text:
Bio | DrRalphEccles.org/bio
other's thoughts
Thoughts on why I write about virology
Some Data
End Game for Pandemic
Stop COVID now
Schools vs Economy
Ralph P. Eccles, D.O.
I am a retired professor of Family Medicine at Oregon Health & Sciences University
I spent 12 years teaching medical students and residents all aspects of family medicine, including OB and managing patients on ventilators in the ICU. Then I spent 2 years in private practice as an endocrinologist and as a diagnostician evaluating complex patients that primary care providers in the community needed help figuring out what the diagnosis was or how to manage their underlying disease, usually a complicated diabetic, but sometimes complicated thyroid or calcium problems.
Why DO and not MD? Most of my colleagues have an MD degree, some a PhD and some both. A few of my colleagues have a DO degree. After the civil war physicians and surgeons tried to find better ways to treat illnesses. Antibiotics and vaccines were still more than 50 years in the future and anesthesia was minimal. Several schools of thought developed including naturopathy and homeopathy. The idea of treating the musculoskeletal system created osteopathy and the DO degree and from that developed chiropracty and that is more widespread than osteopathy. At that time the MD school of thought was called allopathy, referring to using drugs, which prior to WWI were pretty archaic. Just before WWI, the Flexner Report came out and after that standards were established for medical schools and the osteopathic schools tried to adhere to the same standards. By the 1960's the major osteopathic schools were closely intertwined with the medical schools. Eastern Michigan has both an MD school and DO school on the same campus and students attend mostly the same classes and rotations. In California the large DO school and UCLA were togther and their was virtually no difference in curriculum. California decided to give all the DO's an MD degree, but 50 held out, later sued the State and established a new DO school in Pomona, The College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific.
I got cancer my junior year of college and had radiation. No one advised me to not go back to school for a year, so I tried, but was very tired. As everyone in medicine knows, the toughest premed course is Organic Chemistry and I took it then. I got a C, which almost eliminates getting into medical school. I did end up on the alternate list of a couple of schools, but then met a DO and was advised to apply to those schools. The dean of the new school being established in California interviewed me and was so surprised that I not only survived, but that I was now in good health. I was accepted and like most of my fellow DO students, we had chosen DO because we had not been accepted into our state school and the private schools were unbelievably difficult to get into during the Vietnam War.
We were constantly indoctrinated as to why we were different than MD's and therefore better, but the truth is, we took the same courses, often the same exam (I liked getting an A on an exam that was identical to one at Harvard and the University of Chicago). Most of my junior and senior year were spent at the medical school in Portland, OR, where I would later teach.
I did an internship at an osteopathic institution. Then spent 14 years as a GP and a single parent of 4 children.
I then remarried (an MD-we have a mixed marriage), and finished a residency at an MD institution and was board certified by the American Board of Family Medicine (an MD certification body). I had spent a year on the OB service, so I did C-sections.
In 1999 I was asked to become a fellow in the department of endocrinology at Ohio State University. I did 3 years of study and research in both adult and pediatric endocrinology, especially diabetes.
It was with that background I joined the faculty at Oregon Health and Sciences University,at the Cascades East Family Medicine Resisdency in Klamath Falls, Oregon.
I have taught over the years many MD and DO graduates and medical students. There is very little difference in the educational background of either. MD's tend to know more genetics, immunology and research techniques, DO's know a little more anatomy and sports medicine. Both are equal in pharmacology, biochemistry, pathophysiology and diagnositics.
Why we still have schools issuing the DO degree and why we don't give all DO's an MD is beyond me. In 2020 it no longer makes sense. All residencies, both MD and DO are now accredited by the same organization.
Lay people ask, "Where did you go to medical school?" Physicians and others in the medical field don't ask that. They ask, "Where did you train?" In other words, where did you do residency and/or fellowship. My colleagues don't care that I graduated from what is now called Western University of Health Sciences, they care that I trained at Ohio State University.
About me: I was born in McMinnville, OR to a couple who had parents in Portland. My parents moved to Klamath Falls within a year and so I grew up in the town I currently am living in, and spent a lot of time in Portland. I went to Linfield College in McMinnville, but then spent 2 years in Germany before transfering to BYU for my undergraduate degree and start of graduate school. I did a semester in Austria and therefore have a strong interest in Music.
I continued my graduate studies at Portland State University, having a BA in German and most of a BS in Chemistry.
I started a residency in OB/Gyn, but ended up as a GP in the National Health Service in North Dakota and later for the IHS in Arizona. I was a single parent for 14 years, and became one of the first hospitalists and adjunct faculty to the University of Colorado Family Medicine Department.
I then left Colorado and moved to Arizona when I married a woman originally from Klamath Falls. Carrie Ganong, MD went to the same grade school, junior high and college as I, eventually went to medical school after years as an academic nutritionist. She was 19 when we worked together as life guards at the same summer camp, but it was 19 years later when we got married.
After my fellowship and years of research in obesity and diabetes, I became the Medical Director for the Navajo Health Foundation and managed a Robert Wood Johnson grant and several research programs in diabetes.
I then joined the faculty and moved back to Klamath Falls.
This is the latest draft
Email: rpeccles@yahoo.com
Copyright 2019 Website.com. All Rights Reserved.
emails requesting additional information or clarification may be posted in total or in part to a page on this website for others to see.
Dr. Ralph Eccles


Small kitchen tables and chairs for little spaces will have a way of adding some old world elegance to the room while keeping it functional and comfortable. A whole set that will fold up dealt with is one possibility however, not one that brings with that a lot of style. They are certainly not called card tables for nothing and they will do little to build your space look simply because stylish as you wish. Take cardiovascular and delve deeper in the world of living in small spots and you will be amazed at what you will get. If the space is only amused by one or two adults. Many times a bistro table is definitely the perfect answer. The tabletop is just about the right size to accommodate two settings as well as the stools slide under the stand when it is not being used. The solutions to finding the right small kitchen tables and chairs to small spaces are at hand. It may take an attitude of being ingenious, but with a little effort you will find the best solution for your needs.
Omagnatta - Vibrating ab training exercise chairs : wonder core rock n fit. The wonder core rock n fit exercise chair is an advanced piece of equipment for athletic consumers to integrate into their lifestyle when seeking out a simple, effective way to train their body each day. Wonder core rock n fit vibration trainer � fitness gizmos. The wonder core rock n fit vibration trainer lets you exercise while sitting down it has a quiet motor and can be used for a whole body workout. Ab trainers core trainers sears. Workout and tone your midsection with an ab trainer from sears even after incorporating cardio and weight lifting into your exercise routine, it can still be difficult to sculpt and tone the midsection. Portable minimalist fitness trainers : baseblocks trainer. Segment: neutral, 0 0 comparison set: 14 similar articles, including: digital personal trainer headphones, performance enhancing massage balls, and vibrating ab training exercise chairs related reports: minimalist design report , wearable camera report , personal training report , sports report , gender neutral fashion report. Wonder core smart the ultimate total core workout. Wonder core smart is the ultimate total core workout get the 6 pack abs you've always wanted with wonder core smart you can do double the workout in half the time! order yours today. Wonder core 2 review exercise center. Wonder core 2 review if you are someone who already tried wonder core smart, you will know that wonder core 2 is an upgraded, improved version of the machine its a revolutionary ab workout machine with a 12 in 1 ab system that is designed to work your core like no other ab equipment. Vibration exercise machines sears. Vibration exercise machines engage the mind and body challenge your muscles and endurance with vibration exercise machines these machines utilize vibration technology to encourage blood flow while engaging the whole body. Does a vibrating belt reduce belly fat?. This shows that adding vibration makes an exercise more intense and causes you to burn more energy training while standing on a vibrating plate can also help you build up bone mass and avoid osteoporosis, according to an article in the journal of bone and mineral research. Wondercore 2 review the whole truth! ab workout winner. Discover the ins and outs of the wonder core in our wonder core 2 review so your considering whether to buy a wonder core get ready to see the disadvantages of the wonder core 2 that nobody else will tell you, as well as all the exciting advantages that made us choose the wonder core 2, for our ab machine of the year 2018 award. : core & abdominal trainers: sports & outdoors. H&s� ab abdominal exercise roller with extra thick knee pad mat body fitness strength training machine ab wheel gym tool.


text:
Robert McChesney and John Nichols on "The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again"
StoryFebruary 04, 2010
Media Consolidation
Robert McChesney and John Nichols
McChesney is a professor at the University of Illinois, while Nichols is the Washington correspondent for The Nation magazine. Together they helped found the media reform organization Free Press. Their new book is titled The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again.
University of Illinois Professor Robert McChesney and The Nation correspondent John Nichols, two leading advocates of the media reform movement, join us to talk about their new book, The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again. McChesney and Nichols argue that journalism should be seen as a public good and that the government should help save American journalism by granting more subsidies to newspapers and media outlets. [includes rush transcript]
StoryOct 13, 2011"News for All the People": Juan González & Joseph Torres on the Epic Story of Race & the U.S. Media
JUAN GONZALEZ: Well, 2009 was one of the bleakest years in memory for the news industry. One count found that 142 daily and weekly newspapers closed down, nearly triple the number in 2008.
Colorado's oldest newspaper, the Rocky Mountain News, shut its doors last February. The nation's oldest gay and lesbian newspaper, the Washington Blade, abruptly closed in November. The Seattle Post-Intelligencer scaled down to a web-only publication. The Christian Science Monitor became a weekly publication.
Many other news organizations slashed the size of their newsrooms. An estimated 90,000 workers lost their jobs last year in the newspaper, magazine and book publishing industry.
Our next guests argue that journalism should be seen as a public good, that the government should help save American journalism by granting more subsidies to newspapers and media outlets. Robert McChesney and John Nichols make their case in a book titled The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again. They argue that government subsides for journalism have a long history in the United States dating back to the founding of the country, when newspaper and journal publishers received large printing and postal subsidies.
AMY GOODMAN: Robert McChesney and John Nichols write, quote, "Like all public goods, we need the resources to get it produced. This is the role of the state and public policy. It will require a subsidy and should be regarded as similar to the education system or the military in that regard."
Well, Bob McChesney and John Nichols join us here in New York. Robert McChesney is a professor at the University of Illinois. John Nichols is the Washington correspondent for The Nation magazine. Together they helped found the media organization Free Press. Their new book is called The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again.
Welcome, both, to Democracy Now!
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Great to be here.
AMY GOODMAN: Bob McChesney, "the media revolution that will begin the world again"?
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Well, that's a quote from Tom Paine, because we think we're in a moment of crisis right now for journalism, not just the sort of the long-term crisis we often talk about and you chronicle on this program, but really a freefall collapse in which, in the next few years, the decisions we make will determine whether we even have journalism as it's been known traditionally.
The business model that has supported journalism for the last 125 years in this country is disintegrating. There will be some advertising, but much less. There will be some circulation revenues, but much less. And if we're going to have journalism in this country, it's going to require that there be public subsidies to create an independent, uncensored, nonprofit, non-commercial news media sector.
And we argue in the book, as you said, that we actually have a very rich tradition of this. The first hundred years of American history, the founders did not assume the market would give us journalism. There was no such assumption at all. They understood it was the first duty of a democratic state to see that a vibrant, independent, uncensored Fourth Estate exist.
JUAN GONZALEZ: And in terms of the — it's not just in the early years of the republic, obviously, but the government has helped to subsidize the research into all the different technologies, whether it was the telegraph, whether it was radio, whether it was the internet, all of the work that was done by the National Science Foundation to fund the development of the internet. So there is a long tradition of this. But then, why is there so much resistance now to say, well, if journalism is in trouble, what should be the government's role?
JOHN NICHOLS: Well, I think the most important thing that we bring out in the book, perhaps the vital message, is that there is a hidden history of the First Amendment, a history that was really stolen from us as we entered into a commercial age in the last century, century and a half.
At the founding of the republic, there was a deep understanding on the part of the founders that if you promise people freedom of the press, that was a wonderful notion, a great concept, but it was an empty promise, meaningless, if there wasn't a press. You know, you say, "Well, we're not going to censor you." Well, if there's nothing to censor, it doesn't matter. And so, the founders understood, and well into the nineteenth century there was an understanding, that you never censored, you set up a landscape where independent journalism could be practiced and could come in all sorts of forms.
Since then, some of that understanding has remained, with creation of some of the technologies you discussed. But the theft of that definition of freedom of the press, that it really is uncensored, but also easily developed, and that when it's needed it comes into play, that's been stolen. And in the book, we talk a lot about who really drove the development of an understanding of a press subsidy system. It wasn't Jefferson and Madison. They favored it. They thought it was a kind of a necessary evil, you've got to have it. The people who drove it were the abolitionists, the people on the outside, saying the original sin of the American experiment must be addressed, and they said, you know, we've got to have the resources to create independent, dissenting, small-town weeklies, and they did.
AMY GOODMAN: Go into that further. Who were these abolitionists?
JOHN NICHOLS: People you know. People who died, literally, struggling to create independent weeklies. African — freed slaves and runaway slaves, as well.
ROBERT McCHESNEY: And Garrison.
JOHN NICHOLS: Garrison himself. People who were killed at their presses.
The fact of the matter is, at the founding of the country, we had a baseline press subsidy system, but it wasn't sufficient to really sustain it. And so, for decade after decade, there were congressional debates over how to extend it and whether to really take off the postal subsidies for the smallest papers, which circulated, you know, at a local level. It was the abolitionists who fought for it, people like Garrison and others. But the fascinating thing is, when you start to rip open this history, go to the truth, you find that Uncle Tom's Cabin has scenes where post offices are being attacked by Southern slavers who don't want the abolitionist press to be delivered. I mean, this is such rich, good history.
And what we understand, what we come to realize, is that we can create a system in this country today that allows the new abolitionist movements, the new dissenting movements, to have a voice. It won't be a dominant voice. It won't be as much as we'd like. But they can be in play. But if we don't act now, we, the people, as citizens, we're going to end up in a situation where the vast majority of our news and information is packaged by power, by elites, but the same people who didn't want the abolitionists to have a voice 200 years ago.
JUAN GONZALEZ: Bob McChesney, I'd like to ask you, we got reports today, in today's paper, CBS News is laying off another 100 people. ABC News is expecting a new round of layoffs. There are those who argue, well, the internet is providing now the kind of platform in news and information that the old media — radio, TV and newspapers — are no longer able to do so and that the internet will eventually supplant this, this is only a transition period. You argue in your book somewhat differently about the nature of newsrooms and their value vis-à-vis what's appearing on the internet.
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Yeah, it's a really important point, Juan, because, you know, everything is going digital. This program is largely received, or will be, digitally at some point in the very near future, not just on television and radio systems. And it's not a technological argument we're making about one technology supplanting another. We understand the digital times we're in. The argument that's crucial is whether the internet is going to provide the basis for substantive journalism to replace what's disintegrating before us. And we go through this very carefully in the book.
And I think it's obvious that if we want to look at actual resources, so people who get paid money to cover beats, who are accountable for them, who are competing with other journalists, who have proofreaders and copy editors and fact checkers and institutions to support them in their work, they're just not happening online. The resources there barely exist. There are only a handful of journalists who can make a living doing journalism online. And what you have there, too, is if you're seeking out advertising support, it puts journalism in a very compromised position, because there's such a competition for the scarce ad dollars. It really undermines the integrity of news that is essential for a credible free news system.
JUAN GONZALEZ: Well, and even within the old media, newspapers are still the, as I say, the fountainhead of news. I remember once in 1985, I was at Philadelphia Daily News and Inquirer. We were on strike, and we were on strike for five weeks. And all my friends in TV came to me and said, "When are you guys going to go back to work? Because without you, we don't know what to report." This is the TV news.
JOHN NICHOLS: Hey, Juan, let me tell you how real that still is, and this is the scary part. There's a new Pew Center study out. They actually studied Baltimore. They looked at where all the original newspapers came from. They looked at all the independent media, all the online, everything. They found that 96 percent, almost 96 percent — there's a little debate about the precise figure, but well over 90 — came from old media, largely from the daily newspaper, the Baltimore Sun. But here's the scary part: the footnote. The Baltimore Sun is producing 73 percent fewer original news stories today than twenty years ago. So new media is commenting on old media, but it's not filling the void of news. Old media is giving us a lot less.
And so, you say, well, OK, come on, Pew Center folks, tell us, where is the news coming from? Who is generating it, if it's not — well, it's in there. Eighty-six percent of the stories came in the form of public relations, either from government or from corporations; only 14 percent produced by a reporter who went out and tried to speak truth to power. This is a scary zone we're entering.
AMY GOODMAN: So you talk about these press releases and corporations. Let's, instead of talking about old and new media, talk about corporate media and public media. Bob McChesney, you say the crisis didn't come with, oh, the internet is just putting newspapers out of business. Explain that divide and what you think has brought journalism to where it is today.
ROBERT McCHESNEY: There's been a long-term tension between private ownership of media and the public good that is journalism, what we need to govern our own lives. And it really, a hundred years ago, first became a major crisis. And that led — as newspapers became monopolized in city after city, you only had one or two newspapers in most cities in the country by the second or third decade of the century, except in the largest cities. And the solution then was the idea of professional journalism, that was sort of a reckless barrier between the newsroom and the owners and the advertisers. So you could — it wouldn't matter if you only had one newspaper in a town, because professional journalists wouldn't be influenced by their owners or advertisers. They'd be trained at J-schools, journalism schools, to do the right thing.
And that system worked, for better or for worse, into the middle or second — the final third of this last century. But what happened then is you saw the increasing conglomerization, concentration, takeover of newsrooms, both broadcast and print, by large chains. And they basically found a monopolistic environment, so they could gut newsrooms and get away with it, because no one had any alternative. So we saw the diminution of resources to news from the closing of Washington bureaus, of foreign bureaus, of statehouse bureaus, began in earnest in the 1980s, and it accelerated greatly in the 1990s, long before Google existed, long before the internet. By the time the internet came along, what it did is that it just sort pushed over the tottering giant. It accelerated the process. It made it permanent, but it didn't create it, nor will it solve it on its own.
JUAN GONZALEZ: Now you have some solutions, some unusual solutions, that you posited in your book in terms of how the country can invest in the infrastructure of news dissemination for the public. Could you talk about some of those solutions?
JOHN NICHOLS: We try. And one thing that we're trying to do with this book, though, is open a dialogue, not close it. We think we have ideas. We want to throw them in the mix. But we throw them into the mix primarily to get people thinking about it and to say to citizens, you can be part of this discourse about the media that you want in the twenty-first century. You can have more Democracy Now!s. You can have more openmediaboston.org, all these institutions. But you have to figure out how to support them. There's great people out there trying to do it, but they're starving. How do we feed them?
And one of the things we suggest is that we're losing a generation of young journalists right now, kids who want to go into this craft, who love it, for the same reasons that you and you went in some — a few years ago. And we have in America now an Americorps, where we say to a kid who wants to teach, you can go into a community, an underserved, rural or urban community, and start teaching there, and the government will provide a little bit of a stipend, some support. Why not a News Americorps, where we send young people into communities to work at community radio stations, to work in — to develop news sites in underserved places, maybe to supercharge a high school radio station, something like that? And why not, at the same time, supercharge funding to begin to get to something akin to European levels for public media, public broadcasting, and especially community stations around this country? There are simple things we could start doing right now, and these are not recreating the wheel. These are really policy choices.
AMY GOODMAN: What are those European models? How much do they put into public media, Bob McChesney?
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Well, I think the research we did in the book was really mind-boggling and eye-opening. Just start with the American tradition first, our own tradition in the first half of the nineteenth century. We wanted to compute, you know, this federal subsidy from the post office, which primarily was the distribution arm of newspapers — that's 95 percent of its traffic — and the printing subsidies in the first half of the nineteenth century. How significant were they? And so, we actually went back and determined what percentage of GDP they were in the first half of the nineteenth century. If we had the same percentage of gross domestic product today, by the federal government as a subsidy to journalism, how much would the federal government pay? And it was $30 billion. I mean, it was such an enormous investment by the federal government to create a free press. It wasn't just a piddly side thing; it was, after military, the largest expense of the federal government for the first seventy-five years of our history, into the Civil War period.
And then we went to look at other — you know, generally, when people ask about government subsidies, they think of Nazi Germany, Stalinist Russia, Pol Pot. They think of all these terrible dictatorships. We said, well, that's not really the relevant comparison for the United States. We should look at other democracies. What are they doing in Europe and in Asia, and even in third world countries that are democracies? And what we discovered is, all of them, or almost all them, have significantly large public media, community media and journalism subsidies. They vary from country to country, but they're all enormous compared to the United States. And if you look at northern Europe, for example, this average country up there in Scandinavia or Holland or Germany, in US terms, if you put it to per capita basis and put it in the United States, we'd have to spend between $20 and $35 billion a year to subsidize public media and journalism to be equal to those countries.
JOHN NICHOLS: And if I could just add, that figure sounds like a lot of money, especially when everybody in Washington is telling us that we're broke. That's about twelve weeks of the war in Iraq. That's about four or five percent of the first bank bailout. And I would just suggest to you that when you go out and talk to Americans and tell them, for this investment, you can avoid the next war in Iraq, you can avoid the next big bank bailout, because we will really have information to serve civic and democratic purposes, rather than commercial entertainment, you'd be blown away by the extent that they get it. There's a great disregard for the American people, especially in this issue. When we've been traveling around the country, we've been blown away by the extent to which citizens are scared and concerned. They're afraid that we're moving toward something very akin to a propaganda state, and they want to make sure that they have the information to govern. And that investment, while it's a big figure, it's a small figure when you look at what's at stake.
AMY GOODMAN: We're talking to John Nichols and Bob McChesney. We're going to break and then come back. They have co-written The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again. Stay with us.
AMY GOODMAN: Our guests are John Nichols and Bob McChesney. They both founded Free Press, and they've come out with a new book. It's called The Death and Life of American Journalism: The Media Revolution that Will Begin the World Again. I'm Amy Goodman, with Juan Gonzalez.
So, you talk about subsidies for journalism today. People might be saying, wait, what about the separation of press from the state? Won't that compromise it? Bob McChesney.
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Well, you know, it's really the central issue we all care about. I mean, I think there are two great components of free press in the United States in our tradition. The first great component is the one we all know about, that government shouldn't censor content, it shouldn't regulate journalists, it shouldn't prohibit anyone from entering doing media, like any of us. And that should never be compromised.
But the second great tradition of the American free press tradition is that it's the first duty of the state to make sure free press exists. And that part has been lost in the shuffle. One of the striking things we discovered, Amy and Juan, when we did our research is we reread all the First Amendment cases of the US Supreme Court in the last hundred years, all the freedom of the press cases. And what was striking in Hugo Black, in Potter Stewart, in all the great cases, was the assumption that it was the first duty of a democratic government to make sure a credible Fourth Estate exists. Otherwise the entire governance of the country will collapse. You cannot have a democracy and self-government and the rule of law.
And when I read those words initially in graduate school thirty years ago, I didn't pay any attention, because we had a press system. For better or for worse, it existed. You know, you might dispute the quality of it, but it certainly existed in sufficient quantity. And now, though, when you read those words, they jump off the page at you, because we're seeing a disintegration. It really says that if we understand the First Amendment properly, it's not that it condones our creating new media, it demands it.
JUAN GONZALEZ: In terms of some of the proposals you have in the book, you have one, for instance, about a tax — a federal tax credit that would help support media. Could you talk about that? But also in the context of the fact that — I wouldn't say now that journalists have a high rating among the American public, that, generally speaking, there is a sense, in great proportions of the American population, that the media are part of the problem. Now, admittedly, much of that is directed at the commercial media, but even the fact that the nonprofit media doesn't even register that much in terms of the public's concern, the issue then becomes, how do you get the public to marshal behind government support of the media when there's such a public discontent with the media?
JOHN NICHOLS: Look, the first thing you say is, we're not here to save the media that gave you George Bush in a stolen election of 2000 or gave you the war in Iraq. I mean, that was a lousy media system, and if that system is going down, let's not send the Coast Guard out. But, if we're going send the Coast Guard out to save anything, let's save some journalists. Let's save the concept of gathering information and speaking truth to power.
And this — you know, you're right. The surveys will show, do you like mainstream media? No, they don't. But if you ask people, do you want information, and do you want it in an easily accessible way, where I can get it when I need it and not have to spend six or seven hours trolling the internet trying to find the truth? Yeah, they say yes.
You know, we frame our entire dialogue, and our entire message here, not for, you know, somebody who's working in journalism, not for somebody who's got an immense amount of time to consume journalism. We say this is not a dialogue about journalism, newspapers or media. This is a dialogue about democracy. And James Madison, for all of his failings — again, part of this hidden history — James Madison said that a supposedly democratic system without freedom of the press and access to the information that it provides is a prologue to a tragedy or a farce or both. What we're suggesting is, this old media system, for however we refer to it, produced tragedy and farce: a war, an unelected president. What we want to talk about now is how we create a new media system that works and sustains democracy.
And you know what? At every event we've done across the country, and in dialogues all over — and I think, the truth is, you two know this — you start talking about it in that way, and you start saying these are public policy choices that citizens can be involved in, people get very engaged, and they come up with better ideas than Bob and I have written about already. And that's where we want this discourse to go. We don't want to end it; we want to start it. It's going to take a long time, but if we don't have this discourse, I can guarantee you, in the next ten years, we will move to a state where we will look back longingly to the days of the great media of the late 1990s or early 2000s. That's how dangerous the future looks.
AMY GOODMAN: What are the latest issues that the Free Press has taken on? For example, the issue of net neutrality. Where is it now? Are the corporations, the cable companies, the telecoms, writing the legislation that would privatize the internet?
ROBERT McCHESNEY: They are. Right now, the phone and cable companies are putting a full-court press on on Washington to try to get net neutrality eliminated as policy, meaning that they would be able to privatize the internet, in effect, and determine which web servers — which websites, which services come through, and which don't. And they would be like the cable companies. You'd have to pay them off to get through, and they could even prohibit you from going through if they wanted to. And it is a central fight right now. The future of the internet hangs in the balance.
And Free Press is leading the fight. They're fighting at the FCC. They're fighting in the court system. They're basically fighting behind closed doors. They're not doing it at Congress yet, but we have to be authority. And again, in this struggle, compared to journalism, with what Free Press is doing, we're fighting the biggest lobbies in Washington, just about. And these are companies, AT&T and Comcast, that are not free market companies. They're created by government monopoly licenses. They're not very good at what they do. Consumers hate them. But what they're great at doing is buying off politicians. That's their specialty. That's their added advantage over everyone else.
The journalism fight is a little different, though, that Free Press is engaged in, because there, the corporations are heading out the door. They're saying, "See you later. We had a nice run for a hundred years. We cashed in our chips. Now we're moving on to something else." Here, there's this massive void we're trying to fill, and I think it's a different political fight for that reason. And it gives us hope that we could have more success, since the sort of stuff we're talking about will increase journalism. And actually, if you look at European countries, those countries that have instituted the most journalism subsidies for independent, community and public media, for alternative newspapers, the private media prosper, too, the private journalism, because there's a real community of journalism, and the sort of the tide raises all the boats. So, there, I think the political fight is — we're farther away from people envisioning that we have the power in us to change it, but we don't have the same direct corporate opposition that we face in net neutrality, where truly we're fighting giants that are determined to destroy us.
JUAN GONZALEZ: One of the interesting things, though, about this net neutrality fight, what's different, is that they've not only — the telecoms have not only bought off the politicians, they are increasingly neutralizing and winning over major civil rights organizations, so that in the past, where civil rights movement was part of the movement to democratize the media, what's happening now, unfortunately, is, whether it's the National Council of La Raza or several of these other civil rights groups, they're lining up now with the telecoms on this issue and making it a lot more difficult to build a more solid mass movement around it.
JOHN NICHOLS: Well, Juan, these are the struggles we always have. And again, these are — Joe Rogers has this phrase, an offhand phrase, but one that describes it: you know, hungry people fighting over food don't demand what they need, right? And so, we have many groups that have limited resources, especially in this bad economic time, and so the telecoms and others are looking around for anybody that they can influence.
But I want to defend a lot of folks in the civil rights community. Congresswoman Donna Edwards, a person who comes from civil rights and activism, has been just incredibly outspoken on these issues and has fought hard. Members of the Congressional Latino Caucus — or Hispanic Caucus and Black Caucus — we have many allies. Not as many as we want. We're fighting. But I honestly believe that that's not the core challenge. It's a part of it. It's one we have to be concerned about. We've got to do a lot of movement building.
But the core challenge is when policy is made behind closed doors, when we don't have the light of day on it. And that's what the telecoms are trying to do. They're trying to come in at a moment when we have so many other issues we're worrying about — wars and a bad economy and all that — and move behind the scenes. Our great struggle is to push this into the open. And we have, amazingly enough — and I've been very critical of President Obama on a lot of issues, but just the other day, he said, in a YouTube interview, that he's passionately in favor of net neutrality, that it is absolutely essential, didn't back off a bit. And that's important, because everybody's looking for the tiniest opening. The bad guy is looking for the tiniest opening. The President sent a good signal there.
AMY GOODMAN: What about Comcast's takeover of NBC?
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Well, it'd be horrible. It's exactly the wrong direction to go. You know, I think this gets back to the journalism issue again, because, you know, it's funny, people say, well, if you subsidize independent, nonprofit, non-commercial media, you're letting the government get its hands in the way. Well, if you do nothing, what we're evolving to very rapidly in this country is sort of a nexus of corporate power and government power, where corporations are driving it, much like the Gilded Age, but, you know, on steroids. That should frighten anyone who's genuinely concerned about government power. And when you allow — the government allows these companies like Comcast and NBC, both of which were built on government monopoly licenses — these are not
free-market companies, they're built on government monopoly licenses — to merge so that the same company that dominates internet service provision also is producing the content that goes over those wires, so it has a stake in basically setting up a private network.
JUAN GONZALEZ: So, like Cablevison and Newsday here in New York, the same thing.
JOHN NICHOLS: And in communities across this country.
ROBERT McCHESNEY: Everywhere, and wiping out any alternative voices. It is exactly the darkest Orwellian future. It's why the journalism fight now is so important, because it has to be the counterbalance to this combined corporate-government power.
AMY GOODMAN: We have to leave it there. I want to thank you both for being with us. Robert McChesney and John Nichols, their new book, The Death and Life of American Journalism.
"News for All the People": Juan González & Joseph Torres on the Epic Story of Race & the U.S. Media

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
@interface ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers ()

- (instancetype)init;

@end

__attribute__((unused)) static void ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers *self);

__attribute__((unused)) static ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers *new_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init() NS_RETURNS_RETAINED;

__attribute__((unused)) static ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers *create_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init();

@interface ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter () {
 @public
  JavaLangRuntime *runtime_;
}

@end

J2OBJC_FIELD_SETTER(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter, runtime_, JavaLangRuntime *)

inline JavaUtilLoggingLogger *ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_get_logger();
static JavaUtilLoggingLogger *ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_logger;
J2OBJC_STATIC_FIELD_OBJ_FINAL(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter, logger, JavaUtilLoggingLogger *)

@implementation ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers

J2OBJC_IGNORE_DESIGNATED_BEGIN
- (instancetype)init {
  ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init(self);
  return self;
}
J2OBJC_IGNORE_DESIGNATED_END

+ (id<JavaLangThread_UncaughtExceptionHandler>)systemExit {
  return ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_systemExit();
}

+ (const J2ObjcClassInfo *)__metadata {
  static J2ObjcMethodInfo methods[] = {
    { NULL, NULL, 0x2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 },
    { NULL, "LJavaLangThread_UncaughtExceptionHandler;", 0x9, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 },
  };
  #pragma clang diagnostic push
  #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wobjc-multiple-method-names"
  methods[0].selector = @selector(init);
  methods[1].selector = @selector(systemExit);
  #pragma clang diagnostic pop
  static const void *ptrTable[] = { "LComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter;" };
  static const J2ObjcClassInfo _ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers = { "UncaughtExceptionHandlers", "com.google.common.util.concurrent", ptrTable, methods, NULL, 7, 0x11, 2, 0, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1 };
  return &_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers;
}

@end

void ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers *self) {
  NSObject_init(self);
}

ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers *new_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init() {
  J2OBJC_NEW_IMPL(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers, init)
}

ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers *create_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_init() {
  J2OBJC_CREATE_IMPL(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers, init)
}

id<JavaLangThread_UncaughtExceptionHandler> ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_systemExit() {
  ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_initialize();
  return new_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_initWithJavaLangRuntime_(JavaLangRuntime_getRuntime());
}

J2OBJC_CLASS_TYPE_LITERAL_SOURCE(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers)

J2OBJC_INITIALIZED_DEFN(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter)

@implementation ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter

- (instancetype)initWithJavaLangRuntime:(JavaLangRuntime *)runtime {
  ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_initWithJavaLangRuntime_(self, runtime);
  return self;
}

- (void)uncaughtExceptionWithJavaLangThread:(JavaLangThread *)t
                            withNSException:(NSException *)e {
  @try {
    [((JavaUtilLoggingLogger *) nil_chk(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_logger)) logWithJavaUtilLoggingLevel:JreLoadStatic(JavaUtilLoggingLevel, SEVERE) withNSString:NSString_java_formatWithJavaUtilLocale_withNSString_withNSObjectArray_(JreLoadStatic(JavaUtilLocale, ROOT), @"Caught an exception in %s.  Shutting down.", [IOSObjectArray newArrayWithObjects:(id[]){ t } count:1 type:NSObject_class_()]) withNSException:e];
  }
  @catch (NSException *errorInLogging) {
    [((JavaIoPrintStream *) nil_chk(JreLoadStatic(JavaLangSystem, err))) printlnWithNSString:[((NSException *) nil_chk(e)) getMessage]];
    [JreLoadStatic(JavaLangSystem, err) printlnWithNSString:[errorInLogging getMessage]];
  }
  @finally {
    [((JavaLangRuntime *) nil_chk(runtime_)) exitWithInt:1];
  }
}

+ (const J2ObjcClassInfo *)__metadata {
  static J2ObjcMethodInfo methods[] = {
    { NULL, NULL, 0x0, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1 },
    { NULL, "V", 0x1, 1, 2, -1, -1, -1, -1 },
  };
  #pragma clang diagnostic push
  #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wobjc-multiple-method-names"
  methods[0].selector = @selector(initWithJavaLangRuntime:);
  methods[1].selector = @selector(uncaughtExceptionWithJavaLangThread:withNSException:);
  #pragma clang diagnostic pop
  static const J2ObjcFieldInfo fields[] = {
    { "logger", "LJavaUtilLoggingLogger;", .constantValue.asLong = 0, 0x1a, -1, 3, -1, -1 },
    { "runtime_", "LJavaLangRuntime;", .constantValue.asLong = 0, 0x12, -1, -1, -1, -1 },
  };
  static const void *ptrTable[] = { "LJavaLangRuntime;", "uncaughtException", "LJavaLangThread;LNSException;", &ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_logger, "LComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers;" };
  static const J2ObjcClassInfo _ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter = { "Exiter", "com.google.common.util.concurrent", ptrTable, methods, fields, 7, 0x18, 2, 2, 4, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
  return &_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter;
}

+ (void)initialize {
  if (self == [ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter class]) {
    ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_logger = JavaUtilLoggingLogger_getLoggerWithNSString_([ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_class_() getName]);
    J2OBJC_SET_INITIALIZED(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter)
  }
}

@end

void ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_initWithJavaLangRuntime_(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter *self, JavaLangRuntime *runtime) {
  NSObject_init(self);
  self->runtime_ = runtime;
}

ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter *new_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_initWithJavaLangRuntime_(JavaLangRuntime *runtime) {
  J2OBJC_NEW_IMPL(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter, initWithJavaLangRuntime_, runtime)
}

ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter *create_ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter_initWithJavaLangRuntime_(JavaLangRuntime *runtime) {
  J2OBJC_CREATE_IMPL(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter, initWithJavaLangRuntime_, runtime)
}

J2OBJC_CLASS_TYPE_LITERAL_SOURCE(ComGoogleCommonUtilConcurrentUncaughtExceptionHandlers_Exiter)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Jennifer Aniston feels 'sexy' in Justin's shirts
Actress Jennifer Aniston attends the 64th annual Directors Guild of America Awards in Los Angeles. (REUTERS)
Published Wednesday, February 08, 2012
The 43-year-old actress - who is dating Justin Theroux - believes she looks her best when she is dressed casually and loves borrowing the actor's shirts.
She said: "I feel sexy in my jeans and wearing my boyfriend's t-shirt."
Jennifer - who revealed she and Justin are currently house-hunting in Los Angeles so they can "live between both coasts - admits she loves Justin's style, but insists he hasn't influenced the way she dresses, despite what her friends think.
She told the new issue of America's InStyle magazine: "First of all, he has great style - it's very specific, and it has been his style forever. Has it influenced mine? No, but I know people say it has. 'Oh, look, you're dressing alike.' And I think, No I'm not. I've had this jacket for three years!"
The former 'Friends' star - who was previously married to Brad Pitt and has been romantically linked with stars including Gerard Butler and Vince Vaughn - says she has learned more about what she looks for in a boyfriend as she has gotten older.
She said: "Having experienced everything you don't want in a partner over time, it starts to narrow down to what you actually do want.
"As I get older I realise what qualities are important in love and what suits me. And what I won't settle for."


text:
Jassie Gill's new track from 'Alll Rounder' is all about love
Mumbai , 28 Oct 2021
Jassie Gill is back with a new album that consists of 10 chartbusting numbers. Titled 'Alll Rounder' the album has a mix of tracks across genres and the first song to come out is 'Surma', a peppy love number.Talking about the track, Jassie says, "I feel really happy to bring this song and my first album to my fans. This song is about what it feels like when you're suddenly hit by a tornado of excitement, eagerness, attraction and love for someone you've just about met."He also made a special dedication with regards to the song as he added, "This song is for all those people in love, waiting for those feelings to be acknowledged and reciprocated by their special someone. The rest of the album captures different shades of romance which I hope my fans will really enjoy."
The song talks about the phenomenon of love at first sight and what happens thereafter. Through its catchy lyrics and mesmerising visuals, the song delves into the deepest corner of a lover's heart. It paints the narrative of his emotions as he eagerly awaits his lady love's approval.'Surma' also features vocals by Asees Kaur, vocals that add more flavour to the track. The song has been composed by Preet Romana with lyrics penned by Raj Fatehpuria and shot by Navjit Buttar in Dubai.Presented by EYP Creations, the track is one of the many forthcoming releases from Jassie's album, 'Alll Rounder', which offers a bouquet of 10 tracks marking Jassie's highest score of songs as part of a single album in his music career, so far.
Tags: Pollywood , Entertainment , Actress , Cinema , Punjabi Films , Movie , Jassie Gill , Alll Rounder
31-Jan-2023 Los Angeles
Jehri Ve: Gippy Grewal & Jasmine Sandlas Drop Power Packed Song From Film Mitran Da Naa Chalda
Sanjay Dutt On Board For the Upcoming Film 'Thalapathy 67'


28 books organised by setting and genre.
Stay with me, Ayobami Adebayo Contemporary. Ilesa, Nigeria.
A horse walks into a bar, David Grossman (Translated from the Hebrew) Present day. Israel.
The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, Arundhati Roy Present day/retrospective. India.
The unmourned (The Monsarrat Series #2), Meg Keneally 1825. Parramatta, New South Wales.
The last days of Ava Langdon, Mark O'Flynn 1974. Katoomba, New South Wales.
First person, Richard Flanagan Present day/retrospective. Gulf country, Queensland, Australia; and an outer Melbourne suburb Australia.
An isolated incident, Emily Maguire Contemporary. Fictional country town of Strathdee in Australia.
The Essex serpent, Sarah Perry 1893. London.
The unseen, Roy Jacobsen (Translated from the Norwegian) Early 20th Century. Barrøy Island, Norway.
Snowblind (Dark Iceland #1), Ragnar Jonasson (Translated from the Icelandic) Contemporary. Siglufjörður, Iceland.
Yesterday, Felicia Yap Alternative reality. Cambridge, England.
In a dark, dark wood, Ruth Ware Contemporary. England.
The girl before, JP Delaney Contemporary. London.
Five rivers met on a wooded plain, Barney Norris Contemporary. Salisbury, England.
Fallow, Daniel Shand Contemporary. Scottish Highlands.
The north water, Ian McGuire 1859. From Hull, England through the North Atlantic Sea to North-west Passage.
Homegoing, Yaa Gyasi Late 18th Century to present day. Ghana Africa; and Mississippi and Harlem USA.
Barkskins : a novel, Annie Proulx 17th Century to 20th Century. Canada and USA.
The sport of kings, C.E. Morgan 1770s to mid-2000s. Kentucky USA.
The Grownup, Gillian Flynn Contemporary. Unstated place somewhere in the USA.
Little deaths, Emma Flint 1965. Queens, New York, USA.
The sleepwalker, Chris Bohjalian Contemporary. Vermont USA.
A book of American martyrs, Joyce Carol Oates Contemporary. Ohio, USA.
The Twelve lives of Samuel Hawley : a novel, Hannah Tinti Contemporary. Massachusetts, USA.
The mare, Mary Gaitskill Contemporary. New York State, USA.
History of wolves, Emily Fridlund Contemporary. Minnesota USA.
Hillbilly elegy : a memoir of a family and culture in crisis, J. D. Vance 20th Century/ present day. Ohio, USA.
Fever dream : a novel, Samanta Schweblin (Translated from the Spanish) Contemporary, Argentina.


text:
Panel Discussion: Modes of Practice
S. R. Crown Hall
The career path stemming from architecture school may seem singular, if not obvious: join a traditional architecture firm and work your way up the ranks. But many individuals have found ways to leverage their architecture educations in the fields of science, design, and art.
On March 11, three such individuals—Benjamin Ball (Ball-Nogues Studio), Doris Sung (DOSU Studio), and Alison Von Glinow (Kwong Von Glinow Design Office)—will participate in a moderated discussion and Q&A session that will reflect on their individual methods of practice and how they've leveraged their experiences beyond traditional architecture practice.
For Ball, whose studio practices at the intersection of art and architecture, that comes in the form of functional art installations. The firm's most recent installation, called "The Best Way Out Is Always Through," is composed of hanging forms echoing the aesthetic of a palm-tree-lined boulevard, improving the walk between the parking lot and terminal at San Diego International Airport.
Likewise, Sung's DOSU studio focuses on the study of dynamic building facades and elements as a way to bolster environmental performance. Focusing on "thermobimetal," a composite alloy made from metals that expands and contract at different rates, Sung designs building components and art installations that respond to different temperatures, a potential energy-saving solution to traditional materials. The studio does not focus on traditional client-based projects, opting instead for more open-ended experimentation.
Finally, as partner and co-founder of Kwong Von Glinow, Alison Von Glinow has worked with partner and College of Architecture faculty member Lap Chi Kwong to reinvent existing private and public spaces with playful architectural concepts that serve as sites for cultural engagements. One of the firm's upcoming projects is a pyramid that will cover Robert Burnier's existing art installation on the Chicago Riverwalk to provide a sheltered space for a moment of respite in Chicago's busy downtown.


It's late February and here I am, changing into my swimsuit for a sea swim in water only a couple of degrees warmer than required for ice swimming competitions – 7.2°C to exact, measured by a thermometer snuggled inside the swimsuit of fellow swimmer Janice, a member of the Facebook group that led me here.
Thryve is a website which is dedicated to celebrating everyday adventures. It has a searchable collection of thousands of adventure activities from across the UK, aiming to promote spending time outdoors and to make it easier for people to find adventure opportunities near to where they live.
© 2018 Leanne Downs. All rights reserved.


It's not often that simple pop art inspired illustrations can aptly reflect the complexity of a character – but French illustrator Malika Favre has created some block colour images for the BAFTA awards that show two sides to the story.
While Normcore is now a mainstream tag for all things boring (see Gap's unfortunate "Dress Normal" campaign) I, as an unexpected fan of the idea, am interested in digging a bit deeper into its roots—and its fantastic design appeal.
Curator began like many apps do. Its founder, architect Daniel Nordh, was working on an iPad, realized a need for something (in this case, a digital pinboard to keep track of notes, photos, and rendering for projects), and couldn't find one.


This first set of photographs of the Saratoga Community Garden Project is from the personal collection of Jackie Welch. Jackie was a staff reporter for the Los Gatos Times Observer and member of the steering committee for the garden project. Used by permission, courtesy of Jackie Welch.
Chris Caswell, master bagpiper (in kilt) was a frequent visitor to the Saratoga Gardens.
A donkey cart in the Saratoga Community Garden. The greenhouse in the background was designed by Alex Horvath, a local Saratoga resident and consistent supporter of the garden project.
This second set of photographs of the Saratoga Community Garden is from the archives of Betty Peck, the original organizer and founder of the project. Many thanks to Lee Anne Welch in scanning these pictures and sending them to Alan-Chadwick.org. Photos used by permission of Betty Peck.
Adrienne Borg (left) and an unknown helper cultivate the soil in the Saratoga Community Garden.
An early view of the Saratoga Community Garden, before gardening activities commenced but after sub-soiling the area with a tractor to break up the accumulated hard-pan.
Garden volunteer worker, Lee Anne Welch, puts finishing touches on the newly constructed glasshouse. This small glasshouse was designed by Alex Horvath and constructed by garden staff and volunteers from materials salvaged from the old Santa Cruz greenhouse complex owned by Frank Reinelt.
The old Odd Fellows chicken coop that was used by the Saratoga Community Garden to house its own chicken flock, as tool storage, and for various craft activities. There was even an old fashioned letter press printing studio at one time, organized by Cindy Masters and using her equipment.
Adrienne Borg and Sue Bolton make yoghurt at the Saratoga Community Garden.
A procession begins the festivities at the traditional May Day festival.
The May Queen (Betty Peck) leads the Maypole ceremony.
Young participants in the May Pole dance at the community garden.
The exhuberance of the May Day celebration with flowers, children and dancing.


text:
Q: Function objects as type fields in Julia Is it possible to store a function object as a member/field of a composite type in Julia 0.3.x?
Since it is possible to assign function objects to ordinary variables, this seems to be possible but I'm not sure how to determine the proper type (there is a Function type but I'm not sure if and how it can be refined to match e.g. functions with two Int32 arguments, and if it's even the right type to consider) for such a field if I want it to have constraints on what argument types the stored function can have. TIA.

A: The Function type is correct - Julia doesn't currently create a more specific type.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Just before Christmas, Kelvin organised the last in the 2018 night-O series at the Old Shooting Butts, near Rugeley, followed by a Christmas meal at the Stag's Leap. Dave has now collated the series results , and it was a draw at the top! So, after consulting the rules, it came down to the 9th result (countback) to determine the winner. Congratulations to Mark Stodgell for winning and Bob as runner up. Congratulations also to Christine Collins as top lady. We had more competitors this year than any previous, so many thanks to all those who organised a race and everyone who ran. The 2019 league starts next week on a new map in Uttoxeter. See you there!
Today was the Mungo Bone, our annual Handicap Run racing for the Mungo Bone trophy (a stag's antler found by Mungo Bone, the collie dog, many years ago). A great turn out today for the run in excellent weather, followed by a social with mulled wine and mince pies. Prizes today were presented by Marlene Palmer. Congratulations to the winners Phil and Oscar and to everyone who ran.
Thanks to Ray for organising, and to Doug, Barb, Andy, Alison, Christine, Marlene, Neil, Carol, and Sue for their assistance in the running of the day.


AS our chances of a military vic- tory increase, it be- comes clearer that . I military victory will - ... 4 not be enough. Vic- tory alone will settle but one thing- that for at least ten post-armistice years and probably longer, German militarists will not choke the whole world in its own blood. That is all victory alone will settle. It is considerable, but it is not enough. It is not enough simply because there are other ways in which the world can run into catastrophe. And if we do not take the right turnings, and take them soon, we may find ourselves fac- ing new wars we may not "win." Such, I gather, is the burden of a re- markable, doubtless brash, doubtless too black-or-white book by an American named Michael Straight, a young econ- omist now awaiting induction as an aviation cadet in the Air Forces. The book is called "Make This the Last War" and is subtitled "The Future of the United Nations." It is a book of mingled exhortation and argument, crammed with facts and statistics over whose interpretation ex- perts will probably quarrel. As I am not an expert, I can only record my im- pression that it will stand as a solid reply u. .. . h' _ "<<C' ....:. I .... ..:. , '\. J I A ') . f BOOKS No Half-way House to two sorts of people. The first is the "realist" who conceives of this war as a kind of enlarged street fight in which we were unfairly attacked. If the war means this, and nothing more, our ob- ject becomes simply to make our op- ponent cry uncle, and the discussion of war aims becomes mere sentimentality. The second and more dangerous kind of American (using the word loosely) is the "realist" who thinks of this war as a new, and not the last, chapter in power politics. His war aim is to have us win ( not necessarily through a total victory) in such a way that we may proceed to the formation of a continental or hemis- pheric bloc capable of carrying on fu- ture wars against other blocs. The slick- est salesman for this viewpoint is a Yale professor named Spykman, whose "Am- erica's Strategy in World Politics" Mr. Straight, with extraordinary self-con- trol, calls a "handy guide for American imperialism." Against these two varieties of "real- ists" (the same realists who helped to lose us the peace last time), Mr. Straight advances a moving, if pretty wordy and doubtless somewhat doctrinaire, plea for an enlarged vision which in the end will prove, he believes, the only practical one. His line, though more concrete, more closely argued, and bold- 47 er in its proposals, parallels at key points the general programs laid down by such dissimilar personalities as Henry Wal- lace, Milo Perkins, Pearl Buck, Wen- dell Willkie, and Sumner Welles. Straight's argument is complex and merits careful study, but the gist of it is simple. For him the war is merely part of a century-long fight to make a mass- production economy work. The Ger- mans have candidly announced that they intend to make it work through the mechanism of a slave society, and to date they have gone a long way toward their goal. We have not yet decided to make it work through the mechanism of a free society. That decision must be made now. To quote Owen Lattimore, "The world can no longer survive half democratic and half colonial, half sub- ject and half free." In Mr. Straight's words, "The war cannot be won until the underlying conditions of world unity have been attained." It is because we have so far failed to lay the founda- tions of these underlying conditions that, for example, Asia is beginning to fall away from us and may be driven by our silence into the arms of a totalitarianism that will merely furnish the springboard for another war. How shall we lay these foundations? They are already present in rough form f \ J M} ; '4@" j 6 u ,1 t M ( , . t \,t,.! ) ; .," . ," .' :.'. ::); :::;' . ....; ..... .:.' :,: %/;: .,' ....... ::::....... : . :.::,:>:=:".:. }f.:. tt w\l'$i- ;.....:.....:.:: . ..r::/::: : $.il W- , - ((Westbrook Pegler seems happy today. I'll bet his wife is glad." :;:"::;tL:: .:. /:::: j:::::!i ::,: ;? :' .


text:
package lab.meteor.io.table;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;

public class DataRowCollection implements Iterable<DataRow> {

	List<DataRow> rows;

	final DataTable table;

	DataRowCollection(DataTable table) {
		this.table = table;
		rows = new Vector<DataRow>();
	}

	public DataRow newRow() {
		return new DataRow(this);
	}

	public DataRow get(int index) {
		return rows.get(index);
	}

	public DataRow set(int index, DataRow row) {
		if (row == null || row.index != -1 || row.rows != this) return null;
		DataRow r = rows.set(index, row);
		r.index = -1;
		row.index = index;
		return r;
	}

	public int size() {
		return rows.size();
	}

	public boolean isEmpty() {
		return rows.isEmpty();
	}

	public void clear() {
		for (DataRow r : rows) {
			r.index = -1;
		}
		this.rows.clear();
	}

	public boolean add(DataRow row) {
		if (row == null || row.index != -1 || row.rows != this) return false;
		row.index = rows.size();
		rows.add(row);
		return true;
	}

	public boolean add(int index, DataRow row) {
		if (row == null || row.index != -1 || row.rows != this) return false;
		rows.add(index, row);
		reindexAfterAdd(index);
		row.index = index;
		return true;
	}

	public boolean remove(DataRow row) {
		if (row == null || row.index == -1 || row.rows != this) return false;
		rows.remove(row);
		reindexAfterRemove(row.index);
		row.index = -1;
		return true;
	}

	public DataRow remove(int index) {
		DataRow r = rows.remove(index);
		reindexAfterRemove(index);
		r.index = -1;
		return r;
	}

	public DataColumnCollection getColumns() {
		return table.columns;
	}

	public DataTable getTable() {
		return table;
	}

	public Iterator<DataRow> iterator() {
		// TODO
		return rows.iterator();
	}

	void move(int oldIndex, int newIndex) {
    	DataRow c = rows.remove(oldIndex);
    	rows.add(newIndex, c);
    	reindex(oldIndex, newIndex);
    }

	void reindexAfterAdd(int newIndex) {
    	reindex(rows.size() - 1, newIndex);
    }

    void reindexAfterRemove(int oldIndex) {
    	reindex(oldIndex, rows.size());
    }

	void reindex(int oldIndex, int newIndex) {
		if (oldIndex == newIndex)
    		return;
    	else if (oldIndex < newIndex) {
    		for (int i = oldIndex; i < newIndex; i++) {
    			rows.get(i).index = i;
    		}
    	} else {
    		for (int i = oldIndex; i > newIndex; i--) {
    			rows.get(i).index = i;
    		}
    	}
	}

}


When you're ensconced in a striped bench at this bar in Barrio Alto, you'll feel like you're in a curios shop or offbeat museum.
The five rooms of Pavilhão Chinês, in Bairro Alto, essentially compose a small gallery that flaunt a staggering collection of antiques. Here, there are plates on walls, statues propped up on tables, and rows and rows of glass cabinets showing off the likes of figurines, fans, and hats. When you're ensconced in one of the striped benches, surrounded by dark wood, you'll feel a bit like you're imbibing in a shop or an offbeat museum. Between rounds of drinks, kick back at the pool table.
A good number of international visitors.
Do the drinks live up to the décor?
It's all about the wacky prop closet vibes, not the cocktails—although the drinks, all classics like the Daiquiri, Rob Roy, and Sidecar, certainly satisfy.
Anything of note about the staff?
The charming bartenders don waistcoats—they're real pros.
To drink—and if your visit is serendipitously planned, take in a fado performance—amid a delightfully wild setting reminiscent of a flea market. The seemingly endless display of curios is real conversation fodder.


251978 – kernel panic : kernel BUG at include/linux/netdevice.h:888!
Bug 251978 - kernel panic : kernel BUG at include/linux/netdevice.h:888!
Summary: kernel panic : kernel BUG at include/linux/netdevice.h:888!
due to node fencing within a day of upgrading.
PANIC: "kernel BUG  at include/linux/netdevice.h:888!"
The chain of events appears to be a period of higher load on one system (e.g.
which is being mishandled by the kernel resulting in a kernel panic.
Patch attached and fix is queued for mainline 2.6.23.
checking the __LINK_STATE_RX_SCHED flag when its clearly improperly cleared.
audited to verify that this is not the case?
of the crash (flag checking) when tg3 is not even on the per cpu poll_list.
dev->poll and remove it from the poll_list in the interim.
the poll_list and results in another type of crash (invalid pointer).
"This patch proposed by Olaf Kirch is not a perfect"
net_rx_action, since we'll never poll from there.
1) What breakage, could you elaborate on it ?
whose list the dev is on, the local_irq_disable is not going to help.
1) did you not read the link I attached in comment #6? I'll attach it again.
kept debug material around until the problem was solved.
with irq_save/restore_flags.  Can you make that change to the patch?
probably was removed for space.
net_rx_action run from a non-interrupt context (e.g. ksoftirqd) ?
use  save_irq_flags or one of its brother functions as I suggested.
running RHEL, they should be a mutual customer, or are they not running RHEL?
If they are not running RHEL?
>net_rx_action runs as a softirq already.
context.  A "globally disabled interrupts" can't prevent the latter.
>I'm glad you found the vmcore, but why can't you provide it to us?
It's company's policy, not up to me to decide.
1) "I couldn't find any save_irq_flags"
spinlock. I'm attaching a new patch to do that.
2) "It's company's policy, not up to me to decide."
Does this patch work ?
the lock, a deadlock ensues.
4) Maybe more ... Just don't want to think about it.
this bug with you.  Maybe it would be easier for you to contact them directly.
INDUSTRIAL SALTILLO SAB DE CV, located in Mexico.
"Does this patch work ?"
execution and write_lock in the in the netpoll path to protect all cpus.
dev it via poll_napi instead.
4) Thank you for the customer contact, I'll work directly with our contact here.
this customer has, are you going to hold all of them for that long duration ?
performance is unacceptable, are you going to redo the patch all over again ?
frames (which are hopefully rare in the nominal case).
>extra lock here at the moment to avoid the race condition.
Your approach in trying to remove the device from netpoll has made the demand.
per cpu poll list can only be touched by its owner cpu in the original design.
Your method has already violated that assumption.
>meaning we ned a shared lock to protect any list it might be on.
which has no relation to one another whatsoever.  A shared lock is a bad idea.
itself especially when net_rx_action is on one of the heaviest path in peak time.
"Your approach in trying to remove the device from netpoll has made the demand"
Your method has already violated that assumption."
that is causing the problem.  Netpoll is able to work on any of the cpu lists.
"Not necessarily.  The goal is to ensure the integrity of the individual list"
this.  If you can, please present it.
worry about performance after we have the system stable.
itself especially when net_rx_action is on one of the heaviest path in peak time."
Again, I know this.  If you have a better idea, please present it.
>that is causing the problem.  Netpoll is able to work on any of the cpu lists.
might be significant that the original designer should be consulted and involved.
>this.  If you can, please present it.
instance will not be held up unnecessarily.
>worry about performance after we have the system stable.
>Again, I know this.  If you have a better idea, please present it.
Same as the first comment above.
Attachment in #23 and #24 are identical.
dev->poll_list once we get a hold of the lock.  The overhead is near 0.
that it may be on, and your patch doesn't add any code to poll_napi to do that.
dev->poll to make this work, otherwise its effectively a no-op.
didn't bother to look further.
poll routines and call netif_rx_complete at the same time, we have a problem.
another one in the process, one not easily reproduced. Thoughts?
Glad you caught it - still can't escape from the netpoll design flaw.
processing.  Let me know what you think.
you like better, and I'll roll a test kernel for our customer.	Thanks!
earlier note as well as some testing report we received here in-house two days ago.
tested first to make sure it's not breaking anything before further discussion.
I'll see if I can do it today.  What do you think ?
skipping the device if its clear.
Let me do some basic testing on my patch first before you put it up.  Thanks.
copy that, I'll focus on testing my patch until I hear from you.
netconsole and netdump during a flood ping.
the patch.  In the meantime, I'll review your latest patch.  Thanks.
previous event.  It removes the dev from the list and exits w/o poll.
it's stalled until maybe the next possible netpoll_poll.
needs to be tweaked a bit to go through this path intentionally.
Yes, I understand your concern and I beleive that the patch should handle that.
immediately recover and catch up.
unfortunately needed for several cases still.
since netdump only sends frames via the netpoll path.
the customer for testing, I would appreciate it.  Thanks!
>for servicing on the same cpu again.
impact on the driver/hw which I haven't really looked into yet.
1) What if quota < 0 ?  It'll lost its turn forever.
2) It will get into deadlock if it doesn't release the poll_lock before "continue"
e1000.  I'll see if I can tally the frequency.
"Ok, but quota > 0 doesn't mean there is work to be done"
will pick it up.  My added code emulates that behavior, and should be safe.
"1) What if quota < 0 ?  It'll lost its turn forever."
path and start receiving frames on the device normally again.
"2) It will get into deadlock if it doesn't release the poll_lock before "continue""
Dang, your right.  I'll fix that up and attach a new version of the patch.  Thanks!
>"1) What if quota < 0 ?  It'll lost its turn forever."
>path and start receiving frames on the device normally again.
the net_rx_action code.  So we're covered.
>of the list, it gets selected again in list_entry.
1) if dev < quota, dev is removed and w/o being rescheduled before "continue" ?
severe impact on upper level protocol behavior, and not one we are likely to see.
adjustment to this patch as I propose above.
in the normal receive path.
results with the kernel at my people page, I've just uploaded the new version there.
net_rx_action is also queued on it.  The patch is good as it is.
interrupt, the softirq/net_rx_action will never be invoked.
>net_rx_action is also queued on it.
netif_rx_schedule, net_rx_action will never gets called.
>called when a hardware interrupt is encountered.
Never mind.  The previous argument is invalid.
especially in net_rx_action ?  That overhead is equivalent to a "locking".
Secondly, why reschedule the dev based on dev->quota > 0 ?
dev->poll a second time in net_rx_action ?
trylock when an interrupt/softirq occurs before the lock is released ?
Comment 53 - Its possible for the hw to interrupt on an another cpu.
turn will set the RX_SCHED bit.
have two cpus reading/writng that flag at the same time.
should be moved outside of the conditional, right before the continue statement.
I'll attch a patch to corect that.
rather easily, yet it doesn't.  We should probably look at this more closely.
implementation and performance-wise while the benefits are little to none.
+	 * neither smp nor irq safe.
flipping back to NEEDINFO this happened b/c of the IT update.
netdump mode, like when the netdump server sends a COMM_SHOWSTATE message.
During these times we won't be able to receive other netdump messages.
this patch to netdev but was rejected for no convincing reason.
get it to occur sooner ?!
fix, then we definately should avoid it here.
we've considered and tested all situations with the patch I submitted upstream.
not tracking this any more since the patch we have here runs fine.
same.  Are there two separate problems in your view?
receive path here, but I'd like to be certain.
because the post I looked at bears no resemlance to your latest patch here.
device in the wrong order and results in it being turned off forever.
above) found in the netpoll code.
netconsole/netdump, otherwise they will experience outages.
You can reopen this if you like, but I'll just close it again unless you can reproduce it on the latest RHEL4 kernel.  Most notably, we fixed bz's 474479 and 477202, which should have fixed this bug as well.