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Articles Posted in Medical Negligence
When Must a Plaintiff Comply with Strict Requirements of a Florida Medical Malpractice Lawsuit?
When a patient is injured after receiving negligent medical care, they may be able to pursue a Florida medical malpractice lawsuit against the medical professionals they believe to be responsible for their injuries. Florida medical malpractice lawsuits, however, are subject to several additional requirements that can be burdensome for many prospective plaintiffs. For example, before filing a medical malpractice lawsuit, a plaintiff must determine that there are "reasonable grounds" for their claim by conducting a pre-suit investigation.
There are several other differences between medical malpractice cases and traditional negligence cases. For example, due to Florida's medical malpractice damages cap, the number of damages available to medical malpractice plaintiffs are capped at a lower amount than damages in traditional negligence claims. Finally, the stature of limitations in a Florida medical malpractice lawsuit is just two years, whereas the statute of limitations for traditional personal injury cases is four years.
That being said, most Florida injury victims would prefer that their case be classified as one of traditional negligence. However, when a case arises in a quasi-medical setting, defendants routinely try to categorize a plaintiff's claim as a medical malpractice claim. Depending on the nature of the claim, the stage of litigation, and the amount of time that has passed, this could completely defeat a plaintiff's chance at recovering for their injuries. A recent case illustrates the types of arguments defendants make in hopes of successfully categorizing the plaintiff's claim as one of medical malpractice.
Posted in: Medical Malpractice, Medical Negligence and Personal Injury
Florida Court Attempts to Limit Class of Cases Subject to Burdensome Medical Malpractice Requirements
Under Florida Statutes section 766.106, Florida medical malpractice plaintiffs must comply with certain additional procedural requirements. For example, a Florida medical malpractice plaintiff must provide pre-suit notice to the defendants, including a list of all of their medical providers for the two-year period prior to the incident as well as all providers seen subsequent to the incident. In addition, medical malpractice plaintiffs are subject to a shorter statute of limitations and must also present an expert affidavit in support of their claim.These additional requirements, while burdensome, may not seem like an insurmountable hurdle. However, in reality, defendants often attempt to raise a plaintiff's failure to comply with the additional requirements as a defense after the lawsuit has been filed. Thus, a defendant may be successful in barring a plaintiff's ability to recover damages by establishing that the plaintiff failed to comply, and by that point, it may be too late because the statute of limitations has expired.
Thus, the determination of whether a case is one of traditional negligence or medical malpractice is an important one. In a recent case, a state appellate court issued an opinion discussing the distinction between the two types of cases and which types of cases are likely to be considered ones involving claims of medical malpractice.
Posted in: Medical Negligence and Slip and Fall
Updated: September 12, 2018 11:58 am
Court Rejects Plaintiff's Medical Malpractice Case Against Pharmacy Following Medication Error
Earlier this month, an appellate court in Georgia issued an opinion in a personal injury case that discusses principles that often arise in Florida medical malpractice cases and other personal injury cases. The case required the court to determine if the plaintiff's evidence gave rise to a case of medical malpractice against the defendant pharmacist in the wake of a medication error. Ultimately, the court concluded that the plaintiff's testimony failed to establish that the pharmacy violated any professional duty of care, and thus the medical malpractice claim was dismissed.The Facts of the Case
The plaintiff suffered from serious medical issues requiring that he take certain medication. One day, the plaintiff's wife went to pick up her husband's prescription from the defendant pharmacy. The plaintiff's wife was provided a single bag with two bottles inside. Neither bottle had the plaintiff's name on it, and neither contained the proper medication.
The plaintiff's wife, not noticing the error, gave the medication to her husband. Later that evening, she found the plaintiff on the floor near the front door to their home. The plaintiff's wife did not notice anything that could have caused her husband to trip, and she concluded that he fell on his own. The pharmacy error was later discovered, and the couple subsequently filed a personal injury case.
Posted in: Medical Negligence and Personal Injury
Plaintiff's Claim Against Pharmacy Dismissed Due to Late-Filed Notice of Expert Testimony
Earlier this month, a state appellate court issued a written opinion in a personal injury case that illustrates the importance of following all procedural and court rules in South Florida medical malpractice cases. In this case, the plaintiff brought a lawsuit against a physician and pharmacy, claiming that they overprescribed medication. The case presented the court with the opportunity to discuss whether the plaintiff's late-filed notice of expert testimony should be admitted, and if not, whether the plaintiff's claim must fail as a result.Ultimately, the court resolved both issues against the plaintiff, dismissing her case against both the pharmacy and the physician.
The Facts of the Case
The plaintiff filed a personal injury lawsuit against the defendants, a physician and a pharmacy. The deadline for pre-trial discovery passed, and the plaintiff had not identified any expert witness who would be testifying on her behalf. The defendants filed a motion for summary judgment, and on the day that hearing was scheduled to be held, the plaintiff announced that she would be having an expert testify.
Posted in: Medical Negligence and Medication Error
Florida Supreme Court Issues Landmark Medical Malpractice Opinion
Earlier this month, the state's Supreme Court issued a Florida medical malpractice opinion that will likely have a great impact moving forward. The case required the court to consider a patient's right to privacy following an alleged medical malpractice event. Specifically, it addressed whether the patient loses their right to privacy in certain medical records once the patient dies. The court ultimately held that a patient's right to privacy survives after death and may be asserted by a family member bringing a Florida wrongful death lawsuit.
The plaintiff was the surviving spouse of a man who died while in the care of the defendant physician. The plaintiff filed a medical malpractice lawsuit against the defendant doctor, and in response, the doctor requested certain medical records pursuant to the rules of discovery.
The particular rules of discovery invoked by the defendant required the plaintiff to disclose all of the health care providers that her husband saw in the years leading up to his death. Furthermore, the rules actually allowed for the defendant to have secret meetings with the medical care providers in the absence of the plaintiff or her attorney.
Posted in: Medical Malpractice and Medical Negligence
Appellate Court Allows Evidence of Out-of-Court Settlements in Medical Malpractice Case
Earlier this month, one state's appellate court issued a written opinion in a medical malpractice case that required the court to determine whether the single doctor named as a defendant should be able to introduce evidence that there had originally been several other doctors named as defendants, but they had all settled with the plaintiff before the case reached trial. Ultimately, the court determined that the contested evidence was relevant to the case and should have been admitted.
The plaintiffs were the surviving loved ones of a man who died while he was being treated by the defendant doctor after he slipped and fell while playing racquetball. The defendant was one of several doctors who treated the plaintiffs' loved one, and each of the other treating physicians had originally been named in the lawsuit. However, the plaintiffs agreed to settle the cases against the other physicians out of court and proceed to trial against only the defendant.
In a pre-trial motion, the plaintiffs asked the court to prevent the defendant from explaining to the jury that there were originally several other doctors named in the lawsuit, but they had reached settlements with the plaintiffs. Additionally, the plaintiffs asked the court to prevent the defendant from arguing that the subsequent acts of these other non-present doctors acted as an intervening cause of their loved one's death. The trial court denied both of the plaintiffs' motions, and the case proceeded to trial. The jury found in favor of the defendant, and the plaintiffs appealed.
Posted in: Medical Negligence
Federal Court Refuses to Impose Sanctions Against Pharmacy for Destruction of Evidence in Prescription Error Lawsuit
A United States District Court recently issued a decision that denied a plaintiff's request to impose sanctions against a defendant for destroying evidence before trial on the plaintiff's pharmacy error claim. The plaintiff had alleged that the defendant, who had already admitted to accidentally dispensing the wrong medication to the plaintiff, destroyed the evidence in order to gain an advantage in litigation against the plaintiff. The court ultimately rejected the plaintiff's request for additional sanctions and damages against the defendant, ruling that the defendant's admission of the pharmacy error made the evidence sought by the plaintiff irrelevant to the issues presented in the case. The court ruled that since the plaintiff's case was not prejudiced by the defendant's actions, the requested sanctions would not be appropriate.
Plaintiff's Claim Arises After Pharmacy Accidentally Dispenses the Wrong Medication
According to an article discussing the court's recent ruling in the case, the plaintiff in the case of Burton v. Walgreen Co. was a customer of the defendant who filled a prescription for valsartan tablets but was instead given a bottle containing both his prescribed medication as well as lithium tablets. The plaintiff consumed five of the pills before noticing the error and returning the medication. The plaintiff subsequently filed a pharmacy error lawsuit against the defendant, alleging that he suffered injuries as a result of the wrong medication being dispensed by the defendant.
The Rate of Low-Risk Cesarean Sections Continues to Decline
The first of several articles that are being released as part of a new series on pregnancy and birth-related issues by a popular national news network has a startling title. The piece, entitled "Why I Regret my Scheduled C-Section," was written by journalist Lisa Ling as part of a larger segment that is being published by CNN called "This Is Birth," which will address many issues that American families face when seeking professional medical care during a pregnancy.
Why the Author Regretted Her Elective C-Section
Part one of the newly published series explains how and why the author came to regret her decision to have a scheduled cesarean delivery of her second child. According to the facts discussed in the article, a late ultrasound of her first pregnancy revealed that the child's umbilical cord was wrapped around her neck and would need to be delivered by C-section. Her first C-section went as planned and without complications. When she became pregnant again, the author scheduled her second child to be delivered by C-section, a popular decision for mothers who have previously given birth by C-section. Unlike her first delivery, the author's second C-section had complications and resulted in the author acquiring a dangerous and painful infection in the hospital. Although her baby and she ultimately recovered, the author clearly states that she did not thoughtfully consider the risks of a C-section compared to those of a natural birth, and shr regrets her decision to have the surgery.
State Court Affirms $4 Million Wrongful Death Verdict in Medical Malpractice Case
The Idaho Supreme Court recently published an opinion affirming a $4 million jury verdict in a wrongful death and medical malpractice case filed by the husband of a woman who died after complications from a liposuction procedure performed by the defendant. The award, which includes over $1,250,000 in non-economic damages, was enhanced by the jury's finding that the defendants acted recklessly in caring for the deceased woman.
Liposuction Patient Dies After Unknown Bacteria Is Introduced into Her System
The wife of the plaintiff in the case of Ballard v. Silk Touch Laser had a liposuction procedure performed by the defendant in 2010. Less than one week after the procedure, she died of septic shock from an unknown bacteria that was allegedly introduced into her system during the procedure. The plaintiff's wrongful death lawsuit alleged that the defendant had negligently failed to sterilize equipment before performing the procedure and sought damages from the defendant. After a jury trial, the plaintiff was awarded a verdict totaling over $4 million. The defendant appealed the verdict to the Idaho Supreme Court.
The Defendant Challenges the Plaintiff's Expert Testimony
On appeal, the defendant challenged the plaintiff's use of an anesthesiologist as an expert witness to give testimony as to the appropriate standard of care that the plaintiff's wife was entitled to receive. The appellate court found that the defendant never objected to the plaintiff's proposed expert during the trial and could not raise the issue for the first time on appeal. Although the court noted that the plaintiff's proposed expert was legally qualified to give testimony, the defendant's failure to object to the testimony earlier made his arguments impossible on appeal.
Updated: September 6, 2016 8:07 pm
Blatant Surgical Errors Remain Startlingly Common Despite Technological Advances in Medicine
The technological advances in the medical field over the last 20 to 30 years have resulted in patients receiving improved care when treated for a variety of medical conditions and ailments. However, mistakes and errors by medical providers remain more common than many observers would believe. Although the incorporation of precision digital technology and improved medicines have benefited patients significantly, the human element of medical care leaves patients vulnerable to avoidable mistakes by medical professionals.Poorly designed information systems and over-worked, under-trained staff can result in patients receiving inapplicable, inadequate, or dangerous treatments that could have been avoided by the exercise of due care by medical professionals. If appropriate legal action is taken, patients and families who have been affected by such negligence can obtain financial compensation from the responsible parties.
Surgeons Remove Man's Kidney Unnecessarily, Based on Physician's Order
One type of preventable surgical mistake that can devastate patients and their families occurs when the wrong procedure is performed on a patient. In a recent article, CNN reported on such a situation that occurred at a Massachusetts hospital earlier this year. According to the news article, a physician's order instructed surgeons to remove the patient's kidney, and the surgery was performed successfully. Unfortunately, only after the kidney was removed did doctors discover that the patient did not need the procedure.


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HEALTH, FITNESS & SPORTS
Wheels Up: A Novel of Drugs, Cartels and Survival by Jeanine Kitchel
Jeanine Kitchel's new book, Wheels Up: A Novel of Drugs, Cartels and Survival, was released this summer, and reviewers have already given it a well-deserved 4.5 to 5 stars. Its high ratings have led to recognition by The New York Book Review, whose review is published in the Sept. 27, 2018 issue.
Wheels Up: A Novel of Drugs, Cartels and Survival is Jeanine Kitchel's debut novel. Living in Mexico for 15 years gave her insight into the country's multi-faceted culture as well as a closer look at the powerful cartels. Wheels Up uses that insight to catapult Layla Navarro, niece of Mexico's most notorious drug lord, El Patrón, to the top of the cartel after his recapture. This is a story of triumph against all odds and also one of personal transformation as Layla struggles to survive in one of the cruelest institutions the world has ever seen.
Layla always wanted to run the family business. But is she willing to kill for it? When her notorious drug lord uncle is recaptured, Layla Navarro catapults to the top of Mexico's most powerful cartel. Groomed as his successor, Layla knows where the bodies are buried. But not all the enemies. To prove her mettle, she accepts an offer to move two tons of cocaine from Colombia to Cancun by jet. The deal goes sideways during a stopover in Guatemala when she unexpectedly uncovers a human trafficking ring. Plagued by self-doubt she must navigate the minefield of Mexican machismo, outsmart government officials, and fight off gangsters. Even worse, she realizes she's now become a target for every rival cartel seeking to undermine her new standing. From her lush base in the tropics, she's determined to retain her dominant position in Mexico's criminal world—if she can stay alive.
Available at Amazon and other venues.
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FASEA defends 3-month exam lockout
Sarah Kendell
The standards authority has defended its policy to only allow advisers one sitting of the industry exam per three months, as almost half of existing practitioners are yet to pass with less than a year before the new compliance deadline.
Responses to questions on notice from the Senate economics committee reveal FASEA's rationale for the policy, which has caused industry concern with advisers who fail the exam locked out of some subsequent sessions.
Last week, FASEA chief executive Stephen Glenfield urged advisers who had not yet sat the exam to register for either the January or March sessions to give themselves a maximum of three opportunities to pass before the 1 January 2022 compliance deadline.
WA Liberal senator and economics committee member Slade Brockman had previously asked the authority whether the policy of only allowing advisers one exam attempt per 90 days was "a deliberate strategy" and what the rationale was behind it.
"Paragraph 4(2)(c) of the exam legislative instrument states that financial advisers must not have sat an exam within three months before registering for the exam. This time frame allows candidates to sit every second exam," FASEA said.
"The three-month gap between the exam sitting allows candidates who have failed to adequately prepare for the next exam. It also allows FASEA to maintain the integrity and fairness of the exam and our exam provider ACER to run robust processes to benchmark difficulty between exams.
"This approach was supported by a number of industry associations in consultation feedback on the draft standard and legislative instrument."
The authority added that it would offer the exam on 15 occasions in total throughout the transition period for existing advisers.
"A relevant provider who chose to sit the first exam in June 2019 would have up to eight attempts to pass the exam. Advisers who have yet to sit the exam will have up to three attempts in 2021," FASEA said.
According to the most recent FASEA figures, 52 per cent of advisers currently on the ASIC register, or 11,241 advisers, have so far passed the exam. In the most recent sitting in November 2020, 80 per cent of those sitting the exam for the first time and 58 per cent of those re-sitting the exam had passed.
Mr Glenfield had also previously indicated that the authority would be open to amending the policy within the legislative instrument if the situation demanded, having said last year when legislation to extend the compliance date was in doubt that FASEA would "consider other options" to give advisers more time to pass.
Written by Sarah Kendell


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Q: how can LASSO fit a worse model given more predictors I have a problem that when I offer LASSO more predictors it gives a worse model than when I offer fewer - and it doesn't even pick those additional variables in the worse model.
eg when I offer variables A + B + C + D + E  LASSO is (say) picking a model  with  A,B,C,D (shrinking effect of E to zero) and I get (say)  an AUC of 70% (on a 1/3 holdout test set)
But when I offer A + B + C + D + E + F + G + H it picks a smaller model (say A and B) and has a worse AUC (say 65%) on the holdout data.
And it doesn't even pick those additional variables F and G
This seems odd to me.

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Should We Allow and Promote Transgenderism?
Although there may be many uses and implications that come with the term "transgenderism", I am restricting its definition to mean an individual born a biologically determined gender, and throughout the entirety of their youth and even into adulthood, feeling a profound sense of being the opposite gender from which they were determined at birth. Or, in simplest terms, someone whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex.
Since, in this article, I don't bother to cover the basics of transgenderism and accompanying terms and concepts, you may wish to first skim this Wikipedia article if you are not familiar with the subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgender
There is so much to consider when it comes to this topic that this article is not even close to comprehensive, but hopefully serves to aid a process of contemplation that both precedes and succeeds the content written here. I am thankful to have met transgender people in this last year and hear their struggles, hopes, and opinions, as I am equally thankful to have heard and read from religious leaders, lawyers, psychologists, sociologists, and philosophers. I hope to fairly represent all of their views, as well as my own.
Whether or not it is acceptable to identify as transgender has become a contentious national debate in recent years. It is a polarizing issue between the left and right, the religious and non-religious, between generations, and within each of these different groups. There are, of course, a wide range of views on the subject, but we may be able to limit it to two main groups: progressives and resistors.
The progressive movement toward allowing and promoting transgenderism is based upon mental health research, personal freedom, protection of minorities, and reducing the antiquated rigidity of gender norms in light of modern, more inclusive ideals.
The resistor movement against allowing and promoting transgenderism is based upon societal norms, rigid gender binary paradigms, religious interpretations, superiority of dominant groups, and a negative attitude toward tolerance.
The first group has reason to be optimistic, as transgender rights have dramatically expanded, and social inclusion in media, politics, business, education, and other areas continue to increase in policy and representation. The second group, obviously, does not contain the same kind of optimism. Their view has been dominant for majority of human history, and is intrinsically built into many of our social and legal rules, assumptions, and ways of life. Because of the past dominance of those against transgenderism, we may say that the resistors have everything to lose, and the progressives, everything to gain.
We will look at three main aspects of this issue:
The Christian View
Legal Perspective
Mental Health and Society
Christianity and Transgenderism
Western society has been influenced, at times even dominated, by Christian ideas. For this reason, I think it is nearly impossible to properly examine any social or moral issue in society in absence of its consideration.
Bertrand Russell famously said that "Christianity, as organized in its churches, has been and still is the principle enemy of moral progress in the world."
His statement is correct in certain cases, and limited in others. More importantly, we should recognize the importance of "as organized in its churches". Christianity as an enterprise has not been primarily a personal philosophy of embracing and following the teachings of Jesus Christ, but rather manifested into the formation and maintenance of authoritarian and collective cultures, from the politics of the Catholic Church to the social austerity of the evangelicals to the subcultural superiority of the Mormons, and so forth. This makes it very difficult to separate primitive or source Christianity from the cultures it exists in.
The Bible has very little to do with social or legal ethics. The Old Testament has a social and legal code of conduct, known as the Mosaic law, but it is commonly thought to be a temporary measure, and relinquished upon the fulfillment of the higher law in the arrival of Jesus Christ. The law becomes very simple in principle, as Jesus states that the law is summed up in "love God and love others" (Matthew 22:36-40, and reiterated by Paul in Galatians 5:14). This is a personal, spiritual ethic, and is far from establishing an authoritarian or collective enforcement of conduct.
But sometimes, Christians, in their ignorance of or refusal to employ secular reasoning to social and legal ethics, insist upon deriving it from the Bible, which makes for desperate contrivance. Abortion, for example, is never explicitly mentioned in the Bible. However, Christians take a poetic passage, with no implications of ethics, to support their already held assumption that abortion is wrong (Psalm 139:13). They attempt to turn this ambiguous personal ethic into an enforced social and legal one. They often do the same thing with transgenderism.
In the creation story, God creates humans as "male and female". However, God also made them able bodied, and one might be just as logical to say that disabled people are equally immoral as transgender people, considering they are not made as the original creation was. The Bible, if it was intent on prohibiting transgenderism, could have easily contained a verse saying, "God assigns people a certain gender, and their physical body should always correspond with their gender identity." And yet, it does not state that. For Mormons, however, the Bible's ambiguity is made clearer by modern day revelation, most notably in the "Proclamation on the Family" which suggests gender binary essentialism, but has been interpreted otherwise, at times.
But there is, in Christianity, something I call "consistencies of principle" that may lend towards gender essentialism. The Bible would be an infinitely long book if it contained every possible prohibition, and its ethic is not as much a right or wrong as it is a process of internal virtue development through certain eternal, transcendent principles. In this ethical determination, one does not look for specific commands in the Bible, but rather concepts, and judges the rightness or wrongness of a thing by whether it is supported or contradicted within the grander narrative. For example, we may examine homosexuality this way. The New Testament of the Bible lacks a specific prohibition on homosexual behavior. However, one would find significant contradiction in the Bible if they were to accept homosexuality as morally good. From Adam and Eve being the ideal basis of creation, to Jesus saying a man should leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, to Paul's disdain for the homosexual practices of the Romans and Corinthians, to the descriptions of romantic love in Song of Solomon, to the 5th commandment's mention of one's "mother and father", and much more, we see a strong, overlying narrative towards affirming heterosexual marriage relationships as the only good forum for sexual expression.
The same can be said of transgenderism. While no specific prohibition is given, being male and living in accordance with that, and being female and living in accordance with that, does seem to be a strong feature of the Bible's grander narrative. One finds great consistency in reading the Bible with the assumption of gender essentialism, and would find significant difficulty in using the Bible to affirm otherwise. From God creating the entirety of humanity in two binary genders, to Paul setting out different gender roles in marriage and church conduct, to the gendered implications of sexual ethics, to the complete absence of transgender affirmation, and much more, it appears as though the Bible is affirming of gender expressions in accordance with one's physical body.
Although in my personal view, and the view of the majority of theologians, transgenderism is not affirmed by the Bible as morally good, this interpretation is not the ultimate authority, and room for other honest interpretations is certainly allowed. People who identify as transgender may very well feel a strong connection to Jesus Christ and the teachings of the Bible, and desire a community with which to share that. For this reason, the Metropolitan or United churches offer a valuable service in affirming transgender people as Christians. My own interpretation of the Bible is subject to change based on where the evidence appears to lead, as should everyone's.
As for whether a Christian should be transgender, the verdict generally favors against it. However, in treating transgender people who are not Christian, the ethic seems fairly obvious: fulfilling the commandment to love others means affirming the value of every person in recognizing their dignity and agency, and empathizing with their struggles. Christianity, born out of obscurity and persecution, ought to have significant compassion for the marginalized, rather than seek to crush them in self-serving superiority. Seeking the detriment or degradation of transgender people would be so profoundly against the core message of Christianity that anyone who does so would be operating on a separate ethic from Christianity, even if they personally identify as such.
The core concept of law in Western society is a simple one: all people have individual rights to life, liberty and property. There is nothing to debate in regards to the right to life: transgender people cannot be murdered, and their murder has the same legal ramifications as the murder of any other person. There is nothing of significance to debate in regards to property: transgender people can purchase and own property just as any other person. The debate centers around liberty: for transgender people, progressives, and resistors.
Liberty For The Transgender Individual
If the exercise of one's liberty does not infringe on the liberty of others, they are acting within the law, no matter how peculiar the act may be. For example, if someone wished to wear an orange hat all the time, we might consider that strange, but we could not limit that person legally. However, if the person said that all people must wear orange hats all the time, and would hurt them if they didn't, then they are infringing on another person's rights, and it is no longer lawful. So too, we cannot say it is illegal for a man to wear a dress, even though we may find it odd.
But often times, peculiar behavior, although not punished by the law, is punished socially. The social punishment, of say, not inviting a transgender person to a party, cannot be legally remedied. However, in matters of public policy, such as the workplace, hospitals, education, and others, social punishment can be classified as legal discrimination, in which case it does become a legal matter. Legal rights are enacted to protect the natural rights of people when they are under attack. Since transgender people are vulnerable to social punishment in the form of discrimination, their liberty to live as they choose is under attack, and legal rights must be enacted and upheld to protect them.
Liberty Between Progressives and Resistors
Generally, the progressive movement seeks to educate others and, in doing so, promote transgenderism as an acceptable identity and lifestyle. They advocate for the legal rights of transgender people through protests, campaigns, online support, etc. and work further to make systemic changes to institutions that contain discriminatory policies or cultures.
Generally, the resistor movement seeks to maintain traditional education on gender, and uphold existing policies and cultures that promote gender essentialism. They advocate for the legal rights of those who discriminate against transgender people, and work to undermine the legitimacy and efficacy of gender fluidity.
These groups clash in a variety of public spheres, making mutual appeasement impossible. While it may be an adult's individual right to change their gender if they so choose, how should we teach this concept to children? Should teachers tell them transgenderism is a normal part of gender expression? Should gender segregated policies, such as those in bathrooms, locker rooms, and sports teams, be removed?
Should tax payer money be used for sex changes? Should transgender be considered a third gender on legal documents? Should transgender people be able to adopt children?
We can quickly see how these contentious questions permeate through every sphere of public policy and the accompanying social lives of the people in it. Since neither group can be appeased, the law focuses on what is most consistent with the values of the constitution, which in this case, is the right to liberty. Necessary for a society to maintain the right to individual liberty is not only legal protection, but a culture of tolerance. For this reason, the legal system and the institutions governed by it ought to act in accordance with tolerance for transgender people, and also allow freedom of belief for both progressives and resistors. Since the progressives are more consistent with tolerance, their side will inevitably be favored in policy development.
A problematic tendency of certain theories in psychology is their conception of the self as a closed system, resulting in a failure to properly account for the incredibly important social interactions intrinsic to one's self. Or, in regards to the topic of transgenderism, we cannot make the claim: transgender people have more depression and suicide than other people, so it is therefore psychologically damaging to be transgender.
In the Soviet Union, people who lived out a belief in democracy had much worse lives, but does that mean democracy is a bad thing? Or, if you are around a bunch of Edmonton Oilers fans who hate the Calgary Flames, you might get insulted for being a Flames fan; but does that mean the Flames are necessarily a bad thing? After all, if you were around a bunch of Flames fans, you would undoubtedly find that the Oilers are the bad thing.
What I mean to suggest is that the goodness or badness of a thing can often be culturally relative, and there are effects of any culture on one's self. A 2016 study published in Pediatrics, found that transgender people had significantly worse mental health than other people. However, upon separating those who had been accepted by their communities, they found almost identical mental health to other people. In other words, the detriment to a transgender person's mental health is not so much intrinsic to transgenderism as it is to the societal attitudes around it. You can read the study here: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/137/3/e20153223
Transgender people have more difficulty getting jobs, medical treatment, and a variety of other opportunities that would advance their life achievement. They are also socially ostracized by many social groups, so having friends can be limited, and it is much harder for them to have dating relationships, since many people are not interested in dating a transgender person. https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/the-truth-about-exercise-addiction/201612/why-transgender-people-experience-more-mental-health
This is where the legal and social ethic move consistently towards tolerance and acceptance of transgender people. It is necessary, legally, to maintain the rights of all people. It is necessary, socially, to act with kindness and acceptance to all people. "All people", of course, includes men, women, and whatever else people may identify as.
I suppose I ought to actually answer the question I first posed, "should we allow and promote transgenderism?". The answer depends on whether you are asking me in terms of Christianity, the law, or mental health and society.
In terms of Christianity, I would say, "no, but with great compassion and kindness." In terms of the law, I would say, "yes, but not by trampling the rights of those who dissent against the progressive movement." In terms of mental health and society, I would say, "yes, but with appropriate reservation and unbiased interpretations of research."
I hope that whatever view you have on the subject, that you hold it humbly. People have a tendency to get dogmatic on a certain view, and to then huddle in groups that agree with them and hate on the "others". This has been the cause of all kinds of evil and stupidity. Instead, we can build our views with a healthy skepticism as we do what we can to limit our own bias in favor of quality research. We can interact and form positive relationships with people of all views and identities. We can understand and embrace empathy to those who act and believe differently than us.
Transgenderism is proving a trying issue for our culture, but whether it will damage us or improve us is based on much bigger issues; one's that humanity has always faced. Rather than a trial, we can view the difficulties associated with transgenderism as opportunities to improve the quality of socially contentious discourse, remind us that human rights are universal whether we prefer it or not, and bring us to a better understanding of gender in the human experience.
2 thoughts on "Should We Allow and Promote Transgenderism?"
Really thorough post, and impressive that you managed to stay impartial throughout. I'd love to know what your personal opinion on whether being trans is real, or if you think it's an attention seeking scheme (I humbly believe the former)
I personally think that most transgender people are legitimate. The idea that someone would go through the extreme lengths of gender re-assignment just for attention seems absurd to me. I think there are cases, however, where people who do have a mental illness of some kind decide they are transgender. The right wing media loves to make a big deal out of those cases and generalize it as if all transgender people are insane. But really, as I said, most transgender people are simply normal people who have a unique condition, and shouldn't be hated or ostracized because of it.
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Due to market uncertainty arguably caused by 'Brexit', demand in the UK retail sector fell for three consecutive quarters in 2017, most recently by 22%. According to the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) this is the lowest reading since 2011, and the retail sector was the only area in...
Lloyds backs Ballymore's Nine Elms HQ with £82m development loan
Ballymore is set to develop 211,000 sq ft of prime office accommodation at its Embassy Gardens site in London's Nine Elms over the next three years; and the company has been awarded an £82m development loan to complete the project. The ten-storey building will be the first office development of...
Most SMEs seek sub-three-year office leases or serviced offices
It is well-known that the UK economy is heavily reliant on SMEs to support economic growth and the British currency. Now, almost three-quarters of SMEs in the country are seeking office lease terms of less than three years. Indeed, shorter leases have become increasingly popular during 2017, and are now...
Woking Council completes on £72 million Dukes Court deal
Woking Borough Council has completed a major purchase, spending £72.35 million on the Dukes Court office complex in the town centre, just three years after the original purchase was made by Ærium and NorthStar Realty Europe for £61.5 million. The Dukes Court office complex consists of an astonishing 224,000 sq...
Midtown office take-up
Midtown is the area of London between the City and the West End. It includes submarkets such as Holborn, Chancery Lane, and Bloomsbury. Historically, it has been a popular location for solicitors to set up offices due to its proximity to the courts. However, as more occupiers branch out from...
Quidnet offers property with a price tag of £25.7 million-plus
The Astral Towers office building in Crawley has officially been brought to market. Quidnet Capital, the current owner of the office scheme, is seeking offers in excess of £25.7 million, and real estate giant Knight Frank has been instructed for this major office disposal. The building comprises 118,000 sq ft...
Brexit hitting London hard
Brexit is causing a time of uncertainty for Britain. A survey of more than 800 real estate professionals has indicated that London is now officially ranked among the European cities with the worst outlook for 2018. According to Urban Land Institute and the European Real Estate Report, which compares 31...
Murray calls for more cash for London homes
According to recent parliament debates between the Conservative and Labour parties, London is in the midst of a housing crisis. James Murray, London's Deputy Mayor for Housing has asked the government to take action and "step up their game". Murray has also requested an increase in investment and affordable housing,...


I (Erin) don't know if you've heard, but there's a certain "big football game" that will be played in a couple of weeks (sadly the journey for our beloved Ravens has ended). In anticipation for said game, I created a fun little toss game for the boys to play with during the game viewing and it works double time as a great math activity!
Step 1: Cut football parts out of the felt. Below is what you need for ONE football.
Step 2: Hot glue the white pieces on to the football form.
Step 3: Sew football sides together. I decided to allow the seams to show because I liked the look, you're welcome to do the ole "flip inside out" move though. Make sure to leave an opening for the beans! You can also hot glue if you don't want to sew.
Step 4: Fill with beans. Seal up the opening (sew, glue).
Step 5: Repeat until you have the desired amount of footballs. I made 3 footballs, because it made sense to me. Two was too few, four was too many, three was perfect to me. I'm sick, let's just move on. But first, look at my pretty football pileup. Football huddle. Football gathering?
Step 6: Cut out a large rectangle for the "field". Completely optional, but I did a quick hem around the edges just to give it a more "finished look". Plus my sewing machine was already out and it seemed bored.
Step 7: Cut out strips of yellow for the goal lines and field goal posts, and white numbers. Attach with hot glue. I only did three sections since my boys are younger, but you could easily do more to make the game harder.
Step 8: Time to play! The boys took turns to see how many points they could get at once (great math lesson too!) . They also played "who could get closest to the field goal posts". We also had Kallie help keep score.
It was such an easy and cute little game to whip up on this icy day, and is perfect for game play while the adults are watching the big game. This game also works really well to help your little football enthusiast with some addition as they learn to total their own scores!
This game looks like a perfect indoor game during these cold winter days!


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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As a teacher for more than three decades, since 1985 at Columbia University, you have brought a generation of students to an appreciation of the defining themes of American literature. And as a prominent cultural critic, you have grappled with the same themes as they recur in our lives to this day.
You learned the value of a liberal arts and sciences education at Harvard, where you earned your undergraduate and doctoral degrees, and where you benefited from the generous time and attention afforded by your professors. You were recognized for your own generous gifts as a professor with the 2006 Great Teacher Award from the Society of Columbia Graduates.
Although your books and essays are often about authors from the American past, like Herman Melville and Ralph Waldo Emerson, they are based on the idea that these same authors can offer Americans insight on how to live today. Your books include Required Reading: Why Our American Classics Matter Now and Melville: His World and Work, which received the Lionel Trilling Award at Columbia University.
In 2001 you were elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and named "America's Best Social Critic" by Time Magazine. As a trustee of the National Humanities Center and the Library of America, you have been generous in your steadfast devotion to other scholars in the humanities, and their work.
You received the 2011 National Humanities Medal from President Obama for your important work, which has broadened American's engagement with the humanities. Andrew Delbanco, the Mendelson Family Professor of American Studies and Julian Clarence Levi Professor in the Humanities, Columbia University, for your dedication to the life of the literary mind and educational ideals in keeping with the mission of Marlboro College, it is our pleasure to confer upon you the degree: Doctor of Humane Letters.


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Helicopters • Military By Matt Claiborne
Development and History of the Attack Helicopter
Bell AH-1 Cobra
credit: Alan Wu
28 American Hollywood Celebrities with Private Jets
12 Slowest Planes In the World
Helicopters have proven themselves valuable in many ways. Since the very first helicopters were used in combat, the designs have been modified and tweaked. Now, many different types of helicopters serve all sorts of different missions. Today, let's look at how the modern attack helicopter came to be.
What was the First Attack Helicopter?
What is an Attack Helicopter?
Development and History of the Combat Helicopter
First Pure-Breed Attack Helicopters
Lockheed AH-56 Cheyenne Program
While many helicopters were used in combat and armed in various ways, the first purpose-built attack helicopter was the Bell AH-1 Cobra. It began operations for the US Army in 1967 and was immediately put into service during the Vietnam conflict. But the story of how it came to be and the designs that led up to it is one of the more interesting aircraft design stories of the last century.
The 15 Best Attack Helicopters in the World
Before we can identify which helicopter was the first attack helicopter, it would help to have a firm idea of what constitutes an attack helicopter.
You see, helicopters are already very specialized flying machines. Much like the airplane, the first helicopters were designed to fulfill multiple roles. As it successfully filled those roles, later generations of choppers were designed with more specific uses and missions in mind.
So the first helicopters did it all—they carried external loads, evacuated the wounded, or operated as gunships with guns, missiles, and armaments. But this sort of gunship helicopter does not constitute an attack helicopter.
By definition, an attack helicopter is specifically designed as a fighter. To capitalize on their low and slow flight profiles, attack helicopters' primary targets are infantry, military vehicles, and fortifications. Standard armaments found on these choppers include machine guns, rockets, and anti-tank missiles.
Modern attack helicopters fulfill two primary missions. They take out enemy tanks, vehicles, or ground-based facilities. Secondly, they provide close air support for troops on the ground. This occasionally includes protective escorting of transport helicopters.
The idea of an attack helicopter can trace its history back to the early days of World War II when Russia and the US experimented with using slow-moving fixed-wing airplanes for stealthy nighttime attacks.
One famous example is the way the US used modified Piper J-3 Cubs. The famous training planes were modified in the L-4 Grasshopper for the Army. Three or four bazooka rocket launchers were mounted externally to the struts, and the planes successfully took out German tanks and artillery.
Les Chatfield Piper J-2 Cub at Shoreham Airshow
Igor Sikorski, a Russian immigrant, working in the US, began designing his initial helicopter designs during this same period.
The Sikorski R-4 was the first helicopter to go into production. The Army immediately saw the usefulness of the design and began modifying it for combat use. It was only used briefly during the war, and when it was, it was used for rescue and evacuation flights from combat zones. It flew in combat on April 25, 1944—but it was not an attack helicopter. https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/first-combat-helicopter-video
Post-War Helicopter Development
The success of the R-4 spurred a tremendous amount of development in technology after World War II. The utility that the helicopter offered was unmatched by any other technology. It needed no runways and could operate in the harshest terrain. It could fly low and slow in areas hazardous for fixed-wing aircraft to operate. And it could land anywhere to drop off or pick up troupes or the injured.
The 1950s became the heyday for helicopters. There is no film or story set during the Korean or Vietnam Wars that does not star the chopper heavily.
One of Sikorski's most successful designs was the S-55. It was converted into the H-19 Chickasaw for the Army and Air Force and the H-34 for the Navy. It first flew in 1954. Unlike later attack and military choppers, the H-34 was powered by radial piston engines.
The USSR was likewise developing rotorcraft technology after the war. Their first successful transport helicopter was the Mil Mi-4, which had similar performance specifications to the Sikorski.
Jan Hrdonka Mil Mi-4
These early helicopters filled many roles as their utility became obvious. Armed Sikorski H-34s and Mil Mi-4s were put into service and served in combat operations. The Bell 47, with its distinctive bubble canopy, was a Korean-era utility helicopter that was tested to see if a large 90 mm caliber bazooka could be fired during flight.
As future generations of helicopters were developed, each successive model had options to be armed. For example, in the 1960s, the famous Bell UH-1 Huey and Mil Mi-8s widely used during the Vietnam conflict often carried arms.
airwolfhound Bell 47
During the mid-1960s and the height of the Vietnam conflict, the US Army decided it needed a purpose-built attack helicopter. The basic design requirements stated that it should be faster and more maneuverable than the transport helos of the time while being more heavily armored and carrying more firepower.
The requirements for the new aircraft were released in 1964 and became known as the Army's Advanced Aerial Fire Support System, or AAFSS. Companies began submitting competing designs to see what the Army would support.
Several prototypes were submitted and followed up on. Lockheed proposed an innovative design known as the AH-56 Cheyenne. There were also prototypes evaluated from Sikorsky, Kaman, and Bell. So which one was the first? As with many stories of aircraft design and development, the devil is in the details.
Built from the ground up to meet the Army's specifications for their new breed of "attack helicopter," the Cheyenne would be the clear winner as the first of the kind. But unfortunately, the Cheyenne featured a complex design that went over budget and was behind schedule.
The most interesting thing about the Cheyenne was that it was a compound design—it blended elements of both helicopters and fixed-wing planes. It had a rigid rotor system and small wings mounted on the fuselage.
The tail boom featured a conventional tail rotor to counteract the torque effect of the main rotor. But it also featured a pusher propeller, which provided thrust at high speeds.
Editorial Team The Lockheed AH-56A Cheyenne is the longest range helicopter with a flight range of 1225 miles.
The wings began producing a majority of the lift at high speeds—as much as 80 percent. This setup reduced the load on the main rotors and allowed the design to operate at speeds much higher than regular helicopters can achieve.
Other elements of this early design were similar to what we see today in attack helicopters. For example, it had tandem seating to reduce its profile and fuselage drag.
Unfortunately, the pressing conflict in Vietnam meant that the Army needed a more readily available solution to their attack helicopter problem. The Bell AH-1 Cobra fit the bill.
The Cheyenne program was canceled in 1972 after they had produced only ten prototypes. It was made obsolete by the incredible success of the Cobra and new mission requirements set by the Army. With the cancellation of the Cheyenne, the Army retooled their requirements for the future. The new program was dubbed the Advanced Attack Helicopter (AAH). This program eventually led to the creation of the Hughes AH-64 Apache.
Despite the advanced design concepts submitted by the manufacturers, the first successful attack helicopter wound up being rather conventional.
The Cobra first flew in 1965 and was operated in service in 1967. It was built from many common components of the widely-flown Bell UH-1 Iroquois, commonly called the "Huey."
Tomás Del Coro Bell UH-1Y Huey/Venom '168792'
Commonality and simplicity in design wound up being the winning factors for the Cobra, or more properly, the "Huey Cobra." Its rotor, transmission, engine, and many other components were field-swappable with the more common transport UH-1. The result was easier to produce, maintain, and fly for the armed forces already using the Huey.
manhhai U.S. Army Bell AH-1G Huey Cobra
Eventually, over 1,000 Cobras were produced. Variants included the Navy's SeaCobra and SuperCobra. The AH-1 was the Army's primary attack helicopter for several decades, and the choppers saw combat in Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, and Iraq. The Cobra was also popular with the US Marine Corps.
In the 1990s, the Cobra began being phased out and replaced by the more modern and more capable Boeing AH-64 Apache. The Cobra is still in use in several services worldwide, including the Israeli and Turkish Air Forces.
The 13 Best US Marine Corps Helicopters
14 of The Best Russian Helicopters Ever Made
Matt Claiborne
Airline Transport Pilot. Certified Flight Instructor-Airplane, Single and Multiengine Instrument
Why Are Military Helicopters Flying Over My House?
Top 10 Biggest (Military) Helicopters in the World
8 Different Types of (US) Navy Helicopters
Helicopters • Military


text:
Das Grenzwertkriterium ist ein mathematisches Konvergenzkriterium, um zu entscheiden, ob eine unendliche Reihe konvergent oder divergent ist.

Aussagen

Es seien  und  zwei unendliche Reihen mit positiven Summanden (das heißt,  und  für alle ). Dann gilt

 Ist  und konvergiert die Reihe , so konvergiert auch .
 Ist  (das ist äquivalent zu  ), so folgt analog aus der Konvergenz von  die Konvergenz von .
 Gilt zugleich , so haben  und  das gleiche Konvergenzverhalten.

Insbesondere gilt:

 Konvergiert die Folge  gegen einen Wert  mit , so konvergiert die Reihe  genau dann, wenn die Reihe  konvergiert.

Beweis
Ist , so ist  und daher  für ein geeignetes  und alle genügend großen .
Nach dem Majorantenkriterium folgt aus der Konvergenz der Reihe  die Konvergenz von .

Literatur
 Harro Heuser: Lehrbuch der Analysis. Teil 1. Vieweg + Teubner, Wiesbaden 1980, ISBN 3-519-02221-4 (17. aktualisierte Auflage. ebenda 2009, ISBN 978-3-8348-0777-9), S. 204-205
 Rinaldo B. Schinazi: From Calculus to Analysis. Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-0-8176-8289-7, S. 50
 Ed Barbeau: Fallacies, Flaws, and Flimflam. In: The College Mathematics Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2, März 2007, S. 131–134,
 Michele Longo, Vincenzo Valori: The Comparison Test: Not Just for Nonnegative Series. In: Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 79, No. 3, Juni 2006, S. 205–210 ()
 J. Marshall Ash: The Limit Comparison Test Needs Positivity. In: Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 85, No. 5, Dezember 2012, S. 374–375, doi:10.4169/math.mag.85.5.374

Weblinks
 Oswald Riemenschneider: Analysis II (PDF) Skript, Uni Hamburg, Satz 16.33

 Pauls Online Notes on Comparison Test

Folgen und Reihen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Enjoy the same level of accuracy and accountability in your accounting and financial functions that you demand on the production line and the warehouse. With Quatrro as your partner, you can focus on core competencies and strategic objectives of your business while leaving the back-office finance and accounting functions in the experienced hands of our manufacturing accounts receivable management experts.
We have accountants specialized in helping manufacturers and distributors eliminate redundancies, streamline operations and enhance revenues.


text: Solutions to the Homework Exercises of the book (3rd Edition)


ELgo ranks UK English language schools based on a unique algorithm that considers a school's quality, levels of child protection, safety of the local area, and price.
In UK education the quality of schools and colleges is checked by inspectors. Almost every school is inspected and the reports written by the inspectors are available on the internet. There are different organisations that run inspections for language centres. On ELgo we measure quality based on the information in the British Council inspection summary statements. This is the only inspection system that covers all the types of institutions that offer English language courses: language schools, state colleges, universities, boarding schools and activity centres. To be accredited, all language centres must pass a rigorous inspection in fourteen or fifteen areas. The inspectors can award a point of strength for each of these areas. The inspectors can also note a need for improvement in a particular area. All the centres on this website have had an inspection. If the inspectors find a problem, they report the schools needs re-inspection. We mark this on the centre's entry. All the centres on this website have passed inspection. We measure their quality by counting the number of strengths they have. Please see the British Council inspection statements here.
British Council inspectors award strengths in up to 15 areas e.g. staff management, student administration, publicity. The strengths awarded are listed in the summary statement on the first page of the full report, and on the separate pdf of all accredited centres.
In each of the areas, there are a number of criteria to be met. If a centre exceeds any of the criteria, a cross is placed in the Strength box for that criterion. If a centres gets 50% or more of the available strengths in the area, an overall strength is awarded for that area.
The British Council categorises the areas in four section standards. The areas do not divide equally between the section standards; there are 4 areas in Management, 2 in Resources and environment, 5 in Teaching and learning and 3 or 4 in Welfare and student services, depending whether the centre takes under 18s or not.
The UK has very strict rules on protecting children under 18. The quality of child protection is checked by inspectors. Different organisations run different inspection schemes. However, the British Council inspectors have only inspected child protection practices, including criminal record checks and safeguarding training,since 2014. To be as sure as we can that a centre is safe for children we check the results from five different organisations. To receive the top mark of five shields, a centre must have passed the inspections of at least two organisations. ELgo does not give shields to centres which do not take students under 18 years old.
The UK publishes information about crime rates for every area of Britain. At ELgo we base our safety scores on the statistics of the Global Peace Index, which measures these statistics worldwide. We have included the statistics for every destination in the UK where there is a language centre inspected by the British Council.
The prices for courses are based on telephone calls from secret shoppers, people pretending to be customers. We check this on the school's website. Prices are based on the number of 60 minute hours a students is taught. Prices for residential schools (marked with the house symbol) are fully inclusive; they cover classes, accommodation, food, activities and, for children, 24 hour care.
We check relevant information and update the website regularly.
We check the British Council's website (inspection reports and summary statements) the first Tuesday of every month. We check the ISI Educational Oversight, Ofsted, Independent Schools Inspectorate, Estyn and Education Scotland every six months. We check the Global Peace Index every year.
If you are website user who has a question about our information, please contact us at: contact@elgazette.com.
If you represent a language centre which wishes to bring to our attention new inspection reports that have been published - or indeed any other data that needs to be amended - please contact us at: contact@elgazette.com.


The Colonel is a unique combination of warehouse features, crisp white, and bright light. Two storey windows, super high glass ceilings, polished concrete; the Colonel is a fresh take on the industrial fit out. Entirely multi-functional, the space is ideal for everything from wedding, to corporate, to production.
Floor Dimensions 880.00 meters sq.


text:
Non-Credit Activities
For Credit Subjects
Post/Revise Listings
Activities by Category
Activities by Date
Activities by Sponsor
For-Credit Subjects
IAP 2017 Activities by Category - Climate
Climate Action Film Series
Tse Lang Yim, Kaylee Brent, Patrick Healy Moran
Enrollment: Unlimited: No advance sign-up
Attendance: Participants welcome at individual sessions
Every Thursday over IAP, from 7:00-9:00pm, we will be watching a different climate-related film. In the third week, the executive producer of Age of Consequences, Sophie Robinson, will host a Q&A session after the film!
1/12/17 in room 32-123:Years of Living Dangerously (selected episodes)
1/19/17 in room 4-270: Before the Flood
1/26/17 in room 32-123: Age of Consequences
2/2/17 in room 4-270: How to Let Go of the World (and love all the things climate can't change)
Sponsor(s): Fossil Free MIT
Contact: Kaylee Brent, 360-852-6604, KBRENT@MIT.EDU
Climate Action Hands On: Harnessing Science with Communities to Cut Carbon
Dave Damm-Luhr, Rajesh Kasturirangan, Britta Voss, Patrick Brown
Enrollment: Unlimited: Advance sign-up required
Sign-up by 01/18
Looking to put your skills into action to tackle climate change? Regardless of your field, this course will engage participants in the practical side of collecting data, using technical solutions to climate challenges and working with diverse community groups to accelerate progress.
Through in-class lectures and discussion, as well as a data collection field trip and a "maker"-style activity session in 10-150 at MIT , participants will get background about effective science-based community action and practice putting that knowledge into action themselves. The course will focus on approaches to applying scientific data and new technologies to climate-related research needs, community risks, and policy actions, with a particular emphasis on urban methane emissions.
Problem solvers of all backgrounds and experience levels are welcome! Just bring a passion for changing the world for the better and an eagerness to roll up your sleeves.
Register for the course at: http://bit.ly/climatex-iap17
Contact: Curt Newton, cjnewton@mit.edu
Overview of citizen science
Jan/18 Wed 01:00PM-03:30PM 4-153
Introduction to citizen/community science networks in operation, including PublicLab; future of community science and why climate science could benefit from a community approach.
Dave Damm-Luhr, Rajesh Kasturirangan, Britta Voss
Hackathon on methane leak visualization
Jan/23 Mon 09:00AM-01:00PM 10-150
Mini-hackathon on database building, app development, data collection equipment design/construction, data visualization, GIS data processing, animation/infographic design, and emissions modeling. Details on the history of natural gas infrastructure nationally and in Boston area, protocols for reporting and fixing leaks, methane monitoring methods, opportunities for community involvement.
Dave Damm-Luhr, Rajesh Kasturirangan, Nathan Phillips, Britta Voss
Sniffing out urban methane leaks
Jan/31 Tue 10:00AM-02:00PM Location TBD
Hands-on activity collecting data on real-word methane leaks from natural gas infrastructure across Cambridge.
Dave Damm-Luhr, Rajesh Kasturirangan, Britta Voss, Nathan Phillips
Putting citizen-collected data to use
Feb/01 Wed 01:00PM-03:30PM 4-153
Debrief data collection on methane gas leaks and understand the value, uses and cautions of citizen-collected data. Discuss problems of field data collection and implications and explore the policy questions for which citizen science data can be used, including the history and record of results of environmental law in practice, science as evidence in legal battles, and leveraging media attention.
Dave Damm-Luhr, Rajesh Kasturirangan, Britta Voss, Nathan Phillips, Chris Nidel
Climate Science and Policy, now more than ever!
Christoph Tries
Prereq: These sessions are not for credit
The MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change provides a fast-paced , accessible introduction to the climate system, linking the social and scientific aspects of Climate change. These sessions aim to contextualize current global and local climate policy and provide an introduction to current research in climate.
Our opening session on Monday, January 30, will be about the fundamentals of climate science, followed by a discussion that will help understand both domestic and international environmental policies in practice. The second day, we will examine how the climate system responds to both natural and human-caused forcings, and how scientists can detect and attribute observed changes in the climate system to human activity, followed by a discussion about what the influence of the United States has been in shaping global climate policy. Finally, on Thursday participants will interact in a mock of international climate negotiation and examine the outcomes in real-time.
REGISTRATION : Click here to register.
NOTE: although advance registration is not required, we encourage you to register to as many sessions as you can as they are all related. Registration will also help us get the right head count for refreshments for each session.
LINK TO ABSTRACTS: Read
(This link takes you to the long versions of abstracts)
Sponsor(s): Joint Program/Science and Policy of Global Change
Contact: Dimonika Bray, E19-411R, 617 324-7375, DBIZI@MIT.EDU
Climate Science 101:
Jan/30 Mon 05:00PM-06:00PM Bldg E51-325
Climate 101: Fundamentals of Climate Science
This lecture will begin with the history of climate science and will provide a broad overview of the physics of the climate system. The goal is to allow participants to develop a broad understanding of Earth 's climate system and understand the basic tools of climate science.
Justin Bandoro - Master's Student, School Of Science
Introduction to Economics and Policy
Introduction to Economics and Policy of Climate Change: How Will You Design a Climate Policy?
If you are a designer for climate policy, what do you think is important and how will you design a good policy? This session will introduce basic concepts in environmental economics and environmental policy. We will examine the policy options and guide the audience to think about what is important in the process.
Minghao Qiu - Master's Student
Climate Science 102
Jan/31 Tue 05:00PM-06:00PM E51-325
Climate Science 102: The Global Climate System and Climate Modeling
This lecture will build on 101 and dive into an overview of how the climate system responds to both natural and human-caused forcings, and how scientists can detect and attribute observed changes in the climate system to human activity.
International Climate Governance
International Climate Governance and the Role of the United States
First part: What is the history and institutional basis of this process of international climate governance?
Second part: What has the role of the United States been in shaping global climate policy? What are the achievements and failures of US climate policy? And most importantly, what can we expect post 2016 elections?
Arun Singh - Master's Student, TPP, Michael Davidson - PhD Student, JP - ESD
Can carbon pricing solve climate change
Feb/01 Wed 05:00PM-06:00PM E25-111
Can carbon pricing solve climate change: Lessons from climate policy efforts around the world
Why politicians and economists are diametrically opposed on the idea of carbon price, and why Secretary Hillary Clinton 's platform didn't feature a carbon price. The talk will draw on real world experience with carbon pricing to derive lessons about its potential to mitigate climate change.
Emil Dimantchev - Master's Student, JP - TPP - ESD
Embracing Uncertainty: How our society deals with not knowing and what we can do to prepare for climate change
We will look at the substantial role which uncertainty plays in our economy, politics and science. We will close out with some suggestions how to adequately adapt to climate change and how to communicate uncertainty issues to the public, and then open for a discussion with the audience.
Interactive Group Project
Feb/02 Thu 04:00PM-07:00PM E51-325
World Climate Negotiations Simulation
Participant groups will represent regions of the world with various goals for mitigation, adaptation, and economic growth, then participate in a mock international climate negotiation. The computer simulation C-ROADS will be used to examine the outcomes of the mock negotiation in real-time.
ESI Hackathon for Climate
John Fernandez, Director, Environmental Solutions Initiative
Jan/27 Fri 08:30AM-05:30PM E52 (Samberg), pre-readings will be sent to registrants
Enrollment: Limited: Advance sign-up required
Got a game-changing climate idea?
MIT Environmental Solutions Initiative and Conservation International are teaming up for this year's Hackathon for Climate, where minds from across MIT come together to brainstorm, propose, and develop nature-based solutions to climate change.
Teams can choose to problem-solve in one of three themes:
Hacking the material world: minerals and the environmental consequences of extraction, acquisition, processing and distribution
Hacking the digital world: data centers and environmental implications of the generation, storage, distribution, and consumption of digital things
Open track: for that groundbreaking idea you've been waiting to explore!
All MIT students, faculty, alumni, and staff are welcome! Lunch and coffee breaks included.
Advance registration is required - please register here: https://esi-hackathon.eventbrite.com
Sponsor(s): Environmental Solutions Initiative
Contact: Hannah Loomis, E70-1201G, 617 715-4048, HLOOMIS@MIT.EDU
Fusion energy and MIT's pathway for accelerated demonstration with high-magnetic field tokamaks
Zach Hartwig, Professor
Enrollment: Limited: First come, first served (no advance sign-up)
This talk will introduce the key concepts of producing clean, safe, and carbon-free electricity from magnetic fusion energy. It will review the present state of fusion energy research and then introduce MIT's proposed pathway to use high-field superconducting magnets to achieve fusion energy at smaller unit size, at lower cost, and on a timescale relevant to climate change.
Sponsor(s): Plasma Science and Fusion Center
Contact: Paul Rivenberg, NW16-284, 617 253-8101, RIVENBERG@PSFC.MIT.EDU
How to control the climate
David Keith, Professor of Applied Physics
Feb/02 Thu 02:00PM-03:00PM NW17-218
What tools exist, or could reasonably be developed, to directly alter the Earth's climate? What are the limits to solar geoengineering? What are the ethics might apply to the development of such tools?


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Q: Cross Site-Collection Add-in for Followed Items I'm building an Add-In that is being used to display to a user their followed documents in a responsive format. For the most part, the add-in works fine. However, for certain items, in particular "Link to Document" content types, I would like to be able to query the item directly to get further information from its other fields.
Getting the documents followed is easy enough using the SP.Social.SocialFollowingManager. However, I am tripping up on getting the item back from the document.
It is my suspicion that because the followed documents aren't necessarily in the same site collection as the app, they'll still show as followed document from the social following manager, but would be otherwise non-accessible to the add-in.
Below is mockup of the add-in (in Typescript and using Knockout):
//App.ts

const SPAppWebUrl_key = "SPAppWebUrl";
const SPHostUrl_key = "SPHostUrl";
class App {
    docs: KnockoutObservableArray<Document> = ko.observableArray([]);

    // ...

    SPHostUrl: string = "";
    AppHostUrl: string = "";
    clientContext: SP.ClientContext = null;
    HostSite: SP.AppContextSite = null;

    constructor() {
        let self = this;

        JSRequest.EnsureSetup();

        try {
            self.SPHostUrl = decodeURIComponent(JSRequest.QueryString[SPHostUrl_key]);
            self.AppHostUrl = decodeURIComponent(JSRequest.QueryString[SPAppWebUrl_key]);

            self.clientContext = SP.ClientContext.get_current();
            self.HostSite = new SP.AppContextSite(self.clientContext, self.SPHostUrl);
        }
        catch (error) {
            alert(error);
        }

        let FollowingManager: SP.Social.SocialFollowingManager = new SP.Social.SocialFollowingManager(self.clientContext);
        let actors: SP.Social.SocialActor[] = FollowingManager.getFollowed(SP.Social.SocialActorTypes.documents);
         self.clientContext.executeQueryAsync(
            (sender: any, args: SP.ClientRequestSucceededEventArgs) => {
                self.docs.push(...actors.map(actor => new Document(
                    {
                        ActorType: actor.get_actorType(),
                        Name: actor.get_name(),
                        Uri: actor.get_contentUri()
                    }, self.clientContext, self.HostSite)
                ));
            },
            (sender: any, args: SP.ClientRequestFailedEventArgs) => {
                alert('error: ' + args.get_message());
            }
        );
    };
};

For each document, the context and AppContextSite are passed in.
//Document.ts

const domainRegex: RegExp = /((?:https?:\/\/)?(?:[^\/]+))(\/.*)/i;

export default class Document {
    ActorType: string = "";
    Name: string = "";
    Uri: string = "";
    LinkToDocument: string = "none";

    constructor(followed: FollowedResult_JSON, SP_Context: SP.ClientContext, HostSite: SP.AppContextSite) {
        let self = this;

        // Invert non-TypeScript-compiled enum
        self.ActorType = getKeyByValue(<any>SP.Social.SocialActorType, followed.ActorType);
        self.Name = followed.Name;
        self.Uri = followed.Uri;

        let extension = self.Name.substr(self.Name.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
        if(extension === "aspx") {
            let docUriRelative: string = self.Uri.match(domainRegex)[2];
            let spfile: SP.File = HostSite.get_web().getFileByServerRelativeUrl(docUriRelative);
            SP_Context.load(spfile);
            SP_Context.executeQueryAsync(
                () => {
                    self.LinkToDocument = spfile.get_listItemAllFields()["URL"];
                },
                (sender: any, args: SP.ClientRequestFailedEventArgs) => {
                    alert('error in Document: ' + args.get_message());
                }
            );
        }
    };
}

interface FollowedResult_JSON {
    ActorType: SP.Social.SocialActorType,
    Name: string,
    Uri: string
}

I have managed to get something like this to work before in other add-ins, albeit they were strictly accessing an item that was in the site collection the app was installed in. In this case, this is not guaranteed, and in my test cases, these "Link To Document" documents are hitting the 'error in Document' with 'File not found'.
Is my suspicion correct in this case and am I out of luck with getting this information purely within a SharePoint Add-In, or is there something else I can do to get this information?

A: From my experience it's possible to read data across site collections from SharePoint hosted addin, but you need to adjust a few things in your deployment model.

*

*First of all you need to deploy the app into the add-catalog site and use "Deployments" option to deploy to any other particular site collection. More info here - App Deployment through "App Stapling". Please note that in that way your app will use one single app web - app web located at App Catalog site collection.

*You need to give your app Tenant Read permission (or other permissions depending on your requirements). By doing that your app becomes "admin-approved" and only admins can install it in the app catalog.

*Finally you can write something similar in your app code (JSOM also works):

function CrossDomainAccess(){
var executor = new SP.RequestExecutor(SPAppWebUrl);
var newHostWeb = "http://server/sites/your_other_sitecollection/";
var url = SPAppWebUrl + "/_api/SP.AppContextSite(@target)/web?" + "@target='" + newHostWeb + "'";

executor.executeAsync({
    url: url,
    method: "GET",
    crossDomain: true,
    headers: { "Accept": "application/json; odata=verbose" },
    success: function (data)
    {
        alert(data.body);
        // var jsonObject = JSON.parse(data.body);
    },
    error: function (data, errorCode, errorMessage)
    {
        alert(errorMessage);
    }
});}


LAHORE - The business community on Monday condemned the finance ministry for rejecting the Ogra recommendations to slash petrol and high-speed diesel prices, urging the government to reduce rates of petroleum products as they had declined in international market.
It is unfortunate that the finance minister kept the prices of petroleum products unchanged for the month of May despite the Ogra had recommended a decrease of Rs1.20 per litre in the price of MS 92 RON petrol, and Rs1.10 per litre in the price of High-Speed Diesel (HSD), they added.
LCCI former vice president Kashif Anwar opposed the government for increasing the GST on HSD from 29.5 percent to 33.5 percent and GST on Motor Spirit excluding High Octane Blended Component (HOBC) from 15.5 percent to 20 percent. In the past, the government did not pass on the full benefit of declining oil prices to the public by imposing heavy taxes, he added.
He said that it is the time to relax the duties and absorb the burden of soaring petroleum prices in international market by keeping the prices stable. In the past, government used to cut POL rates after a period of one month when prices were declining in global market but at the time of rising oil prices government is quickly responding and shifting the burden of oil price increase within 15 days, he added. He termed it a bad news for the country's economy which was already facing a number of challenges.
GCCI former president Samee Ullah Ch said that businessmen had always been calling on the concerned government circles to take measures for the promotion of alternate fuels as trade deficit was fast widening due to heavy imports under the head of petroleum products. He said that high POL prices are bound to give a further blow to the industry.
The industry is seriously concerned about the decline in exports and an increase in the trade deficit mainly due to increasing cost of doing business which has impacted export sector viability, he added.
A cut in oil prices, he said, will not reduce the government revenue as it would just be passing on what it was getting from international market. He said that by bringing down prices of petroleum products, the government would be arresting the inflation while a cut in cost of doing business would help expedite production that had nose-dived due to electricity shortage and a high cost of doing business.
FPCCI former president Mian Idrees urged the government to cut the number of taxes on petroleum products as fuel is the engine of growth and if fuel is heavily taxed, the entire economy will suffer and it happened in Pakistan as frequent increases in POL prices ruined industrial and economic activities.
He said that only because of a high cost of doing business in Pakistan, a large number of industrial units had already shifted their operation to other countries. He said the ongoing high prices of petroleum products had also hit the agriculture sector.


The University at Buffalo has received a five-year, $9 million grant from the National Science Foundation to further improve the efficiency of its homegrown supercomputer tool.
The grant will support the UB Center for Computational Research's XD Metrics on Demand, a tool that monitors the performance of NSF's supercomputers and the software programs that run on them.
The XD Metrics tool was developed beginning in 2010 following a $7.7 million federal grant to UB's CCR. The tool and an open source version is now utilized worldwide by industry, academia and government supercomputing facilities to improve performance and limit backlogged requests, according to a UB news release. The success of the program led to the new grant, which aims to improve the tool.
via UB supercomputer researchers receive $9 million federal grant – Buffalo – Buffalo Business First.


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Applications to the Pfeiffer Youth Theological Institute, a/k/a YeTI are now underway. As you may have heard and read, Pfeiffer University received a grant from the Lilly Endowment to create a summer program for high school students to help further their theological education, calling and discernment. Many of you may be familiar with the Duke Youth Academy that was established a number of years ago with help from Lilly. In 2015, Lilly made another round of awards to non-seminary colleges and universities, and Pfeiffer was blessed to be one of those schools.
Summer 2016 we will welcome twelve (12) students (rising 10th through 12th grades), In subsequent years, we will host 36 students and will have three placement sites for Week 2 of the program.
We are seeking students in the classes of 2017, 2018 and 2019.
Again, the primary purpose of the grant is to further theological discernment and exploration for high school youth, and we believe we've designed a program that will equip, challenge and grow the students who attend. We'll have daily experiential learning opportunities, classroom experiences, worship and fellowship.
Dates for the program are July 10-24, 2016. Deadline for application is May 27, 2016.
A $75 deposit is due at the time of application which is non-refundable if the applicant is selected. The total cost for the two weeks is $300, and we're hopeful that the student's faith community will be a significant contributor to the expense.
This year, students will spend a week on the Misenheimer campus engaging study and local ministry opportunities, followed by a week in Asheville working with the Missional Wisdom Foundation, http://missionalwisdom.com/academy/clarify/. We believe the program's focus on eco-stewardship, Wesleyan Theology and intentional community makes this program a unique and worthwhile opportunity.
Here is the link for more information and on-line application -- pfeiffer.edu/yeti.


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Something that I noticed when watching the reveal trailer for Silent Hills that was brilliantly hidden in P.T. was that it heavily emphasized the use of Akira Yamaoka's original Silent Hill theme. Of course, this isn't too surprising given how integral the music has been for the series, but it gave me a slight glimmer of hope that the series' original composer might be returning for the new entry. That hope has been bolstered with recent comments sent to fan-site My Silent Hill which seem to imply that Yamaoka is both open to returning and has been in discussions about it.
In case you weren't as big a follower of Japanese horror game composers as I am, Akira Yamaoka worked on the Silent Hill series since the beginning. Crafting many of the game's iconic tracks, such as Silent Hill 2's Theme of Laura, and the overall theme for the games. However, in 2009 Yamaoka left Konami and the Silent Hill series behind. This was a huge blow to fans, but it was understandable since the series was being handed out to other development studios, leading to lower overall quality. Yamaoka worked on a couple of the later entries, namely parts of Silent Hill: Book of Memories and Silent Hill: Revelation, and expressed interest in returning in a more active role, but it never seemed to happen.
With the series returning to Konami, and in a big way with legendary game developer Hideo Kojima and horror icon Guillermo del Toro at the helm it seems like Yamaoka has a better chance than ever of making a comeback. In his messages to My Silent Hill he said that "it's still undecided about it" and "sure, I's be happy to!" Obviously there were some translation issues, which the site is trying to clear up. From what was said though, it seems like Yamaoka is very interested in returning and that the decision is still being made within Konami.
With Silent Hills already feeling like a revival for the survival horror series, it would be fantastic for Yamaoka to make his triumphant return as well. Much of the series' success is owed to the subtly disturbing music contained in the early entries, and later games have suffered for not having Yamaoka's work. As with everything else Silent Hills at the moment, including release date and platforms, we'll just have to wait for more info to become available.