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New Product Launch
"SEAFLO NEO SL M" with the Latest Silyl Methacrylate Antifouling Technology
We are pleased to announce the release of the ultra-low friction, hydrolysis antifouling "SEAFLO NEO SL M" with the latest silyl methacrylate antifouling technology from January 2022.
In 1995 CMP launched the original silyl acrylate antifouling under the brand SEA GRANDPRIX to replace TBT antifouling coatings without sacrificing antifouling performance. SEA GRANDPRIX quickly became the first product of its kind widely applied for shipbuilding and dry-dockings for maintenance.
In 2011 CMP introduced SEAFLO NEO SL providing a low friction technology. Then in 2014, CMP further introduced the new generation of silyl methacrylate antifouling, SEAFLO NEO SL Z, a premium grade addition to CMP's antifouling portfolio which utilizes a binder of tri-isopropyl silyl methacrylate, "TIPSMA", a polymer formulated to further control the leach rate of the active ingredients and enhance ultra-low friction performance. To date, SEAFLO NEO SL Z has been applied to more than 800 ships for newbuildings and drydock repair projects.
The antifouling surface built by "TIPSMA" technology provides for a minimal average leach layer under all operation conditions including high seawater temperatures and low activity, continuously renewing itself by a controlled self-polishing mechanism allowing for ultra-low friction and antifouling protection over a longer period of time.
Today, with more than 25-year experience of silyl antifouling technology, we are proud to introduce the newest addition to our TIPSMA antifouling range, for which less than 2.5% average speed loss can be expected to achieve 7.5% reduction of CO2 emission over a 60-month operational period (utilizing ISO 19030*).
Available at the end of 2021, SEAFLO NEO SL M is designed for use on a wide variety of ships and features;
TIPSMA based antifouling
Ultra-low friction Technology, low Friction Increase Ratio (FIR**) of 1.5%
Expected maximum average speed loss of 2.5% for 60 months
Excellent static performance up to a 30-day single idle period
Capable of up to 90-month service
SEAFLO NEO SL M is available for both newbuildings and drydock repair projects. It is designed to maintain antifouling performance for a long period of time regardless of the type of a ship, and can be expected to reduce CO2 emitted from ships.
CMP will continue to develop products that can meet the demands of our customers and contribute to improving the performance of ships and reducing their impact on the environment.
*ISO 19030 is an international standard for "Ship and Marine Technology – Measurement of Changes in Hull and Propeller Performance".
**FIR is an indicator developed by CMP in collaboration with the National Maritime Research Institute and Tokyo University of Science to estimate friction resistance.
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NEW YORK "December 10, 2012 Capital Access Network, Inc. (CAN), a next-generation small business finance provider, has announced the creation of a digital team as part of its commitment to technology innovation and connecting small businesses to the working capital they need to grow. The digital team's first initiative is to launch CapTap, which is CAN's new online lending engine that will transform traditional small business finance. CapTap removes friction from the financing process, providing a simplified experience for small businesses with its data-driven lending platform that provides access to capital based on business performance, not just credit scores.
CAN's digital team is led by Eric Burd who serves as CapTap's vice president and general manager. Mr. Burd brings nearly two decades of product management and development experience to CAN. He joins CAN from recruitment network TheLadders, where he served as vice president of product and oversaw overall product strategy and development for the company's business-to-business and business-to-consumer subscription services. Prior to TheLadders, Mr. Burd served as vice president, product marketing and management for SchoolNet (acquired by Pearson), where he was the recipient of three CODIE awards, the first product award in the company's history. He has also held positions at HP and Apple Computer CIS Russia. He holds a MBA from Columbia Business School and a B.A. from the University of Colorado.
CAN also welcomes additional members to its digital team, including Daniel Flax, who will serve as vice president of engineering; Jodi Leo as vice president of design; and Inna Kurbatsky as director of digital marketing.
Mr. Flax has served in financial and information systems engineering for over 15 years. He served as chief information officer at TheStreet and at Cowen and Company prior to joining the digital team. Mr. Flax also worked as managing director of Trading Systems at NYSE Euronext, where he led the technology transition to Hybrid Market. He earned a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Columbia University.
Ms. Leo brings over a decade of product design expertise to the digital team. She served as director of innovation at Fidelity Investments, where she was awarded a patent for designing a simplified web application for millions of workplace investors. Following Fidelity, Ms. Leo served as director of user experience both at digital agency, Barbarian Group, and prior to its Facebook acquisition, Bolt | Peters research and design company. She is the founder of an artist's residency program, a product mentor at TechStars NY, and a professor at the School of Visual Arts MFA in Interaction Design. She has a B.A. in Fine Arts and English from Georgetown University.
Ms. Kurbatsky brings significant expertise in digital and social marketing, thought leadership, and financial services to lead customer acquisition for digital initiatives. Her specialty in customer acquisition started at Datek Online, where she acquired 50 percent of the company's brokerage customers with pioneering digital marketing strategies. Following Datek, Ms. Kurbatsky managed e-commerce marketing at Reuters and CRM marketing at E*TRADE Financial. Most recently she directed strategic marketing at The Energy Project, a consultancy founded by New York Times-bestselling business author Tony Schwartz. Ms. Kurbatsky has a B.S. in Business Administration from The State University of New York at Buffalo.
Since 1998, Capital Access Network, Inc. (CAN) has provided small businesses access to $2.5B in working capital through its subsidiaries, NewLogic Business Loans, Inc. and AdvanceMe, Inc. CAN's award winning technology platform automatically evaluates a multitude of business performance variables by integrating big data from firmographic, banking, and credit card processing sources with proprietary risk models built from over 100,000 transactions over multiple business cycles in over 650 SIC codes. This enables CAN to have unparalleled insight into the strength of the business and provide access to capital based on business performance rather than personal credit scores of the business owners. CAN also supports small business finance providers desiring more finance options for their own customers in the U.S. and internationally. All business loans obtained through CapTap and NewLogic Business Loans are made by WebBank, a Utah-chartered Industrial Bank, Member FDIC. Learn more at CapTap.com and CapitalAccessNetwork.com.


The Balenciaga fashion house is one of the founding fathers of modern luxury fashion. Created almost 100 years ago, in 1919, by Spanish designer Cristóbal Balenciaga, in the past century the brand has often set the bar for women's high fashion.
The son of a seamstress, Balenciaga initially opened three boutiques across Spain, and his designs adorned the Spanish royal family and aristocracy. Then, the Spanish Civil War forced him to close shop, yet it turned out to be strange stroke of luck. He moved to Paris, where he opened a couture house and took part in his first runway show.
Success came quickly in Paris. He was hailed as a "fashion revolutionary" and the "architect of haute couture". Christian Dior denoted him "the master of us all", thanks to an inventiveness that had not been witnessed before in the world of fashion. He introduced "semi-fit" dresses dissimilar to anything on the market. He became renowned for this signature modern-feminine style—loose-fitting dresses and coats.
A highly original designer, he widened shoulders and waists—creating the modern tunic dress, the famous cocoon coat, and the infamous sack dress. The ultra-modern shapes continued with bubble "balloon" skirts, funnel gowns, and the square coat. Indeed, his major contribution to fashion was his creation of a new silhouette for the modern women.
Not just in shapes, but in fabrics too—Balenciaga sought out innovation. Favouring heavy fabrics such as stiff satin with intricate embroidery, his designs often looked more like sculptures than items of fashion—always on the edge of fashion pushing the boundaries. His trademarks were his odd and unique touches—stand-out collars.
In fact, he was so renowned that customers risked their own safety to see his outfits during WWII. A favourite of rich and important people, Balenciaga's designs adorned Pauline de Rothschild, Mona von Bismark, and Jacqueline Kennedy. Throughout the years, Balenciaga also heavily inspired the world of fashion. Designers who worked for him created their own fashion houses—Oscar de la Renta and Givenchy. In 1968, he closed the fashion house, and in 1972 he left this mortal coil.
The House of Balenciaga was also buried until 1986, when Jacques Bogart S.A. revived the brand with a new ready-to-wear collection called Le Dix. Over the years, designers came and went—Michel Goma, Josephus Thimister, Nicolas Ghesquière, and Alexander Wang. After a slumber, the brand was back, and these head designers reinstated the brand's high-fashion status.
These designers took a fresh take on Balenciaga's designed and bought the brand into this century. They retained the minimal and avant-guarde feel, and Cristóbal's signature square loose-fitting style dresses and coats, but they took a sporty turn in 1992, designing the French team's clothing for the Olympics, and didn't look back from there.
They remain favorites of celebrities, models, and fashion icons—but those of the new age: Chloë Sevigny, Stephanie Seymour, and Sienna Miller. Balenciaga's new designer is former Louis Vuitton man Demna Gvasalia, who embodies Balenciaga's passion for "creative fashion" and architectural designs.
Nowadays, the brand is most famous for its handbags, especially the motorcycle-style "Lariat"—an unmistakably Balenciaga item—looking old yet somehow new. These luxury bags are characterized by their range of colors—from their classic petrol blues to this season's neon yellows to hot pinks. From their signature hi-top sneakers with wide laces to their sport-look outfits, they have retained the simplicity and drama that Cristóbal created but with a modern twist.


4 sprigs Fresh Thyme, leaves stripped from stem.
Take lamb out of refrigerator and let sit at room temperature for 90 minutes.
In a blender, puree olive oil and next four ingredients until a paste forms.
Wipe any moisture from leg with paper towels and rub the herb paste all over the meat.
Put the lamb on the rack and roast for 15 minutes. Lower the temperature to 325 degrees.
Temperature at the most center of the roast. When the lamb reaches 125 degrees in the center of the roast, remove from the oven and cover it, still in the roasting pan, for only 15 minutes.
Move the roast to a cutting board, remove the ties, and slice for serving.


Pomfret, Vermont was settled by men from Pomfret, Connecticut who found evidence of a terrific hurricane. There are several bed and breakfast inns located in Pomfret. Also in Pomfret is the Suicide Six Ski Area.
To share any Pomfret, VT information, contact us. Learn more about advertising in VTLiving.


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Джон Фле́тчер Дже́ллико (; , , Ирландия — , , Великобритания) — британский яхтсмен, серебряный призёр летних Олимпийских игр 1908.

На Играх 1908 в Лондоне Джеллико соревновался в классе 12 м. Его команда дважды приходила к финишу второй, заняв в итоге 2-е место.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Джон Джеллико на sports-reference.com

Яхтсмены Великобритании
Бронзовые призёры летних Олимпийских игр 1908 года
Яхтсмены на летних Олимпийских играх 1908 года

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


It is hypothesized that dietary supplementation with Fenugreek modulates glucose homeostasis and potentially prevents diabetes mellitus in people with prediabetes. The objective of present study is to determine whether Fenugreek can prevent the outcome of T2DM in non diabetic people with prediabetes.
A 3-year randomized, controlled, parallel study for efficacy of Fenugreek (n = 66) and matched controls (n = 74) was conducted in men and women aged 30–70 years with criteria of prediabetes. Fenugreek powder, 5 g twice a day before meals, was given to study subjects and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was monitored at baseline and every 3 months for the 3-year study.
By the end of intervention period, cumulative incidence rate of diabetes reduced significantly in Fenugreek group when compared to controls. The Fenugreek group also saw a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) whereas serum insulin increased significantly. It was observed that controls had 4.2 times higher chance of developing diabetes compared to subjects in the Fenugreek group. The outcome of diabetes in Fenugreek group was positively associated with serum insulin and negatively associated with insulin resistance (HOMA IR).
Dietary supplementation of 10 g Fenugreek/day in prediabetes subjects was associated with lower conversion to diabetes with no adverse effects and beneficial possibly due to its decreased insulin resistance.
An epidemic of diabetes threatens the health of a large number of individuals in developed and developing countries alike . Recent data from the USA indicate that the prevalence of prediabetes is 34.6 %, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is 19.4 %, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is 5.4 % and that of IFG and IGT is 9.8 % in the adult population . The epidemic of prediabetes is likely to compound the existing diabetes crisis as many individuals with IGT will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the future. It is estimated that approximately 316 million people worldwide are with IGT and this is predicted to rise to 471 million by 2035. According to the estimates of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2013, India alone has 65.1 million people living with diabetes; this places India second to China . Plants provide an excellent source of drugs and a large proportion of currently-available drugs have been either derived directly or indirectly from plant sources. Present literature suggests the existence of more than 800 plants that may possess hypoglycemic activity . The use of medicinal plants in most developing countries, as a normative basis for the maintenance of good health, has been observed extensively. There is a growing global interest in herbal and other forms of traditional medicine .
An effective strategy to restrict global impacts of T2DM is by limiting the number of prediabetics . It's our focus to identify new effective therapeutic agents, with relatively low cost and low toxicity that can be used regularly to control a progression of T2DM in the prediabetic population. Thus, dietary supplements that can modulate glucose homeostasis and potentially improve lipid parameters would be desirable. Although numerous herbs are reported to possess antidiabetic activity, a significant amount of research and traditional usage suggests that Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenumgraecum) are among the best in terms of safety and efficacy . Seeds of Fenugreek are a rich source of fiber and have multiple benefits in patients with diabetes . Research in the past two decades has shown that Fenugreek seeds help to lower blood glucose in patients with diabetes. Its role as an antidiabetic, by reducing fasting blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance in human subjects was reported . Fenugreek is currently available as a nutraceutical with claims to reduce hyperglycemia .
Patients, who already manifest abnormalities of glucose handling, could benefit from a low-risk, inexpensive, food-based intervention aimed at normalizing their metabolic milieu. From the literature it is observed that Fenugreek is a dietary supplement that may hold promise in this regard. Though the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Fenugreek were evaluated in animal and human models with T2DM , no study has been reported in prediabetics. The present study assesses the ability of Fenugreek to prevent T2DM in prediabetics having IGT/IFG. The objective of present study is to determine whether Fenugreek can prevent the outcome of T2DM in non diabetic people with prediabetes. If pharmacotherapy for prediabetes is initiated, it is important to realize that any therapy will require a long-term commitment by both subject and provider. In addition, it is important to review with the patient that there are limited data demonstrating the long-term health benefits of pharmacological intervention compared with lifestyle intervention . Therefore the present Fenugreek interventional study was carried out for a period of 3 years.
The institutional ethics committee reviewed and approved the research protocol and the informed consent vide review letter No. IRB/NIMS/080/2010. It is also confirmed that the ethics committee of Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences is constituted and functions as per Good Clinical Practice guidelines issued by Central Drug Standard Control Organisation and Ethical guidelines for Biomedical research on Human subjects, issued by Indian Council of Medical Research.
The proposed study was carried out in the Diabetes Day Care Center of the University Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. The research protocol and the informed consent was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences University, Hyderabad, India.
Men and women aged between 30–70 years with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 19 kg/m2, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 100–125 mg/dl (IFG) (or) post 75 g oral glucose load, plasma glucose (oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT) 140–199 mg/dl (IGT) and those who were willing to give informed consent form were included in the study. Type 1 diabetes subjects, those who were taking drugs that could alter glucose tolerance, whose fasting triglycerides (TG) were >400 mg/dl, those who had a history of cancer or any major illness of the liver, kidney and central nervous system and women who were pregnant, breast feeding or planning a pregnancy during the course of the study were excluded from the study.
A single blinded (subjects were blinded to allocation), 3-year follow-up of randomized controlled trial of Fenugreek in 66 control and 74 study (Fenugreek) subjects was initiated in nondiabetic people with prediabetes (Fig. 1 and Tables 1 and 2). The proposed study design included investigation of long-term intake of Fenugreek intervention in persons with prediabetes. Study subjects and matched-controls were selected and monitored once in every 3 months, for identifying study-specific changes during and after study period.
All subjects in control as well as study groups were given similar instructions of physical activity and diet (adaptation of standard life style measures advised were, on dietary modification appropriate for weight and activity, weight reduction as necessary and exercise/physical activity for at least 30 minutes every day for a minimum of 5 days every week). Control and study subjects were counseled once in 3 months with advice on appropriate lifestyle and dietary practices.
After steps of consenting, screening, and diet and lifestyle training, all subjects were randomly assigned to either the Fenugreek group or control group using a fixed randomization scheme with assignment based on computer-generated random numbers performed by an independent researcher. The allocation scheme was sealed in opaque and consecutively numbered envelopes. Envelopes were opened sequentially by the independent person.
The use of Fenugreek has been limited by its bitter taste and pungent odor. Isolation of biologically active components or production of a debitterized extract, which would allow greater use of the plant, has been investigated . Debitterized, defatted and deodorized Fenugreek fiber with vitamins, minerals and amino acids was supplied (single batch) by SMS Pharmaceuticals limited (Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India). The compound was in the form of a fine powder. Fenugreek powder (debitterized and processed) 5 g twice a day, was given to the subjects along with 200 ml of water half an hour before meals and they were asked to follow the same dosage regime up to the end of study. Number of Fenugreek packs supplied to and returned by the subjects at the follow-up visit was reported to calculate the compliance of study medication. Efficacy parameters were assessed at each visit.
Measurements were made at baseline (before treatment) and once in every 3 months during the study period. Demographic data was recorded at the baseline; a questionnaire on medical history and medication was administered, and body weight, height, and vital signs were measured. Height, weight, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), FPG, post prandial plasma glucose (PPPG), lipid profile - serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and serum insulin were recorded at baseline and during follow-up visits.
By measuring with tape horizontally, the WHR was calculated, waist as the minimal abdominal circumference located midway between the lower rib margin and the iliac crest and hip as the widest circumference over the great trochanters. The diagnosis of CAD (coronary artery disease), based on the presence of angina symptoms and abnormalities in resting electrocardiogram, was also assessed at baseline and after each year during the follow-up. Hypertension was determined by history of high blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg).
Dyslipidemia was defined by any of the following: total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl, HDL cholesterol ≤35 mg/dl, and/or LDL cholesterol ≥100 mg/dl or taking lipid-lowering drugs. OGTT at 2 h was performed in all subjects by taking 75 g oral glucose solution after overnight fasting; and then 2 h later, blood glucose level was measured. Blood was collected at 8:00 AM from the antecubital vein while the subjects were in the recumbent position after an overnight fasting. FPG, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDLc, LDLc and serum insulin levels were measured according to the standard procedures and the sample analyses were done at Vimta Labs Ltd which is approved by the College of American Pathologists. HOMA-IR was calculated to assess change of IR.
It was assumed that during a 3-year follow-up period, 36 % subjects with prediabetes (IFG or IGT) develop clinical diabetes, with annual incidence rates of conversion ranging between 10 and 12 % [14–16]. In the proposed 3-year study it is expected that administration of Fenugreek reduces the risk of diabetes development in 14 % study subjects. Assuming the risk errors of α = 0.05 and β = 0.20, sample size was calculated based on the normal approximation to the binominal and was found to be 73 subjects per group including 20 % drop outs during the study.
Cumulative incidence rates of diabetes at every six months for the length of 3 years were 10.6, 24.2, 34.9, 43.9, 51.5 and 55.0 % respectively in the control and 2.7, 6.7, 10.8, 13.5, 16.2 and 23.0 % respectively in the Fenugreek group (Fig. 2). By the end of the 3-year intervention period, the cumulative incidence rate of diabetes reduced significantly in Fenugreek group compared to the control (chi-square = 13.4; p < 0.01). RRR for developing diabetes at the end of 3 years was 0.6 in Fenugreek group.
At baseline and at the end of 3 years, there were no significant differences in body weight, BMI, WHR, SBP and DBP (mean ± SD) within control and Fenugreek groups (Table 3).
Subjects within control group had similar FPG and PPPG by the end of study period. In Fenugreek group, FPG (103.7 ± 9.5 vs 99.7 ± 11.4 mg/dl; p < 0.05) and PPPG (142.9 ± 26.6 vs. 129.0 ± 29.6 mg/dl; p < 0.01) had reduced significantly at the end of 3 years (Table 3).
When compared with baseline, serum cholesterol, TG, HDLc were comparable in controls and Fenugreek group at the end of study period.
However, LDLc was observed to reduce significantly at the end of 3 years in the Fenugreek group whilst this was not the case in the control group (117.6 ± 26.3 vs. 110.9 ± 23.9 mg/dl; p < 0.05) (Table 3).
Serum insulin levels and insulin resistance (HOMA IR) were similar in control group throughout the study period (Table 3). This was not the same in the Fenugreek group, both serum insulin levels (10.2 ± 4.5 vs. 12.0 ± 5.6 mU/l; p < 0.01) and HOMA IR (2.6 ± 1.1 vs. 2.9 ± 1.5; p < 0.05) increased significantly at the end of study period (Table 3).
Multiple regression analyses for associations between presence of diabetes and conventional risk variables in diabetes viz. gender (both men and women) (Odds Ratio, OR 0.96, 95 % Confidence Interval, CI 0.21–4.43), interventional groups (OR 4.18, 95 % CI 1.34–13.09; p < 0.05), age (30–70 years) (OR 1.05, 95 % CI 0.99–1.12), BMI (OR 0.96, 95 % CI 0.75–1.23), waist circumference (OR 0.97, 95 % CI 0.85–1.11), hip circumference (OR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.88–1.14), SBP (OR 0.98, 95 % CI 0.94–1.03), DBP (OR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.93–1.06), serum cholesterol (OR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.98–1.03), serum TG (OR 1.00, 95 % CI 0.99–1.01), HDLc (OR 0.97, 95 % CI 0.90–1.04), serum insulin (OR 1.98, 95 % CI 1.30–3.02; p < 0.01) and HOMA IR (OR 0.07, 95 % CI 0.02–0.30; p < 0.001) were estimated.
Parameters entered into the model showed a significant change in 2 log likelihood ratio (p < 0.001). The overall p value for the logistic regression analysis (p = 0.0002) indicates that the independent variables significantly predicts change in the outcome variable, which is onset of diabetes.
The odds ratio of 4.18 (p = 0.01) for the intervention group indicates that subjects in control group have 4.2 times higher chance of developing diabetes when compared to the subjects in Fenugreek group. It was observed that the outcome of diabetes in Fenugreek group was positively associated with serum insulin (OR 1.98, 95 % CI 1.30–3.02; p < 0.01) and negatively associated with HOMA IR (OR 0.07, 95 % CI 0.02–0.30; p < 0.001) (Fig. 3 and Table 4). The results of regression analysis i.e., the individual odds ratio and their confidence intervals are represented graphically by Forest plot based on logistic regression (Fig. 3).
Drug compliance was calculated by pill count method at every follow-up visit as the percentage of difference between number of Fenugreek packs supplied and returned by the subject divided by the total study medication that subject has to take. Compliance varied at each follow-up visit with maximum number of subjects having good and acceptable compliance (Table 5).
Globally, T2DM has an enormous impact on the health care costs and economy, as such it is highly desirable that this disease be prevented at an early stage. A prediabetes condition does not necessarily develop into diabetes if controlled well. Progression to diabetes can be prevented by lifestyle interventions and pharmacotherapeutic modes. There are several effective pharmacological regimens with encouraging results [17–19] however these regimens are either not usually economically accessible or not well tolerated by all . Hence a need to focus on indigenous, inexpensive food-based regimens.
Traditional plant medicines are used throughout the world as alternative therapies to control diabetes. Although numerous herbs are reported to possess some degree of anti-diabetic activity , a significant amount of research, as well as traditional usage suggest that Fenugreek may be among the best in terms of efficacy and safety . Though many studies evaluated the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Fenugreek in animal and human models with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, no study is reported in prediabetes till date. Further this is a first study conducted employing a commercially debitterized Fenugreek powder in the prevention of diabetes in subjects with IFG/IGT. The rate of progression to diabetes during the intervention in controls and Fenugreek group is determined in the present study.
It was observed that the conversion rate from IFG and IGT to diabetes by the end of 3 years reduced significantly in Fenugreek group when compared to controls (Fig. 2). At 3 years, glucose levels have normalized in 18.52 % of controls and 34.62 % of Fenugreek subjects. In a 11-year follow up study it was stated that many people with prediabetes (a quarter or more) may revert to normal glucose tolerance on long term, and after a protracted follow-up, only about 50 % of people with IGT or IFG will develop diabetes . In our study the conversion rate from IFG and IGT to diabetes in controls was similar to the study quoted above. Therefore this indicates that progression to diabetes from prediabetes stage is subsided by the consumption of Fenugreek as the conventional conversion rate of diabetes is lowered from 55 to 23 % at the end of 3 years due to Fenugreek.
It was observed that body weight, BMI, SBP and DBP were unaltered in both control and Fenugreek groups. Simiarly the patient's weight, BMI and other clinical parameters measured were found to be almost stationary when the dose-dependent effects of Fenugreek in diabetes with dyslipidemia were studied .
During the study period FPG (p < 0.05) and PPPG (p < 0.01) reduced significantly at the end of 3 years in Fenugreek group.
The hypoglycemic effect of Fenugreek seed powder discussed in our study is well supported by few studies [9, 11, 24, 25] which showed hypoglycemic effect in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes subjects. In vivo study by Kumar RV et al.  depicted a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in the postprandial blood glucose levels in the diabetic rats on treatment with Fenugreek formulation AF40.
In this study, serum cholesterol and TG levels were almost similar by the end of study period within control and Fenugreek groups, which is in contrast to the studies which reported that cholesterol and TG levels were lower in Fenugreek treated animals over untreated diabetic animals (p < 0.05) [27, 28]. The small changes in serum cholesterol and TG levels could be due to the fact that the mean data for these variables are already in the normal range.
Within controls and Fenugreek group there were no significant changes in HDLc throughout the study period. Analogous to these results few studies also reported that Fenugreek did not alter HDLc levels [23, 29]. The LDLc reduced at the end of 3 years (p < 0.05) in Fenugreek group. Fenugreek seeds contain a gel-like soluble fiber which combines with bile acid and lowers triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels .
In controls, serum insulin levels remained same during the study period whereas in Fenugreek group, at the end of 3 years, serum insulin had increased significantly (p < 0.01) in Fenugreek group. Various studies [31, 32] suggested that Fenugreek seeds act as insulin secretor, as they reported increased insulin secretion in animal studies. Yadav et al.  also suggested that Fenugreek seeds, more precisely the water extract, act as an insulin secretor but they did not monitor insulin levels.
As serum insulin levels have increased in Fenugreek subjects, insulin resistance was assessed by HOMA. Insulin resistance (HOMA IR) was not different in control group during the intervention period but within Fenugreek group HOMA IR increased significantly at the end of 3 years (p < 0.05). This is in contrary with the study which reported that the action of Fenugreek is mediated by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing insulin resistance apart from the known mechanisms of reduced glucose absorption . The data obtained on insulin resistance in our study are not in agreement with the study where anti-diabetic properties of 4-hydroxy isoleucine, the active compound in Fenugreek were seen for its insulinotropic action and for extrapancreatic insulin-sensitizing effects . The studies reported above were done in type 2 diabetes subjects and it cannot be assumed that Fenugreek actually increases insulin resistance in prediabetes, because the serum insulin levels in our study subjects were within the normal range. In addition, the HOMA-IR level in the Fenugreek group at the end of 3 years was within the normal insulin resistance category (<3). Regression analysis outcome of diabetes in Fenugreek group was positively associated with serum insulin (p < 0.01) and negatively associated with HOMA IR (p < 0.001). Fenugreek may exert its therapeutic effect through its alkaloids content by modulation of insulin secretion. The amino acid 2S,3R,4S, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, purified from Fenugreek seeds, showed insulinotropic effects which increased peripheral glucose uptake in vitro .
This is a prospective, randomized controlled study conducted in men and women, having different life-styles and socio-cultural backgrounds but satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria mentioned. Though the sample size had diversified demographics, their anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters were similar at baseline. This study could target large populations more cost effectively. So far there was no systematic long term study in prediabetes and as such this is a conventional intervention, carried out for the first time in a different group of population (prediabetes). No study until now has reported the incidence conversion rate to diabetes with the interventional Fenugreek powder in prediabetes. The strength of this intervention lies on the complexity of data analysis which illuminates the statistical correlation between independent risk factors towards the onset or progression to diabetes.
Our estimate of the effect of the intervention can be considered conservative for two reasons. First, data was analyzed according to the intention-to-prevent principle, even though some subjects in the intervention group did not follow the recommendations about Fenugreek consumption. Second, for ethical reasons, all subjects assigned to the control group also received general health advice and counseling on dietary patterns at base line and at annual follow-up visits and may have benefited from this advice.
Participants who dropped out before the end of the 1 year intervention period were not included in the analysis because if their last observation had been carried forward, the differences between the two groups would have been artificially maintained over the follow-up period. Carrying the last observation forward assumes that assigning a no-change status is a conservative analysis, which is not the case, because weight change over time is nonlinear.
Despite of supplying debitterized processed Fenugreek powder to the study group, few subjects have skipped their doses due to its unacceptable palatability. Because of this reason they were advised to consume it along with some flavoring agents. This perhaps, could alter the plasma glucose levels and was found to be one of the limitations of the study. Though there were many reasons for subject dropouts, one of the reasons was their unwillingness towards the consumption of Fenugreek on long term basis due to its undesirable taste. In addition, subjects did not receive any incentives during the study due to which there was a lost to follow-up and the dropout rate in study group was recorded as 13.5 %.
An alternative prediabetic intervention study can be carried out with the supplementation of tulsi with Fenugreek, which can be used to mask the bitter taste of Fenugreek. In addition, the role of Fenugreek in different population groups should also be carried out.
This study provides evidence for the use of Fenugreek to delay the onset of diabetes in subjects with prediabetes. Fenugreek powder is useful to lower the blood glucose in prediabetes. From the results it can be concluded that Fenugreek showed hypocholesterolemic effects by reducing LDLc levels but without affecting serum TG, HDLc levels. Our results strongly suggest that the enhancement of serum insulin levels is due to insulinotropic effects. In conclusion, our results show that hypoglycemic effects are due to increasing levels of serum insulin and we suggest here that the mode of action of Fenugreek may be caused by their contents of alkaloids.
We are thankful to Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for providing Senior Research Fellowship during the study. This work was funded by Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI); unrestricted educational grants were received from DiabetOmics India.
GA screened and examined all the recruited subjects, researched and analyzed data, and wrote and edited the manuscript. GC, TS and RKM analyzed data, contributed to the discussion and reviewed the manuscript. UDP reviewed and edited the manuscript. PVR conceptualized and designed the study, and reviewed the manuscript. GA is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
International Diabetes Federation 2013. Diabetes Atlas 6th edition. http://www.idf.org/sites/default/files/EN_6E_Atlas_Full_0.pdf. [Accessed January 21 2014].


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Home / Shopping / Worldly Goods
Worldly Goods
The Master of Fabulous Faux
John Rosselli reproductions
By M.L. Latiolais on March 30, 2010
If John Singer Sargent were alive today he would paint the portrait of John Rosselli—less for his aristocratic demeanor than for the similarity between the two gentlemen's artistic sensibilities. What Sargent achieved on canvas, Rosselli accomplishes in the realm of fine furniture. Like Sargent, Rosselli has a relentlessly elegant eye.
Among interior designers and fellow antiques dealers, Rosselli is considered an antiquaire for the cognoscenti. As Dan Carithers, an éminence grise of the design industry, says, "John simply has the most knowing eye in his selections—nothing ever looks pompous. He has lovely, wonderful taste."
In business for close to half a century, Rosselli presides over an extraordinary empire. He buys and sells an eclectic rang of important antiques (through JR Antiques), and represent a group of fine manufacturers of furniture, lighting, and fabrics (at John Rosselli & Associates). If you need antiques for the garden, his shop Treillage, which he owns with Bunny Williams, is full of urns, teak benches, and statuary in appealing state of decay. But for all his breadth, what Rosselli is perhaps mos admired for is his exceptional reproduction work (available through John Rosselli International and John Rosselli & Associates). He also reproduces furniture for Parrish Hadley from the private collection of the late Sister Parrish.
Rosselli's old-world training was spurred on by a mix of both talent and good fortune. The son of Italian immigrants and the youngest of 14 children, he went to art school in New Jersey, and would have continued his studies at Pratt Institute had he not been offered a job painting unfinished Italian furniture.
As it happens, the studio was downstairs from the workshop of the famous faux painter Isabel O'Neil. But while admiring of O'Neil's highly precise technique—as many as 19 steps to a process—Rosselli began to develop his own style. Because his technique was looser, freer, and more Italian in feel and execution, it allowed greater creativity. After apprenticeships with masters like Dino Lev and Harry Matlock, known for fine artisanal work, Rosselli went off on hi own. "I was very fortunate to work with Dino and Harry," he says, "and through them met wonderful designers lik Billy Baldwin, Albert Hadley, Sister Parrish, and Rose Cumming, who became my clients."
Today, it is Rosselli's creative vision that sets him apart. While many people manufacture reproductions of familiar antique furniture and period styles, Rosselli reproduces the lesser known, recherché, and hard-to-find. If, for example, you find an unusual antique table that requires a mate, a tôle wall sconce that wants three more, a slipper chair that needs another by its side, Rosselli will have those pieces made impeccably in one of his dozen or so workshops. Spread among New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey, these hush-hush ateliers have second- and even third-generation craftsmen executing Rosselli's exacting designs. "It's a lot like the crafts guilds of Europe," says Rosselli, "but it's an American cottage industry."
Rosselli insists on high quality materials, and is especially drawn to those with a history of their own. Antique pilasters, for instance, become parts of bookcases and mirrors. Or a table may be made with century-old French oak parquets. This rare combination of period materials and superb craftsmanship makes many of his pieces almost indistinguishable from the originals, fooling even connoisseurs. In fact, although all Rosselli pieces are signed with indelible pens, that hasn't prevented them from being resold as the real thing. Recently, a pair of Rosselli's hand-carved chinoiserie figures sold at Sotheby's for $45,000—double the original price.
Some of Rosselli's reproductions have an inspired new twist. This Jacobean-style chair (below left), for example, would be beautiful for its pure lines alone, but it came to life after Rosselli's workmen hand-painted the linen canvas to suggest an antique tapestry. Other pieces are faithful to the original. The antique French screen that inspired the reproduction above was found in shreds, but Rosselli's replica saved it from extinction. Indeed, you could say his work is not only a preservation of artisanal techniques—but also of the essence of th antiques themselves.
Rosselli's Empire
IMPORTANT ANTIQUES:
Jr. Antiques
255 East 72nd Street, New York, NY 10021
ANTIQUES AND REPRODUCTION WORK:
John Rosselli International
523 East 73rd Street, New York, NY 10021
FINE FURNITURE, LIGHTING, AND ACCESSORIES:
John Rosselli & Associates
979 Third Avenue (D&D Building), Suite 701, New York, NY 10022
ANTIQUES FOR THE GARDEN:
418 East 75th Street, New York, NY 10021
Establishment sells to the trade only. Available through your architect or designer.
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Nurse Executive Career Overview
Brandy Gleason, MSN, MHA, BC-NC
Brandy Gleason
Brandy Gleason has nearly 20 years of nursing experience in bedside, supervisory, managerial, and senior leadership positions. She currently teaches in a prelicensure nursing program and coaches master's students through their final projects. Her ...
Work Settings
Nurse executives fulfill important roles as nursing leaders within healthcare organizations of all sizes. Learn what nurse executives do and how you can become one.
Credit: FatCamera / E+ / Getty Images
Varied based on experience
32% job growth between 2020 and 2030 for medical and health services managers
median annual salary
Nurse executives are nursing leaders who use their knowledge and experience to guide various healthcare-related organizations toward success. For a nurse seeking a position of responsibility, increased earning power, and the ability to inspire and make decisions, this can be an exciting and fulfilling career path with countless possibilities.
Nurse Executive Career in Brief
MSN or MBA
Nurse Executive Certification
Nurse Executive Advanced Certification
Executive Nursing Practice Certification
A nurse executive can differ from managers. They use skills in leadership, operations, finance, human resources, communication, collaboration, and big-picture thinking to guide healthcare-related organizations to success.
Roles may include chief nursing officer, director of nursing (DON), or chief executive officer. Such a leader may supervise a number of individuals and interact with other executives, department heads, and boards of directors if serving in the nonprofit sector.
Key skills and responsibilities for the nurse executive role may include:
Supervising direct reports
Motivating others to perform, grow, and succeed
Setting an example for others and creating a positive workplace culture
Understanding direct patient care
Possessing business-related skills (like finance or budgeting)
Monitoring compliance with regulations and regulatory bodies
Overseeing quality assurance and risk management
Career Traits
High-level communication and interpersonal skills
Conflict management/resolution
Awareness of technology and its role in healthcare
Big-picture thinking
Detail management
Team-oriented and collaborative
Featured Online MSN Programs
Where Do Nurse Executives Work?
Common workplace settings for nurse executives include hospitals, clinics, home health agencies, nursing schools, community health, and many other settings.
In the hospital setting, the nurse executive may serve as chief nursing officer, nursing director, or nurse administrator. Skills include an understanding of patient care in the hospital setting, collaboration with other disciplines, and compliance with regulatory bodies, such as The Joint Commission.
Assisted/Independent Living
In these settings, the nurse executive may serve as chief nursing officer, nursing director, or nurse administrator. Skills involve having familiarity with the needs of patient (especially the elderly and those with living disabilities), managing multidisciplinary collaboration, and an understanding of the financial aspects of running an organization.
Nurse executives may serve as chief nursing officer, nursing director, or nurse administrator. Skills include knowledge of the field of home health, compliance with regulatory bodies, and the management of a multidisciplinary workforce.
Why Become a Nurse Executive
Serving as a nurse executive can be an interesting, intellectually stimulating, and a satisfying career path. This role can also demand a great deal, with high-level responsibility for many aspects of an organization's 24/7 operation, such as the management and oversight of a large community of employees.
Advantages to Becoming a Nurse Administrator
Positive patient outcomes
A guide to helping a healthcare organization to success
Median salary of $101,340
Professional satisfaction
Disadvantages to Becoming a Nurse Administrator
High levels of responsibility (for example, budgets, human resources, strategic growth, regulatory compliance, etc.)
Work-related stress
Difficult not to bring work home
Always feeling like you must have all the answers
Feeling distanced from direct patient care
Around-the-clock responsibilities
How to Become a Nurse Executive
Step 1: Earn a bachelor of science (BSN) degree.
Earning a BSN degree from an accredited nursing university provides the grounding in clinical skills, leadership, research, and critical thinking that every nurse needs as an entry to the profession.
Step 2: Pass the NCLEX exam to receive a registered nurse (RN) license.
Passing the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) is the initial gateway to becoming a licensed nurse and embarking on your nursing career.
Step 3: Earn a master of science in nursing (MSN) or doctoral degree.
Licensed RNs can begin logging clinical nursing hours. Graduate nursing programs and certification organizations may require specific hours or years of work experience.
A doctorate (also known as a terminal degree) confers upon the recipient the highest level of nursing education. A doctorate in nursing can be helpful in terms of marketability and credibility in a competitive field.
Step 4: Pass a certification exam.
Certifications that a nurse executive can choose to pursue are nurse executive certification, nurse executive advanced certification, and executive nursing practice certification. Certification can increase marketability, knowledge, and expertise.
Step 5: Get board certification (optional).
Earning the designation of board-certified nurse executive and becoming a respected nurse leader identifies that you are an ambitious individual dedicated to achieving advanced knowledge and expertise.
How Much Do Nurse Executives Make?
Although the BLS does not differentiate among various types of nurse leaders in its data beyond "Medical and Health Services Managers," in general, there is a projected 32% job growth between 2020 and 2030, which is considerably faster than other industries.
Indeed.com reports that the average salary for a director of nursing in the U.S. is $91,640 as of April 2022, whereas the BLS states that $101,340 is the median salary for medical and health services managers. At the same time, Salary.com reports the median salary for a chief nursing executive as of April 2022 to be $243,400.
This disparity may reflect how each website chooses to classify and categorize various nurse leadership positions.
Frequently Asked Questions About Nurse Executives
What does a nurse executive do?
A nurse executive uses skills in leadership, operations, finance, human resources, communication, collaboration, and big-picture thinking to guide healthcare-related organizations to success.
Salaries range from $91,640 for a director of nursing, according to Indeed in April 2022, to $243,400 for a chief nursing executive, according to Salary.com in April 2022.
How long does it take to become a nurse executive?
If an individual chooses to pursue both a BSN and an MSN degree, the length of the educational journey could be at least five years. This includes general education and prerequisite undergraduate courses.
The certification process typically does not take more than a few months if the applicant has completed the required continuing education hours and other requirements.
Is a DON (director of nursing) a nurse executive?
Yes, the DON is considered a nurse executive.
Resources for Nurse Executives
Formerly known as the American Association for Nurse Executives, AONL focuses on "the professional development of nurse leaders through innovative and competency-based learning experiences." It offers online and in-person services for nurse leaders of all kinds, including but not limited to, executives, nursing directors, nurse managers, and clinical leaders. As the flagship national nursing organization, the ANA seeks to champion nurses through advocacy, education, outreach, certification pathways, and a large network of affiliated state-based nursing associations. Membership in ACHE is highly regarded within the healthcare community. It currently has 48,000 members from all types of executive healthcare leadership roles. Nurse leaders can stand out by getting the ACHE certification called Fellow of the American Colleges of Healthcare Executives. ONL's mission is "to advance a culture of health through excellence in nursing." The organization "works in full collaboration with local and national professional healthcare organizations to promote excellence in nursing leadership, and by extension, high-quality and high-value patient care."
The Best Online MSN in Nursing Leadership Programs
Clinical Nurse Leadership Programs
Nurse Administrator Career Overview
Nurse Practitioner vs. Nurse Administrator
Page last reviewed April 24, 2022


How to do the Eiffel tower trick on your Yo-Yo in this free video on Yo-Yo basics.
André Boulay is a yo-yo professional in Amherst, MA. He has competed in many contests placing as high as fifth in the nation and has even designed his own signature series yo-yo: The Dark Magic. Currently he acts as a lead judge for the World Yo-Yo Contest while doing shows and performance for a variety of events.


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Home News General News 202008
Monitor Implementation Of New 48-Hours Supreme Court Decision – Martin Kpebu Tells Ghanaians
/ General News, News
Mr. Martin Kpebu, is the director at the Human Rights and Governance Centre
Mr. Martin Kpebu, a renowned private legal practitioner and a Director at the Human Rights and Governance Centre, has called on all Ghanaians to monitor the implementation of the 'weekends and holidays court decision' (new 48 hours judgment) that, 'counting the 48 hours for detaining suspects now includes weekends, public holidays as well as periods of strikes and civil unrests (where the safety of Judges, Magistrates, Court staff and court users can be guaranteed)'.
The key decision made by the Court on 18th December, 2019 was that 'a person must not be deprived of his or her personal liberty for more than 48 hours, unless such a person had been brought before a court of competent jurisdiction, whether charged or not and the issue of his personal liberty determined (that is granted bail or remanded in custody till the next court date).
The landmark decision by the Apex Court of Ghana followed a law suit by Mr Martin Kpebu against the Minister of Justice and Attorney-General praying the Court to declare as unconstitutional, parts of the Public Holidays Act (Act 601) and the Labour Act that barred the courts from dealing with bail cases during weekends and public holidays.
In an interview with Ghanaweb, Mr Kpebu noted that for years, the '48-hours rule' was abused by rogue police and some 'powerful citizens' against those detained, sometimes, just to 'show suspects where power lies', with no regards to the law or the rights of these citizens.
He was optimistic that "the implementation of the judgment will expand "access to justice for all" in line with SDG#16 which has a target on rule of law and access to justice. Access to justice is an important accelerator for progress across the entire Agenda 2030 which seeks to "Leave No One Behind".
Mr. Kpebu is reminding Ghanaians that the Chief Justice (CJ) of Ghana is committed to effective implementation of the 'new 48-hours' Supreme Court decision which has started. The CJ started the implementation by issuing a directive to selected courts, Justices, Judges, Magistrates as well as Court Registrars all over Ghana to sit at weekends, holidays and period of strikes and civil unrests to hear bail applications of accused persons and suspects brought before them by the police.
He stressed that citizens' monitoring will promote compliance by the Police and the Courts and ensure citizens' access to justice which is imperative for sustaining Ghana's democratic stability before and after Elections 2020. Ultimately, it will increase responsiveness to challenges citizens face in their quest to access justice and human rights in Ghana.
Source: Human Rights and Governance Centre
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SEO copywriting is a topic that raises a lot of interest on the web in quite a long time as vast majority seems to be interested in pleasing Google. There is no doubt that people believe the more of the visits you have, the more conversion you'll have. Read how to do it properly in our latest blog post. Enjoy!
SEO copywriting is a topic that raises a lot of interest on the web in quite a long time as vast majority seems to be interested in pleasing Google.
There is no doubt that people believe the more of the visits you have, the more conversion you'll have.
However, they can't be further from the truth.
The content that is hard to read is going to bounce off your visitors, and if your visits bounce, what is the point of your SEO copywriting?!
Well, maybe you're looking into it the wrong way?
Unfortunately, a large number of people believe that SEO copywriting means putting an effort into tricking Google and other search engines.
Do you care about the Google raking or about your audience?
If you want to write a quality copy, have it optimized for search engines and still keep a visitor, here is a list of things you should pay attention to.
It will provide you with a valuable insight into peoples minds and will help you write better. But don't push it too much. Nobody likes to see text stuffed with keywords and written only for ranking.
While you'll target the small audience, you're most likely going to attract the people who know exactly what they are searching for. So focus on "two bedroom flat in Stuttgart" rather than "apartments in Stuttgart". People that know what they need are specific in their search, so you should be too when offering them a value.
While setting a title we often forget the importance of being transparent to what we actually offer. This is what will attract your visitors to click on your link on search results page. So give your audience a clue what will wait for them once they open your page. If such thing is needed – provide them with call to action.
Pretend for a moment that you're a customer and that you're visiting the website. Would it be clear to you what the copy is about? Would it be clear what you're offering? If not, fix it and you'll benefit from it just like your visitors will.
Guest posting means writing articles on other blogs. This will help you build a relationship with new people who might return a favor and provide you with great content. It will also help you reach new audience and will provide you with backlinks.
Facebook fans and Twitter followers have become really important distribution networks. If people are to follow or like you they are more likely to share it with others and attract new audience. But don't just publish your own links. Ask yourself what is in that like or follow for them. Are they going to learn more than what you already have to offer on your website?
The number of shares will help search engines position you better.
Always keep your audience satisfaction top priority and traffic will come. Don't just write for search engines, do copywriting to provide value and build lasting relationship.


Geason Training's highly skilled and experienced trainers deliver short courses and asses NVQs for many of the leading employers in the construction industry.
We will deliver training in the workplace at our national training academy or via one of our versatile mobile classrooms.
Have a look at our short courses and NVQs whether you are focused on a specific field a more general approach in construction, or gaining or upgrading a CSCS card, we are here to help.
We are working closely with industry recognised awarding bodies - City and Guilds, CSkills, GQA, Person, Highfield.


"We are an Asian based boutique consulting firm focussed in the selected fields of outsourcing, future tech , hospitality, wealth management, compliance, innovation & related start-ups. We are delighted to hear from you on your immediate organisational & business issues, problems & needs to see how we can assist you. Feel free to contact us today."
Juniasia keeps innovating to find the right solutions and attainable outcomes for our clients each day for a better tomorrow.
Simple as it may sound but it inspires, a minimalist approach with key urgency to our clients' issues and available options.
As a small, lean boutique consulting firm, our prime focus are on selected key areas of specialisation and industries that would deliver the best outcomes for clients with an external board of globally experienced industry and academic experts.
It is about innovation and some realistic assessment of today's issues, limitations and available resources. We strive for the top possible outcome whilst preparing the best contingency plans for the future.
Our vision is in keeping with the times to focus, examine, innovate today whilst planning for the future to anticipate the challenges and problems faced by our clients tomorrow.


EC Vancouver English School is one of the most prestigious language schools in Canada. The school is located near the main square of the city. In walking distance from it there is an entertaining, shopping infrastructure.
The school is famous for high quality of academic preparation, modern equipment, author's methods of teaching English. In the school students enjoy comfortable studying conditions. There is a wide range of programs and courses available. Each student will be able to choose the right direction for himself.
Groups in the EC Vancouver School are formed according to the academic principle. Students before admission are tested to determine the level of basic preparation. This approach allows to organize follow-up lessons according to the needs of a particular group of students.
Study at school can be combined with cognitive rest. Vancouver is a city where representatives of more than 100 nationalities live. And a multicultural environment is just one of its attractions.
Brief Information. The course with an intensity of 20 hours per week is designed for students who want to improve their English in communication with native speakers.
Entry requirements: Initial level of English proficiency.
Learning outcomes: improving speech fluency, increasing vocabulary, overcoming language barriers.
Short information. The 24 to 30-hour course, designed for a week of study, allows students to master the necessary language skills in a short time.
About the course. The program provides an opportunity to study general, business English. The specificity of the course is determined by the needs of students.
Result Training: the development of standard and special language skills.
Short information. A course with an intensity of 20 hours a week is aimed at students preparing for the language exam.
About the course. The course with a minimum duration of 6 weeks provides for mastering rational strategies for passing exams, developing effective thinking, studying the language aspects necessary for the successful passing of testing. In the process of teaching, the teachers of the school conducts end-to-end testing to assess the academic success of students, the correction of programs, and the removal of knowledge gaps.
Requirements for Enrollment: intermediate level of English.
The result of the training: academic, psychological readiness for exams, obtaining a high score when passing the tests.
Short information. The academic year / semester of English is a great opportunity not only to improve your language skills, but also to immerse yourself in the Canadian cultural environment.
About the course. The program is flexible enough. The priority direction of study is chosen by the student. Academic year / semester courses allow you to prepare for language tests, follow-up studies at the university, work in a Canadian (international) company.
Enrollment requirements: The average level of English proficiency.
Requirements for admission: the minimum level of English Upper-intermediate.
Requirements for admission: the minimum level of English intermediate.
The result of the training : Academic, psychological readiness for testing.
The duration of the lesson is 45 minutes.
Admission requirements: The minimum level of English Advanced.
The Vancouver school offers students three options for accommodation.
Homestay accommodation in a host family.
It is suitable for lovers of home atmosphere. In families, students are offered 1-2-bed rooms, two meals a day. This accommodation option allows to become immersed into the English language environment and get acquainted with culture of Vancouver.
Students residence is very well equipped with comfortable single rooms. Bathrooms and sanitary rooms are provided for 2-3 rooms. There are several rooms with individual amenities. The building is 10 minutes drive from the school. Meals at the residence are not provided. There are 3 modern kitchens where students can cook for themselves.
The apartment usually holds 1-2 people. The house is located in the business center of the city, near Stanley Park, a shopping and entertainment infrastructure. Before school from it about 10 - 15 minutes of driving. Apartments are offered to students who study at school for 4 or more weeks. The minimum age for this type of accommodation is 18 years.
After classes, students in the EC Vancouver English School have entertainment and get excursions. Guests of the city have access to local attractions, sports programs, mugs, shopping, discos. In an informal setting, Students also continue their studying. Language practice on vacation is very effective. The school recommends that students go for walks on roller skates or horses on Stanley Park, shopping and dining in Gastown, get extreme Whistler, guided tours of the galleries and markets of Granville Island, boat trips along the ocean coast, whale watching, and much more.
Lessons are held mostly in the mornings. The second half of the day students can devote to excursions and entertainment.
The ability to choose between classical and individual language courses and programs.
Convenient location near infrastructure facilities in Vancouver.
Comfortable accommodation conditions (hostel, apartment, residence in the family).
An interesting entertainment programme (the school recommends a large number of excursions to its students).
EC Vancouver School is equipped with modern technology and spacious auditoriums. The classes have computers, lecture interactive whiteboards. Free wireless Internet is available in the building. The school has a computer class, a library with a large number of printed and electronic books. Students can relax in breaks between classes in the lobby, cafeteria.


Adrienne Bruner of Human Resources tells how she works to build future leaders at Penn State Health.
Jim Miller of Red Lion, Pa., had the opportunity to meet the man who saved his life ― a volunteer firefighter from Germany who donated his stem cells to him.
Dr. Peter Seidenberg, Penn State Health family and sports medicine physician and team physician for Penn State's football and softball teams, will serve as chief medical officer for the 2019 Special Olympics World Games in Abu Dhabi March 14-21.
Dr. Craig Hillemeier, dean of Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State's senior vice president for health affairs and chief executive officer of Penn State Health, has announced his upcoming retirement.
Mark Faulkner, Penn State Health's general counsel, has announced plans to retire. His decision brings to a close a legal career that began in 1972, and included providing legal services to Penn State, The Milton S Hershey Medical Center, and what evolved during his tenure into Penn State Health.
Dr. Deepa Sekhar has been appointed executive director of Penn State PRO Wellness. Sekhar, a pediatrician at Penn State Health and an associate professor of pediatrics at Penn State College of Medicine, assumed the post this month.
This year at Penn State Health Life Lion EMS, the pitter-patter of little feet became a thundering herd.
Dr. Jed Gonzalo, assistant professor of medicine and public health sciences and associate dean for health systems education, is featured in the January Penn State College of Medicine's "Exceptional Moments in Teaching" program.
Dr. Richard Legro has been named chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center and Penn State College of Medicine.


Full conference registration includes, all meals, access to all conference sessions, keynote addresses, refreshment breaks, opening/closing reception, all tours and Planner of the Year reception & celebration.
All requests for cancellations and refunds must be made in writing and emailed to Donna Robinson with "SR 2019 Cancellation Request" or "SR 2019 Refund Request" in the subject line.
There is a $50 processing fee for all cancellations. No refunds will be issued for registrations cancelled or created after 11:59 p.m. ET on March 10, 2019. Credit card refunds will be issued at the time of cancellation. Check refunds will be issued within 60 days of the cancellation request.
Yes, if you will be unable to attend you can send someone else in your place. To do this, please provide written request to Donna Robinson, stating the name of the person who cannot attend and the person's name that will be replacing them. If payment has already been received no additional payment is necessary, if payment has not been received the new attendee is responsible for payment. Please be advised that a substitution of person in a different registration category may result in additional fees or a refund. Refunds of this nature will be issued immediately, all additional payments will be required prior to the start of the event.
Substitutions will be honored until 5 p.m. CT March 25, 2019.
Southern Region Event is held in a public space, therefore we do not prohibit participants, exhibitors, sponsors, news organizations and other companies from photographing or video or audio-taping some event activities. By submitting a registration for the 2019 SR Region Event, you (conference attendee) and any guests will be granting permission for the use of your name, and/or photographs taken at the conference, to be used on the website and/or in subsequent marketing materials.


Need a special treat for Valentine's day instead of the routine dinner date? Come to couples restorative yoga. This relaxing class will be a retreat for you and your guest. $10 per person to join the ambiance, gentle massages and rejuvenate your mind and body. Don't have a partner? That's okay! Come solo to experience the serene atmosphere and peaceful practice of slowing the mental and physical body through relaxing deeply in restorative postures.


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text:
How Does Congress Get Elected?
OCEAN MALANDRA
Election of the Congress
The US House
State Congress
1 Election of the Congress
The word "Congress" refers to both the House of Representatives and the the Senate, which are both elected by direct election. "Congress" also refers to state legislators who make up a house of representatives for their respected states and are also elected by direct election. Congressional posts are meant to be representative of the constituency of the area they represent and are elected directly by voters within that district or state. Each type of congress has its own special procedure and logic behind its election process to explore.
2 The Senate
The U.S. Senate is considered the upper body of the U.S. Congress and is made of of two senators from each state. Senators are elected by popular election within their represented state and serve a term of 6 years. Elections for the Senate are held every 2 years, with about a third of the Senate being up for re-election each time. A primary election is usually held in which each party runs several senatorial candidates to determine the one that will run in the general election. The winner of the general election is the candidate who receives the largest number of votes.
3 The US House
The U.S. House of Representatives is made up of a fixed number of 435 members that represent areas of the country by population, called single member districts. The single member districts change after each census to reflect an even distribution of population for each representative. Each single member district holds a general election after any primary elections to determine who their sole representative in the U.S. Congress will be. Elections are held every even numbered year in November and representatives serve for 2 years.
4 State Congress
Individual states also have their own representative bodies, often referred to as State Congress, State Legislature, or State Assembly. Most states imitate the federal model of the 2-house system, but others, such as Nebraska, have only one. Most state congressional elections are held on the even numbered years and employ a population based representative system like the U.S. House, with district lines redrawn after the census. Terms of service of state representatives vary by state.
Based in San Francisco, Ocean Malandra is a travel writer, author and documentary filmmaker. He runs a major San Francisco travel website, is widely published in both online and print publications and has contributed to several travel guidebooks to South America.
The Process of Electing Members of Congress
Qualifications to Become a Senator or a Representative
What Is the Distribution of Seats in Congress Called?
Similarities Between Indirect and Direct Elections
Presidential Vs. Congressional Elections
How Long Do We Elect a Representative in Congress?
How Long Is One Term for a Congress Member?
What Are the Duties of a Congressman?
What the Three Branches of Government Do
The 3 Types of Branches of the US Government
What Is the Upper Chamber of Congress?
Why Is Congressional Reapportionment Important?
What Is the Difference Between a Delegate & an Elector?
How Often Is There an Election to Replace Senators?
What Are Three Responsibilities That States Have Been...
What Are the Differences in Canada & America's Political...
What Is the Chain of Command of the United States Government?
The Importance of the Bicameral Legislature in Congress
Why Are Elections for the House of Representatives...
Which States Use the Caucus System?


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text:
Q: Converting mono to stereo sound I am trying to convert a 16bit mono sound to stereo. The sound is stored as a byte array, so to my understanding that means I duplicate two bytes at a time.

Am I doing this right? The code I produced changes the frequency.
EDIT:
I am successfully generating a mono tone and storing it in byte [] generatedSnd
Playing the mono sound (working):
    AudioTrack audioTrack = null;                                   // Get audio track
    try {
        audioTrack = new AudioTrack(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC,
                sampleRate, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,
                AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, (int)numSamples*2,
                AudioTrack.MODE_STATIC);
        audioTrack.setStereoVolume(0f, 1f);
        audioTrack.write(generatedSnd, 0, generatedSnd.length);     // Load the track
        audioTrack.play();                                          // Play the track
    }
    catch (Exception e){ }

Converting to stereo sound:
    int monoByteArrayLength = generatedSnd.length;
    byte [] stereoGeneratedSnd = new byte[monoByteArrayLength * 2];

    stereoGeneratedSnd[0] = generatedSnd[0];
    stereoGeneratedSnd[2] = generatedSnd[0];

    for (int x=1; x<monoByteArrayLength; x+=2) {

        stereoGeneratedSnd[x*2-1] = generatedSnd[x];
        stereoGeneratedSnd[x*2+1] = generatedSnd[x];

        if (x+1 < monoByteArrayLength) {
            stereoGeneratedSnd[x*2] = generatedSnd[x+1];
            stereoGeneratedSnd[x*2+2] = generatedSnd[x+1];
        }
    }

    AudioTrack audioTrack = null;                                   // Get audio track
    try {
        audioTrack = new AudioTrack(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC,
                sampleRate, AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO,
                AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT, (int)numSamples*2,
                AudioTrack.MODE_STATIC);
        audioTrack.setStereoVolume(0f, 1f);
        audioTrack.write(stereoGeneratedSnd, 0, stereoGeneratedSnd.length);     // Load the track
        audioTrack.play();                                          // Play the track
    }
    catch (Exception e){ }

What I am trying to do is play the sound out of only one channel

A: Is that intentional that you duplicate two bytes at a time ?
The stereo mode in 16bit PCM Wave format takes :
DATA[ ] : [1st byte from Chanel 1], [1st byte from Chanel 2], [2nd byte from Chanel 1], [2nd byte from Chanel 2]...

So that if you want to convert mono to stereo, your array should be :
Mono   : 0, 1, 2, 3 ...
Stereo : 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3 ...

and if you want only one channel
Stereo : 0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0 ...

A: The output from your doubling algorithm is 0, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 0, 5.
A simpler (and correct) way of doing the doubling would be:
for (int i = 0; i < monoByteArrayLength; i += 2) {
    stereoGeneratedSnd[i*2+0] = generatedSnd[i];
    stereoGeneratedSnd[i*2+1] = generatedSnd[i+1];
    stereoGeneratedSnd[i*2+2] = generatedSnd[i];
    stereoGeneratedSnd[i*2+3] = generatedSnd[i+1];
}

Output: 0, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
https://www.nhregister.com/entertainment/article/Bret-Michaels-draws-record-Milford-Oyster-11380072.php
Bret Michaels draws record Milford Oyster Festival concert crowd
Published 8:31 pm EDT, Saturday, August 16, 2014
Milford Oyster Festival in Milford, Connecticut Saturday, August 16, 2014 that includes music group featuring Bret Michaels on the main stage.
Photo: (Peter Hvizdak — New Haven Register)
MILFORD >> Bret Michaels brought a record concert crowd to the Oyster Festival Saturday and worked the audience with the energy and enthusiasm of a 22-year-old rock star.
Michaels, 51, former Poison front man, bestselling artist in his own right and star of the former hit reality show, "Rock of Love," among other television and movie gigs, drew glam metal, rock and roll and country fans of all ages.
There were lots of wrinkled tattoos and gray hairs among his older fans, hundreds of bandanas — to mimic his signature look — and many young women swooning over the star.
Danielle Cornelius, 28, of New Haven, sported a cowboy-style hat with Michaels' name on it.
"He's hot," an excited Cornelius said. Asked about the age gap, she said, "It doesn't matter — he rocks."
Her favorite song is Michaels' biggest hit, "Every Rose has its Thorn," which he sang Saturday, a 1980s ballad about the breakup of his relationship with a woman who thought fame had changed Michaels. The rose stood for fame and the thorn, the breakup, according to recorded interviews.
Longtime Poison fan Mark Occhipinti, who has met Michaels in person more than once, drove down from Boston for the concert.
He loves Michaels' music, but also said the star is "very gracious."
Another common theme in Michaels' life that resonates with his fans is his philanthropic work. A type I diabetic since age 6, when he was put on five insulin shots a day, Michaels is a tireless supporter of the Diabetes Foundation, the armed services troops and veterans.
"He's very handsome and I think good-hearted," said Julie Tooker of Waterbury, who said diabetes runs in her family.
Michaels also agreed Saturday to take the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge sweeping the nation.
While Michaels' concert topped the day, there was plenty at the popular Oyster Festival, which draws about 50,000 to keep kids and adults entertained all day. There was a stunning midway by Marenna Amusements, scrumptious food being sold by civic organizations, a magician and musical performances.
And, of course, with 30,000 oysters for festival goers to indulge in, there was an oyster eating contest, won by Ricky Tun of Bridgeport, a technician for Key Hyundai of Milford.
Tun and other contestants were given 12 oysters to eat with dressings like lemon, hot sauce and cocktail sauce. Tun, 31, won the race in 16 seconds.
"Just slurp, then down, no chewing," Tun said of his technique. He didn't practice, but Tun said he loves shellfish and the raw bar is his favorite.
A crowd count was not available Saturday, but Michaels said on stage he was told the concert drew a record crowd. Each year, the festival has a music headliner, but Michaels is the biggest star yet.
The field was packed shoulder to shoulder and hundreds more listened from outside the fence both on Oyster Festival grounds and on front lawns, as the music easily carried into neighborhoods.
The Michaels concert was scheduled to begin at 3:45 p.m., but some fans had staked out their place in front of the stage as early as 9 a.m. The pre-show meet and greet with Michaels was sold out and it was predicted the same would come of the same post concert event.
The Milford concert was recorded as a live album. Michaels made the crowd feel special, saying, "It is awesome to be here today and we are in no hurry to go."
Michaels involved the crowd in singing, and they went wild on that front when he sang the hit, "Talk Dirty to Me."


Nobu is inspired by Lisa Konno's father: Nobuaki Konno. The collection reflects on Dutch and Japanese identity, caricaturizes cultural misunderstandings and the hype about Japan and at the same time draws an intimate portrait of her father as an immigrant. The designs are based on items of Nobu's closet such as his old promo T-shirts, vintage kimonos and his favourite raincoat. The collection purposely exaggerates aesthetic cliches that are often used when designers are inspired by Japan: the decor of the show was a field of over-sized origami tulips and kimono-flowers were used as patches on T-shirts promoting Karate championships.


text:
In product liability cases and particularly automobile rollover cases, defendants often seek to introduce tests done on exemplar vehicles. These tests are extremely expensive to perform and are generally not available to be duplicated by the plaintiff because of their excessive costs. In addition, automobile manufacturers have testing materials readily available to them because of their need to perform similar tests in the design and manufacturer of their vehicles. These tests are often quite dramatic and can be extremely persuasive. Plaintiffs often argue that the admissibility of these tests is subject to objection because they fail the substantial similarity test.
That issue was raised in the recent case of Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Laliberte, 35 Fla. L. Weekly D2849 (Fla. 4th DCA, Dec. 15, 2010). That case came up on appeal based upon a multi-million dollar verdict in a product liability case against Mitsubishi arising out of a rollover accident with one of its vehicles. The plaintiff claimed a defect in the seatbelt and seat design of the vehicle which allegedly resulted in ejection of a young boy and his ultimate death.
Defendants sought to introduce into evidence four different crash tests designed to show that their seat design was safe, that the plaintiff's alternative seat design was, in fact, more dangerous and that the seat and seatbelt conformed to industry standards.
In addition to the tests, Mitsubishi attempted to introduce statistical information concerning other rollover accidents as well as slides and a video of the tests.
The trial court granted plaintiff's objection and refused to allow admission of any of the tests or statistical information. Importantly, the trial court did not excludes testimony by expert witnesses on the subjects in question because the defendants did not claim that any of those expert opinions were based upon the tests.
The substantial similarity test is described by the Court at 2851 as follows:
Generally, the doctrine of substantial similarity
applies in products liability claims when a
party attempts to introduce evidence of prior
accidents, to recreate the accident involving
the defendant's product, to show notice of
defect, magnitude of the danger involved,
the defendant's ability to correct a known
defect, or the lack of safety for intended uses.
See Tran v. Toyota Motor Corp., 420 F.3d
1310, 1316 (11th Cir. 2005).
It is important to note that the defendants never made a representation that they were trying to recreate this accident. Instead, defendants admittedly performed these tests on other makes and models of vehicles in other scenarios involving different seats and different forces. The appellate court thus held that the substantial similarity test did not apply to this case. At 2851, the Court stated:
Here, Mitsubishi admittedly did not attempt
to recreate the accident. Instead,
Mitsubishi attempted to "demonstrate"
body movement in a rollover accident,
the advantages of its seat back and
seatbelt design in other types of accidents,
and the unique nature of the movement
of this vehicle during the rollover accident.
"The substantial similarity doctrine does
not apply to situations . . . where the
evidence is 'pointedly dissimilar' and
'not offered to reenact the accident.'"
Tran, 420 F.3d at 1316 (quoting Heath
v. Suzuki Motor Corp., 126 F.3d 1391,
1396-97 (11th Cir. 1977)).
Nevertheless, the appellate court affirmed the trial court's refusal to admit the tests in question or the statistical information. The trial court carefully explained in her ruling that her decision was based specifically on the issue for which the evidence was offered. The Court sustained the plaintiff's objection to hearsay as to the statistical information. Furthermore, the Court found that there was a lack of relevance to many of the tests because they were, in fact, based upon differing crash scenarios and that the tests had a high likelihood of misleading the jury.
Using the abuse of discretion test, the Court found that the trial court's reasoning based upon relevance, hearsay, foundation and prejudice in deciding whether or not to admit what amounted to demonstrative evidence was not reversible error and thus, on rehearing, sustained the trial court's rulings and the ultimate verdict.
This case teaches a valuable lesson, which is amplified by Judge Ciklin's special concurring opinion emphasizing a trial court's ability and need to use appropriate discretion with reference to evidentiary rulings. The trial court, and not the appellate court, listens to all the evidence face to face. Only the trial court is in a position to strike the proper balance as to what is probative and what will unfairly prejudice a jury. Only the trial court can view relevance and unfair prejudice in the context of a real trial. It is these tenets which underscore the abuse of discretion standard. It is a plain fact that tests of these kinds can, in fact, unfairly prejudice and overwhelm a jury. Attempting to actually recreate an accident is extremely difficult because the forces can never truly be duplicated. Allowing into evidence tests which purportedly are only utilized for demonstrative purposes have an extraordinary propensity to confuse and mislead a jury which doesn't have the technical expertise to distinguish between dissimilar vehicles or forces. The Court found that it should be left to the trial judge to determine just how probative such tests are and the dangers inherent in their admissibility.
Originally published in March 2011


text:
WBSED
WBHED
BCWD
WBHS
WBXPress
Admission of Children in Govt. Sponsored/ Aided Schools, 2016
Methodology for Admission of children in elementary classes including Pre-Primary Class in all Government Sponsored/ aided Primary/ Upper Primary/High/ Higher secondary schools for the academic session, 2016.
GOVERNMENT OF WEST BENGAL
ELEMENTARY EDUCATION BRANCH
BIKASH BHAWAN, SALT LAKE CITY KOLKATA – 700 091
No. 866-SE(EE)/10M-186/2010 Date: 19/11/2015
The following methodology shall be followed for admission of children in elementary classes including Pre-Primary Class in all Government Sponsored/ aided Primary/ Upper Primary/High/ Higher secondary schools for the academic session-2016.
i) As per provision of RTE Act, 2009, no child or his/her parents or guardian will be subjected to any kind of screening procedure. All children from 6-14 years shall be admitted to their age appropriate classes in neighbour-hood schools and elementary education including pre-primary education shall be provided to them free of cost,
ii) It has been decided that admission in elementary classes including pre-primary class shall be done through draw of lots if number of candidates seeking admission to a class is more than the number of seats available for admission.
Mode of conducting draw of lots shall be as follows:
(a) At first a general draw of lots from amongst all applicants praying for admission irrespective of category [viz. SC/ST/OBC (A)/OBC(B) etc.] is to be done to select the unreserved candidates.
(b) Thereafter a series of draw of lots from the left over applications are to be arranged category-wise to fill up the reserved seats.
Category-wise percentages of reserved seats are as below:
Scheduled Caste-22%, Scheduled Tribe-6%, OBC (A) -10%, OBC (B)- 7% and Children with Special Need-3%.
It may be mentioned here in this connection that if seats reserved for SC remain unfilled by SC candidates they may be filled by ST candidates and vice versa. However, after completion of the aforesaid exercise if more seats are available which could not be filled up due to non-availability of SC/ST candidate they should be taken in the unreserved pool. Moreover seats meant of OBC(A) & OBC(B) candidates if could not be filled up due to non-availability of OBC(A) & OBC(B) candidates will also be taken in the unreserved pool. Such unreserved seats shall be filled by candidates as per norm. For this a waiting list may be maintained in the first draw of lots as at (ii) (a) above.
iii) Children seeking admission for pre-primary class shall be 5years of age or above and below 6 years as on 01.01.2016 All children of the age of 6-14 years shall be admitted to their age appropriate classes as below:
(a) For Class I, the age of 6 years and above but less than 7 years of age.
(b) For Class II, the age of 7 years and above but less than 8 years of age:
(c) For Class III, the age of 8 years and above but less than 9 years of age:
(d) For Class IV, the age of 9 years and above but less than 10 years of age:
(e) For Class V, the age of 10 years and above but less than 11 years of age:
(f) For Class VI, the age of 11- years arid above but less than 12 years of age:
(g) For Class VI, the age of 12 years and above but less than 13 years of age:
(h) For Class VIII, the age of 13 years and above but less than 14 years of age.
However children who have completed any class at a lesser age as per prevalent rule in force at the material point of time in any school may be allowed to proceed to the next class.
(iv) Children seeking admission Primary class/ class-1 in the Primary Schools located within a distance of one kilometer of their residence in rural areas and within half of a kilometer of their residence in urban area will be admitted directly and no draw of lots is required for admission of such children in Pre-primary class or class-1. Children from Anganwadi Centers located within distance of one kilometre in rural areas and half a kilometre in urban areas will also be admitted directly.
(v) In case a Primary school and Upper Primary/High/Higher Secondary Schools run in the same building/premises, class-IV students of Primary School shall automatically be admitted to class-V of the Upper Primary/High /Higher Secondary School as the case may be. No draw of lots is required to be done in case of admission of such children. After admission of all such interested candidates in class-V the rest seats shall be filled up through the process of draw of lots.
vi) If however, any parent/guardian fail to get his/her ward admitted to any school through the process of draw of lots he/she may apply to the District Inspector of Schools (PE)/District Inspector of Schools (SE) as the case may be for admission of his/her ward in neighbourhood school. District Inspector (PE)/ District Inspector (SE) will arrange for admission of such children in a neighbourhood school.
vii) Sub-Inspector of Schools shall ascertain the names of students of class-IV who failed to get admission in any school through the process of draw of lots and ensure admission of all such students in class-V in neighbourhood school and send compliance report to the District Inspector of Schools (PE) within 7th February, 2016
This may be communicated to all concerned for strict compliance.
Sd/- A. Roy
Pr. Secretary
School Education Department
No. 866-SE dated 19.11.2015
Admission of Children in Elementary Classes for Session, 2022
Admission Procedure in Elementary Classes for Session, 2022
Admission of Children in Govt. Schools/ Model Schools, 2019
Admission of Children in Govt. Sponsored /Aided Schools, 2017
Admission of Children in Govt. Schools /Model Schools, 2017
Admission of Children in Elementary Classes in Schools, 2013
Admission of Children in Pre-Primary Class for Session, 2013
Admission, RTE
Government Circulars, Notifications
Department-wise Notification
West Bengal Government Schemes
Tools – Excel Utility, Calculator
Free eBook/ Handbook of Circulars
Syllabus of Class I to VIII
Syllabus of Class XI and XII
e-Text Books (WBBSE and WBCHSE)
How to Download GPF Statement
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