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Lee v. McArthur and Ashers Baking Company
Closed Mixed Outcome
Decision - Procedural Outcome, Reversed Lower Court
2018 UKSC 49
United Kingdom, Europe and Central Asia
Supreme (court of final appeal)
Civil Law, Constitutional Law, International/Regional Human Rights Law
Political Expression
Gender Identity/Sexual Orientation, Sexuality, Freedom of Religion, Coerced or Compelled Speech, LGBTI
The UK Supreme Court held that anti-discrimination laws in Northern Ireland could not be read as compelling providers of goods, facilities and services to express a message with which they disagree, unless justification is shown for doing so. This case concerned a local business, Ashers Bakery, which had refused to take an order from a gay man for a cake that read "Support Gay Marriage". The person who asked for the cake, Mr. Lee, successfully brought discrimination claims before the courts in Northern Ireland on the basis that he had been discriminated against on grounds of his sexual orientation, political opinion or religious belief. The Supreme Court disagreed with the lower courts, reasoning that the bakery would have refused to supply this cake to anyone, whatever their personal characteristics. Therefore, there was no discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation. To the extent to which there was discrimination on the basis of political opinion, the Court found no justification for compelling the bakery's speech in this case.
The case concerned Gareth Lee, a gay man who volunteered with an organization that worked with the LGBT community in Belfast, Northern Ireland. In May 2014, Mr. Lee went to a bakery called Ashers Bakery and placed an order for a customized cake. The cake was for an event to mark the end of "Northern Ireland Anti-Homophobic Week" and to further support the legalization of gay marriage in the country. He specifically asked the bakery to decorate the cake with the organization's logo alongside the caption "Support Gay Marriage."
Mr. and Mrs. McArthur, who ran the bakery, were Christians who sincerely believed that (a) the only form of full sexual expression which is consistent with the Bible is that between a man and a woman within marriage, and (b) the only form of marriage consistent with the Bible was that between a man and a woman. They both sought to run the bakery in accordance with their beliefs, but this was not advertised anywhere. Mr. Lee was also not aware of this and he could not find any leaflet or advertising warning him of religious or political restrictions on customized cakes. Days after Mr. Lee made the order, the McArthurs contacted Mr. Lee and informed him that his order could not be accepted because their shop was a "Christian business" and they could not, in good conscience, make the cake.
In November 2014, Mr. Lee brought a claim against the shop and the McArthurs, alleging that the refusal to complete his order had violated the Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations (NI) 2006 (SORs) and the Fair Employment and Treatment (Northern Ireland) Order 1998 (FETO). He claimed direct and indirect discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation, religious belief or political opinion. The District Court of Northern Ireland held that refusing to complete the order was direct discrimination on all three grounds and awarded Mr. Lee £500.
The bakery and the McArthurs appealed the ruling of the District Court to the Court of Appeal of Northern Ireland. The Court of Appeal served a devolution notice and notice of incompatibility on the Attorney General, who then became a party to the proceedings. On October 24, 2016, the Court of Appeal affirmed the District Court's decision, holding that Mr. Lee had suffered direct discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and that it was not necessary to interpret the SORs to take account of the McArthurs' rights under the European Convention on Human Rights.
The appellants then went on appeal in the Supreme Court of Northern Ireland.
Lady Hale delivered the opinion of the Supreme Court (Court). The judgment considered the sexual orientation and political opinion claims separately.
Sexual Orientation Claim
The Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations (NI) 2006 (SORs) stated that a person discriminates against another if, on the grounds of sexual orientation, they treat that other person less favorably than he treats or would treat other people. The SORs went on to state that it was unlawful for any person concerned with the provision of goods, facilities or services to the public or a section of the public to discriminate against a person who seeks to obtain or use those goods, facilities or services by refusing or deliberately omitting to provide him with any of them. Mr. Lee had claimed direct discrimination under these provisions.
In relation to this claim, the McArthurs argued that the case did not concern the refusal to provide goods to a customer on the grounds of sexual orientation; rather they refused on the basis of the slogan supporting gay marriage (i.e. it was the message and not the messenger). They argued that while support for same-sex marriage is related to sexual orientation and is supported by many individuals within the LGBT community, the fact that the message included sexual orientation "in the mix" was not enough to establish direct discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation. Further, they said, that the District Judge erred by comparing the treatment of Mr. Lee with a person of a different sexual orientation who wanted a different message ("support heterosexual marriage"), rather than a person of a different sexual orientation wanting the same message ("support gay marriage").
The Court noted that the provision was not limited to treating people less favorably on the grounds of the sexual orientation of that person. It was left open that a person may be treated less favorably because of another person's sexual orientation, and still fall under the law. The Court of Appeal reasoned that "this was a case of association with the gay and bisexual community and the protected personal characteristic was the sexual orientation of that community." [para. 28] The Court rejected this argument. The evidence was that the bakery both employed and served gay people and treated them in a non-discriminatory way. There was no reason to find that they refused to supply the cake because they thought Mr. Lee was thought to associate with gay people. The reason was simply their religious objection to gay marriage. [para 28]
The Court noted that where the reason for less favorable treatment has something to do with the sexual orientation of some people, does not mean that the less favorable treatment is "on grounds of" sexual orientation. Furthermore, the message in itself did not only benefit gay people, it accrued to the benefit for their families and friends. Lady Hale went on to clarify that "[i]n reaching the conclusion that there was no discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation in this case, I do not seek to minimise or disparage the very real problem of discrimination against gay people. Nor do I ignore the very full and careful consideration which was given to the development of the law in this area […] It is deeply humiliating, and an affront to human dignity, to deny someone a service because of that person's race, gender, disability, sexual orientation or any of the other protected personal characteristics. But that is not what happened in this case and it does the project of equal treatment no favours to seek to extend it beyond its proper scope." [para. 35] The Court concluded that the SORs do not, in the circumstances of this case, impose a civil liability for the refusal to express a political opinion or express a view on a matter of public policy contrary to the religious belief of the person refusing to express that view.
Political Opinion Claim
FETO had similar provisions to those in SORs on discrimination based on political opinion in the provision of goods, facilities and services. The Court found no reason to doubt that support for gay marriage was a political opinion for the purpose of this case. The Court held that the less favorable treatment prohibited by FETO must be on the grounds of the religious belief or political opinion of someone other than the person meting out that treatment. [para 45] The Court held that there was no less favorable treatment on the ground of political opinion because anyone else would have been treated in the same way. The Court reasoned that the objection was not to Mr. Lee because he, or anyone with whom he associated, held a political opinion supporting gay marriage. The objection was to being required to promote the message on the cake. The less favorable treatment was afforded to the message, not to the man. [para 47] The Court also took into account the fact that the bakery was prepared to serve him in other ways.
Nonetheless, in this case, the Court reasoned that the person ordering the cake had a close association to the message on the cake. It could then be argued that they were "indissociable" for the purpose of direct discrimination. The Court found it appropriate, therefore, to consider the impact of the McArthurs' rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (Convention) upon the meaning and effect of FETO. The Court noted that the rights to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion were protected by Article 9 of the Convention and the right to freedom of expression was protected by Article 10 of the Convention. The Court noted that the right to freedom of expression includes the right not to express an opinion. Here the bakers were being required to produce a cake that would require them to express a message with which they deeply disagreed.
The Court noted that these rights under the Convention were qualified rights, which meant that businesses offering services to the public are not entitled to discriminate on certain grounds. In Lady Hale's words, "businesses offering services to the public are not entitled to discriminate on certain grounds. Hence, the Asher's Bakery could not refuse to provide a cake – or any other of their products – to Mr. Lee because he was a gay man or because he supported gay marriage. But that important fact does not amount to a justification for something completely different – obliging them to supply a cake iced with a message with which they profoundly disagreed. they would be entitled to refuse to do that whatever the message conveyed by the icing on the cake – support for living in sin, support for a particular political party, support for a particular religious denomination." [para 55] The Court concluded that FETO should not be read or given effect in such a way as to compel providers of goods, facilities and services to express a message with which they disagree, unless justification is shown for doing so.
In a postscript, the Court noted the recent judgment of the US Supreme Court in Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission and sought to distinguish the facts of that case from the present one. The Court concluded that "[t]he important message from the Masterpiece Bakery case is that there is a clear distinction between refusing to produce a cake conveying a particular message, for any customer who wants such a cake, and refusing to produce a cake for the particular customer who wants it because of that customer's characteristics. One can debate which side of the line particular factual scenarios fall. But in our case there can be no doubt. The bakery would have refused to supply this particular cake to anyone, whatever their personal characteristics. So there was no discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation. If and to the extent that there was discrimination on grounds of political opinion, no justification has been shown for the compelled speech which would be entailed for imposing civil liability for refusing to fulfil the order." [para. 62]
Mixed Outcome
This case has a mixed outcome. The judgment restricts freedom of expression by permitting viewpoint discrimination in the provision of goods, services and facilities in cases where a business owner has to express something with which they disagree. This might make it more difficult for some people to obtain goods or services that convey a message that they associate with (e.g. obtaining cards for gay weddings). However, the Supreme Court also noted that such goods, services or facilities could be compelled where there is a sufficient justification for doing so. This will come down to the balancing of rights in specific cases. The case also expands freedom of expression by recognizing the concept of compelled speech. In short, it recognizes that the right to freedom of expression includes the right not to be compelled to speak against your wishes.
ECHR, art. 9
ECHR, art. 10
ECtHR, Dudgeon v. United Kingdom, App. No. 7525/76 (1981)
ECtHR, Gillberg v. Sweden, App. No. 41723/06 (2012)
Bressol v Gouvernement de la Communite Francaise [2010] 3 CMLR 559
Schnorbus v Land Hessen [2000] ECR 1-10997
Bayatan v Armenia (2011) 54 EHRR 467
ECtHR, Kokkinakis v. Greece, App. No. 14307/88 (1993)
The Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2006
The Fair Employment and Treatment (Northern Ireland) Order 1998
McKay v Northern Ireland Public Service Alliance [1994] NI 103
Ryder v Northern Ireland Policing Board [2007] NICA 43
Gill v NI Council for Ethnic Minorities [2001] NIJB
Northern Ireland Act 1998
Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973
Government of Ireland Act 1920
Other national standards, law or jurisprudence
U.K., Bull v. Hall, [2013] UKSC 73
U.K., Shamoon v. Chief Constable [2003] UKHL 11
U.S., Hands on Originals, Inc. v. Lexington-Fayette Urban Cnty. Human Rights Comm'n, No. 14-CI-04474, slip op. at 9 (Fayette Cir. Ct. Apr. 27, 2015)
U.K., Human Rights Act 1998
U.K., James v Eastleigh Borough Council [1990] 3 WLR 55
Can., Brockie v Ontario (Human Rights Commission) (2002) 22 DLR (4th) 174
U.S., State of Washington v Arlene's Flowers 19 December 2014
U.K., Showboat Entertainment Centre Ltd v Owens, [1984] ICR 962
U.K., Serco Ltd v Redfearn [2006] EWCA Civ 659
U.K., English v Thomas Sanderson Blinds [2008] EWCA Civ 1421 CA
This is a judgment of the Supreme Court of Northern Island and will have binding value on all the lower courts within its jurisdiction.
The decision was cited in:
Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India
Official Case Documents:
Judgment (Court of Appeal of Northern Ireland)
http://www.courtsni.gov.uk/en-GB/Judicial%20Decisions/PublishedByYear/Documents/2016/[2016]%20NICA%2039/j_j_MOR10086Final.htm
Summary of Judgment (Court of Appeal of Northern Ireland)
http://www.courtsni.gov.uk/en-GB/Judicial%20Decisions/SummaryJudgments/Documents/Decision%20in%20Ashers%20Bakery%20Appeal/j_j_Summary%20of%20judgment%20-%20Lee%20v%20Ashers%20Baking%20Co%20Ltd%2024%20Oct%2016.htm
The Belfast Bakers and Freedom of Expression
https://www.theguardian.com/law/2016/oct/26/the-belfast-bakers-and-freedom-of-expression
Gay cake' cases show strength of Christian right legal armies on both sides of the Atlantic
https://www.opendemocracy.net/5050/nandini-archer-claire-provost/gay-cake-cases-strength-us-uk-christian-right-legal-armies
Supreme Court Judgment 10 Oct 2018
Defamation / Reputation, Hate Speech, Political Expression
Awan v. Levant
Blog, Civil Defamation, Fair Comment, Hate Speech, Internet, On-line Expression, Religion
Federal Prosecutor v. Soleyana Shimeles Gebremariam and others (Zone 9 Bloggers)
Blog, Human Rights, Imprisonment, Internet, Terrorism
National Security, Political Expression, Violence against Speakers / Impunity
Turkish Academics for Peace Working Group Communication on Behalf of Prof. Dr. Füsun Üstel
National Security, Public Order, Defamation / Reputation, Political Expression
Bahrain: An Analysis of the Legitimacy of Charges Against Sheikh Maytham Al Salman


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UN Women Executive Board, Annual Session
Back to Media and resources
Ministry Statements & Speeches: 27 June 2016
Peace, Rights and Security
Delivered by Carolyn Schwalger Deputy Permanent Representative of New Zealand to the United Nations, 27 June 2016.
Mr President
New Zealand congratulates UN Women on its successful delivery of the Strategic Plan. Momentum towards gender equality and women's empowerment is stronger than ever before. Broad participation is a critical success factor for women's empowerment. It is encouraging that last year over 1,100 non-government organisations participated in the Commission on the Status of Women. Despite some progress, life remains extremely hard for large numbers of women and girls, for example, those working very long hours in unpaid labour. These women need opportunities to express the full range of their talents, and to be properly compensated for their contribution. Gender mainstreaming throughout the UN System has increased in depth and breadth. We congratulate UN Women and all those responsible for the significant increase in the number of UN entities meeting or exceeding requirements under the UN System Wide Action Plan for gender equality.
New Zealand commends UN Women for the quality of its evaluations. Though we understand that the Pacific hosts a comparatively small population spread over a large area, New Zealand would like to see greater evaluation coverage in the Pacific region over time.
Small Island Developing States now have a strong framework for gender responsiveness through the SAMOA Platform. The 2012 Pacific Leaders Gender Equality Declaration sets out goals and targets for gender equality in the region. New Zealand appreciates the work being undertaken by UN Women in the Pacific towards the implementation of high level commitments made by Pacific Leaders.
For example, UN Women works in four Pacific Island countries through its Markets for Change Programme, to improve conditions for vendors in markets who sell agricultural and other products. The majority of these vendors are women and over time, local authorities have begun to consult these women about the running and organisation of these markets. We look forward to learning more about the review of the regional architecture of UN Women. We will look for assurances from UN Women that it takes into account the costs associated with working in the Pacific, including the need for long distance travel and coordination. New Zealand is interested in UN Women's preliminary analysis that it is having some success in influencing the development of the work plans of UN Development Assistance Frameworks (UNDAFs). We are pleased that UN Women intends to deepen its analysis in this area. UN Women's mandate may be best served by influencing other UN agencies to promote gender equality and women's empowerment as cross-cutting issues in their programme activities.
New Zealand strongly supports the work of UN Women on UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women Peace and Security. The 2015 Global Study on implementation of this resolution shows the value of engaging women in all areas of work on peace and security. New Zealand is supportive of efforts to ensure that the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence are brought to justice and that survivors receive adequate support to assist their reintegration into communities without stigma.
To conclude, New Zealand continues to demonstrate its support for UN Women through our multi-year funding commitment, and wishes UN Women well for the complex task ahead of development of its new strategic plan.
UN Security Council: Debate: The situation in the Middle East (UNDOF)
UN Security Council: Open briefing: United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


After the success of the first edition, also this year the Festival of Gardens takes place in Villa Reale in Monza from 23rd May to 2nd June, dedicated to the theme of urban gardens with many events dedicated to the green, the transformation of public areas and the self-production of food resources.
The event includes a series of initiatives, such as horticulture courses, cooking lessons, children's workshops, show cooking and other events, shows and concerts every day.
Thanks to the collaboration of many architects and designers, some self-production courses will be organized to teach people how they may realize a home vegetable garden, as a response to the needs of a healthy and economic alimentation, in an urban context with social, educational or just panoramic targets.
In addition, the dining area of the Festival will offer visitors examples of natural and macrobiotic cuisine using local food.
During this event there will be the participation of primary schools, that will create a large vegetable collective garden preparing different kinds of plots of vegetables, flowers and plants.
This interesting initiative was thought to create new "green" places, where you can relax, use the urban space in a different way, with a focus on the environment and on the quality of life itself. So gardens become a place where people can socialize, but also a way to assert their own creativity and imagination.
So we may suggest you to stay at the Hotel Villa San Carlo Borromeo, a beautiful hotel a few kilometres from Monza, and at the Fortezza Viscontea, which is absolutely exclusive, where you will be surrounded by the magic atmosphere of an ancient past.
This entry was posted in Historic and Luxury Castles, Upcoming Events, icastelli.net news, Italy and tagged alimentazione salutare, cucina macrobiotica e naturale, ecologia, eventi orticoltura, festival, fortezze lombardia, healthy alimentation, horticulture events, hotel lombardia, hotel monza, luxury hotel, luxury resort, macrobiotic cuisine, palazzo storico, pollice verde, progetti botanici, resort di lusso. Bookmark the permalink.


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How many choices does it take to make a cleric in OD&D, AD&D, and 4E?
By tavisallison 13 Comments
Tags: 4E, characters, D&D, new-school, old-school, theory
Inspired by my previous post about character building in AD&D and 4E, I made a Google spreadsheet tracking how many decisions it takes to create a character in three different editions. Since the number varies depending on character type, I chose to focus on the human cleric I was making as a pregenerated character for my Anonycon AD&D and 4E games. I didn't include choices like a characters' name which have no mechanical effect on the game, and didn't consider decisions about equipping a character.
To make a 1st level cleric in OD&D, you make decisions about your class (3 options), race (4 options), alignment (3 options), and languages spoken (no specific options given beyond "all other creatures and monsters which can speak have their own language"), for a total of 4 choices from among 10 options.
In AD&D, that same 1st level cleric requires 7 choices: class, race, gender (which has mechanical effects in AD&D, unlike any other edition), alignment, languages, and spells (1 because AD&D clerics have a spell at 1st level, and 2 more because this cleric has bonus spells from 18 Wisdom). Counting each multiclass possibility as a separate option, these selections are made from among 60 unique options (you choose 3 times from among the same set of 12 spells; this counts as a dozen unique options, not 36.) I didn't include deity both because it has no mechanical effects and because the AD&D PHB says nothing about this choice for clerics or any other class, as far as I can tell!
In 4E, you make 23 separate decisions in the course of building a 1st level cleric: class; race; alignment; languages; class build; deity; point buy decisions for Strength, Constitution, Intelligence, Dexterity, Wisdom, and Charisma; four trained skills; two feats; a bonus ritual; three at-will powers, one encounter, and one daily. If you're just using the 4E PHB , you make these selections from among approximately 165 different options.
To make my 4E cleric I used the Character Builder, which includes all currently published material for 4E, and made a total of 27 decisions from among 780 options to choose from. It might be interesting to make a similar comparison against all AD&D material, including the roll-swap decisions from the DMG Appendix P and the non-weapon proficiencies from Unearthed Arcana. My suspicion would be that this would probably bring up the number of choices into the 4E range, but provide nowhere near as many options to select from.
The differences between editions are reduced when making a higher-level character is the focus of comparison. In OD&D, creating a 10th level cleric requires a total of 19 more selections (picking spells) from among 36 unique options. In AD&D, it's 27 decisions from among 106 options. In 4E, it's 34 choices from among 193 new options. (Note, too, that these choices will stay more or less fixed, while the older-edition clerics could re-choose their spells each day).
What are these data good for?
One thing we can do is to quantify the oft-repeated maxim that in 4E, making a fighter is like making a spellcaster in older editions. In AD&D, making a fighter of any level only requires five choices (as long as you're rolling stats in order and not using non-weapon proficiencies). We can now say definitively that making a first-level fighter in 4E requires about as many choices as it'd take to build a 8th level cleric in AD&D.
More generally, this confirms my intuition that 4E character creation requires making many more decisions and considering more options than in previous editions. It also allows us to make conceptually dodgy but numerically-supported statements like "one character creation choice in OD&D is worth six in 4E" (if we accept the premise that, as with randomness, making fewer decisions gives each one a proportionally greater significance) or "4E's character creation process is seventy-eight times deeper than OD&D's" (if we accept that the fundamental unit of a game's depth is the number of meaningful options it presents to the players).


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REQUIEM beim RSA in Montreal
Mrz 262011
Das REQUIEM-Projekt war mit drei Panels auf der 57. Jahrestagung der Renaissance Society of America (RSA) in Montreal, Kanada vertreten.
Link zum Veranstalter: www.rsa.org
REQUIEM I: Tombs between Spain and Italy in the 15th Century
Organizer: Judith Ostermann, Co organizer: Anett Ladegast
Chair: Benjamin Paul (Rutgers University)
Anett Ladegast (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
Three Faces of One Bishop: the Roman Chapel of Juan de Coca
The burial chapel of the Spanish bishop Juan de Coca (d. 1479) in the Roman church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva is today almost forgotten. Yet, it provides a programmatic reflection on the roles of portraits as well as on the concept of identity in an Early Modern sepulchral context. Coca who commissioned the building well before his death appears in three different representations on the – no less than two – personal tombs of the chapel. In my talk I will explore this rather remarkable phenomenon and investigate why Coca cared in such a precise fashion for his Roman afterlife, even though, in the end, he never intended to be buried in the city. According to his testament, his remains were transferred to his Spanish family chapel in Burgos where a third tomb already waited for him.
Grit Heidemann (Universität der Künste Berlin)
New in town: Spanish Tombs and Family Chapels in Naples of the late 15th Century
After the Aragonese had displaced the Anjou-Durazzo in Naples in 1442, Spanish nobleman arrived in the new residence of the Catalan dynasty. There they were facing a powerful, closely linked local nobility. Through its division into local centres of power, the Seggi, the Neapolitan nobility consisted of closed circles, which remained nearly inaccessible to foreign noblemen. With the support of the Aragonese crown, however, certain Spanish families managed to establish themselves and in order to underline their new status built tombs and family chapels. This paper will discuss some of these late 15th century monuments, situated in Santa Maria di Monteoliveto, the church of the Aragonese in Naples, focusing in particular on the interaction between the new patrons and the local artistic language in order to investigate whether the Spaniards attempted to assimilate themselves in Naples.
Judith Ostermann (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
A Fallen Favorite's Triumph: Alvaro de Luna's Toledo Tomb
The astonishing history of Alvaro de Luna (c: 1390-1453) has long raised questions. The closest confidant of the young king John II. of Castile (1405-1454) not only dominated the politics of the reign, but also became the most famous favorite in Spanish history altogether. To make way for his tomb, he did not refrain from removing three choir chapels of Toledo cathedral. His funeral monument even dwarfed the tombs of the Castilian kings once in the cathedral's choir, just as he had outshone his royal patron in his lifetime. Given de Luna's tragic downfall and his end on the scaffold, the sumptuous ostentation of his chapel is highly remarkable and its political backgrounds deserve further investigation. De Luna's tomb was intended not only to rehabilitate the fallen favorite, but also to promote the further social ascension of his family.
Luciano Migliaccio (Universidade de São Paulo)
Renovatio and Translatio: Cultural Transfer in Spanish Tomb Sculpture in XVIth Century.
Tomb sculpture served as an important medium for the reception of 'al romano' Renaissance forms in monumental Gothic buildings in Spain in the first half of the 16th century. This is the case in the tomb of Cardinal Pedro González de Mendoza in Toledo Cathedral, whose authorship will be newly discussed. This is also the case in the tombs by Fancelli and Ordóñez in the Capilla Real at Granada, and those by Ordóñez in Alcalá de Henáres and Coca. Analyzing these works and their iconography will throw new light on the interpretation of the Roman ideas of Renovatio and Translatio Imperii in the Iberic countries and on the social role of the artist as proposed in Medidas del Romano by Diego de Sagredo.
REQUIEM II: Tomb strategies in the Era of the Reformation
Organizer: Ruth Slenczka (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
Co organizers: Anett Ladegast (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Judith Ostermann (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
Chair: David Drogin (Fashion Institute of Technology, New York)
Ruth Slenczka (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
The tomb of Martin Luther – a Protestant Relic?
Though attracting many visitors from the beginning, Luther's grave in Wittenberg remained without a sepulchral monument for more than three hundred years. For the original bronze relief showing an almost life-size portrait and intended to mark the grave was transferred to Weimar in 1547 as soon as the court moved there. Later, after the Smalcadian War, the elector Johann Friedrich had lost his title and his capital and the tomb was transferred to Jena in 1571 where it was presented to the public just as a relic displayed behind glass. The episode allows further investigation of Protestant attitudes towards sepulchral monuments in general. I want to explore the question whether Luther's presence in his tomb as exhibited in Jena was regarded as "real" in the way that relics suggested a "real" presence of saints in Roman Catholicism.
Esther Meier (Universität Dortmund)
Protestant Memory and images: the tomb of Philip the Magnanimous in Kassel
In the last decades research has focused on Catholic memoria, either on its verbal expression in liturgy or on the visual representation of the dead in images and tomb monuments. This paper, instead, will focus on Protestant memoria, in which the relation to the dead and the character of liturgical memorialization has fundamentally changed. Considering the emphasis on the word in Protestant theology, one may have think that tomb monuments would also look different from those of the Catholic Church. In the monumental and sumptuous tomb of Count Philipp (1504-1567) in S. Martin in Kassel, however, the visual component seems to be just as important as in Catholic tombs. This paper thus argues that even though Protestants may have emphasized the written word Protestant memoria is constituted primarily through images.
Nadine Lehmann (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Geschichtswissenschaften, Lehrstuhl Frühe Neuzeit)
Reformed Iconoclasm and the Representation of Rulers. Dynastic Tombs and the Sovereign – Monopolisation of the Church Interior
During the 17th century iconoclasms took place in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire whose sovereigns converted to Calvinism. The iconoclasms were officially decreed and especially took place in the main churches at the princely seats. Because of the absolute ban of images one would have expected that the tomb monuments of the dynasties were removed as well. But the exact opposite happened. The sepulchral monuments were left untouched during all iconoclasms. The reason for keeping these images in the church was their benefit to the sovereigns by underlining the continuity of rulership. After the iconoclasms the princely tombs became the focal point of sovereign power in the thus monopolised main church and as a consequence stabilised the princes who had experienced a crisis of legitimacy after their conversion.
REQUIEM III: Sepulchral Representation in Early Modern Rome
Organizer: Anett Ladegast, Co organizer: Judith Ostermann
Chair: Steven Ostrow (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis)
Philipp Zitzlsperger (Akademie für Mode und Design, Berlin)
The embodiment of the absent: Roman Cardinals' Cenotaphs in the aftermath of Trent
Roman cardinal tombs of the 16th and 17th century developed into three important directions: 1. the portrait of the deceased changed from the representation of a dead to a living person—from the 'gisant' to the portrait bust; 2. in the Counter-Reformation the tomb architecture increasingly adopts the form of Roman high altars; 3. the remains of the deceased cardinal increasingly are separated from his monument, which thus transforms into a cenotaph. Considering these changes not as coincidences but as a logical development provides new evidence for the social role of the dead in early modern Rome. The history of tomb sculpture thus provides a key to a better understanding of memory and representation.
Laura Windisch (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
Casanate, Legros, and Dominican Memorial Strategies
In his testament, the influential Dominican Cardinal Girolamo Casanate (1620-1700) requested a modest tomb. Yet, the executors of his will did not respect this last wish: Commissioning a precious memorial in the Lateran from the fashionable and well established French sculptor Pierre Legros (1666-1719) they rather re-activated Italian High Renaissance traditions. Casanate's sepulchral monument became a showcase for the intellectual and artistic prestige of the order renowned up to the Enlightenment for its struggle against presumed heresy. Founding a public library in Rome the cardinal intended to re-activate this tradition: the Biblioteca Casanatense was supposed to promote Catholic orthodoxy against the religious separatisms of Gallicanism, Jansenism, and Molinism. In my paper I intend to analyse Casanate's tomb within the broader context of Dominican memorial strategies as well as of the ecclesia triumphans.
Tobias Weißmann (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)
Il Gesù e Maria in Rome: A Family Mausoleum for the Bolognetti Brothers
When Giorgio Bolognetti (1595–1686), former papal nuncio at the French Court founded the high altar in the church of Il Gesù e Maria in 1678 it should constitute only the beginning of one of the most spectacular family representations in a Roman church. Until his death eight years later Bolognetti had turned the church of the Discaled Augustinians into a family mausoleum for him and his five brothers. Referring to diverse iconographic sepulchral traditions the monuments designed by Carlo Rainaldi interact with each other and the high altar in a theatrical composition that recalls Bernini's Cornaro chapel and anticipates the sepulchral art of the early 18th century. This paper will discuss how the Bolognetti monuments served both the Discaled Augustinians and the patrons to establish themselves in Rome, resulting in a highpoint of funeral family representation in Rome.
Tagungsbericht "Grabmal und Identität – Geschlechterbilder in der Sepulkralkultur" Projektvorstellung und Buchrezension in der FAZ
Philipp Zitzlsperger Grabmal Almut Goldhahn Papst Memoria Kardinal Arne Karsten Volker Reinhardt Studientag Werkstattgespräche Daniel Büchel Bernini Alrun Kompa Laura Goldenbaum Vatikan St. Peter Rom Florenz Totenkult Enrico Caetani Quattrocento Andreas Gormans Barock Prosopographie Anett Ladegast Judith Ostermann Birgit Emich S. Maria del Popolo Karsten Asshauer Carolin Behrmann Horst Bredekamp Kenotaph Datenbank


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D. Krenz
Archived Record Houston, TX — Previous P for Shell Gas Pipeline Company
D. Krenz Overview
D. Krenz has been associated with three companies, according to public records. The companies were formed over a eleven year period with the most recent being incorporated twenty-four years ago in May of 1997. Zero of the companies are still active while the remaining three are now listed as inactive.
Background Report for D. V. Krenz
Includes Age, Location, Address History for D. V. Krenz
Companies for D. Krenz
Shell Gas Pipeline Company
Shell Destin Company
Ocean Breeze Pipeline Company, L.L.C.
Connections for D. Krenz
A connection is made when two people are officers, directors, or otherwise associated with the same company. D. has twenty-eight known connections and has the most companies in common with D. Halphen.
D. P. Halphen
D. P. Halphen has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
S------------------------y
S------------------y
O-----------------------------------.
B. P. Backor
B. P. Backor has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
J. K. Bayersdorfer
J. K. Bayersdorfer has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
J. W. Bracewell
J. W. Bracewell has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
T. L. Cook
T. L. Cook has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
M. A. Creel
M. A. Creel has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
Srvp
L. B. D Strebel
L. B. D Strebel has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
J. L. Daily
J. L. Daily has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
D. Dawson
D. Dawson has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
V. W. Demaria
V. W. Demaria has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
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J. L. Giles has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
M. R. Ihrig
M. R. Ihrig has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
Tax Officer
G. L. Macgregor
G. L. Macgregor has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
Actlr
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W. W. Berry
W. W. Berry has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
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N. S. Bushman has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
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J. C. Culp has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
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V. W. De Maria has the following companies in common with D. Krenz
Known Addresses for D. Krenz
1301 McKinney St Houston, TX 77010
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Historic Hotels America
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Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States
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What better place for an intimate vacation than at one of this country's remarkable historic hotels? Each of these historical locations exudes an alluring atmosphere optimal for a romantic getaway.
Explore Jackson Square, Bourbon Street, and the rest of the French Quarter.
Members, donors, supporters, and volunteers of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, its historic sites, and its affiliates or of organizations deemed Friends of Historic Hotels of America® save up to 30% off the Best Available Rate at participating hotels.
New England is among the most historic places to discover, explore, and experience.


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Q: Why MAX() will not pick respective maximum value row details? Employee
**|employeeId|  name    |salary |address|**
---------------------------------------------
|1          |John   |45000  |San Fransisco|
|2          |Michel |100000 |Attil|

If I want to select Max salaried person details in Employee table, currently I had to write 2 queries, out of which one is inner.
Query 1)
Select *
From Employee
Where salary = (Select MAX(salary) From Employee)

Query 2)
Select MAX(salary), employeeId
From Employee

Result:
**|MAX(salary)|      employeeId|**
-------------------------------
|100000|             1|

If MySQL MAX function designed such a way to select max salary and max salaried employee id in one shot, (as currently MAX will not guarantee this) I would have written very thin queries :( Because most of the requirements will not just stop at finding maximum of an entity property, they would always show interest in all properties of MAX entity. Like here in our case, I just don't want to find what is maximum salary. I am actually interested in that employee details.

*

*Why MySQL (MAX)is not doing this?

*If we talk about Single responsibility of MAX, currently it's doing fine and enough. But why are they allowing to select some property after doing MAX(), which is actually confusing me?. Because how can I expect that selected results could be any random value, which does not belong to MAX ly selected entity.(As in the above [Query 2] result, employeeId 1 is no way related to Max salary 100000)

*Rather than giving some random result, what is the harm to give results that are the actual properties of MAX ly selected entity? (As it could be 100000 as max salary and 2 as employeeId)

A: I absolutely love why questions.. they make me think.
Why MySQL (MAX)is not doing this?
max is a scalar value it will return 1 and only 1 result per grouping. If you had multiple records being returned because of employeID is being returned, the result would no longer be scaler.  Say if multiple employees had the same salary
If we talk about Single responsibility of MAX, currently it's doing fine and enough. But why are they allowing to select some property after doing MAX(), which is actually confusing me?. Because how can I expect that selected results could be any random value, which does not belong to MAX ly selected entity.(As in the above [Query 2] result, employeeId 1 is no way related to Max salary 100000)
It likely has to do with order of operations in the engine.  The from clause, the where clause the group by ... having... then the select orderby.  Since the group by happens before the values are selected, having different values added to the from because they "Tie" with the max would make the group by inaccurate.  cardinality  between records would get messed up and math done on subsequent queries would become inaccurate.
Rather than giving some random result, what is the harm to give results that are the actual properties of MAX ly selected entity? (As it could be 100000 as max salary and 2 as employeeId)
So in my belief, due to order of SQL operations, and the nature of max being a scaler value per grouping, and the need to group by to behave and to maintain carnality; all max can do is return a single value per grouping.  all other attribute data must be garnered by subsequent queries.

A: You don't need a subquery for this -- if you want one row:
select *
from Employee
order by salary desc
limit 1;

This query:
Select MAX(salary), employeeId
From Employee;

is malformed.  Happily, the more recent versions of MySQL will generate an error for this query (as do almost all other databases).  MAX() is an aggregation function.  This query is better interpreted as:
Select MAX(salary), ANY(employeeId)
From Employee;

Alas, ANY() is not a recognized aggregation function.  The point is that the salary is the maximum salary.  The employeeId is an arbitrary employee id from some row in the table.
You seem to be confused about the role of different clauses in a SQL query.  The SELECT clause specifies what columns in a particular row to return.  It does not specify which rows to return, just which columns.
In a simple SELECT with no JOIN or GROUP BY, the WHERE clause determines the rows being returned.  The WHERE clause only knows about a particular row, so it it not privy to the maximum value.  That is why an additional subquery is needed.

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Piers de Montfort proposed to Nicola Conolly-Carew on the cliff top by his house in County Cork. Their wedding turned out to be equally dramatic. The festivities took place in the Houses of Parliament, as was appropriate for a descendant of Parliament's founder, Simon de Montfort. However, the best man's wife was unconvinced by the House's safety measures and refused to leave her hat in the reception area in case it was stolen. Setting a precedent, Black Rod gave permission for the couple to leave the House by boat. They were escorted by river police, with a fanfare from the trumpeters of the Blues and Royals. Guests gave a rendition of 'Just one Cornetto', which was enthusiastically accompanied by the passers-by on Westminster Bridge.


* Cleric urges Libyan government to "Fear God"
DUBAI, Feb 28 (Reuters) - Sons of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi have failed to persuade prominent Saudi clerics to issue religious rulings against a revolt that is threatening to bring down the veteran leader, Al Arabiya television said on Monday.
The Saudi-owned channel said on its website that Gaddafi's son Saif al-Islam had contacted one cleric, Salman al-Awda, and Saadi Gaddafi had reached out to a second, Ayedh al-Garni, but both rejected their calls.
"You are killing the Libyan people. Turn to God because you are wronging them. Protect Libyan blood, you are killing old people and children. Fear God," Garni said he told Saadi. Garni made the remarks on air on Sunday, the website said, adding Awda gave the same message to Saif al-Islam. Awda has a weekly television show on Saudi-owned pan-Arab channel MBC1 and has been praised by al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden before as a religious scholar he felt did not toe the government line. Garni gave lectures in Libya last year.
Gaddafi's forces have been trying for days to push back a revolt that has won over large parts of the military and ended his control over eastern Libya. Gaddafi has accused followers of al Qaeda of staging the protests in the east, where Islamists have clashed with government forces in the past. Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam and the ruling al-Saud family see the clerical establishment, who have wide powers in society, as the leading authority in mainstream Sunni Islam. The world's top oil exporter is nervous that protests sweeping the region, which have included its neighbours Bahrain, Oman and Yemen, could ignite dissent on its own territory.
Activists have set up Facebook pages calling for protests on March 11 and 20 in Saudi Arabia. These have attracted over 17,000 supporters combined. Last week King Abdullah, a close U.S. ally, ordered wage rises for Saudi citizens along with other benefits in an apparent bid to insulate the kingdom from the wave of protests. Gaddafi has long been an unpopular figure in Saudi Arabia, which once accused him of plotting to assassinate the king. Clerics close to the government have said it is not the place of religious scholars to back protests or otherwise. But others have said Gaddafi is an illegitimate ruler and denounced him as an apostate.


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The First Black Senators and Representatives
Category: Groups
The 41st and 42nd Congress of the United States. Reconstruction saw the election of an African American senator, Hiram Revels of Mississippi, and several members of the House from the South. After a brief period of Republican control in the South which saw major improvements in the lives of African Americans, Southern states instituted new laws aimed at intimidating black political activities.
Hiram Rhodes Revels was born free in North Carolina. Revels served as an army chaplain for a black regiment during the Civil War and helped set up schools for the freed people. After the War, Revels moved to Mississippi. In 1869 the Mississippi legislature elected him to the United States Senate, in which he was the first African American member. After serving from February 1870 to March 1871, Revels continued his dedication to education.
Benjamin Sterling Turner was born a slave in 1825 in North Carolina. Turner moved to Alabama with his owner and was sold when he was twenty years old. During the Civil War, Turner raised enough money to purchase some property, and after emancipation he worked as a merchant and a farmer. In 1870, he successfully campaigned for an Alabama seat in the House of Representatives. He served one term in the Forty-second Congress, from 1871 to 1873.
Josiah Thomas Walls was born a slave in Winchester, Virginia, in 1842. In July 1863, in Philadelphia, he enlisted in the Third Infantry Regiment, United States Colored Troops. Discharged in October 1865 in Florida, he remained in that state.
Walls elected to be Florida in Congress in 1870 but lost his seat early in 1873 when the candidate he had defeated successfully challenged his election. Walls had won an at-large seat in 1872, so he returned to Congress and won again in 1874, but early in 1876 he lost his seat once more because of another successful challenge to his election.
Also born into slavery in South Carolina, Joseph Hayne Rainey was the first African American to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives and was the first black man to preside over the House. While enslaved, Rainey worked as a barber in South Carolina and in Philadelphia where he married in 1859. During the Civil War, he worked for the Confederacy until 1862 when he and his wife escaped and went to Bermuda. After the war he and his family returned to Charleston. In 1870 elected to the House of Representatives to complete the term of a congressperson the House had refused to seat, reelected three times, and served until 1879.
Robert Brown Elliot was born in England. In 1867, Elliot moved to South Carolina, where he practiced law and entered State politics. Elliot was elected to Congress in 1870 and reelected two years later, serving from 1871 until he resigned in November 1874. While serving in Congress, Elliot advocated a bill that later became the Civil Rights Act of 1875.
Robert Carlos De Large was born to free parents in Aiken, South Carolina. De Large was elected to the House of Representatives and served from March 1871 until he lost his seat early in 1873 when the man he defeated successfully challenged the result of the election.
Jefferson Franklin Long was the second African American elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1870. He was born a slave in Knoxville, Georgia. Self-educated and trained as a tailor, he became a successful businessperson in Macon, Georgia, once the Civil War had ended. After Georgia was readmitted into the Union in 1870, Jefferson Long was elected to fill a vacant seat in the House of Representatives. Long served in the House from January 16 to March 3, 1871. He was the first African American to speak on the House floor. Long did not run for reelection and returned to Macon, where he resumed his business career.
Explore Shaping the Constitution
Since 1870, when Senator Hiram Revels of Mississippi and Representative Joseph Rainey of South Carolina became the first African Americans to serve in Congress, a total of 162 African Americans have served as U.S. Representatives, Delegates, or Senators. This Web site, based on the publication Black Americans in Congress, contains biographical profiles of former African-American Members of Congress, links to information about current black Members, essays on institutional and national events that shaped successive generations of African Americans in Congress, and images of each individual Member, supplemented by other historical photos.
Read biographical profiles of former African American Representatives, Delegates, and Senators that focus on their congressional careers. These profiles also have suggestions for further reading and references to Members' manuscript collections.
Black Americans in Congress: An Introduction
The arrival of Senator Hiram Revels of Mississippi and Representative Joseph Rainey of South Carolina on Capitol Hill in 1870 ranks among the great paradoxes in American history; just a decade earlier, these African Americans' congressional seats were held by southern slave owners. Moreover, the U.S. Capitol, the center of legislative government, conceived by its creators as the "Temple of Liberty"—had constructed with the help of enslaved laborers.
"The Fifteenth Amendment in Flesh and Blood," 1870–1887
These pioneering African American Representatives symbolized a new democratic order in the United States, proving not only courage but also relentless determination. They often braved elections marred by violence and fraud. With nuance and tact, they balanced the needs of black and white constituents in their Southern districts, and they argued passionately for legislation promoting racial equality.
"The Negroes' Temporary Farewell," 1887–1929
By the 1890s, most Black Americans barred from or abandoned electoral politics in frustration. Advocacy for blacks in Congress became more difficult. After North Carolina Representative George White's departure from the House of Representatives in March 1901, no African American served in the U.S. Congress for three decades.
Keeping the Faith, 1929–1970
With his election to the U.S. House of Representatives from a Chicago district in 1928, Oscar De Priest of Illinois became the first African American to serve in Congress since George White of North Carolina left office in 1901. But while the victory symbolized renewed hope for African Americans struggling to regain a foothold in national politics, it was only the beginning of an arduous journey.
Permanent Interests, 1971–2019
The modern era of African Americans' more than 140-year history in Congress began in 1971. During this period, black Members enjoyed a tremendous surge in numbers, reflecting a larger historical process, as minority groups and women exercised their new freedom to take part in American society. The post-1970 generation of Black Americans in Congress marked a watershed in American history—a transition from a period of prolonged protest to full political participation.
This page features materials designed to help teachers and students use the information presented in the Black Americans in Congress publication in their classrooms. It includes lesson plans on the African American pioneers who served on Capitol Hill from 1870 to 2007 based on the contextual essays from the Black Americans in Congress book, as well as activities on photographs, objects, and quotations.
Lesson Plan One: "The Fifteenth Amendment in Flesh and Blood," The Symbolic Generation of Black Americans in Congress, 1870–1887 - Lesson Plan (PDF) / Essay
Lesson Plan Two: "'The Negroes' Temporary Farewell," Jim Crow and the Exclusion of African Americans from Congress, 1887–1929 - Lesson Plan (PDF) / Essay
Lesson Plan Three: Keeping the Faith: African Americans Return to Congress, 1929–1970 - Lesson Plan (PDF)/Essay
Lesson Plan Four: Permanent Interests: The Expansion, Organization, and Rising Influence of African Americans in Congress, 1971–2007 - Lesson Plan (PDF) / Essay
Lesson Plan Five: Objects in Time - Lesson Plan (PDF) / House Collections Search
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Since 2009, Skillshare International has been working across Southern Africa to empower people living with HIV to access support and services to meet their needs.
We have been working across in Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland and South Africa in partnership with six regional and country networks of people living with HIV. Our work aims to empower our partners to tackle stigma and discrimination, influence policy and advocate for the rights of people living with HIV.
In 2007 an estimated 22.5 million people were living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2007. Southern Africa is particularly severely affected and a UNAIDS report (2007) showed it accounted for 35% of all people living with HIV and 32% of new infections and deaths across the world.
Saved up to 2000 lives. We have worked to increase access to support and services for those living with and affected by HIV, this has contributed to a decrease in the mortality rate in all the areas we have been working in.
Provided more than 24,000 orphans and vulnerable children with support. This has included psychosocial support, provision of access to education and through meeting material needs.
Established and strengthened community groups to support people living with HIV and provide home based care for those in need. These groups have become some of the most dynamic and active community led groups in the area.
Stigma and discrimination has been drastically reduced, enabling people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHIV) to access support and services and a greater number of individuals in the community coming forward for testing.
The overall well being of Support Group members has been improved, due to increased access to food and nutrition resulting from livelihood activities which enables increased adherence to treatment and improved effectiveness of medication.
The programme has successfully empowered local volunteers in the community to enable community led change through support groups and networks.
Skillshare's Coaching for Hope programme has provided a vehicle to reach young people, in particular men who may otherwise not have been engaged in support groups.
For more information on our learning from the programme click here.


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Bachelor of Science degrees in Liberal Studies and Health and Physical Education with a concentration in Developmental Disabilities from West Chester University of Pennsylvania Master of Science degree in Early Intervention from Wheelock College in Boston Certification in School Psychology from Immaculata University in May 2008
Jodi Cunniffe
Jodi Cunniffe is a school psychologist at both Bradford Heights Elementary School and Shamona Creek Elementary School. She is also works with Early Intervention transitions. She completed her School Psychology Internship in 2007-2008 in the Downingtown Area School District at Downingtown Middle School, Uwchlan Hills Elementary School and Downingtown East High School. Her practicum in counseling was completed at the Chester County Intermediate Unit in a school based partial inpatient program for adolescents diagnosed with mental health disorders. Mrs. Cunniffe attended Immaculata University where she received her Certification in School Psychology in May 2008. Prior to coming to the Downingtown Area School District, Mrs. Cunniffe was the Program Coordinator for a non-profit agency. In this capacity, Mrs. Cunniffe supervised staff completing early intervention evaluations, participated in compliance monitoring and was responsible for staff training and development. In addition, Mrs. Cunniffe participated in writing family empowerment grants for children with disabilities. She has held many leadership positions in the field of early intervention including three years as Co-Chairperson of the Montgomery County Local Interagency Coordinating Council.
Mrs. Cunniffe has conducted trainings at the local, state and national level focusing on disability awareness, autism and developing parent professional partnerships. She holds a Master of Science degree in Early Intervention from Wheelock College in Boston, Massachusetts. She holds Bachelor of Science degrees in Liberal Studies and Health and Physical Education with a concentration in Developmental Disabilities from West Chester University of Pennsylvania.
Currently, Mrs. Cunniffe is pursuing a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) at Neumann University. She has an interest in Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction techniques for children and families and is developing a Mindfulness program for elementary school students. Mrs. Cunniffe is a member of the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP).


Being located in the Philippines allows us to operate with less cost and have easy access to 7,107 beautiful islands!
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House prices soar
Published: 10:59 Wednesday 07 March 2018
East Dunbartonshire is now the most expensive place in Scotland to buy a property.
Prices surged by 12.2 per cent over the past year, with the average home now costing £259,566, a survey by estate agents has revealed.
The area has overtaken East Renfrewshire, where the average price of a property is £256,966 and also ahead of Edinburgh, at £254,552.
According to the Your Move Scotland House Price Index survey, property prices also rose in these two areas, but much lower – by 4.1 per cent and 3.9 per cent, respectively.
The house price boost comes five months after research by BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour put East Dunbartonshire at the top of the list of the best places in Britain for women to live.
Alan Penman, of chartered surveyors Walker Fraser Steele, said: "We're seeing impressive growth in Glasgow's suburbs, with some of the most expensive property in the country. East Dunbartonshire saw prices rise by 12.2 per cent over the year, giving it now the most expensive average property price in the nation."
Overall, the rise in average house prices in Scotland outstripped all other parts of Britain last year, rising 4.5 per cent, the fastest rate since May 2015.
Christine Campbell, managing director of estate agents YourMove in Scotland, said: "The combination of low interest rates, an unemployment rate lower than that of Britain and a number of schemes to assist buyers has contributed to ongoing demand for property.
"The problem remains, however, that there are not enough properties coming to market to sell – nor homes being built – which, in turn, is driving prices up.
"It's important that, in the months to come, more emphasis should be placed on building homes – particularly those that are more affordable – to ensure that the market remains active and that any potential slowdown is avoided."
Threat to East Dunbartonshire natural beauty areas
Police seize cannabis cultivation worth £763,000 in Springburn
Concern grows for missing girl (14) from Kirkintilloch
Murder probe after death at Low Moss Prison at Bishopbriggs
Police investigate report of a dog attack on boy (4) in Kirkintilloch
Vicious thief assaults Kirkintilloch pensioner after forcing his way into his home
More from Kirkintilloch Herald


text:
Silver Snakes ist eine US-amerikanische Punk- und Rock-Band aus Los Angeles, Kalifornien, die 2011 gegründet wurde.

Geschichte
Die Band wurde im Jahr 2011 gegründet, nachdem sich Alex Estradas vorherige Hardcore-Punk-Band Cathedrals aufgelöst hatte. Silver Snakes bestand neben dem Sänger und Gitarristen Estrada aus dem Bassisten Mike Trujillo, dem Gitarristen Jeremiah Bignell und dem Schlagzeuger Garrett Harney. Es folgte 2012 das Debütalbum Pictures of a Floating World, dem sich 2014 Year of the Snake und 2016 Saboteur anschlossen. Auf letzterem Album ist Tomas Lilkedahl von The Old Wind als Gastsänger zu hören. Der Tonträger erschien in den USA bei Evil Ink Records, dem Label des Coheed-and-Cambria-Mitglieds Claudio Sanchez. In Europa wurde es bei Pelagic Records veröffentlicht. In ihrer Karriere ist die Band unter anderem zusammen mit Harvard, Broadway Calls, Sainthood Reps, Defeater, Junius, Coheed and Cambria, Braid, Balance and Composure, Shiner, Touché Amoré, Narrows und La Dispute aufgetreten und war unter anderem auf dem Sound and Fury Festival, den Fun Fun Fun Nights und dem South by Southwest zu sehen.

Stil
Neil Z. Yeung von Allmusic schrieb, dass die Band Hard Rock spielt, der durch die Alternative-Rock-Szene der 1990er Jahre beeinflusst worden sei. Estrada sei, neben Hardcore Punk, durch lateinamerikanische Musik und Industrial beeinflusst worden. Für letzteres hätten Sleep, Tool, Nine Inch Nails und Ministry Pate gestanden. Auf dem Debütalbum Pictures of a Floating World klinge die Gruppe wie At the Drive-In aus dem Jahr 2001. Auf Year of the Snake sei die Band härter und langsamer und dem Sludge zugewandt. Auf Saboteur hätten die Industrial-Einflüsse zugenommen und seien Synthesizer-Einflüsse hinzugekommen, sodass Ähnlichkeiten zu den späten Deftones vorhanden seien. Die Bandbiografie auf yearofthesnakes.com gibt Estradas Einflüsse mit Lola Beltrán, Godflesh und Ministry als Einflüsse an. Saboteur sei durch Nine Inch Nails The Downward Spiral und Sleeps Dopesmoker beeinflusst worden. Laut laut.de bewegt sich die Band "genauso nah an Alternative-Stadionrock wie an atmosphärischem Post Metal", während Nine Inch Nails ein genauso vergleichbarer Einfluss wie Sleep darstellt. Die E-Gitarren würden nur Powerchords spielen, während das Schlagzeug langsam und der Gesang mitreißend sei. Die Musik klinge zwar oberflächlich einfach, sei aber progressiv strukturiert. Auf den Alben würden sich "Metal-Shouts an fragil-urbane Post-Psychedelik, Drum'n'Bass-Anklänge an drückende Stonerwände" aneinanderreihen.

Melanie Aschenbrenner vom Metal Hammer schrieb in ihrer Rezension zu Saboteur, dass hierauf Anleihen von Deftones und Nine Inch Nails zu hören sind. Das Lied Glass weise Einflüsse aus dem Industrial Rock der 1990er Jahre auf, während Charmer Parallelen zu Songs von Ministry habe. Das Album lebe von der Spannung zwischen Mutlosigkeit und Aufbruch sowie Einsicht und Aggression.

Diskografie
 2012: Pictures of a Floating World (Album, Animal Style Records)
 2012: Silver Snakes / Souvenirs (Split mit Souvenirs, 6131 Records)
 2013: Sundance (Single, Bridge Nine Records)
 2014: Year of the Snake (Album, Bridge Nine Records)
 2016: Saboteur (Album, Evil Ink Records (USA) / Pelagic Records (Europa))

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website

Einzelnachweise

Alternative-Rock-Band
Industrial-Rock-Band
Post-Hardcore-Band
US-amerikanische Band

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Kelly Choi
Kelly Choi height - How tall is Kelly Choi?
Kelly Choi (Young Choi) was born on 7 February, 1976 in Seoul, South Korea, is a Television personality. At 44 years old, Kelly Choi height is 5 ft 9 in (177.0 cm).
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Now We discover Kelly Choi's Biography, Age, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Learn How rich is She in this year and how She spends money? Also learn how She earned most of net worth at the age of 46 years old?
Popular As Young Choi
Occupation Television personality
Kelly Choi Age 46 years old
Born 7 February 1976
Birthday 7 February
Birthplace Seoul, South Korea
Nationality South Korea
We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 7 February. She is a member of famous Television personality with the age 46 years old group.
Kelly Choi Weight & Measurements
She is currently single. She is not dating anyone. We don't have much information about She's past relationship and any previous engaged. According to our Database, She has no children.
Husband Not Available
Kelly Choi Net Worth
She net worth has been growing significantly in 2021-22. So, how much is Kelly Choi worth at the age of 46 years old? Kelly Choi's income source is mostly from being a successful Television personality. She is from South Korea. We have estimated Kelly Choi's net worth , money, salary, income, and assets.
Source of Income Television personality
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Wikipedia Kelly Choi Wikipedia
For a few months in 2006, as part of a unique content-sharing arrangement between nyctv and NBC's flagship station WNBC, Eat Out NY and Kelly Choi became popular fixtures of the Tri-State Region's noontime viewing. In 2007 she was invited as a guest judge on the Food Network's Iron Chef, and was selected to host the James Beard Awards, which have been dubbed the "Oscars" of the food and restaurant industry.
Choi made the transition to New York area television by hosting Freckles, a lifestyles program carried by the cable channel Plum TV, which is seen primarily in affluent vacation communities, in this case, the Hamptons in Long Island's Suffolk County. She entered the highly competitive New York City media market upon joining nyctv (subsequently renamed NYC Media), in 2004. Executive producers Arick Wierson and Trevor Scotland initially brought her to the then-new broadcast service to host the pilot episode for Secrets of New York. She has subsequently gone on to host three seasons of the series, nationally distributed by PBS, and developed Eat Out NY, another nyctv program in which, as the host/guide to the city's restaurants, she gained high visibility and popularity.
Kelly Choi (born February 7, 1976) is a Korean-American, Emmy-nominated television personality on NYC Media, the official broadcast service of the City of New York. A former host of Bravo TV's Top Chef spin-off, Top Chef Masters, she has also been presenter of the documentary series Secrets of New York.
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Divestiture of certain U.S. land service lines into a new, publicly traded consolidation platform for U.S. completion, production and water solutions in combination with Forbes Energy Services
Superior Energy to focus on U.S. offshore and international markets
Superior Energy intends to reduce amount of 2021 notes outstanding by up to $500 million via exchange offer
HOUSTON, Dec. 18, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Superior Energy Services, Inc. ("Superior Energy" or the "Company") (NYSE: SPN; OTCQX: SPNV) today announced that it has entered into a definitive agreement to divest its U.S. service rig, coiled tubing, wireline, pressure control, flowback, fluid management and accommodations service lines (the "Superior Energy U.S. Business") and combine them with Forbes Energy Services Ltd.'s ("Forbes") (OTCQX: FLSS) complementary service lines to create a new, publicly traded consolidation platform for U.S. completion, production and water solutions.
Following the completion of the transaction, Superior Energy will remain a globally diversified oilfield services company built around the following key product and service lines: premium drill pipe, bottom hole assemblies, completion tools and products, hydraulic workover, snubbing and production services and well control services. These product lines have strong global market share positions, and greater than 75% of their combined revenue during the third quarter of 2019 was generated from U.S. offshore and international markets.
Under the terms of the merger agreement, the Superior Energy U.S. Business and Forbes will be merged into a newly formed company ("Newco"). At the closing of the transaction, Superior Energy will receive 49.9% of Newco's issued and outstanding voting Class A common stock ("Class A Stock") and 100% of Newco's issued and outstanding non-voting Class B common stock, which will collectively represent an approximate 65% economic interest in Newco. Forbes shareholders will receive 50.1% of the Class A Stock, representing an approximate 35% economic interest in Newco. Forbes' economic interest in Newco is subject to adjustment within certain parameters based on its net debt position at closing. In addition, certain lenders under Forbes' existing term loan (the "Forbes Term Loan") will exchange their portion of the Forbes Term Loan for approximately $30 million in newly issued mandatory convertible preferred shares of Newco (the "Preferred Shares"), which will be entitled to cash dividends at a rate of 5% per annum, payable semi-annually. After giving effect to the conversion of the Preferred Shares, Superior Energy would own a 52% economic interest and Forbes shareholders would own a 48% economic interest in Newco. The Preferred Shares will be subject to mandatory conversion into Class A Stock at the third anniversary of the closing of the transaction. Newco will repay the balance of the Forbes Term Loan at closing.
The transaction, which is expected to close in the first quarter of 2020, has been unanimously approved by the Board of Directors of each of Superior Energy and Forbes and unanimously approved by the special committee of the Board of Forbes.
Dave Dunlap, CEO of Superior Energy commented, "Superior Energy will now be focused on international and offshore markets, allowing investors to more accurately assess the value of what we believe to be a highly differentiated public company in the oil field service space. We believe this transaction, which reduces debt, and lowers interest costs, is a meaningful step towards our goal of improving our ability to generate free cash flow."
"The Company and its shareholders will have a meaningful equity ownership position in a U.S. land service consolidation vehicle that will operate with a light capital spending profile, and is positioned to generate free cash flow. We believe that there are opportunities to reduce corporate costs, improve asset management, and increase free cash flow generation through increased industry consolidation."
"In connection with this transaction, we intend to reduce the amount of 2021 notes outstanding by up to $500 million by (1) reducing Superior Energy's total debt by $250 million through the issuance of Newco notes and (2) extending the maturity of up to another $250 million of Superior Energy 2021 notes."
"A lot of hard work went into the planning and execution of this transaction, and I am extremely proud of our entire team. I will be leaving Superior Energy to become the CEO of Newco, and Westy Ballard will succeed me as Superior Energy's new President and CEO. Westy's appointment is the result of our Board's comprehensive and continuous succession planning process. With a proven track record of success in global operations, finance and strategy, Westy is the right leader for the Company as it enters this exciting new phase."
Compelling Strategic and Financial Benefits of the Transactions:
Superior Energy is a unique, offshore and internationally focused company: More than 75% of Superior Energy's third quarter 2019 revenue was derived from offshore and international markets, and its remaining U.S. land revenue is predominantly rental oriented.
Low capital expenditure profile: Superior Energy's initial 2020 pro forma capital expenditures estimate is in a range of $70-$80 million. It is anticipated that 2020 capital expenditures for Newco will be less than $25 million.
Greater Scale and Significant Synergies: Newco expects to generate annualized run-rate cost synergies of approximately $23 million within a year after closing the transaction. Additionally, its sizable, long-life asset base will allow Newco to be extremely competitive across most U.S. oil and gas basins.
Newco will be led by David Dunlap as CEO and Brian Moore as COO. Newco's headquarters will be in Houston and will have support services provided to it by Superior Energy for up to two years under a transition services agreement. Mr. Dunlap is expected to also serve as Chairman of a four-person board of directors, with other board members to be identified before the transaction is closed. Following the closing of the transaction, Newco will operate under a new corporate name and ticker symbol.
Superior Energy's current Chief Financial Officer, Westy Ballard, will become President and CEO of Superior Energy upon completion of the transaction. The Company's current Chief Accounting Officer, Jamie Spexarth, will assume the title of Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Superior Energy.
Exchange Offer and Consent Solicitation
As a condition of the merger, SESI, L.L.C. ("SESI"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Superior Energy, intends to consummate an offer to exchange (the "Exchange Offer") up to $500 million of its $800 million aggregate principal amount of outstanding 7.125% Senior Notes due 2021 (the "Original Notes") for up to $500 million (the "Exchange Offer Maximum Amount") of newly issued longer-dated notes (the "New Notes"), and to conduct a concurrent consent solicitation (the "Consent Solicitation") to amend the lien covenant in the indenture governing the Original Notes (the "Original Notes Indenture") to permit the issuance of the Superior Secured Notes described below (the "Proposed Amendment"). SESI intends to launch the Exchange Offer and Consent Solicitation during the pendency of the merger. The indenture governing the New Notes will contain restrictive covenants similar to the Original Notes after giving effect to the Proposed Amendment. Eligible holders of Original Notes who validly tender and do not validly withdraw Original Notes prior to the early participation date in 2020 to be specified (the "Early Participation Date") are expected to be entitled to receive an aggregate principal amount of New Notes equal to the Original Notes validly tendered and accepted.
Substantially concurrently with the consummation of the merger, the New Notes will automatically exchange into (1) up to $250 million of Senior Second Lien Secured Notes to be issued by Newco (the "Newco Secured Notes") and (2) only to the extent that consents are received in the consent solicitation from holders holding at least a majority of the then-outstanding aggregate principal amount of Original Notes (the "Requisite Consents"), up to $250 million of Senior Second Lien Secured Notes to be issued by SESI (the "Superior Secured Notes"). The indenture governing the Newco Secured Notes will contain restrictive covenants customary for issuances of high-yield secured notes of this type, and the indenture governing the Superior Secured Notes will contain restrictive covenants similar to those contained in the indenture governing SESI's Senior Notes due 2024.
Subsequent to the consummation of the merger, and assuming the Exchange Offer is fully subscribed, SESI expects to keep the remaining $300 million aggregate principal amount of its Original Notes outstanding. However, if the merger is not consummated by May 31, 2020 (the "Outside Date") or is earlier terminated or abandoned (the "Termination Date"), the New Notes issued in the Exchange Offer will be automatically exchanged for an equal principal amount of Original Notes to be issued as "Additional Notes" under the Original Notes Indenture.
The Exchange Offer will only be made to, and a confidential offering memorandum and other documents relating to the Exchange Offer will only be distributed to, holders who complete and return an eligibility letter confirming that they are (i) "qualified institutional buyers" as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("Securities Act"), or (ii) outside the United States and persons other than "U.S. persons" as defined in Rule 902 under the Securities Act in offshore transactions in compliance with Regulation S, who are "non-U.S. qualified offerees" (as defined in the eligibility letter) (such persons, "Eligible Holders").
The Company will make the Exchange Offer only to Eligible Holders through, and pursuant to, the terms of a confidential offering memorandum. The Company and its affiliates will not make any recommendation as to whether Eligible Holders should exchange or refrain from exchanging their Original Notes.
This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of the New Notes, Newco Secured Notes or Superior Secured Notes in any jurisdiction in which such an offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. In addition, this press release is neither an offer to purchase nor a solicitation of an offer to sell any Original Notes in the Exchange Offer or a solicitation of any consents to the Proposed Amendment. The New Notes, Newco Secured Notes and Superior Secured Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws and, unless so registered, may not be offered or sold in the United States except pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. The New Notes, Newco Secured Notes and Superior Secured Notes will only be offered and sold to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and to non-U.S. persons in transactions outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act.
Timing and Approvals
The transaction is expected to close in the first half of 2020, subject to the approval by Forbes' stockholders and other customary regulatory approvals, the consummation of the Exchange Offer and the acceptance of at least $250 million of Original Notes, the entering into of an asset-based loan facility of Newco, and other customary closing conditions. Ascribe Capital LLC and Solace Capital Partners, who collectively own approximately 40% of the outstanding common stock of Forbes, have committed to vote their shares, as well as certain additional shares to be issued to them upon conversion of a portion of the Forbes 5.00% Subordinated Convertible PIK Notes Due 2020 they hold, in favor of the transaction.
Superior Energy's financial advisor for the sale of the Superior Energy U.S. Business is Lazard and its legal advisor for the transaction is Latham & Watkins LLP. Forbes' financial advisor for the transaction is Simmons Energy – A division of Piper Jaffray and its legal advisor is Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver, & Jacobson LLP. Winstead PC acted as legal advisor to the special committee of the Board of Forbes.
Conference Call and Webcast
Superior Energy will host a conference call at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time on Wednesday, December 18, 2019. The call can be accessed from the Company's website at www.superiorenergy.com or by telephone at 888-317-6003 and using entry number 9777809.
The Company has also determined to wind down its hydraulic fracturing business and will discontinue hydraulic fracturing operations. Results from this service line will be reflected as discontinued operations when the Company announces its fourth quarter results. The Company will exit this business and expects cash generated from potential future sales of assets used in this business to be used to reduce debt. Also during the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company sold non-core assets for approximately $42 million, approximately $24 million of which is expected to be received early in the first quarter of 2020.
About Superior Energy Services
Superior Energy Services serves the drilling, completion and production-related needs of oil and gas companies worldwide through a diversified portfolio of specialized oilfield services and equipment that are used throughout the economic life cycle of oil and gas wells. For more information, visit: www.superiorenergy.com.
About Forbes Energy Services
Forbes Energy Services Ltd. is an independent oilfield services contractor that provides a broad range of completions-related and production-related services to oil and natural gas companies, primarily onshore in Texas and Pennsylvania. Find additional information about Forbes in documents filed with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
All statements in this press release (and oral statements made regarding the subjects of this communication) other than historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements rely on a number of assumptions concerning future events and are subject to a number of uncertainties and factors, many of which are outside the control of the Company, Forbes and Newco, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. Forward-looking information includes, but is not limited to: statements regarding the expected benefits of the proposed transaction; the anticipated completion of the proposed transaction and the timing thereof; the expected future results of operations and growth of the Company and Newco; and plans and objectives of management for future operations of the Company and Newco.
While the Company believes that the assumptions concerning future events are reasonable, it cautions that there are inherent difficulties in predicting certain important factors that could impact the future performance or results of its and Newco's business. Among the factors that could cause results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements are: the failure to realize the anticipated costs savings, synergies and other benefits of the transaction; the possible diversion of management time on transaction-related issues; the risk that the requisite approvals to complete the transaction are not obtained or other closing conditions are not satisfied; local, regional and national economic conditions and the impact they may have on the Company, Forbes, Newco and their customers; conditions in the oil and gas industry, especially oil and natural gas prices and capital expenditures by oil and gas companies; the debt obligations of the Company and Newco following the transaction and the potential effect of limiting the Company's and/or Newco's ability to fund future growth and operations and increasing their respective exposure to risk during adverse economic conditions; the financial condition of the Company's and Newco's customers; any non-performance by customers of their contractual obligations; changes in customer, employee or supplier relationships resulting from the transaction; changes in safety, health, environmental and other regulations; the results of any reviews, investigations or other proceedings by government authorities; and the potential additional costs relating to any reviews, investigations or other proceedings by government authorities or shareholder actions.
These forward-looking statements are also affected by the risk factors, forward-looking statements and challenges and uncertainties described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, and those set forth from time to time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), which are available at www.superiorenergy.com. Except as required by law, the Company expressly disclaims any intention or obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
No Offer or Solicitation
This document is not intended to and does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to subscribe for or buy or an invitation to purchase or subscribe for any securities or the solicitation of any vote in any jurisdiction pursuant to the proposed transaction or otherwise, nor shall there be any sale, issuance or transfer of securities in any jurisdiction in contravention of applicable law. Subject to certain exceptions to be approved by the relevant regulators or certain facts to be ascertained, any offer will not be made directly or indirectly, in or into any jurisdiction where to do so would constitute a violation of the laws of such jurisdiction, or by use of the mails or by any means or instrumentality (including without limitation, facsimile transmission, telephone and the internet) of interstate or foreign commerce, or any facility of a national securities exchange, of any such jurisdiction.
Important Additional Information Regarding the Transaction Will Be Filed With the SEC
In connection with the proposed transaction, Newco will file a registration statement on Form S-4, including a joint proxy statement/prospectus of Newco and Forbes, with the SEC. INVESTORS AND SECURITY HOLDERS OF SUPERIOR ENERGY SERVICES AND FORBES ENERGY SERVICES ARE ADVISED TO CAREFULLY READ THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS (INCLUDING ALL AMENDMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTS THERETO) WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE THEY WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRANSACTION, THE PARTIES TO THE TRANSACTION AND THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRANSACTION. A definitive joint proxy statement/prospectus will be sent to security holders of Forbes Energy Services in connection with the Forbes Energy Services shareholder meeting. Investors and security holders may obtain a free copy of the joint proxy statement/prospectus (when available) and other relevant documents filed by Superior Energy Services, Forbes Energy Services and Newco with the SEC from the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. Security holders and other interested parties will also be able to obtain, without charge, a copy of the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other relevant documents (when available) from www.superiorenergy.com under the tab "Investors" and then under the heading "SEC Filings." Security holders may also read and copy any reports, statements and other information filed with the SEC at the SEC public reference room at 100 F Street N.E., Room 1580, Washington D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at (800) 732-0330 or visit the SEC's website for further information on its public reference room.
Participants in the Solicitation
Superior Energy, Forbes and their respective directors, executive officers and certain other members of management may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from their respective security holders with respect to the transaction. Information about these persons is set forth in the Company's proxy statement relating to its 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on April 26, 2019, and Forbes' proxy statement relating to its 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on April 25, 2019, and subsequent statements of changes in beneficial ownership on file with the SEC. Security holders and investors may obtain additional information regarding the interests of such persons, which may be different than those of the respective companies' security holders generally, by reading the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other relevant documents regarding the transaction, which will be filed with the SEC.
View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/superior-energy-services-announces-strategic-transaction-300976919.html
SOURCE Superior Energy Services, Inc.
Paul Vincent, VP of Treasury and Investor Relations, (713) 654-2200
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The TM Calendar add-in currently consists of two modules, the Date module and the Reminders module. The next planned module is the Time Zone Module. Subsequent modules will depend on customer feedback.
The Date Module displays a calendar from which one can select a date to enter in any Excel cell.
The second module, the Reminders Module, supports two ways to create a reminder.
The first lets one create a quick reminder from any date in any Excel cell.
The second lets one create any reminder of one's choosing.
Reminders will show up at the indicated time in a multi-tab dialog box. If the reminder refers to a cell, clicking on the reminder message will take one to the cell. If necessary the workbook containing the cell will be opened and the worksheet containing the cell will be activated.