I am indeed delighted to be here with scientists, researchers, experts and guests from Sami Labs here in Bangalore. My greetings to all of you.
Friends, for the past 15 years, Sami Lab has been working towards giving research leadership in the domains of multinational health sciences and production of nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, herbal extracts, fine chemicals, specialty chemicals and probiotics. It has research expertise in many other domains such as flow cytometry, microbiological research, tissue culture, synthetic chemistry and phytochemistry.
I am happy to know that Sami Lab has grown to six manufacturing facilities across the nation and also in Utah, USA. I am glad to know that Sami Lab envisions to create products which are "designed to deliver" and hence meet international expectations and norms and today this lab has 92 US and International Patents. I congratulate all of you for such these achievements.
I was thinking when I am in the midst of researchers from various expertise areas, scientists and entrepreneurs in technology, what thoughts can I share with you. Friends, for any nation to be developed, it is important that the science and technology is of the cutting edge. Nations which have grown rapidly in economy have first exponentially grown in their technological competence. Hence, today, I am going to discuss with all of you on the topic of Convergence of Technology leads to an Economically Developed India.
Dear friends, first I would like to share my thoughts particularly with the young and experienced scientists of Sami Labs.
As a Senior Scientific Assistant in DTDP(Air) I was working in ADE in the development of the hovercraft. During 1960, I was introduced to Sir James Michael Lighthill of Royal Society, who is an expert in supersonic flow, while he was visiting DTDP (Air) establishments and NAL. My Director Dr. Mediratta asked me to explain my work to Prof. Lighthill. I took him to the hovercraft and explained and later flew him in the hovercraft for over half an hour with all the maneuvers. After the flight, Prof Lighthill said, "Kalam, in UK operational hovercraft is getting ready. After seeing you, flying a beautiful hovercraft, I am sure; India is nearly becoming the second nation in development of hovercraft technology."
At ISRO, when we launched SLV-3, we were told by the world that we are the fourth nation in launch vehicle technology. When PSLV was launched by ISRO, again we were told that we are the fourth nation developing such systems.
When DRDO launched Agni-V, it was told that they are fourth nation in the world. When DRDO launched underwater missile recently, we have proclaimed that we are the third nation.
When India became a nuclear weapon state in 1998, the world called us the fifth nation to develop nuclear weapons. India entered into super computer development two decades ago. At that time, it was told, this will make India third or fourth nation to have super computer capability.
I call this as 'India going through the fifth nation syndrome'. To break the fifth nation syndrome, we need massive effort by the young creative minds who are research focused. We have to inspire the young creative minds with the spirit "I can do it, and they will ensure that they will break the fifth nation syndrome through innovation, creativity and culture of excellence.
Friends, you all belong to an organization which stands for a culture of excellence. And excellence is not by accident. It is a process, where an individual, organization, or nation continuously strives to better oneself. The performance standards are set by themselves, they work on their dreams with focus and are prepared to take calculated risks and do not be deterred by failures as they move towards their dreams. Then they step up their dreams as they tend to reach the original targets. They strive to work to their potential, in the process, they increase their performance thereby multiplying further their potential, and this is an unending life cycle phenomenon. They are not in competition with anyone else, but themselves. That is the culture of excellence.
A Nation where the rural and urban divide has reduced to a thin line.
A Nation where there is an equitable distribution and adequate access to energy and quality water.
A Nation where agriculture, industry and service sector work together in symphony.
A Nation where education with value system is not denied to any meritorious candidates because of societal or economic discrimination.
A Nation, which is the best destination for the most talented scholars, scientists, and investors.
A Nation where the best of health care is available to all.
A Nation where the governance is responsive, transparent and corruption free.
A Nation where poverty has been totally eradicated, illiteracy removed and crimes against women and children are absent and none in the society feels alienated.
A Nation that is prosperous, healthy, secure, devoid of terrorism, peaceful and happy and continues with a sustainable growth path.
A Nation that is one of the best places to live in and is proud of its leadership.
The information technology and communication technology have already converged leading to Information and Communication Technology(ICT). Information Technology combined with bio-technology has led to bio-informatics. Similarly, Photonics is grown out from the labs to converge with classical Electronics and Microelectronics to bring in new high speed options in consumer products. Flexible and unbreakable displays using thin layer of film on transparent polymers have emerged as new symbols of entertainment and media tools. Now, Nano-technology has come in. It is the field of the future that will replace microelectronics and many fields with tremendous application potential in the areas of medicine, electronics and material science. I am sure about the use of nano-robot for drug delivery. When Nano technology and ICT meet, integrated silicon electronics, photonics are born and it can be said that material convergence will happen. With material convergence and biotechnology linked, a new science called Intelligent Bioscience will be born which would lead to a disease free, happy and more intelligent human habitat with longevity and high human capabilities. Convergence of bio-nano-info technologies can lead to the development of nano robots. Nano robots when they are injected into a patient, my expert friends say, it will diagnose and deliver the treatment exclusively in the affected area and then the nano-robot gets digested as it is a DNA based product. I saw the product sample in one of the labs in South Korea where best of minds with multiple technology work with a target of finding out of the box solution.
My experience in Harvard University: Convergence of science is reciprocating. Let me give an example. Recently, I was at the Harvard University where I visited laboratories of many eminent Professors from the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. I recall, how Professor Hongkun Park, showed me his invention of nano needles, which can pierce and deliver content into individual targeted cells. That's how nano particle sciences are shaping the bio sciences. On the other hand, Professor Vinod Manoharan showed how bio sciences is shaping nano material science as well. He is using DNA material to design self assembling particles. When a particular type of DNA is applied on a particle at the atomic level, he is able to generate a prefixed behavior and automatic assembly from them. This could be our answer to self assembly of devices and colonies in deep space without human intervention as envisioned by Dr K Erik Drexler. Thus, within a single research building, I saw how two different sciences are shaping each other without any iron curtain between the technologists. This reciprocating contribution of sciences to one another is going to shape our future and industry needs to be ready for it.
Similarly, last month, I visited the University of Edinburgh, in the United Kingdom, where I met Professor Siddharthan Chandran who showed me the Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic. I was particularly impressed by the work being conducted in the field of early detection of mental and neural disorders.
Professor Chandran showed his work on deploying technologies typically used by eye care professionals, and use it to help detect neural disorders. Using optical scanner devices, his team is mapping the inside of the eye, particular Retina. They are going further, and targeting the optical nerve, a small opening into the Retina which carries neurons and photo receptors from the eye to the brain. Using advanced technologies they are able to "peep" down the optical nerves for new millimeters and make a longitudinal and cross section image Of it.
Friends, are you ready to bring down the iron curtain existing between various technological and management disciplines.
Now, a new trend is emerging. The aspect being introduced is that of Ecology. Globally, the demand is shifting towards development of sustainable systems which are technologically superior. This is the new dimension of the 21st century knowledge society, where science and environment will go together. Thus the new age model would be a four dimensional bio-nano-info-eco based. When technologies and systems converge, obviously one important aspect is "systems thinking and implementation".
Friends, in any establishment, any organization, always one demand that will come in front of you, that is: the experience of system design, system integration, and system management of the assignment or the task to be undertaken by you. I would like to present my experience of learning system design, system integration and system management while I was studying aeronautical engineering in MIT, Chennai, (1954-57) during the third year of my course.
I was assigned a project to design a low-level attack aircraft together with six other colleagues. I was given the responsibility of system design and system integration by integrating the team members. Also, I was responsible for aerodynamic and structural design of the project. The other five of my team took up the design of propulsion, control, guidance, avionics and instrumentation of the aircraft. My design teacher Prof. Srinivasan, the then Director of MIT, was our guide. He reviewed the project and declared my work to be gloomy and disappointing. He didn't lend an ear to my difficulties in bringing together data base from multiple designers. I asked for a month's time to complete the task, since I had to get the inputs from five of my colleagues without which I cannot complete the system design. Prof. Srinivasan told me "Look, young man, today is Friday afternoon. I give you three days time. If by Monday morning I don't get the configuration design, your scholarship will be stopped." I had a jolt in my life, as scholarship was my lifeline, without which I cannot continue with my studies. There was no other way out but to finish the task. My team felt the need for working together round the clock. We didn't sleep that night, working on the drawing board skipping our dinner. On Saturday, I took just an hour's break. On Sunday morning, I was near completion, when I felt someone's presence in my laboratory. It was Prof. Srinivasan studying my progress. After looking at my work, he patted and hugged me affectionately. He had words of appreciation: "I knew I was putting you under stress and asking you to meet a difficult deadline. You have done great job in system design".
Through this review mechanism Prof Srinivasan, really injected the necessity of understanding the value of time by each team member and brought out engineering education has to lead system design, system integration and system management. I realized that if something is at stake, the human minds get ignited and the working capacity gets enhanced manifold. That's what exactly happened. This is one of the techniques of building talent.
The message is that young in the organization, whatever is their specialization, be trained to systems approach and projects, which will prepare them for new products, innovation and undertaking higher organizational responsibilities.
Friends you should get ready to acquire knowledge in an integrated way for using multiple disciplines towards product development and its management.
Let me now talk about an important aspect which is needed in all organizations. We have to ensure that the entrepreneurial community has to work with integrity and succeed with integrity. Is it possible?
Profit with integrity leads to sustained growth. How is it possible? We need to have National ethics for sustained growth and peace. Where from it starts?
Nation has to have ethics in all its tasks, for sustained economic prosperity and peace.
If nation is to have ethics; society has to promote ethics and value system.
If families have to get evolved with ethics and value system, parenthood should have inbuilt ethics.
Parental ethics come from great learning, value based education and creation of clean environment that leads to righteousness in the heart.
Let us all resolve: we will carry this message to our home, family, business, state and the nation.
Friends, I have seen three dreams which have taken shape as vision, mission and realization. Space Program of ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization), AGNI program of DRDO (Defense Research and Development Organization) and PURA (Providing Urban Amenities in Rural Areas) becoming the National Mission. Of course these three programmes succeeded in the midst of many challenges and problems. I have worked in all these three areas. I would like to convey to you, what I have learnt on leadership from these three programmes.
Leader must have a vision.
Leader must have a passion to accomplish the mission.
Leader must be able to travel into an unexplored path.
Leader must know how to manage a success and failure.
Leader must have courage to take decision.
Leader should have Nobility in management.
Every action of the leader should be transparent.
Leader should work with integrity and succeed with integrity.
I have been discussing these essential traits of creative leaders with people of eminence in different areas and students from India and abroad. Apart from this what is needed is the spirit among the youth that "I can do it, we can do it and the nation can do it." Our educational institutions, our government and our companies have to concentrate on developing the leadership traits and the confidence to perform among every youth of the nation. This quality of leadership will certainly empower the nation with sustainable development as its focus.
My best wishes to all the members Sami Labs success in the mission of developing quality technological human resource for the nation and the world.


The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MADOT) invites Milford area residents to a public information meeting from 6:30-8:30 p.m., Tuesday, October 16, at Milford Town Hall to learn about the current stage of the I-495/I-90 Interchange Improvements Project.
The MADOT project team will share details regarding the advancing concepts, as well as answer questions about the project.
A goal of this project is to make safety and operational improvements to the interchange which will enhance commerce and facilitate economic growth locally and regionally.
More information about the project can be found at https://www.mass. gov/i-495i-90-interchange-improvements.


What are checks? How do packages work? You've got questions? We've got answers!
What is a URL Patrol in this context?
Little Warden checks an individual URL once a day, You can put a root domain in, a subdomain or a full URL. We will check the exact URL you insert.
Does Little Warden check the whole domain?
No, Little Warden will only check the exact URL added, we currently restrict urls per domain to 5 to stop any potential problems but we can work with you if this is a problem.
What is a check per URL?
Little Warden has over 20 checks that we can do such as SSL Expiration, Redirect checking and indexability checks. You can enable / disable these on a per URL basis as different URLs require different monitoring.
The API allows you to create / remove a URL and check the current status of a URL.
How does this compare to Pingdom or other website monitoring services?
Little Warden is NOT uptime monitoring, Little Warden checks once a day for 'tedious but important things' which generally unnoticed.


Our Education program gives teachers and students greater access to our work.
Our Education Program provides students and teachers with insights into the work of Belvoir and first hand experiences of the theatre-making process.
We believe that Belvoir's body of work has a lot to offer a schools audience and Belvoir Education aims to support all students in understanding our work whilst our access programs work to remove obstacles to students experiencing and enjoying theatre.
Explore our education pages for more information and if you would like to hear about education opportunities throughout the year, sign up to our e-news.
Our schools performances are held on Wednesdays and Thursdays throughout the school year at Belvoir St Theatre in Surry Hills. Schools performances begin at 11.30am. All schools performances are followed by a Q&A session with the cast.
Tickets for schools performances are only $23 with one teacher attending free for every ten student tickets booked.
View upcoming schools performances here or browse our School Book below for more information.
Belvoir Education runs a range of access programs that work to remove obstacles to students experiencing and enjoying theatre.
Our Education program is not just about bringing students to Belvoir to see our plays but bringing Belvoir to students, wherever in the state they live. If you are a teacher in regional NSW you can read all about the opportunities available to regional schools here.
If you are a NSW public school eligible for Equity Funding in 2019 (former Priority Schools) or a high school in Western Sydney then you will want to read about our ticket subsidy program here.
Public schools in Western Sydney are also eligible to apply for our Theatre Enrichment Program which you can read about here.
Belvoir also partners with youth support organisations to give young people access to a professional theatre company and their artists via our Youth Express outreach program. You can find out more about Youth Express here.
Belvoir offers a wide range of practical workshops for students that support work in the drama classroom. All of our workshops are run by industry professionals who equip participants with skills, strategies, practical activities and ideas. You can book a student workshop at Belvoir or at your school on a date that suits you, subject to the availability of our artists.
Read all about our range of student workshops here.
Belvoir can also arrange workshops for school groups visiting Sydney each year during OnSTAGE and in Term 4 we offer Saturday HSC Drama IP workshops for new Year 12 students who are beginning work on their Individual Projects.
In 2019, a group of high school students will have the opportunity to be part of the Young Belvoir Theatre Club. Our theatre club aims to provide students who have connected with Belvoir through schools performances, workshops or work experience, with the opportunity to deepen and extend their relationship with the company. Applications for the 2019 Young Belvoir Theatre Club open Mon 15 October 2018 and close Mon 19 November 2018. More information about the club and how to apply can be found here.
We hold professional development workshops for teachers throughout the year. Find out about upcoming professional development workshops here and sign up to our e-news to keep up to date with further professional development opportunities.
Belvoir provides teachers and students with access to our archives, including the chance to view archival recordings of Belvoir's past productions by arrangement. These include Stolen, Neighbourhood Watch, The Lieutenant of Inishmore, Parramatta Girls, Mother Courage, Death of a Salesman, The Rover, Box the Pony, The Laramie Project, Angels in America and No Sugar.
Students and teachers are encouraged to explore the wide ranging selection of materials available on our resources page. Plans of the theatre are available to download for both set design and lighting design, as well as examples of costume renderings and links to interviews and YouTube trailers for past productions.
Belvoir also offers general backstage tours of the behind the scenes areas of Belvoir St Theatre.
Belvoir offers Work Experience to Year 10 students. More information is available here.
Everything you need to know about spending a day at Belvoir with your students can be found here.
Sign up to our Education e-news to be the first to receive information on special education events, tickets for schools performances, application deadlines, regional workshop tours, professional development opportunities and more.
To join, email your full name, school name and the subject you teach to [email protected]. Teachers who subscribe to our e-news will also have the chance to win preview tickets to one of our productions.


The Astrology of Self-Discovery provides guidance for achieving self-development through attunement to planetary influences and gives direction to those struggling with life's issues. Combining astrology, depth psychology, and spiritual teachings, Marks helps the reader make contact with the planets as they function as internal archetypes and personalities, as well as gain insight, perspective, and the tools for self-empowerment. She has helpful advice on how to prepare for and handle outer planet transits, especially Neptune and Pluto, which she covers indepth. She also addresses the healing of the 'inner child' and the feminine principle as expressed by the Moon, and the lunar nodes as an expression of life purpose. Provocative questions and worksheets help the reader apply the life lessons she presents.Marks' experience as a psychotherapist and spiritual teacher has enabled her to synthesize her knowledge of psychology with her astrological work to elucidate a path of deepening personal awareness and cooperation with planetary energies. The unique insights in The Astrology of Self-Discovery give fresh, new life to the practice of astrology.


Managing a comprehensive, defensible health and safety program to protect both individuals from hazards and the overall organization from liability can be overwhelming.
The ARCHIBUS Environmental Health & Safety (EH&S) application enables managers to quickly associate incidents with locations, equipment, and personnel and easily link employee training records and/or medical monitoring to these same incidents.
As part of a comprehensive Environmental Health & Safety management program, this application is a critical tool to help document evidence of compliance for internal standards or external regulatory requirements.
This documentation can greatly minimize both compliance costs, as well as monetary fines to the organization.
Track and manage waste streams from generation through disposition to minimize health and regulatory risk.
Track and manage energy use to control costs, reduce carbon footprint, and mitigate risk.


text:
Fiona McGregor is a Sydney writer and performance artist.
About Fiona McGregor
Fiona McGregor is a Sydney writer and artist. She has published five books including Strange Museums, a travel memoir of a performance art tour through Poland. Her latest novel Indelible Ink won Age Book of the Year. McGregor's essays, articles and reviews appear in publications including Overland, Runway, Running Dog, The Monthly and The Saturday Paper. Her photoessay A Novel Idea, a tongue-in-cheek documentation of novel-writing through the rubric of endurance performance, was published by Giramondo in June 2019.
Articles about Fiona McGregor
Desk Work:
A Novel Idea by Fiona McGregor
The work of a novelist is hard, menial and often dull work. Despite this, the work of a novelist at least cuts against the dominant temporalities of work. Through a queer commitment to craft, and by showing us this process in A Novel Idea, McGregor gets us to think harder about what drudgery means, not only for her and her work, or even artists and cultural workers more generally, but for any life and any work.
Jennifer Mae Hamilton
Published on 19.10.17 in
Articles by Fiona McGregor
Arresting Images: World War Noir and The Afterlife of Evidence
'The cover image of World War Noir depicts a male corpse, dramatically contorted, at the bottom of a lift well with an empty liquor bottle by his side. It's an arresting image, but coming as it does from the late 1930s, documenting a death that could have occurred years earlier or later for any number of reasons, it seems to have been chosen more than anything to get the attention of book buyers. Katherine Biber's In Crime's Archive examines such photographic material from a far closer and very different perspective.'
The Hot Desk:
Working Hot by Mary Fallon
Working Hot is a novel about dykes in Sydney, written with an experimental verve that still dazzles today. Author Mary Fallon was 38 when she published it. I was 23, writing short fiction, working in Abbey's Bookshop to pay the rent, and unsure of my sexuality. I remember reading The Kinsey Report out the back during lunch hour and being blown away by all the gay sex in 1950s USA. If, I calculated, there was the proverbial 10 per cent back then, surely now there were that many more. Indeed, in late 1980s Sydney, it didn't take long to find sexy dykes, for this was the beginning of an explosion of queer female performativity in bars and at parties, overtly and often abjectly sexual, that has never abated, despite myriad oppressive forces. What the wildest girls did on stage infected our entire community, making Sydney one of the dirtiest, dykiest places on earth, if not the.
Surro
Published on 07.11.17 in Sydney, Features

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We drive 15 Kms up the Manali-Rohtang Highway to the meadows of Gulaba. The views of the upper Kullu valley from here are quite spectacular. The trail goes eastwards and climbs steadily through forests. We walk slowly as the altitude can make you a little breathless. We cross a mountain stream and then keep climbing till we cross a mountain bridge beyond which lies the Bhrighu Lake at an altitude of 4270m. We reach this beautiful lake by late afternoon and set up camp.
We spend the day at leisure taking in the magnificent mountain views all around. Camp overnight on the lakeshore.
Today leaving the lake we walk across a small meadow and climbing up to a mountain bridge begin our steep descent to the village of Vashisht in the upper Kunu valley. The descent offers great views of the entire KuNu valley and we walk through forests and slowly emerge into apple orchards and finally reach Vashisht by evening. From here Manali is just 3 Kms away.


text:
\section{Introduction}
The so-called shifted surface spline is defined by
\begin{equation}
  h(x):=(-1)^{m}(|x|^{2}+c^{2})^{\frac{\lambda}{2}}log(|x|^{2}+c^{2})^{\frac{1}{2}},\ \lambda\in Z_{+},\ m=1+\frac{\lambda}{2},\ c>0,\ x\in R^{n},\ \lambda,\ n\ \mbox{even}
\end{equation}
, and
\begin{equation}
  h(x):=(-1)^{\lceil \lambda -\frac{n}{2}\rceil}(|x|^{2}+c^{2})^{\lambda-\frac{n}{2}},\ \lambda\in Z_{+}=\{ 1,2,3,\cdots \}, \ n\ \mbox{odd}\ \mbox{and}\ \lambda>\frac{n}{2}
\end{equation}
, where $|x|$ is the Euclidean norm of $x$, and $\lambda,\ c$ are constants. The number $\lceil\lambda-\frac{n}{2}\rceil$ denotes the smallest integer greater than or equal to $\lambda-\frac{n}{2}$.

This function was introduced by Dyn, Levin and Rippa in \cite{Dy1} for $x\in R^{2}$. Then it's extended to $R^{n}$ for $n\geq 1$. For further details we refer the reader to \cite{Bu,Du,Dy2,Po,Ri,Yo1,Yo2,Yo3,Yo4}.

Note that (2) is just multiquadric and will not be explored here. In this paper we only deal with (1). As is well known, $h(x)$ is conditionally positive definite of order $m=1+\frac{\lambda}{2}$ where $\lambda$ is of our choice. The constant $c$ is just the so-called shape parameter whose optimal choice is of our primary concern.

Since $h(x)$ is c.p.d.(conditionally positive definite) of order $m$, there exists a unique function $s(x)$ of the form
\begin{equation}
  s(x)=p(x)+\sum_{j=1}^{N}c_{j}h(x-x_{j})
\end{equation}
which interpolates any scattered set of data points $(x_{1},y_{1}),\cdots , (x_{N},y_{N})$ as long as $\{ x_{1},\cdots , x_{N}\}$ is polynomial-nondegenerate in $R^{n}$. Here $p(x)\in P_{m-1}$ is a polynomial of degree $\leq m-1$ and $c_{j}'s$ are chosen so that
$$\sum_{j=1}^{N}c_{j}q(x_{j})=0$$
for all polynomials $q$ in $P_{m-1}$.

We will show that whenever $x$ and the data points are fixed, the upper bound of $|f(x)-s(x)|$ will be made minimal by a good choice of $c$. Here $f(x)$ denotes the underlying function of the data points.

\subsection{Basic Ingredients}
\begin{de}
For $n=1,2,\cdots ,$ the integers $\gamma_{n}$ are defined by $\gamma_{1}=2$ and $\gamma_{n}=2n(1+\gamma_{n-1})$ for $n>1$.
\end{de}

The numbers $\gamma_{n}$ will appear in our criteria.

In this paper all approximated functions belong to a semi-Hilbert space ${\cal C}_{h,m}(R^{n})$, abbreviated as ${\cal C}_{h,m}$, where $m$ denotes the order of conditional positive definiteness of the function $h$. There is a semi-norm on ${\cal C}_{h,m}$, denoted by $\| \cdot \|_{h}$. The definition and characterization of this space can be found in \cite{Lu1,Lu2,MN1,MN2}. We will not repeat them. A subspace of ${\cal C}_{h,m}$, denoted by $B_{\sigma}$, is of our special concern and is defined as follows.
\begin{de}
For any $\sigma>0$,
$$B_{\sigma}:=\{ f\in L^{2}(R^{n}):\ \hat{f}(\xi)=0\ for \ all\ |\xi|>\sigma \}$$
is the set of band-limited functions, where $\hat{f}$ denotes the Fourier transform of $f$.
\end{de}

We need some constants as follows.
\begin{de}
Let $n,\lambda$ and $m$ be as in (1). The constants $\rho$ and $\Delta_{0}$ are defined according to the following three cases.
\begin{list}
  {(\alph{bean})}{\usecounter{bean} \setlength{\rightmargin}{\leftmargin}}
  \item Suppose $n-\lambda >3$. Let $s=\lceil \frac{n-\lambda -3}{2}\rceil $. Then
      $$\rho=1+\frac{s}{2m+3} \ and \ \Delta_{0}=\frac{(2m+2+s)(2m+1+s)\cdots (2m+3)}{\rho^{2m+2}}.$$
  \item Suppose $n-\lambda \leq 1$. Let $s=-\lceil \frac{n-\lambda-3}{2}\rceil$. Then
   $$\rho=1\ and\ \Delta_{0}=\frac{1}{(2m+2)(2m+1)\cdots (2m-s+3)}.$$
  \item Suppose $1<n-\lambda\leq 3$. Then
 $$\rho =1\ and \ \Delta_{0}=1.$$
\end{list}
\end{de}

Finally, the Fourier transform \cite{GS} of (1) should also be introduced. It's of the form
\begin{equation}
\hat{h}(\xi)=l(\lambda,n)|\xi|^{-\lambda-n}\tilde{{\cal K}}_{\frac{n+\lambda}{2}}(c|\xi|)
\end{equation}
where $l(\lambda,n)=(2\pi)^{-\frac{n}{2}}\cdot 2^{\frac{\lambda}{2}}\cdot (\frac{\lambda}{2}!)$ \cite{MN2} and $\tilde{{\cal K}}_{\nu}(t)=t^{\nu}{\cal K}_{\nu}(t)$, ${\cal K}_{\nu}(t)$ being the modified Bessel function of the second kind \cite{AS}.
\section{Fundamental Theory}
The cornerstone of our theory is the exponential-type error bound raised by the author in \cite{Lu8}. We cite it directly with a slight modification to make it easier to understand.

In the following theorem
$$d=d(E,X):=\sup_{y\in E}\inf_{x\in X}|y-x|$$
denotes fill distance.
\begin{thm}
Suppose $h$ is defined as in (1). Then, given any positive number $b_{0}$, there are positive constants $d_{0}$ and $\omega,\ 0<\omega <1$, which depend on $b_{0}$, for which the following is: If $f\in {\cal C}_{h,m}$ and $s$ is the $h$ spline defined in (3) that interpolates $f$ on a subset $X$ of $R^{n}$, then
\begin{equation}
|f(x)-s(x)|\leq \sqrt{l(\lambda,n)}\cdot (2\pi)^{\frac{1}{4}}\cdot \sqrt{n\alpha_{n}}\cdot \sqrt{\Delta_{0}}\cdot c^{\frac{\lambda}{2}}\cdot\omega^{\frac{1}{d}}\cdot \|f\|_{h}
\end{equation}
holds for all $x$ in a cube $E\subseteq \Omega$, where $\Omega$ is a set which can be expressed as the union of rotations and translations of a fixed cube of side $b_{0}$, provided that (a)$E$ has side $b\geq b_{0}$ and (b)$0<d\leq d_{0}$. Here, $\alpha_{n}$ denotes the volume of the unit ball in $R^{n}$, $c$ was defined in (1) and $\Delta_{0}$ was defined in Definition1.3.

The numbers $d_{0}$ and $\omega$ can be expressed specifically as
$$d_{0}=\frac{1}{6C\gamma_{n}(m+1)},\ \omega=\left( \frac{2}{3}\right) ^{\frac{1}{6C\gamma_{n}}}$$
where
$$C=\max\left\{ 2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}},\ \frac{2}{3b_{0}}\right\} ,\ \rho'=\frac{\rho}{c}.$$
The numbers $\gamma_{n}$ and $\rho$ were defined in Definition1.1 and 1.3, respectively, and $m=1+\frac{\lambda}{2}$ as in (1).
\end{thm}
{\bf Remark}: (a)The seemingly complicated theorem is in fact not difficult to understand. We expressed each constant specifically for later use. (b)The set $X$ of centers is usually contained in the cube $E$. However it's harmless to extend it to a more general form as a subset of $R^{n}$. (c)$\|f\|_{h}$ is the semi-norm of $f$ mentioned in subsection1.1.

On the right-hand side of the inequality (5), the only things dependent of the shape parameter $c$ are $c^{\frac{\lambda}{2}},\ \omega^{\frac{1}{d}}$ and $\|f\|_{h}$. Also, $d_{0}$ is dependent of $c$. It's not hard to imagine a good choice of $c$ will minimize the error bound (5). However it's nontrivial to express this error bound by an explicit function of $c$, and clarify the relation between $d_{0}$ and $c$. Further treatment of (5) is necessary.
\begin{lem}
Let $\sigma>0$ and $h$ be as in (1). For any $f\in B_{\sigma}$,
\begin{equation}
\|f\|_{h}\leq C_{0}(m,n)\cdot \left(\frac{2}{\pi}\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}\cdot \sigma^{\frac{1+n+\lambda}{4}}\cdot c^{\frac{1-n-\lambda}{4}}\cdot e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}\cdot\|f\|_{L^{2}}
\end{equation}
, where
$$C_{0}(m,n)=\frac{(2\pi)^{-n}\sqrt{m!}}{\sqrt{l(\lambda,n)}}.$$
\end{lem}
{\bf Proof.} By Corollary3.3 of \cite{MN2},
\begin{eqnarray*}
\|f\|_{h} & = & \left\{ \sum_{|\alpha|=m}\frac{m!}{\alpha!}\|(D^{\alpha}f)^{\hat{}}\|^{2}_{L^{2}(\rho)}\right\} ^{1/2}\\
          & = & \left\{ \sum_{|\alpha|=m}\frac{m!}{\alpha!}\int |(D^{\alpha}f)^{\hat{}}(\xi)|^{2}\cdot \frac{1}{(2\pi)^{2n}|\xi|^{2m}\hat{h}(\xi)}d\xi \right\} ^{1/2}\\
          & = & (2\pi)^{-n}\left\{ \sum_{|\alpha|=m}\frac{m!}{\alpha!}\int \frac{\xi^{2\alpha}|\hat{f}(\xi)|^{2}}{|\xi|^{2m}l(\lambda,n)|\xi|^{-\lambda-n}\tilde{{\cal K}}_{\frac{n+\lambda}{2}}(c|\xi|)}d\xi\right\} ^{1/2}\\
          & \leq & \frac{(2\pi)^{-n}\sqrt{m!}}{\sqrt{l(\lambda,n)}}\cdot \left\{\int\frac{|\hat{f}(\xi)|^{2}}{|\xi|^{-\lambda-n}\tilde{{\cal K}}_{\frac{n+\lambda}{2}}(c|\xi|)}d\xi\right\}^{1/2}\\
          & = & \frac{(2\pi)^{-n}\sqrt{m!}}{\sqrt{l(\lambda,n)}}\cdot \left\{\int\frac{|\hat{f}(\xi)|^{2}}{|\xi|^{-\lambda-n}(c|\xi|)^{\frac{n+\lambda}{2}}{\cal K}_{\frac{n+\lambda}{2}}(c|\xi|)}d\xi\right\}^{1/2}\\
          & \leq & C_{0}(m,n)c^{\frac{-n-\lambda}{4}}\left\{ \int |\hat{f}(\xi)|^{2}|\xi|^{\frac{n+\lambda}{2}}\cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{2}}\cdot \frac{e^{-c|\xi|}}{\sqrt{c|\xi|}}}d\xi\right\}^{1/2}\ \mbox{by}\ \cite{We}\ \mbox{where} \\
          &   & C_{0}(m,n):=\frac{(2\pi)^{-n}\sqrt{m!}}{\sqrt{l(\lambda,n)}}\\
          & = & C_{0}(m,n)\left(\frac{2}{\pi}\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}c^{\frac{1-n-\lambda}{4}}\left\{ \int |\hat{f}(\xi)|^{2}|\xi|^{\frac{1+n+\lambda}{2}}e^{c|\xi|}d\xi\right\}^{1/2}.
\end{eqnarray*}
If $f\in B_{\sigma}$, then
$$\|f\|_{h}\leq C_{0}(m,n)\left(\frac{2}{\pi}\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}\sigma^{\frac{1+n+\lambda}{4}}c^{\frac{1-n-\lambda}{4}}e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}\|f\|_{L^{2}}.$$
\hspace{15cm} $\sharp$
\begin{cor}
Let $\sigma>0$. If $f\in B_{\sigma}$, then (5) can be transformed into
\begin{equation}
|f(x)-s(x)|\leq \sqrt{m!}(2\pi)^{-n}\sqrt{2n\alpha_{n}}\sigma^{\frac{1+n+\lambda}{4}}\sqrt{\Delta_{0}}c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}\omega^{\frac{1}{d}}\|f\|_{L^{2}}.
\end{equation}
\end{cor}
{\bf Proof.} $B_{\sigma}\subseteq {\cal C}_{h,m}$ is a simple result of Corollary3.3 of \cite{MN2}. Now (7) is just a combination of (5) and (6). \hspace{14.2cm} $\sharp$\\
\\
On the right-hand side of (7), the only things dependent of $c$ are $c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}},\ e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}$ and $\omega^{\frac{1}{d}}$, where $d$ denotes fill distance. It seems that one can abstract a function of $c$ from the long expression of (7) after every thing independent of $c$ is fixed, including $d$.

However as $c$ changes, the upper bound $d_{0}$ of $d$ changes also. As required by Theorem2.1, $d\leq d_{0}$ where
$$d_{0}=\frac{1}{6C\gamma_{n}(m+1)}.$$
The number $C\rightarrow \infty$, and hence $d_{0}\rightarrow 0$, as $c\rightarrow 0^{+}$. In order to keep $d\leq d_{0}$, the minimal possible choice of $c$ is
\begin{equation}
c_{0}:=12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}(m+1)d
\end{equation}
where $d$ is fixed. Therefore, we can choose $c$ from the interval $[c_{0}, \infty)$ only.

There is a logical problem about $d,\ d_{0},\ c$ and $b_{0}$. Before $c$ and $b_{0}$ are given, $d_{0}$ is unknown and we do not know whether $d$ is eligible. This question is not difficult to resolve. For any $b_{0}>0$, we require $d<\frac{1}{6C\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ where we let $C=\frac{2}{3b_{0}}$ temporarily. Then $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$. Note that $2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}=\frac{2}{3b_{0}}$ iff $c=3b_{0}\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$. With the same $b_{0}$ and $c\geq 3b_{0}\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$, we have
$$C=\max \left\{ 2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}},\ \frac{2}{3b_{0}}\right\} =\frac{2}{3b_{0}}$$
and $$d_{0}=\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}.$$
Then $d<d_{0}$ is satisfied.

With the same $b_{0}$ and $c<3b_{0}\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$, we have
$$C=\max \left\{ 2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}},\ \frac{2}{3b_{0}}\right\} =2\rho' \sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$$
and
$$d_{0}=\frac{1}{6C\gamma_{n}(m+1)}=\frac{c}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}(m+1)}.$$
In order to keep $d<d_{0}$, we require
$$c\geq c_{0}:=12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}(m+1)d$$
where $d$ was given above satisfying $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$. Therefore, once the cube side $b_{0}$ is given, we first choose $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$. Then put the restriction $c\in [c_{0}, \infty)$ where $c_{0}=12\rho \sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}(m+1)d$. The condition $d<d_{0}$ will always be satisfied.

Theoretically $d$, and hence $c_{0}$, can be arbitrarily small. However practically the problem of ill-conditioning when constructing $s(x)$ has to be considered. In this paper we explore theoretically the optimal choice of $c$ for $c_{0}\leq c<\infty$.
\section{Criteria of Choosing $c$}
In the long expression of (7) the only things dependent of $c$ are $c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}},\ e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}$ and $\omega^{\frac{1}{d}}$. Let's define
\begin{equation}
MN(c):=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}\cdot e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}\cdot \omega^{\frac{1}{d}}
\end{equation}
and call it an MN function. The optimal choice of $c$ will then be the number minimizing $MN(c)$, when every thing independent of $c$ is fixed.

The value of $\omega$ highly depends on the cube side $b_{0}$. Theoretically, $\omega\rightarrow 0$ and is very influential as $c\rightarrow \infty$ and $b_{0}\rightarrow \infty$ simultaneously. However, a lot of time $b_{0}$ is fixed and cannot approach $\infty$. Therefore we divide our criteria into two classes.
\subsection{$b_{0}$ fixed}
Recall that $C=\max \{ 2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}},\ \frac{2}{3b_{0}}\}$ and $\rho'=\frac{\rho}{c}$. The two values $2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$ and $\frac{2}{3b_{0}}$ are equal if and only if
\begin{equation}
c=3b_{0}\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}=:c_{1}
\end{equation}
Then, for $c\in [c_{0}, c_{1}),\ C=2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$. For $c\in [c_{1}, \infty),\ C=\frac{2}{3b_{0}}$. So we have
\begin{eqnarray*}
\omega^{\frac{1}{d}} & = & \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{\frac{1}{6C\gamma_{n}d}}\\
                     & = & \left\{ \begin{array}{ll}
                                     \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{\frac{c}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}d}} & \mbox{if $c\in [c_{0},c_{1})$,}\\
                                     \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}d}} & \mbox{if $c\in [c_{1}, \infty)$}
                                   \end{array} \right. \\
                     & = & \left\{ \begin{array}{ll}
                                     e^{\frac{c\cdot ln\frac{2}{3}}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}d}} & \mbox{\ \ \ if $c\in [c_{0}, c_{1})$,}\\
                                     e^{\frac{b_{0}ln\frac{2}{3}}{4\gamma_{n}d}} & \mbox{\ \ \  if $c\in [c_{1},\infty).$}
                                   \end{array} \right.
\end{eqnarray*}
Putting this result into $MN(c)$, we thus have
\begin{equation}
  MN(c)=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll}
                  c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}\cdot e^{c\left(\frac{\sigma}{2}+\frac{ln\frac{2}{3}}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}d}\right)} & \mbox{if $c\in [c_{0},c_{1}),$}\\
                  c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}\cdot e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}\cdot e^{\frac{b_{0}ln\frac{2}{3}}{4\gamma_{n}d}} & \mbox{if $c\in [c_{1},\infty)$}                 \end{array}\right.
\end{equation}
which is a continuous function. Our goal is to find $c$ which minimizes $MN(c)$.

As for the fill distance $d$, we require $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ once the cube side $b_{0}$ is given, as mentioned in the end of section2.

We have the following cases where $n,\ \lambda,\ m,\ \sigma,\ \gamma_{n},\ \rho$ and $d$ were defined in (1), Definition1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and Theorem 2.1. Moreover we introduce a constant
$$k:=\frac{\sigma}{2}+\frac{ln\frac{2}{3}}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}d}.$$\\
\\
{\bf Case1.} \fbox{$1-n+\lambda>0$} and \fbox{$k\geq 0$}
Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, $b_{0}>0$ be the cube side as in Theorem2.1, and $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ be the fill distance. If $1-n+\lambda>0$ and $k\geq 0$, the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0}, \infty)$ is \fbox{$c=12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}(m+1)d$}.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: In this case $MN(c)$ is an increasing function in its domain $[c_{0},\infty)$. We therefore choose $c=c_{0}$, defined in (8), which minimizes $MN(c)$ in (11) and the error bound in (7).\\
\\
{\bf Case2.} \fbox{$1-n+\lambda>0$} and \fbox{$k<0$} Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, $b_{0}>0$ be the cube side as in Theorem2.1, and $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ be the fill distance. If $1-n+\lambda>0$ and $k<0$, the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ is the value minimizing $MN(c)$ over the interval $[c_{0},c_{1}]$ where $c_{1}$ was defined in (10).\\
\\
{\bf Reason.} In this case $MN(c)$ is increasing on $[c_{1},\infty)$. Therefore the minimum value of $MN(c)$ in $[c_{0},\infty)$ must happen in $[c_{0},c_{1}]$.\\
\\
{\bf Remark}:(a)This case rarely happens because $k$ is usually positive. (b)In fact, the optimal $c$ in Case2 can be obtained exactly. Let $g(c):=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{ck}$ which is just $MN(c)$ on $[c_{0},c_{1}]$. Then $g(c)$ is increasing on $(0,\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}]$ and decreasing on $[\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k},\infty)$. So the optimal $c$ is (i)$c_{0}$ if $c_{1}\leq \frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$, (ii)$c_{1}$ if $\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}\leq c_{0}$, and (iii)$c_{1}$ if $g(c_{1})\leq g(c_{0})$, and $c_{0}$ if $g(c_{0})\leq g(c_{1})$, for $c_{0}<\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}<c_{1}$.\\
\\
{\bf Case3.} \fbox{$1-n+\lambda<0$} and \fbox{$k=0$} \   Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, $b_{0}>0$ be the cube side as in Theorem2.1, and $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ be the fill distance. If $1-n+\lambda<0$ and $k=0$, the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ is the value minimizing $c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}$ on the interval $[c_{1}, \infty)$.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: In this case $MN(c)$ is decreasing on $[c_{0},c_{1})$. Therefore the minimum value of $MN(c)$ happens on the interval $[c_{1},\infty)$ where the essential part of $MN(c)$ is $c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}$.\\
\\
{\bf Remark}:(a)Although $k$ rarely equals zero, we can make it zero by choosing $\sigma$ in an appropriate way. It will make things easier for the optimal choice of $c$. (b)If $1-n+\lambda<0$, it can be shown that $g(c):=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}$ is decreasing on $(0, \frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}]$ and increasing on $[\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma},\infty)$, with $g'(\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma})=0$. Therefore the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ in Case3 is in fact \fbox{$\max\left\{ \frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma},c_{1}\right\}$}.\\
\\
{\bf Case4}. \fbox{$1-n+\lambda<0$} and \fbox{$k>0$}\ Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, $b_{0}>0$ be the cube side as in Theorem2.1, and $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ be the fill distance. Let $g_{1}(c):=MN(c)|_{c\in[c_{0},c_{1})}$ and $g_{2}(c):=MN(c)|_{c\in [c_{1},\infty)}$. If $1-n+\lambda<0$ and $k>0$, then
\begin{list}
  {(\roman{milk})}{\usecounter{milk} \setlength{ \rightmargin}{\leftmargin}}
  \item $g_{1}'(\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k})=0,\ g_{1}'(c)<0$ for $c\in (0,\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k})$, and $g_{1}'(c)>0$ for $c\in (\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k},\infty)$, and
  \item $g_{2}'(\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma})=0,\ g_{2}'(c)<0$ for $c\in(0,\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma})$, and $g_{2}'(c)>0$ for $c\in (\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma},\infty)$.
\end{list}
In this case the minimum value of $g_{1}(c)$ on $[c_{0},c_{1})$ happens at (a)$c=c_{0}$ if $\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}\leq c_{0}$, (b)$c=\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$ if $c_{0}<\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}<c_{1}$, and (c)$c=c_{1}$ if $c_{1}\leq \frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$. Also, the minimum value of $g_{2}(c)$ on $[c_{1},\infty)$ happens at (a)$c=c_{1}$ if $\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}<c_{1}$, and (b)$c=\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}$ if $c_{1}\leq \frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}$.

Let $c^{*}\in [c_{0},c_{1})$ minimize $g_{1}(c)$ and $c^{**}\in [c_{1},\infty)$ minimize $g_{2}(c)$. Then the optimal choice of $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ is (a)$c^{*}$ if $g_{1}(c^{*})\leq g_{2}(c^{**})$, and (b)$c^{**}$ if $g_{2}(c^{**})\leq g_{1}(c^{*})$.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: By direct differentiation, we get
$$g_{1}'(c)=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}-1}e^{ck}\left(\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}+ck\right)$$
and
$$g_{2}'(c)=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}-1}e^{\frac{c\sigma}{2}}e^{\frac{b_{0}ln\frac{2}{3}}{4\gamma_{n}d}}\left(\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}+\frac{c\sigma}{2}\right).$$
The seemingly complicated criterion is then just a simple result of the two derivatives. \hspace{2cm} $\sharp$\\
\\
{\bf Case5}. \fbox{$1-n+\lambda<0$} and \fbox{$k<0$} Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, $b_{0}>0$ be the cube side as in Theorem2.1, and $d<\frac{b_{0}}{4\gamma_{n}(m+1)}$ be the fill distance. If $1-n+\lambda<0$ and $k<0$, the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ is (a)$c=c_{1}$ if $\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}<c_{1}$, and (b)$c=\frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}$ if $c_{1}\leq \frac{-1+n-\lambda}{2\sigma}$.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: In this case $MN(c)$ is decreasing on $[c_{0},c_{1})$ and its minimum value happens at a number in $[c_{1},\infty)$ which minimizes $g_{2}$ of Case4. Our criterion thus follows immediately from Case4. \hspace{1.1cm} $\sharp$
\subsection{$b_{0}$ not fixed}
In Theorem2.1 one can easily find that if $b_{0}$ is not fixed and can be made arbitrarily large, $C$ will become arbitrarily small by letting $c\rightarrow \infty$. This will make $\omega \rightarrow 0$ and $d_{0}\rightarrow \infty$, a very beneficial situation. In fact some domain $\Omega$ does allow $b_{0}\rightarrow \infty$. For example $\Omega=R^{n}$ or
$$\Omega=\{ (x_{1},\cdots,x_{n})|\ x_{i}>0\ \mbox{for}\ i=1,2,\cdots,n\}.$$
This kind of domain is called {\bf dilation-invariant} by Madych in \cite{MN3}. For this kind of domain we have a different set of criteria of choosing $c$.

By increasing the cube side $b_{0}$, one can always keep $C=2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}$ in Theorem2.1. Thus
$$MN(c)=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{c\left(\frac{\sigma}{2}+\frac{ln\frac{2}{3}}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}\gamma_{n}d}\right)}$$
for all $c\in [c_{0}, \infty)$.

Note that we never decrease $b_{0}$ because it will make the error bound (7) worse.

As for the choice of $d$, there is no restriction. Once $d>0$ is given, $c_{0}$ will be fixed. For any $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$, the condition $d<d_{0}$ in Theorem2.1 will be satisfied. However the smaller $d$ is, the larger $[c_{0},\infty)$ is, making the criteria more meaningful.

Once $c$ is chosen, we let $b_{0}=\frac{c}{3\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}}$ such that $2\rho'\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}=\frac{2}{3b_{0}}$ in the definition of $C$. Further increasing $b_{0}$ is not to be expected because more data points will be involved to keep the fill distance $d$ fixed.

Note that by letting $k:=\frac{\sigma}{2}+\frac{ln\frac{2}{3}}{12\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}d}$, we have a more simple expression for $MN(c)$ as $$MN(c)=c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}}e^{ck}.$$

The way of choosing $c$ is then divided in the following cases.\\
\\
{\bf Case1.} \fbox{$1-n+\lambda>0$} and \fbox{$k\geq 0$} Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, and the domain $\Omega$ in Theorem2.1 be dilation-invariant. For any fill distance $d>0$, if $1-n+\lambda>0$ and $k\geq 0$, the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ is $c=c_{0}$.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: In this case $MN(c)$ is increasing on $[c_{0},\infty)$. \hspace{6.8cm} $\sharp$\\
\\
{\bf Case2}. \fbox{$1-n+\lambda>0$} and \fbox{$k<0$} Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, and the domain $\Omega$ in Theorem2.1 be dilation-invariant. For any fill distance $d>0$, if $1-n+\lambda>0$ and $k<0$, the larger $c$ is, the better it is.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: In this situation,
\begin{eqnarray*}
  MN'(c) & = & c^{\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}-1}e^{ck}\left(\frac{1-n+\lambda}{4}+kc\right)\\
         & = & 0
\end{eqnarray*}
iff
$$c=\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}.$$
The function $MN(c)$ is increasing and decreasing, respectively, depending on $c<\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$ or $c>\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$. Note that $MN(c_{0})$ is a finite value and $MN(c)\rightarrow 0$ as $c\rightarrow \infty$. Our criterion thus follows.$\sharp$\\
\\
{\bf Remark}:(a)Usually $k\geq 0$. Hence Case2 rarely happens. (b)If $c_{0}<\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$, $MN(c_{0})$ may be small enough to be accepted. If it happens, $c=c_{0}$ is also a good choice. \\
\\
{\bf Case3}. \fbox{$1-n+\lambda<0$} and \fbox{$k>0$} Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, and the domain $\Omega$ in Theorem2.1 be dilation-invariant. For any fill distance $d>0$, if $1-n+\lambda<0$ and $k>0$, the optimal choice of $c$ for $c\in [c_{0},\infty)$ is (a)$c=\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$ if $c_{0}\leq \frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$ and (b)$c=c_{0}$ if $c_{0}>\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}$. \\
\\
{\bf Reason}: By the structure of $MN'(c)$, one sees easily $MN(c)$ is decreasing on $(0,\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k}]$ and increasing on $[\frac{1-n+\lambda}{-4k},\infty)$. Our criterion thus follows immediately. \hspace{5cm} $\sharp$\\
\\
{\bf Case4}: \fbox{$1-n+\lambda<0$} and \fbox{$k\leq 0$} Let $f\in B_{\sigma}$ be the approximated function, and the domain $\Omega$ in Theorem2.1 be dilation-invariant. For any fill distance $d>0$, if $1-n+\lambda<0$ and $k\leq 0$, the larger $c$ is, the better it is.\\
\\
{\bf Reason}: In this case $MN(c)$ is decreasing on $(0,\infty)$. Moreover, $MN(c)\rightarrow 0$ as $c\rightarrow \infty$. \hspace{1.6cm} $\sharp$\\
\\
{\bf Remark}:(a)Case1-4 are all based on Theorem2.1. Although $c$ and $b_{0}$ appear before $d$ in Theorem2.1, in the four cases $d$ is given before $c$ and $b_{0}$ are chosen. Once $d$ is fixed, we chose $c$ according to the four criteria. After $c$ is chosen, we let $b_{0}=\frac{c}{3\rho\sqrt{n}e^{2n\gamma_{n}}}$.(b)In order to keep the fill distance $d$ fixed, more data points have to be added when the cube side $b_{0}$ increases. (c)Although in this paper we only explore $c$ over the interval $[c_{0},\infty)$, the curve of $MN(c)$ can be used as a conjecture for $c\in (0,c_{0}]$. It probably holds even if we cannot prove it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Recruitment for 2019 is now closed. Training for our 2020 programs will commence in August, 2019.
Our aim is to maintain program days and times as listed here. However, there are times when the day and time need to change. Should this happen, we will notify all mentors enrolled in the program as soon as Raise is advised.
Recruitment for 2019 is now closed. The programs listed below are likely to all run again in 2020. We encourage you to sign up for our training due to commence again in August.
Our aim is to maintain program days and times as listed here. However, there are times when the day and time is changed. Should this happen, we will notify all mentors enrolled in the program as soon as Raise is advised.


text:
Undocumented children in South Korea deprived of basic rights
by Kim Bo-gyung
SEOUL (The Kore Herald/ANN) - Pueong, 7, smaller than his peers, is an undocumented child living with his undocumented Vietnamese migrant parents in Gyeonggi Province.
"When I grow up I want to be a policeman and catch thieves. My favorite food is spaghetti and fruits like mandarin," said Pueong, who attends Asiachang Day Nursery in Gunpo, Gyeonggi Province.
At 36 months, Pueong was hospitalized twice for pneumonia caused by living in a mouldy semi-basement home. Uninsured, Pueong's hospital bill came to 3 million won ($2,670). With his parents unable to shoulder the financial burden, Pueong was not able to receive follow-up treatments and suffered from malnutrition, stunting his physical development.
Still, Pueong is one of the fortunate undocumented children receiving education and care at a nursery, as most are off the grid and denied basic children's rights to education, health care and protection from violence.
Some 20,000 undocumented children below the age of 18 live in South Korea, according to estimates from the Justice Ministry.
"The biggest problem is that we do not know where the (undocumented) kids are because they are not tracked," Jeanie Kim, a lawyer at Gamdong, immigrant support and public interest centre, told The Korea Herald.
"Of utmost priority is to allow birth registration for all children. The next step would be to legally ensure their basic rights to education, health, protection from domestic violence and detention, among others. While the concerned ministries -- the Justice Ministry, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Education Ministry, Ministry of Gender Equality and Family-- are busy passing on their responsibility to each other, children are left behind."
Kim added that unless South Korea implements universal birth registration, local authorities would not be able to prevent and resolve crimes involving undocumented children.
Civics groups here are calling on the South Korean government to adopt universal birth registration, as failing to do so would be in violation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
In joining the human rights treaty in 1991, South Korea agreed to entitle each child under the age of 18 to all rights within its jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind.
In the face of legal constraints and anti-immigration sentiment, however, undocumented children here are deprived of basic rights and kept in the dark from society.
Inconsistent use of the word "children" across different laws poses an obstacle for undocumented children's access to basic rights.
Article 3 of the Child Welfare Act states "an infant should be raised without any discrimination for his or her or the parent's gender, age, religion, social status, wealth, disabilities, place of birth, ethnicity among others."
Children eligible for various government support, however, are limited to those born to "citizens" by the Infant Care Act and the National Basic Living Security Act.
Though Article 19 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act allows undocumented children to receive elementary and middle school education, whether they can enrol is left to the principle's discretion.
"In case of child care centres, undocumented children are often refused because facilities have to do a lot of complicated paperwork, and the government does not provide subsidies to undocumented children," Kim said.
In terms of health care, the revised National Health Insurance Act that went into effect last month allows undocumented children to join South Korea's health insurance. But the monthly insurance fee nears 100,000 won ($89), above average.
Nascent moves
The National Assembly is treading gingerly in light of anti-immigration fervour fueled by the case of Yemeni refugees in Jeju last year.
In 2014, the Democratic Party of Korea proposed an amendment to the Child Welfare Act and Immigration Control Act that would postpone the deportation of either of the parents while a child receives compulsory education. It failed to pass.
The proposal faced harsher than expected public backlash, recalled an official who worked on the revision.
"We had anticipated that it would not be easy to get the amendment to pass, but not to the degree of receiving countless text messages and phone calls opposing it from supporters and fellow party members," said an official who spoke on condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of the issue.
"They claimed that protecting children's rights of undocumented children would bring in more illegal immigrants and questioned why their tax money should be spent on undocumented children."
To authorize birth registration of all children regardless of the parent's legal status -- similar to Italy, the UK, the US, France and Germany among other countries -- a revised Family Relation Registration Act was proposed by members of the ruling Democratic Party last year and remains pending at the National Assembly Judiciary Committee.
Experts have warned that continued neglect and alienation of undocumented children, while the number of foreigners continues to grow, may backfire.
"If our society discriminates against undocumented children -- vulnerable to crimes -- as outcasts and deprives them of the opportunity to education, there is a possibility they may become rebel forces," said an official at the Youth Hope Foundation.
In a more hopeful sign, the Cheongju District Court in May 2018 ruled in favour of Peber, 18, who was born and raised here undocumented, cancelling his deportation.
"From a human rights, humanitarian and economic perspective, a proactive approach should be taken for those, like the plaintiff, who were legally born in South Korea, but have lost their status of residence because their parents have lost their status of residence," the court said.
"Deporting a person like the plaintiff born and raised in South Korea goes against the spirit of the constitution of a civilized country to protect human dignity and guarantee rights to live."
Peber was granted a student visa by the Justice Ministry and is currently studying engineering.


text:
Tag: SOFR
Article: End of Libor stirs anger on Wall Street
End of Libor stirs anger on Wall Street
JOHN DIZARD , 24 April 2021
Ending the use of dollar Libor, the scandal-tinged benchmark bank funding rate, was always going to be problematic. Some Libor traders went to jail for collusion and self-enrichment. The Fed and its fellow regulators put together a public-private committee on Libor replacement big enough to swamp a ferry boat.
That hasn't entirely worked. The use of Libor as a base rate for funding costs is bigger than ever — around $225tn of derivatives, consumer loans, corporate loans and cash investments. Nevertheless, the use of Libor is supposed to end, mostly, on December 31 for some Libor rates and by mid-2023 for those remaining.
The process of finding practical ways to replace it have led to increasingly audible shouting and blame trading between the major dealing banks and the Fed, along with the central bank's entourage of agencies, academics, policy wonks and whisperers. Continue reading "Article: End of Libor stirs anger on Wall Street"
Article: Libor-Replacement Competitor Gains Strength From New Offerings
Libor-Replacement Competitor Gains Strength From New Offerings
Julia-Ambra Verlaine, 19 April 2021
Financial industry pioneer Richard Sandor is ramping up his efforts to compete in the race to replace the London interbank offered rate, which helps set borrowing costs on everything from mortgages to business loans.
Mr. Sandor—who helped create interest-rate futures in the 1970s and launched his own replacement for the scandal-marred short-term interest-rate benchmark in 2019—is expanding offerings to include one-month and three-month borrowing rates. Ameribor is set on the American Financial Exchange, which was founded by Mr. Sandor and is where banks lend to each other through mutual lines of credit. Some small and medium-size lenders favor Ameribor because it changes with their funding costs. Continue reading "Article: Libor-Replacement Competitor Gains Strength From New Offerings"
Article: Losing LIBOR in the Capital Markets — A Reprieve?
Losing LIBOR in the Capital Markets — A Reprieve?
Dawn Holicky Pruitt, 10 March 2021
As reported in our previous alert "Losing LIBOR in the Capital Markets — Are You Ready?," the anticipated date for discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) is approaching. While LIBOR is a widely used benchmark rate for U.S. dollar-denominated floating-rate debt securities and other financial products, LIBOR was the subject of widespread market manipulation and ineffective regulation. In 2017, the Chief Executive of the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) announced its intention to stop persuading or compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR to its administrator after 2021. This announcement strengthened the objective of the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (ARRC), a committee convened by U.S. regulators to identify LIBOR alternatives in the U.S. market.
While market participants were warned that LIBOR may cease to exist after 2021, the ICE Benchmark Administration Limited (IBA), as the administrator of LIBOR, recently announced the results of a November 2020 consultation regarding the upcoming discontinuation. Although certain lesser-utilized U.S. dollar-denominated LIBOR tenors will cease to be published after December 31, 2021, the IBA announced it will continue publishing widely used tenors (such as one-month LIBOR and three-month LIBOR) until June 30, 2023. The FCA's support for the extension provides confidence regarding the ongoing representativeness of the continuing U.S. dollar-denominated LIBOR tenors until June 30, 2023.
The extension of widely used U.S. dollar-denominated LIBOR tenors provides issuers of LIBOR-linked debt securities with additional time to prepare for LIBOR discontinuance. In particular, the extension may, in many cases, allow for a natural end to LIBOR-linked debt securities through maturation or the exercise by issuers of redemption rights.


text:
"Thomas Merton (1915-1968) is arguably the most influential American Catholic author of the twentieth century. His autobiography, The Seven Storey Mountain, has sold over one million copies and has been translated into over fifteen languages. He wrote over sixty other books and hundreds of poems and articles on topics ranging from monastic spirituality to civil rights, nonviolence, and the nuclear arms race.
His Life
Posthumous Publications:
(Quoted from the website www.merton.org)
"Thomas Merton was born in Prades, France. His New Zealand-born father, Owen Merton, and his American-born mother, Ruth Jenkins, were both artists. They had met at painting school in Paris, were married at St. Anne's Church, Soho, London and returned to the France where Thomas Merton was born on January 31st, 1915.
After a rambunctious youth and adolescence, Merton converted to Roman Catholicism whilst at Columbia University and on December 10th, 1941 he entered the Abbey of Gethsemani, a community of monks belonging to the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (Trappists), the most ascetic Roman Catholic monastic order.
The twenty-seven years he spent in Gethsemani brought about profound changes in his self-understanding. This ongoing conversion impelled him into the political arena, where he became, according to Daniel Berrigan, the conscience of the peace movement of the 1960's. Referring to race and peace as the two most urgent issues of our time, Merton was a strong supporter of the nonviolent civil rights movement, which he called "certainly the greatest example of Christian faith in action in the social history of the United States." For his social activism Merton endured severe criticism, from Catholics and non-Catholics alike, who assailed his political writings as unbecoming of a monk.
During his last years, he became deeply interested in Asian religions, particularly Zen Buddhism, and in promoting East-West dialogue. After several meetings with Merton during the American monk's trip to the Far East in 1968, the Dalai Lama praised him as having a more profound understanding of Buddhism than any other Christian he had known. It was during this trip to a conference on East-West monastic dialogue that Merton died, in Bangkok on December 10, 1968, the victim of an accidental electrocution. The date marked the twenty-seventh anniversary of his entrance to Gethsemani."
1915 – January 31-born at Prades, France, son of Owen Merton (artist from New Zealand) and of Ruth Jenkins (artist from USA)
1916 – moved to USA, lived at Douglaston, L.I. (with his mother's family)
1921 – his mother dies-from cancer
1922 – in Bermuda with his father who went there to paint
1925 – to France with his father, lived at St. Antonin
1926 – entered Lycée Ingres, Montauban, France
1928 – to England-Ripley Court school, then to Oakham (1929)
1931 – his father dies of a brain tumor
1932 – at Oakham School he acquired a scholarship to Clare College, Cambridge
1933 – visited Italy, spent summer in USA, entered Cambridge in the fall – study of modern languages (French and Italian)
1934 – left Cambridge and returned to USA
1935 – entered Columbia University
1937 – at Columbia – editor of the 1937 Yearbook and art editor of the Columbia Jester
1938 – graduated from Columbia, began work on M.A.
1938 – November 16 – received into the Catholic Church at Corpus Christi Church
1940 – 1941 – taught English at St. Bonaventure College
1941 – December 10-entered the Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani, Trappist, Kentucky.
[Note: January 31, 1915 to December 10, 1941— nearly 27 years before entering monastery. Dies on December 10, 1968— the 27th anniversary of his entering Gethsemani.]
1944 – March 19 – made simple vows, published Thirty Poems
1946 – A Man in the Divided Sea
1947 – March 19 – solemn vows, published Exile Ends in Glory
1948 – Publication of best-seller autobiography, The Seven Storey Mountain and What Are These Wounds?
1949 – May 26 – ordained priest; Seeds of Contemplation; The Tears of the Blind Lions; The Waters of Siloe
1951 – 1955 – Master of Scholastics (students for priesthood)
1951 – The Ascent to Truth
1953 – The Sign of Jonas; Bread in the Wilderness
1954 – The Last of the Fathers
1955 – No Man Is an Island
1955 – 1965 – Master of Novices
1956 – The Living Bread
1957 – The Silent Life; The Strange Islands
1958 – Thoughts in Solitude
1959 – The Secular Journal of Thomas Merton; Selected Poems
1960 – Disputed Questions; The Wisdom of the Desert
1961 – The New Man; The Behavior of Titans
1961 – Emblems of a Season of Fury; Life and Holiness;
1964 – Seeds of Destruction
1965 – Gandhi on Non-Violence; The Way of Chuang Tzu; Seasons of Celebration
1965 – 1968 – lived as a hermit on the grounds of the monastery
1966 – Raids on the Unspeakable; Conjectures of a Guilty Bystander
1967 – Mystics and Zen Masters
1968 – Monks Pond; Cables to the Ace; Faith and Violence; Zen and the Birds of Appetite
1968 – December 10-died at Bangkok, Thailand, where he had spoken at a meeting of Asian Benedictines and Cistercians.
1969 – My Argument with the Gestapo; Contemplative Prayer; The Geography of Lograire
1971 – Contemplation in a World of Action
1973 – The Asian Journal of Thomas Merton; He Is Risen
1976 – Ishi Means Man
1977 – The Monastic Journey; The Collected Poems of Thomas Merton
1979 – Love and Living
1980 – The Non-Violent Alternative
1981 – The Literary Essays of Thomas Merton; Day of a Stranger Introductions East and West: The Foreign Prefaces of Thomas Merton (reprinted in 1989 under title "Honorable Reader" Reflections on My Work)
1982 – Woods, Shore and Desert: A Notebook, May 1968
1985 – The Hidden Ground of Love: Letters on Religious Experience and Social Concerns (Letters, 1)
1988 – A Vow of Conversation: Journals 1964-1965; Thomas Merton in Alaska: The Alaskan Conferences, Journals and Letters
1989 – The Road to Joy: Letter to New and Old Friends (Letters, II)
1990 – The School of Charity: Letters on Religious Renewal and Spiritual Direction (Letters, III)
1993 – The Courage for Truth: Letters to Writers (Letters, IV)
1994 – Witness to Freedom: Letters in Times of Crisis (Letters, V)
1995 – Run to the Mountain: The Story of a Vocation (Journals, I: 1939-1941)
1996 – Entering the Silence: Becoming a Monk and Writer (Journals, II: 1941-1952); A Search for Solitude: Pursuing the Monk's True Life (Journals, III: 1952-1960); Turning Toward the World: The Pivotal Years (Journals, IV: 1960-1963)
1997 -Dancing in the Water of Life: Seeking Peace in the Hermitage (Journals, V: 1963- 1965); Learning to Love: Exploring Solitude and Freedom (Journals VI: 1966-1967)
1998 -The Other Side of the Mountain: The End of the Journey (Journals VII: 1967-1968)
1999 -The Intimate Merton: His Life from His Journals
2001 – Dialogues with Silence.
2003 – The Inner Experience. Seeking Paradise: The Spirit of the Shakers.
2004 – Peace in a Post-Christian Era.
2005 – In the Dark Before Dawn: New Selected Poems of Thomas Merton. Cassian and the Fathers.
2006 – The Cold War Letters. Pre-Benedictine Monasticism.
2008 – Introduction to Christian Mysticism. A Life in Letters: The Essential Collection.
2009 – The Rule of St. Benedict. Compassionate Fire: The Letters of Thomas Merton and Catherine De Hueck Doherty.
2010 – Monastic Observances.
2012 – The Life of the Vows.
"If technology really represented the rule of reason, there would be much less to regret about our present situation. Actually, technology represents the rule of quantity, not the rule of reason (quality=value=relation of means to authentic human ends). It is by means of technology that man the person, the subject of qualified and perfectible freedom, becomes quantified, that is, becomes part of a mass–mass man–whose only function is to enter anonymously into the process of production and consumption. He becomes on one side an implement, a 'hand,' or better, a 'biophysical link' between machines: on the other side he is a mouth, a digestive system, and an anus, something through which pass the products of his technological world, leaving a transient and meaningless sense of enjoyment. The effect of a totally emancipated technology is the regression of man to a climate of moral infancy, in total dependence not on 'mother nature' (such a dependence would be partly tolerable and human) but on the pseudonature of technology, which has replaced nature by a closed system of mechanisms with no purpose but that of keeping themselves going.
If technology remained in the service of what is higher than itself–reason, man, God–it might indeed fulfill some of the functions that are now mythically attributed to it. But becoming autonomous, existing only for itself, it imposes upon man its own irrational demands, and threatens to destroy him. Let us hope it is not too late for man to regain control."
(From Conjectures of a Guilty Bystander)
The Thomas Merton Center at Bellarmine University
The Merton Institute for Contemplative Living
Thomas Merton on Wikipedia
Merton: Life, Death, and Zen.
Meister Eckhart – Self-Communication of God
Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679)
Al-Hallaj
Thomas Szasz: The Myth of Mental Illness. 1960
Join the conversation!	1 Comment
What is Zen? – Philosophical Explorations
[…] tag="mainacademicsite-20″]Mystics and Zen Masters[/easyazon_link], written 1961, Thomas Merton describes the nature and essence of Zen, mostly in the first chapter. He also examines various […]
Quotes from this Website
Receive notifications:
Art Periods (2)
Theories of Art (7)
German Texts (47)
English Literature (28)
German Literature (47)
Mathematicians (4)
Number Theory (10)
Philosophers (55)
Philosophical Topics and Areas (92)
Dialectics (19)
Epistemology (4)
Phenomenology (6)
Philosophy of Nature (11)
Pragmatism (5)
Philosophy by Period and Culture (181)
17th and 18th Century Philosophy (22)
19th Century Philosophy (28)
21st Century Philosophy (2)
Ancient Philosophy (25)
Asian Philosophy (9)
Continental Philosophy (53)
Medieval Philosophy (11)
Economy & Geography (16)
Existentialism (22)
Mysticism (15)
Nature Environment Ecology (19)
Political Theory (93)
Psychoanalysis (33)
Information Theory (3)
Particle Physics (4)
Religious Texts (11)
Theologians (10)
Theological Problems (8)
Heidegger made simple.
Philosophy Timeline
What is characteristic about Human Rights?
Early Modern Philosophy (16th - 18th Century Europe)
Levinas and "the face of the other"
Erik Erikson
What are Philosophical Problems?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau and his Philosophy
The Rivers of Europe
17th and 18th Century Philosophy 19th Century Philosophy 20th Century Philosophy 21st Century Philosophy Aesthetics Ancient Philosophy Anthropology Art Artists Art Periods Asian Philosophy Biology Buddhism Christianity Continental Philosophy Cosmology Dialectics Economics Economy & Geography English Literature Epistemology Ethics Existentialism German Literature German Texts History Images Information Theory International Islam Literature Logic Mathematicians Mathematics Medieval Philosophy Metaphysics Miscellaneous Mysticism Nature Environment Ecology Number Theory Overview Particle Physics Phenomenology Philosophers Philosophical Topics and Areas Philosophy Philosophy by Period and Culture Philosophy of Language Philosophy of Nature Philosophy of Science Physicists Physics Poetry Political Theory Postmodernism Pragmatism Projects Psychoanalysis Psychology Quantum Mechanics Religious Texts Sciences Social Sciences Sociology Theologians Theological Problems Theology Theories of Art Videos


text:
ROCKETS ARE NO-HIT IN FINAL BASEBALL GAME OF THE SEASON
Dalton McPherson is nipped on a close play at first.
Two Auburn pitchers combined to throw a no-hitter and eliminate Craig County in the first round of the Conference 45 baseball tournament last week.
Keith Reed and Jeremy Thomas combined for a 10-0 win for the Eagles, who would go on to win the conference tournament, including a 10-0 win over Covington in the championship game.
"They threw their ace against us and we struggled," said Craig coach Brady Price. "The most pitches they threw in an inning was 15."
Dakota Henderson took the loss for the Rockets, but brighter days are ahead. Henderson, a freshman, was named second team All-Pioneer District as a pitcher, one of two Rockets honored. Sophomore Devin Hutchison was honorable mention at shortstop.
Craig finished the season at 2-13 with a very young team. The Rockets had just one senior, Chad Ryan, and one junior Jesse Brizendine. The rest of the team was comprised of sophomores and freshmen and they made huge strides as the season progressed.
"We showed we could play with some good teams," said Price. "The future is bright going forward if they continue to put in the work and the time."
Brandon Swingle makes the tag at second.
Dakota Henderson, who would make second team All-Pioneer District, pitches in last week's conference tournament.
Devin Hutchison, an honorable mention All-Pioneer shortstop, waits on the throw.
Graduating Seniors 'walking the parking lot'
Craig County native completes military training


As spring turns to summer and the temperature starts to rise, it can be uncomfortable working indoors. Now is a good time to spring clean your office or workspace and get it prepared for the warmer weather. You really don't want to be rooting through endless paperwork to find vital statistics when you're close to a meltdown!
Here are some simple steps you can take which will make you more organised and a little healthier too!
1. Clear out old paperwork and shred confidential documents.
But don't forget that some documents need to be kept for tax purposes. HMRC says that records must be kept for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year and they may also check your records to make sure you are paying the right amount of tax. I like to keep a hard copy print out of my records to be on the safe side.
2. Invest in some new files.
Even though many documents can be stored on your Google drive or in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets on your desktop, you may still need to keep hard copy documentation of items such as invoices and statements (see 1. above!).
You may as well have pretty files that you enjoy using – or at least ones strong enough to withstand regular use.
Believe it or not, there are actually house plants it is almost impossible to kill. I have to confess my track record isn't exactly impressive but you can improve your indoor air quality with them.
Plants absorb some of the particulates from the air at the same time that they take in carbon dioxide which is then turned into oxygen through photosynthesis.
You could try Spider Plants, Weeping Fig or Peace Lilies to name a few.
If your tastes are more esoteric, you could try a Himalayan Salt lamp which will also cleanse and deodorize the air.
And of course, a decent desk fan will work wonders in the heat.
Not only will decent blinds help keep you cool, but removing the glare of sunlight from your workstation will stop you squinting at the screen and getting a headache.
Giving your windows a thorough clean both inside and out will help too.
In addition, you can get an anti-glare screen for your computer which will help make reading easier.
Make sure you have a good supply of fresh water to hand and if you are fuelled by coffee perhaps invest in a one cup coffee maker. Try to incorporate water-rich foods into your snacks and lunches – salad, fruits and vegetables.
Thoroughly disinfect your keyboard and your phones which can harbour more germs and bacteria than the average toilet seat!
If you are a visual person, why not include a noticeboard for planning or a whiteboard for scribbling down your flashes of inspiration.
Some like to have their vision board in front of them – a wishlist of their hopes, dreams, ambitions and goals. The theory is that by having these things in front of you, you are more likely to manifest them in real life.
Make sure you have an adequate sized bin. We have 2, the second being for recyclable material (all the Amazon packaging!) and don't forget you can recycle the shredded paper from your shredder too (great as bedding for mice and hamsters!).
Gradually the aim should be to move to a completely paperless office but most of us aren't quite there yet.
You could also think about wrist and ankle supports if you are going to be spending a lot of time typing to avoid conditions such as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI).
Most importantly, make sure you get regular screen breaks to rest your eyes and get up and walk about every 45 minutes or so.
My physio says he would not dream of sitting down for longer than this at a stretch if he could possibly help it.
Many doctors consider sitting to be the new smoking and recently leading doctor Sir Muir Gray caused controversy by claiming that Type 2 Diabetes is caused simply by lack of exercise.
It's also worth carrying a mini-kit of essentials with you to help stay cool and fresh throughout the day.
Make sure your workspace meets your needs and is a pleasant place to work. After all, you will be spending the bulk of your time there and, for most of us, far longer than we spend with our families unless you are lucky enough to work from home.
Some employers frown upon personal items such as family photos so you may have to restrict your self expression to funky stationery and a cactus that reminds you of your boss!
"Lessons I Learned From Hiring A Removal Company"
"A Guide to Preparing Your Home for a Surprise New Pet"


Do you have an occasion your little dude needs to look dapper for? Look no further than our range of baby boy suits. Has he been chosen to play an important part in someone's wedding? Or simply has a fancy affair to attend? Finding him a cute suit couldn't be easier with our full sets. If you're looking for smart separates like jackets, vests or pants, we have those too. Check out our full collection of baby boy suits here.


text:
Loudest Love – trzeci album EP grupy Soundgarden wydany w październiku 1990, pod patronatem wytwórni A&M Records.

Opis płyty
Tracklista zawiera w sobie 3 utwory z albumu Louder Than Love, jednak zostały dodane dodatkowe utwory: cover "Come Together" zespołu The Beatles, "Heretic", piosenka, która znalazła się na kompilacji Deep Six w 1985 roku (jednak została nagrana ponownie, z Mattem Cameronem na perkusji), "Fresh deadly Roses", odrzut z Louder Than Love, oraz dubową wersje utworu "Big Dumb Sex". EP po raz pierwszy pojawiło się w Japonii, a dopiero później w Stanach Zjednoczonych.

Lista utworów
 "Loud Love" (tekst&muzyka: Chris Cornell) - 4:57 z albumu Louder Than Love
 "Hands All Over" (tekst: Cornell, muzyka: Kim Thayil) - 6:00 z albumu Louder Than Love
 "Get On The Snake" (tekst: Cornell, muzyka: Thayil) - 3:44 z albumu Louder Than Love
 "Heretic" (tekst: Hiro Yamamoto, muzyka: Thayil) - 3:48 oryginalna wersja pochodzi z kompilacji Deep Six. Jednak, utwór został ponownie nagrany z Mattem Cameronem na perkusji i umieszczony na singlu Hands All Over
 "Come Together" (The Beatles) - 5:52cover The Beatles, umieszczony na singli Hands All Over
 "Fresh Deadly Roses" (tekst&muzyka: Cornell) - 4:53 z singla Loud Love
 "Big Dumb Sex" (Dub Version) (tekst&muzyka: Cornell) - 6:06 z singla Loud Love

Twórcy
 Soundgarden
 Matt Cameron – perkusja
 Chris Cornell – wokal, gitara
 Jason Everman – gitara basowa w utworze Come Together
 Kim Thayil – gitara
 Hiro Yamamoto – gitara basowa

 Produkcja
 Terry Date, Jack Endino, Soundgarden – produkcja, inżynieria dźwięku

Linki zewnętrzne
 Okładka

Albumy muzyczne wydane w roku 1990
Albumy Soundgarden
Albumy wyprodukowane przez Terry'ego Date'a
Albumy A&M Records

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Supported by a foundation of 21 years of experience in the museum, retail art and professional art research industry, Lisa Garcia opened LJG Art Appraisal/Research Services LLC in 2010. Garcia is a certified appraiser of personal property (CAPP) with certified membership in the International Society of Appraisers (ISA) and the North Texas chapter of the International Society of Appraisers (NTISA.) She is qualified to perform personal property appraisals and specializes in early, mid-century and contemporary American art, namely of Texas and the West.
Though a native of El Paso, Garcia received her bachelor's degree in art history from Trinity University. Prior to returning to San Antonio, she spent 2 years working as a curatorial assistant at the El Paso Museum of Art. She received her master's degree in art history, theory and criticism from the University of Texas at San Antonio, with a concentration in contemporary American and Latin American art.
Garcia spent 5 years with Carrington Gallery in San Antonio, where she assisted clients with research and procurement of fine art from local, national and international galleries and auction houses and coordinated exhibitions of various artists. The focus at Carrington Gallery was on the artworks of contemporary American and Latin American artists and also highlighted local and regional artists. She also managed the research, implementation, and budgets for the San Antonio Spurs' art collections at the AT&T Center, from the construction phase to the post-construction phase, and at the Spurs practice facility. In addition to direct art purchasing, this project included site-specific commissions and long and short-term loans from local and national collections. In the Spring of 2015 Garcia and Alice Carrington Foultz were engaged to help build the art collection with additional site-specific commissions and new art additions during the renovation of the AT&T Center, as well as reinstall the entire collection for a fresh, new look when the building re-opened on October 18, 2015.
During that same time Garcia began her work with Harry Halff Fine Art, where she primarily worked on research and cataloguing for the Julian Onderdonk catalogue raisonné. At HHFA she also researched various other early Texas artists, including Robert Onderdonk, Jose Arpa, and Mary Bonner, among others. Her research included accessing primary and secondary sources in archives housed in the Smithsonian Archives of American Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Frick Museum, the New York Public Library, and the New York and Staten Island Historical Societies. She worked for 15 years with HHFA and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, to bring the Onderdonk catalogue raisonné to publication and release in October 2016.
Garcia brings her talents of research and reporting to create quality fine art appraisals. Her work with the Onderdonk catalogue raisonné has developed into a clear and concise understanding of collections management and has created a strong sense of helping clients to answer questions regarding authenticity of their art. Garcia also has ties to local, regional and national art restorers to assist clients in the conservation of their artwork.


When creating an activity in the work plan the end date should automatically be changed to the defined start date.
Thanks for your feedback. I'm sure more people would benefit from this and will follow the voting with interest.


Are you presently alarmed because of the necessity to cope with tough scholastic assignments? proessaywritingservice.com offers all-round strategies that assist you gain higher scores.
proessaywritingservice.com is actually acompanionship that provides prime personalized content authoring aid for a variety of your homework issues. The business enterprise spent some time working along with learners of countless educational institutions all over the world. The writing assignments are actually of very high quality, authentic, sent instantly, and as well at affordable price ranges.
The group of professional writers at proessaywritingservice.com really are MA and Ph.D level holders who provide you essay or dissertation support as well as are willing and able to publish most varieties of tailormade and superior essay or dissertation. Right here are the reviews that will guide buyers to acquire essay or dissertation on the web by working with proessaywritingservice.com.
Written assignments – it contains any kind of paper copy, including narration, argumentative articles, admission essay, evaluation and compare, etc. The authors can easily prepare dissertations, annotations, critical reviews regarding novel or documentary.
Homework: we will prepare research, a variety of article writing assignments, case study, and course work, and so forth.
As you can see that proessaywritingservice.com offers you much more than solely freelance writing services, the details of the our products can be gathered using the web pages.
The rate at proessaywritingservice.com largely is dependent upon education course degree, assignment category, range of pages, creative style, and the deadlines. It is possible to be on to appropriate costs from a rate section as displayed in a list form taking into consideration 3 factors on the site. Students have the ability to obtain works on the net and very easily evaluate the total they are paying off the purchase. Therefore, it is comprehensible and opened for purchasers that proessaywritingservice.com does not scam their buyers but is very honest in costing.
The price ranges of their agency's products happen to be reasonably low-cost in contrast with most other agencies of the exact same specialised niche. The price tags go up due to the learner's school phase increases just like the buyer making order at the senior high school level really ought to cover no less than $11 when using the lower exigence along with the shortest deadline ought to pay out $34.95. Anyone buying at PhD degree really ought to spend $44.89, having the uppermost size and shortest due date of barely about three hrs.
1. University degree- from $14.83 to $ 37.
2. High school level – from $17.13 to $38.90.
3. Bachelor level – $22.95 to $40.85.
The students ought not to be concerned about just about any nonvisual expenses, since proessaywritingservice.com will never impose that. You're going to be given No charge adjustments within fourteen period immediately following realization purchase; Cost-free title page, citation page, materials checklist, and acknowledgment; and then Absolutely free consultation Twenty-four Hours. The students are ensured to receive a academic paper of a excellent quality at very low cost rates.
The clients are able to get periodic superb price cuts throughout the year with proessaywritingservice.com. If you're a frequent purchaser of our company, then you certainly have many different rebates determined by the total amount of the custom pages you order. You can obtain special discounts beginning from several% to 10% and sometimes even fifteenPct according to demanded quantity of custom pages. As a result, when you acquire alot more written pages, you can receive much higher discounted prices. Also, in case you bring a new-found end user to proessaywritingservice.com, you will take joy in wonderful discounted rate programs.
proessaywritingservice.com is probably the most user-friendly and uncomplicated and simple to operate web site to make it easier to buy academic paper online. This customized writing provider gives you really good client care, confidential essays and genuine features. Look at the proessaywritingservice.com positions and ratings to take the right verdict. They are available Day And Night and 365 days a year on free of charge calls and online message chats to make sure it is even faster and a lot easier to get solutions to pretty much all concerns regarding writing educational writing pieces. These guys hardly ever keep any mail without attention or on hold.
Our essayists working at proessaywritingservice.com are really skilled, experienced and they have unique writing talent to deliver clients quick, one hundredPer cent genuine, and also custom article service.
To be able to have more assurance in acquiring papers online from proessaywritingservice.com look at the testimonials, success stories and visit the web site to consider some other capabilities.