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Credit unions are community-based banks organized according to cooperative principles. In the early stages of development of a nation's financial system, unserved and underserved populations must rely on risky and expensive informal financial services from sources like money lenders, ROSCAs and saving at home. Credit unions proved they could meet demand for financial services that banks could not: from professional, middle class and poorer people. Those that served poorer urban and rural communities became an important source of microfinance.
The first working credit union models sprang up in Germany in the 1850s and 1860s, and by the end of the 19th Century had taken root in much of Europe. They drew inspiration from cooperative successes in other sectors, such as retail and agricultural marketing (see history of the cooperative movement).
The language related to credit unions can be confusing. In spite of the word 'credit' in their name, even the earliest credit unions usually offered both savings and credit services, and often payment and insurance services as well. And they were known by (and are still known by) a wide range of names, for example: 'people's banks', 'cooperative banks' and 'credit associations'.
Credit unions are best identified by their adherence to cooperative principles, especially related to membership and control. For example after World War II many organizations were started by and/or controlled by governments in the developing world, and were described as 'credit unions' or 'cooperatives' by their promoters. However, government control, whether in a capitalist or communist political context, represents a fundamental repudiation of cooperative principles.
The First Credit Unions
"main|Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch"
The first successful credit unions began in German under the leadership of cooperative pioneer Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch. These credit unions would be recognizable today, since they adhered to the basic aspects of the co-operative identity: that is, they were "based on the values of self-help, self-responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity. In the tradition of their founders, co-operative members believe in the ethical values of honesty, openness, social responsibility and caring for others." [International Co-operative Alliance. "Statement on the Co-operative Identity". Definition]
Unlike many of his contemporaries, Schulze-Delitzsch recognized that the functions of retail lending and purchasing business inputs were best kept separate in the interests of sound cooperative management. In 1852 Schulze-Delitzsch consolidated the learning from two pilot projects, one in Eilenburg and the other in Delitzsch into what are generally recognized as the first credit unions in the world. [J. Carroll Moody & Gilbert C. Fite. "The Credit Union Movement: Origins and Development 1850 to 1980." Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa, 1984, p. 4]
Schulze-Delitzsch was an excellent organizer and advocate for the credit union idea. "Wherever he went, new people's banks sprang up … by 1859 there were 183 with 18,000 members in Posen and Saxony." [Moody & Fite, p. 5]
Schulze focused much of his attention on developing federations or trade associations to help protect the brand of these small organizations, ensure their stability and link them to the global banking system. [Ian MacPherson. "Hands Around the Globe: A History of the International Credit Union Movement and the Role and Development of World Council of Credit Unions, Inc." Horsdal & Schubart Publishers & WOCCU, Victoria, Canada 1999, p. 5.] As a member of the Prussian House of Representatives and the German Reichstag he secured passage of a national credit union law in 1871. By 1912 the people's banks he founded had 641,000 members. [Moody & Fite, p. 5]
The First Rural Credit Unions
While Schulze's credit unions were situated in urban areas and served traders, shop owners and artisans, Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen founded the first rural credit union in the village of Heddesdorf (now a suburb of Neuwied) in Germany. Raiffeisen's approach built on many aspects of Schulze's, but with significant modifications that had important implications for microfinance.
Most of these differences reflected the differences between the markets the two types of credit unions served. Members of Raiffeisen's credit unions were generally poorer than their urban counterparts. Many were ex-serfs, freed in various parts of Germany between 1800 and 1848. They had smaller, more seasonal and less predictable income flows. This made it difficult to rely on standard loan repayment arrangements. The small size of the credit unions, combined with extremely low educational endowments among the people, presented important management challenges.
While Schulze could rely largely on a commercial approach, Raiffeisen's approach addressed the unique problems of the rural poor largely by exploiting the strong bonds of solidarity (known today as social capital) and deep Christian values in the typical village. For example, to make up for the very small and irregular availability of cash in rural communities, credit unions expected their directors to serve in a voluntary capacity, with only the cashier receiving a small stipend. Priests, teachers and other educated villagers were often inspired to serve by the cooperative values advanced by Raiffeisen's movement.
The two leaders and their movements squared off in several bitter debates. Schulze repeatedly argued that because the Raiffeisen credit unions relied on only one paid staff person – a cashier – they were unsafe. The evidence never supported this allegation, however. And Raiffeisen strongly opposed efforts by Schulze to limit the liability of credit union members, because he felt that such limits would dilute bonds of association and the power of the rural banks to fund their loans from the savings of local members.
In spite of this acrimony, by 1913 over 2 million Germans were members of credit unions. Of these, 80% lived in communities with less than 3,000 people. [Timothy Guinnane. "Co-operatives as Information Machines: German Rural Credit Co-operatives, 1883-1914" Journal of Economic History, Vol. 61, No. 2 (June 2001), p. 370.] Their participation contradicted the arguments of skeptics who argued that poor people couldn't be relied on to repay their loans, and that no bank could make a profit serving poor Germans.
"A Totally Different Sovereign"
See also|Bond of association
A key problem in microfinance is that it takes nearly ten times as much work and cost to assess, process and manage ten loans worth $1,000, as it does to assess, process and manage one loan worth $10,000. The total income for the financial institution from these two cases is likely to be similar if not identical. There is a cut-off in loan and deposit sizes below which banks lose money on each transaction they make. Poor people usually fall below this cut-off. In addition, most poor people have few assets that can be secured by a bank as collateral. As documented extensively by Hernando de Soto and others, even if they happen to own land in the developing world, they may not have effective title to it. [See Hernando de Soto, "The Other Path: The Invisible Revolution in the Third World" (trans. June Abbot, Harper & Row, New York, 1989, especially Chapter 5 and the conclusion.]
To address this problem, Schulze's credit unions introduced the concept of the bond of association. This type of bond, which drew on informal systems of lending like ROSCAs, was developed fully in Raiffeisen's village credit unions, helping to reduce the costs and risks of lending to people of good character but limited means. By bringing people together in pursuit of a common goal, it also strengthened local communities. An early credit union historian describes the impact this way:
In other words, the Raiffeisen Banks capitalized on the social dynamics of rural neighbourhoods to overcome barriers to service delivery. A villager who chose not to repay a loan could face social disgrace, sanctions in church and/or severe economic consequences like losses of opportunities to work. In contrast to the credit unions, urban banks that lacked these local information and enforcement advantages could not profitably serve this market. [Timothy Guinnane (2001) pp. 366-389]
Bonds of association were an important innovation in microfinance, anticipating the solidarity lending methodology later made famous by Grameen Bank in Bangladesh.
Federations and Auditing Associations
The federating approach marked a distinctive departure from conventional thinking about economies of scale in business. Traditional businesses achieved scale through a single, centralized head-office with power delegated to branches.
The cooperative model inverted this method, instead scaling up one of its founding principles: individual cooperation between members. Individual credit unions delegated specific powers for specific purposes to a federal body, with residual powers remaining in local hands. By respecting the principles of democratic control and subsidiarity credit union leaders were able to achieve vast economies of scale without surrendering local autonomy.
Compared to Schulze's urban credit unions, the village banks of Raiffeisen were smaller and had to rely on much more limited human resources. This made them very vulnerable to fraud and mismanagement, and (independently of any actual problems) very vulnerable to public skepticism.
To address these problems the credit unions formed auditing associations. "Some of the auditor's responsibility was simply auditing, but much took a more constructive role, providing the local cooperatives with helpful materials and eventually setting up formal training courses for cooperative managers." [Timothy W. Guinnane. "A 'friend and advisor': management, auditors, and confidence in Germany's credit cooperatives, 1889-1914". Economic Growth Centre, Yale University, 2001, p. 34.] This dual role emerged from private sector incentives and was funded from within the movement, by user fees charged to the credit unions.
The Movement Spreads
Even before they had fully consolidated in Germany, credit unions began spreading across Europe.
In 1864 Léon d'Andrimont formed the first of many 'people's banks' in Belgium, in Liège.
In 1865 Luigi Luzzatti, the 'Schulze-Delitzsch' of Italy, founded the first credit union there: the People's Bank of Milan.
In 1872 the Co-operative Wholesale Society in England formed a retail deposit and loan department, which eventually transformed into The Co-operative Bank familiar there today.
In 1878 a network of 'people's banks' formed the Groupe Banque Populaire, and four years later the first credit union in the system now known as Crédit Mutuel was formed in Wantzenau, near Strasbourg.
In 1883 Leone Wollemborg, the 'Raiffeisen' of Italy, formed the first casse rurali in Loreggia.
Credit unions also spread to Austria, Switzerland, Hungary, the Netherlands and the Balkans by the 1890s. [Henry W. Wolff. "People's Banks". Chapter 16.]
By 1889 the movement had spread to Gujarat state in India, where the Anyonya Co-operative Bank Limited was formed in the city of Baroda.
From Europe to America
The first credit union in North America, the Caisse populaire de Lévis in Québec, Canada, began operations on Jan. 23rd, 1901 with a ten cent deposit. Founder Alphonse Desjardins, a reporter in the Canadian parliament, was moved to take up his mission in 1897 when he learned of a Montrealer who had been ordered by the court to pay nearly $5,000 in interest on a loan of $150 from a moneylender. Drawing extensively on European precedents, Desjardins developed a distinctive parish-based model for Québec: the "caisse populaire".
In the United States, St. Mary's Bank Credit Union of Manchester, NH holds the distinction as the first credit union. Assisted by a personal visit from Desjardins, St. Mary's was founded by French-speaking immigrants to Manchester from the Maritime Provinces of Canada on November 24, 1908. America's Credit Union Museum now occupies the location of the home from which St. Mary's Bank Credit Union first operated.
Pierre Jay, a central banker and Edward Filene, a Bostonian merchant and philanthropist, were instrumental in establishing enabling legislation in Massachusetts in 1908.
Filene's philanthropy, combined with the practical implementation efforts of his associate Roy Bergengren were critical to the emergence of credit unions across the United States. Unlike the credit unions of Germany or Québec, most credit unions in the US emerged out of an employer-based bond of association. In addition to the traditional information and enforcement advantages resulting from the fact that members shared the same workplace, the employer-based bond permitted credit unions to use future paychecks as collateral.
The Credit Union National Extension Bureau, the forerunner of the Credit Union National Association was formed as a confederation of state leagues at a meeting in Estes Park, Colorado in 1934. Attendees at the meeting included Dora Maxwell who would go on to help establish hundreds of credit unions and programs for the poor in her lifetime and Louise McCarren Herring, whose work to form credit unions and ensure their safe operation earned the title of "Mother of Credit Unions" in the United States.
In 1932 Bergengren, at the invitation of Canadian priest and adult educator Moses Coady, drafted a model credit union law for the English-speaking province of Nova Scotia. The law was ratified in the provincial legislature the same year, and credit unions rapidly spread to the other Anglophone provinces. The development tools used by the Antigonish Movement led by Coady injected a much stronger populist tone in credit union development, and these methods were spread widely in the developing world after World War II.
Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen. "The Credit Unions". Fifth (1887) edition, translated from the German by Konrad Engelmann. Raiffeisen Printing & Publishing Company, Neuwied on the Rhine, Germany, 1970
Henry W. Wolff. "People's Banks: A Record of Social and Economic Success". P.S. King & Son, London, 1910.
Ian MacPherson. "Hands Around the Globe: A History of the International Credit Union Movement and the Role and Development of World Council of Credit Unions, Inc." Horsdal & Schubart Publishers & WOCCU, Victoria, Canada 1999.
J. Carroll Moody & Gilbert C. Fite. "The Credit Union Movement: Origins and Development 1850-1980". Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa, 1984.
Moses Coady. "Masters of Their Own Destiny". Harper & Brothers Publishers, New York, 1939.
Roy F. Bergengren, "Credit Union North America". Southern Publishers Inc., New York, 1940.
Roy F. Bergengren, "CUNA Emerges". Credit Union National Association, Madison, Wisconsin, 1935.
* Cooperative banking
* World Council of Credit Unions
* History of the cooperative movement
David Cazès
Zentrale Oberstufenprüfung
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Ive had crohns for about ten years. I suffer alot of back pain, mostly at night.
Started drinking a high protien with amino acids shake everyday 2years ago. I also add a high dose powder multi vitamin with it.
Taking this everyday has reduced pain and flares alot. Bowel movements are normal most days, usually going 2 or 3 times.
If i skip my drink a couple of days i start to have symptons and pain again.
I have found i can eat most things in moderation as long as im on my shake.
No meds just some tylenol a few times a week. No hostpital stays in 2 yrs.
I have no idea why this works for me. Would like to hear if anyone else is doing the same.
If your over weight lose it. Walk everyday, your body will deal with better if you get in shape.


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Miller unfortunate at Assen but maintains Moto3 lead
Red Bull KTM Ajo rider crashes on Lap 2 of Dutch TT when trying to break away. Hanika crashes when fighting for fourth.
Jack Miller left the Dutch TT with the same seven-point lead in the Moto3 World Championship that he took to Assen. A crash at the start of the second lap meant he had a poor return for his excellent weekend. His Red Bull KTM Ajo teammate, ask Karel Hanika, ampoule was also unable to finish the race, crashing 6 laps from the end when fighting for fourth place –a result that would have been his best finish in the World Championship.
Starting from pole position, the championship leader's strategy was clear: Impose the pace shown in practice to try to escape from the pack. When the lights went out, he took the holeshot and gained tenths of a second over his rivals with Alex Marquez on his tail. At the end of the first lap the duo held more than a second's advantage over the rider in third place, but when Miller reached the first corner he lost the front end and crashed. With the Australian out, Marquez took victory.
What could have been the best race finish to date for Hanika also eneded prematurely. The Red Bull KTM Ajo rookie gained two positions off the start and was up into the first group, behind Marquez, Rins and Oliveira after they had escaped. Fighting at all times at the head of a group of ten riders on Lap 16, Hanika suffered a highside when braking at Turn 9. Although he tried to remain in the race, two laps later he had to return to the pits.
The Red Bull KTM Ajo riders have their next Moto3 challenge on July 13th, at the German Grand Prix. Jack Miller still leads the overall standings with 117 points, whilst Karel Hanika is nineteenth with 16 points. The German round will be the last race before the summer break.
Results – Race
1. Alex Marquez (Honda) 38:07.648
2. Alex Rins (Honda) +2.960
3. Miguel Oliveira (Mahindra) +3.644
4. Alexis Masbou (Honda) +16.350
5. Niccolo Antonelli (KTM) +16.466
DNF – Karel Hanika (Red Bull KTM Ajo)
DNF – Jack Miller (Red Bull KTM Ajo)
1. Jack Miller (Red Bull KTM Ajo) 117 points
2. Romano Fenati (KTM) 110 points
3. Alex Marquez (Honda) 110 points
4. Alex Rins (Honda) 107 points
5. Efren Vazquez (Honda) 102 points
19. Karel Hanika (Red Bull KTM Ajo) 16 points
Jack Miller >> Audio (solely for radio use)
"It's a shame. From the start I pushed really hard and I was able to open a little gap. On the first corner of the second lap I broke a little earlier than normal and I hit a small bump that made me crash. I went in a little crazier than I thought and the bike slid down. I was unable to save the crash, and it was unfortunate because I was really enjoying the whole weekend at this track. We had worked hard and had a good setup. Now we have to focus on Germany. Fortunately we are still at the top of the standings, but we have to do well at Sachsenring.
My foot is fine; thankfully it was protected because it was struck by the rear tyre. I had to push the bike off me. I was lucky not to have suffered any serious injury."
Karel Hanika >> Audio (solely for radio use)
"Despite the crash, I am very happy with the feeling I had in the front group. I could fight for the podium for a long time in the race. Some riders were going pretty crazy in the chasing pack, so it was a real battle. On one of the laps I made ??a mistake and that is why I crashed. The rear wheel slipped out a lot and made me jump. If I race like this at the next few rounds, I think we can get onto the podium.
I learned a lot today. The battle was very similar to that of two weeks ago in Barcelona. Now we have to focus on Germany."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Managing Director, ICICI Bank, quits on 04th October, 2018 after her request for early retirement has been accepted by the bank. Bank has appointed, Sandeep Bakshi, (who was the bank's COO) as Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director. Chanda Kochar led the bank as Chief Financial officer (CFO) & Joint Managing Director since 2007. Her term as CEO and MD of the bank was due to end in March 2019. Earlier she was sent on forced leave amidst conflicts of interest against her related to Videocon bad loans case. However, bank clarified that the enquiry instituted by the Board will remain unaffected and her post retirement benefits would be subject to the outcome of the inquiry. The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is probing the allegations made against the former CEO & MD.


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HomeSPD News BREAKING NEWSSUSPECT IN STING CHARGED WITH 3RD ROBBERY
SUSPECT IN STING CHARGED WITH 3RD ROBBERY
August 18, 2011 by SCMPD Leave a Comment
SAVANNAH, GA (August 15, 2011): Police are charging a man arrested when undercover officers interrupted a robbery Aug. 5 with a third robbery as their investigation into the group that targeted Hispanics continues.
Paris Marjere Robinson, 20, of the 2200 block of East 58th Street, is being charged today with the July 22 robbery of a Hispanic man who was hit with a bottle. In that robbery, the 34-year-old man said he was sitting outside his apartment when three males approached with guns and ordered him to empty his pockets. He gave them his cell phone and tried to throw his wallet elsewhere in an attempt to hide it. But one of the men saw the action and struck him. The victim declined medical treatment for his injury.
Robinson also was charged Monday with the July 29 robbery of 71-year-old woman. In that robbery on Noble Oaks Drive, the woman was hit by one of three men who tried to take her purse.
Robinson originally was arrested when undercover officers trying to find the group that had targeted Hispanics converged on the robbery of several Hispanic men in an apartment complex off Abercorn Street. Robinson, 6-foot-5, 247-pounds, and Myron Todd Jones Jr., 18, of the 300 block of Montclair Boulevard were arrested in the stakeout by Crime Suppression Units from the Southside Precinct and the Savannah-Chatham Metropolitan Police Department Neighborhood Task Force. They had followed a group led by Robinson to the apartment complex off Abercorn Street.
Robinson was charged with armed robbery, theft by receiving stolen property, possession of a firearm in the commission of a crime and aggravated assault, all felonies, along with misdemeanor charges of loitering or prowling, and battery. Jones was charged with armed robbery, a felony, and obstruction and loitering or prowling, both misdemeanors.
Police still hope to identify the three to four other males who ran from the scene. Detectives from the SCMPD Robbery Unit also are examining as many as five armed robbery incidents in the past week to determine if there could be a connection.
Robbery Division detectives are continuing to investigate the robbery and others that may be tied to it. Anyone with information is asked to call Crimestoppers at (912) 234-2020 or text CRIMES (274637). In the body type, include "CStop2020" plus the tip. Tipsters remain anonymous and may qualify for a cash reward.
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The Lilly Library of Indiana University invites applications for is Mendel fellowships. These fellowships support research by scholars from around the world in areas including the history of the Spanish Colonial Empire; Latin American independence movements; European expansion in the Americas; voyages, travels and exploration; geography, navigation and cartography; German literature and history; and music, including sheet music. Fellowships are worth up to $40,000. The amount of the stipend is based on the length of stay, which may range from one week to a full academic year. The fellowship is intended to cover travel to the library and living expenses while in residence.


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Policy Tensor
Why Stalingrad was the Real Turning Point of the Soviet-German War
Glantz identified three turning points of the Soviet-German War. The Battle of Moscow in the winter of 1941-1942 proved that Germany's attempt to knock the Soviet Union out of the war in a single mighty blow had failed and that the struggle had become a war of attrition that the Soviets were rigged to win. The Battle of Stalingrad in the winter of 1942-1943 proved that Soviet tank armies (ie, combined arms mechanized armies) were capable of operational maneuvers of similar scale, tempo and depth as the German Panzer armies. Finally, the Battle of Kursk in the summer of 1943 broke the pattern of the winter being owned by the Soviets and the summer by the Germans; proved the operational superiority of the Red Army; and ensured that Germany would be conquered by Soviet arms.
Different scholars put different weights on these three turning points. Virtually all historians agree that the decision was clear after the third. The Germans themselves became convinced that they could no longer win after the second. Klaus Reinhardt argued forcefully in Moscow: The Turning Point that the first of these was decisive. Hitler's strategy of conquest, he argued, could no longer succeed after the failure of Operation Barbarossa. There is merit to the early position. The Soviet Union had managed to evacuate a thousand factories and 20 million people beyond the Urals, so that the bulk of Soviet industry and war potential now lay beyond the operational reach of Germany's eastern armies. This meant that the Soviet Union was now robust to operational solutions. The struggle had thus become a true war of attrition that Germany could not hope to win given the Soviet preponderance in armament and the American credit line.
The evacuation of Soviet industry from the western Soviet Union in 1941.
While that is largely right, I'd like to temper that conclusion. It is true that, after the great evacuations, the bulk of Soviet war potential lay beyond the operational reach of Germany's eastern armies. I will argue however that there was still the possibility of an operational breakthrough that had the potential to even the odds, or perhaps even reverse the odds.
Given the primacy of mechanized armies, oil was absolutely critical to the war effort. Baku on the Caspian Sea supplied 90 percent of Soviet oil. The capture of Baku would not only solve the German oil problem—a binding constraint—it would also deny this stupendous resource to the Red Army. The US was supplying the Soviet Union through three routes: the northern route through Archangel, the southern Persian Gulf-Caspian Sea route, and the eastern route through Vladivostok. Control of the Caspian Sea would not have cut-off the Soviet Union entirely from US oil supply. But it would have severely hampered it because the northern and eastern routes had limited carrying capacity. Archangel was only ice-free for a part of the year and there was a single, six thousand kilometer rail link between Moscow and Vladivostok.
US supply routes to the USSR.
Capturing Baku and cutting off the southern route could thus have had a decisive effect on the odds. This was the goal of Operation Blau. The operational targets were the two ports on the Volga, Stalingrad and Astrakhan. (The location of Stalingrad is marked by a swastika in the map below.) If the eastern armies could extend their control to the Volga from Stalingrad to Astrakhan, that would sever Soviet access to Baku. The Soviet armies trapped to the south could then be reduced in detail ensuring German control over the prize.
The strategic importance of Stalingrad.
The objective was within the operational depth of the eastern armies. The German offensive did succeed in reaching the Volga; in the process destroying Soviet armies on the Don. The war hung in the balance as the Soviets mobilized their forces for a major counteroffensive.
German advance to the Volga, 1942.
Many accounts of the battle, such as the one on Wikipedia, focus attention to the battle for the city. While close-quarter urban combat was brutal and of great human interest, the battle was decided far away from the city. The Soviets launched pincer maneuvers to cut off the Sixth Army from its western supply lines and simultaneously attacked the German armies located west of the Don.
Soviet Counteroffensive in the Battle of Stalingrad.
My argument is not so much that the eastern armies could have won the Battle of Stalingrad. Given the forces arrayed against them, that's a tenuous claim. My argument is rather that, having reached the Volga, the Germans came close to severing the communication lines between Moscow and Baku. Had they managed to pull that off, the odds of the war would surely have evened out if not reversed outright. So, contrary to Reinhardt and my earlier claims, an operational solution of strategic significance was still on the cards in 1942. And it was only with the destruction of the Sixth Army that such operational solutions could be ruled out and one could therefore be certain of Allied victory against National Socialist Germany.
Soviet Counteroffensive at the Battle of Stalingrad.
Posted in ThinkingTagged Soviet-German War, World War IIBy policytensor2 Comments
2 thoughts on "Why Stalingrad was the Real Turning Point of the Soviet-German War"
larryzb says:
Hitler's blunders were a decisive factor in the East. Turning south to Kiev in August, 1941, cost him Moscow and beyond. Army Group Center could have smashed on to Moscow by October without this strategically unnecessary detour.
Even Kruschev said the Red Army would not have made it from Stalingrad to Berlin without all the American trucks and supplies shipped to Stalin's Soviet Union.
In 1940, Hitler lost his war by the sin of commission of his infamous halt order that allowed the BEF to be evacuated intact (in terms of manpower) from Dunkirk. His sin of omission which sealed his fate was not pursuing Operation Sea Lion in July or early August, 1940 after France was subdued. If he had done both and occupied southeastern England, he may have won his war. The U boats could have been used to counter the Royal Navy in the Channel.
joe berger says:
Most people are just not aware of the ENORMOUS aid given to Stalin by the West.
British planes were already used in the defense of Moscow already in the fall of '41.
The Brit's sent Stalin 15 million pairs of boots. etc etc.
Solzenitsen said "" we would have all starved to death if not for our cans of American stew. etc google it. Its all there.!!!!
← Brenner's response to "The Empirical Evidence for the Brenner Hypothesis"
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White working class


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Milwaukee museum rattlesnake disappears
Updated: 2:37 PM CDT Aug 14, 2014
Tom Swigert
The Milwaukee Public Museum said their rattlesnake has left the building -- for now.The museum favorite has been entertaining visitors for decades as they search for the hidden button that makes him rattle.But years of use led to a breakdown on Wednesday, and the museum said the snake will be taking a short vacation while repairs are made."I get more action than anyone here at MPM," the rattler told museum officials. "T-Rex and the butterflies will try to tell you different, but visitors young and old are pushing my button all day long. With that much attention, it breaks down a lot. When it stopped working yesterday, I called my snake handler and said this had to stop. I can't disappoint my public."The museum is asking for $5 donations to help get the snake repaired and reinstalled by the end of August. All funds received will be used on the rattler and other museum exhibits.Donations can be made online at https://www.mpm.edu/snakefund
MILWAUKEE —
The Milwaukee Public Museum said their rattlesnake has left the building -- for now.
The museum favorite has been entertaining visitors for decades as they search for the hidden button that makes him rattle.
But years of use led to a breakdown on Wednesday, and the museum said the snake will be taking a short vacation while repairs are made.
"I get more action than anyone here at MPM," the rattler told museum officials. "T-Rex and the butterflies will try to tell you different, but visitors young and old are pushing my button all day long. With that much attention, it breaks down a lot. When it stopped working yesterday, I called my snake handler and said this had to stop. I can't disappoint my public."
The museum is asking for $5 donations to help get the snake repaired and reinstalled by the end of August. All funds received will be used on the rattler and other museum exhibits.
Donations can be made online at https://www.mpm.edu/snakefund


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Q: When rendering from Quarto to Word document images wider than a particular length are rescaled and smaller than they should be I am trying to render a Quarto document to Word and running into issues with images being rescaled down to ~6 inches. I would prefer if the images filled the available page space.
I found this stack overflow post (Figure sizes with pandoc conversion from markdown to docx) that seems to provide a solution when working with Rmarkdown, but the first answer doesn't work with Quarto (I haven't tried the others as they seem more complicated than I want to deal with right now). Example code below demonstrates this. If you render to Word and right click any of the images where I changed the width and go to "Size and Position" you can see that the image has been scaled. Of course, I can manually change the scaling but that kind of defeats the purpose of using Quarto in the first place.
I'm also using a custom lua filter from this post (Changing page orientation in word using Quarto?) to allow me to specify that certain pages of the document should be in landscape, hence the filters: -docx-landscape.lua argument in the YAML. I've included that .lua code as well, just in case any potential solution may need to take that into consideration. The .lua file just needs to be in the same directory as the .qmd file.
---
title: "Untitled"
format: docx
editor: visual
project:
  execute-dir: project
execute:
  echo: false
  warning: false
filters:
  - docx-landscape.lua
---

```{r}
library(ggplot2)
library(patchwork)
myplot1 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, wt)) +
  geom_point()
myplot2 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, cyl)) +
  geom_point()
```

```{r}
myplot1 + myplot2
```

```{r}
#| fig-width: 10
myplot1 + myplot2
```

```{r}
#| fig-width: 15
myplot1 + myplot2
```

::: landscape
```{r}
myplot1 + myplot2
```

```{r}
#| fig-width: 5
myplot1 + myplot2
```

```{r}
#| fig-width: 10
myplot1 + myplot2
```
:::

Lua filter:
local ooxml = function (s)
  return pandoc.RawBlock('openxml', s)
end

local end_portrait_section = ooxml
  '<w:p><w:pPr><w:sectPr></w:sectPr></w:pPr></w:p>'

local end_landscape_section = ooxml [[
<w:p>
  <w:pPr>
    <w:sectPr>
      <w:pgSz w:h="11906" w:w="16838" w:orient="landscape" />
    </w:sectPr>
  </w:pPr>
</w:p>
]]

function Div (div)
  if div.classes:includes 'landscape' then
    div.content:insert(1, end_portrait_section)
    div.content:insert(end_landscape_section)
    return div
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With the Crossover Table, Markus Haase demonstrates his masterful ability to imbue wood and stone with an almost preternatural sense of fluidity and movement. Haase's two decades of experience as a sculptor are evident in his masterful treatment of materials. The wood and marble wrap around each other in a sweeping, interlocking gesture, the rich color of wood contrasting with the elegant brightness of marble.
Available in walnut, teak, or ash. Shown in walnut and teak.


text:
Q: How to see symbols of system libraries of android SDK, while debugging in Eclipse? I have ADT (Eclipse + ADT Plugin) + CDT + NDK + Android SDK.
I'm debugging an Android app using "Debug as"-->"Android Native Application" and it works ok, and loads my symbols, but only them.
How can I see the system function names (symbols) in the stack trace?
I got this from gdb:
warning: Could not load shared library symbols for 73 libraries, e.g. /system/bin/linker.
Use the "info sharedlibrary" command to see the complete listing.
Do you need "set solib-search-path" or "set sysroot"?
warning: Unable to find dynamic linker breakpoint function.
GDB will retry eventurally.  Meanwhile, it is likely
that GDB is unable to debug shared library initializers
or resolve pending breakpoints after dlopen().

When executing info sharedlibrary the output is:
From        To          Syms Read   Shared Object Library
                        No          /system/bin/linker
0x400339b8  0x40062a38  Yes         /<path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib1.so
                        No          libstdc++.so
                        No          libm.so
                        No          liblog.so
                        No          libcutils.so
                        No          libgccdemangle.so
                        No          libcorkscrew.so
                        No          libz.so
                        No          libutils.so
                        No          libbinder.so
                        No          libemoji.so
                        No          libjpeg.so
                        No          libexpat.so
                        No          libstlport.so
                        No          libGLES_trace.so
                        No          libEGL.so
                        No          libGLESv2.so
                        No          libskia.so
                        No          libandroidfw.so
                        No          libnativehelper.so
                        No          libnetutils.so
                        No          libhardware.so
                        No          libsync.so
                        No          libui.so
                        No          libgui.so
                        No          libcamera_metadata.so
                        No          libcamera_client.so
                        No          libgabi++.so
                        No          libicuuc.so
                        No          libicui18n.so
                        No          libsqlite.so
                        No          libselinux.so
                        No          libdvm.so
                        No          libGLESv1_CM.so
                        No          libETC1.so
                        No          libwpa_client.so
                        No          libhardware_legacy.so
                        No          libsonivox.so
0x40997a38  0x40a05ac8  Yes         <path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib2.so
0x40a47ec0  0x40a5cca0  Yes         <path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib3.so
                        No          libstagefright_foundation.so
                        No          libspeexresampler.so
                        No          libaudioutils.so
                        No          libmedia.so
                        No          libusbhost.so
                        No          libharfbuzz_ng.so
                        No          libLLVM.so
                        No          libbcinfo.so
                        No          libbcc.so
                        No          libRS.so
                        No          libRScpp.so
                        No          libhwui.so
                        No          libandroid_runtime.so
                        No          libjavacore.so
                        No          libdrmframework.so
                        No          libdrmframework_jni.so
                        No          libstagefright_omx.so
                        No          libstagefright_yuv.so
                        No          libvorbisidec.so
                        No          libstagefright_enc_common.so
                        No          libstagefright_avc_common.so
                        No          libstagefright.so
                        No          libmtp.so
                        No          libexif.so
                        No          libstagefright_amrnb_common.so
                        No          libmedia_jni.so
                        No          libexif_jni.so
                        No          libsoundpool.so
                        No          librs_jni.so
                        No          libandroid.so
                        No          libchromium_net.so
                        No          libharfbuzz.so
                        No          libwebcore.so
0x4c715e90  0x4c778798  Yes         <path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib4.so
0x4c79459c  0x4c79c7dc  Yes         <path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib5.so
0x4c7af118  0x4c830994  Yes         <path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib6.so
0x4c905a50  0x4c989c10  Yes         <path_to_my_local_folder>/mylib7.so
                        No          libchromium.so
                        No          libstagefright_chromium_http.so

A: No,  you cannot do that with a device that you don't have sources for. If you build your system from the source tree, you can have all symbols.


text:
Q: Scaling Images in HTML5 canvas I have a number of objects that represent an image that I want to draw onto a canvas. Each object has a X, Y, Scale property as well as a render method that gets passed a canvas object. then the canvas tag is passed to each object's render method and they all need to render themselves to the canvas.
The problem I have is that scaling is being done from the origin of the canvas and not the origin of the image. To fix this I've tried the following:
canvas.translate(-this.X, -this.Y);
canvas.scale(this.Scale, this.Scale);
canvas.translate(this.X, this.Y);

The problem with the above code is that it looks like you can only have 1 translation and the 3rd line which is supposed to move the object back to its original position becomes the translation when calling drawImage. If I remove the 3rd line I get the correct scaling origin but the image is moved to 0,0 and not rendered in the correct location.
What is the proper way to do this type of scaling?

A: Try:
canvas.translate(this.X, this.Y);
canvas.scale(this.Scale, this.Scale);
canvas.translate(-this.X, -this.Y);

But keep in mind, doing this you will need to do alot of ctxt.save();s and ctxt.restore();s if you got the width and height of the imagens you could simple do ctxt.drawImage(this.image, this.X, this.Y, this.Width*this.Scale, this.Height*this.Scale); since you don't need to mess with the context state stack it may be faster.
Edit:
The transformations don't affect the origin. What happen is that they must be applied in reverse order. Remember this methods are just shortcuts for stacking matrices in the transformation stack.


text:
Ride-Sharing Linked to Socializing, Cost Savings
With the growing concerns about pollution, fuel costs and congestion, many governments and private companies are developing ride-sharing systems that offer incentives to users. Ride-sharing also is gaining popularity as smartphone apps make it easier for commuters to connect. Participants can download a ride-share app to their phones, log in, choose to be a driver or a passenger, and select from among many potential partners.
But what motivates users to participate in ride-sharing programs? Two Haslam College of Business researchers at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, found that social opportunities and saving money were important to users of such services.
Wenjun Zhou, an associate professor at Haslam, and Wangcheng Yan, a doctoral candidate and graduate research assistant with the college, won the Best Paper Award at the 2018 INFORMS Workshop on Data Science. Their paper, "Employee Ride-sharing: User Choices and Reinforcement Learning," delves into data from one company's ride-share program with a focus on developing a model to understand and adapt to ride-share users' motivations. Learning what incentivizes them will help in designing better driver-passenger matching systems, which improves user experience and retention.
Monetary considerations might seem the obvious reason to participate in the company's ride-sharing program, as it offered a cash allowance to drivers in the program, and passengers could save on public transit fares when ride sharing.
Yan and Zhou, however, revealed that among other findings in their analysis, drivers' strongest incentive was not the cash allocation, but good social experiences with colleagues. Passengers' strongest incentive for using the program was saving money, but interacting with colleagues was important as well.
Currently, the passengers in the pick-up list are ranked only based on destination distances compared with the driver's destination, without considering factors like social relations and departure time differences. Yan and Zhou's algorithm can account for such factors, better predicting and ranking possible matches for ride-sharers.
"The algorithm assesses the utility for every driver and passenger on their own devices, so the ones that our model shows will be better will be displayed on top," Zhou said.
In addition, the data may help companies improve their incentive programs. Yan said that within the company they studied, for instance, the financial allowance remained the same regardless of the length of the drive.
To better motivate participants, Zhou said, "They might need more dynamic pricing to decide the amount to give drivers."
Yan was given the company data to analyze in an internship, and one of the goals of such internships in Haslam is "to work on real-world applications that apply very advanced models to real-world problems."
Yan and Zhou said their modeling foundation, i.e., the reinforcement-learning framework, is commonly used in strategic games and is applicable to business-oriented analytics. Reinforcement learning is a form of machine learning in which an algorithm learns to maximize its objective, such as scoring as many points as possible in a game.
Yan and Zhou added a modification that allowed different transportation mode choices to have different risks, such as unsuccessful pairings, missed rides, and more, whereas traditional methods would have assumed them to have the same risk. This refinement enabled them to estimate model parameters more accurately and more realistically mimic real-world situations. Both noted that the model might be useful for broader ride-share applications, including commercial systems such as Uber and Lyft.
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text:
Local Business News, Events & Restaurant Highlights
SRQ Scoop
Great Reading
You are viewing: The Suncoast Post > Charities > Bring Food Love to Someone Who Needs It
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Bring Food Love to Someone Who Needs It
By: Liz Sniegocki
In: Charities
Tagged: All Faiths Food Bank, Bite Squad
Food Love partnership supports mission to end hunger in our community. Bite Squad today announced a partnership with All Faiths Food Bank to support the nonprofit organization's mission to provide healthy solutions to end hunger in our community. The Food Love partnership, which provides the food bank with charitable funding and employee volunteers, kicks off on World Food Day, observed around the world on October 16, in collective action against hunger.
"While it is our job to deliver food that people love to hungry customers, we are keenly aware of our neighbors who are battling true hunger," said Liz Sniegocki, Field Marketing Manager of Bite Squad in Sarasota. "Through our Food Love partnership, we're collaborating with outstanding local organizations to give back and help fight hunger in the communities we serve."
The Food Love partnership initiative launches today in Sarasota with the donation of one dollar for every delivery order placed with a dedicated promotional code on the Bite Squad ordering platform, through November 30. The partnership also includes sponsorship of the All Faiths Food Bank's annual fundraiser, Bowls of Hope, on November 12, at Ed Smith Stadium, as well as volunteer support from Bite Squad at the event.
"Bite Squad employees will be serving soup provided by one of our quality restaurant partners, Simon's Coffee House, as well as assisting in restaurant check-in for Bowls of Hope," said Sniegocki, who is serving on the event's Community Outreach Committee for the third year, formerly representing Ashley's Food Delivery, which merged with Bite Squad in August. "Bite Squad is new to the community, and we're thrilled to continue the relationship with All Faiths Food Bank that Ashley's Food Delivery built here in Sarasota."
All Faiths Food Bank is one of six Food Love partners along with Feeding Tampa Bay in Tampa, FL, Bread of the Mighty Food Bank in Gainesville, FL, Arkansas Food Bank in Little Rock, AR, Hawaii Food Bank in Honolulu, HI, and The Gathering Place at Hennepin County Medical Center in Minneapolis, MN. Bite Squad has pledged to donate up to $5,000 nationwide towards the 2017 Food Love partnership to help end hunger locally.
Promo Code: Customers enter code ALLFAITHS at checkout for free delivery (up to $10 off the booking fee), for new customers only.) For every promo code used through Nov. 30th, Bite Squad will donate $1 to All Faiths Food Bank.
About Bite Squad Bite Squad is a leading independent provider of online and mobile food ordering and delivery services in the United States. Founded in the summer of 2012 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, Bite Squad has partnered with local restaurants across more than 30 metropolitan areas, hand-picked a best-in-class customer support squad, and assembled a fleet of environmentally friendly vehicles to deliver fresh food from the restaurant straight to your door, quickly and hassle-free. To learn more about Bite Squad or to download the Bite Squad mobile apps, visit www.bitesquad.com.
About All Faiths Food Bank All Faiths Food Bank, awarded a consecutive 4-star rating by Charity Navigator, is a member of Feeding America, the hub of hunger relief in Sarasota and DeSoto counties and serves more than 63,000 neighbors in need through its member network that includes human services organizations, schools, faith-based and secular organizations, and other groups that serve the community. Last year, All Faiths Food Bank distributed 8.5 million pounds of food equating to 7.1 million meals through 184 pantries, soup kitchens, churches, community centers, schools, and programs. For more information, call 941-379-6333 or visit www.allfaithsfoodbank.org.
photos from Bite Squad
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Tamie Adams, our office manager, has been working in the mental health field since 2008. She has experience working in medical records departments and as an administrative assistant in a jail (for the doctors, of course). Tamie's skills are immeasurable. To top it off, she is sweet and thoughtful. Feel free to call the office and talk to Tamie yourself. And, ask her about a 'superbill' – she loves that question.


text:
Q: Imputation in R: How to impute univariate data in R? I am trying classification(2 classes) using Random Forest. Classes are - Red, Green. My dataset contains 1 numeric attributes(called X), and 51 binary attributes to classify a document into red and green classes. However, 40% of the data points(observations) do not have value for numeric attribute X i.e. X is missing. Hence, trying to impute X. I tried using MI, MICE, and other variants(Hmisc, impute). But I did not find them working.
Is it possible to impute when 40% of the data points are missing? How can one impute an attribute based on its class specific data points? Hmisc allows to use median, min, max etc - however, it is not class specific median - it imputes column wise median in NA's.

A: If your dataset has a time series character you can have a look at
this paper comparing methods for univariate time series imputation in R: http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.03924
But actually I guess you caption is misleading, usually you speak of univariate data if you have just one attribute
What I understood is, you have 52 attributes (1 numeric, 51 binary).
So you do not need special algorithms for univariate imputation.
The MICE package should be alright for this task. (even with 40% missing data)
Perhaps you can post your MICE code, that we see what is going wrong.


In Blue's Art Time Activities - based on the children's television series Blue's Clues - Blue and her human friend Steve invite the player to join them as they prepare for the Really Big Art Show at Blue's school. With the help of some other characters from the series, the player will assemble and embellish many pieces to be displayed in the art show while learning some art basics such as color-mixing, shapes, textures, and primary colors. Each activity allows the player to create and save several pieces in Blue's portfolio.
The player is provided with a checklist inside the portfolio, showing the characters to assist and activities to be finished before the Art Show may commence:Help Periwinkle illustrate her storybook using crayons and stickersCreate an invitation to the Really Big Art Show with Marky MarkerFind some recyclable pieces for Al Luminum and assemble a diorama using a blueprintMix colors to advance through a hopscotch board gamePut together shapes to create a mural and story with Chalk Girl - watch it animateOnce all the activities have been finished, the player is ready to participate in the Art Show and select his favorite art piece to award a ribbon to.


text:
Q: is static method safe for this case? In my web jsf application, I display different messages to the user using this method:
private void showErrorMessage(final String message) {
    FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().addMessage(null,
            new FacesMessage(message));
}

which is located in each bean which requires to warn user in some way.
Now, I want to apply DRY rule and to make a static class with this showErrorMessage method to be a static one, but I am not sure if this will be safe... I mean static method vs instance of a faces context based on session, can this produce conflicts?
Thanks.

A: I'm not quite sure how the current instance is returned but I bet a ThreadLocal is used and thus you should be fine with a static method. It's basically just a convenience method for an existing call to the static getCurrentInstance() method.

A: Static methods are not safe when they use mutable variables which can be changed from outside. E.g.
private static String foo; // +getter +setter

public static void foo() {
    // Do something with foo.
}

This is not threadsafe. A race condition can occur when other thread changes foo while the current thread is inside foo(). Yours, however, don't use any externally mutable variables. Everything is declared and used methodlocal/threadlocal. So it's safe.

A: That particular static method is perfectly safe.
getCurrentInstance() returns a thread-local FacesContext object.  FacesContext encapsulates the state related to the request that the current thread is processing.  Another thread would be processing a different request, and would get a different FacesContext instance.


Today, I hold a bodywork class. He is one of participants and has an interesting talent.
昨日、自分の価値を再発見し、その価値を伝わるような言葉で表現する講座を開催しました。 Yesterday I held a course to rediscover my value and to verbalize my value.
I love the night cherry blossoms. It is really beautiful.
No matter what happens to my life, Cherry blossoms bloom every year.


Are your software developers feeling too restricted in their current test environment? Learn how Fuse engineer, Tommy Gain, provides insight into this common problem and details a real-time virtualization solution that was implemented for one of our customers.
By leveraging SaltStack technology, Fuse Engineering is changing the way system administrators manage the entire enterprise cluster, follow industry best practice, focus on configuration management, and remain focused on meeting strict system security guidelines. Learn more about how Fuse engineers Tom Barnes & Garrett Bolling are using SaltStack to provide the benefits of modern systems and a management platform built for agile, efficient and secure delivery of IT- dependent services.
Fuse Named Top Workplace by Baltimore Sun!
On July 11, 2015, Sid Hall, President of Fuse Engineering celebrated his 10 year work Anniversary, and in true Fuse fashion, we celebrated.


text:
EVA Awards 2017 – Ami is Finalist in the Solo Business Category
by Ami Sekhon | Jul 31, 2017 | Blog |
Having won the 2016 Enterprise Vision Awards (EVA Awards) in the Training and Coaching Category, Ami is very proud to announce that she is a finalist in the EVA 2017 Awards – in the Solo Business category!
Ami accepting her 2016 EVA Award
The EVA Awards recognise women in business from across the North West. It's mission is "To recognise ladies who are achieving inspirational, enterprising business activities and inspire and encourage female enterprise and business growth".
As the EVA Facebook page explains: "The entrants are shortlisted and an independent panel of judges will decide upon the finalists for each category. These finalist then participate in an interview with the panel of judges. The judge score each finalist and then it's up to the wider business community to cast their vote as to who they wish to win".
Public voting has begun and continues until the 8th September 2017.
Please VOTE FOR AMI here!
The winners from all categories are announced at a ceremony at the Winter Gardens, Blackpool in September.
Watch this space for more information!
In the meantime why not have a look at a recently filmed video where Ami tells the story of how Cheshire Dog School was started – just click here!
Ami Sekhon is the owner of Cheshire Dog School, which offers dog obedience training, workshops, home visits and much more in and around Warrington, Cheshire. Ami has been involved in dog training for many years and she also enjoys successfully competing with her own dogs in Agility and other dog sports. In 2016 Ami won the Enterprise Vision Award in the North West in the Training and Coaching Category and is a 2017 finalist for the Solo Business award. [more]
Latest posts by Ami Sekhon (see all)
Ami and CDS Win EVA for Solo Business of the Year 2017! - October 11, 2017
How Cheshire Dog School was started - August 2, 2017
EVA Awards 2017 – Ami is Finalist in the Solo Business Category - July 31, 2017
Ami wins EVA 2016 award in Training and Coaching Category! - October 8, 2016
Talking Dogs Scentwork – Scent 3 – Skill Builder - September 25, 2015


metAMOS - assembly and analysis pipeline for metagenomic data.
VALET - de novo validation pipeline for metagenomic assembles.
MaryGold - software for graph-based analysis of genomic variation within metagenomic assemblies.
Bambus 2 - scaffolder for metagenomic data. Explicitly accounts for and detects genomic variants.
MetagenomeSeq - statistical package for differential abundance in metagenomic case/control studies. Relies on a linear model framework and includes a zero-inflated component to handle sparsity.
Metastats - statistical package for differential abundance in metagenomic case/control studies based on non-parametric t-test.
AMOScmp - comparative sequence assembler. AMOScmp was used in a study that identified the presence of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia within several fruit fly genomes (see paper).
Minimus - streamlined assembly program developed specifically for small assembly tasks (single genes, BACs, viral genomes). Minimus is being used to assemble a collection of strains of the flu virus (see project website). Also, an extension (Minimus-SR) was written to handle short-read sequencing data.
Bambus - the first publicly-available standalone scaffolding program.
Minimus-SR - Version of minimus that works with short reads.


text:
Maggy (María Ángeles) Barrère Unzueta (San Sebastián, 1957) es una catedrática y profesora de Filosofía del Derecho en la Universidad del País Vasco, experta en Derecho Antidiscriminatorio. Es directora de la Clínica Jurídica por la Justicia Social de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad del País Vasco.

Trayectoria

Licenciada en Derecho por la Universidad del País Vasco (1979). Doctora en Derecho por la Universidad del País Vasco, con la Tesis titulada Reglas y normas en la filosofía jurídica italiana de inspiración analítica (La Escuela de Bobbio), dirigida por el Dr. Enrico Pattaro (Universidad de Bolonia) y defendida el 19 de septiembre de 1988. Calificada con Apto cum laude por unanimidad, recibió al año siguiente el Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado de la Facultad de Derecho de San Sebastián. Es catedrática en Filosofía del Derecho en el Departamento de Derecho Administrativo, Constitucional y Filosofía del Derecho de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad del País Vasco.

Codirectora del Título Propio "Master en Igualdad de Mujeres y Hombres" de la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea desde el Curso 2001/2002 hasta el curso 2014/15 (ambos inclusive). Directora de la Clínica Jurídica por la Justicia Social de la UPV/EHU desde julio de 2016. Forma parte del Consejo Editor (responsable de la edición en español) de la Revista Oñati Socio-Legal Series desde noviembre de 2015. Integrante del Consejo Asesor de la Revista Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez desde junio de 2017.

Integrante del Consejo Asesor de Aequalitas, Revista Jurídica de Igualdad de Oportunidades entre Mujeres y Hombres, desde 1999. Integrante del Consejo Asesor de la Revista Vasca de Administración Pública, desde mayo de 2011. Integrante del Consejo Rector del Instituto Internacional de Sociología Jurídica de Oñati desde 1999 hasta 2005. Miembro de la Junta Asesora Internacional de la Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Universidad de Puerto Rico) desde 2006.

A nivel teórico su área de investigación ha combinado la filosofía del lenguaje jurídico con el Derecho antidiscriminatorio y el pensamiento crítico (en particular feminista) sobre el Derecho. Sus publicaciones en materia de Derecho antidiscriminatorio la han convertido en un referente en esta área, debido a sus aportaciones contra-hegemónicas al modelo de antidiscriminación establecido en la construcción de Derecho actual. Ha participado en la elaboración de planes de igualdad y proyectos de ordenanzas municipales para la igualdad de mujeres y hombres en el País Vasco.

Obras

Libros
 La Escuela de Bobbio. Reglas y normas en la filosofía jurídica italiana de inspiración analítica. Prólogo de Enrico Pattaro.  Ed. Tecnos. Madrid, 1990. 274 págs. ISBN 84-309-1817-5.
 Discriminación, Derecho antidiscriminatorio y acción positiva en favor de las mujeres. Ed. Civitas. Madrid, 1997. 123 págs. ISBN 84-470-0965-3.
 (Con A. Campos, Fco. J. Ezquiaga y J. Igartua) Lecciones de Teoría del Derecho.  Ed. Tirant lo blanch. Valencia, 1998. 294 págs. ISBN 84-8002-657- X.
 (Coord. con A. Campos) Igualdad de oportunidades e igualdad de género: una relación a debate, Dykinson, Madrid 2005, 233 págs. ISBN 84-9772-568-9.
 El Derecho antidiscriminatorio y sus límites. Especial referencia a la perspectiva iusfeminista. Ed. Grijley. Lima, 2014. 291 págs. ISBN 978-9972-04-455-7.

Artículos en revistas científicas
Algunas de sus publicaciones:
 "Martha A. Fineman y la igualdad jurídica: ¿Vulnerabilidad vs. Subordiscriminación?", Cuadernos Electrónicos de Filosofía del Derecho, nº 34, 2016, págs. 17-34. ISSN-e: 1138-9877.
 (con Dolores Morondo) "Introducing intersectionality into antidiscrimination law and equality policies in Spain. Competing frameworks and differentiated prospects", Sociologia del Diritto, 2016, 2, pp. 169-190.
 "La igualdad de género desde el activismo de las profesiones jurídicas" Revista Vasca de Administración Pública, n º 99/100, vol. I, 2014, págs. 513-529. .
 (con Dolores Morondo) "Subordiscriminación y discriminación interseccional: Elementos para una teoría del Derecho antidiscriminatorio" Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez, n º 45, 2011, págs. 15-42. .

Premios y reconocimientos
 1989 Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado de la Facultad de Derecho de San Sebastián.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Curriculum Vitae de Maggy Barrère en la UPV/EHU
 Publicaciones de Maggy Barrère Unzueta en Google Scholar
 "La desigualdad no nace, se hace" (Maggy Barrere Unzueta, UPV-EHU) vía Emakunde, 15 de noviembre de 2016.
 Clínica Jurídica por la Justicia Social de la UPV/EHU

Feministas de España
Alumnado de la Universidad del País Vasco
Catedráticos de la Universidad del País Vasco
Feministas del País Vasco
Nacidos en San Sebastián

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


You have been directed to this Policy because one of the entities of the Company is collecting, using or disclosing your personal data.
2.3 Your personal data may also be anonymized for use by aCommerce for other purposes.
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3.2 We will only disclose your personal data to third parties where you have provided us consent, and in the situations expressly set out in this Policy. If you have consented to receiving marketing information from us, our strategic partners and business associates, we will be disclosing your personal data to them.
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By now, you've probably noticed Google's new App Launcher, which has replaced the black navigation bar that used to run along the top of most Google products. This App Launcher gives you quick access to Google's top products like Google+, YouTube, Maps, 4Drive, Gmail and Calendar.
For now, this 3×3 grid is not customizable, which for some is extremely frustrating. What if you rarely or never use many of the "apps" on the launcher? There's no way to remove them by default. Plus, what if you'd like to add your own custom shortcuts? That cannot be done either.
Luckily, the App Launcher Customizer for Google changes all of that. It's a Google Chrome extension that allows you to customize the App Launcher and add more than 170 Google shortcuts. Additionally, you can also create custom shortcuts to any web page that you'd like.
To get started, install the extension and visit your favorite Google site (ie. Google Search). Click on the App Launcher icon and you'll now see that it is a 3×4 grid, plus there should be a "configure" link at the bottom of the launcher.
When you click on "configure" a new options window will pop-up. Here you can and and remove services from the launcher (via drag-and-drop), rearrange your chosen services and add custom shortcuts (you can even add an optional tooltip and/or icon). You'll also notice that if once you go past 12 services, your grid will begin to grow to accommodate your new "apps" – good bye multiple pages!
The process is pretty straightforward and in a matter of minutes you'll have your very own custom Google App Launcher.
Note: If you'd like to add Make Tech Easier to your App Launcher for quick access, here is a link to our icon – https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2013/10/mte-icon.jpg.
Excellent!! I was looking for this, thanks!
The biggest problem isn't the extra clicks (which is by the way a gigantic frustration). The problem is that with black bar, you clicked "youtube" for example and it would search whatever you had already searched in google at youtube. Now it just takes you to youtube and you have to write down what you are searching for a second time… So this extension doesn't solve the problem.


My title explains a little about what I needed to experience to let go of an amazing church and allow ourselves to experience another. With all stages in life, there are times we need to break a tie or bond – when our children grow up they need to connect with their future marriage partner and form that soul-tie with them and leave their parents to cleave with their partners.
Life is much the same – at times we have to let go and move on to the next stage of life, the next exciting event God has planned for us and form new bonds and friendships.
I have attached a piece I wrote for our church that includes a small part of my testimony and why it was so difficult to move on into the next stage. Even though the experience forcing me to break the tie was awful, it was essential so that I could embrace whatever God has got planned for me!


text:
Diana Taurasi's Turkish Club Demands Apology for False Doping Reports
Feb. 18, 2011 Updated: Aug. 28, 2017 1:16 p.m.
ANKARA, Turkey (AP) -- Diana Taurasi's Turkish club demanded an apology Friday and the resignation of the directors of the doping lab that issued an apparent "false positive" report on the American basketball player.
Fenerbahce also said it would take legal action.
Sekip Mosturoglu, a member of Fenerbahce's executive board, accused the Ankara-based lab of "inadequacies" and said its report declaring Taurasi's "A" and "B" samples positive for the banned stimulant modafinil had sullied both the reputation of both the WNBA star and Fenerbahce.
"This is the greatest scandal in world sports," Mosturoglu said. "They cannot get away with simple apologies."
Fenerbahce terminated Taurasi's contract after she tested positive following a Nov. 13 league game. The Turkish Basketball Federation subsequently suspended her from play but lifted the suspension Wednesday.
Mosturoglu said Taurasi's absence had put Fenerbahce's chances to win the Euroleague at "risk."
He also faulted some Turkish Basketball Federation officials for refusing to allow Taurasi's "B" sample to be tested at another lab and demanded their resignations, too.
"Our club will take every kind of legal action to the compensation of our losses," Mosturoglu said.
Taurasi insisted all along that she never used performance-enhancing drugs. The 28-year-old American will be able to compete at the 2012 Olympics now that she has been cleared of the doping charges.
Modafinil is used to counter excessive sleepiness due to narcolepsy, shift-work sleep disorder or sleep apnea, according to drug manufacturers.
Mosturoglu said Fenerbahce would work hard to convince Taurasi and teammate Penny Taylor to return. Taylor left Fenerbahce in a show of solidarity with Taurasi.
But Taurasi, who plans to return to the WNBA when the season begins in June, told The Associated Press on Wednesday that her return to the Turkish league was "pretty unlikely."
Nevertheless, thousands of Turkish fans urged the star to come back, posting messages on the specially-created comebackdiana.com website.
The World Anti-Doping Agency, which can suspend or revoke the accreditation for doping labs, said it has asked the lab to explain why it declared Taurasi positive for modafinil. WADA, which has 35 accredited labs worldwide, previously suspended the Ankara facility for three months in 2009 for failing to meet international standards.
Mosturoglu said the lab had accepted its mistake only after an international drug-testing expert looking into the Taurasi case pointed out the lab's error.
The federation this week also lifted the provisional suspension for American player Monique Coker, who plays for Ceyhan Belediyesi and had tested positive for modafinil in tests carried out at the same lab.


Colorado Medicare Advantage Plans, sometimes called Part C, offers an alternative way for beneficiaries who are currently enrolled in Original Medicare, Part A, and Part B, to get that coverage. These plans provide all the same medical and hospital coverage as Original Medicare, but often includes additional coverage for services like routine vision and dental care. In all types of Medicare Advantage Plans, you are always covered for emergency and urgent care. Medicare Advantage Plans must cover emergency coverage outside of the plan's service area, sometimes even out of the country. They don't include hospice care, which Medicare Part A still covers when you have a Medicare Advantage plan. The plans are offered by private insurance companies in the state with Medicare's approval, and some include prescription drug coverage.
Medicare pays a fixed amount for your care every month to the companies offering Medicare Advantage Plans. These companies must follow rules set by Medicare. However, each Medicare Advantage Plan can charge different out-of-pocket costs and have different rules for how you get services (like whether you need a referral to see a specialist or if you have to go to only doctors, facilities, or suppliers that belong to the plan for non-emergency or non-urgent care). Plan benefits can change from year to year, including the drug formulary and provider network. Make sure you understand how a plan works before you join.
Any deductibles, copays, or coinsurance.
What type of Colorado Medicare Advantage plans are there?
Beneficiaries may also choose a Medicare Medical Savings Account (MSA), which is a high-deductible health plan that allows them to choose their providers and health-care services.
How Much Does a Colorado Medicare Advantage Plan Cost?
Does the plan pay any of your monthly Part B premium.
Whether you follow the plan' rules, like using network providers.
Helpful Tip: As with Original Medicare, you still have Medicare rights and protections, including the right to appeal.
Check with the plan before you get a service to find out whether they will cover the service and what your costs may be. You must follow plan rules, like getting a referral to see a specialist or getting prior approval for certain procedures to avoid higher costs. Check with the plan.
If the plan decides to stop participating in Medicare, you'll have the right to join another Medicare Advantage Plan or return to Original Medicare.
Worried About Health Insurance Gaps?
Missed Your Medicare Initial Enrollment?
How Safe Is Your Medicare Advantage Plan?
What can I do if my Medicare Advantage plan leaves?
How Do You Change Medicare Advantage Plans?