text:
[![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url] [![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-url] [![Coveralls Status][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url] [![Downloads][downloads-image]][npm-url]

A library of string validators and sanitizers.

### Server-side usage

Install the library with `npm install validator`

```javascript
var validator = require('validator');

validator.isEmail('foo@bar.com'); //=> true
```

#### ES6

```javascript
import validator from 'validator';
```

Or, import only a subset of the library:

```javascript
import isEmail from 'validator/lib/isEmail';
```

### Client-side usage

The library can be loaded either as a standalone script, or through an [AMD][amd]-compatible loader

```html
<script type="text/javascript" src="validator.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
  validator.isEmail('foo@bar.com'); //=> true
</script>
```

The library can also be installed through [bower][bower]

```bash
$ bower install validator-js
```

### Strings only

**This library validates and sanitizes strings only.**

If you're not sure if your input is a string, coerce it using `input + ''`.
Passing anything other than a string is an error.

### Validators

- **contains(str, seed)** - check if the string contains the seed.
- **equals(str, comparison)** - check if the string matches the comparison.
- **isAfter(str [, date])** - check if the string is a date that's after the specified date (defaults to now).
- **isAlpha(str [, locale])** - check if the string contains only letters (a-zA-Z). Locale is one of `['ar', 'ar-AE', 'ar-BH', 'ar-DZ', 'ar-EG', 'ar-IQ', 'ar-JO', 'ar-KW', 'ar-LB', 'ar-LY', 'ar-MA', 'ar-QA', 'ar-QM', 'ar-SA', 'ar-SD', 'ar-SY', 'ar-TN', 'ar-YE', 'cs-CZ', 'de-DE', 'en-AU', 'en-GB', 'en-HK', 'en-IN', 'en-NZ', 'en-US', 'en-ZA', 'en-ZM', 'es-ES', 'fr-FR', 'hu-HU', 'nl-NL', 'pl-PL', 'pt-PT', 'ru-RU', 'tr-TR']`) and defaults to `en-US`.
- **isAlphanumeric(str [, locale])** - check if the string contains only letters and numbers. Locale is one of `['ar', 'ar-AE', 'ar-BH', 'ar-DZ', 'ar-EG', 'ar-IQ', 'ar-JO', 'ar-KW', 'ar-LB', 'ar-LY', 'ar-MA', 'ar-QA', 'ar-QM', 'ar-SA', 'ar-SD', 'ar-SY', 'ar-TN', 'ar-YE', 'cs-CZ', 'de-DE', 'en-AU', 'en-GB', 'en-HK', 'en-IN', 'en-NZ', 'en-US', 'en-ZA', 'en-ZM', 'es-ES', 'fr-FR', 'hu-HU', 'nl-NL', 'pl-PL', 'pt-PT', 'ru-RU', 'tr-TR']`) and defaults to `en-US`.
- **isAscii(str)** - check if the string contains ASCII chars only.
- **isBase64(str)** - check if a string is base64 encoded.
- **isBefore(str [, date])** - check if the string is a date that's before the specified date.
- **isBoolean(str)** - check if a string is a boolean.
- **isByteLength(str, options)** - check if the string's length (in bytes) falls in a range.`options` is an object which defaults to `{min:0, max: undefined}`.
- **isCreditCard(str)** - check if the string is a credit card.
- **isCurrency(str, options)** - check if the string is a valid currency amount. `options` is an object which defaults to `{symbol: '$', require_symbol: false, allow_space_after_symbol: false, symbol_after_digits: false, allow_negatives: true, parens_for_negatives: false, negative_sign_before_digits: false, negative_sign_after_digits: false, allow_negative_sign_placeholder: false, thousands_separator: ',', decimal_separator: '.', allow_space_after_digits: false }`.
- **isDataURI(str)** - check if the string is a [data uri format](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/data_URIs).
- **isDate(str)** - check if the string is a date.
- **isDecimal(str)** - check if the string represents a decimal number, such as 0.1, .3, 1.1, 1.00003, 4.0, etc.
- **isDivisibleBy(str, number)** - check if the string is a number that's divisible by another.
- **isEmail(str [, options])** - check if the string is an email. `options` is an object which defaults to `{ allow_display_name: false, allow_utf8_local_part: true, require_tld: true }`. If `allow_display_name` is set to true, the validator will also match `Display Name <email-address>`. If `allow_utf8_local_part` is set to false, the validator will not allow any non-English UTF8 character in email address' local part. If `require_tld` is set to false, e-mail addresses without having TLD in their domain will also be matched.
- **isFQDN(str [, options])** - check if the string is a fully qualified domain name (e.g. domain.com). `options` is an object which defaults to `{ require_tld: true, allow_underscores: false, allow_trailing_dot: false }`.
- **isFloat(str [, options])** - check if the string is a float. `options` is an object which can contain the keys `min` and/or `max` to validate the float is within boundaries (e.g. `{ min: 7.22, max: 9.55 }`).
- **isFullWidth(str)** - check if the string contains any full-width chars.
- **isHalfWidth(str)** - check if the string contains any half-width chars.
- **isHexColor(str)** - check if the string is a hexadecimal color.
- **isHexadecimal(str)** - check if the string is a hexadecimal number.
- **isIP(str [, version])** - check if the string is an IP (version 4 or 6).
- **isISBN(str [, version])** - check if the string is an ISBN (version 10 or 13).
- **isISIN(str)** - check if the string is an [ISIN][ISIN] (stock/security identifier).
- **isISO8601(str)** - check if the string is a valid [ISO 8601](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601) date.
- **isIn(str, values)** - check if the string is in a array of allowed values.
- **isInt(str [, options])** - check if the string is an integer. `options` is an object which can contain the keys `min` and/or `max` to check the integer is within boundaries (e.g. `{ min: 10, max: 99 }`). `options` can also contain the key `allow_leading_zeroes`, which when set to true will accept integer values with leading zeroes (e.g. `{ allow_leading_zeroes: true }`).
- **isJSON(str)** - check if the string is valid JSON (note: uses JSON.parse).
- **isLength(str, options)** - check if the string's length falls in a range. `options` is an object which defaults to `{min:0, max: undefined}`. Note: this function takes into account surrogate pairs.
- **isLowercase(str)** - check if the string is lowercase.
- **isMACAddress(str)** - check if the string is a MAC address.
- **isMobilePhone(str, locale)** - check if the string is a mobile phone number, (locale is one of `['ar-DZ', 'ar-SY', 'cs-CZ', 'de-DE', 'da-DK', 'el-GR', 'en-AU', 'en-GB', 'en-HK', 'en-IN', 'en-NZ', 'en-US', 'en-CA', 'en-ZA', 'en-ZM', 'es-ES', 'fi-FI', 'fr-FR', 'hu-HU', 'ms-MY', 'nb-NO', 'nn-NO', 'pl-PL', 'pt-PT', 'ru-RU', 'tr-TR', 'vi-VN', 'zh-CN', 'zh-TW']`).
- **isMongoId(str)** - check if the string is a valid hex-encoded representation of a [MongoDB ObjectId][mongoid].
- **isMultibyte(str)** - check if the string contains one or more multibyte chars.
- **isNull(str)** - check if the string is null (has a length of zero).
- **isNumeric(str)** - check if the string contains only numbers.
- **isSurrogatePair(str)** - check if the string contains any surrogate pairs chars.
- **isURL(str [, options])** - check if the string is an URL. `options` is an object which defaults to `{ protocols: ['http','https','ftp'], require_tld: true, require_protocol: false, require_valid_protocol: true, allow_underscores: false, host_whitelist: false, host_blacklist: false, allow_trailing_dot: false, allow_protocol_relative_urls: false }`.
- **isUUID(str [, version])** - check if the string is a UUID (version 3, 4 or 5).
- **isUppercase(str)** - check if the string is uppercase.
- **isVariableWidth(str)** - check if the string contains a mixture of full and half-width chars.
- **isWhitelisted(str, chars)** - checks characters if they appear in the whitelist.
- **matches(str, pattern [, modifiers])** - check if string matches the pattern. Either `matches('foo', /foo/i)` or `matches('foo', 'foo', 'i')`.

### Sanitizers

- **blacklist(input, chars)** - remove characters that appear in the blacklist. The characters are used in a RegExp and so you will need to escape some chars, e.g. `blacklist(input, '\\[\\]')`.
- **escape(input)** - replace `<`, `>`, `&`, `'`, `"` and `/` with HTML entities.
- **unescape(input)** - replaces HTML encoded entities with `<`, `>`, `&`, `'`, `"` and `/`.
- **ltrim(input [, chars])** - trim characters from the left-side of the input.
- **normalizeEmail(email [, options])** - canonicalize an email address. `options` is an object which defaults to `{ lowercase: true, remove_dots: true, remove_extension: true }`. With `lowercase` set to `true`, the local part of the email address is lowercased for all domains; the hostname is always lowercased and the local part of the email address is always lowercased for hosts that are known to be case-insensitive (currently only GMail). Normalization follows special rules for known providers: currently, GMail addresses have dots removed in the local part and are stripped of extensions (e.g. `some.one+extension@gmail.com` becomes `someone@gmail.com`) and all `@googlemail.com` addresses are normalized to `@gmail.com`.
- **rtrim(input [, chars])** - trim characters from the right-side of the input.
- **stripLow(input [, keep_new_lines])** - remove characters with a numerical value < 32 and 127, mostly control characters. If `keep_new_lines` is `true`, newline characters are preserved (`\n` and `\r`, hex `0xA` and `0xD`). Unicode-safe in JavaScript.
- **toBoolean(input [, strict])** - convert the input string to a boolean. Everything except for `'0'`, `'false'` and `''` returns `true`. In strict mode only `'1'` and `'true'` return `true`.
- **toDate(input)** - convert the input string to a date, or `null` if the input is not a date.
- **toFloat(input)** - convert the input string to a float, or `NaN` if the input is not a float.
- **toInt(input [, radix])** - convert the input string to an integer, or `NaN` if the input is not an integer.
- **trim(input [, chars])** - trim characters (whitespace by default) from both sides of the input.
- **whitelist(input, chars)** - remove characters that do not appear in the whitelist. The characters are used in a RegExp and so you will need to escape some chars, e.g. `whitelist(input, '\\[\\]')`.

### XSS Sanitization

XSS sanitization was removed from the library in [2d5d6999](https://github.com/chriso/validator.js/commit/2d5d6999541add350fb396ef02dc42ca3215049e).

For an alternative, have a look at Yahoo's [xss-filters library](https://github.com/yahoo/xss-filters) or at [DOMPurify](https://github.com/cure53/DOMPurify).

### Tests

```sh
$ npm test
```

### Reading

Remember, validating can be troublesome sometimes. See [A list of articles about programming assumptions commonly made that aren't true](https://github.com/jameslk/awesome-falsehoods).

### License (MIT)

```
Copyright (c) 2016 Chris O'Hara <cohara87@gmail.com>

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
```

[downloads-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/dm/validator.svg

[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/validator
[npm-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/v/validator.svg

[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/chriso/validator.js
[travis-image]: http://img.shields.io/travis/chriso/validator.js.svg

[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/chriso/validator.js
[coveralls-image]: http://img.shields.io/coveralls/chriso/validator.js/master.svg

[amd]: http://requirejs.org/docs/whyamd.html
[bower]: http://bower.io/

[mongoid]: http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/object-id/
[ISIN]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number


This paper is about influences of neutral text, false/plausible misleading text, and false/implausible misleading text on response based on eyewitness memory. The experiment was done to indentify if participants who read false/plausible misleading text are more likely take false/plausible answers than participant who read false/implausible misleading text. To do this, 122 psychology major students were recruited. Three different kinds of texts were given to them randomly after watching a robbery clip, and participants read the texts and solved 10 multiple choice questions. As a result, it is showed that basically different text has different impact on how the participants response. Concretely, reading false/plausible text causes more false/plausible responses, and reading false/implausible text let the errors that participants make reduced.
Day by day, people experience so many things. From waking up in the morning to going to bed at night, people see lots of items. Empirically, they know that visual memory is a major part of human memory. This visual memory sometimes can be forgotten, but it is undeniable that people make good use of this memory. Not only in everyday life but also in some professional environments it has been used. For instance, in a research done by Alonzo and Lane (2009), eyewitness which is totally based on visual memory has a major influence on court. However, this kind of memory has usually criticized for inaccuracy and possibility of mistakes. Therefore, it is important to get to know which factors have an effect on the memory.
Someone may believe that their visual memory is quite accurate. However, it is not true. Memory can be false in many cases. Nemeth and Belli (2006) mentioned participants who were exposed to misinformation reminded previous memories wrongly. This false memory is different from forgetting. While forgetting is about losing what people remembered, false memory is about distorted memory. The distorted memory is usually caused by misleading information. Lindsay and Johnson (1989) talked about eyewitness suggestibility. They argued that participants were misled by some misleading information even though they could know what the source was.
Some typical experiments about misleading information were done by Loftus, Burns, and Miller (1978). They did 6 experiments about eyewitness memory. The purpose of those experiments was to know whether other information given after main information have an effect on participants' memory, and if there was an influence, how later information changed their memory. In each experiment, 3 different types of information were given after a specific situation. There were 2 tests which were yes/no and forced-choice recognition test. The authors found that any information that participants got after the situation had an influence on their memory. Especially, they saw that misleading information increased errors that the participants would make.
Plausibility is another important factor about memory experiment. Pezdek, Finger, and Hodge (1997) did 2 researches about the plausibility. They examined that how plausible misinformation affected participants' memory. On the experiment, participants read a few stories that contained true, false/plausible, and false/implausible texts. From the research, the writers concluded that plausibility was significant in whether false memories would be accepted.
From the earlier paragraphs, two things can be known. Firstly, misleading information causes distorted eyewitness memory. Secondly, false and plausible information are more likely to deceive participants. Therefore, this can be assumed that the plausibility of misinformation might be important in whether it causes distorted eyewitness memory. The purpose of this paper is to find if exposing plausible misleading is more likely to lead false memories than exposing implausible misleading information or not.
Firstly, it was supposed that different types of texts given to participants (neutral, plausible misleading, or implausible misleading) after seeing a robbery video have different effects on what they answered. The second hypothesis was that false/plausible text causes more errors when read by participants than false/implausible text. The third one was that participants who read false/implausible text show fewer mistakes when they response compared to participants who read false/plausible text. Finally, it was hypothesis that participants who read implausible text and participants who read neutral text choose false/implausible responses similarly.
Materials needed to this experiment were an instruction sheet, a video clip, 3 different reports, and 10 questions about a robbery. The first material was the instruction sheet. It basically explained about how the experiment would progress. According to circumstances, a consent form could be prepared. The next material was a video approximately 2 minutes long. The video was describing a robbery scene. The third one was 3 different reports that each one had neutral, plausible misleading, and implausible misleading depictions of the clip. The last material consisted of 10 multiple choice questions. Each question had 3 choices, but there was only one correct answer.
The participants were invited in a room. They were about 20 people. The condition about the experiment was randomly assigned. The researchers gave the instruction sheet to the participants and let them read it carefully. Based on the instruction sheet, firstly researchers played the video clip back to participants. Then, the researchers distributed one of 3 different types of reports and said it described the clip. After all participants read the report, they had to answer 10 multiple choice questions that had 3 choices. When all the process finished, the researchers explained about the experiment in detail.
"Differentiated Effects of Neutral, Plausible Misleading, and Implausible Misleading Texts on Eye Witness Memory" OtherPapers.com. 04 2018. 2018. 04 2018 <https://www.otherpapers.com/essay/Differentiated-Effects-of-Neutral-Plausible-Misleading/63925.html>.
"Differentiated Effects of Neutral, Plausible Misleading, and Implausible Misleading Texts on Eye Witness Memory." OtherPapers.com. OtherPapers.com, 04 2018. Web. 04 2018. <https://www.otherpapers.com/essay/Differentiated-Effects-of-Neutral-Plausible-Misleading/63925.html>.
"Differentiated Effects of Neutral, Plausible Misleading, and Implausible Misleading Texts on Eye Witness Memory." OtherPapers.com. 04, 2018. Accessed 04, 2018. https://www.otherpapers.com/essay/Differentiated-Effects-of-Neutral-Plausible-Misleading/63925.html.
Topic: What Methods of Crime Prevention [discussed in the Accompanying Texts] Are Most Likely to Be Effective, and Why?
How Have the Texts You Have Studied This Year Effectively Shaped Your Understanding of the Meaning of 'belonging'?


text:
Q: Compose one image over another I'm a newbie in image processing using Mathematica.
I'd like to compose an image $A$ over an image $B$ into an image C such that
$\quad C[i,j] = B[i,j]$, if $A[i,j]$ is white
$\quad C[i,j] = A[i,j]$, otherwise
It would work if I could do Min on each pixel:
$\quad C[i,j] = \min(A[i,j],B[i,j])$
but Min does not seem to work component-wise.
Perhaps I could turn white in $A$ into transparency and then compose over $B$. How can I do this?

A: The naive method for component-wise Min is
img1 = Import["ExampleData/lena.tif"]
img2 = ColorNegate[img1]

ImageApply[Min /@ Transpose@{##} &, {img1, img2}] // AbsoluteTiming

But it is quite slow. However, one can note that
$$
\min(A,B) = \frac{A}{2}+\frac{B}{2}-\left|\frac{A}{2}-\frac{B}{2}\right|
$$
Therefore, let's try the following
ImageSubtract[ImageAdd[##], ImageDifference[##]] &[
  ImageMultiply[img1, 0.5], ImageMultiply[img2, 0.5]] // AbsoluteTiming

It is much faster!
P.S. It is also faster then ColorSeparate/ColorCombine:
ColorCombine[ImageApply[Min, #] & /@
   Transpose[ColorSeparate /@ {img1, img2}]] // AbsoluteTiming

A: (* Two sample images *)
a = Image[RandomReal[1, {100, 100, 3}]];
b = Image[Array[If[#1 < #2, RandomReal[.5, 3], {1, 1, 1}] &, {100, 100}]];

(* Calculate*)

Timing[
 mask = Binarize[b, {1., 1., 1.} == # &];
 c = ImageAdd[ImageMultiply[a, mask], ImageMultiply[b, ColorNegate@mask]];
 GraphicsRow[{a, b, mask, c}]]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This program has been usefully developed on the Unity game engine to ensure a broad reach of deployment across a number of platforms, an essential requirement for a busy teacher working with a variety of devices and operating systems.
Downloading the program is simple and you are immediately drawn into the programme environment, which is both calming; with the pensive piano background music and exciting; with the breezy cloudy background and a bright colourful collage of some of the screens that can be chosen. The cartoon student reminiscent of a Mario steam punk character in between two bright red shooting rockets gives the user a curious whiff of excitement where you are ready to embark on a new adventure. The start screen provides the user with the opportunity to enter their name or nick name which is saved on the defaults when they come back to another level, the icon also displays the current level beside the name.
Clicking on a squidgy animated button displays the start screen. A good starting point is to bring 'Dennis' up who can help you determine if you are sitting at the keyboard correctly and instruct you on the correct postures and heights. The screen layout is excellent with a selection of six different themes, my favourite was the Chinese scene, each of these have their own unique set of animations that add to the sense of fun and amusement of the game. The keyboard icon at the bottom of the screen is well laid out and colour coordinated for each finger.
The help icon usefully links to the 'typing-fingers.com' web site which is simply but professionally laid out with a comprehensive section on how to use the app and further descriptions on the importance of typing and the structure of the game. The look and feel of the website give you the reassurance that help is not far away with an indication of whether the developers are on line. A further link out to the now customary Facebook page reveals a thriving community users and the developers are keeping information current and interesting.
Overall the app is very good, I would certainly use it to teach my grandchildren the correct keyboarding skills, which, as I have stated before, are essential in this digital age and can give you the edge in the speed and clarity of communication. I would like keyboarding skills to be included in the curriculum and this application should be the one that is used to demonstrate how much fun it can be. I look forward to further games from this educational developer.
Typing Fingers is an app that will teach you how to type the right way on your iPad.


The Supplier Execution Program Integrator (PI) is a direct report to the Program Management Excellence (PMX) Program Planning & Support (PPS) Directorate and matrixed to Tomahawk Maritime Strike Manager (MST) Program Manager. This position will support MST. The MST program supports NAVAIR's need to integrate seeker technology into a Modernized TACTOM missile in order to provide increased long-range Surface Warfare capability to the U.S. Navy.
The Program Integrator (PI) is responsible for direct engagement with the program team and functional partners, in pursuit of day to day program execution; advocating Program Management (PM) plans, processes, and business objectives; the implementation of PM best practices; working directly with the Material Program Manager, and leading a core team of engineers, finance, and planning and functional support personnel to drive the day to day program execution and program battle rhythm of the Suppliers.


Demolition of the Vessel is a task that Midshipmite is been into for a long time. Having clients in the Biggest Ship Demolition countries, India, China and Bangladesh helps us to be formidable in it. Also, we are linked up with companies who provide Delivery of Vessel too so therefore we can take care of everything.


At Nurture and Develop Early Childhood Centre (NDECC) we provoke children to think for themselves and develop an image of themselves as a child rich in potential, strong, powerful and competent. From birth a child has the need and the right to communicate and interact with others. Through energy and curiosity, the child constructs his/her own learning through interaction with peers, adults, objects and symbols. In our atelier (art studio), we have made a space that enables children to encounter, discover different context. It allows them to explore and use a diverse range at materials that can give them endless possibilities to tune their technique. This assists us as educators to see and have a better understanding of the process of how they learn and how they invent the process that allows them to have expressive, cognitive and symbolic freedom that gives them a pathway to communicate with the wider world. NDECC is deeply inspired by the Reggio Emilia approach to preschool and primary education founded by educator Loris Malaguzzi after World War II. The approach is child-centered and uses self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. The program is based on the principles of respect, responsibility, and community through exploration and discovery through a self-guided curriculum. Malaguzzi penned a poem The 100 Languages of Children in which he acknowledged the 'infinite ways that children can express, explore, and connect their thoughts, feelings and imaginings'. The poem illustrates the myriad methods and mediums that children seek out in order to express their ideas, theories, thoughts, feelings, frustrations, discoveries, understanding and knowledge. Of course, these languages are symbolic – but they allude to the key concept of the Reggio Emilia approach – which is that every child has infinite potential to discover, learn and communicate. Children do this in many, many different ways including drawing, playing, painting, writing, sculpting, construction, dance, music, movement, role playing, drama – even reasoning, listening, laughing, crying, hating and loving to name but a few. The possibilities are endless. Our Atelierista, Jennifer Strutt is an award-winning and practising visual artist from Newcastle's famous artmaking duo, The Strutt Sisters. "As the Atelierista at NDECC I am very lucky to be able to introduce very young children to the stimulating world of Visual Art," Jennifer said. "Emphasis is placed on the importance of sport in children's lives but what about their minds? What about feeding the mind and soul as well? "Creative outlets encourage thinking, problem solving, discovery, concentration, fine and gross motor skills, emotional well-being, social skills and feeds the imagination. In the atelier (art studio), as well as free creating opportunities, the children study real art movements and visual artists. "I break everything down into manageable segments as we work through colour, technique, art history and choice of materials particular to the artists we are looking at. The children have become familiar with art terms, colour mixing and correct use of tools." "The children's storytelling of what they have made is inspiring to adults who have forgotten how to wonder and get lost in their own imaginations. Placing finished artworks on the wall in a gallery like environment shows respect for the children's work and gives them a sense of pride in themselves." NDECC strives to provide the environment that enhances endless possibilities as describe by Mallaguzzi.
At Nurture and Develop Early Childhood Centre (NDECC) we provoke children to think for themselves and develop an image of themselves as a child rich in potential, strong, powerful and competent.
STUDENT CENTRED: NDECC seeks to facilitate the myriad methods and mediums that children seek out in order to express themselves and learn.
From birth a child has the need and the right to communicate and interact with others. Through energy and curiosity, the child constructs his/her own learning through interaction with peers, adults, objects and symbols.
In our atelier (art studio), we have made a space that enables children to encounter, discover different context. It allows them to explore and use a diverse range at materials that can give them endless possibilities to tune their technique.
This assists us as educators to see and have a better understanding of the process of how they learn and how they invent the process that allows them to have expressive, cognitive and symbolic freedom that gives them a pathway to communicate with the wider world.
The program is based on the principles of respect, responsibility, and community through exploration and discovery through a self-guided curriculum.
Malaguzzi penned a poem The 100 Languages of Children in which he acknowledged the 'infinite ways that children can express, explore, and connect their thoughts, feelings and imaginings'.
The poem illustrates the myriad methods and mediums that children seek out in order to express their ideas, theories, thoughts, feelings, frustrations, discoveries, understanding and knowledge.
Of course, these languages are symbolic – but they allude to the key concept of the Reggio Emilia approach – which is that every child has infinite potential to discover, learn and communicate.
Children do this in many, many different ways including drawing, playing, painting, writing, sculpting, construction, dance, music, movement, role playing, drama – even reasoning, listening, laughing, crying, hating and loving to name but a few. The possibilities are endless.
Our Atelierista, Jennifer Strutt is an award-winning and practising visual artist from Newcastle's famous artmaking duo, The Strutt Sisters.
"As the Atelierista at NDECC I am very lucky to be able to introduce very young children to the stimulating world of Visual Art," Jennifer said.
"Emphasis is placed on the importance of sport in children's lives but what about their minds? What about feeding the mind and soul as well?
"Creative outlets encourage thinking, problem solving, discovery, concentration, fine and gross motor skills, emotional well-being, social skills and feeds the imagination. In the atelier (art studio), as well as free creating opportunities, the children study real art movements and visual artists.
NDECC strives to provide the environment that enhances endless possibilities as describe by Mallaguzzi.
"This child is a born researcher. I would say that [his] and our searching together for things that we do not know, searching for things that can improve our relations, all this in some way not only produces a marvellous understanding, but I believe it forms the directional axis where intelligence is fuelled, and I would say it increases expansive capacity to relate with things or between things. Therefore, it also produces a capacity of interaction, dialogue, searching for things and relations between things and events which to me seems to be the essence, the massive force of what we call intelligence." Loris Malaguzzi 1993.


The just-completed National Eye Care Workforce Study was designed to help answer critically important questions about how America's eye health needs will be met over the next decade and beyond.
"This is the most ambitious, comprehensive and forward-looking study of eye care supply and demand ever undertaken."
"The results clearly point to a supply of eye doctors—optometrists and ophthalmologists-that is adequate to meet the current and future eye health and vision care needs of the American people," says Steven A. Loomis, O.D., vice president of the AOA. "The study also demonstrates the opportunities for optometry to further expand its role in the delivery of medical eye care services for seniors, working adults and children.
Jennifer Smythe, O.D., M.S., ASCO president says, "While the study offers a snapshot of the workforce at this moment in time, one of the most important aspects of this project is that the Eye Care Workforce computer model will allow for continued analysis of the eye care market as external factors affecting both supply and demand change or other factors are introduced. Workforce studies often generate as many new questions as they answer, and we can see some intriguing new avenues for investigation as we seek to advance optometry's ability to meet the demand for services."
Mitchell T. Munson. O.D., AOA president, says, "Without a doubt, this is the most ambitious, comprehensive and forward-looking study of eye care supply and demand ever undertaken. It fully recognizes both optometrists and ophthalmologists as providers of the eye health and medical services, including diagnosis, treatment and management of an array of diseases and disorders, which will be increasingly needed by Americans in the years to come."


Chemical Guys Torq 10FX DA Machine Polisher Triple Pad and Polish Bundle includes 3 different chemical guys hex logic polishing pads and 3 bottles of menzerna polishes to get you started on your way to perfect paint.
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The Iowa Department of Human Services is back in the spotlight and under much-needed scrutiny since the death of 16-year-old Sabrina Ray on May 12th, 2017.
This case mirrors the high-profile death of Natalie Finn, the teenager who starved to death in foster care on October 24th, 2016. Ray was found unresponsive in the basement of her foster home, and like Finn, she too was homeschooled.
Autopsy results are not publicly available yet, though according to rumor, she too starved to death. The Department of Human Services was active in the home before Ray's death.
Marco Mendez, 19, recalled horrific details of Ray's abuse from when he was fostered in the same home four years ago. At least three children resided in the home at the time Mendez witnessed eight months of abuse firsthand.
"Those three didn't get to eat much," Mendez said. "They would stash hot dogs and Pop Tarts in their diaper. Mind you, without the wrappers because if the wrapper made a noise and they got caught, they'd get spanked, beaten or disciplined with no food for the next few days." Mendez was ignored when he reported his observations and experience.
Hoarding (hiding, or stashing) food is one of the first symptoms of starvation. These are clear and visible signs that anyone can and should notice. All evidence of emaciation/starvation parallels those of anorexia and bulimia. There is an abundance of information regarding both.
An letter to the editor posted by Elizabeth Skurdall in The Perry News details her personal experience with the Rays of Sunshine Daycare.
Elizabeth said that in her "experience, there are way more social workers who do their jobs and do them very well." However, in this case with visible signs of Sabrina Ray's emaciation, it appears no one was doing their job either as a skilled (a.k.a. educated) social worker or as a human being.
Who could Mendez have called for help?
It is evident once again that social workers are not necessarily skilled workers. Noticing signs of emaciation should be common knowledge and obvious to all DHS staff.
What kind of people do we have working for the Department of Human Services? Aren't they supposedly the safety net for Iowa's children?
The Iowa Department of Human Services has indicated they are bringing in a third-party firm to investigate. Senator Matt McCoy stated, "It is too little too late," for this action.
Nicholas Dreeszen, Chief Executive Director of Families United Action Network (FUAN), said "We seem to be experiencing patterns of DHS negligence and improper investigations into foster care families while at the same time seeing removals for tedious/correctable actions of birth families that do not compare to the horrific crimes of these caregivers. We must ask ourselves if we are creating successful adults through this Child Protective Services system, and be willing to make the top to bottom changes for the best interest of the children and families. Providing more family services appears to be a better option for the children in most situations".
ToyA Johnson, (FUAN) Executive Director and founder of Iowa Citizens For Justice continues; "Families United Action Network is again heartbroken and dismayed after hearing of another unnecessary tragedy at the behest of DHS. We will continue to follow up with the investigation into the Iowa Department of Human Services during the interim. We pray another child does not fall through the cracks before much-needed changes are made, and new laws and guidelines are enforced".
As the news continues to roll out on this latest fatality, Sabrina Ray's parents are now under arrest. According to Perry Police Chief Eric Vaughn during a press briefing, Mark (41) and Misty Ray (40) were arrested Thursday morning after their adopted daughter was found dead in their Perry, Iowa home last week.
An autopsy conducted by the State Medical Examiner's Office found Sabrina weighed 56 pounds at the time of her death and noted "severe malnourishment." Other tests related to the autopsy will not be available for another few weeks. Two other minor children have been removed and placed into protective custody. Their condition is not available at this time.
On Thursday, some Iowa lawmakers called for legislative oversight of Iowa's DHS in the wake of Sabrina Ray's death. At least one, Rep. Abby Finkenauer, called for the immediate resignation of DHS Director Chuck Palmer, something that organizations like (FUAN)-Families United Action Network and (IFPP) Iowa Family Preservation Project have been advocating for, for years in hopes of avoiding such tragic outcomes.
We applaud the efforts of Rep. Bobby Kaufmann and Sen. Matt McCoy for pushing these systematic child endangerment issues into the spotlight. "This is DHS-101 for the entire state," said Rep. Kaufmann.
The next oversight committee meeting has not yet been scheduled but is rumored to be the first week of June. Return often to this website, FamiliesUnite, because news is rapidly developing in this and other child/family emergency situations within Iowa.


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Home » Celebrity » Blink-182's Travis Barker Tops Billboard's Rock Producers Chart
Blink-182's Travis Barker Tops Billboard's Rock Producers Chart
Blink-182's Travis Barker tops Billboard's Rock Producers chart dated June 6, hitting the No. 1 spot for the first time thanks to three of his productions finding their way into the latest Hot Rock Songs chart.
Machine Gun Kelly's "Bloody Valentine," produced solely by Barker rose to No. 3 on the latest Hot Rock Songs list. According to Nielsen Music/MRC Data, the song logged 5.2 million U.S. streams in the tracking week, up 137% from a week earlier, and saw an increase of 29% in downloads, at 4,000.
"jxdn," produced by Barker along with Keith Varon, rose to No. 5 on the Hot Rock Songs list, while "iann dior," in which he featured alongside Machine Gun Kelly and "Sick And Tired" (Omer Fedi), ranked No. 12.
Barker, who also co-wrote all three songs, advanced 5-2 on the Rock Songwriters chart. He once topped the Songwriters chart for a week in October 2019, after being credited on 14 of Blink182's songs and a credit on "I Think I'm OKAY," which he co-wrote with Machine Gun Kelly and Yungblud.
The weekly Rock Songwriters and Rock Producers charts are based on total points accrued by a songwriter and producer, respectively, for each attributed song that appears on the Hot Rock Songs chart; As with Billboard's yearly recaps, multiple writers or producers split points for each song equally (and the dividing of points will lead to occasional ties on rankings).
It was also the year in which these 60 celebrities were born…
Beauty nude men
The 2017 list: Rank, Name, Career, Nation, Earnings…
Is Scott Disick Really In A 'Good Place' After Sofia Richie Split? No, REALLY??
People are calling out Kendall Jenner for seemingly flouting social-distancing guidelines at her star-studded birthday party
Tagged bill, Blink-182, Travis Barker
We tried every product from Rihannas Fenty Beauty makeup line, and these …
Celebrities with glasses
Newcomer DJ Khaled as he takes a deep dive into our …
Abby Lee Miller FIRED by Lifetime for Awful Racism
Neil Young Expresses Support For Protests, Slams Trump

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Griff Rhys Jones on Ronald Reagan's ignorance about Finland: "He thought it was part of Russia."
Speaking to Nick Helm and Nathaniel Metcalfe on their Fan Club show about his international success, the 67-year-old said: "Mel [Smith] and I were really big in the 80's in Finland. We suddenly got a call from the Finnish Government. And the Finnish Government wanted us to go over, Mel and Griff, to make a film about Finland to show to President [Ronald] Reagan, who was coming over on an aeroplane. Because President Reagan, God bless him, had never heard of Finland. He thought it was part of Russia."
Comedian David Baddiel's gaffe over Nick Helm's age
The latest member of Nick Helm and Nathaniel Metcalfe's Fan Club is legendary comedian and novelist David Baddiel.
Comedy legend David Baddiel on Newman and Baddiel in Pieces: "We could force the BBC to do two series"
The latest member of Nick Helm and Nathaniel Metcalfe's Fan Club is legendary British-American comedian and novelist David Baddiel.


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The Outlook for Coal. Presentation to the Australian Institute of Energy National Conference.


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Do Feminists Hate Men?
February 13, 2018 · by James Bishop	· in Feminism, Topics & Issues.	·
Many men and critics of contemporary feminism have the impression that feminists hate men. Some observers will cite examples of feminists who are clearly anti-male in their writings. Notably, they might point to the radical 20th century feminist Valerie Solanas, known for her SCUM manifest (Society for Cutting Up Men) in which she argued for the elimination of the male sex, who once remarked that "To call a man an animal is to flatter him; he's a machine, a walking dildo" (1).
Scarily, in the face of criticism received, a number of feminists contemparneous with Solanas came to the support of her SCUM manifesto. Commentators have observed that Solanas "dedicated the remainder of her life to the avowed purpose of eliminating every single male from the face of the earth" (2). If ever there was a feminist who was fueled by a hatred men, it would be Solanas. Moreover, a more contemporary feminist in her illuminating piece Why I Hate Men Part 1: I Admit It is open about her hate for men stating that they "are obnoxious, arrogant, entitled, violent, stinky, crass, loudmouthed, stupid, craven, bragadocious, thoughtless, unreflective, abusive, selfish, lowbrow, willfully ignorant assholes" (3).
Such sentiments as these are likely more extensive than these examples alone, which would suggest than misandry does really have a heartbeat in feminist work. Many would agree, however, that the real question is just how reflective and representative such misandrist hate is of feminism and feminists, generally speaking?
In her informative essay for the Washington Post, Cathy Young agrees that there are contemporary feminist writers who are driven by a strong dislike, hate of men, "Yet a lot of feminist rhetoric today does cross the line from attacks on sexism into attacks on men, with a strong focus on personal behavior: the way they talk, the way they approach relationships, even the way they sit on public transit" (4). Young's is critical of this approach and argues that it diverts attention away from the significant issues that contemporary feminism must seek to address.
Feminist writer Sam Killermann outlines a crucial distinction saying that there is a big difference between "feminists" and "misandrists" (5). He says that the title "feminist" doesn't mean "person who hates men." Rather, feminist signifies a "person who believes people should have equitable places in society regardless of their gender." He warns that it is easy to cherry pick quotes from misandrists who unfairly apply similar sentiments and attitudes to other feminists, "anti-feminists like to cherry pick quotes and ignore the much greater number of feminist writings, people, and organizations that say otherwise." Feminist Pam Johnson agrees saying that "While there may be individuals who hold this [misandrist] belief, they are not representative of the much larger whole" (6).
Others have argued that to hate men is to contradict the values of feminism, "This idea directly contradicts the ideas of feminism. Feminism calls for equality, and equality for all. The definition of equality is the state of being equal, especially in status, rights and opportunities… In order for equality to reign men do not have to be pushed down, women have to be brought to equal status as men. But, lowering anothers status goes against equality, and therefore goes against feminism" (7). In other words, one cannot be a true feminist if she, or he, hates men.
For many feminists, true feminism hopes to create a society in which an individual's gender doesn't restrict them from an equitable shot at success and happiness. As Rachel DiSibio explains, "Feminism calls for nothing more, and nothing less, than equality for women… It calls for us not to be surprised when a female becomes a successful mathematician or surgeon. It never calls for us to look down on the successful male engineers and surgeons. It calls for us to celebrate their success. It calls for us to cheer them on, and it calls for them to cheer us on. To tackle the battle of equality with love only, never hate" (8). Young's is in agreement saying that "feminism must include men, not just as supportive allies but as partners, with an equal voice and equal humanity."
Perhaps it would be fair to say that one ought to exercise caution judging an entire movement by the abuse perpetuated by some of the movement's members, especially if the abuse runs contrary to what many consider to be its central values. Feminism, like any other worldview or movement, can be abused, and often those who do bring their movement into disrepute are in the minority and thus not at all reflective of the whole, "distilled down to its absolute core," explains Killerman, "[feminism] is about gender equity… So man-hating isn't a part of that goal. It's an unfortunate reactionary sentiment bought into by some people (misandrists) who also identify with the feminist movement."
1. Women Against Men. Available.
2. Marmorstein, R. 1968. "A winter memory of Valerie Solanis: scum goddess," in The Village Voice. (35): 9-10.
3. Rage Against the Manchine. 2009. Why I Hate Men Part 1: I Admit It. Available.
4. Young, C. 2016. Feminists treat men badly. It's bad for feminism. Available.
5. Killermann, S. 2014. 5 Reasons Why So Many People Believe Feminism Hates Men and Why They're Not True. Available.
6. Johnston, P. 2017. The Myth Of The Man-Hating Feminist. Available.
7. DiSibio, R. 2017. Do Feminists Hate Men? Available.
8. DiSibio, R. 2017. Ibid.
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3 responses to "Do Feminists Hate Men?"
Julie Sheppard aka Reiko Chinen February 13, 2018 at 10:10 pm · · Reply →
Barry February 15, 2018 at 1:07 pm · · Reply →
The word 'feminism' is like 'vegetarianism' in that it describes what it consumes.
Michael Barnett February 19, 2018 at 6:45 pm · · Reply →
Sometimes it feels like a media war against men. I put the radio on and the war starts, Top news story, gunman attacks school in Florida. A month after the Oxfam prostitution story broke it still makes the BBC news. And I sometimes find myself switching off the news because the onslaught starts to make me feel that as a man I am better off dead.
And I by coincidence have started a chapter 'What do women look for in a man.' And soon realize though we are demonized: women still want to know about the men that make the media. So I look for what makes men more decent, reading, yoga, sport? Yet we do those things and the media still almost on a daily basis, tells me almost everything wrong with humanity can be found in men.


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Q: Use BindableProperty on a self contained component I'm trying to set some BindablePropertys on a self contained component, ie a component with it's own view model.
To have access to BindablePropertys, I declare the properties and their accessors:
  public ICommand ItemSelectedCommand
  {
    get => (ICommand)GetValue(ItemSelectedCommandProperty);
    set { SetValue(ItemSelectedCommandProperty, value); Vm.ItemSelectedCommand = value; }
  }

  public ItemSize ItemSize
  {
    get => (ItemSize)GetValue(ItemSizeProperty);
    set { SetValue(ItemSizeProperty, value); Vm.ItemSize = value; }
  }

  public static readonly BindableProperty ItemSelectedCommandProperty = BindableProperty.Create(nameof(ItemSelectedCommand), typeof(ICommand), typeof(Component));
  public static readonly BindableProperty ItemSizeProperty = BindableProperty.Create(nameof(ItemSize), typeof(ItemSize), typeof(Component));

Then I get the view model from the BindingContext
  public SelectorComponentVm Vm => BindingContext as SelectorComponentVm;

So the component's constructor becomes:
  public SelectorComponent()
  {
    InitializeComponent();
    BindingContext = new SelectorComponentVm();
  }

Then I place the component in the MainPage, binding its properties:
  <v:SelectorComponent
      ItemSelectedCommand="{Binding SelectItemCommand}"
      ItemSize="{Binding SelectedSize}"/>

If I set break points in properties setters, I see they are never reached.
Is it a bug in MAUI or a mis-using of BindingProperty?
Test project:  MauiTest/TransBinding


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Second Coming Prophecies
Predictions About The Second Coming
Emanuel Swedenborg, Emanuel Swedenborg witnessed the Last Judgment in 1757 as one of many events recounted in his works resulting from visions of Jesus Christ returned. He tells of almost daily interaction with Christ over the course of almost 30 years. His return is not in the flesh, but in His Holy Spirit. "Neither shall they say see here or see there, for behold, the kingdom of God is within you" (Luke 17:20).
George Rapp George Rapp, founder and leader of the Harmony Society, predicted that on September 15, 1829 the three and one half years of the Sun Woman would end and Christ would begin his reign on earth. Dissension grew when Rapp's predictions went unfulfilled. In March 1832, a third of the group left and some began following a man named Bernhard Müller who claimed to be the Lion of Judah. Nevertheless, most of the group stayed and Rapp continued to lead them until he died on August 7, 1847. His last words to his followers were, "If I did not so fully believe, that the Lord has designated me to place our society before His presence in the land of Canaan, I would consider this my last".
William Miller and the Millerite Movement The fact that this failed to happen the way people were expecting was later referred to as the Great Disappointment. Some Millerites continued to set dates; others founded the Seventh-day Adventist Church and the Advent Christian Church, which continued to expect the Second Coming but no longer set dates for it (Members of the Bahá'í Faith believe that Christ did return on May 23, 1844 as the Báb (the Gate), the forerunner of Bahá'u'lláh (Glory of God).
Charles Taze Russell Charles Taze Russell, the first president of what is now the Watchtower Society of the Jehovah's Witnesses, calculated 1874 to be the year of Christ's Second Coming, and until his death taught that Christ was invisibly present, and ruling from the heavens from that date prophesied. Russell proclaimed Christ's invisible return in 1874, the resurrection of the saints in 1875, and predicted the end of the "harvest" and a rapture of the saints to heaven for 1878, and the final end of "the day of wrath" in 1914. 1874 was considered the end of 6,000 years of human history and the beginning of judgment by Christ.
Jehovah's Witnesses The "Second Coming" is important in the doctrine of Jehovah's Witnesses, although they do not use this term. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Christ's visible (to humans) return will be at Armageddon. They believe that 1914 A.D. marked the beginning of Christ's invisible presence (Matt. 24:3 gr. "parousia") as the King of God's Kingdom (Psalm 110; Revelation 12:10), and the beginning of the last days of the human ruled system of society. They believe the signs Christ revealed about his return in Matthew 24, Mark 13, and Luke 21 began to occur starting in 1914. In a parallel Biblical account at Revelation 6, they believe the ride of the symbolic four horsemen began in the same year, and that the first rider on the white horse depicts the Christ. He goes forth to complete his conquest of the earth, while the rule by human leaders continues for a short while until they meet their end at Armageddon by the power of the Christ (Revelation 19:11-21).
Sun Myung Moon The followers of Reverend Sun Myung Moon consider Rev. Moon to be the Lord of the Second Advent called by Jesus Christ on Easter Sunday at the age of 15 on a Korean Mountainside.
Rudolf Steiner Steiner described the physical incarnation of Christ as a unique event, but predicted that Christ would reappear in the etheric, or lowest spiritual, plane beginning in the 1930s. This would manifest in various ways: as a new spiritual approach to community life and between individuals; in more and more individuals discovering fully conscious access to the etheric plane (clairvoyance); and in Christ's appearance to groups of seekers gathered together.
Herbert W. Armstrong Armstrong, Pastor-General of the Radio Church of God, and then the Worldwide Church of God, felt the return of Jesus Christ might be in 1975. Of particular note was the book 1975 in Prophecy! Written by Armstrong and published by the Radio Church of God in 1956. Though, never explicitly stating a date in the booklet, the title led people to believe the date was the second coming.
Bill Maupin Maupin, a pastor of the Lighthouse Gospel Tract Foundation in Tucson, Arizona , wrote a book predicting the date of the Second Coming. His congregation sold all their belongings and went to a hilltop on that day to await the event.
Benjamin Creme The followers of the New Age Theosophical guru Benjamin Creme, like Alice A. Bailey, believe the Second Coming will occur when Maitreya (the being Theosophists identify as being Christ) makes his presence on Earth publically known-Crème believes Maitreya has been on Earth since 1977, living in secret. Creme put advertisements in many of the world's major newspapers in early 1982 stating that the Second Coming would occur on Monday, 21 June 1982 (summer solstice in the northern hemisphere, at which time Christ (Maitreya) would announce his Second Coming on worldwide television (this is called the Emergence or Day of Declaration ; this is when, Creme's followers believe, the Maitreya will telepathically overshadow all of humanity when he appears on worldwide television. When this event did not occur, Crème claimed that the "world is not yet ready to receive Maitreya"; his followers continue to believe it will happen "soon".
Harold Camping Harold Camping, WFME radio Bible founder and teacher, published a book, 1994?, a prediction of Christ's return was likely pointing to 1994 but that the end will be 2011. 2011 was also in the book 1994. Camping wrote "Adam when?" and claimed the Biblical calendar meshes with the secular and is accurate from 11,013 BC-2011 AD.
Jerry Falwell Fundamentalist preacher Jerry Falwell predicted in 1999 that the Second Coming would probably be within 10 years.
Nostradamus Nostradamus predicted that "from the sky will come a great King of Terror" in 1999. (The 7th Month was The 9th Month in Calendar and 1999 became 9/11 in 2001, Read our "Prophecies of Nostradamus") This was interpreted by some as a prophecy about the second coming of Jesus. When this did not occur, some of his followers and those of Edgar Cayce claimed that Jesus was conceived in 1998, born in 1999, and is currently living on Earth as a reincarnated person.
Edgar Cayce, The Sleeping Prophet – Edgar Cayce predicted the second coming would happen in this new millenium, See our "Edgar Cayce Prophecies".
Paul Sides Paul Sides predicted that September 13, 2007 marks the end of seven years of "wars and rumors of war" that erupted when The Oslo Accords were annulled. Then he predicts a final seven year "tribulation period" that culminates in a war over the Holy Land that brings back the Messiah.
Mark Biltz Mark Biltz, Pastor of El Shaddai Ministries, predicted September 30, 2008 (Rosh Hashanah) as the potential day of the second coming of Jesus based on four total Lunar Eclipses that occur seven years (Great Tribulation period) after September 30, 2008 in 2014 and 2015 that happen to fall on the two Jewish holidays Pesach and Succot in both 2014 and 2015. Mark believes this to be significant as the four Lunar EclipseJews,Spain falling on the aforementioned Jewish holidays has happened in the past in 1492, 1948 and 1949 highlighting those years to be significant in Jewish history. In 1492 the Jews were expelled from Spain, in 1948 Israel became a nation, and in 1949 Jerusalem became the capital of Israel. In addition, he attributed these Lunar events to the "signs in the heavens" that the Bible speaks of.
Jack Van Impe Televangelist Jack Van Impe has, over the years, predicted many specific years and dates for the second coming of Jesus, but has continued to move his prediction later. Many of these dates have already passed, and he recently pointed to 2012 as a possible date for the second coming. Van Impe no longer claims to know the exact date of the Second Coming, but quotes verses which imply that mankind should know when the second coming is near.
The Maya's The Second Coming, according to the Maya's will happen in December 2012
Alice A. Bailey In January 1946, New Age Theosophical guru Alice A. Bailey prophesied that Christ would return "sometime after AD 2025" (Theosophists identify "Christ" as being identical to a being they call Maitreya to inaugurate the Age of Aquarius thus, this event will be, according to Bailey, the New Age equivalent of the Christian concept of the Second Coming. Alice A. Bailey stated that St. Germain is the manager of the executive council of the Christ (Like C.W. Leadbeater , Alice A. Bailey refers to St. Germain as the Master Rakoczi or the Master R. in her books.). Thus, according to Alice A. Bailey, St. Germain's primary task is to prepare the way for the Second Coming.
Joseph Nathan Smith The group at www.2034 AD.com has documented the discovery of the year for the second coming of Jesus in the Bible.
Isaac Newton Isaac Newton, in Nova Science's "Newton's Dark Secrets"; in the public television science show, in its treatment on the spiritual life of Isaac Newton, the narrator approximately said Newton calculated biblical clues of the return of Christ to be in the year 2060 AD.
Filed Under: Prophecies Tagged With: 11.013 BC, 12/21, 1745, 1844, 1874, 1914, 1917, 1930, 1975, 1981, 1982, 1994, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2011 AD, 2012, 2012 AD, 2014, 2015, 2025, 2030, 2034, 2034 AD.com, 2060, Alice A Bailey, apocalypse, Arizona, Benjamin Creme, bible, Bill Maupin, Charles Taze Russell, Christ, church of god, december 21, Edgar Cayce, El Shaddai Ministries, Emanuel Swedenborg, endtime, endtimes, followers, fundamentalist, general, guru, Harold Camping, Herbert W Armstrong, Isaac Newton, Jack Van Impe, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jerry Falwell, Jesus Christ, Joseph Nathan Smith, June 21, June 28, King of Terror, last judgement, Lighthouse Gospel, Maitreya, Mark Biltz, maya's, new age, October 22, pastor, Paul Sides, preacher, predict, prediction, prophecies, prophecies in time, prophesied, radio, return christ, return god, return of jesus, Rosh Hashanah, Rudolf Steiner, second coming, September 13, September 30, Sun Myung Moon, theosophical, theosophists, tract foundation, Tucson, vision, WFME, William Miller, writings
Prophecies Beyond 2012
Willaru Huayta
This Peruvian "spiritual messenger" says that 2013 is the end of the Inca calendar, and in that year- a "huge asteroid" 3 times larger than Jupiter [ That would bereally BIG 😉 ] will pass close to earth, causing cataclysms that will kill off most of humankind.
Joan Parisi Wilcox
In her 1999 book, Keepers of the Ancient Knowledge – the Mystical World of the Q'ero Indians of Peru, Joan Parisi Wilcox, who has been trained to the highest level of Q'ero priesthood, reveals the Q'ero Prohecy of spiritual evolution and a Golden Age. The prophecy is incorporated into a 16th century Catholic philosophy of 3 ages. These are the Age of The Father, the Age of The Son, and the Age of the Holy Spirit. The latter, which the Q'ero call Taripay Pacha, began in the period between August 1 1990 and August 1 1993, when the world underwent a cosmic transmutation called a pachakuti.
The Taripay Pacha is the period extending approximately from 1990/1993 to 2012 during which mankind will spiritually evolve – it is the "Age of Meeting ourselves Again", when time will end. The book covers Andean shamanism including the "engaging of the energy body".
Daniel 11:5 and the King of the South
The King of the South (Muammar al-Gaddafi ?) shall be strong, and one of his princes; and he [Gaddafi son] shall be strong above him, and have dominion; his dominion shall be a great dominion.
Quatrain III – 27 Nostradamus
The Libyan Prince powerful in the Occident [West], The French will become so enamored of Arabia, Studied in letters he will condescend The Arab language into French to translate. Muammar al-Gaddafi self-appointed heir, whom I believe must be one of two elder sons, Saef al-Islam or Khamees al-Gaddafi, becomes somekind of "powerful" in the Western world and there will be especially a connection with the French. His influence in the West will in part be a result of his shared hatred of the non-Arab Asians, including the Turks.
As Nostradamus next demonstrates, the "Libyan Prince" will also fuse Christianity and Judaism with the Sunni form of Islam largely practiced by the Arabs of the Middle East. He will possess great charisma and sex appeal since the Arab customs and dress will be somekind of "imitated" by French society. He will also be a great master of negotiation and a powerful orator, representing Africa and most of the Arab Middle East, thus becoming a true king of the south.
It is impossible to know for certain if Saef al-Islam will fulfill this prediction. However: Unless Muammar al-Gaddafi regime is overthrown, it goes without saying that the Libyan Prince will have to be one of his sons. Saef or Khamees al-Gaddafi are the best psychological candidates because they are more likely to have motive than their other brothers (both were wounded as children during the 1986 US air raid on Tripoli and Benghazi).
Between the two, Saef al-Islam is a name which resonates with galvanic power and, translated, means the sword of Islam. However, readers may keep alternative candidates in mind (should others present themselves) when reading quatrains applied to the Libyan Prince. He will come to power upon the death of his father in the year 2018.
Prophecies Beyond 2012 – Prophecies Beyond 2012 – Prophecies Beyond 2012 – Prophecies Beyond 2012 – Prophecies Beyond 2012
Filed Under: Prophecies Tagged With: 16th century, 1990, 1993, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, Africa, Al-Gaddafi, Andean shamanism, arab, August 1, Benghazi, cataclysms, catholic, Century III, Christianity, Daniel 11:5, dominion, earth, end Inca calendar, energy body, evolve, Father, France, French society, Gaddafi son, golden age, Holy Spirit, huge asteroid, humankind, III-27, Indians Peru, Joan Parisi Wilcx, judaism, jupiter, Khamees, king of the south, Libya, Libyan prince, Lybia, Middle East, Muammar al-Gaddafi, Muammar Gaddafi, mystical world, nostradamus, packakuti, Peruvian, philosophy, predicted, priesthood, Prophecies beyond 2012, Q'ero, Quatrain 27, Saef, Saef al-Islam, Son, spiritual evolution, spiritual messenger, sword of Islam, taripay pacha, time will end, transmutation, Tripoli
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Margaretta Riley née Hopper  (1804 - 1899) est une botaniste anglaise. Elle est la femme et l'associée de John Riley, également botaniste .

Le cratère vénusien Riley a été nommé en son honneur .

Références

Naissance en mai 1804
Décès en juillet 1899
Botaniste britannique du XIXe siècle
Décès à 95 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Silverthorn is a gated and guarded golfing community, with an award-winning championship golf course.
Along with golf, the community clubhouse is fantastic. The clubhouse is a great place for events, to come for dinner, it has weekly specials and is open to the public 7 days a week.
Enjoy drinks, food, and cocktails inside or on the veranda with a panoramic view of the golf course.
The country club offers an elegant setting, accommodating 20-300 guests. They have certified chefs and professional service staff. They can also do themed buffets and events.
Have your perfect wedding ceremony here with all kinds of options such as trellis arches, chairs and chair covers, decorations, horse and carriage rentals, pastor/ministers, photographers, and videographers.
Silverthorn Country Club is a semi-private golf course. Membership is optional.


Here we get a quick tour of VetCare Grey Lynn. The slideshowhas a glimpse of goings on at the clinic, amazing staff, beautiful pets, challenging cases and cattery guests.
The video then takes us through the hospital and surgery areasof the clinic, with vet Dr. Alex Melrose and TV3's Campbell Live, and gets into a brief discussion about some unexpected costsyou can incur as a pet owner and why we strongly suggest pet insurance to help deal with these.


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DealBook | S.E.C. Has Yet to Set Rule on Tricky Ratio of C.E.O.'s Pay to Workers'
Legal/Regulatory | DealBook Column
S.E.C. Has Yet to Set Rule on Tricky Ratio of C.E.O.'s Pay to Workers'
By Andrew Ross Sorkin
Mary Jo White, head of the S.E.C., which has not finished a rule about a pay disclosure provision in Dodd-Frank.Credit Alex Wong/Getty Images
DealBook Column
Deal Professor: A Simple Solution That Made a Hard Problem More Difficult (Aug. 27, 2013)
Last week, we learned that Timothy D. Cook, Apple's chief executive, was paid $9.2 million for 2014. Jamie Dimon of JPMorgan Chase made $20 million. The Starbucks chief Howard Schultz took home $21.5 million. And Viacom said that its chief, Philippe Dauman, received $44.3 million.
For any one of them, it's a lot of money.
Those numbers are even more pronounced when set against the viral talking point of last week: Oxfam's study on inequality, which said that those in the top 1 percent were set to control 50 percent of the world's wealth by next year. That statistic has become a rallying cry for the average worker. (There's a problem with the math that Oxfam used, which we'll get to in a moment, but that doesn't negate the overall message about income disparity.)
While many have contended that chief executives of successful companies deserve handsome pay packages, that assertion does leave hanging the question of how to value the contribution of the average worker in relative terms.
That's one of the reasons a provision was passed almost five years ago as part of the Dodd-Frank financial reform act to try to quantify that. Public corporations were supposed to disclose the ratio between the pay of their chief executives and the pay of their median workers.
Several years later, it is still almost impossible to know that figure. A fierce debate over the disclosure requirement continues, delaying adoption of that section of the Dodd-Frank law.
Mary Jo White, the chairwoman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, said in November that she hoped the rule would be completed before the year ended. Now it is the new year, and the rule remains, well, nowhere to be found.
Of course, corporate America has resisted the rule, calling it a politically motivated gimmick meant to pressure boards into cutting back on rich executive compensation packages.
And, to some degree, that view isn't wrong. The A.F.L.-C.I.O., which has supported the provision, is pretty upfront about its enthusiasm: "Disclosing this pay ratio will shame companies into lowering C.E.O. pay."
Whatever side you take on the disclosure of the ratio — and it evokes passionate feelings on both sides of the argument — it is head-scratching that it has taken so long to put in place what seems like a pretty simple rule.
How hard can it really be for companies to calculate the ratio?
In truth, it's harder than you might imagine. The S.E.C. estimates companies will spend some $73 million annually to calculate their figures and comply with the law. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the main business lobbying group in Washington, claims it will cost 10 times that, more than $700 million annually. The Center on Executive Compensation, a policy group and lobbying organization for business on pay issues, says the cost will be $186 million.
Whatever the true costs of the calculations, the challenge is that most multinational companies have various payroll systems around the world. Thus, it's not easy to just press a few buttons on a calculator to figure out the median pay of a company's workers.
Among the variables: Do you count just employees working in the United States? Or should large multinationals calculate the figure based on their workers worldwide, including ones in less developed countries where pay may look puny compared with American salaries, but qualify as solidly middle class in those nations?
Then there's the issue of whether contract workers should count. A company that outsources much of its work could show a very different ratio than a competitor in the same industry that mainly employs staff workers in the United States.
As a result of all the resistance, and the S.E.C.'s own seeming apprehension about the rule, the agency so far has avoided ruling on how to put the requirement in place. In a hint of the agency's own misgivings about the law, it said: "The lack of a specific market failure identified as motivating the enactment of this provision poses significant challenges in quantifying potential economic benefits, if any, from the pay ratio disclosure."
Thus, it appears that when the law is ultimately put into effect, it will be watered down and made so complicated as to be worthless. (Which may be the point. Congress didn't set a deadline for this aspect of the Dodd-Frank law to be enacted, which might also be a signal of its importance, or lack thereof.)
The prevailing wisdom among experts following the debate is that the S.E.C. is preparing the rule so that companies don't have to determine the exact pay median for their workers. Instead, to make it easier to comply, the agency may allow companies to conduct a statistical sampling of the pay of its employees to divine the median.
That could leave companies a remarkable amount of room to play with the number. Chief executives also are unlikely to have to sign off on the ratio number, in the way they do with their companies' financial figures.
With all the wiggle room that is expected to be allowed, companies may devise ratio numbers that are largely irrelevant. Investors, who actually could benefit, even if only marginally, from knowing the ratio will probably have an impossible time interpreting what the ratio shows.
Any effort by investors to compare companies using the ratio may result in misleading conclusions, especially if there are not uniform standards. While the Dodd-Frank provision is intended only to show the ratio for a particular company, you know that some people — and the media — will try to use the ratio to compare companies. They could also become part of activist campaigns against managements.
How the ratio is determined is important because context matters when it comes to compensation figures. At the beginning of this column, I mentioned Mr. Cook's compensation of $9.2 million; that looks low, for example, relative to Mr. Dauman's $44.5 million. That's until I remind you that Mr. Cook was paid a one-time stock grant that was initially worth a staggering $376.2 million in 2011 — stock that has risen just as Apple's market value has. (Don't pity Mr. Dauman, either. Over the years, he has made many millions, including $84.5 million in 2010).
Which brings us back to the Oxfam study. The numbers in the group's study about inequality were eye-opening. But a closer look at that ratio shows that the way it was calculated may lead to misperceptions.
The study didn't actually measure wealth; it measured net income. As Ezra Klein wrote on the Vox website: "A farmer in China's rural Sichuan Province with no debt but also very little money is wealthier than an American who just graduated from medical school with substantial debt but also a hefty, six-figure income. By any sensible standard, the medical student is richer, but because her student debt still outweighs her financial assets, the net worth measure counts her as poorer than the Chinese peasant." That's the challenge that numbers and ratios present: They are in the eye of the beholder and can always be misinterpreted.
That's not to say the S.E.C. shouldn't force the disclosure of the ratio. It should, and soon. After all, it is a law and until and unless Congress decides to change the law, it should be enforced.
The big question will be in how it is used — or potentially misused — and how it may change corporate America.
Oxfam Study Finds Richest 1% Is Likely to Control Half of Global Wealth by 2016
By PATRICIA COHEN
A report by the charity Oxfam offers a warning about deepening global inequality ahead of this week's annual World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.
A Simple Solution on C.E.O. Pay Is Not So Simple
By STEVEN M. DAVIDOFF
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Financial Protection Act required companies to compare their chief executive pay with that of their employees, but carrying it out may cost millions.
A version of this article appears in print on 01/27/2015, on page B1 of the NewYork edition with the headline: Tricky Ratio of Chiefu2019s Pay to Workersu2019.
Investment Riches Built on Subprime Auto Loans to Poor
Dentons to Merge With Dacheng of China to Create World's Largest Law Firm


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The pandemic has hobbled entire sectors of the economy but the cannabis industry is surviving, even thriving. Sales are up as consumers turn to marijuana for stress relief and recreation. Companies in the industry are making those sales easier and safer with online ordering to reduce contact between retailers and customers. There are even a variety of new products for consumers to try.
Consumers may be cutting their spending, but not on cannabis. Retail sales of medical and recreational cannabis in the U.S. is predicted to top $15 billion by the end of 2020 according to the Marijuana Business Factbook. That's an increase of about 40% over 2019 sales.
Two thousand people who consume marijuana regularly were surveyed by Verilife and reported using more cannabis during the pandemic. Their increased consumption upped their average monthly spend on cannabis from $49 to $76.
Greg James, the publisher of Marijuana Venture and Sun Grower magazines, said at least part of the sales increase is due to the bars closing. "Staying home and enjoying a joint or edible becomes the thing to do," he said.
One of the high growth areas noticed by Lightshade, which operates nine cannabis dispensaries in Colorado, is sales of cannabis flower products, including pre-rolls and expensive boutique brands. Lisa Gee, director of marketing at Lightshade, said that one reason behind the jump in flower sales is the increase in cannabis users now working from home who prefer to smoke cannabis over other ways of consuming it. "When you don't have to go into the office every day, you don't have to seek out more discreet methods of consumption," she said. Work from home may now mean smoke at home.
Lightshade retail cannabis store in Colorado
Emily Trigg LightShade
While many businesses are shuttering, cannabis companies are unveiling new products. Wana Brands of Colorado recently launched Wana Quick Onset Gummies to meet one of the perennial challenges of the edibles' category, the variability of the time it takes for consumers to feel the product's effects. The new gummies aim for a five to fifteen minute onset time, with effects that will last about three hours. It also offers a "low dose" of THC, 5mg, which is half a standard dose. Eric Block, chief revenue officer of Wana Brands said his company had seen growth in cannabis-infused edibles sales during the pandemic.
Wana Sour Gummies introduced in Spring of 2020 aim for quick onset
Wana
CBD products are also coming to market. Kimberly Dillon, previously the chief marketing officer at California's Papa & Barkley, recently launched a line of CBD-infused hair and skincare products made for women of every background called Frigg Wellness.
Frigg launches new CBD hair products for all hair types
Martha Stewart's line of CBD products for pets and humans, announced in June of 2019, will be making their market debut this fall.
To reduce interaction between customers and retailers, some companies are also implementing online ordering which allows patrons to spend less time in-store. That means no more leisurely chat with the local budtender. Block says Wana Brands is investing in digital and online technologies to educate customers. "Pre-COVID, the dispensary budtender has had an outsized influence on cannabis product purchases," said Block. Now companies have a chance to control the conversation.
Of course, the cannabis industry is not a money-printing machine, even when demand expands. Basic business rules apply including follow the intricate laws carefully, keep pristine records, and hire excellent employees. Most businesses fail because they "have questionable management and unrealistic business plans," said James. He has spoken with hundreds of cannabis companies during the six years his magazines have been published. "As with most businesses, the successful ones quickly adapt and figure out how to manage with the new normal," he said. "Good management and well trained employees are as valuable in Cannabis as in every other industry."
« TOCA's TOTO and QULO lubes changed my mind about CBD lube
The Margin: Smoking or vaping cannabis could cause strokes, heart attacks »


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RETOX yourself! An exclusive interview with the band including new album update!
Here's my short chat with Justin Pearson from RETOX, THE LOCUST, Three One G Records, SWING KIDS and numerous other projects. We talked mostly about RETOX, his relatively new noise punk pack, who released their debut album "Ugly Animals" in August of 2011 and now are getting ready to put out their highly anticipated second outing. Learn more about it below. Also, Justin told us when they will be visiting Europe again, discussed fascism, the importance of political awareness and a few different issues.
Hey! Thanks for taking this interview, guys! So… you've just confirmed your US West Coast tour with TOMAHAWK. Excited? Tell us more about it. How did you team up for it?
The first album "Ugly Animals" is on Ipecac, Mike Patton's label. The two bands therefore share a history together and Mike asked the band to be on the tour. Everybody is stoked to be going on tour together.
You've been touring heavily with REGENTS in June, October and November. Share some memories of those runs.
Over all, it was about aligning ourselves with comrades from other places. Not only are they a great band, but they are amazing people. Also pretty much anything Jason Hamicher does is out of hand.
What cool bands have you been sharing the stage with while on tour?
SECRET FUN CLUB, DOOMSDAY STUDENT, THE CREEPY CREEPS.
Any chances to see you guys live in Europe?
Most certainly. Once our new LP is released we will be touring on that.
And when would that be? [smiles]
Hopefully in the spring, latest in summer.
How about a documentary you're cooking out there? What's the story behind the project?
It's a film following a recent US/ Canadian tour we did. But as RETOX is the sort of vessel for the subject, there is a much larger picture. It tells a story of a culture and a lifestyle that a love to artists live. It also explains how the world we live in created the need for the art we all are making.
Who else is featured in it?
A whole bunch of people but I can name MELVINS and Nick Zinner as a couple of examples.
Justin, you're also featured on the new ZEUS LP. Tell us more about this collaboration.
RETOX toured with them Italy and I really love the band and for whatever reason they asked me to sing on a track. It was an honor to do so.
What other cooperation have you had lately?
I have also been teaming up with ILL SAINT M of France for a track called "A Pig's Orphan".
How did you team up with them on that?
They have been friends and collaborators for some time – it came about naturally.
Is there a timetable for the next release in your mind?
The new LP, "YPLL" is finished. We are just waiting on a release date.
What did you want the audience to think about when they read that title? [smiles] What's behind it?
I don't think we necessarily wanted them to think about anything in particular as much as we just figured that they would ask. It is kind of open to interpretation until you figure out that it is an acronym for "Years of Potential Life Lost." That kind of says it all. We all have missed out on some of our lives to one reason or another. In my case it was to a grim adolescence which then led to hard core drug and alcohol abuse for a large portion of my life. I missed out on most of my 20's. I was totally checked out and hiding from the pain of living. Again, I feel that anybody can relate to the term YPLL in their own way.
Have you brought upon the stylistic changes in your sound? How would you describe the transition since "Ugly Animals"?
I feel that we all have brought about the stylistic changes to a degree but I did actually take much more time coming up with the riffs and parts that would become the foundation for YPLL. I think a huge factor also was the process of writing with Brian (Evans). He has a very particular drum style that helped steer our sound into a particular direction that we are all happy with. Thor and JP definitely delivered as well. Those guys are bad asses.
How are you feelings about that record at the moment? Are you still 100% satisfied with the record?
I have never been 100% satisfied with anything I have ever been a part of. I am proud of this record and we all put 100% into it. That goes for our producer Chris Rakestraw too.
Ok. How's Three One G Records doing these days?
It could always be better. But I will not complain. It's hard to put new things out, as people typically don't purchase music these days. But I have realized that the label is much more than just a label.
What are some of the best things about your local Southern California music scene?
Diversity, history, and progression.
Most hardcore punk bands have an anti-fascism stance now. Is there a problem regarding right wing organizations in your area? What do you think about the whole fight against extreme nationalist movements, especially here in Europe?
Great question. I think issues such as the general topic you referenced is a huge issue. I would hope that all hardcore bands would have a stance against injustices, or at least live as an example and be active. As far as answering your question, there unfortunately is a problem, and it's a bit baffling being that it's 2012 and we are only experiencing gradual progression, and in some cases no progression. But I honestly feel the world is changing for the better, and as they say, change comes one funeral at a time.
What's the awareness of history in your area?
I think first and for most, one needs to be a living example. So where you might have an overtly political band, or persons, you may have ones that are not as obvious, but live a progressive and positive life. A lot of ones activism comes from simple life choices, such as where you spend you money, how you interact with your community, and so on. These aspects are political in nature and influence certain outcomes. But I also think aspects like direct action, and being vocal about politics is important but need to be delivered in a progressive manner and at the right time and moment. There is also the idea of subversive politics, which we see more and more lately. However, being so close to the border of Mexico we experience a great deal of racism, or fascism, depending on how you look at it. Anything from the way the police and border patrol treat people, to politicians in office, to civilians and their life choices. So back to the idea of tradition, we progress gradually by naturally eliminating outdated ways of thinking. That elimination comes when people die. But then again, aspects of fascism still exist and we must make note and do what we can to push forward, and to answer your question, the awareness is delivered in many capacities. Hope that answers your question here.
Definitely, thanks!
Are you happy Obama won the election? Did you vote? Do you think it's important to participate?
I vote, but I typically vote for local propositions. I would rather not say who I voted for. I don't feel the United States has a proper democracy and the issue at hand is much too large to address in an interview. But there are a couple things to focus on. The concept of "lesser of two evils" and the fact that money controls the two party system, bringing it away from what a democracy should be.
What do you think about bands and artists closely attached to PETA? Do you support it?
Some of our band does openly support them. I doubt that anyone in the band is opposed to the organization, it's just that we all pick and choose out battles and things pertaining to animal rights are not for everyone in RETOX. The first step in aligning with an organization such as PETA would be to have a plant based diet, which the band as a whole does not.
Do you celebrate Christmas? What would you like this year? [smiles]
I do celebrate it by default. It's hard to ignore the holiday. However I have chosen to not include the religion and consumer aspects that tend to take the front seat. I look at it as more of a "Winter Holiday" or I would even go as far and say that I feel Kwanza would be more in tune with my belief system.
Ok. Here's a random metaphysical closing question [smiles]. What's science-fictional in RETOX?
Depends on the reality one lives in. What we think is science fiction could not be agreed upon by others. But some of us are very interested in time travel, astronomy, various conspiracy theories, and so on.
Thanks so much for your time, man! Really appreciate it.
Related Items:chaotic hardcore, exclusive, featured, hardcore, mathcore, powerviolence, retox
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Festivus videos (feat. GO RYDELL, THE DEAD LEGS final show, and more!)


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Scope & Rationale
Downloadable datasets available
Issuing Committee
An alert is possible for this content
Ground Vehicle Standard
J1939/21_202109
Published September 01, 2021 by SAE International in United States
Automotive ,
Issuing Committee:
Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
The SAE J1939 documents are intended for light, medium, and heavy-duty vehicles used on or off road, as well as appropriate stationary applications which use vehicle derived components (e.g., generator sets). Vehicles of interest include, but are not limited to, on- and off-highway trucks and their trailers, construction equipment, and agricultural equipment and implements.
The purpose of these documents is to provide an open interconnect system for electronic systems. It is the intention of these documents to allow Electronic Control Units to communicate with each other by providing a standard architecture.
This particular document, SAE J1939-21, describes the data link layer using the Classical Extended Frame Format (CEFF) with 29-bit IDs, as defined in ISO 11898-1, December 2015. For SAE J1939, no alternative data link layers are permitted.
In the case when two ECUs are using Transport Protocol to transfer the same PG in both directions, and an ECU must abort one of the transfers, the existing message structure has no way to designate which transfer to abort. The addition of the direction indicator in the TP.Conn_Abort message will solve this problem and allow an ECU to select what connection to abort.
Electronic control systems
Agricultural vehicles and equipment
Construction vehicles and equipment
Data Sets - Support Documents
Unnamed Dataset 1
Table 1 Mapping of SAE J1939 into CAN'S arbitration and control fields
Table 2 Parameter group number examples (SAE USE EDP=0)
Table 3 Definition of extended data page and data page use
Table 4 PDU specific
Table 5 PDU1 and PDU2 transmit, request, and response requirements
Table 6 Connection abort reason
Table D1 SAE J1939-21 SPN usage
The Truck and Bus Control and Communications Network Committee of the Truck & Bus Electrical/Electronic Steering Committee is responsible for developing, reviewing and approving standards, recommended practices and information reports related to communication networks for the exchange of control and diagnostic information among electronic components on or connected to truck and bus vehicles. The objective is the architecture of communication networks offering an open interconnect system that supports communication between loose package components, such as engines and transmissions, which are sourced from many different component suppliers and integrated into vehicle systems. The communication networks are developed for use in on-highway and off-highway trucks and their trailers, buses, construction equipment, and agricultural equipment and implements, and applicable to light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty vehicles used on-road or off-road, and for appropriate stationary applications which use vehicle derived components (e.g. generator sets).
Visit SAE Standard Works
ISO 11898 This document is not part of the subscrption.
ISO 15765-3 This document is not part of the subscrption.
J1939/71_201506 Vehicle Application Layer
J1939/81_201602 Network Management
J1939_201808 Serial Control and Communications Heavy Duty Vehicle Network - Top Level Document
9 versions available
Revision History*
2021-09-01 | J1939/21_202109
* Redlines comparisons are available for those standards listed in the Revision History that contain a radio button. A redline comparison of the current version against a revision is accomplished by selecting the radio button next to the standard and then selecting 'compare'. At this time, Redline versions only exist for some AMS standards. SAE will continue to add redline versioning with ongoing updates to SAE MOBILUS.
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Lists & Events
Quick links... PositivelyLV Dining & Entertainment 13 Things Lists & Events Community Calendar
The Cromwell will reopen as first adults-only resort on Las Vegas Strip
Posted at 3:08 PM, Oct 22, 2020
LAS VEGAS (KTNV) — Caesars Entertainment has announced plans to reopen The Cromwell at 10 a.m. Oct. 29 as the first adults-only resort on the Las Vegas Strip. The boutique hotel and gaming floor will be open seven days a week for guests 21 and over. Guests of all ages will be welcome at GIADA, the award-winning restaurant of notable chef Giada De Laurentiis.
"The first standalone boutique hotel on the Strip, The Cromwell brings an exclusive, elevated lifestyle experience to the destination, focusing on hospitality, amenities and personalized service," said Senior Vice President and The Cromwell General Manager Ken Janssen. "In line with the boutique hotel experience, we are pleased to announce that we will reopen on Oct. 29 as the first adults-only property on Las Vegas Boulevard, with a continued emphasis on our enhanced health and safety protocols."
RELATED: Circa Las Vegas will be adults only when it opens in downtown Las Vegas
The following amenities will open at The Cromwell:
GIADA – will be open to guests of all ages
eatwell – will be open for fast-casual service, as well as mobile ordering
Bound Cocktail Lounge
Interlude Casino Lounge
Drai's Lounge – located at Drai's After Hours
Player-friendly gaming offerings like:
Single "0" Roulette
EZ Baccarat
3-2 Shoe and Double-Deck Blackjack
100X Odds on Craps
The Abbey, the high-limit slot area
Located on the bustling corner of Las Vegas Boulevard and Flamingo Road – directly across from Caesars Palace – The Cromwell keeps it intimate with 188 rooms including 19 suites and has received the Forbes Travel Guide Recommended Award for several consecutive years.
The standalone boutique hotel also features a 40,000-square-foot casino. Additional amenities include Bound – the elevated lobby bar, Interlude Casino Lounge, award-winning GIADA – the first-ever restaurant by celebrity chef and television personality Giada De Laurentiis, the fast-casual eatwell, and Drai's After Hours – located at its original home beneath the boutique hotel.
Additionally, The Cromwell will debut the newly branded William Hill Sports Book on reopening day, with new customer offerings that include self-service sports betting kiosks and an expanded betting menu featuring LIVE InPlay Wagering.
Guests can save up to 30 percent on their next stay at The Cromwell with Caesars' Halloween Sale from Oct. 26 through Nov. 2, as well as the Fall Savings Sale from Nov. 2-23, for select travel dates through September 2021. These hotel offers are based on availability and cannot be combined with any other offer. Offer codes: SEMI20 and FALL20.
As the Company previously announced, self-parking will remain free for Nevada residents with valid identification, registered hotel guests, and Caesars Rewards loyalty members rated Platinum and above. Beginning on Friday, Oct. 30, all other guests will be charged to self-park at Caesars' Las Vegas resorts, including The Cromwell. The Cromwell valet will remain closed at this time. Caesars Entertainment will donate all parking fee profits collected to several charitable organizations who support Caesars team members and local communities in need, through the end of the first quarter in 2021.
RELATED: Several Las Vegas hotel-casinos still closed as result of coronavirus pandemic
The Cromwell has implemented Caesars' new health and safety protocols, which enhance its existing plans and practices in these areas. All Caesars properties are focused on the well-being of team members, guests and the community, and continue to work to create an environment with high standards of sanitization and physical distancing practices. Among the enhanced health and safety protocols include more frequent cleaning and sanitization. Caesars has also implemented a health screening program for all employees. Team members and guests are required to wear masks, which the Company makes available, at all Caesars properties.
For more information on the Company's health and safety protocols, visit: www.Caesars.com/health [link.mediaoutreach.meltwater.com].