Dr. Robert C. Wilson grew up in Winchester, where he spent 12 years in the public school system. Throughout high school he was very active in both sports and the music program. As a violinist, he had the privilege of playing in the Greater Boston Youth Symphony Orchestra for 4 years. He performed in concerts at Symphony Hall, Carnegie Hall, and at the White House for President John Kennedy. Dr. Wilson attended Yankton College and received a BS Degree in biological science. In addition to his studies in college, Dr. Wilson performed in the college orchestra and was a place kicker for the football team. Dr. Wilson went on to attend the Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine in Cleveland for his dental training. Upon completion of his dental training at Case Western Reserve University, Dr. Wilson attended the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine to receive his Specialty Certificate in Orthodontics. After graduation, he returned to Winchester and in 1976 joined in the practice of orthodontics with his father, the late William L. Wilson, D.M.D.
In 1976, Dr. Wilson and his father began the development of the Wilson® 3D® Modular Orthodontic System that is used throughout the world today. They co-authored three orthodontic textbooks and wrote many articles on the system. The system consists of 10 different fixed/removable orthodontic appliances that provide exceptional efficiency and flexibility with treatment mechanics. Dr. Wilson has given hundreds of orthodontic lectures, seminars, and workshops on the system throughout the United States and the world. Dr. Wilson is also an Assistant Clinical Professor of Orthodontics at the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine in Boston where he has taught for many years. Dr. Wilson is an active member of the American Dental Association, the Massachusetts Dental Society, and the American Association of Orthodontists.
Dr. Wilson's passion extends beyond the practice of orthodontics. He is extensively involved in the community he serves. You will find him at many local sporting events, musicals, and community activities. You can often catch him dressing up as a Crest toothpaste tube, making balloon animals, or telling a joke or a story. He is a man of the community that loves doing what he does best, making people smile!


text:
Q: How to know file name of sockets or pipes in /proc/[pid]/fd In Android, #ls -l 15843/fd gives following output,
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 90 -> socket:[193728]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 91 -> socket:[193729]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 92 -> socket:[192748]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 93 -> socket:[193730]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 94 -> socket:[193440]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 95 -> socket:[192749]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 96 -> socket:[192750]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 97 -> socket:[192751]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 98 -> socket:[193441]
lrwx------ u0_a179  u0_a179           2015-05-28 11:58 99 -> socket:[193442]

Now i tried #readlink /proc/15843/fd/99 but it prints socket:[193442] same again.  Also tried #grep 193442 /proc/net/unix it prints following,
 00000000: 00000003 00000000 00000000 0001 03 193442
Now, how to get the file name from this socket inode ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


At long last, there's been a breakthrough in international trade talks between the USA and China.
Leaders of both countries are claiming this 90 day "cease fire" as a win for their respective administrations. The stock markets are going wild!
In the meantime in Paris, we can see shocking images rolling in from the popular protests known as "Gilets Jaunes" the Yellow Vests. Parisians are seemingly upset that their Prime Minister increased taxes on fuel while removing the wealth tax. This has yet to influence market moods but is worth watching.
Yes, the Asian session has been fantastic. The European stocks are on the up too. But it all started with futures markets, which opened last night with a sizable gap up.
Here we can see the Dow Jones, where the difference between the closing price on Friday and the opening price on Sunday night was more than 400 points. For reference, the blue circle is the Dow's all-time high.
The currency markets confirm that the markets are optimistic. As you can see, the safe haven currencies are sinking today.
Another thing that many people were watching going into the G20 was the meeting between Vladimir Putin and Crown Prince Mohamed Bin Salman, who did come together and agree on a renewed effort to curb oil output.
Details of the plan are still pretty thin but we can almost certainly expect this line of discussion to continue throughout the week as OPEC meets in Vienna this Thursday and Friday. Even though the United States has upped their output recently, the cartel still holds plenty of power over the prices.
As far as the price is concerned, we now find ourselves in the range from $50 to $60 a barrel, and well below the 200 day average.


Archive with tag: disney princess coloring pages cinderella to print | Necrocomiccon Princess Coloring Pages.
collection of galleries from Coloring like Princess Coloring Pages. and other designs you might like Moana Coloring Pages. Dinosaur Coloring Pages. Princess Coloring Pages. Flower Coloring Pages. Thanksgiving Coloring Pages. Easter Coloring Pages. Printable Coloring Pages.


text:
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A black and white photo of an informal group of golfers at the Maynard Country Club, ca 1940-1950. The individuals are not identified.
"Maynard Country Club - ca 1948," Maynard Historical Society Archives, accessed April 23, 2019, http://collection.maynardhistory.org/items/show/6605.


text:
Year : 2016 | Volume : 4 | Issue : 1 | Page : 1-6
An evaluation of postoperative pain relief in open hemorrhoidectomy with and without lateral sphincterotomy
Aaron Marian Fernandes, Leo Francis Tauro
Department of General Surgery, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Aaron Marian Fernandes
Department of General Surgery, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore - 575 002, Karnataka
Background: Hemorrhoids are a common human disease for which the best option available for the surgical management has remained conventional open hemorrhoidectomy. The most common complication of open hemorrhoidectomy is postoperative pain caused by spasm of the internal sphincter. Lateral sphincterotomy is a commonly performed procedure for relieving spasm and pain. Hence, we decided to evaluate whether addition of lateral sphincterotomy along with hemorrhoidectomy can help in the postoperative pain relief. Aim: Comparison of postoperative pain after hemorrhoidectomy with and without lateral internal sphincterotomy. Settings and Design: This was a prospective study conducted between November 2013 and December 2015 on 102 consenting patients who chose conventional open hemorrhoidectomy after obtaining an ethical clearance for the study. Subjects and Methods: The patients were randomized into two groups using the lottery method. Group A in addition to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy received lateral internal sphincterotomy. In Group B, only conventional open hemorrhoidectomy was performed. Pain assessment was done on the day - 0, 1, 2, and 7, respectively, by visual analog scale. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-squared test (two-tailed) and a P < 0.005 was considered statistically significant. Results: On assessment of pain on the day - 0, 1, 2, and 7, respectively, by visual analog scale; we found statistically significant pain relief in the group whom lateral sphincterotomy was added. Conclusions: In this study, we conclude that in conventional open hemorrhoidectomy for 2 nd degree hemorrhoids addition of lateral sphincterotomy is an effective, convenient, and simple way to reduce the postoperative pain.
Keywords: Hemorrhoidectomy, lateral sphincterotomy, pain
Fernandes AM, Tauro LF. An evaluation of postoperative pain relief in open hemorrhoidectomy with and without lateral sphincterotomy. Saudi Surg J 2016;4:1-6
Fernandes AM, Tauro LF. An evaluation of postoperative pain relief in open hemorrhoidectomy with and without lateral sphincterotomy. Saudi Surg J [serial online] 2016 [cited 2021 Jan 18];4:1-6. Available from: https://www.saudisurgj.org/text.asp?2016/4/1/1/181807
Hemorrhoids are common human afflictions since the dawn of history. Since the time, he assumed the upright position which leads to enormous pain, discomfort, and reduced quality of life. Many advances have occurred in the treatment of hemorrhoids recently, yet open hemorrhoidectomy remains the main stay of surgical therapy for hemorrhoids worldwide. Postoperative pain is one of the most common complications of conventional open hemorrhoidectomy. Lateral internal sphincterotomy is commonly used procedure for relieving spasm and pain in fissure in ano. [1] In our study, we decided to evaluate the postoperative pain relief in open hemorrhoidectomy with and without lateral sphincterotomy.
This was a prospective study conducted at Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India between November 2013 and December 2015, after obtaining an ethical clearance for the study.
Patients who were chosen were explained of the various options available for the treatment of hemorrhoids along with their advantages and disadvantages, and they were allowed to choose the line of treatment they preferred. One hundred and two patients who choose conventional open hemorrhoidectomy as the treatment modality were included in the study.
All consenting patients who were symptomatic for 2 nd degree hemorrhoids were chosen by purposive sampling technique after they met the predefined criteria.
Patients who had undergone prior intervention for hemorrhoids
Patients on evaluation found to have pathological hemorrhoids or bleeding tendencies
History and clinical examination and who were not fit for anesthesia
Patients who have neurological disorders, renal and liver dysfunction.
Age between 20 and 60 years
Available for follow-up.
Patients were prepared for the procedure as follows. Patients were kept nil per oral for a minimum period of 6 h before surgery. Mechanical bowel cleansing was done using two phosphate enemas before the planned surgery, one at night and the other at the morning of surgery. A third generation cephalosporin along with intravenous doses of metronidazole was given an hour before and 6 h after the procedure followed by a course of oral antibiotics for a period of 5 days.
The patients were randomized into two groups using lottery methods. Group A in addition to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy received lateral sphincterotomy. In Group B, only conventional open hemorrhoidectomy was performed.
Following the procedure hemostasis was confirmed, if any bleeding points were noted, they were controlled using cautery. Postoperatively, analgesic was given only if the patient had pain. Diclofenac 50 mg intramuscular preparation was used for analgesia, no analgesic was used for discomfort; following 3 h of intensive care in a high dependency postoperative ward patient was shifted to the ward.
Pain assessment was done on the day - 0, 1, 2, and 7, respectively, by visual analog scale which included scoring 0 to 10 [Figure 1].
Figure 1: Pain assessment scale
No pain: 00-01score
Mild annoying pain: 02-03 score
Nagging uncomfortable pain: 03-04 score
Distressing miserable pain: 04-05 score
Intense, dreadful, horrible pain: 06-07 score
Worst, excruciating, unbearable pain: 07-08 score
Severe pain: 09-10 score.
Patients were given sitz bath twice daily, and syrup lactulose 20 ml twice daily was used as a stool softener. Patients were discharged 48-72 h after the procedure if there were no complications occurred and were prescribed lactulose 20 ml twice daily along with sitz bath twice daily and a course of oral antibiotics until return of normal bowel function and they were stable with stool softeners. They were asked to review after a week for follow-up.
Observation and results
In our study, we found the following results:
The test group in whom in addition to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy received lateral sphincterotomy had statistically significant lesser pain during the postoperative period with a Chi-squared test (two-tailed) and P < 0.0001 on day-0 [Table 1] and [Figure 2].
Figure 2: Pain severity on the first postoperative day
Table 1: Pain severity on the first postoperative day
The test group in whom in addition to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy received lateral sphincterotomy had statistically significant lesser pain during the postoperative period with Chi-squared (two-tailed) and P < 0.0001 on day-1 [Table 2] and [Figure 3].
Figure 3: Pain severity on the second postoperative day
Table 2: Pain severity on the second postoperative day
The test group in whom in addition to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy received lateral sphincterotomy had statistically significant lesser pain during the postoperative period with Chi-squared (two-tailed) and P < 0.0001 day-2 at the time of discharge, there was no difference in the pain perception in the group A on day-1 and day-2 [Table 3] and [Figure 4].
Table 3: Pain severity on the third postoperative day
The test group in whom in addition to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy received lateral sphincterotomy had lesser pain during the postoperative period on day-7 at the time of follow-up [Table 4] and [Figure 5].
Figure 5: Pain severity on the seventh postoperative day
Table 4: Pain severity on the seventh postoperative day
Hemorrhoids are one of the oldest and most common problems which have been tormenting humanity since the beginning of history. [2] Studies done at the Mayo Clinic as early as 1960 recorded the prevalence of 52% in a large series of patients examined proctoscopically suggesting that the incidence of patients suffering from hemorrhoids is quite significant. [3] Pain is "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage." [4] "Pain is what the patient says it is, and exists whenever the patient says it does." [5] Postoperative pain is usually attributed to conventional open hemorrhoidectomy as an unpleasant experience of the surgery. Assessment of pain can be a simple and straightforward task when dealing with acute pain and pain as a symptom of trauma or disease. Open hemorrhoidectomy remains the mainstay of surgical therapy for hemorrhoids worldwide. [6]
Postoperative pain is sequelae of conventional open hemorrhoidectomy, which is the main drawback of hemorrhoidectomy, especially in the 1 st postoperative week. [7] High anal canal pressure, especially in the younger patients was documented in studies related to patients with hemorrhoids. [8],[9],[10] Anal canal pressure remains mostly higher in younger patients due to tight internal sphincter (high tone) than the older people. Postoperative pain is attributed to the spasm of the internal sphincter that is exposed after open hemorrhoidectomy, especially in younger patients with higher anal tone. [11],[12]
Over the decade, several authors have reported a significant reduction of postoperative pain for conventional open hemorrhoidectomy and decrease in associated complications which was achieved by adding an internal sphincterotomy to hemorrhoidectomy. [12] A study done by Asfar et al. [13] reported that the routine performance of internal sphincterotomy through one of the hemorrhoidectomy wounds significantly reduces posthemorrhoidectomy pain and associated complications. Addition of internal sphincterotomy was found to be a suitable procedure to reduce posthemorrhoidectomy pain, but it is not totally devoid of transient complications in early postoperative period. It is more useful in young patients with higher anal pressure.
In our study, we evaluated 102 cases of which the most common age group suffering from hemorrhoids was 45-50 years followed by 35-40 years with 42 cases and 39 cases, respectively. In the cases treated all were primary 2 nd degree hemorrhoids, males had a higher incidence with the ratio being 1.83 with 66 males 36 females. The mean duration of hospital stay was 3.75 days (postoperatively) with the duration ranging from a minimum of 2 days to 7 days. Apart from postoperative pain, the most common complication was urinary retention which was seen in 7 males and 1 female. All males who had postoperative urinary retention were above 50 years.
In our study, we found that in patients who had an addition of lateral internal sphincterotomy to open hemorrhoidectomy, there was a lesser need for analgesia throughout the postoperative period as shown by the pain scales.
Das et al. [14] evaluated 50 patients (38 male, 12 female) aged between 24 and 50 years who were treated for 3 rd and 4 th degree hemorrhoids in a prospective randomized study. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group I (control group) were subjected to classical open hemorrhoidectomy and Group II (study group) were subjected to classical open hemorrhoidectomy along with a lateral internal sphincterotomy. They concluded that internal sphincterotomy can be safely added to hemorrhoidectomy, especially for younger patients to reduce the agonizing postoperative pain and associated complications.
A study by Galizia et al. [15] evaluated 42 consecutive patients with prolapsed pile. Forty-two patients were randomized: Group I (n = 22) patients underwent hemorrhoidectomy plus lateral internal sphincterotomy; Group II (n = 20) patients underwent hemorrhoidectomy alone justified by anorectal manometry. The study concluded that the addition of lateral internal sphincterotomy to hemorrhoidectomy seems to improves postoperative course related to symptoms of postoperative pain and associated complications.
Kanellos et al. [11] evaluated 78 patients with 4 th degree hemorrhoids and were divided into two groups. Patients from Group I underwent Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. Patients from Group II, quite apart from Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy, underwent lateral internal sphincterotomy up to the dentate line. The results of the study showed that after the first bowel movement, there were 3 (7.7%) patients who did not experience any pain in the internal sphincterotomy group, while in the noninternal sphincterotomy group, all patients experienced mild or moderate pain.
Diana et al. [16] studied 699 patients with II Grade, III Grade, IV Grade hemorrhoids with 16, 464, and 219 patients, respectively, and found that lateral internal sphincterotomy reduces pain significantly only in the first postoperative period, but not in the medium- and long-term follow-up. The comparison of our findings with other studies is mentioned in [Table 5].
Table 5: Comparison of our findings with other studies
Addition of lateral internal sphincterotomy decreased postoperative pain and also reduced the need for postoperative analgesia in a significant number of patients.
Hence, through this study, we concluded that in conventional open hemorrhoidectomy for 2 nd degree hemorrhoids, addition of lateral internal sphincterotomy is an effective, convenient, and simple way to reduce the postoperative pain.
To all the unit heads of the surgical units for supporting in conducting the study
To the administration of the institution for allowing to conduct the study
To the anesthesia and general residence for their prompt services whenever required.
Liratzopoulos N, Efremidou EI, Papageorgiou MS, Kouklakis G, Moschos J, Manolas KJ, et al. Lateral subcutaneous internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissure: Our experience. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2006;15:143-7.
Buie LA. Practical Proctology. Vol. 2. Springfield: Charles C Thomas; 1960. p. 737-40.
Welling DR, Wolff BG, Dozois RR. Piles of defeat. Napoleon at Waterloo. Dis Colon Rectum 1988;31:303-5.
Teunissen SC, Wesker W, Kruitwagen C, de Haes HC, Voest EE, de Graeff A. Symptom prevalence in patients with incurable cancer: A systematic review. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007;34:94-104.
Bajwa ZH, Warfield CA. Overview of Cancer Pain; 2007.
Agbo SP. Surgical management of hemorrhoids. J Surg Tech Case Rep 2011;3:68-75.
Allen-Mersh TG, Mann CV. Open haemorrhoidectomy (ST Mark's ligation/excision method). In: Fielding LP, editor. Operative Surgery. Surgery of the Colon, Rectum & Anus. 5 th ed. London: Butterworth Heinemann Ltd.; 1993. p. 789-96.
Schouten WR, van Vroonhoven TJ. Lateral internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of hemorrhoids. A clinical and manometric study. Dis Colon Rectum 1986;29:869-72.
Favetta U, Amato A, Interisano A, Pescatori M. Clinical, manometric and sonographic assessment of the anal sphincters. A comparative prospective study. Int J Colorectal Dis 1996;11:163-6.
Mathai V, Ong BC, Ho YH. Randomized controlled trial of lateral internal sphincterotomy with haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Surg 1996;83:380-2.
Kanellos I, Zacharakis E, Christoforidis E, Angelopoulos S, Kanellos D, Pramateftakis MG, et al. Usefulness of lateral internal sphincterotomy in reducing postoperative pain after open hemorrhoidectomy. World J Surg 2005;29:464-8.
Khubchandani IT. Internal sphincterotomy with hemorrhoidectomy does not relieve pain: A prospective, randomized study. Dis Colon Rectum 2002;45:1452-7.
Asfar SK, Juma TH, Ala-Edeen T. Hemorrhoidectomy and sphincterotomy. A prospective study comparing the effectiveness of anal stretch and sphincterotomy in reducing pain after hemorrhoidectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 1988;31:181-5.
Das DK, Choudhury UC, Lim ZS. Effectiveness of internal sphincterotomy in reducing post open hemorrhoidectomy pain: A randomized comparative clinical study. Int J Collab Res Intern Med Public Health 2013;5:428-33.
Galizia G, Lieto E, Imperatore V, Pelosio L, Castellano P. The usefulness of lateral internal sphincterotomy combined with hemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of hemorrhoids: A randomized prospective study. G Chir 2000;21:127-34.
Diana G, Guercio G, Cudia B, Ricotta C. Internal sphincterotomy reduces postoperative pain after Milligan Morgan haemorrhoidectomy. BMC Surg 2009;9:16.
[Figure 1], [Figure 2], [Figure 3], [Figure 4], [Figure 5]
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4], [Table 5]
Fernandes AM
Tauro LF
lateral sphincterotomy


I was searching for a Property and found this listing (MLS® #317674). Please send me more information regarding 433 Kingsbridge Rd, Madison, Mississippi, 39110. Thank you!
I'd like to request a showing of 433 Kingsbridge Rd, Madison, Mississippi, 39110 (MLS® #317674). Thank you!


Anyone want to make a game ?
Thread: Anyone want to make a game ?
Figured this would be the best forum to ask. I can do anything art related, modelling, texturing, animating, menus, icons etc.
But i cant code :C, so is there anyone out there want to make a basic game ? great oppotunity for someone learning code to practice .
Re: Anyone want to make a game ?
Depending on what it'd actually be like I wouldn't mind doing it. I only have experience with flash, so it'd probably have to be 2d (or pseudo-3d with prerendered sprites).
Actually I've been meaning to ask you something like this for a while.
I need a modeller/texturer for a Single Player HL2 mod Yadda and I are making.
Can you animate 3D too?
I can with 3Ds max, but I think I cant do it because Im not good in making the models.
I can but i dont have any eamples, most of my animations are only for me C:, i mkae and delete.
But yeah skype how far in ideawork do we have for you prject ? and Niall we could do prerednered sprites .
We have the basic idea, we have 2 mappers, and WereZ is also helping out. What we need to do is develop our idea and hopefully get a few more experienced Hammer coders in.
You up for the job?
And niall you still wanna do a 2d platofrmer. ?


Having gone through various permutations and lineups over its years together, Chicago's The Gunshy has always rallied around frontman Matt Arbogast. Having used the moniker since 2002, Arbogast has amassed a large body of work, and on October 23 The Gunshy will throw a new 7-inch on the pile. Coming via Sleep Recordings, the new EP At 35 is the first release since the band's fifth album Silent Songs, and the first with The Gunshy's current lineup. The A.V. Club is premiering the video for "Content Man" below, which sees Arbogast swearing off all those daily adult beverages and vowing to live a little cleaner and simpler.
Pre-orders for At 35 are available now through Sleep Recordings' webstore. Downloads of the 7-inch come with a bonus compilation featuring tracks from other artists that have recorded at Arbogast's studio, including Andrew Jackson Jihad, Cheap Girls, and more.
Nov. 13—The Exchange—Hot Springs, Ar.


The amazing new GY750 combines a super fast response 3 axis gyro and governor into one tiny and lightweight unit. Developed as the perfect system for the increasingly popular flybarless helicopters, the GY750 has 3D and F3C modes and is also compatible with Futaba's S-Bus system, reducing the on-board radio size and weight still further. Utilising an OLED display for improved brightness and contrast, there are both Basic and Expert editing menus, and the software is updateable via a CIU-2 USB adapter.


If you are a new user and you would like to start using DeltaSpike, you can have a look at the Documentation and subscribe our mailing list for users. If you have troubles to find the information you are looking for, you can also ask in our IRC-Channel.
Furthermore, you can check our mail-archives.
Before you file a ticket in our Jira, please ask on the mailing list if it's a known issue in case of a bug or if there is an ongoing discussion in case of a feature.
Everybody is welcome to get involved with our community. You can find general information at http://apache.org/foundation/getinvolved.html and http://apache.org/foundation/how-it-works.html. The following sections provides some details about the different levels of getting involved.
If you want to contribute with DeltaSpike Documentation, please read the instructions about the Documentation that adresses how to contribute, render and publish it.
Before you get a committer you have to contribute to our effort. E.g. you can help users, participate in discussions on the dev list, submit patches,… . Therefore, it's essential to file a/n ICLA or CCLA and send it to secretary at apache dot org (or fax it) as early as possible.
If you would like to submit a patch through Jira, you can have a look at the suggested approach.
Here is the contributors/committers page: Contributors.
Before you read this section, please ensure that you have read the contributor section. All of you are welcome to join our development effort. Subscribe our mailing list for developers and start contributing and help users.
Optionally subscribe our mailing list for commits.
Further details are available at http://www.apache.org/dev/.
Any kind of issue has to be filed in our issue-tracker. If you have any question, you can ask us (e.g. via the mailing list for users).
If you are new to IRC you can use the pre-configures web-client you can find here.


Boiling down the amount of articles each week. It fascinates me how many articles I see are still "alarmist" of nature, and are not about solutions… Anyway, good news for US pension funds: ESG factors can now be fully integrated (where it adds to risk/return profile) without violating their fiduciary duty. And the Dutch Central Bank is doing a review of ESG practices. Also, take a breath before voicing your opinion and start thinking about your 2016 training goals. Enjoy this week's edition and see you next week.
This is what I like to see: sustainability as a driving force in innovation. Nike and a Dutch company worked together to create Flyknit, which reduced water demand by 100-150 liters of water (26-40 gallons), reduced dyeing time by 40% and energy use by 60%, and reduced the factory footprint needed for production by 25%. Yes! More of this please.
While last week, the US government finally said that taking Environmental, Social and Governance topics into account while investing was not a crime, the Dutch Central Bank went a step further and decided to launch a review if pension funds are actually looking at the risks associated with climate change, water scarcity etc.
This is basically a piece about clean energy financing. It is fascinating to read that clean energy financing in developing countries almost equals that in developed countries. After the cleantech bubble of 2008, will institutional investors dare to enter again?
"Give it five minutes" In a world pressed for time, we tend to jump to conclusions. Hey when was the last time you really thought about the background of why somebody did something before formulating your own opinion? Jason Fried shares his realization in this article. Short read, but food for thought.
Hmm thinking about cycling goals for next year. An external push is always great. I like to automize things so I dont need to spend time thinking on them. An annual training plan sounds good in that regard. Anybody using Trainingpeaks?


Presently we need to pay All Over once more. Eat Sleep Warrior Cats Repeat. Also, do the physical again and do the meeting again and after that what at that point? what is their choice going to be? the equivalent? or on the other hand will they say this Visa is conceded. this is the reason we require You and your better half Melina to assist us with movement.


Makai Ocean Engineering, Inc. made multiple new sales of its popular software for route engineering, installation planning, and real-time lay control of subsea cables.
A screenshot of MakaiPlan being used for a cable route engineering study, showing a cable route near Maui, Hawaii.
… And multiple MakaiPlan licenses were purchased by other consultants.
Unlike other GIS software, Makai provides our clients with a comprehensive set of software tools and training that span the entire cable project, from inception to installation.
MakaiPlan is the world's #1 cable route planning and engineering software, with over 300 licenses sold over the last 14 years.
MakaiPlan Pro is powerful and precise 3D, dynamic simulation software used to identify installation risks and prepare a detailed installation plan before ever going to sea.
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WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. (AP) — A Florida judge abruptly retired after calling a black defense attorney "a gorilla" during a court hearing.
Public Defender Carey Haughwout tells the Palm Beach Post that Judge Peter Evans uttered the word so quickly and innocuously that Assistant Public Defender Sheldon Graves didn't even hear it.
An unidentified person reported the slur to Chief Circuit Judge Krista Marx, who listened to a tape of the six-minute hearing where Evans refers to Graves as "the other gorilla defense counsel."
Marx tells the newspaper that Evans was contrite when they discussed it, and both recognized the slur as "a career-ender." He retired Aug. 17.
Evans, who is white, was the lone judge in a predominantly black community. He had planned to retire when his term ended in January.


text:
From the Nation of France: TSN Reporter 'Mountain man BOB' sends exclusive live footage of the 2020 'Saint Laurent de Cerdans bearfest'
The Saint-Laurent bearfest has been going for many bear years and is based on age old traditions. In the past, the young men
If you like sensitive piano pop with a grand film score quality check out up and coming artist Calton Kelly – New single out now 'Chaos'
Calton Kelly is influenced by classic film scores and artists like Lana Del Rey, Muse, Radiohead, Tori Amos, Metric, Lady Gaga, Queen, Sia
From the nations of Scotland and Canada–Dubai Based The Boxtones deliver a timeless rock anthem 'Against The Odds'
The Boxtones are a Scottish/Canadian 5 piece award winning band based in Dubai and signed to Universal Music MENA. The band consists of:
MICHAEL BUBLE' SHARES GOOD NEWS REGARDING SON NOAH
New York City, February 3, 2017 – Singer Michael Buble' and his wife actress Luisana Lopilato released the following statement on their social
Kiss, Ozzy Osbourne and Korn to play Toyota Park
Chicago Open Air Festival 2017 has made its first announcement and it is MASSIVE! Kiss, Ozzy Osbourne and Korn have all been confirmed
George Michael's partner slept in car night of star's death
George Michael's partner Fadi Fawaz has confirmed that he wasn't present when the singer-songwriter died on Christmas Day. The music icon passed away
JereMaya – Everything About You– from the nation of U.A.E
JereMaya is an Abu Dhabi, U.A.E born entertainer. JereMaya has played with a numerous number bands and has travelled around Europe and Asia
The Charlatans Roundhouse, Chalk Farm–Review
Formed in the West Midlands, a frontman from Cheshire and with a vast association with the Madchester scene, The Charlatans roots are
RISING UK POP STAR MRJ TEAMS UP WITH HITMAKERS TO RELEASE NEW SINGLE "WATER"
MRJ a.k.a Matthew Russell Jones is a pop Singer/Songwriter originally from Lincoln and based in Camden, London, UK. He launched his career performing
Enrique Iglesias took home five gongs at the Latin American Music Awards
Enrique Iglesias took home five gongs at the Latin American Music Awards on Thursday night (06Oct16). The 41-year-old singer was the big


text:
L'Opus Spiritus Sancti (letteralmente in italiano opera dello Spirito Santo; sigla O.S.S.) è un'organizzazione cattolica originaria della Germania.

Storia
Le origini del movimento risalgono al 1949, quando Wilhelm Kempf, vescovo di Limburg (in Assia), affidò al suo vicario, il sacerdote Bernhard Bendel (1908-1980) un gruppo di laici di Mammolshain, presso Königstein im Taunus, desiderosi di dedicarsi all'apostolato in forma comunitaria.

Il sodalizio, che prese il nome di Opus Spiritus Sancti, conobbe un rapido sviluppo: il 21 aprile 1950 tre donne appartenenti all'associazione decisero di abbracciare la vita religiosa, dando origine al primo ramo di quello che sarebbe presto diventato un vasto movimento.

Organizzazione
L'Opus Spiritus Sancti è un movimento che comprende cinque rami autonomi tra loro ma che operano in stretta connessione:
 una società di vita apostolica femminile di diritto diocesano, sorta nel 1950;
 un istituto secolare femminile di diritto diocesano, sorto nel 1951 e riconosciuto nel 1977;
 un'associazione di laici non consacrati, fondata nel 1953;
 un istituto secolare clericale di diritto diocesano, fondato nel 1954, composto da sacerdoti incardinati nelle diocesi in cui operano;
 una società clericale di vita apostolica di diritto diocesano, fondata nel 1974, i cui membri sono incardinati nella società stessa.

Nel 2001 è stato eletto all'episcopato il primo presbitero della società di vita apostolica dell'Opus Spiritus Sancti: Ludovic Minde, eletto vescovo di Kahama.

Diffusione
Le comunità dell'Opus Spiritus Sancti sono presenti in Germania, Stati Uniti d'America, Africa (Tanzania, Malawi, Kenya, Sudafrica, Uganda), India e Filippine.

Bibliografia
A. Faller, in Dizionario degli istituti di perfezione, vol. VI, Milano, Edizioni paoline, 1980, coll. 762-763.

Comunità e istituti di perfezione cattolici

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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We had our entire interior of our house painted. The quote they gave was the best of 5 different bids. They were on time and completed the job in the alloted timeframe. The work is fantastic. Would highly recommend.
Recently had the exterior of our two story home painted by this company. We are very pleased with the work and the attention to detail. Curtious and response to questions and requests. Would definitely recommend them to anyone and would use them again. Very happy with the results.
We could not be more pleased with our experience. Gilbert's Painting repainted our home's exterior and replaced an exterior door. Everyone from the owner ****** Gilbert to the rest of his team was very courteous, professional, and thorough. Their prices were very reasonable, and the job was even completed early. We would definitely recommend them.
We hired Gilberts Painting LLC to paint the exterior of our house, and gates. I can't say enough good things about their work ethic, how considerate they were to myself and my family, professionalism, the list goes on. They took no shortcuts, the proof is in their work - don't believe it? Go look at a house they've painted. The pricing was fair, there were no surprises. I have already recommended Gilberts Painting to friends and family, and will continue to do so. I wouldn't hesistate to use them again.


text:
Prathin Pattabongse (Thai: ; * um 1940) ist eine thailändische Badmintonspielerin.

Karriere
Prathin Pattabongse siegte in ihrer Heimat 1961 bei den thailändischen Meisterschaften im Dameneinzel und im Mixed gemeinsam mit Channarong Ratanaseangsuang. 1962 gewann sie die Singapur Open, 1963 die offen ausgetragenen nationalen Meisterschaften von Singapur. Bei der Badminton-Asienmeisterschaft 1962 erkämpfte sie sich Silber im Mixed, bei den Asienspielen des gleichen Jahres Bronze mit dem Team.

Sportliche Erfolge

Referenzen
http://web.archive.org/web/20120116085512/http://www.badmintonthai.or.th/passrecord_ms.html

Badmintonspieler (Thailand)
Teilnehmer an den Asienspielen (Thailand)
Thailändischer Meister (Badminton)
Thailänder
Geboren im 20. Jahrhundert
Frau
Singapurischer Meister (Badminton)


text:
La phallolysine, anciennement appelée phalline, est une hémolysine toxique.

Origine
La phallolysine est une mycotoxine, isolée chez le champignon Amanita phalloides. Il s'agit du mélange de deux ou trois protéines de structure similaire, ayant chacune une masse atomique de . Elle ne fait partie d'aucune des deux grandes catégories de mycotoxines de l'amanite phalloïde, amatoxines et phallotoxines.

Action
La phallolysine a démontré in vitro une action hémolytique.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Mycotoxine
Protéine


text:
Q: mysql result conversion to pivot table with php    products(prod_id, prod_name,...)
   attribute_key(attr_key_id, attr_name)
   attributes_values(attr_val_id, attr_key_id, value)
   product_attr_values(id,product_id,attr_val_id)

I have defined MYSQL result as an array definition. The problem is i have to
  concatenate same attribute with different values for the same product with
  comma(;). But i can get result without concatenating it. Help appreciated.
$shop = Array
(
"0" => Array
    (
        "id" => 9,
        "prodname" => 'Ramkinkar Baij',
        "attribute_name" => 'Author',
        "value" => 'sabsyasachi das'
    ),

"1" => Array
    (
        "id" => 10,
        "prodname" => 'Ramkinkar Baij',
        "attribute_name" => 'Author',
        "value" => 'Ela Datta'
    ),

"2" => Array
    (
        "id" => 11,
        "prodname" => 'Ramkinkar Baij',
        "attribute_name" => 'Editor',
        "value" => 'Sathi Basu'
    ),

"3" => Array
    (
        "id" => 12,
        "prodname" => 'Ramkinkar Baij',
        "attribute_name" => 'Editor',
        "value" => 'Radha Prasad Gupta'
    ),

"4" => Array
    (
        "id" => 13,
        "prodname" => 'Ramkinkar Baij',
        "attribute_name" => 'Place_of_Publication',
        "value" => 'Panagarh, Burdwan, West Bengal'
    ),

"5" => Array
    (
        "id" => 14,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Author',
        "value" => 'sabsyasachi das'
    ),

"6" => Array
    (
        "id" => 15,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Author',
        "value" => 'Ela Datta'
    ),

"7" => Array
    (
        "id" => 16,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Translated_by',
        "value" => 'partha dasgupta'
    ),

"8" => Array
    (
        "id" => 17,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Editor',
        "value" => 'Bandana Mukhopadhay'
    ),

"9" => Array
    (
        "id" => 18,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Editor',
        "value" => 'Sathi Basu'
    ),

"10" => Array
    (
        "id" => 19,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Translated_Title',
        "value" => '(Second World Telugu Conference, 1981)'
    ),

"11" => Array
    (
        "id" => 20,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Place_of_Publication',
        "value" => 'Hyderabad'
    ),

"12" => Array
    (
        "id" => 21,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Foreword',
        "value" => 'Information on Government organisations of Art and Culture in Andhra Pradesh'
    ),

"13" => Array
    (
        "id" => 22,
        "prodname" => 'Rendava Prapancha Telugu Mahasabhalu, 1981',
        "attribute_name" => 'Descriptive_Tags',
        "value" => 'Conference, Language'
    )

);

$groups = array();

foreach($shop as $key => $array){
//$type is not necessary, it's just for clarity below
$product = $array['prodname'];

if( !isset($groups[$product]) ){
    $groups[$product] = array();
    $groups[$product]['prod'] = $array['prodname'];
}

$groups[$product][$array["attribute_name"]] = $array['value'];

}
//then combine the groups into a master array
$out = array();
foreach($groups as $g){
$out[] = $g;
}
echo '
'. print_r($out, true).'
';
print "
";
//print_r($groups);
print "
";

A: Use MySQLs GROUP BY and GROUP_CONCAT functions.
SELECT prod_name, GROUP_CONCAT(CONCAT(attr_name, ': ', value) SEPARATOR ', ') AS attributes FROM [your tables and joins] GROUP BY prod_id


text:
Visits-2022
La Cantina Santadi
Since 1960, vini fatti con arte.
A history of the territory, Carignano and people
The Santadi Winery came into being in1960, when a group of grape growers, coordinated by ETFAS, the Land Reform Board of Sardinia, joined forces to set up a cooperative winemaking and marketing business. The place was – and is – Santadi, south-western Sardinia, in the heart of the Sulcis district.
Up to the 1980s, the Winery confined its activity to producing and selling bulk wine, only making a few half-hearted attempts at bottling.
A leap of faith was needed, and it came in the mid 1970s, when a new Board of Directors took office, headed by Antonello Pilloni (who remains the Chairman to this date). The new team saw that a change of tack was needed, and lost no time in securing the assistance of the internationally famous oenologist Giacomo Tachis who soon grew to love this land took the future of the Winery to heart. Under his guidance, the quality of the Santadi wines skyrocketed, securing them a breakthrough in the main markets, which immediately recognised their outstanding quality and strong identity.
Since then, the only direction has been upwards, as the Santadi wines continue to spread and reap appreciation worldwide. A success story made possible by the whole team, which includes the grape growers, directors, marketing staff and all winery workers, forming a reservoir of expertise that is an asset for the whole territory.
The pursuit of quality continued: a modern functional test lab was built, the winemaking section, the barrique cellar and the packaged product warehouse were upgraded, and a series of vat tanks were added. Environmental considerations were also taken into account by adding a photovoltaic plant and a modern wastewater treatment plant.
We continued to work with passion and professional skill to sustain and continue to perfect the quality of our wines, maintain existing markets and expand in new ones. Consumers throughout the world came to appreciate Santadi wines. This was also a time for reaping the fruits of the work done, and for the Winery to enjoy increasing recognition.
More space was needed to make top level wines. The Winery building was once more enlarged, by adding a new winemaking area with refrigerated steel tanks, a new barrique cellar (linked to the existing one) and a new bottling line area.
Spurred on by the first successes, the Winery team embarked on more structural improvements and major investments, including further Winery expansion and the purchase of state-of-the-art equipment. A barrique cellar was constructed, together with a bottling line sector and a warehouse for bottled and packaged wine ready for shipping. In parallel, the original portion of the Winery, built in the 1960s, was refurbished.
The new Board of Directors assisted by oenologist Giacomo Tachis overhauled operations in both the vineyards and the Winery. The focus was placed on selecting quality grapes and producing high-level wines. The first extension works were carried out, adding a new winemaking sector equipped with insulated and refrigerated stainless steel tanks.
The deed establishing the Santadi Winemaking Cooperative was signed on 24 October 1960 in the office of Notary Francesco Vacca. Then came the construction works, including the glass-lined cement vats. Grapes started to be brought in and wine started to be produced and sold in bulk.
Since 1960, vini fatti con arte
Ancient and evocative territory, where ancient mountain and emerald sea coexist
A company in which men are decisive
2019 © Cantina Santadi - Via Giacomo Tachis, 14 - 09010 Santadi SU - p.iva 00281830927
We use cookies to ensure the best experience on our website. Continuing browsing, you accept the use.Accept Refuse Informations


Master Sergeant William Boyce Hodges, United States Marine Corps, retired.
Born: January 22, 1920; Tocopola, Mississippi Died: August 1, 1992; Arlington, Virginia Graduated Basic Training: December 1937; Paris Island, South Carolina. Retired from USMC: 1957.
Laid to Rest: August 3, 1992; Section 1, Gave 209c Arlington National Cemetery, with Full Honors (& bagpipes).
The most dishonorable thing I feel in my life was not being able to wear the dress uniform of the U.S. Navy, or U.S. Marine Corps, when my fathers internment flag was presented to my mother and I. The only way I feel to regain that honor is to stand before my fathers grave some morning, lay a wreath at his tombstone and be in the full dress uniform of either the U.S. Navy, or the U.S. Marine Corps, then draw my saber to salute, step back and yell OOOrah!
More information will be added as it is located.


It's safe to say Eevee has been one of the most sought after Pokemon since the launch of Pokemon Go! This is due to the fact that Eevee has 3 different evolutions (in this version) it can evolve from in it's base form. Some people want Jolteon, others prefer Flareon, and for some reason there are Vaporeon fans out there. If you're having trouble getting the evolution you want from your Eevee, Reddit may be able to help.
Before you haul off and start calling BS, a TON of people are confirming that this is legit!
It makes me wonder if Niantic put any other nods to the anime in this game! CAN I FIND A TALKING MEOWTH?!


text:
It Takes a Team
Hello Live Music Fans: You know, pulling together a Six String event takes a team and that team might be bigger than you think. The obvious team members are the musicians and the concert goers who make each show unique and special. But behind every successful show are some of the following: Agents Managers Publicists Sound techs Lighting techs Videographers
Jon Shain & Wyatt Easterling with FJ Ventre – Friday – April 13, 2018 The Cary Theater
April 13, 2018 1744
Hello Live Music Fans: Our next show features a couple of nationally recognized and touring musicians who happen to live right here in the Triangle. Jon Shain and Wyatt Easterling will be splitting the bill this Friday, April 13, 2018 at The Cary Theater. Joining both performers for each of their sets is bass player and vocalist extraordinaire, FJ Ventre.
The Abraham Jam. April 7, 2018 – 8pm
April 7, 2018 1726
Hello Live Music Fans: Abraham Jam, which is composed of Billy Jonas, David LaMotte, and Dawud Wharnsby, features three highly talented and experienced singer songwriters. Each have performed extensively over the last few decades, collectively performing over 10,000 concerts all over the world, putting out over thirty albums along the way. On April 7, they are returning to the Triangle to share
An Evening with Michelle Malone at The Cary Theater. Jason Adamo Opens. March 9, 2018 – 8pm
March 9, 2018 1708
Hello Live Music Fans: Our next show is March 9, 2018 at The Cary Theater when we present sultry and bluesy Michelle Malone in her first visit back to The Six String in over 12 years. It all starts at 8pm so don't miss it. This will be an entertaining and rockin' evening with one of the most experienced and recognized musicians on
Claire Holley at The Cary Theater. Eliot Bronson opens. Feb 23, 2018 – 8pm
February 23, 2018 1686
Hello Live Music Fans: Our next show is February 23, 2018 at The Cary Theater when Claire Holley returns "back home" for an evening of beautiful music and entertainment. It all starts at 8pm when recently signed recording artist Eliot Bronson opens. This will be a spectacular and entertaining evening with some of our most popular musicians on tour. Tickets will go
Michael Reno Harrell & Dana Cooper Jan 13, 2018 @The Cary Theater
January 13, 2018 1692
Hello Live Music Fans: We kick off 2018 with Six String favorites, Michael Reno Harrell and Dana Cooper, on Jan 13, 2018 at The Cary Theater. These two troubadours have been singing songs and telling stories internationally for many years and they always put on an entertaining show. This is a spectacular and entertaining evening with some of the most
Jonathan Byrd & The Pickup Cowboy with Corin Raymond – 12/9/17 at The Cary Theater
December 9, 2017 1646
Hello Live Music Fans: We'll be winding up 2017 with our annual show featuring local favorite and internationally touring singer-songwriter Jonathan Byrd and The Pickup Cowboy along with Canada's Corin Raymond on Saturday, December 9, 2017 at The Cary Theater. This is a spectacular and entertaining evening with some of the most popular performers touring on the Americana circuit. Tickets
The Ultimate Johnny Cash Tribute – 2 Nights – 11/24-25/17 at The Cary Theater
November 25, 2017 1711
Hello Live Music Fans: The Johnny Cash Show was a television music variety show hosted by Johnny Cash from June 7, 1969 to March 31, 1971 on ABC; it was taped at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee. Now Six String Presents and The Johnny Folsom 4 bring the show to the newly renovated 1940's Cary Theater for 2 nights
Pre-Turkey Day Benefit Jam 11/11/17 at The Cary Theater
Hello Live Music Fans: Annual Pre-Turkey Day Jam Hosted by Jon Shain – November 11, 2017 Each year Jon Shain and Six String Presents get together to raise money for local charities around the Thanksgiving Day Holiday. This year's show will be on Saturday, November 11, 2017 starting at 8pm at the beautiful Cary Theater in downtown Cary. ALL proceeds from
Six String Presents Buster Keaton's "Steamboat Bill Jr" featuring Free Planet Radio in Concert
November 3, 2017 1673
Hello Live Music and Movie Fans: This is our second show with The Cary Theater where we show a movie from the silent film era while a band performs their unique interpretation of the soundtrack LIVE during the movie. Following the movie the band, Free Planet Radio, will perform a concert. It all happens Friday, Nov 3, 2017 at 8pm. Tickets
Six String Presents on Facebook
Six String Presents
David Olney at The Cary Theater featuring John Carlson - https://mailchi.mp/a0ac937133de/for-immediate-release-claire-holley-the-cary-theatre-1281313 ... See MoreSee Less
Six String Presents updated their cover photo.
Catch tonight's show live streaming at www.concertwindow.com/sixstringpresents 8pm ... See MoreSee Less
Thank you Town of Cary, all the musicians and, of course, the Triangle music fans for a great 5 year run so far. Come on out to see Claire Holley this Friday July 12, 2019. Read about Claire here https://carycitizen.com/2019/07/08/the-cary-theaters-first-musician-returns-five-years-later/ ... See MoreSee Less
We're celebrating our 5th Anniversary Show at The Cary Theater with Claire Holley who was one of the performers on our opening night back in 2014. Claire will be touring in support of her new release, "Every Hour". Show time is 8pm, tickets and info at www.SixStringPresents.com ... See MoreSee Less
© 2015 Six String Presents. All rights reserved. Website by The Marketing Machine


text:
Jean Simmons and Claire Bloom – adventures of two north London girls
Jean Simmons and Claire Bloom were born within two years of each other to families living in London just a few miles apart.
Both would sign contracts with J Arthur Rank. Both would audition to play Ophelia to Laurence Olivier's on-screen Hamlet – Jean would get the role. Both would go on to become movie stars. And both would fall for that arch-Casanova, Richard Burton.
Jean Simmons
Jean is born in 1929 and becomes one of J Arthur Rank's "well-spoken young starlets". Her big break comes when David Lean casts her as Estella in Great Expectations (1946). It's this experience that leads her to pursue an acting career more seriously:
I thought acting was just a lark, meeting all those exciting movie stars, and getting £5 a day which was lovely because we needed the money. But I figured I'd just go off and get married and have children like my mother. It was working with David Lean that convinced me to go on.
Jean Simmons as Ophelia
1947. Publicity portrait for Laurence Olivier's Hamlet.
Jean Simmons as Kanchi
1947. Jean Simmons on the set of Black Narcissus.
Jean Simmons, black hat
Around 1955. Jean Simmons' profile is beautifully set off by her broad-brimmed hat in this almost abstract portrait.
Jean Simmons, all wrapped up
Around 1955. Jean Simmons looks chic and cosy in a stylish sheepskin jacket.
Jean Simmons, fashion model
Around 1952. An image that would be a shoe-in for a Vogue editorial. Anthony Beauchamp, the photographer, was born in England and married Sarah Churchill, the actress daughter of Winston Churchill, before moving to Los Angeles, where this shot was likely taken.
The next year, she's the subject of a pitched battle between Laurence Olivier, who wants her to play Ophelia in Hamlet, and Michael Powell, who wants her for Kanchi in Black Narcissus. Michael Powell recalls:
1953. Jean Simmons lunching with Victor Mature and Richard Burton while filming The Robe.
Over Jean Simmons there was war between Larry and me, as I have already said. Messages flew to and fro between the opposing camps:
"Dear Larry, anybody can play Ophelia. I can play Ophelia. How about Bobby Helpmann? Love Micky."
"Dear Micky, how you could imagine that a typical English teenager, straight from the vicarage, can play a piece of Indian tail, beats me. I enclose a book of erotic Indian pictures to help your casting director. Love Larry."
"Dear Larry. Thanks for the book. I do my own casting, but it will come in handy for the make-up department. Micky."
"Dear Micky. Viv has read Black Narcissus. She wants to know if you are serious about Jean playing Kanchi?"
"Perfectly serious. Micky."
"Dear Micky. Arthur Rank suggests that our two production managers get together over Jean Simmons. Do you agree? Larry."
"Something is rotten in the state of Denmark. Love Micky."
In this way did the two plum parts of the year fall into Jean Simmons's luscious lap. She was lovely in both of them. I don't think that she was ever quite so good again.
In 1950, Jean Simmons marries Stewart Granger, with whom she has fallen in love on the set of Caesar and Cleopatra, but she's been spotted already by Howard Hughes, a notorious lothario. His company, RKO, buys her contract and he lays siege to her romantically and professionally. In his autobiography, Sparks Fly Upward, Stewart Granger describes a phone conversation in which Hughes propositioned Jean. On hearing Hughes say, "When are you going to get away from that goddamned husband of yours? I want to talk to you alone, honey," he grabbed the phone and shouted, "Mr Howard Bloody Hughes, you'll be sorry if you don't leave my wife alone!" For over a year, she doesn't work – she gets off lightly compared with Jane Greer, who just a few years earlier suffered a similar but more protracted fate at Hughes' hands.
Mid-1950s. Jean Simmons and Stewart Granger filming an episode of Person to Person. Read more.
At a 1952/53 New Year's Eve party, Jean is kissed by Richard Burton. And, according to Tom Rubython (And God Created Burton), one thing leads to another… The Burtons are house guests staying in a cottage in the grounds of the Grangers' sumptouous Beverley Hills mansion. Richard waits until Sybil is asleep, then creeps out to the woodshed. Silently, one by one, he moves the logs so as to squeeze through a flap at the back of the shed that provides a way to the main house, where the Grangers sleep in separate bedrooms.
Stewart is completely unaware of what ensues. Richard slinks to Jean's bedroom, pushes open the door, sweeps her into an embrace and makes love to her on a big sheepskin rug before creeping back to his still sleeping wife. And it's not a one-off. The clandestine nocturnal encounters go on for months — yet neither Richard's nor Jean's spouse ever suspects a thing.
Claire Bloom
Claire is born in 1931 and, age 10 and at the height of the Blitz, is sent to Florida to stay with her uncle. She returns two years later, having made her radio debut. She follows it up on stage age 15 and within just two years she's playing Ophelia opposite Paul Schofield and Robert Helpmann at Stratford-upon-Avon. A year later she makes her West End debut in The Lady's Not For Burning opposite the up-and-coming Richard Burton. "I thought how beautiful he was with those green eyes."
In 1950 she's contacted by Charlie Chaplin, who is looking for an English actress who is "small, dark and very young". Claire, as it turns out, bears an uncanny resemblance to his wife, Oona. She flies to New York, with her mother as a chaperone, for an audition. Four months later, she's offered the part of Theresa, a young, suicide-bent ballerina saved from despair by an aging music-hall clown (Chaplin).
Claire Bloom on board the Mauretania
1951. Claire Bloom arrives in New York on her way to film Limelight. In her memoirs she writes:
…we discovered that there was enough money in the bank for me to buy one beautiful dress to take with me to Hollywood. I went to Victor Stiebel, I bought the beautiful dress, and there in the fitting room had the first full realisation of what had happened. This time we were to travel by sea to New York and then by train to California.
Could this be that dress? Photo by W A Probst.
Claire Bloom as Theresa
1951. Publicity portrait for Charlie Chaplin's Limelight. Photo by Bob Willoughby.
Claire Bloom on set with a cat
1951. Claire Bloom runs through her script. Her friend steals the show. Or should we say the "limelight"? Photo by Leslie H Baker.
Her autobiography gives a fascinating insight into Chaplin's working methods:
When we did begin, all that meticulous rehearsing paid off – we played beautifully together. He was happy with me and I was thrilled. But then came the true test when we moved from the simple dialogues to the scene where Theresa discovers (hysterically) that she can walk again. As a young actress I had difficulty in weeping and I dreaded the scene. I knew that the tears wouldn't come when needed. The morning of the shooting, at the height of my panic, I was summoned to Chaplin's dressing room. He said he wanted to go over the scene purely for the moves and the words. "I want no emotion. Save that for the floor." I obeyed. Suddenly Chaplin was furious with me, as though I'd shattered a second mirror. "But, Mr Chaplin," I weakly protested, "I thought that was what you wanted – just a technical run-through of the scene." This remark drove Chaplin into a greater fury. "There is no such thing as technical acting, only bad acting!" I started to weep, and was steered by him onto the floor, where the crew, notified beforehand of his plan, were ready to begin filming immediately. We shot the scene in one take.
1958. Claire Bloom (right) with Vivien Leigh in a scene from Duel of Angels. Photo by Angus McBean. Read more.
It's 1954 and Claire is once again on stage with Richard Burton. She's playing Ophelia to his Hamlet at the Old Vic. William Squire, one of her co-actors, recalls in an interview shortly after Richard's death:
Richard was mad about her and wanted her, but I told him, "It's no good, Rich, she won't have you. She won't have anybody." He said, "I bet I'll have her." I said, "You won't, you know." He asked, "What do you bet?" This was a matter of his honour now. A challenge! So I said, "A pint." … It didn't take Claire long to become attracted to Richard without him doing anything. She was sitting with me in the stalls watching him rehearse on stage, and she said to me, "He is really rather marvellous, isn't he?" I knew then I'd soon be owing Rich a pint.
And Richard does indeed win his bet and take Claire's virginity:
We made love quietly in my room with my mother sleeping upstairs. Richard left me in the early morning to go back home, and I went to sleep happy and childishly thrilled that I was a "woman" at last.
Claire gives Richard the key to her house, and he often sneaks into her bedroom. Before sunrise, he goes back to his wife, Sybil, telling her he's been out drinking all night with friends. And that's not all. According to Richard, "We'd make love in our dressing rooms between the matinee and the evening performance".
In his later years, Burton told his biographer, Michael Munn, "'I only ever loved two women before Elizabeth (Taylor), Sybil was one, Claire Bloom the other."
Jean Simmons and Claire Bloom on screen
You've read the stories and looked at the pictures.
1. Black Narcissus (1947)
Jean Simmons stars as Kanchi, a dancing girl. "It is the most erotic film that I have ever made," wrote Michael Powell of Black Narcissus. "It is all done by suggestion, but eroticism is in every frame and image, from the beginning to the end." Despite the poor quality of this video, this essay – Kanchi: Sexuality in Black Narcissus – by Shalane Degruyter is well worth watching.
2 Hamlet (1948)
"Get thee to a nunnery." Hamlet's (Laurence Olivier) treatment of Ophelia (Jean Simmons) in Act 3, Scene 1 is shockingly cruel.
3. Limelight (1952)
The final scene of Claire Bloom's breakthrough movie, Limelight, in which she stars with Charlie Chaplin.
4. Look Back in Anger (1959)
Richard Burton is the original angry young man in John Osborne's ground-breaking, kitchen-sink drama. Claire Bloom and Mary Ure are his co-stars.
Now deepen your appreciation with a glimpse of both actresses on screen. Jean Simmons is wonderfully sensual as Kanchi and vulnerable as Ophelia. Claire Bloom shows her versatility, equally at home with stylized melodrama and gritty realism.
1972. Innocent abroad or on his way to an assignation? Richard Burton prowls the streets of Italy. Photo from the Lino Nanni photography agency.
Jean will go on to become one of Hollywood's most popular leading ladies. But despite a dazzling start to her career, she will rarely find roles to match the talent so many colleagues and critics recognized in her. She will divorce Stewart Granger in 1960 and marry Richard Brooks, an American screenwriter, film director, novelist and occasional film producer.
Claire will become a movie star with regular appearances on TV as well as developing a serious career on the stage. She will marry three times: to Rod Steiger, to Hillard Elkins and to Philip Roth.
In 1963 on the set of Anthony and Cleopatra, Richard will meet and fall in love with Elizabeth Taylor, another north London girl, and embark on one of the 20th century's great romantic entanglements. But that's another story.
There's plenty on all three characters in Wikipedia and IMDb. If you want to go beyond those sources and various online obituaries, it's worth getting hold of:
Claire Bloom's autobiographical Limelight and After: The Education of an Actress
Michael Mann's biography, Richard Burton – Prince of Players
Michael Powell's A Life in Movies.
Ludmilla Tchérina – a throbbing, pulsating dynamo
Short stories – for a quick break
The paparazzi – shock horror birth of a monster
Filed Under: Stars Tagged With: Claire Bloom, Howard Hughes, Jean Simmons, Laurence Olivier, Michael Powell, Richard Burton, Stewart Granger
1965. Ludmilla Tchérina makes an entrance.
Ludmilla Tchérina was a ballerina, a movie star and an artist. She was also, in the words of The Guardian, "a woman of radiant and exotic beauty."
Michael Powell, one of the greatest and most eccentric film directors of all time, waxed lyrical about her "creamy beauty and impeccable assurance." And with her jet-black hair and porcelain skin, she was a favourite subject of French society magazines.
Ludmilla Tchérina – a year of triumph and tragedy
The year is 1951: colour television is introduced to the US; Kellogg's launches Sugar Pops Cereal; The Catcher in the Rye is published; All About Eve wins the Oscar for Best Picture; The African Queen and A Streetcar Named Desire are released.
1951 also sees the world premiere of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger's extraordinary movie, The Tales of Hoffmann, in which Ludmilla Tchérina stars. The event is a grand and glittering affair at the Metropolitan Opera, NYC. All the regulars have turned out: Rockefellers, Vanderbilts and Morgans together with a galaxy of showbiz celebrities. The atmosphere is expectant as the audience waits for the movie's leading stars to take their seats for the show.
Michael Powell recalls what happens next (he uses Ludmilla's birth name, Monique, rather than her stage name):
Their disappointment [at Moira Shearer's absence] changed to enthusiasm when they saw Monique arriving on my arm. We had hired the jewels and furs, and she had been working all day on her make-up and hair. She made a late entry, of course, and she filled the auditorium when she took her place in the box which had been allocated to us. The whole audience rose to its feet to case her.
From the opening shots of the weather vanes to the final chorus in the beer cellar, the audience was stunned by the virtuosity of our production. … Monique as Giulietta had everybody turning their opera glasses on the box where she was sitting, outwardly unconscious of the sensation she was causing. Again and again, you could feel those wonderful waves of enthusiasm and admiration, which are usually only awakened in a live audience by a live performance.
Just a few months earlier, Ludmilla had called from Lyons with news of her beloved husband: "Oh, Micky, Micky, Micky…Edmond est mort…" He had died in a car accident at three o'clock in the morning on his way back to Paris:
They had been working on different films, Edmond in Monte Carlo and Monique in Barcelona. He had driven to Barcelona to spend the weekend with his wife, and had left her on Sunday evening. He had to be in Paris at the studio at noon on Monday. Monique was crying her heart out. She had turned instinctively to us, their closest friends, their guardians and benefactors. They had been riding the crest of the wave of beauty, youth and notoriety. Money was pouring in. Offers were pouring in. They were out every night. They were spending as fast as they earned. They were Tout Paris.
For Ludmilla Tchérina, 1951 is an emotional rollercoaster.
Ludmilla Tchérina – working with Powell and Pressburger
Wind the clock back four years to 1947…
Ludmilla first encounters Michael Powell when he summons her to London to audition for a part in his upcoming movie, The Red Shoes. He recalls…
The part of Irina called for an impressive young dancer, a beauty, a good-humoured, lazy slut, destined to become the wife of a rich, easy-going racehorse owner, by whom she would have three children. No more and no less.
By now, I was so convinced of my good luck that I reckoned she would turn up, and she did – in a French film starring Louis Jouvet. There she was, sluttish and lovely, twenty years old, a face to dream about, skin like the petal of a rose, eyes like twin moons, sprawling all over M. Jouvet's bed, and apparently a dancer as well, or at any rate she danced or seemed to dance in the film, none of which I remember. What a dish! I ordered it to be brought to London. She arrived with a young man as beautiful and as remarkable as she was – her husband, Edmond Audran, the grandson of the poet.
Ludmilla and Edmond are short of cash and thrilled by the offer of film work. But it's tough for Ludmilla. According to Joy Camden, a ballerina who worked with her on the film…
Tcherina did not speak English. She learned all the dialogue parrot fashion and Anton Walbrook [one of Ludmilla's co-stars] and I, who both spoke French, were the only two people with whom she could converse during the filming. During the filming of "Heart of Fire", Tcherina's toes were bleeding and her husband demanded beefsteak to put on them. Remember, we were still rationed after the war, but miraculously a piece was found because he had made such a fuss.
The Red Shoes is arguably the greatest ballet movie ever made, a contemporary review describing it as "The nearest thing to a dope-addict's dream … a brilliant wedding between Covent Garden and film craft."
The Venetian courtesan
1951. Ludmilla Tchérina sits imperiously on the set of The Tales of Hoffmann. A caption on the back of the photo reads:
Raven haired, French ballerina LUDMILLA TCHERINA stars in Act II as Hoffmann's second love, the courtesan Giulietta. Tcherina made her British film debut in "The Red Shoes." Her non-dancing role in "La Nuit S'Acheve" has just won her the Grand Prix Feminine, an award voted by the people of Vichy for the most popular actress of the year.
Photo by Robert Courtot.
The Venetian courtesan and the sorcerer
1951. Ludmilla Tchérina and Robert Helpmann in Act II of Powell and Pressburger's The Tales of Hoffmann.
Michael Powell remembers Ludmilla when he embarks on The Tales of Hoffmann three years later. He casts her as Giulietta, the smooth and slinky Venetian seductress, a role to which she is ideally suited. From his autobiography:
And the erotic splendors of Act Two, with Tcherina's urchin sensuality! … Tcherina, when going full steam as Giulietta, was like a throbbing, pulsating dynamo. I know, because I took her in my arms during the rehearsal of the big seduction scene and nearly dropped her!
She's quite a character too. Monk Gibbon, an Irish academic, poet and cultural critic, commissioned to write an accompanying book, The Tales of Hoffmann: A Study of the Film, recalls:
She had one vastly effective and disconcerting trick, that of raising her eyes for an instant to one's own in a glance of the most open and cynical understanding imaginable, then suddenly in mock modesty veiling them with her heavy lashes. I know not why it should have been so, but this action, every time it was repeated, gave me a kind of vertigo.
In fact, Michael Powell casts Ludmilla in all three of his 'art films' – The Red Shoes (art and ballet), The Tales of Hoffmann (art and music) and Oh…Rosalinda! (the art of operetta, based on Johan Strauss's Die Fledermaus), in which she displays a hitherto undiscovered talent for comedy.
Ludmilla Tchérina – becoming Ludmilla Tchérina
1954. Ludmilla Tchérina confers with designer Bill Thomas on the fabulous Empress gown she wears for palace scenes in Sign of the Pagan.
Ludmilla was born Monique Tchemerzine in Paris in 1924, her mother French, her father an exiled and impoverished Georgian prince.
She shows an early talent for ballet, studies with the foremost teachers and makes her professional début at 15. At 16 she is a star dancer at the Opéra de Marseille, where she meets Edmond Audran, who becomes more than just her stage partner.
Three years later, in 1943, the couple transfer to the Nouveaux Ballets de Monte Carlo where she is spotted by Serge Lifar, director of the Paris Opéra Ballet. He invents her stage name, Ludmilla Tchérina.
The next admirer to shape her career is Irène Lidova, an influential critic, writer on dance, and friend and benefactor of innumerable dancers and choreographers. Irène is taken both by Ludmilla's talent and her looks: "She had inherited from her Georgian father a luminous ivory complexion and the carriage of a princess." Irène persuades Ludmilla to appear in the first season of Les Ballets des Champs-Elysées, which she has set up in collaboration with the choreographer Roland Petit.
Her performances bring her to the attention of Christian Jaque, who offers her the starring role in his 1946 film Un revenant (A Lover's Return). And that is where Michael Powell first encounters her. By this time, Ludmilla has become one of the young artists associated with the rebirth of French ballet immediately after World War II. She is confident and ambitious; and, fortunately for Michael Powell, temperamentally she is more a ballerina-star than an austerely devotional ballerina.
Ludmilla Tchérina – picking up the pieces
Ludmilla is distraught at Edmond's death. For two years she refuses to dance. Finally, she meets and falls in love with Raymond Roi, a French industrialist. The couple are married in 1953 and her husband's wealth gives Ludmilla the freedom to form her own experimental dance company in 1959. The following year she becomes the first western dancer to appear at the Bolshoi theatre in Moscow.
Ludmilla Tchérina at the Galerie de Paris
1962. Ludmilla Tchérina stands on the balcony of the Galerie de Paris, where an exhibition of her gouaches, pastels and drawings is being held.
Ludmilla Tchérina, artist
1962. Ludmilla Tchérina poses in front of her artwork at the Galerie de Paris.
She also spends more time on her lifelong passion for painting and sculpture – fields in which the Paris press take her seriously. She creates several monumental sculptures, including Europe à Coeur, chosen in 1991 by the EU to symbolise the union of Europe and now located at the European Parliament. And she publishes a couple of novels around the theme of the tragedy of a dancer.
Ludmilla Tchérina at a first night
16 January 1952. Ludmilla Tchérina knows how to glam it up for a special occasion. A caption on the back of the photo explains:
TCHERINA AT BALLET RUSSE FIRST NIGHT
Ludmilla Tcherina, the ballerina, is seen in the foyer of the Adelphi Theatre, London this evening, January 16, as she arrived for the first night of the "Ballet Russe" season there. She wears a white satin dress, embroidered with diamante. Her pearl necklace holds a gold medallion.
Photo by Rabert Courtot.
Ludmilla Tchérina in Oh…Rosalinda!
1955. Ludmilla Tchérina in the costume she wears for the masked ball at the climax of Oh…Rosalinda! A caption on the back of the photo explains:
Ludmilla Tcherina as Rosalinda in the new Michael Powell - Emeric Pressburger Technicolor CinemaScope production "OH-ROSALINDA!!" Starring Michael Redgrave and Mel Ferrer, Dennis Price, Anthony Quayle, Anneliese Rothenberger, Oska Sima, Ludmilla Tcherina, Anton Walbrook.
Ludmilla Tchérina, the tragic actress of dance
1961. For her own dance company, Ludmilla Tchérina created Les Amants De Téruel, a dramatic, not to say melodramatic, ballet, which later was turned into a full-length film. According to Irène Lidova, Tchérina was subsequently proclaimed "the tragic actress of dance".
Ludmilla Tchérina, lady of mystery
1966. Ludmilla Tchérina teases and entrances as she hides behind an elaborately whimsical mask.
Ludmilla Tchérina makes an entrance
9 August 1969. Ludmilla Tchérina, in an evening gown and ostrich-feather boa, arrives at a Red Cross ball in Monaco.
Ludmilla Tchérina in L'Atlantide
1971. Ludmilla Tchérina extravagantly and exotically bedecked as Antinea for the television drama L'Atlantide.
Irène Lidova records that in her last years Ludmilla is "seen in spectacular form at theatre premieres and fashionable galas, still beautiful and elegantly dressed by the great Parisian couturiers".
11 December, 1969. Ludmilla Tchérina, accompanied by Salvador Dali, attends The Paris Lido's new show, The Grand Prix. Read more.
Michael Powell's two-volume autobiography, A Life in Movies and Million-Dollar Movie, are great primary sources. For an overview of Ludmilla's life, career and achievements, take a look at the obituaries published in The Guardian, The Independent, The New York Times and The Telegraph.
Donyale Luna – the fashion world's wayward moon-child
Monica Vitti – a sad childhood, a glittering career and a bitter old age
Princess Ira von Fürstenberg – celeb, fashion model, movie star
Filed Under: Films, Stars Tagged With: Ludmilla Tcherina, Michael Powell, The Red Shoes, The Tales of Hoffmann


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Sample Argument Essays
Assisted Suicide Forty-one year-old Peter Cinque was in the terminal stages of diabetes. He was blind, had lost both legs, and suffered from ulcers and cardiovascular problems, as well. He was being kept alive by a kidney dialysis machine. Then one day he asked his doctors to stop the treatment. As a conscious, rational adult, he had the legal right to determine what should or should not be done to his body. But the hospital authorities refused to honor this right until he had been examined by two psychiatrists to test his mental competence.
After this, the hospital obtained a court order that required him to continue with dialysis treatments. A few days later, Mr. Cimque stopped breathing. He had suffered from brain damage and was in a coma. Only after this and two court hearings in the hospital that he was finally permitted to exercise his constitutional right of self-determination (Ogg 61).
What an unfortunate incident. Mr. Cinque was forced to prolong his suffering due to a lack of guidelines to ensure the right of self-determination. For this reason, euthanasia must be legalized in a way that individuals to decide for themselves what should or should not be done to their bodies. That is, laws must be strengthened and guidelines must be set to ensure the right of euthanasia will not be denied to people.
The case for euthanasia is justified on three fundamental moral principles: mercy, autonomy, and justice (Battin 18). First, there is principle of mercy. This means that one ought to relieve pain of another and that it is a doctors duty to relieve pain and suffering for the patients. Granting mercy sometimes require euthanasia, both by direct killing and letting die. Moreover, allowing doctors to end the life of terminally ill patients is more merciful than allowing them to die slowly and painfully.
Second, There is the principle of autonomy. That is, euthanasia is an individuals choice. It is the right of those who have a desire to be free from pain and total dependence on others to end their lives. The degree of pain experienced by one can never be fully appreciated by another. Thus, no one can decide for another, and no one can take a choice away from another.
Third, there is the principle of justice. Euthanasia is central to the liberty protected by the fourteenth amendment (Leo22). Again, every human being of adult years has the right to decide what should be done with his body. This also applies to terminally ill patients who are especially in need of choices. They are at a situation in which they must be allowed to decide for choices. They are at a situation in which they must be allowed to decide for themselves.
Otherwise, it would be unconstitutional to deny them the freedom of choice in which every body else has. It would be a crime to deny them this right because they are at the mercy of other people. A lot of the terminally ill patients who wish to end their suffering by death are denied by doctors and hospitals and, sometimes, the law itself. Medical authorities often have to consult courts when it comes to the issue of euthanasia. They fear of the responsibilities because they lack concrete guidelines to exercise euthanasia.
This only results in prolonging the suffering of the patients. According to Isaac Asimov, "If a person is subject to pain that wont stop as a result of a disease that cant be cured, must he or she suffer that pain as long as possible when there are gentle ways of putting an end to life?" (62). It is absurd to put terminally ill patients through painful treatments unless they choose to, when euthanasia is available as an alternative choice. Too often, because of hospitals and court delays, many terminally ill patients are forced to prolong their suffering. Opponents of euthanasia contend that life is too precious for anyone to decide to end it. Cardinal Bernardin, arguing against euthanasia, states, "As individuals and as a society, we have the positive obligation protect life..not to destroy or injure human life directly, especially the life of the innocent and vulnerable" (70).
Another opponent of euthanasia, Ph. Schepens, wrote, "A society in which the individual can exist only if he is wanted by others, and who therefore ceases to have absolute value" (26). In other words, they claim that euthanasia would lead to devaluation of human life because it would force medical professionals and patients families to judge the worth of other lives. However, their views are invalid. On the contrary, forcing hopelessly ill patients to continue their suffering and total dependence on others would be devaluation of human life.
It is demoralizing for many of these patients to be in such a situation of continuous pain and helplessness. Recall Peter Cinques incidence at the beginning of this paper. If anything, his life was devalued. He was forced to suffer even more severely because he was denied his wish of dying to end his pain. Had he been granted his wish in the first place, he would not have to he through this torture.
Terminally ill patients like Mr. Cinque will eventually die, and most of the time will be a painful death. It would be much more honorable to human life to respect these patients wishes and give them a choice to end their pain by euthanasia. This is not to say that they should be forced to choose death as a method of pain relief. Those who choose to fight their illness until the end should be respected in the same way. The opponents of euthanasia also use the "slippery slope" argument to speak against euthanasia (Leo 22). This argument claims that once euthanasia becomes acceptable for the terminally ill, it would become acceptable for the less seriously ill, the handicapped, the mentally retarded, and the elderly.
The opponents fear that it would get out of hand, and unjustified deaths would be uncontrollable. This view, like the previous one, is too blindly exaggerated. It is for these reasons why laws must be strengthen to ensure the right of euthanasia, not to omit euthanasia, completely, The laws that protect the peoples right to euthanasia will, at the same time, protect the peoples right from euthanasia. It is not about getting rid of the unwanted people of society, but it is about a necessity of choices for people who need choices, such as the terminally ill. Thus, it is necessary to have euthanasia legalized.
This would allow competent patients to decide for themselves how they prefer to be treated. They could decide for themselves whether they prefer to either fight their illnesses with painful treatments or to end their suffering by euthanasia. Patients like Peter Cinque would not have to be forced to suffer. They would be allowed to determine their own destiny and worth. More important so, terminally ill patients could have an alternative choice available to them when their pain is becoming unbearable.
The point is that they should be allowed to decide for themselves, when they are conscious or are incapable of deciding for themselves. Then their families and doctors can decide on their behalf. The opponents of euthanasia suggest that instead of having to legalize euthanasia, better pain relief would make euthanasia unnecessary (Peterson 19). However, the fact is that pain is not the only reason why people seek euthanasia. Many incapable patients fear the lost of control of their bodily functions.
They are overwhelmed by the feeling of hopelessness and mental anguish. Thus, reducing the pain alone cannot solve the problem. Other opponents of the legalization of euthanasia suggest moving all terminally ill patients into a hospice where they can be cared for (Schofield 28). In a hospice, patients are visited, read to, and kept in constant contact with loving people. Doctors can care for the medical need of the patients and attempt to keep pain at a minimum. The opponents claim that a hospice would also make euthanasia unnecessary. Sure, this plan will benefit those who do not want to go through euthanasia, but what about those who do?.
Patients will still be totally dependent on others and forced to prolong their suffering. There are always those who would rather die than be totally dependant on others. Why not just let them die to end their pain and suffering, and why not just let them die peacefully with dignity?. When euthanasia is legalized, terminally ill patients will have the choice to end their suffering and die with dignity. Those who wish to go through euthanasia will not have this right denied to them.
They are free to judge their wom lives and free to exercise their right of self-determination. When euthanasia is legalized, patients will not be forced to have their pain prolonged due to court hearing or due to hospital bureaucracies. Lpatients do not have to feel that they are at the mercy of thers. Furthermore, doctors will be free from the burden of providing medical care to patients who are hopelessly ill, especially patients who wish to discontinue painfull treatments. Yet, legalizing euthanasia does not mean that society would force pople to die when they are incapable or when they get old. People would simply be granted an alternative choice other than having to go trough prolonged and painful treatment.
It is now clear that euthanasia is a right that cannot be denied to people. But in order to ensure that this right is not denied to people, our legislatures must take action. They must provide concrete laws to ensure that terminally ill patients have the ritht to choose. They must provide concrete guidelines for medical authorties to act upon. Moreover, we as citizems need to urge our legislatures to strengthen the laws to support euthanasia.
We must stand together and speak out to let them know that a right cannot be denied to us. We need to have euthanasia legalized so that we have this choice available to us when needed. And for those who are hopelessly ill, legalizing euthanasia will allow them to end their suffering and die with dignity. Bibliography Asimov, Isaac. "No Mercy." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed.
Neal Bernards. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1989. 62. Battin, Margaret Pabst. "Euthanasia Is Ethical." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed.
Neal Bernards. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1989. 17-23. Bernardin, Cardinal Joseph. "Protecting Life." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed.
Neal Bernards. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1989. 70. Leo, John. "Assisted Suicides Slippery Slope." U.S. News and World Report 16 May 1994: 22.
Ogg, Elizabeth. "Euthanasia Should Be Legalized." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed. Neal Bernards. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1989.
61. Peterson, Lynn. "Would Better Pain Relief Make Elective Pain Unthinkable?" Washington Post 12 July 1994: 19. Schepens, Ph. "Law of the Jungle." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed.
Neal Bernards. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1989. 26. Schofield, Joyce Ann. "Euthanasia Is Unethical." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Ed.
Neal Bernards. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1898. 28.
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