text:
"THE CODE" OF CARL MUNCK, AND ANCIENT GEMATRIAN NUMBERS - PART SEVEN
The Crop Circle Connection
by Joseph E. Mason
I started to follow the crop circle story very closely in 1990. I have a number of books on the subject and many journals and newsletters. The two major journals are The Cerealogist and The Circular. I began to see number connections early-on. I read Joseph Campbell's The Inner Reaches of Outer Space in late 1990. In a part of the book, he wrote about ancient numbers, such as 108 and 432. He pointed out how the numbers always add to nine or a multiple of nine. Similar numbers, I found, were often reported as dimensions of various parts of crop circle formations. The number nine was quite apparent.
After learning about Carl Munck's "Code" and the Gematrian numbers in 1994, I became more aware of similar numbers within various crop circle formations. I made contact with Charles Johnson 1996. He is a scholar of ancient numbering systems and has also studied Carl Munck's work. I mentioned the possible crop circle connection to the ancient numbers to Charles, and later sent him a large packet of information about it. We planned to do a joint article about the subject. Unfortunately, other plans took priority, so the project was not completed.
Prehistoric Mathematics and British Crop Circles
On August 1, 1997, I received The Cerealogist #19. On pages 9-13, was an article titled, Prehistoric Mathematics & British Crop Circles. The article was originally published in FGK Report, written by Max Seurig and H. Werner Baumann. It was translated for The Cerealogist by Ute Sayer. I will recount the article here.
The two German researchers analyzed prehistoric stone circles and compared the results to other objects in different parts of the world. The objects examined were from 600 BC to 2300 BC. The measurements were in meters. They found a unique order of numbers, which seemed to follow a plan. Equal or related series of numbers were found as azimuth and distance in meters of stone pathways, circumferences of pyramids, the sum of symbols in reliefs, construction features of buildings, etc. From this, Seurig and Baumann developed "Prehistoric Mathematics." The system shows an unusually high mental-theoretical level, the origin of which is unknown.
Prehistoric Mathematics contains the four main calculations for the division of 360-degree circles and dissected parts of circles defined by their angles, and for triangles and squares, including their angles. The Pi constant (3.14) is also used. A "cosmic-related world of numbers" developed, which included the Zodiac and planets known in prehistory. Most of the calculations lead to the huge time period of the Platonic Year.
The Numbers of the Platonic Year
Since ancient times, the natural constant of the movements of the point of sunrise, the intersection between equator and eclipse at equinox and solstice in one year was 50 ". In the equation:
1° = 60 '
60 ' = 3600 "
3600 / 50 = 72 (a)
a = 1 earth year
a = 50 "
72 earth years amount to one degree of the Zodiac. One Platonic day lasts 72 earth years. One Platonic month covers a period of 30 Platonic days, or 2160 earth years. Twelve Platonic months give the Platonic year, which lasts 360 x 72 = 25920 earth years. This system, already used in Chaldaeic astronomy, orientates itself by the numbers 6 and 12, out of which 72 is the product. Each Platonic month was related to one starsign, or Zodiac sign. The length of each of the twelve starsigns are different - they are not evenly spaced at 30-degrees each around the 360-degrees of the ecliptic path in the sky. Therefore, the real duration of time in each starsign is not usually equal to a Platonic month. Guenther Wachsmuth listed the duration times in a table:
NUMBER SIGN
DEGREES EARTH YEARS
13800 to 10500 BC
10500 to 7900 BC
7900 to 6500 BC
1900 to 100 BC
100 BC to 2500 AD
2500 to 4400 AD
8600 to 10800 AD
10800 to 12100 AD
Only the duration of Scorpio is identical with the length of the Platonic month. Seurig and Baumann came across such numbers again and again in their research into the constructions of the ancient builders.
The World of Numbers of the Planets
Prehistoric constructors obviously had a knowledge of the planets that had been passed down to them from even more ancient times (see Otto Apelt's Translation of Plato's Timaeus, Leipzig 1919). With their help, the three-dimensional relationships were explained, while the Zodiac served to show the course of time. The basis was the supposed agreement of the musical seven-step scale and the "seven" of the then-known planets, including the sun and moon. From this interval, the equation 2 x 3 x 8 x 8 = 384 was determined. Surprisingly, the distance between moon and Earth is 384,000 kilometers; the 384 in a relationship of 1 : 1000. By using the Tetractys, the holy four-count of the Pythagorans, the multiple of it is seen in this pyramid:
The multiple of the ratio of the moon could then be used for the other planets. Apelt's work reveals this table:
There are "problems" with figures in this table, such as the figures given for Venus, Mercury, and the sun, but Seurig and Baumann say it is not relevant to their investigations. The numbers were used as ratios in prehistoric astronomy, similar to the numbers of the Zodiac.
The Crop Circle Connections
To their surprise, Seurig and Baumann found similar relationships of numbers in their study of British crop circles. They gave a few examples in the article.
Crop Formation of Etchilhampton
This crop circle formation appeared at Etchilhampton Hill, near Devizes, Wiltshire, in 1993. Six circles of almost the same size were arranged around a central seventh circle. Pathways, like spokes on a wheel, connected each of the outer circles to the central circle. The six spokes divided the formation into sectors of 60-degrees each. Thus, three axes are built, each connecting its outer two circles with the central circle. One of the axes ran exactly north-south.
The diameters of the circles varied slightly in size, as did the length of the spokes. Holding to a reasonable deviation of 0.33 to 0.25%, Seurig and Baumann took the following steps:
First step: List the diameters of the seven circles, starting at the North circle, and continuing clockwise -
12.00 meters (number of calendar and of religious importance)
11.50 meters
80.10 meters total
Second step: Calculate the circumference of all circles -
(Pi) 3.14159 x 80.10 overall circumference in meters = 251,6413590
round up to 252.00 meters.
Third step: Calculate the sum of the spokes, starting from the North, and continuing clockwise -
Round up to 60.00 meters
Forth Step: Multiplication of sum of circumference and spokes -
252.00 meters x 60.00 meters = 15120.00 meters
The first number of astronomical relevance is thus suggested, because 15120 years divide into seven Platonic months:
15120 / 7 = 2160
Fifth step: Division of 2160 by the number of outer circles -
2160 / 6 = 360 (360-degrees of the Zodiac).
Sixth step: Diameter of the overall formation -
Axis: N/S NE/SW NW/SE
circle 12.00m 11.00m 11.30m
spoke 10.60m 9.80m 10.00m
spoke 9.40m 9.60m 10.40m
54.60m 53.20m 54.30m
Average: 54.60m + 53.20m + 54.30m = 162.10m
162.10m / 3 = 54.03m
Result rounded to 54m
Seventh step: Overall diameter x sum of spokes -
54.00m x 60.0m = 3240.00m
This figure matches the number of years given in the above chart for the Zodiac sign of Virgo (45-degrees x 72 years = 3240 years).
Eighth step: Sum of the three axes -
54.60m (N/S) +
53.20m (NE/SW) +
54.30m (NW/SE) +
= 162.10m
Round down to 162m
Ninth step: Sum of diameters of the circles and of six spokes -
80.00m + 60.00m = 140.00m
Tenth step: Sum of axes x sum 140.00m
162.00m x 140.00 = 22,680.00m
This figure equals the Platonic year of 25920 earth years minus the years of Virgo, 3240 earth years -
25920 - 3240 = 22680 earth years
The Sequence of Numbers is Relevant
Seurig and Baumann found that in the prehistoric system, decimal places and measure dimensions are not relevant. The sequence of numbers, however, is important. For example, the diameter of a circle of 12 meters and the length of a spoke of 9.60 meters, adds to 21.60 meters. It contains the length of a platonic month of 2160 earth years. The circle diameters of 12.00m + 11.00m + 11.30 = 343, indicate an important number in historical development. It is seven cubed, 7 x 7 x 7.
It is the opinion of these researchers that a connection exists between measurements of crop circle formations and ancient mathematical-astronomical facts. It becomes more clear when one includes degrees into the calculations.
1. Six circles of 360-degrees each are added together:
The result shows the known Platonic month or a period of 2160 earth years.
2. Adding the seventh circle:
2160 + 360 = 2520
The result shows the same sequence of numbers as calculated in meters, but ten times larger.
3. Taking the six spokes:
This is again a period of seven time periods of 2160 years each, produced by the number 6 here, whereas the number 60 was included from the measurements to produce the same result in the prior calculation.
Whoever created this crop formation presented a time period of seven time cycles in three ways:
1. By creating a picture of seven circles.
2. By calculating on the basis of meters.
3. By calculating the time on the basis of degrees.
Analysis of this kind can be used to determine the validity of the prehistoric number system and whether it is indeed being incorporated within the crop circle formations. If it is valid, then it also points toward a view of human development outlined in theosophical and anthroposophical literature.
The "Comet's Tail" Crop Formation
Seurig and Baumann also analyzed the so-called "Comet's Tail" crop formation found in the Wiltshire area in 1994. The formation revealed a similar systematic structure of number, but in a very different methodical variation.
Description of the Formation
A "well spring" with an opening, like a mouthpiece or cornucopia, launches, in an elegant curve, twelve circles and one ring.
The ring, furthest way from the mouthpiece, has the largest diameter. The diameters of the next twelve circles gradually decrease, like "soap bubbles." The line of twelve circles is divided into sets of five and seven by slightly bigger gaps between the circles. The calculations start with the smallest circle.
Length of the "spring": 7m
Diameters of the group of 7 circles Length of the gaps between
1. 2.80m 1.00m
7 6.60m
32.40m 4.80m
9. 10.30m 0.80m
10. 14.20m 0.50m
Plus the width of the ring (13th circle) x 2
95.50m (sum of the 5 circles plus the ring)
Length of gap between group of 5 and group of 7 circles
Diameter of outer ring 51.80m
Diameter of inner ring -33.30m
= 18.50m
Basis of Interpretation
The researchers viewed the circles coming out of the "spring" as "time-rings" of a calendar of 12 months. The different ring is not included in the first analysis. The gaps between circles divides the 12 circles into groups of 7 and 5. Such divisions are also found in mythological literature, with a positive and negative valuation: 7 good or bright periods of time are opposite 5 bad or dark ones, caused by the astrological associations.
Interpretation Method
The various measurements or selected combinations are used as part of the calculations, along with the Pi constant. The results lead to the Old Astronomy, in which certain numbers adopt a pilot function. In the case of this crop formation, the gap measurements produced significant additional elements.
1. The basic quantity is the "7" (length of the "spring": 7.00m), which plays an important role in astronomy, astrology and cosmology, as well as in mythology. Taking the set of seven circles, the sum of the diameters is 32.40 meters, or 3240 centimeters. This signals the starsign of Virgo, the first Platonic month, the new year or birthmonth of the Platonic year.
2. The calculation 32:40m x 7.00m results in 226.8m, the sum of the other eleven Platonic months. 32.40 + 226.80 = 259.20 or 3240 + 22680 = 25920, the whole Platonic year. Remember too, the same numbers were found within the Etchilhampton crop circle formation.
3. The next calculation is from the sum of the gaps between the circles of the group of 7 circles, 4.80m:
32.40 x 4.80m = 155.52m
This results in more numbers of the Platonic year. 12960 contains six Platonic months of 2160 calendar years each, presumably the first half. 15552 - 12960 = 2592, which stands for a Platonic month developing out of 36-degrees x 72, of which there are three: Leo, Taurus and Pisces. This seems to indicate the seventh month of the Platonic year, the starsign Pisces. Currently, the spring equinox is situated in about the third quarter of Pisces. Perhaps the number 15552 indicates the present Zodiac Age.
Another solution is possible, and perhaps it is even more valid. As mentioned above, seven Platonic months were grouped as a time cycle in ancient times. Such a period ended dramatically in the starsign of Leo about 10,000 to 8,000 BC. Six time-cycles or Ages totaling 12960 years would contain the Platonic months of Aquarius, Capricorn, Sagittarius, Scorpio, Libra and Virgo. Therefore, the intermediate result in the calculations above, 2592, may indicate the duration in years of the Age of Leo.
The number 2592 is confirmed by another calculation - the differences between the various diameters of the circles:
3.60m - 2.80m = 0.80m
Combine this sum with the previously derived figure, 32.40:
32.40m x 4.40m = 142.56m
This strongly and brilliantly suggests the duration of time of the seven Platonic months following Leo, 14256 years:
Cancer 20-degrees (x 72) 1440
Gemini 28-degrees (x 72) 2016
Taurus 36-degrees (x 72) 2592
Aries 25-degrees (x 72) 1800
Pisces 36-degrees (x 72) 2592
Aquarius 26-degrees (x 72) 1872
Capricorn 27-degrees (x 72) 1944
198-degrees 14256
4. A surprising confirmation is found from calculations involving the group of five circles. The sum of their diameters is 77.00m. The two sevens confirm the cycles of seven, by multiplying the sum of the diameters by the measurements of the ring, 18.50m:
18.50m x 77.00m = 1424.50m
This is just short of the relevant number, 14256. However, by adding the sum of all the gaps, 10.10m, the figure becomes closer:
14245 + 10.10 = 14255.10
Perhaps the imperfection is a hint that the cycle of seven has not yet been completed.
5. Continuing with the group of five, and calculating in the same manner as with the group of seven, the sum of all diameters and the sum of all gaps, is calculated:
This serves as a confirmation of the previous figure. The number before the decimal point, 324, suggests the duration of Virgo, 3240 years, and the beginning of the Platonic year. The 0.7 behind the decimal point repeats the seven of the "spring," but in a reverse relationship; here a tenth of 32.40m, and there a tenth of 7.00m.
6. There exists and almost hilarious confirmation in the form of the sum of all the gaps:
4.80 (gaps between 7 circles +
1.90 (big gap between groups) +
3.40 (gaps between 5 circles and ring) +
Before the decimal point is factor 10 (32.40 x 10 = 324.00), and behind it is the factor 0.10 (7.00 x 0.10 = 0.70).
Up to this point, the time-cycles of the Platonic year were revealed in the calculations. The following calculations show that in this crop formation, ancient numbers associated with the seven planets are revealed.
7. The result of equation number 2 (259.20m) is multiplied by the sum of gaps, 4.80m:
259.20 x 4.80 = 1244.16
This figure may suggest the ratio of Saturn given earlier, 384 x 27 = 10368, because 12 x 10368 = 124416. Twice 10368 is 20736, the sum of the ratios of the seven planets. The connection with the seven of the "spring" becomes clear. Also significant, the number 124416 contains two numbers than turned up in all the prehistoric places examined by Seurig and Baumann, 144 and 216. Their sum, 360, always represented the 360-degrees of the Zodiac. When a zero is added to each number, the Zodiac connection is clear - 2160 is the basic length of a Platonic month, and 1440 is the duration in earth years of the Platonic month of Cancer, with which the new "seven-cycle" starts.
8. Calculating the sum of the diameters of circles 1 through 7, 32.40m with Pi, leads to a rather astonishing number:
32.40m x 3.14 = 101.736
Pull the second 1 and add it to the first, to arrive at 20.736, indicating 20736, the sum of the planet ratios.
Adding the three sums together:
9720 + 3240 + 12960 = 25920
Again, this figure is the complete length of the platonic year.
9. The world of the planets involves the ratio of the moon, 384. It is derived from the crop formation in two ways:
"spring" (7.00m) +
sum of circles 1-7 (32.40m) = 39.40m
subtract the gap (-1.00m) = 38.40m
or from:
inner ring diameter (33.30m) +
sum of gaps between circles 8-13 (3.40m) +
big gap (1.90m)
minus gap - 0.80m
plus gap 0.60m
Adding both results together results in 76.80m, suggesting 768, the ratio of the sun.
This draws attention to the ring in the crop formation. It suggests that the ring does not belong to the the twelve circles or calendar of twelve. The calculated value, 768, provides a clue. This 13th object may represent the sun. The central orb of our solar system, the sun, of course, is the main celestial object associated with the Zodiac Ages, acting somewhat like the hand of a giant clock in the heavens, as the solstices and equinoxes very slowly rotate through the starsigns.
One can draw a parallel between the seven cycles indicated by the crop formation and a teaching in anthroposophy. In that philosophy, the overall duration of the development of humankind and the world consists of 343 periods, determined by 7 x 7 x 7. This is suggested in the crop formation by:
10. Diameter of inner ring: 33.30m +
gap between circles 1 and 2: 1.00m
=34.30m . . . or 343
the sum of diameters of circles 1-7: 32.40m +
big gap: 1.90m
=34.30m . . . 343
11. The final calculation uses the numbers of the diameter of the inner ring and the big gap, but this time as a subtraction:
33.30m - 1.90m = 31.40m
which is 10 Pi. Ten time Pi is also calculated from:
the sum of diameters of circles 1-7: 32.40m
minus gap: - 1.00m
Seurig and Baumann conclude by saying that the work here is just a beginning. They make clear that this is just one of many possible interpretations.
Although they did not use every way of calculating, they created a reasonable time and space frame. It correlates with findings from the study of prehistoric objects, an impressive example being the Boitiner Steintanz in Mecklenburg, Germany.
Whoever the makers of the "Comet's Tail" crop formation might have been, the analysis here shows that they knew about Ancient Astronomy. The researchers contemplated the possible meaning of this - the mental background of the astronomical data, what the scientific, artistic, ethical message might be, if one was intended. If the formation was created by hoaxers, an expert must have designed the pattern, because accidental data of this type is not likely.
The results of the study have led Seurig and Baumann to suspect the possibility that the crop circle formations are being created by the same intelligent forces that in ancient times inspired the builders of prehistoric stone monuments, in order to prove that they presently want to be effective again, for whatever reason, trusting that we will recognise them by their world of numbers. They ask, "Is the present meant to learn to deal with the ancient and eternally valid laws of the mental cosmos with awe?" They conclude, "Without doubt, it would be highly necessary. So, it is important to examine the phenomenon further, to collect more material, to investigate and prove, and keep this way of interpretation in mind, especially because we found similar results in other crop formations as well."
It is our intent to continue exploring the possilbe crop circle connections to Gematria and "The Code." This review of the fine article by Max Seurig and H. Werner Baumann is just a beginning.
Joseph E. Mason
Gematrian Numbers in Crop Circles
Robert Boerman
Colours & Numbers by Robert Boerman
IS SOUND BEHIND THE CREATION OF CROP CIRCLES?
by Freddy Silva
PLANETARY CODES IN THE BARBURY CASTLE CROP CIRCLE
Temporary Temples For The Modern Age
by Karen Douglas
THE UNDERGROUND CONNECTION
End of Part Seven
If you have any questions or comments e-mail JOE MASON
The URL of this Page is: http://www.greatdreams.com/gem7.htm
Articles by Michael Lawrence Morton
Article One: The Face' at Cydonia on Mars
Article Two: Rennes Le Chateau and Bethlehem
Article Three: "Faces" On Earth And Mars
Article Four: Major Discovery - Phi, 18 And Poussin's Secret
The Panther Mound and Sphinx Connection
By Michael Lawrence Morton
First Article: Carl P. Munck and Zecharia Sitchin
RE : The Great Sphinx
Second Article: Another Sphinx Mystery (and Panther Mound)
Dream of the Gematrian Wheel and Carl Munck's Response
PART FIVE
The King's Chamber and the Sarcophagus
of the Great Pyramid
with Contributions from James Furia and Joseph E. Mason
PART SIX
Three Articles:
The Sphinx, Two Fountains Of Youth,
And The King's Chamber
By James Furia
Looking At Coral Castle
It is Painfully Obvious
There is a Unified Theory
in the Mathematical Grid of the Ancient Ones
PART EIGHT
The Great Sphinx Knows Earth's 'Polar Dimensions'
PART NINE
Some Pittsburgh Area 'Code Sites'
PART TEN
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania "Code" Connections
PART ELEVEN
Miami: The home Of The Mayans?
With Decoding by Michael Lawrence Morton
Counter added April 23, 2001
Thanks to Ender Design, Inc. for the free graphics from Realm Graphics
BACK TO DREAMS OF THE GREAT EARTH CHANGES
Logo by Gary Val Tenuta


For those who enjoy Orbis books, and look forward to the type of spiritual and theological engagement reflected in this month's new titles, we invite you to join our new Orbis Book Club.
Next month we'll be launching this new reading club on our Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/orbisbooks), beginning with Jim Forest's acclaimed work, At Play in the Lions' Den: A Memoir and Biography of Daniel Berrigan.
Members will receive a discount and an opportunity to interact with the author and other readers. Help us spread the word!
What book would you like to read next? Both current and potential book discussion group members are invited to suggest titles. We have found Orbis Books (www.orbisbooks.com) to be an excellent source, with the advantage of their 40% discount for Maryknoll Affiliates and book group members.
Book Suggestions: Post your ideas for a good summer read at the Maryknoll Affiliates Facebook page. If you have a suggestion for a book for next fall's book group, contact Bob.


And like March 2010, the altitude has proved entirely too short-lived. Starting in May 2018, sentiment began to creep a little lower. These indices tend to be very noisy month-to-month, but the overall directly has become pretty obvious as further months unfolded. The latest monthly reading, for February 2019 (the diffusion estimates are one month further behind the rest of the IP figures), was 46.8.
That's the lowest since May 2016. Even discounting that one monthly result, the 6-month average has dropped to 52; the lowest since September 2016.
It is pretty consistent with other measures of the same type. The 1-month US IP diffusion index topped out around June last year. That's around the same inflection point as, for example, FRBNY's Current General Business Conditions Index for New York (otherwise known as the Empire Fed manufacturing).
Consistent with markets, April and May (especially May 29) have proved to be something of a stopping point for whatever that was beforehand (some would call it a boom, I don't think it ever came close). What developed over the back half of 2018 wasn't a collapse, however, but it has been a noticeable slowdown particularly in the manufacturing sector.
According to revised estimates from the Fed, US Industrial Production overall going back to last August just hasn't been the same. As sentiment began to soften in the months prior, production levels have followed from what was mounting (and then confirmed) uncertainty.
Whereas between October 2017 and April 2018, IP was rising at a 7% annual rate (hurricane boost included) going back to August it is up by only a 1.1% annual rate. And that includes a still robust energy meaning crude oil contribution. Though the rate has slowed there, too, mining for oil continues to rise at better than a 15% clip.
That means the industrial economic pieces apart from shale oil haven't been nearly so hot. Again, the manufacturing segment has already produced a minus sign. It isn't a big one, yet, but going back to August 2018 the Fed figures manufacturing output was slightly less in March 2019 than it was seven months earlier.
For the production of consumer goods alone, the minus sign is a little bigger still.
It brings to mind what used to be the widely-accepted concept of economic "stall speed." In other words, when GDP for at least two quarters averaged about 2% that was when you started to worry about recession.
As you know, 2% is now pretty much the economic average, another sign of how degraded economic function has become. Over enough time, it's about the best that this economy has been able to manage (it's as if there is "something" just holding it back, something that since 2008 hasn't ever allowed sufficient momentum for the global economy to breakout). Therefore, stall speed, if there is one, might be a little lower still.
We've seen, of course, a manufacturing recession just a few years ago. Given what we see in those places today, the US economy (not "overseas turmoil") appears to have already fallen back into that same zone where the concept of an economic stall, at least, might be a valid question.
Industrial Production is one of the few indicators that the NBER uses to determine the business cycle. Though IP was negative 2015-16, the manufacturing recession, others were not (GDP came close, the BLS's Establishment Survey only decelerated though for several years thereafter). It was a serious enough slowdown at the time, but not enough to call it a recession.
Does that really matter? If the US economy does stall like in the same way it did four years ago, that pretty much kills the recovery idea (globally synchronized growth) in the same way it did…four years ago. Maybe it's not stall speed that should concern us, more about top speed; what sure seems like a speed limit. The economy stalled out in 2007 and never got going again.
A full-blown recession is simply a point on the downturn spectrum – a more worse case downside. In other words, a long-term "expansion" where growth to the topside is always limited but where contraction and recession to the downside are always somewhat likely is a system that is clearly malfunctioning.
In truth, people mainly care about recession (unless you're one of the millions laid off) because of the stock market. It is about the only thing that is almost guaranteed to bring share prices crashing back to earth. That's not nothing, of course, an important potential investment landmine to worry about.
But to ever get out of this mess, to hopefully someday validate those huge share price multiples and thus reduce the dangers of another sustained bear market (two ~60% declines already in the 21st century), it will require some high level of topline economic speed. One quarter of 4% GDP isn't anywhere near enough. As 2014 already showed, two quarters near 5% couldn't manage it. Sustained growth quarter after quarter at a speed where stalling isn't even a slight probability.
Where recovery was supposed to be in 2019, more and more it looks like stall speed, whatever that may be in this economic regime, instead. Nothing changed. There was no boom, not a real one anyway (a boom is sustained meaningful growth). We aren't breaking out of the malaise. At this point in the process, how's that any green shoot? This is how you lose one decade and get a couple years into a second.


text:
What is a DVD disc and how is it used?
Usage of DVD disc
A Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) is recordable media that offers approximately 7 times the capacity of a CD for recording, editing and storing and which also allows the following applications for a wide range of use:
Recording of Television programs.
Recording and playback of high-capacity movies and images.
Creating an original DVD by editing data and images.
Dubbing from analog to digital.
Backup for storing data.
What is the storage capacity of DVD discs?
Why does the error message "DVD Cannot Be Played In This Region" appear when playing a DVD disc?
Unable to play a Blu-ray Disc (BD), DVD or CD disc.
Does my VAIO computer support DTS-ready DVD discs?
What to do if the DVD movie cannot be displayed on the TV after inserting a DVD Disc into the DVD-ROM or DVD-RW?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Stadion Czawdara Cwetkowa (bułg. Стадион Чавдар Цветков) – wielofunkcyjny stadion w Swoge, w Bułgarii. Obiekt może pomieścić 4500 widzów. Swoje spotkania na stadionie rozgrywają piłkarze klubu Sportist Swoge.

Przypisy

Stadiony piłkarskie w Bułgarii
Stadiony lekkoatletyczne w Bułgarii
Swoge

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Manasaare was an Indian Kannada language soap opera which premiered on 24 February 2020 in Udaya TV and ended on 13 November 2021. The show stars  Priyanka Chincholi and Sujay Hegde in lead roles.  It is the remake of the Telugu serial Pournami.

Plot
The story revolves around an innocent elder daughter Prarthana, the protagonist of the show, who has been waiting for years to get the love of her father. All that she wishes for and wants in life is her father's love. However, she is fortunate enough as she only gets unconditional love from her stepmother who treats her as her own flesh and blood.

Cast

Main
Priyanka Chincholi as Prarthana Yuvaraj
Sagar Biligowda / Sujay Hegde as Yuvaraj (Yuva)

Supporting
Suneel Puranik / Harish as Anand Mahendra
Swathi as Devaki Anand
Prakruthi Prasad as Pavani
Unknown / Charith Balappa as Ram Charan
Chitkala Biradar as Damayanti
Yamuna Srinidhi as Vasuki
Rajalakshmi as Prathana's grandmother
Yamuna Srinidhi as Kausalya Anand (Died in serial)
Sunethra Pandit as Vajramma
Ramesh Pandit
Vijay Koundinya as Bhoopathi

Cameo appearance
Rishi as himself

Adaptations

Crossover and special episodes
From 7 September 2020 to 11 September 2020 and from 6 May 2021 to 26 May 2021 it had a Mahasangama with Kavyanjali.
From 4 January 2021 to 9 January 2021, it aired a one-hour special episode.
Again from 14 April 2021 to 17 April 2021 it had a crossover with Kavyanjali for Yuva and Prathana marriage episodes.

References

2020 Indian television series debuts
Udaya TV original programming
Kannada-language television shows


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Directions: From Raymond Beach, follow Rt. 302 north, right onto Brown Road, left onto New Rd. to property on the left.
Terms: A $10,000 deposit to bid in CASH or CERTIFIED U.S. FUNDS, made payable to the Keenan Auction Co., Inc., 30 day closing. A 10% Buyer's Premium. All other terms will be announced at the public sale. For a Property Information Package visit KeenanAuction.com or call (207) 885-5100 and request by auction number 17-264. Richard J. Keenan #236. Our 45th Year and 7,723rd Auction.


text:
Factor Episode Mode Seven
By Thomas Quinlan
A.F.T.E.R.H.O.U.R.S. Research has been playing it low key since they released their debut twelve-inch in 2000. Rapper J-Ras has been building his label, Gro-Op, and putting in a few vocal appearances here and there. Factor has Episode Mode Seven, his debut album. The majority of the production here is supplied by Factor with a mix of either soft drum programming with too much synthetic keyboard or hard drums, bass and smart sample selections. Check the difference between "Momentum" and "Artisan." Unfortunately, there's too much of the former and not enough of the latter, even if some of the extremely synthetic beats are damn catchy. And I can't get enough of "Rap Tactics." Double Dragon supplies three of the beats and helps out with two others. "Crack Da Vault" comes off corny, but Double Dragon redeems himself with the organs and piano of "Episode Mode Seven" and the hyperkinetic collection of strings that is "Upper Elevation." Stace Prints also helps out on two beats, co-producing the drum-heavy "Trails We Blaze," one of the album's best tracks thanks to the hard production and Stace's guest vocals. Prevail, of Swollen Members, and Ashes also lend vocals, but the rest is held down by Factor, who definitely has skills on the mic. If only the beats were more consistent. (Facbrandaudio)
More Factor
More Factor Chandelier


text:
Q: Derive equation for plane from two parallel curves I have seven linear regression lines, each with a different value for $z$, i.e. $$\text{eq1}: y = 3x + 2,\, z = 0,\qquad \text{eq2}: y = 2.5x + 3,\, z = 2$$
All of the lines have the same $x$ range (lets say from $x=1$ to $x=10$). With the start and end points of each of the $7$ lines known, I would like to first make a $3$rd degree interpolation over the start points and again for the end points, this will result in two curves, parallel in the $z$ direction (extending back).
Then with these two parallel curves, I would like to create a plane that consists of a straight line from each point on the two curves. In other words, with the two curves extending into the $z$ plane, taking the two values for when $z=0$: find the straight line that connects these two points, then again for when $z=0.1$ etc.
This would make up a plane, and I would like to know the equation of that plane by just plugging in the $7$ initial straight line equations. Or if easier, plugging in the two $3$rd degree polynomial equations for the start/end points.
Thanks in advance!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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let Promise = require('bluebird');

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Courts and Justice
Federal appeals court upholds judge's lowest possible sentence in child-porn case
U.S. District Judge James Gwin
Eric Heisig, cleveland.com
CINCINNATI, Ohio -- An appeals court on Monday rebuffed the U.S. Attorney's Office's attempt to overturn a Cleveland federal judge's decision to give the lowest possible sentence to a man who downloaded and shared child pornography.
U.S. District Judge James Gwin sentenced Ryan Collins in February 2015 to five years in prison after he polled the jury. The jury said that it thought Collins should serve a sentence of a little more than a year for his crimes.
The U.S. Attorney's Office appealed the sentence, saying it was improper for Gwin, who was appointed to the bench by President Bill Clinton in 1997, to give a sentence based on a jury poll. But the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Cincinnati rejected the appeal, saying that the judge gave many other reasons for the lower sentence.
The decision is a blow to federal prosecutors, who have expressed frustration over the basement sentence given to Collins, who refused to take responsibility after investigators found more than 1,500 child pornography files on his computers and evidence that he shared files with others.
In a statement, Acting U.S. Attorney Carole Rendon said, "Although we are disappointed with the 6th Circuit's decision and disagree with the sentence that was imposed in this case, we respect that the court has ruled on the matter."
(You can read the full decision here or at the bottom of this story.)
Under federal law, a judge can sentence a defendant to up to 20 years in prison if he or she is found guilty of child porn distribution. The probation office had said a guideline sentence for Collins, a Dalton resident with no prior convictions, should be even higher.
Assistant U.S. Attorney Michael Sullivan at sentencing asked Gwin to give Collins, 33, the maximum allowed.
But in an opinion authored by Senior Judge Ralph Guy Jr., the court ruled that judges are allowed to hand down sentences that are above or below the probation office's recommended guidelines if they disagree from a policy standpoint. Guy wrote that Gwin reasoned that the guidelines in this case show "how off the mark the Federal Sentencing Guidelines are."
Gwin's sentence is just one example of a larger discussion regarding mandatory minimum sentences and the way federal sentences are calculated.
The judge has also studied the disparity between the probation office's recommended sentence and what jurors feel is a just sentence. He wrote a paper for the Harvard Law & Policy Review, published in February 2010, that said juries in 22 cases recommended sentences that were significantly lower than the probation office's recommendations.
Robert Cheren, Collins' attorney, praised the 6th Circuit's ruling. He said Gwin's survey "was just one piece of the puzzle, and it was an important piece because it reflects community sentiment."
Collins is serving his sentence at a federal prison in Lisbon.
Updated with comments from Rendon and Cheren.
If you would like to comment on this story, please visit Wednesday's crime and courts comments section.


text:
NFC Rumors: Vikes, Saints, Hawks, Eagles
September 22nd, 2017 at 9:01pm CST by Connor Byrne
A left knee injury will shelve Vikings quarterback Sam Bradford for the second straight game on Sunday, but it's not necessarily time to panic, Tom Pelissero of NFL Network says (video link). While Bradford's knee is "painful," according to Pelissero, doctors have not told the quarterback that it has any structural that would require surgery. Notably, Bradford underwent procedures for two torn ACLs in that knee earlier in his career. For now, Bradford and the Vikings are hoping he'll return for their Week 4 home game against Detroit – the first of three divisional matchups in a row.
A lack of continuity is one of the key causes of the Saints' years-long defensive struggles, Mike Triplett of ESPN.com observes. The Saints have started the most defenders (55) in the NFL dating back to 2014, and have also seen a league-high 23 defensive backs start at least two games in that span, per Triplett. The club has simply missed on too many defensive free agent signings and draft picks – including linebacker Stephone Anthony – to establish a rhythm on that side of the ball, Triplett contends. The Saints traded Anthony, a first-round selection in 2015, to Miami this week for a 2018 fifth-rounder after he failed to live up to his draft status in New Orleans. Safety Kenny Vaccaro, a 2013 first-rounder, may also find himself in another uniform soon. A starter in 57 of 58 career appearances, Vaccaro sat on the bench for a large portion of the Saints' blowout loss to New England last week. Former teammate Scott Shanle, a retired linebacker, informed Triplett that Vaccaro is "the most bipolar player I've ever seen as far as consistency. When he's on, he's one of the best players in the league. When he's off, I just don't get it."
Seahawks tight end Luke Willson told Bob Condotta of the Seattle Times that he expected his offseason foray into free agency to go better than it did. Willson was on the market for a week before re-signing with the Seahawks on a modest deal worth between $1.8MM and $3MM. "To be honest with you it was a miserable process,'' Willson said. "Not what I expected. I don't know what day I officially signed back but it wasn't the first few days and it was, whatever it was — four days of being unemployed felt like about four months.'' Willson added that he has no complaints about the end result, noting that he's still "making quite a bit of money playing football." The 27-year-old has never been a prolific pass catcher during his four-plus seasons, meaning he could once again have trouble scoring a coveted long-term contract by next spring.
Eagles executive vice president Howie Roseman erred in handing guard Isaac Seumalo a starting job before training camp began, Paul Domowitch of Philly.com opines. Roseman traded Allen Barbre to Denver on July 26 to further drive home the point that he wanted Seumalo in the starting lineup, but the second-year man is already headed to the bench in favor of Chance Warmack after a pair of rough games. The Eagles' hope was that Seumalo would start all 16 games at left guard this year and then, perhaps as early as next season, shift to center to take over for Jason Kelce, Domowitch suggests. Kelce's under contract for a few more years, so if Seumalo doesn't return to a No. 1 role this season and show marked improvement, perhaps the former will stick around in 2018.
Isaac Seumalo
Jason Kelce
Sam Bradford


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Arrowheads and the other interesting artifacts you might find are most often made of stone, ceramic (pottery) or bone. Most arrowheads are chipped from stone, usually flint or chert. Many arrowheads, dart and spear points can be typed and dated. Point types will vary somewhat from region to region.
Long before you see an arrowhead, you will probably see hundreds of chips or flakes of the stone that was used by the Indians of your area. These flakes are the best indicator that you are on the right track, and sometimes the flakes themselves were used as blades or tools. If you are curious about ancient stone tools, it might be interesting to examine all large flakes to see if they were specially shaped into drills or scraping tools.
Learn to examine broken or flaked stone to determine if an Indian worked on the piece seriously or if the piece is simply a burned and cracked rock. With a little practice it is easy to see where flakes were intentionally removed.
A stone that has a cleanly removed flake that shows ripple marks on the flake scar was almost certainly chipped by man and if it is found away from where heavy equipment has operated it was likely done by an Indian. A stone that has multiple flake scars is almost certainly an ancient artifact.
It is not a good idea to try to keep every piece of worked rock you find. These scraps can help show where villages lie and have no real value. After hunting for awhile you will see how common worked stone really is.
While looking for arrow points you will frequently come across other things of interest.
In addition to arrowheads, Indians made fine pipes, jewelry of hard and colorful stones, and fine ceramic ware with incised designs.
Historic sites often yield coins, jewelry, musket balls and fine brass buttons that are very easy to date.


text:
By Kevin Miao ⋅ April 7, 2012 ⋅ Post a comment
Filed Under drake, lil wayne, rihanna
Drake has just released two new music videos for his album, Take Care. The first video is "Take Care", featuring Rihanna and samples Gil Scott-Heron And Jamie xx's collab. Yoann Lemoine ("Blue Jeans", "Born to Die"), the director for the video, told MTV that "it's actually the most indie video I've done my whole life." As if "Blue Jeans" wasn't indie enough. The second video is for "HYFR", which features Lil Wayne. The music video is an amazing recreation of Drake's Bar Mitzvah that occurred last year. The video also includes artists such as Trey Songz, Birdman, and DJ Khaled. This video was directed by Joseph Labisi, who has directed music videos for artists such as Chris Brown, Taylor Swift and Common. Watch the two videos below.
Listen/Download New Chiddy Bang - "Rebel"
Goblin Track Listing
Hoodie Allen Details 'Leap Year'
Listen: Jay-Z - "Glory (feat. B.I.C.)"


text:
FAIRCHILD Republic
KNOWN AS THE 'WARTHOG'
Stats History Fun Facts Shop
SINGLE SEAT, TWIN ENGINE SUBSONIC ATTACK AIRCRAFT KNOWN FOR IT'S INCREDIBLE DURABILITY AND FIREPOWER
Credit: Real Engineering
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT
The A-10 is the first U.S. Air Force aircraft designed specifically for close air support. Although its official name comes from the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, a World War II fighter that proved effective in the close air support role, the A-10 has also become affectionately known as the "Warthog."
The aircraft was designed around its primary armament, a Gatling-style (rotary) autocannon and is protected by more than 1,200 pounds of armor around the cockpit and flight control systems. As a result, the A-10 has a reputation for survivability, with many recorded examples of aircraft taking significant damage and remaining airborne. It also has superior maneuverability at low speeds/altitudes and is capable of short takeoffs and landings, enabling it to operate from more primitive forward bases.
The A-10A entered service in March of 1976 and first saw combat during the Gulf War in 1991, flying over 8,000 sorties. It has become popular among pilots and ground troops due to its success as a close air support platform. Later models are still in service and there are no immediate plans to retire the aircraft.
With the growing treat of Soviet Armed Forces and the need for all-weather attack aircraft, the U.S. Air Force put out a request for proposals that included a requirement to be designed specifically to support a 30mm armor piercing rotary cannon. Fairchild Republic's YA-10A prototype won the bid in 1973.
Between 1978 and present day, the A-10 fleet has received countless technological and structural upgrades ranging from laser receiver pods, state of the art navigation systems, upgraded targeting systems, new weapons systems, new fuel pods, and most recently new wings.
As part of plans to retire the A-10, the USAF planned to halt the current wing replacement program to save $500 million dollars. However, by May 2015 the re-winging program was too far into the contract to be financially efficient to cancel. Now the A-10 fleet with new 'TUSK' wings can operate to 2040.
The A-10 is essentially a flying gun. The air frame is built around a 19-foot-long, 4,000 pound GAU-8 30 mm auto cannon that fires at a blistering rate of 65 rounds per second.
CHECK IT OUT IN OUR MILITARY HANGAR
Battle Hardened
The A-10 is known for being exceptionally durable, able to survive direct hits from armor piercing shells and high explosive projectiles up to 23mm with a direct hit. It has redundant-hydraulic systems, and a mechanical system as a backup if hydraulics fails. The aircraft is designed to be able to fly with one engine, half of the tail, one elevator, and half of a wing missing – and has done so many times
The future of the A-10 remains a subject of active debate. The U.S. military has explore many alternate aircraft options, and in 2015 planned to replace the A-10 with the F-35 'Lighting II' all-together. In February 2016, the Air Force deferred the final retirement of the A-10 Warthog until 2022. In June 2017, it was announced that the aircraft "...will now be kept in the air force's inventory indefinitely."
On 25 March 2010, an A-10 conducted the first flight of an aircraft with all engines powered by a biofuel blend. On 28 June 2012, the A-10 became the first aircraft to fly using a new fuel blend derived from alcohol; known as ATJ (Alcohol-to-Jet), the fuel is cellulosic based and can be produced using wood, paper, grass, or any cellulose based material.
KAMAN K-225
BOEING B-29 'SUPERFORTRESS'


text:
from copy import deepcopy
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

from azure.mgmt.core import ARMPipelineClient
from msrest import Deserializer, Serializer

from . import models
from ._configuration import AzureMachineLearningWorkspacesConfiguration
from .operations import BatchDeploymentsOperations, BatchEndpointsOperations, CodeContainersOperations, CodeVersionsOperations, ComponentContainersOperations, ComponentVersionsOperations, ComputeOperations, DataContainersOperations, DataVersionsOperations, DatastoresOperations, EnvironmentContainersOperations, EnvironmentVersionsOperations, JobsOperations, ModelContainersOperations, ModelVersionsOperations, OnlineDeploymentsOperations, OnlineEndpointsOperations, Operations, PrivateEndpointConnectionsOperations, PrivateLinkResourcesOperations, QuotasOperations, UsagesOperations, VirtualMachineSizesOperations, WorkspaceConnectionsOperations, WorkspaceFeaturesOperations, WorkspacesOperations

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    # pylint: disable=unused-import,ungrouped-imports
    from typing import Any, Optional

    from azure.core.credentials import TokenCredential
    from azure.core.rest import HttpRequest, HttpResponse

class AzureMachineLearningWorkspaces(object):
    """These APIs allow end users to operate on Azure Machine Learning Workspace resources.

    :ivar batch_endpoints: BatchEndpointsOperations operations
    :vartype batch_endpoints:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.BatchEndpointsOperations
    :ivar batch_deployments: BatchDeploymentsOperations operations
    :vartype batch_deployments:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.BatchDeploymentsOperations
    :ivar code_containers: CodeContainersOperations operations
    :vartype code_containers:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.CodeContainersOperations
    :ivar code_versions: CodeVersionsOperations operations
    :vartype code_versions: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.CodeVersionsOperations
    :ivar component_containers: ComponentContainersOperations operations
    :vartype component_containers:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.ComponentContainersOperations
    :ivar component_versions: ComponentVersionsOperations operations
    :vartype component_versions:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.ComponentVersionsOperations
    :ivar data_containers: DataContainersOperations operations
    :vartype data_containers:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.DataContainersOperations
    :ivar data_versions: DataVersionsOperations operations
    :vartype data_versions: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.DataVersionsOperations
    :ivar datastores: DatastoresOperations operations
    :vartype datastores: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.DatastoresOperations
    :ivar environment_containers: EnvironmentContainersOperations operations
    :vartype environment_containers:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.EnvironmentContainersOperations
    :ivar environment_versions: EnvironmentVersionsOperations operations
    :vartype environment_versions:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.EnvironmentVersionsOperations
    :ivar jobs: JobsOperations operations
    :vartype jobs: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.JobsOperations
    :ivar model_containers: ModelContainersOperations operations
    :vartype model_containers:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.ModelContainersOperations
    :ivar model_versions: ModelVersionsOperations operations
    :vartype model_versions: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.ModelVersionsOperations
    :ivar online_endpoints: OnlineEndpointsOperations operations
    :vartype online_endpoints:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.OnlineEndpointsOperations
    :ivar online_deployments: OnlineDeploymentsOperations operations
    :vartype online_deployments:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.OnlineDeploymentsOperations
    :ivar operations: Operations operations
    :vartype operations: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.Operations
    :ivar workspaces: WorkspacesOperations operations
    :vartype workspaces: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.WorkspacesOperations
    :ivar usages: UsagesOperations operations
    :vartype usages: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.UsagesOperations
    :ivar virtual_machine_sizes: VirtualMachineSizesOperations operations
    :vartype virtual_machine_sizes:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.VirtualMachineSizesOperations
    :ivar quotas: QuotasOperations operations
    :vartype quotas: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.QuotasOperations
    :ivar compute: ComputeOperations operations
    :vartype compute: azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.ComputeOperations
    :ivar private_endpoint_connections: PrivateEndpointConnectionsOperations operations
    :vartype private_endpoint_connections:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.PrivateEndpointConnectionsOperations
    :ivar private_link_resources: PrivateLinkResourcesOperations operations
    :vartype private_link_resources:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.PrivateLinkResourcesOperations
    :ivar workspace_connections: WorkspaceConnectionsOperations operations
    :vartype workspace_connections:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.WorkspaceConnectionsOperations
    :ivar workspace_features: WorkspaceFeaturesOperations operations
    :vartype workspace_features:
     azure.mgmt.machinelearningservices.operations.WorkspaceFeaturesOperations
    :param credential: Credential needed for the client to connect to Azure.
    :type credential: ~azure.core.credentials.TokenCredential
    :param subscription_id: The ID of the target subscription.
    :type subscription_id: str
    :param base_url: Service URL. Default value is 'https://management.azure.com'.
    :type base_url: str
    :keyword int polling_interval: Default waiting time between two polls for LRO operations if no
     Retry-After header is present.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        credential,  # type: "TokenCredential"
        subscription_id,  # type: str
        base_url="https://management.azure.com",  # type: str
        **kwargs  # type: Any
    ):
        # type: (...) -> None
        self._config = AzureMachineLearningWorkspacesConfiguration(credential=credential, subscription_id=subscription_id, **kwargs)
        self._client = ARMPipelineClient(base_url=base_url, config=self._config, **kwargs)

        client_models = {k: v for k, v in models.__dict__.items() if isinstance(v, type)}
        self._serialize = Serializer(client_models)
        self._deserialize = Deserializer(client_models)
        self._serialize.client_side_validation = False
        self.batch_endpoints = BatchEndpointsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.batch_deployments = BatchDeploymentsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.code_containers = CodeContainersOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.code_versions = CodeVersionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.component_containers = ComponentContainersOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.component_versions = ComponentVersionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.data_containers = DataContainersOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.data_versions = DataVersionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.datastores = DatastoresOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.environment_containers = EnvironmentContainersOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.environment_versions = EnvironmentVersionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.jobs = JobsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.model_containers = ModelContainersOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.model_versions = ModelVersionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.online_endpoints = OnlineEndpointsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.online_deployments = OnlineDeploymentsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.operations = Operations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.workspaces = WorkspacesOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.usages = UsagesOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.virtual_machine_sizes = VirtualMachineSizesOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.quotas = QuotasOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.compute = ComputeOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.private_endpoint_connections = PrivateEndpointConnectionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.private_link_resources = PrivateLinkResourcesOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.workspace_connections = WorkspaceConnectionsOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)
        self.workspace_features = WorkspaceFeaturesOperations(self._client, self._config, self._serialize, self._deserialize)

    def _send_request(
        self,
        request,  # type: HttpRequest
        **kwargs  # type: Any
    ):
        # type: (...) -> HttpResponse
        """Runs the network request through the client's chained policies.

        >>> from azure.core.rest import HttpRequest
        >>> request = HttpRequest("GET", "https://www.example.org/")
        <HttpRequest [GET], url: 'https://www.example.org/'>
        >>> response = client._send_request(request)
        <HttpResponse: 200 OK>

        For more information on this code flow, see https://aka.ms/azsdk/python/protocol/quickstart

        :param request: The network request you want to make. Required.
        :type request: ~azure.core.rest.HttpRequest
        :keyword bool stream: Whether the response payload will be streamed. Defaults to False.
        :return: The response of your network call. Does not do error handling on your response.
        :rtype: ~azure.core.rest.HttpResponse
        """

        request_copy = deepcopy(request)
        request_copy.url = self._client.format_url(request_copy.url)
        return self._client.send_request(request_copy, **kwargs)

    def close(self):
        # type: () -> None
        self._client.close()

    def __enter__(self):
        # type: () -> AzureMachineLearningWorkspaces
        self._client.__enter__()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *exc_details):
        # type: (Any) -> None
        self._client.__exit__(*exc_details)


Deleting a person removes your access to all Polos in this conversation. However, the other person will still have access. To remove their access to your sent Polos, please see how to delete a Polo.
If you'd like to delete someone listed under 'Add Friends', that's simply Marco Polo displaying your device's contacts. To delete one of those, you'd need to delete the contact from your device, and then reinstall the app to no longer see that contact.


text:
Home Business Latest Business News Will Oprah Run for President in 2020?
Will Oprah Run for President in 2020?
Oprah Winfrey has lived a truly rags-to-riches life. Her outstanding successes in media and business have proved her to be an exceptionally talented individual. Her electrifying speech at the Golden Globes has gotten people talking about her possible presidential run.
Another contender for the White House who initially stirred American viewers with a speech was Barack Obama. Four years after delivering a speech at the 2004 National Democratic Convention, Americans voted for him to serve as the first black President in U.S. history. Now, Oprah's speech has given rise to the recent rumors that she may run for President in 2020. What do we know about this celebrity businesswoman's potential bid for the presidency?
Born into poverty, Oprah ran away from an abusive home at age 13, and at 14, she got pregnant and lost the baby due to premature birth. But Oprah excelled in high school, earning honors and getting voted Most Popular Girl. At 17, Oprah entered the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest and won. With her oratory gifts, she earned a full scholarship to Tennessee State University and studied communication. Her career in media began in local radio and television, covering the news as an anchor, and in 1983, she moved to Chicago to host a failing morning talk show. After a few months, Oprah's show surpassed Donahue as the highest-rated show in Chicago. Roger Ebert, the film critic, struck a syndication deal with Oprah and they renamed the program The Oprah Winfrey Show and expanded it to an hour. Soon after that, Oprah's show became the top-rated daytime talk show in America. You probably know the rest of the story about Oprah's 30 years of amazing success.
In 2017, Oprah's net worth reached $3 billion. She now owns and operates one of the world's largest media empires, named Harpo, which is Oprah spelled backward. As a challenger to President Trump, who based much of his 2016 campaign strategy on the history of his business acumen and acquired wealth, Oprah would trump him in terms of both entrepreneurial success and net worth. This comparison may lead observers to believe Oprah could beat Trump in 2020.
In terms of polling, early results indicate that Oprah's chances aren't so great on the surface. 24% think Oprah should run, while 59% say she should not. However, if the Democratic primary were held today between Oprah and Elizabeth Warren, 39% of registered voters said they would vote for Oprah and 35% for Warren. Furthermore, if the presidential election were held today against Trump, the poll reveals that 40% would vote for Oprah, with Trump getting 38%. While these results may imply that Oprah's chances aren't as stunningly favorable as the cable news outlets gushed after her Golden Globes speech, consideration must be made for the fact that Oprah hasn't even announced her intention to run, nor has she done any campaigning work.
"People shouldn't put too much weight on early polling numbers," comments Randall Isenberg, attorney and founder of the Law Offices of Randall B. Isenberg. "Trump's early numbers for the 2016 election were pretty bad, but he obviously defied those in the end."
Oprah would likely repair the adversarial relationship currently held between the White House and the press, a prospect that would certainly work to her advantage during a campaign. In fact, she made the defense of the press a highlight of her Golden Globes speech. And despite the fact that Trump has succeeded in media as a reality TV star and public figure, media savvy is Oprah's core strength, again, giving her an advantage over Trump.
Government experience ha been shown to be a small issue in presidential races, given that Trump recently won with absolutely no experience in office. In fact, government experience can be used against candidates to paint them as out-of-touch and part of the status quo. A much more persuasive factor in presidential elections turns out to be business experience, a proven track record in the marketplace, and Oprah shines here like few others.
An even bigger point of contention right now revolves around women's issues. In her speech, Oprah talked about how women have "endured years of abuse and assault," and Oprah can speak from personal experience on this topic, striking at a particular weak point in Trump's platform. Generally speaking, women aren't happy about Trump's attitude toward women, and a vote for Oprah would represent a push back against Trump's behavior.
Oprah appeared to be directly addressing women's issues from a presidential perspective when she concluded her speech by saying to young women that "a new day is on the horizon" and leadership will come that will put an end to sexual assault. That's a good message whether Oprah decides to run or not.
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text:
Prosecutor for Hire?
Posted on Feb. 13, 2018, 11:04 am by Jonathan Holbrook
Editor's note: This is the first blog post by Jonathan Holbrook, who began working with the School of Government last July as our first Prosecutor Educator. Jonathan knows the field, having worked as a prosecutor for nearly 10 years, first in state court with the Wake County District Attorney's Office, and then in federal court with the U.S. Attorney's Office. Please welcome him to the School – and to the blog.
I am truly honored to join the staff here at the School of Government, and excited to have this opportunity to help set the course for the new position of Prosecutor Educator. Over time, my role here will likely expand to include more training and advising, similar to the great work Phil Dixon currently does with defense attorneys in his capacity as the Defender Educator. But for now, my primary focus is on a large project related to the Prosecutors' Trial Manual, which has not been updated since 2012. The manual is one of many works written and maintained by long-time faculty member Bob Farb, who retired from the School of Government last year. Rather than simply update and re-publish the existing manual, the School of Government (in consultation with an advisory committee of veteran prosecutors) is converting that material into a robust and searchable online knowledge base of North Carolina criminal procedure. This new resource will preserve the rich content and extensive research from the current manual, but in a format that is much easier to update, search, and navigate.
One of the benefits of engaging in this top-to-bottom revision of the old manual has been learning and re-learning all the nuts and bolts – and hidden gems – of North Carolina criminal procedure. The rest of this post focuses on an interesting topic that recently caught my eye, and which I think might be surprising to some readers as well.
The victim of a serious assault hires a personal injury attorney to pursue a parallel civil case against the defendant for medical bills, lost wages, pain and suffering, etc. May that private attorney actively participate in the prosecution of the criminal case, as well?
Answer: Yes – if the prosecutor chooses to allow it. The North Carolina Constitution (Art. IV, § 18) vests sole authority for the prosecution of all crimes in the offices of the elected District Attorneys, but the state supreme court has recognized the District Attorney's discretionary authority to "delegate" that prosecutorial function to a private attorney, as long as the District Attorney remains "in charge" of the prosecution. See, e.g., State v. Best, 280 N.C. 413 (1972); see also State v. Camacho 329 N.C. 589 (1991) (discretion to permit involvement of private prosecutors "has existed in our courts from their incipiency"). A few years ago, a house bill was proposed which would have codified and expanded this practice, but for now it appears to remain purely a matter of case law.
Readers may be more familiar with similar practices such as the appointment of a special prosecutor to avoid an alleged conflict of interest, or prosecution by another authorized state agency like the Special Prosecutions Divisions of the Attorney General's Office. But the direct participation of a truly "private" attorney, hired by the victim to prosecute the case in criminal court, even though he or she is not a sworn Assistant District Attorney? Really…?
According to the cases — yes, really. The concept might sound strange to our modern ears, but up until the beginning of the 20th century it was actually quite common, and it persists today in varying forms and degrees in several other states (and, to some extent, in federal court). This article provides an interesting summary of both the history and the current scope of the practice, along with some of the thorny issues it raises. For example, what happens if the private prosecutor realizes the case is not nearly as strong as he or she initially thought? At what point does a private attorney's duty to zealously advocate on behalf of the victim lead to an ethical conflict with a prosecutor's duty to fairly and objectively evaluate the strength or weakness of the case and act accordingly? Which raises another important question (discussed in some detail here) about whether using a prosecutor who has a personal stake in the outcome of the case might violate the defendant's due process right to a fair and impartial trial.
But assuming the practice is Constitutionally permissible in North Carolina, is the involvement of a private prosecutor likely to be beneficial for the state? As long as the private attorney is capable and experienced, one could argue that overburdened prosecutors with heavy caseloads should welcome the help with open arms. Maybe so, but I see at least a couple problems with that view. First, the prosecutor still has to remain "in charge" of the case, so it doesn't entirely free him or her to go handle other matters. Second, the private attorney and the prosecutor might have incompatible goals and priorities in the case. For example, the private attorney's main objective might be locking in future civil liability with a guilty plea to a reduced charge, while the prosecutor believes that going to trial on the more serious charge is a necessary risk to ensure an appropriate level of punishment upon conviction. The prosecutor would have the final say, of course, but navigating those kinds of internal disagreements could nevertheless be an unwelcome distraction in the case.
When I worked as a prosecutor, our normal practice in these types of cases was to keep the civil attorney updated and informed about the overall progress of the criminal case, but we would generally hold off on any other private involvement until the prosecution was fully concluded. I think most civil attorneys probably prefer that option as well, but if others have had a different experience I would be very interested to hear about it in the comments.
Category: Procedure | Tags: Jonathan Holbrook, private prosecutor, procedure, trial manual


text:
Lost and found (from left): The Malayan tiger whose numbers are down to between 250 and 340 in the wild; Plectostoma sciaphilum - the Malaysian micro snail that was declared extinct in 2014 and made news headlines around the world; and a newly-discovered species of frog, Hylarana centropeninsularis.
Going, going, gone: Malaysia's wildlife loses battle against extinction
December 22, 2014 Living
By Jerome Kugan
From 'microjewel' snails to the magnificent Tok Belang, the past year marks another sad chapter in the tale of our country's vanishing biodiversity. (This report has been updated with corrections – Editor)
Among the many subplots of humanity's great symphonic rise to power and domination here on Earth is the pathetic wheeze that represents the depletion of the planet's biodiversity. While extinction of species is more or less expected in the grand narrative of evolution, there's something truly disturbing about the natural world's recent decline.
As revealed in Elizabeth Kolbert's latest book, The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, humanity has become the biggest driver of what some scientists are calling the biggest mass extinction since the dinosaurs were wiped out by an asteroid. It's the first time in Earth's history that a single organism has managed to overwhelm the ecology to such a degree that we're not just making it hostile to other creatures but also ourselves.
'Microjewels'
This mass extinction was brought close to home when the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List – a list that tracks threatened species across the planet – was updated this year. In its evaluation of 76,199 species, which represents only about 4% of 1.8 million species known to science, it's deemed that 2,413 are under threat. Meanwhile, 28 were added to the list of extinct species.
Sadly, a tiny, rare snail named Plectostoma sciaphilum that was endemic to Malaysia was among the 28.
Part of a family of snails that scientists have called "microjewels" for their delicately formed shells and minute size, Plectosoma sciaphilum used to live on the side of Bukit Pancing, a 300m limestone hill in Pahang. The snail apparently found its ecological niche on the hill, living and evolving there in relative isolation for millennia.
Gone forevermore: Above, a photo of Plectostoma sciaphilum, a tiny snail that lived on Bukit Pancing, Pahang, and nowhere else. Below, two Google Maps' satellite images of Bukit Pancing taken in 2003 and 2014 – it is now a lake. When Bukit Pancing was quarried, Plectostoma sciaphilum disappeared with it. – Liew Thor-Seng
Then, between 2003 and 2007, excavators levelled the entire hill. Since the snail can be found nowhere else but on Bukit Pancing – the hill is now a lake – it's assumed that, like the dodo and the West African black rhino, Plectostoma sciaphilum is gone forever.
The fight is now on to save fellow snail Charopa lafargei, which can be found only on Gunung Kanthan in Perak, currently being quarried by Lafarge. Despite pleas from environmental groups to save the limestone hill – it's also home to a trapdoor spider, Liphistius kanthan, also found nowhere else – half of it is already gone.
The snails' plight brings up an important point about our knowledge of species under threat. Most of the time we don't even know that they're there. A lot of animals look alike at first glance, but DNA testing reveals them to be distinct species or sub-species unique to a specific area. And they're also not easy to count.
Can we save these two critters? Gunung Kanthan, a limestone hill in Perak currently being quarried by Lafarge, is home to Charopa lafargei (above) and Liphistius kanthan (below). These two species are completely endemic to Gunung Kanthan. Once the hill goes, photos will be all that's left of them. – Liew-Thor Seng & Liz Price, cavingnews.com
The Star Online articles "A Malaysian snail goes extinct; over 22,000 other species on the brink" and "Going, going, gone: Malaysia's wildlife loses battle against extinction" (published on Nov 22 and Dec 22, respectively) reported on the extinction of a microsnail because of quarrying of Bukit Panching in Pahang. YTL Cement Bhd has clarified that Bukit Panching was not quarried by it, as reported in the original articles. We apologise for the error.
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Bukit Pancing
extinct species
Gunung Kanthan
IUCN
kancil
lesser mouse deer
Malayan Tiger
micro snail
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text:
Slaves and Highlanders
Cromarty Courthouse Trust, 2007
An exhibition developed by Cromarty Courthouse Museum in the Scottish Highlands recording the role of Highland Scots in the slave trade and slave plantations of the Caribbean and South America and, in particular, British Guiana. The striking illustrations were by John McNaught. The exhibition told individual stories of Scottish merchants, plantation owners and their slaves, such as a slave called Inverness, bought, sold, exploited and hunted as a runaway by Scots in Demerara. It also looked at the freed slaves who found a place in Scottish society. Connected to this project was the placing of a plaque in the former Royal Northern Infirmary (now the executive office of the University of the Highlands and Islands). It remains one of the few acknowledgements of the use of profits from the slave plantations to fund charitable public institutions, and the only known one in Gaelic.
Cromarty Courthouse Trust
Funding Body
Heritage Lottery Fund
Cromarty,
Cromarty Courthouse Museum,
John McNaught
Baillie family, Black British history, Black servants in Britain, British Guiana, Capitalism, Caribbean, Demerara, grave, legacy, merchants, plantation, plantation owners, plantations in the Caribbean, runaway slaves, Scotland, Scottish Highlands, slave owners, slave traders, slaves, slaves in Britain, wealth
In 1807 Britain legally abolished the slave trade, although it continued to participate in and profit from the institution of slavery. In 2007 the British government committed public funds to mark the bicentenary of the Slave Trade Act. The Remembering 1807 project has collected and archived material relating to the many events and activities that took place during 2007. These records help us to locate and understand the place of slavery, the slave trade and its abolition in the UK's public history, commemorative traditions and popular memory. Background to the collection...
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