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12 Things To Do In Singapore - 2020 Updated
May 24, 2020 • TravelOpel Admin • 12 Things To Do In Singapore • Things To Do In Singapore • what to do in Singapore
Singapore without a doubt is the most developed and urbanized country in Asia, if not in the entire world! I am sure you will feel that way, too, when you discover this unique country-city
Singapore at Night
It may be the most expensive city in the world, but Singapore has racked up plenty of other superlatives: cleanest, best planned, and, quite possible, most entertaining. The Lion City is home to the world's largest rooftop infinity pool, the world's first safari park for nocturnal animals, centuries-old temples, and, of course, some of the best food in the world. Here is my list of 15 things to in Singapore
12 Things Must Do In Singapore
1. Hit the Beach
Are you tired of sightseeing and just want to relax on a beach?
Palawan Beach, Singapore
There, you can kick back and relax on the beach. There are actually 3 beaches to choose from here, depending on what you're looking for. Siloso beach is where you'll want to go for activities, Tanjong beach is a great spot to chill and enjoy a drink, and Palawan beach is where you'll go if you're traveling with kids. While you won't be getting the beach experience you'd find in Thailand (there are tons of cargo ships in the water here!) it's still a great place to escape for a day and soak up some rays.
Fact: Do you know about this? Sentosa Island and this beach are artificial in Singapore
2. Visit the National Museum of Singapore
While admission to the museum isn't free, they do offer daily free tours which really makes a visit here worthwhile.
National Museum of Singapore, Singapore
This is the oldest museum in the country, having opened in 1849. The museum covers the history of the country, making it a great place to learn more about the country and how it came to be
3. Visit Gardens By The Bay
Gardens by the Bay is a 250-acre nature park built on reclaimed land. It's famous for its massive supertrees, 25-50m-tall vertical gardens that look like massive trees.
Gardens by the Bay at night, Singapore
The supertrees are home to all sorts of exotic plants and ferns and make for a stunning sight. While you have to pay to explore the conservatories, admission to the supertree garden is free.
4. Enjoy Orchid At National Orchid Garden
National Orchid Garden is located within Singapore Botanic Gardens. It sprawls across three hectares on the botanical garden's highest hill.
Entrance to the national orchid garden, Singapore
I also recommend you visit the National Orchid Garden Singapore for $5. Unless you are some kind of orchid expert, you will discover a gazillion new types of orchids (600 species!) which offer a sweet combination of visual beauty and matching fragrance!
Singapore gardens national orchid garden
The garden's landscaped slopes display more than 1,000 orchid species and 2,000 hybrids. This gorgeous garden is divided into four zones that follow the four seasons with a distinct color theme for each zone
5. Buy Cheap Electronics
Going shopping is really one of those fun activities in Singapore and a good thing to do on a day with bad weather! I think Sim Lim Shopping Center would be the best choice for your Singapore travel, as it is in the city center and it has 6-7 stores containing all the electronics you can think of!
Bayfront Avenue, Marina Bay Sands Singapore
6. Walk Above A Real Jungle At Macritchie Treetop Walk
Are you wondering which are the best Singapore sightseeing places? The MacRitchie Treetop Walk is located in MacRitchie Reservoir and it features a beautiful 250m long bridge, 25m above the jungle! The bridge is not that long, but getting there requires you to hike to the reservoir, then go to the Treetop Walk using the MacRitchie Nature Trail or the Venus Drive.
Hiking trail around McRitchie reservoir Singapore
The MacRitchie Trails cover over 11km of pathways around the largest reservoir in the country. It's a place where the locals head for a run or a hike, and it's a great place to get out and stretch your legs if you need to escape the city. Part of the trail includes a 250m aerial suspension bridge, which offers some nice views of the surrounding area. You can rent kayaks and canoes there, as well, and if you're lucky you might spot one of the rare flying lemurs that call the park home!
7. Spend a Day In Sentosa (Or half day)
Sentosa Island is dubbed as "Asia's Favorite Playground". It is located 15 minutes away from the city center and features exciting attractions that make it a wonderful island resort for rest and recreation.
The view from the cable car whilst visiting Sentosa for a morning. People can zip wire over to that little 'island' and then walk back across the walkway. Fun!
The island served as a fortress in the 19th century and became a military base after the Second World War. These days, Fort Siloso still stands as a military museum that displays old guns and war memorabilia.
A sunny day at Palawan Beach, Sentosa, Singapore
Some locals describe the today Sentosa Island as Las Vegas in a forest on the beach. This is an apt description given Sentosa's choices of fun-filled attractions like casinos, forest adventures, and beach resorts.
8. Visit And Enjoy Cuisine In Chinatown
Singapore's Chinatown is a delightful mix of old and new in the city's central area.
Chinatown, Singapore
It is a gold mine of Chinese heritage and culture with its old temples, historic shophouses, and traditional wet markets. Family-run stores and teahouses can also be found here, giving visitors a glimpse of the old Chinatown.
In contrast, boutique hotels, chic restaurants, and hip bars also exist and lend a modern touch to this fascinating town.
9. Flower Dome
The Flower Dome is another great place to add on your list! This is your chance to step in the largest glass greenhouse in the world and see the multitude of flowers and plants from the Mediterranean and semi-arid regions.
Broken but beautiful, Flower Dome, Singapore
This is the land of a utopian paradise! In the Flower Dome, you'll walk through nine gardens, each showcasing exotic plants from all over the globe. The Flower Field changes the display to reflect different seasons, festivals, and themes.
Admission time: Open from 9.00 am to 9.00 pm daily, with last entrance at 8.00 pm
10. Have A City View From Sands Skypark
A trip to Singapore is not complete without visiting the Marina Bay Sands SkyPark.
An exceptionally clear day in Singapore, shot from Marina Bay Sands Skypark
The Sands SkyPark Observation Deck is a popular tourist attraction that overlooks Singapore from the top of the iconic Marina Bay Sands.
The wood-floored viewing area is located at the "stern" of the ship-shaped SkyPark and can hold up to 900 guests.
The observation deck offers a spectacular 360-degree view of Singapore with guided tours conducted daily on a first-come, first-served basis, nothing can beat the bird's eye view of the Wonder Full light show when enjoying it at the Sands SkyPark
11. Clubbing At Clarke Quay
Clarke Quay has also become one of Singapore's food, drink, and entertainment hubs - the whole area has been converted into an open-air pedestrian precinct filled with restaurants, bars, and clubs.
Clarke Quay, Singapore
This historical riverfront district was named after Singapore's 2nd Governor, Sir Andrew Clarke. The quay was home to warehouses that stored commercial goods transported from the nearby Boat Quay.
Today, the old warehouses have been converted into blocks of bars and restaurants that attract partygoers to this side of Singapore.
12. Stargazing
Science Centre Singapore offers free stargazing every Friday (weather permitting) between January and November.
This is a really cool activity and makes for a great educational experience for adults and children alike. Just keep in mind that there is limited space, so be sure to arrive by 7:30 pm to claim a spot
Singapore may not be the cheapest city in the world, but there are still some ways to make it less of a burden on your wallet. By eating cheap, walking, and taking advantage of discounts, you can easily do Singapore without busting your wallet!
Do you have any tips on how to visit Singapore on a budget? Leave them in the comments!
Janny on July 9, 2020
A helpful guide, thank you
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Have you ever had the feeling of running to the park just to go down the slides?
Have you ever secretly wanted to buy every kind of candy offered at the local candy store?
Have you ever wanted to run through sprinklers on a hot summer day?
Have you ever thought about where this abrupt childishness came from?
Somewhere inside or were you provoked?
Maybe inside the magazine you'll find something that will awaken your childish self.
NWP (newwebpick.com), founded in 2001, is become one of the most reputable global community platform for the creative industry. It is difficult today to seek out creative and innovative designs, for there are simply too many designers and portfolios out there in the world. With the internet, it has become easier than ever to showcase one's work and to proclaim as a designer. As one of the most professional community for the creative industry, it is our mission to seek, to show and to recommend all most excellent creative designers globally. In addition, we also provide a platform for creative professionals, who are willing to show their creative works, to share their inspiration and originality, and to welcome any constructive comments from other professionals from all over the world.
Newwebpick e-magazine, our first issue coming out in 2004, generated 1.8 million readers downloaded within a month. Today, our e-magazine becomes the world most distributed e-magazine for the creative industry. Every single edition attracted more than 4 million readers (independent IP) downloaded from 159 countries, mainly in N America, Europe, South America, China, South East Asia, Japan, Korea, Middle East and Africa.


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Noël Renucci, né le  à Marseille et mort dans cette même ville le , est une figure du grand banditisme français et du milieu marseillais.

Il est le frère des maffieux Joseph, dit "Jo" (1908-1958), et Félix Renucci (1894-1957). Ensemble, ils forment le clan Renucci.

S'infiltrant au sein des sphères politiques dans les années 1930, il est chargé du service d'ordre de la SFIO avant de devenir un proche du député Fernand Bouisson. Usant de la violence, il abat le  le militant communiste Rodolphe Carini lors d'un meeting.

À partir de 1943, il rejoint la Résistance française comme son frère Jo. En 1947, il est impliqué, encore une fois avec son frère et aux côtés des Guérini, dans la collaboration avec la CIA pour briser une grève syndicale qui bloque le port de Marseille.

Articles connexes
 Milieu marseillais - Milieu en France

Références

Résistant corse
Milieu marseillais
Naissance en décembre 1902
Naissance à Marseille
Décès en septembre 1960
Décès à Marseille
Décès à 57 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Accessibility and I are still eyeing each other in a wary truce.
I'm at the point where I wear my hearing aids every day, pretty much all day, doing just about everything. I'm at the point, in fact, that when I step outside without them, things sound wrong. Muffled. Muted. Dead. As if I were deaf. I'm still in the process of grudgingly accepting that sort of thing.
Assistance and I are still eyeing each other in a wary truce. I think my hearing aids are remarkable, and I know they augment my communication abilities significantly, but still feel weird about having them. Part of me wishes I could just use the "try harder" technique to get the same effects, even if I know (from 20+ years of experience now) how poorly that works. Part of me is grateful to Voc Rehab for paying for them; part of me wishes I had been able to afford them on my own. Part of me knows it's still my mind and my determination and my intelligence doing all the work; part of me still feels like having hearing aids is "cheating," not quite doing it on my own.
If hearing aids still feel a little weird, CART feels even weirder, because the Assistive Services there involve another person. Generally speaking, CART has been working well for R class (obviously) and also for Design (you have no idea how wonderful it feels to follow a large group discussion, even somewhat lossily and with a lag), but it's less optimal for Hearing Aids II; the constant flood of technical terminology comes out garbled. Since it's a straight-up lecture, if I get the professor, I get everything. Dr. Alexander's pretty good about making sure I can lipread him, and I won't need to explain an FM unit to him -- in fact, he's one of the people who recommended that specific technology to me -- so I'll bring my remote mic to class next Wednesday and see if my hearing aids themselves can help a bit more.
Robin also suggested that I ask for accessibility-fu during our department's weekly seminar, which I routinely attend and then zone out for, since I often barely understand what's being said. That is something that hadn't occurred to me before ("but... it's not a class!"). And I know I should; this seminar is how my classmates are learning about the cutting-edge research in our field, the stuff that isn't even published yet. But I'm already doing so much, asking for so much -- or at least I feel like I am. Half the DRC (disability resource center) knows me by now; I get the feeling I'm one of their resident overachievers, and it's got to be tough to keep up with me. (My hearing classmates often say they get tired just watching me work.) If I do more, and I ask for accessibility help with what I do, I'm also asking for more resources than the average person, and that... seems selfish and unfair.
For some reason, I do not -- can not -- yet bring myself to trust in the abundance of this system.
I have been thinking about learning more ASL so I can use interpreters as well; they're easier to find and far more numerous than CART providers, though I suspect I'll always prefer the latter because written American English is the closest thing I have to a native language. I am embarrassed to ask for an interpreter without being fluent in ASL myself; I feel like such a... poser, a such a fake deaf person, such a hearing person, when I talk to them by voicing, when I read their lips in close-up one-on-one convos and listen to their voices instead of watching their hands.
My ASL abilities are weirdly shaped to the specific environment they were developed in, which was "lone deaf kid in mainstream classroom, already oral." I've mostly had ASL as a translation of a simultaneous audio stream, not as a standalone language in its own right -- and I have rarely had to sign to anyone; I talk. So I usually can't understand just an oral lecture, and I usually can't understand just an ASL interpreter -- but if I see someone using ASL and simultaneously hear the audio for what they're signing, the two incomprehensible information streams somehow click into a single one that makes perfect sense. It's almost as if the ASL gives me enough contextual data to nudge my auditory Markov model past the critical comprehension point.
And I cannot, cannot sign fluidly back; I'm Tarzan-like and grammarless. ME NAME MEL, HARD-OF-HEARING-I. Even if I have started calling myself "deaf" in text and when talking with hearing people, I somehow can't bring myself to tell a signing person that I'm anything other than "hard of hearing" because I'm not engaged in Deaf culture and feel like such an awkward fake saying I'm deaf or Deaf (and yes, the capitalization makes a difference; capital-D indicates an entire rich, gorgeous, wonderful culture that I'm an outsider to). It's similar to why I'll say "I'm Chinese" as a shorthand to non-Chinese people, but will append "-American" when speaking with another Chinese person, because they're more of a real Chinese person than I am; I don't feel like I have the right to use that word.
HOW YOU? FINE THANK-YOU. [frantic scrabbling with hands going backwards in an attempt to indicate I used to have an] INTERPRETER, BUT FORGET SIGN LANGUAGE, SORRY.
Sorry, sorry. I apologize for the inconvenience of my existence. Sorry. ("Stop apologizing for everything!" Sebastian frequently reminds me. "Sorry!" I often reflexively reply.) I work overtime to compensate for my shortcomings, then work double-overtime to try to compensate everyone else for the trouble they take to deal with me -- it's a form of proving-myself, of proving that any trouble you go through to accommodate me will be repaid a hundredfold.
I want to find a good opportunity to learn more ASL, to shore up some of the rudimentary gaps in my knowledge. Something on the order of a week of intensive 1-on-1 (a couple hours a day for 5 days, maybe). I know I don't have the bandwidth to do that this semester, but maybe over the spring? Maybe I can ask my old interpreters if they know anyone who'd be willing to do a bootcamp with someone who hypothetically "should" know the language, and vaguely sort-of does, but functionally doesn't?
And I will keep on wrestling with this, I think, for quite a while. Accessibility scares me, because I know how little of the world actually has it. If I travel to another country, go to a public event, step outside unplanned into the normal world -- none of it's there. Almost always. (If it is, it's by freak accident.) If I had to pick, I would rather have a big, big world I'm free to move around in than a world where everything is easy to access.
And I guess I do have to pick, and have had to pick, every day I step out into the world and decide to make a go of it. And that's what I choose. But my options are changing, so my choices are changing too.


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Israel Raids Palestinian Kindergarten For Refusing Israeli Curriculum
"Israel wants to suppress the Palestinian narrative, especially since the curriculum does not mention the atrocities committed against Palestinians in 1948 and other historical facts that are linked to Palestinian history on this land."
By teleSUR
Israeli forces raided a kindergarten and primary school in occupied East Jerusalem Monday, terrifying children who witnessed the assault and prompting outrage among Palestinians. Police officers barged into Zahwa al-Quds kindergarten and primary school in the neighborhood of Beit Hanina, arresting the school's deputy principal and three
teleSUR English bring you world news with a focus on the people, the common citizen, and stories untold by traditional media. You will only find them at teleSUR.
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A Federal judge declared raid on a family's tomato garden was an "unjustified government intrusion based on nothing more than junk science."
By Justin Gardner
Wichita, KS – In a "huge and significant victory for the Fourth Amendment," the federal 10th Circuit Court of Appeals reinstated a lawsuit brought by a Kansas City couple who endured a SWAT raid over their tomato plants.
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Human rights group, Reprieve say the raid went wrong from the start when US Navy Seals opened fire on a partially blind 70-year-old man.
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Published in partnership with Shadowproof. The family of a father and resident of Chicago, who suffers from traumatic brain injury and paralysis sustained in a drive-by shooting, has sued Immigration and Customs
Kevin Gosztola
Kevin Gosztola is managing editor of Shadowproof Press. He also produces and co-hosts the weekly podcast, "Unauthorized Disclosure."
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(REPORT) — Launched shortly after the inauguration, SEAL Team 6's raid against the Yemeni village of Yakla was immediately labeled a success by officials, and even after growing evidence of a large civilian death toll and most of the village being destroyed in chaos, officials long insisted it would be judged a success when the […]
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Nasser al Sane
Planned for months, it was decided over dinner.
The raid on a village in rural Yemen reportedly aimed to capture or kill one of the world's most dangerous terrorists and deliver a stinging blow to al Qaeda in the Arab Peninsula (AQAP), a militant network the US had been trying to dismantle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Having international experience and a working knowledge of the production process he is able to produce high quality work and able to demonstrate his creative flair well.
As a filmmaker, Roger has displayed a consistent level in the attention to detail and in meeting tight deadlines through multiple clients and companies. The tasks he had to demonstrate these skills and disciplines include long and short form commercial projects in the mediums ranging from documentary films and series' to reality television.
Roger lives and breathes the wonders of cinema, he never hesitates to learn and expand his knowledge of the production process.


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NIAID awards more than $12 million for the development of antiviral therapies
Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Nov 21 2022
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, recently awarded more than $12 million to three institutions for the development of antiviral therapies to treat diseases caused by viruses with pandemic potential. NIAID may award approximately $61.5 million total over five years if all contract options are exercised. The new product development contracts are part of the Antiviral Program for Pandemics (APP), which aims to accelerate the discovery, development and manufacturing of antiviral medicines.
Antivirals are treatments that fight viral infections by acting directly against the virus. Other types of therapies, not the focus of this program, harness the body's immune system to fight infection. The new contracts will support the development of promising antiviral candidates from late-stage preclinical studies through investigational new drug application-enabling activities and clinical testing.
Drug Discovery eBook
Alongside the new product development contracts, NIAID already supports nine Antiviral Drug Discovery (AViDD) Centers for Pathogens of Pandemic Concern. The AViDD Centers conduct research on the early-stage identification and validation of novel viral targets and identification and early-stage characterization of antiviral drug candidates.
The new product development contracts include:
Optimization of Broad-Spectrum Filovirus Inhibitors that Target Viral Glycoprotein
Principal investigator: Terry Bowlin, Ph.D.
Institute: Microbiotix, Inc., Worcester, Massachusetts
Base funding amount: $2,069,416
NIAID contract: 75N93023C00001
Development of a Novel 2-Pyrimidone (SRI-42718) as a Potent Inhibitor of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Disease
Principal investigator: Daniel Streblow, Ph.D.
Institute: Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
Development of an Orally Available Antiviral Drug for Yellow Fever
Principal investigator: Jinhong Chang, M.D., Ph.D.
Institute: Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, Pennsylvania
For more information about the APP, please visit: https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/antivirals.
Posted in: Medical Research News | Disease/Infection News
Tags: Allergy, Antiviral Drug, Chikungunya, Clinical Testing, Drug Discovery, Electron, Fever, Glycoprotein, Health and Human Services, Immune System, Infectious Diseases, Manufacturing, Medical Research, Microbiology, Micrograph, New Drug Application, Pandemic, pH, Preclinical, Research, Virus, Yellow Fever
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Pharmacy / Pharmacology
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In her time at TAFE, she taught and counselled a wide range of people: youth at risk, migrants, indigenous trainees, apprentices, sole parents and unemployed workers of all ages and professions. Her experience with these people is clearly visible in her humane, compassionate writing. She is currently undertaking a Diploma of Professional Writing at NMIT.


Lighting should be simple. Easy and intuitive to interact with, yet versatile enough to give you the freedom to choose. That is what Hubbell Lighting's SpectraSync™ technology is: intuitive, versatile and easy to install.


In light of the uncertainty surrounding the future of environmental policy post Brexit, I do not believe it is time to bring forward a Wildlife Bill that implements your recommendations. The transition to the UK's withdrawal from the EU provides the opportunity to improve environmental regulation, support the implementation of the Environment (Wales) Act 2016 and build on environmental standards. … I intend to use your report and draft Bill as part of the underpinning evidence to inform our way forward on new legislative opportunities to protect wildlife in Wales, following the referendum decision.
In his responses our Chair noted that the project's core aim (to provide clear, coherent legislation and a modern, flexible regulatory framework to govern wildlife management in England and Wales) remains vitally important, and expressed his hope that the Report and draft Bill would help both Governments take stock of the current situation and make further adaptation to reflect future policy choices. He also suggested that a certain amount of rationalisation of the domestic legislation could be achieved without primary legislation.
Copies of all of these letters are available on our website.
Many thanks once again to those of you who have supported this important project over the last few years. The importance of your contribution, either meeting us, writing to us or responding to our consultation, cannot be overstated. We are very grateful to you.


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Brief Genetics Reports| November 01 2005
The Fatty Acid–Binding Protein-2 A54T Polymorphism Is Associated With Renal Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Luis H. Canani;
Luis H. Canani
1Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Clarissa Capp;
Clarissa Capp
2Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Daniel P.K. Ng;
Daniel P.K. Ng
3Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
4Centre for Molecular Epidemiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
5Section on Genetics and Epidemiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts
Serena G.L. Choo;
Serena G.L. Choo
Ana Luiza Maia;
Ana Luiza Maia
Gustavo B. Nabinger;
Gustavo B. Nabinger
Kátia Santos;
Kátia Santos
6Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Daisy Crispim;
Daisy Crispim
Israel Roisemberg;
Israel Roisemberg
Andrzej S. Krolewski;
Andrzej S. Krolewski
Jorge L. Gross
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jorge Luiz Gross, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350-Prédio 12-4° andar 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS–Brazil. E-mail: jorgegross@terra.com.br
Diabetes 2005;54(11):3326–3330
https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.11.3326
Luis H. Canani, Clarissa Capp, Daniel P.K. Ng, Serena G.L. Choo, Ana Luiza Maia, Gustavo B. Nabinger, Kátia Santos, Daisy Crispim, Israel Roisemberg, Andrzej S. Krolewski, Jorge L. Gross; The Fatty Acid–Binding Protein-2 A54T Polymorphism Is Associated With Renal Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 1 November 2005; 54 (11): 3326–3330. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.11.3326
The intestinal fatty–acid binding protein-2 (FABP2) gene codes a protein responsible for the absorption of long-chain fatty acids. To test whether FABP2 is a candidate gene for renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, a functional A54T polymorphism was genotyped in 1,042 Brazilians with type 2 diabetes. Patients were classified as having normoalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion [UAE] <20 μg/min; n = 529), microalbuminuria (UAE 20–199 μg/min; n = 217), or proteinuria (UAE >199 μg/min; n = 160). Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (n = 136) were also included. The prevalence of the TT genotype was higher in patients with renal involvement compared with those with normoalbuminuria (odds ratio [95% CI] 2.4 [1.1–5.4]) following adjustment for type 2 diabetes duration, BMI, hypertension, A1C, and cholesterol levels. The risk was similar considering different stages of renal involvement. In a second independent patient sample (483 type 2 diabetic Caucasians residing in Massachusetts), a significant association was also observed between the TT genotype and proteinuria or ESRD (2.7 [1.0–7.3]; P = 0.048). This study thus provides evidence that FABP2 confers susceptibility to renal disease in type 2 diabetic patients.
Diabetic nephropathy develops in up to 40% of diabetic patients at most, even when high glucose levels are maintained for long periods of time (1). Epidemiological (2) and familial (3,4,5) studies have demonstrated that genetic susceptibility contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The precise genetic model underlying diabetic nephropathy susceptibility is uncertain, but several genes with a minor effect have been associated with diabetic nephropathy (6). Insulin resistance has been implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy (7), and aggregation of components of the metabolic syndrome is associated with a high prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (8). The intestinal fatty acid–binding protein-2 (FABP2) gene codes a protein expressed in enterocytes and is responsible for the absorption of long-chain fatty acids (9). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the FABP2 gene at codon 54 causes an amino acid change (Ala → Thr). This change affects the ability of the protein to bind and transport dietary fatty acids (9). Serum saturated fatty acids might induce endothelial dysfunction (10) and are related to increased cardiovascular mortality (11). We have previously reported increased levels of serum saturated fatty acids in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria (12), as well as a reduction in albumin excretion rate after replacement of red meat (high content of saturated fatty acids) with chicken (low content of saturated fatty acids) in these patients (13). Based on these observations, we hypothesized that genetically predisposed subjects exposed to a diet with a high content of saturated fatty acids might be at high risk for developing renal disease. Therefore, we decided to examine whether FABP2 is a susceptibility gene for renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our study focused particularly on the A54T polymorphism, since this polymorphism results in a functionally altered FABP2 protein.
A total of 1,042 patients with type 2 diabetes were identified from a multicentric study that started recruiting patients in southern Brazil in 2002. That project aimed to study risk factors for chronic complications of diabetes. It included four centers located at general hospitals in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, namely Grupo Hospitalar Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Hospital São Vicente de Paula, Hospital Universitário de Rio Grande, and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. All patients with type 2 diabetes attending the endocrine clinics in these hospitals, as well as the patients receiving dialysis in these institutions, were included. Type 2 diabetes was defined by diagnosis of diabetes after the age of 35 years with no use of insulin during the 1st year after diagnosis. Patients' renal status was categorized according to urinary albumin excretion (UAE; three samples, 6 months apart, without ACE inhibitors or angiotensin type I receptor blockers for at least 1 week) into normoalbuminuria (n = 529), microalbuminuria (n = 217), proteinuria (n = 160) (14), or the presence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD; n = 136).
Patients underwent a standardized evaluation consisting of a questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Weight without shoes and in light outdoor clothes and height were measured, and BMI was calculated. Measurements of waist circumference at the narrowest point as viewed from the front and hip at the widest point were performed, and waist-to-hip ratio was calculated. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive medication. An ophthalmologist performed direct fundoscopy, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy was classified as absent, nonproliferative, or proliferative. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was diagnosed as previously described (8). Briefly, IHD was established in the presence of angina or possible infarct according to the World Health Organization Cardiovascular Questionnaire and/or the presence of resting electrocardiogram abnormalities (Minnesota Code Q and QS patterns [1.1–2, 1.3]; S-T junction [J] and segment depression [4.1–4]; T wave items [5.1–3], and complete left bundle block [7.1]) and/or the presence of perfusion abnormalities (fixed or variable) upon myocardial scintigraphy at rest and after dipyridamole administration. Because the diagnosis of IHD also requires scintigraphy, it was assessed in only 685 patients. The local ethics committees approved the protocol, and all patients signed an informed consent form.
The possible association between A54T and renal involvement was also tested in an independent patient sample consisting of Caucasians with type 2 diabetes residing in Massachusetts. The characteristics of this patient collection have already been previously described in detail (15). Briefly, this is a case-control study where case subjects were patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced renal disease as indicated by the presence of persistent proteinuria or impaired renal function, whereas control subjects were normoalbuminuric despite having type 2 diabetes for >6 years. At the time of this study, DNA was available for 201 control subjects and 282 case subjects; 41% of case subjects had impaired renal function. The Committee on Human Subjects of the Joslin Diabetes Center approved the protocols and informed consent procedures for this study.
Laboratory analysis.
UAE was measured by immunoturbidimetry (Sera-Pak immunomicroalbuminuria; Bayer, Tarrytown, NY; intra- and interassay coefficients of variation: 4.5 and 11.0%, respectively) (14). UAE was measured using two collection methods: a 24-h timed urine collection (n = 691) or random spot (n = 215) sterile urine samples. The cutoff values used to define the stages of renal involvement followed American Diabetes Association recommendations for timed urine collections (μg/min). For spot samples, urine concentration (mg/l) cutoffs were used as previously validated in our central laboratory (14) into normoalbuminuria (UAE <20 μg/min or <17 mg/l), microalbuminuria (UAE 20–199 μg/min or 17–174 mg/l), and proteinuria (UAE ≥200 μg/min or >174 mg/l). Glucose was determined by a glucose oxidase method, creatinine by the Jaffé reaction, A1C test by an ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography procedure (Merck-Hitachi l-9100 glycated hemoglobin analyzer, reference range 2.7–4.3%; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), and triglyceride and cholesterol levels by enzymatic methods.
Molecular analysis.
DNA was isolated from lymphocytes using standard procedures (16). Subjects were genotyped for FABP2 A54T polymorphism as previously described (12). All PCRs were run in a final volume of 25 μl, containing 50 ng of genomic DNA, 20 mmol/l Tris-Cl, (pH 8.4), 50 mmol/l KCl, 1.5 mmol/l MgCl2, 0.2 mmol/l dNTPs, 1 unit of TaqDNA polymerase, and 1 μmol/l of specific primer.
To define the linkage disequilibrium between the A54T polymorphism and other polymorphisms located in FABP2, the International HapMap Project website (www.hapmap.org) was consulted. There were three SNPs genotyped in the Caucasian samples that were located within the FABP2 locus, not including our SNP. To determine linkage disequilibrium among these SNPs, we genotyped the 90 subjects from the HapMap sample for A54T polymorphisms. A Haploview file was created to evaluate linkage disequilibrium among the polymorphisms (95% CI), as described by Gabriel et al. (17).
Continuous data were expressed as means ± SD. Categorical data were expressed as number of case subjects and percent of individuals affected. χ2, Student's t test, or one-way ANOVA were used to compare genotype groups in terms of clinical and laboratory characteristics. Tukey's test was used for post hoc multiple comparisons. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated using allele frequencies and the χ2 test. To examine the main effect of the FABP2 A54T variant, the three genotypes (AA, AT, and TT) were considered separately, followed by pooling of the genotypes (AT/AA vs. TT or AA vs. AT/TT) to evaluate the model of inheritance (dominant or recessive). The magnitude of the association was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. Variables without normal distribution were log transformed. To estimate the adjusted OR, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with renal involvement as the dependent variable. P < 0.05 (two sided) was considered to be significant.
Brazilian sample.
Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes and some degree of renal involvement were more often males, had longer type 2 diabetes duration, and had higher systolic blood pressure levels (Table 1). Increased prevalence of diabetic retinopathy corresponded to renal status (P < 0.001). Patients with proteinuria and ESRD had a higher prevalence of IHD than normo- or microalbuminuric patients (P = 0.001). Patients with ESRD had lower BMI and total cholesterol than the other patients. Patients with proteinuria and ESRD had lower HDL cholesterol, and proteinuric patients had higher triglyceride levels than normoalbuminuric patients. Metabolic control was similar in all groups.
The distribution of the A54T genotypes is presented in Table 1. The frequency of the T allele (risk allele) was 0.25, and the genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Patients with renal involvement (microalbuminuria, proteinuria, or ESRD) had increased frequency of the TT genotype (10.1%) compared with normoalbuminuric patients (4.5%; P = 0.002). Assuming a dominant model (AA vs. AT/TT), the presence of the T allele was not associated with the presence of renal involvement (OR [95% CI] 1.2 [0.93–1.5]; P = 0.162). However, considering a recessive model, the TT genotype was associated with the presence of renal disease (AA/AT vs. TT, 2.4 [1.4–4.0]; P = 0.0005). In the recessive model, the OR adjusted for type 2 diabetes duration, BMI, hypertension, A1C, and cholesterol levels was similar to the crude estimate (adjusted OR 2.4 [1.1–5.4]), suggesting that the TT genotype is independently associated with renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Assuming the recessive model (AA/AT vs. TT), we evaluated the effect of the polymorphism on the different stages of renal involvement. The adjusted ORs (type 2 diabetes duration, BMI, hypertension, A1C, and cholesterol) are presented in Fig. 1.
Patients with the TT (n = 76) genotype were similar to patients with AA (n = 553) and AT (n = 413) genotypes regarding the proportion of males (54, 42, and 45%, respectively, P = 0.105), ethnicity (Caucasians 80, 75, and 80%, respectively, P = 0.718), mean age (60 ± 10, 59 ± 10, and 58 ± 11 years, respectively, P = 0.250), known type 2 diabetes duration (12 ± 8, 12 ± 1, and 12 ± 1 years, respectively, P = 0.837), BMI (29.3 ± 5.4, 28.7 ± 5.2, and 28.9 ± 5.1 kg/m2, respectively, P = 0.543), waist-to-hip ratio (0.95 ± 0.08, 0.94 ± 0.08, and 0.95 ± 0.08, respectively, P = 0.157), blood pressure levels (systolic 139 ± 21, 143 ± 24, and 143 ± 23 mmHg, respectively, P = 0.444; diastolic 85 ± 13, 86 ± 12, and 87 ± 15 mmHg, respectively, P = 0.414), and prevalence of hypertension (68, 67, and 68%, respectively, P = 0.852). Glycemic control (A1C 7.12 ± 1.98, 6.63 ± 1.90, and 6.76 ± 2.08, respectively, P = 0.145; fasting plasma glucose 200 ± 87, 178 ± 75, and 180 ± 71 mg/dl, respectively, P = 0.196) and lipid profile (total cholesterol 206 ± 48, 215 ± 47, and 220 ± 51 mg/dl, respectively, P = 0.218; HDL cholesterol 43 ± 17, 44 ± 12, and 44 ± 11 mg/dl, respectively, P = 0.828; triglycerides OR [95% CI] 168 [34–999], 149 [29–1,470], and 156 [43–1,439] mg/dl, respectively, P = 0.266) were also similar in the three genotypes. When patients with serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dl were analyzed to avoid interference of the renal status on the lipid profile, the triglyceride levels were higher in those with the TT genotype (171 [34–899] mg/dl) than those with the AA genotype (147 [27–600], P = 0.019), but similar to those with the AT genotype (162 [37–877] mg/dl). The group with the TT genotype also had lower total cholesterol compared with the group with the AA genotype (191 ± 50 vs. 217 ± 44 mg/dl, P = 0.026). The levels of total cholesterol in the AT group (220 ± 42 mg/dl) were not different from the AA or TT groups. None of the other clinical and laboratory parameters differed across the genotypes in this subset of patients (data not shown).
The frequency of the TT genotype was the same for patients with normoalbuminuria and known duration of type 2 diabetes >5 years (4.7%) or >10 years (4.8%), indicating that type 2 diabetes duration >5 years did not cause further depletion of the TT genotype among normoalbuminuric patients. Considering only white Brazilians, the TT genotype distribution was similar to the entire group (4.7% normoalbuminuric, 10.8% renal disease).
Joslin sample.
To test the a priori hypothesis that the TT genotype confers risk for diabetic nephropathy in other diabetic populations, we genotyped this marker in an independent case-control study of 483 Caucasians with type 2 diabetes residing in the state of Massachusetts. Patients with microalbuminuria were not included in the U.S. collection (15). The frequency of the T allele among normoalbuminuric patients was similar in the American and Brazilian samples (0.20 vs. 0.25, P = 0.086). In 201 control subjects with type 2 diabetes and normoalbuminuria, the frequency of genotypes was 61.7% (124) for AA, 35.8% (72) for AT, and 2.5% (5) for TT. In 282 case subjects with type 2 diabetes and overt proteinuria or ESRD, the frequency of genotypes was 57.1% (161) for AA, 36.5% (103) for AT, and 6.4% (18) for TT. As with the Brazilian dataset, the TT genotype was significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy in the U.S. dataset (one-tailed χ2 test, P = 0.024). Employing the more stringent two-tailed χ2 test, the association between TT and diabetic nephropathy remained statistically significant (P = 0.048), with an OR of 2.7 (95% CI 1.0 –7.3).
Thus, concurring with the results of the Brazilian study, the FABP2 polymorphism was significantly associated with proteinuria and ESRD, with the TT genotype conferring greater risk of disease compared with genotypes bearing the A allele.
Haplotype analyses.
We considered the possibility that there may be several potential haplotypes that harbor the 54T allele, of which there may be only one that is directly associated with risk for renal disease. To gain insight into this possibility, we analyzed International HapMap Project data for the FABP2 locus. These data included Caucasian genotypes for 22 SNPs (Table 1, online appendix [available at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org]) spanning 50 kb from position 120693944 (rs10518301) to 120743790 (rs11098506) that contain the 4.9-kb FABP2 locus. Considering only the haplotypes with a frequency >2%, we identified six haplotypes that capture 91.6% of the variability in this 50-kb region (Table 2, online appendix). Notably, 54T was present in only one haplotype. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the observed gene-disease association is related to the presence of this 54T allele or the one specific haplotype that bears it.
In these two samples of patients with type 2 diabetes, the presence of the A54T polymorphism of the FABP2 gene was associated with a two- to threefold increased risk for renal involvement. The magnitude of the association was the same for microalbuminuria, proteinuria, and/or ESRD, suggesting that this DNA variant is associated with the development of renal disease beginning in its early stages. To our knowledge, this is the first time this association has been reported.
The A54T polymorphism of the FABP2 gene has been associated with an increase in FABP2 affinity for long-chain fatty acids such as stearic and palmitic acids and consequently with higher levels of these fatty acids after a test meal (18). We have previously reported that patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria had higher levels of saturated fatty acids, especially stearic and palmitic acids, than normoalbuminuric patients (12). Saturated fatty acids might be related to endothelial dysfunction (10), and there is epidemiological evidence that they are risk factors for cardiovascular mortality (11). The possible mechanism through which the A54T polymorphism causes renal disease has not been established but might be related to endothelial dysfunction and glomerular damage due to higher levels of saturated fatty acids. Moreover, this polymorphism has also been associated with insulin resistance (19,20,21) and higher levels of triglycerides in the fasting state and after a fatty meal challenge (18,22). In the present study, the association of the TT genotype with elevated triglycerides was only evident among patients without renal function impairment (serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dl). In the total group, this effect was not seen probably due to interference from the renal failure or dietary orientation. None of these patients were on lipid-lowering drugs at the time of the evaluation.
We should be cautious regarding the results of positive associations in cross-sectional studies. Many of the associations reported are spurious and not confirmed by replication studies. To minimize such effect, it has been proposed that genetic association studies should include a large number of patients, low P values, and a priori clear biological hypothesis (23). In the present study, the a priori hypothesis was based on our previous observations; the sample was large enough to detect an OR of 2.4 with a power of 92% and to reach a low P value (P = 0.0005). To assess whether these results could be replicated, a sample of American patients with type 2 diabetes was evaluated. In this independent group, the same pattern and magnitude of association was observed. Furthermore, the frequency of the T allele observed in the Brazilian sample was similar to that observed in other diabetic populations (Pima Indians, white Europeans) but lower than described for Guadeloupe Indians or Asians (9).
The linkage disequilibrium map showed that the A54T polymorphism is located in a haploblock that spans 50 kb and includes 22 SNPs. However, among the frequent haplotypes (>2%), the T54 allele is present in only one of six possibilities. It is interesting that in this haploblock, there are no other known or putative genes except for FABP2. At present, we cannot exclude that one of the other DNA sequence differences on this haplotype but within the FABF2 locus could be causally related to diabetic kidney disease. However, this would require sequencing this very long haplotype together with functional studies, a task that is beyond the scope of this study.
Another aspect that needs to be considered in association studies is survival bias. In the scenario of an important survival effect, the increased prevalence of the TT genotype among case subjects would reflect that this polymorphism is associated with increased survival. Since this is a cross-sectional study, we cannot completely rule out this possibility. However, there is evidence suggesting that this was not the case. Based on the putative mechanism of the polymorphism, one concern was the association with IHD. These data were available for only a subset of the patients, and no association was demonstrated. Furthermore, if survival were an important contribution to our findings, we would expect that the TT frequency would change according to type 2 diabetes duration. This was not observed.
In conclusion, the A54T FABP2 polymorphism is associated with renal involvement in type 2 diabetic patients even in early stages such as microalbuminuria. However, this gene seems to have a minor effect, since the frequency of the risk genotype among case subjects was only ∼10%. Therefore, the search for other genes involved in the genetic predisposition for this diabetes complication is needed.
OR (♦) with 95% CI (dotted line) for the presence of FABP2 A54T polymorphism in the different stages of renal involvement adjusted for duration of diabetes, BMI, hypertension, A1C, and cholesterol levels.
Characteristics of Brazilian type 2 diabetic patients according to renal status
Normoalbuminuria .
Microalbuminuria .
Proteinuria .
ESRD .
P* .
n 529 217 160 136
Male 190 (35.9) 106 (48.8) 91 (56.9) 80 (58.8) <0.001†
Caucasian 407 (76.9) 159 (73.3) 117 (73.1) 97 (71.3) 0.438
Age (years) 58.3 ± 10 58.9 ± 11 60.1 ± 10 60.2 ± 11 0.218
Duration of diabetes (years) 9.8 ± 7.6 13.1 ± 9.8 15.1 ± 8.6 16.2 ± 8.2 <0.001†‡
BMI (kg/m2) 28.7 ± 5.45 28.8 ± 4.84 30.1 ± 5.4 27.0 ± 4.17 <0.001§
Waist-to-hip ratio 0.94 ± 0.07 0.95 ± 0.08 0.97 ± 0.08 0.92 ± 0.12 0.061
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 139 ± 23 144 ± 24 151 ± 25 150 ± 22 <0.001†
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 86 ± 13 88 ± 13 88 ± 16 83 ± 11 0.006§
Hypertension 312 (59) 162 (75) 134 (84) 116 (85) <0.001†‡
Retinopathy (Absent/NPDR/PDR [%]) 70/24/06 43/40/17 20/41/39 15/06/79 <0.001†‡
IHD¶ 123 (33.6) 55 (39.3) 57 (50.4) 36 (54.5) 0.001
A1C (%) 6.67 ± 1.92 6.78 ± 2.04 6.67 ± 2.22 6.79 ± 1.96 0.736
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) 177 ± 69 193 ± 97 181 ± 83 169 ± 83 0.453
Serum creatinine (mg/dl) 0.91 (0.5–1.3) 0.94 (0.4–1.2) 1.3 (0.6–5.0) 5.85 (2–18) —
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) 215 ± 46 218 ± 47 227 ± 53 194 ± 46 <0.001§
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) 45 ± 12 43 ± 12 42 ± 12 42 ± 13 0.011‖
Triglycerides (mg/dl) 144 (26–946) 150 (43–1,470) 192 (47–1,265) 181 (59–900) <0.001#
A54T FABP2 genotypes (AA/AT/TT) 292/213/24 113/85/19 78/68/14 70/47/19 0.008†
Data are means ± SD, median (range), or n (%) of cases.
ANOVA, χ2, or Kruksal-Wallis test;
normoalbuminuria vs. all;
microalbuminuria vs. all;
ESRD vs. all;
data available for 685 patients: normoalbuminuria, n = 366; microalbuminuria, n = 140; proteinurics, n = 113; and ESRD, n = 66;
‖
normoalbuminuria vs. proteinuria and ESRD;
proteinuria vs. all. NPDR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Additional information for this article can be found in an online appendix at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org.
This study was partially supported by grants from Projeto de Núcleos de Excelência do Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Additional support was provided by grant DK-058549 from the National Institutes of Health and grant NMRC/0,850/2004 from the National Medical Research Council, Singapore. L.H.C. is the recipient of a postdoctoral grant, and C.C. is the recipient of a scholarship from the Fundação de Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (Fundação CAPES).
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California: Culinary
7 Classic California Beach Burgers
George Rose/Getty Images
Where to find the best hamburgers along the California coastline
There's never been a scientific study proving that burgers just taste better at the beach. But whether you're a surfer or a tide pooler, a boogie boarder or a sun worshiper, you know nothing beats that first bite of a burger during a glorious day by the ocean.
With 840 miles of coastline, California knows a thing or two about beach burgers. They are as diverse as the California coast itself, and often come from places that are little more than shacks or stands—certainly not spots you'd describe as brasseries or gastropubs. Some offer simple delights, with shredded iceberg and American cheese, while others offer notable veggie, turkey, or even ahi burgers. Regardless of style, all classic California beach burgers are best served with the same sides: a fresh breeze off the Pacific and the sound of crashing waves. Here are seven favorites, listed from south to north.
Hodad's
A classic beach neighborhood deserves a classic beach burger. And less than 100 steps from the sand (someone actually counted), in San Diego's Ocean Beach community, Hodad's has been powering rides along the local breaks since 1969. In fact, when Hodad's was featured on the Food Network's Diners, Drive-Ins, and Dives, host Guy Fieri declared that it was, "in my opinion, what a local burger joint oughta be."
The surf vibe is unmistakable, from the Hodad's name itself (a reference to wannabes who hang out at the beach and pretend to be surfers) to the crammed interior, where one surfboard doubles as the central table and others hang from the ceiling. As for Hodad's star attractions, one key factor is that the careful arrangement of toppings and condiments forms a bed underneath the patty itself, allowing the juices to saturate these ingredients. The whole thing is wrapped in paper; diners are advised to remove it at their own risk, lest their meal fall apart. That's especially true of Hodad's bacon burger, which is topped with a crispy patty made of chopped bacon, not just a couple of skinny strips.
TK Burgers
For surfing fans in Orange County, TK Burgers—located across the Pacific Coast Highway from Huntington Beach Pier and the broad sands of Huntington State Beach—is the consummate SoCal burger shack. After all, for surfers along the pier, it's so close to the lineup that they'll barely miss a set. And for visitors to the town billed as "Surf City, USA," TKs lets you hang with the dudes who ride the waves and literally get a taste of the surfing lifestyle.
A TK burger certainly won't break the bank—and it won't break your jaw, either. It's not piled high with so many elaborate toppings that you can't get your mouth around it. The patties have just the right amount of char on the outside and pink on the inside, and they're complemented by nothing fancier than sliced tomato, some lettuce, and the TK variation of the proverbial secret sauce. But one thing that sets a TK burger apart is the bun, specially baked for TKs: They are as plush as a settee in the McMansion of a Real Housewife of Orange County.
Malibu Seafood
There's only one burger on the menu at Malibu Seafood, but it's memorable: It's made from ground ahi tuna mixed with onions and seasonings, grilled and then served on a sesame-seed bun with lettuce, thick-sliced tomato, and tartar sauce. The steak fries are as good as the burger; and if you're looking for another sandwich option, try the grilled squid steak on sourdough: not officially a beach burger, but it's mighty, mighty tasty.
You should also take advantage of the restaurant's location: It's right across Pacific Coast Highway from Dan Blocker Beach, and sits next to the trailhead for one of Southern California's most appealing coastal hikes. Park in the Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy lot (about $5) and head out from the Sara Wan Trailhead on a 2.5-mile loop into and above Corral Canyon. The trail climbs about 500 feet to commanding views of the coast before dropping back into the canyon.
Jalama Beach Store & Grill
Kitesurfers come to isolated Jalama Beach to take advantage of the prime breezes, while surfers make the trek hoping to get barrelled at Tarantulas, Jalama's celebrated left-hand point break. But plenty of people head to Jalama for nothing more adventurous than lunch. Jalama burgers are perhaps the most legendary of all California's beach burgers, almost invariably described as "world-famous."
For nearly 40 years, Don Eittreim has been serving them at this humble beach store and snack bar that he long operated with his late wife, Kathy. The Jalama burger rises from a bed of finely shredded lettuce that provides the foundation on a grilled sesame bun. From there, the layers steadily build: a cross-section of red onion, sliced tomato, pickles, and then the lean beef patty itself—best when smothered with cheese. And of course, there's a secret sauce. The whole burger is transcendent in its simplicity.
Decorated with natural-history displays and old newspaper clips, commemorating such events as the Honda Point disaster (when seven U.S. Navy ships ran aground near Jalama in 1923), the store's cramped indoor seating area is modest. Grab a window-side table, if you can, to look out on the beach.
Wooly's Beach Bar & Grill
Pismo Beach shares its name with a large clam found along the shore here, so the town has become synonymous with clam chowder. Wooly's Beach Bar & Grill certainly doesn't skimp on the chowder, but plenty of diners come here for the burgers.
Cradled in a brioche bun, Wooly's burgers are made with black Angus beef, in quarter-pound or half-pound sizes. Variations include a chili cheeseburger and the Western barbecue burger, a popular option topped by cheddar, Applewood bacon, and crispy jalapeños. Beef's not your thing? Then try the blackened albacore burger, which comes with caramelized onions, tomatoes, and cucumber-wasabi dressing.
Then there's Wooly's setting: Any closer to the sand and you'd probably have to be a clam yourself. At the very end of Pomeroy Avenue, Wooly's deck looks straight out on the beach, the boardwalk, and the nearly quarter-mile-long Pismo Beach Pier. You've got a front-row seat to all the beach action: fishermen on the pier, surfers, and an endless parade of people strolling Pismo's flat, packed sands.
U.S. Meal
Although it's not right on the sand, U.S. Meal is within flip–flop walking distance of both Black's Beach and secluded Sunny Cove Beach in Santa Cruz. The short trek is certainly worth it for a diverse, creative burger lineup that has won acclaim from Santa Cruz beachgoers ever since U.S. Meal's 2013 opening. "My hamburger was just as I had ordered, medium-rare and layered, no onion," wrote Ann Parker in the Santa Cruz Sentinel. " A generous amount of guacamole and pickled jalapeño slices added color and flavor to the hand-formed grilled-beef patty."
Pickled jalapeños: This suggests that U.S. Meal is unafraid to break with beach-burger orthodoxy. Indeed, in addition to traditional beef burgers, as well as one teriyaki variation with ham and pineapple, the restaurant serves a salmon burger topped with avocado and crab. Savor your burger on a breezy, landscaped patio that has picnic tables and a bocce court. A nice local bonus: Wash down your selection with craft beers on draft, from such acclaimed Northern California breweries as Lagunitas Brewing Co. and Sierra Nevada.
The Siren Canteen
Sitting along the base of the lifeguard stand at Stinson Beach, an hour north of San Francisco, the Siren has a stylishly weathered look, as if it's still being slowly seasoned by the salt air. Through the paned windows, look out on breakers rolling onto the shore, then all the way out to the Farallon Islands (at least on clear days). A string of incandescent lights hangs from the ceiling, and the fresh-cut flowers at each table add a touch of class not common at most burger shacks.
That's because these are no common burgers. Owner Mary Margaret Stewart uses grass-fed beef, free of antibiotics and hormones, and sources her vegetables from a farm stand in nearby Bolinas. She also does her own brining, and you'll find a row of mason jars filled with her onions, carrots, cucumbers, and jalapeños, as well as fiery salsas. With that commitment to the details, you just know that a Siren Canteen burger will be terrific—whether you opt for the ABC Burger (with avocado, bacon, and cheddar) or the Blue Cheese Burger. The sweet potato fries are a nice touch, too.
Kid-Foodie's Guide to California
Great L.A. Food Trucks
California's Best Airport Cuisine
Foodie's Guide to California Ballparks
Pascal Shirley
California: Luxury
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The New Year always brings a renewed gusto to clean up our acts—physically and mentally. But in California, it's always time to eat better, get fit, and clear...
The flawless-at-every-turn town of Healdsburg, at the north end of Sonoma County, was recently...
Anaheim's Craft Beer Scene
Backed by beer enthusiast Mayor Tom Tait, Anaheim's craft beer industry is booming with at least a dozen craft breweries soon to be pouring within the city limits. "In...
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The Golden State now boasts 90 starred restaurants, ranging from San Diego to Mendocino County
California is home to an incredible culinary bounty, reflected in its legendary restaurant scene. From Atelier Crenn in San Francisco to n/naka in...
Courtesy of Quince
This celebrated San Francisco institution continues to surprise and delight diners
When Chef Michael Tusk and his wife Lindsay opened Quince in 2003, critics and...
Celebrate this uniquely Sonoma County fruit at its August festival
In most parts of the country, apple season doesn't happen until fall. But the Gravenstein Apple Fair, held every August in...
Jim Noonan/Sonoma County Farm Trails
Carmel Valley Ranch
Right off the coast in the romantic seaside town of Carmel is a 500-acre, all-suite property in California's Santa Lucia Mountains known as Carmel Valley Ranch. Despite a...
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Insider's Guide to Newport Beach
Lido House
Location, location, location—it's an adage that holds true at Lido House....
Discover Los Angeles County
5 Amazing Things to Do in Venice Beach
This unique Los Angeles County beach town has sand, surf, and a lot of local color. No doubt, many consider...


Marina Landing is a 260-unit garden style apartment community built in 1991 in Orlando, Florida. The property consists of 21, 2 and 3-story buildings situated on 24 acres of lake-frontage off Hiawassee Road and Raleigh Street in MetroWest. The property benefits from the picturesque landscaping of MetroWest and proximity to downtown Orlando, Universal Orlando Resort, Mall of Millenia and Valencia College. Duncan Hillsley Capital acquired the community in April 2013.


They come from a natural material and allow various dimensions like 10x10, 12x12, and 15x15 at any length up to 2.5 meters.
The beige colour is the one that can very easily be combined with various red, beige or white stones to give a touch of lightness on the overall build.
The ledge stones are usually used over windows, doors, fireplaces etc.


A picture paints a thousand words, and we'd love for you to help us spot the difference between the past and the present by entering this competition.
Visit the website to look at the old photos, then recreate any combination of the locality, composition and or subject matter. You don't have to dress up in historical costume, as the idea is to see how far things have changed in 2011. You don't have to take the whole set, just one will do and you can enter as many times as you like.
PRIZE DETAILS: First prize - a money can't buy dining experience. Enjoy a mouth-watering dinner for six, as the waters of Windermere lap around you, without getting your feet wet! We're offering the winner a once in a lifetime exclusive dinner served on the jetty at Windermere at Brockhole - The Lake District Visitor Centre.
Second prize - indulge your inner pirate. Sail away for a morning or afternoon on a self-drive motor boat, courtesy of Coniston Boating Centre, on Coniston Water which inspired Arthur Ransome's classic children's tale "Swallows and Amazons".
Third prize - foodie heaven: Receive a luxury Lake District hamper packed to the brim with delicious local produce. ELIGIBILITY: UK / All ages (under 18s must have a parent/legal guardian's permission) Not eligible to enter? - Find contest where you are.
• News coverage of the competition • On the Lake District National Park Authority website • On the Lake District National Park Authority's Facebook fan page • Exhibitions • Publications – such as leaflets and reports • for use in press releases to be distributed to national, regional and specialist press giving information about or promoting the 2011 competition.
Whenever your image is published by the Lake District National Park Authority you will be credited. Failure to publish a credit due to error or oversight shall not be deemed a breach of this condition.
Entrants details will be stored for the purposes of the competition. By entering the competition, entrants agree that the Lake District National Park Authority can collect, save and process the personal data provided (the Data) for the sole purposes of the competition.


Quebec is the perfect bedspread to use as a layering piece or an alternative to your comforter for a new solid look. The classic stitch pattern pairs easily with your existing décor and will add a decorative element to your bedroom.
Love this bedspread! I am using the queen size on my king bed with a bedskirt. Thick enough for the winter but at the same time light weight for the summer. Does not collect dog hairs nor do my dogs get their nails caught in the threads. Perfect!


text:
Home Arts & Culture
Japandroids – Near to the Wild Heart of Life, 4/5
Want us to review your band? Email arts@themanitoban.com today!
TOPICS:canadian musiccd reviewindie-rockmusictoban turntable
Photo obtained courtesy of ANTI- Records.
By Emelia FournierMarch 9, 2017
Vancouver-based indie-rock duo Japandroids' new album Near to the Wild Heart of Life is an ode to rebellion and joy. Keeping tradition with the band's typically uplifting lyricism, the opening titular track gets the listener "fired up," and urges the listener to not "leave your dreams to chance or to a spirit in the sky."
This song introduces larger themes that course through the album: the daunting pursuit of happiness and freedom, and the juxtaposition between the comfort of home and the adventure of new places, backed by an almost adolescent, reckless energy.
The album's second offering, "North East South West," explores relationships through Canadian geography.
David Prowse's persistent, flowing drumbeats continue through "True Love and a Free Life of Free Will," a song that reconciles freedom with loving devotion. "I'm Sorry (For Not Finding You Sooner)" is a distorted love song reminiscent of an older Blur song with repeated, hypnotic lyrics.
Japandroids have been experimenting with different types of effects and synthesizers on this album – something new for the band. While this adds additional texture to some songs, it fits comfortably within their usual style of pulsing alt-rock, with tracks that tend to perpetually sound like they're on the verge of euphoria.
"Midnight to Morning" and "No Known Drink or Drug" bring the listener back to a very familiar lyrical stomping ground for rock: yearning for a distant love. The album ends on the meditative "In a Body Like a Grave," a more existential, pondering tune that's fitting for the end of the album.
Near to the Wild Heart is filled with anthemic alt-rock that sometimes verges on the territory of cheesiness, but overall, it's an enjoyable ride.
Integral arts
The Staves: Blood I Bled
The Folk Fest beginner's playlist


text:
Q: How to solve error : finished with non-zero exit value 1 in spring? [System]
Spring boot: 2.1.7 Release
Gradle: 4.10.2
I usually know that the above error appears when the port number is being used by another program, but the error also occurs when I change the port.
As expected, the error occurs by an Apache Poi added at Gradle dependencies.
I want to know the method that solves this problem.
Below is my Gradle code.
buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '2.1.7.RELEASE'
    }
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'

group 'com.tistory.cafecoder'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
    compile('org.projectlombok:lombok')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa')
    compile('com.h2database:h2')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mustache')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client:')
    compile('org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:3.11')
    compile('org.apache.commons:commons-io:1.3.2')

    testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
    testCompile('org.springframework.security:spring-security-test')
}

A: Solved.
The POI itself was not a problem. I didn't want to solve everything in the service class, so I declared an outer class to parse the xlsx file.
I used @RequiredArgsConstructor.
In the process, I encountered a problem by declaring a simple class as "personal final".
It was simply a matter of lack of knowledge of Spring Boot annotations.... TT

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Ideally located in the East Midlands, explore the country by motorhome or boat.
Whether you want to slow down on a narrowboat or explore further afield in one of our motorhomes, East Midlands Leisure Hire has a vehicle or boat for you. Our fleet is well maintained and fully stocked with everything you need - just bring your food and clothes! Bedding and towels are provided as standard as well as many other extras that other companies charge extra for. We are a company that is run by family and close friends and we care about our customers expectations and their overall experience in one of our motorhomes or boats.
East Midlands Leisure Hire is ideally situated on the Trent and Mersey canal at Shardlow on the corner of 3 Counties - Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and Leicestershire. We are perfectly located for exploring the Peak District National Park or you can get anywhere in the UK within 4 hours in one of our campervans or you can explore the inland waterways of the East Midlands on the narrowboats. We can arrange airport transfers from East Midlands and Birmingham Airports and the local train stations are Derby, Nottingham, East Midlands Parkway and Long Eaton, most of which are linked to Shardlow via the Skylink bus service, which runs 7 days a week.
Shardlow itself is a charming 18th Century inland port that boasts 7 pubs and a Curry House, its worth a stopover in itself!
Based on the Trent and Mersey Canal at Shardlow, our well equipped narrowboats are ideal for experienced boaters or novices alike! Our narrowboats can accomodate upto 6 guests.
Take a peak district tour this half term. Midweek breaks from only £199.


MONDO STADIA has joined the World Football Summit (WFS) Industry Awards as the new category partner for the Best Venue award.
The WFS Industry Awards acknowledge and reward the work done by professionals in the football industry, who in their daily lives, beyond the 90 minutes of the game, make this sport a real economic engine. This event rewards the achievements of the world's leading football club managers, agencies, sponsors, press, associations and NGOs.
The WFS Awards take place in September in Madrid, Spain.


There comes a time in grade 1 when tallying and counting by 5s and 10s gets serious. For that reason I print and laminate these posters 11x17 and line them up under the calendar. We tally everything and practice counting using authentic data, our birthdays, our lost teeth, the days at school and so on. Bring on the dry erase markers.
You need a wide format printer to print to 11x17, print to your school photocopier or submit online to Staples Print and Copy Centre.
I loved that font so yes, you have to add the accent grave on "fête" on this one.
I found this post very interesting, as I remember using lots of tally charts and graphs when I taught Grade 1 as well. Shannon, these look like the tally charts and graphs that you use with the full class. What do you do to get students to practice these skills independently and in small groups? How do you get them to reflect on the results? Thanks for getting me thinking!
I just wanted to thank you for your amazing blog and I don't know where else to comment. I have been reading through it and downloading your creations for the past couple of weeks. I am a Grade 1/2 French Immersion teacher in a suburb of Vancouver, BC. My program, as well as that my colleagues', will be greatly enriched next year because of your amazing blog and the other sites that you have referenced. Thank you!
It's so great to get messages like yours. Thank you! I started posting to a blog when I taught while a colleague was on maternity leave, I thought is would be a good way for her to know what we were doing and when she took on a student teacher I thought maybe this new teacher would have a head start when she got her first teaching position.
I'm so glad that posting what I use in class online has helped other teachers. My sentence is "She gave teachers the time to be better". I find that so often teachers are just overwhelmed by the day to day job that it's hard to just survive. I hope the blog makes teaching easier and more enjoyable! Yay!
I too just found your blog and am super excited to use a lot of your activities in my new Kindergarten class this fall!
"en espace je vois ..." est une expression québécoise ? cela n'existe pas en français de France..
Comment est-ce qu'on dirais qu'on vois quelque chose qui existe en espace alors? Je ne suis pas Québécoise mais franco-Manitobaine qui fais parfois des fautes en français!


Dentexe stocks a fully comprehensive range of janitorial and hygiene hardware products.
All of our products are high quality and are suitable for a variety of purposes.
Only a few selected popular items are displayed on our web site so please contact us as we have many more products in stock.
Heavy duty 18/29 x 39" polythene sacks to suit most customers' needs, our black bags will cover most demands.
Medium duty 13/23 x 30" polythene bin liner for small round, square, pedal or swing bins. Also available in light and medium duty.
Plastic drinking cups, suitable for volume catering, medical and dental purposes.
Lightweight Cleaning Cloths are semi-disposable, non-woven cleaning cloths with an excellent absorbent capacity.


text:
3274 Maillen este un asteroid din centura principală, descoperit pe 23 august 1981, de Henri Debehogne.

Legături externe

 3274 Maillen în JPL Small-Body Database
 3274 Maillen în baza de date a Minor Planet Center
 Diagrama orbitei asteroidului 3274 Maillen (JPL)

Centura de asteroizi
Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1981


text:
            Properties
            Methods
            Events
                            Config Options
                        Direct Link

Observable
  GridView

Class Ext.grid.GridView

Package:	Ext.grid

Defined In:	GridView.js

Class:	GridView

Subclasses:	GroupingView

Extends:	Observable

This class encapsulates the user interface of an Ext.grid.GridPanel.
Methods of this class may be used to access user interface elements to enable
special display effects. Do not change the DOM structure of the user interface.

This class does not provide ways to manipulate the underlying data. The data
model of a Grid is held in an Ext.data.Store.

Config Options

                Config Options
                Defined By

            autoFill : Boolean

                            True to auto expand the columns to fit the grid when the grid is created.

        GridView

            deferEmptyText : Boolean

                            True to defer emptyText being applied until the store's first load

        GridView

            emptyText : String

                            Default text to display in the grid body when no rows are available (defaults to '').

        GridView

            enableRowBody : Boolean

True to add a second TR element per row that can be used to provide a row body that spans beneath the data row. Use t...

                True to add a second TR element per row that can be used to provide a row body that spans beneath the data row. Use the getRowClass method's rowParams config to customize the row body.

        GridView

            forceFit : Boolean

                            True to auto expand/contract the size of the columns to fit the grid width and prevent horizontal scrolling.

        GridView

            listeners : Object

A config object containing one or more event handlers to be added to this object during initialization. This should b...

                A config object containing one or more event handlers to be added to this object during initialization. This should be a valid listeners config object as specified in the addListener example for attaching multiple handlers at once.

        Observable

Public Properties

                Property
                Defined By

            columnsText : String

                            The text displayed in the "Columns" menu item

        GridView

            scrollOffset : Number

                            The amount of space to reserve for the scrollbar (defaults to 19 pixels)

        GridView

            sortAscText : String

                            The text displayed in the "Sort Ascending" menu item

        GridView

            sortClasses : Array

                            The CSS classes applied to a header when it is sorted. (defaults to ["sort-asc", "sort-desc"])

        GridView

            sortDescText : String

                            The text displayed in the "Sort Descending" menu item

        GridView

Public Methods

                Method
                Defined By

            GridView( Object config )

        Parameters:

config : Object

        Returns:

        GridView

            addEvents( Object object ) : void

Used to define events on this Observable

                Used to define events on this Observable

        Parameters:

object : Object
The object with the events defined

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            addListener( String eventName, Function handler, [Object scope], [Object options] ) : void

Appends an event handler to this component

                Appends an event handler to this component

        Parameters:

eventName : String
The type of event to listen for

handler : Function
The method the event invokes

scope : Object
(optional) The scope in which to execute the handler
function. The handler function's "this" context.

options : Object
(optional) An object containing handler configuration
properties. This may contain any of the following properties:

scope : Object
The scope in which to execute the handler function. The handler function's "this" context.

delay : Number
The number of milliseconds to delay the invocation of the handler after the event fires.

single : Boolean
True to add a handler to handle just the next firing of the event, and then remove itself.

buffer : Number
Causes the handler to be scheduled to run in an Ext.util.DelayedTask delayed
by the specified number of milliseconds. If the event fires again within that time, the original
handler is not invoked, but the new handler is scheduled in its place.

Combining Options

Using the options argument, it is possible to combine different types of listeners:

A normalized, delayed, one-time listener that auto stops the event and passes a custom argument (forumId)

el.on('click', this.onClick, this, {
    single: true,
    delay: 100,
    forumId: 4
});

Attaching multiple handlers in 1 call

The method also allows for a single argument to be passed which is a config object containing properties
which specify multiple handlers.

foo.on({
    'click' : {
        fn: this.onClick,
        scope: this,
        delay: 100
    },
    'mouseover' : {
        fn: this.onMouseOver,
        scope: this
    },
    'mouseout' : {
        fn: this.onMouseOut,
        scope: this
    }
});

Or a shorthand syntax:

foo.on({
    'click' : this.onClick,
    'mouseover' : this.onMouseOver,
    'mouseout' : this.onMouseOut,
     scope: this
});

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            fireEvent( String eventName, Object... args ) : Boolean

Fires the specified event with the passed parameters (minus the event name).

                Fires the specified event with the passed parameters (minus the event name).

        Parameters:

eventName : String

args : Object...
Variable number of parameters are passed to handlers

        Returns:

Boolean
returns false if any of the handlers return false otherwise it returns true

        Observable

            focusCell( Number row, Number col ) : void

Focuses the specified cell.

                Focuses the specified cell.

        Parameters:

row : Number
The row index

col : Number
The column index

        Returns:

void

        GridView

            focusRow( Number row ) : void

Focuses the specified row.

                Focuses the specified row.

        Parameters:

row : Number
The row index

        Returns:

void

        GridView

            getCell( Number row, Number col ) : HtmlElement

Returns the grid's <TD> HtmlElement at the specified coordinates.

                Returns the grid's <TD> HtmlElement at the specified coordinates.

        Parameters:

row : Number
The row index in which to find the cell.

col : Number
The column index of the cell.

        Returns:

HtmlElement
The <TD> at the specified coordinates.

        GridView

            getHeaderCell( Number index ) : HtmlElement

Return the <TD> HtmlElement which represents the Grid's header cell for the specified column index.

                Return the <TD> HtmlElement which represents the Grid's header cell for the specified column index.

        Parameters:

index : Number
The column index

        Returns:

HtmlElement
The <TD> element.

        GridView

            getRow( Number index ) : HtmlElement

Return the <TR> HtmlElement which represents a Grid row for the specified index.

                Return the <TR> HtmlElement which represents a Grid row for the specified index.

        Parameters:

index : Number
The row index

        Returns:

HtmlElement
The <TR> element.

        GridView

            getRowClass( Record record, Number index, Object rowParams, Store store ) : String

Override this function to apply custom CSS classes to rows during rendering.  You can also supply custom
parameters t...

                Override this function to apply custom CSS classes to rows during rendering.  You can also supply custom
parameters to the row template for the current row to customize how it is rendered using the rowParams
parameter.  This function should return the CSS class name (or empty string '' for none) that will be added
to the row's wrapping div.  To apply multiple class names, simply return them space-delimited within the string
(e.g., 'my-class another-class').

        Parameters:

record : Record
The Ext.data.Record corresponding to the current row

index : Number
The row index

rowParams : Object
A config object that is passed to the row template during rendering that allows
customization of various aspects of a body row, if applicable. Note that this object will only be applied if
enableRowBody = true, otherwise it will be ignored. The object may contain any of these properties:

body : String
An HTML fragment to be rendered as the cell's body content (defaults to '').

bodyStyle : String
A CSS style string that will be applied to the row's TR style attribute (defaults to '').

cols : Number
The column count to apply to the body row's TD colspan attribute (defaults to the current
column count of the grid).

store : Store
The Ext.data.Store this grid is bound to

        Returns:

String
a CSS class name to add to the row.

        GridView

            hasListener( String eventName ) : Boolean

Checks to see if this object has any listeners for a specified event

                Checks to see if this object has any listeners for a specified event

        Parameters:

eventName : String
The name of the event to check for

        Returns:

Boolean
True if the event is being listened for, else false

        Observable

            on( String eventName, Function handler, [Object scope], [Object options] ) : void

Appends an event handler to this element (shorthand for addListener)

                Appends an event handler to this element (shorthand for addListener)

        Parameters:

eventName : String
The type of event to listen for

handler : Function
The method the event invokes

scope : Object
(optional) The scope in which to execute the handler
function. The handler function's "this" context.

options : Object
(optional)

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            purgeListeners() : void

Removes all listeners for this object

                Removes all listeners for this object

        Parameters:

None.

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            refresh( [Boolean headersToo] ) : void

Refreshs the grid UI

                Refreshs the grid UI

        Parameters:

headersToo : Boolean
(optional) True to also refresh the headers

        Returns:

void

        GridView

            relayEvents( Object o, Array events ) : void

Relays selected events from this Observable to a different Observable

                Relays selected events from this Observable to a different Observable

        Parameters:

o : Object
The Observable to relay events to

events : Array
Array of event names to relay

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            removeListener( String eventName, Function handler, [Object scope] ) : void

Removes a listener

                Removes a listener

        Parameters:

eventName : String
The type of event to listen for

handler : Function
The handler to remove

scope : Object
(optional) The scope (this object) for the handler

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            resumeEvents() : void

Resume firing events. (see suspendEvents)

                Resume firing events. (see suspendEvents)

        Parameters:

None.

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            scrollToTop() : void

Scrolls the grid to the top

                Scrolls the grid to the top

        Parameters:

None.

        Returns:

void

        GridView

            suspendEvents() : void

Suspend the firing of all events. (see resumeEvents)

                Suspend the firing of all events. (see resumeEvents)

        Parameters:

None.

        Returns:

void

        Observable

            un( String eventName, Function handler, [Object scope] ) : void

Removes a listener (shorthand for removeListener)

                Removes a listener (shorthand for removeListener)

        Parameters:

eventName : String
The type of event to listen for

handler : Function
The handler to remove

scope : Object
(optional) The scope (this object) for the handler

        Returns:

void

        Observable

Public Events

                Event
                Defined By

            beforerefresh : ( Ext.grid.GridView view )

Internal UI Event. Fired before the view is refreshed.

                Internal UI Event. Fired before the view is refreshed.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

        GridView

            beforerowremoved : ( Ext.grid.GridView view, Number rowIndex, Ext.data.Record record )

Internal UI Event. Fired before a row is removed.

                Internal UI Event. Fired before a row is removed.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

rowIndex : Number
The index of the row to be removed.

record : Ext.data.Record
The Record to be removed

        GridView

            beforerowsinserted : ( Ext.grid.GridView view, Number firstRow, Number lastRow )

Internal UI Event. Fired before rows are inserted.

                Internal UI Event. Fired before rows are inserted.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

firstRow : Number
The index of the first row to be inserted.

lastRow : Number
The index of the last row to be inserted.

        GridView

            refresh : ( Ext.grid.GridView view )

Internal UI Event. Fired after the GridView's body has been refreshed.

                Internal UI Event. Fired after the GridView's body has been refreshed.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

        GridView

            rowremoved : ( Ext.grid.GridView view, Number rowIndex, Ext.data.Record record )

Internal UI Event. Fired after a row is removed.

                Internal UI Event. Fired after a row is removed.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

rowIndex : Number
The index of the row that was removed.

record : Ext.data.Record
The Record that was removed

        GridView

            rowsinserted : ( Ext.grid.GridView view, Number firstRow, Number lastRow )

Internal UI Event. Fired after rows are inserted.

                Internal UI Event. Fired after rows are inserted.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

firstRow : Number
The index of the first inserted.

lastRow : Number
The index of the last row inserted.

        GridView

            rowupdated : ( Ext.grid.GridView view, Number firstRow, Ext.data.record record )

Internal UI Event. Fired after a row has been updated.

                Internal UI Event. Fired after a row has been updated.

        Listeners will be called with the following arguments:

view : Ext.grid.GridView

firstRow : Number
The index of the row updated.

record : Ext.data.record
The Record backing the row updated.

        GridView

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Alvin spends his days working as a Japanese translator, carefully creating the illusion of everyday normalcy for his friends, colleagues and those around him. But then there are the panda toys, the good-looking girl downstairs that Alvin spies on but can't summon the courage to approach, the crazed and angry neighbour across the corridor, and the matter of something strange happening to his apartment.
With tensions in his life and home steadily building, Alvin must either accept the stains that permeate his sheltered existence or finally make a break for it. In Alvin's Harmonious World of Opposites, local first-time feature director Platon Theodoris has produced a film that is simultaneously intriguing and enjoyable, surreal and funny. Imbued with magical realism that recalls whimsy and verve of Michel Gondry as well as the creative imagination of Spike Jonze, all while depicting a world that is seems familiar yet somehow very, different, this is one of the most striking and original films to come out of Australia in years.
Alvin's Harmonious World of Opposites is screening at the Sydney Underground Film Festival on Sunday, 20 September 2015. Details here.