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Oscars 2014: Shortlist announced for Doc Shorts
The field of 40 Documentary Short Subject contenders has been whittled down to eight films, the Academy announced Thursday. Three to five will earn Oscar nominations.
The field of 40 Documentary Short Subject contenders has been whittled down to eight films, the Academy announced Thursday. (This is up from 31 last year.) Three to five will earn Oscar nominations.
Voters from the Academy's Documentary Branch viewed this year's eligible entries and submitted their ballots to PricewaterhouseCoopers for tabulation.
Here are the films, listed in alphabetical order by title, along with their production company:
"CaveDigger," Karoffilms
"Facing Fear," Jason Cohen Productions, LLC
"Jujitsu-ing Reality," Sobini Films
"Karama Has No Walls," Hot Spot Films
"The Lady in Number 6: Music Saved My Life," Reed Entertainment
"Prison Terminal: The Last Days of Private Jack Hall," Prison Terminal LLC
"Recollections," notrac productions
"SLOMO," Big Young Films and Runaway Films
We are less than 100 days away from the 86th Academy Awards nominations announcement, which will be announced live on Thursday, Jan. 16, 2014, at 5:35 a.m. PT.
Trailers and synopses
The Gold Knight searched the web for trailers and information about each film. Here's what we found:
"CaveDigger," from director Jeffrey Karoff, follows artist Ra Paulette as he creates art caves into sandstone cliffs in northern New Mexico. (Links: Website, Facebook.)
"Facing Fear" by Jason Cohen: "Worlds collide when a former neo-Nazi skinhead and the gay victim of his hate crime attack meet by chance 25 years after the incident that dramatically shaped both of their lives. Together, they embark on a journey of forgiveness that challenges both to grapple with their beliefs and fears, eventually leading to an improbable collaboration … and friendship." (Links: Website, Twitter, Facebook.)
"Jujitsu-ing Reality" by Chetin Chabuk follows Scott Lew, a screenwriter suffering from Lou Gehrig's Disease (ALS), working on his new film "Sexy Evil Genius."
From director Sara Ishaq, "Karama Has No Walls" is an eye-witness account that captures the tragic events of March 18, 2011 (named "The Friday of Karama"), that would change the course of the revolution in Yemen. (Links: Website, Facebook.)
The 86th Academy Awards, for outstanding film achievements of 2013, will be presented on Sunday, March 2, 2014, at the Dolby Theatre at Hollywood & Highland Center, and will be televised live on ABC and in more than 225 countries worldwide.
86th Annual documentary road to nominations shortlist shorts
The Gold Knight - Latest Academy Awards news and insight: Oscars 2014: Shortlist announced for Doc Shorts
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tRgKZrQaZqY/Ulwrn51G1_I/AAAAAAAAE9A/lOZx5h-_Sd8/s320/85thOscars_DocShort_Fine.jpg
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https://www.thegoldknight.com/2013/10/oscars-2014-shortlist-announced-for-documentary-short-subject.html


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British vessel burned off Rhode Island
In an incident that some regard as the first naval engagement of the American Revolution, colonists board the Gaspee, a British vessel that ran aground off the coast of Rhode Island, and set it aflame.
The Gaspee was pursuing the Hanna, an American smuggling ship, when it ran aground off Namquit Point in Providence's Narragansett Bay on June 9. That evening, John Brown, an American merchant angered by high British taxes on his goods, rowed out to the Gaspee with a number of other colonists and seized control of the ship. After leading away its crew, the Americans set the Gaspee afire.
When British officials attempted to prosecute the colonists involved in the so-called "Gaspee Affair," they found no Americans willing to testify against their countrymen. This renewed the tension in British-American relations and inspired the Boston Patriots to found the "Committee of Correspondence," a propaganda group that rallied Americans to their cause by publicizing all anti-British activity that occurred throughout the 13 colonies.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/british-vessel-burned-off-rhode-island
Best-selling crime novelist Patricia Cornwell is born
On this day in 1956, one of the world's top-selling crime novelists, Patricia Cornwell, best known for her forensic pathologist character Dr. Kay Scarpetta, is born in Miami, Florida. Cornwell, whose maiden name is Daniels, had a difficult childhood: When she was 5, her father, a ...read more
French navigator Jacques Cartier discovers St. Lawrence River
French navigator Jacques Cartier becomes the first European explorer to discover the St. Lawrence River in present-day Quebec, Canada. In 1534, Cartier was commissioned by King Francis I of France to explore the northern American lands in search of riches and the rumored ...read more
Secretariat wins Triple Crown in breathtaking style
With a spectacular victory at the Belmont Stakes, Secretariat becomes the first horse since Citation in 1948 to win America's coveted Triple Crown–the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness, and the Belmont Stakes. In one of the finest performances in ...read more
CIA report challenges "domino theory"
In reply to a formal question submitted by President Lyndon B. Johnson—"Would the rest of Southeast Asia necessarily fall if Laos and South Vietnam came under North Vietnamese control?"—the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) submits a memo that effectively challenges the "domino ...read more
Secretariat wins Triple Crown
On this day in 1973, Secretariat wins the Belmont Stakes to become the first Triple Crown winner since Citation in 1948. Secretariat ran the mile-and-a-half race in 2:24, a world record that many believe will never be broken. Secretariat, the son of Bold Ruler and Somethingroyal, ...read more
Mormon handcart pioneers depart for Salt Lake City
In an extraordinary demonstration of resolve and fortitude, nearly 500 Mormons leave Iowa City and head west for Salt Lake City carrying all their goods and supplies in two-wheeled handcarts. Of all the thousands of pioneer journeys to the West in the 19th century, few were more ...read more
"Have you no sense of decency?" Sen. Joseph McCarthy is asked in hearing
In a dramatic confrontation, Joseph Welch, special counsel for the U.S. Army, lashes out at Senator Joseph McCarthy during hearings on whether communism has infiltrated the U.S. armed forces. Welch's verbal assault marked the end of McCarthy's power during the anticommunist ...read more
William Jennings Bryan resigns as U.S. secretary of state
On June 9, 1915, United States Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resigns due to his concerns over President Woodrow Wilson's handling of the crisis generated by a German submarine's sinking of the British cruiser Lusitania the previous month, in which 1,201 ...read more

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Before you dig in to the articles and resources in this 26th edition of "What We're Reading", please take less than 1 minute to complete this survey to let us know how we can best provide you with the resources you need to maximize impact on your ELs.
In a column from The Hechinger Report, Jill Barshaw digs into a study that shows immigrants learned English in half the time when they were held back in third grade.
Larry Ferlazzo brings in a variety of experts to discuss how to promote speaking with ELs in part three of five-part series from Education Week.
From Middle Web, ELL Community contributor Valentina Gonzalez writes about replacing strategies that don't work those that do when working with ELs.
From Education Week, Joe Feldman takes a hard look at how we might make grading bias-resistant and fair for all students, including ELs.
For some great success stories around immigrants and refugees, take a look at Southern New Hampshire University's Global Education Movement.
The U.S. Department of Education's Office of English Language Acquisition (OELA) recently released the first part of their English Learner Family Toolkit as a way of helping answer questions families of ELs may have about school in the U.S.
From THE Journal, Dian Schaffhauser lays out why and how education needs to revamp how to teach English Learners STEM, complete with actionable recommendations.
In another STEM related article, Education Week's Corey Mitchell breaks down a Duke and Stanford study that shows immigrant students tend to study more STEM courses than their peers in high school and college.
From New America, Jenny Muñiz breaks down more research that shows integrating home language in school does not negatively impact English learning.
The Hechinger Report's Casey Parks highlights Louisiana State Athletic Association's decision to lift a rule requiring social security numbers for students to participate in sports.
Season 2 of the Highest Aspirations podcast is well underway with interviews on academic conversations with Jeff Zwiers and building relationships with immigrants communities with Laura Gardner.
Check out Whiteboard Wednesday, our weekly short video series where we bring you the week's most important ELL news and resources - all in less than 5 minutes.


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Home / News / New Interim Chief Executive joins Greater Birmingham and Solihull Local Enterprise Partnership
New Interim Chief Executive joins Greater Birmingham and Solihull Local Enterprise Partnership
Greater Birmingham and Solihull Local Enterprise Partnership has welcomed Ed Watson as its new Interim Chief Executive. Ed Watson will be in post as Katie Trout takes maternity leave.
Ed Watson is no stranger to the West Midlands having worked on thought leadership around the future of high streets and town centres with Solihull based Arup and as part of the West Midlands Combined Authority's Town Centre Task Force.
Ed Watson, Interim Chief Executive at GBSLEP said,
"I am really excited to be joining the GBSLEP at this critical time (keeping the seat warm for Katie). There is an incredible energy around the region, and I am really keen to get working with private, public and academic partners to drive the growth programme forward.
"GBSLEP has been playing a pivotal role during the current Covid-19 crisis and at the same time it has continued to deliver against its plans via the Local Growth Fund, Growth Hub, the Getting Building Fund and much more. I am looking forward to working with the LEP Board and Executive Team to ensure we can continue to create a sustainable and inclusive economy as we look to the future".
Ed Watson has spent most of his career in Local Government and is now Director of consultancy EW&A which provides strategic planning, place and political advice to a range of public and private sector clients.
He was integral in the reinvention of Kings Cross in London where he worked closely with Argent to deliver homes, jobs and infrastructure culminating in the investment of £1billion by Google in new offices and securing the arrival of The Crick. The Euston Strategic Board was set up by Ed Watson and he has also been at the helm of the high-profile West End Partnership working with businesses, communities and the Mayor of London.
Commenting on the new appointment Chair of GBSLEP, Tim Pile said,
"I very much welcome Ed to the team, and the Board Directors and I are looking forward to working with him".
"In the wake of Covid-19 we have been working hard to help SMEs build upon their resilience by creating business led interventions. At the same time, we have continued to deliver our growth programme to ensure opportunities for economic recovery are in place as we emerge from this devastating pandemic.
"Ed brings a wealth of experience with him through his work in the public sector, with communities and businesses nationally. This approach aligns with the LEP's partnership approach which enables us to create joined-up, targeted and intelligence led solutions and investments to achieve our ambition of inclusive and sustainable economic growth."


There's something special about cooking comforting meals like this during the Fall that will warm you up and have your kitchen smelling festive. Cozy up with someone you love and enjoy this delicious pumpkin soup on a cool fall night!
This treat is so yummy you can eat it with gluten free crackers, veggies, on a veggie sandwich. It's a special seasonal treat I know you'll enjoy.
My Pumpkin Pie Smoothie tastes rich and decadent - vegan and gluten free as well. I use raw cashews and my own Pumpkin Pie Spice Blend to make this a healthy, delicious treat that won't make you bloated.


The Elstead Lighting Alahambre 2 Light Table Lamp Is Part Of The Quoizel Tiffany Collectibles Range, American Tiffany Style Lighting Bought.
The Softly Arched Brass Wire Arms Suspended Over Cream-Coloured Opalescent Glass With Wine Accents Gives This Cone-Shaped Shade The Illusion Of Being Dome-Shaped. Clear, Granite Textured Glass Connects All The Elements, Giving A Multi-Dimensional, Web-Like Feel.
The Quoizel Alahambre 2 Light Tiffany Style Table Lamp Contains 96 Pieces Of Glass And The Metalwork Is In A Vintage Bronze Finish.


Read on for tips on how to get your bathroom sparkling clean once again! Cleaning the bathroom is not as difficult or time-consuming as you might think! You will need to use different strategies and cleaning materials for the different fixtures and areas of your bathroom, but you don't need many products to make your bathroom sparkle.... Cleaning sanitary items in the bathroom can be a cumbersome activity that eats both your time and your nerves. And the tub is the most difficult to wash, especially if it is made of cast iron.
One way to get rid of germs and make your bathtub look brand new again is by using a mixture of 1/2 cup of vinegar, 1 cup of rubbing alcohol, and 1/4 cup of water. Add all the ingredients to 4 quarts of warm water. Spread the mixture evenly over the dirty areas, let it sit for 15 minutes, and then rinse well. You will be amazed at how clean your shower will be.... A clean bathtub is important for health, personal hygiene and the aesthetics of your home. White bathtubs, however, can get dirty and stained until it seems that they will never be sparkling white again.
For many, it can be quite dreadful to clean a bathroom. Others choose to hire a professional home cleaner to get the job done without breaking a sweat. Unfortunately, you do still need to perform regular light cleaning on the days that the cleaners won't be stopping by — and the more you avoid... Also, if the holes on the sifter are clogged, use a toothpick to pierce through them, and continue cleaning to achieve a sparkling clean sifter, and a clear bathtub drain. To keep your bathtub sparkling clean, use the above-mentioned simple vinegar and water solution, and avoid the unnecessary soap and oil buildup, and the growth of mold.
Fill a plastic bag with vinegar and secure it around the shower head to get rid of all the buildup. thenymelrosefamily.com Do this first, so it can sit while you clean the rest of the bathroom.
See more What others are saying "The bathtub can be such a pain to get clean! And with so many shower/tub cleaners out there, it's hard to know which one to go with.
As the days of summer grow longer, it's the perfect time to get your home sparkling clean. Summer means open doors and windows, and the sun streaming in sheds light on any areas you may have neglected over the winter.
Imagine you're in an infomercial. As you desperately try scrubbing the hard, stuck-on stains out of your shower and bathtub, you wipe the sweat from your brow and breathe a sigh of exhaustion.
Caur12 Source: Caur12 Even when you do clean it, it can be hard to get rid of all the dirt, grime, and stains. Even the best bathroom products can't get rid of that dirt that is deep in your tile or that ring around the bathtub.


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MIT Fellow Accuses Facebook of 'Lifting' His Ideas for Libra Cryptocurrency
Crypto For Everyone > Alex Lipton > MIT Fellow Accuses Facebook of 'Lifting' His Ideas for Libra Cryptocurrency
July 26, 2019 Alex Lipton, Banking, Business News, Libra, MIT, News, Sandy Pentland, Sila, Technology NewsAlex Lipton, banking, Business News, Libra, MIT, News, Sandy Pentland, Sila, Technology NewsCryptoForEveryone
Avid students of the literature on monetary innovation might feel deja vu when reading Facebook's Libra white paper.
Several aspects of the social network's much-ballyhooed global cryptocurrency project uncannily resemble the vision laid out in a paper published last year in the Royal Society's Open Science publication.
For example, the Libra paper described a digital coin that would maintain its value because it was backed by a basket of fiat currencies and short-term debt. This echoed the July 2018 paper by MIT big-hitters Alex Lipton, Thomas Hardjono and Alex "Sandy" Pentland, who described an asset-backed, supra-national digital token. (To be sure, the assets in their proposal were commodities like oil or crops).
Continuing the similarities, Libra Association, a group of 27 financial, tech and VC companies tentatively committed to Facebook's project, carried a whiff of the hypothetical consortium governing Tradecoin. Both proposed coins were intended to streamline domestic and cross-border payments and, more loftily, to extend financial services to the world's underbanked. And of course, Libra and Tradecoin both would run on distributed ledgers.
Coincidences? Not in Lipton's view.
The MIT Connection Science Fellow told CoinDesk:
"Without being particularly obnoxious, I can tell you that the actual structure of Libra is pretty much lifted verbatim from the paper which Sandy Pentland and Thomas Hardjono and I published last year."
Sounding a bit miffed, Lipton said the scholars' work was "not mentioned in the Libra document at all, but, what adds a little bit of insult to injury is this paper was published as part of this free-for-all part of the Free Science part of the Royal Society effort." (Unlike most of the society's journals, Open Science requires no subscription to read.)
Lipton, former head of Bank of America's global quant business, wears a few hats. He advises fintech projects on working with central banks, including the Utility Settlement Coin's technology provider Clearmatics. He is also the chief technical officer for Sila, a platform designed to help fintech firms interface with the financial system using a dollar-pegged stablecoin.
The ideas in the Royal Society paper appeared in an earlier version Lipton co-authored with Pentland, which was the cover article for an issue of Scientific American on the future of money, Lipton noted, adding:
"The Libra people cannot really say that they have not read that. Or, if they have not read that, they shouldn't be probably doing what they are doing in the first place."
Facebook declined to comment.
Critiquing Libra
To be fair, the economic design of Libra, as stated in its white paper, aims to integrate harmoniously with the existing infrastructure; for example, the Libra Association says it doesn't want to impinge on the purview of central banks.
Tradecoin, on the other hand, could be seen as notionally more of a challenger to the status quo, offering "a way that small countries, sovereign wealth funds, and retirement funds could get a fair shake in the world's financial system, instead of being ignored or exploited by the big central banks," as the authors put it in a more recent paper.
Lipton also noted that since Tradecoin would be backed by hard assets such as oil or commercial crops, this would dictate, to some degree, the consortium members. "We were thinking about raw material producers, supra-national organizations, and, possibly, a couple of large-scale payment providers, but certainly not the likes of Uber."
In any case, a key design problem with Libra, said Lipton, is that the coin would be issued in a "non-immunized fashion, so to speak, against financial paper."
Lipton explained that since it is hard to earn interest on cash, Libra will need to buy government securities and other high-grade paper as additional backing for the coin. As a result, the owner of the bond will receive money from Libra (which it will collect from consumers in return for libra coins) and this money will start to circulate in the system.
In addition, Libra will issue coins which, if they work as intended, will act as money as well. As such, there would be twice as much money in the system, will all the negative consequences, he said.
"In developing countries, it will cause enormous inflation because the amount of money will be kind of doubled, roughly speaking, in fact much more than doubled," said Lipton. "I am not a big fan of quantity theory of money, but I am absolutely certain that as the amount of money explodes, prices will go up."
That's clearly not how Libra sees it. The white paper describes a stabilization mechanism whereby authorized resellers will purchase the coin in response to demand – and conversely when people want to sell Libra they receive fiat.
But Lipton claimed money will be created implicitly, regardless of the design goals. "This is different from what happens when you or I buy bonds – we pay in money which starts to circulate, but cannot use bonds for payments directly – hence money does not multiply," he said.
Despite the considerable regulatory headwinds Libra faces, if it can pull this off, the stakes are enormous, Lipton acknowledged.
If Libra can capture 10 percent of, say, $3 trillion per day of dollar/euro foreign exchange trade, and the member companies' nodes charge 10 basis points as a transaction fee (bear in mind Visa and MasterCard charge 2-3 percent for their services) that's already $300 million a day, said Lipton. Add on the benefit from interest payments expected from the collateral, which Lipton estimates could be about $10 billion to $20 billion per year, and the Libra Association's members are making a pretty penny.
"It kind of crystalizes thinking, no question about it," he said.
Alexander Lipton (foreground) at Consensus 2019, image via CoinDesk archives
Facebook's David Marcus Responds to Critics Over…
Facebook's Libra Concept Will Impact Cross-Border…
G7 Forming Task Force in Response Facebook's Libra…
German Finance Minister Says Gov't Must Reject…
Consumer Advocates Urge Libra Members to Quit…
Report: G7 Says 'Global Stablecoins' Pose Threat to…
'However Long It Takes': Zuckerberg Vows to Win Over…
China Should Prepare Digital Yuan to Counter…
Bitcoin Noticeably Absent From Senate Hearing on…
Swiss Central Banker 'Relaxed' About Facebook's Libra Crypto
← Venezuelan Gov't Reportedly Dodges US Sanctions With Crypto in Airports	Safeway Shoppers Can Now Get Bitcoin Back as Change at 894 US Stores →


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Just a bit of Iowa subject matter for all of you residents still living there.
Its for a good cause everyone: To police officers, families, friends, and anyone who supports law enforcement to sign a petition that will show the senate that Iowans would support funding a fallen officer memorial license plate. The goal is to attach funds to the plate that will go towards education grants for children of officers who are killed in the line of duty.
Just wanted you to know about it.
THIS IS THE PETITION, CLICK HERE AND SIGN ME!!


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Letter to the Senate on carbon neutrality of forest biomass
65 research scientists and practitioners express concern over the implications of a "forest biomass carbon neutrality" Senate Amendment 3140 to the Energy Policy Modernization Act that was recently accepted by the US Senate.
Environmental Policy,
The letter below was sent to 10 U.S. senators who are working on the Energy Policy Modernization Act. The Senate has accepted an amendment to the act which would legally designate forest biomass to be "carbon neutral." This means that U.S. Federal agencies would be required to assume that burning wood (instead of coal) to generate electricity emits no greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, even though this is not the case.
Dear Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, Minority Leader Harry Reid, Chairwoman Lisa Murkowski, and Ranking Member Maria Cantwell:
We are 65 research scientists and practitioners who study energy, soils, forested and wetland ecosystems and climate change. We are writing in our individual capacities to express our concern over the implications of a "forest biomass carbon neutrality" Senate Amendment 3140 to the Energy Policy Modernization Act that was recently accepted by the US Senate.
This well-intentioned legislation, which claims to address climate change, would in fact promote deforestation in the U.S. and elsewhere and make climate change much worse.
The amendment would require all federal departments and agencies to promote consistent policies that "reflect the carbon neutrality of forest bioenergy and recognize biomass as a renewable energy source." Mandating that there are no carbon dioxide emissions from burning wood from forests to produce energy does not make it so in fact.
The consequence of the amendment is to encourage a shift to forest biofuels in the form of pellets and wood chips to replace coal in the generation of electricity. Wood burning power plants are becoming more numerous in the United States and in the European Union. The US Department of Commerce and the US Forest Service are promoting expanded export of American wood pellets for this purpose to Europe and to Asia. Burning any carbon containing substance whether biomass or fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Burning forest biomass to make electricity releases substantially more carbon dioxide per unit of electricity than does coal. Removing the carbon dioxide released from burning wood through new tree growth requires many decades to a century, and not all trees reach maturity because of drought, fire, insects or land use conversion. All the while the added carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere trapping heat. Right now, large areas of American forests including old growth trees are being cleared for pellets that are shipped to Europe and burned to produce electricity that is counted there as zero carbon. There is no requirement in the amendment that trees used for bioenergy be replaced. International obligations require the United States to account for bioenergy emissions from either the energy sector or as land-use change.
While forest biomass energy may be renewable over the long-term, it is not a low-carbon source of energy like solar panels. Using the same amount of land area, solar panels produce up to 80-times as much electricity as wood burning with no emissions at all. Yet with this amendment, both might receive the same subsidy under the Act. Furthermore, fossil fuel emissions associated with producing bioenergy (harvesting, chipping, drying, pelletizing and transporting) are equivalent to 20-25% of direct emissions, and under this legislation these emissions are unaccounted for.
Forest bioenergy as currently produced also competes with land for other forest products including timber, paper and agriculture. Promoting forest biomass therefore encourages additional deforestation.
Granting carbon amnesty to forest biomass burning for energy could lead to significant depletion of US forests. The potential implications of declaring carbon neutrality for forest biofuels are great because even small quantities of bioenergy require large quantities of wood. The US Energy Information Agency estimates that for each 1% added to current US electricity production from forest biomass an additional 18% increase in US forest harvest is required. This policy would also encourage the destruction of forests in developing countries that would see the US as an export market. This would undermine international attempts to protect tropical forests in these countries through the programs agreed to in Paris.
This amendment puts forest carbon in the atmosphere contributing to climate change instead of keeping it in living, productive forests that provide multiple benefits of water and wetland protection, flood control, soils protection, wildlife habitat, improved air quality and recreational benefits for hunters and all who enjoy being in the great out-of-doors. Legislating scientific facts is never a good idea, but is especially bad when the "facts" are incorrect. We urge you and other members of the Senate to reconsider this well-intentioned legislation and eliminate the misrepresentation that forest bioenergy is carbon-neutral.
We respectfully request an opportunity to inform you and other Senators of the scientific evidence for the appropriate accounting of forest bioenergy emissions. You could perform a great service by proposing and enacting legislation that effectively addresses climate change by enhancing the capacity of forests to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere. Any number of us would be willing to testify or to assist you and your staff in meeting the climate challenge with scientifically sound actions.
Philip B. Duffy, Ph.D. President and Executive Director Woods Hole Research Center pduffy@whrc.org 508-444-1504
Prof. Emeritus William R. Moomaw, Ph.D., Co-Director Global Development and Environment Institute, Tufts University william.moomaw@tufts.edu 617-335-3994
William Schlesinger, Ph.D., President Emeritus, Cary Institute schlesingerw@caryinstitute.org
cc Olivia Kurtz, Senator Collins' Energy legislative Council, James Springer, Senator King's Energy legislative Council, Anne Knapke, Senator Klobuchar's Energy legislative Council and Blaise Sheriden, Senator Franken's Legislative Council
Viney P. Aneja, Ph.D.
Professor Air Quality
Professor Environmental Technology
Loretta Battaglia, Ph.D.
Secretary General, Society of Wetland Scientists
Associate Professor of Wetland Ecology
Mary S. Booth, Ph.D.
Partnership for Policy Integrity
Jonah Busch, Ph.D.
Senior Fellow, Center for Global Development
Washington, DC.
Ken Caldeira, Ph.D.
Department of Global Ecology
Carnegie Institution for Science
Eric Chivian, M.D.
Founder and Former Director
The Center for Health and the Global Environment
James Clark, Ph.D.
Nicholas School of the Environment
Jeffrey Corbin, Ph.D.
Eric A. Davidson, Ph.D.
Professor and Director Appalachian Laboratory
University of Maryland Center for
Steven J. Davis, Ph.D.
Dept. of Earth System Science
Saara J. DeWalt, Ph.D.
David Foster, Ph.D.
Director, Harvard Forest
Peter Frumhoff, Ph.D.
Director of Science and Policy
James Galloway, Ph.D.
Sidman P. Poole Professor
Scott Goetz, Ph.D.
Deputy Director and Senior Scientist
Woods Hole Research Center
Mark E. Harmon, Ph.D.
Richardson Chair and Professor
Sarah Hobbie, Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior
Richard A. Houghton, Ph.D.
Senior Scientist and George M. Woodwell Chair for Global Ecology
Robert M. Hughes,
President, International Fisheries Section
American Fisheries Society
Deborah Lawrence, Ph.D.
Gene E. Likens, Ph.D.
Distinguished Research Professor
Special Advisor to the University President on Environmental Affairs
Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
Founding Director and President Emeritus
Richard N. Mack, Ph.D.
Jerry Melillo, Ph.D.
Distinguished Scientist
The Ecosystems Center
Susan Natali, Ph.D.
Associate Scientist
James E. Perry, Ph.D., PWS
Immediate Past President, Society of Wetland Scientists
Professor of Marine Science
Jennifer Powers, Ph.D.
Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior
Jonathan Sanderman, Ph.D.
Herman H. Shugart, Ph.D.
W.W. Corcoran Professor
James R. Strittholt, Ph.D.
President/Executive Director
Conservation Biology Institute
Richard H. Waring, Ph.D.
O.S.U. Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Forest Ecosystems
Matt R. Whiles, Ph.D.
Professor of Zoology
President, Society for Freshwater Science
Director, SIU Center for Ecology
Interim Director, Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory
George M. Woodwell, Ph.D.
Henry W. Art, Ph.D.
Samuel Fessenden Professor of Biology
Matthew Berman, Ph.D.
Mark Bradford, Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology
Robert Cabin, Ph.D.
Professor of Ecology and Environmental Science
Brevard College
Julia Cherry, Ph.D.
Treasurer, Society of Wetland Scientists
Associate Professor of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Wetland Ecology
Norm L. Christensen, Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus and Founding Dean
Steve Colt, Ph.D.
Gretchen C. Daily, Ph.D.
Bing Professor of Environmental Science
Gillian T. Davies, M.E.S., PWS,
Registered Soil Scientist, NHCWS
President Elect, Society of Wetland Scientists
David Dethier, Ph.D.
Edward Brust Professor of Geology and
Aaron M. Ellison, Ph.D.
Senior Research Fellow in Ecology, Harvard Forest
Andrew J. Friedland, Ph.D.
Richard and Jane Pearl Professor of Environmental Studies
Adjunct Professor of Biological Sciences and Earth Sciences
Paul W. Gabrielson, Ph.D.
President, Phycological Society of America
Adjunct Assistant Professor of Biology
Andrew George, Ph.D.
Community Engagement Research Associate
Matthew C. Hansen, Ph.D.
Department of Geographical Sciences
John Harte, Ph.D.
Professor of Ecosystem Sciences
ERG/ESPM
R. Max Holmes, Ph.D.
Robert W. Howarth, Ph.D.
David R. Atkinson Professor of Ecology and Environmental Biology
Editor-in-Chief, Limnology & Oceanography
Founding Editor, Biogeochemistry
Malcolm L. Hunter, Jr, Ph.D.
Libra Professor of Conservation Biology
University of Maine, Orono
John Lichter, Ph.D.
Professor of Biology and Environmental Studies
Bowdoin College
Thomas Lovejoy, Ph.D.
Senior Fellow, United Nations Foundation
Professor, Environmental Science and Policy
James McCarthy, Ph.D.
Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology
Jacqueline Mohan, Ph.D.
Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology & Biogeochemistry
Neil Pederson, Ph.D.
Senior Ecologist, Harvard Forest
Kimberli J. Ponzio, M.S., PWS
President, Society of Wetland Scientists
G. Philip Robertson, Ph.D.
Dept. of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences
Timothy D. Searchinger, J.D.
Science, Technology and Environmental Program
Miles Silman, Ph.D.
Andrew Sabin Professor of Conservation Biology
Richard Thomas, Ph.D.
Professor and Chair of Biology
Alan S. Weakley, Ph.D.
Director, UNC Herbarium
Herb Wilson, Ph.D.
Arey Professor of the Biosciences
Phycological Society of America
Paul W. Gabrielson, Ph.D., President
Society of Wetland Scientists,
Kimberli J. Ponzio, M.S., PWS, President
Society for Freshwater Science
Matt R. Whiles, Ph.D., President
Cloudburst-prone cities should share their umbrellas — and plans
Football-sized invasive mussels nearly escaped detection. What else are we missing?
Sea-level rise revisited


text:
Home > Articles > Digital Photography
Behind the Lens with Vincent Laforet: The Art of Sports
By Vincent Laforet
Sports Beginnings
The Apex of Emotion
Finding Order in Chaos
Handling the Stress
Background Awareness
A Telling Moment
The Sustentation Moment
The Unusual Background
< Back Page 6 of 9 Next >
Visual Stories: Behind the Lens with Vincent Laforet
This is an example of when the best choice was to go wide. Though you can't really see it, the background was full of reporters wearing different colored shirts and typing on laptops. With a telephoto lens, the background would have looked ugly.
Fluorescent lighting illuminated the venue, so most people were shooting pans at slow shutter speeds. The background was too ugly to freeze the athlete mid-air and still make the image work.
I went to the extreme and used what most people would have considered dead space in the composition. I used a tilt-shift lens and maximized the tilt so that only the center focal plane was in focus. Everything at the top and bottom went out of focus. It's pretty carefully composed, in that the flags are at the top of the frame with the three lights. The rule of thirds absolutely applies here.
Then I just waited for the diver, who would go on to win the gold medal, to dive off the board. It's a very balanced picture, and the decisive moment is him arching his back as he leapt off the diving board. This photograph helps provide a sense of scale and reveals what a very dangerous feat this is. You don't appreciate that with a 400mm-lens shot.
You appreciate how small he is, given the size of the venue, and you start to calculate the distance from his body to the water. It gets you thinking a little bit. It also gets you to think about him just releasing—letting go. It's like the ultimate leap of faith.
Making the choice of how to handle the background frees me to capture the key moment, the "sustentation moment," in a single frame.
This photograph helps provide a sense of scale and reveals what a very dangerous feat this is. You don't appreciate that with a 400mm-lens shot.
Adobe Photoshop Elements 2019 Classroom in a Book
By Jeff Carlson
Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom Classic CC Classroom in a Book (2019 release), 2nd Edition
By Rafael Concepcion


Herve Fretay, left, and Fabrice Lefevre, right, both discussed sustainable and sensory innovation during the launch party for Givaudan Active Beauty's Sensoria.
During a private party at the Hermitage Amsterdam during in-cosmetics Global, Givaudan Active Beauty presented Sensoria, a new sensory concept that merges ethical sourcing, cosmetics and fragrance in a single product.
The formulation comprises 10-15% fragrance with active ingredients. Vetivyne is derived from vetiver grown in Haiti, which is produced by a local cooperative.
After the vetiver roots are processed to derive aromatic oil for use in brands such as Diptyque and Love Beauty and Planet, the "exhausted" plant material is reprocessed, or upcycled, using a water-based process to derive Vetivyne.
The multifunctional patent-pending ingredient reportedly restores the whole skin lipids synthesis and increases hydration, decreases skin fatigue, reduces perilabial wrinkles and boosts fragrance long-lastingness.
The Sensoria formulation also comprises Neurophroline, an Ayurvedic extract with stress blocking and anti-pollution activity; BisaboLife, soothing and sustainable bisabolol; and BlurHD, a gardenia extract with anti-aging and antioxidant properties.
The formulation is housed in black and gold droplet packaging and is intended to rejuvenate the skin, while also imparting a fine fragrance aroma.
The multifunctional concept marks the intersection of technology, sustainability and multi-faceted beauty products that offer several benefits simultaneously.


Marion: I studied spatial planning at the Vienna University of Technology. For the last three years of my academic path, I worked at KDZ - Centre for Public Administration Research as a project assistant. I am now a research associate at KDZ and my main focus is on public finances and European governance.
Ovidiu: I am the director of local development at the City Hall of Cluj-Napoca, in charge of European funding projects and the management of the city's Innovation and Civic Imagination Centre. I have a bachelor's degree in Political Sciences from Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, a master's degree in Comparative European Political Studies, a master's degree in Political Sciences and a PhD in International Relations and European Studies.
Victoria: I'm 18 years old and study social science with an economic focus in high school. I work as a tutor and sports instructor as well as participating in different projects and I am really looking forward to being part of Eurocities 2018.
M: It is very important for citizens to get involved in future developments and I try to start with myself. I applied for the young ambassadors programme because I am very interested in the development of European cities and often dealt with different city affairs, especially in Vienna, in the course of my spatial planning studies. I want to exchange experiences with people from other cities and create future cities as well as a future Europe together.
O: Being nominated to represent my city as a young ambassador is a responsibility and also a self-acknowledgement of my role in the local ecosystem of one of the most dynamic cities in this part of Europe. I believe in the importance of assuming one's role in the community to create a context for development and make the younger generation's voice heard at the decision making level. At the same time, I take all opportunities to learn and develop myself, to meet the expectations of my community. I strongly believe in working in a team, in the importance of creating a local ecosystem not an ecosystem. It is always exciting to meet new people and hear their views.
V: I believe that it will be very educational to be part of this programme as a young ambassador and to develop my competencies as well as build contact networks for the future. To be able to meet people from all over Europe helps one become a more open and understanding individual.
M: EUROCITIES, as a network of major European cities, has the ability to have an essential impact on how decisions in a multi-level governance structure can be made. It is very important to get people involved in these decisions and to show them the possibilities to participate. We have to generate interest in designing the future of Europe, the countries and the cities together.
O: I would like to thank Mr Daniel Termont for the`Cities4Europe - Europe for Citizens` project, which shows the importance of putting different communities from the EU together. It also creates a context for each city to acknowledge for its inhabitants their European identity and the way Europe makes a difference in their everyday life. Recognising European young leaders as a driving force to move their local communities, all over the continent, creates an environment where communication and partnership are at the heart of the process. It also helps drive energies towards changing and merging the mindset of the individuals who will have a say in how Europe will look tomorrow.
V: I thank you greatly for giving me the opportunity to discuss various topics concerning the future of Europe with different cities and people. It is a great honour to be attending the EUROCITIES conference in Edinburgh 2018.
M: One of my favourite places in Vienna is the Alte Donau, a branch of the Danube. It's a very green spot with lots of places where you can go swimming in the river or sit at the waterside and enjoy a good book or have a coffee. I like it very much because you meet lots of different people and most parts of this public space are free to use.
O: Cluj-Napoca is fortunate to have its own historical dish, 'cabbage a la Cluj' (varza a la Cluj), which reinterprets the taste of the traditional Romanian stuffed cabbage through Cluj's multicultural taste into a dish that everybody enjoys.
V: One of my favourite things to do during the summer is to visit an event called the Culture Party in Gothenburg (20 minutes from Kungsbacka), which lasts for five days. During the event there are stands serving food from all over the world and concerts with artists from each corner of the planet. In my opinion, nothing that beats the festive feeling and the multicultural atmosphere.
O: Water – to live, books – to nourish the mind, lighter – because fire is the element that will push evolution.
V: A toolbox, 'The Catcher in the Rye' by J.D Salinger and my dog.
M: I would definitely focus on the allocation of affordable housing of an acceptable standard. I would also place emphasis on reducing the use of motorised individual transport within the city and beyond its borders. I would try to maintain the high quality of living and attempt to further fulfil the needs of society, ecology and the economy.
O: Sustainable mobility, electric cars and bikes and smart city solutions would be on the top of my agenda. Involving citizens in the decision making process would also be important in order to have the best solutions for our city. Access to education, culture and sport would be at the core of local public policies since these are the key factors for ensuring citizens' quality of life. If I was mayor for a day I would invest my energy in achieving the goals of this vision at the local level.
V: I would focus on equal studies in school to stop the gender gaps that cause sexism and affect people's lives. I would spread awareness about the reasons behind migration to stop the increasing xenophobia and racism, especially towards refugees who have fought their way to Europe. I would also spread awareness about the environmental issues our world is facing. I would provide people with hope for a better future and focus on the positives in how far we've come regarding climate goals.
M: … live human rights, provide everyone with a home of decent quality and ensure public transport enables people to avoid motorised individual transport. Everyone will have equal chances within an inclusive education system. The future Europe will have managed to create and secure jobs and to raise its overall quality of living.
O: … stand for the liberty of all individuals. It will be a Europe that ensures freedom of speech, movement and work and a Europe that leaves no one behind. Europe in 2030 will be the leading power in the world in education, research and innovation. We will be environmentally friendly and we will protect our planet.
V: … be a place where unity and diversity go hand in hand and where millions of people are able to live their lives in an equal democracy. As the world-famous actor Charlie Chaplin once said, "In this world there's room for everyone and a good earth is rich and can provide for everyone. The way of life can be free and beautiful."


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text:
Accommodating a liquid workforce
How to create the right workspace for the blend of freelance and full-time employees
The rise of the liquid workforce is transforming the way people work together, with demand soaring for freelance services and a growing pool of talent ready to supply it. Over the past five years, the number of contingent, "on-demand" workers has spiked, now comprising roughly 30 percent of the U.S. workforce. And yet, full-time talent recruitment and retention remain a vital part of the equation, considering clear benefits such as institutional knowledge and long-term employee engagement.
So, how can we offer the right workspaces for this blended, liquid workforce?
First, let's consider the factors that brought these together. By understanding freelance and full-time team members' various needs and values, you can revamp your workplace strategy to ensure everyone has a place.
The roots of our increasingly liquid workforce
We're living in a time of profound social and technological change. Many people are craving more autonomy in their work, which can make freelance work's flexibility highly appealing.
At the same time, geopolitical and economic uncertainty are pressuring organizations to become more agile. Since the global economic crisis, businesses have had to become more competitive. Demand for shorter product lifecycles and converging industries is forcing continual innovation.
As a result of these converging trends, the "Hollywood Model" of enlisting on-demand workers for specific projects is taking off in multiple industries. After all, it's a win-win when a team of willing experts can be hired to swoop in and innovate, then swoop back out whenever they like. With this model, you can avoid healthcare costs and other employee benefits, and ramp up or pull back on spending more easily than with a full bench of salaried employees.
They may not be long-term collaborators, but freelancers can make a meaningful contribution to the project — and organization as a whole — when they're set up to succeed alongside their full-time colleagues.
Workplace strategies to empower the whole team
A blend of workers needs a variety of workspace options. But how can you create a flexible workspace without making people feel displaced? What mix of work areas will best empower freelancers without sacrificing a sense of ownership for full-timers?
While there is no one-size-fits-all answer, one core tenet to workplace design for a liquid workforce exists: Offer a boundary-less workplace. Stuffy, boxy workspaces are out, and so are desk assignments. Winning at the future of work depends on enabling every worker to work in the right place at the right time.
Here are some key considerations in designing a flexible, inspiring workplace:
1. Offer a vibrant workplace hub.
The modern worker craves choice — and that includes choice of space within a collaboration-friendly headquarters. This means offering a mix of touchdown space, hot-desking and collaboration zones alongside easy-to-reserve private conference rooms and other quiet areas for heads-down work.
The central location is ground zero for showcasing your organization's culture, which can instill pride in full-timers and at the same time, viscerally engage freelancers who are only there for a short time. That dual benefit is important, considering nearly 60 percent of CEOs say having the right culture is the most important ingredient for successful innovation.
2. Manage uncertainty with workspace planning.
Old real estate planning models were based on the ratio of people, to desks, to square feet. That kind of thinking isn't going to cut it anymore. Now savvy workplace strategy is no longer based on simple formulas, but instead, curating spaces that will drive experience, empower workers and ultimately further organizational goals.
"To plan ahead, use analytics to understand and predict the ebb and flow of HR needs."
To tailor the right spaces, begin by evaluating the need. Ask these questions: What are the different daily tasks that go on in each section of the office? Will freelancers and full-timers vie for the same space?
Study work practices, using tools like seat sensor data as well as employee surveys, to establish which needs are currently being met and which ones aren't. From there, you can map out the best way to configure existing space and determine whether more or less of it is needed. Naturally, specific needs will vary — depending on the department or project. For example, sales teams will often be out on calls, potentially requiring less full-time desk space than people on the accounting team, who will more often be working at their desks.
One simple way to set up for success is to choose adjustable, portable furniture, such as foldable desks and chairs, filing units that double as informal chat chairs, and sound-absorbing privacy panels.
To plan further ahead, use analytics to understand and predict the ebb and flow of HR needs. With such insights, you'll have a better sense of how much change you'll need to accommodate people over time. This can also help you determine how much flexible, unassigned space to provide, so that you can comfortably handle more people when needed, but also prevent an atmosphere of emptiness when they're not.
3. Empower offsite work from anywhere, anytime.
Having quality choices at HQ is important, but it doesn't satisfy the people's growing need to work outside the office. According to a JLL research, 54 percent of people work at home at least five days a month, and 33.6 percent work regularly at other places like cafes or coworking spaces.
Quality, connected offsite work is becoming easier to do every day with plentiful collaboration enablers such as Skype, DropBox, Jabber and Hadoop. Whether you offer access to a coworking space like WeWork, or simply support their desire to work from home or their favorite coffee shop, flexibility options pay off in terms of freelancer and full-timer satisfaction alike. According to a WorkplaceTrends.com survey, 7 out of 10 HR leaders now use workplace flexibility programs as a recruiting and retention tool.
4. Cross-pollinate HR, workplace and technology goals.
A large body of research shows that high performance connected technology benefits the employee experience. For example, in addition to tech-enabled remote working options cited above, automatic lighting and personalized temperature control options help ensure full-timer comfort — and are also simple ways that incoming contractors can make themselves at home.
When real estate, technology and HR teams work together, they can better support different teams and styles of workers, whether they are working side by side, on-site or remotely.
No talent left behind
There is no longer a gold standard for how, or where, we deploy talent. Freelance and full-time contributors have their place and it's our responsibility to ensure that they are accommodated for in the workplace.
So don't forget: to inspire this newly blended workforce, remember to blend your spaces, too.
Give city leaders the powers they need to build back better
Tips for being productive during the pandemic
Tourism management and destination recovery through the crisis
COVID-19: A timeline for how CRE occupiers can respond


text:
package smpl.ordering.models;

import smpl.ordering.Utility;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * Represents quote information sent from the service to the client.
 *
 * @see smpl.ordering.models.Order
 */
public class Quote
{
    private String quoteId;
    private String validUntil;
    private String customerName;
    private String dealerName;
    private List<QuoteItemInfo> quoteItems;
    private double totalCost;
    private double discount;
    private String city;
    private String postalCode;
    private String state;

    public Quote()
    {
    }

    public Quote(Quote quote) {
        this.quoteId = quote.quoteId;
        this.customerName = quote.getCustomerName();
        this.dealerName = quote.getDealerName();
        this.validUntil = quote.getValidUntil();
        this.totalCost = quote.getTotalCost();
        this.discount = quote.getDiscount();
        this.city = quote.getCity();
        this.postalCode = quote.getPostalCode();
        this.state = quote.getState();
        this.quoteItems = quote.getQuoteItems();
    }

    public String validate()
    {
        int count = 0;
        StringBuilder errors = new StringBuilder("{\"errors\": [");
        count = Utility.validateStringField(dealerName, "dealerName", count, errors);
        count = Utility.validateStringField(customerName, "customerName", count, errors);
        errors.append("]}");

        return (count > 0) ? errors.toString() : null;
    }

    public String getQuoteId()
    {
        return quoteId;
    }

    public void setQuoteId(String quoteId)
    {
        this.quoteId = quoteId;
    }

    public String getDealerName()
    {
        return dealerName;
    }

    public void setDealerName(String dealerName)
    {
        this.dealerName = dealerName;
    }

    public String getCustomerName()
    {
        return customerName;
    }

    public void setCustomerName(String customerName)
    {
        this.customerName = customerName;
    }

    public String getValidUntil()
    {
        return validUntil;
    }

    public void setValidUntil(String validUntil)
    {
        this.validUntil = validUntil;
    }

    public List<QuoteItemInfo> getQuoteItems()
    {
        return quoteItems;
    }

    public void setQuoteItems(List<QuoteItemInfo> quoteItems)
    {
        this.quoteItems = quoteItems;
    }

    /**
     * Adds an item to the quote items list.
     *
     * @param sku        The item sku number
     * @param amount     The amount or number of units quoted.
     */
    public void addQuoteItem(String sku, double amount)
    {
        if (quoteItems == null)
        {
            this.quoteItems = new ArrayList<QuoteItemInfo>();
        }
        quoteItems.add(new QuoteItemInfo(sku, amount));
    }

    /**
     * Gets the overall cost of the quote, before any discount is applied.
     */
    public double getTotalCost()
    {
        return totalCost;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the overall cost of the quote, before any discount is applied.
     */
    public void setTotalCost(double totalCost)
    {
        this.totalCost = totalCost;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the overall discount, as an amount (not percentage).
     */
    public double getDiscount()
    {
        return discount;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the overall discount, as an amount (not percentage).
     */
    public void setDiscount(double discount)
    {
        this.discount = discount;
    }

    /**
     * Gets city where the unit is to be delivered.
     * Used to estimate delivery costs and for capturing local regulatory purposes.
     */
    public String getCity()
    {
        return city;
    }

    /**
     * Sets city where the unit is to be delivered.
     * Used to estimate delivery costs and for capturing local regulatory purposes.
     */
    public void setCity(String city)
    {
        this.city = city;
    }

    /**
     * Gets postal code where the unit is to be delivered.
     * Used to estimate delivery costs and for capturing local regulatory purposes.
     */
    public String getPostalCode()
    {
        return postalCode;
    }

    /**
     * Sets postal code where the unit is to be delivered.
     * Used to estimate delivery costs and for capturing local regulatory purposes.
     */
    public void setPostalCode(String postalCode)
    {
        this.postalCode = postalCode;
    }

    /**
     * Gets state where the unit is to be delivered.
     * Used to estimate delivery costs and for capturing local regulatory purposes.
     */
    public String getState()
    {
        return state;
    }

    /**
     * Sets state where the unit is to be delivered.
     * Used to estimate delivery costs and for capturing local regulatory purposes.
     */
    public void setState(String state)
    {
        this.state = state;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o)
    {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Quote quote = (Quote) o;

        if (Double.compare(quote.totalCost, totalCost) != 0) return false;
        if (city != null ? !city.equals(quote.city) : quote.city != null) return false;
        if (customerName != null ? !customerName.equals(quote.customerName) : quote.customerName != null) return false;
        if (dealerName != null ? !dealerName.equals(quote.dealerName) : quote.dealerName != null) return false;
        if (postalCode != null ? !postalCode.equals(quote.postalCode) : quote.postalCode != null) return false;
        if (quoteId != null ? !quoteId.equals(quote.quoteId) : quote.quoteId != null) return false;
        if (state != null ? !state.equals(quote.state) : quote.state != null) return false;
        if (validUntil != null ? validUntil.equals(quote.validUntil) : quote.validUntil != null) return false;

        if (quoteItems.size() != quote.quoteItems.size()) return false;

        if (quoteItems.size() > 0)
        {
            QuoteItemInfo arr1[] = new QuoteItemInfo[quoteItems.size()];
            QuoteItemInfo arr2[] = new QuoteItemInfo[quote.quoteItems.size()];

            quoteItems.toArray(arr1);
            quote.quoteItems.toArray(arr2);

            Arrays.sort(arr1);
            Arrays.sort(arr2);

            if (!Arrays.equals(arr1, arr2)) return false;
        }
        // if all conditions are true return true.
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode()
    {
        int result;
        long temp;
        result = quoteId != null ? quoteId.hashCode() : 0;
        result = 31 * result + (validUntil != null ? validUntil.hashCode() : 0);
        result = 31 * result + (customerName != null ? customerName.hashCode() : 0);
        result = 31 * result + (dealerName != null ? dealerName.hashCode() : 0);
        result = 31 * result + (quoteItems != null ? quoteItems.hashCode() : 0);
        temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(totalCost);
        result = 31 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
        temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(discount);
        result = 31 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
        result = 31 * result + (city != null ? city.hashCode() : 0);
        result = 31 * result + (postalCode != null ? postalCode.hashCode() : 0);
        result = 31 * result + (state != null ? state.hashCode() : 0);
        return result;
    }

}


Joseph Bazalgette was born in London on 28 March 1819. His father was a captain in the Royal Navy. Bazalgette began his career as a railway engineer, gaining considerable experience in land drainage and reclamation. In 1842 he set-up in private practice.
In 1856, London's metropolitan board of works was established. The board was the first organisation to supervise public works in a unified way over the whole city, and it elected Joseph Bazalgette as its first, and only, chief engineer.
In the mid-19th century, London was suffering from recurring epidemics of cholera. Between 1853 – 1854, more than 10,000 Londoners were killed by the disease. It was thought at the time to be caused by foul air. The hot summer of 1858 created the 'Great Stink of London', which overwhelmed all those who went near the Thames – including the occupants of Parliament. This, together with the frequent occurrence of cholera, gave impetus to legislation enabling the metropolitan board to begin work on sewers and street improvements. By 1866, most of London was connected to a sewer network devised by Bazalgette.
He saw to it that flow of foul water from old sewers and underground rivers was intercepted, and diverted along new, low-level sewers, built behind embankments on the riverfront and taken to new treatment works.
By 1870, both the Albert and the Victoria Embankments had been opened. These replaced by the tidal mud of the Thames shore with reclaimed ground for riverside roads and gardens behind their curved river walls. The Victoria Embankment protected Bazalgette's low-level sewer, as well as a service subway and the underground railway. The Chelsea Embankment was completed in 1874, reclaiming over 52 acres from the Thames.
Throughout this busy time, Bazalgette continued to train young civil engineers and provide independent advice to other British towns and cities – as well as places as far apart as Budapest and Port Louis, Mauritius.
Bazalgette died on 15 March 1891.