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De wiskundige logica is een deelgebied van de wiskunde. De wiskundige logica wordt onderverdeeld in de vier deelgebieden verzamelingenleer, bewijstheorie, modeltheorie en berekenbaarheid. Zo is in de wiskunde de groepentheorie verbonden met de verzamelingenleer, de getaltheorie met de bewijstheorie en is de berekenbaarheid een onderdeel van de computationele complexiteitstheorie. Onderzoek op het gebied van de wiskundige logica heeft bijgedragen aan de grondslagen van de wiskunde, die weer de logica in het algemeen ondersteunden. Maar er zijn ook onderdelen van de wiskundige logica die zich niet met grondslag van de wiskunde bezighouden.
De wiskundige logica geeft de voorwaarden aan, waaraan een wiskundig bewijs moet voldoen.

Vroeger werd de wiskundige logica ook wel symbolische logica genoemd en op één lijn getrokken met disciplines waar qua onderzoeksgebied enige overlap mee is, met name met de filosofische logica en de metawiskunde. De eerste discipline betreft vooral de algemene logica, maar wordt soms ook nog gebruikt voor de wiskundige logica. Metawiskunde heeft vooral betrekking op bepaalde aspecten van de bewijstheorie.

In de vorige eeuw was het programma van Hilbert, genoemd naar David Hilbert en het onderzoek van de consistentie binnen de wiskunde door onder meer Kurt Gödel van belang.

Deelgebieden van de wiskundige logica
Het 'Handbook of Mathematical Logic' (1977) deelt de wiskundige logica onder in vier gebieden:
Verzamelingenleer De verzamelingenleer is de studie van de verzamelingen, in het bijzonder de abstracte verzamelingen van objecten. Terwijl eenvoudige concepten zoals de deelverzameling vaak binnen het terrein van de naïeve verzamelingenleer worden behandeld, houdt het moderne onderzoek zich bezig met de axiomatische verzamelingenleer, die logische methoden gebruikt om vast te stellen welke wiskundige uitspraken in verschillende formele theorieën kunnen worden bewezen. voorbeelden hiervan zijn de Zermelo-Fraenkel-verzamelingenleer van Ernst Zermelo en Adolf Fraenkel en de New Foundations van Willard Van Orman Quine.
Bewijstheorie De bewijstheorie is de studie van formele bewijzen en verschillende logische deductiesystemen. Bewijzen worden als wiskundige objecten neergezet om ze door middel van wiskundige technieken te kunnen onderzoeken. Frege hield zich met de wiskundige bewijzen bezig en formaliseerde het begrip bewijs.
Modeltheorie De modeltheorie is de studie van formele theorieën, waarvoor de basis is gelegd door Alfred Tarski. De verzameling van alle modellen van een bepaalde theorie noemt men een elementaire klasse. De klassieke modeltheorie probeert de eigenschappen van modellen van een bepaalde elementaire klasse te bepalen of onderzoekt of bepaalde klassen van structuren elementair zijn. De methode van de kwantoreliminatie wordt gebruikt om aan te tonen dat bepaalde theorieën niet te gecompliceerd kunnen zijn.
Berekenbaarheid De berekenbaarheidstheorie, is de studie van berekenbare functies en de Turinggraden, die de niet berekenbare functies naar de graad classificeren, dat zij  niet-berekenbaar zijn. Deze theorie is een onderdeel van de computationele complexiteitstheorie.

De grenzen tussen deze gebieden maar ook tussen de wiskundige logica en de andere gebieden binnen de wiskunde zijn niet altijd precies gedefinieerd. Bijvoorbeeld zijn de onvolledigheidsstellingen van Gödel niet alleen in de berekenbaarheids- en de bewijstheorie van groot belang, maar leidden ze ook tot de stelling van Löb, genoemd naar Löb, die van belang is in de modale logica. De categorieëntheorie maakt eveneens gebruik van veel formele, axiomatische methoden die grote overeenkomsten vertonen met de wiskundige logica, terwijl de categorieëntheorie in het algemeen niet tot de wiskundige logica wordt gerekend.

Raakvlakken met de informatica
Er bestaat veel overlap en verbinding tussen de wiskundige logica en de informatica. Delen van de wiskundige logica worden onder andere in de theoretische informatica behandeld. Veel pioniers in de informatica, zoals Alan Turing, waren zowel wiskundige als logicus. De studie van programmeertalen hangt nauw samen met de modeltheorie. Het Curry-Howard isomorfisme heeft te maken met bewijstheorie en in het bijzonder met de intuïtionistische logica. Formele calculi zoals de lambdacalculus en de combinatorische logica worden nu bestudeerd als geïdealiseerde programmeertalen.

Computerwetenschappers concentreren zich in het algemeen vooral op programmeertalen, terwijl in de mathematische logica vooral theoretisch is.

Geschiedenis

18e eeuw
Wiskundigen met een filosofische achtergrond, zoals Gottfried Leibniz en Johann Heinrich Lambert probeerden al in de 18e eeuw de formele wiskunde vanuit een symbolische of algebraïsche benadering te behandelen, maar hun werk bleef grotendeels onbekend.

19e eeuw
In het midden van de 19e eeuw kwamen George Boole en Augustus De Morgan met een systematische logica. Dit werk was gebaseerd op eerder onderzoek van algebraci, zoals George Peacock. De traditionele, aristotelische logica werd hervormd en uitgebreid als instrument om de grondslagen van de wiskunde te onderzoeken. Aristoteles' leer van het syllogisme en Euclides' vlakke meetkunde vormden de voornaamste uitgangspunten. Charles Peirce ging verder met het werk van Boole en ontwikkelde en publiceerde een logisch systeem voor relaties en kwantoren. Gottlob Frege publiceerde in 1879 een eigen uitwerking van de logica met kwantoren in zijn Begriffsschrift. Dit werk bleef onopgemerkt totdat Bertrand Russell het rond de eeuwwisseling meer bekendheid gaf. De door Frege gehanteerde tweedimensionale notatie heeft echter nooit veel ingang gevonden en wordt tegenwoordig niet gebruikt. Van 1890 tot 1905 publiceerde Ernst Schröder in drie delen zijn Vorlesungen über die Algebra der Logik, waarin het werk van Boole, De Morgan en Peirce werd samengevat.

Symbolische logica werd door Giuseppe Peano wiskundige logica genoemd. De klassieke versie ervan is vergelijkbaar met de logica van Aristoteles, hoewel men symbolen in plaats van natuurlijke taal gebruikt.

Terwijl tijdens de Griekse ontwikkeling van de logica grote waarde werd gehecht aan de argumentatieformuleringen, kan men de huidige wiskundige logica omschrijven als de studie van de inhoud door het leggen van combinaties. Daaronder vallen zowel de syntactische, het onderzoek van de formele tekenreeksen, als ook de semantische, het toewijzen van betekenis aan deze tekenreeksen, combinaties.

Historische publicaties van betekenis zijn het Begriffsschrift (Beschrijving der Begrippen) van Gottlob Frege, Studies in Logic (Studie in de Logica) van Charles Peirce, Principia Mathematica van Bertrand Russell en Alfred North Whitehead en Onvolledigheidsstellingen van Kurt Gödel. Voluit heet het werk van Gödel: Über formal unentscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme I.

Grondslagtheorie

De bezorgdheid dat er iets mis was met de basis waarop de wiskunde was gebaseerd was de aanleiding voor het ontwikkelen van axiomatische methoden met betrekking tot fundamentele onderdelen van de wiskunde zoals de rekenkunde, analyse en meetkunde.

In de logica verwijst rekenkunde naar de theorie van natuurlijke getallen. Los van Frege publiceerde Giuseppe Peano in 1888 zijn werk dat bekend is geworden onder de naam axioma's van Peano en een variatie op het logische systeem van Boole en Schröder maar met toevoeging van kwantoren bevatte. In hetzelfde jaar stelde Richard Dedekind een alternatieve karakterisering voor waarin de formeel-logische axioma's van Peano ontbraken. Dedekind toonde onder andere aan dat natuurlijke getallen alleen worden gekenmerkt door hun inductieve eigenschappen.

Met betrekking tot de meetkunde werden er in de 19e eeuw fouten in de postulaten van Euclides vastgesteld, zoals de in 1826 door Nikolaj Lobatsjevski vastgestelde onafhankelijkheid van het parallellenpostulaat. Ook werd vastgesteld dat bepaalde theorema's die door Euclides als vanzelfsprekend werden beschouwd niet met behulp van de axiomatische methode konden worden bewezen, bijvoorbeeld de stelling dat een lijn ten minste twee punten bevat. In 1899 publiceerde Hilbert op basis van de in 1882 gepubliceerde axioma's van Pasch een hele reeks nieuwe geometrische axioma's die bekendstaan als de axioma's van Hilbert. Aangemoedigd door het succes hiervan besloot Hilbert om ook op zoek te gaan naar methoden voor andere onderwerpen binnen de wiskunde, zoals de natuurlijke getallen en de reële lijn. In de eerste helft van de 20e eeuw was er nog veel belangstelling voor dit onderzoek.

In de 19e eeuw werd veel nieuws ontdekt op het gebied van analyse, zoals de Fourierreeksen. Karl Weierstrass stelde onder andere de analyse-aritmisering voor, met behulp waarvan analyses op basis van de eigenschappen van natuurlijke getallen moesten worden geanalyseerd, de verzamelingenleer is hiervan het belangrijkste resultaat. De moderne "ε-δ"-definitie voor limieten en continue functies werd tussen 1817 en 1823 ontwikkeld door Bernard Bolzano en Augustin Louis Cauchy. In 1858 stelde Dedekind aan de hand van zijn Dedekindsnede een definitie van reële getallen voor, die nog steeds wordt gebruikt.

Georg Cantor legde de basis voor de theorieën over oneindige verzamelingen en kardinaliteit en bewees dat natuurlijke getallen verschillende kardinaliteiten hebben. Gedurende de volgende twintig jaar ontwikkelde Cantor in een reeks publicaties een theorie met betrekking tot transfiniete getallen. In 1891 voerde hij met zijn diagonaalbewijs nieuw bewijs aan voor de ontelbaarheid van reële getallen. Deze methode gebruikte hij vervolgens om zijn stelling te onderbouwen.

20e eeuw
In 1900 presenteerde Hilbert zijn bekend geworden lijst met 23 problemen. In het eerste decennium van de 20e eeuw richtte de wiskundige logica zich verder vooral op de verzamelingenleer en de formele logica.

Verzamelingenleer en paradoxen
Doordat er in de informele verzamelingenleer tegenstrijdigheden waren geconstateerd, werd de consistentie van de wiskunde als zodanig in twijfel getrokken. In 1904 leverde Ernst Zermelo met zijn keuzeaxioma het bewijs dat elke reeks goed geordend kon zijn. In 1908 leverde hij de eerste reeks axioma's voor de verzamelingenleer. Samen met het door Abraham Fraenkel voorgestelde axioma-schema voor vervanging is dit bekend geworden als de Zermelo–Fraenkel verzamelingenleer (ZF).

In 1910 werd het eerste deel van de Principia Mathematica van Russell en Alfred North Whitehead gepubliceerd, waarin theorieën over functies en kardinaliteit werden ontwikkeld binnen het kader van de typentheorie. Hoewel dit werk op zich geldt als een van de invloedrijkste publicaties van de 20e eeuw, heeft de typentheorie het als theoretische grondslag voor de wiskunde niet gered.

In 1922 bewees Fraenkel dat het keuzeaxioma niet kan worden bewezen op basis van de overgebleven axioma's van Zermelo's verzamelingenleer met de oerelementen. In 1966 toonde de wiskundige Paul Cohen aan dat de toevoeging van oerelementen niet nodig is en het keuzeaxioma in de ZF-verzamelingenleer niet te bewijzen is. Dit bewijs gaf aanleiding tot het ontwikkelen van de forcing-methode, die nu als hulpmiddel dient bij het bepalen van onafhankelijkheidsresultaten.

Symbolische logica
Leopold Löwenheim en Thoralf Skolem presenteerden rond 1920 de stelling van Löwenheim-Skolem. In 1929 kwam Gödel met zijn volledigheidsstelling, waarin een overeenkomst tussen syntaxis en semantiek op grond van de predicatenlogica werd vastgesteld. Op basis van de volledigheidsstelling onderbouwde Gödel ook de compactheidsstelling en hij toonde de finitistische aard van logische consequenties van de eerste orde aan, die de predicatenlogica centraal in de wiskunde stelde. In 1931 publiceerde Gödel zijn werk Principia Mathematica waarin de onvolledigheid van alle theorieën van de eerste orde werd aangetoond. Dit werk leidde tot de onvolledigheidsstellingen van Gödel. De voornaamste conclusie van Gödels werk is dat van geen enkel axiomasysteem, hoe consistent ook, de consistentie van dit systeem met behulp van het systeem zelf kan worden aangetoond. In 1936 bewees Gerhard Gentzen de consistentie van de rekenkunde aan de hand van een finitistisch systeem en het principe van transfiniete inductie. Hiermee introduceerde Gentzen het idee van de hoofdzin en de ordinale analyse, die zeer belangrijk zijn geworden in de bewijstheorie.

Propositielogica
De propositielogica, sterkere vormen van klassieke logica zoals de tweede orde logica of de niet-klassieke logica zoals het intuïtionisme worden eveneens onderzocht. De basis voor het intuïtionisme is gelegd door Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer, en hieruit vloeiden onder andere de wet van de uitgesloten derde en het door Arend Heyting ontwikkelde intuïtionisme voort. De filosofie van Brouwer was invloedrijk en zorgde voor menig verhit debat onder wiskundigen. Met behulp van de Brouwer-Heyting-Kolmogorovinterpretatie (BHK) en de Kripkemodellen werd het intuïtionisme weer met de klassieke wiskunde in overeenstemming gebracht.

Belangrijke resultaten
 De stelling van Löwenheim-Skolem (1919)
 De volledigheidsstelling (1929)
 De onvolledigheidsstelling (1931)
 De onmogelijkheid zeker te kunnen bepalen, dat van een algoritme de berekening eindigt, door Alan Turing en Alonzo Church in 1936 onafhankelijk van elkaar ontdekt.
 De onafhankelijkheid van de continuümhypothese van de Zermelo-Fraenkel-verzamelingenleer van Ernst Zermelo en Adolf Fraenkel; deze werd in 1963 door Paul Cohen bewezen.
 De algoritmische onoplosbaarheid van het 10e probleem van Hilbert werd in 1970 door Joeri Matijasevitsj aangetoond.

Literatuur
  Barwise, K.J. (1977): Handbook of Mathematical Logic, ISBN 0-444-86388-5
  Barwise, K.J. (1988): The Situation in Logic, ISBN 0-937073-32-6

Externe links
  Wiskundige logica over de hele wereld, lijst met wiskundige logicalinken
  Detlovs, Vilnis, en Podnieks, Karlis, Introduction to Mathematical Logic., e-book vanaf de Universiteit van Letland
  Stewart Shapiro, Klassieke logica, Stanford filosofische encyclopedie
  Wilfred Hodges Modeltheorie van de eerste orde, Stanford filosofische encyclopedie

Logica


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Watch D.Va's New Animated Short "Shooting Star" Now!
Today Blizzard released their latest animated Overwatch short, starring D.Va. Like every other one they've released so far, it's awesome. As someone who has put quite a few hours into playing D.Va, this makes me love her character even more.
March 28, 2018 In Video
S9 PLACEMENT WITH MOIRA! – Brian Plays Overwatch
Brian completes a few placement matches with Moira for Season 9 of competitive play.
About Overwatch:
Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment. It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. Overwatch assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as "heroes", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support. Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time. Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay, such as character skins and victory poses, as they play the game.
November 20, 2017 In Opinion
BlizzCon 2017 Was Amazing!
I had pretty high expectations for my fist BlizzCon, and they were exceeded in pretty much every way. From amazing esports events to interesting panels to big news reveals, BlizzCon packed a hell of a lot of content into two days.
As an Overwatch fan, there were several highlights for me. Being there for the reveal of new character Moira and the new Blizzard World map was a wonderful thing to experience with fellow fans (we got to go hands on with the new character and map later on). We even attended a panel where the devs walked through the design of Moira and how it had evolved over the course of the creative process. But the highlight for me was getting to watch a good portion of the Overwatch World Cup. The match between USA and South Korea was just insane, and the atmosphere reminded me of a WWE event.
On the panel side, there was a great Geek and Sundry panel about building community that really focused on the authenticity and genuine love that G&S was built with.
We got to play an exclusive Diablo III boss run, check out the new Kobolds & Catacombs Hearthstone dungeon run, watch some of the Heroes of the Storm championship and so much more.
And to top it all off, Muse closed the show with a full set, and they were fantastic.
I could not have had a better time at BlizzCon 2017, and I am definitely planning a return trip next year.
November 29, 2016 In Video
Overwatch: Practicing With Symmetra
I'm pretty methodical when it comes to learning a new Overwatch hero. I tend to focus on one for a while until I feel like I'm at least decent with that particular one before moving on. I've recently started learning Symmetra (even though she is changing soon), and this video features three matches with her.
If you enjoy this series, please leave a LIKE or comment on the video. Don't forget to subscribe!
November 7, 2016 In Opinion
Overwatch has Become My Shooter of Choice
After playing a couple promising levels of Battlefield 1's single-player campaign, I decided to jump over to multiplayer. While I hadn't played a lot of Battlefield 4's competitive modes, I've always been a fan of Battlefield and I spent quite a bit of time with Battlefield: Hardline's multiplayer. I've never been great at it (I'm just not that good of a shooter player), but I always enjoyed the class-based system of Battlefield and the fact that I could be rewarded for playing support characters. I came to prefer it over Call of Duty and halo, primarily for that reason.
But then Overwatch came along. And much like Dark Souls did with RPGs for awhile, Overwatch has kind of ruined other shooters for me right now.
It took me about three matches of Battlefield 1 multiplayer to get sick of the meat grinder that involved me spawning and being sniped or destroyed by an explosion within thirty seconds, only to rise and repeat for the duration. And even though I was in a squad, the tendency of a lot of players to lone wolf in the giant maps of battlefield means my support activities (healing, providing ammo) can rarely be maximized.
And so, it was back to Overwatch, where I am consistently rewarded for doing my job, and I can tangibly see the results of my contributions to the team. Whether I'm throwing up ice walls with Mei, keeping my teammates upright with Lucio, or making choke points impassable with Symmetra (who I am still learning), I get a lot of satisfaction in every match. Even in a loss it's easy to understand what went wrong and how I might have done something differently.
Not that other shooters don't reinforce team play. But with Overwatch, it's woven into the DNA of the game so much that if you're not interested in team play, the game really isn't for you. Sure, there are some classes that are more lone wolf than others, but succeeding in Overwatch means that each person has to fulfill their role. And I love that.
Notice I haven't even talked about the aesthetics of Overwatch, or the leveling and loot system. That because for me, all of those things are secondary to the core gameplay loop–work as a team, fulfill your role, be successful. I actually think the loot system is kind of broken, as the higher you level, the more frustrating it is to unlock items that you could care less about (sprays, skins for characters you never use, voice lines, etc.). It's my one real grip about the game. But the moment to moment gameplay is so well crafted, I really don't even care that much.
When From's Souls series arrived, it took a while before I could enjoy other RPGs again without constantly comparing them to Demon's Souls and Dark Souls. I find myself in a similar place now with Overwatch. Battlefield 1 is not enough to pull me away, and I don't think Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare will be, either. And with Overwatch's new character Sombra being announced this week, the game just keeps giving players reasons to be excited about it. I don't see me putting Overwatch down anytime soon.
July 28, 2016 In Podcast
Co-Op Critics Podcast–Overwatch
In the latest episode of the Co-Op Critics podcast, Brian and Nick discuss our game of the month, Overwatch, look at some of August's releases, and talk about what else they're playing for the rest of the summer.
You can listen to the episode right here in the player above, or check us out on iTunes and Spreaker. You can also listen to back episodes on our podcast page. We'll be catching up on a bunch of games over the remainder of the summer, so check out the YouTube page for all kids of videos and discussion.
July 10, 2016 In Convention, News
The Gaming Cosplay of ConnectiCon 2016
This weekend I was at ConnectiCon in Hartford Connecticut, a great show I've attended for years in my local area. Of all the shows I attend on a yearly basis (including NYCC), ConnectiCon always has the best cosplays, hands down. This year was no exception. Here are just some of the amazing cosplays I saw at the show.READ MORE
June 24, 2016 In Video
Brian Plays Overwatch–Mei
Overwatch is our game of the month for June, and we've been having a blast with it. Mei is currently Brian's favorite character, and in this video he plays some random matches with her.
May 10, 2016 In Opinion, Video
Beta Impressions: Overwatch (Xbox One)
Blizzard's upcoming team-based shooter Overwatch had an open beta this past weekend, and both Nick and I spent some time with it. In the video above, you'll see Nick playing quite a bit with Hanzo, and having a good about of success. Hanzo is one of the Defense class characters, a bowman who is rated as one of the more difficult characters to play. He also spend a little time with Tracer, and Offense character who wields dual pistols.READ MORE
E3 2019: My Highlight from the Bethesda Presser–Fallout 76 Wastelanders June 11, 2019
E3 2019: My Highlight From The XBox Presser–12 Minutes June 10, 2019
Into the Depths: Brian Plays Below June 9, 2019
Expedition: Exclusive Begins Soon! June 9, 2019
Interview Rewind–Talking Crackdown 2 With Ruffian Games March 10, 2019
Archives Select Month June 2019 (4) March 2019 (3) February 2019 (2) January 2019 (3) September 2018 (1) August 2018 (4) June 2018 (4) April 2018 (1) March 2018 (5) February 2018 (1) January 2018 (3) December 2017 (2) November 2017 (5) October 2017 (2) September 2017 (6) August 2017 (4) June 2017 (8) May 2017 (7) April 2017 (1) March 2017 (6) February 2017 (4) January 2017 (3) December 2016 (2) November 2016 (5) October 2016 (5) September 2016 (3) August 2016 (5) July 2016 (8) June 2016 (4) May 2016 (9) April 2016 (6) March 2016 (11) February 2016 (15) January 2016 (8) December 2015 (10) November 2015 (5) October 2015 (9) September 2015 (4) August 2015 (13) July 2015 (7) June 2015 (4) May 2015 (5) April 2015 (4) March 2015 (5) February 2015 (11) January 2015 (10) December 2014 (3) November 2014 (1) October 2014 (1) September 2014 (6) August 2014 (2) July 2014 (6) June 2014 (7) May 2014 (7) April 2014 (4) March 2014 (5) February 2014 (7) January 2014 (6) December 2013 (4) October 2013 (3) September 2013 (3) August 2013 (5) July 2013 (5) June 2013 (4) May 2013 (5) April 2013 (6) March 2013 (9) February 2013 (15) January 2013 (10) December 2012 (13) November 2012 (19) October 2012 (5) September 2012 (6) August 2012 (9) July 2012 (2) July 2011 (2) June 2011 (1) May 2011 (4) April 2011 (1) March 2011 (2)
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Solution to Isheri flooding beyond Ogun Govt., Says Gov. Abiodun
Gov Abiodun
The Ogun State Governor, Prince Dapo Abiodun, has lamented and expressed frustration over the flooded Isheri North on Ogun's border with Lagos State by the Lagos-Ibadan expressway and other affected areas in the state, pledging to ensure declaration of emergency on the disaster.
The governor made the disclosure while receiving a four-man team of the African Finance Corporation led by the Senior Director, Mr. Taiwo Adeniji, in Abeokuta.
According to the Governor the Isheri flood problem was beyond the State and the deplorable state of the Atan-Lusada-Agbara road which plays host to over 70 industries manufacturing various consumer goods being distributed across the country is worse than a nightmare whenever it rains.
"I stopped by at Isheri where we have lots of Estates and the state of road infrastructure is deplorable. Currently, the place is totally flooded and the entire estates have been submerged. I told the flood victims that this place require for us to declare a state of emergency and we are actually going to do that because the problem is beyond the State".
He also revealed that his government had since realized that the biggest issues for the people of the state was the state of infrastructures, especially the state ecology and bad road network.
"The area is mixed with industries and residential estates. There is a lot of development going on there and people have abandoned their houses, beautiful houses. This is because the roads are none existing, there are no drainages, houses are built on flood plains, so we need help", he pleaded on the flooded Isheri Estate.
He said the State has a lot of infrastructural challenges being the closest to the biggest economy in the country, adding that the task now was how to provide water, electricity, good roads and other amenities to those who choose to live and invest in the State.
He commended the financial institution for showing interest in partnering with the State to address infrastructural deficiency, saying that he was happy with choices of roads which the Corporation has indicated interest in.
Residents, commuters and motorist plying the Atan-Lusada-Agbara route have for over six years been lamenting about the hardship they are facing as a result of the poor state of the road traversing the areas.
Also the industries in Atan-Agbara axis said the deplorable state of the roads has become a major hindrance to productivity, which they said had not only become a nightmare but a threat to their existence as goods worth hundreds of millions of naira are lost to frequent accidents on the road.
Forfeiture order on Aluko's properties in order, says CACOL
I was raped daily, says woman rescued from illegal Kwara rehab centre


This cute Paw Print Paper Merchandise Bag has an adorable paw print pattern. It is ideal for packaging small products and the bag is food safe for items like cookies and brownies. The best part is that it is eco-friendly! Bags do not come with a liner. All bag dimensions are subject to a +/- 1/4" width and length variation.


"Declarative prayer simply means that once we know God's heart on an issue, we boldly pray that it will be so, and then walk in faith that it is already so - even if the answer is not yet visible."
The scene was absolutely breathtaking. Situated on the side of a mountain in an apartment, we didn't initially realize where we were living. That is until we took an elevator down several stories, walked down a long series of steps, and out the gate into a curved street that is so typical in Spain. As we walked, I looked up with a gasp at the very place where we were living. High up was the balcony of our apartment protruding out the side of a mountain. It looked so small and vulnerable seated among a number of mountain cliffs. For a few days we actually were living on a cliff!
Now I don't personally like cliffs but I do love high places because I love to pray high up where I can see a great distance of landscape and trees. And this place was perfect for that! The view was out of this world. The sky was blue and the sea was the richest color of blue-green that you had ever seen. On one side were the Sierra Nevada Mountains painting half the scenery and on the other side was the Mediterranean Sea. We were sandwiched directly in the middle.
"This is a place of faith. It's time to say to this mountain, 'Be removed and be thrown into the sea!'"
We had been going through a particularly difficult time regarding our future. Not knowing which way to go and feeling bombarded by attacks from the enemy at every turn, it was an important declaration when our faith seemed at low ebb.
But as we declared God's Word directed by His Spirit, all of a sudden our faith began to rise! We began to believe God for greater things in prayer. Hope began to fill our hearts and our prayers became more forceful. We realized afresh the importance of declaring God's truth out loud for spiritual breakthrough.
Declarative prayer is a dynamic way to pray strategically. We must be willing to learn to wait to hear the Lord's voice if we want to pray declarative prayers. We must know the Lord's timing and voice. It can't be our personal desire. It's not a name it, claim it prayer. It must be God, because He always has a plan. As His ambassadors and representatives on earth, we are to stand in the gap in prayer for others (Ezekiel 22:30). As we obey and pray His Word, God wants to use us to bring healing on the earth.
"Intercessors should be able to hear God speak. As He speaks, He will reveal areas that need prayer, strategies to overcome the enemy, actions or declarations to break the power of hindrance, and even reveal the sources of warfare. Victory can be obtained through obedience to the Word of the Lord."
Declarative prayer claims supernatural intervention from God on God's terms, not ours. Our faith for declarative prayer comes from God and not our own efforts - God works through our faith - He is the object and source of it. It's not about our faith, our own effort and abilities or anything else. It's all about God. He calls forth what doesn't exist in the natural realm (Romans 4:17).
Matthew 16:19 says, "I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven." God does the binding in heaven, and then we carry it out on earth. We receive the "rhema" word from the Bible. As we listen to God, our faith grows.
God wants us to use His word to release His will on the earth. In Genesis 1, the Spirit moved at God's Word. There is anointing on God's Word. Jesus resisted Satan by speaking God's Word in the desert (Matthew 4:4-10). Let's realize what God has made available to us if we will believe. He has given us the keys to His Kingdom.
• There is power in our words - "The Spirit gives life; the flesh counts for nothing. The words I have spoken to you are spirit and they are life" (John 6:63).
• Our words release life and death - "The tongue has the power of life and death, and those who love it will eat its fruit" (Proverbs 18:21).
• We must speak and declare God's Word - "It is written: 'I believed; therefore I have spoken.' With that same spirit of faith we also believe and therefore speak" (2 Corinthians 4:13).
When our hearts and our words agree with God's will, they release His power in a dramatic way. But if our words agree with Satan, we release his power. Declarative prayer affects the spirit and heavenly realm by binding demonic activity and loosing angelic activity. Jesus fights when we speak His Word in intercession and when we declare decrees according to His leading. He fights with the sword of His mouth (Revelation 2:16). We are to proclaim the decrees of the Lord. If we ask, He will give us the nations as our inheritance! (Psalm 2:7-8).
Listening to what God is saying is key. The Bible promises us in John 10:27 that God's sheep hear His voice. There are many examples of declarative prayer in the Bible. Jesus cursed the fig tree in Matthew 21:19, Ezekiel spoke to the dry bones in Ezekiel 37:4-9, and God told Moses to speak to the rock in Numbers 20:7-8. Jesus even taught us to speak to the mountains in our lives in Mark 11:23. This is what my husband did in that apartment in Spain.
• Am I giving glory to God or is this for my personal gain and desires? Faith declaring prayer is for the glory of God alone.
• Does my prayer expand God's Kingdom? Declarative prayers expand the Kingdom of God.
• What does God want to do in this situation? Declarative prayers pray God's will and His desires with faith.
• Are my motives pure and am I surrendered? Declarative prayers have pure motives (James 4:3).
• What are the promises of God in Scripture? Declarative prayers pray God's promises in His Word.
Do we realize the responsibility we have to determine what we do on earth for the Kingdom of God by our words? We read in Psalm 115:16 "The highest heavens belong to the Lord, but the earth he has given to man." We can pray and declare what God wants to release on earth and what is on His heart for the future. We can pray His promises onto the earth where we live and work. Job was instructed to pray and declare before God and it would be established (Job 22:22-28). That's powerful.
Are you living on a cliff in your life experience? Are you going through a difficult time where you don't know which way to go? Do you need a breakthrough? Perhaps it's time to speak to the mountains in your life through declarative prayer. Let's learn to ask God for greater faith to listen and pray His will on earth for His glory in our daily life experiences. And let's learn to walk in faith as we hold onto the promises that we have boldly prayed.
"When God puts a specific verse in my heart showing me how to pray for a particular situation, my faith is naturally heightened. To engage in listening prayer, receiving a precise Bible verse for a specific situation enables me to pray His will with His wisdom. 'so faith comes from hearing, and hearing by the (rhema) of Christ' (Romans 10:17). Hearing a specific word - a rhema - from God produces faith! Now that's worth waiting for."


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Lisa Loeb Receives GRAMMY Award Nomination For Feel What U Feel
Lisa Loeb's Amazon Original family album, Feel What U Feel was nominated for a GRAMMY Award on November 28. The announcement comes on the heels of two other Lisa Loeb musical releases with Amazon Music this year, including October's Lullaby Girl.
This is Loeb's second GRAMMY Award nomination; her first was for her hit song "Stay (I Missed You)" in 1995. Additionally, Bob Clearmountain also received a GRAMMY nomination as engineer of the Lisa Loeb and Nine Stories album Firecracker (1997).
Feel What U Feel is one of five albums nominated in the Best Children's Album category, and all of the 2018 nominees are listed now at www.grammy.com. The 60th GRAMMY Awards will be celebrated at New York's Madison Square Garden on Sunday, January 28. The children's album award winner will be announced that day during the Premiere Ceremony, prior to the national telecast on CBS. Additionally, Lisa Loeb will join other nominees for a public concert at Symphony Space, on Saturday, January 27, with ticket sales benefiting a children's music education charity. Details about the concert will be announced in December.
Lisa Loeb's Amazon Original family music album is available for streaming exclusively through Amazon Music Unlimited and Prime Music, as well as for digital download or physical purchase through Amazon Music:
www.amazon.com/FeelWhatUFeel
Feel What U Feel is one of several Amazon Original releases for kids and families. See the growing collection of content at: www.amazon.com/familymusic.
Over the past year, Feel What U Feel also received some of the top awards for family media: Parents' Choice, NAPPA, Family Choice and the American Library Association. Also with Amazon Music, Loeb has released Nursery Rhyme Parade! and Lullaby Girl, as well as the soundtrack to the Amazon Prime Original animated series, "If You Give a Mouse a Cookie."
Feel What U Feel features guest performances from Loeb's actor and musician friends, including: Craig Robinson (Mr. Robot, The Office), Ed Helms (The Hangover), Renee Stahl Dektor (of Renee & Jeremy), and Kyler England (The Rescues).
"I feel so proud and excited to be nominated for a GRAMMY Award, along with my fellow nominees in this category," says Loeb. "Last year, I sat down with my co-producer Rich Jacques, to make my second album for Amazon Music, and we decided that we wanted to create something for the entire family – not just for kids or just for grownups. I was inspired by classic children's music from the 1960s and 70s. I got to work with some of my favorite collaborators including Ed, Renee and Kyler, who help me make music that honors our feelings and helps folks notice the details of everyday life, remember that the small moments are special, and that offers a safe place for encouragement and acknowledgment. I also want to thank everyone at Amazon Music for supporting the creation of independent music."
Lisa Loeb's latest album, Lullaby Girl, was recently covered by Billboard, Entertainment Weekly, Variety and more. Watch her perform the album's title track on CONAN.
For a full Lisa Loeb bio, go to this link, and for more information about Lisa Loeb and her upcoming tour dates, please visit www.lisaloeb.com and follow @LisaLoeb on social media.
Tags Grammy lisa loeb nominations women in music
I have a degree in Visual Communication which included Creative Writing,Graphic Design, Photography, Illustration and Marketing. I am a Freelance Graphic Designer and have worked as an Art Director, Photographer and Art Teacher . I have a passion for anything that allows me to be express my creativity. @linita_masters
RED HOT CHILI PEPPERS RELEASE NEW MUSIC VIDEO FOR "GOODBYE ANGELS"
Madame Tussaud's Set to Host the 2017 Taste of the World Event #LATMTaste
Ho, Ho, Ho and happy holidays to you all, from the Hollywood 360. We had…
Award Winning 'The Dean's Office' Upcoming Encore Performance
Full Schedule Released For 2021 TCM Classic Film Festival
Multi-Grammy Award-Winning Artists, The Black Eyed Peas Perform Iconic Where is the Love Livestream Concert Live From the Pyramids in Egypt Via Livenow
Recording Academy Announces Special "GRAMMY Moments" To Take Place On The 62nd Annual GRAMMY Awards
Goo Goo Dolls Debut New Music Video For "Lost"
Pat Benatar to be Honored at the 2018 She Rocks Awards
GBK's Luxury Lifestyle Gift Lounge Honoring the 2017 Grammy's
LADY GAGA SET TO PERFORM WITH METALLICA AT THE 59TH ANNUAL GRAMMY AWARDS FEB. 12


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Members of Abbott House in Westchester, which is housing migrant children that were separated from their families from the Mexican border amid the recently rescinded Trump administration "zero tolerance" policy, are working to reunite the separated parties in their care.
Last week, elected officials in Irvington, led by Mayor Brian Smith, issued a joint statement on Friday on the migrant kids who are being housed at Abbott House off Route 9 (Broadway) in the village in Greenburgh as President Donald Trump continues to vacillate on his administration's immigration policies.
"The Irvington Board of Trustees joins many of you in our disgust and contempt for the 'zero tolerance' policy at the United States border with Mexico," they said in a statement. "The separation of children from their parents is abhorrent and runs counter to the very fabric of what makes America a beacon for justice and freedom to the world.
Kaufman said that when the children reach safety in the United States, the U.S. Border Patrol takes them into temporary custody and then in partnership with the Department of Health and Human Services, the Office of Refugee Resettlement places the children in short-term care in programs with organizations like Abbott House that are skilled at meeting the emotional and medical needs of children.
According to Kaufman, Abbot House, has "already been in contact with the majority of families."


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Seredneakî (în ) este o comună în raionul Hadeaci, regiunea Poltava, Ucraina, formată din satele Jovtneve, Konovalove, Seredneakî (reședința), Vethalivka și Vîrișalne.

Demografie

Conform recensământului din 2001, majoritatea populației comunei Seredneakî era vorbitoare de ucraineană (%), existând în minoritate și vorbitori de rusă (%).

Note

Seredneakî, Hadeaci, Poltava
Seredneakî, Hadeaci, Poltava
Seredneakî, Hadeaci, Poltava

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Every reader is a Superman living in the mask of a Clark Kent. Their super power – a secret love affair since the day they opened a book. It went on from meeting up with a loyal friend to having heart to heart conversations with a lover willing to take you on a date when you feel like it.
It makes you steal moments from your busy day at work and tiring human interactions to listen to this lover passionately talk about war, revolution, strikes, jealousy, love… Only to come back energized, ready to take on the world.
Oh! The blush on my cheeks? One of the characters just said something very nice.
You yearn to go back home to shed the cloak of extroversion you have donned – for that is what it takes to make yourself heard.
You wish the world goodnight and settle with that book in bed, like cuddling with a forbidden lover who whispers into your ear everything about what happens next. He waits while you gasp, chuckle, shed a few tears; together, both of you paint a world so intimate – for only the union of that author and you could have brought that masterpiece to life.
When you read an author, you read the language of his soul (even after his death) – you get a peek into its depth, for words so powerful could not have been written half heartedly. Something probably only a few got to see during his time. This beautiful saga continues till your eyes feel heavy with the weight of slumber, until sleep takes you away as one of its own.
For an introvert like me, books are a safe haven. They don't expect me to open my soul, while they peel theirs down layer by layer. They don't mind my awkwardness when I meet them the first time or the long, long time I take to break the ice.
So when my friends go on dates and fall in love with colleagues at work, I have breakfast with Scott Fitzgerald, lunch with Han Kang and dine with Khaled Hosseini.
You call this an awkward introvert's sad life, I call it my secret love affair.
Asimov and Enid Blyton saw me through breast feeding. I would have gone insane waking up every two hours, if I did not have good books to wake up to while I fed my infant.


Dirt in the morning. Dirt in the evening.
If I can ignore just for a moment the why behind how incredible our fall has been, I must say that our warmish and beautiful fall has been a huge boon to my riding. There is nothing I like more than cool riding with wool and knickers, especially when you couple it with autumn colors, cameras, and coffee.
Yesterday was one of those days. It was a dirt in the morning and a dirt in the evening kind of day. Coffee in the morning. Beer in the evening. Stunning light and good friends on both ends. Just too good to ignore and too good not to share. Hope you all got out too.
My new Salsa Cycles Deadwood. The best darn river bottoms, monster truck, ramblin and Jammin bike I have built yet. I can't even tell you how good this bike feels.
Pretty darned excited about my new coffee cup I got from Onyx Coffee Lab in Fayettville, AR last weekend.
It's got to be the shoes. Barry joined us as well. He's got nice shoes.
Motion, color and incredible light. Bummed I missed critical focus on this but I liked the shot anyway. Still tells a story.
Our ride ended in perfect light and a quick beer stop before heading home.
The Deadwood looks like a ton of fun! Didn't they drop that model this year?
The deadwood s awesome and was always intended to be a limited edition. The new Salsa Fargo has 27.5+ compatibility.


My dash air will blow snow flakes when I'm tooling around at 45-50.. But when I hit the big road at 65-70 it hardly cools at all . Any ideas why this is happening? Thanks !
Do you have the dash control set on recirculate or fresh air? Perhaps the fresh air is hot and humid enough that it's tougher to cool. Also, at faster speeds, you are circulating engine anti-freeze at a faster rate/higher pressure. If your heater control valve is allowing hot coolant into the heater core, you'd be canceling out the A/C. Try pinching off a heater hose with a set of vice grips and see if cooling improves. If it does, either adjust, replace heater control valve OR install a simple ball valve shut off in the hose to the heater core. Shut it off for summer and when you don't need warm air for defrost.
Full timing in the West.
The connection you have circled is a high pressure air conditioning hose. So is the one the blue line is leading to. You can tell they are high pressure because of the metal crimped connectors between the rubber hose and the metal tube leading to the A/C fitting. The heater hose(s) are to the right of that circle. It really doesn't matter which hose you put the valve in, it will stop circulation of coolant through the heater core. Those hoses are clamped by the pinch spring clamps.
The black plastic ball with the question mark is the vacuum reservoir, it stores up vacuum to operate the plenum doors to divert air flow from floor, dash, and defrost.


Riverbed Application Performance Platform Opens Communications Pipeline, Slashes Networking Costs and Speeds Resolution of Performance Issues.
Murphy Pipe and Civil is a leading Australian pipeline construction company for the energy, water and mining sectors. The company is responsible for provisioning the entire upstream gas-gathering network across the Surat Basin gas fields—the largest gas-gathering network of its kind in Australia.
Murphy Pipe and Civil has approximately 600 employees spread across 11 offices in Australia and three locations in the United States. During the course of pipeline construction, many of these offices need to be quickly relocated as stages of the project are completed.
Not only do pipeline construction projects traverse extremely remote regions of the Australian Outback with little to no existing infrastructure, but IT personnel are sometimes given only a few days' notice that an office site needs to be moved.
With no other options at the time, Carroll said the group tried to use alternative connectivity methods, but none could provide the performance required—often leaving office sites with limited access to communications technology.
"At some sites, we would use satellite technology but it was high-latency, high-cost and its performance was poor. We wanted to remove all our reliance on satellite—it is our last option before we revert to carrier pigeons—and find a more dynamic way to keep our offices connected," Carroll said.
Carroll said there were a number of key challenges the solution had to overcome: it had to be deployed with just a few days' notice, operate in isolated regions with little other communications infrastructure, and enable Murphy Pipe and Civil to run all of its applications centrally from its Brisbane-based data centres.
Also, because the company had no formal network monitoring or reporting mechanisms, the network and all the company's applications would need to be mapped to identify how to best optimise performance.
The first step was to understand the current state of the network and to locate any problems and bottlenecks that needed to be fixed. Together with managed network services partner CDM, Murphy Pipe and Civil used Riverbed SteelCentral performance management solutions to gain the end-to-end visibility needed to quickly identify and remediate issues that were encountered during the overhaul.
With no prior reporting framework in place, this initial network reconnaissance was critical to understanding the exact issues impacting network performance.
"Before we started to explore acceleration, we had to get the lay of the land when it came to our network—with SteelCentral we had the end-to-end visibility to see exactly what needed to be fixed," Carroll said.
Having identified and addressed his network visibility issues, Carroll looked to another component of the Riverbed Application Performance Platform to solve his other challenge: network connectivity issues.
WAN (wide area network) optimisation with Riverbed SteelHead was the best fit for Carroll as it would not only greatly increase network performance, but would also minimise both bandwidth demands and the amount of hardware required at remote sites.
SteelHead has removed the need for a number of other hardware components. So not only has the size of the connectivity boxes—which provide all the IT to remote sites—greatly decreased, but it has also made setup much simpler.
"The connectivity box has gone from being a large, unwieldy box full of servers that required four people just to lift it, to being the size of a small suitcase. It now has just a SteelHead, a router, and a few other pieces and it allows us to deploy an entire office environment in minutes—they're pre-configured so we literally plug it in and get to work," Carroll said.
The ability to centralise all of the organisation's applications at the data centre has also greatly simplified network management and allowed Murphy Pipe and Civil to expand and open offices in the US.
According to Carroll: "This architecture has allowed us to host absolutely everything centrally: unified communications, ERP systems, SharePoint—all the usual applications.
Through the ongoing use of SteelCentral performance monitoring, Murphy Pipe and Civil's managed service partner, CDM, can quickly identify if the relocation of a server into the core has been successful. If there is any impact on other applications or network performance, QoS settings can be swiftly changed to ensure that certain business-critical applications are prioritised over other traffic.
Not only has the Riverbed Application Performance Platform enabled Murphy Pipe and Civil to rapidly provision remote offices along the length of a pipeline project, but connectivity at the sites now allows employees to work as if they were in a capital city rather than a far-flung locale.
"The biggest impact this has had is that we now have phone systems at the remote sites. We have teleconferencing which allows the sites to communicate with each other and with head office—before this, our only office with telephony was in Brisbane.
"This now gives us a great deal of confidence when we compete for a tender. We are up against some of the largest firms in the world and I have no qualms standing in front of our CEO and saying that our connectivity is as good as—if not better than—our competitors," Carroll said.
Additionally, if any application or network issues arise, SteelCentral alerts network engineers in real time, which allows performance levels to be maintained—all without end users ever noticing a difference. Prior to the implementation of SteelCentral, a field technician may have been required to troubleshoot issues, often taking multiple hours just to arrive on-site. Now, the vast majority of performance issues can be resolved centrally by CDM.
With the exact cause of performance degradations now easily identifiable, CDM can quickly notify the relevant party in order to begin remediation when the cause is beyond CDM's remit—when the fault is with Murphy Pipe and Civil's carrier network, for example. Previously, the identification process itself would have taken days, whereas now it can be done in minutes through SteelCentral's full-distance network visibility.


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Change Speakers
Andrea Slattery
Andrea, a visionary thinker in financial services and superannuation, offers compelling insights into corporate strategies, leadership and cross industry transformation. In conjunction with her Board appointments and involvement in innovation, technology and human resources, she focuses on how businesses can most effectively engage with their customers and clients via multi-channel and new age service models.
Starting her career in accounting and academia, for the past 14 years, as Founder, Managing Director and CEO of the SMSF Association, Andrea has built a national and international reputation as a prime mover in building Australia's superannuation and retirement income systems to be the third best in the world.
She is recognised as a thought leader in Australia's Superannuation and Finance Service sectors and is the face and voice of SMSF. Andrea is significantly involved in the Finance and SMSF sectors, building integrity, best practice standards for advice, education, and advocacy through her participation in and membership of a range of advisory committees to Government, Treasury and the Regulators.Andrea was awarded 'Woman of the Year' – Money Management | Super Review, Australian Women in Financial Services Awards 2014.
As the face of the SMSF Industry she has a significant experience speaking to CEOs and industry leaders and is a commanding on-stage presence.
Andrew Bayly
Andrew Bayly is an actor with an MBA. He consults to many leading companies in the areas of leadership, strategic communication, influence and behavioural change. He keeps up to date with scientific research into the brain and human behaviour, to assist his clients to achieve more themselves, and to be more engaging and more influential. Andrew's meetings are highly interactive. Andrew is a hig ...
Andrew Sparks
Andrew Sparks is a peak performance expert, motivational speaker and coach to business leaders, athletes and aspiring achievers. His mission is to create positive change in the world by enabling individuals and teams to excel in all areas. Following Andrew's own life turnaround, he now teaches others the strategies that helped him personally make massive change, such, that today he is a recognise ...
Andy Lark
Andy Lark is a globally recognised and awarded marketer and leader in social and digital technologies building and running some of the world's most successful brands. For the past two decades, Andy has worked alongside CEOs and their leadership teams to define - and then attain - digital and brand greatness for their institutions. He is an internationally acclaimed keynote speaker. From industry conferences to internal events and team workshops, Andrew is relied on for his inspiring insights on technology and consumer trends.
CEOs / Entrepreneurs
Anna Rose is co-founder and Chair of the Australian Youth Climate Coalition, a movement of over 70,000 young people working to solve climate change before it's too late. She is the former Environment Minister's joint Young Environmentalist of the Year and a Fellow of the International Youth Foundation. Anna's climate change work started with shoveling compost and emptying recycling bins in high sc ...
Anthony Bonnici
Anthony is a charismatic, dynamic & super energetic presenter who will leave your audience begging for more. Anthony has 13 years experience in corporate Australia in sales, marketing & people management roles. In addition to face to face selling for 4 years, Anthony turned 'middle of the road' sales teams into high performing teams as well as looking after marketing teams with brands worth over $ ...
Arthur Carmazzi
Arthur F. Carmazzi has 19 years experience specializing in psychological approaches to persuasion and culture transformation within organizations. He is a renowned speaker in the Asian Region and is the principle founder of the "Directive Communication" discipline. Arthur has advanced the Corporate Training industry with innovative experiential techniques that have been acknowledged by some of the ...
Ashley Fell
Ashley Fell is a social researcher, TEDx speaker and Head of Communications at the internationally recognised McCrindle. As a trends analyst and media commentator she understands how to effectively communicate across diverse audiences. From her experience in managing media relations, social media platforms and content creation, Ashley advises on how to achieve cut through in message-saturated times.
Avis Mulhall
Avis Mulhall is a respected expert on social enterprise and collaborative consumption. She is the co-founder of global social travel network mmMule.com, creator of Sydney's change-maker community Think Act Change and founder of Looloo Paper - a toilet paper business that uses its profits to improve sanitation in developing countries. ...
Barbara Glanz
Barbara Glanz, CSP, works with organizations that want to improve morale, retention and service and with people who want to rediscover the joy in their work and in their lives. She is the author of six best-selling HOW-TO books. She is known as the business speaker who speaks to your heart as well as to your head, and she has presented to conferences, associations, and organizations worldwide. ...


Nationality laws in 27 countries worldwide prevent mothers from passing their nationality to their children on an equal basis with fathers. Over 60 countries deny female citizens equal rights with male citizens in their ability to acquire, change and retain their nationality, and to confer nationality to non-national spouses.
This discrimination results in significant human rights violations and suffering for individuals and families, contributing to a myriad of problems, including: statelessness; lack of access to public education, health care and other services; child marriage; increased risk of gender-based violence; unemployment and poverty.
These laws are also in contradiction to state commitments to a number of international conventions, including the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the Beijing Platform for Action.
During our March 12th event, leading activists and scholars will discuss the costs of these damaging laws, lessons learned from successful advocacy efforts, and the path to achieving equal nationality rights for women and men. We hope you will join us for this important discussion.
Equal nationality rights for equal citizens, women and men.
The Global Campaign for Equal Nationality Rights is a coalition of international and national organizations that promotes gender equality in nationality laws, so that women and men can confer, acquire, change and retain their nationality on an equal basis. The Campaign includes a Steering Committee of Equality Now, Equal Rights Trust, the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, UNHCR, UN Women and Women's Refugee Commission.


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Sept. 14 — Carpenter Technology Corp. joined the parade and decided it's time to get out of the defined benefit pension plan game.
The company announced Sept. 14 that it is freezing its defined benefit plan and moving participants to the 401(k) plan. The defined benefit plan was closed to new entrants in 2012. The company said it expects up to a $45 million reduction in its annual net pension expense as a result of the move.
Pension plan de-risking—whereby employers take actions designed to reduce or eliminate the pension plan liability on their balance sheets—has become an increasingly popular transaction in recent years. Some blame the rising premiums that must be paid to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation for the moves plans are making with their defined benefit plans. Other observers cite the impending changes to the Internal Revenue Service's mortality tables that could hike pension funding liabilities by as much as 10 percent.
Forms of de-risking include offering lump-sum payments to participants or transferring liabilities to a third-party insurer that makes benefit payments on behalf of the employer. In the past month, HP Inc., Briggs & Stratton Corp., and TJX Cos. have offered lump-sum payouts to current and former employees and Scholastic Corp. announced it was closing its cash balance pension plan.
In a 2015 survey on pension plan de-risking from Prudential Financial Inc., one-quarter of private plans said they're considering transferring risk to a third-party insurer.
Mercer's 2015 Pension Risk Survey found that 49 percent of executives said they're "likely" or "very likely" to consider lump-sum de-risking transactions "in the near term" and 36 percent said they were "likely" or "very likely" to consider annuity transfers.
De-risking practices have been a source of concern for the Obama administration. The Labor Department's ERISA Advisory Council examined the issue last year and the Treasury Department issued guidance that stopped the offer of lump-sum pension payments in lieu of annuities for participants already in pay status.
Text of the announcement is at http://ir.cartech.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=64522&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=2201739.


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What Does Guanacaste Gain and Lose with the Reservoir Inside the Lomas Barbudal Reserve?
By María Fernanda Cruz Chaves
The reserve extends for 3030 hectares. It creates a biological corridor with El Pelón de la Bajura mountains and Palo Verde National Park.
Orlando Ordóñez stops his vehicle at an intersection and says in a low voice, as though he doesn't want anyone else to hear, that this is where they hide when they come to catch hunters. "We all run out together because if we don't, they'll escape."
Hunting, logging and fishing are illegal on the 3,030 hectares (7,487 acres) of the Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve. This park guard and two other officials dedicate 10 of every 15 days of their lives to this protected land. "Sometimes 11 or 12," says Manrique Montes, manager and park ranger in this protected area. "We don't have enough resources and that endangers conservation areas and their sustainability," he adds.
Meanwhile, hundreds of miles from here, legislators are voting a law that also puts part of the reserve at risk, but that, on the other hand, will give the state the resources to take better care of this protected area.
The law, called the "modification of boundaries in Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve for the development of the project to supply water to the Tempisque river basin and coastal communities (Paacume)" will allow the flooding of 113 hectares —3.7% of the reserve— and require the state to compensate for the flooding with neighboring properties in order to mitigate the environmental damage.
The National Water, Irrigation and Drainage Service (Senara), the institution spearheading Paacume, presented the environmental impact studies in 2017. The study explains how the damage caused by the Río Piedras Reservoir will be compensated for.
The project has to bring more officials to the reserve. There are so few of us that we have gone from being the watchdogs to being the watched." Manrique Montes. Manager of the Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve.
The law have received a warm welcome in Congress and have already been approved. But there is strong opposition from a growing group of environmentalists who are pushing for further studies showing the true mitigation of the damage. They also question the necessity of developing the reservoir.
Sitting on a bench inside the reserve's house, Manrique Montes says that they did everything they could to prevent the flooding, but, as it is now practically a done deal, they reviewed the studies that show the damage mitigation. They know that the state will have to invest more in the reserve once the project is approved, which will improve the amount of available resources to fight crime inside the protected area.
Amid such divided positions, The Voice of Guanacaste created a summary of what the province will gain and what it will lose as it cedes a part of its biodiversity to the reservoir.
1. Affected animals
"They are going to flood little by little so the majority of animals can leave," says Orlando Ordóñez as he walks along one of the trails in Lomas Barbudal. "Some will certainly die, but we are going to try and save the majority."
Senara confirmed that they will design a management plan before starting construction of the reservoir and that they will have a biologist and a veterinarian to move animal species.
According to a study by the Organization for Tropical Studies (OET) the largest plot of land that the state will buy only contains between 50 to 55 percent of the mammal species and trees inside the reserve and between 62 to 79 percent of bird species, arthropods (different families of insects) and amphibians.
The study also shows that some species are already accustomed to moving between the neighboring lands and the reserve, such as the white-headed capuchin monkey.
Loss of primary forest
The main property to be bought doesn't contain gallery forest, which is a corridor of trees that forms around rivers, while on the land that will be flooded contains 30 hectares of this type of forest.
"In general, the potential flood zone in Lomas Barbudal has a larger structure, more dominant trees, biomass and potential for carbon capturing," the document indicates.
In order to compensate for the smaller amount of biodiversity on the compensatory property, OET recommends buying more than triple the number of flooded hectares (530 hectares or 1,309 acres in total) and include another two properties where there is primary forest around the rivers.
But environmentalists worry that there aren't enough in-depth studies about the biodiversity on the other plots of land. The OET studies recommend including one of these properties as part of the compensation, but states that the analysis of the zone is preliminary and based on one field observation.
Another one of ecologists' criticisms is that the state doesn't have enough money to buy the neighboring properties and that the owners of the properties has given higher numbers than those budgeted. According to Senara, the increase in price is due to the fact that property owners are requesting the inclusion of a luxury home on one of the properties in the expropriation.
In a statement, Senara said that the $1.6 billion they have to buy the land is enough to pay for it all. Marin Coto, director of engineering and project development for the institution, said that once the project becomes law, they will begin expropriating these 1,309 acres in order to buy them before they start construction on the project.
The three officials who work in the reserve do literally everything. They watch from a tower for potential forest fires, they seek out volunteers to maintain trails, they attend to the public visiting the reserve and researches that come to study it, they chase hunters, file criminal complaints with the Attorney General's Office and, in general, look over more than 3,000 hectares of forest.
The excessive workload due to a lack of resources puts the sustainability of the reserve at risk, according to administrator Manrique Montes. For him, the megaproject is going to attract the eyes of visitors and must come with more resources to strengthen supervision, and not just over the area that they already have but also over new areas and the project itself.
The bill, that received final debate this Thursday, September 6th, indicates that 50 percent of the water tax charged by the Environment and Energy Ministry will go to the National System of Conservation Areas in order to implement the General Plan for Management and Sustainable, Rational Use. But it doesn't mention greater allotment of resources for the reserve.
A new wetland
Once construction is finished, the law requires the reservoir to be set up as a wetland ecosystem. The OET study suggests declaring it a wildlife refuge and recommends maintaining a forested rim of native species around it without affecting the extraction of water.
Water for farmers and hotels
Large cane plantations are found around the reserve.
Paacume will distribute water through the construction of an irrigation canal, taking it to communities, planted land and coastal zones for hotel developments. While it will reserve two metric meters per second for human consumption, executive president of the Costa Rica Aqueducts and Sewers Institute, Yamileth Astorga, said in an interview with this newspaper that water from Paacume won't be needed for human consumption for another couple decades.
Another one of the criticisms from the group of environmentalists that is pushing to declare the project unconstitutional is that half of the water is going to be used for sugarcane crops belonging to big business owners.
"The whole project seems to only benefit a few sugarcane growers and real estate developers that are going to use public funds to grow their businesses with the excuse of bringing water to Guanacaste," the Front for Protected Wildlife Areas said in a statement.
In response to this criticism, Senara says that small landowners will proportionally receive more water than large landowners since large landowners have greater capacity for installing irrigation techniques that take greater advantage of water. The fee will also be different. According to the institution, they are working on a rate determined by volume and not by the number of flooded hectares in order to encourage responsible consumption of the liquid.
The Promesano Indians: A resilient tradition of Guanacaste at risk
The women who preserve the flavors of Guanacaste


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Miami Christian Lawyers
Miami Christian Divorce Lawyers
Find the right Christian Divorce attorney in Miami, FL
Christian Divorce Lawyers in Miami
You may be particularly looking for a Christian divorce attorney in Miami, Florida. For many, divorce is a very sensitive subject that needs to be handled by a lawyer with a similar outlook and perspective as them. It makes no sense to hire a lawyer who doesn't understand your aims and values in a divorce setting.
Most traditional search options are limited in that they don't inform you about a particular lawyer's moral stance or background on certain issues. For example, when it comes to divorce or separation, you probably can't learn much about a lawyer's views through a phone book ad.
Christian divorce attorneys in Miami, Florida can provide you with much-needed legal assistance. The laws on divorce in Florida may be very different from the laws in a nearby area. Specifically speaking, subjects such as the distribution of property, and options for no-fault divorce can be unique to each jurisdiction. Therefore, it's very important that you work only with a Christian divorce attorney who has experience working with the laws in your region.
Do's and Don'ts of Divorce in Miami, Florida
Divorce laws in Miami can sometimes be intricate. A qualified Christian divorce attorney in Miami, Florida can provide you with important legal advice to help you during your challenging circumstances, without compromising your beliefs and values. For example, it's helpful to understand some "Do's and Don'ts" when undergoing the divorce process. A5=DO: Be considerate and respectful of the other party. The divorce process will be more efficient and will run much more smoothly if you can communicate effectively with the other partner. Also, failing to disclose information when requested will only make things more difficult for the court.
How Can a Miami Christian Divorce Lawyer Help?
Christian attorneys can be located in Miami through the services of LegalMatch. We ensure that you are matched with only the most experienced, qualified lawyer for your divorce claim. If require quick legal attention, post your case today through LegalMatch to be matched with a Christian attorney in Miami, Florida.
Life in Miami
Miami is the seat of Miami-Dade County and the city with the 9th largest population in the entire United States with over 2.5 million Florida residents. In addition to the massive population, Miami is one of the most popular tourist destinations. It's the United States' 5th richest city and was voted "America's Cleanest City" by Forbes Magazine. The Port of Miami is the number one cruise passenger port on the globe earning Miami the title of "Cruise Capital of the World." Miami does not disappoint with attractions. The Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts ranks just behind New York's Lincoln Center for the largest performing arts center in the entire United States and hosts world renown operas, ballets, concerts, musicals, and plays.
You shouldn't be surprised to find that the City of Miami attracts so many performance artists like musicians, singers, actors, and dancers. You may also know Miami for it's notoriety as a modeling capital with world renown agencies and events like Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami, an annual event. The Art Basel Miami Beach is an annual art exhibition of contemporary pieces that's known worldwide as "the Olympics of Art" for its size and diverse attendance.
Miami is a city that thrives off f business from tourists. The Cuban immigrants introduced conga, Dominicans brought meringue, Brazilians come with samba, and the Caribbean reggae have blended into a diverse and exciting music scene. The front line of cutting edge music can be heard by famous DJs like DJ Khaled, DJ Laz, and Pitbull. Miami clubs are famous in tv and film.
Miami Christian Family Attorneys
Miami Christian Criminal Lawyers
Miami Christian Tax Attorneys
Miami Christian Trial Lawyer
Miami Christian Bankruptcy Attorney
Miami Christian Immigration Lawyer
Christian Divorce Lawyers in Escambia County
Christian Divorce Lawyers in Greenacres
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Christian Divorce Lawyers in Ormond Beach


Founded January 10, 2002 by David H. Obelcz, the Chevy Avalanche Fan Club of North America was created to bring together Chevrolet Avalanche and Cadillac Escalade EXT enthusiasts to share their advice, knowledge, adventures and their common interest and passion in all things Avalanche and EXT.
Since this website's inception on January 15, 2002, it has become the ultimate desitination for all things Avalanche and EXT.
With production of the Avalanche and EXT ending in 2013, the Chevy Avalanche Fan Club of North America has taken on an even greater importance by providing an invaluable resource to keep these amazing and unique vehicles alive. The community can only hope that one day General Motors resurrects the Avalanche and EXT. You hear us GM!?
If you're a past or current owner or just someone who's passionate about these amazing trucks, join us today.


Online gambling companies spent Euro 81.3 million on marketing in the quarter, up 55.2 percent y-o-y, with Euro 41.1 million invested in promotions, Euro 3 million on sponsorships and Euro 8 million on affiliate marketing.
Operators are expected to benefit substantially from the government's smart decision to reduce online gambling taxes from 25 percent of GGR to 20 percent.
The taxman made Euro 16.9 million , up Euro 3.6 million from Q2-2017.
Veikkaus' share of the Finnish overall gambling market was estimated at 89 percent. The market is currently worth Euro 981 million, up just under 2 percent y-o-y.
In his report, president and CEO Olli Sarekoski noted that competition for customers is toughest in the digital channels; therefore success in the digital operations of the business will be one of the cornerstones of the revised Veikkaus strategy.
decentralised slot machines will reduce gaming proceeds, depending on the gaming restriction concept. The impacts of the different proposed implementation options on the gaming revenue would amount to Euro 78–170 million in the year 2021 according to our estimates.
Sarekoski went on to reveal that the gaming restriction concept reduced the growth of the GGR in Veikkaus' digital channel by ca. Euro 10–15 million during the first six months of the year.
Online gambling software developer and provider Playtech's announcement this week that its adjusted profit in H1-2018 has taken a 34 percent hit (see previous InfoPowa report) was another illustration of the competitive pressure the company faces in Asia as new providers enter the market with cut-throat pricing.
The company noted that if its Asian market results were excluded from the H1 numbers it would have actually made a decent double digit reported profit.
The impact of fierce Asian competition was not a new experience for the Isle of Man based company; InfoPowa readers will recall that in July this year the company shares took a hammering after it issued a significant profit warning based on Asian revenues, which were worse than expected due to "a particularly aggressive pricing environment from new entries into the market".
In short – a price war with Playtech singling out Malaysia for special mention.
However, it is probably also China where Playtech is feeling the pain; Credit Suisse has estimated that 40 percent of its profits emanate from that region.
Eight months prior to that, Playtech issued its initial profit warning, and its current share price is now roughly half of what it was back then.
The competitive maneuvering in Asia has prompted many observers to warn against an unsustainable "race to the bottom" but this does not seem to have deterred continued price cuts from both new and established international and regional companies entering the market over the past year or more.
Among them are several major European companies with big reputations who are now competing vigorously in the region, with some analysts claiming that competitive firms with quality products have been slashing their revenue sharing offers to operators by as much as 50 percent…and there is every indication that this situation will persist for some time.
Younger (and presumably hungrier) European providers have entered the market in force, along with new and established Asian suppliers.
How Playtech is handling this is not entirely clear, but chief executive Mor Weizer has previously revealed that the company intends to maintain its prominent market positioning despite the competition, and will "further support" its partners in Asia.
That could entail a larger presence in the region in the form of staff and offices, and a higher profile through expos and conferences, a tactic adopted by many international companies.
Players in the region are benefiting in terms of the range of online casino games flowing from the influx of new and in many cases quality and innovative providers now in the market, observers note.
The bottom line for providers is that intense competition is likely to remain a major challenge in the region for the foreseeable future, requiring careful focus and planning by providers whilst maintaining the highest levels of client service and product quality.


In related news, I'll be running another low sec roaming Open Fleet on Sunday night, starting around 0115 Eve time in Fliet. Join Aideron Robotics public channel and ask for in invite when you see me there.
For your Open Fleet, do you have a theme (e.g., frigates)? What would you like us to (ideally) bring?
T1 Armour frigates is the default, this sunday I'll be asking pilots to also fly T1 Armour destroyers.


text:
Q: merge lines of files, proportionally spread Suppose I have these files
a
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b
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c
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d
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How can I merge them so that the lines of each file are more or less evenly distributed across, so the result could look something like this:
merged
a1
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d1
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I'm not picky about the details, but:

*

*the lines of each file must maintain their order

*the lines of each file must spread evenly across the whole output

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Was Spock's Calculation Wrong? In TOS episode The Trouble With Tribbles Spock tells Jones that it will take him about 17.9 years to pick up the Tribbles. But on the DS9 episode Trials and Tribble-ations at the end the Tribbles are still there in Quark's place and DS9 is about 75 years after. Did Spock make a mistake?

A: The TOS and DS9 tribble episodes are set at the same time and portray the same events.
In the DS9 episode "Trials and Tribble-ations", Sisko, Dax, Bashir, O'Brien, and Worf go back in time (using a Bajoran orb) to the same time as the TOS episode.  In other words, we are seeing the tribbles on Station K-7 at the same time as Spock was seeing them in TOS, not 75 years later.
Here are Kirk, Spock, Sisko, and Dax all together in the same scene:

As for the tribbles on the Promenade at the end of the DS9 episode, they are the progeny of tribbles brought back with Sisko and the others to the 24th Century.  They are not the result of 75 years of breeding.


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Have You Been Charged With a Sexual Offense? Get a lawyer on your side.
Child Pornography Attorneys in Phoenix
Are you being accused of possessing child pornography?
Possession of child pornography is a crime under both state and federal laws. If you were arrested for recording, filming, photographing, distributing, possessing, or exchanging any type of child pornography, it is vital that you engage a Phoenix child pornography lawyer from MayesTelles PLLC right away.
With the ability to handle both state and federal charges and with former prosecutors on our team, we have the knowledge and resources to provide you with a tenacious and hard-hitting defense.
As many of our attorneys are former prosecutors, we have insight into how the other side thinks
We offer free and confidential initial case evaluations
We are available 24/7 to take your calls
Sexual Exploitation of a Minor/Child Pornography
In Arizona, possessing child pornography is covered under ARS § 13-3553, sexual exploitation of a minor. Under § 13-3553, a person commits sexual exploitation by knowingly:
Recording, filming, photographing, developing, or duplicating any type of visual depiction of a minor engaging in sexual poses or sexual conduct.
Distributing, transporting, exhibiting, receiving, selling, purchasing, possessing, exchanging, or electronically transmitting any visual depiction of a minor engaged in sexual poses or sexual conduct.
How long could I go to prison for child pornography?
Sexual exploitation of a minor is a Class 2 felony offense if the minor is under the age of 15, punishable pursuant to Section 13-705. If you have been charged with sexual exploitation of a minor (child pornography) in Arizona, you face 10 to 24 years imprisonment per count under Section 13-705.
Drawing the Line Between Viewing Child Pornography and Danger to Society
Somewhere along the line, courts began interpreting defendants charged with viewing child pornography as a danger to society. The nature of the offense can create an unfair bias against defendants in child pornography possession cases. As one judge put it, the interests of defendants in these cases are "so foreign that our citizens want them permanently removed from society," a punishment that clearly does not fit the alleged crime.
Juries and judges might also make the incorrect assumption that everyone who views child pornography will also eventually, or at least has the desire to, carry out the act and harm a child. This is simply not the case. A line must be drawn between viewing child pornography and being a danger to society.
Speak with an attorney 24/7 by calling (602) 428-7104
If you have been arrested or are under investigation, we urge you to call a Phoenix child pornography lawyer at MayesTelles PLLC. We have the knowledge, experience and resources necessary to combat your charges. With a former prosecutor on our team and experience handling thousands of state and federal cases, we are well-versed in the defenses available. We will work tirelessly to help you achieve a favorable result.
Contact our office today at (602) 428-7104 or online to schedule your free consultation.
Sex Crimes Multiple Counts of Sex Crimes
Our client faced multiple charges, including: Sexual Exploitation of a Minor, Voyeurism, and Tampering with Physical Evidence. We were able to get our client's charges reduced to one count of Negligent Child Abuse.
Sex Crimes Client Faced 5 Felony Sex Offenses
Our client, Mr. C., was charged with five counts of felony sex offenses, including two counts of Sex Conduct with a Minor and three counts of Molestation of a Child. We were able to get the case dismissed upon a successful Motion to Dismiss. Location: Maricopa County Superior Court
Sex Crimes Client Charged with Prostitution
MayesTelles was able to achieve a case dismissal on behalf of a client charged with Prostitution.
Sex Crimes Dangerous Crime Against Children Charge
Our client was charged with Sexual Conduct with a Minor, which in Arizona is a Dangerous Crime Against Children. We were able to take this serious felony sex offense and achieve a complete case dismissal for our client.
Sex Crimes Client Acquitted in Jury Trial
Client JG was charged with Indecent Exposure, a Class 1 Misdemeanor, in the East Mesa Justice Court. We had a jury trial and JG was acquitted of the charge.
Sex Crimes Child Molestation, Sexual Conduct with a Minor, and Aggravated Assault
Client RJ was falsely accused of 18 counts Child Molestation, Sexual Conduct with a Minor, and Aggravated Assault. During the course of their representation, the attorneys at MayesTelles were able to force the State to dismiss half of the counts. The case proceeded to trial on the remaining counts. Following a lengthy trial, the jury acquitted RJ of all charges.
Sex Crimes Charges Reduced
MayesTelles client, R.J., charged with 18 counts of sexual abuse. Client was facing life in prison without parole. Results: Half of the charges were dismissed before trial, at trial the jury acquitted him on all remaining counts.


In 2007 NatWest commissioned a limited edition "Cricket Pig", a.k.a. "Wicket", to promote the annual NatWest Cricket Series. With a limited edition of only 500 these pigs are very rare and very collectable. Pigs were given to customers and members of staff throughout 2007 and 2008 and were often accompanied by a letter of authenticity. However, it is also known that a large number of 'prototype' versions of these pigs were released by the manufacturer, Paul Cardew, in 2008. Check for the correct colouring i.e. blue trousers and blue shirt with red sleeves and inscription "Designed and manufactured for NatWest by Cardew" on the base of genuine pigs.


Whether it's Christmas dinner or the first night of Rosh Hashanah, big heavy family meals are notorious for their after effects. Extreme bloating and fullness are reoccurring themes on many TV shows, like Joey's Thanksgiving pants on Friends, or post-turkey drowsiness getting checked out by MythBusters. The fact is, holiday meals have become infamous for physical discomfort, weight gain, or bloating following them, in one sense or another.
The high holidays are a marathon of family dinners strung together, are often joked about as a bad time to start a diet, and the extra perk? With most of the Jewish holidays, dinners come in pairs of two.
Loading half of your plate with vegetables before you consider the other foods on the table will help ensure that you minimize the heavier foods' real estate on your plate, and therefore in your meal. Carbohydrates in large quantities will cause bloating and fatigue, and will not keep you full for very long. Marsha Fenwick, Hollistic Nutritionist, notes that a good method to ensure you fill up on veggies first is to start with a salad appetizer before the meal.
Having a variety of coloured vegetables in your meals is good practice on a day-to-day basis too. The different colours are created by different pigments that can be used to build vitamins, minerals, or antioxidants in the body. For example, the orange in carrots, sweet potatoes etc. is created by beta carotene, from which the body makes Vitamin A, needed for vision.
It's a common misconception that fasting all day and "saving room" when a big meal is waiting in the evening is the right approach. This can alter how your body digests food and put you at a disadvantage, as well as create some physical discomfort immediately after eating. On the flip side, you should also not be eating more frequently during the days of the holiday. Fenwick recommends sticking to your regular eating schedule with a focus on proteins and water intake. The bottom line is to maintain your routine eating habits, and consume high quality, nutrient dense foods, and hydrate.
The holidays come with traditional foods that we really only see once a year – old family recipes that have been passed through generations, like cheese cake, or latkas. There is no crime in enjoying these foods. In fact, it's preferable to have a slice of Grandma's Rosh Hashanah apple pie, when compared to the cookie platter sitting next to it – a food you can get any time. Indulging for the holiday is okay, and understanding that it's a treat helps with the mentality that the food you're eating is not the norm, which can make a big difference.
READ: TEFILLIN: A TREATMENT FOR MENTAL HEALTH?
Staying active is important to process any extra holiday calories consumed. Getting moving can also help combat the sluggishness that comes after a large meal, colloquially known as "Itis". It's also important to keep all systems performing well – for example: improving blood flow. It's important to note that activity will be effective at helping the body process a holiday dinner, but should not be used to compensate for a generally poor or excessive diet.
Yom Kippur is a time for self reflection and intense spirituality. Typically, following the 25 hour fast, a meal is prepared and enjoyed by families. This meal should be treated differently than other holiday meals, as the body has just come out of what some may call a cleansing state. Keeping meals light, fresh, and not loaded with dense or heavy foods – foods that are commonly seen at other holiday meals – will help keep the stomach from becoming overwhelmed. It's also important to ensure you increase your water intake in the days leading up to the fast.
The holidays, whether it's Thanksgiving or Rosh Hashanah, are a common time for people to spoil themselves and indulge. Maintaining a healthy diet, with consistent meals and regular activity, is key to creating a healthy foundation for these indulgent times.


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59 School Street, Box 1310, Edgartown MA 02539 - 508.627.4441
To navigate back to the Martha's Vineyard Museum homepage, click here.
To navigate back to the Martha's Vineyard Museum finding aids index, click here.
Martha's Vineyard Museum
A Finding Aid to the E. G. Pease Store Account Books, 1868-1869
Biography/Historical Note
Collection Contents
Martha's Vineyard Museum, Gale Huntington Research Library
Edgartown, MA 02539
E. G. Pease store account books
The materials are in English.
The collection consists of five account books from 1868-1876, labeled Gerry Pease Store, including daybooks, cashbooks and ledgers.
Return to Table of Contents »
Use and Reproduction Restrictions
Requests to reproduce material from this collection should be directed to the library's staff. Reproduction fees may apply.
Martha's Vineyard Museum, RU 421, E. G. Pease Store Account Books.
Gale Huntington Research Library
Finding aid prepared by Joyce Cooper in January 2013 with assistance from Insley Julier. Machine-encoded by Nathaniel Janick April 2014.
Processing of this collection and creation of this finding aid was sponsored by the towns of Aquinnah, Chilmark, Oak Bluffs, Tisbury, and West Tisbury through the Massachusetts Community Preservation Act. Machine-encoding of the finding aid was sponsored by the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.
Geographic Name(s)
Edgartown (Mass.)
Grocery trade--Massachusetts-- Martha's Vineyard
Merchants--Massachusetts--Martha's Vineyard
Little information is known about the creator of this collection, but the March 15, 1861 Vineyard Gazette has E. G. Pease advertising groceries and provisions. Elbridge Gerry Pease, 1800-1866, was a trader with a shop in Edgartown at the time. It is possible that the store continued to operate after 1866, however no advertisements were found in later newspapers and it is not known when the store closed.
The collection consists of five account books, 1868-1876. Each volume is labeled; "Gerry Pease Store," however the records in this collection date from after Elbridge Gerry Pease's death. Considering Pease's 1866 death date, this attribution is questionable however no other identifying information is associated with these volumes. It is not known whether these labels were added by the creator of the records or by a later custodian or museum staff person. Accounts listed in the ledger vary, some of the entries pertain to; nine different properties around Massachusetts, interest in five different freight or passenger vessels, eight different banks (none of which is on Martha's Vineyard), and many individuals and businesses. The individuals and businesses do not seem to be connected with the island, with a few exceptions. There is frequent mention of John A. Pease. His name appears associated both, with his own account, and as a line item in other accounts. Two of the daybooks are heavily over written by someone practicing their penmanship.
Daybook I is overwritten in part but some line items are still legible for cash received and paid. There are four sections for January, February and March 1868, one for August, September and October 1868 and one for January, February and March 1869. In addition there are three pages titled, "John A. Pease c/c Pawnee House," dated 1876.
The Ledger book II dated 1868 seems to be a summary of accounts listed in the daybooks. There are accounts for over 80 different individuals and companies
Cashbook and Daybook III contains receipts and debits for July-October 1868. Also some pages are titled, "Boston," July-September 1868, these show a large amount of coal purchased from William H. Prentice, as well as, line items for partial ownership in freight boats. Additionally, one page is headed; "Account Books of Smith & Pease," dated 1875. Most line items in this section concern real estate commissions.
Cashbook IV has records from July-October 1868, much of this is for coal and payment to individuals for labor. There are pages titled, "Boston," for various dates in January 1868 and many of the records pertain to general store type items.
Daybook V, heavily overwritten, contains records of August-October 1868, July and March of 1869.
The collection is arranged in its original order, according to roman numerals found on the front cover of the volumes.
Box Folder
Daybook I, 1868-1869, 1876
Ledger II, 1868
Cashbook and Daybook III, 1868, 1875
Cashbook IV, 1868
Daybook V, 1868-1869