We all know that Ontario needs real political change. The GPO Leader's Tour is designed so we can listen to your thoughts and uncover the issues you are passionate about. This way Greens can drive the kind of political change in Ontario that truly matters to you.
Mike Schreiner and team just completed stops for the GPO Leader's Tour in Orillia, Oro-Medonte, Innisfil and Barrie. See highlights below.
Mike at Orillia's Bird House Nature Company, chatting about conservation issues in the area.
Visiting Charles Pachter's home studio in Orillia with members of local community. Chatted about reclaiming spaces for community development and art projects and the transformative power of space as an area for social and artistic growth. Members of the community are seeking provincial support for the Huronia Cultural Campus.
At the Orillia Farmers' Market, chatting about honey production and how the use of neonicotinoids have disrupted bee populations.


Al-Futtaim Toyota starts the year on a high note with the launch of the region's first automotive prepaid card in partnership with Noor Bank, MasterCard and Flex-e-card. The Toyota Rewards Card, offers customers buying a new Toyota up to AED 10,000 cashback on the card, which can be used across Toyota Service Centers, a diverse portfolio of Al-Futtaim brands and other retail outlets in the UAE.
Customers who take advantage of the Toyota Rewards Card will also be able to access special benefits including 25% off all parts, 20% off all labor, 10% off on select accessories, 10% off on rear seat entertainment for select Toyota models, with many more benefits to be added.


Eagle gymnast, Shannon Winchester competed at the Rock N Roll Invitational at Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School this past Saturday.
Highlights from her competition were a 3rd place finish on the balance beam, 4th on the uneven bars and 7th in the all-around. She is set to compete next on January 25th at Magnificat High School.


Stealing 20 yards of linen cloth valued at 20s belonging to Ann Bramley and her daughter Mary Baldwinson of Knaresborough ; transportation 7 years Lent 1773.
TNA: ASSI 42/8. Calendar of Felons, 6 Mar 1773; 24 Jul 1773.
Breaking and entering at night (with Joseph Simpson) the dwelling house of Ann Tuton at Knaresborough and stealing goods to the value of 39s; transportation 7 years Lent 1773.
TNA: ASSI 41/6; ASSI 42/8. Calendar of Felons, 6 Mar 1773.
Breaking and entering at night (with Thomas Leuty) the dwelling house of Ann Tuton at Knaresborough and stealing goods to the value of 39s; transportation 7 years Lent 1773.
Stealing 3 silver spoons valued at 15s belonging to James Jackman of the parish of St Martin, City of York; transportation 7 years Lent 1774.
TNA: ASSI 41/6; ASSI 42/8.
Stealing 12 guineas and other gold and silver coin from the dwelling house of John Harland at North Otterington; transportation 7 years Lent 1774.
TNA: ASSI 41/6; ASSI 42/8. Calendar of Felons, 5 Mar 1774.
Stealing white silk, whalebone and other haberdashery items valued under ?1 belonging to John Hildred of Stokesley; transportation 7 years Lent 1774.
Stealing 3s of numbered money belonging to Robert Whitwell at the dwelling house of Joseph Towitt of Leeds; transportation 7 years Lent 1774.
Stealing (with John Smith) woollen cloth to the value of 120s belonging to William Omerod from the tenters of Henry Greenwood at Heptonstall; reprieved 7 years.
TNA: ASSI 41/6; 42/8. Calendar of Felons, 16 Jul 1774.
Stealing (with John Bowcock) woollen cloth to the value of 120s belonging to William Omerod from the tenters of Henry Greenwood at Heptonstall; reprieved 7 years.
Breaking and entering at night into the dwelling house of Thomas Weatherill of Whitby and stealing 4 guineas and other items; reprieved 7 years Summer 1775.
TNA: ASSI 41/6; ASSI 42/9. Calendar of Felons, 29 Jul 1775.


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Archaeology and Ancient History news
Take a look at what's happening in Archaeology and Ancient History at Leicester. Browse University and national news, or find stories published directly by our Archaeology and Ancient History team.
Browse news stories published by our Archaeology and Ancient History team.
Find stories relating to Archaeology and Ancient History, written by our Press Office.
School research seminar series
We host regular research seminars during term time with presentations by guest speakers, and staff and students from our own research community.
See our programme of seminars
We are proud to host a variety of conferences each year.
Find out more about our conferences
The Dorothy Buchan memorial lectures
Dedicated to Ancient History and Archaeology alumnus Dorothy Buchan, find out more about the annual lectures we host in her honour.
See details of upcoming and past lectures
Download and read the Bulletin, which details the varied activities and research undertaken by our staff and students in Archaeology and Ancient History.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Karlheinz Klüter (* 1935 in Iserlohn; † 28. Februar 2013 in Bodrum) war ein deutscher Fotograf, Grafiker und Musikproduzent.

Leben
Klüter entdeckte als Jugendlicher seine Liebe zur Fotografie und zum Jazz. Er war Mitbegründer des Dixie-Clubs in Menden und des Jazzclubs Henkelmann in Iserlohn, organisierte dort Konzerte, zu denen er auch Weltstars holen konnte, und produzierte LPs (JG-Records).

Klüter gründete 1970 das International New Jazz Meeting Burg Altena mit. Von 1974 bis 1983 organisierte er anschließend das Jazz-Fest in der Balver Höhle. Die Balver Festivals hatten den Schwerpunkt ebenfalls im neuen Jazz, eröffneten allerdings traditionell mit "Hot Jazz". In dieser Zeit machte er auch zahlreiche Fotografien, die in der nationalen und internationalen Fachpresse veröffentlicht wurden. Zuletzt zeigte Klüter sie in Iserlohn im Jahr 2007 gemeinsam mit Hans H. Schneider in der Städtischen Galerie in der Ausstellung "Jazzfotografie – Jazz in Iserlohn".

1984 übersiedelte Klüter in die Türkei, wo er mit seiner Frau ein Touristikunternehmen aufbaute, das komfortable Mittelmeerkreuzfahrten mit Segelbooten durchführte, und nach einer Krebserkrankung 2013 verstarb.

Literatur
 Kayer, Armin; Sawinski, Udo (2020): Ein Jahrzehnt für den Jazz. Internationale New Jazz Meetings im Märkischen Kreis: Altena und Balve. In: Der Märker, 69. Jg., S. 100–118
 Sawinski, Udo (2019): Als die heimliche Hauptstadt des New Jazz im Kreis Lüdenscheid lag. In: Der Reidemeister; 28. Mai 2019, Nr. 217, S. 1994–1996.

Weblinks
 Biographie und Fotos bei The Jazz Pages

Einzelnachweise

Jazz-Produzent
Fotograf (20. Jahrhundert)
Auswanderer aus Deutschland
Deutscher
Geboren 1935
Gestorben 2013
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Give Me My Remote > Cosmos
In Case You Missed It…HOW I MET YOUR MOTHER, ONCE UPON A TIME, VERONICA MARS, PaleyFest, and More
March 16, 2014 by Marisa Roffman
Comments Off on In Case You Missed It…HOW I MET YOUR MOTHER, ONCE UPON A TIME, VERONICA MARS, PaleyFest, and More
ONCE UPON A TIME Post-Mortem: Adam Horowitz and Eddy Kitsis Talk 'New York Serenade' and What Comes Next
TROPHY WIFE: Sarah Haskins and Bradley Whitford Tease the Two-Part Wedding 'Saga'
REVOLUTION: Elizabeth Mitchell and Billy Burke Talk About Charlie's New Power
SALEM: Janet Montgomery Teases the New WGN America Series
VERONICA MARS at PaleyFest 2014: The Cast Tease Where Their Characters Are and the Journey to Make the Movie
THE VOICE Exclusive Video: The Teams Prep for the Battle Round With Coach-Inspired Exercise Moves
COSMOS: Ann Druyan on the Challenges of Writing the Series
ORANGE IS THE NEW BLACK at PaleyFest 2014: The Cast Teases Season 2
24: LIVE ANOTHER DAY: Watch the First Footage of Jack Bauer's Return!
THE FOLLOWING: 'The Messenger' Photo Preview
CASTLE: 'The Greater Good' Photo Preview
THE FLASH: Check Out Grant Gustin's Full Flash Costume!
ONCE UPON A TIME: 'Witch Hunt' Photo Preview
BONES: 'The Carrot in the Kudzu' Photo Preview
NBC's CONSTANTINE Pilot First Look
PaleyFest 2014: VERONICA MARS Panel Photos
BONES, GLEE, THE FOLLOWING, and More: Check Out Some Behind-the-Scenes Pictures!
HOW I MET YOUR MOTHER Series Finale: 'Last Forever Part One' Photo Preview
PaleyFest 2014: ORANGE IS THE NEW BLACK Panel Photos
PaleyFest 2014: HOW I MET YOUR MOTHER Farewell Panel Photos
This week in videos:
SATURDAY NIGHT LIVE Parodies SCANDAL
THE TOMORROW PEOPLE Cast Promotes Their Move to Mondays With a Cute Video
Fox Cancels RAISING HOPE, Sets Series Finale Date
CBS Sets Premiere Dates for UNDER THE DOME, RECKLESS, EXTANT, UNFORGETTABLE, and More
PaleyFest 2014 to Live Stream All Panels
Report: Amazon Picks Up THE AFTER, BOSCH, MOZART IN THE JUNGLE, and TRANSPARENT
CBS Renews THE BIG BANG THEORY For 3 Seasons
MASTERS OF SEX: Keke Palmer to Recur in Season 2
CBS Renews NCIS, CSI, PERSON OF INTEREST, MOM, and 14 Other Shows
BONES Recap: 'The Source in the Sludge'
Tags: 24: Live Another Day, Adam Horowitz, Amazon, Ann Druyan, battle rounds, Billy Burke, bones, BOSCH, Bradley Whitford, CASTLE, CBS, Constantine, Cosmos, csi, Eddy Kitsis, Elizabeth Mitchell, exclusive, extant, glee, grant gustin, HIMYM, How I Met Your Mother, jack bauer, Janet Montgomery, keke palmer, Masters of Sex, Mom, MOZART IN THE JUNGLE, NCIS, oitnb, ONCE UPON A TIME, orange is the new black, OUAT, Paley Center, PaleyFest, paleyfest 2014, person of interest, Raising Hope, Reckless, Revolution, salem, Sarah Haskins, Scandal, TBBT, THE AFTER, the big band theory, the flash, The Following, the tomorrow people, the voice, TRANSPARENT, Trophy Wife, Under the Dome, unforgettable, veronica mars
Filed under Cosmos
Over 13 episodes, COSMOS will dive into a lot of history about how we came to know what we know about our universe (and beyond), but, understandably, it's a lot of information to try and relay in a short amount of time. Plus, there's also the fact that it should be entertaining as well as educational.
To figure out how the show achieved that balance, I spoke with COSMOS co-writer Ann Druyan (who also co-wrote the original 1980 special)…
Tags: Ann Druyan, Cosmos
Filed under Fox, Photos
Comments Off on BONES, GLEE, THE FOLLOWING, and More: Check Out Some Behind-the-Scenes Pictures!
Want a sneak peek of what goes down behind-the-scenes of your favorite Fox shows? Check out some photos from the production of recent episodes of BONES, BROOKLYN NINE-NINE, COSMOS, GLEE, RAISING HOPE, RAKE, and THE FOLLOWING…
Which picture is your favorite?
Tags: behind-the-scenes photos, bones, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Cosmos, Fox, Fox photos, glee, Raising Hope, Rake, The Following
In Case You Missed It…CASTLE, BONES, COSMOS, and More!
March 9, 2014 by Marisa Roffman
Comments Off on In Case You Missed It…CASTLE, BONES, COSMOS, and More!
DALLAS: Juan Pablo Di Pace Teases Nicolas' Devotion to Elena
ALMOST HUMAN Season 1 Finale Preview: Dorian is Up For Review and Kennex Reopens His Father's Last Case
STAR-CROSSED: Aimee Teegarden Teases a Wedge Between Emery and Julia, the Anniversary of Arrival Day, War, and More
THE FOLLOWING Post-Mortem: Shawn Ashmore on the Mike Twist in 'Sacrifice'
HOW I MET YOUR MOTHER Reaction: So…Are They Really Going There?
CASTLE Post-Mortem: Andrew Marlowe on the 'In the Belly of the Beast' Returns and Its Fallout
DALLAS: Mitch Pileggi on the Harris Twist and Where Things Go From Here
THE SIMPSONS: Al Jean Previews the Upcoming LEGO Episode, the Return of Sideshow Bob, Guest Spots by Daniel Radcliffe, Zach Galifianakis, and More
MARVEL'S AGENTS OF S.H.I.E.L.D.: Clark Gregg on the Introduction of Bill Paxton's Agent Garrett
THE TOMORROW PEOPLE: Phil Klemmer on the Tomorrow People Being Compromised, Redemption for Cara, Russell's New Plan, and the 'Crazy' Finale Cliffhangers
ARROW: 8 Teases About 'The Promise'
Backstage at HOLLYWOOD GAME NIGHT: Anthony Anderson and Yvette Nicole Brown Are Out For Each Other's Blood
COSMOS: Seth MacFarlane on the Challenges of Making an Ambitious Series and Why Fox Was the Right Network to Air It
COSMOS' Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson: 'There's an Appetite For Wonder'
BONES: Stephen Nathan and Hart Hanson Tease the Ghost Killer Conspiracy, the Return of Wendell, the All Bets Off Finale, and More
ONCE UPON A TIME: Adam Horowitz and Eddy Kitsis Tease Season 3.5
GLEE: 'City of Angels' Photo Preview — New Directions Takes on Nationals!
THE FOLLOWING, ALMOST HUMAN, NEW GIRL and More: Check Out Some Behind-the-Scenes Pictures!
CASTLE: 'The Way of the Ninja' Photo Preview
BONES: 'The Repo Man in the Septic Tank' Photo Preview – Meet the Newest Squintern!
GLEE Episode 100: '100′ Photo Preview
SATURDAY NIGHT LIVE: Watch Colin Jost's First Weekend Update
JIMMY KIMMEL LIVE: AFTER THE OSCARS: Meryl Streep, Kevin Spacey, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Queen Latifah, Chris and Liam Hemsworth, and More Appear in Adapted YouTube Viral Hits
JIMMY KIMMEL LIVE Releases SCANDAL Parody, ESCANDALO, Episode 2
Fox Moves RAKE to Fridays, HELL'S KITCHEN Joins AMERICAN IDOL on Thursdays
GOTHAM Casts Its Young Bruce Wayne and Young Selina Kyle
GREY'S ANATOMY: Isaiah Washington to Return for an Episode
Fox Renews THE FOLLOWING, BROOKLYN NINE-NINE, THE MINDY PROJECT, and NEW GIRL
Tags: Adam Horowitz, aimee teegarden, al jean, Almost Human, almost human season finale, Andrew Marlowe, anthony anderson, Arrow, bones, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, CASTLE, clark gregg, colin jost, Cosmos, Dallas, daniel radcliffe, Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson, Eddy Kitsis, escandalo, glee, glee 100th episode, Gotham, Grey's Anatomy, Hart Hanson, hell's kitchen, HIMYM, hollywood game night, How I Met Your Mother, isaiah washington, Jimmy Kimmel Live, Juan Pablo Di Pace, MARVEL'S AGENTS OF S.H.I.E.L.D., mitch pileggi, neil degrasse tyson, New Girl, ONCE UPON A TIME, OUAT, phil klemmer, Rake, Saturday Night Live, Scandal, seth macfarlane, Shawn Ashmore, star-crossed, Stephen Nathan, The Following, The Mindy Project, The Simpsons, the tomorrow people, Yvette Nicole Brown
Want a sneak peek of what goes down behind-the-scenes of your favorite Fox shows? Check out some photos from the production of recent episodes of BONES, BROOKLYN NINE-NINE, COSMOS, ENLISTED, GLEE, NEW GIRL, RAISING HOPE, RAKE, and THE FOLLOWING…
Tags: bones, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Cosmos, Enlisted, Fox, Fox photos, glee, New Girl, Photos, Raising Hope, Rake, The Following
Comments Off on COSMOS' Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson: 'There's an Appetite For Wonder'
Fox is debuting COSMOS this Sunday, a series that explores "the saga of how we discovered the laws of nature and found our coordinates in space and time," and it's truly unlike anything else on television right now.
At the show's premiere event this week, COSMOS host (and renowned astrophysicist) Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson talked with reporters about making the series, and what he's excited for people to see…
Tags: Cosmos, Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson
Seth MacFarlane has a long history with Fox, from his animated comedies (FAMILY GUY, AMERICAN DAD, and THE CLEVELAND SHOW) to his recent turn as an executive producer on the live-action sitcom, DADS, and now, he's attached to one of the network's more ambitious shows: COSMOS, a 13-part series hosted by astrophysicist Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson that explores how our grasp of the universe has changed over the years. (It's a stunning undertaking — and a bit baffling to imagine how Carl Sagan and co-writers Ann Druyan and Steven Soter pulled it off during the first version 1980 — and still manages to be completely entertaining.)
At the show's premiere this week, MacFarlane talked with reporters about what prompted him to get involved with this show, the challenges they faced, and what he hopes viewers get from the series…
Tags: Cosmos, seth macfarlane
Comments Off on THE FOLLOWING, ALMOST HUMAN, NEW GIRL and More: Check Out Some Behind-the-Scenes Pictures!
Want a sneak peek of what goes down behind-the-scenes of your favorite Fox shows? Check out some photos from the production of recent episodes of ALMOST HUMAN, BROOKLYN NINE-NINE, COSMOS, ENLISTED, NEW GIRL, RAKE, and THE FOLLOWING…
Tags: Almost Human, Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Cosmos, Enlisted, Fox, Fox photos, New Girl, Rake, The Following
COSMOS: A SPACETIME ODYSSEY World Series Promo
Fox and National Geographic Channel will debut COSMOS: A SPACETIME ODYSSEY in 2014, and to get people intrigued about the 13-part follow up to the 1980 miniseries, COSMOS: A PERSONAL VOYAGE, Fox debuted a new promo for it during game 3 of the World Series.
Take a look at the spot that aired..
http://youtu.be/0MCmu0WGf90
Tags: Cosmos


True cost assessment considers the entire life of the floor.
In the largest and most expensive construction project in school district history, Middletown, Ohio has completed a new 135,000 sq. ft. middle school and renovated an adjacent high school, both on schedule and within budget. The $96 million project is the most visible part of a new "Middie Modernization Movement," which details comprehensive reforms to improve both infrastructure and academic quality across the district.
"We used to have an awful lot of spaces that we couldn't use for learning. They were dark, they were cold, just inoperable. We ended up with a product that was far better than we could have ever asked for. [Now students] can take initiative for things. They can make things actually come to life for them," said Camela Cotter, Principal, Middletown High School.
The new buildings feature some of the most digitally enhanced classrooms in the region, open air learning pods, improved building security, upgraded kitchen/ cafeteria, and a 200-seat community room to accommodate school and local organizations. A new elementary school project is also being launched to feed this new concept high school and middle school.
In classrooms, modular carpet was selected to improve acoustics, while still allowing caster chairs to roll freely. Tarkett's ethos® Modular with Omnicoat TechnologyTM allowed for glue-less installation using TarkettTAPETM, which minimized chemical washing and drastically reduced abatement costs in the existing high school.
A delicate balance of requirements.
Of course, the multi-phase, multi-year project was not without its challenges. In addition to coordinating all the moving parts of each phase, the team struggled with the way the typical Design/Bid/Build process drives material to the lowest price, according to Interior Designer Brandon Biniker of Fanning Howey. "The owner embraced the quality of design and products, and understood that finishes were integral to the success of the project in supporting the learner and the space," said Biniker. With this support, the team gave special attention to design, durability and ease of maintenance in its specs, while considering ease of installation within overall project costs. "We wrote strong specifications to allow apples to apples comparison and maintain quality, lasting finishes," said Biniker.
In classrooms, modular carpet was selected to improve comfort and acoustics, while still allowing caster chairs to roll freely. Tarkett's ethos® Modular with Omnicoat Technology™ allowed for glue-less installation using TarkettTAPE®, which minimized chemical washing and drastically reduced abatement costs in the existing high school. "Tarkett brought forward a product that put everyone's fears at ease, and at the same time, had faith in that product," said George Long, Business Manager for Middletown City Schools. Of particular value to the maintenance staff is their ability to quickly swap out stained carpet tiles for clean ones. "We can provide good, clean customer service because of the product Tarkett brought to us," added Long.
Visual design inspires community pride.
Biniker and his team created a bold aesthetic that visually represents the exciting changes taking place throughout the district, and helped them bring fun and energy back into the spaces. By customizing standard carpet designs to include the district's cherished Middie purple, flooring choices set the scheme for the building and all other finishes, including wall colors and furniture. "As you walk this campus, it breathes Middie pride. You see pride written all over this building. You see focus on potential. You see positive environments where students feel excited about coming to school," said Marlon Styles, District Superintendent.
A state-of-the-art education facility designed for students from pre-school to twelfth grade, the Green Valley Ranch campus opened its doors for school in August 2010.


If you have some Back to School shopping to do and you want to get it all done at one location then check out Office Depot. My kiddos have a big age difference so their school supply lists are very different in terms of the type of items they need. However, I know that when I go to Office Depot I can get everything we need at one store all at once. Which is a huge plus for this mom because I hate going from store to store with all the kids.
We got all these items at Office Depot and trust me there is a lot more to choose from. Office Depot has over 9,000 items in their back to school section. With key brands like Sharpie, Post-It, Elmer's, and their own Office Depot brand, they have everything you might need to get your kiddos prepared for the new school year.
This week (through 8/5) in store only you can get 1 cent filler paper! Simply make a purchase of $5 or more to receive office depot filler paper. Limit of 3. See here for all the details.
For everything from school supplies, to backpacks, to tech Office Depot has it all. It's our one-stop shop for school shopping every year. They have great deals online too if you would rather skip the store and shop online.
Is it that time already? Ugghhhh.
I love Office Depot! They have great back to school supplies !
Their favorite part of back to school is picking out new binders, folders and fun pens and pencils. Office Depot has so many designs they like.
I need to make a trip there soon. Our home office needs a few things.


How to choose an Industrial Videoscope Probe?
Home > News > How to choose an Industrial Videoscope Probe?
The probe is an important part of the industrial videoscope, and its quality directly affects the detection effect. Therefore, when we choose probes, we must choose according to different testing environment.
On the one hand, if the detection environment is a uniform pipe and hole, the diameter of the probe is generally not greater than the 4/5 of the pipe and hole. If it is a pipe and hole with uneven inner diameter, the diameter of the probe is generally not more than the 2/3 of the average inner diameter of the pipe and hole, and the minimum bending radius of the probe. The bending requirements of the products should be met.
On the other hand, when we choose the probe, we choose the larger diameter probe in order to improve the clarity of the detection. At the same time, if the detection environment is the bus with low hardness and high surface roughness, we should choose the plastic outer layer probe in order to avoid the scratching of the workpiece by the probe.


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Q: How to use multiple pasteboards in OS X? I have a situation where I need 2 or 3 different pasteboards so that I can issue a command-c/v for the traditional copy/paste and then be able to use option-command-c/v for a secondary pasteboard copy and paste and then a third one as well if possible.
The usecase is such that I need to rapidly be able to copy and paste different patterns in a dynamic manner.
I own PTHPasteboard Pro which seems to work again nicely in 10.11, but I have not been able to find a way to copy into additional pasteboards that you can create with it... only paste out from it.
Any ideas on how to either use this app or another option to implement additional pasteboards?

A: PTHPasteboard and OS X 10.10+
The PTH web site suggests PTHPasteboard Pro does not work on OS X 10.10 or later:

PTHPasteboard is not currently available for sale, due to incompatibility with Mac OS X 10.10.

Thus it is probable there is no way to copy into additional pasteboards PTHPasteboard creates on OS X 10.11.
Alternatives
Alternatives listed on PTHPasteboard Pro's MacUpdate page include:

*

*ClipMenu

*Clipboard Evolved
Regrettably, the alternatives above do not mention OS X 10.11 support. Comments on MacUpdate suggest they may still work on the latest OS X.

A: You could try Keyboard Maestro.  It includes a  clipboard history switcher.
https://www.keyboardmaestro.com/main/
includes a free trail

A: I'm sad to hear this tool has been discontinued. I'm still using it on 10.13 with no adverse consequences at all.
I have never "copied" things into the secondary pasteboards, I have always "added" things there. You click the pencil icon on the pasteboard, then the + button, then add a clipping (you can paste one in as you would paste anything anywhere else). It stays permanently until you remove it manually.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Microsoft Active Directory ranks among the most important and critical IT subsystems. Millions of users across the globe intensively use Active Directory services every day. For many companies, the fail-safe operation of Active Directory is a prerequisite for successful and secure IT infrastructure functioning. Lots of other services and applications depend on the functions provided by Active Directory. Any error may cost a way too much, so outages are absolutely unacceptable for this IT subsystem.
The structure represented by Active Directory is quite complicated and versatile. Thousands of user accounts, millions of objects and billions of properties run over corporate networks. Timely and faultless management for Active Directory is a very demanding and labour-consuming task even for high-skilled system administrators. Providing comprehensive Active Directory monitoring tools out-of-the-box, AggreGate Network Manager takes on the most tedious and boring work. How does it assist you?


End of season group shows are a little like summer movies. They have the advantage of setting out simply to please. In a category-loving art climate, the last exhibition usually relaxes the categories. Works tend to be smaller, allowing us to look at art scaled for actual rooms, not museum spaces. Galleries are more willing to chance work they are not committed to. The publicity machine gears down. After months of generating operatic press releases, galleries puts their feet up and let items on the wall summon their own audience.
Fine and surprising things surface in these closing medleys. While this exhibition spares us the artificial labors of a "theme show," its focus on a single medium-watercolor- provides continuity among the disparate sensibilities and ranges of ambition that are part of its appeal.
Most of the work on show is by members of Zeuxis, a loose affiliation of artists devoted to still life painting. Many of them exhibit regularly in artist-owned and/or university galleries. The better known names-Garth Evans, Andrew Forge, Lois Dodd, Robert DeNiro, Sr.-are on loan from other galleries. Three come from Kouros' own stable of artists.
Things begin with two paintings by George Constant, an early modernist best known in his lifetime as an etcher and engraver. Here is a rare look at his gifts as an abstract painter and a return to one fecund moment in the history of modern art. Petunias, a 1952 watercolor, offers a bouquet of forms that recall his contemporary, Baziotes. There is something of Sheila Delauney in these shapes as well. Field of Flowers, c. 1960, is a fluid, calligraphic dance of all-over color, dispersed with an energetic and graceful hand. Constant's approach has its antecedent in Pollock's Lavender Mist , which itself points back to Monet's waterlilies. Contrast between figure and ground disappear. We look straight into the surface of a multi-colored field, its elements woven together with delicate strands of black ink.
Immediately opposite, counterposed to Constant, is the vertical Study for Venice with Bridge by watercolorist Jorge Eduardo. The rigor of the study gives a useful clue to the hyper-realism for which Eduardo is celebrated in his native Brazil. He brings the intensity of an archivist's scrutiny to even the smallest detail. Eduardo has built a career recording Brazil's loveliest locales and the architecture of its colonial past. Here, he turns his concentration on a typical view of Venice. For all his command of the medium, his affinity for local color and light, and his ease with architectural detail, the painting seems more a scene prepared for tourists than a personal response. Technique can sometimes become a bludgeon that intimidates the audience into confusing a sense of place with mere items in sight.
By contrast, Joseph Byrne's four diminutive tree studies are lively and personal. They make no claim to be other than what they are: liquid caresses of a tree trunk. One especially delicious rendering recalls John Marin's warning against reading things into paintings: "There's the daisy-you don't rave over or read messages into it. You just look at that bully little flower. That's enough." One bully little tree trunk is plenty.
John Goodrich's high spirited contributions are a surprise. Gone is the broody quality I've come to associate with his oil painting. Both still lifes here, attentive to the effects of light and air, have summer written all over them. Other unexpected pleasures are the lush, ebullient landscapes by Carolyn Harris; the startling subtlety of Louise Matthiasdottir's subdued consideration of the Hudson River, less showy than her usual chromatism but with greater depth; and David Dewey's darkling portrayal of a Belfast street on the shadow side of sunlight. Ruth Miller is always a happy find.
Phyllis Floyd, founder of Zeuxis, offers lean, reduced figure compositions done on site in Madison and Bryant parks. Victor Pesce's works, each focusing on a singe object afloat on a field of color, emphasize how much the appeal of his painting resides in his eye for placement, independent of the characteristic weight and texture of his oils. Robert DeNiro, Sr., who died in 1993, is represented by a pleasant, neo-Matissean trifle Teapot and Vase/Flowers. But name recognition lends heft to what is almost a studio throw-away, slight in structure and technique. (Its $16,000 thumb-in-your-eye sticker is an instructive moment in art world pricing.) Nell Blaine's Darkening Sky, Gloucester, just as pricey, provides more to look at.
I have always enjoyed Andrew Forge's writing more than his painting. Elegant and spare, his work has struck me as having an air of the podium about it-a distillation of style-conscious theories with little blood in them. Even so, I was drawn to the untitled watercolor submitted here. Discreet, luminous marks, arranged in repetitive, seemingly stenciled rows, drift across the paper. Shifting gossamer planes overlay and penetrate each other, massed in the upper left and sliding, in delicate glissando, toward invisibility at the lower right. It sends me away to rethink my responses to this most refined technician.
One of the true satisfactions here is the opportunity to see Garth Evans. Known most widely as a sculptor, his watercolors are small astonishments. Two of them hang near a window in the upstairs gallery, a turn of the head away from Forge. It is an inspired placement. The works of both men share a similar sense of sequence, of structure arising from spaced intervals-like notes of a musical scale (Forge) or interstices between overlapping geological structures (Evans). Both make the most of transparency while letting color drive their compositions.
Similarities end there but how does one describe the difference? Or the quiet pleasure of Evans' inventiveness, his lyricism, contained in a geometry of his own devising? This is painting that has to be viewed up close. At a distance, color and outline assert themselves easily. But the magical subtleties of surface and errantry of lines dissolving into worked paper reveal themselves only on close embrace. It is hard not to lean just a little closer to one particularly enigmatic, darksome piece just to kiss it.


We regret to inform you that, unfortunately, the IBSBI2018 Conference should be postponed, due to serious organizing problems, many of which were caused from the sudden loss of Prof. I. Raftoyiannis, a senior executive of the Organizing Committee. Following the two successful IBSBI, it would be not right to organize a next Conference with a limited possibility of the same success. Thank you for supporting IBSBI 2018, which could probably take place some time next year.
The Hellenic Society of Bridges Study is pleased to announce the third IBSBI Conference, "Innovations On Bridges and Soil-Bridge Interaction" 2018, which will be held in Athens (Eugenides Foundation) on 11, 12 and 13 October 2018.


Although I was traveling over the last weekend, Mark and I met via video chat and asked and answered some questions. I was interested to hear about the "Celebrate Science" event at University of Durham. It turns out, the event was attended by mostly children, who typically have a hard time folding the origami tessellations related to Mark's work. Maybe this is something we can work on! Model kits and model making from paper, in my experience, require a well designed instructional booklet.
There was mention of virus geometry being a topic at the event, and I told Mark that there is a huge crossover between mathematics and geometry, and cell or molecular structure. For example, most virus shells, or capsids, are formed in either a helical-cylindrical shape, or an icosahedral-spherical shape. The mention led me to one of my favorite resources, "Order in Space: A Design Source Book" by Keith Critchlow. I will share a bit more on that next week… it's gonna get philosophical.
In my travels last week, I reconnected with a colleague from my former art studio in Newark, NJ, artist and master papermaker at Rutgers University, Anne Q. McKeown, who just so happened to attend Julia Buntaine's talk on neuroaesthetics, something I have not studied for some years! Anne and I both find the subject captivating. Dusting off those bookshelves in my memory, I recall writing in my sketchbooks about the process that happens in the mind when one looks at, well, anything! Scribbled notes on the TEDtalks of Dr. Ramachandran... pages from the sketchbooks of Ramon y Cajal… I still think about what must happen, neurologically, when looking off into a distant landscape… And I am brought back to much of the jargon-y vocabulary that lets me communicate these concepts with the STEM community, whereas in my art studio, I tend to use much different words.
Mark Rothko's "Black on Maroon" (1958) is shown here, hanging at the Tate Modern. Credit: Mark Hillary/CC BY 2.0. Image cropped.
For example, bottom-up and top-down thinking came back into my consciousness this week through a PRI broadcast and article featuring neuroscientist Dr. Eric Kandel, and I briefly explained the concept to Mark. I frame my artworks in this context, offering something familiar for the visual system to chew on, utilizing bottom-up thinking, taking into account all that we already know, and then accenting or augmenting it with some information that requires top-down thinking, something that demands personal context, imagination, and interpretation. The top-down approach, as is mentioned in the insightful interview linked above, allows the viewer to engage in a creative process of their own while viewing an abstract artwork, something that sets modern and abstract art apart from its figurative counterpart. Mark said it's taken him some practice when reading papers to engage his top-down thinking, to ensure that he's not getting bogged down in the nitty-gritty details of analysis, and so he can come away from a paper with an idea of how it fits into the greater context of his own contribution and expertise. Instead of a rote exercise, it becomes a fulfilling creative process.
After some thoughts on the viewer, then comes of the question of content. One of the greatest privileges of being partnered with a scientist is being able to pick his brain on questions I wouldn't be able to ask anyone else! For example, if I am an artist making art using scientific data, I, as an artist, may be attracted to some portion of data that seems interesting from my perspective, but how does that fit into what the scientists deem to be interesting or important? We'll be keeping this in mind as Mark collects some data for me to manipulate into different visualizations and graphs. What will happen when artworks contain familiarities like the coordinate system, labels and keys normally found in graphs, or simply the impression of data through the use of color and line, the types of visual imagery we as 21st century folks are more and more exposed to everyday through our interactions with technology? What can be added, altered, or omitted so that the work demands the viewer to imagine and subjectively interpret what is in front of them? It's that personal connection to science (technology, engineering, math…) through art, that I aim to evoke in the viewer. How will our work on visualizations of the origami tessellation of the dark-matter sheet create opportunities for learning and insight, as well as creative engagement from the viewer? We may have to come up with a hypothesis.
In a previous couple of blog entries, I discussed a model, inspired by some "jitterbug" models that Lizzy shared with me, that shows how neighboring galaxies tend to spin in the same direction. The design makes this model tactile: turning one tetrahedron will turn all its neighbors at the same time (as may be seen in a previous blog video, in which I rotated tetrahedral elements of a model built from straws).
I designed the small blue tetrahedra to be able to spin and move completely freely around ball joints connected to the white, large tetrahedron. I planned to hold the 4 pieces of this model together by attaching them with rubber bands, but unfortunately, I could not manage to do that! It was not even clear to me that the design would hold together stably if I were to manage it. So, I will change the design, to allow the tetrahedra not to move arbitrarily around the ball, but to just rotate around pegs ... this should capture the relevant motions.
In a meeting last week, Lizzy and I also discussed the fascinating structure and substructure of a galaxy in so-called phase space, and in the next couple of days I will providing her with some data that she can play with.
Lizzy Storm is an artist and owner of Lizzy Storm Designs based in Atlanta, Georgia.
Mark Neyrinck is an award-winning astrophysicist and cosmologist, and a postdoctoral researcher at Durham University, United Kingdom.


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Tag Archives: eric garcetti
Mayor Says SpaceX To Build New Rocket In Port Of Los Angeles
Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti says SpaceX has chosen to build a new rocket in the city's port. The announcement was made on Monday during his annual state-of-the-city speech. The City Board of Harbor Commissioners will vote Thursday on whether to lease 19 acres to SpaceX for the manufacturing site. While SpaceX calls its existing…
L.A. County Wants To Help Build Guest Houses In Backyards For Homeless People
There have been multiple "not in my backyard" protests that have allowed to block homeless housing in Temple City, CA. That was followed up when the group also delayed it in Boyle Heights and, last month, killed Orange County's plan to relocate homeless people to shelters. In August, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors…


Solid gold jewelry does tarnish. However, pure 24K gold is not susceptible to tarnishing. The other alloys like copper and silver used solid gold jewelry cause the tarnishing. The higher karat the gold is, the less noticeable the tarnish will appear over time. This explains why a lot of antique gold jewelry from the Victorian era has a dark rosey tone to it. The lower karat jewelry of this time period used a lot of copper which creates a beautiful patina that cannot be replicated. Cleaning of antique jewellery will reduce their value..


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KWESI APPIAH NOMINATED FOR MONTHLY AWARD
Crawley striker nominated for Sky Bet League Two Player of the Month award.
Striker Kwesi Appiah has been nominated for the Sky Bet League Two Player of the Month award for October. Kwesi scored all five of Crawley's goals in the month of October, and as a result, has been nominated for the monthly award by the EFL.
Kwesi will go up against the following players:
Peter Clarke (Tranmere Rovers)
With his 40th birthday looming in January, Clarke is almost beyond veteran status, but what he lacks in youth is made up for in experience. That includes his heading ability, both at the back and at corners, from which he scored three goals in October.
Mitch Pinnock (Northampton Town)
Having recovered from illness, Pinnock regained full fitness and form in October combining vision, clever technical ability, speed of thought and superb delivery from the left and at set pieces to claim five assists and a pivotal role in two other goals.
Dom Telford (Newport County)
It was a month of transition for Newport in the dugout, but one to die for on the pitch for Telford. He contributed an assist and eight goals, including a clever shot on the swivel and a brilliant solo run against Carlisle, as well as a hat-trick against Stevenage.
The winner will be chosen by a panel at the EFL and will be announced on Friday 12th November at 6AM.


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burnout wikipedia
It debuted atop the UK Albums Chart and Australian ARIA Albums Chart, among others. Rip it up on retribution Lyrically, it showcases the band mocking how people often act without thought. [Pre-Chorus] Kick the dog when the whistle blows According to their YouTube description for the audio: How many trolls does it take to screw in a lightbulb? Brandneuer Song: Green Day sind mit neuem Christmas Song "Xmas Time of the Year" zurück! About Fire, Ready, Aim "Fire, Ready, Aim" is the (pop, rock) 2nd track by alternative rock, pop punk, punk rock singer "Green Day" from Green Day's studio album Father of All…. Well, you're a liar. A new tune for the loons! Turn it up sideways (Ah) Ooh ooh ooh ooh ooh. Watch the video for Fire, Ready, Aim from Green Day's Oh Yeah! (Ooh) SoundCloud. You're a liar (Ah) [Chorus] Anyway stick a hammer in your mouth. [Pre-Chorus] @robert-mendonca-2 imagine thinking youre on top of everything when … Lyrically, it showcases the band mocking how people often act without thought; the song serves as the opening theme song for 2019-2020 NBCSN's Wednesday Night Hockey. Stick a hammer in your mouth Get the track 'Fire, Ready, Aim' by Green Day, slash the beats, and show the world how you rock! blink‐182 - I Miss You deutsche Übersetzung, Sum 41 - In Too Deep deutsche Übersetzung, Trackliste: Alle Songs aus dem neuen Album "Father of All..." von Green Day inklusive Songtexte, "Oh Yeah! Ready, aim, fire Fire, ready, aim Ready, aim, fire Fire, ready, aim [Verse 2] Stick a hammer in your mouth You're a liar (Ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah) Knock your teeth out to the ground Well, you're a liar (Ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah-ah) Baby got the hyperbole (Ah-ah-ah-ah) Baby got the hyperbole (Doo-ooh-ooh-ooh-ooh) Knock your teeth out to the ground [Intro] Baby, got the hyperbole. Shut up and dance! Fire, Ready, Aim by Green Day published on 2019-10-10T21:51:54Z. The answer is Fire Ready Aim! Fire, Ready, Aim is the second track and single off of Green Day's thirteenth studio album, Father of All Motherfuckers. [Verse 1] Baby got the hyperbole (Ooh) for free, and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists. Turn it up sideways (Ah) You're a liar (Ah) The second single off Father of All…, "Fire, Ready, Aim" is the band's entrance into a partnership with the NHL. Ready, aim, fire, fire, ready, aim for free, and see the artwork, lyrics and similar artists. The answer is Fire Ready Aim! Fire, Ready, Aim Artist: Green Day Album: Father of All..., 2020. Guarda il video Wake me up when September Ends. Album Father of All Motherfuckers. This song is about our daily outrage. Ready, aim, fire, fire, ready, aim So turn up the volume on your TV sets, fire, ready, aim and enjoy the ride. Stick a hammer in your mouth. Well, you're a liar (Ah) Baby got the hyperbole (Ah) Feed the creeps with a stick and bone Writer(s): Frank Edwin Wright Iii, Billie Joe Armstrong, Mike Ryan Pritchard This track is part of Green Day Music Pack, brought to you by Reprise Records / Warner Music Group Video Game Licensing. Tutti i testi di Green Day. Ready, aim, fire. Stream Fire, Ready, Aim by Green Day from desktop or your mobile device. How many trolls does it take to screw in a lightbulb? Shut up and dance! Green Day Lyrics. Ready, aim, fire, fire, ready, aim Anyway stick a hammer in your mouth. The song serves as the opening theme song for 2019-2020 NBCSN's Wednesday Night Hockey. Produced by Green Day & Butch Walker. Baby got the hyperbole (Ooh) and "Meet Me on the Roof". Play "Fire, Ready, Aim". A new tune for the loons! on Amazon Music Unlimited (ad) "Fire, Ready, Aim". Ooh Well, you're a liar. You're a liar. Feed the creeps with a stick and bone. Ah ah ah ah. ": Green Day veröffentlicht einen weiteren Vorbote ihres kommenden Albums "Father of All...", Geniales Comeback: Green Day veröffentlichen neue Single "BANG BANG". Fire, ready, aim. Kleine Pause: Green Day wollen ihre Batterien neu aufladen! Well, you're a liar (Ah) Kick the dog when the whistle blows. Lyrics powered by www.musixmatch.com. Kick the dog when the whistle blows Attack without thought.. hyperbole. Ready, aim, fire, fire, ready, aim. ", "Fire, Ready, Aim", "Oh Yeah!" Watch the video for Fire, Ready, Aim from Green Day's Oh Yeah! Log dich ein um diese Funktion zu nutzen. Baby, got the hyperbole. Attack without thought.. hyperbole. Kick the dog when the whistle blows. ET on NBCSN. "Fire, Ready, Aim" is part of a unique partnership with the NHL. Well, you're a liar (Ah) Well you're a liar (Ah ah ah ah ah ah ah … Fire, Ready, Aim is the band's entrance into a partnership with the NHL. Well, you're a liar (Ah) Log dich ein oder registriere dich kostenlos, Ina Müller - Ich halt die Luft an Songtext, Purple Disco Machine & Sophie and the Giants - Hypnotized Songtext, Jason Derulo & Nuka - Love Not War (The Tampa Beat) Songtext. Genre Alternative Comment by infidel. "Fire, Ready, Aim" (1:52 min) song was released on October 9, 2019 through Reprise Records and under ℗ 2020 Reprise Records. Despite chart success, the album received polarized reviews from critics, with praise for the album's brisk pace and … Knock your teeth out to the ground. Knock your teeth out to the ground Baby got the hyperbole (Ah) Rip it up on retribution Green Day… Kick the dog when the whistle blows. [Verse 2] ... TOP video Green Day: Wake me up when September Ends. Ready, aim, fire, fire, ready, aim This song is about our daily outrage. Ready, aim, fire. Fire, ready, aim. Ah Well you're a liar. [Chorus] Fire, Ready, Aim Green Day. Ready, aim, fire, fire, ready, aim This NHL season is hereby known as LOUD season… where the toughest athletes to ever lace up a pair of skates meet the baddest rock band on the planet. Fire, Ready, Aim Songtext. As this song served as the opening theme song for NBCSN's Wednesday Night Hockey, the NHL YouTube channel released a teaser video. Green Day has released the second preview of their forthcoming album. Knock your teeth out to the ground The video debuted with the New Jersey Devils vs. Philadelphia Flyers game on Wednesday, Oct. 9, at 7:30 p.m.
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Venezuela's Maduro faces off with US over rival's power claim
US, Venezuelan tensions increase
January 24, 2019 at 12:40 AM HST - Updated January 24 at 4:42 AM
CARACAS, Venezuela (AP) — Venezuelans headed into uncharted political waters Thursday, with the young leader of a newly united and combative opposition claiming to hold the presidency and socialist President Nicolas Maduro digging in for a fight with the Trump administration.
Violence flared again Wednesday during big anti-government demonstrations across Venezuela, and at least seven protesters were reported killed in the escalating confrontation with Maduro, who has been increasingly accused of undemocratic behavior by the United States and many other nations in the region.
Juan Guaido, the new leader of the opposition-controlled National Assembly, turned up the heat by declaring himself interim president before a mass of demonstrators in Caracas. He said it is the only way to end the Maduro "dictatorship" in Venezuela, which has seen millions flee in recent years to escape sky-high inflation and food shortages.
"We know that this will have consequences," Guaido shouted to the cheering crowd, then slipped away to an unknown location amid speculation that he would soon be arrested.
In a united and seemingly coordinated front, the U.S., Canada and some Latin American and European countries announced that they supported Guaido's claim to the presidency.
Juan Guaido, head of Venezuela's opposition-run congress, declared himself interim president of the nation until elections can be held during a rally demanding President Nicolas Maduro's resignation in Caracas, Venezuela, on Wednesday, Jan. 23, 2019. (AP Photo/Fernando Llano) (Source: AP)
But Russia, China, Iran, Syria, Cuba and Turkey have voiced their backing for Maduro's government.
President Donald Trump promised to use the "full weight" of U.S. economic and diplomatic power to push for the restoration of Venezuela's democracy. "The people of Venezuela have courageously spoken out against Maduro and his regime and demanded freedom and the rule of law," he said in a statement.
Maduro fired back by breaking diplomatic relations with the U.S., the biggest trading partner for the oil-exporting country, and ordering American diplomats to get out of the country within 72 hours. Washington said it would ignore the order.
The socialist leader, who so far has been backed by the military, as well as the government-packed courts and a constituent assembly, recalled the long history of heavy-handed U.S. interventions in Latin America during the Cold War as he asked his allies for support.
Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, shakes hands with his Venezuelan counterpart Nicolas Maduro during their meeting at the Novo-Ogaryovo residence outside in Moscow, Russia, Wednesday, Dec. 5, 2018. Amid unrest in his country, Maduro has broken off diplomatic ties with the U.S. (Maxim Shemetov/Pool Photo via AP) (Source: Maxim Shemetov)
"Don't trust the gringos," he thundered to a crowd of red-shirted supporters gathered at the presidential palace. "They don't have friends or loyalties. They only have interests, guts and the ambition to take Venezuela's oil, gas and gold."
China's Foreign Ministry called on the United States to stay out of the crisis, while Russia's deputy foreign minister warned the U.S. against any military intervention in Venezuela.
Some Russian officials reacted with anger to the opposition protests. Alexei Pushkov, chairman of the information committee at the Russian Federation Council, called Guaido's declaration "an attempted coup" backed by the U.S.
Russia has been propping up Maduro with arms deliveries and loans. Maduro visited Moscow in December, seeking Russia's political and financial support. Over the last decade, China has given Venezuela $65 billion in loans, cash and investment. Venezuela owes more than $20 billion.
Trump: All options on the table with Venezuela
On Thursday, attention will shift to Washington, where diplomats at the Organization of American States will hold an emergency meeting on the Venezuelan situation. The debate promises to be charged, and the National Assembly's newly picked diplomatic envoy will be lobbying to take Venezuela's seat from Maduro's ambassador.
Meanwhile, many Venezuelans will be looking for Guaido to re-emerge and provide guidance on the opposition's next steps. The armed forces' top command, which has so far remained silent, is also expected to issue a statement, although nobody expects the general's loyalties to Maduro to have shifted.
The price of oil slipped for the third time in four days Wednesday, an indication that international energy markets are not overly concerned yet that the situation in Venezuela — America's third top oil supplier and owner of Houston-based Citgo — will disrupt global crude supplies.
Tensions began ramping up earlier this month as Maduro took the oath of office for a second six-year term won in an election last May that many in the region contend was not free or fair because his strongest opponents were barred from running.
The 35-year-old Guaido, a virtually unknown lawmaker at the start of the year, has reignited the hopes of Venezuela's often beleaguered opposition by taking a rebellious tack amid Venezuela's crushing economic crisis.
He escalated his campaign Wednesday by declaring that the constitution gives him, as president of the congress, the authority to take over as interim president and form a transitional government until he calls new elections.
Raising his right hand in unison with tens of thousands of supporters, he took a symbolic oath to assume executive powers: "Today, January 23, 2019, I swear to formally assume the powers of the national executive as president in charge of Venezuela."
The assault on Maduro's rule came after large crowds gathered in Caracas waving flags and chanting "Get out, Maduro!" in what was the biggest demonstration since a wave of unrest that left more than 120 dead in 2017.
There were no signs that security forces heeded Guaido's call to join the anti-Maduro movement and go easy on demonstrators. Hours after most demonstrators went home, violence broke out in Altamira, an upscale zone of Caracas and an opposition stronghold, when National Guardsmen descended on hundreds of youths, some of them with their faces covered, lingering around a plaza. Popping tear gas canisters sent hundreds running and hordes of protesters riding two and three on motorcycles fleeing in panic.
Blocks away, a small group knocked a pair of guardsmen riding tandem off their motorcycle, pelting them with coconuts as they sped down a wide avenue. Some in the group struck the two guardsmen with their hands while others ran off with their gear and set their motorcycle on fire.
Meanwhile, four demonstrators were killed by gunfire in the western city of Barinas as security forces were dispersing a crowd. Three others were killed amid unrest in the border city of San Cristobal.
Marco Ponce, a coordinator with the Venezuelan Observatory of Social Conflict, a human rights monitoring group, said at least 12 had been killed overall, giving names but no details on the other cases.
Amid the showdown, all eyes are on the military, the traditional arbiter of political disputes in Venezuela — and to which Guaido has been targeting his message.
On Monday, a few dozen national guardsmen seized a stockpile of assault rifles in a pre-dawn uprising that was quickly quelled, although residents in a nearby slum showed support for the mutineers by burning cars and stoning security forces. Disturbances flared up that night in other working-class neighborhoods where the government has traditionally enjoyed strong support, and continued into the late hours Tuesday and Wednesday as well.
Associated Press journalists around the world contributed to this report.
Joshua Goodman on Twitter: https://twitter.com/APjoshgoodman


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Justia Patents Organic Active Material ContainingUS Patent Application for POLYMER GEL ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE COMPOSITION AND DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL INCLUDING THE COMPOSITION Patent Application (Application #20130269781)
POLYMER GEL ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE COMPOSITION AND DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL INCLUDING THE COMPOSITION
Jan 11, 2013 - KOREA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Disclosed is a polymer gel electrolyte composition. The composition includes an aqueous solution of a polysaccharide-based polymer and a liquid electrolyte in which a redox derivative is mixed with an organic solvent. The composition is easy to inject. The composition is free from problems of leakage and volatilization, thus being environmentally friendly. Further disclosed is a highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cell using the composition. The dye-sensitized solar cell is stable for a long period of time and can be readily commercialized.
Latest KOREA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Patents:
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METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MOVING BODY BASED ON COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE MOVING BODY AND HUMAN, AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE MOVING BODY THEREOF
Optical device for suppressing noise of laser using graphene
Perovskite compound, method for producing the perovskite compound, catalyst for fuel cell including the perovskite compound and method for producing the catalyst
SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2012-0038225 filed on Apr. 13, 2012, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a polymer gel electrolyte composition and a dye-sensitized solar cell using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell including an aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer solution and a liquid electrolyte, and a highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cell using the polymer gel electrolyte composition that is environmentally friendly, highly stable, and commercially viable.
2. Description of the Related Art
Next-generation energy development has gained more importance due to the crisis of fossil fuel depletion and the recent serious problems of environmental pollution. Particularly, solar cells for directly converting solar energy emitted from sunlight into electrical energy produce a small amount of pollutants, make use of the inexhaustible energy resource, and can be used semi-permanently. Due to these advantages, solar cells are expected as future energy sources. Such solar cells are broadly classified into inorganic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, and organic solar cells by the kind of material that they employ. Most of the inorganic solar cells use single crystalline silicon. Single crystal silicon solar cells can be advantageously fabricated in the form of thin films but suffer from the problems of high cost and low stability.
Dye-sensitized solar cells are photoelectrochemical solar cells and a prototype thereof was first presented by Gratzel et al., Switzerland, in 1991. Dye-sensitized solar cells require no junction at all, unlike p-n junction solar cells as general types of solar cells. A typical dye-sensitized solar cell includes a working electrode covered with porous TiO2 and a counter electrode covered with platinum. An electrolyte through which ions migrate is positioned between the working electrode and the counter electrode. A photosensitive dye is adsorbed to the working electrode. The photosensitive dye can absorb visible light to create electron-hole pairs. The dye excites electrons, the excited electrons reach the counter electrode through the TiO2 particles of the working electrode, and redox reactions proceed in the electrolyte to operate the dye-sensitized solar cell. Dye-sensitized solar cells are fabricated in a simple and economical manner and have high energy conversion efficiency compared to silicon solar cells. Due to these advantages, dye-sensitized solar cells have received attention as next-generation replacements for existing silicon solar cells. The energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells using liquid electrolytes was reported to be about 12% in 2011. An electrolyte of a dye-sensitized solar cell is required to have high ionic conductivity and good adhesion at the interface between a porous TiO2 film and a counter electrode without the occurrence of leakage and evaporation of an organic solvent. The presence of redox couples dissolved in the organic solvent ensures high energy conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell but makes sealing of the liquid electrolyte difficult. Further, the liquid electrolyte tends to be volatile or leak when the external temperature rises, resulting in poor characteristics of the dye-sensitized solar cell in terms of durability and stability.
Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2087849 discloses a dye-sensitized solar cell including a gel polymer electrolyte prepared by cross-linking. However, the fabrication of the dye-sensitized solar cell is complicated and further improvements are thus needed.
PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS Patent Documents
Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2087849
Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0024570
Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2011-0105449
It is an object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly polymer gel electrolyte composition that is easy to inject and is free from problems of leakage and volatilization. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing the polymer gel electrolyte composition. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cell using the polymer gel electrolyte composition that is stable for a long period of time, easy to fabricate, and commercially viable.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell, including (a) an aqueous solution of a polysaccharide-based polymer, and (b) a liquid electrolyte in which a redox derivative is mixed with an organic solvent.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-based polymer may be selected from, but not limited to, starch, cellulose, pectin, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, dextrin, and mixtures thereof. Of these, xanthan gum is preferably used due to its thixotropy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the solvent of the aqueous polymer solution may be selected from, but not limited to, distilled water, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the redox derivative may be selected from the group consisting of lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, lithium bromide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, quaternary ammonium salts, imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, pyrazolidium salts, isothiazolidinium salts, isoxazolidinium salts, and cobalt-based nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds; and the organic solvent may be selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran, and γ-butyrolactone.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-based polymer is preferably present in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous solution; and the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer solution and the liquid electrolyte are preferably present in amounts of 50 to 60% by weight and 40 to 50% by weight, respectively, based on the weight of the polymer gel electrolyte composition.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell, the method including 1) dispersing a polysaccharide-based polymer in a solvent to prepare an aqueous polymer gel solution, 2) mixing a redox derivative with an organic solvent to prepare a liquid electrolyte, and 3) mixing the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer gel solution with the liquid electrolyte. In step 3), the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer gel solution is preferably heated to 30 to 80° C. before mixing with the liquid electrolyte.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly stable, efficient dye-sensitized solar cell including the polymer gel electrolyte composition between a working electrode and a counter electrode.
The use of thixotropic xanthan gum as the polysaccharide-based polymer facilitates injection of the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte into the porous working electrode to increase the adhesion of the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte to the electrode, leading to an improvement in ionic conductivity and contributing to an increase in photocurrent. In addition, xanthan gum has a network structure in which the liquid electrolyte can be trapped, to prevent the organic solvent from leakage or evaporation, which is a problem of the prior art. Furthermore, the polymer gel electrolyte of the present invention is environmentally friendly because it is based on water, and maintains its initial efficiency while preventing a reduction in efficiency caused by moisture permeation over a long period of time, achieving long-term stability of the dye-sensitized solar cell.
These and/or other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell including a liquid electrolyte, which was fabricated in Comparative Example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell including a gel electrolyte using a polysaccharide-based polymer, which was fabricated in Example 1;
FIG. 3 illustrates a basic structure of xanthan gum as a main component of a polymer gel electrolyte used in Example 1; and
FIG. 4 shows photographs of a gel electrolyte using a polysaccharide-based polymer, which was prepared in Example 1: (a) shows a gel state of the gel electrolyte when no external force was applied thereto, and (b) shows a fluid state of the gel electrolyte after shaking by an artificial force.
The present invention will now be described in more detail.
The present invention provides a polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell, including (a) an aqueous solution of a polysaccharide-based polymer, and (b) a liquid electrolyte in which a redox derivative is mixed with an organic solvent.
The present invention also provides a method for preparing a polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell, the method including 1) dispersing a polysaccharide-based polymer in a solvent to prepare an aqueous polymer solution, 2) mixing a redox derivative with an organic solvent to prepare a liquid electrolyte, and 3) mixing the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer solution with the liquid electrolyte.
Examples of polysaccharide-based polymers suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, starch, cellulose, pectin, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, and dextrin. These polysaccharide-based polymers may be used alone or as a mixture thereof.
Xanthan gum is particularly preferred due to its thixotropy. Thixotropic xanthan gum loses its viscosity at a constant shear rate with the passage of time and returns to its original state or properties when the application of external force is stopped. The use of thixotropic xanthan gum facilitates injection of the polymer gel electrolyte composition into a porous working electrode to increase the adhesion of the polymer gel electrolyte composition to the electrode, leading to an improvement in ionic conductivity and contributing to an increase in photocurrent. In addition, xanthan gum has a network structure in which the liquid electrolyte can be trapped, to prevent the organic solvent from leakage or evaporation, which is a problem of the prior art. Thus, xanthan gum is very suitable for use as the polysaccharide-based polymer in the polymer gel electrolyte.
Examples of solvents suitable to disperse the polysaccharide-based polymer include distilled water, glycerol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol. The use of distilled water is preferred.
The redox derivative used in the liquid electrolyte refers to a substance that plays a role in participating in reversible redox reactions in the electrolyte to transfer electrons between a working electrode and a counter electrode, and can provide redox couples, for example, an I−/I3− redox couple. The I−/I3− redox couple may be prepared by dissolving iodine in a molten salt of an iodide or dissolving iodine or an iodide in a molten salt of a compound other than iodides.
Specific examples of redox derivatives suitable for use in the liquid electrolyte include, but are not limited to: metal halides, such as lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, lithium bromide, sodium bromide, and potassium bromide; quaternary ammonium salts; and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, such as imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, pyrazolidium salts, isothiazolidinium salts, isoxazolidinium salts, and cobalt-based nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Any redox derivative commonly used in liquid electrolytes of fuel cells may be used without limitation.
Examples of organic solvents suitable for use in the liquid electrolyte include, but are not limited to, acetonitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran, and γ-butyrolactone. Any non-volatile, high boiling point organic solvent commonly used in liquid electrolytes of fuel cells may be used without limitation.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide-based polymer is preferably present in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous solution, and the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte may be prepared by mixing 50 to 60% by weight of the aqueous solution including 1 to 5% by weight of the polysaccharide-based polymer with 40 to 50% by weight of the liquid electrolyte. If the polysaccharide-based polymer, such as xanthan gum, is present in an amount of less than 1% by weight, the viscosity of the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte may be too low to exhibit thixotropy. Meanwhile, if the polysaccharide-based polymer is present in an amount exceeding 5% by weight, the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte may be ultra-highly viscous, which makes it impossible to inject the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte. If the aqueous polymer solution is present in an amount of less than 50% by weight, mixing with the liquid electrolyte may be substantially impossible. Meanwhile, if the aqueous polymer solution is present in an amount exceeding 60% by weight, the presence of a small amount of the liquid electrolyte may lead to a marked reduction in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
The present invention also provides a dye-sensitized solar cell including the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte composition between a working electrode and a counter electrode. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dye-sensitized solar cell includes a working electrode 110, a counter electrode 120 spaced a certain distance from the working electrode 110 and arranged to face the working electrode 110, and an electrolyte 100 filled in a space between the working electrode and the counter electrode, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The arrangement of the working electrode and the counter electrode is accomplished by positioning the working electrode and the counter electrode such that a metal oxide layer of the working electrode faces a metal layer of the counter electrode face, inserting a 20 to 100 μm thick thermoplastic film 130 between edge portions of the two electrodes, and maintaining the resulting structure at a temperature of 60 to 120° C. for 5 to 20 seconds to bring the electrodes into close contact with each other. Subsequently, the electrolyte solution is injected into a space between the working electrode and the counter electrode through a hole, which has been previously drilled.
For example, the dye-sensitized solar cell may include a TiO2 working electrode to which a dye is adsorbed, a platinum counter electrode, and the polysaccharide-based polymer gel electrolyte serving as an ionic path between the working electrode and the counter electrode. In the present invention, the electrolyte solution may also be heated after being injected between the working electrode and the counter electrode. For example, the aqueous solution of xanthan gum as the polysaccharide-based polymer becomes thin when a shear stress is applied thereto. The thixotropy of xanthan gum facilitates injection of the aqueous polymer solution. As a result, the aqueous polymer solution easily permeates between the porous TiO2 particles and comes into contact with the TiO2 particles. That is, the electrolyte solution is more readily injected between the working electrode and the counter electrode than other polymer gel electrolytes, and forms a stable polymer gel electrolyte between the working electrode and the counter electrode when an external force is not applied after heat treatment.
The working electrode 100 may be formed by any suitable method known in the art. The working electrode 100 may include a substrate and a dye-adsorbed porous film. Examples of substrates suitable for use in the working electrode 100 include metal substrates, glass substrates, plastic substrates, fabric substrates, and ceramic substrates. A transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode may be formed on the substrate. Examples of such transparent conducting oxides include, but are not limited to, SnO2:F and ITO. The transparent conducting oxide electrode may be any conducting film well known in the art. The conducting electrode may be formed by coating a conducting film including F-doped SnO2:SnO2:F (FTO), ITO, a metal electrode having an average thickness of 1 to 1000 nm, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a carbon compound, or a conducting polymer on the substrate. That is, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the working electrode 110 may include a substrate 111, a conducting film 112 formed on the substrate, and a dye-adsorbed porous film 113.
Examples of metal nitrides suitable for use in the present invention include nitrides of Group IVB metal elements, nitrides of Group VB metal elements, nitrides of Group VIB metal elements, aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, indium nitride, silicon nitride, and germanium nitride. These metal nitrides may be used alone or as a mixture thereof.
Metal oxide nanoparticles, preferably those having a particle size of 10 to 100 nm, may also be used in the present invention. The metal oxide nanoparticles may be selected from the group consisting of tin (Sn) oxide, antimony (Sb)-doped tin (Sn) oxide, niobium (Nb)-doped tin (Sn) oxide, fluorine-doped tin (Sn) oxide, indium (In) oxide, tin-doped indium (In) oxide, zinc (Zn) oxide, aluminum (Al)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, boron (B)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, gallium (Ga)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, hydrogen (H)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, indium (In)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, yttrium (Y)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, titanium (Ti)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, silicon (Si)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, tin (Sn)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, magnesium (Mg) oxide, cadmium (Cd) oxide, magnesium zinc (MgZn) oxide, indium zinc (InZn) oxide, copper aluminum (CuAl) oxide, silver (Ag) oxide, gallium (Ga) oxide, zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO), titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc indium tin (ZIS) oxide, nickel (Ni) oxide, rhodium (Rh) oxide, ruthenium (Ru) oxide, iridium (Ir) oxide, copper (Cu) oxide, cobalt (Co) oxide, tungsten (W) oxide, titanium (Ti) oxide, zirconium (Zr) oxide, strontium (Sr) oxide, lanthanum (La) oxide, vanadium (V) oxide, molybdenum (Mo) oxide, niobium (Nb) oxide, aluminum (Al) oxide, yttrium (Y) oxide, scandium (Sc) oxide, samarium (Sm) oxide, strontium titanium (SrTi) oxide nanoparticles, and mixtures thereof. The use of titanium oxide nanoparticles is preferred.
Examples of carbon compounds suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, activated carbon, graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, graphene, and mixtures thereof. The conducting polymer may be selected from the group consisting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-(poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS), polyaniline-CSA, pentacene, polyacetylene, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), polysiloxane carbazole, polyaniline, polyethylene oxide, poly(1-methoxy-4-(0-Disperse Red 1)-2,5-phenylene-vinylene), polyindole, polycarbazole, polypyridiazine, polyisothianaphthalene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinyl pyridine, polythiophene, polyfluorene, polypyridine, polypyrrole, polysulfur nitride, copolymers thereof, and mixtures thereof.
The dye-adsorbed porous film 113 is a layer of metal nanoparticles, such as a film of TiO2 nanoparticles, to constitute a portion of the working electrode. The thickness of the porous film is not particularly limited but is preferably from 1 to 40 μm.
The dye-adsorbed porous film may be formed using a paste including metal oxide nanoparticles, a binder and a solvent, together with a photosensitive dye, by a general method known in the art. For example, the porous film may be formed by applying a paste including metal oxide nanoparticles, a binder and a solvent to a predetermined thickness onto a first substrate, followed by heat treatment at a temperature of 450 to 500° C. for 1 to 2 hours. The working electrode is produced by adsorbing a dye to the surface of the porous film.
The porous film may include nanoparticles of one or more metal oxides selected from the group consisting of tin (Sn) oxide, antimony (Sb)-doped tin (Sn) oxide, niobium (Nb)-doped tin (Sn) oxide, fluorine-doped tin (Sn) oxide, indium (In) oxide, tin-doped indium (In) oxide, zinc (Zn) oxide, aluminum (Al)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, boron (B)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, gallium (Ga)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, hydrogen (H)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, indium (In)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, yttrium (Y)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, titanium (Ti)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, silicon (Si)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, tin (Sn)-doped zinc (Zn) oxide, magnesium (Mg) oxide, cadmium (Cd) oxide, magnesium zinc (MgZn) oxide, indium zinc (InZn) oxide, copper aluminum (CuAl) oxide, silver (Ag) oxide, gallium (Ga) oxide, zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO), titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc indium tin (ZIS) oxide, nickel (Ni) oxide, rhodium (Rh) oxide, ruthenium (Ru) oxide, iridium (Ir) oxide, copper (Cu) oxide, cobalt (Co) oxide, tungsten (W) oxide, titanium (Ti) oxide, zirconium (Zr) oxide, strontium (Sr) oxide, lanthanum (La) oxide, vanadium (V) oxide, molybdenum (Mo) oxide, niobium (Nb) oxide, aluminum (Al) oxide, yttrium (Y) oxide, scandium (Sc) oxide, samarium (Sm) oxide, and strontium titanium (SrTi) oxide.
The photosensitive dye has a band gap of 1.55 eV to 3.1 eV. Within this range, the photosensitive dye can absorb visible light. The photosensitive dye may be, for example, an organic-inorganic composite dye including a metal or metal composite, an organic dye, or a mixture thereof. The organic-inorganic composite dye may be, for example, one that includes an element selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), europium (Eu), lead (Pb), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), and composites thereof.
A film of nanoparticles, such as Pt nanoparticles, is formed to constitute a portion of the counter electrode 120. The film is preferably formed using nanoparticles of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of platinum (Pt), activated carbon, graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, p-type semiconductors, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-(poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS), polyaniline-CSA, pentacene, polyacetylene, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), polysiloxane carbazole, polyaniline, polyethylene oxide, poly(1-methoxy-4-(0-Disperse Red 1)-2,5-phenylene-vinylene), polyindole, polycarbazole, polypyridiazine, polyisothianaphthalene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinyl pyridine, polythiophene, polyfluorene, polypyridine, polypyrrole, polysulfur nitride, derivatives thereof, copolymers thereof, and composites thereof.
The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples. These examples are provided to assist in further understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLES Example 1 Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Xanthan Gum Gel Electrolyte
5 wt % of xanthan gum powder was mixed in distilled water. The mixture was homogeneously dispersed with stirring for 3 hr to prepare an aqueous polymer gel solution. Then, 1.97 M 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (PMII), 0.3 M I2, 0.75 M tert-butyl pyridine (tBP), and 0.1M guanidinium thiocyanate (GSCN) were dissolved in 3-methoxypropionitrile to prepare a liquid electrolyte.
The aqueous xanthan gum solution was heated to 30-80° C., and then the liquid electrolyte was added dropwise thereto with stirring to prepare a polymer gel electrolyte composition. The aqueous xanthan gum solution and the liquid electrolyte were used in a ratio of 50:50.
A conducting FTO glass substrate (Philkington, 2.2 cm thick, 8 Ω/sq.) was prepared as a substrate for a working electrode (111 and 112 in FIG. 2). Subsequently, a paste including 18.5 wt % of titanium oxide nanoparticles having an average diameter of 20 nm, 0.05 wt % of ethyl cellulose as a binder polymer, and the balance of terpineol as a solvent was applied onto the glass substrate by doctor blade coating, followed by heat treatment at 500° C. for 30 mM to form a 20 μm thick porous film including the metal oxide nanoparticles.
Subsequently, the substrate, on which the porous film had been formed, was dipped in an acetonitrile/1-butanol solution including 0.3 mM (cis-bis(thiocyanato) (2,20-bipyridyl-4,40-dicarboxylato) {4,40-bis[2-(4-hexylsulfanylphenyl)vinyl]-2,20-bipyridine}ruthenium(II) mono(tetrabutylammonium) salt) (TG6) as a photosensitive dye for 12 hr to produce a working electrode in which the photosensitive dye was adsorbed to the surface of the porous film.
A transparent glass substrate formed with a transparent conducting oxide (fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)) layer thereon was prepared. A solution of hexachloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6) in 2-propanol was dropped onto the transparent conducting oxide layer of the substrate, followed by heat treatment at 400° C. for 20 min to form a platinum layer, completing the production of a counter electrode as an anode.
The gel type electrolyte was injected into a space between the working electrode and the counter electrode, and sealed with a general polymer resin to fabricate a dye-sensitized solar cell having the structure of FIG. 2.
Comparative Example 1 Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Liquid Electrolyte
1.97 M 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (PMII), 0.3 M I2, 0.75 M tert-butyl pyridine (tBP), and 0.1M guanidinium thiocyanate (GSCN) were dissolved in a mixture of 3-methoxypropionitrile and water (50:50 (v/v)) to prepare a liquid electrolyte.
A working electrode and a counter electrode were produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The liquid electrolyte was injected into a space between the working electrode and the counter electrode, and sealed with a general polymer resin to fabricate a dye-sensitized solar cell having the structure of FIG. 1.
Experimental Example 1 Measurement of Energy Conversion Efficiencies
The energy conversion efficiencies (%) of the dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were measured using a 1.5AM 100 mW/cm2 solar simulator with a Xe lamp (1600 W, YAMASHITA DENSO), an AM1.5 filter and Keithley SMU2400. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Sample Efficiency (%)
Example 1 4.78 Comparative Example 1 4.99
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, there was no significant difference in efficiency between the dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 using the xanthan gum gel electrolyte and the dye-sensitized solar cell of Comparative Example 1 using the liquid electrolyte containing 50% water. These results reveal that a highly viscous electrolyte can be prepared without a reduction in the conductivity of redox ions as in Example 1.
Experimental Example 2 Measurement of Stability of the Cells
In this example, the efficiencies of the dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were measured as a function of time to investigate the stability of the solar cells. Specifically, the efficiencies of the dye-sensitized solar cells were measured after storage for 1,000 hr in a darkroom at a temperature of 60° C. and a humidity of 60%. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Reduction rate Sample Initial (%) After 1000 hr (%) (%)
Example 1 4.78 4.52 5.44 Comparative Example 1 4.99 3.82 23.45
Referring to the results in Table 2, the time-dependent performance of the dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 using the xanthan gum gel electrolyte was more stable than that of the dye-sensitized solar cell of Comparative Example 1 using the liquid electrolyte. These results can be explained by the network structure of the gel polymer in which the electrolyte solution is trapped, to prevent leakage of the electrolyte solution. Therefore, the efficiency of the polymer gel electrolyte solution could be less reduced than that of the liquid electrolyte system. In addition, the dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 was very stable even at a high humidity (60%).
1. A polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell, comprising (a) an aqueous solution of a polysaccharide-based polymer, and (b) a liquid electrolyte in which a redox derivative is mixed with an organic solvent.
2. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide-based polymer is selected from starch, cellulose, pectin, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, dextrin, and mixtures thereof.
3. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide-based polymer is xanthan gum.
4. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the solvent of the aqueous solution is selected from distilled water, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.
5. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the redox derivative is selected from the group consisting of lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, lithium bromide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, quaternary ammonium salts, imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, pyrazolidium salts, isothiazolidinium salts, isoxazolidinium salts, and cobalt-based nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.
6. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran, and γ-butyrolactone.
7. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide-based polymer is present in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous solution.
8. The polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer solution and the liquid electrolyte are present in amounts of 10 to 80% by weight and 20 to 90% by weight, respectively, based on the weight of the polymer gel electrolyte composition.
9. A method for preparing a polymer gel electrolyte composition for a dye-sensitized solar cell, the method comprising
1) dispersing a polysaccharide-based polymer in a solvent to prepare an aqueous polymer gel solution,
2) mixing a redox derivative with an organic solvent to prepare a liquid electrolyte, and
3) mixing the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer gel solution with the liquid electrolyte.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, in step 3), the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer gel solution is heated before mixing with the liquid electrolyte.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer gel solution is heated to a temperature of 30 to 80° C.
12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the polysaccharide-based polymer is selected from starch, cellulose, pectin, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, dextrin, and mixtures thereof.
13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the polysaccharide-based polymer is xanthan gum.
14. The method according to claim 9, wherein the solvent of the aqueous solution is selected from distilled water, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.
15. The method according to claim 9, wherein the redox derivative is selected from the group consisting of lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, lithium bromide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, quaternary ammonium salts, imidazolium salts, pyridinium salts, pyrrolidinium salts, pyrazolidium salts, isothiazolidinium salts, isoxazolidinium salts, and cobalt-based nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.
16. The method according to claim 9, wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran, and γ-butyrolactone.
17. The method according to claim 9, wherein the polysaccharide-based polymer is present in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous solution.
18. The method according to claim 9, wherein the aqueous polysaccharide-based polymer solution and the liquid electrolyte are present in amounts of 10 to 80% by weight and 20 to 90% by weight, respectively, based on the weight of the polymer gel electrolyte composition.
19. A dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the polymer gel electrolyte composition according to claim 1 between a working electrode and a counter electrode.
Filed: Jan 11, 2013
Applicant: KOREA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Seoul)
Inventors: Min Jae KO (Seoul), Doh-Kwon LEE (Seoul), Hong Gon KIM (Seoul), Jin Young KIM (Gyeonggi-do), Ki Cheon YOO (Seoul), Se Jeong PARK (Busan), Bong Soo KIM (Seoul)
Current U.S. Class: Organic Active Material Containing (136/263); Electrolytes For Electrical Devices (e.g., Rectifier, Condenser) (252/62.2)
International Classification: H01G 9/20 (20060101);


I've always thought of May as the month of white. On my daily walks the hedges and verges are filled with cow parsley bobbing about in the wind and hawthorn blossom cascading down the branches. Interior design often takes its inspiration from nature. With so much white outside here's some ways to spread the white around your house.
Strike a great first impression with a tidy and organised hallway. A sleek white gloss console table will happily house a bowl to drop your keys into.
For that bright white look you'll need good lighting. Not every room in your house will benefit from natural lighting so add to your rooms some pendant lights.
Plain white tableware has long been a favourite with stylish restaurants. Whatever you are serving up to your guests they are sure to be impressed with this selection of plates and bowls. The textured design adds interest whilst still fitting in with all your recipes.
If you work from home don't let your office be dark and dull. A comfortable seat is a must and a Ray and Charles Eames inspired chair will add a touch of timeless designer styling to your workplace.
Nothing says clean like a sparkling bathroom. Accentuate the look with simple white tiles. This look works whether you have a contemporary city apartment or a traditional, Victorian style cottage.
Your bedroom should be your sanctuary and a calm look will help you relax. Don't just stick to white on the walls but also add some beautiful white furniture for bedrooms.
Plain white bedding may be a bit clinical for some people so soften the look with embroidered cotton sateen.
Add a touch of Hollywood glamour to your everyday makeup routine with an illuminated mirror with white gloss surround. Make every occasion a lights, camera, action moment.
Do you like to have white around your house? How do you get the clean, bright look?


text:
WISEtoolkit
WHY SEX ED?
USE the TOOLKIT
Nebraska Department of Education (Legacy Partner)
http://www.education.ne.gov/
The Nebraska Department of Education (NDE) is currently a legacy site. WISE funds supported continuation of a long history of providing technical assistance, training and resources to school districts statewide who seek assistance in implementing sexual health education initiatives that prevent or reduce the risk of pregnancy, HIV, and other STIs.
Women's Fund of Omaha(Legacy Partner)
http://www.getcheckedomaha.com
The Women's Fund of Omaha joined WISE to focus specifically on efforts in Douglas County, as part of the organization's broader Adolescent Health Project. The Adolescent Health Project is a multi-pronged, community-wide effort to increase sexual health knowledge among youth and to improve sexual health outcomes in Douglas County. It includes advocating for and supporting the implementation of sex education in all middle and high schools using the WISE method, building capacity for STD testing and treatment among clinical providers, increasing access to contraception, and sustaining a media campaign to increase awareness and promote best practices.
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text:
1-Hour Boxing Workout
What Is Better for Losing Weight: Boxing or Kickboxing?
Calories Burned While Wrestling
by William McCoy
Calories Burned in Body Combat Class
Does Softball Help You Lose Weight?
Gymnastics Equipment Names
What Is a Marathon Clydesdale?
You probably aren't thinking about the calories you're burning when you're struggling to get out of an opponent's hold, but as you wrestle, your body is steadily burning calories. Keeping track of the rough number of calories you burn -- and thus the fat you lose -- is important in fighting sports such as wrestling, as weight classes play a key role.
The rate that you'll burn calories while wrestling depends significantly upon your weight; the more you weigh, the more calories you'll typically burn. According to Harvard Medical School, a 125-pound person will burn 180 calories in 30 minutes of wrestling. If you weigh 155 pounds, you'll burn 223 calories in 30 minutes, and if you weigh 185 pounds, expect to burn 266 calories in every half-hour you spend wrestling.
When determining how many calories you burn while wrestling, consider the amount of time you actually spend engaged in the sport. Wrestling matches have different lengths and rounds according to the age of the athlete and the governing body. In Olympic wrestling, for example, matches consist of three two-minute rounds, known as periods. Given the amount of time a wrestler actually spends competing, a 155-pound athlete would burn about 45 calories in a full match.
Weight Classes
Burning more calories than you consume results in fat loss, and while many people exercise for the purpose of dropping a few pounds, doing so is not necessarily ideal for wrestlers. Fighting sports such as wrestling contain several weight classes with regulations that fighters must meet before a match. If your weight class is 139 pounds, for example, you must track your weight consistently to ensure that you weigh as close to 139 pounds as possible. To avoid losing weight before a match because of heavy practicing, follow your coach or trainer's diet recommendations to maintain your weight.
A wrestler's training regimen consists not only of wrestling drills, but also a variety of aerobic and strength-training exercises to build stamina and power. You'll burn calories at different rates during each type of exercise. For example, a 155-pound person will burn 112 calories in 30 minutes of general weight lifting, notes Harvard Medical School. If you jog to build your endurance for the sport, be mindful of the high rate of calories you'll burn during this exercise; a 155-pound person will burn 298 calories during a 30-minute run at 5 mph.
Canadian Olympic Team: Wrestling -- Freestyle
MayoClinic.com: Exercise for Weight Loss: Calories Burned in 1 Hour
Toronto-based journalist William McCoy has been writing since 1997, specializing in topics such as sports, nutrition and health. He serves as the Studio's sports and recreation section expert. McCoy is a journalism graduate of Ryerson University.
Stockbyte/Stockbyte/Getty Images
Calorie Calculator for Bikram Yoga
What Do Incline Bench Presses Work?
How Much Should a Girl of 5'7" Weigh?


Lets face it, many were worried that Fallout 3 would end up as 'Oblivion with guns', but new screenshots show that Bethesda isn't afraid to get its hands dirty with some blood and guts.
We've got a whole bunch of information on Fallout 3, so stop reading the preview and take a look.
After a thirty-seven day countdown, Bethesda has released the first Fallout 3 trailer and it's moody as hell.