Inspiring homeschool families to glorify God in a lifelong pursuit of truth, beauty and goodness through intentional community and classical curriculum. The word scholé (pronounced skoh-LAY) comes from a Greek word meaning "restful learning," the practice of which brings forth delight, reflection and contemplation.
Classical Education is based on the tradition of instruction taught in Classical antiquity that emphasized seeking truth, goodness, and beauty and the study of the liberal arts and the great books. What are the liberal arts? They are grammar, logic, rhetoric (the verbal arts of the trivium), arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy (the mathematical arts of the quadrivium). Classical learning also includes the study of Latin. The study of these subjects is a pursuit of truth, goodness, and beauty, trainining students how to learn, how to think, and how to pursue wisdom.
It is precisely this kind of training that has produced countless great leaders, inventors, scientists, writers, philosophers, theologians, physicians, lawyers, artists, and musicians over the centuries. Classical Educaion never really disappeared, but it did diminish around 1900 with the advent of progressive education. In an effort to restore this most proven form of student training, the liberal arts tradition has been renewed and expanded again over the last thirty years.
We endeavor to renew this classical tradition in our Scholé Group. We do so by focusing on a core curriculum of history, Latin, writing, music, mathematics, science, and a study of the great books. Our students study some of these subjects together with tutors during our Scholé Day and others at home in their homeschools.
As our name implies, we value the concept of "restful learning" that is at the root of the word scholé. The word scholé (pronounced skoh-LAY) comes from a Greek word that means "restful learning," with the connotation of "contemplation," "conversation," and "reflection." Scholé is also the basis for our English word "school," but this modern term has lost the connotation of restfulness. Progressive education often cultivates a learning experience that is frenetic, as students and teachers rush to "cover" required material. As a result, students tend to learn to cram, pass, and forget. Even within the classical tradition, it is easy to find ourselves approaching the practice of learning from a state of stress, striving anxiously to recover a rich tradition and thus missing the great depth it offers.
We are seeking to recover an approach to education that few—if any—of us experienced ourselves. As such, it is sometimes difficult to see the path ahead of us, and our process is often one of trial and error. Recovering the classical tradition and the scholé approach is only made possible by collaboration, which is why we have formed a Scholé Group community. We are united by our commitment to pursuing restful, classical training for our children, and we gather together to share our gifts, experience, and learned wisdom with one another in pursuit of this goal.
As a fellowship of adult and student learners, we submit ourselves to a liturgical practice of learning as we seek to pursue virtue through Scholé Days.
CCScholé holds to the Christian beliefs set forth in the Nicene Creed and we aspire to live life as described in 1 Corinthians 13.


36"x36" embellished giclee canvas print of "Enigma". Please allow 10 business days as these are hand embellished by Marcie, the original artist. I add some acrylic paint details by hand, each embellished canvas print still provides a unique touch, finished with a satin archival varnish.


FRANCISCAN HEALTH ALTERNACARE is an assisted living home in RENSSELAER, IN in the 47978 zip code area that provides assisted retirement living to up to 21 older adults in Jasper County.
RENSSELAER CARE CENTER is a senior living facility in RENSSELAER, IN in the 47978 zip code area that provides assisted senior living to a maximum of 157 older adults in Jasper County.
OAK GROVE CHRISTIAN RETIREMENT VILLAGE is an assisted living facility in DEMOTTE, IN in the 46310 zip code area that provides senior living to up to 111 seniors in Jasper County.
If you are looking for senior housing in RENSSELAER, you may want to consider Senior Apartments in RENSSELAER, IN that include assisted and independent living apartments.
Are you looking for nursing home care in RENSSELAER? If so, check out Nursing Homes in RENSSELAER, IN and locate all skilled nursing options.
Does your loved one have dementia or Alzheimer's disease? If so, please see memory care facilities in RENSSELAER, IN and explore all dementia and Alzheimer's care housing and service options.


Hot off the Presses, Fresh New H.O.P.s – PS11's H.O.P.
Many grades are finishing up their first units in Reading, Writing, and Math so we have put up all the new H.O.P.s for the second units. There are tons of great resources, be sure to check them out below!
Is Your Child an Introvert or an Extrovert? Which are You?


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Kittery Point es un lugar designado por el censo ubicado en el condado de York en el estado estadounidense de Maine. En el Censo de 2010 tenía una población de 1.012 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 151,98 personas por km².

Geografía
Kittery Point se encuentra ubicado en las coordenadas . Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, Kittery Point tiene una superficie total de 6.66 km², de la cual 4.94 km² corresponden a tierra firme y (25.83%) 1.72 km² es agua.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2010, había 1.012 personas residiendo en Kittery Point. La densidad de población era de 151,98 hab./km². De los 1.012 habitantes, Kittery Point estaba compuesto por el 98.72% blancos, el 0.1% eran afroamericanos, el 0.2% eran amerindios, el 0.59% eran asiáticos, el 0% eran isleños del Pacífico, el 0.2% eran de otras razas y el 0.2% pertenecían a dos o más razas. Del total de la población el 0.89% eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Lugares designados por el censo en Maine
Localidades del condado de York (Maine)
Localidades portuarias del Atlántico de Estados Unidos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The term "affirmative action" was first introduced by President Kennedy in 1961 as a method of remedying discrimination that had persisted in spite of constitutional guarantees. In 1964, President Johnson addressed and enforced the issue. He stated: "This is the next and more profound stage of the battle for civil rights. We seek not just equality as a right and a theory, but equality as a fact and as a result." Focusing in particular on education and jobs, affirmative action policies require that active measures be taken to ensure that minorities enjoyed the same opportunities for promotions, salary increases, career advancement, school admissions, scholarships, and financial aid. Affirmative action is intended to promote equal opportunity.


A counting board book about love for family and friends while teaching kids to count from 1 to 12. From one bear hug to twelve pretty red roses, 1-2-3, You Love Me will foster lots of hugs, kisses, and affection between parent and child while teaching young ones to count from one to twelve. With charming love-filled illustrations, sturdy pages, and clever rhyming text, this is the perfect gift for baby for Valentine's Day or any time of year. Sipping on yummy shakes, cuddling puppies, counting the colors in a rainbow, and making music with friends are all ways that children can express their love for their friends and family with Jill Howarth's delightful board book.
1-2-3, You Love Me ePub (Adobe DRM) can be read on any device that can open ePub (Adobe DRM) files.


Many people who see white hairs appear on the areas that they want to do laser hair removal treatments on wonder if laser and electrolysis hair removal can be done at the same time. The simple straightforward answer is yes however there are a few points that you should be aware of first.
If you read our post 'Are You A Good Candidate For Laser Hair Removal?' then you know that laser hair removal will not get rid of white or grey hairs because it can't see them. Electrolysis hair removal on the other hand can treat hairs of any color so in this case we can say that you can do laser and electrolysis hair removal treatments at the same time because the light hairs are not being treated by the laser.
The downside of doing laser and electrolysis at the same time is when shaving comes in to play. It's ok to shave your hairs when doing laser treatments however, when getting electrolysis it's best to leave the hairs alone so that they don't get stronger. The more you shave, the stronger the hairs get so even if you get electrolysis treatments on a weekly basis, the benefits of the treatments will be slowed down greatly. Over time, you will see results but it will take longer for it to happen.
As mentioned, over time you will see results but since you're shaving anyway keep in mind that the less you shave the better the results so try to keep it to a minimum. Once your laser treatments are finished then you should stop shaving altogether so that you really start seeing phenomenal results.
Doing electrolysis on the white and grey hairs will not affect the laser treatments as long as you don't touch the dark hairs.
It's not a good idea to do laser and electrolysis on the same area at the same time because the skin is too sensitive and can be damaged.
For help deciding if laser hair removal or electrolysis is better for you, check out this article.


Comments: A colorful vegetable for the landscape and dinner table. Grown during the cool season in the south. Produces striking, coarse textured foliage. Nicely combined with pansies for winter and spring color in the Lower South.


Nagpur: Diwali shopping is one thing you just cannot resist. The city has been shoppers favourite destination since many decades. From swanky malls to vibrant bazaars, Nagpur has a lot to offer to people from different income groups, requirements and taste.
If you are on a lookout for some good designer clothes in the city, you've come to the right place. After thorough research, we have compiled a list. So check this out!
Gwendolyn Dee, a National Institute of Fashion Technology, New Delhi bred Fashion Designer. Born and brought up in the orange city, her love for the city has brought her back to the roots and led to introduction of her label "Gwenz" for the first time ever in the city.
Fashion to her is something that is very subtle simple and most importantly individualistic.
'Gwenz Design Studio' was launched alongside the good cause of creating awareness of global warming and promoting a healthy life for children at the hands of four Miss Universe and Social worker Mr Satish Sikha. At Gwenz they create custom made wedding gowns, evening gowns, wedding lehengas, trousseaus as well as they have a ready to wear range of lehengas semi-formal, Indian, Indo-western, western women and kidswear.
Mandeep Bhatia, started around 2005 from home.With loads of appreciation from their clients and immense hope, they moved to a commercial place in North Nagpur in 2010. They grew with a steady growth since then and with the mouth publicity by their existing clients, they decided to go big in 2017 when they moved to their new store at a prime location, on the main road in Sadar.SHEHZAADI is an everyday household name or talk of the town in the past 1 year.They have a vast variety, product range includes Designer Suits, Kurtis, Gowns, Indo Westerns, Readymade dresses, Tunics, Lehengas, Unstitched Dress Materials and a lot more. Price range starts at around ₹900 and goes up beyond ₹40000.They also have our own In-house Custom Tailoring Unit for alterations and stitching.
Shweta Malpani, owner n designer at the eponymous Studio Shweta Malpani after completing her master's in fashion from Pearl Academy Delhi started her own label in the year 2009 from a small apartment in Nagpur. Her mantra of success is close interaction with clients to create designs focusing on client requirements. She doesn't define herself in any price range as she strictly works on budget that clients are comfortable with. The studio offers a wide range of quality designer fabrics to choose from at affordable prices.
The one stop shop for men's clothing. They have a huge collection of fabrics. Casual, formal, trousers, ethnic wear that will be made according to your wants. They are in town since 12 years. Price range starts from 500/-.


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Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology (13)
Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) (13)
Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance Among Pediatric Healthcare-Associated Infections Reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2011–2014
Jason G. Lake, Lindsey M. Weiner, Aaron M. Milstone, Lisa Saiman, Shelley S. Magill, Isaac See
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 39 / Issue 1 / January 2018
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 December 2017, pp. 1-11
To describe pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) from pediatric locations during 2011–2014.
Device-associated infection data were analyzed for central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and surgical site infection (SSI). Pooled mean percentage resistance was calculated for a variety of pathogen-antimicrobial resistance pattern combinations and was stratified by location for device-associated infections (neonatal intensive care units [NICUs], pediatric intensive care units [PICUs], pediatric oncology and pediatric wards) and by surgery type for SSIs.
From 2011 to 2014, 1,003 hospitals reported 20,390 pediatric HAIs and 22,323 associated pathogens to the NHSN. Among all HAIs, the following pathogens accounted for more than 60% of those reported: Staphylococcus aureus (17%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (17%), Escherichia coli (11%), Klebsiella pneumoniae and/or oxytoca (9%), and Enterococcus faecalis (8%). Among device-associated infections, resistance was generally lower in NICUs than in other locations. For several pathogens, resistance was greater in pediatric wards than in PICUs. The proportion of organisms resistant to carbapenems was low overall but reached approximately 20% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa from CLABSIs and CAUTIs in some locations. Among SSIs, antimicrobial resistance patterns were similar across surgical procedure types for most pathogens.
This report is the first pediatric-specific description of antimicrobial resistance data reported to the NHSN. Reporting of pediatric-specific HAIs and antimicrobial resistance data will help identify priority targets for infection control and antimicrobial stewardship activities in facilities that provide care for children.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:1–11
Clinical Correlates of Surveillance Events Detected by National Healthcare Safety Network Pneumonia and Lower Respiratory Infection Definitions—Pennsylvania, 2011–2012
Isaac See, Julia Chang, Nicole Gualandi, Genevieve L. Buser, Pamela Rohrbach, Debra A. Smeltz, Mary Jo Bellush, Susan E. Coffin, Jane M. Gould, Debra Hess, Patricia Hennessey, Sydney Hubbard, Andrea Kiernan, Judith O'Donnell, David A. Pegues, Jeffrey R. Miller, Shelley S. Magill
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 37 / Issue 7 / July 2016
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 April 2016, pp. 818-824
To determine the clinical diagnoses associated with the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) pneumonia (PNEU) or lower respiratory infection (LRI) surveillance events
Retrospective chart review
A convenience sample of 8 acute-care hospitals in Pennsylvania
All patients hospitalized during 2011–2012
Medical records were reviewed from a random sample of patients reported to the NHSN to have PNEU or LRI, excluding adults with ventilator-associated PNEU. Documented clinical diagnoses corresponding temporally to the PNEU and LRI events were recorded.
We reviewed 250 (30%) of 838 eligible PNEU and LRI events reported to the NHSN; 29 reported events (12%) fulfilled neither PNEU nor LRI case criteria. Differences interpreting radiology reports accounted for most misclassifications. Of 81 PNEU events in adults not on mechanical ventilation, 84% had clinician-diagnosed pneumonia; of these, 25% were attributed to aspiration. Of 43 adult LRI, 88% were in mechanically ventilated patients and 35% had no corresponding clinical diagnosis (infectious or noninfectious) documented at the time of LRI. Of 36 pediatric PNEU events, 72% were ventilator associated, and 70% corresponded to a clinical pneumonia diagnosis. Of 61 pediatric LRI patients, 84% were mechanically ventilated and 21% had no corresponding clinical diagnosis documented.
In adults not on mechanical ventilation and in children, most NHSN-defined PNEU events corresponded with compatible clinical conditions documented in the medical record. In contrast, NHSN LRI events often did not. As a result, substantial modifications to the LRI definitions were implemented in 2015.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:818–824
Evaluating the Use of the Case Mix Index for Risk Adjustment of Healthcare-Associated Infection Data: An Illustration using Clostridium difficile Infection Data from the National Healthcare Safety Network
Nicola D. Thompson, Jonathan R. Edwards, Margaret A. Dudeck, Scott K. Fridkin, Shelley S. Magill
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 October 2015, pp. 19-25
Case mix index (CMI) has been used as a facility-level indicator of patient disease severity. We sought to evaluate the potential for CMI to be used for risk adjustment of National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) healthcare-associated infection (HAI) data.
NHSN facility-wide laboratory-identified Clostridium difficile infection event data from 2012 were merged with the fiscal year 2012 Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) Impact file by CMS certification number (CCN) to obtain a CMI value for hospitals reporting to NHSN. Negative binomial regression was used to evaluate whether CMI was significantly associated with healthcare facility-onset (HO) CDI in univariate and multivariate analysis.
Among 1,468 acute care hospitals reporting CDI data to NHSN in 2012, 1,429 matched by CCN to a CMI value in the Impact file. CMI (median, 1.49; interquartile range, 1.36–1.66) was a significant predictor of HO CDI in univariate analysis (P<.0001). After controlling for community onset CDI prevalence rate, medical school affiliation, hospital size, and CDI test type use, CMI remained highly significant (P<.0001), with an increase of 0.1 point in CMI associated with a 3.4% increase in the HO CDI incidence rate.
CMI was a significant predictor of NHSN HO CDI incidence. Additional work to explore the feasibility of using CMI for risk adjustment of NHSN data is necessary.
Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):19–25
Mucosal Barrier Injury Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections (MBI-LCBI): Descriptive Analysis of Data Reported to National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN), 2013
Lauren Epstein, Isaac See, Jonathan R. Edwards, Shelley S. Magill, Nicola D. Thompson
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 October 2015, pp. 2-7
To determine the impact of mucosal barrier injury laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections (MBI-LCBIs) on central-line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates during the first year of MBI-LCBI reporting to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN)
Descriptive analysis of 2013 NHSN data
Selected inpatient locations in acute care hospitals
A descriptive analysis of MBI-LCBI cases was performed. CLABSI rates per 1,000 central-line days were calculated with and without the inclusion of MBI-LCBIs in the subset of locations reporting ≥1 MBI-LCBI, and in all locations (regardless of MBI-LCBI reporting) to determine rate differences overall and by location type.
From 418 locations in 252 acute care hospitals reporting ≥1 MBI-LCBIs, 3,162 CLABSIs were reported; 1,415 (44.7%) met the MBI-LCBI definition. Among these locations, removing MBI-LCBI from the CLABSI rate determination produced the greatest CLABSI rate decreases in oncology (49%) and ward locations (45%). Among all locations reporting CLABSI data, including those reporting no MBI-LCBIs, removing MBI-LCBI reduced rates by 8%. Here, the greatest decrease was in oncology locations (38% decrease); decreases in other locations ranged from 1.2% to 4.2%.
An understanding of the potential impact of removing MBI-LCBIs from CLABSI data is needed to accurately interpret CLABSI trends over time and to inform changes to state and federal reporting programs. Whereas the MBI-LCBI definition may have a large impact on CLABSI rates in locations where patients with certain clinical conditions are cared for, the impact of MBI-LCBIs on overall CLABSI rates across inpatient locations appears to be more modest.
Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):2–7
Evaluating State-Specific Antibiotic Resistance Measures Derived from Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections, National Healthcare Safety Network, 2011
Minn M. Soe, Jonathan R. Edwards, Dawn M. Sievert, Philip M. Ricks, Shelley S. Magill, Scott K. Fridkin
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 January 2015, pp. 54-64
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry.
Describe the impact of standardizing state-specific summary measures of antibiotic resistance that inform regional interventions to reduce transmission of resistant pathogens in healthcare settings.
Analysis of public health surveillance data.
Central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) data from intensive care units (ICUs) of facilities reporting to the National Healthcare Safety Network in 2011 were analyzed. For CLABSI due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-nonsusceptible Klebsiella species, and carbapenem-nonsusceptible Klebsiella species, we computed 3 state-level summary measures of nonsusceptibility: crude percent nonsusceptible, model-based adjusted percent nonsusceptible, and crude infection incidence rate.
Overall, 1,791 facilities reported CLABSIs from ICU patients. Of 1,618 S. aureus CLABSIs with methicillin-susceptibility test results, 791 (48.9%) were due to MRSA. Of 756 Klebsiella CLABSIs with ESC-susceptibility test results, 209 (27.7%) were due to ESC-nonsusceptible Klebsiella, and among 661 Klebsiella CLABSI with carbapenem susceptibility test results, 70 (10.6%) were due to carbapenem-nonsusceptible Klebsiella. All 3 state-specific measures demonstrated variability in magnitude by state. Adjusted measures, with few exceptions, were not appreciably different from crude values for any phenotypes. When linking values of crude and adjusted percent nonsusceptible by state, a state's absolute rank shifted slightly for MRSA in 5 instances and only once each for ESC-nonsusceptible and carbapenem-nonsusceptible Klebsiella species. Infection incidence measures correlated strongly with both percent nonsusceptibility measures.
Crude state-level summary measures, based on existing NHSN CLABSI data, may suffice to assess geographic variability in antibiotic resistance. As additional variables related to antibiotic resistance become available, risk-adjusted summary measures are preferable.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(1): 54–64
Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update
Michael Klompas, Richard Branson, Eric C. Eichenwald, Linda R. Greene, Michael D. Howell, Grace Lee, Shelley S. Magill, Lisa L. Maragakis, Gregory P. Priebe, Kathleen Speck, Deborah S. Yokoe, Sean M. Berenholtz
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 35 / Issue S2 / September 2014
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 May 2016, pp. S133-S154
Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and other ventilator-associated events (VAEs) and to improve outcomes for mechanically ventilated adults, children, and neonates. This document updates "Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Care Hospitals," published in 2008. This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise. The list of endorsing and supporting organizations is presented in the introduction to the 2014 updates.
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 35 / Issue 8 / August 2014
Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and other ventilator-associated events (VAEs) and to improve outcomes for mechanically ventilated adults, children, and neonates. This document updates "Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Care Hospitals," published in 2008. This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise. The list of endorsing and supporting organizations is presented in the introduction to the 2014 updates.
Developing a New, National Approach to Surveillance for Ventilator-Associated Events: Executive Summary
Shelley S. Magill, Michael Klompas, Robert Balk, Suzanne M. Burns, Clifford S. Deutschman, Daniel Diekema, Scott Fridkin, Linda Greene, Alice Guh, David Gutterman, Beth Hammer, David Henderson, Dean R. Hess, Nicholas S. Hill, Teresa Horan, Marin Kollef, Mitchell Levy, Edward Septimus, Carole VanAntwerpen, Don Wright, Pamela Lipsett
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 34 / Issue 12 / December 2013
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 January 2015, pp. 1239-1243
Print publication: December 2013
This article is an executive summary of a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Surveillance Definition Working Group, entitled "Developing a new, national approach to surveillance for ventilator-associated events" and published in Critical Care Medicine. The full report provides a comprehensive description of the Working Group process and outcome.
In September 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) convened a Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Surveillance Definition Working Group to organize a formal process for leaders and experts of key stakeholder organizations to discuss the challenges of VAP surveillance definitions and to propose new approaches to VAP surveillance in adult patients (Table 1).
Incidence Trends in Pathogen-Specific Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections in US Intensive Care Units, 1990–2010
Ryan P. Fagan, Jonathan R. Edwards, Benjamin J. Park, Scott K. Fridkin, Shelley S. Magill
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 34 / Issue 9 / September 2013
Objective.
To quantify historical trends in rates of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in US intensive care units (ICUs) caused by major pathogen groups, including Candida spp., Enterococcus spp., specified gram-negative rods, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Active surveillance in a cohort of participating ICUs through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system during 1990–2004, and the National Healthcare Safety Network during 2006–2010.
ICUS.
Participants.
Patients who were admitted to participating ICUs.
The CLABSI incidence density rate for S. aureus decreased annually starting in 2002 and remained lower than for other pathogen groups. Since 2006, the annual decrease for S. aureus CLABSIs in nonpediatric ICU types was −18.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], −20.8% to −15.8%), whereas the incidence density rate for S. aureus among pediatric ICUs did not change. The annual decrease for all ICUs combined since 2006 was −17.8% (95% CI, −19.4% to −16.1%) for Enterococcus spp., −16.4% (95% CI, −18.2% to −14.7%) for gram-negative rods, and −13.5% (95% CI, −15.4% to −11.5%) for Candida spp.
Patterns of ICU CLABSI incidence density rates among major pathogen groups have changed considerably during recent decades. CLABSI incidence declined steeply since 2006, except for CLABSI due to S. aureus in pediatric ICUs. There is a need to better understand CLABSIs that still do occur, on the basis of microbiological and patient characteristics. New prevention approaches may be needed in addition to central line insertion and maintenance practices.
Mucosal Barrier Injury Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infection: Results from a Field Test of a New National Healthcare Safety Network Definition
Isaac See, Martha Iwamoto, Kathy Allen-Bridson, Teresa Horan, Shelley S. Magill, Nicola D. Thompson
To assess challenges to implementation of a new National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance definition, mucosal barrier injury laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (MBI-LCBI).
Multicenter field test.
Selected locations of acute care hospitals participating in NHSN central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance.
Hospital staff augmented their CLABSI surveillance for 2 months to incorporate MBI-LCBI: a primary bloodstream infection due to a selected group of organisms in patients with either neutropenia or an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant with gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease or diarrhea. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff reviewed submitted data to verify whether CLABSIs met MBI-LCBI criteria and summarized the descriptive epidemiology of cases reported.
Eight cancer, 2 pediatric, and 28 general acute care hospitals including 193 inpatient units (49% oncology/bone marrow transplant [BMT], 21% adult ward, 20% adult critical care, 6% pediatric, 4% step-down) conducted field testing. Among 906 positive blood cultures reviewed, 282 CLABSIs were identified. Of the 103 CLABSIs that also met MBI-LCBI criteria, 100 (97%) were reported from oncology/BMT locations. Agreement between hospital staff and CDC classification of reported CLABSIs as meeting the MBI-LCBI definition was high (90%; k= 0.82). Most MBI-LCBIs (91%) occurred in patients meeting neutropenia criteria. Some hospitals indicated that their laboratories' methods of reporting cell counts prevented application of neutropenia criteria; revised neutropenia criteria were created using data from field testing.
Hospital staff applied the MBI-LCBI definition accurately. Field testing informed modifications for the January 2013 implementation of MBI-LCBI in the NHSN.
Evaluating the Accuracy of Sampling to Estimate Central Line–Days Simplification of the National Healthcare Safety Network Surveillance Methods
Nicola D. Thompson, Jonathan R. Edwards, Wendy Bamberg, Zintars G. Beldavs, Ghinwa Dumyati, Deborah Godine, Meghan Maloney, Marion Kainer, Susan Ray, Deborah Thompson, Lucy Wilson, Shelley S. Magill
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 34 / Issue 3 / March 2013
Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals in Jacksonville, Florida
Shelley S. Magill, Walter Hellinger, Jessica Cohen, Robyn Kay, Christine Bailey, Bonnie Boland, Darlene Carey, Jessica de Guzman, Karen Dominguez, Jonathan Edwards, Lori Goraczewski, Teresa Horan, Melodee Miller, Marti Phelps, Rebecca Saltford, Jacquelyn Seibert, Brenda Smith, Patricia Starling, Bonnie Viergutz, Karla Walsh, Mobeen Rathore, Nilmarie Guzman, Scott Fridkin
To determine healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevalence in 9 hospitals in Jacksonville, Florida; to evaluate the performance of proxy indicators for HAIs; and to refine methodology in preparation for a multistate survey.
Point prevalence survey.
Acute care inpatients of any age.
HAIs were defined using National Healthcare Safety Network criteria. In each facility a trained primary team (PT) of infection prevention (IP) staff performed the survey on 1 day, reviewing records and collecting data on a random sample of inpatients. PTs assessed patients with one or more proxy indicators (abnormal white blood cell count, abnormal temperature, or antimicrobial therapy) for the presence of HAIs. An external IP expert team collected data from a subset of patient records reviewed by PTs to assess proxy indicator performance and PT data collection.
Of 851 patients surveyed by PTs, 51 had one or more HAIs (6.0%; 95% confidence interval, 4.5%–7.7%). Surgical site infections (n = 18), urinary tract infections (n = 9), pneumonia (n = 9), and bloodstream infections (n = 8) accounted for 75.8% of 58 HAIs detected by PTs. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen, causing 9 HAIs (15.5%). Antimicrobial therapy was the most sensitive proxy indicator, identifying 95.5% of patients with HAIs.
HAI prevalence in this pilot was similar to that reported in the 1970s by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Study on the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control. Antimicrobial therapy was a sensitive screening variable with which to identify those patients at higher risk for infection and reduce data collection burden. Additional work is needed on validation and feasibility to extend this methodology to a national scale.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(3):283-291
Investigation of an Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infections among Healthcare Personnel in a Chicago Hospital
Shelley S. Magill, Stephanie R. Black, Matthew E. Wise, Alexander J. Kallen, Soo-Jeong Lee, Tracie Gardner, Farah Husain, Arjun Srinivasan, Susan I. Gerber, Michael Jhung
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 32 / Issue 6 / June 2011
Print publication: June 2011
In May 2009, we investigated a hospital outbreak of pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) infection among healthcare personnel (HCP). Thirteen (65%) of 20 HCP with pH1N1 infection had healthcare-associated cases, which were primarily attributed to transmission among HCP. Eleven (55%) of HCP with pH1N1 infection worked for 1 day or more after the onset of illness. Personnel working with mild illness may have contributed to transmission among HCP.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Daily Show with Trevor Noah
August 1, 2022 - Pete Buttigieg
Season 27 E 116 • 08/01/2022
President Biden plans to close border wall gaps, Roy Wood Jr. explores the Black origins of house music, and Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg discusses U.S. infrastructure challenges.
S27 • E126
August 17, 2022 - John Boyega
GOP Congresswoman Liz Cheney loses her primary race in Wyoming, Trevor examines the origin and impact of bank overdraft fees, and actor John Boyega discusses his movie "Breaking."
August 16, 2022 - Sterling K. Brown
Flash flooding wreaks havoc in Las Vegas, The Daily Show examines the life of Elon Musk, and actor Sterling K. Brown talks about his role in the movie "Honk for Jesus. Save Your Soul."
August 15, 2022 - Alex Wagner
Donald Trump makes excuses amid revelations he kept top secret documents at Mar-a-Lago, Ronny Chieng examines the U.S. Space Force, and Alex Wagner discusses her show "Alex Wagner Tonight."
August 11, 2022 - Abbi Jacobson
Donald Trump reportedly fears an FBI mole in his inner circle, Ronny Chieng asks provocative questions at the beach, and actor Abbi Jacobson talks about her series "A League of Their Own."
August 10, 2022 - Akin Omotoso
Donald Trump invokes the Fifth Amendment during a deposition in New York, Jordan Klepper visits a Trump rally in Wisconsin, and director Akin Omotoso discusses his movie "Rise."
August 9, 2022 - Idris Elba
The FBI raids Donald Trump's Mar-a-Lago residence, Trevor gets help from his audience on how to avoid being canceled online, and actor Idris Elba discusses his movie "Beast."
Extended - August 8, 2022 - Tim Scott & Nathalie Emmanuel
The Senate passes a historic climate and health bill, South Carolina Sen. Tim Scott discusses "America, a Redemption Story," and Nathalie Emmanuel talks about her role in "The Invitation."
August 4, 2022 - Amandla Stenberg
Scientists reanimate cells from dead pigs, Michael Kosta hosts another trivia game in Times Square, and actor Amandla Stenberg discusses her horror comedy film "Bodies Bodies Bodies."
August 3, 2022 - Ryuji Chua
Kansas voters protect abortion rights, America's student debt crisis is putting the squeeze on elderly borrowers, and Ryuji Chua discusses his documentary "How Conscious Can a Fish Be?"
August 2, 2022 - Alec Karakatsanis & Ms. Pat
Nancy Pelosi's Taiwan visit rankles China, civil rights lawyer Alec Karakatsanis discusses his book "Usual Cruelty," and comedian Ms. Pat talks about her series "The Ms. Pat Show."
July 28, 2022 - Leila Mottley
America's slowing economy sparks a recession debate, Sen. Joe Manchin reaches an agreement with his fellow Democrats on a climate bill, and Leila Mottley discusses her novel "Nightcrawling."
Extended - July 27, 2022 - Rafael A. Mangual
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi's planned trip to Taiwan angers China, Ronny Chieng examines the Move Oregon's Border movement, and Rafael A. Mangual discusses his book "Criminal (In)Justice."
July 26, 2022 - Molly Burke & Brian Cox
Pope Francis apologizes for schools that abused Indigenous peoples, Molly Burke discusses her advocacy for the disabled community, and actor Brian Cox talks about his role on "Succession."
July 25, 2022 - Daniel Kaluuya
The monkeypox virus officially becomes a global health emergency, Trevor dives into revelations from the eighth January 6 hearing, and Daniel Kaluuya discusses his role in the movie "Nope."
July 21, 2022 - Blitz Bazawule
President Biden tests positive for COVID-19, the January 6 hearings appear to spell trouble for Donald Trump, and artist Blitz Bazawule discusses his novel "The Scent of Burnt Flowers."
July 20, 2022 - Jenny Slate
The House passes a sweeping marriage equality bill, Dulcé Sloan examines gender stereotypes in children's books, and comedian Jenny Slate discusses her film "Marcel the Shell with Shoes On."
July 19, 2022 - Gregory Robinson
The Secret Service deletes texts from January 6, 2021, Kevin Matthew Kelp (Michael Kosta) cracks a fruit conspiracy, and NASA's Gregory Robinson discusses the James Webb Space Telescope.
July 18, 2022 - Terri Jackson
Sen. Joe Manchin deals a blow to climate change policy, Dulcé Sloan tries to make New Yorkers late for work, and the WNBPA's Terri Jackson discusses Russia's detainment of Brittney Griner.
Extended - June 30, 2022 - Veronica Ivy & Moses Ingram
The Supreme Court severely undermines the EPA, track cycling champion Veronica Ivy discusses transgender athlete rights, and actor Moses Ingram talks about her role on "Obi-Wan Kenobi."
June 29, 2020 - Van Lathan Jr.
Sweden and Finland are joining NATO, Desi Lydic examines the origins and evolution of Pride Month, and writer and podcaster Van Lathan Jr. discusses his memoir "Fat, Crazy, and Tired."
The Daily Show with Trevor NoahS27 E106
Van Lathan Jr. - "Fat, Crazy, and Tired"
Writer and podcaster Van Lathan Jr. talks about society's stigmatization of overweight people, the pro-Trump politics he encountered working at TMZ and his memoir "Fat, Crazy, and Tired."
NATO Expansion, Abortion Data Traps & Flight Cancellations
Finland and Sweden are poised to join NATO, women delete their period tracking apps in response to the overturning of Roe v. Wade, and airlines are woefully unprepared for summer travelers.
The History of Pride Month
Desi Lydic examines how June became Pride Month, from its roots in LGBTQ+ activism in the 1960s to its official recognition by U.S. presidents and to its evolution into a global phenomenon.


Pammy Blogs Beauty: The NEW Michael Todd Soniclear Elite Face + Body Sonic Cleansing System: Giveaway!!!
The NEW Michael Todd Soniclear Elite Face + Body Sonic Cleansing System: Giveaway!!!
Did you know that Michael Todd has a NEW addition to their Sonic Cleansing collection? Introducing the NEW Michael Todd Soniclear Elite Face + Body Sonic Cleansing System!
I am a huge fan of Michael Todd Skincare. Their Knu Serum and Soniclear Brush have been staples in my beauty routine for awhile (be sure to check out my previous reviews here and here, if you haven't already). They are items and products that I always return to in-between testing out other products for the blog. So, when I heard that a new Soniclear was coming out, you know that I wanted to jump at the chance to try this baby out!
To find out how I like the new Soniclear Elite and to enter the Giveaway for a Soniclear Elite, please click "read more" below!
Essentially, this new Soniclear Elite from Michael Todd is the same as the original Soniclear with the addition of C-BoostTM Collagen Technology. So, you get the same awesome cleansing and exfoliating as the original Soniclear (including the antimicrobial protection) plus now you also get C-BoostTM Collagen Technology, an optional collagen boosting operating mode that delivers pulsating massage to stimulate collagen & elastin production for more youthful looking skin.
The Soniclear Elite is a great addition to my skincare routine! It is very similar to the origional Soniclear. The difference is the new Soniclear Elite brushes have the included C-BoostTM Collagen Technology which is an option to for the brush to turn left and then right quickly which is to increase collagen production. The origional Soniclear models only had that option for the larger body brush. So, essentially the Soniclear is the same as the Soniclear Elite with the difference being the C-BoostTM Collagen Technology in the Elite model.
I find that I get best results when I use my Soniclear or Soniclear Elite 2-3 times a week (rather than daily or more freqently) because I have sensitive skin. If I use it any more frequently, I end up with irritation bumps. The Soniclear and Soniclear Elite provides gentle exfoliation and a super deep cleanse. I use the Soniclear Elite in the evenings when I wash my face. I simply wet my face, apply cleanser, wet the Soniclear Elite, and then gently move the Soniclear Elite over my face, and then rinse (and rinse the Soniclear Elite). My skin is left so soft, smooth, and clean! Plus, it allows for better absorption of my skincare products.
Prize: 1 winner will get 1 Soniclear Elite.
Rules: Please see Giveaway form for more details. Giveaway open to USA only. Pammy Blogs Beauty is not responsible for items lost/damaged in shipping. Prize is not redeemable for cash. 18 or older only. Contest void where prohibited. Giveaway ends: August 31st 2015!
No, I don't use any special device to cleanse my face.
I currently do not use a facial brush or any similar device, I'd definitely would love to try something like that though.
I use the Olay facial brush system. I like it after trying it. Didn't think I would like a face scrubber but it really does make a difference!
I had a sonic device that I gave to my daughter to use so could use another one for me!
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I do not currently use a facial device but I would if I had one!
I currently do not use a facial device but would love to win one.
No, I've never tried a brush before but would love to!
I love my Michael Todd Soniclear Elite!
I have never used a cleansing brush, but have always wanted to try one!!
No I don't, I've never even tried one before.
I had a Clarisonic and just couldn't get that it was so rough?hard? unsure. But have wanted to try something different! Fingers totally crossed :) Thanks for the opportunity!
I currently use a Clarisonic.
No, I do not own any type of facial brush but would love to. I've had a facial done at Dillards with a facial brush and it has helped my skin.
I do not own a facial brush but have had one used on me at a local department store that really helped my skin.
Thanks for this awesome giveaway! I currently do not have a cleansing brush ut would love to have one!
I don't currently use a facial brush to clean my face, but I've been wanting to try one!
I've had a Clarasonic before, and -meh. Never saw any difference. Love Michael Todd products, tho-so excited to try!
Yes, I do have a MIA!
I currently do not use a facial brush, but I would love to try a good one like this.
yes i currently have a clarisonic brush that i brought abt 2 yrs ago. i have had lots of problems with it, has been replaced 3 times already.
I use the Clarisonic Aria.
I don't have a face brush, I've wanted one for a long time!
The only device I've ever used is the Olay Fresh Effects one that sells/sold for $13 at drugstores. I've wanted a good one for so long!!
i currently do not have or ever had a cleansing brush but have been looking so get one for my birthday in September! but I'm also heading to college in a few days so we'll see!
i use a braun sil epil 7 epilator, it has a brush with it. i use it for body!
have yet to try one!
I don't use a facial brush or device. They're so expensive!
I dont use one but would love to.
I use the Olay facial brush.
No, I don't use any special devices to cleanse my face. I would like to try this one!


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Pensacola man sentenced to prison after 74 grams of heroin found in his vehicle
A Pensacola man has been sentenced to state prison on drug charges, according to a written release by State Attorney Bill Eddins.
Adrian Brooks, 46, was sentenced Wednesday to 25 years in state prison after previously having pleaded no contest to trafficking in heroin, possession of a controlled substance and resisting an officer without violence.
Brooks was sentenced with a minimum mandatory sentence of 25 years, which means he will serve his sentence day-for-day, according to Eddins.
His charges stemmed from an April 24 incident when Pensacola Police Department officers conducted a traffic stop on Brooks' vehicle after a 911 caller expressed concern Brooks was going to drive impaired, Eddins wrote.
Florida Man headlines:Yes, these headlines are real. See Florida Man stories from 2019 you might've missed.
Chapins Landing Apartments:Pensacola police investigating after body found at apartment complex
Officers found Brooks passed out behind the wheel around 11:30 a.m. and discovered 74 grams of heroin, two baggies of Tramadol and a digital scale, Eddins wrote. As officers were attempting to place him in handcuffs, Brooks resisted.
Brooks' prior criminal history consists of 12 felonies and 7 misdemeanors including attempted second-degree murder, possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, three prior drug offenses, crimes involving obstruction of justice, thefts and other violent crimes.
He was most recently released from prison in 2014.


1. Go to the Start menu, and type cmd into the bottom box.
2. Right click the cmd(.exe) shown at the top of the menu, and choose "Run as Administrator"
5. After the data appears, please copy the contents by right clicking, choosing Mark, then click and highlight the text. Paste this text into a text file (Word, Notepad,etc.), and save the file.
Please attach the above log files and the ipconfig text file to your ticket.
3. After the data appears, please copy and paste this text into a text file (e.g TextEdit, etc.), and save the file.
5. Click "Go" in the menu bar along the top of the screen.
Please attach the above log files and the ifconfig text file to your ticket.
4. Next, please navigate to your Home directory folder.
5. While in your Home directory press the Ctrl and the letter H together. This will bring up your hidden folders.


text:
You are currently browsing articles tagged Army Rangers.
Women Don't Belong in Ranger School
June 14, 2012 in Army | Permalink
by: Stephen Kilcullen
"…Ranger School isn't about improving the career prospects of individual candidates. Our motto is "Rangers lead the way." Many a Ranger has lived these words before being killed in action—certain that if a Ranger couldn't accomplish the mission, nobody could. This unique culture lures the kind of young, smart soldiers needed to get the toughest jobs done. The promise of something bigger than oneself—bigger than any career track—is what motivates these men.
"…The notion of allowing women into Ranger School because denying them the experience would harm their careers makes Ranger graduates cringe. Such politically correct thinking is the ultimate expression of the "me" culture, and it jeopardizes core Ranger ideals."
Tags: Army Rangers, women in combat
Report on the 2011 Medal of Honor Convention, Louisville Ky.
October 20, 2011 in Medal of Honor | 2 comments
Over 50 of the living recipients gathered here for a group photo in front of Churchill Downs Paddock area.
Men of Honor
by Norman Fulkerson
On the evening of September 28, 2011 hundreds of Kentuckians gathered in downtown Louisville to catch a glimpse of a distinguished group of men who were visiting the state. The classic red carpet treatment one would expect for such an event was rolled out over a section of Main Street while a gigantic American flag waved overhead.
Those honored to walk this red carpet however were not movie stars or musicians. They were members of the most elite group in America, who earned their fame through blood, sweat and tears. During some point in their lives they had been either shot at, blown up, burned, broken, beaten, starved, imprisoned and in some cases, all of the above. For their heroism they earned our nation's highest military award for valor, the Medal of Honor (MOH).
History of the Medal
Originally created in 1861 by Abraham Lincoln, the Medal is bestowed upon members of the Armed Services who distinguish themselves in battle by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of their life above and beyond the call of duty, while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States. In 1958 President Dwight Eisenhower signed a piece of legislation forming what is known today as the Congressional Medal of Honor Society (CMOHS). Since its inception there have been 3458 recipients. There are only 85 living recipients today.
Every year, the Medal of Honor Society holds a convention in a host city for those distinguished service members who have received this prestigious award. The city of Louisville, Kentucky was delighted to have the 2011 convention because this year marks the 150th Anniversary of the medal's creation and more importantly the most recent recipient of the award, Cpl. Dakota Meyer, hails from nearby Greensburg, Kentucky. Besides being the youngest, he is the first living Marine since the Vietnam War to receive the honor. Although he is a mature and serious 23-year-old man now, he was only 21 when he defied death numerous times to save the lives of his friends.
MOH Recipients were treated to lunch in Churchill Downs Millionaire Roll followed by two signature horses provided by the track.
Convention Events
Besides the opening day red carpet treatment dubbed the Walk of Heroes, there were a number of other events which provided locals the chance to meet and honor members of this distinct group. One of the conventions premier events was the Tribute to American Valor held at the Yum Convention Center.
The evening began with a demonstration by the famous Marine Corps Silent Drill Team followed by theatrical narrations of select recipients from wars going all the way back to World War II. When the skit was finished the actual person who performed the deeds would step onto the stadium floor to thunderous applause.
Considering the location of this year's event, it is not surprising that organizers chose to single out those from the Bluegrass State. Kentucky has had 56 honorees accredited to the state. Don Jenkins, from Quality, Kentucky was working in the coal mines when at 19 he was drafted into the Army and sent to Vietnam in January of 1969. During an intense fire fight he ran into an exposed area cradling an M-60 machine gun. When it ran out of ammo, he grabbed a rifle, and then made multiple trips through heavy fire to get more ammunition from dead GIs. He later grabbed two anti-tank weapons and ran straight at the enemy once more, taking out two enemy bunkers. After receiving shrapnel wounds in his legs and stomach, Mr. Jenkins heard the cries of help from fellow soldiers trapped in the midst of the battle. He ignored his injuries and went back into the fray on four more occasions and dragged those men to safety. He returned to the U.S. later in the same year, received his medal in 1971 and returned to the coal mines of Kentucky until he was forced to retire in 1999 because of disability.
Sgt. Gary Litrell, a former president of the CMOHS is from Henderson, Kentucky. He earned his medal in Vietnam in 1970 during a four-day battle where he showed superhuman endurance. His was an advisor to 473 fellow Vietnamese Army Rangers who were attacked and almost overwhelmed by 5000 enemy troops. When his commanding officers were killed Sgt. Litrell took command and over the next four days he repeatedly abandoned a position of relative safety to direct artillery and air support, distribute ammunition and help the wounded.
Sgt. Dakota Meyer, the most recent MOH recipient, during press conference held at the Galt House Hotel in Downtown Louisville. .
The best was saved for last when the deeds of Dakota Meyer were recounted. Cpl. Meyer received his medal for saving the lives of 36 American and Afghan soldiers and Marines who were ambushed by a much superior Taliban force in the village of Ganjgal. During a battle which lasted over six hours, Cpl. Meyer made five trips into the fire fight with the certainty he would not come out alive. On a several occasions, he was forced to fire, at point-blank range upon enemy soldiers trying to take over his vehicle.
Cpl. Myer merely stood there with hands folded in silence as the audience applauded the narration of his feats. Like all MOH recipients he feels he did nothing worthy of praise. "I was only doing my job," he often responds to those who laud his actions.
Visits to Schools
The recipients also took time to participate in an outreach program in which some of them visited fifteen area schools throughout the Jefferson Country public school system. They were received with admiration by star struck youth, who sat up straight, and hung on their every word.
Louisville did something different from other host cities in the past. Each of the recipients received a personalized welcome letter from an area high school student. The envelope carrying the letter described how the class had "read about the Medal of Honor recipients who were coming to the convention and wanted to be sure you knew how much it means to them that you are here."
Col. Harvey Barnum received a letter from a student at East High School who explained he was contemplating the military life because of the example of men like him. The student then briefly narrated Col. Barnum's deeds and how he was able to "rally his troops" and "raise the moral of the other units while under heavy fire."
"This to me is amazing," he said, "and something I don't believe I could do. You give me an inspiration and make me want to give back to this country."
The author left with Col. Walter "Joe" Marm in the lobby of the Galt House Hotel.
"It's Like They Have a Halo Around Them"
A visit to Louisville would not be complete without a trip to historic Churchill Downs. After taking a look at 2003 Kentucky Derby winner Funny Cide, in the paddock area — brought in especially for the occasion — the heroes were treated to lunch in Churchill Downs 4th floor Millionaire's Row. Since it was open seating, attendees could pick the hero of their choice to have lunch with. I was honored to sit at the table of Col. Walter Marm. To my left was Cory Etchberger, the son of MOH recipient Richard Etchberger. His father was killed during heroic actions in Vietnam but was only awarded the Medal last year.
He shared his thoughts on the experience of attending his first convention and one particularly interesting story about a lady he bumped into named Michelle. She was in town for a Christian Education convention and at the suggestion of her husband decided to stay on for a couple of days. To her surprise she ran into Cory who explained the convention and the feats of some the men standing around her. She was amazed at her good fortune but overwhelmed when Mr. Etchberger kindly offered to take her picture with MOH recipient Col. James Fleming. She was speechless as she walked away in tears.
I had a similar experience when I spotted Don and Sherry Gilbertson in the Churchill Downs museum. They are from Pebble Beach, Fl. and just happened to be in town for a car show. Mrs. Gilbertson could hardly contain her enthusiasm for the opportunity to just stand in the same room with such heroes. "I feel in awe just being next to them," she said. "It's like they have a halo around them."
When the recipients gathered for a group photo in the paddock area, a lady standing next to me could hardly contain her childlike enthusiasm as she took one picture after another. "Oh, my gosh," she just kept exclaiming, "oh my gosh!"
On the way out I happened to jump on the elevator with a Churchill Downs employee who felt the need to share his experience of the day. He described watching each of the recipients as they walked across the blue carpet and into the park. "I could hardly keep my eyes dry," he said.
The distinguished group of Medal of Honor recipients attending this years event. During some point in their lives they had been either shot at, blown up, burned, broken, beaten, starved, imprisoned and in some cases, all of the above. For their heroism they earned our nation's highest military award for valor, the Medal of Honor (MOH).
The author with Sgt. Allan Kellogg.
Informal Conversations
It is hard to describe what it was like being in the midst of such men. It seemed like everywhere you turned you were either in the presence of a hero or someone related. At Churchill Downs, I happened to be standing next to Megan, the 23-year-old daughter of Army Specialist John Baca. He could not make it to the event but she described how her father jumped on a live grenade during the Vietnam War and lived to tell about it. This act of selflessness is not an uncommon thing among American servicemen.
Standing next to her was the daughter of Sgt. Maj. Allan Kellogg. I had met him the day before and was impressed with the way he calmly told of his encounter with a live ordnance during his 1970 tour in Vietnam. The grenade bounced off his chest and landed at his feet as he was leading his men through a rice paddy. Sgt. Kellogg jammed it into the mud then fell on it. The subsequent explosion knocked his .45 pistol out of his hands and detonated his ammunition belt. In spite of the severity of his injuries, he re-assumed command of his men and led them to safety.
Col. Don Ballard, a hospital corpsman in Vietnam, was also at the convention. On May 16, 1968 his company was ambushed by a North Vietnamese unit. He was caring for a Marine who had been badly wounded when another Marine yelled "grenade." Col. Ballard refused to allow any harm to his patient and instinctively jumped on it. After what seemed like an eternity — and no explosion — he stood up and threw the grenade which detonated in midair.
World War II veteran Robert Maxwell was not so lucky. He and I chatted in front of Churchill Downs paddock area where he told about the feats which earned him our nation's highest honor. He was holding some Germans at bay during a firefight with only his .45 pistol. Suddenly a grenade landed in the courtyard of their compound only a few feet away from the door of the command post. His first impulse was to throw it but feared there would be no time to do so. He then decided to smother it with his body so as to save others from injury. What most impressed me about him was his "grandfatherly" kindness and willingness to recount a story he has told so many times before.
These informal conversations were, by far, what made the convention most special. I found myself constantly gravitating between an objective reporter of events and an adoring fan. I was not alone.
Col. Jim Coy is a retired Medic with the Special Operations who served as the senior surgeon with the Army Special Forces. In spite of his own noble service to our country he, like many other hero worshipers, patiently waited as the recipients passed to get their signatures in a beautiful book titled, Medal of Honor; Portraits of Valor Beyond the Call of Duty by Nick Del Calzo and Peter Collier.
Dave Loether proudly unfurls an Army flag with numerous MOH signatures.
Another permanent fixture in the hotel lobby was Dave Loether. His son is currently serving our country in Afghanistan with the U.S. Army. Among Mr. Loether's most prized possessions is a flag he proudly unfurled for me. He had it signed by all the Army MOH recipients as a gift for his son.
"The Biggest Honor I Have Ever Had."
The convention's final event was the Patriots Awards Dinner. Officer Patterson stopped me at the entrance to check my identification. He was involved in escorting the recipients and explained how impressed he was at the reception they received from the public. "As each of them arrived in the airport," he said, "they were welcomed with a standing ovation from passengers. People would approach to touch them and shake their hand."
During the cocktail hour, a charming Kentuckian named Tonnia was serving hors d'oeuvres with a big smile on her face. "What do you think about this group of men?" I asked. "I feel special just being here," she responded.
Clay Smith expressed similar sentiments. He was one of the bus drivers hired to transport the recipients during the week's events. I had seen him earlier in the day holding the door to the entrance of Churchill Downs with one hand, while playing "My Old Kentucky Home," on a harmonica, with the other. Being a die-hard Kentuckian, I gave him thumbs up for his performance.
He explained how the harmonica was a gift given to him by Sgt. Sammy Davis. When he opened the box I could see it was engraved with Sgt. Davis' favorite saying, "You don't lose until you quit trying."
"I cried for over an hour after receiving such a gift," Mr. Smith said. "I have driven this bus for over 30 years," he continued, "but this has been the biggest honor I have ever had in my whole life."
Tags: 2011 Medal of Honor Convention, Abraham Lincoln, Army Rangers, Churchill Downs, Col. Don Ballard, Col. Harvey Barnum, Col. James Fleming, Col. Jim Coy, Col. Walter Marm, Congressional Medal of Honor Society, Dakota Meyer, Don Jenkins, Dwight Eisenhower, Funny Cide, Ganjgal, John Baca, Marine Silent Drill Team, Millionaires Roll, Richard Etchberger, Robert Maxwell, Sgt. Allan Kellogg, Sgt. Gary Litrell, Sgt. Sammy Davis, special forces
An American Knight Review
September 29, 2010 in Col. John Ripley | Permalink
Ideals To Aspire To
Reviewed by: R.Adm. William A. Heine, USNR (ret) and Colonel Michael D. Wyly USMC (Ret.) Both men were classmates of Colonel John Ripley, Class of 1962, U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis.
A lone U.S. Marine hand-walked, gripping the girders underneath the bridge over the Cua Viet River in the midst of a fire fight, on Easter Sunday, 1972. South of the bridge, a beleaguered battalion of fewer than 700 South Vietnamese Marines was the last ditch defense of the town of Dong Ha. North of the bridge, a column of 200 Soviet-built tanks and 30,000 North Vietnamese soldiers moved south. The bridge was their destination and their means of rapidly reinforcing the communist forces already in the Republic of Vietnam. As advisor to the South Vietnamese battalion, Captain John W. Ripley, received the order to destroy the bridge. He did so, singlehandedly. It would take him three hours hand-walking out with the explosives and back again for more. At one point he passed out from fatigue on a girder, only to be awakened when a round from the main gun of an enemy tank slammed into the bridge and jolted him awake. " 'The idea that I would be able to even finish the job before the enemy got me was ludicrous," 'Captain Ripley is quoted. 'When you know you're not going to make it, a wonderful thing happens: You stop being cluttered by the feeling that you're going to survive.'"
The captain would retire from the Corps as a full colonel in 1992. The writers of this review have known him since we were all 18-year-old plebes reporting to the U.S. Naval Academy in the Class of 1962. "Rip" as we called him died of an apparent heart attack in October 2008 and we each had conversation with him within a week of his death, knew him in the course of our own military careers, knew he was the hero who singlehandedly destroyed the bridge, but did not know how much a hero, had never heard Rip's words quoted above, until we read Norman Fulkerson's An American Knight. If you understand the title, you do not need to read the book. But read it anyway. It is an uplifting story.
John W. Ripley with his wife Moline, after receiving the Navy Cross during the evening Parade at the Marine Corps Barracks in Washington D.C.
From Fulkerson we also learn that when asked to sign a contract for a possible movie about his actions, Rip imposed two conditions. Whoever portrayed him would not use profanity and would not be unfaithful to his wife. When it came to being an officer of Marines, Rip epitomized what this means in a way Hollywood might never understand. Simply put, Rip was a gentleman. Hollywood images of tough guys swearing and womanizing may attract throngs of ticket-buyers seeking an evening's entertainment, but they fail to capture what service to one's country and courage under fire really are. John captured them both, true to life.
Fulkerson's writing style is without pretense. One editor described the book as "an easy read." It follows the chronology of Colonel Ripley's life in sequence. No flashbacks or fast forwards. We meet his parents and the small town Radford, Virginia, where he grew up. We meet his bride to be and learn of his courtship and marriage. But without the author having to tell us, we sense where the story is taking us, that when Rip is called upon, he will do his duty, no matter the odds.
And so it was with we who knew him. When we were all teenage midshipman Rip's future had an inevitability about it. That he would be a Marine officer was a certainty. On this, he was thoroughly focused. Likewise, that he would stay in uniform for a full 30 years. That his specialty would be infantry. Our images of military life were formed in World War II. "Marine" meant hitting the beach in a landing craft with a drop-ramp bow and charging on foot against the enemy. That we would one day go to war to fight for our freedom seemed equally certain. Rip wanted to do that because he believed in what the country stood for. Add all this together and you knew Rip would be called upon to do his duty, to exercise immense courage under fire, and that he would rise to the occasion, never flinching. And with that ever-present broad smile on his face.
1967 Vietnam photo of then Captain John Ripley studying a map with his trademark smile.
Rip had two tours of duty in Vietnam, the first as an infantry company commander. Here we read of his forbidding his Marines to shoot a pig because "it belongs to a farmer who needs to sustain a family." And the same humanitarian thread continues as the bridge at Dong Ha finally blows into "massive chunks of concrete and steel spiraling through the air" while Rip holds in his arms a Vietnamese child whom he rescued from the impact area just in time.
Rip's story does not end when the bridge blows up. As a colonel he is assigned back to his Alma Mater at Annapolis. There, he sets an example to the young midshipmen in his charge, guides and mentors them, earning respect and love above and beyond anything we remember witnessing or hearing about in our own careers. His calm manner, his inner toughness, and his ready smile –all life-long traits– made it a morale boost just to be in the same room with him.
Norman Fulkerson first met Colonel Ripley in 1993 when the Colonel delivered a speech for the launching of the book Nobility and Analagous Traditional Elites in the Allocutions of Pius XII at The Mayflower Hotel, Washington, D.C. In the ensuing years he kept in touch, personally, and read articles and books recounting the Colonel's actions at Dong Ha, Vietnam, in 1972. He met Marines who had served with Colonel Ripley. The more the author learned of "Colonel Ripley the man," the more he found himself thinking what a model citizen and model officer the colonel was. Finally, in 2007, a year before Colonel Ripley died unexpectedly, Mr. Fulkerson began to conceptualize a book about the Colonel's life. The material in An American Knight is drawn from a combination of conversations with Colonel Ripley; meetings and interviews with Marines and family members: several books and articles that have documented the Colonel's courage in Vietnam, and the content of Colonel Ripley's speeches that the author had attended over the years.
An American Knight is more than sound military history. It is the story of a life led without pretense or affectation, an example of doing one's duty selflessly, and, in this way is a story the youth of our country are starved for. Adults should read it for inspiration of how to rear their children and our children should read it to learn that great things can be done by people who come from the simplest beginnings, that bravado is not a requirement, that honor is sacred, and that modesty and courtesy are the keys to respectability. We should hope our grandchildren will put the book down and reflect, "Maybe I could do that" and know, when they too are called upon to act in some unforeseeable situation, "there was one who went before me and rose to the occasion. I can too."
R. Adm. William A. Heine, USNR (ret.) is an Annapolis classmate of John Ripley who served 38 years in the Navy. The bridge that John Ripley destroyed at Dong Ha was built in 1969 by a Seabee Battalion NMCB-62. Admiral Heine served as an Operations Officer of the Battalion just prior to its construction and was familiar with various aspects of the project.
Colonel Michael D. Wyly, USMC (ret.) served two tours and distinguished himself as an outstanding Marine infantry officer in Vietnam. His early life and military career is chronicled in Robert Coram's book "Boyd".
Tags: An American Knight, Analagous Traditional Elites, Army Rangers, British Royal Marines, catholic soldier, Col. John Ripley, Col. Michael Wyly, Dong Ha Bridge, Heroism, Marine Corps, Military, Moline Ripley, Navy Cross, Nobility, RAdm Bill Heine, Vietnam
"Readily will I display the intestinal fortitude…
August 29, 2010 in Army | 1 comment
SSG Austin McCall earned the Bronze Star with Valor and a Purple Heart while serving as an Army Ranger in Afghanistan.
Staff Sergeant Austin McCall says he was inspired to join the Army, like many heroic young Americans these days, because of the events of September 11. He went on to become a Ranger and on January 5, 2010 he earned the Bronze Star while leading his squad to a compound in Eastern Afghanistan. They had received intelligence that it was a "guest house" for a suicide bomber. When he arrived at this compound he was met by an enemy combatant holding two grenades. It was a make or break moment and Sergeant McCall lived up to the challenge.
He was able to shoot the terrorist, but not before the latter launched one of his grenades in the McCall's direction. What happened next could be measured in milliseconds. The first grenade hit McCall in the chest, landed at his feet, but miraculously did not explode. Instinctively he turned his head towards the rest of the Rangers in his unit and yelled "grenade" as the second one, lying on the enemies chest, exploded.
Flying shrapnel might have killed Sergeant Mcall, had he not turned his head. Although his life was spared, one large piece of medal tore through his cheek and took out two teeth on its exit. With the commotion caused by the grenade other terrorists entered the fray.
In spite of his injuries, McCall maintained his calm and continued to heroically lead his squad. They eventually overcame the enemy and secured the compound. When the dust settled Sergeant McCall was covered in blood from his facial injuries and was forced to endure the pain, without medication, for another half hour before he could be evacuated.
There are two things which make this man worthy of admiration.
The Bronze Star it is the fourth-highest combat award of the U.S. Armed Forces
First of all, he was quick to deflect the praise he earned for his actions. "(As Rangers) that's just what we do," he said. "We go to where the fight is. We are there to engage and take care of the bad guys. That's the way we are. We are all Rangers – the best gun fighters in the world."
The second thing which makes this warrior worthy of our respect is his willingness to get back into the fight. He was quoted he in an article saying he "looks forward to doing it all over again." This was not just tough talk either. A month after his brush with death and a most painful injury Sergeant McCall is back in the fight with a scar across the face to prove that it really is "hard to keep a good man down."
"Readily will I display the intestinal fortitude required to fight on to the Ranger objective and complete the mission though I be the lone survivor." Last stanza of the Army Ranger creed.
Tags: Afghanistan, Army Rangers, Bronze Star, Schrapnel, SSG Austin McCall
A Story of Exceptional Valor and Faith
October 14, 2009 in Col. John Ripley, Tradition, Family and Property | 1 comment
Colonel Ripley with members of TFP Student Action.
by Cesar Franco
An old adage states that you only meet two great people in a lifetime. After visiting Col. John W. Ripley, I can say I met my first one.
As Col. Ripley politely invited my colleagues from Tradition, Family and Property Student Action and me into his office on October 31, I felt tremendously honored to meet one of America's greatest living war heroes — a man who served on active duty for thirty five years in the U.S. Marine Corps.
Before serving two tours in Vietnam, he completed scuba, Ranger, airborne and jump master training. He was also an Exchange Officer to the British Royal Marines, during which time he participated in a Northern Malaysian campaign with the famous Gurkha Rifles.
One Marine Cripples North Vietnamese Invasion
Diorama depicting Colonel John Ripley's exploits in Dong Ha. It is located in Bancroft Hall at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland.
Col. Ripley is most famous for blowing up the bridge at Dong Ha in Vietnam. He accomplished this act of epic heroism after three days of intense combat, without any food or sleep. A few sips of water from his canteen provided his only sustenance. This superhuman feat crippled the 1972 North Vietnamese Easter invasion which ended in defeat. Thus, the government honored Col. Ripley's leadership, heroism and self-sacrifice at Dong Ha with a Navy Cross, America's second highest military decoration.
Members of the American Society for the Defense of Tradition Family and Property (TFP) present Colonel John Ripley with a rosary. "This rosary will not collect dust," said Colonel Ripley in response to this gift.
Col. Ripley is also a man of faith. He attributes the destruction of the Dong Ha bridge to the grace of God and the Blessed Virgin Mary. He related how he felt all physical strength evaporate while placing explosives under the bridge. To continue, he composed a simple rhyming prayer: "Jesus, Mary, get me there… Jesus, Mary, get me there…" He repeatedly said this prayer on the bridge and a supernatural assistance came to his aid at a much-needed time. He stated: "This aid was tangible. It was all-consuming." His mission would have been impossible without it.
After this operation, Colonel Ripley's mission was far from over. Unlike Hollywood movies, in which a bridge blows up and everyone lives happily ever after, the North Vietnamese found an alternate route. During the next days of fighting, Life Magazine published a famous picture of Colonel Ripley running as a mortar round blows up nearby. He showed us this amazing photograph during our meeting and many other war relics.
Chivalrous Behavior for a Fallen Soldier
Pointing to his picture, he recounted its exciting story. As the enemy approached within yards, he loaded the dead bodies of five news correspondents into an armored personnel carrier, putting himself in harm's way. Then the armored personnel carrier left without him.
He was stranded with the limp, lifeless body of his radio man. As the enemy drew closer, he refused to run for cover. Like the knights of old, he preferred to die rather then abandon his fellow soldier's body. He would not leave his radio man behind even though he was in clear view of the advancing enemy.
He picked up the body of his radio man and walked away very slowly, expecting a bullet to hit him at any moment. Suddenly, some South Vietnamese bodyguards or "cowboys," as he called them, popped up over a ledge about 100 meters away and addressed him by his Vietnamese nickname, which meant "Captain Crazy." They told him to duck while they sprayed cover fire allowing him to make a desperate 100-meter dash for safety. Smiling, Colonel Ripley recalled how he ran those 100 meters in 3 seconds!
The Four Bullets
TFP member holds the three bullets that nearly took the life of Colonel Ripley. The fourth one he found on the Island of Iwo Jima.
While showing us some of his war relics, he pulled something out of his pocket. It was a brass-colored safety pin that connected four bullets. Grinning, he said: "I am personally acquainted with three of these." One bullet pierced through the deck of the chopper in which he was flying and struck a magazine clip on his ammo belt, barely stopping its entry into his abdomen!
"When I'm having a bad day," he said, "I pull these out of my pocket and say to myself, no, it's not that bad… I'm not having such a bad day."
He also showed us a neatly arranged collection of stamps he had acquired from a captured North Vietnamese postal worker.
What Is True Leadership?
The most interesting part of our meeting was when Colonel Ripley explained the essence of a true leader is one who sets the example and shows his troops how to act, rather than tell them what to do from a desk and ask them to report back. Colonel Ripley is one such leader. He never shied away from action, but always preferred to be on the front lines with his men.
In addition to being deadly on the battlefield, this tough marine is also lethal in the realm of ideas. After hearing about
TFP member John Miller debates the Traditional Marriage issue with a student at Mount San Antonio College in Walnut California.
the TFP Student Action debates on university campuses, he described the wonderful time he had appearing on Crossfire to debate a female Air Force general defending the need for women in the military. She could not stand up against the bulletproof logic of Colonel Ripley's real life combat experience.
Tribute, Respect and Admiration
Colonel Ripley deserves our tribute, respect and admiration.
He taught us that to be a true leader one must have faith in God and Our Lady. He explained how being a leader means setting the example. Moreover, his heroic actions at Dong Ha speak even louder than his words.
It was truly an honor and privilege to meet this model soldier, a man with profound zeal for the Catholic Church and high ideals for which he is willing to give his life. My TFP colleagues and I will never forget him.
Tags: Air Force, American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Army Rangers, British Royal Marines, Colonel J, Colonel John W. Ripley, Crossfire, Dong Ha Bridge, Family and Property, Gurkha Rifles, iwo jima, Life Magazine, TFP, TFP Student Action, Traditional Marriage


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Material Evidence in Incunabula (MEI)
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15cILLUSTRATION
Printing Revolution Exhibition
Home › The Project
The 15cBOOKTRADE Project (ERC 2014-2019) is now completed, but research continues
Books printed between 1450 (the year of Gutenberg's invention of modern printing) and 1500 (conventional cut-off date in scholarship) are known as incunabula. Some 30,000 editions are known today, in some 450,000 surviving copies, located in about 4,000 different public libraries, mostly in Europe and North America.
Each surviving copy has a different history, which can be reconstructed with the help of physical evidence (ownership inscriptions, decoration, binding, coats of arms, manuscript annotations, stamps, prices, etc.) and bibliographical evidence (historic library catalogues, bookseller and auction catalogues, acquisition registers, etc.): all this is known as copy-specific information, or provenance, or material evidence, or post-production evidence.
The idea that underpins the 15cBOOKTRADE Project is to use the material evidence from these thousands of surviving books, as well as unique documentary evidence — the unpublished ledger of a Venetian bookseller in the 1480s which records the sale of 25,000 printed books with their prices — to address five fundamental questions relating to the introduction of printing in the West which have so far eluded scholarship, partly because of lack of evidence, partly because of the lack of effective tools to deal with existing evidence.
These five questions are:
1. Distribution, Use, and Reading Practices
The book trade differs from other trades operating in the medieval and early modern periods in that the goods traded survive in considerable numbers. Not only do they survive, but many of them bear stratified evidence of their history in the form of marks of ownership, prices, manuscript annotations, binding and decoration styles. The database Material Evidence in Incunabula (MEI), conceived by Cristina Dondi, developed by Alex Jahnke of Data Conversion Group, hosted and maintained by CERL (Consortium of European Research Libraries), gathers together this kind of evidence for thousands of surviving 15th-century printed books. For the first time, this makes it possible to track the circulation of books, their trade routes, national and international, and later collecting, across Europe and the USA, and throughout the centuries.
Former owners are identified as private or institutional, religious or lay, female or male, and by profession. Marginal manuscript annotations are quantified: occasional, a few, several, extensive – localised: in the first part of the book, throughout – and qualified: corrections, completions, supplements, extraction of key words, collation, translation, structuring the text, comments, censorship, reading marks, that is underlining and pointing hands, drawings, corrections/notes by the printer, lecture notes.
The Project is enabling a significant expansion and enhancement of the database MEI, by creating high quality descriptions of incunabula collections, book in hand, at the British Library and in Venice libraries, and by harvesting thousands of records presently scattered in hundreds of different libraries' catalogues.
2. The books' contemporary market value
Groundbreaking new evidence for the history of the book trade in the 15th century is coming from the in-depth study of the manuscript Zornale or day-book of Francesco de Madiis (Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, MS Ital. XI, 45 (7439)). It records the daily activity and sales of a Venetian bookshop from May 1484 to January 1488, as well as the inventory of the stock-in-trade for just over one year, to June 1485. In this period 11,100 entries with their prices are registered, involving 6,950 sales, sometimes gifts or barters, and over 25,000 copies. For its scale, for its detail, and for its importance as a fly-on-the-wall documentary of what happened in a Renaissance Venetian bookshop, the Zornale is unique. The detailed study of this exceptional document will finally bring to the attention of scholarship the economic aspects related to the introduction of printing in the West.
Cristina Dondi and Neil Harris, Professor of of Bibliography and Library Studies, University of Udine, are working at a transcription of the original document with an accompanying critical apparatus.
3. The transmission and dissemination of the texts incunabula contain
The Project has created the new database Text-inc, to research the corpus of all texts printed in the 15th century, modelled on the Bodleian's Catalogue of Incunabula (Bod-inc).
Also, it is enabling the enhancement of the Incunabula Short Title Catalogue (ISTC) with the introduction of new research coordinates: lay/religious and subject categories applied to titles, time periods (Classical, Medieval, Humanist, Contemporary) applied to authors and anonymous works, a counter of copies.
4. The circulation and re-use of the illustrations
The Project is experimenting with the application to 15th-century illustration of image-matching software recently devised by the Department of Engineering Science at Oxford to detect the re-use and copying of 17th-century English Ballads held in the Bodleian Library.
Matilde Malaspina in Oxford works on capturing Venetian illustration, producing metadata, and testing an application which, if successful as hoped, could be extended to all 15th-century illustration.
5. Visualization
The objective behind MEI has always been the visualization of the circulation of books and of the texts they contain, throughout Europe, and beyond.
Prof. Min Chen and Dr Simon Walton, of the Oxford e-Research department, are applying scientific visualisation techniques to MEI data, to represent, geographically and chronologically, the movement of 15th-century printed books and of the texts they contain.
Questions we will be able to address with the tools developed by the Project
What books were printed in Venice and exported, purchased, and used in Germany or Poland in the 15th century? Or printed in Nuremberg and used in Italy in the 16th century? — What kinds of books? And used by whom? How? — How much did early printed books cost? — Were there any female readers? And what kinds of books were purchased by students, lawyers or priests, in the 15th, 16th or later centuries, in Italy, France or anywhere else? — Which mathematical editions were acquired by religious institutions? Who was buying Ptolemy in the Renaissance? Who was collecting it in the 18th century? — Can we quantify the amount of 15th-century printed books that entered European and American collections as a direct consequence of the dissolution of religious institutions and their libraries in the 18th and 19th century? — How many times did Petrarch or Boccaccio appear in print in the 15th century? — What was the percentage of classical, medieval or contemporary texts being published in the first fifty years of printing? — Which works survive today in the largest number of copies? And in the smallest? — Who selected, edited and contributed to the production of a 15th-century edition? — Can we establish the transmission in print of the body of texts that have come down to us via the new medium? — Indeed, how many works were printed in the 15th century (or at least survive today) in single or multiple editions? How many editions contain illustration? Do we have benchmarks that can help us gauge the quality and the quantity of what we have lost over a 500-year period?
What all these questions have in common is that they are highly relevant to our understanding of the impact of the invention of printing on early-modern society, and that we cannot answer a single one of them.


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W.I.R.E.D. for Success: Meeting the Unknown With Confidence
by Lisa Beth Lentini Walker
in Well-Being
Mindset is the number one determinant of outcomes, particularly when faced with the unknown. As human beings, we are faced with uncertainty every day, but we try to provide ourselves with a sense of control by setting up activities that provide predictability and where we try to convince ourselves that we are having an impact.
To help deal with the unknown and uncertainty in a productive way, you should get yourself W.I.R.E.D. for success in the face of an unpredictable future.
Worst: For those who are wired to be anxious, "defensive pessimism" is a technique to help reduce anxiety around uncertainty. In defensive pessimism, a person envisions the absolute worst that can happen and then prepares for that, thereby improving their performance and outcomes. If this technique works for you, it has been shown to have many positive benefits in reducing anxiety and depression and those who are prone to defensive pessimism do not generally perform worse than others.
Investigate: All of the possible fantastic outcomes should be explored by taking a glass half full approach. If you can't come up with possible good outcomes on your own, lean on someone you know who is an optimist. By opening yourself to outcomes outside of a linear path, you may be able to identify other opportunities and gain enthusiasm.
Repeat: Repeat the area that you are concerned about and de-sensitize yourself to talking about it. If you have ever watched Harry Potter, the evil character of Voldemort is so intimidating that most of the characters refer to him as "He Who Shall Not Be Named" instead of using the name Voldemort. There is power in mystery, so demystify by repeating the concerns and adjusting to your fears.
Expectations: Set your goals not on outcomes but on setting plans to follow. There may be surprising opportunities that would be missed if you don't open yourself up to possibilities. Focus on what you can do, rather than what is out of your control. If your efforts are focused on the experience rather than an emotional attachment to a set outcome, you are more likely to enjoy the process and journey
De-stress: There are many techniques available to help individuals reduce stress-levels. These can include mindfulness-based stress reduction, meditation, exercise, finding community based activities that fuel a sense of belonging, singing, reading or any of a number of techniques can help you to find your balance when it feels like an uncertain future has you concerned. Find the technique that calls most to you and when you start to feel anxiety or concern, find ways to release endorphins and contextualize the stressors.
Ultimately, keeping perspective and not letting emotions run away are important to being productive, happy and healthy in the face of the unknown.
This content was originally published at thriveglobal.com.
The Biden Administration's New Attack on Corruption: What Businesses Need to Know
Thriving in Our Stressful Profession
Lisa Beth Lentini Walker
Lisa Beth Lentini Walker, who began contributing to CCI in 2022 as Well-Being Editor, is the CEO of Lumen Worldwide Endeavors, a firm specializing in compliance, governance and ethics consulting. She is a National Board Certified Health & Wellness Coach (NBC-HWC) and a certified meditation and mindfulness specialist. She also is an adjunct professor of law in the U.S. and EU. Lisa Beth has led award-winning legal and compliance departments within large public corporations and privately held enterprises. She does this by strategically aligning resources to create efficiencies and advising the board of directors to further strategic initiatives while mitigating risks in all aspects of the domestic and global operations. She has held corporate secretarial, legal, compliance, ethics, governance and risk positions as an attorney at a Fortune 50 corporation, as the compliance leader of a global travel company operating in 150 countries and as the corporate secretary, chief compliance officer and co-chair of the risk council at a NYSE-listed corporation. Lisa Beth also served with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, D.C., in the Divisions of Corporation Finance and Enforcement. Lisa Beth is a member of the Minnesota, New Jersey, New York and District of Columbia bars. She delights in the art of possibility. In her free time, she is an advisory board member to a women's fashion startup, Alice Riot, she serves on the board of Stages Theatre (a children's theatre) in Hopkins, Minnesota, and is a member of the Board of Directors of the Society of Corporate Compliance and Ethics and the Healthcare Compliance Association (SCCE/HCCA). Lisa Beth co-authored the book, "Raise Your Game, Not Your Voice: How Listening, Communicating and Storytelling Shape Compliance Program Influence" in 2021.
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