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Is a lack of agriculture/civilisation the reason where there's no first world tropical nation*? (credit)
* except Singapore, which isn't self-sufficient, and is more a city state with an economy based on trade, service, technology.etc and was pretty poor until recent decades.
Countries partially in the tropics, like Taiwan, or Australia, don't count, nor does Hong Kong which is both a city state and now part of China.
Most rainforest areas actually have very poor soil, so agricultural societies generally do not develop right in the tropics. As you know, agriculture is the basis of civilisations, and the earliest civilisations developed in the temperate and sub-tropical latitudes. Is this lack of any significantly advanced tropical civilisations the reason why most tropical countries are poor?
I mean Europe etc have had agricultural societies for a long time now, and their relative wealth is a legacy of this past history. Nothing to do with them being smarter, just to do with geographical chance.
bale002
Location: western East Roman Empire
Originally Posted by Trimac20
What about the Aztecs and the Incas? Some historians consider them great agriculture-based civilizations. But my understanding is that they did not invent the wheel or even writing, as far as we know.
But what is this fascination with Euro-centrism?
What we call Europe today, whose main roots are in the era of Charlemagne, was one of last regions to develop agriculture after around 10,000 or so years ago starting in the eastern Mediterranean and in the pre-industrial world it was a relatively poor, backward and not-much-thought-about region compared to the more advanced regions of the southern and especially eastern Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, India and China, and so on.
Europe's relative wealth has to do with shipping technology (starting around the 1100s) and industrialization (starting around 1750), not agriculture. What did the Europeans do as soon as they had that power: they attacked, racially profiled, enslaved, genocided, and colonized the southern and eastern Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, India, China and so on (i.e. the Americas and sub-Sahara Africa). And you or I would do the same if we had that kind of power and our rivals didn't.
You know, Japan is relatively poor in industrially relevant natural resources, yet it is an industrial powerhouse. The same can be said for Italy, for example, to a certain extent. The Soviet Union was extremely rich in industrially relevant natural resources, yet, according to some analysts, they actually destroyed value in their manufacturing system, not created it, and that's why Russia today is mainly a commodity-export power, not a manufacturing-export power like Japan and Germany.
This "geographical chance" or geographical determinism thing has been debated to death for decades now, even more than a century.
Human beings, societies and civilizations are complex creatures and, in the end, either/or type questions are usually not very interesting.
It seems that social organization, managerial skills, creativity and inventiveness, as well as ambition, among other characteristics, are at least just as important as natural resources readily available: it's not so much what you have as what you do with it.
britinparis
There are plenty of first world tropical states. Besides the ones you mention (Singapore, Taiwan, Australia, Hong Kong - and I don't see why you simply state "they don't count"), there are several others - mainly in the Caribbean (Cayman Islands, Bermuda, BVIs...) as well as states such as Florida which are among the richest places on earth.
Likewise there are plenty of dirt-poor countries (North Korea, Moldova, Albania...) who have temperate or even cold climates.
It is true that countries in temperate climates tend to be weathier than those in the tropics. But I think this is moreover an accident of history.
The reasons why some countries are rich and most are poor are linked to the historical inclusiveness of that country's institutions. States with strong inclusive institutions which safeguarded property rights and allowed individuals to invest and innovate without the fear of it being taken away from them became rich.
Likewise where extractive institutions, despotism and insecure property rights are the norm - the country remains poor. There are literally no exceptions to this rule - it really has nothing to do with culture or climate or even natural resources (look at Switzerland - landlocked, no natural resources, and a tough mountain climate - but one of the richest countries on earth due to its inclusive institutions).
Read this:
Why Nations Fail by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson
^ bale002. Nations have attacked and invaded other nations since there were nations. Who were the most powerful nations? Generally, those who had the most advanced civilisation and thus manpower and technology (with a few exceptions like the Mongols).
^ britinparis. Because they're partially outside the tropics. I'm talking of nations wholly between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. In Australia early settlement was in the sub-tropical/warm temperate southern states. HK is like Singapore. Cayman Islands, Bermuda.etc likewise.
Sure, there are poor places in the temperate regions. But what I'm saying is the wealthy nations there are are pretty much all in the temperate zone, and today most of the temperate zone is quite well off.
I think it's far more than a coincidence. Suitable climate + arable land = the potential for high population density, lots of resources, which bred early civilisations like the Euphrates-Tigris (poor climate but well irrigated due to technology), Indus Valley, Ganges, Huang He. The Nile had flat land and fertile silt-laden soil.
Maybe it's climatic too...the oppressive climate of the tropical climate quickly eroded away buildings, for instance (ruins of Angkor Wat).
Also responding to bale002 again, the Inca and Aztec lived in the high Andes/Central plateau of Mexico which had a cooler climate.
theunbrainwashed
Trimac, why do you ask questions and then answer them in your OP at the same time?
Don't really know what to say, except that I agree with you. In addition to that fact I think tropical climates make people lazy. That's not to say there aren't underdeveloped countries with cold climates, but there's an alarming amount of warm countries that are not developed, except Singapore like you said.
In tropical countries, you never worry about freezing to death without a proper shelter. The fruits just fall from trees all year around. So why bother work?
Even in Europe, the countries in worst economic condition are the warmest: Spain, Italy, Greece. Even in Italy, the north is much richer than the warmer south.
In the US, the poorest states are in the south as well.
In comparing countries, we should note tropical countries in south America and Africa and South Asia were robbed by the west heavily. Never forget that fact. The west after it dominated the world established new rules trying every possible way to make sure poorer countries stay poor.
BIMBAM
It has nothing to do with agriculture. Most of tropical areas developed advanced agriculture based civilizations. I'm talking India, Java, the great Khmer kingdoms, Siam, Great Zimabawe, the West African city states, The Congo Empire, The Mayan culture (which did develop writing), the thalassacracy of Tondo in the modern day Phillipines - even the Polynesians became quite sophisticated in the larger island groupings like Tonga. These tropical Kingdoms were wealthy and the quality of life often surpassed those of the people in the Northern cultures, so they were clearly fertile in many areas.
As for them being poor now, that's a whole other can of worms having to do with the fact that Northern Europe industrialized first.
Originally Posted by bale002
Good point, except the ancestors of the Maya did invent writing. The Maya ended up significantly modifying the terrain around them, deforesting it to build their cities and roads. Just goes to show what you can achieve in a tropical jungle environment. They did have very rich agricultural fields that were able to feed cities of 40,000 people or more, and their suburbs. They really pulled it off! They had their fields set up so that they could raise fish (important protein) in the irrigation channels running between the raised fields.
There's no First World nation in the tropics because the colonial nations were all in the North, and they subjugated the south to build colonial empires. So the tropics were always under somebody's thumb. After decolonization, international trade rules were stacked in favor of the already developed nations (at that point, including Australia and NZ). That's beginning to change, a little. When you see the price of chocolate and imported cotton and ready-made imported cotton clothing go sky high, you'll know India and Africa finally managed to get a fair shake.
Originally Posted by botticelli
I completely disagree - the "tropical climate breeds laziness" theory is totally discredited among serious academic discourse. It's also Eurocentric and quite racist.
Go to any poor tropical country and you'll see locals putting in year after year of backbreaking labour that people in the West - supposedly with our better "work ethic" - would never be able to cope with. Don't tell me they just wait for the fruit to fall from the tree - or that they ever did.
In the 21st century, the hardest jobs for the least pay in Western Europe and North America are largely done by immigrants from these countries.
I repeat my earlier post: the reason some countries are rich and some are poor is the historical inclusiveness of any given country's or state's institutions.
Spain and Italy might be slightly worse off than their northern neighbours, largely to do with the current economic crisis, they are a hell of a lot richer than much colder eastern Europe. Why are there so many Poles and Romanians scrubbing floors in Spain, or caring for old people in Italy?
Likewise, even in the US wealth and climate do not correlate. Michigan is one of the poorest states; Florida and California among the richest. Ture, some states in the deep south are poor (eg Mississippi) but others - such as Georgia or North Carolina - are actually slightly richer than average.
India until 15th century was an economic powerhouse and at times Indian economy, majorly agrarian, held 2/3 of the total world economy. Recent (past 500 years) decline of India is due to many complex sociopolitical reasons that can't just be over-simplified as "lack of agriculture".
Culture shock when moving from a 1st world nation to another 1st world nation?, World, 272 replies
How many tropical cities in the world are first world?, World, 163 replies
TOP 10 best tropical cities in the world, World, 97 replies
Best, Most Friendly, Popular Places in the World for Independent Stores/Business/Lack of Chain Stores., World, 13 replies


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Things To Do in Plaza de Toros de Vera, Restaurants in Plaza de Toros de Vera
Plaza de Toros de Vera
Things to do Spain
Top 10 Historic Sites in Province of Almeria, Andalucia
Discover the best top things to do in Province of Almeria, Spain including Rincones de Macael, Conjunto Monumental de La Alcazaba, Torre Mesa Roldan, Mojacar Pueblo Old Town, Catedral de Almeria, Fuente Publica de Mojacar, Plaza de Toros de Vera, Castillo del Marques de los Velez, Antigua Estacion de Ferrocarril, Castillo de San Andres.
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Garrucha is a municipality of Almería province, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Garrucha is a seaport of south-eastern Spain on the Mediterranean Sea and the right bank of the river Antas. In 1998 the town had a population of 5000. The harbor of Garrucha, which is defended by an eighteenth-century castle, affords shelter to large ships, and is the natural outlet for the commerce of a once thriving agricultural and mining district. Garrucha had, at the beginning of the twentieth century a considerable trade in lead, silver, copper, iron, esparto grass and fruit, but now the only export from its harbour is gypsum mined in Sorbas, with a million metric tonnes being exported annually . Besides cargo ships, the port is home to a small fishing fleet and has approximately 300 moorings for leisure boats.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Victoria Moloney sent me this item from the Tucson (Ariz.) Daily Citizen of May 3, 1906.
CHICAGO, May 3—Mrs. Helen Moloney, the beautiful wife of James Moloney, the Chicago manufacturer, obtained a divorce solely to get a $500,000 estate left her by her mother on condition that she separate from him.
They are to be remarried this summer, just as soon as Mrs. Moloney perfects the title to the estate.
This was the statement made today by Mr. Moloney, who declares groundless the charges that his wife flirted with W. J. White, the "chewing gum king," of Cleveland. He declares that Mrs. Moloney is still true to him.
"Mrs. Moloney's mother, who is an English woman of title, took a strong dislike to me. She inserted in her will a bequest of nearly $500,000 to Mrs. Moloney, with the proviso that she divorce me. So we agreed to be divorced and remarry."
"What is the name of the titled English family to which Mrs. Moloney belongs?" was asked.
"I do not care to say. I do not wish to draw them into this affair," said Mr. Moloney. "We will be remarried before September 1."
Victoria asks, is the "divorce story true or a bunch of hooey?"
Can you find any proof that the story is true and the couple remarried?
The story may indeed be true, but sadly for James, Helen did marry her juicy-fruit boyfriend. In an October 5, 1906 Chicago Tribune article, it was stated that Helen Sheldon married William J. White. (She married him in New York on the previous Wednesday.) Apparently William and Helen had begun sharing sticks of gum while the Moloney and White families were vacationing in Palm Beach.
In an August 19, 1920 Tribune story, we learn that the bubblicious Mr. White had also been a congressman and mayor of Cleveland, that Mrs. Moloney-White had been living with her sister (Mrs. Madelaine Barker) at the Plaza hotel in New York City, that Mrs. Moloney-White obtained a divorce from her bazooka-man in 1914, and finally that Moloney's family were contesting his will because he left bequests to Helen's sister and to a Brooklyn spiritualist, Mrs. Theodore A. Backe.
In the first article, Moloney believed that his wife was under the spell of White. I guess Helen appreciated White's carefree nature. Clearly, White sent Helen into orbit.
"Interesting to note that the W. J. White mentioned in the article is William John White, who was a partner with Dr. Edwin E. Beeman in Beeman Gum and the American Chicle Company, now owned by Cadbury Adams (makers of Halls cough drops, Chiclets, Swedish Fish, etc.) William was also a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Ohio.
White divorced his first wife, Ellen, in 1906, the next day marrying divorcee Helen Sheldon. They moved to New York.
I went back and found William and his first wife, Ellen, and 5 of their 7 living children on Madison Ave in Cleveland Ward 41, Cuyahoga, OH on the 1900 US Census.
Ellen filed for divorce on grounds of desertion, and the divorce was granted on 02 Oct 1906 (just 5 months after William and Helen "didn't flirt") [SOURCE: The New York Times, 03 Oct 1906 edition]"
Andy also found this profile and portrait of White in the book Prominent and Progressive Americans.


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Sinal de Gorlin é a habilidade que uma pessoa tem de tocar a ponta do nariz com a língua. Aproximadamente 10% da população geral pode realizar este ato. As pessoas com síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos conseguem em 50% das vezes.

Gorlin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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I love racing! I always feel so nervous to the point where I feel like I might throw up but the minute the klaxon sounds, there I am with a smile on my face as I fiddle with my Garmin. I love it; the adrenaline, the excitement, the crowd. I won't pretend like I'm in the Olympics and people are chanting my name but when you're running and someone in the crowd yells "go on girl" you can't help but smile and surge on.
In a triathlon, every minute counts. You are always looking for the quickest way around everything. So you don't want to waste any time doing regular stuff like...tying shoe laces! (Seriously, I don't make this stuff up). Step in, elastic laces.
Hey guys, I'm baaaack! The cast is off, I'm officially a member of the Broken Bone Club and I am ready to get back on it!


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The Candlewood Suites


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Monica J. Balson
RONALD H. BALSON is an attorney, professor, and writer. His novel The Girl From Berlin won the National Jewish Book Award and was the Illinois Reading Council's adult fiction selection for their Illinois Reads program. He is also the author of Eli's Promise, Karolina's Twins, The Trust, Saving Sophie, and the international bestseller Once We Were Brothers. He has appeared on many television and radio programs and has lectured nationally and internationally on his writing. He lives in Chicago.
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Ronald H. Balson 's Facebook
Eli's Promise
Karolina's Twins
From Ronald H. Balson, author of the international bestseller Once We Were Brothers, comes a saga in the tradition of The Nightingale,...
The Girl from Berlin
Liam Taggart and Catherine Lockhart
Ronald H. Balson's The Girl from Berlin is the winner of the Book Club category for the 2018 National Jewish Book Award. In this new novel, Liam and Catherine come to the aid of...
The newest novel from bestselling author of Once We Were Brothers has private investigator Liam Taggart returning to his childhood home for his uncle's funeral, only to discover he was murdered.
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Once We Were Brothers
The gripping tale about two boys, once as close as brothers, who find themselves on opposite sides of the Holocaust
VIEW MORE WORKS BY THIS AUTHOR


Martin Armstrong highlights the state of Illinois & its challenges with debt & pensions .. points out how Illinois may be the first state to go bankrupt .. "The question is not if, but when. State unions are so greedy that they are destroying the very state. This is exactly how Rome fell — government employees against the people.Seven states have constitutional provisions that state employee pensions must come BEFORE everything, including debt payments. Since the legislature in New Jersey was Democrat, they fought Governor Christie on pension reform. Their solution? On the ballot in November, there will be a provision to amend the state Constitution to put employee pensions before everything else .. It's time to just turnout the lights in Illinois. Welcome to the Sovereign Debt Crisis. This is the contagion you will finally start to hear about, but only after the elections. Why spoil the party?"


The Duke will see you now.
Hi! It is wonderful to know you have updated your art! I am sorry if I "sound" quite happy, but I have waited since last June, I think, when you had your old site. It is good to know that you continued working on your amazing art, through a very long hiatus. Hey! I made a drawing from one of yours, check it at http://mor7blog.blogspot.com/, there is a girl drawing, with some photoshop! Wow, I apologize if I am being stubborn, but man, you rock! And please tell me your comments!
Hey David, thanks for the support. Glad you found some inspiration, God knows I get plenty from other artists too. I'll check out your blog.


I am starting to plan out going to this years Laughlin River Run with some friends. Is there anyone interested in going down there this year? We might be going Friday 24th after work and coming back saturday or maybe even sunday. Just curious who might be interested so we can plan accordingly!!
I'm sure that me & Michelle will go, and possibly some of my other cruiser buddies. But I dont have any plans to stay overnight.
Yeah, I'm not sure what I'm doing at this point either. What day are you gonna ride down there?


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To Book a picnic shelter, please call 859.292.2151 or email recreation@covingtonky.gov.


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DB Schenker Rail (UK) Ltd., voorheen bekend als English, Welsh and Scottish Railway Ltd (EWS), is een Britse spoorwegmaatschappij voor goederen, een voormalig staatsbedrijf dat deel uitmaakt van DB Schenker Rail AG. De onderneming is in 1996 opgericht door Wisconsin Central Ltd, nadat vier divisies van de goederentak van British Rail waren overgenomen. In 2001 werd Wisconsin Central, en daarmee ook EWS, gekocht door Canadian National Railway (CN). English, Welsh and Scottish Railway werd in 2007 overgenomen door Deutsche Bahn (DB), op 1 januari 2009 werd de naam veranderd in DB Schenker Rail (UK) Ltd.

Tractie
Hedendaags maakt DB Schenker Rail UK Ltd gebruik van drie soorten locomotieven voor het rijden van haar treinen in het Verenigd Koninkrijk. Hoofdzakelijk betreft dit locomotieven van het type class 66 die in het hele Verenigd Koninkrijk actief zijn. DBSUK bestelde begin van deze eeuw 250 van deze machines bij General Electric om een groot deel van de oude vloot locomotieven class 58 en class 60 te vervangen. Na de inlijving van DBSUK door DB Schenker AG is een deel van de locomotieven ook in Frankrijk terechtgekomen. Hoewel de class 66's bedoeld waren om oudere type locomotieven te vervangen, heeft DBSUK tegenwoordig ook nog 40 locomotieven class 60 in dienst. Deze locomotieven hebben een groter vermogen waardoor ze zwaardere treinen kunnen trekken, daarom zijn deze locomotieven veelal in Zuid-Wales en rond Scunthorpe aan te treffen in het staalvervoer. Ondanks het eerdere voornemen van DBSUK om de machines op korte termijn buiten dienst te stellen is hiervan af gezien en zijn alle 40 exemplaren inmiddels gereviseerd en in DB rood geschilderd.
Naast dieseltractie beschikt DBSUK ook over elektrische locomotieven class 90. Omdat het Britse spoorwegnet slechts voor een klein deel geëlektrificeerd is rijden deze treinen vooral op de as (Kanaal Tunnel/Felixstowe)Wembley-Birmingham-Carslise-Mossend.

Vervoer in het Verenigd Konkrijk
DBSUK vervoert jaarlijks meer dan 100 miljoen ton vracht is daarmee de grootste railgoederenvervoerder in het Verenigd Koninkrijk. DBSUK rijdt diverse soorten goederentreinen zoals kolen, staal en containertreinen. Daarnaast bestaat er een wagenladingnetwerk, wat inhoudt dat een klant losse wagens boekt die samen met wagens van andere klanten worden gebundeld en via een proces van rangeren terechtkomen bij de ontvanger. De grootste hub voor dit vervoer in het Verenigd Koninkrijk is Didcot Yard.

Vervoer in Cornwall
Het enige overgebleven vervoer in het (uiterste) zuidwesten van het Verenigd Koninkrijk betreft het omvangrijke kaoline vervoer in opdracht van de Franse Imerys groep. Vanuit de laadplaats nabij Goonbarrow rijdt DBSUK 2 keer per dag een trein beladen met kaoline in opvallende witte tweeassige zelflossers (type CDA) naar de overslag terminal in Fowey van waaruit de kaoline geëxporteerd wordt naar overzeese bestemmingen. Aanvullend op het vervoer uit Goonbarrow wordt ook de laadplaats van Parkandillac nog 1 keer per week bediend. Om de kosten te drukken verzorgt DBSUK al dit vervoer met één diesellocomotief class 66 die wordt ingezet vanuit (machinisten)standplaats St. Blazey. De enige andere vaste vervoersstroom die Cornwall rijk was sneuvelde januari 2014 en betrof de aanvoer van diesel vanuit de raffinaderij van Eastleigh naar Rock Port net buiten Penzance, waar de diesel bestemd was voor het tanken van reizigerstreinen.

Externe link
  DB Schenker Rail (UK) Ltd - Officiële site

Britse spoorwegmaatschappij
Deutsche Bahn
Spoorwegmaatschappij voor goederen


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This startup is bringing Indian mythological stories to smartphone users
The Ramayan series aired on Doordarshan during the COVID-lockdown last year was the most-watched show that topped TRP charts. Mahabharata and Shri Krishna were also the most-watched shows last year.
While this shows the demand for Indian epics in vernacular media, a Gurugram-based content startup wants to narrate these mythological stories to users in a short video format.
Sutradhar is on a mission to introduce the joy of storytelling to smartphone users through its app in an engaging manner. Founded by Satish Meena and Gaurav Tiwari in 2020, the startup believes there are considerable gaps in how these Indian mythology stories are delivered, especially on a smartphone.
Get connected to Sutradhar
"Every time there is a technology shift – be it radio, print media, cinema screens or television, these mythological stories are repackaged to suit that medium. But we believe that nothing substantial is being done for the smartphone category," says Satish.
The founders believe smartphone users are a different category of consumers who like the content to be delivered in a short video format, and this has to done in an engaging manner where the essence of the story is not lost.
At present, the app offers content in four languages – English, Hindi, Marathi, and Odia.
Sutradhar provides short videos of about two to 10 minutes, and all the content on the app are Indian mythological stories.
"We are publishing professionally generated short video stories on a daily basis to the users, which is smartphone optimised," says Satish.
The founders believe they can address the 500 million smartphone user market in the country who have a presence in multiple languages.
Satish and Gaurav are IIT graduates and have known each other for the last 20 years after having spent more than a decade in the corporate world, but the urge to do something of their own was always there. In fact, both of them have been discussing on various ideas for quite some time.
Gaurav has the personal hobby of writing scripts while Satish always had a strong reading habit.
The Sutradhar app has seen over 100k downloads with 50k monthly users since its launch in October 2020, and according to Satish, the target customer base for them is people in the 25-45 age group who are residing in metros, Tier II or Tier III cities, who are comfortable with doing online transactions.
"What we have seen with our customer base is that once they go through our content, they either share it with their children or parents," says Satish.
Sutradhar has its own team of content creators and it networks with freelancers to publish the content.
However, Satish says, the focus is not just to tell stories about the main heroes in the Indian mythology stories, but about various other important characters who may not be well known but have played a key role.
While Mahabharata and Ramayana are considered the most important Indian mythology stories, there is a vast reservoir of content, which are not so well known. Sutradhar aims to bring such stories to its users.
Creating an ecosystem
For Sutradhar, delivering the content in an engaging manner is just the start as it aims to build an entire ecosystem around this. This will include creating a community of content creators and consumers. At the same time, it wants to create a platform where people can even engage in ecommerce like transactions of various products and services.
"We have the opportunity to create a platform where people can start buying online especially something like festival season products," says Satish.
Sutradhar is also looking at partnerships with other brands, which can come and look at creating their own exclusive products .
Picture credit: mysutradhar website
From a competitive scenario perspective, Sutradhar faces competition from multiple channels that has similar content like Shrimandir and also YouTube.
Satish says Sutradhar is looking at having one million active users over the next one year and plans to add four more languages.
The average time spent by users is more than 12 minutes on the app and the founder claims that the content consumption time is doubling every month.
As of now, one can view the content for free on Sutradhar, but it plans to make it a paid model over a period of time.
Sutradhar has raised $110k in funding from Titan Capital and angel investors, and is in talks to raise one more round of funding.
It has been a long wait towards entrepreneurship for Satish as he did attempt starting up during his final year at IIT in 2006 and found it extremely difficult to raise even Rs 5 lakh in funding. Things have come a full circle now, he says.
Satish expects to build the scale with Sutradhar as the stories to be delivered to the consumer will not just be about mythology, but other genres of writing which have these elements. For example, works of writer Amish Tripathi.
"When you brand yourself as a storyteller, one should be restricted to mythology alone," says Sathish.
(Edited by Megha Reddy)
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Meet another patient
How it WorksAbout UsLog InMeet another patient
Watsi
Success! Maureen from Kenya raised $685 to fund brain surgery.
$685 raised, $0 to go
Maureen's treatment was fully funded on March 20, 2019.
Maureen's story
Maureen's update
Maureen underwent brain surgery.
Maureen had a successful surgery to help drain the excess fluid in her brain. This has minimized the risk of suffering brain damage, loss of sight, and delayed development.
Maureen had a successful surgery to help drain the excess fluid in her brain. This has minimized the risk of suffering brain damage, loss of...
Maureen is a baby from Kenya. She is the youngest in a family of three children. The family resides in the central region of Kenya. Maureen's mother is employed casually as an hotelier, while he father is a subsistence farmer.
Maureen has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus, a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the brain and increases intracranial pressure. As a result of her condition, Maureen has been experiencing an increasing head circumference. Without treatment, Maureen will experience severe physical and developmental delays.
Our medical partner, African Mission Healthcare Foundation, is requesting $685 to cover the cost of surgery for Maureen that will treat her hydrocephalus. The procedure is scheduled to take place on March 7 and will drain the excess fluid from Maureen's brain. This will reduce intracranial pressure and greatly improve her quality of life. With proper treatment, Maureen will hopefully develop into a strong, healthy young girl.
"I am sad to find out that my daughter has hydrocephalus. It is a good thing though that it has been discovered early enough," says Maureen's mother.
Maureen is a baby from Kenya. She is the youngest in a family of three children. The family resides in the central region of Kenya. Maureen'...
Maureen's case was submitted by Joan Kadagaya at African Mission Healthcare Foundation in Kenya.
Maureen's Timeline
PROFILE SUBMITTED
Maureen was submitted by Joan Kadagaya, Curative Medical Support Program-Partner Representative at African Mission Healthcare Foundation, our medical partner in Kenya.
PROFILE PUBLISHED
Maureen's profile was published to start raising funds.
TREATMENT OCCURRED
Maureen received treatment at BethanyKids Kijabe Hospital (BKKH). Medical partners often provide care to patients accepted by Watsi before those patients are fully funded, operating under the guarantee that the cost of care will be paid for by donors.
Maureen's treatment was fully funded.
TREATMENT UPDATE
Maureen's treatment was successful. Read the update.
Share Maureen's story
Funded by 14 donors
Hydrocephalus - Shunt
On average, it costs $685 for Maureen's treatment
Hospital Fees
Impact on patient's life
Cultural or regional significance
What kinds of symptoms do patients experience before receiving treatment?
Symptoms of hydrocephalus include an enlarged head size, irritability, abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, and increased intracranial pressure. Cognitive development can be affected, and damage to the optic nerve can cause blindness.
What is the impact on patients' lives of living with these conditions?
In young children, hydrocephalus affects brain development, cognition, and vision. In older children and adults, hydrocephalus also causes headaches.
What cultural or regional factors affect the treatment of these conditions?
The burden of infant hydrocephalus in East Africa is significant, with more than 6,000 new cases estimated per year. The majority are caused by neonatal infection and vitamin deficiency, and should thus be preventable. In East Africa, the single most common cause of hydrocephalus is infection, usually via neonatal meningitis or ventriculitis. Neonatal sepsis is common and is exacerbated by the lack of skilled perinatal care for the majority of births in Africa.
Risks and side-effects
What does the treatment process look like?
Hydrocephalus patients are usually treated within a few days of arriving at the hospital. Fortunately, our medical partner can accept many patients who would otherwise go home if they could not afford the surgery cost. Treatment involves inserting a shunt into the brain to route cerebrospinal fluid to another part of the body. One month after surgery, the patient returns for a follow-up appointment.
What is the impact of this treatment on the patient's life?
This surgery is lifesaving. The patient will no longer be at risk of cognitive and vision damage. Surgical treatment for hydrocephalus can restore and maintain normal cerebrospinal fluid levels in the brain.
What potential side effects or risks come with this treatment?
This condition is treatable, though the outcome depends on how quickly the disease is identified and treated.
How accessible is treatment in the area? What is the typical journey like for a patient to receive care?
There are few quality care centers in the region. Hospitals lack adequate resources and expertise to treat this condition. With about one neurosurgeon per 10,000,000 people in East Africa, initial treatment for hydrocephalus is often unavailable.
What are the alternatives to this treatment?
Surgery is the only option.
Meet another patient you can support
100% of your donation funds life-changing surgery.
Muoy Hong is a 9th grade student from Cambodia. She has one younger sister, and she enjoys reading English books and watching cartoons. In June 2019, Muoy Hong was in a motorcycle accident that caused injuries to her left shoulder and skull. She has been diagnosed with a brachial plexus injury on her left side. The brachial plexus is a nerve network that transmits signals from the spine to the shoulder, arm, and hand. Injuries to this nerve network can result in loss of function and sensation. The accident has resulted in restricted movement of her left arm, shoulder, and wrist. Muoy Hong traveled to our medical partner's care center to receive treatment. On October 04, she will undergo a brachial plexus repair surgery. After recovery, Surgery will help to repair the nerves damaged during the accident so she can use her arm again. Our medical partner, Children's Surgical Centre, is requesting $637 to fund this procedure. Myoy Hong's mother said, "I hope that my daughter will recover and be able to use her arm again to take care of herself. I hope that I will no longer have to worry about her condition and she can return to school."
Lina is an eighth grade student from Cambodia. She has two brothers, one sister, and enjoys reading books and listening to the radio in her spare time. When she was nine, Lina had an ear infection. This infection caused the tympanic membrane, or the ear drum, in her right ear to perforate. For this reason, Lina experiences discharge, pain, and hearing loss. She has trouble hearing properly and cannot concentrate or communicate well at school. Lina traveled to our medical partner's care center to receive treatment. On November 19th, she will undergo a myringoplasty procedure in her right ear. During this procedure, surgeons will close the perforation. Our medical partner, Children's Surgical Centre, is requesting $423 to fund this procedure. This covers medications, supplies, and inpatient care. "I hope that my daughter's operation goes well so she will be able to hear again and feel better." -Lina's Father
Mean is a 71-year-old rice farmer from Cambodia. He has six children and ten grandchildren, and enjoys exercising, visiting the pagoda, and taking care of his family when he has free time. Two months ago, Mean started experiencing pain in his right hip, five years after seeking treatment in both of his hips. He now experiences the same difficulty with his walking, and has pain everyday. Fortunately, Mean learned about our medical partner, Children's Surgical Centre. At CSC, surgeons can perform a total hip replacement to relieve Mean of his pain and allow him to walk easily. Treatment is scheduled for January 7th, and Mean needs help raising $1,087 to pay for this procedure. "I hope that I will be able to walk again and will not experience anymore pain in my hip," he said.
Meet a patient


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Home > Opinion > Fountain
Reflection before applause
CHOI SUN-WOOK
The author is a national team reporter at the JoongAng Ilbo.
KT CEO Hwang Chang-gyu was able to avoid a flock of reporters when he reported to police summoning last Friday on allegations of management irregularities. The police had not informed the media about the arrival of Hwang at the National Police Agency.
Instead, the police admitted him to questioning when reporters sought confirmation of the summoning — an hour after Hwang went in for interrogation in the early morning.
The remarkable change in the police summoning of suspects comes after the prosecution announced their stop to disclosing their identity, their summoning schedules, and their subjects. Min Gab-ryong, commissioner of the National Police Agency, said that police should act in sync with the prosecution in their investigation rules. Hwang became the first example under the change.
But Hwang could not entirely avoid camera flashes as he ran into reporters when he came out after questioning.
Forcing suspects to stand before the prosecution office with showers of camera flashes every time they enter the prosecution office raised questions about human rights. Law enforcement agencies decided to end the practice from this month due to investigative agencies' judgment that the public summoning causes too big a pain for the suspects.
But the changes were hurriedly put into action after Justice Minister Cho's family came under a prosecutorial probe. Many have gone through the agonizing experience. But the humiliating ritual of baring public figures in front of the media spotlight before their conviction has come to an end even before anyone from the sitting power went through it.
It is not all bad that the humiliating practice is being scrapped partly due to political factors. On private citizens' parts, they have the right to raise the issue and save the politician they support from the humiliation.
However, it is not right for the ruling camp to demand the change while having kept mum in the past. It also does not make sense for opposition parties to make such arguments on the grounds that they also suffered the pain as seen in the cases of former Presidents Lee Myung-bak and Park Geun-hye.
JoongAng Ilbo, Oct. 14, Page 32
More in Fountain
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Senseless construction
The nocebo effect
The vicious cycle of collapse
Composure: a qualification of adults


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230 W. Station Square Dr.
Accommodations & Mtg Facilities
$$($10 - $25)
The Hard Rock Cafe Pittsburgh is located at Station Square between the Grand Concourse Restaurant and the Sheraton Station Square Hotel. This one-story building with an industrial ceiling and exposed-brick stage has hosted such acts as Bon Jovi, Kenny Chesney, Barenaked Ladies and Rob Thomas to name a few. The HRC has indoor seating for 270 people and an outdoor patio that seats 40 people in front of a dancing water fountain show at Bessemer Court. The City of Champions welcomes you here with rock 'n' roll flair and the tastiest American-style fare. Enjoy a one-of-a-kind meal starting with the world renowned Jumbo Combo appetizer featuring our signature tupelo chicken strips and grilled chicken wings, then move on with our own Twisted Mac & Cheese dinner or one of our Legendary 10 oz. Burger choices, all topped off with our original homemade apple cobbler. Whether you're a Penguins, Pirates or a Steelers fan, all "come together" for the love of rock, we'll make you feel like a winner at the Hard Rock Cafe Pittsburgh.
For more information on all that is happening at the HRC and how to plan your next event or meeting visit www.hardrock.com/pittsburgh.
Motorcoach Parking
Website Email Save


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Q: Behavior overrides event handling from MVVM I'm modifying an application which uses WPF and MVVM but also Behaviors in some places. I need to apply a drag Behavior (for a GUI element which will be a Drag&Drop origin) but when I connect a GUI element with a Behavior...
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
  <behaviors:FrameworkElementDragBehavior/>
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>

...it then starts to ignore the functions which handle events in the ViewModel (which are RelayCommand and are Bind targets in XAML tag attributes). How to have both - the handlers in the ViewModel and in the Behavior?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Tatara Razors
Porto, Portugal, 2019
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This product has been published in several magazines in the UK for its quality and beauty.
Product Shoot & Lifestyle
Show the quality of the product through photography.
We developed a mechanism that allows the product to be viewed 360º. This interactivity with the website allows the user to examine in detail the quality of this product.
Our goal has been to elevate the brand since its inception and to make it grow continuously.
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Mad Pride 2012 in 5+ Nations "We Are the 100%"
campaigneventsmadpride
Mad Pride events are a way for you to celebrate what Martin Luther King repeatedly called the salvation of the world: Your creative maladjustment! More than five nations have Mad Pride events. Send us yours! [updated 17 July 2012]
The Mad Pride brain balloon is floating again in 2012! (Click the image to get a big version you can download and use.)
Update 17 July – A number of these events have been held successfully, thank you everyone for your participation and leadership!
Update 18 July – We've added news coverage of articles for the Toronto event below.
MindFreedom International News – 5 July 2012
July is Mad Pride Month:
"We Are The 100 Percent!"
2012 Events in More Than Five Nations
Show "Creative Maladjustment"
Did you know Martin Luther King expressed pride in psychological "maladjustment" to oppression? He called for an International Association for the Advancement of Creative Maladjustment (IAACM) more than a dozen times.
MindFreedom International invites you to tell us how you will make MLK's vision real this July! Celebrate 20 years of Mad Pride!
SAMPLE ACTION: Honor friends and colleagues who are unique by forwarding the below exciting Mad Pride 2012 News with a few words like, "Thank you ______ for your IAACM leadership!"
BELOW are recent and upcoming Mad Pride events in five nations celebrating individual and global creative maladjustment, and peacefully challenging the mental health industry's futile cheerleading for what is falsely called "normal."
MAD PRIDE COMING UP JULY 14, 2012!
You heard of Gay Pride… Black Pride… What is Mad Pride? A movement that celebrates the human rights and spectacular culture of people considered very different by our society. You!
Mad Pride isn't just for the 1 percent… or the 99 percent… Every human is uniquely different, so this is a celebration that 100 percent of humanity can be part of!
July 14 — Bastille Day — is the traditional day for Mad Pride, since among those freed from the Bastille in Paris were two held because of psychological labels. For 31 years our movement for nonviolent revolution in mental health has rallied around 14 July, and the whole month. Join in the fun!
You can celebrate Mad Pride Month whenever and wherever, but here are a few Mad Pride events in Toronto, Vancouver, Oregon, Italy, UK, Ireland….
TORONTO: *INSANE* NUMBER OF MAD PRIDE EVENTS!
Coverage of this event in Toronto newspaper, twice:
10 July 2012: http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/1224471–toronto-s-mad-pride-week-celebrates-the-crazy-in-everyone
11 July 2012: http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/1225266–mentally-ill-and-their-supporters-rally-during-mad-pride
Activists in Toronto have always been strong on Mad Pride. This year they are crazy strong. Toronto is organizing more than a dozen amazing events over five days from July 10 to 15, 2012!
The Toronto festival has everything from arts and music to panels and parties to a parade including a Bed Push! (You push a gurney through the streets, chased by guerilla theater psychiatrists!)
Here's a link to all Mad Pride Toronto 2012 events. Click event title links to see the fantastic posters:
http://www.madprideto.com/events.html
Find the link there to their Facebook, which has more complete event info.
VANCOUVER 'MAD' ART GALLERY
In Vancouver, Canada on July 14, 2012, the West Coast Mental Health Network holds a Mad Poets & Krazy Cases Fundraiser for Mad Pride Day.
There will be artwork, pizza, drinks, and a cabaret with an open mic for "poets, visionaries, singers, strummers and hummers with something to get off their chests and who are in the mood to celebrate our human bio-diversity and unparalleled tenacity in the face of persistent challenges and barriers." Gallery Gachet, is dedicated to psychiatric survivor art!
For info about how you can participate (for example by painting eyeglass cases!):
http://bit.ly/madpride-vancouver-2012 (scroll half-way down, to Mad Poets and Crazy Kases)
YOU CAN HONOR PATCH ADAMS AT OREGON COUNTRY FAIR
At this year's Oregon Country Fair — a mad event in its own right (Google some images!) — MindFreedom International will celebrate Mad Pride on July 14 in the Community Village by awarding clown / physician / psychiatric survivor Patch Adams, MD for decades of Lunacy Promoting Leadership in MLK's IAACM!
Since 1992, Patch Adams has also helped provide 20 years of support for MindFreedom International, and his "Gesundheit Institute" has been a proud sponsor in the MFI coalition. Find us in OCF:
http://bit.ly/patch-adams-iaacm-award
MAD PRIDE IRELAND LIVES ON!
Mad Pride Ireland held a Mad Pride Family Fun Day Ballydehob on May 27, 2012, with over 1,500 people and a balloon release in memory of John McCarthy, their founder who just passed away recently. They followed that up with a June 3 fourth annual event in Cork. These events featured numerous musical groups, a market, and clowns and other performers, see a video:
http://bit.ly/madpride-ireland-2012
MindFreedom asks all Mad Pride 2012 participants to hold a "Moment of Loudness" to remember inspiring global Mad Pride poet leader, John McCarthy, founder of Mad Pride Ireland. Whether or not you knew John, check out inspiring videos about his Mad Pride legacy:
https://mindfreedom.org/campaign/madpride/john-mccarthy-rip
BOYCOTT NORMAL SUPPORTS MAD PRIDE!
Seen the "Label Rip" at the protest of the American Psychiatric Association Annual Meeting?
Now you can see this and many of the videos, photos and coverage, plus listen to audio, about the successful MindFreedom protest in front of thousands of psychiatrists in Philadelphia:
http://bit.ly/apa-2012-protest
The Mad Pride theme was "Boycott Normal: Occupy APA!" Our folks may have tough days, but what is mistakenly called "normal" is wrecking a whole planet's ecosystem. Normal… isn't.
MindFreedom International and allied organizations united for a successful, peaceful march and protest of the 2012 APA Annual Meeting, questioning the dysfunctional over-labeling, over-drugging and forced psychiatric treatment all too common in psychiatric practice today. Hundreds of psychiatric survivors and allies made our voices heard.
You can now see a collection of a variety of mainstream media, and of course our own media as well, of this historic event. To see video, photos, articles, hear a BBC broadcast, as well as news and blog coverage, see:
Thanks to everyone in making the protest a success! Our peaceful surprise weapon: Mutual support! MindFreedom's emerging resistance community is not letting up on the APA — a peaceful protest of APA's smaller fall conference in New York City is already planned. To learn more about the event, see:
And check out the new Occupy Psychiatry Facebook page, to help coordinate similar peaceful resistance:
https://www.facebook.com/OccupyPsychiatry
BASTILLE DAY AT HOME: NEW YORK STATE!
New York State is also where the first Bastille Day protest in support of our movement took place, 31 years ago. On 13 July 2012 in Albany, NY the theme of this year's event is, "Everyone is at risk! Celebrate the human spirit. Speak out against psychiatric oppression."
See their announcement by clicking here. Network with attendees here:
In Ithaca, New York, the Ithaca Mental Patients Advocacy Coalition (IMPAC) tore up psychiatric labels on 14 July, to read the announcement in their local newspaper, click here.
MAD PRIDE MASSACHUSETTS!
Freedom Center, a sponsor group of MindFreedom International in Massachusetts, is having a Mad Pride Sidewalk Event July 14, 2012 from 12 noon to 4pm in downtown Northampton, MA near Pulaski Park. For more info contact Andrea Runyan via arunyan [at] alumni.stanford.edu
GO MAD PRIDE ITALY!
You need a little Italian for their Facebook page, but Torino, Italy held a Mad pride event last month:
https://www.facebook.com/madpride.torino
Their promo video has special creative maladjustment:
MAD PRIDE UK
Worcestershire, UK didn't just name sauce. They are holding "guerilla" Mad Pride events throughout 2012, see Facebook page here.
While a psychiatric survivor group in UK was formed back to 1848, their first known "Mad Pride" event was 1993, so way to go on the 20th anniversary! Wikipedia has a bit of Mad Pride history here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_Pride
Info on the psychiatric survivors' movement is here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychiatric_survivor
Mad Pride's message to all human beings is inclusive: "Hey… you're one of us!"
DID WE MISS YOUR MAD PRIDE EVENT?
Inspired to take action? Even one person can show Mad Pride, such as by forwarding this!
Let MindFreedom know about you are celebrating your Mad Pride at news@mindfreedom.org. MFI will try to announce events on the web:
http://bit.ly/madpride-2012
Those organizing Mad Pride events can chat on a free and open email list:
http://lists.mindfreedom.org/mailman/listinfo/madpride-talk_lists.mindfreedom.org
Too busy to chat? There's a one-way public news list just for Mad Pride activities, click here to add yourself.
To see some past Mad Pride events for inspiration, follow the links here:
https://mindfreedom.org/campaign/madpride/
… and browse 100's of items here on this web site by clicking on this Mad Pride search.
For info about Boycott Normal go here:
http://www.boycottnormal.org
For quotes from MLK's speeches and essays over 12 years about "creative maladjustment" and calling for an IAACM, click here:
https://mindfreedom.org/kb/mental-health-global/iaacm
To see other events, conferences, etc. related to the movement to change the mental health system, click here:
https://mindfreedom.org/events_sf
Did you like the Brain Balloon at top of this article?
You can get a t-shirt with that Mad Pride image, and the proceeds support the human rights work of MindFreedom International, click here.
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Topographic Map Switzerland – Download GPS map for Garmin navigation devices. The topographic map provides excellent routable roadmaps.
The Switzerland topographic GPS map provides excellent routable road maps. In addition to all kinds of roads you will find contour lines, trails, cross country tracks, footways and cycle-ways on this map. This makes this map ideal for hiking and mountainbiking. These maps are converted to use them legal and free on any Garmin GPS device.
We took a lot of care to convert the maps so they will work on your Garmin GPS navigation devices. All files are converted to the Garmin .img format. All Garmin GPS maps are routable. The maps are stored in a zip file containing the .img file for Garmin devices.
We used this topo map of Switzerland last weekend for hiking in the also and wit worked great. thanks a lot and greetings from Zurich.


text:
HometownTexas
Police officer, firefighter killed while responding to accident in Lubbock
A firefighter and police officer were killed after being struck by a vehicle while working a vehicle collision this morning in Lubbock.
LUBBOCK, TX — A firefighter and police officer were killed after being struck by a vehicle while working a vehicle collision this morning in Lubbock.
According to KCBD , another firefighter is in critical condition after the crash.
Crews were responding to a single-vehicle rollover crash on I-27 and Drew Street when the accident happened.
The firefighter has been identified as Lieutenant David Eric Hill, and the firefighter that is in critical condition been identified as Matthew Kenneth Dawson.
Police have identified the officer as Nicholas Reyna. The police department said that 27-year-old Officer Nicholas Reyna served with the Lubbock Police Department for one year. Following the academy, he served on patrol during the day shift.


Yesterday's message is now online!
Having the second highest attendance in Living Stones Church history (only Easter 2007 was more).
Time to bring out ALL the chairs we own (probably include taking out window in "cry room" and converting room to a coffee bar/donuts area so we can squeeze more chairs in.
Opening NASCAR drama with David Kneip, Amy & Mark Osterhout, Glenn & Denise Hammerquist, Jaynie Romer, and Tate Gerndt. Very funny. Favorite scene – Amy in "pit stop" having shoes replaced!
Actually preached a sermon that used NASCAR as the backdrop for church life. Oh man…didn't learn that in graduate school :-). Check out the podcast blog www.livingstoneschurch.podbean.com soon to hear the message if you missed it.
Our offering yesterday continued to put us in position to accomplish all three phases of our vision – 4 – 7 – 12! Dear Living Stones Church – whatever you are doing…keep doing it!! You are awesome!
Loved the Talladega Nights bump prior to message.
After church went on a van ride around the South side of South Bend with our REEF team to see if we couldn't discern what Jesus is doing on the South side of South Bend.
Later in the afternoon had a planning meeting for our message series that will begin on Easter. Oh man…I'm excited.
Ryan Newman FROM SOUTH BEND won the Daytona 500.
Ann Lynn has agreed to step in for Jennae Gee in April when she leaves for maternity leave. Whew…!! PRAISE JESUS!
Baby dedication: Introduced Adrian Robert William Bucholtz to the church yesterday. I love the little babies.
Halfway through the service, the Hootons who had a babygirl THIS WEEK!!!! (Dana is one tough chic) walked in with … little Kailee Ann. So pretty!
Our children's area yesterday was packed!!!! Good job volunteers!!
Randy Templeton reminded us at communion that we have been invited to Jesus' banquet table by grace, but used an empty chair to remind us that so have the thousands of people who live around us and challenged us to make sure they know they have been invited!
Ran out of grape juice during communion and had to make an emergency pit stop for more….sorry about that!
Luau announcement (this Saturday at 6:00 p.m.) with REAL tikki torches – good job Lynette Miller and Kristen Harris!
Culver's Restaurant is coming to the South side of South Bend!! Butterburgers!


Tokyo in August – natsu matsuri, concerts and live show for a very hot summer!
Fukagawa Hachiman festival: mikoshi and water jets, wasshoi !
"The Macross" Art Exhibition at Ikebukuro Seibu gallery: ekonte, cellulos, paintings and beautiful original illustrations!
Posted in Anime & manga, Attraction, J-music, Text Blog, Visit JapanTagged "Kamen rider" Premier Stage Show, "Smile Precure!" ultra happy carnival, "Ultraman" festival, Accel world, anime, Ano Hana, bon-odori, Evangelion, exhibition anime, exhibition manga, hanabi, Inazuma Eleven GO, Inazuma Eleven GO vs. Danball Senki W, Japan, Kamen rider, live show, Macross, manga, natsu matsuri, O-Bon, Smile PreCure!, Super Sentai Series, Tôkyô, The Macross Art Exhibition, travel, UltramanBookmark the permalink.
Tôkyô en août – natsu matsuri, concerts et live show pour un été très chaud !


Most people feel much more comfortable about buying online once they read some of our reviews, and feedback from our customers. Enjoy this index to those articles on our magazine, so just follow the links! We'll continue to update this, so check back.
How to Choose a Meditation Cushion (Zafu) Part 1 – confused? we're not.
All Canadian Meditation Benches – you asked for it! More details and photos of our NORTH designed meditation bench. Rigorously retreat-tested by our bench-making artisans.


text:
An essay towards an historical...
An essay towards an historical account of Irish coins, and of the currency of foreign monies in Ireland : With an appendix: containing several statutes, proclamations, patents, acts of state, and letters relating to the same. By James Simon, of Dublin, merchant, F.R.S
Simon, James
Dublin Printed by S. Powell, for the author, in Fleet-street 1749, MDCCXLIX. [1749]
Numismatics / Ireland
http://find.galegroup.com/ecco/infomark.do?content...
Eighteenth Century Collections Online / ECCO - Collection details see MPG.ReNa
'A supplement to Mr. Simon's essay on Irish coins' by Thomas Snelling, is bound with some copies. - English Short Title Catalog, T71802. - Goldsmiths', 8438. - Hanson, 6314. - Reproduction of original from University of London's Goldsmiths' Library. - With a list of subscribers
Online-Ressource (xv,[1],184p.,plates) 4°
An essay towards an historical account of Irish coins, and of the currency of foregin [sic] monies in Ireland : with an appendix, containing several statutes, proclamations, patents, acts of state, and letters relating to the same
by: Simon, James
Simon's essay on Irish coins : and of the currency of foreign monies in Ireland; with Mr. Snelling's supplement: also an additional plate, containing nineteen coins, never before published
A supplement to Mr. Simon's essay on Irish coins
by: Snelling, Thomas
An arrangement of provincial coins, tokens, and medalets : issued in Great Britain, Ireland, and the colonies, within the last twenty years; from the farthing to the penny size. By James Conder
by: Conder, James


Nike Air Span 2 Navy first released in 1988. Following up, Nike launched the Air Span II during 1990 and 1991, but it hadn't hit the market again in decades. Now, that's all changing as the retro runner is gearing up for a return! Dressed up in white, dark blue and yellow the Air Span II sports bold branding on the lateral side of the sneaker toward the heel, similar to the Air Stab that debuted in the same year.


Udaipur is tagged as a destination for weddings and a hub for tantalizing events, which flows round the year. Be it Udaipur Music Festival, Lake Festival, Lantern Festival, concerts, award functions, and all the big fat Indian weddings, Udaipur has been lucky enough in the matter of witnessing astonishing events.
But the saddening thing on the same hand is a scarcity of efficient event planners in the town. Managing an event and making it like a fairy tale is an art not everyone has. However, if your instincts are attracted towards this, then you have prompt reasons to follow it.
With a continuing legacy of 2.5+ years, EduWings is constantly motivating students to follow up their passions and spruce up their talent. The only institute of the state that stands strong with just one motive – Make your passion your work, is EduWings.
It is constantly proving itself as a single stop stage for all sorts of courses like event management, internet marketing, soft skills and much more.Since India is a multicultural country, keeping in mind the huge amount of festivities, a career in event management is never dull. An event management qualification will give you the opportunity to develop creative skills and talents in order to work on large-scale projects and build a creative vision together. But it's a sigh that there are few good event management companies in Udaipur. So, you can be one of the biggest event managers of the millennium by just improving your event management skills and knowledge through EduWings. At EduWings you will learn how to bring ideas to life and spend time coming up with creative themes, formats, liaising, organizing, and communicating with clients.
The event industry is a fast growing and dynamic sector offering opportunities to work on anything from a small function at home to a wedding, festival or a charity show. Moreover, event management is a fast growing area, which can be a thrilling subject for getting a job in the industry or setting up your own business.
So why to wander around and regret when you have wings of knowledge to fly with at EduWings. EduWings is a leading event management institute in Rajasthan.


The End Cap Finishing Stitch is a technique for weaving in that last stitch in a row of crochet.
The End Cap Finishing Stitch creates a tidy corner on the end of a row of crochet. This weaves in the yarn tail at the end of the row but does it with style!
In our never-ending quest to fine tune our stitching and finishing techniques, we wanted a way to both weave in the tail from that last stitch but do it in a way that didn't look all wonky.
The End Cap Finishing Stitch is especially helpful when the end of your crochet row won't have a border or another piece of fabric stitched onto it and this last stitch will show as part of the finished project. The End Cap Finishing Stitch provides and neat and tidy end cap while weaving in the tail invisibly.
Why use it? Because you are proud of your work and want every stitch to look as good as it possibly can. And, when a technique is this easy, who NOT use it?
NOTE: The End Cap Finishing Stitch works equally well on the last stitch of a knitting row. The technique for knitting will be similar to the single crochet example we show below.
Click the "Read More" link for the full tutorial.
Here's a list of materials we used to make today's End Cap Finishing Stitch tutorial. While you can, of course, use any materials you have on hand, these materials listed are what we recommend you use while you are learning.
We used three swatches for today's crochet tutorial. As is usually the case, we used foundation stitches to start our swatches. If you'd like to do the same, here are tutorials for each of those foundation stitches. Really, if you haven't tried these, you really should.
We're going to demonstrate this technique on three different stitches: Single Crochet (sc), Half Double Crochet (hdc), and Double Crochet (dc).
NOTE: You can click on any of these photos to enlarge them. They won't open a new window or anything. Personally, I need to enlarge them to see all the details… it's easier than getting out a freakin' magnifying glass… (grumble grumble).
1. Here we are at the end of our swatch… yes… it's a tiny little swatch. We're only demonstrating the very last stitch so there's no need for a great big ol' swatch.
We have made our last single crochet stitch and are ready to cut the yarn.
2. Yarn cut… tail pulled through the last stitch.
3. Grab your yarn needle and thread the tail through it.
4. Where you are going to insert your needle for making the End Cap Finishing Stitch for a single crochet stitch will take a little thought here.
When you reached the end of the row 2 rows below (see NOTE below) your working row, you had a loop on your hook before you did your chain 1 to move up to the row 1 row below your working row. That loop on your hook is now sitting there at the end of the row 1 row below your working row with two vertical bars facing outward. It looks like a chain stitch on the outside of the row 1 row below.
You are going to insert your needle from back to front under those two vertical bars of that stitch as shown here in the photo.
To help you visualize this stitch better, go back to the end of your single crochet row and make that last stitch, turn, chain 1, then make your first single crochet of the next row. Do this S-L-O-W-L-Y and you will see exactly where this little end stitch comes from.
NOTE: When instructed to work in stitch 2 rows below, insert hook in indicated stitch in the row numbered 2 less than the row you are working. For example, if you are working Row 5, a stitch "2 row below" is in Row 5 – 2 = Row 3.
5. We've pulled the needle through so you can see how this makes the first side of the End Cap Finishing Stitch.
6. Now you are going to insert your needle back into the stitch where the tail came from originally. This is exactly how we make the Duplicate Stitch for finishing crochet and knitting in the round or in the middle of a row.
7. We want you to see how the back of this looks. Note that we are also inserting the hook through the loop under the head of the single crochet stitch.
When you are making a single crochet stitch, this loop is the second loop on your hook before you "yarn over and draw up a loop" to complete the stitch.
Go ahead… make a single crochet stitch slowly so you can see exactly how this loop is created. You will have a much better understanding of how this technique works.
8. Pull the yarn all the way through the loops and VOILA! Weave in the rest of the tail as usual and you have a neat, clean, tidy corner finish.
NOTE: Be mindful of your tension here as you are making this stitch. If you pull the tail too tight, you will get a scrunched up end instead of a nice corner. Adjust the tension as needed to achieve the look you want.
1. Like before, we've cut the working yarn WITHOUT making one more chain stitch at the end of the last stitch of the row. We've also threaded the needle.
Look closely and you'll see that we've inserted the needle from back to front between the two vertical bars of the half double crochet stitch created when we inserted our hook into the last stitch and drew up a loop. Easy to see… fiddle with it a little bit until you can get it right in the middle of these vertical bars as shown in the photo.
3. …again making sure the needle goes through the head of the stitch and through the loop just below the head of the stitch.
4. Pull the yarn through and there you go!
As always, we don't block these tutorial swatches because we want you to see exactly what your work should look like as you go through the tutorials.
Here you can see the End Cap Finishing Stitch just melts into the fabric. All you or anybody else is going to notice is a clean and tidy corner.
1. Here we go with a double crochet stitch. Again, working yarn cut, no knots, needle threaded, and GO!
Insert your needle from front to back through the two vertical bars at the base of the double crochet stitch. Yup… same as we did for the half double crochet stitch.
2. Watching your tension, pull the yarn through and insert the needle back into the head of the double crochet stitch where the tail came from originally.
3. View from the back of the stitch showing how we carefully made sure the needle went through the head of the double crochet stitch AND the loop just under the head. This secures the tail nicely and provides the starting path for weaving in the rest of the tail.
4. Pull the yarn through and, if your tension is right, you'll have a neat and tidy corner that just blends right in to the rest of your crochet fabric.
Despite how simple this technique is, that doesn't mean it is necessarily easy to do properly. As we all know, SIMPLE does not always equal EASY. Mmmhhmmm… we hear you all nodding. What makes this technique so easy is just doing it a few times. The key is to be mindful of the tension of the yarn as you make the End Cap Finishing Stitch so the resulting stitch blends in seamlessly with the rest of the fabric.
Like we always say: With any new technique it takes a few times to get the muscles to coordinate so the result is flawless and effortless. That's okay… work the End Cap Finishing Stitch a few times. That's how we get better at what we do and how we make our already good crochet skills FAB!
And… hey… if you aren't happy with your experiment rip it out and go again! You'll get it!
Thanks for dropping by for another Technique Tuesday! Our goal is to build the skillz of our FAB fiber community here on the web and it's always great to hear from you all that what we are doing is helping you and your fiber friends.
Check back weekly for our Technique Tuesday features and make sure you check us out on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest. Those links are down there at the bottom of the post. We'd love to hear from you!
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text:
Added on 28th December 2013 Sam Griffiths Lily Allen , Music , Opinion , Robin Thicke
2013 – The Year Robin Thicke Made Me A Feminist
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Sam Griffiths looks back at this years most controversial moment in music, and the impact it's had on the gender debate in the media
Whether Robin Thicke's 'Blurred Lines' video is a joke, a true representation of a night out for him, or as Tricia Romano put it, "kind of rapey", it worked. The biggest selling single of the year, and a Youtube viewership of over 293 million is generally classed as a success. Yet, as a society, should we not be worried that something which warranted Romano's description, has become such a huge hit and a way for someone to make money?
I think we should. However Thicke defends the video, claiming it was meant to push boundaries for example, but that doesn't distract from the fact that the video was made. With efforts to objectify women in a way that hasn't reached such ridiculous heights before, he shows an immaturity which shouldn't be there. If the video was intended as a feature film for cinematic release, I wouldn't be surprised if it received an NC-17 rating by the MPAA in America.
Though often criticised for their views on nudity and swearing, the film would have a limited audience of adults, more likely to understand the joke if that is what is intended (or find it "rapey"). But it isn't. The video is accessible content which is easily watched on websites like Vevo. This expands the potential viewership to everyone, including an ever expanding technological generation of young children. Yet the content seems to get a free ride simply because it's a music video.
Yet, from a career point of view, it's easy to understand why Thicke (or anyone else for that matter) would make a video like this. For someone who had only one previous hit in the US Billboard 200's top 50, it must have seemed like a great idea. It may well still to this day. Monetary wise? Yes. Morally? No. I refuse to accept that something which causes such a purposeful stir in the feminist community is a good way of making money though.
The big thing that opened my eyes to the problem of misogyny in music was reading an article written by Lauren Mayberry, the lead vocalist of electronic band CHVRCHES. Mayberry writes about reading each and every message that the band receives on Facebook, and is continuously told that she will be attacked sexually. This isn't about feminism. It is about the basic treatment of women.
For someone to have to read such vile insults in order to reach messages from genuine fans just isn't acceptable. For someone to open their e-mail every day and be repeatedly told that they will be raped, is downright disgusting. There is definitely a difference between people's behaviour online and in everyday life. It's almost as if they truly believe there will be no consequences from their online personas.
The first place to go for this kind of sexism is to read the comments on the Youtube page of the 'Blurred Lines' video. The sexism is stifling. Toward the models in the video, who effectively put themselves up for abuse by agreeing to appear in the video, and anyone who argues against what Thicke has done. There appears to be a feeling that people can say whatever they like there, and hide behind the video. It's worrying how the video has almost given life to the vocalisation of these views, which had limited publicity before the video.
What pushed me further on the subject was the reaction to Lily Allen's video for 'Hard Out Here'. It's not just intended as a parody, but a response to Robin Thicke's video. A way for Allen to suggest that he's got it wrong whether it's a joke or not. Other female artists applauded Allen for the displeasure she voiced, not just at Thicke, but the whole music industry. Laura Mvula said it made her "cry with happiness". The original reaction was good, but then claims that Allen had racist undertones in the video were made.
The original message Allen was making was completely glossed over. Obviously, if the video did have racist elements, then that is completely unacceptable, but I find it hard to believe that she would release a video that was so strongly against sexism but yet be racist at the same time. The criticism basically removed any impact that the video was able to have. Thicke's critics just gave him more publicity, where as those criticising Allen damaged her message.
My anger isn't solely at Robin Thicke. His video is fuelling sexism and abuse, and is bringing more people to believe actions like that are acceptable. Yet sexism in music lies deeper than just the release of 'Blurred Lines'. I do think however, that he's an unnecessary cog in a problem which shouldn't exist in the modern day, and in reality, he just needs to grow up.
P.S. The performance with Miley Cyrus at the VMA's was just ridiculous.
by Sam Griffiths


text:
Home Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University page0421
Palm oil factory effluent treatment by anaerobic digestion in lagoons
PALM OIL FACTORY EFFLUENT TREATMENT BY
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION IN LAGOONS
Alan Southworth, Production Controller
Guthrie Research Chemara
Seremban, Kuala Lampur
The main purpose of this paper is to report on the design, installation and start-up
of a pretreatment system for palm oil factory effluent using anaerobic digestion in
lagoons.
For those not familiar with the crop some background information is also provided
on the oil palm, the palm oil extraction process and Malaysian Government requirements
for effluent disposal.
THE OIL PALM
The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) is indigenous to west and central Africa but is
now grown as a plantation crop in many tropical areas of the world. In 1978 Malaysia
had about 0.75 million hectares under oil palm cultivation and is currently the largest
exporter of oil palm products.
The oil palm produces fresh fruit bunches (FFB) throughout the year, although
there are considerable monthly fluctuations in yield. The average yield in Malaysia is
about 23 metric tons FFB/hectare for mature palms.
Palms are planted at a density of around 135 per hectare and each palm will produce
about 9 or 10 fruit bunches per year. Bunches weigh between 10 and 32 kg; the average
is about 19 kg. An average bunch contains 1000 fruit which each consist of a fleshy
mesocarp enclosing a nut. Palm oil is extracted from the mesocarp and palm kernels
from the nut. Palm oil forms about 22% of the weight of the bunch and palm kernels
about 4.5%. The overall yield of palm oil per mature hectare is therefore approximately
5 metric tons and of palm kernels 1 metric ton.
THE PALM OIL EXTRACTION PROCESS
In Malaysia, FFB are processed in central factories to extract crude palm oil which is
sold to edible oil refiners for conversion into products such as cooking oils, margarines,
etc. Palm kernels are also extracted and sold to seed crushers to produce palm kernel oil.
Palm oil extraction factories vary in capacity from throughputs of 10 metric tons FFB
per hour to 60 metric tons FFB per hour. A simplified flow diagram of the oil extraction
process is shown in Figure 1. Only small amounts of effluent are generated in the palm
kernel extraction process; this is not shown in the diagram. The process is in four stages-
sterilization, stripping, digestion/pressing and clarification.
In this stage FFB is subjected to a steam treatment in horizontal cylindrical pressure
vessels. Steam pressures of two atmospheres are used for about 75 minutes for each
charge. Charges of between 10 and 20 metric tons FFB per sterilizer are normally used.
The purposes of sterilization are:   (a) To loosen individual fruit from bunches; (b) To
inactivate an enzyme which produces free fatty acids in palm oil; and (c) To soften the
fruit mesocarp for further processing.
Title Palm oil factory effluent treatment by anaerobic digestion in lagoons
Author Southworth, Alan
Title page0421
Transcript PALM OIL FACTORY EFFLUENT TREATMENT BY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION IN LAGOONS Alan Southworth, Production Controller Guthrie Research Chemara Seremban, Kuala Lampur Malaysia INTRODUCTION The main purpose of this paper is to report on the design, installation and start-up of a pretreatment system for palm oil factory effluent using anaerobic digestion in lagoons. For those not familiar with the crop some background information is also provided on the oil palm, the palm oil extraction process and Malaysian Government requirements for effluent disposal. THE OIL PALM The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) is indigenous to west and central Africa but is now grown as a plantation crop in many tropical areas of the world. In 1978 Malaysia had about 0.75 million hectares under oil palm cultivation and is currently the largest exporter of oil palm products. The oil palm produces fresh fruit bunches (FFB) throughout the year, although there are considerable monthly fluctuations in yield. The average yield in Malaysia is about 23 metric tons FFB/hectare for mature palms. Palms are planted at a density of around 135 per hectare and each palm will produce about 9 or 10 fruit bunches per year. Bunches weigh between 10 and 32 kg; the average is about 19 kg. An average bunch contains 1000 fruit which each consist of a fleshy mesocarp enclosing a nut. Palm oil is extracted from the mesocarp and palm kernels from the nut. Palm oil forms about 22% of the weight of the bunch and palm kernels about 4.5%. The overall yield of palm oil per mature hectare is therefore approximately 5 metric tons and of palm kernels 1 metric ton. THE PALM OIL EXTRACTION PROCESS In Malaysia, FFB are processed in central factories to extract crude palm oil which is sold to edible oil refiners for conversion into products such as cooking oils, margarines, etc. Palm kernels are also extracted and sold to seed crushers to produce palm kernel oil. Palm oil extraction factories vary in capacity from throughputs of 10 metric tons FFB per hour to 60 metric tons FFB per hour. A simplified flow diagram of the oil extraction process is shown in Figure 1. Only small amounts of effluent are generated in the palm kernel extraction process; this is not shown in the diagram. The process is in four stages- sterilization, stripping, digestion/pressing and clarification. Sterilization In this stage FFB is subjected to a steam treatment in horizontal cylindrical pressure vessels. Steam pressures of two atmospheres are used for about 75 minutes for each charge. Charges of between 10 and 20 metric tons FFB per sterilizer are normally used. The purposes of sterilization are: (a) To loosen individual fruit from bunches; (b) To inactivate an enzyme which produces free fatty acids in palm oil; and (c) To soften the fruit mesocarp for further processing. 421
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The One Griffinstone building is centrally located in Filinvest Corporate city Alabang Muntinlupa. Known as the emerging financial district South of Manila, Filinvest Corporate City combines modern city infrastructure and an extensive suite of lifestyle areas to balance work and leisure. One Griffinstone building is situated in the commerce avenue near Festival Mall Alabang. With a modern architectural design and backed with technological features in building management, One Griffinstone building is a truly modern workplace that features private offices, flexible workspaces and coworking spaces.
We have flexible office spaces to support startups, offshore teams and BPO equipped offices to support contact centre operations.
We have office flexible spaces to support startups, offshore teams and BPO equipped offices to support contact centre operations.


text:
The Friends of Modern Architecture/Lincoln Modernism Award
Presented at FoMA's Annual Meeting, the Annual Award celebrates the continuing positive impact of Modern design in Lincoln, through the re-use, preservation, documentation, and creation of Modern buildings, structures, and landscapes that make a substantial contribution to the permanent built environment. The Award recognizes those building owners, design teams, and advocacy and preservation individuals and organizations that have made significant efforts to retain, restore, continue, and advocate for the aesthetic and cultural value Modern design in Lincoln.
The Award is designed to recognize the following categories:
DESIGN PROJECTS This award category recognizes informed, thoughtful design efforts to preserve, restore, adapt, or create a Modern building, structure, landscape, or other intervention of local, regional, or national significance, securing its presence for future generations. In the Design category, the areas of consideration include: Residential, Commercial, and Institutional or Civic architecture, landscape architecture, or other public creations.
PRESERVATION PROJECTS This award category recognizes efforts to preserve, or significantly retain, a Modern building, structure, or landscape of local, regional, or national significance, securing its presence for future generations. In the Preservation category, the areas of consideration include: Residential, Commercial, and Institutional or Civic architecture, landscape architecture, or other public creations.
INVENTORY/SURVEY PROJECTS This award category recognizes exceptional efforts to document, inventory, or create a preservation plan for one or more Modern buildings, structures, or landscapes of local, regional, or national significance. Considerations in this category include how the project contributes to the advancement of knowledge and awareness of Modern resources, and the realized and potential impacts of the project in regards to furthering the understanding and awareness of the contributions of Modern resources to history.
ADVOCACY PROJECTS This award category recognizes outstanding efforts to preserve and advocate for threatened Modern buildings, structures, or landscapes of local, regional, or national significance through advocacy efforts. This award seeks to recognize individuals, preservation and advocacy organizations, and other groups who have gone above and beyond to work individually, collectively, or collaboratively to advocate for a Modern site or structure.
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE 2018 AWARD WINNER, HISTORIC NEW ENGLAND AND IT'S PRESIDENT AND CEO CARL NOLD >>
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE 2017 AWARD WINNER, additions to LIncoln Historic District >>
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE 2016 AWARD WINNER, THE WALDEN POND VISITOR CENTER >>
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE 2015 AWARD WINNER, THE HOOVER/Giese FAMILY>>