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text:
Q: jTextField validation for numbers and one decimal point? I need to set a jTextField to accept only numbers and one decimal point.Nothing else. Decimal point can't be typed more than once and no other characters are allowed. How can I do this?
I typed this code. but it doesn't work well. I mean it accept Strings until i type a decimal point
    if (!Character.isDigit(evt.getKeyChar()) & crqty.getText().indexOf(".") != -1) {
        evt.consume();
    }

A: You appear to be using a KeyListener to manage KeyEvents in theJTextField. This is not a suitable for filtering the document of this JTextComponent.  Here you could use a JFormattedTextField combined with a MaskFormatter to accept a maximum 8 digits separated by a decimal point.
JFormattedTextField textField = new JFormattedTextField();
MaskFormatter dateMask = new MaskFormatter("####.####");
dateMask.install(textField);

For a more free-format input (e.g. more digits) you could use a DocumentFilter with a JTextField. Here is an integer filter example

A: Very good question! I downloaded this code (I can't remember which site it was) a long time ago which allows you to enter only a numbers:
import java.awt.Color;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.text.*;

public class JNumericField extends JTextField {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private static final char DOT = '.';
    private static final char NEGATIVE = '-';
    private static final String BLANK = "";
    private static final int DEF_PRECISION = 2;

    public static final int NUMERIC = 2;
    public static final int DECIMAL = 3;

    public static final String FM_NUMERIC = "0123456789";
    public static final String FM_DECIMAL = FM_NUMERIC + DOT;

    private int maxLength = 0;
    private int format = NUMERIC;
    private String negativeChars = BLANK;
    private String allowedChars = null;
    private boolean allowNegative = false;
    private int precision = 0;

    protected PlainDocument numberFieldFilter;

    public JNumericField() {

        this(2, DECIMAL);
    }

    public JNumericField(int iMaxLen) {
        this(iMaxLen, NUMERIC);
    }

    public JNumericField(int iMaxLen, int iFormat) {
        setAllowNegative(true);
        setMaxLength(iMaxLen);
        setFormat(iFormat);

        numberFieldFilter = new JNumberFieldFilter();
        super.setDocument(numberFieldFilter);
    }

    public void setMaxLength(int maxLen) {
        if (maxLen > 0)
            maxLength = maxLen;
        else
            maxLength = 0;
    }

    public int getMaxLength() {
        return maxLength;
    }

    public void setEnabled(boolean enable) {
        super.setEnabled(enable);

        if (enable) {
            setBackground(Color.white);
            setForeground(Color.black);
        } else {
            setBackground(Color.lightGray);
            setForeground(Color.darkGray);
        }
    }

    public void setEditable(boolean enable) {
        super.setEditable(enable);

        if (enable) {
            setBackground(Color.white);
            setForeground(Color.black);
        } else {
            setBackground(Color.lightGray);
            setForeground(Color.darkGray);
        }
    }

    public void setPrecision(int iPrecision) {
        if (format == NUMERIC)
            return;

        if (iPrecision >= 0)
            precision = iPrecision;
        else
            precision = DEF_PRECISION;
    }

    public int getPrecision() {
        return precision;
    }

    public Number getNumber() {
        Number number = null;
        if (format == NUMERIC)
            number = new Integer(getText());
        else
            number = new Double(getText());

        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(Number value) {
        setText(String.valueOf(value));
    }

    public int getInt() {
        return Integer.parseInt(getText());
    }

    public void setInt(int value) {
        setText(String.valueOf(value));
    }

    public float getFloat() {
        return (new Float(getText())).floatValue();
    }

    public void setFloat(float value) {
        setText(String.valueOf(value));
    }

    public double getDouble() {
        return (new Double(getText())).doubleValue();
    }

    public void setDouble(double value) {
        setText(String.valueOf(value));
    }

    public int getFormat() {
        return format;
    }

    public void setFormat(int iFormat) {
        switch (iFormat) {
        case NUMERIC:
        default:
            format = NUMERIC;
            precision = 0;
            allowedChars = FM_NUMERIC;
            break;

        case DECIMAL:
            format = DECIMAL;
            precision = DEF_PRECISION;
            allowedChars = FM_DECIMAL;
            break;
        }
    }

    public void setAllowNegative(boolean b) {
        allowNegative = b;

        if (b)
            negativeChars = "" + NEGATIVE;
        else
            negativeChars = BLANK;
    }

    public boolean isAllowNegative() {
        return allowNegative;
    }

    public void setDocument(Document document) {
    }

    class JNumberFieldFilter extends PlainDocument {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

        public JNumberFieldFilter() {
            super();
        }

        public void insertString(int offset, String str, AttributeSet attr)
                throws BadLocationException {
            String text = getText(0, offset) + str
                    + getText(offset, (getLength() - offset));

            if (str == null || text == null)
                return;

            for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
                if ((allowedChars + negativeChars).indexOf(str.charAt(i)) == -1)
                    return;
            }

            int precisionLength = 0, dotLength = 0, minusLength = 0;
            int textLength = text.length();

            try {
                if (format == NUMERIC) {
                    if (!((text.equals(negativeChars)) && (text.length() == 1)))
                        new Long(text);
                } else if (format == DECIMAL) {
                    if (!((text.equals(negativeChars)) && (text.length() == 1)))
                        new Double(text);

                    int dotIndex = text.indexOf(DOT);
                    if (dotIndex != -1) {
                        dotLength = 1;
                        precisionLength = textLength - dotIndex - dotLength;

                        if (precisionLength > precision)
                            return;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                return;
            }

            if (text.startsWith("" + NEGATIVE)) {
                if (!allowNegative)
                    return;
                else
                    minusLength = 1;
            }

            if (maxLength < (textLength - dotLength - precisionLength - minusLength))
                return;

            super.insertString(offset, str, attr);
        }
    }
}

You will use it in this way:
JNumericField numField = new JNumericField();

numField.setMaxLength(10); //Set maximum length
numField.setPrecision(1); //Set precision (1 in your case)
numField.setAllowNegative(true); //Set false to disable negatives

A: You can do simple validation for your JTextField....
JTextField.addKeyListener(new java.awt.event.KeyAdapter() {
  public void keyTyped(java.awt.event.KeyEvent evt) {

    char text[];
        int count = 0;
        text = JTextField.getText().toCharArray();
        for(int i = 0 ; i< text.length ; i++){
            if(text[i] == '.'){
                count++;
            }
        }
        if(count>=1 && evt.getKeyChar() == '.'){
            evt.consume();
        }

  }
});

A:    if(!Character.isDigit(evt.getKeyChar())&&evt.getKeyChar()!='.'){
       evt.consume();
   }
   if(evt.getKeyChar()=='.'&&jTextField1.getText().contains(".")){
      evt.consume();
       }

A: char c=evt.getKeyChar();
if(!(Character.isDigit(c)||
    (c==KeyEvent.VK_BACK_SPACE)||c==KeyEvent.VK_DELETE||evt.getKeyChar() == '.')){
//  evt.getKeyChar() == '.' does accept point when jtextfield accepts decimal number
  evt.consume();
  getToolkit().beep();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This is a gallery subpage for Sonic Mania. Note that it contains all images from the said article. If there is an image that belongs on this article, please insert it on this page.
Leaked pencil test of a an unused, alternate scene featuring Sonic and Heavy King.
Naoto Ohshima's original illustration of Sonic, which was repurposed for promotional material.
Sonic turnaround used to make the intro animation.
Concept artwork of the Hard Boiled Heavies.
All illustrated by Tom Fry, unless stated otherwise.
Act 2 of Green Hill Zone.
Act 1 of Chemical Plant Zone.
Act 2 of Chemical Plant Zone.
Act 1 of Flying Battery Zone.
Act 2 of Flying Battery Zone.
Act 1 of Press Garden Zone.
Act 2 of Press Garden Zone.
Act 1 of Stardust Speedway Zone.
Act 2 of Stardust Speedway Zone.
The Metal Sonic Projector seen at the start of the fight.
Metal Sonic using the V. Maximum Overdrive Attack.
Act 1 of Hydrocity Zone.
Act 2 of Hydrocity Zone.
Act 1 of Mirage Saloon Zone.
The Heavy Magician pushing Knuckles off from the Tornado.
The Heavy Magician greeting Sonic and Tails at the beginning of the Act.
The Heavy Magician at the end of the Act.
The Heavy Magician releasing the Uber Caterkiller.
The boss of Mirage Saloon Zone Act 1 for Sonic and Tails.
The Heavy Magician morphed into the form of Bean the Dynamite.
The boss of Mirage Saloon Zone Act 1 for Knuckles.
Act 2 of Mirage Saloon Zone.
The Heavy Magician entering in her box.
The Heavy Magician in the form of Fang the Sniper.
The Heavy Magician in the form of Bark the Polar Bear.
The Heavy Magician in the form of Bean the Dynamite.
Act 1 of Oil Ocean Zone.
Act 2 of Oil Ocean Zone.
Act 1 of Lava Reef Zone.
Act 2 of Lava Reef Zone.
The Heavy Rider and Jimmy facing Sonic.
The Heavy Rider and Sonic in the racing arena.
The Heavy Rider landing after performing a stunt.
Sonic hitting Jimmy, which caused him to spring back on the ground.
The Heavy Rider charging towards Sonic.
The Heavy King using the power of the Master Emerald.
The Heavy King attacking with his scepter.
The Heavy King using his orbs as a shield.
The Heavy King subdued (notice the scepter breaking upon defeat).
The Heavy King preparing to flee.
Act 1 of Metallic Madness Zone.
Act 2 of Metallic Madness Zone.
Act 1 of Titanic Monarch Zone.
Act 2 of Titanic Monarch Zone.
The Phantom Egg, with the room's lights of and before the battle begins.
The Phantom Egg and Sonic as the fight begins.
The Phantom Egg activating his shield.
The Phantom Egg situating himself.
The Phantom Egg using his holographic hands.
The Phantom Egg grabbing Sonic.
The Phantom Egg, now with only three tethers.
The Phantom Egg firing missiles.
The Phantom Egg capturing Sonic.
The Phantom Egg standing up while the tethers electrify themselves.
The Phantom Egg, now with only two tethers.
The Phantom Egg with only a tether left.
The Phantom Gunner body during the Phantom Egg fight.
The Phantom Shinobi body during the Phantom Egg fight.
The Phantom Magician during the Phantom Egg boss fight.
The Phantom Rider during the Phantom Egg fight.
Phantom King taking the Phantom Ruby.
Eggman and Phantom King fighting over ownership of the Phantom Ruby.
Super Sonic facing the Phantom King.
Super Sonic in the Egg Reverie Zone.
Dr. Eggman in his diving suit.


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text:
America Threatens to Pull Out of Nuclear Arms Treaty; Russia Warns of New Nuclear Arms Race
Published: December 24, 2018 Updated: June 13, 2019 at 2:11 pm EST
Russia claims that it will 'respond in kind' if America quits the Intermediate Nuclear Forces treaty, which could result in the first nuclear arms race since the end of the cold war.
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov commented on Donald Trump's threats to quit the treaty on Saturday; he stated that America is in danger of making the world a more volatile place.
Further, Peskov claimed that Russia would be forced to act 'to restore the balance of military power.'
'This is a question of strategic security. Such measures can make the world more dangerous,' he said.
'It means that the United States is not disguising, but is openly starting to develop these systems in the future.
'If these systems are being developed, then actions are necessary from other countries, in this case, Russia, to restore balance in this sphere.'
'President Putin had repeatedly said that the demise of the treaty would force Russia to take specific steps to protect its own security.'
President Trump said that he would end the treaty which was signed by President Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev in 1987.
The treaty in question was instrumental in bringing about the close of the cold war because it banned either country from developing short or medium-range missiles.
In the past, America has accused Russia of breaching the treaty by creating a missile which is capable of an estimated range of 3,000 miles.
However, according to Peskov, America has yet to give official notice regarding their desire to quit the treaty, in fact, John Bolton the Senior National Security Advisor is expected to discuss the topic with officials in Moscow.
Furthermore, if America does decide to leave the treaty, there is a six month cooling off period, which disallows either country from developing newer short to medium range nuclear missile technology.
'Putin has said many times said the United States de facto is taking measures that are eroding the conditions of this treaty,' said Peskov, referring to strike drones and anti-missile systems capable of destroying short and intermediate-range rockets.
President Trump on Saturday stated regarding the matter that; "Russia has violated the agreement. They've been violating it for many years."
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Use ProEngineer to generate 3D layouts and 2D GD&T drawings for all mobile products. Administer the ProEngineer database for the group of engineers creating data.
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Create, validate, and manage engine drive systems including cooler, muffler, air filter, clutch, and hydraulic pump drive design. Includes new power units that meet current Tier requirements.
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Involved in creating and troubleshooting hydraulic schematics and fluid power systems (pumps, motors, various valves).
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I'm currently using Wildfire 4 with Intralink 9.1 data manager. I'm the CAD administrator for all ProEngineer tasks and maintenance.
Contributing member of the Silica/Milling Machine Partnership with NAPA, NIOSH, and others.
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text:
Q: Let $f : X\rightarrow Y$ and $C, D \subseteq Y$. Fill and prove formulas. Definition:
Let $f: A\rightarrow B$ be function and $X\subseteq A$.
The image of set X is defined as a set $f[X] = \{b\in B \:|\: \exists a\in X: f(a) = b\}$. Inverse image of set $Y\subseteq B$ is defined as $f^{-1} = \{a\in A\:|\:f(a)\in Y\}$.
Let $f : X\rightarrow Y$ and $C, D \subseteq Y$. Fill and prove formulas:
$$f[f^{-1}[C]] \: ? \: C$$
$$f[f^{-1}[C]]  = \: ?$$
I have read few articles about functions, images and inverse images and found that these two formulas should probably be written the following way:
$$f[f^{-1}[C]] \subseteq C \text{ for all functions}$$
$$f[f^{-1}[C]] = C \text{ for surjective (onto) functions}$$
I could not find any proofs of them and it is what I am looking for.

A: By definition $x\in f^{-1}(C)\implies f(x)\in C$.  Thus $f(f^{-1}(C))\subseteq C$.
Now if $f$ is surjective,  then for each $c\in C$, $f^{-1}(c)\not=\emptyset$.  Hence $f(f^{-1})(c)=c$.  So $f(f^{-1})(C)=f(f^{-1})(\bigcup_{c\in C}c)=f(\bigcup_{c\in C}f^{-1}(c))=\bigcup_{c\in C} f(f^{-1})(c)=\bigcup_{c\in C}c=C$.


text:
<?php

class SpecificPriceCore extends ObjectModel
{
    public $id_product;
    public $id_specific_price_rule = 0;
    public $id_cart = 0;
    public $id_product_attribute;
    public $id_shop;
    public $id_shop_group;
    public $id_currency;
    public $id_country;
    public $id_group;
    public $id_customer;
    public $price;
    public $from_quantity;
    public $reduction;
    public $reduction_tax = 1;
    public $reduction_type;
    public $from;
    public $to;

    /**
     * @see ObjectModel::$definition
     */
    public static $definition = array(
        'table' => 'specific_price',
        'primary' => 'id_specific_price',
        'fields' => array(
            'id_shop_group' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId'),
            'id_shop' =>                array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'id_cart' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'id_product' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'id_product_attribute' =>    array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId'),
            'id_currency' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'id_specific_price_rule' =>    array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId'),
            'id_country' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'id_group' =>                array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'id_customer' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedId', 'required' => true),
            'price' =>                    array('type' => self::TYPE_FLOAT, 'validate' => 'isNegativePrice', 'required' => true),
            'from_quantity' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isUnsignedInt', 'required' => true),
            'reduction' =>                array('type' => self::TYPE_FLOAT, 'validate' => 'isPrice', 'required' => true),
            'reduction_tax' =>            array('type' => self::TYPE_INT, 'validate' => 'isBool', 'required' => true),
            'reduction_type' =>        array('type' => self::TYPE_STRING, 'validate' => 'isReductionType', 'required' => true),
            'from' =>                    array('type' => self::TYPE_DATE, 'validate' => 'isDateFormat', 'required' => true),
            'to' =>                    array('type' => self::TYPE_DATE, 'validate' => 'isDateFormat', 'required' => true),
        ),
    );

    protected $webserviceParameters = array(
        'objectsNodeName' => 'specific_prices',
        'objectNodeName' => 'specific_price',
            'fields' => array(
            'id_shop_group' =>            array('xlink_resource' => 'shop_groups'),
            'id_shop' =>                array('xlink_resource' => 'shops', 'required' => true),
            'id_cart' =>                array('xlink_resource' => 'carts', 'required' => true),
            'id_product' =>            array('xlink_resource' => 'products', 'required' => true),
            'id_product_attribute' =>        array('xlink_resource' => 'product_attributes'),
            'id_currency' =>            array('xlink_resource' => 'currencies', 'required' => true),
            'id_country' =>            array('xlink_resource' => 'countries', 'required' => true),
            'id_group' =>                array('xlink_resource' => 'groups', 'required' => true),
            'id_customer' =>            array('xlink_resource' => 'customers', 'required' => true),
            ),
    );

    protected static $_specificPriceCache = array();
    protected static $_filterOutCache = array();
    protected static $_cache_priorities = array();
    protected static $_no_specific_values = array();

    /**
     * Flush local cache
     */
    protected function flushCache() {
        SpecificPrice::$_specificPriceCache = array();
        SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache = array();
        SpecificPrice::$_cache_priorities = array();
        SpecificPrice::$_no_specific_values = array();
        Product::flushPriceCache();
    }

    public function add($autodate = true, $nullValues = false)
    {
        if (parent::add($autodate, $nullValues)) {
            // Flush cache when we adding a new specific price
            $this->flushCache();
            // Set cache of feature detachable to true
            Configuration::updateGlobalValue('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_FEATURE_ACTIVE', '1');
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public function update($null_values = false)
    {
        if (parent::update($null_values)) {
            // Flush cache when we updating a new specific price
            $this->flushCache();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public function delete()
    {
        if (parent::delete()) {
            // Flush cache when we deletind a new specific price
            $this->flushCache();
            // Refresh cache of feature detachable
            Configuration::updateGlobalValue('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_FEATURE_ACTIVE', SpecificPrice::isCurrentlyUsed($this->def['table']));
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public static function getByProductId($id_product, $id_product_attribute = false, $id_cart = false)
    {
        return Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->executeS('
			SELECT *
			FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
			WHERE `id_product` = '.(int)$id_product.
            ($id_product_attribute ? ' AND id_product_attribute = '.(int)$id_product_attribute : '').'
			AND id_cart = '.(int)$id_cart);
    }

    public static function deleteByIdCart($id_cart, $id_product = false, $id_product_attribute = false)
    {
        return Db::getInstance()->execute('
			DELETE FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
			WHERE id_cart='.(int)$id_cart.
            ($id_product ? ' AND id_product='.(int)$id_product.' AND id_product_attribute='.(int)$id_product_attribute : ''));
    }

    public static function getIdsByProductId($id_product, $id_product_attribute = false, $id_cart = 0)
    {
        return Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->executeS('
			SELECT `id_specific_price`
			FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
			WHERE `id_product` = '.(int)$id_product.'
			AND id_product_attribute='.(int)$id_product_attribute.'
			AND id_cart='.(int)$id_cart);
    }

    /**
     * score generation for quantity discount
     */
    protected static function _getScoreQuery($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $id_customer)
    {
        $select = '(';

        $priority = SpecificPrice::getPriority($id_product);
        foreach (array_reverse($priority) as $k => $field) {
            if (!empty($field)) {
                $select .= ' IF (`'.bqSQL($field).'` = '.(int)$$field.', '.pow(2, $k + 1).', 0) + ';
            }
        }

        return rtrim($select, ' +').') AS `score`';
    }

    public static function getPriority($id_product)
    {
        if (!SpecificPrice::isFeatureActive()) {
            return explode(';', Configuration::get('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_PRIORITIES'));
        }

        if (!isset(SpecificPrice::$_cache_priorities[(int)$id_product])) {
            SpecificPrice::$_cache_priorities[(int)$id_product] = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->getValue('
				SELECT `priority`, `id_specific_price_priority`
				FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price_priority`
				WHERE `id_product` = '.(int)$id_product.'
				ORDER BY `id_specific_price_priority` DESC
			');
        }

        $priority = SpecificPrice::$_cache_priorities[(int)$id_product];

        if (!$priority) {
            $priority = Configuration::get('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_PRIORITIES');
        }
        $priority = 'id_customer;'.$priority;

        return preg_split('/;/', $priority);
    }

    /**
     * Remove or add a field value to a query if values are present in the database (cache friendly)
     *
     * @param string $field_name
     * @param int $field_value
     * @param int $threshold
     * @return string
     * @throws PrestaShopDatabaseException
     */
    protected static function filterOutField($field_name, $field_value, $threshold = 1000)
    {
        $query_extra = 'AND `'.$field_name.'` = 0 ';
        if ($field_value == 0 || array_key_exists($field_name, self::$_no_specific_values)) {
            return $query_extra;
        }
        $key_cache     = __FUNCTION__.'-'.$field_name.'-'.$threshold;
        $specific_list = array();
        if (!array_key_exists($key_cache, SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache)) {
            $query_count    = 'SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT `'.$field_name.'`) FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price` WHERE `'.$field_name.'` != 0';
            $specific_count = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->getValue($query_count);
            if ($specific_count == 0) {
                self::$_no_specific_values[$field_name] = true;

                return $query_extra;
            }
            if ($specific_count < $threshold) {
                $query             = 'SELECT DISTINCT `'.$field_name.'` FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price` WHERE `'.$field_name.'` != 0';
                $tmp_specific_list = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->executeS($query);
                foreach ($tmp_specific_list as $key => $value) {
                    $specific_list[] = $value[$field_name];
                }
            }
            SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache[$key_cache] = $specific_list;
        } else {
            $specific_list = SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache[$key_cache];
        }

        // $specific_list is empty if the threshold is reached
        if (empty($specific_list) || in_array($field_value, $specific_list)) {
            $query_extra = 'AND `'.$field_name.'` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $field_value).' ';
        }

        return $query_extra;
    }

    /**
     * Remove or add useless fields value depending on the values in the database (cache friendly)
     *
     * @param int|null $id_product
     * @param int|null $id_product_attribute
     * @param int|null $id_cart
     * @param string|null $beginning
     * @param string|null $ending
     * @return string
     */
    protected static function computeExtraConditions($id_product, $id_product_attribute, $id_customer, $id_cart, $beginning = null, $ending = null)
    {
        $first_date = date('Y-m-d 00:00:00');
        $last_date = date('Y-m-d 23:59:59');
        $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:00');
        if ($beginning === null) {
            $beginning = $now;
        }
        if ($ending === null) {
            $ending = $now;
        }
        $id_customer = (int)$id_customer;

        $query_extra = '';

        if ($id_product !== null) {
            $query_extra .= self::filterOutField('id_product', $id_product);
        }

        if ($id_customer !== null) {
            $query_extra .= self::filterOutField('id_customer', $id_customer);
        }

        if ($id_product_attribute !== null) {
            $query_extra .= self::filterOutField('id_product_attribute', $id_product_attribute);
        }

        if ($id_cart !== null) {
            $query_extra .= self::filterOutField('id_cart', $id_cart);
        }

        if ($ending == $now && $beginning == $now) {
            $key = __FUNCTION__.'-'.$first_date.'-'.$last_date;
            if (!array_key_exists($key, SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache)) {
                $query_from_count    = 'SELECT 1 FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price` WHERE `from` BETWEEN \''.$first_date.'\' AND \''.$last_date.'\'';
                $from_specific_count = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->getValue($query_from_count);

                $query_to_count                       = 'SELECT 1 FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price` WHERE `to` BETWEEN \''.$first_date.'\' AND \''.$last_date.'\'';

                $to_specific_count                    = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->getValue($query_to_count);
                SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache[$key] = array($from_specific_count, $to_specific_count);
            } else {
                list($from_specific_count, $to_specific_count) = SpecificPrice::$_filterOutCache[$key];
            }
        } else {
            $from_specific_count = $to_specific_count = 1;
        }

        // if the from and to is not reached during the current day, just change $ending & $beginning to any date of the day to improve the cache
        if (!$from_specific_count && !$to_specific_count) {
            $ending = $beginning = $first_date;
        }

        $query_extra .= ' AND (`from` = \'0000-00-00 00:00:00\' OR \''.$beginning.'\' >= `from`)'
                       .' AND (`to` = \'0000-00-00 00:00:00\' OR \''.$ending.'\' <= `to`)';

        return $query_extra;
    }

    private static function formatIntInQuery($first_value, $second_value) {
        $first_value = (int)$first_value;
        $second_value = (int)$second_value;
        if ($first_value != $second_value) {
            return 'IN ('.$first_value.', '.$second_value.')';
        } else {
            return ' = '.$first_value;
        }
    }

    public static function getSpecificPrice($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $quantity, $id_product_attribute = null, $id_customer = 0, $id_cart = 0, $real_quantity = 0)
    {
        if (!SpecificPrice::isFeatureActive()) {
            return array();
        }
        /*
        ** The date is not taken into account for the cache, but this is for the better because it keeps the consistency for the whole script.
        ** The price must not change between the top and the bottom of the page
        */

        $key = ((int)$id_product.'-'.(int)$id_shop.'-'.(int)$id_currency.'-'.(int)$id_country.'-'.(int)$id_group.'-'.(int)$quantity.'-'.(int)$id_product_attribute.'-'.(int)$id_cart.'-'.(int)$id_customer.'-'.(int)$real_quantity);
        if (!array_key_exists($key, SpecificPrice::$_specificPriceCache)) {
            $query_extra = self::computeExtraConditions($id_product, $id_product_attribute, $id_customer, $id_cart);
            $query = '
			SELECT *, '.SpecificPrice::_getScoreQuery($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $id_customer).'
				FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
				WHERE
                `id_shop` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_shop).' AND
                `id_currency` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_currency).' AND
                `id_country` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_country).' AND
                `id_group` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_group).' '.$query_extra.'
				AND IF(`from_quantity` > 1, `from_quantity`, 0) <= ';

            $query .= (Configuration::get('PS_QTY_DISCOUNT_ON_COMBINATION') || !$id_cart || !$real_quantity) ? (int)$quantity : max(1, (int)$real_quantity);
            $query .= ' ORDER BY `id_product_attribute` DESC, `from_quantity` DESC, `id_specific_price_rule` ASC, `score` DESC, `to` DESC, `from` DESC';

            SpecificPrice::$_specificPriceCache[$key] = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->getRow($query);
        }
        return SpecificPrice::$_specificPriceCache[$key];
    }

    public static function setPriorities($priorities)
    {
        $value = '';
        if (is_array($priorities)) {
            foreach ($priorities as $priority) {
                $value .= pSQL($priority).';';
            }
        }

        SpecificPrice::deletePriorities();

        return Configuration::updateValue('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_PRIORITIES', rtrim($value, ';'));
    }

    public static function deletePriorities()
    {
        return Db::getInstance()->execute('
		TRUNCATE `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price_priority`
		');
    }

    public static function setSpecificPriority($id_product, $priorities)
    {
        $value = '';
        foreach ($priorities as $priority) {
            $value .= pSQL($priority).';';
        }

        return Db::getInstance()->execute('
		INSERT INTO `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price_priority` (`id_product`, `priority`)
		VALUES ('.(int)$id_product.',\''.pSQL(rtrim($value, ';')).'\')
		ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `priority` = \''.pSQL(rtrim($value, ';')).'\'
		');
    }

    public static function getQuantityDiscounts($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $id_product_attribute = null, $all_combinations = false, $id_customer = 0)
    {
        if (!SpecificPrice::isFeatureActive()) {
            return array();
        }

        $query_extra = self::computeExtraConditions($id_product, ((!$all_combinations)?$id_product_attribute:null), $id_customer, null);
        $result = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->executeS('
			SELECT *,
					'.SpecificPrice::_getScoreQuery($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $id_customer).'
				FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
				WHERE
					`id_shop` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_shop).' AND
					`id_currency` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_currency).' AND
					`id_country` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_country).' AND
					`id_group` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_group).' '.$query_extra.'
					ORDER BY `from_quantity` ASC, `id_specific_price_rule` ASC, `score` DESC, `to` DESC, `from` DESC
		', false, false);

        $targeted_prices = array();
        $last_quantity = array();

        while ($specific_price = Db::getInstance()->nextRow($result)) {
            if (!isset($last_quantity[(int)$specific_price['id_product_attribute']])) {
                $last_quantity[(int)$specific_price['id_product_attribute']] = $specific_price['from_quantity'];
            } elseif ($last_quantity[(int)$specific_price['id_product_attribute']] == $specific_price['from_quantity']) {
                continue;
            }

            $last_quantity[(int)$specific_price['id_product_attribute']] = $specific_price['from_quantity'];
            if ($specific_price['from_quantity'] > 1) {
                $targeted_prices[] = $specific_price;
            }
        }

        return $targeted_prices;
    }

    public static function getQuantityDiscount($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $quantity, $id_product_attribute = null, $id_customer = 0)
    {
        if (!SpecificPrice::isFeatureActive()) {
            return array();
        }

        $query_extra = self::computeExtraConditions($id_product, $id_product_attribute, $id_customer, null);
        return Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->getRow('
			SELECT *,
					'.SpecificPrice::_getScoreQuery($id_product, $id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $id_customer).'
			FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
			WHERE
					`id_shop` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_shop).' AND
					`id_currency` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_currency).' AND
					`id_country` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_country).' AND
					`id_group` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_group).' AND
					`from_quantity` >= '.(int)$quantity.' '.$query_extra.'
					ORDER BY `from_quantity` DESC, `score` DESC, `to` DESC, `from` DESC
		');
    }

    public static function getProductIdByDate($id_shop, $id_currency, $id_country, $id_group, $beginning, $ending, $id_customer = 0, $with_combination_id = false)
    {
        if (!SpecificPrice::isFeatureActive()) {
            return array();
        }

        $query_extra = self::computeExtraConditions(null, null, $id_customer, null, $beginning, $ending);
        $results = Db::getInstance(_PS_USE_SQL_SLAVE_)->executeS('
			SELECT `id_product`, `id_product_attribute`
			FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price`
			WHERE	`id_shop` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_shop).' AND
					`id_currency` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_currency).' AND
					`id_country` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_country).' AND
					`id_group` '.self::formatIntInQuery(0, $id_group).' AND
					`from_quantity` = 1 AND
					`reduction` > 0
		'.$query_extra);
        $ids_product = array();
        foreach($results as $key => $value) {
            $ids_product[] = $with_combination_id ? array('id_product' => (int)$value['id_product'], 'id_product_attribute' => (int)$value['id_product_attribute']) : (int)$value['id_product'];
        }

        return $ids_product;
    }

    public static function deleteByProductId($id_product)
    {
        if (Db::getInstance()->execute('DELETE FROM `'._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price` WHERE `id_product` = '.(int)$id_product)) {
            // Refresh cache of feature detachable
            Configuration::updateGlobalValue('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_FEATURE_ACTIVE', SpecificPrice::isCurrentlyUsed('specific_price'));
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public function duplicate($id_product = false)
    {
        if ($id_product) {
            $this->id_product = (int)$id_product;
        }
        unset($this->id);
        return $this->add();
    }

    /**
     * This method is allow to know if a feature is used or active
     * @since 1.5.0.1
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function isFeatureActive()
    {
        static $feature_active = null;

        if ($feature_active === null) {
            $feature_active = Configuration::get('PS_SPECIFIC_PRICE_FEATURE_ACTIVE');
        }
        return $feature_active;
    }

    public static function exists($id_product, $id_product_attribute, $id_shop, $id_group, $id_country, $id_currency, $id_customer, $from_quantity, $from, $to, $rule = false)
    {
        $rule = ' AND `id_specific_price_rule`'.(!$rule ? '=0' : '!=0');
        return (int)Db::getInstance()->getValue('SELECT `id_specific_price`
												FROM '._DB_PREFIX_.'specific_price
												WHERE `id_product`='.(int)$id_product.' AND
													`id_product_attribute`='.(int)$id_product_attribute.' AND
													`id_shop`='.(int)$id_shop.' AND
													`id_group`='.(int)$id_group.' AND
													`id_country`='.(int)$id_country.' AND
													`id_currency`='.(int)$id_currency.' AND
													`id_customer`='.(int)$id_customer.' AND
													`from_quantity`='.(int)$from_quantity.' AND
													`from` >= \''.pSQL($from).'\' AND
													`to` <= \''.pSQL($to).'\''.$rule);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: loading existent s3 file through spark gives 403 in scala, but not in python sup y'all
in python, this executes no problem:
sc._jsc.hadoopConfiguration().set("fs.s3a.access.key", "...")
sc._jsc.hadoopConfiguration().set("fs.s3a.secret.key", "...")
sc.textFile("s3a://path").count()

someBigNumber

in scala, i get a 403:
sc.hadoopConfiguration.set("fs.s3a.access.key", "...")
sc.hadoopConfiguration.set("fs.s3a.secret.key", "...")
sc.textFile("s3a://path").count()

StackTrace: com.amazonaws.services.s3.model.AmazonS3Exception: Forbidden (Service: Amazon S3; Status Code: 403; Error Code: 403 Forbidden; Request ID: ...)

why?
this is all spark 2.0.
thanks

A: *

*Try to set the properties before you create the SC, e.g set sparkConf "spark.hadoop.fs.s3a..." = value

*Spark tries to be clever in spark submit and copy in the AWS_ env vars into the s3a and s3n properties prior to submission, even if the properties are set. This can stamp on your settings. Look at them, verify their correctness, maybe unset them (or try setting them).

*And S3a goes through the auth sequence of: attempt hadoop props; attempt env vars in destination process; attempt EC2 IAM role (exact checks & ordering is Hadoop JAR dependent). It may be something at the far end is causing fun here.

*There's another emergency option, which is pretty insecure, of putting the username:pass in the url, such as s3a://AAID43ss:1356@bucket/path. This doesn't work on Hadoop < 2.8 if there is a / in the secret, and your secrets get logged to the console. Use carefully. Update this was cut from Hadoop 3.2 after many years of warning the users to stop it.

Trying to debug auth problems is a PITA as the code deliberately avoids having useful debug statements: we don't dare log the properties.
You may find something useful in the Troubleshooting S3A section of the Hadoop docs. Do bear in mind that this covers later versions of Hadoop; some things mentioned there won't be valid.
Enjoy
Steve L (currently working on the S3A code)

A: It means in this case, Python and Scala are "incompatible" and Scala doesn't have access to the amazonaws. Maybe the key is different and you have a typo on the Scala code, or maybe Scala doesn't work with amazonaws anymore due to amazonaws changing.


text:
/gs_flipbook/flip.php?xml=/demo_xml/121306.xml&w=500&h=375
https://watermark.dmsguild.com/pdf_previews/121306-sample.pdf
D&D Rules Compendium (4e)
This handy and comprehensive Dungeons & Dragons book is intended as a quick rules reference. It contains the complete core rules for the 4th Edition Dungeons & Dragons Fantasy Roleplaying Game.
In addition to providing an overview of the game and how it's played, this book presents the core rules in a format that is easily referenced during a game. It includes information on level advancement, combat, experience points, treasure, skills, equipment, and more.
The 320-page Rules Compendium (2010) is a largely "fluff-free" book. That makes it lousy bedtime reading perhaps, unless you're a rules enthusiast, but regardless, it's a superb in-game reference. With a detailed table of contents and index, well-defined chapters and rules organization, and plenty of clear examples, this one book acts as a fast and useful rules reference that encompasses the rules content of multiple other 4e books.
Lead By Example. Rules without examples are often unintuitive or subject to interpretation. The Rules Compendium does an exemplary job of making sure that edge cases and commonly misunderstood rules have useful examples. In many cases, rules are rewritten to be particularly clear and unambiguous—a good choice, and it makes for easier reading.
Mind you, I sort of miss those 1e AD&D days when we used to argue for 45 minutes about how surprise worked. I'm pretty sure that's only nostalgia, though.
Powerless yet Mighty. The basics of character creation are included herein, along with an overview of cosmology, campaign settings, and how to play. Chapters are listed as follows:
Adventurers and Monsters
Exploration and the Environment
Building Encounters
Understanding Powers
What the book doesn't include is complete powers for every class. That makes sense; this books is not meant to be an encyclopedic reference for every class's abilities, but a rules reference for scattered rules from multiple sources.
All in One. Rules expansions, errata, and clarifications are also included in this book. I think what always impresses me about it is that it's got everything I could ask for. Nifty magical terrain features? Check. Mirror crystals, fey circles, and giant spiderwebs. Quest XP and reward levels? Check, making it easy to reward heroes after an adventure. Aquatic combat? Absolutely, including rules for underwater terrain and 3-dimensional combat.
If you play 4e D&D and you don't like hauling around a lot of books, get the Rules Compendium. You'll be happy for the cleaned-up rules and as well as the quick reference.
About the Creators. Rob Heinsoo isn't just a driving creative force behind 4e D&D, he's also half of the team behind the superb game 13th Age. Be sure to check it out.
Andy Collins is one of the core architects of 4e D&D, and his 3e work includes Complete Warrior, Draconomicon, and Unearthed Arcana. He is Lead Story Designer for the Marvel Heroes MMO.
James Wyatt is a former United Methodist minister who, as an Origins and ENnie Award-winning novelist and game designer, has written and co-authored numerous D&D publications since 2000.
Jeremy Crawford is a developer for D&D whose design and development credits include all the books in the Dungeons & Dragons Essentials line, alongside the Player's Handbook 1, PHB2, and PHB3.
History and commentary of this product was written by Kevin Kulp, game designer and admin of the independent D&D fansite ENWorld. Please feel free to mail corrections, comments, and additions to kevin.kulp@gmail.com.
Stjepan S July 01, 2019 3:42 am UTC
PURCHASER
Any chance of a POD version?
Mark J February 21, 2016 6:51 am UTC
Things I found missing in this book are the rules for rolling ability scores and assigning equipment.
Don B November 21, 2013 4:40 am UTC
As a DM, I think this is D&D 4E's best product. It's priced right for the great content, too. If you don't have access to D&D Insider's online Rules Compendium, then this is the next best thing. I bought hard copies for all of my players and we reference it more than any other resource. A must have either hard copy or digital fir every D&D 4E gamer. Thanks for getting this to the masses as a legitimate PDF!
Scott F November 05, 2013 7:10 pm UTC
It only contains the rules. You'll also need at least one Players Guide/Handbook and one Monster Manual/Vault.
Andrew K November 07, 2013 8:22 pm UTC
Does this contain the entire 4E game, as the Rules Cyclopedia did the basic game, or are more books required to play 4E?
Covers everything I need at the table to GM a session of D&D. If I need a rule I can look it up quickly. Some organisational features aren't as good as they could be (e.g. conditions are spread over several pages whereas a single page is all that's [...]
A useful document to have when you can't remember something or are faced with a character wanting to make an unusual/unconventional use of a skill. The artwork is really nice. [...]
Nicholas A.
Quick warning: this has no player facing content. That said, if you want a good reference of all of 4e's rule, it's perfect. Came in handy more than once. [...]
Travis W.
Clear and concise publication of all the rules and errata of the Dungeons and Dragons 4th edition RPG. I use it on my iPad and Nook HD and it works flawlessly with both devices! -Travis [...]
Timothy B.
This is the D&D 4E book that my group uses the most. Since we play online, having a PDF copy that I can quickly CTRL+F and search is very handy. The PDF is bookmarked, so even if I can't remember what term to search for, I can find the right sect [...]
D&D Rules Compendium (4e)
Rob Heinsoo, Andy Collins, James Wyatt, Jeremy Crawford
Alex Aparin, Eric Belisle, Kerem Beyit, et al.
WTC 247530000
This title was added to our catalog on November 05, 2013.


text:
Author:Burtt-Davy, Joseph
Botanical Characters of the Maize Plant (Code Leaflet No 3 (Nature Study)) (Being a reprint from the Transvaal Agricultural Journal)
By: Burtt-Davy, Joseph
Publisher: Transvaal Education Department, Pretoria: 1909
Seller ID: 34jt
Complete. A placid copy of this booklet by the excellent Burtt-Davy. Burtt-Davy had been appointed, in 1903, botanist and agrostologist with the newly founded Transvaal Department of Agriculture. He started a collection of Transvaal plants of which he already had an intimate knowledge of the subject. These first specimens came from Meintjieskop, Irene and a trip to the western Transvaal - at the time of his retirement in 1913, his collected specimens numbered 14,000. The stapled covers have some storage and previous owner marks and scribbles (about the edges). They are otherwise assured and...
The Planting and Cultivation of the Maize Crop (Farmers' Bulletin 84)
Publisher: Transvaal Department of Agriculture: 1909
Inscription: Signed
11 pages (complete). The pamphlet signed by Joseph Burtt-Davy on the front page. Burtt-Davy was an extraordinary man: in 1903, he was appointed botanist and agrostologist with the newly founded Transvaal Department of Agriculture. He started a collection of Transvaal plants of which he already had an intimate knowledge of the subject. These first specimens came from Meintjieskop, Irene and a trip to the western Transvaal - at the time of his retirement in 1913, his collected specimens numbered 14,000. Burt-Davy was much interested on the subject of plant introduction. He imported plants and...
Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Transvaal and Swaziland
By: Burtt-Davy, Joseph; Pott-Leendertz, Reno
Publisher: Government Printing and Stationery Office: 1912
Seller ID: 81ok
The boards are shelf rubbed and edge worn, but remain strong and sturdy. Internally, the title page is rather worn, but remains intact and legible. There are ink notes on the "Introductory Note" page and there is tanning and edge wear throughout. Despite this, the pages are legible and complete. The binding is secure. JK. Our orders are shipped using tracked courier delivery services.
Manual of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Transvaal with Swaziland, South Africa: Part I - Pteridophyta to Bombacaceae
By: Davy, Joseph Burtt
Publisher: Longmans, Green, and Co. Ltd., London etc: 1926
Seller ID: 30qk
271 pages (complete). Signed by Burtt Davy on the frontispage. A mild-mannered copy. The thin card covers have storage/ shelving wear to the edges and spine. They are scuffed and a little marked by handling. They are yet comfortable, secure. The thin paper pages are assured. Rough-cut. They have some very light user wear about the edges. They are otherwise clean, clear, most diligent and tidy, more than competent, orderly, keen. fk. Our orders are shipped using tracked courier delivery services.


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Descend to drop new album "Wither" in January
Posted by GageT on Monday, November 25, 2013 at 12:03 PM (PST)
Swedish progressive death outfit Descend have announced that they will be releasing their sophomore effort Wither on January 24, 2014 via Inverse Records. That's the album art over there on the left. You can stream album cut "Diabolic" over on the band's Soundcloud.
The band will be celebrating the album release with a show on Friday, January 24 at Rocks in Stockholm. The band says "Indulge in this impending doom and join us at Rocks on the night of the release where we will play the album and perhaps a few old songs."
If you want to check out the album tracklist, then click here.
"Wither" track listing:
01. Confined By Evil
02. The Rancorous Paradigm
03. In Hours Of Despair
05. Wither
06. Diabolic
07. From Grace To Grave
08. Sundown
More News On Descend:
Descend reveal "Through The Eyes Of The Burdened" album art and track list
More On: Progressive Metal, Release, Descend, Inverse Records
More On Descend
Descend Profiles: Metal Riot | Myspace


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Q: adding custom UIButton to UINavigationBar So the code I have is as follows:
// Create a containing view to position the button
    UIView *containingView = [[[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 23.5, 21.5)] autorelease];

    // Create a custom button with the image
    UIButton *button =  [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [button setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Settings.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(settings) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [button setFrame:CGRectMake(-19, -3, 21.5, 21.5)];
    [containingView addSubview:button];

    // Create a container bar button
    UIBarButtonItem *containingBarButton = [[[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:containingView] autorelease];
    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = containingBarButton;

The issue is that my Settings.png original image size is 21.5, 21.5 and there fore the button is super hard to click. I have to tap really hard in order to trigger the UITouchUpInside to be triggered. This will clearly be rejected if I put it in the app store, as it is not in compliance with apple's HIG. Is there a way around this? I still need to use UIView as the container for the UIButton as I'd like to position it correctly on the UINavigationBar

A: Try to set a bigger fram to the button like 40,40 and set the content mode to be the center so the image will apear to be in the center.
button.contentMode = UIViewContentModeCenter;
Tell me if that helped


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Accessories/Lenses
Healthy happenings
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The cage has also been optimized to work with sprockets from 11 to 32 teeth, allowing a single version to be maintained for all available sprocket sets. The upper part of the new Record 12 Speed mechanical rear derailleur gearbox is made of carbon fiber-reinforced technopolymer, contributing to its robustness and lightness, while the stop adjustment screws at the back of the rear derailleur make adjustments very simple.
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¡ Philosophy of History Now !
The purpose of this blog is to create a space for discussing all matters relevant for philosophy of history and historiography. This blog is reserved not only for scholars based at the University of Oulu. We welcome anyone and everyone to blog here. If you have a good topic, which you would like to discuss in our blog, please contact us. A cutting-edge topic, replies to ongoing debates, literature reviews, future visions and other academic matters relevant for the philosophy of history are welcome.
We worry about the philosophy of history
Oulu University's Centre for the Philosophical Study of History has posted, as the first of its Scholars in Conversation series, an interview with Prof. Herman Paul (University of Leiden) by Prof. Jouni-Matti Kuukkanen at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKHF18rPemQ.
Evolution of chemistry as a discipline of dual nature
Rein Vihalemm's1 account of science was inspired by chemistry, which was his first subject at university, and by Thomas Kuhn's historically and practically informed understanding of science2. In contrast to the then broadly practiced philosophy of science that leaned mainly on physics as the epitome of science, Vihalemm found in chemistry two aspects, only one of which resembled physics3.
JPH Editorial: Learning Lessons from History – or Not?
One of Leopold von Ranke's driving forces of his theoretical reflections was to turn historiography into a scientific discipline. This meant expunging the moral dimension from historiographical judgment. In order to arrive at a disinterested view of what really has happened, one should extinguish oneself and one's political and moral aspirations.
The Role of History in the Age of Post-truth
A narrative style is the most suitable form of expression for sharing historical knowledge and that much has been evident since the very inception of this venerable discipline. However, is the story or narrative really the most valuable product of historians? The very fact that history is being taught at almost all instances of primary and secondary education in the form of ready-made tales about nations, countries, ideas, or great ancestors seems to imply so. On the other hand, a criticism of this common practice comes from many different places.
"Hegel in Oulu"
Summary CPSH Research Stay, Oulu, 25.03-1.04.2019
The recently-founded Centre for Philosophical Studies of History, a hub for junior and senior researchers interested in conceptual and philosophical studies of history and historiography, at the University of Oulu came to my attention on the occasion of the international conference The Role of Philosophy of History, 5-7 October, 2017.
JPH Editorial: What is This Field Called Philosophy of History?
Sometimes philosophy of history is called a 'field,' comparable to other 'fields' like history, sociology or biology. At other times it is linked with theory of history, and these two are understood to form a 'field' together. But is it justified to talk about a field in either of these cases?
My Hayden White inspiration
Is all this a miracle? Jules Michelet I was stuck, and Hayden White helped me to get started. I opened Metahistory at random, and found on page 151 the historian Jules Michelet's romantic conception of the miraculous French Revolution. The Ancien Regime had finally succumbed to the 'natural' force of men and women uniting in the new nation of republican France, 'transfigured in the glory of July'.
3rd INTH Conference Place and Displacement. Conference Report
Last week the third installment of the conferences organized by the International Network for the Theory of History (INTH) took place in Stockholm, Sweden, after two previous successful rounds in Ghent, Belgium, in 2013 and Ouro Preto, Brasil, in 2016. The conference saw 150-200 participants, mostly from Europe and the Americas, but also from the Middle East, China, Japan, and Australia.
Theory After All
Comments on theoryrevolt
There's a stupid saying that if you are not a liberal when you are young you have no heart and if you are not a conservative when you are old you have no brains. I've tried to fix this idiocy by adding that if you are not a revolutionary when you are old you have no soul. I am much more radical as an old man than I was as a young man for the good reason that I've seen enough of beastliness to tolerate repetitions of it no longer and instead to oppose them as they occur daily and to speak for stopping their sources, as far as it is in my little power to do so, especially in the fields of a
Revolts, Revivals and New Paths
Recent proposals for the development of the philosophy of history
The disciplinary identity of philosophy of history is currently very much in flux, and this institutionally as well as paradigmatically. The former is evidenced by the founding of Centres like the one in Oulu and international organizations dedicated to the discipline, along with the sprouting of conferences and workshops on a wide range of topics of concern.


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https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/Charter-school-supporters-rally-in-New-Haven-11355999.php
Charter school supporters rally in New Haven against moratorium proposal
Published 7:42 pm EDT, Wednesday, March 18, 2015
Cathedral of the Holy Spirit Pastor Kenneth H. Moales Jr., who also serves on the Bridgeport Board of Education, and others protest a bill that would place a two-year moratorium on the approval process for new charter schools less
Cathedral of the Holy Spirit Pastor Kenneth H. Moales Jr., who also serves on the Bridgeport Board of Education, and others protest a bill that would place a two-year moratorium on the approval process for new ... more
Photo: Evan Lips — New Haven Register
NEW HAVEN >> A day before it will be subject to a hearing at the state House, charter school supporters held a press conference at the Booker T. Washington Academy to denounce a bill that would place a two-year moratorium on the approval process for new charter schools.
John Taylor, executive director at the academy, said "it would be extremely unfair" for a moratorium to be placed on "those schools that have done the hard work and are approved to open next school year."
The bill, introduced by the General Assembly's Education Committee, seeks to repeal a portion of the general statute governing charter school and specifically would require the state Board of Education to halt the approval of new charter schools after July 1 "until the Commission of Education develops a comprehensive statewide charter school plan and conducts a review of charter schools in existence."
The plan would have to be submitted by Feb. 1, 2017, and would be subject to review by a "joint standing committee of the General Assembly."
The committee would have to review the plan by April 1, 2017, in order to "advise the (state Department of Education) commissioner of their approval, denial or modifications, if any, of such plan and review."
Cathedral of the Holy Spirit Pastor Kenneth H. Moales Jr., who also serves on the Bridgeport Board of Education, said it was "concerning" that the bill is even being considered.
"It's an oversight that's unnecessary," he said. "The question that needs to be asked is why should it be considered? The real oversight I'd like to see is for our failing public schools. Find the last Senate bill that came out against failure. It doesn't exist."
Others who spoke included parent Anais Nunez, whose daughter Leislani attends Booker T. Washington, said Leislani is "proof that high academic achievement can be attained when a learning environment is equipped with the materials needed for success."
Nunez said Leislani, a kindergartner, recently won the school's report card challenge award.
"Families are more than just consumers," she said. "We are parents and we have a voice."
Christopher Mercer, a Norwalk parent whose two children attend public schools, said his children are currently on a charter school wait list.
"We are desperate for more great schools in Connecticut," he said. "Fewer than 10 percent of the kids at my child's school read on grade level."
After the presentation, Moales said another concern is that there "is nothing in place" for failing schools.
"The oversight is minimal," he said. "At best, they switch administrators. If the public schools are so successful, why are they afraid of the charters?"
Asked to respond to common criticisms, such as complaints that charter schools cherry-pick the best students, Moales responding by pointing out that magnet schools operate the same way.
"Nobody discusses how selective magnet schools are," he said. "Parents that want to have their children go to charter schools go the extra mile.
"It's not pro charter, anti charter, pro or anti union — the real question is this, to read or not to read."
Thursday's public hearing in Hartford begins at 11 a.m. inside the Legislative Office Building.
Sign-up for the hearing begins at 8 a.m.
Call Evan Lips at 203-680-9367.


Pilar Bayona López de Ansó was born in Saragossa, Spain, on September the 16th, 1897. She was the daughter of Julio and Sara. Julio, who was also born in Saragossa, was a professor of exact sciences, and her mother, Sara, was born in Cariñena, her family home being in Cosuenda.
From a very early age Pilar Bayona showed an exceptional talent for music, and started to receive piano and music lessons from the brother and sister José and Ángeles Sirvent, both Catalan students of Malats, living in Saragossa. Her first public performance was at the tender age of five at a charity event sponsored by H.R.H. King Alfonso XIII. After participating in other similar events she made her debut at the age of ten in the Philharmonic Society, sharing the programme with the Ballo quartet.
In 1912 she had already started her career as a concert pianist, becoming more and more well known nationally. Between 1912 and 1920 her performances, both in recital and in orchestra, brought her into contact, which later led to friendship, with composers and conductors of that era, such as Villa, Bretón, Usandizaga, Fernández Arbós, Joaquín Turina, Adolfo Salazar, Oscar Esplá, Jesús Guridi, López Chavarri, and other artists such as the violinist Juan Manén -with whom she toured around several Spanish cities-, Arturo Rubinstein, etc.
Her friendships with Luis Buñuel (a Julio Bayona's mathematics student) and with José Camón Aznar also date from this period.
In 1914 she performed at the Palace for H.R.H.S. the Princesses Isabel and Paz.
From the very begining she showed an interest in contemporary music, and included works by Falla, Albéniz, Usandizaga, Esplá, Ravel, Debussy, in her performances.
She began her friendship with Eduardo del Pueyo and Luis Galve, who, at that time, had their first appearance in Saragossa, as pianists. This friendship was to last forever.
Over the next ten years, she began to travel abroad, and in 1924 she went to Germany, and had one performance in Stuttgart and two in Berlín, where the programmes were already a complete representation of the most recent and interesting Spanish music: not only Albéniz, Granados and Falla, but also including Usandizaga, P.J. Antonio de San Sebastián, Halffter, Mompou and Esplá. Her interest in popularizing contemporary Spanish music continued, and "Concierto Valenciano" by López Chavarri, is premiered by Pilar Bayona in 1928, and works by the Turolense composer Mingote were included in her repertoire.
In her devotion to popularize the new music she did not limit herself to only Spanish compositions but in her programmes one could find first auditions by Tchaikowsky, Brahms, Balakireff, Moussorgsky, Ravel, Debussy, Martinu and Tansman.
New friendships were founded, and so she came to know Joaquín Rodrigo, Ernesto Halffter, Fernando Remacha and Gaspar Cassadó, who gave signed scores of their works to her. At the same time she came to know Maurice Ravel, in 1924 in Madrid, and later when the french composer visited Saragossa on tour.
She also met José Zamora who presented her with one of his modernist drawings.
During the thirties she continued her concert activities. Worth mentioning was her outstanding performance in Madrid with Rafael Martínez Ensemble, premiering the Turina piano quartet, and her participation in Saragossa at a charity event along with the famous singer Miguel Fleta and others.
Her fame and popularity continued to increase, and Javier Ciria portrayed her in oils twice, and in Seville she was drawn by Juan Lafita and in Saragossa by Guillermo Pérez Baylo; Honorio García Condoy made a bust of her, and Tomás Seral y Casas dedicated a poem to her in his book "Poemas del amor violento" edited in 1933, and spoke about her performances in "Noreste" Magazine.
In 1936 she spent some time in Madrid where she went to study piano at the Residencia de Estudiantes (Students Hall). There she met with friends such as Luis Buñuel, Rafael Sánchez Ventura, Adolfo Salazar, Pepín Bello, Honorio García Condoy, Federico García Lorca, Juan Vicens, Acario Cotapos, etc., who assembled to hear her play. She also attended a dinner to pay homage to Hernando Viñes. García Lorca gave her an autographed copy of the first edition of "Llanto por Ignacio Sánchez Mejías".
Matilde Salvador gave copies of her compositios to her, and she was sent a copy of "Sonatas de El Escorial" by Rodolfo Halffter.
In 1937 the Bayona family moved from No. 12 San Miguel st. to No. 8 Paseo de la Independencia. This home became the central meeting point for her intellectual friends and for other musicians who happened to be passing through Saragossa.
In 1938 she participated at the inauguration of Radio Saragossa, and from that moment on -until the time of her death- she collaborated with periodic chamber music concerts (together with Joaquín Roig, José Calavia, Agustín Serrano and Gálvez Bellido, and other aragonese musicians such as Jaria, Enciso, Rey, etc.) and piano solos, which covered a wide variety of all music from all ages.
During the forties, apart from her concerts in Spanish cities, she also played in France, Portugal and Morocco. In her interpretations accompanied by orchestra, she collaborated with conductors such as Fernández Arbós, Arámbarri, Toldrá, Surinach, Candael and Granero.
In Saragossa she maintained close contact with the intellectual group of that era. Alfonso Buñuel, Luis García-Abrines, Juan Pérez Páramo, Federico Torralba, Julián Gállego, Eduardo Fauquié, etc. They visited her regularly and came to listen to her on Radio Saragossa.
One of these friends, José Mª García Gil, was to marry María de Ávila -the ballerina who later became an excellent ballet teacher-, and a great friendship was born between her and Pilar Bayona.
To this group we can also add Juan Eduardo Cirlot, who was doing his military service in Saragossa for two years. It was Cirlot who dedicated to Pilar a sonet, another poem about Scriabine, and in 1942 a book of poems called "Pájaros tristes" which had been inspired by her interpretation of this Ravelian work (Oiseaux tristes). All this documents are unique and original works.
Every year after 1945 she participated in summer courses at the University of Saragossa in Jaca (a village in Huesca, N.E. Spain) with a musical week that included various concerts/conferences in collaboration with Federico Sopeña or Dolores Palá. This participation was to continue until her death.
During those years, composers like Joaquín Rodrigo, Salvador Bacarisse, Manuel Palau, and Vicente Asencio gave some signed copies of their works to her. Martínez Chumillas dedicated his first piece of work "Letargo" to Pilar. In 1946 she paid homage to José and Federico Mompou in Barcelona.
Literary authors such as Ricardo Gullón, Comín Gargallo and Vicente Aleixandre sent dedicated copies of their books to Pilar.
The fifties decade marked the peak of her pianistic career, giving many concerts at this time. From 1950 until 1957 there were 149 concerts (in Saragossa seven different concerts were played in 1951). There was already clear recognition of her activity to popularize and perform contemporary Spanish music, and more than 38 composers (a total of some 80 different works) sent her copies of their compositions.
In 1950 the musical society "Sansueña" was created in Saragossa. Besides the opening concert dedicated to Falla, she repeatedly performed with monographic programmes dedicated to Bach, Ravel, Albéniz and Oscar Esplá, playing for the first time "Sonata Española" and "La Sierra", by the latter composer.
In 1953 she performed for H.R.H. Queen of Bulgaria, and in 1955 she was awarded the title of Hija Predilecta de Zaragoza (an award bestowed on Saragossa's most famous sons and daughters).
Over those years she played the entire Albéniz "Iberia" on four occasions. In 1955, following a suggestion by Alexis Weissenberg, who was familiar with her interpretation of this work, a French recording company invited her to record the "Iberia" suite, although only seven of the twelve pieces were edited.
In 1956 she performed in Alicante playing for the first time ever "Fantasía Homenaje a Walt Disney" by Jesús Guridi, and the following day she interpreted the first audition "Sonata del Sur" by Esplá.
She also performed in concert with José Iturbi as conductor.
In September 1957 the Pablo Sarasate Music Academy was founded in Pamplona, and she participated in the opening events with a series of concerts, together with other acts under the guidance of Fernando Remacha, P. Samuel Rubio and Ricardo Urgoiti. Remacha requested her services as a teacher and from then on she gave classes at this centre.
In 1957 and '58 she recorded two records for Hispavox which were dedicated to the music by Esplá and Guridi.
During this time she received works by Esplá, Moreno Gans, Luis de Pablo and Joaquín Rodrigo. One of Rodrigo's works "Sonatas de Castilla (nº 5)" is a piece dedicated to Pilar Bayona herself.
She maintained her friendship with the intellectuals of Aragón, and so Manuel Derqui dedicated one of his stories to her, Luis García-Abrines dedicated to Pilar and to Adolfo Salazar a facsimile edition of "Instrucción de Música sobre la guitarra española" by Gaspar Sanz, and Julián Gállego gave her a copy of "Fedra", a piece of work which received the A.Balaguer theatre price. Pilar Aranda painted a portrait of her in watercolours.
Then, she moved to an apartment in Paseo de las Damas together with her sister.
From 1960 to 1969 she continued doing concerts all over Spain and Morocco, In Málaga, in 1961, she played for the first time "Rapsodia de Estella" by Remacha, with Frübeck de Burgos as conductor.
In 1964, the City Hall of Saragossa named a street after Pilar Bayona. The same year she was appointed teacher of virtuosity at the Saragossa Music Academy, a position she held until her death.
In 1960, '64, '65 y '68 she recorded different musical programmes for Spanish T.V.
The Fernando el Católico Institution awarded her the San Jorge Price in 1968. In this same year on two occasions she performed in Madrid: in March she gave a concert at the Ministry of Tourism, which was recorded live by Radio National, and was later edited in microgroove, and awarded the Ministry of Cultura award. In May she performed a concert with a talk by Federico Sopeña to celebrate the 100 years of Granados.
During these years on several occasions she also played in Madrid, in the Romantic Museum. She performed programmes of great interest, based on authors such as Debussy, Schumann, Albéniz, etc.
For two years she participated in the summer courses at the University of Santander, where Benjamín Palencia did a drawing of her.
Joaquín Broto dedicated a piece scored for piano to her, which she performed for the first time at a concert in Barbastro.
In May 1969 she joined The Royal Academy of Noble and Fine Arts of San Luis.
During the last decade of her life in the 70's, She continued her occupation as a pianist, with tours in more than twenty Spanish cities.
In Saragossa she began her annual participation in cultural events run by the Council, with a series of concerts which enjoyed great popularity and had a large audience. In the sixth series she performed with orchestra lead by Spiteri, and in the seventh Eduardo del Pueyo and Luis Galve also participated.
In 1970 She participated in a ceremony of San Fernando Academy in Madrid where she played by conference of Esplá.
She stayed in touch with contemporary musicians, and continued to receive scores by Javier Alfonso, and Antón Roch, who dedicated one of his works ("Praeludium") to her.
In 1972 the Spanish Musical Week was celebrated in Saragossa. Among the acts there was a Pilar Bayona contest, and a concert paying homage to Falla to his one hundredth aniversary, with Frübeck.
She always attended the acts that were related to her friends, and thus in 1974 she performed in the acts to honor Oscar Esplá which were organized by the Urbis Club. She also performed in other acts honouring Vicente Aleixandre programmed by the New York University of Spain, in 1978.
In 1975 she was named "Hija adoptiva de Cosuenda" (local birth place of her mother's family) and they renamed the street where her family lived "Pilar Bayona".
In 1976 she interpreted "Noches en los Jardines de España" by Falla with the Symphonic Orchestra conducted by Ernesto Halffter.
In January 1979 she played in Saragossa for the Caja de Ahorros de la Inmaculada , and in June at Calibo and at the Association of Architects. In November she began to prepare enthusiastically a course of twenty concerts for BUP and COU (High School) students, sponsored by the Juan March Foundation. She also gave another recital at the Inmaculada Bank, which sadly would be her last ever concert. A little over a month later, on December thirteenth, she was hit by a car and died from her injuries.


The ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) and the World Coal Association (WCA) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that formalises their long-term partnership during the ASEAN Energy Business Forum (AEBF) 2017, on the sidelines of the 35th ASEAN Ministers on Energy Meeting (AMEM).
The AEBF is an international conference and exhibition that is annually organised in conjunction with the AMEM, where Ministers from 10 ASEAN Member States and related ASEAN energy entities including the ASEAN Forum on Coal (AFOC) present.
This partnership will support AFOC in promoting the development and utilisation of cleaner coal technologies (CCT), with the aim to fulfil ASEAN's vision as stipulated in the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) 2016 – 2025. In line with APAEC 2016 – 2025's theme 'Enhancing Energy Connectivity and Market Integration in ASEAN to Achieve Energy Security, Accessibility, Affordability and Sustainability for All', AFOC works to enhance the image of coal through the promotion of CCT.


Power Up Your Outdoor Wedding This Year!
Summer: December 1 – February 28.
So which season is best for your 2018 wedding? Well, in the New South Wales area of the country, the sun shines 340 days every year with summer humidity about 65%. March averages the most rainfall. If you're bringing people in from other countries, airfares are usually lowest in May. Winter weddings are more economical, but spring weddings are the most popular with Autumn a close second. All your options are good ones!
Each outdoor area needs specific lighting, plus you need perimeter lighting. Some wedding planners say calculate what you need, wattage-wise and then hire a generator that provides twice what you think you need. After you have listed your wedding station, it's time to itemise electric energy needs.
"We do a lot of tent events and I have to be honest; I usually pull onto the property, cringing because I don't know what I'm up against (power-wise)," says entertainment professional Rick Ryan. Having the right power setup for your outdoor tent wedding can make or break the most important event of your lives.
You've been planning for months, and it can all fall apart if you don't have enough electricity. Let's talk electric energy. An average circuit is 15-20 amps (2000 watts; an amp is about 100 watts).
A non-inverter generator might work for coffeemakers, but everything else requires an inverter generator. In other words, don't rent a non-inverter generator, period! "If you're going to use a generator, rent a multi-circuit, inverter-style, pull-behind generator. that has at least 8-10 hours of runtime between fueling," advises Ryan.
Our electrical power and generator specialists can help with the amount of generator power you need. We will also help with installation and training at the time of drop-off. Call 1300 767 257 or send us an enquiry. In-between cake-tastings and flower selections, stop by one of our branches.


The key to obtaining the foremost out of your rule observe is mastering the art of rental go:letting go of what has precede your category, and of what comes when it. Surrender your mind and body to your breath, permitting your breath to guide you deeper into your observe.With that stillness you produce, the magic and changes begins to work! Here's what you'll expect from a rule yoga category.
It is not meant to be comfy.
Your initial rule yoga category can raise that you simply be broad-minded a few observe that may take you manner on the far side your temperature.As Bernie Clark puts it, "much of the advantage of the observe can return from staying during this zone of discomfort, despite the mind's imperative pleas to go away."Yin yoga teaches you the way to actually listen. You don't get the chance to travel in and out, jump around, and realize a distracted version of stillness inside your observe.
In rule yoga, you relax within the posture, soften the muscle, and move nearer to the bone. whereas yang-like yoga practices target muscle unleash, rule offers a far deeper access to the body, focusing instead on the slower cathartic facia (where we have a tendency to hold onto our tension).
Your heart might sink slightly once you understand that you simply are going to be holding constant poses for 3 to 10 minutes while not moving, and you'll begin to feel fretful and stuck before you even begin! Being still isn't one thing that several folks UN agency board the Western world area unit superb at!
You are active during a safe atmosphere.
Yin yoga offers a secure place for your mind and body to supply a broody and happy expertise, once you open yourself up to what's inside.Your teacher can build participating comments to stay your mind targeted and to prevent your body from bolting for the door.They may share the science behind rule yoga, or discuss the spirituality of the observe. All of this whereas you're marinating during a deep hip-opener or back bend.Still, your teacher's words can become your meditation, and you may doubtless realize comfort and strength from their mild steerage.Absorb the recommendation that they share on a way to realize your edge, a way to hear your body, and the way to forgoing of the monkey mind.
You will discover the Dragon.
You will notice that you simply area unit already at home with poses within the rule tradition, like the Swan, the Dragon, the Butterfly, and therefore the ruminant. this is often deliberate. The Dragon in rule might look the image of Lizard cause,but in Yin,you relax the muscles and forgoing of tension.Nothing is forced in rule yoga. Everything could be a delicate movement. The intention is to succeed in into the joints and deep tissues around them, as opposition the additional superficial muscles and tissues at a lighter level.
Watching my students move inside and between poses, i'm forever surprised by the deep affective side of rule. once control for many minutes, inoffensive poses will become unbelievably difficult, evoking a number of the strongest physical and emotional sensations in yoga.Poses like Dragon and Swan, once control during a rule observe, area unit among the deepest hip openers. As we've an inclination to store emotions in our hips, buried feelings and anxieties begin stirring once we reach slightly bit deeper into our bodies like in these poses.With rule yoga,we learn to induce experienced the self– one thing that may be avoided during a additional dynamic yoga observe. remember that this will be a traditional a part of the observe, and grasp that it means that your response to rule is symbolic of each internal and external personal growth.
While you'll feel as if you haven't physically done abundantly at the top of rule category, your body and mind are performing on a far deeper level the full time, therefore plenty of labor has so been done.
It is doubtless that your hips can are stretched on the far side their usual vary, along with your mind ostensibly nourished and clear at constant time. there'll be no denying that you'll feel as if somebody ironed the button on your body and mind whereas you were active.


This selection of paintings depicts architecture and space assembled from observed, remembered and invented structures and details. My process of constructing compositions and using layers of transparent and opaque paint often mirrors the sense of accumulation and decay I respond to in the buildings themselves; an accretion, mutation and morphing of architectural style and detail veiled by a palimpsest of marks, textures and colors. Animated by sense of material and human presence cycling through states of creation and dissolution, these structures and spaces contain evidence and remnants of lives within, suggesting elusive and furtive narratives.


Very similar in size and structure to L. parahybana. The distinct difference is the scarlet red setae hair on the abdomen. These spiders are endemic to Brazil, but more specifically the Eastern costal state of Bahia which borders the Atlantic Ocean.


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Helen I Bergman (Heisterberg)
October 19, 1924 - March 21, 2018
Helen Irene Bergman
Helen Irene Bergman, age 93, of Lee's Summit, MO passed away on Wednesday, March 21, 2018 at John Knox Village.
Services will be held Tuesday, March 27th at Beautiful Savior Lutheran Church, Lee's Summit, MO, with visitation at 9:30 a.m. and funeral service at 11:00 A.M. Burial will follow at Floral Hills East, Lee's Summit.
Helen was born October 19, 1924 on a farm southwest of Cole Camp, MO to Richard and Margaret (Moellmann) Heisterberg. She was baptized at St. Paul's Lutheran Church, Cole Camp, and baptismal vows were renewed in July, 1938 by rite of confirmation. She graduated from Cole Camp High School in 1942, and completed her nurses training, graduating from Kansas City General Hospital School of nursing in 1955. Helen married Kenneth Bergman, May 6, 1956, at Christ Lutheran Church in Gaylord, KS. They resided in the Kansas City area, later moving to Sedalia, and finally settling in Marshall, MO in 1966. While in Marshall she raised her family while also working at Blosser Crippled Children's Home and later at Marshall Habilitation Center, staying there until her retirement in 1986. She was often referred to affectionately by her co-workers as "Little Helen". They moved to Lee's Summit, MO in 2000.
Helen derived her greatest enjoyment from her family, hosting holidays, along with a special knack for making every house she lived in a welcoming home. She was actively involved in church life at Our Redeemer Lutheran Church in Marshall, and later at Beautiful Savior Lutheran Church in Lee's Summit, participating in many women's groups and Bible studies. She enjoyed tending flowers, quilting, reading, and classical music, along with playing cards, especially pitch and pinnochle, with friends and family.
She was preceded in death by her parents, her brother Harold, her sister Ruth, and her daughter Lisa Carder. She is survived by, Kenneth, her husband of 62 years, daughter Leah (Dan) Kuhlman of Lecompton, KS, son Roger (Janet) Bergman of Holt's Summit, MO, daughter Julie (Jay) Watson, Lee's Summit, MO, and son in law Tom Carder, Olathe, KS. Grandchildren include Matt Kuhlman, Kelli Powell, Tim Kuhlman, Maggie Brunson, Katie Carder, James Carder, Holly Brown, Chris Watson, and Matt Watson. Great-grandchildren include Miles and Emmitt Kuhlman, Charlotte Brunson, and Joel Kuhlman. She was a wonderful wife, mother, and friend, and had a joyful and loving spirit that influenced all around her. She will be greatly missed.
Memorial contributions may be made to Beautiful Savior Lutheran Church, Lee's Summit, or Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City.
Kelli Powell says:
One of my happiest childhood memories was waking up to the smell of homemade cinnamon rolls at Grandma and Grandpa's house. That smell embodied all the feelings of comfort, happiness, and love that Grandma brought with her wherever she went. I'm grateful for the opportunity to grow up with such a caring and incredible woman for a grandmother. Grandma I love and miss you.
Bill and Phyllis Olbert says:
Grandma Bergman was a beautiful lady, inside and out. We are so sorry for her passing. She lived a beautiful life, and her love and compassion will continue on through her beautiful family. She will be missed, but her spirit will live on inside each person she touched. God bless her family.
David, Tammy and Aaron Plains says:
Thoughts and prayers for the Bergman Family. Helen was a wonderful and caring lady. She will be sadly missed.