text:
"""Nadam optimizer implementation."""
# pylint: disable=g-classes-have-attributes
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

from tensorflow.python.framework import ops
from tensorflow.python.keras import backend_config
from tensorflow.python.keras.optimizer_v2 import learning_rate_schedule
from tensorflow.python.keras.optimizer_v2 import optimizer_v2
from tensorflow.python.ops import array_ops
from tensorflow.python.ops import control_flow_ops
from tensorflow.python.ops import math_ops
from tensorflow.python.ops import state_ops
from tensorflow.python.ops import variables as tf_variables
from tensorflow.python.util.tf_export import keras_export

@keras_export('keras.optimizers.Nadam')
class Nadam(optimizer_v2.OptimizerV2):
  r"""Optimizer that implements the NAdam algorithm.

  Much like Adam is essentially RMSprop with momentum, Nadam is Adam with
  Nesterov momentum.

  Args:
    learning_rate: A Tensor or a floating point value.  The learning rate.
    beta_1: A float value or a constant float tensor. The exponential decay
      rate for the 1st moment estimates.
    beta_2: A float value or a constant float tensor. The exponential decay
      rate for the exponentially weighted infinity norm.
    epsilon: A small constant for numerical stability.
    name: Optional name for the operations created when applying gradients.
      Defaults to `"Nadam"`.
    **kwargs: Keyword arguments. Allowed to be one of
      `"clipnorm"` or `"clipvalue"`.
      `"clipnorm"` (float) clips gradients by norm; `"clipvalue"` (float) clips
      gradients by value.

  Reference:
    - [Dozat, 2015](http://cs229.stanford.edu/proj2015/054_report.pdf).
  """

  _HAS_AGGREGATE_GRAD = True

  def __init__(self,
               learning_rate=0.001,
               beta_1=0.9,
               beta_2=0.999,
               epsilon=1e-7,
               name='Nadam',
               **kwargs):
    # Backwards compatibility with keras NAdam optimizer.
    kwargs['decay'] = kwargs.pop('schedule_decay', 0.004)
    learning_rate = kwargs.get('lr', learning_rate)
    if isinstance(learning_rate, learning_rate_schedule.LearningRateSchedule):
      raise ValueError('The Nadam optimizer does not support '
                       'tf.keras.optimizers.LearningRateSchedules as the '
                       'learning rate.')

    super(Nadam, self).__init__(name, **kwargs)
    self._set_hyper('learning_rate', kwargs.get('lr', learning_rate))
    self._set_hyper('decay', self._initial_decay)
    self._set_hyper('beta_1', beta_1)
    self._set_hyper('beta_2', beta_2)
    self.epsilon = epsilon or backend_config.epsilon()
    self._m_cache = None

  def _create_slots(self, var_list):
    var_dtype = var_list[0].dtype.base_dtype
    if self._m_cache is None:
      self._m_cache = self.add_weight(
          'momentum_cache',
          shape=[],
          dtype=var_dtype,
          initializer='ones',
          trainable=False,
          aggregation=tf_variables.VariableAggregation.ONLY_FIRST_REPLICA)
      self._weights.append(self._m_cache)
    # Separate for-loops to respect the ordering of slot variables from v1.
    for var in var_list:
      # Create slots for the first moments.
      self.add_slot(var, 'm')
    for var in var_list:
      # Create slots for the second moments.
      self.add_slot(var, 'v')

  def _prepare_local(self, var_device, var_dtype, apply_state):
    lr_t = array_ops.identity(self._get_hyper('learning_rate', var_dtype))
    beta_1_t = array_ops.identity(self._get_hyper('beta_1', var_dtype))
    beta_2_t = array_ops.identity(self._get_hyper('beta_2', var_dtype))
    local_step = math_ops.cast(self.iterations + 1, var_dtype)
    next_step = math_ops.cast(self.iterations + 2, var_dtype)

    decay_base = math_ops.cast(0.96, var_dtype)

    m_t = beta_1_t * (1. - 0.5 * (
        math_ops.pow(decay_base, self._initial_decay * local_step)))
    m_t_1 = beta_1_t * (1. - 0.5 * (
        math_ops.pow(decay_base, self._initial_decay * next_step)))

    m_schedule_new = math_ops.cast(self._m_cache_read, var_dtype) * m_t
    if var_dtype is self._m_cache.dtype:
      m_schedule_new = array_ops.identity(state_ops.assign(
          self._m_cache, m_schedule_new, use_locking=self._use_locking))
    m_schedule_next = m_schedule_new * m_t_1

    apply_state[(var_device, var_dtype)] = dict(
        lr_t=lr_t,
        neg_lr_t=-lr_t,
        epsilon=ops.convert_to_tensor_v2_with_dispatch(self.epsilon, var_dtype),
        beta_1_t=beta_1_t,
        beta_2_t=beta_2_t,
        m_t=m_t,
        m_t_1=m_t_1,
        one_minus_beta_1_t=1 - beta_1_t,
        one_minus_beta_2_t=1 - beta_2_t,
        one_minus_m_t=1. - m_t,
        one_minus_m_schedule_new=1. - m_schedule_new,
        one_minus_m_schedule_next=1. - m_schedule_next,
        v_t_prime_denominator=1. - math_ops.pow(beta_2_t, local_step),
    )

  def _prepare(self, var_list):
    # Get the value of the momentum cache before starting to apply gradients.
    self._m_cache_read = array_ops.identity(self._m_cache)
    return super(Nadam, self)._prepare(var_list)

  def _resource_apply_dense(self, grad, var, apply_state=None):
    var_device, var_dtype = var.device, var.dtype.base_dtype
    coefficients = ((apply_state or {}).get((var_device, var_dtype))
                    or self._fallback_apply_state(var_device, var_dtype))

    m = self.get_slot(var, 'm')
    v = self.get_slot(var, 'v')

    g_prime = grad / coefficients['one_minus_m_schedule_new']
    m_t = (coefficients['beta_1_t'] * m +
           coefficients['one_minus_beta_1_t'] * grad)
    m_t = state_ops.assign(m, m_t, use_locking=self._use_locking)
    m_t_prime = m_t / coefficients['one_minus_m_schedule_next']
    v_t = (coefficients['beta_2_t'] * v +
           coefficients['one_minus_beta_2_t'] * math_ops.square(grad))
    v_t = state_ops.assign(v, v_t, use_locking=self._use_locking)
    v_t_prime = v_t / coefficients['v_t_prime_denominator']
    m_t_bar = (coefficients['one_minus_m_t'] * g_prime +
               coefficients['m_t_1'] * m_t_prime)
    var_t = var - coefficients['lr_t'] * m_t_bar / (
        math_ops.sqrt(v_t_prime) + coefficients['epsilon'])
    return state_ops.assign(var, var_t, use_locking=self._use_locking).op

  def _resource_apply_sparse(self, grad, var, indices, apply_state=None):
    var_device, var_dtype = var.device, var.dtype.base_dtype
    coefficients = ((apply_state or {}).get((var_device, var_dtype))
                    or self._fallback_apply_state(var_device, var_dtype))

    m = self.get_slot(var, 'm')
    v = self.get_slot(var, 'v')

    g_prime = grad / coefficients['one_minus_m_schedule_new']

    # m_t = beta1 * m + (1 - beta1) * g_t
    m_scaled_g_values = grad * coefficients['one_minus_beta_1_t']
    m_t = state_ops.assign(m, m * coefficients['beta_1_t'],
                           use_locking=self._use_locking)

    with ops.control_dependencies([m_t]):
      m_t = self._resource_scatter_add(m, indices, m_scaled_g_values)
      m_t_slice = array_ops.gather(m_t, indices)

    m_t_prime = m_t_slice / coefficients['one_minus_m_schedule_next']
    m_t_bar = (coefficients['one_minus_m_t'] * g_prime +
               coefficients['m_t_1'] * m_t_prime)

    # v_t = beta2 * v + (1 - beta2) * (g_t * g_t)
    v_scaled_g_values = (grad * grad) * coefficients['one_minus_beta_2_t']
    v_t = state_ops.assign(v, v * coefficients['beta_2_t'],
                           use_locking=self._use_locking)

    with ops.control_dependencies([v_t]):
      v_t = self._resource_scatter_add(v, indices, v_scaled_g_values)
      v_t_slice = array_ops.gather(v_t, indices)

    v_t_prime = v_t_slice / coefficients['v_t_prime_denominator']
    v_prime_sqrt_plus_eps = math_ops.sqrt(v_t_prime) + coefficients['epsilon']

    var_update = self._resource_scatter_add(
        var, indices,
        coefficients['neg_lr_t'] * m_t_bar / v_prime_sqrt_plus_eps)
    return control_flow_ops.group(*[var_update, m_t_bar, v_t])

  def get_config(self):
    config = super(Nadam, self).get_config()
    config.update({
        'learning_rate': self._serialize_hyperparameter('learning_rate'),
        'decay': self._serialize_hyperparameter('decay'),
        'beta_1': self._serialize_hyperparameter('beta_1'),
        'beta_2': self._serialize_hyperparameter('beta_2'),
        'epsilon': self.epsilon,
    })
    return config

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Almost all of us have unwanted hair somewhere on our face or body. We shave and wax, put up with razor burn, cuts and nicks and the shocking sensation of having whole patches of hair ripped out at once. Of course it gets worse if the hair is in a, ahem, 'delicate' area. Then there's the time commitment. Got a hot date? Good for you! Too bad about the hour you'll spend removing the hair from your legs, underarms, bikini area, and upper lip as well as plucking unruly brows. And these are just the common areas. Some of you reading this are thinking, "I should be so lucky". You know who you are. Fortunately, laser hair removal offers a permanent solution that can leave your skin baby-smooth – forever!
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October 20, 2017 at 12:00a.m.
The Boardman Glenwood Junior High School cross country teams concluded their season in the AAC Cross Country Championships at The Trumbull County Fairgrounds on Oct. 14. The boys team placed fourth and the girls also placed fourth. The top seven runners scoring for the boys team were Ben Alvarico, Josh Zilavy, Ben Zilavy, Trey DePietro, Brady DePietro, Ryne Loftus and Jack Dascenzo. The top seven runners scoring for the girls team were Lauren Bero, Lexi Mihok, Ali White, Kathleen Sullivan, Adrianna Quinlan, Kaitlin Hagan and Genevieve Quinlan.
Boardman's girls cross country team competed in the 10th annual Andrews Osborne Academy Invitational on Oct. 7. The Lady Spartans were led by Junior, Sophia McGee and Senior, Casey Zaitzew. Sophia won the race at a blistering time of 19:34, which was a career best time for her. Casey Zaitzew was runner-up and ran the course at 19:36. Freshman Alayna Cuevas placed 15th overall with a time of 20:43. Julia Gorby placed 19th overall with a personal best time of 20:54. Bailey Moore placed 23rd at 21:33, Junior, Hannah Ryan placed 26th at 21:51 and finishing out the scoring for the 3rd place Spartans was Macy Potts at 21:53 placing her 27th. The Lady Spartans junior varsity team also placed third overall. Leading the Spartans were Hannah Davitt 22:56, Gina Gabrielle 23:17, Allyson Schwendamen 23:19, Jordan Solmen 23:26 and Isabelle Dwyer 24:04. Finishing out the scoring for the Lady Spartans was Alannah Hetzel 24:45 and Emily Olexa 25:22.
Cameron Thompson and Carter Mraz each had 30-yard touchdown receptions from Jason Triveri. Sean O'Horo led the team in receiving with 45 yards. Triveri threw for 130 yards and two touchdowns. Anthony Hightower scored on a five yard run. Marcel Tomlin led the team in rushing with 30 yards. Luke Ryan kicked three extra points. Carter Mraz had an interception for a touchdown while Anthony Hightower and Guy Young each had an interception. David Coss blocked a punt that was recovered by Raymond Cmil. Alex Liindeman, Christian Odom and Tristen Hutchko each a sack. Cmil, Blaine Strines, Stephen Conti and O'Horo led the team in tackles.
The Boardman Glenwood Junior High School cross country teams competed in the Mahoning Valley Junior High Cross Country Championships at McDonald's Woodland Park on Oct. 10. The boys team placed fifth, and the girls placed seventh. The top seven runners scoring for the boys team were Ben Alvarico, Ben Zilavy, Josh Zilavy, Trey DePietro, Brady DePietro, Ryne Loftus and Jack Dascenzo. The top seven runners scoring for the girls team were Lauren Bero, Lexi Mihok, Ali White, Kathleen Sullivan, Adrianna Quinlan, Kaitlin Hagan and Genevieve Quinlan.
Jason Triveri connected with Cameron Thompson for a 50-yard touchdown and Sean O'Horo for a 10-yard touchdown. Anthony Hightower rushed for 70 yards and two point conversion. Marcel Tomlin rushed for 30 yards and a two point conversion. Triveri threw for 170 yards and two touchdowns. Cameron Thompson had 75 yards receiving and Sean O'Horo had 70. The offensive line which consists of Anthony Butto, Christian Odom, Aidan Miller, Blaine Strines, Joey Sferra and Carter Cailor controlled the line of scrimmage all game. The defense was led by Tristen Hutchko who had five tackles and a blocked punt. Other defensive standouts were Robbie Williamson, Blaine Strines, Sean O'Horo and Raymond Cmil. Reshaud Biggs forced a fumble that was recovered by Stephen Conti.
Football season is on the horizon and Neighbors needs your help featuring the great football teams in your area that are age groups middle school and younger for our Neighbors Blitz page. If you are a coach or parent, please consider submitting a photograph or two of the players in action or of the team afterward, along with some details on the game and the names of any players or team members photographed, listed from left to right and front to back. You can email us at neighbors@vindy.com. You don't have to be a writer - just send us the information and we'll put it together for you. We look forward to another great season of success for our local teams!
Autumn athletics have arrived and Neighbors wants to be there every step of the way. If you're a sports coach or the parent of an athlete, we need your help. In order to get teams and players the recognition they deserve, we want to showcase them in our pages.
If you're an autumn sports coach or the parent of an athlete, we need your help. In order to get teams and players the recognition they deserve, we want to showcase them in our pages. You can email us at neighbors@vindy.com.


Food is quite important to me. It is one of the very few reasons I actually leave the house. If it wasn't for the need to eat, and the desire to eat something brilliant, I would stay in bed all day. I have already written extensively on the subject of my need to plan meals even before I have finished the one I am currently eating. I am in this eating thing for the long haul, folks. But this time it's canteens.
I love to pick up a tray and have a plate thrust at me, after a few ladles and scoops of various things I have chosen have been slopped upon it. I love the fact that everything comes in bulk, and that there is a sheen of grease on anything and everything. I love the fact that you can always get a fantastic cuppa in a place like this, regardless of the country of origin of the food you are buying that day.
A canteen should at least have started off as a form of mass catering from the local authority or the state, open to all of its citizens. It should be a cheap way to get fed hearty, salty food. It should comprise many Formica coated tables and easily stackable chairs, with racks to put one's trays in after the food is finished, and the lingering taste of meaty fat has subsided from the licked lips.
Not the small, intimate "caff", in which the staff can get your name, and then they can speak to you every time you come in. I know they're just making the day more enjoyable for themselves, but they make me never want to go back to the place again, for fear of being recognised and engaged in conversation with someone I barely know, forcing me to be massively awkward for a few minutes.
Not the confusingly cyclical layout with various impenetrable "stations" – Omelette, Baguette, Hot Counter – and no identifiable point at which to pay. This corporate dispensary is all well and good if all you need is a lunchtime meal deal, replete with a bag of crisps and an apple. I want it rough, not ready. A faceless catering company is not about to cut it for me, with their average spend per head.
Not the clean and the clinical brushed steel surfaces and the bottles of anti-bac, hanging with their respective cleaning cloths. I don't want to be offered a pair of choices of frozen lasagne or any oven baked chips: oven chips should be fried in this place. Cleanliness in a canteen is for people who do not actually want to eat: people who actively look forward to tuna mayonnaise and cottage cheese.
I get confused in places which are badly designed. I think we all do, if we're being honest about it. I walk in to somewhere new, and I want to know instinctively where to go to achieve what I have come in to try and achieve. I'm not suggesting signs or attentive personnel, but either of those do make it far easier to get a plate of egg and chips. A lot of places I consider going in to eat fall at the first hurdle because they are not clearly signposted, so I panic at the lack of clarity and walk out.
Some people refuse to try new places to eat because they think that trying new food is the scariest thing in the world, and that they may not like it. I love scary new food; I'm put off by the social awkwardness of crossing the threshold and not having a clue what to do then. If there is no one there, I will look around hopelessly, before checking my watch, muttering to myself and bolting.
Canteens do not seem to have this issue: they are machines for feeding the faces of folk, and they operate in a linear fashion: walk in hungry, walk out with a tray of food in your hand, find a seat and eat the food. It makes sense to me, and it works: I wish more places were as easy as a good canteen.
I want to go up to a hole in a wall, staffed by an ancient Babushka, offer a few timid words of an eastern European language, perhaps one written in Cyrillic, and be presented with a set of plates of salads and dumplings, bowls of soups and stews, glasses of strong hot beverages and one of water. And I want all this for a scattering of pennies in my own currency. I have seen people doing it on the TV – either in Romania or the Baltics – and I felt my jaw drop with pure jealousy at the joy of it all.
My favourite restaurant in Norway is an old canteen in the lobby of a hotel in Oslo. You queue up, picking up a tray on your way, and then someone slops something hale and hearty on to some plates before you pay a cashier a small sum for a lot of food. The food is traditional Norwegian meat and potatoes with meat sauces and a dollop of fruity compote. It is always delicious, if heavy; filling and nourishing; warming and refreshing: perfect for a cold day of wandering around a lovely new city.
Ikea comes close in the canteen stakes, albeit with a greater attention to cleanliness and order. They offer great portions at good prices, and you are always guaranteed a great cuppa, often free in fact.
I once queued for a good hour at a vegan café in Dublin to have a canteen-like experience, and I still remember it to this day. The service of food does not have to be surrounded by the pomp and the splendour of silver service: simple service can lift the soul just as much. Just dump it all in a tray.
The communality of all sitting at similar looking cheap tables while eating fantastic food is as close to the buzz of living in a socialist utopia that any of us are ever likely to experience. The fact that the majority of this form of dining – at least that I have experienced it – is in the Nordic expanse should tell us all about the openness and the freedom of the peoples who live there. Pretentious it is not.
An old friend of mine once suggested setting up a late night beans on toast restaurant. I can see it in my mind's eye now. Gastro tubs of beans, of cheeses, of various extras to go on top, a rotary toaster churning out a never-ending supply of beautiful carbs. I would eat there once a week, if I could.
As someone who is frequently scared by queuing complexities of bakeries selling delicious looking goods – to the extent that I run away – the ease of a well-placed set of signs lifts my spirits no end.
Posted in Opinion, Travel.Tagged Canteens, Communal, Food, Formica, Hearty, Ikea, Lunch, Nordic, Nourishing, Service, Soul food, Soup, Stews, Tray.


text:
Graviton
Title: Graviton
Subject: Quantum gravity, Elementary particle, Boson, String theory, Reference desk/Archives/Science/2014 August 13
Elementary particle
Bosonic
G[1]
Antiparticle
Theorized
1930s[2]
The name is attributed to Dmitrii Blokhintsev and F. M. Gal'perin in 1934[3]
Mean lifetime
In physics, the graviton is a hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitation in the framework of quantum field theory. If it exists, the graviton is expected to be massless (because the gravitational force appears to have unlimited range) and must be a spin-2 boson. The spin follows from the fact that the source of gravitation is the stress–energy tensor, a second-rank tensor (compared to electromagnetism's spin-1 photon, the source of which is the four-current, a first-rank tensor). Additionally, it can be shown that any massless spin-2 field would give rise to a force indistinguishable from gravitation, because a massless spin-2 field must couple to (interact with) the stress–energy tensor in the same way that the gravitational field does.[4] This result suggests that, if a massless spin-2 particle is discovered, it must be the graviton, so that the only experimental verification needed for the graviton may simply be the discovery of a massless spin-2 particle.[5]
1 Theory
1.1 Gravitons and renormalization
1.2 Comparison with other forces
1.3 Gravitons in speculative theories
2 Experimental observation
3 Difficulties and outstanding issues
The three other known forces of nature are mediated by elementary particles: electromagnetism by the photon, the strong interaction by the gluons, and the weak interaction by the W and Z bosons. The hypothesis is that the gravitational interaction is likewise mediated by an – as yet undiscovered – elementary particle, dubbed as the graviton. In the classical limit, the theory would reduce to general relativity and conform to Newton's law of gravitation in the weak-field limit.[6][7][8]
Gravitons and renormalization
When describing graviton interactions, the classical theory (i.e., the tree diagrams) and semiclassical corrections (one-loop diagrams) behave normally, but Feynman diagrams with two (or more) loops lead to ultraviolet divergences; that is, infinite results that cannot be removed because the quantized general relativity is not renormalizable, unlike quantum electrodynamics. That is, the usual ways physicists calculate the probability that a particle will emit or absorb a graviton give nonsensical answers and the theory loses its predictive power. These problems, together with some conceptual puzzles, led many physicists to believe that a theory more complete than quantized general relativity must describe the behavior near the Planck scale.
Comparison with other forces
Unlike the force carriers of the other forces, gravitation plays a special role in general relativity in defining the spacetime in which events take place. In some descriptions, matter modifies the 'shape' of spacetime itself, and gravity is a result of this shape, an idea which at first glance may appear hard to match with the idea of a force acting between particles.[9] Because the diffeomorphism invariance of the theory does not allow any particular space-time background to be singled out as the "true" space-time background, general relativity is said to be background independent. In contrast, the Standard Model is not background independent, with Minkowski space enjoying a special status as the fixed background space-time.[10] A theory of quantum gravity is needed in order to reconcile these differences.[11] Whether this theory should be background independent is an open question. The answer to this question will determine our understanding of what specific role gravitation plays in the fate of the universe.[12]
Gravitons in speculative theories
String theory predicts the existence of gravitons and their well-defined interactions. A graviton in perturbative string theory is a closed string in a very particular low-energy vibrational state. The scattering of gravitons in string theory can also be computed from the correlation functions in conformal field theory, as dictated by the AdS/CFT correspondence, or from matrix theory.
An interesting feature of gravitons in string theory is that, as closed strings without endpoints, they would not be bound to branes and could move freely between them. If we live on a brane (as hypothesized by brane theories) this "leakage" of gravitons from the brane into higher-dimensional space could explain why gravitation is such a weak force, and gravitons from other branes adjacent to our own could provide a potential explanation for dark matter. See brane cosmology.
Unambiguous detection of individual gravitons, though not prohibited by any fundamental law, is impossible with any physically reasonable detector.[13] The reason is the extremely low cross section for the interaction of gravitons with matter. For example, a detector with the mass of Jupiter and 100% efficiency, placed in close orbit around a neutron star, would only be expected to observe one graviton every 10 years, even under the most favorable conditions. It would be impossible to discriminate these events from the background of neutrinos, since the dimensions of the required neutrino shield would ensure collapse into a black hole.[13]
However, experiments to detect gravitational waves, which may be viewed as coherent states of many gravitons, are underway (e.g., LIGO and VIRGO). Although these experiments cannot detect individual gravitons, they might provide information about certain properties of the graviton.[14] For example, if gravitational waves were observed to propagate slower than c (the speed of light in a vacuum), that would imply that the graviton has mass (however, gravitational waves must propagate slower than "c" in a region with non-zero mass density if they are to be detectable).[15] Astronomical observations of the kinematics of galaxies, especially the galaxy rotation problem and modified Newtonian dynamics, might point toward gravitons having non-zero mass.[16]
Difficulties and outstanding issues
Most theories containing gravitons suffer from severe problems. Attempts to extend the Standard Model or other quantum field theories by adding gravitons run into serious theoretical difficulties at high energies (processes involving energies close to or above the Planck scale) because of infinities arising due to quantum effects (in technical terms, gravitation is nonrenormalizable). Since classical general relativity and quantum mechanics seem to be incompatible at such energies, from a theoretical point of view, this situation is not tenable. One possible solution is to replace particles with strings. String theories are quantum theories of gravity in the sense that they reduce to classical general relativity plus field theory at low energies, but are fully quantum mechanical, contain a graviton, and are believed to be mathematically consistent.[17]
Gravitomagnetism
Planck mass
Static forces and virtual-particle exchange
^ G is used to avoid confusion with gluons (symbol g)
^ Rovelli, C. (2001). "Notes for a brief history of quantum gravity". arXiv:gr-qc/0006061 [gr-qc].
^ Blokhintsev, D. I.; Gal'perin, F. M. (1934). "Gipoteza neitrino i zakon sokhraneniya energii" [Neutrino hypothesis and conservation of energy].
^ Lightman, A. P.; Press, W. H.; Price, R. H.; Teukolsky, S. A. (1975). "Problem 12.16".
^ For a comparison of the geometric derivation and the (non-geometric) spin-2 field derivation of general relativity, refer to box 18.1 (and also 17.2.5) of
^ Feynman, R. P.; Morinigo, F. B.; Wagner, W. G.; Hatfield, B. (1995). Feynman Lectures on Gravitation.
^ Zee, A. (2003). Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell.
^ Randall, L. (2005). Warped Passages: Unraveling the Universe's Hidden Dimensions.
^ See the other articles on General relativity, Gravitational field, Gravitational wave, etc
^ Colosi, D.; et al. (2005). "Background independence in a nutshell: The dynamics of a tetrahedron".
^ Witten, E. (1993). "Quantum Background Independence In String Theory". arXiv:hep-th/9306122 [hep-th].
^ Smolin, L. (2005). "The case for background independence". arXiv:hep-th/0507235 [hep-th].
^ a b Rothman, T.; Boughn, S. (2006). "Can Gravitons be Detected?".
^ Freeman Dyson (8 October 2013). "Is a graviton detectable?".
^ Will, C. M. (1998). "Bounding the mass of the graviton using gravitational-wave observations of inspiralling compact binaries".
^ S. Trippe (2013), "A Simplified Treatment of Gravitational Interaction on Galactic Scales", J. Kor. Astron. Soc. 46, 41. arXiv:1211.4692
Graviton on In Our Time at the BBC. (listen now)
Exotic baryons
Dibaryon
Skyrmion
Exotic mesons
Tetraquark
Central concepts
AdS/CFT correspondence
Causal patch
Gravitational anomaly
Holographic principle
IR/UV mixing
Planck scale
Quantum foam
Trans-Planckian problem
Weinberg–Witten theorem
Black hole complementarity
Black hole information paradox
Black hole thermodynamics
Bousso's holographic bound
Firewall (physics)
Gravitational singularity
in curved spacetime
Bunch–Davies vacuum
Hawking radiation
Semiclassical gravity
Unruh effect
Bosonic string theory
M-theory
Superstring theory
Canonical quantum gravity
Wheeler–DeWitt equation
Euclidean quantum gravity
Hartle–Hawking state
Causal dynamical triangulation
Causal sets
Noncommutative geometry
Spin foam
Group field theory
Superfluid vacuum theory
Twistor theory
2+1D topological gravity
CGHS model
Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity
Liouville gravity
RST model
Topological quantum field theory
Quantum cosmology
Eternal inflation
FRW/CFT duality
Articles with disputed statements from August 2012
All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2012
CS1 Русский-language sources (ru)
Gauge bosons
Hypothetical elementary particles
Magnetism, Maxwell's equations, Chemistry, Quantum mechanics, James Clerk Maxwell
Quantum gravity, Spacetime, M-theory, Supersymmetry, Quantum field theory
Electromagnetism, Energy, Albert Einstein, ArXiv, Quantum gravity
Cornell University, Peer review, TeX, Uniform resource locator, Internet Archive
String theory, Quantum field theory, Quantum mechanics, General relativity, Loop quantum gravity
Electron, Electromagnetism, Matter, Standard Model, Boson
Quantum mechanics, Standard Model, Particle physics, Cern, Higgs Boson

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Meter box and motor starter cabinet installation carried out by the AMG Team this week for a local farmer. Pump supplied and installed by the team at Burnett Water Services! Just waiting for the boys at Ergon and we'll be in business!!


I'll order entries by order of importance so that if you were starting from scratch, you'd start at the top and work your way down. Remember that the Chinese in Canada were not permitted to vote from 1872 to 1948, so there will be no voters lists for this period.
This should probably go in a US-focused section, but it occurs to me that even in 1880, Chinese travelled around. My own great grandfather is rumoured to have worked in San Francisco for a time before coming up to BC… so it's not outside the realm of possibility to have relatives in California.
A good explanation of Chinese surnames, generational names, married names, and nicknames. Ever wondered why so many Chinese women have the middle name Shi or Shee? See my post here. Chinese names rendered in English may be a wide variety of spellings, and still surprise me. For example, I only recently learned that these are the same name: Chu, Chew, Choo, and Joe.
Digitized records from the 13th century to present day, organized by province. The records are in Chinese, but the anglicized names paired with their Chinese characters may be helpful in identifying family names.
A must see. Explains the complicated rules governing Chinese family relations, and helped me understand – finally – why my cousins and I were supposed to be using different names to address our aunts and uncles.
Geography – where are they?
A good intro video of Vancouver's Chinatown through its buildings and history, tracing the past century of Chinese Canadian history. About 15″. Produced by the Initiative for Student Teaching and Research in Chinese Canadian studies (INSTRCC) at the University of British Columbia.
Interactive map of significant places in Asian Canadian culture. Very, very well done.
Bare bones, but if you have some idea of where your ancestors came from, you may be able to find some village information here. If you'd like a how to video, the House of Chinn did one here.
A series of lists of prisoners in Lytton, Nanaimo, New Westminster, Victoria, and Yale. The names for non-white detainees are predictably hopelessly racist ("Ah Sam," "Ah Yee", or "A chinaman") and show a disproportionate number of non-whites to whites, but there's something about reading the lists of offences and fines that I find compelling. I may do a bit of digging into this data at some future point to see what else I can glean.
If you'd like a quick primer on the immigration laws affecting the Canadian Chinese, see my post above.
Until 1953, the Chinese living in Canada had to apply for permission to leave the country if the wished to re-enter. This requirement applied regardless of destination. These Chinese Immigration (C.I.) 9 certificates now offer a rich resource to the genealogist. When I last checked in February, 2018, there were over 42K records available (and I went through them all twice).
Unfortunately, they are not searchable.
A searchable database of records concerning Chinese immigration. From the site: "This database provides access to references to Chinese immigrants who arrived in Canada between 1885 and 1949." Try starting out your search with the least amount of information, and bear in mind that there may be errors in the indexing or the spelling of names.
For those interested in high-quality, downloadable scans of the original records relating to Chinese immigration in BC. These records are in Chinese.
In 2014, the BC government apologized for its treatment of the Canadian Chinese. As a part of that apology, the BC minister for multiculturalism led this initiative to provide educational materials for the BC school curricula for grades 5 and 10. The materials include datelines and profiles of Chinese families. Worth a view.
GREAT database. If only it was for Chinese passengers arriving at Vancouver and staying in Canada. Sigh.
Your ancestor may have done a lot of travel before settling in Canada. The story in my family is that Yip Sang first went to California before BC. Worth a look.
A tremendous free resource of the history of BC with an excellent search engine. Don't be put off by the Victoria emphasis – the British Colonist reported on the news of the day.
A great source of information on Chinese Canadian history, including the library's Chinese Canadian Genealogy section. If the search functions fail you, a call to the librarian might do the trick.
In 1999, Drs. Wallace and Madeline Chung bequeathed their vast collection of CPR and Chinese Canadian memorabilia to the University of British Columbia. Today, the Chung Collection is a rare find of digitized artifacts, an excellent search engine, and a rich trove of artifacts that are free for public viewing. The site hosts thousands of digitized records, but there is much more available for the serious researcher.
Here are the hours if you're in Vancouver and have time to spend. Book ahead to access the collection.
When I step off the metaphorical shores of North America and start digging around in China, I get lost just about immediately. This is a good, comprehensive site if you'd like some deeper explanations for genealogical elements. For example, I learned why all the female members of my family were named Shi.
A labour of love of a whole host of CCNC volunteers, with some good links.
Setting aside the US-specific documents, Alice Kane details good research techniques applicable to Canadian research.
Before you get after me for what looks like an American site, check out the lists of resources here. We might be Canadian Chinese or American Chinese, but we're all working with common issues such as translating Chinese into English, and trying to trace ancestors before they arrived in Gold Mountain.
A quick who's who of Asian-Canadians, from Shaun Majumder (This hour has 22 minutes) to Douglas Jung (Canada's first Chinese Canadian MP). (In other words, it's Asian, not only Chinese.) In my opinion, this is a good start, but it's a little on the thin side, and I think they cheated by lumping all the Chinese Canadian veterans into one bio.
A project of James Flath, a student at the Department of History, Western University, ON, in Feb 2018, this is a ballad celebrating the life of a Canadian who helped found Canada. The unique part – at least to me – is that this is the first ballad-style tribute I have ever heard about a Chinese person. Right now, I'm trying to think of all the cheesy camp songs, Westerns, movies, and music I've heard, and there is not a single one about an Asian of any stripe: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Indian. The fact that it is about Yip Sang is humbling.
Did you know that Facebook is the ideal platform for genealogy? I'm a member of a few genealogy groups that pique my interest. Check out this incredible list of Canadian Facebook groups courtesy of Gail Dever and Genealogy a la carte.
I highly recommend you try joining a few groups that interest you, and ask a question. Or just follow the conversations as they evolve as others ask and answer questions. It's like a realtime classroom. If you've already got a Facebook account, here's the link to the Africa, Asia, Pacific Genealogy group, and here's the link to my own group Genealogy for Asian Canadians, where we try to answer research questions on the fly.


text:
Talk Demystifies Bisexuality
John R. Sylla '81, who works with an organization that funds scientific research on bisexuality, spoke in Adams Upper Common Room last night at an event entitled "Scientific and Social Explorations of Bisexuality."
By Alice E. M. Underwood, Crimson Staff Writer
The air in the Adams Upper Common Room grew stuffy as more than 50 members of the Harvard community crammed in to attend a discussion on "Scientific and Social Explorations of Bisexuality."
After an audience member complained about the heat, speaker John R. Sylla '81, an affiliate of the American Institute of Bisexuality (AIB), said "Yeah, we've got some hot people in this room."
Sylla's discussion—which was sponsored by the Harvard College Queer Students and Allies, the Trans Task Force, and Girlspot—mainly drew on several scientific and sociological studies to address the question of how to understand bisexuality.
The talk, which was part of Gaypril—a month dedicated to celebrating LGBT awareness—also touched on sexual behavior, experimentation, and attraction as components of sexual identity and orientation.
"There are a lot of different theories bouncing around, from bisexuality doesn't exist to everyone is somewhere on a spectrum," said Lucy C. O'Leary '12, political co-chair of QSA and one of the organizers of the event. "This has a lot of relevance because the straight community and the gay community tend to shun bisexual people, and this scientific perspective can help bridge the gap."
Sylla expanded on the ostracism of bisexuals by both gay and straight communities, saying that the gay community tends to see bisexuals as undermining the queer community's struggle for political rights, whereas straight people are often reluctant to question their own sexualities.
But Sylla offered some statistics that challenged the very notions of "gay" and "straight." According to one New York-focused study that Sylla cited, 71 percent of men who reported having sex exclusively with other men in the past year identify as straight, even though their behavior would be termed gay by most observers.
Sylla said that it was important to note that people tend to identify as gay or straight because of a habit of erasing a "middle area."
"We shouldn't have to choose between those two categories," he said. "It would be nice if there were more honest discussion of the gray areas."
Audience member Gillian Einstein, a visiting professor from the University of Toronto and editor of the book "Sex and the Brain," said that society places too much emphasis on sorting people into distinct classifications.
"The big question is why we're so intent on having these categories," she said. "Why can't we just rest with people being what they are?"
Sylla said that his friend and former colleague Fred "Fritz" Klein, a bisexual activist and psychiatrist and founder of the AIB, had an inspiring response to people who came to him exwpressing concern that their feelings or practices were shameful or weird—"That's wonderful!" Klein would reply.
Sylla encouraged all those in attendance to help any friends dealing with secret desires or fetishes to likewise embrace the "wonder" of arousal.
—Staff writer Alice E.M. Underwood can be reached at aeunderw@fas.harvard.edu.
Identity GroupsLGBT


text:
Rupp Arena Provides A Holiday Gift For Hannah-Bound Parents
LEXINGTON (CelebrityAccess MediaWire) — A December 12th Hannah Montana gig at Rupp Arena in Lexington provided parents in attendance with their 'tweens a much-needed respite from the mishigas of the concert by providing a "parents lounge" for them to escape to.
"There are X amount of parents who can only tolerate so much screaming and squealing," Carl Hall, director of arena management at Lexington Center told the Herald-Leader "If you're a mother, you'll admit there is a time when you want a time out."
The lounge plans were elucidated as part of a "how-to" guide to the venue for novice pop concert attendees sent in a letter to ticket holders before the event. Tips included covered such topics as dining choices at the arena and what kinds of cameras were allowed.
The lounge itself provided comfortable space for parents to get a snack, check email, read the newspaper or other parent-related activities.
The idea for Parents lounges isn't entirely new, and they were a frequent feature at events aimed at young teens such as the New Kids On The Block from back in the day but had largely disappeared from the scene until just recently. – CelebrityAccess Staff Writers


Ashley Pavel is a skilled litigator who represents financial services providers in their most high-stakes matters. Ashley is experienced in complex litigation, including class actions and appeals, and regulatory enforcement actions. Ashley also advises clients on regulatory and compliance matters.
Ashley's clients include financial services providers such as national banks, lenders, and mortgage servicers. Ashley currently represents the Puerto Rico Fiscal Agency and Financial Advisory Authority in connection with Puerto Rico's historic Title III restructuring proceedings.
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Ashley holds a Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP/US) credential through the International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP).
Ashley believes that effective advocacy requires cultivating a deep understanding of her clients' business operations and objectives.


With a growing number of economists predicting a recession in the United States within the next two years, investors may want to start to load up on so-called defensive stocks. Economic recessions, after all, tend to go hand in hand with steep downturns in the broader markets.
With this theme in mind, we asked three of our Motley Fool contributors which defensive stocks they think are worth buying ahead of the next market crash. They picked BioMarin (NASDAQ: BMRN), Waste Management (NYSE: WM), and Walmart (NYSE: WMT). Here's why.
Depressed-looking businesswoman sitting on a chair with a downward pointing red arrow in the background.
George Budwell (BioMarin): Recession-proof equities are a rare breed. Not many companies run operations that are essentially independent of the economy, after all. But that's what sets the orphan-drug specialist BioMarin apart from the crowd.
With seven drugs indicated for rare diseases already on the market and two more in late-stage development, BioMarin is poised to become an elite orphan drugmaker within the next decade. Why does this matter?
Orphan drugs are highly prized commodities within the pharmaceutical industry for a number of reasons. First off, these drugs rarely face pushback from third-party payers, even though these products tend to be some of the most expensive medicines on the market. Secondly, a fair number of these drugs are absolutely essentially to a patient's welfare. You can't simply skip a treatment in most cases -- making these products extremely reliable sources of income for their manufacturers. Last but certainly not least, orphan drugs generally have much longer shelf lives than their non-orphan peers. Rare-disease manufacturers, in turn, aren't nearly as vulnerable to patent expires as traditional pharma companies.
Why BioMarin in particular? BioMarin has an excellent track record at bringing important new orphan drugs to market in a timely fashion. Last year, for example, the company grabbed its seventh regulatory approval with the phenylketonuria treatment called Palynziq. This latest addition to its impressive product portfolio is expected to help boost the company's 2020 sales by a whopping 15% year over year. The best part is that the overarching economy should have little impact on BioMarin's growth trajectory.
Keith Noonan (Waste Management): Waste Management's business might not be very exciting, but "boring" can be one of the best characteristics to look for when you're hunting for stocks that might actually be worth buying ahead of a potential market crash. The company's dependable, low-risk business model makes it the type of stock that investors could flock to in the event that the broader market takes a bearish turn.
When it comes to hauling trash and operating landfills, Waste Management looks primed to continue enjoying what effectively amounts to a regional monopoly, and these industries shouldn't feel much pressure from a potential economic downturn. Shares might not look cheap trading at roughly 23 times this year's expected earnings, but the company has a strong business and operates in industries with very high barriers to entry -- and these characteristics should ensure the company is able to keep growing.
Waste Management also pays a dividend, with its yield coming in at roughly 2% and the company having raised its payout on annual basis for 15 years straight. Again, not the most exciting dividend profile in the world, but it's a solid yield for a recession-proof company that's delivering regular payout growth. So while the trash hauling and storing business won't be shedding its less-than-glamorous reputation anytime soon, an encouraging outlook for the business and more dividend growth suggest that Waste Management stock could continue to be a winner.
Jeremy Bowman (Walmart): While most investors would rather buy stocks after the market crashes than before, it doesn't hurt to be prepared. One stock that could even benefit from the next recession is Walmart.
The retailer that invented Everyday Low Prices still lives by its reputation for savings today so the company tends to do better than most when consumers tighten their purse strings. With more than half of domestic sales coming from groceries, Walmart also sells mostly essential items that consumers need to buy no matter what the economy is like. Moreover, Walmart is a Dividend Aristocrat, having raised its quarterly payout every year since 1974, and today offers a dividend yield of 2.1%.
If Walmart's strengths as a defensive stock aren't enough, the retail giant could even benefit from the next recession or market crash as it will likely hit its rivals harder. For instance, a number of retailers are already closing stores and even teetering on bankruptcy and a recession would only hasten that process, giving Walmart an opportunity to gain market share, especially in rural America.
The company has also recently gone on a shopping spree for digitally native brands like Modcloth, Bonobos, Bare Necessities, and others, and a market crash could force more of them to put themselves up for sale as it will get harder for them to raise funding and find customers.
Though Walmart's sales could be pressured by a recession, there are a lot of reasons to think that the retail giant could emerge in an even stronger position when the economy recovers.
George Budwell has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. Jeremy Bowman has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. Keith Noonan has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool recommends BioMarin Pharmaceutical. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


text:
Election 2012: Policy Perspectives -- Jobs, Debt and the U.S. Economy
A key mission of the Baker Institute is to bridge the gap between the world of ideas and the world of action. The "Election 2012: Policy Perspectives" series seeks to do that by providing a nonpartisan forum for discussion and debate of the key issues in this year"s U.S. presidential race.
"Election 2012: Policy Perspectives" includes events, policy reports and social media campaigns that connect Baker Institute experts with the public on timely, relevant topics -- such as jobs, the economy and health care.
The United States is facing a fiscal and economic crisis, which the next administration must navigate. At this event, Baker Institute fellows will examine the potential economic effects of various policy options, including tax and spending reform, available to the next presidential administration. In addition, the discussion will consider the stimulus vs. austerity debate in light of other countries' economic experiences. A moderated question-and-answer session will follow the presentations.
Speaker John Diamond
John W. Diamond, Ph.D., is the Edward A. and Hermena Hancock Kelly Fellow in Public Finance at the Baker Institute, an adjunct professor of economics at Rice University and CEO of Tax Policy Advisers, LLC. His research interests are federal tax and expenditure policy, state and local public finance, and …
John W. Diamond, Ph.D., is the Edward A. and Hermena Hancock Kelly Fellow in Public Finance at the Baker Institute, an adjunct professor of economics at Rice University and CEO of Tax Policy Advisers, LLC. His research interests are federal tax and expenditure policy, state and local public finance, and the construction and simulation of computable general equilibrium models. His current research focuses on the economic effects of corporate tax reform, the economic and distributional effects of fundamental tax reform, individual portfolio allocation in the 2000s, and various other tax policy issues. He is co-editor of "Fundamental Tax Reform: Issues, Choices and Implications" (The MIT Press, 2008). Diamond is the forum editor for the National Tax Journal and has served on the Joint Committee on Taxation, United States Congress (2000-2004). He has also served as a consultant on the efficacy of structural adjustment programs to the World Bank. He received his Ph.D. in economics from Rice University in 2000.
Speaker Russell A. Green
Russell A. Green, Ph.D., is the Will Clayton Fellow in International Economics at Rice University's Baker Institute. He is also an adjunct professor in the Economics Department, where he teaches undergraduate international finance. Green's current research focuses on financial market development in emerging market economies, financial inclusion and Indian developmental …
Russell A. Green, Ph.D., is the Will Clayton Fellow in International Economics at Rice University's Baker Institute. He is also an adjunct professor in the Economics Department, where he teaches undergraduate international finance. Green's current research focuses on financial market development in emerging market economies, financial inclusion and Indian developmental challenges. His writing regularly appears in op-ed pages of prominent American and Indian newspapers.
Prior to joining the Baker Institute, Green spent four years in India as the U.S. Treasury Department's first financial attaché to that country. His engagement in India primarily focused on financial market development, India's macroeconomy and illicit finance, and also included diverse topics such as cross-border tax evasion and financing global climate change activities. He worked with counterparts in India's government to develop the U.S.-India Economic and Financial Partnership, launched in 2009 by Indian Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee and U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner.
Green was previously the deputy director of the U.S. Treasury's Office of International Monetary Policy, where he led efforts to strengthen International Monetary Fund exchange rate policies and international reserve management. He started his tenure at Treasury in the Office of Quantitative Policy Analysis, focusing on emerging market vulnerabilities and debt sustainability analysis. His economic research has addressed bank regulation, financial liberalization, international reserve accumulation, bilateral investment treaties and the economics of international reproductive health. Green speaks Spanish and Japanese and holds a B.A. from Pomona College and a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.
Mon, Oct. 8, 2012
6 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.
James A. Baker III Hall, Rice University
Doré Commons


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text:
Home News Soon, You Can Enter Airports in India With No ID Thanks to Digi Yatra Facial Recognition
Soon, You Can Enter Airports in India With No ID Thanks to Digi Yatra Facial Recognition
Nadeem Sarwar - Last Updated: October 5, 2018 7:02 pm
Soon, you'll be rid of paper-based IDs at Indian airports and pass through checkpoints by using just your face, thanks to facial recognition technology. The Indian government has announced the Digi Yatra initiative which aims to reduce the passenger processing time at airports by using biometric data for ticket, boarding and identity verification.
The Ministry of Civil Aviation says it will create a centralized registration system where users need to submit details such as their name, email ID, mobile number and a government-issued identity proof to create a Digi Yatra ID. The Digi Yatra ID will be linked to a flight ticket at the time of booking and the same will be used to share the passenger's information with a database at the airport.
Users who create a Digi Yatra ID will have to undergo a one-time verification at the departure airport where their biometric data will be recorded and stored in a profile that will be used for authentication in the future.
Registered users will just have to scan the code of their ticket at a checkpoint to create a token that combines their biometric data and ticket information. The virtual token will then be used at all checkpoints without any paperwork.
When Will It Start?
The government aims to install facial recognition systems at the Bengaluru and Hyderabad airports in February next year. By April 2019, the biometric verification system will be used at Kolkata, Varanasi, Pune and Vijayawada airports, eliminating the hassle of carrying paper-based IDs, and then getting them verified at different checkpoints. However, the physical security check will still be mandatory.
Aside from paper-less travel, users will also get real-time notifications about flight status and will also be informed when the security check of their luggage has concluded.
TAGS Digi YatraIndia
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5G Services Will Be Deployed in 20-25 Cities by Year-End: IT Minister
India Bans VPN and Cloud Services for Govt Employees: Report
India will Finally Conduct 5G Spectrum Auctions on July 26


text:
Date: 19 June [1882][1]
13. Tite Street - Chelsea -
Dear Mr. Graves -
I am so pleased to hear of the safe return from America of my Mother's portrait[4] - and take this occasion to thank you again for the kind courtesy you have shown about it - Will you kindly have it sent down to me here in the morning tomorrow if at all possible - as I am anxious to show it to some people who come in the afternoon - I had already spoken to Mr Algernon[5] about it - Also I will send you very soon a [p. 2] cheque on account of the two Nocturnes [6]you were so good as to send -
Very truly yours
J. McNeill Whistler.
Monday June 19th - '1882'
1. 19 June [1882]
The almanac confirms that 19 June was a Monday in 1882, which is the year added in another hand at the end of the letter.
'1882' written in another hand at end of letter, beside date.
4. Mother's portrait
Arrangement in Grey and Black: Portrait of the Painter's Mother (YMSM 101) was one of two pictures deposited by Howell as security on a loan of £100 from Graves (A. Graves to JW, 9 September 1878, #01797). It had been on show at Special Exhibition of Paintings by American Artists at Home and in Europe, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, 1881-1882, and 5th Annual Exhibition, Society of American Artists, New York, 1882. A. J. Eddy said 'on good authority' that it was offered for sale in New York at $1200 and found no buyer (Eddy, Arthur Jerome, Recollections and Impressions of James A. McNeill Whistler, Philadelphia and London, 1903, p. 54).
5. Mr Algernon
Algernon Graves (1845-1922), of H. Graves and Co., print dealers [more]. See his letter to JW dated 10 June 1882 (#01807).
6. two Nocturnes
Possibly including Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket (YMSM 170) and Nocturne: Black and Gold - The Fire Wheel (YMSM 169). It is not absolutely certain which Nocturnes were pawned to Graves, as security of a loan of £85. This was not repaid for at least a decade, according to Graves' account sent to JW in December 1888 (Graves to JW, #01827).


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Home Interviews	Interview: Ben Is Back's Courtney B. Vance
Interview: Ben Is Back's Courtney B. Vance
written by Leora Heilbronn December 13, 2018
Written and directed by Peter Hedges, Ben is Back chronicles 24 hours in the lives of a suburban family (played by Julia Roberts, Courtney B. Vance, Mia Fowler, Jakari Fraser and Kathryn Newton, respectively) whose quiet Christmas weekend is upended when family member Ben (Lucas Hedges, in a career-best performance) returns unexpectedly from drug rehab. Premiering to critical acclaim and positive audience buzz at the recent Toronto International Film Festival, the visceral film is a realistic look at drug addiction and the ripple effect it can cause in families and communities everywhere.
During the festival we had the wonderful opportunity to sit down with Emmy and Tony Award winning actor (and recent Grammy nominee too!) Courtney B. Vance to talk about his appreciation for Peter Hedges and Vance's personal connection to the story.
The following is a condensed and edited version of our roundtable discussion.
What did you like best about working with Peter Hedges, Julia Roberts, Kathryn Newton and Lucas Hedges?
Courtney B. Vance: Peter was very impassioned and passionate about the subject matter. When he called me about the role he was very emotional about the subject matter, so I knew that he'd create an environment where we'd all become family immediately, and that's what happened. We were a family. What you see on the screen is a result of Peter setting us up for success. You could tell this project was really successful because we didn't want to leave each other. After we shot for a day and we went down to the lobby and had dinner, we didn't want to leave and we didn't want to say goodbye. So that's when I knew that it was special. That's what Peter did; he will never admit that he had anything to do with it, that it was all us, but this is his world and he set this up for us. So I give it back to him and say thank you. And I love Julia Roberts, and I have for a number of years. But Julia wouldn't have bought in if she didn't hear or believe your passion. And that's what all of us responded to – his emotional involvement and connection with this topic and this issue. I'm just grateful that he wrote it.
You've worked in many different mediums. How does your preparation process for each role differ?
CBV: I remember for Lucky Guy, I tried to do a lot of research but there was nothing to be found on him (James "Hap" Hairston), so I had to kind of back into him and listen to everything that director George C. Wolfe said about him. For Johnnie Cochran for American Crime Story, I could have looked at all the footage, but I thought that would put me in my head too much. So I chose to read the book a couple of times, and then I found a kernel in there and I said "I'm going to trust that that's enough to propel me in." So it really depends. A play is different than film, and film is slower, and you have more time with television, so it depends. Ultimately it really comes down to knowing just enough so that we can get in there and play. Then you can see what the other actors and director and production designer, what everybody is bringing, and then you leave room for the magic to happen.
You had previously said that this topic of addiction is very important to you. Can you elaborate on that sentiment?
CBV: I think that it's important to all of us. In this country, we're in a place now where it's not just an inner city issue now, it's front and centre in all of our communities, and it probably always has been. I think these days we seem to want a pill for everything, that a pill will make you better, and the issue is below the surface – the river that runs through us. We've gone as far as we can go with this and we've got to step back and recognize that we're in trouble. This film really allows us all to go "it's all of our problems, not just those people over there."
I had a double knee replacement a year ago and whenever I have surgery I tend to not to want to take the medication, I just want to be clean about it. After about a week I had this anxiety, I said "what is that?", and I recognized that it was the medication that I'd been taking a little bit too long, and I needed to get off of it. I'd only been taking it a month, maybe twenty days, so I can imagine people who were in it for a year how difficult it may be to get themselves off of it. So it's a very real problem and we need to talk about this issue.
In the film your character is the hard-nosed realist, whereas Julia's character is very much about the unconditional, but tough, love. Where do you think you fall on that spectrum and which do you think is more realistic?
CBV: I think they both have to be there. I think there are instances, and my wife and I deal with this in our lives with our children, where sometimes you have to be there as a soft cushion for them to fall into, and sometimes you say "yeah you can fall in here, but after we've done this, let's talk it through. You did this, but what are some other options that you could have done so that the next time this comes up, and it will come up again, eventually you have to be able to do this yourself; you have to be able to navigate." We're really about raising children and young people to be fully functioning and eventually take over. My mother just passed last year from ALS and they saw me take over for her because she couldn't anymore. I had to make decisions for my mother with my sister. So as children they saw that, and they still had to go into grandma and tell her what their day was like. So that process, the circle of life, things all go around in a circle. Some days may not be your best day, but it is a day and we'll get through it to the other side of it. With the village, with help, we can push through and deal with just about anything. It's really about children knowing that, at the core, they're loved, and based on that, we've got to deal with this issue. If they know that it's a loving situation, we can ride through any storm.
Ben is Back opens in Toronto on December 14
Interview: Ben Is Back's Courtney B. Vance was last modified: December 13th, 2018 by Leora Heilbronn
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In the past decades, several studies have evoked sedimentary structures formed by upper-regime flows, including antidunes and cyclic steps. Yet, a substantial gap remains in our understanding of these structures and their significance. Most of our knowledge on bedforms such as antidunes and cyclic steps still comes from flume experiments since their identification and interpretation from the stratigraphic record remain sparse. That is, at least in part, due to a low preservation of deposits associated with high-energy events. Commonly reported examples include antidunes and cyclic steps formed by catastrophic free-surface flows, subaqueous density currents, pyroclastic density currents, and katabatic winds.
The objective of this session is to bring together experimentalists, numerical modelers and field geologists with an expertise in sedimentology, fluid mechanics and related disciplines to shed some light on the genesis and sedimentary patterns of these sedimentary structures and the complex flow-sediment interaction that forms them.


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PAK vs SA | Pakistan vs South Africa Live Match
PAK vs SA
PAK vs SA Who will win? – We've got the match schedule and live updates on the Cricadium cricket score blog.
We also provide match predictions, reviews, and match results. Whether you're a cricket fan or not, this match will be one to watch.
And don't forget to follow us on Twitter and Facebook to get the latest updates. Here's what we're talking about:
2-1 lead for Pakistan
A 2-1 lead in the One-Day International series is good for PAK, but the hosts can't maintain that advantage.
Pakistan lost the second match in Johannesburg to lose the series. Rizwan and Babar combined for a 197-run stand in 17.4 overs.
Babar became PAK top ODI scorer after surpassing the 111 not out of Ahmed Shehzad against Bangladesh in 2014.
SA bowlers failed to control the batting conditions, and PAK needed a three-figure score from one batsman to get back in the match.
The tourists were unable to do so, as Babar Azam and Mohammad Rizwan put on a 197-run partnership, the highest partnership ever in a T20I. Babar and Rizwan will now be seeking a century for the series.
Babar Azam's batting masterclass against South Africa gave PAK a 2-1 lead in the four-match T20I series.
The Pakistani opener scored 122 runs off 59 balls, while a superb half-century by Mohammad Rizwan put the visitors on the board.
The unbeaten 73 by Rizwan was a landmark century for PAK and a superb start to the series for the hosts.
Mohammad Rizwan struck a century on his debut against SA, making his maiden T20I century.
The two combined for a 197-run partnership. PAK then chased the target of 204 with nine wickets to spare and won the T20 series 2-1.
The visitors' bowlers struggled to keep pace with the Pakistani openers, allowing the hosts to post an impressive total of 220 runs in the first Twenty20I match.
Babar Azam's 122
The batting performances by PAK are unmatchable. Babar Azam's 122-ball knock included 15 fours and four sixes and took PAK to victory. In the previous game, Babar had scored 100 runs in 50 balls, but his innings was a little short of the total.
Imam ul Haq scored an unbeaten 89, but he was not even close to Babar's total. The Pakistani bowlers also failed to deal with the batsman's stroke play.
The 122-run knock from Babar Azam against SA is the highest individual score by a Pakistani batsman.
He and Mohammad Rizwan forged a 197-run partnership that helped PAK chase down the target.
Babar's century was the highest individual score by a Pakistani batsman and took PAK to the finals of the three-match T20I series.
In the t20I series, Babar Azam's 122 is the highest score by a Pakistani captain in a run chase. Babar Azam also holds the record for the fastest century in a T20I – he took a mere 14 balls to score his century.
He is the only Pakistani to have five centuries in a T20I, with Dawid Malan next. Babar Azam's innings against SA has been overshadowed by the ODI series win.
The Pakistani captain hit a record 122 off 59 balls to lead his team to victory against SA. The innings marked Babar Azam's maiden T20 century and helped Pakistan to win the series by nine wickets.
Babar Azam and Mohammad Rizwan stitched a century-plus opening stand. They were unbeaten when Azam was dismissed in the 18th over.
Mohammad Rizwan's 73*
Mohammad Rizwan's unbeaten 73 off 113 balls lifted PAK to a winning total of 213 in the first one-day international in Johannesburg.
PAK opener had scored 193 in the second one-day international at the same venue, making 27 off 19 balls before being caught behind off Tabraiz Shamsi (two for 29).
Rizwan said he had modelled his innings after Fakhar's and that he had been told to bat until the end.
The unbeaten 73 by Mohammad Rizwan against SA was one of the most outstanding performances in recent memory.
The opener had been fasting throughout the month of Ramadan and yet he managed to score so many runs.
His knock also surpassed Ahmed Shehzad's 111 not out against Bangladesh in 2014.
The Pakistani openers came in brimming with confidence and hit some timely boundaries, but the SA were unable to respond.
They finished the match on 203 for five and need to win the final T20I to tie the series. However, Rizwan and Babar combined for 197 runs and gave PAK the victory. In the second T20I, South Africa were unable to defend their target, having opted to bat first.
The 73* by Mohammad Rizwan helped PAK win the T20I series against South Africa. Rizwan opened the innings with Babar Azam and remained unbeaten.
Babar Azam and Rizwan put on an unbeaten 133-run opening stand in the third T20I, despite the fact that Rizwan was fasting.
Babar Azam's sensational 73*
If you missed Babar Azam's sensational 74* in PAK vs SA, you are not alone. Babar Azam has earned praise from Pakistan cricket fraternity on Twitter for his brilliant innings.
His remarkable 73* helped PAK beat SA by nine wickets. Babar Azam scored 15 fours and four sixes, which was more than enough to get the team over the finish line.
The third Twenty20 International between PAK vs SA ended in a thrilling game in the middle overs, with PAK winning by nine wickets.
Babar, who is ranked first in ODI batting, also made his debut in T20s. His 73* knock surpassed Mohammad Rizwan's 73 not out, and his 122 off 59 balls helped PAK chase down a challenging target.
Earlier in the day, Babar Azam, who had scored a sensational 73* in a T20I, was out for a duck after being caught behind on the boundary.
Rizwan hit a boundary to mid-on off the bowling of Shadab Khan, who was not available because of a knee injury.
After his century in the first T20I, Babar Azam smashed a career-best 122 runs, his highest score in T20Is.
His opening stand of 197 with Mohammad Rizwan is the highest T20I partnership by a Pakistani batsman.
This record opening stand is the highest in T20I run chases for PAK. Babar's innings came with an opening stand of 197.
Mohammad Rizwan's sensational 122
Mohammad Rizwan's sensation 122 against South Africa is the highest Test score by an Australian player.
The former opener scored 73 not out while fasting in the second innings. Rizwan has an impressive record against the South Africans, making him the 18th Pakistani to be named in Wisden Cricketers of the Year.
The Pakistani team is currently ranked number three in the ICC Test rankings.
After Babar Azam was out for nought off the first ball of the match, Rizwan shone with the bat. His unbeaten 74 off fifty balls earned him the Player of the Match award.
Rizwan then hammered a couple of sixes off South African spinner Junior Dala on his way to fifty. However, South Africa's attack crumbled when the Pakistani bowlers invited them to bat.
After SA top-scorer Reeza Hendricks was out on ninety-six, Rizwan took a wicket from the other end.
After Babar and Rizwan smashed a sensational 122 in PAK third Twenty20 international against SA, Pakistan won the match by nine wickets.
Mohammad Nawaz, who is a World Cup winner, took two wickets for his side. Mohammad Rizwan surpassed Virat Kohli's world record of 204 in a test match, despite being the second highest Test scorer.
Babar Azam and Mohammad Rizwan put on a record 197-run partnership. Babar's 62 off fifty balls was a fine start to PAK innings, while Rizwan's 73 off forty-nine were the key to the successful chase.
Babar and Rizwan's 197-run opening stand is the highest T20I partnership of any Pakistani opening duo.
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BITCOINCANNABISCRYPTOCURRENCYETFSEARNINGSFIXED INCOME
FUTURESOPTIONS
Energy Stocks End Bleak Year on Up Note
Williams and Allegheny get some good news in a sector that had little of that in 2002.
Melissa Davis
Dec 31, 2002 5:48 PM EST
Energy traders found some cause for celebration at the end of this long, disastrous year.
California -- which has long painted energy traders as greedy villains -- declared peace Tuesday with a former major foe. The state formally ended its standoff with
(WMB) - Get Williams Companies, Inc. Report
by finalizing a settlement package, valued at $1.64 billion, with the Tulsa-based company.
Under the settlement, California stands to save up to $1.4 billion -- or 32% -- on a $4.3 billion long-term power contract inked with Williams at the height of the state's power crisis in 2001. The settlement also calls for Williams to pay $150 million in cash over the next eight years and turn over six generating turbines, valued at $90 million, to settle lawsuits accusing the company of unfair business practices.
For Williams -- a one-time giant struggling to rebuild -- the peace is worth the price.
"This agreement removes significant uncertainty from our company and preserves substantial value in our California energy contracts," Williams CEO Steve Malcolm said in announcing the finalized deal on Tuesday. "The agreement is an important step toward our goal of reducing the financial risk and liquidity requirements related to our energy marketing and risk management business."
Williams investors, delighted by the news, started their New Year's Eve celebration early. They sent the stock shooting to a $2.70 close, following a 19% gain for the day.
The rally swept up other troubled energy companies as well.
Dynegy
(DYN)
, which joined Williams in a close brush with bankruptcy earlier this year, jumped 16% to $1.18.
(ILA)
Mirant
(MIR)
also tacked on gains of more than 5%.
Even so, the entire sector has a long way to go before it can recover the billions of dollars in market capitalization it lost during this tumultuous year.
But Williams, with its usual optimism, predicted brighter days ahead.
"Ending the year with a finalized, favorable agreement with California is a major achievement for our company," Malcolm said. "This agreement, combined with significant financial progress, provides momentum for us to move forward in 2003."
Another troubled energy company --
Allegheny Energy
(AYE)
-- also benefited from some positive end-of-the-year news. The company, faced with a Dec. 31 refinancing deadline, secured a third extension from its lenders on Tuesday. It now has two more weeks to pound out a $2 billion financing package needed to meet its debt and business obligations.
Between now and then, Allegheny said, the company must work to address outstanding defaults and amendments to existing facilities -- which could include a
restrictive bond indenture examined by
TheStreet.com
last week. Absent success on these fronts, the company's future could look grim.
"As the company noted earlier this month," Allegheny stated Tuesday, "if it is unable to successfully complete negotiations with these lenders, including arrangements with respect to inter-creditor issues, it would likely be obliged to seek bankruptcy protection."
Investors, relieved by a fresh bit of breathing room, pushed shares of Allegheny higher. The stock climbed 4.3% to end the year's last session at $7.56. Still, the stock commands only 20% of the price it fetched when 2002 began.
InvestingStocks
By Sean Sechler


text:
Q: MKAnnotationView tap on title I want to customize my annotation view to show something like the image below. My questions are:
1) How can I customize the annotation view?
2) How can I make the app do something when user tap on the title? or tapped anywhere in the annotation view? if making it specific to the title is not possible!
I have added
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView, annotationView view: MKAnnotationView, calloutAccessoryControlTapped control: UIControl)

but it does not get called!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Founders' Guide to Thrive: The Journey of GaragePlug
Posted on November 26, 2020 November 27, 2020 by Sanskriti Bhatnagar
The best way to learn is to learn from other's experiences.
In this week's edition of Founders' Guide to Thrive in association with Intuit Circles, we spoke to Rohit Bhatnagar, Co-founder, GaragePlug, member of Intuit Circles, about his journey and how having a supportive community has helped him through COVID.
GaragePlug is a pioneer in automotive workshop management software globally. Founded in 2017 by automobile industry veterans, they are on a mission to be a one-stop-shop for software solutions in the industry. Rohit describes GaragePlug as an "automotive cloud platform for the aftermarket Automotive Service industry on a subscription model, primarily focused on the Middle East market."
GaragePlug's journey has been nothing short of a spectacle! They want to build a platform for a connected ecosystem in the automotive aftermarket where all stakeholders in the industry- the owners, workshops, and suppliers all have a common platform to connect on. While they're at it, they're looking to help multi-brand outlets and service centres grow.
Rohit and his co-founder, Ashish Shrivastav– an Automotive Domain Expert & Ex- Toyota Kaizen leader, realised that there was a gap while working at their previous organisation, where they interacted with automotive workshops on a daily basis. Having seen the need and demand for it, they capitalized on the opportunity in 2017. Shubhra Srivastava, the third Co-Founder and now CEO, joined the founding team to double-up the energy and help in Global Expansion. Soon after her addition to the team, GaragePlug saw a sudden jump in revenues and growth in a short span of time!
When they started, they spoke to over 200 workshop owners- talking to them about the challenges they face- and attending their workshops and meetings around the country. He talks about associations in Karnataka that dealt primarily with owners and technicians of 2-wheelers, with close to 25,000 registered members out of which 5,000 would regularly attend these workshops and meetups.
What also helped was their experience in the industry as they were then able to apply all that they had learnt from their time. In great detail, Rohit explains how the workshops were managing inventory and daily operations on old-school Excel sheets. However, one thing they noticed was that they all had and were well-versed with their smartphones. Not only that, 4G was now beginning to be used widely. This is where they realised that their platform would fuse technology with the requirements of these owners, and so, GaragePlug was born.
Initially, their product was simple and catered specifically to the Indian market. It was as simple as WhatsApp for these people to use it on their smartphones. With only 2 functions- issuing invoices and creating orders- to their app, GaragePlug gradually became a big hit with their target demographic. In their first week, they received three annual subscriptions and that pushed them to continue developing the application to conquer the market.
In close to a year, they had over 100 workshops on their platform.
After receiving their first enquiry from the UAE in 2018, the GaragePlug team redirected their attention to a new territory. The problem there was similar to the one at home- they were using accounting software to help manage their workshops. So, they took on this challenge and built their product further to address global needs.
When they ventured into the UAE, their product had to meet government mandates as well as a bit of a language barrier. They had built a multi-lingual facility for the Indian version and were easily able to tackle the Arabic on their application too. This also helped in their popularity amongst the Arab workshops, as there was nothing like a workshop management system available to them in the past. With GaragePlug, these workshops were able to bring back customers, and so their entire user base became reliant on their software for practically everything- from operations to accounting.
GaragePlug is now home to over 500 Workshops in 12 countries, with thousands of users relying on the platform for daily operations. They plan to expand to the United States in 2021/2022, the leader in the automotive industry and are very optimistic about their future.
GaragePlug & Intuit Circles
Rohit talks about how COVID made the situation for GaragePlug a matter of survival. While they were trying to increase their revenue streams, a lot of people on Intuit Circles recommended that GaragePlug look to expand to other countries given their success in the Middle East.
So, once again the team redirected their attention to markets like Singapore and Australia, which were beginning to open again. "Our philosophy is that every new market is a new product-market fit for you," Rohit says and continues talking about how they studied the market and now have 50+ customers in those regions. "In difficult times they really helped us get into new geographies and kept our base strong."
Rohit had nothing but praises for the kind of support that the GaragePlug team received from the community at Intuit Circles. "What happens is many times you would need support, you may be feeling low, you may be having some difficulties, you would probably need a shoulder, you'll probably need somebody to help you out. And having such communities really help you in sorting out your problems."
He added that having an ecosystem of startups and having a community of like-minded founders really helps speed up a lot of things and helps you feel supported and motivated.
Started with serving independent service centres, GaragePlug is now adding value to some of the big Auto OEMs and Lube companies of the world
Intuit Circles is a strategic startup ecosystem engagement initiative by Intuit, that facilitates business growth and knowledge for startups through smart-tech. It aims at powering prosperity for startups by providing for some of their biggest needs. If you're a startup looking for a supportive community to help you grow your business, sign up on Intuit Circles today.
Thank you so much for reading, do read about launching a product during a crisis here.
Sanskriti Bhatnagar
Headstart Network Foundation
Lead Generation and Sales for SaaS and B2B start-ups
Founders' Guide to Thrive: Arjun Pillai's Cardinal…
Powering Prosperity for startups through Intuit…
Founders' Guide to Thrive: How to effectively manage…
Founders' Guide to Thrive: Customer Development
The Story of MiStay — A Travel Startup Taking On the…
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These days it's easier for parents to live a greener lifestyle and teach their families to be environmentally conscious. There are so many ways that you can make a difference and make small lifestyle changes in order to help save and protect the earth. For moms this includes buying products that are eco-friendly, making your own natural products, and making the effort to do things a little differently than what you're used to. Families can start by making one simple change for each month in 2014. By introducing these changes into your families' lives gradually, it makes the transition to a greener lifestyle easier for kids and parents so everyone will be excited to adopt these changes.
Parents should be paying attention to the materials that make up the products they buy for their kids. Often these products contain harmful ingredients and chemicals that are not safe for children. Always check the labels when purchasing baby and children's products. Avoid items containing polyurethane foam which is often treated with toxic fire-retardant chemicals. Look for eco-friendly, hypo-allergenic, and non-toxic products made from organic materials with low-impact dyes.
Every weekend parents can make the decision to not use the car at all and opt to walk or use their bike. Many times parents rely on their cars for every little trip, even if it's just to drive a few blocks away to a friend's house or to the park. Making the sacrifice to not use the car one day a week encourages families to go out into the fresh air and get some exercise. Plus it saves money on gas while reducing emissions that contribute to global warming.
Instead of using plastic bags that can be dangerous to the environment and have chemicals that can leach into food, opt for glass containers or reusable bags. Use bags that are eco-friendly, washable and BPA and Phthalate-free. Reusable bags are much more convenient and safe for storing lunch and snacks for kids when they are chemical-free. These bags can also be used for all kinds of storage to organize clutter and can be washed numerous times while remaining durable.
Using green cleaning products for the home ensures the safety of your family and pets. These cleaning products contain no harmful chemicals that are dangerous for your health and can cause allergies and skin rashes. You can even use some items you already own at home to make your own natural cleaners. Use eco-friendly cleaning products and laundry detergents that are super-safe for your home, are all-natural and great for those with sensitive skin.
Motion sensor lights can detect when someone enters and leaves a room so they automatically turn on or off. With these lights you will never forget to turn the lights off again so they automatically save energy for you and they're great for kids who can't remember to turn the lights off when they leave a room. Light dimmers also save energy while they are in use by using less electricity and they can save you money in the long-run.
You can reuse all of the paper in your home for kids' art projects, wrapping paper and more. Use old magazines to make fun collages and old memos and note paper for kids to draw on. Make a printing mistake? Don't throw the paper away! Have a bin nearby for recyclable paper. When ordering take-out, let the restaurant know that you do not need them to send napkins, plastic utensils, condiments or anything else you already have. Finally, opt for dry-erase boards for writing down messages and notes to the family so you don't have to use memo pads.
If your kids have gently-used clothes and toys they have outworn, donate them to a local thrift store or Salvation Army store so another family can use them. You can donate all sorts of items to these stores, so clean out those closets and pantries, and make one big trip to the store. This is a great family activity and teaches children the importance of giving back.
A clothes dryer may be convenient but it also results in an expensive electric bill. It can use more energy than any other appliance in your home. Start hanging your laundry on a clothes line to dry to cut down on costs and electricity. Did you know that in most homes in Russia and France they only have washing machines? Everyone hangs their clothes to dry all year round.
Buying local is a great way to save; food is fresher and tastes better. Plus, you'll know exactly where your food is coming from and it's healthier for you. When you buy local you're supporting sustainability and farms with eco-friendly practices.
Get your kids to practice recycling regularly by setting up different colored recycling bins in the home. Teach kids which types of items go in each bin and what is not allowed in the bins. Show them the labels on items that indicate the item is recyclable and make a game out of it so kids have fun learning. And recycle plastic grocery bags by taking them back to the grocery store and placing them in the appropriate bin. Buy and use recyclable shopping bags for your grocery runs.
The Energy Star program is sponsored by the EPA and the Department of Energy and it rates different household appliances and items. An item with an Energy Star label guarantees the item is energy efficient. By using Energy Star products you use about 30% less energy than the average household.
Growing your own fruit and vegetables at home can save you a lot of money and provides your family with healthy, nutritious food. You don't need a big space to grow a garden and it has an immensely positive impact on the environment. Use eco-friendly methods to maintain your garden, like composting and collecting water in a rain barrel.
San Diego Bebe® was designed by San Diego native Sandy Clark, a passionate breastfeeding advocate and mother of twins. Clark was inspired at a San Diego beach one day where she witnessed a young mother unsuccessfully nursing her baby. As the mother struggled to keep a blanket across her shoulder while her baby wailed from heat and hunger, Clark vowed then and there to design a product that would help resolve the issue of privacy while nursing. San Diego Bebe® was born that day.
San Diego Bebe® Eco-Nursing Pillow is the healthiest and most innovative nursing pillow on the market. Made with virgin polyfiber Eco*Loft™, a non-toxic and hypo-allergenic foam-alternative, it's void of harmful chemicals. It's also recyclable and eco-friendly. San Diego Bebe® is available in two versions, for nursing one baby or twins. The entire line is baby-safe, and is covered with deluxe plush fabrics including organic cotton.
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