text:
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2021 Rolls-Royce Boat Tail - the most expensive new car in the world!
Rolls-Royce 'Boat Tail' a counterpoint to industrialised luxury
- Rolls-Royce introduces utterly unique coachbuilt 'Boat Tail' commission
- Rolls-Royce Coachbuild to become a permanent fixture in future portfolio
- Based on a true commission model, 'Boat Tail' represents a collaborative exploration of luxury, design and culture between the marque and commissioning clients
- Coachbuild empowers clients to create potent evocative expressions of personal taste
- Rolls-Royce Coachbuild is contemporary patronage in its truest form
- Rolls-Royce prompted the contemporary coachbuilding movement in 2017 with the introduction of 'Sweptail'
"Today marks a seminal moment for the House of Rolls-Royce. We are proud to unveil Rolls-Royce Boat Tail to the world, and with it, the confirmation of coachbuilding as a permanent fixture within our future portfolio.
"Historically, coachbuilding had been an integral part of the Rolls-Royce story. In the contemporary Rolls-Royce narrative, it has informed our guiding philosophy of Bespoke. But it is so much more. Rolls-Royce Coachbuild is a return to the very roots of our brand. It represents an opportunity for the select few to participate in the creation of utterly unique and truly personal commissions of future historical significance.
"Rolls-Royce has carefully listened to its closest clients, each of whom has expressed a desire to deepen their relationship with the brand by creating ambitious, personal statements of true luxury. Rolls-Royce Boat Tail is not a concept created to be retrospectively sold.
"Quite the contrary. Rolls-Royce believes in complete authenticity and Boat Tail is the culmination of a four-year collaboration with three of our most special clients.
"Rolls-Royce Coachbuild clients are intimately and personally involved at each step of the creative and engineering process. We work in harmony with the client to gain complete fluency in the nuances of their character and personality. We carefully translate these qualities into the elements with which they wish to imbue their commission.
"Only the House of Rolls-Royce can offer its Coachbuild clients the inimitable opportunity to commission a product of future historical significance, that is as fundamentally unique as they are – and then participate in every detail of its creation.
"This is authentic luxury. This is contemporary patronage in its truest form. This is Rolls-Royce Coachbuild."
Torsten Müller-Ötvös, Chief Executive, Rolls-Royce
"Rolls-Royce Boat Tail challenges the notion of what a motor car is and creates a new definition of what a motor car means. Boat Tail exists far beyond a mere means of transport. It is not just the method to reach a destination, but the destination itself. It is an ambition realised with a remarkable cohort of women and men who empowered the marque to create a concept of extraordinary scope.
"Coachbuild provides freedom to move beyond the usual constraints. Normally, there is a natural ceiling to Rolls-Royce Bespoke by way of the canvas. At Rolls-Royce Coachbuild we break through that ceiling, embracing the freedom of expression afforded by coachbuilding to shape a concept directly with our commissioning patrons.
"With Boat Tail we have achieved this. We have created a trio of exceptional cars which, although they share a common body style, are each imbued with the unique, highly personal imprint of the commissioning patron, thereby telling differing stories. Boat Tail is unprecedented. Boat Tail is a distinct counterpoint to industrialised luxury."
Alex Innes, Head of Rolls-Royce Coachbuild Design, Rolls-Royce
As a House of Luxury, Rolls-Royce imbues its products with meaning. A Rolls-Royce serves as a canvas onto which clients reflect their personal tastes, express ambitions and often, define legacies. The Bespoke treatment of a Rolls-Royce elegantly reflects its status as 'the best car in the world' while stylishly expressing the personality of its commissioning client.
Ever increasingly, clients appreciate and enjoy the marque's Bespoke capabilities and Rolls-Royce is called upon, by its clients, to integrate itself into their lives in meaningful ways. The brand and its clients have become progressively closer and the designers, engineers and craftspeople at the Home of Rolls-Royce, a Global Centre of Luxury Manufacturing Excellence, have developed a unique fluency in interpreting the lifestyles of these remarkable women and men. This evolution of mutual confidence has resulted in ever more ambitious commissions, reaching well beyond the scope of Bespoke competencies and capacity, into the rarefied realm of coachbuilding. To fulfil these extraordinary client commissions Rolls-Royce has reached a decision to return to one of the historical roots of the marque and to initiate a distinct department within the company, Rolls-Royce Coachbuild.
Coachbuilding is a highly distilled expression of Rolls-Royce Bespoke and is reserved for those who look to move beyond existing constraints. It is based on a true commission model and represents a collaborative exploration of meaningful luxury, design and culture between the marque and its commissioning client. The results become pivotal moments in time that create a future historical legacy, advancing designs which in turn define an era, extending influence far beyond the original intended purpose of a mere means of transportation.
Rolls-Royce Coachbuild is contemporary patronage in its truest form.
The discipline inherent in Rolls-Royce's approach to coachbuilding requires elite artistic skills that do not exist elsewhere in the automotive industry. Commissioning clients demand an object that is truly transformative; an object that makes a permanent statement and sets itself apart from anything that has gone before.
In response, the marque must interrogate and deeply understand two worlds. The first is the intimately personal context of the client – their individual life-space, how they celebrate, what and who they surround themselves with, and the experiences that have defined the very best moments in these exceptional people's lives. The second is the broader cultural context in which a Coachbuild car will exist. Here the marque explores the cultural nuances of the client, movements in architecture, couture, colour palettes, artistic tastes – even hospitality.
THE DAWN OF A MOVEMENT
In 2017, the celebrated Rolls-Royce Sweptail defined the dawn of the contemporary coachbuilding movement. It created a definitive moment that raised the awareness of a new watermark in luxury and automotive possibility, illustrating a new realm of exploitation owing to its hand-built nature. This remarkable product, which was instantly proclaimed as one of the finest intercontinental tourers in history, represented a major recalibration of possibility, and confirmed that the legacy of Rolls-Royce will be defined in collaboration with its clients.
Sweptail set a new waterline of potential and ignited a fascination among a rarefied cohort: collectors, patrons of the arts and commissioning clients of now-iconic architecture. A number of these women and men approached Rolls-Royce to discover if they too could collaborate on a unique commission, one that was even more profound – one that provided an elevated sense of curation. The marque agreed, signalling the genesis of a permanent contemporary Coachbuild department at the Home of Rolls-Royce.
Within this group, it emerged that three potential patrons shared a deep appreciation of contemporary nautical design. J-Class yachts were often referenced as points of inspiration, both for their purity of form and their requirement for hand craftsmanship at the highest level to will them into existence.
This client-led creative expression coincided with a long-held ambition of the design team at Rolls-Royce to create a contemporary expression of the Boat Tail typology, where coachbuilders would graft the hull forms of sailing boats onto the rolling chassis of a Rolls-Royce. When the idea of this design direction was proposed, the three patrons were unequivocal in their approval. And all three shared a single demand: "Show me something that I have never seen before."
In consultation with the clients concerned, an agreement was reached whereby three cars would share a common body, but each would then be individually, highly personalised, reflecting the confluence between vision, capability and ambition of the marque and each of the individual commissioning patrons.
Rolls-Royce Boat Tail was conceived.
THE TRANSFERENCE OF SOUL
The manual techniques of coachbuilding offer new realms of design opportunity. Once the preliminary design proposal is penned by hand, the discovery of the form is enabled with a full-sized sculpture in clay, allowing hand-crafted manipulation of the expansive surfaces to perfect its shape. Throughout this process, the clients were invited to envisage the scope of the collaboration and influence its direction. Cutting-edge engineering technologies within Rolls-Royce are fused with the artistic practice of coachbuilding to exploit new possibilities. The clay sculpture is digitally remastered, from which the buck, is created on to which aluminium sheets are hammer-formed by hand.
Employing age-old individual hand skills and craft, a living canvas is created from metal –honing and optimising the aluminium body, creating a clarity of surface and continuation of line that is unable to be achieved by machine alone.
The process is akin to yacht building, easing the transference of soul into the creation. A process of hand refinement is repeated almost endlessly, without the pressure of time. Slowly, vast sheets of metal transform into the sculptural representation of Boat Tail. A truly pure form is created: uninterrupted by panel breaks, dramatic in its curvature, monolithic in scale and formed from one seemingly endless surface.
The first Rolls-Royce Boat Tail, unveiled today, is a curation of exceptional thoughts, concepts and items, which culminate to form the clients' perfect experience. The commissioning patrons, a globally successful couple who are highly proficient in the appointment of Rolls-Royces, truly personify connoisseurship; their luxury curation is an artform in itself. Their proposition was purposefully self-indulgent. Their desire was to create a response to a life of hard work, success achieved, and celebration required. Their Rolls-Royce Boat Tail should be joyful, a celebratory car to enjoy with their family.
Together, with the marque's designers, they embarked on an intellectual journey, founded on a long-standing and creative relationship with the brand. Indeed, the clients' fascination of the Boat Tail form was furthered by a motor car in their private collection; a 1932 Rolls-Royce Boat Tail, lovingly restored, by them, in time for their modern Boat Tail's completion.
Rolls-Royce Boat Tail presents a wonderful new aesthetic for the marque, balancing previously unseen levels of sculpture with discrete, sometimes playful functionality. The creation tells the romantic tale of Rolls-Royce's history, echoing a Boat Tail design but not explicitly mimicking it, fusing an historical body type with a thoroughly contemporary design.
At nearly 5.8m long, its generosity of proportion and clarity of surface present a graceful and relaxed stance. The front profile is centred on a new treatment of Rolls-Royce's iconic pantheon grille and lights. The grille becomes an integral part of the front end, not an applique; a freedom of design bestowed only upon models within the Coachbuild portfolio. This progressive treatment softens Rolls-Royce's familiar formality while retaining the marque's undeniable presence. A strong horizontal graphic with deep-set daytime running lights forms Boat Tail's intense brow line and frames classical round headlamps, a design feature recalled from the design archives of Rolls-Royce.
In profile, nautical references are very suggestive. The wrap-around windscreen recalls the visor on motor launches, while the gentle rearward lean of the A-pillar, the large, crisp volumes at the front and the tapered rear create a gesture that recalls a motor launch rising out of water under power. A progressive negative sculpture in the lower bodyside creates a lithe impression, while making an historical reference to the running boards of prominent heritage Rolls-Royce designs.
Viewed from dead rear, the body resolves in a gentle sharpening of the form. As with the front, a horizontal emphasis is established at the rear with wide, deep-set lamps – a break from the expected vertical Rolls-Royce lamp iconography.
Indeed, it is at the rear where the nautical references become more apparent. The aft deck, a modern interpretation of the wooden rear decks of historical Boat Tails, incorporates large swathes of wood. Caleidolegno veneer is applied in a feat of Rolls-Royce engineering; the grey and black material which is typically housed in the interior, has been specially adapted to be used on the exterior, with no compromise to the aesthetic.
The open pore material features a linear wood grain which is visually elongated by brushed stainless steel pinstripe inlays, serving as an optical nod to the typical wooden construction of yachts – both old and new. The honed skills of Rolls-Royce's wood specialists have manipulated and book-matched the grain so as to contract with the geometry of the car. The veneer treatment extends to the lower transom area resolving the taper and overall volume astern. This bold truncation is a subtle reference to the hull lines of classic Boat Tail bodies.
From the rear, one perceives a strong graphical composition marked by further horizontal emphasis, accentuating Boat Tail's great width. Deep-set lamps establish a dramatically low reference point, evoking the dipped stern and proud bow of a motor launch under power and on plane.
An explicit architectural influence is discovered in Boat Tail's unconventional fixed-canopy roof. Adding to the sculptural form, the sweeping roofline concludes in delicate structural elements that touch down on the rear, redolent of flying buttresses. Of course, if inclement weather is encountered while the roof is removed, a temporary tonneau is stowed for static transitory shelter.
A MUSE IN BLUE
The exterior of Rolls-Royce Boat Tail is swathed in a rich and complex tone of the client's favourite colour – blue. The hue, with an overt nautical connotation, is subtle when in shadows but in sunlight, embedded metallic and crystal flakes bring a vibrant and energetic aura to the finish. To ensure the smoothest possible application when rendering the exterior, a finger was run over the definitive body line before the paint had fully dried to soften its edges. The wheels are finished in bright blue, highly polished and clear coated to add to Boat Tail's celebratory character.
A hand-painted, gradated bonnet, a first for Rolls-Royce, rises from a comparatively subdued deeper blue which cascades onto the grille, providing a progressive but informal aesthetic and a solidity of overall volume when viewed from the front.
The interior leather reflects the bonnet's colour tone transition with the front seats swathed in the darker blue hue, recognising Boat Tail's driver focused intent, while the rear seats are finished in the lighter tone. A soft metallic sheen is applied to the leather to accentuate its pairing with the painted exterior while detailed stitching and piping is applied in a more intense blue inspired by the hands of the car's timepieces. A brilliant blue is also found woven at a 55 degree angle into the technical fibre elements to be seen on the lower bodywork, precisely orientated to emulate the spill of a water's wake.
The fascia is distilled in its appearance, purposefully reduced to provide a modern aesthetic. This minimalist canvas accentuates the jewel like features of the completely unique BOVET 1822 timepieces specifically commissioned by the client for Boat Tail (see below). Collecting pens is another of the clients' great passions. A particularly cherished Montblanc pen will reside in a discretely placed, hand-crafted, case of aluminium and leather, in Boat Tail's glove box.
The instrument panel dials are adorned with a decorative technique named Guilloché, more commonly perfected in the workshops of fine jewellers and watchmakers. An elegant, thin rimmed two-tone steering wheel then bears the colours of the commission.
The tactility of the open pore Caleidolegno is brought into the cabin. Anthracite in colour, the veneer brings modern strength and depth to offset the softness of the light blue and metallic sheen. The wood is applied to the lower cabin and floor area, reminiscent of wooden hull forms, again, at 55 degrees, perfectly book matched on centre line providing a uniform appearance when viewed from either side.
A SENSE OF OCCASION
"This car should mark a sense of occasion and serve that occasion like nothing else".
Such was the brief of Rolls-Royce Boat Tail's commissioning patrons. In response and in reflection of their character, the rear deck inconspicuously houses a highly ambitious concept never seen before in the automotive world. At the press of a button, the deck opens in a sweeping butterfly gesture, to reveal an intricate and generous hosting suite. Its complex movement was inspired by cantilever concepts explored by renowned architect Santiago Calatrava.
The hosting suite creates a celebratory focal point for a shared occasion and affords ample opportunity to reveal the individuality of the clients' tastes and desires. It harbours an abundance of surprises executed to the highest quality. Expressed in a celebratory fashion, subverting the very notion of the motor car, the hosting suite surprises and delights all who come to experience it.
Hinged towards the centre line, the synchronised balletic opening movement reveals a treasure chest of moving parts that offer themselves to the host at a precise angle of 15 degrees. This subtle gesture of presentation reflects a genteel and quintessentially British expression of service.
The chest is appointed with the perfect accoutrements for a true Rolls-Royce al fresco dining experience; one side dedicated to aperitifs, the other, cuisine, complete with cutlery engraved with the name 'Boat Tail', made by Christofle in Paris.
A double refrigerator has been developed to house the clients' favourite vintages of Armand de Brignac champagne. Elegant cradles were created to stow the specific bottle size within the refrigerator, the surrounds are highly polished and colour matched to the bottle.
While champagne is a familiar trope in the luxury world, Boat Tail's client had a particular affinity with fine wine. The husband of this couple recalled a story from his humble beginnings. A great friend of his was a sommelier in his hometown and educated him in the taste profiles of various Grandes Marques de Champagne. This became a life-long education that turned into one of the most informed collections of rare Grand Cru champagnes in the world. The requirement for this knowledge and passion to be shared through the client's Boat Tail was paramount – as was the need for this champagne to be rapid-cooled to precisely six degrees – the optimum serving temperature of the preferred vintage.
A classic design element of contemporary Rolls-Royce motor cars is the stowage of Rolls-Royce umbrellas in the doors, in anticipation of possible poor weather. In a delightful twist and to heighten the languid experience of Boat Tail, a unique parasol is housed beneath the rear centre line in anticipation of fine weather. A telescopic movement opens this beautiful and whimsical canopy inversely, ensuring effortless deployment.
Cocktail tables, which elegantly rotate to mimic the offering of an attendant, open on either side of the hosting suite providing access to two highly contemporary minimalist stools, which are discretely stowed below. Designed by Rolls-Royce and created by Italian furniture maker Promemoria, the slim-line interlocking stools are formed from the same technical fibre found on the exterior of the car. The interior blue Rolls-Royce leather provides the stools' suitably comfortable seating materials.
TIMELESS PASSION – A COLLABORATION WITH BOVET 1822
In a move that further demonstrates the clients' visionary approach to contemporary patronage, two great luxury Houses with a common pursuit of perfection have been brought together at the clients' behest. World-class craftspeople from the House of BOVET 1822, which was founded on the philosophy of ingenuity and engineering, were called upon to work hand-in-hand with Rolls-Royce's own masters in their field.
The mechanically minded clients sought to break new ground in horology. As esteemed and passionate collectors of both the Swiss-based House of BOVET and Rolls-Royce, their vision was to create exquisite, ground-breaking timepieces for their Boat Tail. In an act of tireless endeavour and genuine collaboration, the Houses have come together to re-imagine Rolls-Royce's iconic centrepiece, the dashboard clock.
The result is an accomplishment never before realised in either industry. Two fine reversable timepieces, one for the lady and one for the gentleman, have been designed to be worn on the wrist, or, placed front and centre within Boat Tail's fascia as the motor car's clock.
The two-sided timepieces required Rolls-Royce and BOVET 1822 to work side by side over the course of three years to develop a ground-up remastering of the Amadeo convertible system, the most complex undertaken to date. The result is a true reflection of BOVET's mastery, allowing for the bespoke tourbillon timepieces' inclusion in the motor car.
Pascal Raffy, owner, BOVET 1822, commented, "I am so proud of the BOVET 1822 team, who worked in tandem with the elite design team at Rolls-Royce to produce something spectacular. These two pieces, and the mounting system, are completely unique and unlike anything we have ever done before."
The story behind the creation of these remarkable works of art, and a detailed exploration of their mechanisms, together with information on the precious materials, unique micro-sculptures and the vast complexity of the watch carrier will be shared via a press release on 8 June, 2021 at 1pm BST.
AN ENGINEERING MARVEL
To fulfil the clients' extraordinary ambitions, significant engineering challenges were overcome in the development of Rolls-Royce Boat Tail. Indeed, 1813 completely new parts were created specifically for the cars. Time, patience, dedication and passion were the project's hallmarks. To complete the preliminary engineering phase, prior to the commencement of production, a total of over 20 collective years were expended.
While designs were being finalised with the clients, the marque's body-in-white, with its scalable aluminium spaceframe architecture, was completely reconfigured to support Boat Tail's generous proportions, a process that took eight months in itself. As ever, the 15-speaker Bespoke Rolls-Royce Audio System was intended from the motor car's inception, but the spaceframe architecture was exploited differently. Rolls-Royce's existing product portfolio use a specially designed sill section of the architecture as the resonance chambers for the sound system's bass speakers. In Boat Tail, the entire floor structure is utilised, creating an exceptional audio experience for the client.
To support the complex requirements of the hosting suite to the rear of Boat Tail, a unique electronic treatment was required. Five electronic control units (ECUs) were created for the rear of the car alone – a process that required a completely redesigned, dedicated wiring harness, which was the product of nine months of intensive research and development. Only then was it possible for the aft deck lids to open to an appropriate 67-degree angle, incorporate a highly secure locking mechanism and integrate a total climate control system to the rear hosting suite to preserve any cuisine stowed on board.
Indeed, the inside temperature of the hosting suite was a specific consideration. Boat Tail was created in anticipation of fair weather, so measures needed to be taken to ensure that heat absorption did not adversely affect the contents of the suite, which could include food, liquids and of course champagne. To that end, two fans are mounted in the lower section of the hosting suite to dissipate heat. To confirm this and to ensure that Boat Tail's hosting suite will acquit itself in all climates, it has been rigorously and successfully tested to 80 degrees Celsius and -20 degrees Celsius.
As Boat Tail is a fully homologated, road-legal motor car that was created to be driven, it was only fully released by the marque once it had undergone the same rigorous dynamic testing as all other Rolls-Royces, including high speed analysis to ensure the contents of the rear hosting suite are sufficiently fastened and therefore silent under power. Indeed, each client has stipulated that they wish to drive their Boat Tail immediately upon receipt.
Torsten Müller-Ötvös, concluded, "Boat Tail is the culmination of collaboration, ambition, endeavour, and time. It was born from a desire to celebrate success and create a lasting legacy. In its remarkable realisation, Rolls-Royce Boat Tail forges a pivotal moment in our marque's history and in the contemporary luxury landscape."
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Looking to Grow Your Sales?
If you are like most local business owners, you are looking to grow your sales. This is why it is a very common topic throughout the podcast. Here is an archive of past episode where we address how to grow your sales.
I'm a DumDum! Are You?


The Folds of Honor Foundation provides post-secondary educational scholarships for children and spouses of military service men and women killed or disabled while serving our country. To date, more than 1,300 scholarships have been awarded by the Folds of Honor Foundation.Big Canoe Golf invites you to make a donation of $1 or more to benefit the Folds of Honor Foundation. In addition, if you use an American Express Card, American Express will match the donation.


Rising concern over the increasing threat of nuclear war impelled the 2017 United Nations (UN) negotiations and adoption by 122 UN member states of a Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. The Treaty seeks to ban nuclear weapons globally in the same way chemical and biological weapons have already been prohibited. This book provides the first in-depth comprehensive analysis of the implications and possibilities of the new treaty, drawing on the insights of international relations, international laws, and disarmament experts and specialists from Europe, America, the Asia-Pacific, and the UN. In a context where existing nuclear weapon states have so far declined to be party to the new treaty, the book examines not only its emergence and significance but also the prospects and possibilities for its implementation, the challenges associated with verifying the new agreement, the role of both civil society and governments, and the treaty's wider implications in addressing regional and global nuclear threats.
This book was originally published as a special issue of Global Change, Peace & Security but additionally includes the special section articles on the treaty in the Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament.
Joseph A. Camilleri Order of Australia Medal (OAM) is Emeritus Professor at La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia and a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia, Canberra. He was the Founding Director of the Centre for Dialogue at La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (2006-2012). He has authored some 20 books and over 100 book chapters and journal articles. His research has centred on security and peace studies, governance, international political economy, religion and culture, and the Asia-Pacific region. He is the Founder and Executive Director of Alexandria Agenda, Melbourne, Australia - a new venture in ethical consulting specialising in governance, diversity, and education.
Michael Hamel-Green is an Emeritus Professor and former Dean in the College of Arts and Education at Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. His research has focused on regional nuclear-weapon-free-zones, nuclear non-proliferation, and multilateral negotiations. He is a Co-Chair of the Panel on Peace and Security in Northeast Asia at Nagasaki University's Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition (RECNA), Japan; Chairperson of the Editorial Board of Global Change, Peace & Security;and Board Chairperson of the Australian Living Peace Museum, Australia.
Fumihiko Yoshida is a Professor and Vice Director of the RECNA at Nagasaki University, Japan. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament. He was Deputy Director of the Editorial Board of the Asahi Shimbun, Tokyo, Japan. He served as a member of the Advisory Panel of Experts on Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation for Japan's Minister of Foreign Affairs, Tokyo, Japan. He has a PhD in International Public Policy from Osaka University, Japan (2007).


Newly promoted Championship side Bristol City have signed striker Jonathan Kodjia for a fee of about £2m from French side Angers SCO.
Kodjia, 25, scored 15 goals in 29 games in Ligue 2 last season, helping the club to promotion to the top flight.
The Frenchman collected last term's Ligue 2 Player of the Year award.
"Jonathan has great pace, has scored some fantastic goals, and will fit into the young group we already have," said manager Steve Cotterill.
Kodjia has signed a three-year deal with the option of a further 12 months.


text:
Q: "uninitialized class variable @@columns_cache" error during migration So i'm having migration to remove unnecessary columns
[:table_name_1, :table_name_2, :table_name_3, :table_name_4].each do |tables|
  remove_column tables, :column_name_here
end

When i'm using
rake db:migrate --trace

I'm getting something like this
 ==  RemoveColumntsFromDB: migrating ========================================
    -- remove_column(:table_name_1, :column_name_here)
    rake aborted!
    An error has occurred, all later migrations canceled:

    uninitialized class variable @@columns_cache in ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-oracle_enhanced-adapter-1.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/oracle_enhanced_adapter.rb:936:in `clear_table_columns_cache'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-oracle_enhanced-adapter-1.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/oracle_enhanced_adapter.rb:1143:in `remove_column'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.2/lib/active_record/migration.rb:352:in `send'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.2/lib/active_record/migration.rb:352:in `method_missing'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.2/lib/active_record/migration.rb:328:in `say_with_time'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/1.8/benchmark.rb:293:in `measure'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.2/lib/active_record/migration.rb:328:in `say_with_time'
    C:/Ruby/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.2/lib/active_record/migration.rb:348:in `method_missing'

Does any have idea why?

A: That was an issue with database.
It was used for sessions instead of the cookie-based default because highly confidential information.
So rake db:sessions:create fixed it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Dario Marianelli is an Italian composer of film and concert music. Born in Pisa, he started piano studies and began singing as a chorister at age 6. When his voice broke, he devoted himself to playing piano and composing. He studied privately and took exams as an external student in nearby Florence, Lucca, and Livorno, and also studied counterpoint before moving to England. There, he studied at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, and spent three additional years studying at the National Film and Television School. His film career extends back to 1994 with his score for Paddy Breathnach's movie, Ailsa. Over the course of two decades, he composed music for such films as The Brothers Grimm; V for Vendetta; Agora; Eat, Pray, Love; Jane Eyre; Salmon Fishing in the Yemen; and Quartet, as well as many others. He has achieved recognition for his work with filmmaker Joe Wright, providing scores to the films Pride and Prejudice, Atonement, The Soloist, and Anna Karenina. Among his honors, Marianelli has won the Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award, the Phoenix Film Critics Society Award, and the World Soundtrack Award.


If anyone out there is still reading my blog... Sorry I have been so completely, horribly MIA lately. I started working on getting my MBA this spring, and it is taking up a lot of free time that used to be spent blogging. But don't worry, while education IS important, it is not as important as food. I mean, food is a necessity. You NEED it to live. You don't need Operations Management 624 to live.
So, here is a delightful springtime recipe for you made with FRESH tomatoes. (How excited are we that there are fresh fruits and vegetables again?!) This appetizer is perfect outdoor shenanigans and eating in a hammock among friends and family, as long as you are not as messy as I am and spill the tomato sauce down your white shirt.
Quarter the tomatoes and remove as much of the seeds and liquid as possible. Place in the bowl of a food processor with the garlic, 1 tablespoon olive oil, and salt and pepper to taste. Process until everything is a consistently smooth consistency. Let rest for 30 minutes, draining the excess liquid as necessary.
Preheat a grill to medium-high heat (we used a charcoal grill which gave the bread a nice smoky flavor).
Brush olive oil on both sides of each piece of bread. Grill the bread for about 5 minutes on each side. Top with some of the tomato mixture and a slice of Prosciutto. Serve immediately.


President Trump is forcing the nation's taxpayers to subsidize his reckless tariffs with a $12 billion giveaway to farmers. Even though Trump's punishing tariffs are a huge mistake, one could argue that farmers alone shouldn't bare the resulting economic pain Trump inflicted upon them.
Protecting and preserving small family farms has always been an important goal of Democrats. That's why revelations that the bulk of the Trump bailout is benefiting rich individuals, wealthy investors, large corporations, and farm-estate heirs rather than small farmers is simply unacceptable.
According to the Environmental Working Group, in the first round of bailout payments made at the end of October, 68% of the checks went to the top 10% of farm households. Perhaps more concerning, 1,000 of the current recipients didn't even live on a farm. They are distant big city residents who never drive a tractor and are often absentee farm owners.
Forcing American taxpayers to subsidize billionaires is nothing new. Small farms make up 90 percent of all farms, yet in 2016 they only received 27 percent of the commodity payments. They only received 17 percent of crop-insurance protection payments. Since 1995, nearly 75 percent of all farm payments have gone to the richest and largest 10 percent. Farm programs shouldn't be manipulated to transfer taxpayer money to make millionaires and billionaires richer. Trump's current farm bailout is a continuation of this travesty.
In 2017, over 20,000 (faux farmers) residents living in some of America's largest cities received farm payments. They are individuals such as billionaire Glen Taylor, who owns farmland in Northwest Iowa. Glen Taylor is the owner of the NBA Minnesota Timberwolves, WNBA Lynx, the Star Tribune newspaper in Minneapolis and numerous other businesses. Taylor received $116,500 in farm subsidies in 2017. Does anyone really think Taylor should qualify as a working farmer?
Trump has the discretion to limit maximum payments to $125,000 as the USDA originally set out in the bailout announcement. However, neither a maximum limit or a means test has been enforced.
In this first round of bailout payments made in October, 85 recipients (3 in Iowa) exceeded the $125,000 maximum. The largest single farm conglomerate in Louisiana received $439,000. How can anyone justify a single farm owner receiving nearly half a million dollars in taxpayer money? The top 10 recipients (farmers) received nearly $3.5 million in bailout money.
The current means test is supposed to prohibit payments to any one farm household with adjusted gross income above $900,000 per year ($1.5 million for a married couple). It certainly appears this is being ignored.
The second round of payments will be made in December and will total $4.7 billion. Many of these same wealthy non-farmer recipients may receive additional funds in the next payout.
Trump's tariffs have severely damaged the nation's agricultural sector by punishing our best customers and destroying free market trade. The prices farmers receive for their corn, soybean, hogs and other commodities have tanked as Trump's tariffs have punished our worldwide customers. Add the inequality in the bailout payments and Trump has damaged Iowa and the nation's agricultural sector for years to come.
Why are Senator Ernst and Grassley MIA and silent as Trump raids the U.S. treasury to reward the richest farmers-in-name-only? Why are they allowing money designated to help struggling small and medium farmers to go to the richest farm entities?
Senator Grassley is a farm owner and has said he plans to accept his bailout payment. "This is something you get because you are a farmer — equal treatment for everybody," Grassley said.
Golly gee ! Surprise, surprise . This is one of those things democrats in rural Iowa when running in the November election should have been loudly and repetitively screaming about, and still screaming about . But now with the elections passed not a word except in this article . They should be following Trumps lead and never let it die, just keep the mantra alive and it will convince !!!!!!
Grassley (and you) has it wrong. It was not intended to treat everybody equally. It is intended to treat every bushel of beans equally. Since some farms grow hundreds of thousands of bushels of beans while other farms grow far fewer beans, of course, the subsidies go where the beans are. After all, who suffered the most from the tariffs? The farms with the most beans to sell.
If the goal is to support every small farm, we need an entirely different farm bill. If the goal is to ameliorate the tariff damage, supporting farmers who raise sheep or plant carrots would not be very effective.
You are trying to compare "Soybeans" and "Farmers"?? This is not the place to talk about "Large Farmers" and "Small Farmers". You are about 50 years to to late to address that problem!!!!!! You might be able to talk about "Rural Communities" and "Urban Communities" but this type of "Trump Bailout" program is not intended to distribute wealth, but to "Buy Votes"!!!!
Jerry's comment is absolutely correct. The payment is tied to soybean production, so of course a larger farmer will receive more than a smaller farmer. That's how the farm program has always worked. Same concept applies to tax cuts, as higher earners will always receive greater benefit than lower income individuals. It's simple math.
I wish the bailout money would at least be withheld from the idiots who still fall-till their soybean fields even though the USDA has pointed out for more than thirty years that fall tillage after soybeans makes no economic sense. And it is certainly bad for soil and water.
Lyle makes a good point. And it's also time to retire that now-meaningless term, "family farm." When the "family farm" consists of five adult siblings, and two of them are building and operating hoglots that are carefully sized to avoid regulation, while the other three are farming several thousand acres of rowcrops and doing no conservation except the bare minimum required to get those generous crop-insurance subsidies, the term "family farm" is essentially dead.
originally farmers were set to get $1.60 per bushel on soybeans .. and 1 penny per bushel on corn .. now they are only going to pay half that .. anyone who owns ground but rents it to farmers – the farmer gets the subsidy payment – NOT the land owner .. Pre tarriff beans were 9.50 to 10$ a bushel – now $8 to $8.50 bushel … .80 cents a bushel does not make up a 2 dollar loss in price …. stop picking on farmers – they work for low wages -and they can not regulate commodity prices themselves ..


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1,075-Year-Old Pine Named 'Adonis' Is Europe's Oldest-Known Living Tree
A Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii) growing in the highlands of northern Greece has been dendrocronologically dated to be more than 1,075 years old, living since the time of the Vikings, according to a team of scientists from Stockholm University (Sweden), the University of Mainz (Germany) and the University of Arizona (USA). This makes it the oldest-known living tree in Europe. Dendochronology is the science of dating through analysis of tree rings.
"It is quite remarkable that this large, complex and impressive organism has survived so long in such an inhospitable environment, in a land that has been civilized for over 3,000 years," says Swedish dendrochronologist, Paul J. Krusic, leader of the expedition that found the tree. It is one of more than a dozen individuals of millennial age living in a treeline forest in the Pindos mountains.
"Many years ago I read a thesis about this very interesting forest in Greece. In our research, we try to build long chronologies to construct climate histories, so finding living trees of old age is one of our motivations. To age the tree, we needed to take a core of wood, from the outside to the center. The core is one meter and has 1075 annual rings" Krusic says in a news release issued this week by the University of Stockholm.
The scientists hope the annual variations of the tree rings from trees like this and those fallen in centuries past, yet still preserved on the ground, will provide an informative history of climatic and environmental conditions, going back thousands of years, the news release added.
Why the Tree is Named Adonis
Considering where the tree was found, and its venerable age, the scientists have named this individual 'Adonis' after the Greek god of beauty and desire," the university statement explained.
"I am impressed, in the context of western civilization, all the human history that has surrounded this tree; all the empires, the Byzantine, the Ottoman, all the people living in this region. So many things could have led to its demise. Fortunately, this forest has been basically untouched for over a thousand years" says Krusic.
The millennium-old trees were discovered during research expeditions conducted by the Navarino Environmental Observatory (NEO), a cooperation between Stockholm University, the Academy of Athens and TEMES S.A. The observatory studies climate change and its impact on environment and humans in the Mediterranean.
Milestones in the Life of Adonis
941 – Adonis is a seedling: The Byzantine Empire is at its peak. From the North, the Vikings reach the Black Sea.
1041 – Adonis is a 100 years old: In China, a book is published describing gunpowder. A man called Macbeth is crowned King of Scotland.
1191 – Adonis is 250 years old: The universities of Oxford and Paris are founded. The third crusade battles Saladin in the Holy Land.
1441 – Adonis is 500 years old: The Ottoman empire conquers Greece. Many Greek scholars flee to the west, influencing the Renaissance. In Sweden, the first parliament is held in Arboga. Johannes Gutenberg is about to test his first printing press.
1691 – Adonis is 750 years old: Isaac Newton has formulated his Laws on Motion. Ice cream, tea and coffee are introduced in Europe.
1941 – Adonis is a millennium old: World War II is ravaging the world. Greece is occupied by Nazi Germany, Italy and Bulgaria.
This post was based on the University of of Stockholm news statement.
David Braun is director of outreach with the digital and social media team illuminating the National Geographic Society's explorer, science, and education programs.
He edits National Geographic Voices, hosting a global discussion on issues resonating with the Society's mission and major initiatives. Contributors include grantees and Society partners, as well as universities, foundations, interest groups, and individuals dedicated to a sustainable world. More than 50,000 readers have participated in 10,000 conversations.
Braun also directs the Society side of the Fulbright-National Geographic Digital Storytelling Fellowship.
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In Changing Planet
Tags David Maxwell Braun
More than forty years in U.S., UK, and South African media gives David Max Braun global perspective and experience across multiple storytelling platforms. His coverage of science, nature, politics, and technology has been published/broadcast by the BBC, CNN, NPR, AP, UPI, National Geographic, TechWeb, De Telegraaf, Travel World, and Argus South African Newspapers. He has published two books and won several journalism awards. In his 22-year career at National Geographic he was VP and editor in chief of National Geographic Digital Media, and the founding editor of the National Geographic Society blog, hosting a global discussion on issues resonating with the Society's mission and initiatives. He also directed the Society side of the Fulbright-National Geographic Digital Storytelling Fellowship, awarded to Americans seeking the opportunity to spend nine months abroad, engaging local communities and sharing stories from the field with a global audience. A regular expert on National Geographic Expeditions, David also lectures on storytelling for impact. He has 120,000 followers on social media: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn
Stanford scientists combine satellite data and machine learning to map poverty
Young Micronesians Explore Nan Madol: A New UNESCO World Heritage Site Located In Their Backyard.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"The National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria" also directs the FDA to make meat producers get a veterinarian's okay in order to buy the drugs for other reasons in animals.
The new report gives the agency a year to set final changes to the labels of "medically important" antibiotics sold for animals being raised for food. The changes will make it illegal to sell these antibiotics without a vet's prescription.
In an interview with WebMD, President Barack Obama called antibiotic resistance a pressing public health issue that is vital to our national security.
"They [antibiotics] save the lives of service members wounded in battle. They prevent infections in one community from spreading far and wide. They're also a critical defense against bio-terrorism. They are, quite simply, essential to the health of our people and people everywhere," he said.
He called on Congress to help fund the plan, but said the administration would act where it could to implement parts of it on its own. The plan will nearly double the amount of money spent on fighting antibiotic resistance to more than $1.2 billion.
"We can better protect our children and grandchildren from the reemergence of diseases and infections that the world conquered decades ago," Obama said.
Earlier this month, McDonald's announced it would stop using chickens raised with antibiotics within the next 2 years.
"These are very important antibiotics to preserve for human medicine, but they're being squandered by excess use on the farm," says Caroline Smith DeWaal, director of Food Safety at CSPI.
"This is certainly an important new document, but the real proof will be when the administration releases meaningful policy changes that address the meaningful overuse of antibiotics on the farm," she says.
The administration says it aims to slash the number of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant "superbug" bacteria by the year 2020 -- including a 50% decrease in the number of new cases of Clostridium difficile, or C. diff., and a 60% drop in the number of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, or CRE. CRE was the germ that sickened and killed patients at two California hospitals earlier this year, when they contaminated hard-to-clean surgical instruments.
The plan calls for closer tracking of where and when antibiotics are being used.
"Ideally, we'd be able to see in real-time where the cases of drug resistance are being reported, so we can take swift action," Obama said. "The same goes for rates of antibiotic use. If we can see where these drugs are being over-prescribed, we can target our interventions where they're needed most."
SOURCES: The White House: "National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria."Caroline Smith DeWaal, director of Food Safety, Center for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, D.C.


eSports game developer Valve Corporation says it will no longer permit third-party gambling sites to make use of its Steam marketplace.
That last part is true, but real-world currency does flow into the system, and Valve takes a cut of the sales of virtual items sold via Steam, making it an important contributor to Valve's bottom line.
Valve was hit with a class action lawsuit last month by a player who accused the company of facilitating the growth of "illegal internet gambling enterprises" such as skin betting sites, in which players bet on the outcome of eSports matches using virtual in-game goods as currency.
Other sites take skin betting to its logical conclusion, allowing players to gamble real money on the random content of skin 'loot crates'. One of these sites, CS:GO Lotto, was recently embroiled in scandal after it was revealed that two popular eSports players who shilled for the site in YouTube videos actually owned CS:GO Lotto. The pair have since been added to the class action lawsuit against Valve.
There are obvious parallels between Valve's situation and daily fantasy sports operators. Both were happily reaping the benefits – albeit indirectly, in Valve's case – of a gambling activity of questionable legality until a scandal broke. It remains to be seen whether Valve's attempt at damage control will offer it any protection from opportunistic politicians, who are probably cranking up their outrage machines as we speak.


touches of sense...: Goodbye Kafka.
I drove my girls to school this morning.
We looked up at the Puy de Dome, it was covered with snow, there was a pink glint on its whiteness from the rising sun.
We were together gazing up at its beauty. We laughed, I don't remember why.
I can fully understand how mountains are considered sacred places.
I can fully understand how words, numbers, pictures can be considered as a trap.
We talk of technology, I would say that language is a technology.
We don't need smartphones to distance ourselves from reality.
Yes, that's right the word is not the thing.
I am happy to escape from the spreadsheet experiment, that I have been playing with here.
Terry has been playing too, with explain everything. I loved the colour, the movement.
On reflection there was something about all this cell formating lark which made me feel claustrophobic.
I found the result, paranoia inducing, dark.
I have had enough black and white for a while.
I have had enough of cells, of breaking things down to their bones.
I think I am fed up with keyboards, glass screens.
I need texture, grass, wind, sunshine, laughter.
I don't need to talk of connection. I don't need a box, a page, a pen.
Kafka is not good company, he gets under your skin, he gives me the creeps.
Some days, we need a view from the top of the mountain, too.


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HomeGuides
Service Provider Router and Switch Market on Track to Hit $20.2 Billion
By Sean Michael Kerner
Global demand for networking gear is still growing, at least in terms of demand for routers and switches from service providers.
According to Infonetics Research 3Q13 Service Provider Routers and Switches report, the market for iP edge and core routers and carrier Ethernet switches grew by seven percent on a year-over-year basis, with revenue now totalling $3.6 billion for the quarter.
"All three main IP router/switch categories – edge routers, core routers, and carrier Ethernet switches (CES) – are up from a year ago," Michael Howard, principal analyst for carrier networks and co-founder of Infonetics Research said in a statement.
The top vendor in the space is Cisco, followed by Alcatel-Lucent in second and Juniper holding down the third spot in terms of global revenues.
For the 2012-2017 time period, Infonetics is now forecasting a Compound Annual Grow Rate (CAGR) of seven percent, which will bring revenues up to $20.2 billion by 2017.
Infonetics also recently published preliminary data from its 3rd quarter 2013 (3Q13) Data Center Network Equipment report, sizing the Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and WAN Optimization markets.
According to Infonetics, global revenues for the ADC market reached $435 million during 3Q13. In terms of vendors, F5 remains the top vendor by revenue, followed by Citrix in the number two spot. A key driver for ADC growth are virtual appliances.
"We believe that virtual solutions will continue to move the application delivery controller (ADC) market forward, and while the shift to virtual products might brake top line revenue growth in the short term due to lower ASPs versus their hardware-based counterparts, it's likely to be margin neutral," Cliff Grossner, Infonetics Research's directing analyst for data center and cloud, said in a statement.
The WAN optimization business isn't doing as well as the ADC market, according to Infonetics' analysis. WAN optimization revenues reached $210 million in the 3Q13 which is a nine percent year-over-year decline. Riverbed leads the WAN optimization market, followed by Cisco and Blue Coat.
Sean Michael Kerner is a senior editor at Enterprise Networking Planet and InternetNews.com. Follow him on Twitter @TechJournalist
Sean Michael Kerner
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The icing on the cake for Ndigbo was the election of Emeka Ihedioha of Imo State, which clearly showed that Ndigbo are resolved to start redressing the wrongs of the last few years from inside Igboland.
Igbo leaders have restated their commitment to restructuring, stating that Nigeria will continue to "feel the weight of Igbo votes", until the agenda to restructure the country becomes a reality.
This was disclosed at a meeting of Igbo leaders and Chief Nnia Nwodo, President General of Ohanaeze Ndigbo, in Enugu State, on Sunday.
They commended their people for active participation during the elections, as well as the efforts of Nwodo to lead the organisation.
Senator Ben Obi, who led the delegation, was accompanied by former Governors Achike Udenwa and Okwesilieze Nwodo, Senator Azu Agboti, first chairman, Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC), Chief Onyema Ugochukwu, former Minister Dubem Onyia, and Professor Alphonsus Nwosu.
Speaking to journalists after the meeting, Nwosu said: "The delegation was proud that the principled stand of Ndigbo on restructuring was galvanised by Ohanaeze Ndigbo, under the very capable leadership of the President General and this resulted in the massive turnout of Ndigbo at the last general elections, not only in the South-East, but throughout Nigeria, and vowed to assist the president general to ensure that Nigeria shall continue to feel the weight of Igbo votes until restructuring is accomplished, and those who continued to ignore Igbo votes in Nigeria do so at their risk.
"The delegation pleaded with the President General to ignore the activities by a few Ndigbo, to sabotage the collective Igbo view since the Igbo votes strongly endorsed his position, but frowned seriously at the sell-out of Ohanaeze Ndigbo by the Secretary General of Ohanaeze Ndigbo and urged that he should be strongly sanctioned.
Commending the Igbo for turning out during the 2019 elections, he added: "The icing on the cake for Ndigbo was the election of Emeka Ihedioha of Imo State, which clearly showed that Ndigbo are resolved to start redressing the wrongs of the last few years from inside Igboland.
"It was clear that Ndigbo are not afraid and will not be afraid in Nigeria; whether in Owerri, Lagos, Kano, Abuja, Aba, Enugu, Warri or Asaba, to express their full citizenship rights and their dissatisfaction with the way they are being treated politically in Nigeria."


Please note the registration fee for 2019 is $200 and includes the playing jersey which the player will keep. Also included in this amount is the 2019 Polo Shirt, all fees and levies, trophy (U6-U12), yearbook and photo.
NEW IN 2019! Please note, there will be no team selection option in the registration process. Players will be allocated into teams by the Junior Office. Preference will be given to existing players remaining with teams from 2018.
Who can register to play for the Realway Junior Dolphins?
Children must have had their 5th birthday to register to play rugby league. We have teams in the U6-U18 age groups.
Both girls and boys are encouraged to register. Girls can play in mixed teams at the Dolphins up to and including U12. Following that they may register to play in a girls competition. The Dolphins does not currently have a team in this competition.
Visit the Play NRL website for more information.
Online registration for all players to play in 2019 will open on 1st November 2018. Please note that all registration is done online. There is no sign on day however there will be a meet and greet day on Sunday 10th February 2019.
Uniforms must be purchased from the Dolphins and will be available in early 2019. Shorts and socks can be selected and paid for during the registration process. Players can wear shorts and socks from 2018. Training t-shirt, training shorts and a cap are optional and can also be purchased during the online registration process.
U6 Players are not required to purchase shorts. These will be provided to each player by the NRL.
Mouthguards are not compulsory however are highly recommended. We recommend Redcliffe Smiles at Dolphins Central for custom fitted mouthguards. Members of the Redcliffe Leagues Club get 10% off out of pocket expenses at Redcliffe Smiles on presentation of their membership card (terms and conditions apply). Click here to join the Redcliffe Leagues Club.
Our Junior program provide kids with a safe and fun introduction to the game of rugby league.
Players are given the opportunity to reach their potential in a fun and safe environment with the support of the Dolphins Junior and Development programs.
Our players often develop friendships for life as they develop their game in our culture of teamwork and 'going a mile for your mate'.


Beautifully updated ranch in a quiet neighborhood setting! This 3 bedroom, 1 bath, single story ranch boasts newly painted exterior, ceilings, walls and trim, new flooring in cozy sunroom, updated bathroom complete with new vanity, sink, lighting and commode plus new carpeting in all bedrooms! All you have to do is add your own personal touch! Upon entering the front door and hanging your coat in the coat closet you step into the open, generously sized family room, there is a beautiful gas fireplace which can be enjoyed from the family room and dining area. From the dining room, the sunroom is to the left and sunny kitchen to the right, you can access the patio through the dining room sliding doors or the door in the kitchen making outdoor entertainment a breeze! The three bedrooms are down the hall and have deep generously sized closets. The private backyard has an oversized kloter farm shed, and fire pit. An additional room off the main family room could be used anyway seen fit, the former owner converted this space for his music room and baby grand piano, the options are endless! Don't miss this house!


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The Nostalgic Pull of Saul Bass
Posted by Chris Moore on Jun 19, 2019 10:38:15 AM
To start, I don't consider myself to be all that nostalgic. Maybe growing up in the Reagan-era 1980s had something to do with that. While I'm sure I'd get an argument from the younger members of the office, I don't feel much came out of the 1980s to be nostalgic about. The Cold War. Rampant conservatism. Atrocious music. This.
Advertising was on the verge of the personal computer revolution and felt cold and sterile. So I have to go even farther back to the work of graphic designer Saul Bass in order to find something that makes me long for an earlier time.
Branding the 1970s
While the height of Saul's corporate branding work was the late 1960s through to the early 1980s, you can still see the roots of his work today in logo designs for brands like Kleenex, Girl Scouts of America and AT&T.
His logos epitomize the 1970s:
When you see the logos for Continental Airlines, United Way or Warner Communications, nostalgia just pours from them like you're being pulled back in time. Yet even though most of Saul's logos have been replaced or heavily updated, a handful have stood the test of time and corporate turnover.
The Avery logo of 1975, for example, is amazingly untouched. And the Wienerschnitzel logo, while having a minor update in 2009, still has the feel and energy that Saul imparted back in 1978. The brand still uses the bright, '70s-era color scheme from the original logo, which I would say is an intentional nod at nostalgia from the current advertising firm—can't you just imagine eating a Wienerschnitzel hot dog in this?
"Imitation is the Sincerest Form of Flattery"
I believe even in this day that Saul's technique of visually simple, yet strong logo designs are what separate average logos from truly successful and identifiable brands. But Saul didn't just work to build corporate identities. His work designing movie posters and title sequences in the '50s and '60s is just as—if not more—influential on summing up the visual identity of an era than his logos of the '70s.
Movie posters for "Anatomy of a Murder" and "Vertigo" are iconic. His style of strong, solid blocks of color with a simple, striking illustration and hand-crafted typography exude the late '50s and still influences many graphic designers.
Saul Bass' now iconic poster for Hitchcock's Vertigo, designed in 1958.
Anatomy of a Murder poster, designed a year later in 1959.
I think I can safely use the Oscar Wilde quote here, "Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery." Do a Google image search on "Saul Bass style" and you'll find that the hipster designers of today have copied Saul's style to create posters for just about any movie or TV show you can think of.
Again, his work graphically encapsulates an age. How many graphic designers can say their work visually sums up nostalgia in not just one era, but two?
Chris Moore grew up in a time when there were only four TV channels and you had to get off the couch to change them. He still believes the theme music to "Barney Miller" is the best TV intro of all time, and has masking tape on the floor around his desk to indicate the boundaries of his "office" a la Les Nessman from WKRP. He is NOT nostalgic about going to high school in the Reagan era, but will gladly reminisce about Night Flight with anyone who also remembers.
Topics: Branding, Design, Summer Nostalgia Series


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Samajwadi Party to reboot with 'Kaam Bolta Hai' slogan for 2022
NEW DELHI: The Samajwadi Party (SP) will reboot for the 2022 assembly elections in Uttar Pradesh with its popular slogan 'Kaam Bolta Hai.
SP President Akhilesh Yadav has been regularly tweeting about the achievements of his government and also pointing out that the majority of the incumbent Yogi Adityanath government's 'achievements' had actually been initiated in his regime.
The party will now compare and contrast the work done by the SP government with that done by the BJP government. It does not wish to address caste issues blatantly and will try to veer the voters' attention towards its past performance.
"We will let our work speak for itself. There is going to be no rhetoric – just plain simple facts," said a party functionary.
For instance, when the Union cabinet approved international status for the Kushinagar airport, Akhilesh had tweeted: "SP works for people. Congratulate those who initiated the Kushinagar airport work during the SP's rule. Also approve the SP government's pending airport projects in Meerut, Moradabad, Chitrakoot, and Azamgarh."
Earlier, he had tagged a video of the Ghaziabad-Delhi elevated road as 'Kaam bolta hai' and also a photograph of the Jai Prakash Narain International Centre (JPNIC), the construction of which has been halted in the Yogi regime.
He has constantly been slamming the ruling BJP for claiming his projects as their own.
"Can the BJP tell us which projects they have completed on their own? What are their major achievements – except spreading disharmony and hatred. We had the expressway, metro and so many other projects to benefit the common man," said Akhilesh.
The SP, in the run-up to the 2017 assembly elections, had launched its campaign with the catchline 'Kaam bolta hai'.
However, when the SP-Congress alliance was forged just before the assembly polls, the slogan changed to 'UP ko yeh saath pasand hai' and the posters showed Akhilesh Yadav and Rahul Gandhi holding hands.
In the 2019 Lok Sabha elections too, the SP had to drop the slogan when it entered into an alliance with the Bahujan Samaj Party and suffered a humiliating defeat.
"We obviously could not use our slogan for an alliance. This time, we are contesting the 2022 polls on our own strength and 'Kaam bolta hai' will be our focal point," the party functionary said.
Another slogan that the party has floated is '22 mein bicycle', that is being extensively used in pre-election activities to boost the morale of party cadres.
The party has also got a new election song that says, "Akhilesh hoon main, pragati ka sandesh hoon main" and another one that goes, "Nayi hawaa hai, Nayi SaPa hai".
The SP aims to showcase collective leadership, involving both elders and youth and signalling a wave for change in the 2.16-minute new song "Nayi SaPa hai, nayi hawaa hai" (It is a new SP, there is a new wave for it). "Badon ka haath, yuva ka saath, ye nayi SaPa hai," has been sung by regional singers this time and not by big names from Bollywood.
The party is apparently trying to dispel the notion that there is no room for veterans in the party that has a young leadership – especially after the much-publicized feud in the family in 2017 that had cost the party dearly.
The party has already slipped into an election mode and Akhilesh is interacting with party workers from different districts on an almost daily basis.
In this article:2022 Assembly Polls, Kaam Bolta Hai' slogan, Samajwadi Party, Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh Assembly Polls


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Dieser Anwendungsbericht zeigt, dass METAFECTENE® PRO hervorragend für die Transfektion von großen DNA Konstrukten, wie das HSV-1 BAC Genom mit ca. 153 kbps geeignet ist, das für die Produktion von Herpes Simplex Viren verwendet wird. Es werden keine BAC DNA Präzipitate gebildet, die die Aufnahme der DNA durch die Zellen verhindern.
Our laboratory is engaged with the development of herpesvirus vectors for gene and tumor therapy. As a basis for vector design HSV-1 genomes cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes are used. After Red/ET- and FRT-mediated Flp recombination, the altered BAC genomes are transfected into BHK-21 cells for reconstitution of infectious virus and functional analysis. According to our experience there exist only few reliable reagents and reagent combinations, respectively, that allow a more or less efficient transfection of high molecular weight DNA into eukaryotic cells. In this context, in the present report we have examined the applicability of Metafectene Pro. Since reconstituted virus can be easily followed up by virus plaque formation after transfection, we have applied a recombinant HSV-1 BAC that induced a GFP membrane fusion protein with a Tet-off/Tet-on system for in situ monitoring of the transfection efficiency.
Metafectene PRO, a polycationic liposomal transfection reagent, was a gift of Biontex Laboratories GmbH (München, Germany). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penstrep, and Opti-MEM I were obtained from Gibco (Karlsruhe, Germany).
The baby hamster kidney cell line BHK-21 (clone 13) was a gift of Prof. J. Subak-Sharpe (Medical Research Council, Glasgow), and was cultured in DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS and penstrep. HSV-1 ANG BAC RRgBG (Fig. 1) was a derivative of HSV-1 ANG BAC that contained within the deleted ribonucleotide reductase gene region a tet-regulation cassette in which the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene was fused in frame with N- and C-terminal sequences of the HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) of strain ANG giving rise to a fusion protein consisting of 71 N-terminal residues of gB, followed by 239 residues of EGFP, and 215 C-terminal residues of gB.
For transfection, 2 x 105 BHK-21 cells were seeded per 12-well containing 1 ml of DMEM/5% FBS one day before transfection, and used at approximately 50% confluence. Immediately before transfection cell monolayers were replenished with 1 ml of fresh DMEM/5% FBS. BAC DNA at 0.5 and 1.0 µg concentration was dissolved in 50 µl Opti-MEM I. At the same time different aliquots of Metafectene PRO were also dissolved in 50 µl Opti-MEM I. Complexes were formed by mixing DNA with Metafectene PRO solutions. After incubation for 30 min at room temperature, Metafectene PRO complexes with DNA were added dropwise in a volume of 100 µl per well. For fusion protein induction, Tet-on inducing antibiotic was added, and after gently shaking, cell monolayers were incubated at 37°C until examination.
Phase contrast as well as fluorescence microscopy was applied to determine the transfection efficiency using a Leica DMIL fluorescence microscope, and for imaging a Leica DFC350 FX black-and-white camera together with the Leica Software FireCam 1.2.0 (Leitz, Wetzlar, Germany). Several images were taken per transfection well and method.
Figure 1. Structure of HSV-1 ANG BAC RRgBG. Depicted is the linear HSV-1 genome with the insertion sites of a floxed BAC episome containing a functional gpt gene for selection, and of the tet-regulated gB/EGFP expression cassette. DRR, deleted ribonucleotide reductase genes UL39 and UL40; TRL, terminal repeat sequence of the L-region; TRS, terminal repeat sequence of the S-region; lox P, recognition signal for Cre recombinase, FRT, recognition signal for Flp recombinase; P cmv, immediate early promoter of human cytomegalovirus; 2tetO, 2 copies of tet-operator sequences; gB, HSV-1 ANG glycoprotein sequences; EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; tetR, tet repressor.
Metafectene PRO was complexed with HSV-1 ANG BAC RRgBG at reagent:DNA ratios of 2.5 µl:0.5 µg, 5 µl:0.5 µg, 5 µl:1 µg, and 10 µl:1 µg. By far more and larger syncytial virus plaques and more extended expression of gB/EGFP fusion protein were obtained at the lowest examined reagent:DNA ratio, with 2.5 µl Metafectene PRO:0.5 µg BAC DNA (Fig. 2). No improvement in virus plaque formation and gB/EGFP expression was achieved by just adding twice the amount of complexes, that were prepared from mixtures of 5 µl Metafectene Pro and 1 µg BAC (Fig. 2, row 3). At higher Metafectene PRO concentrations, the gB/EGFP expression was significantly reduced. In addition, a slight cell toxic effect was noted by a partial loss of intact monolayers and the appearance of rounded cells that preferably occured at higher Metafectene PRO to BAC DNA ratios (5:0.5 and 10:1.0, Fig. 2).
Figure 2. Syncytial virus plaque formation of BHK-21 cells after HSV-1 ANG BAC RRgBG transfection at the indicated BAC:Metafectene PRO ratios. Phase contrast and fluorescence images were taken 2 days after transfection and induction using a 20x power objective as described.
Metafectene PRO highly qualifies for the transfection of large DNA such as HSV-1 BAC genomes with a size of about 153 kbps. Its handling is easier than comparable two-component systems. Less reagent was needed, and more important, no large BAC DNA precipitates were formed that occur readily with competitor reagents, and inhibit the cellular uptake of BAC DNA. The adherent toxicity problem may be overcome by a medium change within 12 to 24 h after transfection.


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text:
from sklearn import datasets
from sklearn import svm
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
import scipy as sp
import os, signals
from sklearn.externals import joblib
from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV

#Check if the module is executed as main, needed for parallel processing
if __name__ == '__main__':
	#List of parameters
	SHOW_CONFUSION_MATRIX = False

	x_data = []
	y_data = []

	classes = {}

	root="data" #Default directory containing the dataset

	print "Loading the dataset from '{directory}'...".format(directory=root),

	#Fetch all the data files from the root directory of the dataset
	for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):
		for name in files:
			#Get the filename
			filename = os.path.join(path, name)
			#Load the sample from file
			sample = signals.Sample.load_from_file(filename)
			#Linearize the sample and then add it to the x_data list
			x_data.append(sample.get_linearized())
			#Extract the category from the file name
			#For example, the file "a_sample_0.txt" will be considered as "a"
			category = name.split("_")[0]
			#Get a number for the category, as an offset from the category
			#to the a char in Ascii
			number = ord(category) - ord("a")
			#Add the category to the y_data list
			y_data.append(number)
			#Include the category and the corresponding number into a dictionary
			#for easy access and referencing
			classes[number] = category

	print "DONE"

	#Parameters used in the cross-validated training process
	#The library automatically tries every possible combination to
	#find the best scoring one.
	params = {'C':[0.001,0.01,0.1,1], 'kernel':['linear']}

	#Inizialize the model
	svc = svm.SVC(probability = True)
	#Inizialize the GridSearchCV with 8 processing cores and maximum verbosity
	clf = GridSearchCV(svc, params,verbose =10, n_jobs=8)

	#Split the dataset into two subset, one used for training and one for testing
	X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(x_data,
				y_data, test_size=0.35, random_state=0)

	print "Starting the training process..."

	#Start the training process
	clf.fit(X_train, Y_train)

	#If SHOW_CONFUSION_MATRIX is true, prints the confusion matrix
	if SHOW_CONFUSION_MATRIX:
		print "Confusion Matrix:"
		Y_predicted = clf.predict(X_test)
		print confusion_matrix(Y_test, Y_predicted)

	print "\nBest estimator parameters: "
	print clf.best_estimator_

	#Calculates the score of the best estimator found.
	score = clf.score(X_test, Y_test)

	print "\nSCORE: {score}\n".format(score = score)

	print "Saving the model...",

	#Saves the model to the "model.pkl" file
	joblib.dump(clf, 'model.pkl')
	#Saves the classes to the "classes.pkl" file
	joblib.dump(classes, 'classes.pkl')

	print "DONE"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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CARLSBAD — The iconic Windmill in the city is starting to take shape on the inside.
The building is being transformed into the Windmill Food Hall with the recent announcement of eight vendors servicing the hall.
James Markham, the brainchild behind the concept, visited and researched food halls all over the country to conceptualize his own unparalleled spin on the trend. The interior will include vintage 1930's-40's era inspired and authentic elements and artwork for patrons.
As for the vendors Bing Haus and Up2You Café, two Asian-style dessert brands will be in the lineup, along with Markham's own Crackheads, featuring breakfast, sandwiches and specialty coffee.
Joining them will be Cross Street Chicken & Beer, Doughballs Pizza, Rolled Up (build-your-own burritos), Taco Lady and Thai Style Kitchen.
The Windmill Food Hall will incorporate a vast amount of traditional bar seating, an outdoor area and a room called The Library with relaxed, communal seating and a central fireplace. Family-friendly games will be scattered throughout the day-to-night destination, including an interactive green screen, ping pong, and lawn games.
The space encompasses 12,000 square feet inside and an additional 2,000 square feet of outdoor space, which will be used as part of the food hall. Markham, in an interview in March, said operation is expected to begin this month.
He said the location is ideal with proximity to the Carlsbad Premium Outlets, Car Country Carlsbad and one of the busiest thoroughfares in the county at the intersection of Interstate 5 and Palomar Airport Road.
The number of food halls in the U.S. hit 100 last year, and experts predict that number will more than double by 2019.
At his core, though, Markham is an innovator and this new opportunity is another avenue to push the boundaries of the food service industry. He said the space, which is large, will also be able to host gatherings such as big events, dance lessons, a singles night and catering to large parties.
Markham will also introduce two of his own new concepts, sushi burritos and Crackheads, a breakfast and gourmet coffee site in the base of the windmill.
In addition, Markham opened another Crackheads location at the corner of State Street and Carlsbad Village Drive, along with a full-service bar in a pair of container boxes adjacent to Choice Juicery.


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YouTuber PewDiePie to take break from platform as very tired
Swedish vlogger and comedian to step back amid accusations of racism and antisemitismYouTuber PewDiePie has announced he will be taking a break from the video-sharing platform, saying he is "very tired".With 102 million subscribers, the Swedish vlogger and comedian was for many years the platform's most popular star but was overtaken earlier this year by T-Series, an Indian record label which now has around 120 million subscribers. Continue reading...