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sheril
Hollywood's Offensive and Deeply Unoriginal "Skeptic Conversion" Narrative
By cmooney on June 25, 2007.
Pardon me while I breathe some fire for a minute. You see, I was looking for a good movie to go see over the weekend and instead ran across this obnoxious one: 1408. The plot:
"Renowned horror novelist Mike Enslin believes only in what he can see with his own two eyes. But after a string of best-sellers discrediting paranormal events in the most infamous haunted houses and graveyards around the world, he has no real proof of life--afterlife. But Enslin's phantom-free run of long and lonely nights is about to change forever when he checks into suite 1408 of the notorious Dolphin Hotel for his latest project, "Ten Nights in Haunted Hotel Rooms." Defying the warnings of the hotel manager, the author is the first person in years to stay in the reputedly haunted room. Another best-seller may be imminent, but first he must go from skeptic to true believer--and ultimately survive the night."
Hmm...doesn't that sound familiar.
Indeed, nearly five years ago I wrote a column entitled "Conversion Fantasies" in which I made the following point: In movies and TV series about the paranormal, the sterotypical "skeptic" figure always seems to convert into a believer by the end. And why does this occur? Well, because in fiction, the author can control the laws of nature, and in these fictional narratives (which show an abundant lack of creativity), the supernatural always turns out to be real.
In reality, by contrast, skeptics prevail constantly on the merits and are hardly undergoing such flip-flops on a regular basis--which makes the "conversion narrative," featured in X-Files, Taken, Signs, Dark Skies, and so many other places, a cheap thrill indeed. As Slate reviewer David Edelstein wrote many years back of Signs:
It isn't hard to make a movie that proves the controlling existence of God, because the writer/director of a movie is its god. He or she has determined the outcome, fashioned the people, and arranged the mise en scène. He or she has said, "Let there be light." Details can be planted early that will pay off later; a deus ex machina can be lowered on cue...If there is a God, He doesn't work in such facile, B-movie ways.
As I further wrote in my own column, the skeptic conversion narrative is deeply offensive and even perhaps bigoted towards a group of people who deserve far better treatment:
Perhaps the most egregious example of a skeptic conversion via fiction...came in an episode several years ago of the flopped NBC television series Dark Skies. The show introduced a fictional version of Carl Sagan, and then made this archetypal doubter of UFO cover-up claims privy to high-level government UFO secrets. The fictional Sagan then goes on to use the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence program (SETI) as a way to find out which planets the aliens are coming from, all the while remaining complicit in a government conspiracy to suppress the truth. The episode came out just half a year after Sagan's death, which is some indication of just how thoughtless and insulting the trend of converting skeptics through fiction can get.
And now, 1408 is gonna do it again. John Cusack, who has been in much better stuff (including the 2003 thriller Identity), should be ashamed. If you want to be ticked off, watch the 1408 trailer below, but please don't give this movie any of your money:
The corruption of Scooby Doo
Chris Mooney makes a point about the supernatural thriller genre. Indeed, nearly five years ago I wrote a column entitled "Conversion Fantasies" in which I made the following point: In movies and TV series about the paranormal, the sterotypical "skeptic" figure always seems to convert into a…
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X-FILES 2: A Cultural Resurrection for the Paranormal?
Note: Trends reflect the number of combined articles appearing annually in the New York Times and the Washington Post containing in the headline or lead paragraph the key words for psychic: "psychic" or "psychic medium" or "spirit medium" or "extrasensory perception," or "ESP," or the keywords for…
Conversion Fantasies
Just imagine the uproar we would hear if every time a Jew was featured in a Hollywood film or mini-series, he or she converted to Christianity by the end. Such a situation would be intolerable and widely denounced, and rightly so. Yet Hollywood does precisely the same thing to another minority…
Fiction where the skeptic is correct, especially in genre fiction like horror and weird fiction, is boring, trite, and virtually unsellable.
No one wants to read a engrossing story about ghosts, monsters, or what not then on the last page be pummeled over the head with a Sixth Sense twist executed rather poorly while at the same time ending a book with the equivalent of ". . . and it was only a dream."
Arguing that fiction doesn't portray specific groups of people accurately is lazy. Of course authors don't portray specific groups of people accurately. Hell, in weird fiction you expect the skeptic to be wrong because you, as the reader want the monster to be real. If it isn't then the reading such a story is futile.
I would rather you concentrate on "reality" shows on Discovery, TLC or the History channel that is marketed as real and accurate and treat skeptics, if they are even asked to be interviewed, poorly. Intellectual dishonesty in documentaries is something to "breathe fire" about and I suspect you could find dozens of examples from cable TV. Trying to make a point with a piece of fiction weakens your point. Not to mention you're using a genre that has a mainstay of exploring things that don't exist.
Oh and 1408 was first published in audio book format in 200.
By Paul Puglisi (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
This is why I never liked the X-files, though demographically I should have. Skeptic Scully was always wrong, while agent "Woo-woo" Mulder always turned out to be right about aliens or hobgoblins or black goo or whatever.
By andythebrit (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
Well, at least the movie isn't set in Room 1313...
By James Hrynyshyn (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
Like andythebrit, I hated X-Files because it encouraged credulousness, despite having gone through my late teens and early twenties while it wildly popular amongst teens and twentysomethings. To make matters worse, it seemed I was surrounded by people who were certain I should love it dearly, because it was 'science fiction' .
By llewelly (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
The early Scooby Doo cartoons were written with exactly that premise, and were quite popular.
I figure if an alien species landed on the White House lawn, to get directions to intelligent life, we would ask them why they had been spooking people for fifty years. The aliens would look at us and say, that they just got here.
In any case, it would be the skeptics of the world who will discover the aliens or that the paranormal is real, and will know what to do if we discover them. The UFO and psychic nuts will probably all run off a cliff somewhere in a panic.
But, the movie looks scary. Obviously if you are going to allow fantasy, and allow it to be in this time period, then it is inevitable that some characters might be skeptical. It is an old, old literary trick, to not believe, to set up the plot reversal at the end. I suspect however, that they will portray him as a skeptic who is just too damaged and hurt to "believe". That is what bothers me. Anyone, skeptic or believer, would freak in a room like 1408. (Just like anyone in law enforcement who got to work with a television version of a psychic detective, would be a believer too.)
By Chris (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
You've been tagged!
By Norman Doering (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
You're starting with the wrong premise. Movies like 1408 are not set in the real world, they're set in an alternate world where things like ghosts do exist. Thus the acceptance of the existence of ghosts makes sense. After years of misidentification and other false alarms the investigator finally encounters a ghost.
Also note that a skeptic is not someone who doesn't believe, a skeptic is one who doubts. A skeptic asks for evidence of a phenomenon that can then be tested and either verified or falsified. An atheist is not a skeptic, an agnostic is.
By Alan Kellogg (not verified) on 25 Jun 2007 #permalink
An atheist is not a skeptic, an agnostic is.
As has been extensively explained before, that is not how most atheists understand the word.
As Dawkins and others have said time and time again, atheists have asked for evidence, and most will accept if it is provided, it simply has not been provided at this time.
From what I remember of Scooby-Doo every plot was exactly the same... the monster always turned out to be some local property owner who wanted to scare people away from the (insert location here) and would have got away with it too, if it hadn't been for you meddling kids.
Two more fictional characters who are also rationalists (kinda):
Dr Who (At least the classic era, ie Jon Pertwee/Tom Baker). The Doctor could always outwit the Daleks or other intergalactic bad guys armed with a time machine, a sonic screwdriver and a very long scarf. And without violence, either.
Sherlock Holmes, the rationalists' rationalist. In Holmes' world, every supernatural mystery always had a rational explanation -- of course it was a big dog and a tin of luminous paint, not a supernatural hellhound.
Anyone have any more suggestions?
And Paul is the winner. You don't look to a ghost story for good science. And you especially don't look to a ghost story based on a Stephen King story to get good science. Remember, the first requirement of any reader or viewer of fiction is a willing suspension of disbelief. If you are interested in seeing 1408 (which, by the way, sums to 13 if you add the digits), you already know that it's about the supernatural. It's a GHOST STORY. And, by the way, the protagonist was not a skeptic, despite what the blurbs say. He was a lost, despairing man searching for reassurance that there is an afterlife. Different character type.
Paul is right: don't complain about fiction for dog's sake, complain about the absurd "reality" TV crap that passes for scientific examination of bad fiction posing as truth.
By Mark P (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
There's the CSI stable and all the other TV shows about various forensic specialities. At least they pay lip service to the scientific method even if the portrayal of science is a bit elastic. They also show it is possible to do drama about science which is stylish, cool and popular.
And any Brits here may aso remember a short-lived BBC series called Doomwatch which trod this path in the '70s. The special effects could be hilarious - heroes being 'attacked' by stuffed rats - but it was committed to the science, albeit from a skeptical perspective. But then that's what we're all about, right?
By Ian H Spedding FCD (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
There's nothing wrong with the supernatural genre per se; the problem is, as Chris points out, the constant use of the converted-skeptic trope. It's entirely possible to have a story in which the rules of the universe are consistent, but different, without introducing, for instance, Evil Carl Sagan. (Harry Potter does it, for crying out loud.) I remember World War Z as also dealing with the supernatural (though the zombie plague is caused by a virus, it apparently turns zombies into perpetual-motion machines) in a reasonably interesting way without relying on the converted skeptic. Can't wait for the movie.
I will defend Darin Morgan's X-File episodes, though, especially Jose Chung's "From Outer Space" and Humbug.
By grendelkhan (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
the sterotypical "skeptic" figure always seems to convert into a believer by the end. And why does this occur?
That's what bugged me about the kid's movie a few years ago "Polar Express". A boy is skeptical that Santa could exist and a magic train shows up to take him to the North Pole. The biggest irony to me is that the audience cheers as he regains faith in something the entire adult audience knows is false.
What lessons are we teaching our kids?
By Nathan Parker (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
You don't mention it in this post, but I have to disagree strongly with your contention in your column that Contact, either Carl Sagan's book or Robert Zemeckis' movie, is an example of a good way of dealing with a skeptical character's perspective.
To the contrary, the whole didactic point of Zemeckis' film version of Contact is to show how blind, heartless and denuded Ellie Arroway (Jodie Foster) is for failing to accept religious faith and belief in God. An hour after Arroway is denied a spot on a space flight because she's an atheist (discrimination that no one in the movie, besides her, has any problem with), the climax of the movie is the Congressional hearing scene, wherein Zemeckis turns the tables on Arroway and makes her the "victim" of a jerk (played by James Woods) haughtily swinging science, reason and Occam's Razor at her. (It's presented as her comeuppance for telling the hero, earlier on, that Occam's Razor presented problems for his theism.)
In the hearing, Arroway is offered the opportunity to say that she'd like people to take her story "on faith," but she refuses and therefore loses. In the end, an atheist gets what's coming to her; the whole point of the film is to do a direct hatchet job on religious skepticism.
Sagan's novel is not quite as bad--but still, read the very last page of that book and tell me that Sagan wasn't guilty of the very sin you complain of here.
By Rieux (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
I used to love horror movies as a kid and they inspired in me fear of the dark, mirrors, closets, strange noises, shadows, etc, but after becoming more skeptical I found they no longer held any appeal. Even simple scares like somebody jumping out at you build on a sense of anticipation which in turn requires you to accept the premise of the movie. Suspension of disbelief only goes so far; if old houses and deep shadows no longer fill you with dread you can't build the anxiety necessary to find an emaciated goth teenager crawling on the ceiling anything less than hilarious.
I'm sure most horror fans and, unfortunately, most people generally are willing to entertain the existence of the supernatural. Without that I suspect they'd find most supernatural horror as tedious and cliché-ridden as I do. There's other genres of horror that contain supernatural elements that this doesn't apply to, of course; slasher flicks are more about imaginative "kills" than frightening you. And most modern horror movies seem to be more interested in making you wonder WTF is wrong with the writer/director than anything else. But I'd argue that acceptance of the supernatural is, generally, part of the appeal of horror for most people.
By poke (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
I object to the literalism of contemporary movies about the supernatural, not so much because they promote superstition but because the presentation of ghosts or angels as mere facts destroys the artistic effect. A good part of the pleasure of classic fantastic fiction is the way in which the reality/unreality of the mystery is never, ever resolved. Am I mad or has Sophie returned from the grave? We can never know because if we find out, the game is over.
Come to think of it, the same convention that creates the effect the critic Todorov called the Fantastic is pretty much the same mechanism that produces religion itself, which would be destroyed if God became a literal and therefore natural fact, albeit a surprising one. Some of the anxiety of traditional believers about contemporary cults such as the Scientology and the L.D.S. amounts to the complaint that they turn theology into science fiction and thus violate genre rules that ought to be held sacred.
By Jim Harrison (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
Hi, Chris. I'm an admirer of your work. I posted this over at PZ's and will leave this here as well:
The problem with a skeptical/debunking sort of outcome in a drama is one of sympathy. People have to care about the characters in order to become emotionally invested in a drama, and contemporary audiences are unlikely to care about people that they perceive as foolish or tragic, Shakespeare be damned. There is a marked preference for characters who may be human, may be fallible, but predictably have some degree of growth, some triumph over their circumstances and their weaknesses.
Now, if you have a protagonist who believes 'X', and belief in 'X' is the substance of the drama, then the failure of 'X' to be sustained could only make the protagonist a foolish or tragic figure.
If, on the other hand, the antagonist is the one promoting 'X', then the protagonist can be heroic at the expense of the antagonist (and hence, toward the debunking of 'X'). But once you switch the promotion/debunking of 'X' from protagonist to antagonist the moral question of conversion, of what to believe, no longer becomes the central point of the drama. The audience just knows, somehow, that the protagonist will end up being right, despite the evidence, and the drama lies not in whether they will be vindicated, but in how vindication will be achieved.
More at: Monkey Trials
By Scott Hatfield (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
It was, sort of: 1 + 4 + 0 + 8 = 13
By rpsms (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
But didn't they have a talking dog in them?
By Brother Dave T… (not verified) on 27 Jun 2007 #permalink
A little off-topic, but I always thought Stephen King really undermined himself in books like The Shining by bringing in the supernatural when human failings, madness, whatever, could just as well have explained it. I remember liking The Shining (the book, I'm talking) despite some of the supernatural scenes--because they could have been just a form of madness or whatever--but becoming completely disgusted when the freakin' topiary came alive! Wow, that just ruined, ruined, ruined it for me. He does this over and over, and people love it apparently, but it's a big turn-off for me. At his best he's a wonderful writer, but he is not at his best quite often enough, and part of that, for me, is turning to the supernatural when human actions are every bit as creepy, if not creepier.
By kris (not verified) on 28 Jun 2007 #permalink
[i]But didn't they have a talking dog in them?[/i]
Debatable. The show was set in the 70s.
By Max Deltree (not verified) on 28 Jun 2007 #permalink
Study: X-Rays surrounding 'Magnificent 7' may be traces of sought-after particle
George Will Op-Ed Second Most Viewed Article at Washington Post.com
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Q: Is it possible to make pattern matching lazy in Idris? In Haskell we can do the following without getting a runtime error (ref):
mytake  0     _           =  []
mytake  _     []          =  []
mytake  n     (x:xs)      =  x : mytake (n-1) xs

print( mytake 0 (undefined::[Int]) )

In Idris, we can do a similar definition, but the behavior is different:
mytake : Integer -> List a -> List a
mytake  0     _           =  []
mytake  _     []          =  []
mytake  n     (x::xs)      =  x :: mytake (n-1) xs

printLn( mytake {a = Nat} 0 ?undefined )

In this case we get ABORT: Attempt to evaluate hole Main.undefined. I know Idris is not a lazy language, but my impression was that pattern matching parameters might be separate from the logic for evaluation of data structures (which can be sidestepped in Idris, e.g. with Stream).
In addition to understanding if there is a way around this, I'd also appreciate knowing why Idris behaves in this way.

A: Well, if I understand right , this could work
module Main

mytake : Integer -> Lazy (List a) -> List a
mytake  0     _          = []
mytake  _     []         = []
mytake  n     (x::xs)    = x :: mytake (n-1) xs

main : IO ()
main = printLn (mytake {a = Nat} 0 ?undefined)

But it gives me strange error while compiling
andrey@linux:~/idris> idris -o test test.idr
idris: src/Idris/Core/CaseTree.hs:(645,1)-(654,51): Non-exhaustive patterns in function varRule

Answering to the second part of your question:
This is mostly because of eager evaluation is more predictable. This quesion is in an unofficial FAQ
https://github.com/idris-lang/Idris-dev/wiki/Unofficial-FAQ#why-isnt-idris-lazy

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PlayStation 3 PS3 News
Resident Evil 6 Free Update: Camera, Ada Wong, And No Hope
October 24, 2012 Ben-Dutka — 9 Comments
Free is always good, especially when it makes a particular game a little better.
Capcom has announced a new free update for Resident Evil 6 , which should be coming in December. This update fixes a few small issues and tosses in several new features that should make the overall experience a bit more robust.
You will be given the option to adjust the camera so your field of view is bigger; there will be a minimum and maximum range, and the maximum range should be of great help in certain situations. Ada Wong's campaign will be unlocked at the start and there will be the option of having a player-controlled co-op partner, too. As of now, you have to complete the campaigns for all three characters if you want to unlock Ada's story arc. Lastly, the No Hope difficulty level will be added; you've probably heard of this before. If you desire a wicked test, this is definitely for you.
Contrary to some popular opinion, we didn't think the game was too bad in the first place. It just has a bit of an identity crisis, that's all. Beyond that, it's pretty damn fun.
Related Game(s): Resident Evil 6
Tagged with: capcom re6 re6 update resident evil 6 resident evil 6 update
Oxvial
Camera fixed? okay now I may get it.
WorldEndsWithMe
I might nab it if there's a killer cyber monday sale.
"You will be given the option to adjust the camera so your field of view is bigger; there will be a minimum and maximum range" .
Great news , just wish it sooner as a day 1 dlc tho . Would have made the game so much better .You can be sure i ll at least replay Leon campaign .
Anyway , at least it will be there for future dlc .
ValentinoGB
Wasn't No Hope difficulty one of the recent findings on the game disk already? So basically there giving gamers an update that should've been free right from the getgo?
Maybe it was nt finish and they still had to balance it?
No matter the reason we get it free so …
daus26
Again with the unfinished situations. If this generation keeps up, we'll be buying betas instead of finished games.
Dancemachine55
At least the patch will be out before Christmas, so good news for the folks receiving this game as a Chrissy present.
Bonampak
"Ada Wong's campaign will be unlocked at the start"
This obviously catering to mainstream/casual gamer needs. And who complained that they had to beat 3 campaigns to unlock it.
The producers of the game did say that they worried that many would not beat RE6 in its entirety. So this "fixes" that up for those not willing to make the effort.
"Contrary to some popular opinion, we didn't think the game was too bad in the first place. It just has a bit of an identity crisis, that's all. Beyond that, it's pretty damn fun."
The QTE's still suck monkey balls, though. But I guess some get used to them. You have to, since we did spent $60 dlls on it after all.
Playing it like old RE games, this one fails. Since the pacing in campaign mode is still bad. No scares and its waaay too scripted. What saves the game is Mercenaries AND CO-OP.
Ada's campaign doesn't really need co-op.
Sniper Ghost Warrior Franchise Surpasses 11 Mil Units Sold
Mass Effect Legendary Edition Seems To Launch In March
Recent Trademarks Point To Possible Final Fantasy VII Remake DLC

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By Therese Odell on August 11, 2014 at 9:53 AM
YES, ARRESTED DEVELOPMENT IS RETURNING! HOORAY! But it won't be for a while. BOO.
HEY, SOMEONE CAST GEENA DAVIS IN SOMETHING! Related: Grey's Anatomy is still a thing!
NEARLY A MILLION PEOPLE WATCHED THE OUTLANDER PREMIERE ONLINE. And if you were one of them, you should read Whitney's recap.
HERE ARE SOME MORE RUMORS ABOUT THE VIEW CAST, if you're interested in that sort of thing.
NO ONE TELL LINDSAY LOHAN LIFETIME IS MAKING THIS MARILYN MONROE MOVIE. Shhhhh!
AMAZON'S NEW PILOTS SOUND PRETTY GOOD. Here's a list of the shows that will debut on August 28th.
R.I.P. CHARLES KEATING.
HERE'S THE FIRST BETTER CALL SAUL TEASER:
The Bachelor in Paradise: What is UP with that crazy Michelle K. lady? No, but seriously, what is her actual deal? (Yes, I'm getting to last week's episode, hold your horses.) 7 p.m., ABC
Late Night: Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon: Katie Holmes; Chris Hardwick; OneRepublic Late Night with Seth Meyers: Jeff Bridges; Riki Lindhome; Kate Micucci; Strand of Oaks Conan: Will Arnett; Anna Camp; Benjamin Booker Watch What Happens Live: Derek Hough and Tyra Banks
MON. 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30
ABC Bachelor in Paradise
(new) Mistresses
(new)
CBS 2 Broke Girls
(repeat) Mom
(repeat) Mike & Molly
(repeat) Two and a Half Men
(repeat) Under the Dome
CW Whose Line is it Anyway?
(new) Whose Line is it Anyway?
(repeat) Arrow
(new) Local
FOX MasterChef
(new) Hotel Hell
(new) News/Local
NBC Running Wild with Bear Grylls
(new) American Ninja Warrior
Therese Odell


Mammon of the Dire Wolves is too good of a soldier to go against orders. But obsession has a way of breaking you down, and even a shifter as disciplined as he has trouble going with the grain when there's a fated connection dragging him the other way. Too bad that connection is to a woman he sees as his enemy.
Charmeine was brought up in luxury and wealth as the ward of a shifter businessman, even if that business wasn't quite the legal kind. Money can't stop hate, though, a fact proven by a ruthless band of shifters intent on destroying her family. Years of fighting--and losing--means she doesn't trust strangers, especially not the one on the wrong side of the war the fates decided to tie her to.
One soldier breaking rules and ignoring orders, one princess dead set against falling for the enemy, and a group of killers with a single-minded focus on ending them both. For Dire Wolves, following a direct order from their leader should be as simple as breathing. But a single glance makes simple the harder choice and forces Mammon to risk his brotherhood to protect the mate he hates to love.


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In 1994 a young poet from rural Bangladesh plunged the country into a wave of general strikes and mass protest. Her crime: to write her thoughts about how religious fundamentalism has consigned women to a secondary role in modern society. For her outspokenness, the nation's religious leaders issued a fatwa against her, literally putting a price on her head. This is the story of Taslima Nasrin, now living in exile in Sweden, and how she continues to rail against the forces of oppression despite attempts to silence her.
(2002, 26 mins) A Film Australia National Interest Program in association with Mask Productions. Produced and developed with the assistance of ScreenWest and the Lotteries Commission of Western Australia. Produced in association with SBS Independent.
© National Film and Sound Archive of Australia.
Fearless - Stories from Asian Women: series (3-Day Rental)
Fearless - Stories from Asian Women: Explosive Devices (3-Day Rental)
Fearless - Stories from Asian Women: Price of Freedom (1-Year Access)
Fearless - Stories from Asian Women: Breaking the Caste (3-Day Rental)
Fearless - Stories from Asian Women: Heart on the Sleeve (3-Day Rental)


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Název Anthology (Antologie) může být:
Hudební album
Anthology (album, Alan Parsons Project) skupiny Alan Parsons Project
Anthology (album, Asia) skupiny Asia
The Beatles Anthology mapující historii The Beatles
Anthology (album, Bruce Dickinson) Bruce Dickinsona
Anthology (album, Jackson 5) skupiny Jackson 5
Anthology (album, Michael Jackson) od Michaela Jacksona
Anthology (album, Obituary) skupiny Obituary
Anthologie (Tous Leurs Tubes) skupiny Scooter
Anthology (album, UFO) skupiny UFO
Anthology (album, Uriah Heep) skupiny Uriah Heep
Anthology (album, Oingo Boingo) skupiny Oingo Boingo
… a další
Hudební skupina
 Anthology (hudební skupina) – slovenská hudební skupina

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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September 29, 2022 By Paula Pant
#404: How I Paid Off $500,000 in Credit Card Debt, then launched a company with $35 million in revenue, with Rand Fishkin
When Rand Fishkin was 25 years old, he carried $500,000 in credit card debt.
Less than a decade later, Rand was the Founder and CEO of a company that grossed $35 million in annual revenue.
In this podcast episode, Rand shares the story of hitting his financial rock-bottom and making the ultimate comeback.
#403: How I Reached Financial Independence, with Chad Carson
Chad Carson's friends called him a "nerdjock."
When former college football linebacker Chad Carson graduated from Clemson University, he decided to start a business. But he didn't have any money.
He was a 235-pound athlete who attended college on a football scholarship. He graduated debt-free with $1,000 in savings from various odd jobs. He wanted to become an entrepreneur, and he knew he was starting from zero.
As Chad viewed it, starting from zero meant he had nothing to lose.
He started jogging around local neighborhoods near the university. Whenever he noticed a property in disrepair, he'd ask if it was for sale.
If he noticed a 'For Sale by Owner' sign in the yard, for example, he'd dial the number.
If he noticed a home with an overgrown lawn and no curtains in the windows, he'd leave a note on the door, or he'd knock on the neighbor's doors to get the owner's phone number.
By doing this, Chad started a real estate wholesaling business. He'd find off-market properties, enter into a sales contract with the owner, and then 'flip' the contract to an investor. He earned around $5,000 for each deal.
The benefit to a wholesaling business, Chad discovered, is that he could get a foothold inside the real estate industry without much access to capital. He was a recent college graduate without any official employment, so most banks weren't interested in offering him loans. Wholesaling gave him a start in the industry.
But after awhile, he wanted to chase bigger deals. He and a business partner decided to start flipping houses themselves. They earned profits of around $20,000 to $30,000 for each deal.
While this was great, Chad wanted to transition into something that would provide a steady, stable income stream. He was running an active business; he wasn't accumulating a portfolio of passive investments.
He and his business partner stopped flipping homes and began accumulating buy-and-hold rental properties. Today they have 90 units between the two of them.
A few years ago, Chad realized that the passive income from his investments made him financially independent. He and his wife decided to enjoy their newfound freedom by moving to Ecuador with their two children, ages 3 and 5.
They spent 17 months living in Ecuador, learning Spanish and enjoying a slower pace of life. They recently returned to the U.S. and are considering moving to either Spain or Germany — or maybe Colorado? — for their next adventure.
In today's episode, Chad and I discuss real estate, financial independence, and international travel with children.
September 29, 2021 By Alyssa M
#340: How to Make $1 Million in Business with No Employees, with Elaine Pofeldt
You start a side hustle. Maybe you sell planners or lead workouts in the park.
You make a few thousand dollars during your first year. It's fun beer money, but not enough to quit your day job.
But you keep growing. You run this as a one-person operation, though you bring on freelancers or independent contractors.
Your revenue grows into the five figures. Then six figures. After a few years, you're running a one-person, million dollar company.
This sounds like a pipe dream, right?
But it's the true story of Laszlo Nadler, who created a line of planners and calendars. It's the true story of Stacy Berman, who started leading 5:30 AM fitness bootcamp classes in the park.
And it's the true story of hundreds of other solopreneurs interviewed by business journalist Elaine Pofeldt, who took a deep-dive look at the lives and businesses of entrepreneurs who run companies that gross more than $1 million, but have no employees.
In today's episode, we take an inside look at the secrets behind one-person, million-dollar businesses.
If you've ever considered starting a side hustle or business of your own, don't miss this.
This episode originally aired in March 2019.
December 7, 2020 By Erin @ Team Afford Anything
#289: Business Principles that Improve Your Life, with Josh Kaufman
Wish you could get a crash course in business administration, without the expensive price tag?
Want to know how you can provide more value in your current job to increase your chances of a promotion or raise?
Are you exploring the possibility of turning your side hustle into a full-time business, but have no idea where to start?
Today, Josh Kaufman, bestselling author of The Personal MBA, joins us on the show to discuss all three of these situations and much more.
In Josh's words, "I think in general, business as a domain of knowledge is one of those things that once you learn it…it can help you in all sorts of different areas, even outside of business." Regardless of whether you're a teacher, graphic designer, entrepreneur, junior level employee, or manager, becoming familiar with business basics can change your perspective on work and the part you can play in your role.
November 30, 2020 By Paula Pant
#287: Put Yourself on the Hook, with Seth Godin
"Confidence is a trap."
"Personal narrative is another trap; it was invented by the social media people to turn well-rounded, comfortable people into balls of insecurity."
"Authentic is a ridiculous concept, and it's a trap, and no one wants you to be authentic. They want you to be consistent."
Prolific thinker and writer Seth Godin, arguably the most famous modern author in the field of marketing and storytelling, shares these insights in today's conversation.
Seth Godin is famous for his ideas. He's written 19 bestselling books on mastery, creativity, business and marketing. His books have been translated into 35 languages, and one of his books was the top bestselling marketing book of the last decade. He's an inductee to the Marketing Hall of Fame (yes, it exists).
He joins us today to talk about creativity, choice, the importance of practice, and how to overcome your self-imposed limitations.
October 29, 2020 By Erin @ Team Afford Anything
#282: The Smart Way to Start a Side Hustle, with Alan Donegan
Has the economic uncertainty of 2020 caused you to think about creating your own stream of income?
Has the turmoil of 2020 also caused you to feel so overwhelmed you've bought a plot of sand in which you bury your head on a daily basis?
We get it. It's normal to feel paralyzed by everything you need to do before you get your side hustle off the ground. But you don't have to take the complicated route. There's another way.
Today's guest, Alan Donegan, is the cofounder of PopUp Business School. It has helped over 7,000 people in six countries start their own companies. The best thing is, Alan teaches others how to quickly – and affordably – start businesses. There's no fluff, just action.
In this episode, Alan shares the simple advice and steps to take to give your side hustle a whirl. Within a month, you'll know if your idea is viable or not, and all it takes is a few hours over the course of a week.
June 15, 2020 By Paula Pant
#261: Why I Quit My Job in the Middle of a Recession — Interview from Lessons from a Quitter
We're in an economic collapse.
We have the highest unemployment since the Great Depression.
There are many more people who want jobs than there are jobs available.
Yet, you want to quit your job.
Maybe you planned to change careers this year, maybe you wanted to take a sabbatical, or maybe you wanted to retire early.
Regardless of your plans, you might feel as though this recession ripped them to shreds and blew them out the window.
But…what if you could still make your plans work?
What?! Quitting your job at the beginning of a recession is INSANE, isn't it?
Maybe. Maybe not.
You're kidding. Right? …Right?? Isn't that equivalent to career suicide?
Nope. It worked for me.
Since we're in the middle of another recession and many of you want to voluntarily leave your job at some point in the future, I'm re-airing an interview I did on Lessons From a Quitter two years ago. The host, Goli, interviewed me about quitting my job at the beginning of a recession.
June 5, 2020 By Erin @ Team Afford Anything
#259: How to Lead with a Vision, with Michael Hyatt
We're bombarded by articles and books and social media posts that tell us that a "vision" for life and work is essential.
But what is a vision?
Is it a fluffy, pie-in-the-sky, feel-good statement that elicits warm-and-fuzzy feelings?
Is it the result of a week-long retreat spent in deep reflection?
Is it a board full of a zillion post-it notes with color-coordinated topics?
Not according to our guest, Michael Hyatt, a New York Times and Wall Street Journal best-selling author on the topics of leadership and business.
April 16, 2020 By Erin @ Team Afford Anything
PSA Thursday: 31 Tips to Stay Productive As You Work From Home
Welcome back to PSA Thursday, a weekly segment in which we talk about how to handle money, work, and life in the middle of a pandemic.
Today's focus is work. Specifically, working from home, and how to stay focused and productive throughout your day.
Getting thrown into working from home when all you've known is the office life can be hard. Especially when there are added distractions involved that you don't have to deal with at the office, like your kids, a pile of dishes, or your gloriously-stocked refrigerator.
How can you manage the expectations of both your colleagues and the people you live with? How can you find a routine when you feel like you're being pulled in a million different directions? How can you ensure your kids are taken care of and your boss/manager/client is happy?
Listen to the episode to discover the 31 tips we recommend for staying productive as you work from home.
#251: From High School Dropout to Successful Entrepreneur, Author and World Traveler — with Chris Guillebeau
Do you love the idea of making money on your own — without a boss?
Can you imagine deciding how you spend each day?
Are you bored and looking for a challenge? Do you love the thought of adventure?
Today's guest, Chris Guillebeau, knows all about hustling, living an unconventional life, working towards seemingly impossible goals, and combining his interests into an epic lifestyle business that brings him freedom and joy.


The gilets jaunes (yellow vests) movement in France started last year in response to rising taxes on petrol and diesel, which were proposed by the government in a bid to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and promote renewables. Petrol and diesel affect a large section of the population in France that resides outside of its major cities. Similarly, Bharat Bandh was organised in September 2018 by the opposition parties with rising fuel prices on its agenda. What these two events show is that, be it a developed country like France or a developing one like India, fossil fuels at large are still very important despite the push towards renewables. While petrol and diesel prices impact consumers directly, India is plagued by concerns around another fossil fuel, i.e. coal.
The government's regulatory push towards renewable energy is loud and clear in the form of targeted subsidies and incentive mechanisms in place to promote renewables. The government targets to increase the renewable capacity to 175GW in FY22 and 275GW in FY27 from the current 70GW. In terms of electricity generation, this translates into a target of increasing share of renewables in power generation from the current 8%, to 19% in FY22 and 23% in FY27. However, coal helps meet around 45% of India's energy needs. Power sector is the single major consumer of coal, and 79% of our electricity generation is accounted for by fossil fuels, primarily coal. The intermittent and unreliable nature of renewable power makes it a complementary, and not a primary source of electricity. Unlike coal, renewables cannot serve the base-load demand.
Even though coal minister Piyush Goyal claims no shortage of coal in the country, the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) reports that seven thermal power plants (9,202MW of generation capacity) had either critical or supercritical coal stocks as on January 21. Despite India being the fourth-largest producer of coal in the world, the country has been importing almost 200 million tonnes of coal every year since FY15, of which non-coking coal imports are almost 80%. Non-coking coal imports in the last five fiscal years averaged 154.6 million tonnes, as compared to 62.3 million tonnes in the preceding five years. Non-coking coal is used primarily for power generation, whereas coking coal is primarily used in the production of steel.
The supply of coal has been plagued by below-target production by Coal India Ltd (CIL) and the shortage of railway infrastructure for transportation of coal. Over the years, it has become far too common for our power plants to reach critical levels of coal stocks. The factors inhibiting coal production in India are deep-rooted, including delays in land acquisition, and environment and forest clearances. Most of the clearances and acquisitions are done at the state level by multiple authorities before they reach the Centre for clearance, which is a time-consuming process. The average amount of time to get a mining lease in India is 5-6 years, compared to 1-2 years in Canada and Australia due to a single-window clearance mechanism. Limited availability of rakes is another perennial issue that constrains coal transport from pitheads to consumers.
The shortage of coal has also hit the industry hard. Industry accounts for nearly 40% of the power demand in India. Non-power sector industries (such as steel, cement, aluminium) usually set up captive power plants (CPPs) to secure steady and uninterrupted power that is not available from the grid, and 60% of all CPPs in India currently are coal-based and they fall under the non-power sector. Coal supply to CPPs has not kept pace with the demand since the last three fiscal years, and this fiscal is no better. The government's move to prioritise availability of coal for the power sector has led to shortage of coal for non-power sector industries. In terms of rake allocation, too, the non-power sector has been at a disadvantage. Industry estimates suggest that in the last one year less than 10% of the rakes have been allotted to the non-power sector. At least 20% of the CIL rake dispatches need to be allocated to the non-power sector, so as to enable them to work normally. Further, the PSU non-power sector gets preference over the private sector. The cumulative rake backlog for the non-power sector has only been increasing every month. Yes, coal can be transported via road, too, but transportation of coal via road has its own challenges. Every rake that goes on to a road translates into 200 trucks of 10 meters each. Transporting coal by road is also costlier and will only further add to pollution and emissions.
Last month, CIL decided to allocate 25% of its planned production to the non-power sector. Assuming CIL's production at 680 million tonnes, the non-power sector would get around 170 million tonnes of coal. This is insufficient to meet the demand by the non-power sector for domestic coal, which is around 223 million tonnes, as mentioned by the Coal Controller. CIL has been missing its production target year after year. It has also pushed back its target of 1 billion tonnes by a couple of years, originally planned for FY20. Under such circumstances, the only alternative with the non-power sector is to either import coal or operate below the optimal level—and this alters the entire economics of the business. In addition, transportation of imported coal too remains constrained by poor availability of rakes.
India's electricity intensity of GDP is rising (10.7GWh per Rs 1 billion of GDP during FY13-17 from 9.9GWh in the preceding five years). This is bound to rise as India electrifies more and more of its households, income levels increase, and people move to urban areas. Under the Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, launched in September 2017, electrification has picked up steam. Since October 2017, over 2 crore households have been electrified, leaving only 6.5 lakh households left to be electrified. Many surveys on the real effectiveness of the scheme have found the power supply to be substandard, with frequent cuts and fluctuating voltage. The government has promised uninterrupted power supply by end-March 2019.
News reports suggest that CEA has identified new potential sites for thermal power plants. CEA officials have mentioned that new coal-based generation capacity is essential for increased base-load demand and grid stabilisation. The push towards electrification cannot be achieved without coal. Additionally, industrial demand for power and coal will also increase as the economic activity grows. Bear in mind that the non-power industries currently deprived of coal are also our core industries. Power consumption by industrial user has already slowed down in the last couple of years due to industrial sector slowdown. Power shortage will only add fuel to fire. Despite the emphasis on renewables, coal remains critical for electricity generation. There is a dire need for the various government departments—including CIL and Indian Railways—to address the issue of coal availability in the country. For now, coal will need to keep burning.


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Did The Jets Ever Play On Thanksgiving
The Jets have played eight times on Thanksgiving in the past. They are an even 4-4 in those games. Below we will take a look at them. The American Football League played games on Thanksgiving, and the Jets played on Turkey Day in each their first three years of existence.
The Jets may not be playing on Thankgiving this year, but they have a robust history of Thanksgiving games. The Jets haven't played on Thanksgiving since 2012, a game that will live in infamy.
Here are the number of appearances for all NFL teams on Thanksgiving, including the games in 2021. Note: The only team that has never played on Thanksgiving is the Jacksonville Jaguars.
Since 2006, a third prime time game has also been played on Thanksgiving. Unlike the afternoon games, this game has no fixed host and features different teams annually, with the Buffalo Bills (always as the away team) and New Orleans Saints having made semi-regular appearances on Thanksgiving since 2018.
When did the Jets play on Thanksgiving?
Which NFL team never plays on Thanksgiving?
NFL teams Thanksgiving game appearances Here are the number of appearances for all NFL teams on Thanksgiving, including the games in 2021. Note: The only team that has never played on Thanksgiving is the Jacksonville Jaguars.
Has every NFL team played on Thanksgiving?
The Detroit Lions have played at home on Thanksgiving every year since 1934 — except when games were paused from 1939 to 1944 during World War II. The annual holiday tradition expanded to add a home game for the Dallas Cowboys in the 1960s. These franchises — and their fans — only know football on Thanksgiving.
What NFL team is playing on Thanksgiving Day since 1934?
Beginning in 1966, Dallas has missed playing on the holiday only in 1975 and 1977. However, when it comes to Thanksgiving Day football, NFL style, most fans first think of the Lions and the tradition that was started in 1934.
Did the Jets ever play on Thanksgiving?
The last time the New England Patriots played on Thanksgiving, they made history. Well, the Jets and Mark Sanchez did. It's been nine years since the Pats played on the biggest football holiday of the year, but the memories of the butt fumble game endure.
Which NFL teams historically play on Thanksgiving?
Why the Cowboys and Lions always play on Thanksgiving Day, NFL teams' records on the holiday. Since the beginning of time, okay maybe not that long ago, but since very early on in National Football League history, fans have been able to watch the Dallas Cowboys and Detroit Lions on Thanksgiving Day.
What year did the NFL start playing on Thanksgiving?
The concept of American football games being played on Thanksgiving Day dates back to 1876, shortly after the game had been invented, as it was a day that most people had off from work. In that year, the college football teams at Yale and Princeton began an annual tradition of playing each other on Thanksgiving Day.
Who played on Thanksgiving 2008?
Thanksgiving Day game results In 2008, quarterback Tony Romo (right) led the Dallas Cowboys to a convincing 34-9 win over the Seattle Seahawks by throwing for 331 yards and 3 TDs.
Has any NFL team never played Thanksgiving?
The Jacksonville Jaguars are the only NFL team to have never played on Thanksgiving.
Which NFL football team does not play on Thanksgiving every season?
Beginning in 1966, Dallas has missed playing on the holiday only in 1975 and 1977. However, when it comes to Thanksgiving Day football, NFL style, most fans first think of the Lions and the tradition that was started in 1934. It was their first year in Detroit after a local radio executive, George A.
Do certain NFL teams always play on Thanksgiving?
The Chicago Bears and Green Bay Packers are both frequent participants in the Thanksgiving tradition, though only the Bears are playing this year. Whether you're a fan of the Thanksgiving teams or not, nothing beats finishing up your plate, kicking back and getting to watch a decades-old Thanksgiving tradition.
What NFL teams play on Thanksgiving Day every year?
The NFL's Thanksgiving Day games have traditionally included one game hosted by the Detroit Lions since 1934, and one game hosted by the Dallas Cowboys since 1966 (with two exceptions in 1975 and 1977). Since 2006, a third prime time game has also been played on Thanksgiving.
Which NFL team has never played on Thanksgiving?
Has every team played on Thanksgiving?
Well, almost as old as time. The Detroit Lions have played at home on Thanksgiving every year since 1934 — except when games were paused from 1939 to 1944 during World War II. The annual holiday tradition expanded to add a home game for the Dallas Cowboys in the 1960s.
Do the same NFL teams play every Thanksgiving?
Since 1978, the Lions and Cowboys have hosted a game on Thanksgiving every year. Detroit always plays the early game, followed by Dallas in the late afternoon and a rotating prime-time matchup added in 2006.
What are the two NFL teams that always play on Thanksgiving?
What football teams always play on Thanksgiving? The Lions and the Cowboys have both played on Thanksgiving for 44 consecutive years, but the Lions' tradition dates back much further than that of the Cowboys.
More Answers On Did The Jets Ever Play On Thanksgiving
A history of New York Jets' Football on Thanksgiving Day
The Jets haven't played on Thanksgiving since 2012, a game that will live in infamy. The only player left on the roster from that game is Bilal Powell. The Jets Thanksgiving history is a mixed bag, but it hasn't been good recently. Most Jets fans likely want to forget their most recent Thanksgiving game ever happened, but we'll get to that.
A look back at the Jets' 8 Thanksgiving games – Jets Wire
The results have been mixed, as the Jets are 4-4 in Thanksgiving games. … Jets CB D.J. Reed is excited to play with Ahmad Gardner in 2022. Read the full article . More Jets news and notes.
Has Every Active NFL Team Played on Thanksgiving?
The Carolina Panthers played their first Thanksgiving Day game in 2015 when they crushed the Dallas Cowboys 33-14. The Cincinnati Bengals got their first taste of Turkey Day football in 2010 when they traveled to the New York Jets only to lose 26-10. In 2012, the Houston Texans played their first Thanksgiving Day game.
NFL on Thanksgiving Day – Wikipedia
History. The concept of American football games being played on Thanksgiving Day dates back to 1876, shortly after the game had been invented, as it was a day that most people had off from work. In that year, the college football teams at Yale and Princeton began an annual tradition of playing each other on Thanksgiving Day. The University of Michigan also made it a tradition to play annual …
Did The Jets Ever Play On Thanksgiving? [Comprehensive Answer]
Did the jets ever play on thanksgiving? Looking for an answer to the question: Did the jets ever play on thanksgiving? On this page, we have gathered for you the most accurate and comprehensive information that will fully answer the question: Did the jets ever play on thanksgiving? The NFL's Thanksgiving Day games have traditionally included one game hosted by the Detroit Lions since 1934, and …
A brief history of the Patriots in Thanksgiving games
The last time the New England Patriots played on Thanksgiving, they made history. Well, the Jets and Mark Sanchez did. … At this point in the dynasty, people were wondering if Brady and Belichick would ever get that elusive fourth Super Bowl title. But there was no doubt about Brady's pure greatness, nor was there doubt about the Jets …
History of the New York Jets – Wikipedia
The history of the New York Jets American football team began in 1959 with the founding of the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); they began actual play the following year. The team had little success in its early years. After playing three seasons at the Polo Grounds, the team changed its name to the New York Jets, and moved into newly built Shea …
Bengals lost their only Thanksgiving game – Cincy Jungle
The Jets scored two touchdowns in the third quarter and then Carson Palmer took a fourth-quarter sack in the endzone. … Did you know that the Cincinnati Bengals once played a Thanksgiving game …
A History of Football on Thanksgiving – Culture Trip
The first professional football games on Thanksgiving were played November 25, 1920. No games were played on the holiday from 1941-44 because of World War II. In the NFL, the Detroit Lions and Dallas Cowboys have been Thanksgiving staples. The Lions began playing on the day because owner GA Richards wanted to get more fans in the stands.
Here's why the Cowboys always play on Thanksgiving, explained
The Cowboys have played on Thanksgiving every year since except two. In 1975 and 1977, the NFL awarded Thanksgiving games to the St. Louis Cardinals instead in an attempt to boost that franchise's …
Why the Cowboys and Lions always play on Thanksgiving Day, NFL teams …
The only seasons the Lions did not play on Thanksgiving were from 1939 to 1944, when the world was engulfed in World War II. … 49-19 win over New York Jets in 2012; New Orleans Saints, 3-0 all …
Thanksgiving Day Games – Pro Football Hall of Fame
In 1941, Thanksgiving was sanctioned by Congress to be celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November which it has been ever since. Nov. 22, 1945. Cleveland Rams 28, DETROIT LIONS 21. Nov. 28, 1946. Boston Yanks 34, DETROIT LIONS 10.
Dolphins history of playing on Thanksgiving Day
The Dolphins second ever appearance on Thanksgiving was also successful as they blew out the Cardinals 55-14. Miami Dolphins vs. Dallas Cowboys, Nov. 25, 1993. After 1977, the Dolphins wouldn't play again on Thanksgiving for 16 years when the traveled to Dallas to take on the Cowboys.
5 times the New England Patriots have played on Thanksgiving – Pats Pulpit
The Patriots did not allow a touchdown and recorded their first Thanksgiving win with a final score of 20-12. 2010 After a seven-year hiatus, New England returned to Thanksgiving.
The History Of Football Games Held On Thanksgiving [Guide]
While other teams besides the Lions and Cowboys played on Thanksgiving between 1920 … Randy Moss. He caught three outstanding touchdowns over 50 yards, resulting in the most badass stat line ever: 3 catches, 3 touchdowns, and 163 yards. 2012 – Butt Fumble. The Jets played the Patriots in the 2012 Thanksgiving showdown, and the infamous butt …
History of Bills Thanksgiving Day games – Buffalo Bills
The Lions scored on a flea flicker on the second play of the game as Detroit handed the Bills their 4th straight road loss, 35-21 on Thanksgiving Day. RB Barry Sanders put the Lions up 14-0 early …
Steelers Thanksgiving History
The Steelers first played on Thanksgiving way back on November 23, 1939, losing a close game to the Philadelphia Eagles, 17-14. The following year, the Steelers and Eagles met again on Thanksgiving, with the Eagles winning 7-0 on a late fourth quarter touchdown. Pittsburgh secured its first and only Thanksgiving Day victory on November 23, 1950 …
NFL Thanksgiving Day games history – Why the Lions and Cowboys play …
The Detroit Lions have played at home on Thanksgiving every year since 1934 — except when games were paused from 1939 to 1944 during World War II. The annual holiday tradition expanded to add a …
A look at Giants' Thanksgiving history – nj
The all-time record: The Giants' all-time record on Thanksgiving Day is 7-4-3, but they are 1-2 in the Super Bowl era. All 14 of their Thanksgiving games (as well as Thursday's contest) were …
7 Unforgettable Thanksgiving Day NFL Games – HISTORY
Here are seven of the most unforgettable NFL games played on Thanksgiving: 1. Ernie Nevers Scores All 40 Points for Chicago Cardinals. GAME: Chicago Cardinals 40, Chicago Bears 6 (November 29 …
Why do the Cowboys, Lions always play on Thanksgiving?
Since this first game, the Cowboys have played on every Thanksgiving except in 1975 and 1977. The reason behind this is because the St. Louis Cardinals (NFL team, at the time) took over the …
When did the Thanksgiving Day NFL tradition start? Lions, Bears …
Nov 25, 2021With the exception of 1939 to 1944, the Detroit Lions have played annually on Thanksgiving. In 1966, the Dallas Cowboys entered the chat as the NFL added a second Thanksgiving game to the slate.
WHERE ARE THEY NOW? The Jets – Talk About Pop Music
The family Wolfgramm, eight of the seventeen (!) children of Maikeli and Vaké Wolfgramm from Minneapolis, ages 20-12, are what we know as The Jets. The group were 'discovered' by Don Powell of British group Slade and given a record contract by MCA. They released their first single "Curiosity" in 1985 which made an appearance on the US …
Why do the Lions play on Thanksgiving Day? Explaining Detroit's tradition
The tradition of Detroit-based football teams playing on Thanksgiving can be traced back all the way to the Detroit Heralds' 7-0 loss to the Canton Bulldogs in 1917. Detroit teams would then play a total of five further games leading up to 1928. However, the Lions' tradition of playing on Thanksgiving began in 1934, their first season after …
Did the New England Patriots ever play on Thanksgiving?
4.8/5 (471 Views . 14 Votes) Patriots on Thanksgiving. The Patriots have played on Thanksgiving five times in franchise history. A 27-yard interception return for a touchdown by LB Tedy Bruschi helped the Patriots post their first Thanksgiving Day win, as they edged the Lions 20-12 on Nov. 28, 2002. Click to see full answer.
Why do the Cowboys play on Thanksgiving? Explaining Dallas' tradition
In 2021, the Cowboys will face the Las Vegas Raiders on Thanksgiving. This will be the third time that the two sides have met on Thanksgiving since 2009. In the first two games, the Cowboys came out on top. In 2009, they beat the then-Oakland Raiders 24-7 before emerging victorious in a come from behind 31-24 victory in the 2013 matchup.
Dallas Cowboys & Thanksgiving: 5 Fast Facts | Heavy.com
The Cardinals played on Thanksgiving Day in 1975, 1976 and 1977. In 1976, they played the Cowboys in Dallas on Thanksgiving. However, the NFL decided that the Cardinals weren't drawing the same …
Why do the Dallas Cowboys and Detroit Lions always play on Thanksgiving …
The Cowboys first played on Thanksgiving in 1966. They came into the league in 1960 and, as hard as it is to believe now, struggled to draw fans because they were pretty bad those first few years.
https://empiresportsmedia.com/new-york-jets/a-history-of-new-york-jets-football-on-thanksgiving-day/
https://jetswire.usatoday.com/2017/11/23/a-look-back-at-the-jets-8-thanksgiving-games/
https://www.sportscasting.com/has-every-active-nfl-team-played-on-thanksgiving/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_on_Thanksgiving_Day
https://atoallit.linkin.tw/did/did-the-jets-ever-play-on-thanksgiving.php
https://985thesportshub.com/listicle/thanksgiving-patriots-games-history/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_New_York_Jets
https://www.cincyjungle.com/veteransofcincinnati/2014/11/27/7299051/flashback-bengals-lost-their-only-thanksgiving-game
https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/articles/a-history-of-football-on-thanksgiving/
https://www.sportingnews.com/us/nfl/news/dallas-cowboys-thanksgiving-explained/146o1kch215gx1q57og4dlqqvs
https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/why-the-cowboys-and-lions-always-play-on-thanksgiving-day-nfl-teams-records-on-the-holiday/
https://www.profootballhof.com/football-history/thanksgiving-day-game-results/
https://dolphinswire.usatoday.com/2018/11/22/dolphins-history-of-playing-on-thanksgiving-day/
https://www.patspulpit.com/2019/11/28/20986927/nfl-thanksgiving-classic-new-england-patriots-brady-wilfork-buttfumble-lions-cowboys
https://www.chattersource.com/article/thanksgiving-football
https://www.buffalobills.com/news/history-of-bills-thanksgiving-day-games-11970785
https://www.steelers.com/news/steelers-thanksgiving-history-11972587
https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/32646037/nfl-thanksgiving-day-games-history-why-lions-cowboys-play-every-year-best-moments-traditions-records
https://www.nj.com/giants/2017/11/giants_redskins_thanksgiving_day_history_nfl_footb.html
https://www.history.com/news/greatest-memorable-gaffes-thanksgiving-nfl-games-cowboys
https://www.sportingnews.com/us/nfl/news/nfl-thanksgiving-teams/14acdlc4245i19kgr7lug6fcr
https://sports.nbcsports.com/2021/11/25/when-did-the-thanksgiving-day-nfl-tradition-start/
https://talkaboutpopmusic.com/2019/08/18/where-are-they-now-the-jets/
https://www.profootballnetwork.com/why-do-the-lions-play-on-thanksgiving-day-explaining-detroits-yearly-tradition/
https://findanyanswer.com/did-the-new-england-patriots-ever-play-on-thanksgiving
https://www.profootballnetwork.com/dallas-cowboys-thanksgiving-day-tradition/
https://heavy.com/sports/2016/11/dallas-cowboys-thanksgiving-history-2016-washington-redskins-stats-nfl-first-record-why-do-play-time/
https://www.latimes.com/sports/story/2019-11-27/dallas-cowboys-detroit-lions-thanksgiving
1 When did the Jets play on Thanksgiving?
2 Which NFL team never plays on Thanksgiving?
3 Has every NFL team played on Thanksgiving?
4 What NFL team is playing on Thanksgiving Day since 1934?
5 Did the Jets ever play on Thanksgiving?
6 Which NFL teams historically play on Thanksgiving?
7 What year did the NFL start playing on Thanksgiving?
8 Who played on Thanksgiving 2008?
9 Has any NFL team never played Thanksgiving?
10 Which NFL football team does not play on Thanksgiving every season?
11 Do certain NFL teams always play on Thanksgiving?
12 What NFL teams play on Thanksgiving Day every year?
13 Which NFL team has never played on Thanksgiving?
14 Has every team played on Thanksgiving?
15 Do the same NFL teams play every Thanksgiving?
16 What are the two NFL teams that always play on Thanksgiving?
17 More Answers On Did The Jets Ever Play On Thanksgiving
17.1 A history of New York Jets' Football on Thanksgiving Day
17.2 A look back at the Jets' 8 Thanksgiving games – Jets Wire
17.3 Has Every Active NFL Team Played on Thanksgiving?
17.4 NFL on Thanksgiving Day – Wikipedia
17.5 Did The Jets Ever Play On Thanksgiving? [Comprehensive Answer]
17.6 A brief history of the Patriots in Thanksgiving games
17.7 History of the New York Jets – Wikipedia
17.8 Bengals lost their only Thanksgiving game – Cincy Jungle
17.9 A History of Football on Thanksgiving – Culture Trip
17.10 Here's why the Cowboys always play on Thanksgiving, explained
17.11 Why the Cowboys and Lions always play on Thanksgiving Day, NFL teams …
17.12 Thanksgiving Day Games – Pro Football Hall of Fame
17.13 Dolphins history of playing on Thanksgiving Day
17.14 5 times the New England Patriots have played on Thanksgiving – Pats Pulpit
17.15 The History Of Football Games Held On Thanksgiving [Guide]
17.16 History of Bills Thanksgiving Day games – Buffalo Bills
17.17 Steelers Thanksgiving History
17.18 NFL Thanksgiving Day games history – Why the Lions and Cowboys play …
17.19 A look at Giants' Thanksgiving history – nj
17.20 7 Unforgettable Thanksgiving Day NFL Games – HISTORY
17.21 Why do the Cowboys, Lions always play on Thanksgiving?
17.22 When did the Thanksgiving Day NFL tradition start? Lions, Bears …
17.23 WHERE ARE THEY NOW? The Jets – Talk About Pop Music
17.24 Why do the Lions play on Thanksgiving Day? Explaining Detroit's tradition
17.25 Did the New England Patriots ever play on Thanksgiving?
17.26 Why do the Cowboys play on Thanksgiving? Explaining Dallas' tradition
17.27 Dallas Cowboys & Thanksgiving: 5 Fast Facts | Heavy.com
17.28 Why do the Dallas Cowboys and Detroit Lions always play on Thanksgiving …
17.30.1 Resource
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Human Rights are "the recognition of the inalienable dignity of human beings" (1). Free of discrimination, inequality, or distinction of any kind, human dignity is universal, equal and inalienable.
Beyond the concept, Human Rights are expressed and defined in legal texts, which seek to guarantee the dignity of human beings and to make it a reality.
The 1948 text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is inspired by the 1789 text of The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
After the horrors of the Second World War, the international community decided to draw up an international charter of rights that would affirm the values put forward in the struggle against fascism et Nazism.
The drafting of such a charter was entrusted to a committee chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and composed of members from 18 countries. The Charter was drafted by Canadian John Peters Humphrey, and then revised by Frenchman René Cassin.
The final text is pragmatic and the result of numerous political consensuses, so that it would gain widespread approval.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the third General Assembly of the United Nations on 10 December 1948 in Paris.
None of the 56 members of the United Nations voted against the text, but South Africa, Saudi Arabia and the Soviet Union abstained.
Although children are seldom mentioned in this text, it is nevertheless a significant document, and its impact on all human beings, including children, is what makes the Declaration so important. In fact, children's rights are based on human rights.
The 1959 Declaration of the Rights of the Child highlighted the unique nature of childhood and thus the application of rights pertaining specifically to children.


text:
Woman in 'pink pyjamas' missing from cruise ship
by Staff writers, wires, The Sun
10th Jun 2019 10:26 AM
TOURISTS have told how a woman in "pink pyjamas" fell from a "rocky" cruise liner in high winds near Majorca - as the desperate search ended.
Hundreds of passengers on the luxury Norwegian Epic ship joined the hunt for the passenger - who reportedly "couldn't swim" - in the Mediterranean Sea, The Sun reports.
The ship had left Cannes, France, on Friday and was due to dock in Palma de Mallorca, Spain, early on Saturday.
However it turned around at about 8.30am local time when the captain came on the Tannoy and announced they were going to search for a missing woman.
Families said she had last been seen wearing pink pyjamas on her balcony at around 1am on Saturday morning and told how her heartbroken family warned she couldn't swim.
A helicopter, a plane and several boats were sent out to help with the search today but it was called off at 3pm.
The cruise liner Norwegian Epic at port in Barcelona, Spain, after a search for a missing Korean passenger in the Mediterranean Sea was called off. Picture: ATLAS via AP
A cruise line spokesman confirmed they had not found the passenger - who early reports wrongly suggested was a teenager.
A Norwegian Cruise Line spokesman said: "Early morning on June 8, a 63-year-old Korean female guest went overboard while the ship was sailing from Cannes, France to Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
"As soon as the report was made, the authorities were notified and a search and rescue operation ensued. The search has now ceased, and sadly, the guest has not been found.
"Our thoughts and prayers are with the individual's family during this difficult time."
Hundreds of passengers lined the decks to help the frantic search as the ship turned back near Menorca.
Claire Murphy, from Tonbridge, Kent who was on the ship for the week long cruise, told the Sun Online: "Everyone was a bit bewildered.
"They asked everyone on board to help look for that person, so a lot of people were looking out of the windows or were on the edge of the ship but no one could see anything.
"It took us two hours to get back to the place where they were last seen. We stopped there for four hours to try and find the person.
"We were literally in the middle of the Med, it was really windy and it was very rocky."
Dr Kyjuan Brown, from Bermuda, told the Sun Online the female passenger had last been seen on her balcony at 1am wearing pink pyjamas.
A helicopter, a plane and several boats were sent out to help with the search. Picture: Supplied
He said: "The balcony of the ship was lined by passengers looking overboard for the missing girl.
"Around 8pm the search was called off and the captain informed us that according to the family she could not swim at all. Given the conditions it's unlikely she would have survived.
"Everyone felt for the family. It's horrible to go on vacation and leave without a family member."
Alexa March, who was on the ship, tweeted: "The staff and local authorities did everything they could in search efforts. My thoughts and prayers go out to this family."
The passenger fell overboard about 64km (40 miles) northwest of Menorca.
This story has been reproduced with permission from The Sun.
Man's 'miraculous' rescue after day treading water
Cruise ship returns to Aus after passenger goes missing
Cruise ship chaos as couple left behind
Out of control cruise ship crashes in Venice
cruise editors picks fall holiday ship


Did You think they haven´t Psychobilly in America? You´re wrong! This album is as fast, hard and powerful as any Psychobilly recording ever. It´s loaded with raw energy and featured tons of fan favorites. Highlights: Pack Our Bags And Go, Where Did It Go?, Psycho Attack, Show Me, Psychobilly Jeckyll & Mr Hyde and Satan On My Side .
"Voice Of America" is the second straight fantastic album of the Quakes. Though they went a short way back to their Rockabilly roots, this one is still a Psychobilly classic. And Paul Roman proved he ranks with the best guitar players in the scene. The most fantastic song on this one is the Psychobilly/Rockabilly anthem Stick To Your Guns. Other highlights are Puttin' Out The Flame , U.S.A., What Will They Say About Me and the superb cover of the Stones´ Paint It Black.
This album was originally released by Sony and was used for promoting Rockabilly in Japan. It´s an atypical Neobilly release which combines different sounds and musical influences, like New Wave, Punk Rock or some Adam Ant. Add excellent slap bass play and guitar work and you get one of the most demanding Psychobilly albums ever. Among the highlights is a brilliant cover of Depeche Mode´s Behind The Wheel. Other highlights are New Generation, Dateless Night, It´s Gone and Now I Wanna.
"Quiff Rock" is the forth studio album of The Quakes. It´s another solid production from the US-trio. This album offers a huge assortment of different sounds and lyrics too. You maybe need some time to settle in, but "Quiff Rock" is still one of only a few bight spots from the mid-90´s. Highlights: Throw It All Away , Animals, Cool To Be A Punk, Dinosaur In Leather Pants and Die In This Town.
Neorockabilly?Psychobilly? I don´t know for sure, but "Last Of The Human Beings" proves that The Quakes are still alive and are still one of the best rocking acts in the circuit. The band has added some Punkrock to their style, but it´s still The Quakes. They even tried the New Wave classic Killing Moon, which really sounds great as a Neorockabilly track . Highlights: I Don't Come From Nowhere, Wasted, Rockin' Cats, Clone and Future Shock Rock.
This is the latest work from Paul Roman´s creative hotbed for US Psychobilly. The album is a furious blend of different music styles, boosted by those very ambitious lyrics. It includes fourteen tracks plus a hidden bonus song. If you´re a bored with the uniformity of most of today´s Psychobilly this is the right choice. Highlights: Nothing To Say, USA Psychos, Place Called Today, Send Me An Angel and Lifetime To Go.


text:
Credo 45: … and the life of the world to come.'
Maybe it is only when someone actually dies that the full strangeness of these words hits us. The creed's words are themselves stark. They are uncompromising, and do not go into any details. There is an appropriateness to that. Talk about the 'world to come' has often been marked by a certain articulate sentimentality. This can be honestly or kindly intended, but it does not take account of the disturbing and complete rupture that comes with death. It often feels as though that there is a staring discrepancy between the models and schemes that people sometimes use and even the tiny insights that can be gathered about what is to come. Of course, people need some language to talk about these things. The danger is that the words become too familiar, and do not do justice to the otherness of what is called 'eternal life' and the 'vision of God'.
The great theologian Karl Rahner was said to be afraid of death, though he did not lack faith. In trying to give some limited sense of what is meant by the 'world to come', I cannot do much better than to quote some of his words. He spoke them when he was eighty and did not have much longer to live
…when all the stars of our ideals, with which we ourselves in our own presumption have draped the heaven of our own lived lives, have burned out and are now extinguished; when death has built a monstrous silent void, and we have silently accepted this in faith and hope as our true identity; when then our life so far, however long it has been, appears only as a single short explosion of our freedom…when then we are shown in the monstrous shock of a joy beyond saying that this monstrous, silent void, which we experience as death, is in truth filled with the originating mystery that we call God, with God's true light and with God's love that receives all things and gives all things… - then, then I don't actually want to describe anything like this, but nevertheless, I do want to stammer out some hint of how a person can for the moment expect what is to come…
Rahner's speech finished soon after this point and then he made a collection for a poor priest in Africa who had written to him out of the blue, to ask for some help towards buying a motorcyle. Asking for the money, Rahner said how he felt 'all our theological talk' was not as important as when 'we gave a poor person a bowl of soup'. Perhaps, after all, in these or similar gestures, you get the hint of what is meant by 'the world to come'. In gifts freely given, with the hope of nothing in return, but with the sheer delight of the giving…there is some tiny anticipation surely of what the saints will see and adore in the vision of the one who is all in all.


Why our houses are named after The Oceans.
It has become a tradition at St Mary Abbots to allocate each child a house team. In 2015 our elected school councillors decided that our houses needed a revamp. The first step was to get the houses renamed. Council members each put forward a suggestion and then, a list of their most popular five were compiled. This list was then presented to each class in turn, where each child was invited to vote for their favourite. After the votes were counted and verified our new house teams were named after... The Oceans!
How are house teams allocated?
House teams are allocated at random. However, we do ensure that all siblings are allocated the same house.
How do you earn house points and what is the reward?
It is possible to achieve house points in a variety of ways and for a variety of reasons. These may include: polite and courteous behaviour; being an interested and inspired learner; going above and beyond in an area of school life; for a brilliant answer or a fantastic piece of learning.
We also have a Merit award. That equals five house points and you also earn a certificate. This is awarded in our achievement assembly on a Friday. A merit is earned for something exceptional.
House points are counted throughout the half term. The house with the most house points at the end of each half term wins a movie and popcorn afternoon with Miss Keck.


text:
Modern Mysteries
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UFO Fleet, Vomiting Ants, Underwater Alien Sounds and More Mysterious News Briefly — December 7, 2021
Paul Seaburn December 7, 2021
Mysterious News Briefly — December 7, 2021
Memorial University of Newfoundland researchers found that the ring-billed gull is able to pass a widely used cognitive exam called the string-pull test where a treat is placed on a dish inside a plastic box with a string tied to it and placed inside a plastic box with a slit on one end – the only way to get the treat is to pull the string and the plate through the slit. The first one to do it should get a scholarship to Maryland's Salisbury University, home of the Salisbury Sea Gulls.
Ants have social networks just like humans do, but a new study found that instead of exchanging information through posts and comments, they vomit into each other's mouths – thus creating a digestive social network in which energy and information circulate constantly throughout the colony to be collected by the ants that need these resources. If you just spit up a little in your mouth, you may be accepted into their network.
Archeologists who discovered the skeletal remains of a man killed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE say he was carrying a wooden box holding a ring and was almost to the sea when he turned to face the onrushing cloud of hot gas and volcanic matter which "burnt off all his clothing and vaporized his flesh," resulting in instantaneous death. A horrible way to go and he never even got to see what was in the Ark of the Covenant.
The Colorado Parks and Wildlife Service posted a recording of Steamboat Lake making "strange Star Wars sounds" that some people believed were coming from an underwater alien base but experts say is the shifting in the ice on the frozen lake causing high and low sound frequencies. "These are not the noises you are looking for."
Researchers discovered that the impotence pill Viagra (sildenafil), originally developed as a heart drug medicine and also used to treat the lung condition pulmonary hypertension, may be useful in preventing or treating Alzheimer's disease. Thank you, Bob Dole.
As he prepares for a 12-day trip to the International Space Station, Japanese fashion billionaire Yusaku Maezawa says he's so excited, "I'm like an elementary student waiting for a school trip." That's a warning to the rest of the Soyuz crew that he'll probably spend the trip singing "99 bottles of beer on the wall."
The marketing communications company Clemenger BBDO and the University of Tasmania are building an indestructible "black box" on a granite plain on the west coast of Tasmania in early 2022 to record "every step we take" toward climate catastrophe in order to provide a record for future civilizations to understand what caused our demise. Why not just record cable news?
Engineer Matt Mikka from the YouTube channel Warped Perception attached three jet thrusters to the back of his Tesla Model S and used 1.5 gallons of "hydro diesel" fuel per minute to propel the formerly electric vehicle down a highway. The video is now in the dictionary under "irony."
An unidentified pilot shot a video of what looks like a fleet of 12 UFOs flying in formation at 39,000 feet above sea level over the South China Sea – some experts suggest these were anti-missile flares shot from a warplane, but the pilot said "I do not know what that is. That is some weird s**t. That is something flying." Is "weird s**t" Chinese for Tic Tac?
Astronomers using the Very Large Array (VLA) telescope in New Mexico discovered the galaxy AGC 114905, an ultra-diffuse dwarf galaxy about 250 million light-years away, that contains no dark matter whatsoever despite the prevailing theory that ultra-diffuse dwarf galaxies can only exist if they are held together by dark matter. Dark Gorilla Glue?
Tags alien Astronomy biology Bizarre modern mysteries natural world Science space technology Tesla ufo viagra
Paul Seaburn is the editor at Mysterious Universe and its most prolific writer. He's written for TV shows such as "The Tonight Show", "Politically Incorrect" and an award-winning children's program. He's been published in "The New York Times" and "Huffington Post" and has co-authored numerous collections of trivia, puzzles and humor. His "What in the World!" podcast is a fun look at the latest weird and paranormal news, strange sports stories and odd trivia. Paul likes to add a bit of humor to each MU post he crafts. After all, the mysterious doesn't always have to be serious.
You can follow Paul on and
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Wolf Moon, Giant Ice Disks, Forgetting is Good and More Mysterious News Briefly — January 17, 2022
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Italian fashion house fendi was founded by 1925 by eldorado and adele fendi and now with karl lagerfeld as a creative designer. They are very well known for presenting collections that speak extravaganza and audacity. Being a casual wear, you can check this black brown cotton logo printed zipped jacket from fendi featuring long sleeves.


text:
Brexit & UK politics
Breaking the Irish Peace
Back in the early seventies there used to be a political postcard that depicted Northern Ireland trying to speak to an England that had a cork firmly in one ear. Ulster – and indeed the whole of the island of Ireland – has often had difficulty in making itself heard in England. Time and again English politicians have shown themselves indifferent to and disinterested in what takes place in Ireland until it's too late, and the English public have not been much better.
Given this history, there is nothing at all surprising about the condescension, arrogance and ignorance that so many of our politicians have shown in response to the unexpected return of Irish politics to centre stage as a result of Brexit.
For politicians drunk on imperial nostalgia, it has been infuriating to see their grandiose Brexit dreams stymied by Irish priorities. Some, like the senior Tory who said that the 'Irish really should know their place', take these priorities as a direct affront.
Others regard them as at best a minor irrelevance, and at worse a deliberate conspiracy between Remainers and the EU to deprive them of their prize through 'Project Fear' fantasies about the unraveling of the Irish peace process that they believe have no foundation in reality
These politicians – and the commentators who support them and recycle their narratives – have breezily dismissed the warnings of politicians who were part of the Irish peace process and realise how painfully it was achieved and how easily it could collapse.
Suggest that Brexit has put strains on the 1998 Good Friday Agreement, and that these strains are likely to increase if a hard border is implemented in Ireland, and Brexiters are likely to respond with the wrongheaded ignorance that Julia Hartley-Brewer and Darren Grimes recently displayed when they compared the Irish border to the border arrangements that Switzerland has with its neighbors.
It's not always clear whether such shallow comparisons are due to stupidity, laziness or malice, but whatever the motivations, they grossly mischaracterise and misunderstand the genuine risks that Brexit poses to the Irish Peace Process.
Armed conflicts can end when one side defeats the other, or because the contenders realise that none of them can win. In Northern Ireland, the Good Friday Agreement was the product of more than a decade of secret and public negotiations, in which the various protagonists gradually accepted that they could not defeat their opponents militarily and agreed to move their conflict back into the terrain of politics.
With the support of the United States, the European Union, and the British and Irish governments, republicans and unionists came to an agreement which enabled both sides to gain something in the short-term, and which paved the way for a process of consensus and consent that would decide the long-term future of Northern Ireland.
This agreement kicked a lot of cans down the road, and obliged republicans and unionists to accept things that had once been unacceptable to both sides. Compared with the bloodshed , trauma and suffering that preceded it, its political consequences might seem negligible, but it nevertheless brought the armed conflict to an end and marginalised the more intransigent and extremist forces on either side that wanted it to continue.
This was achieved through the construction of a delicate political arrangement, underpinned by the European Convention of Human Rights, which enabled the European Court of Human Rights to act as an independent guarantor of the rights of all communities in the province. As fellow members of the European Union, the population of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland were able to act as de facto members of a single nation, without abandoning the political identities and loyalties that had driven the conflict.
All this was intended to lay the foundations for political coexistence and cooperation that would make it possible – one day – to resolve the inherent contradictions underlying the agreement through negotiation and consensus.
This was no mean achievement, and to disregard its significance and even to treat it with contempt, has been one of the greatest follies – and crimes – of the Brexit cult.
And now, with the awful killing of the young journalist and writer Lyra McKee last night, it is worth asking whether we may be witnessing the consequences of such folly. It is too early to know whether Brexit contributed to what happened in Derry, but it would also be stupid and reckless to ignore the possibility of such a connection. Today the former Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) officer Alan McQuillan told Radio 4
the threat from dissident Republicans may grow, but it needs support from the community, which it doesn't currently have. They've openly said that they regard [Brexit] as a great recruiting sergeant and will exploit it to the hilt.
It's easy to see how Brexit could provide such a 'recruiting sergeant'. For more than two years there has been no government in Northern Ireland, yet the DUP has been propping up a Tory administration intent on leaving the European Union. If this happens then the European Court of Human Rights will no longer provide the independent guarantee it was intended to, and it will be replacement by a British bill of rights that republicans will regard as politically illegitimate.
If a hard border is implemented and patrolled by British police and customs officers, then it will be regarded by republicans as a giant political step backwards. Even before 1998, the existence of an open border has made a united Ireland a practical everyday reality, if not a political reality. If that border is reimposed then some 'dissident' groups will undoubtedly use this 'betrayal' as a justification to return to physical force, and some may already be doing so.
In two years time, the DUP is planning to have a national holiday to celebrate the hundredth anniversary of partition. It is not difficult to imagine how such commemorations would be perceived by republicans in a post-Brexit Northern Ireland with a restored hard border as a constant reminder of the reality of partition.
It is impossible to know whether these possibilities are already transforming the situation on the ground in the province. According to the Northern Ireland police, the searches carried out in the Creggan last night were 'intelligence-led' raids aimed at preventing planned republican violence over Easter. The fact that fifty petrol bombs were thrown at 'crown forces' suggests that some republican groups were prepared for them, and the bullet that killed Lyra McKee was intended to kill a police officer.
There may be more of this to come. History and politics cannot be erased by signatures on a piece of paper. Even at peace – as Lyra McKee wrote so eloquently – thousands of people in Northern Ireland bear the memory of trauma and violence and share a political space where continued sectarian divisions mean that the possibility of violence is always present.
McKee described herself and her peers as 'ceasefire babies' born in the aftermath of the Good Friday Agreement, and she was probably killed by another member of that post-conflict generation. Most of the rioters in the Creggan last night were young, and could, in theory, form part of a resurgent physical force movement if the political structure that underpins the Good Friday Agreement unravels.
It is the responsibility of all politicians to everything they can to prevent that outcome. Lyra McKee should have lived, and used her remarkable voice to help Northern Ireland continue its painful and difficult path towards a better future.
And here in England, we should mourn the death of a young woman who had so much to contribute. And despite the insane recklessness of the Brexiters, we should take note of the warning signs emanating from Ireland and remove the cork from our ears.
BrexitGood Friday AgreementLyra McKeeNorthern Ireland
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