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Eight Principles of IoT Security
On January 7, 2021 in All, Computing, IoT, Security by Jackie Padgett
(Source: buffaloboy/Shutterstock.com)
Many challenges face embedded development engineers tasked with implementing effective security measures. Knowledge of what is being protected, the threat landscape, and specific attack vectors to be protected against is necessary. Not to mention the added urgency that comes with overreported, high-profile breaches.
Securing embedded devices is no longer optional. As more products became connected, the primary perceived attack vectors originated from internet traffic, but now entire embedded systems are subject to constant and varied threats.
Developers can employ several techniques that make the task of securing systems much easier. Silicon Labs is a founding member of the ioXt Alliance, an industry-led initiative that, with partner collaboration, has led to the creation of eight key principles. We will discuss these principles in this post, which include:
No Universal Passwords
Secured Interfaces
Proven Cryptography
Security by Default
Signed Software Updates
Software Updates Applied Automatically
Vulnerability Reporting Scheme
Security Expiration Date
Principle 1–No Universal Passwords
Often, high-volume consumer devices are all shipped with the same default password. Typically, users want to quickly deploy their new device, so many do not take the simple step of changing the default password to a new one. Shipping each new device with a unique factory-programmed password is a simple first step in making it more difficult for adversaries to gain access to or take control of, potentially, hundreds of deployed devices.
Principle 2–Secured Interfaces
Any microcontroller-based device has a multitude of interfaces and ports that can be accessed either locally or remotely. The primary application will use some of these ports during operation and for communications. However, the rest–particularly any that function as external communication interfaces must be secured. Likewise, any IC-to-IC interfaces—such as between the microcontroller and a display controller—must be secured. It is recommended that all interfaces be encrypted and authenticated during use.
Principle 3–Proven Cryptography
In a world of open and interoperable technologies, the use of industry-recognized, open, and proven cryptographic standards is essential. The use of closed, proprietary cryptographic algorithms is not recommended. The use of open cryptographic standards encourages participation by all developers, engineers, and stakeholders to be continually evaluated for potential vulnerabilities against new security threats.
Principle 4–Security by Default
It is essential that when a consumer purchases a new device, it is already set for the highest possible levels of security. Shipping a product with no or minimal security options configured can pave the way for adversaries to take advantage. The consumer out-of-box security experience should be that all possible security measures are enabled. Developers should not leave a consumer unprotected by default.
Principle 5–Signed Software Updates
With the increasing number of consumer smart-home devices that can update themselves automatically over the air being shipped, the priority is that every update should be signed cryptographically. In this way, hackers are prevented from attempting to update a device with malicious code.
Principle 6–Software Updates Applied Automatically
Consumers shouldn't have to become administrators of their own devices, faced with deciding whether to update a product's software image. If an update needs to be made, it should be deployed and implemented automatically. Moreover, updates should be applied at times when they will not compromise the device's operation. For example, a smart-connected washing machine should not be updated while the machine is in use.
Principle 7–Vulnerability Reporting Scheme
Often, consumers who experience a problem with their embedded smart-home device are unsure who to contact. Has it been compromised? Is there a new vulnerability that should be reported? This principle pledges that product manufacturers will create a means for customers to report problems and communicate their concerns regarding product security.
Principle 8–Security Expiration Date
As with product warranties, which have an expiration date after purchase, the period during which security updates are available should also be defined and communicated to the consumer. Continuing to support a product with security updates involves continued engineering costs, so consumers need to make informed decisions at the time of purchase. Manufacturers also have the option to offer extended warranties to offset ongoing security updates.
The detailed explanation of how we embrace these principles can be found in the Silicon Labs – IoT Endpoint Security Fundamentals document.
Security in the Smart Home
We already have far more control over our homes than we could imagine a few years ago, thanks to the IoT, and that is not slowing down. This means preparing for the next generation of cyber criminals will be a challenge we solve as an industry. Silicon Labs' state-of-the-art Secure Vault has been designed to help connected device manufacturers address these evolving threats by protecting from unauthorized access and guaranteeing chip authenticity. Secure Vault strengthens product security, future-proofing, and addresses security regulation without adding cost or complexity through over-the-air updates.
Secure Vault features are:
Secure Device Identity certificate, similar to a birth certificate, for each silicon die, enabling post-deployment security, authenticity, and attestation-based health checks, guaranteeing the chip's authenticity for its lifetime.
Advanced Tamper Detection allows developers to set-up appropriate response actions when the device experiences unexpected behaviors, such as extreme voltage, frequency, and temperature variations, which could indicate a vulnerability
Secure Key Management and Storage, a central component to protect against direct access to an IoT device and its data by encrypting and isolating the keys from the application code and using a master key encryption key (KEK) generated from physically unclonable function (PUF) hardware.
Securing IoT systems can be challenging. Silicon Labs, and industry partners, created the ioXt Alliance. This alliance set forth eight principles to include in an IoT security plan. These principles are:
The Eight Principles of IoT Security blog was written by Jackie Padgett and was first published on the Silicon Labs website.
Jackie Padgett serves as Corporate Marketing Manager for Silicon Labs where she oversees the company's global public relations, communications, and corporate responsibility programs.
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Tagged With: embedded development, embedded systems, iot, security, silabs, silicon labs, software, updates


Over the course of my artistic practice I have been thinking about what it means to be a painter. Some artists believe they were born to paint. Others were born into paint. While some artists are just enigmas, and we may never really know why they made the art they did. So why paint? What should I paint? Who am I painting for? Am I any good? These are good questions to ask yourself, however in the act of doing these tend to become irrelevant. In the act of being a painter my intuition takes over, which is higher state of self that I have come to know and trust in my work. This is a good thing as there is a lot of uncertainty involved in the process which the doubting mind loves to feed on. It is key to see things through, this has been my life motto, even when all seems lost, and nothing is going right, I keep working through it, and this has been a real area of discovery for me.
My curiosity with painting is perhaps the mystery of painting in itself. I can't help myself but be drawn to the mystery and, I have made it my life's purpose to explore it. I have focused on learning ways to make pictures that are genuine hälts; with all the weirdness, the magic, the sorrow, the joy; the nuances of being human whilst living in these silly world. I am by no means well known, however I make art that is both beautiful, celebrated and adorned by some very beautiful humans out there who through chance I have had the great pleasure to meet in this lifetime.
Side note and after thoughts on painting….
I once met a man who believed our lives are predetermined, such that we have no say in our destiny. I am more inclined to believe we do have the capacity to steer our own ship, however there is a flow and rhythm to life, so determining how you want to ride through it is a good starting point. My ship happens to be art, and my main sail is painting. Art has some pretty deep roots to tap into and even after all these years of practice I have yet to fully understand it. Art remains to me a truthful experience documenting life's mystery and just as winters reveal bits of the truths about ourselves, mark by mark, painting by painting I am revealing my experience. This may not be your experience however surely there is some common ground, that which defies the rational, and hits on some deeper spiritual level. In my practice I am expressing my truth, my inner light, and channeling what gos through my mind. This perhaps is not too disimliar to what my ancient ancestors were doing when they painted on a cave wall. When I work I am very aware of my feelings, my mood, my thoughts and my spirit. This in part is what I am communicating along with the mystery, the unknown and the irrational.
hälts working on a mural called 'Creator', a public art installation piece for peace of mind.
Tags: acrylic, art, artdoc, artist, artistinsight, artiststudio, CanadianArt, Canadianartist, contemporaryART, contemporarymythology, journal, learning, Mahaloness, painter, painterphilosophy, painting, space, watercolour | Permalink.
I have been steadily falling out of the blogosphere which I do humbly apologise for. The words have been going into proposal writing and more proposal writing. This is a good thing. I want to take my art to new places and bring new ideas to life. I tend to also focus on producing work during the winter season, however this year has been a little different. Recently in the last couple months, I made a few new acquisitions to allow me grow my art business. I have not been giving as much attention to the business side as I would like. It has been a time of learning new ways to sell my art and art merchandise that I can put my stamp of approval on. Over the last decade I have tried various outlets to get my art out there, with some success and a lot of fails. However not one to quit, due to a stubborn nature, I have managed to learn a thing or three, and voila! It looks as though I am on a bit of a roll. There is some exciting things coming down the pipe; art shows, installations, and live art. I am planning an art pop shop and happening for the month of April in Calgary. The wheels are in motion and things are looking pretty good if I may say so myself. So with renewed vigour and a sense of inner happiness I will keep you very much in the loop! For now some images of past to present and a minomotion.
For the last couple months I have been diligently working on a new website which will feature a selection of art items that will be for sale. I will offer unique art to you with quality in mind and made with 100% pure human spirit. As much as life serves up its fair share of challenges my art remains true to my inner light, and this is what I would like to share with you.
halts art wearables coming soon!
new hälts wearables coming soon!
Q: Where do I start, when there is no start line?
A: Take one step forward, there you go you started.
The following images are a mix of new and old, as I consider renaming Mahaloness… I am thankful to have had the luxury to share my journey with you. One thing that can be said is I don't try to fluff things up too much on my posts, I try to share my truth, for better or worse.
Tags: art, artist, Canadianartist, comingsoon, contemporaryART, contemporarymythology, Golden paints, humanity, Mahaloness, mexico, mural, oaxaca, painter, painting, places, spirit, spiritmural, travel, watercolour, Wearable art | Permalink.
Sometimes I think life is random. Some days I think it is destiny. Some will tell me it is fate. However I ended up in this life, I am here and maintaining the one thing I know, chop wood, fetch water.
These days I find myself in the studio working on my work, mostly in silence. The paint gods have been kind, and the flow steady and somewhat prolific. I appreciate the process to the utmost degree. My intentions are good, however it has come to my attention that it can be conflicted by the introduction of subjectivity. Why I paint and make art is no mystery, I love what I do and I only put love into my work. If my work brings up things in someone that they may not agree with, I can not do much to change this. My life is art, my art is life.
the studio in flux, looking at a recent abstract work, adding some last touches.
Tags: abstractart, anastractpainting, art, artiststudio, behindthescenes, CanadianArt, Canadianartist, contemporaryART, destiny, life, love, mystery, painting, random | Permalink.
'spinning' 🌍 Nuevo hälts minimotion with soundscape 'maple syrup on pancakes' featuring a bunch of different segments working on a very special painting, one close to my heart.
We only get this one.
The following three images demonstrate how I use my drawing and paper cut outs to get composition, I do use modern technology as well but this method is tried, true and tested.
At this stage I am respecting my first marks made, before I continue on with the work. This is the stage where my brain switches to 3-D as I bring the subject to life. I will trust my drawings but also let the paint show me what's possible.
Sometimes things go bassackwards, that's alright, I appreciate you to the utmost degree.
hälts hybrid art which features a watercolour called Oaxacan spirit, made in the mysterious land of southern Mexico, this is what I would call a spirit document.
Tags: acrylic, animation, art, artdoc, artiststudio, behindthescenes, contemporaryART, fire, howtopaintspainting, Mahaloness, minimotion, painter, painting, poem, watercolour | Permalink.
A singer goes through life and sings about it, a painter paints a painting.
I wanted to take a moment to write a little about who I am, and what Art means to me. When I was younger I did not dream of being an artist. I dreamed of dragons, flying and the occasional nightmare, most likely related too much sugar. I do recall that throughout my life I have always wanted to draw, which I still practice to this day. The first drawings I remember the best were in junior high. I would draw sneakers, in all kinds of designs and was interested in creating new designs, and styles. I drew on whatever surface I had available and generally speaking I got in a lot of trouble for 'doodling' when I was supposed to be listening and paying attention to the class. The funny thing about that is I was listening, perhaps even better than I had not been drawing. Drawing has always given me that, a refuge if you will. As I grew up sports took over my life, I was training 9 times a week in competitive swimming and played hockey a few days a week. It was a lot. I don't regret playing sports it all contributes to who I am today and I do like to play once and while however it is not the same. After high school I went on to work in the bar industry and was my first introduction to the art scene in my hometown. I just remember all these really interesting 'cool people' and going to the weirdest art/live shows, that included visual art, music and dance. It was another world. I had grown up mostly in a rural setting, this was all new to me and I dove in completely open to it all. This opened the door to all sorts of experience, some really incredible opportunities and some not so good real life situations that would impact my life deeply. Perhaps it was some of these events that led me back to art, it is really hard to say, and perhaps that will become more evident to me as I grow older. I think in some was I am still close to some of these things and this can make it difficult to write about. Over the years I have worked with a bunch of different media. This includes photography, video/editing, computer/digital art, drawing, animation, sculpture, music and painting. None of which I had any really former training in, and this has been my journey ever since. For the last several years I have been slowly bringing all these forces together, and with advances in technology I have been fortunate to create things I would of never dreamt of, even as a child. It has given me the tools to let my imagination run, and also allowed for me to work intuitively. As tools get easier to worth with, increased creative potential is what I see. As you may or may not know I also work in the film industry which is both creative and technical, this has benefited my practice in many ways, and gives me balance as I walk along the delicate thread of life and art.
'soft glow' 🎥 hälts minimotion with soundscape 'vanishing into the deed' featuring some scenes from the studio, including abstract no.3 curing, a moose, and a compilation of paintings and docufotos accrued over my relatively short lifetime as an artist and well human for that matter, and an animation of a mural I made in Zicatela, Puerto Escondido ❤ this is dedicated to my sister Nicole and all my family, and to my brothers and sisters from different mothers.
This is selection of drawings made on a trip to New York in 2006. I was going through some of my old books, reading the words I had written back then, and I realized I have not changed that much, with the exception of the reality of getting older, a few more grey hairs, and some lines on the face, these are also records I guess but the same spirit resides in me that goes back to my youth, and follows the string of my ancestry, perhaps back to a place when even time did not exist.
Tags: abstract, abstractart, art, artiststudio, behindthescenes, caandianartist, CanadianArt, contemporaryART, delicatethreads, life, magic, meta, moose, newyork, painitng, painter, thread, words | Permalink.


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PolicyPak combines brilliantly with Microsoft Remote Desktop Services such as RemoteApp to give you perfect control over your applications' settings.
Hello, everybody. This is Jeremy Moskowitz, former Group Policy MVP and Founder of PolicyPak Software. In this video, I'm going to show you how PolicyPak can manage and enforce applications that are deployed using Microsoft's Remote Desktop Services, either using RemoteApp or through a full session.
To get started, let's take a look. Over here, I've got what's called a Windows "ThinPC." If you're not familiar with a Windows ThinPC, it's a variant of Windows that Microsoft makes available to Microsoft SA customers such that they can have these WalkUp stations. That what this is. This is my WalkUp station here. If I were to log on as "fabrikamwestsalesuser2," I'll get access to my sessions.
Here you can see the applications that are presented via RemoteApp. You can also see my full Remote Desktop session. I've got another video on full Remote Desktop sessions. Hopefully, you'll watch that too. Before we get started and launch these apps, let's go ahead and configure them. To do that, we're going to use our trusty "Group Policy Management" console.
We'll go ahead and "Create a GPO in this domain, and Link it here…" and we'll call this "Manage Winzip Remoteapps and RDS apps using PolicyPak." OK, I'm just giving it a fun name. When you click "Edit" here, you can dive down under user side "PolicyPak/Applications/New/Application," and we'll go ahead and pick our application.
You can see we've got lots of Paks. We actually have over 100 Paks. These are just some of my favorites: "Adobe Reader," "Chrome," all the "Internet Explorers," "Lync," "Firefox," and here's "PolicyPak for WinZip 14 and Later." Let's go ahead and pick that guy.
PolicyPak also has built in the same thing as the Group Policy Preferences. It's called "item-level targeting." If you want to ensure that these particular groups of settings only occur under certain conditions – like for instance, "Terminal Session," when you're coming in over an RDS/Terminal Server session ("the terminal session is Any") – these settings will only affect the user's experience when they're coming in over RDS. Now I've selected that "Targeting" is "Yes" and I've selected RDS.
With that in mind, let's go back over to our "ThinPC." Let's go ahead and run "WinZip 14.0." We'll give it the credentials we need, which is "fabrikamwestsalesuser2," and we'll give it the "Password." "RemoteApp" is launching. What we're going to find after this occurs is that WinZip is being presented via RemoteApp and being managed using PolicyPak.
We've "Connected to RemoteApp" here. Here's "WinZip" here. Let's go ahead and go to "Options/Configuration," and we can see PolicyPak is doing the work. We see that "Minimum password length" is set to "11." These checkboxes are checked. "Cameras" is grayed out, and we've removed UI here as well.
Now remember, PolicyPak has lots of superpowers. One of them is this graying out stuff I just showed you. The other is that if a user does manage to work around your settings, the very next time the application is run – let me go ahead and do that now – the settings are maintained.
This is a huge differentiator between the way that regular Group Policy and Group Policy Preferences works and the way that PolicyPak works. PolicyPak is always ensuring, dictating and consistently remediating your application settings to ensure a consistent user experience.
If I want to "Create a GPO in this domain, and Link it here…" called "All Users Firefox settings via PolicyPak," this time instead of editing it on the user side I'm going to edit it on the computer side and thus I will affect everybody. This is another PolicyPak superpower. We're taking user side settings, so therefore everybody who is on the computer is going to get these user side settings.
The one trick about this is that because we're on the computer side, the computer that's affected is actually "sComputer2." Now if we just wait for the normal background refresh to occur for Group Policy, which is about 90 minutes give or take – this would affect all users on the machine. But we don't want to wait 90 minutes for sComputer2 to get the signal, so I'm accelerating the hands of time for this one time and running "gpupdate" manually.
Now that that's done, what we'll do is we'll head on over back to our "ThinPC." Here we are. We'll go ahead and run "Mozilla Firefox." Now remember, this is affecting all users via Remote Desktop. If we go ahead and give "fabrikamwestsalesuser3" and give it a different person, we'll wait for Firefox to kick in, we'll watch RemoteApp present the application to the user and then let's see if PolicyPak did what it was supposed to do.
OK, "Connected to RemoteApp and Desktop Connections" here. There we go. Firefox launches. We'll go ahead and say no to all that stuff. We'll go to "Firefox/Options," and we can see the "Home Page" is set correctly, dictated and locked down. Those important "Security" settings that IT needs to embrace are dictated and locked down just the way we want to.
The last thing I want to show you is instead of using RemoteApp, let's go ahead and use the actual RDP connection. In this way, I'm going to "Connect" to "sComputer2" and get a full session here. I'll give my credentials, which would be "fabrikamwestsalesuser3." You just saw me use this guy.
Now we're going to get a full session at this point, so therefore all this stuff will be coming down from sComputer2 – the mouse and the video and all that will be coming from there. PolicyPak will be ensuring that the settings that are inside the session for both what you saw for WinZip and for Firefox will be delivered and consistently maintained.
And that's the point. You can make the choice. If you want to use item-level targeting and say when they are not using a Remote Desktop, if they're using a desktop or a laptop they get one set of secure settings, and when they're using a Terminal Server/RemoteApp/RDS session they get a different set of settings. PolicyPak gives you that enormous flexibility.
Here comes our session. There we go. We're ready to go. Let's go ahead and run "WinZip" first, and let's see if we get the locked down WinZip settings we expect. There we go. We see "11." We see the four checkboxes checked. We see "Cameras" grayed out – excellent. Again, if a user tries to do something naughty and work around these settings, PolicyPak is always working to ensure that what you set is what they get.
If we go ahead and click "Mozilla Firefox" here just to see what happens here, PolicyPak is once again ensuring the settings. Again, PolicyPak is working either in a full session as you see here or when the applications are being deployed using RemoteApp.
If you want to check out PolicyPak for either these two scenarios or the full VDI scenario that we also support, you're welcome to get started any time. Just go ahead and fill out the "Webinar/Download" button on the right, and we'll see you in a webinar, get you the bits and you can see if it's right for you.


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YouTube Unlisted vs Private Videos: Facts You Don't Know
Last Updated On: Jan 6, 2020 By Jyoti Chauhan
Youtube unlisted vs private', it's an all-time confusion for most of the Youtubers. And it's pretty conventional. Because there is a very slight difference between private and unlisted youtube videos.
If you have ever opted for uploading videos on Youtube, you must have encountered the four video privacy options, i.e., Public, Private, unlisted and scheduled.
The terms PUBLIC and SCHEDULED are easy to understand and make sense for the general viewers. But they always remain perplexing about the youtube private vs. unlisted and unlisted vs. private youtube videos.
If you also have any confusions regarding what is an unlisted youtube video and a Private video on Youtube, read the article until the end. In this comprehensive tutorial, I'll make sure to clear all your doubts regarding youtube unlisted vs. private videos. So stay tuned.
Below, we will learn what's the difference between youtube unlisted vs private videos in different sections of the tutorial.
But to understand youtube unlisted vs private better, we need to know the youtube PUBLIC videos first. Then only we can differentiate private and unlisted videos from the Public videos to learn exactly what's the difference.
Let's dive deeper into the tutorial to understand it better.
Part 1. Public Youtube Videos.
Youtube's default privacy option is PUBLIC. Every video uploaded on Youtube is public unless you change it's privacy settings manually.
Public videos can be seen by everyone. They can be searched on Youtube, Google and even on other search engine platforms. Also, public videos can appear in the related videos, and recommendations section.
You can share public videos via the share button, located below the video or via sharing URL. When uploading Public videos, it comes to your Subscriber feed and they are notified about it. All in all, the majority of videos you see on Youtube are Public. And they are available for everyone on the youtube to watch.
Now that you have understood everything about Public videos, here's everything about youtube unlisted vs private youtube videos.
Part 2. Private Youtube Videos.
Private videos are just opposite of the Public videos. My purpose to mention about PUBLIC videos was to tell you the difference between Private and Public videos. Since now you have the idea of what Public videos are, you can easily understand, what are private videos on Youtube.
What are Private Videos?
As the name suggests, Private videos are the PRIVATE videos that can't be seen by anyone. Private videos can only be watched by the people, who have got an invitation by the uploader.
If you try to view the private videos without invitation, you will get to watch the following screen.
As I said, Private videos are just opposite of Public videos. Videos, that are private can only be seen by you and the users you choose. They can't appear in search results, related video sections, and video recommendations. Also, the subscribers on your channel won't get notified when you upload a private video.
To view the private videos, you need to invite your friends and vice versa. Without the video invitations, no private video can be viewed in any circumstances. The considerable thing is, you can invite only up to 50 people to watch your Private video. And the only condition to invite and get an invitation to view the Private video is to have a Google account.
People, who are invited to watch the videos must have a google account. There are some conditions that you must know before inviting your friends and relatives to view your Private video. For instance, if you have invited a person on one of his Google accounts to watch your Private video, he can't watch it with another account. Similarly, the person who has got invitation can't invite other people to watch the video.
So that was some information on Private videos. Now let's check out the situations where private videos are applicable.
Use of Private Videos:
Following are some of the applications, where Private videos are considered to be the best privacy option.
When there is a video, which is strictly family oriented and you don't want anyone to see it. In such situations, the best option is to upload a video in private and invite your friends and relatives to see it.
Another situation, when private videos are the best choice when you conduct online seminars or tutorials. If it's a free tutorial, then you can upload it, as Public. But when the tutorial is a paid one, you can upload it as Private and invite your pupils.
The next best situation for videos to make it private is for Video Resumes and portfolios. Video resumes are in trend. And obviously, you don't want the entire world to see it. In that case, you can upload your video resume to your channel in private and share it with your Employers only.
Apart from this, there are several organizational uses of Private videos. If there are new employees joining your company every now and then. you can't state the same instructions to everyone individually. Instead, you can create a separate video for that and share with the new ones accordingly.
So these are some of the situations where private videos are the best options you can think of. Now let's move ahead with more information on Private videos.
Since it's a detailed tutorial on youtube unlisted vs. private, It's my responsibility to give to complete information on youtube unlisted vs private videos. And in that order, the next part of the tutorial is to change the video Privacy to Private. Let's check it out.
How to change video Privacy to Private in Computer:
If you upload videos on Youtube via Computer, follow the below steps to change the video privacy to Private. I've covered the steps for both the ways i.e. changing the video privacy while uploading the videos. Also, the steps to change the video privacy to Private when the video is already uploaded.
Step 1. In order to upload a private video, just visit www.youtube.com and log in to your Google account. Now click on the upload option i.e. up-side arrow, located on the top right of your Youtube page. See the screenshot below to locate the option.
Step 2. On the next page, you will see a big upside arrow to upload the file. Click on the arrow and browse through the video file that you want to upload. Now, to upload the video as a private video, you can change its privacy via the little drop-down menu just beneath the arrow. A screenshot of the same is given below.
Step 3. If a video is already uploaded to your channel and you want to change its privacy later, you can do that too. For that, just go to your Video Manager. And find the video which you want to make private. And click the Edit option, below the video.
Step 4. Now move your cursor below the video and under Basic Info tab, change the video privacy to Private. And save the changes. Have a look at the screenshot below to locate the option more easily.
Now let's move ahead and check out how to make a video private on Android.
How to Change Video Privacy to Private on Android:
Making a video private on Android is also very easy. Below, I've given a quick overview of the steps. Let's check it out.
First of all, open Youtube app on your android phone. And login to your YouTube account.
Now tap the Account() option. And go to My videos.
Now scroll to find the video which you want to delete. Once done, just tap the menu icon () next to the video. You can take help from the below screenshot to locate the option.
4.Next, tap the Edit option. And in the Privacy drop-down menu, choose Private.
5. Save the changes and you are done.
How to share Private videos:
By far, you have understood, everything about Youtube Private Videos including its meaning, uses, and methods to upload a Private video. But now, I'll be walking you through steps to Share a Private video.
You can share a private video with anyone through an email address. Here's how to do it.
Go to your Youtube's creator studio, And find the video which you want to share, then click the option Edit.
Now under the Basic info tab, there is a little Share option, below the Privacy drop-down menu. Just click on that option. See the screenshot below to locate the option easily.
3. Now enter the email addresses of the people with whom you'd like to share the video. And click Save changes.
In the next moment, your friends and family members will get notified via an email about it with a link to the video.
Now let's move ahead to the last section of the youtube unlisted vs private video tutorial.
Part 3. Unlisted Youtube Videos.
The next important section of the youtube unlisted vs private videos is information on Unlisted Videos. So far, I've given you adequate information about youtube Public and private videos. Now it's time to throw some light on the most confusing Youtube privacy option i.e UNLISTED.
Have you ever come across a video that says "this video is unlisted"? or have you ever wondered what does unlisted video mean?? If so, here everything you need to know about Youtube Unlisted videos.
What is an Unlisted Video?
Unlisted video can be considered between public and private videos in terms of privileges. Unlisted videos are slightly different from the Private videos.
Where Private videos are completely inaccessible for the people without an invite, unlisted videos can be seen and shared by anyone with the link.
To watch the unlisted videos, you don't necessarily need to have a Youtube account. Anyone, who has the video link can watch it, share it and leave a response on it, in terms of likes, dislikes, and comments.
Like the Private videos, Unlisted videos also doesn't come up with the search results, video recommendations and to the subscribers feed. While uploading an unlisted video, your subscribers don't get notified about it, but you can add an Unlisted video to your channel section.
So these are some of the differences between youtube unlisted vs private videos. When a video is extremely private and you don't want anyone to see it other than your dear once, you can make it private. But when there is a video, which you don't want everyone to see, but the number of people to show the video exceeds 50, you can make it unlisted.
There are some conditions when Youtube Unlisted videos turn to be a handy option. Below are some of the situation where Youtube unlisted video is most useful.
Uses of Unlisted Videos:
When you want to hide unnecessary videos from showing up in your videos list.
When there are video contents that are exclusively designed to be embedded on your website. And you don't want any random person on Youtube to see it.
When you have created a video tutorial for your friends and family and not for everyone on Youtube.
How to Change Video Privacy to Unlisted:
There aren't any special steps to be followed to change video Privacy to unlisted. In fact, the same steps are applicable to changing the video Privacy to unlisted as mentioned in the second part of the tutorial. So there is no point in repeating the steps.
Instead move further and check out, how to share a video.
How to Share Unlisted Videos:
Now coming to my last section of the last part in youtube unlisted vs private tutorial i.e. steps to share an Unlisted Video.
But as said above, unlisted videos can be shared with anyone with just a link to the video. You can share an unlisted video over email, via your social media accounts, messaging etc. All you need to do is, just grab the link to the video from video manager and share with your desired people.
Here's how to do it.
Go to your Video Manager page.
Find the video you want to share, then click Edit.
Copy the Video URL and share it with anyone you wish to.
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So, it was a comprehensive tutorial on youtube unlisted vs private videos. Initially, all these terms sound really confusing. But all of the privacy options have their own significance. And they turn out to be handy in different circumstances.
I've tried my best to make you understand what's exactly the difference between youtube unlisted vs private. If you still have any doubts regarding any terms used in Youtube privacy, you can shoot your query in the comment section below.
But before you put your queries down below, just have a look at the below image. It's a summary image, which gives the clear vision about the difference between Youtube unlisted, private and public videos.
Ok, with this, I'm done with my part. And now it's your turn to let me know your take on the tutorial. Do let me know in the comment section below whether you found the tutorial helpful or not.
If it's helpful, Share it with the needy once. And If you have doubts, put your queries below. I'll try my best to reach out to as soon as possible.
Filed Under: Technology Tagged With: difference between private and unlisted, private vs unlisted youtube, this video is unlisted, unlisted vs private video youtube, unlisted vs private youtube, unlisted youtube videos, what is an unlisted youtube video, youtube private vs unlisted
About Jyoti Chauhan
Hi, It's me behind Updateland.com. I love to write about Blogging, Internet Marketing, making money online tips Wordpress Themes and various important SEO tools.
« Youtube Video Ideas: Only List That You Need
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Scott Bierko says:
Hi Jyoti,
If I were to make a video "unlisted" could I still use it as part of a Facebook post or Email ? I'm using Click Funnels to create advertisements with videos and my goal is for to have them be able to view the videos but for people who are visiting my YouTube channel to NOT be able to see it.
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text:
TBH Writing Pencil
Thomas B. Howard's body of work
For NYFW, on Sept. 10th, I walked for Couture Modeling Agency in collaboration with Marvelous Life Entertainment, promoting the work of 2 designers and raising breast cancer awareness.
Photo by https://www.instagram.com/debonairdigital/
I participated in a runway competition preceding NYFW and was a finalist.
All White Evening Wear
Swimsuit Half
Blue Jeans White Shirt
Swimsuit Full
From Oct. 1st-31st, my 2015 abstract piece "Shalt Not Lie" were in Urban Riche Gallery's "Abstraction" show as a finalist. This was a nice little drum roll for a new abstraction figure drawing I released shortly after, "From Obscurity ll"..
©2015 "Shalt Not Lie", 6 x 5″, standard writing pencil on paper, original abstract
"Danny" and "Mansion" were featured by Colors of Humanity Art Gallery in their "Black and White" exhibition. Promo launched on July 1st.
©2015 "Danny", 3.5 9.5″, standard writing pencil on paper, portrait.
Available on: ArtPal | Redbubble | Society6 | Etsy | Gumroad
© 2015 "Mansion", standard writing pencil on paper, 14″ x 8″, original
International Contemporary Artists
Two pieces of mine, "Carcass" and "Friend of Chief" have been featured in "International Contemporary Artists", vol. XI!
Previous volumes:
From June 3rd – July 16th, one piece of mine, "Carcass", was displayed in Converge Gallery of PA for an exhibition featuring modern portraiture.
©2014 "Carcass", 3 x 4″, standard writing pencil on paper, original
For the month of April, my piece, "Mansion", was featured in Urban Riche Gallery's "Black and White" exhibition as a finalist.
Gallery page!
From Feb 1st – 29th, my work was displayed in Urban Riche Gallery's "Portrait" exhibition, and was chosen for Featured Artist on a dedicated page with a Q&A style interview. For this competition, 86 entries were reviewed, with 4 Featured Artists chosen.
Featured Page + Interview!
Art Inter/National – Here and Abroad
From Jan 19th to March 4th, my pieces "Afterward" and "Carcass" were displayed at Boxheart Gallery's "Art Inter/National – Here and Abroad" exhibition, in Pittsburgh, PA.
Photos of the Exhibit:
Art Nation Basel
Three gentlemen of mine, "Petite", "Kingdom", and "Freedom" were displayed for the month of December!
Artist Pop Up show in NYC
From September 24th – 27th, four of my pieces, "Friend of Chief", "Carcass", "Soft", and "Cayouette" were displayed in SoHo. Sept 24th was the reception. Two enlarged prints were also displayed.
All Pictures from Opening Reception
Rochester Museum of Fine Arts 2015 Biennial
From June 6th to September 26th, a print of my piece, "Beach House" was displayed with 17 others in the Rochester Museum of Fine Arts, selected from over 300 global entries.
In conversation with the Best in Show Juror, Danielle Krysa, she said that she loved the piece and picked it as Runner Up.
Full Gallery and Press Release
Amsterdam Whitney Gallery "Mid Summer Night's Dream" Exhibition
Group Press Release
My Press Release
From July 19th – August 4th, seven of my pieces, "Friend of Chief", "Petite", "Freedom", "Contemporary Demonstration ll", "Contemporary Demonstration I", "From Obscurity", and "Beach House", were displayed at Amsterdam Whitney Fine Arts in NYC. June 25th was the ceremony.
Chait Galleries Downtown "Faces of Intensity" 2015 Exhibition
Prints of my portrait, "Friend of Chief", were displayed in IA.
Art Expo NY
Four of my pieces, "Beach House", "Canvas", "Carcass", and "Deluxe Cape", were displayed in the massive Pier 94 show from April 23rd – 26th for the 2015 Art Expo NY Fair.
World Wide LA Fair
Three of my pieces, "Freedom", "Soft", and "Beach House", were displayed in the Los Angeles World Wide Fair during the month of October.
Select Fair
Three of my pieces, "Beach House", "Contemporary Demonstration I", and "Contemporary Demonstration II", were displayed in the Altman building from May 7th – 11th for the 2014 NYC Select Fair.
4 North Main Gallery Solo Exhibition
Multiple pieces of mine were displayed in Southampton for the month of October in an intimate solo show.
August 31, 2015 September 14, 2017 thomasbernie Tagged art nyc, Artist, Artwork, exhibition, Fine arts	Leave a comment
Current or Upcoming Shows / Features
https://www.instagram.com/p/BaphBlTH4Aj/?taken-by=l3ehind
Soon, I'll be performing on a PBS show, "Celebration of Music". To STAY UPDATED with regards to this performance, please, use THIS link:
https://celebrationofmusic.com/los-angeles-san-bernardino-kvcr
More coming up soon! Stay in touch.
June 21, 2015 October 25, 2017 thomasbernie Tagged Art, art nyc, Artist, Artwork, exhibition, Fine arts	Leave a comment
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Charter Communications' use of giveaways, such as September's laptop-a-day offering, has increased Web traffic 87% when compared year over year, officials said.
Charter's Web site commonly experienced 3 million to 3.5 million visitors a month; the growth is on top of that traditional rate, according to Jim Gallagher, director of online e-commerce. The laptop giveaway attracted 5% more traffic in September than in previous Septembers.
Response to the giveaways has been enhanced by paying attention to the relevancy of the premium offer, added senior vice president of consumer marketing Barbara Hedges,. For instance, the laptop giveaway occurred during back-to-school time. A gas card giveaway this summer corresponded with family vacation time, she added.
Response to the offer is also boosted by the fact Charter established a presence on the Facebook and MySpace social-networking Web sites at the beginning of the year. Those sites, as well as information seeded into blogs, are helping to get out word of Charter's premium campaigns.
The operator will continue the strategy through the end of the year, at least. Subscribers can win a car with the current offer and in November, an Xbox a day is the giveaway.


Assassination of tourists, collapse of ropeway and miraculously prevented terror act have called into question the tourist attractiveness of the Elbrus region; however, prospects of another ski resort - the pre-Olympic Sochi - continue gaining momentum; "Edinaya Rossiya" failed to find any "fresh" candidates for heading Chechnya; refugees' active protests in Georgia brought ownership rights to them, - look these and other events in the review of the week of February 14-20, 2011, prepared by the "Caucasian Knot".
Late last week a series of tragic events occurred in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR), resulting in rapid escalation of the situation in the region; and the rest of many tourists in the area around Mount Elbrus became unsafe.
In the evening of February 18, an attack on a minibus (fixed-route taxi) in the KBR killed three persons - tourists from Moscow. On the next day, February 19, received information arrived about blowing up the cableway "Azau-Stary Krugozor" on Mount Elbrus. However, later a spokesman of the "Elbrustourist" stated that there was no explosion, and the reasons for the ropeway failure were bad weather and strong winds.
Also in the evening on February 19, in the Cheget Glade, near the hotel "Novy Povorot", a car stuffed with explosives was found. Fifty tourists were evacuated. Explosion specialists detected three bombs in the car with the total power of 70 kilos of TNT (trotyl) equivalent. They managed to de-mine the car without casualties or victims.
The above developments forced to introduce on February 20 the counterterrorist operation (CTO) regime in the Elbrus and Baksan Districts, which covered the following dwelling settlements: Tyrnyauz, Kendelen, Bedyk, Bylym, Tegenekli, Terskol, Elbrus, Neitrino, Verkhniy Baksan, Lashkuta, Zhankhoteko, Zayukovo, Atazhukino and Islamei. Special measures and temporary restrictions are in force there.
The population was recommended to "increase the level of vigilance, remain calm and restraint, stop panic moods, render necessary assistance to law enforcement bodies, show respect for the participants of the CTO, not to interfere and not to create difficulties to operative services, strictly follow the commands of the officers from the Headquarters and units involved in the CTO - people's lives may depend on this."
According to the Russian Union of Tourist Industry, after what happened last week in the region tourists began refusing to go to Kabardino-Balkaria on holidays and vacations. However, local tourism experts argue that the killing of tourists from Moscow and other incidents have not affected the number of tourists at rest in the Elbrus region.
SOCHI: IOC, PUTIN AND MEDVEDEV ARE HAPPY WITH "ROSA KHUTOR"
On February 18, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin watched the European Cup competitions in Alpine skiing, held on courses of the mountain ski centre "Rosa Khutor" in Sochi. Also, they met the officials of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) there.
As reported by Jean-Claude Killy, chairman of the IOC's Coordinating Commission, who visited Sochi in the context of the first test competitions held at the ski resort "Rosa Khutor", about 75 percent of the construction works at the objects of the 2014 Winter Olympics will be completed by the end of this year.
Mr Killy treated the construction pace of Olympic facilities in Sochi as "absolutely incredible." According to his story, 40 percent of the scheduled construction works are already completed; and by the end of 2011, the figure will reach some 70-75 percent. He also stressed that for the first time in the IOC history the Olympics were entrusted to the country, where 80 percent of the infrastructure was to be created from zero.
In his turn, Alexander Zhukov, President of the Russian Olympic Committee, said that the IOC's Commission had highly praised the organization level of the European Cup on Olympic courses in Sochi. Vladimir Putin also emphasized that the ski courses are not inferior of the best Alpine slopes in Swiss and Austria, the AP reports. He added that experts had assured him of that.
This week it has become known from Boris Gryzlov, Chairman of the Supreme Council of the "Edinaya Rossiya" (United Russia) Party and Speaker of the Russian Duma, about compilation of a list of candidates for the post of the head of the Chechen Republic, following the sitting of the Presidium of the General Council of "Edinaya Rossiya".
It is interesting to note that the present list of candidates presented by the Party is absolutely the same as four years ago. Then, it also included the names of Ramzan Kadyrov, incumbent head of Chechnya, Shaid Zhamaldaev, head of the Grozny Municipal District, and Muslim Khuchiev, Mayor of Grozny.
In accordance with the current legislation, the "Edinaya Rossiya" Party, which has a majority in the legislative bodies of Chechnya, was obliged to submit to Russian President at least three candidates for bringing to the local parliament for approval. The final word will be with the President of Russia. Following the submission of the list of candidates, the President has a fortnight for consideration and decision-making.
Last week the recently aggravated problem of refugees in Georgia remained in the spotlight. On February 17, Tbilisi hosted a meeting of NGO activists with the Minister for Matters of Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). However, no members of the Civil Movement of Refugees were admitted to the meeting. In response, the refugees, who were picketing the Ministry, where the meeting was held, tried to enter the door without permission.
Later last week it became known that the Ministry for Matters of Refugees and Accommodation of Georgia had provided housing facilities into ownership to 140 families. According to the Ministry, 140 refugee families (379 persons in total) are now living in the former hotel "Akademicheskaya", located in the Nutsubidze District in Tbilisi. Now, the state has granted this residential area to them as property, together with all the necessary supporting documents. Earlier, they had replaced the roof of the building, carried out its gasification and installed individual meters.
The Georgian authorities have promised that in the near future about 12,000 IDP families will get their living space into ownership and live peacefully until their return to Abkhazia.
"Week in the Caucasus: review of main events of February 7-13," "Week in the Caucasus: review of main events of January 31- February 6," "Week in the Caucasus: review of main events of January 24-30."


text:
Play for Peace in Afghanistan: One Child's Dream Come True
Posted in: Afghanistan, Omid Club
Fatima Ashari is a child living in the southern part of Afghanistan's Herat Province. She joined what would become Play for Peace's Omid Peace Club in March 2019, when Play for Peace was introduced to the Afghan community by a group of youth who received training in India.
"I found Play for Peace to be a unique tool for community engagement and participation," she said. "First it was difficult to gain community acceptance in order to launch and participate in Play for Peace sessions, but with the support of World Vision Afghanistan, we succeeded in convincing friends and family to participate."
When Fatima received permission to participate in the Play for Peace session, she was extremely happy. "My dream had come true—now I will be known as an agent of peace, which is the dream of all Afghan children," she said.
According to Fatima, Play for Peace was a great way not only to promote peace, but also to create participation and inclusion in her community through fun and games. The initiative was warmly received by the entire community, from the children all the way to the elders.
As an agent of peace in her community, Fatima uses Play for Peace games and activities to bring together families, as well as to produce smiles on the faces of Afghan children, who have suffered more than two decades of war and conflict in their communities.
"The children in my community were unfamiliar with the words peace, love, smile, laughter, and co-existence; they only knew of war, conflict, violence, and disputes," she said. "But now through Play for Peace sessions, they are joyfully participating, putting misunderstandings and disagreements behind in order to start a new life filled with peace."
Fatima really enjoys peace sessions, because she understands the reason behind Play for Peace and that the fun and enjoyment it creates is helping to unite and engage her community. Now they can turn to something that is free to do and requires few resources to bring smiles to the faces of Afghan children. It makes Fatima feel powerful and strong that her peace building efforts can change the lives of Afghan people, especially children, and that it is a step toward building a peaceful society.
"I really appreciate and thank the Play for Peace global network, which has helped bring hope to the lives of Afghan children," Fatima says.


Hello, my names Mikayla. I developed Anorexia three years ago at the age of 15. I spent six weeks in hospital for medical reasons and was then transferred to a residential treatment center for eating disorders. I spent three and a half months there, gaining weight. The program was intense but for me, it was one of the worst things that I've experienced. Before entering treatment, i had never in my life binged or purged. During my stay there i began feeling the intense, uncontrollable hunger that so often accompanies Anorexia recovery. I would go on my designated 15 minute passes to walk around and explore the hospital, but instead I made a beeline straight for the cafeteria or the coffee shop on the property. My usual order was a large hot chocolate, which for a freshly recovering Anorexic, was an INCREDIBLE indulgence. Id drink that down, fast. Then puke it up, fast. As i progressed in program, i was granted longer and longer passes, overnight, two, three, four days at a time. Four days of non stop eating. Sometimes puking, sometimes not. I managed to 'gain eight pounds' in three days. Looking back, i can see that this was in no way, all fat gain. The doctors in the program were impressed however. I was discharged much earlier than I probably should have been. The following months are hard to remember. Bingeing and purging totally took over every waking moment of my life. Its been two years now. I'm done with this black and empty excuse of a life that I've been in for too long. I'm done with the hospitals and the scales, the food, the shame and the depression. I am in line for a bed at a different residential treatment center right now. Early July will be when I have to make the final decision to go or not. I am going to do absolutely EVERYTHING in my power to beat this disease and stay out of treatment!! I feel like its real this time.


Weird Al Yankovic played the Enmore Theatre in Sydney on Saturday night to a packed crowd of chanting Weird Al fans. I got in the middle of them and found out that Al is more loved, by more people, of all ages than ever.
The dress code for the night was loud and the headgear; tinfoil.
Thanks to everyone for allowing me to accost them with my microphone, and to the man himself Al.


Front fender to frame bolt and nut set. Special small head carriage bolts, square stainless steel nuts and lock washers. Bolts lip of apron of the fender to the top rail of frame, covered by hood blocks. Complete set.


Our ongoing work to improve healthcare in Alaska includes offering periodic web training sessions to update providers on changes in the utilization management and case management processes. Qualis Health also hosts provider education conferences.
If you attended the event, you must fill out a brief survey in order to receive continuing education units. Once you complete the survey, we'll send your certificate within 4-6 weeks.
Case Managers: This program has been approved by The Commission for Case Manager Certification for 6.0 CE contact hours.
Nurses: This program is approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing for 5.0 contact hours.
The Alaska Medicaid 2018 Fall Provider Educational Session is sponsored by Qualis Health and the State of Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Division of Health Care Services.
Adobe Acrobat® PDF files can be viewed using Adobe Acrobat Reader. If you do not have Reader, you can get it free from the Adobe website.


text:
Art by Carmine Infantino.
Happy birthday, Flash (Barry Allen)
March 19, 2013 Anthony Media
"The Flash" #179 (May 1968). Art by Ross Andru.
According to the 1976 DC Calendar, today is Barry "The Flash" Allen's birthday.
The second of the three major Flash alter-egos, this is the "Silver Age" version, first appearing in "Showcase" #4 back in 1956, and lasting until Barry was killed off in 1985-86's "Crisis on Infinite Earths." However, for some reason, Barry was brought back a few years ago, and is now the Flash once more.
This came at the expense of replacing the post-Crisis Flash, his former "Kid Flash" sidekick Wally West. Wally had since built up a fan base of his own, especially among those who grew up with post-Crisis continuity. Thus, said fans weren't thrilled to see Barry come back to displace Wally.
I always liked Barry (he's the Flash I mostly grew up with). Still, I think DC's handling of multiple characters with the same superhero identity was done much more elegantly via their old multiverse system. There's also some controversy over how Barry and other older characters brought back in the 2000s to replace their own successors resulted in diversity problems in the DCU.
Birthdates/relevant dates
The rest of the Silver/Bronze Age Flash family's birthdays, and other relevant dates, are as follows:
Gorilla Grodd: January 13
Wally West (Kid Flash/Flash): January 16
The Top: January 22
Professor Zoom, the Reverse-Flash: February 18
Heat Wave: March 13 (oddly, not during the summer…)
The Trickster: March 23
Jay Garrick (the Golden Age Flash): April 3
Mirror Master (Sam Scudder): April 19
Captain Boomerang: May 19
The Weather Wizard: June 4
The Pied Piper: June 22
Iris Allen (née West): September 27
Barry's origin as the Flash: October 23
Abra Kadabra: November 22
Barry and Iris' anniversary: November 24
Captain Cold: December 11
Yes, I know, the villains' list was longer than the heroes' list! Also worth noting that two of the villains above are (will be?) born in the future. Abra Kadabra hails from Earth's 64th century, while the Reverse-Flash is from the 25th century.
Being fictional characters, their birthdates aren't completely set in stone, per the few alternate dates given for Superman's birthday. For instance, the 1997 graphic novel "The Life Story of the Flash" for some reason retconned Barry's birthday to May 13.
Unintended by the 1976 calendar writers, of course, but I note the Pied Piper's birthday falls during LGBT Pride Month. Hartley Rathaway (Piper's real name) came out as one of DC's first openly gay characters in the late 80s "Flash" books. After reforming, he soon became a friend of Wally, and made appearances through Wally's "Flash" book as an ally. Wikipedia states he's still reformed/openly gay in the "New 52," but now a friend of Barry's.
Finally, as for why this particular Flash picture with this post? It's the oldest paper comic in my collection, that's why! A 1968 "Flash" story where he winds up on "Earth-Prime" (aka the "real world") and needs help getting back to Earth-1.
(Updated 10/21/16)
Minorities in cartoons: Iceman
Minorities in cartoons: Superstretch and Microwoman
The 1960s Batman TV series will be released to home video in 2014
Barry Allenbirthdaycomics triviaDC ComicsJay GarrickThe FlashtriviaWally West
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Barry's birthday was retconned in The Life Story of the Flash. The canon date is now May 13.
JarrietFair says:
JarrietFair aka black Vulcan speaking. I love the flash and Barry Allen. To me Barry Allen is more a cop in central city. People say he's a police scientist who works in the crime lab.but let's give Barry and the flash both credit where credit is due. He fights crime to keep central city safe. And he does it in a flash. So here's to you Barry Allen happy birthday with best wishes.


War of the Rebellion: Serial 016 Page 0104 Chapter XXIV. OPERATIONS IN N. VA., W. VA., AND MD.
JULY 24-26, 1862.- Reconnaissance from Fredericksburg toward Orange Court-House, Va.
Numbers 1.- Brigadier General Rufus King, U. S. Army, commanding division.
Numbers 2.- Brigadier General John Gibbon, U. S. Army, commanding brigade.
Numbers 1. Reports of Brigadier General Rufus King, U. S. Army, commanding division.
Fredericksburg, Va., July 26, 1862 - 4.45 p. m.
I have just heard from our expedition. They arrived within 5 miles of Orange Court-House yesterday afternoon. Bivouacked there, and at daylight this morning advanced on the Court-House, driving in strong mounted pickets and following them to within 1 1/2 miles of the town. Satisfied from information there obtained that General Robertson was at the Court-House with two or more regiments of cavalry and perhaps a small force of infantry; that General Ewell with a large force of all arms was only 3 miles beyond, and that Jackson's force is strung along for 6 miles farther through Liberty Mills, General Gibbon, acting under my instructions, decided not to take his small force any farther. A 9 a. m. they were on their way home. General Gibbon says that he anticipates some pursuit, but is fully prepared. No man had hurt on our side. I will send detailed report of the reconnaissance as soon as General Gibbon returns.
Fredericksburg, Va., July 27, 1862 - 10.30 a. m.


text:
This repository contains functions which I wrote to reuse for some basic tasks related to computer vision or can be used in general .

Functions include:
# imwarp(markerImage, imageToEmbed, H, vector1)
This function warps an image onto another within corner points using the homography matrix H

INPUT PARAMETERS :

		   frame - image on which another image is to be warped

		   imgToEmbed - image to be warped on frame

		   H - Homography matrix

		   cornerPts - corner points on frame in which warped image will be embed

OUTPUT PARAMETERS:

	warpedImg - final image after warping

USAGE:

	warpedImg=imwarp( markerImage, imageToEmbed, H, vector1);

where vector1 is of meanpoints given in following format:

	vector1= [ meanPoints(1,1) meanPoints(1,2);meanPoints(2,1) meanPoints(2,2); meanPoints(3,1) meanPoints(3,2); meanPoints(4,1) meanPoints(4,2)];

# getIOU(pred_map,gt_map,get_other_scores)

this function computes IOU when given a prediction map and respective ground truth map for an image. Both pred_map and gt_map should be 2D binary maps. IOU is a common performance metric for evaluating results of Semantic Segmentation task.

INPUT:

	pred_map: a binary image prediction map
	gt_map: a binay image ground truth map
	get_other_scores: An optional flag which by default is zero.
	Returns Precision and Recall scores if set to 1.

OUTPUT:

	IOU: Intersection over Union score which should be a scalar number between the range [0,1].

# imresizeAll(path/to/src/folder, [nrows ncols], path/to/dest/folder )
This function resizes all images in a given folder to the desired size.
Default format for resized images is 'PNG'.

USAGE:

	imresizeAll('/home/aisha/input_images/',[224 224],'/home/aisha/output_images','JPG')

# removeEmptyFields(matfile)

This method removes empty structures from .mat file.

INPUT: struct with empty fields to be removed.

OUTPUT: cleaned struct without any empty rows.

	%% example:Input={{[],[]},{a,b},{b,c}}

	%% output={{a,b},{b,c}}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Buy Irises in White Vase by Igor Navrotskyi in Limited Edition Prints | Artlimes
Irises in White Vase, 2022
Igor Navrotskyi
Fine Art Paper 19.1 x 30.48 cm
Limited Edition 1 of 1
Navrotskyi
Paintings > Still Life
Navrotskyi has 7 Shows.
About Igor Navrotskyi
Igor Navrotsky is a professional artist working in the genre of figurative and abstract painting. He paints his works in a studio located in the picturesque region of Slovakia and in Vienna. Honorary Member of the Union of Artists of Slovakia Personal exhibitions: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020,2021.
Igor is constantly developing and improving his creative skills. In his pictorial essays, he opens the world of human emotions and experiences. At the junction of inspiration, creative experience and observation, his works are born. In them, he conveys subtle vibrations of emotions and sensations. By creating a gallery of female portraits, revealing female psychology through visual art.
The artist's works are in private and public collections in the USA, Austria, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Canada, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, Spain
MORE SELECTIONSFROM Navrotskyi
Pink Morning
Lady in White Hat
Pink Bow
MORE Still LifeSELECTIONS
After Hours XIII
João Bello
Emilia Milcheva
Sunflowers Blossom
Scent of flowers


text:
<?php

namespace CodeJet\Http;

use CodeJet\Http\Stub\MessageStub;
use CodeJet\Http\Stub\MockStream;

class MessageTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
    // Protocol

    public function testCanSetAndGetProtocolVersion()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();

        // Default Protocol Version
        $this->assertSame('1.1', $message->getProtocolVersion());

        $messageWithNewProtocol = $message->withProtocolVersion('1.0');
        $this->assertNotSame($message, $messageWithNewProtocol);
        $this->assertSame('1.0', $messageWithNewProtocol->getProtocolVersion());
    }

    /**
     * The PSR7 Docs don't say the withProtocolVersion() method can throw an exception
     * so this may get purged.?.
     *
     * @expectedException \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function testCanOnlySetValidProtocolVersions()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();
        $message->withProtocolVersion('invalid-protocol-version');
    }

    // Headers

    public function testGetHeadersWhenNoneAreSetReturnsEmptyArray()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();
        $this->assertTrue(is_array($message->getHeaders()));
    }

    public function testGetNonExistentHeaderReturnsEmptyArray()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();
        $missingHeader = $message->getHeader('this-header-does-not-exist');
        $this->assertTrue(is_array($missingHeader));
        $this->assertTrue(empty($missingHeader));
    }

    public function testGetNonExistentHeaderLineReturnsEmptyString()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();
        $missingHeaderLine = $message->getHeaderLine('this-header-does-not-exist');
        $this->assertTrue(is_string($missingHeaderLine));
        $this->assertEmpty($missingHeaderLine);
    }

    public function testGetHeaderLineReturnsCSVOfHeaderValues()
    {
        $message = (new MessageStub)
            ->withHeader('accept', 'text/html')
            ->withAddedHeader('accept', 'application/xhtml+xml');

        $this->assertSame('text/html, application/xhtml+xml', $message->getHeaderLine('accept'));
    }

    public function testCanSetHeader()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();
        $this->assertTrue(empty($message->getHeaders()));

        $messageWithHeaders = $message->withHeader('content-language', 'sw');

        $this->assertNotSame($message, $messageWithHeaders);
        $this->assertSame('sw', $messageWithHeaders->getHeader('content-language'));
    }

    public function testGetHeaderIsNotCaseSensitive()
    {
        $message = (new MessageStub())->withHeader('CONTENT-language', 'sw');
        $this->assertSame('sw', $message->getHeader('content-LANGUAGE'));
    }

    /**
     * PSR7 Spec states: While header names are not case-sensitive, getHeaders() will preserve the
     * exact case in which headers were originally specified...  So, 'withHeader' must need to replace
     * the stored case for the header name.
     */
    public function testWithHeaderReplacesStoredHeaderCase()
    {
        $message = (new MessageStub())->withHeader('CONTENT-language', 'sw');
        $this->assertTrue(key_exists('CONTENT-language', $message->getHeaders()));

        $messageWithReplacedHeader = $message->withHeader('content-LANGUAGE', 'sw');
        $this->assertTrue(key_exists('content-LANGUAGE', $messageWithReplacedHeader->getHeaders()));
        $this->assertFalse(key_exists('CONTENT-language', $messageWithReplacedHeader->getHeaders()));
    }

    public function testCanAddHeaderValue()
    {
        $message = (new MessageStub())
            ->withHeader('cookie', 'tastes=good')
            ->withAddedHeader('cookie', 'type=oatmeal');

        $cookieHeaders = $message->getHeader('cookie');
        $this->assertTrue((count($cookieHeaders) == 2));
    }

    public function testCanRemoveHeader()
    {
        $message = (new MessageStub())->withHeader('content-language', 'sw');
        $this->assertSame('sw', $message->getHeader('content-language'));

        $messageWithoutHeader = $message->withoutHeader('content-language');
        $this->assertNotSame($message, $messageWithoutHeader);
        $this->assertTrue(empty($messageWithoutHeader->getHeader('content-language')));
    }

    // Body

    public function testCanSetAndGetBody()
    {
        $message = new MessageStub();
        $this->assertTrue(is_null($message->getBody()));

        $mockStream = new MockStream();
        $messageWithBody = $message->withBody($mockStream);

        $this->assertNotSame($message, $messageWithBody);
        $this->assertSame($mockStream, $messageWithBody->getBody());
    }
}


text:
PREMIERE: SPLENDORE – "COME ONLINE"
The Italian multi-instrumentalist is back with brand new glitchy pop track.
Queer artist Splendore is something of a musical triple threat, not only known for singing but also DJing and producing in the Italian music scene.
His latest track is about finding solace in the endless possibilities offered up by the internet, a connection to the worldwide web. Adjacent to the bubblegum sweet sounds of London's PC Music collective, "Come Online" exudes a futuristic feel, one that kicks and squirms around digital synths and reverberated vocals like a bat out of hell. Sprinkled into the mix are doses of rock and spoken-rap, all served up in a musical cocktail that certainly packs a punch.
"I've suffered from depression for as long as I can remember," Splendore explains of the track. "I've always struggled to be myself. I've always found it easier to be with someone else or at least with my phone and Netflix account. Even there, I always felt uncomfortable."
"Come Online" echoes these experiences, channelling their pain and sadness into something happy and carefree. "Now I'm quite ok. I swear," Splendore jokes. "So, fun time."
Check out the song below…
Premiere: Ella M – "Myself"
Italian multi-hyphenate Splendore tackles heartbreak on twisted glitch-pop offering, "There's nothing of you anymore".
Meet Youngr, the multi-instrumentalist soundtracking everything from clubland to road trips.
Los Angeles-born, Berlin-based singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Simonne Jones drops provocative new track "Psycho Pretty Boy".
Irish multi-instrumentalist Cian Ducrot reflects on darker times with his new track "fucked up all the time".
London-based multi-instrumentalist Scott Quinn explores the painful experience of seeing the dark side of a lover in synth-laden hit "NIGHTMARE".
Premiere: Sundrift – "Outside" EP
Premiere: Bastien Keb – "Cashmere"
M MISSONI LAUNCH ONLINE UK STORE
Ethereal multi-instrumentalist Jimi Somewhere unleashes the epic video for woozy track "Jesus (feat. Kacy Hill)".
Jonasu is the German-born multi-instrumentalist giving us the tropical house renditions of the Spice Girls and Tove Lo hits we deserve.
Montreal-based artist Sara Diamond has us addicted to her brand new R&B tune "Sunday".
Afrobeats artist Young Paris releases his brand new summer tune "Sticks".
PREMIERE: Bright Future – "MIT DIR"
Meet Raphael Futura, the Italian-French producer soundtracking your summer.
East London singer and multi-instrumentalist James Smith drops the emotive visuals for new track "Say You'll Stay".
New Noise: Vagabon
MARQUES'ALMEIDA LAUNCH ONLINE STORE
HOOD BY AIR LAUNCH ONLINE STORE
Clément Leroux is the French singer, producer and multi-instrumentalist setting a new standard for musicians across the globe.


Welcome to the SRU Alumni Association! For over 100 years, we have offered programs and services for alumni – designed to keep the Rock Nation connected to each other and to SRU. From sporting events to happy hours, golf outings to reunions, we have an exciting year planned - be a part of it!
Curious to know how many alumni live in your city or state? Check out our new interactive alumni map! Search cities and states across the country to find Rock Alumni and get connected.
Joining provides benefits and discounts to you and your family while providing funding for alumni programming and student scholarships.
The ROCK is published three times annually by the Office of University Communication and Public Affairs for alumni and friends of the University.


Fresh creative standards were also set for the new Alpha® from the very beginning and a new expression of form was used that distinctly communicates the innovative strength of NETZSCH in the design as well. In place of the cast housing, external instruments and pipework there is a clear, dynamically-curved welded construction of heavy plating which also fulfills a load-bearing function.
The ergonomic design of the machine stand was a primary consideration during the development phase. The Alpha® has a self-supporting grinding chamber, which ensures good accessibility to the grinding area during operation and maintenance. Thanks to the ergonomic mounting of the grinding chamber, changing products is quite easy, especially on the smaller models.
The new Alpha® sets the standard when it comes to flexibility and handling and, thanks to its modularity, allows customer-specific solutions: different grinding systems can be mounted on one base stand – customized for the requirements of the product you need to process.
The advantage this modular system brings you is cross-system standardization and thus the option to economically convert a machine to a new grinding system. In addition, the Alpha® is also the platform for future NETZSCH technologies, which guarantees you long-term investment security.
The new NETZSCH Alpha® modular machine platform is designed such that four different grinding systems can be mounted on the same platform according to a defined drive capacity: the advanced disk grinding system, Discus, the Zeta® system with optimized grinding media separation, the new peg system, Macro and the new grinding system, Neos.
For maintenance and service as well as changing the grinding media, grinding beads must be collected and moved. It is also sometimes necessary for different grinding systems to be moved from or to the machine. With the flexible, multifunctional Alpha® Cart you have a tool that can be used for all of the different grinding systems to greatly simplify these tasks.
The integrated service tray holds the entire bead charge and prevents loss of grinding media during maintenance. The grinding tank and tank bottom can be removed without additional lifting equipment. Another advantage is that one service cart can be used for multiple machines.


Will computers repeat the failure that older technologies (e.g., film, radio, and television) experienced concerning educational applications of technology? A simple question seems to be helpful for us to gain more insight on this issue: "Why do teachers need to use technology in their classrooms? To answer this question, first of all, the general expectations that people have for computers in education are examined. Then, a summary of the failures regarding educational uses of technologies are provided and analyzed. Next, the question of whether computers can escape the same fate as film, radio, and television is examined. Finally, a conclusion is presented that computers can bring great changes to classrooms in the next decade, but improper enthusiasm must be discouraged. To a great extent, the passion for computers can be managed by a more realistic research agenda. The paper concludes with recommendations for development research and design-based research.
Wang, F. & Reeves, T.C. (2004). Why Do Teachers Need to Use Technology in Their Classrooms? Issues, Problems, and Solutions. Computers in the Schools, 20 (4), 49-65. Retrieved April 19, 2019 from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/93329/.


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At the Antambahoaka, one of the 18 ethnic groups in Madagascar, twins are considered damned souls. They were once killed; nowadays, they are abandoned, following the tradition, "otherwise, they would bring bad luck on the family". In Mananjary, on the East coast of the island, an orphanage and foster centre for abandoned twins (Catja) was founded in 1987. Malik Nejmi met these children there, took photographs of them; he heard their story and those of Juliette, Grace and Julie, who take care of these boys and girls rejected by their community.


text:
Lofts on Lemon progressing
Sarasota Housing Authority applies for site plan's approval
Chris Wille
chris.wille@heraldtribune.com
The Lofts on Lemon affordable-housing project took another major step forward with the submission of an application for administrative site plan approval, the city of Sarasota said Wednesday.
The Sarasota Housing Authority's plan to build a five-story, multifamily structure with 130 units is designed to help alleviate downtown's scarcity of inexpensive housing.
Lofts on Lemon will sit on three acres in the Rosemary District bounded by Cohen Way, Lemon Avenue, Ninth Street and condos to the south. Groundbreaking is expected later this year.
Sarasota Housing Authority CEO William Russell called the site "the last opportunity for affordable and workforce housing in the downtown area."
Sarasota City Commissioner Hagen Brody put Lofts on Lemon in a broader perspective. "I'm sure the workforce housing conversation will continue, but putting bricks on the ground and roofs over the heads of those that want to live in the community they serve is one of my highest of priorities," he said. "I think this project is a huge step in the right direction and could be a blueprint for the future."
The site plan is scheduled to be considered Feb. 6 at a meeting of the Development Review Committee.
The application was filed Dec. 28, just before the expiration of the Rosemary Overlay District, which allowed 75 units per acre as opposed 25 units per acre.
The project would add 76 units of affordable housing and 54 units of workforce housing to downtown with a street address of 851 N. Lemon Ave.
The workforce apartments are aimed at "hometown heroes," such as teaching, nursing, law enforcement, fire/EMS and other professionals who serve the community in essential positions but lack the income to live close to where they work. The 54 units are reserved for them, Russell said Wednesday, and are for families earning under the median income of $70,000. Their rent for two-bedroom, 1,080-square-foot apartments would be $1,266 per month.
The affordable housing apartments are designed for families of three with incomes of less than $37,980 per year, or 60 percent or below of the area's median income. Their rent for the same size apartments would be $949 a month.
The development also will include a public park of about one acre.
The surface parking lot has around 123 spaces.
"The community park and 'Hometown Hero' units included in this application will be an exciting addition to the Rosemary District," Brody said. "Most importantly, the application submission secures the increased density the rosemary district zoning overlay offers which makes this project even possible."
In its application, the housing authority included a proposal for a future Phase 2, though it has not asked for its approval yet. That plan adds a second five-story building with 65 units and a parking deck over a portion of the surface lot that would add approximately 65 vehicle spaces.
Project partners include public entities, private interests and one of the region's largest foundations.
The Charles & Margery Barancik Foundation invested a $1 million grant in the project with a commitment to designate 15 apartments for Sarasota County School District teachers and a second $1 million grant for 15 more apartments for teachers and other professionals. Those donations will help leverage $30 million in financing for the entire development.
The city of Sarasota pledged $3 million for the project in October 2017.
"We are most appreciative of the funding committed to this critical development by the city of Sarasota and Charles and Margery Barancik Foundation," Russell said.
Plus, he cited the Florida Housing Finance Corp. Board's decision to grant the project "very competitive" tax credits. The housing authority and its development partners won 9 percent Low Income Housing Tax Credits "that we expect to be able to sell to investors to raise over $14 million in equity to help build the 76 affordable apartments," Russell said.
The development partners are Gardner Capital, an affordable housing and renewable energy developer, investor and tax credit syndicator, and Duvernay + Brooks, a New York-based developer of and financial consultant to affordable and mixed-income housing initiatives.
"We are still trying to raise the final $2 million for the development," Williams said.


Just Because Flowers Delivery Agoura Hills CA - Sunshine Florist Inc.
You don't need a reason to make someone smile! Surprise someone special with a bouquet from Sunshine Florist Inc.. From romantic roses to modern arrangements, we've got it all! We can even deliver your bouquet nationwide or locally to Agoura Hills, CA.


Buying media today is like the wild, wild west. There are no rules. You need a firm that can guide you through the unknown—steer you away from danger—and blaze new trials. Working closely with our clients, we plan, negotiate and manage your media buying interests across numerous media channels.
Your marketing message needs to be proactively delivered to the right audience, at the right time, at the right place with consistency and frequency. To accomplish this, we are constantly meeting with media representatives to learn the latest and most effective ways to reach your audience. Whether it's traditional or digital marketing, your media buy is professionally planned, negotiated, managed and measured by Apple Box Studios.
Have a plan. Work a system. Reach a goal.
Our comprehensive marketing plans include detailed production and delivery schedules & budgets, touch point inventories & innovation, collateral requirements and, of course, baseline metrics to measure progress moving forward.
Over the years, Apple Box Studios has worked for a number of large to mid-size companies, creating a wide variety of multifaceted communication plans and campaigns. This experience has taught us a few very important lessons with regard to planning and execution. #1 Time is money. Don't over plan. Keep things moving, but do it today. #2 Test, measure and make a decision. But do it today. #3 The marketing plan goes out the window on day one. Adapt. Improvise. Overcome. #4 Buy Your mother flowers on YOUR birthday, not hers.
Know your audience & your aim.
From consumer focus groups to full-blown market research initiatives, we provide the insight necessary to make the most of your marketing communication efforts. Apple Box Studios offers top-tier market research and customer insight through our preferred partner, Campos Inc. of Pittsburgh. Founded in 1986 as a full-service market research company, Campos provides a complete spectrum of marketing and business planning services to clients.
In addition to its extensive expertise in qualitative and quantitative research, its key strengths include deep-dive data analytics, syndicated research, secondary research—including market, trends and competitive analysis—and synthesis and strategy. Campos also offers the top-rated focus group facility in Pittsburgh, featuring two suites with full amenities.


text:
        PHP-FPM 5.6 is running on port 9000
        PHP-FPM 7.1 is running on port 9001

Enable specific version on your vhost file

        include /etc/nginx/sites_conf/common_php71.conf;
        include /etc/nginx/sites_conf/common_php56.conf;

### Find out PHP version

    php56 -v
    php71 -v

### PHP.ini path

    /etc/opt/remi/php71/php.ini
    /opt/remi/php56/root/etc/php.ini

### Search for available PHP modules

    sudo yum --enablerepo=remi-php71 search mongo
    sudo yum --enablerepo=remi-php71 search cassandra

### Install Aditional PHP module

    sudo yum -y --enablerepo=remi-php56 install php56-php-pecl-xdebug
    sudo yum -y --enablerepo=remi-php71 install php71-php-pecl-xdebug

### PHP 5.6 Systemctl

    sudo systemctl start php56-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl status php56-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl stop php56-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl restart php56-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl enable php56-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl disable php56-php-fpm

### PHP 7.1 Systemctl

    sudo systemctl start php71-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl status php71-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl stop php71-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl restart php71-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl enable php71-php-fpm
    sudo systemctl disable php71-php-fpm


text:
The Post K computer, a next-generation supercomputer tasked with solving some of the world's most pressing problems, is being developed by Japan's RIKEN Center for Computational Science
In June 2011, Japan's K computer became the world's fastest supercomputer, achieving a speed of over 8 petaflops — or 8 quadrillion (8 million billion) operations a second. In November the same year, the K computer — a play on the Japanese word kei (京), which means 10 quadrillion — attained speeds exceeding 10 petaflops, and in 2012 started full-scale operation. It has since been used to solve problems from estimating damage by earthquakes and tsunamis to discovering new drugs.
Led by the RIKEN Center for Computational Science (R-CCS) in partnership with Fujitsu, the Flagship 2020 Project was launched by the Japanese government in 2014. It was tasked with developing the Post K computer, a next-generation supercomputer that will boast as much as 100 times the performance of its predecessor.
"With the Post K computer, we're aiming to boost computing capabilities by orders of magnitude," explains Satoshi Matsuoka, the director of the R-CCS and Japan's foremost authority on supercomputers. "We're also striving to provide enhanced ease of use and synergy with other information technology ecosystems, such as big data and artificial intelligence."
Japan's flagship centre for high-performance computing and the developer of the K computer, R-CCS is one of the world's leading research centres for supercomputers, which have become essential tools in modern scientific research.
Matsuoka sees the future direction for high-performance computing research at R-CCS as "the science of computing — computing itself as a scientific target of investigation; science by computing, focused on applications that use the high-performance capabilities of supercomputers; and science for computing, to explore how other scientific disciplines can contribute to the development of advanced supercomputers."
Scheduled to begin full operation in 2021, the Post K computer will tackle priority areas across a range of social and scientific fields.
Comprising hundreds of thousands of central processing units — electronic circuits that perform the instructions encoded in computer programs — that work in parallel to execute hundreds of quadrillion calculations a second, the Post K computer will also be more energy efficient, with advanced software that will allow a wide range of users to access its capabilities.
"This will allow us to address a broader range of problems by using the Post K computer in new and innovative ways," says Matsuoka. "We see the Post K computer becoming an essential tool for solving problems in the areas of bioscience, disaster preparedness, energy security, environmental issues and manufacturing."


text:
News Sports Business Opinion Tribal News Obituaries eNewspaper Legals Life
Horror film 'Host,' about haunted Zoom call, captures 'the mood of lockdown,' critics say
Charles Trepany
If the coronavirus pandemic was your only worry during quarantine, "Host" may make you reconsider.
Available on the streaming service Shudder, the horror film, directed remotely by Rob Savage and shot in actors' homes, follows a group of friends who decide to hold a séance on Zoom during coronavirus lockdown and end up conjuring an evil spirit. "Host" currently boasts a perfect 100% freshness rating on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes.
But how scary can a film that takes place on Zoom actually be?
Though its premise may sound wacky, most critics agree: "Host" serves serious frights.
USA TODAY's Brian Truitt praised the film for its innovative take on the found-footage format.
"Lean and mean at under an hour, the movie deftly tweaks the found-footage formula and nicely plays on our already frayed nerves," he wrote.
According to the New York Times' Kyle Turner, the film's premise about a demon unleashed via Zoom call "seems to speak to a collective id" and serves as "an analogy for mourning the recent past."
"'Host' observes uncannily the supernatural, ephemeral, and material worlds colliding together, gesturing toward an uncertain future," he wrote. "This concise, entertaining spin on the ghost story proposes that maybe the modern world is a haunted house now."
What to stream this weekend: World War II drama 'Summerland,' Katie Holmes' 'The Secret' movie
Through the Trees' Katherine McLaughlin agreed that the film effectively plays on people's pandemic anxieties.
" 'Host' captures the mood of lockdown and the present moment in time where everyone is trying to put on a brave face, but as things get increasingly worse it becomes difficult to hold it all together," she wrote.
Though he called the film's premise "absurd," The Guardian's Benjamin Lee noted that the characters in "Host" react and behave in believable ways.
100 things to do while stuck inside due to a pandemic
"In the world of the film, the virus does exist but, believably at this stage, it's rarely commented on – a mask here, a joke about coughing there – and while there might be a few too many 'lemme go investigate that noise' moments, the interplay between the actors feels real, as if we were actually watching a group of friends facing supernatural dangers," he wrote. "It's this concerted effort to really sell what's happening that allows us to forgive a few of the sillier moments."
Substream Magazine's Murjani Rawls praised the movie's ability to build tension, calling "Host" an "effective, tight, and spooky affair."
"As with the pandemic, many of us may feel alone and melancholy," he wrote. "The dark corner in the hallway is even more intensified because you've been by yourself for so long. This movie could have easily just focused on that aspect. Instead, it recognizes this and places that idea in the wheelhouse of horror. There's something that you can't explain attacking your friends and for the most part, you can't get to them."
'Contagion' medical adviser Dr. Ian Lipkin has coronavirus: 'If it can hit me, it can hit anyone'
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