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Tarent [] ( [] , Tàrdə im lokalen Dialekt Tarandíne, , ) ist die Hauptstadt der gleichnamigen Provinz Tarent und liegt in Apulien (Süditalien), am Golf von Tarent im Ionischen Meer. Tarent hat  Einwohner (Stand: ).
Tarent, das einst von griechischen Siedlern gegründet wurde, ist die Stadt der zwei Meere und der Drehbrücke, deren antikes Zentrum die rund 34 Hektar große Insel Isola del Borgo Antico bildet (mit dem Castello Aragonese), die das Mittelmeer (Mar Grande) von einer hinter der Insel liegenden Lagune (Mar Piccolo) trennt.

Tarent nimmt zusammen mit Pilone, Ortsteil von Ostuni (BR) und Santa Maria di Leuca (LE), eine wichtige Stellung im Salent ein.
Tarent ist ein großer Handelshafen mit Stahlindustrie, einer Raffinerie, petrochemischen Werken und Zementfabriken, einer Schiffswerft sowie einem Marinestützpunkt.

Die gleichnamige Provinz besteht aus 29 Gemeinden. In ihr sind die Einwohner hauptsächlich in der Landwirtschaft, Fischerei, Muschelzucht (zirka 30.000 t jährlich) und Industrie (Chemie, Ernährung, Textil, Holz, Glas, Keramik) beschäftigt. In Tarent und dem nördlichen Teil der gleichnamigen Provinz Tarent wird Tarandíne, ein Dialekt der italienischen Sprache gesprochen.

Geographie

Tarent, das auch die "Stadt der zwei Meere" genannt wird, liegt am Ionischen Meer, das dort ins kleine Meer (Mar Piccolo) und ins große Meer (Mar Grande) unterteilt wird: Das kleine Meer wird von dem großen Meer durch zwei Halbinseln getrennt, die in einem Golf enden. Beide Meere umschließen die Insel Isola del Borgo Antico, die der ursprüngliche Kern der Stadt war. Diese Insel wird durch zwei Brücken, die Ponte di Porta Napoli und die Ponte Girevole, über dem schiffbaren Kanal mit dem Festland verbunden. Von der Drehbrücke aus kann man das Castello Aragonese bewundern.

Das Mar Grande, auch Reede genannt, wird durch die Cheradi-Inseln (San Pietro, San Paolo) und das Capo San Vito vom Ionischen Meer getrennt. Das Mar Piccolo ist als ein Binnenmeer zu betrachten, darum bestehen Probleme des Wasseraustausches. Seine zwei Meerbusen werden durch die Ponte Punta Penna Pizzone geteilt, die Brücke, die die Landspitzen Penna und Pizzone miteinander verbindet. Der erste Meeresbusen hat die Form eines Dreiecks, dessen südlicher Teil in den zweiten Meeresbusen und der westliche auf das Mar Grande über den Porta-Napoli-Kanal übergeht; der zweite Meeresbusen hat jedoch eine elliptische Form, dessen Breite bis zu 5 km misst.

Die verschiedenen Strömungen und der unterschiedliche Salzgehalt des Meerwassers im Mar Grande und in den beiden Meeresbusen des Mar Piccolo werden von den Winden, den Gezeiten und von unterseeischen Quellen beeinflusst. Im nördlichen Teil der beiden Meeresbusen gibt es einige unterseeische Süßwasserquellen, Citri genannt, die zusammen mit Brackwasser eine ideale Bedingung zur Zucht von Miesmuscheln sind. Außerdem mündet in den ersten Meeresbusen der Fluss Galesus.

Die Stadt hat sich längs der schon erwähnten Küsten entwickelt; die alte Vorstadt befindet sich auf der Insel. Auf der Halbinsel im Osten befindet sich das Stadtviertel Borgo (Borgo Nuovo), das heutige Stadtzentrum. Die Stadtviertel Italia-Montegranaro, Salinella, Solito-Corvisea, Tre Carrare-Battisti, Talsano-San Donato, San Vito-Lama-Carelli bilden die heutige Entwicklungsachse der Stadt.
Auf der Halbinsel im Westen befinden sich das Stadtviertel Tamburi, das Industriegebiet und der Handelshafen. Dezentralisierter, im Norden des Mar Piccolo befindet sich das Stadtviertel Paolo VI.

Die Entwicklung der Stadt, längs der Halbinseln, begann Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts, denn vorher lebten die Einwohner der Stadt nur auf der Insel. Davon zeugt das Geflecht von Gassen in der Altstadt. Um auch nur den kleinsten Freiraum auszunützen, baute man die Häuser dicht nebeneinander. Dies vereinfachte auch die Verteidigung im Falle einer Invasion. In der Neustadt dagegen überwiegt eine rationellere fächerförmige Anordnung der Häuser.

Stadtgliederung

Tarent gliedert sich in sechs Stadtbezirke:

Mythologie
Nach der Mythologie geht die Gründung Tarents auf die Zeit etwa 1200 Jahre vor der Gründung Roms zurück, als der Halbgott Taras, Sohn Neptuns, in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt, an der Mündung des Flusses Tara, eine Siedlung anlegte.

Geschichte

Die frühesten Siedlungsspuren stammen aus der Jungsteinzeit und wurden im Bereich des Klosters von San Domenico unter wesentlich jüngeren Schichten der Bronze- und frühen Eisenzeit (s. u.) entdeckt.
Während der Bronzezeit existierten im Bereich des heutigen Stadtgebiets und der Umgebung mehrere Siedlungen, die teilweise intensivere Handelskontakte zum mykenischen Griechenland unterhielten. Reste einer bedeutendsten Siedlung wurden bei Notgrabungen 1899 am sogenannten Scoglio del Tonno, einer Anhöhe direkt gegenüber der Altstadt (Cità vecchia), archäologisch erforscht. Sie war vom 18. bis mindestens ins 11. Jahrhundert v. Chr. dauerhaft besiedelt. Ab ca. 1400 v. Chr. bestanden dauerhafte Kontakte zum ägäischen Raum, wie vor allem zahlreiche Fragmente mykenischer Keramik belegen. Bronzeobjekte offenbaren teilweise Parallelen zu Norditalien, weshalb das bronzezeitliche Tarent als eine Drehscheibe des damaligen Handels angesehen wird. Einheimische Keramik aus der frühen Eisenzeit sowie vereinzelte griechische Importe weisen auf eine Besiedlung auch im 9. und 8. und womöglich auch noch nach 700 v. Chr. hin.  Weitere Funde aus der mittleren Bronzezeit bis zur Zeit der griechischen Kolonisation Tarents traten 1990 bei Grabungen bei der Kirche San Domenico, im Westen der Altstadt Tarents, zu Tage.

Durch Schriftquellen ist die Geschichte der Stadt erst für die Zeit ab dem späten 8. Jahrhundert relativ gut belegt, als, laut (allerdings späteren) antiken Überlieferungen, eine Gruppe von spartanischen Kolonisten bzw. Flüchtlingen in der Nähe von Tarent eintraf und die Vorgängersiedlung in eine griechische Polis umgewandelt haben soll. Nach der Tradition geschah dies 706/705 v. Chr. durch den Spartaner Phalentos. Benannt wurde die Siedlung nach dem nahen Fluss Taras. Sie bestand aus der ursprünglichen Halbinsel, heute der Insel zwischen Mar Grande und Mar Piccolo, an dem die Hafenbauten entstanden. Sie besaß eine Akropolis und eine Stadtmauer. Bald wurde die für ihren Reichtum berühmte Stadt, die einzige Apoikie Spartas, ein wichtiges Machtzentrum der Magna Graecia, das zugleich die Hegemonie über die Japyger und die Messapier errang. Schon im 5. Jahrhundert entstand ein neuer, weiterer Mauerring, und Tarent wurde zur Hegemonialmacht im Italiotenbund, einem Koinon der griechischen Städte Süditaliens.

Die Stadt geriet im 3. Jahrhundert in Konflikt mit Rom und wurde 272 v. Chr., trotz Unterstützung durch König Pyrrhus von Epiros, von den Römern erobert. Die Stadt blieb danach zunächst nominell unabhängig, wurde aber von griechischen Romfreunden dominiert und fiel im Zweiten Punischen Krieg 213 v. Chr. zu Hannibal ab, der ihr die Freiheit versprach und dem sie die Stadttore öffnete. Truppen unter Führung des Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus eroberten Tarent 209 endgültig. Kaiser Nero siedelte um 60 n. Chr. römische Veteranen in Tarent an, das erst jetzt seinen griechischen Charakter verlor.

Die folgende Zeit bis in das Hochmittelalter ist wenig erforscht. In der ausgehenden Spätantike war die Stadt wieder stark befestigt. Um 547 rief Tarent den oströmischen Feldherrn Johannes aus Otranto zu Hilfe, der das Stadtareal stark verkleinerte, um Tarent überhaupt verteidigen zu können. So trennte er den Teil am Isthmus vom eigentlichen Stadtareal ab, befestigte ihn stark, und konzentrierte dort die Bevölkerung, auch die des Umlandes. 550 wurde die Stadt dennoch von dem Ostgoten Totila erobert. Als Kommandanten setzte er Ragnaris ein, der versuchte, die oströmische Gegenoffensive unter Narses abzuwehren. Doch wurde er von dem oströmischen Kommandanten Pacurius besiegt. Angeblich soll Narses seinem Schutzpatron zwei Sankt-Theodor-Kirchen gewidmet haben. Dort, wo heute die Altstadt ist, wurde Tarent anschließend erneut aufgebaut.

Tarent stand im Frühmittelalter unter häufig wechselnder Herrschaft. 663 führte Kaiser Konstans II. eine Armee zur Rückeroberung des von den Langobarden von Benevent besetzten Gebietes auch nach Tarent, doch scheiterte am Ende der Angriff auf Benevent. Danach gelangte Tarent mit seinem Umland in langobardischen Besitz. Nur wenig ist über diese Zeit bekannt. So weiß man von einigen Schenkungen an das Kloster Montecassino, und von der Gefangenschaft des Fürsten Siginolf, der 838 wieder freikam.

Die Stadt wurde 839 erstmals von Sarazenen unter Führung eines Saba erobert, dessen Flotte diejenige der Venezianer besiegte, die im Auftrag Konstantinopels die Muslime vertreiben sollte. Drei Jahre später ist die Gegenwart eines "Apolaffar" belegt, der möglicherweise aus der muslimischen Kolonie Kreta stammte. Die Sarazenen, also islamisierte Araber und Berber, errichteten von 846 bis 880 ein Emirat. Dieses wurde allerdings 846 bis 847 und erneut 851 bis 852 erobert. Der fränkische Mönch und Pilger Bernardus berichtet vom Handel mit christlichen Sklaven, die vom Hafen verschifft wurden. 880 eroberte der byzantinische Feldherr Leon Apostyppes die Stadt für Konstantinopel zurück. Es entstand binnen eines Jahrzehnts eine Art Provinzverwaltung, ein Thema. Dennoch blieb die Stadt gefährdet. So wurde sie am 15. August 927 von Sarazenen unter Führung des Slawen Sabir geplündert und zerstört. Erst ab 967 wurde sie von dem Strategen Nikephoros Hexakionides wieder aufgebaut.

Den Normannen gelang die Eroberung der Stadt erst in der 2. Hälfte des 11. Jahrhunderts, wobei Byzanz unter Georgios Maniakes noch 1037 bis 1043 versucht hatte, Sizilien zurückzuerobern, was im Ostteil auch gelang. Trotz dieses kurzlebigen Erfolges wurde Maniakes von Kaiser Konstantin IX. seines Kommandos enthoben, woraufhin sich der Feldherr von seinen Truppen selbst zum Kaiser ausrufen ließ. Beim Vormarsch auf die Hauptstadt Konstantinopel kam er jedoch in einer Schlacht ums Leben. Die territorialen Grundlagen des Fürstentums Tarent wurden wohl 1086 gelegt. Die Stadt war noch immer stark griechisch geprägt und hatte eine blühende jüdische Gemeinde. Friedrich II. vermachte das Fürstentum seinem Sohn Manfred.

Unter den Anjou wurde das Fürstentum zunächst eingezogen, dann jedoch Philipp, den Sohn Karls II. von Anjou verlehnt. Innerhalb der Stadt entstand eine Schicht, die von den Herren eine Reihe von Konzessionen und Privilegien erwirkte. 1399 erlangte vor dem Hintergrund der dynastischen Kämpfe um den Thron von Neapel Raimondello del Balzo-Orsini, der Ehemann der Gräfin von Lecce, Maria d'Enghien, das Fürstentum. Nach dessen Tod ging das Fürstentum wiederum durch die Ehe der Maria mit Ladislaus von Anjou-Durazzo an diesen über, um schließlich 1420–1463 an den Sohn Marias und Raimondellos, Giovanni Antonio Del Balzo-Orsini überzugehen. Aragon setzte schließlich dieser Machtballung ein Ende.

Im Gegensatz zur Periode der Balzo-Orsini, als die Stadt eher von geringer Bedeutung war, entwickelten sich nun stärkere ökonomische Aktivitäten und eine zunehmende Bautätigkeit. 1494 fiel die Stadt kurzzeitig an Frankreich, wurde aber von den Aragonesen zurückerobert. Die Periode des spanischen Vizekönigtums begann mit der Belagerung durch Truppen des Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba und der Kapitulation am 1. März 1502.

Am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts wurde Tarent ein Marinestützpunkt. Ein britischer Angriff auf den Hafen von Tarent am 11. November 1940 mit Flugzeugen, die von einem Flugzeugträger aus starteten, gilt als Vorbild für den Angriff der Japaner auf Pearl Harbor ein Jahr später.

Wichtige Vertreter der Philosophie und Literatur, die in Tarent geboren wurden, sind: Archytas, Livius Andronicus und Aristoxenos.

Wirtschaft

Tarent verdankt seine Existenz seit jeher seinen Meeren. Das süße und reine Wasser der Quellen, das gemäßigte Klima, die grünen Küsten und der abwechslungsreiche Fischreichtum machten aus der Stadt einen großzügigen und ertragreichen Ort für die Bewohner und einen reichen und sicheren Hafen für die Seefahrer des Mittelmeers. Aus diesen Gründen war das Tarent der Magna Graecia ein wichtiges Handelszentrum, vor allem mit Griechenland und Kleinasien.

Der Hafen von Tarent liegt an der nördlichen Küste des Golfes von Tarent und hat sowohl in strategischer wie auch in kommerzieller Hinsicht eine wichtige Rolle. Die Anlagen des Handels- und Industriehafens liegen im Nordwesten des Mar Grande.

Das moderne Tarent hat eine schnelle Verwandlung erlebt. In kurzer Zeit wurde aus der Fischerstadt mit Marinearsenal durch den Bau des IV. Stahlzentrums Italsider (ILVA) eine Industriestadt.

Infrastruktur

Öffentliche Verkehrsmittel
Der öffentliche Personennahverkehr wird vom Verkehrsunternehmen AMAT AG (Azienda per la Mobilità nell'Area di Taranto) betrieben.

Der Bahnhof Taranto wird von den Bahnstrecken Bari–Taranto, Taranto–Brindisi und Taranto–Reggio di Calabria der Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS) sowie der Bahnstrecke Bari–Martina Franca–Taranto der Ferrovie del Sud Est bedient.

Yachthafen Tarent

Der Yachthafen Marina di Taranto befindet sich innerhalb des Handelshafens, am Molo Sant'Eligio in der Altstadt. Dank seiner Lage ist er gegen die Meeresströmungen des Ionischen Meeres, den feucht-heißen Südwind (genannt "Scirocco") und den Mistralwind geschützt. Die Anlage ist mit schwimmenden Landungsstegen für 250 Boote vorgesehen und hat einen Kai für bis zu 40 m lange Wasserfahrzeuge.

Es werden kommerzielle und touristische Dienstleistungen angeboten. Das 2002 gegründete Unternehmen "Italia Navigando" fördert das zukünftige Wachstum dieser und anderer Anlagen in Italien.

Kultur und Sehenswürdigkeiten
Tarent teilt sich in Altstadt und Neustadt:
 Die Altstadt, die heute als Insel erscheint, war ursprünglich eine Halbinsel. Die bauliche Struktur der Altstadt in diesem Bereich befindet sich derzeit in einem desaströsen Zustand. Viele Häuser sind verlassen, einsturzgefährdet oder bereits Ruinen. Die Altstadt von Tarent ist im gegenwärtigen Zustand als drastisches Beispiel von Stadtentkernung zu betrachten.
 * Das griechische Tarent war, wenn man den städtebaulichen Gesichtspunkt und die hellenische Tradition betrachtet, in seiner Zeit des größten Glanzes in Akropolis, Polis und Nekropolis unterteilt.
 * Die Akropolis ist identisch mit dem höchsten Teil der Stadt, Sitz der wichtigsten Tempel, der öffentlichen Gebäude und der berühmtesten Denkmäler (die aktuelle Insel).
 * Die Polis, das Wohnviertel, befindet sich im Westen des Borgo bis Via Leonida.
 * Die Nekropolis garantierte die ewige Ruhe der Verstorbenen (der aktuelle Ostteil des Borgo).

 Die längsten Seiten der trapezförmigen Neustadt werden vom Mar Grande und vom Mar Piccolo abgegrenzt (daher der Name "Stadt der zwei Meere").

In ganz Tarent gibt es Gebäude und Palazzi, die historischen Persönlichkeiten der Stadt gehörten.

Historische Altstadt
 Piazza Castello:
 Drehbrücke (Ponte Girevole), welche die historische Insel zusammen mit einer Steinbrücke (Ponte di Porta Napoli) mit dem Festland verbindet
 Dorischer Tempel
 Castello Aragonese
 Palazzo di Città
 Via Duomo:
 Ehemaliges Kloster San Francesco
 Palazzo Galeota aus dem Jahr 1728 mit Ethnographischem Minimuseum
 Palazzo Fornaro mit Mittelalterlichem Museum
 Dom San Cataldo, Kathedrale des Erzbistums Tarent
 Ehemaliges Kloster (heute Sitz des Amts für Denkmalpflege; archäologische Ausstellungen) und Kirche San Domenico
 Piazza Monteoliveto:
 Santuario Madonna della Salute
 St. Andrea degli Armeni
 Geburtshaus des Komponisten Giovanni Paisiello
 Hypogäum von De Beaumont Bonelli Bellacicco mit historischem Haus.

Das neue Tarent
 Archäologisches Nationalmuseum
 Experimentelles Meereskundliches Institut von Tarent
 griechisch-römische Nekropolen
 Krypta des Erlösers
 Strandpromenade Lungomare
 Konkathedrale Gran Madre di Dior, Entwurf Gio Ponti, erbaut 1967–1971

Regelmäßige Veranstaltungen
Die wichtigsten Veranstaltungen im Jahreskalender:
 Karwoche
 Prozession der Jungfrau Maria
 Meeresprozession "Stella Maris"
 Palio von Tarent
 Erinnerung an die Hochzeit von Maria d'Enghien (1. Samstag im Mai)
 San Cataldo ist der Schutzpatron der Stadt und wird vom 8.–10. Mai gefeiert
 Jahrestag des Christus des Meeres
 Historischer Motorradwettkampf "Mailand–Tarent"
 Oldtimer-Wettkampf "Tarantostorica"
 Internationale Tanzwoche Taranto Danza
 Internationaler Kongress über Großgriechenland
 Italienisches Festival der Küche mit der Tarenter Miesmuschel
 Tarenter Filmfestival
 Internationales Festival des Karnevals
 Internationale Judotrophäe "Città Taranto"
 Internationales weibliches Tennisturnier "Città Taranto"

Der Mythos im Stadtbild

An der Strandpromenade des Antiken Borgo befindet sich eine 140 m² große Keramiktafel, die die Legende der griechischen Besiedlung und den Ursprung Tarents darstellt. Das Werk wurde von der Künstlerin Silvana Galeone auf Entwurf des Centro Culturale Filonide realisiert. Inspiriert vom Mythos des spartanischen Helden Phalantos und einer überlieferten Antwort des Orakels von Delphi, das Folgendes ankündigte: "Wenn es bei heiterem Himmel regnen wird, wirst du neues Land und Stadt erobern." Als Phalantos an Bord auf einer langen Reise in Richtung Japygien (heutige Apulien) fuhr und seine Frau Aithra (griech.: Αἴθρα, d. h. heiterer Himmel) weinen sah, meinte er, das Orakel habe sich bewahrheitet. So gründete er, der Überlieferung zufolge, seine Stadt und nannte sie Satyrion, latinisiert Saturo. Saturo ist noch heute der Name eines modernen Badeorts, wenige Kilometer südlich von Tarent entfernt, bei dem sich auch der archäologische Park von Saturo befindet.

Gastronomie
Eine Besonderheit ist das Olivenöl Olio Terre Tarentine DOP.

Typische Gerichte sind: Cavatelli (eine Pastasorte) mit Miesmuscheln, Risotto mit Meeresfrüchten, Krake und Fisch vom Grill mit rohem oder gekochtem Gemüse. Typisch sind Orecchiette (Öhrchennudeln) mit cime di rapa oder Tomatensoße sowie Mozzarella und frischen Provolone oder Kalbsrouladen und Geflügelleber vom Grill, die mit Weinen aus diesem Gebiet begleitet werden: Aleatico DOC, Lizzano DOC, Martina Franca DOC, Primitivo di Manduria. Zum Abschluss reicht man Honig- und Mandelkuchen oder typische Carteddàte, Sannacchiùdere und Pettole, die zu besonderen Feiertagen zubereitet werden.

Sport
Die männliche Fußballmannschaft wird von der Gesellschaft AS Taranto Calcio, die weibliche von der Gesellschaft International Taranto repräsentiert.

Die weibliche Basketballmannschaft wird von der Gesellschaft Taranto Cras Basket dargestellt. Sie hat in der Saison 2002/2003 den Meistertitel, den italienischen Pokal und den italienischen Superpokal gewonnen.
Die Mannschaften des Rollstuhlbasketball sind Dream Team Taranto und Taranto Basket 93.

Die männliche Volleyballmannschaft wird von der Gesellschaft Taranto Volley repräsentiert.

Die männliche Mannschaft des American Football wird von der Gesellschaft AS Delfini Taranto repräsentiert.

Die männlichen Rugbymannschaften sind FC Rugby Taranto und AS Taranto Rugby.

Im Radsport war die Stadt mehrmals Etappenpunkt des Giro d'Italia:
 1995 (18. Mai): 6. Etappe, von Nicola Minali gewonnen.
 1997 (26. Mai): 10. Etappe, von Mario Cipollini gewonnen

Tarent war auch mehrfach Etappenpunkt des Giro d'Italia Vela der Segler:
 2004 (10. Juli): 10. Etappe, vom Team Milazzo gewonnen.
 2005 (5. Juli): 8. Etappe, vom Team Friuli Venezia Giulia gewonnen.
Die XX. Mittelmeerspiele finden 2026 in Tarent statt.

Sonstiges

 Loblied über Tarent, literarischer Auszug aus der Antike:

 Ihren Namen bezieht die Spinnenart Tarantel von der Stadt. Dasselbe gilt indirekt für den davon abgeleiteten Tanz, die Tarantella.

Fotos

Städtepartnerschaft
Partnerstadt von Tarent ist Tirana, die Hauptstadt Albaniens.

Persönlichkeiten
Tarent ist die Geburtsstadt zahlreicher berühmter Persönlichkeiten und viele haben einen Teil ihres Lebens in der Stadt verbracht – aber alle haben seit dem Altertum zur Geschichte der Stadt beigetragen.

Söhne und Töchter
 Nicola Fago (1677–1745), Komponist
 Mario Pasquale Costa (1858–1933), Komponist, Pianist und Tenor
 Michele Lacerenza (1922–1989), Trompeter und Filmkomponist
 Gino Marturano (* 1931), Schauspieler
 Elio Palumbo (1933–2004), Musikproduzent und Filmregisseur
 Cosimo Semeraro (1942–2021), Kirchenhistoriker
 Stefano Fantoni (* 1945), theoretischer Physiker
 Emanuele Greco (* 1945), Klassischer Archäologe
 Giancarlo De Cataldo (* 1956), Richter und Autor
 Donato Marzano (* 1956), Admiral
 Alessandro Albenga (* 1957), Organist
 Mariella Nava (* 1960), Sängerin und Liedermacherin
 Massimo Martella (* 1961), Filmregisseur und Drehbuchautor
 Cosimo Damiano Lanza (* 1962), Pianist, Cembalist und Komponist
 Roberto Garofoli (* 1966), Jurist, Beamter und parteiloser Politiker
 Gianpiero Palmieri (* 1966), katholischer Geistlicher, Bischof von Ascoli Piceno
 Michele Calella (* 1967), italienisch-deutscher Musikwissenschaftler
 Giacomo Abbruzzese (* 1983), Filmregisseur und Drehbuchautor
 Roberta Vinci (* 1983), Tennisspielerin
 Benedetta Pilato (* 2005), Schwimmerin

Personen mit Beziehung zur Stadt
 Ferdinando Acton (* 16. Juli 1832 in Neapel; † 1891 in Rom), Admiral, schaffte als Marineminister die Grundlagen für den Bau des Flottenstützpunktes in Tarent
 Livius Andronicus († zwischen 207 und 200 v. Chr.), Begründer der lateinischen bzw. römischen Literatur
 Giovanni Antonio Orsini del Balzo  (auch Giannantonio; * 1386 oder 1393; † 1463), Graf, Sohn von Raimondo Orsini del Balzo
 Raimondo Orsini del Balzo († 17. Januar 1406), Vater von Giovanni Antonio Orsini del Balzo
 Bohemund von Tarent (* 1051/52; † 7. März 1111), von 1085 bis 1111 Herzog von Tarent
 Joseph Bonaparte (* 7. Januar 1768 in Corte (Korsika); † 28. Juli 1844 in Florenz), ältester Bruder Napoléons und wurde von diesem erst als Joseph I. (ital.: Giuseppe I) zum König von Neapel (1806–1808) und dann ebenfalls als Joseph I. (span.: José I) zum König von Spanien (1808–1813) ernannt
 Cataldus (600–? in Irland) Mönch und ist als St. Cataldo Schutzpatron von Tarent
 Maria d'Enghien (* 1367 – † 9. Mai 1446), Gräfin
 Quintus Ennius (* 239 v. Chr. in Rudiae (Kalabrien) † 169 v. Chr.)
 Pierre-Ambroise-François Choderlos de Laclos (* 18. Oktober 1741 in Amiens; † 5. September 1803 in Tarent)
 Joachim Murat (* 25. März 1767 in Labastide-Fortuniere, heute Labastide-Murat; † 13. Oktober 1815 in Pizzo, Kalabrien), französischer Kavallerieoffizier, 1808–1815 als Gioacchino I König von Neapel
 Nikephoros II. (* 912 in Kappadokien; † 11. Dezember 969 in Konstantinopel), byzantinischer Kaiser von 963 bis 969
 Marcus Pacuvius († um 130 v. Chr. in Tarent)
 Phalantos, Sohn des Spartaners Aratus und Führer der Parthenier
 Pyrrhus (* ca. 319/18 v. Chr., † 272 v. Chr. in Argos), Anführer (Hegemon) des Bundes von Epirus und König der Molosser
 Luigi Viola (* 1851 in Galatina; † 1924 in Tarent), italienischer Archäologe

Literatur
 Giacinto Peluso: Storia di Taranto. Scorpione Editrice, Taranto 1991, 1998.
 Nicola Caputo: Taranto com'era. Edizioni Cressati, Taranto 2001, 2005, ISBN 88-8099-136-1.
 Patrizia De Luca: Il Centro Storico di Taranto, l'Isola. Scorpione Editrice, Taranto 1998, 2004, ISBN 88-8099-077-2.
 Pietro Massafra, Francesco Carrino: Il Centro Storico di Taranto. In: Il Borgo. Scorpione Editrice, Taranto 2004.
 Angela Di Paola, Annachiara Fiore, Deborah Giachetti, Emanuella Lionetti (Hrsg.): Taranto. The Convent Complex of San Domenico Maggiore. Redesigning and Museological Project. Proceedings of the 2ndICAUD International Conference in Architecture and Urban Design. EpokaUniversity, Tirana, Albania, 08–10 May 2014, Tirana 2015.

Weblinks

 Offizielle Website (italienisch)
 Kulturzentrum Filonide (italienisch, teilweise auch in anderen Sprachen)
 Tarent aus dem Reisebuch von Ferdinand Gregorovius, erschienen in fünf Bänden zwischen 1856 und 1877
 Informationen zur bronzezeitlichen Siedlung Scoglio del Tonno auf den Seiten des Archäologischen Nationalmuseums Tarent

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Apulien
Dorische Stadtgründung
Antike griechische Stadt
Archäologischer Fundplatz in Apulien
Provinzhauptstadt in Italien
Kultort des Poseidon
Ort mit Seehafen
Gegründet im 1. Jahrhundert v. Chr.
706

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Promotion of active participation of forest sector stakeholders in discussions of forest sector issues including land and tree tenure.
Communities are the most important unit of the forest forum process. Forest fringe communities depend almost entirely on forest resources for livelihoods. Their activities take place both in forest reserves and off-reserves.
The district forest forum is the first level of policy engagement. Representatives of the various communities within the district meet for capacity building and policy discussions in relation to issues which have been identified by the communities.
The Zonal forest forums bring together several districts with similar issues for discussion and policy uptake. The districts are categorised based on Ghana's ecological zones, namely savannah, transition and high forest zones.
The national forest forum NFF is the culmination of all forum activities. Key policy issues are raised and discussed at the event and policy makers are invited to address them. All district forest forums are represented at this event.


Costco reported same store sales up 10% for March. The company's 153 international stores grew sales by a whopping 28%, while U.S. store sales grew by 5%. Wal-Mart Stores (WMT), the world's largest retailer, no longer reports monthly sales figures.
Other same-store increases were reported by Ross Stores (ROST) – 14%; Nordstrom (JWN) – 16.8%; Kohl's (KSS) – 12.4%; American Eagle Outfitters (AEO) – 15%; Saks (SKS) – 12.7%. Gap Stores posted a sales gain of 12% for the month, blowing past the analysts' estimate of 3.7%. Limited Brands (LTD), which owns Victoria's Secret and Bath & Body Works, gained 15% in sales, compared with expectations of 6.8%.
J.C. Penney (JCP) may be the only retailer that missed the analysts' estimate. Penney's reported a gain of 5.4% against expectations of 5.7%.
Every retailer got a boost from the calendar, with the Easter holiday falling in the five weeks of March. Expectations for April are lower, but the combined two months should offer a good gauge of how strongly consumer spending has recovered.
And that's the important news. When consumers start spending on non-essential goods, for example at Victoria's Secret, that spending indicates growing confidence in the economy and a consumer's place in it. In March, shoppers bought more items per transaction and more of the transactions included discretionary items.
The month of April has no special holiday or event that could give sales a one-time boost. It's a plain vanilla month. Will the retailers be able to hold on to shoppers without resorting to price cuts? Retailers still depend heavily on promotional pricing to lure shoppers. There may be some pent-up demand for goods, but without promotions that demand could decide to stay home.
American consumer borrowing fell by 5.6% in February, and revolving credit dropped by more than 13%. Which is more important: consumer spending, which accounts for about two-thirds of U.S. GDP; or reducing consumers' credit card debt?
The retailers appear to be on the side of the angels here, gaining sales without having shoppers resort to credit.
Article printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2010/04/retail-sales-target-tgt-walmart-wmt-costco-cost/.


text:
Parcul Vulcanic Național din Hawai înființat în 1916, este un parc național din SUA localizat in insula Hawai'i. Este rezultatul a sute de mii de ani de vulcanism, migrație si evoluție - procese ce au luat o mică parte de mare și au acoperit-o cu ecosisteme unice și complexe, cu o cultura distinctă. Parcul cuprinde diverse ecosisteme ce variază de la nivelul mării pînă în cel mai mare punct de uscat, vîrful vulcanului Mauna Loa(4.170m).Kilauea, unul dintre cei mai activi vulcani ai lumii, oferă savanților date importante despre nașterea insulelor hawaiene, și vizitatorilor priveliști vulcanice dramatice. Parcul se întinde pe o suprafața de 1348km2.

Peste jumatate din parc este salbatic si pune la dispozitia vizitatorilor plimbari neobisnuite si posibilitati de camping. In recunoasterea valorilor naturale remarcabile Parcul National al vulcanilor din Hawaii a fost desemnat rezervatie internationala a biosferei in 1980 si un loc de mostenire mondiala in 1987.

Activitatea vulcanica generata in Parcul National al vulcanilor din Hawaii a ajutat la crearea orasului Kalapana(acum acoperit de lava de la eruptiile recente), si alte plaje cu nisip negru.

In limitele parcului se afla Tubul de Lava Thurston, un tub de lava de aproximativ 540 de ani cu o scurta poteca ce il strabate, Observatorul Vulcanilor, si museul Jaggar.

Exista o fasie nedezvoltata a tunelului de lava care se intinde pe inca 330m peste zona formata ce se termina in dealuri.Desi este ingradita pentru a tine la distanta vizitatorii nedoriti, fasia usor de traversat este deschisa publicului, accesul facandu-se printr-o usa din gard. Vizitatorii, pe fasia neformata ar trebui sa aiba grija la coborarea pe podeaua tubului din cauza terenului accidentat. Odata trecut de intrare, restul terenului este plan.

Istorie

Kilauea si craterul sau Halema'uma'u au fost initial considerate casa sacra a lui Pele de aceea poporul hawaian vizita craterul pentru a oferi daruri zeitatii. Primi vizitatori veniti din vest in acest loc, misionarii englezi au ajuns in Kilauea in 1823. Ellis a scris despre reactia sa la prima vedere a vulcanului care erupea: "Un spectacol sublim si chiar terifiant se prezenta in fata ochilor nostri. Ne-am oprit si am tremurat.Uimirea si teama ne-a făcut pentru cateva momente sa ramanem muti,si,ca niste statui,am ramas ficsi cu ochii tintuiti in abisul de dedesubt".
Lorrin A. Thurston, nepotul respectatului american a fost unul dintre cei care au stat la baza infiintarii parcului in 1916.

Evenimente anterioare

Pe 19 martie 2008, a existat o mica explozie în craterul Halema'uma'u, primul eveniment exploziv din anul 1924 si prima eruptie din Kilauea Caldera incepând din septembrie 1982. Resturi de la explozie a fost imprastiate pe o suprafata de 74 de acri.
O cantitate mica de cenusa a fost de asemenea raportata intr-o comunitate din apropiere. Explozia a acoperit o parte din Crater Rim Drive si a deteriorat privelistea asupra Halema'uma'u. Explozia nu a eliberat lava, fapt ce sugereaza cercetatorilor ca a fost
declansata de surse hidrotermale sau gaze.

Evenimentul exploziei a urmat deschiderii unui mare orificiu pentru dioxidul de sulf, nivelul dioxidul de carbon crescand astfel considerabil nivelul emis
de craterul Halema'uma'u.
Cresterea mare in concentratia de dioxid de sulf a dus la inchiderea craterului Rim Drive intre tabara militara Kilauea la sud/sudest de drumul Chain of Craters, Craterul Rim Trail de la tabara militara Kilauea (sud/sud-est) pana la drumul Chain of Craters, si toate drumurile care duceau la craterul Halema'uma'uinclusiv acelea din Byron Ledge, poteca Iliahi si poteca Ka'u Desert.

Parcuri naționale din Statele Unite ale Americii
Vulcani


How many days since Trump has not apologized?
Tony Díaz Aug. 8, 2016 Updated: Aug. 9, 2016 6:40 p.m.
As I write this, it has been 164 days since Donald Trump has not apologized for racist remarks against Federal Judge Gonzalo Curiel.
Of course, Trump has made so many disparaging and offensive statements against so many different people and groups - who's counting?
Trump is defending himself in court because his business -Trump University- has been accused of scamming students. The judge presiding over the case is named Gonzalo Curiel.
Donald Trump said that the judge couldn't do his job right because he would be biased since the judge is "Mexican" and Trump has proposed building a wall along the Texas border and making Mexico pay for it.
However, Judge Curiel was born in Indiana. He's of Mexican ancestry. He attended Indiana University Law School. He was a member of the Kappa Alpha Si Fraternity. He stood up to drug cartels in court. He's as American as it gets.
And it's not just Latinos who saw the discrimination in Trump's words.
Republican leader Paul Ryan called Trump's statement a textbook definition of racism, and he's not the only high-ranking Republican who has denounced Trump's bigotry.
Instead, Trump doubled down, trying to justify his maligning of Judge Curiel by mentioning that he was a member of the San Diego La Raza Lawyers Association.
Trump's henchmen started smearing the group, saying terrible things about it, even going so far as calling Judge Curiel a radical activist. This lawyers group is as mainstream as any other affinity group of accountants, or doctors, or engineers. Perhaps bigots think it's radical to find out that so many Latinos now have advanced degrees.
Ironically, this just reminds Latinos that professional organizations such as this were created to fight the very discrimination Trump is bringing back.
In Texas, there used to be Mexican-only schools. Children were punished for speaking Spanish in school, and Mexican American World War II Vets who returned home from war were denied the right to buy houses in certain neighborhoods in San Antonio and other cities.
I've even heard some folks say that Trump's words are not racist because Mexicans are not a race.
Here's a quick history lesson for those folks. Thanks to the work of the late Gus Garcia, a Tejano who was the first Mexican American to argue a civil rights case at the Supreme Court, Mexican Americans are in fact a protected class.
Of course, I'm living my own history lesson.
I now have a better idea of what it was like back-in-the-day when some of our parents and grandparents had to suffer signs in restaurants or stores that said, "No Mexicans or Dogs Allowed."
Is that when Trump thinks America was great? Does Trump want to take us back to that?
Racists oppressed our elders when America didn't think we counted. Now, Trump is out to oppress we Children of The American Dream, but we know we count, and we are going to keep counting. And in this day and age, we know our vote counts.
Perhaps this is a test. Maybe Donald Trump wants to find out if he can win the presidency without the Latino vote.
There are two states that Romney won in which to watch the results of Trump's election experiment unfold: Arizona and Texas.
Today, Hispanics make up at least 30.5% of Arizona's population and 22% of eligible voters.
In 2008, Senator McCain earned 30% of the Latino vote in his bid for president. Latino Republican support has gone down ever since. And thanks to Trump, Latino GOP support might hit single digits this election - the low single digits.
This upcoming election, Hispanics will form up to 29% of registered voters in Texas. However, in the past, voter suppression kept 81% of eligible Latino voters from voting.
If Trump does not take his racist comments back, his insults against Latinos will incite Hispanics enough to overcome decades of voter suppression in both states and decide election races up and down the ballot, from the president to judgeships to school board seats.
If Trump does not take his words back and apologize, then he should change his slogan from "Make American Great" to "Make America Discriminate."
It is a shame to see him turn the Party of Lincoln into the Party of Racism.
164 Days . . . and counting.
Count with us by visiting our meter at Librotraficante.com and tuning into our radio show on Tuesdays from 6-7 pm CT.
Tony Díaz is a writer and activist known as El Librotraficante for his leadership of Librotraficante movement in Houston. He co-hosts an NP Radio show (Tuesdays from 6-7 pm CT) and is a political analyst on "What's Your Point" (Thursdays live 5:30p-6p on Fox 26 Houston).
The top four arguments in defense of the Electoral College. Are they obsolete?


text:
US households can order 4 free COVID-19 tests
US households can order four free at-home COVID-19 tests from the website COVIDTests.gov starting on Jan. 19 with shipping expected within seven to 12 days of ordering, the White House said on Friday.
The batch of free tests are aimed at easing a shortage of COVID-19 tests across the country amid increased demand during the rapid spread of the Omicron variant.
The US government has contracted already for more than 420 million tests, the White House said.
President Joe Biden has pledged to procure 1 billion free tests for Americans, and more may be ordered in the future. "We're not saying we're stopping there," one senior administration official told reporters on a conference call.
Also Read Rupee recoups losses against US dollar in interbank
The administration also plans to launch a phone line for people who do not have access to the web to order tests.
Once ordered, the tests will ship to U.S. households by the U.S. Postal Service. Each household is limited to four masks.
American Postal Workers Union President Mark Dimondstein said the union had agreed to allow the USPS to use up to 7,000 temporary workers to label and package the test kits at 43 existing facilities. Many of those are holiday workers being held over for the project.
Also Read Poorer nations reject over 100 million COVID shots as many close to expiry
The kits could be mailed to as many as 160 million U.S. addresses, Dimondstein said. The USPS has already brought in some labeling machines. "We're off and running," Dimondstein said.
The Biden administration has contracted for more than 420 million tests and additional contracts will be awarded over the coming weeks, the White House said. It expects to pay some $4 billion to cover the first 500 million tests Biden promised, the administration official said.
Fighting the pandemic is one of Biden's top priorities and its persistence, coupled with fatigue among the public, has hurt his approval ratings roughly a year after he took office promising to do a better job of taming the virus than his predecessor, former President Donald Trump.
Also Read Vibe Capital is a new venture firm built for scrappy international founders
Critics have said that while the administration focused its attention on getting Americans vaccinated, it did not do enough to encourage mask-wearing and spur testing, a deficit the White House has seemed to try to address with the at-home test deliveries and a pledge to get more masks out to the public as well.
Categories News Tags free COVID test, Health, International, us Post navigation
Does Kylie Jenner hints the gender of her second baby?
Three suspects get bail in Bilal Yasin attack case

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Pulchra Morte
Bones – Diseased Review
By Eldritch Elitist on October 3, 2019 in 2019, American Metal, Death Metal, Reviews, Transcending Obscurity, Death Metal, 6 comments
"Everybody knows a local band like Chicago's Bones. If you attend small scale metal shows in your vicinity with any sort of regularity, you know them well: a groove oriented death metal band, often fresh off work, that seems to open every show regardless of whether they fit the bill. This results in often hilarious pairings, including my recent bewilderment at Kansas City's death/doomsters Pulchra Morte opening for Gloryhammer of all bands. Bones is the very embodiment of that same working class energy, but as they fall under the eclectic umbrella of Transcending Obscurity, curveballs are to be expected." Boning it in.
Pulchra Morte – Divina Autem Et Aniles Review
By Cherd of Doom on February 2, 2019 in 2019, American Metal, Ceremonial Records, Death Metal, Doom Metal, Reviews, Death Metal, Doom Metal, 34 comments
"When a metal musician says he's been thinking about death, it's easy to dismiss this as a given. Like, yeah dude. It comes with the territory. You're wearing a t-shirt with twelve skulls on it. But when Jason Barron talks about the low point that led to the creation of Pulchra Morte—meaning "beautiful death"—things sound more serious: 'I was going through an extremely dark time in my personal life… severe depression… complete and total loss.' Barron, a veteran of the St. Louis, MO metal scene, recalls writing what would become the first song on Divina Autem Et Aniles. It was about an individual 'composing his own epitaph, completely accepting his own failure, giving up.'" Darkness and divine inspiration.


On our third and final night at Shiralea Backpacker's Resort, the guys cleared out the lounge area and brought out neon paint. Even though we missed the full moon party by a couple of days we could still have a paint party.
We ran around gleefully decorating one another as the black lights came on and the room began to glow.
Shiralea has a bell – a pretty infamous bell if you ask me – that when rung signifies that everyone in the bar gets a shot. The lucky one who rings the bell, purposely or accidentally, buys.
And then must deliver a toast!
It seems that the boys mix up whatever concoction they desire at the moment, since Big Ryan rang the bell quite a few times tonight and each time we were treated to a new, unbearably sweet shot.
Maggie and I clearly take our bar top dancing very seriously.
With glowing flowers, swirls and tribal patterns painted across every inch of our bodies, we stayed up way too late and had way too much fun dancing under the black lights.
Our checkout time was 10:30 the next morning and as you'd have it that's exactly when Maggie and I woke up. We shoved our belongings in our backpacks, inevitably leaving a few things behind, and headed up to the main bungalow to pay our tabs.
I took a look, held my breath and handed over my card… like ripping off a bandaid. My tab for three days came out to be about $115, which is steep for the kind of traveling I'm doing but not so bad if you consider every meal, drink and taxi I had was through the place.


text:
Special Needs Network, Inc. (SNN) is a nonprofit grassroots organization responding to the crisis of autism and other developmental disabilities in underserved communities. We recognize the intersectionality of individuals with disabilities and that their fight for disability rights is inextricably tied to the fight for racial justice and the civil rights of all people.
Our programs and campaigns bring change through legislation and policy as well as through direct collaboration with parents, caretakers, social justice organizations, and healthcare professionals.
Declared an epidemic by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, autism takes a tremendous toll on families across the nation. And nowhere is autism's impact felt more than in underserved communities, where the diagnosis is delayed on average two years ― a devastating delay that denies vulnerable children the benefits of early diagnosis and intervention. The alarming delay in diagnosis becomes even more detrimental when compounded by issues of poverty, such as a lack of housing, employment, and transportation.
Confronting these challenges can mean the difference between a child destined for an isolated life of institutionalized care and a child who will grow, learn, thrive, and connect ― and who may someday live independently.


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Don't underestimate the Kardashians, they are the ultimate high achievers
Vicki MaguireCo-chief Creative Officer, Grey LondonThursday 11 Apr 2019 5:56 pm
As the common saying goes, 'The Devil works hard but Kris Jenner works harder' (Picture: Instagram/kimkardashian)
Now, I'll fess up. I'm not a huge fan of the Kardashians but I have huge admiration for Kim and the clan.
They are the ultimate high achievers.
While Kim famously 'broke the internet' with a magazine shoot of her brandishing her naked butt, it is her new endeavour that I find most impressive. She's revealed that she's studying to become a criminal justice lawyer.
And the rest of her family also have some impressive accolades to their name. Kylie has been dubbed the youngest self-made billionaire, Kendall is strutting catwalks globally and Kris has managed to combine the role of mum and manager seamlessly.
As the common saying goes, 'The Devil works hard but Kris Jenner works harder.'
I learned the art of the hustle early on in life at my family's market stall in Leicester and I can say it's an art the Kardashians have perfected.
Just like I did, they have learnt how to sell something up or knock a price down. But most importantly they have learnt that storytelling sells.
I've spent the past 20 odd years in the business of storytelling for brands, just like they have spent years building their own.
Every episode of Keeping Up With the Kardashians is a brilliant 42-minute commercial for their brand.
It is this constant dedication to shaping their narrative that has taught me you should never underestimate a Kardashian.
This move by Kim into the world of law is just another message to the naysayers that you should never judge a book by its cover.
Unfortunately, that is just what people are doing. Countless comparisons have been made between Kim and Legally Blonde's Elle Woods, with people jesting that maybe she didn't realise it was a Hollywood movie and not a reality show.
The joke is, however, there are some real life parallels between Elle and Kim, yet Kim's decision to get into law is far more impressive.
Kim is clearly no Hollywood airhead (Picture: ANGELA WEISS/AFP/Getty Images)
The film's heroine Elle is a wealthy, attractive fashion merchandising student before she changes to law. Kim is wealthy and attractive with more than a passing interest in fashion.
Just like Elle, she has the brains and drive too – but better than Elle, Kim grew up with a lawyer father, and she's not going into law to win back an ex-boyfriend, but because she's thought 'long and hard' about changing career, and it's because she wants to make a difference.
Lest we forget, last year Kim successfully campaigned to have 63-year-old Alice Marie Johnson released from jail, who was given a life sentence without parole for a non-violent offense.
And her degree could see her getting more unjustly imprisoned people released.
Apparently she began her apprenticeship with a law firm in San Francisco last year and plans to take her exams in 2022. She'll need to do 18 hours of supervised study each week and will shadow two mentor lawyers.
She is clearly not a Hollywood airhead – and almost as an aside, has said that since starting her apprenticeship, she's already scored 100 in a criminal law test, saying it was 'super easy' and that she could do the subject 'in my sleep'.
It must be hard to be faced with being constantly reduced to your image and your past, but I think she is doing the best thing she can do: proving people wrong through her actions.
The Kardashians all have an outstanding work ethic, with Kim and Kylie both talking about how they were cut off from their parents' money as teenagers.
More: Kim Kardashian
Kylie Jenner continues the holiday thirst trap in tiny Chanel bikini
Nicki Minaj really doesn't need a bra in hot pink Fendi and Kim Kardashian loves it
They're not just 'rich girls' who have used their parents' riches and fame to get richer, but have all their achievements undermined for doing so.
Ironically, the President of the United States, Donald Trump, is one genuine rich kid who used his family wealth to profit himself, yet he, in my opinion, receives less backlash for this than the Kardashian/Jenner women.
The TV series, make up, clothes, apps, emojis, fitness and now law. I really believe these women could turn their mind to anything and conquer it.
Kris, Khloe, Kourtney, Kylie and Kendall, I doff my cap to you.
As for Kim: she's been a savvy businesswoman and I believe she'll be an equally savvy lawyer – and she'll work her butt off to become one.
MORE: Kim Kardashian finally tours her soulless home with Kanye West: 'It's minimal monastery'
MORE: Kim Kardashian opens up on Kanye West's bipolar diagnosis: 'Medication is not an option for him'
MORE: Kim Kardashian at 'breaking point' as she confronts Kanye West over his plans to move family to Chicago
Keeping Up With The KardashiansKendall JennerKhloe KardashianKim KardashianKourtney KardashianKris JennerKylie Jenner
Ray J's wife is not impressed as MTV Awards host cracks joke about Kim Kardashian sex tape


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End of year pool party for our youth
Pacific Aloha pool party for SouthSeas young people
Summer is truly on and there is nothing kids like more than getting wet.
To celebrate, SouthSeas Healthcare hosted a Pacific Aloha pool party before the end of 2018 at the Otara Recreational pool for young people involved in the SouthSeas Healthcare Life Launch and Resilience Young People programmes.
"We celebrated with a splash, Pacific style, to end 2018 by acknowledging our young people and youths' contribution to our work," says Shaun Tautali SouthSeas Public Health Team Leader.
Shaun says the pool party signifies SouthSeas community spirit at the end of the year, which provides safety, fun education, and further promotes the healthy activity of swimming.
"This is our way of giving back and to say thank you to our youth."
"Youth voice plays a crucial role in our work and we always do our best to ensure we do as much as we can to support young people and youth, with the work we do playing a vital role in this."
"It was an epic pool party and everyone had a good time. We are looking forward to working more with our youth this year," says Shaun.
Parents of youth involved spoke about how wonderful the programmes are and the positive impact they have had on their children who have been attending the programme for over a year now.
The pool party culminated in a prize giving acknowledging the amazing contributions made by young people to SouthSeas work.
The Life Launch and Resilient Young People programmes offer a range of activities supporting youth health and leadership mentoring. For more information about these programmes, contact Caleb Va'a on 0276226212 or Shaun Tautali on 0276226210.


Our friends Claudine and Marc treated my mother and I to a fabulous lunch at the Mandarin Oriental Hotel at 80 Columbus Circle. We were seated near the windows overlooking Central Park surrounded by a posh opulence one doesn't see everyday. We enjoyed brunch if you will, Claudine, Marc and my mother each ordered omelettes, I went rogue and ordered a "commuter" sandwich, an omelette, bacon, turkey and avocado on an English muffin, it was delicious. It was such a relaxing meal, low key and so comfortable, we weren't rushed, we talked, laughed and really enjoyed our last day together. Tomorrow I am going back home and on Saturday our dear friends are leaving New York for another adventure.


This page was printed on Apr 24, 2019. For the current version, visit https://help.shopify.com/en/api/reference/store-properties/country.
The Country resource represents the tax rates applied to orders from the different countries where a shop sells its products.
Merchants select the countries where they sell their products when they set up their shipping zones and rates on the Shipping page of the Shopify admin. After adding a country to a shipping zone, store owners can then verify and adjust tax rates for each country on the Taxes page.
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text:
The Gentleman's Magazine Library> This page
The Gentleman's Magazine Library, 1731-1868
English Topography Part III Derbyshire - Dorsetshire
Gents Mag Library
Editor's Preface
Whittington
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Whittington Church.
[1809, Part II., pp. 1201, 1202.]
As you have occasionally given views of several curious churches, it has occurred to me that one of Whittington Church might be
Vol. XIV. 5
acceptable to many of your readers, who for a long series of years were entertained with the literary communications of your old correspondent, the compiler of the lately published " Anonymiana." I have, therefore, inclosed a drawing of the church where Dr. Pegge officiated above seven and forty years, beloved and respected by all his parishioners. The drawing was made by the late ingenious Mr. Schnebbelie, and published in "The Antiquarian Museum," a work of which the merit was strangely overlooked, till the greater part of the 250 copies which were printed of it perished in the conflagration of February 8, 1808.
The following description of the church was communicated in 1793, by the then worthy rector. The view was taken in 1789.
"Whittington, of whose church the annexed plate contains a drawing by the late Mr. Schnebbelie, is a small parish of about 14 or 15 hundred acres, distant from the church and old market-place of Chesterfield about two miles and a half. It lies in the road from Chesterfield to Sheffield and Rotherham, whose roads divide there at the well-known inn The Cock and Magpye, commonly called The Revolution House.
"The situation is exceedingly pleasant, in a pure and excellent air ; it abounds with all kinds of conveniences for the use of the inhabitants, as coal, stone, timber, etc., besides its proximity to a good market, to take its products.
"The Church is now a little Rectory, in the gift of the Dean of Lincoln. At first it was a Chapel of Ease to Chesterfield, a very large manor and parish; of which I will give the following short but convincing proof: The Dean of Lincoln, as I said, is patron of this rectory, and yet William Rufus gave no other church in this part of Derbyshire to the church of St. Mary at Lincoln, but the church of Chesterfield; and, moreover, Whittington is at this day a parcel of the great and extensive manor of Chesterfield; whence it follows, that Whittington must have been once a part both of the rectory and manor of Chesterfield. But whence comes it, you will say, that it became a rectory, for such it has been many years ? I answer, 1 neither know how nor when; but it is certain that chapels of ease have been frequently converted into rectories, and I suppose by mutual agreement of the curate of the chapel, the rector of the mother church, and the diocesan. Instances of the like emancipation of chapels, and transforming them into independent rectories, there are several in the county of Derby, as Matlock, Bonteshall, Bradley, etc. ; and others may be found in Mr. Nichols's' History of Hinckley,' pp. 34, 91 ; and. in his 'Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica,' No. VI.; p. 53.
" Fig. I is an inscription on the ting-tang, or saints' bell, of Whittington Church, drawn by Mr. Schnebbelie, July 27, 1789, from an impression taken in clay. This bell, which is seen in the annexed
view, hangs within a stone frame, or tabernacle, at the top of the church, on the outside between the nave and the chancel. It has a remarkable fine shrill tone, and is heard, it is said, three or four miles off, if the wind be right. It is very ancient, as appears both from the form of the letters and the name (of the donor, I suppose), which is that in use before surnames were common. Perhaps it may be as old as the fabric of the church itself, though this is very ancient.
"Fig 2 is a stone head, near the roof on the north side of the church.
"In the east window of the church is a small female saint. In this window, A. a fess vaire G. and O. between three water-bougets sable. [Dethick]. Cheque A. and G. on a bend S. a martlet. [Beckering ] At the bottom of the window an inscription :
Rogero Cric.
"Roger Criche was rector, and died 1413, and probably made the window. He is buried within the rails of the communion table, and his slab is engraved in the second volume of Mr. Gough's 'Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain,' Plate XIX, p. 37. Nothing remains of the inscription but Amen.
"In the upper part of the south window of the chancel, is a picture in glass of our Saviour with the five wounds; an angel at His left hand sounding a trumpet.* On a pane of the upper tier of the west window is the portrait of St. John; his right hand holding a book with the Holy Lamb upon it : and the forefinger of his left hand pointing to the cross held by the Lamb, as uttering his well-known confession: 'Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.'*
"In the south window of the chancel is, Barry wavy of 6 A. and G. a , chief A. Ermine and Gules. [Burley] Ermine, on a chief indented G. or lozenge.
"In the easternmost south window of the nave is A. on a chevron Sable, three quatrefoils Argent. [Eyre ] This window has been renewed; before which there were other coats and some effigies in it.
"SAMUEL PEGGE, Rector."
[1810, Part II., pp.217]
As a companion to the view you have already given of Whittington Church, in Derbyshire, I send you a drawing, by the late Mr. Jacob Schnebbelie, of the Rectory House (Plate II.), for forty-five years the residence of the Rev. Samuel Pegge, LL.D., who was for more than that long space of time your constant and intelligent correspondent, who thus describes it :
" The Parsonage House at Whittington is a convenient substantial.
[Page footnote]
*Both these are engraved in the " Antiquaries' Museum," from drawings made by Mr. Schnebbbelie.
stone building, and very sufficient for this small benefice. It was, as I take it, erected by the Rev. Thomas Callice, one of my predecessors ; and when I had been inducted, I enlarged it by pulling down the west end, making a cellar, a kitchen, a brew-house, and a pantry, with chambers over them. There is a glebe of about thirty acres belonging to it, with a garden large enough for a family, and a small orchard. The garden is remarkably pleasant in respect to its fine views to the north, east, and south, with the church to the west. There is a fair prospect of Chesterfield Church, distant about two miles and a half; and of Bolsover Castle to the west; and, on the whole, this rectorial house may be esteemed a very delightful habitation.
"S. PEGGE."
Such was the account of this humble parsonage, drawn up, in 1793, by the late learned and venerable rector, who was then resident in it in health and vigour, at the advanced age of eighty-eight, where your present correspondent, with a worthy friend lately deceased, spent many happy hours with him for several successive years, and derived equal information and pleasure from his instructive conversation.
Yours, etc., M. GREEN.
[1810, Part II., p. 609.]
I send you a view, by the late Mr. Jacob Schnebbelie, of a small public house at Whittington, in Derbyshire, which has been handed down to posterity for above a century under the honourable appellation of "The Revolution House" (see Plate II.). It obtained that name from the accidental meeting of two noble personages, Thomas Osborne, Earl of Danby, and William Cavendish, Earl of Devonshire, with a third person, Mr. John D' Arcy,* privately one morning, 1688, upon Whittington Moor, as a middle place between Chatsworth, Kniveton, and Aston, their respective residences, to consult about the Revolution, then in agitation, † but a shower of rain happening to fall, they removed to the village for shelter, and finished their conversation at a public house there, the sign of the Cock and Pyvot.‡
The part assigned to the Earl of Danby was to surprise York, at which he succeeded; after which the Earl of Devonshire was to taker measures at Nottingham, where the Declaration for a free Parliament, which he, at the head of a number of gentlemen of Derbyshire, had signed, November 28th, 1688,§ was adopted by the nobility, gentry, and commonalty of the northern counties, assembled there for the defence of the laws, religion, and properties.|| The success of these
*It appears, from traditional accounts, that Lord Delamere, an ancestor of the present Earl of Stamford and Warrington, was also at this meeting.
† Kennet. ; ‡ A provincial name for a magpie.
§ Rapin, xv. 199. || Deering's Nottingham, p. 258
measures is well-known; and to the concurrence of these patriots with the proceedings in favour of the Prince of Orange in the west, is this nation indebted for the establishment of her rights and liberties at the glorious Revolution.
The cottage here represented * stands at the point where the road from Chesterfield divides into two branches, to Sheffield and Rotherham. The room where the noblemen sat is 15 feet by 12 feet 10 inches, and is to this day called "The Plotting Parlour." The old armed chair still remaining in it is shown by the landlord with particular satisfaction as that in which it is said the Earl of Devonshire sat; and he tells with equal pleasure how it was visited by his descendants, and the descendants of his associates, in the year 1788. Some new rooms, for the better accommodation of customers, were added about twenty years ago.
A particular and an animated account of the commemoration of this great event on this spot, November 5th, 1788, will be found in your vol. lviii., pp. 1020-1022. On that day was delivered in the church of Whittington, † to an audience that greatly overflowed its narrow dimensions, with all the energy that the subject demanded, sermon from these striking words: "This is the day which the Lord hath made ; we will be glad, and rejoice in it,"‡ by the late learned and worthy rector, the Rev. Dr. Samuel Pegge, then in his eighty-fifth year.
Yours, etc., D.H.
[1789, Part I., pp. 124, 125.]
As I find it is the wish of many of your friends, who think it would a compliment to the good Rector of Whittington to have his letter and narrative of what passed at the Revolution House, with a print of that cottage copied in your entertaining miscellany, I do most willingly consent to it, and have sent you the original plate for at purpose.
I think it necessary to inform you that since the narrative has been published, it appears, from traditional accounts, that Lord Delamere, ancestor of the present Earl of Stamford, was at the meeting at Whittington with the Earls of Devonshire and Danby and Mr. John D'Arcy. This was no wilful omission of Mr. Pegge's ; the only authentic account he could at that. time procure was the Duke of Leeds' narration.
Another view of the Revolution-house, from a drawing by the late Major Rooke, will be found in our vol. lix., p. 224 ; together with "A Narrative of what passed at this House, 1688," written by the Rev. Dr. Pegge.
†The Church of Whittington is engraved in vol. lxxix., p. 1021, and the Rectory House, in the second part of our present volume, p. 217.
‡ Psalm cxviii. 24.
A narrative of what passed at the Revolution House, at Whittington, in the county of Derby, in the year 1688. With a perspective view and plan of that cottage (see Plate II.).
"Being willing to preserve a representation of the Revolution House at Whittington, which probably will not long withstand the ravages of time, I have had it engraved, with a design to present a few impressions to some Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire friends who had signified their intentions of celebrating that great event in that cottage. I am now happy to have it in my power to make it better worth their acceptance by the addition of a letter I received from my worthy and learned friend the Rev. Mr. Pegge, the Rector of Whittington. These my friends will do me the favour to accept as a small token of the regard with which I am their most obedient humble servant,
"H. ROOKE."
" TO HAYMAN ROOKE, Esq.
"DEAR SIR ,
" United as we are in sentiments, both of us fast friends upon principle, of that great and ever-memorable constitutional event, the Revolution, of which the Jubilee, or Centenary Commemoration, is intended to be celebrated at the Revolution House, in Whittington, the 5th of November next, I beg leave to present you with a short relation, from the best authority, of what passed at that place, an. 1688, and occasioned the house to be called by that name.
"My narrative, Sir, will be a proper companion to that accurate drawing you have made of the house, and mean to distribute among your friends at the time, and also a necessary one, since though many gentlemen may have heard in general terms, of the house's going by that name, yet few of them, perhaps, may be informed of the true cause and occasion of its taking that singular and distinguished appellation.
" I am, Sir, to detain you no longer, your most obedient humble servant,
"SAMUEL PEGGE."
The Duke of Leeds' own account of his meeting the Earl of Devonshire and Mr. John D'Arcy* at Whittington, co. Derby, A.D. 1688.
The Earl of Danby, afterwards Duke of Leeds, was impeached, A.D. 1678, of high treason, by the House of Commons, on a charge of being in the French interest, and, in particular, of being popishly affected. Many, both Peers and Commoners, were misled, and had
* Son and heir of Conyers Earl of Holderness.
conceived an erroneous opinion concerning him and his political conduct. This he has stated himself, in the Introduction to his "Letters," printed A.D. 1710, where he says: "That the malice of my accusation did so manifestly appear in that article wherein I was charged to be popishly affected, that I dare swear there was not one of my accusers that did then believe that article against me."
His Grace then proceeds, for the further clearing of himself, in these memorable words relative to the meeting at Whittington, the subject of this memoir.
"The Duke of Devonshire also, when we were partners in the secret trust about the Revolution, and who did meet me and Mr. John D'Arcy, for that purpose, at a town called Whittington, in Derbyshire, did, in the presence of the said Mr. De Arcy, make a voluntary acknowledgement of the great mistakes he had been led into about me ; and said, that both he, and most others, were entirely convinced of their error. And he came to Sit Henry Goodrick's house in Yorkshire purposely to meet me there again, in order to concert the times and methods by which he should act at Nottingham (which was to be his post), and I at York (which was to be mine) ; and we agreed, that I should first attempt to surprise York, because there was a small garrison with a Governor there; whereas Nottingham was but an open town, and might give an alarm to York, if he should appear in arms before I had made my attempt upon York ; which was done accordingly ;* but is mistaken in divers relations of it. And I am confident, that Duke (had he been now alive) would have thanked nobody for putting his prosecution of me amongst the glorious actions of his life."
This affair of the Earl of Devonshire's concerting measures with the Earl of Dan by is also just hinted at by Bishop Kennet, † but the tradition of the place is more full and express than either the Bishop or the Earl of Danby, "That the three noble personages above-mentioned met privately one morning, A.D. 1688, upon Whittington Moor, as a middle place between Chatsworth, Kniveton, and Aston, to consult about the Revolution then in agitation ; and that a shower of rain happening to fall, they removed to the village for shelter, and finished their conversation at a public house there, the sign of the Cock and Pyvot."‡ This house is a cottage, and stands at the point where the road coming from Chesterfield divides (that on the left hand going to Sheffield, and that on the right to Rotherham), and has ever since been called the Revolution House. The room marked (d) in the plan of the house is 15 feet by 12 feet 10 inches, and
*For the Earl of Devonshire's proceedings at Derby and Whittington, see Mr. Deering's "History of Nottingham;" p. 260. - Mr. Drake, p. 177 of his" Eboracum," just mentions the Earl of Danby's appearance at York.
† Kennet, "Mem. of Faro. of Cavendish," p. 148.
‡ The provincial name of a magpie.
denotes the particular place where the noblemen sat, and is to this day called by the opprobrious name of the Plotting Parlour. The other rooms marked in the plan are as follows: (a) the kitchen, (b) a room called the house, (c) little parlour, (d) as above mentioned, (e) brew-house, (f) stables.
Bishop Kennet mentions the Lord Delamere, Sir Scroop How, and some few others of the greatest quality and interest in those parts, as concerned with the Earls of Devonshire and Danby in this important business; and these two great patriots were indeed with the Earl of Devonshire at Nottingham, the 10th or 12th of November, and might be privy to the confederacy; but we have no reason to think they were either of them amongst those that met on Whitting ton Moor, or at the Revolution House, as the Duke of Leeds' Narration, our most authentic account, is entirely silent as to them.
[1788, Part II.; pp. 1020, 1021.]
On Tuesday, the 4th instant, the committee appointed to conduct the Jubilee had a previous meeting, and dined together at the Revolution House in Whittington. His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, Lord Stamford, Lord George and Lord John Cavendish, with several neighbouring gentlemen, were present. After dinner a subscription was opened for the erecting of a monumental column, in commemoration of the Glorious Revolution, on that spot where the Earls of Devonshire and Danby, Lord Delamere, and Mr. John Darcy, met to concert measures which were eminently instrumental in rescuing the liberties of their country from perdition. As this monument is intended to be not less a mark of public Gratitude than the memorial of an important event, it was requested that the present representatives of the above-mentioned families would excuse their not being permitted to join in the expense.
On the 5th, at eleven in the morning, the commemoration commenced with Divine service at Whittington Church. The Rev. Mr. Pegge, the rector of the parish, delivered an excellent sermon from the words, "This is the day," etc. Though of a great age, having that very morning entered his eighty-fifth year, he spoke with a spirit which seemed to be derived from the occasion; his sentiments were pertinent, well arranged, and his expression animated (see our "Poetry," p. 1010).
The descendants of the illustrious houses of Cavendish, Osbome, Boothe, and Darcy (for the venerable Duke of Leeds, whose age would not allow him to attend, had sent his two grandsons, in whom the blood of Osborne and Darcy is united) ; a numerous and powerful gentry ; a wealthy and respectable yeomanry ; a hardy, yet decent and attentive peasantry - whose intelligent countenances showed that they understood, and would be firm to preserve that blessing, for which they were assembled to return thanks to Almighty
God-presented a truly solemn spectacle, and, to the eye of a philo sopher, the most interesting that can be imagined.
After service, the company went in succession to view the old house, and the room called by the Anti-revolutionists, the "Plotting-Parlour," with the old armed-chair in which the Earl of Devonshire is said to have sitten, and everyone was then pleased to partake of a very elegant cold collation, which was prepared in the new rooms annexed to the cottage. Some time being spent in this, the procession began :
Constables with long staves, two and two.
The Eight Clubs, four and four, viz.-
Mr. Deakin's.-Flag, blue, with orange fringe, on it the figure of Liberty; the motto, "The Protestant Religion and the Liberties of England we will maintain."
Mr. Bluett's.-Flag, blue, fringed with orange; motto, "Libertas ; quæ fera, tam en respexit inertem." Underneath the figure of Liberty, crowning Britannia with a wreath of laurels, who is represented sitting on a Lion, at her feet the Cornucopia of Plenty; at the top next the pole, a Castle, emblematical of the house where the club is kept; on the lower side of the flag, Liberty holding a Cap, and resting on the Cavendish arms.
Mr. Ostliff's.-Flag, broad blue and orange stripe, with orange fringe; in the middle, the Cavendish arms; motto, as No. I.
Mrs. Barber's.-Flag, garter blue and orange quartered, with white fringe; mottoes, "Liberty secured" ; "The Glorious Revolution."
Mr. Valentine Wilkinson's.-Flag, blue, with orange fringe; in the middle the figure of Liberty; motto, as No. I.
6. Mr. Stubbs'.-Flag, blue, with orange fringe, motto, " Liberty, Property, Trade, Manufactures ;" at the top, a head of King William crowned with laurel; in the middle, in a large oval, "Revolution, 1688." On one side the Cap of Liberty, on the other the figure of Britannia; on the opposite side, the flag of the Devonshire arms.
Mrs. Ollerenshaw's.-Flag, blue, with orange fringe; motto, as No. I, on both sides.
Mr. Marsingale's.-Flag, blue, with orange fringe; at the top the motto, "In Memory of the Glorious Assertors of British Freedom, 1688 ;" beneath, the figure of Liberty leaning on a shield, on which is inscribed, "Revolted from Tyranny at WHITTINGTON, 1688," and having in her hand a scroll, with the words, "Bill of Rights" underneath a head of King William VI. ; on the other side the flag, the motto, "The Glorious Revolter from Tyranny, 1688," underneath the Devonshire arms; at the bottom the following inscription, "WILLIELMUS Dux DEVON., Bonorum Principum Fidelus Subditus ; lnimicus & Invisus Tyrannis."
The members of the clubs were estimated at two thousand persons each having a white wand in his hand, with blue and orange tops and favours, with the "REVOLUTION " stamped upon them.
The Derbyshire Militia's band of music.
The Corporation of Chesterfield in their formalities, who joined the
procession on entering the town.
The Duke of Devonshire in his coach and six.
Attendants on horseback, with four led horses.
The Earl of Stamford, in his post-chaise and four.
Attendants, on horseback.
The Earl of Danby, and Lord Francis Osborne, in their post-chaiseand four.
Lord George Cavendish, in his post-chaise and four.
Lord John Cavendish, in his post-chaise and four.
Sir Francis Molyneux and Sir Henry Hunloke, Barts., in Sir Henry's coach and six.
And upwards of forty other carriages of. the neighbouring gentry, leaning with their attendants.
Gentlemen on horseback, three and three.
Servants on horseback, ditto.
The procession in the town of Chesterfield went along Holywell Street, Saltergate, Glumangate; then to the left, along the upper side of the Market Place to Mr. Wilkinson's house, down the street past the Mayor's house, along the lower side of the Market Place to the end of the West Barts, from thence past Dr. Milne's house to the Castle, where the Derbyshire band of music formed in the centre and played "Rule, Britannia!" " God save the King," etc.; the clubs and corporation still proceeding in the same order to the Mayor's, and then dispersed.
The image of "The Revolution House" at Whittington that is mentioned on page 68 was not included in this publication but was later published in Cox's "Memorials".
It is reproduced elsewhere on this website
© 1996 - Ann Andrews | Contact Ann | Transcribed and OCR-ed April 2002 | All Rights Reserved | Last Update: 10 January, 2020


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/**
* @class animo.Bone
* @alternateClassName Bone
*
* Bone class is used to define skeleton structures. Each bone is connected to other children bones.
* When a bone is moved each of its children is moved as well in order to simulate skeletons.
* End users will probably never have to use this class directly.
*/
function Bone()
{
    this.m_rigid = false;
    this.m_name = "";
    this.m_uuid = "";

    this.children = new Array();
    this.neighbours = new Array();
    this.neighboursDistances = new Array();
    this.parent = null;

    this.positionX = 0.0;
    this.positionY = 0.0;
    this.previousPositionX = 0.0;//used when transitioning
    this.previousPositionY = 0.0;//used when transitioning
}

Bone.prototype.createWithDict = function(dict)
{
    //loading info from dictionary
    this.m_rigid = false;
    if(dict.rigid){ //property not available when bone is not rigid
        this.m_rigid = dict.rigid;
    }

    this.m_name = dict.name;
    this.m_uuid = dict.uuid;

    var bonePos = dict.localPos;
    if(bonePos != null)//if bone is root it does not have a local pos
    {
        var pos = ANPointFromString(bonePos);
        if (pos) {
            this.positionX = pos[0];
            this.positionY = pos[1];
        }
    }

    var childrenInfo = dict.children
    if(childrenInfo)
    {
        for (var i = 0; i < childrenInfo.length; i++)
        {
            var childInfo = childrenInfo[i];
            if(childInfo)
            {
                //var Bone = require('GameDevHelperAPI/Bone').Bone;
                var newbone = new Bone();
                newbone.createWithDict(childInfo);
                if(newbone != null){
                    this.addChild(newbone);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return this;
}

/**
* @method setRigid
* Set the rigid state of this bone.
* @param {Boolean} val
*/
Bone.prototype.setRigid = function(val){ this.m_rigid = val;}

/**
* @method getRigid
* Returns a variable representing the rigid state of this bone.
* @return {Boolean}
*/
Bone.prototype.getRigid = function(){ return this.m_rigid;}

/**
* @method getAllBones
* Returns an array which includes this and all children bones.
* @return {Array}
*/
Bone.prototype.getAllBones = function()
{
	var array = new Array();
	array.push(this);

	for (var i = 0; i < this.children.length; i++)
	{
		var childBone = this.children[i];
		if(childBone)
		{
			var boneChildren = childBone.getAllBones();
			if(boneChildren){
				array = array.concat(boneChildren);
			}
		}
	}
	return array;
}
/**
* @method getBoneWithName
* Returns a specific children bone given the name of the bone or null if no bone found.
* @param {String} val A string value representing the bone name.
* @return {Bone}
*/
Bone.prototype.getBoneWithName =function(val)
{
	if(this.m_name == val)
	{
		return this;
	}

	var boneChildren = this.getChildren();

	for(var i = 0; i < boneChildren.length; ++i)
	{
		var bone = boneChildren[i];
		if(bone)
		{
			var returnBone = bone.getBoneWithName(val)
			if(returnBone){
				return returnBone;
			}
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	return null;
}

/**
* @method getName
* Returns the name of the bone as a string value.
* @return {String}
*/
Bone.prototype.getName = function(){
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}

/**
* @method getUUID
* Returns the unique identifier of the bone as a string value.
* @return {String}
*/
Bone.prototype.getUUID = function(){
	return this.m_uuid;
}

/**
* @method setBonePosition
* Sets the position of the bone given the bone parent, which may be NULL.
* @param {Number} posX A number value.
* @param {Number} posY A number value.
* @param {Bone} father null or Bone object.
*/
Bone.prototype.setBonePosition = function(posX, posY, father)
{
	this.setPosition(posX, posY);
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}

/**
* @method degrees
* Returns the angle between this bone and its parent in degrees.
* @return {Number}
*/
Bone.prototype.degrees = function()
{
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	{
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		var curPointY = _father.getPositionY();

		var endPointX = this.getPositionX();
		var endPointY = this.getPositionY();

		//return (Math.atan2(   endPointY - curPointY,
			//              endPointX - curPointX)*180.0)/Math.PI;

		return (Math.atan2( curPointY - endPointY,
							endPointX - curPointX)*180.0)/Math.PI + 90.0;
	}

	return 0.0;
}

/**
* @method getParent
* Returns the parent bone of this bone.
* @return {Bone}
*/
Bone.prototype.getParent = function()
{
	return this.parent;
}

/**
* @method getPositionX
* Get local X position of the bone.
* @return {Number}
*/
Bone.prototype.getPositionX = function()
{
    return this.positionX;
}
/**
* @method getPositionY
* Get local Y position of the bone.
* @return {Number}
*/
Bone.prototype.getPositionY = function()
{
	return this.positionY;
}

/**
* @method setPosition
* Sets the local position of the bone.
* @param {Number} x a number value
* @param {Number} y a number value
*/
Bone.prototype.setPosition = function(x, y)
{
	this.positionX = x;
	this.positionY = y;
}

/**
* @method savePosition
* Save the current position to previousPosition. This is called at the begining of a transition.
*/
Bone.prototype.savePosition = function()
{
    this.previousPositionX = this.positionX;
    this.previousPositionY = this.positionY;
}

Bone.prototype.getPreviousPositionX = function()
{
    return this.previousPositionX;
}

Bone.prototype.getPreviousPositionY = function()
{
    return this.previousPositionY;
}

Bone.prototype.calculateDistancesFromNeighbours = function()
{
	this.neighboursDistances =[];

	for(var i = 0; i < this.neighbours.length; ++i)
	{
		var node = this.neighbours[i];

		var dx = node.getPositionX() - this.getPositionX();
		var dy = node.getPositionY() - this.getPositionY();

		this.neighboursDistances.push(Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy));
	}
}

Bone.prototype.addNeighbor = function(neighbor)
{
	if(this.neighbours == null){
		this.neighbours = new Array();
		this.neighboursDistances = new Array();
	}

	this.neighbours.push(neighbor);
	this.calculateDistancesFromNeighbours();
}

Bone.prototype.addChild = function(child)
{
	this.addNeighbor(child);
	this.children.push(child);
	child.setParent(this);
	this.calculateDistancesFromNeighbours();
	child.addNeighbor(this);
}

Bone.prototype.removeNeighbor = function(neighbor)
{
	var index = this.neighbours.indexOf(neighbor);
	this.neighbours.splice(index, 1);
}

Bone.prototype.setParent = function(father)
{
	if(this.parent == null)
	{
		this.parent = father;
	}
}

Bone.prototype.getChildren = function()
{
	return this.children;
};

Bone.prototype.makeMove = function(parent, child, dist)
{
	if(child && child.getRigid())
	{
	//do nothing
	}
	else if(parent)
	{
		var dx = this.getPositionX() - parent.getPositionX();
		var dy = this.getPositionY() - parent.getPositionY();
		var angle = Math.atan2(dy, dx);

		this.setPosition(parent.getPositionX() + Math.cos(angle)*dist,
                        parent.getPositionY() + Math.sin(angle)*dist);
	}
}

Bone.prototype.move = function(father)
{
	for(var i = 0; i < this.neighbours.length; ++i)
	{
		var node = this.neighbours[i];
		if(node != father)
		{
			node.makeMove(this, node, this.neighboursDistances[i]);

			node.move(this);
		}
	}
}

Bone.prototype.updateMovement = function()
{
	if(this.getRigid())
	{
		this.setBonePosition(this.getPositionX(), this.getPositionY(), null);
	}

	var boneChildren = this.getChildren();
	for(var i = 0; i < boneChildren.length; ++i)
	{
		var bone = boneChildren[i];
		bone.updateMovement();
	}
}

Bone.prototype = new Bone();
Bone.prototype.name = "Bone";
module.exports = Bone;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Short answer: both are important. I don't know about the actual article, but based on my familiarity with how faculty are hired at my department, both program prestige and university prestige are considered by different people. The faculty within the department focus on applicants' supervisors (whether they are people our faculty know of and how well our faculty know them) and publications. However, as hiring has to go through the college, the dean has the final say on who should be interviewed or hired. One applicant did not get an offer despite recommendation from the department because they did not go to a "tier-1 school" (whatever it means). I'm sure there are departments with more autonomy in who they hire, but you never know how your applications are evaluated by different people in the process.
The NASP website is your best bet. The school psychology program information page provides information about individual programs including number of applicants, PRAXIS results, student outcome data etc. As the profession is expanding, it is quite difficult for a graduate not to be able to find a job so as long as student outcome data look good and the program is NASP-approved, you can just go ahead. PRAXIS results are not reliable because it is so easy that people don't care much about it. Unless they are originally from another state, most graduates have chosen to work within the state where they did their specialist degree so probably school psychologists there may be able to tell you more about within-state reputation, but such information is probably not accessible to us. So I second the opinion that you should ask around if you want to stay in the same state after graduation.
Getting slightly discouraged. Any advice would be great!
I agree with all other posters on why you didn't get in. Being an international student is a major issue given the budget cuts. Canadian schools are not so good in terms of funding but U.S. private schools are extremely competitive. If you are really interested in research, you can try PhD in psychology programs with a mental health research focus. Those will be less competitive but won't enable you to get licensed. Another thing you may want to consider is whether you want to stay in the U.S./Canada or go back to your home country after graduation as tenure-track positions everywhere are difficult to get. You had some good experiences but since then you have pursued another career. It may take more elaboration in your personal statement to convince potential supervisors that you're committed as well besides worries about adaptation because there are many local applicants with similar profiles but more recent experience. So I'll suggest you look further into different programs and understand what they allow you to do in the future. In the U.S., all clinical, counseling, and school psychology programs enable to become a licensed psychologist. You may want to reconsider other options and apply to other programs in addition to clinical psychology programs. I was also an international applicant, working full-time as a teacher, studying part-time for my master's, RAing part-time, and preparing for my applications at the same time. I ended up in a PhD program in School Psychology that I really like. Making time is very important. You can make use of your commute time, get up earlier to study before you go to work etc. GRE is just an exam you need to spend more time on and there are a lot of materials available.
Starting early is a great step! I agree with what almondicecream said and have heard similar things. I'd just like to add certain things you may want to pay attention to as an international student. 1. While people may say that some supervisors will consider your non-native background and cut you some slack when it comes to GRE verbal and AW, I believe you can still do better than that. Getting great TOEFL scores can somehow make up to that, but you should check the university websites carefully as many universities now have specific requirements for international students who want to be considered for teaching assistantship. It has something to do with the lack of oral English skills in some international students in the past. I have seen requirements ranging from 25 to 28 for your TOEFL speaking score. Just something to bear in mind. Also, as a developmental graduate student, you may need to collect data from children and interact with parents. It's thus also possible for them to require better English communication skills. 2. You can submit presentation proposals to international conferences. Just make sure you pay attention to their deadlines, requirements, and target audiences. I'm sure there are also some national conferences in China. 3. Some universities publish statistics. For example, http://psychology.berkeley.edu/students/graduate-program/faq-general-admissions. You can say it's competitive as most candidates are well-qualified. You can see there were applicants from Peking University who got in. I'm sure you can ask around and seek advice from professors from your department about who they are and what they did. But in general, Chinese students tend to do cognitive psychology and neuroscience, which require more technical knowledge. 4. I would say if you want to stand out, you should try to publish. If you work for a good research lab, recruitment is more of the professor's concern than yours. You may help with recruitment, but usually they will tell you how. 5. As I said above, you need to convince your supervisor that they should choose you over local applicants. Besides English communication skills, cultural differences can also be an issue. They need to be assured that you'll be able to adapt to life in a different country while staying productive as a researcher. Another thing you may need to is the budget cut that has hit public universities hard. Some public universities are concerned about funding international students who are not eligible for in-state tuition. Private universities usually have more resources. However, the safest bet is to find a supervisor who is doing research that aligns with your interest and is externally funded. Some grants include funding a PhD student in their budget so the department does not have to pay for that student and the supervisor has more autonomy in who they want. I was once taught by a developmental psychologist who did her undergrad at Peking University and her PhD in the US. So it's also possible for you. Good luck!
I believe it depends on your goals and priorities. Northeastern provides different concentrations so if you're interested in becoming a BCBA along the way, you can choose their ABA concentration. Other than that you can become an NCSP after completing either program. Worcester State didn't provide data to NASP this year. Otherwise you could also compare other information such as cohort size, PRAXIS passing rate etc. You can certainly ask Worcester State for the info. You may also consider where you want to work in the future. While being an NCSP gives you mobility, many school psychologists choose to find a position in the nearby areas. Attending Northeastern also means higher COA. Whether you're willing to take on more debt is a personal choice.
When I applied last year funding was quite bad for both because of state-wide budget cut. Madison is still a bigger name and I've heard bad things about Milwaukee and was advised against applying to it because of lack of organization and faculty members.
Congratulations on your acceptance! Sorry to hear about your funding situation. I heard that funding has always been tricky at Temple. And funding is poorer in school psych than clinical/counseling psych in general. While you can always try to negotiate, you can talk to current students and see whether this is typical first. Then you can decide how you can approach it more appropriately.
All the applicants invited to the interview day of my program had some research experience. The least I saw was a senior with some lab experience. While I would say never say never, your chances are slim. I think what you can do is offer to work for professors. I was in your shoes back then (working full-time, studying part-time) and I worked for a lab for 10 hours a week for a year on weekday nights, on Saturdays, and during long holidays. I'm not sure if you can find something similar but you can ask around and see.
Changing fields post-grad-- where to take pre-reqs?
It may be a good idea for him to do the MA/MS first and figure out what he wants to do. There are different licenses with requirements that vary from state to state. In general, a doctoral degree is required to become a licensed psychologist in the US and a professional master's to become a licensed mental health counselor. He may want to do more research on how these qualifications and careers are different from each other.
Another way is do an MA/MS in (general) psychology. There are one-year and two-year programs that prepare you for further studies in specialized areas of psychology. He can do that in Japan if there are similar programs. You should ask him what his goal is after getting a master's in clinical psychology. He cannot practice in the US with just a master's, but I'm not sure if he can do so in Japan.
Because that's what NASP says: https://www.nasponline.org/standards-and-certification/national-certification/ncsp-eligibility You should note that NASP is an organization primarily for specialist-level programs and the information from the link above applies to specialist-level programs only. That's why the term "practicum" is used to refer to the hours they do in their 2nd year while "internship" in their 3rd year. It's different for doctoral-level programs. We typically complete the 600 hours required by NASP in our 3rd or 4th year doing advanced practicum/field-based experience/advanced fieldwork/whatever the school chooses to call it. You can refer to P.7-8 of the following document: https://www.nasponline.org/Documents/Standards and Certification/Standards/2_Credentialing_Standards.pdf I haven't heard a problem like this in my program so I just assumed that is the case for all doctoral programs, especially those that encourage you to do an APA-accredited internship. But I'll certainly confirm with those schools who said your internship must include 600 hours in a school setting and ask what their students/graduates typically do as program requirements vary from program to program.
Those programs aim to train researchers only and you cannot become an NCSP automatically. You should note that many PhD students found out that they're more interested in practice instead of research in the middle of their studies. Going to a non-NASP-approved program doesn't give you the convenience if you decide to become a practitioner. Of course you can still apply to become an NCSP if you fulfill all the requirements but it's just more troublesome.
Thanks for sharing the survey. It's an interesting read. I'm not sure if much can be done as there aren't many quantitative psychologists to begin with (as shown clearly in the survey. There are two quantitative psychologists in my department but both are Europeans). And many soft scientists just follow statistical conventions without understanding the underlying principles and remain users of statistics only. I also agree that changes must be made at the undergraduate level as many programs (except for APA-accredited programs that have many more requirements) only require one or two years of coursework. It may be difficult to fit stat/method courses into the curriculum.