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Relevant Obscurity
A Miscellany of Classic Literature and other Bookish Adventures
The Classics Club
Classics Club-List #2
2022 Challenges and Multi-Year Reading Projects
The Historical Fiction Reading Challenge 2022
2022 Mount TBR
Reading all Around the World
The European Reading Challenge
Back to the Classics Challenge 2022
Tag: Mill Workers
The Fruit of the Tree, Edith Wharton (1907)
On September 15, 2021 September 14, 2021 By Laurie @ RelevantObscurityIn Book Review, Books1 Comment
"Human life is sacred," he said sententiously.
"Ah, that must have been decreed by someone who had never suffered!" Justine exclaimed.
The Fruit of the Tree is a departure from most Edith Wharton novels that deal with the superficiality and hypocrisy of the lives of the upper class. While that plays a role here, the novel concentrates on the life of factory assistant manager, John Amherst, whose interest in bettering the conditions of the workers put him at odds with the wealthy owners. He is in a constant battle of explaining the evils of exploitation and the benefits of humane working conditions to the Westmore family who are not supportive
Now, young Richard Westmore, the owner of the mills, has died and his wife is named heir and overseer. When John Amherst and Bessy Westmore meet for the first time, he takes her on a tour of the factory and she meets some of the laborers. As they explain their jobs she sees through Amherst's explanations that the dangers they are confronted with could be mediated by more updated equipment and a different philosophy of production. She is shocked by a recent accident on the factory line that left a young family man hospitalized, whose livelihood is now in jeopardy. John continues to speak of the morality of a working environment that is clean and safe, where the workers don't have to come in sick because they have medical care or worry about their babies due to onsite child care and where adult education gives them opportunity for advancement.
As John and Bessy fall in love it is more than an opportunist's dream for John who is convinced he has turned Bessy from a disinterested carefree young woman to his partner in humanizing the lives of the people she has become responsible for. But the first blush of altruism for Bessy begins to fade when she realizes the time that must be spent "working" though she is still supportive of John's aims and goals.
When Bessy's childhood friend, the idealistic nurse Justine Brent, meets John at the bedside of an injured worker conflict arises between the three.
The marriage between John and Bessy is never peaceful. Bessy's business advisors, friends of her deceased first husband, are always at odds with John's plans for the factory and are constantly challenging her to stop him. They tell her that she should be concerned with the financial outlay and that John's ideas do not guarantee a return on the money. When a horse riding accident puts her life in jeopardy any support for John and the factory wanes. John never loses his motivation for reform, though, and tries to press on. He has also lost the encouragement of Justine whose own life takes a turn when she makes a devastating decision prompting her to leave.
Wharton tackles many social and personal issues in this novel. One in particular reminds me of The House of Mirth. Without giving away an important plot twist, she has a character deal with the problem of chronic pain and the medical use of drugs. When Wharton was writing The House of Mirth she went to a chemist to understand sleeping draughts and their potency. She asked how a person would know to increase the dosage without killing themself. While the question in that novel considers a death by suicide or natural causes, the question in this novel is the morality euthanasia.
Wharton always draws her characters with such depth. It is easy to understand, though not always easy to agree on their motivations and here it is no different. John Amherst is committed to factory reform against all the odds thrown at him. Bessy grew up a typical materialistic girl, but has a big heart that has been opened to the inequities of real life. She struggles to do the right thing, but it is not easy for her, especially after she understands that John's commitment to his beliefs infringe upon the luxuries she is accustomed to. Justine just wants everyone to be treated fairly, but comes up against the harsh lessons that being a woman of the working class entails. Suffice it to say, there is no happy ending for anyone in this novel, but perhaps with the passage time all the roughness with will smooth out….
But life is not a matter of abstract principles, but a succession of pitiful compromises with fate, of concessions to old traditions, old beliefs, old charities and frailties….And she had humbled herself to accept the lesson, seeing human relations at last as a tangled and deep-rooted growth, a dark forest through which the idealist cannot cut his straight path without hearing at each stroke the cry of the severed branch, "Why wounded thou me?"
Her world, in short, had been chiefly peopled by the dull or the crude, and, hemmed in between the two, she had created for herself an inner kingdom where the fastidiousness she had to set aside in her outward relations recovered its full sway. There must be actual beings worthy of admission to the secret precinct, but hither to they had not come her way; and the sense that they were somewhere just out of reach still gave an edge of youthful curiosity to each encounter with a new group of people.
"I've no head for business—but I will try to."
"It's not business that I mean; it's the personal relationship—just the thing the business point of view leaves out. Financially, I don't suppose your mills could be better run; but there are over seven hundred women working in them, and there's so much to be done, just for them and their children."
"I have always understood that Mr. Truscomb did everything—"
"Do you leave it to your little girl's nurses to do everything for her?"
Title: The Fruit of the Tree
Author: Edith Wharton
Publisher: Northeastern University Press
Device: Trade Paperback
Challenges: Edith Wharton Project, Mount TBR
"In books I have traveled, not only to other worlds, but into my own."
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Maurice, EM Forster (1971)
Cranford, Elizabeth Gaskell (1853)
The Matriarch (1924), GB Stern/CC Spin #28
CS Lewis, born November 29, 1898, is a Night-Sky Poet and #Narniathon21
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An evergreen perennial to about 60cm (24") tall, and 45cm (18") wide. It has strappy, green leaves and erect stems of bell-shaped, purple flowers.
The genera Liriope and Ophiopogon are closely related and there is some confusion over their botanic names, particularly since some have been renamed recently but are still being sold under their old names. They are both commonly referred to as mondo grass or lily turf.
Liriope muscari grows in all areas of Australia except for the tropics.
Needs protection from snails. Care: Liriopes like well-drained soil and a position in full sun or part shade. In late winter cut back ragged leaves, allowing new leaves to grow in spring. Lift and divide old clumps when dormant in late winter. Protect from snails. Teena suggests planting liriope 40cm (16") apart if you want to try growing it as a lawn substitute.


LFL100XL Lead Free Extended Shank Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve. Used in water heater and hot water storage tank applications to provide automatic temperature and pressure protection to hot water supply tanks and hot water heaters up to 105,000 BTU/hr. They feature an extended shank for installation on water heaters with extra thick insulation as well as a bronze body with NPT male inlet and NPT female outlet connections, unique thermostat with special thermo-bonded coating, and a test lever. Suitable for water heaters with up to 2 in. (51mm) of insulation.


The course is 2 years in duration. Each academic year consists of 2 semesters. The course in timetabled for 3 days per week. The next intake starts September 2005.
The Foundation Degree is a new form of National Qualification and is equivalent to the Level 1 & 2 (year 1 & 2) of a BA (Hons) or BSc Degree.
At the end of the course, successful students will be awarded the qualification of the Foundation Degree in Music Technology and will choose to progress into employment or undertake a third year at the University of Westminster to complete a BA (Hons) Degree in Commercial Music.
The course has been developed as a result of a partnership between City of Westminster College and University of Westminster, UK.
The vocational emphasis of the Foundation Degree in Music Technology is intended to offer learners a combination of technical skills, academic knowledge and transferable skills in sound engineering applied to music, as demanded by the music, live sound, recording, broadcast, creative media and related industries. The course is approximately 75% practical and 25% theory, with a high proportion of live project material.
London W2 1NB, United Kingdom.
What do I need to get on to it?
Applicants will usually be expected to possess one A Level or two AS Levels in relevant subjects, or AVCE or BTEC ND in a relevant subject area.
Applicants with non-standard qualifications, non-UK qualifications or relevant experience are encouraged to apply. City of Westminster College offers interviews to all applicants.


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The Nunawading Warriors Gridiron Club was founded in 1986 by the late James White. The Warriors won the minor premiership in 1988, however were eliminated in the finals series with two consecutive losses. The Warriors would have to wait a decade before they returned to the finals series, which happened in 1998 with a semi final loss to the now defunct Banyule Panthers. From this point, the Warriors have been the pre-eminent team in Gridiron Victoria, going on to play finals football every year except 2003 and winning 8 of the 11 Vicbowls they have contested since 2000. With a win in 2010, the Warriors performed a 3-peat of State Championships. They also completed their second 3-Peat after defeating the Buccaneers in 2012, 2013 & 2014.
Our Division 2 Barbarians also were able to win their first Championship in 2013. The Warriors made history by winning both the Division I Vicbowl and Division II Championship in the same season (Currently there are no other clubs with 2 teams).
The Warriors Junior program has also had great success in winning in 2003, 2009 and most recently in 2016 Junior Championship finishing the perfect season 10-0.
"The Warriors Gridiron Football Club is a forum for the community to enjoy and gain exposure to the sport of American Football. We play the game with pride, and believe in being excellent in all that we do, from on field performance, socialising and through to the development of our people. We are here to support all of our members and their families."
VIC BOWL CHAMPIONS
XVII (2001) V RANGERS 16-0
XVIII (2002) V RANGERS 19-12
XXI (2005) V RANGERS 18-13
XXII (2006) V RANGERS 12-3
XXIV (2008) V RANGERS 6-0
XXV (2009) V RANGERS 34-16
XXVI (2010) V BUCCANEERS 23-14
XXVIII(2012) V BUCCANEERS 22-14 (2OT)
XXIX (2013) V BUCCANEERS 30-13
XXX (2014) V BUCCANEERS 39-14
XXXII (2016) V CRUSADERS 16-12
DIV II CHAMPIONS (BARBARIANS)
III (2013) V ROYALS 20-6
VIC BOWL CHAMPIONS – JUNIORS
VI (2003) V MINERS 20-8
XII (2009) V RANGERS 22-0
XIX (2016) V LIONS 42-6

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Pigs, Time and Space, Installation view from the 11th Shanghai Biennale Why Not Ask Again?
Pigs, Time and Space is a new film installation that addresses the exchange of pigs between Denmark and China. With a pig as the main protagonist Pigs, Time and Space is set in a dream-like universe unfolding the highlights of a historical loop from I Ching, the ancient Book on Divination, to the Schjellerup crater on the moon.


For students considering adding a minor in the Fall of 2015, the options have just increased by one.
The undergraduate minor in Higher Education and Student Affairs Leadership will be offered through the Department of Educational Studies and Research and will primarily be aimed at students who want to eventually have a career in academic administration, and particularly students who are interested in working in student affairs (which at most universities typically covers things such as Residence Life, Greek Life, Student Government, any student clubs and organizations, as well as officers like the First Year Initiative or Admissions), although looking at the curriculum (which includes the class "Myths, Mascots, and American College Culture," as well as classes on diversity on campus and leadership development) the minor would be useful to students aspiring to work in any area of collegiate administration, from being a department chair to an athletics administrator.
Lilian Hill, a professor in the Department of Educational Studies and Research and the program coordinator for the new minor, provided some insight into the thought process behind the development of the new offering.
Adding a minor in this field is good timing for the university. According to the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics, there has been a general trend upwards in jobs opening in the higher education sector, especially in administration, over the last three years. Students then who do add the minor with a plan of going into higher education administration probably have a pretty solid job outlook for the immediate future.
Senior English major Chamara Moore, who won't be able to take the minor but is pursuing a career in higher education, thinks the minor is a good step for Southern Miss. "I see [the minor] as being beneficial since it would give students an introduction to college student developments and work settings in institutions of higher education," she said.
The department is also considering adding an undergraduate major Higher Education and Student Affairs Leadership, but is not very far along in that planning process yet.
Interested students may contact Dr. Hill at 601-266-4622 and lilian.hill@usm.edu.


My interest in creating visuals began when I turned 14 and first owned a camera. I initially had a camcorder and digital camera. I started photographing random things and filmed things that fascinated me. Then I started photographing my friends and family, especially my sister. I became interested in analogue photography because of my close friend Linda, who gave me an analogue camera that had belonged to her mom. I'm not sure if she remembers. I didn't use it much right away but after some time I finally started using it to photograph a friend. It has been over three years since then. I knew that I wanted to shoot analogue from that time onwards, after seeing how beautiful and authentic those first photos turned out.
I decided to go to school to study film directing but during that time I was not able to photograph much. I felt that I didn't have enough time to really focus and give my all. After I finished film school, I decided to focus on photography more and give it another go, but with all my time and passion it deserved. I don't regret choosing to study film because I learned a lot about filmmaking however sometimes I regret not focusing on photography sooner. So now I make it a point to shoot regularly and finally focus on that passion.
Your Instagram feed is full of faces and bodies; what draws you to photographing people and have you experimented with other genres?
The reason I started to photograph was because of the human face. I always loved how my sister looked so I wanted to capture her the way I saw her. I am simply fascinated by that. Especially as a female, I want to capture how I see other females. I want to capture them in a natural way from the perspective of another female.
I have experimented with other genres, I really enjoy capturing still life – more precisely landscapes – since I've been traveling and seeing so many different places. I would also like to try documentary photography.
You have a very distinct style with a beautiful muted colour palette. Tell us about your journey to discovering your photographic direction.
Thank you! I think discovering your style is a journey. As you grow older you explore more about yourself and the way you are. That only begins with trying and experiencing things. I think that's the same for me in terms of photography. I try to always experience and learn new things. I also read to learn more and more about colors.
What do you primarily shoot with and why is it your weapon of choice?
Currently, I shoot a lot with the Canon EOS 300 with a 28-80mm lens. I really like the softness of Kodak Portra 400 and the colors that aren't too orange or green in comparison to some other film stocks.
Who's your lab of choice and do you integrate post production into your film photographs, or prefer to keep them raw?
I think finding a good lab is one of the most important things. I really struggled with that during my travels because I had to try a bunch of different ones. I was really disappointed by a few, which makes it even more important to mention the good ones. In Berlin, I always go to Fotokotti – they are pretty inexpensive and their quality is amazing. I also want to mention a lab in Los Angeles, CA called Gold One Hour Photo – someone recommended them to me and I've been really happy with the results.
I do integrate post production, I won't deny that. Some people really find that a no-no but for me, it's not. I feel like we can't really compare analogue photography from 1900 for example with what we are doing right now. There is a new interest in analogue photography and the way we use it is different, too. The fact is, we digitalize those analogues and in that process, even during scanning, adjustments are made. The scans are getting better because the technology has become better. I think there are are many possibilities that can be created from combining what we have now in terms of Lightroom and the simple outcome of a film roll. I don't edit them too much and always try to stick to the original vibe however sometimes I like to try different things and see how it turns out. In the end, the film look is still there so it's just a kind of a soft signature. I think there is no way to reproduce the look of a developed film image to a digital image and that makes it so interesting to me. No matter how much people edit a digital picture nowadays it will never has the authentic and unique film look.
Do you shoot digital at all or are you 100% analogue?
I try to avoid shooting digital as much as possible because I've become used to shooting analogue these days, and it is my preference. I would say 98% of my work is analogue.
There are many things and they change nearly every week. I do a lot besides photography but I wouldn't say I have a specific hobby.
Show us your most loved photograph captured on film.
This photograph is of my friend, Amelie. I think it's my most loved photograph because it's one of the first shoots I ever did on film, and I have an emotional connection to it. I always loved the eyes of Amelie.
You can only shoot with one camera, one lens and one film stock for the rest of your life. Which do you choose?
That's a hard one…I think I would go for a Mamiya RZ67 with Kodak Portra 400. Although it's really big and difficult to move around with for the rest of my life, I'd get really good quality out of the 120 – I would go for quality if I only have one choice.
Check out more of Nina's work on her website and follow her on Instagram.


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The increased trend of medical treatment for thyro...
Maternal hyperthyroidism and pregnancy outcomes : a population-based cohort study by: Turunen, Suvi Published: (2020)
Maternal thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy : prevalence and effect on perinatal outcome by: Turunen, Suvi Published: (2021)
Pregnancy and perinatal outcome among hypothyroid mothers : a population-based cohort study by: Turunen, Suvi Published: (2019)
Indications for intensive care unit treatment among neonates born to mothers with thyroid disease : a population-based cohort study by: Turunen, Suvi Published: (2022)
Iodine and thyroid status during pregnancy and risk of stillbirth : a population-based nested case–control study by: Purdue-Smithe, Alexandra C. Published: (2022)
Turunen S, Vääräsmäki M, Leinonen M, Gissler M, Männistö T, Suvanto E: The Increased Trend of Medical Treatment for Thyroid Diseases during Pregnancy: A 13-Year National Study. Eur Thyroid J 2021;10:230-236. doi: 10.1159/000515125
The increased trend of medical treatment for thyroid diseases during pregnancy : a 13-year national study
Turunen, Suvi1; Vääräsmäki, Marja1; Leinonen, Maarit2;
Gissler, Mika2,3; Männistö, Tuija4; Suvanto, Eila1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
2Information Services Department, Finnish Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
3Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
4Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab, Oulu, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Finland Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Karger, 2021
Objective: Thyroid dysfunction affects up to 5–7% of all pregnancies. The rates of thyroid hormone use in nonpregnant population have substantially increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to assess possible changes in the use of levothyroxine substitution and antithyroid drugs over time in pregnant women.
Methods: The study data consisted of all singleton pregnancies (N = 736,873) between 2004 and 2016 in Finland collected from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. The Prescription Register and Special Refund Entitlement Register provided information on levothyroxine and antithyroid drug purchases. The annual rates of levothyroxine and antithyroid drug prescription redemptions were explored to estimate changes in exposure rates to thyroid medication from 2004 to 2016. Joinpoint regression analyses were performed to explore interannual variability in levothyroxine and antithyroid drug treatment.
Results: There was more than a five-fold increase in levothyroxine use during the study period; in 2004, 1.1% of pregnant women had levothyroxine treatment, and by 2016, the prevalence increased to 6.2%. In addition, we observed a slight increase in antithyroid medication during pregnancy, but antithyroid drug use during pregnancy overall was very rare. In 2004, 0.05% of pregnant women used antithyroid drugs, and by 2016, this percentage had increased to 0.14%.
Conclusions: Our study shows that the rate of levothyroxine use in pregnancy has markedly increased. This suggests that tracing and screening relevant patients and awareness of thyroid disorders on pregnancy and their significance for the pregnancy outcome have increased and the threshold to treat thyroid disorders has declined.
European thyroid journal
https://oadoi.org/10.1159/000515125
3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics
Antithyroid drugs
This work was supported in part by the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District (Dr. Turunen), the Drugs and Pregnancy Project of the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finnish Medicines Agency (FIMEA), and Social Insurance Institution of Finland (Kela) (Prof. Gissler and Dr. Leinonen).
© 2021 European Thyroid Association. Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. This is the accepted manuscript version of an article published by S. Karger AG in European Thyroid Journal 2021;10:230-236. doi: 10.1159/000515125 and available on https://doi.org/10.1159/000515125.


Thank you for your interest in my Makeup and Photography services.
All appointments will be at my studio at 5410 Indian Head Highway, Oxon Hill, MD 20745. If you would like me to travel to you, please select the makeup service + travel fee.
If there is a time or date that is not shown here, please contact me directly.
If you would like to book a bridal trial, please contact me first to ensure your wedding date is available.
Please bring cash for your appointment balance.
This service is for me to travel to you for makeup services. Must be located in the DC, Maryland Or VA Area.
Travel time must be 40 minutes or less, all locations further than 40 minutes are subject to a higher travel fee.
Please only book this appointment for a Friday from 4-7pm.
This appointment is for the bride for the day of her wedding. Travel is included into this price.
During this one on one lesson, I will cover a full tutorial of my makeup application techniques. I will go over the products and the tools that allow me to create a flawless application.
***If you are looking to learn applications to apply to your makeup application on yourself, I will complete one side of your face and I will guide you while you complete the other side of your face.
***If you are a makeup artist looking to learn new techniques, I will provide a model for you.
During this lesson, we will explore photography. From understanding lighting, camera settings, and how to capture that perfect shot!
***Please arrive with a model, with makeup already complete. You can do touch ups at the studio.
If you would like to learn how to edit images in Adobe Photoshop the additional fee is $150.
This appointment is ideal for the client who wants to learn one area at a time. This appointment will allow you to learn how to fill in your brows, match your foundation, how to highlight and contour, or any other makeup application you would like to learn.
During this session, we will do full length images. This is ideal for a birthday, engagement, branding, or any special event photoshoot. This package includes two looks or outfits. You will receive 6 professionally edited images. Each additional edit it $10. Makeup is not included in this package.
During this shoot a total of 6 looks can be captured. The client will receive 12 edits from this package.


Leather Recliner sofa Set Special Offers » Today sofas come in actually hundreds of styles with never-ending options of upholstery. You could order your sofa email order through companies like Pottery Barn and Kennel and Barrel. Most people will tell you that after style the main thing they look for in a sofa is comfort. Choosing the right style of sofa to enhance your property is key. There are various styles of sofa to choose from, but most manufacturers break them into two different styles, traditional and contemporary. Leather Recliner Sofa Set is For instance, more traditional styles of couch would include barrel back, English arm, tufted back again, tight back and tuxedo.
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Leather Recliner sofa Set Special Offers » However, depending on cloth alternatives a Tuxedo couch could be used in a modern home. Modern day styles include sock arm, route back again and sectional. Some sofas come with pillows mounted on the sofa, some come with loose pillows that you can free style in any manner you choose. Leather Recliner Sofa Set One more thing that provides your sofa a particular style is cloth choice. Once you visit most furniture stores you should have the capability to first choose the style sofa you want and then opt for your choice of fabric. Some manufacturers have 30 or even more different materials you can choose from if you are designing a couch, with the only real limit being how much cash you want to spend. The choice of fabric can add thousands of dollars to the ultimate cost of a couch. Bold shiny colors and geometric designs would be used on modern sofas and softer muted colors and images would be used on traditional sofas.
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Leather Recliner sofa Set Special Offers » Leather sofas are incredibly popular. Leather Recliner Sofa Set with usual attention leather is an extremely durable upholstery choice on a sofa. You will want to keep a leather clean and moisturized.
Another couch option you should consider is whether you will want sofa bed, also called a sleeper couch, or a reclining couch or a convertible couch. Naturally a sleeper couch or convertible couch can come in very convenient as an extra bedroom for a person who may live in an apartment or have an inferior home who still needs to be able to accommodate guests overnight.
Leather Recliner sofa Set Special Offers Much like any major purchase, shop around. Shop around online at different couch selections to enable you to get a concept of what you would like before you visit store after store after store. If you see a sofa doing a web based search you should be able to find a store that offers that one brand.
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Dancing with the wind. Air breezes through this woven-straw openwork panama hat by Lierys. The summery lightness for the traveller from Ecuadorian handiwork is given an Indian emphasis by the wild leather band. With broad fabric lining band.


A terrible accident that happened along Alakija Depot Road in Lagos has claimed the life of one and injured another.
According to report, an Okada man was trying to overtake a tanker while a bus was coming towards him.
There was no way for the Okada man and passenger to escape as they were compromised between bus and tanker. This led to a ghastly road accident with a man brutally losing his life.


"Please also note that Point will share in any increase in property value due to remodeling changes you might make."
And they don't contribute to any property maintenance costs.
Nice. So they get to take part in full asset appreciation without having to pay to maintain the asset.
And you're eating a chunk is the risk since you're the first one to lose money!
So if prices go up, you lose and if prices go down you also lose!
20% of appreciation for 10% of assets . Seems like decent leverage on your risk.
From the point of view of a prospective homebuyer, at first this seems attractive as an avenue toward mortgage reduction. However, as you point out, it's hard to identify where this service adds any value to the asset. I fear that it ultimately results in another large pool of money pumping up the demand side at the expense of new buyers.
If this catches on, the biggest risk I see is that Point (and others appropriating this model) will artificially inflate home values while tremendously negating potential upside for any buyers who buy with Point.
A home which might ordinarily sell for 400 might now sell for 480 because sellers can expect homebuyers to Point their way into affording more home, so might as well charge more for that home.
I don't see this ending well for anybody long-term except for buyers and investors who buy into markets before Point et al. catch on.
What's the expression? "It's expensive to be poor," I think? This seems like a perfect example. Buyers, especially buyers with less capital to risk, trade some immediate cost for a decent loss of upside and a decent gain of downside. Except because quite a few of these less-advantaged buyers could probably have afforded to eat the cost they sold to Point, sellers realize they can charge more to still make that money back from the buyers who otherwise could've put that money to better use.
Good lord, the more this stews in my head, the more this entire pattern seems like a massive disaster waiting to happen.
Indeed. That description mirrors what seems to happen with subsidized drug costs due to everyone having health insurance (speaking of the US solely).
Heh, I knew this pattern had emerged elsewhere but I was struggling to place my finger on it. Subsidized drugs are perfect analogs here purely because of profit potential. Subsidized food I don't think is as directly comparable for a variety of market reasons, but subsidized drugs are a harbinger of what's to come with Point.
That's what mortgages and, really, all loans do. It's why wealth trickles up. The pattern you've recognized is a popular criticism of usury and capitalism in general.
This is great. So Point can identify up and coming areas of the country, make a few investments and then have a lobbying arm to do everything they can to ensure the property values increase. So instead of NIMBY we'll also have NIMIBY, Not In My Investments Back Yard.
We already have too much of it. People buy houses close to municipal airports because the noise floor makes them cheap, then they lobby to have the airport closed because it's too noisy (you bloody well knew about that!), and enjoy a massive ROI when the houses are suddenly worth much more once the airport is gone.
You wouldn't happen to live in Santa Monica, would you? That's exactly what we're seeing around here. I drive by the airport on my way home and see all the signs complaining about the noise and all I can think is, "then why did you buy there? It's not like it's a secret!"
I've dealt with that in Düsseldorf and Graz, mainly.
I actually have a lot of trouble finding cheap houses near annoyances. Sellers just don't seem to care.
I looked at a house 20 feet from a busy train track and no discount from identical houses a block away.
Another one by some kind of firehouse air raid siren and again no discount.
Agreed. Like everybody else obsessed with making housing even more expensive, they're going to be doing pretty much the exact opposite of helping.
Not to mention that you have another avenue on being strong-armed out of making a successful purchase as an owner-occupied. Trying to beat developers in an up-and-coming neighborhood is already a nightmare.
Aren't people already doing this with REITs?
Sort of. REITs typically buy tranches of real estate. They might own entire blocks or office developments or they might own parts of those properties. These deals are typically at least seven figures.
More recently REITs have begun buying up multi families in cities that have historically been owner occupied (typically by immigrant and other marginalized people).
You can see the direction they are moving. Point has done the math and concluded buying single family houses and condos is too risky as a landlord but buying a share of one with generous terms isn't.
Ultimately these shares themselves will be tranched and packaged as CDOs that the big REITs can buy, Point being the facilitator.
They all seem to have leveraged loans that make them sensitive to interest rates.
>There are few asset classes that have outperformed super-prime real estate in the last 60 years. Consider that the median home in Palo Alto sold for less than $20,000 in 1956, versus $2.5 million today — an appreciation rate of 12,500%. Compare that to an approximate 5000% return for the S&P 500 over the same period (much higher with dividend reinvestment, but you'd need to pay taxes on said dividends, making this calculation challenging).
Normally when you're comparing asset classes you don't compare the average of one class to the absolute best possible case in the other. The last fifteen years have been, IMO, a bubble-fueled aberration, and places like Palo Alto are ground zero for that bubble. I'll bet the S&P 500 compares much more favorably to average real estate appreciation over the same time period. Also, why the 60 year time frame, as opposed to, say, 50 or 100?
If the idea is to put people in houses we should do what the Koreans do. They have a contract type called "jeonse", or "key money". It's kind of an intermediate between renting and owning - essentially you give the owner a large lump sum (but not enough to buy the property) for two years. You don't pay rent, and you get all your money back at the end of the contract.
You benefit by getting a place to live without paying rent. The owner benefits by having the use of your money for two years (which he may be using, along with his own money, to buy the place).
It's easier to go rent-->jeonse-->buy than rent-->buy. I'm not really sure why we don't have something like this in the US already, particularly when you can't get a decent return on your savings.
Picking Palo Alto is some extreme cherry-picking there. I assume the way an investor in 1956 would have known to buy there is the proximity of Stanford. What type of return would you get if you did the same thing in Berkeley or near USC in Los Angeles?
In the long term, I think housing should appreciate like inflation, otherwise people are quickly priced out of owning a home. Granted, this is what we are somewhat seeing in Palo Alto, but this is probably a step function due to changing conditions in the area over that time, such as the creation of Silicon Valley. Also, just because the _median_ home price increases that much does not mean an individual home's price increased that much. Again this could be changing conditions in the area.
Not sure jeonse would work in low interest times. I could rent out my $200k condo for $1,000 per month, but making $12k per year on the jeonse (assuming it is 50%, $100k) seems way too optimistic.
Presumably jeonse prices would move like bond prices--when interest rates go down, their prices go up, and vice versa.
Are jeonse-s traded somewhere ? I'm missing your point.
1. I get $100k jeonse for 2 years for my condo that is worth $200k. 2. I rent out my condo for $1,000/month, and take out a $100k HELOC for 3%. So every year I pay $3k interest and have $12k rental income, $9k win for me.
Clearly #2 is the superior option.
A better comparison would be REITs to the S&P500. This comparison ignores financing, maintenance, taxes, repairs, and insurance costs of owning property.
Interesting analysis. I've thought about this from a tax, interest rate, and transactional approach.
Although we often think of landlords and renters in an adversarial way, they might be able to work out a deal that is better for everyone than selling and transferring ownership to the new residents, especially in California.
Think about an an heir to a house in palo alto, a house that her parents purchased in 1970. She doesn't really want to live in it, and is deciding if she should rent it out or sell.
Let's also say that her parents were wise about refinancing and did so when rates were very low. Because prop 13 preserves the low taxes through inheritance, her taxes are extremely low, and would skyrocket if she sells. Furthermore, let's say interest rates have gone up, so whoever takes out the new mortgage will pay a higher rate. Alternatively, if rates are low, she can most likely refinance and pull some money out. If she's smart about this, she can remain cash flow positive and still have a large chunk of money without selling.
In some ways, it just doesn't make sense to sell. It might make sense, at this point, for people who own property to become permanent landlords, and for the vast majority of tenants to be renters. This might even be better for renters, since the overall cost of housing would be lower due to overall lighter taxes and interest rates.
Interestingly, that hasn't happened, so there is clearly a strong motivation to not be a landlord and/or to be an owner rather than a renter. The income tax break could be a big factor here as well - perhaps that exceeds the value of the property tax break?
> It might make sense, at this point, for people who own property to become permanent landlords, and for the vast majority of tenants to be renters.
This is exactly how prop13 distorts the market.
> This might even be better for renters, since the overall cost of housing would be lower due to overall lighter taxes and interest rates.
Until they want to buy. Or until income taxes / sales taxes are raised to counteract falling property taxes.
While I think this is a good idea and people who want to buy small homes may use it the math is pretty hilarious.
Individuals want to be levered as much as they can to the house they buy (I don't have to mark this to market daily), the main preventive cost of the 20% down, Point doesn't reduce the capital required for that, it just makes the mortgage smaller.
Why would I want a lower tax interest write off, still have to put up the same amount of initial capital, pay for all maintenance etc, but only down 66% of an asset?
So I'm not sure what the magic is supposed to be. Is it that they get a larger share of the capital appreciation upside than would be implied by their ownership stake? Also note that this relies on the (normally reliable) assumption that real estate will forever increase in value.
A way for investors to invest in real estate while _lowering_ the overall home ownership rate? A way for short-sighted home buyers to trade a portion of their equity for an extra bedroom and a pool? A way for corporations to reap the main benefit of owning real property while ducking almost all of the responsibility?
This seems both horrifying and inexorable.
Inexorable is absolutely the right word here. Give people a way to live beyond their means and they will take it pretty much every time.
I'm not an expert in finance, but isn't this simply a CDO (collateralized debt obligation) of real estate assets?? In other words Point is simply a CDO fund? The minor differences are that the home owner ("partial home owner"?) assumes the upfront "risk" with the initial down payment, and the homeowner happens to be a few degrees closer to the "owner" of the CDO??? The only innovation that I see - and really its not much at all - is that there are fewer degrees/layers between homeowner and CDO-owner (holder of the fund).
Agreed. Can anyone see how this is a technology play? I get that a16z is looking for returns but is this really the space for them to "add value"? We haven't seen any good ideas lately and we can park a lot of cash here?
I'm seeing a lot of commentary here that doesn't seem to reflect what this is: preferred equity for infrastructure, sometimes called mezz (mezzanine), applied to the residential real estate market.
I think this is super interesting! This type of financing is really common in larger real estate & project financing deals: one speaks of the "capital stack", which can include senior debt, junior debt, preferred equity, and common equity.
I think that the reason this hasn't been done before is because of the complications of finding, diligencing and funding individual homeowners. I definitely agree with the OP that this will be an attractive investment for institutional investors, but getting dealflow from the mortgage industry will be extremely capital intensive... I would expect both a lot of direct retail marketing expenses, as well as pretty rich commissions to real estate agent networks and mortgage brokers to kick home buyers their way. Really cool idea though!!
As other commenters have mentioned, this can only exacerbate any housing bubble, which is true but kind of beside the point. Yes, any reduction in cost of capital will eventually inflate asset prices, but is that a reason to stop offering mortgages, car loans, etc?
> Yes, any reduction in cost of capital will eventually inflate asset prices, but is that a reason to stop offering mortgages, car loans, etc?
Dear god, definitely yes in the case of Point. Are we trying to price out a massive population of disadvantaged people? Mortgages made homes attainable, but there's a reason we enforce minimum down payments etc.: aside from mitigating risks to lenders, it's also to mitigate price inflation.
This is an entirely new product designed to help people with the capability to invest to do so on the backs of those who don't. If we're readily acknowledging the potential, ney, inevitability of price inflation for these assets, we're also acknowledging that there is absolutely zero benefit for people who might consider using Point to aid in lowering their upfront homebuying costs. The net result of this is that not only do disadvantaged homebuyers pay as much as they would pay before Point but for less home, they substantially lose out on upside as a result. All of this is an inevitability if the model proposed by Point catches on.
This has exactly zero long-term upside for tons of people who don't make substantial discretionary income.
The distinction you draw is flawed. The difference between equity and debt financing for any investment - whether it's buying a car, a house, or starting a startup - is really a qualitative one, and neither good nor bad.
Residential mortgages made houses affordable, but they also directly led to the historic inflation in housing prices that has happened over the last half-century. The vast quantities of capital that were unlocked into the residential mortgage market by mortgage-backed securities had exactly the same dualistic effect: they made it easier for middle- and low-income families to buy homes, and eventually inflated the market to dangerous degrees.
Providing senior equity, or junior debt, to finance these transactions will do exactly the same thing. It will make it easier in the short term to buy a house. It will mean that you can finance your house purchase without locking yourself into excessively high monthly payments. And, if successful, it will eventually mean that so many more people can afford houses that the prices will rise in the future.
This is just like how a judicious combination of venture capital and venture debt helps you finance your startup for a minimum of dilution, without excessively high monthly debt payments, but the availability of capital means that rent in SF is inflated.
Yes, Point and its financiers will get rich on this, as did the first mortgage-backed securities dealers and the institutional investors that backed them. But so did the people who bought houses in the 90s with suddenly flush access to mortgage financing.
You say my position is flawed, but I don't exactly see how your explanation differs from my understanding.
As far as I can tell, we both see the same outcome, whereas you don't see how the loss of upside to disadvantaged (read: the vast majority of) buyers shifts wealth upstream while endangering the economy in the event of a downturn when homeowners will find themselves unable to fall back on appreciated equity in their homes.
There are already legal structures in place in every state in the US that define in excruciating detail the modalities of multi-owner real property. Many of these are used as vehicles to pass wealth on to heirs tax free and engage in a variety of other living arrangements (condominiums).
All this seems to me to be is a sophisticated company attempting to pass off as new and innovative to the unsophisticated public something that already exists.
This might be a cool concept for somebody who knows they will stay and want to rent out one place for at least 3 - 5 years.
Even then, I'm not so sure. Because when renting, yes, you pay a premium, but if the house needs repairs, it's not on you. If something happens, you walk away free and clear, etc. For a "lower monthly payment", you are taking on a much larger amount of risk that is Home Ownership and giving away the upside of that risk to someone else who has no obligations for maintenance/home improvements.
This isn't "Reinventing Home Financing", it's buying a home with somebody else who isn't responsible for most of the costs of home ownership yet gets all the benefit. If you can only put 10% down on a home and are that desperate to have a 80% LTV mortgage, sure, this would do it. But there are MANY lenders who do a conventional home mortgage with 5% down. Using Point isn't worth the savings on the Mortgage Insurance. Maybe if you bought new construction, maybe. I'd still say on new construction you're better off taking the chance and not selling the equity in your home.
> If you can only put 10% down on a home and are that desperate to have a 80% LTV mortgage, sure, this would do it.
They don't even help with down payments. Minimum buyer down is 20%. Better to go with a conventional lender.
Do you feel that home ownership should be a money-making investment?
I believe in ownership of assets that appreciate in value. I would not buy a home, as an occupant in that home, to make money (buying an investment property is completely different). In a way, a home is a savings account. You always need a place to live. When you sell your home, typically you will put that money into your next home.
However, today, do you really ever own your home? Even if you owned it outright, you're still paying easily 1.5-3% of its value a year in taxes. This is a completely different argument of course.
It is if you don't live in it and rent it out instead at a rate higher than the expenses.
Or we could eliminate the mortgage deduction, adopt Vancouver's foreign investment restrictions and abolish California's prop13 and its equivalent in other states.
But of course those acts actually would reduce housing prices.
Suggestion to Point: Allow potential customers to fiddle with quote parameters without redoing the entire form. And make it clear when a parameter will immediately disqualify them.
Shared ownership is common in the UK, especially in London. This looks like a way to get in via refinance. what would be interesting is a startup that provides down payment assistance.
"There's no such thing as a free lunch, and in this case Point's lunch comes in the form of capital appreciation..."
I am fascinated by the rhetorical device being deployed here. In the beginning of the sentence, the "lunch" is the money that you save through lower mortgage payments. By the end, the "lunch" is Point's profits, and the tidy transition suggests that everyone wins.
What I don't like about this is the requirement to buy back their share after a fixed term (it looks like their longest term is 10 years).
That makes the contract behave like a short position. If the price of my house starts to rise rapidly, I need to "cover" or risk not having the cash when the term expires.
It's like being long and short in my house at the same time.
That is where I stopped reading. Palo Alto 60 years ago is such a rigged example, why should I believe anything the author says?
This is a new type of financial instrument marketed to the middle class, which is just complicated enough that most buyers won't fully understand it.
Which means it's almost certainly trap. Fifteen years from now, we as a society may regret having allowed this.
I'd love to be able to buy call options on houses in area you're planning on moving to in the future. Maybe someday their mode could support that too?
I don't currently know of any way to lock in current prices for a future purchase.
Sounds like a good way to hedge against declines in your overvalued property without having to move.
"If you don't sell, you can buy back Point's stake at any time during the term at the then current appraised property value."
The calculator won't let you enter an Estimated Ending Price lower than the Current Home Price.
> It's rethinking the fundamentals of residential real estate ownership — making single-family residential real estate a liquid, tradeable asset class.
So it's like a REIT but the income generation is on the appreciation of the asset?
Do you need to pay rent to Point for that 10%?
No. But play around with their calculator and some realistic numbers. You can easily end up paying a huge effective APR for the cash you gain today.
Assuming Point is smart about the homeowners they choose to fund, this ends up being a bad deal for anyone creditworthy enough to qualify in the first place.
If you've got equity and decent credit, most banks right now will give you a HELOC at pretty low interest rates. Which makes you wonder if this is going to be more for the subprime market.


Deny your opponent the planet they most want to capture on their first move. It took me a long time to apply that to Veil, but when I did, my times started improving dramatically.
From 0:00 to 0:04, capture the single planet just to the right of your initial planet.
From 0:05 to 0:21, use units from both of your planets to capture the double planet just visible on the edge of the fog directly to the right of the planet you just captured. Quite often, orange will attack this planet before you can complete the capture. When this happens, start over.
From 0:22 to 0:30, promote the double planet you just captured. At 0:24 you can see that orange sends units to capture a planet below it. This is the move that orange makes when I've had my best times. Sometimes orange will capture the double planet just below the two planets you just captured. You can also get a good time when this happens. If instead of capturing another planet, orange moves to promote its top right planet, start over.
From 0:31 to 0:47, try using the attack and release method to get orange to promote its double planet. I tried that here, but orange promoted its planet in spite of my attempts, not because of them. When orange moves to promote its double planet, you need to destroy and capture its planet.
From 0:48 to 0:58, capture and promote the double planet on the far left. Promoting this planet burns off some fog and allows you to see more of your opponents.
From 0:59 to 1:11, use the attack and release method on the lower left green planet. When green absorbs its units into that planet, destroy and capture that planet..
From 1:12 to 1:22, first build up your units for the coming assault on green. When you have enough units destroy and capture the leftmost green planet.
From 1:23 to 1:31, build up your units on the planet you just captured and wait until your opponents start attacking each other. When that happens, destroy the bottom green double planet.
From 1:32 to 1:36, destroy the other green double planet.
From here you only have one planet of each of your opponents left to destroy. It's best to destroy the orange double planet first, since it is the most likely to be able to capture another planet.


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Emmerdale actress joins Sandbach firm's Chari-Tie appeal
ONE of Britain's best-loved soap actresses has pledged her support to a Sandbach company's charity auction to help young people with disabilities.
Emmerdale star Elizabeth Estensen, better known as Woolpack landlady Diane Sugden, has donated the wedding outfit she wore for her on-screen marriage ceremony to Jack Sugden, played by the late Clive Hornby for Sandbach solicitors Butcher and Barlow's appeal.
It is to raise money for the Leonard Cheshire Disability Home at The Hill.
Elizabeth, also known for her screen appearances in Coronation Street and The Liver Birds, joins a list of celebrities who have donated items including Sir Michael Parkinson and former boxing world champion Ricky Hatton.
Game show host and dancer Anton Du Beke has donated a pair of his dancing shoes from the last series of Celebrity Come Dancing.
The items will be auctioned off at a ball in Lower Peover on Saturday, May 22.
Butcher and Barlow senior partner Charles Barlow said: "We hope their generosity will result in a large sum of money being raised.
"There has been lots of doom and gloom around but we hope the ball will raise spirits and encourage others to support such a worthwhile cause."
Leonard Cheshire Disability helps more than 21,000 disabled people across the country.
The charity's fundraising manager Chris Bryan said: "We are delighted that Butcher and Barlow have gone to such lengths to organise the ball and get so many celebrities to add their support."
Ricky Hatton


text:
Posted on December 12, 2014 December 23, 2015 by Elizabeth Howell
Freak Fast Winds Created Titan's Massive, Mysterious Dunes
Titan is Saturn's largest moon and is constantly surprising scientists as the Cassini spacecraft probes under its thick atmosphere. Take its dunes, for example, which are huge and pointed the wrong way.
Why are they pointing opposite to the prevailing east-west winds? It happens during two rare wind reversals during a single Saturn year (30 Earth years), investigators suggest.
Investigators repurposed an old NASA wind tunnel to simulate how Titan is at the surface, watching how the wind affects sand grains. (They aren't sure what kind of sand is on Titan, so they tried 23 different kinds to best simulate what they think it is, which is small hydrocarbon particles that are about 1/3 the density of what you find on Earth.)
After two years of work with the model — not to mention six years of refurbishing the tunnel — the team determined that the wind must blow 50% faster than believed to get the sand moving.
Dunes on Titan seen in Cassini's radar (top) that are similar to Namibian sand dunes on Earth. The features that appear to be clouds in the top picture are actually topographic features. Credit: NASA
"It was surprising that Titan had particles the size of grains of sand—we still don't understand their source—and that it had winds strong enough to move them," stated Devon Burr, an associate professor at the University of Tennessee Knoxville's earth and planetary science department, who led the research. "Before seeing the images, we thought that the winds were likely too light to accomplish this movement."
The winds reverse when the Sun moves over the equator, affecting Titan's dense atmosphere. And the effects are powerful indeed, creating dunes that are hundreds of yards (or meters) high and stretch across hundreds of miles (or kilometers).
To accomplish this, the winds would need to blow no slower than 3.2 miles per hour (1.4 meters per second), which sounds slow until you consider how dense Titan's atmosphere is — about 12 times thicker surface pressure than what you would find on Earth. More information on the research is available in the journal Nature.
Sources: Arizona State University and the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
CategoriesCassini, Missions, NASA, Saturn, Solar System, Space Exploration, Titan TagsDunes
7 Replies to "Freak Fast Winds Created Titan's Massive, Mysterious Dunes"
How did they simulate the 1/7 gee of Titan?
Scale. Gravity can't scale, but objects and wind speed can scale.
Indeed, gravity does play a role as dune size indicates on Mars and Titan.
"about 12 times thicker surface pressure than what you would find on Earth. "
No: 1.45 times.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_%28moon%29#Atmosphere
UFOsMOTHER says:
Who knows what is under Titans huge thick atmosphere there could even be life on Titan this huge moon is not a lot smaller than Mars but has such a thick dense atmosphere which Mars has lost, We really need to probe Titan along with Europa and I hope I am still around when we do eventually get results….
Cassini has mapped the surface extensively with radar showing the above imaged sand dunes along with lakes, rivers, mountain ranges like, Doom Mons…
Bob Ames says:
According to ASU's article, "they compensated for the low density of Titan sand and the moon's reduced gravity through numerical modeling." Yes, I know, not a very satisfying answer. I'd like to see a micro-wind tunnel experiment fly on a zero-g flight (but at Titan's gravity) to really see what happens (and try various adhesives on the particles, as they may be sticky on Titan). 🙂
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It's amazing really, how obvious it is to everyone else that I am in urgent need of more tramodol, viagra, Louis Vuitton bags, Russian brides, anti-ageing everything, and any number of fake Rolexes. Judging by the spam, I really need an armful of those.
I was especially impressed by the spam from "internet marketing attorney" which was 11,111 words long. Honest. I wonder if that was deliberate.
As you may have gathered, I've just been wading through the spam filter on WordPress to see if it had caught any real comments by mistake (it hadn't). It does happen, though only rarely. Perhaps half a dozen ever, that I'm aware of. On the other side of the balance, I just went through over 800 bits of genuine spam that it had caught before they got posted, so I'm fairly impressed by its efficiency.
One thing that did surprise me though was a single piece of 40K-specific spam. Not advertising 40K, but a whole post probably ripped from BoLS or Warseer about artificer armour and how it should be best used. And, unusually for spam, it was written coherently and by a native English speaker (hence my suspicion it was just cut & pasted). I suppose that every niche will get its own spam in time.
I'm not insinuating it Jimmi, I'm saying it outright. Let the PC brigade come and try. They'll never take me alive!


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Eric Ross | Genocide Watch
Genocide Emergency: Burkina Faso
Since 2016, three armed Islamist groups, the Group for Support of Muslims (JNIM), the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS), and Ansarul Islam, have reigned terror upon civilians in Burkina Faso. The violent insurgency has destabilized the country and produced one of the most alarming humanitarian crises on the continent. Since the insurgency began, civilian deaths have risen astronomically, up more than 650%. In the past 18 months alone, militants have killed more than 2,000 civilians, forced the internal displacement of 920,000 people, and necessitated humanitarian assistance for more than two million Burkinabés.
After Islamist rebels seized power in northern Mali in 2012, a controversial French-led military intervention dispersed the jihadists. The Islamist militants then moved from their stronghold in the north to the south bordering Burkina Faso. There, they regrouped and reorganized, forming the al-Qaeda affiliated JNIM and the Islamic State aligned ISGS.
Concurrently, an indigenous Islamist movement was taking root within Burkina Faso. In 2016, Ibrahim Malam Dicko, a radical cleric and supporter of the Malian jihadists, founded Ansarul Islam and exploited the extreme poverty and systemic government neglect in the Sahel region of northern Burkina Faso to radicalize and recruit local men. Dicko drew his support from Fulani Muslims, who despite comprising a small minority in the country, make up a majority in the region. Many former adherents to Ansarul Islam subsequently joined JNIM and ISGS.
Since 2018, the jihadists have stepped up their attacks. Massacres against Christians and the targeting of churches have become increasingly common and began to spread beyond northern Burkina Faso. In December 2019 an attack on a Burkina Faso church killed 14 Christian worshippers and in February 2020 another attack during Sunday Mass left 24 dead.
A reactionary cycle of violence is taking place across Burkina Faso. Security forces and local self-defense militias are perpetuating this cycle in their attempts to eradicate the jihadist presence. In their increasingly fraught counterinsurgency efforts, government troops have killed hundreds of civilians, as evidenced by a recently unearthed mass grave containing 180 bodies. Where the government troops have been less active, vigilante self-protection forces, such as the Koglweogo Militia, have also committed summary executions of hundreds of people, primarily Fulani, that they perceive to be affiliated with the Islamist groups.
Genocide Watch recognizes the violence in Burkina Faso as Stage 9: Extermination.
To prevent further bloodshed in Burkina Faso, Genocide Watch recommends:
The United Nations deploy a peacekeeping force to Burkina Faso, similar to that of MINUSMA that is currently working to counteract these same groups in Mali.
The government of Burkina Faso protect targeted civilians in the north of the country to help break the cycle of vigilantism.
The government of Burkina Faso and civil society work together to prioritize education and development in the north to combat the roots of radicalization among the population there.
NGOs and international governmental organizations increase humanitarian assistance to Burkina Faso to prevent the further escalation of an already dire humanitarian crisis and to provide options to individuals who may be tempted to otherwise join armed Islamist groups.
Download Alert
Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
JNIM


The image that Todd Phillips shared now has some speculating that our first look at the Joker movie may come sooner than later. Phillips simply captioned the photo by saying, "Editing Joker." Since production wrapped back in December, there haven't been many news updates from anyone. Joaquin Phoenix is notoriously private, so we know he's not going to be out spoiling anything for DC fans, so we've been waiting for Phillips to give us some updates.
Joker hits theaters in October, so it isn't entirely out of the question to get a teaser trailer for the movie in the next few weeks. With that being said, Todd Phillips beat the leakers to the punch by releasing the camera test footage of Joaquin Phoenix in full makeup before the cameras started officially rolling back in October. Since a lot of the movie was shot in and around the New York area, a wealth of images leaked from the set, almost on a daily basis. However, they never leaked anything that could have spoiled the plot.
Even with all of the leaked Joker set pictures and video, the project is still largely mysterious. Joaquin Phoenix teased that it was going to be unlike any other comic book movies that are currently out, noting that they were going for a case study on the Clown Prince of Crime. This is in sharp contrast to what Jared Leto most recently did with the villain in 2016's Suicide Squad. Leto played an over-the-top figure with facial tattoos and a gold grill, which wasn't exactly seen in the best light by critics and DC fans. Phoenix and Todd Phillips are clearly taking a completely different approach for their project.
Joker hits theaters on October 4th, which is just right around the corner. It's possible that we could see a teaser trailer in front of Shazam!, which hits theaters in a few weeks. That would definitely be a wise move by the studio to get some early hype going amongst DC fans and other comic book movie fans who are stuck in between the release of Marvel Studios' Captain Marvel and Avengers: Endgame. Whether or not that happens is anybody's guess for the time being. While we wait to find out, you can check out the latest picture from the Joker movie below, thanks to Todd Phillips' Instagram account.
Did Avengers: Endgame Trailer Cleverly Edit Around These Surprise Characters?


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Child porn in cartoon style - man convicted
A MAN who downloaded "Tomb Raider"-style pictures of computer-generated child pornography has been convicted by a Teesside jury.
Gareth Lightfoot
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Robul Hoque had sophisticated realistic images of children on his hard drive seized by police in October 2006.
The unusual case involving computer graphics is thought to be the first of its type and an important test case.
Hoque, 32, told the Gazette: "I haven't set out to break the law in any way, shape or form.
"If I'd had any sort of inkling these were illegal, I would have told the police about them myself. I don't go looking for child porn. I'm not attracted to kids. I'm not interested in kids."
He denied making nine indecent "pseudo-photographs" of a child, charges dating back to July and August 2006.
After just under two hours' consideration yesterday, a jury unanimously found him guilty on six counts, and cleared him of the remaining three at Teesside Crown Court.
Jurors were told they should convict if they concluded that a picture looked like a photo.
"It is about child pornography," prosecutor David Brooke told the court.
He said the computer in Hoque's Middlesbrough home revealed thousands of cartoon-like images, some crude, some sophisticated.
"Perhaps the equivalent you'll have seen is something like Lara Croft - Tomb Raider.
"These computer-generated images are intended to look as realistic as possible. As technology's moved on, they've become more realistic."
Much of the material was not illegal, but Hoque was charged over nine specific still images. "Although they are not genuine, they appear to be a photograph," said Mr Brooke.
He said two of the images were entirely computer-generated. The other seven contained parts of photographs in the backgrounds.
In a police interview, Hoque admitted downloading the images but denied being interested in child pornography.
After the verdicts, Judge Peter Bowers adjourned sentencing until October 16.
Unemployed Hoque, who looks after his elderly mother and had no previous convictions, was bailed. He will be registered as a sex offender.
Outside court Ray Savage, a forensic computer analyst for Cleveland Police who has worked in the field for 13 years, said: "To my knowledge this is the first case of its kind.
"This certainly in my experience has been a test case.
"They are part photographs and part computer graphic. It's a mish-mash of the two.
"Nationally, I can't think of a case where this combination has taken place."
He said such cases previously involved cutting, pasting and merging of photos.
"Though no actual child has been abused, it helps to feed the demand."
Hoque, of Hardwick Road, South Bank, did not give evidence in his trial. He told the Gazette he came across the material through an internet search and became curious about comic-style pictures.
"I assumed they were legal," he said. "I assumed that everything was above board and OK. It was there in the public domain.
"I haven't been anywhere near any of that stuff since."
Harry Hadfield, Cleveland Crown Prosecution Service advocate and hi-tech crime specialist, gave charging advice in the "singularly unique" case.


Patrick studied at Edinburgh Napier/QMU.
TV/Film credits include The Romance Class (BBC), Outlander (Starz) and Blackbird (Deerstalker Films).
Patrick is a confident guitar and cello player with a strong singing voice.
Patrick Wallace - Showreel from Brennan Artists Associates on Vimeo.


We can reveal that EA Mobile have released a new trailer showcasing some of their big upcoming games for iOS.
Need for Speed: The Run, FIFA 12, Madden 12 and most excitingly, Battlefield 3 were all teased in the video, which you can see below. Battlefield 3 is being released on consoles this year, going head to head with Modern Warfare 3 in a FPS showdown between EA and Activision.
Modern Warfare 3 may never truly see the light of day on mobile, but EA has previously announced that Battlefield 3 would be coming, and the glimpse we get in the video shows promise. The game looks smooth, although there is obviously not a lot going on for the second or so that we see it, and there appears to be a really nice saturated lighting effect going on,.
It may only be a tiny piece of footage, but its at least a confirmation that the title is well on its way to us. Expect an iPad version, although no other, non iOS ports have been announced.
FIFA 12 and Madden 12 look at little bit better than the previous games in their respective series' and Need for Speed: The Run does look interesting. When we find out more from EA, we will let you know, and of course you can expect reviews of all these titles after release.


Volere & Volere is Flying Club since 2007. The flight school, offers courses on sport and leisure flying, advanced aircraft, multiengine, commuter and gyroplanes. The are members of the disciplinary teaching, including two aircraft for advanced courses and a low-wing amphibious aircraft.
Be the first to review Volere & Volare!


We couldn't stop Col. Wolf... perhaps you can.
This scenario was designed to use Arjen's latest painted miniatures, the Hostage Rescue Team. When I saw them I had to see them in action. And kill them. The Battle Report is HERE.
Place a building in the centre of the table. This is where Wolf and his henchmen are.
Surround it with a good amount of small terrain pieces. Car wrecks, shipping containers and other such pieces are great for this! Make sure the lines of sight are few and short (otherwise the HRT will be blown away as soon as they make an appearance).
Finally place fences and walls around to establish a square perimeter. Around this perimeter runs a road.
Place some other buildings and scenery on the other side of this road. Now you can deploy all the police miniatures in your collection (Yes, you need them all! Well only for the looks, they're not really in the game. But it looks good, doesn't it?).
The HRT has to rescue mayor John before he caves in to Wolf. To do so, one of them has to move in to base contact with him and spend 2 AP to free him, or Wolf must be killed or captured.
The hostage-takers have to keep Wolf alive and intimidating mayor John for 8 turns. These don't have to be consecutive. When Wolf has spent 8 full turns intimidating mayor John he wins.
The Hostage Rescue Team ('HRT') deploys anywhere along the police perimeter. They may cross the road whenever the player wants to engage the enemy.
Only when they start crossing the road may they attempt to take shots at the hostage-takers.
Tip: If you think your initial position isn't the best, move the members of the HRT along the police perimeter to a better position. The hostage-takers will not be alarmed as long as you stay within the police perimeter.
But remember that the turn-counter will keep moving!
Silencer: shots fired by a member of the Hostage Rescue Team will not alert the sentries since the sound is muffled by the silencer. It costs 3 points.
The sentries are placed around the building and within the established perimeter. Each turn the controlling player throws a scatter die and moves the sentry in the indicated direction. The sentry will end facing the indicated direction.
At the end of the turn in which a sentry spots a member of the HRT not within the police perimeter, or a shot down sentry within his line of sight he will raise the alarm.
A sentry will also raise the alarm if at the end of a turn there is a member of the HRT within his awareness-range (this range is the same as the number of AP's a unit has per turn, so an average unit has an awareness-range of 6 cm) or he has been hit but was not killed.
When this happens, all sentries become active in their next turn, and may be directed by the player.
Wolf and his henchmen are inside the building. They are intimidating mayor John into cooperation with Wolf. Wolf needs 8 turns to succeed with his intimidation. As long as the alarm is not raised Wolf's Retinue may take no other actions.
In the turn after the alarm is raised they become active, and act as the player wishes. For Wolf to succeed he must remain focussed on mayor John and may do nothing else, but he is free to act as he wishes at any time.
If a member of the HRT enters the room containing the retinue, they immediately become active and may be used in the same turn.


6" Kick Stix - Single - Original Kitty Kick 15" Cat Nip Toy | Meowin of a good time!
The mini 6″ Kitty Kick Stix. This Kitty Kick Stix cat toy set is 6″ long, giving a smaller cat the ability to kick and cuddle while playing. kitten toys. A great healthy treat for your kitty, The Kitty Kick Stix! View our happy kitties in the video above and see why they LOVE the Kitty Kick Stix cat toy. Each order comes with a set of 2.
**Please note: When placing your order, you can only choose the fabric choices for the 15″ stixs. All other sizes are randomly chosen by our cats.


text:
package net.minecraft.block;

import java.util.List;
import net.minecraft.block.material.Material;
import net.minecraft.block.properties.IProperty;
import net.minecraft.block.properties.PropertyBool;
import net.minecraft.block.state.BlockState;
import net.minecraft.block.state.IBlockState;
import net.minecraft.creativetab.CreativeTabs;
import net.minecraft.entity.Entity;
import net.minecraft.entity.player.EntityPlayer;
import net.minecraft.init.Blocks;
import net.minecraft.item.ItemLead;
import net.minecraft.util.AxisAlignedBB;
import net.minecraft.util.BlockPos;
import net.minecraft.util.EnumFacing;
import net.minecraft.world.IBlockAccess;
import net.minecraft.world.World;

public class BlockFence extends Block
{
    /** Whether this fence connects in the northern direction */
    public static final PropertyBool NORTH = PropertyBool.create("north");

    /** Whether this fence connects in the eastern direction */
    public static final PropertyBool EAST = PropertyBool.create("east");

    /** Whether this fence connects in the southern direction */
    public static final PropertyBool SOUTH = PropertyBool.create("south");

    /** Whether this fence connects in the western direction */
    public static final PropertyBool WEST = PropertyBool.create("west");
    private static final String __OBFID = "CL_00000242";

    public BlockFence(Material p_i45721_1_)
    {
        super(p_i45721_1_);
        this.setDefaultState(this.blockState.getBaseState().withProperty(NORTH, Boolean.valueOf(false)).withProperty(EAST, Boolean.valueOf(false)).withProperty(SOUTH, Boolean.valueOf(false)).withProperty(WEST, Boolean.valueOf(false)));
        this.setCreativeTab(CreativeTabs.tabDecorations);
    }

    /**
     * Add all collision boxes of this Block to the list that intersect with the given mask.
     *
     * @param collidingEntity the Entity colliding with this Block
     */
    public void addCollisionBoxesToList(World worldIn, BlockPos pos, IBlockState state, AxisAlignedBB mask, List list, Entity collidingEntity)
    {
        boolean var7 = this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetNorth());
        boolean var8 = this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetSouth());
        boolean var9 = this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetWest());
        boolean var10 = this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetEast());
        float var11 = 0.375F;
        float var12 = 0.625F;
        float var13 = 0.375F;
        float var14 = 0.625F;

        if (var7)
        {
            var13 = 0.0F;
        }

        if (var8)
        {
            var14 = 1.0F;
        }

        if (var7 || var8)
        {
            this.setBlockBounds(var11, 0.0F, var13, var12, 1.5F, var14);
            super.addCollisionBoxesToList(worldIn, pos, state, mask, list, collidingEntity);
        }

        var13 = 0.375F;
        var14 = 0.625F;

        if (var9)
        {
            var11 = 0.0F;
        }

        if (var10)
        {
            var12 = 1.0F;
        }

        if (var9 || var10 || !var7 && !var8)
        {
            this.setBlockBounds(var11, 0.0F, var13, var12, 1.5F, var14);
            super.addCollisionBoxesToList(worldIn, pos, state, mask, list, collidingEntity);
        }

        if (var7)
        {
            var13 = 0.0F;
        }

        if (var8)
        {
            var14 = 1.0F;
        }

        this.setBlockBounds(var11, 0.0F, var13, var12, 1.0F, var14);
    }

    public void setBlockBoundsBasedOnState(IBlockAccess access, BlockPos pos)
    {
        boolean var3 = this.func_176524_e(access, pos.offsetNorth());
        boolean var4 = this.func_176524_e(access, pos.offsetSouth());
        boolean var5 = this.func_176524_e(access, pos.offsetWest());
        boolean var6 = this.func_176524_e(access, pos.offsetEast());
        float var7 = 0.375F;
        float var8 = 0.625F;
        float var9 = 0.375F;
        float var10 = 0.625F;

        if (var3)
        {
            var9 = 0.0F;
        }

        if (var4)
        {
            var10 = 1.0F;
        }

        if (var5)
        {
            var7 = 0.0F;
        }

        if (var6)
        {
            var8 = 1.0F;
        }

        this.setBlockBounds(var7, 0.0F, var9, var8, 1.0F, var10);
    }

    public boolean isOpaqueCube()
    {
        return false;
    }

    public boolean isFullCube()
    {
        return false;
    }

    public boolean isPassable(IBlockAccess blockAccess, BlockPos pos)
    {
        return false;
    }

    public boolean func_176524_e(IBlockAccess p_176524_1_, BlockPos p_176524_2_)
    {
        Block var3 = p_176524_1_.getBlockState(p_176524_2_).getBlock();
        return var3 == Blocks.barrier ? false : ((!(var3 instanceof BlockFence) || var3.blockMaterial != this.blockMaterial) && !(var3 instanceof BlockFenceGate) ? (var3.blockMaterial.isOpaque() && var3.isFullCube() ? var3.blockMaterial != Material.gourd : false) : true);
    }

    public boolean shouldSideBeRendered(IBlockAccess worldIn, BlockPos pos, EnumFacing side)
    {
        return true;
    }

    public boolean onBlockActivated(World worldIn, BlockPos pos, IBlockState state, EntityPlayer playerIn, EnumFacing side, float hitX, float hitY, float hitZ)
    {
        return worldIn.isRemote ? true : ItemLead.func_180618_a(playerIn, worldIn, pos);
    }

    /**
     * Convert the BlockState into the correct metadata value
     */
    public int getMetaFromState(IBlockState state)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * Get the actual Block state of this Block at the given position. This applies properties not visible in the
     * metadata, such as fence connections.
     */
    public IBlockState getActualState(IBlockState state, IBlockAccess worldIn, BlockPos pos)
    {
        return state.withProperty(NORTH, Boolean.valueOf(this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetNorth()))).withProperty(EAST, Boolean.valueOf(this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetEast()))).withProperty(SOUTH, Boolean.valueOf(this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetSouth()))).withProperty(WEST, Boolean.valueOf(this.func_176524_e(worldIn, pos.offsetWest())));
    }

    protected BlockState createBlockState()
    {
        return new BlockState(this, new IProperty[] {NORTH, EAST, WEST, SOUTH});
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) had its origins in 1956 with the establishment of the Rural and Industrial Development Authority Training Center under the supervision of the Rural Industrial Development Authority (RIDA). RIDA Training Centre became MARA College and was renamed MARA Institute of Technology or ITM. Datuk Dr Arshad Ayub became its first Director. This makes UiTM the country's largest university with 180,000 current students and half a million Bumiputra graduates. UiTM has become a symbol of the success of Bumiputeras in Education.


text:
Stagecoach 2017: Photos of the performers and…
Stagecoach 2017: Photos of the performers and their fans on Saturday
John Doe performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
By From Staff Reports | The Press-Enterprise
PUBLISHED: April 29, 2017 at 6:38 p.m. | UPDATED: April 29, 2017 at 11:35 p.m.
Take a look at who performed at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival in Indio on Saturday, April 29.
Tommy James and the Shondells perform for country music fans on the Palomino stage during the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio Saturday, April.29, 2017. FRANK BELLINO, THE PRESS-ENTERPRISE/SCNG
Country music fans watch as Tommy James and the Shondells perform on the Palomino stage during the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio Saturday, April.29, 2017. FRANK BELLINO, THE PRESS-ENTERPRISE/SCNG
The deaf and hard of hearing community signs with interpreter Sam Farley before Randy Houser performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Friday, April 28, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Sam Farley interprets the music of Maddie & Tae for the deaf and hard of hearing community at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Friday, April 28, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Margo Price performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Brett Eldredge poses for a portrait behing the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Kip Moore performs on the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Kip Moore stands for a portrait behind the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Music fans dance as Maren Morris performs on the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Maren Morris performs on the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Tucker Beathard performs on the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Brett Eldridge performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Jamey Johnson performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Kip Moore performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Willie Nelson performs at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
The crowd listens to Willie Nelson perform at the Stagecoach Country Music Festival on Saturday, April 29, 2017. (Photo by Sarah Reingewirtz, Pasadena Star-News/SCNG)
Shania Twain headlines on the Mane Stage Saturday April 28, 2017 on the second day of the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio. (Photo by Will Lester-Inland Valley Daily Bulletin/SCNG)
Robert Ellis perform for country music fans on the Mustang stage during the Stagecoach Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club in Indio Saturday, April.29, 2017. FRANK BELLINO, THE PRESS-ENTERPRISE/SCNG
More stories, photos from Stagecoach 2017
These photos show you what it's like to be at Stagecoach 2017
See what you can only do at Stagecoach
Photos of Dierks Bentley's headlining performance
Photos of the bands and their fans on Friday at Stagecoach
Live updates from Stagecoach 2017
5 differences between the Stagecoach and Coachella festivals
Bailey Bryan takes being the new kid at Stagecoacjh in stride
Here's how to get free swag at Stagecoach 2017
Ditch Stagecoach's Mane Stage for Willie Nelson, Jerry Lee Lewis and these other 8 acts
How to listen to Stagecoach 2017 online
Here's when Shania Twain, Dierks Bentley and all of the other performers go on stage
Dierks Bentley's fired up to headline day 1 of Stagecoach
Shania Twain's Stagecoach set will debut new songs from first album in 15 years
Stagecoach 2017 isn't Kenny Chesney's first rodeo
How the Stagecoach Country Music Festival honors legends and upstarts