Smart Car Forums > Model Discussions > smart fortwo Electric Drive > Level 2 charging issues - test method?
Level 2 charging issues - test method?
Hi all, I'm having issues with level 2 charging. Charges fine on level 1, so I thought it was my charging station. I then bought a cheap level 2 charger online, but it also doesn't charge. I have low confidence that the new level 2 charger is a "quality" unit. So my question is, does any one know how to test the charging port or onboard charger on the smart to see if its working properly? I don't have any error codes or anything. The car seems to handshake, and the coolant circulation can be heard, but no charging initiated.
Thoughts and comments much appreciated.
Try another Level 2 charger just to see if the one you bought was defective... perhaps a public charger.
Yes. That was what I was thinking. The new area I live in only has one public charger within range. So, one day when I have a chance I'll make a special trip over there.
So, unfortunately no it doesn't work on the public charger either.
I called the closest Benz dealer and they were of no help (no surprise). They said to get it towed in, and they'd take a look at it, but their service manager said they've never seen a similar issue before, and admittedly said, they very rarely ever see these cars in their shop.
The only potential piece of information if have uncovered is a blown high-voltage fuse, which would make sense becuase there are two to hot leads feeding into the car and if one of those were blown, it would still enable level 1 charging, but I don't know where on the car to locate that.
Here's to hoping I don't electrocute myself . . .
Remember, a service center is not likely to diagnose and find solutions to fix your problems over the phone. That's not a good expectation to have anywhere because that is their actual business. It's like asking for free food from a restaurant.
Unfortunately, I'm way out of warranty. My inquiry was whether or not they had any experience with the problem, because I don't want to spend a fortune getting the car to them for them to diagnose and then find that they cant figure it out. I'm 150km from the nearest dealer, so it will cost me $200 - $300 just to get it towed to them. So just to get it diagnosed by them is going to cost me at least $600 even if they dont actually fix anything. Based on my past experience with the dealer's service department, I have a very low confidence that they can find 'abnormal' problems.
Have you considered renting a truck and trailer and towing it yourself, for significantly less?
The dealer will certainly be able to fix your problem, but I doubt it will be cheap. It's overwhelmingly likely they're using all oem parts that are brand new or factory refurbished, so the cost of parts will likely be up there. Only thing I hope you don't do is trying to do it yourself. You have nearly 400V running through the HV battery, and trial and error repair jobs should never be done on hybrid or electric vehicles. Risking your life isn't worth it. I'd recommend you at least get your diagnostic from a professional, even if you finish the job elsewhere.
If you have some electronics experience and can use an oscilloscope with capture, you can do some basic troubleshooting of the pilot/handshake signaling.
https://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/archives/b...ring-standards is a decent intro. I think there's a good Wikipedia page as well, but Google didn't turn it up and I didn't have time to go spelunking for it.
Far easier of course is to use another, known good EVSE. I'd even be willing to stop other EV drivers you see out and ask them if they know of/have one nearby.
To presume that the dealer can fix it, may be a little premature. And certainly, under what circumstances they can fix it is even more uncertain. When I had my CLK they performed over $1,5000 worth of work to get the AC working when they finally gave up and said they couldn't figure it out. What I've generally found is that they just keep throwing parts at it until something solves the problem. So I am a little leary when they say they have very little experience with the Smart ED and say that they don't know what could cause the problem.
I may rent a dolly and tow it down myself. That would be the most cost effective route.
Unfortunately, being in Northern Nova Scotia, there are very few public stations and even fewer electric cars. But yes, I might be able to get my hands on some electrical equipment to test it. I'd rather diagnose it myself, that way at least I know if the service department is feeding me a load of BS, when they try to justify the work they claim they have to do. That's assuming I can't actually do the repair myself.
The fact that it charges on level 1 but not level 2 would seems to exclude a problem with the car not handling the control pilot signal properly - because it works the same on either level 1 or level 2 - the only difference is the control pilot signal duty cycle would be different to reflect the different maximum current they can provide (12A for the Smart's 120V EVSE, up to 50A for a commercial level 2 EVSE (although the Smart's on-board charger, or course will only accept about 15A).
For troubleshooting, I'd start with continuity checks between the cars charging receptacle pins and the connector at the the on-board charger end. It might be another case of wire-chafing in the right-rear quarter panel space or engine compartment problem.
The Wikipedia article on "SAE J1772" also explains the J1772 standard well.


text:
More Curious Correlations
Some argue that minimum wage hikes cause labor crises [1] or recessions [2] [3]. Is this true?
Source: Idiosyncratic Whisk.
This graph is at first glance highly persuasive. But then I realized the graph plots the minimum wage divided by the average level of compensation, so it's tracking a ratio. Hence, average compensation (which declines during a recession) is also imparting some of the movement in the ratio. That prompted me to wonder what minimum wage increases look like in relation to recessions. Here is the relevant graph.
Figure 1: Log first difference of real minimum wage (blue), and NBER defined recession dates (shaded gray). Deflation uses CPI-all. Source: BLS, NBER, and author's calculations.
It certainly seems like plenty of recessions don't follow increases in the minimum wage. But to test formally, I undertake some Granger causality tests (remembering that Granger causality is merely temporal precedence). Using four leads and lags, I find that I can reject the null hypothesis that recessions do not cause minimum wage changes, at the 10% significance level. On the other hand, I cannot reject the null hypothesis that minimum wage increases do not cause recessions.
What about the weaker proposition that minimum wage increases induce noticeable decreases in employment? The Employment Policies Institute (not to be confused with the Economic Policy Institute) has been a vociferous advocate of this view. [4] A recent study by Professor Joseph Sabia [5] documents negative impacts of minimum wage increases. I have repeatedly asked for Professor Sabia's data set in order to replicate his results, to no avail. Using the Meer and West dataset, I have found little evidence of the purported negative effects (see here). However, the Meer and West dataset is freely available, and anyone with the requisite skills can replicate my results.
(By the way, this is not a "spurious correlation" in the sense noted by Granger; for an instance of that, see this post.)
This entry was posted on June 10, 2014 by Menzie Chinn.
← Negative interest rates Links for 2014-06-11 →
22 thoughts on "More Curious Correlations"
Ricardo June 10, 2014 at 4:52 am
Menzie wrote:
Menzie, could you give us links that actually support this claim. While the links you provide do say that increases in a minimum wage during a labor crisis or a recession make them worse, these links to not say that minimum wage hikes "cause" them.
Excerpt from first link: "The hikes in 1961 and 1963 were implemented as the US was coming out of a recession, and managed to avoid this odd series of misfortunes." Oops, hikes did not cause recession.
Excerpt from second link: "Now, perhaps the minwage increases did stimulate the economy in each of those years, but the stimulus was not enough to overcome the problems that brought on the recessions." Oops, they didn't cause the recessions?
Excerpt from third link: "Could the minimum wage hike of 2007 have pushed the U.S. economy into recession? "
"Let's begin by saying that we believe that Jim Hamilton is right in that the fallout in the housing and financial sectors alone weren't enough to produce the current recession and that it took the fallout from the oil shock to really sink the economy."
What? You mean they claimed that Dr. Hamilton was right as to what caused the recession?
Can you spell "strawman?"
Menzie Chinn Post author June 10, 2014 at 7:07 am
Ricardo,
The first reference is to "labor crises" so the statement is entirely correct, not recession. Do you even read things and think before going on auto-kamikaze? On 2 read the last line of the reference; the author wants it both ways. On 3, I suggest you reread the subtitle: "Could the minimum wage hike of 2007 have pushed the U.S. Economy into recession?" that suggests to me the thesis had there been no minimum wage increase, we would have avoided a recession. I am confident you have a different interpretation of English.
Patrick R. Sullivan June 10, 2014 at 9:38 am
None of the three links claims what Menzie says; 'Some argue that minimum wage hikes cause labor crises [1] or recessions [2] [3]. '
Ricardo is being overly kind by calling that a strawman.
Then there is what Meer and West actually, themselves, claim;
'For both theoretical and econometric reasons, we argue that the effect of the minimum wage should be more apparent in new
employment growth than in employment levels. In addition, we conduct a simulation showing that the common practice of including state-specific time trends will attenuate the measured effects of the minimum wage on employment if the true effect is in fact on the rate of job growth. Using three separate state panels of administrative employment data, we find that the minimum wage reduces net job growth, primarily through its effect on job creation by expanding establishments. These effects are most pronounced for younger workers and in industries with a higher proportion of low-wage workers.'
Nick G June 10, 2014 at 10:23 am
There's an easy way to evalue the intellectual integrity of a source (and therefore the likely value of investing your time in reading it): just look at the latest incarnation of group thinking, Climate Change (earlier examples include the world's roundness, rotation around the sun, evolution, and the harm of smoking).
For example, we can look at the 2nd site, freemarketalternative. The first clue is that when searching for subject tags, they use "global warming" rather than the consensus term of climatologists, climate change. A quick look at the posts about "global warming" find that they're all in denial.
We can see that this website is unlikely to give us fresh, thoughtful new information.
I know this suggest won't make some people happy. Let me remind them that Climate Change really is the international and scientific consensus. For example, here's the American Physical Society. The American Physical Society "strives to be the leading voice for physics and an authoritative source of physics information for the advancement of physics and the benefit of humanity".
Their current statement about Climate Change is as follows:
"The evidence is incontrovertible: Global warming is occurring. If no mitigating actions are taken, significant disruptions in the Earth's physical and ecological systems, social systems, security and human health are likely to occur. We must reduce emissions of greenhouse gases beginning now."
That's a strong statement.
See http://www.aps.org/policy/statements/07_1.cfm
Kevin Erdmann June 10, 2014 at 11:57 am
Thanks for looking at this some more, Menzie.
I thought about the pros & cons of using the ratio. In the end I don't think it's a problem, because in my analysis I'm treating these series of MW hikes as events. The jump in the numerator is discrete and relatively large. Changes in the denominator of a couple percent are overwhelmed by these binary differences in the numerator. This is clear in the MW/AW series in the graph you copied here. For the purposes of that data, the scale of the nominal changes in the numerator are the overwhelming factor, and the denominator mostly acts as a trend leveler over time and as an estimate of real changes in MW, versus nominal, since real changes are more likely to be related to dislocations.
Since the Federal hikes tend to come in series, the other thing I have done is to treat the series as single events. I did this by using a set 2 year period, beginning with the first hike in a series. There is a shape of employment behavior through these events. Employment tends to drop in the months before the first hike, and tends to be recovering by the time we get past follow up hikes. Regressions of monthly time series aren't going to catch this kind of data behavior. And I've seen analysts who say something like this: "There have been 20 MW hikes, and employment rose after 11 of them, so there isn't any disemployment effect." They really need to look more closely. I think they will find that the positive observations tend to be the last hikes in a series and the negative ones tend to be the first hikes in a series.
Also, along with my treatment of these hikes as grouped events, the identification of MW hike events as a sort of binary on/off issue breaks down between 1976 and 1981 because there are a number of hikes implemented at that time which are generally offset by high inflation. This is why I block out the 1970's in the graph you posted. As above, any monthly data series that includes this period is probably going to get a little muddy.
As for the idea that recessions lead to MW hikes, you might be on to something. We had a MW hike in July 2008 and again in July 2009 when unemployment was at 9.5%. We had passed extended unemployment insurance in June 2008 because labor markets were considered dysfunctional at the time. Then, in September, after the Lehman Bros. collapse, the Fed decided to take a strong stand against inflation, and we experienced a deflationary shock. This is a shocking set of policy decisions, considering the place nominal wage rigidity has as a factor in labor crises. So, the idea that our government is conducting a heartless experiment on marginal laborers, under the direction of Kang and Kodos, is one of the more hopeful interpretations I can make of this. Maybe Congress has a secret policy of implementing MW hikes when they already expect a recession to come.
Here is the simple data set of the series of MW hikes. I created observations of the 2 year periods before, during, and after MW hike series, and regressed changes in the employment-population ratio against lagged RGDP and MW/AW. The most interesting outcome to me was that when I just used lagged RGDP, the errors were highly correlated to MW/AW. If MW/AW was bringing in some correlation with RGDP shocks or labor shocks, then I think we would expect to see RGDP drop during the MW periods so that it would tend to underestimate growth in the periods coming after the MW periods, as RGDP would be recovering by then. But, this isn't what I find.
http://idiosyncraticwhisk.blogspot.com/2014/01/a-couple-more-minimum-wage-regressions.html
Steven Kopits June 10, 2014 at 12:11 pm
The teen employment-to-population ratio went from 45% in 1999 to 26% currently, and we think the answer is raising the minimum wage?
Ricardo June 10, 2014 at 1:24 pm
"Could the minimum wage hike of 2007 have pushed the U.S. Economy into recession?"
"Some argue that minimum wage hikes cause labor crises or recessions. Is this true?"
Which of the above quotes suggests the thesis that a minimum wage increase causes a recession?
Menzie, I wasn't going to respond but when I read what you posted as claiming minimum wage caused a recession and compared it to your first sentence, I laughed right out loud.
Menzie Chinn Post author June 10, 2014 at 2:46 pm
Ricardo: As usual, I have no idea what you are trying to get at. But I expect nothing but incomprehensibility from you. Thank you again.
PeakTrader June 10, 2014 at 11:55 pm
If the national minimum wage kept-up with inflation and low-wage productivity, since its peak in 1968, it would be around $13 an hour today. I stated before:
It's highly unlikely a $10 minimum wage keeping up with inflation would result in millions of lost jobs. Many other variables would adjust to prevent those job losses. Whether the net effect, on the economy, is positive or negative is uncertain. However, the evidence suggests a market failure in low wage income. So, it's likely, an increase in the minimum wage, up to some level, will have a positive effect on the economy.
There are many other factors that have a much more powerful effect on employment. It's possible, low-wage workers have been underpaid for decades.
'It's possible, low-wage workers have been underpaid for decades.'
Boy, all those dopey businessmen who've missed out on this, and passed up profits that were staring them in the face!
PeakTrader June 12, 2014 at 1:48 pm
Like my "dopey" former classmate at CU-Boulder, who started a firm about 15 years ago and has several hundred employees now?
He pays the highest possible wages for his workers, who all earn $30,000 to $60,000 a year, and buys equipment to make the work easier for them. He pays himself $150,000 a year. He could pay himself much more, if he wanted to, but limits his pay.
His philosophy has always been to pay his workers as much as possible and make their jobs easier. Attracting and retaining better workers was likely a major factor why he was able to take market share from his competitors.
And, what about these dopes?:
Worker wages: Wendy's vs. Wal-Mart vs. Costco
"Hundreds of dissatisfied workers at major American companies like Wal-Mart (WMT), McDonald's (MCD) and Wendy's (WEN) have joined protests nationwide in the past year demanding higher wages and better benefits.
One company that hasn't had to deal with such strikes is Costco (COST).
The no-frills warehouse chain pays its hourly workers an average of just over $20 an hour, compared to just under $13 at competitor Wal-Mart.
Sales at Costco have grown an average of 13% annually since 2009, while profits have risen 15%. Its stock price has more than doubled since 2009.
During the same period, discount retailer Wal-Mart's sales grew an average of 4.5% each year, profits rose 7%, and its stock price increased 70%.
Costco seems to be investing some of those profits back into its employees.
Cesar Martinez, a 37-year-old fork lift operator, has worked at a Costco in North Carolina for 19 years. He makes $22.82 an hour, gets health benefits and a pension plan. He manages to save, and doesn't worry about hospital bills for his daughter, who suffers from asthma.
"That's the reason why I've been here for so long," he said. "The company gives you a decent wage and treats you with respect and takes care of you. That's why we all give 100%."
Research shows that it pays to pay employees well, because satisfied workers are more productive and motivated, according to MIT Sloan School of Management professor Zeynep Ton, who focuses on operations management.
"How many times have you gone to a store, and the shelves are empty or the checkout line is too long, or employees are rude?," she said. "At Costco, you see a huge line that disappears in minutes."
The productivity translates into sales, she said.
According to Ton's research, sales per employee at Costco were almost double those at Sam's Club, its direct warehouse competitor owned by Wal-Mart.
The median pay for fast food workers nationwide is $9.05 an hour, or about $18,800 a year.
While the fast food and retail industry is making record profits, its workers are forced to rely on public assistance just to afford the basics."
Kevin Erdmann June 12, 2014 at 7:34 pm
More curious correlations!
spencer June 11, 2014 at 10:48 am
the theory behind the minimum wage thesis is that the demand for labor is downward sloping and a wage hike causes employment to fall.
So why don't we try applying this theory to total employment.
As far back as we have data — 1947– labor compensation has risen each and every year.
If you apply the line of analysis or theory the opponents of minimum wage apply this
should lead to the conclusion that total employment should have fallen every year since 1947.
Of course this did not happen because the demand for total labor and minimum wage labor in particular\
is a function of many thing of which wages are just one. Essentially every model of total employment I know
of, has wages as a very minor element in the demand for labor. The same analysis applies to
minimum wage employment. Unless you have a methodology to hold all these other thing
constant — as the theory says you should — you can not predict what the impact of a minimum
wage hike will be on minimum wag employment.
It is a shame that so many economics teachers do not make sure their students understand that
their theory depends on the assumption of all other things being constant so you can not
just simply apply the theory to the real world.
'the theory behind the minimum wage thesis is that the demand for labor is downward sloping ….'
Even Thomas Piketty admits that it is.
PeakTrader wrote:
Peak,
That is one of the best things written concerning free trade in labor I think I have read in a while. This is proof that the market sets the wage. Your friend's business obviously has skilled workers who can demand a higher wage because he too these workers from his competitors with higher wages and still took market share.
If he were in competition with Walmart he would be out of business almost before he starts paying all his employees $30-60K per year. Walmart shoppers will not pay the prices to support those kinds of wages.
Comparing Costco to Walmart is apples and oranges. Costco must be compared to Sam's Club, Walmart's warehouse sales. First your $20/hour is bogus. A front end supervisor only makes $22/hr. The average for Costco is closer to $12/hr. Sam's Club pays slightly less, around $11/hr. But then BJ's pays about $10/hr. It is interesting that BJs charges the most for merchandise. Employeees at Costco and Sam's will earn about the same. Customers at Costco and Sam's pay about the same. Guess what? The market dictates wages and prices even at warehouse clubs.
Just one other comment on Costco v Sam's. Sam's pays its managers more than Costco. This has been the technique of the Walton management style from the beginning. Sam Walton paid an entry level wage then those who were the best workers were moved into management and paid based on their sales success. Sam Walton created more low education millionaires than any one in history.
The market wage is too low. That's why it's a market failure, resulting in productivity and output that are too low.
'He pays the highest possible wages for his workers, who all earn $30,000 to $60,000 a year, and buys equipment to make the work easier for them. '
In other words, he substitutes capital for low skill labor and only employs higher skill labor. Pretty much textbook economics.
All of which ignores the plight of low skill workers and those who work in non-capital intensive industry. Or for employers who simply don't have the resources to provide their workforce with capital, to enhance productivity. I.e. the people who will be hurt by a minimum wage that is above the market clearing wage for low/un-skilled labor.
Why do you hate the poor?
Why do you want workers to work harder than they have to for less wages?
Why do you want less demand, to generate fewer jobs, which hurts the "poor?"
Why do you want to prevent production of capital equipment, to create jobs, including for "poor" workers?
And, why do you assume poor people are too dumb to handle capital equipment?
Moreover, why do you want to keep firms that can't even afford capital equipment?
And, prevent better firms from expanding?
Furthermore, why do you want to slow or stop freeing-up limited resources to expand the economy?
westslope June 17, 2014 at 5:43 pm
"I have repeatedly asked for Professor Sabia's data set in order to replicate his results, to no avail. " -MC
Good on ya man. Thanks for doing this. Thanks for attempting to rigorously test these various propositions.
I would have been tempted to simply dismiss the minimum wage hikes cause recessions hypothesis out of hand. I am not a fan of high minimum wages but that story makes no sense whatsoever.
Minimum wage hikes may increase structural unemployment. Slightly. I thought that was the stylized fact/received wisdom. But then I wouldn't be surprised if that was difficult to empirically verify.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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    return opts;
}

function mergeProperties(objectA, objectB) {
    for (var prop in objectB) {
        if (!objectA[prop]) {
            objectA[prop] = objectB[prop];
        }
    }
}

function addAliasesToPrototype(proto, aliases) {
    var propertiesObj = {};

    for (var i = 0; i < aliases.length; i++) {
        propertiesObj[aliases[i]] = createAliasObject(aliases[i]);
    }

    Object.defineProperties(proto, propertiesObj);
}

function createAliasObject(alias_name) {
    return {
        enumerable: true,
        get: function() {
            return this.opts[alias_name];
        },
        set: function(val) {
            this.opts[alias_name] = val;
        }
    };
}

module.exports = exports = {
    create: create,
    Protogram: Protogram
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The 2014 newly furnished apartment is located in Lichtenhain on the edge of the Saxon Switzerland National Park.
The apartment has a floor space of about 45 m² and is located on the first floor of a former farmhouse where the owner also lives. The ground floor and attic there are more rooms. Access to the apartment and to vacation rooms is via a shared entrance and staircase. The apartment is light, bright and modern, with satellite-TV, Dishwasher and free internet connection. The open kitchen has all the necessary cooking equipment and comfortable sitting area provides enough space for all guests. In the first bedroom has a comfortable double bed (180 cm x 200 cm) and a wardrobe. The second bedroom has a bunk bed (90 cm x 200 cm). The modern bathroom with rain shower is very bright thanks to the large window.
With 2400 square the property has plenty of space for playing children. In addition, stands for the guests a barbecue pavilion available. The parking space is located at the house or on the street.
From your own mountain, the very good for a picnic is (distance 100 m), a magnificent panorama itself offers Winterberg, Affensteine, Schrammsteine, King and Lilienstein, Unger, and Tanzplan, the volcanic cones in Bohemia and cowshed. Targets in the rear Saxon Switzerland and in Kirnitzschtal can easily be hiked from the house. Until the Lichtenhain waterfall it is three kilometers. Nearest shopping facilities are located approximately four kilometers away.
Unseren Kurzurkaub konnten wir hier richtig genießen. Von Lichtenhain aus sind viele Ausflugsziele des Elbsandsteingebirges nicht weit entfernt.
Die Vermieter waren immer sehr nett. Die Wohnung war modern und neuwertig eingerichtet. Es war alles da, was wir gebraucht haben.
Es hat uns wirkich gut gefallen und wir kommen gerne wieder.
The town has three restaurants, a bowling alley, a doctor's office, a football pitch and a children's playground.


text:
Pancreatitis & Low Potassium
Chizorom Ebisike
Chizorom Ebisike is a physician who has worked in both clinical research and medical writing since 2009. She has published articles on the respiratory system and nutrition. She has earned a Doctor of Medicine from University of Medicine and a Bachelor of Arts in nutritional sciences from Rutgers University.
Normal potassium levels in the blood must be maintained to prevent dysfunction of nerves and muscles. Potassium balance is maintained by intake of potassium in diet and regulation of potassium excretion. According to Irwin and Rippe's "Intensive Care Medicine," 80 percent of pancreatitis cases are associated with nausea and vomiting, which can result in hypokalemia, or low potassium levels.
pancreatitis can cause nausea and vomiting. (Image: Wavebreakmedia/iStock/Getty Images)
What Exactly is Pancreatitis?
Pancreatitis is the inflammation, or irritation, of the pancreas; it can develop acutely or chronically over an extended period of time. The pancreas produces hormones that help in glucose metabolism and enzymes that aid in digestion; pancreatitis can interfere with the function of the pancreas, thereby interfering with pancreas-related processes. In pancreatitis, no observed correlation exists between the duration of onset and changes in pancreatic tissue; also severity of symptoms do not necessarily correlate with the acuteness of pancreatitis.
Symptoms of Pancreatitis
Almost all cases of pancreatitis are associated with pain; according to Irwin and Rippe's "Intensive Care Medicine," pancreatic pain is characteristically described as a knife-like sensation felt in the upper portion of the abdomen and is referred to the mid-back. Nausea and vomiting, which can lead to hypokalemia, are also frequently seen in pancreatitis. Other commonly observed symptoms include abdominal distension, tensing of abdominal wall and jaundice. Bloody stool and vomiting of blood also occur in pancreatits, but are rare.
Symptoms of Hypokalemia
Blood potassium is considered low, when levels drop below 3.5 milliequivalents per liter, or mEq/L, of blood. Mild hypokalemia is infrequently associated with symptoms, but moderate to severe hypokalemia are always associated with symptoms. Symptoms of hypokalemia include muscle pain or aches, muscle weakness and constipation. Severe hypokalemia is associated with muscle paralysis and reduced or absent reflexes. Imbalance of potassium can also interfere with electrical activity in the heart, which can manifest in the electrocardiogram, a tool used for observing heart function and detecting heart conditions.
Treatment of Pancreatitis and Hypokalemia
When treating pancreatitis, the most discomforting symptoms and most life-threatening complications are addressed first. Pain is often among problems initially addressed in pancreatitis; according to "Davidson's Principles & Practice of Medicine," meperidine -- an opioid painkiller -- can be used in treating pain associated with pancreatitis. Hypovolemia, or low blood volume, and accumulation of fluid in the lungs are pancreatic-related complications that must be addressed promptly. When hypokalemia develops, ingestion of oral tablets of potassium chloride, or KCl, is sufficient in restoring normal blood potassium levels. Severe cases of hyperkalemia may involve injecting potassium intravenously. Additional treatments and care given to pancreatic patients, include antibiotics, placement of nasogastric tube for feeding, heparin and removal of gallstones if present.
"Irwin and Rippe's Intensive Care Medicine"; Acute Pancreatitis; Richard S. Irwin and James M. Rippe; 2008
Medline Plus: Potassium Test
PubMed Health: Hypokalemia
"Davidson's Principles & Practice of Medicine; Nicholas A. Boon; 2006
CoQ10 For Bradycardia
Possible Reasons for Lower Abdominal Pain
Pancreas, Sweating & Weight Loss
Causes for Severe Abdominal Pain & Swelling
Signs of a Hernia After a Gastric Bypass
High Potassium and Cancer


I met Lior Arussy at the CEO to CEO Event in New York City and I was struck by his ability to help companies embrace and navigate successful change initiatives. He shared some of his insights with me and that prompted me to read his book "Next is Now, 5 Steps for Embracing Change." The book is a business book, but the strategies work for personal changes as well as business related transformation. As one of the key themes that I talk about in Corporate Governance and business is ensuring that your company is future proofed to survive today's quickly changing business environment, this book seemed like a natural fit for my personal library.
No longer is adaptability the key to business success, you can't just iterate and improve on the last thing you did. You have to be able to actually pivot, change and take the next step. The book posits that this is an ability that can be learned and built into your muscle memory so you become better and better at it; Lior calls it change-resiliency. These skills won't help you if you are the only one buying in, so you have to be able to bring your entire organization with you in learning and embracing change-resiliency.
Focus on the core cause, your "why" – ensure your employees, from the front line understand the reason for the change. "It comes from the top" isn't going to work in the long run. They must have ownership as well.
Demonstrate your personal commitment to change – what will you personally do different to prove you are committed to making the change?
Start Every Interaction by asking "What Next?" – continually looking for a better way in everything you do will build that curiosity and openness to change that will ensure you find better ways to do old things.
Highlight what doesn't change – there is comfort in constants. So allow that some things will remain the same and recognize them.
Set expectations – understand the plan will change, that you aren't successful everytime, and that you don't have all the answers in advance.
Seek improvement – not validation – Surveys that must come back with perfect 10s don't provide valuable information. Ask different constituents how you can change, what their unmet needs are, what you can do better, specifically.
Emphasize ownership of the outcome – allow people to choose how they get tasks accomplished, but hold them to deadlines and outcomes. If they own the process you'll get the best result.
Recognize the difference between employees' styles – allow for employees to choose different methods of execution, and encourage them to share ideas.
Encourage experimentation – even if something is working, there is likely a better way to do it. Formalize this pursuit through regular meetings on innovation.
Celebrate innovation – recognize those who embrace transformation, even if it isn't always successful.
Change resiliency isn't just part of a one time corporate transformation, it must be built in to the corporate culture on a day to day basis. To do that you have to provide your employees with three things: aspirational goals that will motivate and challenge them, the tools to accomplish those goals, and the safety net to catch them if they fail. It always comes back to the "why." If you ensure that your constituents, your stakeholders understand the reason for the change, you will have a much better chance of success. When you describe the reason, weave in the human story, people are motivated by people not charts and graphs.


Claudia Caldareri is a Primary School Teacher from St Mary's Catholic Primary School, Concord. She is a Dance Tutor within the CaSPA Program and enjoys participating in Dance workshops with her dance students.
Claudia began dancing at the age of three in Jazz, Tap and Ballet. This led her to be involved in Dance Troupe and become a Dance Teacher.
One of Claudia's dance highlights was being involved in the 2000 Jubilee movement as a dancer at the age of nine years old. She is thrilled to have the opportunity to share her love for dance and is excited to be apart of this program to assist students to develop and showcase their dance skills.


text:
Im Soo Jung And Lee Do Hyun Are Dedicated To Become One With Their Characters In "Melancholia" Behind-The-Scenes Photos
by L. Kim
tvN's new drama "Melancholia" shared a new behind-the-scenes look at the lead actors hard at work!
"Melancholia" is set in a private school rife with corruption. Im Soo Jung plays passionate math teacher Ji Yoon Soo who actively encourages her students in a world where only the answers are taught. Lee Do Hyun plays a former math prodigy named Baek Seung Yoo, who attended MIT as an engineering major at the young age of 10 years old, but dropped out suddenly after two years and is currently ranked last in his class. The two come together to fight and overcome social conventions and prejudices.
The newly released behind-the-scenes photos show Im Soo Jung and Lee Do Hyun's passion for the drama. They immerse into their characters even when they're not filming.
First of all, Im Soo Jung exudes her own soft sensibility that synchronizes well with her character's romantic atmosphere. She carefully monitors her acting and showcases professional behavior on the set.
Other photos show Lee Do Hyun deeply focused on his script and paying attention to the details of the chessboard. His concentration and passion resembles his genius character's personality, and fans are eagerly waiting to see how he will portray Baek Seung Yoo.
"Melancholia" premieres on November 10 at 10:30 p.m. KST and will be available on Viki.
Watch a teaser here!
Im Soo Jung
Lee Do Hyun


This report provides information about the Mainline public issues (IPO's) Over-subscription and there price movement on the day of listing at BSE and NSE in India. The report covers all the IPO' stocks listed after year 2007.
The definition of the column titles in the below table are provide at the bottom of the page. If you find any difficulties understanding this report or would like to report a data error, please contact us.
Issue Price: The price of share issued to public.
Open Price: The price at which the first trade happened on listing day.
Low Price: The lowest price IPO share traded on listing day.
High Price: The highest price IPO share traded on listing day.
Close Price: The listing day closing price of IPO share.
* % Change: Percent gain/loss from Issue price to the close Price.


text:
Alexander Hamilton: GPS
March 25, 2014 by Peter McNamara
"Alexander Hamilton: First Secretary of the Treasury; Soldier, Orator, Statesman, Champion of Constitutional Union, Representative Government and National Integrity."
So reads the inscription at the base of the James Earle Fraser statue of Alexander Hamilton that stands on the south patio of the Treasury building in Washington D.C. The statue portrays a young, vigorous, and confident Hamilton. It is a fitting tribute to the complex and versatile man who worked so tirelessly for his adopted country.
On the more conspicuous north patio fronting Pennsylvania Avenue stands another Fraser statue, this one of Thomas Jefferson's Treasury Secretary, Albert Gallatin. The story behind these two statutes is told by Stephen Knott in his revealing book, Alexander Hamilton and the Persistence of Myth (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2002). They are part of the larger story of Hamilton's twentieth century fall from grace. The statues are representative of the ideological battle that led to Hamilton's marginalization in the public and scholarly eye as an allegedly authoritarian and militaristic presence at the Founding who was, so the story goes, finally vanquished by the Jeffersonian victory in 1800. Knott shows how Progressives and Democrats, including FDR, not only sided with Jefferson but also saw the political merits of using Jefferson as a unifying national symbol. Knott traces Hamilton's ups and downs in the nineteenth century as well, making his work a much needed companion piece to Merrill Peterson's The Jefferson Image in the American Mind.
Knott believes that Hamilton has been very unfairly treated since the first Jeffersonian ascendancy. Only during the period of Republican dominance after the Civil War did Hamilton come close to receiving his due. Knott exposes as false many of the still prevalent "myths" surrounding Hamilton, such as the claim he once referred to the people as a "great beast." Knott acknowledges that Hamilton was a controversial figure, whose views on democracy in particular were out of step with his own time and with ours, but suggests that "beneath his highly colored reputation, Hamilton was the most forward looking of the framers responsible in many ways for creating the innovative institutions that have flourished for over two centuries."
Knott notes the positive trend in recent Hamilton scholarship. This trend really began in the 1970s with fine and influential books by Gerald Stourzh and especially Forrest McDonald. Ron Chernow's massive 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton (New York: Penguin Press, 2004) represents a splendid culmination of this trend. Chernow masterfully tells the story of Hamilton's prodigious accomplishments as Treasury Secretary, stressing Hamilton's grasp of the essentials of a modern financial system. Chernow may understate the extent to which Jefferson, hardly a Luddite, had a relatively coherent alternative vision of "capitalism" but he makes a compelling case that Hamilton's grasp of economic fundamentals far exceeded his peers and rivals. Chernow's biography is notable also for the way in which in brings to life Hamilton the private man. The Hamilton who was so warmly loved and admired by family and friends was polished in his manners, generous in his habits, and supremely engaging in company. Chernow also provides a poignant portrait of Elizabeth, Hamilton's devoted wife, who survived him by some fifty years.
Karl Walling's impressive Republican Empire: Alexander Hamilton on War and Free Government (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1999) extends earlier work on Hamilton's republicanism by Stourzh andHarvey Flaumenhaft. Walling dispels the myth of Hamilton the monarchist by constructing a republican constitutional spectrum with "vigilance" and "responsibility" as its two poles. Jeffersonian republicanism stressed popular vigilance as the key to the preservation of liberty, whereas Hamilton's republicanism stressed the need create institutions that enhanced responsibility, the placing of power in one or a few hands to harness ambition and to increase accountability. Walling focuses on Hamilton's realization that a free government must be "fit for war" as well as "safe for liberty." On a related point, Walling shows, in his account of Hamilton's strategic thinking in the late 1790s, that Hamilton's assessment of the French threat was reasonable, thereby providing a rebuttal to the longstanding charge that Hamilton was a dangerous militarist who used the specter of France to amass an army that he intended to use to suppress Jeffersonian democracy.
No account of Hamilton would be complete without mention of the event that seems so incredible today: Aaron Burr, the sitting Vice-President of the United States, killing Hamilton, the former Secretary of the Treasury, in a duel. It was once fashionable to discuss the duel in terms of Hamilton's erratic personality or his fragile sense of self or even his death wish, all of which were traceable to his disordered childhood. Joanne Freeman's highly engaging Affairs of Honor: National Politics in the Early Republic (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2001) opens up a new and persuasive alternative. The duel should not surprise us. Duels were still common at the time and especially among military men such as Hamilton and Burr. They were part of an elaborate culture of honor that held a gentleman's reputation to be something worth preserving at all costs, including the risk of a duel. Hamilton and Burr followed precisely the rituals of an affair of honor and when they could not resolve the matter to each other's satisfaction they resorted to dueling pistols. The goal of each party in such an affair was to prove his honor by showing his willingness to risk all. It was not necessary to kill. If there was a surprise in the duel at Weehawken, it is that Burr seems to have deliberately chosen to kill Hamilton.
These new perspectives on Hamilton have not only given us a new and more accurate account of Hamilton but they have also made possible a richer and more nuanced approach to the history and the political thought of the Founding period. Hamilton will likely remain a controversial figure but there is no longer any excuse for using him as a mere villainous foil in the story of the rise of American democracy.
Peter McNamara teaches political theory at Utah State University. He specializes in early modern and American political thought. He is the author of Political Economy and Statesmanship: Smith, Hamilton and the Foundation of the Commercial Republic and the editor of The Noblest Minds: Fame, Honor and the American Founding, and, most recently (with Louis Hunt), Liberalism, Conservatism and Hayek's Idea of Spontaneous Order.


It's remarkable to find out that 98% of Dubai residents have health insurance. Yet, that is reality. This is part of a wider trend concerning how people are obtaining what amounts to essential medical cover, in an increasingly confusing, connected world. There are also other incredible trends worth considering. Let's have a look at what these are and why they matter. It can inform your own health decisions and the ones you might have to make for loved ones.
As Gulf Business reports, the majority of Dubai residents now have medical cover: "Over four million Dubai residents – accounting for about 98 per cent of the emirate's population – now have health insurance, according to the Dubai Health Authority (DHA)." What makes the case interesting is due to it being mandatory. People who do not have cover will be fined, meaning it probably makes more sense to simply sign up.
This is an unusual case, since elsewhere in the world there are no such severe penalties. People can lose work Visas if they fail to comply with the law. However, unlike other areas of the world, Dubai is prosperous and can afford to manage this kind of healthcare for its citizens.
Even in America, universal healthcare is an issue. As health professor Timothy Callaghan notes: "The United States remains one of the only advanced industrialized democracies in the world without universal coverage." As Callaghan outlines, there are a number of uniquely American reasons why it has not happened, such as American ideas about individualism and the power of lobby groups whose businesses (in the healthcare industry) would lose out if it happened.
However, as the world becomes more developed, with more people becoming doctors, smarter, younger people taking charge of governmental systems, you can expect to see universal healthcare become top priority. Though the infrastructure might not be there for many places, it's seen as a goal worth attaining.
Precision is also essential for all forms of medical intervention. Reducing waste is a by-product of efficiently creating medical objects. Any mistakes could result in the patient suffering. A poorly made prosthetic, for example, could cause pain. But using proper measurements and precise 3D-printing capabilities means reducing this chance dramatically.
As always, healthcare is very concerned with eradicating disease. One of the worst in recent years has been HIV/Aids. Recent studies provide enormous promise. As Al Jazeera reports: "a drug already taken by thousands of people for intestinal conditions appeared to control the monkey version of HIV." This is building off research showing dramatic declines in mortality as a result of being infected with the virus. It is now no longer a death sentence, but can be managed. Though it is not a cure, it still shows how incredibly advanced medicine has become.
Indeed, influencers like Mark Zuckerberg have put their fortune behind curing all disease. The idea is not so far fetched, given time and money – both of which, within just this century, saw people travel to the moon and back, create the internet and talk to thinking machines.
The future of healthcare is hopeful, though it will take some time before any big announcements happen.


We need to create your perfect dress shirt.
Button up the shirt and lay flat on its back. Place the measuring tape at the bottom of the armpit seam and measure straight across to the same point on the other side.
Button up the shirt and lay it flat. Place your measuring tape just above the narrowest part of the shirt and measure straight across from the left to the right.
Button up the shirt and lay it flat and make sure there are no wrinkles or folds. Place the measuring tape about 2-3 inches above the bottom left hem and measure straight across to the same point on the other side of the shirt.
Lay the shirt flat on its front. Place the measuring tape at the seam where the yoke attaches to the sleeve. Measure straight across to the same point on the other end of the shirt.
Spread the cuff of the shirt out as flat as possible with the outside facing up. Take the measuring tape and place it at the left edge of the cuff on the seam that attaches the cuff to the sleeve. Measure straight across to the other end of the cuff.
Lay the shirt and spread out the sleeve. Take your measuring tape and measure the width of the arm from left to right.
Lay the shirt flat out on its back. Place the measuring tape at the stem where the sleeve attaches to the yoke. Measure straight down to the very end of the cuff.
Lay the shirt out flat. Take your measuring tape and start at the top of the sleeve at the stem where the sleeve connects to the yoke. Measure across to the end of the cuff.
Button up the shirt and lay flat on its back. Find the narrowest part of the shirt, which is typically halfway between the armpit and bottom of the shirt. Take the measuring tape and measure straight across from the left to the right side of the shirt.
Button up the shirt and lay it flat on its back. Take your measuring tape and place one end at the bottom seam of the yoke on the front of the shirt. Measure straight down to the hem at the bottom of the shirt.


text:
package com.wrapper.spotify.requests.data.albums;

import com.wrapper.spotify.TestUtil;
import com.wrapper.spotify.enums.AlbumType;
import com.wrapper.spotify.enums.ModelObjectType;
import com.wrapper.spotify.enums.ReleaseDatePrecision;
import com.wrapper.spotify.exceptions.SpotifyWebApiException;
import com.wrapper.spotify.model_objects.specification.Album;
import com.wrapper.spotify.requests.data.AbstractDataTest;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.ParseException;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class GetAlbumRequestTest extends AbstractDataTest<Album> {
  private final GetAlbumRequest defaultRequest = SPOTIFY_API.getAlbum(ID_ALBUM)
    .setHttpManager(
      TestUtil.MockedHttpManager.returningJson(
        "requests/data/albums/GetAlbumRequest.json"))
    .market(MARKET)
    .build();

  public GetAlbumRequestTest() throws Exception {
  }

  @Test
  public void shouldComplyWithReference() {
    assertHasAuthorizationHeader(defaultRequest);
    assertEquals(
      "https://api.spotify.com:443/v1/albums/5zT1JLIj9E57p3e1rFm9Uq?market=SE",
      defaultRequest.getUri().toString());
  }

  @Test
  public void shouldReturnDefault_sync() throws IOException, SpotifyWebApiException, ParseException {
    shouldReturnDefault(defaultRequest.execute());
  }

  @Test
  public void shouldReturnDefault_async() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    shouldReturnDefault(defaultRequest.executeAsync().get());
  }

  public void shouldReturnDefault(final Album album) {
    assertEquals(
      AlbumType.ALBUM,
      album.getAlbumType());
    assertNotNull(
      album.getArtists());
    assertEquals(
      57,
      album.getAvailableMarkets().length);
    assertEquals(
      1,
      album.getCopyrights().length);
    assertEquals(
      "P",
      album.getCopyrights()[0].getType().toString());
    assertNotNull(
      album.getExternalIds());
    assertNotNull(
      album.getExternalUrls());
    assertEquals(
      0,
      album.getGenres().length);
    assertEquals(
      "https://api.spotify.com/v1/albums/0sNOF9WDwhWunNAHPD3Baj",
      album.getHref());
    assertEquals(
      "0sNOF9WDwhWunNAHPD3Baj",
      album.getId());
    assertEquals(
      3,
      album.getImages().length);
    assertNull(
      album.getLabel());
    assertEquals(
      "She's So Unusual",
      album.getName());
    assertEquals(
      39,
      (int) album.getPopularity());
    assertEquals(
      "1983",
      album.getReleaseDate());
    assertEquals(
      ReleaseDatePrecision.YEAR,
      album.getReleaseDatePrecision());
    assertNotNull(
      album.getTracks());
    assertEquals(
      ModelObjectType.ALBUM,
      album.getType());
    assertEquals(
      "spotify:album:0sNOF9WDwhWunNAHPD3Baj",
      album.getUri());
  }
}


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text:
Antony And The Johnsons Cut The World Rar Chomikuj Muzyka
Embedded content is unavailable. Pitchfork: Was the concept for 'Cut the World' collaborative? NE: It stemmed from Antony. I remember getting an email with an outline that was really well-written, which is something I'm not used to. AH: It's something I've been working on for a couple of years, developing an idea for a film. I've got notebooks full of ideas. I knew I wanted to record a video for 'Cut the World' and do something we hadn't done before. It seemed synchronistic. Most videos I've done have been a bit fringier. Nabil, were the Bon Iver concepts your original ideas? NE: Everything I'd done prior was an original idea. AH: This video was a bit more aggressively narrated.
On August 7, Antony and the Johnsons will return with Cut the World via Secretly Canadian. In other words, you only have to wait one day to hear the whole thing. Still, to whet your appetite, the. And while this isn't the first time that Antony has worked with an orchestra, most of the songs appear here in dazzling new arrangements. It also works as a summation of his recurring themes of escape from this ravaged world, this mortal body, to achieve a higher, purer level of feminine being.
But I loved it. As a director, what I'd love to do is a feature. So I was happy to make that shift-- getting a piece of a story. It was a big step in the direction I want to move and how I want to create things. Even the texture. I have this video as a benchmark-- the feeling and tone that I want to create. Pitchfork: The video leaves a lot open for interpretation.
Antony, how did you conceptualize the narrative? AH: The basic premise was that a cataclysm in nature provokes a chain of events, which occur in the film. I ended up finding the word 'cataclysm' because I kept thinking of a tsunami, or something that happened to everyone-- no one was making conscious decisions. And Willem sensed that something was changing, in the way that a dog would sense an earthquake. And by the time [Carice] was aware of what happened, somehow her consciousness had shifted. One of the struggles was-- NE: To find balance. AH: --so it didn't seem like it was a revenge killing, or that she was upset with him for a personal reason.
We really worked on the innocence of Willem's character. NE: On really humanizing him. When you look at him, you're not thinking, 'This is a bad boss.' Pitchfork: What did you do, in terms of the cinematography, to emphasize that?
NE: The tone of the film was very subtly approached-- keeping on shots with slow movements. Really letting you feel him through his subtle actions, as simple as drinking the coffee or looking out the window. Leaving that open to interpretation; not being too specific. AH: [ to Nabil] You really got into their eyes. It really drew you into both of them.
Drivers para sony vaio vgn-c140f. NE: Both of their eyes are so unbelievable. The way Carice's eyelids would flicker, the little movements of her eyeball-- you can sense her character and what she was feeling. Same with Willem. Eyes are the windows to the soul; that's not just a saying. 'If you're only making art about your own pedestrian life, abstracted from the reality of the world today, soon you'll have a creative cesspool of meaningless work. Because it's not built on any values.'
Pitchfork: The video seems to be about dismantling the male role, and the idea of different perspectives and ways of seeing the world. AH: It's been provocative for me to see people try to create a moral narrative out of it. We didn't come at it from that perspective. NE: It reveals what's in the viewer's head. AH: It's been weird to see people with opposing points of view-- who have found something in it that might resonate with them, or that they hate about it.
It's actually a bit disturbing to create work like that. It reminds me of like, Borat, where everyone's laughing, but everyone's laughing for a different reason. One person's laughing because they're racist, and the other person's laughing because racists are so idiotic. There's a moral ambiguity. NE: What I was hoping we would create-- and I think we did-- was something with beauty, even in that [murder] scene.
And the transfer. AH: That was the most important moment-- when she cuts his throat-- the idea that she stays emotionally open while it's happening, and cries, and makes that transfer of a tear into his eye. It was actually quite amazing for that filming to happen. She really was crying into his eyes. Willem was freaking out because he'd never had someone's tears fall onto his eyeballs before. He said it was a really intense, hyper-intimate experience. It was a really central scene.
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Antony And The Johnsons Cut The World Rar Chomikuj Muzyka В© 2019


text:
Medical Society of the State of New York (MSSNY) Resolution on Health Effects Associated with Natural Gas Infrastructure, 2015
May 6, 2015 Statements/Resolutions
Letter from Dr. Jerome A. Paulson to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
June 30, 2014 Statements/Resolutions
E. Christopher Abruzzo
Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Rachel Carson State Office Building
Dear Secretary Abruzzo
I am writing in regard to decisions that your office will be making about unconventional natural gas extraction (UGE). Some of these decisions may relate specifically to children, such as decisions about setbacks between UGE sites and schools. Other decisions may relate to UGE in a broader sense. As a physician with significant expertise in environmental health*, I want to point out that there is no information in the medical or public health literature to indicate that UGE can be implemented with a minimum of risk to human health.
In this very new area of research, there are very few articles in the public or peer-reviewed literature that do indicate that there are health problems and there are a number of other pieces of data that suggest that UGE is fraught with negative health outcomes. Elaine Hill at Cornell University compared pregnancy outcomes from a group of mothers who lived in proximity to active wells to outcomes in mothers who lived near wells currently under permit but not yet developed. The results showed an association between shale gas development and incidence of low birth weight and small for gestational age (25% and 18% increased risk).1
McKenzie and colleagues looked at the relationship between proximity and density of gas wells to maternal address and birth defects, preterm birth and fetal growth.2 Two approximately even exposure groups were formed for births in rural Colorado between 1996 and 2009: zero wells within ten miles and one or more wells within ten miles. For women residing with one or more wells within ten miles, women were then categorized into three groups of increasing number of wells within ten miles. Women in the highest exposure group, with greater than 125 wells per mile, had an elevated risk of births with congenital heart disease (CHD) and neural tube defects (NTD). A risk for both CHD and NTD increased with increasing number of wells. The authors cited chemicals such as benzene, solvents and air pollutants as previously established associations between maternal exposure and CHDs and NTDs.
It is also very clear that there are adverse mental health outcomes associated with UGE in addition to the physical health problems noted above. A community study by Ferrar and colleagues found that the predominant stressor of citizens impacted by shale gas drilling in Pennsylvania was a concern for their health.3 The majority of persons interviewed felt that their health concerns were largely ignored and the most common health complaint of community members was stress. Noise can also be a source of stress for residents near UGE activities. Well pad operations, when set up, are industrial facilities often running 24 hours a day near homes, schools and public areas, creating unhealthy noise levels for the surrounding area. Although noise is a part of our daily life, with typical conversations occurring at sounds levels between 55-60 decibels (dbA), annoyance to noise can begin to occur at sound levels around 55 dbA, school performance begins to decline at 70 dbA, and sleep is disturbed at anywhere from 35-60 dbA. For well pads, noise levels have been shown to be 89-90 dbA at 50 feet from the pad, 60-68 dbA at 500 feet and 63-54 dbA at 1,000 feet from the pad.4 Stressors may also include odors, such as from the rotten egg smell of hydrogen sulfide released by unconventional gas extraction operations.
In addition to individual health, UGE activities can impact population health and create community wide changes. A health impact assessment done in Battlement Mesa, CO found that unconventional gas extraction activities create community-wide impacts, including an increased transient worker population and a decreased use of public outdoor areas. The assessment also found increased crime rates and rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and although crime rates and STIs cannot be directly correlated with UGE activities, they are none the less real community changes that coincided with the introduction of UGE. Other identified health impacts include: increased traffic accidents, decreased use of outdoor space and reduced physical activity, increased stress, a decline of social cohesion and strain on community resources, such as healthcare and housing, due to an influx of workers.5
Although research is limited on the health impacts of UGE, there are real pathways of exposure, such as through air and water, from UGE activities to human populations. Air pollution occurs during every stage of UGE. In an analysis of all chemicals used in UGE processes, 37% were found to be volatile and therefore able to aerosolize. Of these volatile chemicals, 81% were found to have adverse effects on the brain and central nervous system.6 Aerosolized chemicals have the ability to be inhaled and be absorbed directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the body's detoxifying mechanisms of the liver. Diesel engines and generators, another source of air pollution, are widely used in UGE and a number of federal agencies and international bodies classify diesel exhaust as "carcinogenic to humans,"7 as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen,"8 or as "likely to be carcinogenic to humans."9
Water pollution has been documented in association with UGE.10 While this research focuses on contamination with methane, it is reasonable to think that components of hydraulic fracturing fluids and normally occurring underground toxic substances travel with the methane. Data collected by the Minority Staff of the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the US House of Representatives in 2011, based on data submitted by the 14 leading oil and gas service companies, revealed the use of more than 2,500 hydraulic fracturing products containing 750 chemicals and other components.11 From the limited information available, it is evident that many of the substances used in hydraulic fracturing fluid are toxic, including some which are known carcinogens. Wastewater, such as the flowback and produced water, can contain a large number of naturally occurring toxic chemicals in addition to the chemicals added to make the hydraulic fracturing fluid. Naturally occurring toxic chemicals may include radioactive material, salts, salts of manganese, chlorides, sodium bromides and heavy metals such as lead and arsenic.Radionuclides shown to be present in natural gas wastes include: radon, 226radium and 228radium and radionuclides of potassium, strontium, lead, thallium, bismuth and thorium. Radium in flow-back and produced water often incorporates into solids formed during wastewater treatment, thereby producing low level radioactive waste.12, 13
In protecting children from environmental health hazards, it is essential to recognize that for many reasons children may be more exposed to environmental health hazards than adults in the same location. Moreover, children may have different outcomes than adults similarly exposed. For example, children breathe more air and drink more water per unit of body weight than adults do, Therefore, if the air or water are contaminated, the children will receive a higher dose than the adults. Children also live longer than adults. While that may seem self-evident, it is important in the environmental context because many outcomes of environmental exposures occur years after the exposure. If the delay between exposure and outcome is, for example, 40 years or more, as it may well be in terms of some of the chronic lung diseases of adulthood, if a 60 year old adult is exposed, s/he may not live long enough to develop the adverse outcome. A child, however, will, in all likelihood, live long enough to experience that adverse outcome.
In summary, neither the industry, nor government agencies, nor other researchers have ever documented that UCG can be performed in a manner that minimizes risks to human health. There is now some evidence that these risks that many have been concerned about for a number of years are real risks. There is also much data to indicate that there are a number of toxic chemicals used or derived from the process, known or plausible routes of exposure of those chemicals to humans; and therefore, reason to place extreme limits on UGE. When and if industry can present the following information, it would then be reasonable to expect your agency and the communities which may become involved in UGE to make decisions on whether or not to proceed with UGE: 1) disclosing complete information of the composition of all materials used to make hydraulic fracturing fluid, 2) studying and disclosing information about all air contaminants released from well pads and the extent of their expected dispersion, 3) studying and disclosing information about mechanisms of water contamination and dispersion of contaminants in ground and surface waters, and 4) studying and disclosing information on the extent to which air and water pollution can reasonably be expected to be minimized. While this type of research should not be carried out by industry, it certainly should be funded by industry. Industry profits from UGE; and industry should bear the responsibility for determining how it can be done in the safest manner possible. Then, and only then, can regulatory and public health agencies and communities make reasonable decisions about whether or not UGE should proceed.
If you or your staff have any questions, I be happy to try to provide answers.
Jerome A. Paulson, MD, FAAP*
Medical Director for National & Global Affairs
Director of the Mid-Atlantic Center for Children's Health & the Environment
Child Health Advocacy Institute
Children's National Health System
Professor of Pediatrics and of Environmental & Occupational Health
*Jerome A. Paulson, MD, is a Professor of Pediatrics at the George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences and Professor of Environmental & Occupational Health at the GW Milken Institute School of Public Health. He is also the Director of the Mid-Atlantic Center for Children's Health and the Environment (MACCHE) based at the Children's National Health System. Dr Paulson has helped organize and was a presenter on a panel on Unconventional Gas Extraction at the 2011 American Public Health Association national meeting; and helped organize and was the lead-off speaker at the 2012 conference on the Public Health Aspects of Shale Gas Extraction jointly sponsored by Physicians, Scientists and Engineers for Healthy Energy and MACCHE. He was an invited panelist at the May 2012 meeting on unconventional gas extraction organized by the George Washington University School of Public Health and the Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; and on the planning committee for a meeting on data collection related to water and air toxics exposures from unconventional gas extraction that was jointly sponsored by the Natural Resources Defense Council, the Harvard Center for Environmental Health and MACCHE in December 2013.
MACCHE (www.childrensnational.org/MACCHE) is one of 10 Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Units (PEHSUs) (www.pehsu.net) in the US. MACCHE serves Federal Region 3; i.e., Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Virginia and the District of Columbia. It is funded by a grant from the Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (AOEC) (www.aoec.org) which receives its funding for this project from the Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry (ATSDR) of the CDC and from the EPA. MACCHE receives no corporate funding. The two basic functions of MACCHE, and the other PEHSUs, are to provide education to health professionals and others about environmental issues that impact on the health of children and to answer questions from the public that are related to children, health and the environment. MACCHE has been receiving inquiries about the potential health impacts of unconventional natural gas extraction for at least the last 7 years.
While MACCHE is indirectly funded by ATSDR and the EPA, the opinions expressed in this letter do not represent the policy of either organization and have not been reviewed by either organization.
Hill, E. Shale Gas Development and Infant Health: Evidence from Pennsylvania. Working paper. 2013. http://dyson.cornell.edu/research/researchpdf/wp/2012/Cornell-Dyson-wp1212.pdf
McKenzie, LM, Guo, R, Witter, RZ, et al. Birth Outcomes and Maternal Residential Proximity to Natural Gas Development in Rural Colorado. Environmental Health Perspectives 122(4): 412-417. 2014. doi:10.1289/ehp.1306722
Ferrar, KJ, Kriesky, J, Christen, CL, et al. Assessment and Longitudinal Analysis of Health Impacts and Stressors Perceived to Result from Unconventional Shale Gas Development in the Marcellus Shale Region. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 19(2): 104-112. 2013. doi:10.1179/2049396713Y.0000000024
Bureau of Land Management. Environmental Assessment: Cache Creek Master Development Plan for Oil and Gas Exploration and Development, Garfield County, Colorado (DOI-BLM-CO-N040-2009-0088-EA). Silt, CO: Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 2009.
Witter, RZ, McKenzie, L, Stinson, KE, et al. The Use of Health Impact Assessment for a Community Undergoing Natural Gas Development. American Journal of Public Health 103(6): 1002-1010. 2013
Colborn, T, Kwiatkowski, C, Schultz, K, et al. Natural Gas Operations from a Public Health Perspective. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 17(5): 1039-56. 2011.
(The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol46/volume46.pdf)
US National Toxicology Program http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/profiles/dieselexhaustparticulates.pdf
US Environmental Protection Agency, Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0642.htm
Osborn, SG, Vengosh, A, Warner, NR, et al. Methane Contamination of Drinking Water Accompanying Gas-Well Drilling and Hydraulic Fracturing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108(20): 8172-8176. 2011. doi:10.1073/pnas.1100682108
Minority Staff, Committee on Energy & Commerce, US House of Representatives. 2011. Chemicals Used in Hydraulic Fracturing. http://democrats.energycommerce.house.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Hydraulic-Fracturing-Chemicals-2011-4-18.pdf
Vidic, RD, Brantley, SL, Vandenbossche, JM, et al. Impact of Shale Gas Development on Regional Water Quality. Science 340(6134): 1235009. 2013. doi:10.1126/science.1235009
Rich, AL, Crosby, EC. Analysis of Reserve Pit Sludge from Unconventional Natural Gas Hydraulic Fracturing and Drilling Operations for the Presence of Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (TENORM). New Solutions 23(1): 117-135. 2013. doi:10.2190/NS.23.1.h
Medical Society of the State of New York – Resolution 2014-154
Letter to Governor Cuomo Regarding Radiation Hazards
Buy premarin
Statement from Concerned Health Professionals of New York Regarding the Investigation on Air Pollution and Fracking by InsideClimate News/The Center for Public Integrity/The Weather Channel
February 18, 2014 Statements/Resolutions
In response to the release of the eight-month investigation 'Fracking the Eagle Ford Shale' by InsideClimate News, The Center for Public Integrity and The Weather Channel that found very dangerous air pollution and widespread health impacts, Concerned Health Professionals of New York released the following statement from Sandra Steingraber, PhD and Distinguished Scholar in Residence at Ithaca College, and Kathy Nolan, MD, MSL.
"The extensive investigation into air pollution from drilling and fracking operations in the Eagle Ford Shale of southern Texas has documented–in otherwise rural communities–alarming levels of highly toxic air pollutants. These include benzene, a proven cause of leukemia, and poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas, which, at acute levels, can be lethal and, at chronic levels, is linked to both brain damage and risk of miscarriage in pregnant women.
"These results are consistent with existing and emerging research from Colorado, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania. All together, these studies create a startling picture of the harms that fracking can bring to human communities. As health professionals, we possess not only a duty to inquire but an obligation to take action to prevent further harm."
Schuyler County Health Care Professionals call for Halt to Propane and Natural Gas Storage along Seneca Lake
February 10, 2014 Documentation, Statements/Resolutions
Resolution 171 of the Medical Society of the State of New York
April 14, 2013 Statements/Resolutions
Tompkins County Board of Health Resolution Requesting an Extension of Time for Review of the Revised Regulations on HVHF
December 12, 2012 Documentation, Statements/Resolutions
Click here to read the report.
Statement in support of Concerned Health Professionals of New York
November 27, 2012 Statements/Resolutions
Philip Landrigan, MD, Chair of the Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Director, Children's Environmental Health Center at Mt. Sinai School of Medicine
Resolution by the Medical Staff of the Bassett Healthcare Network Regarding Hydrofracking for Natural Gas
Statement from the Bassett Medical Center Board of Trustees
February 9, 2012 Statements/Resolutions
Physicians, Scientists, and Engineers for Healthy Energy: Public Health Considerations of the Draft Supplemental Generic Environmental Impact Statement
January 11, 2012 Statements/Resolutions
Click here to read the statement.
The Broome County and the Otsego County Medical Societies – Resolutions Regarding Gas Drilling and Hydrofracking
Tompkins County Medical Society – Statement on Gas Drilling and Hydrofracking
The Medical Society of the State of New York
December 9, 2010 Statements/Resolutions


text:
Photo: PR Times
Fuji-Q Highland theme park is opening its newest attraction next month: The Fujiyama Slider
June 28, 2022 05:56 am JST June 28, 2022 | 06:50 am JST
By Dale Roll, SoraNews24
Fuji-Q Highland is a must-visit amusement park if you're a thrill-seeking adrenaline junkie. With attractions like a roller coaster whose launch speed is so fast it breaks bones and a haunted house where you're cuffed in the dark, this park is not for the faint of heart, especially because, starting next month, guests who climb up to the top of the Fujiyama Tower to get the clearest view of Mt Fuji will now have the option to zoom down to the ground in a 120-meter slide.
The Fujiyama Slider is a spiral tube slide that connects the 55-meter-tall observation deck to the ground, and is sure to get your heart racing (if it doesn't give you a heart attack). The slide, which is the longest tube-style slide in Japan, takes a winding course around the tower, and its inside is completely dark, so it takes some courage to lie down, put your feet into the sliding mat, and let them push down into the tube. Once you're in, though, the ride lasts for a thrilling 20 seconds.
▼ The Fujiyama Tower before the slide was built
In celebration of the slide opening, Fuji-Q Highland is holding a contest on Twitter to see who can come up with the best caption for their illustration of a screaming Fujiyama Slider rider. Is he having so much fun he's crying tears of joy? Or is he so terrified out of his mind that he's regretting every second of the 20-second ride? You decide.
To enter, follow Fuji-Q's official Twitter (@fujikyunow), tweet the illustration with your caption until June 30, and make sure to include the #FUJIYAMAスライダーのイラストで一言 ("Fujiyama Slider illustration brief words") hashtag. That way, you'll have the chance for your caption to be selected as one of the top 10 posted in the square in front of Fujiyama Tower on Fujiyama Slider's opening day. If the guests vote for your caption as the best, then
Fujiyama Slider will open on July 22 and cost between 800 and 1,200 yen (US$5.94 to $8.92) per ride depending on the season, unless you buy a free pass that gives you access to all the rides at Fuji-Q Highland. So if you're looking for something new to check out this summer, head out to Fuji-Q Highland to ride the Fujiyama Slider.
Source, images: PR Times
Read more stories from SoraNews24.
-- No screaming allowed on Japanese roller coasters, and new video shows it can be done【Video】
-- Japanese amusement park opens doors to dogs, lets animals on rides with their owners
-- Fujiyama Shrine has nothing to do with Mt. Fuji, everything to do with springtime beauty【Photos】
https://soranews24.com/2022/06/26/fuji-q-highland-theme-park-is-opening-its-newest-attraction-next-month-the-fujiyama-slider/
© SoraNews24
WA4TKG
June 28, 2022 01:11 pm JST
Like anyone money for that after getting gas and going grocery shopping
Looks fun! I'll ride it next time I'm there.


text:
Q: Excel VBA - Autofill formula to the end of the document from one below the cell that is found I would like help finding out the appropriate code to get AutoFill for my formula in column K to work from one cell under the one that is found, all the way to the last row of the document. How can this be achieved?
Thank you!
Dim s As String
Dim rCell As Range
Dim lReply As Long
Dim firstaddress As String
Dim rngOriginal As Range
Dim Cell As Range

Columns("K:K").Select
Set Cell = Selection.Find(What:="Add", After:=ActiveCell, LookIn:=xlValues, _
    LookAt:=xlWhole, SearchOrder:=xlByRows, SearchDirection:=xlNext, _
    MatchCase:=False, SearchFormat:=False)
If Not Cell Is Nothing Then
    firstaddress = Cell.Address
    Cell.Offset(0, -6).Insert shift:=xlDown
    Cell.Offset(0, -7).Insert shift:=xlDown
    Cell.Offset(0, -8).Insert shift:=xlDown
    Cell.Offset(0, -9).Insert shift:=xlDown
    Cell.Offset(0, 1).Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = _
    "Add. "
Range("K9").AutoFill Destination:=Range("K9:K1936"), Type:=xlFillDefault
Cell.Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = _
    ""

A: No need to use Autofill  :)  You can input formula in one go!
Like this (UNTESTED)?
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = Sheet1 '<~~ Change as applicable

'
' ~~> Rest of your code
'
With ws '<~~ This is your worksheet object
    LRow = .Range("K" & .Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row

    .Range("K9:K" & LRow).Formula = .Range("K9").Formula
End With
'
' ~~> Rest of your code
'

A: Think you could have found this out yourself as it's a common VBA question. I've also removed the Selects from your code which are generally unnecessary and inefficient.
Sub x()

Dim s As String
Dim rCell As Range
Dim lReply As Long
Dim firstaddress As String
Dim rngOriginal As Range
Dim Cell As Range
Dim n As Long

Set Cell = Columns("K:K").Find(What:="Add", LookIn:=xlValues, _
                 LookAt:=xlWhole, SearchOrder:=xlByRows, SearchDirection:=xlNext, _
                 MatchCase:=False, SearchFormat:=False)
If Not Cell Is Nothing Then
    firstaddress = Cell.Address
    Cell.Offset(0, -9).Resize(, 4).Insert shift:=xlDown
    Cell.Offset(0, 1).Value = "Add. "
    n = Range("K" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
    Range("K9").AutoFill Destination:=Range("K9:K" & n), Type:=xlFillDefault
    Cell.Value = 1
End If

End Sub

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What is an Energy Resource Recovery Account (ERRA) Proceeding?
Energy Resource Recovery Account (ERRA) proceedings are used to determine fuel and purchased power costs which can be recovered in rates. The utilities do not earn a rate of return on these costs, and only recover actual costs. The costs are forecast for the year ahead. If the actual costs are lower than forecast, then the utility gives money back, and vice versa.
1.) An annual ERRA Forecast proceeding to adopt a forecast of the utility's electric procurement cost revenue requirement and electricity sales for the coming year.
The Commission has also established an ERRA "Trigger" mechanism which allows for the utility to file an expedited application requesting an adjustment to rates, if the ERRA balance reaches 4% in excess of prior year's annual fuel and power purchase costs. On April 1st of every year the utilities file a Trigger advice letter (AL) with the Commission specifying their coming year trigger/threshold amount. Then the IOUs file an application for expedited Commission approval when the ERRA balance reaches the trigger/threshold amount previously calculated in the Trigger AL.
The amount of money under review in ERRA proceedings is large. Typical amounts for PG&E and SCE are very roughly $4 billion, while for SDG&E they are roughly $1.3 billion.
The tables below provide links to current and historical ERRA proceedings categorized by proceeding type.
The Small Multi-Jurisdictional Utilities do not have ERRA proceeding. Instead they have Energy Cost Adjustment Clause (ECAC) or Power Purchase Adjustment Clause (PPAC) costs approval requests as a part of their rate case proceedings. For more information see decisions and applications on the following GRC webpages - Bear Valley Electric Services (a subsidiary of the Golden State Water Company), Liberty (CalPeco) and PacifiCorp.
Note: ERRA was established Pursuant to California Public Utilities Code Section 454.5(d), Rules 2.1 and 3.2 of the Rules of Practice and Procedure of the California Public Utilities Commission ("Commission"), and Commission Decision ("D.") 02-10-062.