text:
Zeljka Zorz, Managing Editor April 17, 2014
The dismal state of SATCOM security
Satellite Communications (SATCOM) play a vital role in the global telecommunications system, but the security of the devices used leaves much to be desired, says Ruben Santamarta, principal security consultant with IOActive.
The list of security weaknesses he and his colleagues found while analyzing and reverse-engineering firmware used on the most widely deployed Inmarsat and Iridium SATCOM terminals does not include only design flaws, but also features in the devices themselves that could be of use to attackers.
"We live in a world where an ever-increasing stream of digital data is flowing between continents. It is clear that those who control communications traffic have an upper-hand," Santamarta pointed out in a recently released whitepaper documenting their research. "The ability to disrupt, inspect, modify, or re-route traffic provides an invaluable opportunity to carry perform surveillance or conduct cyber-attacks."
Many important industries depend on satellite networks, including the maritime and aerospace sectors, emergency services, the energy and military sectors, and the media. IOActive researchers have concentrated on analyzing the terminals used on the ground segment of the SATCOM infrastructure.
"Our research was not intended to stress the software in search of common memory corruptions, but rather to understand the devices' native security strengths and weaknesses," he pointed out, and unfortunately, the weaknesses abound.
"The vulnerabilities we uncovered what would appear to be multiple backdoors, hardcoded credentials, undocumented and/or insecure protocols, and weak encryption algorithms. These vulnerabilities allow remote, unauthenticated attackers to compromise the affected products. In certain cases no user interaction is required to exploit the vulnerability; just sending a simple SMS or specially crafted message from one ship to another ship would be successful for some of the SATCOM systems," Santamarta shared.
Technical details that would allow attackers to take advantage of the found vulnerabilities have, of course, not yet been widely shared. The company is working with government CERT Coordination Center and the vulnerable vendors to fix them before making those details public.
In the meantime, they advised SATCOM manufacturers and resellers to remove all publicly accessible copies of device firmware updates from their websites, so that attackers can't download them freely and scour them for usable vulnerabilities.
Despite all this, the aforementioned whitepaper is an extremely interesting read, as it details a variety of possible attack scenarios.
Tor relays vulnerable to Heartbleed dropped from anonymity network
ESET launches secure authentication SDK


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text:
Off The (Pit) Wall
To the Tune of F1
Start date 30 April 2009
One of my other life long passions is Music. I've got a pretty big (and very decent IMHO) vinyl collection.
So let's see if we can compile a Clip the Apex top of the pops.
To make the list the song has to have some connection to formula one. As an example the connection could be as a theme tune, featuring an F1 driver on the record or in the video or having F1 as a subject in the song.
Here are a few to begin with:
1) Fleetwood Mac - The Chain. Taken from the multi platinum album "Rumours". BBC1 Main Theme
2) George Harrison - Faster. Taken from the album "George Harrison" and written about F1. Features JYS as a chauffer in the video plus some fantastic in car footage from the last 70s.
3) Moby - Lift me up - ITVs answer to the chain only not as good.
4) Robbie Williams - Supreme - Fantastic video featuring Robbie as an F1 driver (Robbies car is a Lotus type 72 (A or B version for fact fans). JYS takes the title because Robbie accidently gets locked into his motor home and dosn't make the start.
So that's four, Over to you guys..............
5) Times Like These (acoustic) by the Foo Fighters - was used by the BBC in the post-Australia montage, seemed somehow fitting.
McFerrari
I like the song Lift Me Up, but I really don't like it used in f1. I thought that and the intro for ITV was naff. Much prefer the one from 2000-2002. Forgot what the song was though.Liking the choice of George Harrison there.
Andrea_Moda_Rules
I actually Like that song but ITV absoutley murdered it!
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The purpose of the Ph.D. program is to train professional historians who are both scholars and teachers. During your years of study here you will acquire the scholarly tools you need for such an academic career: systematic knowledge of at least three broad historical fields, rigorous training and experience in scholarly research, familiarity with the most influential approaches to historical explanation, genuine awareness of what are truly significant historical problems, and engagement in interdisciplinary approaches to history drawn from other social sciences and humanities. You will also receive in the course of your graduate study in History valuable teaching experience. The Ph.D. program is a demanding one, so you should be prepared to devote full time to your studies throughout the academic year and during the summer.
Read widely in the philosophy of history, the history of historical writing, and research methods.
Choose and read carefully several important works of history in your general field of interest. Done without the pressure of going to classes and writing research papers, such preliminary reading provides valuable background knowledge and enables incoming Ph.D. candidates to decide early on what kinds of historical problems they wish to investigate.
Give some thought to the lecture courses and seminars you want to take during the first year of graduate study, and to the shape of your eventual examination fields. A list of courses to be given by the History Department during the coming academic year is normally available in late spring.
Prepare to pass a reading examination in at least one or two foreign languages soon after arrival in September. The Graduate Faculty offers language courses in select modern European languages and sometimes Latin during the First Summer Session for those graduate students in the Ph.D. program who need to gain knowledge of the language; however, funding is not available for these courses. It is best to have reading competence in two languages before beginning the program.
In the summer, all incoming students will receive important information concerning registration.
Students should plan on arriving at least three days before the start of the Fall Semester. The university academic calendar, indicating the start of Fall Semester, may be found here: http://www.upenn.edu/almanac/3yearcal.html.
Before the initial meetings with academic advisors, students should have made tentative decisions concerning probable fields of study and how requirements for additional language and/or other technical competencies may be met. If advisory meetings suggest that changes are needed in summer pre-registration, these may be easily done during the "Drop and Add" period at the beginning of the semester.
Each student will be assigned a faculty advisor during the summer prior to arriving at Penn. Students are free to change advisors at any point during their graduate training. By the middle of their first year, students should form, in consultation with their advisors, an advisory committee consisting of the advisor and two other members of the History Graduate Group. Prior to taking the Ph.D. qualifying exam, students are required to meet annually with their advisory committee, at the very latest by the beginning of spring break. At least one week before the committee meets, the student will submit a Progress Report to each member. Committee members are expected to review this report, students' grades, previous committee evaluations as well as individual faculty evaluations of course and TA performance before the meeting. The second-year review also includes an assessment of the student's portfolio, which will include the 700 paper along with a transcript of the student's graduate work done at Penn. It is the student's responsibility to submit copies of these documents to the Graduate Coordinator at least two weeks before the committee meeting.
At the advisory committee meeting, after preliminary discussion among the faculty members, the student will be admitted for a collective evaluation of academic progress to date and plans for future study. Topics will include remaining course requirements, precise fields of study, outstanding language and/or other technical competency requirements, and a tentative examination date. The advisory committees will also evaluate the academic performance of graduate students and make recommendations for financial aid. The advisor will prepare a signed report of the meeting for inclusion in the student's file. The report should offer clear and honest feedback about the student's strengths, weaknesses, and status in the program, as well as satisfy the department's and the graduate school's need for regular and systematic evaluation of graduate students during their first two years in the program. The report will include an evaluation of the student's continued qualification for financial aid. Each spring, the Graduate Committee will review these reports and other relevant materials as part of its assessment of each student's progress and continuation in the graduate program. Advisory committee reports, as with faculty reports on a student's course and TA performance, along with other non-confidential materials in students' dossiers, are accessible via the Graduate Coordinator.
The University requires that every Ph.D. candidate complete a total of 14 units of course work with passing grades before taking the candidacy examination and beginning work on the dissertation. Recognizing the need for maximum flexibility in the ways that graduate students meet the course requirement, the Graduate Group in History encourages all students to work closely with their advisors and advising committees to tailor the curriculum to meet their needs. Students arriving with an M.A. in history from another institution can, if they wish, petition to transfer up to 4 units of graduate-level course work, pending approval by the Graduate Chair in consultation with the student's advisor. Petitions should be submitted AFTER completing one full academic year in the program, and after being evaluated by their committee, as being in good academic standing. All grades for coursework prior to the request must be submitted. Students are expected to be enrolled full-time during the period of their coursework.
The history department requires only one two-unit course of all students: History 700. This course focuses on historical method, practice, and research. It combines theoretical, methodological, and substantive materials. It is designed to span the geographical and chronological fields represented in the Graduate Group and may be taught by more than one faculty member. During the fall semester the seminar concentrates on historiographical and theoretical literature. During the spring term each student will undertake specialized individual research on a particular aspect of the general topic that falls within his/her major field of interest, and at the end of the term each will submit a substantial article-length paper presenting his or her findings. Such papers will be jointly supervised by the seminar instructor(s) and the academic advisor of each student. Grades will be determined by the seminar instructor(s) in consultation with advisors. The student must submit a hard copy of the 700 paper to the Graduate Coordinator for inclusion in her/his file as soon as it is completed.
In the second year, graduate students are required to write another original, primary-source based research paper. This paper may be completed as part of the requirements of a graduate course or a graded independent study. Graduate students' advising committees will certify that the second-year research requirement has been met by reviewing the paper. Students must place copies of their second-year papers in their files by September of the third year. Students entering the program with an MA in history should try to produce a second research paper in the first year or fall term of the second year.
The department prefers that students take the summer dissertation proposal workshop in the summer after their second year of study (after the first year if a student comes to the program with a year of graduate work already completed). A student may, however, defer the workshop to the following summer with the written permission of his or her advisor. A student must have the advisor's approval of a topic before entering the workshop, and the final proposal must be approved by the advisor in the following fall, and by the advisory committee at its first meeting after the workshop.
Each year the department will offer 500-level and 600-level colloquia and 700-level research seminars. Although primarily intended for advanced undergraduate students, 400-level courses may be taken for graduate credit by satisfying additional requirements set by the instructor.
Colloquia are reading and discussion courses on special topics or covering broad chronological periods or geographical areas; they are designed to give students command of relevant historiographical literature. Colloquium instructors always require some kind of written work in these courses as well, such as a historiographical essay, an annotated bibliography, or a series of analytical book reviews.
We encourage graduate students to take courses in other departments at Penn, when pedagogically appropriate. Many of our faculty are involved in interdisciplinary research, belong to cross-departmental centers, and appreciate the value that study in the methods, theory, and practice of other disciplines can bring to history. In addition, there are many non-departmental historians and historically-oriented scholars in departments as diverse as English, Sociology, Comparative Literature, Political Science, Anthropology, Law, Social Work, Education, Art History, Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, East Asian Studies, South Asian Studies, Religious Studies, Architecture and Planning, and many others. Many graduate students participate in the Urban Studies and Women's Studies graduate certificate programs. Students who wish to enroll in courses outside the History department should consult with their advisors about courses that may be relevant to their courses of study.
In certain fields, it makes pedagogical sense for a student to attend an appropriate undergraduate course taught by a supervising faculty member. The student will also meet separately on a regular basis with the faculty member and submit graduate-level written work, including a substantial paper. Enrollment in a preceptorial requires the permission of the supervising faculty member. Students wishing to arrange preceptorials are encouraged to discuss the option with faculty members well before the beginning of the semester.
Graduate students prepare for Ph.D. candidacy examinations and for careers as professional scholars by more than just taking courses. They are encouraged to take an active role in their own training by deciding independently what kinds of topics interest them most and what they should do on their own to learn more about them. Small student-organized discussion groups are ideal for this purpose as well as for developing scholarly and professional outlooks in a professor-free environment. On occasion, faculty members may also organize non-graded, informal reading groups for interested graduate students.
It is in the interest of graduate students and faculty alike that all work be completed by the end of the semester in which the course is taken. Some professors in fact require this. There are severe penalties -- specifically, ineligibility for financial aid -- for students who do not complete their course work within the semester in which it is taken.
The Graduate Group recognizes that the language, quantitative, and other methodological training needed by particular Ph.D. candidates will vary widely. Students in European history must demonstrate competence in at least two European languages, while American history students must demonstrate competence in two languages other than English or in one foreign language and a technical or methodological skill discipline such as statistics, geographic information systems, digital systems, or demography. Students in the history of other parts of the world must demonstrate competence in at least two languages other than English. Competence in foreign languages will be ascertained solely by written translation exams administered by the department once per semester. Exams are typically held in a computer lab with access to specified on-line dictionaries but no other websites. Students are also permitted to use their own hard-copy dictionaries. Competence in methodological skill disciplines may be demonstrated by written exams or by successful completion of relevant courses – in both cases with the approval of the student's advisor. Candidacy examinations cannot be scheduled until both language requirements have been satisfied. Note that continuation of a student's fellowship depends on passing the candidacy examination according to the deadlines indicated below.
It is in all cases preferable that language and technical competency requirements be satisfied during the first year of graduate study. Ph.D. candidates who require language or methodological skills beyond these defined minima in order to carry on research in their main area of specialization must satisfy their advisory committees that they have acquired these no later than the date of their Ph.D. candidacy examinations. Students in European and other non-US history can be expected to read texts in the languages of their major fields in their coursework from the first semester on. Please note that, in addition to its academic year offerings, Penn's summer language courses – during one or both of the summer sessions - are available free to graduate students.
a secondary field that has a theoretical, methodological, or cross-cultural emphasis (e.g. Issues and Methods in Demographic History, Comparative Race Relations in Historical Perspective).
The precise scope of general, primary, and secondary fields, the linkage between them, and the program of study for their completion (course work and independent reading) will be worked out by each student in consultation with his/her conference committee; decisions in all these areas are to be clearly spelled out in the reports of these meetings that are placed in the student's academic file. For the third field, students are encouraged to look for course work outside the History Department.
The Department expects that all Ph.D. students gain experience as teachers in preparation for their future careers. History Ph.D. students teach for a minimum of two years during their time at Penn. Most Ph.D. students will meet the teaching requirement by serving as teaching assistants or graders during their second and third years of graduate study. Teaching assistants will be closely supervised by their faculty supervisors, who meet with them regularly to discuss course materials and assignments and provide them with instruction and advice on pedagogical matters. Instructors with teaching assistants are expected to visit the TAs' discussion sections at least once a semester and to provide a written evaluation of their teaching assistants' performance.
Teaching assistants and graders will be assigned by the Graduate Chair, bearing in mind course needs and faculty and graduate student preferences. Preliminary assignments will be made during the month preceding the beginning of the semester, with final assignments to be determined no later than the first week of classes based on course enrollments and other pedagogical needs.
The Ph.D. qualifying evaluation is a first year assessment conducted by the student's advisory committee in its March meeting and reviewed by the Graduate Committee later in the spring term.
At least a week before the committee meets, the student will submit a progress report to each member. Committee members are expected to review this report, students' grades, previous committee evaluations and any course evaluations before the meeting. The second year review also includes an assessment of the student's portfolio, which will include the 700 paper and at least one other significant paper from the first year, along with a transcript of the student's graduate work done at the University of Pennsylvania . It is the student's responsibility to submit copies of these papers to the Graduate Coordinator at least four weeks before the committee meeting.
At the advisory committee meeting, after preliminary discussion among the faculty members, the student will be admitted for discussion of academic progress to date and plans for future study. The advisor will prepare a signed report of the meeting for inclusion in the student's file. This report will include a clear recommendation about the student's continued financial aid. The advisor will then write the evaluation letter to the student, with a copy to the Graduate Chair (see above, "Advisors and Advisory Committees"). The Graduate Committee's spring review of these letters and other relevant materials and its final recommendation about the student's continuation in the program will complete the Ph.D. Qualifying Evaluation.
The Ph.D. candidacy examination may not be scheduled until all University and Graduate Group courses and technical competency requirements have been met. This includes all coursework, History 700 and one other research paper, and 2 languages. Students whose entire graduate careers have been at Penn will take the examination no later than the end of the spring term of the third year of graduate study. Students who enter the Penn graduate history program with approved graduate-level credits from another institution will normally take the examinations before the start of the third year of graduate study at Penn.
Reading lists drawn up by the candidate in consultation with the members of the conference committee.
A list of historical problems agreed upon by the candidate and the conference committee and that has been used as a guide in choosing courses and preparing for the examination.
Essays on the literature of specified historical problems that have been submitted by the candidate prior to the examination and used by members of the examining board as the basis for their questions.
A particular approach or emphasis within primary and/or secondary fields.
An acceptable dissertation prospectus should be completed before these exams and may figure in the examination discussion.
In order to pass the candidacy examination for the Ph.D. a student must secure the unanimous agreement of the members of the examining committee. The advisor must file a written evaluation of the candidate's performance that includes an unambiguous statement of opinion as to whether the candidate passed. In cases where unanimity does not exist, the student may have a re-examination of one or more fields, at the examiners' discretion, within 6-8 weeks of the original examination. If, upon this re-examination, one member of a committee of three (or two members of a committee of four or more) votes the examination a failure, the student's candidacy for the Ph.D. degree is terminated. So that the possibility of arbitrary veto of the candidate may be prevented, however, all of the other members of the examining committee may jointly petition the Graduate Chair to grant another re-examination with a substitute faculty member competent to examine in the failed field or fields. Their petition must be unanimous.
Ph.D. candidates are expected to begin full-time research on their dissertation projects immediately upon passing their Ph.D. candidacy examination. During the third year of graduate study (or earlier, in the case of students with approved prior graduate-level coursework) candidates will submit a dissertation proposal to and receive the formal approval of all members of their advisory committees. Students are required to provide the Graduate Coordinator with printed copies of their proposals and their committee's approval, to be deposited in their files.
After the approval of the dissertation proposal and after passing the Ph.D candidacy examination, the student, in consultation with his or her advisor, should select at least two additional faculty members to serve on the Dissertation Committee. At least two members of the Dissertation Committee, including the principal advisor, must be members of the Graduate Group in History (which in addition to History faculty includes certain Penn faculty affiliated with, but not members of, the History Department). The third member should also be from the Graduate Group in History, or, if necessary, from another department within Penn or from another university, college, or scholarly institute. Adding a member to the Dissertation Committee from outside Penn requires compelling intellectual and/or professional reasons and must be approved in advance by the Graduate Chair. . When students have established their Dissertation Dommittee, they must inform the Graduate Coordinator of its composition in writing.
The principal academic advisor of a Ph.D. candidate will direct the research and supervise the writing of the dissertation while other members of the committee may read preliminary drafts and suggest changes where appropriate. In all cases the dissertation must be read and approved for its defense by the candidate's main advisor.
When candidates are ready to have the final drafts of their dissertations printed, they should obtain from the Graduate Faculty office a set of University of Pennsylvania rules governing the form in which dissertations are submitted. This is very important, for that office will refuse to accept theses with too-narrow margins, incorrect pagination, or other flaws, thus delaying the awarding of Ph.D. degrees. Doctoral candidates in the final stages of their dissertation writing should also be sure to consult the calendar published in the Graduate Studies Bulletin in order to know the various deadlines for applying for the degree, submitting finished dissertations to their first and second readers for their approval, and depositing the completed thesis at the Graduate Faculty office. Either the candidate in person or his/her designee should "deposit" the dissertation. It is not the responsibility of the Graduate Chair, any other faculty member, or the department administrative staff to do this.
The doctoral dissertation must be submitted and accepted no later than ten calendar years after matriculation into the Ph.D. Program. Should the dissertation not be submitted and accepted within this time, the student will be dropped from Ph.D. program.
The Dissertation Defense provides an opportunity for public presentation and recognition of completed doctoral work and for formal discussion and evaluation of the dissertation.
Nearly all History Ph.D. students are recipients of four- or five-year fellowships awarded by the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences upon admission. Application for fellowship and scholarship awards (except where otherwise specified) is made simply by checking the appropriate box on the first page of the application for admission. To be assured of receiving full consideration for University fellowships and scholarships, applicants should be sure that their applications and supporting documents (transcripts, letters of recommendation, and Graduate Record Examination scores) are received no later than December 15 of the application year. Applicants should file their applications and supporting material as early as possible to allow time for the most careful consideration.
Since awards are made for the purpose of accelerating study toward advanced degrees, all fellows must register for full-time programs (i.e., three course units per term for credit in the first year, two plus one teaching course in the second and third years) unless they have already completed the courses necessary for their degrees, in which case the student then registers for dissertation. All award holders must maintain good academic standing according to the standards set by the individual graduate group, and a grade average of B+ or better. The amount of an award is subject to possible adjustment in the event that the recipient also receives another fellowship award.
Beyond the fellowship package awarded at admission, a variety of other fellowships are available through the department and the University to assist in summer research, provide an extra dissertation writing year, allow for further language study, or otherwise expand opportunities for doctoral study. Competition for these fellowships is generally announced by email to students during the course of the academic year.
Teaching and research fellowships and tuition scholarships are also available to eligible graduate students. In addition, the history department often assigns graduate students to teach evening or summer courses in conjunction with the College of Liberal and Professional Studies. Those wishing to be considered for these positions should respond to the Department's call for proposals during the course of any given year . Advanced graduate students are also eligible to apply for teaching positions through the Critical Writing Program and the Communication within the Curriculum Program.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania's English Fluency in Higher Education Act, the University requires that all personnel, including graduate teaching assistants, who have instructional contact with undergraduates (which includes teaching, lecturing, tutoring, laboratory instruction, leading recitation or discussion sections, holding office hours, etc.) be evaluated and certified as fluent in the use of the English language in the classroom before undertaking any instructional duties involving undergraduates. Prospective graduate teaching assistants with questions regarding the evaluation or certification of their English fluency in the classroom should consult with their department or graduate group chairperson, or the English Language Programs.
Applicants and students with outstanding academic records are strongly urged to apply for external fellowships in their fields of interest. There are numerous prestigious fellowships, many of which are more lucrative than institutional awards. Information is available from the Career Services office, and the history department also announces opportunities by email as information is provided to us.
Students receiving an award from a source external to the University are expected to accept the award and notify the graduate group chair. The University does not permit fellowship packages simply to be added together.
All graduate students in history are urged to become active members of the Clio Club . In addition to social gatherings, the Club arranges lectures and discussions of historical topics, pedagogical issues, and professional development. Its members are represented on the Graduate Committee and play an important role in suggesting and implementing constructive changes in the Graduate History program. A variety of interdisciplinary seminars is available at the University for faculty and graduate students. Students should consult with their advisors about seminars that will be particularly useful to them.
Most graduate students in History expect to pursue professional careers as teachers and academics, and the University of Pennsylvania has been very competitive in helping its newly-minted History Ph.D.s realize this ambition. Realism demands that graduate students should be alert to other career possibilities--archival and library work, journalism, government service, museum appointments, business, consulting, etc .-- and should consider tailoring their graduate study to give themselves valuable flexibility. Similarly, versatility in teaching a wide range of courses can be very useful in securing entry-level teaching positions.
In September of the year they expect to enter the job market, Ph.D. students establish a credentials file (including a transcript and letters of reference) at the University Placement Service. At the same time, job seekers should consult regularly with the departmental placement officer -- a faculty member who receives release time to assist in job searches -- and read the Chronicle of Higher Education , the job listings in H-Net, and the monthly Employment Information Bulletin published by the American Historical Association in which all colleges and universities in the United States have agreed to advertise any positions in History that they may have to fill.
When a vacancy is announced in a candidate's area of specialization, the student should direct the Placement Service to send a copy of the file to the hiring institution. A personal letter of application, vita , and dissertation abstract should also be sent under separate cover. The primary objective is for the job candidate to secure an interview at the annual meeting of the American Historical Association, which is currently held during the first week of January. This is extremely important: almost all tenure-track academic positions in History are ultimately filled by someone who was originally interviewed at the AHA convention. On the other hand, although many jobs are advertised at this meeting, it is not usually very productive to attend this convention for employment purposes unless specific job interviews have been arranged in advance. Opportunities in one-year positions, usually to fill in for a faculty member on leave, generally develop later in the spring.
What follows is a year-by-year normative description of what the Graduate Group in History expects Ph.D. candidates to accomplish during their first three years at the University of Pennsylvania . The fourth and fifth years are devoted to dissertation research and writing, and application for post-doctoral fellowships and/or teaching and research positions. All Ph.D. students will be required to take History 700 (the first-year proseminar); at least one introductory colloquium or independent study in the region of specialization; and, during the second year, one course with a significant research component (such as a research seminar or a research-oriented independent study). In addition, all students must participate in the Summer Dissertation Proposal Workshop, ordinarily in the summer after their second year of study, or after the first year for students who have an MA degree prior to matriculating.
All full-time students will take History 700 and at least two other substantive courses during each semester of their first year of graduate study. By the end of the first academic year of study, all full-time first year Ph.D. candidates should have accumulated a total of six course units.
Full-time students will take two courses during each semester of their second year of graduate study. One course – either a seminar or a tutorial - must include a significant research component, resulting in an article-length research paper. In addition, students will gain valuable experience as teaching assistants. During these semesters, students will be registered by the Graduate Coordinator for Hist 800 (Pedagogy in History), to coincide with their teaching assistantship.
At the end of their second year (first year for students with M.A. degrees from other institutions) students will participate in the Summer Dissertation Proposal Workshop. Through a process of discussion and revision, each participant prepares a proposal of his or her eventual dissertation topic. The first six weeks are spent in seminar. Thereafter, students conduct research for the remainder of that summer. Information gleaned from this research is incorporated into a final draft, which the student must place in her/his file before scheduling the candidacy examination. In special circumstances, students may, with the written permission of their advisors, participate in the dissertation proposal workshop after their third year of study (second for students with M.A. degrees or the equivalent number of course credits from other institutions).
Ph.D. candidates with M.A. degrees from other institutions and who completed their course requirements in the second year will have taken their Ph.D. candidacy examinations at the end of that year, so that the summer following may be devoted to dissertation research. All other full-time students may take up to two graded courses plus Hist 800 each semester, so that by the end of their third year of study, they will be prepared for their candidacy exam and ready to conduct dissertation research in their area of specialization.
The Executive Committee of the Graduate Group shall consist of the Graduate Chair and six other faculty members, each appointed for a term of two years; the terms shall be staggered if possible so that two new appointments shall be made each year. New appointments shall be made by the Graduate Chair in consultation with the Graduate Committee. The Committee membership shall represent the Department's various areas of interest.
Two graduate students shall be elected by their peers to serve on the committee. New appointments will be made each year, with at least one student appointed having previous experience in Clio to retain institutional memory. Preferably, one Graduate Student Representative will be ABD and the second Graduate Student Representative will be in coursework phase to mirror the balance of the graduate student population. The Graduate Student Representatives on the Executive Committee will have the same rights and responsibilities as the faculty members in deliberations on all matters concerning educational policy. They will not participate in deliberations on personnel matters, e.g., admissions and financial aid.
The Graduate Committee, in consultation with the Graduate Dean, shall determine the number of qualified students to be admitted into the M.A. and Ph.D. programs. The Committee shall determine the qualifications of applicants on the basis of their grade point average, GRE scores, specific training in History, personal statements of professional interests, writing samples, and references. In all cases where an applicant indicates a desire to work in a specific area represented on the Graduate Group Faculty, the professors in this field must approve the applicant's admission before the student is accepted. No student -- however well qualified -- will be admitted if the Graduate Committee judges that the candidate's needs cannot be met by the Graduate Group.
Fellowships for continuing graduate students shall be awarded solely on the basis of each candidate's academic performance. Recipients of such awards must be in good academic standing and their records clear of incompletes from the previous semester. Recommendations for renewal of fellowships are made by the Graduate Committee, guided by each student's advisory committee reports, advisors' letters to students, course evaluations, and the results of the Qualifying Evaluation and Candidacy Examination. The Committee will normally not override the recommendations of those faculty persons most familiar with each student's work.
Ph.D. candidates in good academic standing may generally expect to receive a total of four or five years of support by the department (depending on whether the student entered with the MA in history or not), so long as present levels of funding for graduate education are maintained by the University. These need not be chronologically continuous. Thus, a student resourceful enough to secure outside funding in his/her fourth year of study, for example, may be eligible for departmental funding in the fifth year of study.
Students who feel that they have been the victims of violations of the department's regular procedures may file a formal written grievance with (at their discretion) their advisor and/or the Graduate Chair, who will then convene a joint meeting of the Graduate Committee, the aggrieved student, if necessary the student's conference committee, a representative of the Clio Club, and/or the department chair in order to arrive at a mutually satisfactory resolution of the complaint. In the event of failure, the matter will, at the discretion of the student, be referred for decision to the Dean for Graduate Studies and/or the University Ombudsman.
The Graduate Committee will periodically review its policies and procedures and recommend any necessary substantive changes to the departmental faculty. Changes will take effect if the faculty approve them and shall go into effect in the September following their approval. Faculty and graduate students will be notified via email of all non-trivial changes.
The M.A. in History is designed for students with specific objectives such as community college or secondary school teaching, journalism, archival administration, library or public sector work, personal gratification, etc -- students who normally neither require nor desire a Ph.D. degree. For students completing the M.A. degree, admission to the Ph.D. program will be considered on the same basis as that of new applicants. There is normally no funding for M.A. candidates.
Complete a minimum of eight course, which may include History 700 (with the instructor's permission) but must include at least two 600-level courses and four additional graduate courses in the Department of History or other departments appropriate to their career objectives.
Write a Master's thesis oriented to their specific skills and career plans.
Pass a final examination based upon the Master's thesis and the statement of goals included in the original application for admission. This examination will be conducted by the candidate's academic advisor and at least one other Graduate Group faculty member.
The University of Pennsylvania requires no formal certification of language skills for the M.A., degree; however, certain technical competency requirements (including language) may be appropriate in the M.A. programs of particular students. In such cases they will be determined by the candidate in consultation with his/her academic advisor.
Students should consult The Graduate Division of the School of Arts & Sciences for additional guidelines to M.A. and Ph.D. studies.
*All policies and procedures are subject to change by the Graduate Division of the School of Arts and Sciences, and the Graduate Committee of the Department of History.


The world's A2P messaging community gathered in London last week to discuss growing the market and cutting out malpractice. MEF members led the conversation. Here are the highlights.
There was a nice treat in store for any visitor to last week's Messaging & SMS World 2018: a bird's eye view of the Tower of London. One of the world's most historic prisons, right there on the doorstep.
Inside the conference, the talk was also of crime and punishment, but of a much more contemporary kind. Specifically, delegates were asking: what can we do about A2P messaging fraud? About spam, SIM farms and SMiShing?
And on day one of the show, it was Mobile Ecosystem Forum that led the debate.
The timing was appropriate, given that MEF had just unveiled two important projects designed to take the fight to the fraudsters and improve awareness of the issue.
Gabriela Fernandes, Future of Messaging Programme Manager for MEF, kicked off the afternoon by introducing the first of them: the SMS SenderID Protection Registry.
This UK-based initiative was developed in a series of industry workshops to combat SMS-based phishing attacks. It lets merchants register and protect the message headers they use in SMS communications to consumers. It's in collaboration with with Mobile UK in a cross-network initiative with all four UK operators – EE/BT, O2, Three and Vodafone.
A trial of the Registry will start with the banking industry and UK government agencies in early 2019.
She was followed on stage by Ben Bannister, director of mobility and collaboration services at Tata Communications.
Bannister outlined the key findings of the second announcement from MEF at #MSW2018: the A2P Monetisation Study supported by Tata.
The study revealed the thoughts of more than 50 MNOs from all regions on fraud, malpractice, regulation, future monetisation and RCS.
One of the study's key insights was how much income being lost to fraud. Some MNOs believe it could be as much as 32 per cent of total A2P revenue. However, the average response said 9.4 per cent. Assuming the market to be worth $13.72 billion (source: Mobilesquared), that's nearly $1.5 billion a year.
In a panel session with MEF Members which closed the afternoon, the participants agreed that the 'cost' is very difficult to calculate. But they erred on the high side – mostly because of the sophistication of fraudsters.
Happily, the sector is having success defending against some frauds. Ashiqur Rahman, A2P product manager of Grameenphone, revealed the dramatic improvement after his MNO introduced traffic filtering.
Undoubtedly, excellent news. However, fellow panellist Ira Cohen VP, head of business development and marketing at MMD Smart, sounded a note of caution.
"We built these systems to tackle fraud, but the complexity is increasing all the time," he said. "It now includes the terminating operator layer. So, for example, in the US there are some operators that let you send messages about cannabis. But others don't.
The A2P Monetisation Study in association with TATA Communications takes a snapshot of the enterprise messaging market, identifying the key drivers and barriers to growth. It reveals how MNOs view the market today and tomorrow – including an outlook for RCS.
The report analyses 10 key findings and features interviews with study partners and industry experts TATA and Anam.


text:
Q: How to count data on ajax success? In php I am sending an array back to ajax on front end:
echo json_encode($totSaved);

Then on the front end I do:
...
 success: function(data) {
  setTimeout(function(){
    console.log(data);
    console.log(data.length);
...

Console:
console.log(data); = ["128545","128545"]

console.log(data.length); = 19

It should be giving me 2, what am I doing wrong?

A: As the result is 19 it seems that data is a string, not an array. As such you need to parse it, which you can do with JSON.parse():
success: function(data) {
  setTimeout(function() {
    var arr = JSON.parse(data);
    console.log(arr);
    console.log(arr.length);
  }, /* timeout delay */);
});

If you are always expecting a JSON response you could instead set the dataType property in the AJAX request settings to 'json'. That way jQuery will parse the response for you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Technology Consulting Team (TCS) provides technical and strategic guidance to both internal and external clients. This role is to provide Technical Account Management resource to IT Lab's fully managed clients. As a member of the team, you would be expected to deliver technical and strategic advice to a small number of fully managed clients via a mixture of on-site and internal meetings with the Service Delivery Manager and Account Manager. You will also be responsible for the production and quarterly updating of a client's technical roadmaps. As well as your full-service clients, you will be expected to work with the more general account management team on technical requirements that other clients may have - this will be on an as-needed basis. You will be expected to develop High-Level Designs that follow best practice, meet the client's requirements, and that also fit within the IT Lab product portfolio. Once created you will work with the Project Management function to ensure that any projects that are delivered follow the HLD that you have created.
During your engagements with clients, it is expected that you will uncover new technologies or gaps within the current portfolio that are required to meet a business requirement. As and when this occurs it is expected that you will research the technology and be able to provide a detailed analysis of a proposed solution, that can be discussed with the head of TCS. Via the Product and strategy board these requirements will undertake detailed analysis and if approved it is expected that you will work to develop a solution as part of the IT Lab technology onboarding strategy that will involve setting high-level implementation standards and training of other teams within IT Lab.
This role will be based in Russel Square in London; however, you will work amongst a team split across our Manchester and London offices.
Confidence in front of clients including strategy meetings, service review meetings, project meetings.
An innovator, able to identify key industry trends and contribute to ensuring our product offering remains industry leading.
An ability to embrace and manage change in a dynamic and fast-growing organisation.
Excellent benefits such as free breakfasts, pre-pay day pizza, on site massage days and loads of social activities!


text:
Sinners Never Sleep -You Me At Six
While this album does stand out from the other two albums by You Me At Six, I
still wasn't blown away.
None of the tracks are necessarily bad, thoough I don't care much for "Loverboy". Just none of them are greatly impressive to me. That is, with the exception of "Bite My Tongue" featuring Oli Sykes from Bring Me The Horizon. I first listened to the song because I was suprised they'd bring Oli into one of their songs. That is also my favorite track, I feel Oli's screaming is a nice contrast to their pop-punk sound.
The only song I seriously dislike is "Little Death". The music is good, I'll admit, but the message they appear to be giving out is awful. "We are not your lovers, we are not your friends. Fuck what you believe in 'cause this is the end." Seriously? What kind of message is that, You Me At Six? People should always believe in what they believe in, without that we have nothing! Terrible message there, absolutely terrible.
I'm not saying, however, that the rest of the songs aren't good, I just wasn't overly impressed. It all sounded as it I've heard it before, I just couldn't place where I had heard it. Don't just take my word for it though, listen to the album yourself. You may have a different opinion than me.
I don't feel this album is worth buying, it feels like they could have worked harder on it. I give this album two stars, because some lyrics are better than others, and it does have
one song I do really like.
o edit.


text:
Sinularia sandensis is een zachte koraalsoort uit de familie Alcyoniidae. De koraalsoort komt uit het geslacht Sinularia. Sinularia sandensis werd in 1977 voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Verseveldt.

sandensis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Zacisze Anny Korcz was a wonderful choice of a reception venue that Kasia and Mateusz made. When we arrived there on a scorching hot day, we found ourselves on a tranquil river bank right on the edge of a beautiful green forest. The setting was magic in itself, but Kasia and Mateusz made it even more dreamy with uncounted amounts of flowers and their hand-made rustic decorations – vintage furniture in a chill zone outdoors, jars with lemonade, pots of herbs for guests to take home and fun stationery on tables. Yet they didn't stop there, they also honoured their parents and grandparents by putting frames with their wedding photographs in the venue. That brought tears to many eyes.
Kasia and Mateusz prepared for their big day in Zacisze and once ready, they drove an old hipster Volkswagen to church in the heart of Warsaw. After declaring their love forever, the driver left Warsaw again and came back to Zacisze where the rest of the day unveiled.
It was a perfect wedding day. Kasia and Mateusz created a fun and loving atmosphere. It was a genuine unforced joy of getting together to celebrate. Family and friends had lots of fun dancing to world's best music played by the DJ, some chilled in the garden, some took crazy pics in a photo booth, while others still took the challenge of trying every dish from the buffet.
It was a true pleasure photographing such a delightful wedding and we would like to thank Kasia and Mateusz for trusting us with this important task.


text:
Q: Get a Flask script on the backend to communicate with the user's local database: possible? I have a Flask server and a React front. The main "actors" in the setup are (1) an excel sheet containing on the order 500 patient IDs, other biomarkers and
(2) a local(for each user) folder/"database" with 500 xml files containing those patients' complete ECG recordings.
Previously this application worked by letting the user upload a single .xml file to flask, where my scripts parsed it and returned a scalar.
So, upload a patient file -> get a patient "score" at the front.
At this point, my Flask needs to accept an excel sheet with multiple patient IDs, pull the corresponding xml files from the folder (on the user's system), run the scripts on each, and write the scalar result to the excel file, return an excel updated with scores.

My question is how to establish communication between the back-end flask script and a folder which is contained on the user computer?

The idea of the application is that the doctor uploads an excel with ids, specifies the directory containing the xml recordings corresponding to these ids and gets a result of a calculation added to their html based on these recordings and it seems unrealistic to send the whole database over an http request.
I've read some people saying that the input-file tag is the best that you can do for security reasons, but this doesn't seem right. It seems like a regular issue and i wonder what's the industry's solution to it.
I'm not hellbent on this particular architecture either so long as the idea functions.
Thanks a ton!


I love it Wendy! Lemon Drop and I will be following you.
George's trees not only have spirits but character and personality, too! And lots of presence. Their strength and beauty really capture the spirit of Louisiana and the Cajuns. The best art for me has a spiritual and mystical quality. Love George's work, and your blog.
Many thanks for reading and commenting, Jane and Charlotte!
oh my gosh! i love it! i just searched for this print because i was curious where to go have it appraised. i own it. as a matter of fact, wendy sold it to me back in the day. this was so cool to stumble upon and learn even more about the great piece of art hanging in my house.
Thank you R.K. And I'm so glad you're enjoying 'Spirits in the Trees'!


This week I have gotten things together enough to have a full unit on apples. We did everything from studying the life cycle of an apple, celebrating Johnny Appleseed's birthday, to making applesauce!
Applesauce - This is one of my favorite activities to complete with my students. We go through the steps of making the applesauce. We also review hygiene, kitchen tools, etc. It's amazing how many lessons can go along with making food in the classroom. Click HERE to get the recipe and activities.
Apple Task Cards - I love using task cards in my classroom (Click HERE to see my favorite ways of using them!). For our apple week, we had to incorporate them.
Scared Into Clean Hands - Another favorite apple activity promotes cleanliness. Last Friday, I took one apple and cut it in half. We placed one side untouched in a bag. The other side was passed around the room right after recess. This was placed in another bag. Today we compared the two apples. While the control apple had browned, it was nothing like the one below. This one had grown mold. It was disgusting! The picture does not do it justice. I love the students' reactions to this experiment (and hope the resulting hand-washing continues all year long).


I have lived my entire life being very very stingy. I remember going to the grocery store with my dad and learning to pick the products with the cheapest unit price and the generic knockoff brands.
All of my peers were broke during college, but then after college when my friends were getting salaries and benefits, I stuck around Charlottesville and nannied and waitressed while seeing what would come of this "singer-songwriter thing." I gave myself 2 years, telling myself I loved Charlottesville too much and if I didn't make myself move I'd end up living in one place my whole life and I wanted more experience in the world.
So after 2 years and a cross-country bike trip with Bike & Build, Boulder was calling to me as my next place to live (or Portland...those food trucks :).... but I had relatives in CO) and I packed up my things into my swirly-painted car and drove out here.
Now I live in a mobile home with 3 roommates. I don't eat out much, or even buy groceries. I clean at the yoga studio to be able to afford it and buy all of my clothes secondhand. I have a huge crack in my guitar that I gig with and after having it quoted at $200 to fix it, I just decided to keep playing it with the crack in it.
I've chosen everything about my life, I live within my means, and my lifestyle affords me the flexibility and freedom to be pursuing what I really want to do. But I still feel like a loser sometimes, as I can tell because it shows up in lyrics in my songs. Equating success and money is still a thing for people, even when by all other measures of success, I'm very successful. I'm happy, free, love what I'm doing, and have the best friends and family supporting what I'm up to.
So far in this Kickstarter campaign, some people I did expect to donate have, some people I expected to donate haven't, and a LOT of people I didn't expect to donate have. But being the recipient of SO much love and kindness through a mode that to me is so sacrificial is really changing my heart about the energy of money.
I've felt compelled to donate to those FB fundraisers that show up in the feed. I'm treating my friends to lunch. I gave 50 bucks to someone because I randomly felt like they needed it. And 20 bucks. And tipped at shows where I didn't even see the musician play. I can feel my stingy self loosening up a bit and I finally understand why giving gives the giver just as much, if not more, than the receiver.
If I don't make my stretch goal of 20k for this campaign, which doesn't look like it's going to happen, I'm still going to make a great album because of the kindness from others. But if I live the rest of my life remembering this lesson, then this Kickstarter is really life-changing for reasons far beyond this music project.
To everyone who has cheered me on, backed the Kickstarter, shared it with others, or offered help and ideas, thank you so much for showing this stingy girl a much-needed change of heart.


text:
Home Music Burgerrockk is making her name synonymous with success through music
Burgerrockk is making her name synonymous with success through music
Being a musician is not an easy task. It required a lot of determination and patience. Some musicians achieve success at an early stage, while some take years to reach their desired level. These musicians create a wide range of music with different beats, notes, and enthusiasm. Some are either popular or seeking a platform to showcase their talent in order to succeed. One such incredible artist is Burgerrockk who creates music with such zeal and passion that her songs are bound to be famous. Her thirst for music projects through every track he composed, which achieved success across music platforms.
It was her focus that made him believe that she could offer something new and refreshing to help rappers and musicians in the music industry. Her songs such as: Photos In Paris and No Playboy on Spotify, and other streaming platforms depict how great a musician she is. She reached this level because of her persistent drive, expressive voice, and extraordinary music understanding, and other skills.
Her main focus is to maintain a great attitude and style while making music as well as while singing. This proves her confidence in front of the mic, which showcases her madness for music. According to her, her music made him feel belonged and also made her understand her purpose in life. Apart from that, she loves to travel, that too in luxury and style. Her fashion sense is similar to her song's ground-breaking. The music beats created by her involve some deeply emphasized beats which are typically very fast. It will compel anyone to get lost in it. Her music is full of life, as she is an ambitious musician. She has so much passion and determination to make music that it could capture anyone's attention by just hearing it.
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Saints have three players in the 34-strong England Knights Performance Squad announced today (Tuesday).
They are 22-year-old scrum half Danny Richardson - a member of last year's Super League Dream Team and the leading goals and points scorer in the competition - prop Matty Lees (21) and 23-year-old back rower Jack Ashworth, who is included in the squad for the first time.
The Knights will join the 30-man England Performance Squad at their first get-together of the season next month, and will hold a number of other meetings and training sessions in the remainder of the year - with at least one home fixture being planned for this autumn, when the senior Great Britain squad are on tour in New Zealand and Papua New Guinea.
Head coach Paul Anderson said: "We think this is an exciting group of players, all of whom know from their selection that they are very much in the thoughts of the England coaches.
"Involvement in the Knights' set-up gives them the chance to impress, as has been shown by the England debuts made by so many players from the KPS last year, and the inclusion in this year's England Performance Squad of Robbie Mulhern and our 2018 captain Jack Hughes.


text:
Deseret NewsSports
Real Salt Lake returns home seeking an attacking breakthrough
By James Edward @DNewsPreps
Published: March 29, 2019 2:28 pm
Los Angeles FC's Steven Beitashour, left, slides for the ball next to Real Salt Lake's Kyle Beckerman during the second half of an MLS soccer match Saturday, March 23, 2019, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Marcio Jose Sanchez)
Real Salt Lake, FC Dallas have taken similar approach in building squads
HERRIMAN — As shorthanded Real Salt Lake tried unsuccessfully to eke out a result at Los Angeles FC, a continent away one of the reasons it was shorthanded slept in preparation for his return flight to the United States.
Albert Rusnak was with his Slovakian National Team last week for a pair of Euro 2020 qualifying matches. In the first game Rusnak scored a goal in a 2-0 win at home over Hungary, and in the second match Slovakia dropped a narrow 1-0 result in Wales.
When Rusnak awoke Sunday morning in Wales, he quickly checked his phone and saw that his RSL teammates had been minutes away from securing a result at LAFC before conceding a 92nd-minute goal.
"I could fully transform myself into the guys who played, the feeling is not nice," said Rusnak.
Rusnak was one of five starters from the first three games who wasn't available at LAF last weekend, but all five could be back in the starting lineup this Saturday when Real Salt Lake hosts FC Dallas (7 p.m., KMYU).
After back-to-back road losses, getting a result at home and getting the season back on track is top priority.
It starts at the back, where Real Salt Lake has been pretty good when at full strength, but the attack needs to pick things up a bit as well.
Through four games Real Salt Lake has scored just three goals, and two of those were penalty kicks. The only open play goal this season was scored by Rusnak in the season opener at Houston.
Rusnak should be full of confidence against FC Dallas after scoring in the 85th minute with Slovakia to clinch the win over Hungary.
"It's always a special feeling, we started qualifiers with a win at home, which was big because it was a small derby, I would call it because of the political reasons back home with Hungary," said Rusnak.
It was his fifth goal with Slovakia since 2016, but he quickly put it into perspective.
"Every goal is a good feeling for a player, it doesn't matter who it's for. The national team games are important and every game I play here is important as well, so to me it doesn't make any difference," said Rusnak.
International goals fire up a whole nation, though, instead of just a club's fanbase.
Rusnak is confident that Real Salt Lake will get back to create chances against Dallas this Saturday. He said that wasn't a problem against Houston and Vancouver the past two weeks, but acknowledged that red cards and unavailable players the past two weeks made creating chances difficult.
Midfielder Kyle Beckerman said it's important to keep that strong defensive foundation that's been present in every half this year outside of the unfortunate second half at D.C. United.
"We'd like to at least hold that defensive effort and organization and keep that as standard and bring that every game in the times we are playing defense," said Beckerman.
FC Dallas rolls into town with a 2-1-1 record, but is 0-1 in its only road game this season. RSL is 1-0 in its only home game.
James Edward James is the prep editor and Real Salt Lake beat writer.
@DNewsPreps
jedward@deseretnews.com
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text:
Algerije was een van de deelnemende landen aan het wereldkampioenschap voetbal 2014 in Brazilië. Het was de vierde deelname voor het land. Vahid Halilhodžić nam als bondscoach voor de eerste keer deel aan het WK. In 1982 nam hij als speler van Joegoslavië deel aan het WK in Spanje. Algerije werd in de tweede ronde na verlengingen uitgeschakeld door Duitsland.

Kwalificatie

Algerije mocht de kwalificatiecampagne voor het wereldkampioenschap starten in de tweede ronde. Het land maakte net als Mali, Benin en Rwanda deel uit van groep H en kende geen problemen om zich te plaatsen voor de derde ronde. Algerije begon op 2 juni 2012 met een klinkende 4-0 zege tegen Rwanda dankzij onder meer twee doelpunten van El Arbi Hillel Soudani. Een week later liet Algerije punten liggen in Mali; het werd 2-1 ondanks een vroeg doelpunt van Islam Slimani. In de daaropvolgende dubbele confrontatie met Benin toonde Algerije zich telkens de sterkste. In zowel de thuis- als uitwedstrijd werd het 3-1 in het voordeel van Algerije. Met in totaal drie doelpunten had Slimani een belangrijk aandeel in de twee zeges. Nadien wonnen de Algerijnen opnieuw van Rwanda. Het werd 0-1 na een doelpunt van Saphir Taïder. Algerije, dat door de zege al zeker was van de volgende ronde, versloeg op de slotspeeldag ook Mali. Voor eigen volk werd het 1-0. Soudani scoorde het enige doelpunt van de wedstrijd.

Voor de loting van de derde ronde werd Algerije op basis van de FIFA-ranglijst in pot 1 geplaatst. Daardoor ontliep het sterke landen als Ivoorkust en Ghana. Algerije moest het uiteindelijk opnemen tegen Burkina Faso, de finalist van de Afrika Cup die onder leiding stond van de Belgische coach Paul Put. Algerije verloor de heenwedstrijd in Burkina Faso met 3-2, maar scoorde wel twee belangrijke uitdoelpunten dankzij Sofiane Feghouli en Carl Medjani. De terugwedstrijd, die een maand later werd georganiseerd, werd door zoveel mensen bijgewoond dat er verscheidene gewonden vielen. Het team van bondscoach Vahid Halilhodžić won het duel met het kleinste verschil dankzij een goal van Madjid Bougherra. Door de zege was Algerije zeker van deelname aan het WK.

Kwalificatieduels

Tweede ronde

Derde ronde

WK-voorbereiding

Wedstrijden

Het wereldkampioenschap

Loting
Op 6 december 2013 werd er geloot voor de groepsfase van het WK in Brazilië. Algerije werd ondergebracht in Groep H en kreeg daardoor Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro en Curitiba als speelsteden voor de groepsfase. Ook België, Zuid-Korea en Rusland kwamen in Groep H terecht.

De FIFA maakte op 13 mei bekend dat de slogan van het Algerijns elftal, zichtbaar op de spelersbus, "woestijnstrijders in Brazilië" is. De slogan werd door supporters gekozen.

Uitrustingen

Technische staf

Selectie en statistieken

Wedstrijden

Groepsfase

1/8 finale

Land op het wereldkampioenschap voetbal 2014


text:
IFOAM World Congress and General Assembly: Inspiration and Outcomes
27.10.2014 by Redaktion (comments: 0)
The concluding event at the 18th IFOAM World Congress on 15 October 2014 in Istanbul was attended by around 350 participants. Evaluation of the Congress by IFOAM's managing director Markus Arbenz was positive, but he took the opportunity at the end of this two-day international event to demand that in future everyone should have access to organic products. The keynote speakers also pointed to the way forward. The Congress was followed by the two-day General Assembly, where important decisions were made and the election of board members and the office of IFOAM President was carried out.
Picture: Some of the more than 800 attendees at the IFOAM World Congress assembled for a group photograph in front of the Istanbul Congress Center At the end of the IFOAM World Congress (see our earlier report), managing director Markus Arbenz highlighted the positive developments in the organic sector but, with concrete proposals, he also emphasised the urgent need to achieve food security for the world's population with healthy food from sustainable, organic and fair production - local production units, short transport routes and innovative methods in agriculture are, in his view, the key to a good regional supply that makes fair prices possible.
(Picture: The attentive audience at the concluding event)
Addressing his comments to politicians and the world of politics, he said that it is essential and high time that all environmental costs caused by conventional agriculture were included in the price of food, because only then would prices be comparable and organic products no longer be perceived as elitist. Bhutan's Minister of Agriculture, Lyonpo Yeshey Dorji , reported on the efforts made by the kingdom to ensure that all cultivation is 100 % organic by 2020. The Bhutan project to measure the gross national product in terms of the happiness of its citizens is well known around the globe. Less well known, however, are the measures to implement a step change in agriculture, although this fundamental shift is already being imitated in the organic movement and in federal states in India – for example in the southern states of Kerala and Karnataka and in Sikkim in the north. (Pictures: Bhutan`s Minister of Agriculture reporting on his country's ambitious plan to convert agriculture to 100 % organic by 2020. The two speakers responding to questions from the audience)
Secretary Rasit Pertev represented the UN Organization IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) and encouraged the organic movement to get even more involved in political work and to do more lobbying. He also called for organic certification to be made more affordable for small farmers – he said he would then not be worried about the future of the organic movement. In his view: "We've got to continue developing and implementing the Bio 3.0 concept." After two days of intense discussion, numerous information events, a small organic exhibition and a lot of networking during the breaks, the get-together of the worldwide organic family with the motto "Building Bridges" came to an end.
Immediately after the World Congress, the IFOAM General Assembly was held on 16 and 17 October 2014 and was attended by 292 delegates entitled to vote from around 40 nations. After welcoming everyone to the General Assembly, IFOAM president Andre Leu talked about the focal points in the organization's activities. In particular, their presence on the internet has been increased and, in order to enhance the perception of the worldwide association, the words Organics International will be added to its title. In the course of the year, IFOAM representatives took part in events and trade fairs in all parts of the world. (Picture: Registration board for the General Assembly)
IFOAM managing director Markus Arbenz gave an overview of the budget that will likely show a deficit this year of around €100,000. This issue and budget plans up to 2017 were discussed and a number of questions were asked. Thanks to some big projects and sponsors, the income side of the budget will probably rise from the current €1.6m (expenditure €1.7m) to €2.86m in 2017, and expenditure to €2.80m.
(Picture: Chairing the General Assembly over the two days were Katherine Di Matteo, USA, and Helmy Abouleish, Egypt)
Arbenz regretted the fact that, especially in comparison with the decidedly positive development of worldwide organic markets, IFOAM had very small financial resources at its disposal. He also pointed out that money was increasingly coming from organizations that expected a service in return, and not only for the maintanance of the organic movement. After clarification on all questions, the General Assembly approved the actions of the management unanimously. (Picture: Markus Arbenz presenting the budget and plans up to 2017)
The new Advocacy Manager presented current and planned activities: this year, work is focused on intensifying political activities in the international context (for example, the UN) and on communicating the importance of the work of family farms in the International Year of Family Farming 2014. The presidents and representatives of national groups reported on the challenges they face and their successes. The IFOAM EU Group, with a staff of 17 under the leadership of Marco Schlüter and Christopher Stopes (picture), must continue to strive to influence many decisions taken in the DG Agri and the European Parliament that impact on the organic industry (more info here). (Picture: The IFOAM World Office and leader members of national groups)
New national IFOAM groups are being formed all the time. This was seen after the World Conference in South Korea, where the Asian IFOAM Group was established and already has 100 members. The newly constituted group in the Russian-speaking part of Asia, a recent group in Iran and a group in South Africa, have similarly ambitious plans. All national groups have a common aim – to promote the organic movement worldwide and to build bridges. Following the presentation of the new national groups, two farmers from the Fukushima region reported on their efforts to overcome the aftermath of the catastrophe. A representative from a university researching the issue also made a contribution. (Picture: Marco Schlüter and Christopher Stopes from the IFOAM EU Group, and Thomas Cierpka, IFOAM Head Office Bonn)
One of the most important items on the agenda was the election of the new board (see our earlier report). 17 representatives from around the world stood for election to the World Board (9 members): Dr. M. Reza Ardakani (Iran), Marian Cioceanu (Rumania), James Cole (Ghana), Frank Eyhorn (Switzerland), Ulrich Hoffmann (France), Matthew Holmes (Canada), Matthew John (India), Andre Leu (Australia), Peggy Miars (USA), Liu Qingdong (China), Gerold Rahmann (Germany), Juan Pablo Sciurano (Italy), Manjo Smith (Namibia), Gabriela Soto (Costa Rica), Eva Torremocha (Spain), Roberto Ugas (Peru) and Zhou Zejiang (China). For the next three years the following will be on the board: Markus Arbenz, Roberto Ugas, Eva Torremocha, Gabriela Soto, Zhou Zejiang (last row from left), Frank Eyhorn (vice president), Manjo Smith (vice president), Peggy Miars (second row from left), Gerold Rahmann, Matthew John and Andre Leu (president). (Pictures: The new World Board was elected by the General Assembly, and the President by the board)
Roberto Ugas introduced IFOAM's strategy for the next three years. Two important projects will address the development of mountain regions in Nepal, Pakistan, Kirgizia, Ethiopia und Peru.. Both projects are financed by development organizations. Pursuing a new strategy that was the subject of much discussion during the Congress, they will go beyond the focus on 100 % organic in the direction of sustainability and cooperate with organizations whose aims coincide with those of IFOAM. On the evening of the first day of the plenary session, the countries wanting to host the IFOAM World Congress in 2017 introduced themselves: Brazil, China, India and Russia. The following day, the General Assembly chose India, and the next IFOAM Organic World Congress will take place in New Delhi.
(Pictures: Representatives from India, China and Russia presenting their case for organizing the IFOAM World Congress 2017 in their country)
During the General Assembly on 16 and 17 October, eleven motions were discussed and voted on individually (motions here). The objectives included drawing attention, with campaigns and statements, to the fundamentals of agriculture in the Year of the Soil 2015. There was a motion to develop a position paper on genetic engineering, to create recycling loops and criteria for the utilization of waste, and to provide openings for and contact with organizations that pursue similar goals to those of IFOAM. Motions 51 – 55 were unanimously adopted by the General Assembly and are on the agenda of the World Board and the organization for the period up to 2017.
After the motions of the Board, the members had the opportunity to make their own formal proposals (motions 61 – 67): with motions 61 and 62, the General Assembly voted for IFOAM increasing its work on eco seed and plant breeding, particularly in the context of genetic engineering, cell fusion and other breeding techniques detrimental to organic farming. Other issues were an updated statement by IFOAM of its position on nuclear power and renewable energy, the creation of an IFOAM beekeeper work group and the re-structuring of members' contributions.
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text: Q: Create custom hotspot in Android 8.0 Oreo I am trying to figure out how to setup a custom hotspot with a certain ssid and pass on Android Oreo. I know that there is a way to toggle the hotspot, but I can't seem to find a way to configure the hotspot to have a certain ssid and pass. Is there any way to do this now?


So many years have passed since your new paintings at the Marlborough Gallery caught your friends and supporters off-guard. Among your embattled partisan crowd, Bill de Kooning was almost alone in supporting your change of direction; after all, like you, he did what he wanted to do, when he needed to do it.
Thanks for having me over the other day to look at your new paintings. It's a great place! Not very many painters have an oblique view of the river to the west and in other directions a sky filled with high-rise buildings.
I've yet to see your show in the Tisch Gallery at MoMA, but I just received an e-mail from a friend with a link to Jed Perl's review in the New Republic, "The Irredeemably Boring Egotism of Cindy Sherman" (March 14, 2012).
On a visit to New York last November, I visited Carol Szymanski and Barry Schwabsky. On the walls of their apartment are many beautiful works, though the one that had me immediately walking over to take a closer look was a small gouache on paper. It was one of yours.
It's been more than a few years since you last visited me in New York; you wouldn't believe the changes that have taken place since you were here on the Bowery. Galleries are opening all over the neighborhood, even on the first floor of my building where Simone Subal, former director at Peter Blum, has just opened a space.
How is life in Santa Cruz? Are you back to swimming again? For some reason, I feel I owe you an overdue letter. This is probably because I said I would review your recent book on Martin Buber, as we discussed some time ago.
The other day, when I came out of the C-Town at Wyckoff and Dekalb, I saw a woman wearing beige leggings made of polyester lace that featured a big repeating flower pattern, and I thought of your paintings.
I'm so glad you're enjoying the Gustave Moreau book I gave you. I thought it might appeal to the jeweler in you. Alas, you won't see much of Moreau's work here in the States—he's far too complex and "over the top" for most American tastes, which is why his painting "Oedipus and the Sphinx" (1864) is always allocated to such an out-of-the-way gallery in the Metropolitan Museum.
I visited your exhibition at Bureau Gallery a few weeks ago knowing very little about you or your work. I feel like I know you much better now, which is perhaps unsurprising given the autobiographical character of your sculpture.
If you were to examine how we regard nature in its current condition, would you consider our culture to be in an entropic, near-apocalyptic downturn or on the verge of environmental revolution and innovation?
WOW! Just got back from your opening at Pavel Zoubok's gallery, and once again your work took my breath away. 1984 invokes the ghost of George Orwell and the East Village of bygone times.
First things first: You are still missed as one of the most interesting abstract painters working after the Second World War. Your work shows a prescient regard for painting issues that are still ongoing today, and there is a purity in your efforts that is memorable.
Now that I am off the coast of Venezuela and can think—but I better be quick about it, I'm about to cross into Guiana, skirting Suriname, and also Raphael needs this quickly, well, not that he needs it exactly, but quickly, yes!—now I can write to you.
I saw an art exhibition today that made me think of you. The small paintings in William Anthony: Ironic Icons II were done in a primitive style that reminds me of the stuff you were working on in the early 1900s.
When we speak of ritual, what exactly is it that we are speaking of? Is ritual something, an action or a thought, that we come to of our own volition? Or is it something forced upon us—a deep-seated template for engaging with the world, embedded within the psyche via a multitude of childhood experiences and repeated social conditionings—something that we as adults have internalized to the point of sublimation?
I was not familiar with the specific term heta-uma before I spent an awkward hour at an art school alumni event held, fortuitously, at The Hole during Theo A. Rosenblum and Chelsea Seltzer's giddy, gaudy exhibition, Two Heads are Better than One.
I'm interested to know your thoughts on the recent exhibitions, screenings, and forums that have focused on artistic engagement with television content, formats, and viewership.


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Financial Digest
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Hot Property Alert
New rules for fire safety guides, checklists and Close The Door signs deadline April 30 - by Evan Lipstein
November 19, 2019 - Design / Build
Evan Lipstein
The FDNY has just formalized a new rule 3 RCNY 401-06, entitled, "Fire and Emergency Preparedness Guide, Checklist and Notices." The FDNY adopted this new rule to implement the provisions of Local Laws 114 and 115 of 2018.
Local Law 114 directed the fire department to develop, in consultation with the Department of Emergency Management (NYCEM) and the Mayor's Office for People with Disabilities (MOPD), an emergency-planning checklist. This checklist must be given to all apartment building residents, including individuals with limited mobility or other disabilities or special needs, to assist in the development of individualized emergency evacuation plans. The checklist inform residents about the availability of evacuation assistance devices and other means of evacuation and recommended measures that individuals with disabilities or limited mobility should take to prepare to evacuate a building in case of emergency, such as identifying neighbors who can provide assistance in an emergency.
There are special areas of concern when it comes to fire safety in apartment buildings. Families in apartment buildings live close together; affecting each other's risks associated with fire. While the chances of a fire starting in an apartment are about the same as in a private home, apartment fires have the potential to spread fire, heat and smoke throughout the building affecting the safety of all occupants.
Since 2000, New York City has required apartment building owners to print and distribute residential fire safety guides to apartment building residents and building staff, and to post fire safety notices on the inside of dwelling unit entrance doors and in building lobbies. The purpose of these fire safety guides and notices is to promote fire safety and fire prevention in apartment buildings; help educate residents and building staff about the design and construction of their building, including construction type, fire protection systems and means of egress; and outline emergency procedures to assist residents in the event that they are confronted by a fire and need to determine what action to take to protect themselves and their families.
This new law applies to all residential apartment buildings and occupancies classified in Occupancy Group R-2 except any building or occupancy that is occupied as a homeless shelter and that has a fire alarm system with voice communication capability, school dormitories, college and university dormitories, and student apartments.
The fire department is mandating distribution of an emergency preparedness/evacuation planning checklist to all apartment residents. If you print the guide and checklist it must be printed as a single-sided or double-sided document, stapled or bound, in full-page or booklet format with a page size not smaller than 8.5x11 inches nor larger than 8.5x14 inches. Instead of a printed copy, the owner may distribute the fire and emergency preparedness guide by email if the building residents have provided email addresses. The law further requires that the distribution of the fire and emergency preparedness guide is documented by a USPS certificate of mailing or other proof of mailing, or, if hand delivered, by receipt signed by the building's residents or the building staff member, or by sworn affidavit of the employee or agent of the owner who actually delivered the fire and emergency preparedness guide identifying the date and manner of delivery and the dwelling units to which it was delivered or the names of the building residents or building staff who received it. There is a record keeping requirement, owners must maintain a printed record of the distribution of fire and emergency preparedness guides sent by electronic transmission to show record that they were delivered to residents.
The purpose of the fire and emergency preparedness notice serves to inform building residents and building staff about evacuation procedures and to provide other guidance in the event of a fire or non-fire emergency in the building or occupancy. These notices must be printed and mounted in the following locations: On the inside of every dwelling unit door of each dwelling unit in the building and in a conspicuous location near any common mailbox area customarily used by building occupants, or if there is no common mailbox area, in a conspicuous location in or near the elevators or main stairwell. Each fire and emergency preparedness notice shall be securely affixed, no lower than four feet from the floor, nor higher than five and a half feet from the floor.
The FDNY will also require apartment buildings to post a sign indicating that those escaping a fire should close all doors behind them. The mandated sign must read: "In a Fire, Close All Doors Behind You! Keep Fire and Smoke Out of Building Hallways and Stairs. Keep Apartment and Stairwell Doors Closed at All Other Times. Protect Your Neighbors and Your Home!" The mandated rule posting in on the public hallway side of stairwell doors. The purpose of the "Close The Door" sign is to provide a clear, visible reminder to building residents of the importance of closing each door as one exits one's apartment and building during a fire. Closing these doors serves to contain the fire and smoke within the apartment, assist in firefighting operations and prevent smoke from entering the stairwells through which building residents may need to evacuate.
Evan Lipstein is the president and owner of Hyline Safety Company, Manhattan, N.Y.
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Investment Sales: Brooklyn will become the choice for New Yorkers who plan to stay - by Justin Conway


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The Boards of EIT Health Germany and EIT Health UK-Ireland, respectively, are pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. Katharina Ladewig as Managing Director, EIT Health Germany, effective 1 January 2018. Dr. Ladewig has been an active member of the EIT Health community since its incorporation phase, and led the UK-Ireland Co-Location Centre (CLC) as Managing Director since October 2015.
"With the appointment of Dr. Ladewig we chose a leader, who will enthusiastically drive forward the position of the German CLC within the EIT Health community as well as its role in the European health innovation ecosystem." adds Dr. Volker Lodwig (Board of Directors, EIT Health Germany).
With her appointment to the role of Managing Director EIT Health Germany, Dr. Ladewig follows in the footsteps of Dr. Armin Pscherer, who left the organisation in March 2017. Until the appointment of her successor in the UKI CLC (anticipated for early 2018), Dr. Ladewig will continue to manage the day-to-day business of EIT Health UK-Ireland.


I knew the doctors were wrong-this dragged-out undiagnosed ailment had nothing to do with stress. I just had to prove it.
[media-credit name="" align="aligncenter" width="1000″][/media-credit] Danelle Boychuk of Woking, Alta., shares this adorable photo of her son, Kolby-the referee-happy to drop the puck for his friends, Teeghan and Hailey Shura. "Hockey is a passion for these three!" says Danelle. If you have a great one-liner for this picture, share it in the comments below!


1, bamboo material natural environmental protection, installed tasteless. The overall renovation of the room, then there is no paint this process, to solve the decoration materials and paint a long time the volatile taste of the problem.
2, high grade, grade. Bamboo wall panels were originally used for hundreds of years ago in the European castle and the Royal Palace, and today the bamboo wall panels are more widely used in high-end villas and five-star hotels, giving the essence of classical culture and art is the high-end People seeking high-end lifestyle and enjoy the first choice.
3, bamboo and ultraviolet radiation and radiation have a strong absorption, and bamboo can make the light scattering, reduce eye fatigue and damage, reduce noise, promote sleep quality.
4, bamboo fiber wall panels on the sound of the perfect diffuse reflection, the effective buffer of the impact of heavy bass, and the material itself on the sound bad sound waves of good absorption, which in the space to form a perfect three noise reduction function, a substantial increase in life three the time of sleep quality.
5, bamboo fiber board is a bad conductor, the use of bamboo fiberboard room will be cool in winter and cool, and because the bamboo itself on the room air humidity can play a regulatory role, so in Europe has hundreds of years of history of the castle and the palace, bamboo fiberboard can be seen everywhere, is the choice of high-grade decoration.
6, bamboo fiberboard has a high compressive strength and flexural strength, is the upgrading of latex paint products. Wear, damage to the performance of far better than the common paint and wallpaper, if the child is more appropriate at home. Home TV background, sofa background, restaurant background and bedside background and other areas can be a good protection of the wall, more can hang or paste decorative paintings and warm photos.
1. Q: Where is your loading Port?
4. Q: How long of the delivery time?


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Mechanism of HIV-1 TAR miRNA in protecting against apoptosis.
Role of miRNA in HIV-related cancer.
Lecturing in Micro236 on viral genomics/pathway analysis.
Joined the Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine.