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We need to talk about spite: it gave us Trump and it costs us money
Trinity psychologist Simon McCarthy-Jones lifts the lid on the dark side of our nature
Mon, Nov 2, 2020, 05:59
Simon McCarthy-Jones
Simon McCarrthy-Jones: Spite, in its strongest sense, is an act where we harm both another and ourselves. This makes it a puzzle. How could a behaviour evolve if all parties lose?
Would you say you're a spiteful person? Perhaps you've lingered in a parking space or at the checkout, ATM or traffic lights just to make the next person wait. Maybe you've played your music loud or put up a taller fence, just to annoy your neighbour.
Beyond such common acts of petty spite lie more profound horrors. In relationships, a divorcing partner may destroy their spouse's belongings, drag out court proceedings or contest child custody, just to spite the one they once loved.
In the business world, Warren Buffett lost billions as the result of his spiteful acquisition of Berkshire Hathaway. In elections, spite-voters support a candidate to harm another, even at the price of putting someone they know to be unfit for office into power.
Spite, in its strongest sense, is an act where we harm both another and ourselves. This makes it a puzzle. How could a behaviour evolve if all parties lose? Spite should not exist. And what of the fabled being of economic theory, homo economicus – the creature that always looks to maximise its own pay-off. We are told that what matters to voters is the economy (stupid).
Indeed, during the 2016 Brexit referendum, the Remain campaign warned voters over and over that voting Leave invited a financial apocalypse. Yet it did not have the expected effect. The Remain campaign seemed not to have heard of the Ultimatum Game. But Dominic Cummings, the Campaign Director of Vote Leave, had.
In the Ultimatum Game you are told that someone in an adjoining room has been given €10 and has been asked to offer you some of this. If you reject their offer, you both go home with nothing. If you accept, you both keep the money involved. So, if they offer you €2, and you agree, you take home €2 and they take home €8. But if you reject the €2, you both leave with nothing.
Initially, economists thought people would accept any non-zero amount. After all, something is better than nothing. But people didn't act this way. Around half of people rejected low offers of €2 or less.
Some people do this because they are outraged at unfairness. During Brexit, while Remain stressed finance, Leave emphasised fairness. This meant the Leave campaign could access the counter-dominant side of our nature displayed in the Ultimatum Game.
We see this side of us in contemporary hunter-gatherer tribes. Such tribes are, at least in terms of relations among men, strongly egalitarian. Any man who tries to dominate the group will be quickly chastised and sometimes killed.
Yet, we also have a domineering side. Not everyone who rejects low offers on the Ultimatum Game does so because of fairness concerns. For some, this game is not about social exchange but rather social competition. They see a chance to make a relative gain on the other player. Turning down €2 means the other person will lose €8. Indeed, people tend to focus on their position relative to others, rather than their absolute status.
Thus, if offered a choice between, a) earning €100,000 and another person earning €110,000, or b) earning €90,000 and another person earning €80,000, people tend to prefer option b, which pays less but puts them on top.
Whether we are thinking about personal, business, or political relationships, we need to be aware of what may trigger a spiteful backlash. It pays to appear deserving.
"Money-burning studies" show that if we think others have obtained undeserved gains, we will pay to destroy them. In such studies, you play a betting game on a computer with other players, for real money. During the game you see the computer giving other players an undeserved advantage.
At the end, you can choose to (anonymously) give up some of your winnings to burn some of the other players' money. Remarkably, two in three people will pay to punish those who made undeserved gains.
Under cover of anonymity, large numbers of us will spite those who we feel have undeserved wealth. Given society offers us anonymity both in the voting booth and on social media, and we face a world of increasing economic inequality, waves of spite threaten to roll over us. Maybe they already have.
But it is not only the undeserving that get spited. The Joy of Destruction game has showed that 40 per cent of people, under the cover of anonymity, will pay to destroy money that others have earned fairly. And things get even worse. Some of us will even spite those who try to help us. This is called do-gooder derogation. People act this way because they feel threatened by the helpful. Some of us would clearly rather rule in hell rather serve in heaven, as Milton put it.
All these elements, and more besides, were visible during the 2016 US presidential election. By portraying Hillary Clinton as an unfair, undeserving, disloyal do-gooder who thought herself superior to the "deplorables", the Trump campaign summoned spite-voters.
The 2016 US election was, unlike its recent predecessors, a punishment election. Polling by the Pew Research Center found 53 per cent of Trump voters said they were voting against Clinton more than they were voting for Trump. Many did so whilst acknowledging being concerned, or even scared in some cases, about what would happen if Trump won.
A simple conclusion is that we need restore a world where elections are about whom to support, not whom to spite. A harder question is whether we sometimes need to embrace spite to ensure a better future.
Dr Simon McCarthy-Jones is an associate professor of clinical psychology and neuropsychology in the department of psychiatry at Trinity College Dublin. His new book Spite: And the Upside of our Dark Side is published by Oneworld
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This course is "part 2" of Social Norms, Social Change and the lessons here are a continuation of the first course. This module covers scripts and schemas, the cognitive structures in which social expectations are embedded, and their relationship with social norms.
Often, schemas refer to events, or sequences of actions.
giving a lecture, going to a wedding, preparing a meal and taking a test.
These are basic skeletal sequences of actions.
There are many ways of giving a lecture or preparing a meal.
But the minimal sequence of actions is very much the same.
The type of food will defer in different contexts.
But the food will be processed, cut, sliced, peeled, and so on.
Prepared, roasted, steamed, left raw, [INAUDIBLE].
is very similar across a variety of situations.
These schemas for events or sequences of actions are called scripts.
Certain schemas serve as trigger cues for scripts.
For example, suppose you identify a building as a restaurant.
what people do in a restaurant.
And brings to mind a sequence of typical activities.
less formal, but the sequence of activities is more or less the same.
about what to expect in recurrent social situations.
Scripts typically include roles and rules.
rules about how to behave in a particular situation.
how to talk to one's child.
and how to react if the accompanying rules are violated.
does not fill are identified through shared scripts.
>> The majority of mothers in the region do not have proper breastfeeding practice.
And it's important to understand why.
and especially Congo and the plateau.
the first milk, which is yellow, is not good for the baby.
until the breast milk is white to give to the child.
And this is because they are advised by the elder women and the mother-in-law.
And if they don't comply, they feel like they are bad mothers.
mothers categorize bad or good mother.
is a mother who is exclusively breast feeding his or her child.
it has less pneumonia and it's really growing very well.
So we needed to change that category of bad and good mothers.
These scripts and rules vary depending on the specific culture.
For example, in some cultures a good mother should hit a misbehaving child.
other sanctions, such as timeout, are thought to be more appropriate.
prescriptions about how a good wife should treat her in-laws.
is not strictly regulated, and there are no specific rules to follow.
Many of the rules that are part with scripts are social norms.
Think again of rules about how to treat in-laws, in an extended family.
obey her mother in law.
depending upon how well she performs such duties.
which is as we have seen, also a norm activation process.
You observe something, let's say a specific behavior or event.
This observation will trigger the schema that most closely matches the observation.
And some schemas serve as trigger cues for behavioral scripts.
The schema of a restaurant immediately trigger the restaurant script.
what to expect other patrons and waiters to do.
Let me emphasize again, that the schemas and scripts are typically socially shared.
is normal behavior and what is appropriate, or inappropriate behavior.


Boxed with magazines and fill-probe.
Inspect and collect from our shop in Shenstone (South Staffordshire) or we can deliver to your local Registered Firearms Dealer.
We charge £7.50 for delivery to your RFD but your RFD might charge you a handling fee.


SYNOPSIS: Presented in two 90-minute parts, this British-German co-production tells the remarkable true story of the sinking of the troopship RMS Laconia by German U-Boat U-156, and the rescue of Laconia survivors by the U-Boat that sank it.
Written by Alan Bleasdale, 'The Sinking Of The Laconia features some magnificent actors on both British and German sides, including Brian Cox, who plays a fantastically cynical Captain Sharp of the Laconia.
The story of the Laconia incident was a defining moment in the war at sea. Confusion over whether the Germans really had saved hundreds of civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian prisoners of war, or whether this was simply a ruse du guerre designed to attract Allied ships to sink, led to the Americans to reveal a secret Air Force base, and consequently to bomb the Red Cross-displaying U-156 in an attempt to prevent knowledge of this base reaching Axis commanders.
The ramifications were profound: Admiral Dönitz (Thomas Kretschmann) subsequently ordered U-Boats to cease even helping any survivors (by providing food, water and directions to the nearest shore, let alone rescuing them.
This production, however, focuses much more on the personal, individual stories and relationships aboard U-156 and the Laconia, and subsequently between the crew and passengers of both ships.
There are too many moments of sublime intensity to mention them all, but I would like to highlight the gallows humour of the Captain Sharp and his first mate as they wait on deck for the ship to sink, stoically bracing themselves as the deck tilts upwards; rather than give us Titanic-style water gushing over them, we cut to a long shot of the ship slipping below behind the lifeboats.
Going down with one's ship is not a simple death, but writer, director and actors pull off the complexity of these few moments deftly. As the shot opens, it could just be a captain and his mate sharing a cigarette on any vessel, but even without telling us that this is it, we understand all too well what is going on.
That is, I think, the strength of 'The Sinking Of The Laconia'. Despite three hours in which lesser writers might give us long conversations between characters about their stories and what's going on, everything we need to know is implicit, conveyed by masterful storytelling and great acting.
Despite that, there are some weaknesses. The treatment of Italian prisoners of war aboard the Laconia, caged beneath the water line, is barely touched upon, despite early hints that it could be explored to great effect. There is a tendency in scenes within German naval headquarters to use heavy vignetting, as if we couldn't tell by the lack of water that we were far from the action.
'The Sinking Of The Laconia' sets a grand challenge for TV drama in 2011, to follow what I think is a magnificent start.
Watch the first part here and the concluding part here. Available until Friday 14 Jan 2011. UK users only.


text:
Ingrid Thulin (Sollefteå; 27 de enero de 1926-Estocolmo; 7 de enero de 2004) fue una actriz sueca.

De niña recibió lecciones de ballet y fue aceptada por la Real Academia de Estocolmo de Arte Dramático en 1948.

Durante años trabajó con el director sueco Ingmar Bergman, con quien desarrolló su estilo personal actuando con intensidad neurótica en largometrajes como El silencio (1963) y Gritos y susurros (1972), lo que la convertiría en la tercera actriz sueca de fama internacional (tras Greta Garbo e Ingrid Bergman).

Durante sus últimos años vivió en Roma, pero volvería a Suecia para recibir tratamiento médico. Murió de cáncer en Estocolmo en 2004, poco antes de su 78.º cumpleaños.

Filmografía
 Tras el ensayo (1984)
 Salón Kitty (1976)
 El puente de Cassandra (1976)
 Gritos y susurros (1972)
 La caída de los dioses (1969)
 El rito (1969)
 Un diablo bajo la almohada (1968)
 La hora del lobo (1967)
 Hambre (1966)
 La guerra ha terminado (1966)
 El silencio (1963)
 Los cuatro jinetes del apocalipsis (1962)
 Los comulgantes (1962)
 El rostro (1958)
 Fresas salvajes (1957)
 Intriga extranjera (1956)

Premios y distinciones

Festival Internacional de Cine de Cannes

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Actores de teatro de Suecia
Actores de cine de Suecia
Actores de televisión de Suecia
Fallecidos por cáncer en Suecia
Fallecidos en Estocolmo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This made me sad today.
Because we got this movie theater gift card for Grandpa for Christmas and hubby handed it back to me today.
The girls' late Grandpa LOVED gift cards and had a lot of them, so when hubby was going through his stuff he came across a whole stack of them, he decided to split them between his sister and us.
So as I start flipping through our little stack and see a few restaurant gift cards, I come to the movie theater gift card that I had personally bought and it struck me... he never got to use it. And he won't be taking Charlotte to any more movies.
You see, Grandpa and Mimi brought Charlotte to her very FIRST BIG (In other words... movie theater) movie. They had a ball! Charlotte sat in the middle and held the popcorn, passing out pieces as she felt necessary. Since Grandparents never really NEED anything for Christmas, we got them each a set of movie theater gift cards so they could take Charlotte some more.
Time to go work on a little "Memories of Grandpa" project!
This week is going to be a little weird and hectic with all that we are trying to do for hubby's dad's funeral on Friday.
My kids LOVE Steak and Shake.
Is it the oh-so-unhealthy fried chicken fingers and fries?No, although they are fan... of course.
Is it the tasty milk shakes?!
No... but again... they do enjoy them.
And this is from the few months before.
The pictures of their "score" just goes to show how often we/they went to Steak and Shake and how big a part of our lives Mimi and Grandpa are. Weekly lunches, "playdates", stopping by the office to say 'hi'. The girls are very lucky to have their grandparents so close.
But lunches at Steak and Shake aren't going to be the same anymore.
A week can make a HUGE difference if your life.
Friday, shortly after lunch with hubby, Grandpa started feeling sick with the flu. All weekend he was laid up, but he told hubby on Sunday that he was feeling better and would be back to work (they work together) on Monday.
Hubby was at drill this weekend, so Sunday after church I went to lunch at... you guessed it, Steak and Shake with Mimi and the girls. Grandpa didn't join us because he was still sick with the flu. The girls missed Grandpa, but they understood he was sick.
Monday's meal plan post... but we had some pretty bad news, Hubby called and said Grandpa had a stroke. Well, after a day in the hospital it wasn't a stroke, it was infection which turned out to be from the gall bladder. Oh, and he also had pneumonia.
I went and tapped into the power of social media for prayers and thoughts... and it seemed to work because Tuesday things were looking up. Hubby went from talking about his father as if he had already died to talking about what we were going to do with him in a few weeks and how our trip to Disney would be fun. Wednesday was much of the same, the vitals were getting better but he was still on life support. Thursday was kind of annoying because they were messing with his dialysis and tubes and he went without dialysis for about 8 hours, which made hubby nervous but he was "still going to get out of this". Friday, hubby rushed out of the house because Grandpa was not doing well. To keep normal, I get everyone dressed and ready for Ladies Bible study at church. I text hubby right when I get there to keep me posted and that I was at Bible Study. I get back "Will do. It looks like he will pass away".
WHAT?! So my wonderful friends at Bible study come to the car with me and get the car seats so they can pick up the girls after Bible study and watch them while I'm at the hospital and I rush over there. It turns out Grandpa might have MRSA due to bacteria imbalance so I can't go in there. But hubby wants to stay in there (understandably) so he tells me to head back to Bible study. So I do.
I sit back down in Bible study and my mother in law calls to tell me they are going to DNR (do not resuscitate) him and I need to come back for hubby. So, again, I rush out... luckily my friends are amazing and are going to take the girls. Back at the hospital it is not looking good.
A few hours later, my hubby's father, Grandpa, passed away surrounded by his loving family, way too soon, after one crazy week.
Thank you for being the best father-in-law a girl could ask for and the best and most fun Grandpa for my daughters.
I LOVE LOVE these skewers for parties! They are SUPER easy and I have been making them for a while.
Skewer cherry tomatoes, mozzarella balls, and the optional sausage in whatever order suits you.
Can be made the day before.
Drizzle with balsamic dressing (I actually ran out of balsamic dressing so I also used some balsamic vinegar too) just before serving.
I cut the tomato in half, skewered half, then the mozzarella ball, then the other half of the tomato.
Theese even work perfectly for a LUAU!
So, I am at home with the girls (hubby doesn't want to bring them to the hospital until they know what kind of infection is it) trying to "do our normal day stuff" which, I might add, is quite difficult.
I figured since I had my post prepared, I might as well share it today.
If anyone is the praying type, we could use some today. Thanks!
Has this ever happened to you? You have bacon with breakfast, but don't eat an entire package. Or what about those recipes that use 2 slices of bacon and bacon grease? Now I know you can buy those precooked bacon packages... BUT if you want to cook the bacon and use the bacon grease here's a suggestion for you... freeze it!
Well, of course, duh, we know that, right? But mom passed down a simple tip that might make it easier for you to have a slice or two of bacon every once in a while without (a) wasting the rest of a package or (b) going to the store to buy a NEW package.
Grab your self a gallon freezer bag, some snack or sandwich baggies and your bacon.
Separate out 2 or 3 slices.
Cut the slices in half.
Place your 4-6 halves into a sandwich baggie and repeat with rest of the bacon.
Once you have your baggies filled, put all your baggies into your freezer bag (and label so in a few weeks you will actually be able to find your bacon).
NOW... jump ahead a few weeks. It's a Saturday morning and hubby decides he wants to make some eggs. What goes great with eggs? BACON of course!
Simply take out a few baggies, thaw*, and cook.
* To thaw, I usually wrap my frozen bacon in paper towel and microwave it 30 sec or slightly more until the bacon is soft. Then I separate the bacon out and either use my microwave tray or pan fry it. Also, I've seen that you can bake your bacon on pinterest for a healthier alternative.
VOILA! A yummy bacon, egg, and cheese biscuit!
I also use my frozen bacon when making my black beans, BLT's, this past week's Crockpot Pork chops over black beans and bacon, and well, any recipe that you have that calls for a few slices of bacon.
I'm sorry... this was just too cute not to share!
The girls FAVORITE thing to do is feed Duke; and they are surprisingly good at it too! Here's my little helper (one shoe'd) after she carried the full bowl all the way from the garage.
And she then proceeded to place the bowl down, attempt to bring Duke to the bowl... and then giving up, she feeds him herself.
Ok so it's not really the BEST thing... but right now it's super cute and makes my mornings just a little bit easier!!
PS - Isn't Charlotte "curling" Jillie's hair the sweetest?
Today I got tagged by Leslie @ Peace Love & Everything Pink to be part of the The Blogger Game: Tag! You're It!
2. Post eleven fun facts about yourself on the blog post.
3. Answer the questions the tagger set for you in their post, and then create eleven new questions to ask the people you've tagged.
3. I do not like baseball, but I played softball in high school. Actually, I didn't like watching softball either. BORING!
5. I do not have any tattoos... nor do I ever want one. Oh, and I am only pierced once in each ear and no where else.
9. I am the youngest in my family and have 2 older brothers, yet I was the first to get married AND have a baby.
10. I have a hard time saying "no" to stuff. For example, this year I am a chair for my Junior League committee (after I vowed not to chair again), I am the VP of my daughters preschool parent teacher committee, AND I help out with my local sorority chapter as an advisor.
11. I go through digital cameras (point and shoot) just about every 2 years. I REALLY need one of those shock-proof, water-proof, child-proof, and Stevie-proof ones!
1. What is your favorite TV show?
Hubby and do NOT miss NCIS or NCIS: LA; although when I have a moment to rest by myself (and I'm not blogging) I catch up on Once Upon a Time and PanAm.
2. One place you are dying to visit?
3. Do you think money buys happiness?
No, but it helps :) I think I'm pretty dern happy with how hubby and I are doing. We know we'll never be millionaires, especially with me staying at home with the girls, and we are ok with that. I'd like to think that if we ever won the loto we would (a) not tell anyone and (b) be reasonable and smart with it.
CAT!! oooooooooooh so cat! We have 2, however we also have one HUGE laboradoodle named Duke.
5. Are you a beach girl or city girl? Why?
Hmmm I would say neither. I grew up outside NYC and liked day trips, but could NEVER live there like some of my friends do. I now live by the ocean but we aren't there nearly as much as we should. I prefer suburbs... in the Carolinas if I had my wish.
Oooh tough one. Entering giveaways, stupid I know. As for food... it would be doritos with melted cheddar on top (yes, weird but OH so good).
8. Where is your favorite place to shop?
9. If you could have dinner with anyone living or dead who would it be? Why?
Probably my desceased Grandpa; my family began to take videos of him telling stories of the family on the farm and they are so fascinating!
10. Do you think you should have been born in a different time period? Which one?
Sometimes I do, like when I see Pride and Prejudice and other "old timey" movies... I wish I lived back then. BUT then I remember that it was hard and it was "Easy" if you were born into a rich family, but if not... not so much. So I think I'm pretty good. I do wish we had more "skills" that they did... too much TV nowadays. I wish I could sew, play the piano, sing, needlepoint, etc.
The urge just hit. I probably should have started a year earlier when hubby was deployed but I did it at the end. Some of my friends call me "martha stewart" although that's probably because they don't surf some of the crafty blogs out here... I got nothing on them, so I decided to "show off" all my projects. Little did I know I wasn't very good OR clever. lol. It's fun now!
Ashlee @ Pretty in Pink and Orange too!
1. Look back 10 years, is your life where you thought it would be?
2. When do you fit blogging in?
3. How often to you cook dinner?
4. What kind of music do you listen to?
6. What is your favorite thing to do at the beach?
7. If you were stuck on a dessert island, what book would you bring?
8. Do you prefer going to bars or clubs?
9. What is your ideal date night?
10. Where would you go on your next vacation if money were not an issue?
11. What is your FAVORITE all time meal?


text:
using EgoEngineLibrary.Archive.Erp;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;

namespace EgoErpArchiver.ViewModel
{
    public class MainViewModel : ViewModelBase
    {
        #region Data
        string windowTitle;
        string filePath;
        ErpFile file;
        readonly ResourcesWorkspaceViewModel resourcesWorkspace;
        readonly PackagesWorkspaceViewModel packagesWorkspace;
        readonly TexturesWorkspaceViewModel texturesWorkspace;
        readonly XmlFilesWorkspaceViewModel xmlFilesWorkspace;

        public override string DisplayName
        {
            get { return windowTitle; }
            protected set
            {
                windowTitle = value;
                OnPropertyChanged("DisplayName");
            }
        }
        public string FilePath
        {
            get { return filePath; }
        }

        public ErpFile ErpFile
        {
            get { return file; }
        }
        public ResourcesWorkspaceViewModel ResourcesWorkspace
        {
            get { return resourcesWorkspace; }
        }
        public PackagesWorkspaceViewModel PackagesWorkspace
        {
            get { return packagesWorkspace; }
        }
        public TexturesWorkspaceViewModel TexturesWorkspace
        {
            get { return texturesWorkspace; }
        }
        public XmlFilesWorkspaceViewModel XmlFilesWorkspace
        {
            get { return xmlFilesWorkspace; }
        }
        #endregion

        #region Presentation Data
        int selectedTabIndex;

        public int SelectedTabIndex
        {
            get { return selectedTabIndex; }
            set
            {
                selectedTabIndex = value;
                OnPropertyChanged("SelectedTabIndex");
            }
        }
        #endregion

        public MainViewModel()
        {
            this.DisplayName = Properties.Resources.AppTitleLong;

            resourcesWorkspace = new ResourcesWorkspaceViewModel(this);
            texturesWorkspace = new TexturesWorkspaceViewModel(this);
            packagesWorkspace = new PackagesWorkspaceViewModel(this);
            xmlFilesWorkspace = new XmlFilesWorkspaceViewModel(this);

            // Commands
            openCommand = new RelayCommand(OpenCommand_Execute);
            saveCommand = new RelayCommand(SaveCommand_Execute, SaveCommand_CanExecute);

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Properties.Settings.Default.F12016Dir))
            {
                Properties.Settings.Default.F12016Dir = string.Empty;
            }
        }

        #region MainMenu
        readonly RelayCommand openCommand;
        readonly RelayCommand saveCommand;

        public RelayCommand OpenCommand
        {
            get { return openCommand; }
        }
        public RelayCommand SaveCommand
        {
            get { return saveCommand; }
        }

        public void ParseCommandLineArguments()
        {
            string[] args = (string[])Application.Current.Resources["CommandLineArgs"];

            if (args.Length > 0)
            {
                Open(args[0]);
            }
        }

        private void OpenCommand_Execute(object parameter)
        {
            OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog();
            openFileDialog.Filter = "Erp files|*.erp|All files|*.*";
            openFileDialog.FilterIndex = 1;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
            {
                openFileDialog.FileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filePath);
                openFileDialog.InitialDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);
            }

            if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                Open(openFileDialog.FileName);
            }
        }
        private void Open(string fileName)
        {
            try
            {
                filePath = fileName;
                ClearVars();
                this.file = new ErpFile();
                Task.Run(() => this.file.Read(File.Open(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))).Wait();
                resourcesWorkspace.LoadData(file);
                packagesWorkspace.LoadData(resourcesWorkspace);
                texturesWorkspace.LoadData(resourcesWorkspace);
                xmlFilesWorkspace.LoadData(resourcesWorkspace);
                SelectTab(Properties.Settings.Default.StartingTab);
                DisplayName = Properties.Resources.AppTitleShort + " - " + Path.GetFileName(filePath);
            }
            catch (Exception excp)
            {
                // Fail
                DisplayName = Properties.Resources.AppTitleLong;
                MessageBox.Show("The program could not open this file!" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine + excp.Message, Properties.Resources.AppTitleLong, MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
            }
        }
        private void SelectTab(int index)
        {
            switch (index)
            {
                case 0:
                    SelectedTabIndex = 0;
                    break;
                case 1:
                    if (packagesWorkspace.Packages.Count > 0) SelectedTabIndex = 1;
                    else SelectTab(-1);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    if (texturesWorkspace.Textures.Count > 0) SelectedTabIndex = 2;
                    else SelectTab(-1);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    if (xmlFilesWorkspace.XmlFiles.Count > 0) SelectedTabIndex = 3;
                    else SelectTab(-1);
                    break;
                default:
                    if (texturesWorkspace.Textures.Count > 0) SelectedTabIndex = 2;
                    else if (packagesWorkspace.Packages.Count > 0) SelectedTabIndex = 1;
                    else if (xmlFilesWorkspace.XmlFiles.Count > 0) SelectedTabIndex = 3;
                    else SelectedTabIndex = 0;
                    break;
            }
        }
        private bool SaveCommand_CanExecute(object parameter)
        {
            return file != null;
        }
        private void SaveCommand_Execute(object parameter)
        {
            SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
            saveFileDialog.Filter = "Erp files|*.erp|All files|*.*";
            saveFileDialog.FilterIndex = 1;
            saveFileDialog.FileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filePath);
            saveFileDialog.InitialDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);

            if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            {
                try
                {
                    Task.Run(() => file.Write(File.Open(saveFileDialog.FileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read))).Wait();
                    filePath = saveFileDialog.FileName;
                    DisplayName = Properties.Resources.AppTitleShort + " - " + Path.GetFileName(filePath);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("The program could not save this file! The error is displayed below:" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine + ex.Message, Properties.Resources.AppTitleLong, MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
                }
            }
        }
        private void ClearVars()
        {
            if (file == null) return;

            resourcesWorkspace.ClearData();
            texturesWorkspace.ClearData();

            DisplayName = Properties.Resources.AppTitleLong;
            file = null;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Azure: Is there a way to view deployed files in Azure? Is there a file "view" available in Azure?
When I log in to Azure to look at a website I've deployed there is no obvious see exactly what files Azure is hosting.

I can see there's the Visual Studio Online option which allows you to live edit your server code but that is more than I need.  I just want to be able to check that certain files are deployed and others are not.

A: In VS2017/2019, there's Cloud Explorer to view files in Azure, but each time open folder to view files will invoke connection to cloud, so you have to wait, that's a bit slow.
To open Cloud Explore, Right click on project > Publish > Manage in Cloud Explore, or Top Menu > View > Cloud Explorer.

A: You can use App Service Editor (previously known as Visual Studio Online). It can be found under your webapp -> Development Tools section in the Azure Portal.

A: I know this is old, but I just found it, and got some useful tips from it. If you are using an App Service, there is now a browser option to do this as well:
https://YourAppService.scm.azurewebsites.net/dev/wwwroot/
You can get there from the Azure portal, then go to your App service, then scroll down to Development Tools, and click on "App Service Editor".

A: Yes, you have many options to see that

*

*By clicking Console option (run "dir" command, will list down all files)

*By hitting App Service Editor(Preview) option,

A: If you're just trying to look around, and see the various directories and files in your deployment, you can enter the site's "Kudu" dashboard, using the url format http://<yoursitename>.scm.azurewebsites.net
This will give you a web-based dashboard, including a debug console (web-based) where you can explore your various directories (and the directories will show up visually as well).
More info can be found in this post from the Azure Websites team.

A: Adding to the accepted answer,
you can open an ssh session by going to http://<yoursitename>.scm.azurewebsites.net/webssh/host.
For a long time, I've looked for a linux-style terminal to view my deployed files and environment variables. With this you can view the files, check and set environment variables, make db migrations directly, and a lot more. Hope this is useful.

A: In Visual Studio, in the window "Server Explorer" you click and connect on "Azure".
=> App Service
=> Your site name
=> Files
Here you see all your files and you can edit them directly in Visual Studio.

@@@@@ UPDATE 19/08/2019 @@@@@
For some time now, it hasn't worked anymore.... :(
Here is another way to do it: By FTP !
From the Azure portal, in the "App Service" section of your website, go to "Deployment Center" > FTP > Dashboard
There is the FTPS Endpoint => ftp://.....ftp.azurewebsites.windows.net/site/wwwroot
And username, password information.
Install FileZilla Client! (https://filezilla-project.org/)
Enter Host with "FTPS Endpoint" the "username" and "password" and then login quickly!

A: That could be relevant: AppService->Console

A: You can use Visual Studio Code and the Azure extension

A: Since you are using Azure Websites, Azure wants to "manage" it for you, and as a result, you cannot connect to the VM itself. If you were using a Cloud Service, you can obtain the RDP information from the Azure Console and just remote into the machine.
For your situation, you can use FTP as an option. Here is blog that describes one approach:
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/avkashchauhan/archive/2012/06/19/windows-azure-website-uploading-downloading-files-over-ftp-and-collecting-diagnostics-logs.aspx
Here is another option using WebMatrix:
http://www.microsoft.com/web/post/how-to-edit-a-site-hosted-on-windows-azure-with-webmatrix

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Prophets and preachers, theologians and pastors — believers of every sort have sought to understand and explain the root cause of Salvation. If you want to be saved, how can you make that happen?
The ironic answer is, you need to be in need of salvation.
The more accurate answer is that Salvation is accomplished by God because He desires to save every human life, including yours. It doesn't require prerequisites or justification. It isn't the result of your personal holiness or because you deserve it. Salvation is provided to all who accept it.
In point of fact, by the time you are making a choice about salvation, it has already happened, you are just choosing whether you want to receive it, stay with it, be defined by it, and do something with it, or not.
That's the paradox. Salvation isn't earned. Salvation is accepted.
So, how does someone accept salvation? The most commonly understood and accurate explanation of the mechanism of salvation is to accept Jesus Christ as your Lord and Savior. But for many, this sounds like a theological statement of belief — not an action, but a thought. So, let me try to put it in a bit more context.
When you accept Jesus Christ as your Lord and Savior, life stops being about you and starts being about salvation. Not your salvation, but everyone within your reach.
Salvation is rooted in love. People's struggles and failures are not an obstacle to salvation, they are an opportunity for salvation.
Salvation is not about purity or a personal journey to perfection. To be a believer is to be perfectly aware of the mess around you and within you — the combat, the struggle, the defeats, and the failures — but to refuse to be defined by them.
To be a believer is to be defined by the God who created you, who redeemed you, and who saves you not because you deserve it or have earned it but because He wants to because He loves you and is dedicating everything that He has to bless you, give you life, and grant you the victory — all you have to do is accept it.
You will not find salvation by directing your focus onto yourself and your story. The classic psycho-analytical approach of delving into your past to uncover the answer to your future is not the root of salvation. You will not find salvation unless your life stops being about you and starts being about receiving and sharing all of the blessings that God has in store for you as He promised from the beginning. This is the salvation paradox.
Your salvation is not assured by your personal spiritual state, carefully preserved and maintained and protected like the monastic traditions suggested. It doesn't have to be defended or justified. And it certainly doesn't result in you stepping away from the world, other people, and the challenges and opportunities that they present to weakly preserve and defend your own personal purity.
Your salvation isn't about refusing to do anything that might compromise your personal status or avoiding all situations where you might be exposed to the influence of sin. On the contrary, your salvation is confirmed, expanded, and amplified by the work you do to achieve and ensure the salvation of others even in challenging contexts and messy situations, knowing that God is going before you.
Reaching deep and going long, unafraid and ready to make a difference. Christ is a bold savior, who seeks and saves those who are lost no matter what corner they have gotten themselves into or what dark alley they find themselves in. And for those who would accept Him, that means accepting His boldness to walk with Him right on through the dark, right on through the mess, right on into the mix, and right on up against all odds.
Salvation means joining the savior. Accepting Jesus Christ, means accepting His love for all people, accepting His mission to improve every circumstance, His desire and His plan to bless, to provide for, to reach, and to recover those who have lost their way, and most of all, accepting Jesus Christ is accepting that nothing can stop Him, prevent Him, or overcome Him — no sin, no mistake, no error, no flaw — so to accept Jesus Christ is to accept victory.
As believers it is time that we stopped running scared from sin, trying to convince each other that we are perfect, flawless, and beyond further need for a Savior.
Salvation is not about achieving a state of personal perfection for all to see, it's about becoming witnesses to the grace and power of Jesus Christ, our Lord and our God. So stand firmly in the presence of God in full confidence that it is He who makes you holy because He loves you, not because you are perfect, flawless, beyond reproach, or without sin, but because you are His child and He loves you so much that He will stop at nothing to save you.
Stop spending time considering and seeking to preserve your own salvation and stop worrying so much about whether you appear saved or not, and start accepting His mission to seek and to save all who are lost and in need of salvation. Only then will you discover the root and the accomplishment of salvation through your acceptance of Jesus Christ.


USGS: HVO scientists captured this aerial view of a much-changed Halema'uma'u during their overflight of the summit this afternoon. Explosions and collapse within Halema'uma'u have enlarged the crater (foreground) that previously hosted the summit lava lake, and the far rim of Halema'uma'u has dropped with continued summit deflation. The parking area for the former Halema'uma'u Overlook (closed since early 2008 due to volcanic hazards) can be seen to the left of the crater.
USGS: The International Charter for Space and Major Disasters (https://disasterscharter.org/) is a means for space agencies around the world to help with disaster monitoring by providing satellite data to responders and scientists on the ground. The charter was invoked for recent eruptive activity at Kīlauea, and numerous space agencies are providing satellite imagery that HVO scientists are using to help evaluate eruptive activity. In this example, high-resolution radar data from the German TerraSAR-X satellite acquired on June 2 (left) and from the Canadian RADARSAT-2 satellite on June 4 (right) show the area of the fissure 8 lava flow, which appears as a darkened area in both images. We are grateful to our colleagues and partners at space agencies worldwide for their help in better tracking activity at Kīlauea.
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) or SAR Journal is an industry trade journal which tracks the worldwide SAR industry. We offer news, education, and insights to the SAR industry. We are operated, moderated and maintained by members of the SAR community.This profile is run by multiple moderators who all represent the SyntheticApertureRadar.com If you would like to submit news or have questions about a post please email us here: SyntheticApertureRadarmag@gmail.com and someone will get back to you.


text:
Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka
Reading: Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans
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Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans
S Mahagama,
Sri Lanka Standards Institution, Elvitigala Mawata, Colombo 08,, LK
D. S. M. De Silva ,
University of Kelaniya, LK
Profiles:
About D. S. M.
S. Wimalasena
About S.
Selenium is considered as an essential micronutrient. The daily requirement of selenium is 55 µg. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) has drawn their attention to establish the micronutrient range of selenium, required by the human body. Report from China has shown that an ecological correlation exists with the selenium content in the soil and increased mortality due to cancer and cardiovascular diseases with light intake of selenium. This led to the interest in assessing the nutritional status of selenium. Rice is the staple food of Sri Lankans and studies on selenium content in rice grown in Sri Lanka have not been reported. The present study reports the selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice and soil obtained from twelve districts (Gampaha, Colombo, Matara, Hambantota, Kegalle, Matale, Anuradhapura, Pollanaruwa, Kurunegalle, Puttalam, Ampara and Moneragalle), in Sri Lanka determined using Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption spectrometer (HGAAS). The results of the study showed that selenium content in rice and soil obtained from Gampaha and Colombo districts were very low and less than the detectable levels of the instrument (0.5 μg/kg). Except for rice and soil from Pollanaruwa district that had a very high selenium content in rice (61.2 μg/kg) and soil (69.8 μg/kg), the respective values from other districts were low [13.8 μg/kg (Kegalle) -6.3 μg/kg (Anuradhapura)] and [20.3 μg/kg (Matara) -9.5 μg/kg (Matale)].
Keywords: Selenium, paddy, rice, Bg 350, soil, Sri Lanka
How to Cite: Mahagama, S., De Silva, D.S.M. and Wimalasena, S., 2020. Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans. Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 13, pp.35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Published on 20 Jul 2020.
Mahagama, S., De Silva, D.S.M. and Wimalasena, S., 2020. Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans. Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 13, pp.35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Mahagama S, De Silva DSM, Wimalasena S. Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans. Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka. 2020;13:35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Mahagama, S., De Silva, D. S. M., & Wimalasena, S. (2020). Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans. Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 13, 35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
1. Mahagama S, De Silva DSM, Wimalasena S. Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans. Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka. 2020;13:35-45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Mahagama S, De Silva DSM and Wimalasena S, 'Selenium Content in Bg 350 Variety of Rice Consumed by Sri Lankans' (2020) 13 Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka 35 DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Mahagama, S, D. S. M. De Silva, and S. Wimalasena. 2020. "Selenium Content in Bg 350 Variety of Rice Consumed by Sri Lankans". Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka 13: 35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Mahagama, S, D. S. M. De Silva, and S. Wimalasena. "Selenium Content in Bg 350 Variety of Rice Consumed by Sri Lankans". Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka 13 (2020): 35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
Mahagama, S, et al.. "Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans". Journal of Science of the University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, vol. 13, 2020, pp. 35–45. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v13i0.8023
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Published by Faculty of Science of the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Kathy Kelly | "Would you like a drink of water?" Please Ask a Yemeni Child.
June 23, 2017 ·	by Rise Up Times ·	in Activism, climate change, Militarism, U.S. Foreign Policy	· 1 Comment
This week, in New York City, representatives from more than 100 countries will begin collaborating on an international treaty, first proposed in 2016, to ban nuclear weapons forever.
By Kathy Kelly World Beyond War June 20, 2017
It makes sense for every country in the world to seek a legally binding ban on nuclear weapons. It would make even more sense to immediately deactivate all nuclear weapons. But, by boycotting and disparaging the process now underway, the U.S. and other nuclear armed nations have sent a chilling signal. They have no intention of giving up the power to explode, burn and annihilate planetary life. "The United States is spending $1 trillion USD over the next thirty years to modernize its nuclear weapon arsenals and triple the killing power of these weapons," says Ray Acheson, programme director at Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF). Acheson also notes that the excessive spending for nuclear weapons contrasts with U.S. cuts to vital anti-poverty programs. On June 19th, more than a dozen people blocked the U.S. Mission to the UN entrance to protest Washington's boycott of the negotiations. They were arrested for disorderly conduct, but I believe it's incomparably more disorderly to plan for nuclear war.
During the past weekend, to support the negotiations for a treaty banning nuclear weapons, WILPF called for "Women's March to Ban the Bomb" actions in cities across the U.S. and around the world. Jane Addams, who helped found the League in 1919, was a Chicago woman who understood the crucial need to put an end to war, all war, and instead care for the neediest people. She dedicated herself to assuring that many new immigrants in her city were treated with respect, given assistance to meet basic needs and encouraged to live and work together, peaceably. Addams worked passionately to prevent nations from sleepwalking into the horrors of World War I, and she vigorously campaigned to stop the United States' entry into it.
Upon return from visiting soldiers who had been maimed while fighting in the trenches of World War I, she spoke of how the young men couldn't have carried on the war without mind-altering substances -sometimes absinthe, sometimes extra rations of rum. Families were sending laudanum and even heroin to the front lines in hampers. The soldiers couldn't kill, she concluded, if left in their right minds.
The WILPF gatherings help us ask hard questions about our capacity to prepare for massive obliteration of entire cities, through nuclear weapon buildup, while failing to meet the needs of children, like those in Yemen, whose survival is jeopardized by war and indifference. Can we persist in perfecting our nuclear arsenals, indifferent to millions of children at risk of starving to death or dying because they lack clean water — and because U.S. supported Saudi airstrikes decimate the infrastructure that might have supplied food and water, –can we do so and claim to be in our right minds?
WILPF gathered us in Chicago where we took time to remember a remarkably brave former Chicagoan, Jean Gump, a mother of twelve whose altruism led her to help dismantle an intercontinental ballistic missile. On March 28, 1986, Jean and her companions in the Plowshares movement enacted the biblical call to turn swords into plowshares. Picture it in the words of Lila Sarick's article, "The Crime of Ms. Jean Gump:"
The early morning sun was beginning to glow red over the horizon as a trio ran through the dew-soaked Missouri field.
Silently, a young, bearded man cut the chain-link fence topped with barbed wire, while his two companions, another man and a woman, hung banners beside the scarlet sign that warned them not to enter.
Beside the warning sign, the pair hung a photo collage of the woman's 12 children and 2 grandchildren. Alongside it, they hung a pennant that bore the group's logo: "Swords into plowshares — an act of healing."
The trio then clambered through the hole in the fence and entered M-10, a Minuteman II missile site at Whiteman Air Force Base, Knob Noster, Missouri.
The missile site resembled an abandoned railway yard. Rust-colored tracks ended abruptly in the middle of the site. Tall signal arms and white concrete bunkers dotted the landscape.
Wordlessly, the three set to work. Ken Rippetoe, 23, swung a sledgehammer at the railway tracks, designed to launch a nuclear missile with the punch of one million tons of TNT.
Larry Morlan, 26, snipped the wires on the signal arms, which pointed blindly toward the sky.
And Jean Gump uncapped a baby bottle filled with the trio's blood and poured it in the shape of a cross on the gleaming hatch from which a missile could emerge. Underneath, she painted the words "Disarm and live."
For this action, Jean Gump was sentenced to 4 ½ years in prison. The following year, her husband, Joe Gump, performed a similar action, believing Jean was right about assuming personal responsibility to deactivate nuclear weapons. The couple galvanized a group of Midwesterners to form a 1988 campaign, the "Missouri Peace Planting," which involved dozens of people climbing over barbed wire fences onto the grounds of nuclear weapon silos in Missouri, and planting corn on top of the missile silos. I remember entering a nuclear weapon site in Missouri's Whiteman Air Force Base, planting corn, and shortly thereafter finding myself kneeling in the grass, handcuffed, as a soldier stood behind me with his weapon pointed toward me. I lasted about two minutes in silence, and then started talking about why we did what we did and how we hoped the action would benefit children that he loved as well. And then I asked him, "Do you think the corn will grow?"
"I don't know," he responded, "but I sure hope so." And then he asked me, "Ma'am, would you like a drink of water?" I nodded eagerly. "Ma'am," said the soldier, "would you please tip your head back." I did so, and he poured water down my throat. Recalling his kind offer to give me water jolts me into awareness about the relationship between the nuclear weapon below us, that day, and massive numbers of people, then and now, who acutely need clean water.
Imagine if his question, "Would you like a drink of water?" were asked, today, to people living in Yemen. Now, as the U.S. insists on having an exceptional right to dominate the planet, insists on being armed with enough explosive fire power to obliterate entire cities, suppose we were to ask people in Yemen, millions of whom now face cholera and starvation, if they would like a drink of clean, pure water?
Or, let's bring the question closer to home and ask people in Flint, MI, whose water is contaminated, "Would you like clean, pure water?"
And as we grope for solutions to the signs of climate change, including severe droughts and the rush to privatize dwindling resources of potable water, imagine asking the children of future generations, "Would you like a drink of water?"
President Eisenhower was right to equate possession of nuclear weapons with commission of crime.
Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed. This world in arms is not spending money alone.
It is spending the sweat of its laborers, the genius of its scientists, the hopes of its children.
It's a big "ask": get rid of nuclear weapons. Along with planning and joining protests, another way to remain awake and focused on preventing nuclear annihilation involves recognizing how interconnected we are with others, so much so that the suffering and death of another person diminishes our own lives.
This wakefulness entails abiding care for others. Jean Gump and Jane Addams practiced such care throughout most of their lives. We, likewise, can work toward justice for those who live in communities like Flint, MI; we can seek sane approaches to the climate crisis; and we can insist that those who are targets of war, like the cholera-ridden, desperately hungry children of Yemen, be spared from aerial terrorism and given full access to clean, life-saving waters.
Kathy Kelly (Kathy@vcnv.org) co-coordinates Voices for Creative Nonviolence (www.vcnv.org)
"The 'apocalyptic' chess game between the superpowers that is, between those that move on the highest plane of our civilization, is being played according to the rule 'if either "wins" it is the end of both'; it is a game that bears no resemblance to whatever war games preceded it. Its 'rational' goal is deterrence, not victory, and the arms race, no longer a preparation for war, can now be justified only on the grounds that more and more deterrence is the best guarantee of peace. To the question how shall we ever be able to extricate ourselves from the obvious insanity of this position, there is no answer. — Hannah Arendt, On Violence
(See ICANW.org and WomenAgainstMilitaryMadness.org for an answer.)
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Tags: Flint MI, Flint toxic water, Hannah Arendt, Jean Gump, Joe Gump, Military Madness, nuclear arms race, nuclear weapons, WILPF, Yemen
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Programas & Servicios
Servicios Para Niños Pequeños
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Juntos Together
PRAB Vista
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PRAB's mission is to equip diverse individuals and families in Central New Jersey to achieve personal, family, and community development.
Our Service Delivery Approach
PRAB is a comprehensive human services organization that offers early childhood, youth, family, and community services to over 30,000 individuals and families annually in New Brunswick, Middlesex County, and Central New Jersey.
We've come a long way from 1971, when a group of Puerto Rican/Latino volunteers provided English classes to recently arrived Latinos, and assisted them with securing a high school equivalency diploma. By 1974, we were running state-funded ESL and GED programs, and were operating New Jersey's first full-time, bilingual/multicultural Daycare Center for children, ages 2 ½ to 5.
Today, we're a "one-stop shop" that helps diverse Central New Jersey residents identify their assets and abilities, and strengthen themselves, their families, and their community. As the Community Action Agency for Middlesex County West (since 2009), we also address issues of poverty to change people's lives, bring hope, and improve our local communities.
PRAB's vision is that Central New Jersey is a healthy, diverse community with productive, self-sufficient and socially-responsible individuals and families.
A healthy Central New Jersey will work to improve the social fabric of the society and its members.
Its diverse communities will be welcoming, respectful, and compassionate, and draw from and share their multicultural and multilingual talents and resources.
Its productive individuals and families will develop personally and professionally, and effectively access and use community services and resources.
Its self-sufficient individuals and families will take care of themselves, do well in school and work, and maintain stable residences.
Its socially-responsible individuals and families will work with others to improve conditions in their communities
PRAB employs a RADIANT approach to service delivery
We are a bona fide community partner and devoted advocate, speaking on behalf of people whose needs may otherwise go unmet due to social, cultural, linguistic, economic, and other factors.
We engage and involve people of all age groups in programs and services that take into account their personal developmental levels.
We help individuals and families develop their assets and abilities through participation in program and community efforts.
We create programs and services that effectively meet the present and future needs of the individuals and families in the community.
ACTION-ORIENTED
We empower individuals and families to be involved in community life and to help others in their individual and family growth.
We strive to understand Central New Jersey's diverse cultures, challenges, and collective desire to succeed, and provide our services in a multicultural, bilingual environment
TRANSFORMATIVE
We maintain learning environments and collaborative spaces to ensure continuous and lasting improvements in the community.
PRAB's 12-member Board of Trustees governs our affairs, and provides oversight and guidance to the CEO. The Board includes elected officials, representatives of low-income individuals & families, and private sector representatives. Our current Trustees are:
Shanel Y. Robinson
Council At-Large
Franklin Township Council
Kenny Obeso
Vice-Chairperson
Private Sector Rep
Joseph Robotin
Bank of Princeton
Zusette Dato
Borough of South Amboy
José Abreu
Low-Income Rep
Senior Staff Attorney
Central Jersey Legal Services
Camilla Comer-Carruthers
RWJ University Hospital
Evelyn Rosa
Middlesex County College
Francis "Mac" Womack III
North Brunswick Township
Shanti Narra
(English) Elected Official
Middlesex County Freeholders
Min. Nicholas Young
Frances Munet-Vilaro
Professor Emerita of Nursing
Luis De La Hoz
VP Business Community Development
BCB Community Bank
PRAB's Executive Team provides leadership, direction, and management of the organization's affairs. It also works closely with the Board of Trustees, and partners with a diverse management staff team. Our current Executive Team members are:
José Carlos Montes, MDiv
Jmontes@prab.org
Maritza Raimundi-Petroski, MPA
Chief Program Officer
Mraimundi@prab.org
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PRAB HEADQUARTERS • 90 JERSEY AVENUE, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08901
© 2019 • PRAB is a 501 (c)(3) Nonprofit Organization
Carreras y prácticas


Modern 3 storey townhouse (2000) in a quiet central location in the charming market town of Romsey, Hampshire, with its many restaurants, pubs and shops a step or two away. Romsey Abbey (c 900AD). The New Forest on the doorstep for walking/cycling. Good public transport links to London (1hr30), Bath (1hr10), Brighton (1hr50) & Southampton international airport (25mins). Salisbury/Stonehenge less than 1hr drive. Portsmouth 40mins by car for ferries to France (day trips possible). Cowes, IoW via Southampton.
There are 3 bedrooms (1 double, ensuite), 1 double and 1 single (used as a study), family bathroom, upstairs sitting room (with double sofabed), large kitchen/dining room, conservatory. Town garden with grass and patio, gas bbq.
We just love our home! A car is not necessary as public transport links are excellent, although some places such as the New Forest and the beach are easier to reach by car. We have 2 bikes that you can use.
We are Alison (49) & Paul (49). We are happy to care for cats & small animals, but are not comfortable looking after dogs.
Romsey is on the River Test famed for its salmon and trout fishing.
The Solent and IoW are famous for sailing.


text:
Shotgun Messiah est un groupe de metal industriel et glam metal suédois. Formé en 1985, le groupe se sépare quelques années plus tard en 1993.

Biographie

Débuts (1985–1991)
Le groupe, formé par Zinny J. Zan, Tim Skold (sous le pseudonyme de Tim Tim), Harry K. Cody et Pekka  Ollinen, se nommait, tant qu'ils étaient en Suède, Kingpin. Ils publient ensemble, en 1988, un album intitulé . Le groupe, qui décide de s'installer à Hollywood, en Californie, afin de gagner en notoriété, se rebaptise Shotgun Messiah. L'album  publié sous le nom de Kingpin est réédité, en 1989 sous le nom de Shotgun Messiah. Le style de cet album est un glam metal se situant dans le veine de groupes comme Mötley Crüe ou Ratt.

(1991–1993)
Peu après, Zinny J. Zan quitte le groupe laissant Tim Skold prendre la place de chanteur du groupe. Shotgun Messiah recrute un bassiste américain, Bobby Lycon, pour prendre la place de Tim Skold laissée vacante.

En 1991, le groupe publie son deuxième album nommé  qui contient leur plus gros tube, . En raison de la manière de chanter de Tim Skold qui est moins conventionnelle, le style de cette période est s'oriente un peu vers un style proche de Guns N'Roses ou Faster Pussycat. Durant cette période, une influence punk rock est notable. Le groupe réalise , un EP de reprise de chansons des Ramones, The Stooges et des New York Dolls. Ils sont aussi connus pour reprendre, en concert, du Sex Pistols.

et séparation (1993)
1993 sera l'année finale du groupe. Harry K. Cody et Tim Skold sont les seuls membres restants et ils réalisent ce qui allait être le dernier album de Shotgun Messiah, , publié le . Cet album est sensiblement différent des précédentes réalisations car principalement axé dans un style metal industriel. Pour la tournée, le groupe est soutenu par les musiciens de concert. Peu après, le groupe se séparera définitivement, citant, comme raison, des divergences artistiques.

Après Shtogun Messiah, Tim Skold sera le musicien qui sera le plus actif dont un rôle de tout premier plan dans le metal industriel avec son projet solo, Skold mais aussi en faisant partie de groupes majeurs comme KMFDM, MDFMK ou encore Marilyn Manson. Zinny J. Zan a réalisé un album solo ainsi que deux albums avec son nouveau groupe nommé Zan Clan. L'album Second Coming est réédité en 2015.

Membres

Membres originaux
 Zinny J. Zan - chant
 Harry K. Cody - guitare électrique, chœurs
 Tim Skold - basse, chœurs
 Pekka  Ollinen - batterie

Second Coming
 Tim Skold - chant
 Harry K. Cody - guitare électrique
 Bobby Lycon - basse
 Pekka "Stixx" Ollinen - batterie

Violent New Breed
 Tim Skold - chant, programmation
 Harry K. Cody - guitare électrique, programmation
 Ulf "Cybersank" Sandquist - programmation
 Bill Bruce - guitare (uniquement en concert)
 Pat Guyton - bass (uniquement en concert)
 B. J. - batterie (uniquement en concert)

Discographie

Albums studio
 1988 : Welcome to Bop City (sous Kingpin)
 1989 : Shotgun Messiah (réédition de l'album Welcome to Bop City)
 1991 : Second Coming
 1993 : Violent New Breed

EP
 1987 : Shout It Out (sous Kingpin)
 1992 : I Want More

Notes et références

Liens externes

Groupe suédois de hard rock
Groupe suédois de glam metal
Groupe suédois de metal industriel
Groupe musical formé en 1985
Groupe musical suédois des années 1980
Groupe musical suédois des années 1990
Groupe musical séparé en 1993
Groupe musical de Los Angeles


text:
Snapshots of the Iranian Diaspora in Malaysia
By Various Authors | Aug 17, 2013
The Iranian diaspora in Malaysia is a diverse and vibrant community of educators, students, artists, and entrepreneurs. The following essays provide snapshots of the historical and cultural connections between Iran and Malaysia, as well as the personal and professional experiences and creative output of some of the members of this community.
The Artistic Activities of Iranian Immigrants in Malaysia
Hanieh Mohammad Bagher, Seyed Mansour Sajed
Popular art produced by immigrant artists reflects their special circumstances, namely the challenges and limitations associated with navigating two cultures. Such is the case for many Iranian artists in Malaysia who have nonetheless overcome these obstacles to create art.
Iranians in Malaysia: Artist Asghar Yaghoubi and His "Journey Within"
Asghar Yaghoubi
Artist Asghar Yaghoubi, who was born in Shiraz, Iran, moved to Malaysia in 2008. An accomplished painter and sculptor, he also teaches art at the Cube Gallery, of which he is the founder and director. The gallery is the first and only art gallery in Southeast Asia owned by an Iranian.
Iranians in Malaysia: Businessman Alireza Salehi Nejad
Alireza Salehi Nejad
Alireza Salehi Nejad, an Iranian citizen who resided in Malaysia from 2007 through 2010 as a student and then a businessman, recently spoke with MEI about his experiences living in Kuala Lumpur. He graduated from Asia Pacific University (APU), a partner of Staffordshire University in Malaysia, with a degree in business information technology and then established a consulting company whose clients are foreigners who wish to invest their capital in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia, and Malaysian residents who wish to invest in other countries, especially in the Middle East and Western Europe. Alireza also founded a mountaineering club, which boasts more than 700 members, the majority being from Malaysia, Iran, Pakistan, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Kazakhstan.
Iranians in Malaysia: Batik Artist Pegah Jahangiri
Pegah Jahangiri
Artist Pegah Jahangiri hails from Tehran, but is currently a doctoral student in visual arts at the University of Malaya, Malaysia. She recently spoke to MEI about her work with batik, strikingly dyed cloth found all over the world, but particularly popular and refined in Southeast Asia.
Historical Dimensions of the Shi`a in Southeast Asia
Christoph Marcinkowski
Shafi`i Sunnis dominate the Malay-Indonesian world, including Singapore, southern Thailand, and the southern Philippines. Shafi`is also constitute the majority of southern India's Muslim population, a fact that is of historical relevance to the Islamization of Southeast Asia. Persia, too, was one of the centers of Shafi`i Sunni scholarship prior to the establishment there of Twelver Shi`ism as the "religion of state" in 1501 under the Safavid dynasty. Yet there is also a Shi`i presence in Southeast Asia, and it is not simply a result of post-1979 events in Iran. It is rooted in a historical trajectory, especially of Islamic mysticism, or Sufism.
The Iranian Shi`i Diaspora in Malaysia
Malaysia―a majority Muslim but multi-religious Southeast Asian country, a leading member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and one of Asia's "tiger economies"―is home to tens of thousands of Iranian citizens and of Malaysian (formerly Sunni) converts to Shi`ism. According to conservative estimates, in Kuala Lumpur alone there reside about 100,000 Iranian nationals, including university teachers, students, and especially businesspeople―among them adherents of various political positions.
The Iranian Diaspora in Malaysia: Emergent Pluralism
Navid Fozi
The Iranian diaspora in Malaysia is incredibly diverse. Supporters of the Green Movement, students, individuals who fast and pray and those who do not know the direction of the qibla, clerics who promote secularism and those who promote the authority of the vilayat-i faqih, Iranian Kurds, Turks, and Arabs, journalists, artists, and environmentalists: all these—and more—constitute the community of Iranians who have fled or quietly moved to Malaysia.
Houthi rebels step up persecution of Baha'i minority in Yemen
Ahmad Majidyar and Lama Al Jarallah
Saudi nuclear program at a crossroads
Chen Kane
Is Iran replicating Lebanon model in southern Syria?
Mona Alami
Jordan's protests: Challenges to long-term stability
Nasser bin Nasser
Europe's Islamophobia and the Refugee Crisis
Turkey Pushing Out Western NGOs
Ross Longton
Refugee Crisis Dominates Sweden's Tempo Film Fest
Joseph Fahim


fc14 - setroubleshoot-server startup script?
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Question about video playback Mplayer/Totem etc.
Fedora 14 and Battery Life?
how to install new window manager?
Any good macro recorder for X windows?
MSN client with fast transfer speed?
why can't I see video on crackle.com?
SELinux not allow mplayer to play flv etc.
[SOLVED] Fedora 14 login problem. Cursor on black screen showing now.
[SOLVED] Can't run certain applications as root.
grub is confused about how many devices I have and where they are.
Can't get my USB pot work in vbox!!
GNUstep - any way to get GWorkspace?
fc13: gconf-tool choked nautilus out, any ideas?
Plymouth or not? That is the question.
Automatic Boot in 10 seconds +10 +10 + 10 ad infinitum!
The terminal don't let me enter password after enter sudo command!
Backup Fedora for possible troubles!
what are the pros and cons of building a custom kernel?
How to create bootable hard drive WITHOUT help of Fedora Live CD?
F14...Document Viewer, PDF Files, broken as of late.
Q: how to compile avahi from src.rpm in F14?
I was I messing with The Gimp today... why is it soo slow?
[SOLVED] Unable to login in on a terminal.
[SOLVED] mdadm RAID10 set up, problems with formatting blank disk, everything ok?
Rythmbox: "This file is invalid and cannot be played"
mount floppy disk image as drive?
Fedora 13 becomes unresponsive when too many applications running.
[SOLVED] oh man! how to install the apps!
i have downloaded fedora14, whats md5?
Consistent reproducible Firefox crash on this website -- anyone else?


Regal Princess heads down under!
Princess Cruises have announced that for the 2020/21 summer season we will be fortunate to have the Regal Princess in our waters. Majestic Princess and Regal Princess (sister ships) will both be deployed to Sydney which makes this the first time two Royal Class ships have had the same port outside of the Caribbean.
I cruised on Regal Princess with my husband in 2014 from Venice to Barcelona and it was fantastic, the ship was stunning, staff were so friendly and we made some amazing friends who we are still in touch with now. I am very excited to see the ship head down our way and can't wait to see what the itineraries will be. Keep watching and we will release more information on the itinearies as they come to hand.
Here are some of my holiday snaps of the Regal Princess.


When it comes to one of the most exciting things people can get into, it would be dating. It's only natural to find this to be exciting since you're basically spending time with someone you like in the first place. Of course, it's a fact that finding someone that you can date is something that can be difficult at times. It's only a natural occurrence since people would want to avoid the trouble of being rejected in their faces by the ones that they want to date.
If you want to avoid such moments, you should know that there are other options for you to use when it comes to finding a date. This is because online dating is now a thing and you won't have to hassle yourself in searching for the perfect date that you want.
Online dating has become quite a thing ever since the internet has been developed further. With online dating, it's now possible for you to be able to find your partner even if they're in a foreign country. Having a good enough internet speed and a computer is all you need when it comes to engaging in online dating. With online dating, it's necessary that you have this gear or you won't have the means to keep in touch with your partner at all. Online dating is such a hit recently that you'll find your friends to be doing the same thing too! Also, if you're into meeting new people online, then online dating is something that you can certainly get into.
Also, it's a fact that online dating is one of the most practical dating methods since you won't really have to worry about spending an extra amount of money. It's also important to keep in mind that respecting your partner is very important when making online dating work for you. Also, it's important to find a valid online dating website if you're trying to find a partner at the moment. Finding a reliable online dating website means that you will only be meeting verified personas.


An Incrementalist View of Proposed Uses of Information Technology in Higher Education Marvin J. Croy A number of national educational organizations and individual authors have called for the use of information technology to radically reform higher education. Several projections of how this reformation will unfold are presented here. Three different approaches to critically assessing these projections are considered in this article, two briefly and one in more detail. Brief consideration is given to an approach based on educational values and to an approach based on cost/benefit analysis. After some discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches, a third approach deriving from a theory of technology control (incrementalism) is elaborated in more detail and is found to offer helpful criticisms of the called for revolution in higher education. Some recommendations for how these new technologies can be developed in responsible ways are also offered.
Authority, Autonomy, Authenticity: An Etiological Understanding Charles W. Harvey This essay attempts to understand the search for authenticity in terms of the breakdown of authority in the modern world. The sense of autonomy, I argue, emerges from the need to choose the authorities one will accept. The ever-increasing difficulty of choosing from among authorities is internalized and is experienced as a difficulty of choosing, or "finding," oneself. The shattered authorities on the outside become a fragmented self on the inside. The search for the authentic self, then, is the search for an authority on the inside that has been broken and lost on the outside. The prospects for achieving such selfhood are critically evaluated.
On Cyberspace and Being: Identity, Self, and Hyperreality Lucas D. Introna Does it make sense to talk about cyberspace as an alternative social reality? Is cyberspace the new frontier for the realization of the postmodern self? For philosophers Taylor and Saarinen, and the psychologist Turkle, cyberspace is the practical manifestation of a postmodern reality, or rather hyperreality (Baudrillard). In hyperreal cyberspace, they argue, identity becomes plastic, "I can change my self as easily as I change my clothes." I will argue using Martin Heidegger that our being is being-in-the-world. To be-in-the-world means to be involved in the world; to have an involvement whole that is the always already present significance of what I do. Furthermore, that the making or choosing of self is only existentially meaningful in a horizon of significance, and involvement whole. I will argue that identity is tied to community, and community involves accepting some level of already there thrownness. Every cyber-traveler will eventually have to deal with the fact of being, always already, in-the-world.
Matters of Meaning: Authenticity, Autonomy, and Authority in Kierkegaard Peter J. Mehl I argue that at least some of Kierkegaard's authorship is designed to make a rational case for a religious and specifically Christian existence; he is not a total fideist. He argues that anything short of the existential stance of the "strong spiritual/moral evaluator" is despair. To overcome this we are compelled to reach for religious or transcendent sources of meaning; the authentic life is the life of constant ethical and spiritual evaluation grounded in the authority of God. But I ask how does Kierkegaard justify the stance of the strong evaluator in the first place? I argue that he crafts an existential and pragmatic case for it, but that this approach does not have the strength he suggests. Indeed, I argue that because this defense reflects his own Protestant Christian context, his case for Christian existence (as an existence of strong spiritual/moral evaluation) is seriously weakened.
Consumerism, the Procedural Republic, and the Unencumbered Self Roger Paden Communitarians have offered a number of arguments against liberalism that connect liberalism to consumerism. In this paper, I examine an argument to this effect developed by Michael Sandel. I argue that Sandel's argument fails to undermine liberalism, but that it does demonstrate that many contemporary liberals have placed too great an emphasis on the principle of political neutrality. I argue that liberalism, properly understood, requires both limited neutrality and an emphasis on democratic deliberation. If this is the case, than Sandel's argument misses its target. However, it does point out how contemporary liberalism needs to be reformed. By emphasizing more local democratic control over the economy, liberalism would not only become more theoretically consistent, but it would distance itself from consumerism.
One Oppression Or Many? Lani Roberts Enquiry into the relationship between kinds of oppression raises several possibilities. Perhaps there are multiple yet distinct oppressions. If this is so, are there philosophical relationships among them? What are the theoretical distinctions between racism and sexism, for example. The question raised here has to do with the philosophical structure of social dominance, rather than the discrete manifestations usually based on distinct target groups. Although the characteristics of peoples who are targets of each of the individual kinds of oppression are different, and even though many people are multiply oppressed, there is good reason to question the underlying assumption that each form of oppression is fundamentally separate and distinct from the others. There are many deep correspondences shared by specifically focused theories of oppression. It is plausible to suggest there is a single phenomenon called oppression. Perhaps there is only one monster with several heads, rather than many monsters hiding in our communal closet.
Language, Meaning, and Ethics: A Phenomenological Correlation of Morality and Self-Conscious Signification James B. Sauer This paper takes up an underdeveloped argument of Charles Taylor that linguisticality is constitutive of moral agency. Taylor's position is part of a set of contemporary arguments that language, especially as dialogue or discourse, is the normative framework which grounds or validates fundamental norms or values. Taylor's contribution to this "dialogical turn" is substantial and innovative, but it is not without weakness. Rather than deal with all the issues involved in this dialogical turn, I argue just that language does ground morality as a distinctively human way of creating meaning, that is, as Taylor argues, constitutive of the self and self-understanding. Self-understanding, or the appropriation of moral self-consciousness, is what is meant by the authenticity and autonomy which constitute moral authority. I argue in essence that language provides a necessary and constitutive link between private and public spheres of meaning in a way that renders moral discourse meaningful and constitutively human.
Against Cartmill on Hunting: Kinship with Animals and the Midcentric Fallacy Forrest Wood, Jr. Three recent books offer alternative views of hunting: Matt Cartmill's A View to A Death in the Morning (Cartmill, 1993), James Swan's In Defense of Hunting (Swan 1995), and Forrest Wood's The Delights and Dilemmas of Hunting (Wood,1997). First, I argue that Cartmill's claim of continuity of kind between animals and persons is both overstated and logically disconnected from the hunting/anti-hunting debate. Second, I argue that Cartmill's claim that the suffering of sentient animals is somehow intrinsically undesirable exhibits an unjustified prejudice toward middle-sized organisms.
Wallace Stevens: A Portrait of the Artist as a Phenomenologist James A. Clark Confusing modern poetry with philosophy is a common fault of literary criticism. Yet, the work of some poets can benefit critically from philosophical interpretations. Wallace Stevens is a poet who manifested an abiding interest in philosophy. His poems consistently display, in both their syntax and modulation of thought, philosophical parallels. Stevens' dominant mode of thought is phenomenological. This can be shown by analyzing parallels between phenomenological methodology and Stevens' poetry. Particularly three poems--"Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird" (1917), "The Snow Man" (1921), and "The Latest Freed Man" (1938)--embody, respectively, the poem as doing phenomenology, the poem as a description of the phenomenological mind, and the poem as a portrait of the phenomenologist.
Impartialism, Care, and the Self Carmela Epright In this paper, I discuss the ethics of care as a response to impartialist ethical theories. In section 1, I contrast Gilligan's critique of impartial ethical theories with other objections to impartialism. In section 2, I analyze some of the ways in which impartialists have attempted to understand the ethics of care since the publication of Gilligan's text. In section 3, I argue against proponents of impartialism and show that care constitutes an ethical theory in its own right, not one which is dependent or parasitic upon impartialism. In section 4, I contrast care ethic's conception of the self with that offered by traditional ethical theories, and argue that the most important distinction between the care and impartialist accounts of morality lies in the conception of the moral self which informs each of these approaches.
Ontological Assumptions: Descartes, Searle, and Edelman Gregg E. Franzwa The proposition that there is a purely causal explanation of subjective states of human consciousness is a philosophical one. The affirmation of such a proposition must be a premise to research. And the justification for such a premise will be found in part in the fundamental ontological assumptions of the researcher. By examining the assumptions of Rene Descartes, at the beginning of the scientific age, I hope to show a similar set of assumptions behind the thought of two recent contributors to the debate, John Searle and Gerald Edelman. I will conclude that a crucial question begged by all three.
The View From Nowhere and the Meaning of Life in Thomas Nagel Larry D. Harwood Thomas Nagel contends that the actual philosophical problem in the meaning of life is the independent world we live in, and only requires a self-transcendent being who glimpses and independent world. I argue that Nagel is mistaken to think that self-transcendence evokes the same anxiety for humans living in the world of Dante as Darwin. Nagel's view from nowhere is rather a modern version of the world. Secondly, while I concede that there is a common anxiety felt by self-transcendence in glimpsing an independent objective world, we also view that world through a set of beliefs that conditions how we see that world.
The Duty of Solidarity: Feminism and Catholic Social Teaching Sally J. Scholz Catholic Social Teaching of late has a lot more in common with feminist moral theory than might be evident at first glance, After a brief explanation of Catholic Social Teaching's duty of solidarity, and a look at some of the feminist critiques of this solidarity, I point out some of the significant similarities between feminist ethics and the duty of solidarity. The last section focuses on community and care, the epistemological role of experience and the world view of the other, the centrality of self-determination, and the final goal of both the duty of solidarity and feminist ethics: liberation from oppression.
Community of Choice and Community of Origin: Insights into Dewey's Theory of Communication Roger Ward This essay unearths the meaning of community in John Dewey's Experience andNature, using Marilyn Friedman's terms "community of choice" and "community of origin." The authority of communication as determinative of Dewey's community comes out. In fact, communication seems to be the philosophical point of Dewey's descriptions in that book, which reveals his anticipation of a community wherever communication obtains. Dewey is shown, in conclusion. to call us beyond communities of choice or origin to a community of authority which holds both peculiar promise for, and demands of, individuals.
Community and Alterity: A Gadamerian Approach Donald M. Maier In this paper, I ask how we, as linguistically constituted subjects, form communities that respect difference. Whatever "commonality" we find in our multicultural society cannot be grounded in a narrow concept of reason, a singular method of inquiry, or an a priori logic, but in language. By examining Hans-Georg Gadamer's concept of linguisticality, we see that there can be a universal ground of meaning that will foster the formation of communities without recourse to the traditional foundations of thinking. Gadamer contends that language presents philosophy an infinite task that urges us to consider our fundamental linguisticality, the linguistic experience from which languages develop. By examining Augustine's notion of the "innerword", Gadamer explains our capacity to understand others, even when understanding seems least likely. Gadamer's hermeneutics encourages us to understand the Other's language. I conclude that a Gadamerian community allows us to understand each other without requiring that the Other become like us.
Multinational Ethics At Work in Nigeria Eddy Souffrant Cases of intervention in international affairs are often thought justifiable if the intervention is exercised against rogue political leaders and delinquent nation-states. The author offers an argument for the inclusion of an increasingly ubiquitous international agent, the profit generating corporation. This done, the paper argues that a cosmopolitan ethics of responsibility is an attractive mode of evaluation that renders corporations accountable in the international environment. This ethics of responsibility is applied to the particular case of British/Dutch Shell, Inc., in Nigeria to argue the merits of international intervention.
Reclaiming Hermes: Guardian of the Public Sphere Patricia J. Thompson In an earlier paper, Hestia (R. Vesta)--guardian of the family hearthfire and center of household/family ritual activities in the ancient Greek oikos--was re-claimed as a metaphor for philosophical analysis of the private sphere in everyday life (SPCW, 1996). This paper undertakes a comparable project of reclamation for Hermes (R. Mercury), guardian of the public sphere of the ancient Greek polis and its later manifestations. The goal of this project of reclamation is not to introduce unnecessary neologisms or to support "New Age" spirituality. It is, rather, to help philosophers and social theorist to hold in mind two distinctive systems of human action within a single explanatory paradigm. Doing so allows us to compare and contrast in a consistent and coherent manner events, institutions, and actions in each of two systems operating in everyday life without privileging one (usually the polis and the political ) over the other (the oikos and the familial). It is hoped that doing so may promote a dual standpoint theory that can take contemporary feminist theory (which seems to have painted itself into a corner) beyond gender.