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Warschawski Retained by CustomInk
BALTIMORE – May 8, 2012 – Warschawski, a full service branding, marketing, public relations, advertising and interactive agency, announced today that it has been retained by design online t-shirt company, CustomInk (www.customink.com). Warschawski is responsible for handling marketing communications initiatives for CustomInk on a national level, including strategic planning, marketing, media relations, interactive and community relations. Terms of the agreement were not disclosed.
Based in Tysons Corner, VA., CustomInk helps customers easily create custom t-shirts online for their groups and occasions – from family reunions and sports teams to charity events and businesses. Since its launch in 2000, CustomInk has created more than 30 million shirts and continues to lead the way with its exclusive fonts and artwork collection, large team of professional artists, and award-winning customer service.
Warschawski previously worked with CustomInk on a project-basis to execute a brand-centric communications campaign among a K-12 audience during the back-to-school season.
"We are thrilled to grow our relationship with CustomInk. The success we had with the first campaign laid a great foundation for the brand. We're looking forward to continuing that success and building CustomInk's profile on a national scale," commented David Warschawski, CEO of Warschawski. "We're excited to create and execute integrated marketing communications programs throughout the year that will help CustomInk achieve its business goals."
Warschawski is dedicated to providing clients with the highest quality of branding, marketing, PR, advertising, interactive and creative design services. Warschawski has won the top recognition of being named "U.S. Small Agency of the Year" for four of the past six years. For ten consecutive years, it also has been ranked as one of the top 30 "Best Agencies to Work For" in the U.S. In 2010, Warschawski was named "U.S. Small Agency of the Year" and the "Best Small Agency to Work For" in the U.S. The company, whose clients include Fortune 500 and Inc. 500 companies, has won more than 200 awards for its marketing communications work over the last 15 years. Warschawski was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Baltimore, MD.


The fifth custom card creator contest focused around exploring the world of Faeria.
Why hello there. I'm pretty excited to announce the fifth custom card creator contest! We're going to have a lot of fun. I have an intriguing and special rule this time around, and I believe you will greatly enjoy it. So without further ado, lets start this thing off!
We have an awesome rule this contest, so pay close attention! Its a little complex, but I'm sure you'll get the hang of it.
Here's a map of the known Faeria world (I've heard there is still much to explore). Select one of the cities on the map. Make a card centered around the city you chose!
For example, I chose the city Aernost, what I imagine to be a shipping port for the castle and all of Meroval. This means there are many bandits, thieves, evildoers lurking, and sharks circling, all wanting a little bit of the goodies.
Of course you don't have to do just one card. You can do a set! Please specify the city you chose and why you chose it at the bottom of the form.
All you have to do is make a card from the website below that best follows the three contest rules. That's it!
Be like goldilocks - Not too weak, not too strong, but just right. Will be judged out of 10 points.
You know what happens when you pop a bubble full of ideas? Creativity juice breaks free. Pop your idea bubble and get those trapped creative juices flowing. Will be judged out of 30 points.
Use the special rule in the most ceative way possible. This is the most important part of your card and will be judged out of 40 points.
Submit your cards here. Beware, I am not an easy judge!
The three best cards will be awarded with ingame rewards! Isn't that fascinating?
Thank you for providing us with prizes Atmaz and the Abrakam team!


From 18th to 20th June 2016 we'll be at White Fashion – Fashion Fair taking place in Milan, Via Tortona 27, to display the first collection fully conveying the Ziza brand concept.
Let's meet at Stand Nr. 1.40.


Sending out publications to give people the confidence, tools and motivation to reach across cultural and religious divides.
10 Community Dialogue Manuals empower people to bring communities together. 'Dialogue in Islam' explains the Islamic basis for dialogue, undermining extremist narratives.
Sending Dialogue Society publications to a meticulously prepared target list helps to inspire and empower positive engagement.
The ten manuals provide tangible ideas, know-how and resources to support people to reach out to one another and strengthen their communities.
In Dialogue in Islam, Ahmet Kurucan and Mustafa K Erol give a readable introduction to the relationship between Islam and dialogue, empowering Muslims to counter extremist interpretations and to engage with confidence.
» All of the above!
The project will contribute to improved intercultural understanding in many diverse areas of the UK by empowering proactive engagement in community-building dialogue.
It will also play a part in definitively undermining damaging extremist interpretations of the Islamic sources and in helping young UK Muslims to develop strong, authentic senses of identity.
Recipients of manuals may have questions or need additional support to have the confidence to undertake projects. Covering letters with the manuals provide contact details for free consultancy.
There is a risk of sending publications to organisations who will not be inclined to use them. We initially send just one or two carefully chosen publications per organisation, explaining that we can send others if requested.
We will compile feedback and testimonials from recipients of publications and send reports to donors by email.
Publications will be sent throughout the UK to handpicked community centres, mosques, university Islamic societies, and educational institutions.
While the manuals should be of use to diverse community groups, and 'Dialogue in Islam' is accessible to non-Muslims, we are especially looking to support and empower Muslim communities with this particular project. A lot of the publications will go to towns and cities with significant Muslim populations.
The Dialogue Society is a Muslim-led organisation which draws inspiration from Islam in its mission to build cohesion and strong intercultural relations. It can thus publish and distribute materials exploring the relationship between Islam and dialogue with credibility and authenticity.
Its Community Dialogue Manuals are based on extensive staff experience of grassroots dialogue initiatives. Staff have the experience to provide consultancy to recipients who need further support.
She leads on the distribution of the publications. She has long experience of grassroots dialogue and of staff and volunteer management.
She assists in compiling and prioritising distribution lists and in supporting volunteers assisting with research and packaging.
'Dialogue in Islam'... is a tremendous piece of work. Thank you for promoting this key area of work within the Muslim community.


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Alec Baldwin Offers Story Of How He First Met Hilaria Thomas
By Mack Rawden
published 1 July 2012
Alec Baldwin might be full of great quips when he plays Jack Donaghy on 30 Rock, but in real life, he's not always quite that smooth. Just a day after wedding Hilaria Thomas, a beautiful, twenty-eight-year-old yoga instructor, the actor reminisced about the first time he met her and his lack of an exciting pick-up line. She was apparently standing with some friends at Pure Food and Wine when he noticed her and decided he needed to approach. Without any idea of what to say, he simply walked up and blurted, "I must know you." After some light chit-chat, he handed her his business card and went on his way.
She called a few days later, a first date was arranged and within weeks, they were seeing where it might lead. Luckily for both, the chemistry was there and remained there when they exchanged I-Do's this weekend. The whole backstory was laid out this morning in the New York Times wedding announcement, and apart from two brief references to Baldwin's failed marriage to Kim Basinger, the feature focused entirely on the positives and offered fans a few random facts about the newly married couple. Here's my favorite: she's never owned a television.
Raised partially in Boston and partially in Spain, the new Mrs. Baldwin apparently isn't overly excited about keeping up with the popular culture, though it's unclear whether that might change given she just married a network television star.
Pop Blend's congratulations go out to Baldwin and Thomas.
Mack Rawden
Enthusiastic about Clue, case-of-the-week mysteries, the NBA and cookies at Disney World. Less enthusiastic about the pricing structure of cable, loud noises and Tuesdays.
He-Man Voice Actor Yuri Lowenthal Shares What He Hopes To See From Netflix's Live-Action Masters Of The Universe Reboot
How Hard Is It To Be The Bachelor? Zach Shallcross Reveals How He Felt After Filming That All-Nighter
That Time Gerard Butler Sent Hilary Swank To The Hospital Filming P.S. I Love You: 'I Almost Killed Her'
S.W.A.T.'s Shemar Moore Shares Sweet Message After Becoming A Dad At 52 Years Old
What's Really Going On With All The GMA Fill-Ins While T.J. Holmes And Amy Robach Suspended

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Today is the unofficial start to the Countrywood Garage Sale, which officially begins tomorrow. Hundreds and hundreds of homes in the Cordova subdivisions of Countrywood, Berryhill and Riverwood will be having sales this weekend, including your friendly neighborhood bookguy. Nobody really knows the numbers of homes, but it could top 1,000. Tens of thousands of shoppers show up from all parts of the country. I know the local hotels are full, the streets will be clogged. If I get a chance I'll post pictures this weekend or early next week.
I've already made my first buys of the weekend, even though I'm technically selling this year and not buying. Picked up some terrific rock 'n' roll biographies, look for them soon at http://www.bonanzle.com/booths/billthebookguy.
Ah'm danged proud to have ya!


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Hickson Compact Group 44
NGC 3190 or ARP 316b, NGC 3193, NGC3185, NGC 3187 or ARP 316a
Distance: 100 Million Light Years
In 1982 the Canadian Astronomer, Paul Hickson, using the red prints from the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, published a catalog of 462 galaxies thought to exist within compact groupings. These groupings are now referred to as "Hickson Compact Groups" (HCG). Compact groups are typically four or five galaxies in close physical proximity to one another. They are among the densest concentrations of galaxies known, comparable to the centers of rich galaxy clusters. Compact groups are worthy of intense study as they provide a rich opportunity to study galaxy interactions and merger events. Proof of proximity is difficult and relies on a variety of observational evidence including common redshifts, space distribution, photometry, and other parameters together known as Hickson's isolation criteria.
The true nature of compact groups has been the subject of much controversy. Interpretations have run the gamut from the belief that all represent true physical associations to the belief that they are mere chance alignments. More than likely most are true physically related dynamically bound systems although some are certainly projection artifacts. A recent analysis has shown beyond question that almost half of all HCG galaxies show features indicative of interactions or mergers. This figure is bound to rise with more detailed studies.
Current theory is that compact groups represent physically related galaxies that are in the process of merging into a single object, most likely an elliptical galaxy. Compact groups are relatively short lived entities that form via mergers of galaxies within loose subsystems and groupings. Simulations predict that merging of the group members should proceed rapidly within one billion years to form an elliptical galaxy. Hickson groups are therefore snapshots at various stages in this merging process. The more evolved groups are smaller and more deficient in neutral hydrogen while the least evolved resemble galaxies in looser groups. Observational evidence shows that interaction is occurring in a large fraction of galaxies in HCG supporting this model for the origin and evolution of HCG. The cosmological implications of compact groups are significant. Astronomers believe they may represent an intermediate stage between loose groups and individual galaxies. A better understanding of the nature of HCG could help explain galaxy formation on a larger scale in the early universe.
The four dominant members of Hickson Compact Group 44 consists of three spirals and an elliptical galaxy, NGC 3190, 3193, 3185, 3187. Two dwarf galaxies are also part of the group but are not included in the Hickson catalog. Signs of tidal encounters between members of HCG 44 are present. NGC 3190, the dominant edge-on spiral shows considerable warping of its dustlane on the side nearer to NGC 3187. NGC 3187, also known as ARP 316a shows numerous tidal tails well above and below its disk plane.


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Q: Expected Value of a Sum Let $f(x) = |x-1|, 0 \leq x \leq 2$ be the probability density function of a random variable $X$.  Find $E(X^2+X)$.
The book gives a different answer from what I got, and I have no idea why.
$E(X) = \int_{0}^2x|x-1|dx = \int_0^1 x(1-x)dx + \int_1^2 x(x-1)dx = 1$, and similarly $E(X^2)= \int_0^2x^2|x-1|dx = \int_0^1x^2(1-x)dx + \int_1^2x^2(x-1)dx = 3/2$.
So, $E(X^2+X) = E(X^2) + E(X) = 3/2 + 1 = 5/2$ is what I got, but the answer in the book is given as $13/6$.  What am I doing wrong here?

A: $E[X+X^2] = E[(X+{1\over 2})^2-{1\over 4}] = E[(X+{1\over 2})^2] - E[{1\over 4}]$.
$E[(X+{1\over 2})^2] = \int_0^2 (x+{1\over 2})^2 |x-1| dx  = {11\over 4}$, $E[{1\over 4}] = {1\over 4}$.
Hence $E[X+X^2] = {5 \over 2}$.

A: Firstly, $E(X) = (1/2-1/3)+(8/3-1/3)+(1/2-2) = 1/6 + 14/6 - 9/6 = 1$. So this is right.
Now, $E(X^2) = (1/3-1/4)+(4-1/4)+(1/3-8/3) \\ = 1/12 + 45/12 -28/12 = 18/12 = 3/2.$
So this is also right...
We should check that the probability density function is normalised.
So, $\int_{0}^{2} |x-1| dx = 2\cdot \int_{0}^{1} (1-x)\;  dx = 2\cdot(1(1-0) - 1/2(1-0))= 1$.
So you should get $\frac{5}{2}$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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You searched for: Subject Headings College Teachers Remove constraint Subject Headings: College Teachers Subject Headings Portrait Photography Remove constraint Subject Headings: Portrait Photography Topic Education Remove constraint Topic: Education Type Still Image Remove constraint Type: Still Image
Sort by Date: Newest First
1. Portrait of President Charles H. Cooper Mankato State Teacher's College, Mankato, Minnesota
Studio portrait of President Charles H. Cooper at Mankato State Normal School.
University Archives and Southern Minnesota Historical Center, Memorial Library, Minnesota State University, Mankato
2. Portrait of Mary "Mayme" Harrington Schwarz, Mankato, Minnesota
Studio portrait of Mary "Mayme" Harrington Schwarz, Teacher J Manual Training at the Mankato Normal School from 1902 to 1913.
3. Portrait of Miss Ella Louise Fink, Mankato, Minnesota
Studio portrait of Miss Ella Louise Fink. Ms. Fink served as a vocal music teacher at the Mankato State Normal School from 1906-1911.
4. Portrait of Minnie S. Parry, Mankato, Minnesota
Mrs. Minnie S. Parry was the Mankato State Normal School Intermediate Department Head from 1890-1893 and 1897-1932.
5. Portrait of Ella Louise Fink, Mankato, Minnesota
Ella Fink was the head of the Mankato State Normal School Music department from 1906-1911.
6. Portrait of Charlotte S. Huff, Mankato, Minnesota
Povley?
Charlotte Huff was a Mankato State Normal School Music instructor from 1902-1906.
7. Faculty members at Mankato State Normal School, Mankato, Minnesota
Smith, A. J.
From the "Class of 1907" booklet. Below each photo is the name of the individual.
8. Faculty and students of Beemans Actual Business College, Red Wing, Minnesota
Faculty and students of Beemans Actual Business College taken at the administration building which was built in the 1890s.
Goodhue County Historical Society
9. Portrait of Margaret T. Barr, Mankato, Minnesota
Floyd, George W.
Margaret T. Barr was the Mankato State Normal School Kindergarten Supervisor from 1894-1898.
10. Portrait of Minnie S. Parry, Mankato, Minnesota
Snow, John R.
11. Faculty of 1890-1891 at Mankato State Normal School, Mankato, Minnesota
Keene, George Eldon
Portrait collage of faculty from 1890-1891.
12. Faculty and Class of 1890 Mankato State Normal School, Mankato, Minnesota
Composite portrait of faculty and graduates, with names printed under each portrait.
Cabinet photographs
13. Portrait of President Edward Searing at Mankato State Normal School, Mankato, Minnesota
Portrait of first President for Mankato State Normal School. Searing (1835-1898) served from 1880-1898. Three individuals served as head of the Mankato Normal School prior to Searing. They served as Principal. Searing was the first to serve as President.
14. Portrait of James T. McCleary, Mankato, Minnesota
Steckel
Studio portrait of James T. McCleary was the Mankato State Normal School Institute Conductor from 1881-1892.
15. Portrait of Defransa Hall Swann, Mankato, Minnesota
Everitt, Elias F.
Defransa Hall Swann was a Mankato State Normal School Geography instructor from 1873-1913.
Portrait of first President for Mankato State Normal School. Edward Searing (1835-1898) served from 1880-1898. Three individuals served as Principal of the Mankato Normal School prior to Searing. Searing was the first to serve as President.
17. Portrait of Adolf F. Bechdolt, Mankato, Minnesota
Adolf F. Bechdolt was a professor of science at Mankato State Normal School.
18. Portrait of Phebe M. Haynes, Mankato, Minnesota
Phebe M. Haynes was a Mankato State Normal School Music instructor from 1877-1879.
19. Portrait of Mary Shencer, Mankato, Minnesota
Studio portrait of Mary Shencer.
20. Portrait of Helen M. Phillips, Mankato, Minnesota
Helen M. Phillips was a Mankato State Normal School Mathematics instructor from 1873-1904.
22. Portrait of Principal Julia Ann Sears, Mankato, Minnesota
Studio portrait of Julia Ann Sears (1839-1929). Sears was the second principal for Mankato State Normal School and served from 1872-1873.
Education[remove]
Date Created range begin – Date Created range end
City of Red Wing
College Teachers[remove]
Portrait Photography[remove]
Minnesota State University, Mankato
No Copyright - United States


Fermented foods have many health benefits, but they are not simply a health food. We believe fermentation represents a perfect balance of human knowledge, healthy, local produce and meats, and the microorganisms and climate of a place. The workings of the microorganisms provide both health and security. Fermented foods are particularly suited and inevitably tied to a place—the natural food products, the climate, the microorganisms, and the human wisdom and ingenuity of that place.
Kumiko and I studied traditional fermenting methods in Japan, and also observed fermenting techniques of Korea and China as well. After twelve years in Japan, I can say that whatever small understanding I may have of that culture is thanks to my encounter with fermented foods.
Fermented food is participatory food, the base of family and community food customs and history. The sauerkraut or kimchi or bean paste that you create together with your family, your friends, your church, your neighborhood, becomes part of that community, part of your shared history and future. Fermented foods tell the story of people firmly rooted in and committed to a place.
We would like to host a hands-on seminar in making all kinds of fermented foods, including sauerkraut, Korean kimchi, wheat and rice bran fermentations, koji fermentations such as miso bean paste, and soybeans fermentations including natto and tempeh. We envision a class where participants can join with us in creating many kinds of fermented foods, but more than that, to come away with the knowledge and tools to continue on their own. The class will also include many materials on the history, culture, health benefits of and many recipes for the foods we create.
Participants will leave the class with fermented foods that they have made, as well as the knowledge and experience to continue making them on their own. We hope the course will give birth to many family and community fermentation traditions here in the Ozarks!
If you are interested, please let us know. The seminar will meet 3~4 times (or more, depending on participant interest). We are thinking of having the classes here on our farm (in Seymour), or, more conveniently, in Springfield if a space is available. As for time, how about a weekday evening or Saturday anytime?


The grandson of Jacob "Dutch" Waltz (Glenn Ford), the man who discovered the famed -- and cursed -- "Lost Dutchman" mine, sets out to relocate the repository of a reputed $20 million in gold. The story travels back in time and follows Dutch during his initial exploration when he hooks up with a seductress (Ida Lupino) who may just be after the man's gold. Watch out for that pesky curse! Costars Gig Young. S. Sylvan Simon directs.


Campbell, J.A.L., Carty, R.H., and Foster, H.. Scale-up of mild gasification to a process development unit. Quarterly report, August--November 1993. United States: N. p., 1994. Web. doi:10.2172/10165445.
Campbell, J.A.L., Carty, R.H., & Foster, H.. Scale-up of mild gasification to a process development unit. Quarterly report, August--November 1993. United States. doi:10.2172/10165445.
Campbell, J.A.L., Carty, R.H., and Foster, H.. Tue . "Scale-up of mild gasification to a process development unit. Quarterly report, August--November 1993". United States. doi:10.2172/10165445. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/10165445.
Technical Report Doane, E.P. ; Carty, R.H. ; Foster, H.


The in-line filter segments transportation system of Solaris allows a stable combining routine.
The Solaris technology can be used for conventional products, as well for unique and innovative products, like heat-not-burn products. Depending on customer's and product's needs, Solaris comes in different configurations, like Solaris Dual, Solaris Triple and Solaris Quadruple. All configurations are designed to combine semi-finished filters into finished filter products.
Each module is individually controlled by its own servo drive, enabling to completely configure the segment order of the transport chain. This provides optimal flexibility and allows instant changes. The modules can easily be connected in a different sequence when required. Once connected to the main combining unit, each module is instantly ready for production.
Solaris can easily be extended with new functionalities for introducing new, unique products into regular production. Each module is completely self-sufficient in terms of control, equipment and production capabilities. This provides the possibility of creating many dual, triple and quadruple segment specifications on a single machine.
The design of each Solaris module is based on a plug-and-play-philosophy, which ensures fast and easy conversions. This means that exchange can be completed in a fast way. Changing some of the segments, patterns or sequences, can be done from the operator screen without requiring mechanical changes.
The machine's modular construction and fast brand changeover capabilities facilitate not only mass production but also product development.
ITM has developed a range of extensions for Solaris, for example for combining filters with non cuttable objects (NCO) or filling cavities with granules, powders or objects.


text:
Best Personal Injury Lawyer Near Me
Many personal injury attorneys will only take cases with a significant amount of damages. Prior to choosing a personal injury attorney, it's important . Use our directory to quickly find local attorneys and law firm ratings in your area. In order for your claim to succeed it will be necessary for a personal injury attorney prove all 4 elements with solid evidence that the defendant is, in fact, . View our listings and contact our attorneys today!
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Source: www.tomnelsonforwi.com
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This lathe is a 3 phase unit so a suitable inverter will be needed. Transwave have been recommended as makers of good quality converters. They make rotary and static converters. The rotary unit costs £610 + VAT. The static unit costs £396 + VAT. I have priced for the rotary unit, apparently they are more versatile. This lathe is a 3 phase unit so a suitable inverter will be needed. Transwave have been recommended as makers of good quality converters. They make rotary and static converters. The rotary unit costs £610 + VAT. The static unit costs £396 + VAT. I have priced for the rotary unit, apparently they are more versatile.


I missed my bloggy birthday!
I don't know how but somehow I missed the fact that I turned 1 on the 2nd of February.
During this past year, I have had 310 posts, gee I am chatty. 😉 1, 100 comments – thanks for sharing your thoughts!!
Being the impulsive person that I am, a friend and I were chatting about starting a blog and I sat down and started this with not a lot of thought about what I would share and definitely not some strategy to gain readers. Ha, stats – what are those??
A year later, I am amazed at how many paths I have crossed and the wonderful people that I have met along my journey. It has been so exciting and I look forward to more excitement.
I am thinking of having a giveaway…just have to think of what I am going to give away….stay tuned!
I would love to share my recipe for Zucchini Bread. It is easy to make and stays well, freezes well and my kids love it.
1. In a large bowl, whisk together salt, baking soda, baking powder, flour and cinnamon, and set aside.
3. Gradually add flour mixture to egg mixture, batter will be thick.
4. Add grated zucchini and mix until just blended.
5. Split mixture between pans and bake for about 1 hour or until tester comes out clean.
It is delicious as breakfast, afternoon snack, small bite before bed…enjoy!!!
Another favorite is Summer Chicken & Ziti Salad. This is super easy and perfect for gatherings as it can be served room temperature.
Ingredients (adjust for your size gathering, this will feed 6-8).
1. Grill chicken breasts in a grill pan, on the bar-b-que or in your George Foreman.
2. Remove chicken and place in a dish, sprinkle chicken with lemon juice and allow chicken to cool.
3. Boil water and cook ziti, drain but do not rinse the pasta!
4. In a large bowl, combine ziti, peppers, celery, onion and dill.
5. Remove chicken from lemon juice mixture and cut into bite-sized pieces, add to the pasta. Keep the lemon juice mixture.
6. Add to the lemon juice mixture, the vinegar, mayonnaise, mustard and salt and peper.
8. Toss pasta with dressing, re-salt/pepper if necessary.


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Home » Harbin Attractions » Harbin Jewish Cemetery
The Harbin Jewish Cemetery is the witness of friendship between the Chinese and Jews. As a must-see for the Jews who visit Harbin, the cemetery is the biggest and best-protected Jewish cemetery of its kind in the Far East. The cemetery was initially established at No. 54, Dongda Zhi Street in 1903. During the 1920's it was extended and relocated to Tai'an Street. With its 2,420 quare meters it was the largest among alien residents' cemeteries at that time in Harbin. In 1958, the Harbin government decided to move the Jewish Cemetery to the Huang Shan (Royal Hill) Public Cemetery located at the outskirts of Harbin′s municipal boundaries. From approximate 3,000 graves of which 1,200 with tombstones, 853 were selected and transferred to an area of 6,532 square meters in an eastern suburb about 10 km from the center of Harbin.
During the Cultural Revolution, maintenance of the cemetery ceased: Slabs subsided, tombstones inclined, cracked or damaged, and some of the tombstones disappeared. The Jewish community stopped functioning on December 31, 1963, and until that date 23 graves were added to the new location, bringing a total of 876 graves to the site. In 1992, after the establishment of diplomatic relations between Israel and China, maintenance on the Jewish Cemetery on the Huang Shan Public Cemetery was restarted, and 450 gravestones could be identified today. Not only sunken slabs and destructed tombstones at the Jewish Cemetery were repaired, the whole area was maintained and a European styled wall, gate and gallery were constructed.
The Jewish cemetery on the Huang Shan Public Cemetery adjoins in the north to the Chinese Cemetery, and in the west to the Russian Cemetery. An alley beginning at the entrance area of the Jewish cemetery leads to the north. One small lane, branching off from the alley, leads to the eastern and western parts. Besides these two are no other lanes on the cemetery. The area of the Jewish cemetery is divided in three areas comprise graves and tombstones: In a north, northeast and western area.
In the center of the entrance area of the Jewish cemetery stands a monument designed as a Magen David, which was erected in 2006. In the east of this area was built a Tahara-house (according to the Jewish ritual washing procedure of the deceased) by the Chinese in 2004. The whole process of maintenance and enhancement was promoted by a biographical coincidence: Israel′s Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's grandfather J.J. Olmert lived, died, and is buried in Harbin. For this reason the Chinese municipality erected a memorial stone opposite the Tahara-house in honor of the living Israel′s Prime Minister Ehud Olmert.


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Home > Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler Omits 'So Help Me God' From Oath as He Swears in Witnesses
Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler Omits 'So Help Me God' From Oath as He Swears in Witnesses
House Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler (D.-N.Y.) administers the oath to witnesses before the committee, Feb. 6, 2019. (Screen Capture)
(CNSNews.com) – The House Judiciary Committee convened a hearing on "gun violence prevention" Wednesday morning, but the proceedings hit a snag when Chairman Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.) omitted the phrase "So help me God" as he swore in the witnesses.
Rep. Mike Johnson (R.-La.) made a parliamentary inquiry as soon as the witnesses sat down, and Nadler agreed to repeat the oath--including the phrase "So help me God" in the second version he administered
"We welcome all of our distinguished witnesses and thank them for participating in today's hearing," Nadler said. "Please rise, and I will begin by swearing you in."
"Raise your right hands," Nadler told the witnesses. "Do you swear or affirm under penalty of perjury that the testimony you're about to give is true and correct to the best of your knowledge, information and belief?
"Thank you. Let the record show the witnesses answered in the affirmative," Nadler continued.
"Mr. Chairman, Mr. Chairman," interrupted Rep. Mike Johnson. "Point of parliamentary inquiry."
Nadler, unsure of who raised the point of inquiry, asked, "Who's that?"
Johnson, sitting at the far end of the dais, said: "We had a conversation on the floor last week, and I just noted you left out 'So help me God.'"
"Sorry," Nadler said. "Do you want me to repeat the whole – I will repeat--"
"I would love that. Thank you," Johnson said.
"Please stand up again," Nadler told the witnesses, as he repeated the oath, ending with, "So help you God."
Last week, as Johnson reminded Nadler, Democrats on the House Natural Resources Committee proposed a draft rule omitting "So help me God" from the oath given to witnesses. Press reports said Democrats planned to replace the phrase with "under penalty of law."
Republicans objected, and even some Democrats – including committee member Rep. Debbie Dingell (D-Mich.) -- voted to keep the phrase in the oath.
"I'm a Catholic girl," Dingell told Fox News at the time, "but I think people are trying to cause some trouble here to divert instead of focusing on what we're going to do about health care and pre-existing conditions."
Source URL: https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/susan-jones/republican-chides-democrat-judiciary-chairman-you-omitted-so-help-me-god


Clarence Darrow "for the Defence"
This week we will examine a second major episode in the evolution/creation controversy in the United States: the trial of John Thomas Scopes, a Tennessee school teacher, charged with having taught evolution in a public school. In February 1925, the state of Tennessee, under the sponsorship of John Butler, passed legislation which declared it unlawful for any teacher in a public school "to teach any theory that denies the story of the divine creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals." (Butler Act).
This was the first of such acts to be passed in southern legislatures and attracted some attention from concerned groups such as the American Civil Liberties Associations (ACLU), who supported the case of John Scopes, a science high school teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, who decided to test the constitutionality of the act. He purchased a copy of a state approved textbook which contained references to evolution, and publicly announced that he had taught a lesson the subject on April 24th. As a result, he was indicted for violation of the Butler act. Note: It was because he publicly announced that he had taught evolution that Scopes was arrested; he intended for this to happen so as to test the law in court.
The ensuing trial is considered one of the most spectacular in American trial history-- at least though covered by radio and teletype before the TV era of direct transmission. The town of Dayton received unprecedented coverage as newspapers and radio dispatched journalists to what became popularly known as the "Monkey Trial". This misconception is a minor one, though fairly common. The common view is often to assume that evolutionists claim that humans are descended from the monkeys. This is wrong in theory, since humans, monkeys (and the other great apes) are co-descended from a common ancestor, not descended one (humans) from the others (monkeys). Nonetheless, the popular nomenclature for the trial has stuck over time.
Both prosecution and defense marshalled prominent attorneys. On the prosecution side beside A. T. Stewart, the Attorney General of Tenenssee was William Jennings Bryan (1860-1925), whose last public action was his participation in the Scopes Trial. Bryan was known nationally as "The Great Commoner", and had unsuccessfully run on populist tickets for the US presidency three times -- in 1896 (when he was the official Democratic nominee, losing to William MckInley 271-176 electoral votes), 1900 (again losing to McKinley), and 1908 (losing to William Howard Taft). The reforms he supported included the election of US senators by popular vote (not by electoral colleges), women suffrage, protection of labor, and prohibition of liquor.
In 1913, Bryan was appointed Secretary of State in the Woodrow Wilson cabinet, and Bryan became active in world politics, proposing, just before World War I, the principle that arbitration before an international commission be used to prevent war. Some 31 countries agreed to this principle, but the matter was made moot by the outbreak of war in 1914.
Bryan was therefore no stereotypical stick figure of an anti-evolutionist, but rather a prominent and progressive politician who opposed evolution for reasons far different than those maintained by anti-evolutionists today. Dismayed by the outbreak of war, and Wilson's growing willingness to participate in it, Bryan resigned as Secretary of State in 1915. He came to view the disaster of war as the outcome of the evolutionary dictum of "survival of the fittest", whereby nations would test each other's fitness by canon and bomb. This dislike for evolution was abbetted by Bryan's literalism with respect to the Bible (what is today termed "fundamentalism").
Just as Bryan saw the source of international misery as war, Bryan saw the cause of domestic misery as "demon rum", and was a prominent proponent of Prohibition. Once the United States adopted Prohibition in 1919 (it was repealed in 1933), Bryan shifted his focus to that other evil he identified as the source of human suffering: evolution.
Bryan's motivation for participating in the trial were therefore complex, and the background he brought was not a right wing fundamentalism, but a curious combination of populism and progressivism which made him an implacable opponent of both alcohol and evolution.
Clarence Darrow (1857-1938) was also a midwesterner, like Bryan. In his long career as a criminal defense lawyer, he defended the anarchists charged with throwing a bomb and murdering bystanders in the Haymarket Riot of 1886 that led to the creation of May 1st as "International Workers Day" by the labor movement (now supplanted in the US by Labor Day in September). Darrow also defended Eugene V. Debs, socialist candidate for president on numerous occqasions duirng the Pullman rail strike of 1894, and William "Big Bill" Haywood, a mine union leader who was accused of assassinating the former governor of Idaho.
Not all of Darrow's cases were labor-related, but he certainly was associated in the popular mind with "left-wing" causes. Immediately before the Scopes trial, Darrow was the chief defense counsel for Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, two wealthy young men charged with the killing of a 14 year old, "just for the thrill of it". He succeeded in saving the accused from the death penalty by arguing that their behavior was motivated by mental defect. Just after the Scopes trial, Darrow was defence counsel for a black family which was charged with resisting against a white mob which tried to drive them from their residence in a white Detroit neighborhood.
The Scopes Trial lasted from July 10 and lasted until July 21 of 1925. The jury of local men consisted of ten farmers, a land owner and shipping clerk. Of the 12, six were Baptists, four Methodists, one a member of the Disciples of Church, and one was not a member of any church. On the first day of the trial, the defence attempted to have the charge dismissed on the grounds that the Butler Act violated the due process clause of the 14th Amendment to the US Constitution, in that it was too vague to allow a potential violator to be able to judge whether he was in conformity to the act or not. This was rejected by the presiding judge, J. T. Raulston of the 18th Judicial Criminal Court.
The defence then attempted to ridicule the law, comparing the anti-evolution provision it contained to the Galileo case, where Galileo (in 1633) had been condemned for teaching "any theory which Denies the Bible story that the earth is the center of the universe and to teach instead that the earth and planets move about the sun." Despite the nice analogy (recall the Butler Act formulation, forbidding anyone to "to teach any theory that denies the story of the divine creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals."), the Judge was not moved by arguments from the history of science, and the trial proceded.
The trial was marked by the fact that Scopes had previously admitted that he had taught evolution (although it was never proved that he explicitly denied the "story of divine creation of man as taught in the Bible", as also required by the Butler law to prove guilt). As a result, the judge in the end ruled that the case was a technical one: whether or not Scopes had taught evolution would suffice to determine his guilt or innocence. The judge then refused to hear the scientific witnesses for the defence, declaring that the question was not whether evolution was true, but whether Scopes, in violation of the Butler Act, had taught that it was true -- which Scopes, of course, had already admitted. In the end, only one scientific witness was heard, without the jury present, though the testimony of the others was read into the court record in order to record their presence at the trial.
Although the problem of the validity of evolution was irrelevant to the trial, the attitudes and motivations of those in contention -- and especially Bryan and Darrow -- are of interest to us. Two documents are especially relevant, and are reproduced in linked texts. The first is the highly unusual examination of the chief prosecution lawyer by the chief defense lawyer. On the 7th day of the trial, with the proceedings being held on the lawn in front of the courthouse because of heat inside and the need for more room for spectators, Clarence Darrow called to the stand, as a defence witness(!!) the prosecuting attorney, William Jennings Bryan.
The examination of Bryan by Jennings is a classic of court room drama and antagonism between two individuals of different views and ideologies. Darrow begins by questioning Darrow as to his view of the literal truth of the Bible, and then continues to examine a wide range of Bible stories: Jonah swallowed by a whale, Joshua and the sun standing still, Noah and the Flood, The Tower of Babel, Eve as the first woman, Cain's wife, The Days of Creation, Eve and the temptation of the apple. (Titles in the text have been added for ease of reading.) In passing they also debate such general questions as The antiquity of man, The age of the earth, religions other than Christianity, and non-Christian peoples of the world. This verbatim testimony is a fascinating example of an encounter between a literalist and a critic.
The second reading from the trial is the concluding remarks by Bryan which he never in fact delivered at the trial. Because the judge ruled that the trial was based on a technical question: whether or not Scopes had in fact taught evolution, and not the more basic question as to whether or not the Butler Act was constitutional, the case went to the jury without final summations by defence or prosecution. Five days after the trial ended -- with Scopes, not unexepectedly, found guilty -- Bryan died of a heart attack, while still at Dayton, Tennessee. Two days later, on July 28th, Bryan's wife released the text of what would have been his concluding remarks.
(1) Our first indictment against evolution is that it disputes the truth of the Bible account of man's creation and shakes faith in the Bible as the word of God.
(2) Our second indictment is that the evolutionary hypothesis carried to its logical conclusion disputes every vital truth of the Bible.
(3) "Our third indictment against evolution is that it diverts attention from pressing problems of great importance to trifling speculations.
(4) Our fourth indictment against the evolutionary hypothesis is that, by paralyzing the hope of reform, it discourages those who labor for the improvement of man's condition.
(5) Our fifth indictment of the evolutionary hypothesis is that if taken seriously and made the basis of a philosophy of life, it would eliminate love and carry man back to a struggle of tooth and claw.
As can be readily noted, objections (1)-(2) have to do with religious concerns, and (3)-(5) with social reform. Bryan considers each point at length in his summary.
As for Scopes, immediately after being found guilty and fined the minimum provided by the statute --$100-- he stated: "Your honor, I feel that I have been convicted of violating an unjust statute. I will continue in the future, as I have in the past, to oppose this law in any way I can. Any other action would be in violation of my ideals of academic freedom -- that is, to teach the truth, as guaranteed in our Constitution, of personal and religious freedom. I think the fine is unjust".
The fine, however, had been decided by the judge rather than the jury, as required by Tennessee law at that time. At appeals, the verdict was reversed because of this technical error. Scopes was never retried, as by the time of the appeal he had abandoned teaching. The appeal court, however, did rule the Butler Act constitutional (It was repealed in 1967). The unconstitutionality of anti-evolution legislation, under the guise of "equal treatment" for evolution and "creation science" would not be resolved until the 1980s, the subject of next week's discussion.
A final note: the Scopes Trial is the subject of a web-site. This site, prepared by Douglas Linder of the University of Missouri--Kansas City School of Law contains a mine of interesting information and photos. The Trial was also the subject of a film, Inherit the Wind starring Spencer Tracy, Frederic March, and Gene Kelly, directed by Stanley Kramer, and realesed by United Artists. There is a web-site devoted to this film . You may find other sites of interest by doing web-searches using Excite, Yahoo, or other search engines.Good biographies can be found at Wikipedia for both Bryan and Darrow .
(1) What was the charge brought against Scopes?
(2) What were the political and ideological motiviations underlying Bryan's objection to evolution?
(3) How successful was Bryanin his defence of Biblical literalism?
(4) What role has the Scopes Trial played in popular culture?


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Decatur spotlight: Lifelong community coordinator looks to the city's future
Dan Whisenhunt Dec 26, 2013
Lee Ann Harvey, the city's Lifelong Community Coordinator, focuses on quality of life for Decatur's elderly residents.
Lee Ann Harvey joined the city of Decatur 13 years ago not knowing how long she'd work there.
The city hired her as its volunteer coordinator, a position funded with grant money.
"What I really liked about it was, they didn't have a volunteer coordinator," Harvey said. "This was a brand new position where a person would be forming a new program. When I was first hired, they had gotten a 3-year start-up grant from the United Way. I was initially hired for the three years to start the program, then after that the city commission voted to put it in the budget to fund a volunteer coordinator."
Harvey excelled at the job, and in April of this year was promoted to the city's Lifelong Community Coordinator. In that role she's focusing her efforts on the city's elderly population, helping the city find ways to make life better for seniors living here.
"Basically, it's making Decatur a place where people can live throughout their lifetimes, cradle to grave, so we can keep our older residents in the community," Harvey said. "Things that will benefit the older residents will ultimately benefit people of all ages."
Harvey is best known for her work with the city's annual MLK Service Project. Each year, on a cold January weekend around Martin Luther King Jr. Day, hundreds of people show up in local neighborhoods and get to work.
It's the accomplishment Harvey says she's proudest of.
"We started it in 2003," Harvey said. "At that time were very naive and did the same model that a lot of other groups do, working just a half day on the King Holiday itself. We found the homes needed a whole lot more work than that. A lot of the volunteers kept going back week after week. We were very surprised. We had eight homes that year. We were so surprised that 100 people turned out that year."
The numbers have swelled to about 1,000 volunteers. Harvey spends a lot of sleepless nights coordinating and supervising the project. Harvey also coordinates the city's Season of Giving/Christmas Decatur program.
Harvey hails from Buffalo, N.Y., and has lived in the South since 1995. She holds a bachelor's degree in business from American Intercontinental University. In 2007, she received the Thomas O. Davis Award from the Decatur Business Association.
According to the announcement of the award, Cynthia and Ethel Walker, who were part of the MLK Jr. Service Project, said in their nomination, "Lee Ann has made a world of difference to my mother, myself and her home . . . we could never repay Lee Ann for all of her hard work, time, and patience and for all she did to help over the past two years."
Harvey enjoys traveling when she isn't coordinating volunteers and thinking about how to make life better for the elderly living in Decatur.
"I'm not an exotic traveler," Harvey said. "I love history. I love presidential things. I have a vast collection of pictures of presidential grave sites."
She said she's "lost track" of how many pictures she has.
Harvey said her favorite part of the job has been meeting so many people interested in getting involved with their community.
"I've met literally thousands of people to hear their passion for the city, doing whatever it takes to get things done," Harvey said. "I've had people who are scientists at the CDC or attorneys who help me break down events."
Editor's note: Decaturish asked the city of Decatur to nominate a deserving employee for a Spotlight profile. This will become an occasional feature.


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MPLS est un sigle, un code ou une abréviation qui peut faire référence à :
 Mouvement populaire de libération du Soudan
 Multiprotocol Label Switching

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: How to return values from Matlab to Python when executing a Matlab routine via subprocess.Popen I can call and pass parameters to Matlab using Python like so:
    MatlabExePth=checkMatlabExe()
    matlab_cmd_string = MatlabExePth+ " -nosplash -nodesktop -wait -r "
    changeDirectory("C:\\SVN\\Matlabcode")
    mat_cmd = matlab_cmd_string + "\"" + 'testMatlabReturnToPython' +  ", exit\""
    # test return value Method 1
    msg=subprocess.check_output(mat_cmd,stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,shell=True)
    # test return value method 2
     proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd_string, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
     out, err = proc.communicate()

where testMatlabReturnToPython.m code looks like:
    function [err,err_cod] = testMatlabReturnToPython()
      try

        mse=0.01;
        thr=0.1;
        if(mse>thr)
            err = 'no error'
            err_cod = 0;
        else
            % cause an exception
            [1 2]*[1 2];
        end
     catch
         err = ' error'
         err_cod = -1;
     end

As with Python code, I need a way to get back the err and err_code variables back into Python (these could be arrays, cell var etc), but I haven't found a way to do so.
Note: After Calling Matlab support, found out that import matlab.engine will do the above but is available from matlab R2014b, while i have R2013b.

A: How about that small following example with try-catch?
function [my_out, status] = myfun(my_inputs)
  try
    do_your_work_here;
    my_out = your_result;
    status = 1;
  catch ME
    my_out = [];
    status = -1;
    warning(ME.getReport());
  end
end

UPDATE: Regarding to your updated question, to get values from matlab function in python, you may need something similar to this in python:
import matlab.engine as ME
PE = ME.start_matlab()
err,err_cod = PE.testMatlabReturnToPython(nargout=2)

sorry that i don't have python now so cannot confirm if it runs perfectly.


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Can't critique romance
Steffanie Ling — April 3, 2015
Allen Ginsberg. Photograph of William Burroughs. 1953.
"We Are Continually Exposed to the Flashbulb of Death" The Photographs of Allen Ginsberg (1953–1996)
February 21–April 5, 2015
333 Chesterfield Ave, North Vancouver, BC, Canada V7M 2L8
In 1983, Allen Ginsberg had his old negatives re-printed when his archivist and bibliographer, Bill Morgan, discovered them amongst Ginsberg's Columbia papers. The historical potency of these images was as obvious then as it is now. Encouraged by this assistant and friends like photographers Bernice Abbott, Ginsberg scribed beneath these pictures lengthy captions recalling with sensitivity and detail who and what was in the frame. However, if not for the celebrity of his subjects and by the nature of Ginsberg's vocation, these annotations largely surpass the photographs themselves through their extraordinariness and bohemian insight. No, Ginsberg's pictures do not approach the variety of the "art snapshot" that hearken to Gary Winogrand or Nan Goldin, but that is precisely not the point.
Installation view of "We Are Continually Exposed to the Flashbulb of Death" The Photographs of Allen Ginsberg (1953–1996). Courtesy of Presentation House Gallery
Presentation House Gallery is exhibiting Ginsberg's photographs, which date from 1953 to 1996. This photographic history of the Beats is spliced into the three rooms, more or less chronologically. The visitor is guided through this chronology by numbered pushpins that correspond to a typed document of Ginsberg's captions. The gallery certainly does not come short on tools to contextualize the work. Every room hosts some helpful, explicative timelines and vinyl texts that mark excerpts of his life; his "psychic marriage" to Burroughs, the San Francisco Renaissance, his first car with Peter Orlovsky, the Beat Hotel in Tangier, spiritual sojourns, or visits to R.D Laing's house. Given these things, the subject matter evokes sheer Modernist romanticism; men, their cigarettes, their poverty, their coterie. Certainly, the earlier pictures imply a blissful tumult, frivolity and fleetingness, but it all can't help but feel a little dampened by the arena that mediates these subversive movements in the exhibition paradigm. "We Are Continually Exposed to the Flashbulb of Death" is so organized, carrying us through this history that many have heard about but fewer having read much of the literature it produced. There's a lot of poetry lost in the translation of these images from the back of Ginsberg's desk drawer to being presented in a gallery, but how else can you curate a love story, wrapped in a history, or as they say, a Renaissance? How am I to critique a romance? I hesitate to make another impressive list of the impressive people.
Still from "Only Lovers Left Alive." Film, 2013. Dir. Jim Jarmusch.
In Jim Jarmusch's film, Only Lovers Left Alive, the protagonists are vampires who are secretly upholding the backbone of Western culture using humans, such as Shakespeare, as conduits and creditors of their cultural genius. The male vampire, Adam, and the female vampire, Eve, are playing chess in Adam's kitchen in a rundown house in Detroit when she asks, "Did you play chess with Byron?" and "and what about Mary [Wollstonecraft]?" To which he replies curtly, "pompous ass" and "delicious" respectively. According to him, encounters with belletrists can be reduced to either pretentious or sexy. Ginsberg was not a vampire, but he did manage to have two lives as a photographer, one as a witness, and another as a self-biographer. It's a fine distinction, based entirely on the intention of our photographer.
Inscription: "Now Jack as I warned you far back as 1945, if you keep going home to live with your 'Memère' you'll find yourself wound tighter and tighter in her apron strings till you're an old man and can't escape…" William Seward Burroughs camping as an André Gide-ian sophisticate lecturing the earnest Thomas Wolfean All-American youth Jack Kerouac who listens soberly dead-pan to "the most intelligent man in America" for a funny second's charade in my living room 206 East 7th Street Apt 16, Manhattan, one evening Fall 1953, 1953, gelatin silver print, printed 1984–97, 11 1/8 x 17 3/8 in. (28.3 x 44.2 cm), National Gallery of Art, Gift of Gary S. Davis. © 2012 The Allen Ginsberg LLC.
The earliest pictures, and likely the most intimate, were as the poet has said, "meant more for a public in heaven than one here on earth."[i] This expression is particularly perceptible in the quiet portraits of Burroughs. The white hand of Burroughs motionless atop a thin vague surface and his face floating just above a barrier of books in the unfocused foreground—he looks quite a bit like Baudelaire, actually. Ginsberg saw Burroughs with "a soft center where he felt isolated, alone in the world."[ii] Whether you are the photographer in a relationship or in a relationship with a photographer, there is always a tacitly formed agreement that intimacy is a photo-op:
"William Burroughs sitting up in back bedroom waiting for my company, we slept together & worked on Yage Letters and Queer manuscripts, Ace Books'd printed first paperback edition of Junky that spring – "I come home from work [on 'N.Y. World Telegram,' copyboy] 4:45 and we talk until one AM or later…am all hung up in great psychic marriage with him for the month – " [letter to Neal Cassidy September 4. 1953] Bill arrived from South America in August and we stayed together in my apartment till December, he left for Tanger, I hitched to Palm Beach, Xmas with his parents, then went on via Mexico to Bay Area San Francisco. 206 East 7th Street Apt 16, Fall 1953."
Indeed, intimacy is very photogenic, but rarely does it go much beyond that for posterity. With a portrait of Burroughs this vulnerable, the inscription would have been sufficient after "company" or "spring" or the first "1953". However, with us in mind, Ginsberg supplemented, in one textual breath, the amorous ("we slept together"), the intellectual ("worked on Yage Letters…"), the routine, ("I come home from work…") the romantic (and we talk until one AM or later…") the junkets (arrived from South America in August…December…Tanger…Palm Beach…Mexico) the quotidian ("Xmas with his parents"), and San Francisco—which is in the other room with Tanger—and concluded with the address, season and year of the photograph, as if after a novelesque recounting, a nostalgic spiral to be sure, Ginsberg remembered that he should include some indexical information, again for posterity. Certain lines, such as that of a copyboy Ginsberg racing home everyday for three months to talk to the "most intelligent man in America"[iii], images itself in the proverbial lover's imagination, that important alignment to the equal dedication to talk and sex. Perhaps we are predisposed to seek out the ordinariness in love between literary giants. In regards to that portrait of a semi-nude Burroughs relaxed on a bed, we need not seek any further than just beyond the bottom of the frame.
Warren Beatty and Madonna at Francesco Clemente's NYE party in 1990; © Allen Ginsberg LLC, 2014.
When his negatives resurfaced from his archives in 1983, Ginsberg was again taken with the medium and began to reach for his camera as often as he would reach for his notebook. However, the thrushes of blur that marked his photographs with the amateurism and spontaneity that dominated his early life is noticeably reduced. Their presence in the latter set resonate as nostalgic, or merely an idiom of his early days—imposed noir. He had sought photographic advice from Robert Frank, and yes, his photographs do get "better" by certain standards, but the majority of the photographs of the more remarkably famous subjects, such as Madonna, Lou Reed and a young awkward Beck, are so unexceptional that they could have easily stayed at the back of his desk drawer with no impairment to the rest of the exhibition at all. The fact that they are located a vitrine is a testament to their peripheral significance. But try, if you can, to look at these portraits, not for who they are, but in relation to the writing beneath them, perhaps the appeal of photo-blog phenomenon Humans of New York will become very apparent. Of course, humans, as they are seen through the lens of the camera, have a magnified elegance foisted upon them…but it is the photographer, in this case, Brandon Stanton, who posts beneath a fairly standard portrait of a woman in the subway, "I'm writing a book that encourages people to cross dress."
Bob Donlon (Rob Donnelly, Kerouac's Desolation Angels), Neal Cassady, myself in black corduroy jacket, Bay Area poets' "Court Painter" Robert La Vigne & poet Lawrence Ferlinghetti in front of his City Lights Books shop, Broadway & Columbus Avenue North Beach. Donlon worked seasonally as Las Vegas waiter & oft drank with Jack K., Neal looks good in tee shirt, Howl first printing hadn't arrived from England yet (500 copies), we were just hanging around, Peter Orlovsky stepped back off curb & snapped shot, San Francisco spring 1956.
The simplicity of Ginsberg's annotations suit the content of the early photos, the domestic setting and playfulness of young men in awe of each other finding words for their desires and spirituality. In the later pictures, after 1983, when Ginsberg captured the photos with the task of writing captions later on in mind, the magic of recollection seems dampened too. Though without the discovery of his early negatives, no caption would have been wrote, no photographs would have been printed at all. Ginsberg's handwritten annotations wavering beneath the black and white images are what keep Ginsberg's photographs from being reduced to glorified family portraits, and his monographs from glossy photo albums. These captions function almost as essentially as who is in the photographs themselves in illuminating the Beat history, allowing them to function less like historical documents and more like personal vestiges.
"Un coin de table (By the Table)" 1872. Oil on canvas, 160 x 225 cm © RMN-Grand Palais (Musée d'Orsay) / Hervé Lewandowski. Three are standing, from left to right: Elzéar Bonnier, Emile Blémont and Jean Aicard. Five are seated: Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud, Léon Valade, Ernest d'Hervilly and Camille Pelletan.
While writing the annotations, Ginsberg had asked himself, "What would I want to know if I were looking at a photograph of Verlaine and Rimbaud together?" Letters and history inform us that Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud was a tragic, uncompromising, landmark pairing in literary fin de siècle, which ended when the intoxicated former shot the latter in the hand. Their union was dramatic and compelling in these terms, but while looking at Henri Fantin-Latour's By The Table (1872), a group portrait of the Parnassus Poetry Group, the artist divulges nothing more than the suggestion of their proximity in the composition. Rimbaud props his chin on his hand and looks in the direction of his mentor-lover Verlaine, coquettishly, ambiguously, but that's about it—leaving it all up to Ginsberg's imagination. Recently, I was able to visit Fantin-Latour's totally ineffable Portrait of Miss Edith Crowe (1874) at the Hammer Museum. In the didactic panel the artist is quoted as having once said, "One paints people like flowers in a vase, happy just to depict the exterior as it is—but what of the inner life? The soul is like music playing behind the veil of flesh; one cannot paint it, but one can make it heard…or at least try, to show that you have thought of it." While this painter sits with his subject for an indeterminate amount of time all in an attempt to make a soul heard, or to make evident the attempt, the poet-photographer is issued two cracks at it, the first with only a fraction of a second, and another with a ballpoint pen.
[i] Sarah Greenough "Seeing with the Eyes of the Angeles: Photographs of Allen Ginsberg" in Beat Memories. Washington National Gallery of Art, 2010. 4
[ii] Ibid 40
[iii] This is how Ginsberg refers to Burroughs in the annotation of a separate photograph: "Now Jack as I warned you far back as 1945, if you keep going home to live with your 'Memère' you'll find yourself wound tighter and tighter in her apron strings till you're an old man and can't escape…" William Seward Burroughs camping as an André Gideian sophisticate lecturing the earnest Thomas Wolfean All-American youth Jack Kerouac who listens soberly dead-pan to "the most intelligent man in America" for a funny second's charade in my living room 206 East 7th Street Apt 16, Manhattan, one evening Fall 1953" It is likely that Ginsberg quoted "most intelligent man in America" from a book blurb or review of Burroughs's work.
Tags: allen ginsbergbeatBill MorganHenri Fantin-LatourHumans of New YorkInscriptionsintimacyJack KerouacJim JarmuschMadonnaNeal CassadyPeter OrlovskyphotographypoetryWarren BeattyWilliam Burroughs
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About the Author Steffanie Ling
Steffanie Ling occasionally converges popular media and art to perform cultural criticism. She is a curator at CSA Space and editor of Bartleby Review, a free and occasional pamphlet of art writing in Vancouver. Currently, she is working on a book of letters and stories that weigh in on banality, social awkwardness and smoking.
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If you don't follow game industry news, you might have missed that Valve changed how they use reviews. The short version is that only if you've bought a game directly from steam does your review count by default.
This has some pretty tremendous consequences for game developers, and probably for game players. Let's take a look at what this means in a bit more detail, shall we?
If you want to know more of the details, this post has a pretty good overview of the problems and the issues that Valve is trying to address. Go read that, but take any additional commentary with a grain of salt.
Like the author of that article, I an certain understand that this is a problem. Unlike the author, I don't quite agree that "Something Must Be Done". Something should be done, sure, but rushing headlong into a change without considering the consequences is asking for trouble. Worse, it could end up hurting the people that Steam should be helping: independent developers who play fair.
So, some independent people aren't happy. I can sympathize with Dave here. He's an honest guy who has played by the rules. He's on the cusp of bigger things, but he struggles to get his work recognized. Part of what he relies on is for the Steam platform to help people find his game.
But now it's harder. The keys he gave as a reward for people who left good feedback for his previous games? They don't count in reviews. Press keys given out to YouTube reviewers who legitimately fall in love with the game enough to go review the game? They don't count, either. People who might Kickstart a game and review if it lives up to its promise? Yep, they don't count. All these people have legitimate points of view but are silenced by this change.
Of course, this move simply reinforces that the little guys are at the mercy of Valve and their whims. This policy is unlikely to change an already successful game from a large company with a sizable marketing budget into a struggling failure. And games like No Man's Sky can get all sorts of negative reviews (see the image at the bottom of Dave's post above) and the developers are still probably making more money than 99% of developers will ever see. Worse still, it seems like Valve had done little to talk about these changes and prepare developers for them.
But, let's look at the bad actors.
So the problem is, as stated in the first post I linked, that some developers were giving out keys to get favorable reviews. Some made it explicit: promise a good review and you get a free game. And, yeah, that's kinda sleazy. But, did it really affect things?
As you can see, not exactly a huge racket going on here. Most of these games aren't very big, and the reviews gained from any sort of potential trickery was pretty limited. I don't know about you, but was probably unlikely to base my buying decision on a game called Worst Case Z simply on the reviews.
But, this ultimately forces us to consider: how much do reviews matter? That's perhaps an interesting question.
Back when I worked at 3DO, the upper management held the opinion that reviews don't matter. The important thing was to get good coverage for previews, because most sales happened near launch. Previews were basically marketing letting people know the game existed. By the time actual reviews were posted, most people were either enjoying the game or suffering from buyer's regret. Of course, this was in an era when magazine reviews were the norm. With long print leads and publishing cycles, a review might not come out for a while after launch.
Of course, things are a bit different now. Steam reviews are immediately visible. So, the person who hates the font on the title screen can turn around and post a hateful screed calling the developer an idiot. But, still, does this matter?
I'm not sure. One writer I talked to said that when it comes to books, the review score doesn't influence sales very much. The most important thing? The number of reviews. The more reviews a book has, the better the sales are likely to be. Of course, it might be that having a lot of sales generates a lot of reviews, not vice-versa. But, it does make sense; people are influenced by social proof, so something that appears popular will be of more interest than something that seems ignored.
Still, it can rankle a developer to see negative reviews being given a prominent place on the page for their game. If nothing else, it can hurt the ego even if it doesn't necessarily hurt sales.
So, let's accept that review inflation is a bad thing and that Valve wanted to take steps to fix it. What could they do?
Honestly, I don't think this is a place where an automated solution is the right answer. As much as Valve might seem to loathe human intervention (even though that was an answer to another problem), this is probably one area where it might be worthwhile. Take the data build a too like what SteamSpy did, and then flag accounts with suspicious activity. Look for games where an overwhelming number of free keys resulted in positive reviews. Or where the scores for people holding free keys were much more positive than the rest of the reviews. Flagging potential bad actors and then investigating is probably the right answer here. But, given Valve's non-hierarchical structure, who is going to volunteer to do that?
So, what do you think? Do you rely on steam reviews? Do you think this was a major problem? Do you think the solution will improve your buying experience?
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First of all in response to your last comment there: yes, taking the data that feeds into a tool like SteamSpy used would be great for flagging suspicious activity and handling that manually. I agree with that so much I don't know how to express it.
But also I can immediately think of how better to handle this automatically. Just look at Rotten Tomatoes.
First off, clearly Steam knows which reviews come from what kind of purchase. That means, they can just generate three scores from that: a steam purchase score, a CD key score, and a combined score (hello RT system).
Second, if they really feel it, they can default to showing the first score instead of the combined score. If the CD key score is still there to look at, users can make up their own mind. Steam has done what they needed, and it's caveat emptor for the rest.
Next, you could calculate a more complex combined score: use CD keys for new projects, but make sure the user understands these might be preliminary or biased scores. Use steam purchases later on. I'm sure there are better algorithms than that, but you get the idea.
Last, users could be allowed to configure which score they prefer to look at.
Just display at the top how the user came to receive their key. Add sorting options too. No different from a games journalist disclosing press releases.
Everyone is talking about scores following that change but it doesn't stop there and the change still doesn't address actual concerns devs have. Honestly, if "Simple Ball: Extended Edition" wasn't at the top of this list nobody would know this game even exists so as a dev I don't care if it had a score 88 before "maybe" coming from free keys given away only to get positive reviews.
My game March of the Living is rated "very positive" and "only" lost 26 legit positive reviews from this change. Not too bad? Well, now the first 4 reviews showing up by default for my game are 4 negative reviews. For a game rated "very positive" it's sending a weird message.
The other issue about the review system that should be addressed but was left alone to "fix" something that wasn't so much a big problem is the fact that if you happen to be unlucky during some week you can end up with a negative recent review score even if the global score is positive.
Shouldn't matter much you say? In fact it does. When the last Summer Sale begun MotL had a "very negative" recent score based on only 13 reviews (!!!) (despite having a very positive global score based on 363 reviews) and sales were terrible. 3 days later the recent score disappeared (because "recent" reviews were now not recent enough) and sales went up.
I can see how the recent score might be relevant to early access games as they constantly change but in my case the game wasn't updated past the first week after release to fix bugs. What value does the recent score have in this context? It's the same exact game as before so it's just a score based on some arbitrary random time period. My game is a modest success so it doesn't sell that many copies each week so it's quite possible that at times 7-8 persons buying my game don't like it and it creates such negative recent score. Those reviews are given an enormous power.
Why now show side by side the most helpful (even if I don't like this notion) positive and negative reviews. Show both sides on equal foot instead of showing a bunch of negative reviews first that might not give an accurate picture of the score Steam likes so much. That'd be a start at least as right now if you have a game well received but is a modest success, the slightest change to reviews can make a huge difference.
And yes I care because this is my only source of income so that's why I'm so concerned about this. I'm doing fine but this new change just made it a little harder for me for no good reason.
When I first read about this change, my thoughts were of all the games I've purchased through Humble, GOG, Amazon…any source other than Steam that can provide a Steam key for the product. Reviews I leave for any of those games will not count toward the overall "score" under this new system and none of those purchases have anything to do with keys given out for free by a developer.
Valve's own post on the matter references only a tiny percentage of games that might have had this problem with reviews, so maybe I am missing something, but the (potential) negative impact of this change seems disproportionately large compared to the problem they are trying to solve.
Casting Valve as Darth Vader in the title in a world where EA is still a thing? Seems a bit harsh. How do you get green lit on Origin?
Superficially, this is Valve protecting the people who pay the bills at the expense of a group of developers who probably aren't adding a ton to the company's bottom line nor necessarily helping the image of Steam in the first place. The problem with a low barrier to entry is that it doesn't keep crap out. In ten years Steam has gone from host Valve games to hosting select third party games to becoming an unwieldy storehouse for crap. Which is, of course, why reviews matter so much now and which leads to abuse of the system.
I would be happier if, rather than tinkering with reviews, Valve was simply more discerning in what they put up on their store front. But that low barrier is what makes the indies happy… or as happy as an indie dev can get, which isn't all that happy most days of the week so far as I can tell.
Finally, in my experience, if this really hurts some devs, Valve will revisit the situation. Small comfort today, I know, but they have been reasonable in the past.
Thing is, I never see the "crap". I really don't see this as an issue. First we'd need to define "crap" but let's pick "Simple Ball: Extended Edition" that was the game that saw its score went down the most after the recent change.
I never heard of that game, never saw it pop in any suggestion box, never appeared in my discovery queue, etc. Steam is already doing a good job keeping the "crap" out of sight and any indie dev with a modest success will tell you they are also good to keep their game out of sight as well even if they might not qualify as "crap".
So the "problem" of letting anything get on Steam really isn't one.
When refund is as easy as it is on Steam this is also not an issue. Everyone can get its money back quite easily. All games are effectively demos now and it's actually not serving players and here's an example.
Instead of offering the kind of support indie devs are supposed to be great at (because we care and can handle the volume) I was shut with the refund argument. This means that I still don't know what the player didn't like as the review was so vague and am unable to make any kind of adjustment to the game to make him feel like he didn't waste his money because… well, he he got his money back anyway.
It has to be said that even following the rules results in skewing reviews in a way that could be viewed as unethical. Giving out keys to people who are already known to like the developer and his/her style of games, or rewarding people for giving good YouTube coverage with Steam keys, is just another way of getting more positive reviews without adding any negative reviews. I'm not saying that these reviewers would a review they don't truly stand by, but there's a definite disincentive to post anything negative because the developer won't give you a key next time. So it biases the statistics in a way that encourages people to game the system even further. And because the rating does seem to have some tangible effects, including search engine rankings, the people who are slightly skewing things encourage others to deliberately skew things, and it's a race to the bottom.
As such I can totally agree with a simple approach of "no payment, no review". It's not perfect but it's better – nobody can review unless they were invested enough to have paid for the product, and that this can be verified by the company hosting the review.
So, setting aside lamentations on how we threw game journalism under the bus in favour of mob rule and anarchy the 'wisdom' of crowds, the main lesson from this is that entire industries shouldn't be built around depending on the whims of one company, because whether we agree with their rules or not, they can and will change them when it suits them. But we ignored it with Google and we ignored it with Facebook and gamedevs and gamers ignore it with Valve as well.
So, last week Valve reversed course a bit and made ratings based on all reviews by default. You can choose to switch to only reviews from Steam customers, though.
Which, honestly, should have probably been the first step here. But, better late than never.
Casting Valve as Darth Vader in the title in a world where EA is still a thing? Seems a bit harsh.
It's more a comment on the power relationship than on morality. Darth Vader had Lando in a position where he couldn't really negotiate. Luckily the developers are more numerous than Lando, so they can let their voice be heard and change can happen.
…the main lesson from this is that entire industries shouldn't be built around depending on the whims of one company….
Yes, that's the ideal. But, the reality is that economies of scale will tend to favor one group or another. I know I'm hesitant to install yet another platform just to buy another game, and I'm sure lots of other people feel the same way. So, the reality is one we just have to deal with.