text:
Critical Reasoning (CR)
When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of
Difficulty: 700-Level Conclusion Source: 1000 Series
Schools: CBS
WE 1: 4 years (Consulting)
When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of [#permalink]
Updated on: 03 May 2018, 00:52
When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of the nation's political opposition had died of a mysterious illness in prison, few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised. As the police captain in an old movie remarked when asked about the condition of a prisoner, "We're trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape."
The statements above invite which of the following conclusions?
(A) The opposition leader was probably killed trying to escape from prison.
(B) The opposition leader may not be dead at all.
(C) It is unlikely that the head of the regime knows the true cause of the opposition leader's death.
(D) The opposition leader probably killed himself.
(E) The regime very likely was responsible for the death of the opposition leader.
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Originally posted by noboru on 26 Jul 2009, 05:56.
Last edited by Bunuel on 03 May 2018, 00:52, edited 1 time in total.
Renamed the topic and edited the question.
Most Helpful Expert Reply
TommyWallach
Manhattan Prep Instructor
Affiliations: ManhattanGMAT
Re: When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of [#permalink]
Just wanted to weigh in briefly on this one. You guys sure have hearts of gold to not be able to guess the darkness at the center of this one. Indeed, as shasidharancsp says, what's going on here is that the prisoner was killed by the opposition party (a possibility pretty heavily suggested in the section leading up to the quote). The police chief says "We're trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape." Think about it. How could those two possibilities exist at once? It's a prison. The police chief needs to tell the press something, so they're trying to decide between the two lies. In reality, they killed him.
As for C, this DOES NOT imply that the police chief doesn't know what happened at all. He's being facetious. I know how you've all been taught to be highly literal in how you read these, but also pay attention to the way the question itself is worded "The statements above invite which of the following conclusions?". See how they're pointing you towards what's hidden underneath here?
Tommy Wallach | Manhattan GMAT Instructor | San Francisco
Manhattan GMAT Discount | Manhattan GMAT Reviews
bassiseema
(E) The regime very likely was responsible for the death of the opposition leader.[/quote]
-Note that opposition leader DIED of mysterious illness and police captain when asked abt the CONDITION of the prisoner- We are TRYING to DECIDE whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape- So it is clear that the prisoner is dead and also he died in custody. How he dies is not disclosed. SO I will go with E.
But also looking at the answer choice D and E. D is "probably" and E is "very likely" so going by the logic of less strong words D could win the argument.
OA please...
Another one for E.
In the 2nd sentence where the Author is using the analogy of an old police captain...he's implying that the police know exactly what happened, there is a cover-up and they are trying to figure out how to spin it for public consumption.
I think C might be a trap, as nowhere does it refers to the 'head of the regime' in the original stem.
bassiseema wrote:
OA please...[/quote]
NOT C Because- C talks about "HEAD of the Regime"- and the argument mentions "the government of a nation"
BarneyStinson
Schools: LBS, INSEAD, IMD, ISB - Anything with just 1 yr program.
noboru wrote:
As the police captain in an old movie remarked..., What is the author trying to depict by using this kind of an analogy? How does it connect with the first statement about a leader of the nation's political opposition had dies of mysterious illness in prison? Can some verbal experts throw more light on this kind of verbiage?
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shalva
Tuck School Moderator
Location: Tbilisi, Georgia
Schools: Stanford (in), Tuck (WL), Wharton (ding), Cornell (in)
Police captain is mentioned in order to draw parallels between him and the "government of the nation". At least that's how I understand this stimulus.
This analogy implies that the government is responsible for the death of the opposition leader (as police captain is for the death of prisoner)
theYogi
I am debating between C & E and will go with E even though it looks far-fetched but C talks about head of the regime which is never mentioned in the passage
I believe answer is E...OA?
shasidharancsp
My logic goes this way.
Firstly the analogy of the police captain is provided to show an example how a regime or a ruling party will answer if asked about the condition of a prisoner in its captivity who may or may not have died at that point of time. The police captain tries to disguise the reason for the death and tries not to take the blame for the death by throwing reasons in which the prisoner is solely responsible for his own death. This is the key. In the same way, the Governement of a nation has announced that the opposition leader died due to mysterious illness,taking no blame for his death. Hence the argument states that 'few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised" - Implying that most of the observers of the regime were not surprised and they know what would have happened to the opposition leader.
Hence the answer is 'E'.
stoneshwar
Schools: Stanford '17 (S), Sloan '17 (S)
Updated on: 24 Jul 2014, 23:38
Here's why E makes sense:
1. "few seasoned observers of the regime were surprised."
The questions says "few", not "a few". This means NOBODY was surprised, i.e. all regime observers knew that the regime killed the guy. what killed the guy. (struck out portion has assumption)
2. "We're trying to decide whether he committed suicide or died trying to escape."
This means they are trying to manufacture a cause of death, not trying to identify it.
Originally posted by stoneshwar on 24 Jul 2014, 22:57.
Last edited by stoneshwar on 24 Jul 2014, 23:38, edited 1 time in total.
Krabhay
a. Making a note of the statement of the police captain, Reason for the death of prisoner is unclear.
b. Both the police and the government confirmed the prisoner to be dead and moreover, there is no clue given that the prisoner is still alive.
c. Head of the regime is never mentioned in the passage. So, could not be a conclusion.
d. . Making a note of the statement of the police captain, Reason for the death of prisoner is unclear.
e. This could be a conclusion as the passage mentions that "few seasoned observers were surprised" and not "a few", which means a handful of people were surprised and others were not surprised as they knew what had happened.
Hence, e is the answer.
AKY13
E is too extreme to be answer. It has strong language such as "very likely".
Re: When the government of a nation announced recently that a leader of	[#permalink] 30 Mar 2019, 20:00
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by Critical Reasoning (CR)


There are a lot of things that are difficult to achieve twice in one day. Running a marathon is difficult to achieve twice in one day. Having a civil conversation with your mother without her bringing up your ex or unfinished college degree is difficult to experience twice in one day. And despite it being a busy Saturday afternoon and her age suggesting she calls her grandkids by her long dead pets' names, getting free samples of Colby jack cheese cubes from the same latex-clad, salty Homeland employee is surprisingly difficult to do twice in one day. But something that apparently is surprisingly easy to achieve twice in one day is getting arrested.
McLOUD, Okla. – A man was arrested for a second time early Wednesday morning after escaping a moving patrol car following a standoff with police.
It happened around three a.m. Wednesday near I-40 and McLoud Road.
When 34-year-old Roy Roberts wouldn't come out of the vehicle, it led to a brief standoff until the suspect surrendered to officers.
Well that sure seems anticlimactic. I am sure that even though the boys and girls at McLoud PD had a little action with the standoff, they probably thought they had an easy open/shut case and booked Roberts smoothly. But little did the officers know that they were dealing with a real cold-blooded criminal.
However, it didn't end there. After that, Roberts gave authorities from several law enforcement agencies quite the run around.
"They were transporting him to the Pott. County Safety Center when the suspect was able to slip the cuffs from behind him in front of him, managed to get the window down in the patrol car and bailed out of the patrol car," Chief Elliott said.
According to police, after escaping the moving vehicle, Roberts ran through a wooded area to a nearby Love's, went inside and hid in a cooler.
Police arrived a short time later and took Roberts into custody again. This time, the patrol car made it to the Pottawatomie County Safety Center with the suspect still inside, following his unusual escape hours earlier.
I have a few questions about his scenario.
1. How did Roberts make his great escape through the window of a moving cop car? Was the transporting officer be-bopping down McLoud Main drag with the car windows cracked and blasting Kid Rock's greatest hits too loudly to notice Roberts' shenanigans?
2. I've never attempted to dodge the cops, but wouldn't the glass door of the Love's cooler be a terrible place to hide behind?
3. How did they come to find Roberts chillin in the cooler? There's a giant plot hole here and I feel like we pay enough law enforcement-funding taxes to deserve the rest of this story.
Guess he went from one cooler to another.
Such a shock. Usually neck tattoos indicate outstanding character.
3. Was the initial infraction actually "driving a suspicious vehicle" and "carrying a weapon"? I thought both of these inalienable rights were jealously guarded and protected by our glorious state laws. By God and by rights, every one of us Oklahomans has the right to be suspicious ourselves and of one another while carrying lethal weapons without permits. Have they heard of the constitution in McCloud, or have they succeeded the union?
Thank you for the much-needed chuckle today "Marc with a C"!
I have questions. What about this, "…latex-clad, salty Homeland employee…"?
Pictures? Nomination for the next TLO bracket.


text:
Q: How do you use Spring RestDocs to document the fields of WebFlux responses? I have an API that serves up responses as Flux and Mono which in turn provides a JSON payload as a Server Send Event.
I am also using Spring RestDocs to document the contents of that payload. These are generated in a WebFluxTest and an
I am able to generate a simple ResponseBody snippet using PayloadDocumentation.responseBody(), but when I try to describe the fields using field descriptors...
@WebFluxTest
@AutoConfigureRestDocs
@ContextConfiguration(classes = ArticleHandler.class)
class HandlerTest {
...

    @Test
    void testGetArticle() {
        webClient.get()
                .uri("/articles/{id}", "article-id")
                .exchange()
                .expectStatus().isOk().expectBody().consumeWith(
                        document("article", PayloadDocumentation.responseFields(fieldWithPath("id")
                        .type(JsonFieldType.STRING)
                        .description("Unique ID for blog article")));
    }
}

I get the following failing test:
[Fatal Error] :1:1: Content is not allowed in prolog.

Cannot handle text/event-stream;charset=UTF-8 content as it could not be parsed as JSON or XML
org.springframework.restdocs.payload.PayloadHandlingException: Cannot handle text/event-stream;charset=UTF-8 content as it could not be parsed as JSON or XML
    at org.springframework.restdocs.payload.ContentHandler.forContentWithDescriptors(ContentHandler.java:69)
    at org.springframework.restdocs.payload.AbstractFieldsSnippet.createModel(AbstractFieldsSnippet.java:157)
    at org.springframework.restdocs.snippet.TemplatedSnippet.document(TemplatedSnippet.java:78)
    at org.springframework.restdocs.generate.RestDocumentationGenerator.handle(RestDocumentationGenerator.java:191)
    at org.springframework.restdocs.webtestclient.WebTestClientRestDocumentation.lambda$document$0(WebTestClientRestDocumentation.java:77)
    at org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.DefaultWebTestClient$DefaultBodyContentSpec.lambda$consumeWith$3(DefaultWebTestClient.java:564)
    at org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.ExchangeResult.assertWithDiagnostics(ExchangeResult.java:206)
    at org.springframework.test.web.reactive.server.DefaultWebTestClient$DefaultBodyContentSpec.consumeWith(DefaultWebTestClient.java:564)
    at com.project.blog.article.HandlerTest.testGetArticle(HandlerTest.java:62)

Are there any way that I can document the objects emitted in my text/event-stream payload?

A: Edit: For reference, here is the full class in "action": https://github.com/michael-simons/neo4j-from-the-jvm-ecosystem/blob/master/tck/src/test/java/org/neo4j/examples/jvm/tck/TckTest.java#L221-L257
I followed Andy's advice and implemented a preprocessor like this:
import static org.springframework.restdocs.operation.preprocess.Preprocessors.preprocessResponse;
import static org.springframework.restdocs.payload.PayloadDocumentation.fieldWithPath;
import static org.springframework.restdocs.payload.PayloadDocumentation.requestFields;
import static org.springframework.restdocs.payload.PayloadDocumentation.responseFields;

import org.springframework.restdocs.operation.preprocess.ContentModifyingOperationPreprocessor;

class Whatever {

    @Test
    @DisplayName("GET /api/movies")
    void verifyGetListOfMovies(@Autowired WebTestClient webclient) {

        var movies = webclient.get().uri("/movies")
            .exchange()
            .expectStatus().isOk()
            .expectHeader().value(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE,
                s -> {
                    var mediaType = MediaType.parseMediaType(s);
                    var compatibleMediaTypeReturned = mediaType.isCompatibleWith(MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM) ||
                                                      mediaType.isCompatibleWith(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
                    assertThat(compatibleMediaTypeReturned).isTrue();
                })
            .expectBodyList(Movie.class)
            .consumeWith(document("movies", preprocessResponse(new ContentModifyingOperationPreprocessor(
                    (bytes, mediaType) -> {
                        var result = new StringBuilder().append("[");
                        try (var scanner = new Scanner(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes), mediaType.getCharset()).useDelimiter("(\r?\n){2}")) {
                            while (scanner.hasNext()) {
                                String statement = scanner.next().trim().replaceAll("^data: *", "").trim();
                                if (statement.isEmpty()) {
                                    continue;
                                }
                                result.append(statement).append(",");
                            }
                        }
                        result.replace(result.length() - 1, result.length(), "]");
                        return result.toString().getBytes(mediaType.getCharset());
                    })
            ), responseFields(
                fieldWithPath("born").description("The year in which the person was born."),
                fieldWithPath("name").description("The name of the person."),
                fieldWithPath("id").description("The neo4j internal id."))
            ))
            .returnResult()
            .getResponseBody();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Journalists across various media houses gathered in Lagos to learn the rudiments of election reporting. The training titled ELECTIONS FROM A DRONE VIEW, was organized by MEDRIVE, a media hub focused on impact journalism. Wemimo Adewuni, the Breakfast show anchor on Nigeria's leading news Radio station Nigeria Info FM, and founder of MEDRIVE expressed satisfaction on the outcome of the training and it's impact on the quality of reporting expected of professional journalists.
Speaking during his session, Allwell Okpi, Researcher and Community Manager, Africa Check; gave tips on how to fact check claims, especially those made by politicians, and candidate of various political parties in a bid to win votes. According to him, media practitioners owe a responsibility to the nation to check the authenticity of such claims, rather than being in a hurry to share them.
Mentioning some of the claims Africa Check had found as untrue, Mr Okpi showed the participants how to use Google Reverse Image as well as other tools to validate photos, videos and data. He explained that journalists must check the source of any claim or data, as sites like Wikipedia cannot be quoted as accurate sources. This is because Wikipedia is subject to contributions of individuals who are not necessarily experts.
During the training by MEDRIVE, participants who were drawn from Oyo, Ekiti and Lagos States, also were shown safety tips while covering elections in restive zones. Mr Uzonna Ononye, Head News Silverbird Television, in his session tagged STAYING SAFE WHILE REPORTING ELECTIONS, encouraged reporters to dress comfortably, lightly; and carry some water and a small towel in the case that the police uses teargas in ensuring peace and stability.
Mrs Fortune Mbamalu from the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), spoke on GUIDELINES FOR ELECTION REPORTING. She emphasized that only the Resident Electoral Commissioner had the rights to declare the result of elections. Also speaking on INCLUSIVITY REPORTING- FOCUS ON PEOPLE LIVING WITH DISABILITIES, Sharon Okotie, Programme Coordinator, Association for the Blind, Nigeria emphasized on the need for journalists to report issues of disabilities without prejudice and proferring solutions to such issues. She decried the many stories and reports projecting people living with disabilities as pitiable; while encouraging the Independent National Electoral Commission to speed up the use of technology to allow PWD participate in elections; such as was explored during the Osun Elections.
Expressing their excitement at learning such important working tools, the participants who were drawn from print, radio, TV and online platforms, promised to report the 2019 elections fairly and thoroughly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development containing 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) the world's states are committed to achieve until 2030.
Already in 1987 the Brundtland report stated: "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." In the years to come, the discussion about the term sustainability lead to the definition of three main pillars of sustainability.
Adopting the 2030 Agenda, all states committed themselves to align their policies with the objectives for a sustainable development. In contrast to the Millenium Development Goals, the 2030 agenda applies for all states not only for low- and middle-income countries in the Global South. Thus, Germany is a developing country.
The 2030 agenda lists 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including 169 targets. The quantity of goals and targets indictes the complexity behind the agenda which is the result of years of discussion all over the world.
Tobacco is a good example to show the interlinkages between the different goals.
Tobacco use is the single most preventable risk factor for non communicable diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, cancer and diabetes. Worldwide 7 million people die due to tobacco use every year.
The most important instrument of implementation for goal 3 is the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC).
Tobacco use is costly. Expenses on tobacco hit particularly the poorer parts of the population, in high-income countries as well as in countries of the Global South. In 2015, poor households in Indonesia used about 7,5% of their household expenses for cigarettes, just as much as for housing. In contrast, they only spent 1,8% of their expenses on education.
More than 17 million people around the world are working in tobacco growing – primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Many smallholder farmers have difficulties in making a living from tobacco growing.
Furthermore, tobacco growing directly competes with food farming in many countries. In six of the top ten tobacco growing countries a significant share of the population is undernourished. More than ten million people could be fed, if food crops were grown instead of tobacco in these countries.
Revitalising the global partnership is a comprehensive goal and in case of tobacco it contains some pitfalls.
SDG 17: International cooperation between governments, civil society and the private economy for the provision of fi nancial resources, for knowledge sharing and for systemic changes.
The undifferentiated pursuit of targets like the increase of exports (17.11) or the expansion of duty-free markets (17.12) would be counterproductive regarding tobacco, because tobacco kills half of its consumers when used as intended.
But the goal's core – revitalising the global partnership – is of highest importance for tobacco control. Since the adoption of the WHO FCTC, ten years of practised global partnership, particularly the international exchange of knowledge, experiences and technologies, have effected great progress towards reducing tobacco use.
A particularly successful global partnership for tobacco control was active during the investor-state-dispute between Uruguay and Philip Morris International.
Worldwide, the proportion of smokers is highest in parts of the population with low socio-economic status. That means, education is one of the factors influencing smoking behaviour. This applies to low- and middle-income as well as for high-income countries.
Money spent on tobacco products is not available to pay for other needs. This is especially evident in low- and middle-income countries and reveals an intergenerational conflict: the addiction of the parents adversely affects the future opportunities of their children.
In tobacco growing countries children often work on tobacco fields, because smallholder farming families are economically dependent on multinational corporations. For children, tobacco growing is especially dangerous and impacts strongly on the children's rights to education and leisure. At the same time, good education is needed to break the cycle of poverty and the dependence of farming families on tobacco companies.
The tobacco world market is complex and involves many players. The impact of tobacco cultivation and the use of tobacco products is diverse. For tobacco, fair trade is not an option due to its devastating impact on people's health.
Thus we use tobacco as an example in our education programme on sustainable development and simultaneously promote tobacco and smoking prevention.
The health consequences of secondhand smoke cause the death of 886,000 people every year. Nearly half of them, i.e. 433,000 people die because they were exposed to secondhand smoke at work. This number equals about 20% of all deaths worldwide caused by occupational diseases and injuries. Therefore, smokefree workplaces are an important contribution of tobacco control to achieve SDG 3.4 (30% reduction in premature deaths due to NCDs) and 8.8 (decent working conditions for all).
Worldwide, more than 17 million people are working in tobacco cultivation, primarily in low- and middle-income countries where labour standards are often low. Tobacco growing is shaped by intensive use of chemicals. Therefore, occupational injuries like poisonings are prevalent.
Additionally, the tobacco plant contains the neurotoxin nicotine causing an acute nicotine poisoning, known as Green Tobacco Sickness. In this context the widespread child labour on tobacco field is particularly alarming.
This year, we will continue to explore and explain the links between SDG 3 (health) and the SDGs 14 (protection of oceans) and 15 (protection of forests). We will present our expertise and knowledge on this page.
These short case studies take a closer look at alternatives to tobacco growing. Are they economically viable? Are they ecologically justifiable? Do they contribute to more social justice?


Becoming a mum is amazing – but it can also get lonely sometimes!
We're working with @coopuk and @homestartuk so young mums can get the support they need.
Would you know how to spot it?
Visit https://t.co/PKe4wMdzvU for more information.


text:
e-Newsletters > NewsBreaks
Elsevier Creates Social Spaces for Researchers
by Paula J. Hane
Virtual communities and online social networking sites are clearly providing a powerful and extremely popular medium for human connections. In a new report, independent market analyst Datamonitor (www.datamonitor.com) said it expects global active memberships in social networking sites to reach 230 million at the end of 2007. Most of the recent media coverage and market interest have focused on the very large, generalist social networking platforms like MySpace and Facebook. (See last week's NewsBreak assessing their platform computing developments at http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/nbReader.asp?ArticleId=39928.) Last week, Microsoft invested $240 million in Facebook for a 1.6 percent stake, which values the company at $15 billion. This week, Google and an alliance of companies said it would introduce standards for writing applications for social networks.
But there are numerous specialized and niche options for making connections. And, more importantly, we're starting to see some interesting projects emerge that provide Web 2.0 approaches for serious research applications.
Elsevier said that its newest social networking initiatives are designed to support academic library communities and their researchers with advanced "Research 2.0" tools. Two new resources—still in beta release—from the STM publisher create social spaces in which researchers can work together. These new tools offer platforms for shared knowledge to be leveraged for information discovery and evaluation.
2collab, an online platform for scientific collaboration, supports researchers by working as a community to filter information and enhance information literacy. Scirus Topic Pages is a Wiki-like online resource for the scientific community that provides authoritative summaries of specialized research areas and offers a platform to facilitate scholarly debate.
Hilda Nassar, medical librarian at American University of Beirut, said: "It is important for publishers, librarians, and researchers to work together to develop tools that serve the needs of the scientific community. Librarians need to stay informed of the latest developments to be able to guide and educate their users. Librarians have effectively become teachers; we are no longer just custodians of books and journals."
For Scirus Topic Pages, experts create topic-centered pages with links to journal and Web scientific content. It's designed to provide a way for researchers and anyone interested in a topic to discover the most relevant scientific literature as recommended by expert authors. Sample pages are available at http://topics.scirus.com.
For information about the debut of Scirus Topic Pages, see the NewsBreak from late June (http://newsbreaks.infotoday.com/nbReader.asp?ArticleId=36744). Stephen Cawley, the marketing manager for Scirus, said the projected launch for Topic Pages is 2Q 2008. Cawley said that since June, Scirus has provided a new user interface based on user feedback. The Scirus team is also working to develop a formal structured policy for involving experts in the Topic Pages. "We're learning as we go, taking our time to deliver the best service we can."
Brant Emery, marketing manager of 2collab (www.2collab.com), said that networking is just one element of the new Web 2.0 tool—it's really about collaboration. "What takes place in the offline world can now take place in the online world—we're building on what's already there."
Emery said that Elsevier's Scopus and Science Direct teams wanted to provide researchers with an aggregated tool that provided best-of-breed applications that would let them connect with others in their fields, share information with their groups, discover new research material, and collaborate without email. Users can bookmark any item of interest, such as Web sites, articles, references, news, blogs, and share with a group—whether it's a research group, colleagues, friends, or students. Members of groups can evaluate these resources (by rating bookmarks, tagging, and adding comments) or add their own bookmarks. Groups can be private (with invited people only) or public (open to wider use by the scientific community). Users can browse and search through 2collab to find interesting new topics, research ideas, or new people.
2collab was developed in conjunction with Elsevier's usability labs and its development partners, which included 37 research organizations. Emery said the product will officially launch at the end of November. The development team is working now on a new user interface and will work to introduce more tools for evaluating information, and additional features for the personal profiles.
"Research tools, like 2collab and Scirus Topic Pages, can help librarians guide their users towards further scientific discovery and collaboration within their fields," said Jay Katzen, managing director of academic and government products at Elsevier. "By developing these types of applications now, we are sharing our expertise with customers, advancing the cause of information literacy, and bringing Research 2.0 tools to a wider audience."
Paula J. Hane is a freelance writer and editor covering the library and information industries. She was formerly Information Today, Inc.'s news bureau chief and editor of NewsBreaks.
9/2/2010 Free Collaborative Learning Tools for Science—Spotlight on Scitable
4/18/2011 Elsevier Discontinuing 2collab Service
Posted By PAULA HANE11/27/2007 4:32:08 PM
Nov 27 UPDATE: Elsevier announced today the official launch of 2collab with a new user interface. It offers some improved search functionality as well.
And, from the 2collab blog (http://blog.2collab.com):
"Next to this new interface, we will launch also an API for the 'techies' amongst us at the end of this week. This allows you to integrate 2collab in other online tools or develop your own 'mash-up' or script to work with 2collab. Let us know if you've created something and we share your creation with other 2collab if you like."
For a review of 2collab, see Richard Akerman's blog post at: http://scilib.typepad.com/science_library_pad/2007/11/elseviers-2coll.html.


text:
Agina Answers
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Kokum (scientific name Garicinia Indica) is a tropical fruit and has its origins in India. Its found in abundance in Konkan region of Maharashtra and in Goa. Its used in everyday cooking in India's Konkan region. Kokum is black to deep purple colored. The skin of the fruit is dried, preserved with salt and sold as kokum.


The first thing to do is determine if your Switch is vulnerable to fusee-gelee, the exploit we will be using to launch CFW.
This vulnerability was independently discovered by several different Switch hacking teams, and multiple variants of it were released to the public in April 2018 after a 90-day disclosure period ended. Nintendo and NVIDIA were made aware of the issue before the public release as a result, and Switch systems that are not vulnerable to the exploit started being spotted in the wild in July 2018. NVIDIA publicly acknowledged the flaw in April as well.
Patched units can be identified by their serial number. This number can be found on the bottom of your Switch adjacent to the USB-C port, or in the Settings applet at System -> Serial Information.
The homebrew community has crowdsourced a list of known serial numbers which are vulnerable to fusee-gelee.
If your serial number is on this list as "potentially patched", follow the guide and see if your system works.
If your serial number is listed as "patched", there is nothing you can do at this time.
If your system is patched, it is highly advised to keep it on 7.0.1 or lower, if possible, as there may be a vulnerability for these versions in the far future. DO NOT update patched consoles past 7.0.1 if you want to ever have a chance of running homebrew and/or CFW on them.
If you are unsure if your serial is patched, you can test your console yourself following the instructions here.
The following information is based on this GBATemp thread.
These units are refurbished units provided by Nintendo. No information is known yet, but they are potentially patched.
No information is known yet- you are encouraged to continue with the guide and report on the GBATemp thread if the guide worked, along with the first few digits of your serial number.
Before setting up the console for homebrew, it is important to have at least one eShop game, application (such as Youtube or Hulu), or a game demo such as 10 Second Run RETURNS. A game cartridge will also work, but note that the cartridge will have to be inserted in order to run homebrew if you wish to go this route. Once you have a game or application, you are prepared to continue on with the guide.


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1 Post By lorrie
Thread: Full Event: Wikileaks/Assange Hold Press Conference (10/4/16) Wikileaks Press Confere
lorrie
Redondo Beach, California
Full Event: Wikileaks/Assange Hold Press Conference (10/4/16) Wikileaks Press Confere
WikiLeaks' Assange signals release of documents before U.S. election
Tue Oct 4, 2016 | 11:25am EDT
WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange said on Tuesday the group would publish about one million documents related to the U.S. election and three governments in coming weeks, but denied the release was aimed at damaging Hillary Clinton.
Assange, speaking via a video link, said the documents would be released before the end of the year, starting with an initial batch in the coming week.
Assange, 45, who remains at the Ecuadoran embassy in London where he sought refuge in 2012 to avoid possible extradition to Sweden, said the election material was "significant" and would come out before the Nov. 8 U.S. presidential election.
He criticized Clinton, the Democratic presidential candidate, for demonizing his WikiLeaks group's work after a spate of releases related to the Democratic National Committee before the Democratic political convention this summer.
Assange said her campaign had falsely suggested that accessing WikiLeaks data would expose users to malicious software.
But he denied the release of documents relating to the U.S. election was specifically aimed at damaging Clinton, saying he had been misquoted.
"The material that WikiLeaks is going to publish before the end of the year is of ... a very significant moment in different directions, affecting three powerful organizations in three different states as well as ... the U.S election process," he said via a video link at an event marking the group's 10th anniversary.
He said the material would focus on war, weapons, oil, mass surveillance, the technology giant Google and the U.S. election, but declined to give any details.
"There has been a misquoting of me and Wikileaks publications ... (suggesting) we intend to harm Hillary Clinton or I intend to harm Hillary Clinton or that I don't like Hillary Clinton. All those are false," he said.
Assange had told Fox News in an interview conducted by satellite in August that the group would release significant information related to Clinton's campaign.
Assange also signaled changes in the way WikiLeaks is organized and funded, saying the group would soon open itself to membership. He said the group was looking to expand its media ties beyond the 100 outlets it already works with.
He told journalists gathered at a Berlin theater that the group's work would continue, even if he had to resign in the future, and he appealed to supporters to fund its work. He also held up copies of several forthcoming books.
Assange and his attorney said Britain's vote to leave the European Union could complicate his situation by limiting his ability to appeal to the European Court of Justice or the Council of Europe, a European human rights body.
Asked how he felt after four years in the embassy, he said "pale" and joked he would be a good candidate for medical study since he was otherwise healthy but had not seen the sun in over four years.
Assange is wanted in Sweden for questioning about allegations that he committed rape in 2010. He denies the charges, and says he fears subsequent extradition to the United States, where a criminal investigation into the activities of WikiLeaks is underway.
In 2010, WikiLeaks released more than 90,000 secret documents on the U.S.-led military campaign in Afghanistan, followed by almost 400,000 U.S. military reports detailing operations in Iraq. Those disclosures were followed by the release of millions of diplomatic cables dating back to 1973.
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-ec...-idUSKCN1240UG
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Trump backers realize they've been played as WikiLeaks fails to deliver Oct. surprise
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WikiLeaks to Publish More Hillary Clinton Emails - Assange
By European Knight in forum General Discussion
FULL: Donald Trump & Mike Pence Hold Press Event Thanking RNC Volunteers (7-22-16)
By Newmexican in forum General Discussion
WikiLeaks founder Assange can be extradited to Sweden in sex case
By JohnDoe2 in forum Other Topics News and Issues
Assange and Wikileaks, Key CIA Tools to Dupe Youth Bulge
By AirborneSapper7 in forum Other Topics News and Issues
WikiLeaks' Julian Assange: Has US already indicted him
wikileaks press conference


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Q: PHP - CURL strange behaviour while setting headers I have written a function in PHP to send a CURl request.
The code is given below.
function curl_post($url,$fields,$headers=[],$connect_timeout = 3,$timeout =  20) {
    $ch = curl_init();
    $postvars = '';
    foreach($fields as $key=>$value) {
        $postvars .= $key . "=" . $value . "&";
    }

    $postvars = trim($postvars,'&');
    $postvars = json_encode($fields);

    curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$url);
    curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POST, 1);                //0 for a get request
    curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$postvars);
    curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT ,$connect_timeout);

    curl_setopt($ch,$timeout, 20);
    $refined_headers = [];
    if(sizeof($headers)) {
        foreach($headers as $name => $value) {
            $refined_headers[] = "'".$name.": ".$value."'";
        }

        print_r($refined_headers);
        //$refined_headers = ['Content-Type: application/json'];
        //echo $refined_headers;exit;
        curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER,$refined_headers);

    }
    $response = curl_exec($ch);

    $info = curl_getinfo($ch,CURLINFO_CONTENT_TYPE);
    print_r($info);
    curl_close ($ch);
    return $response;
}

So I called the function like this
$url = API_ENDPOINT.$method.'/';

$response = curl_post($url,$params_to_send,$headers);
echo $response;

where $url contains my API url and $params contain the parameters as associative array and $headers as follows
$headers = ['Content-Type'=>'application/json'];

My problem is that, the content type header is setting. But when I manually set it inside the curl_post function like
$refined_headers = ['Content-Type: application/json']

it is working perfectly.
What is the problem with my code.

A: Fixed the issue. The problem was
I put two single quotes before and after the header, which was not needed
$refined_headers[] = "'".$name.": ".$value."'";

I changed that to the following and the issueis resolved.
$refined_headers[] = $name.": ".$value;


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Thomas Campi
Thomas Campi p2
By Simon Sandall ⋅ October 3, 2019 ⋅ Post a comment
READERSVOICE.COM aims to collect a few interesting reading tips. This issue features some creative artists from the recent OZ Comic Con in Brisbane. Thomas Campi is an artist and illustrator of comics. And some of the creators behind the new slasher movie The Furies also mention some favorite books.
Thomas Campi, from Ferrara, in Northern Italy, and now based in Sydney, sat at one of the artists' tables at the Oz Comic Con in Brisbane recently. He was doing some high quality black watercolor sketches of characters in an A4 pad. On the table were copies of his books, including Macaroni!, Nocturne, and The Joe Shuster Story, The Artist Behind Superman. Mr Campi illustrated The Joe Shuster Story, which was written by Julian Voloj, based on research into Joe Shuster's and Jerry Siegel's lives, including anecdotes people have told, interviews and historic records.
The artist's life story is told in the first person, through the eyes of the character Joe Shuster. Mr Campi said he increased the detail in the illustrations as the story approached the present. This is to match the more precise memories the character has, as they approach the present.
The book cost $29, after Mr Campi did a quick currency conversion calculation from the US price. It's a colourful and beautifully illustrated book about Joe Shuster and Jerry Siegel who met in 1931, and went on to create Superman. Unfortunately, they sold the rights to Superman, in 1938. The character appeared in Action Comics and it made a fortune for the publishers. The comic strip was syndicated in newspapers in 1939, with millions of readers. But the two friends didn't do so well out of the deal. Shuster and Siegel tried to regain the rights to the character, but they never succeeded. The publishers are portrayed as being somewhat exploitative. They patronise Shuster and Siegel, calling them the two boychiks from Cleveland, and not in an endearing sense.
The story opens with Joe Shuster on a Queens, New York, park bench in 1975. He's starving and cold and a police officer buys him some soup. The police officer is astonished when Joe Shuster says he was the co-creator of Superman. He draws some Superman pictures for the police officer and some kids. This was based on a real event.
-continued next page
-copyright Readersvoice.com


Roger Huntington Sessions (December 28, 1896 – March 16, 1985) was an American composer, critic, and teacher of music.
Sessions was born in Brooklyn, New York, to a family that could trace its roots back to the American revolution. His mother, Ruth Huntington Sessions, was a direct descendent of Samuel Huntington, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Roger studied music at Harvard University from the age of 14. There he wrote for and subsequently edited the Harvard Musical Review. Graduating at age 18, he went on to study at Yale University under Horatio Parker and Ernest Bloch before teaching at Smith College. With the exception, mostly, of his incidental music to the play The Black Maskers, composed in part in Cleveland in 1923, his first major compositions came while he was traveling Europe with his wife in his mid-twenties and early thirties.
Returning to the United States in 1933, he taught first at Princeton University (from 1936), moved to the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught from 1945 to 1953, and then returned to Princeton until retiring in 1965. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1961. He was appointed Bloch Professor at Berkeley (1966–67), and gave the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures at Harvard University in 1968–69. He continued to teach on a part-time basis at the Juilliard School from 1966 until 1983.
"The more one studies these scores, the more indisputable one finds their evidences of authentic genius, and the more captivated one remains."
"What we ask of music, first and last, is that it communicate experience - experience of all kinds, vital and profound at its greatest, amusing or entertaining at another level."
"I have sometimes been told that my music is 'difficult' for the listener."
"But communication is two-sided - vital and profound communication makes demands also on those who are to receive it... demands in the sense of concentration, of genuine effort to receive what is being communicated."
"For my part I regard it as, in itself, neither one or the other... it is the way the music comes, the way it has to come."
"Composers are doers of deeds."


** Biotech company Abcam said a 270 million pound ($368 million) takeover approach to British firm Horizon Discovery had been rebuffed, adding it was going public to try to force Horizon's management to open talks.
** McDermott International shareholders approved a merger with Chicago Bridge & Iron Co that creates a vertically integrated onshore and offshore engineering and construction company, thwarting an attempt by offshore drilling contractor Subsea 7 to block the deal.
** Buyout firm Apollo Global Management LLC has approached Xerox Corp to express interest in a possible acquisition, casting new uncertainty over the latter's sale to Japan's Fujifilm Holdings, people familiar with the matter said on Wednesday.
** Amazon.com Inc has made a formal offer to buy a 60 percent stake in Flipkart IPO-FLPK.N, CNBC-TV18 reported on Wednesday, threatening to complicate Walmart Inc's bid to buy a majority stake in the Indian online retailer.
** Buyout firm Apollo Global Management LLC APO.N has approached Xerox Corp XRX.N to express interest in a possible acquisition, casting new uncertainty over the latter's sale to Japan's Fujifilm Holdings 4901.T, people familiar with the matter said on Wednesday.
** U.S. aerospace and industrial company United Technologies Corp is set to win EU antitrust approval for the largest aerospace deal in history - a $23 billion bid for avionics maker Rockwell Collins, people familiar with the matter said.
** U.S. aircraft parts maker Spirit AeroSystems Holdings Inc posted a lower-than-expected profit, and said it was spending $650 million to buy European peer Asco Industries NV to boost sales to Airbus Group SE.
** Amazon.com Inc has made a formal offer to buy a 60 percent stake in Indian online retailer Flipkart IPO-FLPK.N, CNBC-TV18 reported, citing sources.
** Nokia is planning to sell its small digital health business, including activity trackers and smartwatches, to Eric Carreel, co-founder of Withings, the Finnish company said.
** Xerox Corp said its CEO and most of its board will step down to settle a suit brought by shareholders Carl Icahn and Darwin Deason, with new management planning to look at restructuring or terminating a contentious deal with Fujifilm Holdings.
** China's HNA Group is selling a real-estate focused unit for 2.9 billion yuan ($456.08 million), the firm said in a regulatory filing, amid a broader sell down by the debt-laden conglomerate as it looks to raise funds.


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Fashion+Tech Showcase 2016
Immigrant Heritage Month Spotlight: Designer Victor Barragán
by Fashion Innovation Alliance | Jun 26, 2019 | Fashion+Tech Updates |
Designer and global Latinx influencer Victor Barragán launched BARRAGAN in 2014 — an underground fashion label that plays with gender and identity politics through clothing, while pushing boundaries and questioning established narratives and norms. BARRAGAN's designs include experimental collaborations, luxury and lifestyle items.
Victor Barragán was born in Mexico City and he moved to New York City in 2014 to pursue his dreams of becoming a fashion designer. After studying industrial design at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) in Mexico City, Barragán started the fashion label YtinifninfinitY— which quickly gained a cult following amongst the millennial net community.
Barragán was recently named as a finalist for the 2019 CFDA/Vogue Fashion Fund, and his work has been featured in numerous print and online magazines, including Dazed, Paper Magazine, Fashionista and Vogue.
We invite you to read more about Victor Barragán and the BARRAGAN brand here.
Photo Credit: BARRAGAN
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© 2019 FASHION INNOVATION ALLIANCE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
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On Friday, Downton Abbey had a plastic water bottle stand out in their publicity picture for their fifth season.
Lord Grantham and Lady Edith had the bottle behind them, and it created an embarrassing image. The picture has since been removed.
Today, on Michelle Dockery's Instagram, a different water bottle photo was shared. The cast made fun of the incident but also managed to turn it into a good cause.
With this shot, the caption reads, "To support @WaterAid text WATER to 70007 to donate £3 #WH2Oops and go to bit.ly/wH2oopsDA."
On the WaterAid link that Michelle shares, the Chief Executive of WaterAid thanks the cast and producers, saying, "It brought a really big smile to my face when the cast of Downton Abbey said that they wanted to support WaterAid's work. How fantastic that the attention created over one water bottle ends up benefiting some of the world's poorest communities through access to safe, clean water today."
Downton Abbey will return to PBS on Jan. 4, 2015.
For all of you Downton Abbey fans, take a look at when the dashing Julian Ovenden first made his debut on the show in our video below.


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The Himalayan Times > Nepal > Acute water crisis in Bhojpur Municipality
Acute water crisis in Bhojpur Municipality
Published: March 12, 2016 1:36 am On: Nepal
Bhojpur, March 11
Residents of Bhojpur Municipality and its adjoining areas have been reeling under acute shortage of water of late.
The water crunch has been attributed to the long drought.
Local residents started facing water crisis as the local water sources went dry due to the long drought, while demand for water has been ever increasing, said Nabin Pradhan, Chairman of Silichung Drinking Water Main Consumers' Committee.
"The demand for water increased as houses damaged in the earthquakes last year are being reconstructed," he said.
Krishna Maya Tamang, treasurer of the consumers' committee, said the locals had to face water crunch after the water pipes were buried and disconnected at different places due to the use of excavators to bring down quake-damaged houses.
The area has been receiving water supply for only two hours a day of late, which hardly meets the demand.
Silichung Drinking Water and Sanitation Main Consumers' Committee Bhojpur attributed the water shortage to the prolonged drought, growing urbanisation and population growth, among others reasons.
The committee has been supplying water to as many as 1,326 households of Bhojpur Municipality.
A version of this article appears in print on March 12, 2016 of The Himalayan Times.


Some nights you feel like grabbing a drink in a bright and lively bar, while others you may want to slide into a booth and enjoy a cocktail and conversation. And other nights call for whiskey in front of the fireplace. If you happen to be in Copenhagen, Lidkoeb is perfect for all three moods.
Rasmus and Adeline Shepard-Longborg, who also own sister bars Ruby and Brønnum, added Lidkoeb to their cocktail empire six years ago. The three-story bar in the trendy Vesterbro district is set in a house built in 1886 by pharmacist H.P. Madsen. The building housed a production facility for the Vesterbro pharmacy for over 100 years, but it had become abandoned once the facility shut down in the 1980s. When Rasmus spotted it in 2010, he saw the potential to revive the property and offer cures of a nonprescription sort.
Lidkoeb was built from the ground up — starting with the bright main bar on the ground level. "It has a real Scandinavian feel with a lot of natural light, which is not always common in cocktail bars," says general manager Colin Edie. Once the main bar was bustling, they moved on, or up, to the second floor, where the space is outfitted with large cozy booths and vintage portraits. The last addition was the top floor whiskey bar. "It is just a special place, particularly in winter, when there is snow outside and you are by the fire with a nice dram," he says. "It is hard to beat."
The first two levels focus on cocktails and have a livelier atmosphere. On Saturday nights, the second floor bar turns into a party as DJs play. The top floor feels like an escape from the city, where you can curl up on a Chesterfield sofa amid warm woods and exposed brick. No matter your taste in cocktails — or design — Lidkoeb has a space for your perfect night out.
The first floor has a sunny, Scandinavian aesthetic. White industrial-style pendant lights hang above the long oak bar.
Large arched windows flood the space with light. The booths were kept low so the bar feels more open and convivial.
Black and white tiles create a geometric pattern that lines the storage area behind the bar. The menu features twists on classic cocktails such as dry martinis and daiquiris along with inventive drinks, including a boozy shake with peanut butter fat-washed bourbon.
The moody staircase leads from the ground floor bar to the spaces above, which are open on Fridays and Saturdays.
Smoky gray walls display vintage portraits in the second floor bar, which is decorated with worn wooden tables and leather-clad booths.
"The bar is really beautiful and quite unique," says Edie. "The Danish cocktail scene was still relatively young at the time despite the city being affluent, so I could see there was a real potential to make a lasting impact."
The names of famous Danes, such as artist Knud Hvidberg, adorn the chairs. "We believe details are incredibly important," says Edie. "We try not to scrimp on design."
"You feel a real warmth from the room," says Edie of the third floor whiskey bar. The exposed brick and ceiling beams add to the intimate atmosphere.
"You are also surrounded by a couple of hundred whiskeys, so if that is what you are into, it really is a Charlie and the Chocolate Factory feel," says Edie. Vintage leather sofas are topped with cozy throws; tabletop candles add soft light and warmth.
The team took particular care when designing the restrooms. "When it comes to cocktail bars, I think the toilets are often overlooked," Edie says. "I have been to so many beautiful bars that have dreadful toilets, which is a shame. We were certainly determined not to fall into this category."


Generous mentors pave the way for a would-be startup staffer, one with a very positive attitude.
Extra reading and training could help you get ahead this season.
Entrepreneurs and soccer players may have different types of goals. But they can both get there in similar fashion.


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You Are Here: Home > 2021 Nissan Sentra
2021 Nissan Sentra for Sale in Warwick, RI
The Nissan Sentra has always been a no-nonsense car offering reliable transportation along with easy pricing. These days, its seventh-generation version delivers those same qualities, but its looks and standard equipment have been ramped up to the point where you'd expect it to carry a higher price tag. The 2021 Sentra looks flashy, has an upscale interior, and includes sought-after standard features, such as Android Auto and Apple CarPlay, which were just added to the list of standard equipment for this model year.
Nissan makes the front-wheel-drive 2021 Sentra in a trio of trims: the S, SV, and SR. Their powertrain is made up of a 149 horsepower 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine and a continuously variable transmission (CVT). According to the EPA, the '21 Sentra achieves 29 mpg in the city and 39 mpg on the highway, regardless of trim level.
Standard Features by Trim
As mentioned above, the base Sentra trim, the S, now gets standard smartphone integration with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. It also has automatic headlights, push-button start, power windows (with one-touch driver's-side auto up and down), keyless entry, a backup camera, a 4.2-inch digital gauge cluster, an auxiliary audio input jack, a USB data port, and a 60/40 split fold-down rear seatback. The SV adds remote start, heated exterior mirrors, automatic cabin temperature control with two zones, Nissan Intelligent Key (for locking and unlocking without the key fob in hand), a 7-inch-diagonal digital gauge display, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, a second USB data port, and a USB charging port. The SR is the top of the line, getting a sporty look (a rear spoiler, side sill extensions, and a chrome exhaust finisher) as well as a leather-wrapped shift knob, heated side mirrors with integrated turn-signal indicators, LED headlights and fog lights, and upgraded fabric seating surfaces with contrasting orange stitching.
A Premium Package is available for the two higher trims. The SV Premium Package includes quilted leather seats (heated in the front row), a power-sliding moonroof, 17-inch aluminum wheels with all-season tires, a power driver's seat with power lumbar support, and a leather-wrapped shift knob; the SR Premium Package also gets the heated front seats, moonroof, and power driver's seat, but it sweetens the deal with a heated steering wheel, thin-line project LED headlights, LED daytime running lights, Prima-Tex upholstery with orange contrast stitching, a Wi-Fi hotspot, a surround-view monitor, an auto-dimming rearview mirror, NissanConnect Services, sun visors with illuminated vanity mirrors, and a Bose sound system with eight speakers.
Safety and Technology
Nissan understands drivers' need for the latest technology for entertainment, information, and communication, and so they pack even the base trim with features. The 7-inch infotainment system in the S comes with voice recognition, smartphone integration, Bluetooth, and a four-speaker sound system. The two higher trims move up to an 8-inch screen and add SiriusXM Satellite Radio, and an additional pair of speakers.
Nissan Safety Shield 360 is standard on the 2021 Sentra, with the base trim getting automatic emergency braking with pedestrian detection, forward collision warning, lane departure warning, rear automatic braking, blind-spot warning, rear cross-traffic alert, a rear sonar system, high beam assist, and a driver alertness monitor. Adaptive cruise control is added to the two higher trims.


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'Little House on the Prairie': The Cast Member Who Taught Melissa Gilbert About Puberty
Kelsey Goeres
Melissa Gilbert hit puberty when she was starring in Little House on the Prairie. Her mother had never explained the facts of life, so the Laura actor relied on one of her castmates to fill her in.
Melissa Sue Anderson as Mary Ingalls, Lindsay/Sidney Greenbush as Carrie Ingalls, Melissa Gilbert as Laura Elizabeth Ingalls | NBCU Photo Bank/NBCUniversal via Getty Images via Getty Images
Melissa Gilbert's mother never taught her about puberty or the birds and the bees
In Gilbert's memoir, Prairie Tale, she dives into her relationship with her mother. She was "at the helm of everything, including my career, my food intake, and how I dressed–my whole life." But one area she wasn't so involved in was Gilbert's going through puberty.
"At ten, I'd found a box of tampons under the sink in her bathroom and when I asked what they were, she said they were for applying makeup," wrote the actor.
When Gilbert turned 14, she started to become curious about the birds and the bees. One day, while in the car, she asked her mother about how her sister was born.
Upon realizing what her daughter meant, Gilbert's mother said: "It was very lovely." And that was the end of the conversation.
Melissa Gilbert on Growing up alongside Melissa Sue Anderson on 'Little House on the Prairie'
While Gilbert and Melissa Sue Anderson played sisters on Little House on the Prairie, they were not close in real life. During the fourth season of the show, Gilbert felt that, all of a sudden, her co-star had grown up and left her in the dust.
RELATED: 'Little House on the Prairie': The Prank Michael Landon Would Play on the Women Who 'Came Out in Droves To Watch Him Work and To Swoon'
"She had really long fingernails (I bit mine ravenously), wore makeup, smoked cigarettes, and guzzled TaB," wrote Gilbert. "She was way beyond my league. Then when she began dating actor Lance Kerwin of James at 15 fame, forget it. She wasn't just out of my league. She was in a different universe. It was like all of a sudden she was grown up."
"After that, she dated Frank Sinatra Jr. But we never talked about any of that stuff," she continued.
Alison Arngrim taught Melissa Gilbert about puberty
Gilbert and Anderson were not close, but Gilbert and the actor who played Nellie Oleson, Alison Arngrim, were. They were best friends.
"Alison was my great source of information," wrote Gilbert. "She made sure I noticed her boobs on the day they popped out."
Then, a short time later, Oleson whispered to Gilbert that she had "a pillow between [her] legs." Gilbert, initially, didn't understand what her friend meant.
RELATED: How Little House on the Prairie's Melissa Gilbert Rebelled When She Turned 18
"In my defense, I knew what it meant to get your period; I'd just never heard of a maxipad," wrote Gilbert. "Luckily, Alison had provided a demo on tampons using a glass of water, given a lesson on hygiene, and demystified everything else by the time I got my period for the first time at fifteen.
"If she hadn't, imagine how surprised I would've been when I told my mom that I got my period and she handed me a box full of things she'd said were for putting on makeup."


Hashtags started as a way to link tweets to dynamic feeds within Twitter, but they've quickly infiltrated every part of our lives. It's no longer uncommon to hear a friend end a sentence with, "#first world problems," or to find Instagram posts that contain more hashtags than actual content. Hashtags have become so popular even Facebook enabled them.
With 2.5 billion Facebook posts, 400 million tweets, and 45 million Instagram posts published each day, you can imagine how important it is to stand out among the noisy social media chatter and reach your desired audience; hashtags can help you do just that.
Certain circumstances require multi-word hashtags (think #RoyalBaby, #NBAFinals2013: you know, important people, big events). On the other hand, feeling #HopelesslyHungryButFridgeIsEmpty is not a circumstance that warrants a multi-word hashtag. If you absolutely must use multiple words, be sure to capitalize the first letter of each word and to eliminate spaces between words.
Tagging every word in your post is the social media equivalent of raising your hand too much in class, poking someone in the ribs one too many times, or screaming into your cell phone while riding public transportation. More than being insanely annoying, tagging every word makes you look like you have nothing better to do with your time.
This advice is especially important for marketers who monitor trending keywords without following or understanding the news. Try to use an unrelated trending keyword in your promotional post and you will be social media shamed. Just look at what happened to Kenneth Cole when he tweeted, "Millions are in uproar in #Cairo. Rumor is they heard our new spring collection is now available online" while riots were taking place in Egypt in 2011. Or to CelebBoutique when it tweeted, "#Aurora is trending, clearly about our Kim K inspired #Aurora dress 😉 Shop: celebboutique.com/aurora-white-p…" during the aftermath of the Aurora shooting. Lesson learned? Just don't do this.
This is overkill. If you can't select the word that will fare best as a hashtag, you shouldn't use hashtags at all.
Ever misspelled a hashtag? That was unfortunate. Including hashtags in your posts is a way to add your thoughts to global discussions. Misspell a tag, and no one can find your message! Before your next post, do yourself a favor and check your spelling – on Twitter, that's only 140 characters to review!
Using a short and easy to understand hashtag, you can facilitate a discussion online that people can view in real time. Such chats are popular on Twitter and could gain traction on Facebook in the future.
Using trending hashtags isn't always bad. Before you use a trending hashtag, make sure you fully understand why the tag is trending and that your content is relevant to the topic.
Search tags relevant to your industry to find out what's already being said. Then join the discussion by including those hashtags in your own posts.
Create a hashtag to promote your event and encourage your attendees to append to it their posts and photos. This will allow you to effortlessly increase your exposure.
Some hashtags have gained popularity for being humorous, like the #EndOfTheWorldConfessions tag in 2012. Using these in moderation will not only make your followers laugh but also help them relate to you.Though there are many ways to use hashtags, the one constant rule is authenticity. Use hashtags as needed, following hashtag etiquette, and you'll be on your way to becoming social media royalty.
What are some of your favorite hashtag dos and don'ts? Share with us in the comments section!
for those who love to use #hashtages, may want to read this before doing it.
I think you covered it, but I think being funny, especially in a self-deprecating fashion, is the exception to the rule against stringing too many words together in a hashtag.


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The 2017 METHOD 1 PETRONAS MALAYSIA GRAND PRIX returns for its last edition in Sepang. Since 2000 the sport's spiralling expenditures and the distribution of prize cash favouring established prime teams have compelled complaints from smaller groups and led a number of groups to bankruptcy. ninety one Each Ferrari (F138) and McLaren (MP4-28) of the 2013 season used a pullrod suspension at each the front and the rear. In European international locations the second occasion has typically been titled the European Grand Prix , or named after a neighbouring state and not using a race.


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Home Developments Memory and Forgetfulness in the Brazilian Dictatorship: Can New Revelations Help Brazil Expiate its Sins?
Memory and Forgetfulness in the Brazilian Dictatorship: Can New Revelations Help Brazil Expiate its Sins?
—Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, University of Brasília
For a long time in Brazil, it has been taught that, in the final years of the dictatorship, during the presidency of General Ernesto Geisel (1974-1979) and General João Baptista Figueiredo (1979-1985), the repression and the human rights violations were gradually left aside in favor of a conciliatory discourse that would unleash the political openness, later culminating in the transition to democracy. In May, however, new bombastic revelations from a CIA Memorandum that the U.S. Department of State made public in 2015 and now revealed by Matias Spektor, a Professor of International Relations at the Getúlio Vargas Foundation and a columnist at Folha de S. Paulo, turned those assumptions upside down. They revealed how the high ranks of the military – and the presidents themselves – directly approved the summary execution of the adversaries of the regime. What at first seems just a revision of the past is, nonetheless, central for reassessing even further many interpretations of that period which, by focusing on the conciliatory argument, foster the forgetting of the atrocities of the regime. It has also sparked the debate over the need to reexamine the amnesty law deemed constitutional by the Brazilian Supreme Court in a controversial decision in 2010.[1] Will Brazil finally expiate its sins?
There would be possibly no better timing for such revelations. As constitutional lawyers, political scientists and historians struggle to understand the recent political events in Brazil, one topic that is gaining importance more than ever in the country is how Brazilian society deals with its past and how dealing with its past matters for the resilience of its democracy. Brazil has long been one of the countries in the region where the support for democracy scores the lowest, and, along with the political system going downhill, it has reached a dangerous zone. In the last months, demonstrations clamoring for a military intervention have popped up here and there. Though these protests make more fuss than representing a real menace to the democratic order, they signal that the wounds of the past have not healed and that the collective memory of the tragedy of the authoritarian years has severely faded over the years.
The dictatorships that struck Latin America from the sixties to the eighties were a tragic experience in all of the region and the difficulties in coping with the past human violations and their perpetrators became a serious concern for the new civilian governments. The military used different strategies to keep many of their privileges and positions virtually untouched, while assuring that a general amnesty would apply to the members of those regimes. President Augusto Pinochet's words, when he was leaving office in Chile, could not be more straightforward. "No one touches anyone… the day they touch one of my men, the rule of law ends."[2] No wonder that, when the civilians retook office, "acknowledgement became its polity."[3] In Argentina, where "the armed forces left power after a moral collapse"[4] and there was a great demand for prosecution of those perpetrators of human rights violation, any conciliatory policy would suffer a serious social backlash.[5] Yet, although punishment would be essential as a way to demonstrate that such acts would never again be tolerable,[6] President Raúl Alfonsín acted very carefully and adopted procedures that transformed such a prosecution into a much more difficult endeavor.[7] Brazil was no different. As elsewhere, the military and the conservative sectors which supported it attempted to control the transition, though, especially during the Constituent Assembly of 1987/1988, they were successfully challenged by many sectors of organized civil society.[8]
One such attempts to control the transition was expressly inserted into the constitutional amendment (EC n. 26/85) that convened the Constituent Assembly of 1987/1988. In this amendment to the authoritarian Constitution of 1967/1969 lay the following clause: "Amnesty is granted to all civil public servants of the direct and indirect Administration and military, punished by exceptional, institutional or complementary acts."[9] It revealed practically the same mindset of the Amnesty Law published in 1979,[10] but the need to mention it in that constitutional amendment was obviously not innocent. By placing it in the constitutional amendment that convened the Constituent Assembly, it aimed to bestow a constitutional status to a subject that could be eventually deemed unconstitutional under the new democratic order. It is no wonder that this general amnesty led to a very compelling debate over whether the secondary constituent power of the previous authoritarian Constitution could act as primary constituent power of the following democratic Constitution, or whether the primary constituent power of the new Constitution could be constrained by an amendment of the previous authoritarian regime. Constitutional theory clearly states that, even though the past naturally plays a role in any constitutional change, once the Constituent Assembly launches its works, it has all the powers to define the future.[11] Such constraints, however, can easily defy theoretical assumptions, as it happened in Brazil in a controversial Supreme Court decision.
In 2010, the Brazilian Supreme Court examined the constitutionality of the Federal Law n. 6.683/79,[12] which granted amnesty to everyone who committed political crimes in Brazil between September 2nd, 1961, and August 15th, 1979. The case was filed in the Supreme Court through a Claim of Non-Compliance with a Fundamental Precept (ADPF), an action of the abstract system of judicial review, by the Brazilian Bar Association. In a controversial ruling, Justice Eros Grau, the rapporteur, argued that it is not the judiciary's but Congress's authority to review such a political agreement. Striking, however, was the core argument of his decision: "the 1979 Amnesty Law was reaffirmed, in the Constitutional Amendment n. 26/85, by the Constituent Power of the 1988 Constitution…"[13] Beneath such a stretch to the concept of primary constituent power lay, however, a general mindset of the transition to democracy: at that very moment, Brazilian society was all moving towards conciliation. Chief Justice Cezar Peluso's opinion could not be in this regard more direct: "Only a great society is capable of forgiving. A society that is willing to fight its enemies with the same weapons is doomed to failure." The dissenting opinion, led by Justice Carlos Ayres Britto, was also very straightforward: "The torturer is not an ideologue. He does not commit a speech crime; thus he does not commit a political crime. He is a monster, a nasty person, a pervert. There can be no complacency with a torturer." A 7-2 majority ruled in favor of the constitutionality of the amnesty law in the end.
Yet widespread conciliation, besides the very concept of primary constituent power, is also a stretch for many of the memories of that past. More even so when such discourse of conciliation that gained strength in the final years of the dictatorship is challenged by impactful revelations involving exactly those presidents deemed the conciliators. Matias Spektor was very honest when he said that those CIA documents were the most disturbing documents he has ever read in his twenty years of research. Not only were the presidents aware of the massive executions against the so-called "dangerous subversives," but directly authorized and determined that extra-legal methods should continue to be employed as a policy. "Openness is not the opposite of repression," he said. True, it is not that historians did not already have elements pointing out to this same conclusion, but the shock caused by such a research may signal another pathology of Brazilian memory. As Carlos Fico, a professor of Brazilian history at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, said: "Brazilian society was very benevolent towards the military presidents who committed these serious human rights violations, though it is very rigorous towards the civil presidents of the recent democratic period."
A weight presidential election looms with an apologist of the dictatorship, Jair Bolsonaro, leading the polls if Lula is deterred from running.[14] It would come as a surprise for a country that until few years ago was an important model of democracy in the region, though Bolsonaro's chances may dwindle once the campaign officially launches as his small party (Social Liberal Party) may not have the strength to compete with traditional ones. To reach such a scenario is, however, symptomatic of a country that has done little to expiate its sins and has chosen to forget rather than remember. After those revelations, sectors of society and the Federal Public Prosecution have sought a new Supreme Court ruling on the amnesty law by showing that, after so many years, Brazil is now the outlier in Latin America and is in direct violation of the precedents of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Chile and Argentina, for example, unlike the first years of their democracies, have since done much more to challenge their authoritarian pasts.[15]
The French historian Pierre Nora once wrote "Memory is life, always carried by groups of living people, and thus it is in permanent evolution, open to the dialectics of memory and amnesia, unaware of its successive deformations, vulnerable to all kinds of uses and manipulations, susceptible to long latencies and sudden revitalizations."[16] In times of memories of those authoritarian years fading away in Brazil (and elsewhere!), we need, more than ever, historians and living people reminding us of the atrocities of those periods, so we can challenge the manipulations that are recurrently built to deny those very realities. In moments of crises, such memories are guardians of non-retrogression. They are a tool that makes us aware of where we stand to fend off that past in the building of our future. It is not a simple conciliation, though, as the ideology of a controlled transition strategically – and successfully – inscribed those moments in history. It should be rather a learning process that only a serious encounter with that past can move us away from general oblivion. True, as Marco Napolitano said, "unfortunately, it is not historical evidence, though important, that will change this authoritarian mindset." In any case, in such turbulent times, this new evidence brings some new hope for remembering, however little it may be.
Suggested citation: Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, Memory and Forgetfulness in the Brazilian Dictatorship: Can New Revelations Help Brazil Expiate its Sins? Int'l J. Const. L. Blog, Jul. 4, 2018, at: http://www.iconnectblog.com/2018/07/memory-and-forgetfulness-in-the-brazilian-dictatorship-can-new-revelations-help-brazil-expiate-its-sins/
[1] STF, ADPF 153, DJU 30/04/2010.
[2] See Tina Rosenberg, Overcoming the Legacies of Dictatorship, 74 Foreign Affairs 134 (1995).
[3] Jorge Correa S. Dealing with Past Human Rights Violations: The Chilean Case after Dictatorship, 67 Notre Dame L . R. 1457 (1992)
[5] See Emilio Fermin Mignone; Cynthia L. Estlund; Samuel Issacharoff, Dictatorship on Trial: Prosecution of Human Rights Violations in Argentina, 10 Yale J. Int'l L. 118, 119 (1984)
[6] Id. at 119.
[8] See Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, 'The Forgotten People in Brazilian Constitutionalism: Revisiting Behavior Strategic Analyses of Regime Transitions' (2017) 15 International Journal of Constitutional Law 332, 332-57.
[9] Artigo 4º, Emenda Constitucional nº 26, de 27 de novembro de 1985, DOU 28.11.1985
[10] Lei nº 6.683, de 28 de Agosto de 1979, DOU 28.08.1979
[11] See Yaniv Roznai, Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendments: The Limits of Amendment Powers (Oxford University Press 2017) 105
[13] STF, ADPF 153, DJU 30/04/2010 (Justice Eros Graus' opinion).
[14] See Juliano Zaiden Benvindo, The Rule of Law in Brazil: A Conceptual Challenge, Int'l J. Const. L. Blog, May 2, 2018, at: http://www.iconnectblog.com/2018/05/the-rule-of-law-in-brazil-a-conceptual-challenge/
[15] See Christine A.E. Bakker; 'A Full Stop to Amnesty in Argentina: The Simón Case,' 3 Journal of International Criminal Justice 1106-1120 (2005). In Chile, see Requa MA, 'A Human Rights Triumph: Dictatorship-Era Crimes and the Chilean Supreme Court.' 12(1) (2012) Hum Rts L Rev 79
[16] Pierre NORA, Introduction : Entre Mémoire et Histoire, in Pierre NORA (ed.), Les lieux de mémoire. Tome 1: La République, Paris : Gallimard, p. XIX (1984). (La mémoire est la vie, toujours portée par des groups vivants et à ce titre, elle est en evolution permanente, ouverte à la dialectique due souvenir et de l'amnésie, inconsciente de ses déformations successives, vulnérable à toutes les utilisations et manipulations, susceptible de longues latences et de soudaines revitalisations…)
Author: Juliano Zaiden Benvindo Filed under: Developments
Tags: Brazil, democratic erosion, military dictatorship
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Predictive Mental Health Startup Rose Health Raises $1.73M in Seed Funding
By Bailey Bryant | January 13, 2021 January 13, 2021
Rose Health — a startup that uses predictive technology to detect behavioral health issues — has raised $1.73 million in an oversubscribed seed funding round.
The money will help the company acquire more customers, develop new features, create a version of its platform for children and launch an employer program pilot with the Visiting Nurse Service of New York (VNSNY), according to a press release announcing the news.
Baltimore-based Rose Health uses artificial intelligence and natural language processing technology to identify early warning signs of depression and other behavioral health conditions. The platform consists of a remote patient monitoring app and a provider dashboard. There, a provider can see a patient's Rose score, a mental health credit score created based on the user's input into the app.
Old Line Capital Partners — a venture capital firm based in Columbia, Maryland — led the funding round, which was initially only intended to raise $1.5 million. Rose Heath customer VNSNY was also a notable investor.
As the nation's largest nonprofit home- and community-based services provider, VNSNY employs more than 15,000 clinicians and health care professions, who treat about 44,000 patients every day. The organization recently decided to partner with Rose Health to create a "holistic solution" for those patients, after witnessing the mental health toll the coronavirus had taken on them and the workers who care for them.
"We were searching for a robust solution," David Rosales, executive vice president and chief strategy officer of VNSNY, said in a press release announcing the news. "Rose has all the elements needed to support us and will be critical in helping us build mental health resiliency in the patients we serve and prevent burnout among our staff."
Rose Health, Visiting Nurse Service of New York


One major fear that many people have is dying of a heart attack. The reason for this is that heart attacks are relatively common for many older adults due to clogged arteries. One sign of clogged arteries is high blood pressure. One type of person that is particularly vulnerable to all of the problems that high blood pressure causes is a pregnant woman with high blood pressure. Here are some tips for keeping your blood pressure under control while you are pregnant.
People who don't move around a lot tend to gain weight and people who have a higher weight tend to be more likely to develop high blood pressure. Women who are pregnant tend to put on weight due to the baby and the need to eat for two. One way to keep the amount of weight gained in a healthy range is to start a regular exercise program as soon as possible, especially while you are in the early stages of pregnancy and can move around more easily.
Talk to your doctor about an exercise regimen that will be healthy for both you and your baby.
Another thing that you can do is start going to a cardiologist on a regular basis to get your blood pressure checked. You should inform your cardiologist that you are pregnant. He or she might have some ideas for healthy lifestyle changes that you can make to get your blood pressure in check, as well as recommend specific medications and supplements that would be healthy for pregnant women to take.
Try to reduce the amount of salt that you are currently consuming. It might not seem fun because salt tastes good to many people, but it is necessary to help keep your blood pressure under control. One concrete reward that you can tie to avoiding foods that are high in salt is to remind yourself that avoiding salt will keep you from bloating as badly. Many women find pregnancy to not be a particularly enjoyable experience due to the bloating and the self-consciousness and discomfort that it causes. You should be able to motivate yourself to eat less salt by imagining this tangible reward.
For more information, talk to a doctor that specializes in cardiology in your area or visit a website like http://www.billingsclinic.com. He or she will be able to help you create a diet and exercise regimen that will keep your blood pressure from getting dangerously high.


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Залі́сецький яр — геологічна пам'ятка природи місцевого значення в Україні. Розташована на північно-східній околиці села 3алісці Тернопільського району Тернопільської області, біля дороги до села Великий Кунинець.

Площа 5 га. Оголошений об'єктом природно-заповідного фонду рішенням виконкому Тернопільської обласної ради від 14 березня 1977 № 131 зі змінами, затвердженими її рішенням від 27 квітня 2001 № 238. Перебуває у віданні 3алісецької сільради.

Під охороною — виходи на поверхню пластів голубувато-сірих глин з великою кількістю добре збережених решток наземних рослин у вигляді обвуглених листків та їхніх відбитків, хвої, шишок. Серед викопної флори переважають представники теплолюбних форм (клен, дуб, граб, каштан, тис, ялівець) із домішкою типових субтропічних видів (самшит вічнозелений, кипарис, платан та інші). У цих же пластах містяться численні рештки морських двостулкових і черевоногих молюсків середнього міоцену (неоген).

3а кількістю видів і збереженістю решток рослин відслонення найбагатше на Поділлі.

Джерела

 Сивий М., Кітура В. Мінерально-ресурсний потенціал Тернопільської області. — Т., 1999.

Посилання
 Реєстр природно-заповідного фонду Збаразького району // Управління екології та природних ресурсів Тернопільської ОДА.

Відслонення
Природоохоронні об'єкти, засновані 1977
1977 у Тернопільській області

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