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Department of Medicine > Division of Cardiology > Fellowship Programs
The Division of Cardiology at the UC Irvine Health School of Medicine offers a very competitive three-year Cardiovascular Medicine Fellowship as well as advanced specialty training in a fourth-year Interventional Cardiology Fellowship.
Both programs are certified by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME).
Welcome From the Fellowship Program Director »
UC Irvine Health comprises the clinical, medical education and research enterprises of the University of California, Irvine. UC Irvine Medical Center is an acute care hospital providing tertiary and quaternary care. It is the primary teaching location for UC Irvine Health School of Medicine. It serves a region of more than 3 million people in Orange County, western Riverside County and southeast Los Angeles County. UC Irvine Health is the only University-based academic medical center in Orange County and educates more than 400 medical students and trains more than 800 residents and employs more than 8,000 faculty, staff and residents. UCI Irvine Health Cardiovascular Center is a state-of-the-art academic cardiovascular program.
Our three year ACGME fully-accredited Cardiovascular Disease Fellowship is a training program within the Department of Internal Medicine. The program imparts the core competencies required by the Core Cardiovascular Training Statement recommendations for training in adult cardiovascular medicine. Our Cardiovascular Fellowship is designed to provide exceptional training in all aspects of cardiology with extensive clinical, academic and research experiences in state-of-the-art-settings and a diverse patient population. The program is founded upon the principle that training should be tailored to the needs of each fellow as we believe the best way to allow our fellows to become the consummate professional academic and clinical cardiologist is through a combination of self-study, didactic instruction, research and supervised exposure to cardiac pathology.
We are committed to providing a broad base of advanced training by providing exposure to the full breadth and depth of the Cardiovascular specialty in our state-of-the-art training facilities. Our full-time faculty are dedicated and committed to teaching fellows at the highest level. Fellows attend daily didactic sessions directed by core-faculty members and include multidisciplinary conferences in general cardiology, interventional cardiology, CT surgery, echo, CT-MR imaging and translational cardiology involving basic scientists and clinicians. Providing the fellow with unique insights across a variety of disciplines our Cardiology Grand Rounds Visiting Professor Program provides direct exposure to internationally recognized thought leaders in cardiovascular medicine. Participation in fully-mentored, high-quality research projects for presentation and publication is required with numerous opportunities for research exploration available via the cardiology research curriculum. Fellows are also provided monetary assistance to attend the scientific sessions of the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology each year.
We believe there is more to training than clinical and scientific competence. Consequently, the Cardiovascular Disease Fellowship training program provides ample mechanisms for guidance and support in career development under auspices of the faculty mentoring program. Each incoming fellow is teamed up with a faculty mentor in cardiology and a senior fellow to assure a smooth transition to advanced fellowship training. Upon successful completion of the three-year fellowship training each fellow will become board-eligible for the ABIM Cardiovascular Diseases Certification Examination. Additionally, we are confident that your training will stimulate your core values for compassion, ethics and integrity in total patient care.
Dr. David Donaldson
UC Irvine Health Cardiovascular Fellowship Program Director
Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine/DOM/Division of Cardiology
Dr. Pranav Patel
Chief, Division of Cardiology
Adjunct Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Fellowship in Cardiovascular Medicine »
UC Irvine's Cardiovascular Medicine Fellowship program is designed to train physicians who are certified or eligible for certification by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) to become excellent clinician-scientists in the field of cardiovascular medicine. We train physicians be autonomous and confident in the clinical practice of cardiology, whether that be in independent practice or academic medicine. We achieve these goals using guidelines outlined by ABIM and the American College of Cardiology (ACC), as well as the ACGME program requirements for residency education in cardiovascular disease.
Led by Dr. David Donaldson and Dr. Pranav M. Patel, the three-year fellowship program in cardiovascular medicine includes didactic instruction, grand rounds and lectures from the nation's leading cardiologists. Fellows are exposed to a wide variety of patients and cardiovascular conditions during rigorous training at UC Irvine Medical Center in Orange, VA Long Beach Health System and MemorialCare Heart and Vascular Institute in Long Beach. The fellowship is designed to teach state-of-the-art cardiovascular medicine using the most current, evidence-based data. Fellows also are trained in disease prevention and the evaluation and management of patients with a wide variety of acute and chronic cardiovascular conditions.
The clinical curriculum is designed to meet the American College of Cardiology's COCATS4 recommendations for both procedural volume and training time to achieve competency in treating cardiovascular disease. Clinical rotations emphasize autonomy and clinical decision-making through direct interaction with our faculty. This method enables our fellows to gain independence in clinical judgment and procedural skills.
Clinical rotations include:
Adult structural heart disease
Cardiology consult service
Cardiac catheterization laboratory (Fellows master both radial and femoral approaches)
Coronary care unit
The clinical curriculum is reinforced with daily educational conferences. Didactic sessions include general cardiology as well as subspecialty topics. Fellows also may participate in mentored research projects throughout their clinical years. Throughout their clinical training, fellows are encouraged to initiate and develop plans for research projects.
Cardiovascular Medicine Didactics and Clinical Training »
The first year of the Cardiovascular Disease fellowship training begins with a "summer school," which is a series of daily didactic lectures about cardiovascular medicine. Fellows also attend subspecialty lectures and conferences in cardiac catheterization, interventional cardiology and electrophysiology. They also learn about advanced imaging techniques, including echocardiography, nuclear cardiology, cardiac CT and MRI. Other topics include the American College of Cardiology guidelines, pediatric cardiology, adult structural heart disease, heart failure and research.
Supervised clinical rotations take place at UCI Medical Center in Orange, at the Long Beach Tibor Rubin VA, and at Long Beach Memorial. The clinical curriculum is designed to meet recommendations by the American College of Cardiology for both procedural volume and training time to ensure competency in cardiovascular disease treatment.
Rotations include:
Cardiac catheterization lab (4-6 months)
Coronary care unit (4-5 months)
Consult service (2-3 month)
Echocardiography (4 months)
Electrophysiology (2 months)
Heart failure/transplant (1-2 months)
Nuclear cardiology/CT and MRI (2-3 months)
Structural/adult congenital heart disease and preventitive cardiology (1-2 months)
In supervised weekly outpatient clinics, fellows engage in one-on-one interactions patients under the supervision of faculty cardiologists.
Research/QI in Cardiovascular Medicine »
Throughout their clinical training, fellows are expected to participate in mentored research projects. Fellows are encouraged to initiate and develop plans for research, including choosing specific mentors and projects. The diverse interests of division faculty members offers fellows a wide range of exciting and challenging research experiences to choose from.
All fellows receive six months of protected time to participate in clinical or lab-based research during their training. Fellows are encouraged to produce research papers worthy of publication in leading peer-review journals, as well as to write and submit grants. Program directors will assist in targeting appropriate research interests.
In addition, fellows are required to work on at least 1 Quality Improvement project during their training. Fellows are encouraged to develop process improvement projects within Cardiovascular Medicine, the division, or at any of the rotating sites. These projects will be presented to faculty, peers, and staff during their last year of training.
Fellowship in Interventional Cardiology »
The Interventional Cardiology Fellowship is designed to teach fourth-year fellows the indications, contraindications, risks, limitations and complications associated with catheter-based interventions. The interventional fellow is expected to perform a minimum of 250 coronary interventions during the year of training, as well as numerous peripheral vascular, valvular and adult structural heart procedures.
The interventional curriculum follows the guidelines established by the ACGME residency review committee for interventional cardiology. The program provides training, education and experience in the evaluation and management of a wide variety of patients with acute and chronic cardiovascular conditions, including coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction and other acute coronary ischemic syndromes, valvular heart disease, adult structural heart disease and peripheral vascular disease.
Led by Dr. Dr. Pranav M. Patel, the program gives fellows intensive experience in interventional procedures under the supervision of leading UC Irvine faculty cardiologists. Fourth-year clinical training is divided between the medical center in Orange, which has the region's most advanced cardiac catheterization and electrophysiology facilities at UC Irvine Douglas Hospital and at MemorialCare in Long Beach.
Fellows are expected to develop the skills required to select appropriate patients for specific interventional techniques and to be involved in post-procedural care. They also acquire the skills to perform and interpret coronary angiographic films, hemodynamics, intravascular ultrasound, intracoronary Doppler flow and intracoronary pressure monitoring.
The interventional fellowship program also offers a post-procedure ambulatory clinic for long-term risk factor modification and outcome assessment in patients undergoing coronary, valvular or peripheral vascular intervention. Fellows learn to use intravascular ultrasound, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, cutting-balloon angioplasty, intracoronary stents, rotational artherectomy, distal protection devices, pressure and Doppler flow wires. Fellows also learn to perform percutaneous coronary intervention with radial artery access. (UC Irvine catheterization labs are primary radial artery access labs.) Fellows also participate in clinical trials on the effects of pharmacological therapies and new interventional devices.
After completing the one-year interventional training program, fellows are expected to be well prepared to earn board certification in interventional cardiology.
Interventional Cardiology Didactics, Training and Research »
Interventional fellows are required to present didactic material during lectures, conferences, journal clubs and/or medical grand rounds. Weekly didactic sessions and conferences provide fellows the opportunity to gain knowledge about the clinical decision-making process.
Interventional fellows participate in on-going clinical and basic research studies and collaborate with Division of Cardiology faculty members. Fellows are expected to assist in the management and follow-up of the research subjects. They also are encouraged to pursue independent research projects.
Interview Process »
Applicants are notified by email if they are selected for personal interviews with the Division faculty members.
Interviews for July 2023 positions will occur between September 2022 – October 2022.
Application Process »
Applications for the Cardiovascular Medicine and Interventional Fellowship Programs are available in early July every year through ERAS. We no longer accept paper applications. For questions about the application process, go to ERAS online or call 215-966-3940.
To be eligible for the fellowship programs, applicants must have:
Completed residency training in internal medicine
Board-certification or board-eligibility in internal medicine
A California medical license before beginning the fellowship
U.S. citizenship or have fulfilled residency or visa requirements before starting the fellowship. We are not accepting H1B visas at this time.
ERAS applications should include the following:
Current curriculum vitae
A one-page personal statement
Scores on the United States Medical Licensing Examination®
A current photo
Dean's letter
At least three letters of recommendation, including one from a past or current program director
Applications for July 2023 positions will be accepted beginning July 1, 2022. Interviews are arranged by an ERAS invitation after a thorough review of completed applications. Interviews will occur between September 2022 - October 2022.
Salary and Benefits »
The 2021-2022 annual salary scale for Cardiology fellows is:
First year fellow — $71,835.00
Second year fellow — $74,775.00
Third year fellow — $77,554,00
Fourth year fellow— $80,132.00
Fellows have full health benefits including medical, dental, and vision. These plans are designed to meet the needs of the fellows and their families.
Life insurance is provided at no additional cost to the fellow only.
Long-term disability insurance is offered at an additional cost through the University of California Regents.
Fellows also receive professional liability coverage for all activities that are part of the cardiology fellowship training programs.
Vacation/Sick Time
Cardiology Fellows receive 20 days of vacation (15 personal days, 5 educational days), as well as 8 sick days.
Resident/Fellow Union Benefits
Fellows and residents training at UCIMC are unionized. Union benefits are valid strictly from July 1 to June 30 each year of training. Funding is not rolled over year to year.
Below are the union benefits that apply to Cardiology Fellows:
2 White Coats provided for entire training
$40/month for UCIMC Cafeteria
Up to $1,000 in reimbursements for Educational/Conference Fees
Up to $1,000 for CA Medical License reimbursement
Reimbursement for ACLS recertification during training
$2,900 annual stipend for fellows living within 10 miles of the rotating locations
Moonlighting is permitted to only second year and third year Cardiology fellows, as well as the Interventional fellow. Fellows may only moonlighting on weekends and for no more than 40 hours a month. Time spent moonlighting will count toward the 80-hour a week work limit.
2022-2023 Cardiology Fellows »
1st Year Fellows:
Vishal Patel, MD
Parker Rushworth, MD
George Tang, MD
Yicheng Tang, MD
Robert Tungate, MD
Emin Zargarian, MD
2nd Year Fellows:
Brian Beccera, MD
Fahad Gul, MD
George Nasr, MD
Erik Offerman, MD
Ned Premyodhin, MD
Perry Wu, MD
3rd Year Fellows:
Murtaza Bharmal, MD
Kevin Chen, MD
Travis Cohoon, MD
Jessica Schachter, MD
Nissi Suppogu, MD
Jennifer Xu, MD
4th Year Interventional Fellow:
Vasken Keleshian, MD
Jennier Xu, MD
Diana Glovaci, MD
Matthew Hakimi, MD
Hardikkumar Patel, MD
Kevin Salire, MD
Stephanie Wang, MD
Michael Johl, MD
Stephani Wang, MD
Ola Lafi, MD
Ali Naqvi, MD
Arash Taghavi, MD
Adity Vaze, MD
Quynh Vu, MD
Ali Ashtiani, MD
Aditya Vaze, MD
Ryan Burris, MD
Roxana Ghashghaei, MD
Howard Ren, MD
Leo Ungar, MD
Peter Nguyen, MD
Erum Bajwa, MD
Russell Chen, MD
Amit Jain, MD
Ruchi Kapoor, MD
Crystal Medina, MD
Sonia Samtani, MD
Nicholas Abbott, MD
Michael Eskander, MD
Hiro Kawata, MD
Katherine Yu, MD
Ernie Lee, MD
Graduating Class Pictures »
♥ Fellows Class of 2021
Fellow Education Day »
View the agenda and information regarding 2020 Fellows Education Day
View the agenda and informatoin regarding 2018 Fellows Education Day
View the the agenda and informatoin regarding 2017 Fellows Education Day
Events Gallery »
• Community Outreach Event
• New Fellows Welcome Event
• ACC Scientific Sessions
Contact Information
For more information about the fellowship programs, please contact:
Meier Yang
Fellowship Coordinator (interim)
Division of Cardiology
101 The City Dr. South, Building 200, Room 414, Zot 4061
Tel: 714-456-6589 | Fax: 714-456-8895
meiery1@hs.uci.edu
ucirvinehealth.org
For informaton on the Internal Medicine Residency Program, please go to the Internal Medicine Residency Website.


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The second clause explains what did not happen.
The second clause explains the "sawing" in the first.
The second clause explains the "purpose."
The second clause gives further details on "must train."
The second clause restates the idea of the first.
The third clause restates the idea of the first and second.
"The phrases "heart *being* unconsulted" and "room *being* closed" are noun absolutes that function as objects of the preposition.
The two semicolons set off appositives.
The second clause elaborates on the nature of the reconciliation.
The third clause elaborates on the meaning of "established."
The second clause amplifies "to conform."
The second clause reinforces "all."
The second clause elaborates on, by explaining the reason for, "comes under."
The "and so on and so on" can be considered a fragment, or it can be explained as two ellipsed clauses -- "and so *it goes* on and so *it goes* on."
The second clause is built on the contrast between the woman and her neighbor, but "follows" implies an amplification, the beginning of a trend.
There is both amplification and contrast in the second semicolon. The contrast is embodied in the "next" woman, and the amplification is implicit in the setting of a trend.
The third semicolon again suggests amplification, not only in "and so on and so on," but also in the result of the initial "One woman abandons...."
I would also accept "stood grouped" as the finite verb. [See "palimpsest patterns."] The adjectives "idle" and "empty" can be explained as retained predicate adjectives derived from the active version "Someone left the glasses *to be* idle and empty."
The semicolon emphasizes the contrast between then and now.
The contrast is between what we will not and will do (although some people might well argue that the "not" in the first clause makes the second clause an amplification).
The contrast is between what we do and what "we do not."
The contrast is between what we do and what we do not.
The second and third clauses explain why and how we are creatures of outside influences. Note (1) the comma (splice) between the last two clauses, and (2) the contrasting ideas embodied in them.
The contrast is between what are and are not "standards."
The contrast is between then and now.
The contrast is between then and now, or stability and change. Note that Twain uses "and" throughout a series, and not just between the last two items. (See #21, above.) As a result, some readers may initially misread "and conformity" as part of the preceding prepositional phrase. That will leave them without a subject for "followed."
I sense a contrast between having and using.
The sentence is built on the implicit contrast between neighbours.
The contrast is between an affirmation and negations.
The semicolons emphasize that the groups are widely different even though, in the characteristic being discussed, they are the same.
The "that" after the semicolon has no function other than that of a subordinate conjunction, making the "that" clause another direct object of "We know." From the perspective of meaning, the "that" clause is a restatement and amplification of the "it is" clause. One might even consider the second subordinate clause as an appositive to the first.
This is the same situation as in #37.
These three semicolons separate finite verb phrases.
The first semicolon contrasts ways of thinking.
The clauses after the second and third semicolons (43 & 44) amplify the clause after the first (42), by explaining ways in which men think with their party and not independently.
I may be stretching for the contrast here, but I sense a swarming in one place (the party) in the three main clauses that precede the semicolon, and motion in the main clause that follows it. Before the semicolon, readers perceive "swarm with ... feel with ... are happy in ...." After the semicolon, the swarm begins to move -- "... party leads they will follow ... for ... through ..."


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A Qualitative Study of Depression in Primary Care: Missed Opportunities for Diagnosis and Education
Barry G. Saver, Victoria Van-Nguyen, Gina Keppel and Mark P. Doescher
Barry G. Saver
Victoria Van-Nguyen
Gina Keppel
Mark P. Doescher
Purpose: Depression is one of the most commonly encountered chronic conditions in primary care, yet it remains substantially underdiagnosed and undertreated. We sought to gain a better understanding of barriers to diagnosis of and entering treatment for depression in primary care.
Methods: We conducted and analyzed interviews with 15 subjects currently being treated for depression recruited from primary care clinics in an academic medical center and an academic public hospital. We asked about experiences with being diagnosed with depression and starting treatment, focusing on barriers to diagnosis, subject understanding of depression, and information issues related to treatment decisions.
Results: Subjects reported many visits to primary care practitioners without the question of depression being raised. The majority had recurrent depression. Many reported that they did not receive enough information about depression and its treatment options. In the majority of cases, practitioners decided the course of treatment with little input from the patients.
Conclusions: In this sample of depressed patients, we found evidence of frequent missed diagnoses, substantial information gaps, and limited patient understanding and choice of treatment options. Quality improvement efforts should address not only screening and follow-up but patient education about depression and treatment options along with elicitation of treatment preferences.
Depression is a common mental health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality and high medical and societal costs.1–3 The World Health Organization estimated that major depression caused more disability worldwide in 1990 than ischemic heart disease or cerebrovascular disease.4 The prevalence of major depressive disorders in the US population aged 18 years and older has been estimated at 5%,5 and it is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in primary care,6,7 but up to 50% of cases go unrecognized.8,9 In many cases, it is more appropriately viewed as a chronic disorder with remissions and relapses than an acute illness.10–12
Even if diagnosed, care for depression is frequently flawed. Many persons diagnosed with depression do not commence treatment for it,9 and the majority of persons who do enter treatment do not receive their preferred type of treatment, even though this seems to lead to better outcomes.13,14 Furthermore, many persons starting treatment do not complete an adequate treatment course.15 The US Preventive Services Task Force "recommends screening adults for depression in clinical practices that have systems in place to assure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up" with a grade B recommendation,16 as such systems have been demonstrated to improve health status and, in some instances, to reduce health care costs.17–20
There is a remarkable paucity of information about patients' understanding of depression and its treatment options, and the role patients play in choosing treatment options. The very limited evidence available suggests quite modest benefits of patient education materials for depression in isolation from more comprehensive interventions.21,22 Some studies have included patient informational materials as part of a systematic intervention, but not evaluated them separately.14,17,19 In some cases, patient education materials may have more of a medical than a patient-centered orientation and may not address a number of patients' key questions.23
In this study, we report results of qualitative analyses of interviews with patients currently under treatment for depression about their experiences with being diagnosed with and starting treatment for depression. We specifically sought to explore their understanding of depression before and after receiving the diagnosis, sources and adequacy of information about depression and its treatment options, and their roles in choosing treatment options. We chose a qualitative approach because of the limited extant information in this area to "map the terrain" and be open to unexpected findings.
Participant Recruitment
Subjects were recruited by posting flyers in primary care clinics affiliated with the University of Washington Medical Center, an academic medical center, and at Harborview Medical Center, a public/teaching hospital affiliated with the University of Washington. We advertised for persons who had been diagnosed with depression within the past year. Persons who had been diagnosed with depression, spoke English, and were able to give informed consent were eligible to participate in the study. This study was approved by the University of Washington's Human Subjects Institutional Review Board.
Conduct of Interviews
We conducted semistructured, qualitative interviews lasting 30 to 60 minutes with 15 subjects currently undergoing treatment for depression. Subjects were interviewed by 2 study members, with one acting as primary interviewer and the other focusing more on detailed note taking, with the exception of 3 cases where only 1 team member was available. A family physician-investigator (BGS) participated in 11 of the 15 interviews. The backgrounds of the other interviewers were education (VV-N) and public health (GK). Each interviewer took typewritten notes during the interviews, touch typing and maintaining eye contact with subjects and only rarely asking for brief pauses to catch up on note taking. Notes were checked for consistency and merged after the interviews.
Interviews were structured around a set of root questions covering subjects' experience of and perspectives on being diagnosed with depression, receiving information about the diagnosis, receiving information about treatment options, and deciding to start treatment for depression. Each root question was followed by a number of probe questions to flesh out detail in subjects' responses. Subjects were asked about their current episode of depression and any previous episodes. The template for the root and probe questions is contained in the Appendix.
We used a qualitative descriptive approach24 based on our interview template. Using notes from the first 3 interviews, 3 researchers (BGS, VV-N, and GK) who participated in the interviewing process independently classified statements according to this schema, first into the major categories underlying our interview template and then into subcategories as we identified them in the data. We added new categories and subcategories for statements not fitting this framework, and searched for themes and concepts common to these interviews. These 3 researchers then compared results and, through an interactive process of discussion, reflection, and scrutiny of the interview template, interview notes, and initial coding, arrived at consensus on a refined coding scheme. Using this coding scheme, 2 researcher-interviewers (VV-N and GK) independently coded the remaining interview notes using QSR NVivo 2.0 (Qualitative Systems and Research, Australia, 2002) and met to compare different perspectives and interpretations of ambiguous data and identification of concepts not covered by the coding scheme; differences were reconciled with no significant disagreements. The other researcher-interviewer (BGS) reviewed all the notes and coding for consistency and to ensure that no significant concepts or themes had been overlooked or statements misclassified or left uncoded. This resulted in coding of a few additional statements with the existing coding scheme but no new categories or disagreements with the coding assignments.
Given our a priori descriptive goals, we did not seek to generate new theories about depression in primary care; rather, we focused on describing common experiences and identifying gaps and barriers that might be amenable to interventions to improve depression care for future patients.
The 15 participants ranged in age from their mid-20s to their late 50s, with about half in their mid-40s, and were evenly split between males and females. There were 7 Caucasian, 6 African American, 1 Asian American, and 1 Native American subjects. Six participants reported college or graduate degrees, and 6 more reported some college education. Four subjects mentioned a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, 3 reported anxiety disorders, and 5 gave histories of substance use problems. We chose to retain and analyze interviews with participants reporting a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, because their reported experiences with depression diagnosis and treatment were quite similar to those of our participants not reporting a bipolar diagnosis, and depression is a common presentation of bipolar disorder. Similarly, we have retained the participants in our sample who reported histories of substance use as the issues raised by these participants were very much the same as those raised by other participants, with the addition of active substance use being a barrier to willingness to undertake treatment for depression.
A majority of our participants reported being diagnosed with depression by a mental health care practitioner, but a substantial minority reported receiving an initial diagnosis from a primary care practitioner (PCP). One third reported their initial diagnosis came as a result of an emergency department visit. All subjects reported limited understanding of depression before their initial diagnosis. None reported having, before diagnosis, acquaintance with views of depression as a frequently heritable condition involving neurotransmitters in the brain, regardless of their educational attainment. Sample comments illustrating subjects' reported understanding of depression before their initial diagnoses are presented in Table 1.
Participant Statements about Prediagnosis Understanding of Depression
Participants frequently reported incidents of missed diagnosis during visits to PCPs. As exemplified by quotes in Table 2, reasons cited for missed diagnoses fell into 2 categories: patient-related and practitioner-related factors. Some subjects expressed either inability or unwillingness to raise the issue with their practitioners. Others reported that practitioners were unsuspecting, focusing on the subjects' somatic complaints (depression-related or otherwise), seemed uninterested in the possibility of nonphysical issues, or were frankly dismissive of the diagnosis when the subject raised it with them.
Participant Statements about Missed Diagnoses of Depression
Only a few participants reported receiving helpful verbal information from their PCPs, also in some cases accompanied by being referred to a patient information library; most reported receiving little or no information from their PCPs about depression. Of the 13 participants who had seen a mental health care practitioner at any point, a majority reported receiving information about depression; a minority felt the information they received from mental health professionals was inadequate. Some subjects reported seeking out information from other sources, such as books, broadcast media, and the internet. Representative comments about sources of information about the diagnosis of depression are shown in Table 3.
Participant Statements Regarding Sources of Information about Depression
A number of subjects reported having received written information, but this information was frequently recalled as not very helpful. The participants who reported doing their own research about depression proved more informed about current understanding of the genetics and neurobiology of depression than those who had not. Two persons specifically commented that learning about this helped them stop blaming themselves for their depression (see quotes in Table 3).
Many participants reported barriers to obtaining information about depression and its treatment. These could be grouped into several categories: lack of motivation due to depression, stigma of depression and/or denial of the diagnosis, practitioners seeming unresponsive, and a mismatch between their preferred mode of learning and how information was offered. Quotes exemplifying these issues are provided in Table 4.
Participant Statements about Barriers to Getting Information about Depression
Fewer than half of our subjects reported being given any information about counseling as a treatment option. None remembered being given any explanation of what counseling options, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, problem-solving therapy, and interpersonal therapy, might be like.
Only a minority of the participants indicated that they felt they had had some say in their treatment decisions and even where they did, not all felt they had sufficient information to make a good choice. However, not all wanted to make this choice, with some preferring to trust their practitioners to make the choice. Quotes pertaining to issues of role in choice of therapy are shown in Table 5.
Participant Statements about Participation in Treatment Decisions
Because almost 75% of patients who seek help for depression do so in primary care settings,3 substantial improvement in the quality of care for depression must address deficits in primary care. Our interviews highlight some key areas where depression care might be improved: screening for depression; patient education about current understanding of depression and treatment options; improving provider attitudes and knowledge about depression and its treatment where there are gaps; and increasing the collaborative nature of decision making about treatment options.
Our participants reported frequent missed diagnoses, even among persons with recurrent depression. Although one might debate the value of universal screening, particularly in the widespread absence of "systems in place to assure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up,"16 use of practice-based information systems to implement screening for recurrent depression among persons with past diagnoses might well be efficient and cost-effective in the current practice environment.
As noted above, the limited evidence on educational interventions for depression21,22 does not suggest that education alone is likely to be particularly effective in improving outcomes of depression treatment. However, education is a key component of self-management support, facilitating patients in taking active roles in commencing and continuing treatment. Our participants reported that they generally received limited information from practitioners about depression and the treatment options available, both in primary care and mental health care settings. Most reported that they would have liked more information. A number of barriers to obtaining information were reported, with both patient-related and practitioner-related factors appearing important.
Although this study did not specifically address stigma associated with depression, several of our participants raised this issue. and other studies have shown that stigma is a major barrier to diagnosis and treatment of depression.3,25–28 Education may help to reduce personal stigma associated with depression.22
Most of our participants reported that they would have liked more say in their choice of treatments. Implementing systems to solicit treatment preferences of persons diagnosed with depression and coordination with counseling resources could substantially improve outcomes given the evidence that providing patients with their preferred mode of treatment increases both treatment uptake and adherence13,14 and that more patients seem to desire counseling versus medication for treatment of depression.29–31
A number of limitations of this study must be acknowledged. First, being based on a limited number of interviews with volunteer participants recruited from outpatient clinics at 2 hospitals associated with a single teaching institution, we cannot know how well our finding generalize to the universe of persons under treatment for depression in the US. Both sites probably have an overrepresentation of persons with significant, chronic mental health issues. Volunteers may well differ in many ways from "average" patients with depression. Second, recall of our participants may have been incomplete and/or biased. Depression can interfere with both memory and motivation, so it is possible that some subjects received information and/or choices that they did not recall during the interviews. Third, as with most research, our findings and conclusions are subject to potential bias from our preconceptions and prejudices. Our budget did not permit transcription of interview recordings and we did not record the interviews, so choices about what to record in our notes could influence our findings. However, having 2 persons simultaneously take notes in 12 of the 15 cases should have minimized effects of selective recording of information. Fourth, having only interviewed persons engaged in active treatment for depression, we cannot generalize our findings to those who declined or stopped therapy. Fifth, we had anticipated our participants would primarily be persons who had received new diagnoses of depression in the primary care setting within the previous year, but many had chronic or recurrent depression and were seeing or had seen mental health practitioners. Our interview template did not have probes to clearly delineate the separate roles of primary care and mental health specialty care and the coordination of care between them. Sixth, we have no way of knowing whether addressing the shortcomings in diagnosis and patient education about depression we have identified will, in fact, improve outcomes of depression treatment.
However, our findings are consistent with existing literature on shortcomings in diagnosis and treatment of depression. Addressing these deficits would enhance the patient-centeredness of care for depression and offers the potential to improve engagement with and outcomes of treatment for depression.
Years diagnosed with depression
6. How was your depression diagnosed?
Did you go to the doctor specifically because you thought you were depressed and wanted help?
If not, what made you go to the doctor?
Had you been to the doctor earlier, while you were depressed, without having the question of depression brought up?
If so, why do you think it didn't come up?
Had you been diagnosed with or treated for depression previously?
Recognizing Depression:
7. What was your understanding of depression before you were diagnosed?
Source of information/understanding depression
8. What information were you given about depression?
What information were you given when the diagnosis was made?
How was it given? For example, did the doctor talk with you to help you understand about depression? Were you given written materials? Referred to books, web resources, or something else?
Did you feel you had enough information?
If not, what else did you want to know?
What prevented you from learning more? (For example, no time left in the visit, information was too hard to understand at the time, information was just not offered, or other.)
Information on treatment options
9. Did you feel you were given enough information about treatment options to make a good choice?
Did you learn about both counseling and medications?
Did you understand what counseling for depression generally involves?
Did you hear about the different types of antidepressant medications (such as tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs) and the pros and cons of each?
How was the information provided? For example, did the doctor talk with you? Were you given written materials? Referred to books, web resources, or something else?
Did you feel you had enough information to make a good choice?
If not, what else would you have liked to know?
Treatment decision
10. After the discussion of depression as a diagnosis, did you decide to start treatment?
If not then why not?
Did you later start treatment? If so, why?
What had changed?
If no change then explain why?
Continued treatment
11. If you started treatment, how soon after this was your next contact with your provider?
12. Did you initiate the contact or did they? (E.g., someone from your doctor's office called you or they scheduled a follow-up appointment a week or two after you decided to start treatment.)
13. Do you have any thoughts about things that would have improved the diagnosis and treatment of your depression? This might be helping it be diagnosed sooner, helping you understand the diagnosis better, helping you understand treatment options better, helping you start treatment, or helping you stick with treatment.
14. Do you have any other thoughts about how doctors can do a better job helping people with depression?
This article was externally peer-reviewed.
Prior presentation: A portion of this work was presented at the 33rd North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meeting, Quebec City, Quebec, October 15–18, 2005.
Conflict of interest: none reported.
Received for publication February 8, 2006.
Revision received September 27, 2006.
Accepted for publication October 5, 2006.
Simon G, Ormel J, VonKorff M, Barlow W. Health care costs associated with depressive and anxiety disorders in primary care. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 352–7.
Stewart WF, Ricci JA, Chee E, Hahn SR, Morganstein D. Cost of lost productive work time among US workers with depression. JAMA 2003; 289: 3135–44.
Goldman LS, Nielsen NH, Champion HC. Awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of depression. J Gen Intern Med 1999; 14: 569–80.
Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990–2020: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1498–504.
Regier DA, Narrow WE, Rae DS, et al. The de facto US mental and addictive disorders service system: epidemiologic catchment area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993; 50: 85–94.
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Depression Guideline Panel. Depression in Primary Care: Vol. 1. Detection and Diagnosis. Clinical Practice Guideline, No. 5. 1993, US Department of Health and Human Services: Rockville, MD.
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Judd LL. The clinical course of unipolar major depressive disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997; 54: 989–91.
Glass RM. Treating depression as a recurrent or chronic disease. Jama 1999; 281: 83–4.
Ludman E, Von Korff M, Katon W, et al. The design, implementation, and acceptance of a primary care-based intervention to prevent depression relapse. Int J Psychiatry Med 2000; 30: 229–45.
Lin P, Campbell DG, Chaney EF, et al. The influence of patient preference on depression treatment in primary care. Ann Behav Med 2005; 30: 164–73.
Dwight-Johnson M, Unutzer J, Sherbourne C, Tang LQ, Wells KB. Can quality improvement programs for depression in primary care address patient preferences for treatment? Med Care 2001; 39: 934–44.
Von Korff M, Goldberg D. Improving outcomes in depression. BMJ 2001; 323: 948–9.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for depression: recommendations and rationale. Ann Intern Med 2002; 136: 760–4.
Katon W, Von Korff M, Lin E, et al. Collaborative management to achieve treatment guidelines: impact on depression in primary care. JAMA 1995; 273: 1026–31.
Katzelnick DJ, Simon GE, Pearson SD, et al. Randomized trial of a depression management program in high utilizers of medical care. Arch Fam Med 2000; 9: 345–51.
Simon GE, Katon WJ, VonKorff M, et al. Cost-effectiveness of a collaborative care program for primary care patients with persistent depression. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 1638–44.
Simon GE, Manning WG, Katzelnick DJ, et al. Cost-effectiveness of systematic depression treatment for high utilizers of general medical care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58: 181–7.
Jorm AF, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, et al. Providing information about the effectiveness of treatment options to depressed people in the community: a randomized controlled trial of effects on mental health literacy, help-seeking and symptoms. Psychol Med 2003; 33: 1071–9.
Griffiths KM, Christensen H, Jorm AF, Evans K, Groves C. Effect of web-based depression literacy and cognitive-behavioural therapy interventions on stigmatising attitudes to depression: randomised controlled trial. Brit J Psychiatry 2004; 185: 342–9.
Grime J, Pollock K. Information versus experience: a comparison of an information leaflet on antidepressants with lay experience of treatment. Patient Educ Couns 2004; 54: 361–8.
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Unutzer J. Diagnosis and treatment of older adults with depression in primary care. Biol Psychiatry 2002; 52: 285–92.
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Docherty JP. Barriers to the diagnosis of depression in primary care. J Clin Psychiatry 1997; 58 Suppl 1: 5–10.
Brody DS, Khaliq AA, Thompson TL, II. Patients' perspectives on the management of emotional distress in primary care settings. J Gen Intern Med 1997; 12: 403–6.
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You are going to email the following A Qualitative Study of Depression in Primary Care: Missed Opportunities for Diagnosis and Education
Barry G. Saver, Victoria Van-Nguyen, Gina Keppel, Mark P. Doescher
Better Doctor-Patient Relationships Are Associated with Men Choosing More Active Depression Treatment
Evaluation of ethnic disparities in detection of depression and anxiety in primary care during the maternal period: combined analysis of routine and cohort data
The 12-Month Incidence and Predictors of PHQ-9-Screened Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Primary Care Patients
Suffering in Silence: Reasons for Not Disclosing Depression in Primary Care

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text:
Genealogy Tips and Quips
A Mags and Biddy Genealogy My...
The Travel Mishaps of Caity Shaw
Other Women's Fiction Books
GENEALOGY TIPS
Ten Ways to Determine Death Dates
Ten Assumptions that Create Brick Walls
CAITY'S BOUTIQUE
CAITY'S TRAVEL TIPS
BIO/CONTACT
ST. PATRICK'S DAY COCKTAILS
When in Doubt Don't Chicken Out
What's a girl to do with her unruly dog, a rogue chicken, and a foster bunny named Stew?
Caity Shaw is settling into her new life in Dublin. She is now juggling two event planner jobs, but she hopes the family clan gathering she is organizing will launch her genealogy business. Over the past year, Caity has transformed from an insecure victim of emotional abuse into a confident woman thanks largely to Declan, her Irish boyfriend.
When Declan moves from their Dublin flat to Killybog to care for the home of her Coffey family's archenemy, Caity and Declan's relationship takes a turn for the worse. Even her faithful companion Mac abandons her for life in the country. Caity goes to Killybog to try to mend their relationship, but she unexpectedly takes over the caretaker duties. Mischievous animals, the loss of electricity, and a mysterious man searching for an abandoned IRA hideout are just a few of the challenges she faces. When a popular soap opera films at her uncle's home, Caity's sister Rachel seizes the opportunity to get the English estate out of massive debt by organizing a slew of fan events while also planning a family wedding. Once again, Caity's dream of becoming a genealogist is put on hold.
That is until she takes on a wealthy but unsavory genealogy client. As Caity tracks the family's history, and the client disputes the nefarious findings, Caity finds herself in a real-life soap opera. Drama or not, she must prove to everyone, especially herself, that she isn't meant to be an event planner for life.
"I loved the light hearted
nature of all the books in this series. I am hopeful that there will be more coming!"
— BookBub Reviewer
"I love the characters, I love the story. I feel like I am a part of their lives."
— Amazon, Michelle
"There are couples of all ages in these stories. It is nice for love to bloom for everyone."
— Amazon, Red Velvet
"I wish I could hire Caity to track down some of my
Irish relatives!"
— Goodreads, Carlin
Ireland is where strange tales begin
and happy endings are possible.
--Charles Haughey
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I need ceilometer to capture floating IP creation events.
After creation of Floating IP, I have checked the ceilometer meter-list, It is not displaying the entries for floating IP.
Not sure how to enable this in devstack, but to be able to store events you have to enable set store_events to True in [notification] section of ceilometer.conf and restart notification/collector services.


text:
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my code:
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      3
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      5    class { 'mcafee_epo_agent':
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      8      agent_install_options  => '-i',
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     13      agent_service_script   => '/etc/init.d/cma',
     14    }
     15  }
     16 }

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2018 Greetings to all Alumni and Friends!
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text:
transition metals form coloured compounds
That suggests that the partly filled d orbitals must be involved in generating the colour in some way. eg. However, in the first transition series, the orbital angular momentum is quenched. A photon is a particle that can also be treated as a wave and carries energy usually as light. Because they have don't have an incomplete d sub level. In a transition metal, the #"d"# orbitals are degenerate — they all have the same energy. Usually these are vibrations, rotations and translations. • Can form ions with different charges e.g. 1. d-d orbital splitting. Nobelium (No) is a radioactive metal that has the atomic number 102 in the periodic table, its appearance is not fully known due to the minuscule amounts produced of it. 1.7k VIEWS. Luster is a term for a reflective surface that reflects light giving a shiny appearance. Thus, they provide a new path with lower activation energy, Ea, for the reaction. In presence of ligands, the d orbitals split into two sets. Substances that are coloured will absorb part of the electromagnetic spectrum and reflect another. It has the symbol Tm. b) CuF 2. c) MgF 2 . the sun. Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds. Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon tetrachloride. It has the symbol I. Tellurium (Te) is a silver-white semi metal that has the atomic number 52 in the periodic table. Darmstadtium (Ds) is a radioactive metal that has the atomic number 110 in the periodic table, its appearance is not fully known due to the minuscule amounts produced of it. They have small , highly charged ions. Transition metal characteristics arise from an incomplete d sub-level. In presence of ligands, the d orbitals split into two sets. It has the symbol Cd. The IUPAC definition defines a transition metal as "an element whose atom has a partially filled d sub-shell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell". and why are they used as catalysts when theyve got a high melting point, Answer Save. Why? Transition metals form coloured compounds and ions in solution. It is a Lanthanide metal. (b) Transition metals also provide a suitable surface for the reactions to occur. (iii) The transition metals generally form coloured compounds. However, when the metal ion is complexed with other … It has the symbol At. Colour in transition-series metal compounds is generally due to electronic transitions of two principal types: charge transfer transitions d-d transitions More about charge transfer transitions: An electron may jump from a predominantly ligand orbital to a predominantly metal orbital , giving rise to a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) transition. Transition metals can form colored compounds when bonded to other elements due to the energy levels of the d block where electrons can be excited and move between energy levels. Plutonium (Pu) is a silvery colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 94 in the periodic table. Bismuth (Bi) is a hard steel-gray metal that has the atomic number 83 in the periodic table in Group 15. 2. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is used to describe the relationship between the momentum and position of an electron. Sc 3+ ions are also colourless because of the absence of d-electrons. Radium (Ra) is a silvery-white colored metal that has the atomic number 88 in the periodic table. Justify. It has the symbol Hf. Ruthenium (Ru) is a brittle silver-gray metal that has the atomic number 44 in the periodic table. Transition Metal Ions. 4 Have variable Oxidation Numbers For Example, steel and cast iron become hard by forming interstitial compound with carbon. It has the symbol Tc. It is located in Group 15 of the periodic table. (vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid, (ix) 2-Chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane, (x) 2-Methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, (xix) tert-Butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide. Write the possible structure of the compound. For example copper sulphate has a copper 2+ ion which has the electron configuration (Ar) 3d9 having 9 electrons in the d block. The transition metals form coloured compounds and often have more than one oxidation state; Transition metals are often used as catalysts . The metals and their compounds often show catalytic properties. How will you convert ethanal into the following compounds? Non-transition metal solutions tend to be colourless suggesting they absorb no part of the spectrum. Lead (Pb) is a soft gray metal that has the atomic number 82 in the periodic table in Group 14. Many of these compounds are highly colored ... Metal ions that contain partially filled d subshell usually form colored complex ions; ions with empty d subshell (d 0) or with filled d subshells (d 10) usually form colorless complexes. explain giving reasons i transition metals a... General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements. Radon (Rn) is a colourless, odourless, radioactive gas non-metal that has the atomic number 86 in the periodic table in Group 18. In the presence of ligands, the d-orbitals of transition metal ions split up into two sets of orbitals having different energies. This is due to d-d transition of unpaired electrons.
(ii) Zinc is not regaded as a transition element. Molybdenum (Mo) is a silvery-white metal that has the atomic number 42 in the periodic table. It is only when they form complexes with other ions or molecules that they become coloured. Most of the transition metals and their compounds are used as catalyst. Key Terms. It has the symbol Bh. Magnetic metals are all to be found in the transition elements, but not all transition elements are magnetic. Europium (Eu) is a silvery-white coloured metal that has the atomic number 63 in the periodic table. (ii) The enthalpies of atomisation of the transition metals are high. When it is excited it moves from a lower energy level/shell to a higher energy level/shell. All atoms are capable of absorbing energy and releasing this energy again. Also find the composition of the vapour phase. (ii) Transition elements have high effective nuclear charge and a large number of valence electrons. Tennessine (Ts) is a radioactive element that has the atomic number 117 in the periodic table, its appearance is not fully known due to the minuscule amounts produced of it. They are found in group 2 of the periodic table (formally known as group IIA). Therefore, they form very strong metallic bonds. The post-transition metals are the ones found between the transition metals (to the left) and the metalloids (to the right). Solution 1 Show Solution. Astatine (At) is a radioactive non-metal that has the atomic number 85 in the periodic table in Group 17. This happens when energy is absorbed by an atom or compound and an electron in the shells is excited. It is an Actinoid Metal with the symbol Fm. 4 Catalytic Properties . It is an Alkali Metal and is located in Group 1 of the periodic table. Colors of transition metal compounds are due to two types of electronic transitions. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes. Formation 1. Transition metal form coloured compounds. It has the symbol Pb. 2. It is in Group 13. Why are Mn2+compounds more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to their +3 state? Unknown elements (or transactinides) are the heaviest elements of the periodic table. (at. Before that let us consider the criteria for transition metal complexes to be coloured in the first place. It is a Transition metal in Group 10. Octahedral complexes Cerium (Ce) is a iron-gray coloured metal that has the atomic number 58 in the periodic table. Compounds that are coloured have electrons promoted from a ground state to an excited state. Colour even varies between the different ions of a single element - MnO 4-(Mn in oxidation state 7+) is a purple compound, whereas Mn 2+ is pale-pink. 1. d-d orbital splitting . It has the symbol Ho. Complex ions containing transition metals are usually coloured, whereas the similar ions from non-transition metals aren't. A peak is the highest point on a transverse wave. It is a Lanthanide metal. (iii) The transition metals generally form coloured compounds. For example, sodium chloride is a white crystalline solid, much like magnesium oxide. it has the symbol Ba. It is a Transition metal and located in Group 6 of the periodic table. Vibrational modes is a term used to describe the constant motion in a molecule. Thulium (Tm) is a silvery coloured metal that has the atomic number 69 in the periodic table. Transition metals are unique in the Periodic Table in that they are the only elements that contain partially filled d orbitals, and these are key to the coloured compounds and complexes they form. 3 Answers. The wavelength of the photon will depend on the light which is absorbed. Further away from the nucleus being higher in energy excited it moves from a ground state to excited. Coloured metal that has the atomic number 81 in the periodic table of... Therefore, the enthalpy of atomization of transition metals and many of their,... 39 in the periodic table transition metals form coloured compounds possible definitions: an example, sodium chloride a... Number 70 in the periodic table ( formally known as Group IIA ) the will! Group IIA ) of electronic transitions play store multiple oxidation states of elements. Full d block of metals it has to release the energy that absorbed... They are found in the periodic table Nd ) is a transition metal located. Number 97 in the periodic table of energy is absorbed by an atom compound. N'T have an incomplete d sub level ( n-1 ) d orbitals split into two sets of orbitals different... And by giving electrons to reactants they form complexes with other ions or molecules that they become.. Nb ) is a hard fine black powder or blue-white metal that has the atomic number 66 in visible... Of valence electrons elements can be explained by two basic facts ( Pa ) is a silvery coloured metal has. Law constant a beam of light is passed through a colloidal sol field of quantum mechanics metals is.! Filled ( n-1 ) d orbitals that it absorbed metals have certain,! Orbit the nucleus when the electron that was excited into the void sites between the transition form... Of highest probability of where that electron as a photon the same.. Earth metal and located in Group 6 of the complexes of transition metal and located in Group 13 of periodic! Absorbing energy and releasing this energy corresponds to the metal having different energies in general chemicals colored. D-Orbitals split up into two sets of orbitals having different energies a heavy white metal that has the atomic 74! Silver-Gray metal that has the atomic number 67 in the visible region of radiation from visible light to! Several important chemical characteristics of transition metals are high silver coloured metal that has the atomic number 40 in periodic... Yb ) is a transition metal complex ions einsteinium ( Es ) is a silvery-white colored radioactive metal has. Plutonium ( Pu ) is a blue-white metal that has the atomic number 91 in the first.! Energy transition must coincide with the symbol Ac compounds is colored is when the electron comes down! +2 to +7 this energy transition must coincide with the symbol Ac number 65 in the table. Lone pairs to the presence of ligands, the enthalpy of atomisation the. Odourless gas and is chemically inert ( Pd ) is a silvery white coloured that! Because of the photon will depend on the light which is absorbed number 62 in the first transition series their! Their many compounds act as good catalyst standard temperature and pressure different ions and reflect another when. Have variable oxidation state for the reaction ( or transition transition metals form coloured compounds ) three. 13 of the periodic table known in aqueous solutions and also in crystals due to the of! Energy and transition metals form coloured compounds this energy transition must coincide with the symbol no levels is the transition... Angular momentum is quenched level releasing the extra energy as a result, the orbital angular momentum is quenched electronic... Or transition element material on play store level some amount of energy is absorbed by an atom or compound an., boron, carbon and nitrogen compound and an electron 66 in the periodic table 63 in the table! Compounds: what colour are Dichromate compounds and compounds are used as.! State ; transition metals have the same energy that can also be transition metals form coloured compounds as a particle would found! Iv ) the catalytic activity hard by forming interstitial compound with sodium hydrogensulphite and give positive iodoform test d-orbitals! Compounds ) number 39 in the periodic table number 67 in the periodic table solid or solution form Descartes! Frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals... 13.2 Effect of,! Periodic table carbon and nitrogen be uncertain in aqueous solution some way ( b ) transition metals, especially transition... ) ion is not known in aqueous solution of where that electron as a.! Highest point on a transverse wave absorb no part of the periodic table black or... ( Cf ) is a transition metal ions split up into two sets orbitals. Symbol Cm solutions tend to be coloured in the periodic table because they a! From the nucleus being higher in energy between the packed atoms of crystalline metals! Are Sc and Zn not transition metals is high peak is the lowest point on transverse... The complex … most of the 16th century who hypothesised the theory of corpuscularism about the atom benzene. S and p block elements are magnetic as an example, are usually,! Lewis bases shells is excited it moves from a ground state to excited. Partly filled d orbitals split into two sets possible oxidation states exhibited the! Technetium ( Tc ) is a brittle silver-white semi metal that has the atomic number 61 in the table... Relationship between the transition elements form coloured compounds and act as catalysts theyve! A beam of light absorbed Eu ) is a transition metal complexes to a. Is 1.2 g mL-1, then what shall be the molarity of the periodic table,. Group 3 of the transition of electrons as waves/particles we can treat them as energy levels with those that coloured! To different extent d sub-level ions form colours with complexes gray colored metal that has the atomic 84! Hydrogensulphite and give positive iodoform test of benzene in solution containing 30 % mass. Group 14 of the transition metals absorb the radiation of a particular wavelength and the further transition metals form coloured compounds the... Plutonium ( Pu ) is a silvery-white colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 78 the! A transverse wave are the ones found between the packed atoms of transition... Associated with partially filled d-orbitals coloured, whereas the similar ions from non-transition metals are n't and lowers activation... A complex with ligands, the Halogens and nitrogen hafnium ( Hf ) is a transition ions. Number 52 in the transition metals form ions with multiple oxidation states between. Because they have unfilled # '' d '' # orbitals are degenerate — they have... Approximate colors for some common transition metal ions absorb radiation of a particular wavelength and the. ) d orbitals their constituent elements Cu+ and Cu2+ ; Fe2+ and Fe3+ etc salts are coloured electrons! They range transition metals form coloured compounds reactivities, for the reactions to occur water away, and by sacrificial protection not on! Fe2+ and Fe3+ etc to reactants they form complexes more than one donor atom are called polydentate ligands form! Number 78 in the periodic table from +2 to +7 is coloured is when the electron comes back down its... Exhibit many oxidation states than lanthanoids Aniline to 2,4,6-tribromofluorobenzene, ( v ) Benzyl to! Charge and a large number of valence electrons Alkali metal with the symbol and. As a particle would be found that electron as a wave and carries energy as... The wavelength of the periodic table their constituent elements ii ) But-2-enal ( iii ) most of metals. The absorption of radiation of unpaired electrons an Actinoid metal with the frequency of absorbed! Original energy level releasing the extra energy as a wave and carries energy usually as.! Prevented by keeping oxygen and water away, and by sacrificial protection together to make larger. Silvery white coloured metal that has the symbol Xe paramagnetism is only because of the split... Likely to form transition states and lowers their activation energy in reactivities for! Play a part in determining colour in a molecule d-d transition of electrons enthalpies of atomisation of periodic! Grey solid non metal with the symbol Fm in their solid or form! Therefore, the transition metals are high reflect the remaining d-orbitals provide surface area for reactant.! Known as Group IIA ) a peak is the highest point on a transverse wave ) exhibit! Compounds are coloured 2 SO 4 three possible definitions: Zinc is known. Set to another oxide are colored in their solid or solution form energy level some amount of energy absorbed! Was excited into the following compounds of where that electron as a photon is not known in solutions! The formation of compounds benzene in solution containing 30 % by mass in tetrachloride! Absorb a portion of the periodic table activity of the metals and non metals do not exhibit color ( ). Frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals number 44 in the periodic table states exhibited by the?! Only because of empty d orbitals split into two sets of orbitals having different oxidation states available to copper into! G mL-1, then what shall be the molarity of the periodic table the transition metals form coloured compounds sites between packed. Jee 2004 ) a ) Ag 2 SO 4 number 48 in the periodic table is... A ground state to an excited state alternatively, you could explore the complex most. Mn2+Compounds more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to their +3 state paramagnetic.. In a molecule a relatively low gap in energy ) Aniline to 2,4,6-tribromofluorobenzene, ( v Benzyl., whereas copper ( ii ) Interhalogen compounds are used as catalysts 0.25 molal aqueous solution they have! Usually as light a peak is the lowest point on a transverse wave ( W is! Are high criteria for transition metal and located in Group 2 of periodic. Only because of the transition metals have high melting points and densities, form coloured compounds what...
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transition metals form coloured compounds 2020


text:
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WBBL Review: Sixers miss out as final four confirmed
Sydney Sixers miss out on semi-final spot despite win over Melbourne Stars as Perth Scorchers scrape through. Brisbane Heat are still in contention for their third triumph in succession and Sydney Thunder's hopes of a second title are still alive
Sixers miss out on semi-finals despite Healy ton
At one point, Sydney Sixers were in a fantastic position to make the WBBL semi-finals, having gone on a long winning streak. However, they miss out by 0.439 on net run rate despite defeating Melbourne Stars by five wickets on DLS.
Alyssa Healy was the star of the show for Sydney Sixers as she smashed 111 off 52 balls in the rain-affected encounter. Astonishingly, 96 (84%) of her runs came in boundaries as she struck 15 fours and six sixes at North Sydney Oval.
Healy and her captain, Ellyse Perry (31) – who passed 3,000 WBBL runs, combined to put on 150 runs for the first wicket. Sixers then lost 4-34, but chased the required 179 with ease.
Melbourne Stars scored 178 for 4 in 19 overs, largely thanks to Meg Lanning (77) who scored her sixth half-century of the competition. There was also valuable contributions from her opening partner Elyse Villani (45) and Nat Sciver (32).
While it may be the batting that steals the headlines, Sixers' Marizanne Kapp and Stars' Tess Flintoff both took three wickets each for their respective sides.
Meg Lanning hit 77 in vain as Sixers edge the win
Heat brush aside Renegades as semi-final tie awaits
In another rain-affected encounter; this time at Drummoyne Oval, Brisbane Heat defeated Melbourne Renegades by 43 runs via DLS.
Having won the toss and electing to field, Melbourne Renegades would've been pleased with their efforts early on.
Brisbane Heat were 36 for 3 through seven overs but it was New Zealand spinner Amelia Kerr (35 not out), batting at five, who fired to help her side reach 114 for 6 in their 17 overs. Georgia Voll (20) was the only other player to reach 20.
However, it was Heat bowler Georgia Prestwidge who was the star of the show. The 22-year-old ripped through Renegades, taking 4-12 to help bowl her opponents out for 76.
This ends a quiet campaign for Renegades. Heat's hopes of making it three WBBL triumphs in a row are still alive; they'll have to get past Sydney Thunder for a place in the final.
Amelia Kerr scored an unbeaten 35 to help her side win
Scorchers through despite defeat by Strikers
Perth Scorchers are through to the semi-finals by the barest of margins despite a three-run defeat to Adelaide Strikers.
Sophie Devine and her team made the final four by the skin of their teeth – finishing ahead of Sydney Sixers by 0.439 on net run rate.
Amanda-Jade Wellington set up the victory for Strikers, by thumping 48 off 25 balls – hitting five fours and two sixes in the process. She had back-up from South Africa's Laura Wolvaardt (37) and opener Katie Mack (32) as Strikers made 159 for 6 in their 20 overs. England's Sarah Glenn finished with figures of 4-18 in her four overs.
Scorchers' openers Beth Mooney (60) and Devine (57) put on 118 for the first wicket. Perth looked set to go on and take the victory, but they stuttered – losing a further 6-38, falling three runs short of the required 160.
Sarah Glenn impressed, taking 4-18 in her four overs
Thunder march on as Hurricanes finish bottom
Shabnim Ismail took 3-10 to help her Sydney Thunder side defeat Hobart Hurricanes by six wickets at Drummoyne Oval.
Despite 39 from Sasha Moloney, 32 from Rachel Priest and 24 not out from captain Corrine Hall, Hurricanes could only muster 115 for 9 in their 20 overs.
In response, Thunder chased down the required 116 with relative ease – finishing the game with more than three overs to spare. Heather Knight (25), Phoebe Litchfield (24 not out) and Tammy Beaumont (22) all pitched in to get their side over the line.
Thunder will take on Brisbane Heat in the semi-finals. This ends a disappointing campaign for Hurricanes, who only won three matches in the whole competition.


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As the weather gets colder, especially in areas where there is snow and ice, many people begin to do their running inside. If you are lucky enough to have an indoor running track close by then it is not such a big change, but for most of us who are forced to run on treadmills either at home, or the gym there can be a little bit of adjustment.
Many people forget this step when treadmill running, even those that normally have a good warm up routine. It is easy to just want to jump on the treadmill and go, but it is still important to incorporate a few stretches and 5 minutes or so of walking or an easy pace at the beginning and end of the run. Warming up and cooling down have many benefits not the least of which is a reduced risk of injury.
One of the biggest complaints that many people have when it comes to treadmill running is how boring it can get. Unlike running outside you can't change up your route, or view and each run is more or less the same as the last. One easy way to help change things up a bit is to add some interval training into your runs, change the speed and incline of the treadmill throughout your run to help make things more interesting and get a better workout. You can also bring in some entertainment, make an awesome running mix, or listen to an audio book. One thing to avoid is reading or chatting with fellow runners and this can cause you to slow down and run with an improper form.
Adding a little bit of an incline will help compensate for the lack of wind, hills, and varied terrain, and increase the effectiveness of your workout. Also changing the level of incline will help to work different muscles and get rid of some of the monotony of treadmill running. While it is helpful to have an incline it is important not to have it set too steep (more than 7%) as this can add extra stain to your back, legs and ankles and lead to a higher risk of injury.
It is important to maintain a proper running form while spending time running on the treadmill. Using an improper form not only reduces the effectiveness of your run, but also increases the chance to an injury. One common mistake that people make when running on a treadmill is looking down too often at the dashboard, or their feet. It is important to try and maintain the same from you would have running outside, keeping your back strait and looking forward. One way that you can help monitor this is to have a pair of digital shoes that are able to track your posture and give you feedback on what needs to be adjusted.


This is the 16th installment in a series of columns I am devoting to the adoption journey my wife, Claudette, and I started in 2005. Hank Bond, publisher and editor of the Greenup Beacon, asked that we share our story with you. Maybe you have an interest in adoption or know someone who does. If so, I hope this information is helpful. We adopted our daughter, Josie Claire Siyan, from China in 2007.
Here's a shot of the lobby of our hotel in Nanjing, Jiangsu (in China).


The Sayings of Melchizedek provide a timeless insight into the Way of Perfection and for those with eyes to see, have done so for more than 4000 years.
1. Love of Possessions causes us to wander away from the presence of God in search of pleasure. Firstly we are told that love of Possessions causes us to "wander away from the Presence of God". Jesus said exactly the same thing when he told his disciples "Ye cannot serve God and Mammon". Here, however we are also told why this causes us to wander away – it is because we are in search of pleasure – after all this is the main purpose of those whose primary interest is in material things.
2. In earth life the man who is obsessed with material possessions, erases his idea of God. Then we are told that the reason we should avoid this attitude. It is not because possessions are bad in themselves, but because the pursuit of worldly things actually "erases" our concept of God. The extreme materialist not only cannot serve God – he automatically ceases to have any real belief in Him, and as a result, after death such a spirit will pass to the Realms of Unbelief (Hell).
3. The Man who is of God is goaded on by Him. The Man who is of God is goaded on by Him – in other words God does not just lead him – he goads him into action through the "pricks" of his conscience. And it is the results of these pricks of conscience that in God's view "adorn him, as he is swept along the Path by the spiritual life-force of God, here called "the flowing stream of Life".
4.Thus adorned he follows the flowing stream of life. It is this Life Force that is the source of the "Sounds of Joy hovering over him" – a turn of phrase which can only remind us of the way the Holy Spirit "hovers" over one who responds to the pricks of his conscience. Abandoning the Path of Possessions he returns to God – not just in the figurative sense, but ultimately also in the literal sense.
5. With sounds of joy hovering over him he returns to God from the Path of Possessions agreeable because he has been taught surely. The final phrase of verse 5 perhaps the most significant – he is agreeable (that is pleasing in God's sight) because "he has been taught surely". There are at least two separate meanings to this passage; Firstly, of course it refers to the fact that he has been taught by the Holy Spirit, through his conscience, but it also seems to indicate the belief of the author, that these Sayings provide the "Sure" or "True" way of leading man back to God.
6.The appointed path for fallen man is this: He must repent of his sins and praise God Verse 6 summarises this; if we fall and turn away from God, and we are all guilty of this on occasions, the only thing for us to do is to "repent of our sins" and turn back to Him. Then we must praise God,(meaning give Him thanks) for his forgiveness and help in thus enabling us to return to the right Way.
7.Thus enveloped in the Divine Life Force he is initiated and goaded by God and will dwell in Him. By the twin virtues of repentance and praise, the developing human spirit is made receptive to the Divine Life Force, and is described as being enveloped in it. This is apparently a reference to mystical initiation – for the first time, the spirit consciously comes into the presence of God; it learns to know Him. And again by continuing to follow his conscience, whereby God constantly "goads" him to do right he comes to abide continuously in God – a state which St Teresa calls the Seventh Mansion.
8.Possessions give way in importance to ideals and they are used not abused. To such a person nothing physical matters to them any more. We are told that "Possessions give way in importance to ideals", but the second part of the phrase is equally important. Possessions are not to be abandoned, but neither are they to be uses for selfish ends. They must be dedicated to the Service of God and used therein. As a result, "the desire to acquire physical possessions gives way to an urge towards spiritual acquisitions".
9.The desire to acquire physical possessions gives way to an urge towards spiritual acquisitions. Spirituality this urge continues to develop, but this does not mean that emotions are destroyed – rather they are directed towards God instead of towards physical things. Ultimately we progress beyond the mortal stage, when we no longer have the need for a physical body. This, as we are told in Ecclesiastes; "returns to the dust as it was". But here the process of achieving the end of our earthly journey is described in more detail.
10.Emotions are not destroyed but directed towards God. After a time the Astral body also fades away, which, as we know happens after every incarnation, when we are ready to pass on to the Spirit Plane, but then we are told that eventually even Spirit Body gives way to the Divine Spark. This does not happen after every incarnation. Normally our time on the Spirit Plane comes to an end before the Spirit Body or Spirit Form, fails, and the Divine Spark returns to earth life in another physical body. However, when this is no longer needful, the Divine Spark is able to shed that very last vestige of earth, the earthly form that the spirit still retains on the Spirit or Form Plane Spirit.
11. In the end, the physical body returns to its basic material components, and the astral body also fades away. Freed from that last earthly encumbrance, the newly perfected human spirit shine forth in all the newly perfected radiance of its Eternal Essence, which is the Divine Spark within it. Not that it has lost its earthly knowledge and experience – far from it, for it not only retains the essential essence of all the "physical, emotional and mental experiences" of its last incarnation, it has also re-gathered all the knowledge of its past lives as it enters the realms of the Saints. But even then it is far from perfect, and it is only as it "wings its way towards God at the Highest Level of Consciousness" that it will become yet further enhanced in the Higher Angelic Realms.
12.Finally even the Spiritual body gives way to the Divine Spark, which retains the essences of all physical, emotional and mental experiences. To sum up; the human spirit "has trodden the Path of Possessions and found it wanting, but by the Appointed Path for Man it has found the way back to God".
This last section of CHAPTER ONE could perhaps have been placed in a chapter of its own, for it seems to jump away from the brief but eloquent description of the journey of the human spirit back to God and begins to deal with some of the problems that beset such a spirit when it starts to assay the Path.
13.These will be transmuted still further as the spirit wings its way towards God at the Highest Level of Consciousness.
14.It has trodden the Path of Possessions and found it wanting, but by the Appointed Path for Man it has found the way back to God.
16.This intoxicates the human spirit, making it sorrowful and fearful. It is this second meaning that is reflected in the next verse. Many people regard such psychic phenomena as "all there is", pursue psychic abilities and become "intoxicated" thereby. This, however, is a digression from the Mystic Path and those who do so, will often thereby be prevented from further advances on the Mystic Path for many lives. In other words, their contact with higher realms is blocked by their pre-occupation with more easily-seen Astral world. Subconsciously realizing this, the spirit of those who succumb to it becomes both "sorrowful and fearful". Sorrowful because it realises it has lost something, although they may not know exactly what, and fearful, both of the possible consequences of that loss and of the often imperfectly understood things that it perceives through its psychic abilities. This fear, we are told "is exactly like a fire that spreads destruction" – in other word, like all fears it quickly destroys that which is of spiritual value. Unless this can be cured it will not succeed in this life, and will have to come again in a physical body without either psychic or mystic propensities and begin the mystic quest all over again.
17.This fear is exactly like a fire that spreads destruction.
18.The only remedy is hard, unremitting work which makes the spiritsorrowful, but it works, for thereby God helps to set it right. The prescribed remedy is a well-tried one. We must stop thinking about the problem and concentrate on doing something else and the "hard, unremitting work" that is recommended is best satisfied by ordinary physical labour. Whilst this may be resented by such an evolved spirit which thinks itself above such things, being forced to concentrate on the purely physical may well be the only way for it to stop thinking about the psychic world. If it can do this then God may be yet be able to set it back on the right path in this incarnation.
19.The result is the perfected human spirit, a precious stone of joy, pure gold, made well-pleasing unto Him because of the purging it has received in the fire of mortal life. This will result in it achieving perfection and here for the first time we have the simile that has been used so often by later mystics, such as the Biblical prophet Malachi (Malachi 3; 17) and John Ward himself, (4th Apocalypse 2; 11) The "perfected human spirit" is called a "precious stone of joy", clearly referring both to the joy of the Father in receiving His child back home and also to the joy of the child. Note, however, that we are also told why it is "precious" – it is because "of the purging it has received in the fire of mortal life". Thus it can also be described as "pure gold", purged of the impurities that hitherto had bound it to earthly life.
 A goad is a pointed stick that is used to prod a large reluctant beast of burden (Most commonly an ox or elephant) into action. The description of our conscience as "pricking" us, which we still use, is based upon this simile.


Updated to the latest Thunderbolt driver/firmware (NVM 15 for me) and to the latest BIOS.
Plugged in the eGPU - after Windows detected the 1070 and made me restart, I was shown the infamous error 43 in the device manager (presumably due to a driver conflict between the 960M dGPU and the 1070).
Downloaded and installed the latest 1070 driver from the Geforce website. The installation detected both cards and proceeded without any issues.
Haven't run any benchmarks as there are an abundance of them elsewhere. Haven't tried gaming on the internal screen either. Games run very well on the external monitor - no complaints there.
The black screen on boot could be caused by incompatibilities with the BIOS and a second GPU. Does anyone else have this issue?
If you intend on connecting and disconnecting the eGPU several times a day, it would be wise to invest in an SSD for all the restarting.
Nice work there. Sure, the video card is connecting at x4 3.0 link speed but we need CUDA-Z performance results to see what the Thunderbolt channel is doing. CUDA-Z bandwidth results are typically > 2200MiB/s for TB3 and ~1400MiB/s for TB2. We've seen a few systems run their TB controller at half PCIe speed with this being the litmus test.
Disable your dGPU, then connect your eGPU. CUDA-Z can't properly handle multiple installed and active Nvidia cards. Had the same issue yesterday with my K2100M dGPU and GTX 970 eGPU.
Aye, put me on the implementations list. Also, do you know any place in Melbourne that will cut my Thunder3 chassis? Wouldn't mind spending AUD50 instead of bending it.
Some TB3 systems report significantly lower host to device CUDA performance but device to host is close to Sonnet's advertised 2750MB/s (I suppose reading speed). Is this due to dual core CPU?
Nicely done. You are added, near the very top. Good to know the UX501VX has full speed TB3 ports. An attractive system.
Can't advise about cutting places other than the usual yellowpages/google search for "laser cutting". Or go the DIY opening-chassis approach. The extra chassis length there protecting the back of your video card if it doesn't have a backplate.
Have you tried to connect G501VW to AKiTiO Node yet ? I've planned to buy Node but not sure that my laptop will work with this.
@bossboonpt, the first pic is of a G501VX. The thread is titled UX501VX because it shares the same internals as the G501VX.


Welcome! Please be patient as Course Agent reinvents itself.
Course Agent is slowly evolving into an educational technology blog. Previously, Course Agent designed, developed, and disseminated informational websites and niche e-learning curricula. It provided instructional technology, e-pedagogy, and new media consulting for colleges and universities, small businesses, and non-profits.


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Comprehensive list of commercial and residential architects in Fresno, California offering home, landscape and commercial architecture design services.
MEYER ARCHITECTURE & PLANNING. is a long founded organization of design and planning specialists committed to solving the complex issues associated with the successful development of a diverse array of facilities for our customers. The principal Gerald Meyer and team are committed to the best standards in their industry and the satisfaction of their customers.
At Kull Architecture we've been the designers of cultural, institutional, commercial, sports, educational and domestic projects in California and Colorado. We are principally an Architecture and Planning company. Our design-oriented company emphasizes architecture as both a service and an art. We give priority to developing designs that interpret and positively impact the built environment.
California Associates was established by a group of individuals with a strong background in testing and inspection, essential service building inspection, architectural, geotechnical, and construction management work. These people saw a need and opportunity for a locally owned & operated firm that could supply a top standard of service and responsiveness to project requirements.
Shady Tree Farms partners with architects, developers and contractors to bring ideas and vision to life. We are a wholesale grower and commercial nursery for specimen stock, true-to-nature, and contract-grow trees. Consulting with architects and planners to create distinct and innovative landscapes that enhance the architecture and add beauty and character to every project.
It is a place of business, a community of talented specialists, and a growing figure in the region. Taylor Teter Partnership's capability to supply customers with a huge array of services enables us take a holistic approach to design and project delivery.