President Trump showing a signed executive order on Cuba policy, Fri, 16 Jun 2017 in MiamiOverall, I don't see anything in Trump's policy that will directly impact the Cuban Internet, but it will have an indirect impact by delaying the eventual rapprochement between the US and Cuba.
On June 12th, I speculated on Trump's forthcoming Cuba policy and its impact on the Internet. He outlined his policy in a June 16th speech (transcript) and the Treasury Department published a FAQ on forthcoming regulation changes. It looks like my (safe) predictions were accurate.
I predicted he would attack President Obama, brag about what he had done, make relatively minor changes that would not upset businesses like cruise lines, airlines, and telecommunication and hotel companies. I also said he would criticize Cuban human rights, while hypocritically ignoring the issue in other countries.
For example, he slammed President Obama and bragged that "I am canceling the last administration's completely one-sided deal with Cuba."
This does not come close to passing a fact-check. He said he was going to restrict people-to-people travel and stop people from doing business with companies owned by the Cuban Military, but that is far from canceling President Obama's "deal," which included little things like establishing diplomatic relations, reducing constraints on remittances, dropping the wet-foot, dry-foot policy, allowing US companies to do business with self-employed Cubans, allowing US companies to sell telecommunication equipment and services in Cuba, taking Cuba off the list of state-sponsors of terrorism, etc. You get the idea — he canceled none of this.
His statements on Cuban human rights are either 100% hypocritical, or he has changed his mind since his speech in Saudi Arabia last month. At that time, he promised that "America will not seek to impose our way of life on others but to outstretch our hands in the spirit of cooperation and trust."
If he really has changed his live-and-let-live human-rights policy, we can expect a spate of new sanctions, from Manila to Moscow.
I had one surprise — his singling out hotels and other businesses operated by the military-run conglomerate, Grupo de Administración Empresarial S.A. (GAESA). Officials say existing hotel deals will not be effected, but the detailed regulations have not yet been released. This change will cut Cuban worker's jobs and GAESA's profit, but I guess the ban is good news for AirBnB and any future Trump hotel or resort in Cuba.
How about changes affecting the Cuban Internet?
I read the Fact Sheet on Cuba Policy, looking for changes that would affect the Internet, and did not find much.
The first "key policy change" is "allowing American individuals and entities to develop economic ties to the private, small business sector in Cuba." Someone should let him know that President Obama made such changes some time ago, for example in allowing software imports from the private sector.
In fact, someone should read him President Obama's 2009 Fact Sheet – Reaching out to the Cuban people. That document introduced many changes which enhance the ability of Cuban private, small businesses to "develop ties to the US," for example by authorizing "greater telecommunications links with Cuba to advance people-to-people interaction at no cost to the U.S. government." The fact sheet lists seven concrete telecommunication policy changes, none of which were "canceled" by Trump.
He has canceled none of President Obama's changes to encourage private Cuban business and added nothing new himself.
One change he did make is stopping "self-directed, individual travel" to Cuba. That will force would-be tourists to join fake groups and fake their travel reports or go to Aruba instead of Cuba, but it will not slow the deployment of Chinese telecommunication infrastructure.
I hope Trump's policy will not undo the progress made by Google in establishing a relationship with Cuba and gaining permission to install Google Global Cache servers on the island. The servers are not yet in use, and when they go online they will have a small practical impact, but they indicate that Google has built trust and a relationship with the Cuban government and Internet community. I bet representatives of Google and other companies who have established relationships with Cuba are trying to reassure their counterparts that this is a temporary, unpopular change in US policy.
Overall, I don't see anything in Trump's policy that will directly impact the Cuban Internet, but it will have an indirect impact by delaying the eventual rapprochement between the US and Cuba. The Cuban government will enjoy a few more years of claiming their economic problems are the result of the US embargo, the integration of the Cuban and American people will be slowed and The Chinese, Russians, and Iranians will have more time to establish political and business relationships in Cuba with diminished competition from the US.
Trump's speech did not change much practically — its intent and impact were symbolic. It let him say he had carried out a campaign pledge, which was music to the ears of the Cuba-hardline audience at the Manuel Artime auditorium, named for a leader of the Bay of Pigs invasion. The talk lasted about 39 minutes with 53 applause breaks (50 for Trump, 3 for others) and a violin rendition of the Star Spangled Banner. Add to that the fact that Trump speaks slowly and repeats a lot of words and phrases, you realize that the speech was 90% political cheerleading and 10% content. You can watch the speech here on YouTube, but reading the transcript is a lot quicker.
For a more comprehensive critique of Trump's Cuba policy see this article by Ben Rhodes, who was one of two White House staff members handling the negotiations leading up to our opening with Cuba. I also recommend the podcast interviews of Rhodes and Dan Restrepo, who served as a top Latin America advisor to President Obama and wrote a Cuban-rapprochement roadmap for candidate Obama before he was elected President. The interviews reveal President Obama's strategy and describe the negotiation process.
Local Time: Wednesday, April 24, 2019 01:04 PM PDT – Page Load: 0.3216 Sec.


Peacock Parade is a striking collection of designs from Fabric Freedom. The jewel colours are vibrant and the designs are embellished with gold metallic. Beautiful proud peacocks display their feathers and are mixed with florals and paisley designs. Tossed spots, which could be symbolic of the peacock crown, are decorated in gold metallic splatter. We have put together 3 different fat quarter metre packs from these designs. Both the blue one and the turquoise have 6 fat quarter metres in each and could be used together in one project if wished. The flame red pack has 7 fat quarter metres. Another fantastic collection from the designers at Fabric Freedom.


HOUSE OF JIGSAW 2 » Other Stuff » Everything else » Making T!!!!!
I was initially confused. Chamomille, peppermint, lemon ginger? Then I realized.... it doesn't have to be so difficult! I don't HAVE to make a decision, just a letter on a piece of paper! Or... a FORUM! By gosh, I'm making T!
Well... I guess no one liked it. Or even tried it. Thanks, everyone, REAL NICE.


This Habersham County tradition features family entertainment that includes: carnival, livestock judging, arts & crafts, various exhibits and demonstrations, and nightly entertainment. The fair starts on Sept 11 and runs through the 19.
Come enjoy The Miss Chattahoochee Pageant, Talent Contests, Arts, Crafts, Livestock Shows and Thrilling Rides all week!


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Q: how to work with iburg tool in compiler design I am a little confused about iburg technology. How it is used? It creates code reduction.But it has terms like addsi, asign, etc.. How do I use them?

A: Basically, iBurg is a code-generator generator that uses dynamic programming at compile time. It's written in ANSI C so the operations are also based on ANSI C programming pattern.
To find out more you can refer this.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Personal Power 2 - Listen to Tony Robbins Personal Power 2 audio cd's for one month to remove limitations and increase your personal power for a successful. Anthony Robbins' Personal Power II: The Driving Force! (25 CD Set) [Anthony Robbins] on solidonorte.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Shows some. Personal Power II has ratings and 22 reviews. Wambui said: This book and the audio program where the catalyst for me re-inventing my life and fully u.
5 Dec - 29 min - Uploaded by DigitaliseMe PERSONAL POWER 2 [Audiobook] Unleash the Power Within: Personal Coaching to. 10 May - 48 min - Uploaded by Nick Memphis Personal Power II How To Condition Yourself For Wealth. Nick Memphis About Personal. 12 Mar - 4 min - Uploaded by BelieverBody solidonorte.com For more than 30 years Tony.
Find great deals for Anthony Tony Robbins Personal Power II 30th Anniversary Ed. 24 CD Set. Shop with confidence on eBay!. 11 Apr Stream 3 - Anthony Robbins - Personal Power II - Taking Control - The First Step by user from desktop or your mobile device. 12 Apr Stream 6 - Anthony Robbins - Personal Power II - The Power Of Focus by tony larsin from desktop or your mobile device. 14 Dec Tony Robbins Personal Power II We don't all live with Tony Robbins but that doesn't mean you he can't be a daily part of your support system. Stream 11 - Anthony Robbins - Personal Power II - Success Conditioning - The Power Of Rituals by tonytonyl from desktop or your mobile device.
19 Jan Does Anthony Robbins 's Personal Power II work? Check out this review to see if it is worth your money or not. 20 Sep Personal Power is a month-long transformation program by Tony Robbins. The idea is that you listen to a recording per day and take action as. Check out this article that explains the difference more in depth. 1. Unlimited Power - Tony Robbins first book. 2. Unleash the Power Within - Tony Ro. 29 Apr Tony-Robbins-Personal-Power People often ask me how I've gotten so much done by age 30 (I'm 32 now), if I have any advice for.


My life is Murphy's Law demonstrated.
But I can't put it all down to pure misfortune. It's most probably brought about by my baseless belief that everything will probably work out okay and not really preparing for the possible (read: inevitable) fallout when plans don't come together as expected.
From the many almost missed planes and the misplaced bikes, to the camping mishaps and the countless moments wondering desperately how I am going to get myself out of the latest strange scenario.
But this stuff happens to everyone, right? Right??
Some of the pieces I write could be considered guides, others are simply stories but these are the mishaps. Over the years I've learned to see the humour in it all and I hope you do too.
I originally considered an alternate title: 'The Otways would be lovely if I weren't a fool' -- but it really is far too lengthy and way too accurate.
A frantic adventure, an epic conclusion. Alls well that ends well. Thank god.


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New North Highlands Walmart Opens for Shoppers
New Walmart provides approximately 300 jobs, plus savings on wide selection of merchandise – in stores and online
New store located at 4675 Watt Ave.
North Highlands Walmart creates approximately 300 new jobs
Store open 6 a.m. to midnight
Local Facebook page: www.facebook.com/walmart4393
NORTH HIGHLANDS, Calif., April 15, 2015 – A new Walmart is opening Wednesday, April 22, following a brief ribbon-cutting ceremony at 7:30 a.m. The new store is conveniently located at 4675 Watt Ave. and is open 6 a.m. to midnight. The store will provide North Highlands residents with low prices on a broad assortment of groceries and merchandise, along with a full service pharmacy. Walmart is making shopping more convenient than ever as local residents can shop for more than a million additional items online on Walmart.com and pick them up at the new North Highlands Walmart store for free, often as quickly as the same day.
The new store employs approximately 300 full- and part-time associates. Store manager Thaddeus Segura began his Walmart career in 2012 as a co-manager.
"With Walmart's entry into the North Highlands community, we are excited to bring much-needed business back to this part of town," said Segura.
Fresh, Affordable Produce, Meat and Groceries
North Highlands customers will find meal and entertaining essentials, fresh produce and a full line of groceries from leading brand names, including organic selections. By working with growers, Walmart is able to provide farm-grown quality produce at added convenience and low prices. There is also a wide variety of meat and bakery selections, including fresh baked breads and tortillas.
Convenient Local Pharmacy and General Merchandise
In addition to groceries, the store features quality, value-priced general merchandise, including electronics, furniture, home decor, automotive, sporting goods, home improvement and more.
The pharmacy, with a drive-thru offers a full range of products and services. Pharmacy team members are ready to assist customers with product and prescription questions. North Highlands residents can easily transfer prescriptions and order refills on the go with the Walmart mobile app for iPhone and Android.
"The residents of North Highlands could not be more pleased to have a new Walmart that will create jobs and provide the community with fresh groceries," said Sacramento County Supervisor Susan Peters. "We are all optimistic that the opening of this new store will usher in a rebirth of the Watt Corridor and jumpstart economic activity in the area."
The grand-opening celebration includes presentations of $6,000 in grants from Walmart to local community groups, including 3 Point 0, Helping Hands of Sacramento, and the Sacramento Sheriff's K9 Association.
In addition to the grants given as part of the grand opening, the new store will further Walmart's pledge to fight hunger in America. As part of Walmart's and the Walmart Foundation's $2 billion commitment to fight hunger through 2015, Walmart stores in California donated approximately 23.1 million pounds of food, in fiscal year 2014, or the equivalent of 19.3 million meals. Additionally, Walmart and the Walmart Foundation gave more than $47.1 million in fiscal year 2014 in California alone. For more information on Walmart's fight against hunger, visit http://foundation.walmart.com/our-focus/hunger.
A Big Family Welcome
Walmart is happy to be part of the North Highlands community and is ready to celebrate with residents on Saturday, April 25. A Big Family Welcome will give customers a chance to meet Segura and enjoy fun family activities and free food samples while supplies last. Join the celebration from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.
About Walmart
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (NYSE: WMT) helps people around the world save money and live better – anytime and anywhere -- in retail stores, online, and through their mobile devices. Each week, more than 250 million customers and members visit our 11,202 stores under 71 banners in 27 countries and e-commerce websites in 11 countries. With fiscal year 2014 sales of over $473 billion, Walmart employs more than 2 million associates worldwide. Walmart continues to be a leader in sustainability, corporate philanthropy and employment opportunity. Additional information about Walmart can be found by visiting http://corporate.walmart.com on Facebook at http://facebook.com/walmart and on Twitter at http://twitter.com/walmart. Online merchandise sales are available at http://www.walmart.com and http://www.samsclub.com.
North Highlands Walmart
Store Facts
Location: 4675 Watt Ave., North Highlands, Calif.
Size: Approximately 118,000 square feet
Store manager: Thaddeus Segura
Hours: 6 a.m. to midnight
Grand opening: Wednesday, April 22, following a brief ribbon-cutting ceremony at 7:30 a.m.
Number of jobs created: Approximately 300
Full-time and part-time positions
Full line of groceries, including
Full-service deli
Prepared meal options
Organic/natural selections
Convenience services include
Walmart Site to Store
Vision Center
Walmart will present $6000 worth of grants to the following area organizations:
3 Point 0
Helping Hands of Sacramento
Sacramento Sheriff's K9 Association
Facebook: www.facebook.com/walmart4393
#MyNewWalmart
Saturday, April 25 from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Media contact: Kristin Cockerham, Landis Communications, 415-359-2315
Walmart Media Relations, 800-331-0085
Walmart information online: www.corporate.walmart.com; merchandise sales: www.walmart.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: How to sort unique np array elements by occurence? I would like to implement the following code:
a = [1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5]
sorted(a,key=a.count,reverse=True)
>>> [5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 1, 1, 2]

For the case when a is a np.array
a = np.array([1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5])

How to do it? np.array has np.unique() function that calculate occurence of each element, but I don't see how can I utilize it here.

A: You can use np.unique with its optional arguments return_counts and return_inverse -
u, ids, c = np.unique(a, return_counts=True, return_inverse=True)
out = a[c[ids].argsort()[::-1]]

Sample run -
In [90]: a = np.array([1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5])

In [91]: u, ids, c = np.unique(a, return_counts=True, return_inverse=1)

In [92]: a[c[ids].argsort()[::-1]]
Out[92]: array([5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 2])

A: You're looking for return_counts which you can combine with argsort + repeat.  This will not guarantee the ordering of elements that appear the same number of times (notice the 4 before the 3, same count, but not "stable").

u, c = np.unique(a, return_counts=True)
i = np.argsort(c)[::-1]
np.repeat(u[i], c[i])

array([5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 2])

A: To exactly mimic sorted/list behavior @Divakar's soln can be used with a small modification:
al = [1,2,3,2,1,3,2]
aa = np.array(al)

sorted(al, key=al.count, reverse=True)
# [2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3]

u, ids, c = np.unique(aa, return_counts=True, return_inverse=True)
aa[(-c[ids]).argsort(kind="stable")]
# array([2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3])

If aa is large,
from scipy import sparse
sparse.csc_matrix((aa, (c.max()-c[ids]), np.arange(len(ids)+1))).tocsr().data
# array([2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3], dtype=int64)

may be slightly faster. Not much, though, because in both cases we first call the expensive unique, unless data are none too large integers in which case faster alternatives (to which @WarrenWeckesser appears to allude in the comments) are available including the sparse matrix trick we just used; see for example Most efficient way to sort an array into bins specified by an index array?.
aaa = np.tile(aa,10000)
timeit(lambda:aaa[(-c[ids]).argsort(kind="stable")], number=10)
# 0.040545254945755005
timeit(lambda:sparse.csc_matrix((aaa, (c.max()-c[ids]), np.arange(len(ids)+1))).tocsr().data, number=10)
# 0.0118721229955554


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Q: asp. net without load page Here below response send my windows application to my site
http://www.abcd.com/response.aspx?name=bala
response page i dnt want to load.
in which event i write code to get the parameter like 'name'
in page load
dim str as string=request.querystring('name')

i get the name. but i dnt want to load that page.
all the response i want store any text file. it is possible with out load the page in asp.net?

A: You can change the content-type of the page so it doesn't attempt to load in your browser, and instead opens a text file for you.  Something like this:
Here's the .aspx page:
<%@ Page Language="VB" AutoEventWireup="false" CodeFile="myPage_export.aspx.vb" Inherits="myPage_export" %>

Here's the code-behind:
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Web.Configuration

Partial Class myPage_export
    Inherits system.web.ui.page

       Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load

       dim str as string=request.querystring('name')
       If str = "whatever" THEN 'send text file instead
          mytxt = 'Open or Create your text file here

           myFileName = "testfile.txt"

           Response.ContentType = "application/txt" '<--verify the txt part -- I'm not sure if that's the correct code

           Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + myFileName)

           Response.Write(mytxt)
        Else 'let them open a web page
           response.redirect("some web page")
        End
    End Sub

End Class

A: If you don't want to load the page, you could do a Response.Redirect to another page.  Use Page_Init to handle this at a level above the Load event.

A: If you dont want to send any response to client you can just send a 204 No Response http header. I think a one line code in your page_load will be enough.
Response.StatusCode = 204

A: Using WebForms with ASP.NET, you're going to return a page of some description, because that's the way that the WebForms abstraction works. As Keith says, you can return a different page using Response.Redirect, but you'll return a page all the same.
This is the beauty of ASP.NET MVC and I recommend it over WebForms.
With WebForms, a URL refers to a resource that the server is expected to return.
With ASP.NET MVC, a URL describes an instruction to a controller.


Thanks to the portable, lightweight, and affordable, the camping hammock is considered as the best item you should have when going camping. It was used for the first time in South America, especially those who were sleeping above a wet ground. Over the years, the conventional hammocks have evolved regarding the design in which many of them have incorporated with the high end technology so as to make the difference from the rival.
When choosing a hammock, you may end up being overwhelmed due to the multiplicity of the choices available. There have a plethora of factors should be taken into considerations, like the materials, which are indicative for the durability of camping hammock. Besides, you should keep in mind the comfort, especially when you have a tendency of sleeping during all days. Before making a purchase, you can read some reviews from other individuals to make it easier in making a comparison of your options. If you are looking for the best camping hammock, there is no need to look any further. Keep on reading this full article as it will give you insights on a lot of important features.
To be able to select the best camping hammock for you, one of the most important thing needed considering is the size. In this situation, the author refers to the size of the camping hammock without being folded or being compressed. For the ideal point, it is highly recommended to choose the camping hammock with the larger size, particularly for sleeping. You can pick the camping hammock up, which is enough space for 2 individuals. However, the size of camping hammock has an impact on the weight. The larger hammock means the heavier. Nonetheless, multiple technological innovations make it possible for producer to create the large and lightweight hammocks. With this type, you may not compromise about the weight even if you are going to purchase the larger hammock.
The following factor when making a comparison among the choices for the best camping hammock will be its portability. It means that when being folded, the hammock will be lightweight and easy to bring. It takes for granted that nobody wants to carry the burden of a bulky camping hammock when trekking or camping. With this reason, the producers have tried a lot of different ways to make the hammock as portable and compact as possible, which makes it easy to carry.
When mentioning the portability, it is just the size you learn about. Take into account the accessories included to make the camping hammock become more portable. For example, almost producers will give a carrying bag along with strap to make it easy for the users to carry the camping hammock under the various terrains.
The total construction of the camping hammock would be one of the pivotal factors, which needs to keep in mind. The first thing you should do is to take a look at the materials used. Always ensure it is both durable and comfortable. In addition, it should be waterproof or at the minimum, it may be quickly dried to be used outdoors.
When coming to the construction of camping hammock, it is quite essential to learn about the way how it can be hung on the posts or trees. Usually, they will use steel carabiners on each side and can attach a rope.
You should also spend your time to take into account how easy the camping hammock will be set up. To understand this feature, you can search online or through some reviews from experienced people. The least that you want is to finish choosing the model, which is complicate to set up. This would be frustrating, particularly when you have regular camping trips.
When it comes to the ease of using a camping hammock, you should keep in mind how easy it can be to have it tied surrounding the post or the tree. There must be suspension straps given, and more importantly, you can adjust it easily. Take the camping hammock down also does not require too much energy and effort on your end.


text:
Guitjo is a plucked string instrument in the guitar or banjo family.
 Guitjo (six-string), a six-string banjo with the neck of a guitar, also known as a banjitar or banjo guitar
 Guitjo (double-neck), a (generally) fourteen-string instrument with two necks on a single guitar-like resonating body

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


To access your private account, simply fill in your email address and password below.
You can view & save a list of people you send credits to, so you don't have to re-enter it everytime.
Your billing and account information is saved. No need to re-enter it.


[Infographic] Should You Recruit on Talent, Passion or Cultural Fit?
The stakes are high when it comes to talent acquisition. A bad hire can cost between 50-60% of the person's annual salary, and a third of business leaders estimate they've wasted over 50 hours on the recruitment process.


When people think of getting a good night's sleep, they usually picture huge, plush beds with pillow top mattresses, luxurious comforters and soft, fluffy pillows. What most people do not think of, however, are air mattresses. On the contrary, for most people the term "air mattress" is synonymous with tossing and turning, fitful spells of sleep and generally being full of all sorts of aches and pains the next day.
If you are one of these people, you might be surprised to know that air mattresses have come a long way in the last couple of years. No longer only the last resort when unexpected family comes to visit, air mattresses now have decades of technology and research behind them, and most modern air mattresses today are able to deliver a premium night's sleep for only a fraction of the cost of a traditional mattress.
The SoundAsleep Dream Series Air Mattress is one such mattress. With its advanced comfort and convenience features, you'll be amazed at how much this air mattress can offer.
So, how much more advance can an air mattress get, you ask? For starters, even though this is an air mattress, it still provides maximum comfort in the form of an internal coil system. That's right, even though it doesn't have springs, the SoundAsleep Air Mattress if outfitted with 40 internal coils that give you support while you sleep, and provide long-lasting durability to the mattress as a whole.
What's more, if you're worried that this mattress is going to be a hassle to inflate or deflate, then worry no more: the included internal pump makes inflation (and deflation) a breeze by giving you problem-free one-touch action. Just start the pump and the bed inflates completely in under four minutes! And because it's automated, you don't have to worry about sagging or under-inflated beds. Furthermore, when you're ready to put it away, another touch deflates the bed completely, eliminating excess air so it folds easy and conveniently. And did we mention the motor was 20% quieter than competing models with similar pumps?
Queen-sized dimensions: 78" x 58" x 19"
Waterproof flocked top for extra comfort and strength.
In other words, this mattress comes highly recommended by thousands of people who have bought this mattress and use it -- some occasionally as company demands, and others on a nightly basis!
Can this work as a permanent bed?
For a short period of time yes. The manufacturer recommends you do not exceed nightly use for more than two months, as even the strongest of air mattresses will eventually start to lose their integrity after continual use.
Does this type of mattress come in other sizes?
In conclusion, the SoundAsleep Dream Series Air Mattress is the perfect solution when you need an air mattress but also want to actually get a decent night's sleep at the same time. With advances in technology, air mattresses do not need to be an uncomfortable torture device, and this mattress proves that!


text:
A LOOK BACK: God's People, part 147: The Baptist
January 7, 2022 Rev. Todd R. Lattig	Leave a comment
Read Luke 3:1-22
"So he immediately sent an executioner to the prison to cut off John's head and bring it to him. The soldier beheaded John in the prison, brought his head on a tray, and gave it to the girl, who took it to her mother." (Mark 6:27-28, NLT)
Part 147: The Baptist. Virtually everyone, at least in the Western World, has heard the name of John the Baptist. They may not know much about him or his theological significance; however, they have at least heard about him and probably have visions of a wild, hairy crazy man shouting at people while standing in the middle of a muddy looking river. Even so, that image is not too far from the truth and it was certainly how Herod and some of the Jewish religious leaders thought of him.
No doubt, in first-century Judaea, John was a little too fiery for his own safety. His sharp words and accusations against sinners in general, but specifically against the political and religious authorities, were dangerous because of the constant threat of revolt. The last thing Herod or the High Priest at the Temple needed was someone to come along and stir up a revolt. Such a revolt could cost all of them their positions and their lives under Roman rule.
John's message was clear and consistently recorded in all four of the Gospels. Mark wrote: "This messenger was John the Baptist. He was in the wilderness and preached that people should be baptized to show that they had repented of their sins and turned to God to be forgiven" (Mark 1:4, NLT). Matthew wrote: "'In those days John the Baptist came to the Judean wilderness and began preaching. His message was, "Repent of your sins and turn to God, for the Kingdom of Heaven is near'" (Matthew 3:1-2, NLT).
Luke wrote: "Then John went from place to place on both sides of the Jordan River, preaching that people should be baptized to show that they had repented of their sins and turned to God to be forgiven" (Luke 3:3, NLT). Finally, John's Gospel does not reveal John's actual message; rather, it echoes the Synoptic (Matthew, Mark and Luke) Gospels' account of John's prophetic purpose: "I am a voice shouting in the wilderness, 'Clear the way for the LORD's coming!'" (John 1:23, NLT).
But that is not the message that got John in trouble. What caused him to be so dangerous is that he called out the religious leaders for being a brood (or family) of snakes. He told them that they would not escape God's wrath or fiery judgment. He also called out Herod Antipas for having an affair with his brother's wife, Herodias, and "Many other things." Because of his persistence in challenging people to repent of their sins and follow God, John the Baptist was arrested and eventually beheaded.
The truth is that NOBODY likes to be called out or challenged. For instance, some people have told me that they didn't like my Advent sermon series, including my Christmas Eve service, because it used Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Hitler as an illustration as to why this dark world needs Christ and why it is important we "pledge our allegiance" to Christ and make room for him…and him ALONE…at our inn! But my job is not to make people feel comfortable; rather, my job, like the Baptist's, is to prepare the way of the Lord, and to clear the road for him."
The question to be asked here is this: how do you react to being challenged? Do you reflect and change, if there is need to do so? Or do you have a knee-jerk reaction and lash out in defense of yourself? I, to be completely honest, have found myself on both sides of that question. The challenge for us is to heed the warnings of the prophets in our lives. Let us NOT be a people seeking warm and fuzzy comfort, but a people who seek to prepare the way of the Lord and clear the road for him.
"Having our fundamental assumptions about life challenged is never a comfortable thing." – Maajid Nawaz
Lord, help me to be receptive to the ways you are challenging me. Lead me from who I am to who you created me to be. Amen!
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There's no doubt that Luca Piermattei is one of the most exciting young producers coming from the ever-growing Italian scene. The Seekers family member has been steadily releasing on some of the most influential labels of the moment, including his own imprint Polarity, which he runs with Gabrø, Frankfurt's HardWorkSoftDrink and EYA to name a few. His latest output is Colt Music's sixth release, in which he delivers four bass-driven, minimalistic tracks that fly effortlessly between house and electro in his very own signature style.


A few weeks ago, with my husband, I was at the Avengers. During the previews, an ad for a new television show on the Sundance Channel appeared and sure enough, the moment it came on the screen I knew I was going to have issues. Push Girls is a television series about 4 women in wheelchairs who live in Los Angeles and happen to be friends.
I would LOVE to see a television show about disabled women in mainstream media. Except in order to have that show, apparently we have to make the mainstream world comfortable with the the idea of disability.
Tiphany agrees with her earlier in the show when she says at the beginning that most people think of people in wheelchairs as being "in sweatpants."She also states that she is in better shape now than she was when she was out of the chair.
It saddens me that these women, who clearly live their day to day in a wheelchair, cannot manage to feel a kind of kindness or comraderie with others who are in wheelchairs. Perhaps it is because I am visually impaired, but I never think of a fellow blind person as giving everyone else who is blind a bad image. Because of these statements, it is very easy to see the thread of exploitation throughout this show.
The extra shiny wheelchairs, the ex lingerie model trying to go back to work… it all feels as though you can ONLY be attractive if you're still normal looking.
What I really want to know is, why the Sundance Channel had to go and pick the most attractive women, with the most glitzy former jobs in order to give us a show about disability? Where are the normal people?!
Which brings us to the second telelvision show to have a disabled woman in it this week: Masterchef.
For the first time ever, a blind woman is on the show. I find this INCREDIBLY inspiring, as I'm a total hopeless blind woman in the kitchen. I cut myself, I burn myself, I can't chop things evenly, while this lady is getting praise from Gordon Ramsay, Joe Bastianich and Graham Elliott.
But yet again, she's a beautiful woman, and if you looked at her and she didn't have her cane you'd have no idea that she was blind. Her eyes aren't clouded, nor are they wandering. While I admire that she can so much as braise a catfish on screen, I feel like the image of the disabled woman is one where you still have to conform to the mainstream expectations.
I don't live that way. Most of the disabled women I know do not conform to traditional standards of beauty, and for me at least, it is hard to see images where they're all prettier than me.
Furthermore, every single one of these women had something taken away from them. Every single one of these women was blinded, or paralyzed during their lifetime, rather than born with their disability. The perception then becomes about people having to "overcome" and that dialogue really does pull at the heartstrings.
But for many of us with disabilities, we have had to overcome too – but our struggles are different. Our struggles come at the age of 4 or 6 or 10. These struggles come out as adults when we are fully capable, but there are things we have to learn in order to function as adults. I'm 26 and I still can't cook. I have a friend who lives in a wheelchair and she still can't get herself to work on her own without a cab. I have another friend who fought with her school to let her be a dance major – and she has CP. We fight. And many of us aren't what you see on television.
In the end, though – we can see so much prejudice even with these beautiful women. Even going mainstream doesn't change the way that people treat the disabled.
Angela goes on a fashion shoot and her photographer says "it's like the guy with no arms wanting to learn how to pitch". Apparently just because she's in a wheelchair means she can't be attractive as a model.
And then there's Christine. In an article about her on Huffington Post the comments are rife with statements about how people wouldn't eat her food because she's a blind chef, and people commenting on her technique with a knife.
Apparently, even with exploitation in the form of attractiveness, we still can't win.
NB: A post on growing up with a disability is in the works, I promise!
Like you, I'd love to see a show where a real disabled actor/person plays/is filmed living life and enjoying it, and not just because they may be swimming with dolphins.


The increased scale of offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) and longer distances to the onshore grid connection points requires longer cable connections of larger capacity, which increases the susceptibility of the OWPPs and the offshore and onshore transmission systems to harmonics.
The presence of harmonics can reduce the reliability and efficiency of the electricity generation. This is a matter of concern, considering OWPPs will gradually replace conventional power plants and their reliability will be of importance to guarantee of the quality of supply.
To take effective mitigation measures, more insight is needed in the complex interactions between harmonics sources and their detrimental effects on component integrity and system performance.
The need for mitigating harmonics resonances is acknowledged increasingly by OWPP developers as well as by TenneT TSO. It is therefore vital for the Dutch offshore wind sector to develop the required design expertise on harmonics mitigation, facilitated by clear design guidelines.
The objective of this project is to develop a methodology to design lean measures to mitigate adverse effects of harmonics in the electrical infrastructure of offshore wind energy.
The cost reduction potential lies in the large design margins that are still applied and additional filters and modifications that are often needed afterwards. This is because the current state of the art is that harmonics issues are not accurately predicted in the design phase, leading to less optimal and non-future proof solutions that need redesign in case of grid modifications.
In a broader context, the objective is therefore to increase reliability and to reduce costs of the electrical infrastructure of offshore wind energy.
The project focuses on the development, evaluation and implementation of a design methodology that can accurately predict complex harmonic interactions in large scale offshore wind farms and in which the measures to reduce harmonics issues become an integral part of the design.
In general, this project will contribute to the development of the offshore wind energy by reducing costs and improving reliability of the electrical infrastructure. Indirectly, onshore cost reductions are also expected in the measures the TSO takes to connect offshore wind to the national grid.


The Flare, a compact, pulsed laser from Coherent, provides a superior and cost-effective alternative to older gas lasers and first-generation solid-state lasers for life sciences and instrumentation applications. The Flare series has three wavelength versions available—near infrared (1064 nm), green (532 nm) and ultraviolet (355 nm). The UV model is ideal for MALDI-TOF applications currently serviced by legacy nitrogen lasers, as well as for many laser microdissection applications. Specifically Flare's shorter pulsewidth (< 2 ns versus 4 ns for the N2 laser) translates directly into superior time of flight (ToF) resolution. Its higher pulse repetition frequency of 1 kHz (versus <100 Hz for a N2 laser) reduces data acquisition times by an order of magnitude. Moreover, Flare's sealed industrial package minimizes service requirements, providing superior reliability and reduced cost of ownership.


Last Friday, New York City School Chancellor Carmen Fariña, chair of NYC Kids RISE Julie Menin, the Gray Foundation's Mindy and Jon Gray, and deputy mayor for strategic policy initiatives Richard Buery made the announcement at P.S. 171 Peter G. Van Alst in Astoria, with local elected officials such as Councilman Daniel Dromm (D-Jackson Heights) and Councilman Jimmy Van Bramer (D-Sunnyside) in attendance.
The pilot, which will go into effect this fall, would allocate $100 to approximately 3,500 District 30 kindergarteners through their individual scholarship accounts. There will be no cost to participate in the program, and starting this fall, every kindergartener will automatically be enrolled in the program. During the three-year pilot period, approximately 10,000 children will be a part of the initiative.
School District 30, which encompasses Astoria, Ditmars, East Elmhurst, Hunter's Point, Jackson Heights, Long Island City, Sunnyside and Woodside, was selected following a quantitative and qualitative analysis of all 32 geographic school districts in New York City. The analysis identified a district that was both representative of the public school population with respect to poverty levels, ethnicity, English language learners and students with disabilities, and also had the infrastructure in place to support the pilot program.
Also in attendance were families whose children will be affected by this program.


text:
Home » Market News » Evaluation board accelerates design of remote wireless charging for smart buildings
Evaluation board accelerates design of remote wireless charging for smart buildings
Article By : Maurizio Di Paolo Emilio
Category : Market News
Energous is partnering with e-peas to develop an evaluation board that combines e-peas' energy management IC technology with Energous' RF solution to support remote wireless charging applications.
Energous has announced a partnership with e-peas S.A., a developer of energy harvesting PMICs and ultra-low power microcontrollers, to develop an evaluation board that combines e-peas' energy management IC technology with Energous' radio frequency (RF) solution to support remote wireless charging applications.
In an interview with EEWeb, Stephen R. Rizzone, president & CEO and Cesar Johnston, chief operating officer & executive vice president of engineering, at Energous, highlighted the features and application opportunities for smart buildings, industrial IoT sensors, retail electronic displays and more. The combination of Energous' WattUp and e-peas' AEM technologies on an -integrated reference design will facilitate the deployment of new solutions.
WattUp & e-peas' AEM30940
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Belgian company e-peas provides energy harvesting and processing solutions to give infinite battery life to wireless devices, increasing the amount of energy harvested and dramatically reducing power consumption.
Energous' WattUp wireless charging technology is based on RF technology, which provides a number of advantages for wireless charging, including the ability to be designed into small-format products and devices without flat surfaces. The technology supports at-contact and over-the-air wireless charging – reducing the positioning and interference issues with coil-based solutions. The simplicity of the architecture with a single amplifier and antenna makes it small enough to fit into various use cases. In terms of frequency, the solution is based on Energous' 900MHz technology.
The functionality of the evaluation board mainly includes e-peas AEM30940, Supercap or a rechargeable lithium battery, a Smartbond DA14531 BLE SoC, ambient light sensor, and temperature/humidity sensors and an optional E-ink ultra-low-power display driver.
Figure 1: Block diagram of the evaluation board
Figure 2: Evaluation board by Energous and e-peas
"The Energous WattUp technology enables active wireless power charging which, at the core, is the deployment of either a single transmitter or a mesh of transmitters, depending on the size of the charging zone required, that can provide a 24/7 source of power. The WattUp PowerHub transmitter is designed to provide a broadcast charging zone that scales from a few centimeters to 5m and beyond," said Energous' Rizzone and Johnston. "When coupled with the power harvesting evaluation board jointly developed with e-peas, the combination can support a broad range of active, extended distance, harvesting applications including electronic display tags and sensors used in retail, building and industrial automation applications. In addition, the onboard BLE supplied by Dialog provides duplex connectivity from the edge of the network to the cloud to enable data gathering and management."
e-peas' energy harvesting IC solution – AEM30940 – is an integrated energy management circuit that extracts DC power from a piezo generator, a microturbine generator or any high-frequency RF input to simultaneously store energy in a rechargeable element and supply the system with two independent regulated voltages. The AEM30940 allows to extend battery lifetime and ultimately eliminates the primary energy storage element in a large range of wireless applications such as industrial monitoring, home automation, transportation and smart agriculture.
The AEM30940 harvests the available input current up to 110 mA. It integrates an ultra-low-power boost converter to charge a storage element, such as a Li-ion battery, a thin-film battery, a supercapacitor or a conventional capacitor. The boost converter operates with input voltages in a range from 50mV to 5V. With its unique cold-start circuit, it can start operating with empty storage elements at an input voltage as low as 380mV and an input power of just 3µW. The low-voltage supply typically drives a microcontroller at 1.2V or 1.8V. The high-voltage supply may typically drive a radio transceiver at a configurable voltage between 1.8V and 4.1V. Both are driven by highly efficient LDO (Low Drop-Out) regulators for low noise and high stability.
Configuration pins determine various operating modes by setting predefined conditions for the energy storage element (overcharge or over-discharge voltages), and by selecting the voltage of the high-voltage supply and the low-voltage supply. Moreover, special modes can be obtained at the expense of a few configuration resistors.
The chip integrates all the active elements for powering a typical wireless sensor. Five capacitors and two inductors are required, available respectively in the small 0402 and 0603 SMD formats. With only seven external components, integration is maximum, footprint and BOM are minimum, optimizing the time-to-market and the costs of WSN designs.
The WattUp technology used is a non-beamforming, single antenna, and single power amplifier (PA) design, which is based on an architectural approach that establishes a path for over-the-air charging for small-format devices. The goal is to create a 'charging zone' of one meter, extending to upwards of 5m and beyond, in front of the transmitting device, where multiple receivers such as smart glasses, hearing aids, and wearables can be charged simultaneously without any restrictions on positioning or orientation.
This article was originally published on EEWeb.
Maurizio Di Paolo Emilio holds a Ph.D. in Physics and is a telecommunication engineer and journalist. He has worked on various international projects in the field of gravitational wave research. He collaborates with research institutions to design data acquisition and control systems for space applications. He is the author of several books published by Springer, as well as numerous scientific and technical publications on electronics design.


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Featuring 2 hours of high energy games such as Jeopardy, The Dating Game, DVR, Sign Language Interpreter, and a fairytale version of The Maury Povich show! This night will be an exciting, upbeat, rocking comedy showcase, and it's only playing ONE TIME this year.
Tickets are only $10, fun for everyone and there is plenty of free parking for all!
Call for tickets at 615-544-5386 or visit our "Shows" page today!


text:
Q: SQL query speed with two inner joins and concat I have three tables:

*

*books;

*authors;

*list_items (contains bestseller lists from New York Times)

I use this query to get an author whose books stayed in bestseller lists for maximum number of weeks:
SELECT authors.full_name, COUNT(*) FROM authors
 INNER JOIN books ON books.author LIKE CONCAT('%', authors.full_name, '%')
 INNER JOIN list_items ON list_items.book_title = books.title
 GROUP BY authors.full_name ORDER BY count(*) DESC LIMIT 1

This query takes around 6 minutes, while similar query without the second JOIN takes much less than a second. How to optimize my query?
UPDATE
EXPLAIN is this:
table      type   possible_keys key      key_len ref         rows   Extra
authors    ALL    <NULL>        <NULL>   <NULL>  <NULL>      2555   Using temporary; Using filesort
list_items ALL    book_name     <NULL>   <NULL>  <NULL>   31040  Using join buffer
books      eq_ref PRIMARY      PRIMARY  767     list_items. 1      Using where
                                                book_title

A: I don't think you need to use an extra subselect statement.  I took your faster statement and removed the inner select statement.  Not sure how much this would affect execution time, but its a little bit cleaner, imho.
SELECT COUNT(*), authors.full_name
FROM list_items
INNER JOIN books ON books.title = list_items.title
INNER JOIN relations ON books.id = relations.book_id
INNER JOIN authors ON authors_id = relations.author_id
GROUP BY authors.full_name
ORDER BY COUNT(*);

A: Eventually, I solved this problem by restructuring my database scheme.
Root problem was in the field books.author that could contain several author names, hence CONCAT in the initial query. I added a new table to apply many to many relationship, where authors.id and books.id were linked.
Then I used this query instead:
SELECT COUNT (*), items.full_name
    FROM list_items
         INNER JOIN
         (SELECT books.title, authors.full_name
            FROM books INNER JOIN relations ON books.ID = relations.book_id
                 INNER JOIN authors ON authors.ID = relations.author_id
                 ) items ON items.title = list_items.book_title
GROUP BY items.full_name
ORDER BY COUNT (*) DESC;

Execution time dropped to 0.4 seconds.


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SMITH v. CITY OF WYOMING May 18, 2016 No. 15–3336.
TREE OF LIFE CHRISTIAN SCHOOLS v. CITY OF UPPER ARLINGTON May 18, 2016 No. 14–3469.
UNITED STATES v. CHURCH May 17, 2016 No. 15–5362.
UNITED STATES v. MOHAMMED ALI May 17, 2016 No. 15–6003.
MONTGOMERY v. KRAFT FOODS GLOBAL INC May 16, 2016 No. 15–1283.
UNITED STATES v. BARNES May 16, 2016 No. 15–5237.
BRUMLEY v. ALBERT BRUMLEY SONS INC May 16, 2016 No. 15–5429.
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UNITED STATES v. PAWLAK May 13, 2016 No. 15–3566.
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KOPROWSKI v. BAKER May 11, 2016 No. 14–5451.
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text:
\section{Introduction}

Quantum transport of excitation, energy and entanglement are  fundamental features of a wide range of  systems ranging from quantum aggregates of organic molecules \cite{davydov1964theory,haken1972coupled,scherer1984exciton},  photosynthetic complexes \cite{van2000photosynthetic,kuhn1997pump,rebentrost2009environment} and cold atoms \cite{robicheaux2004simulation,ates2008motion,mulken2007survival,wuat+10,barredo:trimeragg} to quantum dot assemblies \cite{scholes2011excitons}. Such transport systems usually involve a regular part enabling
 wave-like transport  with continuous wave numbers and may contain a second part consisting of small subunits with a discrete spectrum which couple to the regular part and affect the transport. Generically, this scenario  gives rise to
Fano resonances, ``bound states in the continuum'' originally described as ``strange discrete eigenvalues'' by von Neumann and Wigner in 1929 \cite{newi29a}.
They cause characteristic asymmetric features in the transport spectrum \cite{chakrabarti2007fano,deo1995asymmetric,miroshnichenko2005engineering}, also known as Fano profiles. The resonances even lead to complete reflection or complete transmission at certain resonant energies,  a useful resource for control and switching applications \cite{miroshnichenko2010fano,ismael2017connectivity}.

Apart from Fano resonances, transport is often affected by internal vibrations or phonons, e.g., electron-phonon coupling in long conjugated molecules  \cite{heeger2001nobel,heeger1988solitons} or molecular aggregates \cite{saikin:excitonreview}. While mostly seen as impeding transport but inevitable,
in Rydberg aggregates atomic motion can also induce quantum
transport \cite{wuat+10,wuat+11,mowu+11,moge+13a}. Here, we demonstrate how atomic motion
can serve to create a switch in transport systems. More specifically, we investigate
quantum transport along the regular part of the system beyond a localized ``obstacle'',
a subunit with one  dominant vibrational degree of freedom. We will see that the reflection and transmission profiles based on Fano resonances for a transport system with a {\em static} subunit are qualitatively altered if the latter can be  vibrationally excited. Thereby,  Fano resonances can be put to work for sensing and switching in transport transport systems even in the presence of directed or thermal motion.

\begin{figure}[htb]
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{./figs/geometry}
\caption{\label{sketch} Sketch of the Fano-Anderson chain with vibrating elements. $N$  static monomers are arranged in an equidistant linear chain and three monomers $\alpha,~\beta,~\eta$ are arranged within a control unit $U$ confined to a ring of radius $R$. The center of the ring is at a distance $d$ from the chain.  The angular coordinates of the monomers on the ring are $\vartheta_j$, with $\vartheta_j=0$ corresponding to the north pole.
Two monomers are fixed at  angles $\vartheta_\eta$ and $\vartheta_\beta$, while the third one (angle $\vartheta_\alpha$) is mobile within a harmonic trap. A wavepacket carrying a single electronic excitation approaching the Fano defect from the far left (yellow) may be reflected (red) or transmitted (green) by the latter. }
\label{geometry}
\end{figure}
However, incorporating electron-vibrational coupling into quantum transport studies is a challenging problem. It has been tackled using perturbative approaches for wires on the molecular or atomic scale \cite{montgomery2003electron,chen2005inelastic}, scattering theory \cite{sols1992scattering,ness1999quantum}, Green's function methods \cite{troisi2005modeling,jiang2005first,ness2006quantum}, master and quantum kinetic equations \cite{petrov2004spin}, reduced electron-density matrix approaches \cite{nitzan2001electron} or a semiclassical treatment of the motion and approaches based on non-equilibrium statistical physics \cite{hliwa2002tunnel}.

In the following, we formulate an alternative approach, which can exactly treat  quantum transport and a few vibrations in a multi-channel quantum scattering framework. We apply our theory to quantum transport on a long 1D chain or wire coupled to a control unit  (CU) that gives rise to Fano resonances in the transmission spectrum which is strongly modified by active vibrational modes  of the CU. To be specific we will cast our results in terms of a chain consisting of atoms or molecules. However, the results  more generally  apply to discrete chains, such as conjugated polymers \cite{kline2006morphology,hwang2011electronic} in the tight binding approximation, molecular wires \cite{ratner1998molecular,lehmann2004vibrational}, coupled quantum dots \cite{citrin1995coherent,kubota2011exciton,braakman2013long} with involvement of phonons or opto-mechanical arrays \cite{safavi:optomecharray,Schmidt:QMBoptomecharray}. Hence, reference  to a ``monomer'' in the subsequent text refers to any single site of the aforementioned transport systems.

Our article is organized as follows. To render our approach better comprehensible we first formalize our exemplary transport system in section \ref{model} including  a comprehensive description of the Fano-Anderson chain  in \sref{fanovib} and entanglement in \sref{entangle}. The new multichannel quantum scattering method is introduced in \sref{multichann}.  In \sref{ex_trans}  we apply the new method to investigate  excitation transport in the absence (\sref{im_trans}) and presence (\sref{mob_trans}) of vibrational motion. The results are summarized in \sref{concl}.

\section{Model and Methods}
\label{model}
\subsection{Fano-Anderson chain with vibrating elements}
\label{fanovib}
We consider a linear chain of $N$ monomers, which is in contact with a control unit containing three monomers confined on a circle of radius $R$, as sketched in \fref{geometry}. While many CUs are conceivable, our CU is small, convenient to design as we will discuss later, and most importantly,  vibrations of our control unit  can affect transport \emph{significantly}. We refer to the electronic state of the system with a single excitation on monomer or site $n$ as $\ket{\pi_n}$. For atomic or molecular systems this implies that only the $n$'th entity is excited, with all others in the ground-state. For other transport systems mentioned in the introduction, the state would imply a nearly empty lattice of sites, with a single particle filling the $n$'th site. The index $n$ fulfills $n \in \mathbb{Z} \cup \{\alpha, \beta, \eta\} $, with integer $n \in \mathbb{Z}$ indicating an excitation on the main chain and  $n \in \{\alpha, \beta, \eta\} $ on the CU, see \fref{geometry}.

Interaction between sites enables the excitation (e.g.~excited state or electron) to move along the chain, while conserving their total number, where we consider a single excitation only. For simplicity, we restrict ourselves to nearest neighbour interactions of strength $J$ in  the chain Hamiltonian
\begin{equation}
\hat{H}_{C} = J \sum_{n \in  \mathbb{Z}} \left( \ket{\pi_n}\bra{\pi_{n+1} }+ \ket{\pi_{n+1}}\bra{\pi_{n}} \right).
\label{ham_c}
\end{equation}
In addition to the electronic degrees of freedom discussed so far, we have to formalize
the vibrational degree of freedom in the CU which can couple to the electron dynamics. To this end
 we consider the angular coordinate $\vartheta_n$ of the control unit monomers $n \in \{\alpha, \beta, \eta\} $ to change according to the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian
\begin{subequations}
\begin{align}
\label{hamil_vib}
\hat{H}_{\rm vib} &= - \sum_{n\in \{\alpha, \beta, \eta\} }\frac{ \hbar^2\boldsymbol{\nabla}_{\vartheta_n}^2}{2I_n}  + \hat{V} (\boldsymbol{\vartheta}), \\
\hat{V} (\boldsymbol{\vartheta})&=\sum_{n\in  ( \alpha,\beta,\eta)} \frac{1}{2} M_n \omega^2 R^2 \Bigg(2\Big(1-\cos(\vartheta^{(0)}_{n} - \vartheta_n)\Big)\Bigg) \nonumber\\[0.15cm]
&\approx \sum_{n\in  ( \alpha,\beta,\eta)} \frac{1}{2} M_n \omega^2 R^2 (\vartheta^{(0)}_{n} - \vartheta_n)^2,
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
with  the equilibrium positions $\vartheta^{(0)}_{n}$ and  the moment of inertia $I_n= M_nR^2$, while $M_n$ is the effective mass of monomer $n$ and $\boldsymbol{\vartheta}=[\vartheta_\alpha, \vartheta_\beta,  \vartheta_\gamma]^T$  is the vector of all angles.

For simplicity, we consider the two monomers $\beta$ and $\eta$ so tightly confined in their respective harmonic potential with $\hbar\omega_{\beta}=\hbar\omega_{\eta}\gg J$,  that there is a negligible extension of their ground-state wavefunction. They then remain in the ground state for all energies considered and we can neglect their vibrational degrees of freedom. Only monomer $\alpha$ has a harmonic confinement $\hbar\omega\ll J$ such that several vibrational states $\ket{j}$ contribute. In that case, the Hamiltonian $\hat{H}_{\rm vib}'$ possesses a discrete energy spectrum given by
$\hat{H}_{\rm vib}' \ket{\Phi_j}  = \mathcal{E}_j \ket{\Phi_j} =\hbar \omega(j+\frac{1}{2})  \ket{\Phi_j}$. The complete orthonormal basis set of the total Hilbert space is formed by the direct products
$\ket{nj} = \ket{\pi_n}_{el}\otimes \ket{\Phi_j}_{\rm vib},  n \in \mathbb{Z} \cup \{\alpha,\beta,\eta\}$.
In the joint Hilbert space, the total Hamiltonian of the system is given by
\begin{subequations}
\begin{equation}
\hat{H} = \hat{H}_{C}\otimes \sub{{1}}{vib} + \hat{H}_{U} + \hat{H}_{UC}  +
 \hat{H}_{\rm vib},
\label{ham}
\end{equation}
where $\sub{{1}}{vib}$ is the identity in the vibrational space and the vibrational motion affects
the dynamics in the CU, described by $H_{U}$ and $H_{\rm vib}$, and also couples to the chain according to $H_{UC}$,
\begin{eqnarray}
\hat{H}_U &&= \sum_{n,n'\in(\alpha,\beta,\eta)} \sum_{jj'} F_{nn'}^{jj'} \ket{nj}\bra{n'j'},
\label{hamil_S_F}
\\
\hat{H}_{UC} &&= \sum_{jj'}G^{jj'} \left( \ket{0j}\bra{\alpha j'} +  \ket{\alpha j'}\bra{0j} \right),
\label{hamil_SC}
\\
 \hat{H}_{\rm vib} &&= \sum_{nj} \mathcal{E}_j  \ket{nj}\bra{nj}=\sub{{1}}{el} \otimes \sum_j \mathcal{E}_j  \ket{j}\bra{j}.
\label{hamil_4}
\end{eqnarray}
where  $\sub{{1}}{el}$ is the electronic identity.
The coupling matrix elements are
\begin{eqnarray}
F_{nn'}^{jj^{'}} &&= \int d {\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}\, \Phi_j^*({\boldsymbol{\vartheta}})F_{nn'}( {\boldsymbol{\vartheta}})\Phi_{j'}({\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}),
 \label{Fs_rep}
 \\
 G^{jj^{'}} &&=  \int d {\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}\, \Phi_j^*({\boldsymbol{\vartheta}})G( {\boldsymbol{\vartheta}})\Phi_{j'}({\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}),
 \label{s_rep}
\end{eqnarray}
\end{subequations}
where $F_{nn'}({\boldsymbol{\vartheta}})$ and $G({\boldsymbol{\vartheta}})$ are  $\boldsymbol{\vartheta}-$dependent hopping parameters. To keep our approach general enough to apply to diverse transport systems as discussed in the introduction, the basic formalism does not make reference to a specific model of interactions, except that  $\hat{H}_U$  and $\hat{H}_{UC}$  should depend on the spatial coordinates $\boldsymbol{\vartheta}$ of
the control unit monomers. They therefore also depend on the two parameters $d$ and $R$ of the design, the distance from the center of the control unit
 to the main chain, and the radius of the CU, respectively (see \fref{geometry} for the geometry). Note that through the dependence of the dynamics on $\boldsymbol{\vartheta}$,  the vibrational motion of the monomer in the ring will be coupled to the excitation transport on the chain.
 For the presented numerical results, we use dipole-dipole interactions
for which the hopping parameters scale with the inverse cubed distance between the sites,
for details see \aref{app_evibcoupling}.

We are interested in the quantum transport of an excitation passing  the control unit on the chain from the left to the right. In the absence of the control unit  the transport can be described in terms of the eigenstates of \bref{ham_c}. They form an exciton band of energies $E_k = 2J\cos{k} ~\text{with}~ |E_k| \le 2 J$, where $k$ is the wavevector of the incoming excitation. We refer to this band as "continuous" in the following, implying the limit of infinitely many monomers in the chain, while for numerical calculations we employ of course a finite number of elements on the chain, $N=1000$.
Subject to dispersion, the excitation can migrate across the chain.
To enable the CU to act as a scatterer and therefore to efficiently influence the transport, $J$ will be chosen of the order of all other energy scales in the system.

This influence is mediated through the interactions between the continuous band of the linear chain and the three discrete eigenstates of the scatterer belonging to the CU and leads to modifications of the transmission characteristics by virtue of the  Fano resonance \cite{fano1935sullo,fano1961effects,miroshnichenko2010fano}. In the case of static interactions, i.e., without vibrations in $\boldsymbol{\vartheta}$, it is well understood how the control unit  affects transport on the chain \cite{miroshnichenko2010fano,miroshnichenko2005engineering,chakrabarti2007fano}. Specifically, for incoming wave energies that match an eigenenergy of the isolated static CU, transmission will be fully suppressed, as discussed later. The width of such a resonance dip in the transmission profile depends on the strength of the interaction $G$ between the main chain and the control unit in \bref{hamil_SC}.

\subsection{Quantum dynamics and entanglement}
\label{entangle}

We now explore the fate of  an initial single excitation prepared on the far left side of the linear chain of monomers on its path across the chain. It must eventually impact the scattering region of the CU.
In a time-dependent picture, we start from an initial state of the form,
\begin{equation}
\ket{\Psi(t=0)} = \ket{\sub{\psi}{ini}}\otimes \ket{j_\mathrm{in}}\,,
\label{in_qs}
\end{equation}
where  $\ket{j_\mathrm{in}}$ is the initial vibrational state, chosen as eigenstate of the vibrational Hamiltonian, and $\ket{\sub{\psi}{ini}}$ is the electronic excited state. We take it to be localized near a site $n_0{<}0$ with negligible amplitude on sites  $n{\ge}0$.  Specifically we choose $\langle  n | \sub{\psi}{ini}\rangle={\cal N}\exp{[-(n- n_0)^2/\sigma^2
+i k_\mathrm{in} n]}$, where ${\cal N}$ is a normalisation factor and $k_\mathrm{in}$ the central incoming wave-number.
 The subsequent quantum dynamics of this wavepacket is governed by the time dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE) $i\hbar\,{d}\Psi/{d}t=\hat{H}\Psi$
with
$\hat{H}$ from \bref{ham}. The state can be expanded as
\begin{equation}
\ket{\Psi(t)}=\sum_{nj} \psi_{nj}(t) \ket{nj}.
\label{entangled_state}
\end{equation}

An example of such a scattering process is shown in \fref{entropy}(a), where the time-dependence of the population on the sites $n$ of the chain is displayed. Populations of CU monomers are not shown.
One sees that the incoming wavepacket moves with constant velocity.
Close to the time $t_{c}$ when the center of the wavepacket reaches the  site $n=0$, the scattering site which is closest to the CU, an interference pattern appears. After the collision for $t>t_{c}$, one can clearly see the transmitted and reflected wavepacket.

\begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{./figs/entropy_1.pdf}
\caption{ (a) Evolution of the excitation probability $p_n=\sum_j |\psi_{nj}(t)|^2$on the main chain,
 allowing vibrations of site $\alpha$.  Populations on the CU are not shown. The vibration frequency is $\hbar\omega = 0.01J$ and other parameters are given in footnote \cite{par_1} for a chain with $1000$  monomers.  An excitation initially localized near $n=-30$ moves towards the right with energy $E=1J$ and reflects back from the scattering region. The x-axis indicates the position on the chain in terms of monomer indices $n$. (b) The von Neumann entropy $S_E$ \eqref{ent_eq} as a function of time.
The total excitation probability $P_U=\sum_{n\in\{\alpha,\beta,\eta\}j}
|\psi_{nj}(t)|^2$ on the scattering control unit $U$ is also shown.\label{entropy}}
\end{figure}

For times $t<t_{c}$, before the excitation reaches the CU, the vibrational degrees of freedom of the CU  remain in their initial state $\ket{j_\mathrm{in}}$ and  the dynamics of the system is  exclusively governed by $\hat{H}_C$. As the excitation hits the scattering region, the other terms in the Hamiltonian become important and vibronic quantum dynamics ensues for a finite time interval, until the excitation  completely leaves the scattering
region. The post-collision dynamics is again governed by $\hat{H}_C$. The
final outcome of the scattering event is the splitting of the excitation probability
  into transmitted (right moving) and reflected (left moving) parts and a possible change of the internal vibrational state of the scatterer into some general superposition of vibrational eigenstates. Each vibrational state contributes to the outcome of the scattering
process leaving multiple outgoing channels for the scattering.

An immediate consequence of the dependence of the scattering outcome on vibrational states of the CU is the
creation of entanglement between the electronic and vibrational states during the scattering process. Entanglement can be quantified by the von-Neumann entropy
\begin{equation}
S_E= - \mbox{tr}(\sub{\rho}{el} \ln \sub{\rho}{el})\,,
\label{ent_eq}
\end{equation}
where tr denotes the trace and $\sub{\rho}{el}$ the reduced electronic density matrix obtained by tracing out the vibrational degrees of freedom of the system \cite{bengtsson_zyczkowski_2006}, i.e.~$\sub{\rho}{el}=\sum_j \bra{j} \hat{\rho}\ket{j}$, with $\hat{\rho}=\ket{\Psi(t)}\bra{\Psi(t)}$ and $\ket{\Psi(t)}$ in \eref{entangled_state}. This entropy is zero if the electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom are separable
and equal to $\ln D$ for a maximally entangled state, if the reduced Hilbert-space is $D$-dimensional.
We see in \fref{entropy}(b) that
before the wavepacket hits the scattering region, the electronic and vibrational states are not entangled and the entropy is zero. As expected  the entropy increases close to the impact time $t_{c}$, indicating the development of entanglement between  electronic and vibrational states.  This entanglement
persists for large times, even after the excitation on the CU (dashed line in  \fref{entropy}(b)) has dropped to zero again.

Conceptually, this means that even at a time $t=100/J$ when the exciton wavepacket
has mostly returned to the main chain it remains intricately linked with the scatterer through entanglement with vibrational states.
The entanglement  leads to practical difficulties using conventional
approaches such as the transfer matrix method (TMM). The electronic and vibrational part cannot be treated separately. Transmission, however,  depends on the vibrational state giving rise to
multiple channels. The incorporation of
those channels for scattering leads to a cumbersome set of nonlinear
equations in the TMM.

Therefore,  we develop in the following a multichannel quantum scattering method (QSM) that can handle the entanglement discussed above, as well as the
effect of internal  vibrations of the CU on quantum transport through the chain.

\section{Multi-channel quantum scattering method (QSM)}
\label{multichann}

While we will use solutions of the TDSE for verification, we switch now to a time-independent framework, in which scattering processes are usually more easily understood
based on stationary scattering states. Consequently, we seek a solution of the eigenvalue problem
\begin{equation}
\hat{H}\ket{\Psi}= E\ket{\Psi}
\label{se_stat}
\end{equation}
with
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:Psi}
\ket{\Psi}=\sum_{nj}\psi_{nj} \ket{nj}\,,
\end{equation}
in analogy to the expansion of the time-dependent state \bref{entangled_state}.
We intend to solve \bref{se_stat} for the case of an exciton wave coming
in from the left with momentum $k_\mathrm{in}{>}0$ and the CU in
the specific state $\ket{j_\mathrm{in}}$ with  vibrational quantum number $j_\mathrm{in}$. (More complex initial vibrational states could be generated from these solutions by
superposition.)
 The desired eigenstate $\ket{\Psi}$ is subject to the boundary conditions
\begin{subequations}
\begin{align}
\psi_{nj} &= \delta_{jj_\mathrm{in}}e^{+ik_\mathrm{in}n}+\mathfrak{R}_j(k_\mathrm{in}) e^{-ik_{j}n}, \:\:\: n<0
\label{b_cond1}
\end{align}
for $n$ on the left side of the chain and  analogously for
 $n$ on the right side of the chain
\begin{align}
\psi_{nj} &= \mathfrak{T}_j(k_\mathrm{in}) e^{+ik_{j}n}, \:\:\: n>0.
\label{b_cond2}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
Here, $\mathfrak{R}_j(k_\mathrm{in})$ and $\mathfrak{T}_j(k_\mathrm{in})$
are complex reflection and transmission amplitudes containing all information about the scattering outcome, and the momentum $k_j > 0$ of the $j^{th}$ channel is fixed by energy conservation $E =  \mathcal{E}_{j_\mathrm{in}} + E_{k_\mathrm{in}}=  \mathcal{E}_{j} + E_{k_{j}} $ for the exciton band energies  $E_k$ and the vibrational energies $\mathcal{E}_{j}$, as defined earlier.
The probability of transmission $T_j(k_\mathrm{in})$  is given by the ratio between the transmitted  and  incoming flux in  channel $j$,
\begin{subequations}
\begin{eqnarray}
T_j(k_\mathrm{in}) = | \mathfrak{T}_j(k_\mathrm{in})| \frac{\sin{k_j}}{\sin{k_\mathrm{in}}}.
 \label{trans}
\end{eqnarray}
Similarly, the reflection coefficient $R_j(k_\mathrm{in})$  is given by the ratio between reflected  and  incoming flux in  channel $j$,
\begin{eqnarray}
R_j(k_\mathrm{in}) = | \mathfrak{R}_j(k_\mathrm{in})| \frac{\sin{k_j}}{\sin{k_\mathrm{in}}}.
 \label{refl}
\end{eqnarray}
Conservation of probability implies

\begin{eqnarray}
\sum_j \left[ T_j(k_\mathrm{in}) + R_j(k_\mathrm{in})  \right] = 1,
 \label{conserve}
\end{eqnarray}
\end{subequations}
and can serve as a consistency check of the final results.

In order to construct the desired stationary scattering state $\ket{\Psi}$, one needs to substitute the boundary conditions \bref{b_cond1} and \bref{b_cond2} back into the time independent Schr\"odinger equation \bref{se_stat} and solve for $\mathfrak{R}_j$ and $\mathfrak{T}_j$.  Exciton-phonon coupling links all vibrational components of the wave function, rendering the  equation hard to solve for many vibrational levels of the scatterer.

Instead of tackling this problem directly, we  employ a well established trick \cite{sukhanov2014remote,kuzovova2018solution} based on backward propagation.
We convert the original \eref{se_stat} into a collection of auxiliary eigenproblems
\begin{subequations}
\begin{eqnarray}
\hat{H} \ket{\Psi^{(j_0)}} = E \ket{\Psi^{(j_0)}},
\label{aux_latt_eqn}
\end{eqnarray}
subject to new boundary conditions
\begin{align}
\psi^{(j_0)}_{nj} &= A_j^{j_0}  e^{+ik_{j}n} + (\delta_{jj_0} - A_j^{j_0}) e^{-ik_{j}n}  \hskip0.2cm (n\le 0)\label{aux_eigfn} \\
\psi^{(j_0)}_{nj} &= \delta_{jj_0} e^{+ik_{j_0}n} \hskip3.2cm (n\ge 0)  \,.
\label{aux_eigfn01}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
Here, the vibrational index $j_0$ is fixed but arbitrary, not related to $j_\mathrm{in}$. We thus specify the vibrational quantum number
for the outgoing part of the wave, instead of the incoming one.
Using these auxiliary solutions, one can then form a linear combination
that solves the original problem \bref{se_stat} as
\begin{eqnarray}
\psi_{nj} = \sum_{j_0} C_{j_0}\psi^{(j_0)}_{nj}.
\label{aux_eigfn1}
\end{eqnarray}
The coefficients $A_j^{j_0}$ in \esref{aux_eigfn}{aux_eigfn01} are  determined such that \bref{aux_latt_eqn} can be solved, as discussed in  \aref{app_reformulation}. Demanding that the linear combination \bref{aux_eigfn1} satisfies the original boundary conditions \esref{b_cond1}{b_cond2}, we obtain the following system of equations for the coefficients $C_{j_0}$:
\begin{subequations}
\begin{align}
 \sum_{j_0} A_j^{j_0} C_{j_0} &= \delta_{jj_\mathrm{in}},\\
C_j &= \mathfrak{T}_j(k_\mathrm{in}),\\
\sum_{j_0} (\delta_{jj_0}-A_j^{j_0})C_{j_0}&= \mathfrak{R}_j(k_\mathrm{in}).
 \label{aux_eigfn2}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
Since the matrix $[A_j^{j_0}]$ is always regular, we can find its inverse
$Q_{j_0}^{j}$ and then the coefficients
$C_{j_0} = Q_{j_0}^{j_\mathrm{in}}$ of the expansion \bref{aux_eigfn1}.
After the $C_{j_0}$ are determined, the reflection and transmission amplitudes $\mathfrak{R}_j(k_\mathrm{in})$ and $\mathfrak{T}_j(k_\mathrm{in})$
 simply follow.  The main advantage of this method over directly solving the eigenvalue problem \eref{se_stat} with the boundary conditions \eref{b_cond1} and \eref{b_cond2} is that the choice of the boundary conditions \eref{aux_eigfn01} eases the burden of obtaining the probability amplitude on the scatterers, which are essential to solve the problem (\aref{app_reformulation}).

The method can be implemented for any configuration of the scatterer without any restrictions on the number of monomers in the scatterer. It can even
 be modified for cases in which the scatterer interacts with several monomers of the main chain. The contribution to the transmission profile from each channel can be explicitly obtained and an estimate of the final quantum state of the scatterer can also be deduced.

Next, we apply our new QSM approach to the transport system with a CU containing an active vibrational degree
of freedom.

\section{Excitation Transport}
\label{ex_trans}
\subsection{Static Monomers}
\label{im_trans}

Excitation transport in a linear chain of monomers interacting with a static CU, i.e., in the absence of any vibrations, was explored in the past using a transfer matrix method (TMM) to obtain the transmission and reflection coefficients \cite{miroshnichenko2010fano}, see also \aref{tmm}. Transport was found to be highly sensitive to the resonance properties of the CU, which acts as a defect \cite{miroshnichenko2005engineering}. Due to the interference between the continuum energies of the main chain and the discrete energies of the control unit, the system exhibits Fano resonances.

We consider the configuration where the CU monomers form a static equilateral triangle,
 corresponding to angles  $\boldsymbol{\vartheta} =  [0,2\pi/3, 4\pi/3]^T$
,
 with a two-fold goal: Firstly,  to illustrate the features above, and secondly to benchmark the QSM formulated in \sref{multichann} by comparison with the TMM and with solutions of the TDSE.
It was shown in \cite{tong1999wave,miroshnichenko2005nonlinear,miroshnichenko2010fano} that for an incoming energy $E$ the transmission amplitude  is
\begin{subequations}
\label{transmission_profile_TMM}
\begin{eqnarray}
T (E) &=& \frac{4J^2 - E^2}{4J^2 - E^2+\sub{V}{eff}(E)^2}\\
\sub{V}{\rm eff}(E)  &=& \frac{D_2}{D_3}G^2\,
\end{eqnarray}
\end{subequations}
with the energy dependent effective scattering potential  $V_{\rm eff}(E)$ from the CU. The latter is determined
 in the chosen configuration through $D_i = \mbox{det}(E \mathbb{1} - H_i)$, where $H_3$ and $H_2$  are the dipole-dipole Hamiltonian of the CU and  of the CU without the entrance site $\alpha$ respectively, as derived in \aref{tmm}. One sees from \bref{transmission_profile_TMM}, that transmission is completely suppressed if $V_{\rm eff}$ tends to infinity,
 which happens if $D_{3}=0$, i.e., whenever the energy $E$ coincides with an eigen energy of $H_{3}$.
 On the other hand, if the energy $E$ matches an eigen energy of $H_{2}$ we have $D_{2}=0$ implying that $V_{\rm eff}=0$, and therefore the transmission is maximal, $T=1$. Furthermore, for any finite value of $V_{\rm eff}$, transmission is fully suppressed at $E = \pm 2J$.

These properties can be directly found in the transmission profile  shown in \fref{trans_/static}. Firstly, one can appreciate that results from the TMM and calculated with the more complex QSM formalism in
\sref{multichann} as well as TDSE solutions agree well. The CU $\hat{H}_U=H_{3}$ has two degenerate eigenenergies at $E=J$ and a third one at $E=-2J$, since we choose $F=F_{\alpha\beta}=F_{\alpha\eta}=F_{\beta\eta}=J$.
In contrast the reduced control unit without the entrance site, $\hat{H}'_U=H_{2}$ has two eigenenergies, $E_{\pm}=\pm $J. Hence we expect transmission extrema at $E=\pm 2J$ and $E=\pm J$, more precisely zero transmission at energies $\pm 2J$ and $J$ and full transmission at $ E=-J$, which is in accordance with \fref{trans_/static}.
The complete suppression of transport at $J=1$ has an asymmetric profile, characteristic for a Fano resonance. Its width depends on the interaction strength between the main chain and the CU determined by the relative position of the CU with respect to the chain. It is clearly sensitive to details of the CU since  $E=J$ is an eigenenergy for both, $H_{2}$ and $H_{3}$. However, the influence of the latter dominates, as its eigenstate is doubly degenerate.

The QSM has been developed to study the transport properties for the vibrating CU with a motional degree of freedom. To compare it with the static CU case discussed in this section, we only allow the ground-state $j=0$ in all sums of \sref{multichann}, effectively freezing the motional degree of freedom. We also call this scenario ``immobile''.
As can be seen in \fref{trans_/static}, the immobile QSM is equivalent to a static calculation using the TMM.
The  QSM for an immobile CU and the TMM require comparable computational effort.
 While the TMM takes into account an effective scattering potential, QSM exactly determines the state of the scatterer and  provides the transmission and reflection coefficients through proper boundary conditions in the Schr\"odinger equation.

For final verification, we also solve the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE) with the complete Hamiltonian \bref{ham}. To obtain the transmission profile,  we take the Gaussian wavepacket of electronic states $\ket{\sub{\psi}{ini}}$ introduced in \sref{entangle}
on the far left of the linear chain as the initial condition for the incoming excitation. The integrated  transmitted probability after the excitation has left the scattering region provides the transmission coefficient.
These numerical solutions are obtained using XMDS \cite{dennis2013xmds2,xmds2}.
We see in \fref{trans_/static} that the transmission coefficient obtained from the TDSE matches well with the QSM and TMM results, with minor deviations caused by the finite energy-width of the Gaussian wavepacket.
This enables us to use the TDSE solutions to verify the results obtained from the QSM also in the case of vibrations in the CU, which is our final goal and discussed in the next section.

\begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[width=0.9\columnwidth]{./figs/trans_static.pdf}
\caption{Total transmission through the chain as a function of energy for fixed monomers
and the control unit forming an equilateral triangle with further parameters given in  \cite{par_1}.
Results obtained with the quantum scattering method (QSM) (thin solid line), with a time dependent wavepacket propagation ($\circ$) and the transfer matrix method (TMM) (thick dashed line) are shown. \label{trans_/static}}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Fano Resonances with Vibrations}
\label{mob_trans}

To see how electronic--vibrational coupling affects the quantum transport, we now mobilize monomer $\alpha$
of the CU such that it can execute small harmonic vibrations with frequency $\omega$ on the circle around its equilibrium position. Since $\hbar\omega\sim J$, several vibrational
levels with energy $\hbar\omega(j+1/2)$ can be excited from the vibrational ground state $j_{\rm in} = 0$ by the incoming electronic wavepacket
with energies of the exciton band in the range $[-2J,2J]$. Constraining all but one monomer is for simplicity only, our methods can be generalized to include vibrations of all control unit monomers.

In \fref{trans_vib}, we compare the transmission profile obtained from the QSM for the immobile and mobile scatterer.
Allowing vibrations (here with a small frequency $\hbar\omega=0.01 J$) clearly modifies the Fano profile
most significantly close to the Fano resonance dip at $E=J$, where we see finite transmission instead
of full reflection  in the immobile case.
 In contrast, vibrations leave the other regions of the transmission spectrum largely unaffected. In particular the perfect transmission at $E = -J$ and reflection at $E=\pm 2J$ persist. This may be understood realizing  that these characteristics are due to the reduced
CU  $\hat H'_{U}$  and the chain just in the presence of a CU, respectively. The conditions for both of these elements remain the same if $\alpha$ is mobilized.

Empirically, a CU with three sites is the minimal configuration to easily achieve the desired large influence of vibrations, i.e., significant broadband transmission in the presence of vibrations for incoming energies that are opaque in the static case. This can be understood through the fragility of the quotient $D_{2}/D_{3}$ in the static case \eref{transmission_profile_TMM}, for the case where numerator and denominator both tend to zero.  This control unit thus gives rise to a \emph{qualitative impact} of vibrations on transport. Strictly speaking, a single vibrating monomer in the control unit is sufficient to influence transport on the chain, although, to a much smaller extent
and only for a very narrow regime of parameters which required excessive parameter  tuning to find.
Moreover, for a single  monomer in the CU, both the coupling between CU and main chain as well as the coupling strength to higher vibrational excitations  depend on a single physical parameter, the interaction strength between CU and main chain. For more monomers in the CU, the coupling strength to higher vibrational excitations additionally depends on intra-CU interactions, allowing the two crucial quantities to be independently tuned.

For verification of the QSM results, we compare them to those obtained with the TDSE. In contrast to the previous section, we explicitly include the vibrational dynamics of monomer $\alpha$ in the simulation, which is initialised in the vibrational ground state. After the scattering event,
the transmission coefficient  shown in \fref{trans_vib} is obtained as discussed before, summing over all vibrational channels. The TDSE quantitatively confirms the transmission profile, in particular the
spectacular switch of the suppression  around $E=J$ to a local maximum of transmission due to an excitable  CU.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{./figs/trans_vib.pdf}
\caption{Comparison of transmission profile for vibrating and immobile monomer $\alpha$ in the control unit. The dashed curve shows the transmission profile obtained from our multi-channel quantum scattering method (QSM) when the vibrational state is constrained to the ground-state. The solid curve shows the transmission profile obtained from the QSM for the vibrating monomer, with harmonic frequency $\hbar\omega/J = 0.01$ and other parameters as in \cite{par_1}.  Circles show the transmission profile obtained from a time dependent wavepacket calculation for verification. For the QSM, here and elsewhere, we use $50$ vibrational states unless otherwise indicated,  with results unchanged for higher numbers. Here and in the subsequent plots,  monomer $\alpha$ is assumed to be initially in the vibrational ground state $j_\mathrm{in} = 0$.}
\label{trans_vib}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{./figs/trans_refl.pdf}
\caption{Contributions of different vibrational channels: (a) Total transmission profile (dotted line), compared to the elastic channel, i.e., for $j_{\rm in}=j_{\rm final}=0$ (solid line). (b) Contribution from inelastic channels with $j_{\rm final}>0$. The harmonic frequency for monomer $\alpha$ is $\hbar\omega/J =
0.01$ and other parameters as in \cite{par_1}. }
\label{trans_vib_chan}
\end{figure}

\subsubsection{Distinguishing vibrational channels}

The QSM allows us to separately quantify the contribution of each vibrational channel $j$ as done in \fref{trans_vib_chan}, where the individual transmission probabilities $T_j$ are shown together with the total transmission $T=\sum_jT_j$.
Partial transmission $T_j$ means that the vibrating
monomer remains in vibrational state $\ket{j}$ \emph{after} the excitation has passed the control unit region, and hence can no longer affect the vibrational state.
One sees from \frefp{trans_vib_chan}{a} that the elastic channel without lasting energy exchange between main chain and CU dominates transmission apart from energies close to the resonance at $E=J$. This remains true
even if the initial vibrational state for the monomer is not the ground-state, as in \fref{trans_vib_chan}, but rather an excited state. We see that only even $j$ contribute here, due to the mirror symmetry of the setup in \fref{sketch}. Without this symmetry, also odd $j$ would contribute.

The transmission profile associated with the $\ket{j_\mathrm{in}}$ channel is similar to the static case, except in the vicinity of $E=J$ where a non-zero transmission is observed. Other channels contribute quite significantly to transmission in the dip region, where a small finite transmission contribution is found, which decreases with the inelasticity, i.e., with increasing vibrational energy of the channel, see \fref{trans_vib_chan}{b}. The sum of total
transmission and reflection over all channels is unity for the entire energy region, confirming the consistency of the method.

\subsubsection{Vibrational resonances}
\label{vibres}

So far we have focused on small vibrational frequencies $\hbar\omega\ll J$.
 High vibrational frequencies $\hbar\omega>2J$ lead to quantized vibrational states outside the exciton band which are weakly coupled for our parameters.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{./figs/trans_comp.pdf}
\caption{ Transmission as a function of energy for different vibration frequencies of the ring monomer with parameters given in \cite{par_1}. The legends indicate the vibrational energy $\hbar\omega/J$. (a)  Frequencies $\hbar\omega/J\geq 0.2$. (b) Frequencies $\hbar\omega/J< 0.2$.
\label{trans_vib_detail}}
\end{figure}
The transmission profile for the excitation transport is shown in \fref{trans_vib_detail} for several vibrational frequencies $\omega$. As expected, if  $E=J+\hbar \omega$ falls outside the exciton bandwidth, here for $\hbar \omega \ge J$, the transmission profile is not affected by the vibration, see thick gray curve in \frefp{trans_vib_detail}{a}. For lower frequencies a clear feature appears at $E=J+\hbar \omega$, in the form of a narrow peak and dip, superimposing the already existing broad dip centred at $E=J$. The characteristic profile seen again heralds a Fano resonance that now involves the vibration of the monomer in addition to electronic degrees of freedom. As $\omega$ is further reduced, the resonance peaks
move towards $E=J$ and broaden giving rise to transmission instead of reflection at $J=1$ as discussed before, see \frefp{trans_vib}{b}.

\begin{figure}[htb]
\includegraphics[width=0.9\columnwidth]{./figs/eta_vib.pdf}
\caption{Transmission as a function of energy for two harmonic frequencies  $\omega_{\eta}$ of the ring monomer $\eta$ with  parameters given in \cite{par_1} and the two other monomers of the CU kept immobile.
Transmission spectrum (dotted) for an asymmetric CU configuration where only monomer $\alpha$ is mobile and
the CU has been rotated
 by $\theta_0=\pi/6$ (see inset) relative to the main chain.}
\label{trans_eta}
\end{figure}

\subsubsection{More vibrations and transmission switching}

While we have only considered vibrations on monomer $\alpha$ so far, let us briefly inspect what happens if monomer $\eta$ is mobile instead ($\eta$ and $\beta$ are equivalent by symmetry). For  $\hbar\omega_{\eta}/J\ge 0.1$ (dashed line in  \fref{trans_eta}) the transmission profile is qualitatively similar to the case of a static CU, while multiple resonance kinks appear for the smaller frequency $\hbar\omega/J = 0.01$ (solid line in  \fref{trans_eta}) turning the transmission dip into a region of finite transmission.

Note that monomers $\alpha$ and $\eta$ play a very different role for our transport system
which is most easily seen in the static case from our discussion of \eref{transmission_profile_TMM}, where the eigenenergies
of the CU with $\alpha$, $D_{3}$ and the eigenergies of the reduced CU $H_{2}$ (including $\eta$ but excluding $\alpha$) enter the effective potential $V_{\rm eff}$  as a factor $D_{2}/D_{3}$.
The difference of the roles can be blurred with an asymmetric CU configuration which is achieved by simply rotating the entire CU with an angle  $\theta_{0}$ as shown in the inset of \fref{trans_eta}. Indeed, now the transmission for
a mobile monomer $\alpha$ keeping the other two monomers in the CU immobile,  shows additional resonance features similar to a mobile $\eta$ before, while retaining the overall characteristics of mobile $\alpha$ from the symmetric case with a sizeable transmission at $E=J$, see dotted line in \fref{trans_eta}.

Importantly, in either case, with vibrations on $\eta$ or $\alpha$, we find that a spectral region of perfect reflection can be turned into one with significant finite transmission. This signals a complete qualitative change
of resonant scattering  through  motion of the CU monomers. A general understanding of this behavior is provided by  non-adiabatic transitions between chain states discussed in \cite{ramachandran:nonadiabtransp} within an appropriate  time-dependent framework.

\section{Conclusions and Outlook}
\label{concl}
To describe the effect of vibrating sites in discrete transport systems we have  developed  a multichannel quantum scattering method (QSM)  which allows us to determine transmission and reflection coefficients in a time-independent framework, despite the strong coupling of excitation transport to vibration and creation of electronic-vibrational entanglement. We have verified the results and the QSM developed,  by extensive comparison with time-dependent wave-packet calculations using the TDSE.
Since  a larger number of vibrating sites can be included, the method is applicable in a general context
of transport on a discrete chain of sites with coupling to vibration or inter-site motion, ranging from conjugated polymers and molecular wires and coupled quantum dots with involvement of phonons to opto-mechanical arrays.

Using this new method, we have explored how Fano-resonances in quantum transmission
on a static chain of discrete sites (monomers) including a control unit (scatterer) are modified if
the monomers are allowed to vibrate.
 This setup constitutes a Fano-Anderson chain with mobile scatterers.
It gives rise to rich features, including the reversal of the scattering effect:
Mobile scatterers can lead to  significant transmission at
 incoming wave energies with full reflection in the static case.
 The qualitative difference of the transmission characteristics close to a Fano
resonance with significant transmission upon different kinds of monomer mobilization in the control unit
 suggests possible applications in nanoscopic switching and sensing.

\acknowledgments
We thank Milan \v{S}indelka for input to the initial stage of this project and the Max-Planck society for financial support under the MPG-IISER partner group program.  Also the support and the resources provided by Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) and the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM), Government of India are gratefully acknowledged. A.E.~acknowledges support from the DFG via a Heisenberg fellowship (Grant No EI 872/5-1). A. S. acknowledges financial support from SERB via the grant (File No.: CRG/2019/003447)  and from DST via the DST-INSPIRE Faculty Award (DST/INSPIRE/04/2014/002461).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Bio: I am currently pursuing a Ph.D. in computer science at Harvard University, under adviser Stephen Chong, and expect to finish by the end of summer 2015. I previously received a BS (with honors) in mathematics from University of Michigan and masters in applied mathematics from Harvard University. Prior to and throughout grad school I was research staff at MIT Lincoln Laboratory working on such diverse topics as missile defense simulations, optical discrimination algorithms, and interactive network infiltration games.