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Site U1581 Summary
Site U1581 (proposed Site TB-01A) is located on the deep, flat part of the Transkei Basin (35°40.8654′S, 29°39.0055′E) in 4591 m water depth. This area of the Transkei Basin shows a smooth bathymetry with water depths between 4000 and 4600 m, and no apparent dip can be recognized in the site's vicinity. The site is located on the crossing point of lines AWI-20050008 and AWI-20050014. The seismic data show that the Transkei Basin is characterised by the mounded structure of the Agulhas Drift, an elongate sediment drift about 220 m thick and rising about 200 m above the seafloor. This sequence shows a number of high amplitude internal reflections. Below the base reflector P of the Agulhas Drift, the reflection characteristics change towards lower reflectivity. The Agulhas Drift is underlain by the M Drift, a sediment drift formed during the Oligocene and Miocene (Schlüter and Uenzelmann-Neben, 2008). The M Drift shows a strike almost perpendicular to the Agulhas Drift, which is indicative of a strong change in the direction of the prevalent bottom current. Reflector M dominates the seismic image of the Oribi Drift in the middle of the sequence. Reflector E forms the base of the only up to 30 m thick seismic unit 2. Two reflectors K-T and B characterize the deepest seismic unit above rugged oceanic basement
Site U1581 was chosen to recover Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene sedimentary record, as well as a partial Neogene sequence. This site was especially dedicated to target reflector B within the Cretaceous sequence. This reflector has been interpreted to represent black shales, and recovery of material from the reflector and above/below was intended to provide information on the formation of black shales in connection with ocean anoxia. Integration of seismic profiles with the drilling results will allow direct dating the observed seismic unconformities K-T, E, O, M, and P, and interpret their causes. Further objectives concern paleoenvironment and paleodepth of the Transkei Basin. At this site, critical intervals of ocean/climate transitions such as Mi-1 and Oi-1 glaciations, the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary, Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 2, and OAE 3 were expected to be documented in the sedimentary record.
After completing the 338 nmi voyage to proposed Site TB-01A (Site U1581), we arrived on site at 2345 h on 9 March 2022. All times are local ship time (UTC + 2 h). The thrusters were lowered, and the ship was switched to full dynamic positioning (DP) mode at 2357 h. The advanced piston corer/extended core barrel (APC/XCB) bottom-hole assembly (BHA) was assembled and we began tripping pipe to the seafloor. We attempted to shoot the first APC core from 4573.8 meters below sea level (mbsl); however, this resulted in no recovery (water core). Two additional attempts from 4578.8 and 4583.8 mbsl also resulted in no recovery. Hole U1581A was successfully spudded at 2115 h on 10 March, recovering 6.88 m, and the seafloor was calculated at 4591.4 mbsl. APC coring continued to 207.2 m core depth below seafloor (CSF-A) (Core U1581A-24H). The advanced piston corer temperature (APCT-3) tool was run on Cores U1581A-4H, 7H, 10H, and 13H, with good data collected on all four. Pressure in the pipe increased while drilling the rathole of Core 24H. A mud sweep was pumped and the core barrel was pulled back to the surface while the crew continued to circulate and condition the hole with an additional two mud sweeps.
When the core barrel returned to the rig floor it had recovered 8.11 m (Core U1581A-25G; the designation for a core with an uncertain depth). A fray in the core line was also discovered and this was repaired. Cores 26H to 29H advanced to 233.8 m CSF-A. We then switched to the half-length advanced piston corer (HLAPC) system. Cores 30F to 38F advanced to 276.1 m CSF-A. We then switched to the XCB system and Cores 39X to 41X advanced to 300.5 m CSF-A; however, strong swells and resultant low recovery and poor core quality led to the termination of coring in Hole U1581A at 1800 h on 13 March. A total of 41 cores were taken in Hole U1581A over a 300.5 m interval with 90.9% recovery. Total time on Hole U1581A was 104.4 h (4.35 d).
The drill string was pulled out of the hole and pipe tripped back to the vessel, with the bit clearing the rig floor at 0825 h on 14 March. It was determined that a compassionate evacuation was needed for a crew member. An attempt was made to recover the acoustic positioning beacon; however, it was ultimately deemed lost. The vessel was switched from DP to cruise mode at 0945 h and the thrusters were up and secured at 1014 h, beginning the sea passage to Gqeberha (formerly known as Port Elizabeth). The vessel arrived at the edge of the Gqeberha harbor at approximately 0700 h on 15 March. Clearance for the departing crew member was received at 1300 h and they disembarked the vessel via launch at 1402 h. We then began the transit to Site U1581, arriving just before noon on 16 March. The BHA with a C-4 bit was made-up and tripped to 4499.7 meters below rig floor (mbrf) before a slip and cut of the drilling line. Hole U1581B was spudded at 0230 h on 17 March. A rotary core barrel (RCB) barrel with a center bit was used to drill ahead to 289 m CSF-A, with several mud sweeps during the drill down. The drill down portion of the hole averaged 46.2 m/h. The center bit was recovered and coring commenced with Core U1581B-2R at 1445 h on 17 March. Coring continued through 24 March with Core 74R at 997.1 m CSF-A, the final depth for Hole U1581B.
In preparation for downhole logging, the hole was swept with sepiolite mud to flush cuttings and the bit released at 1835 h on 24 March. The hole was further displaced with mud and the drill string was placed to 77.8 m CSF-A for downhole logging. The first downhole logging run was made with the Schlumberger Versatile Seismic Imager (VSI). The tool began its descent, but encountered a solid ledge at 222.4 m CSF-A. The tool was worked up and down for almost an hour, but was unsuccessful at passing the ledge. The decision was made to bring the tool back to surface and move the drill pipe down, to cover the ledge. The VSI cleared the rig floor and the drill pipe was run in to 408.5 m CSF-A. Due to the lack of daylight for another VSI run, a modified triple combo tool string was made up, with the DSI (Dipole Shear Sonic Imager) in place of the High-Resolution Laterolog Array (HRLA) unit. The tool string consisted of the Hostile Environment Natural Gamma Ray Sonde (HNGS), Hostile Environment Litho-Density Sonde (HLDS), DSI, and Magnetic Susceptibility Sonde (MSS).
Upon make-up, a problem was found with power to the lower portion of the tool string. This was replaced and the tool string was deployed. At 2606.8 mbrf depth (still within the water column), there was growing evidence of an electrical fault with tool. It was decided to bring the tool back to the surface, where the tool was repaired and redeployed. The triple combo tool reached 1300.0 mbrf but again showed an electrical fault, and the decision was made to terminate logging. The tool string was pulled out of the hole and the cause of the electrical fault was much later determined to be the conductors in the collector and pinched conductors in the logging head. The triple combo tools were disassembled and the drill string was tripped back to the vessel, clearing the seafloor at 0555 h and the rig floor at 1510 h on 26 March, ending Hole U1581B. A total of 73 cores were taken in Hole U1581B over a 708.1 m interval with 76% recovery. Total time on Hole U1581B was 243.12 h (10.13 d).
Principal results
Lithostratigraphy
A ~994 m thick Pleistocene‒Campanian sedimentary succession composed of calcareous and siliciclastic sediments was recovered at Site U1581. The upper part of the succession is relatively carbonate rich, whereas the lower part is dominantly siliciclastic in composition. The sedimentary sequence is subdivided into two lithostratigraphic units (I and II), both of which are further subdivided into two subunits: Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb.
Lithostratigraphic Unit I (0.0‒390.05 m CSF-A) is a 390 m thick sequence of Pleistocene‒Upper Paleocene biogenic ooze with variable amounts of sand, silt, and clay. The unit is divided into two subunits (Subunits Ia and Ib) on the basis of a higher concentration of siliciclastic material in Subunit Ib. Subunit Ia is 198.24 m thick and consists principally of greenish-gray, light yellowish-brown, and light brown clayey nannofossil ooze with biosilica, nannofossil ooze, grayish-green foraminifer ooze with sand, silt, and clay intervals. The basal contacts of thin sand intervals that overlie nannofossil oozes are typically sharp or erosive when well recovered. Carbonate content in Subunit Ia is highly variable, ranging between ~20 and 80 wt% within biogenic intervals and <1 wt% within siliciclastic intervals. Subunit Ib is 139 m thick in Hole U1581A and 101 m thick in Hole U1581B. It consists predominantly of siliciclastic sand, silt, and clay with occasional biogenic sediments, e.g., silty nannofossil ooze. Biogenic sediments are less common in Subunit Ib and occur as irregular, thin layers within thick packages of sand and silt. The siliciclastic sediments consist of medium- to fine-grained sand and silt layers that are massive or laminated and are occasionally normally graded. Carbonate content is generally low (<2 wt%) in Subunit 1b, except for in discrete decimeter-scale nannofossil-rich intervals where it can be as high as ~40 wt%. The contact between Units I and II at 390.05 m CSF-A is marked by a change in lithology from intercalated siliciclastic and calcareous sediments to dominantly siliciclastic sediments, as well as a decrease in average carbonate content.
Lithostratigraphic Unit II (395.70–993.97 m CSF-A) is a 582 m thick middle Paleocene to Campanian sequence of siliciclastic sediments consisting of sand, silt, and clay and sandstone, siltstone, and claystone. This unit is divided into two subunits (Subunit IIa and IIb) based on the degree of lithification (clay vs. claystone). Subunit IIa is ~90 m thick and consists of dark to very dark greenish-gray fine-grained sand and silt, clayey silt and very dark greenish-gray or black clay, clay with silt and minor greenish-gray to black silicified siltstone with glauconite. Bedding ranges from massive to laminated, with normal grading in some intervals. Well-preserved inoceramids (bivalves) and other shell fragments are observed macroscopically throughout the subunit. The contact between Subunit IIa and IIb is sharp, with Subunit IIb marked by a sharp decline in magnetic susceptibility, an increase in dry density, and a decrease in porosity. Subunit IIb is ~507 m thick and consists of dark to very dark greenish-gray siltstones, fine- to medium-grained sandstones, and very dark greenish-gray or black claystones. The sandy layers become less frequent downhole and are not present below ~791 m CSF-A. Mass movement is reflected by repeated fining upward sequences of sand to silt or silt with soft sediment deformation features such as convolute lamination or load casts. However, finer grain sizes in Unit II (clays and fine silts) suggest a more distal location with respect to the sediment source in comparison to Unit l.
Micropaleontology
The 994.02 m thick sedimentary succession recovered at Site U1581 consists of varying proportions of siliciclastic sediment and biogenic ooze, which contains calcareous nannofossils, foraminifers, dinocysts, radiolarians, and diatoms in varying abundance and preservation state. Within Lithostratigraphic Subunit Ia (0–198.24 m CSF-A; Pleistocene to late Miocene), calcareous nannofossils and foraminifers are generally abundant and moderately to well preserved throughout this subunit. Reworking of nannofossils is particularly prevalent in more siliciclastic-rich sediments. Diatoms and other siliceous microfossils (including radiolarians and silicoflagellates) are common to abundant and well preserved in the uppermost ~7 m of the sequence. Below this, moderately preserved diatoms are present in few to rare numbers down to ~110 m CSF-A, whereas radiolarians are common down to ~93 m CSF-A, and present in few numbers down to ~175 m CSF-A. Dinocysts are well preserved when present, but their abundance varies throughout Subunit Ia from present in the Pleistocene and Pliocene (0–101 m CSF-A) to sparse in the Miocene (121.13–198.24 m CSF-A).
Within Lithostratigraphic Subunit Ib (198.24‒390.05 m CSF-A; late Miocene to mid-Paleocene), calcareous nannofossils are common to abundant and moderately preserved in many samples; however, they are occasionally rare or absent entirely in some intervals, particularly in coarser grained lithologies. Foraminifers are abundant but poorly to moderately preserved at the top of this subunit. Below ~240 m CSF-A, foraminifers are either absent or present in low numbers and poorly preserved. Siliceous microfossils are absent in this subunit. Poor preservation of dinocysts and miospores continues into the top of Lithostratigraphic Subunit IIb between 198.24 and 242.67 m CSF-A. Dinocysts and miospores are rare to common in the Oligocene (247.35–282.75 m CSF-A), absent in the Eocene (294.36–370.61 m CSF-A), and common to abundant in the Paleocene (378.61–395.70 m CSF-A).
Within Lithostratigraphic Unit II (395.70–994.02 m CSF-A; Paleocene–Campanian), calcareous nannofossil abundance and preservation varies significantly throughout the unit. Nannofossils are present in few to common numbers in only some Paleocene samples, with many samples completely barren. Nannofossils are generally present only in few numbers in the Cretaceous, but they are surprisingly well preserved, particularly between ~470 and 770 m CSF-A. Deeper than this, abundance decreases and preservation deteriorates, with the lowermost sediments devoid of nannofossils. Foraminifers are almost entirely absent in the >63 µm size fraction in Lithostratigraphic Unit II; however, small foraminifers <20 µm are observed in smear slides throughout the unit. Pyritized diatom fragments are common throughout much of this subunit. Although they are often fragmented, some samples contain nearly complete pyritized diatom valves. Preservation of dinocysts and miospores is moderate to good in Lithostratigraphic Unit II. Both are common to abundant throughout all samples investigated, and contain rich and diverse assemblages, which will provide ample opportunity for postcruise study of the terrestrial and marine paleoenvironmental evolution of the region.
The siliciclastic component of Site U1581 sediments includes coarse-grained units with sharp bases and normal grading that are interpreted as turbidites. As a result, an uncertain proportion of the microfossils found in the sediments of Site U1581 were likely transported from nearby shallower settings. Consequently, there is a significant component of reworked microfossils throughout the sedimentary succession at Site U1581, which complicates identification of the biohorizon tops of species. However, the biohorizons identified demonstrate a clear age progression, suggesting that transported sediments were deposited quasicontemporaneously.
Calcareous nannofossils, planktonic foraminifers, diatoms, dinocysts, and magnetostratigraphy provide age control for the Campanian to Pleistocene sediment sequence recovered at Site U1581. For the Campanian–Paleocene interval, nannofossils and dinocysts provide biostratigraphic age constraints that guided correlation of paleomagnetic reversals to the geomagnetic polarity timescale (GPTS) (Lithostratigraphic Unit II and lower Subunit Ib; 993.97 to 367.45 m CSF-A). The lowermost strata recovered at Site U1581 are dated to ~78.5 Ma by nannofossil biostratigraphy. Consistent normal polarity from the base of the hole at 993.97 m CSF-A up to 675.68 m CSF-A further constrains the age of the oldest sediment cored to <79.9 Ma, within Chron C33n. Biostratigraphic datums also constrain two paleomagnetic reversals at 675.68 and 657.83 m CSF-A to the C32r.2r/C33n and the C32n.2n/C32r.1r reversals, respectively. The Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary (72.17 Ma) is identified at ~532 m CSF-A using nannofossil biostratigraphy. Upsection, several additional nannofossil and dinocyst biohorizons constrain three paleomagnetic reversals at 557.50, 544.84, and 532.10 m CSF-A to the C32n.1r/C32n.2n, C32n.1n/C32n.1r, and C31r/C32n.1n reversals, respectively. Dinoflagellate biostratigraphy indicates an early Maastrichtian age for the strata between 531.50 and 467.19 m CSF-A. The stratigraphy across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary interval at ~466 m CSF-A interval is complex, with one or more possible hiatuses, significant reworking, and a complicated magnetic signal.
The Paleocene sequence recovered at Site U1581 also has a complex stratigraphy, with varying sedimentation rates and at least two hiatuses based on age constraints from dinocysts, nannofossils, and paleomagnetic reversals. The sequence from 466.45 to 444.20 m CSF-A has predominantly normal polarity and contains a number of dinocyst biohorizon bases, which are associated with the first phase following the K/Pg boundary. Nannofossils from this interval comprise a dominantly reworked Maastrichtian assemblage, but nannofossil markers for the base of the Paleocene are identified at 444.28 m CSF-A. The correlation of the reversal at 446.31 m CSF-A to the Chron C28r/C29n boundary is also consistent with the earliest Danian age indicated by dinocyst assemblages. Dinocyst biostratigraphy constrains the age of the interval between 439.24–435.50 m CSF-A to 64.0‒63.4 Ma. The top of the Paleocene interval is dated to >58.80 Ma at 381.79 m CSF-A based on nannofossil biostratigraphy. There is a significant change in the assemblage at this stratigraphic level, indicating another hiatus and that much of the upper Paleocene and lower Eocene is missing at Site U1581.
The base of the Eocene section recovered at Site U1581 is placed at 367.45 m CSF-A and dated to ~50.65 Ma with nannofossil biostratigraphy. Nannofossil biostratigraphy indicates a late middle Eocene age at 321.01 m CSF-A, with low sedimentation rates (~0.4 cm/ky) calculated for the lowermost Eocene section. Nannofossil biostratigraphy further supports the presence of a hiatus or highly condensed interval at ~315 m CSF-A spanning the middle to upper Eocene. A lower Oligocene to lower Miocene sedimentary succession between 302.48‒214.84 m CSF-A is constrained by 14 calcareous nannofossil and dinocyst biostratigraphic datums. Due to a poor paleomagnetic signal, no magnetic reversals were identified in this interval. Nannofossil biostratigraphy dates the ~215 m CSF-A to 20.98 Ma (early Miocene). Above this, there are two hiatuses or highly condensed intervals within the Miocene succession spanning ~21 to 7 Ma.
The age-depth model for the uppermost Miocene to Pleistocene sedimentary succession at Site U1581 is constrained by 20 diatom, dinocyst, and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic datums, and 8 magnetic reversals. Nannofossil biostratigraphy dates the base of this interval to ~7 Ma at 185.54 m CSF-A and the top of this interval to 0.29 Ma at 1.35 m CSF-A. Sedimentation rates are interpreted to be relatively continuous through the Plio-Pleistocene interval, although the frequent occurrence of turbidites likely means that sedimentation rates vary at a finer scale.
Paleomagnetism
Paleomagnetic measurements were undertaken on archive section halves from Holes U1581A and U1581B and on 110 discrete samples from both holes. Paleomagnetic experiments included alternating field (AF) demagnetization, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) acquisition. These experiments were performed to constrain magnetic polarity and the magnetic mineralogy of sedimentary units from Site U1581. Paleomagnetic results are of variable quality, and magnetic polarity could only be determined from ~50% of the cores recovered from Hole U1581A and ~65% from Hole U1581B. From cores with clear magnetic polarity, nineteen reversals were identified and correlated to chrons within the GPTS from GTS2020 (Gradstein et al. 2020; Ogg 2020). These include Chrons C1n through C2Ar (Pleistocene–Pliocene) in Hole U1581A and Chrons C19r through C33n (Middle Eocene–Campanian) in Hole U1581B. Rock magnetic results indicate that the magnetic mineralogy comprises both ferri- and antiferromagnetic minerals. There is no observable trend in magnetic mineralogy with depth or between sedimentary units. Measurements of AMS indicate that the majority of samples from Site U1581 possess a typical oblate sedimentary fabric; however, samples from the basal ~75 m of Lithostratigraphic Subunit IIb possess a prolate fabric, likely indicating a tectonic imprint.
The geochemistry program at Site U1581 was designed to characterize the composition of bulk sediment and interstitial water (IW) and report on the presence and abundance of volatile hydrocarbons for routine safety monitoring. Methane values range from 0.7 to 1458 ppmv. Hydrocarbons with longer chain lengths up to n-hexane (C6) were detected from 490.52 to 990.12 m CSF-A (bottom of Hole U1581B). The consistent presence of headspace gas up to hexane in the lower part of Hole U1581B is consistent with a thermogenic origin of the hydrocarbons. Notably, ethane/methane (C2/C1) ratios are markedly elevated between 490.52 and 655.22 m CSF-A, with a maximum at 610 m CSF-A.
IW samples were analyzed in Holes U1581A and U1581B down to 978.88 m CSF-A), and pore water was extractable in all but the lowermost sample in Core 74R (990.02 m CSF-A). Alkalinity values increase from roughly 3.4 mM in the shallowest sample at 2.96 m CSF-A to 10.02 mM at 74.81 m CSF-A. Alkalinity values then decrease to a value of 1.43 mM at 277.5 m CSF-A and remain relatively constant between 0.831 and 2.335 mM below this depth. pH values range from ~7.5 to 8.0 down to ~625 m CSF-A, and ammonium values follow a trend quite similar to alkalinity in all Hole U1581A samples, with a maximum value of approximately 1161 µM at ~100 m CSF-A, decreasing to ~280 µM at ~256 m CSF-A. Ammonium then steadily increases to the bottom of the hole to values of ~1 mM.
Of the major anions, sulfate decreases from a value of ~28 mM at 2.96 m CSF-A to ~14 mM at ~138 m CSF-A. Sulfate then increases slightly to a value of 18.06 mM at 358.31 m CSF-A, before decreasing again to 3.75 mM at 722.91 m CSF-A. Chloride decreases downhole from 574 mM in the uppermost section to values as low as 455.48 mM in the deepest part of the section. Sodium shows a marked increase in variability below ~200 m CSF-A with concentrations ranging between ~440 and 530 mM. Magnesium concentrations decrease downhole from 50.95 mM to 6.68 mM at the base of the hole. Calcium decreases from a concentration of 10.32 mM at 2.96 m CSF-A to 6.94 mM at 93.81 m CSF-A, before increasing to a maximum concentration of 20.95 mM at 377.71 m CSF-A. Below ~400 m, Ca concentrations decrease to ~6 mM at the base of the section. K concentrations decrease from a maximum of 11.39 mM at 19.37 m CSF-A to 1.2 mM at 600.70 m CSF-A. Below this depth, K concentrations remain stable between ~1 and 2 mM.
In total, 201 sediment samples were analyzed for bulk carbon and nitrogen analyses at Site U1581. Total carbon and carbonate weight percentages range from 0 to 10.01 wt% and 0 to 83.36 wt%, respectively, which is consistent with the deposition of pelagic biogenic oozes and lithological observations. More variability and overall the highest carbonate content is observed in biogenic oozes down to 198 m CSF-A. Below 200 m CSF-A, inorganic carbon and carbonate content typically decrease to below 10 wt%, with averages of 0.97 wt% and 8.11 wt%, respectively. The main carbonate mineral phase is likely calcite for the predominant part of the upper biogenic ooze lithologies; however, in the more siliciclastic sediments below 200 m CSF-A, the carbonate content may include other carbonate minerals, including siderite and dolomite. Despite these uncertainties, carbonate carbon persists in selected samples to the bottom of the analyzed sedimentary section (~993 m CSF-A). The average total organic carbon content is 0.46 ± 0.31 wt% with minimum and maximum concentrations of 0 wt% and 1.69 wt%, respectively. Average total organic carbon is slightly elevated to 0.52 wt% below 200 m CSF-A to the base of the recovered section at Site U1581.
Standard measurements of physical properties were made on cores from Holes U1581A and U1581B using the Whole-Round Multisensor Logger (WRMSL), Section Half Multisensor Logger (SHMSL), and the Natural Gamma Radiation Logger (NGRL) track instruments. Discrete measurements were also made for moisture and density (MAD) analysis, thermal conductivity, and P-wave velocities on the P-wave caliper system.
In Hole U1581A, core disturbance was common in cores collected with the APC, HLAPC, and XCB systems, affecting the continuous track measurements of physical properties for cores. Discrete sampling for thermal conductivity and MAD analyses avoided core disturbance wherever readily identifiable. Many of the clay-rich lithologies at Site U1581 expanded in volume upon recovery, likely altering some physical properties. In Hole U1581B, the trends in physical properties show a continuation of observations recorded in Hole U1581A. Average natural gamma ray (NGR) levels and deconvolved uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium (K) concentrations are higher at Site U1581 compared to the two previous sites on the Agulhas Plateau, reflecting lower carbonate content and higher clay content in the Transkei Basin. Values for P-wave velocity, thermal conductivity, and bulk density all increase downcore through the biogenic oozes of Lithostratigraphic Subunit Ia in the upper 198.24 m CSF-A. At the contact between Lithostratigraphic Subunits Ia and Ib (~198.24 m CSF-A), a sharp ~0.2–0.3 g/cm3 increase in bulk density occurs where a hiatus is indicated by biostratigraphic analysis. Finer-scale changes in physical properties at Site U1581, such as in NGR and magnetic susceptibility (MS), are associated with decimeter-scale nannofossil ooze/chalk beds, which are likely turbiditic in origin. A major increase in MS to ~400 instrument units (IU) occurs in the clayey silts and silty clays of Lithostratigraphic Subunit IIa (395.70–486.07 m CSF-A) and corresponds with the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary interval. The grain density of claystones in Lithostratigraphic Subunit IIb (486.07–994.02 m CSF-A) is high (~2.75 to ~2.85 g/cm3) and likely relates to the presence of authigenic minerals such as pyrite and siderite. P-wave velocity at Site U1581 increases downcore relatively linearly from ~1650 m/s at the seafloor to ~2200 m/s at the base of Lithostratigraphic Unit II (994.02 m CSF-A).
Downhole Measurements
Standard downhole measurements at Site U1581 in the Transkei Basin included formation temperature measurements in Hole U1581A. Due to electrical connection problems during wireline logging of Hole U1581B, only NGR wireline logging data were collected between ~80 and 220 m WMSF using the Enhanced Digital Telemetry Cartridge (EDTC) device run at the top of the triple combo tool string.
The logging data provide downhole NGR data across the poorly recovered interval at the base of Pliocene-Pleistocene drift deposits. These data allow for detailed correlation between Cores U1581A-10H to 26H and downhole logging data. A cyclic pattern in the downhole NGR profile is characteristic for alternating sand and clay-rich turbiditic deposits.
Borehole formation temperatures were measured using the APCT-3 tool during piston coring of four cores in Hole U1581A (Cores U1581A-4H, 35.4 m CSF-A; 7H, 54.4 m CSF-A; 10H, 92.4 m CSF-A; and 13H, 120.9 m CSF-A). The temperature measurements were of good quality, displaying characteristic thermal cooling curves. The equilibrium borehole temperatures were calculated using the TP-Fit software (Heesemann et al., 2006): 2.83 ± 0.002°C, 4.13 ± 0.002°C, 5.43 ± 0.011°C and 6.10 ± 0.033°C. A geothermal gradient of ~37.0°C/km and a heat flow of ~47.3 mW/m2 were calculated using Bullard's method. These preliminary results are generally consistent with nearby prior measurements for the Transkei Basin published in the global heat flow database by Fuchs et al. (2021), but require further postcruise analysis and uncertainty estimation.
Fuchs, S., Norden, B., Artemieva, I., Chiozzi, P., Dedecek, P., Demezhko, D., Förster, A., Gola, G., Gosnold, W., Hamza, V., Harris, R., 2021. The Global Heat Flow Database.
Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., and Ogg, G.M. (Eds)., 2020. The Geological Time Scale 2020: Amsterdam (Elsevier).
Ogg, J.G., 2020. The geomagnetic polarity timescale. In: Gradstein, F., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M., Ogg, G. (Eds.), The Geologic Time Scale 2020. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 159–192.
Schlüter, P., Uenzelmann-Neben, G., 2008. Indications for bottom current activity since Eocene times: The climate and ocean gateway archive of the Transkei Basin, South Africa. Global and Planetary Change 60, 416-428.


The purpose of this study was to design and optimize a system for the high-throughput analysis of multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), and validate the system through the study of a complex biological model. The system was successfully created and optimized, allowing the histological recovery of MCTS at rates up to 90% for microarrays of 24-spheroids. Arrays of 96-spheroids were recovered at rates up to 86%. The system was used to study the penetration of 5k Da-polyethylene coated superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (5k-PEG SPIONs) into HTB-126 breast cancer spheroids cultured to a mean diameter of 486 micrometer (± 25.2 micrometer). Results were compared to an identical study using 2D cultures. Positive staining for the SPION dosage of 100 microgram/milliliter in 2D culture regardless of incubation time was observed along with a lack of staining for all other concentrations in both 2D and 3D. SPION incubation led to necrosis in breast cancer spheroids after 3 days.
Gabriel, Jonathan Robert, "High throughput analysis of the penetration of iron oxide/polyethylene glycol nanoparticles into multicellular breast cancer tumor spheroids" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 2454.


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Home Predictions Sports Cwc 2019 India Vs Sri Lanka Match Prediction
India vs Sri Lanka Match Prediction: Who Will Win, IND or SL?
Acharya Bhattāchārya
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46th Match Forecast for ICC Cricket World Cup 2019 - 1st Semi Final - IND vs NZ Match Prediction
India vs Sri Lanka Match Prediction: Who Will Win IND or SL Match?
India may have sealed the deal in terms of making it to the semi-finals of the ICC World Cup 2019; however, they cannot afford to take it easy just yet. They have one last game to play in this leg of the championship before the semi-finals take place. A lot of factors will come into play when determining their opponents in the upcoming games. India will be playing against Sri Lanka in the 44th match of the ICC World Cup 2019. Sadly, Sri Lanka has not qualified for the semi-finals.
India is at 13 points, while Australia is at 14. If Australia loses to South Africa, India will lead the table. If India loses their match against the Sri Lankans, they will play against England, the winners of the 41st match. Sri Lanka may not need to win; however, they cannot be taken lightly. India faced Sri Lanka in a similar situation two years ago at the champions trophy. India were the favourites while Sri Lanka was struggling in every possible way. Even though Dhawan managed to score a century and helped India score a total of 321 runs, Sri Lanka managed to stun the world with a victory with over eight balls to spare. Who do you think will win the 44th match of the ICC World Cup 2019? Will history repeat itself and let Sri Lanka win? Or will India manage to settle scores? Find out what Ganesha has to say.
Find daily match predictions for ICC World Cup 2019 .
Event Details for Today's 44th ICC Cricket World Cup Match 2019:
India vs Sri Lanka Today Match Prediction
Date of India vs Sri Lanka, 44th Match of CWC 2019: 6th-July, 2019
CWC 2019, India vs Sri Lanka Match Time: 3:00 PM (In India) (9:30 AM GMT)
Place of India vs Sri Lanka, World Cup Match 2019: Headingley, Leeds
CWC 2019 Team Key Players: India vs Sri Lanka Prediction
According to Ganesha, the key players from Sri Lanka will be Dimuth Karunaratne, Lahiru Thirimanne, Suranga Lakmal. While the key players from India will be Rohit Sharma, Jasprit Bumrah, MS Dhoni, Chahal.
India vs Sri Lanka Toss Prediction: ICC World Cup Match 2019
As per Ganesha's readings, the team to win the toss will be India. Who do you think will win this match though? Who will outplay the other?
India vs Sri Lanka Prediction: India Will Win IND vs SL Match
According to Ganesha, the winner of the 44th match of the ICC World Cup 2019 will be India.
Get an accurate Finance Prediction of your future just like this one! It's Absolutely Free!
With Ganesha's Grace,
Acharya Bhattacharya
The GaneshaSpeaks.com Team

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


2. A detachable extension to the back of an envelope, having a perforated edge and special marketing information or an order form on it.
pony - an informal term for a racehorse; "he liked to bet on the ponies"
Sections of the Mall are also able to be closed to vehicles for pedestrian only events including Sunday Markets, bangtail muster and Christmas parade.
Westvaco's envelope division recently debuted a new outside coupon bangtail envelope, intended for use as an outer carrier envelope.
Products include the reusable envelope, CD and one-piece mailers, bangtail envelopes for fundraising, and creative designed involvement envelopes for the direct mail industry.


Questions? We'd love to help from you! Complete the Contact Information form below and we will contact you. Be sure to tell us if you prefer to be contacted by email or telephone and we will do that the same day.
Copyright © 2010-2019 A Carat & Under Jewelers. All rights reserved.


text:
namespace cloud_print {

CloudPrintProxy::CloudPrintProxy()
    : service_prefs_(NULL),
      client_(NULL),
      enabled_(false) {
}

CloudPrintProxy::~CloudPrintProxy() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  ShutdownBackend();
}

void CloudPrintProxy::Initialize(ServiceProcessPrefs* service_prefs,
                                 Client* client) {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  service_prefs_ = service_prefs;
  client_ = client;
}

void CloudPrintProxy::EnableForUser() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  if (!CreateBackend())
    return;
  DCHECK(backend_.get());
  // Read persisted robot credentials because we may decide to reuse it if the
  // passed in LSID belongs the same user.
  std::string robot_refresh_token = service_prefs_->GetString(
      prefs::kCloudPrintRobotRefreshToken, std::string());
  std::string robot_email =
      service_prefs_->GetString(prefs::kCloudPrintRobotEmail, std::string());
  user_email_ = service_prefs_->GetString(prefs::kCloudPrintEmail, user_email_);

  // See if we have persisted robot credentials.
  if (!robot_refresh_token.empty()) {
    DCHECK(!robot_email.empty());
    backend_->InitializeWithRobotToken(robot_refresh_token, robot_email);
  } else {
    // Finally see if we have persisted user credentials (legacy case).
    std::string cloud_print_token =
        service_prefs_->GetString(prefs::kCloudPrintAuthToken, std::string());
    DCHECK(!cloud_print_token.empty());
    backend_->InitializeWithToken(cloud_print_token);
  }
  if (client_) {
    client_->OnCloudPrintProxyEnabled(true);
  }
}

void CloudPrintProxy::EnableForUserWithRobot(
    const std::string& robot_auth_code,
    const std::string& robot_email,
    const std::string& user_email,
    const base::DictionaryValue& user_settings) {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());

  ShutdownBackend();
  std::string proxy_id(
      service_prefs_->GetString(prefs::kCloudPrintProxyId, std::string()));
  service_prefs_->RemovePref(prefs::kCloudPrintRoot);
  if (!proxy_id.empty()) {
    // Keep only proxy id;
    service_prefs_->SetString(prefs::kCloudPrintProxyId, proxy_id);
  }
  service_prefs_->SetValue(prefs::kCloudPrintUserSettings,
                           user_settings.CreateDeepCopy());
  service_prefs_->WritePrefs();

  if (!CreateBackend())
    return;
  DCHECK(backend_.get());
  user_email_ = user_email;
  backend_->InitializeWithRobotAuthCode(robot_auth_code, robot_email);
  if (client_) {
    client_->OnCloudPrintProxyEnabled(true);
  }
}

bool CloudPrintProxy::CreateBackend() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  if (backend_.get())
    return false;

  ConnectorSettings settings;
  settings.InitFrom(service_prefs_);

  // By default we don't poll for jobs when we lose XMPP connection. But this
  // behavior can be overridden by a preference.
  bool enable_job_poll =
    service_prefs_->GetBoolean(prefs::kCloudPrintEnableJobPoll, false);

  gaia::OAuthClientInfo oauth_client_info;
  oauth_client_info.client_id =
    google_apis::GetOAuth2ClientID(google_apis::CLIENT_CLOUD_PRINT);
  oauth_client_info.client_secret =
    google_apis::GetOAuth2ClientSecret(google_apis::CLIENT_CLOUD_PRINT);
  oauth_client_info.redirect_uri = "oob";
  backend_.reset(new CloudPrintProxyBackend(
      this, settings, oauth_client_info, enable_job_poll));
  return true;
}

void CloudPrintProxy::UnregisterPrintersAndDisableForUser() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  if (backend_.get()) {
    // Try getting auth and printers info from the backend.
    // We'll get notified in this case.
    backend_->UnregisterPrinters();
  } else {
    // If no backend available, disable connector immediately.
    DisableForUser();
  }
}

void CloudPrintProxy::DisableForUser() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  user_email_.clear();
  enabled_ = false;
  if (client_) {
    client_->OnCloudPrintProxyDisabled(true);
  }
  ShutdownBackend();
}

void CloudPrintProxy::GetProxyInfo(CloudPrintProxyInfo* info) {
  info->enabled = enabled_;
  info->email.clear();
  if (enabled_)
    info->email = user_email();
  ConnectorSettings settings;
  settings.InitFrom(service_prefs_);
  info->proxy_id = settings.proxy_id();
}

void CloudPrintProxy::GetPrinters(std::vector<std::string>* printers) {
  ConnectorSettings settings;
  settings.InitFrom(service_prefs_);
  scoped_refptr<PrintSystem> print_system =
      PrintSystem::CreateInstance(settings.print_system_settings());
  if (!print_system.get())
    return;
  PrintSystem::PrintSystemResult result = print_system->Init();
  if (!result.succeeded())
    return;
  printing::PrinterList printer_list;
  print_system->EnumeratePrinters(&printer_list);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < printer_list.size(); ++i)
    printers->push_back(printer_list[i].printer_name);
}

void CloudPrintProxy::OnAuthenticated(
    const std::string& robot_oauth_refresh_token,
    const std::string& robot_email,
    const std::string& user_email) {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  service_prefs_->SetString(prefs::kCloudPrintRobotRefreshToken,
                            robot_oauth_refresh_token);
  service_prefs_->SetString(prefs::kCloudPrintRobotEmail,
                            robot_email);
  // If authenticating from a robot, the user email will be empty.
  if (!user_email.empty()) {
    user_email_ = user_email;
  }
  service_prefs_->SetString(prefs::kCloudPrintEmail, user_email_);
  enabled_ = true;
  DCHECK(!user_email_.empty());
  service_prefs_->WritePrefs();
  // When this switch used we don't want connector continue running, we just
  // need authentication.
  if (base::CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess()->HasSwitch(
          switches::kCloudPrintSetupProxy)) {
    ShutdownBackend();
    if (client_) {
      client_->OnCloudPrintProxyDisabled(false);
    }
  }
}

void CloudPrintProxy::OnAuthenticationFailed() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  // Don't disable permanently. Could be just connection issue.
  ShutdownBackend();
  if (client_) {
    client_->OnCloudPrintProxyDisabled(false);
  }
}

void CloudPrintProxy::OnPrintSystemUnavailable() {
  // If the print system is unavailable, we want to shutdown the proxy and
  // disable it non-persistently.
  ShutdownBackend();
  if (client_) {
    client_->OnCloudPrintProxyDisabled(false);
  }
}

void CloudPrintProxy::OnUnregisterPrinters(
    const std::string& auth_token,
    const std::list<std::string>& printer_ids) {
  UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS_10000("CloudPrint.UnregisterPrinters",
                             printer_ids.size());
  ShutdownBackend();
  ConnectorSettings settings;
  settings.InitFrom(service_prefs_);
  wipeout_.reset(new CloudPrintWipeout(this, settings.server_url()));
  wipeout_->UnregisterPrinters(auth_token, printer_ids);
}

void CloudPrintProxy::OnXmppPingUpdated(int ping_timeout) {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  service_prefs_->SetInt(prefs::kCloudPrintXmppPingTimeout, ping_timeout);
  service_prefs_->WritePrefs();
}

void CloudPrintProxy::OnUnregisterPrintersComplete() {
  wipeout_.reset();
  // Finish disabling cloud print for this user.
  DisableForUser();
}

void CloudPrintProxy::ShutdownBackend() {
  DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
  if (backend_.get())
    backend_->Shutdown();
  backend_.reset();
}

}  // namespace cloud_print

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Implementing View.OnClickListener for the activity - method is not overriden Here is my activity code:
public class TextsListActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    @Override
    public void OnClick(View button) {

    }
}

Android Studio warns that Method does not override method from its superclass and also another warning that TextsListActivity should implement onClick. What have I done wrong?

A: The declaration of the method has a lowercase letter "o", you're really not overriding the one you think you are. Keep in mind that the view may or may not be a Button, any View can potentially receive a click event.
 public void onClick(View v) {} //as opposed to OnClick

Tip: The next time, if you press alt⏎ while having the cursor on an error you will be prompted with some possible solutions to the situation. In this case, it would've suggested to implement onClick(View v)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Stockport Lib Dem Deputy Leader to focus on parliamentary campaign
Liberal Democrat Councillor Lisa Smart has been reselected to fight the marginal constituency of Hazel Grove at the next General Election.
Cllr Smart said, "I am delighted to have been reselected by the local Lib Dems to fight the next General Election as their candidate for parliament. Hazel Grove is being let down and taken from granted by the current Conservative MP and Boris Jonhson's Government."
It will take a swing of only 5% for the Liberal Democrats to take the Hazel Grove constituency from the Conservatives, which makes it one of their top targets in the country. With Labour finishing a distant third in Hazel Grove, it will be a two horse race between the Liberal Democrats and Conservatives at the next election.
Last month the Liberal Democrats overturned a 23,000 Conservative majority to win the North Shropshire by-election and earlier in the year also won the Conservative constituency of Chesham and Amersham.
Speaking after the Lib Dem council group meeting last night, Lisa said, "Our area is being taken for granted by Boris Johnson's Government and it deserves better. We need an MP who is going to stand up for our area in Parliament and fight against the sleaze and corruption of Boris Johnson's Conservatives.
"I've loved working with Mark Hunter as his deputy over the last five years, but with a General Election just round the corner I felt it was the perfect time to step back from my Deputy role so I can concentrate on getting Hazel Grove the MP it deserves. I look forward to supporting Mark and Wendy from the back benches and fighting for local residents."
Lisa Smart has stepped down as the Deputy Leader of the Lib Dems at Stockport Town Hall. She will continue as councillor for Bredbury Green and Romiley and a member of the shadow cabinet.
Councillor Wendy Meikle, newly elected Deputy Leader and councillor for Offerton, added: "Lisa has made absolutely the right decision for the people of Hazel Grove. They are being taken for granted by the current Conservative MP and I will be helping Lisa to become our next MP. She works tirelessly on behalf of our local community and is truly the MP we deserve. On a personal level, I am delighted that my colleagues have elected me to serve them, supporting Mark Hunter in leading the Group. "
Lib Dem Group Leader, Councillor Mark Hunter, added: "I would like to put on record my thanks to Lisa for all her hard work as Deputy Leader. I understand her decision to focus her efforts on becoming the next MP for Hazel Grove and she has my full support. I thank my colleagues for electing her replacement and I look forward to having the same constructive relationship with Wendy as I have had with Lisa."
Posted on January 11, 2022 January 11, 2022 Author stockportlibdemsCategories Uncategorized
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text:
Warming House Press Kit
Voice Newsletter
Dorothy Day Place Press Kit
Margaret King Named Senior Director Of Single Adult Housing Division
Emergency Shelter and Central Intake to close at St. Joseph's Home for Children
Catholic Charities Launches Search for Next President and CEO
Catholic Charities launches new Warming House holiday event Dec. 10-11 at Mall of America
Free outdoor holiday event will feature winter crafts, holiday displays, petting zoo and
pop-up volunteer opportunities to support families in need.
ST. PAUL, Minn. (Dec. 6, 2021) — Catholic Charities of St. Paul and Minneapolis today announced the launch of the Warming House, a new free, family-friendly holiday tradition designed for the whole community. The two-day event — including nearly 200 beautifully-lit Christmas trees, performances by local choirs, s'mores, train rides, a petting zoo and pop-up volunteer opportunities — will transform the Mall of America's North Parking Lot from 4-8 p.m. on Friday, Dec.10 and Saturday, Dec. 11.
Presented by Luther Automotive, the outdoor event (which includes a warm tent) supports Catholic Charities' efforts to provide housing, emergency shelter and direct services to more than 23,000 men, women, children and families every year. At the event, attendees can assemble "sock and rolls," an annual holiday gift for Catholic Charities clients—which includes socks, handwarmers, lip balm, lotion and Kleenex—demonstrating how easy it is to support neighbors in need. Additionally, the public is encouraged to drop off donations for the Giving Tree, a 30-year Catholic Charities tradition at the Mall of America.
"We're pleased to host our first Warming House —a new tradition that will welcome everyone to celebrate the holiday season and our shared impact on community," said Hayley Mueller, Vice President of Development at Catholic Charities. "We invite you to join us to learn more about Catholic Charities and participate in pop-up volunteer activities to provide essentials to families in need. We hope you will make the Warming House a new family tradition!"
The Warming House replaces the organization's annual St. Nicholas Dinner gala and represents a meaningful shift towards more free and accessible opportunities for the entire community to connect with Catholic Charities' mission while giving to those in need.
"Every day, our teams work tirelessly to support our most vulnerable neighbors across the Twin Cities, building a community where everyone has the chance to thrive," said Michael Goar, President and CEO of Catholic Charities. "We could not do this work without the generosity of our community. We look forward to seeing you at the Warming House."
An optional "All-Access Package" can be purchased for $50. It includes two two-piece s'more kits from North Mallow, two free admissions to the Crayola Experience at the Mall of America, a commemorative Warming House ornament and reserved parking access.
PRE-EVENT MEDIA PHOTO OPPORTUNITY
Event: Inaugural tree lighting
Dates: Dec. 9, 2021
Duration: 4:45 p.m.
Venue & Location: Mall of America North Parking Lot (surface lot at the corner of 24th Ave. and Lindau Ln.) Bloomington, Minn. 55425
Event: Warming House
Dates: Dec. 10-11, 2021
Duration: 4:00 – 8:00 p.m.
Prices: General admission: Free
All-access package: $50
NOTE: Your health and safety are a priority. Catholic Charities is closely monitoring the spread of COVID-19, and we are requiring that guests wear face coverings inside the Warming House tent. Thank you for your understanding.
ABOUT CATHOLIC CHARITIES OF ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS
Catholic Charities of St. Paul and Minneapolis serves those most in need. After more than 150 years of service, Catholic Charities is a critical part of the social and civic infrastructure upon which the community relies to solve poverty, create opportunity and advocate for justice. Its programs for children, families and adults annually assist nearly 23,000 people, regardless of faith, background or circumstance. Through its advocacy efforts, Catholic Charities serves as a tireless voice for those who often go unheard. Our work would not be possible without our dedicated volunteers, advocates and donors.
Warming House Architectural Rendering
Click to download full size image.
Official Logos


text:
KEYING ON THE LINEBACKERS
JORGE MILIAN Staff WriterSUN-SENTINEL
The University of Miami linebackers will be under the microscope this season.
Last Saturday against Boston College, the trio of Rohan Marley, Corwin Francis and Robert Bass passed its first inspection.
"For their first time out of the box, I think they did very well," said linebackers coach Randy Shannon. "We only missed five tackles, and we had about 35 tackles as a group, so I'm pleased. But we have to get better."
Miami's new corps of linebackers has the unenviable task of replacing Micheal Barrow, Darrin Smith and Jessie Armstead, who were generally considered to be the best group of linebackers in the country last year.
No one is expecting Marley, Francis and Bass to make anyone forget the Class of '92. But if they continue to play as they did in Alumni Stadium on Saturday, this year's group may make a name for itself.
Francis, the junior strongside linebacker, led the Hurricanes Saturday with 10 tackles. He was named the team's defensive player of the game. Bass, the 6-foot-2, 230-pounder from Brooklyn, was second with eight tackles. The undersized Marley (5-8, 205) only had three tackles but landed a couple of his trademark big hits.
"We played well, but we have a long ways to go," Bass said. "I'd give us a grade of C+."
The unit definitely is short on experience. All played last season in backup roles, but none of the three had started a college football game before Saturday.
Experience is even thinner among the Hurricanes' backup linebackers. Twan Russell and Antonio Coley are freshman redshirts, while James Burgess and Ray Lewis are true freshmen. Bass said the linebackers welcome the scrutiny.
"I don't think the talent dropoff from last year is that much," Bass said. "We don't care if people think we're not as good. We know we'll get the job done."
Darrin Smith


This shy little bunny needs a friend. Will you be it?
Made from a cozy chenille body and fun print ears, this plush little rabbit will bury into your child's heart. Stands about 8″ high and is perfect to tuck under your little one's arm as they go about their play. Complete with a rattle in the body. Spot washing recommended. Handmade with love!


Find Dream meaning of Khawab Main Hud Hud Dekhna and other dreams in Urdu. Dream Interpretation & Meaning in Urdu. Read answers by islamic scholars and Muslim mufti. Answers taken by Hadees Sharif as well. Read Khawab Main Hud Hud Dekhna meaning according to Khwab Nama and Islamic Dreams Dictionary.
Hud Hud Woodpecker is a famous bird whose head is crowned. Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "In the dream, he is a wise and old man who informs people about hidden things." If he sees that he has taken or has given it to anyone. It is argued that the person who has been mentioned will be his companion, and will get wisdom from him. And if he sees that he has hit the throne, he argues that the old and the old man will be victorious and will defeat him, and if he sees that his flesh is eaten. It is argued that in the same way the goods from the people will be achieved with their actions. Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah be pleased with him) said: It is four reasons to see the hazard in the dream :( 1) Good news will hear (2) elderly (3) victory over the enemy (4) Declaration of decree rightly will do everything by virtue.


Activated Charcoal is said to draw impurities, dirt and oil from the skin. Great for acne-prone skin. We put loads of charcoal in this soap for maximum cleansing effectiveness.
Ingredients: Organic Palm Oil, Distilled Water, Organic Sunflower Oil, Organic Coconut Oil, Sodium Hydroxide, Organic Olive Oil, Essential Oil, Activated Charcoal.
Color, shade, swirl pattern will vary with each handmade batch.
Hand-cut packaged wt. approx. 5 oz.


When I first became a stay-at-home mom, we decided to purchase a 3-month membership to e-meals, and it was the best purchase I made. I love that I was able to provide my family a variety of meals that were healthy for them, while staying in our limited budget. PLUS by letting eMeals make my budget friendly grocery list, I was able to have more time to spend with the ones I love.
This is an affiliate post through US Family Guide, please read my full disclosure policy HERE. Thanks.
Hello! Love your Christmas Tree. I am now following you via GFC from "Jay's" Weekend blog hope. Hope you'll come by my new blog and follow me too. Happy New Year!!


I have lived most of my life in the small town of Silverlake, Washington. It's barely a spec on the map. The post office doesn't even exist anymore although the zip code does. If you blink when your driving up the highway to visit Mount Saint Helens you will miss it. But it's there. Beautiful year round in spite of the cold and rainy months that occur about nine months of the year. God blessed me with my mate, Mike, 20 plus years ago. We have three grown children. The old saying is true: Time does fly when you're having fun. I received a BS from Washington State University in Social Sciences and then went to the University of the Rockies for a Masters in Psychology. I love helping other people! Children and travel are my passion. Children are the future of our world. Someday today's children will be the leaders of all nations. My hope is to impact the lives of all parents and children by living my life the way God intended me to live.


(kärl yäs`pərs), 1883–1969, German philosopher and psychopathologist, b. Oldenburg. After receiving his medical degree (1909) he became (1914) lecturer in psychology and in 1922 professor of philosophy at the Univ. of Heidelberg. One of the leading figures in contemporary philosophy, he is generally placed within the orbit of existentialism. Jaspers, however, rejected this classification, as it tends to place him within a school. Nevertheless his basic philosophic concern was with the concrete individual, and he believed that genuine philosophy must spring from one's individual existence and address itself to other individuals to help them gain a true understanding of their existence. The basic concept of his philosophy is the "encompassing," an essentially religious concept, intended to suggest the all-embracing transcendent reality within which human existence is enclosed. Although this idea is not in the realm of scientific thought, it is not an irrational concept, since Jaspers believed that the study of science is a necessary preparatory stage to grasping the "encompassing." Thus, while maintaining the value of science, Jaspers was profoundly aware of its limitations and believed that abstract sociological and psychological theories cause the individual to lose sight of his freedom and concrete situation. His works include Psychologie der Weltanschauungen (1919), Die geistige Situation der Zeit (1931; tr. Man in the Modern Age, 1933), Reason and Existenz (1935, tr. 1956), Existenzphilosophie (1938), The Question of German Guilt (tr. 1947), and Philosophie und Welt (1958).
See C. F. Wallraff, Karl Jaspers: An Introduction to His Philosophy (1970); O. O. Schrag, Existence, Existenz, and Transcendence: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Karl Jaspers (1971); L. H. Ehrlich, Karl Jaspers: Philosophy as Faith (1975); E. Young-Bruehl, Freedom and Karl Jaspers' Philosophy (1981); L. Kohler and H. Saner, ed., Hannah Arendt—Karl Jaspers: Correspondence, 1926–1969 (tr. by Robert and Rita Kimber, 1992).
Born Feb. 23, 1883, in Oldenburg; died Feb. 26, 1969, in Basel. German existentialist philosopher and psychiatrist.
From 1902 to 1908, Jaspers studied medicine at the universities of Berlin, Göttingen, and Heidelberg. In 1908 he began working as an assistant at a psychiatric clinic in Heidelberg; he then taught at the University of Heidelberg, where he was professor of psychology from 1916 and professor of philosophy from 1921. In 1937 he was dismissed and was barred from teaching; he returned to it in 1945 and was at the University of Basel from 1948.
Jaspers' medical works were chiefly devoted to questions of general psychopathology, such as the difference between the psychopathological process (mental illness) and pathological personality development, as well as the concept of dementia (1910), the analysis of perceptual illusions (1911), and the phenomenological school of psychiatric research (1912). In his General Psychopathology (1913), Jaspers proposed a revision and refinement of psychiatric concepts on the basis of analysis of mental patients' experiences; he contrasted psychiatry, an applied discipline, to psychopathology—a scientific one. After 1915 he withdrew from research in psychiatry; his subsequent works were concerned with the analysis of the psychopathological aspects of development of the creative personality—specifically, A. Strindberg and V. van Gogh (1922) and F. Nietzsche (1936).
After the defeat of fascism, Jaspers gained great popularity with the liberal intelligentsia of the Federal Republic of Germany; he spoke out for political morality in various works aimed at the general reader, the first one being The Question of German Guilt (1946), which caused a sensation. In the 1950's, Jaspers' conservative liberalism tended toward anticommunism, whereas in the late 1960's he was sharply critical of the antidemocratic and revanchist tendencies in Bonn's politics (for example, in "Where Is the Federal Republic Heading?").
Jaspers holds a dual place in the history of thought. He originally aspired to a "burgher" humanism. For Jaspers, Kant symbolized intellectual integrity; Goethe—cultural breadth. Also linked to these ideas, which clearly set him apart from M. Heidegger, were Jaspers' admiration for the civic and intellectual love of freedom in ancient Greece, his sympathy toward B. Spinoza, and his attacks on clericalism. But Jaspers' most important intellectual experience at the start of his philosophical journey was his sense of the crisis facing traditional "burgher" culture. In spite of his antipathy toward Kierkegaard's "gloomy fanaticism" and Nietzsche's "extremism and fury," Jaspers was influenced by their ideas. He defined his intellectual labor not as "philosophy" but as "philosophizing," stressing the incomplete and open character of the mental process, wherein questions predominate over answers. In Jaspers' opinion the time we live in has lost the spiritual capacity that allowed Plato, Spinoza, or Hegel to derive a harmonious system "from the source"; our age must content itself with fragmentary insights. On the other hand, it is only through "philosophizing," according to Jaspers, that one can comprehend human reality in the age of crisis.
Jaspers' conception of being is threefold: (1) objective being, or "being-in-the-world"; (2) Existenz, or man's nonobjectifiable "being-as-such"; and (3) transcendence, or "the encompassing"—the unattainable limit of all being and thought. Thought with regard to "being-in-the-world" is "orientation-in-the-world"; thought with regard to Existenz is the "illumination of existence"; and thought with regard to transcendence is "metaphysics," which expresses its inexpressible object through "ciphers." Jaspers avoids the concept of the symbol, associating it with the traditional religious practice—which he rejected—of objectifying transcendence. In spite of his conflict with theology, to which he opposes the ideal of "philosophic faith," Jaspers' ontology is obviously close to traditional theism.
According to Jaspers, the interrelatedness of one's Existenz and another Existenz is realized in the act of "communication"— that is, a profoundly intimate and personal communication in "truth." "Communication," which is the central concept in his world view, is raised by Jaspers to the rank of criterion of philosophic truth and is identified with reason. For Jaspers, moral, social, and intellectual evil is primarily deafness to another's Existenz and incapacity for "discussion," which takes the form of fanaticism as well as of superficial and impersonal mass communication. This thesis is equivalent to the very specific political position of individualistic liberalism.
The meaning of philosophy, Jaspers maintained, lies in the creation of universal means of "communication" between countries and centuries, overriding all cultural boundaries. Such linking of different ages is possible because of the achievements of the "axis age" (eighth to third centuries B.C.), which was the age of both the early Greek philosophers and the founders of Asia's most important religious and philosophical traditions. The "axis age," according to Jaspers, laid down for all times the universal precept of personal responsibility that was the common source of Eastern and Western culture; it is therefore necessary to renew one's connection with this precept and seek new "ciphers" for the old, lost, and newly recovered truth.
Jaspers' entire philosophy expresses the crisis of traditional liberal-individualistic humanism at the same time that it seeks to comprehend the crisis and realizes the impossibility of escaping from it.
Die geistige Situation der Zeit, 3rd ed. Berlin-Leipzig, 1932.
Philosophic vols. 1–3. Berlin, 1932.
Vernunft und Existenz. Groningen, 1935.
Vom Ursprung und Ziel der Geschichte, 3rd ed. Munich, 1952.
Rechenschaft und Ausblick. Munich, 1951.
Die grossen Philosophen, vols. 1–2. Munich, 1957.
Die Atombombe und die Zukunft des Menschen. Munich, 1962.
Der philosophische Glaube angesichts der Offenbarung. Munich, 1962.
Gesammelte Schriften zur Psychopathologie. Berlin, 1963.
Chiffren der Transzendenz. Munich, 1970.
Gaidenko, P. "Filosofiia kul'tury K. laspersa." Voprosy literaturv, 1972, no. 9.
Karl Jaspers. Edited by P. A. Schilpp. Stuttgart, 1957.
Karl Jaspers: Werk und Wirkung. Edited by K. Piper. Munich, 1963.
Karl Jaspers in Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten. Reinbek bei Hamburg, 1970.


2/2 collab with @besties words 💙💙💙 My other acc: @latteletters 💙 Wallpaper in story+Google drive! Link in bio to order calligraphy pencil bags/keychains/pop sockets/notebooks!
Just made a fresh new playlist on Spotify submit your songs to be entered into the playlist! Share this post to get the word out!! This is gonna be a Chattanooga exclusive playlist . • • • • • Submit your songs now !!!
Don't feed the monkeys they said... I couldn't resist though. Later after this picture that monkey stole a guys coffee in a bag. 🤣 Good times in Cambodia.


When I hear my colleague below the fold cry about the tyranny of President Obama and read the incessant complaints of local Tea Party compatriots about administration policies and leadership, I'm not sure if I should laugh or cry.
At first blush I just laugh it off as the partisan tripe of a bunch of sore losers dead set upon vilifying the majority of Americans that voted for Barack, but as I ponder their motives more deeply I am struck with a sense of chagrin and lost opportunity to help rather than hinder the functioning of our democracy.
Like others although I have served in our military to fight for their right to their own opinions, I am at times brought to tears by the degree of disrespect for the office and the many Americans who support our President even when they may personally disagree with his decisions.
I wish our local Tea Party Patriots had been around when the actual Boston Tea Party took place on December 16, 1773 when Samuel Adams and a small group of Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawk Indians boarded the British ships and jettisoned the tea to protest tariffs being imposed by England.
It took nearly three hours for more than 100 colonists to empty the tea into Boston Harbor.
The chests held more than 90,000 lbs. (45 tons) of tea, which would cost nearly $1,000,000 dollars today. Perhaps they might more fully appreciated what real tyranny is, not just because of the Tea Tax, but because we had none of the rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights that we have today, and their complaints about oppressive governance would have more merit.
I mean come on, to hear them whine about difficulties obtaining tax exemptions as social service agencies so they can hide and wash contributions that are clearly for political aims hardly compares to having troops stationed in their homes or their persons and effects searched without warrants and probable cause for concern, both now prohibited by the third and fourth amendments to the United States constitution respectively.
While I can appreciate their ire at misdeeds by some overzealous and overworked tax examiners doing the jobs they are paid to do this hardly constitutes tyranny, or is evidence of a White House inspired conspiracy to deny their constitutional rights.
The so called liberal leaning press did a pretty good job of elevating this to a topic of national concern, and heads have rolled as an investigative witch hunt by Republican congressmen gains steam, and Americans must now listen to them wax profusely with righteous indignation with their Tea Party supporters ad nauseum.
To refresh your memory here is the text of the third amendment: "No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law." Not much controversy here as soldiers have their own homes or barracks, and in times of emergency can always camp out in their tents.
The fourth amendment is much more contentious and relevant to American lifestyles to wit: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
By 1992, it was no longer the case warrants based upon probable cause where required for all searches. Exceptions have multiplied, tending to confine application of the requirement to cases that are exclusively "criminal" in nature. The most important category of exception is that of administrative searches justified by "special needs beyond the normal need for law enforcement." Under this general rubric the Court has upheld warrantless searches by administrative authorities in public schools, government offices, and prisons, and has upheld drug testing of public and transportation employees.
All the government need do today is have reason to believe someone is engaged in terrorism to search and detain persons indefinitely, as evidenced at Guantanamo Bay where the government's interest has been found to outweigh the individual's.
Fortunately we don't see cases where Tea Partier's are being searched and detained indiscriminately, otherwise their might be merit to the Tea Party tyranny tirades.
Richard Mazzucchi is a retired research engineer specializing in energy efficiency and renewable energy. He now makes his home in Los Molinos and can be reached at living-green@att.net.


text:
Locomotive Manufacturers' Association
The collection contains personal and business papers, photographs, technical documents, publications, film and maps accumulated by the engineer Kenneth Cantlie. He designed locomotives, coaches, railway lines and bridges in various countries, predominantly China, India and Argentina between the 1920s and 1950s. He was instrumental in redeveloping Chinese railways in the 1930s and is credited as the designer of KF class 4-8-4 Chinese locomotives.
The collection also contains material relating to the later stages of his career when Cantlie was acting as a representative for British industries and other companies, such as the Locomotive Manufacturers Association (LMA) and Giesl and travelling extensively in China, Africa, South America, Middle East and Europe.
Kenneth Cantlie was in correspondence with various notable Chinese and British politicians of the 1950s and 1960s and provided information regarding his trips in the form of reports and photographs to governmental bodies and trade associations. Most notable personalities include president Sun Yat-Sen's son Sun Fo and third wife Soong Ching-ling. The collection also includes official documents relating to political relations between Britain and China, most notably correspondence and notes on messages relayed between Premier Zhou Enlai and Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in the 1950s.
Cantlie was an avid writer authoring numerous articles, opinion pieces, speeches and publications which is evident from the material presented in the collection. The collection is also visually rich with photography and film spanning from the 1920s to 1980s by Cantlie and other creators.
Access is given in accordance with the NRM access policy. Material from this collection is available to researchers through Search Engine. Boxes or folders will be served one at a time to retain original order.
System of Arrangement:
Originally, the majority of the material was housed in a four-drawer filing cabinet in the home of Hugh Cantlie, son of Kenneth Cantlie. In addition to this, the acquisition included five box files of photographs and other promotional material relating to the Giesl-ejector, two rolled maps and books. Before the collection came to the National Railway Museum (NRM) in October 2008, the material was weeded and sorted by Hugh Cantlie. Material was rehoused in archival boxes and listed by NRM volunteers maintaining, where possible, the order the material came in and retaining the original folders and envelopes. The uncatalogued collection has been consulted by researchers between 2009 and 2018 possibly distorting the original order of documents. The current arrangement retains the original order of documents to files as this is how the material was accumulated and used by Kenneth Cantlie and mainly follows the sequence established in the box list from 2008.
Copies may be supplied of items in the collection, provided that the copying process used does not damage the item or is not detrimental to its preservation. Copies will be supplied in accordance with the NRM's terms and conditions for the supply and reproduction of copies, and the provisions of any relevant copyright legislation.


text:
Eden Hazard Piques Blues Fans' Hopes by Revealing That He's Waiting on New Chelsea Deal
Chelsea winger Eden Hazard has given Blues fans a reason to smile during what looks to be a dreadful end to their transfer window.
Now on international duty with Belgium, despite not featuring for Chelsea's senior side as yet this season due to him recovering from a broken ankle, Hazard could play in the Red Devils' World Cup qualifier against Gibraltar on Thursday.
Asked about his contract situation during a press conference ahead of the match, the 26-year-old indicated that there was nothing on the table at the moment, but also claimed to be waiting on an offer.
"At the moment there's nothing," he said with a smile. "I'm waiting."
Antonio Conte will be sweating on his player's safety during the international break, but will be hoping to have him ready for action when Premier League football resumes next month.
GLYN KIRK/GettyImages
The Italian is also hoping that the Blues will be able to secure more signings before the close of the window, as his squad could be left pretty thin if no one else comes in.
Hazard, meanwhile, still has three years left to run on his current deal, having signed a five-year contract with Chelsea in 2015.
Former Blues Fan Favourite Rubbishes Claim That Chelsea Should Let Eden Hazard Leave
Eden Hazard Reveals He Calls Chelsea Teammate 'the Master' for Incredible Skill & Natural Talent
Eden Hazard Reveals He Told Chelsea 'Weeks Ago' of Desire to Move to Real Madrid
Eden Hazard Speaks of 'Admiration' for Real Madrid as He Discusses Chelsea Future
Nicolas Pepe Targeted by Chelsea as Blues Continue Search for Eden Hazard Replacement
Chelsea Star Eden Hazard Reveals Blues' Ambitions for the 2018/19 Premier League Season
Eden Hazard: An Emotional Farewell to a Chelsea Legend
Cesc Fabregas Admits Eden Hazard 'Likes' Real Madrid But Hopes He Stays at Chelsea


text:
The Secrets She Keeps
"A book you won't be able to put down, although you may occasionally want to hide your eyes" (Stephen King) from internationally bestselling author Michael Robotham, a psychological thriller about an unlikely friendship between two pregnant women that asks: how far would you go to create the perfect family?
Agatha is pregnant and works part-time stocking shelves at a grocery store in a ritzy London suburb, counting down the days until her baby is due. As the hours of her shifts creep by in increasing discomfort, the one thing she looks forward to at work is catching a glimpse of Meghan, the effortlessly chic customer whose elegant lifestyle dazzles her. Meghan has it all: two perfect children, a handsome husband, a happy marriage, a stylish group of friends, and she writes perfectly droll confessional posts on her popular parenting blog—posts that Agatha reads with devotion each night as she waits for her absent boyfriend, the father of her baby, to maybe return her calls.
When Agatha learns that Meghan is pregnant again, and that their due dates fall within the same month, she finally musters up the courage to speak to her, thrilled that they now have the ordeal of childbearing in common. Little does Meghan know that the mundane exchange she has with a grocery store employee during a hurried afternoon shopping trip is about to change the course of her not-so-perfect life forever…
Once again, bestselling author Michael Robotham delivers a dark and twisted page-turner that "will keep you reading as fast as you can" (Kirkus Reviews, starred review). With its brilliant rendering of the secrets some women hold close and a shocking act that cannot be undone, The Secrets She Keeps is "a can't-put-down mama drama…a premium delivery" (People).
APPLE BOOKS REVIEW
Two newly pregnant women from different parts of London society form an unlikely friendship, but nothing is quite what it seems in Michael Robotham's creepy psychological thriller. Robotham skillfully dissects the lives of grocery clerk Agatha and mommy blogger Meghan, digging deep into their buried secrets and suppressed desires. Like Single White Female and The Girl on the Train, The Secrets She Keeps is a tale of lies, deceit, and jealousy that transforms into a pulse-pounding race against the clock. Robotham's plot taps into every parent's worst nightmare.
SIMON AND SCHUSTER DIGITAL SALES INC
More Books by Michael Robotham
The Other Wife
The Suspect


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Mirwaiz Welcomes Aiyar's Statement; Castigate Congress For Anti-Kashmiri Policies
Chairman Hurriyat Conference (M), Mirwaiz Umar Farooq welcomed the statements of politician turned bureaucrat Mani Shankar Aiyar where he had stated that people in Kashmir had a feeling that they are being ruled by police and army.
"Congress has been in power at the centre for most of the time but unfortunately their policies have remained anti-Kashmiri. They are hoodwinking and keeping people in India in dark about the realities in Kashmir", Mirwaiz said while talking to a local news agency, KNS.
He said Aiyar should convey his feelings to people in power in the centre. "They (centre) are more interested in safeguarding their interests than keeping human values and rights in mind while dealing with Kashmiris", he said while expressing surprise over Aiyar's statement about need for continuation of AFSPA in the state. "It only speaks about his double speak. If on one hand he has concern for Kashmiris and their feelings, how come he advocates AFSPA in the same breath", the Mirwaiz added.
Democratic Freedom Party President, Shabir Ahmad Shah said the statement of Aiyar makes it clear that Kashmir is being ruled by Police and Army. "He has also endorsed the fact that police killed youth and young children during 2008-2010 unrests which should be an eye opener for all as Aiyar himself is part of Congress that has been in power during the period in the state and the centre", he told KNS adding that if Aiyar is sincere in his statements, the Government of India should return the mortal remains of Maqbool Bhat and Afzal Guru to their family members.
While terming the Kashmiri youth as the torch bearers of freedom movement, Mirwaiz has stressed, "They (youth) should exhibit unity and provide strength and stability to the right to self determination struggle till it reaches its logical end."
Addressing a gathering organized by Majlis at Kawdara in old city, Mirwaiz has said that Islam was the supreme religion and politics formed one of its significant parts. Tracing the relationship between Majlis and freedom struggle of Jammu and Kashmir, he said, "AMA has offered innumerable sacrifices since 1931 for the cause. The cause for which the sacrifices were laid would reach to its logical conclusion."
1931 Martyrs
Hurriyat Conference (M)
Kashmir news
Kashmiri youth
Mani Shankar Aiyar
Shabir Ahmad Shah
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This is Lisa Ericssons and Hanna Klingas 49er. This is the boat they will use during os in Rio 2016. Read more about this boat on 49er.org and about Hanna Klinga/Lisa Ericsson on facebook.
A lot of Rigid Inflatable Boats where presented. Many with big engines on up to 400 hp. These machines easy makes 60 knots because their hull does not wheigh anything.
A closer look on the 250 hp evinrude. It really looks big on this small boat.
Another idea of making a light wheight and strong hull is making them from polyeten. These boats from whaly wheigs from 45 kg to maybe 90. They are euipped with engines from 2,5 hp to 60.
This whaly 370 does 20 knots with a 20 hp engine and you'll get it for less then 10000$.
These boats are used for renting by many harbours. This is a Whaly 440 with plenty of space inside and a 4 hp outengine in the back. Fully enough to take your children, friends and parents on a trip to the island.
These rowing boats where seen just near the escalator to the second floor. This is an unsinkable rowing vessel that easy gets you to 5 knots and are used to get along the coast mostly in the stockholm archipelago. They are built like our old winking vessels. A more then thousand year old tradition with very flat hull, scuppers and drains that makes it safe in bad weather.
Wim Kotze told me that these boats got lot of place for luggage and they did not wheigh more then about 40 kg. Read more about Wim on facebook.


Enniscrone Golf Club is located on the scenic West Coast of Ireland in County Sligo. Known for having some of the largest dunes in Ireland, the club is situated on a promontory that juts into Killala Bay at the mouth of the River Moy Estuary. This provides Enniscrone with one of the most beautiful settings for the uncompromised playing characteristics of Irish links golf. Since the club's founding in 1918, its fathers dreamed of expanding their nine-hole course onto Ireland's most spectacular links land. The dream was realized in 1974, and today Enniscrone Golf Club offers 27 holes of links golf. Here, we believe, you'll experience some of the best Irish links golf on the Dunes course, or a more serene round on the Eddie Hackett-and Donald Steel designed nine-hole, 3,367 yard, Scurmore Course.


text:
layout: post
title: Maximize Key Strength for Tmate
category: "How To"
tags: tmate pairing ssh keys
redirect_from:
 - /2015/01/26/maximize-key-strength-for-tmate/
---

### Introduction

TMate is a pretty cool tool for sharing shell sessions remotely. I modified the `create_keys` script to read as the following, which maximizes the key strength for the 3 key types:

{% gist mikemackintosh/1f00c7f703317d1fe5e4 %}


text:
Data-science collaboration in LA earns global smart-city award
Los Angeles Deputy CIO Jeanne Holm accepts a World Smart City Award at the Smart City Expo World Congress in Barcelona on Nov. 20, 2019. (StateScoop)
Written by Jake Williams
Nov 22, 2019 | STATESCOOP
A program that encourages collaboration between the City of Los Angeles and its educational institutions has been recognized as one of the world's top smart-city projects. The Data Science Federation, a partnership between the 2nd-largest U.S. city and 18 of its colleges and universities, was awarded the Governance & Finance Award by the Smart City Expo World Congress conference in Barcelona, Spain this week.
The federation, launched in 2017, promotes data-driven decision making in city government and provides educational opportunities for students from underprivileged neighborhoods. Jeanne Holm, the city's deputy chief information officer, accepted the award on behalf of the city on Wednesday.
"It's homework for their hometown," Holm said of the federation. "Just a huge thank you to every city department out there who tries new things, creates new data and for every teacher in the classroom helping kids understand data science."
Los Angeles won out over a municipal big data project in Huzhou, China, and a conversational artificial intelligence partnership between 70 cities in Norway.
Los Angeles was the only U.S. city to win in the World Smart City Awards, which presented eight awards to cities and companies this year. Hexagon Geospatial, a digital mapping company headquartered in Madison, Alabama, won the Urban Environment Award for its work with the Italian public utility Hera, using data from satellites and operations to trigger predictive maintenance for sewer systems.
The World Smart City Awards 2019 winners:
City of the Year — Stockholm, Sweden
Innovative Idea Award — FCC Environment (UK) Limited
Digital Transformation Award — Yingtan, China
Urban Environment Award — Hexagon Geospatial
Mobility Award — La Paz, Bolivia
Governance & Finance Award — Los Angeles Data Science Federation
Inclusive & Sharing Cities Award — Buenos Aires, Argentina
Other American projects have been recognized in years past. Atlanta's Smart Corridor project won the Mobility Award in 2018. Marketplace.city, an American website that allows cities to browse and rate vendors, won the Innovative Idea Award in 2017. New York City won the City Award in 2016 for building "a smart and equitable city."
Editor's Note: The travel expenses for StateScoop to provide news coverage of the Smart City Expo World Congress in Barcelona, Spain, were paid for by Mastercard.
Jeanne Holm, Los Angeles, Smart City Expo World Congress, Smart City Expo World Congress 2019, World Smart City Awards


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Is pesticide residue harmful in milk powder?
Posed on November 6, 2019, edited by Samantha, category Milk Powder
spraying pesticides
What is pesticide:
Pesticides can be used to kill insects, fungi and other organisms harmful to crop growth. The earliest pesticides used are DDT, BHC and so on, which can wipe out numerous pests. But their stability is good, they can exist in the environment for a long time and accumulate continuously in animals, plants and the human body. Pesticide control services should be paid more attention. Later, organophosphorus pesticides, such as dichlorvos, were used instead of the original pesticides. Because they are too toxic, they do great harm to people and animals.
In recent years, a batch of high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides have emerged with specificity, namely hormone pesticides. Pesticides have both advantages and disadvantages, which are good for plants. However, when pesticides are widely used in the feed of dairy cows, they will have a great impact on the milk of dairy cows. Because there are many kinds of feed for dairy cows, such as corn, legume residue, pasture and so on, many kinds of pesticides are used. The industrial chain of milk and its dairy products is long. Milk will be polluted in the process of production, transportation, and processing. Any kind of pollution may affect the safety of milk, Can milk still drink?
The pesticide residues in milk mainly come from :
1. In the feeding process of dairy cows mentioned above, the dairy cows have eaten pesticide-contaminated water sources or used feed containing pesticide residues, and those pesticides and milk nutrients will remain in the body of dairy cows, so the milk source may also be contaminated.
2. In order to inhibit the fungi, bacteria, flies, mosquitoes and other insects in dairy cows, the insecticides may be mixed into the milk when it is using.
3. In the production process of dairy products, pesticides used in feed cultivation are transferred and transformed into cow milk, processed into dairy products, and finally into milk and dairy products, then sell into milk markets.
What harm will pesticide residues in milk powder do to infants:
People eat milk or milk powder containing pesticide residues, although the amount of pesticide in milk powder or milk is very small, if ingested for a long time, it will accumulate in the body, once it exceeds a certain concentration, it will cause harm to human health and safety.
For example, pyrethroid pesticides can cause neuronopathy, organochlorine pesticides can cause the pathological changes of the nerve cell, damage neurons, leading to the death of nerve center, which is one of the causes of liver diseases; long-term consumption of pesticide-contaminated food is leading to cancer, arteriosclerosis, disease of the heart, fetal malformation, stillbirth, early death, and other diseases. The important cause of the disease.
Just three-million grams of pesticide residues of milk powder for babies can cause brain development disorders in children before the age of seven. The main organ of organochlorine pesticides is the nervous system with the brain as the core, which results in abnormal brain and intelligence development and manifests such diseases as retardation of reaction, mental retardation, and dull expression.
Organophosphorus pesticides prevent the transmission of nerve signals, leading to nervous system dysfunction. Toxic children show hyperactivity and difficulty in concentrating. Their IQ is generally 70-90. Their speech IQ and figure recognition are impaired and their left and right discrimination are difficult. It was found that when organochlorine pesticides were added to human cells at a concentration of three parts per millionth of body weight per kilogram, the synthesis of proteins promoting brain development almost stopped, and the brain could not develop.
Japan found that children affected by PCBs had seven fewer IQ scores than normal children; scientists at Michigan State University in the United States found that children polluted by PCBs had an average IQ of 6 points lower than normal children 11 years later.
Research by Professors Yugang and Huang Jun of Tsinghua University shows that children polluted by organochlorine pesticides in China have three manifestations: lightweight, small head and low intelligence. Their cognitive ability is worse at 7 months, their reading, writing and memory are worse at 4 years old, their IQ is lower at 11 years old, and their reading, writing, arithmetic and comprehension abilities are all comparable Poor.
Pesticide residues will endanger the growth and development of children before the age of 16. Environmental hormones (also known as exogenous endocrine-disrupting chemicals) are recognized as the main murderers of abnormal growth and development of human beings and organisms worldwide. Of the 70 environmental hormones identified by international organizations, 40 are pesticides, accounting for about 60% of the total environmental hormones.
The serious harm of pesticide residues on children's growth and development is manifested in three aspects:
First, it leads to abnormal growth of height and body shape. Generally speaking, boys begin to grow faster from about 12 weeks. 14-15 years old is the fastest growing stage of height. After 16 years old, it slows down. After 18-20 years old, it ceases to grow. Girls'growth jumps two years earlier than boys. So before the age of 16 is the best period for children to grow and develop. Human growth and development are mainly regulated by growth hormone and growth factors. Residual pesticides can cause pituitary hypoplasia and abnormal secretion of growth hormone. When hormone secretion is too low, height will grow slowly, the body will become thin and small. When hormone secretion is too much, gigantism will occur.
Taiwan found that children affected by organochlorine pesticides weighed 500 grams less at birth and were 3.1cm shorter than those not polluted. A child should grow by an average of 5 centimeters a year between the ages of 3 and 9. If it is below this speed, it is a sign of dwarfing. Another danger of abnormal growth is abnormal obesity in children, which is the result of excessive secretion of growth hormone caused by residual pesticides.
The second is to cause premature puberty in children. The menarche of girls in China has been advanced from the average age of 14 20 years ago to about 10 now. Four-year-old girls have almost complete breast maturity, and five-year-old children have menstruation. This phenomenon is seen every day in children's hospitals across the country. Precocious puberty results in early growth, but more than half of them end up less than 150 centimeters tall.
Third, it causes serious diseases. Scientists have shown that preschool children may be carcinogenic when exposed to more than eight pesticides. Long-term exposure to organophosphorus pesticides damages children's visual function, showing symptoms of myopia, edema and so on. Medical research has confirmed that almost all pesticides can cause damage to children's immune systems and low resistance to disease.
How to detect pesticide residues in milk?
Common methods include chemical rapid detection, immunoassay, enzyme inhibition and in vivo detection. Now there is a new pesticide residue test paper that can quickly detect pesticide residues.
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What Could You Accomplish in 2019?
What is your top priority goal for 2018-2019? You'll hold each other accountable to your goals, and brainstorm ideas and strategies for success. Each group personally moderated by Cate Cammarata. Size limited to six people.
Walk away from every meeting inspired with strategies and action items from the Master Mind to move your work forward. Track your progress each month as you crush your goals time after time.
Not in NYC? No problem! All of our groups are online. Connect with industry professionals in NYC and regionally as you network with the best in the business, whether you're a writer, producer, director, or other theater artist.
Using the Zoom teleconferencing platform, we'll gather together in a virtual room where we can see each other "Brady Bunch" style and share our monthly goals and achievements for approximately two hours each month.
Strategize with the best to achieve your goals.
According to the power of the MasterMind principle, two or more people actively engaged in the pursuit of a definite purpose with a positive mental attitude constitute an unbeatable force. Experience this with others who are determined to achieve their goals.
An online MasterMind group is a networking community providing support, referrals, and friendships that last long after this year ends. Prepare to be inspired and uplifted. Prepare to meet a more successsful YOU through the power of the MasterMind.
Cate's Mastermind has been a powerful force in keeping me on track with my numerous projects and just generally encouraging me to believe in what I've chosen to do - produce, write, and support theater as a professional.
Her meetings offer insight and advice from colleagues who are pursuing the same goals from different angles. Cate is organized, a smart and caring listener, and is able to sum up my sometimes rambling thoughts in a way that helps me stay accountable to my goals.
I'm so glad I joined forces with her!
Cate Cammarata's Mastermind groups are the perfect blend of support, accountability, sage advice and authentic cheerleading. She leads quietly but with great certainty. I find myself reaching goals and going beyond.
This group has been invaluable to my progress as a writer and as a creative.
Cate leads her Mastermind group with attentiveness and skill. Her observations are insightful and she asks the right questions, bringing everyone together to share constructive feedback. Each person gains clarity as well as new ideas, goals and ways to tackle problems.
The evening always ends on an up-note, everyone energized, confident, ready and prepared to take on the world!
What Does the MasterMind Group Include?
Our MasterMind structure includes a total of 12 Group Meetings, which give you time to plan and initiate a year of productivity and accomplish your priority goals on time.
Get set for a great year!
I will review your script once during the year with a full consultation afterward, with action steps to move it forward. Absolutely free.
Ready to Crush Your Goals in 2019?


text:
Q: How to filter entries from a list of dataframes based on multiple criteria in R I would like to filter 'similar' entries from a list in R. The input list follows:
d1=data.frame(y1 = c('Mike'),
              y2 = c('Tsoutsa'),
              y3 = c('Apple'),
              time = 50)

d2=data.frame(y1 = c('Mike'),
              y2 = c('Tsoutsa'),
              y3 = c('Orange'),
              time = 160)

d3=data.frame(y1 = c('Mike'),
              y2 = c('Tsoutsa'),
              y3 = c('Lemon'),
              time = 100)

d4=data.frame(y1 = c('Anna'),
              y2 = c('Pournova'),
              y3 = c('Nikolief'),
              time = 30)

d5=data.frame(y1 = c('Anna'),
              y2 = c('Pournova'),
              y3 = c('Leeds'),
              y4 = c('York'),
              time = 80 )

d6=data.frame(y1 = c('Loulis'),
              y2 = c('City'),
              time = 200 )

d7=data.frame(y1 = c('Ann'),
              y2 = c('Klitor'),
              time = 200 )

input = list(d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7)

In the output list I would like to keep only the dataframes that have unique y1 and y2 values. If there are dataframes with same y1 and y2 then keep the one with the highest time.
Hence, the output list should be:  output = list(d2, d5, d6, d7).
What is the most efficient way of doing this? Much appreciated!

A: Using dplyr, you can bind the rows (dplyr::bind_rows, with .id argument to create an identifier), and for y1 and y2 group, you can select the one with max time, then extract the set of ids. Use that to index the input list
library(dplyr)

retain = as.numeric(bind_rows(input,.id = "d") %>%
  group_by(y1,y2) %>%
  slice_max(time) %>%
  pull(d))

output <- input[sort(retain)]

An approach using data.table is as follows:
library(data.table)

input[
  rbindlist(lapply(input, setDT), idcol="d", fill=T)[, .SD[time==max(time)], .(y1,y2)]$d
]

Output:
[[1]]
    y1      y2     y3 time
1 Mike Tsoutsa Orange  160

[[2]]
    y1       y2    y3   y4 time
1 Anna Pournova Leeds York   80

[[3]]
      y1   y2 time
1 Loulis City  200

[[4]]
   y1     y2 time
1 Ann Klitor  200

Update 8/23/22
An alternative data.table approach:
rbindlist(
  lapply(input, \(i) setDT(i)[, .(y1, y2, time)]), idcol = "d"
)[order(y1,y2,-time),id:=1:.N,.(y1,y2)][id==1]

Output:
       d     y1       y2  time    id
   <int> <char>   <char> <num> <int>
1:     2   Mike  Tsoutsa   160     1
2:     5   Anna Pournova    80     1
3:     6 Loulis     City   200     1
4:     7    Ann   Klitor   200     1