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Greek Mythology to Rational Pre-Socratic Philosophy
Enzo Signorelli / Getty Images
This is meant as a general introduction to Pre-Socratic philosophy.
Specifically, you should see how
Pre-Socratic philosophy emerged as a new way to explain the world and
differed dramatically from what came before.
There are various Greek myths to explain the origins of the universe and of man. Three generations of immortal creatures vied for power. The first were personifications of such things as Earth and Sky, whose mating produced land, mountains, and seas. One Greek mythological concept of man tells of an earlier, happier time -- a Greek Garden of Eden
What Came Before?
Mythology ... which didn't die just because alternatives showed up.
Like Pre-Socratic philosophy would soon do, mythology also explained the world, but it provided supernatural explanations for the universe and creation.
"The basic theme of mythology is that the visible world is supported and sustained by an invisible world." - Joseph Campbell
Playing the Human World as if a Giant Chessboard
Okay. You caught me. There is an old movie from the 70s on a topic from Greek mythology that shows the gods and goddesses playing with the lives of the mortal heroes and damsels in distress as actual pawns on a cosmic chessboard, but the image works.
Hollywood aside, some Greeks thought unseen gods manipulated the world from their perches on Mt. Olympus. One god(dess) was responsible for grain, another for the seas, another for the olive, etc.
Mythology made guesses about important things that people wanted to, but couldn't see. Early philosophers also made guesses about this unseen universe.
The Change to Philosophy:
The early Greek, Pre-Socratic philosophers attempted to explain the world around them in more natural terms than those who relied on mythological explanations that divided the labor among human-looking (anthropomorphic) gods.
For example, instead of anthropomorphic creator gods, the Pre-Socratic philosopher Anaxagoras thought nous 'mind' controlled the universe.
Is That Really Philosophy?
Philosophy = Science (Physics)
Such an explanation doesn't sound much like what we think of as philosophy, let alone science, but the Pre-Socratics were early philosophers, sometimes indistinguishable from natural scientists. This is an important point: philosophy and science/physics weren't separate academic disciplines.
Philosophy = Ethics and the Good Life
Later, philosophers turned to other topics, like ethics and how to live, but they didn't give up on their speculation about nature. Even at the end of the Roman Republic, it would be fair to characterize ancient philosophy as both "ethics and physics" ["Roman Women," by Gillian Clark; Greece & Rome, (Oct. 1981)].
Periods of Greek Philosophy
The Greeks dominated philosophy for about a millennium, from before c. 500 B.C. to A.D. 500. Jonathan Barnes, in Early Greek Philosophy, divides the millennium into three parts:
The Pre-Socratics.
The period is known for its schools, the Academy, Lyceum, Epicureans, Stoics, and Skeptics.
The period of syncretism begins approximately 100 B.C. and ends in A.D. 529 when the Byzantine Roman Emperor Justinian forbade the teaching of pagan philosophy.
There are other ways to divide the Greek philosophers. The About.com Guide to Philosophy says there were 5 Great Schools - The Platonic, Aristotelian, Stoic, Epicurean, and Skeptic. Here we're following Barnes and talking about those who came before Plato and Aristotle, the Stoics, Epicureans, and Skeptics.
The First Philosophical Solar Eclipse
This, Barnes' first period, begins with Thales' alleged prediction of a solar eclipse in 585 B.C. and ends in 400 B.C. Philosophers of this period are called Pre-Socratic, somewhat misleadingly, since Socrates was a contemporary.
Some argue that the term "philosophy" inaccurately limits the sphere of interest of the so-called Pre-Socratic philosophers.
Is Students of Nature a Better Term?
Students of nature, the Pre-Socratics are credited with inventing philosophy, but they didn't work in a vacuum. For instance, knowledge of the eclipse -- if not apocryphal -- may have come from contact with Babylonian astronomers.
The early philosophers shared with their predecessors, the mythographers, an interest in the cosmos.
Where Does Stuff Come From?
Parmenides was a philosopher from Elea (west of mainland Greece, in Magna Graecia) who probably was an older contemporary of the young Socrates. He says that nothing comes into being because then it would have come from nothing. Everything that is must always have been.
Myth Writers vs the Pre-Socratic Philosophers:
Myths are stories about persons.
Pre-Socratics looked for principles or other natural explanations.
Myths allow a multiplicity of explanations.
Pre-Socratics were looking for the single principle behind the cosmos.
Myths are conservative, slow to change.
To read what they wrote, you might think the aim of the Pre-Socratics was to knock down earlier theory.
Myths are self-justifying.
Myths are morally ambivalent.
-From "The Attributes of Mythic/Mythopoeic Thought"
Philosophers sought a rational order observable in the natural phenomena, where mythographers relied on the supernatural.
Pre-Socratics Denied a Distinction Between Natural & Supernatural:
When the Pre-Socratic philosopher Thales (of eclipse fame) said "all things are full of gods," he wasn't so much singing the swan song of mythographers or rationalizing myth. No, he was breaking new ground by, in Michael Grant's words, "... implicitly denying that any distinction between natural and supernatural could be legitimately envisaged."
The most significant contributions of the Pre-Socratics were their rational, scientific approach and belief in a naturally ordered world.
After the Pre-Socratics: Aristotle and So Forth:
With the philosopher Aristotle, who valued evidence and observation, the distinction between philosophy and empirical science began to appear.
Following the death of Alexander the Great (a student of Aristotle's), the kings who divvied up and ruled his empire began to subsidize scholars working in areas, like medicine, that would do them some good.
At the same time, the philosophical schools of the Stoics, Cynics, and Epicureans, that were not interested in empirical science, took hold.
Michael Grant attributes the separation of science and philosophy to Strato of Lampsacus (successor of Aristotle's successor, Theophrastus), who shifted the focus of the Lyceum from logic to experiment.
Pre-Socratics May Have Been Rational But They Couldn't Possibly All Be Right:
As Barnes points out, just because the Pre-Socratics were rational, and presented supportive arguments, doesn't mean they were right. They couldn't possibly all be right, anyway, since much of their writing consists in pointing out inconsistencies of their predecessors' paradigms.
Jonathan Barnes, Early Greek Philosophy
Michael Grant, The Rise of the Greeks
Michael Grant, The Classical Greeks
G.S. Kirk and J.E. Raven, The Presocratic Philosophers
J.V. Luce, Introduction to Greek Philosophy
The Attributes of Mythopoeic Thought
Presocratic Philosophy
Pythagoras of Samos
Epicureans
Stoics
Gill, N.S. "Greek Mythology to Rational Pre-Socratic Philosophy." ThoughtCo, Sep. 2, 2021, thoughtco.com/greek-mythology-pre-socratic-philosophy-112518. Gill, N.S. (2021, September 2). Greek Mythology to Rational Pre-Socratic Philosophy. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/greek-mythology-pre-socratic-philosophy-112518 Gill, N.S. "Greek Mythology to Rational Pre-Socratic Philosophy." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/greek-mythology-pre-socratic-philosophy-112518 (accessed January 18, 2022).
Ancient Philosophers
Philosophers and Great Thinkers From Ancient Greece
Timeline of Greek and Roman Philosophers
Biography of Anaximander
Hellenistic Greece
The 5 Great Schools of Ancient Greek Philosophy
Most Important Figures in Ancient History
Inventions and Discoveries of Ancient Greek Scientists
Atomism: Pre-Socratic Philosophy of Atomism
A History of Ancient Greek Physics
The Idea of Nature
Definition and Examples of Dialectic in Rhetoric
An Introduction to Ancient (Classical) History
Stoics and Moral Philosophy - The 8 Principles of Stoicism
Myth and Explanations for Creation


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This is the last part of a 3-piece series on the concept of "attack surface". Part 1 argued that an organization's exposure to cyber risk – traditionally calculated as a tally of the technologies that house and traffic data – also includes the people who touch all those technologies. Part 2 introduced the idea of governance risk, where a lack of proper oversight creates a liability for boards that can be thought of as another attack surface.
Previous articles have argued that the cyber attack surface is far greater than the sum of technologies – that those who actively use technology (read: the workforce) comprise the true attack surface. Managers and directors who fail to recognize and take steps to address this true attack surface are themselves vulnerable to attack by shareholders who suffer damage from a cyber breach. With such a vastly expanded definition of cyber risk, how should executive managers and corporate directors prepare themselves for a cyber event?
The fundamentals of risk management don't change just because a new risk is introduced. Cyber risk exposure is still a function of all the points that could be vulnerable to an attack. The difference is that those exposure points aren't what our intuition tells us they are.
Of course, the first layer of risk resides in the technology systems. In order to effectively manage risk, an organization must have a living inventory of assets, systems, and data that drive the business. The next requirement is to understand the workforce and the ways in which they gain access to systems. Who is authorized? How are they screened? What are the mechanisms that protect against unauthorized access? How do people enter and leave the system?
Understanding how these systems work together will expose the true cybersecurity attack surface. Being able to develop credible answers to these issues is critical in effective oversight of cybersecurity.
The quest to understand the asset and access systems that make up attack surface often reveals some unpleasant realities. Inventories may be incomplete, and the processes intended to maintain them will prove deficient. Access control procedures may be decoupled from vetting and training functions. Risk managers may be at odds with system administrators, while all of them are at odds with security operations.
The situation is complex, but certainly not unusual. As with any complex system, there are problems at the center that are responsible for problems at the periphery. A deep dive into the biggest problems will stem the flow of energy to the myriad small ones.
Tackle the big issues first: asset inventories, identity and access management. Build collaborative, cross-functional teams with representatives from risk and security, of course, but also from human resources, IT, procurement, and compliance. The cyber risk problem seems intractable because it crosses the traditional boundaries of an organization. Collaboration along these breached boundaries – the outlines of the attack surface – is key to building resilient cyber risk management programs.
Executives and directors can be powerful evangelists for discovering, defining and understanding the organizations attack surface. Indeed, they must step into this role: their very own safety depends on mitigating cyber risk. A board of directors who fails to properly oversee cyber risk strategy – whether by omission or willful ignorance – will be held accountable by familiar adversaries: shareholders and regulators.
The cybersecurity attack surface represents a significant liability for boards of directors. The best protection is assurance that all who operate within the organization are pursuing best practices to manage cyber risk. Boards must strive for policy implementation that is observable and measurable.
An integrated approach that blends functional teams and demands support from managers will add depth to cyber capabilities. Processes should include methods for testing and continuous improvement. The quarterly report on cyber risk must demonstrate evidence of this activity, so that boards can understand and effectively engage in cyber risk management.
Cyber risk represents an existential threat to companies and the boards who govern them. The traditional concept of an attack surface provides guidance for thinking about this problem, but it is not wholly adequate. The attack surface is intangible and deeply interconnected; it is fluid and exhibits unexpected, emergent properties. In order to be adequately addressed, it requires a common framework that touches every level of the organization, and aligns all stakeholders with a common goal: cyber risk mitigation.


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Hotels & Hospitality Development News in Central Florida
W192 Development Authority weighs partnership with UCF experts to advise hoteliers
Consultants from the Rosen College of Hospitality Management evaluated the Continental Inn to help make the business more profitable. (TripAdvisor)
Members of the W192 Development Authority are struggling with how best to utilize UCF's Rosen College of Hospitality Management experts to boost hotel business along the corridor.
The authority has $375,000 in its 2016 budget for Rosen's consulting team to provide management advice and draft business plans for struggling hotels. Each study costs $15,000.
But the college's first effort at delivering critical analysis of one local motel - the Continental Inn - was met with mixed reviews, as detailed last week when the authority's subcommittee reconvened with members of the evaluation team and hotel owners.
The Rosen consultants made several recommendations, including closing the hotel until the owners had renovated all of the guest rooms and eliminating weekly rentals. They also suggested improving the hotel's online presence and marketing.
Kevin Patel, who owns the 36-room hotel, said he felt insulted by the report and noted that he had already implemented several of the changes outlined in the business plan.
Authority member Peggy Choudhry said the group needs to determine if the district's limited funds would be better spent on a facade grant program to help business owners improve the exterior appearance of the properties, versus the detailed analyses offered by the Rosen consultants.
"I truly believe that not every hotel needs this report," Choudhry said.
Facade improvement programs typically offer a 50 percent match to business owners in the redevelopment district for exterior improvements, such as painting, awning replacement and lighting improvements.
Erik Berger, an adjunct professor at the college, said finding ways for hotels to better market their existing properties would be more effective than offering modest grants to improve curb appeal. "Every hotel can always benefit by having someone else with a lot of experience provide recommendations that in the long run will make them more profitable," he said.
Showing a hotel owner how to improve his reviews on TripAdvisor could prove more valuable than a fresh coat of paint, he said. "You can have the best looking hotel in the world, but it all comes down to how you're managing it and how you're treating the guests."
He noted that with a business plan prepared by Rosen experts, the hotel owner would be more likely to qualify for bank lending to do major interior renovations.
With the group unable to reach consensus, Authority Director David Buchheit told GrowthSpotter the subcommittee would have to schedule another meeting to further weigh the benefits of keeping the flexible spending program, as originally envisioned, or offering facade grants. The two programs don't need to be mutually exclusive. If there's less demand for consulting work, some of the flexible spending dollars could be shifted into another program, he said.
The authority has more than $2.8 million in revenue estimated to come in to its Community Redevelopment Area (CRA) in 2015, and has earmarked $1 million for a sign replacement program.
Have a tip about Central Florida development? Contact me at lkinsler@GrowthSpotter.com or (407)420-6261, or tweet me at @LKinslerOGrowth. Follow GrowthSpotter on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn.
Latest Hotels & Hospitality Development News in Central Florida
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


David Sullivan, the co-owner of West Ham United, has been adjudged at a tribunal to have used the football club to avoid paying £700,000 in taxes.
The matter relates to a £2 million transfer of funds from Mr Sullivan's family business to West Ham United in 2010 through a purchase of shares in the holding company that owns the football club.
Mr Sullivan has now been told by a first-tier tax tribunal that he must pay back what sums he is deemed to owe because it is believed that the relevant transaction was motivated in part by a desire to avoid taxation.
Details of the issue being considered by the tribunal were first revealed by the Times, with its reports insisting that the £2 million of shares bought by Mr Sullivan's company were, on the very same day in 2010, converted into "deferred shares" and deemed effectively worthless.
The allegations being faced by Mr Sullivan are that his company acquired shares in West Ham United's holding company partly in order to bring about a loss on its balance sheet, which would then result in its tax liabilities being reduced by some £700,000.
Judge Jane Bailey, who heard the case at tribunal, said the overarching reason for the transaction was to provide funds to West Ham United but she also drew a number of other conclusions.
"It is clear from our findings of fact that there was more than one way to provide funding to the football club and that one of the reasons that Mr Sullivan chose to provide funds to the football club in the specific way that transpired was so that the appellant (Sullivan) could claim a capital loss," she said.
The director general for customer compliance at HMRC, Penny Ciniewicz, said in a statement that Congate Ltd, Mr Sullivan's family business, "built tax structures to avoid paying the tax that was rightfully due".
West Ham United are currently battling against relegation from the Premier League, sitting 17th in the table having lost four of their last five matches under manager David Moyes.


The history of the Germans invading, oppressing, enslaving, exploiting, and ruthlessly killing the people of Namibia is an extremely shameful one.
It is important to understand Germany's terrible past, to consider why especially German involvement through it's GIZ agency in support of Namibia's Land Reform efforts are highly inappropriate.
To ensure monopoly rights to exploit mineral deposits in Namibia, German bankers, industrialists and politicians illegally and fraudulently founded the German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika, DSWA) as a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915. The colonial aim was to dispossess the people of their land, for use of German settlers, as well as a source of raw materials and a market of German industrial products.
Under Bismark's policy, an (il)legal system of the German colony was passed, creating a dual system with laws for Europeans and different laws for the original people of the land.
Countless uprisings took place against German rule, well before the Herero and Nama wars of 1903-1907, that lead to the first genocide of the 20th century, known as the Herero and Namaqua genocide – done by the Germans.
1915, the German South-West Africa colony was taken over by the Union of South Africa (as part of the British Empire) and administered as South-West Africa, until Namibia became impendent in 1990 and the youngest member state of the United Nations until recently.
In 2004, the German government recognized and apologized for the genocide, but has ruled out financial compensation for the victims' descendants.
Today, Germany's governmental development aid agency GIZ priority areas of activities in Namibia are economical development and management of natural resources.
Indigenous peoples, Himba and Zemba, told Earth Peoples that they experience Namibia's land reform laws as a push to privatize their land. They call it the "land grab reform".
Once again, Germany, through GIZ's political and financial engagement with Namibia's Land reform laws and policies is directly involved to dispossess indigenous peoples from their traditional lands and territories.
Himba Ovahimba – Ovatwa, Khoikhoi – Nama, Khoisan- San, Zemba – Tjimba are in urgent need for legal recognition of their collective land rights. As much as one may think that this is exactly what Namibia's Government is thriving to do, and that communal land use laws, programmes and policies are ensuring just that, you got it partly right, but also utterly wrong.
Through land reform, the Namibian Government aims to redistribute land from the large-scale commercial sector to landless people and those with only marginal access to land. The reform is seen as the prerequisite for social and economic development, and is implemented through two parallel land reform programmes, communal land reform and commercial land reform.
Communal land reform involves "improved" control and regulation of the communal areas or 'tribal' land under traditional authority through communal land rights registration, whilst commercial land reform involves the redistribution of commercial farmland into previously disadvantaged hands through the Affirmative Action Loan Scheme and National Resettlement Programme.
Himba and Zemba, two indigenous people, have in their view no legitimate representation, because the Government of Namibia doesn't recognize their traditional leaders, their chiefs, as "Traditional Authority".
In the case of the Zemba people, the Government of Namibia even suggests that they are not Namibian's, and should go back to Angola, entirely overlooking that they always lived on both sides of the border, as is the case with San and Himba, and for a matter of fact, the situation of most indigenous peoples that never had a say when state borders were created. The traditional chief of the Zemba people, recognized by Zemba people, is also not recognized as a "traditional authority"by Namibia.
To enter into complicated details, it seems that all Namibian tribes migrated once upon a time from other areas into current Namibia. Khoisan also known as Bushmen, or Hai//om (people who live around Etosha National Park) are the original people that lived there before anyone else of the tribes arrived that exist in today's Namibia.
But let's not discuss here what came first, the egg or the chicken.
As long as the situation of legitimate "traditional authority" recognition is not ensured by the state, and the legal recognition of indigenous peoples traditional territory in its entire, of the Himba and any other indigenous peoples, and the implementation of international human rights standards pertaining to indigenous peoples, GIZ should not engage with Namibia's land reform processes.
Not as long as they take the land rights away from the indigenous peoples that wish to maintain their identity as a people, that are holding on to their way of life according to their ancestors.
" To our great grievance, the Namibian government has destroyed our ancestral traditional governance structure, by disposing and withholding the official recognition of 33 of us as rightful traditional leaders.
We and other traditional leaders from other tribes went to the High Court, and we won the case on December 13th 2001, and the Government of Namibia was ordered to re-install us in our rightful positions as Traditional Authorities.
But the state did not comply with the Court order to this very day, and we remain not recognized leaders, removed from our legal powers.
Today we have only 3 traditional chiefs that are recognized by the state, that share overlapping jurisdiction of the entire Kaokoland.
Our people and we strongly object to the states' ruthless interference by the Government of Namibia that is disabling our people to choose their own leaders and destiny.
We therefore declare that the Government of Namibia deliberately disempowering us to govern ourselves within our Kaokoland to hinder us and our people to determine our own future, such as to ensure the continuity of our cultural identity, traditions and customs and our political institution, that we wish to preserve for the future generations.
Because we are no longer allowed to govern, and are not recognized by the Government of Namibia as the legitimate leaders of our people and land, we see our traditional territory being invaded by the ruling Owambo ethnic group in Namibia, that controls the ruling SWAPO Party which in turn runs the government.
The ruling SWAPO Party has been imposing on us laws, programs, leaders and projects that we don't want, but we are made voiceless. We are not consulted, not included in any decision-making processes, nor are we heard when we object.
We are therefore the marginalized and oppressed tribe in our country Namibia.
We are currently facing a law that allows any citizen of Namibia to apply and receive 20 hectares of our land. (Communal Land Reform Act 5 of 2002).
We strongly object this law that is forced upon our throats against our will and consent.
Himna and Zemba protested for a third time in the past months, for the reason of the negative impact of the Land Reform Act on their land rights, as well as other human rights violations, including the lack of implementation of their Free, Prior and informed consent (FPIC) which has been ignored by the state while pushing forward with plans to construct a hydroelectric dam on their territory in the Baynes Mountains' Kunene River.
To read about their protest, click here.
This entry was posted on Friday, March 29th, 2013 at 10:41 am	and is filed under Free Prior Informed Consent FPIC / Consentimiento Previo Libre e Informado, German GIZ directly engaged with dispossessing indigenous peoples of their lands and territories, Himba / Ovahimba, Hydroelectric Dam, Ovazemba, VIDEO, Zemba. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.


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This American Life's Apple Retraction: The Danger of Truthiness
By James Poniewozik @poniewozikMarch 16, 2012
Qilai Shen / Bloomberg / Getty Images
An employee works on the assembly line at Hon Hai Group's Foxconn plant in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China, on May 26, 2010.
'This American Life' Retracts Episode on Apple's Suppliers in China The New York Times Media Decoder
It turned out to be a big day for Apple in more ways than one. This morning, its stores began sales of its new iPad models to enthusiastic crowds. And earlier today, Public Radio International's This American Life issued a stunning retraction of a damaging report–just one among others in the media, but still–of exploitation of the workers in China who supply parts for the company's gadgets.
TAL host and producer Ira Glass, in an apologetic statement, said that a Jan. 6 broadcast by monologist Mike Daisey, purporting to detail abuses he saw and heard about on a visit to an iPhone and iPad manufacturer, "contained significant fabrications." The company, Foxconn, has been the subject of other investigations (not debunked or retracted), including a thumping indictment in the New York Times, that described dangerous working conditions, poor pay and worker suicides at factories run by the company Foxconn. But Daisey's, part of a larger stage piece, The Agony and Ecstasy of Steve Jobs, now appears to have included fabricated characters and incidents, reports of events that purportedly happened elsewhere and details that seem to be borrowed from other journalistic reports.
Glass's statement acknowledged that TAL should not have aired the report and that it failed to vet Daisey's account properly (in spite, apparently, of some warning flags). TAL plans to spend its entire episode this weekend looking into the case, and Glass' tone was abjectly apologetic: "We're horrified to have let something like this onto public radio."
(MORE: Hatchet Job: The Video Hit Piece that Made Both NPR and Its Critics Look Bad)
A statement by Daisey, on the other hand, was not nearly so contrite. It includes this doubling-down paragraph:
What I do is not journalism. The tools of the theater are not the same as the tools of journalism. For this reason, I regret that I allowed THIS AMERICAN LIFE to air an excerpt from my monologue. THIS AMERICAN LIFE is essentially a journalistic - not a theatrical - enterprise, and as such it operates under a different set of rules and expectations. But this is my only regret. I am proud that my work seems to have sparked a growing storm of attention and concern over the often appalling conditions under which many of the high-tech products we love so much are assembled in China.
What? Sure, whether theater and journalism operate under different standards of truth is an interesting aesthetic debate. There's certainly a history of personal monologists telling embellished stories of their own lives, with the understanding of their audience that they're using poetic license.
But whatever different license theater has, it's pretty plain that it surrenders that license when it presents itself as journalism, discussing not personal matters but real-world events–the way thousands of actual people are treated and the way we get one of the most popular consumer products. This is not David Sedaris doctoring a quirky anecdote about his family. For Daisey to shrug this off as simply a poor choice of venue is willfully naive at best.
Even if you ignore this, though, even if you accept Daisey's implicit argument that his fabrications were justified because they raised awareness and "sparked a storm of attention," the excuse doesn't work. Because you know what else sparks a storm of attention? Having a public-radio program retract one of its most-attention-getting reports of all time.
If you think there's some validity to the "larger truth" defense–that it's OK to fudge the truth if the general charge is valid and the cause is good–that's actually the precise reason Daisey's rationalization doesn't work. Because there are plenty of other, reported indictments of Foxconn's practices out there, and they now risk being tarred by a false "larger truth" created by Daisey's exposure.
We've seen this happen before when journalistic outlets have cut corners in their reporting on legitimate stories. The scandal is what makes the biggest splash, and no matter how many well-researched 5,000-word exposes anyone else does, the takeaway among the general audience, half-following this and dozens of other stories at home could end up being: "What, that thing about the exploited iPad workers in China? Didn't they find out that was a hoax or something?"
It's not just a matter of abstract principle or journalism-school morality. Truthiness works on The Colbert Report, but in the real world, it's no substitute for the truth.
MORE: Apple Manufacturer Foxconn Gives Workers Pay Raise


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Freedom in the Family: A Mother-Daughter Memoir of the Fight for Civil Rights
by Tananarive Due
Publication Date: Jan 01, 2003
Imprint: One World/Ballantine
Parent Company: Bertelsmann
"History happens one person at a time."
Patricia Stephens Due
Patricia Stephens Due fought for justice during the height of the Civil Rights era, surrendering her very freedom to ensure that the rights of others might someday be protected. Her daughter, Tananarive, grew up deeply enmeshed in the values of a family committed to making right whatever they saw as wrong. Together, they have written a paean to the movement its struggles, its nameless foot-soldiers, and its achievements and an incisive examination of the future of justice in this country. Their mother-daughter journey spanning the struggles of two generations is an unforgettable story.
In 1960, when she was a student at Florida A&M University, Patricia and her sister Priscilla were part of the movement's landmark "jail-in," the first time during the student sit-in movement when protestors served their time rather than paying a fine. She and her sister, and three FAMU students, spent forty-nine days behind bars rather than pay for the "crime" of sitting at a Woolworth lunch counter. Thus began a lifelong commitment to human rights. Patricia and her husband, civil rights lawyer John Due, worked tirelessly with many of the movement's greatest figures throughout the sixties to bring about change, particularly in the Deep Southern state of Florida.
Freedom in the Family chronicles these years with fascinating, raw power. Featuring interviews with civil rights leaders like Black Panther Stokely Carmichael (later known as Kwame Ture) and ordinary citizens whose heroism has been largely unknown, this is a sweeping, multivoiced account of the battle for civil rights in America. It also reveals those leaders' potentially controversial feelings about the current state of our nation, a country where police brutality and crippling disparities for blacks and whites in health care, education, employment, and criminal justice still exist today.
A mother writes so that the civil liberties she struggled for are not eroded, so that others will take up the mantle and continue to fight against injustice and discrimination. Her daughter, as part of the integration generation, writes to say thank you, to show the previous generation how very much they've done and how much better off she is for their effort despite all the work that remains. Their combined message is remarkable, moving, and important. It makes for riveting reading.
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text:
Mark Dacascos
Mark Dacascos is an actor, director, martial artist, and television personality. Whether seen on the big screen or small, playing the good guy or the bad, Mark has been making audience stand up and take notice for many years. This spring, Mark will be seen in two highly anticipated films. Playing the lethal assassin, Zero, in the hit franchise John Wick 3 opposite Keanu Reeves, Halle Berry and Laurence Fishburn, as well as the Roger Avery film Lucky Day in the scene stealing role of Louis opposite Nina Dobrev and Crispin Glover. Currently Mark is in Vancouver filming the new Netflix series Wu Assassins opposite Katheryn Winnick. Mark is perhaps best known for his work as The Chairman on The Food Network's hit show, Iron Chef America, or for his role in CBS's Hawaii 5-0 in which he played the iconic villain Wo Fat. Besides these roles, Mark has featured in over 40 full length films and held many roles on TV shows as well. Aside from his time on the big and small screen, Mark is an expert in an array of martial arts. He learned the skills and developed the patience of a martial arts master from his father and honed his skills as a young fighter in Germany. The darkly exotic, multi-lingual, multi-skilled Dacascos is a mix of Japanese, Filipino, Spanish, Irish, and Chinese heritages. He was born in Hawaii and attended school in Germany. A husband and a proud father of three children, Mark and his family currently reside in Los Angeles, California.
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text:
Untouched By Human Hands
Imprint: Penguin Classics
Series: Penguin Science Fiction
Robert Sheckley
'The greatest entertainer ever produced by science fiction' J. G. Ballard
These surreal, elegantly witty tales from one of the most esteemed writers of science fiction encompass indignant aliens, stranded space explorers, shapeshifters, a company that manufactures designer planets and a deadly hunting game in far-future New York.
'Robert Sheckley is one of the great funny writers' Douglas Adams
'A writer not quite like any other whose forte is his own brand of strange and wonderful humour' The New York Times
'Genuinely funny SF' Neil Gaiman
Robert Sheckley is one of the great funny writers
Robert Sheckley was writing genuinely funny SF before Douglas Adams was born ... It is a crime that most of his great short story collections from the 50s, 60s and 70s are out of print
Robert Sheckley is the greatest entertainer ever produced by modern science fiction . . . what a feast of wit and intelligence he lays out
J.G Ballard
One of science fiction's seminal humourists
One of the finest debut volumes ever published in the field, and contains several tales which have remained famous, including 'The Monsters' and the superb 'Specialist' ... Sheckley's stories are unfailingly elegant and literate
Science Fiction Encyclopedia
Ten Thousand Light-Years From Home
Angélica Gorodischer
Warm Worlds and Otherwise
A Voyage to Arcturus
David Lindsay
The Ark Sakura
Edwin Abbott
Star Maker
Olaf Stapledon
Yevgeny Zamyatin
The Hair Carpet Weavers
Make Room! Make Room!
Harry Harrison
Black No More
George S. Schuyler
Samuel R. Delany
Last and First Men
The Cyberiad
One Billion Years to the End of the World
Arkady Strugatsky Boris Strugatsky
Dimension of Miracles
Adam Wisniewski-Snerg
Anna Kavan
Robert Sheckley (1928-2005) was an American science-fiction writer whose utterly original work is noted for its merging of quick wit, philosophical musing and dark satire. His many story collections and novels include Untouched By Human Hands (1954) and Dimension of Miracles (1968). In 2001, he was made Author Emeritus by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America.


text:
Lily Nova is an Australian fashion model.

Career
Nova was discovered at a fashion event in Australia, and debuted at Gucci's F/W 2016 show. She also walked for Miu Miu, Marc Jacobs, Bottega Veneta, Sonia Rykiel, and John Galliano that season. Nova has appeared in multiple Miu Miu campaigns. Nova has modelled in editorials for W, Vogue, Vogue Japan, Vogue Ukraine, and British Vogue among others.

Nova currently ranks on the "Hot List" on models.com She was chosen as a "Top Newcomer" for the F/W 2017 season. Nova is known for her doll-like features.

References

1997 births
Living people
Australian female models
People from Adelaide

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
class DocumentsController < PublicFacingController
  include CacheControlHelper
  include PermissionsChecker
  include PublicDocumentRoutesHelper

  before_filter :redirect_to_canonical_url
  before_filter :find_document, only: [:show]
  before_filter :set_slimmer_headers_for_document, only: [:show]

private

  def build_document_filter
    search_backend.new(cleaned_document_filter_params)
  end

  def cleaned_document_filter_params
    Whitehall::DocumentFilter::CleanedParams.new(params.except(:format, :commit, :_))
  end

  def preview?
    params[:preview]
  end

  def current_user_can_preview?
    preview? && user_signed_in?
  end

  def find_document
    if @document = find_document_or_edition
      if scheduled_document = document_class.scheduled_for_publication_as(params[:id])
        expire_on_next_scheduled_publication([scheduled_document])
      end
    else
      if @document = document_class.scheduled_for_publication_as(params[:id])
        expire_on_next_scheduled_publication([@document])
        render :coming_soon
      elsif @unpublishing = find_unpublishing
        if @unpublishing.redirect?
          redirect_to @unpublishing.alternative_url
        else
          # NOTE: We should be returning a 410 here, but because 4XX statuses get clobbered upstream,
          # we are forced to return 200 for now.
          render :unpublished
        end
      else
        expires_in 5.minutes, public: true
        render text: "Not found", status: :not_found
      end
    end
  end

  def document_related_policies
    @document.policy_areas + @document.policies
  end

  def find_unpublishing
    Unpublishing.from_slug(params[:id], document_class)
  end

  def find_document_or_edition
    find_document_or_edition_for_preview || find_document_or_edition_for_public
  end

  def find_document_or_edition_for_preview
    return unless current_user_can_preview?
    document = document_class.with_translations(I18n.locale).find(params[:preview])
    if can_preview?(document)
      expires_now
      document
    end
  end

  def find_document_or_edition_for_public
    document_class.published_as(params[:id], I18n.locale)
  end

  def document_class
    Edition
  end

  # See test/integration/document_locale_param_canonicalization_test
  # for tests for this.  Functional test won't cut it as we can't inject
  # locale: 'en' to query_parameters (it gets swallowed by the .:locale in
  # the route and so ends up in path_parameters).
  def redirect_to_canonical_url
    if request.query_parameters[:locale] == 'en'
      redir_params = request.path_parameters.merge(request.query_parameters).symbolize_keys.except(:locale)
      redirect_to canonical_redirect_path(redir_params)
    end
  end

  def canonical_redirect_path(redir_params)
    url_for(redir_params)
  end

  def set_slimmer_headers_for_document
    organisations = @document.importance_ordered_organisations
    organisations += @document.worldwide_organisations if @document.can_be_associated_with_worldwide_organisations?
    set_slimmer_organisations_header(organisations)

    set_slimmer_page_owner_header(@document.lead_organisations.first)

    set_slimmer_world_locations_header(@document.world_locations) if @document.can_be_associated_with_world_locations?
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
by Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines
Pioneering partnership names its first Ocean Giants Scholars
The University and Ocean Giants Trust have created unique opportunities for marine biology and conservation undergraduates
Written by Mr Alan Williams, Media & Communications Officer, University of Plymouth
Students from the University of Plymouth are being given the opportunity to work directly with international marine conservation organisations while completing their studies.
Thanks to a pioneering partnership between the University of Plymouth and the Ocean Giants Trust, a series of scholarships have been awarded to marine biology and conservation undergraduates.
The first Ocean Giants Scholars will get to complement their studies by working alongside charities based in locations such as Mexico (The Mexican Caribbean Manta Ray Project), Mozambique (Marine Megafauna Foundation), the Philippines (Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines) and Tanzania (Sea Sense) for the next three years.
This will include a placement during the students' third year, when they will get the chance to travel and see the charities' work first hand.
The five scholars, and their selected deputies, will also work with the Trust to set up their own charity to support the organisations, and ensure the partnership becomes self-sustaining in the future.
Martin Attrill, Professor of Marine Ecology at the University, said:
"Nowhere in the world do undergraduate marine students get an opportunity of this nature. It will give them the unique experience of learning about marine biology and conservation with us, but also provides the chance to actually run a real environmental charity and apply those skills learned in the real world. Many of our students go on to work with conservation charities and NGOs when they graduate, and this will provide them with the perfect experience that could inspire their future careers."
The Ocean Giants Trust seeks to develop enduring conservation solutions from pioneering research, to nurture local conservation action and education, to champion international protection and to inspire a new generation of Ocean Guardians.
A key part of its ethos is to encourage sustainability and financial independence, so that they can take advantage of local knowledge and develop expertise where it is most needed.
The plan is to award five scholarships each year, and the first scholars – and the organisations they will partner with – are:
Jenny Hickman (Marine Biology and Coastal Ecology) and deputy Nicholas Verhey (Conservation Biology) will work with the Ocean Giants Trust themselves;
Miriam Daughtery (Ocean Science and Marine Conservation) and deputy Jasmine Rix (Marine Biology and Oceanography) will work with the Marine Megafauna Foundation, recognised as a global leader in the field of research into the lives of whale sharks;
Jasper Grond (Marine Biology) and deputy Matilda Longstaff (Marine Biology) will work with The Mexican Caribbean Manta Ray Project, a research, conservancy and education programme seeking improved protection of manta species and their habitat;
Molly Outhwaite (Marine Biology and Oceanography) and deputy Elin Meek (Marine Biology and Oceanography) will work with Sea Sense, a Tanzanian NGO that works with coastal communities to conserve and protect endangered marine species including whale sharks, dugongs, sea turtles and large marine mammals;
Konstantinos Alexopoulos (Ocean Science and Marine Conservation) and deputy Eliya Keane (Marine Biology and Coastal Ecology) will work with LAMAVE, an NGO that seeks to spread awareness in the Philippines of whale sharks, sea turtles and several species of cetaceans.
Andy Prebble, chairman of the trustees at the Ocean Giants Trust, said:
"This is a really exciting moment, for us and the charities we work with but also for our first scholars. We hope their knowledge and passion can benefit our organisations, helping them to continue and expand the excellent work they are doing in often very challenging circumstances.
"For the students themselves, we hope it will give them an outstanding opportunity to put what they are learning into practice. It can be tough starting out, and NGOs often tell us the lack of relevant experience among graduates is one of the real issues they face, so this initiative should be a win-win for everyone involved."
For more information about this news release, contact University of Plymouth Media & Communications Officer Alan Williams on 01752 588004 or email alan.williams@plymouth.ac.uk.
About the University of Plymouth
The University of Plymouth is renowned for high quality, internationally-leading education, research and innovation.
With a mission to Advance Knowledge and Transform Lives, Plymouth is a *top 50 research university with clusters of world class research across a wide range of disciplines including marine science and engineering, medicine, robotics and psychology. A twice winner of the Queen's Anniversary Prize for Higher Education, the University of Plymouth continues to grow in stature and reputation.
It has a strong track record for teaching and learning excellence, and has one of the highest numbers of National Teaching Fellows of any UK university. With 18,000 students, and a further 15,000 studying for a Plymouth degree at partner institutions in the UK and around the world, and over 100,000 alumni pursuing their chosen careers globally, it has a growing global presence.
http://www.plymouth.ac.uk
* Research Fortnight Research Power League Table 2014.
Posted in Press Release
tagged with LAMAVE Research Institute, LAMAVE, marine conservation, Marine Megafauna Foundation, ocean giants trust, university of plymouth, scholarship, partnership, marine biology, whale shark


text:
Ransingha
brass trumpet assembled into S or C, of India and Nepal
Ransingha is a type of ancient primitive trumpet or horn. Its made of copper or copper alloy. It is used in both India and Nepal. The instrument is made up of two curved metal parts, which join together to form an "S" shape.[1] It can also be made in a crescent shape.[2]
1 Other names
1.1 Ramsingha
1.2 Narsinga
Other namesEdit
The instrument has different spellings and names. For example, narsinga, ransingha, ramsinga, srnga.
Sringa is a Sanskrit word for horn and it is used in North India and Nepal. The modern words are "Sig", "Siga,", and "Singha". The word was historically used for horns of many different shapes and sizes, for example straight horns and horns made from water buffalo horns with mouthpieces made from ox horns.[3]
RamsinghaEdit
The ramsinga is a pronunciation specific to India. It uses four pipes of very thin metal which fit one within the other. It is mentioned in Emilio Salgari's works such as The Mystery of the Black Jungle (1895). In the book ransingha is associated with the thugee cult.
In Chapter 62 of Foucault's Pendulum (1988) the Ramsinga is also mentioned that a ransingha was played by a devotee of a druidic sect .
NarsingaEdit
Played historically in C shape in Nepa by Damai caste musicians in groups such as the damai baja. This form used in Nepal, Himachal Pradesh and southern Bihar.[4]
GalleryEdit
Nepal. The C-shaped narsinga is part of the Panche baja instruments.
Nepal. Narsinga being played for a wedding.
Nepal. Narsingas at a wedding party.
India, 1799. The Ramsinga, as depicted in the book Les Hindoûs (Volume II), by the Flemish artist Frans Balthazar Solvyns.
↑ Manorma Sharma (1 January 1998). Tribal melodies of Himachal Pradesh: Lahaul Valley. APH Publishing. pp. 64–. ISBN 978-81-7024-942-9. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
↑ Nikolova, Ivanka; Davey, Laura; Dean, Geoffrey, eds. (2000). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Musical Instruments. Cologne: Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. p. 94.
↑ Alastair Dick (1984). "Śrnga". In Sadie, Stanley (ed.). The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. p. 442. Volume 3.
↑ Carol M Babiracki; Mireille Helffer (1984). "Narsīga". In Sadie, Stanley (ed.). The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. p. 749. Volume 2.
History of the ransingha or narsinga with photos.
Ancient musical instruments of India (circa 18th Century) as depicted by Balthazar Solvyns in Les Hindoûs (Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, IGNCA)
Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ransingha&oldid=8150185"


text:
Home / SIDEMEN / BASS PLAYERS / Jonathan Melvoin 7/1996
Posted on December 14, 2016 February 21, 2019 by Macamba0 — Leave a comment
Jonathan Melvoin 7/1996
July 12, 1996 – Jonathan David Melvoin (Prince, the Smashing Pumpkins) was born on December 6th 1961 in Los Angeles, California. He was the brother of twins Susannah and Wendy Melvoin of Prince and the Revolution, and son of Wrecking Crew musician Mike Melvoin. He first learned to play drums at the age of five and was described by friends and relatives as a musician who could play anything.
His parents divorced when he was 14, and he moved with his mother from California to New York City and eventually to Conway, N.H.
As keyboard player and drummer; he performed with many punk bands in the '80s such as The Dickies, and also made musical contributions to many of Susannah and Wendy Melvoin projects, as well as Prince and the Revolution's album "Around the World in a Day".
He was also a member of The Family, a Prince side project which produced the original recording of "Nothing Compares 2 U" and made musical contributions to many Wendy & Lisa projects, as well as to Prince and the Revolution's album Around the World in a Day. He also played drums on Do U Lie? from the 1986 Prince & the Revolution album Parade. At the time of his death he was the (already fired) touring keyboardist for The Smashing Pumpkins during their worldwide tour for the album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness.
In 1994, Melvoin, who worked between gigs as an emergency medical technician, and his wife, Laura, bought a home in Kearsarge, N.H., and prepared for the birth of their son Jacob August in the spring of 1995.
On July 12, 1996 Melvoin died in New York City at age 34 from a potent mixture of alcohol and heroin (specifically a substance known as Red Rum) in Manhattan's Regency Hotel. Smashing Pumpkins drummer Jimmy Chamberlin, present at the scene, tried but failed to revive him. There is much mystery and speculation about what actually took place. Chamberlin was allegedly advised by 9-1-1 operators to put Melvoin's head in the shower in an attempt to revive him until paramedics arrived.
Melvoin was pronounced dead at the scene. Chamberlin was subsequently fired from the band and criminally charged. According to the band, there had been previous overdoses by both of them. Melvoin had already been fired, but was continuing to tour with The Smashing Pumpkins until the end of the tour leg. Melvoin's replacement was Dennis Flemion of The Frogs. His last gig with the Pumpkins was at the Capital Centre in Landover, Maryland.
The Smashing Pumpkins were not invited to Melvoin's funeral. Several songs were inspired by his death, including the Sarah McLachlan song "Angel", the Wendy & Lisa song "Jonathan" (as Girl Bros.), and Prince's "The Love We Make" from the album Emancipation.
Tags: 1996, overdose
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Flexible line testing software for animators.
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Pencil Check Pro... The most flexible line testing software available in the industry. Developed for the most prestigious and demanding studios, Pencil Check Pro provides an extensive feature set designed around a user friendly interface. Pencil Check Pro is the classic animators' best friend, sitting next to the animation table for fast and accurate line tests. An easy to use must-have tool for students learning animation principles.
Pencil Check Pro needs a review. Be the first to review this app and get the discussion started!
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Despite the record snowfall and the distraction of the Olympics and Paralympics, the Whistler Blackcomb events department managed to get off all six Kokanee Valley Race Series events as planned and on schedule.
The final event, a dual giant slalom and team relay, took place on March 18 on Ross's Gold/Gandy Dancer with a strong turnout - many of the participants getting in a few warmup gates before this weekend's Appleton Rum Peak to Valley race.
The overall series winners were also decided in the final event, based on points earned over all six events.


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text:
Q: Username and password in https url using Springboot I need to access to my spring boot application using a url like this :
https://username:password@IpServer/
I have already implemented the https protocol but the problem here is how to add user and pass through the url
Normally i access my application with the url below :
https://@IpServer/
I need help from any body who faced this topic please

A: I finally notice that Spring boot integrate this apache option you should add Security dependencies for spring security after that you modify your application properties like this (it's also for https protocol) :
# Define a custom port instead of the default 8080
server.port=443

#Define http server
#http.port=8080

# Tell Spring Security (if used) to require requests over HTTPS
security.require-ssl=true

# The format used for the keystore
server.ssl.key-store-type=PKCS12
# The path to the keystore containing the certificate
server.ssl.key-store=classpath:keystore.p12
# The password used to generate the certificate
server.ssl.key-store-password=keycertifpass
# The alias mapped to the certificate
server.ssl.key-alias=tomcat

After that you add Basic authentication in a new class, this kind of authentication is the responsible for adding user and pass through URL :
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

import com.project.exception.CustomAuthenticationEntryPoint;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SpringSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private CustomAuthenticationEntryPoint unauthorizedHandler;

    /** Use Basic Authentication **/

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception
    {
        http.httpBasic().realmName("user").and().authorizeRequests()
        .antMatchers("/**").hasRole("user")
        .and()
        .csrf().disable()
        .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(unauthorizedHandler);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)
            throws Exception
    {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
        .withUser("user").password(passwordEncoder().encode("pass")).roles("user");
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

}

For me i have customized the Error Handling for authenticationEntryPoint you can add it if you want or leave it without customization, you are free.
I wish with this answer to help people who faced the same problem.
Thanks everyone.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Have you heard the Apex songs released in 1981?
Did you know there was an Apex postage stamp in 1981?
What is a Club meeting all about?
How do I see what the Apex Club does?
Does Apex cater for both male and female members?
Why does Apex have an age restriction?


Tavi Popaluca is in his seventh season as an assistant coach with the University of California San Diego men's tennis program in 2018-19.
Popaluca was honored as the ITA Division II West Region Assistant Coach of the Year following the 2014-15 season.
Popaluca began his coaching career in 1995 at the Cathedral Canyon Golf & Tennis Club in Palm Springs. Following two years at Cathedral Canyon, he was named the Director of Tennis at the Century City Tennis Club and then moved on to become the Assistant Director of Tennis at The Vintage Club in Indian Wells.
Playing tennis since the age of six, Popaluca's many accomplishments include Junior Davis Cup experience, an ATP Tour world ranking and a college state championship. He has played alongside Jim Courier and was coached by Jose Higueras.
In 2006, Popaluca started his own practice as an agent with New York Life Insurance Company.
Popaluca earned a bachelor's degree in business administration from UC Riverside.
In his free time, he enjoys spending time with his children, Kassia and Ronin.


text:
FIFA expands Women's World Cup from 24 teams to 32 for 2023
FIFA's Council has unanimously approved expanding the Women's World Cup from 24 teams to 32 for 2023 and has reopened bidding to host the tournament but made no mention of changing prize money.
FIFA said Wednesday the decision was made remotely.
Nine national associations had expressed interest in hosting and were due to submit their formal bids by Oct. 4: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Japan, New Zealand, South Africa and South Korea, which could bid jointly with North Korea
Under the new timetable, any national association has until December to make a bid. FIFA expects a bid evaluation report next April and a decision the following month.
FIFA's statement made no mention of prize money. The U.S. received $4 million of a $30 million prize pool for winning the World Cup on July 7, a small percentage of the $38 million from a $400 million pool that France got for winning the 2018 men's World Cup. FIFA has increased prize money for the 2022 men's World Cup to $440 million and FIFA President Gianni Infantino said July 5 that he was proposing FIFA double the women's prize money to $60 million for 2023.
After the U.S. won the women's final in Lyon, France, fans in the stadium chanted "Equal Pay!"
Infantino said in a statement that "this is the time to keep the momentum going and take concrete steps to foster the growth of women's football" and "it means that, from now on, dozens more member associations will organize their women's football program knowing they have a realistic chance of qualifying."
"We have a duty to do the groundwork and strengthen women's football development infrastructure across all confederations," he said.
The Women's World Cup started with 12 teams in 1991, expanded to 16 in 1999 and 24 in 2015.
The men's World Cup was played with 13-16 teams from 1930-78, 24 from 1982-94 and has been contested with 32 since. It is due to expand to 48 in 2026, when the tournament is co-hosted by the United States, Mexico and Canada.
Infantino also has proposed a Women's Club World Cup and creating a women's world league. FIFA is also doubling the funding being made available to women's soccer in the next four-year cycle to $1 billion.
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earth sciences (14)
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Barcelona: Thousands of people demonstrating both for and against Catalan independence shut down parts of central Barcelona on Saturday, two days before the anniversary of a vote on secession last year that polarised the wealthy Spanish region.
Over several hours pro-independence groups chanting "Neither forgetting nor forgiveness" faced off with unionist protesters chanting "Long live Spain" ahead of a weekend of further demonstrations planned to mark last year's vote. Joan Puig, a 42-year-old mechanic, recording the protest in support of the police on his phone, said that the conflict had been stoked by politicians on both sides. "It's getting more and more tense," he said.


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The 13 Ugly Men Foundation Inc, a 501(c)3 not-for-profit organization is excited to announce another event as they continue to "Party for a Purpose" on Saturday, August 19th at a new venue in South Tampa called Pattini's Skate + Bistro. The 13 Ugly Men presents "The 80's Party" starts at 8pm and encourages people to arrive early and take part in the FREE Open Skate until 10pm. Roller skating will ensue until the skating rink is turned into a dance floor and live DJ's will be playing the best and most memorable hits from that decade along with breakdancers, and of course what 80's party wouldn't be complete without a DeLorean. Included in the ticket price are unlimited game play to the arcade games as well as a live performance from 80's sensation "Debbie Deb". Her hits such as "Lookout Weekend" , "When I Hear Music" and "Funky Little Beat" became the ultimate 80's roller skating anthems. Proceeds from "The 80's Party" will benefit "High Risk Hope Inc" which is a organization that prolongs high risk pregnancies and improves outcomes for premature infants through High Risk OB and NICU support at the hospital.
"High Risk Hope is thrilled to be the beneficiary of 13 Ugly Men's 80s Party on August 19th at Pattini's. We have seen the wonderful work 13 Ugly Men has done in this community by supporting other charitable organizations, and we are honored to join that group." stated Founder and Executive Director Heather Barrow.
Be a part of the most radical 80's party and purchase your tickets now at www.13UglyMen.com for only $25 for Women and $30 for Men in advance, as ticket prices may increase towards the day of the event. There are also a select number of VIP Tables and party rooms available for purchase. 80's attire is encouraged and the event will feature what the "13 Ugly Men" have been known for since being founded in the mid 1990's…some of the most fashionable ladies and gentleman in the Bay Area joining a crowd that will feature several full liquor bars, plenty of photo opportunities and chance to "party with a purpose".
The "80's Party" event takes place on Saturday August 19th from 8pm- 2am at Pattini's South Tampa located at 4465 West Gandy Blvd. in South Tampa. Interested sponsors can contact info@13uglymen.com for more information.
NOTE: As we continue to grow and strive to help local charities in our community it is vital that we not only spread the word about the events and the cause it is benefiting, but we hope that you will take the time to get involved. Whether it's writing a column, posting about the event on social media or by getting involved through sponsorships and raffle prizes, we greatly appreciate anything you can do to help. To get the know the organization better, we encourage you to visit www.13UglyMen.com THE HISTORY OF THE "13 UGLY MEN" The "13 Ugly Men" first appeared in the Tampa area in the 1990's as a group of 13 Founding Members who hosted fantastic parties, and wanted to improve our community by giving back. By encouraging Tampa Bay to "Party With a Purpose", the reputation of the original 13 grew steadily, and by the late 90's, they were ready to take the next step. In December of 1998, The "13 Ugly Men" Foundation was incorporated in the State of Florida as a 501(c)3 not-for- profit organization. Over the subsequent years, the Foundation has raised well in excess of a half million dollars for deserving charities and causes around Tampa Bay. The Foundation is an ardent supporter of charities and organizations that benefit children's issues, women's issues, crisis intervention, law enforcement and our military men and women. Currently comprised of thirty-one (31) members, the Foundation is led by its Board of Directors, currently numbering six, including the President. The "13 Ugly Men" are proud to operate the Foundation with a 0% administrative over- head, which means that none of the proceeds from our events are used to pay for any operational expenses incurred by the Foundation in the normal course of business. Private donations, received annually from each member, ensure that 100% of the proceeds from our events reaches those in need. The "13 Ugly Men" have been honored with numerous awards throughout the years, including the Champions for Children Award (2009), presented by Voices for Children, the Business Partner of the Year Award (2012), presented by the Tampa Police Department, the Tampa Bay Lightning Community Hero Honor (2015) and most recently voted Tampa Bays Best Charity from Social Media Day (2017).


We have been forced to endure seemingly endless hurt within our life. This hurt appears to come from the aggression, cruelty and terror which has been inflicted upon us in the physical world. However, what if hurt is not derived from the physical? What if the foundation of our hurt could be experienced and resolved within ourself?
The very notion of hurting another to benefit ourself comes from the competitive instinct which was prevalent within our parent's generation. However this competitive instinct has flawed logic, because when we hurt another we do not help anyone or anything within our life. In fact, when we focus our energy on hurting another we have no energy left for improving our life at all. If we choose to focus our energy on hurting another we inevitably find ourself living a life that is void of happiness and filled with hurt.
When we are feeling love we cannot hurt. We cannot hurt because all of our energy is being utilised to connect. When all of our energy is focused on connecting, there is simply no energy left to hurt. When we have no energy left to hurt we begin to feel love within our life. When we feel love we naturally express this out into the physical world. It is through the open expression of love that we resolve hurt, both within ourself and another, and pave the way to connection and relationship mastery.
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Star Defender 4 for Mac OS X is a breathtaking space shooter with splendidly craft graphics and music for Mac OS X. Face tons of new enemies with a unique style of behavior and new ways of attacking. Use new Star Defender 4 for Mac OS X weapons: machine-gun, saw, flame thrower, acid bomb and cutter! Blast through more than 100 levels, 8 original missions and of course huge impressive Bosses in the end of every mission!
...... best features of Star Defender series. You'll be dazzled by splendidly craft graphics and music. Face tons of new enemies with a unique style of behavior and new ways of attacking in Star Defender 4.
Use new Star Defender 4 weapons: machine-gun, saw, flame thrower, acid bomb and cutter! And also the best weapons from the previous game: parasitron, lasers, infector, ball lightning, missiles, homing laser and barriers! Blast through more than 100 levels, 8 original missions and of course huge impressive Bosses in the end of every mission! You'll get the real pleasure playing Star Defender 4!
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We are proud to be a responsible rescue centre and take finding forever homes for our animals very seriously. Many Grande Daze rescue animals are re-learning how to trust humans after being mistreated or neglected and need owners who are ready for a lifelong commitment to their pet.
If you are looking to add a furry friend to your family we encourage you to contact us to arrange a visit where we can discuss your lifestyle, home environment and what kind of pet you are looking for. This information then means we can introduce you to some Grande Daze rescues who would suit you and your situation, or contact you when a suitable pet comes in. This step is very important and allows us to dramatically minimise rehomed animals being returned to Grande Daze, causing more trauma for the animal.
We aim to teach all our rescue dogs as much about life as we can before they find their forever home. Some dogs arriving here have had a terrible time with people and, of course, don't speak English. They don't know about life in a house; TV, vacuum cleaner, washing machine, people sitting at the table to eat, and lots more. We rehabilitate them as much as we can and offer follow up advice and support to help you continue their progress.
You can find our success stories on our Happy Homes page and read about other people's adoption experiences and why they couldn't imagine a life without their rescue pets.
Our aim is to provide animals with a safe, caring environment and to educate people in the welfare of the animals they own.
Any animal arriving at Grande Daze is immediately assessed by our vets in Andouille. Necessary treatment is given, the animal groomed by ourselves where appropriate and made comfortable in the housing within our premises.
We ensure that all of the animals that come into our care have the necessary inoculations, are neutered or spayed, and have an identity chip.
Training is given to all dogs to ensure that they are socialised, familiar with a domestic environment, and clean in the house. Cats are socialised and handled regularly to ensure that they will be happy companions.
Most of the animals who are rescued do not have pedigree documentation. Almost all of them are of mixed breed. We consider them all to be beautiful and worthy of our kindness.
No sick animal is ever considered for re-homing.
If an animal is deemed to be unsuitable for re-homing they become permanent residents at Grande Daze until they die naturally. Where necessary we give palliative care and take veterinary advice as to the end of life arrangements to ensure the kindest departure.
Our aim is to find compatible homes for the animals we have rescued. We give advice to new owners and offer a training programmed to get to know your pet within a social environment.
Prospective owners are required to pay a donation of at least €100. This fee covers the expenses we have incurred in the rescue and the keep for the animal until re-homing. In some cases the ongoing expense of food and care is a matter of only days, and for others it may be a few months, sometimes even years.
All donations are very gratefully received to meet the demands of the animals needing our care and shelter.
All of the donation goes towards the rescued short and long-term residents of Grande Daze to pay for vets bills, food, warmth, grooming materials and other items. The donations also contribute to the immediate needs of the new rescues that come to the Centre. We are frequently asked to travel to sites to pick up distressed and mistreated animals and this, in itself, has a cost which the Centre has to meet.
We welcome visitors. It may be that on your first meeting at Grande Daze we do not have a suitable pet for you. Our rescued animals have often come to us in tragic circumstances and it is important that we ensure a good match between people and animals. We like to suggest a visit and a chat about your needs in order to avoid mismatches that can be distressing for all concerned, particularly for the innocent animal. Often the animals we rescue need special care as their previous lives with humans have been traumatic. It should also be remembered that an animal requires a certain amount of expenditure throughout life and this aspect should be a consideration in your decision process.
Should you decide that keeping an animal is not the right thing for you we would still welcome you to the Centre. You don't have to be looking for a pet.


text:
Росковец () — невелике місто в Албанії. Місто розташоване між Фієром і Бератом. Центр округу Фієрі, населення — 4 975 жителів (перепис 2011).

Назва міста походить від болгарської мови. Більшість жителів міста працює у сільському господарстві, серед них є мусульмани і православні християни.

Примітки

Міста Албанії
Фієрі (область)


text:
Business advice from is4profit | Employers Get Help Preventing Staff Stress |
Employers Get Help Preventing Staff Stress
The is4profit team	September 24, 2010
Businesses can get advice on managing staff stress and avoiding the legal pitfalls associated with the problem, following the publication of a free guide by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD).
The guide, Work-related stress: What the law says (PDF) explains employers' legal responsibilities on identifying and preventing stress at work, and highlights recent cases where businesses have been forced to make compensation payouts for failing to deal with the problem at work.
"It's in employers' interests to manage stress at work proactively and not just assume all staff are coping, particularly in a tough economic environment where many employees are under pressure to do more with less"
said national director for health and work, Dame Carol Black.
CIPD senior public policy adviser, Ben Wilmott, added that stress at work can have a significant impact on business performance.
"Employers that fail to manage stress effectively risk losing key staff through high absence levels and employee turnover. They will also suffer from low staff morale and risk higher levels of conflict and accidents in the workplace. In addition, they potentially face costly personal injury claims, as well as damage to their employer brand."
For further information read our business advice article on Stress Management.