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Tag Archives: ikea
Posted by Aman Singh in Capitalism 2.0, ESG, Stakeholder Engagement, Sustainability
andrew winston, BT, climate change, climate week nyc, divestment, environment, felipe calderon, fordham, fossil fuels, hannah jones, human rights, hunter lovins, ikea, jo confino, mars, mayor bloomberg, Nike, peter shumlin, philips, pope francis, poverty, prakash javadekar, renewable energy, siemens, Sustainability, sustainable business, world bank
The rationality of business leaders is leading us to complete disaster.
Voicing concern for the continued lack of action on climate change, World Bank President Dr. Jim Yong Kim joined many others at the closing ceremony of Climate Week NYC (CWNYC) 2015 imploring the community to wake up and smell the air (no pun intended).
Referring to the ever maddening chase of the business case across corporate America, Dr. Kim emphasized that we now have enough facts and figures to address a global crisis unraveling in real time in places like California (see: drought and water shortage), island nations (land erosion) and across our depleting oceans and forests.
"My son will live through a 2, 3 or maybe even 4 degree Celsius warming. We cannot keep apologizing to our children for our lack of action. We must change course now," he added, vocally seconded in frustration and urgency by many others who took the stage after him, including Former President of Mexico Felipe Calderon.
After more than ten days of events spread across New York City and covering a multitude of topics – from climate data and social justice to poverty, Rule of Law and women empowerment – CWNYC ended with several notable announcements this week, including commitments from Walmart, J&J, P&G and Nike to strive for sourcing 100 percent of their energy needs from renewable sources, six national banks coming together to ask for a climate treaty and divestment numbers reaching $2.6 trillion.
Mayors, Governors and Ministers Urge Urgent Attention
The week also saw the likes of NYC's celebrated former mayor Michael Bloomberg and India's Union Minister of Environment Prakash Javadekar taking the podium to ask policymakers globally to agree on a binding climate agreement at the upcoming Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris this December.
While Mayor Bloomberg emphasized "you get what you pay for" and that "businesses invest where people live," citing that New York City continued to be a mecca for business investment because of its early attention to the impact of climate change, the Indian Minister asked policymakers to frame climate change more broadly as a need to shift consumption patterns and lifestyles.
Referring to Pope Francis' articulation of the "throwaway culture, the minister added, "India is a big country but it is also a poor country…this is about lifestyles and financing a global shift to cleaner sources of energy."
Poverty is "the biggest pollutant" he said. "Human intentions have led us here and human intellect will help us lead the way out."
For Vermont Governor Peter Shumlin, climate change is no longer up for debate. Emphasizing that his state's residents were already living with the impact of climate change and were fully engaged on adaptation, he said:
"We don't live in the land of denial…a whole generation of Vermonters are learning about climate change the hard way."
Open for Business: Corporations Show Early Results from Climate Adaptation Efforts
Not too far behind was the corporate contingent including leaders from Ikea, Kellogg's, Walmart, Nike, BT, DSM, Philips, Siemens and many others as well as the State of New York Comptroller's Officer, who participated in a plethora of rapidfire discussions, many ably and enthusiastically moderated by UNFCCC Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres, on how they were accounting for climate change risks through various tactics and strategies. Here's a sample:
Product innovation: Siemen's is rolling out hundreds of windmills, estimated to power 7,000 – 8,000 homes each, Philips and Ikea are leading drive toward LED lighting
Advocacy: BT working across sectors on rolling out infrastructure to support the future of clean technology, automation and access for all, Mars joining hands with many other companies through investor advocacy group Ceres asking policymakers to agree on a climate treaty at COP21
Value chain mapping: According to Nike's Chief Sustainability Officer Hannah Jones, the amount of polyester used in one year uses as much fossil fuels as it takes to operate 185 coal plants. Materials matter, she emphasized and therefore, Nike is evaluating its entire ingredient and value chain to understand all points of impact.
Circular thinking: IKEA looking ahead at leasing its products, extending their life and helping customers resell, recycle and reuse.
Scenario planning: NYS Comptroller's office increasingly looking at "where we put our money. If companies don't change their practices, we will move the money."
None of His Business: Finding the Way Forward in Pope Francis' Words
In an equally dramatic setting ahead of Pope Francis' visit to the U.S. – New York City's Jesuit University, Fordham – Andrew Winston, author of The Big Pivot, Jo Confino, Executive Editor at The Huffington Post, L. Hunter Lovins, president of the Natural Capitalism Solutions and Michael Pirson, Associate Professor for Management Systems at Fordham took the stage to contextualize why a religious leader was cutting through religious and political clutter to issue an urgent call to action.
Before a packed auditorium of students, professors and others, the three distilled the 80 page Papal encyclical for what this meant for business, for consumers, students and perhaps more overwhelmingly, for humanity. The conversation was variously electric, sarcastic, alarming and deeply touching.
Winston cracked open the discussion by urging the audience to pay attention to what the Pope is saying. "If the Pope is signaling that the end might be nigh, we better sit up and listen. We have serious equity problems and we better start connecting it with environmental challenges quickly."
Bringing a politically charged topic to life, Lovins alluded to the millions of refugees making their way west from Syria in the hopes of a happier life.
"Are we prepared for what that means for our cities, our local economies?" she asked. "I've always said climate change is not a moral issue; it is a business opportunity. But the Pope is starting to make me change my mind… This [climate change, poverty, economics] is not a religious issue. This is a global issue for humanity to confront and address as humans."
Confino, who recently left The Guardian to lead Huffington Post's foray into purpose and impact reporting, chose to take a more philosophical point of view advocating that "we need to re-convince ourselves that we need each other; that we don't have control over everything whether we like it or not."
On the other hand, Pirson implored education institutions to sit up and take note of what this meant for them.
"Every institution has to ask themselves why they exist and how they are helping the world move forward sustainably. This is a crisis and we need all hands on deck. Everywhere. If we're not demanding that, we're wasting our time," he said.
So where to from here?
When do we shift from call to actions to simply action? While many more companies are stepping up their efforts – General Mills and Kellogg's serving as great examples as they begin their path toward net zero – on the various threads of climate change, many, many more remain in the shadows waiting and watching.
Regardless of what gets agreed to in December, climate change is already changing our summers and winters (check out WXshift to see for yourself). Changing weather patterns are already impacting farmers' harvesting timelines and forcing millions to relocate for better proximity to clean water and air. And as this impact spreads beyond the immediate areas under threat, our notions of ordinary and luxury stand to be tested.
We're going to have to respond. We're going to have to adapt. Our bottom lines will change.
And we're going to have to continue to push the leaders and pull the stragglers along. After all, if the future of our children is not worth it, what is?
IKEA's Sustainability Strategy: Save the World, One Product At a Time
Posted by Aman Singh in CSR, CSRwire
CEO Network, Chief sustainability officer, CSR, CSR report, CSRwire, energy efficiency, environment, Environment, ESG, ikea, led, lifecycle, product development, steve howard, Supply chain management, Sustainability, sustainability, waste, wind farms
154,000 workers.
47 percent of all managers are women [compared to 17 percent of the American Fortune 500's board seats or the female representation at the recently concluded World Economic Forum].
338 stores worldwide.
8 percent comparable store sales growth in FY2012.
A third of total energy consumption met through renewable energy.
Is IKEA's newly minted sustainability strategy working? Titled People & Planet Positive, the strategy was borne out of the retailer's business mission: to create a better everyday life for the many people. The 2012 report marks the first update for the superstore whose goals start from the obvious – a fourfold increase in sales by 2020 – and go on to include the other two pillars of sustainability – engagement of customers, employees and suppliers, energy dependence, as well as community development.
In typical European fashion – understated with an emphasis on data – the release headline read: The IKEA Group is Growing and Financially Strong. Mind you, the release announces the retailer's 2012 Sustainability report, not the latest quarterly report on financials. What better way to position sustainability?
I spoke to Chief Sustainability Officer Steve Howard briefly on the cusp of the report's release. Excerpts:
Aman Singh: What are some of the key highlights of the 2012 Sustainability Report that you would want every CSRwire reader to know?
Steve Howard: We've divided the report into two parts. First is the forward-looking piece, which talks about our new sustainability strategy and lays out our 2020 goals. Implementing these goals has meant a huge amount of work and unleashed an incredible amount of enthusiasm across the workforce.
The second piece deals with our impact. In terms of our operations, extending our work on energy has been significant. We completed installing 50,000 solar panels across our business locations by the end of FY 12. Last year, we committed to invest $2 billion in renewable energy by 2015. We're already committed $500 million of that.
IKEA now owns wind farms in six countries. Thirty-four percent of our energy came from renewable sources last year. We've committed to reach 100 percent by 2020. Not bad for a furnishing company.
In our supply chain, we committed to reaching 100 percent compliance with our suppliers. We have 80 auditors working on this goal as well as independent team validating the work of our auditors. [Once we rolled this out] some suppliers agreed to collaborate while others decided not to. So we parted ways with as many as 60 suppliers. That has real business consequences – for us as well as the suppliers.
This goal has been a real test for us on how serious we are with our promises and commitments. Because our strategy is embedded and understood across divisions, our decision to part ways with 60 suppliers was not received with any criticism. We've also worked with our supply chain partners on funding projects and have reached more than 100,000 farmers on improving farm conditions, water conservation, etc.
Again, our goal is to reach every single one of our farmers by the end of 2015.
One of IKEA's goals is to have at least 95 percent of coworkers, 95 percent of suppliers and 70 percent of consumers view IKEA as a company that takes social and environmental responsibility seriously. How's that going?
Most of our suppliers, customers and coworkers are in the "I don't know" category. They judge us and have opinions about IKEA but don't know what we do on sustainability. What we also know is that people care. Once we communicate the urgency, they do care about things like climate change, the future of their children, etc.
Moving forward, we will strengthen our customer communications. For example, last year we replaced the doors of one of our frame cupboards with honeycomb fiber, which is as strong as solid chipboard but uses 40 percent less material. Cupboards need strong doors, not heavy doors. And this reduces the cost to produce the cupboard, therefore, reducing the price for our customers, which makes it a better customer proposition.
Similarly, the VIDJA lamp was redesigned last year to take out unnecessary components [as many as 24 of the 33 original components were removed] and replaced with LED lights, resulting in half the weight and the same performance. Additionally, we can now load 128 VIDJA lamps on a pallet vs. 80 previously, which means we can ship more at once, reducing our fuel usage and shipping costs.
Just like that, every IKEA product has a story. That's the direction for our business. Soon everything will be traceable back to source but it's a lot of hard work and we are starting to talk about these stories. But it will take us some time to get the communication across to our customers globally.
That's emblematic of a true lifecycle approach. With thousands of products and a growing footprint internationally [IKEA is in China and will soon debut its first store in India] there must be some challenges in balancing sustainability goals and growing scale?
While having a mission and being a values-led business helps, it all comes down to a significant execution and implementation effort. Our people are motivated to lower prices and find sustainable solutions. I use three numbers to talk about sustainability within IKEA:
1.5 planets: needed to provide resources for today's population
3 billion: extra consumers expected to overcome poverty across emerging markets by 2030
6degrees centigrade warming: A catastrophe.
These numbers are real. And hit hard. We're over-consuming against the urgency of climate change. This hits the heart of business: we are either sustainable or bust. We have to do whatever is needed. And we know that.
We can help our customers save energy by switching over to LED lights. We're essentially banning non-LEDs by committing to sell and use only LED lights in our products. We can help people save water in a meaningful way by using energy-saving equipment. Simple things like LEDs, for example, can reduce our customers' expenses by 30 percent. That's equal to a 10 percent pay raise!
This is our opportunity…and it's highly motivating.
How does reporting on these metrics help? Whose reading the report?
We just want to be transparent. We're not expecting IKEA customers or coworkers to rush to read our sustainability report. It is meant for a specialist audience that believes in the phrase, you can only manage what you can measure.
Businesses – and management teams – like to have clear targets so that they can report against them [and benchmark, analyze and improve performance]. So why not use the same logic for sustainability?
Originally written for and published on CSRwire's Commentary section Talkback on January 21, 2013.


Ever said something where as soon as it left your mouth you wished you could grab it and pull it back in? Yeah, me too. In fact it happens way more often than I'd like to admit. We know the deal- James goes into great detail about how dangerous the words we say can be. Paul instructs Timothy to watch his life and doctrine closely. We know how much words can hurt or how they can build us up and encourage us. But somehow those stupid things just keep coming out.
Now, imagine that hurtful thing that you just said and instead of one person hearing it, a million people hear it. Welcome to the internet. Recently, Wired magazine ran a contest where author Evan Ratliff tried to disappear for a month while readers were encouraged to track him down. As the contest went on, it was amazing the amount of information that people were able to find about Evan from searching online. Armed only with the internet and time to kill, searchers were able to build an amazingly accurate profile of Evan. Eventually this information lead to him being found.
As I watched the contest unfold, it really brought home the idea that in the digital age, privacy is a thing of the past. Those blog posts, tweets and emails don't disappear. And when we put something out there on the internet, it's out there for anyone to see. Where once a careless word was only able to impact those standing close enough to hear it (or those who caught it 2nd or 3rd hand as the gossip train rumbled down the tracks… that's a totally different story) now anyone who has a digital "ear to hear" can pick up what you're laying down.
Next PostNext On Your Mark?


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Home Business Enugu's Oil Producing Status: Incoming Governor Has No Excuse Not To Outperform Ugwuanyi – Save Enugu Group
BusinessEconomyNewsOil & GasPolitics
Enugu's Oil Producing Status: Incoming Governor Has No Excuse Not To Outperform Ugwuanyi – Save Enugu Group
By James EzemaJan 07, 2023, 10:11 am0
….Commends Governor Ugwuanyi On the Legacy Achievement
The foremost sociopolitical pressure organisation, the Save Enugu Group (SEG) has said that whoever emerges as the next Governor of Enugu State cannot have any excuse not to perform better than Governor Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi, saying that the state Governor has left yet another legacy achievement by putting the sate on the map of oil producing states in Nigeria.
In a statement signed by its founder and Coordinator, Chief Willy Ezugwu, the group said that in a few years time, the oil producing status of Enugu State should reflect in infrastructural development, improved Healthcare facilities, boost in educational support and in all other sectors of the state.
ALSO READ EFCC Recovers N13bn Illegal Fuel Subsidy Payment
"For us, Governor Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi has left a commendable legacy achievement by silently, but effectively, pursuing to a logical conclusion desired inclusion of Enugu State on the list of oil producing states in Nigeria.
"It will remain the most valuable achievement of the outgoing administration when the tenure of the incumbent Governor ends in May this year.
"We totally agree with Governor Ugwuanyi that the actualisation of his administration's struggle for Enugu State to join the league of states enjoying oil producing status in Nigeria will ensure the fulfillment of his prayer that his successor will perform better than he is doing if elected."
ALSO READ Media Coverage Of 2023 Elections: IPC Holds Stakeholders' Roundtable ON Monitoring Report
Currently, the Governor's preferred governorship candidate is Dr. Peter Ndubuisi Mbah, the candidate of his party, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).
The SEG said that the state's oil producing status is a mega success of the Governor Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi administration that is glaring to all, saying that "when the new status of the state first become public, it was considered a political rhetoric.
"But with the unfolded reality, we congratulate the people of Enugu State and hail Governor Ugwuanyi, who has now distinguished himself as the people's Governor, who will be leaving a big shoe for the next administration.
"We hereby assure our dear state that the Save Enugu Group is alive to its mandate and prepared to continue on the path of holding the sate government accountable if any administration deviates from making pro-people projects the central focus of the government.
ALSO READ Formal Letter Requesting Nnamdi Kanu's Unconditional Release To Get To Attorney General In Days - Soludo Reveals
"With the new status, we enjoin the people of the state to vote wisely and elect a candidate who is prepared to not only sustain the achievements of the Governor Ugwuanyi administration but to surpass them", the group said.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


About a mile and a half. Thirty minutes. From Varnum Drive to Main Street in East Greenwich, I'd make the trip in the early 70's. Sometimes via First Avenue, sometimes via Division Street. Division Street meant walking up, then down the hill.
Anne Marie and I walked to Woolworth's. We stood gazing at a Rolling Stones album. It cost $5.99 and the cover was a pair of jeans, but pretty much only the zipper. And the zipper worked but there wasn't anything behind it. My mother never would have allowed that album in the house. Besides, we only had money for singles. She picked "Joy to the World" and I chose "If." Three Dog Night and Bread.
Sometimes I'd meet up with Kathy. She lived off Love Lane and would be waiting for me on Division as I trudged up the hill. Then we would saunter down to Main Street, for pizza at Two Guys from Italy, or the sweet and sour combination plate at Cathay Garden (egg roll, chow mein, sweet and sour pork – $2.50). Maybe stop at Earnshaw's afterward.
My favorite place to spend allowance money was the Buz Terry Music store. I could browse sheet music to all the latest songs. If I bought one, I'd bring it to Mrs. Bowser on Hall Street when I had my piano lesson on Wednesday afternoon. I bought the sheet music to "Half-Breed," and it had a great photo of Cher on the cover, all dressed up in animal skins and feathers. One dollar.
One day, I was walking alone and had just passed the fork at Division and First. I was continuing up Division when a guy on a motorcycle stopped and asked me if a wanted a ride. He had long hair and a beard, and was wearing faded bell-bottoms. I was probably fourteen. I knew I wasn't supposed to take rides from strangers, but I accepted. I'd never been on a motorcycle before. So I climbed on the back and he sped up the hill, then coasted downhill to the post office on the corner. When he stopped, I climbed off. He asked me if I wanted to do something with him, and I told him I was going shopping. He peered at me and might have figured out I wasn't even close to eighteen. He shook his head and peeled away.


Hooncake liked Deep Funk's status.
Hooncake liked Gaspasser's post in the thread EC Aficionado (was: The Studio Jr.).
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Hooncake replied to the thread The All Purpose Advice Thread.
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Hooncake posted a new thread.
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I saw the Sol in the "Schiit & Salk" room 384. I didn't listen to it. A Salk streamer was running. No new info on timeline.
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Baltic cruise aboard Windstar Cruises' Wind Surf: St. Petersburg, Russia
August 30, 2016 by Dave Houser
Wind Surf, docked at Morskoy Vokzal Sea Station in St. Petersburg, Russia
ONBOARD WIND SURF- We are docked this morning for a two-day stay in St. Petersburg, tied up at the Morskoy Vokzal Sea Station, a facility that has been expanded and improved since my last visit, thanks to a 2005 extension adding additional berths and a new Marine Passenger Terminal. It is a safe and highly efficient complex, with its only drawback being its location, some 45 minutes away from the city center.
Although we have two days here, it's hardly enough time to take in the city's myriad attractions. St. Petersburg is the largest and, without question, the most spectacular destination on Wind Surf's Baltic itinerary.
Since Mel and I are about to depart for a long, tiring day on our feet at the Hermitage, trying to see as much of the fabulous art on display there as we can, I'm going to limit today's blog to a brief introduction to the city and then follow up tomorrow with the details of our visit.
Founded by Peter the Great in 1703, St. Petersburg flourished as the home of the tsars and the center of imperial Russian culture until the demise of the Romanov Dynasty in 1917. Re-christened Petrograd during the World War I, the city was renamed Leningrad in 1924 in honor of communist revolutionary and founder of the Soviet Union, Vladimir Lenin. In 1991, with the dissolution of the USSR, the city reverted once again to the name it was always meant to bear, St. Petersburg.
While the Bolsheviks under Lenin didn't hesitate to execute the last of the Romanovs, including Tsar Nicholas II, his wife Tsarina Alexandra and their five children, neither they nor subsequent Soviet leaders destroyed the magnificent palaces, cathedrals and opulent mansions of the Imperial Dynasty. Many of the royal residences, including the Winter Palace that now houses the Hermitage Museum, were damaged during the Siege of Leningrad from 1941-44. Remarkably, however, virtually all of the key structures of the former dynasty were restored, largely during the communist regime, to the fine condition we find them in today.
The Marine Passenger Terminal at Morskoy Vokzal Sea Station, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Although this may not be the ideal forum for expressing political opinions, I'm going to digress for a moment to express my loathing for the current Kremlin regime  President Vladimir Putin in particular. Reasons for my enmity include his military aggressions in the Ukraine and Syria; the brutality he's displayed in disposing of his political enemies, and his complicity in hacking the email files of American political parties. Putin is bully dictator and a tyrant who has never shed his role as a KGB operative. It is my opinion that his actions foment peril in an already dangerous and complex world  putting Russia on a collision course with the West for another Cold War.
I'm sharing these views because they affect my mood and mindset as I contemplate this visit to Russia. I'm not at all enthusiastic about spending my money here, abhorring the thought that it would in any way contribute to a Kremlin dictatorship. I've felt the same way during some of my previous travels. Like visiting South Africa during the woeful era of apartheid, or Myanmar during a period of repressive military rule  when the generals were holding pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest.
This creates a personal dilemma. I could simply refuse to go ashore, although history tells us that boycotts are rarely effective. So I've deposited my $89 for the Hermitage tour – a pittance for the privilege of viewing some of the world's most priceless art. I also will attend a ballet performance tomorrow evening at the Musical Comedy Theatre, a complimentary private event, courtesy of Windstar. But I'm not going to ante up for any of the excursions on tap tomorrow, ranging in price from $155 to $799. I'm calling it a limited boycott.
Mel shares my sentiments about Putin and his Kremlin cohorts, but unlike me she's never been to St. Petersburg, so she has signed on for a couple of tours that will take in some of the grand sites for which the city is famous. I'll remain onboard, where I'll interview some of the ship's officers, and hopefully catch up on my rest.
Photos by Dave Houser
Categories Dave Houser's Blog Tags Baltic Cruise, Baltic cruise aboard Windstar Cruises' Wind Surf, ultra-premium cruise lines, Wind Surf, Windstar Cruises
Baltic cruise aboard Windstar Cruises' Wind Surf: Helsinki, Finland
Dave G. Houser
During his 34-year freelance career, Dave G. Houser has established himself as one of America's most widely published travel journalists. More than 1,200 of his articles have appeared in leading magazines, newspapers and online publications. More...
Baltic cruise aboard Windstar Cruises' Wind Surf: Stockholm, Sweden
Baltic cruise aboard Windstar Cruises' Wind Surf: At Sea, bound for Stockholm
Baltic cruise aboard Windstar Cruises' Wind Surf
Sailing on Holland America's Noordam in Alaska
Crossing the Atlantic aboard a sailing ship, the Star Flyer
Maine cruise aboard American Cruise Lines' Independence


EDI represents a set of standards, outlining specific formats for information that can be electronically exchanged between 2 parties – such as a distributor and it's vendors or a distributor and it's customers.
You may have heard the term "Electronic Data Interchange" (or "EDI") being used around your office, warehouse, distribution facility, or even among your suppliers and competitors. But what does it mean exactly? EDI represents a set of standards, outlining formats for information that can be electronically exchanged between 2 parties. EDI is used in companies for many reasons. For example, it allows for easy communication between locations, it helps track and update inventory, and can even be used to transmit financial information and payment in electronic form (Electronic Funds Transfer or EFT).
Automation: EDI-based transactions communicate the same information as paper-based transactions, but they involve far less human intervention. For example, if a sales order is received through EDI, the vendor will not need to key in the customer's information and manually update inventory – this will be done automatically.
Greater flexibility: EDI allows companies to more easily work with electronic customer data, such as vendor tracking, purchases and returns, shipping, and inventory count.
Reduced labour costs: Given the automation that comes hand-in-hand with EDI, the amount of manual processing that occurs in companies will decrease. This will, in turn, reduce labour costs.
Increased production and performance: Using EDI means that errors through manual data entry will be eliminated, information will be stored electronically and will be easily accessible, and invoicing can be done 24/7. In the longer term, staff performance can be tracked and improved.
Product can be moved faster: Automation means that orders are processed more quickly, allowing orders to be filled and transactions to be closed much faster.
Being able to follow EDI standards can put your company in a great position to take advantage of various opportunities. Stay tuned for Part 2 of this article to find out more about this, and read some advice from industry expert and Virtual Logistics owner, Robin Smith, for business looking for an EDI solution.


We hold services from September 1-May 31 each year.
Wednesday Testimony Meetings: 6 P. M.
Sunday Service: 10:30 A.M.-11:30 A.M.
Our Sunday service includes hymns, Lord's Prayer, silent prayer, music, and our weekly Bible Lesson comprised of selected readings from the Holy Bible and the Christian Science textbook, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy.
You, your family, and your friends are welcome to attend our services.
Children up to the age of 20 learn of God's great love for them.
On the first Wednesday, you will sing hymns and hear selections read from the Bible and Science and Health that speak to current issues.
There will be testimonies by individuals sharing accounts of healing through prayer to God and insights from their study of Christian Science.
© 2018. The Christian Science Society of Sedona, Arizona. All rights reserved.


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Terry Lifts donate a Melody 1 Platform Lift to Blackpool Carers Centre as a part of BBC's 'DIY SOS: Children in Need Special'
Posted: 11th November 2016
We are proud to have donated a Melody 1 Platform Lift to Blackpool Carers Centre, Beaverbrooks House as part of a BBC One special episode 'DIY SOS: for Children in Need'. The episode airs on BBC One on the 17th of November at 8:00 PM.
The platform lift, which was installed near the main entrance during the build in July, provides reliable wheelchair access to carers' family members and a disabled member of staff.
A team united for a purpose
The DIY SOS team took on the ambitious objective of restoring the dilapidated Beaverbrooks House in order for it to be used by young carers. The project brought together tradespeople and volunteers from across the nation to help make the house a safe and comfortable environment for the young carers and staff.
Accessibility was one of the many challenges of the project. Many of the carers' family members have disabilities, and a member of the centre's staff uses a wheelchair. They needed to be provided with easy access to the house, which has a raised exterior outside the front door.
A ramp was not deemed a suitable solution due to the length required for the recommended gradient. A platform lift such as Terry Lifts' Melody 1 would provide a smarter and more aesthetically pleasing solution for the period building.
Overcoming the challenges
Our last DIY SOS Big Build project took place in 2014, when a through floor lift was installed for a family with a disabled son. After learning about the restoration of the Beaverbrooks House, we offered to donate a Melody 1 platform lift to the Centre.
A very limited time window presented difficulties as we could not manufacture a new platform lift unit in time for the installation date. However, a unit located in our showroom in Knutsford was identified as suitable for being allocated for the Beaverbrooks House project.
After the lift was dismantled and transported, our skilled engineers installed it in less than a day. Now the lift is providing visitors and staff with safe, reliable and easy access to the wonderful new facilities. Terry Lifts are proud to have taken part in making a difference to young carers' everyday lives.


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Q: .NET C# using HTTPrequest similar to Curl script I´m using .NET C# and want to use HTTPrequest to make a POST in the same way as it is written in Curl:
curl
--header 'Accept: text/html'
--user 'test1:password'
--Form 'wait=0'
--Form 'data=@data.csv;type=text/csv'
some URL address here

I´m getting Error 500 Internal error from the Internet server.
The data to be send is a CSV file.
My source code in C#:
string data = "Time, A, B\n20120101, 100, 24\n20120102\n, 101, 27";

// Create a request using a URL that can receive a post.
                    request = WebRequest.Create(url);
                    //Set authorization
                    request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password);
                    // Set the Method property of the request to POST.
                    request.Method = "POST";

                    // Create POST data and convert it to a byte array.
                    byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
                    // Set the ContentType property of the WebRequest.
                    request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
                    // Set the ContentLength property of the WebRequest.
                    request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
                    // Get the request stream.
                    dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
                    // Write the data to the request stream.
                    dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
                    // Close the Stream object.
                    dataStream.Close();

// Get the original response.
                WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
                this.Status = ((HttpWebResponse)response).StatusDescription;
                // Get the stream containing all content returned by the requested server.
                dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
                // Open the stream using a StreamReader for easy access.
                StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
                // Read the content fully up to the end.
                string responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
                // Clean up the streams.
                reader.Close();
                dataStream.Close();
                response.Close();

What am I doing wrong?

A: cURL uses the multipart/form-data content type to create its requests. I think this is required in your case as you are passing both a text parameter and a file. Sadly the .Net framework does not appear to have built in support for creating this content type.
There is a question on SO that gives example code for how to do it yourself here: Multipart forms from C# client
For reference the HTTP request generated by that cURL command looks something like this:
POST http://www.example.com/example HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Basic J3Rlc3Q6cGFzc3dvcmQn
User-Agent: curl/7.33.0
Host: www.example.com
Accept: text/html
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Length: 335
Expect: 100-continue
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=------------------------99aa46d554951aa6

--------------------------99aa46d554951aa6
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="'wait"

0'
--------------------------99aa46d554951aa6
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="'data"; filename="data.csv"
Content-Type: text/csv'

Time, A, B\n20120101, 100, 24\n20120102\n, 101, 27

--------------------------99aa46d554951aa6--

A: Doesn't data need to be URL encoded for a form post? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POST_%28HTTP%29#Use_for_submitting_web_forms

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
This is a partial list of 20th-century women artists, sorted alphabetically by decade of birth. These artists are known for creating artworks that are primarily visual in nature, in traditional media such as painting, sculpture, photography, printmaking, ceramics as well as in more recently developed genres, such as installation art, performance art, conceptual art, digital art and video art. Do not add entries for those without a Wikipedia article.

The list covers artists born in 1870 through 1969. For later births see List of 21st-century women artists.

Before 1870

Louise Abbéma (1858–1927), painter, printmaker, sculptor
Helen Allingham (1848–1926), painter, illustrator
Laura Alma-Tadema (1852–1909), painter
Ester Almqvist (1869–1934), Swedish painter
Anna Ancher (1859–1935), Danish painter
Sophie Anderson (1823–1903), painter
Marie-Elmina Anger (1844–1901), nun and painter
Helen Maitland Armstrong (1869–1948), stained glass artist
Lucy Angeline Bacon (1857–1932), painter
Alice Pike Barney (1857–1931), painter
Susie M. Barstow (1836–1923), painter
Jane E. Bartlett (1839–1923), painter and portraitist
Cecilia Beaux (1855–1942), painter
Julie Hart Beers (1835–1913), painter
Enella Benedict (1858–1942), American painter
Harriet Blackstone (1864–1939), figure painter
Anna Boch (1848–1936), painter
Alice Boughton (c. 1866–1943), photographer
Marie Bracquemond (1841–1916), painter
Susan Hinckley Bradley (1851–1929), American painter
Fidelia Bridges (1834–1923), watercolorist
Caroline Shawk Brooks (1840–1913), American sculptor
Matilda Browne (1869–1947), American painter
Elizabeth Eaton Burton (1869–1937), painter, printmaker, designer
Sally Bush (1860–1946), photographer
Evelyn Cameron (1868–1928), photographer
Mary Cassatt (1844–1926), painter, printmaker
Nellie Charlie (1867–1965), basket weaver
Christabel Cockerell (1863–1951), painter
Kate Cory (1861–1958), painter, sculptor
Helene Cramer (1844–1916), painter
Molly Cramer (1852–1936), painter
Annie I. Crawford (1856–1942), painter, printmaker
Alice Dannenberg (1861–1948), painter
Jenny Eakin Delony (1866–1949), painter
Cécile Douard (1866–1941), painter, sculptor
Florence Dreyfous (1868–1950), painter
Elisabeth von Eicken (1862–1940), German landscape painter
Florence Esté (1860–1926), painter
Johanna van Eybergen (1865–1950), applied artist and designer
Frances C. Fairman (1839–1923), animal painter, illustrator
Eva Scott Fényes (1849–1930), painter
Olga Fialka (1848–1930), painter, illustrator
Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven (1874–1927), Dada artist, happening artist, painter, sculptor
Laura Ann Fry (1857–1943), ceramic painter
Frances Gearhart (1869–1959), printmaker and watercolorist
Grace Woodbridge Geer (1854–1938), painter
Anna Gerresheim (1852–1921), German painter
Anne Goldthwaite (1869–1944), printmaker, painter
Caroline Gotch (1854–1945), painter
Jane Hawkins (1841–1904), portrait artist
Wilhelmina Douglas Hawley (1860–1958), painter
Laura Coombs Hills (1859–1952), painter
Anna Hope (Nan) Hudson (1869–1957), painter
Frances Benjamin Johnston (1864–1952), photographer
Gertrude Käsebier (1852–1934), photographer
Mina Karadžić (1828–1894), painter
Lucy Kemp-Welch (1869–1958), painter
Louisa Keyser (Datsolalee) (c. 1829/1850–1925), Washoe basket weaver
Kitty Lange Kielland (1843–1914), painter
Hilma af Klint (1862–1944), painter
Käthe Kollwitz (1867–1945), printmaker, sculptor, painter
Ida Pulis Lathrop (1859–1937), American painter
Jessie Lipscomb (1861–1952), sculptor
Séraphine Louis (1864–1942), painter
Maria Magdalena Łubieńska (1833–1920), Polish painter and founder of an arts school.
Carol Brooks MacNeil (1871–1944), American sculptor
Bessie MacNicol (1869–1904), painter
Jacqueline Marval (1866–1932), French painter
Cornelia F. Maury (1866–1942), American pastel artist
Blanche Hoschedé Monet (1865–1947), painter
Grandma Moses (1860–1961), painter
Dora Louise Murdoch (1857–1933), painter
Iris Nampeyo (c. 1860–1942), potter, ceramic artist
Clara Chipman Newton (1848–1936), china painter
Clara Weaver Parrish (1861–1925) painter, stained glass
Lilla Cabot Perry (1848–1933), painter
Edith Mitchill Prellwitz (1865–1944), painter
Vinnie Ream (1847–1914), sculptor
Suze Robertson (1855–1922), painter
Adelaïde Alsop Robineau (1865–1929), ceramic artist
Helene Schjerfbeck (1862–1946), painter
Anna Page Scott (1863–1925), painter
Janet Scudder (1869–1940), sculptor
Annie Ware Sabine Siebert (1864–1947), painter
Martha Simkins (1866–1969), painter
Jessie Willcox Smith (1863–1935), painter, illustrator
Gertrude Spencer-Stanhope (1857–1944), sculptor, painter
Eloise Harriet Stannard (1829–1915), painter
Emily Coppin Stannard (1803–1885), painter
Marianne Stokes (1855–1927), painter
Eva Stort (1855–1936), painter
Austa Densmore Sturdevant (1855–1936), painter
Josefine Swoboda (1861–1924), Austrian portrait painter
Annie Swynnerton (1844–1933), painter
Emma Beach Thayer (1849–1924), painter
Ellen Thesleff (1869–1954), painter
Juliet Thompson (1873–1956), painter
Suzanne Valadon (1865–1938), painter
Marianne von Werefkin (1860–1938), painter
Candace Wheeler (1827–1923), interior and textile designer
Anna Lillian Winegar (1867–1941), painter and illustrator

1870–1879

Zella de Milhau (1870–1954), printmaker
Dorothea A. Dreier (1870–1923), painter
Martha Stettler (1870–1945), painter
Enid Yandell (1870–1934), sculptor
Emily Carr (1871–1945), painter
Edith Woodman Burroughs (1871–1916), sculptor
Elizabeth Campbell Fisher Clay (1871–1959), lithographer, etcher
Elinor Darwin (1871–1954), engraver, portrait painter
Eliza Gardiner (1871–1955), painter and printmaker
Elizabeth Shippen Green (1871–1954), painter, illustrator
Emily Nichols Hatch (1871–1959), painter
Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva (1871–1955), graphic artist, watercolorist
Florine Stettheimer (1871–1944), painter

May Gearhart (1872–1951), printmaker
Bertha Zillessen (1872–1936), photographer, painter
Ethel Carrick (1872–1952), English painter
Pauline Powell Burns (1872–1912), first African-American artist to exhibit in California.
Mary Foote (1872–1968), painter
Edna Boies Hopkins (1872–1947), woodcut prints
Edith Maryon (1872–1924), sculptor
Virginia Randall McLaws (1872–1967), painter
Nadežda Petrović (1872–1922), painter
Helena Sturtevant (1872–1946), painter
Bessie Potter Vonnoh (1872–1955), sculptor
Beta Vukanović (1872–1972), painter

Ethel Sands (1873–1962), painter
Fanny Adele Watson (1873–1947), painter, lithographer
Gertrude Partington Albright (1874–1959), American artist
Romaine Brooks (1874–1970), painter
Isabel Codrington (1874–1943), English painter
Mabel Esplin (1874–1921), stained glass artist
Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven (1874–1927), Dada artist and poet
Violet Oakley (1874–1961), muralist, stained glass
Henrika Šantel (1874–1940), painter
Anne Belle Stone (1874–1949), painter
Nellie Walker (1874–1973), sculptor

Elenore Abbott (1875–1935), painter, teacher
Lizzy Ansingh (1875–1959), painter
Erma Bossi (1875–1952), painter
Clara McDonald Williamson (1875–1976), painter
Dulah Marie Evans (1875–1951), painter, photographer
Delle Miller (1875–1932), painter
Margaret Preston (1875–1963), painter, printmaker

Edith Dimock (1876–1955), painter
Christian Jane Fergusson (1876–1957), painter
Emily Parker Groom (1876–1975), painter
Lillian Genth (1876–1953), painter
Fairlie Harmar (1876-1945), painter
Gwen John (1876–1939), painter
Maude Kerns (1876–1965), American painter and avant garde artist
Paula Modersohn-Becker (1876–1907), painter

Else Berg (1877–1942), painter
Katherine Sophie Dreier (1877–1952), painter
Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller (1877–1968), sculptor, painter, poet
Elena Guro (1877–1913), painter, writer
Kata Kalivoda (1877–1936), painter
Laura Knight (1877–1970), painter and war artist
Gabriele Münter (1877–1962), painter
Käte Schaller-Härlin (1877–1973), painter
Hilda Annetta Walker (1877–1960), sculptor and painter
Mabel May Woodward (1877–1945), painter

Margaret Gere (1878–1965), painter
Edith Haworth (1878–1953), painter
Wilhelmina Weber Furlong (1878–1962), painter, teacher
Anna Coleman Ladd (1878–1939), sculptor
Sr. Maria Stanisia (née Monica Kurkowski; 1878–1967), painter
Pamela Colman Smith (1878–1951), illustrator and painter
Ellen Trotzig (1878–1949), painter
Emmy Worringer (1878–1961), German artist
Émilie Charmy (1878–1974), painter
Frances Farrand Dodge (1878–1969), painter and illustrator

Elisabeth Epstein (1879–1956), painter
Nell Choate Jones (1879–1981), painter, teacher
Thea Schleusner (1879–1964), painter
Anna Heyward Taylor (1879–1956), painter, printmaker
Ada Hill Walker (1879–1955), scientific illustrator and artist
Bessie Davidson (1879–1965), painter
Vanessa Bell (1879–1961), painter and interior designer

1880–1889

Rowena Meeks Abdy (1887–1945), painter
Berenice Abbott (1898–1991) photographer
Edith Cleaves Barry (1884–1969), American painter, photographer, sculptor
Bessie Marsh Brewer (1884–1952), sculptor
Nessa Cohen, (1885–1976), sculptor
Imogen Cunningham (1883–1976), photographer
Sonia Delaunay (1885–1979), painter
Tarsila do Amaral (1886–1973), Brazilian painter
Marthe Donas (1885–1967), painter
Aleksandra Ekster (1882–1949), painter
Lili Elbe (1882–1931), painter
Ester Ellqvist (1880–1918), painter
Stella Elmendorf Tylor (1885–1980), American painter
Beryl Fowler (1881–1963), English painter
Ethel Léontine Gabain (1883–1950), painter
Laura Gardin Fraser (1889–1966), sculptor
Natalia Goncharova (1881–1962), painter
Norah Neilson Gray (1882–1972), painter
Madeline Emily Green (1884–1947), painter
Tina Haim-Wentscher (1887–1974), German-Australian sculptress
Lydia Bush-Brown Head (1887–1984) American painter and designer
Ilse Heller-Lazard (1884–1934) French-Swiss painter
Sigrid Hjertén (1885–1948), painter
Hannah Höch (1889–1978), German painter, photographer, and photomontage artist
Malvina Hoffman (1887–1966), sculptor
Tora Vega Holmström (1880–1967), painter
Valentine Hugo (1887–1968), illustrator
Daisy Marguerite Hughes (1883–1968), American painter and lithographer
Dora Koch-Stetter (1881–1968), German painter (aka Dora Stetter)
Marie Laurencin (1883–1956), painter, printmaker
Constance Jenkins Macky (1883–1961), painter, teacher
Ana Marinković (1881–1973), painter
Maria Martinez (1887–1980), potter
Marlow Moss (1889–1958), sculptor, painter
Geneva Mercer (1889–1984), sculptor
Ethel Myers (1881–1960), sculptor, painter
Ella Naper (1886–1972), jeweller & potter
Hilda Rix Nicholas (1884–1961), painter
Elizabeth Norton (artist) (1887–1985) printmaker, bronze sculptor, painter
Georgia O'Keeffe (1887–1986), painter
Olga Oppenheimer (1886–1941), German artist
Jessie Burns Parke (1889–1964), painter, illustrator
Clara Elsene Peck (1883–1968), painter, illustrator
Agnes Pelton (1881–1961), painter
Gladys Reynell (1881–1956), potter
Anne Ryan (1889–1954), painter
Zinaida Serebriakova (1884–1967), painter
Henrietta Shore (1880–1963), painter
Zulma Steele (1881–1979), painter
Helen Margaret Spanton (1877–1934), painter
Sophie Taeuber-Arp (1889–1943), painter
Lucy Telles (c. 1885–1955), Mono Lake Paiute-Yosemite Miwok basket weaver
Nadezhda Udaltsova (1886–1961), painter
Doris Ulmann (1882–1934), photographer
Vukosava Velimirović (1888–1965), sculptor
Grace Vollmer (1884–1977) American painter
Pepi Weixlgärtner-Neutra (1886–1981), Austrian-Swedish painter, graphic designer and miniaturist
Laura Wheeler Waring (1887–1948), painter
Carla Witte (1889–1943), German and Uruguayan painter and sculptor
Marta Worringer (1881–1965), German artist
Mary Agnes Yerkes (1886–1989), painter
Marguerite Zorach (née Thompson) (1887–1968), painter

1890–1899

Berenice Abbott (1898–1991), photographer
Karimeh Abbud (1896–1940), photographer
Eileen Agar (1899–1991), painter, collage
Elene Akhvlediani (1898–1975), painter
Anni Albers (1899–1994), designer, weaver and graphic artist
Elsie Allen (1899–1990), Cloverdale Pomo basket weaver
Mabel Alvarez (1891–1985), painter
Peggy Bacon (1895–1987), printmaker, painter, illustrator
Eugenie Baizerman (1899–1949), painter
Carrie Bethel (1898–1974), Mono Lake Paiute basket weaver
Clara Birnberg (1894–1989), illustrator, portraitist, sculptor
Dorrit Black (1891–1951), painter
Kathleen Blackshear (1897–1988), painter
Lucile Blanch (1895–1981), painter
Elise Blumann (1897–1990), painter
Claude Cahun (1894–1954), photographer, author
Dora Carrington (1893–1932), painter
Dorothy Coke (1897–1979), painter
Isabel Cooper (1892–1984), illustrator primarily known for depicitons of animals collected on research expeditions
Mildred Coughlin (1892–1984), painter, printmaker, illustrator
Trena Cox (1895–1980), stained glass artist
Grace Crowley (1890–1979), painter
Louise Dahl-Wolfe (1895–1989), photographer
Florence Davidson (1896–1993), Haida basket weaver
Margaret Firth (1898–1991), painter
Lillian Florsheim (1896–1988), sculptor
Helen Katharine Forbes (1891–1945), muralist
Enid Foster (1895–1979), artist, sculptor, playwright
Frances Foy (1890–1963), artist, muralist
Elsa Fraenkel (1892–1975), sculptor
Alethea Garstin (1894–1978), English painter
Laura Gilpin (1891–1979), photographer
Minetta Good (1895–1946), painter and printmaker, W.P.A. artist
Laicita Gregg (1892–1975), painter
Maija Grotell (1899–1973), ceramic artist
Grace L. Hamilton (1894-1992), muralist
Jennie Harbour (1893–1959), illustrator
Jeanne Hébuterne (1898–1920), painter
Dörte Helm (1898–1941), artist, painter and graphic designer
Marion Huse (1896–1967), painter and printmaker, W.P.A. artist
Margaret Calkin James (1895–1985), calligrapher, graphic designer, textile printer, watercolour painter, printmaker
Lotte Jacobi (1896–1990), photographer
Alison Mason Kingsbury (1898–1988), painter, muralist
Georgina Klitgard (1893–1976), muralist
Gina Knee Brook (1898–1982), painter
Winifred Knights (1899–1947), painter
Katarzyna Kobro (1898–1951), sculptor
Anka Krizmanić (1896–1987), Croatian painter and printmaker
Dorothea Lange (1895–1965), photographer
Dorothy P. Lathrop (1891–1980), American illustrator and writer
Gertrude K. Lathrop (1896–1996), American sculptor
Tamara de Lempicka (1898–1980), painter
Lucile Lloyd (1894–1941), muralist
Lou Loeber (1894–1983), painter
Gladys M. Lux (1899–2003), painter, printmaker
Suzanne Malherbe (1892–1972), illustrator, designer
Hildreth Meière (1892–1961), mosaicist
Yevonde Middleton (1893–1975), photographer
Lilian May Miller (1895–1943), woodblock printer and painter
Tina Modotti (1896–1942), photographer
Lucia Moholy (1894–1989), photographer
Olive Mudie-Cooke (1890–1925), painter
Louise Nevelson (1899–1988), sculptor
Marjorie Ann Nuhn (1898–1988), painter
Bashka Paeff (1894–1979), sculptor
Tonita Peña (1893–1949), works on paper, muralist
Zora Petrović (1894–1962), painter
Dulcie Mary Pillers (1891–1961), medical illustrator
Orovida Camille Pissarro (1893–1968), painter, printmaker
Pearlie Posey (1894-1984), textile artist
Dod Procter (1892–1972), painter
Jessie Beard Rickly (1895-1975), painter
Hannah Ryggen (1894–1970), textile artist
Kay Sage (1898–1963), painter
Augusta Savage (1892–1962), sculptor
Bertha Schaefer (1895–1971), furniture designer, galleryist
Elsa Schiaparelli (1890–1973), fashion, textiles
Martel Schwichtenberg (1896–1945), painter and designer
Dorothy Hope Smith (1895–1955), artist
Janet Sobel (1893–1968), painter
Varvara Stepanova (1894–1958), painter and designer
Vere Temple (1898-1980), wildlife illustrator
Alma Thomas (1891–1978), painter
Charley Toorop (1891–1955), painter
Marion Gray Traver (1892-1979), painter
Marie Elisabeth Wrede (1898-1981), painter
Beulah Woodard (1895–1955), sculptor
Ogura Yuki (1895–2000), painter

1900–1909

Gertrude Abercrombie (1909–1977), painter
Mary Adshead (1904–1995), muralist, painter
Maxine Albro (1903–1966), muralist, printmaker
Griselda Allan (1905–1987), painter
Catherine Tharp Altvater (1907–1984), painter
Grace Greenwood Ames (1905–1979) artist, muralist
Rita Angus (1908–1970), painter
Mariam Aslamazyan (1907–2006), painter
Eranuhi Aslamazyan (1910–1998), painter
Evgenia Baykova (1907–1997), painter
Celia Frances Bedford (1904–1959), painter, printmaker
Suzanne Belperron (1900–1983), jeweler
Ruth Bernhard (1905–2006), photographer
Nellie Geraldine Best (1905–1990), muralist, sculptor
Isabel Bishop (1902–1988), painter
Frances Blakemore (1906–1997), printmaker
Lucienne Bloch (1909–1999) painter
Elisa Maria Boglino (1905–2002),painter
Dorr Bothwell (1902–2000), painter, printmaker
Margaret Bourke-White (1904–1971), photographer
Dorothea Braby (1909–1987), painter, book illustrator
Lola Álvarez Bravo (1907–1993), photographer
Emmy Bridgewater (1906–1999), painter, poet
Felicia Browne (1904–1936), artist, activist
Marjorie Frances Bruford (1902–1958), painter
Margaret Brundage (1900–1976), illustrator
Norma Bull (1906–1980), painter
Selma Burke (1900–1995), sculptor
Nancy Carline (1909–2004), painter
Ruth Chaney (1908–1973), printmaker
Marie Z. Chino (1907–1982), ceramic artist
Grace Clements (1905–1969), muralist, mosaicist, art critic
Marion Osborn Cunningham (1908–1948), printmaker
Martina Gangle Curl (1906–1994), artist, activist
Dorothy Dehner (1901–1994), sculptor, printmaker
Evelyn Dunbar (1906–1960), painter
Claire Falkenstein (1908–1997), sculptor, painter, printmaker
Perle Fine (1905–1988), painter
Leonor Fini (1907–1996), painter
Cornelia MacIntyre Foley (1909–2010), painter
Constance Edith Fowler (1907–1996), painter, printmaker, author, educator
Gisèle Freund (1908 or 1912–2000), photographer
Gyo Fujikawa 1908-1998), illustrator and author
Zhenya Gay (1906–1978), illustrator
Evelyn Gibbs (1905–1991), engraver, art teacher
Elizabeth Ginno (1907–1991) painter, printmaker
Marion Greenwood (1909–1970), artist, muralist
Edith Hamlin (1902–1992), muralist, landscape and portrait painter
Isobel Heath (1908–1989), artist, poet
Barbara Hepworth (1903–1975), sculptor
Josette Hébert-Coëffin (1906–1973)
Gertrude Hermes (1901–1983), print maker and sculptor
Elsie Dalton Hewland (1901–1979), painter
Karen Holtsmark (1907–1998), painter
Ray Howard-Jones (1903–1996), painter
Lois Mailou Jones (1905–1998), painter
Rebecca Field Jones (1905–2002), sculptor, educator
Frida Kahlo (1907–1954) painter
Maude Kegg (1904–1986), bead artist
Anna Kostrova (1909–1994), painter, graphic artist
Lee Krasner (1908–1984), painter
Doris Lee (1905–1983), painter
Ruth Harriet Louise (1903–1940), photographer
Helen Lundeberg (1908–1999), painter
Margaret Macadam (1902-1991), illustrator
Sheila Marbain (1908–2008), master printmaker
Tatyana Mavrina (1902–1996), painter and book illustrator
 Dorothy Meredith (1906–1986), American artist and educator, known for fiber art.
Mabel McKay (1907–1993), basket weaver
Miriam McKinnie (1906–1987), muralist
Dora Maar (1907–1997), photographer, painter, poet
Maruja Mallo (1902–1995), painter
Doris Meltzer (1908–1977), printmaker and art dealer
Hansel Mieth (1909–1998), photographer
Lee Miller (1907–1977), photographer
Lisette Model (1901–1983), photographer
Barbara Morgan (1900–1992), photographer
Donia Nachshen (1903–1987), illustrator, poster artist
Fannie Nampeyo (1900–1987), potter, ceramic artist
Alice Neel (1900–1984), painter
Loukia Nicolaidou (1909–1994), painter
Olive Nuhfer (1901-1996), painter
Vevean Oviette (1902–1986), printmaker
Essie Parrish (1902–1979), Kashaya Pomo basket weaver
Betty Parsons (1900–1982), painter, gallerist
Milena Pavlović-Barili (1909–1945), painter
Irene Rice Pereira (1902–1971), painter, author
Mary Potter (1900–1981), painter
Dorothy Wagner Puccinelli (1901–1974), muralist, painter
Mildred Rackley (1906–1992), printmaker
Alice Rahon (1904–1987) painter
Margaretha Reichardt (1907–1984), textile designer
Andrée Rexroth (1902–1940), painter
Leni Riefenstahl (1902–2003), filmmaker
Elizabeth Rivers (1903-1964), painter, engraver, illustrator and author
Louise Emerson Ronnebeck (1901–1980), painter
Stella Schmolle (1908–1975), painter
Ethel Schwabacher (1903–1984), painter
Bernarda Bryson Shahn (1903–2004), painter, lithographer
Jessamine Shumate (1902–1990), painter
Elena Skuin (1909–1986), painter
Mary Tillman Smith (1904–1995), painter
Virginia Snedeker (1909–2000), painter
Ethel Spears (1903–1974), painter
Doris Spiegel (1901–1996), illustrator, printmaker
Sultana Suruzhon (1900–1961), painter
Lenore Tawney (1907–2007), fiber artist, sculptor
Remedios Varo (1908–1963), painter
Maria Helena Vieira da Silva (1908–1992), painter
Ilse Weber (1908–1944), painter
Thelma Frazier Winter (1903–1977), ceramic sculptor and enamelist
Henriette Wyeth (1907–1997), painter
Maria Zubreeva (1900–1991), painter, graphic artist

1910–1919

Ida Abelman (1910–2002), painter
Blanch Ackers (1914–2003), painter
Taisia Afonina (1913–1994), painter
Eileen Aldridge (1916–1990), painter, art restorer
Evgenia Antipova (1917–2009), painter
Eve Arnold (1912–2012), photographer
Gwen Barnard (1912–1988), painter, printmaker
Bernece Berkman (1911–1988), painter
Semiha Berksoy (1910–2004), painter, opera singer
Ana Bešlić (1912–2008), sculptor
Louise Bourgeois (1911–2010), sculptor
Doris Blair (born 1915), painter
Harriet Bogart (1917–1988), painter
Eden Box (1919–1988), painter
Leonora Carrington (1917–2011), painter
Elizabeth Catlett (1915–2012) sculptor, printmaker
Chien-Ying Chang (1913–2004), painter
Malvina Cheek (1915–2016), painter
Helen Cordero (1915–1994), ceramic artist
Elaine de Kooning (1918–1989), painter
Maya Deren (1917–1961), filmmaker and theorist, photographer
Yvonne Drewry (1918–2007), painter and print-maker
Jane Frank (1918–1986), mixed-media painter, sculptor
Louise Arnstein Freedman (1915–2001), printmaker
Rosalie Gascoigne (1917–1999), sculptor, assemblage
Wilhelmina McAlpin Godfrey (1914–1994), painter
Blanche Grambs (1916–2010), painter, printmaker
Dorothy Grebenak (1913–1990), textile artist
Isabelle Greenberger (1911–1997), printmaker
Riva Helfond (1910–2002), printmaker
Carmen Herrera (1915–2022), painter
Nora Heysen (1911–2003), painter
Ruth Horsting (1919–2000), sculptor, professor
Erlund Hudson (1912–2011), painter
Tove Jansson (1914–2001), painter, illustrator, novelist
Shirley Julian (1914–1995), painter, printmaker
Kali (1918–1998), painter
Corita Kent (1918–1986), printmaker
Gwendolyn Knight (1914–2005), painter
Gunhild Kristensen (1919–2002), stained glass artist
Jacqueline Lamba (1910–1993), painter
Maria Lassnig (1919–2014), painter
Miriam Laufer (1918–1980), painter
Helen Levitt (1913–2009), photographer
Frances Macdonald (1914–2002), painter
Mary Macqueen (1912–1994), printmaker, drawing and mixed media
Ethel Magafan (1916–1993), painter
Beatrice Mandelman (1912–1998), painter and printmaker
Agnes Martin (1912–2004), painter
Mercedes Matter née Carles (1913–2001), painter
Louisa Matthíasdóttir (1917–2000), painter
Sylvia Melland (1906–1993), painter
Corinne Mitchell (1914-1993), painter
Mona Moore (1917–2000), painter
Hilda Grossman Morris (1911–1991), sculptor
Esta Nesbitt (1918–1975), xerox artist, fashion illustrator
Meret Oppenheim (1913–1985), sculptor
Juliet Pannett (1911–2005), portrait artist
Garnet Pavatea (1915–1981), potter
Margaret Elder Philbrick (1914 - 1999), printmaker
Tuulikki Pietilä (1917–2009), illustrator
Elizabeth Carney Pope (1910 – 1991), muralist
Mary M. Purser (1913-1986), painter
Lilo Rasch-Naegele (1914–1978), painter, graphic artist, fashion designer, book illustrator
Ruth Ray (1919–1977), painter
Miriam C. Rice (1918–2010), sculptor and textile artist
Hulda D. Robbins (1910–2011), printmaker
Maria Rudnitskaya (1916–1983), painter
Charlotte Salomon (1917–1943), painter
Amrita Sher-Gil (1913–1941), painter
Clara Sherman (1914–2010), textile artist
Nadezhda Shteinmiller (1915–1991), painter, stage designer
Sylvia Sleigh (1916–2010), painter
Ann Hunt Spencer (1913 - 1972), painter
Thelma Johnson Streat (1911–1959), painter, dancer, educator
Hedda Sterne (1910–2011), painter
Dorothea Tanning (1910–2012), painter
Domicėlė Tarabildienė (1912–1985), graphic artist, sculptor, book illustrator
Gerda Taro (1910–1937), photographer
Angotigolu Teevee (1910–1967), printmaker
Anya Teixeira (1913–1992), photographer
Elsa Thiemann (1910–1981), photographer
Margaret Thomas (1916–2016), painter
Bridget Bate Tichenor (1917–1990), painter
Mary Van Blarcom (1913–1953), printmaker
Pablita Velarde (1918–2006), painter
Pauline Vinson (1915–1986), illustrator
Carol Weinstock (1914–1971), painter, printmaker
Alicia Wiencek Fiene (1918-1961), painter
Marion Post Wolcott (1910–1990), photographer
Joan Elizabeth Woollard (1916–2008), sculptor
Tetyana Yablonska (1917–2005), painter

1920–1929
Carla Accardi (1924–2014), painter
Etel Adnan (1925–2021), painter, poet
Ruthadell Anderson (1922–2018), textile and fiber artist
Ida Applebroog (born 1929), painter
Diane Arbus (1923–1971), photographer
Pamela Ascherson (1923–2010), sculptor, illustrator
Alice Baber (1928–1982), painter
Jo Baer (born 1929), painter
Irina Baldina (1922–2009), painter
Hannelore Baron (1926–1987), collage artist
Lavinia Bazhbeuk-Melikyan (1922–2005), painter
Mona Beaumont (1927–2007), painter, printmaker
Brenda Bettinson (born 1929), artist, muralist, radio station art editor, and professor
Edith Birkin (1927–2018), painter
Zlata Bizova (1927–2013), painter
Nell Blaine (1922–1996), painter
Sandra Blow (1925–2006), painter
Kossa Bokchan (1925–2009), painter
Druie Bowett (1924–1998), painter
Geta Bratescu (1926–2018), visual artist
Fanny Brennan (1921–2001), painter
Esther Bubley (1921–1998), photographer
Martha Burchfield (1924–1977), watercolorist
Crucita Calabaza (Blue Corn, c. 1920–1999), ceramic artist
Delores Churchill (born 1929), basket maker
Irene V. Clark (1927-1980), painter
Jean Cooke (1927–2008), Royal Academy artist
Marie Cosindas (1925–2017), photographer
Amanda Crowe (1928–2004), woodcarver
Jay DeFeo (1929–1989), painter, visual artist
Lois Dodd (born 1927), painter
Mavis Doering (1929–2007), Cherokee basket weaver
Rosalyn Drexler (born 1926), painter
Sonja Eisenberg (1926–2017), abstract painter
Monir Shahroudy Farmanfarmaian (1924–2019), sculptor
Francine Felsenthal (1922–2000), painter, printmaker
Lilly Fenichel (1927–2016), painter
Claire Fejes (1920–1998), sculptor
Jackie Ferrara (born 1929), sculptor
Mary Fitzpayne (born 1928), painter
Victorine Foot (1920–2000), painter
Helen Frankenthaler (1928–2011), painter
Jane Freilicher (1924–2014), painter
Sonia Gechtoff (1926–2018), painter
Ilka Gedő (1921–1985), painter, graphic artist
Mokarrameh Ghanbari (1928–2005), painter
Françoise Gilot (born 1921), painter, writer
Vee Guthrie (1920—2012), illustrator
Terry Haass (1923–2016), painter, printmaker, sculptor
Elaine Hamilton-O'Neal (1920–2010), painter
Edie McKee Harper (1922–2010), photographer, painter, lithography, sculpture
Grace Hartigan (1922–2008), painter
Pati Hill (1921–2014), copier artist
Frances Hodgkins (1869–1947), painter
Martha Holmes (1923–2006), photographer
Mansooreh Hosseini (1926–2012), painter
Olga Jančić (1929–2012), sculptor
Olga Jevrić (1922–2014), sculptor
Ynez Johnston (1920–2019), painter, printmaker, sculptor and educator
Ljubinka Jovanović (1920–2015), painter
Lila Katzen (1925–1998), sculptor
Cynthia Kenny (born 1929), painter
Ruth Kerkovius (1921–2007), painter, printmaker
Maya Kopitseva (1924–2005), painter
Tatiana Kopnina (1921–2009), painter
Elena Kostenko (1926–2019), painter
Marina Kozlovskaya (1925–2019), painter
Yayoi Kusama (born 1929), sculptor, performance art, installation art
Valeria Larina (1926–2008), painter
June Leaf (born 1929), painter, sculptor
Barbara Lekberg (1925–2018), metal sculptor
Elizabeth Jane Lloyd (1928–1995), painter, teacher
Eleanore Mikus (1927–2017), painter
Joan Mitchell (1925–1992), painter
Inge Morath (1923–2002), photographer
Emiko Nakano (1925–1990), painter, printmaker
Barbara Neustadt (1922–1998), printmaker, book artist
Anna-Stina Nilstoft (1928–2017), Swedish painter
Zelda Nolte (1929–2003), sculptor/woodblock printmaker
Margaret Olley (1923–2011), painter
Mimi Parent (1924–2005), painter
Pat Passlof (1928–2011), painter
Joanna Pettway (1924 - 1993), quilter
Sharni Pootoogook (1922–2003), printmaker
Ludmiła Popiel (1928–2011), painter
Galina Rumiantseva (1927–2004), painter
Kapitolina Rumiantseva (1925–2002), painter
Betye Saar (born 1926), assemblage sculpture
Ana Sacerdote (1925–2012), painter, video artist
Behjat Sadr (1924–2009), painter
Takako Saito (born 1929), installation art, performance art
Honoré Desmond Sharrer (1920–2009), painter
Alice Shaddle (1928 – 2017), sculptor
Sarai Sherman (1922–2013), painter, printmaker, sculptor
Galina Smirnova (1929–2015), painter
Doretta Frenna Smith (1924–2012), painter
Nancy Spero (1926–2009), painter
Katy Stephanides (1925–2012), painter
Dorothy Tanner (1923–2020), light sculptor
Hannah Tompkins (1920–1995), painter, printmaker
Anne Truitt (1921–2004), sculptor
Draginja Vlasic (1928–2011), painter
Nina Veselova (1922–1960), painter
Stella Waitzkin (1920–2003), painter
Jane Wilson (1924–2015), painter
Leona Wood (1921–2008), painter

1930–1939
Magdalena Abakanowicz (1930–2017), sculptor and graphic artist
Alice Adams (born 1930), sculptor, textile art, earthworks
Maliheh Afnan (1935–2016), mixed media artist
Gayleen Aiken (1934–2005), painter, musician
Susan Allix (b. 1934), book artist
Edith Altman (born 1931), painter, performance artist
Emma Andijewska (born 1931), painter, writer
 Maria Anto (1936–2007), Polish painter, poet, matron of the Art Prize
Electa Arenal (1935–1960), Mexican muralist
Helene Aylon (1931–2020), sculptor
Gillian Ayres (1930–2018), painter
Audrey Barker (1932–2002), installation artist
Mardi Barrie (1930–2004), painter
Mária Bartuszová (1936–1996), sculptor
Annemirl Bauer (1939–1989), painter
Baya (artist) (1931–1998), painter, potter
Zuleika Bazhbeuk-Melikyan (born 1939), painter
Hilla Becher (1934–2015), photographer
Mary Holiday Black (born c. 1934), Navajo basket maker
Karen Boccalero (1933–1997), printmaker
Maude Boltz (1939-2017), fiber artist
Lee Bontecou (born 1931), sculptor, printmaker
Pauline Boty (1938–1966), painter
Joan Brown (1938–1990), painter
P. Buckley Moss (born 1933), painter
Barbara Bullock (born 1938), painter, educator
Judy Chicago (born 1939), installation artist
Chryssa (1933–2013), sculptor
Meinrad Craighead (1936–2019), painter, printmaker
Iran Darroudi (1936–2021), painter
Agnes Denes (born 1931), conceptual artist, multidisciplinary
Irina Dobrekova (born 1931), painter
Martha Edelheit (born 1931), painter
Lillian Wolock Elliott (1930–1994) American fiber artist, textile designer
Marisol Escobar (1930–2016), sculptor
Janet Fish (born 1938), painter
Audrey Flack (born 1931), painter, printmaker, sculptor
Eva Frankfurther (1930–1959), painter
Elisabeth Frink (1930–1993), sculptor, printmaker
Valerie Ganz (1936–2015), painter
Irina Getmanskaya (born 1939), painter
Tatiana Gorb (1935–2013), painter
Shirley Gorelick (1936–2000), painter
Elena Gorokhova (1933–2014), painter
Carmen Gracia (born 1935), printmaker
Nancy Graves (1939–1995), sculptor, painter, printmaker
Martha Nessler Hayden (born 1936), American painter
Mary Habsch (born 1931), Belgian painter and printmaker
Lee Hall (1934–2017), American abstract landscape painter, writer, university president
Eva Hesse (1936–1970), sculptor
Nicole Hollander (born 1939), illustration, comics
Valerie Hollister (born 1939), painter, printmaker
Nancy Holt (1938–2014), sculptor/ land art
Joan Jonas (born 1936), performance artist
Alison Knowles (born 1933), Fluxus, performance artist
Sara Leighton (born 1937), portrait painter
Lee Lozano (1930–1999), painter
Joan Lyons (born 1937), photographer, book artist
Althea McNish (c. 1933–2020), textile designer
Totte Mannes (born 1933), painter
Helena Markson (1934–2012), printmaker
Emily Mason (1932–2019), painter
Leyly Matine-Daftary (1937–2007), modernist painter
Norma Minkowitz (b. 1937), fiber artist
Valentina Monakhova (born 1932), painter
Charlotte Moorman (1933–1991), performance artist, Fluxus
Lois Morrison (born 1934), book artist
Ree Morton (1933–1977), painter
Vera Nazina (born 1931), painter
Carol Heifetz Neiman (1937–1990), Xerox artist, printmaker, pastel, pencil, painter
Lorraine O'Grady (born 1934), performance art, installation art
Yoko Ono (born 1933), performance art, music
Marilyn Pappas (born 1931), textile artist
Fay Peck (1931–2016), American Expressionist artist
Nancy Petyarre (1934/38–2009), painter
Anirnik Ragee (born 1935), printmaker
Deborah Remington (1930–2010), painter
Bridget Riley (born 1931), painter
Faith Ringgold (born 1930), painter
Dorothea Rockburne (born 1932), painter
Carol Rosen (1933-2014), sculptor, collage and book artist
Marilyn R. Rosenberg (born 1934), book artist
Eliyakota Samualie (1939–1987), graphic artist and sculptor
Carolee Schneemann (1939–2019), performance artist
Joan Semmel (born 1932), painter
Genie Shenk (1937-2018), paper artist
Jacqueline Skiles (born 1937), printmaker, sculptor
Anita Steckel (1930–2012), graphic artist
Marjorie Strider (1931–2014), sculptor
Michelle Stuart (born 1933), painter, sculptor, photographer
Anita Louise Suazo (born 1937), ceramics
Atsuko Tanaka (1932–2005), painting, sculpture, performance art, installation art
Ana Vidjen (born 1931), sculptor

1940–1949
Pacita Abad (1946–2004), painter
Marina Abramović (born 1946), performance artist
Gretchen Albrecht, (born 1943), painter
Laurie Anderson (born 1947), performance artist
Heather Angel (born 1941), photographer, author
Germaine Arnaktauyok (born 1946), printmaker, painter
Alice Aycock (born 1946), sculptor
Tina Barney (born 1945), photographer, filmmaker
Jennifer Bartlett (born 1941), painter
Anne Bascove (born 1946), painter, printmaker, mixed media
Lynda Benglis (born 1941), sculptor
Judith Bernstein (born 1942), painter
Vivienne Binns (born 1940), painter, enamels
Shirley L. Bolton (1945-1984), painter
Melinda Bordelon (1949–1995), painter, illustrator
Fionnuala Boyd (born 1944), painter, photographer
Dina Bursztyn (born 1948), visual artist and writer
Deborah Butterfield (born 1949), sculptor
Kathleen Caraccio (b. 1947), printmaker
Rhea Carmi (born 1942), abstract expressionist and mixed-media artist
Squeak Carnwath (born 1947), painter
Vera Chino (born 1943), Acoma Pueblo ceramic artist
Suzanne Klotz (born 1944), painter, sculptor
Shelagh Cluett (1947–2007), sculptor fine art lecturer
Susan Crile (born 1942), painter
Lynn Davis (born 1944), photographer
Virginia Dotson (born 1943), woodworker
Orshi Drozdik (born 1946), photographer, sculptor, performance artist, painter, writer, conceptual artist
Bracha Ettinger (born 1948), painter, photographer, psychoanalyst, writer
Valie Export (born 1940), performance artist, video installations, photography
Carole Feuerman (born 1945), sculptor
Helen C. Frederick (born 1945), printmaker
Rose Garrard (born 1946), installation, video and performance
Teresa Gierzyńska (born 1947), Polish conceptual artist, photographer
Mary Giles (1944-2018), fiber artist
Jan Groover (1943–2012), photographer
Kathy Grove (born 1948), conceptual artist
Graciela Gutiérrez Marx (1945–2022), mail artist
Elisabeth Haarr (born 1945), textile artist
Maggi Hambling (born 1945), painter, sculptor
Helen Hardin (1943–1984), painter
Margaret Harrison (born 1940), painter
Masumi Hayashi (1945–2006), photographer
Judithe Hernández (born 1948) painter, muralist
Rebecca Horn (born 1944), sculptor, installation art
Miyako Ishiuchi (born 1947), photographer
Sanja Iveković (born 1949), interdisciplinary artist
Susan Kaprov (born 1946), multi-disciplinary artist
Rita Keegan (born 1949), multii-media artist
Mary Kelly (artist) (born 1941), installation art, interdisciplinary
Yvonne Walker Keshick (born 1946), quill artist and basket maker
Gayane Khachaturian (1942–2009), painter
Barbara Kozłowska (1940–2008), installation, environment artist, photographer
Barbara Kruger (born 1945), conceptual artist
Annie Leibovitz (born 1949), photographer
Pat Lipsky, (born 1940), painter
Hung Liu, (1948–2021), painter
Kistat Lund (1944–2017), graphic artist, illustrator, painter
Markéta Luskačová (born 1944), photographer
Mary Ellen Mark (1940–2015), photographer
Linda McCartney (1942–1998), photographer
Rebecca Medel (born 1947) fiber artist
Susan Meiselas (born 1948), photographer
Ana Mendieta (1948–1985), performance art, sculptor
Annette Messager (born 1943), installation art, interdisciplinary
Tania Mouraud (born 1942), installation art, mixed media
Sheila Mullen (born 1942), painter
Glòria Muñoz (born 1949), painter
Elizabeth Murray (1940–2007), painter, printmaker
Avis Newman (born 1946), painter, sculptor
Gladys Nilsson (born 1940), painter
Guity Novin (born 1944), painter
Lydia Okumura (born 1948), sculptor
Orlan (born 1947) performance artist
Gloria Petyarre (1945–2021), painter
Adrian Piper (born 1948), conceptual artist
Sylvia Plachy (born 1943), photographer
Stephanie Pogue (1944–2002), printmaker
Susan Mohl Powers (born 1944), sculptor, painter
Helen Ramsaran (born 1943), sculptor
Judy Rifka (born 1945) painter, video artist
Elena del Rivero (b. 1949), multi media artist
Suellen Rocca (1943–2020), painter
Barbara Rosenthal (born 1948), photographer
Martha Rosler (born 1943), photographer, performance, video
Barbara Rossi (born 1940), painter
Ursula von Rydingsvard (born 1942), sculptor
Kakulu Saggiaktok (1940–2020), visual artist
Barbara Schwartz (1949–2006), painter, sculptor
Carol Schwartzott (born 1945), book artist
Sandy Skoglund (born 1946), photographer
Hollis Sigler (1948–2001), painter
Joan Snyder (born 1940), painter
Annegret Soltau (born 1946), graphic, performance, video, photocollage
Pat Steir (born 1938), painter
Vicki Stone (born 1949), painter
Altoon Sultan (born 1948), painter
Carol Sutton (born 1945), painter
Berenice Sydney (1944–1983), paintings, drawings, prints, children's books, costume design, performance
Joyce Tenneson (born 1945), photographer
Gail Tremblay (born 1945), installation artist and basket weaver
Yvonne Edwards Tucker (born 1941), American potter
Mym Tuma (born 1940), painter and mixed-media artist
Lauretta Vinciarelli (1943–2011), painter, architect, educator
Vivian Wang (born 1945), sculptor
Anita Lynn Wetzel (1949 - 2021), paper artist
Hannah Wilke (1940–1993), sculptor, photographer
Annie Williams (born 1942), watercolour artist
Val Wilmer (born 1941), photographer, author
Jackie Winsor (born 1941), sculptor

1950–1959
Eija-Liisa Ahtila (born 1959), videographer, photographer
Peggy Ahwesh (born 1954), filmmaker
Davida Allen (born 1951), painter, filmmaker
Cecilia Alvarez (born 1950), painter, muralist
Annie Antone (born 1955), basket weaver
Anne Appleby (born 1954), painter
Sue Arrowsmith (1950–2014), photographic artist
Imna Arroyo (born 1951), printmaker
Lynda Barry (born 1956), illustrator, comics
Jane Boyd (born 1953), installation
Lisa Bradley (born 1951), painter
Chrisann Brennan (born 1954), painter
Tara Bryan (1953-2020), painter, book artist
Chila Kumari Burman (born 1957), printmaker, painter, installation artist
Catherine Chalmers (born 1957), photographer
Sophie Calle (born 1953), photographer, author, installation artist, conceptual artist
Louisa Chase (1951–2016), painter, printmaker
Emily Cheng (born 1953), painter
Chinwe Chukwuogo-Roy (1952–2012), painter
Victoria Civera (born 1955), interdisciplinary artist, painter
Béatrice Coron (b. 1956), multi media artist
Sokari Douglas Camp (born 1958), sculptor
Susan Derges (born 1955), photographic artist
A. K. Dolven  (born 1953), painting, film, and interventions in public space
Lola Flash (born 1959), photographer
Cherryl Fountain (born 1950), still life, landscape and botanical artist
Joanne Gair (born 1958), painter, body art
Anne Geddes (born 1956), photographer
Anne Gilman (born 1953), mixed media
Nan Goldin (born 1953), photographer
Patricia Gonzalez (born 1958), painter
Jane Hammond (born 1950), painter, printmaker
Akiko Hatsu (born 1959), illustrator, comics
Jenny Holzer (born 1950), conceptual artist
Roni Horn (born 1955), photographer
Mona Hatoum (born 1952), video, installation
Lubaina Himid (born 1954), mixed media
Leiko Ikemura (born 1951), painter, sculptor
Janel Jacobson  (b. 1950), ceramicist, wood carver
Terrell James (born 1955), painter, sculptor
Vanessa Paukeigope Jennings (born 1952), bead and textile artist
Claudette Johnson (born 1959), painter
Ann Kalmbach (b. 1950), book artist and printmaker
Christine Kermaire (b. 1953), book artist
Sharon Kerry-Harlan (b. 1951), textile artist
Deborah Kennedy (born 1953), sculptor, painter, contemporary art
Karen Kunc (born 1952). printmaker, book artist
Maya Lin (born 1959), installation artist
Marita Liulia (born 1957), photographer, digital and interactive media
Cynthia Lockhart (born 1952), textile artist
Sally Mann (born 1951), photographer
Soraida Martinez (born 1956), artist, designer
Michiko Matsumoto (born 1950), photographer
Emma McCagg (born 1957), painter, filmmaker
Moseka Yogo Ambake (1956–2019), painter
Shirin Neshat (born 1957), filmmaker, videographer, photographer
Deborah Niland (born 1950), painter, illustrator
Kilmeny Niland (1950–2009), painter, illustrator
Cady Noland (born 1956), sculptor
Cornelia Parker (born 1956), sculptor, drawing, installation artist
Elisa Pritzker (born 1955), contemporary artist
Ingrid Pollard (born 1953), portrait photographer
Valerie Pourier (born 1959), buffalo horn carver
Sheila Kanieson Ransom (born 1954), basket weaver
Shani Rhys James (born 1953), painter
Jenny Scobel (born 1955), painter
Cindy Sherman (born 1957), photographer, filmmaker
Noriko Shinohara (born 1953), multi-disciplinary artist
Li Shuang (born 1957), painter
Jiang Shuo (born 1958), sculptor
Kiki Smith (born 1954), sculptor, printmaker, installation art
Gilda Snowden (1954–2014), painter
Renee Stout (born 1958), photographer, installation art
Rumiko Takahashi (born 1957), illustrator, author
Zoja Trofimiuk (born 1952), sculptor, printmaker
Alison Turnbull (born 1956), painter, sculptor
Barbara Tyson Mosley (born 1950), American mixed media artist
Linda Vallejo (born 1951), painting, sculpture, ceramics
Carrie Mae Weems (born 1953), photographer, filmmaker
Nancy Worden (1954–2021), metalsmith
Emmi Whitehorse (born 1957), painter
Eva Janina Wieczorek  (born 1951), painter
Sue Williams (born 1956), British visual artist
Francesca Woodman (1958–1981), photographer

1960–1969

Jessica Abel (born 1969), illustrator, author
Yeşim Ağaoğlu (born 1966), installation art
Rachel Ara (born 1965), conceptual and data art
Sofia Areal (born 1960), painter
Cosima von Bonin (born 1962), concept art
Margarete Bagshaw (born 1964), painter
Fiona Banner (born 1966), wordscapes, sculpture, drawing, installation
Vanessa Beecroft (born 1969), performance art
Sonia Boyce (born 1962), mixed media, photography, installation, text
Cecily Brown (born 1969), painter
Tiffany Lee Brown (born 1969), interdisciplinary arts, performance, music, writing
Jo Bruton, b. 1967, British, painter
Michele Burgess (b. 1960), book artist
Carolyn Cole (born 1961), photographer
Justine Cooper (born 1968), mixed media
Cecilie Dahl (born 1960), installation artist
Tacita Dean (born 1965), film, drawing, photography, sound
Simone Decker (born 1968), artist working with photography and installations
Berlinde De Bruyckere (born 1964), painter, sculptor
Xiomara De Oliver (born 1967), Canadian painter
Inka Essenhigh (born 1969), painter
Mary Evans (artist) (born 1963), installation, works on paper
Abigail Fallis (born 1968), sculptor
Ceal Floyer (born 1968)
Anna Fox (born 1961), photographer
Else Gabriel (born 1962), performance artist and educator
Ellen Gallagher (born 1965), painter, mixed media artist
Patricia Goslee (born 1970), painter, curator
Brita Granström (born 1969), painter, illustrator, author
Maya Hayuk (born 1969), painter, muralist
Helen Hiebert (born 1965), paper artist
Taraneh Hemami (born 1960), multidisciplinary artist, installations, craft
Iva Honyestewa (born 1964), basket maker
Zuzanna Janin (born 1961), mixed-media, video artist, installation, sculptor
Chantal Joffe (born 1969), painter
Robin Kahn (born 1961), mixed-media, book artist
Lori Kay (born 1962), sculptor, mixed media
Hilja Keading (born 1960), video installation artist
Toba Khedoori (born 1964), sculptor, mixed-media, drawings, paintings
Rachel Khedoori (born 1964), sculptor, mixed-media
Lorena Kloosterboer (born 1962), painter, sculptor
Mariko Kusumoto (born 1967), fabric and metal artist
Zoe Leonard (born 1961), photographer, visual artist
Vera Lutter (born 1960), mixed-media
Maria Marshall (born 1966), sculptor, painter, photographer, video artist
Chie Matsui (born 1960), installation artist
Amanda Matthews (born 1968), sculptor, painter, public art designer
Shari Mendelson (born 1961), American sculptor
Julie Anne Mihalisin, (born 1965), jewelry artist
Karin Monschauer, b. 1960, Luxembourg embroiderer and digital artist
Mariko Mori (born 1967), performance, installation
Debora Moore (born 1960), glass artist
Eva Navarro (born 1967), painter
Virginia Nimarkoh (born 1967), photo installations
Audrey Niffenegger (born 1963), printmaker, author
Catherine Opie (born 1961), photographer
Janette Parris (born 1963), drawing
Olivia Peguero (born 1962), painter, sculptor, author
Priya Pereira (b. 1967) book artist
Jennifer Wynne Reeves (1963–2014), painter
Lique Schoot (born 1969), painter, photographer, installation
Linda Sikora (born 1960), ceramist
Lorna Simpson (born 1960), photographer
Jonny Star (born 1964), sculptor, installation artist, collage artist
Maud Sulter (1960–2008), portraiture, montage
Roxanne Swentzell (born 1962), sculptor
Sarah Sze (born 1969), installation art
Tomoko Takahashi (born 1966), installation art
Ningiukulu Teevee (born 1963), illustrator
Jill Thompson (born 1966), illustrator, author
Patience Torlowei (born 1964), textile artist
Verónica Ruiz de Velasco (born 1968), painter
Kara Walker (born 1969), collage artist, painter, printmaker, installation artist
Bettina Werner (born 1965), artist who invented the textured colorized salt crystal technique as an art medium
Rachel Whiteread (born 1963), sculptor
Ingrid Wildi-Merino (born 1964), Chilean-Swiss video artist
Melanie Yazzie (born 1966), sculptor, painter, printmaker
Laurie Walker (artist) (born 1962), interdisciplinary artist
Christine Wilks b. 1960, British digital artist
gwendolyn yoppolo (born 1968), ceramist
Andrea Zittel (born 1965), painter, sculptor

The list ends with artists born in 1969. For later births see List of 21st-century women artists.

See also
Women artists
List of female comics creators
List of Lulu Award winners
Women in photography
List of women photographers
Photo-Secession
Tenth Street galleries
Beaver Hall Group
Native American women in the arts
List of female sculptors
List of women artists in the Armory Show

References

Orford, Emily-Jane Hills. (2008). "The Creative Spirit: Stories of 20th Century Artists". Ottawa: Baico Publishing. .

Lists of 20th-century people

Lists of 19th-century people

Lists of artists
Modern artists
Lists of women artists

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
"First Class Treasures"
When I would board Cape Town's Metrorail, the ticket agents would usually sell me, a white-looking person, a first class ticket. One time, out of curiosity, I asked for a second-class ticket instead. The agent looked at me as if I were crazy and curtly informed me that there are only first and third class tickets. I found the omission of second class nonsensical until I reminded myself that South Africa is one of the world's most unequal countries (with a Gini coefficient second only to Namibia's). Given South Africa's history, its separation of train service into first and third classes, without designating a second class, makes sense.
Cape Town Station embodies this apartheid legacy of inequality and segregation:
The first station developments on the site date back to the mid 1800s when rail began playing an important role in the history of the early settlement at the Cape, the Boer War, the Apartheid Era and the Resistance of 1980's on. The existing station development dates back to the early 1960s when the Victorian structure on Adderley Street was demolished to make way for a modern building that embodied the policy of apartheid, through the introduction of separate concourses and entrances for people of different population groups… The challenge of the present is to re-interpret the station as a profound symbol of the city and to determine how it will influence what happens at its edges, what effect it will have on the city, what potentials it can realise and what it will represent to the people of Cape Town, South Africa and the rest of the World.
(From PRASA's Xchange Project).
Most passengers today use the First Class entrances and waiting areas, since the station areas are no longer segregated. The station's design obscures the Third Class areas, its "back doors," from passengers using the First Class facilities. To get an insight into these "back doors" that non-whites were forced to use during apartheid, I participated in a tour called "First Class Treasures," part of Cape Town's Infecting the City public art festival.
Using spoken word, music, and video, the tour was an "unusual and illuminating journey through the old and new parts of the Cape Town City Station." Jethro Louw, "the godfather of the spoken word in Cape Town," provided powerful insights into how the evolution of the railroad and the station heightened social tensions, beginning with South Africa's first steam locomotives and trains. The tour ended in the Third Class suburban concourse, a neglected hallway with more pigeons than passengers.
It was in the Third Class concourse that I saw a billboard for the Xchange Project, promising investment and renovation for the station. In the project's Basic Information Document, PRASA outlines four goals:
Reframe the role of Cape Town Station to become a vibrant, operationally efficient and dignified public transport hub at the heart of Cape Town
Re-organise spatial and functional arrangements that facilitate operational efficiencies, economic progression while driving spatial and social integration
Revitalise and re-energise the station as a sustainable destination/gateway to Metropol and hinterland
Renew public confidence in rail travel
Tellingly, this document also lists the first role of Cape Town Station as "Social and Governance" (ahead of Railway Operations, Transport, Spatial, Economy, and Environment). The stated goal of station renovation seems to be working against the station's apartheid design principles. Yet in practice, the First Class part of the station received a World Cup face-lift, while the Third Class concourse has been basically untouched. The shops there are mostly shuttered, and only a few passengers transferring from the minibus taxi rank on the station's roof still use the old, unattractive Third Class concourse. It seems that, so far, work on the Cape Town station has only increased the inequality between the two spaces and further marginalized the Third Class concourse.
Mosaic in Cape Town Station
Car loading equipment
The Red Devil
Third Class long-distance concourse
Third Class long-distance concourse, currently unused except for a bar frequented by …
Vacant store
Broken window in the passage between the Third Class concourses
Third Class suburban concourse
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May 24th, 2011 | No Comments | School Bus Migrations


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Inman just keeps winning
West Virginia hurler captures Class A Starting Pitcher of the Year Award
(West Virginia Power)
Will Inman isn't used to losing, having suffered two defeats in his first two Minor League seasons.
Inman followed a 6-0 rookie campaign with a 10-2 mark for the West Virginia Power of the South Atlantic League in 2006, earning MiLB.com's Class A Starting Pitcher of the Year Award.
Inman calls winning the driving force behind his success, but when a rare loss occurs, he admits it motivates him even more. After suffering his first professional defeat on May 21 against Greenville, the 19-year-old right-hander did not lose again for more than three months.
"It's frustrating when I lose," he said. "I'm a hard critic of myself. I always feel like I could have done better. No matter what I do, I'm always trying to win. Losing is just the end of the world to me."
The 6-foot, 200-pound Inman throws a four-seam fastball, a slurve that he can either toss as a curve or tighten into a slider and a change-up. It's confidence in that repertoire that fuels him on the mound, as well as his unwillingness to give in to any batter.
"I think the biggest thing for me to be effective was the fact I don't walk a lot of guys," Inman said. "I throw a lot of strikes. I go right after guys. I hate walking guys. I'd almost rather give up a homer than walk them and let them get on base for free.
"I try to let them put the ball in play, let the fielders behind me help me. I go after them with everything I've got. I don't have the greatest stuff ever, and I know I don't, but I treat it like I do."
Inman snagged the league's ERA title with a 1.71 mark. He put together two dominant stretches, working 26 2/3 scoreless frames while winning his first three decisions from April 13-May 16. After being sidelined with biceps tendinitis for most of June, Inman came back strong. Armed with his change-up, Inman pitched 21 consecutive scoreless frames in early July and won five straight starts from July 16-Aug. 7.
"I finally conquered a change-up midway through the season and it's proved to be a big weapon for me," Inman said. "The first half, I might have thrown a change-up once or twice in a game just to get it over. But later on in the season, after I got hurt, working on the change-up was one of the key things and getting it over for strikes at a 10-12 mph difference than the fastball with the same arm speed."
Inman had his best start of the season on Aug. 7 against Rome, allowing two hits and a walk with nine strikeouts over eight innings in a 4-0 blanking of the Braves. He threw 90 pitches and finished by retiring his last 10 batters.
"Everything was working so well," Inman said. "I was throwing the fastball and the curve. Everything kind of clicked with the change-up. I was keeping hitters off-balance with that. It was all around one of the best games I had all year."
Naturally, the best part of the performance for Inman was that it resulted in a win, bringing him a little closer to his ultimate goal.
"When I signed a Major League Baseball contract out of high school, my whole goal was to get to the Major Leagues as fast as possible and be there as long as possible," he said. "I don't want to be that guy that gets there and is average and just plays pro ball. I want to be the guy that goes out there and dominates for years and years and years and ends up in the Hall of Fame. I want to make a statement when I get there."
Eric Justic is a contributor to MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.


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GUATEMALA GROUPS
CALOR CALOR
URABEÑOS
Home ᐳ News ᐳ Analysis ᐳ Weekly InSight: Corruption, Money Laundering and Bribery at Venezuela's PdVSA
The PdVSA is connected to several US investigations
Weekly InSight: Corruption, Money Laundering and Bribery at Venezuela's PdVSA
ELITES AND CRIME / 3 AUG 2018 BY INSIGHT CRIME EN
In our August 2 Facebook Live session, Spanish Editor Ronna Rísquez spoke with Venezuelan journalist and director of media outlet El Pitazo César Batiz about recent allegations of corruption, money laundering and bribery at Venezuela's state-run oil company PdVSA.
Scandals involving Venezuelan oil company Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (PdVSA) -- the country's main source of revenue -- with possible criminal activities continue to multiply. US authorities recently detained two suspects in a criminal case filed in a Florida court for allegedly laundering $1.2 billion from PdVSA.
Batiz has investigated several instances of possible corruption and bribery at the Venezuelan oil company, and he explained that the criminal complaint filed in Florida identifies some 20 suspected participants in what the filing dubbed "Operation Money Flight."
"Of this group, eight people are fully identified, [and] it mentions nine conspirators and three Venezuelan government officials," Batiz told InSight Crime.
He went on to say that at least one former PdVSA vice president of finance could be among the suspects, but so far investigators have not determined who it could be.
Batiz described how the money laundering operation was managed between December 2014 and May 2015, through two companies, presumably the property of a Venezuelan media mogul whom the Miami Herald identified as Globovisión owner Raúl Gorrín.
"These companies loaned PdVSA 7.2 billion bolivares, which at the black-market exchange rate [Venezuela has been imposing currency controls since 2003] would be equivalent to 35 or 36 million euros [approximately $42 million]. But when exchanged at the official rate it became 511 million euros [approximately $600 million]," said the journalist.
He added that the latter amount is what one of the companies, which supposedly belongs to Gorrín, received, "and it was deposited into an account in Malta."
SEE ALSO: Special Investigation – Venezuela: A Mafia State?
During the conversation, Rísquez referred to other corruption and bribery cases linked to PdVSA that the United States has investigated, and Batiz responded that there are differences between the Florida case and other investigations. For example, a Texas court case involves bribes by companies that PdVSA contracted.
Later, Batiz explained some terms used in Venezuela that were mentioned in the Florida court's case file: "boliburgués" and "bolichicos." They refer to a portion of the Venezuelan elite that made its money by using its ties to the Chavista government to do business with state institutions and take advantage of the government's currency controls.
Watch the full conversation in Spanish below:
https://www.facebook.com/InSightCrimeEspanol/videos/1813276492092591/
ELITES AND CRIME VENEZUELA
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Gilbert De Bontridder (Ukkel, 23 mei 1944 – Maastricht, 6 augustus 1996) was een van oorsprong Belgisch beeldend kunstenaar. Als beeldend kunstenaar, docent, publicist en bestuurslid heeft hij een belangrijke bijdrage geleverd aan de kunst in Nederlands Limburg

Biografie
De Bontridder groeide op in Sint-Genesius-Rode en genoot zijn opleiding aan de Hogeschool Sint-Lukas in Brussel. Vanaf 1966 exposeerde hij werk, aanvankelijk vooral in België, zoals in de vermaarde galerie Richard Foncke in Brugge. Na een docentschap aan het zeepreventorium in De Haan, kwam hij in 1971 naar Nederland waar hij zijn studie voortzette aan de academie van Arnhem bij Peter Struycken. In 1973, hij woonde ondertussen in Heel, werd zijn werk opgemerkt door museumdirecteur Jean Leering. Die nam schilderijen van hem op in de vijfjaarlijkse tentoonstelling van jonge kunstenaars in het Van Abbemuseum in Eindhoven. Later volgden exposities in andere musea zoals in Venlo, Maastricht en Roermond. In 1984 verhuisde hij naar Maastricht waar hij in 1985 docent werd aan de Academie voor Beeldende Kunsten.

Het werk van Gilbert De Bontridder heeft zich in dertig jaar sterk ontwikkeld. In de jaren zeventig bestonden zijn schilderijen uit los naast elkaar staande kleurvelden, brede penseeltoetsen. Zo onderzocht de kunstenaar de meest elementaire mogelijkheden van de schilderkunst. Na verloop van tijd werd zijn werk complexer. De schilderijen werden 'ensembles' waarin hij fotocollages met schilderkunstige elementen tot spannende, suggestieve beelden combineerde.

Met publicaties in tijdschriften zoals Kreatief, De Spectator, Artefactum en 't Bassin wist hij vorm te geven aan zijn verlangen het kunstenaarschap een stevige theoretische basis te geven. Daarbij wist hij ontwikkelingen in de filosofie te verbinden met de belangrijke ontwikkelingen in de beeldende kunst. Dit was ook de basis voor zijn docentschap. Sinds zijn dood wordt op de Academie voor Beeldende Kunsten Maastricht jaarlijks de Gilbert De Bontridder-prijs uitgereikt aan de afstudeerder die met zijn werk een duidelijke visie over kunst kan aantonen.

Van 1985 tot 1987 was hij eindredacteur van Kunsttijdschrift 't Bassin. 't Bassin was vernieuwend doordat het in die tijd al euregionaal dacht en door het leggen van verbindingen met dichtkunst en architectuur. Na deze periode resulteerde verdere samenwerking met dichter Frans Budé nog in de bundels Navarra (1991) en Verschijningen (1996). Later publiceerde Frans Budé nog de dichtbundel Zomerplaats (1998) met tekeningen van de toen al overleden Gilbert de Bontridder. Verder was De Bontridder lid van organisaties zoals de Raad voor de Kunst en Stichting Limburgs Kunstbezit.

Monumentale werken (selectie)
In 1977 maakte De Bontridder een 4,5 bij 122 meter grote muurschildering op een van de muren van strafinrichting Overmaze in Maastricht. Steen voor steen een andere kleur.

Tentoonstellingen (selectie)

DeBontridder, Gilbert