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Clinical characteristics and prognosis analysis of uterine sarcoma: a single-institution retrospective study
Fang Wang1 na1,
Xinyue Dai2 na1,
Huijun Chen2,
Xiaoli Hu2 &
Yuanqiu Wang2
Uterine sarcomas are rare and aggressive gynaecologic malignancies, characterized by a relatively high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological features and explore the prognostic factors of these malignancies.
This was a single-institution, retrospective study. We reviewed the medical records of 155 patients with pathologically confirmed uterine sarcomas including uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS), low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS), undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS) and adenosarcoma (AS) between 2006 and 2022. A total of 112 patients who underwent surgery between January 2006 and April 2019 were included in the survival analysis. The current study recorded the clinicopathological, treatment and outcome data to determine clinical characteristics and survival.
The most common histopathological type was ULMS (63/155, 40.64%), followed by LG-ESS (56/155, 36.13%) and HG-ESS (16/155, 10.32%). The mean age at diagnosis of all patients was 49.27±48.50 years and 32.90% (51/155) of patients were postmenopausal. Fifteen patients underwent fast-frozen sectioning, 63(54.78%) were diagnosed with malignancy, 29(25.22%) were highly suspected of malignancy that needed further clarification and 23(14.84%) were diagnosed with benign disease. A total of 124(80%) patients underwent total hysterectomy (TH) and salpingo-oophorectomy. Multivariate analyses showed that histological type and tumour size were independent prognostic factors both for overall survival (OS) (p<0.001 and P=0.017, respectively) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p<0.001 and P=0.018, respectively). Tumour stage was only significantly associated with PFS (P=0.002). Elevated preoperative NLR, PLR and postmenopausal status were significantly correlated with shorter PFS and OS in univariate analysis, but no statistically significant difference was found in multivariate analysis.
In patients with uterine sarcoma, in comparison to LMS and LG-ESS, UUS and HG-ESS tend to present as more aggressive tumour with poorer outcomes. Furthermore, larger tumour (>7.5 cm) were an important predictor of shorter PFS and OS.
Uterine sarcomas are an extremely rare and varied group of gynaecologic cancers derived from uterine mesenchymal cells, that accounts for approximately 1% of female genital tract malignancies and up to 7% of uterine malignancies [1]. Their rarity and histopathological diversity lead to a lack of consensus on the risk factors for poor prognosis and optimal treatment [2]. Uterine sarcomas are divided into categories, according to the type of cell they start in. The most common histological types are uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS), endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS) and adenosarcoma (AS). Endometrial stromal sarcomas were further subdivided into low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) and high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS) by the 2014 WHO classification. Carcinosarcoma is no longer regarded as part of uterine sarcoma, but an endometrial carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation and therefore was treated as a high-grade endometrial carcinoma [3]. Uterine sarcomas tend to have a poorer prognosis and behave more aggressively than the more common types of endometrial cancer, not just due to the aggressiveness of the disease, but also the lack of specific symptoms, diagnostic technology and standard treatment [4]. The prognosis of uterine sarcoma is closely related to pathological type and optimal treatment [5]. ULMS, HG-ESS and UUS are associated with poor prognosis even when confined to the uterus at the time of diagnosis, whereas patients with LG-ESS and AS have later and less frequent recurrences [2]. Surgery remains the gold standard in the treatment of uterine sarcoma. The surgical approach depends on pathological type and tumour stage, and mainly consists in total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy [6]. There has been no consistency among various studies on the correlations between prognosis and patient age, clinical stage, tumour size and vascular invasion [7]. In this study, we reviewed 155 patients with uterine sarcomas diagnosed in our institution during the past 16 years, and retrospectively investigated the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of these malignancies.
A cohort of patients first diagnosed with uterine sarcomas who underwent surgery between January 2006 and April 2022 was collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Whenzhou Medical University. This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University with the number KY2022-R098 and written informed consent was obtained. This study was a retrospective analysis of clinical data, unrelated to human bioethics. The study was performed under the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki [8]. All methods were performed under the relevant guidelines and regulations. Pathology specimens of uterine sarcoma were reviewed by the same pathologist in our hospital. Patients diagnosed with AS, ULMS, LG-ESS, HG-ESS, and UUS, according to the 2014 WHO classification system were enrolled in this study. Pre-, intra- and postoperative data were retrieved from the medical records of our hospital. Follow-up data were obtained by medical records and telephone interviews. After excluding patients with incomplete data and those lost to follow-up, a total of 155 patients were enrolled in this study. Preoperative data included patient age at the time of diagnosis, gravity, parity, body mass index (BMI), menstrual status, manifestations at visit, blood test results and ultrasonography results. Intraoperative information consisted of the surgical procedures, and frozen section diagnosis. Postoperative data included pathologic results, stage (according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO 2009), and adjuvant treatment. A total of 112 patients with uterine sarcoma who underwent surgery between January 2006 and April 2019 were included in the survival analysis. Progression-free survival (PFS) was measured from the date of primary surgery to the date of disease recurrence or disease progression. Overall survival (OS) was defined as the time (months) from the initiation of surgery to death from any cause. The cut-off point for the survival study was April, 2022.
Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Continuous variables were compared using an independent-samples t test and are presented as the means with standard deviations. Categorical variables were assessed by using Fisher's exact test or the chi-squared test, and were expressed as numbers with percentages. The optimal cut-off values for the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Youden's index. Survival curves were calculated with the Kaplan–Meier method, and any differences in survival were evaluate with a log rank test. Univariable and multivariable survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards models. Prognostic factors significantly associated with PFS or OS in the univariate analysis were included in multivariate Cox regression analysis by backwards stepwise selection. Hazard ratios (HRs) estimated from the Cox-regression analysis were reported as relative risks with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Preoperative characteristics
The preoperative clinical characteristics of 155 patients with uterine sarcoma are shown in Table 1. The most common histopathological type was ULMS (63/155, 40.64%), followed by LG-ESS (56/155, 36.13%) and HG-ESS (16/155, 10.32%), and UUS is the rarest in our study, accounting for 3.23% (5/155). Most patients had stage 1 disease (130/155, 83.87%), 12 (7.74%) patients had stage 2 disease, 5(3.22%) had stage 3 disease and 8 (5.16%) patients had stage 4 disease. Of all these patients, only 31(20%) were suspected to have malignancies before surgery by ultrasound. Approximately 80% of uterine sarcomas are misdiagnosed preoperatively. The mean age at diagnosis of all patients was 49.27±48.50 years and 51(32.90%) patients were postmenopausal. As mentioned in the literature [9], the incidence rate varies according to age. Women with UUS, compared with those with other pathological types, tended to be older, of which 4/5(80%) were postmenopausal. The mean tumour size was 58.07±29.33 mm for AS, 80.16±36.65 mm for ULMS, 66.14±30.13 mm for LG-ESS, 61.19±35.31 mm for HG-ESS, and 94.8±47.96 mm for UUS, which was the largest. The primary presenting complaints in patients with uterine sarcoma included pelvic mass, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) and abdominal/pelvic pain. Except ULMS and UUS, the most common manifestation on examination was AUB. Intramural tumours were predominant in our study, while women with AS and UUS were more likely to have tumours that were subserosal, and were prone to having solitary masses. The preoperative serum markers CA-125, CA1-99 and LDH have limited value in the diagnosis of uterine sarcoma; abnormally elevated values occurred in less than 30% of patients.
Table 1 Preoperative clinical characteristics of 155 patients with uterine sarcoma
Intraoperative and postoperative diagnosis and treatment
A total of 39 patients underwent myomectomy as the initial surgery. Of these patients, 33(84.62%) patients underwent secondary staging operations with total hysterectomy, while 6(15.38%) patients did not undergo supplementary surgery. Finally, patients who underwent total hysterectomy (TH) and salpingo-oophorectomy, which were the most common surgical methods, accounted for 80%. Sixty-nine (44.52%) patients underwent lymph node dissection. However, in the ULMS group, only 27% of patients underwent lymph node dissection. Five patients underwent unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (UBO) because they were premenopausal at the time of surgery. More than half of the patients (84/155, 54.19%) underwent laparotomy as the initial surgery and 71(45.81%) patients underwent laparoscopy. Nineteen (12.26%) patients in our study underwent preoperative endometrial sampling or transvaginal neoplasm biopsy, and 16 were diagnosed with uterine malignancy. Of the 115 patients (including 10 patients who underwent preoperative endometrial sampling) who underwent fast-frozen sectioning, 63(54.78%) were diagnosed with uterine malignancy, 29(25.22%) were highly suspected of malignancy that needed further clarification and the remaining 23(14.84%) patients were diagnosed with benign disease. More than four-fifths of the patients (130 patients, 83.37%) were diagnosed as stage I. Approximately two-fifths (64 patients, 43.58%) of the patients received adjuvant chemotherapy, and two of them received radiotherapy at the same time. The pathological results and treatments for patients with uterine sarcoma are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Pathological results and treatments for patients with uterine sarcoma
Relationship between clinicopathologic parameters and survival
A total of 112 uterine sarcoma patients who underwent surgery between January 2006 and April 2019 were enrolled in the survival analysis. The median progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival (OS) times were 54 months (range 1-190 months) and 63.5 months (range 4-190 months), respectively. The estimated cumulative 5-year survival rates for this population were 54.9 ± 4.7% for PFS and 68.2 ± 4.5% for OS. The optimal cut-off values were 2.14 for NLR and 128.5 for PLR, according to ROC analysis. Univariate analysis suggested that tumour histological type (P<0.001), FIGO stage (I vs. II–IV: hazard ratio = 2.771, P = 0.003), tumour size (hazard ratio = 1.796, P = 0.035), menstrual status (hazard ratio = 2.264, P = 0.004), preoperative NLR (hazard ratio =1.973, P = 0.039) and PLR (hazard ratio = 2.514, P = 0.017) were all significantly associated with PFS, whereas age at diagnosis, lymphadenectomy, ovariectomy and the mode of initial surgery were not (Table 3). We found significant associations between tumour histological type (P<0.001), tumour size (hazard ratio =1.932, P = 0.031), menstrual status (hazard ratio =1.956, P = 0.032), NLR (hazard ratio =2.451, P = 0.022), and PLR (hazard ratio =3.459, P = 0.009) and OS (Table 4). Factors with significant difference in the univariate analysis were included in multivariate Cox regression analysis. The multivariate analysis results indicated that tumour histological type, FIGO stage, and tumour size were all independent prognostic factors for PFS (P<0.001, P=0.002 and P=0.018, respectively) (Table 3). The above indicators, except FIGO stage were also significantly associated with OS (all P<0.05) (Table 4). As shown in Fig. 1, tumour histological type was significantly correlated with PFS and OS (both log rank P<0.001). Patients with AS and LG-ESS tended to have better PFS and OS, and patients with UUS had the worst PFS and OS. Kaplan–Meier analysis (Fig. 2) indicated that tumour size>7.5 cm had significantly shorter PFS (P=0.032) and OS (P=0.028). Although menstrual status, NLR and PLR were not significant in multivariate analysis, they were significantly correlated with PFS and OS in univariate analysis. An NLR ≤2.14 was associated with better PFS (P=0.035) and OS (P=0.018) according to Kaplan–Meier analysis (Fig. 3).
Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses for progression free survival of uterine sarcoma patients (n =112)
Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses for overall survival of uterine sarcoma patients (n =112)
Kaplan–Meier survival curves of tumour histological types for PFS (A) and OS (B)
Kaplan–Meier survival curves of tumour size for PFS (A) and OS (B)
Kaplan–Meier survival curves of preoperative NLR for PFS (A) and OS (B)
Large sample studies of uterine sarcomas are difficult to carry out in a single institution because they are rare gynaecological tumours with diverse histological features. Our retrospective study over an 18-year period provided insights into clinicopathological features of 155 patients and explored the prognostic factors of 112 patients diagnosed with uterine sarcomas. These tumours are characterized by a relatively high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Preoperative diagnosis of uterine sarcoma is usually difficult and frequently not possible. Its diagnostic accuracy is not satisfactory. Patients are often treated for presumed uterine leiomyomas and diagnosed incidentally on hysterectomy specimen analysis [10, 11]. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a developing role in the assessment of these malignancies [12], it is unlikely to become a universal preoperative evaluation method because of its high price. The initial evaluation of all our patients was performed using pelvic ultrasound (US). As shown in Table 1, 63.87% of cases were misdiagnosed as uterine leiomyoma and 16.13% were regarded as degenerative myoma by preoperative US. The mainstay for the preoperative diagnosis of uterine malignancy is endometrial sampling [13]. Twenty-five percent of cases were determined following endometrial sampling and 65% were diagnosed with a uterine sarcoma preoperatively, as reported by a multicentre, retrospective study of 302 patients [14]. However, uterine sarcoma is not easily diagnosed by preoperative endometrial sampling because sarcomas originate in the deep muscular myometrial layer of the uterus [15]. In our study, 8/10 patients who underwent preoperative endometrial sampling and 9/9 patients who underwent transvaginal neoplasm biopsy were diagnosed preoperatively with a uterine malignancy. Among the 17 patients diagnosed with uterine malignancy before surgery, 9 patients had AS, 10 patients had endometrial stromal tumours (LG-ESS and HG-ESS) and one patient had ULMS. Most of the sampling in our study was due to abnormal uterine bleeding. Endometrial sampling in patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding may exclude uterine leiomyoma, and assist surgeons in customizing the necessary surgical scope for patients.
ULMS was the most common histopathological subtype in our institution, accounting for 40.64% of uterine sarcoma cases, which is in accordance with that in previous publications [3, 10, 16, 17], describing a range between 40% and 60% of uterine sarcomas. However, a study of 114 patients performed at four affiliated hospitals of medical colleges in western China demonstrated that LG-ESS was the most frequently reported (43.9%), followed by LMS in 29.8%, and HG-ESS in 11.4% [5]. Similar to this study, the age at presentation varies with the different histologic subtypes. Patients in the LG-ESS and ULMS groups were younger, the great majority of whom were premenopausal at diagnosis, while patients with UUS had the oldest average age. In our institution, the mean age for ULMS was 50 years, and that for LG-ESS was 45 years, whereas for UUS, the mean age was 62 years. However, our analysis shows no difference for OS and PFS, contrary to the study published by Hosh et al. [18]. They analysed 13089 patients from the SEER database and found that women aged 50 years or older had worse 5-year relative survival.
Total hysterectomy represents the standard treatment for uterine sarcomas. Whether bilateral salpingo oophorectomy (BSO) should be performed remains controversial. Ovarian preservation does not adversely affect the survival in premenopausal patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma, which has been confirmed by many studies [19,20,21]. They insisted that BSO is not required for premenopausal women with ULMS, unless the ovary is macroscopically involved. This finding is different from other series, which reported that BOS is associated with improved prognosis in ULMS [22].
ESS is known as a hormone responsive tumour and bilateral adnexectomy is recommended due to a higher risk of recurrence in women with preserved ovarian function [2, 23].
However, other retrospective studies evaluated the safety of ovarian preservation and reached conflicting conclusions. A study of 348 patients found that ovarian preservation had no effect on overall survival in LG-ESS [24]. Similarly, some scholars began to promote the consideration of preserving ovarian function in premenopausal women with LG-ESS, especially in the early stage [25, 26], but further studies with larger group of patients are needed to confirm these findings. In our study, patients who underwent BSO had no significant difference in PFS or OS compared with patients who did not. Our conclusion is supported by Nasioudis et al. [27] , who proposed that ovarian preservation was not associated with worse survival in premenopausal women with stage I uterine sarcoma. The prognostic significance of lymphadenectomy in uterine sarcoma remains unclear. Shah et al. [24] reported that 26% ((100 of 383) of LG-ESS patients underwent lymphadenectomy and the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 7% (7 of 100). They found that lymph node metastasis had no statistically significant effect on survival. Nasioudis et al. [28] recently published a study of 6412 patients evaluating the role of lymphadenectomy for apparent early stage uterine sarcoma. It was found in this report that the incidence of lymph node metastasis was low and that lymphadenectomy was not associated with better survival in patients with AS, LG-ESS or ULMS while patients with HG-ESS and UUS who underwent lymphadenectomy had better survival. No significant difference was found in PFS or OS for lymphadenectomy in our research. We also found that there was no statistically significant difference in survival among patients with any of the tumour types who underwent laparoscopic surgery compared with those who underwent laparotomy.
Various prognostic factors have been well recognized from previous retrospective data. Consistent with previous publications [16, 29, 30], we found a significant difference in prognosis with histologic type in both univariate and multivariate analyses. AS and LG-ESS presented as less aggressive diseases with favourable outcomes, with 5-year overall survival rate above 85%, HG-ESS and UUS had an adverse prognosis with 5-year overall survival rate below 40%. Pathologists have suggested abandoning the classification of uterine sarcomas as "high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma" because of the aggressive behaviour and poor outcomes [30]. UUS and HG-ESS have been reclassified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as high-grade uterine sarcomas [16]. The overall 5-year survival rate for patients with ULMS was 54%, which is agreement with the findings in a previous study that estimated 25–76% for local disease and 10–15% for metastatic disease [31]. Tumour size has been reported to be of prognostic value in uterine sarcoma. D'Angelo et al. published a retrospective study examining the effect of clinicopathologic parameters on survival outcomes in ULMS [32]. They included two medical centres from 1978 to 2008 with a total of eighty-four ULMS patients. They proposed a large tumour size (> 100 mm) was associated with a poorer prognosis. A single-institutional study also showed that tumours greater than 10 cm were an important predictor for disease-free survival [33]. This is in accordance with present study, while the cut-off value of tumour diameter in this study was 7.5 cm. Tumour stage was also considered as an important prognostic factor for uterine sarcoma, with 5-year overall survival being 50–55% for stage I disease and 8–12% for stage II–IV disease.
Li et al. [5] observed a significant association between tumour stage and overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The 3-year OS for all histological types was 75.4% for stage I, 57.1% for stage II, 33.3% for stage III and 7.1% for stage IV. This association is similar to the previous publication in ULMS and ESS [34, 35]. In our study, early stage (stage I) was associated with better PFS than advanced stage (stage II-IV), but there was no difference in OS. Although we did not find a difference in OS, this could be attributed to the following reasons. First, the number of patients in the advanced stage group was small, therefore, the study did not have the number of events required to demonstrate a significant difference between the two groups. Second, as a more aggressive uterine sarcoma, more than 80% of patients with HG-ESS and UUS were in stage I at diagnosis. Considering the association between histopathological subtype and poor prognosis, it is difficult to determine whether advanced stage has any effect on the poor outcome.
In our study, elevated preoperative NLR and PLR and postmenopausal status were significantly correlated with shorter PFS and OS in univariate analysis, but no statistically significant difference was found in multivariate analysis. The NLR was more meaningful in multivariate analysis than the other two indicators (P<0.1). Recently, Jeong et al. [36] performed a retrospective analysis of 99 patients with uterine sarcoma from 8 multicentre institutions over the last 20 years and found that a high NLR was significantly associated with worse DFS and OS, while PLR, CA125, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) failed to show significant impact.
In conclusion, uterine sarcoma is a rare tumour, with ULMS being the most frequent (40.64%), followed by LG-ESS (36.13%) and HG-ESS (10.32%). UUS and HG-ESS are more aggressive. Our study illustrated that histologic type, tumour size and tumour stage for patients with uterine sarcoma may act as independent predictors of PFS, as well as OS except tumour stage.
The datasets used in the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Code availability
Fang Wang and Xinyue Dai contributed equally to the present study.
Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
Fang Wang
Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, 325000, China
Xinyue Dai, Huijun Chen, Xiaoli Hu & Yuanqiu Wang
Xinyue Dai
Huijun Chen
Xiaoli Hu
Yuanqiu Wang
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, and data collection were performed by Yuanqiu Wang, Xinyue Dai and Xiaoli Hu, statistical analysis was performed by Yuanqiu Wang and Fang Yang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yuanqiu Wang and Huijun Chen. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Correspondence to Xiaoli Hu or Yuanqiu Wang.
The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and written informed consent was obtained.
The authors confirm that there are no conflicts of interest.
Wang, F., Dai, X., Chen, H. et al. Clinical characteristics and prognosis analysis of uterine sarcoma: a single-institution retrospective study. BMC Cancer 22, 1050 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-10129-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-10129-x
Uterine sarcomas
Histological types
Tumor size


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If you want me to make some kind of mod, ASK FOR IT OUT IN THE OPEN, by starting a thread in the garage, NOT by sending me a PM. Threads in the garage can be read by others, so they can add their ideas/suggestions as well, or they might know of an already existing mod that does what you want!
I'm usually a rather pleasant fellow, so you'd have to really work HARD to be thrown out, but if you do... This place is greasy and slippery, don't you ever forget that! You're a guest in my Garage, and I will treat you with respect as long as you do the same. Otherwise, you might accidentally end up with a spanner in your head. I'm terribly sorry for any inconvenience that may cause, but I won't be able to do anything about it.
Recently, I recieved a request in PM. I do NOT encourage private requests like that - if you can't ask for it out in the open, then I'd rather not know about it -, but that is not the point here. The topic of the request in question, however, requires that I let you all know how I feel about it.
Quote: I was trying to figure out which of your mods to get individually but I'm starting to get confused which mods are required and such. If there was a complete kit then that would make it much easier so I could pretty much plug and play.
First of all, none of my mods are required in general, although maybe one or two *might* be strongly recommended.
Secondly, *some* of my mods may depend on another mod being present, but those instances are ALWAYS clearly documented so there is no reason for anyone to get confused.
Thirdly, I do not believe in an easy plug-n-play complete package when mods for TS2 are concerned. Some mods come in multiple versions which should not be installed together and others don't work well with certain other mods present. Nothing in TS2 is plug-n-play, really.
Fourthly, even *I* don't use ALL my mods simultaneously, so I don't believe anyone else should, either. Every player has their own personal taste that cannot be satisfied by a single one-package-fits-all collection. One mod might be to your liking, but another does absolutely not what you want. So you still need to take - or make - the time to compile your own collection of choice.
Fifthly, some of my mods do require that a certain EP is - or is not - present. If I were to take that into account, I would be required to make different packs for different sets of EPs/SPs that a person might have. I'm not going to get into that hornet's nest, because that is not very plug-n-play, either!
I know that Pescado and a few others offer so-called 'complete mod-collections', but none of those are entirely plug-n-play either. There are always things that need extra attention. At Simbology, there are a plethora of threads on exactly that subject, where people start asking how to get this or that collection to work, because mods in the pack are conflicting with other mods in the same pack?
So, I'm sorry, but I believe that if I were to offer my entire oeuvre in a single package, I would not do anyone any great service, but instead add to the confusion. I'm not prepared to do that. I prefer to offer the best quality I can, not the highest quantity with the least effort.
I'm sorry to say this, but I've officially made the final decision: I must withdraw as an active modder open for requests.
For quite a while, being a modder has been fun. But it's less so now. Over the last two years, I've *very sporadically* played TS2. And though I've accepted quite a number of requests, and promised a substantial number of people that I would look into certain things, I must admit that I have done nothing at all about any of them. That being the case, I can no longer in good conscience pretend to be available for mod requests, while actually I'm not. So it's time to retire; to throw the towel in the ring; to fold my cards, count my chips & leave the table; to hang my copy of SimPE by its scrawny neck until it creaks and croaks.
When I find the time, energy and inspiration to fix whatever bugs may be outstanding in my existing mods, I will attempt to do so.
I *will* remain available for support of my existing mods, so bug reports are still welcome. And I *will* try to fix them, because I *do* believe in integrity and quality control.
And if at some time I decide that *I* need some new mod to do something nobody else has done already, perhaps I will release something new. But I'm not counting on that, and neither should anyone else. It's over.
But sending new mod requests will, as of now, be a futile exercise, a waste of time and effort, a frustrating endeavour with no positive results. Your words will fall on deaf ears, go right through them, and disappear in the trash bin. I'm officially a has-been wannabee and a deaf one at that.
A big thank you goes out to all the people who have downloaded, liked, and supported my work, and are still using them. You guys were the ones who kept me going! Another big thank you goes out to those who were brave enough to report bugs and errors, so I could have a chance to improve on them and make things worse (hehehehe). I owe you all one; a debt I intend on never paying.


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I Want To Stay In The Team For A While: Shreyas Iyer
by Prince August 12, 2019 August 14, 2019
Shreyas Iyer. (Credits: Twitter)
Shreyas Iyer made the most of his opportunity on Sunday, scoring a fine fifty against West Indies in the second ODI. With India starting a new four-year ODI cycle with an eye on the next World Cup, Iyer has started his journey on a good note. He joined Virat Kohli in the middle when India were reeling at 101 for 3.
Read More: Jofra Archer Can Ignite The Ashes Battle, Says Jos Buttler.
Kohli was looking in good touch and Iyer turned out to be the perfect partner for him. The two went on to share a century-plus stand to bat India to a position of strength. Iyer went on to score 71, helping India post a challenging total of 279. Iyer's knock was studded with five fours and a maximum. The score turned out to be more than enough in the end as India won the game by 59 runs (DLS method).
Read More: What Are The India's 2011 World Cup Winning Members Up To Now?
West Indies were all out for 210 while chasing a revised target of 270 in 46 overs. Opening batsman Evin Lewis set the tone for the chase by scoring 65 before being dismissed by an excellent one-handed catch by Kohli. At 179 for 5, West Indies were in contention to chase down the total. However, Nicholas Pooran's dismissal opened the floodgates as India took four wickets for just three runs to reduce West Indies to 182 for 8 from 179 from 5. West Indies were eventually all out for 210.
Shreyas Iyer (Credits: BCCI)
Also Read: Shreyas Iyer Is Very Confident Guy And Has The Right Attitude: Virat Kohli
Speaking at the end of the match, Shreyas Iyer said he was confident of doing well because of his familiarity with the conditions. Prior to this series, Iyer had played for India A against West Indies A. The right-handed batsman opened up on his knock before saying that he wants to get a longer rope from the team.
Read More: I Want To Stay In The Team For A While: Shreyas Iyer
"It was a fruitful day. I knew I was going to do well, I played for India A and I played in these grounds, paced my innings well and think it went well. I decided that I wouldn't take any risks, Virat told me that we needed to build a partnership and take the innings deep. He supported me very well, we took the ones and twos, hit the boundaries when it came. We decided 250 was a good score, obviously we got 30 runs extra. He told me to bat at least until the 45th over, I am thankful for what I managed," said Shreyas Iyer.
"I want to stay in the team for a while, the consistency is always important, I want to play well and contribute to the team," he added.
Also read: Extremely disappointing, Says Jason Holder As India Thrash West Indies
Tagged: Cricket News, India, India National Cricket Team, India tour of West Indies 2019, Shreyas Iyer
An avid cricket lover, I just love this game more than anything. Writing about cricket keeps me closer to the game.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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General Clark to the War Department
"Superintendency of Indian Affairs, "St. Louis, May 30, 1831. "Sir: On the 28th inst. I had the honor of receiving a letter from the Governor of Illinois dated the 28th, informing me of the measures which he had considered it necessary to pursue for the protection of the citizens of his state from Indian invasion and for the purpose of removing a band of Sacs then about Rock Island. A copy of his letter and my answer herewith enclosed. "Deeming the information received from' the Governor of Illinois important, I immediately communicated it to General Gaines who happened to be in this place at the time, and shortly after was called upon by Govern-or Reynolds himself, to whom I gave such information respecting the Sacs complained of as had come to my knowledge, and also furnished him with such of the reports of the agent for those tribes as had relation to the subject. To the Commanding General I furnished similar information; and also for the purpose of possessing him of the views of the government on that subject, I gave him copies of such of my correspondence with the War Department as had any relation there-to. "I also enclose to you copies of two reports of the agent for the Sacs and Foxes of the 15th and 28th inst. By the first it will be seen that the band complained of is deter-mined to keep possession of their old village; and it is probable from a knowledge of the disposition evinced in the matter by the Sacs and for the purpose of dispossessing them, that the Commanding General has thought proper to make a display in that quarter of a part of the force under his command, six companies of which are now leaving this place for Rock River. The expedition (be the result what it may) cannot fail of producing good effects, even should the Indians be disposed to move peaceably to their own lands; and if not, their opposition should, in my opinion, be put down at once. "I have the honor to be, with high respect, "Your most obedient servant, " WILLIAM CLARK. "The Hon. John H. Eaton, Secretary of War."


Metallicity calibrations of low-resolution parameters are potentially useful for (at least) two problems: the properties of moving groups, and the supermetallicity problem in K giants. In this paper, metallicity calibrations are derived for six sets of parameters. One of these parameters is the DDO CN index deltaCN. This parameter and three others are calibrated for use with evolved G and K stars. Two additional sets of low-resolution parameters are calibrated for use with G and K dwarfs. The calibrations are derived by comparing the input data with two catalogs of homogenized high-dispersion results from diverse authors (see Taylor 1995, 1999a). Using rms errors that are given in the catalogs, intrinsic rms errors are derived for metallicities deduced from the calibrations. The errors turn out to be comparable to those that apply for averaged high-dispersion results.
Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 139 1 (1999) 63-68.
Taylor, B. J., "Metallicity calibration of a DDO CN index and other low-resolution indices for G and K stars" (1999). All Faculty Publications. 618.


Remove the pappadum, add the poriyal. If in doubt, ask the bot. There's virtually a slew of them around, advising the health-conscious on what to eat, how, when and why. And to ensure the south Indian gets the right advice, this year will see the launch of a handful from Chennai, catering to an audience that often has to spend long minutes opening several internet windows to find just how many calories are contained in a katori of kovakkai fry.
City-based dietitian Dharini Krishnan, for instance, is into creating an app in the diet space, one that virtually handholds users for 100 days. "People usually begin a diet with gusto, but the enthusiasm wears off in days. Here we connect users — more specifically those with diabetes —to dieticians, health coaches and diabetologists who will work with them for 100 days. That should set them on the path to a lifetime of healthy choices," says Krishnan.
Another city-based dietician, Preeti Raj of Wootu, is set to launch her selfmonitoring health app in 20 days, which tells her clients and anyone else who downloads it about diet plans (catered specifically for south Indian food), as well as time reminders for food and water. "While the number of people who are health-conscious is increasing, there aren't enough dieticians to meet that demand. Apps are the way to go," says Raj.
For 48-year-old Kathiresan Shanmuganathan, his 24/7 work schedule in IT doesn't give him the time to keep track of his diet the "old fashioned way". "I did try a dietician, but between fixing an appointment, and then actually heading there, I figured apps would be an easier way to keep track of my nutrition," says Shanmuganathan, who uses Tweak and Eat, an AIpowered wellness app that instantly analyses the nutritive content of food he photographs and then suggests "tweaks" to make it healthier. "It allows me to make real-time adjustments to what I am eating," he says. Shanmuganathan says he was most impressed when he "informed" the AI-enabled app that he would like to eat three dosas in front of him instead of his usual set of two as he was hungrier than usual, and the bot immediately suggested he try and reduce the accompaniments then.
Narayanan Ram, the Chennai-born founder of Purple Teal, which created the Tweak And Eat app, says bots receive 500 tweaks a day now, since the launch a year ago. "The AIenabled platform is the first level, where the food extracts are recognized and suggestions are made. It can differentiate between deep-fried and grilled, stir-fried or baked food. The second level is where it is sent to nutritionists across the globe who also offer suggestions," says Ram.
People are always thinking about the food they eat, and want advice on it instantly, says Ram. "That is perhaps why this segment is exploding." One of the first AI-enabled 'nutritionists' in India is Ria, launched two years ago by HealthifyMe.
"But there are few apps that can tackle south Indian food. I am a Chennai boy. I know how difficult it is to calculate the calories in every bit of a thali spread. Here, one photo is all you need to tell you why you need to immediately stop reaching for that pappadum," he says.


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IG Audits FAA Over Drone Waiver Process
By Deborah D McAdams 19 April 2017
WASHINGTON— Drone regulations are drawing scrutiny. The inspector general's office of the U.S. Department of Transportation is auditing the waiver process used by the Federal Aviation Administration to allow operations now prohibited under the rules adopted last June for unmanned aircraft weighing less than 55 pounds. These include flying out line-of-sight, flying over people, and night-time operations.
"According to FAA, since the rule was implemented in August 2016, the Agency has received over 1,000 applications for waivers and granted over 300 of them to UAS operators," the DOT audit memo stated. (Click memo image to bring up .pdf version.)
The IG noted in an audit report issued last December that the FAA needed to streamline its waiver process to keep pace with the requests, "especially for operations already considered to be a low safety risk by the agency." The IG also found that the FAA provided limited oversight of exempted drone operators that did not have an "established risk-based safety oversight process."
The memo, authored by Matthew E. Hampton, assistant inspector general for Aviation Audits, further said, " It is still unclear what type of oversight FAA will provide for this new technology, as we found that FAA lacks a robust data reporting and tracking system for UAS activity, and aviation safety inspectors received limited training and guidance on UAS oversight. Given the significant safety implications of integrating UAS into the National Airspace System and the increasing number of both requested and approved UAS waivers, we are initiating an audit of FAA's current approval and oversight processes for UAS waivers."
The audit commenced this month and is being conducted out of FAA headquarters.
Current FAA rules restrict "flight over people," with the exception of individuals in parked vehicles, and subject to waiver on a case-by-case basis. The agency intended to complete rules for flight over people by by now. (See, "FAA to Propose Drone Flight Over People Rule by Winter.)
Learn more at the upcoming National Drone Show, Nov. 29-30, at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in Washington, D.C.
"FAA Tests Drone Zappers at Denver Int'l Airport"
The goal of the Denver tests was to punk the drone-detection systems using multiple drones flying during a variety of weather conditions both day and night.
CNN announced this week that it became the first organization to be granted a waiver by the Federal Aviation Administration to fly unmanned aerial systems over people in the United States.
"FAA Drone Rules Go Into Effect"
The regulations adopted on June 21, 2016 officially take effect today, Aug. 29.
"CNN Creates Drone Unit"
CNN was selected by the FAA as one of the first three industry "Pathfinders" to develop safe uses of UAS in newsgathering.
"FAA to Propose Drone Flight Over People Rule by Winter"
Federal regulators will address drone flight over people in a proposal due out for comment this winter.


Nine Ball hop-up bucking seal is perhaps the most popular hop-up bucking for sniper rifles. Extremely dense structure, low energy loss and even flightpath are all intact. So, if you want to exchange your hop-up bucking in one go for a very decent one, choose Nine Ball! When testing it with your hands, the bucking is slightly softer than the Lonex equivalent.


'Origin' is the name for my latest collection of textile products. It not only represents my deep interest in nature and its composition, patterns, colours and inseparable connection with man-made structures, but also explores the ideas of sustainability in textiles.
The collection features linen fabrics and woollen threads dyed with plant-based dyes. The colours and patterns created in the dyeing process are merged with embroidery. The hand stitched patterns are based on the structures found in nature, either looking from far or getting into detail through the microscopic images. See my Pinterest board for the inspiration behind the drawings.
Follow the development and find out more details on the type of products you might find in the collection on Instagram.
The fabrics and threads I am using for this collection are dyed using chokeberries, ashberries, hawberries, leaves, onion peel and wood bark. For the fibres to bind with these natural substances alum is used.
What I like about using natural dyes is the ease of modifying the tones and how the colours stay flexible throughout their life cycle by reacting to the sun, rain or other conditions. I also enjoy exploring the nature looking for plants and seeing the different results they create on fabrics. The overall process is very appealing, however it comes with its challenges and side effects.
Even though I previously worked with natural dyes, I still find it quite difficult to get hold on brighter tones. Also this process requires a lot of time and large amounts of plant dyestuff to produce colours. And one more thing, in order for the colour to actually bind with the fibre it needs some sort of chemical mordant (such as alum). So when you put all of these things together, dyeing with natural dyes doesn't seem as sustainable as it might seem from the beginning, especially if applied on an industrial scale.
So if this isn't the best way to colour the fabrics we use for clothing or decorating our homes, what is it? I am following the latest trends in the search for more sustainable ways and so far the most promising seems to be bacteria-based dyes. Hopefully soon this is going to revolutionise the whole textiles industry.


Our season is wrapping up nicely, this will be our last of the season.
We would like to thank you for the amazing winter we have had with you.
We hope you have had as much fun as we have!
The children have been stars along with the adults, and group lessons and have gone better than we ever could have asked for.
The weather has been idyllic this past month, with very good snow conditions.
La marque The Snow School est propriété du syndicat local de l'Ecole Ski Français de Morzine. Les moniteurs adhèrent au SNMSF.
© The Snow School. All rights reserved.


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A male lion in Kenya's Masai Mara National Reserve strikes a regal pose. Although this lion is protected from trophy hunters, other African lions—particularly in southern African nations—are not so fortunate. US policy on trophy hunting is in limbo: The US Department of the Interior is touting its supposed economic benefits and seeking to lift restrictions on trophy imports. President Trump, however, seems of a different mind on the matter (see page 14). Many airlines, meanwhile, have taken a clearer stand, denying transport of trophies taken from Africa's "big five"—lions, elephants, rhinos, leopards, and buff aloes (see page 10).
Caregivers in Research Say Animals Calmed by Conversation
A LAREF Discussion This past December on AWI's Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum (LAREF), a question posed by Erik Moreau prompted a discussion on whether talking to animals in a laboratory setting helps reduce...
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One of the latest signs of progress in the effort to convince law enforcement agencies to take animal cruelty seriously is the uptick in the creation of animal cruelty units in police departments and offices...
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The Des Moines Register published an editorial on November 13, 2016, entitled "Why won't the USDA shut down this serial animal abuser?" The paper of record for the state of Iowa—one of the biggest puppy...
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In a split decision, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has partially affirmed the district court's findings that an Idaho "ag-gag" law is unconstitutional. The Idaho law was passed under the guise of protecting farmers...
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Drawing a Curtain on Cruel Confinement of Veal Calves
The end of cruel confinement methods for veal calves in the United States is drawing ever closer. In 2007, the American Veal Association (AVA) pledged to transition away from solitary crates and neck tethers to...
Good Food Purchasing Program Promotes Animal Welfare
In 2012, the Los Angeles Food Policy Council set out to transform the city's food purchasing system into a more sustainable model that prioritizes the environment, animal welfare, and the local economy. The council did...
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AWI Files Suit to Save Vaquita
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AWI Sues over Access to Tilikum Necropsy
AWI filed suit in January against the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) related to the agencies' refusal to enforce requirements for SeaWorld Parks and Entertainment to submit...
AWI Welcomes Increased Clamor over Ocean Noise
AWI has long been involved in the issue of anthropogenic ocean noise directly or indirectly generated by the military, the oil and gas industry, commercial shipping, and scientific research. Marine animals use sound for essential...
Captive Orca Gets Day in Court
On January 23, in Utrecht, the Netherlands, an appeals court heard the arguments of the Free Morgan Foundation (FMF) for revoking the certificate (permit) that allowed the orca known as Morgan to be transferred from...
Switzerland Bans Live Boiling of Lobsters
The traditional method of cooking lobsters is to boil them alive. In January, the Swiss Federal Council passed a law deeming this practice inhumane and requiring that lobsters and other crustaceans be stunned, rendering them...
Vancouver Aquarium Calls It Quits on Cetacean Display
After many years of resisting the clear trend of history regarding the captive display of cetaceans, the Vancouver Aquarium has finally conceded: On January 18, the aquarium's management announced that it would no longer display...
2018: The Year of the Bird
The International Union for Conservation of Nature assessed more than 740 newly recognized bird species in 2016 and found that 13 of these species were already extinct—before they'd even been recognized as distinct species. While...
Airlines Put Hunting Trophies on Infrequent-Flyer List
Safari hunting has suffered a few setbacks recently. Ever since American dentist Walter Palmer bungled the killing of a well-known Zimbabwe lion named Cecil in 2015, international outrage has stung the industry, resulting in a...
AWI Promotes Animal Protection at CITES Standing Committee Meeting
The 69th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), held November 27 to December 1, 2017, in Geneva, Switzerland, featured more than...
Costa Rica Adopts Enlightened Wildlife Rules
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Name Brands Complicit in Kangaroo Slaughter
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Sanctuary Secured for Longsuffering Elephant
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USDA Proposes Letting Industry (Secretly) Police Itself
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Zinke Zaps Migratory Bird Treaty Act
On January 11, AWI wrote to Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke requesting that his department halt its plan to eliminate certain protections for migratory birds. This plan, released in late December, would reverse an Obama administration...
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The Inner Life of Animals
In The Inner Life of Animals: Love, Grief, and Compassion— Surprising Observations of a Hidden World, author Peter Wohlleben expertly blends anecdote, personal observation, scientific conclusion, and inference from physiology and behavior to show us...
Wolf Nation
Wolf Nation: The Life, Death, and Return of Wild American Wolves tackles the very difficult issue of human coexistence with wolves and how polarizing it has become—pitting federal against state governments, rural against urban, unfettered...


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Nationalism in Russia is played out on several registers. It is the instrument by which the ruling elites succeed in effacing (at least superficially) their internal divisions and unifying the political spectrum under their banner. It can also be likened to a new form of state-proposed social contract, an attempt to remobilise society to its advantage by drawing on those elements of its cultural reservoirs that form a consensus around the theme of patriotism. Lastly, for the tiny proportion of the population committed to radical right-wing parties, it makes it possible to mobilise against the "other" at a time when massive social discontent is being expressed in xenophobic terms. Nationalism is therefore akin to an amalgam that reveals the multiplicity of current social and cultural experiences in contemporary Russia. Through nationalism, those who have lost out as a result of the reforms formulate their critique of the present and their nostalgia for the past, whereas the elites and the middle classes that have gained from these changes express their satisfaction and belief that Russia will win the game of globalisation.


text:
A bright spot in dark times: Congress advances a major public-lands package
REUTERS/Zach GibsonThe U.S. Senate voted overwhelmingly last week to add nearly 700,000 acres to the people's recreation and conservation lands.As the news from Washington swirled around examples of political paralysis, the U.S. Senate voted overwhelmingly last week to add nearly 700,000 acres to the people's recreation and conservation lands.
Also, to expand by 1.3 million acres the public lands designated for especially strict protections as wilderness areas.
Also, to enlarge the nation's Wild and Scenic Rivers inventory by 620 miles of waterway in seven states. Also, to protect rivers in the Yellowstone ecosystem, as well in Washington and Oregon, from the ravages of hardrock mining drainage, by permanently withdrawing the right to extract minerals on adjoining federal lands.
Also, to give permanent, rather than periodic, authorization to the Land and Water Conservation fund, in which revenues from offshore oil production — now running about a billion dollars per year — are to be reserved for projects like the foregoing.
There is more, much more, in the 660-some pages of S. 47, the Natural Resources Management Act, for which Alaska Republican Lisa Murkowski and Washington Democrat Maria Cantwell provided principal leadership. But now you know the highlights.
These are exactly the sorts of federal effort to which Donald Trump has displayed indifference if not mockery and sometimes a raging hostility. And yet the White House is expected to give its blessing to what, by general agreement of the environmental commentariat, is the most extensive advance in protecting public lands and waters for at least 10 years. (Which includes, of course, the tenure of Trump's predecessor.)
Or, possibly, for an entire generation. That's the judgment over at the Washington Post, whose writers found something like redemption for American governance in this bipartisan melding of more than 100 separate bills into a single instrument that gained 92 votes (all the Democrats and Independents, plus 45 Republicans):
There were compromises that delivered a little something for everyone across the ideological spectrum, even if no one really got everything they wanted. Unlike so much legislation that gets drafted at the last minute and passed in the middle of the night, this circulated and percolated for years. There were hearings, markups and good-faith negotiations. When a handful of holdouts tried to insert poison pills during the amendment process to torpedo the bill, Republicans and Democrats stuck together. It was old-school and harked back to a time when Congress worked.
The result is that 1.3 million acres are poised to be newly designated as wilderness, 370,000 acres just outside two national parks would be saved from mining, 620 miles of river in seven states would be protected from damming and development, and more than 380 species of birds would see their habitats protected through 2022. Amazingly, the Congressional Budget Office predicts the legislation would wind up saving money for taxpayers [about $9 million]. The bill is expected to sail through the House after the Presidents' Day recess, and the White House has signaled support.
The nays, for the record, were cast by Wisconsin's Ron Johnson, Texas' Ted Cruz, Oklahoma's James Inhofe and James Lankford, Utah's Mike Lee, Kentucky's Rand Paul and Nebraska's Benjamin Sasse. But one can't help but note that the yeas' tally makes the measure more than veto-proof, should the White House change course.
Big gains in the Southwest
It is difficult to discern any pattern in the opponents' objections. The most prominent was offered by Utah's Lee, who briefly killed the bill in December over his insistence on the zany idea that the Beehive State should be exempted from further creation of national monuments by presidential authority.
Now it's poised to get one by Congressional action: the 2,500-acre Jurassic National Monument. Not a whole lot of land, about four square miles, but it is said to have "one of the largest concentrations of dinosaur bones in the world," according to a post at progressive.org. And now its "paleontological, scientific, educational and recreational resources" will be preserved.
This action looks especially tiny compared to the extension of wilderness designation to some 661,000 acres — more than half the new wilderness in the entire bill — of just one Utah county, Emery (which got back 75,000 other acres it can now use for development).
After Utah, the biggest wilderness gainer appears to be New Mexico, with more than a quarter-million acres in a dozen parcels, 10 at the Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks National Monument and two at the Rio Grande del Norte National Monument.
And though it's not quite the same level of protection as wilderness or national monument status, the permanent withdrawal from development of mineral rights on more than 370,000 acres — 30,000 of them on U.S. Forest Service land adjoining Yellowstone National Park, the rest uncomfortably close to North Cascades National Park in Washington state, on Flagg Mountain and above the Methow River.
This withdrawal is, of course, the kind of bold and long overdue stroke that was moving toward final approval for protection of the Boundary Waters and Rainy River watersheds as Trump took office, only to be reversed in a giveaway to the holders of expired mineral leases.
Unfortunately, the Yellowstone-area withdrawal required unanimous support of the Congressional delegation in Montana — the Treasure State, with a history and culture shaped even more deeply by mining than Minnesota's, where the delegation is split and likely to remain so.
Wild and scenic rivers
Regarding S.47's advances on stream protection, I can't do better than quote from the expert analysis at American Rivers, which counts 620 miles of new Wild and Scenic Rivers in seven states:
56 miles of new designations the for tributaries for the Rogue River, the Molalla, and Elk Rivers in Oregon;
110 miles of the Wood-Pawcatuck Rivers in Rhode Island and Connecticut;
76 miles of Amargosa River, Deep Creek, Surprise Canyon and other desert streams in California;
63 miles of the Green River in Utah;
62 miles of the Farmington River and Salmon Brook in Connecticut;
52.8 miles of the Nashua, Squannacook and Nissitissit Rivers in Massachusetts and New Hampshire.
The new national monuments, in addition to the Jurassic in Utah, includes the Medgar and Myrlie Evers home in Mississippi, to honor their work for civil rights, and two Civil War sites in Kentucky: the battlefield at Mill Springs, and a Union Army hospital and recruiting venue at Camp Nelson. Also, the site of the Saint Francis Dam near Los Angeles, whose collapse in 1928 took 431 lives.
Additions of new acreage to a half-dozen existing federal properties include major expansions at Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks, both in California, and Ocmulgee National Monument in Georgia.
But in general, the provisions dealing with park holdings tended to be minor adjustments to boundaries, shifts in management authority, or approval of land exchanges to address ownership of non-federal parcels with park units.
Changes at Voyageurs National Park
This was the case in the only Minnesota example I found in the bill, concerning Voyageurs National Park (pages 394-397). Finding the language there a bit opaque, I called on Christine Goepfert, associate director for the Midwest region of the National Parks Conservation Association, for an explanation.
She told me that for historical reasons, unrelated to mining claims or mineral leases, the Bureau of Land Management has retained authority over several dozen islands within the park, although the National Park Service has been the actual manager. S. 47 effectively transfers full control of these islands from the BLM to the NPS.
Also, the bill authorizes an exchange involving a parcel of state-owned land within the park boundary and a federal parcel that lies beyond. There has been local interest in the swap, she said, especially among hunters; shooting game is illegal in national parks, even on parcels that lie outside the park proper.
In all, Goepfert said, the changes authorized by the new bill bring no changes to the park's contiguous boundary, nor any other modifications that would be notable to the average park visitor. However, she said they illustrate the importance of permanent authorization for the Land and Water Conservation Fund, which has been allowed to expire from time to time — twice in the last three years, in fact.
Congress still retains authority to set the level of annual expenditures, and typically has spent only about half the funds potentially available to both federal and state programs. But removing the fundamental uncertainty of authorization, Goepfert said, raises the confidence of land managers that when opportunities for small boundary adjustments and land exchanges arise, there will be LWCF money to get the deal done.


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Egypt farmer held for naming donkey after top general
An Egyptian farmer has been arrested for putting the name of the country's military chief General Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and an army cap on his donkey, state media said Saturday.
(AFP) An Egyptian farmer has been arrested for putting the name of the country's military chief General Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and an army cap on his donkey, state media said Saturday.
Omar Abu al-Magd Ali al-Saghir, 31, was arrested late on Friday in the central province of Qena for allegedly insulting the general, state news agency MENA reported.
The farmer was arrested after he rode the donkey through his home village in an act deemed "directly insulting" to the army, MENA said.
Sisi, who ousted Islamist president Mohamed Morsi on July 3, is vice prime minister and defence minister as well as army chief.
He is hugely popular among the large segment of Egyptian society that called for Morsi's ouster, and his portrait is displayed in shop windows, in cars and on walls in the Arab world's most populous country.
Since Morsi's ouster, the authorities have launched a massive crackdown on Islamists who regularly call anti-military protests.
Films of the week


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Dear SRK, thank you for 'Pathaan'
A letter from a die-hard fan to his biggest idol, the Badshah of Bollywood.
Jan 25, 2023 | by Adit Ganguly
Dear King Khan,
I hope this letter reaches you via your manager or social media team, one way or the other. Like your many fans around the world, I have never had the chance to meet you. I've just seen you on the screen, cheered you on standing among the crowd at Mannat, and wished that one day, I will get to meet my idol. If a fan can meet his idol (both played by you) in Fan, this one definitely harbours the hope to do so. And if we're talking about hope and a happy ending, Picture abhi baaki hai mere dost.
The Bollywood buff in me is immensely grateful for the impact that you've had on my life. A reason why I have never worn contact lenses in my entire life is because I saw how you fumbled with them in Baazigar. While I don't remember much about my maternal grandmother, I do remember the last film she saw, Dil Toh Paagal Hai, because I was seated beside her in the theatre. Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani taught me more about press law and ethics than any media textbook. While Kal Ho Na Ho gave me life lessons on how to enjoy life to the fullest, Om Shanti Om taught me about hope and how it isn't over until it's a happy ending. You were the teacher I never had and every film of yours has been an absolute masterclass. I have had dates at Maratha Mandir where I, to this very day, enjoy Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge as if I'm watching it for the very first time.
So you see, SRK, I am what I am because of you. Be it iconic dialogues, or your songs, many of them have been quoted in the love letters I have written. Right from being someone who loves watching movies, to being a hopeless romantic, and sometimes extremely cheesy, I am what I am because of you today. And I thank you for Pathaan, from the bottom of my heart.
Four years, one month and four days. That's how long I've waited to see you on the big screen. It's been a long wait but one that's been absolutely worth it. Yes, I screamed from my seat when I saw you in Brahmāstra: Part One-Shiva, but I knew that the best was yet to come. These four years, I have wondered whether my favourite actor will ever be able to rule the box office like he always did. I, like every single fan of yours, wanted to see you on the big screen at the very earliest—seeing you occasionally during the Indian Premier League or in an advertisement was never going to cut it. The world needed you, the world needed the Badshah of Bollywood to be back.
And back you were! You teased us with a glimpse of what's in store in Jawan and Dunki, and in November you gave me the best birthday gift with the release of Pathaan's teaser. And then began the countdown to January 25. Tick-tock, tick-tock. What followed was a song that got the entire nation talking and another that just added to the excitement.
Despite the building excitement, it was only last night that it really sunk in that I was just a few hours away from watching YOU on the big screen. I reached the theatre early. I was smiling ear to ear. I hadn't cheered during a film in a long, long time. For one, you've done a movie after a long time and two, it's an action movie—a genre that you haven't explored much before. It is highly commendable. I didn't care much about the plot, the story, or the character development because I was just happy to see the King return to his throne.
Considering your fans will be reading this, it's important to also tell them what they'd like in the movie. If cinephiles were looking for an out-and-out spy thriller, you've given us just that with Pathaan. From winning hearts, to now saving the day, watching you, the king of romance, turn into an action hero brought the same smile to my face that I had when I watched your previous movies. We were looking for something massy, something that played to the gallery and lived up to the hype. Be it the high-octane action sequences—my favourite one being on a train (no Chaiyya Chaiyya this time)—or the song at the very end where my jaw dropped to the floor seeing your abs, or throwing punch for punch against John Abraham, you've made each and every scene worth our while.
Come to think of it, Pathaan had all the ingredients of what one would call a masala potboiler. Boy did we need one so badly! It had slow-motion entries, a good vs. bad battle that had us at the edge of our seats, stunning locations, and a very sexy SRK. If this is how you're going to be in action movies, then here we are, the first to stand in line for the tickets.
You're the king and today, you've proved that you always will be.
— Adit, a fan, who hopes to meet you one day.
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"You are admired for your adventurous ways."
"Life to you is a dashing and bold adventure."
"You will have many friends when you need them."
"A good way to keep healthy is to eat more chinese food."
"An optimistic attitude is half of success."
"Your observations are useful to others."
"You find beauty in ordinary things, do not lose this ability."
What are your favorite fortune cookie sayings that you've gotten?


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If you're not happy for whatever reason please let us know. You may return any unwanted purchase to us in its original condition within 14 days of the purchase date or any faulty/damaged goods may be returned to us within 30 days of the purchase date. You must pay the return postage unless we have made an error or the product is defective.
If you've ordered the wrong product or changed your mind, please contact as soon as possible and we can cancel your order before it is shipped or you can log into your account and cancel the order from there.


The Kirkuk office of the Iraqi commission of Integrity said they have managed to return five properties worth a total of 3 billion Iraqi dinars (US$ 2.5 million) to the state.
The statement added that their teams returned three other properties which were originally owned by the ministry of municipalities and the Kirkuk directorate of municipality, and were also used for commercial and residential purposes.
The commission indicated that arrest warrants have been issued against all those involved in the acts of encroachment.
Meanwhile, the commission declared that 66 suspects accused of encroaching on archaeological sites in Mosul have been arrested. The sites were used for commercial purposes.


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The Local Music Hall offers entertainment for all ages two nights a week. Wednesday is "Jam Night" for anyone that wants to sit in and join the fun. Saturday night is live entertainment night which may include Big Band, Dixieland, Blues and Jazz. Donations are accepted.


Relax on the beautiful wrap around porch while enjoying the seashore breezes, picturesque river views, & watching the passing boats on the Shrewsbury River. You will also enjoy beautiful sunrises & views of the historic Twin Lights Lighthouse. This raised and renovated 4 bedroom shore colonial is located on the Northern Jersey shore & is perfect for a weekend retreat from the city or all year round living. Designed & renovated to retain some original charm while bringing it into modern standards of living. The first floor features 9' ceilings, large foyer with lots of charm, cozy living room features views of the river & decorative moldings, pretty dining room with decorative moldings, awesome kit features plenty of cabinetry, pantry, granite counters, along with a center island.


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Q: Log4j version 2 not logging I'm updating log4j to version 2.17.1 for my application (it's not actually mine, but it is for my company's project, so i must follow all my company standard).
To configure log4j we use a log4j2.xml stored on server file system.
My application is .ear EE application which is structured this way:

*

*libs folder containg all externals libraries

*META-INF folder containing application descriptors

*myapp.jar containing ejb modules

*myapp.web containing web app descriptors

We configure log4j2 by code passing the path of log42.xml file located in app server file system:
LoggerContext context = (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
context.setConfigLocation(new File(log4jConfFileName).toURI()); //the path where log42.xml is stored in app server file system
context.updateLoggers();

This is the log4j2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration monitorInterval="30">
    <Appenders>
        <RollingFile name="main_file_appender"
            filePattern="${sys:logfile.path}/myapp/myapp.%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH}.log">
            <PatternLayout
                pattern="%d{DEFAULT} - %-5level [%c{1}] %X{clientId}- %msg%n" />
            <Policies>
                <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy />
            </Policies>
        </RollingFile>
    </Appenders>

    <Loggers>
        <Root level="off" />
        <Logger name="com.mycomp.myapp" level="debug">
            <AppenderRef ref="main_file_appender" />
        </Logger>
        <Logger name="com.mycomp.devicehandlers" level="debug">
            <AppenderRef ref="main_file_appender" />
        </Logger>
        <Logger name="com.mycomp.switchcommons" level="trace">
            <AppenderRef ref="main_file_appender" />
        </Logger>
        <Logger name="com.mycomp.basewebapp" level="debug">
            <AppenderRef ref="main_file_appender" />
        </Logger>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

The line of java code previously showed it is written in a servlet stored in a library under /libs folder of my application. When the servlet starts, it loads the log4j2.xml through that java code shown before
When I deploy this application in WebSphere application server, all the loggers work.
The problem occurs when I deploy my application into JBoss application server (version 7.1): the application is able to log all the stuff contained in the classes of all libraries under "/libs" folder, but it is not able to log the stuff of classes contained in myapp.jar (as shown before).
So the classes under "com.mycomp.myapp" does not log anything because they are located in myapp.jar, while the classes under "com.mycomp.devicehandlers", "com.mycomp.switchcommons" and "com.mycomp.basewebapp" can log everything because those packages are stored in libraries under /libs folder of my .ear EE application (in fact library names are respectively devicehandlers.jar, switchcommons.jar and basewebapp.jar. basewebapp.jar contains the servlet that initialize the logging context with that java code shown before).
I tried all solutions possible, but nothing works. I tried to change the jboss-deployment-structure.xml in all the ways possible. There's no difference if I try to change the logger name from "com.mycomp.myapp" into any string. I cant't change the struct of the ear application so libs must stay in /libs folder and myapp.jar must stay where it is. I tried to use different ways to initialize the java context like this:
Configurator.initialize(servletContext.getServletContextName(), null, log4jConfFileName);

or this:
Configurator.initialize(null, log4jConfFileName);

This is application.xml under META-INF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<application xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/application_6.xsd" version="6">
  <display-name>myapp 1.23.5-RC</display-name>
  <module>
    <web>
      <web-uri>myapp.war</web-uri>
      <context-root>/myapp</context-root>
    </web>
  </module>
  <module>
    <ejb>myapp.jar</ejb>
  </module>
  <library-directory>libs</library-directory>
</application>

How can I make the classes under "com.mycomp.myapp" to log in JBoss 7.1? Did anyone experience the same problem?

A: We have fixed the problem. The problem was caused by LogManager.getLogget log4j2 method. We are using log4j 1-2 bridge library and the old Logger.getLogger method.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


On Today's Show: The OFFICIAL Stormblood launch has started! Hear what Fans and the Crew have to say.
With Stormblood officially underway for the masses, the Hosts take calls from the fans on what they like and don't like about the newest expansion. Plus, MassivelyOP and Kotaku release interviews with Yoshida that shed some interesting light on recent hot LBR topics.
← See Susan Calloway Perform LIVE in Michigan!


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Milford zoners OK rehab of old military housing (video)
Brian McCready, Milford Bureau Chief
MILFORD -- If the U.S. government ever plans to construct another missile base in the city, it's going to need to construct another military housing complex.
The Planning and Zoning Board voted unanimously late Tuesday to approve developer John Horton's proposal to renovate 15 single-family housing units along Alpha Street that were the homes of U.S. military personnel for 52 years. The units were used as rental housing until 2009 by the Coast Guard.
"I'm thrilled," said Horton, of Orange. "It's been a long process. It provides housing that is needed in the area. It will be affordable housing for older and younger people. It's reasonably priced."
He said he hopes to begin major renovations and construction as soon as possible, and the first unit should be completed in 10 months. Horton said each single-family home will have its own backyard, and each unit will be priced in the low $200,000 range.
The rental homes were ordered built in 1957 because Milford was one of 35 Nike missile base sites in New England. There were 12 such sites in Connecticut. Though the Milford base was decommissioned in 1963, the single-family homes were still used by members of the U.S. Coast Guard as rental housing until 2009.
Horton purchased the 3.43-acre parcel from the U.S. government in 2010, and will renovate both the interior and exterior of each existing home. Each renovated home would become part of a condominium association. All of the renovated homes would receive hardwood floors, ceramic tile, granite counter tops in the kitchen, and new appliances.
Horton said the project will blend in well in Milford because the units will be ranch style. During the meeting, commissioners expressed support for the project. Some questions were raised regarding extending a sidewalk, and how the mail should be delivered.
PZB Chairwoman Susan Shaw told Horton she appreciated his efforts on the project.
Call Brian McCready at 203-789-5719 and follow me on Twitter @nhrbmccready. To receive breaking news first - simply text the word nhnews to 22700. Standard msg+data rates may apply.