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The Kupelian Conundrum
WorldNetDaily's managing editor portrays himself as a journalist who hates it when others lie, but he's clearly too consumed by his far-right agenda to honestly write about anything.
WorldNetDaily managing editor David Kupelian began a July 29 WND column by declaring, "I thought I knew a lot about lying."
Why, yes, he does. Kupelian hates President Obama so much, there is basically no lie or smear he will not publish about the president (as ConWebWatch has documented).
But Kupelian has a history of misleading and lying about a variety of subjects, not just Obama, and not just in his books, which purport to decry how "evil" is being marketed while turning a blind eye to his own sinful deceptions.
Let's take a look at some recent examples of Kupelian's dishonesty and falsehoods.
Kupelian endorses crime
Consistent with WND's anti-gay agenda, Kupelian endorses crimes when they are committed to harm the rights of homosexuals.
In August 2012, Kupelian endorsed the criminal behavior of Lisa Miller, who illegally fled the country with her daughter Isabella -- that is, kidnapped her -- to evade court orders allowing Miller's lesbian ex-partner, Janet Jenkins, visitation rights. Miller became a Christian, decided she was no longer a lesbian, which earned her representation in her custody lawsuit by the right-wing Liberty Counsel, affiliated with Liberty University. An FBI affidavit stated that Miller was living at the time in a house in Nicaragua owned by the father of a Liberty University School of Law administrative assistant, and the law school teaches its students how to engage in civil disobedience in situations such as the Miller case.
Kupelian cited reports from LifeSite News -- an anti-abortion website known for its biased reporting -- claiming that "clinical therapist Sylvia Haydash in her affidavit testified as to Isabella's 'extremely regressive behaviors' after visiting with Jenkins." Kupelian failed to mention that Haydash was acting under Miller's direction, making her testimony suspect.
Kupelian failed to mention the fact that the Liberty law school assistant's father owned the house in Nicaragua where Miller was reportedly staying. He did acknowledge the lawsuit's statement of how the law school teaches civil disobedience, but only as a prelude to letting Liberty Counsel chief Mathew Staver deny the lawsuit's allegations.
Kupelian concluded: "God bless Lisa and Isabella, wherever they may be – and God bless all those who have helped them."
In a March 4 WND article, Kupelian rather laughably played "reporter" regarding the sentencing of a pastor involved in illegally spiriting Miller out of the country. Kupelian didn't even bother telling the other side of the case, like how judges apparently found no merit whatsoever in the smears Miller launched against Jenkins.
Having expressed such a strong opinion on the case, Kupelian had no business whatsoever "reporting" on it. But such violations of journalistic ethics are routine at WND.
Bogus homosexuality-pedophilia link
Also in keeping with WND's anti-gay agenda, Kupelian wrote a Jan. 29 column denouncing the Boy Scouts for considering allowing gays to take part:
Now the big question in all this, of course, is the following: With these sex-abuse cases within the Boy Scouting organization, just as those within the Catholic Church, are we dealing with actual "pedophiles" or with predatory homosexuals?
Virtually all defenders of the gay agenda will angrily denounce the mere suggestion that homosexuals could be victimizers here, or that the two groups could even overlap.
Contrary to the media myth that the Catholic Church's problems are primarily with "pedophile priests" – terminology which safely absolves homosexuals from suspicion – the major portion of the church's sexual-abuse problem has been the infiltration of its seminaries by homosexuals. In fact, widespread cases of predatory homosexual priests created a full-blown crisis for the church.
"The real problem the Catholic Church faces," explains Father Donald B. Cozzens, author of "The Changing Face of the Priesthood," is the "disproportionate number of gay men that populate our seminaries."
That's not true. Margaret Smith, a John Jay College criminologist who worked on a 2004 study of sexual abuse in the Catholic Church, says it's an oversimplification to blame child sexual abuse on gays. While most of the abusive acts were homosexual in nature, "participation in homosexual acts is not the same as sexual identity as a gay man." Further, analysis of research shows that gay or bisexual men are not more likely than heterosexual men to molest children.
Still, Kupelian insisted on pushing the unfounded link by parsing the definition of a pedophile:
"Pedophilia" is, by definition, sexual contact with a pre-pubescent child. Most of the boys molested by "pedophile priests" have been pubescent teens. Likewise, in the scout world, although we can comfortably indulge the fantasy that there is a wide gulf between the land of homosexuals and the land of same-sex pedophiles, this does not comport with the known facts. (If you want, you can read Scientific American's explanation here – but bottom line, many of these sex-abuse cases, whether in Scouts or in church, do not involve actual pedophiles.)
Well, no. A 2011 John Jay report reiterated its earlier findings that "the vast majority of clergy sex offenders are not pedophiles at all but were situational generalists violating whoever they had access to," and that "there is no causative relationship between either celibacy or homosexuality and the sexual victimization of children in the Church."
Psychiatric drug freakout
The Masters of WorldNetDaily
The Evil of Marketing, Part 2
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Nobody Believes WorldNetDaily
How Obama-Hate Destroyed WorldNetDaily
David Kupelian's War On Obama
Kupelian's key argument against antidepressants and other psychiatric drugs is the case of Andrea Yates, who drowned her five children, blaming the antidepressant Effexor for it. But Kupelian is careful not to mention the influence of a fundamentalist Christian preacher to which Yates and her husband were in thrall, who preached austerity (the Yates family lived in a bus the preacher had sold them) and taught that it was better to kill oneself than to mislead a child in the way of Jesus. It's arguable that that the life Yates was living compounded the stress on her mental state, but Kupelian is silent about it.
In the wake of the Sandy Hook school massacre -- and despite the fact that it has yet to be reliably confirmed what psychiatric drugs, if any, Adam Lanza had been taking prior to committing it -- Kupelian devoted an entire Jan. 7 column to speculating that psychiatric drugs were to blame and that "it is simply indisputable that most perpetrators of school shootings and similar mass murders in our modern era were either on – or just recently coming off of – psychiatric medications." Kupelian again referenced the Andrea Yates case (while, of course, keeping silent about the fundamentalist preacher's influence), then went on to suggest a conspiracy of silence:
When on earth are we going to find out if the perpetrator of the Sandy Hook school massacre, like so many other mass shooters, had been taking psychiatric drugs?
In the end, it may well turn out that knowing what kinds of guns he used isn't nearly as important as what kind of drugs he used.
That is, assuming we ever find out.
One question Kupelian doesn't ask: Will that occur before or after Kupelian tells his readers about the fundamentalist preacher's influence on Andrea Yates?
Defending a politician friend with plagiarism
If Kupelian's Sept. 9 article defending Oregon Republican congressional candidate Art Robinson looked a little familiar, that's because it was -- Kupelian wrote pretty much the same column two years ago. Literally.
Of the 35 paragraphs in Kupelian's column, 23 are substantially or exactly the same as a Robinson-defending column he wrote in October 2010, when Robinson was also running in a House race against the same opponent, incumbent Democrat Peter DeFazio.
Which means that Kupelian was repeating the same tired, dubious defenses of Robinson, who has also created a homeschooling curriculum known as "The Robinson Curriculum." Kupelian writes sycophantically of this: "Talk about the American can-do spirit!" He continues:
One part of "The Robinson Curriculum" is a recommendation that students read as many as possible of the 99 short, classic historical novels for children penned by celebrated British author G.A. Henty (kind of like the "Hardy Boys" books). Now it happens that in one of these 99 Victorian-era books – all of which Robinson personally reprinted on his own printing press and offered to the public as an adjunct to his homeschooling curriculum – one fictional character makes a two-sentence remark while in Africa that could be considered racially insensitive by today's standards. Because of this, candidate Art Robinson is being labeled a racist.
Yes, I know, it's insane.
To create that bit of alleged insanity, though, Kupelian massages the facts.
The book in question is Henty's "By Sheer Pluck," and here's the offending passage, in which Mr. Goodenough, the mentor of the young lad who's the main character, pontificates upon their arrival in Africa, goes on a bit longer than the "two sentences" Kupelian claims, and is a bit more than "racially insensitive":
"They are just like children," Mr. Goodenough said. "They are always either laughing or quarrelling. They are good-natured and passionate, indolent, but will work hard for a time; clever up to a certain point, densely stupid beyond. The intelligence of an average negro is about equal to that of a European child of ten years old. A few, a very few, go beyond this, but these are exceptions, just as Shakespeare was an exception to the ordinary intellect of an Englishman. They are fluent talkers, but their ideas are borrowed. They are absolutely without originality, absolutely without inventive power. Living among white men, their imitative faculties enable them to acquire a considerable amount of civilization. Left alone to their own devices they retrograde into a state little above their native savagery."
A PBS bio of Henty noted that his books "are notable for their hearty imperialism, undisguised racism, and jingoistic patriotism," indicating that they they went out of print for a reason: such attitudes fell out of fashion decades ago. And far from being "classic historical novels," a scholarly paper on Henty's work noted that they contain a "formulaic structure" and imparted "a discourse embodying the British imperial ideology."
The real question here is what Robinson does with Henty's books in his homeschool curriculum, particularly given that, in Kupelian's words, he encourages students to "read as many as possible." What guidance is given to homeschooling instructors in addressing the offending passage in "By Sheer Pluck" and other similar offending passages that presumably exist in other Henty books? Kupelian is silent on this, as he was in 2010 -- which suggests that it isn't addressed at all.
Kupelian also recycled his promotion of Robinson's supposed scientific credentials by touting how he has rejected science:
Robinson has single-handedly documented the utter lack of unanimity in the scientific community on manmade global warming through a petition he started – not an online petition, mind you, but an actual document physically signed – that to date has been signed by more than 31,000 scientists, including more than 9,000 Ph.D.s. All 31,000 agree "there is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate."
In fact, only a handful of signers -- less than 1 percent, according to one calculation -- have a scientific background in climatology, and there's no apparent verification mechanism to ensure that the signatories do in fact have the scientific qualifications they claim. Further, there have been more than 10.6 million science graduates as defined by Robinson's group since the 1970-71 school year, making the 31,000 on the petition a tiny fraction of that -- 0.3 percent, to be exact -- small enough that one could call it "fringe."
Kupelian concluded his column (both of 'em) by begging for donations to Robinson's campaign. But Robinson really didn't need the money -- at the time of the 2012 column, he was outraising DeFazio, with a whopping 79 percent of his contributions coming from out-of-state.
Plus, Robinson had a super PAC sugar daddy he could rely on. In the 2010 election, Robinson was the beneficiary of $627,500 in advertising paid for by a New York hedge fund manager, and he dropped another $439,000 in ads for Robinson in 2012. Yet, despite outspending his opponent in a 2010 election cycle that favored Republicans, Robinson lost to DeFazio by nine points.
Kupelian mentioned none of this, of course; instead, he asserted that "Art Robinson stands an excellent chance of winning" without explaining why the outcome could possibly be any different than 2010. (You know, like his column.) In fact, Robinson ended up losing to DeFazio by 20 percentage points.


The orthodontic form of the Mamajoo Soother is designed in order to not to harm the natural development of babies gums and teeth while wide air holes on both sides of the soother shield is designed to prevent saliva build up and irritation of sensitive baby skin providing greater air flow.
Mamajoo Soother Storage Box is the ideal solution to storage soothers hygenically when not in use. It can be used practically both at home and on travel. Mamajoo Soother Storage Box can be sterilized by boiling or using one of Mamajoo sterilizers.
Provides securely attaching the soother on baby clothes and prevents it from falling to the ground or thrown to the ground by baby. Thus both allow effortless usage and keeping the soother hygienic.


I've seen everything from mobies to triunes to flashers to drillbits, and they don't look like this.
None of you are in shape to tunnel through foliage, and if you got to the top you'd stand out like so many mobies in a stewpot.
None of you are in shape to tunnel through foliage, and if you got to the top you'd stand out like so many mobies in a stewpot.


The United States Treasury Department issued new sanctions against nine Iranian individuals on Wednesday while also indicting a former American air force officer for spying and helping Tehran, according to its official press release.
The department accused the sanctioned individuals of spying while most of them are also said to have been involved with the organization called New Horizon, known for its open criticism of the US and Israeli foreign policies.
"Treasury is taking action against malicious Iranian cyber actors and covert operations that have targeted Americans at home and overseas as part of our ongoing efforts to counter the Iranian regime's cyber attacks," said Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin in the release. He added: "Treasury is sanctioning New Horizon Organization for its support to the IRGC-QF. New Horizon hosts international conferences that have provided Iranian intelligence officers a platform to recruit and collect damaging information from attendees, while propagating anti-Semitism and Holocaust denial."


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Camacho Collects BSC Freshman of the Week Honor
April 17, 2017 Lynchburg, Va. RSS
Camacho is 8-0 in Big South singles action, this spring.
Liberty freshman women's tennis player Eugenia Camacho has been awarded Big South Conference Women's Tennis Freshman of the Week, as announced Monday by the league office.
Camacho posted a 2-0 mark in singles competition and also won a doubles match, last week. Last Tuesday at Campbell, she defeated the Camels' Pauline Roustan in straight sets (6-2, 6-1), helping the Lady Flames to a 4-3 victory at Campbell.
On Friday against Big South unbeaten Charleston Southern, the San Jose, Costa Rica, native played No. 1 doubles for the first time in her career, teaming up with Rebekah Anderson for a 6-3 triumph over the Bucs' No. 1 unit of Sophie Cloessner and Nicole Luecke. The Liberty duo's victory clinched the doubles point for the Lady Flames, providing a 1-0 advantage.
Later in the afternoon, Camacho erased a one-set deficit to defeat CSU's Yana Morar, 5-7, 6-3, 7-5. Camacho's triumph sealed the match for Liberty and handed Charleston Southern its first Big South loss. The Lady Flames' 4-3 victory also snapped the Bucs' 14-match winning streak dating back to Feb. 11.
Camacho's victory boosted her Big South singles mark to 8-0, this spring. She has only dropped two sets total in those eight matches.
Camacho and the No. 3 seed Lady Flames (11-11) will open postseason play at the 2017 Big South Women's Tennis Championship against No. 6 seed Campbell (8-12), Friday at noon at the Wake Forest Tennis Complex in Winston-Salem, N.C.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Goodman DCC Boxes -
Posted: Tue Dec 02, 2008 10:59 pm
Which will be the most collectible DCC boxed set in 2009 and beyond? Which will be the most valuable, in absolute value and percentage over cover price? Hardetst to find? How about the "best", whatever that may mean?
30 - Vault of the Dragon Kings
35 - Gazetteer of the Known Realms
51 - Castle Whiterock
Saga of the Dragon Cult
TheMilford
Posted: Wed Dec 03, 2008 12:29 am
What about Heroes Arise?
The Gazetteer seems hardest to find now.
I would imagine DCC35 will become the hardest to obtain in collectible shape. Especially in shrink-wrap.
Those who can, don't. Those who should not, do.
Kingofpain89
Location: Garland, TX
Posted: Wed Dec 03, 2008 1:56 am
The DCC 30 box set is larger than the other box sets. Because of the size and weight of the box the shrink is almost always damaged. And they produced less of them than the other box sets. Most of these were probably purchased more for the miniatures than anything else, so I would also expect less than complete sets available in the future.
Seems to me that DCC 30 should end up being the most collectible even though it has less to offer than DCC 35 and 51. DCC 35 will probably end up being the most valuable though. It is still one of the better role-playing supplements I have in my collection.
You don't like your job, you don't strike. You go in every day and do it really half-assed. That's the American way. - Homer Simpson
Just my experience/opinion...
DCC#30 is currently the hardest to find, and in mint condition will probably remain the hardest to find. That said, DCC#30 is not the best adventure in the world, and the presence of the module on it's own will limit the boxed set to collectors only.
DCC#35 is the sort of boxed set no-one bought when it was published. It never had a hay day or a flourish of excitement to buy it when it was launched, and I doubt there are many people sitting on boxes of these for investment purposes, so this is a strong contender for the top slot, especially in mint condition. Also, as a staple background for the campaign world, it will probably still sell well in VG condition to those who want playable copies. Watch out for the modules working their way out onto the market on their own a la L3, which is always an indicator of a higher than retail base price on eBay. I expect this to be a good performer.
DCC#51 Other than the fact that it is completely shite, there will always be the die hard GG Campaign Geeks who'll run it anyways, and the newbies who don't know the difference between good and bad writing, so if you bought a copy at half price, you should still get your money back if you sell it in five years. The quality is more akin to World's Largest Dungeon than anything of substance, and it's flaws are pretty well known by the industry. Even with the big sell off and it's impending rarity, people are still having problems shifting their stock. That does not bode well for this as a future investment. If you want to read it or play it, or ypou're a completist, buy a copy. Otherwise, stear clear.
Posted: Thu Dec 04, 2008 10:28 am
mbassoc2003 wrote: Just my experience/opinion...
Back from the dead here for a visit.
Ive started reading through DCC#51 so I cant comment on the boxed set as a whole just yet, but so far I like it. The first book is very helpful, provides an overall structure and review of the entire mega adventure. It reminds me in many ways of Sargents almost-Greyhawk set (which im drawing a blank on at the moment). The first two levels are pretty good but dont provide enough eps in my old school 1st ed style to really push players to 2nd level. It needs side adventures and some expansion. I think it needs to be beefed up a little but that is easily done, especially with all the other DCC material out there. But since I havent delved deeper than the 3rd dungeon level I cant say what the rest of the set will be like.
My feeling is that DCC#51 is going to be one of the futures collecting gems. And if anyone has a box that isnt concave then they have a real collectable as almost every copy i have heard about or seen has a slightly bent in lid.
Id say as far as DCC boxed sets go the top of the pile will be DCC#30, then a toss up between #35 and #51. #35 will probably remain the more sought after and harder to find for a good while but it is a campaign setting. DCC#51 as a mega-dungeon and a boxed set sizable enough to kill small rodents and stun intruders will, I believe, become legendary.
Out of the two other boxed sets mentioned, one has a small booklet of original material, the other does not. The one with the original material should command the higher price.
Once again I have to say that DCC#51 seems to me to be a good if not possibly excellent set as far as the adventure goes.


Android Apps to Manage Your Social Networks. Android is the mobile operating system developed by Google. It offers every day a lot of new applications on the Market Store. The social networks including Twitter, Facebook, Myspace and much more have become popular among mobile users. I have compiled list of Best Social Networking apps for Android.
Facebook for Android makes it easy to stay connected and share information with friends. You can share status updates from your home screen, check out your news feed, look at your friends' walls and user info.
Touiteur is a beautiful, highly customizable Twitter client, which will change the way you feel about Twitter.
If you love MySpace, you're really going to love MySpace Mobile for Android. Simply download the free application to stay connected with your friends, share photos, and check out the tour schedules of your favorite bands anytime, anyplace.
TweetDeck is your mobile browser for staying in touch with what's happening on Twitter, Facebook, Foursquare and Buzz. TweetDeck makes it easy to stay up to date and organized no matter where you are.
FBabble lets you stay in touch with your friends on Facebook wherever you go! Features include real-time chat, uploading photos, changing current status and even automatic tweets to your Twitter account.
Hootsuite, one of the best Twitter clients is available on Android. Its the best twitter client to schedule tweets, manage your followers and use multiple accounts.
You can easily manage your blogger blog using this cool android application.
Chat and send voice messages to all your friends from one contact list – Palringo works with all the popular IM services. Plus you'll never miss another chat message with instant notifications on Android. Palringo allows you to chat to your friends on MSN, AIM, iChat, ICQ, Yahoo!, Jabber, Gtalk, Gadu-Gadu and Facebook.
Foursquare helps you find new ways to explore your city. See where your friends are, learn about the places they frequent and unlock rewards as you travel.
I hope you enjoyed above compilation of best android apps. And you, what application do you use? You can also suggest an application from comments too.


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"Buy America" means "build export capacity" for Canadians
Jan 20, 2017 Opinion
From the Archives: Farm Credit Canada leaves capital to settle on Prairies
Exciting opportunities seen in agriculture's crystal ball
Prime minister prepares for Trump reign with new faces, portfolios
Shows, meetings, events abound
In his inauguration speech Friday, Donald Trump didn't tone down the anti-trade rhetoric. | Screencap via cbc.ca
In his inauguration speech Friday, Donald Trump didn't tone down the anti-trade rhetoric.
"From this day forward, it's going to be only America first, America first," he said.
"Every decision on trade, on taxes, on immigration, on foreign affairs will be made to benefit American workers and American families . . . Protection will lead to great prosperity and wealth . . . We will follow two simple rules: buy American and hire American."
Those lines should send shivers down the spines of every Canadian farmer, because they seem to signal an utter abandonment of the notion of free trade and openness to trade that has underlain decades of Canada-U.S. trade. We have built 95 percent of our Western Canadian industry around the idea that Canada-U.S. trade would occur without harassment or manipulation. Enormous amounts of money have been invested on U.S.-focused production and transportation.
Trump's sentiments are nothing new for him. It's the same stuff he's been saying for a couple of years. But to restate them as forcefully as he did in his inauguration speech shows he's not backing away from an anti-trade agenda that many hoped he would leave behind as so much campaign hot air once he had both the nuclear codes and ability to break U.S. treaties and agreements.
Trump has said nothing specific about Canada-U.S. trade. His ire is mostly directed towards Mexico and China. But we are fools if we think cynical U.S. congressmen and interest groups won't exploit his sentiments to harass or block Canadian exports of crops, livestock, meat and foods. There is new life for the disgraced concept of Country of Origin Labelling. The unthinkable concept of a border tax is now a real possibility. The Canadian limb of the integrated North American farm and food system might be on the verge of being amputated.
Canadian farmers and agriculture are far too dependant on the U.S. market. For some, like southern Manitoba's weanling hog producers, feeder barns in the U.S. are just part of an integrated industry. For others, such as oat growers, the U.S. is the buyer for their finished product. For food producers, the U.S. wants and pays well for premium products.
Canada is one of the world's highest quality and most successful offshore exporters, but because the U.S. is right next door and its consumers are willing to pay for quality, our exports are skewed to our southern neighbour. Why look farther?
That's got to stop, somehow. The British are able to consider Brexit because less than half their exports go to the European Union. We have no such luxury. We also, probably, have no choice over whether to remain reliant on the U.S. or instead focus on the global market. Trump might force us to look outwards rather more abruptly than we would like, and as a defensive measure rather than as a positive development.
Canada's agriculture and food industries have done this for years already. Canada Pork International and the Canadian Beef Export Federation were both formed to reduce Canada's reliance on the U.S. market and hedge our exposure to that market's gyrations and politics. The Canadian Wheat Board did that for generations, its work now taken over by Canada's global grain companies. The canola industry has been Asia-oriented from almost the birth of the crop.
But our offshore export capacities are still woefully inadequate when dealing with the possibility of a completely shut U.S. border. Even in our crops, livestock and meat that aren't reliant on U.S. sales, suddenly losing that market could glut domestic supplies and cause logistical logjams on the West Coast. Just three days ago at Manitoba Ag Days in Brandon, German analyst Thomas Mielke was chiding Canada's farm and food industry for allowing the country to have a lack of canola oil and meal exporting facilities on the West Coast.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has been wise to describe pipelines as being infrastructure of national and nation-building importance and it looks like he's willing to incur the wrath of some environmentalists and indigenous activists in order to get at least one major pipeline built.
Our country needs to treat export grain and meat infrastructure the same way. If Trump or some tricksy U.S. congressman finds a way to slam the door shut on some element of our farm exports, we need to be able to rail or fly out the disrupted exports to other markets.
So to Mr. Trump on his Inauguration Day: Best wishes and good luck!
And to those of us in Canada, hunker down and get ready for war.
Opinion, Blog
China shows that you can't count on China - ever
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China: Dangerous Assumptions
Getting it wrong on China, Canada and trade
China's making enemies across Canada's political spectrum


Great addition to the Recoil game. No assembly required, you just hook it up to your existing Recoil Wi-Fi router & to your phone. The feel and weight of the rifle is nice. The kickback on this rifle is pretty sweet too.
Great addition to the recoil game play!!!
Great design, light weight and realistic feel. The riffle can hit a target from very long range and you get a little more ammo than the hand gun. I bought 3 in addition to my starter kit!!
Must buy for the set.
Don't be out gunned. Be sure to get the bigger, badder gun.


Ferratum is an international company with branches in many countries in Europe. One of their main aims is to become a leading mobile bank. For this purpose services fast loans and payday loans are completely online. Their central office is in Liverpool and their working time is from Monday to Saturday. You can contact with the Ferratum team by phone, by post or via email. The company is ready to provide assistance to customers experiencing difficulties in payment.
APR 1270% if borrowing £400 for 4 months.
Interest: £265.48. Interest rate: 292% p.a. (fixed).
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Maximum representative APR: 1604% if full loan repaid after 7 days.


John William Snow is popularly known as John W Snow. He was born on August 2nd, 1939 in Toledo, Ohio. Snow has worked as the CSX Corporation's former CEO. While the United States president George W. Bush was in power, he served as the 73rd Secretary of the Treasury.
John William Snow was born on August 2nd, in 1939. He was born to William Dean Snow, his father, and Catherine, his mother. Catherine worked as a school teacher. On the other hand, his father was a tax attorney. Snow went for his high school education at the Gilmour Academy which is situated in Gates Mills in Ohio. Soon, he went to Kenyon College before later enrolling with the University of Toledo where he graduated. With time, he went for his doctorate in Economics at the University of Michigan. After this, he spent almost three years teaching at the University of Maryland from 1965 and left in 1968. He also acquired Doctor of Jurisprudence from George Washington University Law School the previous year.
During the early 70s, John W Snow taught in the universities, but this did not disqualify him from being actively involved in other government jobs. For instance, he worked for the Department of Transportation as the Assistant General Counsel. Later on, in 1975, he officially resigned from his former teaching position at the George Washington University Law School. He went on to work in another post but under the Department of Transportation. Here he worked as the Deputy Undersecretary. In 1976 he was appointed to serve as the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's administrator. When Jimmy Carter took over as the 39th president of the USA, Snow abandoned his government posts and resumed teaching. He went on to teach American Enterprise Institute and the University of Virginia.
In 1977, he went on to work with Chessie System, Inc. where his experience in the transportation department proved to be of great value. He had been appointed as the V.P. that would take charge of government affairs for the organization which possessed 3 American railroads.
Three years down the line, Seaboard Coast Line Industries colluded with Chessie System, Inc. and formed CSX Corporation. As a result of this merger, Snow immediately served the post of the company's Senior V.P.-Corporate Services. In 1985, he was appointed its CEO. The company later merged with C&O Railway which made Snow the new president and the CEO at the same time. Snow worked with CSX Corporation until his choosing to serve as the 73rd Secretary of the Treasury. He was called to serve in 2003 by the former president George W. Bush.
John W Snow lives with his wife named Carolyn. The pair has three children and that they are also grandparents to six children.


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Your Special To Me Because Quotes
Enjoy reading and share 30 famous quotes about Your Special To Me Because with everyone.
"The little fishing boat anchors right off the shore of Gili Meno. There are no docks here on this island. You have to roll up your pants, jump off the boat and wade in through the surf on your own power. Theres absolutely no way to do this without getting soaking wet or even banged up on the coral, but its worth all the trouble because the beach here is so beautiful, so special"
— Elizabeth Gilbert —
"There are things you do when you are a teenager, or a dancer, or just a girl, I guess. You cut your food up in special ways, or you cut yourself, or paper dolls. You pretend that there is an invisible audience watching you all the time, and you do things to impress them or pretend that they didn't see what you just did because their live video feed was interrupted somehow. You steal things or tell lies or speak to strangers in a Russian accent. You have sex with someone you love, or with someone who gets you really drunk. You lie to your parents, your boyfriend, yourself, your therapist. You cheat on your homework or do other people's homework for money. You get up, you take class, you rehearse, you perform, you go to bed. How do you decide which of these things are truly crazy and which are just being alive?"
— Meg Howrey
"Sometimes your dream is so special that ... you can't kill it. You can't die even if you try. Life will find a way to fulfill it, and a way to keep you alive. Because the Earth needs dreamers to survive."
— Haidji
"No matter what age you are, or what your circumstances might be, you are special, and you still have something unique to offer. Your life, because of who you are, has meaning."
— Barbara De Angelis
"It was the most fleeting time of day, and maybe that was why it was her favorite. Because if you blinked, if you closed your eyes or turned your head for even the briefest of moments, you might just miss it. And like most things in life, the transient, fleeting nature of the moment made it all the more special."
— Kelseyleigh Reber
"I see no particular merit in the fact that I was an artist at the age of eleven. I was born with an ability, with music in me, that is all. No special credit was due me. The only credit we can claim is for the use we make of the talent we are given. That is why I urge young musicians: "Don't be vain because you happen to have talent. You are not responsible for that; it was not of your doing. What you do with your talent is what matters. You must cherish this gift. Do not demean or waste what you have been given. Work - work constantly and nourish it."
Of course the gift to be cherished most of all is that of life itself. One's work should be a salute to life."
— Pablo Casals
"I'm sure that if woman laid out the rules- requirements- early on, and let her intended know that he could either rise up to those requirements, or just move on. A directive like that signals to a man that you are not a plaything-someone to be used and discarded. It tells him that what you have- your benefits- are special, and that you need time to get to know him and his ways to decide if he DESERVES them.
The man who is willing to put in the time and meet the requirments is the one you want to stick around, because tthat guy is making a conscious decision that he, too, has no interest in playing games and will do what it takes to not only stay on the job, but also get promoted and be the proud beneficiary of your benefits. And you, in the meantime, win the ultimate prize of maintaing your dignity and self-esteem, and earning the respect of the man who recognized that you were worth the wait."
— Steve Harvey
"Don't cry for the lose of friendship because your lose does not matter to that person who left you, They make fun of your special tears, So never let other make you feel low, Because it gives you the pain not to them."
— Debolina Bhawal
"You know what it's like. Sometimes, you meet a wonderful person, but it's only for a brief instant. Maybe on vacation or on a train or maybe even in a bus line. And they touch your life for a moment, but in a special way. And instead of mourning because they can't be with you for longer, or because you don't get the chance to know them better, isn't it better to be glad that you met them at all?"
— Marian Keyes
"For Schwartz this formed the paradox at the heart of baseball, or football, or any other sport. You loved it because you considered it an art: an apparently pointless affair, undertaken by people with special aptitude, which sidestepped attempts to paraphrase its value yet somehow seemed to communicate something true or even crucial about The Human Condition. The Human Condition being, basically, that we're alive and have access to beauty, can even erratically create it, but will someday be dead and will not.
Baseball was an art, but to excel at it you had to become a machine. It didn't matter how beautifully you performed SOMETIMES, what you did on your best day, how many spectacular plays you made. You weren't a painter or a writer
you didn't work in private and discard your mistakes, and it wasn't just your masterpieces that counted."
— Chad Harbach
"Have to be honest with you Darquesse, I cannot feel that. That must be one of your special abilities, because to me, it looks like you just killed a whole bunch of people for no reason."
"Oh," said Darquesse. "That's so sad"
— Derek Landy
"If you really love someone. You wouldn't hide them. You would be proud to let the whole world know that you have feelings for that special someone. If I got asked who do I love. I would straight up say the name. Just imagine how special that person would feel to know that you aren't afraid or embarrassed to let everyone know that person means a lot to you. However, sometimes its understandable especially when you have your friends or family against it. Which to me shouldn't matter because it's your life and we only live once. Even if it doesn't work out, we grow from our own experiences, right?"
— Jonathan Anthony Burkett
"Remember that what you have is unique because it's your own special way of looking at the world."
— Louise Brown
"This is very American, too - the insecurity about whether we have earned our happiness. Planet Advertising in America orbits completely around the need to convince the uncertain consumer that yes, you have actually warranted a special treat. This Bud's for You! You Deserve a Break Today! Because You're Worth It! You've Come a Long Way, Baby! And the insecure consumer thinks, Yeah! Thanks! I AM gonna go buy a six-pack, damn it! Maybe even two six-packs! And then comes the reactionary binge. Followed by the remorse. Such advertising campaigns would probably not be as effective in the Italian culture, where people already know that they are entitled enjoyment in this life. The reply in Italy to "You Deserve a Break Today" would probably be, Yeah, no duh. That's why I'm planning on taking a break at noon, to go over to you house and sleep with your wife."
"But swan, float lightly because you are a swan, because by the exquisite curve of your neck the gods gave you some special favor, and even though you fracture it running against some man-made bridge, it healed and you sailed onward.
F. Scott Fitzgerald to his wife Zelda."
— F. Scott Fitzgerald
"The little fishing boat anchors right off the shore of Gili Meno. There are no docks here on this island. You have to roll up your pants, jump off the boat and wade in through the surf on your own power. There's absolutely no way to do this without getting soaking wet or even banged up on the coral, but it's worth all the trouble because the beach here is so beautiful, so special"
"Be confident because the odds are in your favor.' He clears his throat, like talking this much hurts him. 'Not because you're a special snowflake."
— Hannah Moskowitz
"It's because you weren't in love," Mary said. "When you're in love it's beautiful. When you're not it's just dirty filthy sex. Loveless sex has no true spiritual meaning deep inside your soul. But love makes everything totally cool. Love is God's special gift to horny teenage girls and boys. It makes them feel less guilty."
— Christopher Pike
"I guess one of the most magnificent things a novel can do is to change your perspective on the world, and to give it some sense of wonder, and that's what I find so exciting in writing fantasy, especially fantasy for children. Because already, I think children have a very special and unusual way of seeing the world."
— Marie Rutkoski
"People think that coaches are always right, but it's difficult to teach a runner how to run, because every runner is different. You have to have an understanding of how to assist what that runner has, so they know how to assist what you have without taking away your special ability, because you're not like anybody else."
— Jim Brown
"The first real memory I have, is one of the first times I was old enough to remember being at your house. We must have been about three, maybe four. I came and sat down beside you while you were playing and it's like, even then, you knew I wasn't anything special because you just ignored the hell out of me."
— Melyssa Winchester
"When people want to see your film, you're over the moon because you've actually made real contact. That's something very special."
— Charlotte Rampling
"When you're in something as successful as 'Transformers,' you can't use it as a sales piece for your ability as an actress because it's all about the special effects."
— Megan Fox
"That bowl was special because of the blue. It exactly matched your eyes."
— Jennifer Ashley
"Whatever sphere of the human mind you may select for your special study, whether it be language, or religion, or mythology, or philosophy, whether it be laws or customs, primitive art or primitive science, everywhere, you have to go to India, whether you like it or not, because some of the most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India, and in India only."
— Max Muller
"Made this card especially for you
because today's a special day,
I wanted it to be wonderful
I wanted it to say,
hope everything you wish for,
comes true on this your birthday."
— Susan Smith
"It's a very special generation, because during our careers the computer entered chess. So we know how to play without computers, which is also important. We can analyse without computers. I am not saying that younger players cannot do this, but we are more in the habit of doing this. That's important to improve your chess understanding."
— Vassily Ivanchuk
"Don't Wait! Start on your dreams, your impulses, your longings, your special occasions today. Because this is your moment."
— Mary Anne Radmacher
"The smaller and younger kids are, the more patient you have to be. But if they're gifted, then it's a wonderful present that you're given by having a child like that in your film ... more so than in the case of actors because, for example, if you ask them to play a lion, they don't then play a lion, they actually are a lion. So, a gifted child is something very special. On the other hand, if a child has no gifts in that way it's absolutely hopeless and there's nothing you can do!"
— Michael Haneke
"I swear to much for this to be a television special. Did you guys ever have your mouth washed out with soap? My mom did that to me a lot. I think I swear more because of it. I started liking the taste of soap, I would eat it just to spite her. (pause) I'd bite off bars of soap."
— Andrew McMahon
"If you resort to violent methods because the other side has destroyed your monastery, for example, you then have lost not only your monastery, but also your special Buddhist practices of detachment, love, and compassion."
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text:
Q: Proving that a given polynomial is a constant multiple of a Legendre Polynomial If $p(x)$ is a polynomial of degree $n\ge1$ such that
$$\int_{-1}^1 (x^k)p(x)\,dx = 0$$
for $k = 0,1,2,3, \ldots, (n-1)$.
Show that $p(x) = cP_n(x)$ for some constant $c$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Kasandra is a very hot blonde, she came to us from the cold Russia to enjoy her amazing beauty. She is breathtaking, a perfection, a true beauty queen. She could have been a supermodel, if it interested her. But all that is in that blonds head is hot parties in the company of generous men. She's wild and crazy, she brings an atmosphere of celebration everywhere. A girl for every man who wants to spend his time in an amazing atmosphere of an endless party.


text:
A koreai filmművészet az egykori egységes Korea, valamint Észak-Korea és Dél-Korea filmművészetét foglalja magába az 1800-as évek végétől napjainkig. A koreai filmművészet kezdetén készült alkotások nagy része megsemmisült a japán elnyomás, a koreai háború, valamint a katonai diktatúra időszaka alatt, ezeket a filmeket csak korabeli újságok, valamint filmtörténészek, például  feljegyzései alapján lehet megismerni.

Története

A mozgókép megérkezése Koreába

Megoszlanak a vélemények arról, hogy mikor jutott el a mozgókép Koreába, a Koreai Filmtanács kiadványa szerint egy korabeli The Times cikkben azt írják, 1897-ben tartottak először filmvetítést ban, ahol rövid francia filmhíradókat (actualité) mutattak be. Ezt cáfolja Brian Yecies kutató, aki állítása szerint nem talált ilyen Times-cikket, és a történetet mendemondának tartja.

A mozgóképélmény először a királyi családnak adatott meg Koreában, a századfordulón Burton Holmes vetített filmet a királyi palotában. Az első nyilvános vetítésre korabeli újságokban fennmaradt közlemények szerint 1903-ban került sor egy amerikai üzletember, James A. Thomas jóvoltából, aki marketingstratégiaként vetette be a mozgóképet a Hansung Electric Company által üzemeltetett villamosok és saját cigarettagyára népszerűsítésére: aki jegyet vett a villamosra, egy doboz cigarettát kapott ajándékba, valamint egy jegyet a vetítésre. 1903 júliusára olyan népszerű lett a film, hogy a hagyományos színházi és táncelőadásokat tartó  színház is vetítőgépeket vásárolt. 1907-re már négy filmszínház működött Szöulban, a legnagyobb a Hansung Electric Company amerikai tulajdonosaié volt.

A koreai film kezdetei

Az 1910-es éveket követően a koreai filmpiacot a külföldről importált filmek uralták. 1910 és 1922 között 2570 filmet vetítettek Koreában. A helyi közönség a filmhíradó helyett jobban kedvelte a fiktív történeteket, nagy sikerrel vetítették például Francis Ford The Broken Coin című filmsorozatát, vagy D. W. Griffith Út a boldogság felé című némafilmjét.

Ebben az időszakban lett népszerű a kino-dráma műfaja, mely ötvözte a mozgóképet a színházi előadással. Az első ilyen hibrid alkotást 1919-ben  (의리적 구토, "Igazságos bosszú") címmel mutatta be a  színház. 1923-ig mintegy 20 hasonló produkció született, melyeket a japán sinpa (新派) melodrámák ihlettek. Számos színház épült ebben az időszakban, nem csak Szöulban, de nagyobb városokban is, melyek többsége japán üzletemberek tulajdonában volt.

Az első koreai játékfilmek 1923-ban készültek el:   (국경, "A határ") című alkotása, valamint  (윤백남)  (월하의 맹서, "Eskü a holdfényben/Eskütétel a Hold alatt") címet viselő filmje. A némafilmeket úgynevezett  (변사; japán megfelelője a bensi) narrálták, valamint ek.

1923-ban nagy sikert aratott a japán Hajakava Gosú (早川孤舟) által rendezett  (춘향전), mely a népszerű  dolgozza fel. 1924-ben a  színház elkészítette az első, teljesen koreai stábbal forgatott némafilmet  (장화홍련전, " története") címmel. 1924-ben létrejött a Chosun Kinema filmprodukciós vállalat ban, amely még ebben az évben leforgatta a  (해의 비곡, "A nap bús dala") című filmet. Az alkotást teljes egészében japánok készítették, csak a színészek voltak koreaiak. Hazai viszonylatban bukásnak számított, Japánban azonban sikert aratott, és ez volt az első koreai film, amit Franciaországban készült Parvo kamerával fényképeztek. A filmet számos helyszínen, Szöulban, ban,  szigetén forgatták. A vállalat összesen négy filmet jelentetett meg, mielőtt feloszlott.

A japán elnyomás időszakának némafilmjei

A Chosun Kinema társasághoz tartozó  saját, független vállalatot alapított, ahol a korai koreai filmművészet egyik legnagyobb alakjának tartott  (나운규, 羅雲奎) 1925-ben a  (심청전, " története") című filmben nyújtott alakításával egy csapásra híres színész lett. 1926-ban a mindössze 25 éves Na Arirang címmel írt és rendezett egy filmet, melynek a főszereplője is ő volt. Az alkotásban egy zavart elmeállapotú férfit alakított, aki megöli egy gazdag földesúr japán rendőrökkel cimboráló fiát. A film szenzációt okozott, rejtett szimbolikájával a japánok elleni ellenállásra ösztönzött. Számos fiatal filmest inspirált hasonlóan realista és elnyomásellenes filmek készítésére.

1926 és 1937 között mintegy 80 némafilm látott napvilágot Koreában, azonban az 1926-ban bevezetett cenzúra megnehezítette a koreai filmesek munkáját. Ennek ellenére a filmgyártás fejlődésnek indult, egyre nagyobb érdeklődés övezte a mozgóképet, melyek egyúttal a változó koreai társadalmat is filmre rögzítették, például a konfuciánus ideálokkal szembemenő, szabadelvű női karakterek is megjelentek a vásznon, a konzervatív elit férfitársadalom legnagyobb aggodalmára. A cenzúra hatására több koreai filmes is Kínába emigrált, a hátramaradtak kénytelenek voltak a japán elvárásoknak megfelelően gyarmati propagandafilmeket gyártani. A cenzúra több, végül kiadott filmet is jelentősen megvágott, például   (혈마, "Véres ló", 1928) című filmjének nyolc tekercséből csak három maradt meg,   (임자 없는 나룻배, "Senki kompja") című filmjéből pedig mintegy 300 méternyi szalagot vágtak ki a cenzorok.

A hangosfilm megjelenése

Az 1930-as évek technikai fejlődésének egyik úttörője volt  operatőr, aki számos tanítványának adta át tudását, közöttük a testvéreinek. Öccse,   (춘향전) című filmjéhez saját maga fejlesztett hangtechnikát (bár japán segítséggel), ezzel létrejött az első koreai hangosfilm.  azután utazott Kínába és Japánba a hangosfilmet tanulmányozni, hogy 1930-ban Koreában bemutatták a Paramount on Parade című amerikai filmet. A japánok az amerikai RCA Photophone rendszer alapján létrehozták a saját rendszerüket (Cucsihasi, 土橋), ezt vette át  is. Bár a technika kezdetleges volt és amatőrnek hatott, emiatt a kritikusok negatívan fogadták, a nézőket lenyűgözte az első hazai hangosfilm.

A kezdeti bukdácsolás ellenére a hangosfilmek hamar átvették a vezetést, 1936-ban már a bemutatott filmek felét tették ki. Ekkor jelent meg például az első zenés film, a  (노래 조선, "Csoszoni dalok"), valamint az Arirang 3 (아리랑 3편),  filmsorozatának harmadik és egyetlen hangos része. A hangosfilm elterjedése a színjátszást is megváltoztatta, kellemes orgánumú színpadi színészek és színésznők számára teremtett lehetőséget a filmvásznon, mint ,  vagy . A vezető rendezők jó része külföldön, Japánban vagy Németországban tanult, a korszakra pedig a koprodukciók voltak jellemzőek, leginkább technikai okok miatt: Koreának egyszerűen szüksége volt a tapasztalt japán mérnökök segítségére az egyre fontosabbá váló hangosfilm technikai problémáinak megoldására.

A koprodukciók és az erős japán cenzúra ellenére a koreai filmesek elkezdték megtalálni sajtát hangjukat, azáltal, hogy összehasonlították filmjeiket a japán és nyugati alkotásokkal. Jellemzőek lettek a koreai folklórból, a  időkből merítkező alkotások, az 1938-ban megtartott első koreai filmfesztiválon például az Arirangot választották a legjobb némafilmnek, és az 1937-ben bemutatott t (심청전) a legjobb hangosfilmnek. Az Arirang egy faluban játszódik, vidéki emberek életét mutatja be, a  pedig egy népszerű történet zenés feldolgozása.

1935 és 1939 között Korea 26 filmet készített, melyek közül számos irodalmi mű feldolgozása volt. Az egyik ilyen a  rendezte  (무정, "Szívtelen") című film  azonos című regényéből. 1940-t követően a cenzúra még szigorúbb lett, a japán vezetés életbe léptetett egy új filmrendeletet, aminek értelmében a moziknak japán háborús propagandafilmeket kellett vetíteniük, ki kellett tűzniük a birodalmi zászlót és a háborút támogató szlogeneket kellett felvonultatniuk minden vetítés előtt. A koreai filmgyártás drasztikusan visszaesett. Összesen hat film készült 1940-ben, mindegyik japán propagandát terjesztett, például integrálást Japánnal és háborús részvételre ösztönözte a koreaiakat. Akik nem voltak hajlandóak kollaborálni a japán filmtörvénnyel, emigráltak.

1942-re a helyzet még súlyosabbá vált, a magán disztribútorokat erőszakkal bezárták, a filmdisztribúciót koloniális vállalat vette át, a koreai nyelvű filmek terjesztését betiltották, csak japán nyelven lehetett filmet gyártani. Az állami filmvállalatnál számos koreai rendező dolgozott a japánok keze alá, akik az 1945-ös felszabadulást követően propagandafilmek gyártásáról a függetlenséget éltető filmek készítésére álltak át.

A korszakból mindösszesen 11 film maradt fenn, ezek kópiáját Kínából, Japánból és Oroszországból sikerült visszaszerezni:
Mimong (미몽, "Édes álom"), rendezte: , 1936
, rendezte: , 1937
, rendezte: , 1938
, rendezte: , 1939)
, rendezte: , 1941
, rendezte:  (최인규, 崔寅奎; 1911–?), 1941
, rendezte: , 1941
, rendezte: Imai Tadasi (今井 正, 1912–1991), 1943
, rendezte: , 1943
, rendezte: Tojoda Siró (豊田 四郎, 1906–1977), 1943
, rendezte: , 1945

A kettészakadt Korea filmművészete

Észak-Korea filmművészete

Dél-Korea filmművészete

Jegyzetek

Források

További információk

 A Koreai Filmarchívum YouTube-csatornája, angolra feliratozott régi koreai filmekkel
 A Koreai Filmarchívum gyűjteménye a Google Art Project oldalán

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Finally an "OUCHLESS" pin holder!
No more -- "Reach for a pin in your pin holder and then pull the pin from your fingertip".
I have created an heirloom-quality wooden "Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Well" for sewing pins. When you place your pins in the cone-shaped depression of the "Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Well" you place them with the heads up where you can easily grab the head, NOT the sharp end (which will grab you!). I incorporated a powerful magnet into the base of the well to safely hold the pins in the well (note that in the photo the pins in the well on the left stay in place when the well is tipped on its side). As with my Bobbin Caddies, the "Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Wells" are available in either Pennsylvania Black Cherry or Red Oak, your choice. They are approximately 3" in diameter and 1 ¾" high. They are heirlooms that will be passed on down the line of quilters in your family for generations to come.
In the past I had a number of quilters tell me that if I had some way to keep the pins in a Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Well out of sight of their cat, they would love to have one! I now have a cover for the Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Wells that will keep the enclosed pins "out of sight- out of mind" for cats. The Kitty Kover is a handsome wood cover that fits neatly over the Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Well.
If you wish to purchase a Kitty Kover for a Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Well that you purchased from me in the past, contact me to verify that the Kitty Kover will fit your pin well. The Kitty Kover by itself is $20.
Heads-Up Magnetic Pin Wells and Kitty Kovers are available in Pennsylvania Black Cherry or Red Oak, your choice.


text:
homesickness (n.)
1756, translating German Heimweh, from Heim "home" (see home (n.)) + Weh "woe, pain;" the compound is from Swiss dialect, expressing a longing for the mountains, and was introduced to other European languages 17c. by Swiss mercenaries. Also see nostalgia.
Entries linking to homesickness
home (n.)
Old English ham "dwelling place, house, abode, fixed residence; estate; village; region, country," from Proto-Germanic *haimaz "home" (source also of Old Frisian hem "home, village," Old Norse heimr "residence, world," heima "home," Danish hjem, Middle Dutch heem, German heim "home," Gothic haims "village"), from PIE *(t)koimo-, suffixed form of root *tkei- "to settle, dwell, be home." As an adjective from 1550s. The old Germanic sense of "village" is preserved in place names and in hamlet.
'Home' in the full range and feeling of [Modern English] home is a conception that belongs distinctively to the word home and some of its Gmc. cognates and is not covered by any single word in most of the IE languages. [Buck]
Slang phrase make (oneself) at home "become comfortable in a place one does not live" dates from 1892 (at home "at one's ease" is from 1510s). To keep the home fires burning is a song title from 1914. To be nothing to write home about "unremarkable" is from 1907. Home movie is from 1919; home computer is from 1967. Home stretch (1841) is from horse racing (see stretch (n.)). Home economics as a school course first attested 1899; the phrase itself by 1879 (as "household management" is the original literal sense of economy, the phrase is etymologically redundant).
Home as the goal in a sport or game is from 1778. Home base in baseball attested by 1856; home plate by 1867. Home team in sports is from 1869; home field "grounds belonging to the local team" is from 1802 (the 1800 citation in OED 2nd ed. print is a date typo, as it refers to baseball in Spokane Falls). Home-field advantage attested from 1955.
nostalgia (n.)
1726, "morbid longing to return to one's home or native country, severe homesickness considered as a disease," Modern Latin, coined 1688 in a dissertation on the topic at the University of Basel by scholar Johannes Hofer (1669-1752) as a rendering of German heimweh "homesickness" (for which see home + woe).
From Greek algos "pain, grief, distress" (see -algia) + nostos "homecoming," from neomai "to reach some place, escape, return, get home," from PIE *nes- "to return safely home" (cognate with Old Norse nest "food for a journey," Sanskrit nasate "approaches, joins," German genesen "to recover," Gothic ganisan "to heal," Old English genesen "to recover"). French nostalgie is in French army medical manuals by 1754.
Originally in reference to the Swiss and said to be peculiar to them and often fatal, whether by its own action or in combination with wounds or disease.
[Dr. Scheuzer] had said that the air enclosed in the bodies of his countrymen, being in Æquilibrium with a rare and light air that surrounds them, was overloaded in lower countries with an air more dense and heavier, which compressing and obstructing the capillary vessels, makes the circulation slow and difficult, and occasions many sad symptoms. [Account of the publication of "Areographia Helvetiæ" in New Memoirs of Literature, London, March 1726]
By 1830s the word was used of any intense homesickness: that of sailors, convicts, African slaves. "The bagpipes produced the same effects sometimes in the Scotch regiments while serving abroad" [Penny Magazine," Nov. 14, 1840]. It is listed among the "endemic diseases" in the "Cyclopaedia of Practical Medicine" [London, 1833, edited by three M.D.s], which defines it as "The concourse of depressing symptoms which sometimes arise in persons who are absent from their native country, when they are seized with a longing desire of returning to their home and friends and the scenes their youth ...."
It was a military medical diagnosis principally, and was considered a serious medical problem by the North in the American Civil War:
In the first two years of the war, there were reported 2588 cases of nostalgia, and 13 deaths from this cause. These numbers scarcely express the real extent to which nostalgia influenced the sickness and mortality of the army. To the depressing influence of home-sickness must be attributed the fatal result in many cases which might otherwise have terminated favorably. ["Sanitary Memoirs of the War," U.S. Sanitary Commission, N.Y.: 1867]
Transferred sense (the main modern one) of "wistful yearning for the past" is recorded by 1920, perhaps from such use of nostalgie in French literature. The longing for a distant place also necessarily involves a separation in time.
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Etymology of homesickness by etymonline
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Definitions of homesickness
a longing to return home;
From wordnet.princeton.edu
Dictionary entries near homesickness
Homeric


Last week, I traveled out to Colorado to give a keynote at Glue Conference on the hierarchy of developer needs.
It is a talk that I've wanted to give for a while, and what better place to debut it than one of the best developer conferences out there? However, as I rehearsed it, delivered it, and talked to developers afterwards, I realized that I had so much more to say than my slides and script allowed.
When I first started out, "community support" meant a once-a-month post on a SourceForge forum, and very few of those posts were answers to questions. We've come a long way from those days, but we can do so much better.
I started thinking about not what people were doing wrong when supporting their developers, but why, and how they could fix it.
Now, the hierarchy is acknowledged as being out of date, but can we still use it as a tool to formulate our support for developer communities? I propose that yes, we can. What do users of our APIs, our platforms, need from us, to become self-actualized users? In hitchhiking on the Maslow's hierarchy, can we determine where we are lacking in our approach, and use it to do better?
There's a real temptation (and I've been here myself, so I speak from experience) to identify with the users of your API. Oftentimes, we draw from our lives as developers and our inherent sympathy with the needs of our our user base to claim to know what they need. This is not only bad for your developers, it's also egotistical and patronizing.
It's what I call ego creep.
Ego creep is much like feature creep. It starts with the best of intentions, with the idea that you're making things better, but wind up making things worse overall. In some ways, ego creep is a superset of feature creep. We introduce extra features because we know what our users want before they do. We abstract away objects into overly simplistic wrappers because our developers don't need access to the underlying resource. It's us knowing what's best for others.
The first step to drafting a hierarchy of developer needs is to abandon ego. Admit that you are not your developer, that you don't know what their needs are, that you don't know their patterns, and you'll be ready to start the conversation.
A great developer experience means different things to different developers. Anyone who has worked on a team knows that we all approach problems differently, process through stumbling blocks in wildly different ways, and prefer different tools to tackle it all. So how on earth would you know how to help out your developers if you don't know who they are?
Should the urgency and budget allow for it, I like collecting mixture of qualitative and quantitative data. Hard data is hard to beat when it comes to informing large initiatvies like a client library rewrite, but it's also difficult to elicit off-the-cuff remarks or rants without an in-person or one-on-one conversation. In either case, it's critically important to engage with a broad cross-section of developers, and not just those who are currently using your API. If they aren't using your API right now, and they could be, why is that?
Needs of developers shift drastically depending on their schedule, industry, and stack, to name a few. If you don't have at least an impressionist portrait of your developer, how can you expect to support them?
There will not be a single hierarchy that fits all developers.
The needs of different categories of developers will be drastically different from one another. Goals differ. Motivations change. I created a few different hierarchies to start to address these divergent needs, two of which I show below.
I picked these two developer profiles to illustrate how different their hierarchies can be. The first hierarchy represents the enterprise engineer, who wants to make sure that she incorporates your API that makes the integration the most performant, secure, and stable. On top of an excellent set of docs, she needs to know that if something goes wrong, she's got recourse in support. Libraries and SDKs are nice to have and will maximize her efficiency, but she can work directly against the API.
The second hierarchy represents the self-educator. This developer doesn't necessarily have a project in mind for your API, but she wants to get up to speed so that when the project comes along, she can assert her existing skill set. Courses and tutorials are her entry point. Reference docs are good to have, but she learns more by examples and completing exercises than reading documentation.
Are these two hierarchies definitive? No. They're a starting point!
Steve Citron-Pousty, Developer Advocate for OpenShift, made an excellent point about any hierarchy: the whole thing is meaningless if you don't provide a great getting started experience. John Musser, founder of API Science and ProgrammableWeb, used a phrase that fits this perfectly: time to first hello world (TTFHW). If that time is too long, your developer will go elsewhere.
What does this all mean? A fantastic developer experience is always going to be a work in progress. You'll always want to reduce your TTFHW. Your developer will change. Their needs will shift. You'll have to change your approach along with it. Having to rethink your developer experience doesn't mean that your previous one was a failure!
If there's nothing else you learn from this, let it be that there are no shortcuts. I had a couple people admit to me after the talk that they hoped to find out "the recipe" for providing a fantastic developer experience to their developers. Anyone who tells you that they have this recipe is flat out lying to you.
A template for developer experience cannot replace having an open dialogue with your developers and actively listening to them. You appear disingenuous if you try to tell them what you're giving them them while skipping those steps. So start talking to communities, engaging with them, and keep evolving and refining your developer hierarchy.