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Every now and then, (OK, practically every day), I'm reminded just how lucky I am to live where I do.
The South Coast of England is a beautiful place; with the rolling hills of the Downs and the brilliant white cliffs overlooking the sea – it's a runner's paradise.
Living in Brighton I get to run along the seafront and over the Downs whenever I want. My favourite route is along the city's undercliff path to Rottingdean and back over the cliffs down to Brighton again.
The first time I discovered the undercliff path I took so many photos I had trouble actually calling it a run at all.
But the undercliff path's got nothing on the Longman10 route. Nothing at all.
Running along the tops of the cliffs in Eastbourne for the Longman10 was an experience I'll never forget.
I know that sounds stupid – it's just a race, it's not exactly gonna change my life, and I live down here, I've been to Beachy Head plenty of times before.
But mix a beautiful view with a (really) tough run that you have to work for in order to be rewarded with it – that's magic, that is.
It's the kind of run where you're gasping for breath, and your legs are burning, and you try to run but you just have to walk some of the steep, rolling hills because it's like someone's picked up a carpet of grass and shaken it out like a duvet.
The kind of run where it's OK to stop and take photos just so you can catch your breath, and you question your sanity but know in your heart why you entered – if it's not a challenge, what's the point?
The kind of run where you're praying for it to stop but hanging back on the flat to reserve energy for the next relentless climb; watching in awe at those who plough on past you; laughing and joking with those alongside you.
It's bloody good to be alive, guys. This is why we run.
I underestimated just how hard this race was gonna be. I'd done lots of hilly long runs up the Downs with RunBrighton – in the wind, rain and driving hail, with screaming hamstrings and chattering teeth. I've climbed Ben Nevis, albeit with a very painful descent.
So 10 miles of hilly trails? Bring it.
The first hill to get to the cliffs!!
I didn't know what I was gonna write when I sat down to do this 'race report'. I never really know what I'm gonna write until I start to type, and it takes me bloody hours to hit publish sometimes – but this was easy.
I'm not gonna tell you about how seamless registration was (it really was), or how annoying the late start was (we didn't know at the time the reason was it was too foggy on the cliffs so they had to reposition marshals so we didn't run off the cliffs!).
I'm not gonna tell you about the great atmosphere, perfect weather, and brilliant medal with a free Longman10 tote bag and technical t shirt with a hot chocolate protein drink to finish.
I'm not gonna tell you about the epic support of a good friend and run buddy who got me to that finish line even though I kept saying I didn't have it in me.
What makes a great run or race for you? If you could give one reason why you run, what would it be?
Longman run a series of challenging (and beautiful!) trail runs across the South Downs – find out more and enter here.


Silvestre Varela struck a brace for Liga Sagres giants Porto, who twice came from behind to defeat Venezuelan side Deportivo Anzoategui 4-2.
Deportivo went ahead through Edwin Aguilar in the 38th minute before the highly rated Jackson Martinez responded for Porto with a header at the back post early in the second half.
Juan Fuenmayor surprisingly restored the Venezuelans' lead on the hour-mark before Eliaquim Mangala equalised.
Varela's powerful header finally put Porto ahead in the 65th minute and he sealed the result in the dying moments with a neat finish from a tricky angle.
AZ Alkmaar were convincing winners in their friendly against La Liga side Getafe, claiming a comfortable 3-0 victory.
Roy Beerens tapped in a Johann Gudmundsson cross just 16 seconds in and Rasmus Elm made it 2-0 in the 14th minute.
Getafe midfielder Michel was sent off early in the second half and Aron Johannsson added a third for AZ.
In other matches, Mallorca overcame Lokeren 1-0, Bordeaux got past Mechelen 2-1 and Kortrijk and Club Brugge played out a 2-2 draw.


text:
Friends Without Borders
Can getting to know people on the "other side" help tear down the walls between us? It already has.
IT'S BEEN SAID that one of the most radical things Jesus did was to eat with the wrong crowd. Undoubtedly, folks on the Left were frustrated with Jesus for making friends with Roman tax collectors. And folks on the Right were surely ticked at him for hanging out with Zealots. Dinner must have been awkward with both of them at the table; after all, Zealots killed tax collectors for fun on weekends.
But Jesus was a subversive friend, a scandalous bridge-builder, a holy trespasser. Just as we are known by the company we keep, so was Christ—accused of being a "glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners" (Luke 7:34). He was put on trial for being a rabble-rouser and a traitor. He got in trouble with the religious elite for crossing the line, overstepping purity laws and cultural norms, and disrupting the status quo. His love had no bounds and his friendships defied categories. He insisted on calling his followers friends: "I no longer call you servants, because a servant does not know his master's business. Instead, I have called you friends" (John 15:15).
Jesus made friends—with folks who adored him and folks who hated him. He sat with the woman at the well, washed the feet of his disciples, wept at the death of his buddy Lazarus, and loved his mom and dad. But his love went beyond borders. He redefined family, inviting his followers to be "born again" and discover an identity that runs deeper than biology. He challenged the chosen and included the excluded—in the family of God.
I wonder who Jesus would be hanging out with if he were around today?
Two Children Killed in Afghanistan by NATO Forces
THIS JUST IN — horrific news from our friends in Kabul. Over the weekend two kids, age 7 and 8, were killed by NATO forces while herding cattle in the Uruzgan Province in Afghanistan.
The Afghan Peace Volunteers, with whom Shane visited a few weeks ago, took to the streets in nonviolent protest.
They were accompanied by a couple of cows, as a reminder of the innocence of these children who were killed alongside their livestock.
They carried signs that read: "We are those 2 children." Here is a video they sent us:
What Would Jesus Say To the NRA?
A demonstrator from CodePink holds up a banner as the NRA's Wayne LaPierre delivers remarks. Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images
What does the birth of the baby Jesus 2,000 years ago have to offer the violent, troubled world we live in? Or what would Jesus say to the NRA?
I want to suggest — a lot. A whole lot.
Jesus entered the world from a posture of absolute vulnerability — as an unarmed, innocent child during a time of tremendous violence. The Bible speaks of a terrible massacre as Jesus was born, an unspeakable act of violence as King Herod slaughters children throughout the land hoping to kill Jesus (which the church remembers annually as the massacre of the Holy Innocents).
Perhaps the original Christmas was marked more with agony and grief like that in Connecticut than with the glitz and glamour of the shopping malls and Christmas parades. For just as Mary and Joseph celebrated their newborn baby, there were plenty of other moms and dads in utter agony because their kids had just been killed.
From his birth in the manger as a homeless refugee until his brutal execution on the Roman cross, Jesus was very familiar with violence. Emmanuel means "God with us." Jesus's coming to earth is all about a God who leaves the comfort of heaven to join the suffering on earth. The fact that Christians throughout the world regularly identify with a victim of violence — and a nonviolent, grace-filled, forgiving victim — is perhaps one of the most fundamentally life-altering and world-changing assumptions of the Christian faith. Or it should be.
So what does that have to do with the NRA? Underneath the rhetoric of the gun-control debate this Christmas is a nagging question: are more guns the solution to our gun problem?
I Found Peace in Kabul
Photo courtesy Shane Claiborne
Afghanistan is one of the most desperate, beat up places in the world. Forbes magazine has called it the most dangerous nation on earth. Over 30 years of war have left 2 million people dead, and much of the country in chaos. But even in the most troubled places on earth, there always seems to be a little group of people who refuse to accept the world as it is and insist on building the world they dream of, a little group of people who believe despite the evidence and watch the evidence change.
A few years ago, I began to hear about a little group of young people in Afghanistan doing exactly that. Many of them had seen their loved ones, friends and family killed. They were tired of blood. Tired of war. And so they began to organize, and educate, and train themselves for peace. They studied the heroes of nonviolence, Gandhi and King. A few of them even travelled to India to learn nonviolence and community from Gandhi's ashram. Now they have their own ashram in Kabul, where dozens of them live together and work for peace.
And they have begun to build a movement: marching in the streets, planting trees, building parks as monuments of peace. They started wearing blue scarves as a symbolic reminder that there is one blue sky that connects us all, and now their little movement is catching the world's attention. It is a movement of friends without borders.
The motto of their movement is this: "A little bit of love is stronger than all the weapons in the world."
Jesus for President 2012
by Shane Claiborne, by Chris Haw 11-06-2012
Cover of Shane Claiborne and Chris Haw's book.
Jesus for President. Amish for Homeland Security. We had some good ideas for serious change in America.
As Christians, we became convinced that the issues –things like immigration and health care, and the growing disparity between the rich and the poor – these things matter to God. We see more than 2,000 verses in Scripture that talk about how we care for the poor and marginalized. And too much of the Christianity we grew up with was so heavenly minded that it was no earthly good. So the issues matter to us.
But, we were, and still are, political refugees in post-religious-right America. No party feels like home. No candidate seems to value the things we see Jesus talking about in the Sermon on the Mount. Federal budget cuts have begun to look like the antithesis of the Beatitudes, where Jesus blesses the poor and hungry rather than the rich and wealthy. You get the sense that if Mary proclaimed her famous "Magnificat" in Luke's Gospel today — where "God fills the hungry with good things and sends the rich away empty" — she'd be accused of promoting class warfare. As one theologian said, "Our money says in God we trust … but our economy looks like the seven deadly sins."
What would America look like if Jesus were in charge?
Tony Campolo and Shane Claiborne: A Conversation About Politics
by Tony Campolo, by Shane Claiborne 10-29-2012
Shane Claiborne and Tony Campolo. Photo courtesy of the authors.
TONY CAMPOLO: Shane, I have a question to ask that may make you squirm a little bit. From hearing you talk and reading your books, you often seem to suggest that Christians not participate in the political process, and that political activism is somewhat futile. Have I understood your position correctly?
SHANE CLAIBORNE: The question for me is not are we political, but how are we political? We need to be politically engaged, but peculiar in how we engage. Jesus and the early Christians had a marvelous political imagination. They turned all the presumptions and ideas of power and blessing upside down.
The early Christians felt a deep collision with the empire in which they lived, and with politics as usual. They carelessly crossed party lines and built subversive friendships. And we should do that too. To be nonpartisan doesn't mean we're nonpolitical. We should refuse to get sucked into political camps and insist on pulling the best out of all of them. That's what Jesus did—challenge the worst of each camp and pull out the best of each. That's why we see Essenes, Zealots, Herodians, Pharisees, and Sadducees all following Jesus and even joining his movement. But they had to become new creations. They had to let go of some things. Jesus challenged the tax-collecting system of Rome and the sword of the Zealots.
So to answer the question, I engage with local politics because it affects people I love. And I engage in national politics because it affects people I love.
Governments can do lots of things, but there are a lot of things they cannot do. A government can pass good laws, but no law can change a human heart. Only God can do that. A government can provide good housing, but folks can have a house without having a home. We can keep people breathing with good health care, but they still may not really be alive. The work of community, love, reconciliation, restoration is the work we cannot leave up to politicians. This is the work we are all called to do. We can't wait on politicians to change the world. We can't wait on governments to legislate love. And we don't let policies define how we treat people; how we treat people shapes our policies.
TONY CAMPOLO: So you are not calling for noninvolvement in politics. Instead, you are warning Christians not to put their trust totally in political powers. You are calling them to exercise an ongoing involvement with the political process, to constantly speak truth to power in those places where power seems to be asserting itself in ways that are contrary to the will of God.
Ku Klux Clowns
I started my Tennessee sabbatical with a story about three peace activists who recently shut down the Y12 bomb plant here in Oak Ridge with a stunning protest, armed only with a bible and flowers.
I figure I'll end my sabbatical with another great story of East Tennessee mischief.
This is the story of one of my favorite flash-mob actions, which happened right here in Knoxville. And this year marks its five-year anniversary.
It all happened on May 26, 2007.
Word had begun to spread that a group of white supremacists — including members of the KKK — were converging here in Knoxville, Tenn., for a rally in a park downtown. It was on the news and in the papers.
Many locals were pretty upset by the public display of racism and hatred. Even though many of the folks connected to the hate-group were coming from other states, they had obtained a permit to gather and publicly proclaim their hate-filled message of White Power.
But they had no idea what was coming.
A group of locals had decided neither to cower away in fear nor to fight fire with fire....Instead they decided to meet hatred with humor.
Shane Claiborne: Of Slingshots, Plowshares, and Kitchen Hammers
The Y-12 Three: Michael R. Walli, Sister Megan Rice, and Greg Boertje-Obed.
I just arrived in Tennessee for a little sabbatical in the hills where I grew up. As I settled into my old childhood room again for a week or so of rest, I noticed a pile of newspaper articles my mom placed by the toilet. She's gotten into the habit of putting clippings of articles there that she thinks I'll enjoy reading while having my special time in the bathroom.
One of the articles was an extraordinary front-page story in the Knoxville News Sentinel about three peace activists who shut down the Y-12 nuclear plant last month in Oak Ridge for more than weeks.
In the predawn hours of July 28, three unarmed peace activists entered the Y-12 nuclear plant and, over a matter of hours, made their unprecedented way through the layers of security to the very heart of the facility, where they performed a prayerful service, hung "crime-scene" tape and poured human blood as a symbol of the violence of nuclear weapons. One of the intruders was an 82-year-old nun who is now an international celebrity. It's a contemporary story of David and Goliath, the shepherd boy who took on a giant with nothing but a slingshot.
The article makes a spectacle of how these three folks, whose average age was 67, managed to mosey into one of the most highly secure and potentially deadly facilities in the world. But they chose the spot for a reason.
The Oak Ridge Y-12 plant was responsible for the explosives of the Hiroshima bomb. It has been called "the Fort Knox of Uranium." The Y-12 plant is the nation's primary supplier of bomb-grade uranium, and has played a role in the manufacture of every nuclear weapon in the U.S. arsenal, which now flaunts the capacity of more than 50,000 Hiroshima-size bombs.
The Myth of Redemptive Violence
Stop the violence illustration, background Eky Studio / Shutterstock.com
I had a veteran friend once tell me, "The biggest lie I have ever been told is that violence is evil, except in war." He went on, "My government told me that. My Church told me that. My family told me that. … I came back from war and told them the truth—'Violence is not evil, except in war… Violence is evil – period.'"
Every day it seems like we are bombarded with news stories of violence—a shooting in Colorado, a bus bombing in Bulgaria, drones gone bad and the threat of a nuclear Iran, a civil war in Syria, explosions in Afghanistan and Iraq.
The recent cover story of Time magazine was "One a Day," showing that soldier suicides are up to one per day, surpassing the number of soldiers who die in combat. The U.S. military budget is still rising—more than $20,000 a second, more than $1 million a minute, spent on war even as the country goes bankrupt.
Our world is filled with violence—like a plague, an infection, a pandemic of people killing people, and people killing themselves. In my city of brotherly love, Philadelphia, we have nearly one homicide a day—and in this land of the free we have more than 10,000 homicides per year.
This week President Barack Obama called the shooting in Colorado "evil." And he is right.
But perhaps it is also time that we declare that violence is evil, everywhere—period. It's obvious that killing folks in a movie theater is sick and deranged, but the question arises: is violence ever okay?
Shane Claiborne: Barriers to Compassion in the City of Love
"The Feeding of the Five-Thousand," Attributed to Ambrosius Francken the Elder. Via Getty Images.
In the Bible, Jesus even goes so far as to say that when we feed the poor, the "least of these," we are feeding Christ himself. When Jesus speaks of the final judgment he says we will be asked by God, "When I was hungry did you feed me?" Can you imagine if our response was, "Sorry God, the city would not give us a permit?"
One of the stories of the Gospel involves Jesus doing a miracle where he takes a few fish and loaves and multiplies them, feeding hundreds of hungry folks. Jesus didn't have a health permit to do that outdoor feeding. In fact if Jesus had tried to perform that miracle feeding in Philadelphia under these proposed laws, he would have gotten into serious trouble. As Jesus bids us come and follow – feed the poor, care for the hungry — we are not willing to allow unjust policies to be obstacles to love.
Fat Tuesday and Skinny Wednesday
Sprinkles image via Wylio (http://www.wylio.com/credits/Flickr/4129682430)
All the major world religions have an element of self-denial at their core. Jews have Yom Kippur.Muslims have Ramadan.Christians have Lent.
In a world filled with clutter, noise, and hustle, Lent is a good excuse to step back and rethink how we think and live.In a world of instant gratification, it's a chance to practice delayed gratification – to fast -- so that we can truly appreciate the blessings we have.In a world where virtual friends are replacing real ones, it is an invitation to turn off TV and computer screens so we can spend time with real people again.
It's an opportunity to give up something that is sucking the life out of us so that we can be filled with God, with life, with love again.
Shane Claiborne: Occupy Nonviolence
The Rev. John Helmiere, who was beaten by police during a nonviolent protest in December. Via http://bit.ly/vP6XVT.
Amidst the recent police violence in Oakland and the sure temptation of some protestors to resort to violence, I wrote this little reflection inviting all Occupiers to a renewed commitment to nonviolence.
There is a verse in the Bible that says, "Our battle is not against flesh and blood but against the principalities and powers of this dark world." It is a reminder that there are people behind oppressive structures — people who laugh and cry and bleed just like everyone else — and those people are not the enemies, but the systems are.
I was reminded of this when I went into Bank of America on Move Your Money Day, and transferred my money to the non-profit credit union here in Philadelphia. As I went into the bank, I saw the smiling faces of Bank of America tellers who have become friends over the past decade. When I told them I was closing my account, one of the women asked jokingly, "You don't like us anymore?" At first my heart sunk, but then I said, "No way, I love the heck out of all of you. I just don't like the values of the bank you work for." To my surprise, they all smiled. In fact they may not like the values of the bank they work for either. Even though I'll be leaving Bank of America, I'm hoping to stay in touch with my friends there. I may even take them some coffees next week, which I'll charge on my new credit union debit card.
It is always tempting to demonize people and humanize corporations. It's easy to forget that we are up against something bigger than flesh and blood people. And it's particularly easy to forget that people are not the enemy when people are shooting pepper spray in your face.
Obama Calls Dorothy Day a 'Great Reformer'
Dorothy Day head of Catholic Worker inside the worker office. (Photo by Judd Mehlman/NY Daily News via Getty Images.)
At the National Prayer Breakfast on Thursday, President Obama named Dorothy Day as a "great reformer in American history."
Who woulda thunk it?
This is the same woman J. Edgar Hoover once called a "threat to national security."
Here's the exact quote from the Obama's speech:
We can't leave our values at the door. If we leave our values at the door, we abandon much of the moral glue that has held our nation together for centuries, and allowed us to become somewhat more perfect a union. Frederick Douglass, Abraham Lincoln, Jane Addams, Martin Luther King, Jr., Dorothy Day, Abraham Heschel — the majority of great reformers in American history did their work not just because it was sound policy, or they had done good analysis, or understood how to exercise good politics, but because their faith and their values dictated it, and called for bold action — sometimes in the face of indifference, sometimes in the face of resistance.
Collateral Murder and Preemptive Love
Artwork by the artist Banksy. Photo by Shane Claiborne.
Today I was catching up on emails and came across two messages that deeply affected me, maybe because I read them back-to-back.
The first one is from a friend who helped release the "Collateral Murder" video via Wikileaks, showing US troops shooting some unarmed folks in Baghdad, including two children sitting in a van as their family stopped to pick up the wounded and dead. It is one of the most disturbing and heartbreaking videos I've ever seen. Feel free not to watch it.
NOTE: If you do watch the video inside the blog, please know that it is contains vivid images of war. It was released here:
The other email message I read was just the opposite. It was about life.
Shane Claiborne: Five Great Gatherings in 2012
Sometimes folks ask me if I've spoken at any conferences that I get excited about. I'll be speaking more than 150 times this next year in about a dozen countries — at all sorts of events from a Spanish speaking conference in Florida to an economic think-tank in DC to schools here in North Philly and 30,000 Lutherans in New Orleans.
This year is going to be a blast. I decided to make a list of a few of the events that are real highlights for me in 2012. They are each unique and innovative, and a couple are in their infancy.
Here they are…Five Great Gatherings in 2012:
Shane Claiborne's 12 Hopes for 2012
Love your neighbor as yourself.
12. Do something really nice – that no one knows about.
11. Spend more money on other people than I spend on myself. Love my neighbor as I love myself. And love myself as I love my neighbor.
10. Laugh often… especially at advertisements that try to convince me that I must buy more stuff in order to be happy.
When Soldiers Become Saints
St. Martin by Fidelis Schabet (19th century) in Katholische Pfarrkirche St. Martin, Unteressendorf
"I wore chains just like these for over six years, a burden too great to bear for many like me, who stood ready to do violence in the name of the American people and way of life. In Genesis, Cain was the first person to have killed another human being, and we've been doing it ever since. As punishment, Cain was sentenced to a life of wandering, a burden he claimed was too great to bear.
"After the towers fell a decade ago, I reenlisted and was deployed overseas with an infantry platoon for Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2004. Wandering the Mesopotamian wilderness like Cain before me, I saw things nobody should ever have to see. My heart hardened in the desert heat like the mud bricks I watched cure in the Iraqi sun.
"After coming home, I found war had infected my mind. Images and memories from Iraq would haunt my dreams and invade my thoughts. Not too different from the suffering endured by American and Iraqi families who have lost someone to war, I too lost someone on the field of battle – myself. I had sacrificed more than I bargained for, a lifetime of mental health and well-being forever crushed by the heavy yolk I bore as a combat soldier."
Moving Money: Investing in a New World
On Nov. 5 folks all over the world will divest from Wall Street and its banks … in order to invest in a better world.
Ideologies alone are not enough. There came a point in the movement to abolish slavery where ideology required responsibility. As one abolitionist said, "The only way to be a good slave-owner is to refuse to be a slave-owner." To truly be against slavery also meant that you didn't drink sugar in your tea, because sugar was produced with slave labor.
So on November 5, my wife and I will be joining the "Move Your Money" celebration, moving our money from Bank of America to the non-profit credit union here in Philadelphia.
It is one small step away from the vicious cycle that continues to see money transfer from the increasingly poor to the increasingly rich.
It is trying to take to heart Jesus' command to "Get the log out" of my own eye.
It is a move towards Gandhi's call to "Be the change you want to see in the world."
It's one little step towards being less of a hypocrite tomorrow than I am today.
A Devotion for Wall Street
One of the constant threads in scripture is, "Give us this day our daily bread." Nothing more, nothing less. Underneath this admonition is the assumption that the more we store up for tomorrow the less people will have for today. And in a world where 1 percent of the world owns half the world's stuff, we are beginning to realize that there is enough for everyone's need, but there is not enough for everyone's greed. Lots of folks are beginning to say, "Maybe God has a different dream for the world than the Wall Street dream."
Maybe God's dream is for us to live simply so that others may simply live. Maybe God's dream is for the bankers to empty their banks and barns so folks have enough food for today.
St. Francis, Pray for Us
Today (Oct. 4) Christians around the world celebrate the life of St. Francis of Assisi, one of the bright lights of the church and one of the most venerated religious figures in history.
The life and witness of Francis is as relevant to the world we live in today as it was 900 years ago. He was one of the first critics of capitalism, one of the earliest Christian environmentalists, a sassy reformer of the church, and one of the classic conscientious objectors to war.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Happy 25th Anniversary to the Arts Alliance!
2019 – Celebrating 25 years of keeping arts & culture central to life in Clackamas County!
Did you notice? We have a slightly new logo!
For 25 years, under different titles and mandates, what is now the Arts Alliance has supported the leadership and people of Clackamas County in recognizing and building up culture, heritage, and the arts in the county.
Through creative, life-enhancing programs and activities that touch our history, our present, and the dreams we have for the future, the quality of life in our community is improved, and we build a better place for everyone who lives here now, and for those who will in the future.
Over this year of our 25th Anniversary, we look forward to working with all those who reside in, work in, or just visit Clackamas County. We'll be announcing specific events as the year progresses, and in the meantime encourage everyone to think of ways to celebrate this great achievement.
Please don't hesitate to CONTACT US if you or your arts/culture/heritage group have an idea and want to participate.
I read this article and found it very interesting, thought it might be something for you. The article is called Happy 25th Anniversary to the Arts Alliance! and is located at https://clackamasartsalliance.org/news/happy-25th-anniversary-to-the-arts-alliance/.


text:
Q: config CORS in Gorilla Mux I am working in a golang project, using gorilla/mux as the router, and now I have problems related with CORS: I cannot make a POST request using ajax in another application.
My current configuration for the router is as follows:
r := mux.NewRouter()
    r.HandleFunc("/", handleHome)
    //Other routes

    headersOk := handlers.AllowedHeaders([]string{"*"})
    originsOk := handlers.AllowedOrigins([]string{"*"})
    methodsOk := handlers.AllowedMethods([]string{"GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "OPTIONS"})

    // Start http server
    port := fmt.Sprintf(":%d", some_Port)
    http.ListenAndServe(port, handlers.CORS(originsOk, headersOk, methodsOk)(r))

I am using:
"github.com/gorilla/mux"
"github.com/gorilla/handlers"

The message that I am getting in the browser is (in Spanish):

Solicitud desde otro origen bloqueada: la política de mismo origen
  impide leer el recurso remoto en https://miURL (razón: falta la
  cabecera CORS 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin').

In English: basically the server is rejecting the request because the CORS header is not present.
So, what have I done wrong in my router configuration?
EDIT:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


To make your reservation, simply select "book your room" and follow the link to the hotel website.
Group rate is based on availability.
To qualify for the group rate, your reservation must be booked in advance of the hotel cutoff date.
By using the hotel link, your discount will be automatically applied to your reservation.
If you make your reservation by phone, ask for the Thomson Reuters group rate.
*Based on availability, you may be able to take advantage of our special rate three nights before and three nights after the event. Check with hotel for availability.


Stockyards Station is a unique western destination located in the National Historic Fort Worth Stockyards district. It was once the biggest and busiest livestock-marketing center in the Southwest. Stockyards Station is now home to over 20 unique shops and fantastic restaurants; including galleries, clothing stores, jewelers, antiques, specialty stores and much more.
This fabulous shopping center is also the depot for "Puffy" the steam engine built in 1896 - the only operational steam locomotive in Texas from the 19th century. The Station offers historical walking tours, the Cowtown Cattlepen Maze, horseback riding along the Trinity River Trails, banquet facilities, and regularly scheduled special events and festivals.
Choose from one of our famous restaurants as the best location to view the Fort Worth Herd, a daily longhorn cattle drive in which authentic cowboys drive the herd down East Exchange Avenue.
Banquets, Parties and Meetings are happening all the time at Stockyards Station. There are 4 banquet facilities in Stockyards Station, indoor and outdoors, totaling over 30,000 square feet of meeting space. AmeriSuites Historic Stockyards hotel is now open in Stockyards Station. The hotel has 101 suites, and includes an outdoor swimming pool, a business meeting room, and will utilize Stockyards Station's banquet facilities for conventions, meetings and more.
Experience authentic Texas and the proud western heritage of Cowtown, and enjoy shopping, dining, and big fun, Texas Style here at Stockyards Station!


text:
OSA Publishing > Optical Materials Express > Volume 6 > Issue 4 > Page 1032
Zeroth order Fabry-Perot resonance enabled ultra-thin perfect light absorber using percolation aluminum and silicon nanofilms
Seyed Sadreddin Mirshafieyan, Ting S. Luk, and Junpeng Guo
Seyed Sadreddin Mirshafieyan,1 Ting S. Luk,2 and Junpeng Guo1,*
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Dr., Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
2Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
*Corresponding author: guoj@uah.edu
S Mirshafieyan
T Luk
J Guo
Seyed Sadreddin Mirshafieyan, Ting S. Luk, and Junpeng Guo, "Zeroth order Fabry-Perot resonance enabled ultra-thin perfect light absorber using percolation aluminum and silicon nanofilms," Opt. Mater. Express 6, 1032-1042 (2016)
Super-wideband perfect solar light absorbers using titanium and silicon dioxide thin-film cascade optical nanocavities (OME)
Silicon colors: spectral selective perfect light absorption in single layer silicon films on aluminum surface and its thermal tunability (OE)
Optical and electrical properties of ultra-thin indium tin oxide nanofilms on silicon for infrared photonics (OME)
Light wavelength
Nonlinear optics
Nanomaterials (160.4236)
Thin films (310.0310)
Metallic, opaque, and absorbing coatings (310.3915)
Original Manuscript: November 26, 2015
Revised Manuscript: February 21, 2016
Manuscript Accepted: February 21, 2016
2. Fabrication and characterization of ultra-thin perfect light absorbers
3. Simulation and discussion
We demonstrated perfect light absorption in optical nanocavities made of ultra-thin percolation aluminum and silicon films deposited on an aluminum surface. The total layer thickness of the aluminum and silicon films is one order of magnitude less than perfect absorption wavelength in the visible spectral range. The ratio of silicon cavity layer thickness to perfect absorption wavelength decreases as wavelength decreases due to the increased phase delays at silicon-aluminum boundaries at shorter wavelengths. It is explained that perfect light absorption is due to critical coupling of incident wave to the fundamental Fabry-Perot resonance mode of the structure where the round trip phase delay is zero. Simulations were performed and the results agree well with the measurement results.
Enhanced light absorption in nanostructure materials is significant for many applications such as solar energy harvesting, nonlinear optics, and biosensing [1–3]. In the past decade, perfect light absorption in patterned metal film structures [4–9] and un-patterned metal-dielectric films [10–26] has been extensively investigated. Among these perfect light absorption structures, patterned metal structures require complicated nanofabrication processes, whereas un-patterned thin film structures involve only thin film deposition, which intrinsically have low manufacturing cost. Recently, perfect light absorption in single layer silicon (Si) films deposited on an aluminum surface has been reported [24]. The thickness of the silicon film is about 1/5 of the perfect absorption wavelength. In this work, significant reduction in overall layer thickness is demonstrated by adding an ultra-thin Al nanolayer on top of the silicon film. Although metal-dielectric film nanocavity perfect light absorbers have been previously investigated [16–19], here we show that by using silicon film as the cavity medium together with an ultra-thin percolation aluminum film on the top, the cavity thickness can be significantly reduced relative to wavelength for perfect light absorption. It was reported recently [21] that silicon was used as a high index cavity medium for enhanced light absorption in metal-dielectric nanocavity structure, but perfect light absorption was not achieved. In this work, we also found that the ratio of silicon cavity layer thickness to the perfect absorption wavelength decreases as the cavity layer thickness decreases due to increased phase delays (smaller phase gains) at the silicon-aluminum boundaries at shorter wavelengths than at longer wavelengths. Optical phase analysis reveals that perfect light absorption occurs at the fundamental Fabry-Perot resonance mode where the round-trip phase delay in the cavity is zero.
Figure 1(a) shows the schematic of the metal-dielectric film nanocavity structure in which a thin silicon (Si) layer is sandwiched between an ultra-thin aluminum layer on top and a thick aluminum (Al) film on bottom. The bottom aluminum film is thick enough to prevent light penetration to substrate. This structure is also known as Salisbury screen structure [27], in which wavelength selective perfect light absorption can happen at critical coupling condition.
Fig. 1 (a) The schematic ultra-thin nanocavity perfect light absorber structure. (b) Measured optical reflectivity spectra from devices with 40 nm Si thickness and different top Al layer thicknesses from 5 nm to 10 nm. Perfect absorption is observed for the device with 7 nm Al layer thickness. A SEM image of the 7 nm Al film surface is shown as the inset. (c) Photographs of the four devices with different Si layer thicknesses, taken under ambient light. (d) Measured optical reflectivity spectra of perfect absorbers of different Si thicknesses at the near normal angle of incidence of 10 degrees.
For device fabrication, a thick aluminum film of 100 nm was first sputtered on a Pyrex glass wafer by using a Denton sputter with 200 W DC power, 5 mTorr argon plasma pressure, 120 seconds pre-deposition conditioning time, and the deposition time of 625 seconds. The deposition rate of Al film was 0.16 nm per second, calibrated by using a surface profilometer (KLA-Tencor P-10). After deposition of the thick aluminum layer, the sample was diced into four pieces. The diced four pieces were used as substrates for subsequent deposition of Si films of 30, 40, 50, and 60 nm thick. For Si film depositions, the Denton sputter was set with RF power of 200 W, argon plasma pressure of 5 mTorr, and a pre-deposition conditioning time of 180 seconds. The deposition rate of Si was 0.1 nm per second. The deposition time of silicon film was from 300 to 600 seconds with the increment of 100 seconds for giving different thicknesses. The 40-nm-thick Si sample was further cut into six pieces for subsequent depositions of ultra-thin Al layer on top. The top Al layer thickness varies from 5 nm to 10 nm with 1 nm increment. After ultra-thin aluminum layers were deposited, optical reflectivity from the sample was measured by using a broadband halogen light source and an optical spectrometer (StellarNet C-SR-50). Figure 1(b) shows the measured optical reflectivity spectra from six devices with different top Al layer thicknesses but same silicon cavity layer thickness of 40 nm. It can be seen that the optical reflectivity minimum first decreases as the top Al layer thickness increases from 5 nm and reaches zero when the aluminum layer is 7 nm. For 40-nm-thick Si device with 7 nm Al layer on top, perfect light absorption occurs at 640 nm wavelength. Further increasing Al layer thickness increases the reflection minimum. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) picture of the 7 nm Al film surface is shown in Fig. 1(b) as an inset. The 7 nm Al film is quasi-continuous with small voids. It is seen in Fig. 1(b) that perfect light absorption occurs for the device with 7 nm Al layer on top, indicating critical coupling of the incident light to an optical cavity resonance mode.
To change the perfect absorption wavelength, we change the thickness of Si layer by keeping the top Al layer constant at 7 nm. Figure 1(c) shows photographs of four fabricated devices with Si layer thicknesses of 30, 40, 50, and 60 nm. The four devices exhibit colors of purple, blue, cyan, and green, corresponding to Si layer thicknesses of 30, 40, 50, and 60 nm, respectively. The reflectivity spectra were measured at 10 degrees angle of incidence. The measurement results are shown in Fig. 1(d). The perfect absorption wavelengths are 540, 640, 750, and 870 nm for Si layer thicknesses of 30, 40, 50 and 60 nm, respectively.
Table 1 summarizes the perfect light absorption wavelengths and corresponding absorbance, as well as the ratio of the silicon layer thickness to the perfect absorption wavelength. It can be seen that the perfect light absorption was achieved over a wide range in the visible and near-IR region while sweeping the silicon cavity thickness from 30 nm to 60 nm. For the perfect light absorber with 30 nm-thick Si film, the ratio of peak absorption wavelength to the silicon cavity thickness is approximately 18. As the Si cavity thickness decreases, the perfect absorption wavelength also decreases. However, Si cavity layer thickness decreases faster than the perfect absorption wavelength decreases. This is because more phase delays (less phase gains) occur in the silicon-aluminum boundaries at shorter wavelengths than at longer wavelengths. Table 1 lists calculated skin depth in aluminum and phase changes in the silicon-aluminum boundaries at different absorption wavelengths. The skin depth of aluminum remains almost constant and does not change much as wavelength changes. This results in more phase delays at shorter wavelengths than at longer wavelengths.
Table 1. Parameters of Perfect Light Absorbers
To investigate angular dependence of light absorption, optical reflectivity spectra from fabricated devices were measured at different incident angles from 10° to 70° with 10° increment. Figures 2(a)-2(d) show the measurement results from devices of silicon cavity layer thickness of 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm respectively. It can be seen that large absorption greater than 90% is sustained up to 70° angle of incidence for all these devices. This explains why the colors of the devices do not change when they are viewed from large angles of incidence. This is because the round-trip phase delay inside the ultra-thin optical cavity is insensitive to the change of incident angle. The index of refraction of silicon is much higher than the index of refraction of air. The incident angle inside the silicon cavity is small according to the boundary condition (continuity of k-vector in the tangential direction). For incident angle of 70 degree in air, the incident angle in the silicon layer is about 17 degrees. The calculated round-trip phase delays at different incident angles are shown in Fig. 7 of the following section on simulation and discussion.
Fig. 2 (a-d) Measured optical reflectivity spectra from devices with Si cavity layer thicknesses from 30 nm to 60 nm at different angle of incidence form 10° to 70°.
In order to compare experimental results with simulation results, optical constants of Al and Si thin films were measured by using a variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometer (VASE by J. A. Woollam Company). The measured refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) of Al and Si thin films are plotted in Figs. 3(a) and 3(b). Figure 3(a) shows that the 7 nm Al film has higher "n" and lower "k" compared to the 100 nm Al film. This is because the 7 nm Al film has small grains inside the film as shown in the inset of Fig. 1(b), and its thickness is above but close to the percolation threshold. The percolation threshold thickness is a critical thickness where the deposited metal film transforms its optical property from dielectric property to metallic property [28, 29]. Below the percolation threshold, the ultra-thin Al film consists of unconnected metal islands (clusters). Above the percolation threshold thickness, the metal islands (clusters) become connected and the film exhibits metallic property. By further increasing the film thickness, the film becomes a uniform film. Eventually, the optical property of sputtered film approaches to the optical property of bulk material. Therefore, the optical constants near the percolation threshold of Al film are strongly thickness-dependent as indicated in the measurement results shown in Fig. 3(a).
Fig. 3 (a) Measured real and imaginary parts of the index of refraction of 7 nm and 100 nm aluminum films. The optical constants of Al films are dependent on the film thickness. (b) Measured real and imaginary parts of the index of refraction of 100 nm silicon film.
Using measured optical constants of Al and Si films shown in Figs. 3, optical reflectivity from the nanolayer structure is calculated by using the transfer matrix technique [30]. The optical reflectivity is
(1)R=|r|2=|M21M11|2,
where M21 and M11 are elements of the transfer matrix,
(2)M=(M11M12M21M22)=D0−1(D1P1D1−1)(D2P2D2−1)D3.
In the transfer matrix above,
(3)Pi=(exp(jφi)00exp(−jφi)),whereφi=2π(ni−jki)diλ.
For TE polarization,
(4)Di=(11(ni−jki)cosθi−(ni−jki)cosθi),
for TM polarization,
(5)Di=(cosθicosθi(ni−jki)−(ni−jki)),
where i = 0, 1, 2, 3 for air, top Al, Si, and bottom Al, respectively. In Eqs. (3)-(5), θi is the incident angle in the medium i, and ni and ki are the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index of medium i, and 𝜑i is the propagation phase delay of optical wave in medium i. In Eq. (3), d1 is the thickness of top Al film (7 nm), and d2 is the thickness of Si cavity layer (30-60 nm).
Figure 4(a) shows the 2D plot of optical reflectivity vs. wavelength and Si cavity layer thickness, calculated by using the transfer matrix method with Eq. (1). Figure 4(b) shows the reflectivity spectra for silicon layer thicknesses of 30, 40, 50, and 60 nm with corresponding perfect absorption wavelengths of 570, 660, 750, and 840 nm, respectively. The calculated optical reflectivity spectra are in good agreement with the measured optical reflectivity spectra in Fig. 1(d).
Fig. 4 (a) 2D plot of the calculated optical reflectivity versus wavelength and Si layer thickness. The black band in (a) shows the perfect light absorption. (b) Calculated optical reflectivity spectra for structures with 30 nm to 60 nm Si layer thicknesses, respectively.
To calculate the angular dependence of the absorption, the optical reflectivity spectra of four fabricated devices with 30, 40, 50, and 60 nm silicon layer thicknesses were calculated at different angles of incidence for TE and TM polarizations. For unpolarized incident light, reflectivity is taken as the average of the reflectivity of TE polarization and the reflectivity of TM polarization. Calculated reflectivity of unpolarized light versus wavelength and angle of incidence for structures with 30 nm to 60 nm silicon layer thicknesses are plotted and shown in Figs. 5(a)-5(d). It can be seen that perfect absorption wavelength does not change as angle of incidence increases from 0 to 70 degrees. The omni-directional absorption behavior is in good agreement with the measurement results.
Fig. 5 Calculated optical reflectivity versus wavelength and angle of incidence for perfect light absorbers with Si cavity layer thicknesses of (a) 30 nm, (b) 40 nm, (c) 50 nm, and (d) 60 nm respectively. The absorption is insensitive to the change of incident angle up to 70°.
To understand the perfect light absorption in the Al-Si-Al nanocavity, the round-trip phase delay in the nanocavity structure is calculated. For normal incidence, the electric field of the optical wave can be written as E(z,t) = E0Exp[j(ωt-2πz/λ)] in the air. Inside the silicon cavity, the propagation round trip phase delay is 𝜑s = 4πn2d2/λ, where n2 is the real part of the refractive index of silicon and d2 is the thickness of silicon layer. The total round-trip phase delay, 𝜑total, is the sum of the propagation phase delay (𝜑s) and phase delays caused by the reflection at the two cavity boundaries, i.e.
(6)φtotal=φs−(φ21+φ23)
where 𝜑21 and 𝜑23 are the phase changes due to reflection at the two boundaries with top Al layer and bottom Al, respectively. Figure 6(a) shows the propagation phase delays 𝜑s in the silicon layer with thicknesses from 30 nm to 60 nm. Figure 6(b) shows the phase changes 𝜑21 and 𝜑23 at the two boundaries. 𝜑21 and 𝜑23 are the phase angles of the reflection coefficients r21 and r23 in the two silicon nanocavity boundaries. Figure 6(c) illustrates the total round trip phase delay 𝜑total in the nanocavities of silicon layer thicknesses from 30 nm to 60 nm, calculated by using Eq. (6). In Fig. 6(c), it is shown that total round trip phase delay of zero occurs in the visible spectral range for silicon cavity thicknesses from 30 nm to 60 nm. The zero round trip phase delay indicates that the zeroth order fundamental Fabry-Perot resonance mode causes perfect light absorption shown in Fig. 1(d).
Fig. 6 (a) Calculated propagation phase delays in Si layer only. (b) Calculated phase changes at two Si boundaries with Al. (c) Calculated total round trip phase delays in Si nanocavity with different thicknesses. Perfect light absorption occurs when total round trip phase delay is zero in the cavity.
To explain the angular insensitive behavior of the perfect light absorber, we calculated round-trip phase delay 𝜑total inside the nanocavity at incident angle varying from 10° to 80° with 10° increment. Calculated phase delays vs. wavelength for different angles of incidence are shown in Figs. 7(a)-7(d) for nanocavities with different silicon layer thicknesses. It can be seen that the zero total round-trip phase delay is sustained at incident angles up to 70°. Therefore, the peak absorption wavelength corresponding to the zero total round-rip phase delay does not shift much across the spectrum as incident angle increases. This explains the angular insensitivity behavior of the perfect light absorbers.
Fig. 7 (a-d) Calculated round-trip phase delays vs. wavelength at different incident angles for four nanocavities with Si layer thicknesses of 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, and 60 nm, respectively. The calculated phase delays remain insensitive to the change of incident angle up to 70°, which explains the omni-directional property of the perfect light absorbers.
To investigate where the optical energy is dissipated in the structure, we calculated electric and magnetic field distributions at perfect absorption wavelength of 750 nm by using FDTD simulations (Lumerical Solution, Inc.). The electric field is plotted in the x-z plane and the magnetic field is plotted in the y-z plane. Figure 8(a) shows the real part of the x-component of the electric field in air and inside the device structure. In Fig. 8(a), the arrow indicates the direction of the electric field that is in the –x direction. It can be seen that the real part of the electric field holds the same direction as it propagates through the layer structure. Figure 8(b) shows the imaginary part of the electric field, and Fig. 8(c) shows the magnitude of the electric field. It can be seen in Fig. 8(c) that the electric field enhancement is small inside the structure and the electric field decays as it propagates in the structure. Figure 8(d) illustrates the real part of the y-component of the magnetic field profile. In Fig. 8(d), In Fig. 8(d), the arrows indicates the direction of the magnetic field. It is clearly seen that the magnetic field changes direction crossing the top Al-Si boundary. Figure 8(e) shows the imaginary part of the magnetic field, and Fig. 8(f) shows the amplitude of the magnetic field distribution in the structure. From Fig. 8(f), it can be seen that there is a strong magnetic field enhancement along the Si to bottom Al boundary. This strong magnetic field enhancement is caused by the anti-parallel electric dipole currents along the boundary of the aluminum metal and the silicon dielectric.
Fig. 8 Calculated real part, imaginary part, and magnitude of electric field (a-c) and magnetic field (d-f) distributions at the perfect absorption wavelength of 750 nm. The arrows indicate the directions of electric and magnetic fields in the structure.
To investigate where exactly the optical energy is absorbed in the structure, we calculated energy absorption density Q with the equation [31]
(7)Q=ωε08πIm[εr]|E0|2,
where Im[εr] is the imaginary part of the electric permittivity of the medium, |E0| is the amplitude of the electric field, and ɷ is the angular frequency of the wave oscillation. Figure 9(a) shows calculated energy absorption density at 750 nm perfect absorption wavelength in the structure of 50 nm Si cavity layer bounded with 7 nm Al on top and 100 nm Al in bottom. The energy absorption density line profile in the z-direction is plotted in Fig. 9(b). In Fig. 9(b), the absorption energy, i.e. the area under the absorption curve, is 60% in the top Al layer, 5% in the Si layer, and 35% in the bottom Al metal. From Fig. 9(b), it is clearly seen that significant amount of energy is absorbed in the 7 nm Al layer on the top and the Al medium in the bottom. Also, it is seen that the maximal absorption density occurs in aluminum next to Si-aluminum boundaries. Only small portion of energy was absorbed in the silicon film.
Fig. 9 (a) Calculated energy absorption density at 750 nm perfect absorption wavelength in the device structure of 50 nm Si thickness bounded with 7 nm Al on the top and 100 nm Al in the bottom. (b) Absorption density profile at the perfect absorption wavelength of 750 nm.
To show potential biosensor application of the perfect light absorbers with percolation aluminum film, we applied liquid chemicals on top of a silicon device for measuring the change of its reflectivity spectrum. Figure 10 shows the measured reflectivity spectra from a device with 40 nm thick Si layer in air, and with applied IPA, methanol, and water on top. The measurement results show that by applying chemicals on the surface, the resonance wavelength has blue-shifts. The inset of Fig. 10 shows the photograph of the device partially covered by IPA on its surface. The color of the device changes from light blue to dark blue due to the presence of IPA liquid. The presence of IPA liquid reduces the reflectivity in the blue spectral range as shown in the Fig. 10.
Fig. 10 Measured optical reflectivity spectra from the 40 nm Si device in air, IPA, ethanol, and water. The inset shows the device picture when it is partially covered by IPA liquid and partial exposed to air.
In summary, nanocavity perfect light absorbers made of an ultra-thin percolation aluminum film and a high-index silicon thin film deposited on a thick aluminum film are demonstrated in visible and near-IR spectral range. The aluminum-silicon-aluminum thin film structure forms an asymmetric Fabry-Perot optical cavity. At the fundamental resonance mode where the total round trip phase delay is zero, incident optical wave is critically coupled into the nanocavity, resulting in complete light absorption in the structure. Using high-index silicon for the cavity medium enabled a significant reduction in cavity thickness to a factor of 18 with respect to the perfect absorption wavelength of 540 nm, about four times thinner than previously reported thin film cavity resonance enabled perfect light absorbers [16–19, 24]. Interestingly, it was found that the ratio of the cavity layer thickness to the perfect absorption wavelength decreases as the cavity layer thickness decreases due to increased phase delays in the silicon-aluminum boundaries at shorter wavelengths. Finally, optical energy absorption distribution in the nanostructure was calculated by simulations, and it was found that most energy was absorbed in the aluminum medium, not in the silicon cavity.
This work was partially supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture through award no. 2014-67022-21618. The measurements of optical constants of Al and Si thin films were supported by Department of Energy-Office of Science Center of Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) user program. Seyed Sadreddin Mirshafieyan acknowledges the support from Alabama Graduate Research Scholars Program.
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2. J. Leuthold, C. Koos, and W. Freude, "Nonlinear silicon photonics," Nat. Photonics 4(8), 535–544 (2010). [CrossRef]
3. J. N. Anker, W. P. Hall, O. Lyandres, N. C. Shah, J. Zhao, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Biosensing with plasmonic nanosensors," Nat. Mater. 7(6), 442–453 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. M. G. Nielsen, A. Pors, O. Albrektsen, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi, "Efficient absorption of visible radiation by gap plasmon resonators," Opt. Express 20(12), 13311–13319 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. J. Hendrickson, J. Guo, B. Zhang, W. Buchwald, and R. Soref, "Wideband perfect light absorber at midwave infrared using multiplexed metal structures," Opt. Lett. 37(3), 371–373 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. Z. Fang, Y. R. Zhen, L. Fan, X. Zhu, and P. Nordlander, "Tunable wide-angle plasmonic perfect absorber at visible frequencies," Phys. Rev. B 85(24), 245401 (2012). [CrossRef]
7. B. Zhang, J. Hendrickson, and J. Guo, "Multispectral near perfect metamaterial absorbers using spatially multiplexed plasmon resonance metal square structures," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 30(3), 656–662 (2013). [CrossRef]
8. T. Sun, C. F. Guo, F. Cao, E. M. Akinoglu, Y. Wang, M. Giersig, Z. Ren, and K. Kempa, "A broadband solar absorber with 12 nm thick ultrathin a-Si layer by using random metallic nanomeshes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 104(25), 251119 (2014). [CrossRef]
9. W. Kim, B. S. Simpkins, J. P. Long, B Zhang, J. Hendrickson, and J. Guo, "Localized and nonlocalized plasmon resonance enhanced light absorption in metal-insulator-metal nanostructures," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 32(8), 1686–1692 (2015). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
10. M. A. Kats, R. Blanchard, P. Genevet, and F. Capasso, "Nanometre optical coatings based on strong interference effects in highly absorbing media," Nat. Mater. 12(1), 20–24 (2013). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
11. P. Hosseini, C. D. Wright, and H. Bhaskaran, "An optoelectronic framework enabled by low-dimensional phase-change films," Nature 511(7508), 206–211 (2014). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. M. A. Kats, S. J. Byrnes, R. Blanchard, M. Kolle, P. Genevet, J. Aizenberg, and F. Capasso, "Enhancement of absorption and color contrast in ultra-thin highly absorbing optical coatings," Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(10), 101104 (2013). [CrossRef]
13. B. Ding, M. Qiu, and R. J. Blaikie, "Manipulating light absorption in dye-doped dielectric films on reflecting surfaces," Opt. Express 22(21), 25965–25975 (2014). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
14. H. Song, L. Guo, Z. Liu, K. Liu, X. Zeng, D. Ji, N. Zhang, H. Hu, S. Jiang, and Q. Gan, "Nanocavity enhancement for ultra-thin film optical absorber," Adv. Mater. 26(17), 2737–2743 (2014). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
15. F. F. Schlich and R. Spolenak, "Strong interference in ultrathin semiconducting layers on a wide variety of substrate materials," Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(21), 213112 (2013). [CrossRef]
16. Z. Li, S. Butun, and K. Aydin, "Large-area, lithography-free super absorbers and color filters at visible frequencies using ultrathin metallic films," ACS Photonics 2(2), 183–188 (2015). [CrossRef]
17. Z. Li, E. Palacios, S. Butun, H. Kocer, and K. Aydin, "Omnidirectional, broadband light absorption using large-area, ultrathin lossy metallic film coatings," Sci. Rep. 5, 15137 (2015). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
18. H. Kocer, S. Butun, Z. Li, and K. Aydin, "Reduced near-infrared absorption using ultra-thin lossy metals in Fabry-Perot cavities," Sci. Rep. 5, 8157 (2015). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
19. Z. Wang, T. S. Luk, Y. Tan, D. Ji, M. Zhou, Q. Gan, and Z. Yu, "Tunneling-enabled spectrally selective thermal emitter based on flat metallic films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 106(10), 101104 (2015). [CrossRef]
20. F. F. Schlich, P. Zalden, A. M. Lindenberg, and R. Spolenak, "Color switching with enhanced optical contrast in ultrathin phase-change materials and semiconductors induced by femtosecond laser pulses," ACS Photonics 2(2), 178–182 (2015). [CrossRef]
21. K. T. Lee, S. Seo, J. Y. Lee, and L. J. Guo, "Strong resonance effect in a lossy medium-based optical cavity for angle robust spectrum filters," Adv. Mater. 26(36), 6324–6328 (2014). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
22. W. Streyer, S. Law, G. Rooney, T. Jacobs, and D. Wasserman, "Strong absorption and selective emission from engineered metals with dielectric coatings," Opt. Express 21(7), 9113–9122 (2013). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
23. J. W. Cleary, R. Soref, and J. R. Hendrickson, "Long-wave infrared tunable thin-film perfect absorber utilizing highly doped silicon-on-sapphire," Opt. Express 21(16), 19363–19374 (2013). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. S. S. Mirshafieyan and J. Guo, "Silicon colors: spectral selective perfect light absorption in single layer silicon films on aluminum surface and its thermal tunability," Opt. Express 22(25), 31545–31554 (2014). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25. J. W. Cleary, N. Nader, K. D. Leedy, and R. Soref, "Tunable short-to mid-infrared perfectly absorbing thin films utilizing conductive zinc oxide on metal," Opt. Mater. Express 5(9), 1898–1909 (2015). [CrossRef]
26. K. T. Lee, C. Ji, and L. J. Guo, "Wide-angle, polarization-independent ultrathin broadband visible absorbers," Appl. Phys. Lett. 108(3), 031107 (2016). [CrossRef]
27. W. W. Salisbury, U.S. Patent 2,599,944 (10 June 1952).
28. M. Hövel, B. Gompf, and M. Dressel, "Dielectric properties of ultrathin metal films around the percolation threshold," Phys. Rev. B 81(3), 035402 (2010). [CrossRef]
29. B. Gompf, J. Beister, T. Brandt, J. Pflaum, and M. Dressel, "Nanometer-thick Au-films as antireflection coating for infrared light," Opt. Lett. 32(11), 1578–1580 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
30. P. Yeh, Optical Waves in Layered Media (Wiley, New Jersey, 2005), Chap. 5.
31. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of Continuous Media (Pergamon, Oxford, 1960), Chap. 61.
K. X. Wang, Z. Yu, V. Liu, Y. Cui, and S. Fan, "Absorption enhancement in ultrathin crystalline silicon solar cells with antireflection and light-trapping nanocone gratings," Nano Lett. 12(3), 1616–1619 (2012).
J. Leuthold, C. Koos, and W. Freude, "Nonlinear silicon photonics," Nat. Photonics 4(8), 535–544 (2010).
J. N. Anker, W. P. Hall, O. Lyandres, N. C. Shah, J. Zhao, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Biosensing with plasmonic nanosensors," Nat. Mater. 7(6), 442–453 (2008).
M. G. Nielsen, A. Pors, O. Albrektsen, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi, "Efficient absorption of visible radiation by gap plasmon resonators," Opt. Express 20(12), 13311–13319 (2012).
J. Hendrickson, J. Guo, B. Zhang, W. Buchwald, and R. Soref, "Wideband perfect light absorber at midwave infrared using multiplexed metal structures," Opt. Lett. 37(3), 371–373 (2012).
Z. Fang, Y. R. Zhen, L. Fan, X. Zhu, and P. Nordlander, "Tunable wide-angle plasmonic perfect absorber at visible frequencies," Phys. Rev. B 85(24), 245401 (2012).
B. Zhang, J. Hendrickson, and J. Guo, "Multispectral near perfect metamaterial absorbers using spatially multiplexed plasmon resonance metal square structures," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 30(3), 656–662 (2013).
T. Sun, C. F. Guo, F. Cao, E. M. Akinoglu, Y. Wang, M. Giersig, Z. Ren, and K. Kempa, "A broadband solar absorber with 12 nm thick ultrathin a-Si layer by using random metallic nanomeshes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 104(25), 251119 (2014).
W. Kim, B. S. Simpkins, J. P. Long, B Zhang, J. Hendrickson, and J. Guo, "Localized and nonlocalized plasmon resonance enhanced light absorption in metal-insulator-metal nanostructures," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 32(8), 1686–1692 (2015).
M. A. Kats, R. Blanchard, P. Genevet, and F. Capasso, "Nanometre optical coatings based on strong interference effects in highly absorbing media," Nat. Mater. 12(1), 20–24 (2013).
P. Hosseini, C. D. Wright, and H. Bhaskaran, "An optoelectronic framework enabled by low-dimensional phase-change films," Nature 511(7508), 206–211 (2014).
M. A. Kats, S. J. Byrnes, R. Blanchard, M. Kolle, P. Genevet, J. Aizenberg, and F. Capasso, "Enhancement of absorption and color contrast in ultra-thin highly absorbing optical coatings," Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(10), 101104 (2013).
B. Ding, M. Qiu, and R. J. Blaikie, "Manipulating light absorption in dye-doped dielectric films on reflecting surfaces," Opt. Express 22(21), 25965–25975 (2014).
H. Song, L. Guo, Z. Liu, K. Liu, X. Zeng, D. Ji, N. Zhang, H. Hu, S. Jiang, and Q. Gan, "Nanocavity enhancement for ultra-thin film optical absorber," Adv. Mater. 26(17), 2737–2743 (2014).
F. F. Schlich and R. Spolenak, "Strong interference in ultrathin semiconducting layers on a wide variety of substrate materials," Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(21), 213112 (2013).
Z. Li, S. Butun, and K. Aydin, "Large-area, lithography-free super absorbers and color filters at visible frequencies using ultrathin metallic films," ACS Photonics 2(2), 183–188 (2015).
Z. Li, E. Palacios, S. Butun, H. Kocer, and K. Aydin, "Omnidirectional, broadband light absorption using large-area, ultrathin lossy metallic film coatings," Sci. Rep. 5, 15137 (2015).
H. Kocer, S. Butun, Z. Li, and K. Aydin, "Reduced near-infrared absorption using ultra-thin lossy metals in Fabry-Perot cavities," Sci. Rep. 5, 8157 (2015).
Z. Wang, T. S. Luk, Y. Tan, D. Ji, M. Zhou, Q. Gan, and Z. Yu, "Tunneling-enabled spectrally selective thermal emitter based on flat metallic films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 106(10), 101104 (2015).
F. F. Schlich, P. Zalden, A. M. Lindenberg, and R. Spolenak, "Color switching with enhanced optical contrast in ultrathin phase-change materials and semiconductors induced by femtosecond laser pulses," ACS Photonics 2(2), 178–182 (2015).
K. T. Lee, S. Seo, J. Y. Lee, and L. J. Guo, "Strong resonance effect in a lossy medium-based optical cavity for angle robust spectrum filters," Adv. Mater. 26(36), 6324–6328 (2014).
W. Streyer, S. Law, G. Rooney, T. Jacobs, and D. Wasserman, "Strong absorption and selective emission from engineered metals with dielectric coatings," Opt. Express 21(7), 9113–9122 (2013).
J. W. Cleary, R. Soref, and J. R. Hendrickson, "Long-wave infrared tunable thin-film perfect absorber utilizing highly doped silicon-on-sapphire," Opt. Express 21(16), 19363–19374 (2013).
S. S. Mirshafieyan and J. Guo, "Silicon colors: spectral selective perfect light absorption in single layer silicon films on aluminum surface and its thermal tunability," Opt. Express 22(25), 31545–31554 (2014).
J. W. Cleary, N. Nader, K. D. Leedy, and R. Soref, "Tunable short-to mid-infrared perfectly absorbing thin films utilizing conductive zinc oxide on metal," Opt. Mater. Express 5(9), 1898–1909 (2015).
K. T. Lee, C. Ji, and L. J. Guo, "Wide-angle, polarization-independent ultrathin broadband visible absorbers," Appl. Phys. Lett. 108(3), 031107 (2016).
W. W. Salisbury, U.S. Patent 2,599,944 (10 June 1952).
M. Hövel, B. Gompf, and M. Dressel, "Dielectric properties of ultrathin metal films around the percolation threshold," Phys. Rev. B 81(3), 035402 (2010).
B. Gompf, J. Beister, T. Brandt, J. Pflaum, and M. Dressel, "Nanometer-thick Au-films as antireflection coating for infrared light," Opt. Lett. 32(11), 1578–1580 (2007).
P. Yeh, Optical Waves in Layered Media (Wiley, New Jersey, 2005), Chap. 5.
L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of Continuous Media (Pergamon, Oxford, 1960), Chap. 61.
Aizenberg, J.
Akinoglu, E. M.
Albrektsen, O.
Anker, J. N.
Aydin, K.
Beister, J.
Bhaskaran, H.
Blaikie, R. J.
Blanchard, R.
Bozhevolnyi, S. I.
Brandt, T.
Buchwald, W.
Butun, S.
Byrnes, S. J.
Cao, F.
Capasso, F.
Cleary, J. W.
Cui, Y.
Ding, B.
Dressel, M.
Fan, L.
Fan, S.
Fang, Z.
Freude, W.
Gan, Q.
Genevet, P.
Giersig, M.
Gompf, B.
Guo, C. F.
Guo, J.
Guo, L.
Guo, L. J.
Hall, W. P.
Hendrickson, J.
Hendrickson, J. R.
Hosseini, P.
Hövel, M.
Hu, H.
Jacobs, T.
Ji, C.
Ji, D.
Jiang, S.
Kats, M. A.
Kempa, K.
Kim, W.
Kocer, H.
Kolle, M.
Koos, C.
Law, S.
Lee, J. Y.
Lee, K. T.
Leedy, K. D.
Leuthold, J.
Lindenberg, A. M.
Liu, K.
Liu, V.
Liu, Z.
Long, J. P.
Luk, T. S.
Lyandres, O.
Mirshafieyan, S. S.
Nader, N.
Nielsen, M. G.
Nordlander, P.
Palacios, E.
Pflaum, J.
Pors, A.
Qiu, M.
Ren, Z.
Rooney, G.
Schlich, F. F.
Seo, S.
Shah, N. C.
Simpkins, B. S.
Song, H.
Soref, R.
Spolenak, R.
Streyer, W.
Sun, T.
Tan, Y.
Van Duyne, R. P.
Wang, K. X.
Wang, Y.
Wang, Z.
Wasserman, D.
Wright, C. D.
Yu, Z.
Zalden, P.
Zeng, X.
Zhang, B
Zhang, B.
Zhang, N.
Zhao, J.
Zhen, Y. R.
Zhou, M.
Zhu, X.
ACS Photonics (2)
Adv. Mater. (2)
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (2)
Nano Lett. (1)
Nat. Mater. (2)
Nat. Photonics (1)
Opt. Mater. Express (1)
Phys. Rev. B (2)
Sci. Rep. (2)
Table 1 Parameters of Perfect Light Absorbers
Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.
(1) R= | r | 2 = | M 21 M 11 | 2 ,
(2) M=( M 11 M 12 M 21 M 22 )= D 0 −1 ( D 1 P 1 D 1 −1 )( D 2 P 2 D 2 −1 ) D 3 .
(3) P i =( exp(j φ i ) 0 0 exp(−j φ i ) ), where φ i = 2π( n i −j k i ) d i λ .
(4) D i =( 1 1 ( n i −j k i )cos θ i −( n i −j k i )cos θ i ),
(5) D i =( cos θ i cos θ i ( n i −j k i ) −( n i −j k i ) ),
(6) φ total = φ s −( φ 21 + φ 23 )
(7) Q= ω ε 0 8π Im[ ε r ]| E 0 | 2 ,
Parameters of Perfect Light Absorbers
Silicon cavity layer thickness (nm)
Perfect absorption wavelength (nm) 540 640 750 870
Peak absorbance (%) 99.5 99.9 99.9 100
Ratio of Si thickness to peak absorption wavelength 1/18 1/16 1/15 1/14.5
Skin depth in Al (nm) 12.0 11.6 12.0 13.2
Phase change at bottom Si-Al boundary (rad) 1.65 1.90 2.07 2.14
Total phase change at two Si-Al boundaries (rad) 2.11 2.47 2.75 2.91


How did you come up with the idea of Jack Stalwart?
I love to travel and thought it would be fun to write a children's book series where the main character got to travel the world. What better way to do that than as a secret agent!
Where do you find inspiration for each Jack Stalwart story?
Whenever I sit down to write a new Jack Stalwart story, I crack open an Atlas and take a look at the map of the world. I think about where I might like to travel to and where I would like to send Jack. Then, I think about the important people, places and possessions in those places and ask myself whether a mission could be created from them. Once I have the setting and the mission, the story starts to write itself.
What's your favorite Jack Stalwart book?
How do you come up with character names?
I try to create names that are meaningful and memorable. Jack's surname, 'Stalwart', means 'dependable' and 'trustworthy'. Madame Midori (the villain from the Japan story) got her name from the green eye shadow that she wears. ('Midori' is 'green' in Japanese). Treasure hunter Callous Carl (from the Mexico story) was hard-hearted and had rough hands so he deserved to be called 'callous'.
Have you been to all of the places that you've written about?
I have traveled to New York, France, England, Cambodia, Japan, Australia, Italy, Mexico and Kenya. But I had to do research and use my imagination for China, Russia, the Arctic, Nepal and Egypt.
I think the series resonates well with boys because it contains a lot of action, adventure and suspense. It's also written in a style that is straight forward and to the point. That being said, I get quite a few emails and letters from girls who enjoy the series too. I also get letters from parents of children with dyslexia and ADHD who have found the simple language and larger font sizes of the Jack Stalwart series helpful.
How old were you when you started writing books?
I was 34 years old when I wrote the first Jack Stalwart book, although creative writing was one of my favorite classes as a child. When I was 9, I wrote a book called The Girl Who Wanted a Horse ... because I did!
Did the Jack Stalwart series inspire the Secret Agent Training Manual series?
Over the years, Jack and I have received thousands of letters from children asking how they can become a secret agent like Jack. So I thought it would be fun to create a series that introduced them to basic secret agent/ spy skills. Code-breaking seemed a natural place to start! The first book in the series is called How to Make and Break Top Secret Messages. Subsequent books will discuss basic spy craft and the history of intelligence gathering.
What is the best and worst part of being a writer?
The best part is knowing that I have created a meaningful and relatable character for children. It tickles me to see the letters that children send to Jack via the www.jackstalwart.com website. They love him, trust him and want to be like him. My hope is that when these children are older, they will remember Jack fondly. Some might even decide to follow in his footsteps and work for an organization that saves the world's most precious people, places and possessions. Honestly, there are no worsts in being a writer. Unless you count writer's block!
That's a very good question as I have very little of it! I am a full-time wife and mother with two children and a rambunctious rescue dog. Besides being at home with my family, I love to hike, swim, travel and go to the movies! I also like to learn new languages and have been studying how to speak and read Thai off and on for more than ten years.
You originally self-published the Jack Stalwart series. What advice would you give to others wanting to take the same path?
First, you should research the marketplace to see whether a book idea like yours already exists. For example, if you're writing a time travel book, you should make sure that the premise of yours is unique. Second, you should also ask many people to read your book and provide both positive and negative feedback. These readers should be from your target reader group. If you're writing a children's book, your old Aunt Sally is NOT your target reader! Sometimes the criticisms are hard to take, but they are important. You'll be spending a lot of time and money developing and printing your self-published book and you want to make sure that it will sell.
What's next for Elizabeth Singer Hunt?
I've recently published a middle grade book called Swamp Mysteries: The Treasure of Jean Lafitte. The story chronicles the adventures of four 12-year-old friends as they solve paranormal (i.e. ghost!) mysteries in the swamps and bayous of Louisiana. It's a bit like Scooby-Doo with a southern twist!
In addition to Swamp Mysteries, I've just finished the first four books in the new Secret Agents Jack and Max Stalwart series. Books 1 and 2 are already out. Books 3 and 4 are launching in March 2019.


text:
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Faculty of Languages & Literatures
Professorship for Data Modelling & Interdisciplinary Knowledge Generation
Prof. Dr. Mirco Schönfeld
Oliver Baumann
Fluid Ontologies of Contestation
Network Embedding for Economic Issues
Your thesis
Lecture Data Modeling and Knowledge Generation
Seminar Social Network Analysis
Seminar Introduction to Computer-based Text Analysis
Introduction to R for students of humanities and social sciences
Home > Team > Prof. Dr. Mirco Schönfeld Print page
Telephone: 0921 - 55 4597
E-Mail: mirco.schoenfeld@uni-bayreuth.de
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95448 Bayreuth, Germany
As of September 1, 2019, Mirco Schönfeld has been appointed to the Junior Professorship for Data Modeling and Interdisciplinary Knowledge Generation at the University of Bayreuth.
Mirco Schönfeld studied media informatics at LMU Munich, where he also received his PhD in computer science in 2016 on the topic of "Contextual Reference and Authenticity in Social Networks". He then worked as a postdoc at the School of Politics at the Technical University of Munich in the field of Computational Social Science.
His research focuses on the analysis of large and dynamic social, political, and economic systems and the algorithmic challenges posed by linking structure and content in the analysis. His work is at the intersection of computer science and the digital humanities and social sciences.
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If you're looking for something to entertain kids aged 8-12 over the summer, and the chance for them to learn some useful tech skills into the bargain, you may want to register them for this year's Apple Camp. Apple holds annual workshops at its retail stores intended to help kids make creative use of technology. This year's workshops are focused on coding & robotics, movie-making and story-telling.


text:
Roo rumour is 'rubbish' blasts boss
DAVID MOYES has described as "rubbish" reports of another bust-up with Wayne Rooney.
The young striker was substituted at half-time of yesterday's goalless draw with Manchester City.
And some reports today suggested Rooney reacted badly to the decision.
The Blues' boss utterly refuted the suggestion, but is keen that the 18-year-old does not become the subject of more unfounded media speculation this week.
Yesterday's substitution was the second time running Rooney has been replaced, following his 55th minute withdrawal at Bolton the week before.
But Moyes is acutely aware of the need to protect the youngster right now and will not discuss the teenager publicly.
Rooney stayed on the subs titutes' bench throughout the second half and was in the dressing room after the match, before being selected for a random drugs test.
After yesterday's match Moyes said: "He is a great boy who is doing terrifically well. We are very pleased with him.
"He is a special talent who is only 18 and we are trying to nurture that talent and bring him on as much as we possibly can."
The positive impression made by Kevin Campbell as a late substitute increases Moyes' options up front, while Duncan Ferguson may play for the reserves tomorrow night at Hyde United against Manchester City.
But the Blues are waiting to discover the extent of Tony Hibbert's ankle injury which forced his half-time substitution.
Joseph Yobo should shake off a neck injury in time to deputise if necessary.


Philip Jacob Spener recognizes the importance of clergy in the reform of the church. (Unfortunately, he only thought men should be pastors–so his quotes in this blog will reflect that. Just so you are aware, I am committed to the full participation of men and women in all areas of leadership and ministry in the church based upon calling and giftedness.) This does not contradict, but goes hand in hand with Spener's emphasis on the priesthood of all believers.
Since ministers must bear the greatest burden in all these things which pertain to a reform of the church, and since their shortcomings do correspondingly great harm, it is of the utmost importance that the office of the ministry be occupied by men (sic!) who, above all, are themselves true Christians and, then, have the divine wisdom to guide others carefully on the way of the Lord. It is therefore important, indeed necessary, for the reform of the church that only such persons be called who may be suited, and that nothing at all except the glory of God be kept in view during the whole procedure of calling. Spener, Philip Jacob (1964-01-01). Pia Desideria (p. 103). Fortress Press. Kindle Edition.
While ministry has become a profession, and in some circles a CEO style business profession, Spener calls ministers to a life of holiness. Those who are called to the ministry of the pastorate are to live exemplary lives in the power of the Spirit. It is a matter of character. I am increasingly realizing the importance of self-awareness and examination, and the importance of striving towards gentleness, and kindness for pastoral leaders. This type of ministry life requires surrender, a reigning in of ego, a letting go. While credentials and knowledge can be important, following in the ways of Jesus is more important. We are crucified with Christ.
The pietist Mission Friends, the forerunners of the Evangelical Covenant Church, asked each other often: Are you alive in Jesus? That is a question to ask all followers, and it is a question that should be on the heart of clergy. Pastors are to be women and men who are in a deepening relationship with Jesus Christ and with mission friends. The hearts of pastors are to be warm towards Christ. This is the only place from which to serve and lead.
It is certain that a young man (sic) who fervently loves God, although adorned with limited gifts, will be more useful to the church of God with his meager talent and academic achievement than a vain and worldly fool with double doctor's degrees who is very clever but has not been taught by God. The work of the former is blessed, and he is aided by the Holy Spirit. The latter has only a carnal knowledge, with which he can easily do more harm than good. Spener, Philip Jacob (1964-01-01). Pia Desideria (p. 108). Fortress Press. Kindle Edition.
It would be especially helpful if the professors would pay attention to the life as well as the studies of the students entrusted to them and would from time to time speak to those who need to be spoken to. Spener, Philip Jacob (1964-01-01). Pia Desideria (p. 107). Fortress Press. Kindle Edition.
He calls them to be mentors and guides, people who point the way forward for ministry candidates, and who pull these candidates back in line when they get off track. Professors don't just teach towards greater learning; professors guide students towards holiness.
This is the challenge before us who teach in seminaries and desire to see ministry leaders become theologically reflective practitioners–who think and act and live well. How must seminaries continue to change? Fuller Theological Seminary is intentionally engaging in this formation process. My departments at Fuller–the Doctor of Ministry Program and the Berry Center for Lifelong Learning are dedicated to this endeavor.
More personal–how shall seminary professors teach and live and mentor in order to encourage ministry leaders and those in training to live into their calling? This will change the way we spend our professional hours.
Spener one more time: Just because theology is a practical discipline and does not consist only of knowledge, study alone is not enough, nor is the mere accumulation and imparting of information. Accordingly thought should be given to ways of instituting all kinds of exercises through which students may become accustomed to and experienced in those things which belong to practice and to their edification. Spener, Philip Jacob (1964-01-01). Pia Desideria (p. 112). Fortress Press. Kindle Edition.


text:
Work of Art: The Water Spiral by Michelena Bamford and Lane Shordee
by Curated by Katherine Ylitalo June 8, 2018 February 5, 2019
Located on the grounds of the Wildwood Community Association, The Water Spiral is a kinetic sculpture that functions as a windmill, cistern and pump.
Photograph by Mark Eleven Photography
Title: The Water Spiral, 2014
Artists: Michelena Bamford and Lane Shordee
Medium: Reclaimed wood and metal, water.
Size: 12-feet high by 12-feet in diameter (above ground); eight-feet deep (underground).
Location: 4411 Spruce Dr. S.W.
Note: This project received support from the Wildwood Community Association and Calgary Economic Development, in partnership with the Calgary Foundation, through their Soul of the City Neighbour Grants, as well as individual donations and sweat equity from community volunteers.
Located on the grounds of the Wildwood Community Association, The Water Spiral is a kinetic sculpture that functions as a windmill, cistern and pump. The main structure is a wooden deck inlaid with a spiral timeline marking the history of the neighbourhood. A bench encircles the deck. Four curved, metal sails catch the wind, gently revolving around a central shaft. The sails activate propellers in the tank below to aerate water collected from the roof of the Wildwood Community Centre via a downspout. Throughout the summer, children and adults alike delight in drawing water for the community permaculture garden designed by Ted Bahr of Prairie Sage Permaculture (the first community permaculture garden in the city) using an old-style hand-powered water pump.
The sculpture has the folksy aesthetic of a prairie homestead: patchwork, resourceful, inventive. When mosaic artist and facilitator Michelena Bamford, a Wildwood resident for more than 20 years and owner of Wolf Willow Studio, envisioned a project for the community using recycled materials, she brought in scavenger artist Lane Shordee for his metal and woodworking skills. An associate artist with Watershed+ Dynamic Environment Lab, Shordee's work often touches on water use. The collaborators soon found that they shared a real interest in and knack for community-building through art and hoped to connect land, environment and community in the space by the north wall of the community hall.
Bamford and Shordee rounded up wood and metal materials from the 2014 Wildwood Cleanup and built the sculpture on location. The Wildwood Community Association also allowed the artists to draw from a collection of street signs they had saved over the years. During a workshop led by artist and writer Jenna Swift, a co-facilitator on the project, neighbours came up with blessings for the water that Bamford then inscribed on a metal plate under the deck. The involvement of community members of all ages is what gives this project its distinct flavour, adding to the life of the community while creating a visual focal point, an outdoor social space and a reminder of the importance of water.
Photograph by Dana Prediger
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Maroon 5, Meghan Trainor tour coming to Tampa in 2020
The Super Bowl halftime headliners are heading out on an extensive world tour next year.
Adam Levine and his tatted-up torso are headed back to Florida.
Months after headlining halftime of the Super Bowl, Maroon 5 have announced a huge 2020 tour that will bring them to the MidFlorida Credit Union Amphitheatre in Tampa on Sept. 17. It is, at the moment, the final date on a trek that'll see the pop-rock superstars headlining stadiums and festivals around the world.
Opening the show is a pretty notable artist in her own right in Meghan Trainor, the former Best New Artist Grammy winner who hasn't performed in Tampa since 2014. With Trainor's All About That Bass, Lips Are Movin and No opening for Maroon 5′s Moves Like Jagger, This Love and Girls Like You, it should be a night of wall-to-wall hits.
Tickets to the Maroon 5/Meghan Trainor spectacular in Tampa go on sale at noon Dec. 13, and it's a safe bet this one will sell out, so if you want in, get them early. Click here for details.
Up next:This week's top Tampa Bay concerts: Tony Bennett, Bad Bunny, John Prine
Jay Cridlin
Economic Development Reporter