Wozzol is designed to make learning vocabulary in a foreign language easier, more efficient, and more fun. Learn more in less time.
Wozzol helps you practise the words you need to learn today. In this way you will learn not too much and not too little. Try it now.
Learn words or phrases in any language. Other facts can be learned as well.
The system keeps track of the words you know and refreshes your memory just before you would forget them otherwise. For every day that you know a word, you get a knowledge point.
New! Learn lines with Wozzol. Use this program to learn poems, jokes or riddles by heart! Try it now.
Learn every day. This is how to make the words stay in your long-term memory. Learn any time you like. At home or out in the park.
Wozzol helps you with learning. Practise on Wozzol every day. Wozzol determines which words you need to learn on which day.
You can learn in different ways. Choose your favorite learning method. For example: write the words, flash cards or multiple choice.
Create your own word lists you want to learn.
Difficult words are practised more often and will receive extra attention so you will learn them better.
The words can be in a context sentence. In that way you will learn more easily and the knowledge is more easy to apply.
When learning words you want the words to go into your long-term memory. To achieve this you need to practise them regularly. A word with meaning that you use regularly will be seen as important by your brain and will therefore be remembered. A word that you see often over a short timespan will be seen as important for now but not important in the long term so this word will be forgotten quickly.
To memorize facts such as translations of words one of the main principles is spaced repetition. The most efficient way to learn a word is to actively recall the word from memory. For example, you want to remember that the French translation of "unbelievable" is "incroyable". Then you will get to see "unbelievable" and you have to come up with "incroyable" yourself. The learning effect of this action depends on how difficult the recall from memory is. When this is done in quick succession it is very easy and the learning effect is very small. The more time there is between each recall the more difficult it is and the greater the learning effect is! If, however, it is no longer possible to actively recall the word, the learning effect is close to zero (the word is forgotten). So the trick is to rehearse the word just before you forget it. The program Wozzol will calculate for you when this is so that you learn optimally.
Motivation is the most important thing when learning a foreign language. Without motivation, you do not practise either long enough or regularly enough. Wozzol will help you with this. You get a knowledge point for every word you know for one day. Collecting knowledge points will be slow in the beginning. As you start to practise for longer periods and more regularly, it will gradually become easier to gather knowledge points because the words are properly stored in the long-term memory. Wozzol also compliments you if you are doing well. In this way you can keep the motivation high.
At Wozzol you can learn words in eight different ways (with the free version there are four ways available). Switch between them for the best learning results.
Write - Write down the word. This is the best way to ensure that you work carefully.
Flashcards - You are shown a word and have to recall it in your target language.
Multiple choice - Choose the correct answer from a number of options. First choose the first letter and then the whole word.
Write and use flashcards - Learn the words in your own language through flashcards. Write the word in the foreign language.
Easy write - Write down the word by means of multiple choice. This is an extra useful option for learning on the tablet or mobile phone.
New keyboard - Write the word using a special keyboard. This is an alternative to writing down and can work more easily on a tablet or on a mobile phone.
Correct order - Put the letters of the word in the correct order.
Write magical - Write down the words. Little mistakes will be corrected automatically.
In addition to these options, you can also print the word lists as flash cards to learn on paper or you can learn wordlists 'Oldskool'. This is a digital version of the old method of learning where you cover one column of words using your hand and practise them yourself.
Do it yourself - create your word lists yourself. This can be done by filling in all the words or by importing a list from a text file.
Standard lists - there are standard lists of many teaching methods available. You have only to select the right one for you.
You can also share your own word lists so that others can use your lists.
If you use the Chrome browser or use the Android or iPhone app you can have the words spoken aloud for you. In this way you learn better and faster!
Come up with a mnemonic. Think of a way to remember the word easily. Does the word look like something? Does it sound special?
Think of a picture with the word. Most people remember images better than words. So think of a picture with a connection to the word in the other language and how it is spelled.
Write the word somewhere. And then have a look at it at different times. Write the word on one side of a small paper and the translation on the other side. Practise it every time you encouter the piece of paper.
Words live in sentences! At Wozzol all words can be put in a context sentence. In this way it is easier to remember the word. Context sentences can be created yourself or chosen from existing context sentences. Especially with funny or impressive context sentences learning becomes easier.


Finally, there is a digital substitute for your mercury-in-glass thermometers. The Fluke 1552A "Stik" Thermometer delivers repeatable temperature measurements accurate to ±0.05°C over its full range.
Whether you work outdoors in environments where potentially explosive gases may be present or on the floor of a processing plant, the intrinsically-safe, battery operated, portable reference thermometer is designed to go where you work. It's a great choice for daily checks of working thermometers, custody transfer temperature determination, PET calibration, LIG calibration, and temperature transmitter calibration and verification.
The stainless steel probe and digital readout are fixed together and calibrated as a system. The large backlit LCD display rotates 90° degrees making it easy to read from any angle. And a user-configurable stability/trend indicator lets you know when your temperature is stable enough to record an accurate measurement. A user-settable auto-off function extends typical battery life to up to 300 hours. And the low-battery indicator and stop-measure function prevents erroneous measurements from being made due to a low battery. Plus you can easily and accurately calibrate the 1552A with a simple three-point calibration function.
Offers many flexible features like autostep, custom units, user-entered values during test, one-point and two-point switch testing, square root DP flow testing, programmable measurement delay and more.


Philadelphia About Blog Sabir took the opportunity to create Men's Style Pro to help men understand, breakdown and expand their personal style. Frequency about 1 post per month. Also in European Fashion Blogs Website mensfashionmagazine.
Frequency about 2 posts per week. About Blog Men's fashion, grooming and lifestyle magazine. We Show You How. Frequency about 4 posts per week. Also in Men's Fashion Magazines Website menstylefashion. Here, we give you the latest news and updates on grooming, gadgets, living, menswear, suits, sneakers. Frequency about 34 posts per week. New York About Blog The latest in menswear collections, campaigns and editorials. Offering the latest fashion candy from around the globe.
Covering a wide variety of topics such as trends, style tips, fashion news, and the latest sale offers, MFM has been labelled the number one online resource for men's fashion. The online style guide for men, providing you with the latest mens fashion news, trends, and men's fashion tips. Frequency about 2 posts per month. Also in European Fashion Blogs Website mensfashionmagazine. Menswear Style is a men's fashion magazine offering daily men's style tips and male fashion advice. Frequency about 9 posts per week.
Frequency about 84 posts per week. Collectively They are a young team of writers, designers and buyers that all have a genuine passion for, music, food and of course fashion. They are focused solely on men's wear and will only ever stock the brands that we love at prices that you can afford.
Frequency about 5 posts per week. Frequency about 3 posts per week. About Blog Dappered is for guys who value and feel most comfortable in a classic, sharp, tailored style. Our mission is to provide men with a resource for finding the best and most affordable clothes, booze, and travel options on the internet.
Frequency about 6 posts per week. Also in Mens Blogs Website dappered. Frequency about 17 posts per week. Australia About Blog TheTrendSpotter is a leading Australia fashion blog covering local and international fashion trends, news, beauty, designers, runway and street style. Get the latest men's fashion trends, and style advice here. Frequency about 1 post per month. Frequency about 1 post per week. Washington, DC About Blog The Modest Man helps men under who are below average height dress better and feel more confident by shopping at the right stores, altering clothes for a better fit, and choosing custom clothing.
Also in Petite Fashion Blogs Website themodestman. EG aims to assist the everyday man with useful advice and insights on clothing and lifestyle without the stuffiness or frills, because the everyday man knows that efficiency and straight-forwardness is priceless.
Frequency about 8 posts per week. Fashion forward and affordable blog for the gentleman of today. It provides reviews and tips about how to dress and pick the right outfit. London About Blog The Coolector is an online men's lifestyle magazine focusing on design, lifestyle, fashion and technology. Also in Indian Fashion Blogs Website theunstitchd. Be that a finely made suit, a pair of nice leather shoes, a great old car or an excellent hotel.
About Blog Teaching Men's Fashion Blog provides tips that are focused on showing men how to dress well, stand out, and look good. Basically, they are two brothers changing one man at a time. Frequency about 3 posts per month. London, England About Blog Man For Himself is a men's style, lifestyle, grooming and hair blog, featuring how to hair tutorials, grooming recommendations and style staples.
Also in Mens Grooming Blogs Website manforhimself. United Kingdom About Blog An online men's grooming, fashion and lifestyle magazine helping modern man continue his evolution through a focus on style, quality, and value. This blog serves fashion, menswear and lifestyle inspiration online and in print.
I was looking to photograph the everyday man whose dress sense spoke volumes about who they were, on the streets, at work or in their home. New York City About Blog This blog offers you guys interesting and relevant posts from dapper combinations to edgy streetwear and from daily outfit inspirations to curated shopping selections. Also in Style Blogs Website onedapperstreet. I started this blog in as a means to force myself to dress better and to do it on a limited budget.
This blog provides an affordable approach to classic men's style. Also in Budget Fashion Blogs Website stayclassicblog. Also in Canadian Fashion Blogs Website mrcavaliere. UK About Blog Being specialists of mens apparel and outwear, and focusing all their products towards technical durability and comfort. Covering travel, tech, male grooming and the latest menswear trends for stylish guys. India About Blog FashionGuruji. Frequency about 4 posts per month.
About Blog Men's Fashion Post is a menswear publication dedicated to bringing the latest in fashion from around the world, lead by menswear connoisseur Eff Ulloa. Also in African Fashion Blogs Website whatmyboyfriendwore. Articles about relationships, dating, advice, men's health and more. Philadelphia About Blog Sabir took the opportunity to create Men's Style Pro to help men understand, breakdown and expand their personal style.
About Blog Grey Fox Blog is about fashion, style and menswear for the older men of about forty or more and those whose hair is turning grey. SMF Blog has become the source of fashion, travel, social and lifestyle advice for the modern day gentleman. The blog further aims to reach men from all backgrounds who are continuously seeking for inspiration, charisma and advice on how to become a well rounded gentleman.
The online destination for modern man, keeping him up to date with expert male grooming advice, lifestyle tips and fashion inspiration for men here. The Gentleman Blogger is not just a fashion blog it is an exploration about what it means to be a gentleman in the 21st century. Covering everyday wearable, yet fashionable menswear for the ordinary man. London About Blog Street Gentry is your daily men's lifestyle blog. Bringing you the best in men's fashion, tech, art, music, clothing and culture.
Also in London Lifestyle Blogs Website streetgentry. About Blog Off The Cuff is an award-winning site dedicated to the principle that classic style and modern life can live quite comfortably with each other.
Founded in by Chris Hogan, OTC provides informative advice on incorporating classic menswear and timeless style into their modern lives. New York City About Blog A lifestyle blog by Saul Rasco covering all things men's style, grooming, fitness, fashion, lifestyle and travel. With just a few bucks, be selective with buying things such as wooden hangers for your suits, shoe trees for your shoes, a reliable iron, and detergent. Those bits of information go a long way — sparing you from making costly mistakes in the future.
At home, you might still enjoy wearing those baggy shorts or oversized shirts even though you have slimmed down…. But outside, remember that fit is king. Be careful in picking the color of your suit. Because it gives you the wisdom to make better purchases even beyond clothing at an early age. But also — you should aim to build your own interchangeable wardrobe which includes:. Eliminate those pants or clothes with similar styles from your closet right away.
You want to move past that rebellious, individualistic phase for good. Upgrade your legwear by sticking to what works: Also get a couple of dark-colored slacks or chinos either straight or slim fit to add some variety. We know that Mark Zuckerberg normally comes to work in a gray hoodie — as if he was running a local gym instead of Facebook.
That includes different hoodies and t-shirts especially graphic tees. To play it safe, donate the majority of those items to charity. Save a small portion for home or gym use. Your focus should be on having different well-fitted casual button-downs and long-sleeved sweaters. You can also opt for sports shirts or polo shirts during warmer days. Mainstream fashion trends change too fast to really become staples of your style.


text:
<?php

namespace Hubzero\Oauth\GrantType;

use OAuth2\RequestInterface;
use OAuth2\ResponseInterface;
use OAuth2\GrantType\GrantTypeInterface;
use OAuth2\Storage\UserCredentialsInterface;
use OAuth2\ResponseType\AccessTokenInterface;

/**
 * User credentials grant type
 */
class UserCredentials implements GrantTypeInterface
{
	/**
	 * Store object
	 *
	 * @var  object
	 */
	private $storage;

	/**
	 * Array to hold authenticated user data
	 *
	 * @var  array
	 */
	private $userInfo = [];

	/**
	 * Constructor
	 *
	 * @param   object  $storage  Storage object
	 * @param   array   $config   Config array
	 * @return  void
	 */
	public function __construct(UserCredentialsInterface $storage, $config = array())
	{
		$this->storage = $storage;
	}

	/**
	 * Define identifier for this type of grant
	 *
	 * @return  string  identifier
	 */
	public function getQuerystringIdentifier()
	{
		return 'password';
	}

	/**
  * Validate request via session data
  *
  * This is used for internal requests via ajax
  *
  * @param   object  $request   Request object
  * @param   object  $response  Response object
  * @return  bool    Result of auth
  */
	public function validateRequest(RequestInterface $request, ResponseInterface $response)
	{
		// ensure we have needed params
		if (!$request->request("password") || !$request->request("username"))
		{
			$response->setError(400, 'invalid_request', 'Missing parameters: "username" and "password" required');
			return null;
		}

		// check username/password
		if (!$this->storage->checkUserCredentials($request->request("username"), $request->request("password")))
		{
			$response->setError(401, 'invalid_grant', 'Invalid username and password combination');
			return null;
		}

		// get user details by username
		$userInfo = $this->storage->getUserDetails($request->request("username"));

		// make sure we got an array of user details
		if (empty($userInfo))
		{
			$response->setError(400, 'invalid_grant', 'Unable to retrieve user information');
			return null;
		}

		// if not set, something went wrong
		if (!isset($userInfo['user_id']))
		{
			throw new \LogicException("you must set the user_id on the array returned by getUserDetails");
		}

		// set our userinfo for later use
		$this->userInfo = $userInfo;

		// return sucess
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Get client id
	 *
	 * @return  null
	 */
	public function getClientId()
	{
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Get user id
	 *
	 * @return  int  User identifier
	 */
	public function getUserId()
	{
		return $this->userInfo['user_id'];
	}

	/**
	 * Get scope
	 *
	 * @return  string  Scope
	 */
	public function getScope()
	{
		return isset($this->userInfo['scope']) ? $this->userInfo['scope'] : null;
	}

	/**
	 * Create access token
	 *
	 * @param   object  $accessToken  Access token object
	 * @param   string  $client_id    Authorized client
	 * @param   string  $user_id      User identifier
	 * @param   string  $scope        Client application scope
	 * @return  string  Access token
	 */
	public function createAccessToken(AccessTokenInterface $accessToken, $client_id, $user_id, $scope)
	{
		return $accessToken->createAccessToken($client_id, $user_id, $scope);
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


After Dropping her still trending Album "In Your Presence", Versatile Gospel Artist Dera, drops a track titled God of Heaven & Earth from the album to show the greatness of the God.
God of Heaven & Earth talks about the awesomeness and power of the Most High, being the God of Creation who owns the Heaven & Earth.
Dera set to Drop the video to the soul lifting song God of Heaven & Earth off her album very soon.
Download God of Heaven and Earth *Below* and Exalt HIM.
Chidera Getrude Igwe (Dera) is an inspirational worship minister who hails from Imo State.
She started singing quite early in life but officially launched out with her first single My Prayer in May 2016 and her second single Dependable God by October 2016.
She is a graduate of Lagos State University and she is happily married to her husband Mr Chima Igwe , and they are blessed with 4 amazing children.


text:
Côte d'Ivoire - Football Association (FIF) President, Sidy Diallo dies in Abidjan
Sidy Diallo 61, dies. Photo/Censors
Family sources are today confirming the death of Augustin Sidy Diallo, Ivory Coast FA President, from complications of COVID-19. Sidy Diallo died after a short illness. He was 61.
Mr Diallo took the helm of the "Glasshouse of Treichville", the FIF headquarters in 2011 when former president Jacques Anoma was forced into a short exile during the 2010 civil war.
As an influential member of the Ivorian Football Association under the late Dieng Ousseynou, then Jacques Anouma, Augustin Sidy Diallo had football in his veins.
After a short stint at Stella Club Ajamé when the club won the UFOA cup, the businessman's passion for football led him to the Ivorian Football Association as vice-president from 1991 to 1994, with a crowning success with the Elephants in Senegal 1992.
He returned to the glasshouse in 2002 to help Jacques Anouma revive Ivorian football. It was another success story. Ivory Coast came close to a second trophy in Egypt (2006). Better still, the Elephants qualified for the first time for a World Cup final phase with a team of superstars dubbed the golden generation, with the likes of Didier Drogba, Yaya Toure and Didier Zokora.
Mr Diallo retired from football in 2007 for personal reasons, before returning to claim the Afcon trophy in 2015. Sidi Diallo leaves behind a football association marred in controversy, after former skipper and star player Didier Drogba's candidacy to succeed him was rejected late last August. Fifa has been looking into the matter.
Mr Diallo will be sorely missed.
Claude B. Djaquis
Editor-In-Chief, ivorycoasttribune.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Pdf load the whole file to show it to the viewer Why would a pdf viewer load the whole file before it open it ?
and when I moved the website to another server it loaded faster, is this related to the server settings? any idea?
Main server with the problem:
https://www.mnhji.com/حل-كتاب-الانجليزي-ثالث-متوسط-ف2-1442/
second server that works:
https://www.mnhji.com/حل-كتاب-الانجليزي-ثالث-متوسط-ف2-1442/
I'm using wordpress, and I've changed the themes and plugins.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Each system is designed for quick assembly, and its 7 position, threaded multi port valve is easy to use and install. Carefree Top-Mount Sand Filters are designed for extra sand holding capacity. Made for corrosion-proof polymeric thermoplastic. The Carefree sand Filter offers the idealcombination of energy efficiency and excellent water clarity.
Fine-spray interanal diffuser for even water distribution.
7- Function, thread-on, top mount 1 1/2" FTP Multi-Port Valves.
FSO1619 1.4 Sq. ft. / FSO1922 2.0 Sq. ft. / FSO2225 2.6 Sq. ft. / FSO2629 3.5 Sq. ft.
16″ diameter Filter with Modular Base	1 1/2″ FPT Split-Nut	1.4 sq. ft.
19″ diameter Filter with Modular Base	1 1/2″ FPT Split-Nut	2.0 sq. ft.
22″ diameter Filter with Modular Base	1 1/2″ FPT Split-Nut	2.6 sq. ft.
26″ diameter Filter with Modular Base	1 1/2″ FPT Split-Nut	3.5 sq. ft.


The Queen and David Attenborough. What a genius collaboration that one is.
For a one-off ITV documentary, due to air on Monday 16th April, HRH has teamed up with the much-loved Planet Earth presenter to open up about her love of plants and shed light on her mission to found protected forests in all 53 Commonwealth countries.
The teaser trailer shows Sir David joining the Queen for a stroll in the grounds of Buckingham Palace to discuss the different trees that grow there.
It seems we might get to see some really candid moments from the monarch too.
'That one we won't look at,' she can be heard telling her co-host as they passed one pretty sorry looking branch.
'Somebody sat on it, I think,' she added.
Titled The Queen's Green Planet, the TV network teased: 'In a rare opportunity to see the Queen talking informally to Sir David, the conversation ranges from climate change, to conkers and birthday gifts.
Prince Harry and Prince William are also expected to feature in the documentary.
As part of a wider environmental campaign, the project will encourage viewers to look after nature. This will later be supported by This Morning and Good Morning Britain, reports Metro.


Is it possible to get too much sleep? At this stage in life, with all its busyness and stress, my body tells me that this is a ludicrous question. Yet, sleep, like all things, can be abused. It is possible to utilize sleep in ways that are contrary to its purpose. Too much sleep is unhealthy for our bodies and dangerous to our spirituality. In particular, sleep becomes bad when it is consistently used to escape life's troubles.
Hypersomnia, the technical term for excessive sleep, is as dangerous as a lack of sleep. In fact, too much sleep is associated with many similar health problems: diabetes, heart disease, obesity, depression, headaches, and other complications. It's not entirely clear what the relationship between cause and effect is, but excessive sleep at least exacerbates and possibly originates some of these problems. Generally, we recognize that the body needs to sleep for 7 to 9 hours every night. Few people actually get that much sleep with consistency, but that's the goal. Sleeping more than that with regularity may indicate that something else is going on, and there are medical conditions that may contribute to excessive sleep, such as: Narcolepsy, delayed sleep syndrome, and Idiopathic hypersomnia. Some individuals may use excessive sleep, however, apart from a medical condition, as a means to escape their world.
Sleep is designed to give us a break. It is designed to help our bodies and brains recover after a long day. It is designed to give us a reboot from the day, both physiologically and mentally. It can even be a means by which we manage our stress levels. Some individuals, however, may use sleep as the primary coping tool for life's troubles. Excessive sleep in these instances, becomes a maladaptive means of coping with anxiety, stress, or discouragement. It is an unhealthy avenue of escape. We sleep in order to avoid the demands of life, the feelings of guilt and self-condemnation, or the stress of our situation. We sleep so that we don't have to make changes, confront realities, and live through pain. The problem with this approach is evident: we don't actually change our circumstances or equip ourselves to fight through them. The effort to escape is an illusion, because we aren't really escaping our troubles but only attempting to avoid them or ignore them.
Avoidance is a terrible coping mechanism. It essentially reinforces our belief that we can do nothing about this situation, that we are victims to our world and life troubles. Avoidance fails to consider the ways in which God equips us for "every good work" (2 Tim. 3:16-17). It fails to believe in the sovereignty of a God who cares for us and wants to help us navigate life's troubles. When we abuse sleep it is because we fail to consider the God who cares for us.
Sleep is a wonderful gift from God, but if we forget God then sleep itself becomes our salvation. Sleep itself becomes the means by which we "dwell in safety." It becomes our escape from troubles, demands, anxious ruminations, and painful circumstances. Instead of going to God for help in our time of need, we will turn to sleep to avoid our troubles. Sleep, however, fails to care for us. It does not change our circumstances or equip us to face them. But we can trust God because He never sleeps (Ps. 121:3-4). He is always actively working for us and watching over us. Sleep cannot replace God, but we can sleep and wake when we know and trust this God.
Evaluate yourself. Do you use sleep as a means of escape and avoidance?
How often do I sleep more than 9 hours in a day?
Do I usually feel rested after I sleep?
When I sleep more than 9 hours in a day what is going on in my life (social circumstances, stress, anxieties, etc.)? Is there anything that I am intentionally trying to avoid?
Is excessive sleep negatively impacting my social life, professional life, or religious life?
Is excessive sleep negatively impacting my mood and demeanor?
Is excessive sleep negatively impacting my view of self, others, or the world around me? Do I view things differently before or after I sleep?
Do I sleep at inappropriate times, like: during the workday, while driving, during conversations (this question assumes that I do not have an inverted work schedule)? Do I have trouble sleeping at night because I sleep so much during the day?
How do I respond to stress? Do I feel adequately equipped to manage stressful problems in my life? Do I find that I often sleep immediately following a stressful situation?
Have others expressed concern about the amount of time I spend sleeping?
Do I consider going to God when I am stressed and anxious about life's troubles?
Do I believe that I use sleep inappropriately to avoid problems and demands upon my life?
Interesting to see this at a time I am involved with a U/M sleep study on how quality of sleep can affect pain levels and mental function during the day.
Thank you for this advice and biblical wisdom. I think if we deeply trust God he's going to help us to develop a moderate view of all our needs in our lives and that can only come from knowing that God loves us and cares for us. Thank you again. Love & blessings.


We are looking for an engagement and sales consultant to work within our in our New York office to aid company growth and advise internal clients on recruitment best practice.
Brickendon joined the Women in Finance Charter in 2017 and is committed to a diverse workforce. We offer flexible working where possible.


Contact us for more information at http://www.carrollsrs.com/ or 1-800-876-4569.
"Carroll's Tree Of Life" a beautiful artistic way to recognize your Parishioners, while raising funds effectively.
Carroll's "Tree of Life" Successfully Raising Money for Churches for over 30 Years. Visit us Today for a Free Brochure and Free Sample at www.Carrollsrs.com or give us a call at 1-800-876-4569.


This page is your place for Minneapolis Moline & Twin City Tractors & Equipment.
Many an old tractor still exists in the salvage yards and backroads. This old Twin City tractor was probably one of them. The photo was borrowed from the M-M Registry Home page (you can find it listed under the links on this page). Needless to say, there are most likely some more of these old tractors out there somewhere!
If you would like to contribute "Minneapolis Moline Stuff" to this page....E-Mail us with the details and we'll see it gets attention.......Just make sure to include the word "Minneapolis" in the subject line!
Jeremy Fiorelli's Twin City & Minneapolis-Moline Tractor & Pulling Page!
T & H Creations, Inc. - A great on-line store for embroidered IH, International and Farmall tractor apparel. Company embroiders on every thing from Polo Shirts, T-shirts, Sweatshirts, Denim Shirts (Short Sleeve and Long Sleeve), Rompers, Kids T-shirts and much more.
Twin City and MM Resource Page - Historical Information & Serial Number List.


Writing an article, or reviewing our software? Get in touch! We'd love to talk to you and provide you with specific information and bespoke images to meet your needs. If you're in a real hurry – then go ahead and use the images below (right click to download them).
Contact us at press@emailstopwatch.com for general PR inquiries.
Make more money - Consultants almost always undercharge for emails because they're not sure of the accurate amount of time they spent on them. It allows consultants to confidently charge their hourly rate for emails.
Removes one of the hassles from your day – No more going through Outlook at the end of the day to see where your day went.
Happier Employees – Makes one of the most painful parts of their day easier. Using better systems to keep your office running smoothly.
More Productive Staff – Know what staff are doing in their inboxes and make your staff more productive.
Our data center is located at 151 Front Street. Canada's premier telecommunications hub with 24x7x365 security, trusted by, and home to companies like: Bell, Rogers, Verizon, IBM, etc.
We use the latest Dell servers with the latest Cisco ASA next generation firewalls.
For email, our SMTP supports Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol which is certificate-based authentication and helps provide security-enhanced data transfers by using symmetric encryption keys.
Email Stopwatch started because of a software entrepreneurship course. My job was to find a problem in an industry that could be solved with software. I wanted to work with consultants because it was much easier to communicate the value of systems and software to them.
Initially I explored other industries, like dog dogcares and caterers, but most didn't understand the concept of creating systems and using software to make life easier and more efficient. Other industries would rather spend 5 hours doing something by hand then pay for a $9/month solution that would make it easier for them. Consultants were more practical and were willing to invest in solutions that made their life easier.
I started by meeting with local consultants and learned a lot about their business, their struggles and their day to day. After about 2 months of talking to different business owners, the idea came about after hearing how many were swamped with email in the last few years. We realized that consultants had a hard time charging for that time and were always undercharging because they couldn't track the time properly. Eventually I worked with a few companies that helped me flush out the idea and how it should work.
We launched in February 2014 and have been growing since.
Laura has a Master of Science from Ryerson University and a Bachelor of Science from University of Windsor. She has always had an entrepreneurial spirit and started her first business in university. She still has a love of science but spends most of her time now studying software, online business and marketing.
Stan has over 20 years of experience in designing business solutions as a business analyst and software architect. Prior to joining Email Stopwatch, Stan has been specializing in implementation and integration of line-of-business applications for variety of companies, ranging from Fortune 500 corporations to desk & phone businesses. He has a Master of Science in Applied Mathematics and Computer Science from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technologies and an MBA from HCMS, Moscow.


The peer mentor is a student staff member who provides leadership for participants in the TRIO Student Support Services Program. Mentors assist in achieving the program goal of supporting first-generation and low-income students who are pursuing degrees at Grand Valley State University. In addition, the program's primary goal is graduating all students who participate in the program. TRIO Student Support Services Program is a yearlong program. Each mentor will be assigned to help first-year students of the program in exploring and succeeding in their studies and campus community.
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August 31, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Education
Empower Parents: Restore the Constitution by Returning Educational Policy to the States
By Jane Robbins
Presidential candidates in the 2012 election must be prepared to protect the interests of parents and children nationwide by rolling back the progressive education agenda and returning to the states their constitutional power to make decisions about education.
August 30, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Healthcare
Help the Sick and Reduce the Debt: The Moral Economy of the Health-Care Debate
The health-care debate presents us with a moral imperative to solve an economic problem, but how we solve this economic problem has moral implications: allowing individuals and families greater freedom to choose among treatment options in a market that drives down costs, or establishing centralized control that makes utilitarian calculations of the worth of different people's lives.
August 29, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Foreign Affairs
Promote Democracy: Start at Home, but Don't Stop at Home
At a time when the Arab world is ripe for change, our next president must understand the strategic potential of American credibility, constitutionalism, and communication in the promotion of democracy abroad.
August 26, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Conscience Protection, Religion and the Public Square
Uphold Conscience Protection: Religious Freedom's Contribution to the American Experience and Threats to its Survival
By Helen Alvaré
Religious communities are an essential part of the fabric of America, even over and above the vital services they provide to weak and vulnerable members of our communities; we must protect their conscience rights against legal coercion.
August 25, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Constitutional Law
Defend Our Laws: Justice Matters
In developing their positions on Supreme Court appointments and the Department of Justice, presidential candidates should 1) welcome the battle over the Supreme Court, 2) determine to fight hard for high-quality justices, 3) frame the argument for why abortion policy should be restored to the democratic processes, 4) support the Defense of Marriage Act, and 5) commit to select senior legal leaders who fully embrace their goals and priorities.
August 24, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Economics
Fix America's Economy: Two Principles for Reform
Candidates in the 2012 presidential race should champion two principles for reviving America's economy: the Adam Smith principle for limiting government and the subsidiarity principle for regulating government intervention.
August 23, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Marriage
Defend Marriage: Moms and Dads Matter
By Maggie Gallagher
Presidential candidates in the next election should uphold marriage as the union of one man and one woman.
August 22, 2011July 22, 20202012 Election, Abortion
Protect the Weak and Vulnerable: The Primacy of the Life Issue
By O. Carter Snead
Public officials—especially the President—are obligated to protect the intrinsic equal dignity of all human beings, regardless not only of sex and race, but also without regard to age, size, condition of dependency, vulnerability, or the esteem of others. Abortion and embryo-destructive research are profound and lethal violations of this principle of equality to which the law (and the President) must respond.
August 22, 2011July 11, 20182012 Election, Politics
Liberty, Justice, and the Common Good: Political Principles for 2012 and Beyond
Introducing a Public Discourse symposium on the 2012 election.
August 19, 2011August 31, 2018Abortion
40 Years Later: How to Undo the Autonomy Argument for Abortion Rights
By Erika Bachiochi
In response to pro-choice appeals to autonomy in support of abortion, we feminists should advocate that parents—both mothers and fathers—have binding duties to their unborn child as the product of their life-giving sexual act.
August 17, 2011September 20, 2018Conscience Protection
Sex Ed Mandates and Children's Innocence
By Greg Pfundstein
New York's new sex education mandate excludes abstinence-only options and forces all city school children to learn about "safe sex" in the sixth and seventh grades.
August 16, 2011July 26, 2018Immigration, Religion and the Public Square
Nation of Faith, Nation of Immigrants
By Charles J. Chaput
America's laws and institutions come from a moral worldview shaped by Christian belief. They depend not on where her people came from, but on what they are willing to sacrifice to keep the experiment alive. Adapted from a keynote address delivered to the national gathering of CALL (Catholic Association of Latino Leaders).
August 15, 2011July 27, 2018Religion and the Public Square
Perry, Prayer, and Politics
By Justin Dyer
Rick Perry's prayer rally engendered accusations that he wrongly crossed the church-state divide. But great leaders in American history have long held that religion is a necessary basis for public morality.
August 12, 2011July 30, 2018Foreign Affairs, Pornography
Pornography and National Security
The frequency with which terrorists are found with pornography raises important questions about the possible effects of pornography on our national security.
August 10, 2011July 20, 2018Healthcare
Contraception and Healthcare Rights
Contraception does not respond to an authentic healthcare need, and the state acts untruthfully and beyond its legitimate authority when it mandates contraception coverage.
August 8, 2011July 19, 2018Constitutional Law
The Balanced Budget Amendment: What Would Hamilton Say?
The balanced budget amendment would rob the federal government of an essential power.
August 5, 2011September 20, 2018Book Reviews
Republican and Classically Conservative in 2012
By Gregory J. Sullivan
An important book from the 1980s can teach today's Republican presidential candidates the importance of classical conservatism.
August 3, 2011August 23, 2018Culture, Religion and the Public Square
Overcoming the Obstacles to Faith-Based Approaches to Crime
By Byron Johnson
Prejudices of secular and religious groups alike stand in the way of successful crime reduction efforts.
August 1, 2011July 19, 2018Constitutional Law, Economics
The Debt Ceiling and the Constitution
The attempts by both the right and the left to politicize our Constitution must be firmly rejected for the sake of our nation's health and prosperity.


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Q: Linked Queue class I have defined a class Queue using a homemade class Node. I think it's working as intended but I'm unsure if the code nonetheless is correct. Mostly I'm concerned about assigning both self.first and self.last to p (a new node) when the queue is empty. My reasoning is that since p will be the only node, it will be both the first and the last node but this may not be the Pythonic way to think. Is my code below sensible?
class Node:
    def __init__(self):
        self.value=0
        self.next=None
class Queue:
    def __init__(self):
        self.first=None
        self.last=None
    def isempty(self):
        return self.first==None
    def put(self,x):
        p=Node()
        p.value=x
        if self.first==None:
            self.first=p
            self.last=p
        else:
            self.last.next=p
            self.last=p
    def get(self):
     if self.isempty():
        print('Queue is empty!')
     else:
        x=self.first.value
        self.first=self.first.next
        return x

A: Well there's a problem here, you will loose the Head pointer after the first call to get, or is it on purpose?
def get(self):
     try:
        x=self.first.value
        self.first=self.first.next
        return x
     except AttributeError:
        print('Empty queue!')

Additionally, instead of catching AttributeError why don't you use the self.isempty() method.
About self.last: It does not seem like you need it at all.
I would modify Node as follows:
class Node:
def __init__(self, val=0):
    self.value= val
    self.next = None

So that you can write:
def put(self,x):
    p = Node(x)

Below could be shortened a bit:
From:
    if self.first==None:
        self.first=p
        self.last=p
    else:
        self.last.next=p
        self.last=p

To:
    if self.first==None:
        self.first=p
    else:
        self.last.next=p
    self.last=p

It's a bit strange to me to use a Linked list as a Queue, but hey, why not :)
Note about code styling:
Use more spaces, and try to follow https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
You can run flake8 or pylint on you code to learn by practice (instead of reading the PEP ;-) )
Edit:
The new get is fine. You could avoid the else like that. As a rule of thumb the less conditional statement / scope the better:
 if self.isempty():
    print('Queue is empty!')
    return None

 x = self.first.value
 self.first = self.first.next
 return x

For your question about val=0, it's called a default parameter, so if you call Node() without specifying a val it will be 0 anyway.
n = Node()
print(n.val)
>> 0
n = Node(42)
print(n.val)
>> 42


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The sixth full-length album by American Nu Metal band. This is the fifth major label studio album by Slipknot. It is the first studio album by the band in six years and the first to not feature founding bassist Paul Gray and long time drummer Joey Jordison due to the death of Gray in 2010 (the titl..
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The fifth full-length album by legendary American Nu Metal band. The final studio album released by the band to include two longtime members: bassist and founding member Paul Gray, who was found dead in an Iowa hotel on May 24, 2010, almost two years after the release of "All Hope Is Gone"..
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First re-release of the second (and the first official) full-length album by the cult American Nu Metal band. The album spans several genres, but is generally noted for its extensive percussion and overall heavy sound. It was well received by fans and critics alike and was responsible for bringing ..


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Working on a film set
Peter Hunt during an interview.
For the past week or so, there have been numerous stories about supposedly grim feelings on the Bond 25 set.
The thing is, given how unnatural it is to work on a movie, it's surprising there aren't even more accounts about unease on film sets.
With On Her Majesty's Secret Service, first-time director Peter Hunt played mind games with first-time actor George Lazenby during the film's critical ending scene.
"I would make him sit and wait and get a bit nervous," Hunt said of Lazenby said in an interview for the documentary Inside On Her Majesty's Secret Service. "I wanted him to feel nervous and uptight."
It's not just Bond films, of course. Martin Landau, as part of a TCM video, talked about feeling insecure during filming of a scene in North by Northwest.
Landau talked about how director Alfred Hitchcock whispered direction to Cary Grant, James Mason and Eva Marie Saint. Landau approached Hitchcock whether he wanted the tell the actor anything.
"Martin, I'll only tell you if I don't like what you're doing," Landau quoted Hitchcock as saying while doing a Hitch impersonation.
Working on a film (for actors, anyway) involves waiting a long time while the director of photography and other crew members get things ready to film a scene. For actors, doing a play is more natural. But films pay better.
Bond 25 may, or may not, have had a lot of tension on the set so far. Regardless, making movies isn't a 9-to-5 job. We won't really know how it's going until the finished product is ready for viewing.
Filed under: James Bond Films, The Other Spies | Tagged: Bond 25, George Lazenby, North by Northwest, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Peter Hunt |	2 Comments »
Historian notes U.N.C.L.E., NxNW anniversaries
Robert Vaughn as Napoleon Solo
Historian Michael Beschloss used his Twitter feed to note two spy-entertainment landmarks: The first telecast of The Man From U.N.C.L.E. and the end of production on North by Northwest.
The Man From U.N.C.L.E. debuted on Sept. 22, 1964 on NBC. The show had been in development for almost two years.
Producer Norman Felton, invited to discuss doing a TV series based on Ian Fleming's Thrilling Cities book, instead pitched an adventure show.
The network said it'd commit to a series without a pilot episode if Felton could get Ian Fleming on board. The two had discussions in October 1962 in New York. In June 1963, Fleming dropped out because of pressure by 007 film producers Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman.
Despite Fleming's departure, the project continued, although a pilot would have to be made before NBC committed to a series. Writer Sam Rolfe did the heavy lifting on scripting the pilot and would be the day-to-day producer on the show's first season. The series paired Robert Vaughn as Napoleon Solo (the character name being one of Fleming's surviving contributions) and David McCallum as Illya Kuryakin.
North by Northwest, directed by Alfred Hitchcock and written by Ernest Lehman, would set the style for a lot of 1960s spy entertainment. It balanced drama and humor as Cary Grant's Roger O. Thornhill would dodge spies, with a climax on Mount Rushmore. The film ended production in September 1958 and would be released in 1959.
Here are Beschloss's tweets:
"The Man from U.N.C.L.E." premiered on NBC today 1964: pic.twitter.com/RZiryEzZ6z
— Michael Beschloss (@BeschlossDC) September 22, 2018
"North by Northwest" filming completed 60 years ago this month—James Mason, Eva Marie Saint, Cary Grant at Mount Rushmore: pic.twitter.com/w93CC3eYNG
UPDATE (9:30 p.m. New York time): Beschloss was busy with other 1960s TV shows, including Get Smart.
Video: Opening and closing of "Get Smart," which premiered this week 1965 on NBC (2 mins.):https://t.co/4tGpPzCk8S
Filed under: The Other Spies | Tagged: Alfred Hitchock, Cary Grant, David McCallum, Ernest Lehman, Eva Marie Saint, James Mason, Leo G. Carroll, Norman Felton, North by Northwest, Robert Vaughn, Sam Rolfe, The Man From U.N.C.L.E |	1 Comment »
Historian takes a brief look at North by Northwest
Cover art for a North by Northwest Blu Ray release
Michael Beschloss, a historian who writes about U.S. presidents, turned his attention over the weekend to North by Northwest.
Beschloss' Twitter feed (@BeschlossDC) often notes the anniversary of major historical events, accompanied by photos and illustrations. But he also posts tweets about the arts and society.
For North by Northwest, the 1959 film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, Beschloss had two posts.
One tweet included part of a document from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, which would release the movie, to National Park Service concerning how Mount Rushmore would be used in the movie.
"None of our characters would tread upon the faces of the Presidents," the document reads.
Beschloss also tweeted a photo of a brochure marked up by screenwriter to work out the Mount Rushmore sequence.
You can take a look for yourself.
MGM's unkept 1958 promise to National Park Service before filming "North by Northwest" at Mount Rushmore and in studio: "None of our characters would tread upon the faces of the Presidents": pic.twitter.com/gP6n1FVoqi
— Michael Beschloss (@BeschlossDC) July 14, 2018
"North by Northwest" screenwriter Ernest Lehman maps out chase scene on Mount Rushmore brochure: pic.twitter.com/z9GDplfjeg
Filed under: The Other Spies | Tagged: Alfred Hitcock, Ernest Lehman, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Michael Beschloss, North by Northwest, Twitter |	6 Comments »
Martin Landau, M:I's disguise artist, dies
Martin Landau as Rollin Hand in an IMF dossier photo
Martin Landau, who gained fame as Mission: Impossible disguise expert Rollin Hand, has died at 89, the TMZ website said.
Landau died Saturday at the UCLA Medical Center "after a short hospitalization where he suffered unexpected complications," TMZ said.
Landau enjoyed a long career that began in the early 1950s. It included a number of espionage-related stories, including portraying Leonard, a henchman in the Alfred Hitchcock-directed North by Northwest (1959); a Cold War themed episode of The Twilight Zone; and playing Thrush operative Count Zark in The Bat Cave Affair, a second-season episode of The Man From U.N.C.L.E.
But he was most famous for Mission: Impossible, where he appeared during the show's first three seasons.
M:I producer Bruce Geller wrote the part of Rollin Hand (originally named Martin Land) in his pilot script especially for Landau. Landau didn't want to sign a series deal. Geller wanted the actor for the pilot badly enough he proceeded anyway.
It would be a decision that would have a major impact on the series.
Initially, the idea was Rollin would only appear occasionally. However, series star Steven Hill, for religious reasons, insisted on leaving work at sundown on Friday.
Count Zark (Martin Landau) menaces Illya Kuryakin (David McCallum) in The Bat Cave Affair
As a result, scripts were revised to de-emphasize Hill's Dan Briggs and to keep bringing back Rollin. Throughout the first season, Landau was listed as either a guest star or making a "special guest appearance."
After the first season, Hill was fired, with Peter Graves replacing him as a new Impossible Missions Force mastermind, Jim Phelps. Landau was now joint star with Graves.
However, Landau would only agree to do one season at a time. This gave him enormous leverage in his contract negotiations.
After three seasons, Paramount executives wanted to cap costs on Mission: Impossible. The studio had tough negotiations with Landau.
According to Patrick J. White's The Complete Mission: Impossible Dossier, Paramount offered a small raise (to $7,000 an episode from $6,500 in the third season) while the actor wanted $11,000 per episode for the fourth season and $12,500 for season five.
Meanwhile, according to the book, Peter Graves had a clause in his contract that nobody else on the show could be paid more than he was. A raise for Landau also meant a raise for Graves.
Eventually, Landau departed, replaced by Leonard Nimoy as a new disguise expert, Paris. That led to Barbara Bain, Landau's real-life spouse, exiting the series as well.
Landau and Bain years later starred in Space: 1999, a syndicated Gerry Anderson science fiction series that ran two seasons. The couple divorced in 1993.
Landau eventually secured three nominations for a Best Supporting Actor Oscar, with one win for 1994's Ed Wood as Bela Lugosi. His turn as Count Zark in The Bat Cave Affair decades earlier (where he spoke with the same Lugosi accent) was a sort of warm up.
Neverthless, Landau retained his association as Rollin Hand. In 2014, the MeTV cable channel produced promos for M:I with Landau urging viewers to "watch me on Me…MeTV," while it was running the series as part of a Sunday night block of spy shows.
Filed under: The Other Spies | Tagged: Barbara Bain, Bruce Geller, Ed Wood, Martin Landau, MeTV, Mission: Impossible, North by Northwest, Peter Graves, Steven Hill, The Man From U.N.C.L.E., TMZ |	1 Comment »
North by Northwest: Feast of the character actors
Posted on April 7, 2016 by The Spy Commander
Alfred Hitchcock's cameo right after his "directed by" credit in North by Northwest
There are plenty of reasons to enjoy 1959's North by Northwest, one of Alfred Hitchcock's best thrillers. Among them: a slick performance by Cary Grant. Eva Marie Saint as the heroine, James Mason as the villain, Martin Landau as the villain's main assistant, Ernest Lehman's script, Bernard Herrmann's music, etc.
The purpose of this post, though, is to point out the wealth of character actors, especially for those familiar with 1960s and 1970s television shows in the U.S. Hitchcock's 136-minute film provided plenty of parts, albeit small in most cases, for busy character actors.
What follows is a sampling:
Leo G. Carroll (The Professor): Carroll, by this point, was something of a Hitchock regular, having previously appeared in Rebecca, Suspicion and Spellbound. Here's he appears as "The Professor," a high-ranking official of U.S. intelligence. It's a preview of his performances as Alexander Waverly in The Man From U.N.C.L.E.
Jessie Royce Landis (Roger Thornhill's mother): Landis was born in 1896, just eight years before Cary Grant. She steals almost every scene she's in here, especially when she's skeptical of her son's wild story of spies. Her career spanned decades.
Edward Platt (Thornhill's lawyer): At his point, Platt was six years away from his best-known role, The Chief in Get Smart.
Ken Lynch (Chicago policeman): Lynch showed up as gruff cops (he had a recurring role on the 1970s show McCloud as a New York cop) or gruff villains. With 189 acting credits in his IMDB.COM ENTRY, he never lacked for work.
Malcom Atterbury (Man at Bus Stop): The busy charactor actor (155 credits in his IMDB.COM ENTRY) only gets a few lines as he chats with Cary Grant's Roger Thornhill in the middle of nowhere. But Atterbury's observation about the crop dusting plane sets up a classic sequence, which would be an influence in the Terence Young-directed From Russia With Love.
Lawrence Dobkin (U.S. intelligence official): He's one of the people who participates in a meeting chaired by The Professor. In the 1970s, he'd double as a director on various series as well as being a character actor (including being the villain in the pilot of The Streets of San Francisco).
Les Tremayne (Auctioneer): Blessed with a smooth, silky voice, Tremayne remained busy for decades, including a part in the 1953 version of War of the Worlds.
Olan Soule (Assistant Auctioneer): Another actor blessed with a smooth voice. He had a slight build, but an enormous voice, ensuring he could get work frequently. His many voice-only roles included playing Batman in cartoons produced by Filmation and Hanna-Barbera.
Alfred Hitchcock (Man at New York Bus Stop): One of Hitchcock's more prominent cameos, he misses the bus immediately after his "directed by" credit.
And no this is not a comprehensive list (sorry, Edward Binns and Ned Glass, among others).
Filed under: The Other Spies | Tagged: Alfred Hitchcock, Cary Grant, Edward Platt, Eva Marie Saint, James Mason, Ken Lynch, Lawrence Dobkin, Leo G. Carroll, Les Tremayne, Malcolm Atterbury, Martin Landau, North by Northwest, Olan Soule, The Man From U.N.C.L.E |	Leave a comment »
Does SPECTRE have too much humor? Not really
A recurring criticism of SPECTRE is that the 24th James Bond film engages in too much "Roger Moore humor."
This trope came up repeatedly. (Trust us, this blog surveyed a lot of reviews on both sides of the Atlantic.) Yet, in a lot of ways, SPECTRE's humor content was closer to "Alfred Hitchock-Ernest Lehman humor," as realized in the 1959 movie North by Northwest.
Without going into too much detail, North by Northwest concerns the adventures of New York advertising executive Roger O. Thornhill (Cary Grant), who suddenly finds himself in the midst of a Cold War adventure involving spies from all sides.
Sounds like very serious stuff. And it is. But there's also some humor, similar to SPECTRE.
SLAPSTICK: In SPECTRE, the main example of slapstick humor involves a hapless driver of a Fiat in Rome, with Bond (Daniel Craig) tailgating him while trying to evade Hinx (Dave Bautista). The Fiat driver eventually touches (slightly) a post, causing his air bag to deploy.
In North by Northwest, Thornhill has been forced to drink an entire fifth of Bourbon by the lackeys of lead villain Vandamm (James Mas0n). The thugs intend to make it look like Thornhill had a fatal auto accident while drunk. But Thornhills revives enough to drive off. At one point, two of his car's four wheels are over a cliff. In a closeup, Grant looks at the camera while his character is drunk and not entirely sure what's going on.
MORE SUBTLE HUMOR: In SPECTRE, Bond has amusing exchanges with M (Ralph Fiennes) and Q (Ben Whishaw).
In North by Northwest, Thornhill — who finally knows everything — gets away from his "American Intelligence" minder the Professor (Leo G. Carroll). He gets out of his own hospital room and enters the room of a woman patient.
The woman patient, while putting on her glasses, says, "Stop!"
Grant's Thornhill replies, "I'm sorry…" The woman patient, her glasses now on and realizing what she sees, replies, "Stop…."
"Uh, uh, uh," Thornhill says, wagging his finger. He then ducks out of the room.
In a 2009 post, this blog argued that North by Northwest provided the blueprint for 1960s spy entertainment. SPECTRE is an attempt to replicate that, as well as the "classic" Bond film style, while including some of the drama of 21st century Daniel Craig 007 movies.
SPECTRE has its faults. This blog's review, while liking the film overall, cited the "reveal," the length and the last third of the film as demerits. Still, SPECTRE doen't remotely resemble a comedy, as some critics seemed to think it did. It's an attempt, as we've said before, of blending "classic" and Craig-style Bond.
And it's humor content is comparable to what Hitchcock liked to introduce in some of his films. SPECTRE isn't up to the standards of North by Northwest. That's still a nice standard to shoot for.
Filed under: James Bond Films, The Other Spies | Tagged: Alfred Hitchcock, Cary Grant, Daniel Craig, Ernest Lehman, North by Northwest, Roger Moore, SPECTRE |	2 Comments »
Jon Burlingame starts a YouTube channel
Film and television music expert Jon Burlingame has started a YouTube channel called Reel Music. First up: a look at Burlingame's picks for top 10 spy movie scores.
Burlingame has written books on television composers and James Bond music. In the initial video, launched on Aug. 11, his selections comprise a number of different composers.
Burlingame's list is presented in chronological order and doesn't attempt to rank the 10 selections. It begins with Bernard Herrmann's score for 1959's North by Northwest and ends with John Powell's score for 2002's The Bourne Identity.
Along the way, there are two John Barry scores (Goldfinger and The Ipcress File), three Bond films (including one not made by Eon Productions) as well as efforts by Lalo Schifrin, Quincy Jones and Dave Grusin.
You can take a look for yourself. While individual viewers might quibble with selections or argue for others, there's no dispute that Burlingame knows the music territory.
Note: the image below shows posters for Mission: Impossible Rogue Nation and The Man From U.N.C.L.E. movie. Neither shows up on the list, but they present a "news peg" in journalism-speak.
Filed under: James Bond Films, The Other Spies | Tagged: Bernard Herrmann, Dave Grusin, Goldfinger, James Bond music, John Powell, Jon Burlingame, Lalo Schifrin, North by Northwest, Quincy Jones, The Bourne Identity, The Ipcress File, YouTube |	Leave a comment »


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In Escape Routes / JWB, I retrace the escape route of John Wilkes Booth, as he fled from assassinating Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington DC to his death in confrontation with Union soldiers near Port Royal, Virginia. During Booth's 12-day and approximately 75 mile flight, he struggled to understand why he was not greeted as a liberator and war hero.
Tracing Booth's route 150 years later is now a mixture of urban living, declining suburbs, new housing developments, rural pockets of country living, and highway commuter culture. I hope to convey fragments of the complexity of contemporary life in the United States.
After being hunted like a dog through swamps, woods, and last night being chased by gunboats till I was forced to return wet, cold, and starving, with every man's hand against me, I am here in despair. And why? For doing what Brutus was honored for. What made Tell a hero? And yet I, for striking down a greater tyrant than they ever knew, am looked upon as a common cutthroat. My action was purer than either of theirs. One hoped to be great himself. The other had not only his country's but his own, wrongs to avenge. I hoped for no gain. I knew no private wrong. I struck for my country and that alone. A country that groaned beneath this tyranny, and prayed for this end, and yet now behold the cold hands they extend to me. God cannot pardon me if I have done wrong. Yet I cannot see my wrong, except in serving a degenerate people. The little, the very little, I left behind to clear my name, the Government will not allow to be printed. So ends all. For my country I have given up all that makes life sweet and holy, brought misery upon my family, and am sure there is no pardon in the Heaven for me, since man condemns me so. I have only heard of what has been done (except what I did myself), and it fills me with horror. God, try and forgive me, and bless my mother. Tonight I will once more try the river with the intent to cross. Though I have a greater desire and almost a mind to return to Washington, and in a measure clear my name - which I feel I can do. I do not repent the blow I struck. I may before my God, but not to man. I think I have done well. Though I am abandoned, with the curse of Cain upon me, when, if the world knew my heart, that one blow would have made me great, though I did desire no greatness. Tonight I try to escape these bloodhounds once more. Who, who can read his fate? God's will be done. I have too great a soul to die like a criminal. Oh, may He, may He spare me that, and let me die bravely. I bless the entire world. Have never hated or wronged anyone. This last was not a wrong, unless God deems it so, and it's with Him to damn or bless me. As for this brave boy with me, who often prays (yes, before and since) with a true and sincere heart - was it crime in him? If so, why can he pray the same?
I do not wish to shed a drop of blood, but 'I must fight the course.' 'Tis all that's left to me.


Close to schools, transport and shopping centre this immaculate 3 bed BV is sure to impress. Offers air conditioned lounge with formal dining, practical kitchen with gas cooking, ample BIRs and tiled bathroom. Externally a covered patio and single garage complete the package. Includes good fittings,new gas HWS and ducted heating throughout. DONT MISS THIS!


First and foremost thank you for checking out Infamous Beard Gang. I'm sure you are curious what our Brotherhood is about! We are about many things; The BEARD, Family, Loyalty, Respect, Honor, and Giving Back to The Community. In a world full of bad, we strive to lift up others and be the best that we can be. We support Beards Worldwide by providing 100% All Natural Products, providing beards tips, and creating chapters to spread our Brotherhood. Each chapter is the same! We have the same goals and represent the same patch. The only difference is our location. Chapters are responsible for group meetings and charities that give back to the community. We strive to help everyone meet their goal(s) in life regardless of their color, ethnicity, religion, sexual preferences, or beliefs. Our vision is simple. Change the way society views bearded men and in the process.. improve the lives of our brothers, WORLDWIDE!


Directed by Jeff Kennedy and Dean West, "Ghost Town: The Movie" is a Western film, released in the USA on June 02 of 2007 , starring Herbert 'Cowboy' Coward, Bill McKinney, DJ Perry, Princess Lucaj, Rance Howard and Renée O'Connor.
Ghost Town: The Movie was directed by Jeff Kennedy and Dean West.
Jeff Kennedy is an actor, and director.
Dean West is an American actor, producer, director, and writer.
Ghost Town: The Movie was first released on Saturday, June 02, 2007, in the United States. Also released on this day were 2 Days in Paris (dir. Julie Delpy), Medium (dir. Michael Buran and Anthony Gaudioso), and Azuloscurocasinegro (dir. Daniel S�nchez Ar�valo). This was eleven (11) years ago.
Anthony Hornus and DJ Perry, Rance Howard also appeared in Miracle at Sage Creek, released in 2005.
Russ Stine and DJ Perry, Terry Jernigan can all be seen in Judges, released in 2005.
No message has yet been posted about Ghost Town: The Movie.
Resources: Collective Development, Wikipedia and contributions from movie fans. Anyone can submit additionnal information and corrections, you can post a message into the forum, or you can contact me by e-mail. Information and materials are submitted by users and thus may not always contain up-to-date and correct information, so do not hesite to report mistakes, and submit corrections.Thank you!. Direct editing is no longer available, sorry.


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There's been so much going on here at Grandmas2Share in the last few months!
If you haven't heard or seen, we were on a new competition reality television series called "The Toy Box" on the ABC network, airing right before Shark Tank. (Coincidence? I think not.) It's a new show for toy inventors to compete to have their toy brought to market by Mattel!
We didn't make it to the finals but we did make it into The Toy Box, so there's a plus!
It brought a lot of hits to our newly remodeled website and new orders!
Although it was a great experience, I only wish they would've shown what actually happened without so much editing.
I received a lot of emails and texts with questions about the dolls. They didn't air the part where the kids were squeezing the doll's hand to hear it talk, or reading the book aloud to each other. There were many sweet moments that were left out as well. One of the kids was hugging and rocking the doll saying how it reminded him of his grandma! It was so heartwarming to see….and then so disheartening to NOT see!
I've had a lot of suggestions and requests for my new "grandmas" coming out this year. If you'd like a sneak peek, you can check out our homepage.
I had a lot of my family and friends over for a "premier party" because, well, how often am I going to be on national television, right?
Overall, it was a great night even though I didn't win. The exposure brought awareness to the company and the importance of having a Grandmas2Share doll. The messages I received after the show aired showed me there is a need to have a grandma doll!
Also, having the support of my family and friends was a win in itself!
Until next time…hug your grandma!


text:
BOURG — Assumption coach Anthony Paine had been waiting all season for his team to put together a complete game.
On Thursday night, Paine's wait came to an end.
The Mustangs played their best game of the season at the right time and opened District 7-4A play with a 46-16 win over the Ellender Patriots at South Terrebonne Memorial Stadium.
Paine said he was happy to see the Mustangs (2-4 overall, 1-0 in district) put it all together for the 7-4A opener.
"We finally put it together for four quarters in all aspects of the game," Paine said. "Coming in, we knew it would be tough because (Ellender's Justin Johnson) is the leading rusher in the area, and (Ellender's Dustin "Doogie" Creppel) throws the ball around like there is no tomorrow. It was pick your poison. I definitely think we had a good game plan coming in. Some of our predistrict opponents helped us prepare for this, but this is just one step of a new season. We still have plenty of football left to play."
Against Ellender (3-3, 0-1 in district), Assumption was able to control the game on both sides of the ball. Offensively, the Mustangs had success with the running and passing games, finishing with 352 yards of total offense (255 passing, 97 rushing). Defensively, the Patriots were limited to 214 yards of total offense (68 rushing, 146 passing).
Ellender coach Terry Washington said he was disappointed in his team's overall performance.
"We didn't compete," Washington said. "They took it to us. We just didn't come to play. We knew they were a good football team with a lot of pride and were going to come ready to play. We just didn't come out (Thursday night). I think we are still over at Ellender. It's a tough loss for us."
Early on, it was a battle of field position.
After opening the game with a solid kickoff return, Assumption marched deep into Ellender territory and had a fourth-and-one at the 4-yard line. But the Mustangs came up empty when Melvin Young was stuffed at the line of scrimmage.
Starting deep in their own territory, the Patriots couldn't get anything going offensively and were forced to punt from their own end zone.
Following a 20-yard punt, Assumption started at Ellender's 23-yard line and scored eight plays later on an 8-yard quarterback keeper by Daron Williams. The 2-point try failed, and the Mustangs led 6-0 with 4:25 left in the first quarter.
Ellender used a combination of running and passing to march down the field for its first touchdown. Two plays into the second quarter, Creppel connected with Dan Mitchell on a 5-yard touchdown pass, and the duo hooked up again on the two-point try to give the Patriots an 8-6 lead with 11:34 left in the first half.
The Mustangs once again started near midfield and quickly answered Ellender's touchdown. Six plays into the drive, Williams scored his second touchdown of the game — this time on a 14-yard run — to give the Mustangs a 12-8 lead in the second quarter.
Assumption added a touchdown late in the second quarter when Ryan Gaudet plunged into the end zone from a yard out for a 18-8 halftime lead.
Ellender appeared poised to climb back in the game after returning the opening kickoff of the second half to the Assumption 26. Two plays later, Creppel (16-of-27 for 142 yards, TD, INT) and Mitchell (seven catches, 62 yards, TD) hooked up again on a 28-yard touchdown pass, and Creppel ran in the two-point conversion to make the score 18-16.
The Mustangs quickly retook the game's momentum when Williams lofted a 41-yard touchdown pass Jordan Bell for a 24-16 lead. Williams passed for 97 yards and added 55 yard rushing and two scores.
"I told my guys coming out of the half that kickoff and first possession was important," Paine said. "We gave a big play on the kickoff, and they scored, so that took some of the steam away from us. But we responded well to the adversity, which is something we haven't done well this year. We kept our composure and kept playing football."
Williams' touchdown pass opened the floodgates, as the Mustangs scored touchdowns on their next three possessions.
Jimmie Wise scored on a 13-yard run to increase Assumption's lead to 32-16, and Young added a 3-yard touchdown run midway through the fourth quarter to make the score 38-16.
Following a sack and fumble by Creppel, Wise (25 carries, 127 yards, two TDs) capped off the scoring for Assumption when he scored on a 10-yard run to make the score 46-16.
On the sack, Creppel was helped off the field with an injured shoulder. Washington said he did not know the severity of the injury.


text:
phenothiazine
antiPsychotics = neuroleptics
Long term use of neuroleptics is linked to visible shrinkage of the frontal lobes - the part of the brain used for higher level thought, the same part targeted by the frontal lobotomy and shock treatments.
1876 An aniline dye methylene blue, a derivative of phenothiazine, is synthesized by Heinrich Caro at BASF.
1883 Heinrich August Bernthsen synthesized phenothiazine S(C6H4)2NH.
mid 1880s Paul Ehrlich began to use methylene blue in his cell staining experiments that led to pioneering discoveries about different cell types.
1890s Methylene blue is being used to treat malaria.
1935 DuPont introduced the chemical phenothiazine as an insecticide.
The term "phenothiazines" describes the largest of the five main classes of neuroleptic antiPsychotic chemicals.
It is claimed these chemicals have antiPsychotic and antiemetic properties.
Phenothiazine may cause severe side effects such as akathisia (inability to remain motionless), tardive dyskinesia (involuntary repetitive movements) as well as other extrapyramidal symptoms such as an inability to move, and the rare but potentially fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome as well as substantial weight gain.
The cause of tardive dyskinesia appears to be related to damage to the part of the nervous system that uses and processes the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Targeting the cannabinoid receptor CB2 in a mouse model of l-dopa induced dyskinesia
Phenothiazine antiPsychotics are classified into three groups that differ with respect to the substituent on nitrogen:
the aliphatic compounds (bearing acyclic groups);
the "piperidines" (bearing piperidine-derived groups);
and the piperazine (bearing piperazine-derived substituents).
Aliphatic compounds
Chlorpromazine marketed as Thorazine®, Chlor-PZ®, Klorazine®, Promachlor®, Promapar®, Sonazine®, Chlorprom®, Chlor-Promanyl®, Largactil®.
Promazine marketed as Sparine®
Triflupromazine marketed as Stelazine®, Clinazine®, Novaflurazine®, Pentazine®, Terfluzine®, Triflurin®, Vesprin®
Levomepromazine/Methotrimeprazine marketed as Nozinan®, Levoprome®
Mesoridazine marketed as Serentil®
Thioridazine marketed as Mellaril®, Novoridazine®, Thioril®
Piperazines
Fluphenazine marketed as Prolixin®, Permitil®, Modecate®, Moditen®
Perphenazine marketed as Trilafon®, Etrafon®, Triavil®, Phenazine®
Flupentixol marketed as Depixol®, Fluanxol®
Prochlorperazine marketed as Compazine®, Stemetil®®
Trifluoperazine marketed as Stelazine®
Most phenothiazines act as strong central nervous system sedatives..
Examples of phenothiazine antiPsychotics are: prochlorperazine (Compazine®, Compro®, Procomp®), chlorpromazine (Promapar®, Thorazine®), fluphenazine (Permitil®, Prolixin®), perphenazine, trifluoperazine (Stelazine®), thioridazine (Mellaril®) and mesoridazine (no longer available in the United States).
Long term use of neuroleptics shows visible shrinkage of the frontal lobes - the part of the brain used for rational thought, the same part targeted by the frontal lobotomy and shock treatments.
1944 3,500,000 pounds of phenothiazine is sold in the US.
Phenothiazine use declines after 1944 as it quickly degrades in sunlight and air, so it is difficult to determine how much to use in the field.
Phenothiazine is largely replaced by DDT which is more durable
This website defines a new perspective with which to engage reality to which its author adheres. The author feels that the falsification of reality outside personal experience has forged a populace unable to discern propaganda from reality and that this has been done purposefully by an international corporate cartel through their agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reality on the human race. Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate religious practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religious ideology. This web site marks the founding of a system of philosophy named The Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie - a rational gnostic mystery religion based on reason which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme leader, no church buildings and in which each and every individual is encouraged to develop a personal relation with the Creator and Sustainer through the pursuit of the knowledge of reality in the hope of curing the spiritual corruption that has enveloped the human spirit. The tenets of The Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on this web site by the author. Violent acts against individuals due to their religious beliefs in America is considered a "hate crime."
This web site in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the violence that is already occurring due to the international corporate cartels desire to control the human race. The international corporate cartel already controls the world economic system, corporate media worldwide, the global industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the collapse of morals, the elevation of self-centered behavior and the destruction of global ecosystems. Civilization is based on coöperation. Coöperation does not occur at the point of a gun.
American social mores and values have declined precipitously over the last century as the corrupt international cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to deceive the populace in general through corporate media by pressing emotional buttons which have been preprogrammed into the population through prior mass media psychological operations. The results have been the destruction of the family and the destruction of social structures that do not adhere to the corrupt international elites vision of a perfect world. Through distraction and coercion the direction of thought of the bulk of the population has been directed toward solutions proposed by the corrupt international elite that further consolidates their power and which further their purposes.
Fair Use Notice This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of criminal justice, human rights, political, economic, democratic, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information see: www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.


This booklet simplifies labour issues for NGOs in Uganda. It provides information on employment rights, duties and equality at the work place for staff, casual labourers, volunteers, interns and apprentice. It also highlights on sexual harassment, child labour and other related actions that violate rights of individuals at the work place. We hope that the reader will be able to understand their rights and responsibilities at the work place and institution heads will appreciate the obligations of the employer.


Canavan disease is one of nearly 60 diseases currently on the Jewish Genetic Disease Consortium's list of genetic conditions that affect persons of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage more frequently than the general population. Anyone who is considering screening for Canavan disease because of Jewish heritage should consider screening for the entire list of Ashkenazi Jewish genetic diseases.
Note: For the most sensitive and accurate carrier detection available for Tay-Sachs, the Canavan Foundation highly recommends either: 1) a combination of DNA and biochemical carrier screening (enzyme analysis), or 2) next generation sequencing of the HEXA (Tay-Sachs) gene. There may be different costs associated with these approaches, so it is best to consult with a genetic counselor before proceeding.
There is a separate list of diseases of concern to persons of Sephardic (Mediterranean) and Mizrahi (Persian and Middle Eastern) Jewish heritage. Visit the Jewish Genetic Disease Consortium website for a complete disease list.
You may wish to learn more about Jewish identify and heritage in the US and how they affect genetic screening recommendations.
Preconception screening for Cystic Fibrosis and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is recommended for anyone who is considering starting or adding to a family, no matter what their ancestry. Preconception screening for other diseases is recommended for other ethnic groups and for people with a family history of genetic disease.
Your doctor or a genetic counselor can help you understand which other screening might be right for you. Speak to your doctor about genetic screening.


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Live broadcast or live streaming on the Internet is not as difficult as people think. In fact, it's very easy. All you need is an audio or video source, a way to get audio or video on your computer, a free program provided by Microsoft, and sufficient bandwidth to transfer content. And it is not surprising, because it helps people to reach and communicate with each other, regardless of the country in which they live. In addition, this online technology can be extremely useful when it comes to business promotion, online lessons, broadcast events, studying the behavior of animals living in different parts of the world, communicating with business partners and colleagues, etc.
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text:
Umm al-Nar culture
Umm al-Nar
Arabic: أُمّ الـنَّـار, romanized: Umm an-Nār "Mother of the Fire"
Umm al-Nar (Arabic: أُمّ الـنَّـار, romanized: Umm an-Nār, lit. 'Mother of the Fire') is the name given to a Bronze age culture that existed around 2600-2000 BCE in the area of modern-day United Arab Emirates and Northern Oman. The etymology derives from the island of the same name which lies adjacent to Abu Dhabi city and which provided early evidence and finds attributed to the period.[1][2]
2 Attributes
3 Excavations
4 Occupation phases
The key site is well protected, but its location between a refinery and a sensitive military area means public access is currently restricted. The UAE authorities are working to improve public access to the site, and plan to make this an Abu Dhabi cultural location.
One element of the Umm al-Nar culture is circular tombs typically characterized by well fitted stones in the outer wall and multiple human remains within.[3]
The Umm an-Nar culture covers around five or six centuries (2600-2000 BCE). The name is derived from Umm al-Nar, a small island located on the southeast of the much larger island Abu Dhabi. It is one of 200 islands that dominate the coast of Abu Dhabi.
A tomb from the Umm al-Nar culture in Ras Al Khaimah
Distinctive Umm Al Nar burial - this grave is at the Al Sufouh Archaeological site in Dubai.
The first archaeological excavations in Abu Dhabi began at Umm al-Nar in 1959, twelve years before the foundation of the United Arab Emirates. Seven tombs from a total of fifty and three areas at the ruins of the ancient settlement were examined by the Danish Archaeological Expedition. During their first visit they identified a few exposed shaped stones fitted together at some of the stone mounds. The following year (February 1959) the first excavations started at one of the mounds on the plateau, now called Tomb I. Two more seasons (1960 and 1961) involved digging more tombs, while the last three seasons (1962/1963, 1964 and 1965) were allocated to examining the settlement.
The Danish excavations on Umm al-Nar halted in 1965 but were resumed in 1975 by an archaeological team from Iraq. During the Iraqi excavations which lasted one season, five tombs were excavated and a small section of the village was examined. Between 1970 and 1972 an Iraqi restoration team headed by Shah Al Siwani, former member of the Antiquities Director in Baghdad, restored and/or reconstructed the Danish excavated tombs.
At Al Sufouh Archaeological Site in Dubai, archaeological excavation between 1994 and 1995 revealed an Umm Al-Nar type circular tomb dating between 2500 and 2000 B.C.
Dilmun Burial Mounds in Bahrain also feature Umm al-Nar Culture remains.
At Tell Abraq, settlements associated with the start of the Umm al-Nar Culture began c. 2500 BCE.
Occupation phases
Decorated stone cup from the original Umm Al Nar discovery, Abu Dhabi. Cups similar to these have been found at other Umm Al Nar era sites around the UAE. On display at the Louvre Abu Dhabi
The Ubaid period (5,000-3,800 BCE) followed the neolithic Arabian bifacial era. Pottery vessels of the period already show contact with Mesopotamia.[3]
The Hafit period followed the Ubaid period. During the Hafit period (3200 - 2600 BCE) burial cairns with the appearance of a beehive appeared, consisting of a small chamber for one to two burials.
The distinctive circular tombs of the Umm al-Nar period (2,600-2,000 BCE) distinguish it from the preceding Hafit period, together with finds of distinctive black on red decorated pottery and jewellery made with gems such as carnelian, sourced from the Indus Valley.
A number of important Umm al-Nar sites in the UAE such as Hili, Badiyah, Tell Abraq and Kalba feature large, towers presumably defensive in purpose. At Tell Abraq, this fortification is 40 metres in diameter, but most are between 16 and 25 metres.[4] These fortifications typically are built around a well, presumably to protect important water resources.
During this period, the first Sumerian mentions of a land of Magan (Akkadian Makkan) are made, as well as references to 'the Lords of Magan'. Sumerian sources also point to 'Tilmun' (accepted today as modern Bahrain) and Meluhha (thought to refer to the Indus Valley).[4] Akkadian campaigns against Magan took place in the twenty-third century, again possibly explaining the need for fortifications, and both Manishtusu and Naram-Sin and Manishtusu, in particular, wrote of campaigning against '32 lords of Magan'.[4]
Magan was famed for its shipbuilding and its maritime capabilities. King Sargon of Agade (2,371-2,316 BCE) boasted that his ports were home to boats from Tilmun, Magan and Meluhha. His successor, Naram-Sin, not only conquered Magan, but honoured the Magan King Manium by naming the city of Manium-Ki in Mesopotamia after him. Trade between the Indus Valley and Sumer took place through Magan, although that trade appears to have been interrupted, as Ur-Nammu (2,113-2,096 BCE) laid claim to having 'brought back the ships of Magan'.[5]
Terracotta Ubaid Ware bottle from the original Umm Al Nar discovery in Abu Dhabi. The bottle dates back to 2,000-2,500 BCE. On display at the Louvre Abu Dhabi
Archaeological finds dating from this time show trade not only with the Indus Valley and Sumer, but also with Iran and Bactria.[6] They have also revealed what is thought to be the oldest case on record of poliomyelitis, with the distinctive signs of the disease found in the skeleton of a woman from Tell Abraq.[6]
Domestic manufactures in the late third millennium included soft-stone vessels, decorated with dotted circles. These, in the shapes of beakers, bowls and compartmentalised boxes, are distinctive.[7]
The trade with Mesopotamia collapsed in and around 2,000 BCE, with a series of disasters including the Aryan invasion of the Indus Valley,[8] the fall of the Mesopotamian city of Ur to Elam in 2,000 BC and the decline of the Indus Valley Harappan Culture in 1800 BC. The abandonment of the port of Umm Al Nar took place at around this time.[9]
There is some dispute as to the exact cause of the end of the trading era of the Umm al-Nar period and the inwardly focused domestication of the Wadi Suq period, but archaeologists are generally agreed that the domestication of the camel at around this time led to nomadism and something of a 'Dark Age' in the area. Modern consensus is that the transition from the Umm al-Nar to the Wadi Suq period was evolutionary and not revolutionary.[10][11]
After Umm al-Nar, the Wadi Suq culture followed (2,000-1,300 BCE), a period which saw more inland settlement, increasingly sophisticated metallurgy and the domestication of the camel.
The poorly represented last phase of the Bronze Age (1,600-1,300 BCE) has only been vaguely identified in a small number of settlements. This last phase of the Bronze Age was followed by a boom when the underground irrigation system (the qanāt (Persian: قَنات), here called falaj (Arabic: فَـلَـج)) was introduced during the Iron Age (1300-300 BCE) by local communities.[12]
List of Ancient Settlements in the UAE
Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn
^ UAE History: 20,000 - 2,000 years ago - UAEinteract Archived 2013-06-13 at the Wayback Machine
^ "UNESCO - Tentative Lists". Settlement and Cemetery of Umm an-Nar Island. UNESCO. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
^ a b "Introduction to the Archaeology of Ras Al Khaimah", rakheritage.rak.ae
^ a b c United Arab Emirates : a new perspective. Abed, Ibrahim., Hellyer, Peter. London: Trident Press. 2001. p. 40. ISBN 1900724472. OCLC 47140175. CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Donald., Hawley, (1970). The Trucial States. London,: Allen & Unwin. p. 27. ISBN 0049530054. OCLC 152680.
^ a b United Arab Emirates : a new perspective. Abed, Ibrahim., Hellyer, Peter. London: Trident Press. 2001. p. 43. ISBN 1900724472. OCLC 47140175. CS1 maint: others (link)
^ United Arab Emirates : a new perspective. Abed, Ibrahim., Hellyer, Peter. London: Trident Press. 2001. p. 46. ISBN 1900724472. OCLC 47140175. CS1 maint: others (link)
^ 1963-, Hawker, Ronald William (2008). Traditional architecture of the Arabian Gulf : building on desert tides. Southampton, UK: WIT. ISBN 9781845641351. OCLC 191244229.
^ Gregoricka, L. A. (2016-03-01). "Human Response to Climate Change during the Umm an-Nar/Wadi Suq Transition in the United Arab Emirates". International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. 26 (2): 211–220. doi:10.1002/oa.2409. ISSN 1099-1212.
^ The Island of Umm-an-Nar Volume 1: Third Millennium Graves (Jutland Archaeological Society Publications) (v. 1) [Hardcover] Karen Frifelt (Author), Ella Hoch (Contributor), Manfred Kunter (Contributor), David S. Reese (Contributor)]; Island of Umm-an-Nar Volume 2: The Third Millennium Settlement (Jutland Archaeological Society Publications) December 1, 1995]
P. Yule–G. Weisgerber, The Tower Tombs at Shir, Eastern Ḥajar, Sultanate of Oman, in: Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Archäologie (BAVA) 18, 1998, 183–241, ISBN 3-8053-2518-5.
Karen Frifelt, The Island of Umm-an-Nar. Jutland Archaeologcia Society Publications, Aarhus 1995
Vol. 1: Third Millennium Graves. ISBN 8772885610.
Vol. 2: The Third Millennium Settlement. ISBN 8772885777.
Walid Yasin Al Tikriti: Archaeology of Umm an-Nar Island (1959–2009). Abu Dhabi Culture & Heritage, Department of Historic Environment, Abu Dhabi 2011
About Umm an-Nar culture, at academia.edu website:
Charlotte Marie Cable, Christopher P. Thornton: Monumentality and the Third-millennium "Towers" of the Oman Peninsula. online
Daniel T. Potts: The Hafit – Umm an-Nar transition: Evidence from Falaj al-Qaba'il and Jabal al-Emalah. In. J. Giraud, G. Gernez, V. de Castéja (Hrsg.): Aux marges de l'archéologie: Hommages à Serge Cleuziou. Paris 2012: Travaux de la Maison René-Ginouves 16, S. 371–377. online