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Tag: blood groove
A Fuller Understanding
"Ere, Fred, pass me the fuller; I think this 'un needs a fuller fuller!"
A few weeks ago I received this interesting comment on my article about the so-called 'blood groove' on blades. Thank you to Charles for this, and for pointing out that the term derived from the tool used to create it, something that I was aware of but did not comment upon as the thrust (ha) of my article was more the concept of the blood groove than the term itself. However, I want to react by explaining why that fact in itself does not by any means make 'fuller' incorrect. It's an odd quirk of language that the word now refers to both tool and its product, but that's just the way things have worked out. In fact, it is the dictionary definition of a groove made by the tool of the same name. Standard dictionary definitions aren't enough, however, as technical language is distinct from colloquial speech. 'Blood groove' does appear in dictionaries, but it's not technically correct. However, technical dictionary entries from 1848, 1855 and 1868 show that 'fuller' was in use at least that far back. Importantly, it is also the preferred term used within the relevant field of study; that of arms and armour. Non-academic specialists also favour the term. It's worth noting also that even the word 'fuller' to describe the tool is only attested from 1864. So whilst it must assuredly have come first as Charles suggests, we don't actually know that 'fuller' was a pre-modern term for the type of hammer used to create the groove. Even if it was, it may not have been long before people were describing a fullered blade as possessing a 'fuller'.
Ideally speaking, technical words would remain fixed in their meaning, but this ignores the reality of language, in which even technical meanings drift. Charles uses the term 'flat iron' as an example to show that the tool is not its product, but just because this as a phrase did not lend itself to that adaptation does not mean that other words didn't drift like 'fuller'. The very obvious rebuttal is the jigsaw, originally the type of saw used to create it. Yes, its fuller (ha) name is 'jigsaw puzzle', but just plain 'jigsaw' has been in currency for over a century and makes no more logical sense than 'fuller'. This example might suggest that we are missing an intermediate stage for 'fuller' too, something like 'fuller groove', contracted to simply 'fuller' just as 'jigsaw puzzle' has become simple 'jigsaw'. Another example is 'brand' to refer to both the hot iron tool used to mark cattle, and the distinctive mark that it creates on the animal. There's also 'bulino', a form of Italian punched decoration named directly after the tool used to create it. Similarly, 'scrimshaw' was originally the act of carving bone or tooth, but for a long time now has also described the carved object itself. There's even an equivalent from the arms & armour world, in the the word 'rifle', which was originally the act of cutting grooves into the bore of a gun, resulting weapon being termed a 'rifle gun'. By at least 1700 however, people were referring to simply 'rifle', for short, before the more specific term 'rifle/rifled musket' was even in use.
All of this shows that language adapts where there is a gap; a recent example being the adaptation of 'text/texting/texted' to describe the act of sending an SMS text message. In Charles' example, the flat iron flattens the hair, yes, but it does not create a discrete new feature upon it that demands description. It's enough to say that the hair is 'flat ironed'. In the case of blades, the fuller fulls the blade, but also creates a distinct groove, a new feature that then begs to be named. 'Fuller' has most likely been adapted to fill this gap because it allows precise and efficient description. 'Blood groove' serves the same function, with added implication of gory intent. What else would we use? 'Blade groove' doesn't really do it, because there are other grooves that might appear on a blade that are not a fuller (e.g. a decorated blade). 'Fuller' also has the advantage of being only one word long. 'Groove' is perfectly fine, in fact C19th military textbooks use 'groove' for sword and bayonet. It just isn't very precise unless you qualify it.
Did those who made blades historically use 'groove', 'fuller', or something else entirely? I have no idea. It would be interesting, though difficult given the limitations of written history, to properly research period usage. Given the rate of change in language (witness arquebus, harquebus, hackbutt etc), correct usage in one period is likely to be out of use in another. Charles doesn't directly offer an alternative term that he feels is more correct than 'fuller', but based on his comments it looks like he favours 'gutter'. Perhaps 'old timer' knifemakers and other blade-smiths did use it, but we've no evidence of this. You won't find it in a dictionary or an arms & armour publication. I've no problem with it as a descriptive word, but I feel it's misleading to the layman. Like 'blood groove' or 'blood gutter', it clearly implies a function that does not exist; the collection and direction of fluids.
To address the suggestion that 'fuller' is wrong because other languages don't have an analogue, that's just irrelevant, I'm afraid. Yes, my link above shows that terms like 'goutierre' (gutter) and 'cannelure' (channel) were preferred European terms. That has no bearing on either correct contemporary, or even period English usage. Some words are shared between languages either intact as loan-words, or adapted as variants, but by no means all. 'Fuller' is one of many unique English words.
None of which changes the fact that 'blood groove' is (technically) incorrect and 'fuller' correct, both in terms of the purpose served by the groove (which was the point of my article) and its lack of favour in academic and specialist circles. But again, there's colloquial language and technical language, and 'blood groove' is both in popular usage and in the bloody dictionary, so I can only get so precious about it!
bshistorian	Archaeology, Art, Etymology, Literature, Medieval History, Military History, Modern History, Myths, Post-Medieval History	1 Comment December 21, 2013 4 Minutes
The Blood Groove
Update – 9 June 2020 – a commenter has pointed out that the 'Marine Corps Dictionary' that I originally referenced may not have been a 'thing' and that the USMC has never taught this. I have found references to individual U.S. Marines who have espoused this, but I have edited the below with a more definitive military claim from the British Army… Edited post follows;
A straightforward piece of mythology this time. If you've ever looked at commercially available swords or knives on the internet (and who wouldn't) you'll see such marketing buzzwords as "battle ready" and "blood groove". Sometimes they are recent inventions designed from the ground up to make the product seem more attractive – in this case, more warlike and gruesome. But "blood groove", though totally bogus, has a much older usage within, and with relation to, Western armies.
The misconception is widespread all over the web and in real life, as applied to any edged weapon with an obvious channel or gutter running the length of the blade. Or part of it. Even the British Army training pamphlet for the SA80 rifle (quoted here), and the Ministry of Defence website at one time, makes this claim;
"These recesses along the blade reduce any suction effect and enable a clean withdrawal from the body."
Other versions state that it's to allow the blood to flow out, which I suppose is the same argument. You might even hear that the idea is to reduce the noise of the blade as it's withdrawn! As sites like Sword Forum International have pointed out over the years, the argument is not only inaccurate in technical and historical terms (see below) but also with respect to physics and biology. The surface area of the blade is too little, and the friction between blood-slick wound and smooth blade too low for any real sticking to occur. When a blade does resist a simple withdrawal movement, a fuller, as the "blood groove" ought to be known, will do precious little to help. A smart twist of the rifle accomplishes far more, and has been taught for as long as armies have used sword or knife bayonets rather than the older thin socket type (which often also bore narrow fullers along two of their sides), or the spike bayonet of some more modern weapons (which have their own fluting in place of grooves).
In reality, the blood groove is nothing of the sort, and the correct answer has been out there online for at least ten years now. Given that the famous Roman gladius (primarily used for thrusting) never featured such a channel, and the early medieval sword (designed for slashing) always did, it's clear that it served a different function. The answer involves straightforward physics – by removing metal from the middle of a blade you reduce its weight without compromising its strength too greatly. The same approach is used in engineering in the shape of the I-beam. With the later bayonets, there is a secondary function in that the square-cut groove also makes for a very secure fit in the sheath so that the weapon can't be lost or rattle around, and moisture has a harder time penetrating.
A range of (sword) blade cross-sections, some with fullers.
Public Domain image from wikipedia – see myarmoury.com for more information
Whilst it's easy to understand civilians getting the wrong end of the stick – they don't tend to have to stab living things with edged weapons – surely the armed forces must know what they're talking about? Well, not always. The use of swords in war was last seen amongst the first cavalry units to arrive at the Western Front in the First World War, before it was realised just how anachronistic cavalry had become. They typically would use long thrusting swords + the momentum of their mounts to kill enemy soldiers – any suction on the withdrawal wouldn't even have been a factor due to this assistance in momentum. In fact any trooper studying the design of his weapon might well realise that the "blood groove" was actually helping to allow a stiff light blade that wouldn't flex on impact.
Recruit. "EXCUSE ME, SIR, BUT HAVE THE GERMANS THE
SAME METHODS IN BAYONET-FIGHTING AS WE HAVE?"
Instructor. "LET'S HOPE SO. IT'S YOUR ONLY CHANCE."
Punch, Vol 153, 1917
The origin of this myth lies instead with the infantry – specifically in bayonet fighting, or since this rarely occurred even in the 19th century, bayonet drill. By the end of the 19th century (arguably earlier), this savage piece of training was primarily intended to instil a warrior spirit, and to override the natural hesitation of a volunteer soldier to kill face-to-face. Its main practical purpose was the execution of wounded enemy soldiers following a battle. It remains a piece of military tradition that helps to maintain continuity and a sense of tradition. It's a source of pride for many armies today, whether in rare instances of actual combat, or on the parade ground. The order to fix bayonets alone is a way to focus the mind and prepare for conventional engagement, close quarter battle with automatic weapons and grenades, or maybe even showing the enemy a bit of cold steel. Soldiers – army or marine – are closer to the enemy than any member of the armed forces, but even they have become somewhat removed from the act of killing by the range, accuracy, and sheer suppressive weight of fire that modern small-arms can achieve. Fixing bayonets makes it personal again, even if it never comes down to true hand-to-hand fighting.
From many anecdotal accounts in print, oral history and online, it's clear that drill sergeants throughout the 20th century made reference to the "blood groove" as a graphic way of interpreting the violence of combat and the need for well-learned drills to survive such an encounter and do brutal harm to the enemy. There would be no notion of stabbing one's enemy and leaving it at that – you had to thrust, twist, and withdraw. The twist, explained as being another way to overcome the mythical suction, would be of real use, dislodging a bayonet stuck on or in bone or other tough bodily substances. It also makes more sense as a sequence of movements if there is a bridge between thrust and withdraw – like a combination of punches in boxing or a forehand/backhand in tennis. Talking about the blood groove fixes that step, and indeed the whole drill, in the mind – the perfect Derren Brown-style memory aid to assist muscle memory. It also psychs up a recruit in the absence of a real enemy or fellow soldier (sandbags being the preferred practice target for actual contact practice).
This meme was probably reinforced by real life experience (read Confirmation Bias) when a blade happened to stick briefly in bone, cartilege, or even the ground below the body. I suspect that it then passed from the military sphere to the civilian one during and after major conflicts – certainly the Second World War, probably the First, and quite possibly earlier than that, being reinforced each time soldiers came home on leave or at the end of a campaign. It's happening again; I've heard it from serving and retired soldiers first-hand, and the exposure they're getting in the media is another factor – a sergeant with the Royal Anglians in Ross Kemp's recent fly-on-the-sangar-wall documentary trotted out the myth to Kemp, and presumably, to his recruits. In online discussion after the programme, some refused to believe that it wasn't true, showing how well entrenched the idea is.
I think this is the origin of this myth – a tool to convey the visceral and aggressive nature of hand-to-hand combat to two main audiences. Firstly, to recruits already familiar with the concept of killing another man for a just cause: the idea further steels him for battle and instils a measure of blood-lust. Arguably its about conditioning a man to kill another – paper rifle targets don't have the same effect. To civilians, it's maintained so that we can explore this same dark side of human experience – one we'll never know. Like watching a horror film – to be both excited and repulsed. I think both are valid things to do, but as with all myths, I'd rather people were told the legend, closely followed by the truth of the matter.
One caveat to finish with – it's possible given the long history of the myth that at some stage, weapon designers or procurement officers really did belief that was the purpose of the groove, and continued to incorporate it for this reason. I'd like to see some evidence of this however. Regardless, the actual function served by the feature remained that outlined here.
bshistorian	Military History, Myths	34 Comments June 5, 2008 June 9, 2020 6 Minutes


Add a handmade touch to your home with these crochet buntings! Perfect for a birthday party, dinner party, bridal or baby shower. Please message me your color choice (up to 2) at time of checkout. If no color choice is chosen, you will be sent colors at random. For additional panels (for example, to spell a name), please message me your request and I will provide an estimate. . Acrylic yarn . Handmade in a smoke/pet free environment in Brooklyn, NY. . Handwash in lukewarm water with mild detergent. Lay flat to dry. Do not dry clean, bleach or iron. ---- FAQ Do you offer gift certificates? -Sure do! A variety of options exist here: https://www.verlocal.com/purchase_certificate?host_id=134224 What is your return policy? -I accept returns, exchanges, and cancellations. For returns, contact me within 5 days of delivery and ship items back to me within 14 days of delivery. You may request a cancellation within 24 hours of purchase. Custom orders are not eligible for returns, and buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value. Do you include insurance and tracking? -Tracking and insurance are included on all items. I ship only to the address on your receipt. To avoid delays, please make sure your name and address are correct before purchase. If you would like your item shipped to someone else, please make sure to reflect that on your order or contact me immediately after purchase.


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BMW enjoys record sales in October 2019
BMW Group's October 2019 Sales Best in its History
BMW plans to grow its range of electric vehicles to 25 models by 2023.
BMW group had its best ever October in 2019. Group sales grew 1.7% compared to October 2018, reaching 204,295 vehicle units. Sales during the first 10 months of 2019 (ytd sales) also grew 1.7% compared to the same period last year. From January to October 2019, the group sold total 2,070,496 vehicles. Sales of BMW group's electrified vehicles grew by 8.6% in October compared to last year. The group sold 14,182 units in this segment including fully electric and plugin hybrid BMW and MINI vehicles.
BMW brand vehicle sales grew by 3% in October compared to last year, reaching 176,291 vehicles. During the first ten months of 2019 sales of BMW brand vehicles grew by 2.3% compared to last year, reaching 1,777,691 vehicles. Sales in the luxury segment during the first ten months of the year also took a huge jump, rising by almost 60% driven mainly by the new BMW 7 and 8 series as well as the all new BMW X7 model. BMW brand plans to double its sales of luxury models between 2018 and 2020. BMW X models also contributed to the growth of the luxury segment in 2019. BMW X5 model sold 132,162 units in October which was 67.5% higher compared to the previous year. BMW X3 model sold 256,148 vehicles from January to October 2019 (67.4% higher compared to the previous year).
In 2019, the new BMW 330e and the BMW X5 xDrive45e drove the sales of BMW electrified vehicles higher. The BMW i brand (with i3 and i8) in the electric segment continued experiencing positive sales growth with an increase of 19.3% during the year, selling 34,479 units. BMW i3 experienced 19.9% growth during the first 10 months of 2019.
MINI Cooper S E Countryman ALL4 Plug-in Hybrid sold 13,274 units during the first ten months of 2019; yoy increase of 30.1%. By the end of 2019, BMW group will have extended its range of electrified vehicles to 12 models with the launch of the BMW X3 plug-in hybrid and fully electric MINI Electric. The group intends to have one million electric vehicles ( fully-electric and plug-in hybrid BMW and MINI vehicles) on the road by the end of 2021 and expects to achieve half of the target by the end of 2019. By 2023, the group intends to extend its range of electrified vehicles to include 25 models, more than half of which will be fully electric models.
Sales of MINI brand vehicles in the first ten months of 2019 were down 2.3% compared to last year. MINI sold total 288,613 units from january to October end. Sales of MINI vehicles during October were down 6.1% compared to the previous year at 27,589 units. MINI experienced strong demand for its John Cooper variants apart from its core models during October.
BMW Motorrad sales declined during October but overall demand remained high for the first ten months of 2019. Total deliveries of BMW motorcycles and maxi scooters globally reached 149,577 units for the first ten months; yoy growth of 7%. October sales equalled 12,645 units or 3.1% lower than the previous year.
Despite the automotive industry being affected by various headwinds globally in 2019, the group was able to grow its sales in the largest markets including the Americas and China. October sales of the group in the Americas grew by 6% and in China by 8.8% compared to the previous year. In the US, sales of the BMW brand during October grew by 9.4% compared to the same period last year.
BMW group also enjoyed impressive growth in sales in Germany. October sales of BMW and MINI vehicles grew 2.5% compared to last year, reaching 29,041 units. Total deliveries to customers in Germany for the first ten months of 2019 reached 269,389 vehicles, 3.6% higher than last year. BMW i3 sold 8,207 units in Germany during the first ten months of 2019 (double that of last year). BMW group expects modest growth in sales for the entire year due to volatility and high level of competition.
Compared with previous year %
Year To Date 10/2019
- Germany**
- Latin America
**Provisional registration figures
BMW Group sales in/YTD October 2019 at a glance
YTD 10/2019
BMW Group Automotive
BMW Group electrified***
***fully-electric and plug-in hybrid BMW and MINI vehicles
Source: press.bmwgroup.com
Renault Group Vehicle Sales
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Anyway - today I decided that we (as in my vehicle) would stick stringently to the itinerary I'd written up prior to the commencement of the tour. Thankfully the Johnson luck of finding trains kicked in and I filmed 10 trains in total - all before 2 pm. Within 10 minutes of turning up to the new location, something would turn up.
We departed Williams and headed back east to check out a few spots I'd identified on Google Maps and they turned out to be really good. We then returned to Williams to witness the departure of the Grand Canyon Railway train, led by a couple of F40 locos - ex Via I think.
We then headed to Seligman, but this time I stuck to the itinerary and got onto Route 66 on Crookton Road to check out the overpass. Excellent. Further along the road the trains just kept coming and coming. At Seligman I took a break from driving and Greg got us to Crozier Canyon where things seemed to slow down a bit, but we still got a couple.
We then continued onto Kingman where we then swung north and headed towards Las Vegas, stopping off at the Hoover Dam. This place isn't on my bucket list as it's man made, but it's still pretty darned impressive. The heat was pretty intense but we all managed to make the long walk up a gazillion steps to view the dam from the new road bridge.
A quick stop at the Lake Mead info centre for some scenicky photos and it was off to Las Vegas. Sally (we call her that) the GPS Hertz Neverlost told me one thing, and I saw another - and I missed the off ramp to our Motel so had to double back via - oh gawd - Las Vegas Boulevard. That was a driving experience and a half.
Despite my best efforts, Sally got us to the Motel unscathed - just in time to see a guy being arrested and carted off - right on the doorsteps of the main foyer. Great !
Dinner at Hooters, bought some stuff from their store, and I'm back in the Hotel. Personally, I dislike Las Vegas. I get the impression that the general attitude is "what happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas" and being there is an open cheque book for personal behaviour that would not be normally carried out at home. Maybe I just need to spend more time here and take in more of the good side of Vegas.
Other than that, bright lights, big city, lots of people - including a raft of young adults from California on a weekend holiday. I'll be glad to get to the peace and quiet of the Mojave desert again - Ludlow tomorrow and we're there for three days - they're so remote I don't think they have internet - we'll see.
Lots of these little fellas hanging around - he sat still just long enough for me to shoot off this shot. It's a railroad milepost marker.
Some of you will realize the significance of this sign, and how old it is.
Mr Hoover's little concreting project. The difference in colour above the waterline shows where the waterline should be - it's 128 feet low.


This is a 3 bedroom terrace with an attached maid's room located within a gated estate "Lekki County" just after Chevron in Lekki.
This 3 bedroom terrace property is neat, well finished and is within a close walking distance from the estate gate with a well paved road.
The compound gated with 4 units of this terrace, which makes it even more secured.
Ground Floor: a large well finished sitting room, kitchen with cabinet, maid's room and a backyard.
Family lounge, 2 cosy rooms and a large master bedroom. Please note, 2 rooms upstairs share 1 toilet for the middle unit while all the rooms come ensuit for the end unit of the terrace.
Please note: only 1 end unit is currently available.


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Zavvi's A To Z Of Directors | Jean Renoir
Nicole Peeters
Community User / Posted on
Fewer film directors have single-handedly changed the perspective of realism as much as Jean Renoir, unafraid to tackle current and controversial subjects such as World Wars, French society and class systems, his films kick-started social commentary and cinematic realism on an international scale. Sitting somewhere between the birth of cinema and the French New Wave , Renoir's style was vital in the establishment of film in France, with his early films part of the silent era, and his later work developing into modern realism.
Beginnings and establishment
Jean Renoir started life in the Montmartre district of Paris, fathered by the Impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and his wife, Aline. Renoir comes from a family rich of artists and creatives: besides his painter father, his brother, Pierre, was an actor of film and stage, and his nephew, Pierre's son Claude, was a cinematographer who would eventually work with Jean on many of his films.
Raised by family friend and live-in nanny, Gabrielle Renard, Renoir's youth was seasoned with cinema trips and artistic endeavours, with Renard introducing the young boy to the 'motion picture craze' and other lessons in art and life.
After fighting in the First World War and becoming injured due to a shot wound in his leg, Renoir was now on the hunt for a career-path, and after his father's suggestion of taking up ceramics was quickly tried, tested and abandoned, he found film.
A slew of early silent-era films kick-started Renoir's career, although not much profit was made from them, so Jean resorted to selling his father's paintings to fund these first few productions.
Height of Fame in the 30's: Le Grande Illusion & La Règle du Jeu
Many features later, and with the introduction of recorded sound in film, Renoir began to develop his own style and subsequently some of his strongest films.
La Grande Illusion was a controversial World War One film produced in 1937, and it was controversial in that it tackled class issues in wartime. The film's protagnists are two aviators: upper-class aristocratCaptain de Boeldieu and working class Lieutenant Maréchal, who find themselves shot down over Germany. Two different stories unfold, one of imprisonment and conflict, and one of privilege and international relationships. Aristocratic de Boeldieu finds that both him and his upper-class German capturer share relatives, surely influencing the way he is treated. When the pair meet another couple of prisoners, they all work together to plan an escape, learning more and more about how class can affect the outcome of certain situations.
Next came La Règle du jeu, a satirical masterpiece that encompasses the social system of the late 1930's in France. Set in a grand house, La Règle du jeu (The Rules of The Game), was a comment on the upper class and their servants right before the outbreak of the Second World War.
La Règle du jeu was innovative for it's use of deep focus cinematography, which ensures that both the foreground and the background are in focus simultaneously. Deep focus filming made it possible to utilise shots of vast, open interiors containing lots of cast members. The effect of these shots is still to this day aesthetically pleasing, and they were particularly functional for showing the hectic and chaotic scenes rich with action.
Despite initial controversy, Jean Renoir's films have been critically acclaimed, and his work from this period is said to be amongst the best films ever made by reputable critics and reviewers.
The 40's: The war, Hollywood and beyond
After the release of La Règle du jeu, Renoir was flung into a military position as a result of the Second World War as a film teacher in Italy, which was an attempt to maintain good relations. Soon after however, Renoir was positioned back in France, and so fled to the United States when Germany invaded.
Renoir enjoyed a stint in Hollywood and India before returning to Europe, finding success in stage plays, films and writing.
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Roze Hentschell
Home » Faculty and Staff » Roze Hentschell
Professor, Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies
Clark C-138
roze.hentschell@colostate.edu
Early Modern English Literature and Culture
CLA Dean's Office and English
Ph.D. in English, University of California, Santa Barbara
Professor. B.A., English, Vassar College; M.A., English, Ph.D., English, University of California, Santa Barbara.
Dr. Hentschell has been at CSU since August 2002. Currently, she serves as the Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies in the College of Liberal Arts. In that role, she oversees all undergraduate programs, curriculum, and student success initiatives. She works with faculty and staff to promote and foster undergraduate student success and has been committed to enhancing access and success for underrepresented students. She serves on several university-level committees, including the Advisory Committee for Undergraduate Affairs, Admissions Advisory Council, Faculty Honors Council, University Committee for Academic Advising, the Operations Committee for Internationalization, and the First Generation University Initiative.
She is Professor of English with a specialization in early modern studies. Her book, The Culture of Cloth in Early Modern England: Textual Constructions of a National Identity, a study of the English wool industry and trade from 1580-1615, was published by Ashgate Press. She is also the co-editor of Masculinity and the Metropolis of Vice, 1550-1650, with Amanda Bailey (Palgrave) and Essays in Memory of Richard Helgerson: Laureations, with Kathy Lavezzo (U of Delaware Press ). She has recently completed a monograph, "St Paul's Cathedral Precinct in Early Modern Literature and Culture: Spatial Practices," which is under contract with Oxford University Press.
Roze Hentschell, The Culture of Cloth in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2008)
http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9780754663010
Roze Hentschell, co-editor, Essays in Memory of Richard Helgerson: Laureations (Delaware, 2012)
http://www2.lib.udel.edu/udpress/essays.htm
Roze Hentschell, co-editor, Masculinity and the Metropolis of Vice (Palgrave, 2008)
http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/masculinity-and-the-metropolis-of-vice-15501650-amanda-bailey/?K=9780230623668


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Home > Featured Homepage Posts > Super funds expand responsible investment
Super funds expand responsible investment
Jean-Paul PelosiJune 5, 2018 - 5.00am
Australia's largest super funds have increased their financial interest in responsible and ethical investing by providing a greater number of investment options in these areas.
A new report from the Responsible Investment Association Australasia (RIAA) shows that nearly half of super funds offer a total of 75 responsible investment options, compared with 24 funds offering just 54 options in 2016.
The RIAA says responsible investors consider investment risks such as pollution or climate change, the health and safety of local communities, corporate governance and ethical issues.
The study, known as the Super Fund Responsible Investment Benchmark Australia, is in its second year. It aims to get a better view of how funds are embedding responsible investment strategies within their businesses.
RIAA chief executive Simon O'Connor says a number of recent case studies on corporate ethical behaviour have helped bring ESG issues to the fore. Several academic reports have shown how ESG investing helps improve risk-adjusted returns and, as such, more companies are realising the investment risks associated with making unethical investment choices, he adds.
"This [academic reports] have been really helpful in making the case for responsible investment at the committee level and getting trustee directors onboard with making a clear linkage to core investment risks," O'Connor says.
He says most of the leading super funds in Australia have also been hearing regularly from their members on issues of ethics, values and sustainability.
"Many super funds we talk to will say that one of the most common enquiries they get from members now is around these ESG issues, second only to members losing their online logins," O'Connor says. "The number of issues has stepped up, to include tobacco, fossil fuels, climate change and human rights, and the list goes on. All of the funds have had this put on their radar by their members and so that's strengthened responsible investment practices within funds as well."
The RIAA has further research to support the idea that Australians generally want to know that their investments are not causing harm to the world. For example, a 2017 association study showed that 9 in 10 Australians expect their super or other investments to be invested responsibly and ethically.
O'Connor says outcomes from the Royal Commission into Misconduct in the Banking, Superannuation and Financial Services Industry are also contributing to a greater focus on ethical business practices and investment.
"The royal commission's focus is only going to continue to push consumer interest in where their money is banked and invested, and where their retirement savings are invested," O'Connor argues. "We see that a responsible approach to investing is one really important part of finance rebuilding trust with consumers."
In line with this, 81 per cent of Australia's largest super funds stated in the responsible investment survey that they are committed to responsible investment, up from 70 per cent in 2016.
Top of mind for large funds
Some of Australia's largest super funds are RIAA members and so are considerate of ESG investing, including AustralianSuper, Cbus, Colonial First State and Hesta.
For example, AustralianSuper has an investment option called Socially Aware that holds shares of companies that aren't invested in fossil fuels, have not been flagged for labour rights issues, produce no tobacco and do not have boards that are all male or female, among other characteristics.
"We incorporate ESG considerations into our investment process to maximise long-term returns to members," AustralianSuper spokesperson Stephen McMahon says. "So our focus on ESG can also influence improved ESG behaviours and outcomes for our investments.
"AustralianSuper predominantly seeks to engage and influence companies through our stewardship activities. A key stewardship activity is voting…As a large investor, it presents a significant opportunity to improve governance and other aspects of ESG performance."
HESTA also has a long-term commitment to responsible investment across its portfolio, which it integrates into investment decision-making.
"Responsible investment plays an important role in improving the practices and performance of the companies in which we invest, which we believe will improve long-term performance for our members and support a healthy economy, environment and society," HESTA executive of investment execution Rob Fowler says. "To see that so many funds are now recognising its important impact is positive."
responsible investment, RIAA
The government's proposed treatment of dividend payments by retail funds as "out of scope of the best-financial interests test" doesn't reflect the policy intent of the measure or members' best financial interests in any sense, an AustralianSuper policy submission has noted.
The proposed performance benchmark understates performance when it comes to adjustments for withholding tax and benchmarking credit exposure with traditional fixed income indices, meaning that relative performance is overstated, David Bell writes.
David BellJanuary 21, 2021


Roger W. Heck, age 82, passed away on Sunday, May 14, 2017 at Watertown Regional Medical Center.
Roger William Heck was born on October 21, 1934 in Watertown, the son of Walter and Jennelyn (nee Peterson) Heck. He enjoyed gardening and followed Wisconsin sports.
Roger is survived by brohters, Stanley Heck and Robert (Linda) Heck, all of Watertown as well as cousins, other relatives and friends.
Following Roger's request, no funeral services will be held. Burial will take place at Oak Hill Cemetery in Watertown. Hafemeister Funeral Home and Cremation Service of Watertown is serving the family. Online condolences may be made at www.hafemeisterfh.com.


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Venezuela Aircraft, Apple App Privacy, École Polytechnique, More: Friday ResearchBuzz, March 12, 2021
Thanks to Tish W. for the heads-up! BellingCat: Launching an Open Source Aircraft Database for Venezuela . "In January 2020, I started an open database of aircraft registered in Venezuela. Using open source flight tracking data and helpful tips from aircraft tracking enthusiasts, the database now includes details on approximately 240 aircraft. The vast majority of these aircraft are registered in Venezuela, but some are foreign-registered with some connection to the country (more on that later)."
CNET: Apple's new privacy-label database lets you see what data its apps gather on you. "Apps are everywhere, and pretty much all of them gather data about us whenever we use them. In light of that, Apple in December began requiring app developers to list information about the data their apps gather, in an accessible privacy label. Now the company is taking things one step further, with an easily searchable database of privacy labels for Apple's own apps."
Institut Polytechnique de Paris: Unprecedented historical collections on Google Arts & Culture. "École Polytechnique and Google Arts & Culture are teaming up to make available to the general public for the first time a unique collection of nearly 2,000 pieces from scientific, historical, and artistic collections from l'X, retracing more than 226 years of existence."
The Verge: Microsoft is ending support for the old non-Chromium Edge. "Support for Microsoft's Edge browser is ending today — not the new Chromium-based one, but the original Edge that was built as a replacement for Internet Explorer 11. Microsoft now calls it Legacy Edge, and the company announced it would be discontinuing the product back in August. That day has finally come: Legacy Edge will no longer receive security updates, and anyone still using it should start the process of switching to something else."
Livemint: News channels body asks Google to compensate for content. "After the Indian Newspaper Society, the News Broadcasters Association (NBA) has written to Internet giant Google on revenue sharing with intermediary technology platforms while seeking a meeting to discuss the 'urgent need to create an equitable relationship and level the playing field between global tech monopolies and traditional media/news organisations.'"
CNN: Pakistan bans TikTok again. "The popular short-form video app is no longer available on mobile devices in the country after regulators issued an order late Thursday to 'immediately' block access to it. Pakistan's Telecommunications Authority said it banned TikTok after a provincial court in Peshawar called for the platform to be removed."
New York Times: Russia Says It Is Slowing Access to Twitter . "The Russian government said on Wednesday that it was slowing access to Twitter, accusing the social network of failing to remove illegal content and signaling that the Kremlin is escalating its offensive against American internet companies that have long provided a haven for freedom of expression."
TechCrunch: Lawmakers want to empower publishers to collectively negotiate with Facebook. "On the heels of a heated standoff between platforms and publishers in Australia, U.S. lawmakers reintroduced a piece of legislation that would allow the news industry to collectively negotiate content deals with tech companies."
SecurityWeek: Flaws in Apple Location Tracking System Could Lead to User Identification. "Vulnerabilities identified in offline finding (OF) — Apple's proprietary crowd-sourced location tracking system — could be abused for user identification, researchers said in a report released this month. Introduced in 2019, the system relies on the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology for the detection of 'lost' devices, and on the Internet connection of so-called 'finder' devices to report on their location back to the owner."
University of Pennsylvania: Twitter Bots May Not Be as Influential as You Think. "A new study from Annenberg School Associate Professor Sandra González-Bailón found that verified media accounts are more central in the spread of information on Twitter than bots — even though they amount to a much smaller fraction of all accounts active."
EurekAlert: Experts recreate a mechanical Cosmos for the world's first computer. "Researchers at UCL have solved a major piece of the puzzle that makes up the ancient Greek astronomical calculator known as the Antikythera Mechanism, a hand-powered mechanical device that was used to predict astronomical events."
University at Buffalo: How to spot deepfakes? Look at light reflection in the eyes. "University at Buffalo computer scientists have developed a tool that automatically identifies deepfake photos by analyzing light reflections in the eyes. The tool proved 94% effective with portrait-like photos in experiments described in a paper accepted at the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing to be held in June in Toronto, Canada." Good morning, Internet…
Thursday CoronaBuzz, March 11, 2021: 19 pointers to updates, useful stuff, research news, and more.
Indiana Jobs, Truth in Photography Project, Patch Tuesday, More: Friday Afternoon ResearchBuzz, March 12, 2021


Hi! I am a focussed, London-based actor and I have a positive, professional and yet, easy-going attitude. I love acting for the screen; passionately committing to projects that I am involved in. This total mind immersion eases me in enveloping my character; drawing creative ideas from the universe on set, and following direction etc. As well as thinking of improvements, off set.
I was cast for extra work and scouted for film work whilst studying martial arts in China, and I also speak conversational Chinese Mandarin.
Aside from being an outlet for my creativity, I utilise acting preparation to gain insight into and therefore more understanding of mind, all the while actually filming under the Japanese principle of Mushin (No Mind) ie. Portraying emotions in method.
This, along with my martial arts background fosters a good level of varied physical expression. All whilst having fun of course.
I am honoured to have completed roles in feature film, short film, pilot and tv commercials already and am looking foward to future projects in these arenas with creating deeper, complex and ultimately more challenging character roles. Make it nice!


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SocietyNews
Is This 'Compromise' the Answer to the Planned Parenthood Fight?
Kelsey Bolar	/ @kelseybolar / September 16, 2015 / Leave a comment
Rep. Charlie Dent, R-Penn., pictured with Speaker John Boehner, says the next House leader will face challenges. (Photo: Tom Williams/Newscom)
A moderate Republican from Pennsylvania believes he devised a "reasonable" solution to the debate over Planned Parenthood—one that both sides can agree with.
Rep. Charlie Dent, R-Penn., wants to temporarily withhold funding from the specific clinics allegedly involved in the procurement of tissue from aborted body parts, and permanently close a loophole that may be allowing doctors to lawfully alter the way they perform abortions.
"There are going to be some folks, let's face it, on my side of the aisle who only support a complete defunding of Planned Parenthood," Dent told The Daily Signal. "There will be some on the left who want to maintain the status quo, who don't acknowledge that there might be a problem, but I think there are people in both parties who might see this as a reasonable way to proceed."
Dent's proposal was met with backlash from House conservatives, whose goal it is to strip the organization of all of its $500 million taxpayer dollars. Those conservatives also support reallocating that money to non-controversial health care clinics that provide women's health care.
"While I respect Congressman Dent, his proposal falls short of what my colleagues in the Republican Study Committee and I believe Congress must do," Rep. Bill Flores, Chairman of the conservative House caucus, told The Daily Signal.
We must end all federal funding for Planned Parenthood and reallocate those resources to comprehensive women's health care centers that do not provide abortions. There are more than 13,500 comprehensive women's health care clinics across the country, outnumbering Planned Parenthood's offices by nearly 20 to one.
Dent is sure the defund movement "won't go anywhere in the Senate," and considers it to be a waste of time to try and put a one-year moratorium on the organization's federal funding while Congress conducts its investigations. The House is planning to vote on that measure this week along with another bill to add criminal penalties for violations of the 2002 Born Alive Infants Protection Act.
>>> Read More: Congress Must Defund Planned Parenthood and Protect Life
His solution, "maybe has a chance at getting some support."
"I'm just trying to be realistic and pragmatic," Dent said. "I don't want to see our party go and do a shutdown mode again and go and deal with the negative consequences of that action."
The Republican Party is divided on how to best address the recent scandal, with conservatives willing to face a government shutdown over the issue and leadership going out of their way to avoid that prospect.
The debate over the taxpayer funding of the organization was triggered after a series of videos produced by the Center for Medical Progress were released, depicting Planned Parenthood employees discussing harvesting and trafficking organs from aborted babies and allegedly altering the abortion procedure in order to do so.
Dent believes his approach is "more targeted and measured" than the conservative strategy.
In addition to temporarily withholding funding from the seven Planned Parenthood clinics across three different states that participate in organ harvesting, Dent's proposal includes a mandatory investigation into Planned Parenthood's alleged wrongdoings by U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch.
"The reason why we're pushing this is because this is a much more targeted and measured way to deal with the problem—address the seven clinics where the issue may have occurred and then from there, let the investigations take their course," he said.
Rep. Tim Huelskamp, R-Kan., a member of the Republican Study Committee who has grown frustrated with what he considers a weak GOP response to the issue, called Dent's effort "a joke."
"This is another do-nothing-go-nowhere bill," Huelskamp told The Daily Signal. "The only way to hold this vile, racist organization responsible is to cut off their taxpayer funding. It is a joke to expect Obama's pro-abortion attorney general to do the job of Speaker Boehner and Leader McConnell."
Boehner has not specifically commented on Dent's proposal. He has spoken out in favor of completely defunding Planned Parenthood, which would put him at odds partial defund approaches such as Dent's.
Next week the House will vote on @RepDianeBlack's bill to freeze taxpayer funding of #PlannedParenthood during the abortion investigation.
— Speaker John Boehner (@SpeakerBoehner) September 11, 2015
Dent is well aware of the demands from his conservative colleagues, but believes it's a fair compromise. In addition to withholding funds from certain clinics and mandating a federal investigation, Dent wants to close what he calls a "loophole" in a 1993 law addressing the issue of doctors altering the abortion procedure when procuring tissue from the aborted baby.
In part, that 1993 law reads: "No alteration of the timing, method or procedure used to terminate the pregnancy was made solely for the purpose of obtaining the tissue."
Dent would remove the word "solely," which he believes allows Planned Parenthood to alter the abortion procedure with few, if any legal repercussions.
"Our change would help everyone conform with the true intent of the 1993 law was—that there should be no manipulation of the procedure for the purpose of harvesting fetal tissue," Dent said.
The Pennsylvania lawmaker is hopeful he can even get some Democrats on board this "compromise," but first might need to overcome the conservative hostility. Today, he plans on introducing the legislation.
Throughout the debate, Planned Parenthood has denied any wrongdoing, and says the videos were highly edited and manipulated to depict their practices in the worst way.
This story was updated to include information on this week's House votes and Boehner's position on defunding Planned Parenthood.
@kelseybolar
Kelsey Bolar is a senior writer and producer at The Daily Signal and co-host of "Problematic Women," a podcast. Send an email to Kelsey.


We have several opportunities this summer for your child to get involved in music. head over to our newsletter to find out how you can register for one of our programs.
Take a look at some of the highlights from our Summer Music Clubs, Music Fun Day and Christmas Celebration! We had so much fun!
Investing in people's lives through the gift of music!
Backyard Music Clubs 2016, Woodland Heights site learning about "Peter and the Wolf"
Heart Academy of Music has been serving the community since April 2014. We provide summer music programs, after school music clubs, and music events for the lower income areas of Springfield, Missouri. We believe that everyone should have the opportunity to learn about music no matter their walk of life. We also seek to bless our families in every way possible and to share the love of Jesus Christ every opportunity we receive.


This kit has a eGo Mega Twist+ battery and cubis pro atomizer. The battery has 2300mah built-in capacity and can be switched with variable wattage mode and Bypass mode. Simply rotate the bottom ring to adjust the wattage or shift between the two modes. We redesigned the fire button which is easy and soft to push. The button light will be on when you switch between the two modes or press it to fire. Also, the regulatory ring on the bottom enables you to switch to your mode easily. The atomizer has top filling system and top airflow system. It is very easy to fill. Innovative leak resistant cup design will avoid leaking problem.


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1914-1918 War Day by Day
How the First World War Began
Germany's "Blank Cheque" to Austro-Hungary
Air Power in World War 1
The Battle of the Somme
The Zimmerman Telegram
Challenge of Battle – Adrian Gilbert
The Illustrated War Reports – Trench Warfare – Bob Carruthers
Verdun, The Left bank – Christina Holstein
Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea by Robert K Massie
The First World War by Hew Strachan
Austro-Hungarian Cruisers and Destroyers 1914-1918 – Ryan K Noppen, illustrated by Paul Wright
WW1 Book Reviews for Stand Easy Publishing
Memorabilia and Books for Sale
1914-1918 Home
WW1TheGreatWar
On this day, March 31, 2015 at 10:05PM, One Hundred Years Ago
German U-Boats sink 29 ships in one day, killing 161. This day accounts for more ships than in entire war so far. #ww1
— WorldWar1 Day by Day (@WW1TheGreatWar) March 31, 2015
from Twitter http://ift.tt/1potiBK
March 31, 2015 at 10:05PM
To follow day by day events from 100 years ago, you can follow the live streams on Twitter or Facebook. http://ift.tt/1potiBK http://ift.tt/1mDRWDO
DaybyDayFacebookTwitterWW1TheGreatWar
On this day, March 27, 2015 at 07:20AM, One Hundred Years Ago
Press campaign in Britain highlights the need for more artillery shells after Sir John French has publicly aired the issue. #ww1 #'fww
Leon Thrasher, first US citizen to die in World War 1, is killed when German U-28 torpedoes cargo-passenger ship Falaba, drowning 104. #ww1
General Liman von Sanders arrives at Gallipoli to take on command of the Turkish 5th Army in defence of the peninsula. #ww1
Brusilov retakes the Lupkow Pass, capturing 8200 Austrians. #ww1 #fww
110,000 men in the Austro-Hungarian fortress of Przemysl surrender to the Russians after being cut off from friendly troops since February.
Josip Broz (later known as Tito) injured in the back by a Russian lance in a cavalry attack on Austrian positions.
Lord Derby reviews the 12000 men he has raised into "The Derby Comrades". Lord Kitchener takes the salute; part of his "new" army. #ww1
Time for me to suggest that you follow the Facebook page for this project. All this stuff and extras… https://t.co/lpl0rum1ma
Britain signs secret treaty with Russia to hand over much of Turkey, including Constantinople, in exchange for own sphere of interest.
Help this project
Thank you so much for visiting this site.
If you've enjoyed this project, please support me...
Supporting this educational project means I can devote more time to producing :
PODCASTS - in depth episodes that dig into Great War history.
ARTICLES - specially researched articles on audience led subjects.
INDEPENDENT RESEARCH - exploring unique World War 1 stories and publishing the results.
With your support you make sure that I can invest more time into this project and make it even better.
Tracking the progress of World War 1 day by day
Charting the daily events of World War One, this history project aims to provide a bite-sized and engaging way to follow the events of 100 years ago. Using a variety of sources, I aim to refer to the main events of the war on the centenary of their occurrence. However, it's not just about the main events, I have also taken time to research lesser known events in order to help the reader to feel engaged with the scope of the war.


The ribs are particularly popular, and sell out fast. You can also buy cuts of meat to make carnitas from scratch at home, but why not leave it to the experts? Get your cooked carnitas by the pound or some tacos (which ShannonClark recommends) for more immediate eating.


Invite Elder Shawn Denise Herbin of (About My FATHER's Business Ministry) to fellowship with you at your church, upcoming conference, or ministry event. Website Contact Info: www.amfb-sdhministry.com Elder Shawn Denise Herbin has a great desire to deliver the gospel to all people in a manner that is easily understood. Her messages convey Biblical truths and her very own testimony, all of which are applicable to daily living. She believes that her messages must be divinely inspired and delivered in a manner that reflects a passion for bringing glory to The LORD both in word and deed.
For information about Free Christian Advertising, visit the website.


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Coca-Cola acquires AB InBev's stake in CCBA
SOUTH AFRICA – Soft drinks giant Coca-Cola announced on Wednesday it has agreed to buy SABMiller's 54.5% stake in Coca-Cola Beverages Africa (CCBA) from AB InBev for $3.15bn.
Coca-Cola and AB InBev said in a joint statement that they had agreed to the transfer of AB InBev's 54.5% stake in CCBA to The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC).
SABMiller formerly owned the stake before the mega beer acquisition that saw SAB merge with AB InBev.
CCBA was created in November 2014 by a merger of Coca-Cola's South African operation with SABMiller's non-alcoholic Southern African operations and Coca-Cola Sabco.
The combined companies have operations in South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Ghana, Mayotte and Comoros.
Coke and AB InBev said they have also reached a separate agreement in principle for Coca-Cola to acquire AB InBev's interest in bottling operations in Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Swaziland, Lesotho, El Salvador and Honduras for an undisclosed amount.
The transactions are subject to regulatory and minority approvals and are expected to close by the end of 2017, the companies said.
Coca-Cola said it planned to hold all operations temporarily until they can be refranchised to other bottling partners.
Some of the bottling partners that have often been mentioned as possible partners in CCBA include Coca-Cola Hellenic AG (Coca-Cola HBC), Coca-Cola European Partners, Equatorial Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola Icecek.
The deal comes barely two months after Coca-Cola said it would exercise its change of control clause and acquire SABMiller's stake in CCBA from AB InBev after the mega beer merger closed in October.
The soft drink giant appears to have gone a step further, buying out SABMiller's former stakes (now held by AB InBev) in other African operations not part of CCBA, as well as bottling operations in El Salvador and Honduras.
There have been rumours that Coke might be AB InBev's next acquisition target, and Coke has been doing everything possible to stay out of the beer giant's cross-hairs.
December 21, 2016; https://beverageindustrynews.com.ng/index.php/2016/12/21/coca-cola-acquires-ab-inbevs-stake-in-ccba/
Saudi Arabia to place hefty tax on soft drinks, energy drinks
Poultry producers to face tight margins in 2017


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Q: Vertically open file mark in Vim I have set a file mark in $MYVIMRC. Is there a way for me to open this marked file vertically? Although the description of :vertical does not look like it would work, I did try :vert `V which did not work.
This seems to work:
Ctrl+WV`V
Is there a better way?

A: :vert `V doesn't work because ```V`` doesn't split the window.
:vsp | norm `V should also work but isn't much better than your solution.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The Axis of Time trilogy is an alternative history series of novels written by Australian journalist and author John Birmingham, from Macmillan Publishing.

The novels deal with the radical alteration of the history of World War II and the socio-historical changes that result when a technologically advanced naval task force from the year 2021 is accidentally transported back through time to 1942.

The early chapters of the first book in the trilogy, Weapons of Choice, are set in the near future.

Plot
In 2021, a radical Islamic terrorist movement has declared a global jihad against the West and established a Caliphate in Indonesia, initiating a wholesale slaughter of Chinese nationals there. In response, a US-led multinational task force of advanced warships and submarines sails to Indonesia to launch a counterattack against the Caliphate forces and retake the archipelago. With the fleet is a research vessel, the Nagoya, which is testing top-secret weapons and stealth systems that use the latest developments in quantum physics.

As the task force lies at anchor off the coast of East Timor preparing for deployment, the Nagoya conducts a full-scale test of its new systems but there is a catastrophic accident—the experiment generates a massive rift in the time-space continuum, completely destroying the Nagoya and sending most of the fleet back in time to 1942.

Many of the 2021 ships materialize in the middle of the US fleet that is steaming to engage the Japanese at the Battle of Midway, including one vessel which materializes into the structure of a 1942 ship, with horrific results. When the mystery fleet suddenly appears, the Americans mistake them for the enemy (due to the presence of Japanese vessels in the 2021 fleet) and they begin firing on them. With the crews of the 2021 fleet rendered helpless by "transition sickness", the computerized battle systems on their ships automatically activate, inflicting heavy damage and thousands of casualties on the 1942 fleet until the two forces work out what has happened and halt the battle. As the nature of the event dawns on the two fleets, the two commanders strike an uneasy truce and the combined fleet heads back to Pearl Harbor. The Americans then launch an intensive study into the 2021 fleet's futuristic computer and weapons technology, as well as the wealth of historical information which describes their own future – although many items of technology from the future fleet are stolen by unscrupulous sailors from 1942 and sold to the criminal underworld.

Matters are further complicated by the fact that the chaotic nature of the Nagoya's "time bubble" has transported some 2021 ships to locations far from the main group, and these vessels variously fall into the hands of the Japanese, the Germans and the Soviets. After the Japanese capture an Indonesian ship from the 2021 fleet, they discover what they did not know in the conventional version of history – that the US fleet had not been crippled by the Pearl Harbor attack, as they thought, and that the Americans have broken their military codes and are fully aware of the Japanese battle plans. Acting on these revelations, Admiral Yamamoto immediately turns his fleet around, and the Battle of Midway never takes place.

Another vessel is captured by the Germans and as they learn more about the future outcome of the war they halt and abandon their ill-fated invasion of Russia and prepare for an all-out assault on the United Kingdom. Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin become allies and purge their military forces of anyone they believe to be a traitor.

The series goes on to explore the far-reaching effects of the Transition, which radically alters not merely the balance of power between the Axis and the Allies, but the entire course of WWII and global history. The Soviet Union uses the treaty with Germany to assemble a powerful and massive military and launch a large scale invasion into Asia and Eastern Europe, conquering a vast amount of territory.

The plot shares a premise with the 1980 movie The Final Countdown, about a modern USN aircraft carrier which travels back in time to just before the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor.  The plot also has similarities to that of the series Zipang, about a Japanese missile destroyer transported back in time right before the Battle of Midway.

Books in series
 World War 2.1: Weapons of Choice (2004),
 World War 2.2: Designated Targets (2005),
 World War 2.3: Final Impact (2007),
 Stalin's Hammer: Rome (2012), novella,
 Stalin's Hammer: Cairo (2016), ebook only novella
 Stalin's Hammer: Paris (2016), ebook only novella
 Stalin's Hammer: The Complete Sequence (2017), , all three novellas (Rome, Cairo and Paris) have been repackaged as a single volume
 An untitled work, beginning this history's WWIII, has been announced on John Birmingham's blog.

Allusions
Birmingham names several minor characters after contemporary nonfictional people:
 Venero Armanno, Brisbane novelist. Appeared as Lieutenant Veni Armanno.
 Paul Brasch, Brisbane comedian. Appeared as Major Paul Brasch.
 Karen Halabi, a journalist who has written for the Sydney Morning Herald, appeared as Captain Karen Halabi, captain of HMS Trident, a major character
 Piers Akerman and Andrew Bolt, conservative Australian columnists. Appeared as SAS demolitionists.
 Dale Brown, Tom Clancy, Stephen Euin Cobb, and Garth Nix - thriller writers appearing as counterboarding specialists aboard USS Leyte Gulf.
 Eric Flint (alternate history author) appeared as a Secret Service agent. The fictional town of Grantville, West Virginia, from his 1632 series is referred to as Dan Black's home town. In addition, it was mentioned that 1632 and its sequels were turned into movies, directed by Peter Jackson.
 William R. Forstchen (sci-fi/alternate history author) referred to as a fringe 'professor' who wrote an underground bio of J. Edgar Hoover.
 Bill O'Reilly and Jerry Springer are mentioned as both being United States senators in the 21st Century.
 Matthew Reilly (Australian action/sci-fi author) appears as a lieutenant on the USS Leyte Gulf. Redshirted.
 S.M. Stirling (sci-fi/alternate history author) appeared as a Secret Service agent. His Draka series is referenced when one of the characters remarks that, with all the events of the past year, he would not be surprised to hear of a new race of super-Nazis arising in South Africa, and a second time when a character mentions that the Draka series has been turned into movies by Steven Spielberg.
 Harry Turtledove, one of the most prominent alternate history authors, appears as "Commander Turteltaub", an aide to FDR. The President at one point asks him whether the space lizards have invaded yet, a reference to Turtledove's Worldwar series.
 Mike Judge, creator of Beavis and Butt-Head, King of the Hill, The Goode Family and Office Space, commanding officer of the USS Hillary Clinton.
 James H. Cobb, Robert Dessaix, and Jean-Paul Sartre are namesakes for naval ships.
 Hillary Clinton is also the namesake of a naval ship, an American aircraft carrier. From the perspective of the series' 2021 setting, Clinton is a former President who led the country during a war and was later assassinated.
 Phillip McGregor (co-author of Space Opera (FGU), Rigger Black Book #1 (FGU) and many other roleplaying games and supplements) appears as the Pilot of one of the Dakota gunships used to decimate German Paratroops taking part in Operation Sea Dragon, a thank you for helping provide the author with some historical background material as part of a discussion on the book on the soc.history.what-if usenet newsgroup.
 Tim Horan and Peter FitzSimons (former rugby union players and in 'fitzys' case also journalist and author) appear as Australian military personnel
 The French ship Robert Dessaix, actually an Australian novelist, was commanded by René Goscinny with First Officer Albert Uderzo, the creators of Asterix.
 SAS Troopers Peter Hamilton (a British science-fiction writer) and Sir Vivian Richards (one of the greatest cricketers of all time).
 Colonel Harry Windsor of the British SAS (Prince Harry) appears as himself, obviously in no need of tuckerization.
 Rosanna Natoli is a reporter/presenter for Channel Seven News Queensland Australia. Was a 21st Century reporter murdered in Hawaii by a Japanese officer.
 Gia Dimarco, a female pornographic actress. Is a lieutenant in the USN, stationed in the USN Hillary Clinton.
 Arthur Clarke, a predominant science fiction writer, is referred to as Private Clarke during the invasion of Normandy.
Birmingham names at least one place (USSR Demidenko facility) after controversial Australian journalist and author Helen Darville, who won several major literary awards for her book The Hand That Signed the Paper, written under the pseudonym Helen Demidenko. Darville initially presented herself as being of Ukrainian ancestry but this was subsequently exposed as a hoax.

Adaptation
In September 2021, it was announced Luke Sparke is developing a television adaptation through his Sparke Films banner.

See also

 List of Axis of Time characters
 The Final Countdown (film)
 Worldwar
 Zipang (manga)
 Hypothetical Axis victory in World War II – Other depictions of Nazi Germany/Axis/World War II alternate history.

References

External links
 John Birmingham's blog

 Alternate History: When You Travel From the Future to the Past by Fredric Smoler – Magazine column which discusses alternate histories involving time travelers who alter the past, with special attention given to the first two volumes of Axis of Time.

Alternate history book series
21st-century Australian novels
Science fiction book series
Novels about time travel
Novels about World War II alternate histories
2004 Australian novels

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Stricter lockdown measures have to be implemented or SA risks losing COVID-19 fight: SAMA
17 June 2021, 8:30 AM |
SABC | @SABCNews
South Africa is in the midst of its third wave with 95 772 active COVID-19 cases after 13 246 new infections were recorded in the last reporting period.
The South African Medical Association (SAMA) says stricter lockdown measures need to be implemented to curb the spread of the coronavirus or else the country risks losing the fight against the pandemic.
Another 136 people have succumbed to coronavirus-related illnesses.
Almost 60 percent or 7 859 of the new cases are in Gauteng.
SAMA chairperson Dr Angelique Coetzee says Gauteng hospitals are running out of beds and oxygen.
"There should be tighter restrictions on gatherings, people should stay at home as much as possible, we need to look at the schools again, especially in Gauteng. If you want a bed in Gauteng you are going to struggle so this is what we're seeing and if we want to get out of this we need to make tough decisions. But it seems like it's not going to happen so for now it is what it is and no one should be astonished if the numbers go up," says Coetzee.
According to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) last report almost 9 000 people are now being treated in hospitals across the country after another 940 were admitted to hospitals.
Private hospitals are under severe pressure as they are treating more than 5 900 of the patients compared to 2 815 in state facilities.
Latest SA COVID-19 stats:
Vaccinations picking up
On Tuesday during his address to the nation, President Cyril Ramaphosa said the pace is picking up with up to 85 000 people now being vaccinated daily.
He says to date 2.4 million Pfizer vaccine doses have arrived in the country which will increase to 3.1 million by the end of the month.
Government has also received an indication from Johnson and Johnson that the 2 million doses that had to be destroyed will be replaced by the end of the month.
Ramaphosa says a statistic that provides hope is that only 64 healthcare workers have been infected in the last seven days compared to 640 at a similar point in the second wave.
Announcing that South Africa was moving back to alert level 3 lockdown on Tuesday night, Ramaphosa said the roll out will be boosted considerably over the next few weeks.
"It is estimated that we have the capacity at present to vaccinate at least 150 000 people a day and we're planning to increase that to 250 000 a day as soon as possible, I would prefer 300 000 a day, which we shall try and reach."
South Africa moves to lockdown alert level 3:
Tags: SAMANational Institute for Communicable DiseasesCOVID-19South African Medical AssociationAngelique CoetzeePrivate hospitalsGautengNICD
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Home / Support Overture / Intermission Campaign / Overture Blog / Deb Arnold
Deb Arnold
Long-time friends look forward to returning to Overture for "Girls' Night Out"
"We count on Overture shows to reconnect."
Dinner downtown followed by a Broadway show at Overture Center―"Girls' Night Out" can't get any better, according to Deb Arnold of Evansville.
Arnold and five teacher friends from the Evansville Community School District have attended Broadway at Overture performances together for 20 years. Along with Arnold, the "Overture gals" include Julie Creek-Hessler of Evansville, Michelle Klopp of Evansville, Becky Ludeman of Whitewater, Jo Marie Oakeson of Evansville, and Cheryl Thomas of Oakland, Tenn.
The six teachers became friends while teaching together at Levi Leonard Elementary School. The elementary school consisted of grades K-5, but when grades 3-5 were moved to Theodore Robinson Intermediate School, the friends didn't get to see each other daily anymore.
Creek-Hessler had a couple of Broadway season tickets and asked if the others wanted to join her. Soon Creek-Hessler was organizing season tickets for all six women. The friends became known as "Julie's Group" at the ticket office.
"Broadway shows were held at the Civic Center when we started," said Arnold. "We used to fill out the paper forms and write checks to Julie."
Six times a year, the women meet downtown, treating themselves to dinner at favorite a restaurant, such as Cooper's Tavern, the former Gino's, Casa de Lara, Noodles or Tutto Pasta State Street. On their way to Overture, they always stop at Kilwins, the candy store across the street from Overture, before heading to the show.
"On Friday nights, teachers are tired, but we were always pumped to go to Overture," said Arnold.
All but Klopp have since retired, but the tradition continues. Ludeman makes the trek into Madison from Whitewater, and Thomas travels in from Oakland, Tenn., where she relocated a few years ago.
"We really look forward to it," said Arnold. "It is a way to see each other and stay connected."
Their all-time favorite Broadway show was Mamma Mia, the perfect show for a group of long-time female friends to see together. They also loved Wicked, Lion King and Les Misèrables. A couple members of the group participated in community theater and enjoy seeing shows they performed in, such as The Music Man, Oklahoma! and The King & I.
"Going to a Broadway show at Overture is such a treat! It gives us an opportunity to be with adults, act like adults and escape into the world of music and dance for a few hours," said Arnold. "I admit that sometimes we sing along. We haven't gone so far as dance!"
When Broadway returns to Overture in November, the sextet will be in their front-row Upper Orchestra seats for Fiddler on the Roof.
"Cheryl is flying in from Nashville," said Arnold. "We'll do our same routine: dinner, candy shop and show."
The women agree that Overture makes them feel cultured and sophisticated, and it binds them together.
"Overture means a lot to us. When our kids were young, these nights out were the only time we had to get away. As we've grown older, we remain good friends but don't get to see each other often. We count on Overture shows to reconnect," said Arnold. "We miss the Overture experience and can't wait to return. We love Overture!"
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Friday March 25, 2011 -- Holgate footage
Fri. March 25, 2011:
Spent the first half of the days working with a young crew of independent moviemakers. They're doing an education video on
Holgate. Stu D. helped me out, as the crew out of Philly interviewed and videoed adjacent to the worst erosion area, where the Osprey Nest used to be. By the by, the area is worse than ever, as the refuge gets ready to shut down the south end next week. Obviously, nothing will be done any time soon to lessen the disappearance of the area.
My thinking: I sure don't see how it benefits the wildlife to have the area erode away to nothing. Yet, by Wildnerness Act
mandates, there can be no heavy equipment on the property owned by the refuge, namely above mean high tide. Interestingly,
mean high tide is now coming close to literally crossing over Holgate, meaning the property owned by the refuge is being broken into parcels. The zone around the former Osprey Nest is so over-washed, extending all the way to the bay, I question the integrity of the refuge signage keeping pedestrains from crossing over to the bayside meadows. I'm not looking to debate the point, I'm just noting how complex it's getting -- and sure to worsen to the point of decision-making time by the state, i.e. when the beach has disappeared so throughly that it essentially reverts back to state ownership, via the state constitutional mandates regarding public access to riparian areas.
I'm not writing this to re-ignite previous debate issues. Truth be told, the next time I go full Monty over the South End will be
when things are so bad down there that it's obvious to one and all that the refuge, as owners, must be made to address its
stewardship of the Wilderness Area. I'd venture to say this is the only Wilderness Area in the country that is actually going to
disappear right under the Refuge System's eyes. Admittedly, it's not even remotely the refuge's fault. However, there is a point
where the state -- and possibly even the feds -- must literally end the eroison. We have the technology. Whether or not enough
Holgate fans are out there to force someone's (anyone's) hand, remains to be seen -- and likely will be within the next few years.
Anyway, the videomakers got some footage today, by shooting from the wet sand beach. Still, the refuge claimed that's not
permitted without written OK from refuge authorities. I might question that, based on public domain laws. We were surely on
state property. If you can't even shoot from outside the refuge inward, now we're talking some very weird interpretations of the
Wilderness Act. I fully understand such restrictions applying to any footage taken while actually going onto refuge property. I just hope this isn't, once again, that same old nonsense that the refuge can also control usgaes of adjacent land they don't own. There are, indeed, some very limited cases where that applies. Setting up a gunning range on proerty next to the Wilderness Area? That's not happenin'. But claiming that videoing the area in the background while cameras are positioned on public land? I don't care if the footage is used for profit -- it's not, in this case -- just try to tell, say, some director, "You can't aim your cameras anywhere near that tiny piece of land called Holgate or you've violated the Wilderness Act."
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Pots Off Reefs Update
March 27, 2011 - New Jersey legislation which would prohibit the use of fixed gear within 100 feet of artificial reefs created by
the state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and their Division of Fish and Wildlife (Division) has successfully
moved out of the Senate in a vote of 31-4. The Recreational Fishing Alliance (RFA) has supported "Pots Off Reef" legislation
since originally introduced back in 2007, and continues to support those legislative efforts to protect the access rights of
recreational anglers along New Jersey's artificial reef complex.
"We support getting the pots off the artificial reefs, we've never wavered in that view," said RFA executive director, Jim
Donofrio, who explained that submerged trap lines and high fliers have adversely impacted access for all users. "This is definitely
an access issue, and on that point the RFA supports both the senate bill (S221) and the assembly companion (A1152), as we
always have," he said.
While RFA says the legislation would effectively eliminate gear conflicts on the state's artificial reefs and help improve
recreational access, the organization has also warned of a bigger conservation issue that needs to be addressed. Since 2006, RFA has been bringing attention to the unmanaged commercial pot/trap fishery that has existed in New Jersey for many years, an issue they claim impacts not only the fishermen but the fish themselves.
"What we really want to know is just how many traps are out there to begin with, and that's an answer we're not getting,"
Donofrio said. "Other groups now starting to get involved in state fisheries are unaware of the history as it relates to species like blackfish and sea bass, and they've been quick to blame legislators when the state has had the power for many years to pass regulations consistent with the New Jersey Reef Plan that would prohibit all pots and traps from the reefs."
RFA believes that in addition to angler access, unaccounted fish traps present a serious conservation issue that must be also
addressed, something Donofrio says "we've been requesting since long before these reef bills were introduced." In March of
2006, he sent an official welcome letter to then-incoming Division Director Dave Chanda, in which RFA brought attention to
problems with the tautog (blackfish) stock along the coast.
"Discussions with NJ Division of Fish and Wildlife have indicated that the state does not have the adequate information to
separate the percentage of blackfish directed fishing effort from all fish pot license holders," Donofrio wrote in 2006. "We
encourage the state to determine the current number of legitimate pot fishermen targeting blackfish and the number of pots being fished. From this information, pot tags can be issued to ensure that all gear is removed during closures."
"Furthermore, we urge the state to require removal of all pots and enforce a no-sale/no-possession provision from June 1 through November 14. This will allow law enforcement to determine illegal points of sale such as restaurants and markets," he added.
RFA says the illegal and unreported landings and sale of tautog have been a persistent problem and perhaps the biggest driver of the stock's decline over the years, and the group has encouraged coastal states to address the seriousness of the issue with
increased enforcement to address poaching issues and a stronger management state-by-state management plan to address fish
pots and traps.
RFA's 2006 letter to division director Chanda also set a June 1, 2006 cutoff date for the state to initiate response or action, at
which time Donofrio said "we will pursue stronger measures through the legislature." RFA is continuing to work with key coastal legislators on drafting language which will address both access and conservation issues related to coastal fisheries management in New Jersey, and they're hoping that more tie-in from the coastal community can help put
"Every angler in New Jersey realizes that the current legislation does not have the support of New Jersey's commercial fishing
community, which is why this pots bill has become such a political football in Trenton," said RFA-NJ chapter chairman, Adam
Nowalsky. "Obviously, the commercial and recreational sector is not in agreement on getting pots off the reef, but the point we do all agree on is that the accountability issue with undocumented fish traps soaking in our coastal waters 365 days a year." An
Atlantic County resident and charter boat captain, Nowalsky is also legislative proxy for New Jersey at the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC).
According to Capt. Tony Bogan of the United Boatmen, the access and conservation issues surrounding New Jersey's pot
management problem have been debated for years. "We've been pushing this issue at the state level for over a decade and have made countless recommendations on how to address the seriousness of the live market problem," he said. Bogan, who also represented the state of New Jersey as representative at the Mid Atlantic Fishery Management Council from 2003-2006, said the simple act of removing pots from the state reefs is part of a much bigger state issue.
"We have no idea how many pots are out there, but instead of addressing the serious management problem, individuals are
allowing state legislators to battle over a bill that will essentially just spread illegal pots out over a bigger area," Bogan said.
"Moving conflict from one place to another will not address the most serious fisheries issue we have on our reef fish."
RFA continues to support efforts to get all fixed gear off New Jersey's artificial reef complex, both along inshore state waters and outside the 3-mile limit in federal waters, but without a true management plan to follow, RFA believes the current legislation is mostly symbolic. "A simple executive order from the Governor can get those pots off the reef next week, and when you look at the final reef program, the DEP has the legal means to comply," Donofrio said.
"We've done our due diligence on this legislation, and RFA is going to have to ask our legislators for more help in dealing with both access and conservation issues along the coast," Donofrio said.
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NEW YORK'S SALTWATER LICENSE TO BE REPEALED
User Fee Will Be Gone in 180 Days - Replaced By Free Registry
New York's saltwater fishing license is being repealed!
According to the Associated Press, New York lawmakers and the Cuomo administration have just reached an agreement to end the state's $10 annual saltwater fishing license and replace it with a free registry for the state's coastal waters. Legislators announcing the change yesterday say it will cover two years.
The Recreational Fishing Alliance (RFA) received a "high priority" email sent through DEC channels yesterday afternoon regarding the license repeal, noting that budget discussions between Governor Cuomo and the New York state legislature helped facilitate the repeal effort, which is said will take place in the next 180 days.
Last Tuesday, March 15th, a Senate Budget Resolution calling for the repeal of the MTA Payroll Tax for public and private schools, as well as full repeal of the saltwater fishing license was passed in the New York Senate. "I made clear from the beginning of the Budget process that I would not support any new taxes or fees," Sen. Lee Zeldin (R-Shirley) said last week.
Sen. Zeldin, a Long Island saltwater angler, last month introduced legislation in the New York Senate (S3638) which would amend the environmental conservation law in relation to establishing a registration system for saltwater recreational fishing, essentially repealing that part which mandates that a fee to fish be levied on saltwater anglers. Under the Senate Budget Resolution passed last week, the saltwater fishing license and fee would end with the expiration of the current 2011 license.
On Friday, March 18th, a fax campaign was initiated by the RFA and the New York Sportfishing Federation to help garner support from Assemblyman Robert Sweeney (D-Lindenhurst) as chairman of the New York Assembly Environmental Conservation Committee. According to the Associated Press, Stephen Liss, counsel to Assemblyman Sweeney, said a three-way deal was worked out this past Tuesday night which will be included in the upcoming budget.
The Associated Press reports that an administration official confirmed the agreement, which still must be ratified in the State Budget, which is expected to be approved by April 1.
Assemblyman Fred W. Thiele, Jr. (I-Sag Harbor), who vehemently opposed the license requirement two years ago, had sponsored legislation ever since to repeal the requirement, including legislation in the current session with Sen. Zeldin (A6169). Thiele also supported litigation by the Southampton and East Hampton Trustees with five other Long Island Towns which successfully obtained an injunction against the law in the seven Long Island towns. In a release issued yesterday, Thiele said New York's license law will be transformed into a registration requirement to meet federal law, and noted that this week's agreement also provides that the registration will be guaranteed to be free for the next two years. In addition, those who purchased lifetime licenses will be granted a refund minus the fee for the past year.
"The idea of a saltwater fishing license was ill-conceived from the outset. Not only was it a tax on one of the fundamental rights that Long Island residents have had since colonial times, but it was a burden to the recreational fishing industry at a time when the recession was taking its toll on the local economy. This action will send a message that the State recognizes that the right to fish should be free and that recreational fishing is a critical part of the Long Island economy," Thiele said.
The RFA said while some state workers may view the bipartisan decision in Albany as a dark day for the public sector, the decision is good news for private sector constituents concerned about the rising cost of bureaucracy.
"With all due respect to our friends in the public sector, the private sector is fed up with this same old 'pay me now, bill me later' mentality permeating state government," said RFA managing director Jim Hutchinson. "New York's saltwater fishing license was an inferior product from the start, and as consumers, constituents and taxpayers, our state's sportfishermen asked that it be replaced," Hutchinson.
"We're grateful to all those New York legislators who showed what true bipartisan leadership is all about," Hutchinson said, crediting Governor Cuomo, Sen. Zeldin, Assemblyman Sweeney and Assemblyman Thiele for working together to secure an agreement on behalf of the New York marine district.
"Those who would impose a user fee on public access are quick to make claims of the privilege of fishing and paying for said privilege, but that's not the way we see things at the RFA," Hutchinson said. "The vast majority of sportsmen in New York's marine district do not believe that fishing is only a privilege, but instead believe strongly in their right to access this public resource. The recent legal challenge on the East End helped reconfirm that long-held belief, and we have nothing but praise for those legislators for helped honor that continued coastal tradition, from the Governor's office on out to our Long Island Assembly and Senate leaders, democrats, republicans and independents alike," he said.
RFA and the New York Sportfishing Federation also wish to thank all those members and friends who participated in this past weekend's fax campaign to spread the word about the repeal efforts, which they believe made a significant impact in getting the license repeal through.


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