text:
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✤ROAD TO MISS UNIVERSE 2020 Iris Salguero⚈⚈MISS UNIV BELIZE✤
1386 posts • Page 45 of 47 • 1 ... 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47
Re: ROAD TO MISS UNIVERSE 2020►Kamilla Serikbay⚈⚈⚈KAZAKHSTAN
by DUBROVNIK » Tue Jan 05, 2021 7:55 am
PREDICTIONISTS are known to give sharp & accurate pageant forecasts.
Date of Birth: 23 Jan 1997
Profession: Employee - Part time librarian
Hobbies/Interests: International current events, trips, Classic songs
(´・ω・`) Many rumors say that the 69th edition of Miss Universe will take place in the first Trimester of 2021.
"There are so many schedules of events and activities also being disclosed which show that the Crowning finale gala might happen either in February or at the end of March next year."
BUT IT'S JUST A RUMOR Every year rumors about the headquarters appear but until an official statement from the Miss Universe Organization appears,
nothing can be believed.
South African beauty queen Zozibini Tunzi was crowned the winner on 8 December, 2019, and despite the obstacles brought on by Covid-19 said
that she has been able to "do a Lot" during her reign.
Tunzi told Channel 24: "Everyone knows a big part of my job naturally is to travel and to do the hands-on-work in countries all over the world.
The question was= What's is Miss Universe's job stays the same."
Zozibini Tunzi has been reigning for a year and a month.
Currently, Leila Lopes (of Angola) holds the record for the longest Miss Universe Reign, holding the title for 464 days - from 12 September 2012 until 18 December 2012
It is still unclear whether the Miss Universe dates that follow will be shifted to accommodate the 2020 winner's shorter reign.
It will also be the edition with the fewest number of candidates since 1988. It is estimated that only 66 or 69 girls will compete.
(´・ω・`) To date 65 delegates have been selected:
Last edited by DUBROVNIK on Tue Jan 05, 2021 11:30 am, edited 1 time in total.
by DUBROVNIK » Tue Jan 05, 2021 1:00 pm
Last edited by DUBROVNIK on Tue Jan 05, 2021 2:00 pm, edited 1 time in total.
by aieseifer » Tue Jan 05, 2021 1:08 pm
I have a sixth sense.. I can see stupid people
aieseifer
AMBASSADORS represent their country.
Real Life Name/Nick: Raymee
Sexual Orientation: Asexual
Profession: Heartbreaker!
Western Zodiac Sign: Taurus
Chinese Zodiac: Rooster
Hobbies/Interests: For me to know and for you to find out..
Message: Suckseed!
MISS UNIVERSE CZECH REPUBLIC 2020Klára Vavrušková (´・ω・`) The organization of Ceská Miss Essens appointed Klára Vavrušková as their official representative to Miss Universe 2020. The diva succeeds Miss Universe Czech Republic 2019 Barbora Hodacová for the title.
The announcement was made via Ceská Miss Essens' social media and she is very excited to take over the crown duties.(´・ω・`)
After being appointed, Klára took to her social media and mentioned: "I´m so honored I will represent my country on Miss Universe 2020. Thank you for this amazing opportunity Ceská Miss Essens."
BIOHailing from Kostelec nad Orlici, Klara is 21-years-old and stands 5 ft 9 in (1,75 cm) tall and is a student of Biology and Chemistry, and had emerged as one of the strongest candidates to represent the Czech Republic at Miss Universe 2020 stage.
She is also a professional model; on asking about one advice that she'd like to give to the aspiring young models, she mentioned: "I would say that everything in life should be tried. Such competition can only give you. You will meet a lot of new people; you will experience many adventures and maybe it will change your life. Now I have friends all over the world and I'm looking forward to meeting together again."
She also mentioned on her social media that she is very grateful for the opportunity she has received which helped her to work on herself not only as a model but as a person.
PageantryKlara is not new to the world of beauty pageants as she was crowned Czech-Slovak Miss 2019 and represented the Czech Republic at Miss Earth 2019 where she was crowned Miss Earth Water 2019 at the end of the event finale.
After winning the crown of Miss Earth Czech Republic 2019, Klara mentioned that it has always been a dream of her to represent her country on the international stage.
Wherewith Miss Earth's platform she was able to work in the society for the environment, the pageant fanatics feel that with Miss Universe's platform she will be able to take her advocacy to a broader stage.
The new Miss Universe Czech Rep. has a positive nature paired up with an enchanting and attractive personality which has impressed everyone.
She strongly believes: "Everyone should contribute to the protection of the environment. Whether it's sorting waste, saving drinking water, reducing disposable plastics, etc."
She is strong, confident, and determined to mark her standing on the international stage.
She is very optimistic towards life and believes that if one works hard for what they want, they will get it eventually.
She is very passionate about using the platform to make a good and positive impact on society.
She describes herself as sharp, determined, and confident to win the title.
Handsama wrote:
Handsama wrote: MISS EARTH WATER 2019 - Klára Vavrušková
Klára Vavrušková is our new Miss Earth Czech Republic. She was also the major winner of the night earning the title of Czecho-Slovak Miss 2019 (chosen by jury and public).
Gratulujeme!
Handsama wrote: Lordy!
MISS UNIVERSE SPAIN 2020Andrea Martínez Fernández
BIO(´・ω・`) Hailing from León, Andrea Martínez Fernández is 27-years-old. Green eyes and brown hair, stands 5 ft. 11 in. (1,80 cm) tall
and is a Business Administrator in addition to having completed a master's degree in project manager.
Andrea speaks fluent English, Italian and French. She loves sports, music, fashion, and anything related to the coast and the sea. She played for the women's basketball team of Castile and León in the Spanish junior and cadet championships preselected for the U15 European championships with the national team.
She is very excited to take over the crown duties as Miss Universe Spain 2020 and prepare herself for representing her country at Miss Universe 2020 stage.
Pageantry(´・ω・`) Andrea is not new to the world of pageantry as she competed in Miss España 2015 and was placed at Top 10 by the end of the event finale.
is also a fan of former Miss Universe queens including; Dayana Mendoza, Catriona Gray, Pia Wurtbach, Iris Mittenaere and Zozibini Tunzi.
They are the characteristics that most often draw her attention and she see them accentuated in them. She has mentioned that she decided to participate at Miss Universe Spain 2020 only after she did her research work and discovered the advocacies and empowerment enabled by the competition.
Andrea described herself as honest, hardworking, and a loyal woman who has her focus on winning the title.
After several years facing bullying, Andrea has been able to build herself a career which helps her to advocate about stop bullying.
Andrea declares: "I'm very happy. I hope I can be the example of many girls, not only because of the story of overcoming bullying, but also as a transgressive woman, with strength and desire to take over the world.
I want to pay tribute to Amparo Muñoz, returning to Spain that crown that has not set foot on our land since her victory in 1974."
She feels that beauty reflects what one is from the inside rather than on the outside and beauty pageants have helped her to understand that.
Andrea believes that her inner strength is her superpower and she has assured that she is going to perform her best at Miss Universe 2020 stage and make the people of Spain proud.
by heathers » Thu Jan 07, 2021 1:31 am
JA_pageantGuru wrote:
Jamaica is in it to win it!
THERE IS ALWAYS AT LEAST ONE PLAIN HEATHER.
MISSOSOLOGISTS are OFFICIALLY part of the MISSOSOLOGY FAMILY.
Real Life Name/Nick: heathers 1, 2, 3 and 4
Sexual Orientation: Bicurious
Profession: actors (working, but not famous). we are legion.
Hobbies/Interests: fashion. staying in character as the heathers.
Message: hi heather, its me . . . heather
by ritikapal » Thu Jan 07, 2021 8:14 am
Adline Quadros Castelino for Kingfisher Calendar 2021
From her recent dance shoot
ritikapal
PIONEERS are the most experienced members of Missosology.
Location: Gurgaon
Real Life Name/Nick: Ritika Pal
Date of Birth: 29 Oct 1992
Profession: Working
Western Zodiac Sign: Scorpio
Hobbies/Interests: Reading
Message: Write a message here
by DUBROVNIK » Thu Jan 07, 2021 11:00 am
MISS UNIVERSE JAPAN 2020Aisha Harumi Tochigi
(´・ω・`) This Monday, January 5, Aisha Harumi turned splendid 25 years old! (´・ω・`)
by DUBROVNIK » Thu Jan 07, 2021 3:00 pm
CONGRATULATIONS CAT!
(´・ω・`)______This Wednesday, January 6, Catriona turned splendid 27-years-old!________(´・ω・`)
by Boricua21 » Fri Jan 08, 2021 4:04 pm
Puerto Rico - Estefania Soto Torres.
Nellys Pimentel - Miss Earth 2019
Boricua21
ELITES are highly regarded as FINEST posters of Missosology.
Location: Coamo,PR
Real Life Name/Nick: Boricua21
Date of Birth: 07 Aug 1988
Profession: Student
Western Zodiac Sign: Leo
Hobbies/Interests: Listen to Music and Beauty Pageants
Message: "Voy a reir, voy a gozar, vivir mi vida la la la la"
by LorenaMaddy04 » Fri Jan 08, 2021 6:15 pm
LorenaMaddy04
Real Life Name/Nick: Lore
Profession: physiotherapist, reiki master and so on..
Chinese Zodiac: Tiger
Hobbies/Interests: parapsychology, transpersonal psychology, artss
Message: I love beauty pageants and to promote my beautiful country...
by JA_pageantGuru » Sat Jan 09, 2021 12:07 am
JA_pageantGuru
Location: St. Andrew, Jamaica
Western Zodiac Sign: Aquarius
Hobbies/Interests: Pageant & Sports
by Clorentine » Sat Jan 09, 2021 1:51 am
My favorites are: Jamaica (i hope she wins, she is a doll, Jourdan Dunn sister), My girl Costa Rica (she will kill that runway, obliterate them all), Czech Republic (i just love her), Romania (one of my sentimental favorites), Brazil, Nicaragua, Perú and i don´t know why but i like Myanmar
Clorentine
Location: Costa Rica
Profession: My hobbies
Chinese Zodiac: Goat
Hobbies/Interests: Boss people around
Message: Im here to criticize haha, thats what you all do right!!??
Costa Rica - Ivonne Cerdas
by DUBROVNIK » Sat Jan 09, 2021 7:20 am
Clorentine wrote: My favorites are: Jamaica (i hope she wins, she is a doll, Jourdan Dunn sister), My girl Costa Rica (she will kill that runway, obliterate them all), Czech Republic (i just love her), Romania (one of my sentimental favorites), Brazil, Nicaragua, Perú and i don´t know why but i like Myanmar
Good selection!! the beauty queens of Romania and Czech Rep. are the most beautiful in Europe.
I also had Miss Brazil on my favorites list but I took her out because she passed Plastic Surgery!
Re: ROAD TO MISS UNIVERSE 2020►Anshika Sharma MISS UNI NEPAL
keyss wrote: MUO hasn't crowned a blonde since 2004 and it doesn't really go with their current agenda so I'm having a hard time picturing her as the winner.
I wouldn't mind at all if by some chance she does win. It would actually be refreshing!
Your theory is very interesting. In 2019 I was sure that the winner would be a Black Beauty, and I thought that the delegates of USA and Ireland would reach a high position. In the Final Classification, Ireland did not qualify
Absolutely no one guessed that Zozibini would be the winner (maybe because Demi-Leigh's victory was very recent).
IMG is unpredictable and they always have the last word to decide who will be the winner. Will it be a blonde girl?? or maybe a Latina?? Asian queen??
Whatever will be, will be The future's not ours to see.....
by DUBROVNIK » Sat Jan 09, 2021 6:00 pm
MISS UNIVERSE ARGENTINA 2020Alina Luz Akselrad
Return to Mister Global


text:
Immediate Distant Action and Correlation in Modern Physics: The Balanced Universe
Author: Pope, N. Vivian, Anthony D. Osborne and Alan F. T. Winfield
The author advances and extends the debate on unmediated instantaneous action and correlation at a distance. It is a coherent collection of contributions, by an international group of science scholars, resulting from a series of workshops held at the University of Wales, Swansea, in 2001 and 2002. The editors of this book share a common view that action or correlation at a distance is simply a fact of nature. From that starting point, it offers a number of different arguments, analyses and theoretical perspectives. The book does not represent the end of the debate, but rather a beginning, which could lead to a new physics and a more accurate view of nature.
"This book is the record of a follow-up workshop to earlier discussions for and against so-called Action at a Distance. For the follow-up it was decided to bring together some of those who were 'for,' so as not merely to reproduce the former arguments. What is interesting, important and surprising about this is that such a selection of participants did not result in an arid overall agreement. Instead, it produced worthwhile differences to stimulate a further synthesis ... the careful argumentation in these and the other papers makes this an important source alike for those in general agreement and for those who differ." – (from the Preface) Professor C.W. Kilmister, King's College, London (retired)
"How do scientists conduct a debate? Alas, most of the time, they do not. The normal business of science is to proceed with an accepted paradigm about Nature, and work to a detailed knowledge of its many aspects and ramifications. It is an exceptional activity to challenge the accepted paradigm, and the techniques for doing it are rarely exercised. We have on record very few examples of such debate. This book provides one of these rare examples for study by all ... To survive a debate on paradigm, we have to behave in a civilized manner. This book is civilized. It has opinion polls, data, details, and well-considered position papers composed after the authors have heard and discussed the range of opinions. In a time when all aspects of our culture are dominated by entrenched partisans ... this is a pretty good model to adopt!" – (from the Commendatory Preface) Cynthia Kolb Whitney, Visiting Industry Professor, Tufts University Electro-Optics Technology Center
"The cultivation of alternative interpretations of accepted norms is a necessary activity in science. There must be free and open debate, and it is important to explore alternative expositions which may be needed to deal with new discoveries. These excursions into possible alternatives are generally the concern of a minority – but a necessary one ... This book explores alternatives, and in so doing shows why physics need philosophical insight and the perspective of history when assessing them ... challenges the advocates of particular expositions to justify the claims they make for them, and to give the reasons why other alternatives should be dismissed. These papers record one praiseworthy programme, promoted in this compilation which pursues this essential goal of physical science." – Dr. M.C. Duffy, Visiting Research Fellow, University of Sunderland, UK
Preface by C.W. Kilmister
2.	What the Swansea Workshop Was About
3.	A Reiteration of Aims and Objectives - Viv Pope
4.	Towards a Consensus - Anthony D. Osborne
5.	A Tale of Two Paradigms - Viv Pope
6.	The Evidence and Consequences of Newtonian Instantaneous Forces - Neal Graneau and Peter Graneau
7.	A Perspective on Mach's Princple and the Consequent Discovery of Major New Phenomenology in Spiral Discs - David F. Roscoe
8.	A Short Essay on Closed Systems, Hierarchy and Radiation - George Galeczki
9.	The Pope-Osborne Angular Momentum Synthesis - Anthony D. Osborne
10.	How to Get Something From Nothing - Peter Rowlands
11.	Further Developments
12.	General Conclusion
Epilogue: Tribute to Alan M. Smart
Other Archeology Books
2002 - Quaker Approaches to Moral Issues in Genetics
1996 - MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE CURRICULUM CHANGE IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
1999 - First Cosmonaut. The Story of His Life and Death
>> See all our Archeology books

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
About Castro & Co.
Attorney's Name
Castro & Co Videos
The Benefits of Social Security Totalization Agreements
by John Anthony Castro, J.D., LL.M.
Contact us today to schedule a free consultation by clicking here.
The President of the United States may enter into agreements establishing totalization arrangements between the U.S. social security system and the social security system of any foreign country for the purposes of establishing entitlement to and the amount of old-age, survivors, disability, or derivative benefits based on a combination of an individual's periods of coverage under the U.S. social security system and the social security system of such foreign country.[1]
On or after the effective date of the agreement, to the extent that employment or self-employment (or service recognized as equivalent) under the U.S. social security system or foreign system is covered under the agreement, the agreement will provide that the work or equivalent service be subject to payment of contributions or taxes under only one system. The system under which contributions or taxes are to be paid is the system under which there is coverage pursuant to the agreement.[2]
A U.S. employer is relieved of its obligation to make payments under a foreign affiliate employee coverage agreement, with respect to services performed by U.S. citizens or residents employed by a foreign affiliate, when it enters into a totalization agreement with the foreign country where such services are performed, under which agreement the wages of such employees working for the foreign subsidiary in the foreign country become subject to taxes for social security purposes under the social security system of the foreign country.[3]
The provision of the Social Security Act allowing for totalization of the periods of coverage for an individual under the social security systems of the United States and a foreign country is permissive; it does not require that all periods of United States and foreign coverage should be combined.[4]
Required Provisions of Totalization Agreements
Any agreement establishing a totalization arrangement must provide:
(1) that in the case of an individual who has at least six quarters of coverage under the U.S. social security system and periods of coverage under the social security system of a foreign country which is a party to the agreement, those periods of coverage may be combined with periods of U.S. coverage and may be considered for purposes of establishing entitlement to, and the amount of, U.S. social security benefits;[5]
(2) that employment or self-employment, or any recognized equivalent service, must, on or after the effective date of the agreement, result in a period of coverage under either the U.S. social security system or the foreign system, but not under both;[6] and the methods and conditions for determining under which system employment, self-employment, or other service will result in a period of coverage;[7] and
(3) that where an individual's periods of coverage are combined, the U.S. social security benefit payable must be based on that proportion of the individual's periods of coverage that was completed under the U.S. social security system.[8]
In addition, a totalization agreement may provide: (1) that an individual who is entitled to U.S. social security benefits may receive them while he or she resides in a foreign country which is a party to the agreement, regardless of the nonpayment provisions with respect to aliens residing abroad;[9] and (2) other provisions that are not inconsistent with other provisions of the Social Security Act and which the President deems appropriate to carry out the purposes of the totalization provisions.[10]
An agreement may not provide for combining periods of coverage under more than two social security systems.[11]
Each agreement must contain provision for its possible termination. If an agreement is terminated, entitlement to benefits and coverage acquired by an individual before termination will be retained. The agreement will provide for notification of termination to the other party and the effective date of termination.[12]
Countries With Which the U.S. May Enter Into Agreements
The United States will only enter into totalization agreements with countries having an appropriate social security system.[13] The term "social security system" means, with respect to a foreign country, a social insurance or pension system which is of general application in the country and under which periodic benefits, or their actuarial equivalent, are paid on account of old age, disability, or death.[14] To negotiate with the national government of the foreign country, its social security system must be in effect. This means the system is collecting social security taxes or paying social security benefits.[15]
Countries With Which the U.S. Currently has Agreements
The U.S. has currently has totalization agreements with Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the U.K., and Uruguay. You can access the full texts of each agreement by clicking here.
Coverage Restricted to Country Wherein Worker is Employed or Self-Employed Resides
While particular agreements may vary on coverage rules, the Social Security Administration (SSA) has set forth general principles for precluding dual coverage.[16] An agreement precludes dual coverage by assigning responsibility for coverage to the U.S. or a foreign country, and an agreement may modify the coverage provisions of Title II of the Social Security Act to accomplish this purpose.[17] Generally, if the work would otherwise be covered by both countries, an agreement will exempt it from coverage by one of the countries.[18] An agreement will provide that a worker will be covered by the country in which he or she is employed and will be exempt from coverage by the other country,[19] but it may provide exceptions so that a worker will be covered by the country to which he or she has the greater attachment.[20]
If a national of either the United States or the other country resides in one country and has self-employment income that is covered by both countries, the agreement will provide that the person will be covered by the country in which he or she resides and will be exempt from coverage by the other country.[21] A person resides in a country in which he or she has established a home intending to remain there permanently or for an indefinite period of time.[22] Generally, a person will be considered to have established a home in a country if that person assumes certain economic burdens, such as the purchase of a home or establishment of a business, and participates in the social and cultural activities of the community.[23] Once residence has been established, it may continue even if the person leaves the country for six months or less.[24] Residence may be considered to continue if the absence is for more than six months only if there is sufficient evidence establishing that the person intends to maintain the residence, such as maintaining a home or apartment in that country, the departure from the country with a reentry permit, or the existence of a business or family associations sufficient to warrant the person's return.[25]
Agreements may provide for variations from the general principles for precluding dual coverage to avoid inequitable or anomalous coverage situations for certain workers. However, in all cases, coverage must be provided by one of the countries.[26]
Exception from Coverage Rules for Persons Temporarily Working Abroad
The basic exception under most totalization agreements from the rule that an individual working in a country is subject to the coverage laws of that country is if a worker is temporarily working in the second country, he or she remains subject to the coverage rules of the first country; such workers are generally considered to be temporarily in the country where they are working if the employment in the other country is expected to last no longer than five years.[27] However, this five-year period may be extended, upon request to the appropriate agency and upon agreement by both countries.[28]
In the case of Italy, any work performed by a U.S. national that is covered under the Social Security Act remains covered but is exempt from Italian coverage.[29] An Italian national or a dual (U.S./Italian) national must elect coverage under either the U.S. or Italian system.[30]
Other Exceptions from Coverage Rule
Special exceptions from coverage are written into most totalization agreements with regard to government employees and maritime or air transportation employees. With respect to government employees, the agreements provide that the categories of persons mentioned in the Vienna Conventions on Diplomatic Relations, governing members of the staff of a diplomatic or consular mission, are not affected by the coverage provisions of the agreement.[31] That is, a person who is employed by the government of one country and is sent to the other country is covered by the country that employs him or her, while a person who is hired locally to work for a government will generally be covered in the country in which the employment takes place.[32]
Exceptions for coverage also apply to maritime and air transportation workers.[33] The rule of exception may vary according to the agreement. Thus, a person may be subject to coverage depending on the flag that the ship on which he or she works flies or where the air transport business for which he or she works is headquartered,[34] or where the person resides.[35]
All agreements contain a provision for a request for special exceptions. These provisions are intended for unforeseen situations and both countries must agree that the worker must remain covered by one of the countries. The applicant may apply to either of the two countries, but must convince the two countries that an exception is appropriate.[36]
Obtaining an Exemption from Social Security Taxes Under Totalization Agreements
Under some agreements, proof of coverage under one social security system may be required before the individual may be exempt from coverage under the other system.[37] Requests for certificates of coverage under the U.S. system may be submitted by the employer, employee, or self-employed individual to the Social Security Administration (SSA).[38]
A certificate of coverage serves as proof that the worker identified on the certificate is covered in the country which issued the certificate and is, therefore, exempt from social security taxes in the other country for the period noted on the certificate.[39]
The information needed for the issuance of a certificate from either the U.S. or the foreign country with which the U.S. has entered into a totalization agreement depends on the terms of the agreement, but usually includes: (1) the full name of the worker; (2) the date and place of birth; (3) the country of citizenship; (4) the country of the worker's permanent residence; (5) the U. S. social security number; (6) the individual's social security number or equivalent insurance number from the foreign country; (7) the nature of activity (if self-employed); (8) the name and address of the employer or self-employment activity; and (9) the beginning and ending date of employment or self-employment in the other country.[40]
The Social Security Administration sends duplicate copies of the certificates of coverage it issues on behalf of qualified U.S. workers to the requesting U.S. employers and it is the employers' responsibility to make a copy available to the tax authorities in the other country, if requested to do so, in order to prove the workers' foreign tax exemption.[41]
Obtaining an Exemption from FICA Taxes Under Totalization Agreements
To substantiate an exemption from both employer and employee Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes where wages are subject to taxes under a foreign social security system and coverage under that foreign system is selected under a totalization agreement between the United States and a foreign country, an employer must obtain a certificate of coverage from a duly authorized official or agency of the foreign country.[42] The certificate of coverage must show: (1) the employee's name and, if available, his or her address and taxpayer identification number; (2) the employer's name, address, and taxpayer identification number, if any; (3) the existence of an agreement between the foreign country and the U.S. under which wages received by or paid to the employee are subject to the foreign country's social security tax; and (4) the date on which the agreement became applicable and its termination date, if a termination date has been determined.[43]
No particular form is prescribed for the certificate, which should be retained in the employer's files.[44] A certificate is evidence of an exemption from FICA taxes and should be available if the IRS questions why taxes were not withheld. The exemption from the FICA taxes applies to wages paid on and after the effective date of the totalization agreement.[45]
The certificate of coverage is a certification that the person named on the certificate is subject to the social security laws of the country issuing the certificate and exempt from coverage in the other country.[46] A certificate of coverage issued by another country serves as proof that the designated worker is exempt from U.S. social security coverage and taxes.[47] If the worker is an employee, the foreign certificate should be retained in the office of the U.S. employer in case the IRS questions why the company is not withholding and paying FICA taxes for the worker.[48]
If the foreign country will not issue the requisite statement, an employer or employee should secure a statement issued by the SSA Office of Research, Statistics, and International Policy, stating that the employee's wages for a particular period, including the beginning date and, if determined, the ending date, are not covered by the U.S. social security system.[49]
Substantiating Exemption from SECA Taxes Under Totalization Agreements
To substantiate an exemption from the taxes imposed by the Self-Employment Contributions Act (SECA), a self-employed individual or his or her representative[50] should obtain from a duly authorized official or agency of the foreign country involved a certificate of coverage which shows: (1) the individual's name, address, and taxpayer identifying number; (2) the existence of an agreement between the foreign country and the U.S. under which the individual's self-employment income is subject to taxes or contributions under the foreign country's social security system; and (3) the date on which the agreement became applicable and its termination date, if a termination date has been determined.[51]
No particular form is prescribed for the certificate.[52] A copy of the certificate or other suitable substantiation must be attached to the individual's federal income tax return for each year the agreement is in effect. The taxpayer should enter "Exempt, see attached statement," on the line designated for self-employment tax liability on the taxpayer's income tax return.[53]
The certificate of coverage is a certification that the person named on the certificate is subject to the social security laws of the country issuing the certificate.[54] The exemption applies to that portion of the taxpayer's net earnings from self-employment that is attributable to that portion of the taxable year that occurs on or after the effective date of the agreement.[55] Thus, for a taxpayer using the cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting the SECA tax liability for the taxable year is determined by computing the taxpayer's net earnings from self-employment for such year without regard to the exemption and then eliminating any of such amount that results from an excess of income received over deductions paid by the taxpayer on and after the date the agreement becomes effective.[56]
If a foreign country will not issue the requisite statement, the individual should secure a statement issued by the SSA Office of Research, Statistics, and International Policy, stating the individual's earnings for a particular period, including the beginning date and, if determined, the ending date, are not covered by the U.S. Social Security System.[57]
Exchange and Disclosure of Information Under Totalization Agreements
Each totalization agreement provides that the Social Security Administration (SSA) and the social security agency in the other country party to the agreement must furnish each other with information needed to adjudicate claims filed under the agreement.[58] A routine use statement published in the Federal Register authorizes the SSA to disclose such information from designated systems of records to the social security authorities in an agreement country.[59] The SSA may provide the social security agency of an agreement country with information about an individual without obtaining the individual's written consent, provided that the information is from one of the systems of records specified in the routine use statement published in the Federal Register and the foreign agency needs the information to adjudicate a claim filed under the agreement, or the information must be provided to the foreign agency for the SSA to obtain information it needs from that agency's records to adjudicate a claim for U.S. totalization benefits.[60]
The SSA's policy is that personal information that it receives from a foreign country in administering a totalization agreement is given the same protection as other sensitive personal information regarding a worker which it maintains in its records.[61] Personal information will only be disclosed if federal law specifically requires disclosure, and does not specifically prohibit such disclosure.[62] If disclosure of such information, including tax-related information, is neither specifically required nor prohibited by federal law, the principles of the U.S. Freedom of Information Act apply.[63] The public interest in maintaining the confidentiality of such information by avoiding clearly unwarranted invasions of personal privacy is also taken into account to ensure the agreement's effective implementation.[64]
If you believe you are entitled to the benefits under any applicable totalization agreement, please contact us to schedule a free consultation by clicking here.
John Anthony Castro, J.D., LL.M., is the Managing Partner of Castro & Co., the author of International Taxation in Plain English, an esteemed graduate of Georgetown University Law Center in Washington DC, an OPM Fellow at Harvard Business School, and an internationally recognized tax attorney with offices in New York, Los Angeles, Washington DC, Miami, and Dallas.
Footnotes with Legal Authority Citations
[1] 42 U.S.C. § 433(a).
[2] 20 C.F.R. § 404.1915.
[3] Rev. Rul. 79-232.
[4] See Georgiou v. Apfel, 50 F. Supp. 2d 913 (E.D. Mo. 1999), aff'd, 242 F.3d 374 (8th Cir. 2000).
[5] 42 U.S.C. § 433(c)(1)(A).
[6] 42 U.S.C. § 433(c)(1)(B)(i).
[7] 42 U.S.C. § 433(c)(1)(B)(ii).
[8] 42 U.S.C. § 433(c)(1)(C).
[9] 42 U.S.C. § 433(c)(2).
[10] 42 U.S.C. § 433(c)(4).
[11] 20 C.F.R. § 404.1910(a).
[12] 20 C.F.R. § 404.1905.
[13] 42 U.S.C. § 433(a).
[14] 42 U.S.C. § 433(b)(1).
[16] 20 C.F.R. § 404.1913(b).
[17] 20 C.F.R. § 404.1913(b)(1).
[27] See, e.g., SSA POMS RS 02001.115(B) (Germany), SSA POMS RS 02001.165(B) (Switzerland), SSA POMS RS 02001.205 (Norway), SSA POMS RS 02001.270(A) (Belgium), SSA POMS RS 02001.315(A) (Canada); SSA POMS RS 02001.370(A) (United Kingdom); SSA POMS RS 02001.420(A) (Sweden); SSA POMS RS 02001.470(A) (Spain); SSA POMS RS 02001.525(B) (France); SSA POMS RS 02001.565(B) (Portugal); SSA POMS RS 02001.614(B) (Netherlands); SSA POMS RS 02001.662(B) (Austria).
[28] See, e.g., SSA POMS RS 02001.207 (Norway), SSA POMS RS 02001.280 (Belgium), SSA POMS RS 02001.315(B) (Canada).
[29] SSA POMS RS 02001.065(B)(1).
[31] See, e.g., SSA POMS RS 02001.170(B) (Switzerland); SSA POMS RS 02001.201(A) (Norway); SSA POMS RS 02001.270(C) (Belgium); SSA POMS RS 02001.315(D) (Canada); SSA POMS RS 02001.370(C) (United Kingdom); SSA POMS RS 02001.420(B) (Sweden); SSA POMS RS 02001.470(C) (Spain); SSA POMS RS 02001.528 (France); SSA POMS RS 02001.567 (Portugal); SSA POMS RS 02001.620 (Netherlands); SSA POMS RS 02001.668 (Austria); SSA POMS RS 02001.725 (Finland).
[33] See, e.g., SSA POMS RS 02001.120 (Germany); SSA POMS RS 02001.270(D) (Belgium); SSA POMS RS 02001.315(E) (Canada); SSA POMS RS 02001.370(D) (United Kingdom); SSA POMS RS 02001.420(C), (D) (Sweden); SSA POMS RS 02001.470(D), (E) (Spain); SSA POMS RS 02001.526 (France).
[34] SSA POMS RS 02001.270(D), (E) (Belgium).
[35] SSA POMS RS 02001.315(E) (Canada).
[36] See, e.g., SSA POMS RS 02001.075 (Italy); SSA POMS RS 02001.130 (Germany); SSA POMS RS 02001.180 (Switzerland); SSA POMS RS 02001.209 (Norway); SSA POMS RS 02001.275 (Belgium); SSA POMS RS 02001.320 (Canada); SSA POMS RS 02001.375 (United Kingdom); SSA POMS RS 02001.430 (Sweden); SSA POMS RS 02001.480 (Spain); SSA POMS RS 02001.540 (France); SSA POMS RS 02001.575 (Portugal); SSA POMS RS 02001.630 (Netherlands).
[39] SSA POMS RS 02001.005(A).
[40] See, e.g., SSA POMS RS 02001.325(B) (Canada); SSA POMS RS 02001.385(B) (United Kingdom); SSA POMS RS 02001.695(C) (Austria); SSA POMS RS 02002.048(C) (Australia).
[41] SSA POMS RS 02001.005(C).
[42] SSA POMS RS 02001.005(B).
[43] Rev. Proc. 80-56.
[50] SSA POMS RS 02001.005(D)(1).
[58] SSA POMS GN 01702.510(A).
[60] SSA POMS GN 01702.510(B).
[62] Soc. Sec. Rul. 82-42, 1982 CE 80.
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(CCCB – Ottawa)… The Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops (CCCB) today released a pastoral letter on freedom of conscience and religion. Issued by the CCCB Permanent Council, the letter expresses concern about an "aggressive relativism" in Canada that seeks to relegate religion to the private sphere.
The CCCB Permanent Council serves as the CCCB administrative board. Currently composed of 12 Catholic Bishops from across the country, it is responsible for overseeing the activities and policies of the Conference between the annual meetings of the Plenary Assembly of all the Bishops of Canada, and approving how the decisions and recommendations of the Plenary Assembly are implemented.


There are plenty of things people in Williamson can carry out to maintain their property in as good of shape as is possible, although mold is one challenge that could be a little tougher to avoid. To comprehend the true reasoning behind this, many people in Williamson, WV must realize that mold is a form of microbe that flourishes in humid conditions. Many people in Williamson, West Virginia make the big oversight of thinking that as long as their carpets and rugs do not encounter any kind of water that they are safe from the misery of mold, but unfortunately this isn't the truth by any means. The fact is, mold can even appear in Williamson homes of homeowners who've had no water leakages or spills. Simply because there is not any water spilled does not mean a thing as there are loads of other circumstances that can quite easily be a catalyst for mold growth in Williamson, WV without you even knowing it. Williamson mold inspection services such as 123 Mold Testing can help discover the source of the problem if you think that you may have mold. Attain a quote for mold testing in Williamson, West Virginia by dialing and have us conduct mold testing and black mold testing in your home.
Most Williamson, West Virginia homeowners don't recognize that a detailed mold inspection is a necessity. A qualified mold inspector in Williamson_WV is aware of where to take a look in order to find issues conducive to mold development. The majority of people in Williamson, West Virginia are astonished to discover the sorts of places that mold can emerge. When picking a mold inspector, always ask if they are "licensed" as a mold specialist around Williamson. Becoming a licensed mold inspector around Williamson, WV signifies that they have gone through the training that is necessary of them and are proven to have the knowledge to perform the job successfully. Should you want air quality testing and black mold testing done within Williamson, then an established mold inspection company will have the capacity to deal with those as well. For mold testing on your Williamson house just call to talk with an approved professional immediately.
If you happen to have a home in the Williamson, West Virginia vicinity, then 123 Mold Testing advises that you have a complete mold inspection performed to include a detailed home inspection, uncover the source of the mold, and be presented with the options to get it removed. If there is a substantial quantity of mold in your Williamson home then you need to know that it can be very bad for your health. When first exposed, a lot of people throughout Williamson don't show very clear signs and symptoms of a mold reaction. For example, somebody in Williamson, WV might experience a modest headache or a weird sensation in their stomach. However, things can turn for the worst in an instant, so hiring a mold inspector throughout Williamson to do a mold test is important. If you need a mold inspection done on your Williamson, West Virginia business then don't hesitate to call us at .
Mold is Incredibly Hazardous- Call Today!
If you are hunting for a smart investment that will last for many years and bring lots of value, then take a look at buying a house around Williamson, WV. Mold inspections are quickly becoming typical procedure in real-estate transactions throughout Williamson. Even the real estate brokers throughout the Williamson, West Virginia region understand just how important black mold testing can be when it is time for you to buy. If mold is located in the Williamson residence then this can be extremely harmful to the deal. When selling a property around Williamson, many sales are lost, and property values are lessened, as a consequence of the presence or smell of mold. The odor of mold causes lots of buyers throughout Williamson, WV to move on. When this happens it's quite likely that your Williamson, West Virginia house will be for sale for a long time which can affect its resale value. If you are a real estate agent around Williamson then having a mold free certificate can provide you with a lot of power. After a person has signed a contract, mold is the last thing that they wish to discover inside their new Williamson, WV residence. Prior to deciding to go purchase a Williamson, West Virginia property you need to speak with mold testing services like 123 Mold Testing which can be reached by dialing .


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How Manufacturers Can Reach Architects and Contractors in 2022
by Smarter Building Materials Marketing
A crucial key to making your brand an industry leader is by differentiating it from competitors. Identifying your audiences' wants and needs is a great start, but understanding how to reach them should be first and foremost. The moment your brand becomes top-of-mind for customers, you're on your way to big success.
More About This Episode
The Smarter Building Materials Marketing podcast helps industry professionals find better ways to grow leads, sales and outperform the competition. It's designed to give insights on how to create a results-driven digital marketing strategy for companies of any size.
This week, Zach and Beth talk with Gerry Messina, a building products marketing executive, who brings industry experience, along with a marketing and sales perspective to the discussion about selling to architects and contractors.
The Problem with Product Marketing in Construction
Gerry Messina joined us on the show because he's really seen and done it all in the manufacturing industry.
"I started as a mechanical engineer studying engineering, and my first role was in installing manufacturing equipment for a big consumer products company," he explains. He continued to get an MBA and found his way into marketing.
"And then slowly, I went to the dark side to building products," jokes Gerry. He's built up several years of perspective on the industry and pointed out how marketing building materials is drastically different from marketing other products.
"It's funny," says Gerry, "You buy a $3 kitchen cleaner every six months, there's no risk involved. You don't like the smell or the fragrance — big deal. No loss. And as a marketer, you have so many tools, TV, print, couponing, a lot of point-of-sale data."
Building materials, of course, are a different game. "As you move into the building products world and start trying to reach the architect or the contractor, these lead times expand. We're talking years," says Gerry. Most building products are guaranteed (and expected) to last much longer, so the lead times for marketers are also longer.
Gerry also points out that the risk is higher for customers in the building industry, especially when the customer is a homeowner or building owner, who might not know anything about the product. For architects, the wrong product choice could mean that they lose the project or their reputation is negatively impacted.
"So it really takes a different mindset. And a big part of marketing is branding, right? I've seen that in the building products world, the brand, I sometimes call it hidden. So you look at your wall. Like, I'm looking at the wall behind you, Zach and it's nice blue. But the brand that it was, you forget that," explains Gerry.
In building materials, the end-user isn't always going to remember or care about the brand name of the decking product or siding their contractor used on the project — unless, of course, the product was a failure, in which case the brand is more memorable (for negative reasons).
And sometimes end-users might not even have a choice.
"Because the contractor was the one who said, 'Hey, this is the brand you're going to use no matter what.' So it's tough for a manufacturer to kind of overcome some of those objections," says Gerry.
Sound familiar? Getting your brand name to become more of a household name requires some storytelling — and a solid strategy so that your name is remembered fondly.
How To Make Your Brand Top of Mind
Creating an impactful brand story is a hot topic here at Venveo, so we picked Gerry's brain a bit more about how to make a building materials brand distinguishable to audiences. Often, if your product is doing its job in a construction project, it doesn't stand out.
"So it's really about how to convince the influencer," says Gerry. That might be an architect or design consultant, or a homeowner in residential construction. "So getting in front of them is really pretty key — and keeping in front of them."
The good news is that these professionals are online, so getting in front of them is easier these days.
However, keeping their attention — especially if you want to show them a new product — is a little more challenging, of course. For many years in the construction industry, there's been resistance to trying new building materials. "An architect has a reputation and if they find something that works, it's much harder to get them off the spot," says Gerry.
Installers and contractors could be just as resistant to new products, but we're seeing some changes and a little more open-mindedness from these professionals, especially over the past two years.
In 2020, 32% of professionals used a product that was new to them. In 2021, 27% of professionals purchased a new brand. The many reasons why professionals switched brands last year was for a better quality product or their usual brand was out of stock.
We talked a little more with Gerry through some ways manufacturers might tap into this more open mindset and reach both architects and contractors.
Make It Easy-to-Install:
Supply chain issues have influenced how some contractors choose products for their projects. "It's so hard now for contractors to find qualified people to do the more technical aspects of a window installation," he explains. "If you can have the product install quicker, maybe pre-install some stuff at the factory so that when it gets to the job site, there are two less steps they have to do, and they can get off the job quicker and get onto their next job."
Give Them Proof:
Make it obvious on your website and other marketing platforms that your product is easy to install for contractors. "A third-party study would even be better. But if I did a study, I got other contractors who've used it, and they're validating that this product went in well, it performs," says Gerry.
Make It More Accessible:
Zach recommends offering a Spanish version of their website. Gerry also encourages manufacturers to make videos and installation guides available in other languages besides English. "Because many installers, their primary language is Spanish. And if your product is one of those that, most products are like this, if it's not installed correctly, there could be a real challenge and issue," he says, "So taking that extra step and putting it in Spanish, I think is a real benefit for the contractor."
Bring the Factory to Them:
"So one thing that was successful for me was we actually filmed a 360, all-immersive video of our factory," Gerry explains. "So you're literally standing in this case, on a roof with the contractor installing a product … and behind the curtain, as we sometimes call it, is a real plus for architects especially, who want to know a little bit more about your product and how it's made. And then for the contractors, they want to see what's going and know that they're getting quality products."
There are some key pieces of content that Gerry suggests, and he says that manufacturers should ensure "data sheets, product samples and Revit models are all easily accessible on your website."
Offering your online audience installation guides, case studies and easy ways to reach customer service will all go a long way with customers — but check out the top five pieces of website content that we recommend for manufacturers for even more ideas.
Want Even More Insight?
Before Gerry left, we asked him for the one piece of advice he'd give to manufacturers who want to amp up their marketing efforts this next year. And he suggests a back-to-basics game plan: "I go back to something I call block and tackling."
"Because an architect, they're working on a project, and unless you're coming in with technical data that they can charge their time to that project, they don't want to B.S. over donuts and stuff like that," says Gerry. "All that kind of foundational, fundamental stuff is really key, and I think many companies kind of want to go off to these fancy things."
"So before you start doing some kind of Instagram whatever, let's just make sure that your basis is done correctly. And, and I think we all have plenty of room to fix it and make it better," says Gerry.
You can reach out to Gerry on LinkedIn to connect and talk more about building materials marketing.
Be sure to reach out to us with your questions about marketing building materials via [email protected], and subscribe to the podcast for more brand tips and insights!
Get building materials insights sent right to your inbox.
How Building Materials Companies Can Use Houzz For Market...
Houzz is an online platform that hosts millions of building products, ideas and projects for homeowners and pros to discover — and has 40+ million active monthly users. We have everything building materials companies need to know about using Houzz for marketing.
Why Building Materials Distributors Need Chatbots
Remaining up-to-date on new technology and marketing trends can be difficult, but it's essential for building materials distributors to understand and utilize different tools. One tool distributors need to consider using is chatbots, a software that has conversations with customers on a website or mobile app. Learn why building materials distributors need chatbots and how to start using them.
Social Media Use in 2021 & What It Means for Building Mat...
Social media marketing is no longer just a trend; it's the new way of doing business for building materials manufacturers. With the right social strategy, building materials companies can overcome competition, drive traffic to their website, increase visibility and generate sales.
© 2021 Venveo. All Rights Reserved.


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Early Signs of Hiring Appear in Earnings Reports
Patti Domm	| @pattidomm
Published 12:15 PM ET Wed, 14 April 2010 Updated 12:23 PM ET Wed, 14 April 2010 CNBC.com
The early news out of the corporate earnings season is that some companies see enough improvement in the economy to begin hiring again.
It's a trickle, but it's a start and it's across a variety of industries. Tech bellwether Intel Tuesday said it was adding 1,000 to 2,000 workers — its first hiring plan in five years — and it will speed up the roll out of two factories. JPMorgan Chase said it was adding 9,000 employees, and CSX, the rail company, said it was bringing back furloughed workers to its ranks.
Only a handful of major companies have reported so far this earnings period; Intel , JPMorgan and CSX all beat expectations and gave relatively bullish forecasts.
"It's about time. They've been making money for awhile and they've been very reluctant to hire. We know they've stopped firing, and they're seeing the light at the end of the tunnel," said Mesirow Financial chief economist Diane Swonk.
Of course, not all industries will see improvements that encourage hiring. Southwest Airlines Chief Executive Gary Kelly told CNBC today that the company is still reducing its work force through attrition and has no plan to add jobs in 2010.
"Companies have already dipped their toe into transitory, non-committal hiring, like temporary workers and consultants. It makes sense they want to bring back some talent before everyone else gets a hold of them," said Swonk.
JPMorgan is hiring across the board and plans to bring in bankers, lenders and even branch workers. The consumer-focused businesses will see the bulk of the hiring. JPMorgan has been adding workers in its continuing businesses, and did so last year, despite an overall workforce reduction due to its acquisition of Washington Mutual .
Deutsche Bank chief economist Joseph LaVorgna said while he acknowledges he's been overly optimistic of late on hiring, he believes the recent data shows a shift, including March retail sales. Retail sales rose 1.6 percent, better than the 1.2 percent forecast.
"Quarterly, we're up 5.5 percent in retail sales year-over-year. It's the strongest since the first quarter of 2006," said LaVorgna. "If you look at the trends in retail sales and what they imply in payrolls, because both series tend to move together, there's going to be further catch-up in employment."
The government's March employment report showed the first signs of job creation since the recovery began. The report, released April 1, showed an increase of 162,000 non-farm payrolls in March, and an unemployment rate of 9.7 percent.
Swonk still does not believe that unemployment rate will come down much soon. "We still had a pretty marginal employment report in the month of March. We need jobs. I don't think we're going to see a rapid reduction in the unemployment rate, and I'd love to be wrong. We overshot during the recession, and we're seeing some stabilization with employment," she said.
While a small sample, the anecdotally positive news from big companies contrasts with a more dire outlook from the world of small business, which is responsible for most of the hiring typically. The National Federation of Independent Business released its survey Tuesday, showing that business owners are glum on the economy and are not in a hurry to expand or hire. The survey in fact declined 1.2 points in March to 86.8.
"You have 8.5 million jobs that were lost, we're assuming this year you're going to be getting 2 million jobs back this year," LaVorgna said. "You don't need everyone to say they're hiring...you just need some to start the process."
Weekly jobless claims data, which will be reported Thursday, will be important to markets, especially since last week's data showed a surprising increase in unemployment claims.
Questions? Comments? Email us at marketinsider@cnbc.com
Patti DommCNBC Markets Editor
CSGN
INTC
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text:
Gorbothorax ungibbus är en spindelart som beskrevs av Andrei V. Tanasevitch 1998. Gorbothorax ungibbus ingår i släktet Gorbothorax och familjen täckvävarspindlar.

Artens utbredningsområde är Nepal. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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text:
All compositions published by the American Composers Alliance:http://composers.com/christopher-shultis
2019 Retro Variations for percussion ensemble. Commissioned and premiered by the Oberlin Percussion Group, Michael Rosen, director. Tuesday November 26, Warner Concert Hall, Oberlin College and Conservatory.
2019 After Agnes Martin for soprano and solo percussion. Premiered by Stacey Mastrian and Simone Mancuso. Kerr Cultural Center, Scottsdale AZ, November 19, 2019.
2018 Sanjo Variations for Gayageum quartet. Written for and commissioned by the Gyeonggi Gayageum Ensemble. Premiered at the National Gugak Center, Seoul, Korea, December 2, 2018.
2017 Lost in the Woods, an opera in one act for soprano and percussion (quintet or quartet). Written for and premiered by Stacey Mastrian and the Akros Percussion Collective, University of Akron, October 9, 2017.
2016 One Far Noise for solo tam-tam and electronics. Written for and premiered by Simone Mancuso, German-American Institute (DAI) Heidelberg, Germany, July 2016.
2016 Paradise Between for solo clarinet (live and recorded). Written for and premiered by Keith Lemmons, March 11, 2016.
2015 GLOCK for solo glockenspiel. Written for and premiered by Aaron Michael Butler, Michigan State University, February 12, 2016.
2015 World's End Preludes for solo piano. Written for and premiered by Emanuele Arciuli, University of New Mexico, March 29, 2016.
2015 4-7-3 (revision of water/peace) for two percussionists and electronics. World Premiere
Walden Miniatures for Mixed Chorus. Written for and premiered by Haverford High School Chamber Singers, Marsha Core, director, Ardmore Presbyterian Church, Ardmore, PA, February 2014.
Centenary Fragment. Written for and premiered by Chatter, University of New Mexico, March 2013. Video by Hee Sook Kim.
Circlings for String Quartet, electronics and video (by Hee Sook Kim). Premiered by Del Sol String Quartet, March 2012.
Circlings for four gayageums, electronics and video (by Hee Sook Kim). Written for and premiered by Gyeonggi Gayageum Ensemble, Haverford College, October 2010.
From Waldmusik: Wind, Water, Walk. Premiered at Christopher Shultis 20-year retrospective concert.
From Waldmusik: Wissahickon, Pulpit Rock, French Creek. Written for and commissioned by Paul Hoffmann, piano; Tom Goldstein, percussion. World Premiere, Baltimore Maryland, October 2010. Video (2013) by Hee Sook Kim.
Devisidero: Six Preludes for Solo Piano. Written for Curt Cacioppo. Premiere, John Donald Robb Composers' Symposium, April 2008.
Encounter: a collaborative installation by Hee Sook Kim (visuals) and Christopher Shultis (texts, sound).
UNM Art Museum, February-April 2007.
Openings for winds and percussion. First Movement, "Mouth" Premiere, Popejoy Hall, UNM. UNM Wind Symphony, Eric Rombach-Kendall, conductor.
Songs of Love and Longing (2001-2003) for soprano and piano. Premiere, Keller Hall, UNM, April 2004, Leslie Umphrey, soprano, Falko Steinbach, piano.
Four Romantic Miniatures for piano solo.
Premiere, New Mexico Music Teachers Association Conference, Las Vegas, NM, Falko Steinbach, piano.
Commissioned by the New Mexico Music Teachers Association.
"a little light, in great darkness" for soprano saxophone and woodwind quintet.
Premiere, UNM Composers' Symposium, Carrie Koffman, soprano saxophone, New Mexico Winds.
Written on the Body for musicians and dancers.
Blindness for solo Marimba. Video performance by Erica Jett.
U.S. Premiere, UNM Composers' Symposium, Fred Bugbee, marimbist.
European Premiere, Manchester, England, Robert Van Sice, marimbist.
Do Something; Do Something Else.
Premiered at New Music Across America Festival by the Do Orchestra, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Metaphysics for narrator and seven boom-boxes.
Performed at the Society of Composers International, Cleveland, Ohio by the University of Akron Percussion Ensemble.
faith hope love (an opera).
Premiere, UNM Composers' Symposium, Skumbaag and friends, 1995.
Decline of the West for Female Vocalist and All-Male Heavy Metal Band.
Premiered by Skumbaag, March 1992.
Three Short Pieces: For Frank Bowen (solo flute), Five (brass quintet), Four Interludes from Downward Facing Dog (piano).
Music for the play Downward Facing Dog by Kestutis Nakas.
Performed by the composer at the Experimental Theatre, UNM.
Friends for piano and crotales.
Written for Links performance ensemble.
Premiere: Albuquerque, NM.
Pastorale, for solo percussion and television white noise.
Composed for a collaboration with sculptor Bill Gilbert and choreographer Bill Evans. Premiere: Albuquerque, NM.
Bow for solo crotales.
Premiere: Grand Junction, CO.
64 Statements re: and not re: Child of Tree for amplified cactus, speaker, percussion and four-channel tape.
Premiere: Strathmore, MD.
water/peace for percussion (two players), spoken text and two channel electronic tape.
Premiered in Montreal in collaboration with sculptor Basia Irland.
Oneiro for percussion trio.
Performed at the Percussive Arts Society International Convention, 1992 by the Links Ensemble. Video (2015) by Hee Sook Kim. Performed by Crossing 32nd Street (Simone Mancuso, Doug Nottingham, Brett Reed).
motion/less for percussion solo.
Premiered by the composer at the University of Maryland-Baltimore County's Progressions Guest Artist Series, 1988.


text:
Cosmosoma consolata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1856. It is found in Brazil.

References

consolata
Moths described in 1856


text:
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Overview, Methods and Knowledge Exchange
Secondary Prevention Of Stroke
Core Elements of Delivery of Stroke Prevention Services
1. Initial Risk Stratification and Management of Nondisabling Stroke and TIA
2. Lifestyle and Risk Factor Management
3. Blood Pressure and Stroke Prevention
4. Lipid Management
5. Diabetes and Stroke
6. Anti-platelet Therapy in Ischemic Stroke and TIA
7. Anticoagulation for Individuals with Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation
8. Management of Extracranial Carotid Disease and Intracranial Atherosclerosis
9. Cardiac Issues in Individuals with Stroke
Acute Stroke Management
1. Stroke Awareness Recognition and Response
2. Outpatient Management of TIA and Non-Disabling Stroke
3. Emergency Medical Services Management of Acute Stroke Patients
4. Emergency Department Evaluation and Management of Patients with Acute Stroke and TIA
5. Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment
6. Acute Antiplatelet Therapy
7. Early Management of Patients Considered for Hemicraniectomy
8. Acute Stroke Unit Care
9. Inpatient Prevention and Management of Complications following Stroke
10. Advanced Care Planning
11. Palliative and End of Life Care
Prevention of Recurrent Stroke in Pregnancy
1. General Management Considerations Prior to, during, and after Pregnancy in a Woman with Stroke
2. Specific Management Considerations for Secondary Stroke Prevention during Pregnancy
3. Management Considerations for Specific Ischemic Stroke Etiologies in Pregnancy
Acute Stroke Management during Pregnancy
1. Initial Emergency Management
2. Diagnostic Imaging
3. Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment: Intravenous Thrombolysis and Endovascular Treatment
4. Management of Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke during Pregnancy (subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage)
5. Anesthetic Management in the setting of Acute Stroke during Pregnancy
6. Early Post-Stroke Management in a Pregnant Woman
7. Post-Stroke Antenatal Obstetric Considerations for Women with a Stroke in Pregnancy
8. Intrapartum Considerations
9. Post-Partum Management
Rehabilitation and Recovery following Stroke
Definition and Considerations
1. Initial Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment
2. Stroke Rehabilitation Unit Care
3. Delivery of Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation
4. Outpatient and In-Home Stroke Rehabilitation (including Early Supported Discharge)
5.1 Management of the Upper Extremity Following Stroke
5.2. Range of Motion and Spasticity in the Shoulder, Arm and Hand
5.3. Management of Shoulder Pain & Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) following Stroke
6.1. Balance and Mobility
6.2. Lower Limb Spasticity following Stroke
6.3. Falls Prevention and Management
7. Assessment and Management of Dysphagia and Malnutrition following Stroke
8. Rehabilitation of Visual and Perceptual Deficits
9. Management of Central Pain
10. Rehabilitation to Improve Language and Communication
Transitions and Community Participation Following Stroke
1.	Supporting People with Stroke, Their Families and Caregivers
2. Education for People with Stroke, Their Families and Caregivers
3. Interprofessional Care Planning and Communication
4. Community Participation Following Stroke
5. Transition to Long-Term Care Following a Stroke
Mood, Cognition and Fatigue following Stroke
1. Post Stroke Depression
2. Vascular Cognitive Impairment
3. Post-Stroke Fatigue
Telestroke
1. Telestroke Recommendations
Pediatric Stroke
Previous Section 8. Rehabilitation of Visual and Perceptual Deficits Next Section 10. Rehabilitation to Improve Language and Communication
6th Edition - 2019 UPDATED
Patients with persistent Central Post Stroke Pain (CPSP) should receive a trial of low-dose, centrally acting analgesics [Evidence Level C]:
Patients should receive an anticonvulsant (such as gabapentin or pregabalin) as a first-line treatment for central nervous system pain [Evidence Level C].
Patients should receive a tricyclic antidepressant (e.g., amitriptyline) or an SNRI (particularly duloxetine) as second-line treatment [Evidence Level C].
Treatment for patients resistant to first- and second-line treatment can include opioids or tramadol [Evidence Level C]. Caution is advised for the use of opioids as there is a significant risk of physical dependency.
An individualized patient-centred approach for management of central pain syndromes should be implemented by an interdisciplinary team that includes healthcare professionals with expertise in mental health and central pain management [Evidence Level C].
Rationale +-
Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is a rare neurological disorder in which the body becomes hypersensitive to pain as a result of damage to the spinothalamic tract (STT), although not all damage to the STT produces CPSP. It reportedly affects 2% to 5% of stroke patients. With involvement of the STT, patients have loss of temperature and pain sensation in the involved area. It is most commonly associated with lesions to the ventrocaudal nucleus of the thalamus but has been reported in brainstem lesions where there is damage to the STT. The primary symptoms are pain and loss of sensation, usually in the face, arms, and/or legs. Pain or discomfort may be felt after being mildly touched or even in the absence of a stimulus. The pain may worsen by exposure to heat or cold and by emotional distress. CPSP can dramatically hinder a patient's ability to perform ADLs, interfere with sleep and reduce quality of life.
People with stroke provided feedback stressing the importance of family and caregiver education on CPSP. Depending on the abilities of the person with stroke, family members and caregivers need training on the treatment of CPSP, including the dosing, timing, and contraindications of analgesics. In addition, people with stroke require education on CPSP so they can self-monitor and recognize potential symptoms. People with stroke value their choices and autonomy and appreciate when medications are offered and explained to them.
System Implications +-
Inclusion of central pain assessments as part of standard screening and assessment protocols for stroke rehabilitation
Access to specialized services for management of central pain
The development and implementation of an equitable and universal pharmacare program, implemented in partnership with the provinces, designed to improve access to cost-effective medicines for all people in Canada regardless of geography, age, or ability to pay. This program should include a robust common formulary for which the public payer is the first payer.
Performance Measures +-
Changes in pain ratings from initiation of treatment, measured weekly, using standardized pains scales.
Changes in quality of life of stroke patients who experience central pain syndrome, measured using a standardized scale and at regular follow-up intervals
Implementation Resources and Knowledge Transfer Tools +-
Health Care Provider Information
Table 1: Stroke Rehabilitation Screening and Assessment Tools
Pharmacological management of chronic neuropathic pain: revised consensus statement from the Canadian Pain Society
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
McGill Pain Questionnaire
Pain rating scales
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), PHQ-9 Depression Scale
Stroke Engine
Information for People with Stroke, their Families and Caregivers
Taking charge of your stroke recovery: Rehabilitation and recovery infographic
Taking charge of your stroke recovery: Transitions and community participation infographic
Aphasia Institute
Post Stroke Checklist
Living with Stroke Program
Stroke Resources Directory
Your Stroke Journey
Physical Changes (Pain)
Summary of the Evidence +-
Evidence Table and Reference List
Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is a rare neurological disorder, in which the body becomes hypersensitive to pain, resulting from damage to the thalamus, the part of the brain that affects sensation. The condition is rare, occurring in an estimated 2% to 5% of all stroke cases. Antidepressants including tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are used most frequently for the treatment of neuropathic pain, although there is little published evidence of their effectiveness in CPSP. Vranken et al. (2011) randomized 48 patients with severe neuropathic pain resulting from cerebrovascular lesions or spinal cord lesions to receive escalating doses of either duloxetine (60 and 120mg/day) or placebo for 8 weeks. At the end of treatment, the mean pain scores, assessed using a 10-point visual analogue scale were reduced from 7.1 to 5.0 (duloxetine) vs. 7.2 to 6.1 (placebo), p=0.06. There were no differences between groups in Patient Disability Index or EQ-5D scores but patients in the duloxetine group reported better pain scores on the bodily pain sub section of the SF-36 (p=0.035).
Several RCTs have been published evaluating the effectiveness of the anticonvulsant drugs, pregabalin and gabapentin, most of which included patients with neuropathic pain of varying etiology. A single RCT included patients who were suffering exclusively from CPSP. In this study (Kim et al. 2011) randomized 220 patients to receive either 150-600 mg of pregabalin or placebo over 13 weeks. At the end of treatment, the mean pain scores were reduced from 6.5 to 4.9 in the pregabalin group and from 6.3 to 5.0 in the placebo group, although the difference was not statistically significant. (p=0.578). Treatment with pregabalin resulted in significant improvements, on secondary endpoints including some aspects of sleep, anxiety and clinician global impression of change. Adverse events were more frequent with pregabalin causing the discontinuation of treatment in 8.2% of patients compared with 3.7% of placebo patients. Vranken et al. (2008) randomized 40 patients (19 with stroke) suffering from severe neuropathic pain, to receive a 4-week course of treatment with escalating doses of pregabalin (max 600 mg/day) or placebo. At the end of treatment, patients in the pregabalin group experienced significantly greater pain relief on a 10-point visual analogue scale (mean=7.6 to 5.1 vs. 7.4 to 7.3, p=0.01) and had significant improvement in EQ-5D scores and in the bodily pain domain of the SF-36. There was no significant difference in Pain Disability Index scores between groups. Serpell et al. (2002) randomized 307 patients with a wide range of neuropathic pain syndromes (9 with post stroke pain) to receive either gabapentin or placebo for 8-weeks. Gabapentin was given in three divided doses to a maximum of 2400 mg/day. Patients in the treatment group experienced a significantly greater reduction in pain over the study period (mean reduction of 21% vs. 14%, p=0.048). Significant differences were shown in favour of gabapentin for the clinician and patient Global Impression of Change Scale, and some domains of the Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire.
One RCT has evaluating the potential benefit of the anti-epileptic agent, levetiracetam in patients with CPSP. Jungehulsing et al. (2013) included 42 patients with CPSP resulting from stroke, of duration greater than 3 months and a score of 4 or greater on 10-point pain intensity scale. Participants were randomized to receive levetiracetam at a maximum dose of 3000 mg or a placebo over a 24-week study period which included two, 8-week treatment periods. Treatment with levetiracetam was not associated with significantly greater improvement in spontaneous or evoked pain, or any of the secondary measures including the McGill Pain Questionnaire, revised Beck Depression Inventory, or the Short Form-12 Health Survey, with increased frequency of reported side-effects.
Stroke Resources
Stroke Assessment and Prevention Pocket Cards
Taking Action for Optimal Community and Long Term Stroke Care
Telestroke Implementation Toolkit
Evidence-Based Review of Stroke Rehabilitation
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Bruce Leonard (l) receiving the national pioneer of the year award from Mike Selwyn.
Friends and colleagues are mourning Bruce Leonard as a passionate and committed stalwart of the Australian cinema industry.
Leonard, who died at his Sydney home last Wednesday, aged 75, dedicated a large part of his life to the Society of Australian Cinema Pioneers and the Motion Picture Industry Benevolent Society (MPIBS) as national secretary/treasurer of both bodies.
Leonard began his film industry career as an accountant with Hoyts. In the mid-1970s he joined cinema advertising firm David Koffel Australia (the forerunner to Val Morgan), where he made 35mm film commercials for retail and commercial organisations.
In the early 1980s, David Koffel Australia was sold to the English cinema advertising company Pearl & Dean. Finding himself "surplus to requirements," he became an independent exhibitor with the encouragement and support of his wife Jill, operating Sussex Inlet Cinema on the NSW South Coast until 1987.
At the same time he formed Bruce Leonard Film and Video Productions, which led to a 15-year relationship with Qantas, for which he produced a series of corporate videos.
In 1996 he began a 10-year association with the National Film and Sound Archive, working under contract to produce initially a series of historic videos on various subjects as well as six double-CDs under the collective title of Australia's Radio Favourites for commercial release.
In 1999 he began researching, writing and hosting a weekly hour-long radio program for the NFSA entitled Theatre of the Mind, featuring complete episodes of Australia's favourite serials, dramas, quiz shows and comedies from the 1930s, 40s and 50s.
He also hosted a live-to-air version of Theatre of the Mind each Friday night with Brian Wilshire on Sydney's 2GB and on 3AW Melbourne's Sunday night show Remember When with Bruce Mansfield and Phillip Brady.
He served as secretary/treasurer of the MPIBS from 1992 until his death. He was national secretary/treasurer of the Australian Pioneers from 1993 until handing over to Sandra Alexander in 2017.
In 2014 he was named national cinema pioneer of the year. Pioneers national president Tim Read said: "Bruce was the Society's devoted, hard working and ever friendly national secretary/treasurer for 25 years and for all those who came into contact with him, he was, in every sense, the Society itself.
Survivors include his wife Jill, a son and daughter and their families.
A memorial service will be held on Tuesday March 26 at 2 pm at the Lower Mountains Anglican Church in Glenbrook.


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text:
'Manopause' Hits Middle-Aged Men
By ABCNEWS.com
While men may not suffer hot flashes like women who experience menopause, middle-aged men's bodies do undergo major changes -- including hormonal ones.
At age 40, John Upton said he hit midlife and hit rock bottom.
Upton, a documentary filmmaker and father of four, was newly-divorced and feeling more lost than ever.
"It's like you are looking at yourself, and you don't recognize the person that you are seeing," Upton said.
He began searching for a way out of his rut -- a downward spiral he said left him depressed, overweight and hopeless.
"Some people my age say, 'Well, I'm just going to age gracefully,'" he said. "Obesity, depression, lethargy [and] despair are not graceful qualities in my book."
He learned what he was going through was not a fleeting midlife crisis, but a very real medical condition.
Doctors call it andropause. It's similar to the hormonal drop that most women experience as they grow older, but more gradual.
Men lose about one percent of their testosterone every year, beginning at age 30. Unlike female menopause, which usually runs its course in a matter of years, so-called "male menopause," can last decades. "What I was seeing was hundreds and hundreds of relationships falling apart at midlife, just when the couples could really be enjoying their lives," Jed Diamond, author of "Male Menopause," said. "The depression that accompanies these kinds of changes can kill men at early ages that don't need to die."
Doctors say millions of American men suffer the symptoms of andropause without even knowing what it is.
Symptoms like fatigue, depression, anger, anxiety, memory loss, relationship problems, loss of sex drive and erectile dysfunction are common and often written off as a normal sign of aging.
Upton's doctors recommended testosterone, but mandated that his hormone and blood pressure levels be tested regularly. The hormones he says, gave him a new lease on life.
"I will take the next 10 years as I am, because the way I was in those old pictures, I don't, I wouldn't want to live another 30 years like that," he said.
While prescriptions for testosterone products like injections and gels have tripled in the last few years, they're not for everyone.
But you won't hear any complaints from Upton. Today , at 50, he's remarried and his new wife Elizabeth Upton reports her husband acts like a man 20 years younger -- even in the bedroom.
Men suffering from the symptoms of male menopause should go their doctors and have them test for active testosterone, which is the kind that can cause symptoms if your numbers are low. Some physicians only measure total testosterone, which may not give the full picture.
John Upton Manopause
More Health and Fitness Articles


Festival season is upon us and whether you're going to Glastonbury, Wireless, Manchester Jazz Festival or Reading, we're rounding up the best way to get there from Coventry to ensure you get bang for your buck and arrive on time.
Set in stunning Somerset Europe's biggest festival in the world. With over 700 artists performing including Ed Sheeran and Radio Head you will need to plan your weekend well, from picking the stage you stand by to the train, plane or bus to use to get there.
Located near Bristol the best route for you to travel is to get the bus for travelling from £14 from Coventry to Bristol. Once you arrive you can take advantage of a free shuttle bus from Castle Cary Station and the Festival Bus Station throughout the period Glastonbury is running.
Taking place in London and with the increase security of late, Wireless festival goers will be looking to get in early in order to make sure they don't miss out on headline acts such as The Weeknd and Skepta.
Once at bus Victoria Station you can hop on the tube and take a few stops to Finsbury Park station where the party starts!
Taking place for 10 whole days and appealing to families and singletons alike this dynamic jazz festival will play host to over 70 acts including international stars such as Atlas and the New York Brass Band as well as local gems showcasing newly-commissioned music.
Based on a weekend visit travelling on 29 July and returning on 31 the most cost-effective way to travel is by bus from Coventry bus station to Manchester costing £5 return via gopili.co.uk by clicking here.
If you're heading to rocking Reading Festival to see the likes of headliners Muse and Kasabian over August bank holiday then you need to plan ahead.
This event which attracts over 90,000 people is bound to be affected by the usual rail strikes and traffic jams as Brits look to travel the country and make the most of the national holiday.
The most cost-effective way to this popular festival is by bus from Coventry bus station to Reading for just £12 return via gopili.co.uk by clicking here.