If there's anything a true beach bar bum can appreciate, it's a drink with a view. Which makes sense, if you think about it, because that's one of the main reasons beach bars exist – to offer their patrons the opportunity to imbibe at their leisure with incomparable views. It's not really that hard to connect the dots and make the connection but just in case there was any doubt, that can be put to rest.
This week's Instagram Monday post doesn't offer a lot of images for your perusal but it does offer you a couple "drinks with a view" for your virtual viewing pleasure. If you lean in close enough, you might even be able to imagine yourself there.
If you've enjoyed meals with this view, I have good news for you – a new restaurant is opening in the old Redwood Firewood Grill spot overlooking Center Lake! Check out the blog for everything I know about Asian-Cajun, the latest locally owned eatery to open in Warsaw (link in profile).


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San Carlo all'Arena es un barrio de la ciudad de Nápoles, en Italia. Forma parte de la Municipalità 3 junto a Stella.

Limita con los siguientes barrios: al norte con Piscinola, Miano y Secondigliano, al este con  San Pietro a Patierno y Poggioreale, al sur con San Lorenzo, Vicaria y Stella, al suroeste con Arenella, al oeste con Chiaiano.

Tiene una superficie de 7,64 km² y una población de 69.094 habitantes, siendo el tercer barrio más poblado de la ciudad por detrás de Fuorigrotta y Ponticelli.

Etimología
El topónimo deriva del nombre de la iglesia homónima ubicada en la Via Foria, así llamada por el suelo arenoso en el que estaba situada, allí donde se acumulaba el material detrítico del agua pluvial procedente de las colinas (conocida como Lava dei Vergini).

Monumentos y sitios de interés
 Iglesia de San Carlo all'Arena, templo católico neoclásico del siglo XVII que da el nombre al barrio;
 Iglesia de Santa Maria degli Angeli alle Croci, templo católico barroco proyectado por Cosimo Fanzago en 1638;
 Jardín botánico de Nápoles, fundado en 1807;
 Real Albergo dei Poveri en la Piazza Carlo III, palacio monumental del siglo XVIII diseñado por Ferdinando Fuga, el más grande de Nápoles;
 Ponti Rossi, acueducto romano de tufo y ladrillos rojos, parte del Acueducto de Serino de la época augustea;
 Parque de Capodimonte, amplio parque urbano histórico con preciosas vistas de la ciudad y del Golfo de Nápoles; ubicado en la zona homónima, fue inaugurado en 1743 por Carlos de Borbón;
 Museo Nacional de Capodimonte, situado en el interior del palacio homónimo;
 Observatorio Astronómico de Capodimonte, fundado en 1812 por José Bonaparte;
 Iglesia de Sant'Eframo Vecchio, convento de los Capuchinos del siglo XIII.

Referencias

Barrios de Nápoles

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Is the teaching that Elijah will return to earth in the last days scriptural?
If it is the last day of this world why does he say "all things continue as the have from the beginning" and doesn't mention the 1000 year reign?
ESV - 4 They will say, "Where is the promise of his coming? For ever since the fathers fell asleep, all things are continuing as they were from the beginning of creation. 5 For they deliberately overlook this fact, that the heavens existed long ago, and the earth was formed out of water and through water by the word of God.
2 Peter 3 is not addressing the idea of the millennial reign but neither is it discounting it. The passage refers to people who observe the world and conclude "that all things continue as they were." The text points out that these same individuals would be ignorant of Noah's Flood. Therefore, it should not be surprising that they should be ignorant of any other interruptions in history by God.
Take the example of evolutionists. They believe the world has continued for millions of years without any interruption by God. Therefore, they would mock the idea that God would judge the world. And obviously many of them do now.


Just because it's cold outside doesn't mean you can't get in some fly fishing. It's a chance to be off by yourself, or with a friend or two – smaller crowds, and less competition on your favorite runs.
Tailwaters should be at top of your list in the winter months. On a tailwater, the water being released from the dam is coming from the bottom of the lake. This means the water is typically going to be warmer than the outside temperature, but still in the sweet spot for trout. Check your flow/ discharge from the dam and pick your water accordingly. Look for the slow deep sections of the river. Fish will be a little more lethargic and will be conserving energy by hanging out in these low and slow sections.
Expect to find risers and active feeding fish in spots further down river from the dam that see consistent sunshine throughout the day. A Griffiths Gnat or other midge imitations in the 18-24 range are a good match. Fishing small midges and emergers are the ticket subsurface for picky tailwater trout. Look for subtle takes and eats.
One benefit to fly fishing in the winter is that you get to sleep in if you are so inclined. The fish generally won't be super active until mid-day. Although if you want to fish earlier, you may be rewarded. Winter days offer a shorter window, but can still be very productive. Target deep pools early and look for top water action as the sun warms the earth.
The majority of trout are hanging out at or near the bottom, fish your flies deep and slow. While you may not use one regularly, consider the use of a split shot pinched on your tippet about 6-8″ above your fly. This allows your fly to sink faster, arriving in the strike zone more quickly.
You'll want to concentrate your efforts subsurface in the winter, and you'll want your fly to act as natural as possible floating in the current.
Midges are important any time of year, but never more so than during winter. Trout consume midges year-round and they make up the majority of a trout's diet. What midge to use depends on the region of the country you'll be fishing. Different areas do have different insect life, which you'll need to match.
You'll want duller and more natural colored flies this time of year. Attractor midges can also be productive depending on the water your fish. Flashy purple, red, and pearl are some of my favorites. I also, suggest you consider taking along some blue wing olives and black stoneflies to round out your fly box.
When you aren't hooking up, it's common to think you need to change up the fly pattern. Consider changing your weight first. Maybe your fly isn't traveling deep enough, or maybe it's not getting in the fishes zone. If you're using a weighted fly already, try adding weight on your leader or maybe a lighter fly. Evaluate each situation as you go.
When fishing with a nymph, strike indicators are warranted. You'll want a long, light tippet, lighter than you might normally use another time of year. Yarn indicators are also very beneficial this time of year for a delicate presentation.
Everything slows down in the winter. So should you, so slow down. Slow your movements, slow your strips, slow your retrieves, and cover water thoroughly.
The backdrop to winter fly fishing is dull and gray. You should match and blend in. Bright clothing will make the fish weary in winter, it's unexpected. You'll need to dress in warm layers. Don't wear cotton, indicated in our previous article here, as it will absorb any moisture and once it gets wet, it stays wet. Take spare socks, extra top and bottom layers, and a spare pair of gloves or mittens. Don't forget to remove your gloves when handling a fish you catch and try to keep them in the water as much as possible.
AvidMax has the solutions for all of your fly fishing needs during winter, or any other time of year. From clothing and boots, to flies and rods, we've got your covered.
There's no doubt, fly fishing in winter is different, but it's peaceful and can be rewarding. As is key to fishing any time of year, it takes patience. Fill up a canteen of hot chocolate, make sure you have water and snacks in your pack, and spend the day communing in your own winter wonderland.
Thanks for reading. What are your tips for winter fishing? Let us know in the comments!
Thanks, and glad you like the article.


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Q: How to make n rows from 1 row with multiple data points in Excel I extract data automatically from printed tables into Excel, and generally the solution I use is pretty good. However, because the tables are very complex, it sometimes merges several rows into one due to failed layout recognition.
So, it might look like this (| indicates new cell):
Label1|A1|B1|C1
Label2|A2|B2|C2
Label3^Label4|A3^A4|B3^B4|C3^C4
Label5|A5|B5|C5

of course, I need 5 rows:
Label1|A1|B1|C1
Label2|A2|B2|C2
Label3|A3|B3|C3
Label4|A4|B4|C4
Label5|A5|B5|C5

Now, I could do it manually, but: multiply that with tens of thousands of cases... I'm in dire need of an automatable solution - any suggestions?

A: Some assumptions from your data:

*

*No duplicates in column 1

*When rows are grouped by this data extractor, each column has the same number of grouped rows, and they are always separated by a ^

*There are no ^'s other than those used to separate these grouped rows.

You can obtain your desired output using Power Query, available in Windows Excel 2010+ and Office 365 Excel

*

*Select some cell in your original table

*Data => Get&Transform => From Table/Range or From within sheet

*When the PQ UI opens, navigate to Home => Advanced Editor

*Make note of the Table Name in Line 2 of the code.

*Replace the existing code with the M-Code below

*Change the table name in line 2 of the pasted code to your "real" table name

*Examine any comments, and also the Applied Steps window, to better understand the algorithm and steps

M Code
let
    Source = Excel.CurrentWorkbook(){[Name="Table3"]}[Content],
    #"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(Source,{{"Column1", type text}, {"Column2", type text}, {"Column3", type text}, {"Column4", type text}}),

//group by "Column 1"
// This assumes there are no duplicates in Column 1, as shown in your example
    #"Grouped Rows" = Table.Group(#"Changed Type", {"Column1"}, {
        {"splitRows",(t)=>
            let
                colNames = Table.ColumnNames(t),

            //generate lists of new rows, splitting on the ^
                newRows = List.Generate(
                    ()=>[nr=Text.Split(Table.Column(t, colNames{0}){0}, "^"), idx = 0],
                    each [idx]<List.Count(colNames),
                    each [nr=Text.Split(Table.Column(t, colNames{[idx]+1}){0}, "^"), idx = [idx]+1],
                    each [nr]),
                newTable = Table.FromColumns(newRows,colNames)
            in
                newTable}
    }),

    #"Removed Columns" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Grouped Rows",{"Column1"}),
    #"Expanded splitRows" = Table.ExpandTableColumn(#"Removed Columns", "splitRows", {"Column1", "Column2", "Column3", "Column4"}, {"Column1", "Column2", "Column3", "Column4"})
in
    #"Expanded splitRows"

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Hi, cnhughes – thanks so much for studying and commenting, and for sharing this together with your pal! I hope she finds the information useful! In 1913 the 17th Modification supplied the belief that the American People had volunteered to be a celebration to the Usa Democracy. This also led to the Management of the Court System by creating the American Bar Affiliation in 1913.
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American Institute of Licensed Public Accountants appointed the Committee on Terminology. They outlined Accounting is the artwork of recording, classifying and summarizing in a significant method and when it comes to money, transactions and occasions which are, partly no less than, of a financial character and decoding the outcomes thereof." This definition outlines totally the character and scope of accounting activity. This is a popular definition. Strategy is dependent upon aims. The primary strategic goal of a profit making group is to maximize the wealth of the owners. This means attaining the maximum profit doable. A corporation has numerous stake holders together with share holders, fund lenders, staff, clients, suppliers, government. In achieving the maximum profit doable, the organization has to balance the needs of those stake holders. The health of the organization additionally is determined by a correct balance being achieved between long run and brief term opportunities. Brief time period alternatives mustn't damage the long run viability. When a corporation efficiently balances all these components, the outcome will be the achievement of the principal strategic monetary administration goal of maximizing shareholder worth.
Accounting Is Historic : Accounting gives information on transactions and the effect thereof after the transactions had already occurred. To facilitate this, the life-time of an enterprise is cut up into common durations of 12 months each of which is known as accounting period, over which the efficiency of the business is reported. The accounting interval adopted by the enterprise may not coincide with the calender 12 months, until it so needs. for example, the accounting period of Firm A might run from 1 January to 31 December, while that of Agency B could also be for 1st July of 1 year to 30st June of the next year.


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text:
(Redirected from Slope failure)
This article is about the geological phenomenon. For other uses, see Landslide (disambiguation).
The term landslide or less frequently, landslip,[1][2][3] refers to several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep-seated slope failures, mudflows, and debris flows. However, influential narrower definitions restrict landslides to slumps and translational slides in rock and regolith, not involving fluidisation. This excludes falls, topples, lateral spreads, and mass flows from the definition.[4][5]
A landslide near Cusco, Peru in 2018
A NASA model has been developed to look at how potential landslide activity is changing around the world.
Landslides occur in a variety of environments, characterized by either steep or gentle slope gradients, from mountain ranges to coastal cliffs or even underwater, in which case they are called submarine landslides. Gravity is the primary driving force for a landslide to occur, but there are other factors affecting slope stability that produce specific conditions that make a slope prone to failure. In many cases, the landslide is triggered by a specific event (such as a heavy rainfall, an earthquake, a slope cut to build a road, and many others), although this is not always identifiable.
1 Causes
2.1 Varnes-Hungr classification
2.2 Debris flow
2.3 Earthflow
2.4 Debris slide
2.5 Rock avalanche
2.6 Shallow landslide
2.7 Deep-seated landslide
3 Causing tsunamis
4 Related phenomena
5 Landslide prediction mapping
6 Prehistoric landslides
7 Historical landslides
8 Extraterrestrial landslides
9 Landslide mitigation
CausesEdit
Main article: Causes of landslides
The Mameyes Landslide, in the Mameyes neighborhood of barrio Portugués Urbano in Ponce, Puerto Rico, was caused by extensive accumulation of rains and, according to some sources, lightning. It buried more than 100 homes.
Landslides occur when the slope (or a portion of it) undergoes some processes that change its condition from stable to unstable. This is essentially due to a decrease in the shear strength of the slope material, to an increase in the shear stress borne by the material, or to a combination of the two. A change in the stability of a slope can be caused by a number of factors, acting together or alone. Natural causes of landslides include:
saturation by rain water infiltration, snow melting, or glaciers melting;
rising of groundwater or increase of pore water pressure (e.g. due to aquifer recharge in rainy seasons, or by rain water infiltration);[6]
increase of hydrostatic pressure in cracks and fractures;[6][7]
loss or absence of vertical vegetative structure, soil nutrients, and soil structure (e.g. after a wildfire – a fire in forests lasting for 3–4 days);
erosion of the toe of a slope by rivers or ocean waves;
physical and chemical weathering (e.g. by repeated freezing and thawing, heating and cooling, salt leaking in the groundwater or mineral dissolution);[8][9]
ground shaking caused by earthquakes, which can destabilize the slope directly (e.g., by inducing soil liquefaction) or weaken the material and cause cracks that will eventually produce a landslide;[7][10][11]
volcanic eruptions;
Landslides are aggravated by human activities, such as:
deforestation, cultivation and construction;
vibrations from machinery or traffic;
blasting and mining;[12]
earthwork (e.g. by altering the shape of a slope, or imposing new loads);
in shallow soils, the removal of deep-rooted vegetation that binds colluvium to bedrock;
agricultural or forestry activities (logging), and urbanization, which change the amount of water infiltrating the soil.
The landslide at Surte in Sweden, 1950. It was a quick clay slide that killed one person.
temporal variation in land use and land cover (LULC): it includes the human abandonment of farming areas, e.g. due to the economic and social transformations which occurred in Europe after the Second World War. Land degradation and extreme rainfall can increase the frequency of erosion and landslide phenomena.[13]
TypesEdit
Main article: Landslide classification
Varnes-Hungr classificationEdit
In traditional usage, the term landslide has at one time or another been used to cover almost all forms of mass movement of rocks and regolith at the Earth's surface. In 1978, in a very highly cited publication, David Varnes noted this imprecise usage and proposed a new, much tighter scheme for the classification of mass movements and subsidence processes.[4] This scheme was later modified by Cruden and Varnes in 1996,[14] and influentially refined by Hutchinson (1988)[15] and Hungr et al. (2001).[5] This scheme results in the following classification for mass movements in general, where bold font indicates the landslide categories:
Type of movement Type of material
Bedrock Engineering soils
Predominantly fine Predominantly coarse
Falls Rockfall Earth fall Debris fall
Topples Rock topple Earth topple Debris topple
Slides Rotational Rock slump Earth slump Debris slump
Translational Few units Rock block slide Earth block slide Debris block slide
Many units Rock slide Earth slide Debris slide
Lateral spreads Rock spread Earth spread Debris spread
Flows Rock flow Earth flow Debris flow
Rock avalanche Debris avalanche
(Deep creep) (Soil creep)
Complex and compound Combination in time and/or space of two or more principal types of movement
Under this definition, landslides are restricted to "the movement... of shear strain and displacement along one or several surfaces that are visible or may reasonably be inferred, or within a relatively narrow zone",[4] i.e., the movement is localised to a single failure plane within the subsurface. He noted landslides can occur catastrophically, or that movement on the surface can be gradual and progressive. Falls (isolated blocks in free-fall), topples (material coming away by rotation from a vertical face), spreads (a form of subsidence), flows (fluidised material in motion), and creep (slow, distributed movement in the subsurface) are all explicitly excluded from the term landslide.
Under the scheme, landslides are sub-classified by the material that moves, and by the form of the plane or planes on which movement happens. The planes may be broadly parallel to the surface ("translational slides") or spoon-shaped ("rotational slides"). Material may be rock or regolith (loose material at the surface), with regolith subdivided into debris (coarse grains) and earth (fine grains).
Nevertheless, in broader usage, many of the categories that Varnes excluded are recognised as landslide types, as seen below. This leads to ambiguity in usage of the term.
Debris flowEdit
Slope material that becomes saturated with water may develop into a debris flow or mud flow. The resulting slurry of rock and mud may pick up trees, houses and cars, thus blocking bridges and tributaries causing flooding along its path.
Debris flow is often mistaken for flash flood, but they are entirely different processes.
Muddy-debris flows in alpine areas cause severe damage to structures and infrastructure and often claim human lives. Muddy-debris flows can start as a result of slope-related factors and shallow landslides can dam stream beds, resulting in temporary water blockage. As the impoundments fail, a "domino effect" may be created, with a remarkable growth in the volume of the flowing mass, which takes up the debris in the stream channel. The solid–liquid mixture can reach densities of up to 2,000 kg/m3 (120 lb/cu ft) and velocities of up to 14 m/s (46 ft/s).[16][17] These processes normally cause the first severe road interruptions, due not only to deposits accumulated on the road (from several cubic metres to hundreds of cubic metres), but in some cases to the complete removal of bridges or roadways or railways crossing the stream channel. Damage usually derives from a common underestimation of mud-debris flows: in the alpine valleys, for example, bridges are frequently destroyed by the impact force of the flow because their span is usually calculated only for a water discharge. For a small basin in the Italian Alps (area 1.76 km2 (0.68 sq mi)) affected by a debris flow,[16] estimated a peak discharge of 750 m3/s (26,000 cu ft/s) for a section located in the middle stretch of the main channel. At the same cross section, the maximum foreseeable water discharge (by HEC-1), was 19 m3/s (670 cu ft/s), a value about 40 times lower than that calculated for the debris flow that occurred.
EarthflowEdit
The Costa della Gaveta earthflow in Potenza, Italy. Even though it moves a rate of just a few millimeters a year,[8] and is hardly visible, this landslide causes progressive damage to the national road, the national highway, a flyover, and several houses that were built on it.
A rock slide in Guerrero, Mexico
An earthflow is the downslope movement of mostly fine-grained material. Earthflows can move at speeds within a very wide range, from as low as 1 mm/yr (0.039 in/yr)[8][9] to 20 km/h (12.4 mph). Though these are a lot like mudflows, overall they are more slow moving and are covered with solid material carried along by flow from within. They are different from fluid flows which are more rapid. Clay, fine sand and silt, and fine-grained, pyroclastic material are all susceptible to earthflows. The velocity of the earthflow is all dependent on how much water content is in the flow itself: the higher the water content in the flow, the higher the velocity will be.
These flows usually begin when the pore pressures in a fine-grained mass increase until enough of the weight of the material is supported by pore water to significantly decrease the internal shearing strength of the material. This thereby creates a bulging lobe which advances with a slow, rolling motion. As these lobes spread out, drainage of the mass increases and the margins dry out, thereby lowering the overall velocity of the flow. This process causes the flow to thicken. The bulbous variety of earthflows are not that spectacular, but they are much more common than their rapid counterparts. They develop a sag at their heads and are usually derived from the slumping at the source.
Earthflows occur much more during periods of high precipitation, which saturates the ground and adds water to the slope content. Fissures develop during the movement of clay-like material which creates the intrusion of water into the earthflows. Water then increases the pore-water pressure and reduces the shearing strength of the material.[18]
Debris slideEdit
A debris slide is a type of slide characterized by the chaotic movement of rocks, soil, and debris mixed with water and/or ice. They are usually triggered by the saturation of thickly vegetated slopes which results in an incoherent mixture of broken timber, smaller vegetation and other debris.[18] Debris avalanches differ from debris slides because their movement is much more rapid. This is usually a result of lower cohesion or higher water content and commonly steeper slopes.
Steep coastal cliffs can be caused by catastrophic debris avalanches. These have been common on the submerged flanks of ocean island volcanos such as the Hawaiian Islands and the Cape Verde Islands.[19] Another slip of this type was Storegga landslide.
Debris slides generally start with big rocks that start at the top of the slide and begin to break apart as they slide towards the bottom. This is much slower than a debris avalanche. Debris avalanches are very fast and the entire mass seems to liquefy as it slides down the slope. This is caused by a combination of saturated material, and steep slopes. As the debris moves down the slope it generally follows stream channels leaving a v-shaped scar as it moves down the hill. This differs from the more U-shaped scar of a slump. Debris avalanches can also travel well past the foot of the slope due to their tremendous speed.[20]
Goodell Creek Debris Avalanche, Washington, USA
Blockade of Hunza river
Rock avalancheEdit
A rock avalanche, sometimes referred to as sturzstrom, is a type of large and fast-moving landslide. It is rarer than other types of landslides and therefore poorly understood. It exhibits typically a long run-out, flowing very far over a low angle, flat, or even slightly uphill terrain. The mechanisms favoring the long runout can be different, but they typically result in the weakening of the sliding mass as the speed increases.[21][22][23]
Shallow landslideEdit
Hotel Panorama at Lake Garda. Part of a hill of Devonian shale was removed to make the road, forming a dip-slope. The upper block detached along a bedding plane and is sliding down the hill, forming a jumbled pile of rock at the toe of the slide.
A landslide in which the sliding surface is located within the soil mantle or weathered bedrock (typically to a depth from few decimeters to some meters) is called a shallow landslide. They usually include debris slides, debris flow, and failures of road cut-slopes. Landslides occurring as single large blocks of rock moving slowly down slope are sometimes called block glides.
Shallow landslides can often happen in areas that have slopes with high permeable soils on top of low permeable bottom soils. The low permeable, bottom soils trap the water in the shallower, high permeable soils creating high water pressure in the top soils. As the top soils are filled with water and become heavy, slopes can become very unstable and slide over the low permeable bottom soils. Say there is a slope with silt and sand as its top soil and bedrock as its bottom soil. During an intense rainstorm, the bedrock will keep the rain trapped in the top soils of silt and sand. As the topsoil becomes saturated and heavy, it can start to slide over the bedrock and become a shallow landslide. R. H. Campbell did a study on shallow landslides on Santa Cruz Island, California. He notes that if permeability decreases with depth, a perched water table may develop in soils at intense precipitation. When pore water pressures are sufficient to reduce effective normal stress to a critical level, failure occurs.[24]
Deep-seated landslideEdit
Deep-seated landslide on a mountain in Sehara, Kihō, Japan caused by torrential rain of Tropical Storm Talas
Landslide of soil and regolith in Pakistan
Deep-seated landslides are those in which the sliding surface is mostly deeply located below the maximum rooting depth of trees (typically to depths greater than ten meters). They usually involve deep regolith, weathered rock, and/or bedrock and include large slope failure associated with translational, rotational, or complex movement. This type of landslide potentially occurs in an tectonic active region like Zagros Mountain in Iran. These typically move slowly, only several meters per year, but occasionally move faster. They tend to be larger than shallow landslides and form along a plane of weakness such as a fault or bedding plane. They can be visually identified by concave scarps at the top and steep areas at the toe.[25]
Causing tsunamisEdit
See also: Tsunami § Tsunami generated by landslides
Landslides that occur undersea, or have impact into water e.g. significant rockfall or volcanic collapse into the sea,[26] can generate tsunamis. Massive landslides can also generate megatsunamis, which are usually hundreds of meters high. In 1958, one such tsunami occurred in Lituya Bay in Alaska.[19][27]
Related phenomenaEdit
An avalanche, similar in mechanism to a landslide, involves a large amount of ice, snow and rock falling quickly down the side of a mountain.
A pyroclastic flow is caused by a collapsing cloud of hot ash, gas and rocks from a volcanic explosion that moves rapidly down an erupting volcano.
Landslide prediction mappingEdit
See also: Slope stability analysis
Landslide hazard analysis and mapping can provide useful information for catastrophic loss reduction, and assist in the development of guidelines for sustainable land-use planning. The analysis is used to identify the factors that are related to landslides, estimate the relative contribution of factors causing slope failures, establish a relation between the factors and landslides, and to predict the landslide hazard in the future based on such a relationship.[28] The factors that have been used for landslide hazard analysis can usually be grouped into geomorphology, geology, land use/land cover, and hydrogeology. Since many factors are considered for landslide hazard mapping, GIS is an appropriate tool because it has functions of collection, storage, manipulation, display, and analysis of large amounts of spatially referenced data which can be handled fast and effectively.[29] Cardenas reported evidence on the exhaustive use of GIS in conjunction of uncertainty modelling tools for landslide mapping.[30][31] Remote sensing techniques are also highly employed for landslide hazard assessment and analysis. Before and after aerial photographs and satellite imagery are used to gather landslide characteristics, like distribution and classification, and factors like slope, lithology, and land use/land cover to be used to help predict future events.[32] Before and after imagery also helps to reveal how the landscape changed after an event, what may have triggered the landslide, and shows the process of regeneration and recovery.[33]
Using satellite imagery in combination with GIS and on-the-ground studies, it is possible to generate maps of likely occurrences of future landslides.[34] Such maps should show the locations of previous events as well as clearly indicate the probable locations of future events. In general, to predict landslides, one must assume that their occurrence is determined by certain geologic factors, and that future landslides will occur under the same conditions as past events.[35] Therefore, it is necessary to establish a relationship between the geomorphologic conditions in which the past events took place and the expected future conditions.[36]
Natural disasters are a dramatic example of people living in conflict with the environment. Early predictions and warnings are essential for the reduction of property damage and loss of life. Because landslides occur frequently and can represent some of the most destructive forces on earth, it is imperative to have a good understanding as to what causes them and how people can either help prevent them from occurring or simply avoid them when they do occur. Sustainable land management and development is also an essential key to reducing the negative impacts felt by landslides.
A Wireline extensometer monitoring slope displacement and transmitting data remotely via radio or Wi-Fi. In situ or strategically deployed extensometers may be used to provide early warning of a potential landslide.[37]
GIS offers a superior method for landslide analysis because it allows one to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and display large amounts of data quickly and effectively. Because so many variables are involved, it is important to be able to overlay the many layers of data to develop a full and accurate portrayal of what is taking place on the Earth's surface. Researchers need to know which variables are the most important factors that trigger landslides in any given location. Using GIS, extremely detailed maps can be generated to show past events and likely future events which have the potential to save lives, property, and money.
Since the '90s, GIS have been also successfully used in conjunction to decision support systems, to show on a map real-time risk evaluations based on monitoring data gathered in the area of the Val Pola disaster (Italy). [38]
Global landslide risks
Ferguson Slide on California State Route 140 in June 2006
Trackside rock slide detector on the UPRR Sierra grade near Colfax, CA
Prehistoric landslidesEdit
Rhine cutting through Flims Rockslide debris, Switzerland
Storegga Slide, some 8,000 years ago off the western coast of Norway. Caused massive tsunamis in Doggerland and other countries connected to the North Sea. A total volume of 3,500 km3 (840 cu mi) debris was involved; comparable to a 34 m (112 ft) thick area the size of Iceland. The landslide is thought to be among the largest in history.
Landslide which moved Heart Mountain to its current location, the largest continental landslide discovered so far. In the 48 million years since the slide occurred, erosion has removed most of the portion of the slide.
Flims Rockslide, ca. 12 km3 (2.9 cu mi), Switzerland, some 10000 years ago in post-glacial Pleistocene/Holocene, the largest so far described in the alps and on dry land that can be easily identified in a modestly eroded state.[39]
The landslide around 200 BC which formed Lake Waikaremoana on the North Island of New Zealand, where a large block of the Ngamoko Range slid and dammed a gorge of Waikaretaheke River, forming a natural reservoir up to 256 metres (840 ft) deep.
Cheekye Fan, British Columbia, Canada, ca. 25 km2 (9.7 sq mi), Late Pleistocene in age.
The Manang-Braga rock avalanche/debris flow may have formed Marsyangdi Valley in the Annapurna Region, Nepal, during an interstadial period belonging to the last glacial period.[40] Over 15 km3 of material are estimated to have been moved in the single event, making it one of the largest continental landslides.
A massive slope failure 60 km north of Kathmandu Nepal, involving an estimated 10–15 km3.[41] Prior to this landslide the mountain may have been the world's 15th mountain above 8000m.
Historical landslidesEdit
Main article: List of landslides
The 1806 Goldau landslide on September 2, 1806
The Cap Diamant Québec rockslide on September 19, 1889
Frank Slide, Turtle Mountain, Alberta, Canada, on 29 April 1903
Khait landslide, Khait, Tajikistan, Soviet Union, on July 10, 1949
A Magnitude 7.5 earthquake in Yellowstone Park (August 17, 1959) caused a landslide that blocked the Madison River, and created Quake Lake.
Monte Toc landslide (260 million cubic metres, 9.2 billion cubic feet) falling into the Vajont Dam basin in Italy, causing a megatsunami and about 2000 deaths, on October 9, 1963
Hope Slide landslide (46 million cubic metres, 1.6 billion cubic feet) near Hope, British Columbia on January 9, 1965.[42]
The 1966 Aberfan disaster
Tuve landslide in Gothenburg, Sweden on November 30, 1977.
The 1979 Abbotsford landslip, Dunedin, New Zealand on August 8, 1979.
The eruption of Mount St. Helens (May 18, 1980) caused an enormous landslide when the top 1300 feet of the volcano suddenly gave way.
Val Pola landslide during Valtellina disaster (1987) Italy
Thredbo landslide, Australia on 30 July 1997, destroyed hostel.
Vargas mudslides, due to heavy rains in Vargas State, Venezuela, in December, 1999, causing tens of thousands of deaths.
2005 La Conchita landslide in Ventura, California causing 10 deaths.
2007 Chittagong mudslide, in Chittagong, Bangladesh, on June 11, 2007.
2008 Cairo landslide on September 6, 2008.
The 2009 Peloritani Mountains disaster caused 37 deaths, on October 1.[43]
The 2010 Uganda landslide caused over 100 deaths following heavy rain in Bududa region.
Zhouqu county mudslide in Gansu, China on August 8, 2010.[44]
Devil's Slide, an ongoing landslide in San Mateo County, California
2011 Rio de Janeiro landslide in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on January 11, 2011, causing 610 deaths.[45]
2014 Pune landslide, in Pune, India.
2014 Oso mudslide, in Oso, Washington
2017 Mocoa landslide, in Mocoa, Colombia
Extraterrestrial landslidesEdit
Evidence of past landslides has been detected on many bodies in the solar system, but since most observations are made by probes that only observe for a limited time and most bodies in the solar system appear to be geologically inactive not many landslides are known to have happened in recent times. Both Venus and Mars have been subject to long-term mapping by orbiting satellites, and examples of landslides have been observed on both planets.
Before and after radar images of a landslide on Venus. In the center of the image on the right, the new landslide, a bright, flow-like area, can be seen extending to the left of a bright fracture. 1990 image.
Landslide in progress on Mars, 2008-02-19
Landslide mitigationEdit
Main article: Landslide mitigation
This article should include a summary of Landslide mitigation. See Wikipedia:Summary style for information on how to incorporate it into this article's main text. (July 2014)
California landslides
Deformation monitoring
Huayco
Landslide dam
Landslide mitigation
Railway slide fence
Washaway
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^ "Ancient Volcano Collapse Caused A Tsunami With An 800-Foot Wave". Popular Science. Retrieved 2017-10-20.
^ Mitchell, N (2003). "Susceptibility of mid-ocean ridge volcanic islands and seamounts to large scale landsliding". Journal of Geophysical Research. 108 (B8): 1–23. Bibcode:2003JGRB..108.2397M. doi:10.1029/2002jb001997.
^ Chen, Zhaohua; Wang, Jinfei (2007). "Landslide hazard mapping using logistic regression model in Mackenzie Valley, Canada". Natural Hazards. 42: 75–89. doi:10.1007/s11069-006-9061-6. S2CID 128608263.
^ Clerici, A; Perego, S; Tellini, C; Vescovi, P (2002). "A procedure for landslide susceptibility zonation by the conditional analysis method1". Geomorphology. 48 (4): 349–364. Bibcode:2002Geomo..48..349C. doi:10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00079-X.
^ Cardenas, IC (2008). "Landslide susceptibility assessment using Fuzzy Sets, Possibility Theory and Theory of Evidence. Estimación de la susceptibilidad ante deslizamientos: aplicación de conjuntos difusos y las teorías de la posibilidad y de la evidencia". Ingenieria e Investigación. 28 (1).
^ Cardenas, IC (2008). "Non-parametric modeling of rainfall in Manizales City (Colombia) using multinomial probability and imprecise probabilities. Modelación no paramétrica de lluvias para la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia: una aplicación de modelos multinomiales de probabilidad y de probabilidades imprecisas". Ingenieria e Investigación. 28 (2).
^ Metternicht, G; Hurni, L; Gogu, R (2005). "Remote sensing of landslides: An analysis of the potential contribution to geo-spatial systems for hazard assessment in mountainous environments". Remote Sensing of Environment. 98 (2–3): 284–303. Bibcode:2005RSEnv..98..284M. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2005.08.004.
^ De La Ville, Noemi; Chumaceiro Diaz, Alejandro; Ramirez, Denisse (2002). "Remote Sensing and GIS Technologies as Tools to Support Sustainable Management of Areas Devastated by Landslides" (PDF). Environment, Development and Sustainability. 4 (2): 221–229. doi:10.1023/A:1020835932757. S2CID 152358230.
^ Fabbri, Andrea G.; Chung, Chang-Jo F.; Cendrero, Antonio; Remondo, Juan (2003). "Is Prediction of Future Landslides Possible with a GIS?". Natural Hazards. 30 (3): 487–503. doi:10.1023/B:NHAZ.0000007282.62071.75. S2CID 129661820.
^ Lee, S; Talib, Jasmi Abdul (2005). "Probabilistic landslide susceptibility and factor effect analysis". Environmental Geology. 47 (7): 982–990. doi:10.1007/s00254-005-1228-z. S2CID 128534998.
^ Ohlmacher, G (2003). "Using multiple logistic regression and GIS technology to predict landslide hazard in northeast Kansas, USA". Engineering Geology. 69 (3–4): 331–343. doi:10.1016/S0013-7952(03)00069-3.
^ Rose & Hunger, "Forecasting potential slope failure in open pit mines", Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences, February 17, 2006. August 20, 2015.
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^ Weitere Erkenntnisse und weitere Fragen zum Flimser Bergsturz Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine A.v. Poschinger, Angewandte Geologie, Vol. 11/2, 2006
^ Fort, Monique (2011). "Two large late quaternary rock slope failures and their geomorphic significance, Annapurna, Himalayas (Nepal)". Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria. 34: 5–16.
^ Weidinger, Johannes T.; Schramm, Josef-Michael; Nuschej, Friedrich (2002-12-30). "Ore mineralization causing slope failure in a high-altitude mountain crest—on the collapse of an 8000 m peak in Nepal". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 21 (3): 295–306. Bibcode:2002JAESc..21..295W. doi:10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00080-9.
^ "Hope Slide". BC Geographical Names.
^ Peres, D. J.; Cancelliere, A. (2016-10-01). "Estimating return period of landslide triggering by Monte Carlo simulation". Journal of Hydrology. Flash floods, hydro-geomorphic response and risk management. 541: 256–271. Bibcode:2016JHyd..541..256P. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.036.
^ "Large landslide in Gansu Zhouqu August 7". Easyseosolution.com. August 19, 2010. Archived from the original on August 24, 2010.
^ "Brazil mudslide death toll passes 450". Cbc.ca. January 13, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Landslides.
United States Geological Survey site
British Geological Survey landslides site
British Geological Survey National Landslide Database
International Consortium on Landslides
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Landslide&oldid=1000402870"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Chandeliers are more than ceiling light fixtures - they're statements that define a room. While we often think of chandeliers for dining rooms or foyers, they add a stylish touch to kitchens, bathrooms and bedrooms. From modern chandeliers in brushed nickel or polished chrome, to whimsical chandeliers for nurseries and children's rooms, you'll find a chandelier for every style and every room at Bellacor.
How Do I Choose a Chandelier?
Style – do you have a particular style in mind?
Care – how easy is installation? what about long term care and cleaning?
For more tips on selecting a chandelier, read our Chandelier Buying Guide.
How Do I Know What Size Chandelier to Buy?
To determine what size chandelier you need for your room, all you need is the room's length and width. If a room is 12x12 feet just add those two numbers together - so, in this case, 24 feet. Use that number as your guide, but instead of feet, use inches. So for a 12x12 room, look for a 24 inch chandelier.
In a dining room, use your table size as a guide. Take the width of the dining table and subtract 12 inches. For example, if a table width is 48 inches, subtract 12 inches and the chandelier should be 36 inches wide. Your chandelier should hang no lower than 30-36 inches above your table.
In a hallway, foyer or living space,for every foot of ceiling height allow 2-3 inches in chandelier height. So in a room with 9 foot ceilings, look for a chandelier around 27 inches in height.
In a bathroom, hang your chandelier so that you can get in - and out - of the tub without hitting your head!


Through Christopher Hodges and Helen Eager of Utopia Art Sydney, the couple improved their understanding of Aboriginal art and in 1991 made their first visit to Alice Springs where they met Papunya Tula artists from the Araluen Centre and Gallery Gondwana.
Over the years, through trips to many remote communities such as Fitzroy Crossing, Balgo, Maningrida, Kununurra and Bidyadanga, the Lavertys have met and befriended such artists as Paddy Bedford, Rover Thomas, Butcher Cherel, Eubena Nampitjin, John Marwurndjul, Daniel Walbidi and Alma Webou.
The Aboriginal paintings in this auction are a product of these trips and the influence they had on their lives.
According to Liz Laverty, the enduring legacy of their collecting efforts has been the friendships they forged with artists, curators and galleries.
"The adventures we shared, the places we visited, the insights we were granted into indigenous culture together with the generosity and friendship of the people we met has been breathtaking," she says in her catalogue reflection.
Among the more valuable auction paintings are Rover Thomas's Djugamerri and Bolgumerri 1991 and Paddy Bedford's Mad Gap 2005.
Other works bound to interest auction goers are Emily Kame Kngwarreye's Untitled (Dried Flowers and Fruit) 1990, Daniel Walbidi's Kirriwirri 2007, John Marwurndjul's Mandayin Design 2004 and Eubena Nampitjin's Canning Stock Route 1998.
Viewing at 55 Oxford Street Surry Hills, Sydney.


I was contacted earlier this week to represent the family of a man who died when he fell seven stories as a result of a work accident that likely could have been prevented. All too often, employers consider profits over people, allowing their job sites to fall short of applicable safety standards, endangering American workers. There are strict federal and local laws in place that govern workplace safety. Unfortunately, these laws are often ignored and poorly enforced. As a result, workers are killed or otherwise seriously injured every day.
Please take a look at a video that you can view by clicking here. It dramatically explains how workers are needlessly killed or injured as a result of preventable incidents.
There are workers'-compensation laws in every state that provide benefits to injured workers. My office handles those kinds of claims routinely. However, those laws do not make the workplace safer, which should be the primary goal. Employers need to create safe work environments so that deaths and serious injuries can be avoided in the first place. If they fail to adhere to the laws governing safe work environments, they should be shut down. It's a matter of life and death.
Mr. Zambri is a board-certified cicil trial attorney and a Past-President of the Trial Lawyers Association of Metropolitan Washington, D.C. and has been rated by Washingtonian magazine as a "Big Gun" and among the "top 1%" of all lawyers in the Washington metropolitan area. The magazine also describes him as "one of Washington's best–most honest and effective lawyers" who specializes in personal injury matters, including work-related injuries, serious truck and car collisions, and medical malpractice. He has successfully litigated numerous cases against employers, obtaining some of the largest recoveries ever reported. Mr. Zambri has also been named a "Super Lawyer" by Super Lawyer magazine (March/April 2010)–a national publication that honors the top lawyers in America.
Mr. Zambri has authored a handbook regarding workers-compensation cases. To read it, please click here.


text:
a virtual journal and essential blog of the classical music scene in greater Boston
Lee Eiseman, publisher; Robert Levin, advisor; David Moran, assisting editor; Bettina A. Norton, emerita editor
Postcard from Morocco Delights at NEC
by Steven Ledbetter
November 26, 2019 by Steven Ledbetter
The Opera Studies Department of the New England Conservatory mounted an effective and fascinating production of the opera that had put Dominick Argento on the map in October 1971. By that time, he had already composed a number of operas, starting as a student and continuing virtually without break for the remainder of his life (he died last February 20 at the age of 91). But after its Minneapolis premiere it went quickly to New York and overseas, and it remains his most frequently performed opera.
Watching and hearing a performance of Postcard from Morocco in NEC's Plimpton Shattuck Black Box Theater Friday felt surprisingly similar to seeing Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot. In both cases the work involves a stage that is essentially empty, populated by group of people who are waiting for something, and who essentially fail to communicate during the period of their waiting. John Donohue's libretto for the opera consists essentially of disconnected comments or questions passed around among the seven characters with singing parts (there are also two mimes). The individual participants comment, but not with any evident link to what has gone before. Each character is carrying a particular piece of luggage and describes what is in it—but without showing it, even if another character asks to see it.
In shaping the opera, Argento chose to cast singers of seven vocal and personality types among whom he divided the lines of text. None of the characters has a name; they are all identified in the program only by voice type (though we learn the name of one during the course of the opera). The NEC production was offered four times, with alternating casts. I heard the second performance, in Friday, and I will be talking about the singers who appeared then, but I will list the names of those who alternated the first and third performances in parenthesis to give them their due credit.
The characters in program order, from top to bottom of vocal range: Coloratura, the lady with a hand mirror: Kate Wood (Angela Yam); Soprano, the lady with a hat box: Elaine Daiber (Cara Bender); Mezzo, the foreign singer: Caroline Nielson (Ana Mora): Lyric Tenor, the man with old luggage: Gregory Sliskovich (Patrick Starke); Tenor, the man with the paintbox, who eventually reveals his name is Mr. Owen: David Rivera-Bozón (Anthony León); Baritone, the shoe salesman: Matthew O'Donnell (John Watson); Bass: Zizhao Wang, the man with the cornet case (in all four performances). The two mimes, male and female, also took part in all four performances: Theodora Nestorova and Lucas Coura. Robert Tweten led eight players from the NEC Philharmonia on violin, viola, bass, guitar, clarinet and bass clarinet, trombone, percussion, and keyboard.
The stage directions offer enormous leeway to the designers. Cristina Tedesco's set design contained just enough elements—a luggage cart, a few boxes or other places to sit, broad entrances at the rear, presumably to the train platforms—to suggest a railroad station but without specific elements to identify a specific location. Karen Perlow's lighting design basically suggested the emptiness of a large vacant public space, but also highlighted individual singers' and dancers' moments of significant activity. Brooke Stanton designed costumes stylish and elegant enough to suggest an era when people traveled by rail rather than by air. One delightful touch: Despite the opera's title, nothing in the libretto or on the stage to indicates a setting in Morocco. But the orchestra, which entered from the wings and descended via a long staircase to the pit, also wore costumes: Everyone wore black pants, a white shirt with a highly decorated black vest and a maroon fez, closely suggesting an ensemble visiting from Morocco!
Joshua Major took advantage of the relative spaciousness of the black box stage to set the singers apart from one another, living in their own separate space, except when one of them tries to engage another in conversation, or when things get wilder toward the end. And when the musical set pieces begin (a song in an unidentifiable foreign language by the soprano, an operetta duet by the coloratura soprano and the lyric tenor) or when the mimes dance or fight with each other (comically, like something out of the commedia dell'arte) or with some of the passengers, their actions are clearly made the focus of activity while the others pay no attention.
The most important "plot" element comes when the tenor (Mr. Owen, as we learn) reveals that he is a painter, and the others assemble for him to paint a group portrait. But this becomes a scuffle that causes his paintbox to come open, revealing that it is empty. This is a moment of shocked silence. The bass becomes a puppet maker, who evidently lives in the station, and who tries to turn the lyric tenor and baritone into puppets.
Mr. Owen, meanwhile, sings and extended account of a childhood dream he had of sailing away in a ship of "glass and ice." He and the male mime turn a luggage cart filled with suitcases into the "ship" with a makeshift sail, and he goes off to the world, escaping from the puppeteer and the others. As the opera ends, the remaining passengers drift back onto the station platform, each one now holding the piece of luggage that had belonged to another person at the beginning of the opera. Mr. Owen has escaped. The others wait.
The production completely satisfied musically and dramatically. The orchestra, with its active, varied, and complex role assigned to a small number of players, sounded exceptionally fine, and Tweten's pacing of the score enlivened everything onstage. I can't resist commenting, too, on the entr'acte, an orchestral number identified by a sign posted onstage as "Souvenir de Bayreuth." Chabrier had assigned that title to a hysterically funny piano four-hands piece that turned the "endless melody" of Tristan into a popular dance form, a quadrille. Argento's Wagnerian parody develops differently, but served quite delightfully as a change of pace.
Every seemed inevitable for his or her role, both vocally and in terms of movements (such as the operetta duet, or the with byplay of the mimes). But the dramatic highpoint came when Mr. Owen chose to act, to sail away on his own. Tenor David Rivera-Bozón dominated the close of the opera first with an extended "biographical" aria in which he explains the dream that has haunted him since childhood, and then with the energetic preparation of the boat on th luggage cart, on which he sails away.
Having heard one cast, I was immediately ready to hear the other, and to enjoy this 90-minute one act opera, mysterious, witty, moving, and surprising all over again. Bravo to everyone involved.
Steven Ledbetter is a freelance writer and lecturer on music. He got his BA from Pomona College and PhD from NYU in Musicology. He taught at Dartmouth College in the 1970s, then became program annotator at the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1979 to 1997.
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3 Comments [leave a civil comment (others will be removed) and please disclose relevant affiliations]
Thank you for this review; my comment still stands, a well-done period-piece of avant-garde cutting edge opera ca. 1970 worth seeing once. Thanks for the idea that once character "breaks free" from the situation/fate of them all when he "sails" away. Shades of the William Shatner devil-doll episode of "The Twilight Zone". Still, a work that must be seen at least once–there ARE worse things out there, "The Fisherman and His Wife" by Gunther Schiller, the only opera my family has ever walked out on with one (predictable) scene to go. We weren't the first to leave either–a small horde preceded us! A good opera for five-year-olds but not adults.
Comment by Nathan Redshield — December 2, 2019 at 5:43 am
This just in. I saw the Boston Conservatory's "Glory Denied" Thursday night 12/5 (go see the Boston Opera Calendar listing to find out where and ticketing info) and it is a SEARING must-see, a significant work to add to one's operatic experience. The students and other BosCon people do a good job with it and the work covers its subject effectively and very movingly well. I know some consider the Boston Conservatory an also-ran with the NE Con but the BosCon folks frequently give us good effective productions. GO SEE IT!!
We're reviewing it Saturday…and our upcoming events calendar has it listed. No need to click away from BMInt. The show continues through Sunday
Comment by Lee Eiseman — December 6, 2019 at 5:44 pm
Sorry, this comment forum is now closed.
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In the United States -- well, in most countries, really -- the sports system is dedicated to finding talented athletes at the earliest ages possible, and focusing on them as the pool of future professional standouts. That mindset is ingrained in anyone who touches the youth sports system. If you're a parent watching your 10-year-old blow pitches by the opposition, you start entertaining the idea of a major league career. If you're a parent watching your 10-year-old whiff against that kid, you don't.
"You see it in a lot of sports," said Robert Chapman, assistant professor in the IU School of Public Health-Bloomington and a former cross country coach at IU [and co-author of the study]. "Elite performers in senior sports tend to be the ones who mature later. But it's hard to measure, particularly in men, the rate at which they mature. I had a very successful runner grow 4 inches in college while he ran for me."
The study looked at 65 male and 64 female athletes who were finalists in the 2000 Junior Olympics in track and field, and a comparable number of participants in the 2000 Olympics. Chapman and lead researcher Joshua Foss, an Indiana graduate student in exercise physiology, tracked the younger athletes 12 years past their Junior Olympics appearance, and tracked the older athletes 12 years before and after their Olympics participation. Among the study's findings was that only 23.6 percent of the junior athletes went on to medal in the Olympics, and a mere 29.9% of the Olympians studied won junior championship medals.
Those numbers aren't small, but they also indicate that performance as a youth won't be matched automatically when that person is an adult. The reason, as Chapman referenced in the quote I cited above, is differing rates of physical maturation.
Alas, I would not expect this research to cause Olympic governing bodies, college coaches, or youth or school sports coaches or parents to put any focus on identifying and developing late bloomers over athletes who have shown early skills. (Certainly, I don't expect Indiana basketball coach Tom Crean to react to his school's study by rescinding his standing scholarship offer to Eron Gordon, issued when he was in eighth grade.) With limited time and resources, coaches and organizations will naturally flock to those kids who stand out early, rather than guessing which kids might stand out later.
On the other hand, the parents of early standouts can't start counting scholarship offers yet. If those kids stop growing, or stop improving, and they get passed up by a late bloomer, suddenly it's that athlete who will get all the attention. That's the ruthless youth sports world we have. Despite its conclusion, the Indiana University research doesn't point to a change in how athletes will be developed. It just points out the circumstances in which once-elite athletes can expect to be tossed into the garbage.


Term 1: Wednesday 30th January - Friday 5th April.
Term 2: Tuesday 23rd April - Friday 28th June.
Term 3: Monday 15th July - Friday 20th September.
Term 4: Monday 7th October - Friday 20th December.
Parents who are able to assist at school working bees help maintain the school grounds which helps reduce the overall cost to the school for grounds maintenance. Working bees also provide an opportunity for parents and families to meet and catch up. Working bees are held on Sundays from 9.00am-12.00pm.


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News and events about world-class research at the University of Reading
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Reading tops rainfall charts: But how does downpour compare historically?
July 19, 2017 in Environment by pbryant | 3 comments
By Dr Rob Thompson, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading
Whitley Wood Lane, South Reading, during heavy rain on 18 July 2017
Last night Reading experienced an immense thunderstorm, like something I'd previously only experienced in the tropics.
Driving conditions were horrendous, with incredibly reduced visibility and water simply unable to clear the roads quickly enough – I had the misfortune to be out in it.
To me, the rain was the impressive thing, but then my research is on rain, so I'm very aware of it. But to others the real experience was the lightning. There was a lot of lightning, both sheet and fork lightning. More than 100,000 strikes over the UK, you can see the strikes on the map below.
But, as I've said, the really impressive thing for me was the rain rate, and how sustained it was. Very high rainfall rates are not that uncommon, but lasting more than a few minutes is very unusual.
Blitzortung.org lightning map showing the lightning strikes over the uk… 3755 in 5 minutes
The University of Reading observatory publishes live and historic weather data. Its tipping bucket rain gauge got 38.6 mm in the storm, and 1.6 mm in the little shower 20 minutes before the big storm. The gauge experienced 35 mm of that total in 45 minutes, a phenomenal amount, averaging 47 mm/hr for three quarters of an hour.
Let's put that in perspective. How much rain is that? Well the University of Reading campus gets approximately 640 mm per year on average, so we had 5.5% of the annual rain in 45 minutes. You can see the one-minute rainfall rates in the figure below.
There was a further storm, later in the night, that added to the total, leaving the University officially recording 45.1 mm in the 0900 (GMT) measurement. That was the wettest day since 18 August 2011 and the wettest July day since 22 July 1967 (just under 50 years ago). That 45.1 mm in the day is more than fell in half of the last 18 months.
Rainfall rates from the tipping bucket rain gauge at Reading University atmospheric Observatory
So a lot of lightning, a lot of water and a very big storm. Thunderstorms can be very hard to forecast, and their exact timing and location are a particular challenge. For a few days, warnings had been issued of such events as yesterday, but they are not location-specific.
Ongoing research in the Flooding From Intense Rainfall research programme is investigating how better warnings can be made of such events, how to better predict the storms and then the flood impacts they have. Looking to the future, more specific warnings help emergency responses as well as the public.
Tags: meteorology, rain, rainfall, UK rainfall, weather
Theresa on July 19, 2017 at 1:00 pm
This is a fascinating article, thank you. There was a storm similar in ferocity on the night of 13th June 2014- I remember the date because we went on holiday the next day, which was also my son's 3rd birthday. That was similar in the volume of the thunder but I don't know about the rainfall! Other than those two, though, like you I've only experienced anything worse in the tropics.
Rob Thompson on July 20, 2017 at 11:25 am
Theresa, MCSs (Mesoscale Convective Systems) – which this was, are not particularly unusual, especially in July, but where they hit is quite variable, and the real "meat" of them is localised, so a specific location (and of course therefore rain gauge) getting hit is unusual.
Pat Brown on July 19, 2017 at 4:42 pm
A very interesting article. It actually puts into perspective the amount of rain (I doubt many people would be able to actually envisage what "47 mm/hr for three quarters of an hour" means in practice). You described it last night as "biblical"!!!
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Still all my song shall be, nearer, my God, to Thee. Nearer to Thee!
Yet in my dreams I'd be nearer, my God, to Thee. Nearer to Thee!
Angels to beckon me nearer, my God, to Thee. Nearer to Thee!
So by my woes to be nearer, my God, to Thee. Nearer to Thee!


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These postal workers are helping their elderly customers feel a little less lonely
Cerith Gardiner - published on 11/30/18
Now customers can sign up for a service where postal workers check up on elderly relatives.
In times gone by, the friendly local postman played an integral role in the community. But nowadays, as we switch to a more digital style of correspondence, postal workers pay fewer visits to our homes, and this means that for many elderly people, they have lost their one chance to have a chat with someone in the day — an issue that has been especially heightened in rural areas as friends and family members move away from home for job opportunities. So La Poste, the French public postal service, is addressing this issue — quite literally — by offering a new type of service to its customers.
Now, concerned relatives can subscribe to La Poste's "Watch Over My Parents" program, where a postal worker goes and checks up on an elderly family member while they're out doing their deliveries. For the cost of around $22 a month, a postal worker will pop in and check up on the relative and deliver a report to the family. Various options are available for the families, who can opt for weekly or more frequent visits, with the opportunity to sign up for an alarm system and helpline 24/7.
While it's sad that society has changed to the extent that we have to pay people to watch over the elderly, the service, which has more than 6,000 subscribers, is proving popular among its customers. Armed with a list of questions to help get the conversation rolling, the postal workers get to know their elderly clients over their 15-minute chats, and over time there is often a mutual sharing of information.
One satisfied customer, Janine, was convinced to use the service by her two daughters who live 370 miles away in the Paris. "They worry that I'm on my own in the middle of nowhere," she says. Yet, the service also offers peace of mind for the elderly client too: "I used to boast I never went to the doctor, but then I had a fall recently. I feel more secure this way," Janine reported to The Guardian.
Interestingly, statistics show that in 1990, 70 percent of La Poste's turnover relied on letter delivery, whereas this is set to drop to less than 20 percent in the next couple of years. With fewer postal workers out doing their rounds, the need for this type of service will surely grow. As Eric Baudrillard, head of developing new strategy for the French postal service reminds us: "People are living longer, and more of them want to stay in their own homes as long as they can. We know there will be more need for social links like this as mobility grows and adult children move far from their aging parents. Despite all the digital tools that we have, there is still a need for human connection."
This is far from the ideal solution for an aging society, but it does allow these isolated seniors to have that precious human contact. Perhaps what we should be learning from this service is our responsibility, as both citizens and Christians, to look out for those who may be isolated in our own communities. While they may not be our own relatives, we're pretty sure that they'd appreciate the occasional visit and a chat over a cup of tea. And who knows, they may even impart a few precious pearls of wisdom.
Watch how this 96-year-old woman is helping to end loneliness among the elderly (VIDEO)


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Musée Nissim de Camondo, Paris
7 October 2021 – 15 May 2022
Following the publication of Lettres à Camondo, the Musée Nissim de Camondo exhibited new installations by de Waal made especially for its rooms and collections. The museum has remained unaltered since 1936 and this was the first invitation of its kind to a living artist.
Photo: Christophe Dellière. © MAD, Paris. Courtesy of the artist and MAD, Paris.


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Latifa Lakhdar Ghoul (), (Zarzis, 1 de febrero de 1956)  es una historiadora, profesora, escritora, militante feminista y política tunecina. Asumió la vicepresidencia de la Alta Instancia para la Realización de los Objetivos de la Revolución, la Reforma Política y la Transición Democrática creada en 2011 como primer paso para el cambio político tras la revolución tunecina. Fue Ministra de Cultura y Protección del Patrimonio desde febrero de 2015 hasta enero de 2016. En 1989 fue miembro fundadora de la Asociación de Mujeres Democráticas de Túnez. Ha realizado numerosas publicaciones académicas sobre la historia religiosa islámica y sobre derechos de las mujeres y ciudadanía.

Biografía
Latifa Lakhdar fue profesora de historia contemporánea en el Instituto Superior de Civilización Islámica de la Universidad de Zitouna ( 1991 - 2000 )  y posteriormente en la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de Túnez ( 2000 - 2015 ).

Militante de izquierda desde los años 70, participó además en el círculo de reflexión y debate feminista en el seno del Club Tahar Haddad de donde surgió la Asociación de Mujeres Democráticas de Túnez constituida legalmente en 1989 y de la que Lakhdar fue miembro fundadora. También pertenece a la Asociación de Mujeres Tunecinas para la Investigación y al Desarrollo.

Participó en la revolución tunecina que provocó la caída del dictador Ben Alí y en 2011 fue elegida vicepresidenta de la Alta Instancia para la Realización de los Objetivos de la Revolución, la Reforma Política y la Transición Democrática.

En febrero de 2015 fue nombrada Ministra de Cultura y Protección del Patrimonio, como independiente, en el gobierno de Habib Essid. Dejó su cargo el 12 de enero de 2016.

En diciembre de 2020 publica "Une révolutión et son contraire" (Ediciones Nirvana) sobre el peso del islam en las democracias árabes que están naciendo y las incertidumbres y obstrucciones que continúan acompañando el proceso democrático en Túnez.

Colabora con artículos y análisis en el periódico «Ettariq el Jadid» à quoi ? y es miembro del consejo de redacción del periódico Le Maghreb.

Pensamiento
Latifa Lakhdar considera que hay aspectos relativos a la religión que son constructos culturales y por tanto criticables y modificables.

Considera que la laicidad es un momento constitutivo de la modernidad y en Las mujeres frente a la ortodoxia islámica la define, siguiendo a Mohamed Arkoun, como «una postura filosófica y epistemológica fundada en el respeto a la libertad de pensamiento, la pasión del descubrimiento y la preocupación por devolverle al conocimiento sus derechos», premisas que ya se encuentran en los filósofos musulmanes de la edad clásica.

Sobre la relación hombre-mujer en el ámbito islámico Lakhdar cree que se trata de uno de los polos de resistencia al tiempo y a cualquier cambio por mínimo que sea. En realidad, a pesar de los debates y de los cambios que desde su fundación se han producido en el Islam, lo único inamovible es la unanimidad masculina sobre el destino de las mujeres, y su estatuto uno de los elementos más resistentes a la modernidad denuncia en su libro Femmes au miroir de orthodoxie islamique (2007)

«Las mujeres, tras el establecimiento y la consagración histórica del sistema patriarcal, son las grandes vencidas de la historia y, por tanto, de la religión, porque los hombres han acaparado el fenómeno religioso y lo han instrumentalizado según el principio de preeminencia que les ha concedido la historia para someter a las mujeres», apunta Lakhdar. Y de ese desequilibrio de fuerzas, recuerda, ni siquiera se libran «las sociedades occidentales democráticas y liberales», donde persisten «bolsas de resistencia a la emancipación femenina». ¿Un caso concreto? "La polémica por el derecho al aborto".

Premios y reconocimientos

 El 12 de febrero de 2016 fue condecorada por el presidente Béji Caïd Essebsi con la insignia de comendador de la Orden de la República.

Publicaciones

Libros
 1994 : L'islam confrérique et la question nationale dans la Tunisie coloniale
 2002 : La femme selon al-Ijma
 2007 : Les femmes au miroir de l'orthodoxie islamique
 2013 : De quoi demain sera-t-il fait ?
2020: Une révolution et son contraire  Ediciones Nirvana

Artículos

en español

 Voces mediterráneas: un espacio de lucha y esperanza; 2008
 Las "Primaveras árabes" y las mujeres: riesgos y esperanzas. Debats,  0212-0585,  2530-3074, N.º 117, 2012 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Las revueltas árabes), págs. 70-77

 Las mujeres frente a la ortodoxia islámica, en el libro Hacia una democracia laica: Voces de mujeres musulmanas / coord. por Josefina Bueno Alonso, 2012,  978-84-7290-575-7, págs. 159-187
 El mundo árabo-musulmán y su mañana. Debats,  0212-0585,  2530-3074, N.º 125, 2014 (Ejemplar dedicado a: El hecho religioso), págs. 77-83

Referencias

Escritoras de Túnez
Profesores de la Universidad de Túnez
Feministas de Túnez
Activistas por los derechos de las mujeres de Túnez