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Fall Reads 2019…
September 30, 2019 by SophieLeave a Comment on Fall Reads 2019…
I must say that I had a successful summer of reading! I managed to read all the books on my list with the exception of one ( The Mother's of Brit Bennett. I just can't seem to finish this one…. maybe one day )
In addition to the books on my list I also managed to dive into and finish the following books:
The Wedding Party : Jasmine Guillory
Ladies Who Punch: The Explosive Inside Story of "The View": Ramin Setoodeh
A Woman is No Man: Etaf Rum
Darkness to Light: A Memoir : Lamar Odom
The Thing Around Your Neck : Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
Here are the books I have chosen for Fall 2019! Its a very ambitious list but fingers crossed I can!
Speaking of Summer: Kalisha Buckhanon
The new novel from the author of Upstate, one of five books selected by the National Book Foundation for the inaugural Literature for Justice Program: a literary thriller about one woman's desperate search for her missing twin sister, a multi-layered mystery set against the neighborhoods of Harlem.
On a cold December evening, Autumn Spencer's twin sister Summer walks to the roof of their shared Harlem brownstone and is never seen again—the door to the roof is locked, and no footsteps are found. Faced with authorities indifferent to another missing woman, Autumn must pursue answers on her own, all while grieving her mother's recent death.
With her friends and neighbors, Autumn pretends to hold up through the crisis. She falls into an affair with Summer's boyfriend to cope with the disappearance of a woman they both loved. But the loss becomes too great, the mystery too inexplicable, and Autumn starts to unravel, all the while becoming obsessed with murdered women and the men who kill them.
In Speaking of Summer, critically acclaimed author Kalisha Buckhanon has created a postmodern, fast-paced story of urban peril and victim invisibility, and the fight to discover truth at any cost.
I must say I chose this book solely based on an Amazon recommendation and how pretty the cover is. I'm hearing mixed reviews on this one. I'll let you know how it turns out.
Make Room: Finding Where Faith Fits : Jonathan McReynolds
God wants to be in everything that has to do with our lives, yet we learn how to separate God from the rest of life early in our spiritual development. But no attitude, no activity, and no element of our lives should be without a faith-infused, God-led foundation. There is a godly basis for everything you do—posting online, relating to your boss, submitting to your teacher, honoring your mom and dad, performing on your job, and appropriating your talent and money. Making room for God means giving Him unrestricted space to operate in and through your life. It's the time, energy, and identity you allow Him to use, challenge, and redeem in you so that you can make a difference in the world. Truly making room for God extends into every crack and fold of your life. In his first book, author Jonathan McReynolds draws on the testimony of Scripture and of personal experience to appeal to readers to make room for God in every area of life—public or private, mental or spiritual—to experience the fullness that can come only through an authentic relationship with God. In every chapter, he enlightens marginal and seasoned believers alike about the ways that we shut God out. More important, McReynolds offers honest, practical advice on how to make room for Him every day and in every way.
I love Jonathan McReynolds music and so naturally when he put out a book, I snatched it up! I'm already halfway done this one and I'm loving it.
Half of a Yellow Sun: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
A masterly, haunting new novel from a writer heralded by The Washington Post Book World as "the 21st-century daughter of Chinua Achebe," Half of a Yellow Sun re-creates a seminal moment in modern African history: Biafra's impassioned struggle to establish an independent republic in Nigeria in the 1960s, and the chilling violence that followed.
With astonishing empathy and the effortless grace of a natural storyteller, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie weaves together the lives of three characters swept up in the turbulence of the decade. Thirteen-year-old Ugwu is employed as a houseboy for a university professor full of revolutionary zeal. Olanna is the professor's beautiful mistress, who has abandoned her life of privilege in Lagos for a dusty university town and the charisma of her new lover. And Richard is a shy young Englishman in thrall to Olanna's twin sister, an enigmatic figure who refuses to belong to anyone. As Nigerian troops advance and the three must run for their lives, their ideals are severely tested, as are their loyalties to one another.
Epic, ambitious, and triumphantly realized, Half of a Yellow Sun is a remarkable novel about moral responsibility, about the end of colonialism, about ethnic allegiances, about class and race—and the ways in which love can complicate them all. Adichie brilliantly evokes the promise and the devastating disappointments that marked this time and place, bringing us one of the most powerful, dramatic, and intensely emotional pictures of modern Africa that we have ever had.
I have been trying to read this book for years and I always get sidetracked.This fall I must finish it!
Dear Haiti, Love Alaine: by Maika Moulite and Maritza Moulite
Co-written by sisters Maika and Maritza Moulite, and told in epistolary style through letters, articles, emails, and diary entries, this exceptional debut novel captures a sparkling new voice and irrepressible heroine in a celebration of storytelling sure to thrill fans of Nicola Yoon, Ibi Zoboi and Jenna Evans Welch!
When a school presentation goes very wrong, Alaine Beauparlant finds herself suspended, shipped off to Haiti and writing the report of a lifetime…
You might ask the obvious question: What do I, a seventeen-year-old Haitian American from Miami with way too little life experience, have to say about anything?
Actually, a lot.
Thanks to "the incident" (don't ask), I'm spending the next two months doing what my school is calling a "spring volunteer immersion project." It's definitely no vacation. I'm toiling away under the ever-watchful eyes of Tati Estelle at her new nonprofit. And my lean-in queen of a mother is even here to make sure I do things right. Or she might just be lying low to dodge the media sharks after a much more public incident of her own…and to hide a rather devastating secret.
All things considered, there are some pretty nice perks…like flirting with Tati's distractingly cute intern, getting actual face time with my mom and experiencing Haiti for the first time. I'm even exploring my family's history—which happens to be loaded with betrayals, superstitions and possibly even a family curse.
I truly loved this book! ( I finished it already) I only wasn't too keen on the parts that delved into the practice of voodoo which is very prevalent in Caribbean ( predominantly Haitian culture) Other than that, the story of mothers and daughters and how they navigate through various means of trauma really pulled on my heartstrings.
The Marriage Clock: Zara Raheem
In Zara Raheem's fresh, funny, smart debut, a young, Muslim-American woman is given three months to find the right husband or else her traditional Indian parents will find one for her–a novel with a universal story that everyone can relate to about the challenges of falling in love.
To Leila Abid's traditional Indian parents, finding a husband in their South Asian-Muslim American community is as easy as match, meet, marry. But for Leila, a marriage of arrangement clashes with her lifelong dreams of a Bollywood romance which has her convinced that real love happens before marriage, not the other way around.
Finding the right husband was always part of her life-plan, but after 26 years of singledom, even Leila is starting to get nervous. And to make matters worse, her parents are panicking, the neighbors are talking, and she's wondering, are her expectations just too high? So Leila decides it's time to stop dreaming and start dating.
She makes a deal with her parents: they'll give her three months, until their 30th wedding anniversary, to find a husband on her own terms. But if she fails, they'll take over and arrange her marriage for her.
With the stakes set, Leila succumbs to the impossible mission of satisfying her parents' expectations, while also fulfilling her own western ideals of love. But after a series of speed dates, blind dates, online dates and even ambush dates, the sparks just don't fly! And now, with the marriage clock ticking, and her 3-month deadline looming in the horizon, Leila must face the consequences of what might happen if she doesn't find "the one…"
Sounded interesting! Starting this one today!
The Woman Next Door: Yewande Omotoso
Hortensia James and Marion Agostino are neighbours. One is black, one white. Both are successful women with impressive careers. Both have recently been widowed. And both are sworn enemies, sharing hedge and hostility which they prune with a zeal that belies the fact that they are both over eighty.
But one day an unforeseen event forces the women together. And gradually the bickering and sniping softens into lively debate, and from there into memories shared. But could these sparks of connection ever transform into friendship? Or is it too late to expect these two to change?
Interesting concept. Interested to see how this turns out.
Behold The Dreamers: Imbolo Mbue
Jende Jonga, a Cameroonian immigrant living in Harlem, has come to the United States to provide a better life for himself, his wife, Neni, and their six-year-old son. In the fall of 2007, Jende can hardly believe his luck when he lands a job as a chauffeur for Clark Edwards, a senior executive at Lehman Brothers. Clark demands punctuality, discretion, and loyalty—and Jende is eager to please. Clark's wife, Cindy, even offers Neni temporary work at the Edwardses' summer home in the Hamptons. With these opportunities, Jende and Neni can at last gain a foothold in America and imagine a brighter future.
However, the world of great power and privilege conceals troubling secrets, and soon Jende and Neni notice cracks in their employers' façades.
When the financial world is rocked by the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the Jongas are desperate to keep Jende's job—even as their marriage threatens to fall apart. As all four lives are dramatically upended, Jende and Neni are forced to make an impossible choice.
I started this last year but had to return it to the library before I had a chance to finish it. I honestly forgot about it until I heard a colleague of mine speaking about it. What I've read so far was great so I'm looking forward to finishing it.
Thick: And Other Essays : Tressie McMillan Cottom
Smart, humorous, and strikingly original thoughts on race, beauty, money, and more—by one of today's most intrepid public intellectuals
Tressie McMillan Cottom, the writer, professor, and acclaimed author of Lower Ed, now brilliantly shifts gears from running regression analyses on college data to unleashing another identity: a purveyor of wit, wisdom—and of course Black Twitter snark—about all that is right and much that is so very wrong about this thing we call society. In the bestselling tradition of bell hooks and Roxane Gay, McMillan Cottom's freshman collection illuminates a particular trait of her tribe: being thick. In form, and in substance.
This bold compendium, likely to find its place on shelves alongside Lindy West, Rebecca Solnit, and Maggie Nelson, dissects everything from beauty to Obama to pumpkin spice lattes. Yet Thick will also fill a void on those very shelves: a modern black American female voice waxing poetic on self and society, serving up a healthy portion of clever prose and southern aphorisms in a style uniquely her own.
McMillan Cottom has crafted a black woman's cultural bible, as she mines for meaning in places many of us miss and reveals precisely how—when you're in the thick of it—the political, the social, and the personal are almost always one and the same.
I don't generally gravitate towards anthologies /short stories . But I am trying to branch out and try new reading content, I figured this would be a good start.
What are you guys reading this fall? Let me know!
( All synopsis' are from Goodreads.com. )
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July 10, 2019 September 28, 2019 by Sophie3 Comments on Summer Reads…
June was a really slow reading month for me as it was the end of the school year which is often the busiest time at work for me. Long story short, I didn't finish two books on June's list so I put them back on my summer reads list! Here's what I'm hoping to read during these long summer nights : )
The Mothers: Brit Bennett
Set within a contemporary black community in Southern California, Brit Bennett's mesmerizing first novel is an emotionally perceptive story about community, love, and ambition. It begins with a secret.
"All good secrets have a taste before you tell them, and if we'd taken a moment to swish this one around our mouths, we might have noticed the sourness of an unripe secret, plucked too soon, stolen and passed around before its season."
It is the last season of high school life for Nadia Turner, a rebellious, grief-stricken, seventeen-year-old beauty. Mourning her own mother's recent suicide, she takes up with the local pastor's son. Luke Sheppard is twenty-one, a former football star whose injury has reduced him to waiting tables at a diner. They are young; it's not serious. But the pregnancy that results from this teen romance—and the subsequent cover-up—will have an impact that goes far beyond their youth. As Nadia hides her secret from everyone, including Aubrey, her God-fearing best friend, the years move quickly. Soon, Nadia, Luke, and Aubrey are full-fledged adults and still living in debt to the choices they made that one seaside summer, caught in a love triangle they must carefully maneuver, and dogged by the constant, nagging question: What if they had chosen differently? The possibilities of the road not taken are a relentless haunt.
In entrancing, lyrical prose, The Mothers asks whether a "what if" can be more powerful than an experience itself. If, as time passes, we must always live in servitude to the decisions of our younger selves, to the communities that have parented us, and to the decisions we make that shape our lives forever
It's Not Supposed To Be This Way: Lysa Terkeurst
New York Times bestselling author Lysa TerKeurst unveils her heart amid shattering circumstances and shows readers how to live assured when life doesn't turn out like they expected.
What do you do when God's timing seems questionable, His lack of intervention hurtful, and His promises doubtful?
Life often looks so very different than we hoped or expected. Some events may simply catch us off guard for a moment, but others shatter us completely. We feel disappointed and disillusioned, and we quietly start to wonder about the reality of God's goodness.
Lysa TerKeurst understands this deeply. But she's also discovered that our disappointments can be the divine appointments our souls need to radically encounter God. In It's Not Supposed to Be This Way, Lysa invites us into her own journey of faith and, with grit, vulnerability, and honest humor, helps us to:
* Stop being pulled into the anxiety of disappointment by discovering how to better process unmet expectations and other painful situations.
* Train ourselves to recognize the three strategies of the enemy so we can stand strong and persevere through unsettling relationships and uncertain outcomes.
* Discover the secret of being steadfast and not panicking when God actually does give us more than we can handle.
* Shift our suspicion that God is cruel or unfair to the biblical assurance that God is protecting and preparing us.
* Know how to encourage a friend and help her navigate hard realities with real help from God's truth
Just Say No: Omar Tyree
Best friends since childhood, Darin Harmon and John Williams are young men on the brink of realizing their dreams. For John, it's his music; for Darin, football. When Darin suffers an injury that closes the door on his sports aspirations, he reluctantly follows his friend into the music scene and quickly gets swept up in promoting John's new "Loverboy" identity to R&B superstardom. But the celebrity lifestyle of big-time money, fast women, and easy drugs quickly takes it toll, and the friends find themselves at a crossroads that will forever shape each of their futures.
As only he can, Omar Tyree delivers another urban classic filled with irresistible characters you won't forget
This is a re-read for me. I first read this book in high school and absolutely fell in love with the characters and this story. I used to read this book once a year ( if my bestie Steph is reading this she's probably laughing at me) I actually read this book so many times, that my original copy fell apart! ( shout out to Steph for gifting me with a new copy a few years ago 🙂 ) I'm looking forward to delving back into this book this summer.
I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings: Maya Angelou
Poetic and powerful, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings will touch hearts and change minds for as long as people read.
Another re-read for me. I've just been drawn back to books on my personal shelf as of late. The late, great Dr Maya Angelou was truly a gift to the literary world and this book was a deep look into her early beginnings.
Intercepted: Alexa Martin
Marlee thought she scored the man of her dreams only to be scorched by a bad breakup. But there's a new player on the horizon, and he's in a league of his own…
Marlee Harper is the perfect girlfriend. She's definitely had enough practice by dating her NFL-star boyfriend for the last ten years. But when she discovers he has been tackling other women on the sly, she vows to never date an athlete again. There's just one problem: Gavin Pope, the new hotshot quarterback and a fling from the past, has Marlee in his sights.
Gavin fights to show Marlee he's nothing like her ex. Unfortunately, not everyone is ready to let her escape her past. The team's wives, who never led the welcome wagon, are not happy with Marlee's return. They have only one thing on their minds: taking her down. But when the gossip makes Marlee public enemy number one, she worries about more than just her reputation.
Between their own fumbles and the wicked wives, it will take a Hail Mary for Marlee and Gavin's relationship to survive the season.
I've actually already finished this book! It is the first in a series of sports-themed romance novels. The author is a former NFL wife herself which adds an element of authenticity to her writing. It was a light and fun read! I really enjoyed it!
Fumbled: Alexa Martin
A second chance doesn't guarantee a touchdown in this new contemporary romance from the author of Intercepted.
Single-mother Poppy Patterson moved across the country when she was sixteen and pregnant to find a new normal. After years of hard work, she's built a life she loves. It may include a job at a nightclub, weekend soccer games, and more stretch marks than she anticipated, but it's all hers, and nobody can take that away. Well, except for one person.
TK Moore, the starting wide receiver for the Denver Mustangs, dreamt his entire life about being in the NFL. His world is football, parties, and women. Maybe at one point he thought his future would play out with his high school sweetheart by his side, but Poppy is long gone and he's moved on.
When Poppy and TK cross paths in the most unlikely of places, emotions they've suppressed for years come rushing back. But with all the secrets they never told each other lying between them, they'll need more than a dating playbook to help them navigate their relationship.
This is the sequel to Intercepted. If it's anything like the first one. I'm sure it will be an enjoyable read.
Unmarriageable: Soniah Kamal
In this one-of-a-kind retelling of Pride and Prejudice set in modern-day Pakistan, Alys Binat has sworn never to marry—until an encounter with one Mr. Darsee at a wedding makes her reconsider.
A scandal and vicious rumor concerning the Binat family have destroyed their fortune and prospects for desirable marriages, but Alys, the second and most practical of the five Binat daughters, has found happiness teaching English literature to schoolgirls. Knowing that many of her students won't make it to graduation before dropping out to marry and have children, Alys teaches them about Jane Austen and her other literary heroes and hopes to inspire the girls to dream of more.
When an invitation arrives to the biggest wedding their small town has seen in years, Mrs. Binat, certain that their luck is about to change, excitedly sets to work preparing her daughters to fish for rich, eligible bachelors. On the first night of the festivities, Alys's lovely older sister, Jena, catches the eye of Fahad "Bungles" Bingla, the wildly successful—and single—entrepreneur. But Bungles's friend Valentine Darsee is clearly unimpressed by the Binat family. Alys accidentally overhears his unflattering assessment of her and quickly dismisses him and his snobbish ways. As the days of lavish wedding parties unfold, the Binats wait breathlessly to see if Jena will land a proposal—and Alys begins to realize that Darsee's brusque manner may be hiding a very different man from the one she saw at first glance.
Told with wry wit and colorful prose, Unmarriageable is a charming update on Jane Austen's beloved novel and an exhilarating exploration of love, marriage, class, and sisterhood.
This one was in my recommended reads list at my public library. It sounded interesting so I figured I'd give it a shot!
So that's it, guys! My very ambitious summer reading list! Fingers crossed I pull this off!
Book synopsis can all be found on goodreads.com
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June Reads…
June 3, 2019 June 3, 2019 by SophieLeave a Comment on June Reads…
This month's reading list is a little ambitious but I'm going to try and push it and get through all of these titles! Happy reading!
I started to read these a while ago, got sidetracked and put. it to the side. I'm currently reading this one and it's pretty good.
Opposite of Always: Justin A. Reynolds
Jack Ellison King. King of Almost.
He almost made valedictorian.
He almost made varsity.
He almost got the girl . . .
When Jack and Kate meet at a party, bonding until sunrise over their mutual love of Froot Loops and their favorite flicks, Jack knows he's falling—hard. Soon she's meeting his best friends, Jillian and Franny, and Kate wins them over as easily as she did Jack. Jack's curse of almost is finally over.
But this love story is . . . complicated. It is an almost happily ever after. Because Kate dies. And their story should end there. Yet Kate's death sends Jack back to the beginning, the moment they first meet, and Kate's there again. Beautiful, radiant Kate. Healthy, happy, and charming as ever. Jack isn't sure if he's losing his mind. Still, if he has a chance to prevent Kate's death, he'll take it. Even if that means believing in time travel. However, Jack will learn that his actions are not without consequences. And when one choice turns deadly for someone else close to him, he has to figure out what he's willing to do—and let go—to save the people he loves.
I was browsing in the bookstore and the cover jumped out to me. After reading the synopsis, I was intrigued. Looking forward to getting to this title.
Let Me Hear a Rhyme: Tiffany D. Jackson
In this standalone novel, Tiffany D. Jackson tells the story of three Brooklyn teens who plot to turn their murdered friend into a major rap star by pretending he is still alive.
Biggie Smalls was right. Things done changed. But that doesn't mean that Quadir and Jarrell are okay letting their best friend Steph's tracks lie forgotten in his bedroom after he's killed—not when his beats could turn any Bed-Stuy corner into a celebration, not after years of having each other's backs.
Enlisting the help of Steph's younger sister, Jasmine, Quadir and Jarrell come up with a plan to promote Steph's music under a new rap name: The Architect. Soon, everyone in Brooklyn is dancing to Steph's voice. But then his mixtape catches the attention of a hotheaded music rep and—with just hours on the clock—the trio must race to prove Steph's talent from beyond the grave.
Now, as the pressure—and danger—of keeping their secret grows, Quadir, Jarrell, and Jasmine are forced to confront the truth about what happened to Steph. Only each has something to hide. And with everything riding on Steph's fame, together they need to decide what they stand for before they lose everything they've worked so hard to hold on to—including each other.
I have loved each of this author's previous works, so once I saw this on the shelf I had to purchase it. I'm hoping it is as quick and as pleasant to read as the others.
I purchased this one on a whim. It spoke to me at the moment. As I like to have something faith-based in addition to the bible in my monthly rotation, I figured I'd give this one a try.
Defending Jacob: William Landay
Award-winning author William Landay has written the consummate novel of an embattled family in crisis – a suspenseful, character-driven mystery that is also a spellbinding tale of guilt, betrayal, and the terrifying speed at which our lives can spin out of control.
Andy Barber has been an assistant district attorney in his suburban Massachusetts county for more than twenty years. He is respected in his community, tenacious in the courtroom, and happy at home with his wife, Laurie, and son, Jacob. But when a shocking crime shatters their New England town, Andy is blindsided by what happens next: His fourteen-year-old son is charged with the murder of a fellow student.
A co-worker of mine gathered a bunch of us at work who share a love for reading, a started a little book club. This month we start with this book, Sounds interesting. Not normally a genre I often gravitate too but I'm interested to read something with a group of people and engage in some meaningful conversation! 🙂
That's it for this month! What are you guys reading this month? I need suggestions for July!
( all synopsis' from goodreads.com I do not own any of them)
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May Reads…
May 6, 2019 by Sophie2 Comments on May Reads…
Hey y' all
I'm not going to lie to you… March and April were not the best months of reading for me. I was in kind of a slump and was not motivated by anything I had prepared to read. Thus, you will see some repeats on here for the month of May ( lol)
What I actually did end up reading the last two months:
Colliding with Destiny: Sarah Jakes ( now Sarah Jakes Roberts )
The Replacement Wife: Tiffany L Warren
On The Come Up: Angie Thomas
Brutally Honest: By Melanie Brown ( From the Spice Girls)
Take the lid off- A 7-day reading plan and also the Ready or Knot reading plan on the Bible App.
Here's what I'm reading this month:
Where The Crawdads Sing: Delia Owens
For years, rumors of the "Marsh Girl" have haunted Barkley Cove, a quiet town on the North Carolina coast. So in late 1969, when handsome Chase Andrews is found dead, the locals immediately suspect Kya Clark, the so-called Marsh Girl. But Kya is not what they say. Sensitive and intelligent, she has survived for years alone in the marsh that she calls home, finding friends in the gulls and lessons in the sand. Then the time comes when she yearns to be touched and loved. When two young men from town become intrigued by her wild beauty, Kya opens herself to a new life–until the unthinkable happens.
Perfect for fans of Barbara Kingsolver and Karen Russell, Where the Crawdads Sing is at once an exquisite ode to the natural world, a heartbreaking coming-of-age story, and a surprising tale of possible murder. Owens reminds us that we are forever shaped by the children we once were and that we are all subject to the beautiful and violent secrets that nature keeps (Goodreads.com)
I just couldn't get motivated to actually pick this one up last month! It's next in line so fingers crossed I get to it this month!
Housegirl: Michael Donkor
Moving between Ghana and London, Hold is an intimate, moving, powerful coming-of-age novel. It's a story of friendship and family, shame and forgiveness; of learning what we should cling to, and when we need to let go.
Belinda knows how to follow the rules. As a housegirl, she has learnt the right way to polish water glasses, to wash and fold a hundred handkerchiefs, and to keep a tight lid on memories of the village she left behind when she came to Kumasi.
Mary is still learning the rules. Eleven-years-old and irrepressible, the young housegirl-in-training is the little sister Belinda never had.
Amma has had enough of the rules. A straight-A pupil at her exclusive South-London school, she has always been the pride of her Ghanaian parents. Until now. Watching their once-confident teenager grow sullen and wayward, they decide that sensible Belinda might be just the shining example Amma needs.
So Belinda is summoned from Ghana to London and must leave Mary to befriend a troubled girl who shows no desire for her friendship. She encounters a city as bewildering as it is thrilling, and tries to impose order on her unsettling new world.
As the Brixton summer turns to Autumn, Belinda and Amma are surprised to discover the beginnings of an unexpected kinship. But when the cracks in their defences open up, the secrets they have both been holding tightly threaten to seep out. (Goodreads.com)
I started this one back in March. I put it down for a while as I just couldn't get into it. I really want to give this one another go.
The Proposal: Jasmine Guillory
When someone asks you to spend your life with him, it shouldn't come as a surprise–or happen in front of 45,000 people.
When freelance writer Nikole Paterson goes to a Dodgers game with her actor boyfriend, his man bun, and his bros, the last thing she expects is a scoreboard proposal. Saying no isn't the hard part–they've only been dating for five months, and he can't even spell her name correctly. The hard part is having to face a stadium full of disappointed fans…
At the game with his sister, Carlos Ibarra comes to Nik's rescue and rushes her away from a camera crew. He's even there for her when the video goes viral and Nik's social media blows up–in a bad way. Nik knows that in the wilds of LA, a handsome doctor like Carlos can't be looking for anything serious, so she embarks on an epic rebound with him, filled with food, fun, and fantastic sex. But when their glorified hookups start breaking the rules, one of them has to be smart enough to put on the brakes… (goodreads.com)
Okay, guys… I breezed through this one! I absolutely loved it! I purchased it on a whim and was pleasantly surprised. I wasn't aware that it was part of a series, so I am going to go back and read the first one and am eagerly anticipating the next book in the series due out summer 2019
In The Midst Of It All: Tiffany L. Warren
For feisty seventeen-year-old Zenovia, keeping strong in her faith is an uphill battle. Between her schizophrenic mother and their tough neighbourhood, her life has never been even remotely near normal. When the Brethren of the Sacrifice Church offers them acceptance and a chance at stability, even skeptical Zee can't resist. Especially when Tristan, a handsome, fervent young member, acts like he wants her to be his one-and-only…and his wry older brother Justin reveals he's more interested in Zee than he pretends. But when she falls hard for Emil, the Brethren's outspoken rebel, her belief in mercy and tolerance puts her at odds with the Brethren, her new life—and her mother. Now Zee must come to terms with betrayal, deceit, and false faith. As she fights to grow spiritually and live on her own terms, she will discover how love, forgiveness, and God's guidance can bring the most unexpected blessings. (goodreads.com)
Queenie: Candice Carty-Williams
Bridget Jones's Diary meets Americanah in this disarmingly honest, boldly political, and truly inclusive novel that will speak to anyone who has gone looking for love and found something very different in its place.
Queenie Jenkins is a 25-year-old Jamaican British woman living in London, straddling two cultures and slotting neatly into neither. She works at a national newspaper, where she's constantly forced to compare herself to her white middle-class peers. After a messy break up from her long-term white boyfriend, Queenie seeks comfort in all the wrong places…including several hazardous men who do a good job of occupying brain space and a bad job of affirming self-worth.
As Queenie careens from one questionable decision to another, she finds herself wondering, "What are you doing? Why are you doing it? Who do you want to be?"—all of the questions today's woman must face in a world trying to answer them for her.
With "fresh and honest" (Jojo Moyes) prose, Queenie is a remarkably relatable exploration of what it means to be a modern woman searching for meaning in today's world. (goodreads.com)
I don't generally pick a book at random, but I picked this book up solely because of its boldly hued cover and artwork depiction of a girl of colour with box braids.
I am currently 85% finished this novel already, and I literally started it 2 days ago! While it has some colourful language and some graphic adult content, I am thoroughly enjoying this author's candid and relatable way of telling a story that touches on so many issues many people face today. For a debut novel, I am highly anticipating her future works!
Lastly, currently I am focusing on this devotional from the Bible app:
I think I am already off to a good start this month! What are you reading?
book blogger, books, current reads, Uncategorized
March Reads…
March 11, 2019 by SophieLeave a Comment on March Reads…
Hey loves!
Here's a peek into what I'll be reading for the month of March!
1. Housegirl: Michael Donkor
I'm already quite a bit through this one and frankly, I'm regretting spending time reading this. I hope it gets better but so far… I'm not impressed.
2. On The Come Up: Angie Thomas
Sixteen-year-old Bri wants to be one of the greatest rappers of all time. Or at least make it out of her neighbourhood one day. As the daughter of an underground rap legend who died before he hit big, Bri's got big shoes to fill. But now that her mom has unexpectedly lost her job, food banks and shutoff notices are as much a part of Bri's life as beats and rhymes. With bills piling up and homelessness staring her family down, Bri no longer just wants to make it—she has to make it.
On the Come Up is Angie Thomas's homage to hip-hop, the art that sparked her passion for storytelling and continues to inspire her to this day. It is the story of fighting for your dreams, even as the odds are stacked against you; of the struggle to become who you are and not who everyone expects you to be; and of the desperate realities of poor and working-class black families (Goodreads.com)
I actually read this book as soon as I got my hands on it in mid-February, but it was originally on my March TBR. I just couldn't wait and I was not disappointed, While this book has mixed reviews ( no less coming on the heels of the widely acclaimed "The Hate U Give" ) I absolutely loved it and I am anxiously awaiting whatever Angie Thomas has coming next!
3, Where The Crawdads Sing: Delia Owens
Perfect for fans of Barbara Kingsolver and Karen Russell, Where the Crawdads Sing is at once an exquisite ode to the natural world, a heartbreaking coming-of-age story, and a surprising tale of possible murder. Owens reminds us that we are forever shaped by the children we once were, and that we are all subject to the beautiful and violent secrets that nature keeps (Goodreads.com)
I found the synopsis of this book super intriguing. It's a much different genre than I'm used to reading but since it sparked my interest, I'll give it a try!
4. Colliding With Destiny: Finding Hope in the Legacy of Ruth: Sarah Jakes
The story of Ruth is a journey of transformation. By allowing God to transform her circumstances, Ruth went from a widow who would be excluded from society to a wife with a secure and protected future, a future that ultimately paved the way for the birth of King David! Her story is full of collision–loss, heartache, poverty, even shame–but she never let her past define her. Instead, the most painful time of her life became her most pivotal, propelling her to a destiny she never imagined.
Perhaps you have a past you're struggling to overcome. If disappointments, whether a result of your own choices or the actions of others, have kept you from being your true self, this book is for you. Follow Ruth's life and discover the hope available to each of us. Your yesterday does not have to dictate your tomorrow.
Despite your past pain, you, too, can find redemption and restoration.
This is a re-read for me. I oftentimes like to re-read books depending on the season of life I find myself in. The story of Ruth is always one I like to dive back into. I also love the way Sarah Jakes brings this story to life.
Lastly, I'll be doing another devotional from the Daily Grace Co. This month( and April ) I will be journeying through the book of Isaiah.
What are you reading this month?
February Reads…
February 6, 2019 February 3, 2019 by SophieLeave a Comment on February Reads…
Happy Black History Month Y'all! In honour of Black History Month, I thought I would read some books by African- American authors. I'm actually reading two books that I have previously read as well as one new read and a devotional on the Book of Isaiah. It's an ambitious list as February is a short month, but as I will be travelling for quite a bit of this month, I figured what better way to pass some time than to read while I soak up some much needed Vitamin D and ocean waves! 🙂 Here's what I'm reading:
The Wait:A Powerful Practice for Finding the Love of Your Life and the Life You Love – By DeVon Franklin, and Meagan Good ( Goodreads.com)
Hollywood power couple DeVon Franklin and Meagan Good candidly share about their courtship and marriage, and the key to their success—waiting.
President/CEO of Franklin Entertainment and former Sony Pictures executive DeVon Franklin and award-winning actress Meagan Good have learned sometimes all we can do is wait for "the one" to come into our lives. They spent years crossing paths but it wasn't until they were thrown together while working on the film Jumping the Broom that their storybook romance began.
Faced with starting a new relationship and wanting to avoid potentially devastating relationship pitfalls, DeVon and Meagan chose to do something almost unheard of in today's society—abstain from sex until they were married.
In The Wait, DeVon and Meagan share the life-changing message that waiting—rather than rushing a relationship—can help you find the person you're meant to be with. Filled with candid his-and-hers accounts of the most important moments of their relationship, and practical advice on how waiting for everything—from dating to sex—can transform relationships, allowing you to find a deep connection based on patience, trust, and faith.
This is a re-read for me. With February also being the month of "love" I thought it was fitting 🙂 .
The Autobiography of Malcom X – as told to Alex Haley
Through a life of passion and struggle, Malcolm X became one of the most influential figures of the 20th Century. In this riveting account, he tells of his journey from a prison cell to Mecca, describing his transition from hoodlum to Muslim minister. Here, the man who called himself "the angriest Black man in America" relates how his conversion to true Islam helped him confront his rage and recognize the brotherhood of all mankind.
An established classic of modern America, "The Autobiography of Malcolm X" was hailed by the New York Times as "Extraordinary. A brilliant, painful, important book." Still extraordinary, still important, this electrifying story has transformed Malcom X's life into his legacy. The strength of his words, the power of his ideas continue to resonate more than a generation after they first appeared.
I've read this book several times throughout my childhood ( yes , I was an avid and advanced reader since the age of 4) and adolescent years. I think it's important for me to revisit this book and interpret it through the eyes of an adult who's core values and life experiences may give me a fresh outlook on this particular body of work.
Monday's Not Coming- By Tiffany D. Jackson
Monday Charles is missing, and only Claudia seems to notice. Claudia and Monday have always been inseparable—more sisters than friends. So when Monday doesn't turn up for the first day of school, Claudia's worried. When she doesn't show for the second day, or second week, Claudia knows that something is wrong. Monday wouldn't just leave her to endure tests and bullies alone. Not after last year's rumors and not with her grades on the line. Now Claudia needs her best—and only—friend more than ever. But Monday's mother refuses to give Claudia a straight answer, and Monday's sister April is even less help.
As Claudia digs deeper into her friend's disappearance, she discovers that no one seems to remember the last time they saw Monday. How can a teenage girl just vanish without anyone noticing that she's gone? (Goodreads.com)
I was just perusing the shelves at my local bookstore and the cover jumped out at me. I picked it up, read the synopsis and was sold! I will definitely be digging into this one on my vacation. It seems to be a mystery novel which is not normally a genre that I gravitate towards but I am intrigued by this book and I'm excited to see how the plot plays out.
Finally, The Daily Grace Co. always has fantastic devotionals for some in depth Bible study . Like I mentioned before, this month I'll be journeying through the book of Isaiah.
Check out their website for other cool devotionals: https://thedailygraceco.com/collections/bible-studies-devotionals
books, reading, Uncategorized
What I Read in January…
February 3, 2019 by Sophie3 Comments on What I Read in January…
January was a slow reading month. I ended up finishing up "Becoming" by Michelle Obama from my December reading list. It took me a bit longer to read because January was a pretty busy month for me. But wow, what a powerful read it was. I love the way the class of Mrs Obama just jumps off of the page. I'm not American, but she is truly missed as the FLOTUS.
I also read Gary Chapmans book "God Speaks Your Love Language: How to experience and express God's Love ". This book is a very good resource for anybody who interested in learning about their "love language" in depth. It was a beautiful reminder that God truly speaks to each of us individual in a language that we understand. This book helps us identify how our love language relates to our relationship with God. This book left lots of room for self reflection which I find very important. If you are interested in picking up this book, I would encourage you to read the original " Five Love Languages " book or take the quiz to find out what your love language is.
Quiz: https://www.5lovelanguages.com/profile/singles/
Here is a synopsis:
Feel God's love more personally.
Do you realize that the God of the universe speaks your love language, and your expressions of love for Him are shaped by your love language? Learn how you can give and receive God's love through the five love languages: words of affirmation, quality time, gifts, acts of service, and physical touch.
In this revised and updated edition of The Love Languages of God,Gary writes, "As we respond to the love of God and begin to identify the variety of languages He uses to speak to us, we soon learn to speak those languages ourselves. Whatever love language you prefer, may you find ever deeper satisfaction in using that language in your relationship with God and with other people."
As you begin to identify the variety of languages God uses to speak love to you and others, you can learn to speak lovingly back to God and to those around you. No matter what love language you prefer, you will become more deeply connected with God and watch this bond transform all of your relationships. ( Goodreads.com)
Other than that, I spent a lot a time reading and studying the word of God as my church was in a 21 day fast, my time on social media was super limited. I spent a lot of time in the gospels this month! I've drawn a particular affinity to the book of Luke 🙂
Check back this week to see what I'm reading in February!
Til next time..


If you're like countless other Southern California homeowners, who have an Adjustable Rate Mortgage (ARM), which is resetting, you've probably noticed your payments increasing. Equally as many other homeowners in an Adjustable Rate Mortgages may be worrying what will happen when the rates adjust.
In a lot of cases, a refinance into a new loan may be the best way to combat increasing monthly payments. (Interest rates have been ticking a bit higher lately, as the economy continues to gain steam. With lower unemployment, and a stronger economy, goods and services, including loans tend to cost more. That's why mortgage interest rates have been increasing lately.) However, it's important to note that the increases, while noticeable, are still offering homeowners great rates on refinances. Though rates are higher than a year ago, for example, they are nowhere near the highs of just a few decades ago, when rates were well into the double-digits.
The best thing you can do, if your Adjustable Rate Mortgage is resetting, or will be resetting soon, is to talk to a trusted mortgage professional. As a top-reviewed SoCal Mortgage broker with all 5-Star Reviews, Summit Lending is here to provide you with all of your options. We will review your current mortgage, shop for rates, and provide you with possible options for keeping your monthly mortgage payments manageable. Through analysis and evaluation of your unique financial situation, we can provide you with a roadmap to achieving your financial goals.
Because it looks as though interest rates may be continuing to increase over the coming months, it's worth your while to contact an experienced mortgage broker today, before rates go higher. After all, there's no reason to delay saving money on your monthly payment, or on interest rates over time.
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Q: How to manipulate array of objects without loop I have a code like below and it is working fine.
 for(let i=0;i< this.Array.length ; i++){
          if(this.Array[i].propertyObject.hasOwnProperty('header'))
          this.Array[i].ColumnName = this.Array[i].propertyObject.header;
    }

May i know how to achieve the same with Map.  Thanks in advance.

A:
May i know how to achieve the same with Map

I assume you mean map. map isn't the right tool for doing exactly what that loop does, because that loop modifies the array in place, but map creates a new array instead.
If you want a new array, perhaps also with new objects (e.g., functional programming or immutable programming):
// Replace `this.Array` with a new array
this.Array = this.Array.map(element => {
    // If we need to change this element...
    if (element.propertyObject.hasOwnProperty("header")) {
        // ...do a shallow copy along with the replacement
        element = {...element, ColumnName: element.propertyObject.header};
    }
    return element;
});

Note that that assumes the elements are simple objects. If they aren't, you'll need to handle constructing the replacement differently than just using {...original}.
But if you want to keep the same array as your current code does, your loop is just fine. You have other options (like forEach or for-of), but what you have is also fine. for-of is well-suited to what you're doing:
for (const element of this.Array) {
    if (element.propertyObject.hasOwnProperty("header")) {
          element.ColumnName = element.propertyObject.header;
    }
}

Side note: In new code, you might want to use Object.hasOwn rather than Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty (with a polyfill if needed for older environments; recent versions of all modern browsers support it natively, though).

A: this.Array.forEach((item, index, arr)=> {
       item.ColumnName = "header" in item ? item.header : item.ColumnName;
});

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text:
UN-Sri Lanka
SriLankaBriefNews, views and analysis of Human Rights & Democratic Governance in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka BriefNews, views and analysis of Human Rights & Democratic Governance in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka: A Muslim businessman detained under PTA over FB posts.
Ranjan Ramanayake is a clean, honest politician and 4 years' rigorous imprisonment is unprecedented and exceptionally severe – M.A. Sumanthiran, M.P.
Sri Lanka: Four years prison term for contempt of court violates the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
Sri Lanka to appoint one more commission before the upcoming UNHRC session & has turned down an offer to co-sponsor a new resolution.
Sri Lanka: heartbreaking story of the forced cremation of two month old infant without parents presence & consent
Sri Lanka: Veddah Chief to file a lawsuit against the destruction in the forest reserve
By Sri Lanka Brief
Image: Veddah Chief Wanaspathi Wannilaeththo.
Joining the ranks of environmentalists protesting the rapid rate of environmental devastation in Sri Lanka, Veddah Chief Wanaspathi Wannilaeththo said he will take legal action if the massive destruction in the forest reserve of Galwalayaya, which is in close proximity to Pollebedde village, Mahaoya, in the Ampara District, is not halted. From leopard deaths to massive deforestation, 2020 has been one of the most harrowing years for Sri Lanka's natural treasures. Flora and fauna are being wiped out for the sake of 'human development' in such unprecedented manner that it is miracle that activists are not resorting to militant protest tactics to put a stop to it, and perhaps they will after COVID-19 is over.
With his hatchet resting on his shoulder, but not on the war path, Sri Lanka's Veddah Chief voicing his concern might as well be the straw that finally broke the camel's back.
Wannilaeththo had visited the devastated area and seen for himself how bulldozers and other equipment are being used to clear the area and destroy the environment of hundreds of acres of forest lands within a short span of 30 days.
He said, "If these trees could talk, they would do so about the destruction that has been caused! Many people from our generation lived in Pollebedda, Seethala Wanniya and Horikana Mountain ranges. Now they have lost the right to live in these areas. The right to the land has been given to companies in various countries. This is wrong. This has to be stopped soon. If the destruction is not halted, I will join the Centre for Environmental Justice (CEJ) and take legal action".
The recent trend of reservation lands being acquired for commercial purposes is disturbing indeed as these forests are important to the country's ecology and play an important part in sustaining rural and indigenous communities. The other tragic fact is that the Veddah people are effectively barred from practising their way of life due to legal restrictions on hunting game and trapping as well as impeded their freedom to roam forests like their ancestors have been doing for thousands of years.
About 6,000 acres of land has been divided into 15 plots for 15 companies and sold to them by the Mahaweli Authority with top Government officials allegedly having full knowledge about this. Meanwhile, the catchment areas of the Rambaken Oya are being damaged and people are facing untold problems.
In the meantime, the CEJ Chair said that activists regret the injustice done to the local Veddah communities. "Their traditional dwelling areas are being named 'Development of traditional cultivation areas,' by illegal means and we cannot allow the environment that provides us with life and food to be destroyed in this manner. This is a heinous crime. It is a crime perpetrated against the people and animals as well. We will punish those responsible for this crime".
Lawmakers will soon debate whether tourists should be allowed to hunt exotic fish in Sri Lanka's coasts using spear guns. If this is approved (for the sake of tourists' dollars) foreign guests will be allowed to hunt exotic fish for leisure while our very own indigenous people are not allowed to hunt wildlife just to provide for their table. We will be soon making a gaming reserve in one of our forests where high rolling foreigners can pay a small fortune to hunt deer, hare and even elephants and leopards and saying how good it will be for the economy. The day will come when we will be debating whether foreign investors should be allowed to build theme parks, golf courses and resorts on our reservations, but what answers will our leaders give then? The economic benefits will be quickly highlighted; politicians will say that "hundreds of jobs will be created" at the Media conference and activists will be ignored as usual.
Secretary to the Mahaweli Ministry, Anura Dissanayake said: "The Rambaken Oya Reservoir was built by us under the Mahaweli Development Project. The intention was to solve the water problem, from Padiyatalawa Maha Oya to Batticaloa and to develop agricultural lands. Mahaweli agricultural lands became a forest, due to the 30-year war which brought development to a standstill. What we are doing now is breathing life back into the country's national agricultural projects. We have not taken an inch of forest lands for cultivation. We are only using Mahaweli lands for cultivation."
CEYLON TODAY
environmental devastation
Veddah Chief Wanaspathi Wannilaeththo
Sri Lanka Brief - 19/01/2021 0
The Criminal Investigation Department (CID) yesterday informed Colombo Chief Magistrate's Court that it had obtained a detention order from the Defence Ministry to interrogate...
I want to flag one or two issues concerning the responsibility of the parliament in this regard. But before I do that I am...
On 12 January 2021, a three-judge bench of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka found S. V. R. P. P. A. R. L. S....
Image: The issue of enforced disappearances has never been properly investigated in Sri Lanka. President Gotabhaya Rajapaksa is to appoint a new Commission of Inquiry...
UN-Sri Lanka1550
Situation Analysis653
Election Monitoring reports 201519
Election Monitoring reports 20192

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Magnetic Drive Pumps for Use in Etching Equipment | March Pump | March Manufacturing Inc.
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265.602 Legislative intent.—The Legislature recognizes the critical need for significant additional funding which is currently being experienced by local cultural organizations in this state. Furthermore, the Legislature recognizes that this supplemental funding should be available on a recurring basis, and should be primarily utilized for the day-to-day expenses incurred by cultural groups. It is, therefore, the intent of the Legislature to create an endowment matching fund program which will guarantee sufficient operating resources for those organizations which participate.
History.—s. 2, ch. 85-152; s. 3, ch. 96-386.


text:
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Teachers & Librarians
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Home » Products » Feathered
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Written by Deborah Kerbel
"When I was three years old, Mom plucked a curly white feather out of my neck. If I get scared or the loneliness comes over me, I run my fingertip over the tiny scar and dream about the day the rest of my feathers will grow in. That's the day I'll fly away from here." For eleven-year-old Finch, there couldn't be a better time to fly away from her life. Her dad died last year and her mom hasn't been the same since, her best friend dropped her, and her brother's awful classmate is too mean for words. But when a girl named Pinky moves in next door, a girl from India who also doesn't seem to fit in, Finch feels a flicker of hope that her life might just be turning around. And when something terrible happens and it seems Finch may be the only one who can help her new friend, she comes to understand that flying is not the answer --- sometimes right where you are is the best place to be.
Author Deborah Kerbel has created a central character readers will connect with immediately in this captivating middle-grade novel. With a keen understanding of the particular difficulties facing girls as they enter adolescence, this powerfully written book is about learning to believe in yourself, finding the courage to do what you think is right and recognizing the difference you can make in the lives of others. It is both a compelling page-turner and an excellent reference for classroom discussions on loss, bullying, racism, learning difficulties and mental health.
Paperback Ebook
978-1-77138-342-4 | Jan 1, 2018
List Price: USD $12.99, CAD $12.99
Grades: 4 To 8 / Ages: 9 to 13
978-1-77138-681-4 | Apr 1, 2016
List Price: USD $7.99, CAD $7.99
Dealing with feelings
Guided Reading W
Guided Reading Grade Level 6
Lexile Level 750L
death of parent
parent and child relationship
girls can
"Set in 1980 during Terry Fox's marathon, Finch's story still rings true today."
— Kirkus Reviews, February 2016
"Traces of Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) and David Almond's Skellig (1998) run through the delicate narrative, which stands firmly on its own."
— Booklist, March 2016
"... preteen readers will be able to relate to many of the challenges that [Finch] faces and will want to follow her as she lifts her family and her friend out of their grim situations."
— Resource Links, June 2016
"Feathered is engaging and moving in equal measures, and many readers will empathize with the character's feelings of loneliness and awkwardness."
— Canadian Children's Book News, August 2016
2017 - Vine Awards for Canadian Jewish Literature, Koffler Centre of the Arts, Short-listed
2016 - Best Books for Kids and Teens, Canadian Children's Book Centre, Winner
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text:
Research ArticleENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction
Gerardo Ceballos1,*,
Paul R. Ehrlich2,
Anthony D. Barnosky3,
Andrés García4,
Robert M. Pringle5 and
Todd M. Palmer6
1Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, México.
2Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
3Department of Integrative Biology and Museums of Paleontology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA.
4Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Jalisco 48980, México.
5Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
6Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611–8525, USA.
↵*Corresponding author. E-mail: gceballo{at}ecologia.unam.mx
Science Advances 19 Jun 2015:
Vol. 1, no. 5, e1400253
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400253
Gerardo Ceballos
Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, México.
For correspondence: gceballo@ecologia.unam.mx
Paul R. Ehrlich
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
Anthony D. Barnosky
Department of Integrative Biology and Museums of Paleontology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA.
Andrés García
Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Jalisco 48980, México.
Robert M. Pringle
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Todd M. Palmer
Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611–8525, USA.
The oft-repeated claim that Earth's biota is entering a sixth "mass extinction" depends on clearly demonstrating that current extinction rates are far above the "background" rates prevailing between the five previous mass extinctions. Earlier estimates of extinction rates have been criticized for using assumptions that might overestimate the severity of the extinction crisis. We assess, using extremely conservative assumptions, whether human activities are causing a mass extinction. First, we use a recent estimate of a background rate of 2 mammal extinctions per 10,000 species per 100 years (that is, 2 E/MSY), which is twice as high as widely used previous estimates. We then compare this rate with the current rate of mammal and vertebrate extinctions. The latter is conservatively low because listing a species as extinct requires meeting stringent criteria. Even under our assumptions, which would tend to minimize evidence of an incipient mass extinction, the average rate of vertebrate species loss over the last century is up to 100 times higher than the background rate. Under the 2 E/MSY background rate, the number of species that have gone extinct in the last century would have taken, depending on the vertebrate taxon, between 800 and 10,000 years to disappear. These estimates reveal an exceptionally rapid loss of biodiversity over the last few centuries, indicating that a sixth mass extinction is already under way. Averting a dramatic decay of biodiversity and the subsequent loss of ecosystem services is still possible through intensified conservation efforts, but that window of opportunity is rapidly closing.
Sixth mass extinction
vertebrate extinctions
rates of extinction
background extinction
modern vertebrate losses
The loss of biodiversity is one of the most critical current environmental problems, threatening valuable ecosystem services and human well-being (1–7). A growing body of evidence indicates that current species extinction rates are higher than the pre-human background rate (8–15), with hundreds of anthropogenic vertebrate extinctions documented in prehistoric and historic times (16–23). For example, in the islands of tropical Oceania, up to 1800 bird species (most described in the last few decades from subfossil remains) are estimated to have gone extinct in the ~2000 years since human colonization (24). Written records of extinctions of large mammals, birds, and reptiles date back to the 1600s and include species such as the dodo (Raphus cucullatus, extinguished in the 17th century), Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas, extinguished in the 18th century), and the Rodrigues giant tortoise (Cylindraspis peltastes, extinguished in the 19th century). More species extinction records date from the 19th century and include numerous species of mammals and birds. Records of extinction for reptiles, amphibians, freshwater fishes, and other organisms have mainly been documented since the beginning of the 20th century (14, 17). Moreover, even in species that are not currently threatened, the extirpation of populations is frequent and widespread, with losses that far outstrip species-level extinctions (18, 25). Population-level extinction directly threatens ecosystem services and is the prelude to species-level extinction (18).
Here, we analyze the modern rates of vertebrate species extinction and compare them with a recently computed background rate for mammals (7). We specifically addressed the following questions: (i) Are modern rates of mammal and vertebrate extinctions higher than the highest empirically derived background rates? (ii) How have modern extinction rates in mammals and vertebrates changed through time? (iii) How many years would it have taken for species that went extinct in modern times to have been lost if the background rate had prevailed? These are important issues because the uncertainties about estimates of species loss have led skeptics to question the magnitude of anthropogenic extinctions (26) and because understanding the magnitude of the extinction crisis is relevant for conservation, maintenance of ecosystem services, and public policy.
Until recently, most studies of modern extinction rates have been based on indirect estimates derived, for example, on the rates of deforestation and on species-area relationships (11, 14). Problems related to estimating extinction since 1500 AD (that is, modern extinctions) have been widely discussed, and the literature reflects broad agreement among environmental scientists that biases lead to underestimating the number of species that have gone extinct in the past few centuries—the period during which Homo sapiens truly became a major force on the biosphere (1–4, 6–8, 14, 15). However, direct evaluation is complicated by uncertainties in estimating the incidence of extinction in historical time and by methodological difficulties in comparing contemporary extinctions with past ones.
Less discussed are assumptions underlying the estimation of background extinction rates. The lower these estimates, the more dramatic current extinction rates will appear by comparison. In nearly all comparisons of modern versus background extinction rates, the background rate has been assumed to be somewhere between 0.1 and 1 species extinction per 10,000 species per 100 years (equal to 0.1 to 1 species extinction per million species per year, a widely used metric known as E/MSY). Those estimates reflect the state of knowledge available from the fossil record in the 1990s (7, 9–13). In a recent analysis, which charted the stratigraphic ranges of thousands of mammal species, extinction rates were measured over intervals ranging from single years to millions of years, and the mean extinction rate and variance were computed for each span of time (7). In this way, the background extinction rate estimated for mammals was estimated at 1.8 E/MSY, here rounded upward conservatively to 2 E/MSY (that is, 2 extinctions per 100 years per 10,000 species). This is double the highest previous rough estimate.
Those previously estimated background rates were primarily derived from marine invertebrate fossils, which are likely to have greater species longevity than vertebrates (10, 15). Data deficiencies make it impossible to conduct empirical analyses (as was done for mammals) for non-mammal terrestrial vertebrates; therefore, we assume the background rates of other vertebrates to be similar to those of mammals. This supposition leads to a more conservative assessment of differences between current and past extinction rates for the vertebrates as a whole, compared with using the very low background extinction rate derived from marine invertebrates.
The analysis we present here avoids using assumptions such as loss of species predicted from species-area relationships, which can suggest very high extinction rates, and which have raised the possibility that scientists are "alarmists" seeking to exaggerate the impact of humans on the biosphere (26). Here, we ascertain whether even the lowest estimates of the difference between background and contemporary extinction rates still justify the conclusion that people are precipitating a global spasm of biodiversity loss.
Modern and background rates of vertebrate extinctions
Modern rates of vertebrate extinction were much higher than a background extinction rate of 2 E/MSY. Among the vertebrate taxa evaluated by the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 338 extinctions have been documented since 1500 ["extinct" (EX), Table 1]. An additional 279 species have become either "extinct in the wild" (EW) or listed as "possibly extinct" (PE), totaling 617 vertebrate species summed over the three categories. Most extinctions have occurred in the last 114 years (that is, since 1900; Table 1). Our estimated "highly conservative" (that is, using data for EX species only) and "conservative" (that is, by including EX, EW, and PE) modern extinction rates for vertebrates varied from 8 to 100 times higher than the background rate (Table 2). This means, for example, that under the 2 E/MSY background rate, 9 vertebrate extinctions would have been expected since 1900; however, under the conservative rate, 468 more vertebrates have gone extinct than would have if the background rate had persisted across all vertebrates under that period. Specifically, these 468 species include 69 mammal species, 80 bird species, 24 reptiles, 146 amphibians, and 158 fish.
Table 1 Numbers of species used in the Table 2 calculations of "highly conservative" and "conservative" modern extinction rates based on the IUCN Red List (17).
For the highly conservative rates, only species verified as "extinct" (EX) were included; for the conservative extinction rates, species in the categories "extinct in the wild" (EW) and "possibly extinct" (PE) were also included.
Table 2 Elevation of "highly conservative" and "conservative" modern vertebrate extinction rates above background rate of 2 E/MSY (see table S2 for calculations).
For each assessment category, two periods are shown: extinction rates computed from 1500 to the present, and from 1900 to the present.
Variation in modern extinction rates through time
Modern extinction rates have increased sharply over the past 200 years (corresponding to the rise of industrial society) and are considerably higher than background rates (Fig. 1). Rates of modern extinctions vary among vertebrate groups (Fig. 1). For example, amphibians, comprising of ~7300 species, show an accelerating rate of extinction: only 34 extinctions have been documented with a high level of certainty since 1500, yet >100 species have likely disappeared since 1980 (17, 23). This may not only reflect real trends but also a shortage of data for groups for which most species are not yet evaluated, such as reptiles and fish (21, 22).
Fig. 1 Cumulative vertebrate species recorded as extinct or extinct in the wild by the IUCN (2012).
Graphs show the percentage of the number of species evaluated among mammals (5513; 100% of those described), birds (10,425; 100%), reptiles (4414; 44%), amphibians (6414; 88%), fishes (12,457; 38%), and all vertebrates combined (39,223; 59%). Dashed black curve represents the number of extinctions expected under a constant standard background rate of 2 E/MSY. (A) Highly conservative estimate. (B) Conservative estimate.
Modern extinctions if background rate had prevailed
Our results indicate that modern vertebrate extinctions that occurred since 1500 and 1900 AD would have taken several millennia to occur if the background rate had prevailed. The total number of vertebrate species that went extinct in the last century would have taken about 800 to 10,000 years to disappear under the background rate of 2 E/MSY (Fig. 2). The particularly high losses in the last several decades accentuate the increasing severity of the modern extinction crisis.
Fig. 2 Number of years that would have been required for the observed vertebrate species extinctions in the last 114 years to occur under a background rate of 2 E/MSY.
Red markers, highly conservative scenario; blue markers, conservative scenario. Note that for all vertebrates, the observed extinctions would have taken between 800 to 10,000 years to disappear, assuming 2 E/MSY. Different classes of vertebrates all show qualitatively similar trends.
Arguably the most serious aspect of the environmental crisis is the loss of biodiversity—the other living things with which we share Earth. This affects human well-being by interfering with crucial ecosystem services such as crop pollination and water purification and by destroying humanity's beautiful, fascinating, and culturally important living companions (4, 5, 15, 27–30).
Our analysis shows that current extinction rates vastly exceed natural average background rates, even when (i) the background rate is considered to be double previous estimates and when (ii) data on modern vertebrate extinctions are treated in the most conservative plausible way. We emphasize that our calculations very likely underestimate the severity of the extinction crisis because our aim was to place a realistic "lower bound" on humanity's impact on biodiversity. Therefore, although biologists cannot say precisely how many species there are, or exactly how many have gone extinct in any time interval, we can confidently conclude that modern extinction rates are exceptionally high, that they are increasing, and that they suggest a mass extinction under way—the sixth of its kind in Earth's 4.5 billion years of history.
A final important point is that we focus exclusively on species, ignoring the extirpation of populations—the units relevant to ecological functioning and the delivery of ecosystem services (4, 5, 29). Population extinction cannot be reliably assessed from the fossil record, precluding any analysis along the lines of that presented here. Also, although it is clear that there are high rates of population extinction (18), existing data are much less reliable and far harder to obtain than those for species, which will remain true for the foreseeable future. Likewise, we have not considered animals other than vertebrates because of data deficiencies.
The evidence is incontrovertible that recent extinction rates are unprecedented in human history and highly unusual in Earth's history. Our analysis emphasizes that our global society has started to destroy species of other organisms at an accelerating rate, initiating a mass extinction episode unparalleled for 65 million years. If the currently elevated extinction pace is allowed to continue, humans will soon (in as little as three human lifetimes) be deprived of many biodiversity benefits. On human time scales, this loss would be effectively permanent because in the aftermath of past mass extinctions, the living world took hundreds of thousands to millions of years to rediversify. Avoiding a true sixth mass extinction will require rapid, greatly intensified efforts to conserve already threatened species and to alleviate pressures on their populations—notably habitat loss, overexploitation for economic gain, and climate change (31–33). All of these are related to human population size and growth, which increases consumption (especially among the rich), and economic inequity (6). However, the window of opportunity is rapidly closing.
To estimate modern extinction rates, we compiled data on the total number of described species and the number of extinct and possibly extinct vertebrate species from the 2014 IUCN Red List (17). In the IUCN's list, extinct species can be viewed as the minimum number of actual extinctions during recent human history (that is, since 1500) because it lists species known to be extinct (EX), extinct in the wild (EW), and possibly extinct (PE, a subcategory within "critically endangered" reserved for species thought to be extinct, but not confirmed) (17) (table S1). We used the IUCN data to calculate modern extinction rates in two ways: (i) we estimate a "highly conservative modern extinction rate" by using the data exclusively on species listed as EX, and (ii) we calculate a "conservative extinction rate" by including also both EW and PE species (table S2). Including these latter two categories recognizes that there is only a slim chance that most of the species in those categories can reestablish viable populations in their native habitats. In terms of biological impact and the provision of ecosystem services, we consider EW and PE species to be functionally equivalent to EX species: even if some individuals still exist, their abundances are not sufficient to have a substantial influence on ecological function and processes.
The IUCN's list is considered the authoritative, albeit likely conservative, assessment of the conservation status of plant and animal species. About 1.8 million species have been described since 1758 (when the current nomenclature system was developed), of which 1.3 million are animals (3, 17). Of these animal species, about 39,223 (of the currently counted 66,178) vertebrate species have been formally assessed and reported in the 2014 IUCN Red List (17). In the IUCN sample, mammals, birds, and amphibians have had between 88 and 100% of their known species evaluated, whereas only 44% of reptiles and 38% of fish species have been assessed (Table 1). We focus our comparisons on vertebrates because they are the group for which the most reliable data exist, both fossil and modern.
To produce conservative comparisons with modern extinctions, we assumed a background extinction rate of 2 E/MSY as the highest likely baseline average background extinction rate (7); that is, we should expect 2 extinctions per 10,000 vertebrate species per 100 years. That background extinction rate was empirically determined using the exceptionally good fossil records of mammals, combining extinction counts from paleontological databases and published literature on the fossil, subfossil, and historical records (7). Using the resulting high background extinction rate provides a stringent test for assessing whether current modern extinction rates indicate that a mass extinction event is under way. Previous estimates of background extinction rates for other taxa are invariably lower than the mammal-derived estimate of 2 E/MSY used here.
Supplementary material for this article is available at http://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1/5/e1400253/DC1
Table S1. Definitions of IUCN categories (17) used to assess modern extinction rates.
Table S2. Estimation of modern extinction rates since 1500 and 1900.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.
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, The Impact of conservation on the status of the world's vertebrates. Science 330, 1503–1509 (2010).
Acknowledgments: We would like to thank B. Young for helping us with the data on "possibly extinct species" published by IUCN. J. Soberon, C. Mendenhall, and J. Pacheco gave valuable suggestions on the manuscript. Funding: This work has been supported by the Programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación e innovación tecnológica from UNAM. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Copyright © 2015, The Authors
Vol 1, No. 5
You are going to email the following Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction
By Gerardo Ceballos, Paul R. Ehrlich, Anthony D. Barnosky, Andrés García, Robert M. Pringle, Todd M. Palmer
Science Advances 19 Jun 2015 : e1400253
Humans are causing a massive animal extinction without precedent in 65 million years.


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text:
Ця стаття містить дві версії списку королів Бурунді, традиційну та сучасну генеалогію.

Традиційна генеалогія
 Нтаре I: бл. 1530 — бл. 1550
 Мвезі I: бл. 1550 — бл. 1580
 Мутага I: бл. 1580 — бл. 1600
 Мвабутса I: бл. 1600 — бл. 1620
 Нтаре II: бл. 1620 — бл. 1650
 Мвезі II: бл. 1650 — бл. 1680
 Мутага II: бл. 1680 — бл. 1700
 Мвабутса II: бл. 1700 — бл. 1720
 Нтаре III: бл. 1720 — бл. 1750
 Мвезі III: бл. 1750 — бл. 1780
 Мутага III: бл. 1780 — бл. 1800
 Мвабутса III: бл. 1800 — бл. 1830
 Нтаре IV: бл. 1830 — бл. 1850
 Мвезі IV: бл. 1850 — бл. 1908
 Мутага IV: бл. 1908–1915
 Мвабутса IV: 1915–1966
 Нтаре V: 1966-[1972]

Сучасна генеалогія
 Нтаре I: бл. 1680 — бл. 1709
 Мвезі III: бл. 1709 — бл. 1739
 Мутага III: бл. 1739 — бл. 1767
 Мвамбутса I: бл. 1767 — бл. 1796
 Нтаре IV: бл. 1796 — бл. 1850
 Мвезі IV: бл. 1850 — 21 серпня 1908
 Мутага IV: 1908 — 30 листопада 1915
 Мвамбутса IV: 16 грудня 1915 — 8 липня 1966
 Нтаре V: 1 вересня — 28 листопада 1966

Див. також
 Історія Бурунді
 Королівство Бурунді
 Список президентів Бурунді

Бурунді

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Safe, Secure and Reliable is at the heart of everything DRS does. We recognise the importance of on time delivery to our client's business and we are proud to offer the most consistently high standards in the industry.
At DRS we put our clients first and build tailor made transport solutions, where necessary partnering with other specialist logistic suppliers to offer a one stop shop and a purpose build, turnkey service.
DRS is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). The company was established in 1995 as a lynch pin supplier of transport and associated services to the nuclear industry. To find out more about the NDA please visit their website here.
Today DRS is a profitable and dynamic business that is achieving sustained growth with current turnover levels running at around £75 million a year and employing more than 400 staff. Whilst DRS continues to support the decommissioning activities of its parent company, it has successfully extended its service offerings into a number of new and exciting rail market sectors.
Building on previous successfully delivered strategies, this document sets out the direction for DRS over the next 20 years. In order to ensure the long term success of the business, this strategy sets out how key nuclear skills and capabilities will be retained and developed in support of the NDA mission.


We just released two exciting new updates for Helpmonks — a summary of assigned emails and emails in the conversation view are now collapsible.
Assigning emails to team members is one of the most used functionalities in Helpmonks. Hence we are sure you will like that you will now have a summary of assigned emails on within your "Assigned (to others)" folder.
A conversation can sometimes become very long with status messages, notes and replies. As of today, all emails within the conversation view are now collapsed. The exception to this is the most recent reply.
Collapsed messages show a short excerpt and by clicking on it will expand to show the whole message. You will also find an option to expand or collapse all messages simultaneously on top.
We have some very exciting new enhancements in store for you that we will release in the coming weeks. Stay tuned!