text:
\section{Introduction}

The $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ and
$^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ reactions play important
roles in astrophysics. The former process is an important ingredient in
big-bang nucleosynthesis, while the latter one is a key reaction in the
solar p-p (proton-proton) chains. The
$^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ reaction produces $^7$Be
in our Sun, which is destroyed by either the capture of an electron or
a proton in the $^7{\rm Be}(p,\gamma){^8{\rm B}}$ process.
In both cases, neutrinos are generated which are observable by
terrestrial detectors and thus contribute to the solar neutrino problems
\cite{Bahcall}. The production rate of $^7$Be in the Sun is determined
by the competition  of the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$
and $^3{\rm He}({^3{\rm He}},2p){^4{\rm He}}$ reactions. Therefore,
the precise knowledge of these cross sections at the most effective
solar energies ($\approx$$\,20$ keV) is an important input to
solar models and to the possible solution of the solar neutrino problems.

There exist several measurements on the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},
\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ cross section down to energies of about 100 keV. From
these data, the reaction rate at solar energies is obtained by
extrapolation. The $^3{\rm He}+{^4{\rm He}}$ fusion reaction at low
energies is usually viewed as an approximate external capture process
\cite{Christy}. Thus, the energy dependence of the cross section can then
be obtained from a simple $^3{\rm He}+{^4{\rm He}}$ potential model, which
in fact reproduces the energy dependence of the measured data rather well.
The most recent compilation of the data quotes the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm
He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ cross section as $S_{34}(0)=0.53\pm 0.05$ keVb
\cite{Adelberger}, where the rather small uncertainty mainly reflects
differences in the absolute normalization of the cross section. As
customary, we have used the standard S-factor parametrization of the cross
section (the subscript `34' stands for $^3{\rm He}+{^4{\rm He}}$)
\begin{equation}
S(E)=\sigma (E)E\exp{\Big [2\pi\eta (E)\Big ]}, \hskip 0.5cm
\eta (E)={{\mu Z_1Z_2e^2}\over{k\hbar^2}},
\end{equation}
where $Z_1$ and $Z_2$ are the charge numbers of the fragments in the
incoming channel, while $\mu$ and $k$ are their reduced mass and wave
number, respectively.

There exist also more elaborate theoretical studies of the
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ and
$^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ reactions in the
literature, which are based on the resonating group method or the
related microscopic potential model
\cite{Walliser,Langanke,Mertelmeier,Kajino,Kajinoastro,Altmeyer,Mohr}.
These microscopic studies, based on a single $^3{\rm He}+{^4{\rm He}}$
fragmentation, yield an energy dependence of the
$^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ cross section, which is
similar to the potential models. Furthermore as a success of these
approaches, they correctly predicted \cite{Kajino,Langanke} the low-energy
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ cross section in absolute
normalization and energy dependence, which has been subsequently
confirmed by the precision measurement of Brune {\it et al.} \cite{Brune}.

Why do we then want to study these low-energy reactions again? Despite
its apparently successful agreement with data, the dependence of the
cross section on the enlargement of the model space has not been
yet established. A first attempt has been made by Mertelmeier and Hofmann
\cite{Mertelmeier} who included additionally a $^6{\rm Li}+p$ configuration
in their model space. This multichannel RGM calculation shows a
somewhat increased S-factor compared to the single-channel case, while the
rise towards lower energies is reduced. Given the
astrophysical relevance it is important to determine whether this weaker
energy dependence is physical or an artifact caused by the approximate
treatment of the asymptotic Whittaker functions in the bound states.
Second, we have found in Ref.\ \cite{B8rad} that taking into account the
$^6{\rm Li}+p$ clusterization changes some of the key properties of the
$^7$Be bound states considerably. For example, the $^7$Be quadrupole moment
is increased by about $0.5-1.0$ $e$fm$^2$ if the $^6{\rm Li}+p$
configuration is added to the dominant $^3{\rm He}+{^4{\rm He}}$
clusterization.

In the present work we study the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{
\rm Be}}$ and $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ reactions in an
extended two-cluster model, which can take into account the $^6{\rm
Li}+p/n$ clusterization, in addition to the more important $^4{\rm
He}+{^3{\rm He}}/{^3{\rm H}}$ configurations. Our main goal is to explore
how much the energy dependence of the low-energy $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},
\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ cross section is affected by the addition of the
$^6{\rm Li}+p$ configuration. The simultaneous study of the
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ reaction serves as a
potential check, as in this case the low-energy cross section is
known rather well.

\section{Model}

Our study of the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ and
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ reactions is based on the
microscopic cluster model. As a model space we adopt the dominant
$^4{\rm He}+{^3{\rm He}}/{^3{\rm H}}$ clusterization, to which the
$^6{\rm Li}+p/n$ configuration is added as well. For comparison, we also
perform calculations based solely on the $^4{\rm He}+{^3{\rm He}}/{^3{\rm
H}}$ clusterization; in this case our studies correspond to the microscopic
calculations presented in
\cite{Walliser,Langanke,Mertelmeier,Kajino,Kajinoastro,Altmeyer,Mohr}.
Our wave functions thus have the general form
\begin{equation}
\Psi^{J^\pi}_{^7{\rm Be}}={\cal A}\bigg\{\Big [\Big[\Phi^\alpha\Phi^h
\Big]_{1/2}\chi_L(\mbox{\boldmath $\rho $}_1)\Big ]_{JM}\bigg\}+
\sum_{L,S}{\cal A}\bigg\{\Big [\Big[\Phi^{^6{\rm Li}}\Phi^p\Big]_S
\chi_L(\mbox{\boldmath $\rho $}_2)\Big ]_{JM}\bigg\}
\label{be7}
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\Psi^{J^\pi}_{^7{\rm Li}}={\cal A}\bigg\{\Big [\Big[\Phi^\alpha\Phi^t
\Big]_{1/2}\chi_L(\mbox{\boldmath $\rho $}_1)\Big ]_{JM}\bigg\}+
\sum_{L,S}{\cal A}\bigg\{\Big [\Big[\Phi^{^6{\rm Li}}\Phi^n\Big]_S
\chi_L(\mbox{\boldmath $\rho $}_2)\Big ]_{JM}\bigg\}.
\label{li7}
\end{equation}
Here ${\cal A}$ is the intercluster antisymmetrizer,
the  internal cluster states $\Phi$ are translationally
invariant harmonic oscillator shell model states ($\alpha
=$~$^4$He, $h =$~$^3$He, and $t =$~$^3$H), the \mbox{\boldmath $\rho $}
vectors are the various intercluster Jacobi coordinates,
$L$ and $S$ are the total orbital angular momentum and spin, respectively,
$J$ is the total angular momentum, and [...] denotes angular momentum
coupling. The spin-parity of the $^6$Li ground state is $1^+$, and the
total parity is $\pi=(-1)^L$. Using (\ref{be7}) or (\ref{li7}) in the
seven-nucleon Schr\"odinger equation, we arrive at an equation
for the intercluster relative motion functions $\chi$. These equations must
be solved with high precision up to large $\rho$ value, because the
electromagnetic transition strengths are shifted towards
large $\rho$ at the
low solar energies. For the $\alpha+h/t$ scattering we neglect the $^6{\rm
Li}$ channels and solve the relative-motion equations by using the
variational Kohn-Hulth\'en method \cite{Kamimura}. For the bound states we
use a version of the so-called Siegert variational method, which was first
applied in cluster model calculations by Fiebig and Weiguny \cite{Fiebig}.
In this method the relative motions $\chi$ are expanded in terms of square
integrable functions (Gaussians in our case) plus a term with the correct
asymptotics.

We study only E1 transitions here. After setting up the initial scattering
wave functions and final bound states, the E1 cross section is calculated
\cite{Mertelmeier,Baye} as
\begin{equation}
\sigma (E) = \sum_{J_i,J_f} {{1}\over{2}}
{{16\pi}\over{9\hbar}}\left ({{E_\gamma}\over{\hbar c}}\right )^{3}
\sum_{L_\omega}(2L_\omega+1)^{-1}
\vert \langle \Psi^{J_f} \vert \vert {\cal
M}_1^E \vert \vert
\Psi^{J_i}_{L_\omega} \rangle \vert ^2,
\label{sigma}
\end{equation}
where ${\cal M}_1^E$ is the electric dipole ($E1$) transition operator,
$\omega$ represents the entrance channel, $E_\gamma$ is the photon energy,
and $J_f$ and $J_i$ are the total spin of the final and initial state,
respectively. The initial wave function $\Psi^{J_i}_{L_\omega}$ is a partial
wave of a unit-flux scattering wave function.

\section{Results}

Meaningful cluster calculations of the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},
\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ and $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$
reactions within our chosen model space of $\alpha+h/t$ and $^6{\rm
Li}+p/n$ configurations should satisfy the following conditions: (i)
the experimental value of the $^7{\rm Be}/{^7{\rm Li}}$ ground state energy
with respect to the $\alpha+h/t$ threshold must be reproduced; (ii) the
experimental value of the spin-orbit splitting between the $3/2^-$ and
$1/2^-$ states in $^7{\rm Be}/{^7{\rm Li}}$ has to be correct; (iii) in the
extended model spaces the $^6{\rm Li}+p/n$ threshold must be at the right
position, relative to $\alpha+h/t$. Besides calculations for the
extended model space $\{\alpha+h/t;{^6{\rm Li}}+p/n\}$, we also perform
studies in the single-channel $\alpha+h/t$ model space, corresponding to
the previous calculations (e.g.\ \cite{Kajino,Altmeyer}). In the later
case only constraints (i) and (ii) have been fulfilled by adjustments of
the NN interaction.

The internal structure of the $^6$Li cluster is described
in our model as an $\alpha+d$ clusterization with an $s$-wave
deuteron and $l=0$ relative motion between the $\alpha$ and $d$
clusters. Varying the size parameters of the $\alpha$ and $d$ clusters
inside $^6$Li should allow us to satisfy condition (iii), while the
other two conditions can be met by fine-tuning the effective
nucleon-nucleon interaction. In our previous multicluster study of the
$^7{\rm Be}(p,\gamma){^8{\rm B}}$ reaction, the Minnesota (MN)
force \cite{MN} has been identified as the most reliable
interaction. Therefore we will also use it in the present calculation,
even at the expense that it slightly overestimates the total cross
sections for both reactions studied here. In the MN interaction, the
exchange mixture parameter ($u$) and spin-orbit strength are those
parameters that are slightly varied. Additionally, we perform calculations
with the MHN interaction \cite{MHN} which, as shown by Kajino, reproduces
the measured cross section data for both reactions in a single-channel
$\alpha+h/t$ model quite well.

Choosing the cluster size parameter
$\beta =0.4$ fm$^{-2}$ and by fine-tuning the MN interaction
we have exactly reproduced the binding energies of the two bound states
in $^7$Be and $^7$Li with respect to the $\alpha$+h/t threshold.
This leads to $u=1.049$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-27.85$ MeV,
$u=1.044$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-26.7$ MeV, $u=1.008$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-35.94$ MeV,
and $u=0.998$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-36.8$ MeV, respectively for the exchange
mixture parameter of the central force and the strength of the spin-orbit
force in the cases of one-channel $^7$Li, two-channel $^7$Li, one-channel
$^7$Be, and two-channel $^7$Be, respectively.
For the $^6$Li binding energy we calculate 1.43 MeV, to be compared
with the experimental value of 1.475 MeV \cite{Ajzenberg}. In the case of
the MHN interaction, by choosing $\beta=0.56$ fm$^{-2}$ and fine-tuning the
$m$ parameter in the Gaussian of medium-size range (the sum of the Wigner
and Majorana parameters is kept fixed at the original MHN value), we
reproduce the binding energies in $^7$Be and $^7$Li, while, however, the
$^6{\rm Li}+p/n$ threshold energy is overestimated by about 1.5 MeV,
relative to $\alpha+h/t$; i.e.\ condition (iii) cannot be satisfied. The
corresponding potential parameters, following the same order as above, are
$m=0.399$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-854.6$ MeV, $m=0.444$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-1393$
MeV, $m=0.399$ and $V_{\rm SO}=-840.4$ MeV, and $m=0.450$ and
$V_{\rm SO}=-1450$ MeV, respectively, where $V_{\rm SO}$ is the
strength of the long-range spin-orbit force.

In the partial waves which contribute significantly to the capture cross
sections, our interactions give generally more repulsive higher-energy
phase shifts than those indicated by phenomenological analyses.
As an example, we show our $^4{\rm He}+{^3{\rm He}}$ phase shifts in Fig.\
\ref{fig1}. It is particularly noteworthy that the phase shifts are more
repulsive in the two-channel calculations than in the one-channel case. This
is related to the fact that the point-nucleon matter radius of the combined
nucleus increases by the enlargement of the model space (see Tables
\ref{tab1} and \ref{tab2} below).
\begin{figure}[tb]
\centerline{\psfig{file=fig1.ps,width=7cm}}
\caption{$^4{\rm He}+{^3{\rm He}}$ scattering phase shifts in the
$J^\pi=1/2^+$ (filled circle), $3/2^+$ (filled triangle), and $5/2^+$ (open
circle) partial waves. The solid (short-dashed) and long-dashed
(dot-dashed) curves show the results obtained with the MN (MHN) interaction
for the $\alpha+h$ and $\{\alpha+h;{^6{\rm Li}}+p\}$ model spaces,
respectively. The calculated phase shifts in the $3/2^+$ and $5/2^+$
partial waves nearly coincide. The data are taken from \cite{Tombrello}.}
\label{fig1}
\end{figure}

The  S-factors, calculated for the extended and single-channel model spaces
and both interactions, are compared to the data in Fig.\ \ref{fig2}. As
mentioned above, in the single-channel case the MN interaction overestimates
the low-energy $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ and
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ reactions, while the MHN force
agrees with the data quite well. However, more importantly for the present
study, the extended model space yields noticeably larger S-factors than in
the single-channel model (the reason for this increase will be discussed
below) for both interactions. But we also note that the slope of the
low-energy S-factor changes slightly when comparing the results for the
two model spaces. This finding can be quantified by the value of
$S^{-1}dS/dE\,(0)$ which decreases from $-0.53$ ($-0.56$) MeV$^{-1}$ to
$-0.56$ ($-0.63$) MeV$^{-1}$ for the MN (MHN) interaction in the case
of the $^3{\rm He}+{^4{\rm He}}$ fusion reaction, if we add the $^6{\rm Li}+p$
configuration. This result is our first indication that the  reaction
cannot be treated as a totally external process. As a consequence, the
usual strategy to adopt the energy dependence of a potential model S-factor
and normalize it to the measured data becomes slightly questionable as it
explicitly assumes that the model differs from the data only by the
asymptotic normalization constant.
\begin{figure}[tb]
\centerline{\psfig{file=fig2.ps,width=13.2cm}}
\caption{Comparison of the calculated astrophysical S-factor $S(E)$ of
the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ (a) and
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ (b) reactions with data.
The solid (short-dashed) and long-dashed (dot-dashed) curves show the
results obtained with the MN (MHN) interaction for the $\alpha+h/t$ and
$\{\alpha+h/t;{^6{\rm Li}}+p/n\}$ model spaces, respectively. The $^7$Be
and $^7$Li experimental data are taken from \cite{Be7exp} and \cite{Brune},
respectively (the symbols follow the notation of Ref.\
\protect\cite{Adelberger}).}
\label{fig2}
\end{figure}

In order to explore the origin of the cross section changes between the
extended and single-channel model spaces, we employ a strategy already
applied in \cite{Kajino} and, for the $^7{\rm Be}(p,\gamma){^8{\rm B}}$
reaction, in \cite{B8rad}. Using the MN interaction for this exploration we
repeat the calculations for different cluster size parameters ($\beta=0.48$
and 0.56 fm$^{-2}$) and try to observe correlations between $S(0)$ and
other observables in $^7$Be and $^7$Li, respectively. The calculations have
been performed again in both the single-channel $\alpha+h/t$ and the extended
$\{\alpha+h/t;{^6{\rm Li}}+p/n\}$ model space. While the above conditions
(i)$-$(iii) could be fulfilled in each study by a suited adjustment of the
interaction, the  $^6$Li ground state energy is now underbound relative to
the $\alpha+d$ threshold; we find $-1.12$ MeV and $-0.39$ MeV for $\beta=0.48$
and 0.56 fm$^{-2}$, respectively. As a consequence of this underbinding, the
$\alpha+d$ separation in the $^6$Li ground state is too large. At the same
time, the radius of the $\alpha$ particle inside $^6$Li gets smaller, if
$\beta$ is increased from 0.4 fm$^{-2}$ to 0.56 fm$^{-2}$. These too
effects together will render the results obtained for $\beta=0.48$
fm$^{-2}$ and 0.56 fm$^{-2}$ rather unphysical, but might still allow to
draw conclusions about the correlations of the cross section with other
$^7$Be and $^7$Li properties.

In Fig.\ \ref{fig3} we demonstrate the effect of the cluster size parameter
on the elastic phase shifts, exemplified for the two-channel study of the
$^3$He+$^4$He reaction.
\begin{figure}[!b]
\centerline{\psfig{file=fig3.ps,width=7cm}}
\caption{$^4{\rm He}+{^3{\rm He}}$ scattering phase shifts in the
$J^\pi=1/2^+$ (filled circle), $3/2^+$ (filled triangle), and $5/2^+$ (open
circle) partial waves. The calculations have been performed in the
$\{\alpha+h;{^6{\rm Li}}+p\}$ model space with the MN interaction and various
cluster size parameters, $\beta=0.4$ fm$^{-2}$ (solid curves),
$\beta=0.48$ fm$^{-2}$ (long-dashed curves), and $\beta=0.56$ fm$^{-2}$
(dot-dashed curves). The data are taken from \cite{Tombrello}.}
\label{fig3}
\end{figure}
We observe that the phase shifts get increasingly more attractive if the
width parameter $\beta$ increases. This is related to the fact that, with
increasing $\beta$, the sizes of the combined nuclei $^7$Li and $^7$Be shrink
(see Tables 1 and 2). Without explicitly showing it in a figure, we note that
the dependence of the phase shifts on the cluster size parameter is slightly
stronger in the one-channel case.

Tables \ref{tab1} and \ref{tab2} list our results for the zero-energy cross
sections, $S(0)$, and the quadrupole moments and point-nucleon matter
rms radii of $^7$Be and $^7$Li.
\begin{table}[tb]
\caption{Calculated quadrupole moments ($Q$) and point-nucleon matter rms
radii
($r$) of $^7$Be, and the zero-energy astrophysical S-factor [$S(0)$] and
its derivative [$S^{-1}dS/dE\,(0)$] of the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},
\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ reaction in the various model spaces. The entries
denoted by $^*$ are for the MHN interaction, while the rest is for the MN
force.}
\label{tab1}
\begin{tabular}{lr@{}lr@{}lr@{}lr@{}l}
\hline
\tabstrut Model ($\beta$)& \multicolumn{2}{c}{$S(0)$ (keVb)} &
 \multicolumn{2}{c}{$S^{-1}dS/dE\,(0)$ (MeV$^{-1}$)} &
 \multicolumn{2}{c}{$Q$
 ($e$fm$^2$)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$r$ (fm)} \\
\hline
$\{\alpha+h;{^6{\rm Li}}+p\}$ & & & & & & & & \\
0.4 & \ \ \ \ \ 0.&83 &\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  $-$0.&57 & \ $-$7.&23 & \ 2.&62  \\
0.48 & 0.&91 & $-$0.&61 & $-$7.&28 & 2.&56 \\
0.56 & 1.&16 & $-$0.&70 & $-$7.&41 & 2.&54 \\
0.56$^*$ & 0.&83 & $-$0.&64 & $-$6.&64 & 2.&43 \\
$\alpha+h$ & & & & & & & & \\
0.4 & 0.&70 & $-$0.&53 & $-$6.&61 & 2.&55  \\
0.48 & 0.&64 & $-$0.&51 & $-$6.&40 & 2.&44  \\
0.56 & 0.&59 & $-$0.&50 & $-$6.&22 & 2.&36 \\
0.56$^*$ & 0.&52 & $-$0.&52 & $-$6.&27 & 2.&51 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
The $S(0)$ values were determined from fits to the calculated S-factors in
the $E=0.1-0.9$ MeV interval, using the formula given in Ref.\
\cite{Kajinoastro},
\begin{equation}
S(E)=S(0)\exp(-\alpha E)\Big ( 1+a_2E^2+a_3E^3+a_4E^4\Big ).
\label{fit}
\end{equation}
\begin{table}[!b]
\caption{The same as Table \ref{tab1}, except for $^7$Li and the
$^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ reaction.}
\label{tab2}
\begin{tabular}{lr@{}lr@{}lr@{}lr@{}l}
\hline
\tabstrut Model ($\beta$)& \multicolumn{2}{c}{$S(0)$ (keVb)} &
 \multicolumn{2}{c}{$S^{-1}dS/dE\,(0)$ (MeV$^{-1}$)} &
 \multicolumn{2}{c}{$Q$ ($e$fm$^2$)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$r$ (fm)} \\
\hline
$\{\alpha+t;{^6{\rm Li}}+n\}$ & & & & & & & & \\
0.4 & \ \ \ \ \ 0.&148 &\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $-$2.&26 & \ $-$3.&83 & \ 2.&55 \\
0.48 & 0.&156 & $-$2.&11 & $-$3.&78 & 2.&48 \\
0.56 & 0.&184 & $-$2.&07 & $-$3.&80 & 2.&46 \\
0.56$^*$ & 0.&138 & $-$2.&10 & $-$3.&51 & 2.&36 \\
$\alpha+t$ & & & & & &  \\
0.4 & 0.&131 & $-$2.&19 & $-$3.&77 & 2.&50 \\
0.48 & 0.&122 & $-$1.&98 & $-$3.&75 & 2.&39 \\
0.56 & 0.&117 & $-$1.&82 & $-$3.&73 & 2.&31 \\
0.56$^*$ & 0.&099 & $-$1.&96 & $-$3.&52 & 2.&28 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
As shown in Fig.\ \ref{fig4}, $S(0)$ and the quadrupole moment $Q$ of
$^7{\rm Be}/{^7{\rm Li}}$ are nicely correlated in the single-channel
$\alpha+h/t$ models.
Although the results of the $\{\alpha+h/t;{^6{\rm Li}}+p/n\}$ model space
with $\beta=0.4$ fm$^{-2}$ fit well into the trend,
the results for $\beta=0.48$ and 0.56 fm$^{-2}$
do not.
We believe that in the case of $^7$Be this is due to the
disappearing $\alpha+d$ binding energy inside $^6$Li, while for $^7$Li, it
is caused  by the adverse behavior of the $\alpha$ and $^6$Li sizes.
\begin{figure}[tb]
\centerline{\psfig{file=fig4.ps,width=13.2cm}}
\caption{The zero-energy astrophysical S-factors of the $^3{\rm
He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ (a) and $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},
\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ (b) reactions as a function of the quadrupole moment
of $^7$Be and $^7$Li, respectively. The filled and open circles show the
results for the MN interaction coming from the $\alpha+h/t$ and
$\{\alpha+h/t;{^6{\rm Li}}+p/n\}$ model spaces, respectively. The triangles
denote the analogous quantities in the case of the MHN force. The values of
the harmonic oscillator size parameter ($\beta$) are indicated.}
\label{fig4}
\end{figure}

The correlation between $S(0)$ and $Q$, shown in Fig.\ \ref{fig4}, can
easily be understood by recalling that for external capture reactions, at
energies deep below the Coulomb barrier, the $S(0)$ cross section is
practically fully determined by the asymptotic normalization constants of
the bound state wave functions; the $^7{\rm Be}(p,\gamma){^8{\rm B}}$ is a
well-known example \cite{B8rad}. These normalization constants in turn are
sensitive mainly to the radii of the effective $\alpha-h/t$ potentials.
While going from $\beta=0.56$ to 0.4 fm$^{-2}$ in the
$\alpha+h/t$ model, the sizes
of the clusters (and thus the radii of the $\alpha-h/t$ potentials)
increase, which explains the increase in $S(0)$ and $Q$. When the
$^6{\rm Li}+p/n$ channel is added, $S(0)$ is further increased. Note that
$^6$Li is bigger than $^7{\rm Be}/{^7{\rm Li}}$. Thus the radii of the
$\alpha-h/t$ potentials are effectively increased by adding the
$^6{\rm Li}+p/n$ component.

As we have already pointed out in Ref.\ \cite{B8rad}, the $^6{\rm Li}+p$
channel has a substantial effect on the quadrupole moment of $^7{\rm Be}$.
As one can see in Fig.\ \ref{fig4}(a), the inclusion of the $^6{\rm Li}$
channel in the $\beta=0.4$ fm$^{-2}$ model results in a roughly 10\%
increase in $Q$. At the same time, the extension of the $^7{\rm Li}$
model space leads to just a 1.6\% increase in the quadrupole moment of
that nucleus. The explanation of this phenomenon is natural: the
$^6{\rm Li}+p$ configuration brings in a large charge polarization, which
strongly affects the quadrupole moment of $^7$Be, while there is no such
effect for $^7$Li.

In Ref.\ \cite{Kajino} Kajino suggested to determine the zero-energy
$^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ astrophysical S-factor
indirectly from the correlations between $S_{34}(0)$ and the quadrupole
moment of $^7$Li. This proposal, however, is spoiled if the $^7$Li
quadrupole moment is indeed as large as $-4.0$ $e$fm$^2$, as currently
favored
\cite{Ajzenberg,Pyykko}, and thus noticeably different than the value
of $-(3.4-3.7)$ $e$fm$^2$ \cite{Ajzenberg84}, accepted at the time
Kajino performed his analysis. From Fig.\ \ref{fig4} we observe that
the large $Q$-value corresponds to a cross section $S(0)\approx 0.19$
keVb for the $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ reaction,
which is about twice the value derived from the precision data of
\cite{Brune}. This apparent shortcoming might point to the necessity
to explicitly consider the interference with the internal $^6$Li
quadrupole moment in cluster studies.

As we mentioned, our $S(0)$ values were determined by fitting the
calculated $S(E)$ functions by a polynomial form between 0.1 and 0.9 MeV.
Additionally, Tables \ref{tab1} and \ref{tab2} list the results for
$S^{-1}dS/dE\,(0)$. In addition to this fit, we tested another functional
form for the low-energy S-factors, suggested in Ref.\ \cite{Jennings}. The
\begin{equation}
S(E)=n\frac{1+c_1E+c_2E^2}{E+E_B}
\label{pole}
\end{equation}
expression reflects the fact that S has a pole at the  binding
energy $E_B$
of $^7{\rm Be}/{^7{\rm Li}}$, relative to the $\alpha+h/t$ threshold.
In order to get  good fits even at rather low energies, we
needed to use higher-order terms in the numerator of Eq.\ (\ref{pole}).
This shows the importance of the non-asymptotic contributions to the cross
sections. With a fourth-order polynomial in the numerator in Eq.\
(\ref{pole}), we get practically the same results as shown in Table
\ref{tab1}. One might conclude from our results that the $S_{34}'(0)$
values, as determined in Ref.\ \cite{Adelberger} or in Ref.\ \cite{Kajino}
(for both the $^7$Be and $^7$Li reactions), are more uncertain than
currently believed. This is in agreement with the recent results of
the NACRE compilation \cite{Angulo}. Here the authors
recommend to fit the
low-energy $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ S-factor by
the polynomial $S(E)=0.1-0.15E+0.13E^2$. This would imply $S^{-1}dS/dE\,
(0)=-1.5$. This value is quite different from the one ($-2.056$) found in
\cite{Kajino}.

\section{Conclusions}

In summary, we have studied the $^3{\rm H}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm
Li}}$ and $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ reactions in an
extended two-cluster model that can take into account $^6{\rm Li}+p/n$
rearrangement channels. We have found that the inclusion of the $^6{\rm
Li}+p/n$ channel significantly affects the reaction cross sections and
some key properties of $^7$Be and $^7$Li. For the known correlations
between the cross sections and, e.g., the quadrupole moments of $^7$Be and
$^7$Li the results of the extended model (provided the $^6$Li binding
energy is described sufficiently accurate) fit well into the trend, which
is predicted by the simpler $\alpha+h/t$ description. We have pointed out
that the value of $S_{34}(0)$, determined from the $S_{34}(0)-Q^{^7{\rm
Li}}$ correlation in Ref.\ \cite{Kajino}, seems now to be in conflict with
the new accepted value of ${^7{\rm Li}}$ quadrupole moment. Finally we have
discussed that the low-energy slope of the $^3{\rm He}({^4{\rm He}},
\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ cross section, i.e. the value of $S_{34}'(0)$, might
be more uncertain than currently believed.

Further studies in significantly larger model spaces (e.g., using a full
seven-body dynamical description) will be interesting to see how well the
present-day $\alpha+h/t$ cluster models reflect the true nature of the
$^7$Be and $^7$Li nuclei.

\smallskip

\begin{acknowledge}
We thank the Danish Research Council for financial support. The work of
A.\ C.\ was supported by OTKA Grants F019701 and D32513, FKFP Grant
0242/2000, and by the Bolyai Fellowship of the Hungarian Academy of
Sciences.
\end{acknowledge}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
jQuery Basics
JavaScript, jQuery, and JSON
4.6 (773 Bewertungen)
Kurs 4 von 4 in Web Applications for Everybody Spezialisierung
In this course, we'll look at the JavaScript language, and how it supports the Object-Oriented pattern, with a focus on the unique aspect of how JavaScript approaches OO. We'll explore a brief introduction to the jQuery library, which is widely used to do in-browser manipulation of the Document Object Model (DOM) and event handling. You'll also learn more about JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), which is commonly used as a syntax to exchange data between code running on the server (i.e. in PHP) and code running in the browser (JavaScript/jQuery). It is assumed that learners have already taken the Building Web Applications and Building Database Applications in PHP courses in this specialization.
Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP), Jquery, JavaScript
Wonderful course. I really learnt how to request json from jquery and display on the web page. but the assignment mainly focused on quering data from various tables like many to many and all.
I do think this is a good course on integrating JavaScript, jQuery and JSON into PHP web applications. Take note that this is not a pure JavaScript course.
Using JQuery
This is a brief introduction to the JQuery library which is widely used to do in-browser manipulation of the Document Object Model(DOM) and event handling.
jQuery Basics19:46
Code Walkthrough: jQuery Basics13:03
Forms and jQuery13:11
Code Walkthrough: Forms and JQuery11:35
Charles Russell Severance
Sprache wählenArabischer RaumDeutschEnglischFranzösischItalienischRussischSpanischVietnamesischptPt
So, we've learned JavaScript. We've learned about the Document Object Model. We've learned how flawed the Document Object Model is. And we've learned JavaScript Object-oriented programming. To some degree, all that is so that we can use jQuery, because jQuery makes our life really simple. If we place all this in the grand scheme of things, right? So we get some HTML. We parse the response. So some of it goes into the DOM and some of it actually is JavaScript. And so JavaScript talks to the DOM and was shown all that stuff. What jQuery is, is a library, a client side library that makes JavaScript easier to use. So everything that we're going to do in jQuery, which is manipulate the DOM, and eventually we're going to talk back and forth to the server, is just easier in jQuery. You don't have to worry about browser portability, etc., etc., etc., etc. So jQuery is just like it makes the things that we could do if we really wanted to do it the hard way, we could do it. But nobody wants to do the hard way anymore, so everybody uses jQuery, so away we go. So again, jQuery is all in the browser. And again, you'll notice that most of the files and all these sample codes are just HTM files, they're not PHP code, because they're not really running anything in the server. We just have a static file in the server, which we return that includes JavaScript. And so all the coding that we're doing is coding that's running in the context of the browser. So that's sort of where we are at right now. And literally, for the rest of this course, and even in other courses, the tendency is going to kind of focus in this direction. We're going to do more and more cool stuff in the browser and less and less in the server. We started out by doing everything in the server. We still have databases to deal with, but we kind of move toward the browser. And web applications in general are doing more and more of their interactivity in the browser because it's a better user experience. You could argue do you want to do it all in the browser, that's a different argument. But certainly there is no argument that a lot of the stuff is becoming interactive in the browser because its so dynamic and it works more like a desktop application. So by now or if you haven't, please watch the video of John Resig. I give you these interviews because I want you to understand the mentality of what produced these, right? jQuery is a piece a code, yes. But as also an expression of a personality in John Resig is a person that created this, and so it's an expression of who he is. So John Resig is a really smart computer scientist. In 2005, he was just tired of building interactive web applications that use JavaScript and he was tired of doing non-portable stuff, and he also saw the elegance of JavaScript itself. How JavaScript's object pattern worked. Stuff I just talked about in the last lectures. He's like JavaScript is not a crappy language, it's actually an impressive language. And so as a computer scientist, as a young, undergrad computer scientist at RPI, I think Rensselaer Polytechnic in upstate New York. He's like, this is kind of a neat computer science place to do kind of respectable work. This is something that's not just crap work. And if you go and listen to Brendan Eich talking about JavaScript, he'll say, JavaScript was originally thought of as the crappy language. And it sort of does silly things, and puts up pop ups, and annoys you and has scrolling and whatever, but in this 2005, 2006, 2007 timeframe, JavaScript was sort of coming, and the browser, was coming into its own as a respectable place that talented computer scientists would want to work. And certainly, sitting here, ten years after that, we see things like Angular, and React, and all these things where JavaScript is really the focus. And then, JavaScript is taking over the server as well with things like Node.js. So, John Resig was like what are the kind of things we have to do in the browser all the time. Well, one is you gotta go find stuff in the DOM and do stuff to that, like change its color or hide it or show it or whatever. And the other thing is that there's events and that's the events that we've looked at so far like unclick equals or unchange equals, those kind of events. And jacking into those events was simple things like clicking, that worked pretty well. But things like knowing when the document fully loaded and all the images were done, that turned out to be very different in every browser. And so jQuery standardized that as well about knowing when the document [COUGH] is loaded enough so that you can run JavaScript to start playing with the DOM. You want the DOM to be complete. You don't want JavaScript to be looking for things that aren't quite there yet. So it came on in 2006 which is about ten years after JavaScript was created. John, as of this moment, works at Khan Academy and some of you who have high school students may have taken some of the John Resig inspired computer science classes on Khan Academy. And he is like me, a big fan of everybody learning to code. And he, like me, is also a big fan of moving coding down into high school, eighth, ninth, tenth grades in high school. And so he's a great guy and it's a fun interview. So I encourage you to take a look at John Resig. So this lecture is not going to sort of give you speeds and feeds for jQuery. One of the things that John talks about is there were other competitors to jQuery in 2005, 2006, like Prototype and NewTools. And they were like religions and jQuery was just one of the religions. But jQuery in a very short period of time won. And John credits, and I think I agree with him, that he credits the reason that jQuery won in '05, '06, was that it had better documentation. And he put a lot of time into documenting what he did, not just writing great code and making it so he could use it, but making it so others could use it. So literally, you'll say things like, how do I animate an image to appear and slide in from left to right with jQuery? You type that in and then bang, you're on stack overflow or you're on a jQuery page. The jQuery documentation is superb. It's both thorough but it also gives you these little tiny snippets of like five lines that do pretty much what you want to do. So you just ask the question into your search engine. You either go to stack overflow or jQuery. You copy and past five lines. You stick in your thing. It starts working and then you changed two of them to do exactly. So, I'm really going to just spend this lecture talking about the real basic things that jQuery does, knowing that you can figure this out on your own. So here is the first kind of jQuery thing. Okay, so the first jQuery thing that we gotta do is we gotta load the jQuery library. And that's just a, so you have to have these files somewhere. You can actually loaded off of the Internet, Google has hosted copies of it, there are things called CDN, Content Data Networks, which are unlimited, super fast bandwidth things, so you don't even have to load it off of your server if you don't want to. So if you go look at jQuery documentation, they will give you a couple of version of how to pull jQuery in to your application and there is different versions of jQuery and there is plugins. But for now we're just going to start with a copy of jQuery somewhere and we'll stick right on. In this, I'm just giving to you in the file. So that's got a version of jQuery in the file. So we just load it. Now, I'm including stuff like this. It probably shouldn't produce any output or anything like that. It just says function, function, function, function, or may just be some classes that are being created but no objects and no output. And so that's what that does. It just defines jQuery. Now the interesting thing about jQuery is the biggest thing that it does is it defines a global object with the name of dollar sign. Now, when you look at jQuery, you look at how the code of jQuery looks like, you see this dollar sign parentheses, dollar sign parentheses. And most people look at that and say, that's just like a JavaScript magicism. It's not, it's actually a function on object named dollar sign. If you go all the way back into our script, you'll say variable names can be letters, it can start with upper and lower case letters or underscores or dollar signs. And if you recall what I said was, dollar sign is tacky because it reminds us of pearl and bash and all these other scripting languages. And so for the first 10 years of JavaScript, no one used anything with a $ sign. And so along comes John Resig, and he goes like, what should I name my object? Whoa, no one uses $ sign. Turns out about that time, people were figuring it out and there was a couple other things that used $ sign. But jQuery used dollar sign, and so it looks like language syntax, but it's not. That's just the name of an object. And now we're calling that object with parenthesis, and so we're passing in a parameter, okay? And so that helps us understand. And I'll tell you what, when I first looked at jQuery, I was like, it's just a bunch of curly braces, semicolons and parentheses that just like someone threw a bunch of punctuation. There was a car accident and a box full of punctuation just fell all over the place and we picked it up and that's what jQuery looks like. But when you write this stuff, you gotta have it work. So let's understand really quickly what's going on here. Dollar is the name of an object. We're calling the object with a parameter, and the parameter is document. Document is the JavaScript concept that is the Document Object Model. That's predefined in all the JavaScript it runs in a browser. That sort of passing document in. That's one of the predefined values, or predefined objects that's in the browser already. And now what we're doing is, this is returning code, remember, first class functions. And we're going to within that call the ready method. That's from here to here is the ready method. The ready method has one parameter, ready, we could call it x. But that's not what we're calling. We're still passing in one parameter, but we're passing in is code. Because the function In JavaScript, because of first class functions, returns code. So this bit right here is in effect a constant that's being passed into ready. And what we're supposed to pass into ready is code that we want to have executed. So this is delayed execution. This code doesn't execute until jQuery decides that the document is fully loaded and ready to be viewed. And so it will call our code, win and only win. This is registering an event. The event is, when the document is ready. And so we register the event, and then we have to put the code in to run. So we're passing, so at this point when the code runs, jQuery simply retains this code and remembers it. It runs it later sometime after this body is done and the things have loaded etc, etc, etc. And then it runs our code. So this is delayed execution. This is an event. That's another way for it to say the same thing, delayed execution, event. It's also asynchronous. You don't know exactly when the code is going to run. jQuery knows the moment that your code is supposed to run. You have handed it the code that you want to run when this thing happens. And it's first class functions. If you understand it, it's absolutely gorgeous. And you can kind of see why early sort of folks like Resig, who were building JQuery were like, wait a sec. This is a gorgeous language. And first class functions make this different than any other programming language that you've experienced. Like I said earlier, small talk, and Lisp and others, had this concept but JavaScript is like the first language, the first class function is right here. Okay, so now let me clear the screen and let me explain to you what this does. So that's the syntax. But after a while, you're going to be cutting and pasting. You'll be like, cut paste, cut paste. And you'll stop thinking about it. And all you'll think about is this stuff right here. So in some level this becomes a magic idiom that we just do over and over and over again. Okay, and so we're loading the jQuery library. This line right here is like an idiom that says, when the document is ready, run this code. This is also an idiom that sort of completes the parenthesis and semicolons and all that stuff. So what we're telling jQuery is, after the body is done and when other stuff is finished, come and run our code, okay? That's what we're asking. And so when it happens, we're going to run an alert. We're going to do a console.log, okay? And that's just so we can see what's going on and if you run this, you'll see that happen, okay? So if you run it, you'll see that happen. So, the next concept, again, one of the two things that jQuery does is sets up events. So, the first thing we saw is setting up an event. So, in this one, we are going to ask to be called when ever the window is resized. So again, we just load the jQuery library. And this time we parse the window. Let me see if I can draw us a picture of this. So the window is what you're seeing and there is, the Document Object Model is all the stuff. And so if you have a scroll bar, the window is only seeing some of the Document Object Model. So you've scrolled up or down. Maybe you're seeing this part. Maybe you're seeing this part down here. So, not all of the Document Object Model is showing in the window at any given time. So, the window is the part you can see, window, DOM, Document Object Model. And so, for example, this window has width and height. The Document Object Model does not have width and height, because the window is what you're seeing; Document Object Model is what is the entire webpage that's behind it. Part of the Document Object Model is what is being shown in the window, but it's not the thing. So, there is no width or height for the document, so you have to say, hey, how wide of a window am I in right now? And so we parse window in through jQuery, and we have a different set of events that we jack into. So we say okay, I would like you to call me whenever this window is resized, and what resizing means is you grab the corner of this and made it bigger or smaller, right? You made this bigger or smaller. When the window gets resized, call my code. So this is sort of an idiomatic way of saying, I have a couple lines of code that I want to run every single time the window gets resized. Okay, and so the code that we're going to run every time the window gets resized is this code. We're going to console.log, say it's been resized. And you run, show the width, $(window).width, that's a method within jQuery's window object that tells you how wide it is. So now we're looking at that window and we're seeing the width and we're seeing the height. And again, Document Object Model is over here. Window DOM, not NOM, right? It shows the subset of this. So subset of this is actually what you're seeing. But if you move this, it's going to call this code. You change this size, it's going to call this code. What it's also going to do, is this turns out to be hard to calculate. Go Google on the stack overflow and say, how do I find the Windows width without using jQuery. And they'll give you like this much code. And they tell you well, what browsers do you want it to work on? Do you want it to work on IE7, blah, blah, blah, blah. Here's what you write on IE7. Here's what you write on blah, blah, blah. And you're like, no, don't do it. Use jQuery, window.width, it tells you exactly the number of pixels and it tells you windows.height tells you the exact number of pixels. Now, generally not going to print this out. You might have to resize some of the stuff that you got in the DOM or something, so that if you make it small, you want to like the height of column or something like that, you're doing something like that in this code. But it's another example of jacking into the event structure of the Document Object Model in the Window to say, call me back, right? This basically says, call me back when they resize the window and run this code when they resize the window. And this part and this part are kind of just like idiomatic things that you cut and paste from one thing to another even though you should know what the syntax really means. Okay, the other things you can do other than jacking into events is you can change the Document Object Model. So if you go back a couple of lectures where I used by id, and we changed the Document Object Model, this is kind of doing that same thing. So this is an example of those little animated spinners that are spinning around that you see all the time. It's kind of indicating you're waiting. What we're going to show you is how to hide and show those things, right? And so what we do is we put out image tag. Right here, and we're going to give an id, remember id equals, there's only one per document. And we're going to have spinner.gif. We're going to have height and a width. And then we'll say display:none. And that means, by default, on this page, that spinner is there on the page, but it's hidden. And then we're going to have a little toggle. And we're going to have an event, an onclick. There's a way to register events in jQuery that I didn't show you. This is an old school onclick, but it's okay, because whenever we click on toggle this JavaScript is going to run, so it's going to be jQuery. And so we say $(, and instead of sending the whole document or the whole window, we say '#spinner, and that says go look up the ID spinner. And that grabs this whole tag, and then this is a jQuery function called toggle. What toggle does, is it looks to display none, it checks it. If it's not currently displayed, it changes it. And then, if it is displayed, it sets a display:none. So it's toggling, if you were to watch this in your inspect element, you would notice that this is changing. And, you don't have remember, you'd have to write a variable to figure it out. You're just saying, show it or don't show it. There's a dot show and a dot hide as well. And dot hide. If you want to hide it and show it, you can do that. So this is a way to grab a chunk of the DOM, and then you have certain methods that you can execute on that based on, you have to go read the jQuery documentation to see them all. So that's hiding and showing an element. We can also grab something and change its color. So here I have a little button called Red and we're going to grab this paragraph, because we're going to say $#para, it says give me this paragraph. Now this has no CSS on it, no other CSS. And then once we grab that paragraph $#para.CSS. This is a jQuery method CSS and we pass in a CSS variable background-color and we set it to red. And so that means that whatever this paragraph is, it's going to have a background color of red every time you click that button. And similarly if you click this green button, it's going to go grab that, set the background color to green. So you go red, green, red, green, red, green and this little paragraph is going to pop back and forth as red and green. And so that's basically how jQuery works to grab things and operate on them. And again, that's just very much the beginning. So the next jQuery example we're going to show is how you can actually like, look at forms and auto submit forms and talk to the server in jQuery

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
BTS Achieve Historic Fourth No. 1 Album With 'Map of the Soul: 7′
Dia Dipasupil, Getty Images
BTS' album Map of the Soul: 7 reached No. 1 on the Billboard 200.
On Monday (March 2), the music outlet reported the group achieved yet another career milestone after Map of the Soul: 7 became their fourth album to reach the No.1 spot on the Billboard 200 chart in less than two years. It follows 2019's Map of the Soul: Persona and 2018's Love Yourself: Answer and Love Yourself: Tear.
This is a huge and historic achievement for BTS since the last group to achieve four No. 1 albums faster than them was the Beatles in 1968. (It took the band one year and five months.)
Map of the Soul: 7, which was released on February 21, sold 422,000 equivalent units (347,000 were pure sales) and now holds the record for the biggest week of sales for any album released in 2020 thus far. The only album that did better was Harry Styles' Fine Line, which landed at No. 1 with 478,000 during the week of December 28, 2019.
The boys are no stranger to breaking records. In fact, they broke a record last week after their "ON" music video became the biggest YouTube premiere of all time with over 1.54 million viewers tuning in for its debut.
Fans can expect more where that came from as BTS is headed on a new world tour in 2020 and if it's anything like their Love Yourself tour, they're going to break even more records this year when they perform in cities across Asia, Europe, North America and more. You can buy concert tickets and get more information here.
BTS Through the Years: Photo Gallery
Filed Under: BTS
Categories: Celebrity News, Music News, News
Celebs Were Mean to Kelly Clarkson During 'American Idol'


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because of the nursing shortage in her area.
bewildered that she had not received even one request for an interview.
explained the reason she hadn't heard from anyone else.
thank you for the lasagna recipe."


People walk into my practice all the time with grocery bags full of dietary supplements. As I discuss the rest of their lifestyle with them, I begin to realize they are living on fast food burgers, pizza, and soda pop.
One thing many people don't understand is dietary supplements are just that, a supplement to the diet.
If you are not following a generally healthy diet and lifestyle, you can take all of the supplements in the world and gain no benefit from them. The only thing you're really doing is depleting the dollar bills from your bank account.
Supplements are intended to fill in the gaps of the diet, as a generally healthy diet still leaves an additional need for certain nutrients. One thing I counsel my patients on consistently is the fact that diet, lifestyle, and exercise is the foundation of everything related to their health. If they are not willing to put in considerable amount of time to get this part of their life in order, I clearly state they should lower their expectations for the support any dietary supplement will provide.
Once your diet and lifestyle is in order, there are a few supplements that can likely provide positive benefits for most everyone.
Multivitamin mineral: This is a great option to fill in the gaps for someone who eats fairly well but understands that it is very difficult to get every last nutrient in the quantities necessary for a normal diet.
Fish oil: Fish oil is a great supplement to your diet as most people don't eat enough cold water fish to get sufficient amounts of EPA and DHA in their daily diet. Additionally, concerns about pollutants may arise when consuming large amounts of fish. Acquiring fish oil supplements from a high quality vendor will alleviate those concerns.
Probiotic: Many of us are not eating fermented foods consistently throughout our days. A high quality probiotic can do a lot to maintain the overall health of one's microbiome. With the minimal effort of taking a daily probiotic, one can realize the powerful benefits of a healthy, well-functioning digestive system.
Magnesium: This mineral is necessary in many chemical reactions throughout the body. It is also a mineral which many don't receive enough of in their diet. This can help support anything from healthy muscle contraction to the support of many biochemical pathways throughout the brain.
Vitamin D: The sunshine vitamin is important for a variety of processes throughout the body. UV rays allow humans to synthesize their own vitamin D supply. If you live in a northern climate especially, this vitamin becomes even more important because during certain times of the year, the Earth's angle to the sun prevents UV rays from coming through the ozone layer.
In conclusion, if you are looking at supplements as a get out of jail free card, you may be disappointed. Conversely, when you are eating well and using a few select supplements, it is absolutely amazing how efficiently your body can work. The key is that you have a solid dietary foundation and follow a healthy lifestyle first.


text:
Q: Getting ID based on what Title is I am trying to get what the id value of a div is based on another div class. I keep getting undefined on title_name and id_name but not class_name so I think it getElementsByTagName is wrong but all research keeps pointing back to it as the only way for it to use.

111111

33333

222222

    $('.status').click(function () {
    var class_name = $(this).attr('class');
    var title_name = document.getElementsByTagName("class_name");
    var id_name = $(title_name[0]).attr('id');
    alert(id_name);
});

http://jsfiddle.net/9mM7x/1/
The desired alert would be 'Foundbytitle' when any of the divs are clicked since they all share the same class name and the id name of the result.

A: $('.status').click(function () {
   var q = this.id;
   alert( $('.' + q).attr('id') );
});

Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/9mM7x/8/ (Try clicking 222222)

A:   $('.status').click(function () {
        alert($('.'+$(this).attr('id')).attr('id'));
    });

http://jsfiddle.net/9mM7x/4/
Or alternatively since the id is "foundbytitle" this is how to find it by title
$('.status').click(function () {
    alert($("div[title='"+$(this).attr('class')+"']").attr('id'));
});

http://jsfiddle.net/9mM7x/10/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


New but not the newest to the wonderful world of pup play. Been into it for awhile but only recently started exploring the puppy in me and found out I am currently a stray omega and my pup name is Pup Bree. And I thought that maybe it might be a good idea to share my exploration with the community of pups, handlers and trainers. I'm always open to suggestions of what stuff to get for my pupsona and anything you believe will help me on my quest to be a true pup.
For now I don't think there will be any set upload regularities but I'll keep anyone who is interested in my little life updated when I can.


text:
Westrux International, Inc
PPP Loan Data — Westrux International, Inc, Santa Fe Springs, CA
Industry: Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers
Location: Santa Fe Springs, CA
Westrux International, Inc is a corporation located at 15555 Valley View Ave in Santa Fe Springs, California that received a Coronavirus-related PPP loan from the SBA of $2,895,000.00 in April, 2020.
Westrux International, Inc in Santa Fe Springs, CA received a Paycheck Protection Loan of $2.9M through Citizens Business Bank, which was approved in April, 2020.
This loan's status is reported by the SBA as "Paid in Full", which includes both loans repaid and those fully forgiven from repayment under PPP guidelines. The loan's status was last updated by the SBA in August, 2021.
For Westrux International, Inc, the calculation used to estimate payroll costs is shown below:
($2.9M / 2.5) * 12 = $13.9M
Based on the standard PPP eligibility formula, it may be possible to estimate the payroll expenses represented by a company on their PPP application (see details above). In order to qualify for the PPP loan amount received, Westrux International, Inc's 2019 payroll expenses are estimated to be at least $13.9M.
On the PPP application, Westrux International, Inc reported intending to use the proceeds of their PPP loan for the following expenses:
Because the loan received by Westrux International, Inc is at least $2M dollars, it is subject to a full review by the SBA to ensure eligibility and compliance with PPP program requirements.
Business Information - Westrux International, Inc in Santa Fe Springs, CA
15555 Valley View Ave
Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers
Business Age: New Business or 2 years or less
Los Angeles County, CA — SBA Office 0914 — Congressional District: CA-38
Similar Companies near Santa Fe Springs
In the Santa Fe Springs area, 3 businesses in the "Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers" industry received a PPP loan. These local businesses reported an average of 83 employees (compared to this company's 232) and received an average PPP loan of $1,001,926 (compared to this company's $2.9M).
Similar Nearby Businesses Who Received PPP Funding:
BSI Wheels, Inc
$69,669 PPP Loan
Nitoma Inc
Nationwide, 9,735 businesses in the "Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers" industry received a total of $982.81M in PPP loans. This industry in total received less than 1% of the total PPP funding distributed.
PPP recipients in this industry report an average of 9 employees, 96% lower than Westrux International, Inc's reported 232 employees, and received an average PPP loan of $100,956, 97% lower than this company's loan of $2.9M.
Source: www.federalpay.org/paycheck-protection-program/westrux-international-inc-santa-fe-springs-ca


text:
Gomphurus gonzalezi – gatunek ważki z rodziny gadziogłówkowatych (Gomphidae). Występuje na terenie Ameryki Północnej – na południu USA (stan Teksas) i w północnym Meksyku.

Przypisy

Gomphurus
Ważki Ameryki Północnej
Gatunki i podgatunki zwierząt nazwane w 1992 roku

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I've argued that HUD should be the first to go, but I may change my mind in favor of the Department of Agriculture.
I've argued before that the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) should be the top target of those seeking to shut down useless and counterproductive parts of the federal government.
And if President-Elect Trump's choice for HUD Secretary, Ben Carson, is as sound on housing issues as he is on tax issues, presumably he will work to close down the bureaucracy that he'll soon be overseeing.
President-elect Donald Trump's vow to "drain the swamp" in Washington could begin with the Agriculture Department … Farmers will receive twice as much of their income from handouts (25%) this year as they did in 2013, according to the USDA … big farmers snare the vast majority of federal handouts. According to a report released this year by the Environmental Working Group … "the top 1 percent of farm subsidy recipients received 26 percent of subsidy payments between 1995 and 2014." The group's analysis of government farm-subsidy data also found that the "top 20 percent of subsidy recipients received 91 percent of all subsidy payments." Fifty members of the Forbes 400 list of wealthiest Americans have received farm subsidies, according to the group, including David Rockefeller Sr. and Charles Schwab.
Indeed, agriculture subsidies are basically a huge transfer of wealth from the poor to the rich.
… in 2015, the median farm household had a net worth of $827,307. That includes a great many residential, gentlemen and hobby farmers. The largest class of farmers—those who produce most farm products and harvest the largest share of the subsidies—have a median net worth of $2,586,000. By contrast, the median net worth for American households in 2013 was $81,200, according to the Federal Reserve.
In his column, Jim also explains some of the bizarre consequences of various specific handout programs, including the fact that American taxpayers have forked over $750 million to Brazil in order to continue huge (and impermissible, according to our trade commitments) subsidies to American cotton producers.
But the sugar subsidies are probably the most economically insane.
The U.S. maintains a regime of import quotas and price supports that drive U.S. sugar prices to double or triple the world price. Since 1997 Washington's sugar policy has zapped more than 120,000 U.S. jobs in food manufacturing, according to a 2013 study by Agralytica. More than 10 jobs have been lost in manufacturing for every remaining sugar grower in the U.S.
Let's look at some more evidence, this time dealing with dairy subsidies.
Charles Lane of the Washington Post wrote earlier this year about America's government-caused cheese problem.
… as of March 31, 1.19 billion pounds had accumulated in commercial cold-storage freezers across the United States, the largest stockpile ever. …each American would have to eat an extra 3 pounds of cheese this year, on top of the 36 pounds we already consume per capita, to eliminate the big yellow mountain.
Why is there something as silly as a giant stockpile of cheese?
If you're guessing it's the result of a foolish government policy, you'd be right.
… the U.S. government has a long-standing pro-cheese-eating policy, which grew out of the need to do something with the subsidized excess of milk products generated by federal pro-production dairy policy… Two decades ago, in fact, the Clinton administration's Agriculture Department helped form a promotional organization, Dairy Management Inc., funded by a congressionally authorized, federally collected dues requirement for dairy producers. Its $140 million annual budget has helped develop such fast-food items as Pizza Hut's cheese-topped crust and Taco Bell's double steak quesadillas, as well as cheesy pizzas for the federal school lunch program. …dairy farms are protected by a subsidized insurance program in the 2014 Farm Bill.
What's the answer to this mess?
Well, even an editorial writer for the leftist Washington Post recognizes that markets, rather than subsidies, should determine cheese production.
In the long run, everyone — consumers, producers, middlemen, grocers — would probably be better off if governments just left the dairy market to its own devices. And a lot of other markets, too.
By the way, since we're on the topic of subsidies to the dairy industry, a Bloomberg column exposes some of the perverse consequences of government intervention.
… some farmers tried to limit the supply of milk by killing off their own cows. No, you read that correctly. This mysterious state of affairs was revealed in a nationwide class-action lawsuit against dairy cooperatives, groups of farmers who pool their supplies but, as a whole, serve as middlemen between the farmers and dairy processors … The "herd retirement program," as it was called, was led by Cooperatives Working Together, run by the lobbying group National Milk Producers Federation, and supported by farms producing almost 70 percent of America's milk … The path that leads to killing perfectly good dairy cows begins with a 1922 law, the Capper-Volstead Act. The statute was designed to protect both dairy farmers and consumers from profiteering middlemen.
This story actually is a perfect storm of government stupidity. The federal government has programs that subsidize the dairy industry. That then leads to overproduction. Producers respond to overproduction with a plan to kill cows, which somehow triggers antitrust intervention by the government.
Heaven forbid we actually get the government out of the business and simply allow markets to work!
And if antitrust laws and agriculture subsidies are a bad combination, then you won't be surprised to learn that foreign aid and agriculture subsidies are another bad combination. In other words, two negatives don't make a positive, as explained by Jim Bovard earlier this year in another column for the Wall Street Journal.
The peanut program may be even more inanely destructive than the sugar program.
The real culprit here are federal peanut programs with an almost 80-year record as one of Washington's most flagrant boondoggles. Subsidies have encouraged farmers to overproduce and then dump surplus peanuts on the USDA, which winds up stuck with hundreds of millions of pounds. That food has to go somewhere, and the department sees Haiti as the ticket. Food-aid policies have long been driven not by altruism, but by bureaucratic desperation to dispose of the evidence of failed farm policies … The cost of peanut subsidies is predicted to rise 10-fold between 2015 and next year, reaching $870 million—which approaches the total farm value of the whole U.S. peanut crop itself. The USDA expects to spend up to $50 million a year to store and handle surplus peanuts, and industry experts are warning that federally-licensed warehouses might not have enough space to hold the next crop.
Though this humorous image reminds me that ethanol handouts also may be the most counterproductive and wasteful agriculture subsidy.
Agriculture subsidies are bad for taxpayer and bad for consumers. They are a corrupt transfer of unearned wealth to special interest groups.
P.J. O'Rourke came up with the only appropriate solution to this mess.
This first appeared at the author's website.


text:
BLOG TOUR - The Shoe Diaries
It's never too late to put your best foot forward.
From the outside, Reagan "Rae" Doucet has it all: a coveted career in Washington, DC, a tight circle of friends and a shoe closet to die for. When one of her crew falls ill, however, Rae is done playing it safe. The talented but unfulfilled writer makes a "risk list" to revamp her life. But forgiving her ex, Jake Saunders, might be one risk too many.
Amazon | Barnes & Noble | Harlequin
Title: The Shoe Diaries
Author: Darby Baham
Series: The Friendship Chronicles #1
Publisher: Harlequin Special Edition
The Friendship Chronicle series begins with Reagan's story. For every event, there is a shoe that fits the bill. While I don't have a thing for shoes, I have a thing for romance novels, and The Shoe Diaries hits the mark straight on. A second chance romance is rekindled when Rae and Jake meet again at a wedding. Sparks may have been flying, but not in a good way. What would it take for Rae and Jake to find out if things could turn around for them?
While I enjoyed the romance developing for Rae and Jake, the whole vibe of the story was great - and relatable. Rae was an influencer and that fits with today's world. Their obstacles were intense but the hope of a HEA was never too far away.
Considering this book is also the story of good friends, it was hard not to think of it as a black Sex and the City. I loved how the girls were always there for each other, even to the point of gifting a longed for pair of shoes when the chips were down. Ultimately, Rae and Jake found their way to one another, thus wrapping up this story and setting the groundwork for the next book in the series.
Many thanks to Harlequin Special Edition and to NetGalley for this ARC for review. This is my honest opinion.
Excerpt, THE SHOE DIARIES by Darby Baham
He was inches away from me when I fell into his arms and began crying. All the anger I'd felt toward him, the hurt he caused me, the stupid ways he'd played me…they all meant nothing in this moment. He was here when I needed him the most. And I could no longer hold my tears back as he stood without a word and let me soak his shirt with sobs for minutes, only occasionally rubbing my hair to bring me comfort.
"Maybe we should go for a walk," he finally said.
"A walk sounds good."
"Wait, what are you doing here?" I asked once I had a moment to calm down. We'd walked to Jake's car to get some privacy while I tried drying up my tears, but the peace and quiet away from the hospital walls also brought me back to reality. It certainly didn't help that Jake had the kind of car a man gets when he has no intention of having obligations any time soon: a two-seater, silver Jaguar F-TYPE. It was gorgeous on the outside, intimate inside and was also a stark reminder of the reason we broke up in the first place.
"Christine's mom called me. I assume she was just going through the numbers she had of her friends, and I was still on the list."
"Oh." I guess I'd forgotten that Mama Vasquez had Jake's number from when we were in college. And that we hadn't exactly updated her to let her know he shouldn't still be on the call list of people to inform if something went wrong.
"And so you came all the way from New York?"
"Actually, no. I was in town already for work. It's why I called you the other night as well. Was hoping we could talk after all these years. But then when Chrissy's mom called, I just figured it was fate I was here, and so I should come."
"You definitely came around that corner just as I needed you to," I admitted with a sigh. "I'm sorry about that, by the way. I just… I couldn't cry in there and then I saw you and—"
"Hey, you don't have to apologize for that. I'm—I don't want to say glad but—grateful I was there when you needed someone."
"Thank you. I don't want to make this about me, though. She's the one in there fighting for her life. I was simply trying to encourage her to keep doing so because… I'm… I'm just not ready to lose my friend." I held back more tears that were aching to flow down my cheeks.
"And it's okay to feel that," he said, lifting my head so we were eye to eye. "It's okay to not be everyone's strength all the time. That's all I'm saying."
"Yeah, I hear you."
"I don't think you do, but that's okay, too. Just know you don't have to be strong with me. I can take your tears and your questions."
Darby Baham is a debut author with Harlequin Books Special Edition, where she signed a three-book deal in August 2020. She is also a senior managing editor with The Council of State Governments (CSG) Justice Center.
Labels: 4 Stars, blog tour, romance, series
BLOG TOUR - The Commandant's Daughter
BLOG TOUR - Stolen Angels
BLOG TOUR - Nursing Her Amish Neighbor
BLOG TOUR - Opening His Holiday Heart
BLOG TOUR - A Proposal in Provence
BLOG TOUR - Her Christmas Dilemma
BLOG TOUR - Lost Graves
BLOG TOUR - His to Defend
BLOG TOUR - Undercover K-9 Cowboy
BLOG TOUR - An Operative's Last Stand
BLOG TOUR - Little Girl Gone
BLOG TOUR - The Five-Day Reunion
BLOG TOUR - Christmas at the Chateau
BLOG TOUR - Someone Else's Child
BLOG TOUR - A Secret at Tansy Falls
BLOG TOUR - The Ex-Husband
BLOG TOUR - Find the Girl
BLOG TOUR - Love at First Spite
BLOG TOUR - Falling for the Baldasseri Prince
BLOG TOUR - Christmas Vendetta
BLOG TOUR - Buried Cold Case Secrets
BLOG TOUR - New Year Kiss With His Cinderella
Review - The Starless Crown
BLOG TOUR - The Widow's Last Secret
BLOG TOUR - A Deception Most Deadly
Review - The Last House on the Street
BLOG TOUR - Mystery at Magpie Lodge
BLOG TOUR - The Siren of Sussex
BLOG TOUR - The Birthday Party
BLOG TOUR - The Girl From Paris


text:
package sample.jpa;

import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;

import javax.persistence.CollectionTable;
import javax.persistence.ElementCollection;
import javax.persistence.Embeddable;
import javax.persistence.Embedded;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

@Embeddable
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode
@NoArgsConstructor
public class EmbeddableAlphaList implements Serializable {

    @Embedded
    @ElementCollection(fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
    @CollectionTable(
        name="list_table",
        joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="table_alpha_id")
    )
    private List<EmbeddableAlpha> list;

    public EmbeddableAlphaList(List<EmbeddableAlpha> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public void update(String name) {
        this.list.set(0, new EmbeddableAlpha(name));
        this.list.remove(1);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I've gotta get some stuff off my chest.
Why does it seem that society is getting more and more messed up on the daily?! Perhaps, it's cause I'm getting wiser… doubtful… or maybe it's cause the world is more connected and Dumb is very easily spread.
Anyways, here are some things that have been bugging me lately.
It makes me sick how little people value other people's lives. Seeing repeated news stories of policemen executing children is gut wrenching. Also disturbing, are the ugly reactions seen in online comment sections.
When you read a story about a person getting shot, or killed, what is your first reaction? Is it to call the victim stupid? Or is it to feel sad that another life was lost? Almost daily I read comments like, "That's what happens!" or "He shouldn't have done that!" as a first comment after seeing that a youth was killed.
What's wrong with you that your first and only comment after reading about a death is to judge the dead person?!
Of course had you known the victim, it'd be different! It's so easy to sit back and judge people.
It's painfully obvious that the police in America treat African Americans differently than they do white Americans. It seems like almost daily there's another needless police killing in the states. And it's unfortunately very clear that blacks are shot a lot more often and easily than whites.
So a movement in the states started called, #blacklivesmatter, bringing some attention to this serious problem.
So how do you respond to this if you're white??
It's easy! You acknowledge it!! You show empathy towards it! It's disgusting!! It's a problem that needs fixing! Right?
However, that's not what some people do. They reply with, "All lives matter!".
You either care or you don't!!
It's sad how little people care these days.
It seems that people are so self driven that they are either 100% A or 100% B. They are so stuck and dedicated to winning their discussion/argument, that they absolutely refuse to acknowledge any aspect of the counter argument.
For example, vaccinations. I know. It's a heated debate and some people can't handle this discussion. For me, honestly speaking I'm in the middle regarding vaccinations. I fully understand the importance of them now and in the past. I also have a mistrust of big pharm and their morals and business ethics. They have clearly shown that they are willing to put forth products that are detrimental to society and individual's health solely for the sake of profits.
However, when you try having a conversation about this topic you are met with either someone calling for the lockup of all parents not vaccinating or someone saying that vaccinations cause autism.
Why is it that pro-vaccinators are not able to acknowledge that mistrust of big pharm and paid off politicians is a problem? Look at any comment section on this topic and I guarantee you, you will not see any middle ground. You will see two sides completely shutting their ears to the other side's points. You'll see vicious name calling and some of the most immature arguments online.
If you're an anti-vaccinator and can't admit that we don't have proof that vaccinations cause autism, or a pro-vaccinator that argues that we shouldn't even question big pharm, don't bother! You're not helping anything!
Rant over! Thanks for making it to the end!! What gets under your skin?! Let me know in the comments below.
Have a great week everyone and if you're in Hong Kong, stay warm!
All very wonderful points and not so much of a rant as a spotlight on reality. The issues you brought forth are truly troubling occurances that happen daily here in the states, especially the vitriol fuele diatribes of Trump; please, oh please, do not let him become president.
It makes me so sad to live in this country, knowing that it presents such a poor image to the rest of the world. Imagine though the frustration one feels living here and dealing with these issues daily, it is truly disheartening.
I feel the time of greatness this country seems to want to return to, if there ever was one, is almost impossible. I feel your points you brought up are part of the reason why we will not be able to be great again. Racial inequality still exists, yet people think it doesn't, or rather try to convince themselves it does not. Human lives in general don't seem to matter too much to law enforcement officials; why is there so little use of non lethal force? Police are always reaching for their guns as a first resort, what message does that send? As you stated, instead of people being outraged, they blame the victim; oh, they shouldn't have gotten into trouble in the first place. That is the sad reality of it all.
Now as far as Trump goes, well, he proves that any idiot with enough money can buy his way into politics and actually have supporters. Proving how much like a third world country we truly are. Which goes hand in hand with winning. Everyone here has their viewpoint, yet nobody wants to see the other sides point. This is because there is such an emphasis on the "self" here in the states. This is how we end up with so many crazy candidates, spouting off hate filled rhetoric and people are all rah rah for them. People here don't think of how their choices will affect others and they are fine with that, they just feel their viewpoint is the right one and that is the end of discussion.
Well, it seems I went on a bit of a rambling rant, sorry about that. But just rest assured that what you stated are points that are shared by many others also. It's at times like these I really would love to be an expat looking at this country from a distance, not part of all this insanity.
The mainstream media has now proven itself to to not be just left or right. It's completely for the establishment. Hopefully they won't be able to silence Bernie's message anymore.
I was reading through you the most excellent rant and thinking to myself that you would make a most excellent runner in the American general election as a Trump trumper candidate. Thus, I am am interested on you opinion on immigration.
How's it going? Sorry for my late response! So busy these days!
Good Hear Ol'buddy. Busy is your middle name!
This entry was posted on January 24, 2016 by theguestroom in myHK and tagged black lives matter, Blog, donald trump, HK, Hong Kong, Mr.J, police shootings, problems, rant, the guestroom, vaccinations.


text:
36th Göteborg International Film Festival
Sweden, January 25 - February 4 2013
Oscar Peyrou (Spain), Katja Cicigoj (Slovenia), Alison Frank (UK)
Northwest by Michael Noer
(Denmark, 2013, 91 mins)
Neither Gangster Film Nor Family Drama – But Both at the Same Time by Katja Cicigoj
A Mystical Thriller of a Pilgrimage by Oscar Peyrou
Startsladden: The Swedish Short Competition 2013 by Alison Frank
The Göteborg IFF is not just Scandinavia's biggest film festival; it also boasts one of the most lucrative film prizes in the world. The Dragon Award for Best Nordic Film comes with 1 million Swedish kronor (about €116 000). This year's main Dragon Award went to Before the Snow (Før snøen faller), a debut feature from Kurdish-Norwegian director Hisham Zaman. The festival awarded 18 additional prizes, including a Dragon Award for Best Nordic Documentary (Finnish Blood, Swedish Heart, dir. Mika Ronkainen), and Audience awards for Best Feature (Wadjda, dir. Haifaa Al Mansour) and Best Nordic Film (A Hijacking, dir. Tobias Lindholm). An Honorary Dragon Award went to German director Margarethe von Trotta, who was in attendance at the festival: to mark the occasion, there were screenings of her latest film, Hannah Arendt as well as her 1975 feature debut, The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum.
Göteborg's non-competitive sections included a special focus on British animator Peter Lord (co-founder of Aardman Animations studio, home of Wallace and Gromit), a 'Greece in Crisis' programme tracing the wave of realism in contemporary Greek cinema, and 'Inside Iran', a selection from a larger Rotterdam IFF programme of contemporary films by Iranian directors. For the festival's 'Critics' Week' section, seven critics were asked to present a film of their choice: FIPRESCI's Oscar Peyrou presented The Wild Ones (dir. Alejandro Fadel), Katja Cicigoj presented A Night Too Young (dir. Olmo Omerzu) and Alison Frank presented Tall as the Baobab Tree (dir. Jeremy Teicher). (Alison Frank)
Göteborg International Film Festival: www.giff.se


text:
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Nordic and Baltic countries stand together in the fight against terrorism
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News story | Date: 25/08/2017 | Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Minister of Foreign Affairs Børge Brende met his seven Nordic and Baltic colleagues in Oslo today.
'The recent terrorist attacks in Barcelona and Turku are a reminder of how important it is to continue the fight against terrorism and extremism. Cooperation between the Nordic and Baltic countries can play an important role in this respect,' Mr Brende said.
Norway is chairing the Nordic-Baltic cooperation (NB8) in the area of foreign policy in 2017, and Foreign Minister Brende therefore hosted this year's meeting of the foreign ministers of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Norway, which took place in Oslo today.
'We are living in a time of heightened tension and unpredictability. Closer dialogue on security policy between the Nordic and Baltic countries is a concrete contribution to enhancing the security of the Baltic Sea region. This forum also provides an opportunity for us to agree on how we can work together to address other key challenges,' Mr Brende said.
At the meeting, the foreign ministers discussed relations with Russia, transatlantic cooperation, issues relating to the UN and Europe, and security in the Nordic-Baltic region. It was an open and constructive discussion on important strategic and regional interests.
The Nordic and Baltic foreign ministers agreed at the meeting in Oslo to boost efforts to further the women, peace and security agenda by holding an annual meeting on the topic. The first of these meetings will be held in Copenhagen in November this year.
Read the joint statements from the meeting here:
Women, peace and security (pdf)
Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism (pdf)
Responsible for the ministry's webpages:
Responsible editor: Head of Communications Trude Måseide
Web-editor: Johan Toverud Jensen
Employees in the Ministry: Depkatalog
Organisation number: 972 417 920


A number of years ago, I saw a show on TV all about the work of electric linemen. Unfortunately, I forgot to write down the name of the show and for some time I've been trying to track it down without success. The other day, I caught part of Modern Marvels: Wiring America on The History Channel and thought it might be the one I'd been looking for. After watching the whole thing now however, I know it's not. Still, I think it does a pretty good job of introducing a general audience to the technology of electric transmission. ip address It even mentions my favorite character in the history of electric utilities, Samuel Insull.
Wiring America is as much about telecom as electric transmission, though I found that interesting as well. Coverage of electricity really begins about the 22 minute mark and Insull makes his appearance at 28 minutes.
If anyone has any idea what that show about lineman may have been, please let me know.
This entry was posted in History and tagged linemen, maintenance, Samuel Insull, transmission lines by David. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Layla Moran MP Demanding better for Oxford West & Abingdon
Contact me as your MP
Introduce a Covid Recovery Visa
Layla Moran tables motion urging Government to put communities at the heart of planning reforms
Posted by Steven Lambert | Updated 2020-10-14
Layla Moran, MP for Oxford West and Abingdon, has submitted a motion to the Government urging them to reconsider the new Planning White Paper.
The motion, co-sponsored by Lib Dem Housing Spokesperson Tim Farron, pushes for the government to deal with the problem of 'land banking' (where developers buy land, but avoid building quickly, to try and increase their profits) head-on, by urging developers to build homes that have already been approved and are accessible to the most vulnerable in our society.
The proposed reforms threaten to undermine local plans in Moran's constituency, including the recent plans by the Vale of White Horse District Council to act against land banking. As of the 1 April 2020 there is permission for 10,843 homes in the Vale that have not yet been built. Construction has only started on site for 40% of these.
A report from the LGA, earlier this year, estimated that more than one million homes with planning consent in the past decade are yet to be built. The White Paper pushes for a top-down approach, taking the voice away from communities whilst failing to properly address land banking, as well as failing to deliver genuinely affordable, good, quality homes.
Layla Moran said: "The Government needs to be thinking about those who need housing most – particularly when so many are facing the severe economic consequences of the coronavirus crisis. That's why I've tabled this motion – to push for housing reforms that have the people, local democracy and accessibility at their core.
"I'm so happy to see the Vale District Council outlining a plan to stop 'land banking' and get affordable homes built – our community can show the Government what is possible."
The text of the motion is below:
That this House condemns the deeply problematic Planning White Paper published by Her Majesty's Government; recognises that the proposed legislation will push for a top-down planning approach, leave the problem of land banking unresolved, and risk environmental standards being lowered; notes the importance of pushing for developers to build homes that have already been approved which are more accessible to the most vulnerable in our society; and therefore urges the Government to build at least 100,000 homes for social rent each year, while increasing overall house building to 300,000 a year, substantially help finance the large increase in the building of social homes, build new houses to zero-carbon standards, and devolve full control of Right to Buy to local councils.
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