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The Changing Role of Britain in the 20th Century Essay
The Changing Role of Britain in the 20th Century This brief paper seeks to be an introduction to a large and complex topic, namely, how the role of Britain in the world has changed as a result of the traumas of the twentieth century. In 1900, Britain was the economic and political standard of the world, while in 2000, she was considered by many a mere appendage of the United States. If this is even partially true, both internal and external affairs must be taken into account and their mutual interrelation understood. This is the purpose of this present paper.
In the early part of the twentieth century, Britain possessed a huge colonial empire, dominated global trade and maintained the globe's reserve currency, the pound sterling. But this same period showed the exact forces externally that would come to eliminate the empire and harshly diminish Britain's hegemonic role in world politics. Between 1900 and 1914, Britain was strongly challenged by a large and prosperous Russia and, more ominous, a highly industrialized, cohesive and military powerful Germany. In many respects, by 1912, Germany was in advance of Britain in many areas, including petrochemicals and railroads. Russia was challenging Britain's hegemony in Central Asia and the far east, and she took to arming Russia's enemies in Japan. After the Japanese victory in 1905, the Asian world had defeated a European (or semi-European power) and some hold that this victory was the first real shot in the anti colonial battles of the twentieth century. The Boer war in the first years of the 20th century saw the nationalist Afrikaners defeat the British, and the latter were forced to use terror tactics and concentration camps against the white Africans who were to oppose Great Britain from that time onward. Ireland had bled Britain white and, during World War I, will engage in a revolutionary war with Britain that will force her (partial) independence in 1921.
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In other words, Britain was successfully being challenged on nearly all fronts (Rubenstein, 244ff). Without the empire and the domination of the pound sterling, Britain's international role would be radically curtailed, and other powers would take its place. The simplest approach to Britain's decline in the twentieth century is to stress the destruction of the two world wars.
Britain was not about to permit Germany to dominate the continent of Europe, take over (with Austrian help) the former Turkish possessions of the Balkans and create her own global empire. Thus, Britain swallowed her pride and made an alliance with her second rival, Russia, against her first, Germany. Britain cynically saw Russians as semi-Asiatics who can be used as cannon fodder against the Austrians and Germans on the eastern front.
The same strategy was to be disastrously followed in World war II. Prior to World War II, Britain was forced to concede the independence of Ireland and the eventual removal of Ireland from Britain's influence altogether. Many in England thought that the colonial armies in India and Africa were no longer reliable, and even worse, that the British military forces were dangerously overextended throughout the empire (Louis, 332). The real problem for Britain then and now is that she remains a small, rather pitiful state in herself, desperately dependent on outside sources of food and raw materials, not unlike Japan in this respect. Therefore, the problem remains that Britain cannot retreat into a shell, but always must maintain some kind of external presence and influence. Most will hold, without much disagreement, that the solution to this problem, at least after World War II, was to become an appendage to American money and power. It is impossible to deny the basic thesis that the two world wars were destructive, fratricidal and ultimately, the primary cause of the loss of empire and the near destruction of Britain's international influence. In both cases, it can be challenged whether Britain fought on the right side.
In World War I, an industrialized Germany was not necessarily a threat to Britain and more than Russia, but n one could have predicted the mas destruction that brought one of the most violent empires into existence in the USSR and laid the road bare for the rise of Hitler in Germany. Nothing was solved by the mass slaughter of World War I, and World War II only substituted one tyranny for another in Europe. But after World War I, Britain did not have the heart to fight another war, whether against Hitler or the USSR, both considered equally menacing to English interests. Hence, the dual humiliation at Dunkirk (not to mention the appeasement of Chamberlain) and fighting with the USSR showed the world how impotent the British empire had become.
Again, in the Second World War, nothing was to be gained in fighting for Stalin, who, after all had slaughtered more than Hitler had, and then, seeing all eastern Europe, as well as China, fall into the hands of this totalitarian tyranny. It seems that, at some level, Britain had miscalculated each time, worried about her international prestige and currency monopoly, threw in her lot with the wrong crowd and was bled white in the process. In both world wars, nothing was solved, the world was never made safe for democracy or British domination, new tyrannies arose and Britain, in 1946, was an economic basket case dominated by the new leftist Labor party that looked askance on the empire as a whole (Rubenstein, 232) The British response to the inevitable loss of empire after World War II was the Commonwealth, a means of retaining some British influence over the new Third World and seeking to give the former colonies over to moderate nationalists who might see some benefit to an English connection (Louis, 329). Inn fact, Louis holds that the British "transition teams" in the former colonies used scare tactics to keep the new nationalist governments from leaning to the Americans, holding that the US was a rising power that sought to monopolize their markets. The same was said of the USSR, and hence, the Commonwealth was billed as a median way between the east and the Americans, maintaining Britain's role as well as he pound sterling as the reserve currency (Louis, 335). But after World War II, Britain's economy had entered a tailspin. The new Labor governments were elected by huge margins, and sought the reduction of empire and the nationalization of many industries such as coal and the railroads. But just as important was the radical weakening of England's position internationally, where the pound was radically devalued and Britain was in no position to enforce the free trading rules the empire had fought so long to maintain.
But it was not until 1967 that the pound sterling was removed as the world's reserve currency, a serious blow to the British trading system that was now a memory. The Bretton Woods agreements after the war made ceratin that a new regime was put in place, this one dominated by American capital, the American military and the dollar (Louis, 358ff). Adding to Britain's domination by other powers, Britain joined the EEC in 1973, and of course, was a long-standing member of NATO. Britain was now just one power among many. Harold Macmillan made the claim that the relation between the US and the UK is something akin to the relation between Rome and Greece (Dobson, 164). That Britain, acting in the role of the ancient Greeks, bequeathed to Rome her basic philosophical and scientific views, while the Romans took these and made a political empire out of them. This seems to be a way of maintaining some kind of British cultural supremacy over the Americans, and has been answered by comparing the US and the UK not so much to Greece and Rome, but between the Old Rome and the New Rome, that both are empires and both are doomed to over extension and eventual failure. Nevertheless, the fact remains that the American culture through media and movies has long outstripped the BBC and related organizations in terms of global culture.
If anything, the Cold War saw the UK simply riding some vague conception of "Anglo-American" sentiment to suggest a sort of equality, where of course, the reality is that England is a dependency of the US. In Havighurst's (1985) work, the imperial failures of the British empire from South Africa to Ireland to India, are all joined by attacks on free trade and the British conception of laissez faire. In other words, that there is a relation between the destruction of the British empire and the attacks on free trade in the name of nationalism, socialism or isolationism. Putting this more abstractly, for every political failure, such as the slaughter of World War I, there is a corresponding political consequence.
In the case of the destruction of the empire, the political consequence was a power turn to economic nationalism and import substitution. The only thing that saved the "British" free trade system was Bretton Woods itself, since, it seems, every trading regime must have a hegemon to enforce it. Britain might console itself by holding that Bretton Woods is really a British invention, updated for the Cold War world, but the fact is that it is enforced by American guns, trade sanctions and dollars, at least for the time being.
This is the central point: the British role prior to World War II was to police the globe both with guns and with money, enforcing the rules of the dominant trading regime. Nevertheless, Britain retreated from this role wit the rise of labor and the new ruling classes. For Havighurst, he argues that there is a connection between the imperial failures in England's post-war history and the fal of the Lords from power (Havighurst, 95). The failure of the imperial world dominated by London was met with the political consequence of the Lords, the old aristocracy that was so dominant for so long, being eventually pushed from power. This was done after World War I with the passing of voting rights acts, enfranchising the poor, women and soldiers, not to mention the long overdue reforms to the district system, where districts were regularized over a set number of constituents.
All of this drove the old aristocracy from power and paved the way for the rise of Labor, which in turn, gave the political legitimacy and justification for the abandonment of the empire (Havighurst, 163). New priorities came with the rise of Labor, and these priorities were domestic rather than international and hence, took Britain away from a central international role. It also must be mentioned at this point that Britain's decline was not always seen as inevitable. After all, Britain did at least formally win World Wars I and II, and it was the British Air Force that destroyed the German, causing Hitler to have little air cover in his disastrous Russian gamble. The Battle of Britain was one shining light in the British twentieth century history that gave some hope that the British military might retain some respect, but it was too late (Havighurst, 288-232). Even more, it was not guaranteed that Britain's economic woes after the wars were completely destructive of her dominant international role, but it was the rise of Labor that sealed the fate of the empire, something that Havighurst holds is just as important as the material losses of the war (367-369). Furthermore, the fact that the US was seeking to rebuild western Europe through the Marshall Plan meant that European economics will be based on the dollar and the domination of the American government.
One might even argue at this point that the British, though undeniably weakened from the war, was merely pushed out of first place by both the USSR and the United States, and had the isolationists come to power in the US, that the British would have eventually rebuilt its power and hence its empire. It might even have been able to use the Commonwealth to do this in a form of "indirect empire" (American style) rather than direct colonialism. Britain, in this argument, was not so much defeated as replaced. Several interlocking and complex claims are being made here.
But the first is the easiest: the shocks of World Wars I and II outstripped the ability of Britain to pay for these. But it is hard to see how this inevitably destroyed the British empire. In Soviet Russia, the destruction of World Wars I and II were infinitely harsher, and Russia also suffered through a Civil War from 1918 to 1921. Yet Russia maintained a huge empire until 1990. Japan, in a similar situation to that of England in terms of size, maritime power and lack of resources, bounced back after World War II to become one of the world's most powerful economies in less than a generation. England, on the other hand, even with American assistance, came under receivership from the International Monetary Fund and never quite bounced back from the war. Russian losses were far greater than British losses in terms of men and material, and yet their empire was strengthened under Stalin and Khrushchev.
One might even make the argument that Russia had as many national problems as the British, including the Islamic problem, the Baltic problem and the Ukrainian problem, as England had with their restive colonies. Yet the USSR was able to repress these insurgencies throughout her huge empire, while England was forced to let their colonies go into the loosely defined Commonwealth. Hence, it is far from certain that the two wars inevitably destroyed the British empire, and hence, Britain's central role in world politics and economics. Other factors need to be mentioned.
The rise of the Labor party is mentioned in every major piece of literature in this field. The political aspects to international failures and problems cannot be underestimated. This is the second claim of this paper, that the Labor party made ceratin that the British empire could not be resurrected as the Soviet empire was. The failures of World Wars I and II led to a bankrupt Britain, but, as the Soviet example shows, this is not a determining factor in the loss of empire. There was a political lack of will, a lack of desire to maintain the empire that was manifest in the rise of Labor and the reform of the voting procedures in England, leading to new classes taking power, including the lower middle class and the working classes, whose elected spokespersons held that the empire was no longer viable.
Hence, the conclusion here is that Britain's role in the world changed from the dominant political and economic actor to that of an appendage of the United States not because of the losses of the two World Wars but due to a loss of political will. Britain's role changed radically due to the reluctance to fight a third world war, this time against the Soviet Union, just recently an ally of the Empire itself. With the rising American power, the British ruling classes changed to that of Labor, and a major sea change in British politics could be discerned even after World War I, becoming more obvious after World War II. Slowly but surely, abetted by the shocks of the wars, the British ruling classes changed, and, with the newly enfranchised voters in the English political world, the desire to maintain the empire was removed from the British people, with the rise of Labor creating a new set of priorities, more economic and domestic, that took over from the "high politics" of empire and the old aristocracy.
Ultimately, the joining of NATO and the EEC, the removal of the pound sterling as the world's reserve currency, the elimination of the empire, the losses of the two wars, massive debt, serious economic problems, the domination of the United States and the USSR in world politics are all major symptoms of this radical diminution in Britain's international role. But the cause is the rise of the lower middle classes and the working class to some prominence in Britain, causing priorities to shift from "high politics" to the "low politics" of bread and butter local issues. The empire and hence, Britain's central role in the world no longer fitted in with these priorities.
References:Dobson, Alan. Anglo-American Relations in the 20th Century. Routledge, 1995Havighurst, Alfred. Britain in Transition. University of Chicago Press, 1985Louis, William et al. The Oxford History of the British Empire in the 20th Century. Oxford University Press, 2001Rubenstein, WD.
20th Century Britain. Palgrave-Macmillan, 2003
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Whose Land www.whoseland.com provides a map of Australia illustrating traditional tribal land/boundaries and raises awareness of international issues associated with land that Indigenous peoples have faced.
The Indigenous Land Corporation www.ilc.gov.au/site/page.cfm is a Commonwealth statutory authority. The ILC assists Indigenous people to acquire land and to manage Indigenous-held land throughout Australia .
National Native Title Tribunal www.nntt.gov.au works with people to develop an understanding of native title and reach enduring native title and related outcomes that recognise everyone's rights and interests in land and waters.
The Registrar of Aboriginal Corporations www.orac.gov.au is an independent statutory office holder who administers the Aboriginal Councils and Associations Act 1976 . This Act guides how Indigenous corporations are run. The Office of the Registrar of Aboriginal Corporations (ORAC) supports and regulates the corporations that are incorporated under the Act.
The Foundation for Aboriginal and Islander Research Action (FAIRA)http://www.faira.org.au/abofai.htmlhas information on the rights of Indigenous peoples to self-determination through ownership of Land, Culture and Heritage.
Timeline of legislation affecting Aboriginal people Specific legislation and policy affecting Aboriginal people in Australian including `protection`, `assimilation` and `self-determination` with differences between states also shown.


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Friends Like These: The Struts' Luke Spiller x Paris Jackson
The collaborators on joint single 'Low Key In Love', their latest projects and their first ever live shows
By Sophie Williams
The Struts' latest single is a real doozy. 'Low Key In Love', a '70s inspired power-pop collaboration with Paris Jackson, details the conflicting feelings of excitement and nervousness that define the early days of a blossoming relationship. Fusing cutesy lyrics with whimsical chords, it's an effortlessly dreamy offering.
The origins of the track evolved from a surprise Instagram DM. Jackson recounts the story to The Struts' frontman, Luke Spiller, in the latest episode of NME's Friends Like These series (which you can watch in full above). "You slid into my DMs and you were like, 'Let's collaborate!', she says, laughing. "And I was like, 'Are you sure?'
[At the time], my music wasn't out yet, so there wasn't really much for you to reference. I was like, 'How do you know if I'm good at all? Are you sure you want to work with a rookie like me?'"
Spiller, however, was adamant that Jackson's distinctive vocals belonged on 'Low Key In Love'. "You know what it's like sometimes in this business, especially when it comes to these kinds of [collaborations], you get put with people that have been recommended to you," he says. "But with this song, what I was really excited about was that we already knew each other to an extent, and had this mutual respect – and I knew that's what was going to ultimately lead to something that was organic."
Initially, Spiller and his bandmates hadn't planned for 'Low Key In Love' to be a duet. As he explains to Jackson: "I think it's really cool how much more character you brought to the song. It really helped to emphasise its context of being a cute romance song."
When the pair began to lay down vocals together, Jackson reached a musical epiphany: this song quickly became an opportunity for the singer-songwriter to venture beyond the alt-folk stylings of her 2020 debut album, 'Wilted'. "I thought this was a really big change from what I'm used to doing," she responds to Spiller. "And so I knew it would be really great to do because I respect you as a person and as a musician, and I knew collaborating with you would be so great!".
The Struts and Paris Jackson's 'Low Key In Love' is out now

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The UC Santa Barbara Women's Center plans to install a vending machine that will sell condoms, birth control items and other basic wellness products at the Pardall Center beginning Winter Quarter.
The vending machine will cost approximately $5,000, according to Kim Equinoa, assistant dean for the Women's Center.
Contraceptives like the morning-after pill and general medical supplies like Band-Aids and pain relievers will be available at the vending machine.
The products will be available to Isla Vistans and UCSB students, and the machine will display information about sexual health resources available on and off campus.
The Women's Center plans to finalize the full list of vending machine products by the end of Fall Quarter, according to Diane Bell, pharmacist manager at Student Health. Bell said Student Health services will restock the vending machine when required.
Students proposed the vending machine because they wanted access to health services beyond the hours of normal convenience and drug stores, Equinoa said.
"We started researching different ways for producing this kind of service, and our students really carried it forward," she said.
Students will be able to use cash when purchasing the products.
All of the items in the machine will be over-the-counter items that are also available at Student Health. The products will cost approximately the same as those offered at the Student Health pharmacy, Equinoa said.
"We're going to keep it a little limited to begin with and then expand over time as students let us know the kinds of things that they need," Equinoa said.
A.S. approved funding for the vending machine in spring of 2015 and allowed the allocated funds to carry through to the 2017-2018 school year.
The Pardall Center also offers other A.S. services to I.V. community members, such as the A.S. Legal Resource Center and the A.S. I.V. Tenants Union.
The Women's Center requires that the vending machine maintains specific temperature settings so the machine does not overheat and ruin the medication. Most medications are stored in locations at around 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
The Women's Center first proposed the project in 2015, but the idea has since grown into a collaboration between UCSB Student Health services, Associated Students (A.S.) and the center.
Students will have access to the vending machine during the Pardall Center's normal hours of operation: 8 a.m. to midnight on Monday through Thursday, 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. on Friday, 10 a.m. to 7p.m. on Saturday and noon to midnight on Sunday.
The Women's Center, located on the first floor of the UCSB Student Resource Building, is a department that specializes in providing resources for female students, faculty and staff.
Since its founding 40 years ago, the center has added resources for students who identify within the LGBTQ spectrum and non-traditional students, such as women who want to return to school after having children.
This center also works closely with the UCSB Campus Advocacy Resources and Education (C.A.R.E.) program, which deals with interpersonal violence.
Equinoa said she is looking forward to the vending machine's opening in the winter and the opportunity to expand resources for students.
"We're just really excited to be able to continue providing services for students in this way and really hope to create greater access to resources for students through this project," Equinoa said.


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Dr. Darrell Kruger Named UNO Provost
NEW ORLEANS — From the University of New Orleans:
As a former dean of the College of Education and Human Development at the University of New Orleans, Darrell Kruger is not exactly new to UNO.
However, prior to his formal return to UNO on Jan. 1 as the new provost, senior vice president of academic affairs and executive director of research and economic development, Kruger wanted to introduce himself to the campus community, so he held informal chat sessions in the University Center.
Those informal sessions — which Kruger said he plans to continue — is an example of Kruger's "walking" management philosophy. He wants to walk the campus, visit departments, and talk with students, faculty and staff on a regular basis, Kruger said.
"You're fostering collaboration, you're trying to bring people together and break down some of those silos we stereotypically think about in higher education," he said. "I'm a relational leader, so people are at the center of the work."
He succeeds Mahyar Amouzegar, who stepped down after six years as provost to join the College of Business Administration faculty in the Department of Economics and Finance.
Kruger, who is from South Africa and holds a doctorate degree in geography, said his people-centered mentality is rooted in a South African philosophy of "Ubuntu." It was a term used often by the late South African President Nelson Mandela in discussing how a person's recognition of shared humanity leads to a better community.
"The short of it is that it's people centered. I can only be a human being through my interaction with you and other human beings," Kruger said. "So being a relational leader—'Ubuntu'—is about people and relationships … and then it's collaborative."
Kruger has an affinity for quotes. In fact, he loves to collect them and years ago created a personal database that he continually updates.
"Whenever I run across a new quote that I find powerful or insightful, I make a note of it in my record and who introduced me to it or where I read about it," Kruger said.
The appreciation for pithy phrases comes from his late father, Kruger said.
"He was probably the most wise person who wasn't college educated," Kruger said. "He had a number of incredibly interesting phrases that sort of captured life, and so I think I learned an appreciation from him."
A phrase from the database that came to Kruger's mind during a recent interview was "mazel tov," courtesy of UNO faculty member Abram Himelstein.
"When I was dean and when I left, he wrote me a nice note. It is a Hebrew expression, mazel tov, wishing someone good luck," Kruger said. "That is in my list of sayings and quotes and I have Abram's name beside it."
Another entry is a phrase he heard former U.S. Secretary of State Jim Baker use during a television interview in the 1990s that still sticks with him.
"He asked James Baker why he thought he was an effective secretary of state and James Baker said his father taught him the five 'Ps:' prior preparation prevents poor performance. For some reason, it just stuck with me," Kruger said. "These quotes have a life of their own and they are attached to people. We learn the lessons of life from people who came before us."
He was attracted to UNO, Kruger said, because of what he calls the three Ps: the people, the place and the programs.
"The people of New Orleans, aside from being fun-loving, enjoy life," Kruger said. "Place and programs go hand-in-hand. If you look at many of the teaching and research opportunities, they are connected to the local environment, whether it's coastal processes or new energy.
"Just a couple days ago, we had four faculty members who were part of the state's updated coastal master plan. That's a great example of having people here who are connected to the place and trying to improve it, in this case, coastal erosion."
Kruger, who has nearly three decades of experience as a faculty member, researcher and administrator, is the former provost at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.C., a role he held for five years.
While there, Kruger is credited with helping grow the university's enrollment, including an increase in historically underrepresented student population from 13.9% in 2015 to 18% in 2020.
"Appalachian State is a predominantly white institution, but we significantly increased the number of students from historically underrepresented backgrounds," Kruger said. "We consistently grew enrollment for the five years I was provost, every year."
Prior to his time at Appalachian State, Kruger served as the dean of the College of Education and Human Development at UNO from 2013-2015.
Kruger also had previous experience working within the University of Louisiana System. He was a tenured associate professor in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Louisiana at Monroe, where he served as the undergraduate and graduate program adviser for geography and co-director of the Louisiana Geographic Education Alliance.
Kruger, who came to the United States in 1989 to attend graduate school, has spent the bulk of those years in Louisiana. His three children were born in Louisiana; one in Baton Rouge and two in Monroe, he said.
"There's always been this pull back to Louisiana," Kruger said.
Kruger received his doctorate and Master of Arts degree in geography at Louisiana State University and his Bachelor of Arts degree in geography at the University of Stellenbosch in South Africa.
Kruger said he also applies lessons learned as a rugby fan and player to guide his management style. It's more about the team than it is about a single player, he said.
Kruger plans to demonstrate that team-first mentality as he assumes the reins as UNO's chief academic and research officer.
"Everyone in the organization is a leader. It's not just the president and the provost and deans and the department chairs; everyone is a leader," Kruger said. "Some of the best ideas come from people who work in the organization and who may not think of themselves as leaders … And I need them, if we are to strengthen UNO and the academic vision of the institution."
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The Yuma Court location will be closed Friday, December 16, 2016 through December 23, 2016. For assistance, please contact the Court at 602.682.4000 or 800.556.9230.
The court's Case Management/Electronic Case Filing Live system (CM/ECF) will experience one or more short disruptions in service on Tuesday, December 13, 2016 between 5:30pm and 8:00pm (MST).


Fans can expect to see Reilly Smith wearing the Spoked-B for another two years.
Smith, set to become a restricted free agent this summer, signed a two year contract extension with the Bruins on Mar. 6 for an annual cap worth of 3.425 million dollars. Smith will receive 3.35 million in the first year, and receive 3.5 million in the second.
Smith came to Boston in a 7 player deal that saw Tyler Seguin, Rich Peverley, and Ryan Button go to Dallas, while the Bruins acquired Loui Eriksson, Joe Morrow, and Matt Fraser. In his first full season with the Bruins, Smith scored 20 goals and 31 assists, having his best season in the NHL thus far. Prior to the contract extension, Smith scored 12 goals and 23 assists in 63 games.
Smith was also the winner of the Seventh Player Award, presented by NESN and the Boston Bruins. The Seventh Player Award is an award that is presented to the Bruin who exceeded the expectations of Bruins Fans during the 2013-2014 season. (Via NHL Bruins).
As the season continues to wind down, Smith will be looking to continue to contribute, clocking three assists in his last three games.


The hits just keep on coming. And I'm not happy to report them, either.
Cathy Frannson wrote this morning, wondering: "After a week of the phone not being answered here, and glimpsing a sign in their window, can you confirm that Vito's has closed? How can that be? It's an institution!
It certainly was, Cathy — as this Seattle Times review makes clear. Seattle Weekly's Voracious has the scoop today about the closure. Thanks for the heads-up.


All schools in the Washington Elementary School District are committed to achieving excellence for every child, every day, every opportunity. Ocotillo Elementary School's curriculum is fully aligned with State Standards. Ocotillo provides art, music and PE for all grade levels.
Ocotillo Elementary provides differentiated learning opportunities for all students to achieve academic success. Extended day care and after-school programs are available. We believe the school should provide a positive, productive and safe environment for all students through the implementation of clear, fair and consistent behavioral expectations.
The mission of Ocotillo Elementary School is to foster an enriching environment that produces lifelong learners with the necessary academic and social skills to be successful citizens.
The vision of Ocotillo Elementary School is to support learning for all. Students will demonstrate high academic achievement in a climate in which they are challenged by rigorous curriculum, aligned to the Arizona State Standards. Students will develop socially and emotionally as they strive for excellence, are held accountable for their actions and demonstrate respect for themselves and others.


The shareholders of Anoto Group AB (publ) are hereby invited to attend the Extraordinary General Meeting (the "EGM") to be held on Tuesday, 20 November 2018 at 10.00 a.m. at the premises of Setterwalls Advokatbyrå, Sturegatan 10 in Stockholm, Sweden.
notify the Company of their intention to participate no later than on Thursday, 15 November 2018.
Attendance is to be notified by telephone +44 1256 774400 or by e-mail to EGM@anoto.com. The notification should state name, social security number/corporate identification number and registered number of shares. To facilitate admittance to the EGM, proxies, registration certificates and other authorisation documents should be submitted to the Company by email to EGM@anoto.com no later than on 15 November 2018. The Company provides proxy forms on the Company's web page www.anoto.com.
Shareholders who hold their shares through nominees (Sw. förvaltare) must request a temporary registration of the shares in their own name, with Euroclear Sweden AB. Shareholders who wish to obtain such registration must contact the nominee regarding this well in advance of 14 November 2018.
As previously announced, Board member Will Reeb has tragically passed away in a traffic accident. Nerthus Investments Ltd., the largest shareholder in Anoto, proposes that Anoto's CEO, Joonhee Won, shall be elected as new Board member of the Company until the end of the next Annual General Meeting.
According to Chapter 7, section 32 of the Swedish Companies Act, at a General Meeting the shareholders are entitled to require information from the Board of Directors and CEO regarding circumstances which may affect items on the agenda and circumstances which may affect the Company's financial situation.
As of 29 October 2018, the total number of shares and votes in the Company was 119,007,830. The Company is not holding any own shares.


The goal of the first phase of our research was to construct a survey that could reliably measure the Straight Talk® Communication Styles that were developed by Eric Douglas. The research focused on developing a tool to measure the Director, Expresser, Harmonizer and Thinker communication styles. We considered both what Eric Douglas' theory told us about the different styles, as well as the responses of participants in the study. It was important to consider both the theory and the data, because using one without the other could increase the probability that chance alone would affect the final choice of statements. We knew that we wanted to end up with a final survey – or inventory – consisting of between 30 and 40 statements. With this goal in mind, we developed 98 statements that we thought could diagnose the four different styles. A quarter of these statements would measure the Director style, a quarter would measure the Expresser style, and so forth. After we had randomized these 98 statements and compiled them into a survey, we gave it to 237 individuals to complete on their own.
After we collected the data, we summed the individual response items for each style. Next, we correlated each of the 98 items with all four of the styles to see which statements were most strongly related to each style (Jackson, 1970). We then chose the 12 items for each of the four styles that had the highest correlation with each style and were at least .05 different from correlations with the other three styles. In addition, any item that had a high correlation with a communication style for which it was not intended was discarded. Thus, our second generation inventory was winnowed down to 48 statements.
The next step was to subject this refined inventory to a factor analysis. This would allow us to measure the underlying traits responsible for the ways that people respond to the statements on the inventory. (Tabchnik & Fidell, 1996). Factor analysis also ensures that each statement is measuring the same underlying trait, and that the statements are maximally related to a single subscale while being minimally related to the other subscales.
A scree plot of the results showed us that four factors (or communication styles) had eigenvalues greater than one (2.88 to 13.26). This confirmed that the data are best explained by four communication styles, rather than, say, three or five.
Based on this preliminary factor analysis, we narrowed our survey to eight statements for each communication style. We conducted a final factor analysis, which showed that each of these eight statements "loaded" on its relevant style with a score of .3 or above, and loaded lower than .3 on the other three styles. We were very pleased with these results, because they confirmed that our survey instrument was meeting established professional standards.
Note: Letters after items indicate the communication style for which they were created: E=Expresser, T=Thinker, H=Harmonizer, D=Director. We then conducted correlation analyses of the four subscales and the Social Desirability Scale (SDS; Crowne & Marlowe, 1964). We focused on the Social Desirability Scale because we were interested to see how the four subscales related to a scale that measured the tendency to present oneself in a favorable or socially desirable light. We found that the SDS was meaningfully related to the Harmonizer (r = .60) and the Thinker (r = .37) styles (see Table 2). These relationships were predicted by the theory. Furthermore, we found strong relationships between the Expresser and Director subscales (r = .44) and the Thinker and Harmonizer subscales (r = .34). These relationships are also predicted by Douglas' theory.
Note: * denotes significance at the .001 level. N = 237 The purpose of the next set of analyses was to investigate the internal consistency of the Douglas Communication Styles Inventory (DCSI). This would confirm that each item within the same subscale measures the same underlying communication style. Alpha reliability coefficients of .70 and above are considered acceptable. Our results revealed that the DCSI subscales showed good internal consistency (see Table 3).
We next investigated the stability of the Douglas Communication Style Inventory subscales. We gave the DCSI to 64 college students to fill out. Two weeks later our volunteer participants completed the DCSI once again. We conducted correlations of each of the DCSI subscales from time one to time two (see Table 4).
The Director, Expresser, Harmonizer, and Thinker subscales showed excellent test-retest reliability (acceptable coefficients are equal to or greater than .70). Overall, the DCSI had an average test-retest reliability of .83, which indicates that this scale is stable across time. We also conducted t-tests for correlated groups to see if average subscales changed significantly from Time 1 to Time 2 (see Table 5).
Note: Significance levels equal to or less than .05 are considered meaningful. T1 equals Time 1; T2 equals Time 2; SD equals standard deviation; df equals degrees of freedom. These analyses showed that average scores did not change from Time 1 to Time 2. This was added confirmation that the subscales are stable across time. Next we correlated each of the DCSI subscales to determine their inter-relationships (see Table 6).
Note: * denotes significance at the .01 level. N = 64. Again, we found the expected high relationship between scores on the Expresser and Director subscales (r = .62), but not the Thinker and Harmonizer subscales (r = .22). We also found significant relationships between the Thinker and Director subscales (.38), the Harmonizer and Expresser subscales (.42), and the Thinker and the Expresser subscales (.46). We believe, however, that the correlations from the first phase more accurately reflect the relationships among variables because they are based on a larger number of people (237 vs. 64), and therefore are more reliable. The purpose of the final set of analyses was to confirm the internal consistency of the DCSI subscales. Our results revealed that the DCSI subscales were internally consistent (see Table 7) with the exception of the Harmonizer subscale. As before, the alpha reliability coefficients from Phase 1 were given more weight because they were based on a larger sample (see Table 6).
In summary, we were very pleased with the results of the first phase of the research. The Douglas Communication Styles Inventory (DCSI) showed an ideal factor analysis pattern and good internal consistency. Moreover, the expected relationships among the DCSI subscales and the Social Desirability Scale were found. We were also pleased with the reliability of the survey instrument. The DCSI showed good average test-retest reliability (.83) and good internal consistency. Together, these results confirmed that the DCSI was a reliable instrument for measuring the four discrete styles of communication.
1997 by Lisa Bohon, Ph.D. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the author.
Crowne, D., and Marlowe, D. 1964. The Appraisal Motive. New York: Wiley.
Gorsuch, R. L. 1983. Factor Analysis. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Jackson, D. N. 1970. A sequential system of personality scale development. In Current Topics in Clinical and Community Psychology. Vol. 2, ed. C. D. Spielberger, New York: Academic Press.


The fiber optic project of Khorramshahr industrial town of Arvand Free Zone was launched and exploited with the presence of secretariat of the Supreme Council of Iran's Free Trade, Industrial and Special Economic Zones.
Public Relations and International Affairs department of Arvand Free Zone Organization reports, video surveillance and optical fiber project of Khorramshahr industrial town with the credit of over 45 billion Rials, 30 km long, using micro-duct and micro-fiber method, was exploited with the presence of Morteza Bank, secretary of the Supreme Council of Iran's Free Trade, Industrial and Special Economic Zones.
It is worth noting, with the implementation of the fiber optic project, this service is delivered to industrial units, which can provide Internet, intranet, data connection and telephone line services on this platform.
Secretary of the Supreme Council of the Free Zones, on the sidelines of the ceremony commended the services of ICT management and awarded Kamal Rezaie Director of Information and Communication Technology department of Arvand Free Zone Organization with a certificate of appreciation.


Cranston Mayor mocks opponent on Block Island.
Fung on the attack in debate and campaign.
Cranston Mayor Fung seems unrelenting in his attacks on his opponent Ken Block and continues to hammer away at him. Fung even posed outside " Blockheads" on Block Island, as Fung supporters cheered him on. Fung was aggressive in the first GOP debate on CH 12 and continues to attack Ken Block as nothing more than a " Block Head," pretending to be a republican when he is really an Obama supporter. Early polls show a tight race with neither candidate pulling in a ton of cash. It seems odd that the Republican Mayor would feel the need to go negative so early in the race but seems to be reflective of Fung stumbling out of the gate caught up in a police scandal. Who moves on from the primary? Follow DePetro.com for the latest.


We are delighted to announce that ClimateCare has won the Environmental Finance Award for Best Project Developer Public Heath 2018. We have held this award every year since it was created in 2012 – a reflection of our sector leading capability in delivering projects that cut carbon and improve lives.
If you choose to work with ClimateCare, not only will you take responsibility for your carbon emissions and help tackle climate change; you will also improve life for some for the world's poorest and hardest to reach communities.
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Contact us on +44(0)1865 591000 to find out how we can help your business turn its climate responsibilities into positive outcomes.
This entry was posted in Awards, News, Uncategorized on by .


We take pride in the transparency and openness of our university. Here you'll find useful information on everything from our governance and strategy to financial results and media contacts.
Contacts and details for media enquiries.
Collaboration, research, recruitment and incubation opportunities for businesses.
Discover who's managing and leading Royal Holloway and what we want to look like by 2020.


Brothers Rick and Nam Nguyen once owned the vacant lot at 312 NW 23rd, sold it to the Good Egg Dining Group, then last week bought it back.
The Nguyens had once envisioned a Korean barbeque restaurant on the site and decided to dust off those plans by Ken Fitzsimmons of TASK Design and tweak them slightly for a new Cajun Corner.
The proposed two-story building will feature a patio along 23rd and a large rooftop deck. There will two full bars on each floor which a large craft beer selection.
The restaurant will be counter service but with attentive table runners to make sure patrons receive the same great service that has become the hallmark of the original Cajun Corner on Council Road just south of NW Expressway.
That first restaurant has found a loyal following through updated Cajun fare, with Asian and Southern influences.
The brothers aren't new to fusion cuisine, having previously launched both Guernsey Park and Covell Park in Edmond.
The plan is to move forward quickly with the new building, which will be yet another in-fill project for the thriving Uptown / 23rd Street district.
Last month, it was announced that Coop Ale Works will be redeveloping the massive former Armory Building just east of I-235. Dunkin' Donuts and Baskin Robbins will soon open in a new structure on the northeast corner of Hudson and 23rd.
The new operations will join dozens more that have opened in the corridor in just the last few years.


text:
Talk:Tech/News/2018/10
< Talk:Tech | News
1 Unwanted recet of watchlist notestamp
2 Citoid
3 Translation
4 MediaWiki version
Unwanted recet of watchlist notestamp[edit]
Hello, Johan (WMF). There is a bad bug I detected last week. I see it is not fuxed so soon, so I believe you should add it to the Problems section. Can I explain you the problem, please, so you could decide if it is important enough for the Tech News? Thank you, IKhitron (talk) 21:57, 26 February 2018 (UTC)
Sure. Phab ticket? And feel free to add any extra explanation here if you feel it needs more context. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 22:48, 26 February 2018 (UTC)
The ticket exists, of course, Johan (WMF). But I prefer to hear your oppinion just on my explanation, without the ticket, if it is OK with you. IKhitron (talk) 23:08, 26 February 2018 (UTC)
Go ahead. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 06:14, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
Thank you. Imagine you have a page in your watchlist. You did not open it a couple of days, so there are a lot of unseen revisions in Special:watchlist for this page. Unfortunately, somebody likes the job you did on this page and thanks you for one of your old edits. There is a good chance that this thank will mark all the rest revisions as seen, so you will never know what was happened on the page in these days. All it needs is to click on the thank notification, to check on which edit exactly you were thanked. The old version will be opened, but the page will be marked as if you just opened the last one. IKhitron (talk) 10:08, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
I think it should be a bit shorter and less like a story. I would say it like:
If you click on a notification about a thanked edit, it opens the diff for that edit. Opening the diff causes the software to think that you have seen the latest edit to the page, even if the viewed edit is older. It means that the latest edits to that page no longer appear in bold on your watchlist.
—Tacsipacsi (talk) 13:50, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
Of course. The story was just to convince Johan that it's important. I like your text. IKhitron (talk) 14:04, 27 February 2018 (UTC)
But this isn't a new behaviour, is it? It's just one of the many ways in which the software we build doesn't always act in perfect ways? The reason I'm asking is that Tech News is very focused on changes – good (mainly) and bad ("problems"), and as far as I know this is how things have behaved for a long time? (Which doesn't mean it couldn't be a problem, of course.)
Sorry for the late reply, got stuck with other work and didn't have time to revisit Tech News until now. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 17:30, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
I do not know if it's new. I saw it last week. Maybe it was always, maybe it's something broken in last deployments. But I think it does not matter. There is a problem. People do not know about it. It will help them, if they will know - they will not open such notifications before checking the page itself. I really believe that "Problems" section should not avoid problems informing, if it can help. Thank you. IKhitron (talk) 17:51, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
Yes, but to me, that's unfortunate but expected behaviour. Tech News could become several pages long, listing behaviours like that unless we concentrate on what's actually changing one way or another – it's all about what we're personally familiar with since before, isn't it? /Johan (WMF) (talk) 20:19, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
What do you mean in "expected"? IKhitron (talk) 20:20, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
So this isn't really part of my argument – that I think that Tech News would become far too long if we were to list all bugs and weird behaviours, even just the ones that affect editing and curating in one way or another – but "expected" in this case is that I, personally, would assume that visiting an edit in that history because I was thanked or mentioned would count as visting the history. Unfortunate, but expected. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 21:22, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
Before I answer you - did you pay that opening old version marks new as seen? IKhitron (talk) 21:43, 1 March 2018 (UTC)
Yes. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 20:25, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
So, I do not understand why do you call this behavior "expected". I expect to open some old version and do not erase the watchlist. IKhitron (talk) 20:28, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
I totally see the problem, and how this could be unfortunate and confusing. My point is that this is how I, personally, would expect the software to behave, and that MediaWiki has a lot of behaviours since way back that a lot of editors aren't aware of. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 06:48, 3 March 2018 (UTC)
I see. Still don't understand why it's expected for you personally, but if it's you own, I shouldn't. So, I understand you do not think it should be in the news. For me, it's the worst bug for registered user I saw in wiki ever, taking in account that noone can see that the bug even exists. But you are the boss. Thank you. IKhitron (talk) 17:21, 3 March 2018 (UTC)
I don't really think it's important if I, personally, expect the behaviour or not, I'm just trying to apply the principle of what Tech News has historically reported on – which is something that has (or will) change. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 20:10, 3 March 2018 (UTC)
Sure. If it was a bug that disappears the third section in every talk page, whould you publish it? IKhitron (talk) 20:37, 3 March 2018 (UTC)
So I've been thinking about this, but I find it so difficult to believe that we would have gone for a long time with such a bug without changes and actions to address it. Or that the communities would be unaware. I mean, if it was new so they hadn't had the time to discover it ... but that takes us back to the distinction between "new"/"how MediaWiki works for good and bad". /Johan (WMF) (talk) 09:07, 6 March 2018 (UTC)
It's very hard to recognize. You do not expect this, as you do not expect my example with third section will exist, so nobody checked. I know it just because I wroute a huge gadget for Watchlist - about 800 lines, so I check a lot every detail all the time. IKhitron (talk) 13:47, 6 March 2018 (UTC)
This discussion is pointless. If you describe your problem well in Phabricator, it will likely get fixed soon. But Tech News shouldn't mention something a user deems to be a problem. Matěj Suchánek (talk) 19:42, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
It is in phabricator, again. I'm talking about warning the user. 99.9% from bugs does need such mention, because the user can understand there is a problem, if they see it. Here, they will never know that something's wrong, if we will not tell them. IKhitron (talk) 19:46, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
Citoid[edit]
In "Soon it will disable Citoid if the configuration isn't correct." what does 'it' refer to? --Ата (talk) 09:24, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
@Ата: The citoid tool will disable itself. Jdforrester (WMF) (talk) 18:55, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
Translation[edit]
Translation for Bengali(Bn) 100% Completed, need a review. Thanks Jhalmuri (talk) 19:27, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
MediaWiki version[edit]
Note that the issue links to the current version of MediaWiki, deployed this week. I'm not sure which version is the following: 1.1331/wmf.24 or 1.32/wmf.1? Matěj Suchánek (talk) 19:35, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
13 or 31? IKhitron (talk) 19:37, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
The latter, thanks. Matěj Suchánek (talk) 19:43, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
Apparently, phab:T183963 is the answer. Matěj Suchánek (talk) 19:45, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
Mea culpa, I misread wikitech:Deployments. /Johan (WMF) (talk) 20:24, 2 March 2018 (UTC)
Retrieved from "https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Tech/News/2018/10&oldid=17802736"


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text:
The Unbearable Lightness of Being a Prawn Cracker
The Undivided Self
Walking to Hollywood
The Butt
The Book Of Dave
Psycho Too
Psychogeography
Dr Mukti And Other Tales Of Woe
How The Dead Live
Tough Tough Toys For Tough Tough Boys
Cock And Bull
My Idea Of Fun
Perfidious Man
Sore Sites
The Sweet Smell of Psychosis
The Quantity Theory Of Insanity
Book Will Self For An Event
The Book Of Dave – USA publication
The Book Of Dave will be published in the USA on November 28th by Bloomsbury USA. It's available for pre-order at Amazon.com.
From Publishers Weekly
[Starred Review] Self, the provocative British raconteur who used the Tibetan Book of the Dead to map London (How the Dead Live, 2000) is taking another literary shot across his home city's bow. In his gleaming new puzzlebook, Self creates a dystopian future London, ruled by a cynosure of priests, lawyers and the monarchy. He invents Arpee, the musical language they speak that is based on a sacred text, The Book of Dave, which also serves, satirically, as the society's moral and legal foundation. And who is this deity named Dave? An embittered London cabbie from the distant past – the year 2000. As the book opens, the kingdom of Ingerland is ruled by the elite and ruthless PCO. (Self is riffing on the Public Carriage Office, London's transit authority.) People live according to The Book of Dave, which was recovered after a great flood wiped out London in the MadeinChina era. Flashing back more than 500 years, cabbie Dave Rudman types out his idiosyncratic, misogynist, bile-tinged fantasies while in a fit of antidepressant-induced psychosis and battling over the custody of his child, Carl. His screed becomes both a blueprint for a harsh childrearing climate (mummies and daddies living apart, with the kids splitting time between them) and a full-blown cosmology.
As Self moves between eras, he divides the book between Dave's story and the story of the great Flying (slang in the future for "heresy"). The latter involves the appearance of the Geezer (prophet) on the island of Ham (Hampshire) in 508 A.D. (after the "purported discovery of the Book of Dave"), who claims to have found a second Book of Dave annulling the "tiresome strictures" of the first. He is imprisoned by the PCO and mangled beyond recognition, but, 14 years later, his son, Carl Davish, travels from Ham to New London, determined to create a less cruel world that responds to the "mummyself" within. Self's invention of a future language (including dialect Mokni, which combines cabby slang, cockney and the Esperanto of graffiti – and, yes, a dictionary is provided) is wickedly brilliant, with surprising moments of childlike purity punctuating the lexicon's crude surface (a "fuckoffgaff" is a "lawyerly place," while "wooly" means sheep). Self is endlessly talented, and in crossbreeding a fantasy novel with a scorching satire of contemporary mores, he's created a beautiful monster of the future that feeds on the neurotic present – and its parents.
From Booklist
[Starred Review] This searing satire maps the unraveling of London cabbie Dave Rudman's life – and the resulting Book of Dave he prints on metal pages and buries in his former backyard after his ex-wife cuts off visitations with his son. Meanwhile, sometime in the twenty-sixth century or beyond (dating of the period is pegged to "the purported discovery of The Book of Dave"), England has entered a second Dark Age; the country, now called Ing, is broken apart by rising seas and spiritually bankrupted by the twisted teachings of Dave, which mix mad misogynistic dictates with the legendary knowledge of London streets ("the runs and the points") that the city's cabdrivers must internalize. On the former heights of Hampstead, now known as the isle of Ham, villagers live side by side with the gentle motos – walrus-like creatures who talk like lisping human children, products of twenty-first-century genetic engineering.
As present-day Rudman slowly reclaims his life, the future sons of Ham seek out Dave's rumored second book – the one recanting his earlier ravings and giving mummies and daddies permission to love each other again. But as Dave's ex prophetically muses, "everyday life was made up of a series of small botched actions, which, although instantly forgotten, nonetheless ruined everything." This is as rousing an indictment of organized religion – and especially fundamentalism – as readers are likely to encounter in the post-9/11 canon. (Frank Sennett)
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Will's Latest Book
Will Self's latest book Will is published in hardback by Viking on 14 November 2019.
You can pre-order at Amazon.co.uk.
Will's Previous Books
More info Amazon.co.uk
will-self.com is the official website for British novelist and journalist Will Self. The site is managed by Chris Hall and Chris Mitchell.
If you want to get in touch, you can email us at info@will-self.com
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If you have a specific request for Will regarding commissions, book rights etc, you can contact his agent Tracy Bohan at The Wylie Agency, 17 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3JA – www.wylieagency.co.uk
Will's Writing Room
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Will Self's memoir, Will, published
In conversation with Iggy Pop
Will Self in Conversation
Will Self events, winter 2019
Hillingdon Literary Festival talk
Protecting Digital Privacy lecture at Brunel University
WowFest19 keynote speech
This Is Not an Exit: The Fictional World of Bret Easton Ellis
A liberal interpretation
A Point of View: Parity of Esteem
2008 © 2020 · Will Self · All Rights Reserved


Two Q&As explored renewable energy policy of China and the U.S.
Joan's story about Julie Cajune, a Salish Indian educator, brought Cajune to the attention of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation; in early 2010 she received a $1.4 million grant to continue bringing her work in American Indian history and culture to a mass audience. She also was named by Utne magazine as one of 50 visionaries changing our world.
"Divining the Secret of Deformed Roadkill" was listed as recommended reading in the Idea of the Day blog of The New York Times in 2009 and a story on climate change scientists was cited in the Opinionator.
Fellow Metcalf Institute for Marine and Environmental Reporting Seminar April 2010.


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text:
Q: T-SQL Divide value across rows I have the following columns and data in table:
PeriodID Days
1        NULL
2        NULL
3        NULL
4        NULL
5        NULL

Then I have days that should divide across the rows as follows:

*

*If Days < 5 (for example 2) I will have:
PeriodID Days
1        NULL
2        NULL
3        NULL
4        1
5        1

*If days >= 5 and days%5=0 (for example 5) I will have:
PeriodID Days
1        1
2        1
3        1
4        1
5        1

*If days > 5 and days%5!=0 (for example 12) I will have:
PeriodID Days
1        3
2        3
3        2
4        2
5        2

I am able doing this with loops, and I hope for better solution using some smart technique or T-SQL function. Thanks in advance.

A: This should do it for you:
DECLARE @numDays int
SET @numDays = 12

UPDATE someTable
SET Days = CASE WHEN @numDays < 5
                  THEN CASE WHEN @numDays >= 6 - PeriodId THEN 1 ELSE NULL END
                ELSE FLOOR((@numDays + 5 - PeriodId) / 5)
           END

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Seventh Son () on IMDb: Plot summary, synopsis, and more.
Critics Consensus: Seventh Son squanders an excellent cast and some strange storyline . February 7, | Rating: /4 | Full Review.
One doesn't want to damn the movie with faint praise by saying "it's not that bad," but that's kind of the most objectively accurate description of it.
PLOT SUMMARY The film opens in flashback format where we see the witch/ queen Mother Malkin being imprisoned in a deep hole high atop a.
Gregory then seeks out Tom Ward, the seventh son of a seventh son, on a local farmstead, and recruits him as his newest apprentice. Before.


text:
Marshawn Lynch Endures Patronizing Lectures About Voting From Bill Maher And Barney Frank
Gabe Fernandez
Filed to:Marshawn Lynch
Marshawn Lynch appeared as a guest on HBO's Real Time With Bill Maher to talk about his entrepreneurship work in theory, but ended up discussing a whole other wide range of topics instead. He answered questions about topics like Colin Kaepernick not getting signed and smoking weed, and he also gave a compelling response to what Donald Trump tweeted about him.
That motherfucker say a lot of shit. But, at the end of the day, you call me unpatriotic but, I mean, you come to my neighborhood where I'm from and you'll see me take the shirt off my back and give to someone in less need. I mean, what would you call that?
Lynch is referring to the community work he has done over his career with various communities around the United States, with a particular focus on his hometown of Oakland. Later on in the interview, he says that his work extends to combatting gentrification in his neighborhood by buying up real estate in the area with his earnings in an effort to provide housing for those who need it.
But, given that Real Time is a comedy show that focuses on politics, the conversation soon turned to the hellworld we currently live in. In the "Overtime" segment that's posted on YouTube, Maher asked Lynch who he voted for around the 6:30 mark. The running back replied that he didn't vote, and all the goodwill he had built up by confirming he lit a blunt off of Al Davis's eternal flame seemed to vanish.
Lynch tried to explain to the panel that he was more interested in hands-on community service from his end, that the services that people supposedly vote for don't reach the communities he visits and that most politicians he's met with are looking for a paycheck in return for his help. But, both Maher and former Rep. Barney Frank went straight to the pearl-clutching with the news instead. Maher, after telling Lynch that not voting was "not right," attempted to use former Republican governor of Ohio John Kasich expanding medicaid in his state as an example of the good that can come from voting. Frank went for anecdotal evidence of good legislators in California, and Oakland, that Lynch should have voted for.
Given the context of Lynch's arguments of not voting, the whole thing was pretty patronizing. The most telling example of the running back's argument falling on deaf ears came at the end segment with the following exchange:
Frank: "Don't you want to encourage the good [politicians]? Some are bad, but you've had, again, in Oakland some outstanding people who are community rooted. Don't you want to encourage them?"
Lynch: "You saying some of them are good and some of them are bad, but the same conditions in which Oakland was in back then, they still in the same situations now."
Frank: "But they're trying to make it better and if there were more of them they could succeed."
Lynch: "Well where they at then?"
Maher then goes on to talk about all the improvement that California has gone through over the years from the period of Gov. Jerry Brown onwards. But, just like with Frank, the statement shows that he's not listening to Lynch either. Lynch is putting himself in the role of a community leader because he sees firsthand what people in his community are going through and what they are lacking. He even admits himself that his work isn't necessarily sustainable but he sees it as better than nothing. Rather than explore the reasoning behind what he does, Frank and Maher offer solutions from the perspective of people who don't know what it's like to grow up where Lynch did. Luckily, Lynch is an NFL veteran, so it's not like he hasn't dealt with this dynamic before.
h/t Well Placed Rocket
Trump Tweets About Marshawn Lynch Sitting For The Anthem; I Can't Believe We're Still Doing This
The Raiders Had First-And-Goal At The 1 And Didn't Give It To Marshawn Lynch
Marshawn Lynch Puts Both Teams On His Back For The First Touchdown Of The Gruden Era


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The African tree Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J. Léonard (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) is a hermaphrodite rainforest species distributed from Cameroon to Gabon (Fougère-Danezan et al., 2007; Tosso et al., 2015). Known as "bubinga" or "kevazingo," it has high commercial and social value but is under significant threat due to illegal logging. The genus Guibourtia Benn. includes 13 African species distributed from Senegal to Mozambique in forest or savannah habitats. The genus was divided by Léonard (1949) into three main subgenera: (i) Pseudocopaiva: G. tessmannii, G. pellegriniana J. Léonard, G. coleosperma (Benth.) J. Léonard, G. leonensis J. Léonard; (ii) Guibourtia: G. carrissoana (M. A. Exell) J. Léonard, G. copallifera Benn., G. demeusei (Harms) J. Léonard, G. sousae J. Léonard; and (iii) Gorskia: G. arnoldiana (De Wild. & T. Durand) J. Léonard, G. conjugata (Bolle) J. Léonard, G. dinklagei (Harms) J. Léonard, G. ehie (A. Chev.) J. Léonard, G. schliebenii (Harms) J. Léonard. We developed polymorphic microsatellite markers for G. tessmannii and tested them on nine African congeneric species to verify species delimitation and document population genetic structure and gene flow patterns. Because microsatellite typing suggested that some species were polyploid, we used flow cytometry to compare the ploidy levels of two related species for which appropriate fresh material was available.
Microsatellite development—We extracted total DNA from 30 mg of dry leaf of G. tessmannii (FT0001; Appendix 1) using a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method (Fu et al., 2005). We prepared a nonenriched DNA genomic library, following Mariac et al. (2014), and generated 150-bp-long paired-end reads on an Illumina MiSeq platform (San Diego, California, USA). We assembled the resulting 78,279 reads by pair with PANDAseq (Masella et al., 2012). Using the software QDD (Meglécz et al., 2014), we detected 2483 microsatellite loci. Of these, 149 had at least eight repeats and flanking regions appropriate to define pairs of PCR primers. We developed primers for 48 loci with at least eight di-, tri-, or tetranucleotide repeats and primer regions at least 20 bp distant from the microsatellite region. We added one of four possible linkers (Q1–Q4; Micheneau et al., 2011) to the 5′ end of the forward primer of each locus to label PCR products with fluorochromes FAM, NED, VIC, and PET (Table 1).
We tested 48 primer pairs using two samples of G. tessmannii (FT0002 and FT0003 ; Appendix 1). PCR reactions (total volume of 15 µL) used 1.5 µL of buffer (10×), 0.6 µL MgCl2 (25 mM), 0.45 µL dNTPs (10 mM each), 0.3 µL of each primer (0.2 µM), 0.08 µL TopTaq DNA Polymerase (5 U/µL; QIAGEN, Venlo, The Netherlands), 1.5 µL of Coral Load, 1 µL of template DNA (of ca. 10– 50 ng/µL), and 9.27 µL of water. PCR conditions were: 94°C (4 min); 30 cycles of 94°C (30 s), 55°C (45 s), and 72°C (1 min); and a final extension at 72°C (10 min). We visualized PCR products stained with SYBR Safe (Invitrogen, Merelbeke, Belgium) on a 1% agarose gel. Forty-two loci amplified consistently.
We assessed polymorphism on seven G. tessmannii individuals from Cameroon and Gabon (Appendix 1). We used fluorescent labeling by PCR amplification in a total volume of 15 µL, combining 0.15 µL of the reverse and 0.1 µL of the forward (0.2 µM for both) microsatellite primers, 0.15 µL of Q1–Q4 labeled primers (0.2 µM each), 3 µL of Type-it Microsatellite PCR Kit (QIAGEN), H2O, and 1 µL of DNA. PCR conditions were: 5-min initial denaturation at 95°C; followed by 30 cycles of (95°C for 30 s, 60°C for 90 s, 72°C for 1 min) and 10 cycles of (95°C for 30s, 55°C for 45 s, 72°C for 60 s, 72°C for 1 min); and a final elongation step at 60°C for 30 min. We mixed 1.1 µL of each PCR product with 12 µL of Hi-Di Formamide (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA) and 0.3 µL of MapMarker 500 labeled with DY-632 (Eurogentec, Seraing, Belgium). The preparation was genotyped on an ABI3730 sequencer (Applied Biosystems, Lennik, The Netherlands).
Characterization of 16 polymorphic and one monomorphic nuclear microsatellite loci isolated from Guibourtia tessmannii.
After excluding loci that did not amplify consistently or were unreadable, we combined 16 polymorphic loci (one locus [R12-Seq43] was monomorphic) in four multiplexed reactions (Table 1) using Multiplex Manager 1.0 software (Holleley and Geerts, 2009). Preliminary population genetic analyses were performed on three populations of G. tessmannii (35–58 individuals per population; Table 2 and Appendix 1). Multiplexed PCRs were as above except that 3 µL of the 5× Q-solution of the Type-it Microsatellite PCR Kit was added. The individuals of G. tessmannii studied revealed a high degree of polymorphism, with more than two alleles per individual, suggesting a polyploid genome (Table 2).
Microsatellite marker data analysis in G. tessmannii and G. coleosperma— The three populations of G. tessmannii (Table 2 and Appendix 1) had three to 14 alleles per locus (mean 8.94 alleles per locus, Table 2). Single-locus genotypes had one to eight alleles (2.35 ± 0.94 alleles per locus) and no fixed heterozygosity, suggesting an autopolyploid.
For G. coleosperma, the diploid species in which cross-amplification was the most successful (see below), we considered two populations (Table 2). For each of the 10 amplifıable loci, we calculated allele size range, number of alleles (A) per locus, observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficient (F), and null allele frequency (r) with INEst 1.0 (Chybicki and Burczyk, 2009). Deviation from Hardy—Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was tested for each locus with SPAGeDi (Hardy and Vekemans, 2002). Loci exhibited one to 14 alleles (mean 4.5) with Ho (mean ± SE) of 0.28 ± 0.09 and He of 0.41 ± 0.11 for the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) population and one to 10 alleles (mean 3.67) with Ho of 0.17 ± 0.05 and He of 0.36 ± 0.10 for the Namibia population. Significant deviation from HWE was observed in at least one population for four primer pairs. Loci R12-Seq20 and R12-Seq22 for the DRC population exhibited a significant deficit of heterozygotes due to the presence of null alleles (Table 2).
Flow cytometry—We used flow cytometry to confirm the ploidy level of G. tessmannii and compare its genome size with G. coleosperma. We used fresh material from seeds collected in central Gabon (G. tessmannii) and northern Namibia (G. coleosperma) (Appendix 1). From 1 cm2 pieces of fresh leaves, we obtained suspensions of leaf cell nuclei by chopping them in a buffer solution using the CyStain UV Precise P Kit (Partec GmbH, Münster, Germany) with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dilactate). We ran samples with Ploidy Analyser equipment (Partee GmbH). We used tomato as an internal standard (Solanum lycopersicum L. "Montfavet 63-5″ [2C = 1.99 pg, 40.0% GC; Marie and Brown, 1993]). Under the assumption that the GC content of our samples and the standard were similar, the genome size of G. coleosperma ranged from 3.20 to 3.70 pg (N = 3) and G. tessmannii from 11.87 to 15.78 pg (N = 3). Although these estimates should be considered with caution in the absence of information on the GC content, the genome size of G. tessmannii is nearly four times larger than that of G. coleosperma. Because the latter species displays microsatellite profiles typical of diploids, the flow cytometry results confirm that G. tessmannii is an octoploid species.
Results of initial primer screening of 17 nuclear microsatellite loci developed in Guibourtia tessmannii (three populations) and 10 that cross-amplified in G. coleosperma (two populations).
Cross-amplification in congeneric species and ploidy determination— Among the 17 loci selected from G. tessmannii, a majority successfully amplified in two other species from the subgenus Pseudocopaiva (Table 3). Less than six loci amplified in the other species, most of which belong to other subgenera (Table 3). In G. pellegriniana, all loci were polymorphic and the genotypes showed up to eight alleles per individual and locus, suggesting an octoploid genome. By contrast, in the other species individuals did not display more than two alleles per locus, suggesting diploid genomes.
We developed 16 polymorphic microsatellite markers in G. tessmannii that amplified to varying degrees in nine congeneric species. The microsatellites and flow cytometry results showed for the first time that the genus Guibourtia includes diploid and polyploid species. These markers will be useful to assess the mating system and genetic structure of Guibourtia species.
Results of cross-amplification (allele size ranges) of microsatellite loci isolated from Guibourtia tessmannii and tested in nine additional taxa.
The authors thank the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et l'Agriculture (FRIA, Belgium), the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS, grant T.0163.13), and Belgian Science Policy (project AFRIFORD) for financial support. They also acknowledge CEB Precious Woods, Wijma Cameroun SA, and Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique (CENAREST) for technical and logistical support during sampling, and Bérengère Doucet, Toussaint Abessolo, and Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev for their help.


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First Thoughts: 'The Angry Birds Movie' Trailer
Why isn't this called Angry Birds? Why does it have to be The ANGRY BIRDS Movie? Do they think we can't remember how played out this game is?
I think the general consensus for this film (so far) falls into two categories: false hope, and badly placed false hope. Some people will watch this trailer with wildly low expectations and walk away from it impressed that it isn't "as bad" as they thought it would be.
Then there's the badly placed false hope camp, which is full of people who will consider this movie a success if it manages to be better than the scores of terrible video game movies that include the likes of Super Mario Bros. and, to be more relevant, this year's Hitman failure.
But that's grading The Angry Birds Movie trailer (and the eventual movie itself) on a really strange curve. It's not really a movie based on a video game, after all. In fact, it's not really live-action. Actually, this movie is based on characters that happen to look like the ones you saw on a mobile game that was popular five years ago.
That said, it's also hard to compare The Angry Birds Movie with movies like the new Peanuts coming out soon, or a hybrid of animation like Garfield and The Smurfs. Those movies were made to capitalize on your nostalgia, and I don't think it's accurate to consider a touch screen game you played for a few weeks in 2010 something as classic and fondly remembered as the Charlie Brown gang.
Look, I'll give the studio some credit for taking its time with this movie. They could have easily churned out a shameless cash-grab like the Grumpy Cat disaster that Lifetime thought would be a hit. Instead, we're seeing what already looks like a pretty gorgeous sequel to Rio with some decent animation. If only that movie didn't already have a sequel.
Plus, I find it intentionally self-deprecating to choose "Bad" by Michael Jackson to be the song for a movie everyone is expecting to hate. That takes guts.
If I'm just judging this trailer by its merits, then my only real problem is how they've chosen to adapt these characters. True, the game doesn't give us much to go on, but that doesn't mean Hollywood needed to transplant these somewhat familiar birds into character roles we've already seen a million times before.
They've just made the lead, straight, white guy a red bird with legs, essentially. That's good enough for younger kids, to be sure, but probably not a lot of the older people who also loved the game.
Eventually, we'll see if the jokes are at least funny, but nothing from this trailer gave me a chuckle. That drawn out scene where we see the red bird slowly building his anger to tackle a sign actually alluded to some interesting character development, but I don't think it really works as comedy.
Good comedy is when something surprises you and messes with your expectations. But in this case, anyone could guess the joke a full 20 seconds before the punchline.
But I don't hate where the movie is going, at least not yet. If they can find a way to make the pigs as eccentrically evil as they were portrayed in the game and actually give us some chaos to sit through, then The Angry Birds Movie could surprise us all. Now that would be a good punchline.
Also, I can't help but laugh at the fact that Josh Gad and Peter Dinklage are doing ANOTHER movie adaptation of a video game, but with their voices instead of Adam Sandler. What a time to be alive.
I'm Jon and thanks for reading this. You can subscribe to my posts by clicking "Follow" in the right sidebar. Or just say hey on Twitter! @JonNegroni
9 thoughts on "First Thoughts: 'The Angry Birds Movie' Trailer"
I have some problems with this movie.
One, how the birds are portrayed. Red seems to be a grumpy guy with anger management issues. Chuck is a real show-off. And Bomb is the layed back guy who just happens to be able to explode.
Second problem: The birds TALK. I don't really know if I like that.
The rest you already mentioned. Bad comedy, mystery storyline. This movies gonna be a bust.
Jon, what would you say are the TWO WORST video game movies, and then the TWO BEST??
Stooky Sauce
There are good ones?
The Best (or least horrible) are the Original Mortal Kombat movie and I don't know. None of the video game adaptations went above 50% on Rotten Tomatoes
I really hope this movie does bad so they don't make one about the star wars version of angry birds…
The Angry Birds Movie looks like it will SUCK!!!!
My expectation is that it will be one of the worst movies of the year, probably decade. They could LEGO Movie their way into being good, but with a trailer like that, Angry Birds Movie looks like it will make this year's Fantastic Four look like The Winter Soldier (The Best MCU movie in my opinion).
I guess I'm in the first group, but I'm a bit more optimistic.
The trailer was a lot better then I thought it would be, and like you said, it could surprise.
I guess it's good to be optimistic.
Unless it's about this movie. It's going DOWN.
Qu33n
I'm in the 2nd group, Usually not optimistic. But I think this is gonna be one of those movies I take my 5 yr. old cousin to, which he'll love for a month, I won't like. I think it'll be an ok movie, not Frozen popular, but like Lego Movie popular. Its going to be popular and get a few toys made, maybe even a video game, but more based on the movie. Kids will love for 1 or 2 months and it'll be over. It's most likely gonna get a sequel that no one's going to bother going to see.


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Q: p:selectBooleanButton DENTRO DE p:tab JSF PRIMFACES (me da error, no me sale la acción de pulsar el botón) Tengo el siguiente codigo metido dentro de un p:tab, el caso es que si lo saco del p:tab si me funciona pero dentro de el no. Llevo bastante rato y no consigo nada.

A: Arreglado, me estaba dando un problema con la clase col-sm-12, no entiendo el porqué, pero haciendo prueba y error quitando código descubrí que era con eso la única forma que fallaba.


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85th Street – Forest Parkway – stacja metra nowojorskiego, na linii J. Znajduje się w dzielnicy Queens, w Nowym Jorku i zlokalizowana jest pomiędzy stacjami Woodhaven Boulevard i 75th Street – Elderts Lane. Została otwarta 11 czerwca 1917.

Linki zewnętrzne

Przypisy

Stacje metra w Queens

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: the image processing takes a very long time and cause the application not responding for a while I use this method to process the image, but if it contains high-resolution images, more than 1000 x 1000 pixels, the image processing takes a very long time and cause the application not responding for a while, how to overcome it.
when processing high resolution images always appear Not Responding messages as in the picture.
type
   TRGBArray = array[0..0] of TRGBTriple;
   pRGBArray = ^TRGBArray;

var
   ARL, ALL, AOL : pRGBarray;
   TOGfx, TRGfx, TLGfx : TBitmap;

procedure TFZN.GfXColorProcessor;
var
   X, Y : integer;
begin
   TOGfx.Assign(TRGfx);
for Y := 0 to TRGfx.Height - 1 do
begin
   ARL := TOGfx.Scanline[Y];
   AOL := TLGfx.Scanline[Y];
//-------------------------
for x := 0 to TRGfx.Width - 1 do
begin
   ARL[x].RGBtRed := AOL[X].RGBtRed;
   IBG.Picture.bitmap.Assign(TOGfx);
end;

end;

end;

A: You should go with ScanLine(), as TLama suggested, and if it still takes long period to process the image, you can make the code threaded and continue the normal flow of application, or show a progress bar and force the user to wait. Keep in mind that playing with VCL controls outside of main thread isn't thread safe, so it's probably best to show some kind of notification to user that he should wait for processing to be finished.
Here is sample code of simple thread that does processing:
unit uImageProcessingThread;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics;

type
  TImageProcessingThread = class(TThread)
  private
    FBitmap: TBitmap;

  protected
    procedure Execute; override;

  public
    constructor Create(const ABitmap: TBitmap);

  end;

implementation

constructor TImageProcessingThread.Create(const ABitmap: TBitmap);
begin
  inherited Create(TRUE);

  FBitmap := ABitmap;
end;

procedure TImageProcessingThread.Execute;
var
  GC  : LongInt;
  H, W: Integer;
begin
  for H := 0 to FBitmap.Height do
  begin
    for W := 0 to FBitmap.Width do
    begin
      GC := ColorToRGB(FBitmap.Canvas.Pixels[W, H]);
      FBitmap.Canvas.Pixels[W, H] := RGB(GC, GC, GC);
    end;
  end;
end;

end.

A: There are couple flaws in your GfxColorProcessor() procedure:
1) It is bad practice to declare variables as global if it's not needed. ARL and AOL should be declared inside procedure. Do you use ALL variable? If not, there is no need for it to be declared. I'm not sure about TOGfx and TLGfx variables, but if you use them only inside GfxColorProcessor() procedure, then you should declare them inside that procedure as well.
2) You're risking access violation if TLGfx bitmap has smaller height or width than TRGfx one, since you would try to ScanLine[] the line number that doesn't exist or write out of range in ARL buffer.
3) Main bottleneck in your procedure is IBG.Picture.bitmap.Assign(TOGfx); line. You should execute it after processing, not during processing. By doing this, you would call IBG.Assign() only once, instead over 1.000.000 times (X*Y).
So, your procedure should look like this. I'm assuming you want to assign TLGfx pixels red value to TRGfx ones, and then assign the new image to IBG bitmap, while leaving TRGfx and TLGfx untouched:
type
  TRGBArray = array[0..0] of TRGBTriple;
  PRGBArray = ^TRGBArray;

var
  TRGfx, TLGfx: TBitmap;

procedure TFZN.GfXColorProcessor;
var
  X, Y    : Integer;
  ARL, AOL: PRGBArray;
  tmp     : TBitmap;
begin
  Assert((TRGfx.Width = TLGfx.Width) and (TRGfx.Height = TLGfx.Height),
         'Image sizes are not equal!');

  tmp := TBitmap.Create;
  try
    tmp.Assign(TRGfx);
    for Y := 0 to tmp.Height - 1 do
    begin
      ARL := tmp.ScanLine[Y];
      AOL := TLGfx.ScanLine[Y];

      for X := 0 to tmp.Width - 1 do
        ARL[X].rgbtRed := AOL[X].rgbtRed;
    end;

    IBG.Picture.Bitmap.Assign(tmp);
  finally
    tmp.Free;
  end;
end;

A: A very simple approach to fix this problem is to call Application.ProcessMessages inside your loops. This method will let windows to process all the messages still pending and then return to your code.
During the message processing, events will be fired, for isntance, clicks will happen. One of those clicks may happen on a button used to set a variable that indicates that the process should be aborted.
I hope this helps.


text:
Q: Sums Of Independent Random Variables: Pathological Behaviour Background:
The result of a chess  game between two players is a win ,a loss or a  draw which are (usually) scored respectively  $1$ point, $0$ point or $0.5$ point for the appropriate player. Team  matches, between two teams, are played in which each team's  score is the sum of the  scores of their players.
National and international chess rating systems periodically (typically monthly, six monthly or annually) assign to individual players a rating based on their (recent)  games. The difference in the ratings between two players gives a prediction of the expected  score  of each player in a single game.  For example in the English Chess Federation (ECF) system a rating point difference of $20$ points predicts the expected score of the weaker player is $0.3$ and that of the stronger player is $0.7$. Similarly for a $40$ point rating difference the expected scores are $0.1$ and $0.9$. In the ECF system when rating point differences are more than $40$ points special rules apply.
For (typical)  illustration in an individual game with a $20$ point rating difference the probabilities of loss , draw or win  for the weaker player are  respectively:  $0.7-x$, $2x$, $0.3-x$  where $0 \le x \le 0.3$, $x$ is unknowable and the application of a current $20$ point difference to a specific game is questionable. However $x = 0$ corresponds to the maximum  variance case  and $x=0.3$ corresponds to the minimum variance case.
This problem has its origins in the  London (UK)  Chess  League ,Division 1 where teams have $12$ players  each.  In that case , if teams differ by $20$ points on average the expected score is $8.4:3.6$. In the London League there is often more than one team from the same club in the same Division.
Thus assuming normality for the match score,  bounds for the probability of extreme events, such as the weaker side at least drawing the match,  can be made in the obvious way . Simulation can be used  to check normality or directly to obtain probabilities. Chebyshev's theorem may also be useful.
My question
My question concerns the non-normal  case and asks for pathological examples (if any) with rating point differences less than $40$ points where the probability of  an extreme team event (say the probability of the weaker side winning)  is not bounded by  those obtained from the minimum and maximum variance cases defined in the obvious way. Generalisations might also be interesting.

A: The average score difference does not suffice to predict the probability of the outcome. Suppose all players in team A are of equal strength, while all but one player in team B are somewhat stronger then the players of team A, but one player is a lot weaker. Then team B will win most of the first 11 games, and lose the last one. So you can arrange the scores in such a way that team B will most likely win close to 11:1, yet the average score of team A is higher then the average score of team B.

A: For teams of 1, n=1, the results are trivial.
For n=2, and each match having an expected score for the weaker side of 0.3, elementary probability and contour maps  can be used to illustrate that :
(I) the probability of the weaker side at least drawing is maximised if both x's are 0,
(II)the probability of the weaker side scoring at least 1.5 is maximised if one x is 0 and the other is 0.3.
I know nothing about higher n, except n=12, when I suspect, in all practical cases,
x(1)...x(12) equal zero: the "go for it" solution. In this seasons London League there are three "Drunken Knights" teams
In any event, I still believe and hope that the general n behaviour is an appropriate question for this site.


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