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L'architecture orientée services ou AOS (calque de l'anglais service-oriented architecture, SOA) est une forme d'architecture de médiation qui est un modèle d'interaction applicative qui met en œuvre des services (composants logiciels) :
 avec une forte cohérence interne (par l'utilisation d'un format d'échange pivot, le plus souvent XML ou JSON) ;
 des couplages externes « lâches » (par l'utilisation d'une couche d'interface interopérable, le plus souvent un service web WS-*).

Ce terme est apparu au cours de la période 2000-2001 et concernait à l'origine essentiellement les problématiques d'interopérabilité syntaxique en relation avec les technologies d'informatique utilisées en entreprise. Cette conception a évolué pour désigner maintenant le sous-ensemble particulier d'architecture de médiation en fonction de la technologie disponible.

Dans la vie de tous les jours, un fournisseur offre un service à un client le consommant dans une relation de confiance établie entre les deux parties. En général, le client s'intéresse uniquement au résultat produit du service sans avoir le besoin ni le souci de savoir comment ce dernier est obtenu. La SOA suit ce même principe. Le service est une action exécutée par un « fournisseur » (ou « producteur ») à l'intention d'un « client » (ou « consommateur »), cependant l'interaction entre consommateur et producteur est faite par le biais d'un médiateur (qui peut être un bus) responsable de la mise en relation des composants. Le service étant à grandes mailles, il englobe et propose les fonctionnalités des composants du système. Ces systèmes peuvent aussi être définis comme des couches applicatives. L'architecture orientée services est une réponse très efficace aux problématiques que rencontrent les entreprises en termes de réutilisabilité, d'interopérabilité et de réduction de couplage entre les différents systèmes qui implémentent leurs systèmes d'information. Les SOA ou AOS ont été popularisées avec l'apparition de standards comme les Services Web dans l'e-commerce (commerce électronique) (B2B, inter-entreprise, ou B2C, d'entreprise à consommateur), fondés sur des plates-formes comme Java EE ou .NET. Elles mettent en application une partie des principes d'urbanisation. Au sein de l'architecture orientée services, on distingue les notions d'annuaire, de bus, de contrat et de service, ce dernier étant le noyau et le point central d'une architecture orientée services. La déclinaison ou plus précisément la mise en œuvre de la SOA qui repose entièrement sur Internet est appelée la WOA (Web-oriented architecture).

Historique
Au cours de la décennie 1980-1990, la problématique de l'interopérabilité des systèmes d'information, particulièrement complexe lors de la fusion ou de l'acquisition d'entreprises, a donné naissance au domaine de recherche de l'interopérabilité des données ; c'est à cette époque que l'on distingua l'interopérabilité syntaxique de l'interopérabilité sémantique des données. Ces recherches aboutirent aux systèmes multibases, aux développements des bases de données réparties et à l'architecture fédérée. En raison de nombreux problèmes insolubles, l'architecture fédérée fut pratiquement abandonnée.

Les deux principales exigences fonctionnelles qui se sont dégagées au cours de cette période sont :
 Les différents producteurs d'information doivent pouvoir continuer à utiliser leur système de façon transparente. Par exemple, un trust réalisant une acquisition ne doit pas handicaper son nouveau membre en imposant un changement brutal de système informatique ;
 L'organisation doit pouvoir obtenir une synthèse de l'information produite par ses différents membres. Il s'agit ici d'information en lecture seule, la synthèse s'effectuant toujours du bas vers le haut.

Ces exigences fonctionnelles se cristallisèrent avec l'invention par Gio Wiederhold de l'architecture de médiation en 1990-1992 :
 Les usagers finaux sont séparés des sources de données par une couche de médiation (couche de services) permettant une synthèse dynamique de l'information ;
 Les différents médiateurs (services) peuvent communiquer entre eux pour transformer et combiner l'information provenant de différentes sources ;
 Les différents médiateurs (services) communiquent en utilisant un langage offrant une grande capacité d'expression sémantique et de transformation.

La recherche sur la médiation de données porta alors sur la création d'architecture générique comme le ARPA I3 où apparurent les cinq grandes familles de services (Adaptation, Transformation, Extension, Management et Coordination), le développement de langages à haute expressivité sémantique comme KQML et les outils de transformation sémantique de l'information comme les ontologies.

Parallèlement, le développement de la technologie Web rendit progressivement les autres technologies d'informatique distribuée de moins en moins attrayantes. L'arrivée en 1996 d'XML provoqua un engouement pour ce langage dans le milieu de la recherche et les langages ad-hoc ou plus complexes comme KQML furent pratiquement abandonnés, du moins pour ce type d'architecture. L'industrie développa de nombreux produits sous l'impulsion de la recherche fondamentale, par exemple, on compte plus de 150 Ph.D. en ligne directe de Wiederhold, la plupart ayant participé activement au développement de cette technologie chez IBM, Oracle, Sun, Microsoft, Cisco, Samsung, LG, Bell Laboratories, Silicon Graphics, Kodak, Google, Napster et autres ; comme James Duncan Davidson qui fut le créateur de Tomcat (Java Servlet et JavaServer Pages) ainsi que de Ant. À la fin de la décennie 1990-2000, on trouvait un nombre considérable de ce type de technologies dont l'interopérabilité était parfois extrêmement problématique, du moins sans recette logicielle pour la réaliser.

Concepts

Une architecture orientée service se conforme à divers principes de gestion des services influençant directement le comportement intrinsèque d'une solution logicielle et le style de sa conception :
 L'encapsulation des services.
 Le faible couplage des services avec la maintenance d'une relation réduisant les dépendances.
 Le contrat de service adhère à un accord de communication, collectivement défini avec un ou plusieurs documents de description.
 L'abstraction des services dissimulant la logique du service à l'extérieur.
 La réutilisation des services partageant la logique entre plusieurs services avec l'intention de promouvoir la réutilisation.
 La composition des services.
 L'autonomie des services.
 L'optimisation des services.
 La découverte des services depuis leur description extérieure.

L'architecture orientée service représente un moyen technique d'intégration des divers systèmes d'information de l'entreprise considérant chaque ressource informatique comme un service. Elle permet de construire les buildings blocks qui composeront l'urbanisme du système d'information.

La notion d'interface  est importante dans l'approche orientée service. En effet, elle représente le point d'entrée unique vers les fonctionnalités de la solution logicielle et assure la communication grâce à l'échange de messages. Chaque message est porteur de la sémantique particulière à la solution logicielle. De plus ce message est rédigé dans un langage compréhensible aux deux parties en présence. Les services proposés d'une architecture agile décrivent la structure des messages qu'ils attendent du client.

L'architecture orientée service est une solution logicielle distribuée. Elle propose un mécanisme d'échange de messages sécurisé entre les systèmes d'informations sous-jacents en employant des protocoles de communication standardisés. Cette approche offre à l'architecture une opportunité d'ouverture sur un large éventail de solutions logicielles existantes.

Service

Le service est un composant clef de l'architecture orientée services. Il consiste en une fonction ou fonctionnalité bien définie. C'est aussi un composant autonome qui ne dépend d'aucun contexte ou service externe. Il est divisé en opérations qui constituent autant d'actions spécifiques que le service peut réaliser. On peut faire un parallèle entre opérations et services d'une part, et méthodes et classes dans le mode orienté objet d'autre part.

Une architecture orientée services consiste essentiellement en une collection de services qui interagissent et communiquent entre eux. Cette communication peut consister en un simple retour de données ou en une activité (coordination de plusieurs services).

Un service est une entité de traitement qui respecte les caractéristiques suivantes :
 Large granularité () : les opérations proposées par un service encapsulent plusieurs fonctions et opèrent sur un périmètre de données large au contraire de la notion de composant technique.
 Interface : un service peut implémenter plusieurs interfaces, et aussi plusieurs services peuvent implémenter une interface commune.
 Localisable : avant d'appeler () un service, il faudra le trouver ().
 Instance unique : à la différence des composants qui sont instanciés à la demande et peuvent avoir plusieurs instances en même temps, un service est unique. Il correspond au design pattern Singleton.
 Couplage faible () : les services sont connectés aux clients et aux autres services via des standards. Ces standards assurent le découplage, c'est-à-dire la réduction des dépendances. Ces standards sont des documents XML comme dans les web services.
 Synchrone ou asynchrone.

Une déclinaison du service est par exemple le service Web qui utilise WSDL (un métalangage XML) comme langage de description, un annuaire UDDI pour en permettre la localisation et un protocole de transport comme HTTP dans l'architecture REST et SOAP pour l'architecture SOA.

Il existe une hiérarchie des services correspondant aux différentes couches techniques de l'architecture d'une solution :
 Les services de présentations ou de référencement vers les informations affichées et les formulaires de saisies de données.
 Les processus métiers composés de tâches décrites et faisant appel éventuellement à d'autres services.
 Les services de gestion et d'accès aux bases de données.
 Les services d'intégration chargés de la messagerie ou de l'échange de données tant à l'intérieur que vers l'extérieur comme la gestion des courriers électroniques.

Annuaire de services
L'annuaire de services référence l'ensemble des services (et des contrats associés) disponibles au sein du SI, il participe ainsi activement à la mise en œuvre d'une cartographie dynamique du SI. Dans un modèle de bus, l'annuaire peut être autoalimenté par le service (enregistrement). Les annuaires UDDI forment aujourd'hui le standard de référencement des services.

Implémentations basées sur SOA

Bus de service
L'implémentation la plus commune de SOA est celle basée sur un bus de services. Ce bus a un rôle de médiateur (middleware) entre le consommateur et le producteur du service, il permet ainsi de réaliser le couplage lâche. Le bus peut aussi fournir une gamme de services :
 sur la base des patterns EIP (enterprise integration pattern), fournir des fonctionnalités de fractionnement, combinaison permettant de construire l'appel sur plusieurs services ;
 des fonctionnalités de gestion de version de service ;
 des fonctionnalités de supervision et contrôle (avec SLA) des services.

On parle généralement d'ESB (Enterprise Service Bus), outil de nouvelle génération pour l'IAE (Intégration d'Applications d'Entreprise, EAI) construit sur des standards comme XML, JMS (Java Message Service) ou encore les services web. La différence majeure avec l'IAE réside dans le fait que l'ESB propose une intégration complètement distribuée grâce à l'utilisation des conteneurs de services. Ces "mini-serveurs" contiennent la logique d'intégration et peuvent être déposés n'importe où sur le réseau. L'ESB est principalement un outil d'échange asynchrone disposant d'interfaces standardisées (SOAP, JMS…) ou intégrées (JBI…). Il peut aussi offrir des services à valeur ajoutée (traduction, transformation…) activés par des événements.

WOA (Web-oriented architecture)
Une autre possibilité pour mettre en place SOA au sein d'un SI consiste à utiliser le web comme unique support de service (et non un bus). Cette approche est rendue possible par le fait que le web contient d'ores et déjà les qualités nécessaires à une SOA (routage, sécurité…).

Cependant, une telle architecture impose que tous les services soient exposés sur le web (ce qui signifie accessible depuis un URL), privilégiant ainsi les services web (rappelons que les services web ne sont pas le seul moyen d'exposer des services sur le web). L'avantage de cette conception est que le support des messages d'invocation de service (le web donc) est vraiment universel et ne nécessite aucune configuration, maintenance, évolution… Mais cette solution est actuellement assez dépréciée dans les situations où les performances sont un critère discriminant (cf. inconvénients des services web).

Cette solution semble, en termes de pure architecture (considérations techniques mises à part), vraiment plus conforme aux principes de SOA.

À l'heure où ce paragraphe a été écrit (été 2008), WOA est encore jeune et sans véritable formalisme, elle suscite encore de nombreux débats. Ainsi il est nécessaire de prendre tout le recul nécessaire quant à la description présentement faite de WOA

Qworum est un exemple de technologie WOA.

Protocoles et normes
Les architectures SOA se reposent principalement sur l'utilisation d'interface d'invocation (SOAP, ancien acronyme de Simple Object Access Protocol) et de vocabulaire de description de données (WSDL, Web Services Description Language et XML, Extensible Markup Language) qui doivent être communs à l'ensemble des agents (fournisseurs de services et utilisateurs de services).

Ce dispositif permet de réutiliser les applicatifs métiers, le but étant de permettre à l'entreprise de s'adapter rapidement à un nouveau contexte de marché.

En termes d'intéropérabilité, les architectures SOA reposent en partie sur les normes décrites à travers le WS-I.

Parmi les différentes couches de normes et protocoles qui permettent de bâtir de telles architectures, on relève :
 la gestion d'un annuaire de services (quels sont les services mis à disposition et par qui) avec : UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration) normalisé par l'OASIS ;
 la description des interfaces des services (quelles sont les données nécessaires à l'exécution du service, que fournit-il en retour...) avec : WSDL recommandé par le W3C ;
 l'invocation (ou l'appel) du service (la requête transmise au service) avec : SOAP recommandé par le W3C ;
 le format des données échangées avec : XML recommandé par le W3C ;
 et enfin, le transport des données avec les protocoles internet : HTTP et TCP/IP qui sont des recommandations RFC.

Une architecture SOA pourra être complétée par :
 la gestion de la sécurité avec : SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), XML Signature, XML Encryption, SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language) ou encore XKMS (XML Key Management Specification, qui gère les infrastructures à clé publique ou PKI) ;
 l'orchestration (on parle également de chorégraphie) des services pour constituer des processus métier avec : BPEL4WS (Business Process Execution Language For Web Services) devenu WS-BPEL et qui est un dérivé à la fois de WSFL (Web Services Flow Language) d'IBM et de XLang de Microsoft qu'il a remplacés, devenant de fait le standard de l'orchestration des services web. On peut aussi citer WSCI (Web Services Choregraphy Interface). L'orchestration suppose l'existence d'un chef d'orchestre (WS-BPEL est un langage d'orchestration), tandis que la chorégraphie implique des interactions pair-à-pair. WS-CDL (Web Services Choregraphy Description Language) est un exemple, le plus récent, d'un tel langage ;
 la gestion transactionnelle (gestion du protocole de validation à deux phases, two-phase commit, pour la mise à jour contrôlée de plusieurs bases de données réparties entre plusieurs fournisseurs de services : la transaction « attend » de recevoir l'acquittement (le commit) des différents serveurs sollicités et en cas de problème avec l'un d'eux, est en mesure de demander aux autres serveurs de « défaire » les mises à jour partielles effectuées afin de maintenir l'intégrité des données) : WS-Transaction d'IBM, XAML (Transaction Authority Markup Language) ou encore BTP (Business Transaction Protocol).

Organisme de normalisation
OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) est un consortium à but non lucratif qui pilote le développement, la convergence et l'adoption des standards "OPEN" pour les architectures de systèmes d'information.

Technologies basées sur les principes de SOA
 Service Component Architecture (SCA) est une technologie d'assemblage de composants dans laquelle on considère que tout composant peut exposer des services et que toute dépendance est un lien vers un autre service. Ainsi, créer une application devient un simple assemblage de services, et on peut très aisément publier notre application comme un service sous divers formats (JBI, WS, RMI…).
 Qworum est une plate-forme qui permet de construire des applications web en combinant des services accessibles par le réseau. Ces services sont interactifs : chaque service peut interagir avec l'utilisateur final par le biais de pages web. Chaque service peut également être composé d'autres services.
 MentDB Weak est une plateforme où tout ce qui est programmé est automatiquement un service web. Il ne reste plus qu'à les connecter ensemble pour bénéficier pleinement de l'organisation SOA. Mais le système va plus loin que de simples échanges de données, son langage de programmation est volatile. En isolant du code dans un tunnel (à condition d'avoir les droits), le code source peut être exécuté sur un serveur distant. Il devient simple d'imaginer un système d'information ou le code source ne serait présent que sur une seule machine: pas de déploiement à faire sur tout un parc. Tout en gardant les accès aux données sécurisés, même si ces données proviennent de différentes sources, tout est vu comme si elles provenaient d'une seule et unique source.

Évolutions et tendances
Aux alentours de 2013 un certain nombre d'entreprises, tel que Netflix, ont appliqué les patterns de la SOA en prenant en compte les évolutions technologiques (conteneurisation, kubernetes, kafka…) de l'époque. Les retours d'expérience précédents ont permis d'affiner certains des principes, notamment la granularité des services, d'où l'appellation de « Microservices ». De ce point de vue, on peut considérer les microservices comme une évolution de la SOA.

Exemples
La SNCF a mis en place une architecture de type SOA pour son système de réservation (recherche d'horaire, demande de tarif, réservation…) qui prend en charge à la fois les terminaux des guichets des agences et gares, et les sollicitations de son site web de commande en ligne Voyages-sncf.com.

Le groupe Air France-KLM a lui aussi décidé en  de choisir une architecture orientée service pour son SI (architecture à base de web services, elle remplacera à terme l'architecture SOA « maison » qui est en place depuis les années 1990). L'entreprise opte pour cette architecture dans le but de « rendre son SI à la fois évolutif et réactif » .

Enfin, l'administration française se modernise également à travers la rénovation de l'infrastructure technique dans certains ministères, dont la Défense et les anciens combattants. Par exemple, l'équipe de projet du prochain système d'information ministériel des achats envisage de recourir à une architecture de services reposant sur un ESB. En effet, ce SI HA ministériel devra échanger avec de nombreux autres. Ainsi, la SOA lui permettra de s'intégrer dans un paysage contraint par un fort besoin d'interopérabilité.

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Service-Oriented Architecture Compass - Business Value, Planning and Enterprise Roadmap IBM Press Books by Pearons plc.
 Berg (Martin van den), Bieberstein (Norbert),Ommeren (Erik van), SOA for Profit : guide du manager pour une SOA réussie, Sogeti et IBM, 2007
 Manager avec les ERP, architecture orientée services (SOA), de Jean-Louis Lequeux, Editions d'organisation, Paris, .
 Birol Berkem, Why SOA services need to be based on the Business Motivation Model (BMM) ?, June 2008
 SOA , microservices et API management, 4e édition, Xavier Fournier-Morel, Pascal Grojean, Guillaume Plouin, Cyril Rognon, Collection InfoPro, Dunod, 2017

Articles connexes
 Architecture de médiation
 Architecture ARPA I3
 Urbanisation
 Service Component Architecture (SCA)
 Service Web
 Liste des spécifications des Services Web WS-*
 Architecture orientée évènements
 Client-serveur
 Architecture trois tiers
 Web-oriented architecture
 Détection d'anti-patrons de conception dans les architectures orientées services
 Microservices

Architecture logicielle
Gestion de projet
Services web

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Příjmení McDaniel nosí více významných osobností:

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text:
Schacky ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Eugen Freiherr von Schacky (1848–1912), deutscher Architekt, Ingenieur und Verwaltungsbeamter
 Siegmund Freiherr von Schacky (1850–1913), deutscher Verwaltungsbeamter


The Scandinavian police procedural has become a staple in 21st Century television, but the latest from Sweden, Jordskott, takes the genre far beyond what we have come to know.
Police detective Eva Thornblad (Moa Gammel) returns home following the death of her estranged father, an uneasy step into the a past that includes the disappearance of her daughter Josefine seven years before. Eva is convinced Josefine was abducted, the police were convinced she was dead, and Eva hopes to do some investigating of her own on her return home.
But so much more than the expected ghosts await her, as she becomes involved in another missing child case, and in the ecological battle between protesters and her father's timber company, which ravaging the forest and planning to take it a step further by mining the area.
I suppose this is another one of those spiritual grandchildren of Twin Peaks, taking a swirl of personal drama and wrapping it all around concerns beyond the mortal realm, in this case, pulling heavily from concepts in Scandinavian folklore to add layers of background to be explored, as well as mysterious action. But like so many of these new generation shows, it does it better than Twin Peaks ever did, managing to stay on-message and to link the mundane with the fantastic in plausible and dramatic ways.
Jordskott is a highly original supernatural show that enlists the creepy ambience of the natural world and the foreboding rush of human emotion to tell its tale, rather than the kind of overdone window dressing that too many shows like it embrace. Hoping for a second season.
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WW1 Memorial Arch unveiled
Hulley & Kirkwood provided design input to the £500k privately funded Step Short Memorial Arch at Folkestone. Opened by His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Wales in August 2014, the Arch, located at Leas in Folkestone, is the only new memorial to be built in commemoration of World War 1 and represents the role Folkestone played in the Great War. Overlooking the harbour where ships departed for France, the stainless steel arch, at 14 metres high, spans the route where 10 million soldiers marched along the Leas. Embedded within the arch itself, 100 LED lights, each one representing 100,000 soldiers to symbolise the contributions made by the UK and its allies from 1914-18.
Given Hulley & Kirkwood's long standing involvement with the Ministry of Defence, it was an opportunity to support a project of such significance and we were delighted to design both the lighting scheme and supporting utilities.

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J.LEAGUE YBC LEVAIN CUP / CONMEBOL SUDAMERICANA Championship Final
All Japan University Football Rookies Cup
EAFF E-1 Football Championship 2017 Final Japan
Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League / Final
Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League /Play-Off
JJ-Youth Cup J-league Youth Tournament
All Japan University Women's Football Tournament
All Japan High School Women's Football Tournament
JFA U-18 Japan Futsal Tournament
JFA Enjoy 5 - JFA Futsal Enjoy Tournament -
HOME > Competitions > Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021 TOP > NEWS > Shimizu hold onto provisional lead with six consecutive victories in the Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021
Shimizu hold onto provisional lead with six consecutive victories in the Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021
The 17th sec. of the Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021 EAST took place on Saturday 27 and Sunday 28 November at various locations.
Pick-up Match
Shimizu S-Pulse Youth 1-0 (1-0, 0-0) Funabashi Municipal High School
At IAI Stadium Nihondaira in Shizuoka, the provisional leaders of the EAST, Shimizu S-Pulse Youth (Shizuoka), squared off against ninth place Funabashi Municipal High School (Chiba), who is competing in the relegation race, making this a must win match for both sides.
In efforts to take the initiative, Funabashi Municipal applied aggressive pressure against Shimizu's build-ups and tried to win the ball in high position to initiate short counters. Facing this high pressure, Shimizu showcased great individual skills and collective pass-works to carry the ball upfront and create chances that threatened the Funabashi Municipal goal.
It was the home side who struck first, as Shimizu scored the opening goal in the 10th minute. The goal was scored by CHIBA Kanta (#9), who leads the league in goals, when he connected with the cross delivered by YAMADA Riku (#18), as the striker later reflected, "I'm confident in my ability to connect with crosses, and a perfect ball was delivered to me, so I just had to convert it."
As coach IWASHITA Jun mentioned, "We didn't get off to a bad start," Shimizu managed to find their rhythm from the early minutes, but Funabashi Municipal gradually picked up their pace as the match progressed. "Right after we conceded the goal, we talked it out to reset our minds," said HIRAMA Rikuto (#6), as the Funabashi side created more opportunities to threaten the Shimizu goal.
"Each one of us was trying too hard to make a good play, which slowed down our decisions," said coach Iwashita, as Shimizu started to make uncharacteristic mistakes to lose the ball. SUZUKI Keigo (#25) also reflected, "It felt like we were making aimless efforts," as his side struggled to get back on track, but led by KIKUCHI Shuta (#3), TABATA Ryusei (#4), and NAKAJIMA Atsuki (#1), the Shimizu defence showcased great efforts to keep the clean sheet intact.
With time running out, Shimizu made a decision as a team to lockup the win, as the players played with a mutual understanding to maintain the one goal lead. By making tenacious efforts to run down the clock, Shimizu managed to get one step closer to the league title by adding three more points to their tally.
Following the match, coach Iwashita mentioned, "There are many aspects we need to reflect on, but it was a great learning experience." However, in terms of defence, the coach also praised his side for keeping three consecutive clean sheets and building on what they have worked on over the years. On the other hand, Funabashi Municipal's coach HATA Shugo mentioned, "We need to improve on our finishing skills and intensity level at the final third, which are something we have been lacking all season." The couch did touch on the fact that his side managed to bounce back to showcase a positive performance towards the end of the first half and into the second half and vowed to win their next match.
Coaches and Players' Comments
IWASHITA Jun, Coach (Shimizu S-Pulse Youth)
Coming off a big win over Aomori Yamada High School, we knew that this was going to be a crucial match for us. However, it is questionable if everyone was on the same page. Even when we were dominated, the defenders managed to keep their positions to deny the opponents from taking shots, which is something positive we can take away from this match.
DF #4 TABATA Ryusei (Shimizu S-Pulse Youth)
When looking back on our overall performance, there are many things we need to address and improve on. We have been working on our agility, and it felt like we are getting positive results from it, as we managed to close down the gap to block shots and win the ball. We will try to make the most of this experience and finish off the season on a high note by winning the remaining two matches.
HATA Shugo, Coach (Funabashi Municipal High School)
We were forced to chase the ball for a long time from the first half, which made it a difficult match for us. However, even though we were dominated in ball possession, we were determined to maintain our composure in defence. Although we conceded early in the first half, we gradually got used to the pace as the match progressed. We were devastated after being eliminated from the All Japan High School Soccer Tournament qualifier, but the players did a great job to bounce back from it.
MF #6 HIRAMA Rikuto (Funabashi Municipal High School)
Although we conceded an early goal, we managed to regroup and create chances afterwards. However, we lacked quality in the final third, which has been an issue all season. To be honest, we almost gave up after losing in the All Japan High School Soccer Tournament, but we have talked as a team to reset our goal to keep the team in the Premier League. We will give our best efforts to win the remaining matches so that the team can avoid being relegated.
Results of other matches
Yokohama F.Marinos Youth 1-4 (1-2, 0-2) Omiya Ardija U18
Urawa Red Diamonds Youth 0-1 (0-1, 0-0) FC Tokyo U-18
Kashiwa Reysol U-18 1-4 (1-2, 0-2) Aomori Yamada High School
Yokohama FC Youth 1-0 (0-0, 1-0) Ryutsu Keizai University Kashiwa High School
Propelled by the brace of MAEZAWA Hiroki (#17), Omiya Ardija U18 (Saitama) registered four goals to defeat Yokohama F.Marinos Youth (Kanagawa), marking their seventh win of the season. FC Tokyo U-18 (Tokyo) earned a 1-0 shutout victory over Urawa Red Diamonds Youth (Saitama), thanks to the early goal scored by HIGASHI Renta (#13). The hat-trick scored by WATANABE Sera (#17) helped Aomori Yamada High School (Aomori) cruise past Kashiwa Reysol U-18 (Chiba) 4-1. Yokohama FC Youth (Kanagawa) edged Ryutsu Keizai University Kashiwa High School (Chiba) 1-0 at home, with MASUDA Kensho (#3) scoring the game winner in the 50th minute.
Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021
League Duration: Sat. 3 April - Sun. 12 December 2021
Competitions 2021/11/29 Heated Kyushu showdown between Ozu and Tosu ends in a draw - Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021
Competitions 2021/11/26 Title race and relegation race intensifies… Which team will break out of the pack? - Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021
Competitions 2021/11/22 Shimizu defeat Aomori Yamada to claim provisional lead of the Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021 EAST
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HOME Competitions Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021 TOP NEWS Shimizu hold onto provisional lead with six consecutive victories in the Prince Takamado Trophy JFA U-18 Football Premier League 2021


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Home » Brian Scott Lipton's Celeb Interviews » Sneak Preview: 'Gigi' – Interviews, Musical Numbers
Corey Cott
Eric Schaeffer directs
interviews Brian Scott Lipton
NY Theater
Pre Broadway
Victoria Clark
video & Photos Sandi Durell
Rodgers + Hammerstein's Cinderella at Paper Mill Playhouse
Radio City Rockettes Getting Ready for 2019 Xmas Spectacular
Marin Mazzie's Sunflower Power Hour
Jason Danieley 'A Heart to Heart' at Feinstein's/54 Below
Sneak Preview: 'Gigi' – Interviews, Musical Numbers
Posted on Mar 12, 2014 in Brian Scott Lipton's Celeb Interviews, Interviews, News and Previews
Vanessa Hudgens, Corey Cott
Victoria Clark, Howard McGillin
by: Brian Scott Lipton
Video and Photo Montage: Sandi Durell
The night they invented champagne will be an extremely memorable one this winter, thanks to the talented cast and creators of "Gigi," a re-imagined musical version of the classic Colette story, played the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. January 16 through February 12 and is set to begin Broadway previews on March 19th.
Made famous as an Oscar-winning MGM film, "Gigi" features the songs of Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe such as "Thank Heaven for Little Girls," "I Remember It Well," and "Gigi". This production includes some of the pair's beautiful tunes that were not used either in the film or the 1973 Broadway version, as well as a new book by Heidi Thomas (best known for TV's "Call the Midwife"). Eric Schaeffer ("Follies") directs the show, which features substantial choreography by On the Town's Joshua Bergasse.
"High School Musical" star Vanessa Hudgens takes on the title role, a young Parisian woman on the verge of a new life, and the accomplished cast also features Broadway favorites Victoria Clark as Mamita Alvarez, Dee Hoty as Aunt Alicia, Corey Cott as Gaston Lachaille, Howard McGillin as Honore Lachaille, and Steffanie Leigh as Liane d'Exelmans.
At a meet and greet at New 42nd Street Studios, Theater Pizzazz spoke to the cast and creative team about this heavenly endeavor. Ooh la la!
(Photographed & Filmed at New 42nd Street Studios)


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These 11 States Now Have More People on Welfare Than They Do Working.
The Obama Administration Must Be So Proud of This Truly Remarkable Accomplishment.
WOW! WHAT A RECORD!
Thersites March 27, 2013 at 7:58 AM
Does that include those on SSI Disability?
Rational Nation USA March 27, 2013 at 8:00 AM
Let me see if I understand this correctly. We keep allowing more Illegal immigrants into American and they keep collecting Food Stamps and going on welfare, and Obama thinks that's a Good Thing!
Why does it seem like Barack Obama has been doing everything that he can to sabotage our economy, and our security by promoting more, and more illegal immigration? Am I missing something here?
And the Progressives think that he's brilliant!
These people get housing assistance, food stamps, welfare, free education for their children, free medical (all they have to do is walk into any emergency room and they have to be treated!)...all of that needs to be reserved for citizens....I'm sorry mate, but illegal's should not be rewarded for breaking our immigration laws! Doesn't the word illegal mean criminal?
-FJ March 27, 2013 at 8:04 AM
During President Barack Obama's first term, the number of Americans collecting federal disability insurance increased by 1,385,418 to a record 8,827,795.
As a result, there is now one person collecting disability in this county for every 13 people working full-time.
jez March 27, 2013 at 8:25 AM
http://www.snopes.com/politics/taxes/deathspiral.asp
Silverfiddle March 27, 2013 at 8:51 AM
Jez: Thanks for the clarification. Point well taken.
Having cleared that up, these states are in a death spiral.
California, Illinois and NY being in the deepest financial hole.
In Illinois, where much of my kinfolk have the misfortune of living, the politicians have raided the pension funds, and are now over $80 billion in arrears.
NY state is not much better.
California is the Progressive Poster Child, and it has one of the highest percentages of people on the dole, and it's population remains flat as productive people flee the state.
So while a few superficialities of this post are incorrect, these states are in a death spiral, and bi-partisan economic progressivism is to blame, although it is worth noting that the worst three states(Ill, NY, Cali) are all exclusive Democrat joints. As is the failed city of Detroit.
Economic freedom works. Big State Progressivism is a vampire.
This is the problem. Instead of encouraging self-sufficiency, government peddles drugs:
http://www.benefits.gov/
When you read their nifty little phrase "Search for what government benefits you may be eligible to receive"
What it should really say is "Search for a reason to make the statist bureaucracy reach into a working person's pocket, shake them down, and give the money to you."
Always On Watch March 27, 2013 at 9:16 AM
When the available funds from the tax base are less than the funds being consumed by the takers, bankruptcy for all must ensue -- as will class warfare.
About SSDI....It used to be that the only qualifiers were severe cardiac problems, debilitating stroke, multiple sclerosis, brain cancer, and the like.
Now, if you have a backache, you might be able to collect at least partial SSDI.
When Mr. AOW applied for SSDI after his stroke in 2009, the SSA told me, "He could have been collecting partial SSDI since 1993. He should have applied back then." In 1993, Mr. AOW had surgery for acoustic neuroma; the surgery left him deaf in one ear and with short-term memory loss as well as mild clinical depression, diabetes, and sleep apnea. As a result, he had to change careers -- from the somewhat lucrative career of automotive service manager to nearly-minimum-wage warehouse worker.
About Medicaid....It used to be only for children in need. Now, some 80% of the ailing elderly are receiving Medicaid.
Anyway, my point is that the bar for receiving government assistance has been lowered a lot in the past few years.
Shaw Kenawe March 27, 2013 at 10:13 AM
It's a Pants on Fire lie.
PolitiFact:
Our ruling
Ripping off a map that was created for a different fiscal comparison, the chain email said 11 states had more residents on welfare than employed.
By either a broad definition of welfare or a narrow one, experts told us that's a false and even "extreme" statement. Pants on Fire!
From FactCheck.org:
Q: Do 11 states now have more people on welfare than they have employed?
A: A viral email making this claim is off base. It distorts a Forbes article that compares private-sector workers with those "dependent on the government," including government workers and pensioners, and Medicaid recipients — not just "people on welfare."
I'm surprised you'd use an email chain letter without investigating whether or not it is factual.
False. False. False.
FreeThinke March 27, 2013 at 10:16 AM
SNOPES has a profound bias in favor of the LEFT. It should be patently obvious to anyone but a left wing partisan or an out-and-out moron.
Because of this, I do not accept SNOPES as the Supreme Authority on ANYTHING. They -- like every other organization involved in the Public Information Game these days -- is lute but yet-another propagandist for a biased point of view.
Tendentious research is not worth much if anything at all.
As Kurt said, there may be a few superficial aspects of the "Welfare Map" that could be called "inaccurate," but the PRINCIPLES we are in the process of violating with flamboyant, nose-thumbing flippancy are of much greater concern than the selected "facts" our ideological opponents stockpile to hurl at us like so many grenades.
Like it or not we ARE at WAR, ladies and gentlemen, and has oft been quoted, "All's fair in love and war."
I see no reason to allow someone else's bigotry to eclipse my own. ;-)
FactCheck.org is run by the ANNENBERG FOUNDATION.
Scratch that IMMEDIATELY. They're a rotten bunch of COMMUNISTS.
And so we have Shaw believing it, what else is new?
Commies of a feather flock together.
Rational Nation USA March 30, 2013 at 12:02 AM
I truly wish GWB could have presided over the aftermath of his two terms. Why you may ask. Well I suppose it is because it would have been quite an eye opener for most I'm sure.
We would probably be about where we're at. Of course this is just hunch. Can anybody say Oligarchs.
Ducky's here March 27, 2013 at 10:45 AM
Hear the voices, Freethinker?
It's your corner men yelling "stay down".
At any rate the number on assistance is a descriptive variable and in itself cannot give us any insight into the merits of policy.
Three different sites say this post is false, and your answer to that is that they're Communists?
Okay. If you scream so.
The 12 states in the "death spiral" reported in the Forbes Magazine article, from whence came the misinformation in your email are the following:
7 out of those 12 states have been traditionally Red States and/or have Republican governors running the death spiraling:
Ohio, Kentucky, South Carolina, Maine, Alabama, Mississippi, and New Mexico.
Also, California had Aaaahnold as its governor for 8 years.
What? He had to work with the opposition party? The Democrats? And that's why he left the state in a death spiral?
New York's GOP governor Pataki: 1995 - 2006
Pataki had to work with the opposition party? The Dems?
Tell me about it.
jez March 27, 2013 at 11:34 AM
SF may be right.
Freethinke, notice how your defence of propaganda techniques only distracts from the meat.
FreeThinke March 27, 2013 at 12:18 PM
From ONE of the famed "REFUTATION" sites:
" ... [The map was drawn from] a Forbes article ... [that] compares private-sector workers with those "dependent on the government," including government workers and pensioners, and Medicaid recipients — not just "people on welfare."
A twisted, legalistic interpretation that purports to "refute" the broad claim on the map, but instead presents indisputable evidence that an apparent majority of citizens living in each of the eleven selected states DOES, INDEED, live at the expense of the TAXPAYERS.
Calling that Welfare Dependent may not be strictly accurate by legal definition, but it fully supports the main thrust of today's item which is perfectly true in essence.
Once again we feel compelled to repeat Mrs. Thatcher's immortal words:
The Trouble with Socialism is that Sooner or Later You Run Out of Other Peoples' Money.
AMEN, Maggie! AMEN!
Or was it Winnie who said it first? Doesn't matter, because it's TRUE.
Though the Intellectual Moronocracy would have you believe otherwise, FACTS are NOT synonymous with TRUTH.
When quoting Forbes the phrase "dependent on the government" was put in quotation marks -- as though that somehow called the validity of the statement into question.
I say, "BALLS!" This type or argumentation is nothing more than agenda-drive gamesmanshit. It has no genuine interest in getting at the truth whatsoever.
Not defending propaganda techniques, Jez, I am merely RECOGNIZING, and taking NOTE of them.
I will say that if that Welfare Map Item had originated with me, my headline would have read, A Majority in Each of These Eleven States is Dependent on Taxpayer's Money for Their Survival.
That, however, is cumbersome -- literal truth usually is, which is why we see so very little of it in popular organs of communication.
You can thank the Advertising Industry along with Television for this diminution in the average person's attention span. You may have heard of "The Dumbing Down of America?" There's a decent example.
Radical Redneck, illegal immigrants may contribute to this problem -- particularly in California -- but the problem originated with the advocates of Socialism -- the "Government as Santa Claus to the Poor philosophy.
Believe it or not, Louis XIV created a similar situation when he established Versailles. Before Louis Quatorze France was comprised of myriad little duchy's and fiefdoms that were more or less autonomous. Louis built Versailles, invited all these aristocrats to join the court and seduced them with lavish entertainment and soon acclimated them to a soft easy, self-indulgent, sybaritic lifestyle -- at LOUIS'S expense.
What happened? The nobility in France became weaker and weaker. Eventually the aristocrats lost their independence. The court of Louis XIV became stronger and stronger, the power of the monarch ABSOLUTE.
Anyone see the point, or are you too preoccupied wit making weapons out of your little factoids fashioned solely for the defense of your naked partisanship?
WTF are you talking about?
Silverfiddle March 27, 2013 at 2:44 PM
Shaw: The Forbes article is accurate. Those states are in big trouble.
And your partisan comments are hilarious (California and NY in the grips of evil Republicans?)
These and other fiscal disasters are brought to you by the financially-ignorant shameless lying progressive bastards of all parties.
Progressivism has the same problem as socialism: If fails once they run out of other people's money.
Ducky's here March 27, 2013 at 3:05 PM
So if we pay taxes to finance a more efficient medical insurance program than the inefficient system offered by a for profit insurer, that's a bad choice Free?Thinker?
Really, next thing you know we'll have one of the drones chiming in on having their insurance controlled by a government employee and why that's undesirable compared to a minimum wage clerk incentivized to turn down claims at a for profit.
Shaw Kenawe March 27, 2013 at 3:56 PM
"Progressivism has the same problem as socialism: If fails once they run out of other people's money."
Every economic system in the modern world has elements that are both capitalist (private ownership and / or administration) and socialist (public ownership and / or administration).
The two co-exist alongside each other, as they have done in every economic system since the beginning of time. Unless you want to make the postal service, police and fire departments, military, and education 100% private.
FreeThinke March 27, 2013 at 4:26 PM
Progressivism IS Socialism, Kurt. Marxism, Socialism, Fabianism, Progressivism, Liberalism, Fascism, Statism are all arms of the same monstrous octopus -- or heads from the same hydra, if you prefer.
The RESULTS of these things ALWAYS lead to diminished freedom, limited options, fewer choices, and OFTEN to grinding poverty, famine, violence and MEGADEATH.
If you've studied foreign real estate markets, as I have via the internet and on several trips abroad, in just about any country you could name in comparison to what is STILL available to the average person HERE, you would see immediately that not only is our country STILL exceptional, it is vastly -- and I mean VASTLY -- superior.
I don't know about Central and South America, because I would never consider living there, but the cost of extremely modest, cramped dwellings in Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Holland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark is PROHIBITIVE -- and the TAXES in any of those places would EAT YOU ALIVE.
Since I am a New Yorker by birth and conversant with a rich cosmopolitan culture, it stands to reason that I have known a great many European immigrants to this country, and not ONE of them would even DREAM of going back. They'd rather sweep floors, change linens in motels rooms, scrub toilets and change adult diapers in nursing homes than be a legal secretary, a school principal, a civil engineer, or own a bar and grill in any other country.
Every career or job I mentioned is an actual fact. I have KNOWN these people, personally. Some of them were my relatives.
Is living in the USA Heaven on Earth? Of course not, but it's vastly preferable to Russia, Hungary, Britain, Ireland, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Norway or any of the other places I could mention.
I live in a beautiful, well-appointed 4,500-square-foot home. I admit I am very fortunate, but for what I've paid to live here I am I could not afford to purchase anything much bigger than a glorified broom closet on the fourth floor of a walkup in any of the more desirable cities in England and the continent.
Also, I have two lifelong friends who live as expatriates in London and Paris respectively. They are committed Socialists dedicated to the establishment of the New World Order, of course, and as such would ever admit to me how painfully limited their living conditions really are, but I have eyes, and I have seen, and believe me compared to what I have, it stinks to high heaven.
That said, from the TOURIST'S perspective, Britain and the continent are still magnificent repositories of scenic beauty, architectural wonders, art, music, incredibly good food and many wonderful people, BUT as the saying goes "It's a nice place to visit, but i wouldn't want to LIVE there.
To be fair the French expatriate says he has had very satisfactory experience with French-style socialized medicine, but then he lives on a tiny government stipend bolstered by a significant inheritance from his American parents, and has for the most part been extremely healthy. At age 71 he's still working, because he MUST. I do not envy him.
My London friends on the other hand have had truly dreadful experiences with the National Healthcare system in the Britain. The husband, now 72, has needed major surgery for several years ,and has been scheduled several times, then denied the procedure, and "put on hold" by this apparently overburdened, wholly inadequate system.
My London friends were both top students in high school, both hold advanced degrees from Ivy League Schools by the way, but don't like to talk about it, because they'd have to admit they've been WRONG to embrace Socialism and to reject the land of their birth.
Several British expatriate friends here -- from various walks of life -- have all said in effect, "Once you reach age sixty, the government encourages you to DIE as soon as possible."
And so it goes ...
jez March 27, 2013 at 5:08 PM
The first thing you notice about capitalism is the reduction in population density.
"[Capitalism and Socialism] co-exist alongside each other, as they have done in every economic system since the beginning of time."
PIFFLE, Ms Shaw! First we had primitive tribalism ruled by by brutal warlords. Greece and Rome developed highly advanced societies, but, despite the high intellectual and artistic achievements of the Athenians, and the establishment of democratic-republican forms of government -- for the upper classes -- both these ancient societies depended on SLAVE LABOR to survive and prosper. Rome became a morally bankrupt, degenerate society known for its wanton cruelty, ruthless aggression, brutal subjugation and acquisition of other peoples' lands.
The Huns, the Goths and the Visigoths who eventually conquered Rome were primitive barbarians who ushered in The Dark Ages, which gave us Feudalism, where "nobles" were privileged to warm their feet on cold winter days in the steaming guts of the slashed-open bellies of helpless serfs, and every maidenhead was a potential prize for the Suzerain.
It was only the CHRISTIAN CHURCH that enabled literacy and what-we-know-of the learning of the ancient world to survive. The Church also fostered the Music, Art and Architecture that became the foundation for Western Civilization.
Capitalism is a relatively new phenomenon that began wth the emergence of a middle class.
Communism I see as a reaction to the admitted abuses of the Industrial Revolution, which came upon us much too suddenly to enable us to cope with the social and economic ramifications that came with it.
I believe we've been suffering from what-was-later-called "Future Shock" since the mid-nineteenth century.
"Unless you want to make the postal service, police and fire departments, military, and education 100% private."
The postal service is a looming disaster, public education is for the most part an abject failure. Police and Fire departments are usually handled by local communities not an over-arching Federal Government. Ergo, that leaves only the military -- and I would add development and maintenance of the infrastructure (water supply, sewage disposal and roads, bridges and tunnels, etc. -- to the forces of government.
@FT --- If you've studied foreign real estate markets, as I have via the internet and on several trips abroad, in just about any country you could name in comparison to what is STILL available to the average person HERE, you would see immediately that not only is our country STILL exceptional, it is vastly -- and I mean VASTLY -- superior.
Visit Australia often?
Free market capitalism and the economic growth and opportunity it brings has raised people out of poverty than any socialist program.
Socialism has done the opposite, miring people in sickness and misery.
http://www.realclearmarkets.com/articles/2013/03/26/friends_of_the_poor_are_their_greatest_enemies_100220.html
http://news.investors.com/ibd-editorials/030613-647020-hugo-chavez-created-poverty-in-a-false-model-of-help-for-the-poor.htm
FT's got the best of the argument, Ducky. You traffic in tired dogma and piles of shibboleths.
@ Ducky: "So if we pay taxes to finance a more efficient medical insurance program than the inefficient system offered by a for profit insurer, that's a bad choice Free?Thinker?"
Your first task is to prove that Obama care is in any way efficient.
Your posit is also incomplete. Maybe we should give the free market a try.
I understand coastal real estate can be had for a song in Somalia.
Doubtless bargains abound in Bangladesh too, and I understand the Penguins in Antarctica welcome colonization with open wings.
Everything on Baffin Island is up for grabs -- dirt cheap tundra. Yurts may be imported from Siberia. Sanitation facilities are still primitive.
From what I've seen the real estate available in Australia is architecturally undistinguished and much too expensive for what it is.
Well. Silverfiddle, when for profit takes nearly 20% of the top for administrative costs and Medicare is at 5% I say that 5 is less than 20. Works the same in whatever number system you use, binary, octal, hex ... Medicare is more efficient.
My, my, a couple hundred words in Investors Business Daily and you've settled the matter of Chavez. Was that meant as a joke?
Pick up this weeks Nation and read the featured article. Get some in depth knowledge. I'm sorry that online it's a subscriber only article.
Yeah, but two hundred words in a IBD opinion column and it's settled. Please stop.
Finntann March 28, 2013 at 12:12 AM
"Well. Silverfiddle, when for profit takes nearly 20% of the top for administrative costs and Medicare is at 5% I say that 5 is less than 20"
But Ducky, the Obamacare bureaucracy is still in its infancy. The government workers that will be performing the functions of those minimum wage clerks are not volunteers and will soon be GS-11's, 12's, and 13's, not to mention the WG's who will soon be reaping coin with the AFGE.
Yeah, government is more efficient than the private sector (ROFLMAO).
I said Medicare. Don't straw man.
Now where do you get the specs for the so called "Obamacare bureaucracy" and are they paid more than private insurer management or are you blowing smoke out of your ass again?
Large-scale government social-insurance programs are the best way we have found to achieve major and important public purposes.
In health care, despite extraordinary administrative inefficiencies and little ability to improve quality and cost-effectiveness, the private insurance marketplace works—unless you are old, sick (and happen to be out of a job), or poor. Yet it is the old, the sick, and the poor who need health insurance most—hence, Medicare and Medicaid.
Pick up the nation? You're serious?
Go study economic data on Venezuela, and read the regional papers.
The poor are poored and crime is worse under the Chavez Boligarqia.
One gang of criminals replaced another, but at least the old gang kept the petroleum infrastructure up to date.
Medicare enjoys an apparent cost advantage because it has not competition and much of its cost is hidden in the federal government, so your comparison is false.
What is that you always snidely say?
Pitch till you win, Beantown Quacker.
I guess the Beantown Bolshevik hasn't been reading the news:
CNN: Obama Care Costs Continue to Skyrocket
Obamacare is a nuclear stinkbomb on steroids. But what could we expect from dictatorial progressives who are ignorant of basic economics and human nature?
Education and health, two markets suffering the greatest government penetration, also suffer skyrocketing inflation.
Typical leftist stink-bomb throwing from Canardo. Either these people really do live in a parallel universe, or, they are bald-faced liars who disseminate falsehood with incredible persistence and fanatical zeal.
And they say that Marxism is not a "religion!"
Silverfiddle March 28, 2013 at 12:53 PM
Yeah, FT. You'll have to go a long way to find a truer true believer than Ducky.
@ FreeThinke: I live in a beautiful, well-appointed 4,500-square-foot home. I admit I am very fortunate, but for what I've paid to live here I am I could not afford to purchase anything much bigger than a glorified broom closet on the fourth floor of a walkup in any of the more desirable cities in England and the continent.
I can verify this, and everything he said after it. I have lived, not just vacationed, in many other countries, and his description of living in Europe is dead on.
I get the feeling that liberals in this country who wax rhapsodic over European living have never done it for any length of time. Utilities cost and gasoline alone are outrageous.
And Duckster, you mention Australia, and good for you. They are #3 on Heritage's Index of Economic Freedom
Only Singapore and Hong Kong beat them out, but who wants to live under a communist regime where smog or free speech can kill you, or where you get your ass caned for chewing gum in public.
So Australia is the gold standard. Unlike our creaking, bloated behemoth that eats everything everything in its path and leave nothing but giant clods of shit in its wake, their government is efficient and people are happy with it. Their social services actually work.
If you whiny progressives who worship at the altar of Big Mommy and Big Daddy Government would actually study Australia, and deliver government efficiently like they do, the argument would be over. In your favor.
But sneering and screaming about how horrible those nasty wepubwicans are is so much more rewarding.
To clarify my earlier remark, if the cost of living is higher in Europe is higher than America, might that be partly explained by the fact that over 3 times as many people occupy roughly the same land area over here? Particularly so in England, where over 1000 people share each square mile. I'd guess this is more significant than whatever difference their might be in our economics or politics.
Jez,
Progressives in this country argue just the opposite:
That if we would all pack ourselves into crowded city centers, everything would be cheaper.
I am not making you responsible for their arguments, just pointing that out.
The trouble with our wide open spaces, Jez, is that given the choice few-if-any would live there. They've long been regarded as places bright, ambitious young people flee in droves.
America is really two -- maybe three -- countries united primarily by the the temporary Emperor in the White House, the Imperial Supreme Court, and the Washington Bureaucrazy.
It's much cheaper to live in the "provinces" and prohibitively expensive to live well in places like New York and San Francisco, but ...
In this land people are still permitted to exercise freedom of choice, even if the decisions they make are often unwise. How much longer that freedom may continue to exists depends solely on how successful we may be in defeating the Marxicrats, the Interventionists and the Pseudo-Egalitarians who currently infest the land like a plague of locusts.
"The Washington Bureaucrazy!"
Sometimes you're just too funny, FT. You got a belly laugh out of me when I saw that, and believe me it happens rarely these days.
----------> Katharine Heartburn
Do the verbal wars to nowhere ever grow tiring? It is no wonder why our problems continue to grow.
With no end in sight I'm wondering what our progeny will say about us.
Your cities mostly have room to sprawl. The exceptions such as sf and ny which are constrained by geography are, surprise surprise, as expensive as Paris (guess).
Jez: San Fran, NY and other liberal enclaves such as Boulder, Colorado are constrained by rent control and land use that restricts new development while squeezing out the working middle class the tony progressive oligarchs profess to care so much about.
"Yes, you may clean my toilets, but you may not live here..."
Shaw Kenawes real name is Soledad O'brien.
Divine Theatre April 1, 2013 at 11:00 PM
Old liberals are really pathetic. That is all.
I hope you had a lovely Easter, my friend!
EASTER FANFARES By Stephen Tharp Composer and Perf...
HALLELUJAH From Christ on the Mount of Olives Ludw...
Christ ist erstanden
ET RESURREXIT Mass in B-Minor Johann Sebastian Ba...
Sometimes a March Hare Traipsing through the meado...
HOMOSEXUAL MARRIAGEPoints You May Not Have Ponder...
These 11 States Now Have More People on Welfare Th...
DAY TWO: Donald Vroon "On Spiritual Matters" A cra...
NOEL COWARD ELEGANTLY DISPENSES HIS INIMITABLE BR...
GOVERNMENT RESTRICTIONS on the USE and ENJOYMENT o...
FRIDAY'S SECOND POST A Companion Piece to Dorothy ...
The Little Old Lady in Lavender Silk I was seventy...
Provide, Provide The witch that came (the wither...
Domestic Terrorists The day we had mice - one bro...
I like a look of Agony, Because I know it's true —...
Surgeons must be very careful when they take the K...
On St. Paddy's Day On city streets and hills and ...
The Bard of Murdock and FTTogether Again at Last! ...
Physicists Say They Have Found a Higgs Boson Ma...
Our lives are Swiss –– So still –– so Cool –– Till...
IT'S YOUR MONEY Feds Spend $1.5 Million to Study W...
In the Interests of Fairness We Present A Photo Es...
A SALUTEto all the irate, sour-mouthed LEFTISTSwho...
This Week's BOO AWARDgoes toJohn McCainand Lindsey...
LEST WE FORGET Comparisons are Said to be Odious ...
CAUSE for REJOICING Senator Carl Levin Won't Seek ...
Snoring Through Sequestration Y2K THE FISCAL CLIF...
The HIDDEN AGENDA for WORLD GOVERNMENT Shocking Re...
The Grand Canyon Suite I. Sunrise II. Painted Des...
A Wealth of Words The Key to Increasing Upward Mo...
A CASE for RADICAL ANTI-AMERICANISMBrandin...


text:
Q: github repo issue involving two account My friend and I share the same user account on an ubuntu which is mainly used by my friend. I created a local repo on the ubuntu and created a remote repo on github using my own github account.
After I pushed the local repo to the remote repo, I found something strange as shown in the picture below. The upper right circle shows my github account, and the other shows my friend's github account. How can I make these two the same??

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Do you know what goes on in your property?
One of initio's first ever claims was a large fire caused by a child playing with matches in a wardrobe. While this is rather cliche, it does happen, and the consequences can be very serious. Fortunately, working smoke alarms meant no one was injured, and initio picked up the tab for the damage to the house.
Please use this as a friendly reminder that all your properties should have working smoke alarms which are tested regularly.


What room(s) do you want to book?
We still have some availability on the days shown below. Please let me know your booking requirements and I will see what I can do for you.
Incl. booking policy : 20% non-refundable deposit due with booking on debit or credit card. Final amount due on arrival.
Cancellations must be received at least 7 days before the stay or full payment is due.
Pets only allowed by prior arrangement (£5 per night).
We take credit / debit card details with the booking as a guarantee. The card will not be charged till the day before your arrival. Cancellations must be received before then or you will be charged the full amount.


The Center for Human Development and Innovation (CHDI) provides a platform to bring together theory and practice, research and application, and partnerships between practitioners and academia to help address the most complex education, training and human development challenges facing Nepal and the South Asia region. CHDI is a part of the Institute for Integrated Development Studies.
The CHDI's core values include democracy and social justice; evidence based policy making; civic engagement and dialogue; and open and transparent communication and decision making. CHDI will operate with an open ended, non-ideological, pragmatic perspective in all its analysis and decisions.


text:
Q: Best practice for keeping JS at bottom of page using componentized modules I am looking for best practices/design patterns for keeping JavaScript in external JS files/bottom of the page. I am running into a problem where my pages are built from a number of components, and each component replies on a jquery component that needs several params passed to it.
So for instance in a JSP

   <div id="js-slideshow-<%= slide-id %>" class="js-slideshow">

The problem is I now have  tags peppering my markup and there is alot of repeat code. Ideally I would break out all these JS calls into a JS file that is included at the bottom of the page.
My initial thought would be to load up any params the jquery plugins need as data-* attributes.
Something like
JSP

   <div data-path="<%= path %>" class="js-slideshow">

JS file

Are there any other good patterns for keeping JavaScript separated out in JS files even when the calls require data/context the server needs to provide and may only be available from the context of a component?

Clarifications:
This is simply practice of breaking out common presentation elements into separate files. Ruby on Rails partials are one example of this.
One component may be a "Slideshow" but depending on which page its located on i may want adjust its behavior using different values, such as different sets of images to show, different size images, or a different title, etc. This "variety" in parameters "known" by the server, and it would be up to the server to understand the context to pull the param values from a serverside data store and write them to the JS calls.
Ideally I would like to minimize the number of times the same "base" JS is written out and execute it at the bottom once for the following reasons:
1. Decrease page weight
2. Increase readability of generated HTML
3. Moved javascript code (even if they are just calls) from the HTML file to a JS file(s) - which is a clean separation of code and data
4. Allows for more data to be cached (the JS file can be cached and the extra page weight doesnt have to be downloaded on other page requests)
5. Avoid the scenario of more complex components having multiple events bound to the same element. For example:
$(".slideshow").init('<%= param %>') adds a bind event to the .slideshow element, if I call $(".slideshow").init('<%= param %>')  multiple times, multiple events will be bound to that DOM element. (I think bind works like that, if not live or delegate does).
I can get around it by calling init on a uniquely named element, but this requires adding unique ids to each slideshow DOM element, which seems unnecessary.
In terms of development I will most likely have a separate JS file for each component, but will pack them into a single file during the build process.

A: so what you are saying is that the parts of your site come in "modules" that have their own HTML and JS, and that when you sum it all up, they are just in the middle of things?
i suggest you put script paths as variables or data-* and have a loader at the bottom do the lazy loading later.
like say:

    your module HTML

then at the bottom of your page, before your `, you have some script that does:

in the end, you have a clean page. at least, you need jQuery and the code above in the page. the rest of your scripts are dynamically loaded at the bottom.


text:
Geoffrey Harvey
← Back to Calleen Collecton
Arnott's Building
In storage
Winner Calleen Award 1984
CAL1984.1
Excerpt from The Calleen Collection by Peter Haynes (2019)
Geoffrey Harvey was born in 1954 in Sydney where he still lives and works. He studied at the National Art School and at the (then) Alexander Mackie College of Advanced Education from where he received a Diploma in Art in 1977. In 1987 he was awarded a MA (Fine Art) from the (then) City Art Institute. He has been exhibiting regularly throughout Australia since 1977 and has also shown in Paris and London. His work is held in numerous collections including the National Gallery of Australia, the Art Gallery of New South Wales, the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of South Australia, Artbank, and regional, institutional, corporate and private collections in Australia and the USA. His many awards include most recently the Muswellbrook Painting Prize (2017), the Northern Beaches Art Prize (2017), the Warringah Painting Prize (2016) and the Korea-Australia Arts Foundation Painting Prize (2016).
Arnott's Building is characteristic of Harvey's forays into photorealism that characterised his early work. It is a fine example not only of the artist's work but of the photorealist genre in Australian art history. The somewhat bland facade of the building is enlivened by the symmetrically placed trio of arched windows in the top half of the picture. The biscuit colour is broken by serried triangles of light and the windows and their attached shutters. The thin line of sky at the very top reinforces the division of the painting into horizontal bands. The bottom plane has a bold blue palette, darker to the left-hand edge. The Arnott's label and logo of the brightly coloured parrot have an intensity of colour that is visually very effective. The blue of the ground floor facade is interrupted by the (again) biscuit yellow of a telephone box. I have incorporated the word biscuit to describe the artist's choice of colour purposefully to indicate the obvious connection between subject and manner of delivering it. The urban geometries seen here demonstrate the proficiency of Harvey's techniques and the sureness of his use of colour.


Get Free Stuff Online Now! – Find Answers..
Posted byadmin	 April 15, 2019 Leave a comment on Get Free Stuff Online Now! – Find Answers..
Many organisations offer free samples of products as an important method of sales marketing. Giving out free things is a method for businesses to gauge how well their product will be received by consumers. To the average person, an organization giving out a genuine or trial-sized product might seem a bit odd, but this practice provides big businesses a chance to feel the product where they would not otherwise get to try it unless they bought it by themselves.
You've probably asked yourself on many occasions ways you can get free product samples. Getting free product samples delivered in the mail is easier than you may think!
Usually businesses have limited stocks to become hand out as free sample products and consumers who wants to request free samples using results or even the Internet should send in a request as soon as possible.
The simplest way to start getting freebie samples is by simply logging on to product marketing websites. You will most likely must fill out an easy questionnaire stating your interests and likes. Within a few short weeks or days, you will begin to receive free examples of products for you to enjoy.
If you are searching at no cost products to sample, the best option is to perform a search on Google to find out what exactly is out there. It does take some time to find legitimate companies that offer free trials of the product. Why not try https://www.getfreestuffonlinenow.com. They provide a multitude of free samples such as free food, free makeup, free skin treatment and more.
Are you aware that there are lots of free product samples available on the web? Many individuals don't realize the number of freebies you will find on the internet, so they don't benefit from these samples. Begin saving your money yet still get high-end products by subscribing to free product samples.
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Because there are so many free product samples available available, we simply need to just sign-up to obtain them! You will find free samples of virtually any product– beauty supplies, household cleaners, food, baby supplies, etc, etc. The internet allows many manufacturers to arrive at many consumers like you and me, all we must do is give them our information in order to send us the merchandise. Many businesses ask for simple information like your name, email, and mailing address, then inside a few short weeks you will find your freebie samples within the mailbox!
One of the primary benefits to signing up for free product samples, is the fact these samples enable you to try the product before you purchase it. When there is a particular item that you are considering, you are able to lqbfsc a little sample of it before putting money into getting the product at the store. This way, should you don't enjoy it for some reason you didn't waste any money to discover that you don't like that specific product.
Lots of people usually do not subscribe to free product samples because they do not spend some time to search for the offers. But, once you learn where you can look, you are able to join many freebies in a single location.
Press Release Service – Current Information..


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The complex of Belvedere Orangery and the associated buildings had been restored by Weimar Classic Foundation during the last years and was reopened in 2015. In the former Garden Inspector's House is installed a permanent exhibition prepared by European Heritage Volunteers about European Heritage Volunteers Projects in Europe as well as about UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers Projects worldwide. The exhibition is complemented by videos presenting some of the Heritage Volunteers projects having taken place in Europe during the last years.The volunteers taking part in the Guest Guiding project will be at the place from Tuesday to Friday in the afternoons and on Saturdays and Sundays the whole days – the time when most of the visitors will come. S/he should be available for the visitors of the exhibition, answering their questions concerning European Heritage Volunteers, UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers in general and the UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers project at Belvedere Park. Own contribution concerning related topics as conservation, heritage management, garden architecture and similar is welcome. The volunteers will work in close cooperation with the Department for Castles, Gardens and Buildings of Weimar Classic Foundation.Before getting active as guest guide the volunteer will take part in a Heritage Volunteers Project to be come familiar with the organisation as well as to get first introductions about the tasks as guest guide. For the introduction time the volunteer will join one week of the Workcamp at Lohra Castle (therefore please have a look on Lohra Castle Workcamp description W04)In addition, the volunteer will be involved in the UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers Project in Weimar by providing guided tours for the participants, presenting heritage sites of its country of origin and similar.
The volunteer is accommodated in a shared flat in Weimar. After the introduction week(s) s/he gets 15 € pocket money for each real guest guiding week lasting seven days and 7 € for food per day and s/he will have a simple bike to get from the accommodation to the working place (ca. 4 km). For the participants of this project should be clear that s/he is the only volunteer at the place.
Weimar is a beautiful small city, located in the middle of Germany in the state of Thuringia. It has a huge number of cultural important places; especially the Classical Period made the city, what it is now. By the late 18th century many of the leading writers and thinkers in Germany, such as Goethe, Schiller and Herder, came to Weimar and shaped the cultural life and in the same time the image of the city. Weimar became the cultural centre of Europe at that time. Many painters, composers and philosophers lived in the city during the classical period. Until now you find many creative and inspired people living in Weimar, which were attracted by the great accumulation of cultural spirit. Since 1998 "Classical Weimar" is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Besides Goethe's House, the City Church and the City Palace, especially the parks and gardens with their impressive landscape architecture and pretty castles are part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Classical Weimar".During the 20th century Weimar became the birthplace of the Modern Movement in architecture and aesthetics. The Bauhaus was developed by merging the Grand Ducal School of Arts and Crafts and the Weimar Academy of Fine Arts. It had a profound influence upon developments in art, architecture, design and typography. The "Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar and Dessau" are listed as UNESCO World Heritage, too. For all this historical important marks and to spread the knowledge of the past, Weimar became in 1999 the European Capital of Culture.Since 2012 UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers Projects are taking place at the parks and gardens of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Classical Weimar". The focus of the activities had been all the years at Belvedere Park, where the volunteers uncovered and restored historical paths which had been disappeared for decades. European Heritage Volunteers coordinates the European part of the UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers initiative as well as organises European Heritage Volunteers projects in Germany and initiates and coordinates European Heritage Volunteers Partner Projects all over Europe.
The complex of Belvedere Orangery and the associated buildings had been restored by Weimar Classic Foundation during the last years and was reopened in 2015. In the former Garden Inspector's House is installed a permanent exhibition prepared by European Heritage Volunteers about European Heritage Volunteers Projects in Europe as well as about UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers Projects worldwide. The exhibition is complemented by videos presenting some of the Heritage Volunteers projects having taken place in Europe during the last years.The volunteers taking part in the Guest Guiding project will be at the place from Tuesday to Friday in the afternoons and on Saturdays and Sundays the whole days – the time when most of the visitors will come. S/he should be available for the visitors of the exhibition, answering their questions concerning European Heritage Volunteers, UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers in general and the UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers project at Belvedere Park. Own contribution concerning related topics as conservation, heritage management, garden architecture and similar is welcome. The volunteers will work in close cooperation with the Department for Castles, Gardens and Buildings of Weimar Classic Foundation.Before getting active as guest guide the volunteer will take part in a Heritage Volunteers Project to be come familiar with the organisation as well as to get first introductions about the tasks as guest guide. For the introduction time the volunteer will join the UNESCO World Heritage Volunteers Project in Weimar (therefore please have a look on the description of the project H05).In addition, the volunteer will be involved in the activities on occasion of the European Heritage Day on September, 9th, by providing guided tours, too.


1. ) The minimumamount of cash and liquid assets as a percentage of demand deposits and timedeposits that member banks of the Federal Reserve are required to maintain.
2. ) Reserves that must be held against customer deposits of banks and other depository institutions. The reserve requirement ratio affects the expansion of deposits that can be supported by each additional dollar of reserves. The Board of Governors sets reserve requirements within limits specified by law for all depository institutions (including commercial banks, savings banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, some industrial loan banks, and US agencies and branches of foreign banks) that have transaction accounts or nonpersonal time deposits. A lower reserve requirement allows more deposit and loan expansion and a higher reserve ratio permits less expansion.
3. ) Requirements set by the Federal Reserve Board of Governors for the amounts that certain financial institutions must set aside in the form of reserves. Reserve requirements act as a control on the expansion of money and credit and may be raised or lowered within limits specified by law (lowering reserve requirements allows more bank lending and money growth; raising requirements, less lending and money growth).


text:
Q: Mega Menu CSS Issues This is Structure HTML :

        //looping for HEAD-MENU => Computer

            COMPUTER

                    // looping sub-menu computer => dekstop

DEKSTOP

                        //looping FOR SUB-MENU DEKSTOP

DEKSTOP ASUS

DEKSTOP DELL

                        //

                    //

        //

CSS:
#menu {
 position: relative;
}

#menu ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

#menu > ul > li {
  float: left;
  z-index: 20;
}

#menu > ul > li:hover {}

#menu > ul > li > a {
  text-decoration: none;
  display: block;
  z-index: 6;
}

#menu > ul > li > div  {
  display: none;
  background: #26348b;
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 5;
  padding: 0 10px;
  margin-top: 3px;
  left: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid #fff;
  width: 100%; //REMOVE THIS   <<==
}

#menu > ul > li:hover > div {
  display: table;
}

#menu > ul > li > div > ul  {
  display: table-cell;
}

#menu > ul > li > div > ul > div > li a {
  display: block;
  white-space: nowrap;
  min-width: 110px;
}

.sub-menu > ul > .sub-child {
  width: 25%;
  float: left;
  display: block;
}

#menu > ul > li > .sub-menu > ul > .sub-child > li:first-child a {
  font-size: 1.2em;
  color: #8dc63f;
}

.menu-inner {
  background: #26348b;
  margin: 20px 0 15px;
  padding: 0!important;
  height: 33px;
}

.menu-nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.menu-nav ul li {
  border-right: 1px solid #fff;
  padding: 7px 59px 3px;
}

.menu-nav ul li li {
  padding: 5px 0 0;
  border-right: none;
  margin: 5px 0 2px 15px;
}

.menu-nav ul li:last-child {
  border-right: none
}

.menu-nav ul li a {
  color: #fff;
  position:relative;
}

.menu-nav ul li a:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.nav-effect li a {
  padding: 0 0 5px;
}

.nav-effect li > a::after {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background: #f6a328;
  content: '';
  opacity: 0;
  -webkit-transition: height 0.3s, opacity 0.3s, -webkit-transform 0.3s;
  -moz-transition: height 0.3s, opacity 0.3s, -moz-transform 0.3s;
  transition: height 0.3s, opacity 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
  -webkit-transform: translateY(-10px);
  -moz-transform: translateY(-10px);
  transform: translateY(-10px);
}

.nav-effect li > a:hover::after,
.nav-effect li > a:focus::after {
  height: 3px;
  opacity: 1;
  -webkit-transform: translateY(0px);
  -moz-transform: translateY(0px);
  transform: translateY(0px);
}

ul.nav-effect li ul li a {
  font-weight: normal;
}

ul.nav-effect li div ul div li a {
  font-weight: normal;
}

I already set css and everything is fine except last menu (Accessories and Peripheral)?
For more details, Please check Here
Idkw only the last menu have problem, maybe because too much content? or text to long?
Where I did mistake?
Thanks Advance


text:
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Learn about the Translation Project
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Buy Commentary on Tannisho [+PDF]
Order Free Mini-Pamphlets [+PDF]
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Activities of BDK America
Publication Programs. The main emphasis of BDK's work in America includes supporting the BDK English Tripitaka Series project. The full catalog of available publications can be seen here. Another major project is the distribution of The Teaching of Buddha to hotels, prison inmates, schools and other public facilities throughout the nation. The full catalog of our more than 50 editions of The Teaching of Buddha can be found here. BDK provides translations in most of the major languages of the world.
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text:
Doctores es una estación de la Línea 8 del Metro de la Ciudad de México, recibe su nombre por estar situada en la Colonia Doctores, que a su vez es llamada así porque todas las calles de la zona tiene nombre de médicos pertenecientes a los Médicos Académicos de la Reforma, se encuentra al sur del Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de México, en la delegación Cuauhtémoc.

Afluencia
En el año 2014 la estación Doctores de la línea 8 registró un total de 3,772,721 usuarios, siendo la treceava en estación referente al número de usuarios de la línea 8.

Salidas de la Estación

 Nororiente: Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas esquina Lucas Alamán, Colonia Obrera.
 Suroriente: Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas esquina Lucas Alamán, Colonia Obrera.
 Norponiente: Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas esquina Dr. Liceaga, Colonia Doctores.
 Surponiente: Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas esquina Dr. Liceaga, Colonia Doctores.

Referencias

Estaciones de la línea 8 del Metro de la Ciudad de México
Estaciones de Metro de México inauguradas en 1994