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Гипсокарто́н (от лист гипсокартонный), также сухая гипсовая штукатурка (от ), — строительный материал, представляющий собой лист, состоящий из двух слоёв строительной бумаги (картона) и сердечника из слоя затвердевшего гипсового теста с наполнителями. Предназначается для устройства обшивок, перегородок, потолков в зданиях с сухим и нормальным влажностным режимом. Стандартная ширина листа — 120 см.

История
Гипсокартон изобрели в XIX веке в США. Это сделал Августин Сакетт, который владел бумажной фабрикой. Поиски новых рынков применения бумаги привели к изобретению «строительной доски», толщиной 15 мм. Это был «пирог» из 10 слоёв бумаги, которые скрепляли тонкую полосу гипса. Августин Сакетт получил патент на этот стройматериал.

Но это был только прообраз современного гипсокартона. В том виде, который сейчас является принятым стандартом гипсокартон представил и запатентовал американский инженер Кларенс Утсман.

Описание
Из общей массы листа примерно 91,1 % приходится на двуводный гипс, 5,78 % — на картон, 1 % массы образован за счёт влаги, крахмала и органического поверхностно-активного вещества.

Гипсокартонные листы приклеивают к облицовочным поверхностям гипсовыми мастиками, либо крепят на обрешётку (деревянный или металлический оцинкованный каркас) шурупами.

Различают обычный гипсокартон (ГКЛ) и влагостойкий гипсокартон (ГКЛВ), а также огнестойкий соответственно ГКЛО. Влагостойкий гипсокартон предназначен для работ в помещениях с повышенным содержанием паров в воздухе (например, в ванных комнатах). Огнестойкий гипсокартон применяется в отделке порталов каминов и других мест вблизи источников открытого огня.

Существует также гипсоволокнистый лист ГВЛ, отличающийся повышенной прочностью. Также существует акустический гипсокартон с повышенной звукоизоляцией.

Гипсокартон — не новое явление в России. В Советском Союзе гипсокартон использовался ещё с 1950-х годов.

Применение
Гипсокартон надёжно прижился на стройке — это простой в работе, недорогой, удобный и практичный материал для изготовления стен (перегородок) и их выравнивания (например, для подготовки стены к укладке кафеля).

В простейшем варианте такая перегородка состоит из решетчатого каркаса, состоящего из вертикальных брусьев на расстоянии 40-60 см друг от друга, на которые с двух сторон крепится гипсокартон. В жилых домах каркас, как правило, бывает деревянный (в США типично использование деревянных брусьев сечением в 1,5 на 3,5 дюйма, т. н. «2x4»), в России чаще используются металлические профили. Популярен простой метод звукоизоляции, при котором вертикальные брусья ставятся зигзагом (так, чтобы ни один брусок не соприкасался одновременно с листами с обеих сторон стены), а пространство между листами заполняется стекловатой. Выемки от шурупов покрываются шпатлёвкой, на стыки гипсокартонных листов наклеивается специальная армирующая сетка, после чего стыки также заполняются шпатлёвкой. После высыхания нанесённая шпатлёвка шлифуется абразивной шкуркой, после чего законченная стена может краситься стандартными методами.

Гипсокартон также широко используется для изготовления многоуровневых потолков и оконных откосов. В потолках можно скрывать инженерные коммуникации.

Стандартные размеры
Выделяют три основных стандарта размеров гипсокартона, которых придерживаются большинство производителей:
 3000×1200 мм;
 2500×1200 мм;
 2000×1200 мм.

Толщина потолочного и стенового гипсокартона составляет — 12,5 мм, арочного — 9,5 мм.

См. также
 Гипсоволокнистый лист

Примечания

Ссылки

 ГОСТ 6266-97 Листы гипсокартонные. Технические условия

Строительные плиты

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Cooper Companies Crushes Estimates
Seth Jayson, The Motley Fool, AOL.com
Cooper Companies (NYS: COO) reported earnings on Dec. 8. Here's what you need to know.
The 10-second takeaway
For the quarter ended Oct. 31 (Q4), Cooper Companies met expectations on revenues and crushed them on EPS. Gross margins increased, operating margins contracted, and net margins widened.
Cooper Companies reported revenue of $361 million. The eight analysts polled by S&P Capital IQ expected to see sales of $359 million.
Source: S&P Capital IQ. Quarterly periods. Dollar amounts in millions.
Non-GAAP EPS came in at $1.46. The nine earnings estimates compiled by S&P Capital IQ forecast $1.21 per share on the same basis. GAAP EPS of $1.15 for Q4 were 12% higher than the prior-year quarter's $1.03 per share.
Source: S&P Capital IQ. Quarterly periods. Figures may be non-GAAP to maintain comparability with estimates.
For the quarter, gross margin was 62%, 60 basis points better than the prior-year quarter. Operating margin was 18.5%, 300 basis points worse than the prior-year quarter. Net margin was 15.7%, 30 basis points better than the prior-year quarter.
Source: S&P Capital IQ. Quarterly periods.
Next quarter's average estimate for revenue is $318 million. On the bottom line, the average EPS estimate is $1.02. (There are seven revenue estimates and nine EPS estimates.)
For the full year ending 2012, the average estimate for revenue is $1.4 billion. The average EPS estimate is $4.89. (There are eight revenue estimates and 10 EPS estimates.)
Investor sentiment
Of Wall Street recommendations tracked by S&P Capital IQ, the average opinion on Cooper Companies is outperform, with an average price target of $82.38.
Add Cooper Companies to My Watchlist.
At the time this article was published Seth Jayson had no position in any company mentioned here at the time of publication. You can view his stock holdings here. He is co-advisor ofMotley Fool Hidden Gems, which provides new small-cap ideas every month, backed by a real-money portfolio. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
Copyright © 1995 - 2011 The Motley Fool, LLC. All rights reserved. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
df-main
When The Queen Came Across This Giant Elephant, The Moment She Held Out A Banana Was
Brave sheep herding dog saves hundreds creatures as flames encroaches on farm

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Within the field of psychology, extensive research has explored a variety of themes related to development theory from humanism to cognitive. Much of research focuses on graduated stages which indicate a change in complexity both in behavioral as well as cognitive growth. Other theories of development have even focused on ethical development as related to the individual and their community. James Fowler's Stages of Faith is an excellent example of the convergence of a variety of developmental theories and models into a single theoretical paradigm of faith. Fowler believed that individuals change and grow in their faith much like they develop in learning or behavior. He suggested six stages of development which can be applied to people. The earlier stages are related to learning and relationship with one's inner community while the later stages speak to the issues of ethics and social awareness. Fowler's work has been celebrated by theologians, religious educators, and professionals as a milestone in the study of faith and religion. Fowler's work also serves as a template upon which to structure the education of youth and the tailoring of ministry programs in the identification of their faith development.
For all accounts, many see Fowler's work as a classic text, however, it is not without controversy. Within some circles of psychology of religion and religious studies, Faith Development has been all but abandoned. The work utilizing Fowler's stages appears mainly in theological empiricism or pastoral care. There are some exceptions however. Enter Heinz Streib of Bielefeld University. Over ten years ago, Streib saw applicability to Fowler's stages, but not in their typical empirical application. Heinz realized that Fowler's descriptions had descriptive utility in how individuals structure and formalize their belief, but he also recognized that the graduated method of "stages" was empirically and culturally problematic. Particularly, some individuals seek a defined and close knit group identity within their religious tradition and would likely not be concerned with the social justice for others of different faiths. Moreover, from a cognitive perspective, such individuals are also just as happy with simplistic forms of meaning and an authoritarian theological tradition. For Streib, these systems of meaning were not passé or scant in any way, only different. Streib proposed "styles of faith" based in Fowler, but with the fluidity for individuals or progress and digress, faith becomes a much more dynamic process. This podcast explores Dr. Streib's work on Faith Development, Faith Styles, and his current research in the field of Psychology of Religion.
Heinz Streib is Professor for Religious Education at the University of Bielefeld, Germany. There he has established the Research Center for Biographical Studies in Contemporary Religion. He received his Ph.D. from Emory University, Atlanta in 1989, with a thesis on Hermeneutics of Metaphor, Symbol and Narrative in Faith Development Theory (Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1991) and in 1995 he completed his Habilitation at Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universtät, Frankfurt/Main with a thesis on Entzauberung der Okkultfaszination (Kampen: Kok, 1996). He is currently Editor-in-Chief of the Archive for the Psychology of Religion/Archiv für Religionspsychologie.
(Leiden: Brill, 2007) and Lived Religion. Conceptual, Empirical and Practical-Theological Approaches Leiden:Brill, 2008).
Streib's research interests focus on biographical-reconstructive and psychometric assessment of deconversion, fundamentalism, xenophobia and the semantics of "spirituality." His engagement in the psychology of religion includes in a revision of faith development theory in terms of religious styles and schemata, which has lead to the development of the Religious Schema Scale (The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 20(3), 151-172).


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Carriera

Nazionale
Ha collezionato una presenza con la Nazionale albanese nel 1996.

Collegamenti esterni

Calciatori della Nazionale albanese


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The ISU Challenger and Junior Grand Prix series continued this weekend in Finland and Poland respectively with much anticipation focused on the international season debut of two-time World champions Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron at Finlandia Trophy.
The French made a solid start with their short dance which they performed to the slightly left-field choice of Ed Sheeran songs. Their rhumba pattern, twizzles and straight line lift were all graded Level 4, while their two step sequences earned Level 3. The judging panel seemed to be impressed with five programme components scores of 10.00 this early in the season. Their score for the short was 78.09.
In the free dance, Papadakis and Cizeron were weaving their magic spell to Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata" when Cizeron slipped right at the end of a diagonal step sequence. Despite the error, the current World silver medallists posted a free score of 110.16 to give them a comfortable victory with a total of 188.25.
Alexandra Stepanova and Ivan Bukin, who claimed the World Junior title ahead of Papadakis and Cizeron in 2013, finished second in both segments of the event to bag silver overall with 166.88 points. Laurence Fournier Beaudry and Nikolaj Sorensen overcame mishaps and fifth in the free to hang on to bronze with a score of 158.21.
Boyang Jin was not able to finish first in either the short programme or free skating and not all of his quadruple jump attempts were successful, but he did enough to win his first international title in Espoo. Vincent Zhou leaped from sixth to second overall after placing first in the free, while Adam Rippon narrowly finished behind his compatriot to mark a successful return after a long lay off due to injury.
Maria Sotskova put hardly a foot wrong in both of her routines in her international season debut and racked up personal bests for her free (137.61) and total score (205.30) to secure gold. Carolina Kostner had a shaky start to her free when she stepped out of a first triple flip and then immediately singled another one. The 2014 Olympic bronze medallist settled herself and ended up being placed in second. Elizaveta Tuktamysheva had been leading following the short, but too many errors in the free meant the 2015 World champion dropped to third.
Cheng Peng and Yang Jin picked up their first international together as a pair with their win in Finland. Nicole Della Monica and Matteo Guarise, who had been in first following the short, had to settle for second place. Ksenia Stolbova and Fedor Klimov struggled through their free and just about hung on to third.
The sixth round of the Junior Grand Prix in Gdansk, Poland saw more skaters book their places at the Junior Grand Prix Final in December. Alexey Erokhov from Russia won his second title of the series to put himself top of the standings. He will be joined in Nagoya, Japan by Camden Pulkinen who pulled up from fourth after the short to come second. Conrad Orzel from Canada took bronze.
For the sixth week in a row, the ladies title at a Junior Grand Prix was won by a Russian skater. Alena Kostornaia was competing in her first international event and won narrowly over teammate Daria Panenkova. Panenkova's second place gives her a berth in the Junior Grand Prix Final. Kostornaia will try to join her next week when she skates in Italy. Rino Kasakake took her first Junior Grand Prix medal when she finished third in Gdansk.
Poland was the last of four Junior Grand Prix pairs events and the top four all earned Junior Grand Prix Final spots there. Following on from successfully taking an Olympic spot at Nebelhorn Trophy the previous weekend, Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya and Harley Windsor knew they needed maintain their form for another week if they were to have any chance of qualifying for the Junior Grand Prix Final for a second year in a row. They did so comfortably. Daria Pavliuchenko and Denis Khodykin, Anastasia Poluianova and Dmitry Sopot (both from Russia) and Yumeng Gao and Zhong Xie from China will accompany the Australians to Japan in December.
Anastasia Skoptcova and Kirill Aleshin from Russia were also celebrating their Junior Grand Final qualification this weekend as they cruised to the ice dance title in Gdansk. Elizaveta Khudaiberdieva and Nikita Nazarov from Russia won silver with Caroline Green and Gordon Green from the United States taking bronze.


Whether it's the benefits of talk therapy or the pills and tonics they provide, homeopaths in San Francisco are helping people turn their lives around.
When you walk into the Mission Neighborhood Resource Center, a space set up to help some of San Francisco's 7,500 homeless people maintain their health and well-being, you are struck first by the colors: bright blue lockers, yellow and aqua walls, everything painted in toy-box hues. Men and women gather around plastic tables, joking, eating, waiting for their clothes to dry in the washing machines. The center often holds support groups and social events for their clients, including LGBT Saturdays and a weekly Ladies' Night.
You sign in at a desk staffed by a cheerful, pleasant man. Your name goes on the second or third page; the space was designed to serve a few dozen people a day and instead serves hundreds. They form a line down the block before the doors even open. It's two blocks from the heart of the Mission's rapid gentrification, but worlds away.
"As homeopaths," she tells me, "we are part of the cure. We listen like nobody else listens."
The Resource Center also offers mental health services to its clients, many of whom are veterans, abuse survivors, and addicts. A number suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder, a psychological response to violence and other trauma that leads to flashbacks, nightmares, difficulty functioning, and, too often, suicide.
Turn left and go up the stairs. Here you have a choice: straight will take you through a little nest of cubicles, walls dotted with family photos, and into the clinic, which is orderly and clean. It looks like a small neighborhood clinic anywhere in America: a tidy waiting area with a young receptionist behind a big desk, leading off to small, sterile exam rooms.
There, the neighborhood's homeless people can access free preventative care, acute services like infection or fever treatment, and disease testing—people living on the street are 11 times more likely to suffer from tuberculosis, and between a third and a half of all those with HIV in the United States are either homeless or are at risk of losing their housing.
But if you turn left instead, you will enter one of two small, messy offices that, once a week, play host to a clinic run by the Homeopathy Institute of the Pacific, or HIP.
The HIP clinic runs every Tuesday morning, staffed by three volunteers who each have their own private practices. Most of its patients are referred by the medical clinic or the mental health staff at Mission Neighborhood Resource Center, usually after the patients have expressed concern over seeing doctors and taking medication. HIP also operates two separate non-profit clinics, one elsewhere in San Francisco and one in Redwood City, California, specifically to treat veterans with PTSD and traumatic brain injuries.
"This room, I can't see vets in. There are no windows, it's like they're trapped in a box," Smith-Schick says, waving her hand around the small turquoise office. HIP started the veterans program because so many of the people they saw in the Mission were vets with PTSD. Those clinics mostly treat low-income vets, and occasionally their family members.
I ask her to tell me a story about someone she'd helped at the Resource Center.
For nausea, a homeopath might give a highly diluted amount of a treatment that causes nausea, on the principle that this will trigger the body to "correct the imbalance."
Homeopaths call their work a holistic therapy, treating the whole person—mind, body, and soul. They spend time talking to their patients, finding out what hurts and what they've been through. Then they prescribe one of a few thousand "remedies," generally in the form of a tablet. The pills contain mostly sugar and filler. The amount of active ingredient used in homeopathic treatments is vanishingly small.
In fact, in modern homeopathy the remedies are diluted to the point where they are unlikely to have a clinical effect. Often, the active ingredients are so diluted it would require absurd numbers of pills, statistically, to get even one molecule of treatment—in some cases, more tablets than there are molecules in the universe. Justifications from homeopaths vary, but usually focus on the idea that the tablets (or water, when the remedies are distributed as a liquid) in some way "remember" the active ingredients on a molecular level.
Many studies have shown that homeopathic remedies are no better than placebo. The studies that support homeopathy are often, as doctor and writer Ben Goldacre has pointed out repeatedly, plagued with scientific problems—for instance, patients may know that they're getting a placebo drug, which taints the results. Goldacre is not alone in criticizing homeopathy. Practitioners are frequently accused of taking advantage of the gullible and desperate, and some people have become very sick and even died because they rejected modern medicine in favor of homeopathy.
Can sugar pills and empathy treat a deadly mental illness in an under-served population? And if they can—and it certainly looks like they can—does it matter that the pills aren't really medicine?
Whatever success homeopathy has is probably due to the placebo effect. But the placebo effect is a genuinely amazing phenomenon. Scientists have discovered it can be helpful in treating chronic pain, gastroenterisis, and symptoms of Parkinson's and depression. There's value in thinking holistically: The mind has immense power over the body. That's why doctors around the world are navigating the tricky moral waters of informed consent to utilize placebos in an ethical way. And though homeopathic remedies themselves may not have any scientific validity, here in the Mission they're helping people turn their lives around.
I asked Bernardo Merizalde, a medical doctor and professor of psychiatry at Thomas Jefferson University, about homeopathy, which he uses on most of the patients in his private psychology practice. "I think homeopathic medicine is a very good, inexpensive treatment modality to help treat people with PTSD. I have used it in my practice with very good results, in combination with psychological therapies," he emailed.
She also stresses that she's not a trained therapist, and often convinces her patients to see one of the therapists on staff at the Resource Center.
The most effective treatments for PTSD aren't drugs at all. They consist of different forms of forcing a patient to relive their trauma, and conditioning them to have a healthier response than full-body shakes and flashbacks. When patients who come in for homeopathic treatment spend an hour telling Smith-Schick about their trauma, it may have similar benefits to this type of therapy. And, when followed by pills and a promise they'll heal, that might be exactly what HIP's patients need.
There aren't any records for how many veterans nationwide seek homeopathic remedies for PTSD, but HIP sees a few dozen a month. Smith-Schick showed me a video testimonial from one of her patients at the veteran's clinic. He describes a dramatic change over six weeks, during which he took two doses of a remedy.
Smith-Schick has always been a listener. "When I was in college, strangers on the street would come up to me and tell me their life stories. I must have a sign on my head that says, 'Tell me more,'" she says. She came to homeopathy after working in an emergency room, and feeling uncomfortable seeing patients boomerang to the hospital with complications from their medication. Now, she finds her work with HIP to be the most rewarding part of her job.
"I say, I have to work my private practice around the clinic hours. My friends say, what's wrong with you? It should be the other way around. But I just don't think that way. If someone needs help, they should get it," Smith-Schick says.
Christina Garelli, another volunteer, was an architect before she was a homeopath. When her daughter was diagnosed with a genetic condition that caused a great deal of pain, doctors failed to treat it. Homeopathy, though, worked. So Garelli dropped everything to become a homeopath herself. Johanna Abate, the third homeopath at the clinic, attended a four-year program at the Institute of Classical Homeopathy, which as far as I can tell runs basically like a medical school, with several years of book training backed up by time spent in their free clinic.
Smith-Schick introduced me to Ricardo Newball, the services manager for the Resource Center. With a shaved head and hoop earrings, he looks like a Hispanic Mr. Clean with a short beard. Behind his desk is a cork-board with photographs—before and after snapshots of clients who have gotten their lives together, a picture of Newball 100 pounds heavier than he is now. A shrine to hope, perhaps.
When I ask him about Smith-Schick, Newball exclaims, "Wanda! The one and only!" He describes her ability to spot emotional needs as almost super-human. "Wanda's style is, love unconditionally," he says. "But she's also tough." Initially he didn't care enough about homeopathy to know if he believed or not. But after weeks of hearing him complain about his aching back, Wanda demanded he come in and take a remedy. It worked.
Now he goes to Wanda for pain, insomnia, and the stress of working an emotionally and physically exhausting job. "I make sure everything is ready so operations can run smoothly. When the director's not here, I take over, and when the janitor's not here I clean," he says.
Having his fingers in everything means he sees the best and worst. Many days he sees both—he might get somebody he's known for years homed in the morning, and then hours later get a call that another long-time client has died on the street. It takes its toll. Many of the other staff members go to the homeopaths to help with sleep problems and stress.
This post originally appeared on Medium as "A Sweeter Pill" and is republished here with the author's permission.


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For more than 35 years Taylor Consulting has provided civil and structural engineering services to the Northern Beaches and surrounds. If you're subdividing, building or renovating, you need a team of experienced engineers who can help you put together the nuts and bolts of your development.
Our team has the technical expertise and local knowledge to ensure that the things you build and fix satisfy council requirements and comply with accepted standards of engineering practice. Taylor Consulting prides itself on promptly delivering your plan, report or advice with the expertise and enthusiasm your project deserves.
Our team has a broad range of experience across the civil and structural engineering fields so please submit an inquiry if you have any queries.


In most history classes, the story of Italy begins with the Romans, but the Romans weren't the first people to live in ancient Italy. Who did?
Well, they were called the Etruscans, and they had their own fully-formed, complex society before the Romans came barging in. The Etruscans lived just north in Rome, in Tuscany. Originally, they just lived one-room huts on the Italian plateau. They herded pigs, sheep, and cattle, and farmed all sorts of wheat crops. The Romans would like you to believe that that's how they found the Etruscans, but that couldn't be farther from the truth.
Over four centuries, these little villages of huts grew into bustling ancient metropolises. The Etruscans dominated Italy, trading with other flourishing cultures like Greece and the Near East. They traded iron tools and weapons, Etruscan pottery, gold, and silver across the Alps to the Carthaginians, Phoenicians, Greeks, and other nations, and imported slaves, raw materials, and Greek pottery.
Who Were These Guys, Anyway?
The Etruscan government began as a monarchy, but eventually evolved into a sophisticated oligarchy, or rule of a few elite members of society. Different Etruscan cities met annually in what was called "The Etruscan League", much like Greece's "Peloponnesian League". The cities traded with each other, fought each other, and competed over resources and trade routes.
They were a polytheistic society, worshiping all sorts of gods that were thought to govern everyday life. They had their own pantheon, but also readily adopted the Greek pantheon, which would eventually translate to the Romans. The Etruscans were famous for their augury (omen-reading from birds and weather), and haruspicy (reading the entrails of sacrificed animals). Later, when Rome conquered Italy, Etruscan sorcerers were highly prized members of Roman households.
But the Etruscans were most famous for their art, namely their gorgeous tomb paintings, bucchero pottery, and bronze working. Most Etruscan art dates to the early 7th century BC.
The tomb paintings were a luxury that could only be afforded by the rich. The paintings were applied either directly to the tomb wall, or otherwise to a thin base layer of plaster. Artists used bright, vibrant colors that still blaze on tomb walls today, depicting scenes of music, hunting, sports, processions, dining, and dancing. Sometimes, the tombs also depict famous battles. These paintings tell us a lot about Etruscan life and social attitudes. For instance, according to paintings of married women at banquets and their accompanying inscriptions, Etruscan women were fairly equal to men in comparison to other contemporary cultures.
The Etruscans were also famous for their glossy black pottery, called "Bucchero". They created all sorts of shapes, including bowls, cups, jugs, utensils, and even animals and people. Etruscan pottery was widely traded across the ancient world.
Bronze work was another specialty, and had been since the birth of Etruscan civilization. They made all sorts of items out of bronze, but they were most famous for their intricate, highly-skilled figurines. Few examples have survived, but the most famous surviving piece is the Chimera of Arezzo.
Eventually Rome would begin her conquest of Italy. The Roman Empire began absorbing the Etruscans in 396 BC. Ancient Rome owes a lot to the Etruscans, from its pantheon of gods to its architecture. The Tuscan column, arched gate, private villa with atrium, tombs, and large-scale temples would become Roman architectural staples.
The Romans would also adopt the Etruscan robe as their own 'toga', speak the Etruscan language, write with an adaption of their alphabet, and turn the Etruscan victory procession into the Roman Triumph. The Etruscan way of laying out cities would become Roman efficiency, and Etruscan augury and soothsaying would become key components of Roman religion. No other early civilization in history besides Greece has contributed so much to the Empire of Ancient Rome.


Is Kybella Really Effective to Reduce My Double Chin?
No one likes the unsightly submental fat that accumulates under the chin, giving what is classically referred to as a double chin. To combat those fat cells, Kybella offers an injectable solution that has been approved for use by the FDA.
This issue is more common than many realize, mainly due to the lack of treatment options. The submental fat can add the appearance of old age and obesity regardless of actual age or weight, and because genetics is the cause the fat won't respond to diet or exercise. Kybella, however, is a fat dissolver that works similarly to liposuction, but without any unpleasant scars or unnecessarily long recovery time. This product has been featured on Good Morning America, and some even call it the best thing to happen to the cosmetics industry since Botox.
Other side effects might include trouble swallowing or nerve damage to the facial muscles, but these are exceptionally rare.
The cosmetic procedure itself is completely non-surgical, so it can be performed easily and without much pain or recovery time. First, a topical anesthetic will be applied, and a special grid will be drawn on your skin for the injection site. Your skin specialist will use the guide grid to make the 14-50 injections necessary for the procedure. The total time for the procedure is approximately 20 minutes, and afterward, you can walk out without any hassle.
The secret to Kybella is its formulation. The solution is primarily deoxycholic acid, a compound found in the body that promotes the disintegration of fat cells. Two separate clinical trials confirmed the effectiveness of Kybella at reducing the appearance of submental fat. A combined 82 percent of adults with substantial submental fat who were given the treatment experienced significant improvement after twelve weeks. Reviews for Kybella have been incredibly positive, and nearly every patient is satisfied with the results.
If you would like to benefit from the fat dissolving abilities of Kybella, contact the Calabasas Dermatology Center in Calabasas, California today for a consultation or to schedule an appointment.


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"When I was given a female cat and her litter of five for my barn, I was told by the person the cats had been fixed. WRONG..."
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"Dedication and true devotion to rescue animals that might have not been given another chance in life, such as my little..." via Marie W.


In this article, we will show you various useful ways of doing arithmetic's in the Linux terminal. By the end of this article, you will learn basic different practical ways of doing mathematical calculations in the command line.
The expr command evaluates expressions and prints the value of provided expression to standard output. We will look at different ways of using expr for doing simple math, making comparison, incrementing the value of a variable and finding the length of a string.
The following are some examples of doing simple calculations using the expr command. Note that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells, for instance the * operator (we will look at more under comparison of expressions).
Next, we will cover how to make comparisons. When an expression evaluates to false, expr will print a value of 0, otherwise it prints 1.
You can also use the expr command to increment the value of a variable. Take a look at the following example (in the same way, you can also decrease the value of a variable).
$ expr length "This is Tecmint.com"
bc (Basic Calculator) is a command-line utility that provides all features you expect from a simple scientific or financial calculator. It is specifically useful for doing floating point math.
Once installed, you can run it in interactive mode or non-interactively by passing arguments to it – we will look at both case. To run it interactively, type the command bc on command prompt and start doing some math, as shown.
The following examples show how to use bc non-interactively on the command-line.
Awk is one of the most prominent text-processing programs in GNU/Linux. It supports the addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus arithmetic operators. It is also useful for doing floating point math.
You can use it to do basic math as shown.
If you are new to Awk, we have a complete series of guides to get you started with learning it: Learn Awk Text Processing Tool.
That's all! In this article, we have explained various useful ways of doing arithmetic's in the Linux terminal. Feel free to ask any questions or share any thoughts about this article via the feedback form below.
Thanks for sharing, we'll check it out.
It is nice, but a calculator (physical or software) seems much easier.
Awk is a special case since this is basically an interpreter of the awk language. Like that, you could also use perl, python, php, with oneliners.
Many thanks for sharing this, we are grateful.
Great, thanks for sharing this.
Okay, thanks for mentioning, we'll include it here.
Interesting! Saved as a bookmark!
Great, thanks for the feedback.


A. Sakyiama takes the reader on an interesting journey as she retells anew some of the stories shared under starry and moonlit skies, and around many a fireplace. … a great read for the young reader as well as those who are seasoned.
If you love story time, you'll be right at home here. I love stories too.
Here, you can follow the antics of wily African folktale characters like Kweku Ananse, who is sometimes a spider, sometimes a man, and sometimes both!
You will also find fantastical tales about why things are the way they are. Then, there are the stories of animals that talk, brave kids, foolish ones, monsters that eat people, and so on.
Come on in and poke around, there might be a story or two in my blog. Or, get started right away by checking out the books.
Your browser does not support embedded videos. Here is the book page for Today's Water and Other Ananse Stories.
The year has come around.


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David Koch Resigns From the Board of the American Museum of Natural History
David H. Koch has resigned from the board of the American Museum of Natural History in New York after serving as a trustee for 23 years. Koch, an industrialist and noted arts patron (the
M. H. Miller
Scientists Petition to Have David Koch Removed From Natural History Museum Boards
Scientists including climatologist James Hansen and ecologist George Woodwell have drafted an open letter to science museums across the country to reject money from David Koch, founder of…
Met Museum Will Renovate Fifth-Ave Plaza
New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art is getting a facelift. The museum has announced that the four-block-long outdoor plaza that runs in front of its landmark Fifth Avenue facade from 80th to 84th…
Feb 8, 2012 12:03 pm


We started out nearly ten years ago with the goal of helping fans share and discover music. But despite best intentions, we made very serious mistakes. We failed to secure licenses from rights holders for the vast amount of music on the service.
That was wrong. We apologize. Without reservation.
At the time of our launch, few music services provided the experience we wanted to offer – and think you deserve. Fortunately, that's no longer the case. There are now hundreds of fan friendly, affordable services available for you to choose from, including Spotify, Deezer, Google Play, Beats Music, Rhapsody and Rdio, among many others.
If you love music and respect the artists, songwriters and everyone else who makes great music possible, use licensed service that compensates artists and other rights holders holders. You can find out more about the many great services available where you live here: http://whymusicmatters.com/find-music.
As you can read, Groovesharks is now advising its users to obtain their music from sources that compensate the artist for their work. Some of their recommended services include Spotify, Deezer, Google Play, Beats Music, Rhapsody and Rdio. Take this with a grain of salt. Although this could be written by Grooveshark themselves out their heart and admitting that what they were doing was unlawful, it could also be that the music labels forced them to write it as part of the settlement.


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@API(apiVersion = "2.0", owner = "BuildCraftAPI|core", provides = "BuildCraftAPI|transport")
package buildcraft.api.transport;
import cpw.mods.fml.common.API;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This review is for the Dreams & Nightmares box from LiyJoy Crates. This review contains spoilers. All reviews will be an honest review. Reviews include comments on content, price and postage.
My first review is for the Monsters & Muses box from Behind the Pages. This review contains spoilers. All reviews will be an honest review. Reviews include comments on content, price and postage.
Synopsis: Sarai has lived and breathed nightmares since she was six years old.
Review: To be honest, I don't even know where to start with the perfection that is Muse of Nightmares. I could never do this book justice, so I am not even going to try to be comprehensible; I am just going to fangirl over it.
Synopsis: A princess, a traitor, a soldier, a hunter and a thief.
Five teenagers with the fate of the world in their hands.
Five nations destined for conflict.
In Brigant, Princess Catherine prepares for a political marriage arranged by her brutal and ambitious father, while her true love, Ambrose, faces the executioner's block.
In Calidor, downtrodden servant March seeks revenge on the prince who betrayed his people. In Pitoria, feckless Edyon steals cheap baubles for cheaper thrills as he drifts from town to town.
And in the barren northern territories, thirteen-year-old Tash is running for her life as she plays bait for the gruff demon hunter Gravell.
As alliances shift and shatter, and old certainties are overturned, our five heroes find their past lives transformed and their futures inextricably linked by the unpredictable tides of magic and war.
Who will rise and who will fall? And who will claim the ultimate prize?
Review: This was my first venture into a Sally Green world, and I have to admit, I was left with some mixed feelings.
Synopsis: Princess Lira is siren royalty and the most lethal of them all. With the hearts of seventeen princes in her collection, she is revered across the sea. Until a twist of fate forces her to kill one of her own. To punish her daughter, the Sea Queen transforms Lira into the one thing they loathe most—a human. Robbed of her song, Lira has until the winter solstice to deliver Prince Elian's heart to the Sea Queen or remain a human forever.
Review: This title peaked my interest – why? Well, because I don't like mermaids. Well that isn't entirely true – I just generally don't like mermaid stories. I don't know why. But, I do love dark stories, so this one certainly had me interested.
Synopsis: We don't pick and choose what to be afraid of. Our fears pick us.
Tash Carmody has been traumatised since childhood, when she witnessed her gruesome imaginary friend Sparrow lure young Mallory Fisher away from a carnival. At the time nobody believed Tash, and she has since come to accept that Sparrow wasn't real. Now fifteen and mute, Mallory's never spoken about the week she went missing.
As disturbing memories resurface, Tash starts to see Sparrow again. And she realises Mallory is the key to unlocking the truth about a dark secret connecting them. Does Sparrow exist after all? Or is Tash more dangerous to others than she thinks?
Review: A small coastal town. A nearly decade old year mystery of what happened to a missing girl. A girl haunted by her past imaginary friend. A decade of falsehoods and lies, therapy and wondering. Now it will all come crashing back into Tash Carmody's life.
Synopsis: Zélie Adebola remembers when the soil of Orïsha hummed with magic. Burners ignited flames, Tiders beckoned waves, and Zelie's Reaper mother summoned forth souls.
Review: Children of Blood and Bone was one of the most promoted and highly anticipated books of 2018 – and I can totally see why. Debut author Tomi Adeyemi has crafted a fascinating story to submerge yourself in with the first in what I am sure will be an amazing trilogy.
Synopsis: Seventeen-year-old Alice and her mother have spent most of Alice's life on the road, always a step ahead of the strange bad luck biting at their heels. But when Alice's grandmother, the reclusive author of a book of pitch-dark fairy tales, dies alone on her estate – the Hazel Wood – Alice learns how bad her luck can really get. Her mother is stolen away – by a figure who claims to come from the cruel supernatural world where her grandmother's stories are set. Alice's only lead is the message her mother left behind: STAY AWAY FROM THE HAZEL WOOD.
Review: City of Brass was one of my most anticipated 2018 releases. I had heard so much about it from those over the pond (the US got it earlier), and this fantasy debut had me all excited. So did it live up to my expectations? Absolutely!!!
Review: A type of fairytale retelling, a creepy one at that, is right up my ally. I was very much looking forward to The Hazel Wood, and while I did really enjoy it, I didn't completely love it.
Review: I was very excited for The Cruel Prince, I mean, who does fae better than Holly Black? Black's fae are dark, mysterious, ruthless, devious, cruel and alluring. And while I did see all these appealing traits in this book, the fae were not quite as dark or underhanded as I had imagined they would be.
Synopsis: Here is a thing everyone wants: a miracle.
Review: Maggie and miracles, now here was a book to get excited about. I mean, what was not to love about the prospect of this book? It was Maggie (and I love her writing), a beautiful cover (which I am always a sucker for) and it is a standalone (always a welcome touch).
Review: Wow. Another fantastic instalment in the The Diviners series!


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37 civilians, 86 forces personnel killed in 587 incidents of violence in Jammu and Kashmir in 2018: MHA
Photograph by Bhat Burhan for The Kashmir Walla
37 civilians and 86 forces personnel were killed in Jammu and Kashmir in 2018 while 589 incidents of violence occurred so far this year, the Rajya Sabha was informed Wednesday.
Union minister of state for home Hansraj Ahir also said 238 militants were killed by the forces in Jammu and Kashmir till December 2, 2018.
"There are instances of stone pelting during anti-militancy operations in Jammu and Kashmir. The state government has reported that 759 cases have been registered against stone pelters in 2018," he said replying to a written question.
There were 587 incidents of violence in the state till December 2 this year in which 86 forces' personnel and 37 civilians were also killed.
In the corresponding period in 2017, there were 329 incidents of militant violence in the state in which 200 militants were killed while 74 forces' personnel and 36 civilians were also killed in these incidents.
Ahir said the violence in Jammu and Kashmir has been "sponsored and supported" from across the border and it has direct links to the infiltration. (with inputs from PTI)
Previous articlePolitics of hate rejected, Congress will emerge as single largest party in J&K assembly elections: G A Mir
Next articleCASO launched in Sopore village
J-K reports 3251 new Covid cases, 4 deaths
Kashmir News Desk
Omar, Mehbooba call press club takeover 'state sponsored coup'
Kashmir's journalist bodies call press club takeover 'illegal, arbitrary'
Pulwama man arrested for 'anti-national activities' on social media: Police


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Home > North America > Canada > Sweeping Changes to Ontario's Labour and Employment Laws Proposed in OCW Final Report
Sweeping Changes to Ontario's Labour and Employment Laws Proposed in OCW Final Report
By John Mastoras on May 23, 2017 Posted in Canada
Today the Government of Ontario released the much anticipated Changing Workplaces Review Final Report. As special advisors C. Michael Mitchell and the Honourable John C. Murray note in their report, this is the first independent review in Canada to consider specific legislative changes to both employment standards and labour relations in a single process. Their sweeping recommendations for changing both the Ontario Employment Standards Act, 2000 ("ESA") and the Labour Relations Act, 1995 ("LRA"), if adopted, would usher in a new array of workplace rights in the province.
The 420-page Final Report includes over 170 recommendations on a wide range of issues, including specific recommendations to the following:
expand the ESA definition of "employee" to include dependent contractors;
change the ESA managerial exemption to a "salaries plus duties" test;
increase paid vacation to three weeks after five years of employment;
disclose employee lists and contact information to unions when they have support of approximately 20% of the employee in the bargaining unit;
add provisions to the LRA to address the consolidation and amendment of bargaining units;
revise the LRA to incorporate a model of broader-based bargaining for franchisees;
deem temporary help agency employees performing work for clients of the agency to be employees of the client for the purposes of the LRA; and
expand LRA successor rights to apply to building services industries (security, food services and cleaning)
While the foregoing, and more, will be the source of real consternation for many employers, it is noteworthy that the special advisors have also recommended repealing the requirement to obtain Ministry consent to work 48 to 60 hours a week, leaving the overtime threshold at 44 hours in a week, and preserving the secret ballot process for certification with some modification.
Significantly, in addition to the specific recommendations, the special advisors have recommended consolidating the ESA, LRA and the Occupational Health and Safety Act under a single Workplace Rights Act, subject to a process of independent review every five to seven years. The consolidated Act would be comprised of three parts entitled: Rights to Basic Terms and Conditions of Employment, Rights to Collective Bargaining, and Rights to a Safe and Healthy Workplace.
Stay tuned — in a short statement releasing the Final Report, Minister of Labour Kevin Flynn stated that the government will be announcing its formal response to the Final Report recommendations within the next week.
Tags: Employment & Labour, employment standards


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What are 5 examples of simple sentences?
Examples of simple sentences include the following:
Joe waited for the train. "Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb.
The train was late.
Mary and Samantha took the bus.
I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station.
Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station early but waited until noon for the bus.
Can 1st graders write?
Children in first grade are able to write simple but complete sentences, and they are beginning to understand when to use capital letters, commas, and periods. In their writing, you'll see a combination of invented and correct spelling (especially words from a word wall or vocabulary list).
What is a complete sentence grade 1?
A full sentence has a subject, a verb and expresses a complete thought. Sentence fragments are missing one of these elements. In these grade 1 grammar worksheets students are asked to identify full sentences vs fragments.
When should you start a paragraph?
Use your first paragraph to establish the house and a separate paragraph to establish your protagonist's feelings about it. When you change time or location: Whenever you skip forward or backward in time or move from one location to another, start a new paragraph.
Who used in a sentence?
Who sentence example. The boy who sat beside him was his son. Who had handed it to her? Are you going to tell me who he is?
What is the minimum sentences for a paragraph?
If we look around, we'll find that the idea of paragraphs with a minimum of 3-5 sentences and a maximum of 8 is pretty common. But there are some who say that two to three paragraphs per page are best and others who say that 5 to 7 lines will do the job.
How much sentences are in a paragraph?
Aim for three to five or more sentences per paragraph. Include on each page about two handwritten or three typed paragraphs. Make your paragraphs proportional to your paper.
Can you have a 2 sentence paragraph?
A paragraph, according to Merriam-Webster is "a subdivision of a written composition that consists of one or more sentences, deals with one point or gives the words of one speaker, and begins on a new, usually indented line." That's right — a paragraph can (and often does) contain just one sentence.
How many sentences are in a paragraph for 7th grade?
How do you write a paragraph for a first grader?
In 1st grade, the beginning sentence in paragraph writing is called the topic sentence. The topic sentence is an introduction to the main idea of the paragraph before adding any details. The detail sentences follow and support the main idea, also called supporting sentences.
How can I help my first grader write?
Beginning-of-year Goals
Write their first and last names.
Hold a pencil correctly (Check out "The Pinch & Flip Method" if they need practice.)
Write from left to right on paper and continue to the next line.
Use "invented spelling" or write down the sounds they hear in words.
Create a story using pictures and words.
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Dark Souls RPG Book
New from Steamforged Games, in partnership with BANDAI NAMCO Inc. and From Software, DARK SOULS: The Roleplaying Game is a complete tabletop roleplaying game of adventure, horror, and tactical combat.
nside the lavishly illustrated, 500-page, hardback core book is everything you need to run thrilling roleplaying campaigns set in the ruinous DARK SOULS universe, including a full set of fifth-edition rules enriched with signature DARK SOULS mechanics.
Uses the fifth edition engine of the world's favourite roleplaying game — it's a familiar system for experienced roleplayers, with a brand new DARK SOULS twist
No additional handbooks needed to play! This is an all-in-one game
10 bespoke new character classes including incredible new abilities, sinister new character backgrounds, and more. Experience a different class in every campaign!
Back to ROLE PLAYING GAMES (RPGS)


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Vera Institute of Justice | For Mental Health Month, a New Initiative…
Think Justice Blog May 23, 2018
For Mental Health Month, a New Initiative Focused on Serving Safely
Leah Pope
Former Senior Research Fellow
Rebecca Neusteter
Former Policing Program Director
In their role as first responders, police officers interact frequently with people with mental illnesses and/or intellectual and developmental disabilities.
It is conservatively estimated that up to 10 percent of calls to police involve persons with a serious mental illness and that 50 to 80 percent of police encounters involve persons with a disability. The frequency of such encounters has led many law enforcement agencies across the country to train their police officers to deal safely and effectively with people in crisis. Even so, the results of interactions are too often tragic: in 2017, for example, mental illness played a role in nearly 25 percent of fatal police shootings.
In recognition of the significant work done in the field over the last several decades as well as the critical need to build additional capacity in law enforcement agencies across the country, this month the Vera Institute of Justice launched Serving Safely: A National Initiative to Enhance Police Responses to People with Mental Illnesses and Developmental Disabilities. As co-directors of Vera's Substance Use and Mental Health Program and Policing Program, respectively, we see this initiative as a critical opportunity for law enforcement agencies to partner with community mental health and other social service providers, as well as with individuals with lived experience and their family members, in developing collaborative responses to people with mental illnesses and/or developmental disabilities.
Our objectives are clear. We aim to:
Develop and facilitate collaborative responses for people with mental illnesses and developmental disabilities who come into contact with the police and their community partners in ways that improve safety for all;
Build a national community of practice for collaborative police responses; and
Contribute to, expand upon, and make widely accessible the available information on best practices, policies, research, and resources in the field.
Critically—and emblematic of the types of partnerships we hope to increase in the field—Serving Safely is an initiative whose work will be driven forward through strong collaboration. Supported through a cooperative agreement with the Bureau of Justice Assistance, Vera is also partnering with leading organizations and experts in the fields of policing, mental health, intellectual and developmental disability, crisis intervention, peer advocacy, emergency medicine, prosecution, and technology development.
Serving Safely offers a chance to reflect on the myriad opportunities for improving the way criminal justice stakeholders interact with vulnerable community members at all stages of the justice system.
As organizations across the country draw attention to Mental Health Awareness Month this May and to the various ways that mental illness impacts people's lives, the launch of Serving Safely offers a chance to reflect on the myriad opportunities for improving the way criminal justice stakeholders interact with vulnerable community members at all stages of the justice system. Certainly, it is incumbent upon individual communities to develop a comprehensive crisis care continuum that offers accessible and acceptable services designed to help people stabilize and promote individual recovery. But it is also vital that police agencies are engaged as partners in this work given how routinely they interact with people in crisis and the dangers that these interactions pose for officers.
Serving Safely will deploy a variety of strategies to build these multidisciplinary partnerships; for example, by providing direct training and technical assistance to policing agencies, by supporting the development of a broadened network of champions in the field, and by developing a curriculum for executives that supports managing comprehensive and meaningful community strategies. By providing these and other resources to police agencies across the country, Serving Safely will equip more police officers with the tools they need to serve safely and, in so doing so, promote a justice system that better serves everyone.
What Happens When We Send Mental Health Providers Instead of Police
For Daniel Prude, Patrick Warren Sr., and Ricardo Muñoz, 911 calls led to tragedy. They are three of at least 97 people killed just last year after police responded to reports of someone behaving erratically or having a mental health crisis, according to Mapping Police Violence. A person experiencing a mental health crisis is more likely to have co ...
Daniela Gilbert
A New Way of 911 Call Taking: Criteria Based Dispatching
A Review of the Literature
As a movement across the country has begun demanding changes to policing and public safety, the need to revisit 911 call-taking and dispatching methods has become urgent. The scope of 911 has expanded and technological infrastructure has evolved, but there have been few advances in the call-taking and dispatching aspects of the system over the last ...
States Should Prioritize Incarcerated People for COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution
Documents reveal that the Federal Bureau of Prisons system plans to give its initial supply of vaccines to its staff. Some state leaders say they will exclude incarcerated people from their vaccine priority groups, in violation of CDC recommendations that people who live and work in congregate settings ought to be vaccinated first. These irrational ...


Check out the following link to see video of all of the readers, including Jeff Parker (who read a "found poem" of Ron Artest quotes, which was hilarious), James Fleming (who read a story about Mr. T which I probably can't explain in a way that make sense), Don Peteroy (who read from his book "Wally"), Juliana Gray (a poet, who also read a few pieces from Erica Swanson), and David James Poissant (who read a quiet piece from the Beloit Fiction Journal, I believe, and who has continually surprises me with the range of his work).
My story was called "How To Tell Whether Your Demon Baby Needs To Go To The Doctor." I think that was the title? Let me know what you think.
This entry was posted in Orlando Literary Scene, Writing Updates and Links and tagged AWP, Burrow Press, David James Poissant, Don Peteroy, Functionally Literate, Jared Silvia, Jeff Parker, Juliana Gray, Mr. T, Nathan Holic, Wally. Bookmark the permalink.
Talking about your baby all the time–or in your case, writing about it–is stale material and a rather lame avenue of expression. The world gets its fill of baby material from the puffy ranks of all the new mothers on Facebook. Don't go soft on us, Ponyboy.
Did you watch the video, or just write this comment after reading the title?


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About Solidarity
Founding Statement (1986)
Basis of Political Agreement
Gendered Violence Process
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Regroupment & Refoundation of a U.S. Left - An Introduction
As part of the preparation for our 2008 Convention, members of SOLIDARITY have begun a political document describing some perspectives for socialist renewal in the twenty-first century. Below is an excerpt from an initial draft of this document. Some of the themes here have also been developed in Solidarity's Founding Statement and our 1997 pamphlet, "Socialist Organization Today."
he opening of the 21st century finds the global working class, social movements, and revolutionary left in disarray. Yet, another world – one freed of exploitation, oppression, war and environmental catastrophe – is possible, and the need to fight for that world is as great as ever. This document attempts to summarize our experiences as members of Solidarity and to draw these lessons into suggestions for today. We lay this on the table and reach out to other anti-capitalist activists, organizers and organizations also desirous of a larger, more powerful grouping committed to revolutionary change. Collective work and analysis is necessary to generalize our experiences and gain a greater understanding of the world we live in. Changing this alienating, dehumanizing profit-driven political and economic system requires an accurate understanding of our world and location of pressure points that can create openings for radical change. Socialists need organization to be effective. Since our founding in 1986, Solidarity has seen itself as an organization devoted to the rebirth of the left in the United States. At that time the U.S. organized socialist left was approaching its low ebb.
In this 40th anniversary of the revolutionary tumult of 1968, it is important to recollect how then the worldwide upsurge spawned a proliferation of socialist organizations and parties, many attached to a particular country of "already existing socialism" (whether China, Cuba, Albania or the USSR). The overriding belief at the time was that the revolutionary process would continue to unfold. There were genuine differences on the left in this era, between radicals who identified with different historical currents (supporters of the USSR, of China, of Trotskyism, of various social-democratic trends), which led to legitimate ideological competition between different organizations. Too often, however, this spilled over into an unfortunate competition even among those who adhered to the same historical perspectives, leading to unnecessary factional warfare and splits.
By the mid-'80s, it was apparent that this cycle of radicalization had come to an end. At the time of Solidarity's founding most of the organizations of the New Communist Movement had closed up shop. The feminist and Black liberation movements had ebbed, as had other people of color-led movements, leaving behind a rich legacy of leadership and ideas.
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Social Movements over the Last Two Decades
"The re-emergence of the civil rights movement following World War II inspired and propelled forward all of the oppositional and liberation movements of the 1960s and '70s…
For draft-age youth in the 1960s opposition to the Vietnam War was a pivotal experience…
While the U.S. immigrant population had been stagnant throughout the 1960s, by 2004 it had risen fourfold (approximately 34.2 million)…
Throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century, campus activists developed networks to coordinate labor solidarity, environmental, antiwar, global justice and anti-racist activism…"
Regroupment, Refounding and the Arc of Resistance
"In the decade of our founding, people on the left began talking to each other across ideological lines, in ways that hadn't happened for a long time – with a common realization that the "party-building" of the previous years had effectively collapsed, and had been abusive in significant ways to the human beings committed to it…"
Refounding a New Left: Next Generations & Their Experiences
"The period from 1999 to 2008 has created a new situation for remnants of the U.S. revolutionary left and the new progressive and popular movements…"
The Tasks and Possibilities of a U.S. Refounded Left
"U.S. revolutionaries need to understand how global capitalism is evolving, how that affects the confidence of the working class and social movements, and how those changes reveal new fault lines. We also need to support and participate in working-class and community-based struggles and social movements…"
Refounding the Left: Taking Our Past Into Our Future
"A forceful renewal of the socialist left is not entirely a matter of our will alone. It ultimately depends on developments of a more massive scale both here and around the world that in one way or another pose a significant challenge to the capitalist agenda from a left direction…"
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The January-February 2020 AGAINST THE CURRENT (#204) features:
Hope in the Streets, continued—The Editors
Pursing Truths from the Elaine, AK Massacre to the Present—Paul Ortiz, Omar Sanchez & Julian C. Valdivia
Race & the Opioid Crisis—Donna Murch
On Black History & Struggle—Malik Miah, Derrick Morrison, John Woodford
Richard Wright's Forgotten Speech—with an introduction by Scott McLemee
Standing Up for Academic Freedom—H. Chandler Davis
The U.S. Communist Party at 100—Alan Wald
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The Brexit election — from revenge to resistance
Ray M, RS21
Britain: 2019 election analysis — A victory for the Far Right. A crisis for the Left
Neil Faulkner and Phil Hearse
Pakistan: Struggling under the flag of solidarity, facing repression, in a fractured country
Pierre Rousset
Remembering and Forgetting:
No to War with Iran!
Iran Popular Protests Against Regime Intensify in Response to Iran Downing of Passenger Plane
Frieda Afary, Fatemeh Masjedi, Sina Zekavat


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2017| Oct-Dec | Volume 4 | Issue 4
Online since June 7, 2019
Comparison of goldmann applanation tonometry measurements with and without fluorescein among adult sudanese glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous population 2018
Islam Elzein, Mahgoub Saleem
Oct-Dec 2017, 4(4):93-98
DOI:10.4103/bijo.bijo_12_18
Background: Goldman applanation tonometry (GAT) is still the most accurate for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP). Usually, fluorescein eye drops are used in additional to topical anesthesia to gain the best visualization result. Objective: The main objective of the study is to compare the GAT values with and without fluorescein in adult Sudanese glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous population. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional hospital-based study, 400 patients were recruited from out patient's and glaucoma clinics at Makkah Eye Complex, Khartoum, in the period from December 2017 to January 2018. Different ages were classified into three groups, patients also classified into glaucoma (n = 200) and nonglaucoma (n = 200) patients, another classification according to gender. Then, IOP measurements with and without topical fluorescein were done by GAT. Results: Two hundred and sixteen (n = 216; 54%) were male and 184 (46%) were female, with an average age of 54.76 ± 24.5 years. Two hundred (50%) were glaucomatous, and the other 200 (50%) were nonglaucomatous. The average IOP with fluorescein was higher than without fluorescein by 13.1% (2.08 mmHg) and still was higher in comparison between non-Glaucomatous and glaucomatous with and without fluorescein up to 3. 41 mmHg (17.86%). Both results ± fluorescein and ± glaucoma were statistically significant (P = 0.000). There was a significant correlation between age and IOP values with fluorescein and between having glaucoma and IOP with fluorescein (P = 0.000), while there was nonsignificant correlation between sex and IOP measurements with fluorescein. Conclusion: There are statistically significant differences in IOP values by GAT either ± fluorescein or ± glaucoma. A significant correlation between age and IOP values either ± fluorescein or ± glaucoma were detected, but not to sex.
The effect of spherical refractive error on tear volume
Reem Hassan Abd Almajeed, Mohammed Elhassan Elawad
Oct-Dec 2017, 4(4):104-108
Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is the most common multifactorial annoying ocular surface disorder, of various ocular symptoms, ranging from eye discomfort, dryness, itching, irritation, and foreign body sensation up to noticeable visual disturbance. Eventually ends with reducing quality of life. Optical refractive quality might deteriorate in these DED individuals, especially in hot-dry-windy climates like in Sudan. Aim: This study aims to determine the influence of spherical refractive errors (REs) on the tear volume and DED. Materials and Methods: In a comparative cross-sectional hospital-based study 90 (n = 90) participants were included; all were free from any ocular or systemic diseases and not using contact lenses. They were of equal numbers of hypermetropes and myopes of mixed gender; males and females, with their ages range between (18-28) years. The mean ages in both groups of RE states were 21.97 ± 2.35 and 22.55 ± 3.29 hypermetropes and myopes, respectively. The study was performed at Makkah Eye complex (MEC), Khartoum, Sudan, from May to July 2015; where the participants were recruited from the general refraction clinics at MEC. All individuals were subjected to the full eye examination. The Schirmer's test was used for all the participants. SPSS statistical analysis program was used to analyze the data. Results: Dry eye was found in 26.6% on hypermetropic patients and 1.1% myopic patients. In this study, the spherical REs showed a significant difference between males (16.6%) and females (12%) P = 0.001. Conclusion: REs may be considered to be one of the risk factors to cause dry eye condition. Correcting RE may reduce the risk factor of dry eye, and that may reduce its prevalence.
Computer vision syndrome among mobile phone users in Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Majed Al Subaie, Saif Al-Dossari, Mohamed Iheb Bougmiza
Oct-Dec 2017, 4(4):99-103
Background: The growing number of mobile phone users or video display terminals (VDTs) puts them at hazards of computer vision syndrome (CVS) resulting in ocular surface damage, eye strain, exhaustion, and muscular complaints as result of improper usage of VDTs. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of CVS and to get a baseline data about this syndrome among inhabitants of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for the duration of 1 month in Al Ahsa Saudi Arabia. Convenience sampling was used with a validated questionnaire to measure the CVS symptoms and to collect data. Consequently, Chi-square test was performed to observe the prevalence of CVS with its risk factors using SPSS version 22. Results: This study showed the prevalence of CVS among Al-Ahsa population to be 43.5% of the screened sample; this was significance results in the term of blurred vision (P = 0.002), dry eye (P = 0.011) and ocular discomfort (P = 0.013) among individuals suffer from CVS. Regarding extraocular complaint, there was a significant result seen in the presence of neck and shoulder pain (P = 0.008) and dizziness (P = 0.045) in individual developed CVS. Conclusion: The study found significant results in term of ocular and nonocular complaints among individuals who developed CVS from Al-Ahsa. Further longitudinal studies are required to study the effect of VDTs on ocular health.
Assessment of the effect of academic examination stress on binocular vision functions among secondary school-aged children
Amani Ahmed Elsiddig, Saif Hassan Alrasheed
Background: Binocular single vision involves the simultaneous use of both eyes with bifoveal fixation, and this process helps individuals to use their both eyes for reading, writing, and other near activities; the stress on this system could lead to ocular complaints and affect the near task for the school-aged children. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of academic examination stress on binocular vision functions among secondary school-aged children in Khartoum State of Sudan. Materials and Methods: This is an experimental study of 148 secondary school-aged children, selected randomly from Alfath Secondary School, and their ages ranged from 13 to 17 years with a mean age of 14.6 ± 1.13 years. Investigation was performed before and after the academic examinations in 2017. The clinical examinations include visual acuity measurements using Snellen vision testing chart, refraction using autorefractometer, dissociated near phoria by Maddox Wing, associated near phoria by Mallet Fixation Disparity Test, amplitude of accommodation and near point of convergence (NPC) measured by R.A.F rule, and near positive fusional vergence (PFV) and near negative fusional vergence by prism bar. All these investigations were done before 15 days of academic examinations and on the day after the students finished their academic examinations. Results: The findings indicated that most of the students (62.8%) before the academic examinations reported that they were free from any ocular complaints, whereas 37.2% had ocular symptoms. After stress due to examinations, the percentage of students who had ocular complaints increased to 71.6, whereas those free of ocular complaints decreased to 28.4. The mean of amplitude of accommodation before taken the examinations was 9.81 ± 2.16, and after the examination, the mean of amplitude of accommodation decreased to 8.77 ± 1.97 (P < 0.001). Nearly 54.7% of the participants had normal NPC before the academic examinations, and after the examinations, those who had normal NPC decreased to 46.4% (P < 0.001). Only 29% of the students had associated heterophoria before the stress of examinations, and after the examinations, the percentage of students with associated heterophoria increased to 56.5 (P < 0.001). Almost 40.5% of the students presented with normal PFV at near fixation, and after the stress, only 29.1% had normal PFV at near fixation. However, more than half of the students (59.5%) had weak PFV for near fixation before the examinations, and after the examination, they increased to 70.9% (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The academic examination stress had a major effect on binocular vision functions, result in decompensated heterophoria, as well as decline in amplitude of accommodation, and NPC. Thus, comprehensive eye examination including binocular vision function assessment should be made annual for school-aged children.
The effect of pterygium on corneal thickness, corneal curvature, tear volume, and intraocular pressure in a Sudanese Population
Rawia Tagelsir Eias Ali, Atif Babiker Mohamed Ali
Background: Pterygium is a triangular fold of bulbar conjunctiva usually found in the nasal side of the interpalpebral fissure. It consists from apex and base. Its apex advancing progressively toward the cornea. The exact cause of pterygium is not well understood, but long-term exposure to sunlight, especially ultraviolet rays, wind, and chronic eye irritation from dry and dusty conditions seems to play an important causal role. It looks like scar, but it is not. The growth might spread slowly during a life or stop after a certain point. In extreme cases, pterygium can cover pupil and cause vision problems. Aim: The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of pterygium on corneal thickness, corneal curvature, tear volume, and intraocular pressure (IOP). Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients have primary pterygium in one eye (unilateral) compared to their healthy (control) eye. The study was conducted in Makkah Eye Complex in Alkalakla branch between April 2016 and November 2017. The criteria of admission included individuals who have no history of systemic/chronic or other eye diseases. The patients whose pterygium enters the cornea within 2.0–3.0 mm and visual acuity at least 0.50 decimal (6/12) were selected. The data included age and gender, while the clinical procedures included testing vision and visual acuity (Snellen's type), autorefraction and autokeratometry, ultrasound pachymetry, applanation tonometry, and break-up time tear assessment. Frequency distribution tables and t-test were used to present the data. Results: The results showed that the pterygium was more apparent among male (53%) than female (47%). Significant decrease on visual acuity (77%) and tear volume (86%) of the pterygium eye (P < 0.0001) was observed as compared to healthy eye (HE). The primary pterygium caused meridional steepness in corneal curvature (98%). With-the-rule corneal astigmatism was dominant (61%) among other types. Statistically, there were little decrease on central corneal thickness and nonsignificant effect in IOP between the two eyes. Conclusions: Pterygium can cause significant change in ocular functions compared to HEs according to study parameters. Ocular dryness complications and vision impairment due to corneal astigmatism should be considered to make correct diagnoses for eye symptomatology.


IP Externship opportunities for the Spring 2016 term are now online. See Indiana Law CareerNet to apply – the application deadline has been extended to the end of the day on Monday, September 28.
General questions about the IP Externships should be directed to Professor Du Mont (jjdumont@indiana.edu) and Allison Hess (allhess@indiana.edu).
For questions about the application process through Indiana Law CareerNet please contact Kim Bunge (kbunge@indiana.edu) in the Career Services Office.


SUPER Eagles head coach Samson Siasia is banking on the experience of English Premiership duo Victor Moses and Mikel Obi to help overcome Egypt in the forthcoming African Nations Cup qualifier taking place in Kaduna later this month.
On March 25, the Eagles will take on the Egyptians in Kaduna and four days later they will play the return leg in Alexandra in what promises to be the tie of the round. Siasia, who recently took over from Sunday Oliseh as Eagles coach on an interim basis, is targeting six points from the two games and has handed Moses, who was estranged under Oliseh a recall to the squad.
For the tie, Siasia has invited 42 players and has said he is banking on the experience of his Premiership stars to carry the day against the Egyptians. On Sunday the Super Eagles camp opened in Abuja and Nigeria needs to at least win the first game to overtake Egypt who already on top of the group with six points from two games so far.
Siasia said: "Egypt will be coming with their best players and I strongly feel Mikel and Moses' wealth of experience will come in handy if we are to pick three points against Egypt in Kaduna. I am really impressed with Mikel's attitude towards this important game as he has called in to confirm his readiness for the clash.
According to Siasia, it will not be easy but if the team sticks together and presents a united force to fight this battle, he believes they will triumph. Egypt's Pharaohs will head to Kaduna for the first leg of the qualifier, while the second leg will be held in Alexandria, on March 29.


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NC Gov. Roy Cooper Signs LGBT Protections Order; Announces Agreement On Lawsuit
North Carolina Governor Roy Cooper, a Democrat, on Wednesday signed an executive order barring discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in state employment.
Cooper's office also announced that it had reached an agreement in a case challenging House Bill 142. Under the terms of a proposed consent decree, transgender people can use the public bathroom of their choice.
"Earlier this year, I said there was more work to do to protect against discrimination and make North Carolina a welcoming state," Cooper said in a statement. "Today's executive order and consent decree are important steps toward fighting discrimination and enacting protections throughout state government and across our state."
The consent decree is the outcome of a lawsuit filed by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and Lambda Legal, which at first challenged House Bill 2, the law signed by former Governor Pat McCrory, a Republican, that prohibited transgender people from using the bathroom of their choice and blocked local municipalities from enacting LGBT protections.
Passage attracted nationwide attention, boycotts and protests. Cooper campaigned on a promise to repeal the law and McCrory's loss was widely blamed on his continued defense of the law.
Lawmakers repealed the law in late March and replaced it with House Bill 142. The new law leaves bathroom regulation to the state and enacts a moratorium on local LGBT protections until December 1, 2020. The ACLU and Lambda Legal modified their lawsuit to challenge House Bill 142.
The proposed consent decree clarifies that House Bill 142 cannot be enforced to bar transgender people from using the bathroom of their choice in government buildings, but leaves other components of the law intact.
The Human Rights Campaign (HRC), the nation's largest LGBT rights advocate, applauded the governor's actions in a statement, but added that more must be done.
"While this executive order may represent some narrow improvements for LGBTQ North Carolinians, by no means does it offer full protections or rectify the tremendous harm caused by HB2 and continued harm from HB142," said JoDee Winterhof, senior vice president of policy and political affairs at HRC. "Gov. Cooper and state lawmakers must show leadership on the real solution for North Carolina — statewide, LGBTQ non-discrimination protections."


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Q: Mixed Mode on Windows CE / Compact Framework is there a way to create a mixed mode application/dll for Windows CE (version 6.0), with  installed Compact Framework (version >2.0)?
The Source Code was written in C++. I only succeded in building pure .NET applications based on C#. When using Visual Studio (2005) and adding /CLR to the command line I receive the warning
"cl : Command line warning D9002 : ignoring unknown option '/CLR'"
Thanks for every hint in advance

A: No, there isn't.  The major problem is that the compiler for the compact framework supports only C# and VB.NET.  Compiling any other language can result in IL that contains opcodes that the Compact Framework doesn't support.
There is also a bug in the CF regarding strong name validation that prevents it from working.
If you'd like to read about someone else's efforts at getting mixed mode working, specifically for SQLite, take a look at this thread.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In babies a gummy smile is prized by all who witness it. In adults it can be the source of anxiety and grief. Now research has revealed that two simple injections into the so-called Elvis Presley muscle can help them smile along with the rest of the world.
A study of 52 people with a gummy smile - defined as any show of gum that extends more than two millimetres above the teeth during smiling - revealed that doctors have discovered a way of improving their smile with two injections of botulinium toxin rather than by resorting to surgery.
The study, reported in Plastic Reconstruction Surgery, revealed that patients were given injections in the levator labii superioris nasalis muscle - otherwise known as the Elvis muscle. This is the muscle that dilates the nostril and pulls the upper lip upwards during a smile. It is also brought into play when someone snarls, hence its renaming in honour of the king of rock'*'roll.
Patients given the injections were so happy with their new smiles that they gave the treatment an average score of 9.75 out of 10. The benefits lasted for a minimum of three months.
The researchers say the injections can also be used to treat lopsided smiles, by varying the amount of toxin injected into the muscles either side of the nose.


Paint.NET is free image and photo editing software for computers that run Windows. It features an intuitive and innovative user interface with support for layers, unlimited undo, special effects, and a wide variety of useful and powerful tools. An active and growing online community provides friendly help, tutorials, and plugins. It started development as an undergraduate college senior design project mentored by Microsoft, and is currently being maintained by some of the alumni that originally worked on it. Originally intended as a free replacement for the MS Paint software that comes with Windows, it has grown into a powerful yet simple tool for photo and image editing.


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Chicago restaurant industry responds to new vaccine mandate
by: Mike Lowe
CHICAGO — How will the new vaccine requirement impact restaurants in Chicago?
It's both a burden and a relief, some say. Restaurants will now have to have a staff member check vaccination cards and IDs. But now it won't be different rules at different places. Lightfoot's announcement means there's now a consistent rule for every restaurant and bar in the city.
Proof of vaccination required to enter most businesses in Chicago starting Jan. 3, mayor announces
Mark Liberson is the owner of Replay Restaurant and Bar in Andersonville, and a number of other North Side venues. He has been requiring proof of vaccination at his restaurant and bars since August.
"Personally, it's not going to make a big difference, us being required to ask for vaccines, because we've been doing it now for a long time," he said.
Liberson said the city's new health order brings consistency and clarity to all of Chicago.
"I think the consistency of a requirement really does make things a lot easier," he said.
The order requires anyone aged 5 or older to show proof that they're fully vaccinated for indoor dining, indoor fitness and indoor entertainment and recreation venues where food or beverages are served starting January 3.
Biden to pledge 500M free COVID-19 tests to counter omicron, set to address Americans
The president of the Illinois Restaurant Association issued a written statement on the new requirements that read:
Chicago's hospitality community is in a very fragile stage of recovery. Throughout the pandemic, the industry has prioritized customer and team member safety above all else, and the IRA strongly supports vaccinations for everyone to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. We encourage all diners to please lend their cooperation, respect and kindness to the employees working to comply with the new mandate during these challenging times.
Restaurant workers are not required to be vaccinated but must provide weekly negative COVID-19 tests and wear a masks when dealing with customers.
Cloudy Precip: 7%
Website to distribute at-home COVID tests launches Wednesday, Jan. 19
Activists urge unions to shut down citywide transportation ahead of release of Jason Van Dyke


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Home /Case Studies / Cloud thinking with Google Jamboard
Cloud thinking with Google Jamboard
With offices in both Stuttgart and Berlin, Germany, Zoi TechCon GmbH (Zoi) is an IT consultancy focused on the development of digital solutions, cloud transformation, data and electrical engineering. It boasts a team of over 50 employees that advise and consult for well-known clients on challenging IT and technology projects.
A German digital consultancy was struggling with getting all of its key players from various locations in the room at once to discuss critical projects.
The client chose Google Jamboard for its Plug N Play versatility along with ease of use for clients, who could sign right on and join "jams" instantly.
Enhanced meeting effectiveness through integrated conferencing function Enabled teams working in multiple locations to function as one.
Zoi TechCon GmbH
Zoi TechCon GmbH provide Information technology consulting services. The company was founded in 2004 and is based in Stuttgart, Germany.
Zoi stands for Zero One Infinity. Zero, one or infinite is THE paradigm of IT and electronics par excellence. Since 2004, Zoi's team of experts have been key to helping clients adopt the use of the cloud in the enterprise environment. The team prides itself on working closely with its partners to make sure they are always informed about the latest technology and early adopters. Zoi makes sure that staying ahead of the technology trend benefits its customers by enabling the team to develop the best architectures and solutions.
Working on large projects with well-known brands in a fast paced environment, Zoi had adopted Google's G Suite to enable its team to work more collaboratively and support its cloud messaging. With a growing team, it is also easier and more cost effective to deploy across the company than other cloud solutions.
55-inch, 4K Ultra High Definition (UHD) digital, collaborative whiteboard
Buy Jamboard
Bringing people together
"Working with large organisations and multiple departments can mean it's difficult to get everyone in one room to discuss major projects,"
"As a company we needed a solution that would bring people together from various locations as if they were bouncing around ideas in the same room."
Benjamin Hermann, Managing Director, Zoi.
After considering other collaborative solutions, Zoi turned to a UK-based Google Cloud partner, Generation Digital, to look at Google's Jamboard, a 4K Ultra High Definition(UHD) touch-enabled device designed to enhance collaboration in the enterprise work place without complicated set-up or training.
Generation Digital identified the Jamboard as the perfect device for Zoi's needs. The simple 'plug and play' nature of the screen made it perfect for them to adopt and immediately start embracing it within the company's culture.
"We wanted a screen that had no barriers to use. It needed to be a solution that our customers could simply get on with and use quickly. The Jamboard gave us exactly this. Our customers were able to 'jam' without registering for an account and it fitted perfectly with the company's new digital business approach," comments Hermann.
Shipping to customers
The Jamboard has quickly become such an integral part of the company's work processes that a screen was shipped to Zoi's customer Kärcher, a global leader in cleaning technology, to help drive creativity during meetings. It also enabled Zoi and Kärcher to work more closely together, helping decisions to be made quickly and without delay.
Now, with Jamboards in both Winnenden and Berlin offices, Kärcher and Zoi can easily work together in real-time to align activities and next steps to for example develop new business models.
"The video conferencing and sticker features are used most often in our meetings. Being able to see the people we're 'jamming' with is key to making our meetings successful.The file integration into Google Drive means the sessions can be instantly saved and shared among the attendees of that meeting," continues Hermann.
To further enhance the Jamboard's video conferencing feature, Zoi also uses Google's Hangouts Meet hardware. It works with the Jamboard to create headache-free engaging HD meetings.
Growing with the Jamboard
"With both our Stuttgart and Berlin offices using the Jamboard on a daily basis, we've realised that we can have offices in various locations far apart but the team can still work as one," says Hermann.
With the Jamboard at the heart of its infrastructure, Zoi plans to become an international company with more offices to open internationally.
"Zoi's vision is to continue using Jamboards across all our international offices, creating a global company that works as one team. We believe our 'jamming' sessions help us plan, rollout and complete projects more quickly as we're able to work in a collaborative environment that drives creativity. The low entrance barrier is a major advantage. The Jamboard has become such an important part of the company's infrastructure and workflow that it will be a tool for success." Hermann concludes.
"The low entrance barrier is a major advantage. The Jamboard has become such an important part of the company's infrastructure and workflow that it will be a tool for success."
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