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text:
\section{Introduction}
\noindent The Standard Model (SM) has been very successful to describe the experimental data from accelerator physics so far. With new colliders, like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) or later on the International Linear Collider (ILC), becoming operational, the hope is to detect signals which could reveal physics beyond the SM, that in turn provide answers to the many theoretical questions left unanswered by the SM.\\
\\
One of the most motivated scenarios for new physics is generally considered to be Supersymmetry (SUSY). In the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM), the large number of free parameters makes the phenomenological studies rather complicated. Many studies are therefore based on the constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (CMSSM) -- often called mSUGRA -- with the number of parameters reduced to five, corresponding to $m_0$ (common mass of scalar particles at the supersymmetric grand unification scale), $m_{1/2}$ (universal gaugino mass), $A_0$ (universal trilinear SUSY breaking parameter), together with the sign of the Higgs mixing parameter $\mu$ and the ratio of the two Higgs vacuum expectation values $\tan\beta$.\\
\\
Many studies have been performed to constrain the supersymmetric parameter space, and in particular direct and indirect searches for new particles have provided lower bounds on their masses \cite{PDG2006}. Other constraints come from the cosmological observations of the large scale structures and the cosmic microwave background \cite{wmap}, the measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon ($g_\mu -2$) \cite{g_2}, and the study of radiative B meson decays.\\
\\
The precision measurements of the radiative B meson decays, which have become possible with the operation of the B factories and other B-dedicated experiments, have provided exciting opportunities for mapping possible routes beyond the SM. One such rare decay mode is the exclusive process $B\to K^*\gamma$ and its
associated inclusive transition $b\to s\gamma$, which have been extensively used to constrain new physics \cite{battaglia,allanach}.
Consequently, a thorough investigation of the branching ratio of these decay modes has been instrumental in constraining the parameter space of various models.
In this paper, we focus on another observable, the isospin asymmetry, and we will show that this observable may even lead to more stringent constraints than the branching ratios.\\
\\
The isospin asymmetry for the exclusive process $B\to K^*\gamma$ is defined as:
\begin{equation}
\Delta_{0-}=\frac{\Gamma (\bar B^0\to\bar K^{*0}\gamma ) -\Gamma (B^-\to K^{*-}\gamma )}{\Gamma (\bar B^0\to\bar K^{*0}\gamma )+\Gamma (B^-\to K^{*-}\gamma
)}\;\; , \label{isospinasym}
\end{equation}
with $\Delta_{0+}$ obtained from eq.(\ref{isospinasym}) by using the charge conjugate modes.
The most recent data for exclusive decays from Belle \cite{belle} and Babar \cite{babar} point to isospin asymmetries of at most a few percent, consistent with zero within the experimental errors:
\begin{eqnarray}
\Delta_{0-}&=& +0.050 \pm 0.045({\rm stat.})\pm 0.028({\rm syst.})\pm 0.024(R^{+/0})\;\;\; (\mbox{Babar})\; , \label{babar}\\
\Delta_{0+}&=& +0.012 \pm 0.044({\rm stat.})\pm 0.026({\rm syst.})\;\;\; (\mbox{Belle})\; , \label{belle}
\end{eqnarray}
where the last error in eq.(\ref{babar}) is due to the uncertainty in the ratio of the branching fractions of the neutral and charged B meson production in $\Upsilon (4S)$ decays. Within the SM, this asymmetry, which is due to the non-spectator contributions, has been estimated in the literature, using the QCD factorization approach in Refs. \cite{kagan} and \cite{bosch},  Brodsky-Lepage formalism \cite{petrov}, and the perturbative QCD method \cite{keum}. On the other hand, Ref. \cite{ac} deals with the effects of an additional generation of vector-like quarks on the isospin symmetry breaking in $B\to K^*\gamma$. We consider here the QCD factorization method for our calculations.\\
\\
In the following, we first present the general framework of our investigation, followed by an analysis of the constraints of the isospin asymmetry on the mSUGRA parameter space in the context of minimal flavor violation. In order to compare the constraints due to isospin breaking with those obtained from the branching ratios, the results for inclusive branching ratio are reproduced as well.
\section{General framework}
\noindent The effective Hamiltonian for $b\to s\gamma$ transitions reads:
\begin{equation}
{\cal H}_{eff}=\frac{G_F}{\sqrt{2}}\sum_{p=u,c} V^*_{ps}V_{pb} \left[ C_1(\mu) \, O^p_1(\mu) + C_2(\mu) \, O^p_2(\mu) +\sum_{i=3}^8 C_i(\mu) \, O_i(\mu)\right]\;\;,
\end{equation}
where $G_F$ is the Fermi coupling constant, $V_{ij}$ are elements of the CKM matrix, $O_i(\mu)$ are the operators relevant to $B\to K^*\gamma$ and $C_i(\mu)$ are the corresponding Wilson coefficients evaluated at the scale $\mu$. Since the combination $V^*_{us}V_{ub}$ is an order of magnitude smaller than $V^*_{cs}V_{cb}$, we can safely neglect the u-quark terms. The operators $O_i$ can be listed as follows:
\begin{eqnarray}
\nonumber O_1^p&=&\bar s_\alpha\gamma^\mu P_Lp_\beta\bar p_\beta\gamma_\mu P_Lb_\alpha \;\; ,\raisebox{0cm}[0cm][0.4cm]{~}\\
\nonumber O_2^p&=&\bar s_\alpha\gamma^\mu P_L p_\alpha\bar p_\beta\gamma_\mu P_Lb_\beta \;\; ,\raisebox{0cm}[0cm][0.3cm]{~}\\
\nonumber O_3&=&\bar s_\alpha\gamma^\mu P_Lb_\alpha\sum_{q}\bar q_\beta\gamma_\mu P_Lq_\beta \;\; ,\\
O_4&=&\bar s_\alpha\gamma^\mu P_Lb_\beta\sum_{q}\bar q_\beta\gamma_\mu P_Lq_\alpha \;\; ,\\
\nonumber O_5&=&\bar s_\alpha\gamma^\mu P_Lb_\alpha\sum_{q}\bar q_\beta\gamma_\mu P_Rq_\beta \;\; ,\\
\nonumber O_6&=&\bar s_\alpha\gamma^\mu P_Lb_\beta\sum_{q}\bar q_\beta\gamma_\mu P_Rq_\alpha \;\; ,\\
\nonumber O_7 &=&\frac{e}{4\pi^2} m_b \bar s_\alpha\sigma^{\mu\nu} P_R b_\alpha F_{\mu\nu} \raisebox{0cm}[0cm][0.4cm]{~}\;\; ,\\
\nonumber O_8 &=&\frac{g_s}{4\pi^2} m_b \bar s_\alpha\sigma^{\mu\nu} P_R T^a_{\alpha\beta}b_\beta G_{\mu\nu}^a \raisebox{0cm}[0cm][0.2cm]{~}\;\;,
\label{operators}
\end{eqnarray}
where $P_L(P_R)=\dfrac{1-(+)\gamma_5}{2}$ are the projection operators. The electroweak penguin operators are omitted from the above list as their contributions to the process at hand are negligibly small compared to the others. \\
\\
The presence of SUSY particles does not introduce new operators in the list, however, the Wilson coefficients $C_i$ receive additional contributions from virtual sparticles.\\
We use the expressions of the Wilson coefficients at the next to leading order (NLO) in the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s$. They are first calculated at the scale $\mu_W = O(M_W)$. The contributions from the W boson ($SM$), the charged Higgs ($H$) and the charginos ($\chi$), as well as the leading $\tan\beta$ corrections to the W boson and the charged Higgs are considered:
\begin{eqnarray}
C_i(\mu_W)=C_i^{SM}(\mu_W)+\delta C_i^{H}(\mu_W)+\delta C_i^{\chi}(\mu_W)+\delta C_i^{(SM,\tan\beta)}(\mu_W)+\delta C_i^{(H,\tan\beta)}(\mu_W)\;\;.
\end{eqnarray}
The contributions from the gluino and neutralino are neglected in our work, as they are known to be negligible in the minimal flavor violating scenario~\cite{bertolini}.
The reason is that within mSUGRA framework, there exists a strong correlation among various parameters. In particular, the down squarks, which appear in the gluino and neutralino loops are much heavier than the stops, the virtual partner in the chargino loop. In fact, chargino can be relatively light and since at least one of the stops can also be light, their loop results in a considerable contribution.\\
\\
The details of the calculation of the Wilson coefficients at the scale $\mu_W$ are given in Appendix A.
The Wilson coefficients are then evolved through the renormalization group equations to the scale $\mu_b = O(m_b)$, at which they can be used to calculate the isospin asymmetry. Further details are given in Appendix B.\\
\\
Following the method of Ref. \cite{kagan}, one can write the nonspectator isospin symmetry breaking contribution as $A_q=b_qA_{lead}$, where $q$ is the flavor of the light anti-quark in the B meson and $A_{lead}$ is the leading isospin symmetry conserving spectator amplitude. To leading order in $\alpha_s$, the main contribution to $B\to K^*\gamma$ is from the electromagnetic penguin operator $O_7$:
\begin{equation}
A_{lead} = -i\frac{G_F}{\sqrt{2}}V_{cb}V_{cs}^*\,a_7^c\langle K^*\gamma|O_7|B\rangle\;\; .\label{Alead}
\end{equation}
The factorizable amplitude $A_{lead}$ is proportional to the form factor $T_1^{B\to K^*}$ which parameterizes the hadronic matrix element of $O_7$ to the leading order in $\Lambda_{QCD}/m_b$. The coefficient $a_7^c$, which is dominated by $C_7$, is defined in Appendix C. $b_q$ depends on the flavor of the spectator and, in fact, the above parameterization leads to a simple expression for the isospin asymmetry in terms of this parameter:
\begin{equation}
\Delta_{0-}=\mbox{Re} (b_d-b_u)\;\; .\label{asymb}
\end{equation}
The expression for $b_q$, which is derived in \cite{kagan} within the QCD factorization method, can be found in Appendix C.\\
\\
In order to generate the SUSY mass spectrum, as well as the couplings and the mixing matrices, we use the Monte Carlo event generator ISAJET-7.74 \cite{baer}. We perform scans in the mSUGRA parameter space ($m_0$, $m_{1/2}$, $A_0$, $\mbox{sign}(\mu)$, $\tan\beta$). For any mSUGRA parameter space point, we then calculate the isospin asymmetry using eq.(\ref{asymb}), and compare it to the combined experimental limits of eq.(\ref{babar}) and eq.(\ref{belle}). After including the theoretical errors due to the scales and model parameters, we allow mSUGRA parameter space points which stand in the $95\%$ confidence level range
\begin{equation}
-0.047 < \Delta_{0-} < 0.093 \;\;.\label{isospinconstraint}
\end{equation}
For comparison, we also perform the calculation of the inclusive branching ratio of $B\to X_s\gamma$ following Ref. \cite{kagan99}, and allow the mSUGRA parameter space points to be in the $95\%$ confidence level range \cite{battaglia}
\begin{equation}
2.33 \times 10^{-4} < \mathcal{B}(B\to X_s\gamma) < 4.15 \times 10^{-4} \;\;.\label{BRconstraint}
\end{equation}
The points which result in too small light Higgs masses ({\it i.e.} such as $m_{h^0} < 111$ GeV) or which do not satisfy the constraints presented in Table \ref{bounds} are also excluded.\\
\begin{table}[!ht]
\begin{center}\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
Particle & ~~$\chi^0_1$~~ & ~~$\tilde{l}_R$~~ & ~$\tilde{\nu}_{e,\mu}$~ & ~~$\chi^\pm_1$~ & ~~$\tilde{t}_1$~~ & ~~$\tilde{g}$~~~ & ~~$\tilde{b}_1$~~ & ~~$\tilde{\tau}_1$~~ & ~~$\tilde{q}_R$~~\\
\hline
Lower bound & 46 & 88 & 43.7 & 67.7 & 92.6 & 195 & 89 & 81.9 & 250\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Lower bounds on sparticle masses in GeV, obtained from \cite{PDG2006}.}
\label{bounds}
\end{center}
\end{table}%
\\
Finally, we also examine whether the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is charged. Indeed,
the LSP is stable when R-parity is conserved, and to be accounted for dark matter, it has to be neutral. On the other hand, if R-parity is violated, then the LSP is not stable and as such cannot be a candidate for the dark matter. In this case, it is possible to have charged LSP with no constraint from cosmology. In our results, we have identified the parameter space regions where the LSP is charged to indicate the cosmologically disfavored mSUGRA parameters if R-parity is conserved.\\
\\
Our results for $B\to X_s\gamma$ inclusive branching ratio are consistent with those from Ref. \cite{battaglia} and from the MicrOMEGAs code \cite{micromegas}.\\
\\
An analysis of our results is presented in the following section.
\section{Constraints from isospin asymmetry}
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A00_10p_final_mod_v2}~\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A00_20p_final_mod_v2}\\
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A00_30p_final_mod_v2}~\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A00_50p_final_mod_v2}
\caption{Constraints on the mSUGRA parameter plane $(m_{1/2},m_0)$ for $A_0=0$ and for different values of $\tan\beta$. The ``Excluded'' region in gray corresponds to the sparticle or Higgs search constraints of Table~\ref{bounds}. The light green ``Charged LSP'' corresponds to a cosmologically disfavored region. The magenta ``$B\to X_s\gamma$'' contour delimits the region excluded by the inclusive branching ratio in accordance with eq.(\ref{BRconstraint}), whereas the yellow ``Isospin'' region corresponds to the isospin symmetry breaking constraints from eq.(\ref{isospinconstraint}). Note that the color scale is different for the first graph with $\tan\beta=10$.}\label{A00}
\end{figure}%
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A0mm0_10p_final_mod_v2}~\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A0mm0_20p_final_mod_v2}\\
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A0mm0_30p_final_mod_v2}~\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{carte_A0mm0_50p_final_mod_v2}
\caption{Constraints on the mSUGRA parameter plane $(m_{1/2},m_0)$ for $A_0=-m_0$. The conventions for the different regions are the same as in Fig.~\ref{A00}.}\label{A0mm0}
\end{figure}%
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{A00_tanb_m0500_final_mod_v2}~\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{A0mm0_tanb_m0500_final_mod_v2}
\caption{Constraints on the mSUGRA parameter plane $(\tan\beta,m_{1/2})$ for $m_0=500$, with $A_0=0$ and $A_0=-m_0$. The definitions of the different regions are in the text.}\label{tanb}
\end{figure}%
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{A00_m0500_m12_2D}~\includegraphics[width=9cm,height=8cm]{A0mm0_m0500_m12_2D}\\
\hspace*{-0.5cm}\includegraphics[width=8.78cm,height=8cm]{A00_m0500_tanb_2D}~~~~\includegraphics[width=8.78cm,height=8cm]{A0mm0_m0500_tanb_2D}
\caption{Isospin asymmetry versus $m_{1/2}$ and $\tan\beta$ for $A_0=0$ and $A_0=-m_0$.}\label{2D}
\end{figure}%
\noindent We perform scans of the mSUGRA parameter space such that $m_0 \in [0,1000]$, $m_{1/2} \in [0,1000]$, $\tan\beta \in [0,50]$, $A_0 \in [-1000,1000]$ and for both signs of $\mu$. For $\mu < 0$, the supersymmetric contributions to the Wilson coefficients have the same sign as in SM. In this case, the latest experimental results are not sufficient to provide constraints on the mSUGRA parameter space. Moreover, $\mu < 0$ is disfavored by the $(g_{\mu} -2)$ measurements. For $\mu > 0$, the supersymmetric contributions to the Wilson coefficients can have a flipped-sign in comparison to the SM results, leading to a larger isospin breaking, and consequently, the experimental data can impose stringent constraints on the mSUGRA parameter space. Therefore, in the following we will only present results with $\mu>0$.\\
\\
An investigation of the $(m_{1/2},m_0)$ plane for $A_0=0$ is presented in Figure~\ref{A00}. In this figure, the area marked ``Isospin'' corresponds to the region excluded by the isospin breaking constraints, whereas the area marked ``$B\to X_s\gamma$'' corresponds to the region excluded by the inclusive branching ratio constraints. The ``Excluded'' area corresponds to the case where at least one of the particle masses does not satisfy the constraints of Table \ref{bounds}. And finally, ``Charged LSP'' is the cosmologically disfavored region when R-parity is conserved. The various colors represent the changing magnitude of the isospin asymmetry.\\
\\
First, we note that the isospin breaking for a set value of $(m_{1/2},m_0)$ increases with $\tan\beta$. Moreover, for a fixed $\tan\beta$, the asymmetry decreases with larger $m_0$ and $m_{1/2}$. Second, it should be pointed out that the constraints from isospin asymmetry are more stringent than the ones from inclusive branching ratio. However, for low $\tan\beta$ (like $\tan\beta=10$), constraints from both isospin asymmetry and branching ratio are not as restrictive as they are for larger values of $\tan\beta$.\\
\\
Figure~\ref{A0mm0} corresponds to the $(m_{1/2},m_0)$ plane for $A_0=-m_0$. %
The conventions are the same as in the previous figure. Again, we note that the isospin asymmetry is more sensitive to the model parameters than the inclusive branching ratio.
A comparison between Figs. \ref{A00} and \ref{A0mm0} reveals that the isospin symmetry breaking is enhanced by a negative value of $A_0$ so that even for $\tan\beta$ as low as 10 it can produce appreciable constraints. Nonetheless, the global shapes remain similar.\\
\\
The effect of $\tan\beta$ on the isospin asymmetry is illustrated in Figure~\ref{tanb}. %
Indeed, the supersymmetric loop corrections which are proportional to the gluino mass and $\tan\beta$ can be quite large at high $\tan\beta$ limit. This arises from the Hall-Rattazzi-Sarid effect \cite{HRS}, and also from the top-quark Yukawa coupling \cite{D'Ambrosio}.
The enhancement of the isospin breaking by $\tan\beta$, particularly for smaller values of $m_{1/2}$, is clearly depicted in these graphs. These plots illustrate how stringent the isospin asymmetry bounds are at high $\tan\beta$, and also reveal the boost of the isospin breaking by a negative value of $A_0$.
In fact, the same trend is reported in $B_s \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ decay mode where the branching ratio can improve by as much as two orders of magnitude for large values of $\tan\beta$ \cite{choudhury,babu}.\\
\\
Figure~\ref{2D} illustrates the sensitivity of the isospin violation to $\tan\beta$ (and $m_{1/2}$) from a different perspective (and somewhat more clear as they are explicit non-contour plots) where the plots are done with two $A_0$ values: 0 and $-m_0$.\\
\\
To conclude this section, we have shown that the isospin asymmetry can provide stringent constraints on the mSUGRA parameter space, and appears to be even more contraining than the inclusive branching ratio.\\
\section{Summary}
\noindent In this article, we investigated the possibility for the isospin asymmetry in $B\to K^*\gamma$ decay mode to be an interesting observable to derive constraints on the supersymmetric parameter space. To obtain our results, we calculated the NLO supersymmetric contributions to the isospin asymmetry, using the effective Hamiltonian approach within the QCD factorization method and considering the minimal flavor violation. The mSUGRA parameter space was scanned, and the resulting isospin asymmetry for each point was compared to the experimental data from Babar and Belle. Our main conclusion of this comparison is that, provided $\mu>0$, the isospin asymmetry appears to be a powerful observable to constrain the mSUGRA parameter space producing even more stringent restrictions than the inclusive branching ratio. Among the different parameters, the values of $m_{1/2}$ and $\tan\beta$ appear to be restricted more significantly by the isospin symmetry breaking constraints.\\
\\
In this work we considered the mSUGRA model which has the advantage of having a fewer number of free parameters. However, mSUGRA's assumptions are in fact very strong and therefore extending this study to other SUSY models can be of interest.\\
\\
To conclude, with more accurate experimental data, we can hope the isospin asymmetry could reveal to be a very valuable observable to explore the supersymmetric parameter space.
\subsection*{Acknowledgments}
\noindent M.A.'s research is partially funded by a discovery grant from NSERC.  F.M. acknowledges the support of the McCain Fellowship at Mount Allison University.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
North Showcase set for this month
by By Paul Teeple
The Mahoning Valley Phantoms are getting set to once again play host to the North Division Showcase at both the Chevrolet Centre and the Ice Zone from November 28-30.
The six-team Thanksgiving weekend showcase will feature the Phantoms along with four other teams from the North Division - the Motor City Machine, Alpena IceDiggers, Marquette Rangers and Traverse City North Stars - and the two-time Robertson Cup champion St. Louis Bandits.
Previously scheduled in January, the decision was made to move the North Division Showcase to the holiday weekend in order to better serve the future interests of the teams and players participating.
Phantoms head coach and general manager Bob Mainhardt says the move will help gain better exposure to collegiate and professional scouts for the players.
"We feel that it will be highly advantageous for the scouts and coaches to be able to get out and get a second evaluation so close to the Minnesota Showcase," said Mainhardt. "Now the coaches get a chance to come in here on the last week in November and really see what they're working with early on, and we feel that works a lot better for everyone than having the Showcase in January."
Thanks to the continued influx of talent onto North Division teams, Mainhardt says that the expected turnout of college and pro scouts will be at an all-time high for the three-day event.
"Our division has taken another big step forward in terms of talent this season," said Mainhardt, "and there's a lot of interest in a lot of players on each of these teams. I think the scouts are going to make a record showing this year."
Each team will play three games between the Chevrolet Centre and the Ice Zone over the course of the holiday weekend. Ticket prices will be announced on Friday, November 14.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
News CO2
Displaying items by tag: CO2
Aker Carbon Capture appointed for Finnsementti's Lappeenranta cement plant installation
Finland: Finnsementti and energy provider St1 have selected Norway-based Aker Carbon Capture to carry out a pre-engineering study for a planned carbon capture system at the cement producer's Lappeenranta cement plant in South Karelia. Dow Jones Institutional News has reported that Aker Carbon Capture offers a 40,000t/yr carbon capture system, capable of producing 25,000t/yr of methanol for use as transport fuel. The project is scheduled to deliver commercial synthetic methanol by 2026.
The Lappeenranta cement plant carbon capture project recently received Euro35.4m in additional funding from the Finnish government, subject to European Commission approval.
Republic Cement and Ecoloop seek new waste management partners
Philippines: CRH subsidiary Republic Cement and its waste management subsidiary Ecoloop are seeking to establish partnerships with 'sustainability-minded' organisations. BusinessWorld News has reported that Republic Cement and Ecoloop process waste for 12 private companies and 30 local government units. Philippines law will require that large organisations recover 80% of their plastic packaging waste by 2030. For 2023, the minimum is 2023.
Ecoloop managing director Angela Edralin-Valencia said "Our goal is to make our cement a greener and more environmentally friendly product. Our ambition is to replace 50% of our fuel consumption with alternative fuel (AF)." She added "A lot of investments have to be put in place from our end to get to that number, but we are still reviewing our options."
EU awards Euro228m towards CCUS upgrade at Lafarge Poland's Kujawy cement plant
Poland: The European Union (EU) Innovation Fund has awarded Euro228m towards the Go4ECOPlanet carbon capture and storage project at Lafarge Poland's Kujawy cement plant. The project has a total cost of Euro380m.
It will use Air Liquide's Cryocap FG technology to capture the CO2 at the plant. The CO2 will be liquefied and transported by rail to a port and then injected into a depleted oil field for permanent storage. The transport and storage of CO2 once it has left the cement plant will be accomplished by cooperation with other partners with knowledge and experience in the liquefaction, transport and storage of gases. The goal is to create a complete carbon capture and storage industrial and logistics chain. Commissioning of the cement plant upgrade is planned for 2027.
Lafarge Zement to install new solar power plant at Mannersdorf cement plant
Austria: Lafarge Zement has successfully demolished the chimney of a former gas power plant at its Mannersdorf cement plant in Lower Austria. Hans Zöchling GmbH carried out the demolition work. Lafarge Zement plans to use the cleared space for a new solar power plant. Plant manager Helmut Reiterer said that further renewable power projects are also planned at the site.
Zementwerk Hatschek's Gmunden cement plant eliminates 3800t/yr of local CO2 emissions with WHR heating
Austria: Zementwerk Hatschek's Gmunden cement plant eliminated 3800t of CO2 emissions from its local area during 2022 through its contribution to municipal heating. Zementwerk Hatschek, a subsidiary of Rohrdorfer, heats local households using recovered heat from the Gmunden cement plant's waste heat recover (WHR) system.
A delegation of cement plant representatives and local officials from Baden-Württemberg, Germany, visited the plant to learn about its WHR and heat supply systems on 20 January 2022.
Plant manager Peter Fürhapter said "Municipal heating based on our waste heat contributes to CO2 reduction in Upper Austria, helping us to achieve our CO2 reduction goals under the Paris Climate Agreement." He added "We are pleased that with this forward-looking project we are a model for similar projects in Europe."
EU grants Holcim Deutschland Euro110m for new kiln for carbon capture project
Germany: The Carbon2Business carbon capture project at Holcim Deutschland's Lägerdorf cement plant has received Euro110m in funding from the EU. Holcim Deutschland plans to use the funds to install a new oxyfuel kiln with downstream compression and a CO2 cleaning unit at the plant in Schleswig-Holstein. The producer expects to commission the upgraded carbon neutral cement plant in 2029.
Australian government to reduce industrial emissions limits
Australia: The government plans to reform its CO2 emissions Safeguard Mechanism in line with its stated goal of net zero CO2 emissions by 2050. Under the latest proposals, 215 industrial plants, including Australia's cement plants, will have to reduce their CO2 emissions by 4.9% year-on-year every year until 2030. The Australian newspaper has reported that the government is currently receiving submissions on the proposed reform as part of its consultation process, which will end on 24 February 2023.
The Business Council of Australia and the Australian Industry Group have encouraged the government to introduce an adjustment mechanism for imports, based on the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), in conjunction with any tightening of the Safeguard Mechanism.
Thai cement plant installs ThyssenKrupp Polysius' Prepol SC alternative fuels system
Thailand: ThyssenKrupp Polysius says that it has successfully supplied and installed a Prepol SC alternative fuels (AF) system at a 12Mt/yr cement plant in Thailand. The system will supply the plant's four lines with 4000t/day of AF.
ThyssenKrupp Polysius' Asia Pacific CEO Lukas Schoeneck said "Asia Pacific, with its tremendous municipal solid waste (MSW) problem, is ideal when it comes to replacing coal with AF. The Prepol SC technology significantly reduces the need to treat MSW before using the inherent calorific value. Additionally, it helps to further reduce the ambitious CO2 limit targets in the region."
Lhoist and others secure Euro4.5m in EU funding for carbon capture and utilisation project
Belgium: The EU Innovation Fund has awarded Euro4.5m to a consortium consisting of Lhoist, gas provider Fluxys Belgium, concrete products company Prefer and carbonation technology developer Orbix. The collaborators are working on a project called CO2ncrEAT. The project will carbonate steel sector by-products with captured CO2 from Lhoist's Hermalle lime plant to produce alternative building materials. CO2ncrEAT will be the first project to employ Orbix's innovative technique for the purpose. Fluxys Belgium's pipeline technology will convey the Hermalle plant's emissions over a distance of 2km to a Prefer concrete blocks plant.
The consortium said that it will use 12,000t/yr of CO2 to produce 100,000t/yr of reduced-CO2 concrete blocks. The use of alternative raw materials in the blocks will further reduce their carbon footprint by 8000t/yr.
Lhoist Western Europe managing director Vincent Deleers said "The project fits perfectly with our willingness to actively develop CO2 capture and sequestration technologies that are essential to the sustainability of our industry. We are delighted that our work on innovative solutions has been recognised by the European Innovation Fund and we look forward to working with our partners to bring CO2ncrEAT to the next level."
Heidelberg Materials places Euro750m sustainability-linked bond
Germany: Heidelberg Materials has placed a Euro750m sustainability-linked bond as part of a Euro10bn medium-term note programme. Interest on the bond is linked to group CO₂ emissions reduction, according to key performance indicators up to 2026 and 2030. Heidelberg Materials is committed to reducing its emissions per tonne of cementitious product by 30% between 2021 and 2030, to 400kg/t.
Heidelberg Materials' chief financial officer René Aldach said "The placement reinforces our aspiration to achieve the most ambitious climate targets within the industry and to increase the share of sustainable financial instruments to over 70% by 2025. With the denomination of Euro1000, we are the only company on the capital market to date to also offer retail investors the opportunity to invest in sustainability-linked bonds."


text:
Q: CI. PHP. Dynamic Text watermark returns white box and no image I am trying to watermark a png or jpg image with some text. I am using Codeigniter image_lib but I have also tried to do it with PHP only. It works in both cases when it is not dynamic, but if the dynamic option is enabled, then it doesn't work.
Here my attempts:
With PHP:
    $imgpath='../assets/uploads/11/';
    $filename = $_REQUEST['filename'];
    $im = imagecreatefrompng($imgpath.$filename);
    //figure out where to put the text
    $x_offset = 7;
    $y_offset = 7;
    $textcolor = imagecolorallocate($im, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
    imagestring($im, 5, $x_offset, $y_offset, 'watermark text goes here', $textcolor);
    //output watermarked image
    header('Content-type: image/png');
    imagejpeg($im);

With Codeigniter image_lib:
function watermark_image()
{
    $this->load->library('image_lib');
    $imgpath='../assets/uploads/11/';
    $filename = $_REQUEST['filename'];
    //Put them all together to get the full path to the image:
    $config['source_image']     = $imgpath.$filename;
    $config['wm_text']          = date(now());
    $config['wm_type']          = 'text';
    $config['wm_font_path']     = './fonts/arial-webfont.ttf';
    $config['wm_font_size']     = 16;
    $config['wm_font_color']    = 'ffffff';
    $config['wm_vrt_alignment'] = 'middle';
    $config['wm_hor_alignment'] = 'center';
    $config['wm_padding']       = '20';
    $config['dynamic_output']   = TRUE;
    $this->image_lib->initialize($config);

    if (!$this->image_lib->watermark()) {
        echo $this->image_lib->display_errors();
    }

}

But it only outputs a white box:
Box displayed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The proteins in the 10PP family have 10 TMSs in an apparent 5 + 5 arrangement. They are annotated as permeases, but there seems to be no functional information about them.
Uncharacterized DUF979 protein of 317 aas and 10 TMSs.
Uncharacterized protein fragment of 192 aas and 5 TMSs; shows similarity to both 9.B.211 and 2.A.7.


text:
Find people by role View All Wheatsheaf Executive Team Wheatsheaf Group Board Wheatsheaf Advisory Board Investment & Portfolio Team Finance and Legal HR Research Communications
James Kille
Graduate Investment & Portfolio
james.kille@wheatsheafgroup.com
"I provide support to the investment and portfolio team."
James joined Wheatsheaf in September 2019 after the completion of his studies across the Netherlands and Canada.
James studied at Radboud University Nijmegen (BSc International Economics and Business) and Erasmus University Rotterdam (MSc Financial Economics).
Kate Rosser
Senior Portfolio Manager
kate.rosser@wheatsheafgroup.com
"I ensure communications and engagement between Wheatsheaf, our portfolio companies and the wider Grosvenor Estate are effective. I also program manage a series of strategic workshops for the Wheatsheaf Executive team."
Kate joined the investment and portfolio team in Wheatsheaf in 2018.
Kate spent ten years working in strategy and commercial partnerships at Sky and OC&C Strategy Consultants.
Kate holds a BA (Hons) Degree in Geography from Oxford University.
Kerry Cebul
Senior Portfolio and Investment Manager
kerry.cebul@Wheatsheafgroup.com
"I source and execute investments and support our portfolio companies with a particular focus on North America."
Kerry joined Wheatsheaf in 2020 to continue the team's expansion into the North American markets.
Prior to joining Wheatsheaf, he was a founding member of an organic farmland investment and management firm. In his role as Director of Investments and Asset Management, Kerry oversaw all farmland acquisitions and farmland management, including all operational and financial planning. Prior to SLM Partners, he built and ran the investment advisory arm of The Cleantech Group. There he supported Fortune 500 companies to make both direct VC investments as well as fund investments in sustainable energy and agriculture startups.
Kerry earned his Business degree from Stanford Graduate School of Business, and BA. from Middlebury, where he majored in Environmental Studies with a concentration in Conservation Biology.
Director Investment & Portfolio
michael.oneill@wheatsheafgroup.com
"I lead and assist with new and follow-on investments across our portfolio and represent Wheatsheaf at several of our businesses."
Michael joined Wheatsheaf in 2015 from Europe's largest cleantech private equity fund where he managed all elements of the deal process and represented the firm at several of the portfolio companies.
Prior to this Michael was an Investment Analyst at an entrepreneurial, family-office backed, clean-power investment business operating across Europe. Prior to his investment roles, Michael was a Strategy Consultant with Accenture, working with clients in the Utilities and Energy sectors on major transformation projects.
Michael is a CFA Charterholder and graduated with a first-class Engineering, Economics and Management degree from Oxford University.
Dr. Clive Morris
Clive trained in Medicine at Manchester University, graduating with Honours in 1995. He then underwent surgical training leading to accreditation by the Royal College of Surgeons of England and the award of a Doctorate of Medicine research degree in the field of cancer research.
Following this early career in surgery, Clive has over a decade of experience in the international Pharmaceutical industry, where he has been involved with the development of a number of important new medicines and has overseen research groups and projects in the UK and internationally.
In addition to his R&D experience he has held positions of responsibility in investor relations and most recently led the major transformation of the UK strategic R&D sites and global HQ for AstraZeneca PLC.
Clive is also accredited as a Pharmaceutical Medicine specialist by the UK Royal College of Physicians and holds an Executive MBA from Manchester University.
Kevin Lane
'' As a NED it is exciting to work with such a talented bunch of executives , who are at the cutting edge of new technology breakthroughs. In my role as IC chair I get huge fulfilment and challenge from delving deeper in to so many varied investment choices, delivering an important social and environmental benefit as well as a commercial gain."
As the Chief Executive Officer of Ornua he helped to energise a traditional dairy co-operative to become a "best in class" international performer. Under his leadership, he helped turnover growth of 100% with a compound annual growth rate in excess of 15%. This was achieved through the effective direction and development of a highly motivated executive team and the creation of an ambitious corporate strategy.
Kevin's early career was with the Kerry Group. Joining in 1987 from the University of Limerick, graduating with an Honours Distinction in Business Studies, he progressed rapidly through commercial roles in the UK, Europe, Canada, USA and Mexico. In 2002, based in Chicago, he became Global President and CEO of Mastertaste, a high technology/high value flavour business. Under Kevin's leadership Mastertaste grew, organically and through a series of strategic acquisitions, from turnover of $70million to $350million and delivered the highest profit margins within the Kerry Group.
William Kendall
William is advisor to, and a director of, a number of entrepreneurial or family-owned businesses.
He is founded a private fund which specialises in earlier stage investment in disruptive business models in a number of different sectors.
As an entrepreneur he was the CEO which led the development and subsequent sale of both The New Covent Garden Soup Company and Green & Black's. He is now Chair of Cawston Press and of LA Brewery. Two premium non-alcoholic drinks brands
Amongst other companies, he is director of Samworth Brothers and Keystone Investment Trust plc.
After reading law at Cambridge University, William qualified and practised as a barrister and then worked as an investment banker before studying for an MBA at INSEAD.
William holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Suffolk.
He is a Trustee of Britten Pears Arts and co-founded The Aldeburgh Food & Drink Festival.
He was High Sheriff of Suffolk in 2016. He is a Trustee of the Suffolk Community Foundation and is President of The Suffolk Wildlife Trust.
He is actively involved in family farming in East Anglia. A mixed organic farm in Suffolk and a mainly arable farm in Bedfordshire. He works and campaigns on a wide range of issues connected with food and the countryside.
Mark Preston
Deputy Executive Chairman
mark.preston@grosvenor.com
"As Executive Trustee of the Grosvenor Estate I am responsible for the Grosvenor Family's business interests. As well as leading international property company Grosvenor Group I am Deputy Executive Chairman of Wheatsheaf, contributing to our efforts to grow our exposure in food and agri as well as help address how we can grow, produce, distribute and consume food more sustainably."
Mark Preston, FRICS, is the Executive Trustee of the Grosvenor Estate with overall responsibility for the Grosvenor family's business interests. He holds the position of Chief Executive of Grosvenor Group to which he was appointed in 2008.
Earlier in his career, and after joining Grosvenor in the UK in 1989, he was seconded to Hong Kong in 1995, returned to the UK to lead Grosvenor's Fund Management operations in 1997, spent four years in San Francisco from 2002, became Chief Executive of Grosvenor Britain & Ireland in 2006 and was appointed to the Group Board in 2006.
Mark is a Trustee of The Woodland Trust, a Trustee of the Urban Land Institute (ULI) and a Trustee for the Westminster Foundation. He is a member of the (University of) Cambridge Land Economy Advisory Board and an Honorary Vice-President of the Cambridge University Land Society.
Dr Alan Barton
Operating Advisor
Dr Alan Barton joined the Wheatsheaf team as an Operating Advisor in 2019.
From 2008 until 2018 Alan was the Chief Executive Officer of Lehigh Technologies, a venture backed early stage company focused on upcycling end-of-life rubber materials into Micronized Rubber Powders that are being used in the manufacture of new tires and other high-performance markets. Lehigh was sold to Michelin in 2017.
Before joining Lehigh, Alan was part of the executive leadership team at Rohm and Haas where he led the global Coatings business followed by responsibility for the North American and Asia-Pacific regions as well as manufacturing and supply chain and related functions.
Alan's experience covers most sectors of the chemical and materials industry. He currently is a Board member for the venture-backed bio-materials company Renmatix as well as the private chemical distribution company, Wilbur-Ellis. He graduated with a BA in Chemistry from University College, Oxford and has a PhD in Organic Chemistry from Harvard University.
Ian graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Agriculture from the University of Edinburgh.
His executive career, which spans more than 30 years in the agri-business sector, started in agrochemicals before moving into animal breeding.
Ian was one of the original members of the executive team at the foundation of Aviagen, the world's largest poultry breeding company. He spent 15 years working for the company in various global positions.
His non-executive career has included being Chairman of Cogent Breeding Ltd, Roslin Technologies and Vytelle IVF, a board member of Growsafe Systems , and a non executive Director of OWS Agri.
His current portfolio is Chairman Aurora Jewellery, Golf Galleries Ltd, Horizon Proteins Ltd, and Zantra Ltd. In addition, Ian acts as strategic advisor to Botaneco Limited and SLC Ventures as well as a core group member for Scottish based Angel investment Group Kelvin Capital.
Christian Marroni
Group Communications Director
christian.marroni@grosvenor.com
"I am responsible for Wheatsheaf's communications activities as well as those of the wider Grosvenor Estate."
Christian is Wheatsheaf' Group Communications Director in addition to his responsibilities as Communications Director for the Grosvenor Estate and Grosvenor Group.
He joined the organisation in 2016 from international law firm Linklaters where he was Global Head of Corporate Communications. Previously Christian worked for international law firm Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer, international accountancy firm Grant Thornton, and Ketchum, the communications consultancy.
Christian holds a Masters Degree in Politics from the University of Sheffield.
Emilie Hogan
Senior HR Advisor
emilie.hogan@wheatsheafgroup.com
"I work closely with the HR Director to ensure Wheatsheaf's people strategy is designed and implemented to achieve the company's goals."
Emilie joined Wheatsheaf group in June 2018. Prior to joining Wheatsheaf, she served as an HR Manager for the UK branch of a Spanish multinational company.
Emilie is passionate about international HR and is fluent in French, Spanish, and English.
She holds a bachelor's degree in HR and International Mobily Management from Paul Sabatier University in Toulouse, France.


Spectrum Control developed a new EMI/RFI filter plate, Easy Mate®, which simplifies installation and eliminates the need for mounting hardware. The Easy Mate®, patented, is designed to "snap" into the chassis of electronic systems, reducing the labor required to complete a plate installation. These plates are available in two lengths and in both standard density centers (.100") and hi-density centers (2mm). Standard density Easy Mate® plates offer up to 26 lines per plate in a double row configuration, while hi-density plates offer up to 32 lines. Custom sizes for Easy Mate® plates are available.


text:
Q: Объясните пожалуйста что такое optional в discord.py (или вообще в python) и как решить проблему Я хочу создать текстовый канал командой в определённой категории. Я всё сделал, но не могу добавить именно в категорию. Я поискал в интернете, ничего не нашёл (я новичок). У меня есть id категории но если я просто вставляю его:
await ctx.guild.create_text_channel(name=name, overwrites=overwrites, category = 774723755490410516)

то пишет что не тот тип:
discord.ext.commands.errors.CommandInvokeError: Command raised an exception: AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'id'

В документации написано что надо тип Optional, но я совсем не знаю что это такое.
Документация: https://discordpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#discord.Guild.create_text_channel

Спасибо

A: typing.Optional обозначает что указанный аргумент может быть как указанного типа (в данном случае CategoryChannel), так и None.
Для получения категории, как и любого другого канала по ID можно использовать Guild.get_channel(ID).
await ctx.guild.create_text_channel(name, category=ctx.guild.get_channel(850289294063283387))
# name - "позиционный" аргумент, его не обязательно указывать по имени ("var" вместо "name = var")

Либо вы можете использовать метод create_text_channel самого объекта категории: CategoryChannel.create_text_channel
category = ctx.guild.get_channel(850289294063283387)
await category.create_text_channel(name)


text:
Q: Python C extension link with a custom shared library I am writing a Python C extension on a very old Red Hat system.  The system has zlib 1.2.3, which does not correctly support large files.  Unfortunately, I can't just upgrade the system zlib to a newer version, since some of the packages poke into internal zlib structures and that breaks on newer zlib versions.
I would like to build my extension so that all the zlib calls (gzopen(), gzseek() etc.) are resolved to a custom zlib that I install in my user directory, without affecting the rest of the Python executable and other extensions.
I have tried statically linking in libz.a by adding libz.a to the gcc command line during linking, but it did not work (still cannot create large files using gzopen() for example).  I also tried passing -z origin -Wl,-rpath=/path/to/zlib -lz to gcc, but that also did not work.
Since newer versions of zlib are still named zlib 1.x, the soname is the same, so I think symbol versioning would not work.  Is there a way to do what I want to do?
I am on a 32-bit Linux system.  Python version is 2.6, which is custom-built.
Edit:
I created a minimal example.  I am using Cython (version 0.19.1).
File gztest.pyx:
from libc.stdio cimport printf, fprintf, stderr
from libc.string cimport strerror
from libc.errno cimport errno
from libc.stdint cimport int64_t

cdef extern from "zlib.h":
    ctypedef void *gzFile
    ctypedef int64_t z_off_t

    int gzclose(gzFile fp)
    gzFile gzopen(char *path, char *mode)
    int gzread(gzFile fp, void *buf, unsigned int n)
    char *gzerror(gzFile fp, int *errnum)

cdef void print_error(void *gzfp):
    cdef int errnum = 0
    cdef const char *s = gzerror(gzfp, &errnum)
    fprintf(stderr, "error (%d): %s (%d: %s)\n", errno, strerror(errno), errnum, s)

cdef class GzFile:
    cdef gzFile fp
    cdef char *path
    def __init__(self, path, mode='rb'):
        self.path = path
        self.fp = gzopen(path, mode)
        if self.fp == NULL:
            raise IOError('%s: %s' % (path, strerror(errno)))

    cdef int read(self, void *buf, unsigned int n):
        cdef int r = gzread(self.fp, buf, n)
        if r <= 0:
            print_error(self.fp)
        return r

    cdef int close(self):
        cdef int r = gzclose(self.fp)
        return 0

def read_test():
    cdef GzFile ifp = GzFile('foo.gz')
    cdef char buf[8192]
    cdef int i, j
    cdef int n
    errno = 0
    for 0 <= i < 0x200:
        for 0 <= j < 0x210:
            n = ifp.read(buf, sizeof(buf))
            if n <= 0:
                break

        if n <= 0:
            break

        printf('%lld\n', <long long>ifp.tell())

    printf('%lld\n', <long long>ifp.tell())
    ifp.close()

File setup.py:
import sys
import os

from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Distutils import build_ext

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if 'CUSTOM_GZ' in os.environ:
        d = {
            'include_dirs': ['/home/alok/zlib_lfs/include'],
            'extra_objects': ['/home/alok/zlib_lfs/lib/libz.a'],
            'extra_compile_args': ['-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -g3 -ggdb']
        }
    else:
        d = {'libraries': ['z']}
    ext = Extension('gztest', sources=['gztest.pyx'], **d)
    setup(name='gztest', cmdclass={'build_ext': build_ext}, ext_modules=[ext])

My custom zlib is in /home/alok/zlib_lfs (zlib version 1.2.8):
$ ls ~/zlib_lfs/lib/
libz.a  libz.so  libz.so.1  libz.so.1.2.8  pkgconfig

To compile the module using this libz.a:
$ CUSTOM_GZ=1 python setup.py build_ext --inplace
running build_ext
cythoning gztest.pyx to gztest.c
building 'gztest' extension
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/home/alok/zlib_lfs/include -I/opt/include/python2.6 -c gztest.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/gztest.o -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -g3 -ggdb
gcc -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/gztest.o /home/alok/zlib_lfs/lib/libz.a -L/opt/lib -lpython2.6 -o /home/alok/gztest.so

gcc is being passed all the flags I want (adding full path to libz.a, large file flags, etc.).
To build the extension without my custom zlib, I can compile without CUSTOM_GZ defined:
$ python setup.py build_ext --inplace
running build_ext
cythoning gztest.pyx to gztest.c
building 'gztest' extension
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/opt/include/python2.6 -c gztest.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/gztest.o
gcc -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/gztest.o -L/opt/lib -lz -lpython2.6 -o /home/alok/gztest.so

We can check the size of the gztest.so files:
$ stat --format='%s %n' original/gztest.so custom/gztest.so
62398 original/gztest.so
627744 custom/gztest.so

So, the statically linked file is much larger, as expected.
I can now do:
>>> import gztest
>>> gztest.read_test()

and it will try to read foo.gz in the current directory.
When I do that using non-statically linked gztest.so, it works as expected until it tries to read more than 2 GB.
When I do that using statically linked gztest.so, it dumps core:
$ python -c 'import gztest; gztest.read_test()'
error (2): No such file or directory (0: )
0
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

The error about No such file or directory is misleading -- the file exists and is gzopen() actually returns successfully.  gzread() fails though.
Here is the gdb backtrace:
(gdb) bt
#0  0xf730eae4 in free () from /lib/libc.so.6
#1  0xf70725e2 in ?? () from /lib/libz.so.1
#2  0xf6ce9c70 in __pyx_f_6gztest_6GzFile_close (__pyx_v_self=0xf6f75278) at gztest.c:1140
#3  0xf6cea289 in __pyx_pf_6gztest_2read_test (__pyx_self=<optimized out>) at gztest.c:1526
#4  __pyx_pw_6gztest_3read_test (__pyx_self=0x0, unused=0x0) at gztest.c:1379
#5  0xf769910d in call_function (oparg=<optimized out>, pp_stack=<optimized out>) at Python/ceval.c:3690
#6  PyEval_EvalFrameEx (f=0x8115c64, throwflag=0) at Python/ceval.c:2389
#7  0xf769a3b4 in PyEval_EvalCodeEx (co=0xf6faada0, globals=0xf6ff81c4, locals=0xf6ff81c4, args=0x0, argcount=0, kws=0x0, kwcount=0, defs=0x0, defcount=0, closure=0x0) at Python/ceval.c:2968
#8  0xf769a433 in PyEval_EvalCode (co=0xf6faada0, globals=0xf6ff81c4, locals=0xf6ff81c4) at Python/ceval.c:522
#9  0xf76bbe1a in run_mod (arena=<optimized out>, flags=<optimized out>, locals=<optimized out>, globals=<optimized out>, filename=<optimized out>, mod=<optimized out>) at Python/pythonrun.c:1335
#10 PyRun_StringFlags (str=0x80a24c0 "import gztest; gztest.read_test()\n", start=257, globals=0xf6ff81c4, locals=0xf6ff81c4, flags=0xffbf2888) at Python/pythonrun.c:1298
#11 0xf76bd003 in PyRun_SimpleStringFlags (command=0x80a24c0 "import gztest; gztest.read_test()\n", flags=0xffbf2888) at Python/pythonrun.c:957
#12 0xf76ca1b9 in Py_Main (argc=1, argv=0xffbf2954) at Modules/main.c:548
#13 0x080485b2 in main ()

One of the problems seems to be that the second line in the backtrace refers to libz.so.1!  If I do ldd gztest.so, I get, among other lines:
    libz.so.1 => /lib/libz.so.1 (0xf6f87000)

I am not sure why that is happening though.
Edit 2:
I ended up doing the following:

*

*compiled my custom zlib with all the symbols exported with a z_ prefix.  zlib's configure script makes this very easy: just run ./configure --zprefix ....

*called gzopen64() instead of gzopen() in my Cython code.  This is because I wanted to make sure I am using the correct "underlying" symbol.

*used z_off64_t explicitly.

*statically link my custom zlib.a into the shared library generated by Cython.  I used '-Wl,--whole-archive /home/alok/zlib_lfs_z/lib/libz.a -Wl,--no-whole-archive' while linking with gcc to achieve that.  There might be other ways or this might not be needed but it seemed the simplest way to make sure the correct library gets used.

With the above changes, large files work while the rest of the Python extension modules/processes work as before.

A: I would recommend using ctypes. Write your C library as a normal shared library and than use ctypes to access it. You would need to write a bit more Python code to transfer the data from Python data structures into C ones. The big advantage is that you can isolate everything from the rest of the system. You can explicitly specify the *.so file you would like to load. The Python C API is not needed. I have quite good experiences with ctypes. This should be not too difficult for you since you seem proficient with C.

A: Looks like this is similar to the problem in another question, except I get the opposite behavior.
I downloaded a tarball of zlib-1.2.8, ran ./configure, then changed the following Makefile variables...
CFLAGS=-O3  -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64

SFLAGS=-O3  -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64

...mostly to add the -fPIC to libz.a so I could link to it in a shared library.
I then added some printf() statements in the gzlib.c functions gzopen(), gzopen64(), and gz_open() so I could easily tell if these were being called.
After building libz.a and libz.so, I created a really simple foo.c...
#include "zlib-1.2.8/zlib.h"

void main()
{
    gzFile foo = gzopen("foo.gz", "rb");
}

...and compiled both a foo standalone binary, and a foo.so shared library with...
gcc -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -o foo.o -c foo.c
gcc -o foo foo.o zlib-1.2.8/libz.a
gcc -shared -o foo.so foo.o zlib-1.2.8/libz.a

Running foo worked as expected, and printed...
gzopen64
gz_open

...but using the foo.so in Python with...
import ctypes

foo = ctypes.CDLL('./foo.so')
foo.main()

...didn't print anything, so I guess it's using Python's libz.so...
$ ldd `which python`
        ...
        libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f5af2c68000)
        ...

...even though foo.so doesn't use it...
$ ldd foo.so
        linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007fff93600000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fc8bfa98000)
        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fc8c0078000)

The only way I could get it to work was to open the custom libz.so directly with...
import ctypes

libz = ctypes.CDLL('zlib-1.2.8/libz.so.1.2.8')
libz.gzopen64('foo.gz', 'rb')

...which printed out...
gzopen64
gz_open

Note that the translation from gzopen to gzopen64 is done by the pre-processor, so I had to call gzopen64() directly.
So that's one way to fix it, but a better way would probably be to recompile your custom Python 2.6 to either link to the static zlib-1.2.8/libz.a, or disable zlibmodule.c completely, then you'll have more flexibility in your linking options.

Update
Regarding _LARGEFILE_SOURCE vs. _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE: I only pointed that out because of this comment in zlib.h...
/* provide 64-bit offset functions if _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE defined, and/or
 * change the regular functions to 64 bits if _FILE_OFFSET_BITS is 64 (if
 * both are true, the application gets the *64 functions, and the regular
 * functions are changed to 64 bits) -- in case these are set on systems
 * without large file support, _LFS64_LARGEFILE must also be true
 */

...the implication being that the gzopen64() function won't be exposed if you don't define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE. I'm not sure if _LFS64_LARGEFILE applies to your system or not.


In the next in a series of guest blogs, we're looking at morning routines and how they can help to improve wellbeing.
Mental health and well-being is a prominent issue in the modern workplace, with HR and management placing an increased focus on this. April marked National Stress Awareness Month and as such, we've taken a look into how simple changes to a morning routine can help individuals in their professional lives.
Meditation and mindfulness exercises are great tools to increase employee wellbeing, as it allows workers to switch off from the stresses of work. It clears the mind allowing workers to start the day with a fresh perspective and clear mind. The Euroffice site gives some useful tips around incorporating yoga in the workplace.
Creating a plan in the morning will give your day purpose and clear goals to meet. Not only will it help with productivity but it will help manage your down time too, making sure to avoid burnout. Currently 12.5 million working days are lost due to work-related stress, depression or anxiety.
A well thought out plan will also help you prioritise tasks, making sure you never miss a deadline again!
Managers could help with this by running planning meetings first thing in the morning so that employees are given direction for the rest of the day or even week. Alternatively, offer training on time management and planning if you think a member of staff may benefit.
This one seems obvious but, a glass of water as soon as you wake up really helps set you up for the day. It's even said to be more effective than a cup of coffee.
Employers could inspire this further by placing drinking water fountains around the office, with easy access for workers, encouraging drinking not just in the morning but throughout the day too.
Exercise in the morning gets the blood flowing, preparing you for the day ahead. This gives a boost of energy and feelings of "awake-ness". That doesn't necessarily mean going for a 5km run every morning but, simply including a few stretches into your morning routine will help you feel the benefits.
It's even thought that a workout can increase your mental clarity for 4-10 hours post exercise. So, workplace perks such as gym memberships and discounts, could actually encourage staff to add a short workout to their morning.
Acknowledging morning routines and how they impact the rest of your day is a real starting point for those wanting to become more successful. Just small changes like those mentioned above can have a real, positive effects on employee wellbeing. Making your business a better place to be.
Download and use this handy Stress Checklist to identify your triggers for stress and ways to reduce their effects on you.


text:
« Rozhodnutí sportovních komisařů – posádka #15Decision of Stewards no. 1…
Rally Bohemia ve zpětném zrcátkuThe Rally Bohemia in rear-view mirror »
The Rally Bohemia finished – Škoda is the winner
The 40th Rally Bohemia has in Sunday's afternoon reached its successful finish. The victory belongs to the factory's Škoda Motorsport crew Jan Kopecký – Pavel Dresler.
The first to cross the starting ramp at the Old Town's Square in Mladá Boleslav on Sunday afternoon was the factory's Škoda Motorsport crew Jan Kopecký – Pavel Dresler driving in Škoda Fabia S2000. Kopecký with Dresler managed to win the local competition with head start of 26.3 seconds before the crew of EurOil-Invelt team composed of Václav Pech jr. – Petr Uhel driving in MINI John Cooper Works S2000. Pech with Uhel are currently in the lead of local championship. The public's favourite, Roman Kresta, finished third. The driver, who is bond to Mladá Boleslav with his history as a member of factory's team Škoda Motorsport. Roman Kresta and Petr Gross from Adell Mogul Racing Team driving in Škoda Fabia S2000 were slower behind Pech and Uhel by 9.4 seconds.
The final of 40th Rally Bohemia, event of FIA European Rally Cup (coefficient 10) and Mediasport International Rally Championship of the Czech Republic, has got dramatic due to the crash of the crew Jan Sýkora – Martina Škardová in Ford Fiesta R5 driving fourth. Regarding the suspicion about co-driver's injury emergency service has arrived and special stage has been cancelled for other crews. Co-driver Martina Škardová has been taken into hospital for medical check and fortunately her wounds turned out to be only minor.
The category 2WD on 40th Rally Bohemia has been won as a premiere by Jiří Vrkoslav – Jiří Rada in Citroën C2 S1600. Second place belongs to Egon Smékal – Monika Hýbnerová in Citroën DS3 R3T. After big fight the third place was taken by Italians Elwis Chentre – Igor D'Herin in Škoda Fabia R2.
The smooth run of 40th Rally Bohemia wasn't disturbed by any security incident and according to organizer's information and also from the police spectators behaved well and followed organizers' instructions. Sunny weather has drawn tens of thousands of them to line up along the track of special stages.
Jan Kopecký, the winner of Rally Bohemia: "We feel great. Škoda Fabia S2000 is the best car in its category and thanks to it we have some advantage against other competitors. The competition was organized very well and in terms of security precautions there was nothing wrong. Perhaps I would give a thought to the spectators' SS in Sosnová to make it more attractive for spectators for even better experience. All in all Rally Bohemia was very good competition and the small differences among first three only prove it. We drove on full throttle all the way through finish and have enjoyed the competition."
Václav Pech jr., second on Rally Bohemia: "I'm very satisfied. Finishing second in Rally Bohemia with the loss of 26 seconds behind the winner of factory's team is just great. I was getting used to new tyres quite a long time, but I think we have performed very balanced fight. Beating Roman Kresta on Rally Bohemia, who holds the record of number of victories, is of a great value to me. Our car worked with no problems throughout the competition and I want to thank our mechanics for that. Spectators created a wonderful background and I haven't seen standing any in dangerous situations. At the same time I think that they wasn't standing too far from the track and had a very good view over it. The organization of the rally was flawless except only one wrongly put speed calming chicane at SS Sychrov, which I hit. We have lost a few seconds there. Every rally should in terms of organization look like Rally Bohemia."
Roman Kresta, third on Rally Bohemia: "Rally Bohemia is a wonderful race for us. Wonderful stages, which don't have competitor. There is perfect organization here. It is literally very nice third place for me. Perfect atmosphere, great fight. There is nothing to add. Someone might say it is "only" third place, but it's not like that. The pace was very fast and differences in seconds only. I have to say that I'm satisfied with my drive as we drove really fast. Rally Bohemia is in terms of organization matter well above standard in the Czech championship. This race is just something else."
Press Release no. 24503 downloads


Prinz Grizzley is Chris Comper, an Austrian with his heart in American music. His rural upbringing helped developed a love and passion for the way of life and the music that this landscape inspires. With an eye across the pond Comper, even when dabbling in indie rock/pop, remained inspired by folk, blues and country. Come on In is the first product of that long-standing influence and sits firmly in the country camp. Comper has written all these songs and, with the thread of Aaron Goldstein's pedal steel running throughout, it is actually hard to believe that they originate from Austria rather than Nashville. In fact, the majority of the songs are better than much of what currently originates from that mainstream conveyor belt of mediocrity; as if Comper has taken the best of it and used his European filter to deliver a product upgrade.
If this, on first play, can be neatly labelled as unashamedly country, there are songs on here that stray away from that lazy stereotyping and deliver some album highpoints. Walls is a passionate and affecting anthem for those living out the end of their days, institutionalised – 'locked in this room feels like prison to me……….it ain't walls that lock me in, it is the people who see no meaning in an old man's tears.' Fiery Eyes is delightfully brought to life by the horns of Johannes Bar, delivering an uplifting chorus and hook.
The closing track Tell Me Why is a familiar tale of love lost delivered with minimal acoustic accompaniment and the lovely cello of Isabella Fink. It is on quieter tracks such as this that Comper, aka Grizzley, delivers vocals that allow his intelligently written lyrics to be appreciated in a way that is not always the case elsewhere on the album. Whether that is due to Comper's vocal range or the production on certain tracks it is difficult to tell but regrettably they do detract from what otherwise is a very good album of self-penned songs.


text:
2018 Sees Record Number of Online Retail Data Breaches
January 8, 2019 | Tony DeGonia
During the holiday season people logged on to make purchases through online retailers, like no other time of the year. While there was significant growth in many segments of society on a global scale in 2018, we also saw a significant increase in online retail breaches where personally identifiable information was compromised at an alarming rate. With more and more people using online services for everything from ordering perishable food products to plane tickets and hotel reservations, 2018 proved to be a huge year for online/cybercriminals.
Here are some facts around some of the largest and most far-reaching retail breaches of 2018:
Data breaches are on the rise, and the total number of accounts breached has become ridiculously high.
A report from cybersecurity firm Shape Security showed that almost 90% of the login attempts made on online retailers' websites are hackers using stolen data.
Many of these breaches were caused by flaws in payment systems that were taken advantage of by hackers.
Dozens of security breaches have occurred in 2018. Many of them were caused by flaws in payment systems, either online or in stores. Data breaches are on the rise for both retailers and other businesses.
These data breaches are a real danger for both companies and customers and can affect the trust shoppers have in brands.
According to a study by KPMG, 19% of consumers would completely stop shopping at a retailer after a breach, and 33% would take a break from shopping there for an extended period.
Example Breaches
Darden Restaurant announced it was notified by government officials on August 16 that it had been the victim of a cyber attack.
Customers who visited Darden-owned Cheddar's Scratch Kitchen between November 3, 2017, and January 2, 2018, may have had their credit-card information stolen. Darden estimates that 567,000 payment card numbers could have been compromised.
Customers affected would have visited a Cheddar's location in any one of these states: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and Wisconsin.
Macy's confirmed that some customers shopping online at Macys.com and Bloomingdales.com between April 26 and June 12 could have had their personal information and credit card details exposed to a third party.
Macy's did not confirm exactly how many people were impacted. However, a spokesperson for the company said the breach was limited to a small group of people.
Macy's said in a statement: "We have investigated the matter thoroughly, addressed the cause and, as a precaution, have implemented additional security measures. Macy's, Inc. will provide consumer protection services at no cost to those customers. We have contacted potentially impacted customers with more information about these services."
Adidas announced in June that an "unauthorized party" said it had gained access to customer data on Adidas' US website. Currently, the company believes only customers who shopped on and purchased items from the US version of Adidas.com may have been affected by the breach.
The data that is potentially at risk include customer contact information, like email addresses and physical addresses, as well as login information, like usernames and passwords. The passwords were stored with encryption, however, which would need to be unencrypted before they could be used.
Adidas did not say exactly how many customers could have been affected by the breach, but an Adidas spokeswoman confirmed it is likely "a few million."
Sears alerted customers on April 4 of a "security incident" with an online support partner [24]7.ai that may have resulted in up to 100,000 people having their credit-card information stolen.
The incident affected shoppers who bought items online from September 27, 2017, to October 12, 2017
Delta used the same online support service as Sears and was also affected by the reported breach.
The airline said customer payment information may have been vulnerable but did not estimate how many of its customers were affected.
Best Buy was also affected by the breach of [24]7.ai, it told customers on April 5.
The retailer said only "a small fraction of our overall online customer population" was affected in the breach, which might have jeopardized payment information.
5 million records breached combined with Lord & Taylor.
Hudson's Bay, the parent company of Saks Fifth Ave, confirmed in April that a data breach compromised payment systems and therefore customers' credit and debit cards.
Estimates of the number of affected customers have not yet been released but could number in the millions. Online customers were not affected.
5 million records breached combined with Saks.
Hudson's Bay also owns Lord & Taylor, and those stores were also affected by the breach.
37 million records breached.
Panera Bread confirmed on April 2 that it was notified of a data leak on its website.
At the time, it said personal information, including names, addresses, and partial credit card numbers may have leaked, though the company says the investigation is ongoing.
Forever 21 alerted its customers in November that some of their information may have been stolen.
A flaw in the store's cashier terminals may have inadvertently exposed data like credit card numbers, expiration dates, and internal verification codes to hackers. Customers who shopped in stores from March through October 2017 are vulnerable.
PumpUp
6 million records breached.
On May 31, ZDNet reported that they had been contacted by security researcher Oliver Hough in regards to a backend server he had found exposed to the Internet with no password to protect it. The server belonged to the fitness app PumpUp, and it gave anyone who came across it access to a host of sensitive customer data including user-entered health information, photos, and private messages sent between users. The exposed data also contained Facebook access tokens and, in some cases, unencrypted credit card data including card numbers, expiry dates, and card verification values.
When ZDNet reached out to PumpUp, the company did not issue a response, but it did quietly secure the server. It is unknown how long the asset had been sitting exposed.
19.5 million records breached.
In February, an anonymous attacker seized two databases owned and operated by The Sacramento Bee, a daily newspaper published in Sacramento, California. One of those IT assets contained California voter registration data provided by California's Secretary of State, while the other stored contact information for subscribers to the newspaper. Upon hijacking those resources, the attacker demanded a ransom fee in exchange for regaining access to the data. The newspaper refused and deleted the databases to prevent additional attacks from leveraging them in the future. According to The Sacramento Bee, the hack exposed 53,000 subscribers' information along with the personal data of 19.4 million California voters.
On May 31, Ticketfly suffered an attack that resulted in the concert and sporting-event ticketing website being vandalized, taken down, and disrupted for a week. The hacker behind the attack had reportedly warned Ticketfly of a vulnerability and demanded a ransom to fix it. When the company refused, the hacker hijacked the Ticketfly website, replaced its homepage, and made off with a large directory of customer and employee data, including names, addresses, email addresses, and phone numbers for 27 million Ticketfly accounts.
Panera Bread took its website temporarily offline following the publication of Krebs' report.
Despite the company initially downplaying the severity of the breach and indicating fewer than 10,000 customers had been affected, the true number is believed to be as high as 37 million.
380,000 records breached
On 6 September, British Airways informed its customers that details from around 380,000 booking transactions had been stolen, including bank card numbers, expiry dates, and CVV codes. It took the firm just one day to announce it had been hit by a cyber-attack between 21 August and 5 September.
"The credit card skimming campaign launched against hundreds of thousands of British Airways customers stood out due to its large scope and the effectiveness of the tactic employed: the modification of JavaScript code on BA's website to effectively steal payment data while avoiding detection," says Yonathan Klijnsma, head threat researcher at RiskIQ. "By inserting just 22 lines of code, Magecart Group 6 was able to extract information entered into the airline's online payment forms without disrupting the payment flow."
40,000 records breached
When the personal data of 40,000 Ticketmaster customers was stolen by hackers, it emerged that a third-party supplier was involved. The company, Inbenta Technologies, which operates a chatbot on the Ticketmaster site, customized its product by modifying a line of JavaScript code.
"Just one month after GDPR came into full effect, Ticketmaster announced 40,000 customers' data was accessed due to a malicious hack on a third party solution," says Guy Bunker, SVP of Products, Clearswift.
The Giants of the List
At least 87 million records breached (though likely many more).
Who can forget the data scandal that rocked Facebook in March 2018? At that time, reports emerged of how a political data firm called Cambridge Analytica collected the personal information of 50 million Facebook users via an app that scraped details about people's personalities, social networks, and engagement on the platform. Despite Cambridge Analytica's claim that it only had information on 30 million users, Facebook determined the original estimate was in fact low. In April, the company notified 87 million members of its platform that their data had been shared.
Unfortunately, with Facebook apps facing more scrutiny, it appears the Cambridge Analytica scandal may just be the tip of the iceberg. On June 27, security researcher Inti De Ceukelaire disclosed another app called Nametests.com had publicly exposed information of more than 120 million users.
92 million records breached
A security researcher reached out to the Chief Information Security Officer of online genealogy platform MyHeritage on June 4 and revealed they had found a file labeled "MyHeritage" on a private server outside the company. Upon inspection of the file, officials at MyHeritage determined that the asset contained the email addresses of all users who had signed up with MyHeritage prior to October 26, 2017. According to a statement published by the company, it also contained their hashed passwords but not payment information, as MyHeritage relies on third-party service providers to process members' payments. The service also stores family tree and DNA data on servers separate from those that store email addresses, but MyHeritage said there was no reason to believe that information had been exposed or compromised.
100,000,000 records breached.
In December, Quora suffered a massive breach of user data. The intrusion, discovered on November 30, included up to 100 million users' names, email addresses, IP addresses, user IDs, encrypted passwords, user account settings, personalization data, public actions and content such as questions, answers, comments, blog posts, and upvotes.
"The breadth and potential value of the data compromised, like encrypted passwords and social media data, was notable," says Andrew Tsonchev, director of technology, Darktrace Industrial.
Under Armour's MyFitnessPal app
150 million records breached
While Under Armour's store systems or online store wasn't affected, the retailer confirmed in March that data from its MyFitnessPal app was accessed by an "unauthorized party."
Payment information was not released, but Under Armour says usernames, emails, and encrypted passwords were affected. More than 150 million people's information was likely compromised.
Exactis
340 million records breached.
Security researcher Vinny Troia discovered in June 2018 that Exactis, a marketing and data aggregation firm based in Florida, left a database exposed on a publicly accessible server. The database contained two terabytes of information that included the personal details of hundreds of millions of Americans and businesses. As of this writing, Exactis has not confirmed the exact number of people affected by the breach, but Troia said he was able to find close to 340 million individual records. He also confirmed to Wired that the incident exposed affected consumers' email addresses, physical addresses, phone numbers, and a host of other personal information, in some cases including extremely sensitive details like the names and genders of their children.
500,000,000 records breached
At the end of November, hotel group Marriott admitted it had suffered a massive data breach affecting the records of up to 500 million customers. The firm revealed its Starwood division's guest reservation database had been compromised by an unauthorized party. Information accessed included payment information, names, mailing addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, and passport numbers.
"Regardless of who the finger is being pointed at, it's clear this stealthy attack meant the perpetrator had unrestricted access, across multiple IT systems for a very long time," says Glasswall's Henderson. "Presumably with many elevated privileged accounts compromised, the attackers were clear to traverse customer data held in different locations and likely cleared their tracks as they went."
1.1 billion records breached.
In January, reporters with the Tribune News Service paid 500 rupees for login credentials to a service being offered by anonymous sellers over WhatsApp. Using the service, the reporters could enter any Aadhaar number, a 12-digit unique identifier assigned to every Indian citizen. Doing so would retrieve numerous types of information on the queried citizen stored by UIDAI (Unique Identification Authority of India). Those bits of data included name, address, photo, phone number, and email address. An additional payment of 300 rupees to the sellers yielded access to software through which anyone could print an ID card for any Aadhaar number.
The data breach is believed to have compromised the personal information of all 1.1 billion citizens registered in India.
A Troubling First Half of the Year
The number of records compromised in Q1 and Q2 2018 has already surpassed the total number of breached records for all of 2017, as identified in Identity Theft Resource Center's (ITRC) 2017 Data Breach Industry Summary report. For context, the list of breaches provided in this article is far from comprehensive. There were plenty of additional data breaches that took place in the first half of 2018, which means the number of compromised records could actually be much higher. Only time will tell whether this is actually the case.
The cyber threat landscape is ever changing and while technological innovation is growing at the speed of light. The abilities of cybercriminals to take advantage of those new innovations is just as broad. Cybercriminals have an advantage of not having to "play by the rules" which makes things more difficult for those who try to protect business and society from those who wish to do criminal things.
Other things to account for is the passion with which cyber-criminal operate, having not only a knack for what they do but almost a savant-like nature in their activities. Whether the attack comes from a single criminal or a group of hackers, it is evident that business and society as a whole will have to endure these issues for the indefinite future. Most corporate security teams work diligently to prevent attacks such as those mentioned in this article, however, many lack funding and support from the executives. Security is often put on the back burner as an expense that can be avoided until it is needed. In fact, this could not be further from the truth. Creating a cyber-threat and action plan is essential to keeping corporations and society, as a whole, safe. Until executives at the heights of power can be convinced of the importance of creating a secure environment, the scourge of cybercriminals will continue to run rampant and grow organized crime across every aspect of the global economy.
https://www.businessinsider.com/data-breaches-2018-4
https://www.alienvault.com/blogs/security-essentials/whats-the-difference-between-a-data-breach-and-a-security-incident
https://cybersecurity.att.com/blogs/security-essentials/2018-sees-record-number-of-online-retail-data-breaches
About the Author: Tony DeGonia, AlienVault
Tony DeGonia is an AT&T Cybersecurity Technical Sales Consultant. He has over 20 years in experience working as a Voice, Network and Security engineer. During that time he gained experience by maintaining, managing, designing and providing advanced voice, network and security solutions to customers in the SMB, Mid-Market, and Enterprise Sectors throughout the U.S. Tony is also well versed in the security requirements around HIPAA, PCI-DSS and Law Enforcement at the Municipal, State and Federal level. Tony regularly blogs and hosts podcasts through various channels.
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TAGS: data breach, retail