POVA's Board consists of its elected officers and Trustees. Every Board member is accessible to our fellow members by email. If you have any questions, concerns or issues affecting your relationship with POVA or with any member of the Board, or if you'd like to recommend additions or changes to the content of our POVA website, please use the following email address(es) to contact us. We are eager to hear from our members. Questions or other matters related to the website should be referred directly to Chad Spawr who is serving as our interim Web guru (that is a big stretch, but it is what it is!). We're always looking for ways to improve OUR website.
Mr. Spawr joined the 6th PSYOP Battalion in September 1968 upon completion of his first tour of duty in Viet-Nam. He led the planning and execution of PSYOP support to the maneuver battalions of 2d Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, and was frequently deployed to units in contact with hostile forces to provide language services as well as to use PSYOP capabilities to support American forces. He returned to the US in July 1969 and was assigned to HHC 1st PSYOP Battalion, 2d PSYOP Group. In 1970, Mr. Spawr left Psychological Operations for the US Army Intelligence Command, where he performed Counterintelligence duties for the remainder of his military service. A graduate of Michigan State University, the University of Michigan, and the Keller Graduate School of Management, he retired from a long career in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, and currently operates a private consulting practice based in Michigan.
An original Charter Member and one of POVA's original 5 founders, he has served as President on three occasions, and is a candidate for re-election for the 2018-2020 Biennium.
Mr. Dietz, a Distinguished Military Graduate of Northeastern University (Boston), was commissioned a 2LT in Military Intelligence in August 1968. He served in the Republic of Viet Nam where he commanded a Radio Research PLT and functioned as a COMSEC Officer. In 1989, Mr. Dietz joined the 7th PSYOP Group as OIC of the FD (Strategic Intelligence) section. Other assignments at 7th POG included XO, S2 and S3. In September 1994 he assumed command of the 12th PSYOP BN, a job he held until October 1998. From July 1997 to February 1998 he served as the Deputy Commander of the Joint Information Campaign Task Force, Sarajevo, Bosnia.
Mr. Hosier was assigned as a Tactical Broadcast Team Member, assigned to the 244th Co. 6th PSYOP Battalion in Vietnam. In December 1967, the 244th Co. was reconstituted as the 7th PSYOP Battalion. In March of 1968, Mr. Hosier was promoted to an Armed Propaganda Team Leader until he rotated out of Vietnam in April 1969.
Following his time in Vietnam, Mr. Hosier attended Ball State University in Muncie, IN and graduated in 1973, with degrees in Political Science & History, he also holds a degree in Logistics Finance from Emory University. He held a very successful business career in logistic spanning over 35 years, working for various Fortune 500 companies and as a Logistics Consultant.
Project Management Certified, George Washington University, WDC.
Matt served in the Army from 1986 – 1989. He served in the Operational Detachment (OPDET) A Co. 1st Psychological Operations Battalion as a 96F Psychological Operations Specialist. He was stationed at FT Bragg and served on various missions in Honduras and Panama on Loudspeaker teams. He is a Life member of POVA and currently serves as a Trustee.
Matt is a POVA Life member, and served the past two years as a Trustee. Elected as a Vice President-at-Large at the Cleveland reunion, Matt now steps into a critical role for POVA managing our membership processes, rosters, and membership documentation.
Matt's commitments to POVA, our members, and our Regiment are exemplary, and will help POVA define and long-term success.
Less than a year after he married, Howard Patrick was drafted into the United Sates Army and spent a few days under 11 months in Vietnam with the First Air Cavalry Division. After declining OCS because of the additional 10-month requirement of active duty, he was sent to NCO school, after which he was promoted to Sgt/E-5. In June of 1968, ten days after the birth of his daughter, Howard left for Vietnam and was assigned to the 1st Cav as a squad leader with a newly formed recon company, E-1-5.
While the mission of Echo Company, on paper at least, was primarily to gather information about the enemy without making direct contact, during the unit's first year of operation it had the highest kill ratio of any unit in the division. Howard earned the Combat Infantry Badge before the end of his first week in Vietnam. Shortly before Christmas, he was transferred to the 2nd Brigade's S-5 (Civil Affairs) unit as the NCOIC . In addition to participating in regular civil affairs activities, his duties also included Psyop air missions, during which he worked closely with Chad Spawr. On his last leaflet drop mission, with only weeks to go before rotating back to the states, his helicopter came under fire by VC .51 caliber machine gun fire. Even though the engine was knocked out, the pilot was able to bring the chopper down without any casualties. After his discharge, Howard went back to work as a computer technician with IBM. He has over 20 years of experience in the computer and technical training fields, going from a maintenance and repair expert on medium and large-scale main-frame computer systems to a technical instructor providing his technical knowledge and expertise to other technicians. That was followed by establishing and running two private post-secondary technical schools.
became a member of POVA and is now a POVA Life member.
Colonel Curt Boyd was born in Framingham, Massachusetts. Col. Boyd was commissioned from Norwich University as an Infantry officer in 1984. From 1985 through 1991 he held a variety of Infantry assignments, from platoon leader through company commander, serving with 3/36 Inf. in Germany and 4/325 Inf at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. In 1992, after completing training, Col. Boyd became a Psychological Operations officer and proceeded to language school in 1994 at the Defense Language Institute and graduate studies at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California before being assigned to a series of positions at the 4th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne), serving as a detachment commander, group operations officer and battalion executive officer.
In 2004, he served as the deputy director for Special Operations Proponency at USAJFKSWCS and later was assigned as the assistant chief of staff, G3, United States Army Civil Affairs and Psychological Operations Command. From the summer of 2007 to 2009, Col. Boyd commanded the 4th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne). Prior to his retirement, COL Boyd served as Chief of Staff, USAJFKSWCS.
His civilian education includes a bachelor's in interdisciplinary studies from Norwich University and a master's in national security affairs from the Naval Postgraduate School's special operations and low-intensity conflict curriculum. From August 2005 to June 2006, Boyd completed a fellowship at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government.
Col. Boyd's awards and decorations include the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal with oak leaf cluster, Defense Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, the Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, Combat Infantryman Badge, Expert Infantryman Badge, Master Parachutist Badge with bronze star, Pathfinder Badge and the Ranger Tab.
Col. Boyd is married to the former Carolyn Sage from Ashland, Massachusetts. They have two children.
Ilya Nemtsov enlisted in the Army Reserves in 2002 and was assigned to 2POG HHC in Parma, Ohio as Information Technology Specialist (MOS 74B). In 2005 after graduating from Cleveland State University with Degree in Business Administrations Management Information's Systems and completing ROTC program he received his commission as 2LT in Signal Corps. After completing Signal Officer Basic Corse (25A), served as 2ndPOG Group S6.
In 2009 he was deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and served as S6 for 16th Psychological Operations Battalion – Psychological Operations Task Force – POTF, Baghdad, Iraq. Upon his return from Iraq in 2010 and completion of Signal Captains Career Course he was reassigned back to 2POG HHC.
In 2012 he graduated from PSYOP Officer Qualification Course and shortly after deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom to Afghanistan where he served as a Radio Chief for Combined Joined Psychological Operations Task Force – CJPOTF, ISAF- Kabul, AFG. Upon his return he was assigned to 13th POB - 350th Tactical PSYOP Company, Twinsburg, OH as PSYOP Product Development Detachment OIC. During his time with 350th TPC, he participated and served as PSYOP SME in multiple EUCOM/NATO Exercises that include: Exercise Rapid Trident - 2015 in Ukraine, JMRC - Operation Allied Spirit IV - 2016 in Germany and Exercise Saber Guardian - 2016 in Romania. In 2017 he was assigned back to 2POG and served as Group S5 – FUOPS Officer.
Currently, MAJ Nemtsov is assigned to 13th POB - 319th Tactical PSYOP Company, Arden Hills, MN as Company Commander. He works for Progressive Insurance as a Senior IT Systems Engineer, married, has one child and live in Willoughby, Ohio.
Brett joined the 18th PSYOP CO (TAC)(DS) of the 10th PSYOP BN when he enlisted at 17 years old and served as a 96F & 37F in propaganda development through 1994, also spending time in the 307th POC before returning to the 18th now designated as the 318th. Brett actively supported deployment of Desert Shield/Desert Storm team members and operations during the war. He is a lifetime member of POVA, a member of the PRA, Old Crows and Sons of the American Revolution. Brett is the current President of the Gateway Chapter, the first Chapter in POVA history.
Brett has worked for The Boeing Company since 2008 and is currently the cybersecurity technical lead for the optimal enterprise integration effort. He has worked in cybersecurity and risk mitigation for over 18 years. Brett holds several professional certifications including Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP), Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) and Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer: Security (MCSE). Brett has been identified by CompTia as a Subject Matter Expert in Information Security and serves on the CompTia Senior Technical Advisory Council. Brett is also an adjunct instructor at St. Louis University teaching cybersecurity courses.
As an active member of his community, he was elected to public office in 2006 and 2009 for the Bayless School District Board of Education and served as the President of the Board of Education. Brett also participates in several volunteer roles including President of the Association of the United States Army (AUSA) - St. Louis Gateway Chapter, member of the Veteran's Administration Gateway Community Veteran Engagement Board, member of the Leadership Team for the Meramec Valley Community Emergency Response Team, Ground Team member of the Eureka Fire Search and Rescue Team and the past Chair of the Affton Community Betterment Association. Brett is a member of the Fontbonne University Council of Regents and also serves on the advisory Boards of both Defender's Gateway and the Warrior Transition Network. He has recently been appointed as the new Army Reserve Ambassador for the state of Missouri.
Rod is one of POVA's Charter Members, joining in 1988 and a continuing member ever since. He was assigned to the 6th Psychological Battalion based in Bien Hoa from July 1969 to July 1970. I was what was called a "Flyer", meaning I flew PSYOPS missions with the AIr Force and dropped leaflets and played pre-recorded messages on loud speakers. These missions were over III Corps and IV Corps. During my time with the 6th Bn, I was sent to the field to work PSYOPS with the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment based in Quan Loi, RVN. During this time I performed helicopter missions as well as land operations to various villages in the area. Upon my return to the States, I resumed my career in radio broadcasting at several radio stations around the country. I have been a News Director in Boston, Philadelphia, Tampa and Denver. I presently am a News Anchor at WBZ radio in Boston.
SSG Gudets Joined the Army Reserve in 2000 and attended Basic Training at Ft. Benning Georgia and followed on to Ft. Jackson for AIT as a Heavy Wheel Vehicle Mechanic and subsequently the Vehicle Recovery Specialist Course. He then assumed his assignment with the 300TH Postal Unit out of Homewood Illinois.
In 2003 he was reassigned to the 416th Engineer Command for Operation Iraqi Freedom and was selected to move forward for ongoing operations as a Senior Mechanic. In late 2003 he was reassigned to B Co. 863rd Engineer (Vertical) where he was assigned as the Senior Mechanic until being reassigned to HSC 411TH EN BN (Combat Heavy) and was assigned as a Technical Inspector and Senior Lead Mechanic.
In 2005 he requested assignment to HSC 16TH Psyop BN as a Lead Mechanic for HSC during this time he attended Warrior Leadership Course at Camp Ashland, Nebraska. In 2006 he later deployed and was assigned to Special Troops Battalion V Corp under MNCI-IRAQ as a Quality Control/Quality Assurance NCO.
For the past 19 years he has served the Army Reserve and 20 years as a Journeyman Diesel Mechanic in the Beverage Industry.
Mr Hobbs commenced his Psychological Operations career in 1999 after completion of the PSYOP Qualification Course when he joined the 9th PSYOP Battalion (Tactical)(Airborne), 4th PSYOP Group (Airborne). Here he served as Tactical and Product Development Detachment Commanders in Company B; and deployed TPD 940 to Kosovo in 1999. In 2000, Mr Hobbs served as the Non-Lethal Effects Branch Chief, Brigade Coordination Cell, US Army Training and Doctrine Command's Transformation Task Force designing the Stryker BCTs. Returning to FT Bragg in 2002, Mr Hobbs served a short stint as the 8th PSYOP Battalion XO before moving to 4th PSYOP Group S3, and then Group XO. In 2004 he worked PSYOP Regiment transformation as G8 PSYOP Force Development Strategic Planner, USACAPOC.
In 2005, COL Hobbs served in the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) as the Division PSYOP Officer and as Battalion Commander, 2nd Brigade Special Troops Battalion, 2nd Brigade Combat Team & 502nd Infantry Regiment, deploying twice to Iraq.
Post command, Mr Hobbs managed the careers of over 1,100 Officers as the Chief, Civil Affairs and PSYOP Branches. As a PSYOP Officer he served a joint tour as USSOUTHCOM's Director, J39 Information Operations Division and Joint Cyber Center. Mr Hobbs culminated his Army career as the PSYOP Regiment's 2nd Commandant, USAJFKSWCS.
Manny Salazar enlisted in the Army Reserves at only 17 years old. Shortly after graduating high school, he transferred to the Active Duty ranks and was assigned to the 2nd ID in the Republic of Korea. It was during this tour in Korea that he saw his first international incident and associated turmoil "up close", with the death of the founder of North Korea, Kim Il-Sung.
Manny later served in the 24th ID, the 1st AD – where he was a member of the first units to support the implementation of the Dayton Accord in Bosnia and moved on to the 82nd Airborne Division for 5 years, in which the events of 9/11 and the Division's initial deployments to Afghanistan occurred. Joining the ranks of PSYOP later in his career, Manny completed the PSYOP pipeline in October 2005 and was assigned to the 8th Psychological Operations Battalion at Fort Bragg.
Manny was fortunate enough witness major historical events and to be deployed with exceptional units during this time, including the Task Force which brought an end to Abu Musab al Zarqawi in Iraq, and another Special Operations Command, where he was working out of the U.S. Embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan, during the Osama Bin Laden raid.
During the 10 years that Manny served in A Co. 8th POB as a Detachment / Operations Sergeant, he deployed multiple times to Iraq, Pakistan, Qatar, and various CENTCOM nations in support of U.S. and international objectives in Yemen. Shorter TDY trips also allowed him to briefly serve in Europe and Africa. During the 4th PSYOP Group split, which allowed for the formation of the 8th PSYOP Group, as well as the short lived "MISOC", Manny served as the first Group S-3 Operations Sergeant Major for 4th PSYOP Group, during that period of realignment.
Manny retired from the Army in October 2016 after serving 25 years, and continues to reside in the Raleigh, North Carolina area. Manny has started his own small business and is currently working on producing an independent documentary film. During the filming, Manny completed a solo motorcycle trip around the United States and met with people and businesses along the way in an effort to increase unity in the United States and help bridge the military – civilian cultural gap.
Timothy Ruiz joined the Army Reserve while in college in Idaho in 1984. After training he moved to the 19th Special Forces National Guard in Utah serving with the signal detachment at Camp Williams.
In 1986 he transferred to active duty and was assigned to the 176th Signal Company at Fort Lewis, WA, E Co, 67th Signal BN in Bremerhaven, Germany was his next assignment then back to Fort Lewis with signal support to 1st Special Forces Group, Signal Detachment.
In 1991 he reclassed into PSYOP and was sent to Fort Bragg for training and assignment to 9th PSYOP BN, 4th PSYOP Group, 1st PSYOP BN and a tour at the Special Warfare Training Group. His next assignment was in 2003 to SOCSOUTH in Puerto Rico and the move to Miami. 301st PSYOP Company in San Diego in 2006.
His last assignment was 2009 as Battalion Operations and Training Sergeant with 5th BN, 95th Training Regiment in Lubbock, TX before retiring back to Georgia in October, 2010.
In October of 1965, I was drafted into the United States Army. I took my basic training at Fort Dix, New Jersey. Upon completion of Basic Training I was assigned to 2D Psychological Operations Group, HHC 13th Psychological Operations Battalion, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, as an offset printing pressman. In July of 1966, I received orders for deployment to Vietnam and was assigned to 26th Psychological Detachment. The detachment arrived via troopship in August and was assigned to the 6th Psychological Operations Battalion, 245th Company in Nha Trang. In November of 1966, the detachment was transferred to 6th Psychological Operations Battalion Headquarters in Saigon. My job was to print and produce leaflets. I eventually was promoted the rank of Specialist Fifth Class. In August of 1967, after serving my time in the Army, I was Honorably Discharged.
Upon my return to civilian life I eventually started a career in Law Enforcement. I was appointed to the Suffolk County Police Department in Suffolk County, New York. During my thirty years with the Police Department I was a Uniform Patrol Officer, Plainclothes Officer, and eventually promoted to Detective. After retiring from The Police department I worked twelve years as a part time Code Enforcement Officer for the Village of Bellport, New York.
I am Lifetime member of POVA and been a member since 1993. I have held the positions of Trustee, Vice President, and President. I was elected President in 2008 and held the position until 2016. I am currently a Trustee.
Hammond Salley, a military BRAT, attended the University of Florida where he received an Army ROTC commission in the Infantry. During the next 21 years he had assignments throughout the United States, two tours in Germany and two tours in Vietnam. Hammond has served in Armored, Airborne and Mechanized Infantry Divisions as well as in Special Operations units. He is Airborne, Ranger and Special Forces qualified.
In 1967 he was the assistant S-3 of the 6th PSYOP Battalion when it became the 4th PSYOP Group and was in Saigon when the TET Offensive commenced. He was shortly reassigned to the Special Operations unit known as MACVSOG and sent to Forward Operations Base-3 (FOB-3) colocated at the Khe Sanh Combat Base during the siege of Khe Sanh. On his second tour in Vietnam, he was assigned to 24th Corps as the Deputy G-5 for PSYOP.
After returning to CONUS, and after serving as the S-3 of the 1st Bn, 508th Infantry, 82nd Airborne Division, he was brought to the Division Staff as the Deputy G-5 for Civil / Military Operations.
After retiring from the Army, he started a second 20 year career as an aerospace analyst / project manager for McDonnell Douglas / Boeing. His initial assignment was on the design team for the C-17 troop / cargo transport aircraft. His later focus was on development of classified future defense related projects for Boeing's 'Phantom Works'. In keeping with the family military tradition, his son Russell is an Air Force Academy graduate and his son Robert is a West Point graduate.
Tim Wallace is a 5th generation Army veteran who served as an illustrator with 1st POB from 1987-1991. During his enlistment he was deployed throughout Central and South America in support of numorious missions during the Cold War, Drug War, and Panama Invasion. !n 1990 he was assigned to 9th POB as part of the leaflet campaign during Desert Shield and Desert Storm.
After military service Tim went back to college to earn a teaching degree from Temple University, and taught art in the public schools in Hershey Pennsylvania until he retired in 2012.
Currently Tim resides on the farm he grew up on in Linglestown Pennsylvania. His vision and mission is to use his farm as a 501C3 non profit that supports area food banks with fresh produce for military families and veterans at risk for hunger in South Central Pennylvania. It is also the future goal for his farm to be a place where veterans who are struggling both physically and emotionally can find support, peace, and healing by serving others.
In addition to non-profit farming he is still publishing his art work, and is currently working on several graphic novels about "military service, going to war, and coming home".
which chronicles the history and accomplishments of Psychological Operations (PSYOP) and Psychological Warfare (PSYWAR).
Ed has published several articles on the subject of PSYOP, and has been cited as an expert source on the subject of psychological operations/warfare by television, magazine and newspaper media. He has been interview by C-SPAN, The Discovery Channel, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, and National Public Radio. He has also worked with MSNBC, CNN, ABC, CBS, assisting them in their research and providing background material for the development of news stories on the subject of Psychological Operations/Warfare. Ed has also worked with writers from US News and World Report, N.Y. Times, USA Today, The Atlanta Constitution & Journal, The Dallas Morning News, The Weekly Standard, Palm Beach Post, Wired and Icon Magazines in their development of articles on the subject of PSYOP/PSYWAR. He also worked very closely with the Documedia Group in their development of a documentary on Psychological Warfare for the History Channel's "Sworn to Secrecy" Series.
Ed served multiple tours with the 4th Psychological Operations Group, (Airborne). His assignments included, Psychological Operations Officer, Assistant S1 and later S1 (Adjutant), 1st Psychological Operations Battalion (Airborne), Assistant S3 and later S3 (Plans and Operations) for the 1st Psychological Operations Battalion (Airborne), Chief, Plans, Programs and Force Development (PPFD) Officer and later S1/Adjutant for the 4th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne) during Operation Desert Storm.
Ed also served as a Special Forces Project Officer with the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School where he was part of a team that developed course material for use in the Special Forces Qualifications Course. Additional stateside assignments were with XVIII Airborne Corps, the 24th Infantry Division, and Army Material Command.
Sergeant Major Herbert A. Friedman (Ret.) was discharged in 1995 after 26 years of honorable service. He has held numerous positions in the military, holds three military occupational specialties, several special skills identifiers, and is an honor graduate of the United States Army Sergeants Major Academy at Ft. Bliss, Texas. He has 22 military awards and decorations and has graduated numerous military courses, including the Senior Battle Staff Course, the First Sergeant's Course, The Military Instructor Course and Psychological Operations.
Since retirement he has been awarded New York State's most prestigious military medal, the Conspicuous Service Cross. He has also been awarded the Town of Hempstead's Veterans Medal for his dedication "for the betterment of his brethren," Nassau County's highest decoration, the Executive's Distinguished Service to Veterans Award, and the Nassau County Firefighters Veterans Medal of Valor.
He has served as the mid-Atlantic spokesman to the press for the Psychological Operations Veterans Association (POVA), and the PSYOP history editor of the Psychological Operations Association (POA) journal Perspectives. He was the American representative of the international PSYWAR Society. He has written over 200 articles on the subject of PSYOP and has been the expert source in close to a dozen published books published around the world.
He has been interviewed on Japanese television, ITN, and on the American news show Extra. He has appeared on both the British and Canadian Broadcasting Corporations (BBC and CBC) and worked with the authors of articles in the New York Times, USA Today, and other American and foreign newspapers. He has been interviewed by the BBC Program Today, their world news program Newsday, their program Witness and their world broadcast program the History Hour, and Newshour. His interviews on psychological warfare have appeared in Cabinet Magazine, Icon, Print Magazine, the Psychologist, Good Magazine, Psychological Operations [Iran]and Défense & Sécurité Internationale [France].
He has guest-lectured on the history of PSYOP to both the United States Army enlisted and officer's psychological operations training students at Ft. Bragg, NC. SGM Friedman constantly researches and writes about psychological operations. He currently has over one hundred and sixty articles published on various sites on the Internet such as Psywarrior.com and Psywar.org. He is always willing to lend his expertise to any project on that subject.


text:
A control track is a track that runs along an outside edge of a standard analog videotape (including VHS). The control track encodes a series of pulses, each pulse corresponding to the beginning of each frame.  This allows the video tape player to synchronize its scan speed and tape speed to the speed of the recording.  Thus, the recorded control track defines the speed of playback (e.g. SP, LP, EP, etc.), and it is also what drives the relative counter clock that most VCRs have.

Significance and use
The control track is used to fine-tune the tape speed during playback, so that the high speed rotating heads remained exactly on their helical tracks rather than somewhere between two adjacent tracks (known as "tracking"). Since good tracking depends on precise distances between the rotating drum and the fixed control/audio head reading the linear tracks, which usually varies by a couple of micrometers between machines due to manufacturing tolerances, most VCRs offer tracking adjustment, either manual or automatic, to correct such mismatches.

The control track is also used to hold index marks, which were normally written at the beginning of each recording session, and can be found using the VCR's index search function: this will fast-wind forward or backward to the nth specified index mark, and resume playback from there. At times, higher-end VCRs provided functions for the user to manually add and remove these marks — so that, for example, they coincide with the actual start of the television program — but this feature later became hard to find.

By the late 1990s, some high-end VCRs offered more sophisticated indexing. For example, Panasonic's Tape Library system assigned an ID number to each cassette, and logged recording information (channel, date, time and optional program title entered by the user) both on the cassette and in the VCR's memory for up to 900 recordings (600 with titles).

Control track damage
A gap in the control track signal of a videotape usually causes a flaw during playback, as the player may lose tracking as soon as the track drops out.  This usually leads to a gap in video and audio (since there's no information as to what speed the media is recorded at), the VCR's counter will freeze, and upon re-acquiring the control track, the video sync will be momentarily lost.

Problems with control track signals are almost always caused by a gap in recording, e.g. a recording was resumed beyond (rather than at) the point where recording was previously stopped.  A control track error can also be caused by a "dropout" — a defect in the magnetic particles on a tape — but this is uncommon, as the control track is immune to all but the most severe tape damage.

A discontinuous control track was (and still is) especially problematic for analog videotape editing.  Each gap in the control track, no matter how brief, destroys synchronization and continuity, which can make a segment of a recorded video difficult or impossible to use for editing.

The acronym LOCT (pronounced locked), used by many video professionals, can mean "Loss Of Control Track" and/or "Loss Of Continuous Timecode."  Though either type of "loss" can pose similar problems, and both issues are sometimes directly related, control track and timecode are two different things (see timecode).

Control track problems cannot be "repaired."  You can duplicate the tape to restore control track continuity, but this will not fix visual and audible "glitches" caused by gaps in the original control track, and the video itself will suffer quality degradation due to "generation loss."

For this reason, many video professionals would "pre-stripe" every analog videotape to be used in the field or studio beforehand to help ensure good control track throughout.  This was done by pre-recording black to the entire videotape.  Pre-striping also facilitated spot-checking for dropouts on the video portion of the tape (usually seen as brief white horizontal "dashes") before use.

Gallery

See also
 CTL timecode

References

Television technology
VHS
Synchronization

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sibling Discount: There is a tuition discount when more than one child from a family is enrolled in our program. A 10% discount will be given to each sibling after the oldest child's tuition.
We are here to support parents and children.
We offer small class sizes and a child friendly atmosphere!
When you register with us, your child will receive a new MDO backpack at Open House!
Look for our free date nights and events throughout the year!
Children in Funny Frogs, and Pre-K classes must be fully toilet trained. Children who depend on disposable training pants are not considered toilet trained.
Toilet training is not required for children in the Lambs, Bunnies and Turtles classes. Click here for Toilet Training Tips!
If a class is full, a non-refundable wait list fee of $40 will secure placement on the waiting list. This fee takes the place of your supply fee should a spot become available.


« Attacking Individuals With Disabilities is, Indeed, the Lowest Display of Power, Imaginable!
Withdraw Consent Because Statism is Really Just a Cult!
Imagine if we just all, at the same time, stopped participating in the country, period. Or even if we didn't stop total participation. What if we all cut off our cable on the same day? What if we all did something to affect the monetary structure at the same time. It worked with the bus boycotts.
Rayn: Withdraw Consent! Statism Is A Cult!
Tagged Actor, Cult, cultish, cultism, good idea, Isaiah Washington, non-participation, opt out, police brutality, refuse, state, statism, Statist, withdraw consent. Bookmark the permalink.


Barnes-Jewish Hospital has the latest laboratory equipment utilizing automation and our qualified staff to provide efficient, accurate and reliable service for patients.
Please note that our draw locations only accept patients who have been referred for testing by their physicians to Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Our locations do not draw blood for outside testing locations.
If you need immediate assistance, please call laboratory customer service at 314.362.1470.
You may need special preparation prior to your visit such as fasting, avoiding certain foods or stopping the use of tobacco products. Please check your patient instructions from your referring physician for more details.
Hours: 8 a.m. – 4:15 p.m.
Hours: 6 a.m. – 2 p.m.


A 1-bowl vegan gluten-free vanilla cake that's perfectly tender, fluffy, and sweet! Delicious frosted or unfrosted and SO easy to make! 10 ingredients and 1 bowl required.
Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (176 C) and lightly grease two standard 8-inch round cake pans, one 9×13-inch, or three 6-inch round pans (with vegan butter or coconut oil) and dust with gluten-free flour. Shake out excess and set aside.
FROSTING: Add softened butter to a large mixing bowl and beat for 1 minute. Then add vanilla and mix once more. Gradually add sifted powdered sugar 1 cup at a time and beat until a thick, spreadable frosting is formed. I found about 3 1/2 cups to be the appropriate amount.
*Nutrition information is a rough estimate for 1 of 10 pieces without frosting calculated with the salt.


text:
Posted On : Jul 17, 2019 Published By : Edith Wharton
Summer None
Title: Summer
Author: Edith Wharton
Summer : Edith Wharton
Edith Wharton 229 Edith Wharton
Title: Summer : Edith Wharton
Posted by:Edith Wharton
About "Edith Wharton"
Edith Newbold Jones was born into such wealth and privilege that her family inspired the phrase keeping up with the Joneses The youngest of three children, Edith spent her early years touring Europe with her parents and, upon the family s return to the United States, enjoyed a privileged childhood in New York and Newport, Rhode Island Edith s creativity and talent soon became obvious By the age of eighteen she had written a novella, as well as witty reviews of it and published poetry in the Atlantic Monthly.After a failed engagement, Edith married a wealthy sportsman, Edward Wharton Despite similar backgrounds and a shared taste for travel, the marriage was not a success Many of Wharton s novels chronicle unhappy marriages, in which the demands of love and vocation often conflict with the expectations of society Wharton s first major novel, The House of Mirth, published in 1905, enjoyed considerable literary success Ethan Frome appeared six years later, solidifying Wharton s reputation as an important novelist Often in the company of her close friend, Henry James, Wharton mingled with some of the most famous writers and artists of the day, including F Scott Fitzgerald, Andr Gide, Sinclair Lewis, Jean Cocteau, and Jack London.In 1913 Edith divorced Edward She lived mostly in France for the remainder of her life When World War I broke out, she organized hostels for refugees, worked as a fund raiser, and wrote for American publications from battlefield frontlines She was awarded the French Legion of Honor for her courage and distinguished work.The Age of Innocence, a novel about New York in the 1870s, earned Wharton the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1921 the first time the award had been bestowed upon a woman Wharton traveled throughout Europe to encourage young authors She also continued to write, lying in her bed every morning, as she had always done, dropping each newly penned page on the floor to be collected and arranged when she was finished Wharton suffered a stroke and died on August 11, 1937 She is buried in the American Cemetery in Versailles, France Barnesandnoble
105 thoughts on "Summer"
this book is touted as "edith wharton's most erotic book". the introduction blabs on and on about its eroticism, and how scandalous it is. so i have devised a little drinking game. i invite you - i entreat you - to prepare a shot glass with your favorite scotch or whiskey, and do a shot every time you start feeling a little hot from all the sexy good times. i pretty much guarantee that shot glass will be untouched by the end of your readings. this book is not erotic, even in the broadest, most m [...]
Phrynne
Written in Wharton's inimitable style the prose in this novella is of course beautiful. Every word and phrase lends itself to defining summer in a small country town. It makes for beautiful reading.Charity is not a likeable character but I still felt sorry for her. It was apparent from the outset that life would probably not go well for her, especially in one of Edith Wharton's novels which are not famous for happy endings. The ending was pretty inevitable although it could have been worse.For a [...]
The summer version of Ethan Frome, but not quite as good.
❀Julie
This was another great read by Edith Wharton. Although not as favored as Ethan Frome which it has been compared to, I loved it for the similarities of the complex characters and relationships. This one was a sad sort of coming of age story but more profound than a simple summer romance, and far from formulaic. Apparently this was written based on Edith Wharton's own love affair which made it even more interesting and left me wanting to read more about her personal life. Definitely recommended fo [...]
I am so in love with the writing of Edith Wharton. It makes me feel foolish to have had such a writer in full view and passed her over for so many years in favor of lesser ones.Edith Wharton's Summer is a different kind of novel than the others of hers that I have read, but not one bit less rich and enthralling. The main character, Charity Royall, is unsure of her place in society, raised in the home of one of the most prominent men in a small town but always made aware that she comes "from the [...]
Charity Royall. I loved her, hated her, sympathized with her, and cried for her.She's a young woman at age 19, bored with her life in a small New England town. Adopted by Lawyer Royall at a young age, she was saved from a life of poverty on the "mountain". One would think she would have been grateful, but not Charity. She hates Mr. Royall for what she sees as her imprisonment in small town drudgery, and also for his proposal of marriage. Enter Lucius Harney, sophisticated man about town; a young [...]
Gabrielle Dubois
Summer is not my first Edith Wharton novel and I remember having already enjoyed, many years ago, The House of Mirth.The French edition in which I read Summer, had no preface or postface, only a backcover text, saying: This is a novel that treats the female sexuality, seen as a powerful and constructive vital force. This novel was very modern for the time, 1918. So I approached this novel, the way I like to: without notice, without knowing the story or having read any review. A direct dive into [...]
If you're looking for accessible classics, Edith Wharton's novellas are a good place to start. Although I preferred Ethan Frome over this book, both of these novellas resonated more strongly with me than Wharton's more popular novels (The House of Mirth and The Age of Innocence).As in "Frome", "Summer" is set in a small New England town and centers around the complex relationships of just a few main characters. For me, this is where Wharton is at the top of her game. Love is never easy or straig [...]
Melki
Summer lovin', had me a blastSummer lovin', happened so fast*This one immediately made the jump onto my Characters I Want to Slap shelf when I was introduced to Charity Royall, a bored teen who is fortunate enough to have a job in a library, but she HATES it! (SLAP!) Charity is basically at the age when she hates EVERYTHING, particularly the older man who has rescued her from an uncertain fate up on the Mountain, and the gossipy, small town where she currently resides . . we all live in the same [...]
As much as I am fond of Edith Wharton's work, every time she writes about them poor peoples, I am weary. Her Ethan Frome, describing woes of some peasants, wasn't authentic or credible enough, IMO, and neither is Summer.The main character in this novella, Charity Royall, was "brought down from the Mountains" in infancy and raised by a big wig lawyer in a tiny town of North Dormer. Charity is smart, albeit not particularly educated, and holds a very peculiar position in town. She is too good for [...]
BAM The Bibliomaniac
Gotta love a book about a library!Very short novel. I think I finished it in about 6 hours? A story of what it means to have pride and hopes only to have them crash and burn. I related to Charity, I regret to say. I hope it's not a spoiler to say to you that I became pregnant at the age of 17, which completely changed my life, my goals, my outlook. I was rooting for Charity. I was really hoping she wouldn't make certain decisions that, because of where she lived, how she was reared, the times, s [...]
Intensely creepy and sordid. Although the novel's main plot is the romance between Charity Royall and her handsome young beau Lucius, I couldn't get past the whole incest thing (view spoiler)[(Charity ends up marrying her guardian, an alcoholic withered up older man - the man who raised herwho once called her a whore in public) (hide spoiler)]. There's also some extreme poverty herein which is almost painful to read about (much worse than in Ethan Frome - I'm talking some near animalistic mounta [...]
Book Concierge
3.5***When she was a young child, Charity Royall was rescued from "the Mountain" by Lawyer Royall, who is now her guardian. Now she's eighteen, feeling bored in the small town of North Dormer, and itching to spread her wings. When she meets Lucius Harney, an architect from the city who is visiting his cousin, her eyes are opened to possibilities she hasn't dared dream about. Their mutual attraction garners some unwanted attention and results in gossip that Charity ignores until it is too [...]
Laura Leilani
I was going to give 4 stars but the ending deserves an extra star. Reading about the way of life in a small town in the very early 1900's is like reading about a different planet. Charity was brought down from the mountain people to be raised in town. The mountain people are almost like animals- think Deliverance. The town is average for a small town of the time: no shops; no theaters; just some houses and a church. It's so hard to think of people living this way! Charity works part time in the [...]
Sherien
…She had always thought of love as something confused and furtive, and he made it as bright and open as the summer air…This is a story about a young girl from a very low social status who lives in a dull, dreary, 'sunless' world and does not have many options to alter that situation. This goes on until one summer a man enters her life, turns her world up side down, and sparks some light of hope of happiness. Will her relationship with this man finally bring a brighter light to her dark world [...]
I was told this book was dirty, and well, to be fair, I was told it was dirty "for Wharton," which I suppose is true as far as it goes, but still: oblique references to illicit trysts aren't exactly begging for the fap when you fade out after they hold hands. Remind me this though: next time I'm sitting next to a leathery woman from Lowell on the bus and she's all "Hey, what are YOU reading?" and I say "Edith Wharton" and she mishears me and thinks I said "It's for work," and gives me a lecture [...]
Edith Wharton once again manages to draw me into one of her stories - a relatively simple novella, where much is at stake for the main character, Charity, who seems to be a mix of other of Wharton's heroines (she's feisty, opinionated and isolated). There is a lot to stand in a young woman's way: There are the opinions of other people, as in Wharton's New York based novels, and there is the bleak, forbidding countryside (or mountain, in this one) as in Ethan Frome. Above all, there are s [...]
Do you ever find yourself giving something good a lower rating than something sort of formulaic and meh because the latter is fine for what it is, but the former is on a different scale with all the other Edith Whartons and you know that she can do better?
I'm really kicking myself for not having written this review sooner, because I seriously forgot pretty much everything about this bookwhich in itself is probably a sign that I found it so-so. Earlier this year I had the pleasure of reading Wharton's The Age of Innocence, which I completely loved, but Summer was so different that I had to keep checking the cover to make sure I was really reading an Edith Wharton novel. Where The Age of Innocence was all glitz and glamour, Summer was a very subdue [...]
Marialyce
Edith Wharton was certainly a lady who could put words to a page that could definitely propel a reader quickly through a book. It was certainly true with this novel. Simply stated and told, it is a novel of the awakening of a young, unsure, woman, Charity, who seems held back in attitude by her questionable roots. Born to an unwed mother in a mountain community of dirt and squalor, she is rescued by the Royall family after her father is convicted of manslaughter. Raised within this household, Ch [...]
Liina Bachmann
I have yet failed to read anything less than 4 stars from Wharton and this is no exception. For most people "Summer" is about first love, sexual awakening and the constraints society put upon women during the era the book was written. For me altogether different tones resonated in this short novel. Despite the lush New England summer being the setting the novel was claustrophobic. Charity leads a life in a small village and an attempts to escape it. She also questions her own place in society as [...]
As always, Wharton shows a brilliant ability to observe and articulate the strange little nuances of human motivation and behavior. Additionally, this story paints a fascinating picture in which time and place are superimposed onto each other: the stages of Charity Royall's life are tied to different parts of regional geography that, while physically close together, appear to be worlds apart. And the season of summer becomes a microcosm for life itself, from birth to maturation to death.This isn [...]
This is a book about a girl's sexual awakening and the pure pleasure she derives from it. Of course, there are consequences involved, especially since this is a poor girl near the bottom of the social ladder in a small western New England town. Summer is very different from The House of Mirth or The Age of Innocence where sex was either avoided, unfulfilled or occured offstage. This book deals with both sexuality and class distinction and touches on incest as well. While these topics are openly [...]
Alejandro Orradre
Descubrí la novela Estío por casualidad, mientras buscaba una versión de bolsillo de otra obra muy conocida de Edith Wharton -nada más y nada menos que La edad de la inocencia-, entre las novedades de una librería escondida en las callejuelas de la Barcelona más desconocida.La novela parecía responder en parte a cómo fue descubierta: unos parajes inhóspitos, una época pasada el libro deambula por esos parajes al tiempo que nos descubre a una protagonista, Charity, que vive atrapada en [...]
An intensely sad story about a naive young girl who follows her heart and suffers the consequences. Charity Royall lives in a country village and longs for something to happen in her life. (view spoiler)[She is sweet but not totally innocent, aware of her power as a woman and not afraid to exercise it with the guardian who took her in as a child and who has long wanted her as his wife. Charity is 18 the summer Lucius Harney comes to town, and the two become lovers. But there will be no marriage, [...]
Elizabeth (Alaska)
Such a short, sad tale.Charity Royall was "brought down from the mountain" into a town at the edges of civilization, northwestern Massachusetts I believe. But the household seems not to have been a loving one. The Summer of the title Charity is about 18 years old. She is uneducated and unsophisticated and very very lonely.Wharton writes of Charity so that I felt great empathy for her. Charity yearns for love and life as do most young women, but her hope in achieving it is small. Summer brings a [...]
Narges
A classic, what can I say, a woman betrayed by a man and saved by another man as usual. But it wasn't a boring read. I'm not very impressed by it, it was a three star
Dov Zeller
Lots of plot elements revealed here about Adam Bede and Summer. I am far behind in my reviews, partly because GR has been so slow for me that it is barely manageable; partly because I feel overwhelmed by the distance between the reviews I want to write and the reviews I have it in me right now to write. Today GR is working a little faster (don't get me wrong, I still have to wait a good twenty seconds for a page to load). I am going to try to write something rather than nothing.Some folks see Su [...]
Captain Sir Roddy, R.N. (Ret.)
Edith Wharton's novella, Summer (1917), while still very Ethan Frome-ish, is the antithesis of the frosty and wintry characters and landscape of Ethan Frome. Summer is charged with an erotic undercurrent that runs through it. The novella starts in the Spring with young Charity Royall daydreaming in a meadow full of wildflowers, buzzing insects, birds singing, and the sap coursing through the branches of the trees with new leaves unfurling. Her world has just emerged from the cold grip of winter, [...]
Jenny Blounts
I loved this book so much more than I thought I would! It has all of the compelling romance and drama that one would expect from a short novella about the sexual coming-of-age of a young woman in a small New England town and, admittedly, that's what kept me turning the pages. However, Wharton is no writer of silly, frivolous romances. The story of Charity Royall is also one of complex class structures, gender limitations, the discovery of one's identity, and missed opportunities. Charity Royall, [...]
Operation Breakout
Simpson's Sheep Just Want to Sleep!
Saito Mokichi jisen kasyu Asa no hotaru
L'oeil D'or Claude Mellan, 1598 1688: Bibliothèqu...
Comes a Horseman
Albert: Killer In The Woods
Jump Girl
The Summer of Alyssa (Ameliorae Amovis #1)
Someone Else's Daughter
The Bellamy Bird
Unexpected Love
Theme: Rara-Academic by Edith Wharton

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The people chose her or him. No military uniform but the stain of blood evidences whose side he fights for. No uniform however the prayers of millions evidences who persons support. So rare a niche that any people march behind its main hero as he goes to war in solo. He invades an international land. Together with pugilistic three-headed beasts. War was announced. As their warrior clenches his fists, the army's headcount behind him stands for the hundred thousands.
But the man is one of the most notable, quotable fighter extant. Sometimes he engages mouth before brain, sure, but he is not an "I do my talking regarding ring" carried.
Muhammad Ali was simply like controversial and bold as he was talented in the ring. He caused a stir when due to his conversion to Islam and his belief in civil rights, he refused the draft and as being a result his boxing license was suspended briefly. However, this never took apart from his illustrious career. Ali was the first boxer to earn any heavyweight title three times when.


text:
POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND DEMOCRACTIC PROCESS IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF RIVERS STATE)
Format: MS WORD :: Chapters: 1-5 :: Pages: 73 :: Attributes: Questionnaire, Data Analysis, Abstract :: 868 people found this useful
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria in the recent decades has been in the news for very ugly reason of the unprecedented political violence which has occurred in different parts of the country but with specific dominance in the northern parts of Nigeria. The latest of such violent scenarios was the Tuesday May 7, 2013 mass murder of nearly one hundred security operatives in Nasarawa state, North Central Nigeria, by a suspected armed local secret sect known in local parlance as "Ombatse" (meaning we have arrived) cult group (Onwubiko 2013). Politicians recruited, trained and empowered local secret sect to harass, intimidate and victimize perceived political opponents and opposing views against their political ambition. This culture of violence has not only been imbibed and sustained as part of the country's political behaviour since independence it has been one of the potent causes of the low participation of Nigerians in politics and other social activities. Adeyemi and Adeyemi (2003) express concern over the situation of politics in Nigeria, when they observed that during the ward congress of the PDP, an intra-party affair, many politicians went to the congress venue armed with assault rifles and acid containers for possible use on opponents. These politicians employed local secret sect to compel innocent people to vote against their wishes. The party agents at the polling booths are openly threatened to compromise, and INEC officials were forced to do what they would not have done ordinarily.
Political violence negates peaceful coexistence, law and order. In addition to security concerns, it militates against the consolidation of democracy and social coexistence. This in turn impact on the social and economic well being of the nation and creates imbalances in social relations (Howell, 2004). Political violence brings complex set of events such as poverty, ethnic or religious grievances which affect the social relationship of the people in the society. Marx, (1968) posits that violence, particularly political violence, represents a disturbance movement to the political equilibrium and peaceful co-existence of the system.
It is apposite to state that political violence is the hallmarks of weakly institutionalize politics. The starkest manifestation of such violence is armed conflict in the form of civil war. Though elections which are supposed to be a significant pillar in the democratic process of a country with the twin principles of political participation and accountability is precisely in the greatest and most notable violations of the occurrence of this principles. Everyone wants to win, and nobody wants to lose. It is obvious that for any political critic to say anything considered 'negative' about any political office holder, he should be ready to bear the risk of being molested. According to Adekanye in (Alfa & Otaida, 2012), an objective review of the Nigerian political journey would reveal that political violence has been part and parcel of the country's history. What is however new are the metamorphoses of the violence; which is now in shapes, magnitude and consequences? No country can develop in an atmosphere of rancor and acrimony. Nigeria would have been one of the leading economics of the world but its movement has been anticlockwise due largely to the fact that monumental resources are channeled into security votes, conflict resolution and reconstruction as a result of perennial political violence: since political power is the major source of wealth in Nigeria, the contest for political office is always a 'do or die' affair (Ake, 1981 & Tenuche, 2011 in Alfa & Otaida, 2012)
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Political violence has become a household name in Nigeria causing unrest in the political economy and socio economic development in Nigeria. Alubo (2011) asserts that the refugee problems that accompany these disturbances also have implications for attainment of target in, and access to social development such as education, reduction in maternal mortality and childhood deaths as well as other aspects of productive health. Indeed, the mass rape of the female population in the areas engulfs by violence fuels the spread of HIV/AIDS which is already a high prevalence and regarded as a social problem in Nigeria. Furthermore, the continued eruptions of political violence have implications for national peace and security, and thereby threaten the dissolution of the country Nigeria. It was reported in December 2001, that, over eighty major political violence have been recorded in various parts of the country in twelve years of civilian rule (Alubo, 2006). Political violence impact negatively in many forms of development such as the inability for people to interact with one another creates unhealthy child growth. More so, during political violence a lot of people abandon their ethnic, cultural values, religion or traditions to pledge allegiance to new, artificial and unproven states. This unfortunate, states have plugged people into deeper crisis, poor interaction resulting to fierce elimination of people. The phenomenon is used extreme, repressive measures that have threatened the rule of law, personal freedoms and human rights. Political violence is a determinant of armed conflict, complex interplay of ideology, quest for power by competing groups, specific in the country and international conditions.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of the research work is to examine political violence and democratic process in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study are:
to determine the relationship between political violence and democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria
to determine the effect of political violence on democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria
to determine the causes of political violence in Rivers State Nigeria
to investigate the factors influencing democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria
The study came up with research questions to ascertain the above stated objectives of the study. The following research questions guide the objectives of the study:
What is the relationship between political violence and democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria?
What is the effect of political violence on democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria?
What are the causes of political violence in Rivers State Nigeria?
What are the factors influencing democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria?
1.5 STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS
H0: there is no significant relationship between political violence and democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria
H1: there is significant relationship between political violence and democratic process in Rivers State Nigeria
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study on political violence and democratic process in Nigeria will be of immense benefit to the Rivers State political economy of Nigeria. The study will explore political violence, the causes of political violence and education stake holders and decision makers in Nigeria on how to control the political violence. The findings of the study will ascertain the correlation between political violence and democratic process in Nigeria. The study will also serve as a repository of information to other researchers that desire to carry out similar research on the above topic. Finally the study will contribute to the body of the existing literature on political violence and democratic process in Nigeria.
The study will focus on political violence and democratic process in Nigeria
Conceptualizing Political Violence
Violence is defined as "the illegitimate and unauthorized use of force to effect decisions against the will or desires of other people in the society"(Wolf, 1969). According to Gurr (1970), political violence refers to all collective attacks within a political community against the political regime, its actors including competing political groups as well as incumbents or its policies. From the foregoing, one can observe that there is a correlative relationship between the two concepts. As a matter of fact, they are complementary. The end-product of political violence is thuggery. Violence is the means through which thugs achieve their aims.
Attribute: Questionnaire, Data Analysis, Abstract
© 2022 UniProjectMaterials - POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND DEMOCRACTIC PROCESS IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF RIVERS STATE) | UniProjectMaterials | Terms of use


text:
How does the Milky Way get its gas?
by Nathan Goldbaum | May 19, 2012 | Daily Paper Summaries | 2 comments
Title: Gas Accretion is Dominated by Warm Ionized Gas in Milky Way-Mass Galaxies at z~0
Authors: M. Ryan Joung, Mary E. Putnam, Greg L. Bryan, Ximena Fernández, and J. E. G. Peek
First Author's Institution: Department of Astronomy, Columbia University
For a long time the Milky Way and other galaxies were thought of as island universes – totally isolated systems of gas, dust, and stars that cannot be perturbed by outside forces. While interacting galaxies provide a violent counterpoint to this point of view, even lines of evidence from our own Galaxy imply that the Milky Way is not as isolated as once thought. Given the Milky Way's star formation rate of about one solar mass per year, the gas content of the Galaxy is puzzlingly small: only 109 solar masses. If one assumes that the Milky Way will continue to form stars at one solar mass per year, this implies that the Galaxy should run out of gas in about a billion years – a relatively short timescale compared to the age of the universe. In fact, observations of stars with known trigonometric distances in the Hipparcos catalogue imply that the Milky Way has been steadily forming about one solar mass of stars per year for the past several billion years. Either we happen to be living in the epoch when the Milky Way is about to run out of gas or the Milky Way must still be accreting a significant amount of gas from the intergalactic medium.
Figure 1: The differential distribution of gas in the halo of the simulated galaxy as a function of the radial velocity of the gas.
But where is this gas? While there is a large reservoir of gas in the high-velocity clouds of atomic hydrogen in the Milky Way's halo, it turns out that they can only supply about 0.1 solar mass per year of gas: not enough to keep the Milky Way well fed for the foreseeable future. It may be that hot x-ray emitting gas can cool onto the disk – but the time for this cooling process to occur is longer than the age of the universe, implying that hot gas cannot efficiently feed the Milky Way. While the known gas in the Milky Way's halo cannot supply enough gas to fuel star formation, what about the gas we haven't observed yet? There may be a significant undetected reservoir of 'warm' ~105 K gas. This gas is particularly challenging to detect since it should be largely diffuse and ionized – not dense enough to produce appreciable emission in recombination lines like Hα and not hot enough to emit in X-rays.
This brings us to today's astrobite: an analysis of a simulated Milky Way in which the gas supply mostly consists of warm gas with a temperature of a few times 105 K. Using a high-resolution cosmological simulation of the formation of a Milky Way mass halo that was evolved all the way to redshift zero – an extremely computationally intensive task – the authors perform a detailed analysis of the gas in the halo of the galaxy. The halo – defined as a spherical region with a radius of 250 kpc centered on the dense gas in the disk of the galaxy – contains significant quantities of cold, warm, and hot gas. Since the authors focus on the halo gas, they remove a cylinder containing the Galaxy's disk from the analysis and work in the frame of the dense gas at the center of the halo to directly measure the relative motion of gas with respect to the Galaxy.
The main result of this analysis is shown in Figure 1 above. Here, the authors plot the mass in gas that is falling in or escaping from the galaxy as a function of the radial velocity of the gas. Gas with a negative radial velocity is infalling gas that will eventually accrete onto the central galaxy. Gas with a positive radial velocity is outflowing gas launched from the sites of supernova explosions. The black curve corresponds to all of the gas in the galaxy halo, while the red, yellow, and blue curves correspond to hot, intermediate, and cool gas, respectively. The gray curve shows the negligible contribution from gas in infalling satellite galaxies. Clearly, gas at intermediate temperatures dominates the infalling gas with Vr < 0. However, this analysis only shows that gas at intermediate temperatures dominates the inflowing gas, not that there is a net accretion of warm gas.
Figure 2: The mass accretion rate as a function of radius for all of the gas (top), only the heavy elements (middle), and for atomic and ionized hydrogen only (bottom).
Thankfully, it is relatively straightforward to estimate the mass accretion rate at a given radius by calculating the flux of matter through spherical shells surrounding the galaxy. At any given point on the surface of a sphere surrounding the galaxy the gas may have a net positive or negative velocity. By doing a mass weighted sum of all of the gas at a given radius, the authors calculate the mass flux through the shell. It's straightforward to generalize this calculation to a large number of shells and the results of this new analysis are shown at right where the mass accretion rate is plotted as a function of the radius of the spherical shell under consideration. At top, the authors plot the accretion rate for all gas as well as the accretion rate for different temperature bins. A positive mass accretion corresponds to new inflow of gas at that radius while a negative accretion rate corresponds to net outflow of gas at a given radius. As in Figure 1, red corresponds to hot gas, yellow to warm gas, and blue to cool gas. Clearly, gas at intermediate temperatures dominates the accretion at almost all radii, with a significant contribution from a satellite galaxy at 60 kpc and hot gas from 20 to 40 kpc. The middle panel is also quite interesting – showing that the metal content of the halo is outflowing at almost all radii and that the most of the metals live in hot x-ray emitting gas. This gas was probably launched in supernova explosions.
This new simulation shows that the mystery of the Milky Way's gas supply may not be so mysterious after all: it is extremely difficult to detect warm ~105 K gas. In the future we may be able to directly detect this gas using sensitive observations of far ultraviolet emission lines of Oxygen and Carbon but these observations must be done from space and probably require a telescope with a much larger mirror than Hubble's. We may have a better chance of detecting this gas today with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on HST by finding a sightline toward a bright background source that shows absorption in the same FUV emission lines. Unfortunately, this may prove to be difficult: the authors estimate that the warm infalling gas only covers 20% of the sky implying that finding a sightline for studies of this gas may be difficult.
About Nathan Goldbaum
Nathan is a third year graduate student in Astrophysics at UCSC. His interests include the local ISM, molecular clouds, and the role of star formation in galactic evolution.
The mass assembly of Milky Way-like galaxies Nature versus nurture in the growth of galaxies The Densest Galaxy Discovered Feeding on the Cosmic Web
tony foley	on May 21, 2012 at 5:32 am
What about looking for free-free emission or (assuming some magnetic fields) Faraday rotation effects for this ionized gas at 10^5 K
Nathan Goldbaum	on May 23, 2012 at 11:12 pm
It's funny you mention that since there's a paper on the arxiv today that uses just such emission, along with measurements of O VII absorption to probe similar gas with T ~ 10^6 K.
How the other half spins: probing the huge gas cloud around the Milky Way | astrobites - […] suspected it's there for quite some while because some simple galactic arithmetic doesn't add up. Our galaxy forms […]
AAS star formation theory cosmology astronomical methods AGN Milky Way observations Kepler binary stars astronomy simulations radio astronomy supernovae habitability galaxies protoplanetary disks planetary science planet formation stellar evolution stars galaxy evolution spectroscopy transits solar system black holes gravitational waves dark matter astrophysics exoplanets


text:
Remax-Beyond 177 West Main Street, Smithtown, NY 11787 | Fair Housing Notice
Nissequogue
Click Here for Nissequogue Properties
Although visitors to Nissequogue are impressed by its country lanes traversing the wooded and pastoral landscapes, many people do not realize that the Village is a peninsula surrounded by three different bodies of water. The Nissequogue River forms the boundary on the west side of the Village. This is a great place for canoeing or kayaking. However, be careful of the changing tides or you will fight a losing battle trying to row against the strong currents. The river runs to the north and empties into Long Island Sound. The Sound is the northern boundary of the Village and home to two of the town beaches, Long Beach and Short Beach. Both beaches offer white sand, concession stands and parking for residents of the Town of Smithtown. There is also a boat ramp and marina located on Stony Brook Harbor across from Long Beach. It is this beautiful and bucolic harbor that forms the eastern border. Together these three diverse water ways act as natural buffers to the Village and add to its splendor.
Name Phone #
Smithtown Public School District 631-382-2012
St. James Elementary School 631-382-4305
Nesaquake Elementary School 631-382-5105
Smithtown H.S. East 631-382-2705
St. Phllips and James 631-584-7896
Harbor Country Day School 631-584-5555
Knox School 631-686-1650
Name Address Phone # Style
Bagel Paradise Café 418 Route 25A, St. James, NY 11780 631-584-8153 Bagels, Sandwiches
Del Fuego 429 North Country Rd, St. James, NY 11780 631-963-6900 Tex/Mex
Kitchen A Trattoria 532 North Country Road, St. James, NY 11780 631-584-3518 Italian
Mosaic 418 N Country Rd, St. James, NY 11780 631-584-2058 International
Patio Pizza 262 Lake Avenue, St. James, NY 11780 631-302-5065 Pizza
Rocco's Pizza & Pasta 429 Route 25A, St. James, NY 11780 631-862-1600 Pizza & Pasta
Spezia 645 Middle Country Rd., St. James, NY 11780 631-265-9228 Italian
Tic Toc Café 410 Lake Avenue, St. James, NY 11780 631-862-2233 Breakfast/Lunch
Villa Sorrento 832 Middle Country Road, St. James, NY 11780 631-265-9865 Italian
Vintage Steak House 433 Route 25A, St. James, NY 11780 631-862-6440 Steakhouse
Voila! The Bistro 244 Lake Avenue, St. James, NY 11780 631-584-5686 French
Zar Café 413 Lake Avenue, St. James, NY 11780 631-862-4444 Middle eastern
eldridgeteamsells
Smithtown, New York
Unsubscribe from mailer
| Home Page |
On this site we encourage you to explore the vast array of homes that we feature. Our properties are divided into two sections; one dealing with " New Home Construction", and the other, "Gallery of Homes" lists all resales in the area. Here you will also find a list of our exclusive properties.
The Eldridge Team is a team of experienced real estate professionals. Our " About Us" section provides information about each of the team members.
Remax-Beyond | Eldridge 2014, all rights reserved


text:
THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck photo
More than 1,500 forestry workers vote to strike if needed in Northern B.C.
Union representing 1,629 forestry workers in northern and central B.C. supports strike mandate
Melanie Law
Aug. 13, 2018 11:12 a.m.
United Steelworkers Local 1-2017, which represents more than 1,500 forestry workers in B.C., has voted in support of a strike.
Union president Brian O'Rourke says 1,629 members voted, with 1,509 in support.
"This represents 93 per cent overall strike mandate for our bargaining committee. Committee members will be meeting within the next week. We will also be discussing dates with the Employer Association to return to the bargaining table for meaningful negotiations," says O'Rourke.
The strike mandate is for operations affiliated with the Council of Northern Interior Forest Industry Relations (CONIFER), which includes operations in Houston, Burns Lake, Fort St. James, Prince George, Mackenzie, Fort St. John, Quesnel and Williams Lake. Operations affected include divisions of Canfor, Conifex, Dunkley Lumber, Lakeland Mills, Tolko Industries and West Fraser Mills, among others.
"This is to try to negotiate a new collective agreement. We broke talks July 23, and asked members to give us a strike mandate," says O'Rourke.
"We will sit down this week and will be notifying CONIFER to set up dates to negotiate."
The collective agreement includes wages and benefits, and is the union's main agreement. The previous agreement expired June 30, 2018.
editor@quesnelobserver.com
B.C. waits to add 'craft cannabis' to its retail system
70% of B.C. residents support using red-light cameras to snag speeders: survey


H. L. Hix was a finalist for the National Book Award for his poetry collection Chromatic (Etruscan, 2006). His recent work includes Lines of Inquiry (Etruscan, 2011). His poetry has been recognized with the Grolier Prize, the T. S. Eliot Prize, the Peregrine Smith Award, and an NEA fellowship. He teaches in the University of Wyoming's creative writing program.


Gordon Woods is a small, exclusive community of very expensive homes in Mississauga, nestled just off of Hurontario Street, north of the QEW highway. Originally built for the doctors working at what is now Trillium Hospital, Gordon Woods has perhaps the most breathtaking, extensive tree canopy in all of Mississauga, and perhaps in all of the Greater Toronto Area. Ranch bungalows were originally built on massive, forested lots, with long, winding driveways offering the ultimate in privacy and seclusion. Today these lots are highly sought after, and new estate homes of palatial proportions are replacing many of the original houses.
Gordon Woods homes are found on only a handful of streets, and are easy to miss unless you know where you are going. Exiting west off Hurontario on Harborn Road, there is an immediate transformation from the bustle of downtown Mississauga, to a tranquil setting of tall trees, narrow streets, and magnificent properties.
Streets in Gordon Woods include Harborn Road, Harborn Trail, Gordon Drive, Autumn Breeze Drive, Parker Drive, Grange Drive, and Isabella Avenue. Several of the north-south streets are blocked midway, providing an additional barrier to traffic. The forest canopy in Gordon Woods often covers the entire road, and it seems just unbelievable that you are in the heart of Mississauga. Locals often refer to their neighbourhood as "Muskoka in the City", and it is easy to see why ('Muskoka' is a renowned parkland area of forests and lakes, situated north of Toronto).
Several builders have been active in Gordon Woods, and today you will find an impressive assortment of offerings, with chateau grade estate properties for sale featuring every imaginable luxury.
Of the 11 properties sold, 8 were two storey homes, and 3 were bungalows.
It seems that most people who are lucky enough to live in a home in Gordon Woods are reluctant to leave! And who can blame them. Augmenting the amazing forest canopy, oversize lots, and incredible properties, is the central location of this area. Commuting time to Square One Shopping Centre is about 7 or 8 minutes by car, to Trillium Hospital maybe 2 minutes. The QEW highway is only steps away, although in the forest, you cannot hear it. There are two GO Train stations which service the area: Cooksville on the Milton Line, and Port Credit on the Lakeshore Line.
We hope that you have enjoyed our short overview and photo tour of Gordon Woods homes, where you can find some of the finest and most expensive luxury homes in Mississauga. Our tour today completes part 3 of our ongoing series on the luxury neighbourhoods in the City of Mississauga.
Interested in the luxury homes of Gordon Woods? Have a look below at the active listings in this magnificent neighbourhood.
Browse the homes for sale, and if you would like more information, you can reach us here: Gordon Woods real estate.


text:
Children's rights in student voice projects: where does the power lie?
This paper aims to develop understandings around the factors which both facilitate and constrain implementation of Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989; UN General Assembly Resolution 44/25) in student voice projects. Article 12 is concerned with children being given the right to express their views freely, and for their views to be given due weight in matters affecting them. The paper considers empirical evidence from student voice projects in two schools in the south of England. Through examining the complex, micro-processes of school practices which came into play during the projects, it is argued that the power imbalance in student-teacher relationships plays a significant role in terms of inhibiting and enabling the implementation of Article 12. The paper draws on the work of Freire, Giroux and Foucault to help develop an understanding of the power differentials within student-teacher relationships.
Education Inquiry
Childnre's rights
Power and participation
students as researchers
Children_s_rights_in_student_voice_proejcts_where_does_the_power_lie_2011
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Children's rights in student voice projects: where does the power lie?'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
children's rights Social Sciences
student teacher Social Sciences
UN General Assembly Social Sciences
convention on the rights of the child Social Sciences
UNO Social Sciences
evidence Social Sciences
ROBINSON, CAROL. (2011). Children's rights in student voice projects: where does the power lie? Education Inquiry, 2(3), 437-451.
ROBINSON, CAROL. / Children's rights in student voice projects : where does the power lie?. In: Education Inquiry. 2011 ; Vol. 2, No. 3. pp. 437-451.
@article{19f1d86b4afb4353adcca8160977ea4b,
title = "Children's rights in student voice projects: where does the power lie?",
abstract = "This paper aims to develop understandings around the factors which both facilitate and constrain implementation of Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989; UN General Assembly Resolution 44/25) in student voice projects. Article 12 is concerned with children being given the right to express their views freely, and for their views to be given due weight in matters affecting them. The paper considers empirical evidence from student voice projects in two schools in the south of England. Through examining the complex, micro-processes of school practices which came into play during the projects, it is argued that the power imbalance in student-teacher relationships plays a significant role in terms of inhibiting and enabling the implementation of Article 12. The paper draws on the work of Freire, Giroux and Foucault to help develop an understanding of the power differentials within student-teacher relationships.",
keywords = "Childnre's rights, Student voice, Power and participation, students as researchers",
author = "CAROL ROBINSON",
journal = "Education Inquiry",
ROBINSON, CAROL 2011, 'Children's rights in student voice projects: where does the power lie?', Education Inquiry, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 437-451.
Children's rights in student voice projects : where does the power lie? / ROBINSON, CAROL.
In: Education Inquiry, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2011, p. 437-451.
T1 - Children's rights in student voice projects
T2 - where does the power lie?
N2 - This paper aims to develop understandings around the factors which both facilitate and constrain implementation of Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989; UN General Assembly Resolution 44/25) in student voice projects. Article 12 is concerned with children being given the right to express their views freely, and for their views to be given due weight in matters affecting them. The paper considers empirical evidence from student voice projects in two schools in the south of England. Through examining the complex, micro-processes of school practices which came into play during the projects, it is argued that the power imbalance in student-teacher relationships plays a significant role in terms of inhibiting and enabling the implementation of Article 12. The paper draws on the work of Freire, Giroux and Foucault to help develop an understanding of the power differentials within student-teacher relationships.
AB - This paper aims to develop understandings around the factors which both facilitate and constrain implementation of Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989; UN General Assembly Resolution 44/25) in student voice projects. Article 12 is concerned with children being given the right to express their views freely, and for their views to be given due weight in matters affecting them. The paper considers empirical evidence from student voice projects in two schools in the south of England. Through examining the complex, micro-processes of school practices which came into play during the projects, it is argued that the power imbalance in student-teacher relationships plays a significant role in terms of inhibiting and enabling the implementation of Article 12. The paper draws on the work of Freire, Giroux and Foucault to help develop an understanding of the power differentials within student-teacher relationships.
KW - Childnre's rights
KW - Student voice
KW - Power and participation
KW - students as researchers
JO - Education Inquiry
JF - Education Inquiry
ROBINSON CAROL. Children's rights in student voice projects: where does the power lie? Education Inquiry. 2011;2(3):437-451.


text:
Johan Reindert (Jo) Pessink (Deventer, 6 mei 1928 – Nijverdal, 28 oktober 1998) was een Nederlandse schilder, beeldhouwer en graficus.

Leven en werk
Jo Pessink ontving zijn opleiding aan de Arnhemse Academie Kunstoefening en studeerde aansluitend aan het Nationaal Hoger Instituut voor Schone Kunsten in Antwerpen. Hij was een leerling van de schilder Hendrik Valk en de graficus Mark Severin. In 1958 won hij de Gerard ter Borchprijs en in 1959 de Gulden Adelaar, de culturele prijs van de gemeente Deventer.

Pessink was van 1963 tot 1989 docent aan de Academie voor Kunst en Industrie (AKI) in Enschede. Een mede door Pessink georganiseerde overzichtstentoonstelling vond postuum plaats als Hommage aan Jo Pessink (1928-1998) in Galerie am Bergkerk in Deventer. Hij is vooral bekend geworden door zijn werk als lithograaf.

Werk (selectie)
 Scherftegelmozaïek (1958), hoofdkantoor Thomassen & Drijver-Verblifa aan de Zutphenseweg in Deventer
 Scherftegelmozaïek (1962), Carolus Clusius College, Kamperweg 1 in Zwolle
 Sculptuur (1971), Ludgerstraat 1 in Deventer
 Abstracte sculptuur (ca. 1975), Wijkcentrum De Schalm, De Dreef in Deventer
 Golven (1978/79), Aa-landen in Zwolle
 Fontein/sculptuur (1979, CT-gebouw Universiteit Twente in Enschede
 Speelobjekt (1979), Marskant/Willemstraat in Hengelo
 zonder titel (1984), Sloetsweg/Dennebosweg in Hengelo
 tele-kommunikatie - reliëf, Prinses Beatrixstraat (postkantoor) in Hengelo
 Morenen (9-delig) (1986), Bursestraat in Deventer

Literatuur
 Gé Tol: Sporen. Jo Pessink (1928-1998). Tentoonstellingscatalogus Bergkerk Deventer (1998)

Zie ook
Lijst van Nederlandse beeldhouwers

Nederlands beeldhouwer
Nederlands kunstschilder
Nederlands graficus


text:
Q: Differences JQuery 1.4.2 → 1.4.3 Enough to break good old image gallery † after exaclty six attempts begging the original auhtor of an image popup javascript code to make his script compatible with the newer JQuery libraries, all six in vain, I decided its time for me to fix it without him the seventh attempt, and salvage this otherwise perfectly working (after numerous customisations by me) image popup script.

Problem: works when JQuery 1.3.2 ~ 1.4.2 is loaded, but NOT when JQuery 1.4.3 ~ 1.5.1 is loaded. On new builds, images don't enlarge after click on the thumbnails, whereas on the old builds, the do!

Any suggesion/help is kindly welcome and appreciated by me highly. Thanks!
The problem lies somehwere here:
//display content
var displayContent = function(img) {
    if (visible) {
        var newImg = jQuery.extend(true, {}, img);
        resizeImg(newImg);

        var imgWidth = newImg.width;
        var imgHeight = newImg.height;
        var outerWidth = imgWidth + hBound;
        var outerHeight = imgHeight + vBound;

        $lightbox.stop(true).animate({width:imgWidth, height:(imgHeight + cpHeight),
        left: Math.round(($(window).width() - outerWidth)/2),
        top:Math.round(($(window).height() - outerHeight)/2)},
        tranSpeed,
        function() {
            enableCtrl();
            $innerBox.height(imgHeight);
            $info.html(langArrows + "  " + langImage + " " + (currIndex+1) + "/" + numItems);
            $cpanel.css({top:imgHeight, display:"block"});
            $mainImg.css({width:imgWidth, height:imgHeight})
            .attr("src", newImg.src).animate({opacity:1}, tranSpeed, startTimer);
            showDesc();
        }
        );
    }
}

A: On line 336 add .show()  to the end of the chain. While LekisS was on to the right answer, if you add it there, its not properly hidden so the next time you click the image you will see the image display as its thumbnail size for a brief second.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: what is the result of pointer of a type & valiable I am trying to understand a code. But I could not understand the last line?
What is the result of *(uint8_t*)&b[8]=?
typedef uint8_t a;
uint8_t *b = new uint8_t[100];
RPC_flags_t c;
c=0U;
*((a*)&(b[8]))=c;

A: It take the address of b[8], cast it to a pointer to type a, and then assign the content of c to the memory it points to.

A: It is an obfuscation of b[8] = c;

*

*&(b[8]) is b + 8 (or the address of b[8])

*(a*)&(b[8]) is a cast to a* so uint8_t* which is already the type of b + 8, so it is equivalent to &(b[8])

**((a*)&(b[8])) is *&(b[8]) so b[8].


It's easy to forget some basic fire safety precautions. Check out our tips to reduce the risk of a home fire.
The Bronson Battle Creek Wound Healing Center & Hyperbaric Medicine team offers specialized treatment and care for those living with chronic wounds.
It's flu season and that means an increased risk of spreading germs everywhere you go. To protect yourself and others, follow these simple tips.
Did you know that smoking is the most preventable cause of premature death in the United States? Check out these eight tips to help you kick the habit for good.
According to the American Heart Association, heart disease and stroke are the number one causes of death and disability among people with type 2 diabetes. To reduce your risks, you can make some simple lifestyle adjustments.
Understanding your blood pressure may be the most important thing you can do to protect your heart and your overall health.


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>trashday.ui.speechAssets (Alexa Trash Day 1.0 API)</title>
<meta name="date" content="2017-02-22">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../stylesheet.css" title="Style">

JavaScript is disabled on your browser.

Skip navigation links

Overview

Package

Class

Use

Tree

Deprecated

Index

Help

Prev Package

Next Package

Frames

No Frames

All Classes

Package trashday.ui.speechAssets

Provides the intent schema and sample utterances required
 to implement the Alexa voice user interface.

See: Description

Package trashday.ui.speechAssets Description

Provides the intent schema and sample utterances required
 to implement the Alexa voice user interface.  The application
 uses the Intent and Slot names from these files to determine
 the actions to perform for the user.

Author:

J. Todd Baldwin

See Also:

Alexa Skills Kit Docs: Defining the Voice Interface

Skip navigation links

Overview

Package

Class

Use

Tree

Deprecated

Index

Help

Prev Package

Next Package

Frames

No Frames

All Classes

Copyright © 2017. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Tomáš Slovák (born 9 December 1979) is a Czech male canoeist who won 14 medals at senior level at the Wildwater Canoeing World Championships.

Medals at the World Championships
Senior

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Czech male canoeists
Sportspeople from Opava


WHEN TO WEAR: This adorable everyday athleisure cap is perfect to wear while doing light exercises such as walking, jogging, cycling, frolfing and golfing. This cap is also ideal for attending sporting events, sunbathing at a beach, pool, or lake. Also, fun for boating, camping, music festivals, bomb fires, summer camp, lounging, outdoor events and baseball games to name a few.
GREAT QUALITY: 60% cotton, 40% polyester. Super soft on the inside and out.


FSU's Sportsmanship monument is located in Strum Plaza at Doak Campbell Stadium. It depicts two football players, one towering over the other offering a helping hand to his fallen rival. Sportsmanship embodies the personification of every individual across all athletic disciplines. This epic shot of Florida State Seminoles Sportsmanship looks great on canvas, wood or as a photo print.


England's largest national park is a sublime mixture of lakes, forests and fells. Here England's highest mountain, Scafell Pike, her longest lake, Windermere, and her deepest lake, Wastwater, vie for attention with a multitude of dramatic landscapes. The larger lakes, each with its own special character, radiate out from a central point and there are hundreds of smaller lakes, or tarns.
This is a paradise for rock climbers and walkers of all abilities. The lakes offer cruises and a multitude of watersports. Here too are Roman remains, stone circles, historic houses, and intimate associations with William Wordsworth and Beatrix Potter.
Explore our hand-picked collections to find the perfect hotel and Guest House in Lake District National Park.
Explore our hand-picked collections to find the perfect holiday cottage in Lake District National Park.
There are countless ways to explore the diverse Lakeland landscape. Visitors can walk or cycle on breathtaking trails, hop on guided sightseeing tours, cruise England's most beautiful lakes.
The Lake District contains more than 6,000 archaeological sites and ancient monuments plus over 1,700 listed buildings and structures, historic houses and gardens.
Said to be the UK's adventure capital, with activities to suit all ages, interests and abilities. It is a mecca for rock climbers, mountain bikers and watersports enthusiasts.
The Lake District is globally renowned for its abundant fresh produce, from line-caught fish to Herdwick lamb and Cumberland sausages. Among many gourmet restaurants, cake country cafe's and local produce to buy and take home.


text:
Book Review: Hammer Complete: The Films, the Personnel, the Company
Home | Film Review: Union Furnace (2015)
Film Review: Union Furnace (2015)
Dan Kappa 09/13/2015	Uncategorized
A petty car thief in a small Southern Ohio town gets involved in an underground game of life and death.
Every great story has an arc, a journey that at least one of its characters experience, ensuring that their lives, outlooks or perspectives are different to when the film began. Even if it's not shoved into your face, this is true for most films you watch and known or unknown to you, is what makes you, as the viewer, enjoy a film. Without this journey a film simply meanders through its runtime, never moving ahead with actually story or growth, but simply existing. Such is the issue with Union Furnace, a bleak and dull movie that merely exists amongst a slew of films with a similar plot and a far superior execution of it.
Cody is a petty crook trying to make an honest living stealing cars. He crosses paths with a peculiar gentleman known only as Lion, who promises Cody untold wealth if he is willing to take part in a "special" event. Cody owes money to many people so the chance of winning big is more than enough to lure Cody into this underground realm.
Cody and a number of other "contestants" find themselves at the mercy of numerous masked people betting on the contestants who have to partake in various games that increase in severity and macabreiness as the rounds progress. Those who come last are dispatched by the highest bidder. As the contestants dwindle down to only a few, Cody must dig deep to make it to the finals. Does he have what it takes?
"That was a brief overview of the movie, Mr. Caps" You may be saying, well that's because there is absolutely nothing else that transpires in this dull movie. There are no B-stories, no exciting twists, no arcs, no character development, no political messages, no grey matter ticklers. We literally spend 5 minutes learning about Cody's money issues and go straight into the "games" until the very end. To the film's credit it was a solidly shot and acted movie, it's just a shame the script was incredibly weak and undermined everything else.
What we are led to believe is our protagonist is dull and un-investible. You don't care about Cody as he has no redeeming qualities whatsoever. He doesn't steal because he needs money to help his sick mum or some other noble cause, he steals because he has gambling issues. We learn nothing about his life, his family, his loves, nothing to make us connect to him in any way, shape or form so you could care less if he lives or dies. Cody doesn't even arc. He doesn't learn anything or become a better person. The reason he agrees to the games is to earn enough to pay his debts, which is well and good, but as the film progresses he doesn't learn the error of his ways, if he wins he just wants to take the money and double it at the tables, not to start afresh or to better his life. Why would a viewer care about a character who can't learn from his mistakes and grow? No other character arcs either and are just as underdeveloped, so you care even less about them.
With no one single character to back, Union Furnace relies on your base instinct of "People are killing these guys for no reason, and they only want to get money because they're in financial distress, that's not right to kill them", but for a film this shouldn't be the basis to attempt to make the viewer care. We need more. Much more. A good script takes your base instincts and builds on them, explores them, unravels them. Union Furnace does none of this.
The story itself meanders the whole runtime so you feel as uninterested and dull as Cody appeared during the entire film. You have a number of scenes with mundane dialog that neither progress the story nor develop a character any further, no ulterior motives are utilized and no real conflict is even explored. You have the obvious conflict of people disagreeing with what's happening, etc, but it's all the bare minimum the writer could muster. The obvious conflict any person would imagine to transpire in the situation. Nothing unique or out of the ordinary transpires. Nothing that makes the film pop or become interesting occurs.
The plot was there and countless films before this prove that such a plot can make for an extremely entertaining film, regardless of its budget (so budget can't be blamed here). It's just the script for Union Furnace was severely underdeveloped. It really needed more work on its characters and plotting before it was digitized.
Would I watch this again? Never. It is nothing more than a show-reel for the actors. I can honestly say that 80% of this film could have been cut and you'd still end up with the same story and ending and not feel like you missed a thing. That is a sure sign of an underdeveloped and weak script.
Would I recommend this film to anyone? Do you even need to ask? If you enjoy these style of movies, watch 13 Sins as that is a far better and entertaining film with a similar plot.
1 out of 5 lion masks
Tags Katie Keene Keith David Kevin Crowley Mike Dwyer Nicholas Bushman Seth Hammond Union Furnace
Range 15 (2016)
Film Review: The Inheritance (2011)
Film Review: The Thing (1982)
Film Review: Inoperable (2017)
Film Review: Clowntown (2016) – Review 2
Film Review: The Puppet Masters (1994)
Book Review: Control: MKUltra, Chemtrails, and the Conspiracy to Suppress the Masses | Nick Redfern


We are proud to announce Matomo 3.4.0: a new release of Matomo Analytics bringing more than 130 changes including new features, many small improvements and a few bug fixes.
As part of the upcoming GDPR compliance project (most of the GDPR features will be available in our next releases due in April and May), we have improved the Opt-out iframe feature and you can now customise the Opt-out text color, font family, font size, and background color.
In this release, we've also improved how you can export your data from Matomo. When you click the export icon, you will now see a window where you can select between the different data formats, how many rows to export, and other options to help you get the data you need in seconds (all data exports use the Reporting APIs).
Continuing on making Matomo more usable and simple, we made improvements such as: a better print version of Matomo reports, re-designed the annotations in graphs, new keyboard shortcuts (press ? to see the whole list), and the ability to switch to the Zen Mode (where the left menu and the top bar collapse) to enter the engaging full screen view. Also, all users can now log in with either their username or their email address.
The core platform was also improved in several ways. In the JS tracker you can now record when your users logout by using the new resetUserId method (especially useful for Single page applications). When segmenting your reports and users via the API, or when building custom reports, you will benefit from new date segments. And to let you fully automate how Matomo is set up for your new customers, you can now leverage our new Dashboards API. And as usual, we've added lots of new bots, brands, devices and a few more spammers.
132 tickets have been closed by more than 26 contributors!
In this 3.4.0 release there are New features and New APIs. Read more in Platform Changelog for Developers to see all changes to the platform and APIs.
Note: the Marketplace showcases more than 68 plugins already compatible with Matomo 3 and this is just the beginning. Matomo is your universal data analytics platform!
#27 PHP Warning: curl_setopt(): You must pass either an object or an array with the CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER argument ?