BUFFALO, NY--(Marketwired - Apr 22, 2015) - Cleveland BioLabs, Inc. (NASDAQ: CBLI) today announced that findings from a Phase 1 clinical study of entolimod (previously known as CBLB502) have been accepted for poster presentation at the 2015 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), which will be held from May 29 - June 2 in Chicago, Illinois.
The poster, titled: "A phase I study of the toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonist, entolimod in patients with advanced cancers," will be presented by Hatoon Bakhribah, MD, a Drug Development Fellow at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, during the Developmental Therapeutics - Immunotherapy poster session on May 30, 2015, between 8 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. CDT.
Entolimod is a toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonist that has shown preclinical potential in the immunotherapy of cancer. Entolimod administration activates innate and adaptive immune responses and mobilizes immunocytes to organs -- such as the liver, intestine, and bladder -- that have high TLR5 expression. Enrollment in a Phase 1 open-label, dose-escalation trial of entolimod in patients with advanced cancer was completed in September 2014 at Roswell Park in the United States. The study, led by Alex Adjei, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.P., Chair of the Department of Medicine and Senior Vice President of Clinical Research at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, was designed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetic, and immunoactivation profiles of entolimod. Assessments for evidence of anticancer activity were also performed.
Dosing is ongoing in a follow-on study in Moscow, Russia intended to extend the clinical observations from the higher entolimod dose levels evaluated in the Roswell Park trial.
This press release contains certain forward-looking information about Cleveland BioLabs that is intended to be covered by the safe harbor for "forward-looking statements" provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts. Words and phrases such as "potential," "will," "ongoing" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the conduct and results of our various clinical trials; the efficacy of our therapeutic products; our ability to successfully complete planned clinical studies; and our ability to obtain regulatory approval for our therapeutic products. All of such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond the control of the Company, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, the forward-looking information and statements.
These factors include, among others, the risks inherent in the early stages of drug development and in conducting clinical trials; the Company's collaborative relationships and the financial risks related thereto; the Company's ability to comply with its obligations under license agreements; subsequent changes in the agreement with the Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade; the Company's inability to obtain regulatory approval in a timely manner or at all; the Company's history of operating losses and the potential for future losses, which may lead the Company to not be able to continue as a going concern; and the Company's need for substantial additional financing to meet its business objectives. Some of these factors could cause future results to materially differ from the recent results or those projected in forward-looking statements. See also the "Risk Factors" and "Forward-Looking Statements" described in the Company's periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


"Stop Trying to Read Other People's Minds"
Today driving back to Chicago from my parents' house in the suburbs I was particularly cautious because of the dark flurry-filled highway. Night was fast approaching on my drive home and by the time I reached the city streets there was no longer any sunlight to aid me.
When I had stopped at a light on Lincoln Avenue I glanced out the car door window. Suddenly I realized it was not a low-visibility snowy evening, but a crisp clear night. At this I instinctively prompted the wiper fluid. Lo and behold I had been unnecessarily struggling from something I had expected even before I got in the car, a night where the air was filled with snow, which would be difficult to drive in. The night air was as clear as it had been on any cold cloudless night in Chicago and I just did not realize all I had to do was clean the windshield.
Just as I needed to clean the lens through which my highway journey was viewed, any successful moment starts with clarity of mind and perspective. I had been feeling stress during the week about situations with my cold apartment and a blown fuse, and the prospect of work that had to be done.
Every time I thought I was making some progress, something else would come up and require my attention. As I began to flounder I realized that before anything could be done, like decisions, work, and planning, I first had to relax into a state of peace and perspective. My actions were not yielding positive results. The results were expressing the energy with which I had produced them.
So before you try to fix a situation so that you can be at peace, remember that the only way to create the success you want is to first be at peace and then go about doing whatever it is you have to do. You need to go beyond the mind to untangle yourself from the thoughts that are creating the dis-ease.
When I arrived home I received a "Present Moment Reminder" email from Eckhart Tolle stating the three things you can do to become peaceful at any given moment, "Wherever you are, be there totally. If you find your here and now intolerable and it makes you unhappy, you have three options: remove yourself from the situation, change it, or accept it totally," Eckhart Tolle.
I love Eckhart, his books were the journey starters for me. I read The Power of Now only a year ago and it has improved my life immensely.
That is so exciting! A few years ago I read A New Earth and it really shifted my perspective. I found reading The Power of Now to be incredibly meaningful after that.
Love it!!!!! You're an amazing writer!
Thank you, your support means so much to me!
Positive and Purposeful Approach to Life. Enjoy this blogger's thoughts!


This I Run Because I Really Like Beer Funny Workout Shirt is going to get a ton of laughs at the gym! It's a great shirt to wear anywhere- at the gym, yoga studio, home, or store!
I run because punching people is frowned upon.


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Home Business Companies Mariam Kaleem Agyeman-Buahin is Letshego Group's new Head of Digital Marketing
Mariam Kaleem Agyeman-Buahin is Letshego Group's new Head of Digital Marketing
Letshego Group has appointed Mariam Kaleem Agyeman-Buahin as the company's new Head of Digital Marketing.
The appointment is part of the company's five-year plan to recruiting digital skills from across the continent.
The 22 year strong pan-African inclusive finance institution, reiterated that digitisation is driving the success of its transformation strategy, extending the reach of its financial solutions to mass and middle income individuals as well as Micro and Small Entrepreneurs (MSEs).
Mariam will be responsible for crafting, ideating and executing the marketing strategy for Letshego's LetsGo digital platform, set to catapult the Group towards its vision to become a world-class retail financial institution, improving the lives of its customers across sub-Saharan Africa.
Prior to Letshego, Mariam was employed by Standard Chartered Ghana. She joined the international banking group in September 2016 as Country Manager for Brand, Marketing and Sponsorship, before being promoted to her latest role in the Retail Banking division as Head of Digital Banking and Financial Inclusion and Corporate Partnerships.
Prior to banking, Mariam made her creative mark in the telecom's sector as Vodafone Ghana's Head of Brand Engagement and Sponsorship. As a fireball marketer, Mariam has developed and implemented novel marketing concepts through digital and experiential channels to connect with diverse customer segments.
Mariam's core strengths are brand management, digital & experiential marketing, marketing communication and concept development.
"We are delighted to have Mariam on board, and already inspired by her passion and energy to ignite the hearts and minds of customers and communities with Letshego's digital offering.
With its dynamic economic growth trajectory, and rapid in-roads into global digital trends, Ghana is not only an important market in Letshego's regional footprint, but also a valued source of talent for the Letshego Group at large," commented Chipiliro Katundu, Letshego's Group Chief of Products.
Letshego Ghana, a subsidiary of Letshego Group, has more than demonstrated its strategic and potential value to the Group with a cumulative aggregated growth of 600% over the last 5 years, more than tripling its proportion of profit before tax in the same period.
Andrew Fening Okai, Letshego's Group Chief Executive, added, "Mariam's unique talents have been evident throughout her career, and she is already adding value since joining Letshego. She joins us at an incredibly pivotal phase for the Group and we are pleased to welcome her to our Letshego family."
The Letshego Group is a truly African multinational, first opening its doors in Botswana more than 21 years ago by offering loans to government employees. Today the Group has over 3,000 employees comprising more than 21 nationalities, and supports public and private sector individual customers, as well as micro and small entrepreneurs. Letshego has operations in 11 sub Saharan African markets, including Ghana.
Letshego Holdings Limited (the group holding company) is listed on the Botswana Stock Exchange, with a subsequent listings including a subsidiary listing on the Namibian stock exchange, and bond listings on both the Ghana and Johannesburg Stock Exchanges. Despite economic challenges posed by the pandemic during the course of 2020, the Letshego Group posted over GH¢580million in profit before tax for the 2020 financial year, growing net assets at 12% year on year.
In Ghana, Letshego employs over 500 local nationals, with the business led by seasoned Ghanaian banker, Arnold Parker, Country CEO of Letshego Ghana. Letshego expanded into Ghana in 2017 through the acquisition of 'afb Ghana'.
Since the acquisition and under Arnold's leadership, Letshego has diversified the entity's product portfolio with the addition of MSME (Micro Small and Medium Enterprise) loans, retail and corporate deposits, as well as opening two new outlets to compliment the brand's national, omni-channel network.
Speaking on the value of Ghana in Letshego's regional footprint, Arnold Parker noted that Ghana is proving to be a valued talent pool for regional companies across diverse sectors. He added that Letshego is one of many regional entities that invest and support Ghana's growth potential, while gaining benefit from the passion and expertise of its people. The Ghana team remain proud to be a part of a Group that is committed to supporting inclusive finance initiatives, supporting sustainable business and growth of communities in Ghana, and across our continent.
Letshego Ghana posted record national performance for 2020, more than doubling its profit before tax year on year to GH¢47million.
Letshego Group
Mariam Kaleem Agyeman-Buahin
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Screen colours shifted I have an Eee with Ubuntu 14.04 installed, and recently I noticed a shifted in the screen colours: the whites are still white and the black are still black, but now light colours are in shades of light blue, and the dark ones are in shades of dark blue (see image below).
I tried to fix the problem changing the theme but it didn't work. Do you think the issue has something to do with the screen connection? Do you have any suggestion on how to fix this? Thanks!

A: Do you have xcalib package installed? (sudo apt-get install xcalib)
This package allows to invert the screen colours for better readability of documents etc.
To invert colours (and re-invert) run xcalib -i -a from the command line.
If not, I would test it with external screen and check if it is the same (if it's different then you have an hardware issue)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Undocumented Residents In Storm-Ravaged Houston Remain Nervous About Seeking Help
Officials have repeatedly said they will not ask anyone seeking help about their immigration status, but fears remain.
By Nidhi Prakash
Nidhi Prakash BuzzFeed News Reporter
Lm Otero / AP
Conception Casa, center, and his friend check on Rhonda Worthington after her car became stuck in rising floodwaters from Tropical Storm Harvey in Houston on Aug. 28.
Despite assurances from officials in Texas, undocumented residents in flood-ravaged Houston say they fear putting themselves at risk of deportation if they seek help.
State and local officials have said repeatedly that they will not ask people about their immigration status if they seek help from rising storm waters, but rumors to the contrary are still causing anxiety.
"There's definitely concern from our communities about whether or not they should go out and get help," said Oscar Hernandez, an organizer with United We Dream in Houston.
The Trump administration's focus on deporting nearly all undocumented people, a new Texas law that allows authorities to ask suspects for immigration papers, and the possible repeal of DACA, or Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, haven't eased those concerns, he added.
There were at least 575,000 undocumented people living in Houston in 2014, according to an estimate from the Pew Research Center.
Jaime, a resident in southwest Houston who didn't want to use his last name because he is undocumented, said he had heard the public reassurances on the news, but he'd prefer to take refuge at a church, rather than a public shelter, if it came to it.
"The news is saying that if you don't have [documents] it doesn't matter," the 58-year-old said. "At least there's that."
People line up for food and others rest at the George R. Brown Convention Center in Houston on Aug. 29.
Mari, who also didn't want to use her last name because she is undocumented, told BuzzFeed News she had heard the same reassurances on the news, but isn't sure she can believe them.
"Here, they're saying on the television that it doesn't matter if you don't have documents, but it's hard to really be confident that that's true," the 41-year-old said. "My husband has documents, but I don't."
The city of Houston on Tuesday sought to allay those fears, saying rumors of immigration papers being required at shelters were not true. Officials also reiterated that it is not city policy to ask people in need of help about their immigration status.
"WE WILL NOT ASK FOR IMMIGRATION STATUS OR PAPERS AT ANY SHELTER," officials tweeted in English and in Spanish on Tuesday afternoon.
City of Houston @HoustonTX
WE WILL NOT ASK FOR IMMIGRATION STATUS OR PAPERS AT ANY SHELTER. No vamos a pedir documentos ni estatus migratorio en ningun albergue
Tue Aug 29 19:08:58 UTC+0000 2017
@HoustonTX / Twitter / Via Twitter: @HoustonTX
"This rumor is FALSE!" city officials tweeted on Monday night, in English and Spanish.
We will not ask for immigration status or papers from anyone at any shelter. This rumor is FALSE!
No vamos a pedir documentos ni estatus migratorio en ningun albergue este rumor es FALSO!
Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner and Texas Gov. Greg Abbott have also said that no one will be asked for immigration papers while seeking help. And in a joint statement, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection said "routine non-criminal immigration enforcement operations" would not be carried out at shelters and food banks, although "the laws will not be suspended."
Turner also sought to reassure undocumented residents on Monday.
"There is absolutely no reason why anyone should not call. And I and others will be the first ones to stand up with you," he told reporters. "If someone comes and they require help and then for some reason [someone] tries to deport them, I will represent them myself."
David J. Phillip / AP
Highways around downtown Houston are empty as floodwaters from Tropical Storm Harvey overflow from the bayous on Aug. 29.
The city's police chief Art Acevedo — a vocal opponent of the new state law authorizing residency status checks — also said that any police officer who asks for immigration papers will have to file a report explaining their decision.
Meanwhile, Hernandez at United We Dream told BuzzFeed News the organization is encouraging people to seek assistance from emergency crews and shelters if they need it. But they've also set up a hotline for people to report any discrimination. They have yet to record a complaint in Houston since the storm began.
"I just feel concerned about whether people will hold to their word," he said. "It's our role more than anything to hold them accountable, that they in fact do not ask for people's immigration status when people do go out and look for help."
If you've been impacted by the storm in Texas, or have a tip about rescue, relief, government, or aid efforts, call the BuzzFeed News tipline at (646) 589-8598. Find us on Signal, email, SecureDrop, and more here.
Topics In This Article
Nidhi Prakash is a reporter for BuzzFeed News and is based in Washington, DC.
Contact Nidhi Prakash at nidhi.prakash@buzzfeed.com.


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Study raises questions about fluoride and children's IQ
A study of young children in Canada suggests those whose mothers drank fluoridated tap water while pregnant had slightly lower IQ scores than children whose mothers lived in non-fluoridated cities.|
BEN GUARINO
A study of young children in Canada suggests those whose mothers drank fluoridated tap water while pregnant had slightly lower IQ scores than children whose mothers lived in non-fluoridated cities. But don't dash for the nearest bottled water yet. Health experts at the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Dental Association cautioned that public policy and drinking water consumption should not change on the basis of this study.
"I still stand by the weight of the best available evidence, from 70 years of study, that community water fluoridation is safe and effective," said Brittany Seymour, a dentist and spokeswoman for the American Dental Association. "If we're able to replicate findings and continue to see outcomes, that would compel us to revisit our recommendation. We're just not there yet."
The American Academy of Pediatrics, likewise, recommends fluoride in toothpastes and tooth varnishes for children because the mineral prevents tooth decay. In drinking water, "fluoridation has been incredibly protective," said Aparna Bole, a pediatrician who chairs the Council on Environmental Health at the American Academy of Pediatrics. Fluoridation reduces the prevalence of cavities by about one-fourth, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC considers water fluoridation one of the 10 top health achievements of the past century, on par with vaccines and antismoking campaigns.
Bole called the new study, published Monday in JAMA Pediatrics, "an important addition to our body of knowledge. It supports the public health community's ongoing reevaluation of optimal fluoridation levels in drinking water."
In January 1945, researchers added fluoride to municipal water in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the first program to enlist fluoride to protect a city's teeth. Opponents of fluoridation have since raised concerns both ludicrous - fluoridation is not a communist plot - and legitimate, such as fluorosis. In the mild form of fluorosis, faint white streaks appear on the teeth of young children. Severe fluorosis, which is much rarer, damages bones.
Dozens of cities in the United States and Canada, such as Portland, Oregon, and Vancouver, do not add fluoride to city water. Elsewhere in the United States, fluoridation is the norm. As of 2014, per CDC data, two-thirds of people in the United States had fluoride in their drinking water. In 2015, to reduce the risk of mild fluorosis, the Department of Health and Human Services cut its fluoride recommendations almost in half, from 1.2 milligrams per liter to 0.7 milligrams per liter.
Few older studies addressed potential risks, or the lack thereof, associated with fluoride exposure during pregnancy, said study author Christine Till, a neuropsychologist at Canada's York University. She added that "whether we found an effect or not, the data would be really relevant because we would then address that gap in our knowledge."
Till and her colleagues acquired data and frozen urine samples previously collected by Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals, or MIREC. That project, run by Canada's public health department, studied thousands of mothers who gave birth between 2008 and 2012. MIREC researchers measured the toddlers' IQ after the children turned 3.
Pregnant women reported their consumption of tap water and black tea, which is high in fluoride, in questionnaires. The authors of the new study also calculated the amount of fluoride in municipal water, based on the levels at wastewater treatment plants linked to the women's postal codes. The researches estimated the women's fluoride intake based on a combination of those measures.
The researchers compared the fluoride intake of 400 women, some who lived in fluoridated cities and some who did not. They controlled for factors such as household income and the women's education. A 1 milligram increase in fluoride intake was associated with a 3.7-point drop in children's IQ, they found.
As an additional step, Till and her colleagues measured fluoride biomarkers in urine from 500 pregnant women, collected during each trimester. Fluoride content in urine was only moderately related to the estimates of the mothers' fluoride intake, suggesting that neither was a perfect measure of how much fluoride a pregnant woman drank.
The scientists observed that a 1 milligram-per-liter increase in urine fluoride predicted a drop in IQ of 4.5 points in young boys. When the researchers examined the urine of mothers who had daughters, however, fluoride had no association with IQ.
Previous observational studies claimed to find relationships between fluoride and IQ, but most were "of poorer quality due to various weaknesses in study design," said David Bellinger, an expert in neuroepidemiology at Boston Children's Hospital who was not associated with this study. The methods in this report, he said, are "very similar" to studies that showed low-dose lead and pesticide toxicities.
But he called for further research. "Generally, no single epidemiological study settles a question like this," Bellinger said.
"The decision to publish this article was not an easy one," said Dimitri Christakis, the editor of JAMA Pediatrics and a pediatrician at Seattle Children's Hospital. Christakis appended a note to the study, a first in his career, explaining that the journal subjected the paper to "additional scrutiny." This included multiple statistical reviews, he said.
"The findings are what they are," Christakis said. "There is clearly an association. It by no means proves definitively that this is a risk."
Several researchers unaffiliated with the report applauded this work's publication in the face of intense review. "I believe that, in general, the dental community will discount these findings, minimize their importance and continue to recommend the use of fluoridated water during pregnancy," said Pamela Den Besten, a pediatric dentist who studies tooth enamel at the University of California, San Francisco. She added: "This study has been carefully conducted and analyzed."
"This is an excellent study," said Philippe Grandjean, a physician who studies brain development and environmental pollutants at the Harvard School of Public Health. "CDC has to come out and look at the risk-benefit ratio again because they can't continue relying on studies that were carried out decades ago."
The CDC declined to comment on the study because it was not a participant, said Amesheia Buckner, an agency spokeswoman. "Community water fluoridation is one of the most practical, cost-effective, equitable and safe measures communities can take to prevent tooth decay," Buckner said.
The study has flaws, said John Ioannidis, a Stanford University meta-scientist and the author of an influential 2005 paper, "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False."
"It has major drawbacks in terms of how the measurements have been made," Ioannidis said. "The results are very borderline in terms of statistical significance." It's a weakness, he said, that the self-reported consumption was not linked directly to levels of fluoride measured in bodily fluids.
What's more, the sex difference in IQ - the drop observed for boys but not girls - "makes no sense," he said. "If you see a gender difference claim for this type of association, it's far more likely to be a spurious finding rather than something true."
Bole agreed. "I just don't know how to interpret that," she said.
Some physicians offered advice based on this study. "The answer for me, I can say, is I would not have my wife drink fluoridated water" if she were pregnant, Christakis said. Grandjean, likewise, suggested mothers drink bottled water and limit black tea to a single cup per day.
Others did not. "I'm hoping people don't conclude on the basis of this one study, 'Oh boy, we should all be drinking bottled water.' No," Bole said. "Tap water in most communities is the healthiest and most environmentally responsible choice." And adding more restrictions to what pregnant women can consume, Ioannidis said, creates a "burden of feasibility."
Seymour said the damage from dental disease goes beyond teeth. "Kids in the U.S. who don't have access to community water fluoridation have significantly higher dental disease, and we know that impacts their ability to learn and grow," she said, including harm to sleep, self-esteem and school performance. Seymour, whose young daughter drinks city water, would "honestly be more concerned if there was a decision to stop fluoridating our water," she said.
Ioannidis's stance "on whether fluoride exposure during pregnancy is a bad thing for the IQ of the child goes up about threefold," he said. "If you thought that it was maybe 1% likely to be true, that 1% now would become 3%. It would still not be true."
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MEXICO CITY — A man with a mysterious bulge under his T-shirt was stopped, searched and detained at Mexico City's international airport after authorities found 18 tiny endangered monkeys in a girdle he was wearing.
The Public Safety Department said in a statement Monday that 38-year-old Roberto Cabrera arrived on a commercial flight Friday from Lima, Peru, when authorities noticed the bulge and conducted a body search.
The department says Cabrera was carrying the 6-inch titi monkeys in pouches attached to the girdle.
I was going to say this could make a delightful children's song, then the article goes on to say two of the poor little creatures had died along the way. Which now makes it a mediocre Tim Burton movie.
If this isn't the coolest picture ever taken, I don't know what is.
Santisuk Phromdao is a pig-tailed macaque monkey from Sai Buri district, Patttani province, southern Thailand. Although only five years old, Santisuk patrols the streets of Thailand everyday dressed in a blazer with the words 'Monkey Police' laced across it.
According to Thailand's Nation newspaper, Santisuk was adopted by Pol Col Yutthapol Phromdao Yutthapol, who, after discovering the injured monkey at a local clinic, recruited him into his squad, thereby turning the simple-minded primate into the first-ever monkey cop.
Satisuk's tour of duty began at a local checkpoint, where Yutthapol taught him how to collect coconuts and other fruits from locals by enticing him with bottles of delectable Vitamilk. Soon afterward, Satisuk's duties grew from mundane tasks into full-fledged public relations.
You are currently browsing the archives for the Monkey category.


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Alexa Bliss and R-Truth's wins on Raw and SmackDown this week were bigger than you realized
By Sean Rueter@s1rude Sep 7, 2018, 5:00pm EDT
Share All sharing options for: Alexa Bliss and R-Truth's wins on Raw and SmackDown this week were bigger than you realized
On Tuesday (Sept. 4), R-Truth turned his latest run of scene-stealing performances on SmackDown into a victory over The Miz. It was his first televised victory since beating (who else?) Curt Hawkins on Main Event in July of last year.
Wild, but not too surprising. Truth may be a low-key legend with a more impressive resume than most people realize, but he's an undercard babyface enhancement talent.
How about this one? Alexa Bliss' win over Natalya on Raw the night before (Sept. 3) was noteworthy for several reasons:
It was her first televised singles win in match without defined stakes (meaning the Women's Title, or a possible #1 contender spot wasn't on the line) since May 22, 2017.
It was the first time she's beaten Natalya on television.
It was her first submission victory in her career.
There are pretty logical explanations for all those facts. Though she's been champion for a long time, Bliss is a cowardly heel... and she's not an in-ring specialist, so Alexa's big moments come on the mic, or in scenes outside of "competition".
Prior to Ronda Rousey's arrival, both Natalya and Bliss were heels. And the Goddess has never had a submission finisher, so until a program like her current one with Ronda called on her to use one, there was no reason for her to win by tapout.
It's still quite the trifecta for a five-time champ.
It might just be the tip of the iceberg for both Alexa and Truth. Bliss could be on the cusp of a turn, as she'll need some kind of refresh after Rousey almost certainly ushers her out of the division's main event at Hell in a Cell. And Truth is getting himself over the way he usually does when given screen time, and is headed to Mixed Match Challenge where he could conceivably pick up at least one win.
Or, in the not-entirely-unlikely event I'm wrong about all that, they'll have this week's big wins to keep them warm.
H/T: 411mania.com, Sportskeeda and Randumo on r/squaredcircle


We couldn't be more excited to welcome Dr. Urmi Bhattacharya in her new role as Country Director to the Fortify Health team. Urmi joins with extensive experience relevant to fortification, management, and monitoring & evaluation. Prior to joining Fortify Health, Urmi was a Research Manager at the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-PAL) South Asia for four years, where she managed six large scale programmes across five states in India, including two fortification studies. She has also served as the Global Head of Monitoring and Evaluation for Uganda and India at STIR Education. Urmi earned her PhD in Economics from Indiana University in 2012 and has since dedicated her passion and skills towards making high quality education and health systems accessible to all people.


When you hear the words "False Eyelashes," most people automatically think of the classic, dramatic full strip lash. However, false eyelashes are much more versatile than simply vamping up your look for a night out. For anything from a day at the office to a day out shopping, a great way to subtly enhance your look is to apply natural volume eyelashes.
The best way to achieve a natural volume look with false eyelashes is to forgo the long strip lash and instead apply individual lashes to your natural lash line. This will give you a subtle increase in volume and length without having to apply heavier makeup to hide the strip. If you have lighter hair and want an even more natural look, choose an eyelash that is the same color as your own natural lashes for a thicker look without the drama of a darker lash.
For the most natural look, apply all makeup except mascara before adding the lashes. A simple combination of cream colored eyeshadow under the brow and on the inner corners of the eye with a taupe shade in the crease is perfect. If desired, add a touch of black or brown eyeliner to the top and bottom lash line. When you apply the individual lashes, test out the amount of lash you desire by simply holding the individual lashes against your natural lash line with tweezers and deciding how full of a look you'd like. For the most natural look, a few false eyelashes concentrated toward the outer corners of your eye should do the trick. For a slightly fuller option, start spacing the false eyelashes about a quarter of an inch from the inner corner of your eye and apply them evenly across the lash line.
Once you've applied your false eyelashes, go back and touchup your eyeliner if need be, and follow with a coat or two of mascara to blend the false and natural eyelashes together. Use black mascara for the most dramatic effect, but a brown or clear will also be great if you're looking for the most natural effect possible. Blending the lashes in this way will make them seem naturally yours for a perfect daytime look.


A sales-data-processing apparatus having a storing device for storing rebate information or the equivalent thereof, an input device for entering a desired rebate which a customer wants to be refunded from the rebate, a subtracting device for subtracting the desired rebate from the total price of the current purchase, and a display device for displaying the result of the subtraction. The apparatus makes it possible to refund the desired rebate at each purchase.
This application is a continuation of application No. 07/426,273, filed on Oct. 25, 1989, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to a sales-data-processing apparatus with functions that can provide a rebate service in which a rebate amount is determined according to the wishes of the customers and the amounts purchased.
Two types of rebate services are carried out in customer-information-managing at present: the regular rebate system and the immediate rebate system. In the regular rebate system, service coupons are issued regularly depending on the amount purchased by a member customer, and a discount is made for the customer when the service coupons are brought in. Thus, the discount is carried out by means of service coupons. This system is inconvenient for both the customers and stores because the customers must keep and carry the service coupons and the stores must issue the service coupons.
In contrast, in the immediate rebate system, the rebate service is immediately carried out at the point of calculation according to the purchase amount of a customer. As a result, the stores need not issue the service coupons, and further the customers need not keep and carry the service coupons. These are advantages over the regular rebate system for both the customers and stores. In particular, the immediate rebate system is preferable for small-scale stores where the issuing of service coupons might be burdensome.
For this reason, sales-data-processing apparatuses adopting the immediate rebate system are now produced.
These sales-data-processing apparatuses works as follows: first, a check is made at the point of calculation to determine if the sum total of the purchases of the customer exceeds the amount at which a rebate will occur; second, if the rebate occurs, the final price obtained by subtracting the rebate from the current total price is required at the time of calculation.
(1) The rebate calculations often yield fractions of a yen, which causes a decrease in the processing efficiency of the store clerk. This is because the rebate is computed by multiplying the total price of purchase of the customer by a predetermined constant (2%, for example), when the total price exceeds a predetermined amount ( 10,000, for example).
(2) Some customers wish to delay the payment of the rebate until the rebate reaches a set amount, and then buy desired articles by using the rebate when the rebate reaches the set amount. The conventional sales-data-processing apparatus cannot handle such a demand.
(3) If the fractions of the total price of purchase were able to be paid by the rebate, the customer would not need to receive small change which is of little use, and the cash handling of the store clerk would be reduced as well. The conventional sales-data-processing apparatus cannot handle such a demand, either.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a sales-data-processing apparatus which can record the total price of purchases eligible for rebate, and makes it possible for the customer to use the rebate when the rebate reaches an amount which the customer sets.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a sales-data-processing apparatus which makes it possible for the customer to transfer a fraction of the total price of purchase to the rebate so that the customer need not receive the fraction, which reduces the work of the store clerk, as well.
updating means for updating the storing means on the basis of the desired rebate and the total price of the articles eligible for rebate of the current purchase.
FIG. 31 is a view showing an example of the receipt printed.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the electric configuration of an electronic counter scale according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front elevation showing the outer construction of the scale, and FIG. 3 is a front elevation showing the operating panel of the electronic scale.
First, mechanical construction of the electronic scale will be described. In FIG. 2, numeral 1 designates a scale base on which scale plate 1a is provided. When an object to be weighed is positioned on scale plate 1, load cell 1b in FIG. 1 produces a weight signal. At the rear of scale base 1, stands double-screen display device 2. This display device 2 has two screens which are provided back to back: primary display 2a facing the clerk and secondary display 2b facing the customer. Each of displays 2a and 2b has a plasma-dot-display area 2c of 256×256 dots, and displays article name, weight (g), unit price (), price (), and so forth, in a calculation situation.
At the front of scale base 1 is provided operating panel 3 which is sloped so that the clerk can easily operate it. As shown in FIG. 3, operating panel 3 has preset keys 4, numeric keypad 5, function keys 6, key switches 7 for changing modes, and so on.
Preset keys 4 consist of 50 keys of 5 rows×10 columns, and are used to retrieve article data by pressing one of the keys. The article data includes the name, unit price, weight, etc. of the article, and are stored according to article numbers (called PLU number hereafter). Numerical keypad 5 is provided to enter various kinds of digital data, and function keys 6 are provided to enter various commands such as moving the cursor and editing data on the screens of display device 2. Keyswitch 7 is provided to select the current mode from among the modes such as setting, checking, registering, and issuing journal. A clear key and a tare key are also added to numerical keypad 5.
Inside the scale base 1, there is provided thermal printer 8 (see FIG. 1) which performs dot-printing on label paper or receipt paper by means of a thermal head so that desired characters and numerals are printed. Numeral 15 designates a bar-code reader for reading bar-code data, and numeral 16 denotes a guide groove for inserting bar-code card 17. Bar-code data is read when bar-code section 18 of bar-code card 17 shown in FIG. 4 is applied to the guide groove 16 and is slid therealong. This bar-code card 17 is used as a membership card on which a bar code corresponding to the membership number (customer number) is printed in bar-code section 18.
Each of the elements described above is connected to controller 19 in FIG. 1. First, load cell 1b for weighing the article on scale plate 1a is connected to CPU 21 via load-cell controller 20. Second, primary display 2a is connected to CPU 21 via primary-display controller 22a, and secondary display 2b is connected to CPU 21 via second display controller 22b. Each of these display controllers 22a and 22b includes a display buffer memory so that the stored data in the buffer memory are displayed continually. Third, operating panel 3 is connected to CPU 21 via operating-panel controller 23, bar-code reader 15 is connected to CPU 21 via bar-code-reader controller 24, and thermal printer 8 is connected to CPU 21 via printer controller 25. Bar-code reader 15 is removably connected to the scale. Finally, ROM 26, RAM 27 and timer 28 are connected to CPU 21 which controls each part of the scale described above.
FIG. 5 is a map of data locations in ROM 26. ROM 26 includes area 26a and area 26b. Area 26a stores the control program for controlling weighing process, print process, display process, etc., and area 26b, which is usually termed the "character generator", stores character patterns including characters and numerals.
FIG. 6 is a map of data locations in RAM 27. RAM 27 includes working area 27a in which flags and registers are located, display buffer 27b in which display data are temporarily stored, print buffer 27c in which print data are temporarily stored, receipt buffer 27d in which receipt data are temporarily stored, PLU (Price Look Up) file 27e in which article data are stored, customer file 27f in which customer data are stored, preset-key memory 27g in which PLU numbers each of which corresponds to each preset-keys 4 are stored, and screen-data file 27h in which data for several screen images are stored.
FIG. 7 shows the configuration of receipt buffer 27d. Receipt buffer 27d temporarily stores receipt data when a clerk registers purchased articles. The receipt data includes such data as PLU numbers of purchased articles, article names, unit prices, weights, prices, flags, the total number of articles, and the total price. In this embodiment, 30 items of receipt data can be stored for each of four customers "A", "B", "C", and "D".
FIG. 8 show the configuration of PLU (Price Look Up) file 27e. This file 27e stores article data (such as unit prices of articles, article names, flags, total prices, total weights of the articles purchased, and total number of the articles purchased) in accordance with PLU numbers (article numbers). Among these data, unit prices, article names, and flags are set in advance as preset data. The flags represent the following: the articles corresponding to flags of "0" are not to be rebated; the articles corresponding to flags of "1" are to be normally rebated; and the articles corresponding to flags of "2" are to be rebated at twice the normal rebate.
FIG. 9 shows the configuration of customer file 27f. Customer file 27f stores customer date )such as customer codes, addresses, names, birth-dates, amounts eligible for rebate, rebates A, and rebates B) according to customer numbers. The amount eligible for rebate is equal to the total price of articles to be rebated, except that in case of the article for the double rebate, twice the price thereof is added to the amount eligible for rebate. Rebate A is the rebate yielded by the total price eligible for rebate of the last purchase, and rebate B is the carry-over from the purchase before the last purchase.
FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of preset-key memory 27g, which stores PLU numbers according to preset-key numbers. Finally, screen-data file 27h stores a guidance-screen image and a service-screen image to be displayed on the displays 2a and 2b.
Next, the register-and-calculation process and the immediate rebating process will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 11.
A clerk enters the PLU number of an article which a customer desires to buy: for example, the PLU number of "pork loin". When the PLU number of "pork loin" can be entered from one of preset-keys 4, the clerk presses the key associated with "pork loin" so that the PLU number KD thereof is entered. In contrast, when the entry by means of preset keys 4 is impossible, the clerk enters the PLU number by operating the item-number key of function keys 6, and then numerical keypad 5.
First, at step SP111 in FIG. 12, CPU 21 tests if one of the preset keys 4 is pressed or not, i.e., whether a PLU number is entered from preset keys 4 or not. If the test result is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP112. At step SP112, CPU 21 searches preset-key memory 27g in order to find the PLU number corresponding to the depressed key. After finding the PLU number, CPU 21 reads the PLU number, and proceeds to step SP113. In contrast, when a PLU number is directly entered by using function keys 6 and numerical keypad 5, the test result at step SP111 is negative (NO). In this case, CPU 21 directly proceeds to step SP113. At step SP113, CPU 21 searches PLU file 27e to find the PLU number, and at step SP114, CPU 21 tests if the PLU number entered is found in PLU file 27e. If the test result at step SP114 is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP115 to read the article data associated with "pork loin" from PLU file 27e, and displays the article data on primary display 2a and secondary display 2b. FIG. 13 shows an example of the article data of "pork loin" displayed. As shown, price per 100 g, in addition to the weight, and the total price, is displayed. If the test result at step SP114 is negative (NO), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP116 and displays an error message to indicate that the PLU number entered has not been found in PLU file 27e.
The clerk decides whether the article which the customer desires to buy is an article to be weighed or not. If the article is to be weighed, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP13, whereas if the article does not need to be weighed, that is, if the article has a definite price, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP16.
When the article which the customer wants to buy is an article to be weighed, the clerk puts the article on scale plate 1a, thereby weighing the article. During the weighing, load cell 1b produces weight data WD and sends it to CPU 21 via load-cell controller 20.
CPU 21, receiving weight data WD via load-cell controller 20, computes the price of the article and displays the weight and price according to the processes shown in FIG. 14. First, at step SP141 in FIG. 14, CPU 21 waits until weight data WD stabilizes. Once weight data WD stabilizes CPU 21 proceeds to step SP142 so as to compute the price of "pork loin" on scale plate 1a by multiplying the unit price of the "pork loin" by weight data WD (300 g, for example). After that, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP143, thereby displaying the weight, unit price and total price of the "pork loin" on primary display 2a and secondary display 2b. FIG. 15 shows an example of the display at step SP143. As shown, the item name "pork loin", its weight (300 g, for example), its price per 100 (250, for example), and its price (750, for example) are displayed.
When the weight of the article on scale plate la reaches the weight which the customer desires, the processing proceeds to step SP16. In contrast, when the weight of the article on scale plate 1a is not equal to that which the customer desires, the processing returns to step SP13. In this case, when the weight of the article on scale plate la is less than the desired weight, more of the article must be added, whereas if the weight of the article on scale plate la exceeds the desired weight, the excess must be removed.
The clerk presses [+A] key of function keys 6 so as to command addition. Incidentally, 4 addition keys, i.e., [+A] key, [+B] key, [+C] key, and [+D] key are provided in this apparatus. This makes it possible for each of four customers A, B, C and D to serve respective customers simultaneously. In this description, however, the case where one clerk serves one customer is explained.
When CPU 21 receives a signal from [+A] key, CPU 21 computes the total price and displays it according to the processes shown in FIG. 16. First, at step SP171 in FIG. 16, CPU 21 transmits the receipt data (that is, the current article data) shown in FIG. 7 to receipt buffer 27d. Second, at step SP172, CPU 21 computes the total price and the number of items of the current purchase of the customer. The number of items (for example, 3) represents the number of repetition of step SP16, that is, the number of depressions of the [+A] key. Finally, at step SP173, CPU 21 stores the computed total price to receipt buffer 27e, and controls the display of the total price on primary and secondary displays 2a and 2b.
FIG. 17 shows an example of the display: the total price, " 2537", for example, is displayed together with the clerk number A, and the total number of items (3, for example).
If there are other articles to be purchased by the customer, the processing returns to step SP10 to repeat the above processes in connection with the article to be purchased. In contrast, if there are no other articles, the clerk asks the customer if it is all right to execute the calculation, and proceeds to step SP19 if the customer gives a positive answer.
The clerk asks if the customer is a member of the store. When the customer answers that he/she is a member, the processing proceeds to step SP20, whereas if the customer answers that he/she is not a member, the processing proceeds to step SP34.
The following steps SP20 to SP33 relates to the situation in which the customer is a member.
The clerk asks the customer if he has his membership card. If the customer brings his membership card, the processing proceeds to step SP24, whereas if the customer does not have his membership card, the processing proceeds to step SP21.
The clerk depresses the "customer" key of function keys 6.
CPU 21, receiving a signal from the "customer" key, retrieves input-guidance-screen image shown in FIG. 18 from screen-data file 27h, and displays the image on primary and secondary displays 2a and 2b. On the input-guidance screen, instructions indicating the input processes are displayed: for example, "Please enter the customer code from the numerical keypad and then press the "customer" key". Otherwise, "Please enter the telephone number of the customer and then press the [↑] key".
The clerk asks and enters the customer code or the telephone number of the customer according to the processes displayed on the input-guidance screen.
When the customer brings a membership card, the clerk receives the membership card from the customer and has bar-code reader 15 read the customer number (bar-code data) on the card at step SP24. If the reading of the customer number is impossible because of deformity or breakage of the card, the clerk executes the processes of step SP21 to step SP23.
CPU 21 reads out the customer data from customer file 27f according to the processes shown in FIG. 19, when CPU 21 receives the customer code read at step SP24, or the customer code entered at step SP23, or the telephone number of the customer entered at step SP23.
More specifically, at step SP251 in FIG. 19, CPU 21 tests if the membership card is read. If the test result is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP253 at which CPU 21 searches customer file 27f by using the customer number so as to obtain the customer data. On the other hand, if the test result at step SP251 is negative (NO), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP252 at which CPU 21 tests if the customer code is entered. If the test result at step SP252 is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP254 at which CPU 21 searches customer file 27f so as to obtain the customer data including the customer code. In contrast, when the test result at step SP252 is negative (NO), that is, the telephone number of the customer is entered, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP255 at which CPU 21 searches customer file 27f so as to obtain the customer data including the telephone number. After the search above, CPU 21 tests, at step SP256, if the customer data in question is found or not. If the test result at step SP256 is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP257 at which the found customer data is read out. On the other hand, if the test result at step SP256 is negative (NO), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP258 and displays the error message.
At step SP26, CPU 21 tests whether today is the birthday of the customer or not according to the processes shown in FIG. 20.
At step SP261 in FIG. 20, CPU 21 reads the date of today from timer 28. At step SP262, CPU 21 compares the "month" of the data read from timer 28 with the "month of the date of birth" of the customer data. If the test result is negative (the months do not agree), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP29 in FIG. 11, whereas if the test result is positive (the months agree), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP263 at which CPU 21 compares the "day" of the data read from timer 28 with the "day of the date of birth" of the customer data. If the test result at step SP263 is negative, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP29 in FIG. 11, whereas if the test result at step SP263 is positive, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP264 at which CPU 21 test if the customer has already made a purchase today. If the test result at step SP264 is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP29 in FIG. 11, whereas if the test result at step SP264 is negative, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP27 in FIG. 11. The decision whether the customer has already made a purchase and so accepted the birthday service today or not is carried out by storing his customer number in a predetermined location.
CPU 21 reads birthday-service-message-screen image shown in FIG. 21 from screen-data file 27h, ad displays the image on primary and secondary displays 2a and 2b for a predetermined period. In addition, CPU 21 sounds a buzzer or produces computer-synthesized voices.
The clerk presents a gift (a birthday present) to the customer for whom the birthday service message is displayed.
At step SP29, CPU 21 computes and displays the customer data according to the processes shown in FIG. 22. First, at step SP291 in FIG. 22, CPU 21 computes the final price of the purchased articles by subtracting the rebate of the customer from the total price (in this case 2537), and stores the result into the final-price register. The rebate here is obtained by adding rebate A and rebate B of the customer data. Second, at steps SP292 and SP293, the amounts of rebate A and rebate B are tested whether they are zero or not. If the rebate A is not zero, for example, 300, CPU 21 proceeds from step SP292 to step SP294 at which CPU 21 clears the amount-eligible-for-rebate memory and the rebate (A) memory in customer file 27f to zero. This clearing is performed for the preparation of writing a new rebate (A) based on the current purchase (see step SP369 in FIG. 29). On the other hand, if rebate A is zero and rebate B is not zero, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP295 through steps SP292 and SP293, and clears the rebate (B) memory in customer file 27f. This clearing is performed for the preparation of writing a new rebate (B) which is a carry-over to the next purchase (see step SP297 in FIG. 22). If both the rebate A and rebate B are zero, CPU 21 directly proceeds to step SP298 through steps SP292 and SP293, and displays the total price, rebate, carry-over, and final price.
After clearing the memories at step SP294 or at step SP295, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP296 at which CPU 21 tests if the computed final price is negative or not. If the final price is negative, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP297 so as to store the absolute value of the final price (i.e., carry-over) into the carry-over register and clear the content of the final-price register. After the CPU 21 transfers the content of the carry-over register to the rebate (B) memory in customer file 27f, and proceeds to step SP298 at which CPU 21 displays the total price, rebate, carry-over, and final price on primary display 2a and secondary display 2b. When the test result at step SP296 is negative (NO), that is, when the final price is positive, CPU 21 directly proceeds to step 298, and displays the data.
FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 show examples of the display: FIG. 23 is an example when the final price is positive; while FIG. 24 is an example when the final price is negative. In the example in FIG. 23, the total price is 2537, the rebate is 300, the carry-over is , the final price is 2237. On the other hand, in the example in FIG. 24, the total price is 250, the rebate is also 250, the carry-over is 50, and the final price is 0.
The clerk decides if the rebate is zero or not by viewing the rebate of the displayed customer data. If the clerk determines that the rebate is not zero, the processing proceeds to step SP31, whereas if the rebate is zero, the processing proceeds to step SP34. In this case, since the rebate is 300, the processing proceeds to step SP31.
The clerk asks the customer if the customer desires the total rebate or a partial rebate. If the customer desires the total rebate, the processing proceeds to step SP34. In contrast, if the customer desires a partial rebate, the processing proceeds to step SP32.
The clerk enters the desired amount of rebate by operating numerical keypad 5 and the "tendered" key of function key 6. The desired amount of rebate is stored into the entered-amount register. Here, let us assume that the desired amount of rebate of the customer is 37, which is a fraction of the total price of 2537.
At step SP33, CPU 21 displays the result of the rebate according to the processes shown in FIG. 25. First, at step SP331, CPU 21 determines if the desired amount of rebate is less than the calculated rebate. In this example, since the desired amount of rebate (37) is less than the calculated rebate (300), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP332, and subtracts the desired amount of 37 from the total price of 2,537. When the resultant amount (final price of 2,500) is obtained, the content of the final-price register is updated to the final price of 2,500. Second, at step SP334, the desired amount of rebate (37) is subtracted from the calculated rebate (300). When the resultant rebate (263) is obtained, the content of the carry-over register is updated to the resultant amount (263). Then the content of the rebate (B) memory of customer file 27f and the content of the carry-over register are added, and the result of the addition is written into the rebate (B) memory. Finally, at step SP335, CPU 21 displays the total price, rebate, carry-over, and final price in primary display 2a and secondary display 2b. FIG. 26 is an example of the display. In this case, the total price is 2,537, the rebate is 37, the carry-over is 263, and the final price is 2,500. Incidentally, if the test result at step SP331 is negative, that is, if the desired amount of rebate is greater than the calculated rebate, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP333, and an error message is displayed.
The clerk informs the customer of the final price. When the clerk receives the cash from the customer, he enters the amount of cash tendered, for example, 3,000 and presses the "PRINT" key.
At step SP35, CPU 21 computes and displays the change according to the processes shown in FIG. 27. First, at step SP351, CPU 21 subtracts the final price (2,500) from the amount of cash tendered (3,000), so that the amount of change (500) is obtained. Then, at step SP352, CPU 21 displays the amount of change. FIG. 28 is an example of the display.
At step SP36, CPU 21 updates the article data in PLU file 27e and the rebate (A) data in customer file 27f on the basis of each receipt item of the current purchase according to the processes shown in FIG. 29. First, at step SP361, CPU 21 initializes receipt-data-retrieval number N to "1". Second, at step SP362, CPU 21 reads the first receipt data in receipt buffer 27d, and then reads PLU data from PLU file 27e by using PLU number in the retrieved receipt data. The PLU data includes the unit price, the total price, the total weight, and the like, of the article. Then, CPU 21 adds the price in receipt data to the total price in PLU file 27e, and also adds the total weight in receipt data to the total weight data in PLU file 27e, thereby updating the total price and the total weight in PLU file 27e.
At step 363, CPU 21 tests if the customer is a member of the store. If the test result is negative (NO), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP370, while if the test result is positive (YES), CPU 21 proceeds to step SP364. At step SP364, CPU 21 tests if the article is eligible to double rebate or not on the basis of a flag included in receipt data. If the flag is "2", CPU 21 proceeds to step SP366 and multiplies the price of the article by "2". The resultant product is a new increase in the amount eligible for rebate (A). On the other hand, if the flag is "1", CPU 21 proceeds from step SP365 to step SP367. In this case, the price of the article is a new increase in the amount eligible for rebate (A). IF the flag is "0", this means that the article is not eligible for rebate, and so CPU 21 directly proceeds from step SP365 to step SP370 without executing the processes for rebate.
After the new increase in the amount eligible for rebate is determined at step SP366 or step SP367, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP368 at which CPU 21 reads out the amount eligible for the rebate in customer file 27f, and adds the new increase in the amount eligible for rebate to the read out amount eligible for the rebate, thus obtaining the updated amount eligible for rebate, which is written into customer file 27f as the new amount eligible for the rebate.
At step SP369, CPU 21 calculates a new rebate on the basis of the new amount eligible for rebate, and writes the new rebate (rebate A) into the rebate (A) memory in customer file 27f. The rebate A can be calculated by using a fixed amount method or a fixed ratio method. According to the fixed amount method, a rebate of a fixed amount is discounted: for example, a rebate of 1,000 is discounted for every 50,000 of the amount eligible for rebate. On the other hand, according to the fixed rate method, a rebate is determined as follows: for example, when the amount eligible for rebate is less than 10,000, the rebate is 0% of the amount; when the amount eligible for rebate is more than 10,000 and less than 20,000, the rebate is 1% of the amount; and when the amount eligible for rebate is more than 20,000, the rebate is 2% of the amount. At step SP370, CPU 21 tests if the number N is the last number or not. If the number N is the last number, CPU 21 terminates the update processes of step SP36. On the other hand, if the number N is not the last number, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP371 to increment the number N by "1", and returns to step SP362 so as to repeat the processes above on the next receipt data. The processes above is repeated until the last number is reached, thus completing the updating processes at step SP36.
At step SP37, CPU 21 prints a receipt according to the processes shown in FIG. 30. First, at step SP372 in FIG. 30, CPU initializes the retrieval number N of receipt data to "1". Second, at step SP373, CPU 21 reads out the first receipt data in receipt buffer 27d, and transfers the article data such as "article name", "weight", and "price" in the receipt data to print buffer 27c in order to print the article data on receipt paper by means of thermal printer 8. When printing has been completed, the article data in receipt buffer 27d is cleared. At step 374, CPU 21 tests if the retrieval number N is the last number or not: if the retrieval number is the last number, CPU 21 terminates the printing process at step SP37; on the other hand, if the retrieval number N is not the last number, CPU 21 increments the retrieval number by "1" at step SP375, and returns to step SP373. Thus, the processes above are repeated with regard to the next receipt data until the last data is reached. When the last data is reached at step SP374, CPU 21 proceeds to step SP376 and transfers "total price", "rebate", "cash tendered", "change" and "customer name" to print buffer 27c, so that these data are printed out on a receipt paper by means of thermal printer 8. FIG. 31 shows a printed example at step SP376.
The clerk hands the customer the change and receipt. Thus, all the processes are completed.
According to the embodiment, a desired amount of rebate less the possible amount of the customer's rebate can be specified by the customer so that the desired amount is discounted from the total price of the current purchase. For example, the customer can specify the amount of rebate equal to the fraction of the price. Thus, the clerk as well as the customer can be freed from the tedious handling of small change, thereby speeding up the sale. Moreover, if the total price is less than the potential rebate, the total price can be rebated.
(a) In addition to rebate A which is calculated from the total price eligible for rebate of the current purchase, the carry-over of 50 is stored as rebate B as in the embodiment above. This makes it possible to record rebate B in its original form.
(b) Rebate A need not be stored if the total price eligible for rebate is stored as in (a) above.
(c) Instead of storing rebates A and B, the sum total of rebates A and B may be stored.
The embodiment above stores rebate A and rebate B in addition to the total price eligible for rebate. This makes it possible to display or print these three items without calculation, facilitating the display or printing.
(1) Although the amount eligible for rebate in the above embodiment does not include the total price of the articles eligible for rebate of the current purchase, the total price of the articles eligible for rebate of the current purchase can be added to the amount eligible for rebate. For example, if the amount eligible for rebate as far as the last purchase is 49,000, and the total price of the articles eligible for rebate of the current purchase is 1,200, the rebate of the current purchase can be calculated on the basis of the sum of these amount, i.e., 50,200.
(2) Although the remaining rebate is stored as the carry-over o the current purchase in the embodiment, the carry-over can be converted into the amount eligible for rebate, which is stored in the memory.
(3) In the above embodiment, from the view point of service, the articles are categorized into three classes: non-rebate articles, regular rebate articles, and double rebate articles. However these categories are not limited to the three classes. For example, three-times-rebate articles can be included. Incidentally, articles which by law may not be rebated belong to the class of non-rebate articles.
(4) In the above embodiment, non-rebate periods in which the rebate service is not performed are not provided for. However, non-rebate periods or rebate periods can be provided so that the rebate is carried out only during the rebate period.
(5) Although, a customer number is entered by using a bar-code card in the above embodiment, a customer number can be entered by using other means: for example, by using an IC (Integrated Circuit) card, or a magnetic card; or by using a keyboard or voice print.
(6) Although the embodiment above is described in the case where the invention is applied to an electronic scale, the invention can be applied to other apparatuses such as terminals of an ECR (Electronic Cash Register) or a POS (Point Of Sale) system, or an automatic vending system. Moreover, the invention can be applied to such systems which have a master apparatus having data managing and calculating functions, and slave terminals connected to the master apparatus, and in which the master apparatus calculates the data transmitted from the slave terminals.
(7) In the above embodiment, updating of the article data in the PLU file and the customer data in the customer file is executed when a receipt is printed. This makes it possible to avoid the correction of the contents of the PLU file and the customer file even if some articles or portions thereof are refused because the customer decides this has been an over-purchase when the total price is displayed. However, updating of the article data and the customer data can be performed when the receipt data are stored into the receipt buffer.
Accordingly, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
updating means for updating said storing means on the basis of said desired discount and said total price of the articles eligible for discount of the current purchase, wherein a remaining discount is obtained by subtracting said desired discount from said potential customer discount in order to obtain a new potential customer discount which is stored in said storing means for use by said customer at the time of a next purchase.
2. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said storing means includes a primary location in which a primary discount based on said total price of the articles eligible for discount of the purchases including the current purchase is stored, and a secondary location in which a secondary discount based on the carry-over from the previous purchase is stored.
3. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising price-look-up means in which article data are stored according to price-look-up numbers corresponding to each article, said price-look-up means includes flags each of which corresponds to one of the articles, and indicates the grade of discount of the article.
4. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said flag indicates that the article is a non-discount article, a regular discount article, or a double discount article.
5. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 3 further comprising weighing means for measuring the weight of the article, and means for calculating the price of the article by multiplying the weight of the article by the unit price of the article, said unit price being included in said article data.
6. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said display means is a double screen display having two screens which are provided back to back for displaying in opposite directions, such that said double screen display displays the final price of the current purchase as well as the rebate on both screens.
7. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said customer-identification data is a customer number recorded on a membership card.
8. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said primary input means for entering customer-identification data is a bar-code reader which is detachable from said sales-data-processing apparatus.
9. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising customer-file means including telephone numbers of the customers, wherein said customer-identification data is the telephone number of the customer entered from said input means.
10. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising customer-file means including birth dates of the customers, timer means producing date data, and means for comparing said birth date of the customer with the date data to determine if the day of the purchase is the customer's birthday, and making said display means display a birthday message if the day is the birthday of the customer.
11. A sales-data-processing apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising printing means which prints at least the total price of the current purchase, rebate, and the final price of the current purchase.


text:
NOT a December 31st list
Since I'm not one to wax nostalgic at the end of a year or one to ascribe more to the date December 31 than the fact that tomorrow will be January 1, this will not be a year end round up, look back, best of, worst of, or any other kind of list. Promise. Rather than looking back as an opportunity to summarize and categorize, I thought I would take the opportunity to post a few comments on things I saw that slipped through the cracks. These were artists, events, and exhibitions that I had intended to write about, but, what with my usual procrastination, the moment seemed to pass. So now, in no particular order, some cool stuff I neglected to comment on in 2008:
I fell in love with a little Hungarian book I found at Mai Manö, the Hungarian House of Photography in Budapest, that shows the studio stamps of Hungarian photo studios from 1883 forward. You can look at the cover and order it (in Forints) here, and you can look at the kind of thing you'll find inside by looking here. There isn't a single photo in the book, only the backs of photos, but I love it. It really captures some essence of an age when photo studios were in full bloom. The designs of many of them are Deco or Nouveau, quite ornate and beautiful. The ISBN is: 9789638661845
Also from Budapest is a small book of the postcards of Lenke Szilagyi, published by my friend Attila Pöcze from Vintage Gallery. Mail art was a common thread for artists in the newly open East in the 80s. Ms Szilagyi sent dozens of unique photos glued onto common postcard stock bought cheaply at the post office to friends in Hungary and abroad. It's a remarkably personal and beautiful book. It deserves a show of its own as Ms Szilagyi deserves wider recognition in the West. I believe she would have had a career at least as well-known as her fellow countrywoman Syvia Plachy if she had come west as Ms Plachy did. There are many books available. Check her out. Here's the cover of the postcards book, "Single Lens":
In Berlin at Art Forum I was intrigued by the work of Veronika Kellndorfer at Christopher Grimes Gallery. Ms Kellndorfer explores modernist architecture in an innovative way. She silkscreens her images onto very large panes of glass. The effect is to be actually inside of what she is photographing and looking out into the world. Because the work is on glass, it's highly reflective so you see your own image and the reflection of the room you are in as well as the "vista" the artist represents. As trompe-l'œil it's completely effective and beguiling. I also found its commentary on perspective and space to be satisfying. Whether these are a fair exchange for the challenges of owning such large, fragile work remains a question for me. They are very much worth seeing. Here are a few installation shots from the gallery, though the full effect is of course lost in a photo for work like this. It's interesting to note that the first two pictures are opaque while the second pair are translucent. If you focus, you'll see that in the second two you're actually looking through the glass into the aisle behind the booth:
Also during Art Forum, Sarah Oppenheimer had a fab exhibition of her mind-bending, form bending, wood bending sculptures at Duve Gallery. I raved about her work at a group show over the summer at the Mattress Factory in Pittsburgh. This new show didn't disappoint either. An artist to watch.
In Paris during Paris Photo there was an exhibition that was one of the year's best for me. It was called, "Academia, Qui-es-tu?". It was assembled/curated by Axel Vervoordt. Readers of this blog will remember how ecstatic I was over an exhibition in Venice during the biennial called Artempo also curated by Mr. Vervoordt. It turns out that the Paris show is part two of a planned trilogy of which Artempo was part 1. The web site for the exhibition and where you can purchase the catalogue is here. Like the Venice show, this exhibition was presented without wall labels, without text, and without preface. A visitor is handed an exhibition list when you walk in so, if you so desire, you can find out what you're looking at. Otherwise, you are invited to simply look. Simply look??!! Wow, what a concept.
The work on display was, like Venice, a range of styles spread across centuries. Without curatorial guidance, my mind was able to plumb connections, to create connections, and to wander creatively amid a throng of artistic ideas. It was bliss. Mind you, a show like this could easily go wrong. It could have been just a mish-mosh of work and styles thrown together with the hope that there was a connecting thread. For me this was not the case. For example, an Ad Reihardt painting with its cruciform structure was next to 18th century, rectilinear bas-relief. In front of the brooding, sepulchral Reinhardt was an actual sarcophagus. I found these relationships to echo off each other beautifully.
Here, a fabulous Anish Kapoor "monument" amid monuments:
Boltanski et al:
A timeless tableau of work in stone with a detail of the contemporary example by Renato Nicolodi:
The final third of the trilogy will be at the Venice Biennial next year. Don't miss it.
I saw an unforgettable installation in Bratislava by the Slovak artist, Matej Krén. Titled "Passage", it creates an infinity of books in a space that feels lost in time. Apparently it's been seen in the US, but clearly deserves wider recognition. Some installation views and close-ups:
Looking up:
The show in which I saw this was an overview of contemporary Slovak art. There was quite a bit of first rate work. Clearly this country deserves to be seen more on the international stage.
Last. a few shots of a public art work/art creation in Budapest; a large camera obscura project right on one of the main streets. Public Art Fund take note, this would be a fantastic project for New York.
Thank you to all of my readers in 2008. My number of hits grew substantially this year. I am grateful to you all. More to come in 2009. It's 11:49 as I type this last period. I snuck this last post in just under the wire!
Posted by Evan Mirapaul at 9:34 PM 1 comment:
Baer-Ridgway and last Miami thoughts
I find it impossible to chart any degree of consistency of quality in the fairs from year to year. It seems that one year Aqua is good but Scope is bad; the next year Scope is great and Pulse is bad. I'm hard pressed to think of a Miami fair that was consistently exciting over 3 straight years. Lat year I thought that Aqua was really running into problems. They had expanded into two fairs -- the original one in the hotel on South beach and new one in Wynnwood. Pulse, too, last year was a major loser for me. (I know these ratings are highly subjective. Many friends disagreed with me about Pulse last year). But I found both fairs did a major turnaround in 2008. Pulse had consistently fine work from many good galleries, and Aqua seemed to have made a case for why they needed two venues.
Last year I thought that there were just too many satellites. If only a few of the fairs could contract, it would make for fewer but better fairs. Aqua was high on my list for being in need of this edit. But lo and behold, this year it was again a very strong fair. I'm always impressed with what Gallery Joe brings from Philadelphia, and my friend Gail Gibson had a strong booth from Seattle. Tom Robertello's gallery from Chicago is also a sleeper hit with fine contributions every year. At the South beach site, Paul Kopeikin was displaying his solid program while Eleanor Harwood from San Francisco had the intriguing and obsessive work of Jill Sylvia. All worth a look.
The best new "find" for me was Baer Ridgway Exhibitions from San Francisco. They have a new portfolio based on the theme of a bridge curated by Jens Hoffmann that is just flat out first-rate. It's a steal if you figure the price per photo, and the work included is fabulous. I was particularly taken with the work of Simryn Gill, Luisa Lambri, and Tim Lee. Look here to see photos of all 1o images in the portfolio. If you've got the scratch in these hard times, I think it would be tough to find a better deal than this one. Also, the non-photographic editions by Margie Livingston and Jeffrey Simmons are pretty great, too. An auspicious start for a new gallery.
That's it for Miami from me. I'll be curious to see how the scene is manifested next year after a tough financial year.
Posted by Evan Mirapaul at 10:13 PM No comments:
Creative Destruction at Miami/Basel 08
Establishing a taxonomy for my Creative Destruction (CD) idea has been challenging. What is the simple definition of destruction? How is the art I include different from collage? If the artist is not intending to represent the idea of destruction, is it still destruction if I see it that way?
These ideas were all vying for attention as I looked at the work of the following three artists while I was in Miami. The first artist, Tim Hyde, was perhaps my favorite artistically, but the most problematic in terms of including him in CD. One could certainly argue that Mr. Hyde simply engages in classical collage technique. I'm not so sure. I think two factors argue for his inclusion in my CD category. First is his surgical precision in slicing then repositioning his photos into a seamless construction. This means he is taking multiple photographs of a scene expressly to cut them so they will fit into a deconstructed scene. Second, I think the fact that he is playing with time and space by using multiple shots of the same locale gives me the idea that he is slicing his work in his head even as he is taking the picture -- i.e. there is no intention for the photograph to ever remain whole. It will be "destroyed" in order to be used creatively in the whole. I think this is a key distinction. The pristine object is created in ORDER to be taken apart. It is not found or included whole.
On an artistic level, I am very taken with this work. I love how his constructions make ordinary space sculptural and how it bends the time/space parameters of a two dimensional object. He shows at Max Protech in NYC. Here are a few examples.
Next up for debate in my mind was Roberto Pellegrinuzzi showing at Pierre -François Ouellette Art Contemporain. Mr. Pellegrinuzzi makes images by layering bits of information on multiple layers of plexi or glass. It's unclear to me whether the image starts its life as a whole photograph which he then slices down to bits a reconstructs in a multi-layered form. If that is indeed his process, well, I'm sold that he's solidly in the CD camp. If his process is somehow more arcane than that or if he "paints" with bits of film in order to create an image, then I would say the art is still fascinating but it maybe doesn't quite fit in CD. The few images I saw were lovely, complex and beguiling. I'm told that he has a diverse and interesting practice that includes large-scale installations. Worth taking a look especially because Pierre-François runs a fine gallery with a top, top program. Here is an example that is not terribly elucidating. It's tough work to represent in a photo:
Same image in a slightly raking view:
The last artist I'll discuss in this post was the easiest from a taxonomic point of view. The fact that his images are cut, torn, and finally sewn back together with thread are an easy call for inclusion in CD. His name is Germán Gómez. He was showing at Galería Fernando Pradilla. Mr. Gómez' work frequently explores homosexual themes, especially as that relates to outsider status, legal status, and gays' relationship to the church. In the work that is explicitly CD, he usually uses multiple models whose parts are cut and torn then sewn back together as one figure. The sexual and human metaphors are obvious but I find the work quite successful.
Laurent Horacio Bert de la Serie Compuestos, 2004
Claudio Guillermo Antonio Jose de la Serie Compuestos, 2004.
In a series called "Registered and Tattooed", he photographs men he has known that have been tattooed with some idea from Gómez' life. Then, a police dossier is created which shows the man with the tattoo as an identifying (and, perhaps, prosecutorial) device. The relationship between the personal world of homosexual love relationships and how the law sees them is bleakly portrayed. Strong work.
So my search for an all-inclusive definition of Creative Destruction continues. The important thing for me is that the process of sorting it out leads me to interesting and compelling work. As always, I invite your thoughts and suggestions.
Ernst Caramelle at Tracey Williams
Photography (Greek "drawing with light" from photos = light, and graphis = stylus, paintbrush or graphê = representation by means of lines, drawing)
There's a fabulous show at Tracey Williams, Ltd Gallery through December 23rd. The artist is Ernst Caramelle. In the ground floor gallery space are works that, while not made with a camera or with photo paper, are definitely photographic in the sense of the Greek roots of the word. Mr. Caramelle leaves colored paper out and exposed to the sun for years at a time. I assume he uses a variety of shapes and stencils to achieve the geometries and spatial effects we see in the work. They are photograms is some very basic way without using paper that has a layer of photosensitive chemical salts on the surface. The work brought to mind a combination of 1830's printing out prints that used sunlight to limn leaves and bugs with the subtleties of Morandi still lifes with their amazing use of liminal color. I was prepped to expect good things by a number of positive reviews, but the work still surprised me in its complexity and beauty. Isn't it amazing what complexity and simple loveliness can still be wrought with the most basic of materials. Don't miss this.
ERNST CARAMELLE
TRACY WILLIAMS, Ltd.
313 West 4 Street
Miami/Basel 08 Overview
I'm just back from this year's edition of Miami/Basel and its galaxy of satellite fairs. I was really torn whether to go again this year. The fact that I really don't like the Art Basel brand (as evidenced by my rant this time last year), combined with the tanking economy made me think twice. I decided on a resolutely unglamorous approach to the whole thing; I avoided all opening nights and went to none of the parties or bling fests. I have to say the whole thing went down much easier by missing all that social climbing fluff. I got to concentrate on the art and I cut down on my antacid intake.
As usual, my oases of art pleasure were at the Margulies Warehouse and the warehouse that Pierogi/Feldman/Hales rents in Wynnwood. I have nothing really new to report from either venue, but anyone who misses either on a trip to Miami/Basel is missing an essential core of satisfying art.
I spent very little time in the belly of the beast at the convention center. I don't know why I have such a visceral reaction to the mood of this fair, but I do hate it. So this year, I just gave up and left. The only thing I'll say is to complain about their petty, ineffective ban of cameras at the entrance. If you are unlucky enough to confess that you have a camera with you, you are forced to leave it at the coat check. Of course, once inside, EVERYONE has a camera. There are camera phones, IPod cameras, credit card sized cameras, cameras, cameras, cameras. What on earth is management enforcing by inconveniencing the few folks who get caught? Gallery Owners: Is this really such a great fair? You get charged big, big numbers to come to a place where we all get treated badly. I don't have schadenfreude for the galleries doing badly in this economy, but I wish Art Basel would feel more of the pain. Of course, they get their money up front.
All right. Enough rant. On a positive note, the Art Positions in the containers on the beach were really good this year. Renwick Gallery presented Jose Davila's transformation of one of the containers into a Donald Judd-inspired stack. Smart and beautiful:
Gallery Iris Kadel had a wonderfully integrated, visually engaging container devoted to Mathias Bitzer with work inspired by Joseph Conrad.
Salvador Diaz Gallery had "jewelry" by Teresa Margolles that had been crafted from the shards of glass left after revenge shootings between rival gangs. Bling Nature Morte.
My favorite was a Sean Raspet video being shown in the container of Daniel Reich Gallery. The video was great (though defying my descriptive powers), but what made it most remarkable was the presentation. The container was structured so that you were forced to watch the video one person at a time. YES! It has been a peeve of mine for the longest time that video presentation in an unstructured environment does a disservice to the viewer and to the artist. Finally an artist has seized the control of this experience and mandated that you will see it beginning to end, in a private space, with no distractions. It was wonderful. I was happy to wait 15 minutes for this privilege. More artists should do the same.
At Photo Miami, Bruce Silverstein had the most compelling Aaron Siskind installation I've seen. On 2 facing walls he had sets of 9 photographs. One set was found abstractions from walls and the other had a set from "Pleasure and Terrors of Levitation". The wall separating them had four photographs showing a transition from the figurative to the abstract in Siskind's work. It was a persuasive argument. Though I have been a Siskind fan for years, I had not seen his work grouped this way before and I found it illuminating. Robert Mann had a similar set of "Pleasures and Terrors" in his booth at Pulse, but it lacked the curatorial stamp of this larger tableau:
Wilde Gallery from Berlin was at Art Miami and had more of the great spraypaint on cardboard works by EVOL I commented on from Berliner Liste a few months ago. Art Miami was overall a very strong fair once again with a strong showing of South American Op-Art sculpture.
TZR Gallery from Düsseldorf had the constructed/staged work of Jasper de Beijer at Photo Miami. I was quite taken with his work. On display were examples from his series "The Riveted Kingdom" which deals with slavery and colonization. Like many other artists who make staged work, Mr. de Beijer creates that which is unavailable to be photographed. But his visual syntax is unlike anyone's that I've seen. His portraits especially are haunting masks of people we can't meet. Here are two views which give a glimpse of his working method:
Detail of same shot:
I'm curious why I'm so drawn to his work when I'm so uninspired by similar work by Sarah Anne Johnson and others of this ilk. Perhaps it's because his subject matter is more universal or perhaps because he maintains his visual style rather than artificially moving back and forth between the staged and simple photographs. I don't know. More thought required but I encourage you to go to the TZR website and look at other work. I don't think it's been seen much in the US.
Overall, Scope was the least interesting fair to me. One exception (there were others) was at Invisible Exports. I was excited to see the work of Mickey Smith who has photographed bound magazine runs in public libraries. The embossed titles on leather-bound volumes were playful yet full of layered intention. One could respond to the work as a typology, as an archive of an archive, as a nostalgic peek at bygone titles, or perhaps even a riff on repeated words in a linguistic circle. There was in any case plenty to find in the work to merit a second look. I'd love to see more.
More to come from Miami.....
Apologies for laziness
I've gotten hopelessly behind in posting from my recent travels. Apologies for not keeping up. I'll skip ahead to Miami/Basel in the next few days and then backtrack to a few last highlights of Paris and Slovakia. Stick with me please! More to come......


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Houston Endowment, Inc.
Houston, TX | http://www.houstonendowment.org
FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED 2018-12-31:
Assets: $1,858,161,055
Total Giving: $66,817,537
Support primarily for nonprofit organizations and educational institutions that improve life for the people of the greater Houston, TX area. Funding for programs in the arts, community enhancement, education, health, human services, the environment and neighborhood development.
funded (10)
Providing Health Care to Those In Need
Publisher(s): Community Health Clinics in Harris County
A New Measure of Educational Success in Texas
Publisher(s): National Center for Higher Education Management Systems
Forks in the Road: The Many Paths of Arts Alumni
Publisher(s): Strategic National Arts Alumni Project
Life After Prison: Tracking the Experiences of Male Prisoners Returning to Chicago, Cleveland, and Houston
Publisher(s): Urban Institute
Women on the Outside: Understanding the Experiences of Female Prisoners Returning to Houston, Texas
When Relatives Return: Interviews With Family Members of Returning Prisoners in Houston, Texas
Prisoner Reentry in Houston: Community Perspectives
Health and Prisoner Reentry: How Physical, Mental, and Substance Abuse Conditions Shape the Process of Reintegration
Bays in Peril: A Forecast for Freshwater Flows to Texas Estuaries
Publisher(s): National Wildlife Federation
Investing in Creativity: A Study of the Support Structure for U.S. Artists
Houston Endowment 2012 Annual Report
Publisher(s): Houston Endowment, Inc.


text:
Q: String array initialization as constructor parameter In Java, it is completely legal to initialize a String array in the following way:
String[] s = {"FOO", "BAR"};

However, when trying to instantiate a class that takes a String array as a parameter, the following piece of code is NOT allowed:
Test t = new Test({"test"});

But this works again:
Test t = new Test(new String[] {"test"});

Can someone explain why this is?

A: Because Type[] x = { ... } is an initialization syntax for arrays. The { ... } is interpreted in a specific way only in that specific context.

A: String[] s = {"FOO", "BAR"};

this is allowed at declaration time only
You can't
String[] s;
s={"FOO", "BAR"};

A: For you want a simple way to pass a String array, I suggest you use varargs
class Test {
   public Test(String...args);
}

// same as new Test(new String[] { "test", "one" })
Test t = new Test("test", "one");


text:
This I Believe – I believe in yearbook September 28, 2016
September 28, 2016 / Copywriting / Spotlight
This I Believe – I believe in yearbook
A writing assignment for an AP Literature class turned into a heartfelt essay about the meaning of yearbook.
Emily Fogleman spent three years on the yearbook staff at Southern Alamance High School in Graham, North Carolina, serving as editor-in-chief in 2016, her senior year. Last spring, her AP Literature class was assigned to write an essay in the style of National Public Radio's "This I Believe." Emily chose to write about yearbook.
Among the things Emily wrote in her essay (which you can see above), she said she made several close friendships and gained a mentor. On the last day of school, the AP Lit teacher gave the essay to Lynn Bare, yearbook adviser. Bare still tears up thinking about it.
Bare described Emily as a reserved person and excellent writer who signed up for yearbook to write. But students on the Southerner staff have to work on every aspect of yearbook.
"Yearbook forced her out of her comfort zone from taking pictures in front of crowds, to interviewing people to selling ads, especially selling ads. She struggled with that piece but by senior year, she did a great job with that too," Bare said.
"When she worked with her peers and had to give constructive criticism, she was much nicer than I because of her calm nature."
Bare is starting her 23rd year of advising yearbook. She said she has received a few letters, even a few notes on the backs of exams, from seniors when they graduate, or an email once they are in college and are applying the skills they learned in yearbook. Sometimes she runs into them, and they thank her for what she taught in yearbook.
"I get as much from the kids as they get from me and sometimes I feel like I get more than they do. They are like an extension of my family," she said.


text:
Tropidosteptes canadensis är en insektsart som beskrevs av Van Duzee 1912. Tropidosteptes canadensis ingår i släktet Tropidosteptes och familjen ängsskinnbaggar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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Ängsskinnbaggar
canadensis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia