text:
A Whig History of CRISPR
December 7, 2017 January 18, 2016 by genotopia
"Shitstorm" would be one term of art for the reaction in the genome community to a commentary in Cell by Eric Lander, published on January 14. It presents as a definitive account of the discovery of CRISPR, the "gene editing" technique invented in 2013 and which blasted onto the science pages this year. CRISPR is likely to go down as the most important biotechnological invention since Kary Mullis invented the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
But I prefer another phrase to describe Lander's account: "Whig history." The term comes from the Europeanist Herbert Butterfield. In a classic 1931 essay, Butterfield wrote that Whig history was "the tendency in many historians to write [English history] on the side of Protestants and Whigs, to praise revolutions provided they have been successful, to emphasize certain principles of progress in the past and to produce a story which is the ratification if not the glorification of the present."
The term has become historical shorthand for one way to use history as a political tool. It rationalizes the status quo, wins the allegiance of the establishment, justifies the dominance of those in power. One immediate tip-off to a Whiggish historical account is the use of melodramatic terms such as "heroes" in the title.
Lander's piece is called "The heroes of CRISPR."
In April 2014, the Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT—of which Lander is the director— was awarded the first patent for CRISPR technology. The team of Jennifer Doudna (UC Berkeley) and Emmanuelle Charpentier (Umeå University, Sweden) filed their own application seven months earlier, but Zhang obtained fast-track approval. Much remains at stake over CRISPR: fat scientific prizes, almost certainly including a Nobel, as well as further patents. Who claims them will be decided in part by what version of history becomes accepted as "the truth."
When Michael Eisen, the UC Berkeley/Howard Hughes Medical Institute biologist and astute commentator on genomics read Lander's article, he went ballistic. In a tweet-blast of righteous indignation, Eisen howled that Lander's piece minimizes Doudna's contributions to CRISPR and thus (I'm paraphrasing here) serves as a propaganda organ on behalf of the Broad's claim to the patent rights. "The whole thing is about trying to establish Zhang paper as pinnacle of CRISPR work," tweeted Eisen. He continued, "it's a deliberate effort to undermine Doudna and Charpentier patent claims and prizeworthiness." It is, he believes, "science propaganda at its most repellent." "Eric Lander and @broadinstitute should be ashamed of themselves."
Others have joined in to express their dismay. At the least, many in the community think, some sort of conflict-of-interest statement should have accompanied Lander's article. A long thread at PubPeer is devoted to the kerfluffle.
Is Eisen right? I'll leave analysis of the technical arguments over the relative merits of each group's contributions to the biologists. What I can do is look at the paper itself. Good writers know how rhetoric can be used to persuade. Does Lander use writing techniques to advance a self-interested version of history?
On first read, Lander's piece seems eminently fair, even generous. It "aims to fill in [the] backstory" of CRISPR, Lander writes; "the history of ideas and the stories of pioneers—and draw lessons about the remarkable ecosystem underlying scientific discovery." He traces CRISPR's origins all the way back to Francisco Mojica, a doctoral student at the University of Alicante, in Spain, in 1989. Mojica discovered a new class of repeating sequence that was present in diverse organisms, suggesting widespread taxonomic importance. These, of course, were the first CRISPR sites—clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats. By 2000, Mojica had found CRISPR loci in 20 different organisms.
By turning his lens on such unsung heroes, laboring away at universities well beyond the anointed labs of Harvard, MIT, UCSF, Johns Hopkins, and the like, Lander creates the impression of inclusiveness, of the sharing of credit among all the "heroes" of CRISPR.
But when he reaches Doudna and Charpentier's chapter in the story, the generosity becomes curiously muted. Though Lander maintains his warm, avuncular tone, Doudna and Charpentier enter the story as brave soldiers, working shoulder to shoulder with others on the long journey to practical application of CRISPR. Some subtle techniques create a very definite impression.
For example, Lander narrates Charpentier's story alongside that of the Lithuanian scientist Virginijus Siksnys. But Siksnys receives top billing. His name appears in the first line of two sections of the paper:
Charpentier's name, on the other hand, appears at the bottom of a paragraph devoted to a component of the CRISPR-cas9 system called tracrRNA.
Jennifer Doudna is graciously given the epithet "world-renowned," which may distract our attention from the fact that her first mention is buried in the middle of a paragraph, in the second half of a long sentence, the direct object rather than the subject of the sentence:
Doudna and Charpentier go neck and neck with Siksnys through the next sections, but Doudna and Charpentier's contributions are repeatedly diminished. "Sisknys submitted his paper," begins one paragraph. At the end of the paragraph Doudna and Charpentier's paper receives mention. "Both groups clearly recognized the potential for biotechnology," Lander writes.
Now, enter Feng Zhang and George Church of the Broad Institute. They receive the longest treatment of any actor in the story—a solid page out of nine pages of text. Then Doudna submits a key paper "with assistance from Church." This and three other "short [ie., minor] papers," Lander makes sure to note, "were accepted soon after Zhang and Church's papers were published in early January, 2013.
Lander concludes his saga with words of benevolent wisdom, extolling the "ecology" of science that produces profound discoveries. History provides optimistic lessons about the idealistic world of pure science, carried out purely for the sake of furthering knowledge. One can almost see Lander dabbing away tears of joy as he writes,
The human stories behind scientific advances can teach us a lot about the miraculous ecosystem that drives biomedical progress—about the roles of serendipity and planning, of pure curiosity and practical application, of hypothesis-free and hypothesis-driven science, of individuals and teams, and of fresh perspectives and deep expertise.
I think Eisen has a point, therefore, in reading the paper as a crafty effort to establish Zhang and Church as the scientists who brought the relay race to the finish line—and to portray their principal competitors for patents and prizes, Doudna and Charpentier, as merely two in a long string of runners.
I'm glad to see other scientists, such as Mojica, receive credit in a major CRISPR narrative. Too often the early players and the scientists at lesser-known universities become lost to history altogether. But we should also recognize how Lander uses those actors to create a crowd in which to bury Doudna and Charpentier. It would have been possible to mention Mojica, Gilles Vergnaud, and others while still giving Doudna and Charpentier their due.
Update 1/19: Both Doudna and Church have said the article contains factual errors. I'll leave it to the experts to debate the technical details of the science. My argument—stimulated and shaped by Eisen's tweets—is about the tone and style of the piece. Lander is a public-relations master. He's a compelling speaker and a sophisticated writer. He's a giant in the field: he has been a leader in the genome community since early days of the human genome project. He knows exactly what he's doing.
A Nobel can be split at most three ways, and there are four principal actors. How will the prize be partitioned? Doudna, Charpentier, and Zhang? Doudna, Charpentier, and Mojica? Zhang, Church, and Lander? I have witnessed the steady PR campaigns of scientists who went on to win Nobels. The Prize is supposed to be wholly merit-based, but, we being humans, reputation and economics matter.
Update: One should also note the gender dynamics of the story. However conscious or unconscious it may be, efforts such as this underscore the often-subtle ways in which "history by the winners" still tends to end up being "history by the men." Only way that stops is by saying it out loud. Tip o' the pin to Anne Fausto-Sterling and Alondra Nelson for nudging me on this.
At its best, science is a model of human interaction: cooperative, open, focused on evidence and reason, unbiased by prejudice of ethnicity, gender, sexuality, or disability. But science is no longer done in monasteries. Competition, pride, ego, greed, and politics play all too great a role in determining who gets credit, who wins the prizes, and who gets into the textbooks. As Butterfield recognized, controlling the history is both a perk of coming out on top and, while the battle still rages, a way to cement your team's role in the crystallizing master narrative.
When a scientific history promises an account of "heroes," when it is filled with sentimental language "miraculous ecosystem" of "pure curiosity and practical application," and when that history is written by an individual who has much to gain by the acceptance of his own account, the piece should come with a conflict-of-interest statement—or at least a road-sign reading, "Danger! Whig history ahead."
PS: See also Dominic Berry's take on the Lander article, also drawing on the history of science but framing it in terms of intellectual property, here: http://blogs.sps.ed.ac.uk/engineering-life/2016/01/18/crispr-in-the-history-of-science-and-intellectual-property/
[2017-12-06: Minor edits, mainly typos and style]
Categories Uncategorized Tags calling bullshit, CRISPR, genetic engineering, genome editing, genomics, historical methods, Nobel Prize, politics, style, Whig history 20 Comments
"Fascist Park" Recreates Thrills of Tyranny's Golden Age
April 1, 2015 April 1, 2015 by genotopia
Imagine going "on safari" across Europe in 1939. Out of a nearby bunker steps none other than Adolf Hitler. He goose-steps in your direction, glowering. His little mustache twitches. Now you must choose: Siegheil! Or run!
In the latest of a new breed of extreme entertainment such as "Tough Mudder," the biotech company Tyro-Scene has announced that it plans to recreate the twentieth century's most vile tyrants and let them compete for resources in a naturalistic setting, while paying customers experience an afternoon of terror, repression, and the threat of genocide. Riffing on the iconic dinosaur-cloning movie series, they are calling it "Fascist Park."
Inspired by current research into the recreation of extinct species such as the Woolly Mammoth, a company spokesman says Tyro-Scene will create scenarios that will enable customers to truly live the worst horrors of the twentieth century, including Nazism, Stalinism, apartheid, and Maoist communism. No one under 18 is permitted, and the experience is not advised for adults with heart conditions or psychological "triggers."
For those up to the challenge, the park promises to get your pulse racing. At any moment, Benito Mussolini, Josef Stalin, Idi Amin, Pol Pot, or even Hitler himself may pop out from behind a tree and attempt to oppress or even exterminate you.
Fascist Park will be located on nearly 10,000 desolate acres in southeastern Utah. Efforts are underway to terraform the landscape into regions resembling various tyrannical eco-systems, including central Europe, North Korea, Uganda, Libya, and Siberia. Customers will ride through the region in armored light patrol vehicles equipped with an add-on landmine protection kit and driven by a former Navy SEAL. Further protection will include issuing all customers an AK-47 rifle and requiring them to watch a fifteen-minute safety video before setting out.
The courageous will have opportunities to leave the vehicle and get "up close and personal" with some of history's most vile human beings. Guests may be interrogated, waterboarded, or shot at. And because they may drive over land mines, pass through mists of chemical or biological weapons, or give chase, they are urged to wear loose, washable clothing and sturdy shoes.
Reanimating the twentieth century's most fearsome tyrants may seem like mindless entertainment, but it has both scientific and historical value, the company insists.
"By recreating these dictators in a controlled but naturalistic environment, we can study the biological basis of an array of important human traits, from systematic violence to megalomania to a taste for large, dark sunglasses," the spokesman said. "Understanding how these genes are shaped by the environment is a crucial step toward preventing genocide going forward."
Indeed, the park will also be available to research teams who wish to study the dictators in their natural habitat. The Canadian anthropologist Woot Derbyshire, often referred to as "the Jane Goodall of messianic assholes," plans to be first in line. "So far, I've had to rely on computer simulations for my work," he said. "There's still so much we don't know about these sons of bitches, from their mating rituals to their grooming habits."
Behind the scenes, Fascist Park will be an industrial research park. More than one hundred scientists will labor to maintain stocks of fresh dictators; in the wild, they inevitably impinge on one another's plans for world domination. This leads to thrilling battles, coups, and sabotage—but it also requires regular replacements.
The park plans to open in November, 2018, with a gala opening featuring a simulated Kristallnacht. Tyro-Scene is already thinking about expanding the franchise. Action figures and plush toys are in the works, as well as customized genealogical DNA kits that will allow customers to find out which dictator they are related to. Also planned is a movie tentatively starring Ellen DeGenerate and George Cloney.
Categories Uncategorized Tags crime, Eugenics, genes, meat, politics, prisoners, satire, sterilization, style 2 Comments
Physiognomy Encore!
July 9, 2013 July 9, 2013 by genotopia
A while ago, we reprinted a set of brilliant pictures of "composite photography", a more high-tech version of a technique Francis Galton invented in the late 19th century. Here's a different approach, less sophisticated but still interesting. The artist, Ulric Collette (who has 3 eyes, 2 noses, and 2 mouths) has digitally stitched together the faces of family members. Many are comic grotesques, but quite a few just seem to have the normal asymmetries we all have. As the artist suggests, cover first one side of a face and then the other to see how different the originals were, and then reblend them in your mind. The show's title? Genetic Portraits.
Here are just a couple teasers. Click the link and go see them all.
I'm pretty sure I saw this person in the East Village about 5 years ago.
H/t to Richard Nash and to fullym.com.
Categories Uncategorized Tags art/science, body modification, dyed hair, facial hair, personal genomics, physiognomy, pix, style Leave a comment
The Arsehole Gene
There is a tragic epidemic plaguing us–particularly in the U.S. and in France. Assholes, or, as the Brits say, arseholes. The philosopher Aaron James, in his breakthrough work, Assholes: A Theory, has defined an asshole as a person with an entrenched sense of entitlement who is immune to criticism of his behavior.
Until now, these people have been blamed for their behavior, but genetic science has uncovered a mutation in a gene, dubbed the "arsehole gene," that leads to the creation of an asshole. Here is a link to a touching new documentary by Eric Romero that chronicles the discovery. Please watch it and pass on the link.
Categories Uncategorized Tags asshole, bung, chitterlings, dickhead, dickwad, dumbass, meat, style, unjustified sense of entitlement 3 Comments
Against turgidity as a quality measure in academia
January 30, 2012 January 30, 2012 by genotopia
It happened again last night.
I was at dinner with a group of smart, honest colleagues–a small table-ful of the people in my field I respect most. The conversation turned to another colleague, one who everyone at the table admires, not just as a scholar but as a force of nature. He is enormously productive, a serious scholar–and, damn him, he sometimes reaches a broad audience. In discussing this man's recent work, one of my table-mates said, "I must confess: he writes so beautifully that sometimes I don't trust what he's saying!"
It was meant as a quip, but there was a serious point to it. I have heard this line for nearly 30 years. I've heard it in the sciences and I've heard it in the humanities. Among some academics, style is a demerit. Attention to rhythm or sonority or, Twain-help-you, wordplay, marks you as unserious, a mere Sophist rather than a Philosophe. Serious researchers are too invested in their ideas to pay attention to communicating them. They have been in the lab or the archive generating data, or in the stacks reviewing the historiography, or at their desktop spinning cotton candy out of the latest theoretical buzzwords. Attention to audience is mere marketing, a sell-out. Turgidity is the mark of a true scholar.
The fallacy involved in this slight on stylists is the confusion of pleasing with slick. Somehow they think that if your prose is graceful you must be doing something slippery that they don't understand. You must not be revealing all your evidence, or your argument is merely clever instead of well-substantiated. The conflation, frankly, can only be made by someone so grossly unattuned to style that they can't distinguish wit from reasoning–or persuasion from persuasiveness. But there are a lot of such people in academia, and some of them are distinguished scholars and scientists.
In a way, these crass critics are right. Style can be used to make a point. Scholars who I consider stylists (Hisa Kuriyama's Expressiveness of the Body is a good example) use word choice, rhythm, sonority, image, and structure to help convey a point. It's an idea journalists and English majors take in with their first undergraduate lattés: style operates on the aesthetic level, where argument operates on the rational level. A persuasive argument is layered, using evidence, argumentation, and aesthetic elements to make the case.
Pulling that off makes a piece more rigorous, not less. Whether it counts as good academic writing is another story.
Categories Uncategorized Tags academia, grumpiness, scholarship, style, wordplay, writing Leave a comment
Horace Judson: a eulogy
January 4, 2013 May 23, 2011 by genotopia
On May 6, at the age of 80, the writer Horace Freeland Judson died. He didn't pass away; he would have insisted that he simply die. We worked together for five years, from 1997 to 2002, at The Center for History of Recent Science, George Washington University. Here is my appreciation.*
He was six feet in his stockings, which were certainly silk. He dressed impeccably. His leather shoes were glossy, his slacks pressed, even on writing days. His collar was crisp, his cufflinks shone. His houndstooth jacket might be a little worn at the seams, as if from catching too many brambles, but it was always clean. He wore a pocketwatch, and spoke with a vaguely "U" (upper-class, to the English) accent. He was raised in Chicago. A black, broad-brimmed hat, molded just so and rakishly tilted, cravat, and even a cape were not unknown on special occasions. I once saw him open a bottle of New Year's champagne with a sword. Horace Judson was more than a little vain. But judgment should be tempered by the knowledge of two facts: his preening both reflected and masked enormous effort; and he had terrific taste. He seemed to put thought into every stitch of clothing on his body, every stick of furniture in his house, every book in his library, every word in his books.
His meticulous appearance was, like a peacock's tail, a display of vigor, for he zipped his pants, buttoned his shirt, oiled his hair, and tied his shoelaces with only one good hand. The left. Childhood polio had withered the other, leaving it floppy and florid. The handicap slowed him down a little—he reconfigured that slowness into a magisterial pace—but prevented him from doing nothing. He shook hands cross-handed (I soon learned to shake left-to-left with him). He opened wine, canned tomatoes, and drove a stick-shift, flamboyantly flouting his disability. He never asked for help. His pride was his strength.
Of course, he typed the quarter million or so words of The Eighth Day of Creation, and everything else he wrote, with one hand. The deliberation this required contributed to the precision and elegance of his prose. Though a journalist by training, he wrote not like a reporter but like an essayist or a novelist. His style was always formal, never slangy (though he was not averse to the occasional earthy vulgarity), and occasionally pompous. He used every rhetorical trick in Aristotle, and had a flair for the dramatic. But his prose was always muscular, and he regularly knocked off passages of such clarity, insight, and grace as to leave the attentive reader breathless.
Consider his definition of X-ray crystallography, an arcane science if ever there was one, from chapter 2 of The Eighth Day. He begins with an analogy simultaneously quantitative and yet immediately apprehensible: "The X-rays used in crystallography are shorter than visible light by some four thousand times." That does what good writing must, especially when it is on a technical subject: it connects the unknown to the known. Any educated person has a rough idea about visible light, and a sense of how big four thousand times is. Judson then explains the one thing everyone wants to know about X-rays. "Their wavelength is 1.5 Angstroms, which is the same order of size as the spacing between atoms in many solids, and that is why X-rays go through substances that are opaque to the eye." Did you know that? "Penetrated by a thin beam"—thin beam is nice, both as explanation and in sonority—"the orderly array of atoms in a crystal, layer upon layer, scatters the X-rays in an orderly way, causing a repeating series of overlapping circles of waves." Note the repetition of orderly…orderly, prefiguring the repeating series of the following clause. Powerful rhetoric illustrates the underlying concept. "At intersection with the flat sheet of film"—note the alliteration, intercalated by the contrasting long vowel sound—"the troughs and peaks of these waves reinforce each other at some points and cancel each other out elsewhere." The image recalls every child's game of dropping two stones into a pond and watching the ripples crash. Here is the crucial insight: "The interference pattern that results is characteristic of the structure that produced it," he writes, and he abruptly ends the lesson by waving a hand at the Nobel-winning mathematics behind it, which would confuse and bore his audience: "…though to figure back to the structure takes mathematics and experience." That's all you need to know, really, and not a word more than it takes to describe it.
He never matched that book. How many of us get even one book of that magnitude? Judson is by far the non-PhD most quoted by historians and philosophers of twentieth-century biology, and scholars hate the fact. "Molecular biology is a discipline, a level of analysis, a kit of tools," he wrote at the beginning of chapter 4. "Which is to say, it is unified by style as much as by content." There's a dissertation in that casual observation. He had hundreds like it. At the same time, the book is notoriously difficult to teach, and so few do. (I like to assign chapter 3. Students love it, but find it challenging.) Teachable books show their scaffolding and leave their beams exposed, so that students can skim for argument and get on to their orgo problem sets. Not so Judson. He draws you in, makes you read slowly. The paragraphs are meticulously constructed, but the themes are buried a sentence or two deep, and the arguments build incrementally. You end up highlighting every line.
That quality, combined with his pomp and occasional arrogance, alienated many historians of science. He could be difficult. Yet three things saved him for me. First, his intelligence and his skill as a writer and editor. Many times he annoyed me by ignoring my requests to comment on my green prose, only to read through it once and mark it up on the fly, effortlessly extracting the voice and meaning that I had buried in murk and flab and cliché. He still sits on my shoulder as I write, insisting that I justify the sequence of items in a list, put a twist on every cliché, and, unless I have a specific reason to do otherwise, narrate my story in strict chronological order. Second, his generosity. He often went far out of his way for people, with no expectation of recognition. Behind the formality was a genuinely warm person who loved sentiment but hated sentimentality. And third, his tragedy. He wanted to be accepted as a historian, and never quite was. I think he idealized the university as only someone can who doesn't have the professorial press pass. Which is too bad, because he was better—gave more insight and more pleasure—than many credentialed scholars. His obituary in the Times listed him as a historian of science, which would have pleased him but which underestimated him. He was a writer.
*Thomas Soderqvist has also posted a piece on Judson. Highly recommended.
Categories Actually serious for once Tags childhood polio, Eighth, eighth day of creation, george washington university, hand, horace freeland judson, houndstooth jacket, style, terrific taste 8 Comments


Business rivalry hardly translates to bad blood. Even brothers may run competing business. Former President Daniel arap Moi and his protégé Uhuru Kenyatta are ages apart, but in regard to political and business interests, they're soul mates.
The Kenyatta family owns Mediamax (whose portfolio of products include Kameme FM, Meru FM, Milele FM, Mayian FM, K24, The People newspaper), Daniel arap Moi posseses the rival news corp, The Standard Group, owners of The Standard, Sunday Standard, Nairobian, KTN, Maisha Radio, PDS, among others.
Inexplicably, this logic – business rivalry hardly translates to bad blood – eluded Standard Group news gurus (among them chief executive Sham Shollei and the indefatigable editorial director Chacha Mwita).
State House read the riot Act to Moi's business employees. It demanded that heads roll on Mombasa Road. And indeed, people were fired – not by Kenya's second President. But on the strength of the Jubilee government's demand.
The Standard Group's owners didn't complain about meddling.
Previous articleITS TABLOID TIME … WELCOME!


text:
cask 'numi' do
  version '3.17.2,136:1505825011'
  sha256 '2951e3d3f7b0d3dbd10cc926e41492b7a1e40005921c658b580cbb972933b41f'

  # dl.devmate.com/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi was verified as official when first introduced to the cask
  url "https://dl.devmate.com/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi/#{version.after_comma.before_colon}/#{version.after_colon}/Numi-#{version.after_comma.before_colon}.zip"
  appcast 'http://updates.devmate.com/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi.xml',
          checkpoint: 'a5f4deb1539c1303535c587f552d677a38cffe5153588cad3ef163bf9adfcc8a'
  name 'Numi'
  homepage 'https://numi.io/'

  auto_updates true

  app 'Numi.app'

  uninstall launchctl: "com.dmitrynikolaev.numi#{version.major}helper",
            quit:      'com.dmitrynikolaev.numi'

  zap trash: [
               '~/Library/Application Support/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi',
               '~/Library/Caches/com.crashlytics.data/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi',
               '~/Library/Caches/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi',
               '~/Library/Caches/io.fabric.sdk.mac.data/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi',
               '~/Library/Preferences/com.dmitrynikolaev.numi.plist',
             ]
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Just a little, inconsequential story about that predecessor station to B5 that disappeared without a trace, right? Presenting "Babylon Squared," with all of the signs and portents it entails. And because you can't do a podcast about "something squared" with just three hosts, we brought in our guest L.M. Myles from Doctor Who: Verity! to help us process the mysteries of Zathras and time travel.


Sometimes it's better to offer information in handy, easy to close pop-up windows that don't have all the menu items simply using HTML to open a new window does. Your guests can learn what you want without them having to leave the page and backtrack. They have many uses, for instance, you could have a link that says "Wanna know a secret?" and in the pop-up window the secret is revealed that "Boogie Jack is an alien!"
And you know, I really am an alien, too.
Seriously though, you could use them for displaying a photo, contact information, a subscription form, or many other things.
Here's a working example: Click Me!
To grab the code, just right click inside the box and choose Select All. Right click again and choose Copy, then paste it into your page where you want the link to be positioned.
Warning: Be sure when you paste the code to keep the long lines intact. You will get an error if the long lines get split. It's OK if they wrap naturally to the next line in your text editor, just don't place any carriage returns in the code.
Where you see the reference to xyz.html is where you place the link to the page you want to open.
You can opt to show toolbars, scrollbars, set the window size and allow/disallow other features within the script. You can insert a message that will display in the browser's status bar in the linking script (where it says 'Status Bar Message'). Just don't use any single or double quotation marks or special characters in the status bar message or it will break the script.
Note: As is, this script is only good for one pop-up window per page. It can be used more than once per page, but you'll need to change the name "popjack" for each separate page or it will continue to open the first link. It will need to be changed in all three locations in each use of the script.
Mmm . . . pop-up windows are almost as good as popcorn! Well, not really, but they are less fattening.


Details are emerging about the victims of a horrific highway crash. Seven people, five of them children, were killed and at least eight more were injured after two semi-trucks and two vehicles collided in a fiery crash on a Florida highway, authorities said. The children were heading to Disney World in a church van from Louisiana when a truck and a passenger vehicle collided in the northbound lanes of Interstate 75, continuing across the guardrail and into their and another big rig's path Thursday, Lt. Patrick Riordan told reporters Friday.


Extreame Savings! Up to 42% off on Ladders at Albert Lodge. Top brands include Livebest, Home Basic, Cosco, Almacén, Home Basics, ShopZeus, Finether, Senrob, GOOD LIFE USA, Perch Chairs & Stools, Trademark gameroom, ROVSUN, Giantex, Samsonite, Little Giant Ladder Systems, OxGord, Perch, Ladder Lockdown, & Oshion. Hurry! Limited time offers. Offers valid only while supplies last.


The Jamaica Urban Transport Company (JUTC) says it has made adjustments to its operations in light of the major traffic changes implemented across sections of the Kingston Metropolitan Transport Region.
The JUTC says a total of 34 routes are affected, 24 of which are in Portmore, St Catherine.
The bus company says it has introduced an early bird service in the municipality which starts at 5:30 a.m. at Dawkins Drive.
It notes that a similar service was implemented just before Summer in Spanish Town which saw buses being deployed from 4 a.m. until 5:30 a.m. to move mass commuters.
The JUTC has also implemented detour routes for its buses in light of the traffic changes.
The state-run bus company is appealing to commuters for understanding and restraint as there will be increased traffic and delays.
It says it is working closely with the National Works Agency and the Jamaica Constabulary Force with regards to traffic management and to minimise the impact on commuters.
The JUTC is urging commuters to keep track of detours by following its social media pages, noting that it is a fluid situation as road improvement works intensify.


text:
We are absolutely delighted to have been selected by the prestigious Legal 500 guide as a "Leading Firm" in their latest 2022 law firm guide.
The "Leading Firm" ranking for Kang & Co Solicitors is achieved in the category of Crime. This category covers all our main services of Criminal Offences, Driving Offences, Licensing Law and Regulatory Law
We'd like to give a special thank you to our past clients who took time to contribute to the process of earning Kang & Co Solicitors it's ranking on the guide.
Kang & Co director & Solicitor Manjinder Kang is also described as an "exceptional lawyer" and someone with a "wealth of practice knowledge and excellent client care skills."
A variety of previous cases over different areas within Criminal Law were highlighted on the guide which included a successful case in which we represented a pharmacist accused of 'administering a noxious substance' in a widely publicised matter. The client was found not guilty.
About the The Legal 500
For 33 years, The Legal 500 has been analysing the capabilities of law firms across the world, with a comprehensive research programme revised and updated every year to bring the most up-to-date vision of the global legal market. The Legal 500 assesses the strengths of law firms in over 150 jurisdictions, the results of which can be viewed free of charge using the "Rankings" tab at the top of the page.
The rankings are based on a series of criteria, but simply put, we highlight the practice area teams who are providing the most cutting edge and innovative advice to corporate counsel. Our research is based on feedback from 300,000 clients worldwide, submissions from law firms and interviews with leading private practice lawyers, and a team of researchers who have unrivalled experience in the legal market.
The Legal 500 produces a wide ranging series of resources for in-house lawyers including roundtables, client insight reports, and recognises and rewards the best in-house lawyers through our GC Powerlist series and The Legal 500 Awards. Please use the tabs at the top of the screen to find out more.
You can view our Legal 500 profile on this link.
Do you require legal advice &/or representation?
If you are facing a driving offence prosecution and require expert legal representation at Court, call our lawyers on 0345 222 9955 or complete our Contact Form.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Peace and blessings in Jesus name! Last time I looked at the purpose of courtship and some factors that will enhance the quality of your courtship. Today, I shall go further by looking at the next important step towards marriage which is, "Formal Engagement and A Public Christian Wedding".
This is a good process to follow. This is a time to formally and publicly introduce yourselves to parents, relations and friends. In some cultures, it is also a time for the payment of dowry.
Don't just grab a woman and start living together as man and wife. That is very wrong especially for a Christian. Wisdom demands that you give Honour to the family of your wife/husband to be by participating in a formal engagement. Pay the dowry but ensure it does not violate your Christian principles. Whatever you give must be things that will give glory to God.
We can learn a few lessons from the story of Isaac and Rebekah, we see that Rebekah's people were only given precious and honourable things, not things for ritual. And the servant brought forth jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment, and gave them to Rebekah: he gave also to her brother and to her mother precious things (Genesis 24:53). Let me state clearly here that it is very scriptural to pay dowry!
It is important to know that during courtship period, nothing should be taken for granted. It is true you have decided to spend the rest of your lives together, if you discover both of you are not compatible and therefore cannot make it together, a U-turn is permitted. If you feel you made a wrong choice, call the relationship off! A broken courtship is permitted, if necessary. After all a broken courtship is not the same as divorce!
Every successful courtship should culminate into marriage. Marriage is the union between a man and a woman with a view of building a God centered home. It is a covenant relationship between two people. Therefore, it is important to have a public Christian wedding ceremony in a Bible-believing Church; this is formally inviting God to be the third party in your union. The Bible says And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken (Ecclesiastes 4:12) You are inviting Him to provide guidance in your married life. One of the reasons many marriages break up after a few years is because a proper Christian wedding is lacking.
Moreover, a public wedding affords members of your family, friends and well-wishers the opportunity to share the day of joy with you.


text:
McInally: Joelinton drops too deep
Date: 17th August 2019 at 8:30pm
Alan McInally clearly believes Newcastle United manager Steve Bruce needs to change tact and have a word with Joelinton in order to see him shine.
The Sky Sports pundit revealed that he saw glimpses of the Brazilian's talent in the 1-0 defeat to Arsenal but pointed out how the player kept dropping too deep after constantly finding himself utterly on his own in the Gunners' half.
McInally added that in his opinion, Bruce needs to tell Joelinton to stay as high up the pitch as possible, instead of dropping deep to get the ball, as he would make a good focal target.
The pundit then quickly added that Bruce needs to get help to Joelinton, in order for him to be able to not be tempted to drop deep in order to get the ball.
"He was completely and utterly on his own," said McInally on Sky Sports News (14:12, Saturday, August 17th).
"I think so (did he show promise), I think when he got on the ball, he looked a decent footballer, had decent feet, he had half-chance with a header.
"This was lovely (clip of his effort against Arsenal played), he slalomed his way through, gets his strike in, hit the target, made the keeper make the save.
"I think he is going to spend a lot of time picking the ball up in those sort of areas (just inside the opponent's half) Jeff, which is too deep for me, he's got to be pushing right up, Steve Brucie has got to say to them, you've got to stretch erm and stay as far up as you can, as you don't really want him coming in here as you want him to be a focal target.
"But they've got to get help to him."
It's fair to say that McInally was spot-on with his assessment of Joelinton's performance.
The Magpies' attacker hardly touched the ball against Arsenal, particularly in the second half, and only managed to have three shots at goal with only one of his efforts hitting the target. (Source: Premier League)
Joelinton ended up dropping deep in order to get involved, and showed that he was a potentially good target man for the Magpies as he won eight of his aerial duels, as per WhoScored, the only problem was that his teammates didn't make the most of him being good in the air.
The lack of balls being fired up towards the 23-year-old as the game drew on against Arsenal is what caused him to drop deep, so Bruce clearly needs to tell his players, such as Jonjo Shelvey, to keep the supply line going in order for Joelinton to be able to shine.
Bruce's players had a tendency to play the ball into Joelinton's feet due to him dropping deep and while he is capable of turning and running at defences, see how McInally was amazed by him slaloming through Arsenal's defence, when he's receiving the ball close to the halfway line he isn't going to be able to hurdle defences all the way to their goal.
So given that McInally believes Joelinton is a capable player who Bruce needs to find help for, clearly the pundit believes if the manager changes tact and makes it clear that he wants the 23-year-old to remain a focal point by getting his teammates to keep firing balls forward, then it will lead to him shining.


text:
Apamea helva är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Augustus Radcliffe Grote 1875. Apamea helva ingår i släktet Apamea och familjen nattflyn. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Nattflyn
helva

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Rosset hazelnuts and almonds are the quintessential nuts from our region. Harvested off the ground, they offer a degree of ripeness that is perfect for toasting. We dry these hazelnuts and almonds to seal in their characteristic aromas and sweetness. Grown, harvested and toasted to their optimum point by Rosset, we sell both raw and toasted hazelnuts and almonds.
This format is suitable for lovers of nuts, you can taste the raw or roasted in the oven can also as our grandmothers did.
This bag is convenient for tasting just almonds, to mix with other nuts and to take away as a snack.
This is convenient for nut lovers. You can eat them raw or roast them yourselves in the oven just like our grandmothers used to do.
This bag is convenient for tasting just hazelnuts, to mix with other nuts and to take away as a snack.


Welcome to Photonics Media Online Reader Service, where you can instantly request information about advertisements and product announcements that appear in our magazines.
Your inquiries will be sent directly to the companies you selected. You can also visit a company website by clicking on the advertisement title, or click on a product name or company name for more information.


text:
Home Wrestling News Breaking News: Candice LeRae On A Possible Main Roster Call-Up
Breaking News: Candice LeRae On A Possible Main Roster Call-Up
WWE NXT's resident evil pixie Candice LeRae, recently spoke about a main roster call-up.
Candice LeRae had a lot to say on the subject and also spoke about a few other things. You can check that out here.
"I feel like there's a lot of things that happen around me that I almost make myself ignorant to just because I never want to get my hopes up, I never want to assume something. Even going into the Battle Royal, I didn't want to assume that I can be the person to win this because you just don't know. "
"I can honestly tell you that the Royal Rumbles that I've done and the WrestleMania that I was a part of, it wasn't real until I was in it. I'm so thankful that there were people that reminded me that was a thing that was happening and to tell me to take a second to take it all in because it happens so fast. "
"It's like a wedding day. It goes by, happens, and then you're like, 'Oh wait, that really did happen?' If something is inthe works, then I'm not aware of it, but nothing's real until it is."
Candice LeRae n going to the main roster:
"I'm very biased, but I love NXT. I really love the environment, and for me, so much of it is feeling a certain way when you're wrestling as a fan and there's something about NXT for me that feels like home and I feel like I belong in NXT."
"It makes me so happy and I always feel like the talent there push me to be my best because no matter how long Iv'e been doing this, I'm always trying to get better. I'm never going to be perfect, I always want to be better, and I feel like NXT forces me to do that. "
"It forces me to be at my absolute best at all times, and I love that. I love feeling that anybody can take my spot at any moment and that I have to just go. I love wrestling, so as long as I don't have to stop wrestling I'm fine anywhere, but I just love NXT so much. I can't stress enough."
(Credit:DailyDDT)
We love to hear thoughts from our fans and interact with our community here at TRR. Tell us what you think about Candice LeRae possible going to the main roster in the comments.
Help us share our news on social media and share things with us by using #JOINTHEROSTER
Previous articleNew Stable Led By Roman Reigns Possibly Coming
Next articleActor Stephen Amell praises Randy Orton: "He's better now than he's ever been."


rock gold crushers for sale Small Rock Crushers For Sale Wholesale, Rock Crusher Suppliers . Wholesale Various High Quality Portable Rock Crusher Products from Global Portable rock crusher for sale widely used in Indonesia. Get Price Jaw Crusher For Sale Wholesale, Jaw Suppliers.
mini small rock crusher for sale used price Oct 28,, limestone cone crusher for sale in indonessia used limestone cone crusher suppliers in . hand crusher for sale in indonesia, Mining Rock Crusher,Small Gold Crushers . small limestone crusher for sale in malaysia.
small tracked rock crusher pluscs.eu. small tracked rock crusher for sale Grinding Mill . Posted at December 21, 2012 . mini track jaw crushers for sale mini rock . Small Concrete Crusher, Crusher Mills, Cone Small Crusher For Sale,Rock Crusher,Mini Crusher,Small And the small concrete crusher manufactured by SHENBANG is .
stone crusher machine indonesia agent ore crushing plant stone crusher machine indonesia agent a, Small Rock Crusher For Sale Australia Stone Crusher Machine . Stone crusher in Indonesia is used as coal crusher machine for mining Small stone crusher for sale Indonesia, sale indonesia crusher machine for sale .
Alibaba offers 6,320 small rock crushers for sale rock crusher for sale used cone crusher for sale small stone crusher tiếng Việt Indonesian for cone crusher price in indonesia for sale Contact us at 86 13953560679.
small rock crushers for sale. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
small granite crushers for sale Rock Crusher Mill . small granite crushers for sale XSM is a leading global manufacturer of crushing and milling equipment (small granite crushers for sale),XSM also supply individual .
Gold Ore Rock Crusher Bc hyderabadflora.in. Oct 22, 2016 Printers, Printing in Langley, BC, Port Kells, Walnut Grove, Surrey, Fraser Valley cariboo gold rock crusher for sale gold ore rock crusher bc, Gold Ore Crusher . small portable gold ore rock crusher for sale india,gold ore rock crusher.
Used Small Rock Crushers Sale Rock Crusher Equipment. Used Small Rock Crushers Sale. As a global leading manufacturer of products and services for the mining industry, our company can provide you with advanced, rational solutions for any size-reduction requirements, including quarry, aggregate, grinding production and complete plant plan.
Small Mining Equipment Small Rock Crusher for Sale,US $ 400 8,000 / Set, New, New, Jaw Crusher, Small Rock Crusher, small electric rock crusher Gold Ore Crusher Portable mobile rock crusher for sale rock crushers suppliers.
mini rock crushing machine small stone jaw crusher for sale mini rock crushing machine small stone jaw crusher for sale Hot Zambia, Kazakhstan, Indonesia, Jul 18, 2012Posts about Gold Small Stone Crusher for sale written by Gold Small Stone Crusher for sale, Indonesia iron ore crushing machine price, Check price.


NISSAN PATROL TITANIUM- 2019 Model is available at FULL OPTION MOTORS, Motor World, Al Shamkha, Abu Dhabi.
Hi, I am interested in your car - NISSAN PATROL TITANIUM- 2019- WHITE- GCC SPECS- 3YRS WARRANTY on Autozel Please let me know if it's still available. Thanks.


Tim and Brady discuss ideas for podcasts that they will (probably) never make.
Is this the same Brady who does Hello Internet?
Is the other guy really called Tim?
That idea you discussed, it already exists... etc?
That's going to happen sometimes. But still feel free to tell us about it.
I liked one of your ideas. You should make a real episode of it?
Sometimes we do. We did it for Tommyball and a few others.
What is a Donovan Doubleback?
Do you T-Shirts and stuff I can wear to show support for the show?
Why yes we do - here you go.
What do Brady and Tim look like?


Both broken and working images show as 200 in the logs, with 0 size.
Server is an Ubuntu cloud box (not shared!) with apache 2.2.22-6 using a proper ssl cert.
Images are not served through backend.php though unless I'm missing something obvious.
Well obviously disable gzip if it doesn't work for you, but this is just strange.
Any chance to extend/fork this plugin to cache all images for all feeds?
This would be quite useful for tt-rss sites served with https, where embedding non https contents (i.e. images) triggers all sorts of warnings (for example, Firefox and Safari would no longer show the https padlock, Chrome shows a yellow warning symbol).
Ah right, those are not served with image.php. This makes sense.
I had GZIP disabled to fix images. Now I enabled GZIP before pulling => broken images. Then I pulled => now the starred images show up fine with GZIP enabled.
Works great here too. Thanks!
I had gzip enabled which broke images for me. After disabling gzip previously stared images still don't seem to work.
Is my roblem gzip related or am i running into something differnt?


Hi-ya, good website you possess there.
The Facebook's philosophy about advertising through their social media site is that 'the ads should help with and become like overall user experience'.
You've probably heard as you go along that Facebook is a wonderful destination for a promote your brand, product, or service. This is just about the oldest yet more effective techniques and is also still considered effective in the era of web 2 . 0 marketing.
Especially revealing....look forwards to coming back again.
Terrific Web page, Keep up the very good work. Regards.


One of the oldest condiments ever known to mankind, these seeds are highly valued for the oil content in them. Made through 100% organic and natural procedures, these seeds possess great amount of healing powers and commonly used in the process of anti-ageing. Black sesame seeds are a good source of energy due to the high fat content. It contains healthy fats like polyunsaturated fatty acids and Omega-6. Sesame Black is rich in fibre, iron, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus.


text:
    <button class="menu"></button>

News

{{s.title}}

      {{s.content}}


text:
Главная » Signs » Sign: sparrows bathe in a puddle
Sign: sparrows bathe in a puddle
Sign: sparrows bathe in a puddle — interpretation
Sparrow — a gray, nondescript bird — everyone knows. For a long time, sparrows lived in close proximity to humans, and people even learned how to predict the weather on the basis of certain actions of these birds. For example, one of the most famous is folk omen — sparrows bathe in a puddle .
A sign — sparrows bathe in a puddle: interpretation
Bathing sparrows in a puddle is an extremely funny sight. Sometime our ancestors also noticed this.
And soon after that, it was observed that the air temperature was rising, the sun was starting to burn more strongly, and the rains had disappeared somewhere — in a word, a drought had set in.
Thus, by observation, people realized that if sparrows bathe in a puddle, it does not promise anything good. The onset of the dry pore foreshadowed a poor year, and this extremely upset the simple peasant, whose life was completely dependent on agriculture.
As for the present, people have long ago learned how to successfully resist adverse weather conditions and save grain crops, therefore bathing sparrows in a pool now causes no alarm for the future. Rather, the opposite is true: those whom this folk omen is familiar with start to rejoice on the eve of the onset of warm sunny weather, because along with the warmth the sun will bring the opportunity to spend time in the fresh air, take a walk, sunbathe and swim.
The season also influences the interpretation of omens, when the little birds wallow in the pool with pleasure:
if it happens in the fall, then warm and dry days are waiting ahead:
if it happens in summer, heat will set in.
It is believed that sparrows, like many other representatives of the fauna, are able to anticipate changes in the weather, so they begin to take water procedures before the air temperature rises.
What to expect if sparrows bathe in sand or dust?
Another common sign — Sparrows bathe in the dust or in the sand . The people give it a completely opposite interpretation. If suddenly you notice how the passerine flocks with ecstasy are swarming in the road dust or in the sand — it's time to prepare warm clothes, rubber boots and an umbrella. Dusty or sandy baths taken by gray birds promise cooling and prolonged rains.
Surprisingly, this sign is very rarely mistaken.
The scientific rationale will take
If ordinary people still listen to the signs that sparrows give, ornithologists do not find anything mysterious in the behavior and actions of these nimble birds.
Sparrows, like other birds, live in nests, which are fully accessible to various small parasites — they easily move to the feather cover and give the birds a lot of inconvenience. In a puddle, sparrows bathe before warming, because the activity of parasites reaches its peak just in hot weather.
Hygiene procedures such as bathing in dust or in the sand also help the birds to clean their plumage from small pests and, thus, keep it intact. If the sparrows had lost most of their feathers due to the puff-eaters, the ability to fly and the ability to lead normal activities would have been lost with them.
If you accept — sparrows bathe in a puddle — you can pick up another, quite logical, explanation. Before the onset of drought puddles warm up under the rays of the scorching sun and, for sure, the birds like to splash in lukewarm water.
And if a cold snap begins, it rains on the way — the water in the puddles also becomes unpleasantly cold, and bathing in warmer and more dry sand (or dust) will be much more enjoyable for sparrows.
Sparrows are swimming in a puddle: watch a funny sight in the video:
Other folk signs associated with sparrows
Other folk omens and beliefs are also associated with small sparrows. Conventionally, they can be divided into 2 categories:
omens giving meteorological forecast;
omens and beliefs that illuminate other aspects of human life.
Signs with sparrows about the weather
Want to know the weather for the near future? Watch the sparrows.
If the birds decided in the morning to start building and arranging their nest — wait for the heat and the sun . Bad weather definitely will not — at least until the end of the day.
Sparrow flocks fly almost above the ground — rain is coming , maybe even with a thunderstorm .
Sparrows rassichirilis and made noises in the winter day — precipitation is expected in the form of snow .
Birds began to chirp loudly on a summer day — in three days there will be shower .
Other signs and beliefs about sparrows
Sparrow has earned fame not only a good forecaster, but also became the main character of some popular beliefs related to human life.
In the old days, sparrows were attributed to male symbolism. As a result, it was believed that the sparrow settled on the roof promises the arrival of matchmakers and marriage to the brides for marriage , in this house living.
If the girl is already engaged to her betrothed (or married), the sparrow in this case warned of the appearance of the ill-wisher, under whose influence a rift between the bride and the groom (wife and husband) can occur.
A bad sign was considered if the sparrow flew into the open window . This meant that the house soon knock trouble , or the disease will destroy someone from the household , or even someone living in this house will go to another world . The bird hit the window or knocked several times on the glass — to the bad news. If the sparrow got into the house in some other way — you should wait for trouble .
You should be careful on the road if a bird has flown right over your head, — there will be failure in the way .
Some beliefs concern the dead sparrows. So, the people of antiquity believed that it is impossible to kill this small bird (even accidentally, unwillingly), so as not to cause trouble . Bad Sign — to see a dead (dead) bird: get in trouble .
But if sparrow you had a dream in night dreams — you can rejoice: you soon favorable changes await . Your life will be filled love and harmony .
Various signs and superstitions about sparrows were formed on the basis of folklore. Of course, the fame of this small gray bird is not very good, but sometimes it is very useful to observe the behavior of the sparrow.
Предыдущий The meaning of the name Leon — character traits and variants of fate
Следующий A love spell prayer — how to remove the spell with prayers
What is a leap year and their list
What is customary to do on the Day of Saint Eudoxia and how to celebrate this holiday
What does it mean if the bird hit the window: folk omens
What does it mean: pigeon flew to the balcony
What it means to find the ring: well-known signs and basic warnings
What to do and what not to do on a clean Thursday on signs
What does it mean if a dragonfly or a butterfly has sat on you: signs and superstitions
What does it mean if a feather flew through the window, fell, was found on the street: folk signs about bird feathers
What does it mean to brush your teeth in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What does it mean to be photographed in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What does it mean to hit the right or left elbow for a girl: the interpretation of omens
What does it mean to see a spider: folk signs
What does it mean to kill a snake in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What does a mole mean on the right or left hand: on the ring finger, little finger, outside of the palm
What does it mean to comb hair in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What does the sign mean — to find the feather of a bird and why it is considered happy
What does it mean to lose a child in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What does it mean to lose shoes in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What does the red thread on the wrist mean, how to tie it correctly
What does it mean to dye your hair in a dream: interpretation by dream books
What do folk omens mean if the bird kaknula: on the head, on the leg, on the arm
What a flower of the teschin language — what signs and superstitions are associated with it and what benefits does it bring
What to do on Pure (Great) Thursday before Easter: folk signs, customs and rituals
What happens if you accidentally break the mirror and how to avoid it
What breaks a mirror in the house: deciphering the meaning Broken objects always cause a keen interest — all interested ...
What will happen if sugar is sprinkled, what does it mean: interpretation of omens
According to popular beliefs, spilled sugar brings luck to a person. In ancient times, granulated sugar was rare, and only ...
Chihalka on the clock — features and nuances of decoding
Folk chihalka on hours and days of the week Chikhalka on the clock — this is a list of predictions, ...
Chihalka on Thursday in time: interpretation, signs
Most people do not attach much importance to the random sneeze in everyday life. But there is a belief among ...


Once you agree to the Terms And Conditions, check the box "I Agree to the Terms and Conditions" these Terms and conditions bind you, whether or not you register as a member. Read all the Terms And Conditions and indicate your acceptance to the Cady Introductions network for the Registration process. This Agreement is legally binding for the use of our network and services,"Cady Introductions".
It is vital to use common sense when using our services. It is your sole responsibility to determine the individuals character your corresponding with, not Cady Introductions. Cady Introductions Will Not take responsibility or be held accountable for any event or events that take place through use of our services.
Cady introductions reserves the right to change or modify the terms and conditions and may do so at any time.
Cady Introductions reserves the right to change or modify the services or network and may do so at any time.
All registered persons with Cady Introductions must be 18 years of age.
Cady introductions will not take any responsibility for the actions of users on the network.
All users take their own risks and are responsible for any incidental, consequential damages or loss directly or indirectly from use of our services.
All acts below prohibited through the use of Cady Introductions. Everyone has a sole responsibility for his or her own account, any such acts will lead to suspension of the individuals account.
Marriage Agencies using our network for promotion of ladies.
We reserve the right to suspend your account or remove your profile at any time if you breach these terms and conditions.
All personal data received from users will be used only for Cady introductions and other online users. Cady introductions will not disclose any personal information such as name, address, or any information to users on the network. Any information Cady Introductions receives from users will not be shared with, or sold to any other company.


This article characterizes the physical differences between powder metallurgy (PM) and wrought or cast materials, as they apply to joining. It discusses acceptable joining procedures and techniques, including welding and brazing and solid-state methods. Information on the weldability of various PM materials is presented. The article also describes the effects of porosity on several important properties that affect the welding characteristics.


text:
{"domain":"meal-kit-supply-canada.myshopify.com" }
It looks like you may be visiting us from outside Canada.
Would you like to be directed to the international site?
About MREs
Why Buy MREs?
MRE History
MRE Shipping
MRE Storage
MRE Date Code Converter
MRE Recipes
About MREs Menu
How Long Can You Survive Without Food?
by Brian O'Connor September 02, 2021
How would you survive if you found yourself stranded on a desert island? It's a thought experiment that dates back into antiquity. There's just something about the most extreme survival situations which captures the imagination. The second we hear about the concept, we begin to think about how we'd fight against seemingly incalculable odds to survive the impossible. However, are those odds really so incalculable?
Do we know just how long we'd be able to survive without food? And does that data hold out into various real world situations rather than just clinical or laboratory settings? We can begin answering these questions by looking at the exact nature of food.
The True Importance of Food
What, exactly, is food? This might seem like a foolish question at first. We typically eat three or more times per day. And we repeat that pattern for almost every single day of our lives. The nature of food seems obvious. It's the stuff we eat that hopefully tastes good while sating our hunger. But dirt could fill our stomachs and sate hunger pangs. It wouldn't be able to keep us alive for very long though. So it wouldn't qualify as food.
Food is essentially a mix of complex nutrients that our body can use as fuel to keep itself going. The exact nutrients required by human life consist of an exhaustive laundry list of complex chemical formulas, but we can simplify this by saying food is essentially a combination of calories, protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals. Food also needs to be in a form that our body can properly break down in order to get at those nutrients. For example, grass does contain nutrients. But we don't really consider it food because the human stomach can't break it down to actually get at those important components, whereas a cow's powerful digestive system can break down grass in order to obtain the plant's nutrients.
It's also important to keep in mind that different foods will carry different ratios of nutrients. This is the items' nutritional profile. No food has every single nutrient that we need to stay alive. But some, such as potatoes, come very close. Outside of nature we can also mix and match ingredients to create food that has an impressive nutritional profile. An MRE (meal ready to eat) and similar survival food is an example of this concept taken to the extreme. A lot of science has gone into creating MRE packages that provide almost everything needed to stay alive while also providing a stable shelf life. And the average package puts a heavy emphasis on some of the more important nutrients.
Calories, Glucose and Our Dinner Plate
Calories are one of the most important aspects of survival food. Lack of most nutrients will kill us eventually, but lack of calories will typically take us out long before we're seriously impacted by other missing nutrients.
The importance of calories is true for both meals carried by soldiers trekking through difficult conditions and those stored in storm shelters. Difficult times call for calories. Easy times also call for calories, but allow for much lower levels. The very fact that survival food is heavy on calories gives us our first hint about how well we can live without any food at all.
Our body uses something called glucose as its preferred and primary fuel. Glucose is essentially just sugar. This is also why foods that we typically call "empty calories" are usually sugary. When we eat sugar we're essentially providing our body with its most fundamental element. Scientists believe that this is why we like the taste of sugar so much. We have a strong instinct to devour this important nutritional element when we find it in abundance.
Glucose is such an important aspect of our biology that we can only go about a day without it before things start to go wrong. We typically use up our glucose reserves after about twenty-four hours with no food. At this point our body starts to release something called glucagon into circulation. This element initiates gluconeogenesis within our liver. During gluconeogenesis our body creates glucose without the need for outside elements. However, this process isn't something that our bodies can keep up with forever.
We can think of gluconeogenesis as somewhat analogous to backup power in a building. Backup power keeps things going in a normal manner for a while. But eventually, the building needs to switch over to something else in order to maintain functionality. Likewise, our body needs to move on from gluconeogenesis by the second or third day without food.
Putting Those Extra Pounds to Good Use
When our body can't maintain gluconeogenesis much longer we start to transition to the use of adipose tissue. In plain language, this is essentially burning fat. One pound of fat is roughly comparable to about 3,500 calories. An adult man will typically need somewhere around 2,500 calories per day. This might seem like an ideal solution at first glance. After all, just one pound of fat is more than the average man needs for a full day of survival.
However, it's important to keep in mind that fat isn't the ideal fuel source for our bodies. Our brains in particular work far more efficiently with glucose than the ketones produced by burning fat reserves. But this does start to give us a way to estimate some of the basics of long-term survival though.
We'll automatically get a free pass of a day or two thanks to gluconeogenesis. But past that point, we'd burn fat to stay alive. For the sake of convenience we'll go with a fairly average adult male as a starting point for our math. It's important to keep in mind that this is a very generalized estimate. We find a huge amount of variation in body types even within the same gender, and things get even more complicated if we're differentiating between men and women. But with that in mind, we can start with a man who's five feet and nine inches tall.
A sedentary 5'9 male will usually have a base weight, without fat, of around 125 lbs or so. Beyond that weight will come from a mix of fat and muscle. We'll say that he has about 50 lbs of fat. This would equal out to about 175,000 calories. This would, in turn, be roughly enough for 70 days, but that's not the end of the story. Once fat reserves have been used up, our body switches over to protein obtained from muscle tissue.
Burning Muscle As Our Last Resort
Burning protein might seem like a great fallback at first. After all, our gains at the gym don't matter very much when compared with just staying alive. Unfortunately, we use muscle for a lot more than lifting things. Our hearts, for example, are also primarily composed of muscle tissue. When we start metabolizing muscle, we also start to break down our own heart. As we burn muscle, a domino effect begins to take place.
Loss of various functions in one part of the body trigger losses in another. Again, the heart in particular is a huge part of this process. Decreased heart function can disrupt almost all other parts of the body. At some point in this process we'll finally die.
Putting Everything Together To Get an Answer
In general, we can say that a fairly sedentary, slightly overweight person can live a little over seventy days without food, but it's important to keep in mind that we can't just depend on raw numbers. A lot of other factors can make survival more questionable.
Lack of excess fat is one of the biggest issues. If someone has a weak heart, or other medical problems, they might not last nearly as long as someone who was healthy at the start, and women typically benefit from a higher percentage of stored fat and lower caloric requirements.
We should also take a moment to consider just how valuable nutrient-dense items, such as emergency food, can be. It's always a good idea to stock up on emergency food supplies like MREs in case of an emergency. They're typically about 1,200 calories per serving. That's a big difference when staving off the point where we start to burn muscle! Knowing how long we can live without food is an interesting thought experiment. But it's a much more useful concept if we can plan for ways to ensure we never experience starvation in the first place.
© 2022, Meal Kit Supply Canada


text:
|}

Spoorlijn 290 (ook bekend onder de naam Železniční trať Olomouc – Šumperk, wat Spoorlijn Olomouc – Šumperk betekent) is een spoorlijn in Tsjechië. De lijn loopt van de stad Olomouc, via Šternberk en Uničov naar Šumperk. In 1870 werd het eerste stuk tussen Olomouc en Šterberk in gebruik genomen, drie jaar later volgde de rest.

Elektrificatie
Er zijn plannen om het hele traject tussen 2018 en 2021 te elektrificeren. De maximumsnelheid op het stuk Olomouc – Uničov zal hierbij naar 160 km/h verhoogd worden, op het stuk Uničov – Šumperk 90 km/h.

Galerij

Zie ook
 Lijst van spoorlijnen in Tsjechië

290


Hidden Hills, La Habra Heights and Bradbury have the most similar percentage of homeowners in Los Angeles County.
Chinese (21.0%) and Mexican (14.6%) are the most common ancestries.
13,874 (46.2%) of residents are foreign born, high for the San Gabriel Valley and high for the county. Taiwan (20.7%) and Philippines (17.3%) are the most common foreign places of birth.
The neighboring communities are Diamond Bar, Industry, Pomona, Ramona, Rowland Heights, San Dimas, South San Jose Hills and West Covina.
Walnut is one of the 272 neighborhoods in Mapping L.A., The Times' resource for crime, neighborhoods, demographics and schools.


Nov 16, 1998Table 1 Size analysis of animals aboard the Ark. Page numbers refer to Woodmorappe, 1996, from which the figures in the row are taken.(Minor arithmetic errors in totals are corrected.) Woodmorappe treats many animals as juveniles; yearling masses are masses of those animals after one year of growth.
Coal is an integral component for 70% of global steel production, and via steel, There's about 150 tonnes of metallurgical coal via steel in an onshore windmill and 250 tonnes of coal in an offshore one.
Catalog of Books and Reports in the Bureau of Mines Technical Library, Pittsburgh, Pa. Category Geology. Page N.A. View 4022. 1997 by N.A. Books on microfilm. While most studies of labor in the coal industry focus on the struggle to organize unions, this work offers a more diverse and quantitative examination of the labor market.
Auction Morabisi Columbite-Tantalite Area October 15th 2001 Petroleum Division Web Page Geological Services Division Web Page The Guyana Geology and Mines Commission (GGMC) was created in 1979 from the Department of Geological Surveys and Mines which itself was the successor to the Geological Survey of British Guiana.
26 ROCKS AND MINERALS OF PENNSYLVANIA. OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES MAGNETITE Fe3O4. Black. Metallic luster. Attracted to magnets. Crystals and irregular masses.
volume, metal-laden discharges from coal minesactive . Generally, aluminum U.S. Geological Survey. Brent Means is Hydrologist, Bob McKenzie is Supervisor, and Harry Morris and Bill Arthur Coal Mine Drainage Research, Pittsburgh, Pa., p. 200-226.
After Jharkhand toll, 2016 one of deadliest years for mine After Jharkhand toll, 2016 one of deadliest years for mine workers Eastern Coalfields, where the latest accident has taken place, is a subsidiary of State-owned Coal India Ltd (CIL), the world's largest coal miner.
1887 Allegheny,1877 Westmoreland,1888 Cambria Co. Pa Geology Maps,coal,minerals . $9.95. 1888 Geological Survey Ar Annual Report Vol Ii Neozoic Geology Of Sw Arkanasas. $49.99. 1888 Geological Survey Ar Annual Report Vol Iii Geology Of The Coal Regions Map. $49.99.
The average coal mine inspector salary in Qubec City, Qubec is $75,489 or an equivalent hourly rate of $36. This is 5% lower (-$4,246) than the average coal mine inspector salary in Canada. In addition, they earn an average bonus of $2,250.
Nov 16, 2018Find a national park by selecting from a list or choosing a state on the map.
This web site is a collection of nostalgia and regionalisms from the Anthracite Coal Region of Pennsylvania. The region is made up of Schuylkill, Carbon, Lackawanna, Luzerne, Northumberland, and Columbia counties, and also the northernmost reaches of Dauphin county.
Read Online Geology Of Red Deer And Rosebud Sheets Alberta and Download Geology Of Red Deer And Rosebud Sheets Alberta book full in formats.
Vitamin World Probiotics Shearing Geology Item Stargateuniverse. Ointment, bismuth, for dry, rough, not acutely inflamed eczema, 441 boric, in seborrheic eczema, 442 Olive oil, homogenized, in place of butter fat, 202 in place.


According to the AP, young people in Japan have found better things than cars to spend their money on..
younger Japanese … prefer to spend their money on mobile phone bills and other gadgets than on cars.
some people in their 20s said they didn't want a car, even if they got it for free. Others said they didn't find the idea of going for a drive with a date or zipping around in a sports car as particularly appealing.
I eagerly await the day when this attitude makes it to North America. I may, however, get very old waiting for this day to come.
As the article notes, Japan has an excellent public transportation system and very high parking prices (often about $1 per 15 minutes with no maximum), making car ownership in urban areas not just superfluous, but also a huge burden.
Typically, Japanese use their car maybe once a week to go for a drive (on streets and highways choked with others doing the same thing), so why not save that money and spend it on something you use every day, like your 携帯 (mobile phone) or home appliances.


text:
At the crossroads of Switzerland and Italy, Grenoble-Alpes Metropole is situated in an ideal location at the heart of the French Alps.
GRENOBLE WELCOMES THE WORLD
Three international airports are located less than 90 minutes from Grenoble: Lyon Saint-Exupéry, Grenoble Alpes Isère and Geneva. In total, more than 200 direct destinations are accessible.
With up to 10 direct Grenoble-Paris round trips by high-speed TGV train, and with the Lyon Part-Dieu hub 1hr15mins away, the rail offer from Grenoble is also very attractive.
Ideally located in the city centre, Grenoble railway station is perfectly connected to the city's bus and tram network.
Finally, the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes motorway network is the most densely populated area after Île-de-France. Thanks to the A41, A48, A49 and A51 motorways, Grenoble is easily connected to Lyon, the Rhone Valley, Switzerland and Italy.
Three international airports
LYON SAINT-EXUPÉRY (LYS)
115 direct destinations, 58 airlines
60 mins from Grenoble
GRENOBLE ALPES ISÈRE (GNB)
19 direct destinations, 10 airlines
GENÈVE (GVA)
An impressive road network
A48-A49 MOTORWAYS
Lyon - 60 mins
Valence - 60 mins
A41 MOTORWAY
Chambéry - 45 mins / Annecy - 75 mins
Geneva - 90 mins / Turin - 2hrs50mins / Milan 4hrs
Marseille - 3hrs
GRENOBLE / aIRPORTS,
great SHUTTLES
Shuttle services connect Grenoble to Geneva and Lyon-Saint Exupéry airports. From the bus station, delegates can easily reach the two major international airports in the region.
OUIBUS provides shuttles every 30 mins between Grenoble and Lyon-Saint Exupéry airport.
Aérocar provides shuttles 6 times a day between Grenoble and Geneva International airport.
A railway station in the city centre
PARIS - GRENOBLE 3hrs
16 direct round-trips by TGV/ day
LYON - GRENOBLE 1hrs15mins
1 train every 30 mins
Direct access to the Lyon Part-Dieu hub
(Eurostar connection, AVE-Renfe)
GENEVA - GRENOBLE 2hrs
The city benefits from an efficient infrastructure that makes its hub location one of its great advantages. Whether you come by plane, train, or automobile, Grenoble is connected to the capitals of Europe and the world !
PARTICIPANT TRANSPORTATION


To say that 2016 was a year of change for me would be an incredible understatement. After ten years working in higher education, running professional art galleries, I decided to leave my job and find my bliss.
Last night Andrea and I dropped in on a yoga class at our old favorite, South Windsor Yoga Studio. Back about a hundred years ago we were SWYS regulars. We both went for a few years and then things happened, we both got married, one of us had babies, and we both stopped going. Andrea had been going to SWYS on and off, but I hadn't been there since… hmm, probably since 2000, maybe 1999. Long time. We sort of both lost track of our class at Lotus Yoga. As much as we liked it, the day wasn't working and we wanted something different so when Andrea suggested we drop in at SWYS on Monday night, I said sure. And all I can say is that it was like going home.
Honestly, it was surreal. The studio has changed very little, and Paul and Sydney, the couple who own the studio, they're still teaching the classes. For me the sound of Paul's voice, the flow of the postures, the method, the whole thing, it was like having deja vu for an hour and a half. It was wonderful. My brain stopped, my body relaxed, and I enjoyed every second I was there.
We both floated out to the car and then, if we weren't happy enough already, we stopped at Rita's on the way home. I got a mango ice with vanilla custard and 'Nilla Wafer Blendini and… yum. Unfortunately I was expecting to be blown away by some amazing, fabulous, never before experienced ice cream glory based on the things I'd heard people say about Rita's, and because of that I was a little disappointed. It was good, don't get me wrong, and I'd leave the computer right now to go get another one if you asked me to, but if you offered me a Blizzard from Dairy Queen or a Blendini from Rita's, I'd have to take the Blizzard. We took our not-Blizzards-but-still-yummy Blendinis home to Andrea's where we sat on the couch and watched Dancing with the Stars together. It was delightful.
Next week we plan to do the same. I'm not sure if we'll go to Rita's, but I guarantee there will be ice cream in there somewhere. Then we'll watch the final DWTS of the season and one of us (or both of us) will cry because she's rooting for Jason and I'm rooting for Christian. At least there will be ice cream.
Really I'm just trying to come up with an excuse why I haven't scanned my drawings yet. I think it's Andrea's fault. Tonight, I promise I'll have them scanned and up on Flickr. In the meantime, check out the cute mug-to-be that I'm crocheting. I saw the idea on someone's blog last week and now I can't remember who it was. Oh well, thank you brilliant blogger lady whoever you are. It's cute, isn't it? If I don't get dragged out and forced to shop again tonight I should be able to put the handle on and finish it (after I scan my drawings, of course) and maybe even have a picture of it for you tomorrow. Oh the excitement.


text:
Östra realskolan var ett läroverk i Göteborg som var verksamt mellan 1902 och 1969.

Historia
Göteborgs östra realskola påbörjade sin verksamhet 1902. Från 1958 fanns här också ett kommunalt gymnasium.

Skolan kommunaliserades 1966 samtidigt som realskolan avvecklades och fick därefter namnet Gullbergsgymnasiet, vilket sedan avvecklades 1969. Studentexamen gavs från 1962 till 1968 och realexamen från 1907 till 1966.

Byggnaden
Skolan var de första åren belägen vid Drottningtorget.

Skolan vid Stampgatan 13 invigdes den 11 januari 1906 efter ritningar av arkitekt Yngve Rasmussen. År 1969 övertogs byggnaden av Göteborgs högre samskola.

Källor

Noter

Tryckta källor
Från Börsen till Park Avenue: Intressanta göteborgsbyggnader uppförda mellan 1850 och 1950, uppställda i kronologisk ordning och avbildade på vykort, Ove Nylén, Haspen Förlag 1988, , s. 60

Byggnader i Göteborg
Ej längre existerande skolor i Göteborg
Stampen


Need to reach your audience while they are outdoors? Adideo can target that audience successfully as well! While outdoors, it does not matter whether the person is a young and active socialite, or a full-time employee that is always on the go – our large scale and nationwide ability to interact on a personal level with any individual in any environment is unmatched.
Adideo will place your message where it counts, and we will make sure that your campaign has a physical and memorable presence.


Alongside the Assembly on modern slavery, the Diocesan Ecological Conversion Group will be running introductory workshops on the theme of Justice & Peace and the links between environmental degradation and the rise of modern slavery.
Covering issues such issues such as Climate Change, Refugees, Poverty and destruction of our natural world, the workshops will explore how small changes in your daily life can make a real difference globally.
The workshops are perfect for people looking to put their faith into action but are not exactly sure how. The workshops will also signpost opportunities for you to get involved in your local community through volunteering.
When: Saturday 26 January, 10 – 3.30 pm (doors open 9.30 am).


On Sunday, December 6, some of our city's best and brightest will take the stage with professional dance partners to raise awareness and funds for the Center for Child Protection at Dancing with the Stars Austin!
I attend the event every year and thought this would be a great way to get more of my friends and peers involved!
Trying to hold back on some of my killer moves… It has been hard for my professional dancer to keep up with my dance ability!
Becoming friends with the other dancers and learning more about the Center [for Child Protection].
She wants to have fun! She is so open to doing things that will ensure the audience is having a good time.
Good luck to Cole & Katrina! Thanks so much for your hard work, and we can't wait to see you dance for such a good cause on Sunday!


text:
← 'Responsibility to Prosecute'? The Case of German Universal Jurisdiction, CIJA and the Arrest of Syrian Perpetrators
Mandatory Multilateralism – an Overview →
Criminalizing Dissent in Post-Democratic Societies
by Greg Martin | April 2019
Since his election in late 2018, commentators have expressed deep concern at the threat posed to democracy by Brazil's far-right president, Jair Bolsonaro, including how his presidency will affect environmentalists, indigenous people and workers' movements in Brazil and across Latin America. Among other things, Bolsonaro promised during his campaign for the presidency to banish political rivals from Brazil. Branding them 'red outlaws', he said that "Either they go overseas, or they go to jail". The background to Bolsonaro's election is now familiar. Promises to purge the state of a corrupt political class, to tackle violent crime, and fix a faltering economy are hallmarks of conservative-right rhetoric in the current conjuncture. Indeed, these issues featured in the Trump campaign in the United States, and to some degree in the run-up to Brexit in the United Kingdom. Both the Trump and Brexit campaigns also had antagonism to migrants as their centrepiece.
Similarly, in Australia, concern over immigration, or, more specifically, the unauthorized arrival of 'boat people', has sparked punitive political responses over many decades, and not just from conservative parties but the Australian Labor Party, too. So, in a country that is relatively insulated from many of the woes outlined above, we also see, somewhat surprisingly, not only the criminalization of refugees and asylum seekers but also the criminalization of those who raise concern at their mistreatment. In this case, the 'criminalization of dissent' is enshrined in Part 6 of the Australian Border Force Act 2015 (Cth), which prohibits the disclosure of information by would-be whistleblowers as to conditions in Australia's offshore processing facilities on Manus Island (Papua New Guinea) and in Nauru. While recent amendments now exempt medical professionals, such as doctors, from the 'secrecy provisions' of the Border Force Act, advocates remain concerned they could still apply too broadly to non-health professionals, including teachers and social workers.
When she was President of the Australian Human Rights Commission, Gillian Triggs described the secrecy provisions under the Border Force Act as one element in the Australian government's 'ideological assault' on advocacy, whistleblowing and speaking out. Similarly, on a two-week visit to Australia in 2016 to meet human rights defenders, UN special rapporteur, Michel Forst, identified hundreds of secrecy laws that act as gags on civil society groups and whistleblowers[, including those contained in the Border Force Act, as well as in state anti-protest laws, such as in New South Wales, where environmental protestors who lock-on to mining equipment face jail terms of up to seven years.
Just as Bolsonaro seeks to harness police authority to implement his political agenda, so criminalizing dissent is often accompanied more broadly by the enhancement of police powers. In certain contexts, such as the policing of protest at international 'mega-events', such as G20, WTO and APEC summits, or major sporting events, like the 2016 Rio Olympics, police are granted extraordinary powers to control protest in urban spaces using surveillance and other pre-emptive measures. In an effort to neutralize police control, protestors use their own forms of counter-surveillance, frequently employing mobile phone cameras to capture instances of police brutality and other forms of misconduct. However, in what surveillance scholar, Gary T. Marx, identifies as the 'coevolution of tactics'[1] between police and protestors, many police forces worldwide now provide officers with body-worn video cameras, which, like the devices used by protestors, act as both deterrent and as a source of 'digital evidence' should the need arise in court proceedings. The advent of digital technologies and social media where 'citizen journalists' find it relatively easy to post incriminating footage of policing at protest events has caused some governments to extend the criminalization of dissent to the filming of police and police operations.
In the United States, for instance, the question of whether the First Amendment to the Constitution (guaranteeing freedom of speech and the right to peaceable assembly) extends to rights to surveil police was raised after a federal judge ruled that the First Amendment does not protect a right to take photos or record videos of police, unless filming is done in the 'spirit of protest'. That decision echoed previous proposals drafted in California to protect citizens recording or photographing police actions, as long as they do not prevent officers performing their duties. However, the decision diverged from plans subsequently drafted in Arizona to make it illegal to shoot close-up videos of police on the grounds that it would distract officers engaging with suspects, and thus put them in danger.
The filming of police by ordinary citizens came to the fore with the Black Lives Matter movement in the United States, although tactics of state agents here were far more underhand. In an open letter[, a group of 40 documentary filmmakers wrote to the US Department of Justice after it was revealed that citizen journalists involved in the Black Lives Matter movement who filmed black people being shot by police were subsequently harassed and targeted by law enforcement agencies clearly intent upon supressing footage, intimidating witnesses, controlling stories, and covering up police misconduct.
Sometimes considered a stand-alone right, the 'right to protest' is in fact an amalgam of the right to free speech and the right to assemble peacefully in public. And while it has been recognized in law to varying degrees across jurisdictions, the recent developments discussed above indicate it is increasingly under attack, even in societies that are ostensibly democratic in nature. What this tells us about the rule of law and status of democracy is disturbing and perhaps more in tune with what Colin Crouch refers to as 'post-democracy', which describes "a situation where all the institutions of democracy – elections, changes of government, free debate, rule of law – continue, but they become a charade, because democratic institutions have been surpassed as major decision-making entities by small groups of financial and political elites". Ironically, then, while populist politicians are elected on a mandate to rid the state of corruption, if the post-democracy thesis holds true, ultimately they will only replace one corrupt system with another.
[1] Marx, G. (2009). "A tack in the shoe and taking off the shoe: Neutralization and counter-neutralization dynamics". In: Surveillance & Society 6(3), pp. 294-306, p. 299.↩
Greg Martin's work addressing issues contained here include, among other publications:
Martin, G. (2019): Crime, Media and Culture. Abingdon: Routledge.
Martin, G. (forthcoming, 2019): "Turn the detention centre inside out: Challenging state secrecy in Australia's offshore processing of asylum seekers". In: P. Billings (ed.), Crimmigration in Australia: Law, Politics and Society. New York, NY: Springer.
Written by Greg Martin
Greg Martin is Associate Professor of Socio-Legal Studies at the School of Social and Political Science, University of Sydney, Australia. In 2017-2018, he was a Distinguished Research Fellow at the WZB Center for Global Constitutionalism.
Website at the University of Sydney
This entry was posted in Regular posts and tagged Civil Liberties, Criminalizing Dissent, Human Rights, Populism, Rule of Law. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
<#
.Synopsis
    Undo a sql transaction.

.Description
    Undo (ROLLBACK) a sql transaction.

.Parameter ConnectionName
    User defined name for connection.

#>
Function Undo-SqlTransaction {
    [cmdletBinding()]
    Param([Parameter(Position=0)][ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()][Alias("cn")][string]$ConnectionName = "default")

    If(TestConnectionName -ConnectionName $ConnectionName) {
        try { $Script:Connections.$ConnectionName.RollbackTransaction() }
        catch {
            Write-Warning "Received an error while Undoing the transaction, usually this means a timeout has expire and you can safely ignore: $_."
            if($Script:Connections.$ConnectionName.Transaction) {
                $Script:Connections.$ConnectionName.Transaction.Dispose()
                $Script:Connections.$ConnectionName.Transaction = $null
            }
            if($Script:Connections.$ConnectionName.Connection.State -eq "Closed") { $Script:Connections.$ConnectionName.Connection.Open() }
        }
    }
}

Export-ModuleMember -Function Undo-SqlTransaction


Based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Cloakwork is an illustrator and street artist who's traveled the world in search of blank walls. His colorful murals have found homes in the streets and alleyways of Mongolia, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, England, Australia, and beyond.
Cloakwork has been making street art for the last eight years, citing as motivation his "rebellious personality and trying-to-do-something-extraordinary mentality as a student." Using vibrant colors and bold line work, he creates narrative-driven pieces with astounding details. A look at his work makes clear that each wall he paints is a work of love.
The different people, places, histories, and cultures he's encountered influence the aesthetic and creative direction of each piece. Including local culture into his graffiti has become a hallmark of his work.
If you're lucky, perhaps one day on your travels you too might just stumble across one of his colorful pieces.


On May 11 a lecture on "Effective Investor-Startup Relations" was held at the Public Journalism Club (Saryan 30). The guest speaker for the event was Emre Ozbek from Turkey, a partner at Istanbul Startup Angels.
The event was organized as part of the third and final stage of the Technology Goes Beyond Borders Project (TGBB). TGBB participants, consultants, organizers attended the event, which was also open to everyone interested in the experiences of the neighboring country. Over 30 young entrepreneurs, students, technology experts, journalists also joined TGBB participants for Emre Ozbek's lecture.
"You don't get a chance to participate in such projects every now and then and I'm proud to be a part of it", said Mr. Ozbek during his opening remarks, which was followed by a 1.5 hour lecture. Mr.Ozbek spoke about creating angel investor labs in the world and presented Turkey's experience highlighting also those financial and legal factors that should be taken into account in the dealings between investors and startups.
Since the concept and the institute of angel investing is underdeveloped in Armenia, the participants had several questions to the speaker on issues ranging from the setup of angel investor networks to information sources on venture capitals, to understanding who the real investor is so as not to deal with intermediaries.
Remember the differences between angel investors and venture capitalists. The first are individuals that manage their own resources, while the second offer institutional investments.
Prepare you business for investments and know the potential investor. You never know when you will meet a wealthy investor interested in your business idea. So, practice your pitch and have it ready for presentation.
Attract people with your story and your presentation, use examples and cases to convince investors.
Fully engage in your interactions with your investor, think of it as the main purpose of your partnership. Avoid any surprises.
Think globally. Even though Armenia's population is 3 million and Turkey's is around 80, it is still small as a market.
And never forget that there are many investors as there are many startups and you should be able to make a good investor choice for you business.
The lecture was life streamed on the PJC's YouTube channel and the video is available here.
Emre Özbek is an angel investor and partner at Istanbul Startup Angels, mentor and advisor to startups following 20 years of corporate senior level experience. He advises PricewaterhouseCoopers and Vodafone in strategy, risk management and corporate governance; provides guidance and support for entrepreneurs and startup ventures in innovative business models and technologies. He is active in the ecosystem through his personal support at Endeavor, HABITAT, TUBITAK, Startup Bootcamp and Startup Weekend as mentorship and delivering trainings. Emre holds Advisory Board memberships at various startups; on crowd funding, bio plastics, smart energy management and social media management.
TGBB kicked off in February and was implemented in three stages. During the first-capacity building stage (23 February -23 March, 2015) the six teams from Armenia and Turkey received online mentorship from Armenian and Turkish experts, who also assessed their needs. The teams then came together at a four-day crash course in Armenia (March 26-29), which was followed by another round of online mentorship during which the teams reviewed and finalized their ideas and prepared for the pitching on May 12.
The project is funded by the U.S. Embassy in Armenia and European Union within the framework of the programme Support to the Armenia-Turkey Normalisation Process. It is implemented by the Microsoft Innovation Center and the Public Journalism Club.
Being a Startup and an Entrepreneur: What does it Mean?


Twitter was not affected by the Heartbleed Internet vulnerability that rocked the Web security world this week, making one less password consumers need to change to protect themselves, but users still need to be careful how they respond to the threat.
Story added 10. April 2014, content source with full text you can find at link above.


Sticky Bombs are explosives featured in The Ballad of Gay Tony and Grand Theft Auto V. They can be thrown and stick to any surface they hit, but, unlike the Satchel Charges from Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, these bombs do not stick to people. They can then be detonated by pressing Down on the d-pad or shooting them. When thrown the bombs emit a steady beep and a yellow light flashes. When activated the beep rises in pitch and speed, and the light turns red, then after less than a second, they detonate. The blast radius is similar to a grenade. Up to ten (two in multiplayer) Sticky Bombs can be placed; throwing out the eleventh(third in multiplayer) will cause the first one to disappear. The bombs have a 90 second fuse, so if an armed bomb is left undetonated for 90 seconds, it will automatically detonate. The detonation of a sticky bomb imposes a minimum of a one-star wanted level.
Many players prefer this weapons in drive-by's, due to the fact that they deal a large amount of damage, can stick to any vehicle, and can be detonated at any time (which allows them to be used somewhat like landmines). However, the player must be careful to ensure that their own car doesn't get caught in the blast radius, if used these against a vehicle in close proximity. Another factor to take in mind is how fragile they are. As mentioned above, shooting them will cause them to explode. However, they can be detonated via physical contact. If it is placed onto a vertical surface and rammed by a car, it will detonate. One must take care when using them in a drive-by that that car that the bomb is stuck on doesn't attempt to ram the player, as the impact may cause the bomb to explode.
The Sticky Bombs in action.
In-game model in GTA V.
This page was last modified on 15 May 2015, at 00:51.