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Ping Pongin' With the Stars: A Celebrity Table Tennis Primer
As a kid, the fam and I had a Ping Pong table in our basement. I actually got pretty kick ass at the sport by the time I moved away from home. I haven't played the game since then, though truth be told, I think there might have been a game or two played and forgotten over the intervening years, but I still find the idea of table tennis, or as my people call it, Ping Pong, to be quite fascinating. Originating back in the 19th Century, the game was "invented" by British soldiers, who brought it back from India, or at least that's how the story goes - and they're sticking to it. The sport was something rich people played as a parlour game. Ping Pong, as a name, was trademarked in 1901 in the UK, and later sold to Parker Brothers in the US, sometime during the 1920's. That's right, much like the Frisbee and the Hula Hoop, Ping Pong is a trademarked name. All others must use the term table tennis. Actually, I believe this trademark has since faded away, but hey, Ping Pong it is. It also once was nick-named wiff-waff, but that one never quite caught on. Eventually the sport would join the Olympic roster, becoming an official competitive Olympic sport at the 1988 Games. But I did not come here today to spout off about the history of Ping Pong. My reasoning behind this post, as is more than alluded to in the title of said post, is to talk about the popularity of the sport amongst the artistic elite of the world. Strangely enough, or possibly not that strange after all, there are a slew of celebrity Ping Pong pictures ping ponging around on that world wide web thingee. How cool do Bogie & Bacall look hanging out at their Ping Pong parlour. Yeah, I know, Bogie & Bacall always look cool, but now they are cool and Ping Pongers. Well, at least they have the table. I haven't ever seen a shot of the couple actually playing the game. But I digress. There are many more stars who Ping the Pong. So why don't we look at a few of 'em. Let's start with a couple of Ping Pong playing classic Hollywood beauties.
That's right kids. Audrey Hepburn and Rita Hayworth were ping pong connoisseurs. There are actually a bunch of different pics of Audrey playin' the Pong, sometimes as a singles player, other times as a doubles partner with hubby, Mel Ferrer. Meanwhile, the lovely Miss Hayworth did a whole ping pong photo shoot on the patio of her Brentwood home. But, these beauties aside, it isn't just old Hollywood that had the Ping Ponging frenzy. Some rather groovy members of the music industry (or maybe anti-industry) caught some of that fever as well.
Yup, both Frank Zappa and David Bowie played the Pong as well. There are actually a few different pics of Bowie playin' the pong, but when one has the option of including a picture of David Bowie playing Ping Pong in a kimono and sunglasses, well one must surely go for it. But hey, Bowie and Zappa aren't the only rock icons to make this post. Check out the shots below. Now that's some star table tennis power.
That's right gang. The Beatles, apparently playing quadruples Ping Pong, and then Bob Dylan and Levon Helm playing some Pong in the rec area of a firehouse. Really, nothing more needs to be said on that subject. Seriously, I have no more to say on the Fab Four and Dylan & The Band (at least a Band member) gettin' their respective Pong on. A picture (or two) is worth that proverbial 1000 words, and all that. So, why not travel back to old Hollywood again.
So here we are back in that oh so Golden Age of Movies, with this trio of glamorous Ping Pong playing ladies. And in case you did not already know, this trio consists of Olivia de Havilland, Janet Gaynor, and Joan Crawford. Now I don't know if any of these ladies ever played together, but considering the sexual preferences of Janet and Joanie (one gay, one bi), there could have been some interplay. But I digress. Get my mind out of the gutter! Anyhoo, these three lovelies from waaay back just go to prove that Hollywood once loved their Ping Pong. Here are some more pics to prove this love.
Yeah, from little Shirley Temple to Gene Kelly to Jimmy Dean, Hollywood certainly loved their Ping Pong. There is a ton more photographic evidence that proves this theory. From Ginger Rogers to Ida Lupino to Elizabeth Taylor, Paul Newman, Robert Redford, Charlie Chaplin, Bebe Daniels, Mickey Rooney, and Judy Garland. There are also more modern celebs, such as Susan Sarandon, Vince Vaughn, Judah Friedlander, Mickey Rourke, Kate Middleton, and the President and First Lady as well. Even Stanley Kubrick got into it for his Lolita actors, overseeing James Mason and Peter Sellers practicing the Pong, but then this was probably just practice for their Ping Pong scene in the film.
But hey, enough of these Hollywood stars and musical icons, for even the big wigs of world politics have gotten into the game. Sure, according to Bobby Z, Forrest Gump has played Mao Zedong in a few rousing games of table tennis, but back in reality (a place I tend to consider lesser to the make-believe artifice of cinema, but that's another story for another day) -- yeah, back in reality, Mao has been seen with a Pong racket in his hand, as has good ole Fidel Castro. One Ping Pong table, two despots, no waiting. Oh, and yes, musical icon that he may be, one could easily consider Bob Marley to be a political figure in a way, as well. That's why he is here with Mao and Castro. Well, that and the fact that I found this trio already put together in a Google image search. I like how he seems to be laughing at his political opponents.
I could go on and on. This post could be epic in length if I posted every ping pong playing star and/or starlet I could find a photo of, but let's not do that. I mean, we all have other things to do. Though reading my blog should be at the top of that list. Ha! Anyhoo, let me close us out with Shazam and Cyborg getting ready for a match. I don't have a good feeling about that match. We may have ourselves a busted ping pong table on our hands here soon. But enough of this ping pong ponderings. That's it gang. See ya 'round the web.
Posted by Kevyn Knox at 7:27 PM
Labels: Classic Cinema, Comic Books, DC Comics, Joan Crawford, Movies, Ping Pong, The Beatles, Zappa
Birgit December 1, 2014 at 11:23 PM
Oh those wacky entertainers...and political despots...how they love ping pong. Joan Crawford looks like she is ready to destroy her competitor. Funny, I keep thinking of that pussy cat in the newsreel in a M.A.S.H. episode playing ping pong
The Silver Fox December 2, 2014 at 2:44 PM
Not really surprised that "wiff-waff" never made it...
Great research!
G. B. Miller December 3, 2014 at 5:52 AM
Love table tennis. Used to play with my father a lot and out of the hundreds of games we would play, the total amount of games that I had won you could count on one hand. Still, it was one of the few ways that we bonded.
Father Nature's Corner
Kevyn Knox December 4, 2014 at 5:50 PM
Love me some wiff-waff. Thanx for stopping by, everybody! Se ya 'round the web.
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a;IQ BABPP; October 3, 2018 at 7:58 AM
Table tennis, also known as ping-pong, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and forth across a table using small bats what is table tennis
The playing surface shall be divided into two "courts" of equal size by a vertical net running parallel to the end lines. rules of table tennis
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Home » Paul Henson Family YMCA (Prairie Village)
Free Before and After School and Full-Day Programs
Relief is here for families. Families can now enroll in Y Club Academy before and after school programs and full-day Y Learning Academy programs in Kansas at no cost through the end of the year!
Paul Henson - AOA Dinner Theater - The Play that Goes Wrong
Dinner Theater - The Play that Goes Wrong
4200 W. 79th Street Prairie Village, KS 66208
Read more about Paul Henson - AOA Dinner Theater - The Play that Goes Wrong
Wednesday, April 20, 2022 - 11:50am to Wednesday, April 20, 2022 - 3:30pm
Paul Henson Family YMCA (Prairie Village)
$38 for members, $40 for community participants. RSVP at the Welcome Center by March 20 2022. Meet at New theatre at 11:40 a.m.
Paul Henson - AOA Field Trip: Amelia Earhart Birthplace
Field Trip: Amelia Earhart Birthplace
Read more about Paul Henson - AOA Field Trip: Amelia Earhart Birthplace
Thursday, March 24, 2022 - 10:30am to Thursday, March 24, 2022 - 1:30pm
Go back in time when Amelia lived in Atchison, Kansas. This is where her dreams began and where she lived from 3 to 12 years old. Be immersed into the mystery of Amelia Earhart. Meet at 9:15 a.m. in the Paul Henson Lobby to carpool. Lunch following the tour. $8 for members, $10 for community participants.
Paul Henson - AOA Dinner Theater - "Don't Dress for Dinner"
Dinner Theater - "Don't Dress for Dinner"
Read more about Paul Henson - AOA Dinner Theater - "Don't Dress for Dinner"
Wednesday, February 9, 2022 - 11:50am to Wednesday, February 9, 2022 - 3:50pm
This comedy was a smash hit in Paris, where it played for over two years, and in London, where it ran for six years. It has since played in theatres all over the USA and the English-speaking world and was revived in Chicago and on Broadway in 2012. This production was nominated for two Tony awards. RSVP at the Welcome Center by January 3, 2022. Meet at New theatre at 11:40 a.m. $38 for members, $40 for community participants.
Paul Henson - AOA Field Trip: Harry S Truman Museum Tour
Field Trip: Harry S Truman Museum Tour
Read more about Paul Henson - AOA Field Trip: Harry S Truman Museum Tour
Thursday, January 13, 2022 - 10:30am to Thursday, January 13, 2022 - 2:00pm
The museum has just finished a massive renovation of the museum and its exhibitions, the first major renovation in more than 20 years and the largest since the museum opened its doors in 1957. State-of-the-art technology will breathe new life into one of only 14 presidential libraries in the country. Guests will see new permanent exhibits that showcase the compelling story of Harry Truman's journey from farmer, soldier and small business owner to the Presidency. Meet at 9:50 a.m. in the Paul Henson lobby to carpool. Optional lunch following tour. $12 for members, $14 for community participants.
Paul Henson - YMCA Lifeguard Course
YMCA Lifeguard Course
Read more about Paul Henson - YMCA Lifeguard Course
Friday, November 12, 2021 - 5:00pm to Sunday, November 14, 2021 - 6:00pm
Olathe Family YMCA
This course is designed to provide participants the knowledge and skills necessary to be a lifeguard and professional rescuer. Participants will be certified in American Safety and Health Institute's (ASHI) courses: CPR Pro for the Professional Rescuer, Basic First Aid for the Community, and Emergency Oxygen Administration. The course presents information on the skills and knowledge lifeguards need in pool, lake, river, surf, and waterpark environments. The comprehensive course offers up-to-date information on how to lifeguard by anticipating and preventing problems before they occur and by taking action to help those in danger when necessary. The course covers safety skills, accident prevention, scanning, guarding techniques, emergency systems, rescue skills, first aid in aquatic environments, spinal injury management, open water dangers, legal responsibilities, pool maintenance basics, and information on how to get a job as a lifeguard. The leadership competencies this course meets for the Leader Level are Inclusion, Influence, Communication, Decision Making, and Emotional Maturity.
New Dinner Theatre Restaurant: "Don't Dress for Dinner"
Tuesday, February 9, 2021 - 11:50am to Tuesday, February 9, 2021 - 3:50pm
This comedy was a smash hit in Paris, where it played for over two years, and in London, where it ran for six years. It has since played in theatres all over the USA and the English-speaking world and was revived in Chicago and on Broadway in 2012. This production was nominated for two Tony awards. RSVP at the Welcome Center by January 3rd, 2022. Meet at New Theatre at 11:40 a.m.
Paul Henson - AOA Dinner Theater Johnny & June
New Theatre Restaurant - Johnny & June
Read more about Paul Henson - AOA Dinner Theater Johnny & June
Wednesday, December 15, 2021 - 11:50am to Wednesday, December 15, 2021 - 3:50pm
A tribute concert to the music & marriage of Johnny & June". Entertainment legends take you on a glorious journey with music, laughter and love. Enjoy the classics: RING OF FIRE, I WALK THE LINE, FOLSOM PRISON BLUES, JACKSON, DADDY SANG BASS and many more. RSVP at the Welcome Center by December 1st, 2021. Meet at New Theatre at 11:40 a.m.
Paul Henson - AOA Field Trip - The NEW Kansas City Museum
Field Trip - The Kansas City Museum
Read more about Paul Henson - AOA Field Trip - The NEW Kansas City Museum
Thursday, November 11, 2021 - 10:20am to Thursday, November 11, 2021 - 3:00pm
The new Kansas City Museum will serve our community as the home of the whole story, where visitors experience a multiplicity of perspectives about Kansas City's vibrant history and cultural heritage. Located in the Historic Northeast area overlooking the Missouri River Valley and adjacent to Kessler Park and Cliff Drive, the Kansas City Museum is a beacon on the bluff for our city—illuminating the unfolding, often untold stories of the city and guiding us to a deeper understanding of how to collaborate and achieve civic unity.
Meet at 10:20 a.m. in the Paul Henson lobby to carpool.
Please bring money for optional lunch following the tour.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In order to keep up with the vision of developing Sikkim into a model GREEN State, the Hon'ble Chief Minister of Sikkim, Shri Pawan Chamling declared June 15-30 as Paryavaran Mahotsav in Sikkim. The declaration came during his public address on the occasion of launching 8th phase of State Green Mission on the 15th day of June, 2013 at the divine venue Tathagata Tsal, Ravangla in South Sikkim.
Paryavaran Mahotsav or the 'Environmental Festival' is a people's programme participated throughout the State from 15th June to 30th every year.
The State Green Mission and Ten Minutes to Earth are the visionary programmes of the Government of Sikkim and have now become the integral part of Paryavarn Mahotsav which is to be celebrated every year by the State Government.
The massive plantation drives across the State was facilitated by the Department of Forests, Environment and Wildlife Management. Free distribution of seedling of various species was carried out in an extensive manner.


You should not leave bags unattended. Mobile phones and pagers are allowed into the court room itself but should be switched off or on silent and should not be used at any time. Food and drink is not allowed into the court room and should be disposed of outside or concealed in a bag.
If they are sent to prison this will go straight into their property/account and save any wait to receive these items through the post/visits.
There is no formal dress code when attending court to support a defendant. However it is important to show respect for the court process and so it is important to dress appropriately. Certain items are discouraged or prohibited. It is not appropriate for those attending to wear shorts in court or other items of clothing that could be considered too revealing. Head wear such as hats and caps should not be worn unless for religious reasons. It is not advisable to wear clothing featuring inappropriate or offensive slogans.
Will my relative/partner be able to see me in the court room?
This will depend on the lay out of the individual court room. In more modern courts the public gallery is often positioned so that you can see the defendant. In older courts the 'dock' where the defendant stands may be positioned such that the view is restricted from the public gallery either by position or by opaque glass. If you have concerns about this you can contact the court to find out about the lay out or speak to the solicitor involved in your case who will be able to reassure your loved one that you are present during the hearing.


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Justia Patents US Patent for Pneumatic tired wheel Patent (Patent # 3,935,892)
Pneumatic tired wheel
Jun 19, 1974 - Bridgestone Tire Company, Ltd.
A pneumatic tired wheel having excellent highspeed performance after puncture comprises a tubeless tire, a bead stopper and a rim. The tubeless tire comprises a pair of elastic reinforcements having a Shore A hardness of at least 47, the bead stopper comprises an independent air-tight chamber and a crown portion with at least one inextensible reinforcing layer. The crown portion has an outer diameter determined in connection with the outer diameters of the flange of the rim and the tread portion of the tire.
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The present invention relates to a pneumatic tired wheel, and more particularly to a pneumatic tire assembly comprising a tubeless tire, an elastic bead stopper having an independent air-tight chamber inscribed within the bead portions of the tire and a rim, and having excellent highspeed performance for use in four-wheel vehicles.
Hitherto, as a tire or tire assembly in consideration of safety on puncture or burst, there have been usually proposed a double-separation type tire wherein a tubular body having another independent air-tight chamber is enclosed in the tire so as to bear a load after the puncture of the tire, a tire with a safety device wherein a supporting member made of an elastomeric material is arranged in the air-tight chamber of the tire, and a tire having a relatively thin reinforcing layer in the side wall thereof.
The double-separation type tire and the tire with the safety device, however, have common drawbacks that these tires are not suitable as a high speed running tire owing to the fact that the weight is considerably increased and that the cost becomes expensive. Especially, the former tire involves a fear of a so-called "double puncture," while the latter tire involves a fear of secondary trouble due to friction heat based on the difference of circumferential length between the supporting member and the inner surface of the tire. Therefore, these tires have not yet been put to practical use. On the other hand, the tires having the reinforced layer in the side wall thereof provide a rigidity required for running on rough roads to the side wall of the tire and prevent damage resulting from external cracks, but do not ensure the safe running after the puncture.
Moreover, provision has been made of a tubular body arranged in the tire so as to inscribe the bead portions and constituting an air-tight means when the tubeless tire is assembled with the rim having bead seats parallel to a rotation axis of tire (a so-called flat base rim), but this tubular body does not act as a bead stopper after the puncture of the tire.
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved pneumatic tired wheel which ensures not only the same performance as that of the conventional tire in normal running but also excellent running performance after the puncture. For instance, when a passenger car provided with pneumatic tired wheels according to the present invention runs on an expressway at high speeds, even if puncture suddenly occurs and the internal pressure of the tire is rapidly released, the load can be born by the rigidity in the side portions of the tire without shifting the bead portions into the central concave part of the rim and the car can rapidly be moved to a safety place or repair shop while maintaining the high speed without giving unrest feeling to the driver.
A feature of the present invention is the provision of a pneumatic tired wheel having excellent high-speed performance, comprising a tubeless tire, an elastic bead stopper having an independent and annular air-tight chamber inscribed within the bead portions of the tire and a rim, said tubeless tire comprising a pair of side portions extending from said bead portions and a tread portion extending between said side portions and further comprising a pair of elastic reinforcements having a Shore A hardness of at least 47 and made integral with said side portions so as to reinforce a thin area from said bead portion to said tread portion, said elastic reinforcements having a thickness gradually decreasing toward the bead portions and toward the center of the tread portion and having a maximum thickness not more than 15 percent of the maximum width of the tire when it is subjected to the internal pressure, said bead stopper encircling said rim together with said bead portions while making contact with the inner surface of the bead portions and the rim and having a crown portion provided with at least one inextensible reinforcing layer substantially extending along the width of the tire up to the inner surface of the tire, the outer diameter of said crown portion being larger than the outer diameter of a flange of the rim but small enough to keep the crown portion of the bead stopper from contact with the inner surface of the tread portion during running under a punctured condition.
According to the present invention, the elastic reinforcement for the tire consists of rubber or a rubbery elastomeric material having a Shore A hardness of at least 47, preferably 63 to 94. The maximum thickness of the elastic reinforcement is not more than 15 percent, preferably 2 to 8 percent of the maximum width of the tire taken when it is subjected to the internal pressure. Each of the elastic reinforcements is adhered to the inner surface of the tire or sandwitched between carcass plies or between the carcass and the outer rubber layer. The end of the elastic reinforcements directed toward the bead portion is overlapped with one end directed toward the side portion of a stiffener made of hard rubber or of an additional cord reinforced layer of the bead portion, said overlap being effected directly or through an intermediate layer such as carcass ply and the like. On the other hand, the end of the elastic reinforcements directed toward the tread portion is preferably overlapped with at least either side end of the reinforcing layer provided for the breaker of the tire directly or through the reinforcing layer such as carcass ply and the like.
The elastic reinforcements are, of course, endless in the circumferential direction of the tire. In the cross section of the tire, each elastic reinforcement extends from the position of the maximum width of the tire to a position close to the bead portion and to that position which is substantially located over the tread edge portion toward the center of the tread portion. It is preferable to make the elastic reinforcements integral with each other at the center of the tread portion and to extend the other ends of the elastic reinforcements up to the bead portions, respectively.
Further, the elastic reinforcements may be used together with a cord reinforced layer consisting of organic fibers such as nylon fiber, rayon fiber, polyester fiber, aromatic polyamide fiber and the like or metal wires, glass fibers or a canvas reinforced layer.
By such an arrangement, the inner periphery of the tread portion or the breaker is born at each opposite end of the elastic reinforcements, so that the separation of the central part of the tread portion from ground or the significant decrease of the pressure of ground contact is not only prevented by the rigidity of said reinforcements in a cross-sectional direction even after the puncture, but also the contact area increases as the reinforced shoulder portion of the tread portion comes into contact with ground, and consequently the cornering and stabilizing performance is not significantly lowered even if the inner pressure the tire is subjected to becomes zero.
The elastic reinforcement is preferably applied to radial tires having a rigidity which is made small from the shoulder portion to the side portion in view of the construction of the tire or applied to tires having a relatively round shoulder portion in view of the shape of the tire, that is, to round shoulder tires.
In order to improve the above described performance of the tire after the puncture, the bead portions of the tire are fixed firmly to the bead seats of the rim, because in the rim for four-wheel vehicles the bead seats are inclined with respect to the rotation axis of the tire toward the concave part in the central portion of the rim by an angle of about 5.degree.. As a result, the tire may be easily removed from the rim when the inner pressure is released. Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a reliable means for fixing the bead portions of the tire to the rim.
As such a fixing means, provision is made of a bead stopper which when used with the tire having excellent high-speed performance must satisfy the following requirements.
1. High reliability in performance. If the tire is punctured, it is necessary to firmly fix the bead portions of the tire to the bead seats of the rim in order to prevent a socalled double puncture.
2. Light in weight. The heavy weight causes not only an increase of moment of inertia of the wheel but also an unbalance in moment of rotation. Further, it increases the unsprung weight of the vehicle so that such heavy weight is not preferable in view of vibrations.
3. Easy in detachability. The bead stopper should be enclosed in a given space, so that the detachment must be easy.
4. Less expensive. Among automobile parts, the tire and rim are expensive, so that a significant increase of the cost of these parts is not desirable.
Taking the above requirements into consideration, the inventors have made various experimental studies with respect to the bead stopper having an independent air-tight chamber. The experimental tests have yielded an improved construction in which the bead stopper made of rubber or a rubbery elastomeric material is joined in an annular form along the bead portions of the tire and has a crown portion having an approximately equal thickness in a cross-sectional direction and a reinforcing layer composed of at least one inextensible cord selected from the group consisting of organic fibers such as rayon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber and aromatic polyamide fibers and metallic and glass cords and arranged in the crown portion facing the inner surface of the tread portion, and the outer diameter of the central part of the crown portion is made larger than the outer diameter of the flange of the rim in order to facilitate the detachment of the bead stopper from the rim, is made smaller than a half of the height in the cross-section of the tire when the tire is subjected to the internal pressure, and is so small that the crown portion of the bead stopper does not come into contact with the inner surface of the tread portion even when the tire is punctured during the running, thereby preventing the double puncture.
When the bead portions of the tire are firmly fixed to the bead seats of the rim through the above described bead stopper, the rigidity of the bead portions is distributed to the side walls of the tire when it is punctured, so that a better synergistic effect is obtained in association with the reinforcing effect of the tire.
Moreover, as the reinforcing layer, use may be, of course, made of various short-fiber blended rubber or a hard rubber unit.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the pneumatic tired wheel according to the present invention;
FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of examples of side reinforced tire to which the present invention is applicable, respectively;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the elastic bead stopper according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pneumatic tired wheel according to the present invention when it is punctured; and
FIG. 6 is a graph showing pressure distribution of ground contact of the tire.
FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic tired wheel according to the present invention comprising a tubeless tire, a bead stopper and a rim, in which a pair of elastic reinforcements are adhered to the inner surface of the tire and the bead stopper is arranged in a space between the bead portions of the tire.
Referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 designates a tubeless tire, 2 a tread portion, 3 side portions and 4 bead portions. A carcass 6 consists of two reinforced cord layers inclined with respect to a center line C--C of the tire by an angle of about 90.degree. and is bent around a bead core 5 and outwardly turned up, and fixed at one end thereof in the bead portion 4.
A breaker 8 consists of four reinforced cord layers each serving as a belt means and inclined with respect to the center line C--C outside the carcass ply 6 by an angle of about 15.degree. so as to strongly strengthen the tread portion 2.
The pair of elastic reinforcements S are symmetrically arranged in the inner surface of the tire 1 with respect to the center line C--C. The inside surface of the tire inclusive of the inner surfaces of the elastic reinforcements is covered with an inner liner 7. In this embodiment, the ends of the elastic reinforcements S near the tread portion are overlapped with the side ends of the breaker 8 through the carcass 6, while the ends of the reinforcements S near the bead portions are overlapped with ends of stiffeners S' each made of hard rubber near the side portions 3 through the carcass 6, respectively, whereby a relatively thinner portion of the side wall of the tire is strongly strengthened.
The tire 1 of such a construction is fitted into bead seats 22 of a rim 21 and a bead stopper 11 is arranged in a space formed between the bead portions 4 and closed by the rim 21. The bead stopper 11 consists of a rubber tube 15, which constitutes an air-tight chamber independent of the tire, and a reinforcing layer 16 composed of two rubber coated cord layers 16a and 16b and arranged circumferentially an and along the radially outer surface of the tube 15 wherein the two cord layers 16a and 16b cross each other at an angle of not more than 20.degree. with respect to the circumferential direction of the bead stopper 11. Reference numeral 12 represents a crown portion consisting of the cord reinforced layer 16 and that wall portion of the tube 15 which makes contact with the inner surface of the layer 16. The substantially overall width of the crown portion 12 is covered with the cord reinforced layer 16. A space member 18 of hard rubber having a Shore A hardness of at least 55 is arranged in a space defined by the end of the layer 16, a side portion 13 of the tube 15 and the bead portion 4, whereby the rigidity of the outer area and side area in the circumferential direction of the bead stopper 11 is enhanced.
The bead stopper 11 is provided with a valve 31 common to both a space portion Eb of the bead stopper 11 and a space portion Ea of the tire and supplying internal pressures to these space portions. An air channel G communicating the space portion Ea with the valve 31 is formed in the outer surface of the side portion 13 by molding. As a result, the required internal pressure can be exactly established in both the space portions Ea, Eb with the aid of a two way adapter (not shown) for the valve 31. When the tube 15 is subjected to the internal pressure, the pressure is exerted to the bead portions 4 of the tire and to a concave part 24 of the rim 21, so that even if the inner pressure of the tire becomes zero by the puncture, the bead portions 4 are not removed from the bead seats 22 to the concave part 24 of the rim and the load is born by the rigidity of the tire itself, whereby the vehicle can be run safely.
That is, if the air in the space portion Ea is released by the puncture, the side portion 3 becomes widened somewhat in the width direction of the tire owing to the fact that the load is supported by the rigidity of the side portion 3 thereof. But, the lower end of the space member 18 is superimposed through the bead portion 4 upon the upper end of a flange 23 of the rim 21 or approaches thereto. As a result, the side portions 13 of the tube 15 are caused to urge the bead portions 4 against the flanges 23 due to the internal pressure of the space portion Eb, whereby the double puncture is prevented and the rim is made integral with the tire. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the lower end of the elastic reinforcement S overlaps the upper end of the stiffener S', so that the rigidity of the area near the bead portion 4 is effectively enhanced and consequently the reinforcing effect of the relatively small reinforcement can be unexpectedly increased. As a result, the load is born by the tire itself even after the puncture and the unexpectedly excellent running performance can be maintained as will be mentioned below.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tire to which the present invention is applicable.
In this embodiment, the elastic reinforcements S are arranged along all over the inner surface of the tire without using the inner liner 7 shown in FIG. 1. The elastic reinforcements S play the role of the inner liner 7.
The thickness of the reinforcements S is maximum at a relatively higher position of the side portion 3 and gradually decreases in directions toward the center line C--C and toward the bead portions 4, respectively, and as a result, the side portions 3 whose thickness is thinnest in the cross-section of the tire can be strengthened by the elastic reinforcement S.
The ends of the elastic reinforcements S near the tread portion 2 are joined together at the center line C--C of the tread portion 2, while the other ends thereof terminate at the top of the bead portions 4, respectively. It is a matter of course that the elastic reinforcements S are endless in the circumferential direction of the tire.
In the above arrangement, it is important that the thickness of the reinforcements S at the center line C--C must not be made thick. If the thickness is too thick, the weight of the portion concerned of the reinforcements S is increased and the central part of the tread portion 2 is pushed outwardly by a centrifugal force due to the rotation of the tire during its high-speed running. As a result, the width of ground contact of the tread portion is decreased and the pressure distribution of ground contact becomes ununiform and consequently the above described thickness is not favorable in view of the performance of the tire.
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the tire in which the elastic reinforcements S are extended from the vicinity of the end of the tread portion 2 to the vicinity of the upper part of the bead portions 4 and the inner liner 7 is adhered to the inner surface of the tire inclusive of the reinforcements. The elastic reinforcements S have a maximum thickness at a positions slightly near the bead portion 4 different from the tire shown in FIG. 2. The upper and lower ends of the reinforcements S overlap the ends of the tread portion 2 and the upper end of the stiffeners S', respectively, so that the thickness of the cross-section of the tire becomes approximately uniform from the tread portion 2 to the bead portions 4.
In the above, the fundamental examples of arranging the elastic reinforcements S in the inner surface of the tire have been described, but the reinforcements S may be arranged between the outer rubber layer 9 and the carcass 6 or in the inner portion of the carcass 6 (i.e. between plies of carcass in the tire having a plurality of carcass plies).
The above described arrangement may be applied to not only radial ply tires but also a so-called bias ply tires. However, a better result can be obtained by applying the said arrangement to radial ply tires whose rigidity of the side portion is smaller than that of the tread portion, and also is small if compared with that of the bias tires, and particularly to round shoulder tires having a roundshaped area from the tread portion to the shoulder portions.
Moreover, the following noteworthy points may be mentioned in the practice of the present invention.
1. The use of fiber or cord reinforced layer together with the elastic reinforcements does not interfere with the object of the present invention whatever is the manner of using them.
2. A plurality of elastic reinforcements may be arranged at the same or different position in the cross-section of the tire, but the total thickness of these reinforcements must be of a range not more than 15 percent of the maximum width of the tire when it is subjected to the internal pressure.
3. In tires having a large ratio of the height of the cross-section of the tire to the maximum width of the tire, that is, tires having a large aspect ratio, it is necessary to make the maximum thickness of the elastic reinforcements S larger within the above range because the rigidity of the side portion in the tire is relatively small. In this case, as the elastic reinforcements S, materials having an excellent thermal conductivity may preferably be used.
FIG. 4 is a schematic detail view of the bead stopper 11 shown in FIG. 1 before it is subjected to the internal pressure.
The bead stopper 11 has a trapezoidal cross-section defined by a crown portion 12, side portions 13 and a base portion 14 and consists mainly of a tube 15 having a relatively thin thickness and made of rubber or a rubbery elastomeric material. In the crown portion 12, cord reinforced layers 16a and 16b and further a rubber or rubbery elastomeric outer layer 17 are superimposed one upon the other on the outer surface of the tube 15 in the substantially overall width of the crown portion 12. Furthermore, a pair of space members 18 are provided on the areas connecting the crown portion 12 to the side portions 13 so as to strengthen these areas. The relationship of the bead stopper to the tire and the rim is selected in such a manner that the size of the bead stopper 11, before it is subjected to the internal pressure, is equal to or slightly smaller than the inner size of the tire after it is subjected to the internal pressure. If the size of the bead stopper 11 is larger than the inner size of the tire, the crown portion 12 is deformed or wrinkled when it is subjected to the internal pressure.
The cross-section of the crown portion 12 may preferably be made substantially flat or concave inwardly.
As the reinforcing layers 16a, 16b in the crown portion 12, cord materials may preferably be used and in this case these cord materials are arranged at an angle required for inhibiting the expansion of the crown portion 12 in the circumferential direction, preferably a smaller angle. In this embodiment, the cord reinforced layer 16a is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction by an angle of 0.degree. and the cord reinforced layer 16b is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction by an angle of 90.degree.. However, the cord reinforced layers 16a and 16b may be, of course, inclined symmetrically with respect to the circumferential direction by a given angle or only one reinforced layer may be inclined with respect to the circumferential direction by an angle of 0.degree..
The side portions 13 and the base portion 14 are necessary to expand to a certain degree due to the internal pressure, so that no addition of reinforcing material is preferable. However, fiber or cord reinforcing materials may be added, if necessary.
The height in the cross-section of the bead stopper 11 is determined depending upon the degree of deformation of the tire after the puncture. The inventors have examined scrap tires on what length of a nail tends to thrust into tires for automobile vehicles. The thus obtained results are shown in the following Table 1.
Table 1 ______________________________________ Length of nail Number of nails Ratio* (mm) (%) ______________________________________ <30 109 70.0 45 20 12.8 60 24 15.4 90 2 1.2 <150 1 0.6 Total 156 100.0 ______________________________________ * A ratio of number of nails thrust to total number of nails.
From Table 1, it can be seen that the above ratio increases as the length of the nail becomes small and is equal to 70 percent in case of nails each having a length of not more than 30 mm. Furthermore, the nail hardly thrusts into the tire at an angle perpendicular to the width direction of the tread portion and the longer nail has a strong tendency to thrust into the tire at a small angle to the ground, mostly at an angle not more than 45.degree.. Therefore, it has been found that even when the tire is deformed by the puncture during the running, if the bead stopper does not come into contact with the inner surface of the tread portion, the nail hardly reaches the bead stopper 11. Especially, in order that the nail does not reach the bead stopper 11 under the above described circumstance, it is preferable that the distance from the outer surface of the tread portion to the bead stopper 11 is more than 30 mm.
If the height in cross-section of the bead stopper is too small and the outer diameter of the crown portion 12 in the central part is smaller than the outer diameter of the flanges 23, it is difficult to house the bead stopper in the rim for automobile vehicle as shown in FIG. 1.
The invention will now be described with reference to the practical use of pneumatic tired wheel comprising a tubeless tire, a bead stopper and a rim.
As the tubeless tire 1, there was used a common radial ply tire suitable for use in high-speed running at a size of 185/70 HR13 and having two-ply nylon carcass and four-ply rayon breaker.
The elastic reinforcements were made of a hard rubber having a Shore A hardness of 83 and were applied on the inner surface of the tire in such a manner that the maximum thickness of the reinforcements S is arranged at the position slightly higher than the position of the maximum width of the tire as shown in FIG. 2. The maximum thickness of the elastic reinforcements S was 5.4 percent (10 mm) of the maximum width (185 mm) of the tire when it is subjected to the internal pressure.
The bead stopper 11 had a shape and structure as shown in FIG. 4. In this embodiment, the width of the crown portion (Wa) was 120 mm, the width of the base portion (Wb) was 60 mm, the outer and inner diameters (Ra, Rb) were 400 mm and 310 mm, respectively and the angle .alpha. of the base portion 14 to the side portion 13 was 50.degree..
The tube 15 and the outer rubber layer 17 were made of rubber having a Shore A hardness of 45 and usually used as an inner liner for a tubeless tire, and had thicknesses of 2.0 mm and 1.0 mm, respectively. The cord reinforced layers 16a and 16b, which are formed by 1,650 d/3 rayon cords in a number of 34.8 cords/50 mm and coated with rubber, were inclined with respect to the circumferential direction by angles of 90.degree. and 0.degree., respectively. The widths of the cord reinforced layers 16a and 16b were 110 mm and 116 mm, respectively and the thickness of these layers was 1 mm. Accordingly, the total thickness (t) of the crown portion was 5 mm in this embodiment. The space member 18 was made of a relatively hard rubber having a Shore A hardness of 63 which was used as a rubber for the tread portion of tire.
The tubeless tire and the bead stopper were combined with a 5J-rim and then each of the space portions Ea and Eb are subjected to internal pressures through the common valve 31 shown in FIG. 1.
In this case, it is preferable that the internal pressure of the space portion Eb is slightly higher than that of the space portion Ea. Because, if the latter pressure is higher than the former pressure, the bead stopper is compressed by the internal pressure of the space portion Ea and cannot be maintained at the given shape.
When both the space portions are subjected to the internal pressure at 1.7 Kg/cm.sup.2, the crown portion 12 was flat and the height (H) from the bead seats 22 to the crown portion 12 and the height (h) from the bead seats 22 to the flanges 23 were 40 mm and 16.8 mm, respectively. That is, the bead stopper was positioned upwardly from the flanges 23 by the distance of 23.2 mm.
The following comparative experiments were made with respect to the pneumatic tired wheel according to the present invention comprising the reinforced tubeless tire, the bead stoppper and the 5J-rim (hereinafter called to an assembly A) and a pneumatic tired wheel for comparison wherein the elastic reinforcements are not applied to the side portions of the tubeless tire (hereinafter called to an assembly B).
1. When the internal pressure of the tire was released by driving the nail of 30 mm length into the tread portion of the assembly A in a vertical direction and applying a static load of 400 Kg as shown in FIG. 5, the nail K did not reach the bead stopper. In this case, the internal pressure in the bead stopper was 1.7 Kg/cm.sup.2.
2. The pressure distribution of ground contact in the width direction of the tread portion under load was measured with respect to the assemblies A and B, when they are subjected to the internal pressure at 1.7 Kg/cm.sup.2, respectively, or when the internal pressure was released, to obtain results as shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the static load was 400 Kg.
When the assemblies A and B are subjected to the internal pressures, respectively, there was substantially no difference between both the assemblies in the pressure distribution of ground contact, so that such a pressure distribution was shown by AB in FIG. 6.
Regarding the assembly A in the released state of the internal pressure, it can be seen from FIG. 6 that the value of the pressure of ground contact at the central part of the tread portion decreases to about 1/3, but such a decrease of the pressure of ground contact is supplemented by contacting ground with the shoulder portion which does not contact with ground when it is subjected to the internal pressure.
On the contrary, the assembly B showed that when the internal pressure is released, the pressure concentrates only to the rib at the end of the tread portion and the side portions of the tire are completely buckled and as a result, the load is born only by the shoulder portion just below the flange. This fact has a serious influence on the cornering performance as will be mentioned below.
3. Under the above described item (2), the cornering power (indication of cornering performance) was measured when the tire is subjected to the internal pressure or when the internal pressure becomes zero assuming the puncture. As a result, the cornering power of the assembly A is superior by 10 percent to that of the assembly B when it is subjected to the internal pressure. At the internal pressure of zero, the assembly B did not produce the cornering power due to the fact that the bead portion is removed from the rim into the concave part thereof, while the assembly A still possessed 45 percent of the cornering power when it is subjected to the internal pressure.
4. The running test under the punctured condition was made with respect to the assemblies A and B using a passenger car wherein only the internal pressure of the tire at the right front wheel was zero. The car was run at a speed of 80 Km/h in a circuit course. As a result, the assembly A showed no change of tire even after the continuous running of 200 Km, while the assembly B showed that the bead portion is removed from the rim into the concave part thereof immediately after the start of running and the tire is broken only at the distance of 2 Km as the running was further continued.
Even if the pneumatic tired wheel according to the present invention is punctured during the running and the internal pressure becomes zero, the bead portion is not removed from the rim into the concave part thereof and also the rigidity of the side portion of the tire is effectively increased by the cooperation of the elastic reinforcements arranged at the side portions with the side portions of the tire and the bead stopper, so that the buckling due to the formation of wrinkles at the side portions is prevented. Thus, the increase of abnormal generation of heat is previously prevented even if the running is further continued. Furthermore, the area of ground contact serving effectively for the running is not decreased, so that the automobile vehicle after the puncture can be safely run up to a repair shop or a safety place of replacing the tire. This fact is an unexpected improvement of the conventional tires.
1. In a pneumatic tired wheel including a tubeless tire having a relatively thick tread portion, a pair of side portions extending from said tread portion, a pair of bead portions extending from said side portions, a carcass embedded in said side portions across said bead portions, said bead portions being stiffened with at least one additional reinforcing layer disposed therein, an elastic bead stopper having an independent and air-tight chamber inscribed within said bead portions, a rim having a pair of flanges; the improvements comprising a pair of elastic reinforcements having a Shore A hardness of at least 47 and extending along said side portions and formed integral therewith, the thickness of said elastic reinforcements gradually decreasing toward their associated bead portions and toward the center of said tread portion, with the maximum thickness adjacent said side portions being from 3 to 15 percent of the maximum width of the tire when it is inflated, and each end portion of said elastic reinforcements overlapping said additional reinforcing layer in said bead portion and the thickened tread portion, thereby to supplement the thickness of said side portions and to enhance the inherent rigidity thereof so as to support a load even under a punctured condition, said bead stopper having a crown portion which is substantially flat in cross section and comprises at least one inextensible cord layer forming an angle of cords of not more than 20.degree. with respect to the circumferential direction, a pair of relatively thin and extensible side portions associated with the end portions of said crown portion comprised substantially of rubber material only and a pair of space members comprising a given volume of rubber having a Shore A hardness of at least 55 and arranged between each end of said cord layer in end portions of said crown portion and its associated side portion of the bead stopper, the outer diameter of said crown portion being larger than the outer diameter of said rim flanges but small enough to keep said crown portion within a defined space between said bead portions of the tire, thereby each of said bead portions is locked tightly in place between each side portion of said bead stopper and each of said rim flanges.
2. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said elastic reinforcements has a maximum thickness within a range of 3 to 8 percent of the maximum width of the tire when it is inflated and a Shore A hardness of 63 to 94.
3. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said crown portion includes two rubber coated reinforcing layers of inextensible cords crossing each other at an angle of not more than 20.degree. with respect to the circumferential direction and extending substantially over the width of said crown portion.
4. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said crown portion includes two rubber coated reinforcing layers of inextensible cords crossing each other at angles of 0.degree. to 90.degree. with respect to the circumferential direction, respectively, and extending substantially over the width of said crown portion.
5. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said inextensible reinforcing layer in the crown portion of the bead stopper is made of a cord selected from the group consisting of a metal, glass and organic fibers such as rayon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, aromatic polyamide fiber and the like.
6. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 5, wherein rayon cord is used as said reinforcing cord for the crown portion of the bead stopper.
7. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tire comprises a pair of round shoulders formed at end portions of said tread portion, a carcass having at least one inextensible cord layer inclined with respect to a center line of the tire by an angle of 90.degree. and a breaker disposed as a belt means outside said carcass in said tread portion, and each end portion of said elastic reinforcements directed in the center of the tread portion is overlapped with said breaker.
8. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said side portions of said bead stopper are composed of rubber material only.
9. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 8, wherein the inner circumferential end of said space members is substantially near the level of the outer circumferential end of said flanges when the tubeless tire and the bead stopper are combined with the rim.
10. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bead stopper is provided with a common valve for applying the internal pressure to the space portion of both the bead stopper and the tire, and at least one air channel communicating said valve with the space portion of the tire is formed in the side portion of the bead stopper by molding.
11. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said elastic reinforcements is arranged between the inner liner and a carcass inside the tire.
12. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of said elastic reinforcements extends substantially up to the ends of the bead portions and the other ends thereof are joined together at the center position of the tread portion.
14. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said elastic reinforcements is arranged between the plies of carcass.
15. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said elastic reinforcements is arranged between a carcass and the outer rubber layer.
16. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said elastic reinforcements has a maximum thickness at a position of the side portions of the tire near the tread portion.
17. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position of maximum thickness in each said elastic reinforcement is located at a substantially central position on the side portion of the tire having a thinnest gauge.
18. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cord layer for the elastic reinforcements is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a metal, glass and organic fibers such as nylon fiber, rayon fiber, polyester fiber, aromatic polyamide fiber and the like.
19. A pneumatic tired wheel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the portions of said bead stopper inclusive of said side portions which are held in contact with said bead portions of the tire and said rim are composed of rubber material only and a space member comprising a given volume of rubber having a Shore A hardness of at least 55 is arranged between one end of said at least one reinforcing layer and said portion of the bead stopper.
2169041 August 1939 Gammeter
2674291 April 1954 Campbell
2898969 August 1959 Pfeiffer
2900005 August 1959 Riggs
2917096 December 1959 Snyder
3421535 January 1969 Hawkes et al.
3464477 September 1969 Verdier
3486547 December 1969 Powers
Filed: Jun 19, 1974
Date of Patent: Feb 3, 1976
Assignee: Bridgestone Tire Company, Ltd. (Tokyo)
Inventors: Iwao Arimura (Kodaira), Yasuo Suzuki (Akigawa), Akira Matsuda (Higashi-Murayama), Akio Sato (Higashi-Murayama)
Primary Examiner: Robert B. Reeves
Assistant Examiner: Francis J. Bartuska
Law Firm: Sughrue, Rothwell, Mion, Zinn & Macpeak
Current U.S. Class: 152/330RF; 152/341; 152/353R
International Classification: B60C 506; B60C 1700;


text:
EU wants to resume negotiations with Iran
Brussels, Oct 10, IRNA
EU-Iran-Solana
The European Union High Representative for common foreign and security policy, Javier Solana, Monday reiterated that the 25-member European bloc wants negotiations to resume with the Islamic Republic on the nuclear issues.
''Our position continues to be an open position. We want negotiations to resume and we hope very much that negotiations will resume,'' Solana told reporters in Brussels Monday in reply to IRNA's question on EU-Iran negotiations.
Asked to comment on reports that South Africa was to present proposals linked with the EU-Iran nuclear talks, Solana replied," we have to wait and see and analyze it.''
He said there were rumors about the proposal even before the UN General Assembly but it was not mentioned in the speeches of either South African President Thabo Mbeki or of the Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
"We have to see how is the proposal and how it is taken in the (IAEA) Board of Governors and how they analyze it, if it is put on the table,'' said the EU foreign policy chief.
Solana added that ''there is still a possibility for a political solution and to cooperate and negotiate with Iran .''
He said the Nobel Peace prize awarded to IAEA and its head Mohammad ElBaradei was in recognition for the work that they have done.


This picture always makes me smile. It's of our Westie, Fred, walking among rows of Muscadet grapes a few years back on a holiday. I like the way he is walking purposefully, as if he knows where he's going, similar to one of the Wine Dogs. And I like the colours – especially the blue sky, because we didn't see much of that during our two week stay near Nantes.
I'd always wanted to go back to the Loire to revisit happy childhood memories of a magical camping-and-castles family holiday. The added bonus this time was that, as an adult, I wanted to add wine into the mix as well. With pet passports, we thought we could take the dog too. But finding a cottage to rent which takes dogs in that part of France was strangely troublesome. So we ended up a former bakehouse on a farm near Nantes. It rained almost every day. It was unseasonably cold for a June. The bakehouse was poorly furnished in that rural Formica look that the French can excel in. Rat fleas on the farm attacked poor Fred and he was in misery, tearing out clumps of fur. And the local vet reneged on our agreement to issue the documentation to get Fred back to the UK, so we had to find a vet in Cherbourg on a Sunday, which also happened to be Bastille day, to inject Fred again.
But when I see this picture, I (almost) forget about all of that. I remember us hurtling down the autoroute to visit Saumur, Angers and Chinon. I remember us taking Fred into the stunning Brasserie La Cigale for oysters and Muscadet (us, not him) and no one turning a hair. Ditto La Toile a Beurre in Ancenis, where this time we were all drenched and were comforted by the most heavenly ile flottante I'd ever tasted. Above all, I remember the wine section of the nearby hypermarket, which focused on local wines, and trying everything.
It is because of that holiday that I learnt about how Sauvignon Blanc could taste so different from one end of the Loire to the other, developing a particular liking for Quincy and Menetou Salon. I discovered how Chenin Blanc could range from a fresh, herby-citrus Saumur Blanc to a rich Vouvray through to a sweet, golden Coteaux du Layon. I understood that Cabernet Franc was more than just a workhorse blender, especially in the guise of Bourgueil. Finally, after experiencing the nasty, cheap Muscadet that used to be prevalent in the UK, I learnt that Muscadet did taste of something, especially if it had those alluring words 'sur lie'.
So, despite the misery, when I look back on this holiday I am filled with warm and happy thoughts. A case of rosé-tinted glasses? Perhaps. But I would do it again in a heartbeat. Although this time, I'd leave Fred in the tender care of family back home.
I love the great new SipSwooshSpit competition – Spot the Dog! Put your "X" on the coupon where you think the dog might be.


The Yukon tax brackets and personal tax credits were increased for 2015 by an indexation factor of 1.017. Yukon uses the Federal indexation factor. The indexation factor, bracket thresholds and personal amounts for 2015 have been confirmed to Canada Revenue Agency amounts.
The 2015 income tax rates were revised by the Yukon 2015 Budget - see Financial Information (pdf - see page 18), which included cancellation of the surtax.
The dividend tax credit rate for non-eligible dividends is automatically revised based on the lower small business corporate income tax rate.
The dividend tax credit rates for both eligible & non-eligible dividends are automatically revised based on the new highest income tax rate.
For more information see Yukon.


EHP Labs Oxywhey Lean Protein review is here. In this EHP Labs Oxywhey Lean Protein review I'm going to describe in painstaking detail every little thing you could ever want to know about this high performance protein powder. But is it really high performance? That's what we're going to find out in this review. The first thing we'll discuss, after spending a minimum of one paragraph telling you about my exciting life and blog, is the flavor. I was lucky enough to get my hands on ALL THREE flavors of EHP Oxywhey and that means I get to tell you about each one. Most importantly I will be able to tell you which of the three is the best. Here's a spoiler- just kidding you've gotta keep reading! LOL I'm so funny sometimes, aren't I? I know. I know. After I actually do tell you what's the best flavor of Oxywhey, I'll talk a little bit about the formula and what the ingredients are that go into the product. Is this product protein spiked like Rule 1 Protein? You're going to find out. Lastly, I'll do a full label design shakedown because I love label design and EHP Labs actually does an ok job. I'll close things off with some departing thoughts on EHP Labs Oxywhey Lean Protein and ultimately award a final review score, while taking the cost per serving into consideration. So why don't we get things started. Welcome to the official BPW review of EHP Labs Oxywhey 100% Lean Protein Formula!
If you were to ask me what's going on in my life right now, you would probably hear a snore. Because I am honestly tired AS FUARK and I don't know if I'm going to finish this review before I fall asleep. But guess what? I'm damn well going to try. And then I'm damn well going to take an unbelievable nap. After I do cardio. Yes, I am certifiably insane. Because I already worked out this morning (the reason for the tiredness in the first place), and nobody in their right mind works out twice in a five hour window except Fit Life Allie. But when I started this blog I made a silent promise to my readers to give them what they need to know about their favorite fitness supplements. On my current pace of one per day, I think I'm doing a pretty darn good job fulfilling on that promise. So let's perk up and start talking about EHP Labs Oxywhey Lean Protein! This is the second EHP Labs Product that I've tried behind the ever-popular powdered fat burner Oxyshred. Since I did really enjoy that product, I was pumped to dig into my OxyWhey. So how is EHP's Protein? Let's find out. I'll begin with the taste. It's all about the taste.
What's the Best Flavor of EHP OxyWhey?
Strawberry Milkshake (First): Surprisingly, strawberry milkshake is the best flavor of EHP OxyWhey. The surprising thing is that for me personally I'm never a huge fan of the strawberry flavored protein powders. But I was really quite pleasantly surprised with the performance of EHP's Whey protein with the Strawberry flavor. I mixed two scoops of OxyWhey into about 12 ounces of whole milk. That's right- whole milk people. You know from reading my other protein powders that whole milk is how I roll. There's a reason it's what we drink to nurture into human beings. And I'm tryna make Gainz out here. LOL. Not really. But when I was testing these flavors it was immediately after a very serious leg-day workout. We're talking sets on sets of front squats. And back squats. Back to back. Bam. But yes. The strawberry flavor is tops. You get tons of smooth almost vanilla creaminess with this flavor so don't go into it thinking it's going to taste like a berry smoothies. It doesn't. It tastes like a diner milkshake. And I mean that in the BEST 'whey' possible.
Delicious Chocolate (Second): The second best flavor of EHP's protein offering is the delicious chocolate. I was actually going into the review anticipating that I would end up liking this one the most. But then of course the strawberry milkshake happened. The delicious chocolate flavor, to me, tastes like a piece of chocolate frosted cake. I don't know how they did it, but I found myself practically chewing this shake. That's how unbelievable it was. If you've ever had the chocolate cake from the Cheesecake Factory, that's about what you should be expecting from this flavor. Similar to the Strawberry Milkshake, this flavor has a tremendous creamy element to it that you don't get everyday in your protein powders. It really is a tough decision on which is better between this and the Strawberry Milkshake flavor.
French Vanilla (Third): The 'worst' flavor of EHP Labs Oxywhey Lean Protein is the French Vanilla. 'Worst' is in quotes because even this flavor has some nice elements to it. The first initial reaction to each sip is a rather strong aroma of french vanilla. It almost has those floral notes to it that let you know right up front "hey I'm French". It's crazy how you always know when something (or someone) is French. There's a certain unmistakable flamboyance about it/them where you know RIGHT away. This protein powder flavor is just a tad sweeter than the other two in my opinion, which will make it just right if you have a sweet tooth, and just a tad TOO sweet if you are more middle-of-the-road on sweetness. Even thought this is technically the worst flavor of EHP Labs Oxywhey Lean Protein I want to re-iterate that even this flavor is quite good.
Once again it looks like we have another 'spiked' protein on our hands. As you may have read in yesterday's Rule 1 Whey Protein Review, there is a phenomenon in the protein shake world called 'Protein Spiking'. This was first brought to light by one of, if not THE, supplement industries foremost expert Doctor Jim Stoppani (creator of the JYM Supplement Sciences Line. Read my JYM reviews here).
The interesting additions to this protein blend are those final few- which give it the fat burning elements that make it a true EHP product. The 'Lean Protein Formula' is hinting that this protein will both build lean muscle without causing additional weight gain, since it actually has some fat burners in it as well. What I don't know is HOW MUCH of the fat burning ingredients are actually in here. Since it's enclosed in the ingredients blend it is tough to tell. My instinct is that it can't be much more than a dusting. But regardless I do like the three ingredients that they choose for fat oxidation. Let's move along to the label design.
I'm giving EHP Labs an 'A' in the looks department because they've found a look that is distinctly theirs without being over-the-top and cheesy looking. To me, the EHP line of products look professional, safe, and effective. What more could you really ask of a design of a dietary supplement? I must say hats off to the design team at EHP for pulling off the task in remarkable fashion.
The white is usually boring, but when used as the backdrop to the intricacies and sheer volume of information presented on the EHP label, it is really the only choice. A darker color would've made things harder to read, and since there is SO much information presented on the label, this would not have been effective. The product name is featured prominently, and in the brand's signature blue color, to add even more drama to it. The contrasting red subtext beneath reads '100% Lean Protein Formula' - telling you precisely what the product is intended for. The next two bit of information are displayed smartly side by side and give you information on some of the statistics of the product. This adds legitimacy and credibility to the label. I doubt these numbers really mean much to many of the EHP customers, but it does what it is intended to do. The other bit of info laying to it' s right is the flavor graphic, which is massive. The delicious chocolate one, for example, is a tasty looking swirl of chocolate shake, lapping up towards the sky and begging to get into your belly. The words 'Amazing Taste' are quite basic but still, like every other part of this design, highly effective.
The final bits of this overall design that work for me are the EHP Labs branded plastic wrapper around the top of the lid, and then also the servings box in the lower left side of the jar that is prominent.


text:
Q: $(x+y)^r \le x^r+y^r$ when $r \in (0,1)$ and $x,y$ are real positive numbers. I'm sorry for the silly question, but I have a doubt. Given two positive real numbers $x,y$ and taking $0<r<1$, is it true that
$$
(x+y)^r \le x^r+y^r?
$$
In all the examples I considered, this turns out to be true. Moreover, to try to give a proof, does it suffices to prove that the function $f(z)=(1+z)^r-1-z^r$ is non-positive when $z \in (0,1]$ (i.e. taking $x>y$ and dividing by $x$?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


For exercise or errands, our pullover is warm enough to keep the cold at bay--yet soft, lightweight and non-bulky. This versatile style also has an anti-pill finish. This fleece has the Seawanhaka Corinthian Junior Yacht Club logo embroidered on the left chest.


text:
Q: In a parallel plate capacitor, how does placing a metal in between the plates reduce the capacitance? This source claims that putting a metal plate in between the capacitor plates greatly reduces the capacitance. How is this possible?
Two equal capacitances in series decreases the capacitance by half, but the distance is also decreased by half, so the overall capacitance must not change right?

A: The capacity remains the same, as seen by the calculation below.
$$ C1+C2=\dfrac{\dfrac{ϵA}{d1} \cdot \dfrac{ϵA}{d2}}{\dfrac{ϵA}{d1}+ \dfrac{ϵA}{d2}}=\dfrac{ϵA}{d1+d2}=C $$

A: You are forgetting one factor about elements in series, the voltage is also split between the capacitors while the charge stays the same, imagine you got capacitor A and capacitor B
$$
V_{total}=  V_a+V_b=\frac{Q_T}{C_A}+\frac{Q_T}{C_B}
$$
if we rearrange
$$
\frac{V_{total}}{Qt}=\frac{1}{C_T}=\frac{1}{C_A}+\frac{1}{C_B}
$$
which ends up looking like resistors in parallel operation wise. If they are identical you get half.

A: In the case of the valve/tube, the purpose of the screen grid is to reduce the effect of the capacitance between the grid and anode.
The screen grid is not just a floating piece of metal, it's connected to a low impedance supply (don't remember offhand whether it's low or high voltage).
Without it, when the anode changes voltage, the anode to grid capacitance induces  a current into the grid which fights the control signal. This is the so called Miller capacitance effect. This loads the grid with an effective capacitance that's enhanced by the gain of the valve.
With the screen grid, the anode to screen capacitance induces that current into the screen grid. Being supplied with a low impedance, that current flows into the supply with little change in voltage. The screen to grid capacitor sees little change in voltage, and so the grid has much, much less current induced it, possibly being only enhanced by a very small gain, often less than 2.
If the screen grid is left unconnected, then sure, anode to grid capacitance remains essentially unaltered, as does the Miller effect when the valve is used as an amplifier.

A: The screen grid does not do much screening in the true sense of the word. It does the same job as the 1st accelerator grid in a CRO tube or picture tube. It pulls the electrons from the cathode & fires them onto the anode. This allows the anode to be placed much further away (a large round tube instead of a small rectangular one), as it only needs to collect the electrons, not attract them. This greatly reduces the capacitance between it & the control grid.
It also has the advantage, for output valves, of getting better saturation. The anode can get down to a lower voltage, as the 'so called', screen grid attracts the electrons & throws them onto it.


text:
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var config = pConfig.getConfig({
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    setBaseUrl: function(browser, data) {
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exports.config = config;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


ST Restaurant in Santa Teresita is a restaurant of national and international food with a varied menu and delicious dishes you'll love.
ST Restaurant is located in the interior of Santa Teresita Hotel and Spa Resort between the two pools sectors, but if you want to eat outdoors and want to eat with your bathing suit can visit any of our fast food kiosks Las Brisas.
Guatemalan recipe prepared with bacon, accompanied with fresh cheese, tortilla chips, and corn tamale.
Combination of local handcrafted ingredients, accompanied with avocado, chicken, and Chipilín tamale.
Lettuce salad mix combined with palm heart , avocado, black olives, sweet corn, and grilled chicken. Accompained with dressing or vinaigrette.
Traditional combination of lettuce and croutons mixed with Caesar dressing, accompanied with grilled chicken.
Selection of fruits of the season.
Chopped or grilled sausages, accompanied with Jalapenos, beans, and avocado.
Melted Cheese and white wine, accompanied with sticks of artisan bread.
Stuffed flour tortillas with grilled chicken or tenderloin (according to choice) and mozarella cheese, accompanied with pico de gallo, sour cream, and guacamole.
The classic Mexican tacos, accompained with avocado sauce, onions, and roasted onions.
White sauce, mozzarella cheese, goat cheese, and shrimps.
The type of cut or grilled meat of your choice, accompanied with guacamole, black fried beans, onions, chirmol, and tortillas.
Signature dish of our kitchen, which combines the best flavors of seafood and beef loin. The type of cut of your choice, shrimps, and octopus. Served with guacamole and black fried beans.
According to our guests... the best Ceviche in town. A mix of octopus, crab, fish, and shrimp, combined in an original recipe of our chefs in Santa Teresita.
Guatemalan classic recipe of ceviche, accompanied with avocado, and soda crackers.
Tilapia fillet marinated in garlic sauce and cooked on the grill. Served with spaghetti, rice, and vegetables spaghetti.
Breaded shrimp accompanied with mashed potatoes and vegetables spaghetti.
Grilled shrimps marinated with garlic, accompanied with mashed potatoes and house salad.
Mojarra Fish steamed with aromatic herbs and white wine.
¡ We will be waiting for you !


Expectations do not define the threshold of our service. WE STRIVE TO EXCEED THEM.
Conveniently located in the heart of Huntsville, Alabama, just outside Redstone Arsenal's Gate 9, Techni-Core Corporation, a Woman-Owned Small Business, opened its doors on March 1, 1978. We have supported both government and commercial clients providing on-call IT & Cyber Security services, Defense Systems Engineering, FAR 52.204-21 and DFARS 7012 Compliance consulting services and solutions.
Through our 40 years of experience supporting both Federal and Commercial customers, Techni-Core has honed our subject matter expertise in DFARS 252.204-7012/7008/7009 (NIST 800-171) compliance, Compliance Assessments for Prime/Subcontractors, Cyber Security Incident Response and Supply Chain Risk Assessment.
Techni-Core has built a reputation in Huntsville based on our ability to provide surge support and a quick reaction capability to IT and Engineering surge staffing requirements for full-time or fractional man-years funding structures. We believe in nurturing talent by growing our employee's skill sets to produce highly valued teams of experts for our customers. For almost 40 years, we have employed the best and brightest in North Alabama and consider every single one of our employees, past, and present, part of our great big family!


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