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Volume 2016 | Article ID 9803165 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9803165
Functional Integration between Salience and Central Executive Networks: A Role for Action Video Game Experience
Diankun Gong,1Hui He,1Weiyi Ma,1,2Dongbo Liu,1Mengting Huang,1Li Dong,1Jinnan Gong,1Jianfu Li,1Cheng Luo,1and Dezhong Yao1
Academic Editor: Malgorzata Kossut
Revised02 Sept 2015
Accepted02 Sept 2015
Published14 Jan 2016
Action video games (AVGs) have attracted increasing research attention as they offer a unique perspective into the relation between active learning and neural plasticity. However, little research has examined the relation between AVG experience and the plasticity of neural network mechanisms. It has been proposed that AVG experience is related to the integration between Salience Network (SN) and Central Executive Network (CEN), which are responsible for attention and working memory, respectively, two cognitive functions essential for AVG playing. This study initiated a systematic investigation of this proposition by analyzing AVG experts' and amateurs' resting-state brain functions through graph theoretical analyses and functional connectivity. Results reveal enhanced intra- and internetwork functional integrations in AVG experts compared to amateurs. The findings support the possible relation between AVG experience and the neural network plasticity.
One of the most prominent changes to our modern lives is the use of computers, which has adapted our entertainment experience with the introduction of video games. The action video game (AVG) is major video game genre that offers an important virtual environment for human behaviors and has increased exponentially in popularity worldwide over a wide age range. Similar to conventional sports (e.g., basketball and football), AVG is physically and mentally demanding as it requires multiple cognitive functions including hand-eye coordination, working memory, and attention (see Footnote for an example of AVG) [1]. Furthermore, AVG influences cognitive development adaptively, thus offering an important venue to examine the relation between active learning and neural plasticity [2].
Research has shown that AVG experience is related to enhanced primary (e.g., visual processing [3–5], eye-hand coordination [6], contrast sensitivity [4], oculomotor performance [7], and body movement [8]) and higher-level cognitive functions (e.g., attention and working memory). For example, AVG experts tend to have better selective attention than amateurs, and AVG training improves attentional performance in the amateurs, thus supporting the attentional effects of AVG experience. Research also shows that AVG experts have enhanced spatial distribution of visuospatial attention [9], attentional capture [10], and attention shifting at switching tasks [11]. In addition, AVG experts tend to have better visual short-term and working memory than amateurs, and AVG training enhances visual working memory in amateurs [12–14]. For example, Colzato et al. [12] found that AVG experts were faster and more accurate in -back task than amateurs. Furthermore, Blacker et al. [13] examined whether AVG training could increase the quantity and/or the quality of information stored in visual working memory (VWM). Results revealed a significant increase in the VWM capacity after the training, as measured by a change detection task.
Research has also examined the neural basis of the cognitive benefits of AVG experience. A recent study shows that AVG experts have enhanced functional connectivity and grey matter volume in insular subregions compared to amateurs [15]. AVG experts also have better early filtering of irrelevant information and selective attention than amateurs, as measured by neural activities in frontoparietal areas [16]. Furthermore, AVG experience is related to gray matter volume (GMV) in brain areas responsible for attention and working memory (e.g., dorsal striatum [17], right posterior parietal area [18], entorhinal area, hippocampal gyrus, occipital lobe [19], and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [20]). In addition, AVG training improved older adults' cognitive control by reducing the multitasking cost as measured by electrophysiological signatures [21].
However, little research has examined the relation between AVG experience and the integration of attentional and working memory networks. Research of resting-state functional connectivity (FC, a dynamic coordinated activity for communicating information on connected brain regions [22, 23]) reveals two separate functional networks for attention and working memory, respectively [24–29]. The Salience Network (SN), typically including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior insula, supports the detection of salient events. The Central Executive Network (CEN), typically including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC), supports attentional control and working memory (see Table 2 for nodal information of the networks).
SN and CEN may interact with each other in supporting attention and working memory [27, 30]. Specifically, SN receives and provides selective amplification of salient information thereafter generates a top-down control signal that initiates CEN to respond to salient information for attentional shift and control execution [31]. Thus, research has proposed that enhanced attention and working memory improve the functional integration of SN and CEN [32] and that this improvement may be the neural basis of expert attention and working memory [27]. AVG experience therefore offers an important venue to test this proposition, since AVG requires a high level of attention and working memory. This study examines the relation between AVG experience and the integration of SN and CEN by comparing AVG experts and amateurs. We first analyzed functional integration using the graph-theoretical analysis and then located the functional integration using the FC analysis. Graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph is a set of nodes (vertices) linked by connections (edges) and provides an abstract representation of the elements and their interactions in a system. Graph theory has been widely used to quantitatively characterize topological organization of functional networks. We predict that if AVG experience is related to the integration of SN and CEN, experts should have enhanced functional integration compared to amateurs.
2.1. Participants
Participants gave written consent to participate in this study, which was approved (20150035) by the Ethics Board of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC). Twenty-three AVG experts () and 22 amateurs () participated in this study. The experts were experienced AVG players (i.e., League of Legends (LOL) or Defense of the Ancient (DOTA)). Based on a preliminary self-report questionnaire, the experts had at least four years of AVG experience, while the amateurs had less than one year of AVG experience. AVG expertise was quantified based on the Elo rating generated by the AVG program [33]. The experts' score ranged from 1800 to 2600 points, while the amateurs' score was below 1200, verifying the group membership. The Elo rating scale is widely used as a predictor of the outcome of a multiplayer AVG game. A 100-point advantage indicates a 64% probability of winning a game, while a 200-point advantage indicates a 76% probability.
The two groups were matched in years of school education, IQ as measured by Raven's Progressive Matrices (experts: versus amateurs: ) prior to this study, and the onset age (8 years) of video game playing (not necessarily AVG). All the participants were male and right-handed based on the Edinburgh Inventory [34], reported normal or corrected-to-normal vision, and presented no history of neurological illnesses.
To allow for the examination of the relation between behavioral and fMRI data, participants completed a digital -back task and a spatial memory task before an fMRI session. In the digital -back test, they first saw a sequence of digits and were then asked to indicate whether a digit matched the one from steps earlier in the sequence. The task difficulty was adjustable by the load factor – , ranging from 0 to 2 [35]. In the spatial memory task, participants first saw a sequence of blocks being lit up within a grid consisting of 36 blocks and were asked to memorize the sequence and then repeat it. Starting with a short sequence which increased to a 15-block sequence maximally, this task measured the longest sequence one could remember [36]. These tasks were used because (1) they require both spatial attention and working memory that are essential for AVG playing and (2) the task difficulty is dynamically adjustable based on participants' performance, making these tasks sensitive indicators to one's spatial attention and working memory in a computer game session. Thus, although the tasks are not standardized tests of spatial attention and working memory, they offered sufficiently sensitive behavioral data for us to examine their relation to fMRI data.
2.2. Data Acquisition
Images were collected on a 3T MRI scanner (GE Discovery MR750) at the UESTC MRI Research Center. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired using gradient-echo EPI sequences (repetition time (TR) = 2000 msec, echo time (TE) = 30 msec, flap angle (FA) = 90°, matrix = 64 × 64, field of view (FOV) = 24 × 24 cm2, and slice thickness/gap = 4 mm/0.4 mm), with an eight-channel-phased array head coil. All the participants underwent a 510-second resting-state scanning to yield 255 volumes (32 slices per volume). High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired using a 3-dimensional fast spoiled gradient echo (T1-3D FSPGR) sequence (TR = 6.008 msec, TE = 1.984 msec, FA = 9°, matrix = 256 × 256, FOV = 25.6 × 20 cm2 (80%), and slice thickness (no gap) = 1 mm) to generate 152 slices.
2.3. fMRI Data Preprocessing
The fMRI data were processed through typical preprocessing procedures using SPM8 software (Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, London, UK) [37, 38], including the first five volumes of each run discarded, slice scan time correction, head motion correction [37], normalized images with a BOLD EPI template in the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) atlas space, and spatial smoothing with Gaussian kernel of 8 mm full-width half-maximum (FWHM). Temporal filtering (band-pass) was then performed between 0.01 and 0.08 Hz. BOLD time courses were extracted from each ROI by averaging 27 voxels. The linear regression was used to reduce the effects of physiological processes (e.g., the fluctuations of cardiac and respiratory cycles). Otherwise, the 9 noise covariates were added in the regression analysis, including White Matter (WM), Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF), Global Signal (GS), as well as 6 motion parameters (3 rotations and 3 translations as saved by the 3D motion correction) [39–42]. We derived the GS/WM/CSF nuisance signals averaging the time courses of the voxels in each subject's whole brain/WM/CSF masks. To derive these masks, coregistration between T1 and functional image as well as the segmentation process of each participant's T1 image were performed.
2.4. Functional Network Analysis
The quantitative metrics of SN and CEN were analyzed based on the graph-theoretical method for the full correlation matrix using the Brain Connectivity Toolbox (http://www.brain-connectivity-toolbox.net/) [43]. The topological properties of the functional networks were defined on the basis of a 23 × 23 binary graphs, , consisting of nodes (each ROI) and undirected edges (functional connectivity) between nodes. This binary graph was constructed by applying a correlation threshold to the correlation coefficients. Considerwhere refers to the edge in the graph. When of a pair of nodes, and , exceeds a given threshold , an edge is assumed to exist; it does not exist otherwise. Since there is no gold standard defining the threshold based on the literature, we used a variety of thresholds ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 in 25 steps. Since all the thresholds generated a similar pattern of results, the threshold of 0.2 was used for the data report.
We then conducted the graph-theoretical analysis. At the network level, we analyzed three characteristics (i.e., global efficiency, cost, and mean clustering coefficient). Three nodal characteristics were also analyzed (i.e., nodal clustering coefficient, nodal degree, and nodal efficiency) [43]. The nodal degree was defined by the number of links connected to the node, which was equivalent to the number of neighbors that the node had. See Table 1 for the mathematical formulas used in graph-theoretical analyses (see [44] for details).
Mathematical formulas used in graph theoretical analyses.
The selected ROIs for data analysis (Number 1~9 ROIs = SN, 10~23 ROIs = CEN).
The between-group comparisons were conducted using the nonparametric permutation test, a method widely used when normality assumption was violated [45, 46]. For a given parameter, we first estimated value to indicate the between-group difference. We then randomly assigned the parameter values of all the participants to two groups to recalculate value between the two randomized groups. We repeated the permutation 10,000 times and obtained 10,000 values. Finally, we determined the significance level of the between-group differences at 95% of the empirical distribution in a two-tailed test [47].
ROIs and the network construction were defined based on the methods and findings of previous research [24, 25, 38, 48, 49]. The network construction of SN was defined according to Seeley et al.'s method [25]: we first selected anterior insula as the start ROI of SN; we then computed the FC between anterior insula and other brain areas; multiple comparison corrections were then conducted with FDR , and the survival clusters were the other ROIs of SN. This analysis showed that, in addition to ACC, survival clusters also included SMG, MFG, and posterior insula. This is consistent with Cauda et al.'s findings [38] (see Cauda et al.'s supplementary materials for details). The ROIs of CEN were defined according to Markett et al.'s [49] and Spreng et al.'s findings [48].
Thus, we selected 23 MNI coordinates as the center positions of functional network nodes (ROIs) (Table 2). Functional network edges were defined by Pearson's correlation coefficients computed between the extracted signals of ROIs for each participant. The correlation coefficients then underwent Fisher's -to- transformation [50]. For each edge, independent samples -tests analyzed the between-groups difference and corrected the multiple comparisons with False Discovery Rate (FDR, ). To analyze the relation between SN and CEN, we calculated the average nodal signal across all the nodes within SN and CEN, respectively.
3.1. Increased Global Characteristics
For quantitative metric of the integration between SN and CEN, we constituted the nodes of both SN and CEN into a multisystem network. At different threshold levels as shown in Figure 1, graph-theoretical analyses showed significant increases in the three global characteristics (i.e., global efficiency, connection cost, and the mean clustering coefficients in the multisystem network) in the experts compared to the amateurs (see Figure 1).
Increased global characteristics in AVG experts over amateurs. (a), (b), and (c) indicate global efficiency, connection cost, and mean clustering coefficient, respectively. The abscissa indicated step-by-step thresholds (correlation coefficient) to establish a network.
3.2. Increased Nodal Characteristics
In the new network, we found significantly enhanced nodal characteristics in the experts compared to the amateurs (Figure 2). Figure 2(a) showed that DLPFC.L of CEN and four nodes of SN had increased nodal clustering coefficient (bilateral alns, plns.L, and SMG.L). Figure 2(b) showed a significantly increased nodal degree in most of the SN and CEN nodes. Figure 2(c) revealed a pattern of results similar to Figure 2(a) except IPCL and SMA of CEN in nodal efficiency.
(a) Increased clustering coefficient
(b) Increased nodal degree
(c) Increased nodal efficiency
Increased nodal characteristics in the experts over the amateurs. (a), (b), and (c) indicate significantly increased nodal clustering coefficient, degree, and efficiency, respectively. Green dots are the nodes of CEN, while red dots are the nodes of SN.
3.3. Enhanced FC in the Intranetworks and Internetworks
We examined the intranetwork FC through the correlation between nodes within each network (SN and CEN). The results showed that the experts had a significantly enhanced intranetwork FC within both SN and CEN. In Figure 3, red lines indicate enhanced edges within SN, while green lines indicate enhanced edges within CEN.
The significantly enhanced FC in the experts. (a) indicates enhanced FC between SN and CEN based on the correlational analysis between the average nodal signal of SN and CEN (yellow lines indicate ). (b) indicates enhanced FC at the nodal level (FDR, ). Red dots are the nodes of SN; red lines are the edges of SN; green dots are the nodes of CEN; green lines are the edges of CEN; yellow lines are edges of internetwork.
The average nodal signal was calculated across all the nodes within SN and CEN, respectively. Then, we examined the internetwork FC through the correlation between the average nodal signal of SN and CEN. The experts had a significantly enhanced internetwork FC between SN and CEN than the amateurs (experts: Mean = 0.82, SD = 0.21; amateurs: Mean = 0.51, SD = 0.32, = 3.91, and , Figure 3(a)). The enhanced internetwork FC was mostly evident in bilateral DLPFC and SMA in CEN, while SN showed a more even spatial distribution since the majority of the nodes were related to the enhancement of internetwork FC. Furthermore, the experts did not have decreased FC compared to the amateurs.
3.4. Correlations between Behavioral Data and Graph-Theoretical Characteristics
The experts outperformed the amateurs in the spatial memory task ( and ) and responded faster (but similarly accurately) in the 2-back task ( and ). In addition, the experts' performance on the spatial memory task was positively related to the global efficiency ( and ) and the connection cost ( and ); furthermore, the response time in the 2-back task was negatively correlated to the nodal efficiency of DLPFC.L ( and ). The same analyses in the amateurs did not reveal significant correlations between behavioral data and graph-theoretical characteristics.
This study examined the functional integration of SN and CEN in AVG experts and amateurs. Results showed that experts had enhanced global characteristics, nodal characteristics, and FC both within and between networks compared to amateurs. Thus, AVG experience may be related to enhanced integration between SN and CEN.
4.1. Enhanced Global Characteristics
Research suggests that both SN and CEN are activated in certain cognitive tasks [27]. Using graph-theoretical analyses, we examined the multisystem network (SN and CEN combined) and found significantly enhanced global characteristics in AVG experts compared to amateurs, including global efficiency, mean clustering coefficient, and connections cost (Figure 1). Global characteristics often indicate the global information of a network. Specifically, global efficiency reflects the ability of a network to integrate all the nodal information; mean clustering coefficient indicates the nodal information processing of a network in the centralized tendency; connection cost denotes the resource consumption in maintaining the function of a network [43, 44]. Thus, the current findings suggested that the experts might be advanced in processing network information. Furthermore, these enhancements were realized with increased resource consumption in maintaining the function of networks, consistent with previous findings on the neural network [51]. The correlations between behavioral data (performance of the spatial memory) and global characteristics (global efficiency and connection cost) suggested that this enhanced efficiency of the global network might in turn improve the performance in an AVG session.
4.2. Enhanced Nodal Characteristics
We evaluated three nodal characteristics: clustering coefficient, degree, and efficiency. Nodal clustering coefficient indicates the ability of information processing of a node; nodal degree reflects the number of connections of a node, a basic nodal characteristic to which other nodal characteristics are related; nodal efficiency reflects the ability of a node to integrate specialized information from other nodes [43, 47]. Thus, the experts' increased nodal characteristics suggest that they have an enhanced information processing ability in local regions of CEN and SN. These regions are shown in Figure 2. It is noteworthy that the nodes with enhancements of all the three characteristics (i.e., DLPFC, Insula, and SMG) may be exceptionally closely related to AVG experience. Furthermore, we found that DLPFC.L, an important node in CEN, is related to attentional control and working memory [25, 27].
Consistent with a recent study that found an enhanced GMV in DLPFC in AVG experts, the present study showed an enhanced DLPFC.L [20]. Furthermore, nodal efficiency of DLPFC.L was correlated with the response time in the 2-back task in the experts but not in the amateurs. AVG experts also had better working memory than amateurs. Thus, the left DLPFC might play an exceptionally important role in the cognitive effects of AVG experience. Furthermore, the bilateral DLPFC, which are the main nodes in CEN, had greater enhanced FC between CEN and SN than other nodes, suggesting that DLPFC might be related to the integration of both CEN and SN.
In addition, bilateral alns receives salient information and initiating CEN. According to a recent resting-state study, bilateral plns and SMG.L are related to the sensorimotor network [38] which charge input and output information to support attentional and working memory. Thus, these enhanced nodal characteristics support the behavioral finding that AVG experience is related to advanced attention and working memory [12, 52, 53].
4.3. Enhanced Functional Integration
To further locate the functional integration, we examined intranetwork and internetwork using FC analyses. We found that the experts had significantly enhanced FC in the intranetworks compared to the amateurs (see Figure 3 (red and green lines)). Furthermore, the enhanced FC between the nodes of SN and CEN (e.g., dACC, iPL_L, bilateral AI, PI, DLPFC, and MFG) suggests an enhanced functional integration between SN and CEN, which may facilitate attention and working memory in a cognitively demanding task [25, 48]. Enhanced functional integration between SN and CEN observed in the experts might be the neural basis of expert attention and working memory in an AVG session [12, 52–54]. These enhancements observed at the global level in the present study are consistent with our recent findings that AVG experts have enhancements in insular subregions observed at the local level. These findings support the possible relation between AVG experience and enhancements of functional integration.
Nevertheless, the correlational nature of this study precludes causal inferences. For example, AVG experts may have an innate advanced attentional ability, which in turn may reinforce their interest in AVG. In addition, AVG experts may lead a more active life than amateurs, which may also contribute to the network change. Nevertheless, we found a possible relation between AVG experience and the integration of functional networks, motivating follow-up experimental studies to test the causal effect of AVG training on neural plasticity. An experimental study that is currently in progress shows preliminary evidence supporting the causal effect of AVG training on neural plasticity. In addition, future studies should recruit a control group that has no video game experience. This design can reveal any qualitative distinctions related to the AVG experience [55].
By comparing AVG experts with amateurs, this study found that AVG experts had significantly enhanced global characteristics, nodal characteristics, and FC in SN and CEN. Thus, long-term AVG playing is related to the integration between SN and CEN. The integration may be related to the experts' advanced attention and working memory in a game session.
None of the authors have any conflict of interests to disclose.
This work was supported by the NSFC 81330032 and 91232725.
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R. N. Spreng, J. Sepulcre, G. R. Turner, W. D. Stevens, and D. L. Schacter, "Intrinsic architecture underlying the relations among the default, dorsal attention, and frontoparietal control networks of the human brain," Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 74–86, 2013.
S. Markett, M. Reuter, C. Montag et al., "Assessing the function of the fronto-parietal attention network: insights from resting-state fMRI and the attentional network test," Human Brain Mapping, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 1700–1709, 2014.
M. D. Fox and M. E. Raichle, "Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging," Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 700–711, 2007.
M. P. van den Heuvel, R. S. Kahn, J. Goñi, and O. Sporns, "High-cost, high-capacity backbone for global brain communication," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 109, no. 28, pp. 11372–11377, 2012.
C. S. Green and D. Bavelier, "Action video game modifies visual selective attention," Nature, vol. 423, no. 6939, pp. 534–537, 2003.
K. L. Powers, P. J. Brooks, N. J. Aldrich, M. A. Palladino, and L. Alfieri, "Effects of video-game play on information processing: a meta-analytic investigation," Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1055–1079, 2013.
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W.-N. Ding, J.-H. Sun, Y.-W. Sun et al., "Altered default network resting-state functional connectivity in adolescents with Internet gaming addiction," PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 3, Article ID e59902, 2013.
Copyright © 2016 Diankun Gong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


Time to start a new category: Gaffes from the politicians.
We presume what the young Meghan McCain meant to say was "nobody knows war more than my family." And even then, 4,155 families in the U.S. might still disagree.
This is a horrible thing for me to think… but I'm sure the McCain campaign isn't sad that Track's deployment date is September 11th.
brian, you are correct, possibly on both counts. Though it is important to point out that Senator McCain has very explicitly NOT used his sons' service as political backdrops.
BSIMON – Your right, I follow this stuff pretty close and I did not know his one son was in Iraq, now back.
Only last week after I was sitting in the same room with Jimmy McCain and his mom did I find that out.
One other thread suggested that the McCain's had easy jobs lined up might want to think a little more about that.
Brian, I think you're talking to me. I was talking about Cindy McCain. I didn't say her job was easy, but I wonder if she'd have it if her father hadn't founded the company. Not everybody starts out with such great contacts!


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Billie Eilish And The Long Line Of James Bond Theme Songs
By Stephen Thompson
Billie Eilish, at just 18 years old, is already one of the world's biggest pop stars.
(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "BAD GUY")
BILLIE EILISH: (Singing) I'm the bad type, make your mama sad type, make your girlfriend mad type, might seduce your dad type. I'm the bad guy.
CORNISH: News broke that Eilish will compose the theme for the next movie in an iconic franchise.
(SOUNDBITE OF MONTY NORMAN'S "JAMES BOND THEME")
CORNISH: It will be for the new James Bond film, "No Time To Die." NPR music critic Stephen Thompson joins us now to discuss Bond songs and Billie Eilish.
Welcome back, Stephen.
STEPHEN THOMPSON, BYLINE: It's great to be here.
CORNISH: Let's start with the Bond side of this. What makes for a good theme?
THOMPSON: Well, you want to capture the spirit of the James Bond movies, which, itself, has evolved over the years. It never hurts to have a certain amount of, like, sexual suggestiveness in the lyric. But also, you want a sense of action and danger with a little bit of drama thrown in.
CORNISH: And when we talk Bond themes, we're also talking about legacy, right? At what point did getting this gig become a coveted one for pop stars?
THOMPSON: Well, I think once you had a few iconic James Bond songs, everybody's trying to match that. And, you know, I think of the gold standard of James Bond song singers as Shirley Bassey, who, in 1964, I think, really kind of set a standard with "Goldfinger."
(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "GOLDFINGER")
SHIRLEY BASSEY: (Singing) Goldfinger, he's the man, the man with the Midas touch.
THOMPSON: So once you have "Goldfinger," then you start to roll in some pop stars, everybody from Nancy Sinatra with "You Only Live Twice," Carly Simon with "Nobody Does It Better." You have these huge, huge songs that are now best-known as James Bond songs.
CORNISH: All right, Stephen, you're talking about the gold standard, so to speak. But are there any themes that didn't quite come together?
THOMPSON: Well, you mentioned the songs reflecting the eras in which they're made. I'm on record as a fan of the '80s pop band A-ha. "Take On Me" is a classic. But A-ha was commissioned to write "The Living Daylights," which came out in 1987.
(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "THE LIVING DAYLIGHTS")
A-HA: (Singing) Comes the morning and the headlights fade away.
THOMPSON: And you listen to the song, and it's like 1987 threw up all over it.
CORNISH: (Laughter).
THOMPSON: It's just full of all those synths, that kind of tinny production. And it's not a hugely memorable song. You have some kind of misfires, I think. Like, in 2008, for the movie "Quantum Of Solace," they paired up Alicia Keys and Jack White to do a song called "Another Way To Die."
(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "ANOTHER WAY TO DIE")
ALICIA KEYS AND JACK WHITE: (Singing) Yeah, a door left open, a woman walking by, a drop in the water, a look in the eye.
THOMPSON: And it's just not really a coherent version of either of them. It doesn't feel natural. So as these movies roll out, the kind of expectations and standards get bigger and bigger.
CORNISH: Now we've got Billie Eilish singing this year's Bond theme. How does her style of music, though, fit into the Bond tradition?
THOMPSON: Well, it's interesting. I think she fits perfectly into where James Bond is now. I think no current artist, other than, like, Lana Del Rey, really fits the mold quite like her because her songs have this mixture of kind of darkness and menace with a little bit of softness to them and...
CORNISH: And smirk, right? She's got a sense of humor.
THOMPSON: A little bit. And I think this particular Daniel Craig version of James Bond is a little bit more wounded, is carrying around more pain and a little more anguish. So you want to have this kind of undercurrent of melancholy to go with all that swagger. And I think Billie Eilish is perfect for that.
CORNISH: That's NPR music critic Stephen Thompson.
Stephen, thanks so much.
THOMPSON: Thank you, Audie.
(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "EVERYTHING I WANTED")
EILISH: (Singing) And if I'm being honest, it might've been a nightmare to anyone who might care. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.
Stephen Thompson is a writer, editor and reviewer for NPR Music, where he speaks into any microphone that will have him and appears as a frequent panelist on All Songs Considered. Since 2010, Thompson has been a fixture on the NPR roundtable podcast Pop Culture Happy Hour, which he created and developed with NPR correspondent Linda Holmes. In 2008, he and Bob Boilen created the NPR Music video series Tiny Desk Concerts, in which musicians perform at Boilen's desk. (To be more specific, Thompson had the idea, which took seconds, while Boilen created the series, which took years. Thompson will insist upon equal billing until the day he dies.)
See stories by Stephen Thompson

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For all your car servicing and repair needs, see Mark and John at Saville Motors, a family business that has been established for over 35 years. They offer a friendly and honest service, taking pride in every job to ensure their customers are driving in safety. They take the time to provide practical advice about maintaining a safe vehicle that will perform at its' best.


We are a boutique media and marketing communication social enterprise offering a full range of communications services to individuals, charitable organizations and businesses, particularly start ups and small to medium sized enterprises. Storytelling is at the heart of our business. Our mission is to inspire personal transformation and social innovation through the power of story. We foster the use of creative communications techniques drawn from the world of arts and culture as a tool for nurturing meaningful relationships between individuals, organizations and businesses. This work is based on the belief that art and culture can offer hope and inspiration for those seeking unique means of engagement and action towards social innovation.


WASHINGTON – Six Democratic members of New York City's congressional delegation are demanding that Donald Trump move out of Trump Tower after the inauguration — or foot the hefty bill for protecting his Midtown home.
"When a person is elected to the presidency of the United States you're supposed to go to the White House," Brooklyn Rep. Nydia Velázquez said Tuesday at a Capitol Hill press conference, flanked by fellow Democrats and NYPD Deputy Commissioner John Miller.
In addition to Trump Tower, Trump has a home at his resort in Palm Beach, Florida, Mar-a-Lago.
Trump's wife, Melania, plans to remain at Trump Tower with the couple's 10-year-old son Barron so he can continue attending his Upper West Side private school – at least until the end of the school year — when he moves to the White House.
Velazquez penned a letter to Mayor de Blasio and Gov. Cuomo asking them not to pay for additional security at Trump Tower after the inauguration on Jan. 20.
It was signed by Reps. Jose Serrano, Jerrold Nadler, Grace Meng, Yvette Clarke and Hakeem Jeffries.
It's not clear how that could be accomplished, since most of the security bill stem from the extra cops assigned to the building — which the NYPD has said it will continue to provide.
Miller said he "can't gauge right now" the ongoing costs to the NYPD because it would depend on the frequency of the President-elect's stays back in New York.
But Miller made clear the NYPD will keep on the job regardless of the funding situation.
The city has already applied for $35 million in reimbursement for guarding Trump Tower from Election Day to the inauguration.


A doctoral dissertation is the research paper that a student completes to receive a doctoral degree like a PhD or other doctoral degree. It is also presented for someone to receive qualifications as a professional in a certain field of study. The doctoral dissertation normally presents the writer's findings and research on a certain thesis question, thesis statement, or hypothesis.
How to write a doctoral dissertation?
Writing a doctoral dissertation is one of the most interesting research papers that one will write in their academic career. Getting started on writing a doctoral dissertation can be very difficult, challenging, and hard to do. You must have the ambition, drive to begin, and complete writing your doctoral dissertation. One should never feel afraid or nervous when writing a doctoral dissertation because you are doing something that many individuals would not dare to do.
How to begin writing a doctoral dissertation?
Should always create milestones in the process of writing a doctoral dissertation. Create the following milestones: topic selection; outline completion; first draft completion; second draft completion; and final draft completion of the doctoral dissertation.
Focus more on the research and preparation to write the doctoral dissertation and do not focus on the writing itself of the doctoral dissertation.
Do not be afraid to review other sample dissertations before writing your own doctoral dissertation.
Always do thorough research on the topic of the doctoral dissertation before begin writing the dissertation.
Never be afraid to ask for help from your professor regarding getting started on the doctoral dissertation.
Should always begin working on the doctoral dissertation as early as possible.
Should never wait until the last minute to begin work on one's doctoral dissertation.
Other tips on writing a doctoral dissertation!
Do not make the task of writing too hard for yourself and do not be real hard on yourself.
The doctoral dissertation will only be read by the panel selected to review dissertations in your field of study.
The dissertation will not resolve any major problem in the world.
The doctoral dissertation should be just seen as another step towards one's PhD or other doctoral degree.
The doctoral dissertation will not ruin your life in any major way possible.


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Лизи Дъглас () (3 юни 1897 г. - 6 август 1973 г.), по-известна като Мемфис Мини, е блус китарист, вокалист и автор на песни, чиято музикална кариера продължава повече от три десетилетия. Лизи Дъглас е родена на 3 юни 1897 г., вероятно в окръг Туника, Мисисипи, въпреки че тя твърди, че е родена в Ню Орлиънс, Луизиана и е израснала в историческия квартал Алжир. Родена в семейсвтото на Ейб и Гъртруд Дъглас, тя е най-голямата от 13 братя и сестри.

Мемфис Мини е описана като "най-популярната кънтри блус певица на всички времена". Тя записва около 200 песни, някои от най-известните са When the Levee Breaks (адаптирана с променен текст и различна мелодия от британската рок група "Лед Зепелин" и издадена през 1971 г. в техния четвърти неозаглавен албум), Me and My Chauffeur Blues, Bumble Bee и Nothing in Rambling. Кариерата ѝ продължава до края на 1950-те години миналия век, но здравето ѝ започва да се влошава. Тъй като общественият интерес към нейната музика намалява, тя се оттегля от музикалната си кариера и през 1957 г. и се завръщат в Мемфис. Претърпява инсулт през 1960 г., което я оставя прикована към инвалидна количка, лишена от възможността да живее с доходите си от социално осигуряване и въпреки оказаната ѝ помощ от различни нейни почитатели, тя умира от инсулт през 1973 г.

Тя е включена в Залата на славата на Фондация Блус през 1980 г.

Източници

Външни препратки
 Слушайте When the Levee Breaks в "Internet Archive" (archive.org)

Родени през 1897 година
Починали през 1973 година

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text:
Home Food & Drinks Q & A
Chef Andy Hyde Dishes on Global Cuisine
Chef Andy Hyde is the product of cultures as diverse as Ghana, Germany, and Chicago. Before coming to Naples in 2014, he worked for culinary celebrities such as Gordon Ramsay, Thomas Keller, and Grant Achatz. "I spent many years shuttling back and forth between my mom in Chicago and my foster family in Germany, and I always wanted to move here permanently," he says. "It comes down to opportunity: If you want something badly enough in America and work for it, it will happen—provided you're not afraid to fail."
The chef was drawn to Naples for numerous reasons. "Naples reminds me of Ghana in many ways," he explains. "It's tropical, with a beautiful coastal breeze that I never got in Germany." During the holiday season, Hyde reflects on how where he is from and where he has lived has influenced his celebratory cuisine. "In Ghana, holiday dishes range from spicy to rich and fatty. There's lots of fried fish and goat, and cornmeal stewed with palm oil. Germany has fish such as loup de mer (branzino), but you also have game such as goose and rabbit. I'd like to do African dishes such as spinach stew or German versions such as red cabbage stew, and I'm working on a fusion dish of a fried plantain dessert stuffed with goose liver."
His 30-seat, chef-driven restaurant, Hyde N Chic, opened last November. Read our Q&A with Hyde below. (hydenchicrestaurant.com)
NI: Can you explain your concept of "New Immigrant Cuisine?"
Hyde: It's all about the trend of how America absorbs its immigrants into the culture. Fifty years ago, they were mostly European, so the restaurants tended to be French and Italian. Now you're seeing people like me from different backgrounds, and the cuisine reflects places like Africa, South America, and Asia. I had the chance to grow up in many different worlds, and I've always had to migrate to different cultures and adapt to them.
What challenges do you face as a Black chef in America?
The real challenge was in the mindset of being an entrepreneur. If you believe people will be against you because of your skin color, that's probably what you'll get. But if you're aware of who you are and are true to yourself, it all works out. If someone wanders into my restaurant with no prior knowledge of the place, they wouldn't necessarily know it was run by a Black chef. My job is to make people happy. When you see the gleam of joy in a customer's eyes, it's all worth it.
If you hadn't become a chef, what would you be?
Either a pilot or a diplomat. Every single night when I was a kid, I'd look into the sky for planes. As far as becoming a diplomat, I love different languages and cultures. Most of the schools I attended had a large number of international students. It has always been in my DNA to want to change society or do something for my community.
Describe some of your community involvement.
If you want to make an impact, you have to start with what's around you. The restaurant sponsors a culinary program with Naples High School, and we have one student, Johnny McWilliams, who's been working in the kitchen for a year. We close for vacation in August and September, and I sponsor young culinarians to go abroad and work. One of them, Bailey Cisek, spent three months in Germany working in everything from bakeries to Michelin-starred restaurants.
What's your definition of hospitality?
Being willing to do for others. I said before that my job was making people happy, and there's nothing more important than that. If you can create that moment of happiness, it's magical.
What lessons did you learn during the pandemic?
There is never a right time to open a restaurant, but fortunately, we were able to get started before the virus hit. You always have to be willing to adapt and adjust, and you can never really get too comfortable. Above all, work with what you have got and be smart about it—complaining does not get you anywhere.
Previous articleAll That Jazz
Next articleAwards & Accolades


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Taylor Hidalgo
NukeLassic
Ancient_Cow
Taylor Hidalgo's Reviews
Taylor Hidalgo is a freelance writer, narrative enthusiast, and voracious consumer of entertainment media. He splits his time between unending streams of deadlines, a ballooning game library, and a Netflix subscription.
MMOGames
7.5 / 10.0 - Citadel: Forged With Fire
Citadel: Forged with Fire is a game that manages to strike powerfully at the impulse to go spend some time in nature. The wild life are fun to watch from a distance, the water lapping on the shores of the lakes and oceans feel calming in the same way lounging at a beach in life can be, and drifting through the skies on the wings of flight potions and fast brooms is an experience that's hard to find fault with.
6 / 10.0 - Astellia
Given the lack of novelty in the systems, the limited range of depth out of the Astel system, and the lack of player-class customization as-of-yet in the game, there aren't a lot of reasons to really recommend Astellia. Excepting a genuinely heartbreaking translation, there aren't really any reasons to avoid Astellia either. If the game looks interesting, there's a decent argument to be made to give it a shot. If the game doesn't look appealing at a glance though, there's nothing in there that will likely change your mind.
7 / 10.0 - Apex Legends
Overall, it's hard to fault Apex Legends, but it also feels like it was trying to be something else too and couldn't quite bridge the gap. It is a fine game, one that will undoubtedly join an inescapable part of the streaming—and undoubtedly eSports—circuit. It just feels like there's potential in all of the polish, just wasn't given enough time to percolate and come out of the gate with something bigger.
7 / 10.0 - MapleStory 2
Much like a peanut butter and jelly sandwich with the crust cut off, it's hard to feel anything too strongly about MapleStory 2.
6 / 10.0 - Defiance 2050
Overall, players who spend money on Defiance 2050 will find a few quality-of-life improvements, but most of the upgrades will be acquired through play.
9 / 10.0 - Subnautica
Subnautica is a beautiful game, only occasionally marred by sluggishness and the odd, errant bug.
6.8 / 10.0 - Hyper Universe
Hyper Universe is good, it's worth trying it for sure. Just go in knowing its limits, there are a few more than you'd think at first glance.
- Event[0]
Event[0] has the length and teething pains of a tech demo, but tells a story to beautifully to overlook without good reason.
- Mighty No. 9
Mighty No. 9 is a trying experience, good when it works but exhausting when it doesn't.
- Ultimate Chicken Horse
Ultimate Chicken Horse does everything it tries to do very well, but a few quibbles keep it from greatness.


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currentoffer/
childrens-activities/
Stories, books, rhymes and more! Stories, books, rhymes and more!
Have a look at these helpful websites for stories, booklists, nursery rhymes and so much more! See our Rhyme Time and Storytime page too for more singing and stories!
Bag Books -multi-sensory stories for people with learning disabilities.
BBC - a huge range of activites for all ages, including Jackanory Junior (storytelling for younger children), Tiny Happy People (activities and play ideas to help you develop your child's communication skills), CBBC Puzzles (mind-boggling puzzles to try), and CBeebies Nursery Rhymes, Bedtime Stories and Radio (for rhymes, stories, shows and more!). Read or listen to all the shortlisted stories and the winners in the BBC's 500 words short-story competition for children.
BookTrust - fun at home with authors and illustrators - loads of activities for you to try with your children while they are at home.
Scottish BookTrust - authors on demand - watch authors read from and discuss their books.
British Library - discovering children's books - explore centuries of stories, poems and illustrations.
Hay Festival Digital - this included a five-day programme for primary and secondary school children from 18-22 May with free films aimed at inspiring creative reading which is now available on Hay Player.
Hungry Little Minds - simple fun activities for newborns to five year olds
LoveReading4Kids - great recommendations for children's books.
National Literacy Trust Family Zone- ideas and guidance for simple activities to do with your children at home. Includes Zone In with some great stuff for 13+ year olds!
Poetryline - find out more about poems and poetry and listen to them being read aloud.
Scottish BookTrust - books, songs, rhymes and activities.
Short Breaks - a wiki with helpful activities, learning and information for children and young people with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND)
Small talk - great ideas for chatting, playing and reading with your 0-5 year old.
Stay at Home with Wally - Wally and his friends are back! Discover Where's Wally? at home – with links and downloadables for you to watch and use.
The Reading Agency - Chatterbooks Download free packs full of reading related activities for children aged 4-12, including colouring sheets, puzzles, games, author videos and plenty of reading recommendations!
World Book Day - World Book Day may have been and gone but there are still masses of activities on this fun website!
Let's get physical! Let's get physical!
Have a look at these helpful websites for ideas of how to keep fit and stay on the move!
Albion in the Community - Football crazy? Get active, stay well and keep learning. Football-themed learning, skills and challenges, workouts and healthy recipes.
Active Sussex has teamed up with REBOOT to provide young people and their families with access to local sports and activities to try at home during the lockdown. Free videos.
Change4Life - Disney inspired indoor games and 10 Minute Shake Up activities to help you keep active at home.
Early Movers - practical ideas for activities to help babies and young children's physical development
P.E. with Joe - P.E. sessions and other workout activities with Joe Wicks.
Arts and Culture Arts and Culture
Have a look at these great websites for ideas of things to do and make!
Chichester Festival Theatre - family friendly things to do at home. Includes singing, stories, art, dance and more!
Horsham District Council - colour in Horsham. We may not be able to visit some of our favourite Horsham District places at the moment, but we can still colour them in!
Little Angel Theatre - online shows and activities for all ages
Novium Museum - crafts and activities to do at home.
Quentin Blake free eCards - many of us are still not able to meet up face to face - how about sending a wonderful Quentin Blake rainbow eCard for free! Cheer someone up today!
Tate Kids - ideas for activities to keep everyone busy while staying at home.
Publishers Publishers
Lots of publishers are creating amazing activities too!
Andersen Press - colouring sheets and more for many popular titles, including a new Summer Staycation Activity Pack with a competition to win children's books!
Bloomsbury - lots of free extras for many books, including colouring sheets and activity packs.
DKfindout! - what would you like to find out? There is every subject under the sun here!
Nosy Crow - download fun, free activity sheets for some of their best-loved titles.
Puffin - recommended reads and lots of creative activities to do at home
Usborne - lots of ideas for activities to do at home
Walker - stay at home with the Walker Bear!
To find a complete list of children's book publishers see UK Children's Books
Staying Safe Online Staying Safe Online
Don't forget to stay safe online. For the latest advice, guidance and information:
Citizens Advice on scams
NSPCC Online Safety
WSCC - Staying Safe Online
West Sussex Libraries
Current Offer › Children's Activities
Children's activities Children's activities
We are gradually reintroducing activities in libraries. Contact your local library to find out what's available and to book a place.
We will be adding more resources so please keep checking!
Children's authors Children's authors
There is so much online from all your favourite children's authors. Have a look at these just for starters!
Malorie Blackman - the former children's laureate is an award winning writer of over 60 books for children and young adults. Fans of recent TV series Noughts & Crosses will delight in discovering more stories from this bestselling author.
Eoin Colfer - author of the hugely successful Artemis Fowl series, soon to be released as a film. His other books include The Legend of the Worst Boy in the World and The Reluctant Assassin, the first of the W.A.R.P series.
Roald Dahl - the ultimate squibbler! Why not dip into the wonderful world of Roald Dahl. It's truly whoopsy whiffling!
Julia Donaldson - find out more about the books, discover games and activities and join Julia's weekly singalongs or storytimes on Thursdays at 4pm on the Official Gruffalo Facebook page
Neil Gaiman - Comics, novels, non-fiction, films, find them all here, including 'Read Alouds' of some of his books Did you know he writes the first draft of each book using a fountain pen?
Emily Gravett - if you're looking for stories that touch the heart and tickle the funny bone, why not explore the delightfully interactive world of Emily Gravett.
Caryl Hart - author of "Whiffy Wilson", "Girls can do anything" and many more. Lots of information, activities and links to amazing projects.
Chris Haughton - discover the enchanting world of books by Chris Haughton, with unique illustrations and captivating stories. Includes downloads, activities and links to 'stay at home' with readings of favourites such as Shh! and Oh no, George!
Oliver Jeffers - delve into the wonderful imagination of Oliver Jeffers and meet his loveable characters as they get up to all sorts of mischief and adventures.
Hilary McKay - dive into a modern classic, enjoy stories of adventure, friendship, family, laughter and derring do! We all need some Time of Green Magic in our lives.
Karl Newson - find out more about Karl, including the Mudwaffler Club, a place to nestle down and make things up!
Guy Parker-Rees - discover the amazing images created by the illustrator of books such as Giraffes Can't Dance, Dinosaurumpus and many more. Includes free downloads.
Liz Pichon - a brilliantly interactive website with lots of boredom-busting Tom Gates activities!
Rick Riordan - discover more about the author of the Percy Jackson series of books. Includes guides and discussion notes for some books for teachers and parents.
Michael Rosen - a much loved author of many talents, Rosen takes you on a journey through the emotions with tales of friendship, humour, adventure and empathy.
J.K. Rowling - I solemnly declare, I am up to no good! Discover more of J. K. Rowling's spellbinding magical world of witchcraft and wizardry.
Nick Sharratt - from Shark in the Park to Ketchup on your Cornflakes, Nick Sharratt has more than 100 books to his name. What will you choose first to explore!
David Walliams - fans of mischief and mayhem will love the hilarious and often revolting writings of this fantastic author!
Read the book and watch the film! Read the book and watch the film!
Read the book and watch the film or TV series. Which do you think is best? If the film or TV series is not available to borrow from us it may be available on a charged-for streaming service.
Michael Bond, Paddington – various stories in the series are available to borrow as a book, audiobook or DVD. The Browns first met Paddington on Paddington Station. He had travelled all the way from Darkest Peru with only a jar of marmalade, a suitcase and his hat. The Browns soon discover that ordinary things like having a bath, travelling on the underground or going to the seaside become extraordinary events with Paddington.
Julia Donaldson, Room on the Broom – available to borrow as a book or DVD. A witch loses her hat, bow and wand but when she finds them she acquires some new friends.
Frances Hodgson Burnett, The Secret Garden – available to borrow as a book, audiobook or DVD. When Mary Lennox was sent to Misselthwaite Manor to live with her uncle everybody says she is the most disagreeable looking child ever seen. It is true, too. Mary is pale, spoilt and quite contrary. But she is also horribly lonely.
Eoin Colfer, Artemis Fowl – available to borrow as a book or audiobook. At twelve years old, Artemis Fowl is a criminal genius. No scheme is too dastardly, no plot too devious…and he's just discovered that fairies are real!
Roald Dahl, The BFG – available to borrow as a book, audiobook or DVD
Giants are known for eating children. So when Sophie is snatched from her bed by the BFG, she fears for her life. But luckily he is far more jumbly than his disgusting neighbours. They become good friends and cook up a plan to rid the world of bad giants.
C.S. Lewis, The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe available to borrow as a book, audiobook or DVD (Chronicles of Narnia). Lucy finds that an old wardrobe in a country house is a gateway to a magical land of fauns, centaurs, nymphs & talking animals - but also of the evil White Witch who has held the land of Narnia in eternal winter for a hundred years.
Michael Morpurgo, War Horse –available as a book, audiobook, eBook or DVD. 'War Horse' is the story of Joey, a thoroughbred horse, and how he is forced into the thick of the harrowing, poorly-led battles of the First World War.
Jill Murphy, The Worst Witch – various titles available as a book, audiobook or DVD. Mildred Hubble is a trainee at Miss Cackle's Academy for Witches, but she's making an awful mess of it.
R. J. Palacio, Wonder – available as a book, audiobook or DVD. Auggie wants to be an ordinary ten-year-old. He does ordinary things - eating ice cream, playing on his Xbox. He feels ordinary inside. But ordinary kids don't make other ordinary kids run away screaming in playgrounds. Ordinary kids aren't stared at wherever they go.
P. L. Travers, Mary Poppins – available as a book, audiobook or DVD. When Mary Poppins arrives at their house on a gust of the East Wind and slides up the bannister, Jane and Michael Banks's lives are turned magically upside down.
David Walliams, Gangsta Granny – available as a book, audiobook or DVD. Our hero Ben is bored beyond belief after he is made to stay at his grandma's house. She's the boringest grandma ever: all she wants to do is to play Scrabble, and eat cabbage soup. But there are two things Ben doesn't know about his grandma. 1) She was once an international jewel thief. 2) All her life, she has been plotting to steal the Crown Jewels, and now she needs Ben's help.
Family Corner Group Family Corner Group
Join our West Sussex Libraries - Family Corner Facebook group - a place where the whole family can come together to share stories, sing songs and enjoy all that libraries have to offer.
It includes weekly online Rhyme Time and Storytime sessions, latest book and library news, special events and brilliant ways to keep children and young people enjoying books and reading.
Library booklists to support children Library booklists to support children
We have put together some booklists recommending books for specific interests or to support children with difficult decisions or new experiences. Topics include starting school, fears and anxieties, celebrating diversity and many more.
CILIP Carnegie and Kate Greenaway Medal Winners 2021 CILIP Carnegie and Kate Greenaway Medal Winners 2021
Look Both Ways by Jason Reynolds (Knights Of) has won the Carnegie Medal for writing this year, whilst Small in the City, written and illustrated by Sydney Smith (Walker Books) takes the Kate Greenaway Medal for illustration. The winning books were chosen by 15 Librarians, from a total of 152 nominations this year, as the very best in children's writing and illustration published in the UK. Find out more on the CILIP website.
More books to help children More books to help children
Books to help children stay safe, calm, connected and hopeful. See also the free books to dowload below!
Paul Christelis - Questions and Feelings About: Worries
Dawn Huebner - Something Bad Happened: a Kid's Guide to Coping With Events in the News
Eoin McLaughlin - While We Can't Hug
Books about Lockdown - free to download! Books about Lockdown - free to download!
The Book of Hopes: words and pictures to comfort, inspire and entertain children in lockdown - contributions from more than 100 children's writers and illustrators and dedicated to the doctors, nurses, carers, porters, cleaners and everyone currently working in hospitals.
Coronavirus: a book for children - aiming to both inform and reassure, this is for primary school age children to explain the Coronavirus and the measures taken to control it.
Everybody worries by Jon Burgerman - a bright and friendly ePicturebook showing that it is OK to worry as even the bravest of the brave and the coolest of the cool worry. Worrying is normal when so much has changed.
My hero is you – how children can fight COVID-19", focusing on supporting children's mental health during the current global crisis, by the Inter-Agency standing Committee (IASC)
Staying home by Sally Nicholls - a family of racoons are going through a day in lockdown and explaining to the youngest members of the family how they are saving lives just by staying at home!
Winnie and Wilbur stay at home by Laura Owen - join Winnie and Wilbur in a brand new adventure, showing that staying at home can be a lot of fun!
Draw along with.... Draw along with....
Here are some amazing videos of book illustrators showing how they draw their characters!
BookTrust Home Time - several how-to-draw videos with fun for the whole family!
British Library Discovering Children's Books - follow Axel Scheffler as he draws the Gruffalo. Start with the horns!
Puffin Books how to draw - several YouTube videos of illustrators drawing book covers. Draw a robo dog with Danny Noble or a dinosaur with Nick Sharratt.
....and here are a few illustrators to look at:
Rob Biddulph - draw with Rob draw-along videos of some of Rob's favourite characters.
Petr Horacek - take a look at Petr's blog to discover how to draw an elephant and a penguin and then sit back and enjoy a reading of his book. You can also discover a little about some of his other books including The Best Place in the World.
Oliver Jeffers - learn how to draw a Moose.
Jeff Kinney - draw a Wimpy Kid Jeff Kinney shares his top cartooning tips and shows you how to draw Greg Heffley.
Jon Klassen - draws a turtle Jon Klassen draws a turtle from We found a hat.
Chris Naylor-Ballesteros - the suitcase Watch Chris drawing the characters from The Suitcase.
Guy Parker-Rees - draw with Guy. Get some colouring pencils and join in with the award-winning illustrator of "Giraffes can't dance" and the Dylan adventures.
Draw Daisy with Nick Sharratt Watch how to draw Kes Gray's character Daisy.
Draw with Ed Vere - pencils ready everyone! Ed is posting easy "how to draw videos" every Wednesday and Friday.
Mo Willems - how to draw Piggie Learn how to draw Piggie from Mo's Elephant and Piggie books.
Tweets by WSCCLibraries


Wedding band in 14k white gold, 6mm wide x 1.5mm thick. Handcrafted with Overlay technique.
Let us know if you prefer matte finished (shown), "Tribal" texture or high polished in the under relief.
This design is also available in yellow gold or Yellow over White gold. Ask us through the Custom form.


Discussion in 'Mac Programming' started by Senor Cuete, Feb 18, 2017.
This is because graphics apps, (like Photoshop in old versions) write additional info (we now call it metadata..) in an old fashion in external files or they came from older OSX, files like com.apple.ResourceFork" and "com.apple.FinderInfo. XCode 8.1 refuses to add files like these to a build.
I'm pretty sure you can do the same thing with the 'xattr' command.
The -c option clears all xattrs, which includes a resource fork (try it). Also, the -r option applies the action recursively, so an entire directory of files and sub-dirs can be cleared at once.
If one wishes to only strip resource-forks and FinderInfo, a more targeted invocation of 'xattr' would be required. Again, the -r option is likely to be useful.
One nice thing about using the 'xattr' command is you can put it into your Xcode build process, so it cleans files automatically.
I haven't tried xattr removal in an Xcode project, but I have used 'xattr' to apply certain xattr's to files in an Xcode project, and it worked fine.
Great, so how about a command to do this?
WARNING: Don't try this unless you're sure the SRCROOT build setting in your Xcode project only encompasses your source files, AND those source files contain no xattr's or resource-forks you need to keep.
If you only want to delete specific xattr's, like ResourceFork and FinderInfo, use the -d option and specify the xattr name (see 'man xattr'). If you only want to target a specific sub-dir of SRCROOT, construct its pathname accordingly.


text:
Today in Science: This Intriguing New Drug Prevents Sun Damage in a Crazy Way
Kaitlyn McLintock
Kaitlyn McClintock contributed to Byrdie for over two years, most recently covering beauty news for the brand.
We can all agree by now: Sun damage is scary. At surface level, it causes irritation, hyperpigmentation, and wrinkles—all of which are skin woes that we spend ample time and money to treat and prevent. But deeper than that, and more importantly, sun damage can cause skin cancer. It's not purely hypothetical, either. As the Skin Cancer Foundation reports, "One in five Americans will develop skin cancer in the course of a lifetime." Terrifying? Yes. But also completely preventable (sunscreen and dermatologist visits, people!).
Now, according to BBC News, we might soon have another sun damage–fighting tool in our arsenal. It comes in the form of a newly developed drug that protects the skin while creating a "real sun-tan." That's right: The product causes skin cells to produce more melanin—a pigment that's simultaneously responsible for tanned skin and natural UV defense. Keep reading to learn more about this new drug and its possible effects on the cosmetic and health industries!
According to BBC, researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have created a drug called SIK-inhibitor that "tricks the skin into producing the brown form of the pigment melanin" with no exposure to sunlight. It's applied topically like sunscreen and sets off a number of chemical reactions, which result in an increased amount of melanin stored in skin cells. So, it's essentially a way to acquire a "real sun-tan" without any damage whatsoever.
This is significantly different than other tanning methods on the market. Those that promise an increase in melanin still require some form of damaging UV light (tanning beds, for instance), and those that don't require any form of UV light aren't actually producing melanin—they're simply sitting on top of the skin and giving the illusion of it. Take fake tanners; they "paint" the skin darker.
The researchers, however, aren't interested in marketing the drug for cosmetic use. David Fisher, one of the team's researchers, told BBC that the "real goal is a novel strategy for protecting skin from UV radiation and cancer." Since melanin is your skin's natural defense against UV rays, having more of it could mean significantly less sun damage (and consequently, a lessened risk of cancer). This is why you don't burn as easily once you're tan. "Dark pigment is associated with a lower risk of all forms of skin cancer," Fisher says. "That would be really huge."
Many more tests need to be done before it can be widely used, though eventually, the researchers intend to combine their drug with sunscreen to provide max protection.
While we wait for this revolutionary drug to hit the mainstream, stock up on our favorite sunscreen and sunless tanners below.
Jergens Natural Glow Wet Skin Moisturizer $8
La Roche Posay Anthelios Dry Touch Sunscreen $20
St. Tropez Self Tan Express Sheet Mask $9
Head over to BBC News to view the full article. In the meantime, check out the number one self-tanner on the internet!
Latin Skin Is More Susceptible to Hyperpigmentation—Here's What to Do
When You Should Worry About Freckles, According To Dermatologists
10 Sunscreen Myths Experts Want You to Stop Believing
9 Game-Changing Sun Protection Facts You Don't Know
How to Take Care of (Not Get Rid of) Your Summer Freckles
I Asked for a UV Photo of My Skin, and the Results Were Shocking
Ask a Biologist: Which Anti-Aging Ingredients Actually Work?
Is Spray Tanning Bad For Your Health? Here's What You Need To Know
Spent Too Long in the Sun? Here's How to Deal With Sunburn
Got Pigmentation? Your Mobile Phone Is Probably to Blame
An Expert Says This About Treating Dark Spots With Hydroquinone
The Ultimate Guide to Getting Rid of Dark Spots, According to Dermatologists
We Asked Derms Whether or Not We Should Be Using Chemical Sunscreen
Ask a Derm: Why Is There Octinoxate in Your Favorite Sunscreens?
How to Read Your Sunscreen Ingredient Label, a Guide
Real Talk: Are Gel Manicure UV Lamps Actually a Cause For Concern?


text:
Watch Paul George score 43, lead Thunder to seventh straight win
MIAMI (AP) — Paul George has endured some rough nights in Miami.
Friday was not one of them.
George scored 43 points and had a career-high 10 3-pointers, Dennis Schroder scored 24 of his 28 points in the second quarter and the Oklahoma City Thunder extended the NBA's longest current winning streak to seven games by beating the Miami Heat 118-102.
"Paul George, tonight, was tremendous," Heat coach Erik Spoelstra said. "We basically tried every coverage we had in our playbook: regular man, trapping him, zone. … One of the more impressive shooting displays I've seen this season."
George once lost 11 consecutive appearances in Miami, going through some brutal defeats when he was with Indiana and the Pacers couldn't break through the Heat in what seemed like their annual battle for the Eastern Conference title. But he was never better on the Heat home floor than he was Friday, connecting on 14 of 23 shots and 10 of 16 from 3-point land.
At the end, he got to exchange jerseys with Heat guard Dwyane Wade.
"D-Wade is a guy I look up to and we've shared a bond through competition and now through a mentorship as a guy I look at and honestly want to model my brand and off-the-court stuff like," George said. "It's great for him. He's had an amazing run. I couldn't say enough really about D-Wade and what he's been to this league and honestly for my development. He played a huge role in my development and who I am now as a player."
Russell Westbrook got his fifth straight triple-double and 18th of the season, finishing with 14 points, 12 rebounds and 14 assists. Steven Adams added 13 for the Thunder.
Oklahoma City beat Miami for the sixth straight time, and became the second team to have two separate winning streaks of at least seven games this season. Golden State is the other, with streaks of 11 and eight games.
"There were some real good positive things to take from the game all the way around," Thunder coach Billy Donovan said.
Kelly Olynyk scored 21 for Miami, which fell to the No. 8 spot in the Eastern Conference. Josh Richardson scored 18 and Hassan Whiteside finished with 12 points and 16 rebounds for the Heat.
Wade was announced as an All-Star earlier in the day for the 13th time, after NBA Commissioner Adam Silver decided Wade and Dallas' Dirk Nowitzki merited becoming special additions to the player pool for the Feb. 17 game in Charlotte. Fans roared when Wade entered the game for the first time and was introduced as an All-Star.
They didn't have much else to yell about, at least in a positive light.
George, who set a franchise record for 3s in a game, had 16 points in the first quarter to get the Thunder going and 12 more in the fourth to finish things off.
"He's in a groove, man," Wade said. "He's been playing phenomenal basketball. I've said it plenty of times: That's my favorite player. I love watching PG play."


Are you searching for home insurance coverage in Leopolis, WI? Enter your Zip Code to compare the best options available nearby. Comparing multiple quotes is the best way to save money on your homeowners coverage in Shawano county.
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Utilizing these tips can assist you decide a coverage that functions with the two coverage and price tag and discover about how to employ it. You can recognize an appropriate plan that entirely shields you in the function of a catastrophe or incident.


text:
Lymantria Monacha (Nun Moth). CABI
[Excerpt: Preferred Scientific Name] Lymantria monacha [Preferred Common Name] nun moth [Summary of Invasiveness] L. monacha is considered to be the number one forest pest in Poland because of the unprecedented economic losses it causes in spite of intensive chemical protective treatments on an area of 6.3 million ha of pine, spruce and other conifers between 1978 and 1984 (Sliwa and Sierpinski, 1986). It is also considered to be a major pest in all the other areas where it goes through periodic outbreaks causing defoliation and resulting in the death of spruce and pine trees (Bejer, 1988). The frequency of outbreaks has increase from about every 30 to 40 years to intervals of 6 years. It poses an ever present threat of being accidentally transported via commerce and introduced into other world areas, where susceptible hosts are present. This is because the adults are readily attracted to artificial lights and have been observed in Russian Far East ports (Munson et al., 1995), and although the eggs are normally laid in bark crevices, they could also be deposited in crevices on containers, pallets, ships, etc. In a pest risk assessment for importation of larch from Siberia into the USA, L. monacha was one of the serious pests that were considered at risk of introduction if the bark was still on the logs, because of their use of the bark for oviposition and the fact that the eggs are not readily visible (Anonymous, 1991). Its establishment in areas with suitable hosts would be disastrous because of its polyphagous feeding habits, ability to colonize new habitats, and capacity to be spread rapidly by flying females. L. monacha is listed as an invasive species of concern by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); port inspectors monitor for it and as part of the Rapid Detection Pilot Project pheromone traps are being placed near ports of entry to detect any breeding populations. There were no L. monacha trapped in the one season of USA port monitoring reported on so far [at the time of writing in 2004]. Population levels are being monitored through collaboration between the USA and Russian agencies in the Russian Far East near ports (Munson et al., 1995).
@article{cabiLymantriaMonachaNun2015,
title = {Lymantria Monacha (Nun Moth)},
author = {{CABI}},
date = {2015},
url = {http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/31811},
abstract = {[Excerpt: Preferred Scientific Name]
Lymantria monacha
[Preferred Common Name]
nun moth
[Summary of Invasiveness]
L. monacha is considered to be the number one forest pest in Poland because of the unprecedented economic losses it causes in spite of intensive chemical protective treatments on an area of 6.3 million ha of pine, spruce and other conifers between 1978 and 1984 (Sliwa and Sierpinski, 1986). It is also considered to be a major pest in all the other areas where it goes through periodic outbreaks causing defoliation and resulting in the death of spruce and pine trees (Bejer, 1988). The frequency of outbreaks has increase from about every 30 to 40 years to intervals of 6 years. It poses an ever present threat of being accidentally transported via commerce and introduced into other world areas, where susceptible hosts are present. This is because the adults are readily attracted to artificial lights and have been observed in Russian Far East ports (Munson et al., 1995), and although the eggs are normally laid in bark crevices, they could also be deposited in crevices on containers, pallets, ships, etc. In a pest risk assessment for importation of larch from Siberia into the USA, L. monacha was one of the serious pests that were considered at risk of introduction if the bark was still on the logs, because of their use of the bark for oviposition and the fact that the eggs are not readily visible (Anonymous, 1991). Its establishment in areas with suitable hosts would be disastrous because of its polyphagous feeding habits, ability to colonize new habitats, and capacity to be spread rapidly by flying females.
L. monacha is listed as an invasive species of concern by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); port inspectors monitor for it and as part of the Rapid Detection Pilot Project pheromone traps are being placed near ports of entry to detect any breeding populations. There were no L. monacha trapped in the one season of USA port monitoring reported on so far [at the time of writing in 2004]. Population levels are being monitored through collaboration between the USA and Russian agencies in the Russian Far East near ports (Munson et al., 1995).},
keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13828998,cabi,forest-pests,forest-resources,lymantria-monacha,monography}
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The frequency of outbreaks has increase from about every 30 to 40 years to intervals of 6 years. It poses an ever present threat of being accidentally transported via commerce and introduced into other world areas, where susceptible hosts are present. This is because the adults are readily attracted to artificial lights and have been observed in Russian Far East ports (Munson et al., 1995), and although the eggs are normally laid in bark crevices, they could also be deposited in crevices on containers, pallets, ships, etc. In a pest risk assessment for importation of larch from Siberia into the USA, L. monacha was one of the serious pests that were considered at risk of introduction if the bark was still on the logs, because of their use of the bark for oviposition and the fact that the eggs are not readily visible (Anonymous, 1991). 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It is also considered to be a major pest in all the other areas where it goes through periodic outbreaks causing defoliation and resulting in the death of spruce and pine trees (Bejer, 1988). The frequency of outbreaks has increase from about every 30 to 40 years to intervals of 6 years. It poses an ever present threat of being accidentally transported via commerce and introduced into other world areas, where susceptible hosts are present. 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