text:
Low-Carb Diets and Population Health – Where Do We Stand?
Published on 26th August 2018
The ongoing low-carb vs. low-fat debate continues to dominate many nutritional discussions, just last week we saw the headlines were in a frenzy about carbs and our health! These discussions can be very heated and polarising, so I love this guest blog by Alan Flanagan (A.K.A. The Nutritional Advocate) which takes a close look at the evidence as to whether low-carb diets are helpful or harmful for population health.
Alan is a lawyer and nutritionist based in Dublin, Ireland. In addition to his legal practice, Alan has finished a Masters in Nutritional Medicine at the University of Surrey. Alan combines an investigative and logical approach to nutrition with advocacy skills to translate the often complicated world of nutrition science, and is dedicated to guiding healthcare professionals in evidence-based nutrition.
Recently, a narrative has emerged which places dietary carbohydrate and sugars as Public Enemy No.1 for the epidemic of diet-related chronic lifestyle diseases – in particular obesity and type-2 diabetes – currently facing public health. This has not just been in the realm of social media, but has emerged within medicine. In 2016, the National Obesity Forum Report published in association with the low-carbohydrate advocacy group, the Public Health Collaboration, entitled 'Eat Fat, Cut the Carbs, and Avoid Snacking to Reverse Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes', made several statements in favour of low-carb, high-fat [LCHF] diets, including:
1. That LCHF diets are superior to low-fat diets for weight loss;
2. That refined carbohydrate and dietary sugars are uniquely responsible for chronic lifestyle diseases;
3. That public health guidelines should recommend a LCHF diet (1).
A number of issues arise from these positions, not least in that they are often presented in dogmatic manner, and create an extreme and polarizing view of nutrition and public health. Let's look at each in turn.
1. Are LCHF Diets Superior to Low-Fat Diets for Weight Loss?
This contention has been subject to a level of scrutiny that not many areas of nutrition science have. The hypothesis that LCHF diets are superior to low-fat diets [LFD] was generated largely from earlier trials showing significantly greater weight loss from LCHF diets over short-term periods of 12-weeks to 12-months (2).
However, many of these trials did not compare like with like, by failing to match dietary protein intake between diets (3-4).
This is important, as when people undertake low-carb diets, this is usually replaced with protein, yet protein is the most satiating macronutrient and induces significant diet-induced thermogenesis (i.e. a quarter of all protein intake is burned off as heat in the process of digestion) (2). This adds a significant metabolic advantage, which has underscored the suggestion of superiority of LCHF diets. For example, in two meta-analysis which appeared to find superiority of LCHF diets, the average protein intake in the LCHF groups was 30-35% of energy, compared to 15-18% in the LFD groups (3-4).
In recognition of this significant confounder, more recent evidence has compared LCHF to LFD with protein intake matched between diets, finding no difference in weight loss (5-10).
In fact many of the metabolic benefits are related to the increase in dietary protein, not the lowering of carbohydrate per se (8).
A recent comprehensive meta-analysis of controlled feedings studies comparing the effects of diets containing equal calories protein, but differing in the ratio of carbohydrate to fat, appears to have determined this issue (6). With total energy and protein matched between diets, even extreme variance in the balance of carbohydrate to fat made no difference to weight loss (6). While these were metabolic ward studies, and arguably lack real-world relevance, the recent DIETFITS study confirmed these findings. In this randomized controlled trial in free-living subjects counselled to either a lower carbohydrate or lower fat diet, with protein intake averaging 20% between groups, there was no significant difference in weight loss (5). Of particular note, diet quality was a major emphasis in both intervention diets, with a focus on minimally processed whole food choices in both diet patterns (5).
While a reduction in overall carbohydrate quantity is important if the diet is defined by refined intake and added sugars, this can be achieved by addressing diet quality as wholegrain and high-fibre carbohydrates have substantial evidence of benefit to health, including improving blood lipids, and increasing insulin sensitivity (11-15). And this is a particularly important point, as many low-carb advocates advocate intakes in the range of <15% energy (16).
However low-carb diets can cause high-fibre, wholegrains, and unrefined complex carbohydrates to be displaced from the diet.
Therefore a low-carb diet can often become high in animal fat and low in micronutrients and antioxidants (17-18). The question thus begs, why restrict carbohydrate intake in such an extreme way? The proposed model behind the diets superiority, the "carbohydrate-insulin" model of obesity, has been tested and disproven (6, 9-10). The reported superiority 'in the field' compared to LFD is also an oversimplification as a wide variety of response to either diet pattern is evidence from the literature, and a more flexible LFD may be just as effective (5, 19).
Graph representing differences in weight loss on a LCHF or LFD from the DIETFITS Study (Gardner). The mirror-image contrast is striking, indicating both inter-individual differences in response to diet, and lack of superiority of one diet over the other.
Therefore, emphasizing superiority of LCHF diets not only misleads healthcare professionals but creates a barrier to the effective counselling of patients towards improved diet quality. And given that diet quality can be a driver of diet quantity (17), this is problematic.
Summary: When protein intake is matched, studies have found no significant difference in weight loss when low-carb high fat diets (LCHF) are compared with low fat diets. There is good evidence that improving carbohydrate quality is important for our health, this can be done by reducing the intake of sugar and increasing the intake of wholegrains. But LCHF diets can often cause an unhealthy balance which is low in fibre, high in fat and low in vitamins and minerals.
2. Are Refined Carbohydrates and Sugar Responsible for Chronic Lifestyle Diseases?
Before looking at the role of refined carbohydrate [hereafter simply 'sugar(s)' for ease of reference], it can be helpful to understand the mechanisms through which cardiometabolic risk is increased in response to sugar intake. Primarily, sugars increase circulating triglycerides, an effect noted from high sugar intake in both the fasting state and after a meal (20). This increase in circulating triglycerides influences, and is in turn influenced by, the accumulation of liver fat, which causes insulin resistance in the liver and an overproduction of VLDL-cholesterol (21). After a meal, insulin resistance in the liver and in adipose tissue leads to increased circulating levels of free fatty acids, which in turn upregulates the synthesis of new triglycerides, and causes impaired clearance (22;23).
Therefore, sugar intake can cause an increase in triglyceride levels after a meal due to increasing triglyceride synthesis in the liver, and impairing triglyceride clearance, both of which are strongly influenced by a fatty liver.
This is central to the cardiometabolic risk of dietary sugars, as impaired triglyceride metabolism is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease through driving alterations in blood cholesterol, in particular small, dense LDL subparticles (21).
However, this is merely the mechanistic understanding of how sugars may increase risk – the relevant question is to what degree these effects occur through the habitual diet.
To answer this, we need to look at controlled feeding studies and then compare them to population levels of consumption. In a trial which compared diets containing either 25% energy from fructose or 25% from glucose, the fructose diet increased visceral fat deposition and abnormal lipid levels in the blood, but this was not observed in the glucose diet despite similar weight gain between the groups (24). A further study by the same group comparing 145g fructose, 79g high-fructose corn syrup [HFCS], and 145g glucose found significant increases in cardiometabolic risk factors from HFSC and fructose-sweetened beverages, but no effect from glucose-sweetened beverages (25).
These studies have pointed to a uniquely problematic health effect of fructose and refined sugars, however, let's take a pause and question the real-world validity of the findings. The first thing to note is that pure fructose does not exist in the UK food supply [nor does HFCS], sucrose is the primary added sugar used in the food supply, and sucrose is a disaccharide made up of 50:50 fructose and glucose. Studies using the pure monosaccharide fructose in feeding trials show a dose-response to adverse effects on blood cholesterol levels, with 50g per day increasing triglyceride levels after a meal, while 100g per day increases plasma circulating triglycerides (26). Given sucrose is a disaccharide, to achieve these levels of pure fructose intake would require consumption of either 100g or 200g, respectively, of sucrose per day, and the fact of the matter is that these levels of free sugar intake are simply not reflected in current average population levels of consumption (27-28). There are extreme examples within the population consuming >20% calories from added sugar (27-30).
However the most recent National Diet and Nutrition Survey [NDNS] in the UK shows average free sugar consumption in adults of 11.1% for men and 11.2% for women (27-28, 30).
A recent systematic review of fructose-feeding trials found that the amount of fructose used in trials where sugar was added to the diet was 187.3 g per day on average [i.e. you'd have to consume 374g sucrose to reach that dose, which is almost 94 teaspoons of sugar!], and thus completely failed to reflect average population levels of intake (31).
Therefore the real-world relevance of studies which use extremes sugar intakes that are not representative of the typical diet is questionable – beyond illustrating mechanistic pathways.
The fact that sugar is added to the diet in the aforementioned studies is of particular relevance.
As studies find no adverse effect on cardiometabolic risk when fructose is substituted for other types of sugar, if the calorie content of the sugar swap is kept the same (32).
A controlled trial comparing low calorie weight-loss diets matched for energy intake with 10% energy from either HFSC or sucrose, found improvements in plasma lipids and TGs, illustrating that the presence of 10% energy from free sugars did not negate the beneficial effects of weight loss on improving cardiometabolic risk (33).
Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have found that the increase in cardiometabolic risk from dietary sugars is due to excess energy intake, which in turn drives weight gain (31 – 35).
This salient point has been conveniently misplaced by the LCHF movement, who continue to advocate that sugars drive weight gain independent of calories. But this is wholly unsupported from any scientific line of inquiry.
Summary: Excess sugar intake can damage triglyceride metabolism, which is a risk factor for heart disease. Studies which test the effect of fructose and high fructose corn syrup on weight are often irrelevant to real life as the amounts of fructose used are unrealistically high. Many good quality studies have found that the increase risk of heart disease and diabetes related to sugars intake is due to weight gain caused by excess calorie intake.
3. Should Dietary Guidelines Advocate a LCHF Diet?
Current NDNS data also shows average population carbohydrate consumption is 45-50% depending in the age group in question, and the average dietary fat intake at 32-35% (30).
This carbohydrate and fat intake in the UK is in fact in line with dietary recommendations, yet obesity has risen from 15% in 1993 to 26% in 2014 (36).
This suggests that the primary driver is not any single isolated macronutrient, but an overall increase in energy availability in the food supply and increased dietary energy-density (37-38). Substantial evidence exists in support of a greater effect of energy-density on total energy intake than macronutrient variations, and independent of macronutrient composition, chronic surplus energy intake will increase adiposity (27, 39).
We know from tightly controlled overfeeding studies that weight gain is identical regardless of whether participants are overfed by either carbohydrate or fat, where energy is matched (40).
In this respect, we can see the fallacy behind the LCHF narrative, which looks at diet and health through the lens of one single macronutrient. When you actually look at the foods in the typical adult Western diet – based on both US and UK adult data – you'll see that the most significant contributors to calories in the diet are refined flour and potato-based products, cereals, animal fats and added vegetable oil fats (28, 30, 41).
More specifically, we can look at actual food, beverage and environmental factors which caused an increase in calories from the 1970's to the 2000's (40 – 42):
Sugar-sweetened beverages
Processed animal meats
Refined grain products
Calories consumed away from the home
Increased calories coming from snacks
This shows that the typical Western diet is high in calories, not "it's all carbs" as the LCHF narrative portrays.
This was recently confirmed by study showing that up to 50% of daily energy in the UK diet comes from ultra-processed foods [i.e., foods made entirely from fats, refined starch and sugar, and additives] (43). Where exactly do we start to identify one, single nutrient amidst that diet pattern to blame for cardiometabolic disease?
While it is compelling in its simplicity, blaming one single nutrient lacks any scientific or logical validity.
The primary goal for public health is thus a reduction in overall dietary energy density across the population, which has not been achieved to date.
But broadly recommending a low-carb diet may not be an optimal way to reduce disease burden on a population level as many studies have found a higher risk of death and poor heart health related to low-carb diets (44 – 48).
Recall that where carbohydrates are excluded from the diet, the primary replacement food groups are typically animal proteins and fats (17). Further research differentiating between low-carb diets where more energy comes from plant proteins and fats, compared to low-carb diets with a more animal fats, found that in fact the greater proportion of plant-based foods in a low-carb diet was protective (44 – 59).
However, low-carb diets with predominantly animal-based food replacements show a significant increase in all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality (44 – 47).
This is largely attributed to the significant increase in saturated fat intake associated with animal-based low-carb diet patterns (44 – 47). And this is crucial in relation to the LCHF narrative, which in the same breath as demonizing carbohydrate asserts that "saturated fats do not clog the arteries" (50). No one ever said they did, the effects of saturated fat on heart disease have always been indirect, mediated by the harmful impact on blood lipids. And let's be clear on this issue, both the World Health Organization and SACN both, independently of each other, confirmed that the population target for saturated fat intake of 10% remains valid, as the threshold at which the greatest reductions in cardiovascular events is found (51 – 52).
Since inception of UK dietary guidelines in 1983, recommendations have included reducing sugar intake, increasing fibre, vegetables and wholegrain carbohydrates (53). In the interim, sugar has increased, refined carbohydrates predominate in the diet and fibre and vegetable intake has declined (35, 53). Given that data, it would be seriously misguided to recommend a LCHF diet to the population, as there is no evidence to support that there would be an increase in plant-based foods in that diet pattern, and the risk of a population shift to an animal-based LCHF diet would be a legitimate concern to long-term population health.
The LCHF narrative blames national dietary guidelines for the increase in cardiometabolic disease, which is a misnomer given they were never complied with.
Summary: Although the overall intake of carbohydrate and fat in the UK is in-line with government recommendations, sugar intake is high and the intake of wholegrains and vegetables is low. The Western diet is high in calories, which we know leads to weight gain regardless of fat or carbohydrate intake. Following a low-carb diet runs the risk of reducing the intake of wholegrains and vegetables further, which can increase the risk of heart problems and early death.
Nutrition science is currently evolving to a 'food-first' paradigm, and the study of diet patterns as a whole.
There is no longer any scientific validity to single-nutrient hypotheses in the context of the overall diet pattern which is problematic for cardiometabolic disease.
Singling out sugar is misconceived. Singling out fat is simplistic. The goal for public health is to address the outstanding problem: the high intake of calories which exists across the population.
The LCHF narrative decrying dietary carbohydrate and attempting to absolve saturated fat of any role in cardiometabolic disease is not only lacking evidence, it is dangerous. The foothold of this movement within conventional medicine is as worrying as the implementation of such diets by doctors, in the absence of any professional nutrition oversight. What is the likelihood that patients are in practice simply cutting out all carbohydrate and replacing with increased animal meats and fat consumption? Based on a cursory representation of low-carb on social media, I would say quite likely. And that is cause for concern for anyone within evidence-based nutrition.
Unfortunately, the hardest challenge of combating the LCHF alarmism for evidence-based nutrition professionals is in clarifying these issues without becoming apologists for a food industry and food environment that has so clearly precipitated diet-induced disease.
Summary: It is the overall dietary pattern which impacts health risk, looking at single nutrients such as fat or carbohydrates is overly-simplistic, misleading and often damaging. To improve public health calorie intake needs to be reduced across the board, which can be impacted by many environmental factors.
For more information on low-carb diets, check out:
Clinical Uses for Low-Carb Diets
The History of Low-Carb
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Q: Where can I force a specific DNS server to be used on OS X? On OS X Leopard, scutil gives me
$ scutil --dns
DNS configuration

resolver #1
  nameserver[0] : 192.168.1.1
  nameserver[1] : 192.168.2.1
  order   : 200000

resolver #2
  domain : local
  options : mdns
  timeout : 2
  order   : 300000

...

Now, how do I remove the first "resolver #1" and replace with a DNS server of my choosing?

Context: A VPN client sets this bogus DNS entry on connection, replacing my working DNS settings. I haven't been able to figure out how to stop it from doing so (see here), so now I'm trying to remove this unwanted effect ex-post, after I connect. A command line script to do this would be perfect.
I tried sudo scutil as per instructions here, but no love -- scutil --dns still reports the settings unchanged, and DNS resolution still doesn't work. Modifying /etc/resolv.conf has no effect on OS X.

A: In my experience if you specify a particular DNS server in Network preferences, even if you're using DHCP, Mac OS uses that server in preference to the one obtained through DHCP.  So if you always want to use 192.168.1.1, put that in explicitly.
System Preferences -> Network -> Ethernet (left pane) should produce a window that has a "DNS Server:" text box you can fill in with the IP address of your desired DNS server.  Click "Apply" to apply the change, and you're done; you shouldn't have to make this change again.  (If your VPN connection is WiFi instead of Ethernet, then you should click on that instead of Ethernet above.)

A: For temporary override on command line you can do:
sudo networksetup -setdnsservers Wi-Fi <dnsserver1ip> <dnsserver2ip>

and reset settings with:
sudo networksetup -setdnsservers Wi-Fi empty

If connected with some other interface than Wi-fi you can check valid names with:
sudo networksetup -listallnetworkservices

A: Well, most VPN connections I am aware of are able to push a DNS server to the VPN client. My suggestion would be to ask your VPN provider to not push the DNS server for your connection.
Please note that this might have some negative impact on your VPN session.

A: I suggest using a different approach:
You can use your Mac HOSTS FILE to solve the problem (The Hosts file is used to map human-friendly domain names to numerical IP addresses....google it to know more about it).
Simply add to the host file the DNS record that you need in your case so that even if you are using the VPN the OS will use the IP that you specify in the file.
Below how to open and edit the file:
sudo nano /private/etc/hosts

The DNS cache needs to be flushed after every change:
dscacheutil -flushcache

A: You should have your vpn set up in your network. I have private internet access and have it manually installed in my network. My network shows Airport, Ethernet and Private Internet access.
To change my dns:

*

*click on your vpn network

*hit advanced and in options "send all traffic over VPN" should be checked

*click the DNS tab and add your dns in the box. If you don't put any dns servers it will push to your ethernet dns settings.

*Now to check if you are running on your dns ccp this in terminal:
scutil --dns | grep nameserver\[[0-9]*\]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Hen Mazzig is an Israeli speaker and writer who has inspired thousands with his story. Named as one of the Algemeiner's top 100 people positively influencing Jewish life, Hen is an energetic activist and advocate for his people. As the son of Mizrahi Jewish refugees from Iraq and North Africa (Berber Jews from Tunisia), Hen has a unique and important voice in today's discussions, sharing his family's story as part of the 850,000 Jewish refugees from the Middle East and North Africa.
As a young Israeli, Hen served in the IDF for almost five years as an openly gay commander. During his service as a lieutenant in the COGAT unit, he worked as an intermediary between the Israeli Defense Forces (the IDF), the Palestinian Authority, the UN, and many non-governmental organizations that operate in the West Bank. Hen's unit was responsible for overseeing the construction of medical facilities, schools, environmental projects, roads, water-related infrastructure, and for security coordination with the Palestinian Security Forces, part of the Palestinian Authority. From 2013-2015, Hen was the Campus Coordinator for a pro-israel campus group in the Pacific Northwest, during which he fought many BDS resolutions on college campuses. From 2015-2017 Hen led the Israel Education Department for a pro-Israel advocacy organization. He quickly became the leading Israeli voice reclaiming intersectionality and progressive Zionism.
Hen's award-winning articles have been published in the LA Times, NBC News, Haaretz, The Forward, Jewish Chronicle, International Business Times and more. He has shared his story with thousands of students throughout the USA, Canada and the UK over the last 8 years. In September 2016, he began working as a freelance consultant to help pro-Israel and social justice causes, and he also volunteered as the head of the Transgender and Health department at the National Israeli LGBTQ Task Force "The Nir Kates Center" in Tel Aviv. Hen is very active on social media, with more than 25,000 followers on Twitter, and tens of thousands on other social media platforms
Hen has a proven track record of creating dialogue and changing hearts and minds where it seemed impossible. He has built relationships and changed hearts and minds not simply by sharing the truth about Israel and the history of the region, but by being a voice for justice for diverse groups and peoples. He is a rare voice in a divisive day and age that can unite people for a common cause rather than sowing discord over clashing narratives.
Nitzan Keynan, multifaceted food, product and portrait photographer
Octavia Y. Lewis, MPA is an activist, advocate, mother and scholar
Moti Ankari, Fashion Blooger

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Victoria justice going to crew party for rocky horror. victoria justice going to crew party for rocky horror .Victoria justice dons bizarre splitleg trousers. and reveals how she lost her rocky horror 'virginity' by cassie carpenter for dailymail .. victoria justice going to crew party for rocky horror This pin was discovered by wayne miskelly. discover (and save!) your own pins on pinterest.


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Yangon Cruises
View all Yangon cruises
Yangon has earned the nickname 'The Garden City of the East' due its lush green trees, shaded parkland and beautiful lakes. But Yangon (formerly Rangoon) is also the commercial and increasingly cosmopolitan capital of Myanmar.
From the port Thilawa, a visit to Yangon reveals a mix of British colonial architecture, modern high-rises and gilded Buddhist pagodas that define its eclectic skyline.[ReadMoreMob] The downtown pavements are one huge open-air market, and feature some of the most impressive colonial architecture in Southeast Asia, alongside a swathe of new shops, restaurants and bars.
The city has barely changed at all, and the Shwedagon Paya, a glistening, awe-inspiring golden Buddhist monument is seemingly the centre of everything. An eye-catching wealth of colour and pigments on its 326ft-high curved exterior gives way to the top of the Pagoda's crown which is encrusted with diamonds, rubies and other gemstones. Locals and monarchs often donate gold to ensure this incredible structure maintains its beauty.
The city's other notable religious sites include the Botataung and Sule Pagodas, both containing Buddhist relics.
This magnificent 2,500-year-old, 326ft-tall gilded stupa dominates Yangon's skyline. It's Myanmar's most sacred site, a stunning complex of pavilions and shrines with a dome that features in excess of 6,500 diamonds and other precious stones.
Bagan Temples
No fewer than 10,000 Buddhist temples were constructed in Bagan – once capital of the Pagan Kingdom – when the city was at its height between the 11th and 13th centuries. Over 2,000 have survived to the present day, creating a truly inspirational panorama.
Buddhist Novitiation ceremony
This sacred tradition is an important milestone in the journey to monkhood. The young boys (novices), dressed in glittering robes to imitate princes, are led in a celebratory coming-of-age procession, accompanied by an orchestra and dancers.
Cruises to Yangon
Singapore, Bali & Myanmar
Departs: Benoa • Thu 23 Jan 2020
Encompassing a collection of contrasting destinations, this cruise offers a fascinating insight into Asia's remarkable diversity, with the scenic beauty of postcard-perfect idyllic islands; attractions of vibrant, modern cities; and some of the world's most spectacular spiritual sites awaiting you.
Uncover the untrodden beaches and fauna-rich forests of Bali before even setting sail, then sample a taste of modern Asia in Singapore, where you can explore among towering skyscrapers, stop-by bustling Chinatown and even enjoy high tea at the world-famous Raffles Hotel.
Fabulous Phuket, where you can relax on the palm-lined beaches or take a boat tour to see the breathtaking scenes of Phang Nga Bay is sure to delight, while an overnight stay at Thilawa, Myanmar affords time to visit Yangon and marvel at the awe-inspiring Shwedagon Pagoda.
Please call our Reservations Team for latest pricing and availability.
Exploring the Far East & Authentic India
28 nights • Boudicca • D200203
For an unforgettable insight into Asia's remarkable diversity, Boudicca will guide you to a collection of stunning destinations to present you with a taste of the contrasting sights and authentic experiences on offer in spectacular islands and cities across this incredible region.
Uncover the unspoilt forests and beaches of Bali before setting sail, then sample a taste of modern Asia in Singapore; discover paradise in Phuket, with a chance to take a boat tour to Phang Nga Bay; and marvel at the awe-inspiring Shwedagon Pagoda during an overnight stay in Thilawa.
Your time in India will include overnight stays in Kochi, for the famous Chinese cantilever fishing nets and a tour to the Taj Mahal, and charming Goa; a full-day to immerse yourself in the hustle and bustle of Mumbai; and a call at Porbandar, birthplace of Gandhi – the 'Father of India'.


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Co-op updates due to COVID-19
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University of Waterloo signs Global Charter for Co-op and Work-Integrated Education
The first-ever Global Charter for Co-op and Work-Integrated Education has been signed by more than 50 university and college presidents, education association executives and high-ranking government officials. The signing happened on August 6, 2019, as part of the 2019 WACE World Conference in at the University of Cincinnati.
Among the charter signatories was Dr. Norah McRae, Associate Provost, Co-operative and Experiential Education for the University of Waterloo.
"For over 60 years, the University of Waterloo has been a world-leader in co-operative education, largely due to our focus on training students to be adaptive, resilient, future-ready problem solvers," says McRae. "It was an honour to sign this charter to symbolize our ongoing global commitment to developing stronger international work-integrated learning experiences that prepare students to address the critical, growing needs of the world's economy."
The charter formalizes a commitment to grow the number and quality of international co-op and work-integrated learning opportunities for students around the world through three calls to action:
Create a significant number of new opportunities for students of Charter supporters to obtain meaningful, international, work-integrated learning experiences, with a focus on scaling up;
Develop and deliver educational offerings specifically designed to enhance student intercultural fluency and resilience with focus on equity, diversity and inclusion;
Facilitate conversations between higher education and business to determine what constitutes 'global work readiness' and embedding these attributes in a global quality assurance framework.
"The rapid pace of change in business and industry, the increasingly global nature of employment and equitable access for all are themes that need the collective attention of employers and educators," says Nancy Johnston, president of the World Association for Cooperative and Work-Integrated Education, which led the effort to create the Global Charter. "Work-integrated education is a proven model that brings these stakeholders together during the course of a student's academic studies so that these challenges can be addressed in real-time, authentic ways that contribute to both a student's learning and their workplace readiness."
By engaging and uniting with partners to provide access for all post-secondary students to international work-based experiences, students will be more effectively prepared for the future of work and learning. In turn, gaining productive and rewarding employment anywhere in the world.
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Congratulations to Lussmans, won an award today!
I have just got home from attending the National Fish and Chip awards in London (I was a guest of one of the main sponsors) and I was surprised and delighted to see our very own Lussmans up for an award "best food service operator". (Where they serve excellent fish and chips but they are not a fish and chip shop so it is not their core business).
Even more delighted that they won (beating Morrisons supermarket!!!).
Re: Congratulations to Lussmans, won an award today!
Wish I'd had that on Monday then - I gave them three visits in the past year to see if I was wrong in the past, or they'd changed, but unfortunately I won't be going there again. Also they've got very expensive compared to other independent restaurants in town.
Happy to see they've been successful but were they only up against Morrisons in this category??
Golden wrote: I gave them three visits in the past year to see if I was wrong in the past, or they'd changed, but unfortunately I won't be going there again.
What was it specifically that you were unhappy with? I know that Andrei is keen on ensuring customer satisfaction.
Golden wrote: Also they've got very expensive compared to other independent restaurants in town.
This was the final so I have no idea who were in their category in total.
I haven't been there for a couple of years but will now give them a try again as they must be doing something right. I do know for the Fish and Chip shop category (which several hundred of the 7,500 eligible shops apply for) it involves an inspection and 3 mystery shoppers when you get through to the top 30 and then an interview when you get into the top 10. Not sure what it involved for Lussman's category.
However not every restaurant is to everyone's taste and until I have been there again, I cannot comment.


We recognize there are many Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons and Periodontists in central Ohio to choose from. What differentiates Powell Oral Surgery and Periodontics ?
We are one of the few "team" Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontics Practices in the Country.
Dr. Reza Bolourian is a dual degree Physician (M.D.) and Dentist.
Our doctors have over 25 years of combined experience in their field.
Our practice offers a comprehensive and unique approach to your Periodontal and Oral Surgery needs under one roof.
We are "The Center to Go" for complex surgeries requiring the expertise of an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and a Periodontist.
As a qualified and licensed Physician and Surgeon, we offer the safest and most advanced anesthesia and surgical technologies to our patients.
Our doctors are board certified in their specialties. Board certification assures optimal care through the development and maintenance of high standards in patient safety.


Do You Want to Buy Imovane Online? - Buy Imovane Online - Best place to purchase Imovane online – No prescription needed.
Looking for the right place to buy Imovane online? You have come to the end of your search. We realize that ordering your medications online makes life easier, simpler, and more convenient. But not everyone is comfortable buying medication online if they do not know anything about the source. We do the hard work for you, so that you can rest assured that when you buy Imovane online, you are getting a high quality product from a trustworthy site.
The internet allows us to do all kinds of things online that used to take a lot of time, effort, and money. Now you can simply find the right website, place your order, and whatever you want or need will be delivered right to your door. Most people are completely comfortable ordering clothes, shoes, bedding, and even groceries online, so why not medications, too? The truth is, more people are getting comfortable with the idea, and a lot of people opt to buy Imovane online.


LOCATION.--Lat 43°02'44", long 87°59'59", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.27, T.7 N., R.21 E., Milwaukee County, Hydrologic Unit 04040003, on left bank near upstream side of 70th Street bridge in Wauwatosa, 800 ft downstream from Honey Creek, and at mile 6.2.
PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1961 to present.
GAGE.--Water-stage recorder and crest-stage gage. Datum of gage is 628.58 ft above NAVD88. Prior to Nov. 1, 1974, nonrecording gage at present site and datum then in use. Prior to June 21, 1997 at 0320, datum was 2.00 ft higher.
Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by th e U.S. Government.


Congratulations AA Boys and Girls Region Champs!
Westwood Wildcats Boys and Girls Dominate the Region AA tournament winning both team and many individual championships. GO CATS.
The girls and boys won region tennis for AA! Congratulations!
In the individual tournament, Westwood dominated.


Use the search boxes below to find the ideal rooftop garden in London.
For years, our city planners have kept our London skyline famously low, which means holding your event on one of London's roof gardens and terraces will provide your event with the most spectacular view.
High up on the terraces of London and with an outdoor view to savour, London has some amazing rooftops. And with the drive for eco-friendly buildings, many of these are now being turned into gardens.
There could be nothing better than sipping a cocktail on a warm summers day in a rooftop garden in London. From the beautiful lighting and surroundings of Madison roof gardens to the view over the water from Canary Wharf roof garden. The roof gardens in our selection will add that touch of magic to your event.
For something a little more stylish, The Roof Gardens club is one of London's most chic venues located in Kensington. or should you need to make use of extra facilities, we have a large range of roof garden hotels in London.
We have plenty of roof garden ideas to choose from and you might be surprised as to where these secret rooftop gardens are hidden.


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Previous / Doohan tops first day of Valencia F3 post-season test Next / Saucy tops final day of FIA Formula 3 post-season testing
FIA F3 News
Crawford fastest on second day of Valencia F3 post-season test
Lewis Duncan
PREMA's Jak Crawford topped the second day of post-season FIA Formula 3 testing in Valencia from ART rookie Gregoire Saucy.
The F3 paddock has descended on the Ricardo Tormo Circuit near Valencia this week for a three-day post-season test as part of preparations for the 2022 campaign, with a host of fresh-faced and returning talent taking to the track.
The day was split into two sessions, with PREMA's Crawford leading the times from ART new boy Saucy – the newly-crowned Formula Regional champion.
Crawford led the morning with a 1m21.268s, which wouldn't go bettered in the second half of the day.
In the afternoon session, Caio Collet occupied top spot for a good while in his MP Motorsport car and was the first to break into the 1m21s in that session.
Top spot changed hands a number of times in the closing stages of the afternoon session, which came to an end at 5pm local time.
It would be Collet's fellow MP Motorsport driver Colapinto who would see out day two fastest in the afternoon, but was ninth overall with a 1m21.759s.
Enjoying a busy 2021 campaign, taking in campaigns in Formula Regional, the Asian and European Le Mans series – finishing third in the former – with G-Drive, as well as a Le Mans outing in LMP2, Colapinto led Tuesday's running with a 1m21.759s.
Saucy was second in both sessions, but was faster in the morning with a 1m21.447s from Trident's Roman Stanek and Collet.
Monday pacesetter Jack Doohan – son of five-time MotoGP world champion Mick Doohan – was last of the 29 runners in the new Van Amersfoort Racing car in the afternoon, but was fifth overall from Oliver Bearman in the PREMA car.
Veteran Dutch outfit Van Amersfoort Racing take over HWA Racelab's grid slots for the 2022 F3 season, with 2021 runner-up Doohan joining the squad from Trident alongside Ushijimi and Rafel Villagomez.
Mercedes junior Paul Aron took over from Arthur Leclerc at PREMA, the Estonian – who was third in the Italian F4 Championship and in FREC this year – and completed the day with a 1m22.331s.
Doohan tops first day of Valencia F3 post-season test
Saucy tops final day of FIA Formula 3 post-season testing
Ducati MotoGP "DNA is incredible" for Gresini's Bastianini
Why a difficult 2021 hasn't broken Pol Espargaro's resolve
FIA F3 FIA F3
Correa remains with ART for 2022 Formula 3 season
Arthur Leclerc stays with Prema for FIA F3 in 2022
Prema signs dual F4 champion Bearman for FIA F3
From zero to hero: How F3's 2021 champion bounced back
By Megan White
After a disastrous 2020 in FIA Formula 3 with Hitech, Dennis Hauger began to doubt himself - with the self-belief he had built through success in junior series evaporating. But after regrouping, he stormed to the F3 title in 2021. Here's how he did it...
How Campos Racing has bounced back from its devastating loss
After the sudden death of its founder in January, Formula 2 stalwart Campos Racing was left facing its hardest season to date. But new team boss Adrian Jr is determined to honour his father's legacy and has returned the team to its winning ways
How F2 and F3's flawed format changes could prove shortlived
After a chaotic 2020, marred by the coronavirus pandemic, the FIA brought in radical changes to Formula 2 and 3. But less than 12 months later, there are talks of them being reversed after all did not go to plan…
How the latest 'son of' youngster found his feet in F3
After a promising start to his single-seater racing career, life in the Formula 1 feeder series gave Jack Doohan a reality check. But, following a year of learning and toiling, the driver with one of the most famous surnames on the Formula 3 grid isn't feeling the weight of expectation pushing down too hard on him any longer
The Monaco win that started another triple crown
By James Newbold
30 years ago, victory in the Monaco Grand Prix-supporting Formula 3 race – then a showpiece invitational event – began a young Jorg Muller's pursuit of a unique set of street circuit wins that he'd later complete at Macau and Pau.
Why Correa's return is the feel-good story racing needed
Juan Manuel Correa has had a long road to recovery from that horrific day at Spa in 2019. ART's decision to give him his race return in FIA Formula 3 in 2021 is a victory in itself, but his determination will surely - in time - have him fighting for bigger things
By Haydn Cobb
F3 rookie Oscar Piastri only just snatched the 2020 title with Prema Racing, but the setbacks he overcame to do so suggest that Renault's next Australian talent is one destined for the top.
The young driver Red Bull couldn't ignore
By Marcus Simmons
Igor Fraga has a more colourful career behind him than any other driver on the FIA Formula 3 grid, and now he's beginning to become as recognised for his talents in real racing as in the virtual world.


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Jeffs show signs of improved play
Joe Katuska
Feb 4, 2003 2 min
The Jeffs started their weekend with a trip to New England College (NEC) to face the Pilgrims. Although the Pilgrims do not traditionally have a strong team, they carried an impressive 10-5 record into their encounter with the Jeffs.
"It was a little surprising," Brad Craigen '05 said. "They were a little better than we expected. We played hard, and they played hard."
The Pilgrims took the early lead, as has often happened against the Jeffs this season. Travis Banga, a transfer from Division I power University of New Hampshire, redirected a shot from the point past Amherst goaltender Sean Lynch '06 midway through the first period.
The Pilgrims then added to their lead in the second frame, notching a pair of goals. The second period was marred by 12 penalties called against the two teams, as chippy play prevailed. Nick Warriner and Banga added goals for the Pilgrims in between the whistles.
In the third period the Jeffs roared back, but it proved to be too little, too late. Steve Nelson '06 continued his hot streak, tallying the Jeffs' first goal of the game just 23 seconds into the final period. Adam Wallace extended the lead for NEC just minutes later, but the Jeffs weren't finished in the scoring column yet. Craigen shook loose from a defender behind the NEC net and fed captain Erich Schram '03 the puck for the Jeffs' second goal of the period.
The Jeffs were unable to get any closer in the closing minutes, and the Pilgrims added an empty-net goal with only seconds remaining to secure the 5-2 victory.
The next afternoon, Amherst took on St. Anselm's College, which came into the match at 6-9-2. The Hawks did have a big victory the night before though, as they took down Hamilton College in overtime.
The Jeffs carried over their improved play and quickly jumped out on top of the Hawks. Mike Kreger '04 tallied the Jeffs' first two goals-the first coming on a wrister from the slot and the second after a scrum in front of the net-and the Jeffs never looked back. Beau Kretzman '05 upped the Jeffs' lead to 3-0 entering the first intermission with a highlight reel goal.
In the second period, the Jeffs added another trio of goals. Schram potted his second goal in as many days, when his shot deflected off of a Hawk defender and into the back of the net. Fellow defenseman Billy Jenkins '05 knocked in a slap-shot from the point less than a minute later. Kretzman again finished the scoring for the period, with his second goal of the game.
In the final period, the Hawks were finally able to get on the scoreboard, but their lone tally was not enough to get them back in the game. The 6-1 win was one of the Jeffs' most impressive efforts of the season.
Freshman goaltender Sean Lynch gave outstanding defensive support. "Lynch had a great game. He stepped up a lot for us and made some huge saves," Craigen said. "He had a great weekend. He got his chance and capitalized on it."
This weekend the Jeffs face two of their toughest opponents, as Williams and Middlebury Colleges journey to Orr Rink. The Ephs, along with the Jeffs, have experienced a disappointing season, entering this weekend with a record of 6-10-2.
The Panthers, however, are again one of the top teams in the nation, and they enter this week with a number four national ranking and a 12-game win streak. "We're all really excited for the games this weekend," Craigen said. "We're getting pumped up and can't wait to step up to the challenge against Middlebury."
Around the Herd: Sept. 21 to Sept. 27
Around the Herd provides quick updates on all the Amherst sports action you may have missed in the past week. In this week's installment: field hockey flourishes, both golf teams thrive, and women's tennis concludes their fall season.
Alex Noga '23 Sep 28, 2022
Amherst's Dual Athletes: Dedication and Determination
Staff writer Maya Reiner '25 provides a look into the life of dual-sport athletes, including personal details from two-sport athletes Muffie Mazambani '24 and Jacob Bruno '25E.
Maya Reiner '25 Oct 19, 2022
Amherst Golf Returns at the Hamilton Spring Shootout
The men's and women's golf teams opened their 2021 seasons this past weekend at the Hamilton Spring Shootout, a one-day tournament at the Skenandoa Golf Club in Clinton, New York. In addition to Amherst, Hamilton College, Williams College, and Middlebury College also participated in the event. The women'
Alex Noga '23 Apr 13, 2021


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At the tail end of the 80s Steven Soderbergh broke me. I don't think I've ever fully recovered.
I'm not much a fan of Destiny and the gameplay oftentimes puts me to sleep, but every once in a while there is something that pops up that's actually both funny and entertaining, no matter what you think about the game itself. In this case, there's a dance routine set to the Backstreet Boys and it's great.
For whatever reason, our culture has decided that the movie is the ultimate expression of storytelling. Every TV show, book, and video game seems destined to have a film adaptation made of it.
Inspired by Hugh Jackman in Logan, David Hasselhoff has quite an interesting idea about how he'd like to return as Knight Rider's Michael Knight for one last adventure on the big screen.
One of the funniest stories to emerge from the set of Blade Runner 2049 is that during one of the movie's fight scenes, Harrison Ford accidentally punched Ryan Gosling square in the face.
Teen Titans Go! to the Movies is filled with jokes, including ones directed at DC Comics, but one bit almost didn't make it into the final movie.
Actors often go to great lengths to prepare for a given role in a movie, but in doing research for High-Rise, Tom Hiddleston took his preparation to macabre extremes.
В прокат вышла драма «Территория» - экранизация романа писателя и геолога Олега Куваева о людях, влюбленных в свою работу и Крайний Север. Режиссер картины Александр Мельник прочитал эту книгу 37 лет назад, влюбился в нее и теперь смог экранизировать, а мы поговорили с ним о закадровом тексте, расхождениях с первоисточником, музыкальной попсе и умном зрителе.
A new video promoting Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle has been released, during which Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson talks about how much Robin Williams, star of the original Jumanji movie, meant to him.
Chris Farley was a larger than life personality, and now a new documentary on Spike TV will explore his life in depth.
Генерация: 0.120 сек. и 11 запросов к базе данных за 0.069 сек.


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World Americas 05 Apr 2019 Indian journal publisher fined USD 50 million in US for duping academics
World, Americas
Indian journal publisher fined USD 50 million in US for duping academics
Published : Apr 5, 2019, 1:14 pm IST
Updated : Apr 5, 2019, 1:14 pm IST
Srinubabu Gedela and his companies would allegedly charge the authors significant publishing fees.
"We're pleased with the court's strong order holding these companies and its owner responsible for the damage they caused," Mr Smith said. (Image: srinubabu.com)
New York: An Indian journal publisher and his companies have been fined over USD 50 million in the US for making "deceptive claims" to academics about the nature of their work and taking millions of dollars from aspiring researchers and writers.
Srinubabu Gedela of Andhra Pradesh and his companies OMICS Group Inc., iMedPub LLC, Conference Series LLC, have been ordered by the US District Court for the District of Nevada to pay the amount to resolve the charges brought against them by America's consumer protection agency - Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
"These publishing companies lied about their academic journals and took millions of dollars from aspiring researchers and writers," said Andrew Smith, Director of the FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection.
"We're pleased with the court's strong order holding these companies and its owner responsible for the damage they caused," Mr Smith said.
The court issued the summary judgment order on March 29.
In its 2016 complaint, the FTC alleged that "OMICS, iMedPub, Conference Series and their owner Srinubabu Gedela advertised hundreds of online academic journals and international conferences for scientists and medical professionals, and deceptively claimed that their journals provided authors with rigorous peer review and had editorial boards made up of prominent academics".
In reality, many articles were published with little to no peer review, and many individuals represented to be editors had not agreed to be affiliated with the journals, the FTC said in a statement.
The FTC further alleged that the defendants represented that their journals had been accepted by prominent academic indexing services such as the National Institute of Health (NIH)'s "PubMed Central".
In fact, the NIH had refused to index the defendants' journals and demanded that they cease representing that the defendants' journals were associated with PubMed.
An article in The New York Times quoted Srinubabu Gedela's attorney Kishore Vattikoti as saying in an email response to the court order that "It's quite surprising for us that court has passed an order against defendants in this case without calling for a trial which is unjustifiable and violation of natural justice".
Mr Vattikoti said the publisher would appeal, the report said.
The FTC also alleged that Srinubabu Gedela and his companies failed to properly tell authors who submitted papers for consideration that they would charge the authors significant publishing fees. They also failed to allow authors to withdraw their articles from submission, making their research ineligible for publication in other journals.
Finally, the complaint alleged that to promote their scientific conferences, the defendants deceptively used the names of prominent researchers as conference presenters when in fact many of those researchers had not agreed to participate in the events.
In November 2017, a federal court granted a preliminary injunction requested by the FTC, temporarily halting the deceptive practices of these academic journal publishers.
In the summary judgment decision, the court found that "the defendants violated the FTC Act by making deceptive claims regarding their academic journals and scientific conferences, and by failing to adequately disclose their publishing fees".
The resulting final order prohibits Srinubabu Gedela and his companies from making misrepresentations regarding their academic journals and conferences, including that specific persons are editors of their journals or have agreed to participate in their conferences, that their journals engage in peer review, that their journals are included in any academic journal indexing service, or the extent to which their journals are cited.
It also requires that the defendants clearly and conspicuously disclose all costs associated with submitting or publishing articles in their journals.
The order also requires the defendants to obtain express written consent from any person the defendants represent to be associated with their academic journals or scientific conferences.
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Tags: srinubabu gedela, federal trade commission
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One of ACKS' default assumptions, which I've commented on before, is that of the "failing empire", with barbarians at the borders and corruption within. Another of ACKS' standard assumptions it the inland sea, typically modeled after the Mediterranean in Antiquity. But there's another perfectly good inland sea in Europe that gets a lot less attention: the Baltic.
Which, it turns out, is probably a fine model area-of-operations for a DaneACKS campaign. Much more so than the North Sea, with its super-long travel distances and terrible weather. The water-area of the Baltic is about 330 24-mile hexes, which is about a quarter of a 30x40 24-mile hex mapsheet, leaving plenty of room for surrounding lands.
One problem(?) with the Baltic as an ACKS setting is that Scandinavia and environs are, historically, not particularly well-populated. At all. In 1570, already somewhat after our target era, the population density of Sweden was only about 5.2 people per square mile, while that of Finland in 1550 was a mere 2.3 people per square mile. At 300,000 people in an area of 130,666 square miles, you're looking at 60,000 families spread over (roughly) 4 30x40 mapsheets of 6-mile hexes. In 1150, estimates (since at that time there was certainly no census, nor a centralized state to conduct one) place the total population of Finland between 20,000 and 40,000 people, or at most 8,000 families, giving a population density of about 0.3 people per square mile, which in ACKS terms suggests a handful of class VI markets over that entire area. Which is... rough, for adventuring and supply. The rest of the Baltic isn't much better; Gdansk in the 1100s had a population somewhere between 1000 and 2000, which is a class V market. Many of the population centers currently on the Baltic map above weren't even founded until Christianization hit, and population records for pre-Christian settlements (like Forsigtuna, the pre-Christian capital of Sweden) are basically nonexistent. So... I guess there'd be room for some "creative license". On the plus side, such a setting does play very nicely with tribes as the autonomous domain unit, which would be fun.
Regarding those historical population densities, remember that the people in question aren't distributed over the *whole* of Sweden, Finland, etc. Instead, people will be concentrated towards the lower latitudes and coastlines while the interior and higher latitudes are basically empty (with the exception of a sprinkling of nomadic Laps above the Arctic Circle naturally).
This means that your 300K population *isn't* spread out over the entire ~130K square miles. Instead, that number is spread out over a much smaller coastal/southern region which will give you a relatively higher population density resulting in a relatively larger number of relatively larger towns, markets, and villages in that region.
TL;DR - The historical population is concentrated in small regions creating higher regional population densities.
Yeah, you'd end up with a lot of bare wilderness and population along the coastlines. I was more interested in the 1150 estimates, as 1550 is well into the gunpowder age. I don't think the 1150 numbers are salvageable by concentration, though.
Well how about the Black Sea then? It's kind of an "edge of empire" region which would be affected by the fall of empire (Roman, Byzantine, or Ottoman) and more populous.
The Black Sea is a great suggestion! Another one of those regions underrepresented in "world history as taught in the United States", hence also in the minds of gamers.
Not quite. The population densities of Scandinavia throughout the medieval period are indeed consistently estimated in the 5-8 people per SqM range, In SETTLED AREAS. The figures DO NOT take into account the whole land mass. This is one reason, among many that towns and villages were so rare and slow to develop in the Scandinavian north outside of Denmark.


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Open version of the YUKON KII SPORT with easy entry.
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We look at how flow chemistry will change the way in which we manufacture everyday products.
Robert Llewellyn visits Imperial College London to learn about the future of energy.
Theme co-ordinator: Dr Marcos Millan-Agorio.


On this day - Monday April 2nd, 2012 I made a card.
A card for my friends who have just had a baby.
It was also a good reason to stop doing my boring chores and get a quick creative fix.
I got out my alphabet stamps, some baby blue ink (y'know, just to conform to stereotype since they had a baby boy) and got stamping.
I didn't want to make a 'Congrats it's a boy card' as I've already made one of them. Instead I wanted to make a card that would celebrate the momentous occasion, one that could not only be used for baby births but other significant days or even used to make the insignificant days into something special.
Basically it can be used for any day, of any year, for any occasion.
It needs some tweaking spacing wise - but considering it was all hand-stamped, I don't think it came out too badly.
I will definitely be putting this one in the Left & Write Shop with the text available in a variety of colours.
Let me know what you think and if you want me to make you one - just send me a message.


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ADOPTION OF VIDAL (and a companion case [Note 1]).
The biological mother's parental rights were terminated pursuant to G. L. c. 210, § 3, and she appeals [Note 2] claiming that (1) a report prepared by a social worker employed by DARE Family Services, Inc. (DARE), was improperly admitted in evidence, and (2) the trial judge's findings and ultimate conclusions were not supported by clear and convincing evidence. We affirm.
1. The DARE report. DARE is a specialized foster care agency which serves children who have failed in the regular foster care system provided by the State or who are in need of a higher level of care. The Department of Social Services (DSS) contracts and requests DARE's services. The services DARE provides to DSS include assessments of the needs of children, such as the assessment at issue in the present case. See 110 Code Mass. Regs. §§ 4.03, 7.002 (1993).
Service plans, case reviews, and foster care reviews kept as records of DSS are admissible, with some limitations, as records of a public agency. Adoption of George, 27 Mass. App. Ct. 265 , 271-274 (1989). [Note 3] Requiring the author to appear in court to testify about what was contained in a record would "ill serve the interests of the parties or the court . . . . To do so would not only be extremely time consuming but would be artificial. The professional with a heavy case load is unlikely to have accurate memory of the details of a particular case -- routine at the time -- except as recorded in case memoranda required by regulation." Id. at 273.
required, in its handling of a case, to provide assessments and reviews, just as a DSS social worker is required to do in connection with a case handled in-house. The relevant State regulation provides that "[a]ll written contracts between the Department and any provider shall obligate the provider to comply with all of 110 CMR, service delivery standards, and policies." 110 Code Mass. Regs. § 7.002(3) (1993). The assessment here was completed by a DARE licensed social worker. As in Adoption of George, "[i]t would be anomalous to require keeping of these records on the one hand while requiring that they be entirely ignored on the other when the case is under judicial review." Id. at 272.
2. Sufficiency of the evidence. The judge's findings and conclusions were more than sufficient to demonstrate the mother's unfitness to act as a parent. Her history of violence, the shortcomings of her visits with her children, her failure to successfully address her needs and the needs of her children, the chaos and unsafe conditions of the home, her failure to successfully complete her service plan, her lack of a support network, and her manifestations of mental illness "proved parental unfitness by clear and convincing evidence." See Custody of Eleanor, 414 Mass. 795 , 802 (1993).
Counsel for the mother has argued on appeal that the lack of authoritative expert testimony about the clinical details of the mother's mental health rendered the trial judge unable to find that the mother was mentally ill. We think the objective details of aberrant conduct by the mother, as well as reports of episodes of mental illness, were adequate to support a finding by the judge that the mother experienced periodic episodes of mental illness.
Claudia Leis Bolgen for the mother.
Brian Pariser for Department of Social Services.
[Note 1] Adoption of Eliot. Both children's names are pseudonyms.
[Note 2] The father desired that the children be adopted. He never appeared for trial and is not a party to this appeal.
[Note 3] Upon motion by a party, a judge should review the document and screen out "expressions of opinion, evaluation, or judgment." See Adoption of George, supra at 274.
[Note 4] "To the extent that the source of information in a document of the sort here in question is available for cross-examination, more leeway may be afforded material that smacks of opinion, evaluation, or judgment." Adoption of George, supra at 271-272.


Mother Nature is no joke. She's a powerful force with the ability to change at any given time. And when a storm moves in, Mother Nature reminds us: BE PREPARED!
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is responsible for coordinating emergency planning and responding to disasters. But it's your duty to protect your home and family. If a storm threatens your area, don't let Mother Nature catch you by surprise. Follow FEMA's instructions as well as the five basic steps below to keep out of harm's way.
Stock Up on Food and Water: Different storms call for different responses. But tornadoes, blizzards, and hurricanes can all cause power outages, jeopardizing the safety of your food. Stock up on canned goods, other nonperishable food items, and bottled water.
Know How to Report a Power Outage: Program emergency contact numbers into your cell phone, including your power company. Report a power outage as soon as possible and keep record of when you reported it.
Secure Back-Up Housing: If you live in state prone to natural disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods, secure a plan for alternate lodging. Talk to relatives or friends in unaffected areas about temporary housing should a disaster strike.
Fill the Gas Tank: If time permits, fill your gas tank. If you have more than one car, fill them all. You might need to travel to a safer location, and gas stations often shut down during blackouts.
Charge Your Cell Phone: Make sure your cell phone has a full charge before bad weather arrives, and keep it topped off while you have electricity. Your cell phone might be the only communications device available during, and after, a storm.


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text:
https://www.blackenterprise.com/watching-when-they-see-us-is-an-act-of-social-justice/
Watching 'When They See Us' Is An Act Of Social Justice
by Ida Harris
'When They See Us' filmmaker Ava Duvernay directing on set. (Twitter)
Apparently, no one was ready for Ava DuVernay's recent series, When They See Us. Across social media, discourse about the movie ranges from whether or not people would tune in at all to how weighty and emotionally stirring it was to watch. Judge Greg Mathis posted a disturbingly tearful picture on Facebook expressing his angst about the film:
An extremely angry Twitter user tweeted their reaction upon watching:
just started watching when they see us pic.twitter.com/aTiNzpvxIe
— k8 (@gastationcoffee) June 17, 2019
And Kandiss Edwards, a Georgia educator, told BLACK ENTERPRISE that post-traumatic syndrome is why she wouldn't watch the film immediately:
I knew the Kalief Browder story before I watched the documentary about his suicide. What I didn't realize was how the story would cling to the marrow of my bones and stay with me. Kalief's story gave me anxiety for weeks after watching. I'm determined to be more careful this time around with When They See Us. I will watch the movie, but first I have to make sure I am emotionally prepared.
BE's own Alfred Edmond penned an op-ed on why he may never watch stating, "I've reached a stage of my life where I do my best to avoid unnecessarily re-traumatizing experiences."
The film gives a nuclear lens into the lives of Yusef Salaam, Antron McCray, Raymond Santana, Korey Wise, and Kevin Richardson, who are widely known as "The Central Park Five," and the hell they experienced as young teens wrongfully accused and convicted of assaulting, raping, and sodomizing a white woman jogger, in New York City in 1989.
In an effort to bring justice to a victim who was brutalized and robbed of the memory necessary to identify her attackers, the New York State justice system and national mass media made victims of five black men, aged 14-16, in the most callous, coercive, and corrupt way. Sadly, each entity received their props. The news media got its ratings, the NYPD got its confession, the prosecutor, Linda Fairstein, got a conviction and went on to be a top-selling author of crime fiction, the justice system got its contribution to mass incarceration—all off the backs of black and brown boys. Yet, they had also gotten it ass backward. Mathias Reyes confessed to the crime 11 years later. Salaam, McCray, Santana, Wise, and Richardson were each cleared by DNA technology, exonerated and poorly compensated to the tune of $41.3 million by New York State.
DuVernay certainly does her part as she continues to highlight and produce content that brings nuance to injustices suffered by African Americans. Her work deserves our eyes, collective contemplation, and action. While it is understandable, the personal reasons, why many choose not to engage When They See Us, watching is important for the greater good. Support for DuVernay and other social justice warriors is the least we can do. As black people, we must be aware of the aggressive criminalization of black and brown people—which lends a hand to mass incarceration. We must know these stories and be familiar with the entities who benefit from our demise. In the weeks since the miniseries premiered, Fairstein has gotten her share of attention. The former prosecutor has been dropped by her publishing company and forced to resign from her post as a Vassar College trustee—and rightfully so. In another instance, black Columbia law students were successful at forcing another prosecutor's hand. Manhattan Assistant District Attorney Elizabeth Lederer, who was associated with the Central Park 5 case, is no longer teaching at the law school at students request for her resignation.
New statement released from the @ColumbiaLaw Black Law Students Association
Students call for #CentralPark5 prosecutor Elizabeth Lederer to be fired from her Lecturer in Law position
Also call on the law school to center anti-racism in its curriculum and pedagogy pic.twitter.com/U8By81KWBB
— Barred and Boujee (@AudreLawdAMercy) June 11, 2019
And though these justified actions against Fairstein and Lederer are not exactly justice enough, they do serve as retribution of sorts. And trust, this ain't karma at all. It is an example that shows that it is not OK to abuse leadership, nor railroad people, particularly when it involves their freedom. It is collective action in the fight against injustice and oppression. It's how we as a people do our part.
The ideas and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author's and not necessarily the opinion of Black Enterprise.
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