The purpose of this program is to create a simple legend object that can be drawn on a data plot. The user can include any number of legend "items" in the final legend.
Copyright (c) 2013, Fanning Software Consulting, Inc.
Written 18 July 2012. DWF. Adapted to accept multiple legend elements. Legend elements are stacked vertically. Each legend element can be given its own title, color, symbol symbol color, and linestyle. Legend elements are offset by 1.3*!D.Y_CH_Size/!D.YSize. A single symbol can now be drawn in the center of the line instead of one at each end point with the CENTER_SYM keyword. 04/25/2013, Matthew Argall. Many changes to make this work like a simple, but useful, legend-drawing program. Now called by the wrapper cgLegend. 5 Dec 2013. DWF. Several small problems with pointers in the SetProperty method fixed. 10 June 2014. DWF. Added CharThick keyword. 1 Sept 2014. DWF.
This is the initialization method for the object.
Adds the object as a command (the DRAW method is called) in a cgWindow resizeable graphics window.
This method calculates the size of the box needed for the legend.
This method draws the legend item or items in a graphics window.
This method obtains properties from the object.
This method sets properties of the object.
This method destroys anything the object uses that retains memory space.
The class definition module for the object.
This is the initialization method for the object. It creates an instance of the object.
If this keyword is set, the object is added to the resizeable graphics window, cgWindow. The DRAW method of the object is called in cgWindow.
0 - Location specifies the upper left corner of the legend box. 1 - Location specifies the upper right corner of the legend box. 2 - Location specifies the lower right corner of the legend box. 3 - Location specifies the lower left corner of the legend box. 4 - Location specifies the top side of the legend box (centered horizontally). 5 - Location specifies the bottom side of the legend box (centered horizontally). 6 - Location specifies the left side of the legend box (centered vertically). 7 - Location specifies the right side of the legend box (centered vertically). 8 - Location specified the very center of the legend box.
Set this keyword to draw a colored background for the legend.
The name of the background color.
Set this keyword to draw a box around the legend items.
The color of the box drawn around the legend items.
The thickness of the line used to draw the box around the legend items. If not set, use !P.Thick at drawing time.
Set this keyword to place a single symbol in the center of the line. The default is to draw a symbol at each endpoint of the line.
The character size for the legend text. Uses cgDefCharsize by default. Ignored if using hardware fonts on the display.
The thickness of the legend text. If undefined, use Thick value.
The name of the data color. This is the color of each data line. May be an array.
If set the values specified by the Location keyword are taken to be in data coordinate space.
Set this keyword to immediately draw the object as soon as it has been initialized.
Set this keyword if you want to output the legend text in a hardware font.
The length of the line connecting symbols in the legend, in normalized coordinates (0 to 1 in the graphics window). Set this equal to 0.0 if you wish to only plot symbols in the legend.
The line style for drawing each line. May be an array.
A two-element vector giving the X and Y location of upper-left corner of the legend (or legend box, if the Box keyword is set) in normalized coordinates. If the Data keyword is set, the locations are taken to be in data coordinate space.
Any normal IDL PSYM values, plus any value supported by the Coyote Library routine cgSYMCAT. An integer between 0 and 46. May be an array.
The name of the symbol color. By default, the same as the COLOR keyword. May be an array.
The thickness of the symbol. If not set, use !P.Thick at drawing time.
The Title color. May be an array.
The thickness of the line. If not set, use !P.Thick at drawing time.
The "title" or text for each legend item.
The name of a true-type font to use for the legend text.
Set this keyword to determine if the legend should be drawn (visible=1), or if the legend should not be drawn (visible=0).
A scale factor for vertical spacing between legend items. This number is multiplied by Charsize to determine vertical spacing.
If this keyword is set, the object replaces any commands in a current cgWindow or it opens a new cgWindow and adds itself to it.
Adds the object as a command (the DRAW method is called) in a cgWindow resizeable graphics window. If there is no current cgWindow, one is created. The object is destroyed when the cgWindow is destroyed.
If this keyword is set, object DRAW method replaces any commands in the current graphics window.
The object method to add to the cgWindow.
Set this keyword to allow the cgWindow to destroy the object when finished with it.
The current alignment of the legend box.
Set to 1 if a box is drawn around the legend items.
The thickness of the line used to draw the box around the legend items.
This keyword is set if symbols are placed in the center of the line.
The thickness of the legend text.
The name of the data color. This is the color of each data line.
Indicates if the Location is in data coordinates.
The line style for drawing each line.
The location of the upper-left corner of the legend item, in normalized coordinates (0 to 1 in the graphics window).
Any normal IDL PSYM values, plus any value supported by the Coyote Library routine cgSYMCAT. An integer between 0 and 46.
The name of the symbol color. By default, the same as the COLORS keyword.
The thickness of the symbol.
The Titles color. Set by default to Colors.
The thickness of the line.
The current visibility of the legend.
Set this keyword to place a single symbol in the center of the line.
The location of the upper-left corner of the legend item, in normalized coordinates (0 to 1 in the graphics window). The default is [0.1, 0.95].
The name of the symbol color. By default, the same as the COLOR keyword.
The Titles color. Set by default to Color.
Set this keyword to determine in the line should be drawn (visible=1), or if the line should not be drawn (visible=0).
The class definition as a structure variable. Occasionally useful.


text:
Corbett Hix
Politics, Writing
We need a New Conservative Party to save our democracy
by corbetthix May 21, 2021
The Takeover and Current State After the Trump defeat following the January sixth insurgency, in the wake of the second impeachment hearings, it briefly seemed that the former president would be forced to cede his leadership role in the GOP or would consider starting his own party. The vote acquitted the former president almost entirely on party-line votes, demonstrating at best, that the GOP did not find him culpable in the insurrection, at worst, that he was the definitive leader of the party who had moved into untouchable status. The consideration of his starting his own party was thrown out when he took the stage at the CPAC convention in Florida on February 28: "Wouldn't that be brilliant? Let's start a new party so we can divide our vote and never win," he joked. "We have the Republican Party. It's going to unite and be stronger than ever before."1 But it is no longer a party of ideas. It is a party of one person. It is time for a new conservative party. Liz Cheney's ouster from the House Republican Conference is just the most recent example of a new Republican party, now absent of ideas and actual policy. It has been transformed into a cult of personality and there is no indication that reform will be possible. The former president has brought his party to demonize any that oppose, whether that be for the false narrative that the 2020 election was rigged or any perceived lack of loyalty to him personally. He has chosen to run the party like a gangster, supporting primary candidates based entirely on their fidelity to him, not the party or policy. Congresswoman Cheney expressed her concern clearly with no ambiguity after being forced out of her leadership position this week: "He's going to unravel the democracy to come back into power." 2 And while she speaks of saving the GOP, the better option may…
Photography, Street Photos
Phnom Penh Lockdown
by corbetthix April 25, 2021
I ventured out during one of the first lockdowns, hopping over the plastic barrier to snap some shots of this rarely quiet city. Camera: Fujifilm X2, Lens XF23mmF2
Photography, Street Photos, Travel Photos
Siem Reap Closure
by corbetthix January 24, 2021
Before all the construction work started, Siem Reap's economy was gutted by the pandemic.
Philosophy, Writing
Predominant concepts and meaningful equations
by corbetthix December 27, 2020
If one examines constructivism, one is faced with a choice: either reject precapitalist theory or conclude that context is created by the collective unconscious. Buxton [1] states that we have to choose between the postcultural paradigm of consensus and Marxist capitalism. Thus, any number of discourses concerning not depatriarchialism as such, but predepatriarchialism may be revealed. "Society is part of the collapse of consciousness," says Sontag. In The Name of the Rose, Eco denies Foucaultist power relations; in The Aesthetics of Thomas Aquinas, however, he analyses textual subsemantic theory. Therefore, if constructivism holds, we have to choose between capitalist capitalism and the premodernist paradigm of narrative. 1. The dialectic paradigm of Foucaultist power relations. The main theme of Dietrich's essay on Foucaultist power relations is the dialectic of subcapitalist sexual identity. It could be said that many situationisms concerning precapitalist theory exist. The characteristic theme of the works of Eco is a mythopoetical whole. Therefore, Sartre uses the term 'Foucaultist power relations' to denote the failure, and subsequent meaninglessness, of dialectic class. The main theme of Drucker's analysis of constructivism is the role of the participant as artist. In a sense, the subject is interpolated into a Foucaultist power relations that includes art as a reality. 2. Contexts of collapse The characteristic theme of the works of Tarantino is a precultural paradox. Sontag suggests the use of constructivism to attack capitalism. Therefore, la Fournier implies that we have to choose between precapitalist theory and the substructural paradigm of reality. "Sexual identity is fundamentally unattainable," says Lacan; however, according to Humphrey , it is not so much sexual identity that is fundamentally unattainable, but rather the collapse, and eventually the failure, of sexual identity. The premise of constructivism suggests that sexuality is elitist. But the subject is contextualised into a precapitalist theory that includes consciousness as a whole. "The strategic adversary is fascism… the fascism in us all, in our heads…
About Tinos
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Anti money laundering / Belgium / EU / Luxembourg / Netherlands / Tax Authority / Tax Planning
EU Report Calls For Finance Authorities, AML Oversight
European Union lawmakers released a report on Wednesday (Feb. 27) recommending that the EU create a police unit dedicated to the investigation of tax and financial crimes, as well as a watchdog organization to fight money-laundering, according to a report by Reuters.
The report, which is the result of a year's investigation by a European Union Parliament committee, also said that seven countries in the union were tax havens. The report is a response to some high-profile money laundering cases and alleged finance-related crimes in the region.
The commission is led by Jean-Claude Juncker, the former prime minister of Luxembourg.
The report found that EU countries have been dragging their feet when it comes to closing opportunities for the circumventing of tax rules, and that many of them demonstrated a "lack of political will to tackle tax avoidance and financial crime."
Some tax reforms have been approved in the past year, but new ones have also been revealed, including a "cum/ex" tax scandal, which cost European treasuries €55 billion.
The report said reform is hard to enable because some of the 28 countries in the EU "display traits of a tax haven and facilitate aggressive tax planning." It cited Luxembourg, Belgium, The Netherlands and others as examples.
"Europe has a serious money-laundering and tax fraud problem," said Danish lawmaker Jeppe Kofod, who helped draft the report.
The report will be put to a vote in the near future, and was backed by the main European Parliament parties. The report said that the European Commission should start working right away on a European police force with the power to investigate financial crimes.
It also asked for a watchdog that would fight money laundering, following scandals at European banks. States have so far been against creating such an organization, even after calls for such an initiative by the European Central Bank.
The only reform agreed upon was a minor one that would allow the European Banking Authority to increase the number of officials working on money laundering to 12 people.
Next story EU Report Calls For Finance Authorities, AML Oversight
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Every year, the European Action Week Against Racism around March 21 is filled with activities of all sizes all around the continent to celebrate diversity. In 2019, we ask you to organise your activities around the theme of face-to-face meetings. Get people from all backgrounds together locally and talk, sing, dance, eat, play, meet to celebrate diversity! Have a look at ourwebsite for activity ideas, a step-by-step guide to organising your own event, best practices and more! As we are planning to create an Europe-wide Activity Map, please inform us about your activities using this form. Through this form, you can also order materials from our past campaigns (Deadline:12 February).


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Miejscowości w USA:
 Elkland – miasto w stanie Pensylwania, w hrabstwie Tioga
Gminy w USA:
 Elkland (ang. Elkland Township) – gmina w stanie Michigan, w hrabstwie Tuscola
 Elkland (ang. Elkland Township) – gmina w stanie Pensylwania, w hrabstwie Sullivan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Public Economics: Fiscal Policies & Behavior of Economic Agents eJournal
https://www.ssrn.com/link/PE-fiscal-pol-behav-econ-agents.html
Hedge Funds, Systemic Risk, and the Financial Crisis of 2007-2008: Written Testimony for the House Oversight Committee Hearing on Hedge Funds
Andrew W. Lo
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
Families Facing Tax Increases Under Trump's Tax Plan
Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Research Report, Oct. 28, 2016
Number of pages: 29 Posted: 26 Sep 2016 Last Revised: 30 Oct 2016
Lily L. Batchelder
Fiscal Policy for the Crisis
Antonio Spilimbergo, Steven Symansky, Olivier J. Blanchard and Carlo Cottarelli
International Monetary Fund (IMF) - Research Department, International Monetary Fund (IMF) - Fiscal Affairs Department, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) and International Monetary Fund (IMF)
The Tradeoff Between Mortgage Prepayments and Tax-Deferred Retirement Savings
Jennifer C. Huang, Gene Amromin and Clemens Sialm
University of Texas at Austin - Department of Finance, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and University of Texas at Austin - McCombs School of Business
The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity: A Review of the Literature
Richard Hemming, Michael Kell and Selma Mahfouz
International Monetary Fund (IMF), International Monetary Fund (IMF) - Fiscal Affairs Department and affiliation not provided to SSRN
The Role of the Capital Market in the Economic Development
Number of pages: 9 Posted: 13 Dec 2006
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration
Incentives for Tax Planning and Avoidance: Evidence from the Field
The Accounting Review, Vol. 89, No. 3, pp. 991-1023, May 2014, MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 4990-12
John R. Graham, Michelle Hanlon, Terry J. Shevlin and Nemit Shroff
Duke University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management, University of California-Irvine and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management
The 4% Rule - At What Price?
Journal Of Investment Management (JOIM), Third Quarter 2009
Number of pages: 24 Posted: 02 Apr 2008 Last Revised: 10 Nov 2009
Jason S. Scott, William F. Sharpe and John G. Watson
Financial Engines, Inc., Stanford University - Graduate School of Business and Financial Engines, Inc.
Housing in the New Millennium: A Home Without Equity is Just a Rental with Debt
Number of pages: 31 Posted: 21 Jul 2008 Last Revised: 30 Sep 2017
Joshua Rosner
Graham Fisher & Co.
How Laypeople Understand Economics
Economic Psychology: The Science of Economic Mental Life and Behaviour. Rob Ranyard (Ed.) Wiley-Blackwell, 2016
Number of pages: 24 Posted: 24 Oct 2015 Last Revised: 10 May 2018
David Leiser and Zeev Kril
Dept. of Psychology - Ben Gurion University of the Negev and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Domestic and External Public Debt in Developing Countries
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Discussion Paper No. 188
Ugo Panizza
Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID) - Department of Economics
The Future of Public Debt: Prospects and Implications
BIS Working Paper No. 300
Stephen G. Cecchetti, Madhusudan S. Mohanty and Fabrizio Zampolli
Brandeis International Business School, Bank for International Settlements (BIS) - Monetary and Economic Department and Bank for International Settlements (BIS) - Monetary and Economic Department
The Sustainability of Fiscal Policy: New Answers to an Old Question
NBER Working Paper No. R1547
Olivier J. Blanchard, Jean-Claude Chouraqui, Robert Hagemann and Nicola Sartor
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), affiliation not provided to SSRN, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and University of Verona
Household Food Security in the United States, 2004
USDA-ERS Economic Research Report No. 11
Mark Nord, Margaret Andrews and Steven Carlson
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Economic Research Service (ERS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Economic Research Service (ERS) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Economic Research Service (ERS)
The Impact of Student Loan Debt on Small Business Formation
Number of pages: 37 Posted: 31 Mar 2014 Last Revised: 21 Jul 2015
Brent W. Ambrose, Larry Cordell and Shuwei Ma
Pennsylvania State University, Federal Reserve Banks - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia and Federal Reserve Banks - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
FRB of Philadelphia Working Paper No. 15-26
Longevity Annuity: An Annuity for Everyone?
Jason S. Scott
Financial Engines, Inc.
Inflation in Pakistan: Money or Wheat?
IMF Working Paper No. 06/60
Mohsin S. Khan and Axel Schimmelpfennig
International Monetary Fund (IMF) and International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Accountability and Transparency in the Public Sector: The New Zealand Experience
Marco Cangiano
The Asset Pricing Implications of Government Economic Policy Uncertainty
Management Science 61(1), January 2015
Jonathan Brogaard and Andrew L. Detzel
University of Utah - David Eccles School of Business and University of Denver - Daniels College of Business
The Labor Market Impacts of Universal and Permanent Cash Transfers: Evidence from the Alaska Permanent Fund
Number of pages: 73 Posted: 22 Feb 2018 Last Revised: 06 Jan 2020
Damon Jones and Ioana Elena Marinescu
University of Chicago - Harris School of Public Policy and University of Pennsylvania - School of Social Policy & Practice
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11356
Tax Aggressiveness and Accounting Fraud
Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 51 (4), 739-778, 2013
Number of pages: 59 Posted: 06 Mar 2012 Last Revised: 20 Nov 2013
Clive S. Lennox, Petro Lisowsky and Jeffrey Pittman
University of Southern California, Boston University Questrom School of Business and Memorial University of Newfoundland (MNU) - Faculty of Business Administration
Taxation and the Financial Sector
NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 10-30, NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 10-25
Douglas A. Shackelford, Daniel Shaviro and Joel B. Slemrod
University of North Carolina Kenan-Flagler Business School, New York University School of Law and University of Michigan, Stephen M. Ross School of Business
The Reputational Costs of Tax Avoidance
Contemporary Accounting Research, Vol. 31, No. 4, 2014
Number of pages: 45 Posted: 17 Jan 2012 Last Revised: 28 Sep 2017
John Gallemore, Edward L. Maydew and Jacob R. Thornock
University of Chicago - Booth School of Business, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Brigham Young University
Effectiveness of Tax and Non-Tax Incentives and Investments: Evidence and Policy Implications
The Fiscal Externalities of Charter Schools: Evidence from North Carolina
Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working Paper No. 261
Helen F. Ladd and John D. Singleton
Duke University - Sanford School of Public Policy and University of Rochester - Department of Economics
Types of Foreign Aid
Christian Bjørnskov
Aarhus University - Department of Economics and Business
Budget Processes and Commitment to Fiscal Discipline
Jürgen von Hagen and Ian Harden
University of Bonn - Institute of Economic Policy and affiliation not provided to SSRN
Review of the Experience with Oil Stabilization and Savings Funds in Selected Countries
Ugo Fasano
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF LAW AND ECONOMICS, Boudewijn Bouckaert and Gerrit De Geest, eds., Edward Elgar, 2008
Luigi A. Franzoni
What's the Big Deal?: The Ethics of Public-Private Partnerships Related to Food and Health
Edmond J. Safra Working Paper No. 11
Jonathan H. Marks
Harvard University - Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics
Strategic Aspects of Value Added Tax (VAT)
Number of pages: 7 Posted: 20 Nov 2007
Arvind Ashta
CEREN EA 7477 Burgundy School of Business - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
The Optimal Relationship Between Taxable Income and Financial Accounting Income: Analysis and a Proposal
NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 07-38, Georgetown Law Journal, Vol. 97
Daniel Shaviro
Palestine Country Profile: The Road Ahead for Palestine: Fiscal Policy and Performance
Nidal Rashid Sabri and Rania Yaser Jaber
Birzeit University and Birzeit University - Faculty of Commerce and Economics
Predictability of Interest Rates and Interest-Rate Portfolios
Turan G. Bali, Massoud Heidari and Liuren Wu
Georgetown University - Robert Emmett McDonough School of Business, Caspian Capital Management, LLC and City University of New York, CUNY Baruch College - Zicklin School of Business
Dodging Robin Hood: Responses to France and Italy's Financial Transaction Taxes
Number of pages: 85 Posted: 02 Feb 2014 Last Revised: 28 Aug 2016
Maria Coelho
University of California, Berkeley, College of Letters & Science, Department of Economics
Fiscal Policy, Public Expenditure Composition, and Growth Theory and Empirics
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4405
Willi Semmler, Alfred Greiner, Bobo Diallo, Armon Rezai and Anand Rajaram
The New School - Department of Economics, Bielefeld University - Department of Business Administration and Economics, New School University, New School University and World Bank
Efficiency and Tax Incentives: The Case for Refundable Tax Credits
Stanford Law Review, Vol. 59, No. 23, 2006, New York University, Law and Economics Research Paper No. 06-50
Lily L. Batchelder, Fred T. Goldberg and Peter R. Orszag
New York University School of Law, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP and Lazard Asset Management
An Econometric Analysis of the Determinants of Inflation in Turkey
Laura Papi and Cheng Hoon Lim
Federalism and Decentralization - A Critical Survey of Frequently Used Indicators
Number of pages: 29 Posted: 07 Sep 2008 Last Revised: 30 Nov 2009
Lorenz Blume and Stefan Voigt
Phillips University Marburg and University of Hamburg - Institute of Law & Economics
The Economics of Federalism
U Illinois Law & Economics Research Paper No. LE06-001, George Mason Law & Economics Research Paper No. 06-15
Larry E. Ribstein and Bruce H. Kobayashi
University of Illinois College of Law (deceased) and George Mason University - School of Law
Public Infrastructure and Growth: New Channels and Policy Implications
Pierre-Richard Agenor and Blanca Moreno-Dodson
University of Manchester - School of Social Sciences and World Bank
Effects of Demonetization: Evidence from 28 Slum Neighborhoods in Mumbai
Deepa Krishnan and Stephan Siegel
SPJIMR, Mumbai, India and University of Washington - Michael G. Foster School of Business
Bitcoin versus Regulated Payment Systems: What Gives?
38 Cardozo Law Review 1041 (2017)
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 12 Feb 2016 Last Revised: 24 Dec 2017
Lawrence J. Trautman and Alvin C. Harrell
Prairie View A&M University - College of Business and Oklahoma City University - School of Law
Unemployment Insurance as a Housing Market Stabilizer
American Economic Review, Forthcoming
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 05 Dec 2012 Last Revised: 21 Nov 2017
Joanne W. Hsu, David A. Matsa and Brian Melzer
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Northwestern University - Kellogg School of Management and Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Positive Externalities of Social Insurance: Unemployment Insurance and Consumer Credit
Household Expenditure and the Income Tax Rebates of 2001
David Johnson, Jonathan A. Parker and Nicholas S. Souleles
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - Sloan School of Management and University of Pennsylvania - Finance Department
Maksimalisasi Zakat Sebagai Salah Satu Komponen Fiskal Dalam Sistem Ekonomi Islam (Utilization of Zakat as a Fiscal Component in Islamic Economic System)
JURISPRUDENSI Jurnal Syari'ah, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2011, pp.1-10
Number of pages: 10 Posted: 22 May 2012 Last Revised: 19 Dec 2012
Azharsyah Ibrahim
Ar-Raniry State Islamic University
The Benefits of Tax Competition
IEA Hobart Paper No. 153
Richard Teather
What Should Society Expect from Heirs? A Proposal for a Comprehensive Inheritance Tax
63 Tax Law Review 1 (2009)., NYU Law and Economics Research Paper No. 08-42
Number of pages: 113 Posted: 28 Sep 2008 Last Revised: 26 Jun 2017
What's in a (School) Name? Racial Discrimination in Higher Education Bond Markets
Journal of Financial Economics (JFE), Forthcoming
Number of pages: 69 Posted: 05 Feb 2016 Last Revised: 27 Jun 2018
Casey Dougal, Pengjie Gao, William J. Mayew and Christopher A. Parsons
Drexel University, University of Notre Dame - Mendoza College of Business, Duke University - Fuqua School of Business and Foster School of Business, University of Washington
Assessing Municipal Bond Default Probabilities
Number of pages: 154 Posted: 02 May 2013 Last Revised: 19 Nov 2013
Matthew John Holian and Marc D. Joffe
San Jose State University - Department of Economics and Public Sector Credit Solutions


text:
Home » Bahrain
Bahrain has become the fourth Arab nation to formally establish diplomatic ties with Tel Aviv as officials from both states signed a joint communique on the issue during a visit by a high-level US-Israeli delegation to Manama. The development comes after Bahrain and Israel struck a US-brokered deal on normalization of relations in Washington in mid-September. Now, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's national security adviser, Meir Ben-Shabbat, and the US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin flew to the Bahraini capital at the helm of a high-level joint delegation to finalize the issue. Also on rt.com WATCH: Bahrain, UAE and Israel sign 'Abraham […]
News RT
Israel, Bahrain formalize diplomatic relations during joint US-Israeli visit to Gulf state — RT World News
USIsraeli
by RT
https://cdn1.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo-itemprop.png Sputnik International https://cdn2.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo.png Tim Korso. Sputnik International https://sputniknews.com/world/202010141080769628-pompeo-calls-on-riyadh-to-normalise-ties-with-israel-as-bahrain-and-uae-did-in-september/ Israel, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates signed the Abraham Accords on 15 September after two surprise announcements by US President Donald Trump, who brokered the historic deal. The accords enabled Israel to start official cooperation in a number of spheres with the two Gulf States. US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has urged Saudi Arabia to follow in the footsteps of Bahrain and the UAE and normalise its relations with Israel, thus becoming the third Gulf state in history to do so. "We hope Saudi Arabia will consider normalizing its relationships […]
Pompeo Calls on Riyadh to Normalise Ties With Israel as Bahrain and UAE Did in September
Normalise
Saudi Arabia diplomatic ties with Israel
US call for Saudi Arabia ties with Israel
by 1buv
…from SouthFront.org The Ansar Allah movement (also known as the Houthis) continues pounding Saudi Arabia with drones and missiles. Late on September 17, the Yemeni Air Force loyal to the Houthi government struck Abha International Airport in the Saudi province of Asir with Samad 3 combat drones, which can be used as loitering munitions. The Houthis claimed that the strike hit a military section of the airport causing material damage and casualties among Saudi forces. The military infrastructure in the Abha airport area and southern Saudi Arabia itself has regularly become a target of Houthi missile and drone strikes. Just during […]
News Veterans Today
Yemeni Houthis Vow To Fight Israeli Plots As Netanyahu Signs Historic Deal With UAE, Bahrain – Veterans Today
by South Front
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and representatives of Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates officially opened normal relations Tuesday, signing diplomatic agreements during a White House ceremony that was hosted by President Trump. "The blessings of the peace we make today will be enormous," Netanyahu said. "First, because this peace will eventually expand to include other Arab states and ultimately, it can end the Arab-Israeli conflict once and for all; second, because the great economic benefits of our partnership will be felt throughout our region … and third, because this is not only a peace between leaders – it's a peace […]
News NPR
Israel, Bahrain And UAE Sign Deals Formalizing Ties At White House : NPR
Formalizing
TEL AVIV—Assuming last-minute disputes about mask-wearing and social distancing can be ironed out in time, the South Lawn of the White House will once more be the site of a historic Middle East peace deal signing. Two deals, in fact, as both Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates normalize ties with Israel. Rejecting the presence of a Jewish state in the Middle East has been a totemic political and moral commitment in the Arab world for 75 years now. Travel to or from Israel was prohibited, as was all trade and cultural exchange and sporting competition. For years even the mention […]
Bahrain and United Arab Emirates Peace Deals Show Washington's Arab-Israel 'Experts' Got It All Wrong Again
Washingtons
by Shany Mor
Slightly less than a month after the United Arab Emirates announced that they would normalise ties with Israel, there was another dramatic announcement, this time coming out of neighbouring Bahrain. On Friday, US President Donald Trump announced that Bahrain had followed in the footsteps of the UAE and given a green light for the establishment of full diplomatic relations with Israel, with reports suggesting that Bahraini monarch Hamad Bin Isa Al Khalifa is expected to attend a ceremony at the White House slated for next Monday and will sign a peace pact with the Jewish state. Hub of Tolerance For Rabbi […]
Series of National Interests and Fear of Iran – That's What Pushed Bahrain Into the Arms of Israel
fear of IRan
national interests
Following the normalization of relations between Israel and Bahrain, Palestine's ambassador to Manama was recalled to Ramallah on Friday. On Friday, just weeks after its Persian Gulf neighbor the United Arab Emirates extended recognition and full diplomatic relations to Israel, the Kingdom of Bahrain did the same. In response, the Palestinian Authority has ordered its diplomatic envoy to the island nation to return home. Similar to the UAE, Bahrain is a close US ally and hosts large US military bases; both were also encouraged to recognize Israel over the objections of other Arab states by the US, which brokered both deals. […]
Palestinian Ambassador Recalled From Manama After Bahrain Agrees to Normalize Ties With Israel
The kingdom of Bahrain will join the United Arab Emirates in signing a peace treaty with Israel next week, US President Donald Trump has announced, becoming the second Gulf Arab nation to do so after US mediation. "Another HISTORIC breakthrough today!" Trump tweeted on Friday, making the long-rumored Bahrain deal official. He also posted the text of a joint statement with King Hamad bin Isa bin Salman al-Khalifa of Bahrain and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, confirming that a representative of the Gulf monarchy will attend the September 15 ceremony at the White House and sign a Declaration of Peace with […]
Bahrain to follow UAE in normalizing relations with Israel, Trump announces — RT World News
normalizing
https://cdn1.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo-itemprop.png Sputnik International https://cdn2.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo.png Sputnik https://cdn2.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo.png https://sputniknews.com/middleeast/202009111080433463-israel-bahrain-agree-to-normalize-relations/ The move comes less than a month after Israel and the United Arab Emirates agreed to sign a peace treaty and establish normalized ties, with Abu Dhabi becoming the third Arab nation in the Middle East to do so. President Donald Trump has issued a joint statement by the United States, Israel and Bahrain announcing Tel Aviv and Manama's intention to establish full diplomatic relations. "Another HISTORIC breakthrough today! our two GREAT friends Israel and the Kingdom of Bahrain agree to a Peace Deal – the second Arab country to make peace with Israel […]
Israel, Bahrain Agree to Normalize Relations
https://cdn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/104856/41/1048564103_0:84:1600:984_1200x675_80_0_0_4d736c5fe0fb5901f69367fdaa8e5660.jpg Sputnik International https://cdn2.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo.png Sputnik https://cdn2.img.sputniknews.com/i/logo.png https://sputniknews.com/middleeast/202009041080361985-bahrain-allows-planes-from-israel-to-cross-its-airspace-to-reach-uae–reports/ DOHA (Sputnik) – Bahrain has allowed planes, heading from Israel to the United Arab Emirates, to cross its national airspace, Bahraini media reported. On Wednesday, a similar move was announced by Saudi Arabia. The announcement was made several days after the first commercial flight from Israel arrived in the UAE via the Saudi airspace. Bahrain satisfied the UAE's request for allowing any flights to cross its national airspace, the Bahrain News Agency reported on late Thursday, citing a source at the Ministry of Transportation and Telecommunications. Last month, Israel and the United Arab Emirates […]
Bahrain Allows Planes From Israel to Cross Its Airspace to Reach UAE – Reports
Bahraini airspace
Iaraeli-Bahreini relations
Israeli-UAE relations


text:
Cash Transfer Programming and Child Protection in Humanitarian Action: Review and opportunities to strengthen the evidence
As prevalence of cash transfer programming in humanitarian response has grown, so too has the recognition that the child protection sector must learn how to use case transfer programs to achieve better results for children. This report summarizes the evidence for cash transfer programming and child protection in humanitarian contexts and recommends areas for action and further research. It highlights the gaps, needs, and opportunities found in the literature and confirmed by experts working across child protection, cash transfer programming, and other relevant areas of humanitarian action and international development. The findings and recommendations are intended to guide the Cash Transfer and Child Protection Task Force of the Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action as it generates participation and investment in a multi-year research agenda.
Included in the set is a 2-page briefing note summarizing the review and recommendations, an introductory video, and an infographic on the recommendations.
Cash Transfer Programming and Child Protection in Humanitarian Action: Review and opportunities to strengthen the evidence Cash Transfer Programming and Child Protection in Humanitarian Action: Briefing note Cash Transfer Programming and Child Protection in Humanitarian Action: Key Recommendations (Infographic) Introductory Video: Cash Transfer Programming and Child Protection in Humanitarian Action
The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action
Sarrouh, Layal T. E.Thompson, HannahTorsein, Christina
Cash transfers
AnalysisBriefs, Fact Sheets and BrochuresReportsStudies, Reviews and Research


text:
Первый альбомный состав (1985)

В это время группа называлась Majesty и выпустила демоальбом Majesty Demo
 Крис Коллинз () — вокал
 Джон Петруччи () (род. 12 июля 1967) — гитара
 Джон Маянг () (род. 24 января 1967) — бас-гитара, стик
 Кевин Мур () (род. 26 мая 1967) — клавишные
 Майк Портной () (род. 20 апреля 1967) — барабаны

Позже, Коллинз покинул коллектив из за творческих разногласий. Крису не нравилось в то время направление группы.

Второй состав (1986—1991)

 Чарли Доминичи () (род. 16 июня 1951) — вокал
 Джон Петруччи — гитара
 Джон Маянг — бас-гитара, стик
 Кевин Мур — клавишные
 Майк Портной — барабаны

Доминичи так же ушёл из группы из за творческих разногласий. Из интервью к бонусному DVD «Score»:
«Группа в некоторых местах песен требовала для меня исполнять вокальные партии так высоко, что я еле справлялся с этим!»

Третий состав (1991—1994)

 Джеймс ЛаБри () (род. 5 мая 1963) — вокал
 Джон Петруччи — гитара
 Джон Маянг — бас гитара, стик
 Кевин Мур — клавишные
 Майк Портной — барабаны

Ещё во время записи, Кевин отдалился от остальных участников группы (как это видно из DVD «5 Years in a LIVEtime»).
После записи альбома, Мур сообщил остальным участникам группы, что не отправится вместе с ними в тур в поддержку альбома и уходит из группы, обосновывая это тем, что ему стал не нравиться стиль Dream Theater и он будет заниматься сольным творчеством. Фактически, в момент мастеринга и выхода альбома, Кевина уже не было с группой.

В результате этого группа была вынуждена срочно искать нового клавишника перед тем, как планировать следующий тур в поддержку альбома Awake. В начале они хотели пригласить клавишника Йенса Юханссона, но их опередила группа Stratovarius, пригласив Йенса раньше. Позже, Петруччи с Портным столкнулись с Джорданом Рудессом в журнале «Keyboards» где он был признан как «лучший молодой талант» в опросе читателей и пригласили его.
Несмотря на то, что концерт в Бербанке, штат Калифорния, прошёл очень удачно и группе новый музыкант понравился, Рудесс решил принять приглашение от группы The Dixie Dregs вместо Dream Theater, так как с The Dixie Dregs он работал в качестве сессионного музыканта и у него была возможность проводить больше времени со своей молодой семьёй.
Расстроенные, группа наняла в качестве клавишника приятеля одного из однокурсников Беркли Дерека Шериняна. Он, по результатам тура в поддержку альбома Awake, стал новым постоянным клавишником Dream Theater.

Четвёртый состав (1995—1999)

 Джеймс ЛаБри — вокал
 Джон Петруччи — гитара
 Джон Маянг — бас гитара, стик
 Дерек Шеринян () (род. 25 августа 1966) — клавишные
 Майк Портной — барабаны

В 1998 году Майк Верней из лейбла Magna Carta Record предложил Портному создать отдельный сайд проект, который бы так же как и DT, исполнял прогрессив. На место из всех прослушанных гитаристов подошёл Джон Петруччи, место бас гитариста занял Тони Левин, а на клавишные Майк вновь пригласил Джордана Рудесса, который к тому времени вышел из состава Dixie Dregs. Проект назвали, как Liquid Tension Experiment.
После того, как группа выпустила 2 альбома, Портной с Петруччи предложили Рудессу присоединиться к группе и он с радостью принял это предложение. Дереку ничего не оставалось, как покинуть коллектив. Хотя позже он признался, что расценил это как положительный знак и начал успешную сольную карьеру.

Пятый состав (1999—2010)
 Джеймс ЛаБри — вокал
 Джон Петруччи — гитара
 Джон Маянг — бас гитара, стик
 Джордан Рудесс () (род. 4 ноября 1956) — клавишные
 Майк Портной — барабаны
В сентябре 2010 Майк Портной объявил о своём уходе из группы.

Нынешний состав (2010 — наше время)
 Джеймс ЛаБри — вокал
 Джон Петруччи — гитара
 Джон Маянг — бас гитара, стик
 Джордан Рудесс — клавишные
 Майк Манджини () (род. 18 апреля 1963) — барабаны

Примечания

Музыканты Dream Theater


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La urea és un compost químic cristal·lí, incolor, de fórmula CO(NH2)2, present en l'orina dels mamífers. El seu nom sistemàtic és metandiamida. El procés bàsic d'obtenció de la urea s'anomena síntesi de Wöhler en honor d'aquest químic. També se n'ha trobat a les naturals, sent considerada un mineral que pertany a la classe dels minerals orgànics; també s'anomena urea.

Història

La urea fou aïllada per primera vegada pel químic francès Hilaire Rouelle el 1773, de l'orina humana, de la de vaques i de la de cavalls. El 1799 fou nomenada «urée», en català «urea», pels químics francesos Antoine François de Fourcroy (1755–1809) i Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1763–1829), a partir del francès «urine», 'orina', pel seu origen.

Fou obtinguda sintèticament per primera vegada el 1824 pel químic alemany Friedrich Wöhler (1800–1882) però no l'identificà fins al 1828 i pogué publicar el seu treball La sintetitzà fent reaccionar hidròxid d'amoni NH4OH amb isocianat de plom(II) Pb(OCN)2:

Pb(OCN)2 + 2NH4OH -> 2CO(NH)2 + Pb(OH)2

En reaccionar primer formen isocianat d'amoni NH4OCN que es transforma en urea en ser escalfat:Aquesta síntesi és molt important, ja que fou el primer compost orgànic sintetitzat a partir de composts inorgànics, cosa que representà una primera prova contra la força vital. Aquesta teoria suposava que les substàncies orgàniques només podien ser sintetitzades per organismes vius i el naixement de la química orgànica.

Característiques

Propietats físiques

La urea és un sòlid blanc inodor, que cristal·litza amb agulles llargues de densitat 1,335 g /cm³. Cristal·litza en el sistema tetragonal. Té un punt d'ebullició de 132,7 °C i es descompon en amoníac i àcid isociànic abans de bullir. És molt soluble en aigua (545 g/L) i soluble en etanol, metanol i àcid acètic, lleugerament soluble en èter i cloroform i insoluble en benzè.

Propietats químiques
En dissolució, la urea presenta els següents equilibris:

NH2CONH2 <=> NH4OCN <=> NH3 + HOCN

En dissolucions concentrades l'àcid isociànic reacciona amb la urea a relativament baixa temperatura per donar biuret o carbamilurea NH2-CO-NH-CO-NH2, triuret NH2-CO-NH-CO-NH-CO-NH2 i àcid cianúric (HNCO)3. A més temperatura dona guanidina CNH(NH2)2, ammelida C3N3(OH)2NH2, ammelina C3N3OH(NH2)2 i melamina C3N3(NH2)3.
La urea reacciona amb els òxids de nitrogen en fase gasosa a altes temperatures (800–1 500 °C), i a més baixa temperatura en fase líquida, per formar nitrogen N2, diòxid de carboni CO2i aigua H2O. Aquesta reacció s'empra per eliminar òxids de nitrogen de gasos de combustió als vehicles dièsel (additiu AdBlue, una dissolució d'urea al 32,5 %) i a les indústries. En escalfar la dissolució d'urea es descompon en amoníac i l'àcid isociànic. Aquest reacciona amb l'aigua (hidròlisi) per donar més amoníac i diòxid de carboni:HCNO + H2O -> NH3 + CO2

L'amoníac és el reactiu que reacciona amb els òxids de nitrogen:

4NO + 4NH3 + O2 -> 4N2 + 6H2ONO + NO2 + 2NH3 -> 2N2 + 3H2O6NO2 + 8NH3 -> 7N2 + 12H2O

Amb formaldehid la urea reacciona en condicions àcides per donar amines secundàries i terciàries amb els dos grups. En condiciona bàsiques dona dimetilol urea.

Estat natural

Es troba abundantment en l'orina, uns 9,3 g/L en l'orina humana, i és el principal producte terminal del metabolisme protídic en l'ésser humà i en els mamífers, i és excretada en grans quantitats per l'orina. En quantitats menors, és present a la sang, al fetge, a la limfa i en els fluids serosos, i també en els excrements dels peixos i molts altres animals. També és present en floridures dels fongs així com a les fulles i llavors de nombrosos llegums i cereals.

La urea es forma principalment al fetge com un producte final del metabolisme. El nitrogen de la urea, que constitueix la major part del nitrogen de l'orina, procedeix de la descomposició de les cèl·lules del cos, però sobretot, de les proteïnes dels aliments, que genera amoníac NH3, tòxic per l'organisme.

La ureotèlia és aquella estratègia de gestió metabòlica del nitrogen en què determinats animals excreten urea com a principal catabòlit nitrogenat. Generalment es produeix en animals que poden excretar suficient volum d'aigua o concentrar la urea en una considerable quantitat d'orina. Es produeix en mamífers (excepte el dàlmata), rèptils aquàtics, amfibis i alguns peixos cartilaginosos (en aquest darrer cas retenen la urea en l'organisme per augmentar la pressió osmòtica).

En el fetge dels animals l'amoníac és desintoxicat per formar urea, la qual és força menys tòxica i pot romandre en el cos durant més temps sense causar-hi efectes nocius. Un gram d'urea requereix 50 ml d'aigua per ser excretada.

La transformació de l'amoníac en urea té lloc a través del cicle de la urea. En aquest cicle dues molècules d'amoníac es combinen amb una de diòxid de carboni per donar la urea. El procés té lloc mitjançant una sèrie d'etapes de reaccions bioquímiques on es genera l'aminoàcid ornitina C5H12N2O2, per la qual cosa a aquest cicle també se'l coneix com a cicle de l'ornitina. Aquest cicle fou descobert pels bioquímics alemanys Hans Adolf Krebs (1900–1981) i Kurt Henseleit (1908–1973) el 1932.

Obtenció
El químic alemany Friedrich Wöhler produí urea artificialment el 1828, però el procediment industrial, el procés Bosch–Meiser gràcies als alemanys Carl Bosch (1874–1940) i Wilhelm Meiser, es desenvolupà només un segle més tard, el 1922. Aquest procés es basa en la reacció entre l'amoníac i el diòxid de carboni:

2NH3 + CO2 <=> NH4(H2NCO2)

El carbamat d'amoni que s'obté en una primera reacció, es descompon per acció de la calor i dona urea i aigua:

NH4(H2NCO2) <=> CO(NH2)2 + H2O

Usos
La capacitat global de producció d'urea és d'uns 220 milions t/any. A part de l'amoníac, la urea té el contingut de nitrogen més alt de tots els productes químics industrials i té una gran demanda com a fertilitzant. A causa del seu alt contingut en nitrogen, la urea preparada comercialment s'utilitza en la fabricació de fertilitzants agrícoles. Es fa servir també com a estabilitzador en explosius de nitrocel·lulosa i és un component bàsic de les resines preparades sintèticament.

En agricultura
Més del 90 % de la producció mundial d'urea es destina a fertilitzant en agricultura. Pel fet de tenir el contingut de nitrogen més alt entre tots els adobs químics sòlids d'ús comú en agricultura, té els costos de transport més baixos per unitat de nitrogen nutrient. L'estàndard com a fertilitzant és 46-0-0 (46 % de nitrogen, 0 % de fòsfor, 0 % de potassi).{ICIS}

Molts bacteris dels sòls tenen l'enzim ureasa, el qual catalitza la conversió d'una molècula d'urea i una altra d'aigua en dues molècules d'amoníac i una de diòxid de carboni (CO(NH2)2 + H2O -> 2NH3 + CO2), així els adobs amb urea ràpidament es transformen a la forma amoniacal en els sòls. Entre els bacteris del sòl que tenen ureasa hi ha els nitrosomones que fan el procés de la nitrificació. Els bacteris que oxiden el nitrit a nitrat es troben els nitrobàcter, el qual és molt mòbil en els sòls i provoca contaminació de les aigües. L'amoni i el nitrat s'absorbeixen ràpidament per les plantes i és la font principal de nitrogen per al seu creixement. També es fa servir urea en moltes formulacions d'adobs químics. Com que la urea és molt soluble en aigua, es fa servir com adob líquid en combinació amb el nitrat d'amoni. La urea s'aplica normalment en una proporció de 40 a 300 kg/ha. No és compatible amb altres adobs. Aplicada com adob foliar es fa en concentracions de 0,5 % al 2,0 % i amb baix contingut de biuret, la impuresa més comuna, el qual perjudica el creixement de les plantes.

Indústria química

És el material de partida per fabricar molts productes com plàstics, especialment les resines d'urea-formaldehid; adhesius, com els d'urea-formaldehid o de resina urea-melanina-formaldehid; cianat de potassi, i nitrat d'urea, altament explosiu.

Automòbils

La urea es fa servir en les reaccions de reducció no catalítica selectiva (SNCR) i la reducció catalítica selectiva (SCR) per reduir l'òxid de nitrogen provinent de la combustió del combustible dièsel i del gas natural.

Altres usos comercials
 Un estabilitzador en els explosius de nitrocel·lulosa
 Un component de la nutrició per animals
 Una alternativa no corrosiva per la sal emprada en les carreteres contra les glaçades
 Un additiu saboritzant per les cigarretes
 Un ingredient d'algunes cremes per a la pell, humidificador i condicionador del cabell
 Un ingredient en molts productes per a blanquejar les dents

En laboratori
La urea a concentracions de fins a 10 M és un poderós desnaturalitzador de proteïnes i això serveix per incrementar la solubilitat d'algunes proteïnes. Una mescla d'urea i clorur de colina es fa servir com un solvent. Es pot fer servir urea com a font d'hidrogen en cèl·lules de combustible.

En medicina
Una crema amb urea rehidrata la pell. La urea al 40% està indicada en la psoriasi, xerosi, onicomicosi, èczema, queratosi, queratodèrmia, i durícies de la pell. La urea al 40% "dissol la matriu intercel·lular" de la placa de les ungles sense afectar-ne les parts sanes. La injecció d'urea es fa servir per provocar l'avortament. El contingut d'urea en la sang es mesura com a marcador de la funció renal. També serveix per detectar en l'alè la presència del bacteri Helicobacter pylori associat amb úlceres pèptiques.

Anàlisi
La urea es quantifica ràpidament a través de diversos mètodes com és el mètode colorimètric monoxim diacetil i la reacció de Berthelot.

Referències

Amides
Pigments
Miscel·lània de minerals orgànics


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Home Archives 2012 July 11
Daily Archives: Jul 11, 2012
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The Hunger Games trilogy's final installment will be split into two films
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Hans Kristian and Eva Rausing: the shocking decline of the TetraPak billionaire and his wife
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Book Review: Intoxication by Jean-Luc Nancy
What is the relationship between philosophy, poetry and intoxication and should we expect 'a sober or drunk discourse' on the topic? Intoxication, a short reflection from Jean-Luc Nancy, explores the ambivalent pleasures of intoxication as it has been configured within histories of philosophical and poetic thought. This abundant meander through the work of Plato, Hegel and Baudelaire among others offers readers a rewarding, even intoxicating, experience, writes Bjarke Mørkøre Stigel Hansen.
Intoxication. Jean-Luc Nancy (trans. by Philip Armstrong). Fordham University Press. 2016.
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What we have before us is an address given by the French philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy at an Alsatian vineyard in April 2008, in which the theme of intoxication – which one could call the 'primal scene' of philosophy, i.e. the question of philosophy in relation to its own origin – was brought to speech. The panegyric was subsequently published in French as Ivresse (Éditions Payout & Ravages, 2013). Under the title of Intoxication, Fordham University Press, who have taken up the admirable task of making so-called 'French Theory' available to its English-speaking readers, offer us Nancy's speech in this excellent translation by Philip Armstrong.
Intoxication, which consists of 57 humble pages (notes included), presents a piece of writing that seemingly finds itself at the margins of both text and thought, with Nancy's discourse on intoxication touching the limit of discourse itself. The writing style of Intoxication is as drunk on its theme as it is at once subtle and inundated with poetry. For this reason, Nancy asks, 'does philosophy get drunk on poetry? Or is it the opposite?' Whatever the answer, Nancy continues: 'This drinking binge or banquet has taken place since both have existed' (6).
Imbued throughout with this question of the relation between philosophy and poetry, Intoxication attends to the distinctiveness of this dynamic that, in Nancy's view, does not 'constitute an opposition', but rather moves in the direction of 'the difficulty of making sense' (Multiple Arts, 5). Hence, instead of constituting a relation of opposition, let alone subordination, philosophy and poetry face one another 'in an irreconcilable mode, according to the exteriority and to an exteriority that is double qualified, since it is at once the exteriority of the phenomenon […] as being-outside-itself [that is, ecstatic and intoxicated], and the exteriority of the poetic reconciliation in relation to the thought reconciliation' (Muses, 29). In this view, the relationship between philosophy and poetry opens up the question of intoxication to the reader inasmuch as, in Nancy's words, 'both desires for intoxication' (8).
Still, the question remains as to whether we should expect a 'sober discourse or a drunk discourse' (4) on intoxication? For the sake of truth, is philosophy not always about sobering up in accordance with some of the central insights of the Presocratics? Indeed, Heraclitus said: 'Whenever a man is drunk, he is lead along, stumbling, by a beardless boy; he does not perceive where he is going, because his soul is wet' (Diels-Kranz, 117). Hence, even if 'souls are exhaled from moist things' (DK 12), 'the wisest and best (most noble) soul is a dry soul' (DK 118). Yet, as Hegel, the philosopher whom Nancy is quoting in this respect, responds in his Phänomenologie des Geistes, 'the True is thus a Bacchanalian revel in which no member is not drunk' (4).
Image Credit: (Kjersti Magnussen CC 2.0)
As such, intoxication becomes the archetype for a specific strand in the history of philosophy. For what we see here is perhaps the first example of what came to be known as the Delphic injunction 'gnothi seauton' ('know thyself!') which, in Nancy's view, forms the 'open abyss' (7) to be found in Plato's dialogue The Symposium. Here, the drunken Alcibiades decides to tell the truth of Socrates, who beats everyone in drinking even though 'no one has ever seen him drunk' (220a). Even if we laugh at the tipsy Alcibiades, we also know from the saying that 'truth is revealed by wine and children' (217e). To Nancy, this is to say that truth is that which is 'neither sought nor found, which neither proves or establishes itself; it is given […] before all donation' (25). 'In truth', Nancy continues, 'intoxication precedes all other. It is immemorial' (7).
Thus, even though the question of the relation between philosophy and poetry – one that is itself intoxicating – concerns its very own origin set up at the drinking binge, Nancy ascribes to this primal scene a particularly significant role of intoxication as a figure, and on the threshold, of modernity. Hence, Nancy starts off from a premise taken from Charles Baudelaire's famous collection, Paris Spleen, which serves as an 'exergue to modernity' (1). The premise commands: 'You must be drunk always […] But drunk on what? On wine, on poetry, on virtue – take your pick. But be drunk.' However, if the commandment of intoxication inscribes itself upon modernity (even if we are unable to define the beginning or end of this modernity), it is because such an inscription is the space of an exergue which, according to its numismatic character, refers to what is outside of modernity, but only to do so in terms of its inside. The commandment of modernity belongs neither to its inside nor to its outside.
The enigma of intoxication could therefore be seen in light of what has been a leitmotif throughout Nancy's authorship – namely, the flight of gods. What would intoxication mean here? In an interview with Nancy's friend and fellow philosopher, Jacques Derrida, it is said that drugs become the religion of atheist poets insofar as the 'sky of transcendence comes to be emptied, and not just of Gods, but of any Other' (The Rhetoric of Drugs, 240). Yet, if intoxication could be said to be the religion of atheists (of course, not conceived in terms of naïve atheism), we must bear in mind that this religion is not referring to a place beyond, but rather to a space of openness or excess within intoxication.
Whilst philosophy has made it its profession to sober up its spiritual ebriety, intoxication, for Nancy, does not mark an aberration from an authentic philosophical selfhood. Instead, Nancy says, even if alcohol deceives me, it cannot 'deny that I am, I who drinks or who believes that I'm existing, whatever the liqueur. Ego sum, ego existo – ebrius I am, I exist, drunk' (5). In this view, the liquidity of spirit – that is, the strongest liqueur spirits of wine that aim at 'obtaining an essence, pure, the ideal, truth of a concrete and opaque and perceptible substance' (11) – represents nothing other than 'the perceptibility of the imperceptible' (11). Here, intoxication does not appear as a negation of a (controlled) self; rather, intoxication becomes the index of a self and not the other way around: a non-intoxicated self is nothing special, but an intoxication where a self has evaporated into the empty sky is remarkable ('the angel's share'). In other words, the flight of gods that leaves the sky empty marks, as Søren Kierkegaard says, 'the intoxicating emptiness of negativity' (Concept of Irony, 175).
It is from this strange exergue of modernity, marked by the flight of gods, that Nancy meanders across an abundant and at times intoxicating use of poets and thinkers including Baudelaire, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Valéry, Proust, Bataille, Hegel, Hölderlin, Nietzsche and the Greeks. Although Nancy's demanding writing requires us to start thinking ourselves, the overwhelming weight of Nancy's 'little' book, if not of his 'heavy' thought, provides the reader with a prolific and, indeed, rewarding experience.
Bjarke Mørkøre Stigel Hansen is a PhD student in European Philosophy, European Institute at the London School of Economics and Political Science. His work explores the philosophy of Europe. He is interested in German Idealism, phenomenology and deconstruction. Read more by Bjarke Mørkøre Stigel Hansen.
Note: This review gives the views of the author, and not the position of the LSE Review of Books blog, or of the London School of Economics.
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December 2nd, 2020, 22:23 Posted By: wraggster
A decade ago, Activision Blizzard had a toe in almost every corner of the business. It had AAA core gaming and budget titles. It had original IP and licensed games based on kids movies and comic books. It had single-player adventures and massively multiplayer online worlds.
Part of the way it became such an all-encompassing entity was through mergers and acquisitions. Activision bought RedOctane and the Guitar Hero franchise when they were just taking off, and then acquired FreeStyle Games, Budcat Creations, and 7 Studios to churn out more content in the briefly insatiable rhythm game genre. It merged with Vivendi Games to bring Blizzard's MMO, RTS, and action RPG hits into the fold and become a force in PC gaming. It bought Bizarre Creations to fill the racer-shaped hole in its portfolio.
So given Activision Blizzard's interest in expanding into trending new markets and willingness to buy its way into them, why wasn't it making a move for mobile in 2010, the year the iPad debuted and smartphones were still ascendant?
As CEO Bobby Kotick explained at the Reuters Global Media Summit, he just wasn't interested in mobile games.
Was Activision Blizzard right to ignore mobile? | 10 Years Ago This Month | GamesIndustry.biz


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Q: Why did Luke name his son Ben and not Obi-wan? When Luke had a son, he called him Ben, in honor of his old master. But his master's real name was Obi-Wan. Why did he use the false identity of his master to name his son? After all, he barely knew him before his real name was revealed.

A: The names you first know someone by are hard to shake. Luke first knew Obi-Wan Kenobi by the name Ben Kenobi so that's how he always thinks of him. This is similar to how the hobbits in Lord of the Rings continue to refer to Aragon by the name Strider even after they learn his true name.
From the Star Wars film script:

THREEPIO: He says he's the property of Obi-Wan Kenobi, a resident of
  these parts. And it's a private message for him. Quite frankly, sir I
  don't know what he's talking about. Our last master was Captain
  Antilles, but with what we've been through, this little R2 unit has
  become a bit eccentric.
LUKE: Obi-Wan Kenobi? I wonder if he means old Ben Kenobi?
THREEPIO: I beg your pardon, sir, but do you know what he's talking
  about?
LUKE: Well, I don't know anyone named Obi-Wan, but old Ben lives out
  beyond the dune sea. He's kind of a strange old hermit.

In The Empire Strike Back, Luke knows Obi-Wan's true name, but he reacts and responds to his ghost as Ben Kenobi:

Luke lies face down in the snow, nearly unconscious. Slowly
  he looks up and sees Ben Kenobi, barely visible through the
  blowing snow. It is hard to tell if Kenobi is real or a
  hallucination.
BEN: Luke...Luke.
LUKE: (weakly) Ben?
BEN: You will go to the Dagobah system.
LUKE: Dagobah system?
BEN: There you will learn from Yoda, the Jedi Master who instructed
  me.
The image of Ben fades, revealing a lone Tauntaun rider
  approaching from the windswept horizon.
LUKE: (groaning faintly) Ben...Ben.

Related: Why did Luke Skywalker call Obi-Wan "Ben"?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Attock Petroleum Limited
OIL & GAS MARKETING COMPANIES
302.39 — 351.43
0.00 — 0.00
Attock Petroleum Limited was incorporated in Pakistan as a public limited company on December 3, 1995 and it commenced its operations in 1998. The principal activity of the Company is procurement, storage and marketing of petroleum and related products.
Mr. Shuaib A. Malik CEO
Mr. Laith G. Pharaon Chairman
Mr. Faizan Zafar Company Secretary
Attock House, Morgah, Rawalpindi
www.apl.com.pk
CDC Share Registrar Services Limited, CDC House, 99-B, Block 'B' S.M.C.H.S, Main Shahra-e-Faisal Karachi
A.F Ferguson & Co Chartered Accountant
Sep 1, 2021 Transmission of Annual Report for the Year Ended June 30, 2021 View PDF
Aug 11, 2021 Financial Results for the year ended June 30, 2021 View PDF
Apr 28, 2021 Transmission of Quarterly Report for the Period Ended March 31, 2021
Apr 26, 2021 Financial Results for the Nine Month Period Ended March 31, 2021 View PDF
Jan 27, 2021 Financial Results for the Six month period ended December 31, 2020 View PDF
Sep 23, 2021 CERTIFIED COPY OF THE SPECIAL RESOLUTION PASSED AT ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING View PDF
Aug 31, 2021 Notice of Annual General Meeting View PDF
Aug 3, 2021 Board Meeting View PDF
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Oct 15, 2021 Disclosure of Interest by a Director CEO, or Executive of a listed company and their Spouses and the Substantial Shareholders u/c 5.6.1.(d) of PSX Regulations View PDF
Oct 4, 2021 Credit of Final Cash Dividend View PDF
Sep 27, 2021 Disclosure of Interest by a Director CEO, or Executive of a listed company and their Spouses and the Substantial Shareholders u/c 5.6.1.(d) of PSX Regulations View PDF
Sales 188,645,375 201,078,720 223,054,352 177,216,737
Profit after Taxation 4,919,632 1,008,294 3,960,606 5,656,349
EPS 49.43 10.13 39.79 56.83
Sales 72,837,518 45,728,424 44,855,247 45,115,048
Profit after Taxation 2,388,304 1,517,745 660,839 1,485,456
EPS 24.00 15.25 6.64 14.92
Gross Profit Margin (%) 5.29 1.81 3.69 5.50
Net Profit Margin (%) 2.61 0.50 1.78 3.19
EPS Growth (%) 387.96 (74.54) (29.98) (11.05)
PEG 0.02 (0.40) (0.24) (0.94)
August 11, 2021 3:13 PM 30/06/2021(YR) 245%(F) (D) 16/09/2021 - 22/09/2021
January 27, 2021 3:13 PM 31/12/2020(HYR) 25%(i) (D) 10/02/2021 - 16/02/2021
August 26, 2020 3:57 PM 30/06/2020(YR) 40%(F) (D) 13/10/2020 - 19/10/2020
July 30, 2019 12:46 PM 30/06/2019(YR) 100%(F) (D) 11/09/2019 - 17/09/2019
January 22, 2019 3:57 PM 31/12/2018(HYR) 100%(i) (D) 07/02/2019 - 13/02/2019
August 15, 2018 9:58 AM 30/06/2018(YR) 250% (D) - 20% (B) 19/09/2018 - 25/09/2018
January 24, 2018 12:31 PM 31/12/2017(HYR) 150% (D) 08/02/2018 - 14/02/2018
September 11, 2017 2:52 PM 30/06/2017(YR) 275% (D) 13/10/2017 - 19/10/2017
January 27, 2017 11:50 AM 31/12/2016(HYR) 150% (D) 13/02/2017 - 20/02/2017


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Home » India » PM Modi flags off to Humsafar Express, First ride will starts from 16 April
India • Politics
PM Modi flags off to Humsafar Express, First ride will starts from 16 April
by Abhishek Lohia
Written by Abhishek Lohia
On the occasion of the Champaran Satyagraha century, Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave a big gift to the people of Motihari. In addition to a new train for Bapudham Motihari railway station, PM Narendra Modi also dedicated a new electric train to the people of Ahmedabad. Weekly Summer Special Train from Ahmedabad to Kanpur has impressed the railway in its first run. On Monday morning, the Apepency Level (Reserved Seats) status had exceeded 65 percent in the Summer Special, which was released from the Central Railway station on Sunday night till 9 pm.
The train consists of 18 coaches, including one in the first AC, one in the second AC, two in the third AC and 8 coaches in the sleeper. By 9 pm, 301 seats had been booked out of 434 seats of the sleeper. However, booking in air-conditioned coaches is less than expected. In AC 3-tier 90, only two seats were booked out of 46, and in AC-2-Tier 27 and 10 seats has been booked in first AC.
Humsafar's timetable is also different from April 16. Train Hamsafar Express will be opened on 10 April from Katihar, running as a special train at 11 a.m and it will reach Delhi via Madhepura and Saharsa at 10 a.m. From 16 April, Hamasafar Express will run from Katihar at 5.00 a.m., and after going to Madhepura, it will depart from Saharsa at 9.25 pm for Delhi.
Apart from flagging off the Humsafar Express, Prime Minister Modi also launched electrification work of Motihari-Muzaffarpur rail line and dedicated a locomotive to the country, which was made by a collaboration between India and France. The locomotive is the first Make-in-India project, which is completed by France's Alstom. It helps train to run at a maximum speed of 120 km per hour, and it is the first of 40 locomotives to roll out of the factory by the end of March 2020.
The hon'ble PM @narendramodi flagged off a new bi-weekly train called Champaran Humsafar Express, at the commemoration of the Satyagraha se Swachhagraha campaign. #ChaloChamparan #चलो_चंपारण pic.twitter.com/C5bYfn6Jxz
— Swachh Bharat (@swachhbharat) April 10, 2018
PM @NarendraModi आज गांधी मैदान, पूर्वी चंपारण, बिहार से मधेपुरा लोकोमोटिव फैक्ट्री के प्रथम चरण का लोकार्पण व चंपारण हमसफर एक्सप्रेस का शुभारंभ करेंगे, साथ ही मुजफ्फरपुर-सगौली-वाल्मीकिनगर रेलवे लाइन के दोहरीकरण का शिलान्यास व 12,000HP के फ्रेट इलेक्ट्रिक लोको का शुभारंभ भी होगा। pic.twitter.com/fIH9M570fI
— Piyush Goyal (@PiyushGoyal) April 10, 2018
Narendra Modi visits Bihar, talks about projects to promote cleanliness
Heena Sidhu sets World Record at 25m Pistol Event, Wins Gold medal
Abhishek Lohia
Abhishek Lohia was a Sports and Political Writer working for Newsfolo and is no longer associated with the organization.


The State of Colorado just passed legislation granting a $5,000 point-of-sale incentive for the purchase of an electric vehicle in the State, in addition to the existing $7,500 federal tax incentive. That's $12,500 cut in an attempt make EVs more competitive with traditional car purchases.
On May 4, the Colorado legislature approved HB 1332, a bill that dramatically improves the state's alternative fuel vehicle tax credits. It simplifies a complex formula, setting a flat $5,000 credit for the purchase of a light duty electric vehicle (EV). Most importantly, it makes the credits assignable to a car dealer or finance company, which will effectively turn them into a point of sale incentive. This makes the Colorado incentive the best in the nation, combining one of the highest tax credits with a point of sale option, and is expected to significantly increase EV sales. SWEEP proposed the concept of assignable tax credits and helped build broad support for the legislation.
The point of sale discount of $5,000 is a big improvement in the process of selling electric vehicles because it allows dealerships to discount the amount directly from the sticker price of the car, making the price more attractive to buyers.
The previous method, and the existing method for the $7,500 federal incentive, require a reimbursement after the sale, meaning you have to front the full cost of the vehicle until the paperwork goes through. Colorado's new system means you save the cash immediately.
For example, a new Chevy Bolt would be immediately available for around $30,000 from a Colorado dealer, and then once you receive the federal tax incentive, the final price is really only around $22,500. That makes the electric 5-door hatchback actually level with other ICE competitors in its segment.
Hopefully more states pick up similar incentive programs, as marking down the sticker price is more attractive than waiting on a check.


RICHMOND - In conjunction with the City of Richmond's Neighbor-To-Neighbor Initiative and HandsOn Greater Richmond, the Department of Parks, Recreation and Community Facilities will hold a Day of Service and Remembrance on Sunday, Sept. 11, in recognition of the 10th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. In addition, residents are asked to give back to the community by volunteering for various projects throughout the City.
Volunteers can sign up in advance to help with a project at http://www.richmondgov.com/NeighbortoNeighbor/VolunteerLocally, as well as at the remembrance ceremony, which will be held at the Carillon at 9 a.m. All volunteers will receive a free commemorative t-shirt and are invited to attend the ceremony prior to assisting with their chosen volunteer projects. The projects will take place from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.The general public is invited to attend the ceremony.
Volunteer projects include: a cleanup at Cannon Creek that will help with the development of a new greenway and bicycle and walking trail, a cleanup of graffiti on Belle Isle, and a cleanup of the Dogwood Dell theater at the Carillon. Sturdy shoes and long sleeve shirts and pants are required for the cleanup of Cannon Creek and Belle Isle. All volunteers should bring work gloves and be able to work in a rugged environment. The cleanup of the theatre would be an excellent project for anyone who enjoys theater and the Dogwood Dell.
There are a wide variety of other 9/11 volunteer projects from which to choose.
For the entire list of volunteer opportunities, please visit http://www.richmondgov.com/NeighborToNeighbor/911ServiceWeek.aspx. All volunteers should bring their own water and snacks.
For more information, please call the Department of Parks, Recreation and Community Facilities at 804-646-5733.


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Toxic Chemical Exposure in Youth Tied to Celiac Disease
by Lisa Rapaport for Everyday Health
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are found in products like pesticides, nonstick cookware, and fire retardants used on clothes and upholstery can interfere with the immune system. Now a small study suggests that exposure to these pollutants may also increase the risk of celiac disease in young people.
In a new study, Dr. Leo Trasande and colleagues at NYU found that children and young adults with high blood levels of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) — a chemical used in pesticides — may be twice as likely to develop celiac disease as their peers who haven't had much exposure to this pollutant, according to a study published in May 2020 in Environmental Research.
For the study, researchers tested for toxic chemicals in blood samples from 30 children and young adults ranging in age from 3 to 21 years old who had recently been diagnosed with celiac disease. They also ran blood tests for 60 young people who didn't have celiac disease but were similar in age, gender, and race to the participants with this diagnosis.
The current study is the first to make a connection between exposure to chemicals in the environment and celiac disease, says Luz Claudio, PhD, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.
"There was previous evidence to suggest that these chemicals can disrupt the immune system, either directly or by way of affecting hormones that help modulate it, and could produce autoimmune reactions such as those seen in diseases like celiac," says Dr. Claudio, who wasn't involved in the study. "Thus, it was conceivable that exposure to these types of chemicals could play a role in risk of celiac disease."
To read the full news articles with links to the original research, click below.
Toxins in Baby Food. What can parents do?
By Bob Curley for Healthline
Too many toxins are finding their way into food for young children, a new report says.
Tests of baby food sold in the United States revealed that 95 percent contain one or more toxic chemicals, including lead, arsenic, mercury, and cadmium.
And 1 in 4 of the 168 baby foods tested contained all four heavy metals, according to the report from the group Healthy Babies Bright Futures (HBBF).
Luz Claudio, PhD, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, told Healthline that she prepared her own baby food when her daughter was an infant, using steamed and pureed organic fruit and vegetables.
"One of the important things for parents to remember is that you may not know all of the ingredients (intentional or unintentional) that may go into baby food and juices marketed for children, even if you read the label," said Claudio, who also writes about science issues. "These products can have high levels of sodium, preservatives, artificial colors, pesticides, and other contaminants or additives."
Here are the takeaways of the article:
A consumer health group says almost all baby food contains at least one toxic chemical.
Researchers said the amounts of toxins in baby food are small, but the chemical contamination can build up over time.
Experts advise parents to avoid rice-based products and feed infants foods such as oatmeal.
How Many Houseplants Would It Take to Improve Your Health? Many.
By Melaina Juntti for Yahoo!
Along with greening up our living rooms and workspaces, houseplants have been shown to elevate mood, sharpen mental focus, and even boost productivity. Plants are also hyped as being all-natural indoor air purifiers, cleaning the air and sucking up airborne toxins that make us sneeze, wheeze, and develop cancer — well, that's what an infamous 1989 NASA study led us to believe, anyway.
The reality: Potted plants don't work like living HVAC devices, neutralizing nasty chemicals to help us breathe easy. It would be awesome if that were true, but experts today say it's simply a myth. Despite what old research implied, houseplants have very little if any impact on indoor air quality.
According to Luz Claudio, Ph.D., an environmental medicine and public health scientist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, common houseplants can indeed draw certain VOCs out of the air — but the degree to which they do so is negligible. "The amount that houseplants may reduce chemicals in a real-world environment is likely not enough to have a noticeable impact on human health," she says.
Diabetes risk and environmental exposure to PFAS, curbed by diet and exercise
by Lisa Rapaport for Reuters
A new study published by Dr. Andres Cardenas and colleagues from the University of California at Berkeley showed that PFAS contribute to diabetes development and that these effects can be reduced by healthy diet and exercise interventions.
PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl substances) are a class of chemicals that are often used to make objects stain resistant, non-stick or water resistant, among other uses. In their study, Cardenas and coworkers tested almost 1000 people who did not have diabetes for their exposure to these chemicals and followed them over time. They found that the participants' blood levels of several of these types of chemicals increased. Diabetes risk factors had increased in those participants who had high levels of exposure to these chemicals and also had not participated in diet and exercise programs. The study found that diet and exercise intervention reduced the risk of diabetes by 28%. Interestingly, each doubling of PFA levels in the blood of participants was associated with a 17% increase risk of developing diabetes complications, regardless of whether they participated in the diet and exercise intervention.
Commenting on this study, I was quoted as follows:
--The findings build on previous research linking PFASs and PFOA to diabetes, said Luz Claudio, an environmental medicine and public health researcher at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.
"It is very hard to avoid exposure to PFAs because they are in so many products and in some water supplies," Claudio, who wasn't involved in the study, said by email.
Nonstick cookware, however, is one source of PFA exposure that's easily avoided by using alternatives like ceramic, stainless steel, or cast iron, Claudio advised.--
Twelve-year-old girl invents device to visualize microplastics in the ocean
I have previously written about how food packaging, particularly plastic packaging, can affect environmental health. Solutions to this problem have been scarce, meanwhile, vast expanses of plastic waste are growing in the oceans. More recently, it has been discovered that plastic materials do not decompose, instead, they breakdown into tiny pieces called microplastics. In time, these microplastics are slowly turning the oceans into a toxic soup.
Chemicals contained in plastics may affect human health, especially in children. This is why it was so gratifying to see a 12-year-old girl's invention to help identify and visualize microplastics in the ocean. This young scientist, Anna Du, has entered her device to compete in the 2018 Discovery Education 3M Scientist Challenge. I commented on her invention for an article published in AccuWeather.com:
"I'm extremely impressed by her innovation and initiative to help solve the problem of plastics in the ocean, especially the issue of microplastics," said children's environmental health scientist Dr. Luz Claudio.
"We know that exposure to chemicals in plastics can affect human health, especially in children, and I'm glad to see that children can come up with solutions to the problems that we have created," Claudio said.
Comment on a Research Study that Suggests a Mediterranean Diet May Protect Against Effects of Air Pollution on Human Health
Several research studies have looked into whether a diet rich in antioxidants and other nutrients can help mitigate the health effects of exposure to pollutants in the environment. One such study from the lab of Dr. George Thurston, a professor of environmental health at New York University, was recently presented at the American Thoracic Society Conference in San Diego. Results suggested that having a dietary pattern resembling a Mediterranean diet could reduce adverse heart and lung effects caused by exposure to air pollution.
I was asked to comment on this preliminary work for the website Everyday Health. In the article, I was quoted as follows:
"Some air pollutants are thought to affect health through a mechanism called oxidative stress," says Luz Claudio, PhD, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, who was not involved in the research.
"Therefore, it is possible that people who consume more antioxidants in their diet may be better protected from the effects of exposure to such air pollutants," Dr. Claudio adds.
Can houseplants improve indoor air? - by Markham Heid for Time magazine.
After tidying up your home for spring cleaning, you might think of ways to clean up everything in your home, including the air. Some people think that one way to do that might be by having houseplants inside the home. It makes sense. Plants produce oxygen as they also capture carbon from the air. Could they also filter other pollutants from the air, especially inside the home?
I was recently interviewed about this question for an article in Time magazine. In it, I was quoted as follows:
"There are no definitive studies to show that having indoor plants can significantly increase the air quality in the home to improve health in a measurable way," says Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.
Claudio has reviewed the research on the air-quality benefits of indoor plants. She says there's no question that plants are capable of removing volatile chemical toxins from the air "under laboratory conditions." But in the real world—in your home, say, or in your office space—the notion that incorporating a few plants can purify your air doesn't have much hard science to back it up."
Second-hand plastic toys may be a source for toxic exposure in children
"As a mother, I understand that our children live in a plastic world and are surrounded by potentially hazardous chemicals," Claudio said. "I think that if parents become aware of the issues, they will come up with alternatives to protect their children." To read the article on Reuters News, click the link.
Quick and Easy Ways to Involve Children in Earth Day Every Day
We can do more to empower children in understanding nature and their own role in the environment. In this article published in Reader's Digest, we give 41 quick and easy ways to help children make a connection between what they do, the choices they make and the environment. Most of these actions take less than 5 minutes but can bring awareness and good habits to children, as they will one day inherit this Earth. Read the full article for great ideas to involve children in Earth Day Every Day.
5 Ways to Improve Your Recycling Habits by Barbara Davidson for NetCredit.com
This article provides 5 ways to encourage your household to recycle. In it, I was quoted as: "Make it easy to recycle by having a designated space for recycling." Also:
Repurpose and upcycle
Locate local recycling centers
Make recycling fun for the younger ones
54 Health and Wellness Experts Reveal the Single Most Important Tip for Living a Healthy Lifestyle by John Sichel for Delimmune
"A large portion of diseases is preventable. This is not a widespread concept, partly because the health-care system is really a "disease-care" system, where the emphasis is on managing disease once people have it, not on preventing disease. The environment plays a significant part in health and disease. The World Health Organization estimated that globally, a quarter of disease in adults and more than a third of children's diseases are caused by environmental factors. For example, 20% of lower respiratory infections are attributed to indoor and outdoor air pollution."
So, make environmental health part of your healthier lifestyle resolutions.
These are the Worst Hair Straighteners, According to a Doctorby Lisa Fogarty for She Finds
If your new look for the new year includes straightening your hair, be aware that some chemical straighteners can damage your hair and potentially also your health. "Finally, no conversation about chemical straighteners would be complete without mentioning the F-word: formaldehyde. Keratin hair straighteners or Brazilian blowout products are always a concern among experts because they contain formaldehyde, which is a toxic chemical ingredient, says Dr. Luz Claudio, Tenured Professor of Department of Preventive Medicine."
Some Plastic Teething Toys May Have Hormone - Altering Chemicals By Lisa Rapaport/ Reuters Health, The Daily Republic
6 Beauty Ingredients You Should Always Check The Label For. By Bethany Ramos, Sheknows.com
Fancy a cigarette? From rat poison to nail polish remover, this list of ingredients might make you think twice about lighting up. By Emma Inness, Dailymail.com
Chemicals and Ingredient List Confirm How Dangerous Smoking Really Is. By Admin Doja, Planehealth.com
What Is In A Cigarette? Chemicals and Ingredient List Confirm How Dangerous Smoking Really Is. By Justin Caba, Medicaldaily.com
Green cleaning: D-I-Y natural cleaners that actually work. By Karen B. Gibbs, Today.com
7 Scary Truths You Need To Know About Manicures. By Aly Walansky, Foxnews.com
Scary Truths You Need to KnowAbout Manicures. By Beautyhigh.com
Identifying and Reducing Environmental Health Risks of Chemicals in Our Society.
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Is Installing Artificial Turf a Good Idea? By Victoria T. Judson, New York Times
Sustainable Diets: Food for Healthy People and a Healthy Planet.
Understanding the Connections Between Coastal Waters & Ocean Ecosystem Services & Human Health


Portugal's national football team manager Fernando Santos on Sunday refused the team's favouritism, Europe's champion, in the qualification for the UEFA Euro 2020, saying they will have to play against Ukraine and Serbia for the two qualifying places.
The first two teams of each of the 10 groups, four of which come from play-offs, qualify for the final stage of the championship to compete in 12 cities between 12 June and 12 July.
The winners of the League of Nations, including Portugal, are automatically qualified if they do not get a direct qualification. In case they succeed, the spots in the playoffs will be occupied by the order of the League of Nations' ranking.
The qualification is to be played between 21 March and 19 November 2019 and the playoffs between 26 and 31 March 2020.