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Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) - Red Bull Salzburg Stadium Guide
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The Red Bull Arena Salzburg is a football stadium located in the Wals-Siezenheim district of Salzburg. Officially opened in 2003, the 31,895 capacity ground is of course home to Red Bull Salzburg although for certain matches such as those sanctioned by UEFA, the club and stadium are known as FC Salzburg and the EM Stadion respectively.
Red Bull Salzburg Stadium Guide
Stadionstraße 2/3, Wals-Siezenheim, Salzburg-Umgebung, 5071
Pitch Size:
105 m × 68 m
Stadium Owner:
SWS Stadion Salzburg Planungs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadion_Wals-Siezenheim
Stadium Names
Bullen-Arena, Stadion Salzburg
Former Names:
Stadion Wals-Siezenheim (2003-2007), EM-Stadion Wals-Siezenheim (Euro 2008)
International Name:
Stadion Salzburg
Azbie Nuredini
Construction Cost:
Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) History
The Red Bull Arena first opened back in March 2003 under the original name of Stadion Wals-Siezenheim with a capacity of just 18,250. The global energy drink manufacturer was yet to take over the club and thus the stadium was financed with the assistance of the Austrian government who invested roughly one third of the total 70 million euro cost in partnership with two Salzburg private companies responsible for the construction and land acquisition respectively.
Not to be confused with the Red Bull Stadiums in Leipzig and New Jersey, the club which was founded in 1933 through a merger of FC Rapid Salzburg & Hertha FC Salzburg, greatly benefited by UEFA's decision to award Austria & Switzerland the 2008 European Championship. Local Governor Franz Schauberger explored the potential to expand the former home of Lehener Stadium but with a starting capacity of just 5,300 the stadium was deemed too small.
Unsure whether or nor the country's bid to host the competition would be successful, the new ground was implemented across two distinct phases with the initial opening in 2003 restricted to a capacity of 16.850 across a single tier of seating. The second phase which started in 2005 after confirmation of hosting, concerned upgrading the facilities such as under soil heating and television displays to a "world class level" in tandem with the addition of the new tier of seating.
Opening in 2007 with a newly raised roof and increased capacity to just under 30,000, a curtain raising friendly match against Arsenal F.C was held to break in the new facilities ahead of the tournament next year. Elected to host three group D matches, the arena was referred to as the Wals-Siezenheim-Stadion throughout the tournament due to UEFA's policy on neutral sponsorship.
The matches hosted featured Sweden, Russia, defending Champions Greece and eventual winners Spain in what proved to be the spark which ignited their global footballing dominance.
View of Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)
Red Bull Salzburg Info
Football Club Red Bull Salzburg
Rivals:
Rapid and Austria Wien, FC Wacker Innsbruck, SV Grodig, SK Sturm Graz
Team Colours:
Club Mascot:
Nicknames:
Die Roten Bullen (The Red Bulls)
Former Stadiums:
Alter Austria Platz Lehen (1933–1944), Sports facility Franz-Josefs-Park (1945–1946), Austria Sportplatz Lehen (1947–1969), Itzling sports stadium (1969–1971), Lehener Stadion (1971–2003)
Famous Players:
Erling Haaland, Sadio Mané, Naby Keïta, Duje Ćaleta-Car, Stefan Lainer
Famous Managers:
Otto Baric, Marco Rose, Giovanni Trapattoni, Adi Hütter
Team Owner:
Red Bull GmbH
Team Goalscorer:
Jonathan Soriano (174)
Most Appearances:
Andreas Ulmer (493)
https://www.redbullsalzburg.at/en
Team Wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC_Red_Bull_Salzburg
Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) Seating Plan
Below is a seating plan of Red Bull Salzburg's Red Bull Arena (Salzburg):
Stand Photos
Salzburg's Red Bull Arena is comprised of the following four stands: North, East, South and West.
Click the thumbnails above to enlarge an image of each stand and to read a more detailed description of each part of the Stadium.
Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) Away Section
Away fans are housed within two sections of the Southern goal end, with sections 26 and 27 within the lower tier close to the south-west corner, and section 28 located above within the upper section. Known as the "Gäste Sektor" which literally translates as "Guest Section", it is represented by the colour orange on the seating plan located above
Red Bull Salzburg Club Shop
RB Salzburg operate a club store known as the "Bull Shop" at the stadium towards the eastern stand, a merchandising kiosk towards the west of the stadium on matchdays, and their own online store. which is open twenty four hours, seven days a week.
Monday – Friday: 9.00 am – 6.00 pm
Saturday: 9.00 am – 1.00 pm
Can you take a stadium Tour?
Tours of the Red Bull Arena are available at 10.00 am on Saturdays whenever there isn't a home match being played, and cost just €4.00 per person.
Lasting approximately 90 minutes and conducted in either German or English, you must register your interest via this online form by Wednesday at the latest for each week.
For group tours consisting of 15 or more people you must send an email to [email protected]
How to buy Red Bull Salzburg Tickets
Tickets to see Red Bull Salzburg play at home can either be purchased online from the official site where you have the option of printing them at home, or in person at the "Ticketing and Service Center" which is located at the eastern side of the Red Bull Arena. Be warned however that purchasing on the day increases the cost of each ticket by €2.00!
Upper Tier – Adults, Reduced, Children
East/West (Red): €30.00, €24.00 & €10.00
North and South Curve (Dark Blue): €18.00, €14.00 & €5.00
Lower Section – Adults, Reduced, Children
East/West (Red): €24.00, €19.00 & €7.00
South Curve (Light Blue): €17.00, €13.00 & €5.00
BKC Curve (Purple): €16.00, €12.00 & €3.00
General Admission (Yellow): €14.00, €11.00 & €3.00
The above prices are based on standard matches. For category II matches please add €4.00 to the price of an adult ticket, €3.00 euros to any reduced price ticket. Children's prices remain the same however.
How to get to Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)
Where is Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)?
The Red Bull Arena is located in the municipality of Wals-Siezenheim which is on the outskirts of Salzburg city centre.
The stadium's satnav address is as follows:
Stadionstraße 2/3, 5071 Wals-Siezenheim, Austria
For a complete list of car-parks next to the Red Bull Arena please check out this parking map.
Train - Public Transport
The main railway station known as Salzburg Hbf is located within the city centre 4.1km east of the Red Bull Arena.
The closest train station to the ground however is Salzburg Taxham Europark, which can be reached in just under 10 minutes from the city centre's S3 Line via Salzburg Hbf, leaving fans with a more manageable walk.
Providing that you have a valid match ticket, public transport within the federal region of Salzburg is free for 6 hours before kick-off until the last services of the day. This makes taking either the train or bus very convenient on matchdays.
Public Transport of Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)
The city is served by Salzburg International Airport which is also named after W.A Mozart, the famous Austrian composer. Situated just under 6.00 km from the city centre towards the south-west, you can catch a trolley bus to the heart of Salzburg in approximately 25 minutes.
Hotels Near Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)
Unless you have a car you will find the majority of hotels to be found back within Salzburg city centre. Generally quite an expensive city, you can find one or two modestly priced hotels around the main railway station such as the Austria Trend, Hotel Hofenstauffen and Lasserhof.
Who plays at Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)?
Austrian side Red Bull Salzburg play their home matches at Red Bull Arena (Salzburg).
What is the capacity of Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)?
As of 2023 Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) has an official seating capacity of 31,895 for Football matches.
When was Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) opened?
Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) officially opened in 2003 and is home to Red Bull Salzburg
What is the postcode for Red Bull Arena (Salzburg)?
The postcode for Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) is 5071.
Covid Restrictions may be in place when you visit Red Bull Arena (Salzburg) in 2023. Please visit the official website of Red Bull Salzburg for full information on changes due to the Coronavirus.
Largest Stadiums in Austria
Ernst-Happel-Stadion
Wörthersee Stadion
Allianz Stadion
Linzer Stadion
Generali Arena
Tivoli Stadion Tirol
Pappelstadion
Merkur-Arena
Stadiums in Austria
Admira Austria Lustenau Austria National Team Austria Vienna FC Wacker Innsbruck Grödig Kapfenberger SV LASK Linz Rapid Wien Red Bull Salzburg Rheindorf Altach SC Wiener Neustadt SK Austria Klagenfurt SKN St. Pölten Sturm Graz SV Mattersburg SV Ried Wolfsberger AC
Wörthersee Stadion - SK Austria Klagenfurt Tivoli Stadion Tirol - FC Wacker Innsbruck Ernst-Happel-Stadion - Austria National Team Red Bull Arena - RB Leipzig Red Bull Arena (New York) - New York Red Bulls


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The morning has dawned cool, but sunny in Edinburgh. That's a good sign for a wonderful day.
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We are proud to present the 2014—2015 Featured Member Exhibition series, and opening the season with artist Nova Czarneck. The opening reception will be on Friday, October 17, 5—9 pm.
I work with oil paint, creating vibrant life-sized images of figures in motion, emotional portraits, and amped-up nature. My paintings explore the human experience in colorful explosions of alternate reality, using lyrical movement and design to make the unseen seen.
In my earlier work, I have represented elaborate cityscapes, structured patterns, and the earthly elements with realistic clarity, and investigated organic life, sometimes dripping or swirling with playful fantasy.
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Each year, a juror selects four artists from the Annual Members Show to exhibit individually in their own Featured Member Exhibition. Each exhibition opens on Gallery Night and runs for 10 weeks. This year's juror is Michael Davidson, Chair of Fine Arts at the Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design. The 2014-15 Featured Member Artists were announced during the opening reception of the Annual Members Show on Friday, September 5, 2014.


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blaenau gwent Constituency Details
Blaenau Gwent is a UK parliament constituency that is represented in the House of Commons by Nick Smith of the Labour party.
The Blaenau Gwent constituency has a total population of 69,822, of which 55,660 are eligible (18+) to vote (79.7%).
Blaenau Gwent ranks 308th in a list of the largest constituencies in the UK (geographical size), and 564th in a list of the largest constituencies by population size.
Nick Smith may refer to:
Wikipedia page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Smith
Address Nick Smith MP, House of Commons, London, SW1A 0AA
Email Address nicksmith4blaenaugwent@gmail.com
Constituency Blaenau Gwent
Election turnout for the Blaenau Gwent constituency in 2015 was 61.70%, lower than the average UK turnout at 66.1%.
Mark Pond Green Male - - -
Nick Smith Labour Male 14 January 1960 (63) - http://www.nicksmithmp.com/
Samuel Ellis Rees Liberal Democrat Male 09 March 1991 (32) - https://instagram.com/samuelellisrees/
Steffan Lewis Plaid Cymru Male - - -
Susan Boucher UK Independence Party Female - - http://www.sueboucherukip.com/
Tracey West Conservative Female - - -
BGPV 6,458 19.9%
BNP 1,211 3.7%
Conservative 2,265 7%
Liberal-Democrat 3,285 10.1%
Plaid-Cymru 1,333 4.1%
SocLab 381 1.2%
Conservative Stevenson, Liz
Labour Smith, Nick
Liberal Democrat Smith, Matt
BNP King, Anthony
UKIP Kocan, Mike
Plaid Cymru Davies, Rhodri
Election turnout for the Blaenau Gwent constituency in 2010 was 61.8%, higher than the average UK turnout at 65.1%.
This graph shows the results from 61 people in the Blaenau Gwent constituency who have taken our quiz, displaying which party best matches their opinions of the series of questions we ask.

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Belize has been excluded from EU "blacklist"
8 November 2019 the Council of the European Union has informed of its decision to exclude Belize from the "blacklist" of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes.
It is stated that this decision was based on expected adoption of several measures to abolish the regime that provides for full exemption of taxation for International Business Companies, some features of which are "harmful" for tax administration in the opinion of the Council.
Despite the fact that such measures were to be adopted by the end of 2018, public authorities of this jurisdiction have made a commitment to undertake all necessary reforms by the end of 2019. Thus, Belize have been removed from the "blacklist" (that is excluded from Annex I of Council conclusions on the revised EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes) and added to so called "grey list" (Annex II of the document mentioned above).
After Belize has been de-listed, 8 jurisdictions remained in the "blacklist":
Simultaneously, the council removed North Macedonia from the "grey list"of non-cooperative jurisdictions. In this case the ratification of the OECD multilateral convention on mutual administrative assistance by this jurisdiction has played the most important role.
The following jurisdictions still remain in the "grey list": Australia, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Jordan, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Curacao, Maldives, Morocco, Marshall Islands, Mongolia Nauru, Namibia, Cook Islands, Palau, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Seychelles, Thailand, Turkey, Montenegro, Esvatini, Vietnam.
The "blacklist" has been published by the Council for the first time in December 2017 and included the jurisdictions with preferential tax regimes (zero or low taxation), as well as those jurisdictions that did not meet common standards of tax transparency in the opinion of the Council. It was also mentioned that the "blacklist" may be revised and amended if necessary.
The "grey list" is composed of jurisdictions that have made commitments to eliminate the non-compliance with common standards of tax administration and exchange of information which are in the course of making necessary steps. Based on the results of monitoring of such steps the Council may decide to include particular jurisdiction to "blacklist", or to de-list it from the "grey list" at all. The Council does not specify any measures to be taken to jurisdictions from the "grey list".
On the contrary, several measures can be applicable (which is recommended) to blacklisted jurisdictions, such as:
Non-deductibility of costs;
Controlled Foreign Company rules;
Withholding tax measures;
Limitation of participation exemption;
Switch-over rule;
Reversal of the burden of proof;
Special documentation requirements;
Mandatory disclosure by tax intermediaries of specific tax schemes with respect to cross-border arrangements.
It has also been informed that starting from 2020 the "blacklist" will be revised and updated twice a year.
Tags: offshores, Belize
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15.01.2020 Cyprus: imposition of annual trade license fees in Limassol municipality
13.01.2020 Belize: new rules on intellectual property reporting for IBC companies
23.12.2019 Cyprus introduced penalties for late filing of particular notifications and returns
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L'ancienne abbaye Saint-Valery est située à Saint-Valery-sur-Somme. Fondée vers 615 et supprimée à la Révolution, elle était rattachée à l'ordre bénédictin. Elle fut, selon toute vraisemblance, le plus ancien monastère du diocèse d'Amiens.

Histoire

Fondation
Au début du , Walric (Valery de Leuconay) successeur de Saint Colomban, quitta l'abbaye de Luxeuil pour fonder un monastère à l'embouchure de la Somme. Le roi Clotaire II lui fit don de la terre de Leuconnay pour y fonder un monastère. À sa mort, Blimond poursuivit son œuvre, soutenu par l'évêque d'Amiens et les rois Clotaire II et Dagobert Ier qui firent des donations.

La légende d'Hugues Capet
Les Vikings détruisirent l'abbaye à l'époque carolingienne. Elle fut restaurée grâce à Hugues Capet. Une légende bâtie par des moines de Saint-Riquier rapporte qu'Hugues Capet vit en songe  saint Valery et saint Riquier qui lui annoncèrent son accession prochaine à la royauté. Ils lui demandèrent, en échange, de ramener leurs dépouilles, que le comte Arnoul II de Flandre avait emportées au titre de reliques. En 981, Hugues Capet aurait porté lui-même sur ses épaules les chasses reliquaires en traversant la baie de Somme à pied.

Guillaume le Conquérant bienfaiteur de l'abbaye
En 1066, Guillaume de Normandie abrita sa flotte dans la baie de Somme à cause des vents contraires. Il fit organiser une procession des reliques de saint Valery à travers la ville. Les vents tournèrent et il partit de Saint-Valery-sur-Somme pour l'Angleterre. Après la conquête, il fit don à l'abbaye de Saint-Valery du domaine de Takeley en Essex sur lequel fut fondé un prieuré.
En 1163, Henri II d'Angleterre confirma cette donation.

Ruine, restauration et disparition de l'abbaye
Au , les moines de Saint-Valery asséchèrent les marais du voisinage par le système des renclôtures. Il gagnèrent ainsi, de part et d'autre de la baie, des terrains sur la mer.

Pendant la guerre de Cent Ans, les Anglais abattirent le cloître et les tours de l'abbaye pour en utiliser les matériaux.

En 1451, les moines furent dispersés et Louis XI, ordonna la destruction de l'abbaye en 1475.

Wallerand de Lannoy releva l'abbaye, mais la discorde parmi les moines provoqua l'assassinat dans l'enceinte même du monastère de son successeur Jean de Haudrechies.

Au , l'abbaye tomba sous le régime de la commende. Le cardinal Louis de Bourbon-Vendôme en devint abbé commendataire.

En 1568, les huguenots dirigés par François de Cocqueville, incendièrent l'abbaye et la ville.

Au , Fénelon fut abbé commendataire de Saint-Valery avant de devenir archevêque de Cambrai. L'abbaye fut rattachée à la congrégation de Saint-Maur, en 1644. Elle devint un centre intellectuel, les prêtres poètes Jacques Leclercq, Nicolas Chevalier, Charles Prévost, le théologien, Charles Blondin et le naturaliste, Pierre Blondin, participèrent à son rayonnement.

À la fin du , l'abbaye possédait de nombreuses terres et de vastes bâtiments. Le comte d'Artois, frère de Louis XVI, le futur Charles X, voulut transformer l'abbaye qui n'accueillait plus que neuf moines, en hôpital maritime. Il n'en eut pas le temps.

À la Révolution, l'abbaye fut déclarée bien national et vendue en 1791 à Jean Ricot (1746-1828), négociant armateur à Saint-Valery . Par la suite l'abbaye fut acquise par Antoine-Augustin Renouard, qui s'y retira en 1834.

Vestiges

Il subsiste de l'abbaye des ruines du bas-côté sud et de la chapelle absidiale de l'église abbatiale (XIIIe siècle) et quelques restes du cloître du .

Le palais abbatial en brique et pierre datant de 1752 et le mur d'enceinte en damier de silex et de craie () sont toujours intacts, ils font désormais partie d'une propriété privée. Ils sont protégés en tant que monuments historiques inscrits depuis 1989.

Pour approfondir

Bibliographie
 Dom Michel Germain, Matériaux du Monasticon Gallicanum,  « Regalis abbatia Sancti Walarici supra Mare »
 Georges Bilhaut, , dans le bulletin de la Société d'émulation historique et littéraire d'Abbeville, tome XX, fascicule 2, 1958.
 C. Brunel et H. Salter,  dans le bulletin de la Société d'émulation d'Abbeville, 1909-1911.
 Abbé Caron, Histoire de Saint-Valery, 1893, réédition, Le Livre d'histoire Lorisse, 1996
 Florence Charpentier et Xavier Daugy, Sur le chemin des abbayes de Picardie, histoire des abbayes picardes des origines à nos jours, Amiens, Encrage Edition, 2008
 Adrien Huguet, L'Abbaye de Saint-Valery, 1923, réédition, Woignarue, La Vague verte
 Florentin Lefils, Histoire civile, politique et religieuse de Saint-Valery et le comté de Vimeu, 1858, réédition, Le Livre d'histoire Lorisse, 2005

Articles connexes

 Abbatiale de Saint-Riquier
 Église Saint-Martin de Saint-Valery-sur-Somme
 Entrepôt aux sels de Saint-Valery-sur-Somme
 Porte Guillaume (Saint-Valery-sur-Somme)
 Porte de Nevers (Saint-Valery-sur-Somme)
 Liste des monuments historiques de la Somme

Liens externes

 L'abbaye de Saint-Valery-sur-Somme au Moyen Âge sur hatshepsout.over-blog.com

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Saint-Valery
Saint-Valery
Saint-Valery
Saint-Valery
Monument historique dans la Somme
Monument historique inscrit en 1989
Saint-Valery-sur-Somme

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Philanthropy is a powerful force in sustaining our college. Since it was founded in 1947, the College of Veterinary Medicine has relied on private contributions, in addition to other sources, to fulfill its mission of teaching, research, and service.
Providing specialty care and innovative research for over a century, the Veterinary Medical Center is recognized globally for offering the most advanced, cutting-edge care for large and small animals in the region and beyond.
The Raptor Center rehabilitates sick and injured raptors, while helping to identify emerging environmental issues related to raptor health and populations. An internationally renowned education facility, The Raptor Center trains veterinary students and veterinarians from around the world to become future leaders in raptor medicine and conservation.
The Leatherdale Equine Center translates research breakthroughs into compassionate and first-rate care for clients and trains the equine veterinarians of tomorrow who will bring hope and healing to countless horses and their families.


The Hare & Hounds on Lea Bridge Road was the first pub I went to when I moved to East London. I was living on Bloxhall Road in Leyton, and went in to the Hare on my second day in E10. I was supposed to be going to the now closed B&Q for paint but ended up in the pub with a pint. I was asked for I.D. which at the time annoyed me no end, now of course I'd be over the moon (and pretty astonished) if someone asked me to prove my age. The Hare, which opened in 1861, is now being run by the team behind the Dog & Duck and the Duke on Wood Street. The pub has been refurbished and is now open again, so on sunny Bank Holiday Saturday, we wandered down to check it out.
The pub has changed a fair bit since I last went in. The building has been painted dark green, the carpet has gone, as have the fruit machines which I'm sure used to be in there. The floors have been sanded and varnished, the grand ceilings have been re-painted, and the back room has been turned in to a dining/private room complete with a huge lions head fireplace and two trees on the back wall. At the side of the main bar the conservatory has been changed, and the huge garden is almost unrecognisable. If you've been in the Dog & Duck or the Duke, you would recognise the style, but the Hare isn't an identikit pub. The refurb makes the pub feel modern, but also celebrates the beautiful old features of the building, and I for one really like it.
Food at the Hare is provided by Brew Burger, and the menu includes buttermilk chicken burger, pulled pork, root vegetable, and halloumi and mushroom burger. I went for the Saturday special, the breakfast brew burger, a glorious combination of beef burger, bacon, sausage, egg and fried tomato. That's right, a fry up in burger bun, burger nirvana has been found. The menu also includes salads, ribs, chicken wings and of course a Sunday Roast. Burgers start at £7.50, salads at £4.95, and three huge chicken wings will cost you £5.25. All of the food I saw come out of the kitchen looked good, and I'm sure I'll enjoy eating my way through the menu.
I can pretty much guarantee that as soon as I publish this post, I'll get people coming back to me telling me this is yet another 'proper' local pub that has been lost, then complain about hipsters, people from Hackney, baby buggies and gentrification. But here's the thing, the pub is still a pub. It isn't being demolished or turned in to flats, it's staying as a pub, and a good one at that. So as far as I can see, there's nothing to complain about.
Since moving to Walthamstow from Leyton, the Hare & Hounds has sort of fallen off my pub radar. But I've realised that like many in the Markhouse area of E17, it's the closest pub to me. With its lovely sunny beer garden, smart bar, good food, and the realisation that it's much closer to home than I thought, I think the Hare & Hounds is going to be become a regular on my pub list.
If you fancy trying the Hare & Hounds out, you'll find it at 278 Lea Bridge Road.
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text:
Home Civil Rights Greensboro Nov. 3 rally indictments are asked
Nov. 3 rally indictments are asked
Are Asked
U.S. Attorney H.M. Michaux Jr.
said Wednesday he recornmended that
the Department of Justice begin criminal investigations and seek indictments against participanta in the Nov.
3, 1979, anti-Ku Klux Klan rally,
which left five Communist Worker
Party members dead.
Michaux, on his last day in office as
U.S. Attorney, said that he sent a
three-page memo to the Justice Department on May 5 but did not indicate in the memo any specific persons
or groups that should be charged.
"My recommendation is that the
department begin with prosecution in
this matter and seek indictments. I
did not specify what persons or what
groups to anyone at all."
A Superior Court jury acquitted six
Klansmen and Nazis last November in
one of the state's longest trials.
Michaux said the verdict "stunned"
him and that he has been actively investigating the possibility of bringing
federal civil rights charges since the
trial.
_ Michaux criticized the department
for not acting sooner on his recommendation. "I really am disappointed. It
didn't take me six or seven months to
come up with my conclusion, and they
are far smarter than I am."
John Wilson, a Justice Department
spokesman, said he did not want to
comment on the memo, calling it an
"internal affair." He did say, however,
that it would be "months" before a
decision is reached whether to prosecute.
The Nov. 3 shootout occurred at the
start of a "Death to the Klan" march.
Members of the CWP had written letters to the Klan challenging them to
come to the rally.
When a caravan of Klanmen and
Nazis drove through the southeast
Greensboro neighborhood, a stick and
gun fight ensued and five CWP mem-
bers were killed.
Wilson said the matter was "complicated and complex" and that many
legal matters still need to be resolved.
He said- that it was-possible that individuals charged with civil rights violation where there is a murder involved
could go to jail for life.
Although not going into the specifics of the memo, Michaux said there
i  (See_ Michaux: A-12, Col. 1)
Midiaiix.
From Art
were three philosophical reasons that
he asked for the indictments.
"Irrespective of a person's ideological difference, five people were killed.
Number two is that they were in an
innocent neighborhood; and number
three, what happened is a signal to
other terrorist oganizations. They
may think they can do the same thing
and get away with it."
Reaction to Michaux's memo was
immediate, some of it sharp.
During an interview with a reporter, Michaux received a telephone call
which he later explained was from
Klansman Joe Grady of Winston-Salem, complaining about Michaux's recommendations.
"Everyone is talking about preserving life," Michaux told Grady by telephone. . "And then everyone wants to
take a life away because of ideological
differences. There are other other
ways of doing this, and I am going to
find some way of doing it.
"You know what I am? You call me
red. I am red, white, and blue.
"I am sorry you feel disappointed. I
really am, Joe. I am saying some civil
rights were violated, and it could very
well be those people living in the community who were innocent.
"You're going to tell me those kids
running around that neighborhood
playing are not innocent victims of this
thing? And that those old people living
in the community weren't victims?
What was Jerry Paul Smith (one of
the Klansmen acquitted in the trial)
doing blazing away with those two six-
shooters?"
Smith, who lives in Maiden, reached
by telephone for comment on Michaux's recommendations, said: "You
can take ... (Michaux) and bury him
just like they buried Sandy Smith.
Now print that in your lie newspaper." Sandy Smith was the only black
killed in the Nov. 3 shootings.
Coleman Pridmore, another Klansman acquitted in the trial, was more
subdued. "I hope the Justice Department doesn't go through with the indictments. I think the jury spoke the
truth when they let us loose. I think
the case should be forgot about.
"If anyone's civil rights were violated, it was ours. We were the ones
traveling in a public street and attacked."
An attorney for the Greensboro Justice Fund, representing widows and
\ ^       m
H.M. Michaux Jr.
victims of the shootings, praised Michaux's recommendation. "It is ex-
tremly significant that a U.S. attorney
after a lengthy investigation, has recommended criminal prosecution for at
least some of those responsible for the
assassinations on Nov. 3," Earl Tock-
man said.
"We are in full agreement with
prosecuting all Klano.rien and Nazis
involved, and the victims will fully
cooperate with prosecutors."
Michael A. Schlosser, Guilford
County district attorney who prosecuted the 1980 murder trial, said that
the state court would assist the federal court in its investigation if its help
was requested. Schlosser said that
Michaux told him of his memo to the
Justice Department about a month
ago, but Schlosser did not comment
further, on the conversation.
Michaux appeared in buoyant spirits
in his last day in office as a Democratic
political appointee Wednesday.
Although much of his last day was
spent fielding questions from reporters about his.May 5 memo, Michaux
took the time to relax and joke.
After speaking to Grady on the
phone, Michaux remarked, "If I decide to run for Congress, Joe Grady
said he won't support me."
Michaux, who is the only black to
serve as a U.S. attorney in the state's
history, said, "I am in an upbeat
mood. It's been four exciting years."
Title Nov. 3 rally indictments are asked
Creator Hatcher, Ed
Subject headings Greensboro Massacre, Greensboro, N.C., 1979
Topics Greensboro Massacre, 1979
Description This June 25, 1981 article by Ed Hatcher of the Greensboro Daily News, reports that outgoing U.S. Attorney H.M. Michaux had recommended criminal investigations and federal civil rights charges against participants in the murder of five Communist Workers Party members at the Death to the Klan march in Greensboro on November 3, 1979. Michaux also criticized the department for not acting sooner on his recommendations and recounted a phone conversation with Joe Grady, a Klansman from Winston-Salem. Justice Department officials stated that any action was "months" away.
Original format clippings
Original dimensions 8.5" x 14"
Original publisher Greensboro, N.C. : Greensboro Daily News
Source collection MSS091 Edward F. Burrows Papers, 1948-1982
Finding aid link http://libapps.uncg.edu/archon/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=356
Object ID MSS091.0282
Digital publisher The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, University Libraries, PO Box 26170, Greensboro NC 27402-6170, 336.334.5305 -- http://library.uncg.edu/
Full text Indictment Are Asked U.S. Attorney H.M. Michaux Jr. said Wednesday he recornmended that the Department of Justice begin criminal investigations and seek indictments against participanta in the Nov. 3, 1979, anti-Ku Klux Klan rally, which left five Communist Worker Party members dead. Michaux, on his last day in office as U.S. Attorney, said that he sent a three-page memo to the Justice Department on May 5 but did not indicate in the memo any specific persons or groups that should be charged. "My recommendation is that the department begin with prosecution in this matter and seek indictments. I did not specify what persons or what groups to anyone at all." A Superior Court jury acquitted six Klansmen and Nazis last November in one of the state's longest trials. Michaux said the verdict "stunned" him and that he has been actively investigating the possibility of bringing federal civil rights charges since the trial. _ Michaux criticized the department for not acting sooner on his recommendation. "I really am disappointed. It didn't take me six or seven months to come up with my conclusion, and they are far smarter than I am." John Wilson, a Justice Department spokesman, said he did not want to comment on the memo, calling it an "internal affair." He did say, however, that it would be "months" before a decision is reached whether to prosecute. The Nov. 3 shootout occurred at the start of a "Death to the Klan" march. Members of the CWP had written letters to the Klan challenging them to come to the rally. When a caravan of Klanmen and Nazis drove through the southeast Greensboro neighborhood, a stick and gun fight ensued and five CWP mem- bers were killed. Wilson said the matter was "complicated and complex" and that many legal matters still need to be resolved. He said- that it was-possible that individuals charged with civil rights violation where there is a murder involved could go to jail for life. Although not going into the specifics of the memo, Michaux said there i (See_ Michaux: A-12, Col. 1) Midiaiix. From Art were three philosophical reasons that he asked for the indictments. "Irrespective of a person's ideological difference, five people were killed. Number two is that they were in an innocent neighborhood; and number three, what happened is a signal to other terrorist oganizations. They may think they can do the same thing and get away with it." Reaction to Michaux's memo was immediate, some of it sharp. During an interview with a reporter, Michaux received a telephone call which he later explained was from Klansman Joe Grady of Winston-Salem, complaining about Michaux's recommendations. "Everyone is talking about preserving life," Michaux told Grady by telephone. . "And then everyone wants to take a life away because of ideological differences. There are other other ways of doing this, and I am going to find some way of doing it. "You know what I am? You call me red. I am red, white, and blue. "I am sorry you feel disappointed. I really am, Joe. I am saying some civil rights were violated, and it could very well be those people living in the community who were innocent. "You're going to tell me those kids running around that neighborhood playing are not innocent victims of this thing? And that those old people living in the community weren't victims? What was Jerry Paul Smith (one of the Klansmen acquitted in the trial) doing blazing away with those two six- shooters?" Smith, who lives in Maiden, reached by telephone for comment on Michaux's recommendations, said: "You can take ... (Michaux) and bury him just like they buried Sandy Smith. Now print that in your lie newspaper." Sandy Smith was the only black killed in the Nov. 3 shootings. Coleman Pridmore, another Klansman acquitted in the trial, was more subdued. "I hope the Justice Department doesn't go through with the indictments. I think the jury spoke the truth when they let us loose. I think the case should be forgot about. "If anyone's civil rights were violated, it was ours. We were the ones traveling in a public street and attacked." An attorney for the Greensboro Justice Fund, representing widows and \ ^ m H.M. Michaux Jr. victims of the shootings, praised Michaux's recommendation. "It is ex- tremly significant that a U.S. attorney after a lengthy investigation, has recommended criminal prosecution for at least some of those responsible for the assassinations on Nov. 3," Earl Tock- man said. "We are in full agreement with prosecuting all Klano.rien and Nazis involved, and the victims will fully cooperate with prosecutors." Michael A. Schlosser, Guilford County district attorney who prosecuted the 1980 murder trial, said that the state court would assist the federal court in its investigation if its help was requested. Schlosser said that Michaux told him of his memo to the Justice Department about a month ago, but Schlosser did not comment further, on the conversation. Michaux appeared in buoyant spirits in his last day in office as a Democratic political appointee Wednesday. Although much of his last day was spent fielding questions from reporters about his.May 5 memo, Michaux took the time to relax and joke. After speaking to Grady on the phone, Michaux remarked, "If I decide to run for Congress, Joe Grady said he won't support me." Michaux, who is the only black to serve as a U.S. attorney in the state's history, said, "I am in an upbeat mood. It's been four exciting years."


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Sinhalese New Year is also known as Sinhala Aluth Avurudda. This day is celebrated as the new year of Sinhalese people – the people whose native place is Sri Lanka.
It is said that as per the Sinhalese mythology, the New Year begins when the sun moves from Meena Rashiya (the house of Pisces) to Mesha Rashiya (the house of Aries). This beautiful festival also marks the end of the harvest and spring season.
Sinhalese New Year is a public holidays in Sri Lanka and it is generally celebrated on 13th or 14th April every year.
Send these latest Sinhalese New Year – Sri Lankan New Year 2017 WhatsApp, SMS, Text Messages and Wishes to all your Sri Lankan friends.
May The New Year Bring for You….
Wishing You a Happy Sinhalese New Year…!
Happy Sinhalese New Year 2017 …!


The average annual and hourly salaries for commercial pilots in the state of Florida are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively. The comparison of the salary statistics of commercial pilots among Florida areas is shown in Table 3. The salary statistics are based on the national compensation survey conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics in 2017 and published in April 2018 .
Table 1 shows the average annual salary for commercial pilots in Florida in 5 percentile scales. The average annual salary for the 90th percentile (the top 10 percent of the highest paid) is $127,840. The median (50th percentile) annual salary is $63,120. The average annual salary for the bottom 10 percent is $39,070.
Table 3 shows the median annual salary of commercial pilots in some Florida cities and metropolitan areas. We note that the median annual salary of commercial pilots in state of Florida ranges from $37,740 to $118,910. The highest paying area for commercial pilots in Florida is Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin with a median annual salary of $118,910. The second highest paying city/area in Florida State is Naples-Marco Island (mean annual salary $116,850). The lowest paying area is Sebastian-Vero Beach with a median annual salary of $37,740.


text:
Freegan.ca Inquire about this domain name
Information on a Freeganism lifestyle
What is Freeganism?
Freeganism is a way of life based around the belief that almost all work and monetary exchanges within a capitalist economy contribute to myriad forms of exploitation such as worker abuse, animal exploitation, hunger, ecological destruction, mass incarceration, war, inequitable distribution of resources, commodification of women - almost all issues addressed by social, ecological, and animal rights advocacy groups.
Basic beliefs
"Freegan", a combination of "free" and "vegan", is derived from the observation that even a vegan lifestyle is not free of exploitation.
A product's vegan provenance does not guarantee that:
- Workers were not exploited in the product's production;
- Pesticides were not used in its growing;
- Non-renewable resources (like petroleum), were not used in production and
shipping;
- Rainforest was not cleared to generate plantation land;
- Wildlife was not harmed in production; nor that
- Wasteful packaging was not used.
Freegans argue that people sincerely committed to living the "cruelty-free" lifestyle espoused by vegans must strive to abstain not only from eating, wearing, and using animal skins, secretions (e.g. milk and its byproducts), flesh, and animal-tested products, but must strive to the greatest degree possible to remove themselves from participation in the capitalist economy altogether as workers and consumers.
Similarly to veganism, freeganism is a philosophy of living, a range of living strategies, a community, a culture, and an ideal.
As with veganism it is almost impossible to be freegan in all ways at all times.
Many freegans are anarchists and identify with libertarian socialist ideals of voluntary cooperation and mutual aid, and place a strong emphasis on forging socially and ecologically sustainable egalitarian communities.
Many freegans get free food by pulling it out of the trash, a practice commonly nicknamed 'dumpster diving' in North America or skipping in the UK. Freegans find food in the garbage of restaurants, grocery stores, and other food-related industries, and this allows them to avoid spending money on products that exploit the world's resources, contribute to urban sprawl, treat workers unfairly, or disregard animal rights.
By foraging, they prevent edible food from adding to landfills and sometimes feed people and animals who might otherwise go hungry. Many freegans claim that they are able to eat very well, and even avoid paying for food altogether, due to this practice. Many vegan dumpster divers come to embrace freeganism in order to utilize more of the thrown-out food they find, which would otherwise be wasted.
Meagans
Some freegans, sometimes called "meagans", consume meat and other animal products as long as they would otherwise be wasted; others are strict vegans. Meagans argue that since even seemingly benign products are produced exploitatively under capitalism, there is nothing "pure" about a vegan diet.
Since capitalism is fuelled by the exchange of capital, using wasted goods creates no further demand for production. Meagans see using wasted animal products not as supporting animal slaughter and exploitation, but rather as diverting waste from landfills. Some even argue that allowing animal corpses to end up in landfills shows disrespect for animal lives, and that they should at least ensure that their bodies remain part of the food chain and that their deaths weren't in vain by serving as food rather than as waste. Many vegan freegans do not in principle disagree with this argument, but, coming from vegan backgrounds, consider animal products unhealthy, and unappetizing.
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text:
Q: Why does QgsSpatialIndex.nearestNeighbor(point, 1) sometimes return 2 lines? I'm trying to get the closest line to a point using PyQGIS in a plugin. The active code file is this: http://pastebin.com/TDzmsKVM
When I request the closest line (only 1)
nearestIds = self.spIndex.nearestNeighbor(self.feat2.geometry().centroid().asPoint(),1)

I sometimes get a list with two lines and the first one is not the closest but as far as I can see the second one is. Why is this?
Does QgsSpatialIndex use only boundingboxes for lines?
How do I get the real closest line always, not only most of the time?

A: The nearest points can return more then one according to the underlying code.
RTree.cc (a underlaying file)
539  // report all nearest neighbors with equal greatest distances.
540  // (neighbors can be more than k, if many happen to have the same greatest distance).

The greatest distance I guess should be the smallest. But other then that it sounds like a truncation in the tree precision.

A: QgsSpatialIndex only knows about the bounding boxes.
You will need to get the actual geometries to find the real nearest neighbour.
I have done it like this in the NNJoin plugin:
# Find a nearest index entry to myPoint (QgsPoint)
nearestindexid = self.spIndex.nearestNeighbor(myPoint, 1)[0]
# Get the feature in the layer (self.myvectorlayer) that is
# being indexed by self.spIndex
nnfeature = self.myvectorlayer.getFeatures(QgsFeatureRequest(nearestindexid)).next()
# Get the distance to this feature (it is not necessarily the nearest one)
mindistance = myPoint.distance(nnfeature.geometry())
px = myPoint.x()
py = myPoint.y()
# Get all the features that may be closer to the point than nnfeature
closefeatureids = self.spIndex.intersects(QgsRectangle(px - mindistance,
                   py - mindistance, px + mindistance, py + mindistance))
for closefeatureid in closefeatureids:
    closefeature = self.myvectorlayer.getFeatures(QgsFeatureRequest(closefeatureid)).next()
    thisdistance = myPoint.distance(closefeature.geometry())
    if thisdistance < mindistance:
        mindistance = thisdistance
        nnfeature = closefeature
        if mindistance == 0:
             break

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The bounty hunters and mercenaries in the newer Assassin�s Creed games are more than just a regular enemy. They can turn up in the most inopportune moments, usually in the middle of a quest or looting a particular location, to relentlessly hunt you down.... 7/07/2016�� Went back to Trophy Camp, turned in my bounties and got 6% into grade 3! I thought that was a good evening since this was my first visit to Tod. I thought that was a good evening since this was my first visit to Tod.
The AeroGarden Bounty Elite is a smart tabletop hydroponics system manufactured by AeroGrow International. This particular growing machine is one of AeroGarden�s largest and most technologically advanced models.... Watering. You fill the Bounty Elite container with about one gallon of water. It was easier to fill it with a gooseneck kettle because of the small opening for the water.
14/02/2018�� Now what would be great is figure out a way to keep it from turning in the bounties, and if it comes across a bounty that it does not recognize just skip it but finish the rest of them (even the ones in the act it finds one that is not supported) and then have an option to turn in on completion or not turn in on completion...now that would be GG.... The Bounty System allows players to defeat elite monsters and capture them in an urn to turn in to the guard of that map. In exchange for the bounty monster, the guard will give the player a gift box, which can be opened up for items.
Fines never mature into bounties and bounties never become dormant or expire. If you commit a crime in another pilot�s ship during multicrew the fine or bounty will be applied to your most valuable ship.
From today, us PC players are able to dive into the open beta for Elite Dangerous: Beyond � Chapter One, the first of this year�s major updates to Frontier�s multiplayer space game.


Size: 25" x 31" x 2"
More than 150 rivers and streams drain into Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the United States. It drains a basin of over 64,000 square miles into the Atlantic Ocean, but it's actually quite shallow. Its average depth is only 21 feet and almost a quarter of the bay is less than 6 feet deep.
During the last ice age, sea levels were much lower than they are today and the bay was actually a river basin. When the ice receded and sea levels rose, it filled in the bay and left the channel of the Susquehanna down below as evidence of its prehistoric past. In geologic terms, this is what's called a "ria" (a drowned river valley).
Points of Interest: Pocomoke Sound, Potomac River, Rappahannock River, Patuxent River, Susquehanna River, Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, Sassafras River, Chester River, Nanticoke River, and more!


text:
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Why Europe's Apple Decision is Misguided and What It Means for Ireland, Tech Companies, and the Future of Global Tax Reform
By Joe Kennedy · September 7, 2016 · 1 Comment
Guests ·
Last week, the European Commission ruled that Ireland hasn't been taxing Apple enough and declared the company should pay back $14.5 billion more than Ireland thinks it owes. This underscores the degree to which European officials, having created a regulatory and economic environment that deters innovation and rapid growth, increasingly resent the competitive success of tech companies such as Apple, Amazon, Google, and Facebook. The large benefits these companies deliver to European consumers are seen not as welcome relief amidst an otherwise dreary economic picture, but as an indication of undue power that needs to be brought to heel. So an ongoing series of official investigations and regulatory actions has pried into not just tax practices, but also antitrust issues, privacy concerns, and business model restrictions.
Although the final ruling has not been published, European Competition Commissioner Margrethe Vestager's decision almost certainly exceeds the Commission's powers and provides clear evidence of this European animus toward U.S. companies. The decision is misguided and is going to have serious impact on Ireland's economic competiveness, deter other innovative companies from expanding in Europe, and put into question the future of global tax reform.
EU rules forbid member countries from giving assistance to narrow groups of companies. This is to prevent the kind of self-defeating competition that often occurs between U.S. states when they try to attract new manufacturing plants and the like. But countries are allowed to set their own tax rates. Ireland's low corporate rate has long been resented by other Europeans, largely because it has succeeded in attracting a significant amount of corporate activity to the island that might otherwise have gone to continental Europe. There is good reason why a country might lower corporate tax rates and instead raise revenue through a consumption tax: It would impose a much lower economic burden and encourage investment and innovation.
The Commission complains that Ireland charged Apple almost nothing in corporate taxes. Technically, of course, Ireland was free to eliminate all corporate taxes. But the Commission took exception to the fact that Apple's tax situation is unique, so other companies were unable to benefit from Irish tax law in quite the same way, even though the same interpretations of the law would have been available to them if they were the same kind of business as Apple. But the truth is most large multinational companies are unique in some aspect. This often requires authorities to generate new interpretations of the law in light of their unique fact patterns. Although it claims Apple got preferential treatment, the Commission does not point to any specific company that has been unfairly harmed by the rulings at issue in the Apple case.
At the heart of the Commission's case against Apple is how the company handles the standard practice of what is known as "transfer pricing." Companies are generally free to create their own corporate structures, many of which have little substance other than to hold a specific set of assets. When transferring assets between these sub-units, companies are supposed to use an arms-length standard for valuation that is based on what two independent companies would charge each other. A huge bureaucracy and set of rules governs these transactions, and companies use these rules aggressively to minimize their international tax burdens. That is exactly what Apple has been doing in Ireland—strategically positioning capital assets, such as data centers, and booking revenue from European sales. But the Commission's decision never mentions any disagreement with how Apple applied the rules to determine the level of profits earned by each of its subsidiaries.
In its supporting documents, the EU repeatedly claims that a large portion of Apple's profits are not subject to tax anywhere in the world. This is false. All of Apple's worldwide profits are subject to the U.S. corporate tax rate of 35 percent, the highest among developed countries. However, Apple does not have to pay this tax until it decides to bring its foreign profits home. The U.S. proponents of the Commission's decision have a big problem with this. They often make the implicit assumption that the money will never be repatriated. As a result, they claim that Apple and other large multinational companies can evade U.S. law and pay low effective tax rates. If this were true, then eliminating the U.S. tax on foreign profits should cost very little in lost tax revenue while removing the incentive to invest profits abroad instead of in the United States. Yet these same experts argue that such a change would indeed dramatically reduce tax revenues and unfairly benefit shareholders. They can't have it both ways.
The story is not over. Ireland and Apple are sure to appeal. For Ireland, the impact is serious. The decision undercuts the country's strategy of using low corporate tax rates to attract investment. Moreover, various treaties, including with the United States, require Ireland to abide by international transfer-pricing rules when determining the taxable profits of a company and to promptly negotiate any disputes with other countries. Ireland obviously cannot do this, since it no longer controls the application of its own tax laws. Following on the Euro crisis and Brexit, the Commission's decision to expand its powers over domestic tax legislation will likely provide further momentum for those who think Brussels has too much power. Finally, Apple can expect more scrutiny from other European countries. The Commission's statement practically invites other countries to reevaluate whether they deserve a slice of Apple's $14.5 billion.
Because the profits in question are subject to U.S. tax and because Apple gets to deduct any foreign taxes from what it owes the Treasury, the net result is that much of the $14.5 billion will be paid by the U.S. taxpayer rather than Apple. However, the Obama administration is in a weak position to object, having engaged in similar practices. Over the past few years, U.S. regulators have been very aggressive in imposing large penalties on banks and other companies for real and imagined sins of the past. These are usually civil actions where the burden of proof is much lower. The sum demanded is seldom justified by a clear relationship to the harm generated, and companies have a strong reputational interest in settling the matters quickly. The Treasury also recently promulgated retroactive rules to deter so-called "inversions," in which companies buy foreign entities and then merge into them for tax purposes. The use of raw executive power to generate novel theories to raise money thus occurs on both sides of the Atlantic.
For the last several years, the Obama administration has been participating in an international effort to address base erosion and profit shifting (known as "BEPS") among multinationals. Certain aspects of how multinationals are taxed clearly need reform, but there always has been suspicion that many European countries are more interested in rewriting tax practices to grab a larger share of revenues for themselves than to improve the existing system. The European Commission's decision in the Apple case should cause the United States to reevaluate its participation in BEPS and either pull back or become more assertive about the direction it takes. This is a case where it needs to lead from the front for common sense global tax reform (as well as for corporate tax reform at home).
In the meantime, the Commission's ruling also sends a clear signal to other innovative companies seeking to expand in Europe and to the European countries that want to attract them with low corporate rates and tax incentives: The Commission thinks companies are under-taxed, countries should not compete against each other for investment, American companies are too powerful, and tax and regulatory policies have little effect on investment and innovation. But the practical result of such thinking is likely to be a reduction in inward foreign direct investment and a reduction in the continent's ability to compete for the markets of the future.
Len Diamond
"…real and imagined sins" tells us something about your bias if we needed anything.
If the Europeans' actions would shake Congress into closing the loopholes they would be a good thing for that alone. It won't happen, of course.
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Innovation Fact of the Week: EU Private Sector R&D Investment is 57% of U.S. Level →
Innovation Fact of the Week: EU Private Sector R&D Investment is 57% of U.S. Level
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Apache Cordova Documentation

                <select><optgroup label="English" value="en">
<option value="edge">edge</option>
<option value="2.9.0rc1">2.9.0rc1</option>
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<option value="2.4.0rc1">2.4.0rc1</option>
<option value="2.4.0">2.4.0</option>
<option value="2.3.0rc2">2.3.0rc2</option>
<option value="2.3.0rc1">2.3.0rc1</option>
<option value="2.3.0">2.3.0</option>
<option value="2.2.0rc2">2.2.0rc2</option>
<option value="2.2.0rc1">2.2.0rc1</option>
<option value="2.2.0">2.2.0</option>
<option value="2.1.0rc2">2.1.0rc2</option>
<option value="2.1.0rc1">2.1.0rc1</option>
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Project Settings

            <select><option value="Project%2520Settings">Project Settings</option>
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API Reference

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Project Settings

You can set various application configuration parameters using a platform-agnostic configuration file, config.xml.
This file is based on the W3C Packaged Web Apps (Widgets) specification.

The location of the config.xml file is different depending on the platform. The contents, in general, are not.

Platform-Specific Properties

As with any abstraction layer, Apache Cordova cannot be a perfect silver bullet. As such, some native and platform-specific
properties, characteristics and behaviours are encapsulated as much as possible as <preference> elements inside the
config.xml file. The following sub-sections linked to are guides which go into more details about these preferences.

Project Settings for iOS

Project Settings for Android

Project Settings for BlackBerry

Project Settings for Windows Phone 7

Project Settings for Windows Phone 8

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config.xml Elements

The Apache Cordova project strives abstract away native platform specifics via web-inspired and web-based
abstractions that are heavily standards driven and adopted by the web community. Please take a few minutes to familiarize
yourself with the config.xml specification, to understand the type of application metadata the
Apache Cordova project aims to abstract and provide simple entry points for.

An example:

    <widget>
        <preference name="MySetting" value="true" />
        <plugins>
            <plugin name="MyPlugin" value="MyPluginClass" />
        </plugins>
        <access origin="*" />
    </widget>

A list of supported elements across major platforms which are supported in Apache Cordova follow.

<plugin>

These elements map to native APIs that the application will be able to access. At runtime, the Apache Cordova framework checks
the <plugin> elements and maps them to native code to enable your Cordova application to access device APIs otherwise
unavailable to typical web-based applications.

<access>

These elements define how your whitelist works. Please see the Domain Whitelist Guide for more information.

<content>

This element defines the start page of your application, relative to the project's standard web assets root folder. The default is "index.html".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Dried Elderflowers can be an interesting addition to either beer or wine. Enhances the aroma while creating more complexity.
Add 1 to 2 oz at the end of the boil or add to primary fermentation for 72 hours.


text:
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using Azure.Core.Cryptography;
using Azure.Core.Pipeline;
using Azure.Storage.Cryptography;
using Azure.Storage.Cryptography.Models;
using Azure.Storage.Queues.Specialized.Models;
using Moq;
using NUnit.Framework;
using static Moq.It;

namespace Azure.Storage.Queues.Test
{
    public class EncryptedMessageSerializerTests // doesn't inherit our test base because there are no network tests
    {
        private const string TestMessage = "This can technically be a valid encrypted message.";
        private const string KeyWrapAlgorithm = "my_key_wrap_algorithm";

        private Mock<IKeyEncryptionKey> GetIKeyEncryptionKey(byte[] userKeyBytes = default, string keyId = default)
        {
            if (userKeyBytes == default)
            {
                const int keySizeBits = 256;
                var bytes = new byte[keySizeBits >> 3];
                new RNGCryptoServiceProvider().GetBytes(bytes);
                userKeyBytes = bytes;
            }
            keyId ??= Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

            var keyMock = new Mock<IKeyEncryptionKey>(MockBehavior.Strict);
            keyMock.SetupGet(k => k.KeyId).Returns(keyId);
            keyMock.Setup(k => k.WrapKey(KeyWrapAlgorithm, IsNotNull<ReadOnlyMemory<byte>>(), IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
                .Returns<string, ReadOnlyMemory<byte>, CancellationToken>((algorithm, key, cancellationToken) => Xor(userKeyBytes, key.ToArray()));
            keyMock.Setup(k => k.UnwrapKey(KeyWrapAlgorithm, IsNotNull<ReadOnlyMemory<byte>>(), IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
                .Returns<string, ReadOnlyMemory<byte>, CancellationToken>((algorithm, wrappedKey, cancellationToken) => Xor(userKeyBytes, userKeyBytes.ToArray()));

            return keyMock;
        }
        private static byte[] Xor(byte[] a, byte[] b)
        {
            if (a.Length != b.Length)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("Keys must be the same length for this mock implementation.");
            }

            var aBits = new System.Collections.BitArray(a);
            var bBits = new System.Collections.BitArray(b);

            var result = new byte[a.Length];
            aBits.Xor(bBits).CopyTo(result, 0);

            return result;
        }

        [Test]
        public void SerializeEncryptedMessage()
        {
            var result = new ClientSideEncryptor(new ClientSideEncryptionOptions(ClientSideEncryptionVersion.V1_0)
            {
                KeyEncryptionKey = GetIKeyEncryptionKey().Object,
                KeyWrapAlgorithm = KeyWrapAlgorithm
            }).BufferedEncryptInternal(
                new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(TestMessage)),
                async: false,
                default).EnsureCompleted();
            var encryptedMessage = new EncryptedMessage()
            {
                EncryptedMessageText = Convert.ToBase64String(result.ciphertext),
                EncryptionData = result.encryptionData
            };

            var serializedMessage = EncryptedMessageSerializer.Serialize(encryptedMessage);

            // success = don't throw. test values in another test with deserialization (can't control serialization order)
        }

        [Test]
        public void DeserializeEncryptedMessage()
        {
            var result = new ClientSideEncryptor(new ClientSideEncryptionOptions(ClientSideEncryptionVersion.V1_0)
            {
                KeyEncryptionKey = GetIKeyEncryptionKey().Object,
                KeyWrapAlgorithm = KeyWrapAlgorithm
            }).BufferedEncryptInternal(
                new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(TestMessage)),
                async: false,
                default).EnsureCompleted();
            var encryptedMessage = new EncryptedMessage()
            {
                EncryptedMessageText = Convert.ToBase64String(result.ciphertext),
                EncryptionData = result.encryptionData
            };
            var serializedMessage = EncryptedMessageSerializer.Serialize(encryptedMessage);

            var parsedEncryptedMessage = EncryptedMessageSerializer.Deserialize(serializedMessage);

            Assert.IsTrue(AreEqual(encryptedMessage, parsedEncryptedMessage));
        }

        [Test]
        public void TryDeserializeEncryptedMessage()
        {
            var result = new ClientSideEncryptor(new ClientSideEncryptionOptions(ClientSideEncryptionVersion.V1_0)
            {
                KeyEncryptionKey = GetIKeyEncryptionKey().Object,
                KeyWrapAlgorithm = KeyWrapAlgorithm
            }).BufferedEncryptInternal(
                new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(TestMessage)),
                async: false,
                default).EnsureCompleted();
            var encryptedMessage = new EncryptedMessage()
            {
                EncryptedMessageText = Convert.ToBase64String(result.ciphertext),
                EncryptionData = result.encryptionData
            };
            var serializedMessage = EncryptedMessageSerializer.Serialize(encryptedMessage);

            bool tryResult = EncryptedMessageSerializer.TryDeserialize(serializedMessage, out var parsedEncryptedMessage);

            Assert.AreEqual(true, tryResult);
            Assert.IsTrue(AreEqual(encryptedMessage, parsedEncryptedMessage));
        }

        [TestCase("")]
        [TestCase("\"aa\"")] // real world example
        [TestCase("{\"key1\":\"value1\",\"key2\":\"value2\"}")] // more typical json object, but not the actual schema we're looking for
        [TestCase("{\"EncryptedMessageContents\":\"value1\",\"key2\":\"value2\"}")] // one required piece but not the other
        [TestCase("{\"EncryptionData\":{},\"key2\":\"value2\"}")] // one required piece but not the other
        [TestCase("this is not even valid json")]
        [TestCase("ᛁᚳ᛫ᛗᚨᚷ᛫ᚷᛚᚨᛋ᛫ᛖᚩᛏᚪᚾ᛫ᚩᚾᛞ᛫ᚻᛁᛏ᛫ᚾᛖ᛫ᚻᛖᚪᚱᛗᛁᚪᚧ᛫ᛗᛖ")]
        public void TryDeserializeGracefulOnBadInput(string input)
        {
            bool tryResult = EncryptedMessageSerializer.TryDeserialize(input, out var parsedEncryptedMessage);

            Assert.AreEqual(false, tryResult);
            Assert.IsNull(parsedEncryptedMessage?.EncryptedMessageText);
            Assert.IsNull(parsedEncryptedMessage?.EncryptionData);
            Assert.IsNull(parsedEncryptedMessage);
        }

        #region ModelComparison
        private static bool AreEqual(EncryptedMessage left, EncryptedMessage right)
            => left.EncryptedMessageText.Equals(right.EncryptedMessageText, StringComparison.InvariantCulture)
            && AreEqual(left.EncryptionData, right.EncryptionData);

        private static bool AreEqual(EncryptionData left, EncryptionData right)
            => left.EncryptionMode.Equals(right.EncryptionMode, StringComparison.InvariantCulture)
            && AreEqual(left.WrappedContentKey, right.WrappedContentKey)
            && AreEqual(left.EncryptionAgent, right.EncryptionAgent)
            && left.ContentEncryptionIV.SequenceEqual(right.ContentEncryptionIV)
            && AreEqual(left.KeyWrappingMetadata, right.KeyWrappingMetadata);

        private static bool AreEqual(KeyEnvelope left, KeyEnvelope right)
            => left.KeyId.Equals(right.KeyId, StringComparison.InvariantCulture)
            && left.EncryptedKey.SequenceEqual(right.EncryptedKey)
            && left.Algorithm.Equals(right.Algorithm, StringComparison.InvariantCulture);

        private static bool AreEqual(EncryptionAgent left, EncryptionAgent right)
            => left.EncryptionAlgorithm.Equals(right.EncryptionAlgorithm)
            && left.EncryptionVersion.Equals(right.EncryptionVersion);

        private static bool AreEqual(IDictionary<string, string> left, IDictionary<string, string> right)
        {
            if (left.Count != right.Count)
            {
                return false;
            }
            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> leftPair in left)
            {
                if (!right.TryGetValue(leftPair.Key, out string rightValue))
                {
                    return false;
                }
                if (!leftPair.Value.Equals(rightValue, StringComparison.InvariantCulture))
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }

            return true;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}


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