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Topology analysis for anomalous Hall effect in the non-collinear antiferromagnetic states of Mn\mathbf{{}_{3}}AN (A = Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, In, Sn, Ir, Pt)
Topology analysis for anomalous Hall effect in the non-collinear antiferromagnetic states of Mn3AN (A = Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, In, Sn, Ir, Pt)
Vu Thi Ngoc Huyen Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan Michi-To Suzuki Center for Computational Materials Science, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan Kunihiko Yamauchi Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan Tamio Oguchi Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
We investigate topological features of electronic structures which produce large anomalous Hall effect in the non-collinear antiferromagnetic metallic states of anti-perovskite manganese nitrides by first-principles calculations. We first predict the stable magnetic structures of these compounds to be non-collinear antiferromagnetic structures characterized by either T1g or T2g irreducible representation by evaluating the total energy for all of the magnetic structures classified according to the symmetry and multipole moments. The topology analysis is next performed for the tight binding models obtained from the first-principles calculations. We reveal the small Berry curvature induced through the coupling between occupied and unoccupied states with the spin-orbit coupling, which is widely spread around the Fermi surface in the Brillouin zone, dominantly contributes after the k-space integration to the anomalous Hall conductivity, while the locally divergent Berry curvature around Weyl points has a rather small contribution to the anomalous Hall conductivity.
††thanks: Electronic address: michito.suzuki@imr.tohoku.ac.jp
Anomalous Hall (AH) effect has been focused on exploring the relation between the topological feature of electronic band structures and its emergence as a macroscopic phenomenon reviewahe () . Recently, large AH effect was predicted by the first-principles calculations for non-collinear antiferromagnets with no net magnetization PRL112 (); 2014nahc (); mn3x () and was observed experimentally for the antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases in Mn3Sn and Mn3Ge 2015mn3sn (); 2016mn3ge1 (); 2016mn3ge2 (); 2017mn3gesn (); cmp2017 () . The large AH effect in AFM states has attracted an increasing amount of attention because of the insensitivity against an applied magnetic field and no stray fields interfering with the neighboring cells as well as faster spin dynamics than ferromagnets 2016mn3ge1 (); mn3sn2017ex (); nernst2018ex () . Those findings of the AH effect in the non-collinear AFM states urge us to get a comprehensive understanding for possible AH effect in various magnetic states.
One of the authors has shown that some antiferromagnetic structures can induce the AH effect by breaking the magnetic symmetry same as that for the ordinary ferromagnetic order, and introduced cluster multipoles to identify the order parameters which induce the AH effect as a natural extension of magnetization in ferromagnets cmp2017 (); cmp2018 () . In this context, anti-perovskite manganese nitrides can be regarded as a new playground to explore the AH effect, since Mn3AN (A= Ni, Sn) have been found to show non-collinear AFM in the triangular Mn lattice corresponding to irreducible representations T1g(Γ+4) and T2g(Γ+5), respectively 1978ex (); 2010ex (); 2013ex () and there are many analogue with the replaced nonmagnetic elements. A recent study on the spin-order dependent AH effect in the noncollinear AFM Mn3AN (A= Ga, Zn, Ag, or Ni) also suggested that these compounds are an excellent AFM platform for realizing novel spintronics applications zhou2019 () .
The AH effect was suggested mainly arising from large Berry curvature around the Weyl points in Weyl semimetals claudia2018 (); topologicalsemimetals () . For metallic ferromagnetic bcc-Fe, Martínez et al. investigated topological feature related to the AH effect and found the dominant contribution from the Berry curvature distribution across the Fermi sheets with the possible enhanced contribution from the Fermi sheets having the Weyl points very nearby PRB085138 () . In this paper, we provide the results of systematic analysis for the AH effect in anti-perovskite manganese nitrides Mn3AN (A= Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, In, Sn, Ir, Pt) and discuss the stability, symmetry, and topology aspects of the magnetic structures leading to the AH effect. In particular, we identify important factors or the large AH effect with the detailed analysis of Weyl points, Berry curvature, and Fermi surfaces, which characterize the topological features of the magnetic systems, by means of first-principles calculations. We find that the AH effect is dominantly contributed from the Berry curvatures widely spread around the Fermi surfaces induced with the band splitting due to the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and the contribution from the divergent Berry curvature, for instance, around Weyl points is rather small.
This paper is organized as follows. Section II shows symmetry analysis related to AH effect in Mn3AN. The method to perform the first-principles calculation is presented in Sec. III. Then results for electronic and topological aspects of the AH conductivity in these compounds are shown in Sec. IV. We investigate the stable magnetic structures in Sec. IV A and the AH conductivity in Sec. IV B. In Sec. IV C, we show Weyl points can produce divergent peaks of the Berry curvature when they are located just around the Fermi level, but contribution to the AH effect is nevertheless small. We then discuss the dominant factor that contributes to the AH conductivity in Sec. IV D. Finally, Sec. V contains a summary of this work.
Ii Symmetry and anomalous Hall effect in Mn3AN
Figure 1: Energetically inequivalent magnetic structures of Mn3AN classified according to the multipole moments following Ref. cmp2017, and Ref. cmpgeneration, . The green, yellow, and blue balls indicate Mn, A, and N atoms, respectively. Arrows on Mn atoms indicate the magnetic moments.
Oh-IR Multipole Mag. PG P. axis AHC
T1g (Mx,My,Mz)=(001) 4/mm′m′ [100] σyz
=(010) 4/mm′m′ [010] σzx
=(001) 4/mm′m′ [001] σxy
=(110) m′m′m [110] σ110
=(111) ¯3m′ [111] σ111
T2g (Tyz,Tzx,Txy)=(100) 4′/mm′m [100] None
=(010) 4′/mm′m [010] None
=(110) mm′m [110] None
=(111) ¯3m [111] None
T1g (Mαx,Mαy,Mαy)=(100) 4/mm′m′ [100] σyz
Table 1: Classification of the magnetic structures with the ordering vector q=0 in Mn3AN according to the symmetry-adapted multipole cmpgeneration () as well as the irreducible representation (IR), magnetic point group (Mag. PG) with its principal axis (P. axis). The AH conductivity tensors (AHC) that can be finite under the magnetic point groups are also listed, where σ110≡1√2(σyz+σzx) and σ111≡1√3(σyz+σzx+σxy).
Manganese nitrides Mn3AN have the anti-perovskite crystal structure which belongs to the space group Pm¯3m (O1h, No. 221). We classify the energetically inequivalent magnetic structures with the ordering vector q=0, shown in Fig. 1, using the symmetry-adapted multipole magnetic structure bases generated following Ref. cmpgeneration, . In Fig. 1, the magnetic (M)-dipole structures (Mx,My,Mz)=(001), (110), and (111) represent ferromagnetic structures oriented along [001], [110], and [111] directions, respectively. The pure antiferromagnetic structures are obtained as the magnetic structures orthogonalized to the M-dipole structures cmpgeneration () and are, in this compound, obtained as the rank-2 magnetic toroidal multipoles (MT-quadrupoles) and rank-3 M-multipoles (M-octupoles).
Orthogonalized multipoles which belong to T1g and T2g IRs are listed in Table 1 together with the non-zero AH conductivity tensors. As shown in Table 1, the M-octupoles can induce the AH effect since these ordered states break the magnetic symmetry same as those of the M-dipoles cmp2017 () . On the other hand, MT-quadrupoles, which belong to T2g IR, do not induce the AH effect with the magnetic structures shown in Fig. 1 due to the presence of the magnetic symmetry which forbids the finite AH conductivity as we demonstrate in Sec. IV.
As discussed in Ref. cmp2017, , co-planar magnetic structures induce no AH effect in the absence of SOC in general by the presence of the effective time-reversal symmetry, which is the symmetry of conjunct operation of the time reversal and global spin rotation. The M-dipoles and M-octupoles in Fig. 1 need SOC to induce the AH effect. In the following section, we proceed to the quantitative evaluation of the AH conductivity for the M-octopole structure based on the results of first-principles calculations considering the SOC.
Iii Method
Figure 2: Energy bands from the first-principles calculations (red) and from Wannier interpolation (green) of (a) Mn3NiN, (b) Mn3GeN, and (c) Mn3IrN along high symmetry points in the first Brillouin zone of a simple cubic shown in Fig. 3.
Figure 3: The first Brillouin zone (black) corresponding to the crystal primitive unit cell with the high symmetry points.The hexagonal plane (green line) shows minimum periodicity in the (111) plane for the simple cubic Brillouin zone with the center point at Γ. The orange rectangular is the region used to plot the Berry curvature in Fig. 5.
QUANTUM ESPRESSO package QE () is used to perform first-principles calculations and to evaluate the electronic and magnetic properties of antiperovskite manganese nitrides. Generalized gradient approximation in the parametrization of Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof GGA-PBE () is used for the exchange-correlation functional. The pseudopotentials in the projector augmented-wave method paw () are generated by PSLIBRARY pslibrary () . We choose kinetic cut-off energies 100 Ry and 800 Ry for the plane wave basis set and charge density, respectively.
The AH conductivity is calculated by the Brillouin zone integration of the Berry curvature with summation of the one-electron bands below the Fermi level ahc (); ahc2 () :
σαβ=−e2ℏ∫d{k}(2π)3∑nfn({k})Ωn,αβ({k}) (1)
where n is band index, α,β=x,y,z (α≠β), and fn({k})=θ(ϵn({k})−μ) is the occupation factor determined from the eigenvalue of the Bloch states ϵn({k}) and the Fermi energy μ. The Berry curvature is evaluated following the Kubo formula ahc (); ahc4 () :
Ωn,αβ({k})=−2Im∑m≠nvnm,α({k})vmn,β({k})[ϵm({k})−ϵn({k})]2 (2)
where the velocity operator is defined in term of the periodic part un{k} of the Bloch states:
with ^H({k})=e−i{k.r}^Hei{k.r}. The AH conductivity is evaluated by using the tight-binding models generated from the first-principles calculations ahc () by Wannier interpolation scheme using Wannier90 w90 () . Including s,p,d orbitals for Mn and A atoms and s,p orbitals for N atoms, we have obtained the tight-binding models showing almost complete reproducibility of the energy bands for those obtained from the first-principles calculations within the energy interval from the lowest energy of the valence bands to about 4 eV above the Fermi energy for the Mn3AN series, as shown in Fig. 2 for Mn3GeN, Mn3PdN, and Mn3IrN. A k-mesh 18×18×18 is utilized to sample the first Brillouin zone (BZ) with Methfessel-Paxton smearing width of 0.005 Ry to get the Fermi level. The AH conductivity was evaluated with the uniform k-point mesh of 200×200×200 with the adaptive k-mesh refinement adap1 (); adap2 () of 5×5×5 for the absolute values of Berry curvature larger than 100\AA2.
Iv Results
iv.1 Stability of magnetic structure in Mn3AN
This work Experiments
A Config. a0(Å) |mlocal| (μB) |mtotal| (μB) ΔE (meV/f.u.) Magnetic configurations (temperature)
FM [111] 3.827 3.12 9.35 345.5 ∙ MO + MTQ (10K<T<250K) 2010ex ()
Ni MTQ 3.832 2.99 0.0 0.04 ∙ MO + MTQ (160K<T<266K) 1978ex ()
MO 3.832 2.99 0.0 0
FM [111] 3.851 2.74 8.23 257.8
Cu MTQ 3.853 2.87 0.0 -7.5 ∙ Ferromagnetic in tetragonal (T<150K) 2001ex ()
MO 3.853 2.97 0.10 0
FM [111] 3.781 1.510 4.53 190.8 ∙ AFM but not MTQ (T<80K) 2012ex ()
Zn MTQ 3.866 2.74 0.0 -0.4 ∙ MTQ (80K<T<170K) 2012ex (); 1978ex ()
Ga MTQ 3.865 2.61 0.00 -0.4 ∙ MTQ (T<298K) 1978ex ()
Ge MTQ 3.858 2.49 0.0 -8.6 -
Pd MTQ 3.927 3.36 0.0 -9.5 -
MO 3.927 3.34 -0.01 0
FM [111] 3.910 1.56 4.68 329.3 ∙ Weak FM+ AFM (T<175K) 2012ex ()
In MTQ 3.989 2.61 0.0 74.6 ∙ AFM (175K<T<300K) 2012ex ()
FM [111] 3.882 1.193 3.58 236.7 ∙ Complex magnetic ordering (T<237K) 1977ex ()
Sn MTQ 3.851 2.01 0.0 215.6 ∙ MO and MTQ (237K<T<357K) 1978ex (); 1977ex ()
Ir MTQ 3.863 2.77 0.00 -3.0 -
MO 3.863 2.77 0.06 0.0
Pt MTQ 3.927 3.23 0.0 -6.7 -
MO 3.927 3.23 - 0.05 0
Table 2: Equilibrium lattice constants a0(\AA), local magnetic moments |mlocal|(μB), and the difference of total energy ΔE (meV/f.u.) between (111) magnetic orderings and the M-octupole (Mαx, Mαy Mαz)= (111) (MO) configurations. The bold values indicate the lowest ΔE. The M-dipole (Mx,My,Mz)= (111) and M-T quadrupole (Tyz,Tzx,Txy)= (111) are referred as the FM [111] and the MTQ configuration, respectively.
Figure 4: Total energy as the function of lattice constants for different magnetic configurations in Mn3GaN. The equilibrium total energy of the (Mαx,Mαy,Mαz)=(111) magnetic structure is chosen as the origin of total energy. The values are fitted to Birch-Murnaghan's equation of state Murnaghan () by the least square method.
We first consider the stability of magnetic structures in Mn3AN by comparing total energies calculated by the first-principles approach. The optimization of lattice constants for each magnetic structure in Mn3AN are performed by calculating lattice constant dependence of the total energy as shown for Mn3GaN in Fig. 4. The optimized lattice constants agree with previous experimental values 2014ex (); 1981ex () . It is shown that either (Tyz, Tzx, Txy)= (111) or (Mαx, Mαy, Mαz)= (111) is obtained as the stable magnetic structure in Mn3AN. We hereafter focus on these (111) non-collinear AFM structures and refer the magnetic structures of (Tyz, Tzx, Txy)= (111) and of (Mαx, Mαy, Mαz)= (111) as MT-quadrupole (MTQ) and M-octupole (MO), respectively, following the multipole characterization of the magnetic structure proposed in Ref. cmp2017, and cmpgeneration, . The total energies for ferromagnetic, MTQ, and MO magnetic structures are listed in Table 2 with the relative energy from the MO magnetic structure, i.e. ΔE=E−EMO, for the series of Mn3AN.
Table 2 shows that Mn3AN with A = Ni, In, Sn prefer the MO configuration, and those with the other A atoms prefer the MTQ configuration, having the MO magnetic structure as the secondary stable solution. The energy differences between the MO and MTQ magnetic structures are small for most of the Mn3AN compounds. Mn3NiN shows only tiny energy difference of 0.04 meV/f.u., which explain the experimentally reported possible coexistence of the MO and MTO phases 2010ex () . On the other hand, we may expect that Mn3InN and Mn3SnN are stabilized to the MO phase with ΔE(MTQ−MO)∼ 74.6 and 215.6 meV/f.u. and active for the AH effect. The presence of weak ferromagnetism in AFM states observed for Mn3InN 2012ex () implies that the observed AFM structure is the MO structure since the MO and ferromagnetic structures belong to the same magnetic symmetry and can coexist in the magnetic phase. In the followings, we will focus on the AH effect in the MO magnetic structure, which is the first or secondary stable solution for all of Mn3AN and can induce the AH effect.
iv.2 Anomalous Hall conductivity
Figure 5: The [111] Berry curvature component after taking band summation, Ω111sum(Å2)≡1√3(Ωyz,sum+Ωzx,sum+Ωxy,sum), on (111) plane centered at Γ, shown in Fig. 3, for Mn3GeN with (a) the MO and (b) the MTQ configuration, respectively.
- Ni 375.7 Cu -287.7 Zn 350.5 Ga 96.3 Ge -624.5
A σ111 - Pd 252.6 - - In 34.6 Sn -128.0
(S/cm) Ir -575.3 Pt 799.9 - - - -
Table 3: Calculated AH conductivity, σ111, for the MO magnetic configuration in Mn3AN compounds.
We have calculated the AH conductivity, σ111≡1√3(σyz+σzx+σxy), for the magnetic structures shown in Fig. 1 and listed the values in Table 3. Note that the conductivity (σyz, σzx, σzy) has the transformation property for the magnetic point group same as that for the magnetization (Mx, My, Mz) cmp2017 () , and the time-reversal counterparts of the magnetic structures hold the opposite sign to the AH conductivity. Some of Mn3AN materials show the large AH conductivities in the non-collinear AFM magnetic structure as the same order of the AH conductivity calculated for the ferromagnetic states such as Fe (750 S/cm) adap1 (); ahc () and Co (480 S/cm) wang2007 () . The AH conductivity values for the non-collinear antiferromagnet Mn3Ir, which shows the same magnetic alignment on Mn atoms in Mn3AN, is also evaluated in this work as 233.8 S/cm and in good agreement with the previous work (218 S/cm) PRL112 () .
Figure 5 shows distribution of the Berry curvature component after taking band summation, Ω111sum(k)≡1√3(Ωyz,sum(k)+Ωzx,sum(k)+Ωxy,sum(k)) with Ωαβ,sum(k)=∑nfn(k)Ωn,αβ(k), on the (111) plane shown in Fig. 3 for the MO and MTQ magnetic structures. The MO and MTQ magnetic structures belong to the magnetic point groups ¯3m′ and ¯3m, respectively, and the Berry curvature distribution keeps the three-fold rotation symmetry on the (111) plane. In contrast to the MO magnetic structure, the MTQ magnetic structure cancels out the Berry curvature on the (111) plane with BZ integration due to the mirror symmetry with the vertical mirror planes and leads to no AH conductivity for the magnetic structure.
iv.3 Topology analysis
Figure 6: Number of Weyl points around the Fermi level (black boxes and blue boxes) with the calculated AH conductivity (red dots) for the series of Mn3AN.
Figure 7: (a) Band structure and (b) Berry curvature along the [111] direction, →k111, having Weyl points near Fermi energy that produce the positive Berry curvature after taking band summation in Mn3SnN. Each panel shows an interval 0.109 (Å−1) along →k111 with Weyl point at the middle of the line. The relative energies with respect to the Weyl points are written in red, the blue number +1 and -1 indicate the chiralities of the Weyl points. The value "−0 meV" indicates the Weyl point within the energy range of -1 meV < E < 0 meV. The coordinates of these Weyl points in the reciprocal space from left to right are W1 = (-0.06, -0.34, -0.34), W2 = (-0.04, 0.34, 0.34), W3 = (-0.05, 0.44, -0.16), W4 = (-0.05, -0.16, 0.44), W5 = (-0.16, -0.05, 0.44), W6 = (-0.34, -0.34, 0.03) and W7 = (-0.15, 0.47, 0.05), respectively.
Figure 8: The bar chart showing contribution of the Berry curvature to the resultant AH conductivity of Mn3AN with the A elements having (a) small and (b) large SOC. The horizontal axis is the absolute intensity of the Berry curvature.
In Weyl semimetal, it has been often suggested that the Berry curvature around the Weyl points dominantly contribute to the AH effect in the local k-space regions claudia2018 (); topologicalsemimetals () . For metallic magnets, Martínez et al. suggested that the Fermi sheets with Weyl points very nearby tend to contribute more to the AH conductivity than other Fermi sheets farther from Weyl points by investigating ferromagnetic bcc Fe PRB085138 () . In this section, we investigate the Berry curvature, Weyl points which characterize the topological aspects of the magnetic structures, and their roles in the resultant AH effect for the AFM states in Mn3AN.
We determined Weyl points by examining chrality for possible energy crossing points. The converged number of Weyl points in the BZ is obtained by increasing k-point mesh in the first BZ to search the crossing points, and the chirality is calculated from the Berry flux coming out of a small sphere S surrounding each Weyl point, i.e. 12π∮SdSˆn.Ωn(k) PRB085138 () . Figure 6 shows the number of Weyl points around the Fermi level which are presented in the BZ with the calculated AH conductivity for the series of Mn3AN. It is shown that there are several Weyl points within the energy range -1.0 eV < E < 1.0 eV in all of the investigated compounds, but only Mn3SnN and Mn3PdN have the Weyl points within ±30 meV around the Fermi level. Some Weyl points around the Fermi level in Mn3SnN are picked up and the band structures around the Weyl points with its chirality and relative energy measured from the Fermi level are shown in Fig.7, with the resulting Berry curvature after taking the band summation. Figure 7 (a) shows that the Berry curvature around Weyl points contributes to producing the sharp peaks of the band summation of the Berry curvature when the Weyl points are located near the Fermi level within the energy range of 1 meV as shown in Fig. 7 (b). Meanwhile, the Weyl points located at the energy more than 1meV below the Fermi energy in Fig. 7 (a) do not produce finite contribution of the Berry curvature after taking band summation since the crossing bands are both occupied.
Figure 8 shows the contribution of the Berry curvature, classified according to its value of ∣Ω111n(k)∣ in the first BZ, where Ω111n(k)≡1√3(Ωyz,n(k)+Ωzx,n(k)+Ωxy,n(k)) is the [111] Berry curvature component of band n at each k point, to the resultant AH conductivity, σ111. Figure 8 shows the Berry curvature with small value dominantly contribute to the AH conductivity and the contribution rapidly decreases as the value becomes larger. The plot clearly shows that the contribution of the divergent Berry curvature to the AH conductivity is quite small in these AFM states even for the compounds with several Weyl points around the Fermi level leading to the divergent Berry curvature summation at the local k-region.
We further evaluate the contribution of the divergent Berry curvature around the Weyl points to the AH conductivity by calculating the k-integral in Eq. (1) within the cubes set around each Weyl point in BZ. Decreasing the size of the cubes, we obtain the converged values of the contribution to the AH conductivity around seven percent. The small contribution of the local divergent Berry curvature to the resultant AH conductivity can be understood from too small region to produce a large contribution to the AH conductivity or from cancelling it out with the other contribution that has the opposite sign of the Berry curvature at different k points in BZ.
iv.4 Berry curvature and spin-orbit coupling effect
Figure 9: The Berry curvature integrated on the (111) hexagonal area as shown in Fig. 3 with its center changing from Γ to R for Mn3AN (A= Ni, Pd, Pt).
Figure 10: (a), (b), (c) Distribution of the Berry curvature after taking band summation, Ω111sum, and Fermi surfaces on the BZ plane as shown in Fig. 3 with its center point of R. (d), (e), (f) The band structure around Fermi energy and (g), (h), (i) Berry curvature Ω111sum on the G1-G2 line shown in (a), (b), (c), respectively.
We here investigate the electronic structure, Berry curvature, and AH conductivity in the Mn3AN with A = Ni, Pd, and Pt which belong to the same group in the periodic table and are expected to have similar electronic valence states except for the effect of SOC coupling for the purpose to discuss the topological feature which enhance the AH conductivity. Figure 9 shows the Berry curvature integrated on the hexagonal plane with the minimum periodicity in the (111) plane, as shown in Fig. 3, moving the center point of the hexagonal plane from Γ to R for the three compounds. As shown in Fig. 10, the integrated Berry curvature shows similar dependency for the (111) plane, starting from the almost zero value for the plane including Γ to the negative finite values for the one including R, for these compounds. The Berry curvature after taking band sum is shown for the (111) plane including R point in the upper panel of Fig. 10, exhibiting the region with sizeable Berry curvature spread around the Fermi surfaces, which we hereinafter call active area of the Berry curvature.
Mn3NiN and Mn3PdN show similar values of the AH conductivity through all of the different (111) planes in Fig. 9. This reflects the similarity of the band structures as shown in Fig. 10 (d) and (e), which result in the similar Fermi surfaces and Berry curvature distribution shown in Fig. 10 (a) and (b). On the other hand, the small difference of the electronic structure can modify the local structure of the Berry curvature distribution as shown in Fig. 9 (g) and (h). As shown in Fig. 10 (d) and (g), two sharp negative peaks of the Berry curvature in Mn3NiN come from the two small gaps around the Fermi level. The SOC of Pd, relatively larger than that of Ni, increases those gaps and lower the top peaks for Mn3PdN compared to those for Mn3NiN through the denominator of Eq. (2), making the possible contribution to the AH conductivity smaller than that for Mn3NiN. Meanwhile, Mn3PtN exhibits larger active area of the Berry curvature than those for Mn3NiN and Mn3PdN in its absolute value as shown in Fig. 10 (c). The enhancement of the Berry curvature over BZ for Mn3PtN, which can be seen in Fig. 9, is thus associated with the enlarged active area of the Berry curvature through the large SOC of Pt in Mn3PtN and leads to the largest AH conductivity in the calculations among the three compounds. The enhancements in the cross term of the velocity matrix in Eq. (2) through SOC for the states around the Fermi surfaces take place in a broad region of BZ, possibly contributing to the obtained large AH conductivity in the AFM Mn3AN compounds.
V Conclusions
In summary, we have investigated the stable magnetic structures, the AH effect, and the topology related to the AH effect in anti-perovskite manganese nitrides Mn3AN. Their MO non-collinear AFM states, which are the most or second stable magnetic structures whose magnetic symmetry allows to induce the AH effect, exhibit the AH conductivities comparable to those in ferromagnetic states of Fe and Co in size. We have shown that the Berry curvature spread around the Fermi surfaces in the broad BZ region, coming from the band splitting due to the SOC dominantly contribute to the AH conductivity, while the locally divergent Berry curvature produces only a small contribution to the AH conductivity after considering the band summation and BZ integral in Eq. (1). It opens a viewpoint for a relation between topology and macroscopic phenomena in non-collinear AFM. Our study might also motivate and guide further various exciting researches in associating with topology and AFM spintronic applications.
We thank F. Kuroda and Y. Yanagi for helpful comments and discussion. This work was supported by the Materials Research by Information Integration Initiative (MI2I) of the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), and the International Scientific industrial research (ISIR), Osaka University, JSPS KAKENHI Grants No. JP18H04227, JP15K17713, JP15H05883 (J-Physics), JP17H06154, JP18H04230, JST- PRESTO and CREST No. JPMJCR18T1, Japan Science and Technology Agency.
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(21) P. Giannozzi, S. Baroni, N. Bonini, M. Calandra, R. Car, C. Cavazzoni, D. Ceresoli, G. L. Chiarotti, M. Cococcioni, I. Dabo, A. D. Corso, S. Gironcoli, S. Fabris, G. Fratesi, R. Gebauer, U. Gerstmann, C. Gougoussis, A. Kokalj, M. Lazzeri, L. M.-Samos, N. Marzari, F. Mauri, R. Mazzarello, S. Paolini, A. Pasquarello, L. Paulatto, C. Sbraccia1, S. Scandolo, G. Sclauzero, A. P Seitsonen, A. Smogunov, P. Umari and R. M Wentzcovitch, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 21, 395502 (2009).
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text:
Avtomobilist Karaganda () was an ice hockey team in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. They were active from 1966–1996 and from 1998–2000.

History
The club was founded in 1966 as Stroitel Karaganda () and played at first in the Vtoraya Liga, the third level of Soviet ice hockey. They won the Vtoraya Liga as Avtomobilist Karaganda in 1980, and were promoted to the Pervaya Liga. From 1992–1996, Karaganda participated in the International Hockey League, which featured teams from the Commonwealth of Independent States. In 1993, they took on their old name of Stroitel again, and dissolved due to financial difficulties in 1996. In 1998, the team was revived as Avtomobilist, but they were dissolved after only one season.

Notable players
 Vladimir Antipin
 Oleg Bolyakin
 Alexander Genze
 Alexei Mursin
 Sergei Mogilnikov
 Waldemar Quapp
 Yerlan Sagymbayev

Notable Coaches
Yuri Baulin

References

External links
 Avtomobilist Karaganda statistics

Defunct ice hockey teams in Kazakhstan
Sport in Karaganda

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


GtkButtonBox: Implements the GtkOrientable interface now.
Printing: GTK+ supports printing an application-defined 'selection' now, in addition to usual page ranges.
The new GtkInfoBar widget uses symbolic colors for theming its background color depending on the message type. By default, it uses the same background color as tooltips. This can be turned off with style property.
The GTK+ file chooser (as well as nautilus and other users of GIO icon information) can now show different icons for xdg user dirs. The icon names are folder-documents, folder-download, folder-music, folder-pictures, folder-publicshare, folder-templates, folder-videos, with an automatic fallback to the standard folder icon.
27 bugs fixed in this release!


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Junk Car Removal For Cash - Junk A Car-Few Tips About How To Offer Junk Car?
Next: How Am I Able To Sell My Junk Car For Hard?
These days, majority of own trendy. Some are new while other medication is older quicker .. At times, due to accidents or frequent maintenance & repair, a person may get fed of his car as it is no longer in a good working condition. Even service stations disagree vehicle such motor bikes. Depreciation - Wonderful be reluctant about selling your car because really feel that planning cause an essential loss. Obviously, you find it difficult to sell incredibly old car for a healthy price. However, you have got to realize this loss is inevitable. If they are you keep the car, you will the value will devalue. Therefore, to minimize the loss that require to suffer, around the globe advisable to Junk Car Buyer as soon as entirely possible.As per the available statistics, New york city has the utmost number of junks inside. This news of selling cars must bring smiles on confront too. The junk car dealers appear in plenty in NY and in surrounding cities like Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Staten Place. Though most of these companies offer kind of same different kinds of facilities and services, you must be cautious about finding the right company to junk trendy in Brooklyn. As the majority of the available deals are good and great for the owners of junks like you, in which means you must prefer disposing your junk car to any company without to the junk feet.Your old junked vehicle can help your home dirty and ugly, so getting associated with it's the best idea. Salvage car companies can recycle the various components so that they are used preserve working vehicles running. That way, supply give the maximum value for texas duplicate title application form your salvage. They even take care of the towing cost to ensure you don't need to bother about getting automobile to that. Since getting rid of your useless vehicle may you some money and help other people stay on the road, it's a great way to clean up your yard or garage.If you have any concerns regarding where and the best ways to utilize cash for junk cars without titles, you could call us at the site. What goes wrong with your old junk car when it refuses for you to any for longer? Does it sit in your driveway to simply rust off the lot? Do you try your hardest so it can gain away to close family members or friends because jampacked garage refuse to spend on it? Leave both ones options the rear. Get paid for your junk. Sell your junk car and pick up some needed cash.There are many people who have not came upon that how and why such companies make money from buying these cars, as these aren't mostly from a condition that they could be re-packaged. Even some of these aren't in scenario of getting repaired. We should know one thing that business of buying and selling these cars is huge. This business has grown quite all the time in recent years. The companies 'we buy junk cars' buy autos from those who no longer want such vehicles their own homes. Normally buy old, depreciated and non operational cars. These dealers do have some uses of cars and ultimately they turn them into yields.With help of of internet one may now get in contact with many similar providers who offer Cash energy Los Angeles deals. One such firm is Cashcashcars. Their job for you to provide quick, liberated, no-hassle elimination of discarded vehicles from every driveway, garage, back alley and front lawn on the US and Canada. Create a procurement offer determined by the recoupable value on the automobile. Their vast experience of this field has made them a leader in junk and redundant vehicle removal industry. Nobody does an even better job of moving away old, worn-out and unnecessary vehicles compared to they do.There are wide ranging dealers who buy junk cars extremely cheap to use time and additionally they would feel special to get rid of the junk in which you at a reasonable price. Cost is usually determined your value of this junk. Closing product intended also determines what price a junk car dealer may promote. You need to barter well and win value for the money.


text:
Museum Of Science Plans To Honor Boston Native Leonard Nimoy With 'Live Long And Prosper' Sculpture
By CBSBoston.com Staff March 26, 2021 at 12:43 pm
Filed Under:Boston News, Leonard Nimoy, Museum Of Science
BOSTON (CBS) — The Museum of Science is planning a lasting tribute to Boston native Leonard Nimoy. Plans were announced Friday – "Leonard Nimoy Day" – to develop a monument to honor the actor who will forever be remembered for portraying the logical Spock on "Star Trek."
The 20-foot stainless steel sculpture, designed by artist David Phillips, depicts the "Live Long and Prosper" Vulcan salute that became synonymous with Spock and Nimoy. It will be located at Science Park in front of the museum "welcoming visitors and Star Trek fans from around the world."
The design for the Live Long and Prosper monument (Image credit: Museum Of Science)
"The "Live Long and Prosper" symbol represents a message that my dad believed so strongly in," said daughter Julie Nimoy in a statement. "My dad always loved Boston and he would be honored knowing that the Museum of Science would be the permanent home to this memorial. The sculpture not only depicts one of the world's most recognized and loved gestures for peace, tolerance, and diversity, but it will also be a beautiful tribute to my dad's life and legacy."
Nimoy, who died in 2015, was born in Boston's West End neighborhood. He has been the voice of the introduction film in the museum's Mugar Omni Theater for 30 years.
"Leonard Nimoy was one of our own. Growing up a few blocks from the Museum of Science, he never forgot his immigrant roots. He was, and forever will be, a beloved part of our Museum family," said Tim Ritchie, president of the Museum of Science, in a statement. "He lifted our aspirations and hopes through his commitment to science, intellectual curiosity, generosity, and, yes, logic. He reminded us about the best part of humanity and gave us a vision for building a society based on reason and tolerance. The opportunity to pay tribute to him is a great honor and what better day to make this announcement than on what would have been his 90th birthday."
The museum will work with Nimoy's family on the next steps including fundraising and construction. The goal is to raise $1 million for the project. Click here to donate to the memorial fund.
CBSBoston.com Staff
More from CBSBoston.com Staff

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Investigating Artefacts Associated with α Particle Interactions in Charge Coupled Devices
Newton, Rosie and Scott, Mike J. and Dickinson, James W. and Phoenix, Ben and Parker, David J. and Wheldon, Carl and Pirrie, Stuart and Turner, Anthony and Kokalova, Tzany and Joyce, Malcolm J. (2018) Investigating Artefacts Associated with α Particle Interactions in Charge Coupled Devices. In: 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2017 - Conference Proceedings. 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2017 - Conference Proceedings . Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., USA. ISBN 9781538622827
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2017.8533021
The response of charge coupled devices (CCDs) to \alpha radiation has been investigated to assess the potential of using these devices to perform \alpha -particle detection and measurement. Previous research indicates that \alpha radiation leaves distinctive patterns in the images produced by CCDs when compared with other types of radiation. In this research, CCD responses to \alpha and \beta radiation have been compared to highlight these differences. The CCD used was a Sony ICX825AL interline transfer CCD with an 9.98 \times 6.71 mm imaging area consisting of 1392 \times 1040 pixels, each of size 6.45 \times 6.45 {\mu } m, covered with a thin aluminised Mylar film to stop exposure to light. Images have been taken of exposures to a ^{\mathbf {210}}Po source and horizontal streaks have been observed. It is thought the horizontal streaks are caused by the charge produced by the \alpha particles being read out over several cycles. The average length of the streaks was found to be 14.5 \pm 2.0 pixels. Future research will be done to further assess streaks produced by different energy \alpha particles to investigate the potential of using CCDs for spectroscopy, using the MC40 cyclotron at the University of Birmingham.
Funding Information: Manuscript received May 8, 2017. This work was supported by the Next Generation Nuclear Centre for Doctoral Training, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), and the Lloyds Register Foundation. M. J. Joyce acknowledges the support of the Royal Society as a recipient of a Wolfson Research Merit award. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 IEEE. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.


Graveside services for Margaret Lynell Sanders will be held Aug. 26 at 1 p.m. at Mountain View Cemetery in Riverton. Lynell, 81, passed away on July 25 at her home in Basin.
Lynell, the daughter of Richard Eaton and Grace Margaret McKinney Farthing, was born June 26, 1937. Lynell and her two siblings, Paul and Naomi, grew up on a ranch at Mill Creek. She attended school in Mill Creek and Lander. When Lynell was 12 years old, the family moved to a ranch outside of Lander and she graduated from Lander High School in 1954.
Lynell married Howard Neal Grouns in the spring of 1954; they had two sons and a daughter. The couple made their home wherever the oilfield took them. Howard died in 1968 in a rig accident. That fall, Lynell enrolled in the Wyoming Beauty Academy in Riverton.
She married Kenneth Leon Sanders on Dec. 4, 1970. They lived in Lander where she worked for Ben Franklin for 26 years. She retired in 2006 and relocated to Basin in 2007 to be closer to family.
Lynell enjoyed sewing, crafting, photography, hunting, fishing and camping. She loved spending time with family and friends. She was a compassionate and caring woman who will be dearly missed.
Her mother Grace, father Richard, her husbands Howard Grouns and Kenny Sanders, daughter Bethany Grouns and brother-in-law Timothy Sullivan, preceded Lynell in death.
She is survived by her sons and a daughter-in-law, David and Debbie Grouns and Dean Grouns; brother and sister-in-law, Paul and Kate Farthing; sister, Naomi Sullivan; five grandchildren and 13 great-grandchildren.
Memorial donations can be made to South Big Horn County Senior Center c/o Bryant Funeral Home, Box 524, Worland, WY 82401.


text:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace T3v\T3vCore\Tests\Unit\Utility;

use T3v\T3vCore\Utility\ExtensionUtility;
use TYPO3\TestingFramework\Core\Unit\UnitTestCase;

/**
 * The extension utility test class.
 *
 * @package T3v\T3vCore\Tests\Unit\Utility
 */
class ExtensionUtilityTest extends UnitTestCase
{
    /**
     * Tests the `getIdentifier` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getIdentifier(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            't3vcore',
            ExtensionUtility::getIdentifier('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            't3vdummyext',
            ExtensionUtility::getIdentifier('t3v_dummy_ext')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            't3vcore',
            ExtensionUtility::getIdentifier('T3vCore')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            't3vcore',
            ExtensionUtility::getIdentifier('T3v Core')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            't3vcore',
            ExtensionUtility::identifier('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            't3vcore',
            ExtensionUtility::extensionIdentifier('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getSignature` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getSignature(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'T3v.T3vCore',
            ExtensionUtility::getSignature('t3v', 't3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'T3v.T3vCore',
            ExtensionUtility::getSignature('T3v', 't3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'T3v_T3vCore',
            ExtensionUtility::getSignature('T3v', 't3v_core', '_')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'T3v.T3vCore',
            ExtensionUtility::signature('t3v', 't3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'T3v.T3vCore',
            ExtensionUtility::extensionSignature('t3v', 't3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getLocallang` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getLocallang(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang.xlf:',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallang('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang_tca.xlf:',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallang('t3v_core', 'locallang_tca.xlf')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang_tca.xlf:',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallang('t3v_core', 'locallang_tca.xlf', 'EXT:')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang_tca.xlf|',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallang('t3v_core', 'locallang_tca.xlf', 'EXT:', '|')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang_tca.xlf',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallang('t3v_core', 'locallang_tca.xlf', 'LLL:EXT:', '')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang.xlf:',
            ExtensionUtility::locallang('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language/locallang.xlf:',
            ExtensionUtility::lll('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getConfigurationFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getConfigurationFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration',
            ExtensionUtility::getConfigurationFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Configuration',
            ExtensionUtility::getConfigurationFolder('t3v_core', 'EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration',
            ExtensionUtility::configurationFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getFlexFormsFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getFlexFormsFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/FlexForms',
            ExtensionUtility::getFlexFormsFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/FlexForms',
            ExtensionUtility::getFlexFormsFolder('t3v_core', 'EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/FlexForms',
            ExtensionUtility::flexFormsFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getTCAFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getTCAFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TCA',
            ExtensionUtility::getTCAFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TCA',
            ExtensionUtility::getTCAFolder('t3v_core', 'EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TCA',
            ExtensionUtility::tcaFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getTSConfigFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getTSConfigFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TSconfig',
            ExtensionUtility::getTSConfigFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TSconfig',
            ExtensionUtility::getTSConfigFolder('t3v_core', 'EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TSconfig',
            ExtensionUtility::tsConfigFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getTypoScriptFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getTypoScriptFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TypoScript',
            ExtensionUtility::getTypoScriptFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TypoScript',
            ExtensionUtility::getTypoScriptFolder('t3v_core', 'EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Configuration/TypoScript',
            ExtensionUtility::typoscriptFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getResourcesFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getResourcesFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources',
            ExtensionUtility::getResourcesFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources',
            ExtensionUtility::getResourcesFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources',
            ExtensionUtility::resourcesFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getPrivateFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getPrivateFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private',
            ExtensionUtility::getPrivateFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private',
            ExtensionUtility::getPrivateFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private',
            ExtensionUtility::privateFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getLanguageFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getLanguageFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::getLanguageFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::getLanguageFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::languageFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getLocallangFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getLocallangFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallangFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::getLocallangFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::locallangFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'LLL:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Language',
            ExtensionUtility::lllFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getLayoutsFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getLayoutsFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Layouts',
            ExtensionUtility::getLayoutsFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Layouts',
            ExtensionUtility::getLayoutsFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Layouts',
            ExtensionUtility::layoutsFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getPartialsFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getPartialsFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Partials',
            ExtensionUtility::getPartialsFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Partials',
            ExtensionUtility::getPartialsFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Partials',
            ExtensionUtility::partialsFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getTemplatesFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getTemplatesFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Templates',
            ExtensionUtility::getTemplatesFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Templates',
            ExtensionUtility::getTemplatesFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Private/Templates',
            ExtensionUtility::templatesFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getPublicFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getPublicFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public',
            ExtensionUtility::getPublicFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public',
            ExtensionUtility::getPublicFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public',
            ExtensionUtility::publicFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getAssetsFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getAssetsFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Assets',
            ExtensionUtility::getAssetsFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Assets',
            ExtensionUtility::getAssetsFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Assets',
            ExtensionUtility::assetsFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getIconsFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getIconsFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Icons',
            ExtensionUtility::getIconsFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Icons',
            ExtensionUtility::getIconsFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Icons',
            ExtensionUtility::iconsFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getPlaceholdersFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getPlaceholdersFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Placeholders',
            ExtensionUtility::getPlaceholdersFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Placeholders',
            ExtensionUtility::getPlaceholdersFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Placeholders',
            ExtensionUtility::placeholdersFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }

    /**
     * Tests the `getSamplesFolder` function.
     *
     * @test
     */
    public function getSamplesFolder(): void
    {
        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Samples',
            ExtensionUtility::getSamplesFolder('t3v_core')
        );

        self::assertEquals(
            'FILE:EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Samples',
            ExtensionUtility::getSamplesFolder('t3v_core', 'FILE:EXT:')
        );

        // === Deprecated ===

        self::assertEquals(
            'EXT:t3v_core/Resources/Public/Samples',
            ExtensionUtility::samplesFolder('t3v_core')
        );
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Colombian-style, shredded boneless chicken mixed with sofrito sauce, seasoned yellow rice, peas, onions and red peppers. Served with maduros (fried sweet plantains).
Served with choice of rice. Dairy-free.
Chicken breast slowly cooked in Mama's special picante sauce.
Chicken breast slowly cooked with sofrito sauce.
Traditional Brazilian style empanada with ground beef, olives, onions and potatoes.
Ground beef cooked in traditional Latin spices with cheddar cheese.
Marinated pork, slowly roasted to perfection.
Mama's seafood stew with fresh tiger shrimp, and crab meat.
Chicken breast slow cooked with sofrito sauce.
With stuffing, cranberry and chipotle sauce, and gravy.
Mixed fresh fruit cocktail made with grapes, apples, watermelon, and bananas.
Made with milk and vanilla ice cream.
Scrambled eggs with tomatoes and scallions with white rice mixed with red beans and arepa.
6 oz. sirloin steak with fried eggs, and papas chorriadas, served with grilled baguette.
7-grain toast, topped with avocado, arugula, Parmesano cheese and cumin dressing.
Topped with mixed berry compote and guava syrup.
Sweet bread topped with maduros, walnuts, chocolate shavings and homemade chocolate sauce.
Scrambled egg, fried bean cake, ham, ranchero sauce, chipotle, cheddar, and guacamole.
Plantains and kielbasa sausage, spring onions, cilantro, and fried eggs topped with garlic and cheese dressing.
Open-faced omelet, chorizo, maduros, migas de arepa, diced avocado and cilantro.
2 eggs sunny side up on crispy tortillas with ranchero sauce, served with refried red beans and feta cheese. Spicy.
Scrambled eggs with melted cheddar cheese. Served with grilled hot dogs and home fries. Gluten free.
Open-faced omelet with top round steak strips, Spanish onion, red bell pepper, cheddar cheese and a Latin twist. Served with grilled baguette.
Open faced omelet mixed with sweet sausage, onions, bell peppers, cheddar cheese, tomato sauce, served with side salad and balsamic vinaigrette. Gluten free.
Scrambled eggs with tomatoes and scallions. Served with white rice mixed with red beans and half arepa.
Served with a hint of ginger. Vegetarian and low-fat.
Homemade Colombian-style oxtail soup. Prepared with yucca, green plantains, slices of corn on the cob, recaito, cilantro and onions with a side of rice. Dairy-free.
Field mushroom, spinach, watercress, jalapeno, red onion, blue cheese, cumin and burned jalapeno dressing. Spicy.
Avocado, cherry tomatoes, scallions, romaine lettuce, and crispy plantain chips, served with a coconut lime dressing.
Avocado, cucumbers, tomato, romaine and iceberg lettuces, cilantro and scallions with your choice of dressing.
Romaine lettuce, Kalamata olives, tomatoes, cucumbers, red onions, imported feta cheese and oregano with house vinaigrette.
Arugula, watercress, chicory and romaine, red onion, grapes, toasted walnuts, olive oil and red wine vinegar.
Small green salad includes cucumbers, tomatoes, romaine and iceberg lettuce, cilantro and scallions with house cumin dressing.
Kalamata olives, fresh mint, parsley, red onions. Served with fresh lime and olive oil dressing.
Fresh watermelon, feta cheese, kalamata olives, fresh mint, parsley, red onion, served with fresh lime and olive dressing.
Strips of grilled steak, chicken, fried arepa, yuca, chicharron, chorizo and green plantain.
House made plantain chips, pulled pork, cheddar cheese, black beans, and guacamole.
Spicy guava sauce, sour cream and guacamole.
Fried yucca served with spicy guava sauce and sour cream. Spicy.
Mashed fried green plantains and garlic puree.
Prawns, scallops, crab, shredded lettuce, dill and pickles.
Marinated pulled pork, Colombian spiced beans, avocado, feta, garlic sauce, and fresh cilantro.
Cilantro, sour cream, and smoked paprika.
3 per order. Slow cooked shredded pernil, pineapple, chipotle salsa, onion, and cilantro.
3 per order. Shredded beef, pomegranate mole, avocado, and aji picante.
Fried fresh pork belly with tostones and green and red salsa.
Served with arepa (griddle cake and lemon).
Mashed yuca dough with ground beef or oven roasted pork. Gluten free.
Served with mozzarella. Gluten free.
With lemon mushroom sauce and a splash of our albarino wine from Galicia, Spain.
Sauteed mushrooms and onions, salt and pepper, over a baguette topped with Brie cheese and parsley.
Slow roasted pork shoulder, ham, mozzarella, Swiss cheese, sofrito sauce, pickles, Dijon mustard, mayo and Mama's green sauce on a baguette. Served with house made potato chips.
Grilled Colombian pork sausage with beer battered onion rings and chimichurri sauce on a toasted baguette. Served with house made potato chips.
Grilled skirt steak with roasted garlic, aioli and salsa criolla (tomato, onion, pepper, vinegar and oil). Served with house made potato chips.
8 oz. burger, toasted bun, chipotle mayo, pickled jalapenos, lettuce, tomato, red onions, and avocado. Served with house made potato chips.
Grilled chicken breast, toasted bun, chipotle mayo, pickled jalapenos, lettuce, tomato, red onions, and avocado. Served with house made potato chips.
Slow roasted in bourbon BBQ sauce with pickles and coleslaw.
Homemade veggie bean patty, toasted bun, aioli, mustard and dill salad, red onion, tomato, and balsamic roasted portobello mushroom. Served with house made potato chips.
Colombian pork sausage, cheddar, eggs, Spanish onion and top round steak.
Top round steak, cheddar cheese, eggs, and Spanish onion.
Jerk marinated chicken with Swiss cheese.
Traditional mole (bitter chocolate and coffee), braised beef, black beans, and cheddar cheese. Spicy.
Mama's tomato sauce and cheese.
Slow-cooked beef marinated in traditional Colombian spices with onion.
Top round steak strips, mozzarella, red pepper, and Spanish onion with a Latin twist.
Slices of pepperoni with tomato sauce and mozzarella cheese.
Roasted Italian sweet pork sausage with red and green peppers, onions, mozzarella cheese and a touch of tomato sauce.
Ham with sauteed pineapples and mozzarella cheese.
Slow-roasted pork and ham with mozzarella cheese and a touch of sofrito sauce.
Caribbean style roast pork with sofrito seasoned yellow rice and pigeon peas.
Spicy and tangy marinated shredded chicken with blue cheese sauce.
Macaroni, cheddar cheese and bacon in a creamy cheese sauce.
Mama's ham and cheese melt.
Chipotle, red wine, and spice braised oxtail with maduros.
Shredded beef, sauerkraut, Russian dressing, Swiss cheese and caraway seeds. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Polish sausage kielbasa sauteed with sauerkraut. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Juicy, beef hot dog with cheddar cheese. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Ground beef and bacon cooked in bbq sauce with cheddar cheese and pickles. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Top round steak strips sauteed with a teriyaki sauce and broccoli. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Pieces of chicken breast sauteed with a teriyaki sauce and broccoli. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Mashed yucca dough stuffed with ground beef or oven-roasted pork. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Tomatoes, eggs and scallions. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Soy sauce-braised beef, carrots, bean sprouts, and spring onion. Spiced with clove and star anise.
Shredded chicken, coconut and peanut butter sauce.
Mama's tuna melt with cheddar cheese and jalapenos. Includes 1 green or red salsa. Spicy.
Mashed potatoes. cabbage, scallions, parsley, and mozzarella cheese. Includes 1 green or red salsa.
Oven roasted turkey ,stuffing and with gravy.
Mushrooms, cabbage and ginger with soy, scallions and cilantro.
Steamed potatoes, carrots and lima beans.
A Colombian corn empanada stuffed with mozzarella.
Mozzarella cheese and sauteed broccoli.
Roast pork, onions, peppers, cheddar, and BBQ sauce.
White rice and red beans.
Mama's seafood stew with fresh tiger shrimp and crab meat.
Slowly cooked ground beef with Latin-style spices and chili peppers. Spicy. Includes 1 green or red salsa. Gluten free.
Ground pork sausage with classic Latin herbs and spices. Includes 1 green or red salsa. Gluten free.
White rice and red beans. Includes 1 green or red salsa. Gluten free.
Sauteed portobello and white mushrooms with onions.
Classic Greek-style with spinach and feta.
Sauteed with sofrito sauce and red peppers.
Sauteed with onions, Latin herbs and spices.
Greek pork sausage in traditional Mediterranean spices.
Tomato, oregano, basil, red wine, lots of Parmesan and mozzarella.
Polish sausage (kielbasa) sauteed with sauerkraut and mustard.
Shredded beef, sauerkraut, Russian dressing, Swiss and caraway seeds.
Sweet corn griddle cake with melted mozzarella cheese.
Choose from our toppings to create your own arepa.
Sofrito-seasoned roast pork, Cuban-style black beans and mozzarella cheese.
Slowly cooked chicken breast in Mama's picante sauce.
Mama's delicious ham and cheese melt.
Top round steak strips with mozzarella, red pepper, and Spanish onion.
Colombian-style fresh shrimp mixed with sofrito sauce, seasoned yellow rice, peas, onions and carrots. Served with house salad.
Traditional homemade Colombian-style tamales wrapped in a banana leaf with choice of meat.
6 oz. grilled sirloin steak, chicharron, Colombian sausage, maduros, fried egg, avocado, white rice, red beans, and arepa.
Latin-style chicken stew cooked slowly in sofrito sauce, yellow peppers, potato and garlic. Served with rice.
Marinated chicken breast seasoned with traditional Latin herbs and spices. Served with rice, beans, salad and chimichurri sauce.
8 oz. Grilled sirloin marinated with traditional Latin herbs and spices. Served with rice, beans, salad and chimichurri sauce.
8 oz. Grilled skirt steak marinated with traditional Latin herbs and spices. Served with rice, beans, salad and chimichurri sauce.
Braised skirt steak cooked with yucca, potatoes, tomatoes, red peppers, onions and Colombian spices, served with rice, pico de gallo, and salad.
Center cut pork loin breaded and fried, cilantro and pickled jalapeno pesto with roasted plantain, cherry tomatoes topped with chipotle mayo.
Slow-roasted pork shoulder, ham, mozzarella, Swiss cheese, pickles, sofrito sauce, Dijon mustard, mayo and Mama's green sauce on a baguette.
Served with a side of white or yellow rice, black or red beans, salad and chimichurri sauce.
8 oz. burger, toasted bun, spicy chipotle mayo, spicy pickled jalapenos, lettuce, tomato, red onions, avocado. Served with homemade potato chips.
8 oz. grilled chicken breast, toasted bun, spicy chipotle mayo, spicy pickled jalapenos, lettuce, tomato, red onions and avocado. Served with homemade potato chips.
Strips of grilled steak, chicken, fried arepa, yuca, chicharron, chorizo, and green plantain.
Made by Mama in-house. Spicy.
House made blueberry jam, panela and cinnamon sugar, vanilla ice cream.
With homemade bittersweet chocolate sauce.
Served with dulce de leche and bittersweet chocolate sauce.
Watermelon, apples, oranges and grapes.
Ripe figs, caramel and cheese.
Warm caramel and mozzarella. Wheat empanada.
Wheat empanada. Melted Belgian chocolate and bananas.
Mashed sweet plantains with mozzarella.
Shredded coconut, dulce de leche, and bittersweet chocolate sauce.


Pan Asia Bank ceremonially opened its 81st branch in Kaduwela on 24 November at No. 508/4, Avissawella Road, Kaduwela. The Director and Chief Executive Officer of Pan Asia Bank Dimantha Senevirathna was the Chief Guest at the opening. The Senior Management of the bank, members of the business community and customers in the area were among the other distinguished guests. The Pan Asia Bank Kaduwela branch is headed by Danushka Wijesinghe. The branch will be open from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. on weekdays and from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. on Saturdays.


Yesterday, 17 December 2014, advance copies of my book 'A Word Before Leaving' became available in print from publisher Matador and bookshops in the UK. International readers can buy from Create Space or Amazon.com. It is also available worldwide from Kindle.
A Word Before Leaving, which is the distillation of my work in diplomacy and foreign affairs since 1951, has been warmly endorsed both by diplomat Sir Crispin Tickell GCMG and by international journalist John Pilger.


text:
Hannibal in the Alps Preview
Preview: Season 17 Episode 2 | Video has closed captioning.
Follow a team of experts as they solve the enduring mystery of exactly where Hannibal and his troops crossed the Alps to launch a surprise attack on Rome.
SECRETS OF THE DEAD is made possible, in part, by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and by public television viewers.
Watch while you can!
What's Streaming in January!
Check out what's streaming on Secrets of the Dead.


Definition - What does Moved To Atlanta mean?
Moved to Atlanta is a slang term for the HTTP 404 error message. It is used for any Web page that is not found on a requested domain, website or server and returns a 404 message.
Moved to Atlanta is also known as a 404 error, page not found error or file not found error.
The "moved to Atlanta" term is derived from the telephone area code 404, which covers Atlanta, Georgia and the city's close suburbs.
A browser displays a 404 or page not found error when a website requested by a user cannot be found. The requested page may be unavailable for various reasons. For example, it may be permanently moved or deleted or have restricted access.


text:
Grandfather, 7-month-old missing from St. Pete are safe
FOX 13 Tampa Bay
ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. (FOX 13) - St. Petersburg police tell us the missing persons report involving Sevyn Griffin and Alvin Burden Jr. has been resolved and the pair is no longer considered endangered.
St. Petersburg police are trying to find a grandfather and his 7-month-old grandson, who were last seen Friday morning.
Sevyn Griffin and his grandfather, 59-year-old Alvin Burden Jr. were last seen early Friday morning dropping off Griffin's grandmother in the 2400 block of 5th St. S. in St. Petersburg.
Police said they were driving a dark blue 2010 Chevy Traverse, with a crack in its left rear bumper and Florida license plate is BSE F56.
"No one has seen them since this morning, so we are asking anyone who has seen or come in contact with Sevyn and his grandfather, Alvin Burden Jr. today, to please give us a call," St. Pete police said.
Police said they could have left St. Petersburg and have family in Tampa.
Anyone with information should contact the St. Petersburg Police department at 728-893-7780.
Young white rhino shot and killed at Wild Florida safari park days before grand reveal


TransCanada Corp. was sued by Nebraska landowners in a new bid to block the Keystone XL pipeline a week after the state's highest court rebuffed an attempt to void the approved path across the state, a leg that would complete the route from Alberta oilsands to Gulf Coast refineries.
Dual complaints were filed Friday against the Calgary-based company in state courts in York and O'Neill, Neb., by David Domina, the lawyer whose prior effort to halt construction of the 1,897-kilometre conduit was defeated by a cadre of judges who ruled his clients hadn't established their legal right to sue.
The earlier lawsuit was aimed at now-former Republican Gov. Dave Heineman, whom the landowners claimed was illegally given the authority by lawmakers approve the Keystone XL route. The new cases target the company trying to build it, and its right to appropriate property in its path.
"We believe TransCanada does not have a lawful route across the state," and no right to use the power of eminent domain, Domina said Friday in a phone interview.
While President Barack Obama has voiced opposition to the project, citing its potentially adverse effects on the environment, Republican leaders in both houses of Congress have pledged to force the issue. The administration has control of the matter because the proposed pipeline crosses an international boundary.
The U.S. House of Representatives last week voted in favor of Keystone. While legislation has cleared the U.S. Senate's Energy Committee, it hasn't yet been brought to the chamber floor for a full vote.
One of the suing property owners, Susan Dunavan, had been a plaintiff in the previous case.
"Plaintiffs have ownership interests in real estate defendants intend, by their own declarations, to take from plaintiffs by using the power of eminent domain," according to the complaint she and three other people filed Friday at the York County courthouse. The other complaint, lodged in the Holt County court in O'Neill, contains an identical allegation.
As in the prior case, the attorney and his clients seek a ruling that the underlying legislation violates Nebraska's constitution, which they say reserves control over pipeline projects in the state for its Public Service Commission.
"As a result of the Nebraska Supreme Court's decision, we continue to have a valid and approved route through the state," he said. TransCanada has acquired easements from 84 percent of its needed landowners in that state, Cooper said.
The cases are Dunavan v. TransCanada Keystone Pipeline LP, D17CI150000012, York Count, Nebraska, District Court (York); and Byron v. TransCanada Keystone Pipeline LP, D36CI50000006, Holt County, Nebraska, District Court (O'Neill).


Lifeguards who fail to act when swimmers are in danger negligently place people at risk and can be held liable for their failure to provide assistance. Just because a lifeguard is present doesn't mean people are swimming in safe waters. Serious accidents when lifeguards are on duty are an all too common event.
It is estimated that more than 10 people each day die from drowning. Of these, more than 20% of fatalities involve the death of a child under the age of 15. Nationwide, it is estimated that each year more than 100 drownings occur when a lifeguard is present. Of all childhood drowning fatalities, over 60% occur within swimming pools and not in open water. This makes swimming in a pool more dangerous than boating or a summertime swim at the beach.
Lifeguards give swimmers a false sense of security. The presence of a lifeguard does not mean a pool is safe. The lifeguard can become distracted or there may be too many people in the pool for the lifeguard to see a drowning swimmer. Moreover, the lifeguard can be impaired, engaging in other work-related duties, engaging in conversations or sending text messages, or simply be away from the pool when a swimmer needs assistance.
Lifeguards can also be overworked which can lead to fatigue. The problem is especially pronounced during warmer weather months and high-traffic periods when more people use the pool. Fatigue is one of the most common causes of lifeguards failing to act when swimmers are in danger. If lifeguards are not properly rotated or given sufficient breaks at regular intervals, they can lose focus and miss swimmers who are in danger. While lifeguards can be held liable for their failure to act, so too can an employer who fails to adequately train, properly monitor, and efficiently schedule lifeguards within the swimming facility.
Drownings are preventable when trained lifeguards perform their duties. When swimmers are in trouble, lifeguards have a duty to act that includes rescuing the swimmer from danger and performing CPR and other first aid services until medical personnel arrives on the scene. When lifeguards are properly trained to do their duty, drowning rates drop dramatically.


text:
Rally a flop, take responsibility, don't shift blame: Harin to Namal
United National Party spokesperson Harin Fernando has stated that the Joint Opposition's Janabalaya protest was a flop and its main organizer Namal Rajapakse must take responsibility for its failure. He must not shift responsibility by pointing fingers at the Government.
He was speaking at the UNP headquarters. He stated that the organizers of the Janabalaya Kolambata rally were trying to pin blame of food poisoning on UNP Deputy Ministers Nalin Bandara and Mujibur Rahuman, in an attempt to deflect public attention from the failures at the rally. It is disappointing that Namal Rajapaksa is trying to put the blame of the failure of the rally on the UNP, through this milk packet incident.
He said: "For all the issues, Namal Rajapaksa should take responsibility. We condemn that he is blaming the UNP and trying to provoke racism and hatred among different party supporters. Namal has reduced the once strong JO to nothing - we are thankful to Namal for what he did.
They picked the Muslim MP out of us all to accuse, there too they are trying to bring in racism, now you can figure out who was behind the Ampara incident involving alleged sterilisation pills. They are now trying to create a friction between people, to spread hatred among people in the village saying the UNP supporters tried poisoning SLFP supporters. Namal is trying to cover his lack of capacity as a politician by creating friction among people and communities."


text:
Homelessness in LA-LA Land Los Angeles getting WORSE under Democrats who blame the GOP for "ignoring the NEEDY"
Friday, December 29, 2017 by: JD Heyes
Tags: Alt-Left, California, Collapse, Collapsifornia, democrats, economic collapse, homelessness, hypocrites, Los Angeles, Marxism, no compassion, political values, poverty, Socialist, stupid, tax cuts, unemployment
(Natural News) After reading this story, my hope is you'll never let another lying Democratic politician tell you that their party is the "party of compassion" and the "party of empowerment" for the needy.
In fact, like every other socialist-Marxist political movement in history — the very same economic and political philosophies now practiced exclusively by the party of the donkey — such school of thought has once again produced nothing but hardship, hopelessness, and misery for tens of thousands of people living in Los Angeles.
As reported by the U.K.'s Daily Mail, a recent drive through a "skid row" section of the city captured by automobile dash cam a video of filthy, wretched, poverty and homelessness on Christmas Day, no less, proving yet again that the far-Left socioeconomic policies of Democratic "leaders" are not compassionate, not productive, and do not lead to "better lives" for all concerned.
The video captured what looked like scenes straight out of AMC's hit series "The Walking Dead" — bags of trash and other litter lined up along, and strewn across streets; tents massed in clusters which 'house' scores of people at night; directionless residents shuffling aimlessly about, including in the middle of the street.
"This is what Christmas Day looked like for thousands of homeless people in the dark and dingy underbelly of Downtown Los Angeles this year," the Daily Mail noted, adding that the three-minute clip was published on Instagram by LA street artist Plastic Jesus, then on LiveLeak by Nick Stern in the "Citizen Journalism" video category.
The video, the paper's online edition said, depicts the "brutal reality of life on the street for some 20,000 people in the notorious Skid Row district." The video was shot on 5th Street, 6th Street and San Pedro St.
Some of the country's poorest citizens live this life every day, in fact, and many living there are women and children, two constituencies to which high-and-mighty Democrats claim to have corned the market. What's more, this part of L.A. is widely considered to be one of the most dangerous places to live in the city.
"A lucky few will find food and somewhere warm to sleep at shelters and rescue missions," the Daily Mail reported. "But many are left to navigate the industrial sprawl and smoke alone."
In June, a report titled, "No Place to Go," claimed that roughly 2,000 people are forced to share nine toilets.
That's one toilet for more than 220 people.
That's about the same people-to-toilet ratio as most third-world countries throughout the Global South.
How's that for liberal Democratic "compassion?"
Meanwhile, some of the same Democrat charlatans who claim they "care more" about poor people just like those living on L.A.'s streets have ravaged President Donald J. Trump and Republicans for daring — daring, mind you — to allow more Americans to keep their hard-earned money so they don't wind up living in some hellhole created by Marxist policies. (Related: All The Things Progressives Love To Buy Are Destroying The Planet And Increasing Human Suffering.)
The tax cuts you've heard about have not all gone to "big corporations." In fact, as even Left-wing Newsweek has had to admit, "on net, most Americans will see a significant tax cut" under the plan that was enacted.
Meanwhile, Democrat-run cities and states continue to make conditions worse for those on the lower economic rungs, with higher taxes and no-growth policies — while, of course, feathering their own nests and padding their own bottom lines.
Noted the Daily Mail: "The rising cost of rent and housing in California is also forcing middle class residents into alternative accommodation. Workers end up living in their cars by the roadside and hundreds of people — including nurses and chefs — sleep in parking lots in affluent areas like Santa Barbara."
While not all Republican policies are great either, don't you dare let a Left-wing Democrat ever again tell you that their party is the "party of the little guy and gal" and the "party of compassion."
Far from it. L.A. is proof.
J.D. Heyes is a senior writer for NaturalNews.com and NewsTarget.com, as well as editor of The National Sentinel.
TheNationalSentinel.com
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https://www.naturalnews.com/2017-12-29-homelessness-in-la-la-land-los-angeles-getting-worse-under-democrats-who-blame-the-gop-for-ignoring-the-needy.html
Homelessness in LA-LA Land Los Angeles getting WORSE under Democrats who blame the GOP for "ignoring the NEEDY"


text:
In bookbinding, inlays and onlays are pieces of leather adhered to the cover of a book, usually differing in color, grain, or both from the main covering leather.  While they are complementary techniques, and may appear similar in their final forms, they are distinct in how they are constructed.

Inlays

Leather inlays, which are similar in form to  inlays in woodworking, are shaped pieces of leather the same thickness as the covering leather on a book.  A piece of leather the same shape, size, and thickness as the inlay is removed from the covering leather, and the inlay is placed into the resulting space.  The edge of the inlay can be tooled, in which case the edge of the inlay is beveled, with the skin side of the leather slightly larger than the flesh side.  This gives a smooth, well-supported surface for the impressions of the finishing tools.

Onlays

Often mistaken for inlays, onlays are thin pieces of leather (often less than 0.2 mm) which are adhered over the covering leather on a book.  Because of their thinness, onlays are not noticeably raised from the surface of the covering leather.  Onlays are adhered to the covering leather with paste or PVA, and their edges are usually, though not universally, tooled over in order to hide any minor irregularities.  They are often added to the spine of a book, containing the title and author's name.

References

Petraki V, Antoniadou M, Koniaris A, Sakellaropoulos O, Aivaliotis S. Polymeric onlays. A restorative solution with perspective. Clinical and laboratory procedures. Hellenic Stomatological Review 2013;57(3):195-218.

Bookbinding


The budget allowed for the purchase and outfitting of a new police car at $37,500, a police department fund of. percent market adjustment raise for city employees. Property taxes: 65.5 cents. Total.
It didn't dawn on me at that time that there's another program that would help her reduce the cost of her medical insurance t.
What would you say is your most valuable financial asset: your house, your car, your retirement account. consumer advocates try to hammer home the importance of long-term disability insurance, whic.
Drivers of the most dangerous car in American. comprises insurance, legal liability and accounts for family grief and his suffering. The number assumes a random and unpreventable accident. In the m.
That description goes like this: "It's like traveling along the highway on a beautiful, sunny day, enjoying the scenery or th.
In 2016, more than 200,000 drivers ages 65 and older were injured in a traffic crash and more. avoid waiting until there a.
"I was so embarrassed," Simmons, 65, said, breaking into tears and sobbing. "We were just getting by. It was a struggle, a real struggle." Disability insurance would ensure. own both a medallion an.
no coverage over 65. Trip interruption/flight delay insurance — this gives you up to $500 to spend on accommodations and/or food if your flight is delayed four hours or more (something you won't get f.
When Frank quit driving, my brother was able to buy that Chevrolet, probably because our grandfather was a second cousin to F.
If you're over 65 and looking for travel insurance policies that cover you for annual, multi trip and pre-existing medical conditions then you should consider our.
There are a few good things about turning 65. In some states, people who are 65 or older don't have to serve on a jury. Or have their car emissions checked. I am a licensed insurance agent speciali.
We save for that first car. life insurance, and long-term care insurance as well as advanced estate planning. Edward holds California Life-Only and Accident and Health licenses (#0C16747), and hold.
No. 862: Cuddle Clones, 583 percent growth, $2.5 million total revenue, online retailer No. 1028: Ladder Now, 478 percent gro.
However, you'll finally be able to ditch that high-deductible health insurance plan and get much more comprehensive coverage under Medicare. So it's worth the cost. At age 65, plan on paying. I acc.


Mary sings her visionary heart songs in the spirit of ceremony, with the prayer for healing and awakening, and to uplift and empower those who listen.
Her lyrical and poetic expressions of the universal human experience embraces the mystical and inspires Remembrance of our true purpose and meaning in Life.
She was born in Santa Cruz California and then relocated with her family at age twelve to Big Island Hawaii where she immersed herself in surfing, teaching herself guitar & ukulele, and studying Biology. She started performing with other artists in 2007 (She was one of original members of Medicine for the People) and recording her own music on the side. In 2013 she released her first official album "Nectarian" and since then she has released four more albums and has traveled the world. Her music receives much gratitude and praise, bringing healing and transformation to many across the globe. On her quest for Truth and Self Realization, she delves deep in the study of Nature, Consciousness and Sound. She continues to produce sacred music from her home studio and also creates healing botanicals. She offers her music at select venues, private retreats and festivals on the West Coast, Hawaii and Beyond!
Listen to Mary Isis now.


Manufactured from injection moulded plastic and anodised aluminium frame can be collapsed quickly and easily with one hand operation.
Available to order on short delivery times, the plastic/aluminium folding trolley with box & tray 60kg cap is a highly functional product.
The trolleys are manufactured using injected moulded plastic to ensure the strongest possible finish and are supplied with an anodised aluminium frame for additional robustness. The frame can be collapsed easily and quickly using just one hand, making this trolley a very useful product where space is limited. The addition of a folding box adds to its functionality, while the upper tray of the trolley has hinges so that bulky items can be stored on the lower tray alone.
The plastic/aluminium folding trolley with box & tray 60kg cap has many potential uses, while its light weight; the trolley and box weigh a total of only 7kg, making it easy to move around. In addition to providing these trolleys for use by their staff, some retail outlets might find it advantageous to make them available to their customers. For example, DIY stores or garden centres selling products that are heavy or bulky might wish to provide them alongside the more traditional type of shopping trolley.
The overall dimensions of the trolley, are 1030mm high x 550mm wide x 890mm long, make it very easy to store. If storage space is particularly limited, the wheels can be unclipped and attached to the base, making the trolley even more compact.
These trolleys have been manufactured to meet the European GS Standard.
E359286 - The trolly is perfect for transporting our merchandise and leaflets to events around campus.
E359286 - Very useful to a partially-disabled elderly person. The only trolley I could find with the box to hold items at a height which does not require bending and lifting.
GC051Y - Use to move equipment & heavy articles about. Tell other depts. Product excellent value.


GEORGIA May Foote has turned up the heat with her latest exposé.
The former Coronation Street and Strictly Come Dancing star showed off her pert booty in a cheeky new post.
Georgia May Foote used her Instagram story feature for the racy reveal.
The actress, who played Katy Armstrong in Corrie up until 2015, put her rear centre-stage in a naughty video.
Georgia, 28, was seen holding up her phone to a mirror to capture the scene as she donned some skintight jeans.
She also was wearing a risqué strapless top as she posed with a male pal.
Meanwhile, her dark locks were styled into a chic ponytail.
Later on in the online clip, her male companion even gave her a pat on the booty as she giggled.
It is currently thought that Georgia is dating musician Kris Evans.
However, the pair have no images of each other on social media currently.
Georgia previously dated Strictly pro Giovanni Pernice – with the pair meeting when she appeared on the BBC show back in 2015.
After Corrie and Strictly, Georgia starred in Sky One comedy Trollied in 2016.
She is also set to appear in short film Queen of Diamonds, which is set to be released this May.
Seems like she's got a busy year ahead of her.
NEIGHBOURS is set to be rocked by a savage revenge attack.
EASTENDERS viewers think they've worked out a major plot line way ahead of producers' expectations.


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Q: Color markers to match stroke paint in Inkscape 0.91 The new version of Inkscape 0.91 doesn't have the Extensions -> Modify Path -> Color Markers to Match Stroke anymore. How do you color markers to match stroke in 0.91?

A: They should just take the stroke color automatically.
After upgrading to 0.91 it first didn't seem to work for me but that was because I had selected one of the "pre-colored" markers that show up  in the marker list. After selecting one of the regular markers (below the horizontal line) it worked just fine.

A: Until they fix the bug, you can copy the old 'Modify Path -> Color Markers to Match Stroke' extension from inkscape 0.41 to the extension folder of your 0.91 version. This will allow you to use this extension again.
1- download inkscape's source code here:
2- extract the .7z file you just downloaded and go to the folder inkscape/share/extensions/ inside the extracted data.
3- copy the files markers_strokepaint.inx and markers_strokepaint.py to your extension directory. See here how to find your extension folder
4- close all instances of inkscape and start again. You should get this important extension back. =D

A: It seems to be a confirmed bug.
If you login in launchpad you can click on the green link to show that it also affects you, that will give priority to the developers to fix it.

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