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David Bowie turns to jazz for inspiration
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NEW YORK • A lot of questions arose when David Bowie unveiled Blackstar, the 10-minute title track of his new album, as a music video in November.
What was the meaning of the clip's sci-fi surrealism? What had inspired its ominous lyrics? And, perhaps more practically, who were these musicians helping to shape its gnarly but limber style?
One of those questions, at least, is answerable. Bowie, an elusive rock star whose music has been as famously changeable as his image, enlisted the Donny McCaslin Quartet, a rugged jazz-rock combo featuring McCaslin on saxophone, Jason Lindner on keyboards, Tim Lefebvre on electric bass and Mark Guiliana on drums.
And for all of Blackstar, he plugged right into the intensely responsive metabolism of the band, opening an unlikely new door in his nearly 50-year recording career. The album is due out on Friday, his 69th birthday, on ISO/Columbia.
For all of Blackstar, David Bowie plugged right into the intensely responsive metabolism of the DonnyMcCaslin Quartet, openingan unlikelynewdoor in his nearly 50-year recording career.
After the revamped rock snarl of his 2013 album, The Next Day (Columbia), Bowie was determined to seek inspiration elsewhere.
Tony Visconti, his main producer and collaborator since Space Oddity, from 1969, said that along the way, they had admired how Kendrick Lamar's album To Pimp A Butterfly stood both within and outside hip-hop, especially in its relationship to jazz.
"David and I had long had a fascination for Stan Kenton and Gil Evans," Visconti added, referring to two prominent jazz orchestrators of the mid-20th century. "We spoke about that virtually the first time we met, back in the 1960s. We always saw pop and rock as something we were quite capable of doing, but we always held the jazz gods on a pedestal above us."
The first inkling of this new direction came in the final weeks of 2014, when Bowie released Sue (Or In A Season Of Crime), a noirish track featuring the Maria Schneider Orchestra, with McCaslin as a soloist. (It was issued as a single and as part of a three-disc compilation, Nothing Has Changed.) There was talk about Schneider's continued involvement, but she was too focused on her own album. She recommended McCaslin's band.
McCaslin, 49, has been a stalwart on the New York jazz scene for more than 20 years - an improviser with an aptitude for controlled abandon, often uncorking solos that feel wild and cogent.
He recently received a Grammy nomination for best improvised jazz solo, for the deft, swirling tenor saxophone work on Arbiters Of Evolution, from that album Schneider was working on, The Thompson Fields (ArtistShare).
About four years ago, McCaslin made a hard turn towards groove as a bandleader, enlisting the other members of the quartet, who have their own separate histories together.
The band's first album on Greenleaf Music, Casting For Gravity, came out in 2012; a follow-up, Fast Future, appeared last year.
The group's usual haunt is the 55 Bar, where Bowie showed up unannounced to hear them early last year.
Soon afterwards, he extended an invitation to work on his next album, in a series of sessions at the Magic Shop in SoHo.
Both parties did their homework. Bowie had listened intently to Casting For Gravity and Beat Music: The Los Angeles Improvisations, a self-released album by Guiliana.
"And we watched their YouTube videos," Visconti said. "We were spying on them. David said to me, 'Really listen a lot to this and get in your mind how they work'."
Meanwhile, McCaslin received two batches of demo recordings from Bowie featuring his guitar parts: one made at the Magic Shop with Visconti and others, and one created at his home studio. He led a crash rehearsal in a Brooklyn basement, so that the tunes would be familiar in the studio.
The band set up in one room at the Magic Shop and, rather than taking his place in an isolation booth - or for that matter, in the control room - Bowie stood among them, at a microphone. He ended up singing every take live with the band even though the resulting vocal tracks, with so much sound bleed from the drums, would be unusable.
"It was unbelievably inspiring," Guiliana said. "He was in top form from start to finish. Even if he didn't have lyrics and, it was more of a guide melody, it still had this commitment."
While the bass and drum parts from the demos were well developed, there was a translation process for Lindner, who used nine keyboards with various distortion and effects pedals.
"What I like is to just leave certain notes ringing, if they work," he said. "It's kind of like how a guitarist has open strings. I try to imagine something like that - try to find the open strings on the keyboard, where the note would naturally resonate with the tonality and the feeling of what's going on. That gives a more grassroots feeling."
Only one track on the album, the grandly bittersweet ballad Dollar Days, was created without a demo for reference. Bowie played that song on an acoustic guitar and the musicians learnt it by ear.
But other tracks had elements that developed on the spot, such as Lefebvre's opening bass vamp on Lazarus. Some tunes, such as Tis A Pity She Was A Whore, veer thrillingly towards overdrive.
As McCaslin wails during the home stretch, Bowie can be heard yelping in excitement, sounding hoarse: "Woo!"
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Straits Times on January 06, 2016, with the headline 'David Bowie turns to jazz for inspiration'. Print Edition | Subscribe


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WeatherFlow-Tempest to develop advanced weather monitoring and decision support tools
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Today announced a collaboration with Disney Parks, Experiences and Products to co-develop weather-based products and decision support tools. Disney's expertise in managing complex outdoor entertainment operations combined with WeatherFlow-Tempest's innovative hardware, unrivaled data collection and AI-based weather modeling will deliver a new level of weather intelligence to inform operational planning at outdoor venues where weather plays a role in decision-making, including Disney properties.
"Disney's world-class operational management has long included innovative safety monitoring processes and technology," said Buck Lyons, Chief Executive Officer of WeatherFlow-Tempest.
"This joint effort will combine that know-how with our cutting-edge data collection and forecasting capabilities to develop powerful tools that will enhance decision-making around the weather.
The collaboration will improve the experience for all of our customers, from theme parks to small businesses to families in their homes."
WeatherFlow-Tempest helps individual, business, and government customers mitigate the enormous impact of weather through point-specific weather information, automated alerts, and intelligent forecasting.
The agreement with Disney will provide new possibilities to leverage WeatherFlow-Tempest's vast weather observing network, proprietary Nearcast Technology™, and suite of related apps and services.
"Working with WeatherFlow-Tempest will enable the development of products and services that provide a new caliber of predictive weather data and decision support," said Greg Hale, Chief Safety Officer and Vice President of Worldwide Safety and Assurance Disney Parks, Experiences and Products.
About WeatherFlow-Tempest
WeatherFlow-Tempest Inc. is a technology company reshaping the private sector weather industry. Their mission is to help mitigate and control the enormous cost of weather on business and daily life. Formed in 2019, the company has experienced explosive growth with an array of technology and services designed to scale globally.
The company is led by a team of experienced entrepreneurs, engineers, and scientists. With patented Nearcast Technology™ and proprietary observing data from the Tempest Network at the heart of the company, WeatherFlow-Tempest provides multiple innovative value-added products and services.
About Disney Parks, Experiences and Products
Disney Parks, Experiences and Products brings the magic of The Walt Disney Company's powerful brands and franchises—including Disney, Pixar, Marvel, Star Wars, ESPN, 20th Century Fox and National Geographic—into the daily lives of families and fans around the world to create magical memories that last a lifetime.
When Walt Disney opened Disneyland in Anaheim, California, on July 17, 1955, he created a unique destination built around storytelling and immersive experiences, ushering in a new era of family entertainment.
More than 65 years later, Disney has grown into one of the world's leading providers of family travel and leisure experiences, with iconic businesses including six resort destinations with 12 theme parks and 52 resorts in the United States, Europe, and Asia; a top-rated cruise line with four ships and plans for three more; a luxurious family beach resort in Hawai'i; a popular vacation ownership program; and an award-winning guided family adventure business.
Disney's global consumer products operations include the world's leading licensing business; the world's largest children's publishing brands; one of the world's largest licensors of games across all platforms; Disney store locations around the world; and the shopDisney e-commerce platform.
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10 Badass and Unknown Facts About Jackie Chan. - Find Riddles?
Jackie Chan needs no introduction! But still you have the right to know some of the most little known facts about Jackie Chan.
Did you know that our favorite Jackie Chan has a permanent plastic plug in his skull because one of his stunts went wrong? Sad, right?


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By Noah Chast
Published February 24, 2022 10:30 AM
Many C. Oregonians excited for lifting of indoor mask mandate, emergency declaration
(Update: Adding video, comments from business, Bend and Redmond teachers' unions)
Feedback from school districts backed earlier move; people in 'high-risk groups' still urged to wear masks in public
BEND, Ore. (KTVZ) -- Starting on Saturday, March 19, mask mandates will be lifted for all indoor spaces in Oregon, including schools.
On April 1, the governor's Covid-19 emergency declaration will be lifted.
Jennifer Potts, who lives in Bend, feels these moves are appropriate.
"I think it's time, I think it's time," Potts said of Thursday's announcement. "We have to learn to live with this virus."
Covid-19 hospitalizations have dropped 48 percent since peaking in late January and over the past two weeks, hospitalizations have fallen by an average of more than 30 a day.
Members of the Bend and Redmond Education Associations (teachers unions) provided this joint statement to NewsChannel 21:
"Many Central Oregon educators are excited to hear today's news from state authorities regarding the rapid decline of COVID hospitalizations in Oregon. As our school districts work to make appropriate updates to state required Safe Return to In-Person Instruction & Continuity of Service Plans, we are confident district officials will ensure the transition to mask optional school settings is in alignment with statute/rules/regulations and will continue to consider students/staff with medical complexities with kindness, compassion, and respect."
Several other Central Oregonians said they are ready to start going places without needing to don a mask.
"I am pretty excited about it," Jill Butcher of Bend said. "I'm getting kind of tired of wearing the mask."
Michael Grant from Sisters agrees.
"Just from the news I've read it, just feels like the timing is good to stop wearing masks inside," Grant said.
Deb Bourine is an artist who works behind the counter at Red Chair Art Gallery in downtown Bend.
"I'm excited, I'm happy for it," Bourine said of the mandate being lifted.
She's looking forward to seeing people's faces again, but she has no problem if people still want to wear a mask.
"Oh I would definitely allow anyone that wanted to come in and wear their mask," Bourine said.
Butcher will use her judgment based on the situation.
"I might still wear my mask in some situations, but it will be nice to have the freedom to feel like I can take it off," Butcher said.
With two different variants causing surges after the last mandate was lifted, that same possibility is on many people's minds.
"So yeah, I guess there's always going to be that fear that maybe another virus is going to come along -- maybe it's going to be coronavirus, maybe it's going to be a new virus," Potts said.
"It's some educated concern that could definitely happen, but I don't have fear about it," Grant added.
"I kind of refuse to live in a fear-based thing. I'm not worried one iota about it, really," Bourine said sternly.
Bourine thinks after March 19, it should stay an individual's choice.
"If they want to keep wearing it, good. But I don't have to think like they think, or they don't have to think like I think," Bourine said. "So whatever is best for each person, let them do it."
The Redmond School Board had recently directed the district staff to come up with a plan to make masks optional starting March 2 .
On Thursday, Superintendent Charan Cline said the school board may meet before next Wednesday to reconsider their directive, in light of the new, earlier mask mandate ending date.
Here are the Oregon Health Authority and Gov. Kate Brown's office announcements of the changes:
Oregon to lift mask requirements for indoor public spaces, schools March 19
PORTLAND, Ore. – Oregon will lift mask requirements for indoor public places and Oregon's schools on March 19, Oregon Health Authority (OHA) announced today, as hospitalizations drop and are projected to reach levels below those at the start of the Omicron surge.
Earlier this month, OHA announced that the general indoor mask requirement would be lifted by March 31, with the option of lifting it sooner if conditions improved enough.
Originally, OHA announced that the K-12 indoor mask rule would lift on March 31. Feedback from school districts around the state indicated that preparations for the transition could be completed earlier.
By that date, it was expected, 400 or fewer people per day in Oregon would be hospitalized with the virus, a level the state experienced prior to the arrival of the Omicron variant. A recent modeling report by Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) predicted the state would reach that total around March 20.
Daily COVID-19 hospitalizations have declined 48% since peaking in late January. Over the past two weeks, hospitalizations have fallen by an average of more than 30 a day. Yesterday, there were 579 people hospitalized with COVID-19 across the state.
Reported COVID-19 infections also have dropped precipitously in recent weeks. Over the past month, new infections have declined by more than 80%. The seven-day moving average for new cases is 84% lower than at the peak of the Omicron surge.
"We are able to take this important step, earlier than anticipated, because of the collective diligence and the shared sacrifice that people in Oregon have demonstrated in getting vaccinated, wearing masks and limiting their gatherings," said Dean Sidelinger, M.D. MSEd, health officer and state epidemiologist. His videotaped statement is here.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbAqXmmkCqk
"Based on the feedback from local leaders and communities, OHA and ODE are partnering to develop practical updates to safety protocols for quarantine, contact tracing, and testing that meet the current conditions of the pandemic, said Colt Gill, director of the Oregon Department of Education and deputy superintendent of public instruction.
"These guidelines will continue to support our North Star goal of providing in-person learning for every student, all day, every school day and will focus on specific supports for students, staff, and families that may be at more risk from COVID-19 than others in the school population."
His videotaped statement is here.
The March 19 date continues to give local communities time to prepare for the transition, and it allows district and school leaders to take necessary actions to ensure students can safely remain in their classrooms.
State officials highly recommend that people in high-risk groups continue to wear masks in indoor public settings, even after the restrictions are lifted.
They include people who are at higher risk because they are unvaccinated; immunocompromised; have underlying health conditions that put them at higher risk of complications; are 65 or older; or who live with someone in one of those categories.
State officials also continue to strongly recommend universal masking in K-12 settings where children are required to attend. Those settings bring together vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, as well as individuals who are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 illness.
Governor Kate Brown to Lift COVID-19 Emergency Declaration, Effective April 1
(Salem, OR) — Governor Kate Brown today announced that she will be lifting Oregon's COVID-19 emergency declaration, effective April 1. COVID-19 hospitalizations and case numbers continue to drop rapidly across Oregon as the Omicron variant recedes.
"Over the past six months, as Oregon weathered our worst surges of the pandemic, I'm proud of the way Oregonians have worked together to keep each other safe," said Governor Brown. "Lifting Oregon's COVID-19 emergency declaration today does not mean that the pandemic is over, or that COVID-19 is no longer a significant concern. But, as we have shown through the Delta and Omicron surges, as we learn to live with this virus, and with so many Oregonians protected by safe and effective vaccines, we can now protect ourselves, our friends, and our families without invoking the extraordinary emergency authorities that were necessary at the beginning of the pandemic.
"COVID-19 is still present in Oregon, and we must remain vigilant. We must continue to get vaccinated and boosted, wear masks when necessary, and stay home when sick. That is the only way we can achieve our shared goals of saving lives and keeping our schools, businesses, and communities open."
Most of the Governor's executive orders regarding COVID-19 were rescinded on June 30, 2021. In responding to the subsequent Delta and Omicron surges of COVID-19, the Governor for the most part did not use her executive authority to issue new emergency orders. She did take other steps, such as activating the Oregon National Guard to help support hospital workers, and coordinating with the Oregon Health Authority (OHA) to bring skilled healthcare workers to Oregon to support hospital and long-term care facility staff.
Since June 30, the emergency declaration has provided the state with flexibility and resources for the state's COVID-19 response and recovery efforts, including allowing for the use of SERV-OR volunteer medical providers in hospitals, providing flexibility around professional health licensing, and ensuring Oregon could access all available federal disaster relief funds available, such as enhanced SNAP benefits.
Safety requirements in place today regarding masks, vaccinations for K-12 educators and staff, and vaccinations for healthcare workers do not rely on the state of emergency declaration––instead, they are covered by state or federal agency administrative rules issued under existing non-emergency state or federal authority.
Article Topic Follows: Coronavirus
Noah Chast
Noah Chast is a multimedia journalist for NewsChannel 21. Learn more about Noah here.


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Primary Sources: Definition & Examples
Primary Sources in the Library Collection
The Annals of America by Encyclopedia Britannica
Call Number: Reference Collection: E173 .A793 2003 v. 1-22
Annals of America and other books containing reprints of historical documents (e.g., The Declaration of Independence) are located in Ref. E 173.
Then Came the Fire: Personal Accounts from the Pentagon, 11 September 2001
Call Number: eBook and print (HV6432.7 .T54 2011)
The accounts presented in this anthology are excerpts from the interviews and written recollections gathered by the Center of Military History.
The Civil War: The First Year Told by Those Who Lived It
Call Number: E464 .S56 2011
Drawn from letters, diaries, speeches, articles, poems, songs, military reports, legal opinions, and memoirs.
Watch Veteran Interviews
Clip from video interview with World War II Veteran Forrest Gore. (Download Video)
Download this item and watch many other video interviews in the APSU Veterans' Oral History Project.
A primary source is an original object or document -- the raw material or first-hand information, source material that is closest to what is being studied.
Primary sources vary by discipline and can include historical and legal documents, eye witness accounts, results of an experiment, statistical data, pieces of creative writing, and art objects. In the natural and social sciences, the results of an experiment or study are typically found in scholarly articles or papers delivered at conferences, so those articles and papers that present the original results are considered primary sources.
A secondary source is something written about a primary source. Secondary sources include comments on, interpretations of, or discussions about the original material. Secondary source materials can be articles in newspapers or popular magazines, book or movie reviews, or articles found in scholarly journals that evaluate or criticize someone else's original research.
A tertiary source is a distillation and collection of primary and secondary sources.
From http://www.lib.umd.edu/guides/primary-sources.html
SUBJECT PRIMARY SECONDARY
Art and Architecture Painting by Manet Article critiquing art piece
Chemistry/Life Sciences Einstein's diary Bookon Einstein's life
Engineering/Physical Sciences Patent NTIS database
Humanities Letters by Martin Luther King Web site on King's writings
Social Sciences Notes taken by clinical psychologist Magazine article about the psychological condition
Performing Arts Movie filmed in 1942 Biography of the director
Primary vs. Secondary
This video tutorial from the Hartness Library on You Tube offers some good illustrations of the difference between primary and secondary sources. It also includes an overview of how primary and secondary sources can vary based on a research topic.
How to Cite Your Sources
Information of citing your sources for papers in MLA, APA, Chicago, and other styles
Citation Managers This link opens in a new window
Citation managers allow you to import references from online databases, organize your references into folders, and generate formatted references pages in a variety of formats (MLA and APA).
Research Appointment
Are your searches not yielding the results you expected? Are you having trouble finding the information you need? You may schedule a private consultation with a librarian to obtain assistance with developing strategies for your research.
Next: Finding Primary Sources >>


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> May contain traces of sesame, soy, lupines and other nuts.
Best enjoyed with fresh fruit, milk, yoghurt or quark. Also great as a topping for cream or ice-cream desserts.


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Trifluoroiodomethane, also referred to as trifluoromethyl iodide is a halomethane with the formula CF3I. It is an experimental alternative to Halon 1301 (CBrF3) in unoccupied areas.  It would be used as a gaseous fire suppression flooding agent for in-flight aircraft and electronic equipment fires.

Chemistry
It is used in the rhodium-catalyzed α-trifluoromethylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones.

It can be used as a new generation fire extinguishing agent to replace Halon in fire protection systems. The mechanism of extinguishing fires for CF3I is active and primarily based on interruption of the chain reaction in the combustion area of the flame by so-called "negative" catalytic action. It is also used as an eco-friendly insulation gas to replace  SF6 in electrical power industry.

In the presence of sunlight or at temperatures above 100 °C it can react with water, forming hazardous by-products such as hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen iodide (HI) and carbonyl fluoride (COF2).

Environmental effects
Trifluoroiodomethane contains carbon, fluorine, and iodine atoms. Although iodine is several hundred times more efficient at destroying stratospheric ozone than chlorine, experiments have shown that because the weak C-I bond breaks easily under the influence of water (owing to the electron-attracting fluorine atoms), trifluoroiodomethane has an ozone depleting potential less than one-thousandth that of Halon 1301 (0.008-0.01). Its atmospheric lifetime, at less than 1 month, is less than 1 percent that of Halon 1301, and less even than hydrogen chloride formed from volcanoes.

There is, however, still the problem of the C-F bonds absorbing in the atmospheric window. However, the IPCC has calculated the 100-year global warming potential of trifluoroiodomethane to be 0.4 (i.e., 40% of that of CO2).

References

Further reading

External links

Data sheet (in Japanese)
Material Safety Data Sheet CF3I (in English)
CF3I can be used as fire extinguishing agent

Halomethanes
Fire suppression agents
Trifluoromethyl compounds
Organoiodides

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Home Local News President Ramaphosa urges South Africans to take a firm stance against racism
President Ramaphosa urges South Africans to take a firm stance against racism
September 9, 2020, 6:34 pm	 Local News
President Cyril Ramaphosa says in order to move forward in unity the country must take a firm and unrelenting stance on combating racism in all forms. Ramaphosa was engaging in a question and answer session with the South African National Editors' Forum (Sanef) this evening.
The engagement was part of the President's ongoing dialogue with different sectors of society.
Health and lifestyle retailer Clicks has come under fire over a controversial online advertisement that denigrated the hair of black women.
The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) has protested at Clicks stores nationwide.
Clicks and Checkers have removed Tresemme products from their shelves over the company's involvement in the saga.
Ramaphosa says the gains made since the dark days of apartheid must not be allowed to be diminished.
"Racism continues to rear its head in our country where the basic human rights of sections of our populations are being degraded and undermined. Much as we have made significant progress over the last 26 years in building a non-racial South Africa and we have taken a lot of actions, but there are few who are seeking to take us backward. As a country, we must take a firm and unyielding stance against all forms of racism."
President Cyril Ramaphosa speaks against racism:
Harrasment of journalists
South African National Editors' Forum Chairperson Sbu Ngalwa has raised the issue of the harassment of journalists in the country and in the Southern African Development Community region with President Cyril Ramaphosa.
Ngalwa has urged that journalists received greater protection particularly in light of the recently adopted principles on the freedom of expression by the African Union which Ramaphosa chairs.
"As we have seen in the last few days the harassment of our SABC colleagues Foreign Editor Ousi Sophie Mokoena and anchor Peter Ndoro who were abused by officials linked to Zanu-PF and are part of the Zimbabwean government and we have seen over the last few days incidents of corruption particularly around the protest at Clicks and as an organisation we have issued a statement, we have asked for Parliament to investigate some of the members," adds Ngalwa.
The post President Ramaphosa urges South Africans to take a firm stance against racism appeared first on SABC News – Breaking news, special reports, world, business, sport coverage of all South African current events. Africa's news leader..
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The original Birkenstock Arizona is an easy to wear slip on that features Birkenstock's famous shock absorbing contoured footbed. The stylish shiny snake skin patterrn up top gives this model the edge over others; making them perfect for a day out or night around town. The deep heel cup, raised toe bar and broad toe box, give your feet the support and space they need and the two adjustable straps help get the perfect fit.
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AstroSage.com, Avoid oily and spicy diet. Financial hassles seem to get over as your parents extend support. Your domestic scene will be somewhat unpredictable. Erratic behaviour of your darling ruin romance today. Your senior might get impressed of the quality of your work today. Your competitive nature will enable you to win any contest you enter. You might have a serious argument with your spouse today.


From Thursday August 4 to Sunday August 7, Dekmantel will once again offer an eye-catching selection of some of the biggest left-field names in electronic music. This year's line-up includes stand out performances such as James Holden & Camilo Tirado's new show 'Outdoor Museum Of Fractals, afrobeat legend Tony Allen performing with his band, Lee 'Scratch' Perry & Adrian Sherwood, the only 2016 appearance of post-punk band ESG, and the return of firm favorites such as Ricardo Villalobos, Dixon, Moodymann, DJ Harvey, Donato Dozzy and Jeff Mills.
It goes without saying that the stunning natural surroundings of the Amsterdamse Bos remain the pinnacle of Dekmantel Festival. We also continue our complementary night program in Amsterdam's iconic Melkweg.
On the Thursday we are heading towards the city's IJ-river again, and we will set up shop at several new landmark locations for a series of opening concerts. Like last year, the awe-inspiring Muziekgebouw will be one of the key venues, but this year we're adding EYE Film Institute, Paradiso's Tolhuistuin and Bimhuis. To create an electronic music hub on the 4th of August, all venues are linked with free ferry-services and an additional free cultural program. Just three opening concerts are announced today, more shows will be announced very shortly.
Tickets for the Dekmantel Festival Opening Concerts on the 4th of August will be available shortly.
General Presale starts February 17 at 13:00 CET. Pre-register ticket sale starts February 16 at 12:00 CET.


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The Poles found the diary of an SS officer, which indicates the whereabouts of Nazi gold
3 2020 June
In Poland, the diary of a former German SS officer, under the pseudonym Michaelis, was discovered, revealing the whereabouts of values that belonged to the Third Reich at one time. It is reported by the British newspaper The First News.
The document includes a description of eleven places on the territory of Opole and Lower Silesia (Poland), where SS valuables can be hidden, including gold products, religious objects and bank deposits, as well as works of art from Poland, Germany, Russia, France and Belgium . In particular, in the Hochberg Palace in Rostock, 28 tons of gold belonging to the Nazis can be hidden. Valuable items, judging by the diary entries, lie at a depth of 60 meters in an abandoned well in the palace.
In other places indicated in the document, there are artifacts and jewelry belonging to Himmler's organization "Anenerbe" ("Ancestral Heritage"), as well as paintings stolen in European countries, including, possibly, the "Portrait of a Young Man" lost by Poland by Raphael.
The existence of Michaelis' diary became known not so long ago, when a fund in Opole called "Silesian Bridge" published information on receiving a document from its German partners. The Germans planned to present the diary to the people of Poland as an apology for World War II.
Photos Used: Bundesarchiv Deutschland
Missing the most expensive painting in the world by Da Vinci
The deposits of Russians proposed to withdraw in favor of the state
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Subsidies cut, pans are looking for new sources of financing
Offline Bitter
Bitter 3 June 2020 10: 12
Silesian Bridge has published information on receiving a document from its German partners.
... a gift to the people of Poland as an apology ....
Everything is already stolen there before us!
Offline Cheburashk
Cheburashk (Vladimir) 3 June 2020 10: 21
The Germans planned to present the diary to the people of Poland as an apology for World War II.
Oh, the Germans made fun. If the Germans made such a gift, then for a long time (if there was) nothing was already there!
Offline King3214
King3214 (Sergius) 3 June 2020 11: 14
Thirst for freebies eats brain! Yes, they have a lot of such freebie neighbors there.
Offline wassermine
wassermine (Dejan Baric) 4 June 2020 14: 06
I do not believe. Some nonsense
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Maryland Restorative Justice Intiative – Welcome to the Blog of Fusion Partnerships!
MRJI, informally known as "The Lifer's Coalition," is a four-phase initiative that focuses on "changing policy or legislation to create a mechanism for persons serving parole-eligible life sentences and long term incarceration to receive a meaningful chance of release." Each phase of the initiative is designed to put policymakers in contact with family members, friends, and other organizations that are looking to reform parole.
Finally, MRJI aims to provide a forum for advocating for and speaking on behalf of individuals – who because of their incarceration are unable to advocate on their own behalf.
A short documentary examining the issues and problems presented through Maryland's current policy requiring governor approval of parole board decisions for those serving life sentences. Featuring Walter Lomax & The Maryland Restorative Justice Initiative.


Dancing Banshee was slow and Ruby Hall very slow to begin. Pitstock Jazz hit the top of the first hurdle landed awkwardly and repeated this at the first hurdle in the back straight but on this occasion almost fell. This runner, Ruby Hall and Ngapuhi Girl jumped slowly at the rear of the field thereafter. Aranui Tamy and Kotuku Aranui came together for a stride on the home turn. A post race veterinary examination of Pitstock Jazz detected an injury requiring a 5 day stand down from racing. Pitstock Jazz (M.N.Boyd) Minor grazing to right fore foot and lameness at walk. Injected. Rule 82.1. 5 days to and including 04.05.06.
Gold Strike ran inwards at the start causing tightening and checks to itself, Danny Hand and Foreign Diplomat. These runners then jostled continuosly until entering the first turn where Foreign Diplomat was severely checked. They filled the last three placings.
The starting boxes failed to open and the runners were removed from the boxes to allow for veterinary inspection if required or requested and assessment of the boxes fault. All runners were then reboxed and the race was hand started (refer Judicial). Tourist Jack, Ash's Assassin and Thrilling Neo were the slowest to begin. Thrilling Neo ran inwards at the start and checked Tourist Jack slightly then came together with In Defence (fav and 5th) for a stride. A post race veterinary examination of Tourist Jack detected no injury.
Don Paulie, Spring Storm, Bailed Out and Parra Power were the slowest to begin. Kylie's Dream ran inwards at the start checking itself, Parra Power, Bailed Out and Spring Storm. Pappilong ran inwards shortly after the start and checked Aztec Keroma (fav and winner) and Dyna Ropati. Nearing the first turn Aztec Keroma endeavoured to move outwards and severely checked itself and to a lesser extent Pappilong. Troubled Times (S.P.Clark). Swollen left front foot around 5th metacarpo-phalangeal joint. Sore on manipulation of ligaments. Vet certificate supplied. Rule 64.13. 10 days to and including 09.05.06.
Best Place was the slowest to begin. Astro Sharrie and Best Place came together on the first bend with both being checked. Andwyn (S.P.Clark). Late scratching. Lameness left hind at walk. Strained ligament of left hind foot 5th metatarso-phalangeal joint. Vet certificate supplied. Rule 82.1. 10 days to and including 09.05.06.
Jacki Flex was the slowest to begin. Jimmytheone (fav and 6th) and Time Over Boots came together at the start with both being checked. Jacki Flex and Kiwi Fire then Jimmytheone and Prince Flex (winner) came together several times between the start and the first turn. Entering the first turn Kiwi Fire moved outwards and checked itself and Movie Man. On the bend Homebush Basmati and Time Over Boots when near the lead drifted back and into the path of Jimmytheone with all three runners being severely checked and filling the last three placings.
Hot Dickadee and Kaimai Gold were the slowest to begin. Entering the first turn general tightening resulted in checks to Homebush Luke, Sea Drifter and Hot Dickadee. Kaimai Gold changed ground outwards on the first bend and lost 2 lengths. On the home turn Homebush Luke drifted slightly when handy and back into the path of Funny Girl which recovered well for 3rd. Sea Drifter was hampered slightly in this incident.
Colonel Hogan and Augusta Allen (winner) were the slowest to begin. Bee Pees Boy jumped very awkwardly then ran inwards after 30 mtrs causing tightening and a severe check to Homebush Heather. On the first turn Spyridon Louis moved inwards slightly when vying for the lead and clipped the heels of Bee Pees Boy which was leading at the time. This resulted in Bee Pees Boy coming back onto Reserve Decision and both being severely checked. Colonel Hogan appeared to gallop awkwardly around the home turn when racing at the rear. A post race veterinary examination detected an injury requiring a 10 stand down from racing. Colonel Hogan (A.Cleaver). Lameness right foreleg and shoulder soreness. Injected. Rule 82.1. 10 days to and including 09.05.06.
Homebush Goliath and Under Time were the slowest to begin. Thrilling Monty and Thrilling Buzz (fav and winner) came together for a stride after 40 mtrs. Hardern Thirst moved outwards on the first bend and hampered Thrilling Monty for several strides. Leaving the back straight Thrilling Buzz moved inwards sharply to the rail cutting off and severely checking Ritzy Reason which had clipped Thrilling Buzz's heels in the incident. Ritzy Reason's severe check resulted in this runner becoming unbalanced and taking the path of Hopplar racing on it's inner causing both to fall heavily. Post race veterinary examinations detected an injury to Ritzy Reason requiring a 10 day stand down from racing and minor grazing to Hopplar not requiring a stand down. Ritzy Reason (B & L Craik). Wound right hind stifle and graze inside left stifle. Injected. Rule 82.1. 10 days to and including 09.05.06.
Loaded Gun (fav and 3rd), Ina Tizzy, Farmer Benson and Rock It Hound were the slowest to begin. Loaded Gun and Homebush Bee came together after 30 mtrs with both being checked. On the first turn Jimmitom moved outwards and checked Quiver Lip which drifted back to the rear before running on again for 6th. On the bend Ina Tizzy galloped on the hind of Homebush Bee with both runners being severely checked and losing all chance. Nearing the home turn Loaded Gun ran inwards sharply and severely checked Rock It Hound which fought well for 4th=. After straightening for the run home Farmer Benson moved outwards and checked Loaded Gun slightly.


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Keynesianism and the Great Recession: An Interview with Walden Bello
Mar 2, 2017 | 0 comments
From Triple Crisis
"We need to work towards a post-capitalist system that aims at promoting equality, enhances instead of destroys the environment, is based on cooperation, and is engaged in planning to achieve short term, medium term, and long-term goals. In this scheme, finance would function to link savings to investment and savers to investors, instead of becoming an autonomous force whose dynamics destabilizes the real economy. A post-capitalist society does not mean the elimination of the market. But it does mean making use of the market to achieve democratically decided social goals rather than having the market drive society in an anarchic fashion."
This interview with Walden Bello is based on the study "Keynesianism in the Great Recession: Right Diagnosis, Wrong Cure," available here from Transnational Institute.
Q: What were the main ways in which neoliberalism created the Great Recession?
A: Neoliberalism sought to remove the regulatory constraints that the state was forced to impose on capitalist profitability owing to the pressure of the working class movement.
But it had to legitimize this ideologically. Thus it came out with two very influential theories, the so-called efficient market hypothesis (EMH) and rational expectations hypothesis (REH). EMH held that without government-induced distortions, financial markets are efficient because they reflect all the available information available to all market participants at any given time. In essence, EMH said, it is best to leave financial markets alone since they are self-regulating. REH provided the theoretical basis for EMH with its assumption that individuals operate on the basis of rational assessments of economic trends.
These theories provided the ideological cover for the deregulation or "light touch" regulation of the financial sector that took place in the 1980s and 1990s. Due to a common neoliberal education and close interaction, bankers and regulators shared the assumptions of this ideology. This resulted in the loosening of regulation of the banks and the absence of any regulation and very limited monitoring of the so-called "shadow banking" sector where all sorts of financial instruments were created and traded among parties.
With so little regulation, there was nothing to check the creation and trading of questionable securities like subprime mortgage-based securities. And with no effective monitoring, there were no constraints on banks' build-up of unsustainable balance sheets with a high debt to equity ratios.
Without adult supervision, as it were, a financial sector that was already inherently unstable went wild. When the subprime assets were found to be toxic since they were based on mortgages on which borrowers had defaulted, highly indebted or leveraged banks that had bought these now valueless securities had little equity to repay their creditors or depositors who now came after them. This quickly led to their bankruptcy, as in the case of Lehman Brothers, or to their being bailed out by government, as was the case with most of the biggest banks. The finance sector froze up, resulting in a recession—a big one—in the real economy.
Q: So how did these banks get to be so big and powerful? What drove the "financialization boom" that triggered the recession?
A: Financialization or an increasing preference for speculative activity instead of production as a source of profit was driven by four developments. The first was the abolition, during the Clinton Administration, of the Glass-Steagall Act that had served as a Chinese Wall between commercial or retail banking and investment banking, as a result of tremendous pressure from the big banks felt left out of the boom in trading. The second was the expansive monetary policy promoted by the Federal Reserve to counter the downturn following the piercing of the dot.com bubble in the first years of the new century. Third was the government and business' move to shore up effective demand by substituting household indebtedness for real wage increases. Fourth was the lifting of capital controls on the international flow of finance capital, following the era of financial repression during the post-war period. These developments acted in synergy, first to produce a speculative boom in the housing and stock markets, then feeding on one another to accelerate an economic nose-dive during the bust.
Q: What was the worst impact of the crisis, and upon whom?
A: With unemployment hitting 10 per cent in 2010, working people suffered the most. Although the unemployment rate is now down to five per cent, that fall has been driven less by improved labor market conditions than a falling rate of participation, as discouraged workers withdrew from the labor force. More than 4 million homes were foreclosed. Lower income households, the main victims of aggressive loan sharks, suffered most.
As far as growth was concerned, the recovery was tepid, with average GDP growth barely 2 per cent per annum between 2011 and 2013, less than half the pace of the typical post-World War II expansion. In terms of inequality, the statistics were clear: 95% of income gains from 2009 to 2012 went to the top 1%; median income was $4,000 lower in 2014 than in 2000; concentration of financial assets increased after 2009, with the four largest banks owning assets that came to nearly 50% of GDP.
An Economic Policy Institute study summed up the trends: "[T]he gains of the top 1 percent have vastly outpaced the gains for the bottom 99 percent as the economy has recovered. At the individual and household level, the economic consequences of being laid off were devastating; with one study finding that workers laid off during recessions "lose on average three full years of lifetime income potential." One estimate showed that the income of the United States would have been $2 trillion higher had there been no crisis, or $17,000 per household.
Q: What did Keynesianism offer as a way of responding to the crisis?
A: Keynesianism offered two major weapons for overcoming the crisis. The first and most important was a fiscal stimulus, or deficit spending by government. The second was monetary expansion. Essentially, these were forms of government intervention designed to revive the economy after a collapse of investment on the part of the private sector. They are called "countercyclical" since they are designed to counter the recessionary pressures brought about by the crisis of the private sector.
Q: How were Keynesian policies and strategies applied in the wake of the onset of the recession?
A: The Keynesian interventions were in the right direction. Unfortunately, they were applied half-heartedly by the Obama administration. For instance, the size of the fiscal stimulus $787 billion might have been enough to prevent the recession from getting worse, but it was not enough to trigger an early recovery, which would have demanded at least $1.8 trillion, according to Cristina Romer, the head of Obama's Council of Economic Advisers.
Expansive monetary policy was always a second best solution and was not as effective as a fiscal stimulus. Yes, cutting interests to zero and quantitative easing—or providing banks with infusions of money—did have some impact, but this was rather small since, for the most part, individuals and corporations did not want to go further into debt but wanted to focus on lessening their debt.
Q: What three things could have been done, "truer" to the spirit of Keynesianism, that would have reduced the recession?
A: First of all, there should have been a much bigger stimulus, one along the lines of Cristina Romer's proposal of $1.8 trillion. Second, instead of focusing on saving the banks, the government should have devoted resources to assisting the millions of troubled homeowners, a move which would have raised effective demand. Third, the insolvent banks should have been taken over or nationalized and the billions spent on recapitalizing them or guaranteeing their borrowing should have been devoted to creating jobs to absorb the unemployed.
Q: Is financialization still a threat?
A: Yes, even conservative analysts say that the so-called Dodd-Frank reform encourages moral hazard or reckless behavior by banks owing to their belief that when they get into trouble, the government will bail them out.
Derivatives—which Warren Buffet called "weapons of mass destruction"—are still virtually unregulated. And so is the shadow banking sector. The non-transparent derivatives market is now estimated to total US$707 trillion, or significantly higher than the US$548 billion in 2008.
As one analyst puts it, "The market has grown so unfathomably vast, the global economy is at risk of massive damage should even a small percentage of contracts go sour. Its size and potential influence are difficult just to comprehend, let alone assess." Former U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Arthur Levitt, the former chairman of the SEC, says that none of the post-2008 reforms has "significantly diminished the likelihood of financial crises."
Q: What has been the legacy of the crisis on U.S. politics?
A: One can say that the Obama administration's failure to reinvigorate the economy after eight years and to reform the banks was the central factor that lost the elections for Hillary Clinton. If there's one certainty that emerged in the 2016 elections, it was that Clinton's unexpected defeat stemmed from her loss of four so-called "Rust Belt" states: Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania, which had previously been Democratic strongholds, and Ohio, a swing state that had twice supported Barack Obama.
The 64 Electoral College votes of those states, most of which hadn't even been considered battlegrounds, put Donald Trump over the top. Trump's numbers, it is now clear, were produced by a combination of an enthusiastic turnout of the Republican base, his picking up significant numbers of traditionally Democratic voters, and large numbers of Democrats staying home.
But this wasn't a defeat by default. On the economic issues that motivate many of these voters, Trump had a message: The economic recovery was a mirage, people were hurt by the Democrats' policies, and they had more pain to look forward to should the Democrats retain control of the White House.
The problem for Clinton was that the opportunistic message of this demagogue rang true to the middle class and working class voters in these states, even if the messenger himself was quite flawed. These four states reflected, on the ground, the worst consequences of the interlocking problems of high unemployment and deindustrialization that had stalked the whole country for over two decades owing to the flight of industrial corporations to Asia and elsewhere. Combined with the financial collapse of 2007-2008 and the widespread foreclosure of the homes of millions of middle class and poor people who'd been enticed by the banks to go into massive indebtedness, the region was becoming a powder keg of resentment.
True, these working class voters going over to Trump or boycotting the polls were mainly white. But then these were the same people that placed their faith in Obama in 2008, when they favored him by large margin over John McCain. And they stuck with him in 2012, though his margins of victory were for the most part narrower. By 2016, however, they'd had enough, and they would no longer buy the Democrats' blaming George W. Bush for the continuing stagnation of the economy.
Clinton bore the brunt of their backlash, since she made the strategic mistake of running on Obama's legacy—which, to the voters, was one of failing to deliver the economic relief and return to prosperity that he had promised eight years earlier.
Q: In what ways do we need to go beyond Keynesianism to address current economic and ecological problems?
A: I think Keynesianism has valuable insights into how a capitalist economy operates and can be steadied so its inherent instability and contradictions can be mitigated. But, as Minsky says, these solutions do not address the inherent instability of the system. A new equilibrium contains the seeds of disequilibrium. With its focus on growth propelled by effective demand, Keynesianism also has problems addressing the problem of ecological disequilibrium brought about by growth.
The real issue is capitalism's incessant search for profit that severely destabilizes both society and the environment. I think there is no longer any illusion, even among its defenders, that capitalism is prone to crises, and these days, these are crises that not only stem from the dynamics of production but from the dynamics of finance.


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How ever, the idea of borders has changed not only over time but also due to scholarly perspective and respective episteme. Borders have not disappeared — not even in a unified and predominantly peaceful Europe — but rather they have changed, become more varied and, in a certain sense, mobile, taking on an important role in the everyday lives of more people than ever before. The book also addresses crucial policy areas such as unemployment, citizenship, social exclusion, cohesion, core-periphery relations, the democratic deficit , and enlargement. Although the trajectories of their movements do not cross international boundaries, most are legally prevented from ever gaining full legal status in their destinations, based on the status they hold within China's hukou system of household registration. However, when diverse cultures get together, differences may be exacerbated and reinforced. This is done through a focus on the communities that encounter the fences in their everyday practice and a discussion of how the fences are producers of and sites of resistance. Divided in three parts, the first part assesses what is at stake in cross-border governance issues and whether the integrative trend in the region will be maintained or stalled in the years to come.
While geographers have increasingly focused on these practices at a broad, institutional scale and in sites in the Global North, less attention has been given to the mundane and often unseen processes of regulation and restriction that take place beyond physical borders and outside of the formal spaces and practices of the state immigration apparatus in the Global South. Taken together this edited collection will be of interest to border scholars as well as students of European politics more generally. This book makes an original contribution to the literature and stands to set the agenda for a new dimension of border studies. Here the enactment of humanitarian principles changes older forms of borderwork concerned with stopping, defending and securing territory to work concerned with securing lives. Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index. Also, this paper adds some twists to Scott's thesis on Zomia, and argues that we must not downplay the importance of the frame of nation-states in shaping the lifeworlds of border inhabitants. Furthermore, it is now widely accepted that borders do not just hinder communication and the formation of relationships, but also channel and prefigure them in a positive way.
Under conditions of strangeness the stranger is a 'here today, gone tomorrow' figure. The article offers the concept of interlegal jurisdictional games as an alternative point of entry to study these dynamics. Such a focus reveals the necessity of investigating how governing from afar affects the possibilities and tendencies to securitise as well as desecuritise, within as well as beyond elite settings. Frontex, the citizen-detective and the war on terror - Nick Vaughan-Williams 6. Frontex, the citizen-detective and the war on terror Nick Vaughan-Williams 6. This paper tries to outline some of the problems brought about when processing big amounts of data for the purpose of European immigration and identification policies. Aus mehreren Anlässen lohnt es sich derzeit, über die grenzüberschreitende Dimension der Raumentwicklung Bayerns nachzudenken.
His work productively intersects with recent arguments by border scholars that borders are not lines but represent spatial and temporal processes, that can be remade, resisted, or undone through practice and performance Norman 2012, Jones 2012, Salter 2010, Doevenspeck 2011, Prokkola 2008 , Rumford 2008, Doty 2007, Balibar 2002, Newman and Paasi 1998, Paasi 1996 see also Mountz 2010 on state as performance. Nation and Identity in Contemporary Europe takes a fully interdisciplinary and comparative approach to the 'national question'. A principal contribution of the volume is its scrutiny of how borders are enacted and perceived in and through the everyday, and of how such production and construal can make sense as acts of resistance to various forms of governing. International migration is not a threat but rather a process that offers migrants the possibility to improve their households' living standards. Croci, Journal of European Integration European integration, the collapse of state socialism and the relative decline of social democracy have left only two dominant European ideologies: nationalism and the free market. This site is like a library, you could find million book here by using search box in the widget. The book explores the ability of citizens to participate in the making of borders, and the empowerment that can result from this bordering and debordering activity.
Traditionally thought of as an English summer game, limited in appeal to Britain and its Commonwealth, cricket has, in the past a few years, achieved a global profile. . These changes are perhaps particularly salient in the supranational space of the European Union, where new, diverse governance arrangements have emerged for the control of borders and migrations. Beyond these common forms of collective resistance, there exists an incredible richness of more individual and imperceptible acts of borderland resistance, such as filing away or etching fingertips to fool the fingerprint machines and the so called Eurodac system. The authors also indicate the role these elements play in further European integration. It challenges the idea that regional policy is a form of wealth distribution.
We now live in a generalized state of strangeness, one consequence of globalization: we no longer know where our community ends and another one begins. Conceptualizing the agency of migration as a heuristic key in analyzing border regimes is a perspective which we have developed jointly with many. But, on the other hand, the distinctions between economic, social and political milieus at the two sides of the border may give rise to heightened senses of difference and lead to diverging identities. The book explores the ability of citizens to participate in the making of borders, and the empowerment that can result from this bordering and debordering activity. Vienna's cultural district Museumsquartier and the planned Humboldt Forum on Berlin's Schlossplatz illustrate two of the most controversial sites of urban reconstruction in Central Eastern Europe since the 1990s.
This hypothesized shift requires a new approach on borders. This book was previously published as a special issue of the Journal of Contemporary European Studies. Relevant types of practice have recently been identified by fresh conceptual approaches which address problems of bordering, broadly understood as the social construction of borders by various actors Johnson and Jones 2014;van Houtum, Kramsch, and Zierhofer 2005. The bordering practices of the European nation states have now both been dispersed into third countries and come to include frontline bureaucrats within the nation states, including social workers and healthcare staff. The point of the exercise is not to establish which is the most accurate. However, the changing nature of borders cannot be reduced to a shift from the edges to the interior of a polity. Current thinking on Europe's borders is characterised by a tension between, on the one hand, the idea of 'network Europe', in which the importance of internal borders is much reduced as a result of the flows and mobilities characteristic of the single market and the 'four freedoms', and, on the other, the idea that Europe is being 'rebordered' as the result of security concerns over the threat of terrorism, illegal immigration, trafficking in drugs and people, and so forth.
This paper draws on the growing body of geographical literature on carceral spaces and carcerality to explore alternatives sites of incarceration in everyday life and also to look beyond the state as a carceral actor and agent. Furthermore, if we seriously want to acknowledge Balibar's notion that the border is everywhere but nowhere, we also need to abandon the idea that there has to be consensus for borders to exist and execute power, Rumford argues. Setting current issues and conflicts in their broad historical context, the book reaffirms that 'nations' are not 'natural' phenomena but 'constructed' forms of social identity whose future will be determined in the social arena. In these zones, men are at once displaced, forced into migration, yet also confined to house arrest. The seminars, which took place in 2014—2015, involved a range of contributors including academics, policy-makers and practitioners, with the academics drawn from a range of disciplines, including politics, cultural history, visual culture, economic geography, sociology, and planning. Examining the everyday practices of the state is crucial to our understanding of the multiple ways that governments regulate transnational migration.
Taken together this edited collection will be of interest to border scholars as well as students of European politics more generally. This book identifies the cosmopolitan stranger as the most significant contemporary figure of the stranger, one adept at negotiating the 'confined spaces' of globalization in order to promote new forms of social solidarity and connect with distant others. The diversity of geographical concepts in academic scholarship, illus trated, for example, by the recently emerging conceptualisation of regions as polysemic spaces e. However, the publicity they generated worked to demonstrate how the mundane behaviours of specific categories of couples make them suspect. The ethnography in original fieldwork settings coupled with the strategy of researching the European, national and local levels of policy-making bring insights into their interconnection and the ways in which those levels exercise mutual influence. Welche Bedeutung nehmen Grenzen als Raumelement vor dem Hintergrund der dynamischen Entwicklung nun ein? Cities are considered key sites for the inclusion of migrants, affording them substantial urban citizenship.
The article builds upon critical border studies for the study of the European migration crisis that take into account the digital, both in terms of telecommunications infrastructure and media platforms. In particular, interdisciplinary scale theory is discussed for its potential contribution. The analysis is structured around three story lines that disclose border securitization as multiple and aims to problematize the assumption that states, as entities holding sovereign authority,fully determine matters of border securitization. Our paper will explore Eurodac, a large biometric information database concerning asylum applications and irregular border crossings, as part of the emerging European Big Data Economy. In Citizenship and Democratic Control in Contemporary Europe a distinguished group of scholars argues that a democratically reconstructed Europe requires a new approach centred around a concept of citizenship which is neither individualistic nor ethnically based but is concerned with the empowerment of individuals. An exclusive focus on crisis, we argue, is misleading. In these encounters, the legal status of the person becomes an ordering mode, and the potential disease to be treated becomes a subordinate object of concern.


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