text:
Within class and beyond
Beyond symbols and sentiments
Adages and bachans in Bangla
Globalization, language and Ekushey
Ekushey - towards secular democracy
Making Ekushey meaningful to the young
Intimations of Ekushey
Our pride, our sorrow, our joy
The elitist Ekushey
Rediscovering Ekushey February
Bangabandhu and Language Movement
Incipient nationalism and freedom
My first Ekushey
Bangla and Muslim era in India
Dhirendranath Datta: Glimpses of a life
A generation united and untied
The unforgettable
A privilege and a responsibility
Remembering Ekushey
It's a different February
Reflections on 21st February
When memory sweeps across history
Supplement Home
Masihur Rahman
In 21st February commenced our struggle for independence. The language movement created the historical consciousness which unfolded itself to secular democratic Bangladesh. The following is an attempt to state the historical consciousness which is personal but not idiosyncratic.
First, it was a demand for equal citizenship. In the particular historical context, equal citizenship meant equality with the people in West Pakistan. Equality of all citizens is the basis of democracy. If inequality among citizens is accepted as normal, inequality can be justified on any ground race, religion, sex or region.
Second, it recognized secularism as the basis of the state. Language is non-communal in that it is used for communication by everyone in the cultural group irrespective of their religious belief. Bangla literature and culture were pursued with a strong commitment despite official obstruction.
Third, there was a shift in the composition of the political strata: the educated Muslim middle class, who came from small town and rural background, assumed leadership and replaced the so-called nobility based on land revenue farming who had dominated the Muslim League.
Sher-e-Bangla and Maulana Bhashani represented the emergent middle class. Suhrawardy brought tremendous power of organizations and articulation to the emergent middle class politics. When they abandoned Muslim League, it lost ground in East Pakistan.
There was confusion between about political roles and social background during the transition and some middle class politicians stayed away from the emerging middle class politics. The confusion can and does continue which explains why some people do not reconcile to independent and democratic Bangladesh.
Meaning of citizenship
Conventionally, the state is viewed as a territory where some people live in obedience to the law promulgated and enforced by the government which is the collectivity of the agents and institutions of the state. It is a bit trite and shallow. Alternatively, the state is viewed as an enterprise by a group of people to set up institutions and agents to protect their rights within a given territory. The elements are the same in both conceptions; in the alternative conception, citizens occupy the centre stage of the state. We will use the conception also to identify the failed state later.
Citizenship, according to Derek Heater, is 'enshrined in rights conveyed by the state and the duties performed by the individual citizens, who are all autonomous persons, equal in status, have a sense of responsibility in discharging their duties, and need the skills appropriate for civic participation.' Heater describes citizenship also as a socio-political identity. [A Brief History of Citizenship, Edinburgh University Press, 2004, p. 2]
There are other forms of socio-political identity also such as feudalism, monarchy, tyranny, and nation-state. The common feature in all these systems is the absence of the rights and autonomy of the individuals who live in the given territory: they are subordinate and loyalty to the feudal lord or the ruler. A sense of glory in a common heritage characterizes the nation-state but does not confer on the people rights and autonomy and set them above the ruler, which constitute democratic citizenship. In democracy, the rights of the citizens are constitutionally specified and the powers of the government the organs of the state are constitutionally constrained. [Heater, pp. 1-2]
T. H. Marshall initiated the formal study of citizenship with Alfred Marshall commemorative lecture delivered at Cambridge University in 1949. He conceived 'citizenship as full membership of a community and claim, on the basis of equality with everyone else, to its heritage of civilization. The basic human equality, the formidable array of rights along with a marked shift of emphasis from duties to rights, and the drive towards social equality represent the latest notion of citizenship.' [Marshall, Citizenship and Social Class, Part I, Pluto Press, 1992, pp. 6-8, 18. Tom Bottomore wrote Part II which is an update and critique of Marshall's seminal work of 1949)
In Marshall's conception, there are three parts or elements which constitute citizenship namely civil, political and social. The civil element comprises the rights necessary for individual freedom protection of life and liberty of the person; freedom of speech, thought and faith; ownership of property; right to justice. The right to justice is the socially created capability to have and defend the other rights. [Marshall, p. 8]
The political element is the right to participate in the exercise of the political power of the political authority or as an elector of the members of such a body. [Marshall, p. 8]
The social element includes the right to a modicum of economic welfare and security, full share of the social heritage, and the ability to live a civilized life according to the prevailing social standards. "Social services are a means for a general enrichment of the concrete substance of the civilized life, a general reduction of risk and insecurity, equalization between the more and the less fortunate." [Marshall, pp. 9, 33]
Marshall uses civilization and culture interchangeably, meaning thereby capacities to work efficiently and the intellectual attainments. The normal method of establishing social right is through exercise of political power; social right implies an absolute right to a certain standard of civilization [Marshall, pp. 16, 26]
The social services provided in a welfare state are the compendium of social rights and the staple of welfare economics and of public policy. There are disagreements, nevertheless, whether welfare services can be treated as rights in the same way as civil and political rights. In the mature industrialized democracies, certain social services have become irreversible entitlements created by law. Even then, the eligibility criteria and the magnitude remain vulnerable to structural budgetary threats induced by domestic as well as international economic conditions. [J. M. Barbalet, Citizenship, Delhi: World View, 1997, pp. 20, 70, 72 / Buckingham: Open University 1988)]
Citizenship in Bangladesh
Citizenship in Bangladesh conforms to the conceptual structure with respect to the civil and political rights, but not the social rights. The civil rights include right to life and personal liberty including restraints on government as to arrest and detention; rule of law including equality before law and protection against trial and punishment by retroactive law; freedom of thought, conscience, religion and speech; freedom of movement, assembly and association; rights to property, freedom of profession and occupation including prohibition of forced labour; non-discrimination on grounds of religion, sex, ethnicity as well as equal opportunity in public employment. [Art. 26-43]
The political rights are secured through institutional arrangements and do not appear amenable to discrete specification in the manner of civil rights. Sovereignty vests in the people by virtue of which they have all the powers of the Republic, choose the representatives for governance, and sanction the constitution. [Constitution of Bangladesh, Art. 7]
Bangladesh follows the universal suffrage: citizens at least eighteen years old can vote in parliamentary and local self-government council elections [barring unsound mind or conviction for moral turpitude by court]. Parliament is the key institution as the cabinet and the Prime Minister are chosen from the members; has the monopoly of the powers for legislation, taxation and budget; and exercises accountability over the executive. [Art. 66, 55(3), 56(2), 57, 82-3, 89-92(1 & 2)]
The Westminster model of the Constitution breaks down if the majority party in the House abuses its power and there are obstructions to the effectiveness of the Opposition Party. That is the pathology we confront now. The cure is the strong public pressure for change in the ways the parties existing and new conduct themselves. Surgical operations on anesthetized parties will bring in worse trends as experiences in the subcontinent show.
What Marshall calls social rights are included in the Fundamental Principles of State Policy [Part II of Constitution]. These include emancipation of peasants and workers, provision of basic necessities, free and compulsory mass-oriented education for the economy and civic awareness, development of national culture, rural development and agricultural revolution. Mass education and national culture aim at homogenization which has a key role in nation-building and integration. [Art.14-17, 23].
The Fundamental Principles and the Fundamental Rights are connected in many respects. The principles of democracy and human rights and dignity are linked with the rights to life and personal liberty; the forms of ownership state, cooperative and private with right to ownership; work as a right and duty with the freedom of profession and prohibition of forced labour; and emancipation of workers and peasants and provision of basic necessities with dignity of human life in a substantive sense. [Art. 11, 13, 18, 20].
The modes of enforceability of the three categories of the rights differ radically. The Constitution states clearly that the fundamental rights can be enforced by the High Court; equally clearly, it declares that the fundamental principles of state policy 'shall not be judicially enforceable'. [Art.44, 8(2)]
The Supreme Court followed this principle, citing that policy requires resource, technical know-how, conducive social conditions, etc. However, separation of the judiciary from the executive organs is stated as a principle but has been enforced by the Supreme Court [Art. 22, 8(2); Mahmudul Islam, Constitutional Law of Bangladesh, Mullick Brothers, 2003, pp. 53-4]
The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution of India are similar to the Fundamental Principles in our Constitution. The directive principles are not justiceable but are instructions to the legislature and the government as to the kind of law and policies to be adopted. The fundamental rights and the directive principles are the twin bedrock of the constitution and the principles impose a positive responsibility on the government. On this basis, the government cannot ignore the principles in making law and public policy. [M. P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, 2005, pp. 1363-4, 1366-7]
Restoration of citizenship
It has been stated before that citizenship, with rights as its contents, is at the centre of constitutional democracy. It follows therefore that violation of the rights amounts to violence to citizenship and the state. It is the obligation of the government and the state institutions to expand, entrench and protect citizenship rights from internal subversion and external aggression.
It is unrealistic to expect that the government can unfailingly discharge its obligations. It may fail sporadically because of exogenous events. Repetitive failures are arguably indications of the failed state, but not conclusive evidence. When the failure is endemic and caused by factors internal to the government, it signifies state failure.
Towards the end of the last government, the debate got currency as to whether we were living in a failed state. There were indications of a failed state, but most opinion felt that the evidence was not conclusive: we were at the precipice. The interim government which replaced the constitutional caretaker government evidences the push over the precipice.
The installation of the interim government is the result of the long process of debilitation of the administrative and state institutions for partisan or private gains, which continued through the caretaker government of President-Chief Adviser. To hold the stalemate till 11th January alone or mainly responsible is a rather shallow and short-sighted view.
It seems that there is no law or it is ineffective to punish acts which are destructive of the political rights of the people. This is violence against the sovereignty of the people and therefore against the state. The public officials who commit acts of denial or destruction of the political rights are liable to punishment for subversion of the constitution and the state, those who hold constitutionally instituted office not excepted.
There is another reason for which political power is important. 'The principles of state policy form the basis of the work of State and its citizens.' The people adapt their conduct to the principles and exercise their political power to oblige the government to adopt policies in conformity with the Constitution. The civil liberties and freedoms are essential to the use of the political powers. [Art. 8(2)]
The current government is pledge-bound to reinstate the Constitution and democracy through a proper election, which generates great optimism for the future of our constitutional democracy. It is the justification for the interim government and its redemption.
Dr. Masihur Rahman is a policy analyst and free-lance columnist.
© thedailystar.net, 2007. All Rights Reserved


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#2017BELFAST: FOCUS ON GREAT BRITAIN
By ihukmedia | April 21, 2017
Comments Off on #2017BELFAST: FOCUS ON GREAT BRITAIN
CLICK HERE TO BUY WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP TICKETS
WORLD RANKING: 24th
LAST YEAR: 2nd in IIHF World Championship Division 1 Group B
COACH: Peter Russell.
As the countdown to the historic World Championship Division 1 Group B in Belfast continues, we take a look at the six teams who will play in the first men's World Championship in the UK for 25 years. Here's the lowdown on hosts Great Britain…
Silver medallists in the last two World Championships, Great Britain are the host nation for the first time in a generation.
Coach Peter Russell has named his 23-man squad who he hopes will make use of home ice and a home crowd to take that final step and gain promotion back to Division 1 Group A.
Last weekend the team split a two-game warm up series with D1A side Poland, going down 4-1 in Nottingham before a thrilling 5-4 shootout win the following day in Coventry.
As far as tournament opponents are concerned Croatia, Estonia and Lithuania return from last year's group at Dom Sportova in Zagreb. Great Britain won 4-1 against Croatia, 4-3 against Estonia and 8-0 over Lithuania.
Britain also beat Romania 6-1 – Romania were relegated – before losing 2-1 to eventual gold medallists Ukraine on the final day.
Netherlands replace Romania from D2A while Japan come down from D1A to fill the top seed spot.
GB play their opening match at 4pm before taking the evening face off (7.30pm) for the rest of the week.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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This is an archived press release. Some links may no longer function. For assistance, please contact newsroom@depaul.edu.
DePaul Faculty Launch First-Ever Chamber Music Series
The DePaul University School of Music will offer two chamber music concerts featuring its world-renowned faculty members performing rarely played works. The free, public concerts will be performed at 8 p.m. Feb. 22 and May 10 at the DePaul Concert Hall, <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />800 W. Belden Ave.
This series was born out of faculty members desire to perform with one another, introduce the public to little-known masterpieces and offer students the opportunity to hear their mentors in eclectic ensembles.
The collective brainchild of faculty members Ilya Kaler, Julie DeRoche, Larry Combs and Stephen Balderston, the concerts will feature works by Bartok, Dvořák, Zemlinsky and Bach.
"We have this great pool of performers who are at the very highest level of their art," said DeRoche, a clarinetist and clarinet professor who chairs the performance studies department at DePaul. "And we just wanted to get together and play chamber music."
The series is "repertoire-driven," DeRoche said, adding that faculty members produced a wish list of compositions they would like to perform.
"We always have things we want to play–maybe we heard it and loved it, but never played it," DeRoche said. "So this was put together based on what the faculty wanted to do."
While this is the first year DePaul has presented an organized faculty chamber music series, the six full-time performance professors and 60 adjunct professors plan to continue the series in future years. The performances will be informative and inspirational for both students and the public. Audiences will hear some traditional chamber music as well as compositions that are rarely played, DeRoche said. "It will be varied over time," DeRoche said. "We're only beginning to see the potential."
The Feb. 22 concert will feature Ilya Kaler, violin; Larry Combs, clarinet; Julie DeRoche, clarinet; Olga Kaler, violin; Rami Solomonow, viola; Stephen Balderston, cello; and Aglika Angelova, piano. Profiles of all of the faculty members can be seen at http://music.depaul.edu/FacultyAndStaff/.
The Feb. 22 performance will include Terzetto in C Major for Two Violins and Viola; op. 74 by Antonín Dvořák (1841-1904); Trio in D Minor for Clarinet, Cello, and Piano; op. 3 by Alexander Zemlinsky (1871-1942); and "Contrasts" by Béla Bartók (1881-1945).
The May 10 program will feature works by Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750), including Sonata no. 4 for Violin and Harpsichord in C Minor, BWV 1017; Sonata in E Major for Flute and Harpsichord, BWV1035; and Sonata sopr'il Soggetto Reale from "The Musical Offering," BWV 1079. The program will feature Ilya Kaler, violin; Stephen Balderston, cello; Mary Stolper, flute; Jason Moy, harpsichord; and others.
(View Larger Image)
Julie DeRoche, DePaul clarinet professor


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Q: sem_init Segmentation fault error The task was to create simulation of warehouse's work. Producers (in an amount of argv[2]) create random number of "goods" (totally argv[1]), and consumers (in an amount of argv[3]) get random number of these goods. The full code is below.
I got segmentation error and tried to debug it and got the following:
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
__new_sem_init (sem=0x37, pshared=0, value=1) at sem_init.c:44
44  sem_init.c:  No such file or directory
I think the problem is in address-of operator here
sem_init(&(shared->mutex), 0, 1);
How should I change the code to make it work?
Thanks a lot!
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#define NBUFF 10
#define MAXNTHREADS 100
#define min( a, b ) ( ( a < b) ? a : b )
int nitems, nproducers, nconsumers;

typedef struct shared_s
{
    int buff[NBUFF];
    int nput;
    int nputval;
    int nget;
    int ngetval;
    sem_t mutex, nempty, nstored;
} sharedtype;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    sharedtype * shared;
    key_t key;
    int shmid, semid;
    int i, j, prodcount[MAXNTHREADS], conscount[MAXNTHREADS];

    shared = mmap(NULL, sizeof(sharedtype),
                PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);

    /* Wrong argv */
    if (argc != 4)
    {
        printf("usage: newconsumer <#items> <#producers> <#consumers>\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    nitems = atoi(argv[1]);
    nproducers = min(atoi(argv[2]), MAXNTHREADS);
    nconsumers = min(atoi(argv[3]), MAXNTHREADS);
    pid_t chpidpr [nproducers];
    pid_t chpidcon [nconsumers];
    /* initilising semaphores */
    sem_init(&(shared->mutex), 0, 1);
    sem_init(&(shared->nempty), 0, NBUFF);
    sem_init(&(shared->nstored), 0, 0);

    for (i = 0; i < nproducers; i++) {
        prodcount[i] = 0;
        switch (chpidpr[i] = fork())
        {
            case -1:
                printf("fork error");
                return 1;
            case 0:
                for (;;)
                {
                    sem_wait(&shared->nempty);
                    sem_wait(&shared->mutex);
                    if (shared->nput >= nitems)
                    {
                        sem_post(&(shared->nstored));
                        sem_post(&(shared->nempty));
                        sem_post(&(shared->mutex));
                        return 0;
                    }
                    shared->buff[(shared->nput) %NBUFF] = shared->nputval;
                    (shared->nput)++;
                    (shared->nputval)++;
                    sem_post(&(shared->mutex));
                    sem_post(&(shared->nstored));
                    prodcount[i] += 1;
                }
        }
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nproducers; i++)
    {
        printf("producer count[%d] = %d\n", i, prodcount[i]);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < nconsumers; i++) {
        conscount[i] = 0;
        switch (chpidcon[i] = fork())
        {
            case -1:
                printf("error");
                return 1;
            case 0:
                for (;;)
                {
                    sem_wait(&(shared->nstored));
                    sem_wait(&(shared->mutex));
                    if (shared->nget >= nitems)
                    {
                        sem_post(&(shared->nstored));
                        sem_post(&(shared->mutex));
                        return 0;
                    }
                    j = shared->nget % NBUFF;
                    if (shared->buff[j] != shared->ngetval)
                    {
                        printf("error: buff[%d] = %d\n", j, shared->buff[j]);
                    }
                    shared->nget++;
                    shared->ngetval++;
                    sem_post(&(shared->mutex));
                    sem_post(&(shared->nempty));
                    conscount[i] += 1;
                }
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < nconsumers; i++)
    {
        printf("consumer count[%d] = %d\n", i, conscount[i]);
    }
    /* destroying semaphores */
    sem_destroy(&(shared->mutex));
    sem_destroy(&(shared->nempty));
    sem_destroy(&(shared->nstored));
    exit(0);
}

A: It looks like your mmap call has failed and return -1. You aren't checking for this condition.
I did a quick addition, and it looks like mutex is at an offset of 56, or 0x38 from the base of sharedtype. Based on the crash report, sem = 0x37, which would be the address of shared->mutex if shared == -1.
I can't find any documentation on why one would call mmap with fd == -1, but I think this may be the source of the issue, combined with not validating the result.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


How to froth milk with a steam wand on a traditional espresso coffee machine. When you steam, you always want to foam for properly textured foam; that is. This article is about steaming milk and making milk based drinks, so we shall start .
Just What is Frothed Milk and Microfoam Anyway? Choose Your Milk; Prepare Your Tools; Prepare Your Steam . Correctly frothing milk for cappuccinos and lattes, part of the home barista's guide. Finally, the amount of steam varies from machine to machine too, so the time .
Learn how to steam milk for coffee from a master barista. You'll be making the perfect latte with our milk steaming guide. Steaming great milk is harder at home, but not impossible.
Sep I absolutely love that creamy dollop of foam topping my morning cappuccino from the corner coffee shop. Did you know that you can make milk . The process of steaming and frothing milk involves heating milk while simultaneously injecting air into it to prepare it for use in an espresso-based specialty .
There are lots of coffee flavors to explore, including the things we add to it: milk, steam, foam, and whatever sweetener is in style. Microfoam is that velvety smooth, wet paint textured milk that is at the heart of latte art. While producing this milk is all about practice, practice, practice, here are . You don't need an espresso machine with a steam wand to savor a velvety cap of milk on your next cappuccino or frothy chai latte. Learn how to steam milk so you can enjoy your favorite coffee shop drinks at home.
When you steam milk, the whey proteins stabilize the milk foam. So how does one steam and froth (or foam) milk? That's what I'm going to attempt to answer here. When frothing (sometimes called foaming) or steaming milk for coffee, it is very important not to overheat it.
As the temperature exceeds 70°C the proteins in the . Most people can be trained to extract the. Note: make sure the steam head does not completely clear the milk. It should make a high-pitched 'ripping' sound but not splutter up and out of . Non-fat or skimmed milk provides the largest foam bubbles and is the easiest to froth for. What is the optimal temperature for steaming and frothing milk?
Observing the steam will give you a good idea of how much pressure your machine has, and what style of milk frothing will need to use to achieve great. Turn on steam to full power then lower the jug until the tip of the steam wand is. If your milk and froth is combined together when it hits your espresso, you will . In fact, all you need to produce perfect milk froth is a wire whisk.


Not saving enough for emergencies. Trying to come up with a large chunk of change when something unexpected happens is stressful and can lead to using credit cards as your "safety net". More payments can equal falling short each month in your budget.
Not saving enough for retirement and taking advantage of 401k/403b employer match. I still have quite a few years left until I can retire, but I've been contributing to a retirement account since I was 21. For the first 2 years, my employer matched up to 4% and I only contributed 2% because I was 'living in the now' and wanted my money right away. Since I figured out what I was missing out on, I've taken full advantage of the employer match. It all adds up!
Using credit cards without paying them off monthly. This is a biggie because like #1 above, it can cause major stress when you have to find room in your budget for yet another payment. And the more you charge, the higher your payment gets. Plus, when you reach credit limits, your credit score will go down.
Buying 'too much house'. This can be a ripple effect starting with the 'living paycheck to paycheck' cycle. Then, you find that you don't have enough money to really enjoy life and DO things that you want to do…aka being 'house poor.' Not to mention, if you're spending half or more of your monthly paychecks just on the mortgage/utilities/insurance/taxes, it's probably almost impossible to save for emergencies. And if something comes up, the vicious cycle credit card use begins and life in general then becomes not affordable because you're just trying to keep up making payments on everything.
Another one that could be on here is student loans. My best advice for those in school would be to borrow only what you need for tuition and books and avoid taking out the full amount that you're awarded. Sure it's nice when you get the money, but down the road it'll add up and you'll have to pay it all back with interest.
With that said, don't let regrettable financial decisions you've already made hold you back from living the life you want.
Start taking action ASAP on building savings/retirement and paying off debt. If you are 'house poor' just do what you can to make other cuts so that you can still enjoy your house and your life. Or, if you can earn more money that's a great way to make your home more affordable.
For more personal finance tips, check out 4 tips to pay off your student loans faster and Easy ways to increase financial wellness.
If you already have balances on your credit cards and it seems like it's taking forever to make progress, a Debt Management Plan with LSS can help you pay off your debt faster. To see if it's right for you, get started online with your free online counseling session or call us at 888.577.2227 to schedule one over the phone, via Skype, or in-person. We'll give you tools and resources to help you improve your bottom line and conquer your debt for good.


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If you are in the area, please come and learn more about Syneto - our high-performance hybrid and all-flash Data Storage Solution.
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2. Mix the butter and sugar until fluffy.
3. Add beaten eggs with Camp Coffee.
5. Put a tablespoon in each cake case in a cake tray. Bake for around 15 minutes.
6. Once cool, make the icing. I tend to do this ad hoc so can't really give measurements.
7. I mix the butter and icing sugar. Then the camp coffee until I get the right balance of sugar and coffee.
8. Take a teaspoon of the icing onto each cake.
Let me know if you make these cakes and give them a go, I'd love to see!
What's your favourite mini cake recipes?


NOW AVAILABLE IN BLUE AND F SERIES!
Whether you have an existing M button or not, this small upgrade changes the entire look of your cockpit. If you don't have an M button on your steering wheel, you probably have a button you've never used before. So, replace it anyways!
People have been saying it's one of the best and most subtle differences they've made.
Installation take a few short minutes.
Fitment guaranteed - Needs to be sport, M-Sport, or M3 wheel. In other words, it needs to have the rounder air bag. It does not fit the non sport steering wheel.


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Empty store shelves? Thank price controls
The COVID-19 pandemic panic has caused an eerie, post-apocalyptic scene to become commonplace across the country: supermarkets with barren shelves. One would think that this is the time for an intervention to ensure that stores stay stocked with the things we need, but governors nationwide are taking the opposite approach. Continue Reading...
Coronavirus' greatest threat: our social fabric
Over the weekend, Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel announced that her office received 75 complaints of retailers gouging coronavirus-panicked consumers on the price of basic necessities: Stores in Farmington Hills, Dearborn, Ann Arbor and Allendale have been accused of jacking up the price of hand sanitizers, face masks, and rice and lentils by up to 900%. Continue Reading...
Three books to help you think like an economist
Everyone knows that there is a difference between knowing about something and knowing how to do something. The first is a superficial way of knowing, not a bad way to begin, but it is no substitute for the mastery which comes by integrating knowledge into experience. Continue Reading...
Churches, tax exemption, and the common good
Are churches tax exempt as a matter of privilege or right? What does tax exception cost communities and churches? Christianity Today has been hosting an interesting debate on these issues. Paul Matzko, Assistant Editor for Tech and Innovation at the CATO Institute, argued in the cover story of this month's issue that tax exemption comes at a high a cost to the communities in which they are located: This feeling that churches don't contribute to the common good is not uncommon in America. Continue Reading...
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's crass Marxist materialism
During a Martin Luther King Day discussion with the writer Ta-Nehisi Coates, Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y., made clear that she is not just a democratic socialist but a Marxian one. Evie Fordham of Fox Business has written a helpful summary of the remarks, including Ocasio-Cortez's concise explanation of the Marxist theory of the exploitation of labor: "No one ever makes a billion dollars. Continue Reading...
Bernie Sanders tweets a recipe for exacerbating the housing crisis
Note: An expanded version of this post was released as this week's Acton Commentary. This week, Democratic presidential hopeful Senator Bernie Sanders, I-VT, tweeted the following reaction to a story from The Economist describing rising American rent payments: This is a crisis. Continue Reading...
Donald Boudreaux on why Oren Cass's comparative advantage is not discussing comparative advantage
Last week I wrote about the basic economic illiteracy behind of Oren Cass's case for industrial policy. So basic were the mistakes that I thought perhaps I had misread Cass's argument. Continue Reading...
If government can dream it, can it do it?
Oren Cass, author of The Once and Future Worker: A Vision for the Renewal of Work in America, has written a deeply confused response to Samuel Gregg's essay 'How Economic Nationalism Hurts Nations.' Continue Reading...
Sir Roger Scruton on Wilhelm Röpke's 'Humane Economy'
This week, we received news of the unfortunate loss of Sir Roger Scruton, who passed away from cancer at age 75. As Rev. Ben Johnson wrote, Scruton was a "noted philosopher, expert on aesthetics, and intellectual architect of modern conservatism," recently described by Prime Minister Boris Johnson as "the greatest modern conservative thinker." Continue Reading...
Hayek, Catholic social teaching, and social justice
Last week David Deaval, Visiting Professor at the University of St. Thomas and 2013 Novak Award winner, wrote a very thoughtful essay on Fredrich Hayek, the question of social justice, and Catholic social teaching at the Imaginative Conservative. Continue Reading...
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Why is Ganesha the Leader of Gods?
Question: According to the Vedas, Indra is the leader of the gods. How is then Ganesha is considered the leader of gods? Is there any specific reason we consider him so?
Both are leaders in their spheres. It is not necessary that we should have only one leader for everyone. There can be many leaders leading many groups in different planes and doing different tasks, all for one supreme goal. In God's creation there is diversity in leadership also, as there is diversity in various other aspects.
In Vedic times, Indra was the leader of gods and the lord of the heaven. He received a larger share in Vedic offerings. Agni, Mitra, Soma, Varuna and several others were his friends with whom he shared the ritual honors. He was the illustrious leader who broke the back of feisty asuras in many a war and helped his devotees destroy their enemies in fiery battles. He was a student as well as a teacher of the secret doctrine of the Upanishads. People loved him, feared him and respected him for he could break the walls of mightiest forts to forge victories, and hurl bolts of lightning from the heaven to release the water held in captive by the dark clouds that blocked the sun.
Ganesha was then relatively unknown. The Vedas are silent about him. If there is any hint of him in the Vedas, it is hidden in the invocations to other gods such as Brihaspati or Brahmanaspati. In excavations and archaeological findings, he appears later than Kumara. In all likelihood, Ganesha was an original Saiva Deity, elevated from rustic traditions, and probably unknown to the early Vedic people. He was the leader of the Shiva Ganas, which consisted of all types of ferocious beings, who struck terror in the hearts of their enemies. As their leader, Ganesha played an important role in the Puranic wars against the enemies of Shiva as part of his filial duty.
Overtime, Indra lost his position in the Hindu pantheon as the leader of gods. He was relegated to a lower position which probably corresponded with the ascendance of Shiva and Vishnu and the growing popularity of Bhakti tradition in Shaivism and Vaishnavism. Indra continued to be the lord of the heaven in an expanded universe of several other heavens. However, in the larger scheme of things, he was just a ruler of a direction (dikpala) and a weak god who often succumbed to moral turpitude. In the esteem of people, he became a god with human like frailties, while admiration for Ganesha as the leader of gods grew.
Ganesha, the first among gods
Those who are acquainted with Hinduism and Hindu rituals methods know that in the traditional, ritual worship, devotees invariably worship Ganesha before they worship other gods. The only exception is Lord Shiva who is considered by his devotees the highest Supreme Being. Because of his popularity, in Hindu temples you will most likely find a statue of Ganesha near the sanctum or near the entrance so that people can offer him worship before they visit the main deity.
Ganesha is also worshipped by millions of Hindus on the occasion of Ganesh Chathurthi. He is invariably worshipped on many auspicious, festive occasions and sacrificial ceremonies when devotees offer their respects to Hindu gods and goddesses to celebrate important milestones in their lives and express their gratitude. Currently we may consider Ganesha the most popular deity of Hinduism, next only to Shiva and Vishnu. In this essay, we discuss the symbolic significance of why Lord Ganesha is the leader of gods in the Hindu pantheon.
The hidden truth in the legend of Ganesha
Legend has been that Shiva wanted to appoint one of his sons as the leader of gods. Therefore, he held a contest between Kumaraswamy, his elder son and Ganesha his younger son, stating that whoever made a round trip of the triple words and reached him first would be the winner and the leader of gods. Knowing his limitations, Ganesha sought the advice of his father who suggested him to go around him and Parvathi three times.
Accordingly, Ganesha circled around them three times with great devotion and won the contest to become the leader of gods. He was declared winner because he took refuge in God and sought his help rather than egoistically relying upon his own power. As a devotee he truly qualified himself to lead with humility the followers and believers of Shiva, including the gods. Besides, his mother and father represented the entire creation, and circling around them was equal to circling around all the worlds.
This is the surface story, which is well known to almost all Hindus, who worship Ganesha. However, hidden in it is the significance of Ganesha as the presiding deity of intelligence and the lord of the mind and body. The moral of the story is that if you are clever and if you have intelligence, you can overcome any problem and achieve victory.
Ganesha used his intelligence to become the leader of gods. In an unequal contest, he wisely used his problem solving ability to defeat his brother who was far superior to him in physical prowess. Intelligence rules the world. Intelligence overcomes all obstacles. If you worship the presiding deity of intelligence, you will gain intelligence, perceive solutions and answers to overcome obstacles. Ganesha clears our paths by illuminating our minds with supreme intelligence. He is therefore, Vighnesa, the remover of obstacles as well as their lord.
Ganesha leadership symbolism
As the deification of intelligence, Ganesha is the leader of all. He is the path breaker and the path finder. He leads the way in the darkness of ignorance and delusion. Ganesa (Ganesha) means the lord (isa) of Ganas, the army of Shiva. The ganas represent the energies, elements and organs in the body. Ganapati means the commander of Ganas. Vinayaka means the leader of the ganas and gods. Ganesha also has several other names. The most popular among them are Vighnesa or Vighnaraja, meaning the lord of the obstacles and the king of obstacles.
As the son of Shiva, Ganesha partakes the functions of his father as a destroyer. He engages in destruction as part of a reformative and renewal process to uphold Dharma and ensure the order and regularity of the worlds. He destroys the enemies of God just as he destroys the obstacles and the adversity that often beset people. He helps those who worship him by opening their minds to hidden truths and creative solutions. For the enemies of God and evil doers, he is the source of obstacles and difficulties. He obstructs their paths by deluding them. However, to his devotees he is the destroyer and remover of all obstacles and impurities. By illuminating their minds with intelligence, he brings them peace, prosperity and happiness.
Ganesha the lord of intelligence
Ganesha gives us the discerning power to know truth from falsehood and find right solutions to overcome obstacles and solve our problems and difficulties. Since Ganesha is the lord of the mind and body, he is rightly qualified as the leader of the organs (deities) in the body. The ganas constitute the parts and energies of the body and mind. Parvathi is the body or the field (Kshetra). Shiva is the soul, or the owner of the field (Kshetrajna). As intelligence (Buddhi), Ganesha is the first (pradhama) among gods and the leader (nayaka) of the ganas (tattvas and body parts). He rules over them and their functions and properties.
Adversity and difficulties arise due to delusion and ignorance, or lack of discretion. When intelligence is clouded by desires, attachments, egoism, etc., one becomes deluded and experiences suffering. When they are removed, intelligence shines in the consciousness and one finds a way to achieve complete liberation from all suffering. Intelligence is a reflection of the soul in the mind. Just as Vinayaka in Creation, in a living being (Jiva) it is the child of Purusha (soul) and Prakriti (mind and body).
Thus, symbolically Ganesha represents supreme intelligence, which controls and directs the aspects and working of Nature in the microcosm of beings as well as in the macrocosm of Isvara. As the child of Purusha and Prakriti, he contains aspects of both and communicates with both. His elephant head symbolizes his unusually high intelligence. The large ears in his images represent his attentiveness and keen sense of hearing, while the trunk denotes his ability to discriminate things. Because of his association with intelligence, he was rightly chosen by sage Vyasa to be his scribe for the composition of the Mahabharata, the longest epic in the history of the world. For the same reason, Siddhi (success, perfection, supernatural power) and Buddhi (intelligence, discerning wisdom) are considered his consorts.
Hindu Gods - Lord Ganesha
Ganesh Chaturthi, or Vinayaka Chavithi
The Symbolism of Lord Ganesha
Why To Worship Lord Ganesha?
The Ganapathya Sect
Ganapathya Atharvashirsham
Shri Ganesha Ashtotthara Sathanama Puja
Everyday Prayers to Lord Ganesha
Maha Ganesha Pancha-ratnam
Sri Ganesha Pratah Smaranam
Sankata-naasana Ganapathi Sthothram
A Hindu Prayer, Ganeshashtakam
Ganesha Shodhasa Naama Puuja
Hindu God Murugan, Kumaraswami, Skanda or Ayyappa
Hindu God Lord Shiva (Siva) - the Destroyer
About Goddess Parvathi or Shakti
Hinduism - Gods and Goddess in the Vedas


The BSL Magic Zoom 19 is very nice wash moving head with motorized zoom. Thanks to its special honeycomb lens, it has perfect colour mixing and a zoom ranging from 6 to 66 degrees. On top of that, the moving head is equipped with powerful three phase motors to ensure swift and noiseless motion. RDM is also a feature of this moving head, which makes it easy to change the DMX address, DMX mode and reading logbooks containing possible errors. This way you can remotely access the moving head whilst using it.
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The Coaching Planner link below is designed to help you plan a hurling or football coaching session. It is intended for use by Award 1 and Foundation Award Coaches.
Open a game/drill page and copy and paste the games or drills that you want to us into a Session Planner Form. Use 1 or more session planner forms for your session. You can save your forms on your own computer and print them as an aid in your coaching session.
This entry was posted on Friday, February 12th, 2016 at 1:00 am and is filed under Front page news, News. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


Gorgeous babydoll in bias cut silk satin with a full, swirling skirt. It has gently pleated cups decorated with French lace and ties at the back with a wide silk bow to give a lovely shape. Length from nape approx 74cm/29 inches. Limited stock.


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Ponies & Rainbows: The Life of James Kirkwood by Sean Egan
Price: $9.95 $4.97 USD. (50% off!) Words: 224,450. Language: English. Published: July 28, 2015 by BearManor Media. Categories: Nonfiction » Biography » Gay & lesbian
James Kirkwood is the forgotten man of American letters In 1975, he had two shows playing on Broadway, while his latest novel Some Kind of Hero saw reviewers comparing him to Saul Bellow and Joseph Heller. Ponies & Rainbows both details a remarkable life and seeks to re-establish an even more remarkable talent.
Sean Egan's tag cloud
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"A good laugh is sunshine in a house.
BETHEL, NY — With the ribbon cutting, pictured below, at the new Bethel Woods sign on the corner of Hurd Road and Route 17B, the fall harvest market season was officially opened on August 31. The ribbon cutting was attended by notables including Town of Bethel supervisor Alan Scott, Jonathan Drapkin of the Gerry Foundation, Annelise Gerry, Herm Bressler, chairman of the board of the Gerry Foundation, original Woodstocker Duke Devlin, candidate Aileen Gunther, and stilt walkers Tannis Kowalchuck and Brett Keyser from NaCL. The fall harvest festival featured craftspeople, farm fresh produce, music by John and Erin Slaver of Liberty, NY and the Quintessence Alpaca Festival.


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The Leadership Brief
Land O'Lakes CEO Beth Ford on Racism in Minneapolis, COVID-19's Impact on Farmers and the Need for Rural Wi-Fi
Beth Ford, CEO of Land O'Lakes at the company's headquarters in Minnesota.
Ackerman + Gruber
By Eben Shapiro
(Miss this week's The Leadership Brief? This interview below was delivered to the inbox of Leadership Brief subscribers on Sunday morning, June 21; to receive weekly emails of conversations with the world's top CEO's and business decision makers, click here.)
Land O'Lakes's headquarters are a short drive from the Minneapolis neighborhood where George Floyd was killed by police, setting off global protests over racism in the United States. For the many Fortune 500 companies based in the Twin Cities, the tragedy exposed dramatic inequalities in a region that prides itself on its progressiveness. Beth Ford, the CEO of Land O'Lakes, had already been working to improve diversity at the $14 billion agribusiness and food company. In a symbolic gesture, in February, the company removed the Native American woman that had long served as its logo on its butter and cheese products.
In a recent interview Ford, 56, talked with TIME about how the company, a member-owned cooperative, and the Twin Cities corporate community need to address systemic racism in the area. She also discussed how the COVID crisis has exacerbated the "dire" need for internet connectivity in rural America, a surge in Land O'Lake's chicken feed business, and a record demand for butter, thanks to baking taking off during quarantine.
Subscribe to The Leadership Brief by clicking here.
(This interview with Land O'Lakes CEO Beth Ford has been condensed and edited for clarity)
What is it like to lead an organization so close to that epicenter of the events that have set off a worldwide call to address systemic racism?
This has been painful, enlightening and painful. And very difficult. This is so present, right in our community. I live in the Twin Cities. Everybody has this kind of really great feeling about Minneapolis, but we know that there's this disparity in outcomes. What's it like? It's emotional, it's challenging, it is an opportunity for our team to engage differently, to listen to each other. And then to really say what will work, how can we be part of working through solutions to these issues.
What has been the reaction of the local business community?
I don't know that we have engaged enough with the Black community. We have to listen to that leadership and then try to help change. We need to listen more as a community. We have multiple Fortune 500s here. [Including Target, 3M, General Mills, and others.] We're known for this great education platform. We know we've had disparate outcomes. This is just unacceptable. And it's not because there hasn't been attempts, but we clearly have to do something different. It's not working.
What have you done internally in recent weeks?
The reality is as a company, we've been trying to work on diversity issues, all of us [via] employee resource groups, our African ancestry group, Hispanic group, Asian, LGBTQ. We did listening sessions with our employees because I don't know their journey, I don't know what it must be like, that fear, the issues that they've had. And we need to hear that. And within our own four walls. Do you feel included? It's one thing to say we have a diverse management team or diverse population, It's another thing to say they feel inclusion, that they feel connected, that they feel listened to.
It is painful, it is very, very difficult.
I don't know that we have engaged enough with the Black community. We have to listen to that leadership and then try to help change.
- Beth Ford, CEO of Land O'Lakes
Shifting to your business, where have you seen strengths?
The butter business has been unbelievable. We're all at home, we're eating and making and baking and cooking. And it has stayed elevated. In a normal season, Mother's Day or Thanksgiving and Christmas are the times you have a surge in butter demand. We have some areas that it's like 150-200% of normal.
How have you kept up with demand?
We've had to reduce our SKUs [stock-keeping units—different varieties.] I was saying to one of my brothers, 'Jim we're not doing cinnamon butter right now.' We have to reduce to our core; stick butter, salted, unsalted, some of our spreads. And this is during what we call our flush period, the peak time where cows are most comfortable. It's cool at night, they make the most milk, volumes are surging. Normally, we are making butter and storing it and freezing it for the peak that happens in November, December. We haven't been able to store anything. We're coming off the line going right into retail and having to allocate even with that.
How much butter will you sell this year?
280 million pounds. It will be by far the biggest record that we've set in butter. [The company recently revised its forecast to closer to 290 million pounds, saying the situation was fluid.]
What else is selling well?
Our Kozy Shack pudding business is doing very well. Our cheese, our snack products around cheese, because people are not only baking or cooking but also they're into snacking.
I understand people are buying chickens or what you refer to as "backyard flocks."
Everybody's getting their own chickens. We got to a point where it was so much volume that we couldn't even have the bags available for our chick feed.
Is it just chickens? Are people buying goats?
Well, I don't know about the backyard for the goats.
You have a big business selling both seed and feed to farmers. Traditionally, that's been done in person. How has that business been conducted during the stay at home period?
It's such an important question because we have been talking for the last three or four years that agriculture in general was one of the last industries that had not been as disrupted by e-business, by online. For both seed and feed, it's kind of been viewed as a belly-to-belly business. You have to be present at the farm gate. Now we're all working from home. We have been investing for the last three years in e-business platforms. This moment has been an accelerant for this switch. There still will be a need and a desire for that farm gate touch—that conversation about your animal, your acre, your farm is really still important.
Farmers are often older. How has that impacted digital adaptation?
We're still seeing an increase. It had been slower, this adaptation, and there was this belief that farmers weren't there and weren't supportive. But what we see in our research and certainly what we've seen now is a much greater willingness to leverage tools and technology. By the way, this is the way many of them are living their lives. They're ordering things from Amazon for their families. So this is not new to them.
How concerned are you about lack of access to broadband in rural areas?
This should be considered like electricity and like mail delivery. This is the way we live our lives. Twenty-four million Americans lack access to broadband, nineteen million of those are in rural communities.
But more recently what we've found is that as you look at the mapping, it may be 42 million Americans that lack broadband and a significant amount are in rural communities. What you have is a lack of the basic infrastructure that supports a community.
This problem precedes the current moment?
In the past, before COVID, because there's no access, do you know many of these communities were putting hot spots on school buses and parking them in their community? And then parents or kids would drive up next to the bus to try to get free Wi-Fi to be able to finish their work. Or there might be a Dairy Queen in town, or a gas station. And after school they take them there and that's where they do their homework. This is simply unacceptable.
And COVID has made it worse?
This is a significant issue, and has been and right now this is the proof point of this challenge. We're all working from home, schools shut down, kids are trying to access their education from their home. And at the same time, how do we make sure that there's access to doctors in the COVID and pandemic situation when there's no hospital and you have to drive two hours and you may or may not be able to see a doctor.
What were you doing before and after COVID to address this?
We're pushing for federal investment of $150 billion dollars, which is what it will take to close this gap. It's another thing when we have an urgent situation. What we will do is work through our local retailers and with our own sites in rural communities to turn on free Wi-Fi, partner with Microsoft to put boosters out there so that if you don't have something that goes outside the building, you have that capability. Put parking spots where somebody can show up and use that free Wi-Fi for periods of time. We then partnered with the Mayo Clinic, the Cleveland Clinic, Health Partners, Center Care. We have multiple other partners in this initiative.
This has been a brutal couple of years for farmers. How are they doing?
I think you have to be an optimist to be a farmer. It can be too hot, too cold, too wet, too dry. You have tariff issues, you have strong dollar issues. Now you have this COVID situation. You can be a brilliant farmer, brilliant, and you can still lose money. In 2017-18, the average income for a farmer was $43,000. The median was minus $1,500. They have been working for multiple years, not making money. And now we have this crisis. So what am I hearing? The farmers are so resilient. They're out in the field, they're farming. The dairy producers are producing their milk. They go at it every day.
Do we as a country pay enough attention to the condition of farmers?
This isn't just a rural issue. This is the food supply for the nation. This is an American issue. The food supply is a pillar of our national security.
I am from Sioux City, Iowa. I have a family of seven other siblings, I am right in the middle. We were very much a working class family. My father, who has since passed, was a truck driver and a used car salesman. And my mother, who is still with us, was a nurse. I started working at age 12 in the field, detasseling corn. I shared my room with my three sisters, shared a bed with one of my sisters, I got one drawer that was mine. I think that there's a blessing to that. You understand the value of hard work. You start to work for what you need, and what you want. We were not unlike any other family in our neighborhood.
What was your first corporate job?
I was in the oil industry for ten years, worked for Mobil Oil on the tanker, the marketing and refining side. I worked the night shift, it was me and the dudes. I was not uncomfortable there. I came in from a working class family and I thought of them more like my father, my uncle, who were drivers. They're raising families, you treat them with respect.
I was in the oil industry for ten years, worked for Mobil Oil on the tanker, the marketing and refining side. I worked the night shift, it was me and the dudes. I was not uncomfortable there.
That's a rough and tumble business.
I have millions of stories. I've had guns pulled on one of my drivers and my driver shot. I've had a tanker go over. I've had an oil spill. One funny thing was you go through oil spill response training, it was me and 25 men. One part of that is you go up in helicopters to try to figure out how you chart oil spills. And a guy says—we're at the helicopter, he was like "I'm going to yell out your name, you're going to yell out your weight." I was like, "What? I'm going to write it down on a piece of paper for you, I'm going to give it to you, between you and me." And so he types it in, I'm over his shoulder, he types in what I've got and he writes it in five pounds heavier. And I said "You're five pounds heavier." He said, "Every woman lies about her weight." I said, "Not when it's life or death, for God's sake!"
You were a foreman in your early 20s. How do you command respect at such a young age?
First of all you have to have some level of humility where you say "I don't understand, could you explain this to me?" The reality is that it's about showing up as a consistent person, not being pushed around or not being inconsistent with the way that you judge good performance or poor performance. It's about showing up as an authentic, consistent person.
What kind of behavior in the workplace won't you tolerate?
I will not abide by someone who is nasty. This is a collaborative culture. Nasty—I'm not having it. I've had situations where the good performers, really top performers, were nasty. And I don't tolerate it. They're gone. It's so bad for a culture. The reality is they cause more harm than good.
I'm not somebody's Mom, so don't come to me with "I am not getting along with Joe or Sally." Absolutely not. I am uninterested. And if you do that, God help you. No, no, no. Be an adult for goodness sake.
FORD'S FAVORITES
BOOKS: Doris Kearns Goodwin's Leadership in Turbulent Times. Churchill's Memoirs. I like [Ulysses S.] Grant. They inform business leadership. And especially in this particular environment. And then you realize, we've been here before. I find this so helpful to remind yourself that these things have occurred in the past. We've moved past them.
APP: I have three teenage children. And so a lot of the things that are indispensable are scheduling apps for their schedule that I get to see. The other one that is more indispensable to me personally is the way that I tend to track my physical activity.
STRESS RELIEF/EXERCISE: I'm a very structured person, I get up at 5:00, I go down and work out at 5:30, quarter to 6. That is a stress reliever for me. I do some of my best thinking. And your physical fitness helps your cognitive ability and it helps you stay present. Recently I've been really working on boot camp, a half hour or more of full intense, high intensity. And then lifting weights for another fifteen or twenty minutes. I tend to do that a lot or run or row.
Procter & Gamble CEO David Taylor Talks Equality, The Economy, and Why Leaders Wear Masks


text:
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text:
import click
from src.InstanceCounter import InstanceCounter

@click.command()
@click.option('--server', '-s', default="http://localhost:8585/bigdata/sparql",
              help='Uri to the sparql endpoint which stores the RDFS SubClass Information.')
@click.option('--user', '-u', default="admin", help='User for the sparql endpoint.')
@click.option('--password', '-p', default="dev98912011", help='Password for the sparql endpoint.')
@click.option('--n-processes', '-x', default="11",
              help='Number of processes to spawn simultaneously.')
@click.option('--file', '-f', default=None,
              help='Input file with classes to get counts for.')
@click.option('--target', '-t', default="./data/instance_count.db",
              help='Output sqlite db to save data into.')
@click.option('--log-level', '-l', default="WARN")
def main(server, user, password, log_level, n_processes, file, target):
    counter = InstanceCounter(server=server, sqlite_db=target, user=user, password=password,
                              n_processes=int(n_processes), log_level=log_level)

    if type(file) is list:
        for f in file:
            counter.count_all_instances(f)
    else:
        counter.count_all_instances(file)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
#347: Versers Scrambled
July 5, 2020 M.J. 2 Comments
This is mark Joseph "young" blog entry #347, on the subject of Versers Scrambled.
With permission of Valdron Inc I have previously completed publishing my first five novels, Verse Three, Chapter One: The First Multiverser Novel, Old Verses New, For Better or Verse, Spy Verses, and Garden of Versers, in serialized form on the web (those links will take you to the table of contents for each book). Along with each book there was also a series of web log posts looking at the writing process, the decisions and choices that delivered the final product; those posts are indexed with the chapters in the tables of contents pages. Now as I have posted the sixth, Versers Versus Versers, I am again offering a set of "behind the writings" insights. This "behind the writings" look may contain spoilers because it sometimes talks about my expectations for the futures of the characters and stories–although it sometimes raises ideas that were never pursued, as being written partially concurrently with the story it sometimes discusses where I thought it was headed. You might want to read the referenced chapters before reading this look at them. Links below (the section headings) will take you to the specific individual chapters being discussed, and there are (or will soon be) links on those pages to bring you back hopefully to the same point here.
This is the eighth and last mark Joseph "young" web log post covering this book, covering chapters 78 through 86. Previous entries in this series include:
#319: Quiet Worlds, convering chapters 1 through 11.
#323: Verser Crises, covering chapters 12 through 22.
#327: Verser Separations, covering chapters 23 through 33.
#333: Uncertain Worlds, covering chapters 34 through 44.
#338: Verser Missteps, covering chapters 45 through 55.
#339: Verser Tensions, covering chapters 56 through 66.
#343: Worlds Explode, covering chapters 67 through 77.
Chapter 78, Kondor 168
Chapter 79, Slade 167
Chapter 86, Brown 195
At this point I had two problems. One was pacing; the other was bringing each of my characters to a satisfactory end for the book. I still did not have worlds chosen for Slade or Beam, and was going to have to do one of them next, but I had at least two more Kondor chapters to bring him to the finish point, one more Hastings chapter, and probably one more Brown chapter. I also had to decide who would be last.
This had been chapter 67 before the addition of the Takano chapters.
Sometimes in play one gets an idea for a world, and sends a player character there to see what might happen. This was like that, only less so initially–I had the notion that Slade would return to a future version of the parakeet valley world, but I was not at all certain how far future. My three notions were medieval, modern, and science fiction, but I was not seeing much of a story for any of these. I put it to Kyler, and he said definitely modern, but perhaps not quite modern–mid twentieth century or even late nineteenth century. The notion of our auto mechanic appearing in the age of steam appealed to me, so that's where we went.
I had already decided that the version of the language he spoke would have become something known only to scholars, but would still be recognized as language.
This was chapter 68 until the Takano chapters shifted it.
I had originally thought to do most of this in retrospect, but remembered an editor friend suggesting that action was better, so I tackled trying to tell more of it as it happened.
Before the addition of the Takano chapters this was chapter 69.
I once saw a Doctor Who special in which one of the companions commented that her job was to say "What is it, Doctor?" so the Doctor could explain, and that there were only so many ways to say that. I think of that as the Amir asks Kondor that question.
I pondered where to send Beam, and the best thing I could think of was a published world called The Industrial Complex. The player on whom he is based was there when I was running him, and did some surprising things, so it might be a good direction for me.
Prior to including the Takano chapters this was chapter 70.
On the last edit I discovered that this was double-numbered Beam 54; there were no further Beam chapters in the book, so it just involved fixing this one.
At this point I decided I had to add the other character, so I began writing the Tomiko Takano stories.
I had originally written that Lauren did not sense any other versers, but was changing events such that Tomiko would be the girl on the curb, and that meant Lauren would detect someone but would not have time to learn more.
This was chapter 71 before the Takano chapters were added.
I had thought that I would be going directly from the report to the Amir to the defense of the shoreline, but then I recognized that there had to be some discussion about where the attack would come.
This had been chapter 72 until the Takano chapters were added.
I knew this would be the end of the book for Tomiko; I still had to write the last chapter for Kondor. I had to integrate what Tomiko saw with what I had already written for Lauren, as the stories were now overlapping. The other problem was exactly how much of this new world I should write, knowing that I was going to have to pick it up in another book.
Then, of course, I was going to have to interweave the dozen Takano chapters into the six dozen chapters of the main story.
The decision to place it here between two Kondor chapters was connected to the decision to switch the order of the final two chapters of the book, discussed in connection with them.
Even though I had only written four chapters of the Tomiko story, I expected this would be the last chapter of the book, as all the characters came to cliffhanger endings.
This was originally chapter 74, and the final chapter of the book. The reasons for changing that are discussed in connection with the final chapter; moving it also meant placing the last Takano chapter before it, so I wouldn't have two Kondor chapters in a row.
There was a question about whether when Derek got to the bridge a voice would say "Captain on the bridge" and some mechanical crewmen would snap to attention, or whether it would go as it did, with an artificially intelligent humanoid holding the position of captain. When I got here, I decided that making Derek First Officer had a lot more potential for interesting story, including addressing why the captain has not maintained the education of the humanoid indigs aboard.
I swithered about whether this would be the last chapter, or whether Kondor would end the book. I had considered Lauren as well, but decided against her at some point.
Originally I ended the book with Kondor 171, with this as the penultimate chapter. However, when Kyler was reading the chapters he said that the Brown chapter was the best ending for the book, the best cliffhanger. However, if I moved it that would give me two Kondor chapters in a row–which was remedied by putting the last Takano chapter between them, also having the benefit that it prevented me from going directly from Lauren throwing the child to Tomiko catching her.
This has been the eighth and last behind the writings look at Versers Versus Versers. If there is interest and continued support from readers we will endeavor to continue with another novel and more behind the writings posts for it.
FictionMultiversertechnologyWarWriting
Previous Post#346: The Song "If We Don't Tell Them"Next Post#348: Temporal Thoughts on A.R.Q.
2 thoughts on "#347: Versers Scrambled"
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text:
import pkginfo
from stevedore.dispatch import DispatchExtensionManager
from stevedore.exception import NoMatches

from context import PluginContext

install_phases = ['Pre-Upgrade', 'Pre-Add', 'Add', 'Pre-Activate', 'Activate', 'Pre-Deactivate',
                  'Deactivate', 'Pre-Remove', 'Remove', 'Remove All Inactive', 'Commit', 'Get-Inventory',
                  'Migration-Audit', 'Pre-Migrate', 'Migrate', 'Post-Migrate', 'Post-Upgrade', 'FPD-Upgrade']

auto_pre_phases = ["Add", "Activate", "Deactivate"]

class CSMPluginManager(object):

    def __init__(self, ctx=None, invoke_on_load=True):
        self._ctx = PluginContext(ctx)
        # The context contains device information after discovery phase
        # There is no need to load plugins which does not match the family and os
        try:
            self._platform = self._ctx.family
        except AttributeError:
            self._platform = None
        try:
            self._os = self._ctx.os_type
        except AttributeError:
            self._os = None

        self._phase = None
        self._name = None

        self.load(invoke_on_load=invoke_on_load)

    def load(self, invoke_on_load=True):
        self._manager = DispatchExtensionManager(
            "csm.plugin",
            self._check_plugin,
            invoke_on_load=invoke_on_load,
            invoke_args=(self._ctx,),
            propagate_map_exceptions=True,
            on_load_failure_callback=self._on_load_failure,
        )
        self._build_plugin_list()

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return self._manager.__getitem__(item)

    def _build_plugin_list(self):
        self.plugins = {}
        for ext in self._manager:
            self.plugins[ext.name] = {
                #  'package_name': ext.entry_point.dist.project_name,
                'package_name': ext.entry_point.module_name.split(".")[0],
                'name': ext.plugin.name,
                'description': ext.plugin.__doc__,
                'phases': ext.plugin.phases,
                'platforms': ext.plugin.platforms,
                'os': ext.plugin.os
            }

    def _filter_func(self, ext, *args, **kwargs):
        if self._platform and bool(ext.plugin.platforms) and self._platform not in ext.plugin.platforms:
            return False
        if self._phase and self._phase not in ext.plugin.phases:
            return False
        if self._name and ext.plugin.name not in self._name:
            return False
        # if detected os is set and plugin os set is not empty and detected os is not in plugin os then
        # plugin does not match
        if self._os and bool(ext.plugin.os) and self._os not in ext.plugin.os:
            return False
        return True

    def _dispatch(self, ext, *args, **kwargs):
        if self._filter_func(ext):
            self._ctx.current_plugin = None
            self._ctx.info("Dispatching: '{}'".format(ext.plugin.name))
            self._ctx.post_status(ext.plugin.name)
            self._ctx.current_plugin = ext.plugin.name
            return True
        return False

    def _on_load_failure(self, manager, entry_point, exc):
        self._ctx.warning("Plugin load error: {}".format(entry_point))
        self._ctx.warning("Exception: {}".format(exc))

    def _check_plugin(self, ext, *args, **kwargs):
        attributes = ['name', 'phases', 'platforms', 'os']
        plugin = ext.plugin
        for attribute in attributes:
            if not hasattr(plugin, attribute):
                self._ctx.warning("Attribute '{}' missing in plugin class: {}".format(
                    attribute, ext.entry_point.module_name))
                return False
        return self._filter_func(ext)

    def get_package_metadata(self, name):
        try:
            meta = pkginfo.Installed(name)
        except ValueError as e:
            print(e)
            return None
        return meta

    def _get_package_names(self):
        return self.get_package_metadata().keys()

    def dispatch(self, func):

        results = []
        current_phase = self._ctx.phase
        if self._ctx.phase in auto_pre_phases:
            phase = "Pre-{}".format(self._ctx.phase)
            self.set_phase_filter(phase)
            self._ctx.info("Phase: {}".format(self._phase))
            try:
                results = self._manager.map_method(self._dispatch, func)
            except NoMatches:
                self._ctx.warning("No {} plugins found".format(phase))
            self._ctx.current_plugin = None

        self.set_phase_filter(current_phase)
        self._ctx.info("Phase: {}".format(self._phase))
        try:
            results += self._manager.map_method(self._dispatch, func)
        except NoMatches:
            self._ctx.post_status("No plugins found for phase {}".format(self._phase))
            self._ctx.error("No plugins found for phase {}".format(self._phase))

        self._ctx.current_plugin = None
        self._ctx.success = True
        self._ctx.info("CSM Plugin Manager Finished")
        self._ctx.disconnect()
        return results

    def set_platform_filter(self, platform):
        self._platform = platform

    def set_phase_filter(self, phase):
        self._phase = phase

    def set_os_filter(self, os):
        self._os = os

    def set_name_filter(self, name):
        if isinstance(name, str) or isinstance(name, unicode):
            self._name = {name}
        elif isinstance(name, list):
            self._name = set(name)
        elif isinstance(name, set):
            self._name = name
        else:
            self._name = None


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I filmed and edited this AAZK presentation for the AAZK conference 2016 in Memphis, Tennessee. This video helped fund raise for conservation in Lewa wildlife conservancy.
I filmed and edited this generalized 'thank you' video for the donors and sponsors who support conservation activities in Lewa wildlife conservancy.
Lewa based KWS Vet Treating a wild dog in El Karama, Laikipia.
I was the sound engineer on this architectural farm manifesto.


• Must be age 15 or older.
• Must pass a written examination.
• Can only drive when accompanied by a parent, legal guardian or licensed driver who is age 21 or older and occupying the seat beside the driver.
• Must be age 16 or older.
• A State II (restricted) driver cannot drive during the hours of midnight and 6 a.m. unless accompanied by a parent or legal guardian, accompanied by a licensed driver who is age 21 or older with parent or legal guardian's consent, going to or from an event sponsored by school or religious organization, going to or from place of employment or driving for the purpose of medical, fire or law-enforcement related emergency.
• Must not have more than one passenger in the vehicle other than parents, legal guardians or family members.
• Must not use any handheld communications devices while driving.
Here is a link to the Alabama Department of Public Safety for more information on the Graduated Drivers License and the applicable forms.


Pastel is in the spotlight this season! A tendency to adopt easily with this stylish blazer pale peach color – a soft tint ideal for summertime – who will perform so well with jeans with a dress. As for shoes, we love these boots openwork identified in the new collection Morgan, whose ribbon laces bring a lot of style and originality.
Jean Skinny black stretch denim hipsters (Camaieu, € 26.95).
Dial Watch silver metallic square retro style (Web Exclu Urban Outfitters, 45 €).
Top ecru bodice shape with Marcel lace bow on shoulder strap (Mim, € 12.99 – Also available in red, old rose, navy blue and black).
Black boots open mind cabaret amount of the ankle, with interwoven satin laces and wooden heels (Morgan , 59 €).
Blazer long wide lapels fluid style smocking pale peach color (Topshop, € 85).


text:
Did Comcast Violate Your Privacy?
By Mindy Spatt
Customers pay extra for unlisted numbers, but don't always get what they are paying for. According to an investigation by the California Public Utilities Commission, between July 2010 and December 2012, Comcast sold, leased, and/or released the names, addresses and unlisted phone numbers of tens of thousands of customers.
The information was sold or provided to third parties for publication in online, print and phone directories. This went on for two and a half years before Comcast noticed it.
For some customers, an unlisted number is simply a preference—a preference they are constitutionally entitled to under the privacy provisions of the California constitution. For other customers, keeping their personal information confidential is literally a matter of life or death. That was the case with some of the Comcast customers, who, the company says, had domestic violence or personal safety concerns.
Comcast eventually reported the error to the CPUC, and to the 74,650 impacted customers via US mail, but failed to publicly acknowledge the error. So many customers may not know their information was published.
>But some do. CPUC investigators quickly found out complaints from Comcast customers about these violations of their privacy on numerous websites. These subscribers paid Comcast from $1.25 to $1.50 per month to have an "unlisted" residential phone number or numbers. Here's what a few of them had to say:
"Comcast published my address and a convicted felon has it."
"My address is listed all over the internet!"
"We have been paying to be unlisted all along yet our personal and private information has been sold. Again."
The complaints posted on Comcast's own complaint forum date back as far as March 2010.
So its no surprise that the Commission says Comcast should have known that the problem existed long before its confession to the Commission in December 2012, and that fines may be appropriate.
The problem apparently started in July 2010 when Comcast changed its process for residential directory listings. So the Commission is wondering why Comcast never checked to see if the new system was working properly. Or googled itself.
Comcast has resisted CPUC attempts to investigate. One of Comcast's attempts to wriggle out of corporate accountability caught TURN's attention. Comcast claimed that the CPUC had no right to require it to treat customers fairly because they were receiving phone service through V>oice over Internet Protocol. This gap in consumer protection for phone customers receiving service over a broadband connection, SB 1161, was approved by the legislature over TURN's most strenuous objections in 2011. But it doesn't give Comcast a fee pass on everything, and certainly not on the California constitution, which provides strong privacy protections to residents of our state.
Comcast claims that it will refund money to customers who paid for but didn't get unlisted numbers. But Comcast should still be fined for failing to follow the law. And some customers may need more relief than just a refund. For once, the CPUC is standing up for consumers. TURN will also attempt to advocate for consumers in the case, and to urge that SB 1161, the phone industry's anti-consumer legislation, not be interpreted to prevent the CPUC from doing its job.
If your privacy was violated, TURN wants to hear from you! Comcast customers with unlisted numbers that may have been listed should e-mail TURN today!


text:
EXIT Real Estate Professionals
EXIT Shares
Rockford is a town in Spokane County, Washington, United States. The population was 470 at the 2010 census. Rockford was first settled in 1878 by D.C. Farnsworth. The town took its name from a rocky ford on Rock Creek. Rockford was incorporated as a town in 1890.
Rockford Properties
Tumtum
Fairchild Air Force Base
Metaline
Listings made available courtesy of the Spokane Association of REALTORS® MLS. Copyright 2021 of the Spokane Association of REALTORS® MLS. All rights reserved.
IDX Data is provided exclusively for consumers' personal, non-commercial use, it may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing, data is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed accurate by the Spokane Association of REALTORS® MLS.
Data last updated: Jan 20, 2021 9:30:pm
Information displayed on this website on listings other than those of the website owner is displayed with permission of the Selkirk MLS and Broker/Participants of the Selkirk MLS. IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers' personal, non-commercial use, and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Information is from sources deemed reliable but is not guaranteed. Prospective buyers should verify information independently.
Listing courtesy of Coeur d'Alene MLS. IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers' personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Data is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed accurate by the MLS.
EXIT Real Estate Professionals 1403 S Grand Blvd | Suite 101N, Spokane, WA 99203 O: 509.535.8400
EXIT Realty Corp. International is an Equal Opportunity Employer and supports the Fair Housing Act. Each office is independently owned and operated. Subject to change without notice. While the information on this site is deemed to be accurate, EXIT Realty Corp. International does not guarantee its accuracy, and provides this information without warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied.
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Parry Gripp's Videos Crack Me Up! Baby Bunny Is My Fave!
This adorable little mix of baby bunnies by Parry Gripp is all you need to make you smile. But wait, is there something wrong with this video? Maybe not wrong with it, but did someone who is not a baby bunny come to crash the party? I think so. You gotta love the ending too… that little baby bunny wink is just perfect! I'm a big fan of Parry Gripp's videos… they make me smile!


text:
Ludwig von Waldeck (* im 14. Jahrhundert; † 30. September 1354) war Domherr in verschiedenen Bistümern und Domscholaster in Münster.

Leben

Herkunft und Familie
Ludwig von Waldeck war der Sohn des Grafen  Otto von Waldeck († 1305) und dessen Gemahlin Sophia von Hessen, Tochter des Landgrafen Heinrich I. von Hessen. Sein Onkel Adolf von Waldeck war Bischof von Lüttich. Gottfried, sein anderer Onkel, war Bischof von Minden.  Der münsterische Bischof Ludwig war sein Onkel mütterlicherseits.

Wirken
Ludwig findet am 6. August 1337 erstmals als Domherr zu Münster urkundliche Erwähnung. In den Jahren 1337 bis 1346 war er auch Domherr in Minden. Nach dem Tode des Mindener Bischofs Ludwig war er in der provisorischen Stiftsregierung tätig. Ab dem Jahre 1341 besaß Ludwig auch ein Kanonikat in Bremen und war auch münsterscher Domscholaster. In dieser Funktion oblag ihm die Leitung der Domschule.

Quellen
 Das Bistum Münster 4,2. (Germania Sacra NF 17.2) Das Domstift St. Paulus zu Münster, bearbeitet von Wilhelm Kohl, herausgegeben vom Max-Planck-Institut für Geschichte, Göttingen, Verlag: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/New York, ISBN 978-3-11-008508-2, Germania Sacra NF 17,2 Biografien der Domherren Seite 19ff. Digitalisat

Weblinks
 Ludwig von Waldeck Personendatenbank bei Germania Sacra
 Von Waldeck Personendatenbank bei Germania Sacra

Domherr (Münster)
Domherr (Minden)
Domherr (Bremen)
Familienmitglied des Hauses Waldeck
Geboren im 14. Jahrhundert
Gestorben 1354
Deutscher
Mann
Domherr (14. Jahrhundert)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sorrento is a town in Campania that has beautiful architecture and a quaint atmosphere. There are many great cafes and restaurants in town where you can pass the time. There are also great shops and activities that appeal to all types of tourists and travelers.
Sorrento is on the Circumvesuviana rail system so it's easily accessible from Naples. It's a popular place to base yourself while you're exploring the area and there are also ferries that go regularly between Sorrento and Capri.
There are a few great hostels in Sorrento. Some hotels also offer dorm rooms, which make a good option for budget travelers who don't want to spend a fortune. Several affordable options are listed below.
Florida Hostel and Hotel is a resort that has both dorm rooms and private rooms available. Every room has air conditioning and a private bathroom attached. The facility also has a beautiful garden area, a swimming pool, and a bar where guests can hang out and relax. There's a relaxing atmosphere, but it feels a bit more like a hotel than a hostel, with most of the guests staying in private rooms. It's centrally located though and great for exploring the town. This hostel also makes a great base for exploring the Amalfi Coast including Capri Island, Positano, and much more.
They offer all of the standard amenities for guests including free wi-fi access, security lockers in dorm rooms, and luggage storage. There is also car and bike parking available and discounts to different clubs and activities around town.
Guests can start their day with a full English Breakfast every morning (for an additional fee). There are also pizza nights in the garden area every Thursday night where you can meet other guests and enjoy a good cheap meal.
This is a great option for visitors to the Amalfi Coast who want to meet other guests in a fun setting.
A great hostel for backpackers, couples, and female travellers.
Seven Hostel is another affordable place to stay near Sorrento along the Amalfi Coast. It's a popular option for backpackers and budget travelers who want comfort and affordability. The hostel is located in an eighteenth century building and there's a modern design but it still holds on to a bit of its history. In the surrounding area you'll find some great walking paths and swimming areas. There are also several great sun decks where you can relax and soak up the sun. Also nearby you'll find several great restaurants, bars, and clubs. If you don't want to go far, there's also an on-site bar where you can grab a drink or a bite to eat.
The hostel has double private rooms available as well as six, eight, ten, and twelve bed dorms. There are both co-ed and female only rooms to choose from. The rooms are kept very clean and the staff are friendly and respectful.
A good hostel for backpackers, budget travellers, and independent travellers.
Ulisse Deluxe is another popular option in Sorrento. It's located near the historical center of the town and is about half a kilometer from the main square and Piazza Tasso. It's also very close to Marina Grande, the fishing village.
This hostel makes a great base for exploring the historic town and the surrounding countryside. It offers easy access to many nearby destinations including Capri, Pompei, Ercolano, and most of the Amalfi Coast.
The hostel is housed in a modern building that is well decorated and has all of the modern comforts you might need. There's a great bar area where guests can hang out, a wellness center, an indoor heated pool, and a full gym that guests can use.
Ulisse Deluxe has the feel of a hotel with a few dorm rooms attached, so the atmosphere isn't as social as you might hope. Most guests stay in private rooms but if you're in a dorm, then it's relatively easy to meet the other dorm guests. The hostel has private double, three, and four bed rooms as well as six and eight bed dorms. The six bed dorms are male only and the eight bed dorms are female only.