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HomePosts tagged '1986'
Did You Know? – Another Round Of Fabulous Facts!
August 12, 2014 August 9, 2014 fasab Factoids, Unusual	100 year anniversary, 1800s, 1971, 1986, 19th largest empire in history, 2014, adventurer, American businessman, ancient Egypt, Are we boring you Mr. Rodale, assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, attract flies, bank robbery, battlefield, belief that insanity is caused by changes in the moon, believing they saw what the really didn't, bomb, bomb squad, Bosnian Serb, Brian Wells, burning ice, cavalry charge, choose your own favorite, coffins, compulsive hoarders, convince, country, covered in honey, delude, derived, Dick Cavett, Dick Cavett Show, died, died on the toilet, Disney, doctors, Duchess Sophie, education, Elvis Presley, Entertainment, exoplanet, fact, factoid, factoids, facts, fast asleep, first person to fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon, future year, Gavrilo Princip, german, German infantry division, Great War, heart attack, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Homer and Langley Collyer, information, interviewed, irony, James Stephen "Steve" Fossett, Jerome Irving Rodale, June 28, killed, languages on Earth, last words, Latin word, light years, live to 100, luna, lunatic, mechanisms, Mongolian, Mongolian cavalry division, Moon, necklace, organic farming, Papua New Guinea, People, people were buried alive, pharaoh, pizza deliveryman, prescription drugs, proponent of healthy eating, Random, record-setting aviator, ring a bell in the graveyard, Roman Empire, run down by a a sugar-crazy taxi driver, sailor, Sarajevo, servants, spelling and grammatical errors, stopped by the police, story, Tomorrowland, trivia, US Constitution, World War I, WWII
Another random bunch of facts for you today.
I think I prefer the final one the best because of its irony and the fact that it illustrates that people can sometimes delude and convince themselves into believing they saw what the really didn't.
Anyway, here they are, so choose your own favorite, but whatever you do….
The US Constitution contains many
spelling and grammatical errors.
The term 'Lunatic' is derived from the Latin word 'luna' meaning 'moon'.
It originated from the belief that insanity is caused by changes in the moon.
Thirty-three light years away there is an
exoplanet completely covered in burning ice.
James Stephen "Steve" Fossett was an American businessman,
and a record-setting aviator, sailor, and adventurer
who, in 2002, became the first person to
fly solo nonstop around the world in a balloon.
At its peak the Roman Empire
stretched for 2.51 million square miles,
but it was only the 19th largest empire in history.
Throughout the 1800s people were buried alive so often
that coffins included mechanisms to allow those people
to ring a bell in the graveyard.
Homer and Langley Collyer, two compulsive hoarders,
were found buried beneath a collapsed pile of
the things they had stored in their house over the years.
The last time a cavalry charge was used on the battlefield
was during WWII when a Mongolian cavalry division
charged a German infantry division.
Two thousand Mongolians were killed
and not a single German died.
In ancient Egypt some servants were covered in honey
to attract flies away from the pharaoh.
(I suppose it's better than the alternative!)
June 28, 2014 was the 100 year anniversary of the assassination
of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria,
heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne,
who was killed in Sarajevo along with his wife Duchess Sophie
by Bosnian Serb Gavrilo Princip.
This was the incident that led to the Great War,
also now known as World War I.
Although several notable people died on the toilet,
one of the most famous is probably Elvis Presley.
Doctors attributed his death to too many prescription drugs.
When pizza deliveryman Brian Wells
was stopped by the police in the middle of a bank robbery
no one believed his story that he had been forced to do it
by some people he had delivered pizza to.
He kept on pleading with the officers saying that
the necklace he was wearing was a bomb.
Unfortunately for him though,
the bomb squad didn't show up early enough.
Almost one-seventh (840) of all the languages on Earth
are spoken in one country…
Papua New Guinea.
When it was first built,
Disney's Tomorrowland
was supposed to represent
the far off future year of 1986.
A famous proponent of healthy eating and organic farming,
Jerome Irving Rodale died of a heart attack
while being interviewed on the Dick Cavett Show in 1971.
Some of his last words were that [he] would
"live to 100, unless [he was] run down by a a sugar-crazy taxi driver".
Appearing fast asleep during the show, Dick Cavett joked
"Are we boring you, Mr. Rodale?"
before discovering that his 72-year-old guest had indeed died.
Many people are convinced they saw this on TV
but the incident was never aired.
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Some Challenging Questions – It must Be Quiz Day!
August 4, 2014 August 2, 2014 fasab Questions, Tests	$1 bill, 1777, 1963, 1968, 1986, American factories, assassinated, Blackbeard, Brazil, call me Al, capital city, Captain Cook, Cebuano, Concorde, country, diminutive, education, Elvis Presley, Entertainment, Eric Liddell, fall of Saigon, fictional, flat stretch of land, flood plain, Fula, general knowledge, Geography, Green Car Crash, Gujarati, Harold Abraham, High Adventure, history, Hobbits, humanoid race, John Malkovich, Kannada, M&M's, Memphis, Middle-earth, military aircraft, mosquito, movies, music, Name, New York to London, north of Austria, Oscar winning movie, Pirate, questions, quiz, Quiz Day, quizzes, record flight time, river valley, science, soccer World Cup finals, south of Poland, spectacular mountain climb, sport, team, television, Tennessee, test, tests, The Pacific, trials and tribulations, tv, TV series, War, wing beat frequency, world war ii, wrote
Welcome to another Quiz Day on the fasab blog.
I hope you are ready to try these challenging questions.
As usual if you get stuck you can find the answers waaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaay down below, but please NO cheating!
Q 1: We've all eaten M&Ms, but what do the two Ms stand for?
Q 2: On the back of a $1 bill, what is in the center?
Q 3: Who wrote 'High Adventure', about a spectacular mountain climb?
Q 4: During World War II American factories produced approximately how many military aircraft?
a) 200,000 b) 300,000 c) 400,000 d) 500,000
Q 5: Captain Cook discovered which island in the pacific in 1777?
Q 6: Who was assassinated at Memphis, Tennessee, in 1968?
Q 7: What is the name of Elvis Presley's home and where is it located? (A point for each correct answer.)
Q 8: What name is given to a flat stretch of land within a river valley, which is the remnant of an earlier flood plain, when the river was at a higher level?
Q 9: What is the name of the new TV series, starring John Malkovich, about the pirate Blackbeard?
Q 10: What war ended with the fall of Saigon and in what year did it end? (A point for each correct answer.)
Q 11: Which country lies to the north of Austria and the south of Poland?
Q 12: Plus or minus 30 minutes, what was the Concorde's record flight time from New York to London?
Q 13: Who was responsible for the Green Car Crash in 1963?
Q 14: What team thrashed Brazil by 7 goals to 1 in this year's soccer World Cup semi-finals?
Q 15: Who wrote about a fictional, diminutive, humanoid race called 'Hobbits' who inhabit the lands of Middle-earth?
Q 16: The normal wing beat frequency of the annoying mosquito is what?
a) 6 beats per sec. b) 60 beats per sec. c) 600 beats per sec. d) 6,000 beats per sec.
Q 17: 'Cebuano', 'Fula', 'Gujarati' and 'Kannada' are all examples of what?
Q 18: What Oscar winning movie is based on the trials and tribulations of Harold Abraham and Eric Liddell?
Q 19: Now a chance for some mega points. There are 13 official countries in the world which have a capital city beginning and ending with the same letter. (I don't expect anyone to get them all, but have a point for each one you can name correctly. (names in the English language)).
Q 20: Who said you could "call me Al" in 1986?
A 1: The two Ms in M&Ms stand for Mars & Murrie's, named after Forrest Mars and Bruce Murrie who started producing M&M's exclusively for the military during WWII.
A 2: ONE.
A 3: Sir Edmund Hilary, the first man to climb Mount Everest.
A 4: The correct answer is b), American factories produced approximately 300,000 military aircraft during WWII.
A 5: Christmas Island.
A 6: Martin Luther King jnr.
A 7: The name of Elvis Presley's home is Graceland and it is located in Memphis, Tennessee (3764 Elvis Presley Boulevard to be precise.)
A 8: It is called a River Terrace.
A 9: Crossbones.
A 10: The Vietnam War ended with the fall of Saigon. on 30 April 1975.
Q 11: 4. Which country lies to the north of Austria and the south of Poland?
A 11: The Czech Republic.
A 12: 2 hours. 55 minutes. 15 seconds.
A 13: The Green Car Crash is Andy Warhol's most famous painting. It was sold at auction on May 16, 2007 for $71.7m (£42.3m).
A 14: Germany, who went on to win the competition.
A 15: J. R. R. Tolkien.
A 16: The correct answer is c) 600 beats per sec.
A 17: They are all examples of languages. Cebuano is from the Philippines; Fula from Cameroon and Nigeria; Gujarati from India and Pakistan; and Kannada from India.
A 18: 'Chariots of Fire' which tells the fact-based story of two athletes in the 1924 Olympics: Eric Liddell, a devout Scottish Christian who runs for the glory of God, and Harold Abrahams, an English Jew who runs to overcome prejudice.
A 19: They are: Abuja (Nigeria), Accra (Ghana), Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), Andorra la Vella (Andorra), Ankara (Turkey), Apia (Samoa), Asmara (Eritrea), Astana (Kazakstan), Oslo (Norway), St. George's (Grenada), St. John's (Antigua and Barbuda), Tashkent (Uzbekistan) and Warsaw (Poland).
A 20: Paul Simon.


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Veteran's Voice
Former stockbroker's online digging could bring Agent Orange benefits to more Vietnam vets
Eugene Clarke of Danbury, Conn., who found documents showing soldiers who served in Korea in 1967 could have been exposed to Agent Orange. (submitted)
By David Wenner | dwenner@pennlive.com
Email the author | Follow on Twitter
on March 10, 2016 at 7:00 AM, updated March 10, 2016 at 8:29 AM
Agent Orange: The 40-year war
Agent Orange casualties keep mounting
What is Agent Orange?
Agent Orange by the numbers
Things to know: registry, benefits, compensation
About this special project
Using the iPad his wife gave him as a retirement gift, Gene Clarke was surprised by all the online documents he found showing U.S. soldiers who served in Korea during 1967 may have been exposed to Agent Orange.
A harder task has been convincing government officials that Agent Orange was in fact used before 1968 in the narrow demilitarized zone between North and South Korea where about 55,000 U.S. soldiers served during the mid- and late-1960s.
Clarke's breakthrough came last week, when the commander of the Veterans of Foreign Wars, supported by two other veteran's organizations, asked Congress to extend medical benefits and compensation to veterans who served in Korea in 1967 and have one of the illnesses linked to Agent Orange.
Clarke is an Army veteran who served in Korea in 1967. His efforts mean thousands of veterans could become eligible for ailments they hadn't suspected were connected to Agent Orange, the highly toxic chemical used to defoliate trees to expose enemy troops below.
Based on his conversations with veterans and veteran's organizations, Clarke, of Danbury, Conn., believes roughly 25,000 U.S. soldiers spent time in Korea in 1967.
Some of them likely live in Pennsylvania and in the midstate, although there's no easy way to know how many, said directors of veterans affairs for two midstate counties.
"There are probably people out there who have no clue why they are sick because they weren't in Vietnam," said Tony DiFrancesco, the director of veteran's affairs for Dauphin County.
DiFrancesco was referring to the fact that many Vietnam veterans are eligible for benefits related to Agent Orange. So are veterans who served in the so-called DMZ in Korea from from 1968 to 1971. The eligibility stems from the fact the U.S. government has acknowledged use of Agent Orange in those areas beginning in 1968.
Meanwhile, Clarke about 10 years ago developed Type II diabetes — one of the conditions associated with Agent Orange.
Agent Orange: Many veterans continue to fight 'The 40-Year War'
He was unaware of a possible connection until he learned that children of veterans who served in Korea in 1967 who were born with spina bifida, which has been linked to Agent Orange, are eligible for benefits.
That made no sense to Clarke. So after retiring from a 38-year career as a stockbroker a few years ago, he devoted himself to Internet searches which eventually produced documents showing Agent Orange was tested by the U.S. in Korea in 1967, and was also used by Korean forces.
It took another big effort to convince high-level officials to look into the matter.
Last week, VFW National Commander John A. Biedrzycki Jr. told the House and Senate veterans' affairs committees that there are veterans suffering from ailments directly linked to Agent Orange who aren't eligible for benefits under existing law, which he asked Congress to change to include veterans who served in Korea in 1967. The VFW said the request is based on documents provided by Clarke.
U.S. Sen. Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., an influential member of the Senate committee, then asked the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs — the VA — to approve the benefits.
Still, there's a history of similar efforts dragging on for years, and sometimes failing.
However, Clarke, 69, has been in close contact with VFW officials and Blumenthal, and says he believes they appreciate that the people who need the benefits are in their final years, and the opportunity to help them will quickly pass. "I have a good feeling, because it has reached the right people," he said Tuesday. "I have a sense this thing will get done sooner rather than later."
If the government extends the benefits, it could mean better health care for the affected veterans and compensation for them, and their spouses, for disabilities related to Agent Orange exposure. Agent Orange has been linked to a list of illnesses, including several cancers, Type II diabetes and assorted ailments affecting the skin, nervous system and organs.
Clarke, a Bronx, N.Y., native who had a successful career as a stock broker, said he has had good health care and a solid financial situation. But he stays in contact with numerous members of his squadron, and said some have severe health issues and aren't as well-off.
"If we can get this done sooner rather than later it will help a lot of people," he said.
Vietnam vets hunt through ships' logs to prove benefits claims
Tennessee accepts site of future Bradley County state veterans home

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Bremen Stories
When the robot knocks on the office door
18 September 2019 - Jann Raveling
Hand in hand – robotic process automation (RPA) assists with routine office tasks
Robotic process automation is a technology that will bring about major changes in everyday office life and reduce many people's workload.
When Carsten Manske returns to his office in Bremen after a business trip, most of his receipts are already available in digital form. The SAP consultant only needs to submit the receipts for payments that he made with his own corporate credit card or in cash. The accounts department can then settle his travel expenses.
The clerical workers in the accounts department will soon be supported by a robot or, to be precise, by artificial intelligence (AI). This technology can automatically detect the different types of travel information. And after a learning phase, it can also interpret and process the data.
In other words, this currently laborious task will be automated. The human travel expenses experts just have to take a final look at the trip and sign it off if everything is correct. "We can only optimise our internal processes if we have employees to perform this role. We are no different to other companies in this regard. AI gives us more flexibility," says Manske.
Routine tasks are left to the computer
Manske is the man for new technologies at abat, a software service provider and SAP vendor located in Bremen's Überseestadt (New Harbour District). The use of AI in accounting is one of Manske's projects, and he is proud that his AI team are genuinely creating added value for the entire company. "Automating monotonous, repetitive office tasks with AI doesn't just make sense from a business perspective, it also makes a huge difference to the individual employees that is difficult to express in monetary terms. Eliminating tedious routine tasks can help rekindle employees' enthusiasm for their work," believes Manske, a 33-year-old with a degree in business information systems.
Will robotic process automation soon be ubiquitous?
Robotic process automation (RPA) is the use of new technologies, such as AI, to automate business processes all over the company. This does not involve the use of 'real robots', as are deployed in factories, but 'virtual robots', i.e. digital helpers that take on particular tasks. And just as industrial robots carry out routine work such as welding, inserting screws and punching, RPA uses algorithms to take on routine office tasks. These range from completing Excel spreadsheets and sorting data to collating information from receipts.
RPA, the fastest-growing enterprise software segment
The market for RPA is expanding rapidly, with US market researcher Gartner reporting that the segment grew by 63 per cent in 2018 alone. While the exact forecasts vary, experts predict global market potential of €5–11 billion between now and 2025. There are big differences between the individual technologies used for RPA, from AI that has to be programmed by experts to simple bots that users can set up and operate themselves. The major players in this segment include SAP (iRPA), UiPath, Automation Anywhere, Blue Prism Group and Thoughtonomy.
Carsten Manske (left) and Christian Diestelkamp from abat © Jann Raveling / WFB
The spectre of job losses
"Let me start by dispelling the myth that RPA is a job killer," says Manske. abat has not made any of its accounts team redundant. "We're relieving the pressure on the team and increasing its productivity. Our company is growing quickly and hiring new employees every month. This is one way to reduce the workload of our administrative staff," he explains.
"Besides, AI can't take over every aspect of a job. In many tasks, AI will come across one-off cases, unforeseen events and unfamiliar situations that it cannot handle. Humans still need to intervene here as they would have done before." He adds that it is still the job of a human to sign off the travel expenses claims. "In any case, processes at abat have always been subject to continuous improvement. And in 20 years, nobody has lost their job as a result," says Manske.
Plenty of potential available, provided everyone plays their part
"The potential offered by artificial intelligence is vast. It can do many things that were previously seen as impossible," says Christian Diestelkamp, a member of the abat management team. The 43-year-old has been won over by the new office robot assistants. Automation, he believes, has not really made its presence felt for office workers yet, but he is confident that this will change in the future.
As with any modernisation project, however, it is important not to forget to "involve the people who are affected. Otherwise, they won't buy into the technology." At abat, this means that the people who will eventually be using the technology get involved in its development from an early stage and are part of the project team. So accountants sit down with software developers, and together they develop new ideas in agile teams. This approach ensures complete transparency. "This is particularly crucial in automation projects. Employees must never feel that they are being replaced, because this isn't the objective. On the contrary, our colleagues will have just as important a role to play later on. The difference is that they will be able to focus on the right tasks, as repetitive activities will be dealt with by a bot. Ultimately, they will have more time to spend on the more difficult aspects of their work," says Diestelkamp.
This does not just apply to the submission of travel expense claims. In fact, abat's plans are more ambitious. In another project, for example, it is working on eliminating the need for employees to send fuel receipts to the office by post. They will simply have to capture the receipts with their mobile phone camera, send them to the accounts department digitally and assign them directly to the relevant trip in the SAP system – the less paper, the better.
The first step in office automation
SAP has launched its own iRPA solution in the automation market, having acquired Contextor and its extensive experience of RPA in 2018. abat is now unlocking this potential in its first internal projects, but will also use it for customers in the future. This is a typical approach for the software company, which relies on independent teams that seek out their own areas of activity.
Andreas Gerber
acquisition and projects
Team leader Bremeninvest
P +49 (0) 421 9600-123
!moc.tsevni-nemerb[AT]rebreg
Tradition meets innovation
The state of Bremen covers 420 square kilometres and is home to around 670,000 people. Almost 22,000 companies provide more than 325,000 jobs. Below, we introduce some of the strong sectors that that make Bremen such an excellent business location.
Letters from Silicon Valley: September edition
Experience Silicon Valley at first hand with Bremeninvest! Tim Ole Jöhnk, our man in Silicon Valley, is inviting representatives from the food and supply chain industries to join a delegation on a visit to Silicon Valley. More on this and other exciting stories in the September newsletter.
What exactly is New Work?
Coworking, agile working, design thinking: what do these buzzwords mean? We put this question to expert Sven Hermann, who talks to us about the concept known as 'New Work' and what kind of companies might benefit from it.
A visit to ArcelorMittal's Digital Lab in Bremen
Steel producer ArcelorMittal is employing a digital strategy that could also be of interest to SMEs – including when it comes to artificial intelligence.
Blackout Technologies are developing robots with artificial intelligence
Is this what the salesman of the future looks like? With "Pepper", the Bremen-based start-up Blackout Technologies develops unique software based on artificial intelligence throughout Europe.
How Werder Bremen's AI technology can also benefit SMEs
Werder goalkeeper Jiri Pavlenka owes his job to artificial intelligence. He was designed by the team of JUST ADD AI. Founder Roland Becker tells us how other medium-sized companies already benefit from AI today.
How much AI do SMEs really need?
Artificial intelligence is regarded as an absolute growth topic - should every company jump on the bandwagon now? No, says Bastian Diedrich from the Bremen digital agency hmmh, but he makes an important restriction.
Bremen's artificial intelligence industry at a glance
Artificial intelligence is becoming part of everyday life, and Bremen-based companies are leading the way. We have put together a 'who's who' in artificial intelligence in Bremen.
Augmented and virtual reality in Bremen
Whether they involve flying around virtual spaces or manipulating reality, augmented and virtual reality open up new dimensions. A number of companies in Bremen are working on these technologies, and one of them is even the global leader in its market.
3D printing connects Bremen and New York
From one side of the Atlantic to the other: two graduates from New York University travel to Bremen for a research internship – and immediately want to stay.
IT companies in Bremen
Bremen's IT sector is an important pillar of the local industry. We introduce ten IT service providers.
Bringing India and Germany closer together
The best of both worlds. A young Indian from Bremen is helping German engineering to benefit from India's factory capacities and vice versa. And everything is completely digitalised – with one click in real time, an order can be sent straight to the Indian factory. The benefit for manufacturers is huge.
How digital media is shaping society
How is the role of media and other forms of communication changing in society? What are the resulting challenges? The international MA in Digital Media and Society, which launches at the University of Bremen in time for the winter semester, aims to provide the answers.
3D printing at Airbus – cutting-edge technology made in Bremen
Airbus is a global trailblazer in the field of 3D printing, and the aerospace company has established a technology centre for this new production method in Bremen. This is one of many reasons why the Hanseatic city has become a hub for 3D printing in Europe.
to the aircraft manufacturer
Maritime economy and logistics
Exploring the seafloor with intelligent software
The depths of the ocean remain one of the last great mysteries on Earth. What is the precise composition of the seafloor? What flora and fauna inhabit it? Where has the delicate balance of the ecosystem been seriously disrupted? We still don't have complete answers to any of these questions, but four young scientists from Bremen are aiming to change that.
How a bunker in Bremen has become one of Germany's most secure data centres
Even Tom Cruise in Mission Impossible would find it difficult to break into this data centre. Metre-thick concrete walls are just one of the many security measures protecting this bunker.
Off to the bunker
A robot for unloading containers is being developed in Bremen
Unloading shipping containers requires manual work, which is pretty unusual in the automated and digitalised world of logistics. But a Bremen-based research project aims to change all this with its IRiS robot.
to the container roboter
Is this the office of the future?
How will we be working in the future? Daimler's Innolab in Bremen's Überseestadt district provides an answer to this question. And anyone can come and see it.
ORTEC – in it for the long haul
In December 2014, ORTEC GmbH moved from Lower Saxony to Bremen. The software specialist hoped to strengthen its market position by moving to the city's Überseestadt district. Around three and a half years later, we got in touch with the company again to ask whether the move has been a success.
Creative / Media
In tune with TonePedia
You rarely get the opportunity to try out musical instruments when you buy them online. Bremen-based start-up TonePedia has developed a piece of software that allows musicians to properly compare guitars, bass guitars, amplifiers and effect products online. This saves time and reduces the number of returns and the associated cost.
Allow me to introduce … Pepper – the intelligent robot from Bremen
Is this what sales assistants of the future will look like? Bremen start-up company Blackout Technologies develops software based on artificial intelligence, unlike any other software in Europe. Before long, we'll be greeted by their robot Pepper in shops, at trade fairs or even in care homes. We visited Bremen's robot lab to find out more.
Where space and deep sea meet
The research alliance ROBEX is sending robots up active volcanoes and down into the deepest and darkest seas. Working across disciplines, the 120 scientists of the 16 institutes involved are breaking new ground on this project. They have been eagerly waiting to find out what has happened to the TRAMPER diving robot, which has been exploring the deep seas around Spitsbergen for a year. Now they are ready to bring it back.
Changing the world through logistics
A growing number of companies are becoming more aware of their social and environmental footprint, and are looking for ways to act with greater environmental and social responsibility. Germany's north-west is set to become the national centre for social entrepreneurship in logistics. A new platform is under development and the first round of events is being planned to achieve this goal.
Studying digitalisation in Bremerhaven
This new master's degree at Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences prepares students for the future and offers them excellent job prospects.
Investing in Bremen
Bremen over Berlin: how BLG's Digilab is introducing a start-up mentality in this global company
BLG Logistics Group is a major player in logistics with 18,000 employees. It established the Digilab in Bremen as a core element of its digitalisation. The company's premises are reminiscent of start-ups in Silicon Valley, and there are good reasons for that.
Digital/Industry 4.0
Give 3D printing a try – everyone can explore Industry 4.0 technologies at FabLab Bremen
FabLab Bremen invites visitors to learn about new manufacturing technologies and try their hand at everything from laser cutters to printing and programming. Digital technology enthusiasts of all ages and programmers of all abilities are welcome here. And it is not long before they can put what they have learnt to good use.
Bremen as an investment location
Marketing for Bremen


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Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U.S. 495 (2000), was a case filed in 1996 by Big Island rancher Harold "Freddy" Rice against the state of Hawaii and argued before the United States Supreme Court. In 2000, the Court ruled that the state could not restrict eligibility to vote in elections for the Board of Trustees of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs to persons of Native Hawaiian descent.

Rice was represented by attorney John Goemans. John Roberts (who would later become the Chief Justice of the United States) argued for Ben Cayetano, the governor of Hawaii at the time.

The February 2000 court ruling in Rice v. Cayetano encouraged Hawaiian sovereignty opponents to file a similar lawsuit, Arakaki v. State of Hawai'i, months later. As the Rice case resulted in non-Hawaiians being allowed to vote in OHA elections, the Arakaki case resulted in non-Hawaiians being allowed to stand as candidates in OHA elections.

Background
Beginning in 1978, Hawaii held statewide elections for the trustees of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), an agency charged with disbursing particular funds and benefits to those who may be classified as "Native Hawaiians" ("any descendant of not less than one-half part of the races inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands previous to 1778"), or those who may be classified simply as "Hawaiian" ("any descendant[s] of the aboriginal peoples inhabiting the Hawaiian islands ...  in 1778, and which peoples thereafter have continued to reside in Hawaii"). By law, only Native Hawaiians or Hawaiians could vote for, or be elected to, this Board of Trustees.

Harold F. Rice was a rancher of European descent whose family had resided in Hawaii since the mid-19th century.  In March 1996, he attempted to register to vote for the OHA trustees. Where that application asked for confirmation that "I am also Hawaiian and desire to register to vote in OHA elections," Rice scratched out the words "am also Hawaiian and" and checked "Yes." Denied eligibility because he was not Hawaiian, Rice sued under the 14th and 15th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

The District Court for the State of Hawaii ruled against Rice, due to its conclusion (as summarized by the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals) that "the method  of electing OHA trustees meets constitutional standards for the essential reason that the restriction on the right to vote is not based on race, but upon recognition of the unique status of native Hawaiians that bears a rational connection to Hawaii's trust obligations." The District Court held that the OHA does not sufficiently resemble a typical government bureau, with governmental powers, and that it is "carefully constrained by its overall purpose to work for the betterment of Hawaiians."

The 9th Circuit Court of Appeals also denied Rice's claim. For one thing, Rice contended that the legal status of an eligible voter is contingent solely upon race, and that Hawaii's contention that such status is a political designation, rather than a racial one, is an obvious effort to circumvent the Constitution with semantics. The Court of Appeals agreed that it might indeed be the case that the political designation is a racial designation under the state's statute, yet "the constitutionality of the racial classification that underlies the trusts and OHA is not challenged in this case. This means that we must accept the trust and their administrative structure as we find them, and assume that both are lawful." Because Rice had not challenged the OHA's very existence, which is predicated on a racial classification, the Court could assume that "the state may rationally conclude that Hawaiians, being the group to whom trust obligations run and to whom OHA trustees owe a duty of loyalty, should be the group to decide who the trustees ought to be." Thus, despite an apparent racial classification for eligibility to vote, within the context of the OHA's creation and mandate, the classification is actually "not primarily racial, but legal or political."

Furthermore, the Court of Appeals decided that the OHA trustee election was a "special purpose election" such as that upheld in Salyer Land Co. v. Tulare Water District (1973). In that case, the election for directors of a certain "special purpose water district" was limited to landowners in that district. The weight of a landowners vote was proportional to the amount of land that was owned, and thus seemed to contradict the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection clause. The Court held that because these landowners were disproportionately affected by the policies of the water district directors, and that such directors existed for a "limited purpose" and exhibited a "lack of normal governmental authority," the districts did not violate the Constitution when they denied a vote to those who did not own land in the district, and granted votes proportionally to the amount of land owned. The elections for the OHA Board of Trustees is similar to that of the water district directors, in that "the vote is for the limited purpose of electing trustees who have no governmental powers and perform no governmental purposes." Also, because Hawaiians, as defined by statute, are those disproportionately affected by the OHA, the vote for its trustees may be limited to them. Thus this exception to the 14th Amendment was used to justify the Hawaiian voting scheme under objections based on the 15th Amendment.

Finally, the Court of Appeals concluded that "the voting restriction for trustees is rooted in historical concern for the Hawaiian race ... carried through statehood when Hawaii acknowledged a trust obligation toward native Hawaiians ... and on to 1993, when Congress passed a Joint Resolution 'apologiz[ing] to Native Hawaiians on behalf of the people of the United States for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii ... and the deprivation of the rights of Native Hawaiians to self-determination'." Thus the 9th circuit held that native Hawaiians were entitled to "special treatment" much like the special treatment accorded Native American Indians in Morton v. Mancari, where "preferential treatment that is grounded in the government's unique obligation toward Indians is a political rather than a racial classification, even though racial criteria may be used in defining eligibility."

Rice appealed to the Supreme Court. There, he would argue that in addition to being a naked violation of the Constitution on its face, the eligibility requirements subverted the original intended purpose of the public lands as written in the Annexation and Organic Acts, both of which granted subsequent benefits to all "inhabitants" of Hawaii, regardless of race. The elections do not qualify as "special purpose" under Salyer, nor does the eligibility requirement denote a political rather than racial classification. Finally, the protection under Morton v. Mancari is inappropriate. The Petitioner would deny that there is any "special relationship" at all, for there is no "former sovereign" or "historical relationship" clause in the Constitution, and the analogy with Indian tribes thus has no legal standing.

The State of Hawaii disagreed. For them, whether the elections qualified as "special purpose" or contained explicit racial qualifications for participation were secondary concerns. The native Hawaiian people had a "special relationship" with the United States, indeed a sort of semi-sovereign status, analogous to that of native Indian tribes, which affords them a large measure of self-determination. They would seek to demonstrate that this status had been legitimized repeatedly by Congress, though it had never been made explicit by treaty or codified in the U.S. Constitution. No matter, because the Court would be sharply reminded that granting such status falls within the powers of Congress, not the Courts, and that the understanding was legitimized by ample precedent and circumstances.

In order to understand this extraordinary defense, some background is necessary. The Kingdom of Hawaii was an independent, sovereign nation from 1810 until 1893. Throughout this period, the increasing economic interests of American businessmen began to clash with the interests of the Hawaiian government. In 1887, under the threat of violence, the Kingdom's Prime Minister was compelled to resign, and a new Constitution was implemented. This heavily curtailed the administrative power of the monarchy.  When Queen Lili'uokalani took steps in 1893 to counter this imposition, she was overthrown in a coup d'état by the Committee of Safety which was composed of white businessmen, missionaries and colonists (both Hawaiian citizens and foreign nationals). The Committee set up a provisional government led by themselves, and the next year declared the existence of the Republic of Hawaii. In 1898, the Republic accepted annexation by the United States, and when President McKinley signed the Annexation and Organic Acts soon thereafter, Hawaii became a U.S. Territory. At this time,  of land, formerly overseen by the crown, were ceded to the United States.  The Annexation Act stipulated that all revenues and proceeds from the use of this public land would "be used solely for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Hawaiian Islands for educational and other purposes." The Organic Act similarly held that all "funds arising from the sale or lease or other disposal ... shall be applied such uses and purposes for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Territory of Hawaii."

Seeing the subsequent cultural and economic decline of Hawaii's native population, in 1920 the U.S. Congress passed the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act (HHCA), which placed 200,000 of those acres under the authority of said Commission, such that they could be leased by Native Hawaiians for token sums. A "Native Hawaiian" was defined as "any descendant of not less than one-half part of the blood of the races inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands previous to 1778." That date, 1778, is the year in which Captain Cook "discovered" the islands, and thus the date of the first known Western presence.

When Hawaii became a state in 1959, it was agreed that the state would include the HHCA in its own Constitution, including the specific definition of Native Hawaiian. In 1978 the state Constitution was amended to provide for the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), which would hold the lease on those lands not already under the purview of the HHCA. The OHA lands would be similarly held in a "trust" managed for the benefit of Native Hawaiians.

Petitioner's argument
For the Petitioner, the relevant history of Hawaii begins with the Annexation Resolution, not in the previous era of sovereignty. Claims of sovereignty based upon the status or political standing of Natives prior to the 1893 coup are both mistaken and irrelevant. The Petitioner's Brief notes that at the time of their transfer, "these 'public lands' were held by the Republic of Hawaii free and clear of any encumbrances or trust obligations. None of the former citizens of the Hawaiian kingdom held any cognizable interest in these lands" (3). To support this claim the Petitioner notes that only the Monarch enjoyed title to "Crown lands." When these lands were ceded by the Republic of Hawaii to the United States, the Resolution stipulated that these lands would "be used solely for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Hawaiian Islands for educational and other public purposes." (Emphasis added by Petitioner). The Petitioner would use population statistics up through  the turn of the 20th century to show that the Kingdom of Hawaii had been "consciously multiracial," and thus the term "inhabitants" referred to numerous races, including Westerners. Furthermore, the date of 1778 had obviously been chosen for the eligibility requirements because "it marks the last days of what might be characterized as the era of relative 'racial purity' in the Hawaiian Islands." (25). Any claim of a connection between that date and sovereignty status for native Hawaiians is bogus, for the Kingdom of Hawaii did not exist until 1810. Also, during the era of the Hawaiian kingdom, many who would not qualify as Hawaiian under the OHA statute were, in fact, full citizens of the Kingdom. In particularly strong terms, the OHA is denounced for using a "blood quantum" to define eligibility status, a requirement that is  "disturbingly reminiscent of the 'Blood Protection' and 'Citizenship' laws adopted as part of the infamous Nuremberg Laws".

The Petitioner also denies that Salyer, with its "special limited purpose" exception to the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection clause, is appropriate in this case. First, because Salyer dealt with land ownership, and not race, it does not apply to begin with. The 9th Circuit Court thus made a grievous error when it determined that this case was "'not the sort [of election] that has previously triggered Fifteenth Amendment analysis'." (Pet. Br. 18). Such a determination would  "create an infinitely elastic loophole" in which anyone could circumvent the 15th amendment by simply claiming that the purposes of any such election was "limited." The Petitioner quotes Terry v. Adams (1953), which held that the 15th Amendment's prohibition of race-based election laws "included any election in which public issues are decided or public officials selected." (19) Furthermore, Salyer is an inappropriate defense under the 15th Amendment because it was decided as an exception to the 14th Amendment, due to that amendment's "one man, one vote" rule. Thus, it cannot be applied to the 15th Amendment's explicit ban on race-based qualifications. The Petitioner quotes from Gomillion v. Lightfoot (1960) to illustrate that the 15th Amendment is absolute, no matter how carefully constructed the means to a racially discriminatory end. That case concerned a district in Alabama that had been drafted such that it excluded all potential non-white voters. Though race was mentioned nowhere in the statute, it had been struck down due to the clearly racially discriminatory result. Quoting Lane v. Wilson (1939) as well, the Petitioner notes that the 15th Amendment "'nullifies sophisticated as well as simple-minded modes of discrimination'" and goes on to say that "In contrast to the purportedly race-neutral grandfather clauses, white primaries, and gerrymanders invalidated in the foregoing cases, the OHA voting restriction is startlingly 'simple-minded'. Hawaii closes its election booth to anyone who fails its racial test" (16).

The OHA cannot be justified on the grounds that enfranchisement is limited to those  who are the interested parties, for the same logic could have been applied to the Gomillion gerrymander case. "Both constitute attempts to achieve a 'racially pure' voting bloc justified on the ground that the right to vote has merely been limited to those 'primarily affected' by the decisions of the elected officials." Besides, the entire concept of an exception under Salyer is inapplicable in the first place, even if it did constitute an exception to the 15th as well as the 14th amendment. This is because the "'disproportionate effect' prong requires, at a minimum, that the costs of those activities be borne disproportionately by those granted the right to vote ... the Salyer exception, therefore, cannot be applied to the OHA, a state agency that expends substantial funds drawn from taxes paid by all citizens of Hawaii without regard to race" (20). Because those state officials chosen in OHA elections "manage and spend both legislative appropriations and public lands proceeds, it is axiomatic that all Hawaiian citizens ... have a legitimate interest in the proper management of those funds" (20-21). Furthermore, the comparative wealth of those funds and the "sweeping" authority with which the OHA manages them, along with the numerous and government-like programs that it administers, render the comparison between  a small water storage district and the OHA untenable.

More controversially, the Petitioner discounts the idea that there is a "compelling state interest" in limiting the OHA elections based on the history the State's relationship with native Hawaiians (i.e., in order to protect against current discrimination or offset the effects of past discrimination). "Nothing in the record demonstrates ... the existence of any past or present discrimination against racial 'Hawaiians'." (31). The Petitioner sarcastically notes that "The Respondent now takes the position that the State of Hawaii has a compelling interest in engaging in blatant discrimination today – and indefinitely into the future – in order to make up for even-handed treatment of all Hawaiian citizens, regardless of race, in the past" (32). Nor may a compelling interest be inferred from the necessity for the State to uphold its "trust" relationship with the natives, for the Supreme Court "has never held that a legislatively declared 'trust' relationship suffices to justify racial discrimination in voting" (31).  Furthermore, the use of Morton v. Mancari to illustrate the nature of that implied "special relationship" has no bearing on Hawaii. For one thing, in recognizing that the Constitution's Indian Commerce and Treaty Clauses denotes such a relationship for Indian Tribes, Morton v. Mancari'''s outcome "was expressly predicated on the fact that the challenged preference involved a tribal, rather than racial, classification" (39). More importantly, native Hawaiians do not constitute a federally recognized Indian Tribe. The Petitioner notes that the 1867 treaty which ceded Alaska included a clause by which all inhabitants would be given U.S. citizenship "with the exception of the uncivilized native tribes." By contrast, the Organic Act of 1900, which granted territorial status to Hawaii, provided citizenship to "all persons who were citizens of the Republic of Hawaii" in 1898. This, of course, included native Hawaiians; the Petitioner then points out that, in fact, these Native Hawaiians "were the dominant political group in Hawaii for several decades after annexation, and were well represented in all forms of public office" (43). Thus the "special relationship" or "trust" based on tribal sovereignty no bearing on the situation in Hawaii.

 Respondent's argument
Naturally, the Respondent did not agree. After reiterating that the voting qualifications are political rather than racial, and that the elections qualify for "limited purpose" and "disproportionate effect" exceptions, the Respondent turns quickly to the heart of the matter: the "special relationship." Though native Hawaiians are not formally recognized as an Indian tribe, Congress and the Court have "recognized a special obligation to America's first inhabitants and their descendants ... and have recognized that Congress is empowered to honor that obligation as it sees fit" (Res. Br. 2). Because Congress has explicitly noted that such an obligation pertains to Alaskan Natives, despite their distinction from traditional Indian tribes of the lower 48 states, it naturally follows that this distinction extends to Hawaiian natives as well. For the Petitioner to rely on the literal wording of treaties signed at the turn of the 20th century misses the point entirely. Indeed, by 1898, "the era of treaty-making with the indigenous people of the American continent had come to an end," and this is why there is no mention of such a distinction in the Annexation Act (6). Yet, with the creation of the HHCA in 1921, "Congress has recognized that it has a special relationship with indigenous Hawaiians, and has sought to enable them to benefit in some measure from their homelands" (6).  The Respondent goes on to quote Congress' contemporary assertion that the HHCA "affirm[ed] the trust relationship between the United States and the Native Hawaiians" (42 U.S.C. § 11701 (13)) as well as the statement that "In recognition of the special relationship which exists between the United States and the Native Hawaiian people, [it] has extended to Native Hawaiians the same rights and privileges accorded to American Indian, Alaska Native, Eskimo, and Aleut communities" (20 U.S.C. § 7902(13)) (both as quoted in Respondent's Brief, 8-9).

Special attention is given to the 1993 Joint Resolution of Congress known as the "Apology Resolution," which expressed regret for the role of the United States in the 1893 coup and "the deprivation of the rights of Native Hawaiians to self-determination." The Respondent further notes that "The [apology resolution] specifically acknowledged that 'the health and well-being of the Native Hawaiian people is intrinsically tied to ... the land', that land was taken from Hawaiians without their consent or compensation, and that indigenous Hawaiians have 'never directly relinquished their claims ... over their national lands'." (8). The Respondent cites numerous other Congressional utterances that refer to "special" or "trust" relationships, or which refer to Native Hawaiians as "distinct" or "unique" indigenous peoples. In creating the OHA and the voting requirements thereof, Hawaii was simply "reaffirming the 'solemn trust obligation and responsibility to native Hawaiians'." (Res. Br. 9). The fact that Congress has consistently recognized and appropriated funds to the OHA implicitly affirms its legitimacy. So does the recognition that the "constitution and statutes of the State of Hawaii ... acknowledge the distinct land rights of the Native Hawaiian people as beneficiaries of the public lands trust ... [and] reaffirm and protect the unique right of the Native Hawaiian people to practice and perpetuate their cultural and religious customs, beliefs, practices, and language" (42 U.S.C. § 11701 (3) as quoted in Res. Br. 11). In addition, the Hawaiian Constitution was amended in 1978 to include the OHA after an affirmative vote open to all citizens of the State.

Finally, given the active role that the U.S. Legislature has taken in affirming the "special relationship," and the plenary power given to Congress in acknowledging tribal status (explicitly delegated, in this instance, to the State of Hawaii), it is not appropriate for the Court to deny its existence of that status, or to determine its terms. "Classifications based on Congress' decision to assume a special trust relationship with an indigenous people are not based on race, but rather the unique legal and political status that such a relationship entails," and, furthermore, "the Framers of the Constitution drew no distinctions among different groups of indigenous people in conferring [such] power ... on Congress, and the Framers of the Civil War Amendments never envisioned that those amendments would restrict the ability of Congress to exercise that power" (Res. Br. 14). In other words, by relying on a literal interpretation of said amendments or tribal classifications, the Petitioner was, again, missing the point.

 Opinion of the Court
The Supreme Court sided with the Petitioner. In a 7–2 decision based entirely on the 15th Amendment, they reversed the judgment of the Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit, with Justices Stevens and Ginsburg dissenting. Justice Kennedy wrote the opinion for the  Court, which was joined by Chief Justice Rehnquist, and Justices O'Connor, Scalia and Thomas. They note that the 15th Amendment is certainly not bound by the language or circumstances surrounding its enactment, and that it is "quite sufficient to invalidate a scheme which did not mention race but instead used ancestry in an attempt to confine and restrict the voting franchise" (16). After all, "ancestry can be a proxy for race. It is that proxy here" (18). The structure of the OHA elections is "neither subtle nor indirect. It is specific in granting the vote to persons of defined ancestry and to no others" (17). The Respondent's argument that "descendants ... of [the] aboriginal peoples" does not mean the same thing as "descendants ... of the races" is "undermined by its express racial purpose and by its actual effects" (20).  As for Morton v. Mancari, were Hawaii's voting restrictions to be sustained under that authority, "we would be required to accept some beginning premises not yet established in our case law" (22). Regardless: "Even were we to take the substantial step of finding authority in Congress, delegated to the State, to treat Hawaiians or native Hawaiians as tribes, Congress may not authorize a State to create a voting scheme of this sort" — that is, one that uses race as an eligibility requirement (22). The 15th Amendment is absolute even under such conditions, for the election of OHA trustees is still a State election, to which the Amendment clearly applies. Nor is the restriction based on beneficiary status rather than race, for "although the bulk of the funds for which OHA is responsible appears to be earmarked for the benefit of 'native Hawaiians', the State permits both 'native Hawaiians' and 'Hawaiians' to vote" — that is, both those who qualify with a 50% blood quantum and those who qualify as descendants of residents in 1778 —  and "[this] classification thus appears to create, not eliminate, a differential alignment between the identity of OHA trustees and what the State calls beneficiaries" (27). Yet, again, such details are irrelevant to the Court, for "Hawaii's argument fails on more essential grounds ... [i.e.] the demeaning premise that citizens of a particular race are somehow more qualified than others to vote on certain matters. That reasoning attacks the central meaning of the Fifteenth Amendment" (27). The Court's opinion ends with a brief lecture to the State of Hawaii, concluding with the observation that Hawaii must "seek the political consensus that begins with a sense of shared purpose. One of the necessary beginning points is this principle: The Constitution of the United States, too, has become the heritage of all the citizens of Hawaii" (28).

 Breyer's concurrence
Justice Breyer, in a concurring opinion joined by Justice Souter, elaborates on the problematic analogy between the OHA and a trust for the benefit of an Indian tribe. For Breyer, such a trust does not exist for native Hawaiians under the circumstances, mainly because the OHA electorate "does not sufficiently resemble an Indian tribe" (2). The OHA's hereditary requirement of an ancestor living in Hawaii in 1778 might include persons with "1 possible ancestor out of 500, thereby creating a vast and unknowable body of potential members" (4). This, Breyer believes, goes well beyond any "reasonable" definition of  tribal status.

 Dissents
Justice Stevens' dissent, joined in part by Justice Ginsburg, takes a much more charitable view of the "special relationship" between Hawaii and the United States, believing that "two centuries of Indian law precedent" alone justifies the OHA's voting laws under the Constitution, for "there is simply no invidious discrimination present in this effort to see that indigenous peoples are compensated for past wrongs" (3). He agrees with the Respondent that under Morton v. Mancari preferential treatment is justified if such treatment "can be tied rationally to the fulfillment of Congress' unique obligation towards the Indians" (5). Such obligations, Stevens believes, are implicit in the Apology Resolution of 1993, in addition to the more than 150 "varied laws passed by Congress ... [which] expressly include native Hawaiians as part of the class of Native Americans benefited" (7). Like the Respondent, Stevens believes that to reject the State's claims because native Hawaiians are not technically a "tribe" is to miss the point. There is a "compelling similarity, fully supported by our precedent, between the once subjugated, indigenous peoples of the continental United States and the peoples of the Hawaiian Islands" (8). In addition, Stevens points out that tribal membership alone was not the "decisive factor" when the Court upheld preferential treatment in Morton v. Mancari''. In that case, the preference "not only extended to non-tribal member Indians, it also required for eligibility ... a certain quantum of Indian blood" (9). Thus, there is no tribal limitation concerning the Federal Government's authority over considerations for native peoples. "In light of this precedent," Stevens continues, "it is a painful irony indeed to conclude that native Hawaiians are not entitled to special benefits designed to restore a measure of native self-governance because they currently lack any vestigial native government – a possibility of which history and the actions of this Nation have deprived them." As for Breyer's concurring opinion, Stevens succinctly dismisses the objection that the OHA's definition of native is not "reasonable" by noting simply that "this suggestion does not identify a constitutional defect" (9).

References

External links

United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court
Politics of Hawaii
United States elections case law
2000 in United States case law
Legal history of Hawaii
2000 in Hawaii
Native Hawaiian history

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I am waiting to take a hpt again because I did take one 2 days ago with a BFN but I am not due for AF untill Sunday. I have been having sore bbs, moody, constipation (Never had before) and alittle cramping. I never get sore bbs or constipation with PMS. Please pray that the next test is a BFP I don't know if I can take a BFN again. What do you think am I or not pg?
what is AF and BFN?


TK Carter is a Southern born-and-bred middle child with all the complexes that accompany this birth order. Tami, as she is casually known, was raised in mid-Missouri and now lives in Centralia. She has two children, two dogs, a mortgage, and a dream. She loves the color red, anything shiny, and has an unnatural love for peanut butter Snickers, Diet Coke, and Dubsmash mixed with a bitter relationship with workouts, a Fitbit, and weight loss. To accommodate the mood swings, she writes contemporary humorous women's fiction, dramatic fiction, and dystopian suspense novels.
In response to her chaotic, single life as a divorced mother and head of household, she started a hilarious blog called My Ms. Adventures where she holds nothing back as she tells exactly what it's like to be her.
She loves her Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, and thanks God every day that in her darkest times, He never gave up on her.


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Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992
PART 3 - LIABILITY OF EMPLOYERS OTHER THAN THE COMMONWEALTH AND TAX-EXEMPT COMMONWEALTH AUTHORITIES TO PAY SUPERANNUATION GUARANTEE CHARGE
SECTION 23A OFFSETTING LATE PAYMENTS AGAINST CHARGE
23A(1)
A contribution (other than a sacrificed contribution) to a complying superannuation fund or an RSA made by an employer for the benefit of an employee is offset under subsection (3) if:
(a) the contribution is made:
(i) after the end of the period of 28 days after the end of a quarter; and
(ii) before the employer ' s original assessment for that quarter is made; and
(b) the employer elects, in the approved form, that the contribution be offset.
S 23A(1)amended by No 95 of 2019, s 3 and Sch 7 item 14, by inserting " (other than a sacrificed contribution) " , effective 29 October 2019 and applicable in relation to working out an employer ' s superannuation guarantee shortfall for quarters beginning on or after 1 January 2020.
S 23A(1) amended by No 14 of 2009, s 3 and Sch 3 item 1, by substituting para (a), applicable to elections under section 23A of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 made on or after 26 March 2009. Para (a) formerly read:
(a) the contribution is made after the end of the period of 28 days after the end of a quarter; and
S 23A(1) amended by No 38 of 2008, s 3 and Sch 2 item 1, by substituting para (a), effective 24 June 2008. For transitional provisions, see note under s 23A(2). Para (a) formerly read:
(ii) before the end of the 28th day of the second month after the end of the quarter; and
The election must be made:
(a) in a statement having effect under section 35 as the employer's assessment for the quarter; or
(b) within 4 years after the employer's original assessment for the quarter is made.
The election cannot be revoked.
S 23A(2) amended by No 14 of 2009, s 3 and Sch 3 item 2, by substituting " original assessment for the quarter is made " for " superannuation guarantee charge for the quarter became payable " in para (b), applicable to elections under section 23A of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 made on or after 26 March 2009.
S 23A(2) substituted by No 38 of 2008, s 3 and Sch 2 item 2, effective 24 June 2008. No 38 of 2008 (as amended by No 56 of 2010, s 3 and Sch 6 item 106), s 3 and Sch 2 items 7A, 8 and 9, contains the following transitional provisions:
7A Application of section 23A of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 as amended
Section 23A of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 , as amended by this Schedule, applies to:
(a) contributions made before, on or after 1 January 2006; and
(b) elections made on or after 24 June 2008.
The amendments of that section made by this Schedule commenced on 24 June 2008.
This item has effect subject to items 8 and 9.
To avoid doubt, this item:
(a) has effect despite subitem 10(1) of Schedule 6 to the Tax Laws Amendment (Loss Recoupment Rules and Other Measures) Act 2005 ; and
(b) does not affect the application of amendments of section 23A of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 commencing after the commencement of the amendments of that section made by this Schedule.
Subitem 10(1) of Schedule 6 to the Tax Laws Amendment (Loss Recoupment Rules and Other Measures) Act 2005 applied the amendment inserting section 23A in the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 to contributions made on or after 1 January 2006.
8 Transitional - charge remaining payable at commencement
If, for the purposes of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 , superannuation guarantee charge:
(a) became payable under an assessment before 24 June 2008 (apart from item 7A); and
(b) was not fully paid before 24 June 2008; this item applies in relation to the employer's liability to pay the proportion of the charge (the remaining charge ) remaining payable at that commencement.
After 24 June 2008, subsection 23A(2) applies as if the remaining charge became payable at that commencement.
If it is proposed to amend the assessment to effect a reduction, as a result of an offset under section 23A of that Act, in the employer's liability to pay the remaining charge, then:
(a) subsection 37(3) of that Act applies as if the assessment were made at 24 June 2008; and
(b) paragraph 37(5)(a) of that Act applies as if the remaining charge became payable under the assessment at that commencement.
If the assessment was of superannuation guarantee charge payable in relation to a year (instead of a quarter), then that Act also applies as if references in that Act to a quarter were references to a year. 9 Transitional - charge for a year that becomes payable after commencement
(a) is payable in relation to a year (instead of a quarter) happening before 24 June 2008 (apart from item 7A); and
(b) does not become payable until after that commencement;
then that Act applies, in relation to the employer's liability to pay the charge, as if references in that Act to a quarter were references to a year.
S 23A(2) formerly read:
The election must be made within 4 years after the employer's superannuation guarantee charge for the quarter became payable. The election cannot be revoked.
The contribution is offset, at the time the employer's original assessment for the quarter is made, against the employer's liability to pay superannuation guarantee charge to the extent that the liability relates to:
(a) that part of the employer's nominal interest component for the quarter that relates to the employee; or
(b) the employer's individual superannuation guarantee shortfall for the employee for the quarter.
S 23A(3) amended by No 14 of 2009, s 3 and Sch 3 item 3, by inserting " , at the time the employer's original assessment for the quarter is made, " after " The contribution is offset " , applicable to elections under section 23A of the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 made on or after 26 March 2009.
The contribution is offset against that part of the employer's nominal interest component for the quarter that relates to the employee before any remainder is offset against the employer's individual superannuation guarantee shortfall for the employee for the quarter.
23A(4A)
If the election happens after the employer's assessment for the quarter is made, then, for the offset to take effect, the assessment must be amended accordingly under section 37 .
S 23A(4A) inserted by No 38 of 2008, s 3 and Sch 2 item 3, effective 24 June 2008. For transitional provisions, see note under s 23A(2).
A contribution to a superannuation fund or an RSA made by an employer for the benefit of an employee that is taken into account under this section in relation to a quarter is not to be taken into account:
(a) under this section in relation to any other quarter; or
(b) under section 22 or 23 .
S 23A inserted by No 147 of 2005, s 3 and Sch 6 item 5, applicable to contributions made on or after 1 January 2006.
Former S 23A repealed by No 142 of 2004, s 3 and Sch 1 item 1, applicable to contributions made on or after 1 January 2005. S 23A formerly read:
SECTION 23A EMPLOYER'S REPORTING OBLIGATIONS FOR SUPERANNUATION CONTRIBUTIONS
This section applies if an employer makes a contribution to a superannuation fund or an RSA, for the benefit of an employee, that reduces the rate of the employer's charge percentage under section 23 (other than a contribution that is taken to have been made because of subsection 23(9A) ).
This section does apply to contributions that are taken to have been made because of subsection 23(13) .
The employer must give a report to the employee in writing identifying the amount of the contribution and setting out any other information required by the regulations.
The employer must give the report within 30 days of making the contribution.
An employer commits an offence if:
(a) the employer makes a contribution to an RSA or a superannuation fund for the benefit of an employee; and
(b) the contribution reduces the rate of the employer's charge percentage under section 23 ; and
(c) the employer does not give a report to the employee as required.
Penalty: 30 penalty units.
False or misleading reports are covered by the offences in sections 137.1 and 137.2 of the Criminal Code .
Strict liability applies to paragraph (4)(b).
For strict liability , see section 6.1 of the Criminal Code .
S 23A inserted by No 51 of 2002. For application and transitional provisions, see note under s 5(3).
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This past weekend we were witness to the coming together of students, parents and staff, to host another very successful Spring Bazaar! The flea market was held in the bustling and busy gymnasium and there were several vendors from outside the school and a long line of eager shoppers who were at the door.
Seeing the Jazz Band up on stage was very heartwarming. It is amazing to see how much progress the band has made over this year and we hope the short glimpse into the Kitara was another reminder of how wonderful this performance will be.
On an annual basis, HIS sets aside funds to support families who may find themselves in financial.
The Executive Board updated the Financial Assistance application process and related documents ahead of the 2017 ~ 2018 school year. If you are in need of financial assistance, please stop by the school office and pick up the HIS Financial Assistance Application from Administrative Assistant, Mr. Hirotake Tawaraya.
Today is the first of four weeks of announcements regarding Financial Assistance. Applications will be available from Tuesday, April 4.
The deadline for Financial Assistance Applications is May 1.
Thanks to everyone who came out to the Spring Bazaar this Saturday!
It was another very successful HIS community event! Wonderful to see parents, students and teachers all working together so cooperatively.
A very special thanks to all the PTA members and parent volunteers who worked so hard leading up to Saturday and throughout the day.
Yet again, your efforts helped the PTA raise a huge amount of money with which to support the students and school programing through grants.
Have a great week, and I look forward to seeing many of you again this coming Friday at Kitara!
Each meeting, we appreciate your dedicated and valued work in making our school grow.
We are all set for the ABC Spring Concert in Kitara Small Hall. The mission for the night is to inspire the audience. I am sure that our performers will make the show worth watching and that all will be moved.
Best of luck to all on this very long day. Sincere gratitude to all for supporting our child performers. It should be a great night.
The current Grade 10 class continues to fundraise in preparation for their service trip next year, and they are currently in need of a small refrigerator to store supplies for fundraising activities. If any HIS community members have a used, working refrigerator they would be willing to donate, please contact Ms. Harmon at lharmon@his.ac.jp.
About 3 more weeks left till the big day!
Please read below for two important notices about the concert.
First… TICKET SALES NEEDS YOUR HELP!
Secondly, because this will be a long day for all students and teachers, the Administration and the Music Department has agreed that following a Wednesday schedule would be the most beneficial for all.
EY has a normal "Wednesday" school day.
All secondary students will report directly to Kitara on their own at designated rehearsal times.
Naomi Noda for clearing the mud from the shoes closet at the front entrance of HIS Niseko.
The HISNiseko PTA. Our school is lucky to have such dedicated parents helping us out. Thank you for providing comprehensive support for all we do here at HIS. I look forward to meeting with the PTA Liaison representatives in the upcoming weeks.
Mr. Sim and Mr. Boyd for chaperoning the Futsal team down to their tournament in Osaka.
PTA Mothers who are working so hard to support the performance at Kitara.
PTA for their generous donations to meet various needs across the school.
Really big numbers of MS girls turned up last week for the first day on `unofficial` Spring practice. It was great to see so many newcomers as well.
Mr Johnson and Mr Katayama do such a fantastic job every Wednesday afternoon leading our guitar group. We really have some budding guitarists of the future.
Do you ever have trouble receiving the weekly HEx, Husky-Info bulletins or other school-wide emails? Do you have another email address to which you'd like to receive these electronic communications? If so, please email our communications coordinator at jtomasine@his.ac.jp so we can update our mailing lists and include you as soon as possible!
Back by popular demand, HIS offers after school Japanese language lessons. Classes are held on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays from 3:45 - 4:45 PM.
Please note, all Steering Committee meetings are held on the first Wednesday of each month. Any parent is welcome to attend, and please let Neil or Megumi know if you would like to become a regular (and voting) member of the committee.
Free babysitting is available for during the meeting upon request.


The Firm is proud to announce Diane M. Stasiuk was recently appointed to the Land Value Appraisal Commission. Congratulations Diane.
Tanya Keller, Lisa Manaigre and Corrine Lavallee and our students Josh Bokhaut, Terrance DeLaronde and Anna Solmundson, who received the distinguished honour of receiving the 2015 Headnotes and Footnotes award.


After much deliberation I've finally decided. I'm moving. My blog, that is. To my own domain. If all goes well, I should have the new site up and running in a few days. I'm planning on continuing with WordPress.
Any tips on moving a WordPress blog to a new host?


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Last Flag Flying
Date: October 19, 2017Author: Jack Blackwell 0 Comments
With the Before trilogy, Richard Linklater has proved that he's a master of continuing stories, but it's still a surprise to see him tackle a follow-up to another director's film from 1973. Last Flag Flying is adapted from Darryl Poniscan's novel, a sequel to The Last Detail, already turned into a film by Hal Ashby, starring a young Jack Nicholson, and though Linklater definitely honours the original, he also puts his trademark razor-sharp humanist spin on it. There's never a wink or nudge in sight, and though this total sincerity left Last Flag Flying open to some critical snipes after its New York Film Festival premiere, it's this element that makes the film so special.
Set in 2003, with the Iraq War in full swing, Last Flag Flying follows three estranged Vietnam war buddies, reunited by the death of the youngest trio member's son, killed in action in Baghdad. The bereaved father is Larry Shepard (Steve Carell), known as 'Doc' to his military friends, just about the main character in a very evenly served cast. On his way to the funeral, he seeks out the hot-headed, anti-authority Sal Nealon (Bryan Cranston) and the reformed now-preacher Richard Mueller (Laurence Fishburne), the only people his crushed and confused soul can rely on.
This heart of tragedy powers Linklater's film, never conveniently forgotten or underplayed for the sake of a cheap laugh. It lends the terrific performances extra power and means that the plentiful jokes come from a place of empathy, never cruelty. In fact, the film's funniest scene – an uproarious reminiscing session in which the characters' joyous laughter is utterly infectious – is also one of the most moving. Even as the memories reduce the men to their raucous 21 year old selves, the strain of the past 30 years never quite leaves their faces.
Of course, you need top-tier actors for this to work, and Linklater's cast is tremendous. Fishburne's is the funniest role, with Cranston's jokes often, deliberately, grating as he desperately avoids taking life seriously. Both of them are very verbal, Carell impressing in a very different way. Soft-spoken, choked by grief, it's a brilliant piece of underplayed acting. As he announces his son's death, and later remembers his life, he breaks your heart with very little in the way of crying or screaming, aided in this endeavour by a perfect sad-sack moustache that does a lot of heavy emotional lifting.
It's possibly Carell's finest dramatic performance, and to give such a low key performance in the same year as his explosively energetic display as Bobby Riggs in Battle of the Sexes further proves his serious talent and range. There's not much room for other characters outside of the lead three. J Quinton Johnson, who starred in Linklater's previous film Everybody Wants Some, holds his ground well with the older stars, but Yul Vasquez gets short shrift as a stubborn colonel who gets forgotten about as soon as is convenient and Linklater's roles for women are, once again, minimal.
Doc, Sal, and Mueller are a blast to hang out with, and once it becomes clear that the Marines lied to Doc about the circumstances of his son's death, their funeral plans change into a road trip movie. Doc demands that he be able to bury Larry Jr in his hometown, rather than with hero's honours in Arlington, and so they set about transporting the coffin across the country, in cars, trucks, and trains. Though it's never lingered too morbidly on, there's something wrenching about the 'transit coffin' that they're transporting. With its labels of 'head' and 'legs', an entire life is reduced to a fragile, 'this way up' object.
It's an unshowy film on a technical level, simple shots letting the dialogue and acting take charge. In fact, it's not immediately identifiable as a Linklater effort if you weren't aware going in, but his sensibility proves a perfect fit for a study of aging and loss. Last Flag Flying is not maudlin, but it is mournful, not only for the dead young men sent off to pointless wars, but also for lives lost to bad decisions and apathy. For all his bluster, Sal's refusal to grow up has stunted him, and his slow recognition of this is one of the film's best arcs.
In a Q+A session after the film, Linklater made it clear that this is as close to a war film as he's ever going to make, though his beautiful love for human life has perhaps made a proper anti-war film like this an inevitability. As the Vietnam and Iraq troops are united by their respective betrayals by their government, the point is made that every generation has 'their' war, a hideous fact of American life. It's not subtle, nor is it exactly an original thought, but it's put forward in such an irresistible and soulful manner that it still hits like a hammer.
Directed by Richard Linklater
Written by Richard Linklater and Darryl Ponicsan
Starring; Steve Carell, Bryan Cranston, Laurence Fishburne
Last Flag Flying does not yet have a UK release date
Bryan CranstonDarryl PonicsanLast Flag FlyingLaurence FishburneRichard LinklaterSteve CarellThe Last Detail
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View more >Person-organization (P-O) fit has attracted much attention as an important workplace and career variable, but there is little consensus regarding conceptualization, operationalization, and the criteria used to measure it. Values congruence, personality congruence, knowledge-skills-abilities, and goal congruence are recognized as separate aspects of P-O fit, and have been identified as predictors of work attitudes and behaviors. The present study reports on the development and initial validation of a perceived goal congruence scale that can be used to measure perceptions of similarity between employee and organizational goals, which has not been studied previously. Initial items were administered to 895 employees of a manufacturing company in Indonesia. Exploratory factor analyses identified a single factor, which was confirmed on a holdout sample using confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity was demonstrated by testing correlations between the new scale and attitudinal variables of job satisfaction, intention to quit, and organizational commitment. Structural validity was demonstrated by showing that perceived goal congruence was independent from, and explained additional variance over and above, the other measures of fit.


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The past two decades have seen the completion of the shift away from stock-options-dominated long-term incentive programs to a portfolio approach of multiple incentives, heavily weighted on performance shares. While this shift has been driven by shareholders and advisory firms, the question remains as to whether today's long-term incentive designs actually meeting companies' needs? Are they successfully motivating and driving superior performance? No "right answers" exist to eliminate the shortcomings of today's plans, but there are design and implementation approaches that can make the next generation of long-term incentives more effective. From key principles like simplicity and stability to line-of-sight and effective communication, this webcast will discuss design and implementation steps that can effectively address these principles and make your long-term incentives more effective.


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Support pledged to campaign against child grooming
Joseph Keith
First awareness day for child sexual exploitation
Campaign urges people to help authorities spot signs of abuse and grooming
Local councils, police force and hospitals back campaign
Tackling the sexual exploitation of children is "the number one priority", police bosses have said.
Officers from West Yorkshire Police pledged their support on Wednesday as the country marked the first Child Sexual Exploitation Awareness Day.
Police joined local councils to visit schools and businesses to increase awareness of abuse offences as part of the campaign.
West Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner, Mark Burns-Williamson, said £3.5m had been made available to the force to help deal with online crimes, human trafficking and abuse.
The figure includes £1.5m to form a dedicated team to investigate abuse and £440,000 for campaigns and to raise awareness.
He said: "Child Sexual Abuse is an abhorrent offence and we are pleased to support the awareness day in West Yorkshire
"The issue of tackling child sexual exploitation is the number one priority for West Yorkshire Police and this is the reason I have committed £1.5-million to establish a dedicated team within West Yorkshire Police to work with safeguarding detectives in investigating this crime."
Specially-trained abuse officers manned information stands at venues across the district to raise awareness.
The force said it will treat every report of child grooming seriously and sympathetically.
The campaign was also backed by Kirklees Council's Safeguarding Children Board, which set up a Know The Signs scheme in partnership with police.
The issue of tackling child sexual exploitation is the number one priority for West Yorkshire Police
West Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner Mark Burns-Williamson
The scheme aims to help people spot signs of grooming by offering tips on the police website.
Det Chief Insp Sue Jenkinson said: "An extensive programme of work has been ongoing through our Know the Signs campaign and in schools to make both young people and parents aware of child sexual abuse and to encourage them to report it."
It comes as a new type of assessment is being introduced at hospitals to help staff identify children at risk of, or experiencing, the abuse.
This is what you can rent for £1,000 per month across the UK
The assessment was designed by health workers at South West Yorkshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust.
Emma Cox, named nurse for safeguarding children at the trust, said: "Children at risk of sexual exploitation are some of the most vulnerable in society.
"Many have experienced abandonment or have suffered from physical and mental abuse. They need help but don't know where to look.
"This will help staff recognise those vital signs that children give but might not have the confidence to share."
The campaign also sparked a social media frenzy after organisers urged Twitter users to post tweets using the hashtag #CSEDay15.
People were asked to tweet using the hashtag at noon on Wednesday.
Visit www.westyorkshire.police.uk/cse for more information.


INNOmaterials worked out a bioplastic product with extract of starch of corn which will be probably used in the watch-making sector.
A new concept allowing to develop a material which will respect the large-scale environment.
More details in the broadcast "inventer demain" proposed by the French channel, France 3.


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The Binjhal (also known as Binjhwar) is an ethnic group and an offshoot of the Austroasiatic Baiga tribe, are found mainly in many districts of Odisha, Chhatishgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. The 2011 census showed their population to be around 137,040. They are classified as a Scheduled Tribe by the Indian government.

Etymology
There are multiple legends regarding the origin of the tribe's name. According to one legend the name is derived from the words Bin and Jhal, meaning without sweat. The name Binjhal or Binjhwar is derived from the Vindhya Range hills (also known as Vindhyanchal) and they worship their patron deity Bindhyabasini'''.

History
Historically the tribe has been known for fighting spirit. It is said that the tribe gave shelter to the mother of Chauhan Dynasty king Ramai Dev in 14th century. They also fought on the side of Veer Surendra Sai & Madho Singh (Ghess) during the Paika rebellion.

Subdivisions

The Binjhals are divided into a number of exogamous groups called Vansas, namely Amri, Nag, Khusal, Duguke, Kamati, Mahaiinga, Bagha, Marthi Endja, Bentakar, Majhi. These are further divided into patriarchal lineages such as Surya Bansi, Nag Bansi, Hillchip, Chauhan and Rajput.

 Culture

Binjhal families are mostly nuclear. They follow Paternal lineage and Patrilocal traditions. Marriage with same exogamous vansa'' is prohibited. Monogamous marriages are common. Marriage by negotiation is the most common type of marriage. However cross-cousin marriage, junior levirate, junior sororate, marriage by elopement, and by capture are also allowed. Divorce, remarriage of widows, widowers and divorcees are also permitted. The groom has to pay the bride price in cash.
They practice burial in cases of deaths. However cremation is practised by the rich.

They do not have any traditional village council. Elders of the village play a central dispute resolution.
The tribe worship Hindu deities. Animist beliefs are also followed by the members.

See also
 Tribes of India

References

External links

Scheduled Tribes of India
Social groups of Odisha
Scheduled Tribes of Odisha


Expect for me to be posting some highlighted examples of my creations here from time to time. For all the rest, Be sure to check out my constantly updated flickr page displaying my most recent works.
Le Palais de l'Archev�que: Interior Medieval Gothic. ... Castle in progress.


text:
A TIMES NEWS Special Report
Return to the TIMES NEWS
Walking a mile to raise millions
Hundreds of people begin the walk during the 11th Annual Lehigh Valley Buddy Walk in Breinigsville. The Kupinsky family is shown at the far right, followed by the Waksmunskis. (All photos by Bob Ford/Times News)
By KAREN CIMMS
kcimms@tnonline.com
With their entire family in tow, including 6-month-old twins Shane and Wyatt, the Waksmunski family of Mahoning Township recently joined close to 1,000 others for the 11th Annual Lehigh Valley Buddy Walk in Breinigsville at Valley Preferred Cycling Center/Rodale Fitness Park.
The Waksmunskis took advantage of a beautiful autumn afternoon to join other supporters of those with Down syndrome in raising money and awareness. It was one of the twins' first public appearances. Both boys were diagnosed with Down syndrome shortly after their birth in March.
Eric Waksmunski gets a reaction from Shane as he gets the twins ready to leave for the Buddy Walk.
Although the boys didn't get to participate in the actual walk, as the one-mile trek coincided with the time they needed to be fed, it gave their parents Eric Waksmunski and Mary Anne Christo, and 3-year-old brother Jesse, a chance to meet other Down syndrome families, such as the Kupinsky family from Coaldale.
"I really liked the event," said Waksmunski of his first Buddy Walk. "What I liked best about it was meeting the people. A lot of the people that we met have been following us on Facebook, so they knew the story."
Eric carries Shane out of the house on their way to the Buddy Walk. Shane's heart monitor is in the bag over Eric's shoulder.
He said his wife, Mary, had a very positive experience as well.
"Mary really, really enjoyed some of the mothers that she met there. That was really important to us."
And just as important, said Waksmunski, was raising money for the Eastern Pennsylvania Down Syndrome Center (EPDSC).
"That's obviously why we were all there."
The Waksmunskis have raised $2,245 thus far, and will continue to accept donations until Dec. 31.
Jesse peeks into the house from the porch before leaving for the Buddy Walk.
"People are still donating," said Waksmunski. "I'm still receiving checks. Donations are still coming, and that's good. The support that we've received has been overwhelming. People have come forward, and have been really awesome."
The goal of the EPDSC for this year's Buddy Walk was $85,000, but it has fallen short thus far, having collected only $62,000. As donations are accepted through the end of the year, EPDSC coordinator Maria Floryshak hopes that some ground will be made over the next three months.
Last year, Buddy Walk events across the country raised over $10 million.
The Waksmunski family arrives at their base camp in the infield of the Valley Preferred Cycling Center for the Lehigh Valley Buddy Walk.
Those who would like to donate online, can go to "Shane and Wyatt's Journey With Down Syndrome" on Facebook, become a member of the page and then click on "Events," and then follow the directions there; or send a check to Eric Waksmunski, P.O. Box 214, Lehighton, PA 18235. Make checks out to Eastern PA Down Syndrome Center, or contact Waksmunski directly at ericwaxy@ptd.net.
According to Floryshak, 90 percent of the money raised by the local Buddy Walk will stay in this area for use by the EPDSC, which provides medical evaluations, education and family support.
Donations also cover the salaries for three coordinators and an office manager, as well as rent for its facility. There are three physicians on staff, only one of which receives a nominal fee for services. The other two are volunteers.
Eric Waksmunski carries 3-year-old Jesse as he walks in the Buddy Walk at the Valley Preferred Cycling Center in Breinigsville, with his wife Mary Anne Christo.
The EPDSC also holds a conference each year, in addition to hosting several social events, such as a picnic and holiday party, as well as offering special programs.
While the Waksmunskis continue to collect money for this year's Buddy Walk, their thoughts are already turning to next year's event.
"I expect next year we'll be bigger and better organized than we were this year," said Waksmunski. "We'll definitely be in it next year. We're already looking forward to it."
Olivia Kupinsky, 5, gets a ride on her father, William Kupinsky's shoulders, as her mother, Carolyn Kupinsky, left, and sister Sam McCarthy, 12, center, carry signs for Team Olivia.
Meanwhile, as the Waksmunskis were participating in the Buddy Walk locally, Shane and Wyatt made their "big screen debut."
A picture of Christo and the twins was shown on the jumbo screen in Times Square in a NDSS video that featured 300 photos of children and adults with Down syndrome.
The picture was taken by Waksmunski when the boys were in Janet Weiss Children's Hospital in Danville. His brother, Brian, submitted it to the NDSS.
Olivia Kupinsky enjoys the view from her father William's shoulders during the Buddy Walk.
"He thought that was the best picture at the time of both babies and with mom," said Waksmunski. "Personally, I agree. I love that picture."
To see the NDSS Times Square video, visit the NDSS website at http://www.ndss.org.
Chapter 1: A difficult pregnancy
Buddy Walk will raise money for Down syndrome
Chapter 2: The long road home
EPDSC hosts annual Holiday party
Chapter 3: Breathing a little easier
Chapter 4: Counting on each other
July 19: Chapter 1
Sept. 14: Chapter 2
Oct. 8: Buddy Walk
March 7: Chapter 3


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Solaris Es — третий студийный альбом российской певицы Нюши, релиз которого состоялся 16 октября 2020 года. В переводе с латинского Solaris Es — солнечное искусство. Альбом состоит из 19 треков. Продюсером и автором всех песен является сама Нюша. Для каждого нового трека были выпущены visualizers (вижуалайзеры), объединенные в один музыкальный фильм «Solaris Es Spiritual Journey», наполненный различными пасхалками. Режиссерами фильма выступили Инес По и Валерия Масалевич.

Создание альбома и концепция
Работа над альбомом велась на протяжении шести лет — с 2014 по 2020 год. Обложкой альбома певица поделилась в своих социальных сетях 10 сентября 2020 года, а 11 сентября был открыт предзаказ на стриминговых музыкальных сервисах. По словам самой Нюши, альбом стоит слушать в указанном порядке, чтобы лучше понять основную суть и не пропустить так называемые «филы» (переходы от одной песни к другой, содержащие определенный смысл).

«В альбоме Solaris Es собраны очень особенные песни, каждая влияет и работает на понимание общего смысла и всё не случайно, даже цвет подсветки кнопок в лифте, присмотрись, погугли, они совпадают с цветами чакр. Обещаю, будет над чем подумать, но я всегда оставляю подсказки… В каждой сцене — скрытая метафора, каждая обо мне. Это не просто чередование mood-video или бессмысленных клипов, это ментальное путешествие, аллегории и отражение моих ощущений. То как писались эти песни, то насколько всё совпало по смыслу…

Всё начинается и заканчивается светом, он слепит, как сценический софит; высвечивает детали, он меняется вместе со мной, а точнее я вместе с ним… я его частичка, частичка этого удивительного мира. Solaris Es — альбом, сделанный полностью моим видением, так, как чувствую я».

Синглы
 «Таю» — первый сингл с альбома, выпущенный 21 сентября 2018 года.
 «Между нами» — единственная дуэтная работа Нюши с Артёмом Качером на альбоме, выпущенная 13 сентября 2019 года.
 «Пьяные мысли» — третий сингл с альбома, выпущенный 4 сентября 2020 года. Из клипа, который был выпущен в тот же день, Нюша создала арт-проект. 19 февраля 2021 года на трек был выпущен ремикс и новый видеоклип под названием «Грязные танцы» с участием ЛСП.
 «Дыши, люби, цени» — четвертый сингл, выпущенный вместе с альбомом. 29 октября 2020 в прямом эфире онлайн-концерта «OK На связи!» певица сообщила, что данный трек является следующим синглом. 9 декабря 2020 был выпущен клип, в котором снялась видеоблогер и ютубер Анастасия Радзинская (Like Nastya).

Рекламная кампания
Специально для пользователей стримингового сервиса «Яндекс.Музыка», Нюша выпустила эксклюзивную версию пластинки, в которую вошли голосовые комментарии к трекам: «Solaris Es» (вступление), «Ruber Es» (часть 1), «Aurantiacus Es» (часть 2), «Flavus Es» (часть 3), «Viridis Es» (часть 4), «Venetus Es» (часть 5), «Caeruleus Es» (часть 6) и «Violaceus Es» (часть 7). Названия комментариев с латыни переводятся как цвета чакр.

29 октября 2020 года Нюша выступила на онлайн-концерте «ОК На связи!», где представила новую программу и вживую исполнила семь композиций с альбома. В тот же день объявила о том, что четвертым синглом станет песня «Дыши, люби, цени». Количество просмотров выпуска составило более трех миллионов.

4 декабря 2020 года певица посетила развлекательное шоу «Вечерний Ургант», в котором обсудила альбом и в качестве музыкального гостя выступила с песней «Капкан» совместно со своим танцевальным балетом.

Список композиций
Информация из Tidal.

Участники записи
 Нюша Шурочкина — продюсер, вокал, бэк-вокал, композитор, автор песен.
 Дмитрий Агафонов — композитор.
 Александр Крюков — саунд-продюсер, композитор.
 Анатолий Алексеев — композитор.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Альбом «Solaris Es» на сервисе Apple Music

Альбомы по алфавиту
Альбомы 2020 года
Альбомы Нюши
Поп-альбомы