text:
Options to buy an asset at a specified price for a specified period of time.
Capital asset pricing model
Calculates the required return on an asset as a function of the risk-free rate plus the market risk premium times the asset's beta.
The process of planning expenditures whose returns extend over a period of time.
Capital cash flow valuation
A method of valuation in which capital cash flows are discounted at the expected or required return on assets.
Capital cash flows (CCF)
Operating free cash flows (FCF) plus tax shields.
In economics, the ratio of investment required per dollar of sales. In finance, the sales-to-investment ratio. The steel industry and manufacturing generally are more capital intensive than the wholesale or retail industries.
Gash cows
A Boston Consulting Group term for business segments that have a high market share in low-growth product markets and thus throw off more cash flow than needed for reinvestment.
Chinese wall
The imaginary barrier separating investment banking and other activities within a financial intermediary.
Classified board
Also called a staggered board. An antitakeover measure that divides a firm's board of directors into several classes, only one of which is up for election in any given year, thus delaying effective transfer of control to a new owner in a takeover.
Clayton Act
Federal antitrust law originally passed in 1914 and strengthened in 1950 by the Celler- Kefauver amendment. Section 7 gives the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) power to prohibit the acquisition of one company by another if adverse effects on competition would result, or if the FTC perceives a trend that ultimately might lead to decreased competition.
Clean-up merger
Also called a take-out merger. The consolidation of the acquired firm into the acquiring firm after the acquirer has obtained control.
Clientele effect
A dividend theory that states that high-tax bracket shareholders will prefer to hold stock in firms with low dividend payout rates and low-tax bracket shareholders will prefer the stock of firms with high payouts.
Coercive tender offer
Any tender offer that puts pressure on target shareholders to tender by offering a higher price to those who tender early.
Coinsurance effect
The combination of two firms with cash flows that are not perfectly correlated will result in cash flow of less variability for the merged firm, thus decreasing the risk to lenders to the firm and thereby increasing its debt capacity.
The range of the exchange ratios in an acquisition in which the equity of the buyer is a part of the payment to the target. The range is specified in terms of the relative market values during the period before final approval of the transaction.
Collateral restraints
Agreements between the parties to a joint venture to limit competition between themselves in certain areas.
Illegal coordination or cooperation among competitors with respect to price or output.
The strengths of one firm offset the weaknesses of another firm with which it combines. For example, one firm that is strong in marketing combines with one that is strong in research.
Measures of the percentage of total industry sales accounted for by a specified number of firms, such as 4, 8, or 20.
Concentric merger
A merger in which there is carry-over in specific management functions (e.g., marketing) or complementarity in relative strengths among specific management functions rather than carryover complementarities in only generic management functions (e.g., planning).
A combination of unrelated firms; any combination that is not vertical or horizontal.
Conjectural variation
The reaction of rival firms as one firm, Firm A, restricts output or raises prices. Ranges from -1 to +1; a negative conjectural variation indicates competitive behavior (i.e., Firm A's action is offset by the reactions of competing rival firms).
Contingent voting rights
Rights to vote in corporate elections that become exercisable upon the occurrence of a particular event. Examples: Preferred stockholders might win the right to vote if preferred dividends are missed; convertible debt might be viewed as having voting rights contingent upon conversion.
Convergence of interests hypothesis
Predicts a positive relationship between the proportion of management stock ownership and the market's valuation of the firm's assets.
Cost leadership
A business strategy based on achieving lower costs than rivals.
See Indenture.
Crown jewels
The most valuable segments of a company; the parts most wanted by an acquirer.
Cumulative abnormal return (CAR)
In event studies, the sum of daily abnormal returns over a period relative to the event.
Cumulative voting
Instead of one vote per candidate selected, shareholders can vote (the number of shares they hold times the number of directors to be elected) for one candidate or divide the total votes among a desired number of candidates. Example: A shareholder has 100 shares; six directors are to be elected. With cumulative votings the shareholder has 600 votes to distribute among six candidates however he or she chooses.


WIET is a pictorial food diary social network run currently through an iOS app.
It simply records what you eat & drink, or what exercise you take by allowing uploads of pictures. This simple quick process shares these activities with your friends, through the apps' own social network or, if you let it, by posting out to Facebook and Twitter.
This builds accountability to yourself through your records and peer support through your friends and in this way turns healthy living into a social experience.
On top of this we added some gamification features. Either getting awards yourself for your activities or entering into peer competition. Some of this competition uses the unique WIET index which scores based on maintaining a healthy frequency of eating and exercising.
WIET is available on the appstore.


We never subcontract any of our work and all work is personally done or supervised. We use only the finest materials and are a quality driven company. Unlike dealing with the typical contractor in the Charleston Area that has problems with scheduling, being on time, returning phone calls, meeting deadlines, giving poor advice, we are a ONE customer painting company. When scheduled, your project is the only work being done for that scheduled time. You have our complete attention from start to finish.
I called and Jeff was here the same day, and I had my estimate the next day. WOW.


We are nearby the corner of Queen Street and Little Bourke Street.
The closest train station to us is Melbourne Central. Exit Melbourne Central via Lonsdale St, and walk to Queen St. Turn left onto Queen St and keep walking till you walk past Little Bourke St. We are on the second build after you past Little Bourke St.
The closest tram stop is on Bourke St (near the corner of Queen St and Bourke St). Get onto Queen St and walk towards Little Bourke St. We are on the second building before Little Bourke St.


text:
Medvedev triumphs over Thiem at ATP Finals
Published : 23 Nov 2020, 00:46
By Manuel Sanchez Gomez, EFE
Daniil Medvedev after defeating Dominic Thiem (not shown) during their finals match at the ATP World Tour Finals tennis tournament in London, Britain, 22 November 2020. Photo: EFE/EPA by ANDY RAIN.
Daniil Medvedev, who was "destroyed" by Dominic Thiem nine years ago at a junior tennis event in Umag, Croatia, an encounter that over time served to forge his character and for which on Sunday he took revenge on the US Open champion at the ATP Final, downing the Austrian in a 4-6, 7-6(2), 6-4 comeback triumph.
With his unbreakable defense and his orthodox play, albeit implementing a change-up in style in the second set that seemed to throw Thiem off, No. 4 ranked Medvedev won back the title that his Russian compatriot Nikolay Davydenko had won in 2009, notching the most important win of his career and leaving Thiem without the crown for the second year in a row.
With the win, the Russian also became the fourth tennis player in history to beat the world's top three players in the same tournament after dispatching Boris Becker in Stockholm in 1994, Novak Djokovic in Montreal in 2007 and David Nalbandian in Madrid, also in 2007.
To perform the feat, he had to get by one of the biggest obstacles in tennis these days, personified in the No. 3 ranked Thiem, an old acquaintance - and rival - with the pair's friendship dating back to 2011.
According to Medvedev last week, they got to know each other at a Sub-18 tourney in Umag, Croatia, nine years ago.
"He came to play in the Roland Garros junior final and he came to this tourney, which was a surprise to everyone," said Medvedev after beating Spain's Rafael Nadal to move to the final round.
Thiem, in turn, had knocked Djokovic out in their semi-final match to move to the encounter with Medvedev, who said that at Umag he had spoken with his friends about the Austrian because he was already rather well-known and they told him that hopefully he would be lucky and get to play against Thiem.
And so it was: Medvedev beat the nephew of Marin Cilic and went up against Thiem, who handed him a 6-2, 6-0 thrashing.
"He destroyed me. I had a really bad attitude on the court, about 10 times worse than now. I remember that he came up to me after the match and told me I had a great future ahead, but I had to calm down because I was crazy," the Russian said.
And nine years after that battle, the two men once again crossed paths in one of the most important finals on the tennis circuit.
Medvedev started slow and at low rhythm with several chances to go ahead, but he was clearly at the mercy of a Thiem who was more into the match and hitting better.
Thiem showed great defense and enviable power early on and easily went out ahead, and he also saved the first eight break points he faced with his strong serve.
Medvedev had his serve broken with a double fault and at the end of the first set he found himself in the role that he loves: that of the victim.
But at that point, the Russian began to turn things around, starting to rush the net more - which seemed to unsettle Thiem - and eking out a win in the second set and starting to convert on his break chances.
In a key play, the 24-year-old Medvedev notched another break point in the fifth game of the third set and went ahead 3-2.
And from there, it was just a run to the finish line - so to speak - for Medvedev, who didn't have to contend with any further break possibilities.
At the end of the tourney, the Russian had won all five of his matches, a far cry from losing all three matches he had played in the ATP Finals last year.
Medvedev is the sixth player to win the ATP Finals in London in the past six years and now the tourney moves to Italy after a dozen years in the British capital.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: child element clear parent's css

#popBox{
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  position:fixed;
  left:0;
  top:0;
  border-collapse:collapse;
  background:black;
  opacity:0.8;
  display:none;
}

I have a table set opacity:0.8.
Inside of this table, one of td opacity should be 1.
Is any way to clear set this td in different opacity?
Because there are 9 td in this table, I don't want to  set up a class and put in 8 elements.

A: You can use pseudo selectors like :nth-child() or :nth-of-type() etc
Try like this
#popBox tr:nth-child(2) td:nth-child(1){
     opacity: 1;
}

FIDDLE

For more about these visit : here

A: I don't know the logic behind this, but if you want for example to set the 5th td opacity 1 without using additional classes and ids, you can try to do it with jQuery like this:
$("td:eq(4)").css("opacity", "1");

A: Opacity cannot be changed via inheritance.
Your best bet is to do this:

#popBox td {
  opacity: 0.8;
}
#popBox #popBox_container {
  opacity: 1;
}

    Something
    Something
    Something

    Something
    Unique
    Something

    Something
    Something
    Something

JSFiddle Here

A: if you want for example that your td#popBox_container to have opacity: 1 just add the style of this element after declaration of the style of your table :

A: If you apply opacity style to the parent, in this case #popBox, all children will inherit the style.

A: The child will always inherit the opacity from its parent element. Opacity is not actually inherited in CSS. It's a post-rendering group transform.
You can use background-color with rgba instead of using opacity.
HTML:

#popBox{
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}
#popBox td{
  border:1px solid black;
}

#popBox td#popBox_container {
  background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1);
}

    Your Content
    Your Content
    Your Content

    Your Content
    Your Content
    Your Content

    Your Content
    Your Content
    Your Content

Try in fiddle
For getting a specific column, you can use pseudo selectors :nth-child(), :first, :last etc...
If we want to set opacity to first column into first table row - you can use this CSS Class:
#popBox tr:nth-child(1) td:nth-child(1) {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);
    color:white;
}

Try in fiddle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The celebration tagged "2Baba: #20YearsAKing", is scheduled to run through out 2019 and includes and array of events such as a fete, book, documentary, merchandise, album, charity work and world concert/club tour.
It's 20 years since 2Baba, then known as 2face earned A list artiste status with the release of the monster hit, "Knock Mi Off" with the now defunct Plantashun Boiz. For 20 unbroken years, the Idoma, Benue-born superstar has maintained enviable dominance in an industry globally notorious for one hit wonders and short-lived careers.


Reading lamp with direct light. Batch dyed ABS diffuser with incorporated LED, epoxy powder coated steel base and rod. The "super magnet", spherical in shape and made of "rare earth" co molded with a thermoplastic elastomer, acts as a joint and allows you to direct the torch and slide it vertically along the rod. The black cable, fitted with an ON/OFF pedal, runs visibly along the inside of the rod. Materials: Varnished steel, ABS and super magnet. Light source: LED 5W. Color: Black.
Please inquire for pricing and customization options.


text:
Industry News | March 7, 2018
Shalaka Joshi: The case for embedding gender in business decisions (video)
David Bank
Shalaka Joshi is the South Asia "gender lead" of the International Finance Corp., the private-finance arm of the World Bank.
So she can tick off the impact of the IFC's Banking on Women initiative, which has mobilized more than $1.3 billion to help get 50 banks in 34 countries lending to women-owned small businesses. With a profitable new line of business, the banks are now lending on their own.
SOCAP18 will convene on October 23–26, 2018 in San Francisco. Register here
Likewise, IFC technical support helped Ecom, the world's third-largest coffee distributor, improve productivity by boosting the skills and status of women farmers.
"It's not about a nice-to-have, a do-this-to-make-yourself feel good," Joshi said in a video interview with ImpactAlpha's David Bank at last fall's SOCAP conference in San Francisco. "There's a crucial business case for why you should embed gender into enterprises at all kinds of scales, all kinds of ways."
https://medium.com/media/81f60e3db88efab1ec4ddbc4aa2de05b/href
Often, attention to gender is required to mitigate a material risk. One firm in Papua New Guinea told the UK's Overseas Development Institute that an estimated 26,200 days per year were lost as a result of domestic violence. Domestic violence is pervasive in the Pacific, with surveys showing that the incidence of violence against women in the Pacific is the worst in the world. More than 60 per cent of women and girls have experienced violence at the hand of an intimate partner or family member.
As Joy Anderson has written on ImpactAlpha, gender-based violence "is not a sideline social issue, relegated to development grants and the work of NGOs. Bringing a gender analysis into investments in the region allows investors to understand and navigate this risk more effectively."
In the interview, Joshi said, "The entry point is rarely, 'Is there gender-based violence?' It's 'What are the business challenges you face? Let us help you tease out how to address those challenges.'"
"Gender is often at the root of those challenges," Joshi said. "Gender-based violence is a particularly difficult problem to address, but has very strong impact once you address it."
Using tools of finance to address domestic violence against women in the Pacific
From mandates to metrics: Making a gender lens investment strategy real
Gun money roundup
Bridges takes majority stake in healthy school-meal provider Innovate Services


text:
State v. Burgin
State v. Watkins
Laughlin McDonald, of Columbia, and George S.Daly, Jr., of Charlotte, N.C. for Defendant-Appellant, cite: As…
Per Curiam: Pursuant to the mandate of the Supreme Court of the United States, 404 U.S. 806, 92 S.Ct. 46, 30…
Full title:The STATE, Respondent, v. Herbert Edward BURGIN, Appellant
Court:Supreme Court of South Carolina
Date published: Dec 16, 1970
178 S.E.2d 325 (S.C. 1970)
178 S.E.2d 325
Supreme Court of South Carolina
In State v. Burgin, 255 S.C. 237, 250, 178 S.E.2d 325, 329 (1970), the trial court refused to charge the jury that a verdict of guilty could only be returned if "1. * * * the defendant had pandered the material; 2. * * * the defendant had foisted the material upon one wishing to avoid it, or 3. * * * defendant had disseminated the material to minors."
Summary of this case from State v. Getman
Messrs. Herman E. Cox, of Greenville, and Robert Eugene Smith, of Towson, for Appellant cite: As to the publications and materials in this action not being obscene in the Constitutional sense as a matter of law: 427 Pa. 189; 386 U.S. 767; 388 U.S. 440; 388 U.S. 441; 388 U.S. 442; 388 U.S. 447; 388 U.S. 449; 388 U.S. 488; 388 U.S. 446; 388 U.S. 443; 388 U.S. 444; 388 U.S. 452; 388 U.S. 454; 389 U.S. 50; 389 U.S. 47; 88 S.Ct. 264; 389 U.S. 573; 388 U.S. 578; 20 L.Ed. 1343; 390 U.S. 340; 388 U.S. 453; 389 U.S. 431; 20 L.Ed.2d 195; 389 U.S. 50; 386 U.S. 767; 386 U.S. 767; 380 F.2d 748; 249 F. Supp. 911; 230 F. Supp. 641; 389 F.2d 200; 20 L.Ed.2d 195; Sec. 1461 1462, Title 16, U.S.C.A.; 433 P.2d 479, 63 Cal.Rptr. 575; 232 N.E.2d 435; 350 F.2d 155; 380 F.2d 362; 355 U.S. 372; 370 U.S. 478; 233 A.2d 840; 39 Wis.2d 419; 385 F.2d 209; 235 A.2d 833; 276 F. Supp. 902; 205 F. Supp. 1186; 288 F. Supp. 305; 169 N.W.2d 367; 276 F. Supp. 902; 310 F. Supp. 308; 169 S.E.2d 572; 300 F. Supp. 649; 74 Cal. Rep. 34; 73 Cal.Rptr. 689. As to the determination of whether materials are Constitutionally protected being a legal question and must be made by the Court itself based upon an examination of the material itself: 354 U.S. 476; 9 N.Y.2d 578, 216 N.Y.S.2d 360, 175 N.E.2d 681; 59 C.2d 901, 31 Cal.Rptr. 800, 383 P.2d 152; 378 U.S. 184; 360 U.S. 684, 708, 3 L.Ed.2d 1512, 1527, 79 S.Ct. 1362; 45 Minn. L. Rev. 5, 116; 48 F.2d 821; 404 F.2d 196. As to Constitutionally proper test of obscenity requiring material to substantially depict sexual congress before it can be proscribed: 74 Cal. Rep. 34; 73 Cal.Rptr. 689; 22 L.Ed.2d 542; Public Law 90-100, 1968 Congress. As to the definition of what is obscene not becoming Constitutionally relevant until the disseminator impermissibly encroaches on the right of others: 354 U.S. 476; 341 U.S. 622; 390 U.S. 629; 389 U.S. 50; 373 F.2d 633; 276 F. Supp. 902; 394 U.S. 567; 333 U.S. 507; 233 A.2d 840; 258 A.2d 858; 22 L.Ed.2d 542; 306 F. Supp. 1363; 309 F. Supp. 36; 300 F. Supp. 602; 83 Harvard Law Review 7; 354 U.S. 476; 378 U.S. 184; 383 U.S. 413; 72 Yale L.J. 938-939; 380 F.2d 748; 381 U.S. 479; 306 F. Supp. 1363; U.S.D.C. Ed. Cal. Case No. CR-S-884; 419 F.2d 638; 381 U.S. 479; U.S.D.C. Ed. Wis. Civil No. 69-C-548; Vol. 48, Texas Law Rev. 646; Vol. 57; Cal. L. Rev. 1257. As to prior judicially superintended adversary hearing required: 304 F. Supp. 662; 304 F. Supp. 213; 309 F. Supp. 1360; 288 F. Supp. 305; 293 F. Supp. 407; 367 U.S. 717; 20 L.Ed.2d 1313; 293 F. Supp. 407; 388 N.Y.S.2d 692; 274 F. Supp. 561; 378 U.S. 108; 305 F. Supp. 1232. As to Sec. 16-414 et. seq., 1962 Code, as amended, denying Appellant the equal protection of the law: 379 U.S. 184; 379 U.S. 559; 340 U.S. 268; 351 U.S. 12; 360 U.S. 252; 354 U.S. 457; 162 A.2d 727; 341 P.2d 310; 322 P.2d 844; 30 L.Ed. 220. As to Sec. 16-414.1 et. seq., 1962 Code failing to define obscenity, and therefore invades the area of protected expression under the first and fourteenth amendments: 13 F. Supp. 651; 97 F.2d 495; 41 N.W.2d 865; 185 S.E. 674; 85 N.E.2d 26; 333 U.S. 18; 188 Md. 172, 52 A.2d 73; 367 U.S. 717; 11 N.W.2d 776; 372 U.S. 58; 377 U.S. 360; 384 U.S. 195; 314 U.S. 252; 333 U.S. 507; 378 U.S. 192-194; 361 U.S. 147; 333 U.S. 507; 22 L.Ed.2d 542; 386 U.S. 767; 380 U.S. 51; 367 U.S. 717; 378 U.S. 205. As to the prosecution affirmatively producing evidence at the trial of an obscenity case that the material meets those minimal tests enunciated by the United States Supreme Court in the control of obscenity: 258 A.2d 858; 378 U.S. 205; 300 F. Supp. 649; 380 U.S. 51; 361 U.S. 152; 351 Mass. 331; 215 N.Y.S.2d 1; 362 U.S. 199; 368 U.S. 157; 299 U.S. 353; 333 U.S. 196; 353 U.S. 232; 342 U.S. 246; 367 F.2d 889; 233 A.2d 840; 234 A.2d 903; 40 P.2d 826; 420 P.2d 26; 357 U.S. 526; 379 U.S. 64; 320 U.S. 118; 322 U.S. 665; 322 U.S. 680; 380 U.S. 51; 362 U.S. 199; 376 U.S. 254. As to an adversary hearing being Constitutionally mandated prior to any arrests under first amendment freedoms: 305 F. Supp. 1232; 292 F. Supp. 185; 304 F. Supp. 662; 304 F. Supp. 213; 309 F. Supp. 1360; 288 F. Supp. 305; 293 F. Supp. 407; 378 U.S. 205; 393 F.2d 202; 393 U.S. 557; 377 U.S. 260; 278 F. Supp. 372; 304 F. Supp. 213; 378 U.S. 203; 278 F. Supp. 383; 380 U.S. 479; 14 L.Ed.2d 22; 410 F.2d 639; 354 U.S. 436; 354 U.S. 444. As to trial by jury being a personal right which may be waived by Appellant for trial by the Court alone: Article I, Section 18 and Article 5, Section 22 of the Constitution of S.C.; 87 L.Ed. 268; California Constitution, Article I, Sec. 7; Indiana Annotated Statutes, Sec. 9-1803; Connecticut General Statutes Revised 1958, Sec. 54-82; Illinois Annotated Statutes C. 38, Sec. 103-6. As to indictments being invalid for charging multiple offenses in the disjunctive within a single indictment and count thereof: 33 U.S. 196, 92 L.Ed. 632; 33 U.S. 257, 68 S.Ct. 499, 92 L.Ed. 683; 369 U.S. 749, 8 L.Ed.2d 240; 92 U.S. 542, 23 L.Ed. 588; 96 U.S. 360; 157 U.S. 286; 161 U.S. 29; 20 Wall, 92, 22 L.Ed. 320; 42 P.2d 960; 177 S.E. 522; 177 S.E. 524; 178 N.Y.S.2d 319; 209 A.2d 507; 89 Vt. 520, 96 A. 8; 344 S.W.2d 167; 176 So. 89; 64 N.Y.S. 127; 184 S.E. 253; 422 F.2d 1052; 7 S.E.2d 567; 199 S.E. 10; 16 F. Supp. 934; 91 S.W.2d 732; 96 S.W.2d 376; 2 N Y So.2d 823; 178 N.Y.S.2d 119; 173 N.Y.S.2d 115; 54 N.Y.S.2d 455; 251 N.Y. 94, 167 N.E. 183; 233 F.2d 371; 150 F.2d 283; 326 U.S. 789; 90 L.Ed. 479; 207 F.2d 314; 23 A.2d 406. As to the Court erring in failing to charge Appellant's requested jury instructions Nos. 7 and 8: 22 L.Ed.2d 542; 306 F. Supp. 1363, 383 U.S. 413; 361 U.S. 147; 341 U.S. 622; 343 U.S. 451; 300 F. Supp. 602; 83 Harvard Law Review 7; 72 Cal.Rptr. 655; 169 S.E.2d 572; 361 U.S. 147; 20 L.Ed.2d 195; 232 N.E.2d 435. As to miscellaneous: 45 Minn. L. Rev., Lockhart and McClure; 57 Cal. L. Rev. 1257; 83 Har. L. Rev. 7; 72 Yale L.J. 938; 48 Tex. L. Rev. 646.
B.O. Thomason, Jr., Esq., Solicitor, of Greenville, for Respondent, cites: As to the presumptively protected publications and materials in this action being obscene in the Constitutional sense as a matter of law: 354 U.S. 476, 77 S.Ct. 1304; 394 U.S. 557; 89 S.Ct. 1243; 378 U.S. 184, 84 S.Ct.; 383 U.S. 502; 86 S.Ct. 958; 383 U.S. 463, 86 S.Ct. 942; 383 U.S. 413, 86 S.Ct. 975, 16 L.Ed.2d 1; 232 N.E.2d 435; 350 F.2d 155; 389 F.2d 200; 383 U.S. 501, 86 S.Ct. 942. As to the determination of whether materials are Constitutionally protected being a legal question and must be made by the Court itself based upon an examination of the material itself: 378 U.S. 184; 404 F.2d 196. As to the Constitutionally proper test of obscenity not requiring material to substantially depict sexual congress before it can be proscribed: 383 U.S. 418. As to the definition of what is obscene becoming Constitutionally relevant even though the disseminator has not impermissibly encroached on the rights of others: 354 U.S. 476; 394 U.S. 557; 386 U.S. 767; 321 U.S. 158, 64 S.Ct. 438; 352 U.S. 380, 77 S.Ct. 524; 352 U.S. 380; 341 U.S. 622, 71 S.Ct. 920; 343 U.S. 451, 72 S.Ct. 813; 383 U.S. 463; 306 F. Supp. 1363; 309 F. Supp. 36; 309 F. Supp. 998; Georgia Code 26-2101; 6 Crl. 417S; 300 F. Supp. 602. As to Constitutionally permissible probable cause to support the arrest of Appellant, although no judicially superintended adversary hearing was held prior to the arrests to determining whether the magazines were obscene in the Constitutional sense: S.C. Code Sec. 16-414.7; 422 F.2d 34; 305 F.2d 288; 304 F. Supp. 662; 292 F. Supp. 185; 304 F. Supp. 213; 410 F.2d 639; 301 F. Supp. 546; 69 Civ. 778; 68 Civ. 125 (E.D. N Y 2-13-68); 422 F.2d 34. As to Sec. 16-414.1 et. seq., 1962 Code, as amended, not denying to Appellant the equal protection of the law: 164 S.C. 115, 161 S.E. 869; 188 S.C. 21, 198 S.E. 409; 190 S.C. 270, 2 S.E.2d 777; 220 S.C. 469, 68 S.E.2d 421; 82 C.J.S. Statutes, Sec. 93. As to Sec. 16-414.1, et. seq. 1962 Code, as amended not being void for vagueness and impermissible overbreadth nor failing to define obscenity nor that it forbids or requires the doing of an act in terms so vague, fluid and indefinite that men of common intelligence must necessarily guess at the meaning and differ as to its application thereof, nor does it invade the area of protected expression under the first and fourteenth amendments: 354 U.S. 476, 77 S.Ct. 1304; Sec. 16-414, S.C. Code (1962); S.C. Code Sec. 16-414.1; 383 U.S. 413, 86 S.Ct. 975; Georgia Statute 26-2101; 6 Cc. L. 4175. As to the prosecution affirmatively producing evidence at the trial of an obscenity case that the material meets those minimal tests enunciated by the United States Supreme Court in the control of obscenity: 361 U.S. 147, 164-167, 80 S.Ct. 215, 4 L.Ed.2d 205. As to trial by jury not being personal right which may be waived by Appellant for trial by the Court alone: 50 C.J.S. Juries, Sec. 86; 390 U.S. 570, 88 S.Ct. 1209; 380 U.S. 24, 85 S.Ct. 783; Article I, Sec. 18 of the Constitution of S.C.; Article 5, Sec. 22 of the Constitution of S.C.; 90 N.C. 748, 47 Am. Rep. 144. As to the indictments not being facially invalid for charging multiple offenses in the disjunctive within a single indictment and count thereof: S.C. Code Ann. Sec. 17-409; 252 S.C. 36, 165 S.E.2d 72; 248 S.C. 227, 149 S.E.2d 598; 247 S.C. 34, 145 S.E.2d 434; 64 S.C. 350, 42 S.E. 175. As to Trial Judge properly refusing to charge Appellant's requested jury instructions nos. 7 and 8 in this action: 354 U.S. 476; 394 U.S. 557, 89 S.Ct. 1243; 306 F. Supp. 1363; 309 F. Supp. (1970); 90 S.Ct. 1351; 309 F. Supp. 998; 361 U.S. 147; 378 U.S. 184.
LITTLEJOHN, Justice.
The defendant appeals from a conviction of violating Section 16-414.2 (1962 Code), prohibiting distribution of obscene material, relevant portions of which are as follows:
"Section 16-414.2:
"It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to send or cause to be sent, or to bring or cause to be brought into South Carolina for sale or distribution, or to prepare, publish, print, exhibit, distribute, or offer to distribute in the State, or to have in his possession with intent to distribute, or to exhibit or to offer to distribute, any obscene matter.
"(a) ` Obscene' means that to the average person, applying contemporary standards, the predominant appeal of the matter, taken as a whole, is to prurient interest among which is a shameful or morbid interest in nudity, sex or excretion, and which goes substantially beyond customary limits of candor in description or representation of such matters. * * *"
The facts leading to defendant's conviction are not in dispute, and may be summarized as follows:
Four separate magazines were purchased from the defendant at his place of business on two different occasions; as a result of these sales he was arrested. The Greenville County Grand Jury indicted him in two separate indictments. The cases were consolidated for trial.
When the case was called for trial the defendant waived his right to trial by jury, and moved the court for a trial by the judge alone; this motion was denied.
The defendant then moved the court to hold that the four magazines were not obscene as a matter of law. The lower court viewed the magazines and denied the motion. The judge concluded, "as a matter of law beyond a reasonable doubt that the exhibits, that the magazines, the four magazines handed to the Court, and each of them, are clearly, unequivocally, and uncontrovertibly obscene and pornographic beyond a reasonable doubt. And find as a fact, beyond a reasonable doubt, that such material is of such pornographic nature as to render it obscene and such that the amendments of the Constitution do not protect it."
This court has viewed the magazines and finds that the lower court accurately described them as follows:
"I find the Book `Mirage' is a book containing color photographs of completely nude and/or semi-nude females. The semi-nudes only being that of females wearing garter belts, hose or other transparent materials. That the nudes are posed in such positions with legs wide spread that the pubic hair and external part of the genital organs are clearly visible. They are posed in positions sitting, lying, forward, backwards, leaning backwards, standing on their heads, all positions so that the camera would be focused directly upon the genital organs and breasts of the nudes.
"In the magazine `Togetherness' I find there are colored photographs of male and female nudes, or semi-nudes. The semi-nudes having only garter belts, hose, and in some instances the males having on trousers with the front portion of the trousers cut out or removed therefrom. Also, in poses directed so that the camera could focus on the genital organs of the males and females in positions with the males and females emphasizing the pubic and rectal regions of the males and females.
"The magazine `Fair Lady' also portrays similar color photographs of nude females in similar positions.
"In the magazine `Flesh Fantasy' is black and white, and color photographs of females with legs outstretched, completely nude, with females with clothes on undressing each piece of clothing in successive pictures, with the camera focused or ultimately focused completely upon the genital organs of the females."
At the trial the State presented six witnesses. Thereupon the defendant moved for a directed verdict, which was denied. The defense then announced that the accused would offer no evidence and renewed the motion for a directed verdict, which again was denied. The issues were submitted to the jury, which found the defendant guilty on both indictments. The defendant moved for judgment n. o. v. or alternately, for a new trial; these motions were denied.
The defendant was sentenced in keeping with the statute. He has appealed. We affirm.
The defendant presents several questions for the determination of this court. The merits of the case are reached without a full discussion of each exception raised.
There are six basic issues which we must determine:
(1) Whether these magazines are obscene in the constitutional sense.
(2) Whether defendant's arrest was valid without a prior judicially supervised adversary hearing.
(3) Whether Sections 16-414.1 et seq. (1962 Code) are void for vagueness and impermissible overbreadth in violation of the United States Constitution.
(4) Whether the defendant may waive jury trial and demand trial by the judge.
(5) Whether the indictments were facially invalid for charging multiple offenses in the disjunctive.
(6) Whether the lower court erred in failing to charge the defendant's requested jury instructions.
In determining whether these magazines are obscene in the constitutional sense, the test to be applied is that of Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476, 77 S.Ct. 1304, 1 L.Ed.2d 1498 (1957) as subsequently modified and explained. Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557, 89 S.Ct. 1243, 22 L.Ed.2d 542 (1969).
As first enunciated the test was:
"Whether to the average person, applying contemporary community standards, the dominant theme of the material taken as a whole appeals to prurient interests." 354 U.S. at 489, 77 S.Ct. at 1311.
The Roth test was modified in Jacobellis v. State of Ohio, 378 U.S. 184, 84 S.Ct. 1676, 12 L.Ed.2d 793 (1964) when Justice Brennan gave first mention to the requirement that the material, to be proscribed, must be utterly without redeeming social value. The Jacobellis case also explained that the community standard, as mentioned in Roth, was a nationwide community.
For the purposes of this appeal only one other case need be mentioned in the development of the Roth standard: A Book Named " John Cleland's Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure v. Attorney General of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413, 86 S.Ct. 975, 16 L.Ed.2d 1 (1966). Briefly, that case held that the Roth elements must "coalesce" to warrant a finding of obscenity.
The defendant relies heavily on Redrup v. New York, 386 U.S. 767, 87 S.Ct. 1414, 18 L.Ed.2d 515 (1967) for the contention that no material can be found obscene except under one of the three following circumstances: sales to juveniles; pandering; or obtrusive publication constituting an invasion of the general right of privacy.
Redrup does not limit prosecutions to those three areas; it mentions those criteria to avoid confusion in a case decided on grounds other than those for which review had been granted. The court was merely stating that activities which encroach on the privacy or sensibilities of citizens and which affect minors, can, in proper circumstances be regulated. The court's ruling two years later in Stanley substantiates the State's contention that no limitation was intended in Redrup.
"We hold that the First and Fourteenth Amendments prohibit making mere private possession of obscene material a crime. Roth and the cases following that decision are not impaired by today's holding. As we have said, the States retain broad power to regulate obscenity; that power simply does not extend to mere possession by the individual in the privacy of his own home." Stanley v. Georgia, supra. (Emphasis added.)
The case before this court does not involve the mere possession protected by Stanley; rather it involves commercial public distribution of material which clearly falls within the class proscribed by Roth and its progeny. The court has put no shield around distributors of obscene materials. To insure a proper determination of the obscenity vel non issue Judge Ness made a study of the material and found it to be obscene; he then let the jury make an independent determination. This procedure assured that the defendant had the benefit of two separate determinations of obscenity.
We have studied the material to make a de novo determination of obscenity vel non. We find that each of the four magazines is comprised almost totally of photographs which display nude young women in poses that center the attention of the viewer upon the vulva and surrounding area. They obstrusively expose the female genitalia in an obvious design to appeal to a prurient interest in sex. They serve no additional purpose except to produce revenue for the sellers. These magazines are a degrading, disgusting exploitation containing no pretense of artistic value. They cannot be permitted in a society which hopes to retain any semblance of constitutional and moral stability. The dissemination of this smut, which is utterly without redeeming social value, cannot be placed beyond the reach of the law. The argument that adults should be free to see and read what they want must be weighed in the light of reality. Each time the first amendment is stretched to include license to sell materials of the type involved in this action, a new flood of publications come into being. The benefits to society from freedom of speech and of press can best be protected by curbing license. Applying contemporary community standards we find beyond a reasonable doubt the dominant theme of the magazines taken as a whole appeals to the prurient interests and are patently offensive and obscene in the constitutional sense. They are utterly without redeeming social value.
The second major issue presented by this appeal concerns the validity of defendant's arrest without a prior judicially superintended adversary hearing. We reiterate that the defendant's conviction was based only on the four magazines purchased. The seized magazines were not introduced into evidence and played no part in the trial.
While it is true that several lower Federal courts have required such adversary proceedings, neither the United States Supreme Court nor any appellate Federal courts has ruled on the point. A prior adversary hearing, or a judicial hearing prior to arrest and seizure of obscene material is not provided for by statutory law or by rule of court. To hold that the Constitution, State or Federal, requires such a proceeding has no foundation in law. This court is unwilling to legislate in the field of criminal law procedure. Appellant's contention is without merit.
The next major issue for determination is the constitutionality of Section 16-414.1 et seq. (1962 Code). The defendant's numerous attacks on the statute amount to a challenge that the statute is void for vagueness and impermissible overbreadth. The statute, updated in 1965, and quoted hereinabove, was obviously intended to and did substantially restate the test for obscenity first enunciated in Roth and is considerably more detailed than the statute upheld in that case.
The several modifications made in the Roth test were included in Judge Ness' charge to the jury. We find that the South Carolina statute meets the standard set forth in Roth for a valid obscenity statute.
"Many decisions have recognized that these terms of obscenity statutes are not precise. This Court, however, has consistently held that lack of precision is not itself offensive to the requirements of due process. `* * * [T]he Constitution does not require impossible standards'; all that is required is that the language `conveys sufficiently definite warning as to the proscribed conduct when measured by common understanding and practices * * *'." 354 U.S. at 491, 77 S.Ct. at 1312 (1957).
When analyzed in light of the United States Supreme Court's pronouncement in Roth, each of the defendant's challenges as to wording is clearly without merit.
The fourth issue presented for determination is whether jury trial may be waived and trial by judge demanded as a matter of right. There is no right to waive trial by jury guaranteed by the United States Constitution. United States v. Jackson, 390 U.S. 570, 88 S.Ct. 1209, 20 L.Ed.2d 138 (1968), Singer v. United States, 380 U.S. 24, 85 S.Ct. 783, 13 L.Ed.2d 630 (1965). In the Singer case we find the following dispositive wording:
"A defendant's only constitutional right concerning the method of trial is to an impartial trial by jury. We find no constitutional impediment to conditioning a waiver of this right on the consent of the prosecuting attorney and the trial judge when, if either refuses to consent, the result is simply that the defendant is subject to an impartial trial by jury — the very thing that the Constitution guarantees him." 380 U.S. 24, 36, 85 S.Ct. 783, 790, 13 L.Ed.2d 630 (1965).
In the case at bar therefore, the defendant was given an impartial trial by jury as guaranteed by the Constitution and was not in any way prejudiced by refusal of the trial judge to try the case without a jury.
The fifth issue for determination is whether the indictments brought against he defendant were facially invalid for charging multiple offenses in the disjunctive within a single count.
We note from the record that the defendant failed to make timely objection to the use of the disjunctive. South Carolina Code Section 17-409 (1962) requires such objection be made in the motion to quash the indictment; therefore the issue is not properly before this court.
The last issue for determination is whether the court erred in failing to charge defendant's requested jury instructions number seven and eight. In requested charge number seven defendant urges that since the United States Supreme Court in Stanley v. Georgia, supra, guaranteed the right of private possession, there must be a correlative right to acquire such material. The Stanley case held only that possession in the privacy of one's home may not be prosecuted by the State. The United States Supreme Court has not opened the door beyond that limited holding, and this court will not do so.
As to requested charge number eight, the appellant contends that a verdict of guilty should be returned only if the jury found one of the following:
1. That the defendant had pandered the material;
2. That the defendant had foisted the material upon one wishing to avoid it, or
3. That defendant had disseminated the material to minors.
He cites Redrup, supra, as authority. We have explained that Stanley expressly reaffirmed the Roth case; therefore all obscene material except that possessed within one's home, is subject to regulation by the State. The trial judge did charge the jury on the elements set forth in Roth and modified by later decisions. He also explained that the defendant must have sold the material "knowingly" to satisfy the scienter requirement of Smith v. California, 361 U.S. 147, 80 S.Ct. 215, 4 L.Ed.2d 205 (1959).
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the lower court is
MOSS, C.J., and LEWIS, BUSSEY and BRAILSFORD, JJ., concur.


text:
Several Jobs At Aroostook County Schools Open As Students Return
While students are returning to a more "normal" year without masks and distancing, there are still many questions to be answered about the upcoming year. Primarily, how are we going to fill these positions?
Jeff Clockedile
Four Females Fill 2022 Central Aroostook High School Honors Parts
Central Aroostook High School in Mars Hill announced honors parts for the class of 2022.
The Hodgdon Middle/High School Honor Roll For Third Quarter
MSAD #70 has announced the third quarter honor roll for Hodgdon Middle/High school. Students in grades 7-12 have been recognized and given the distinction of having achieved honors and high honors for the quarte
Van Buren School District Releases Third Quarter Honor Roll
The honor roll for grades 5-12 at Van Buren District schools for the third quarter.
Fort Kent & Presque Isle Win Awards At Maine Drama Festival 2022
Fort Kent and Presque Isle competed at the Maine Drama Festival 2022 and came away with awards
Daigle & St. Onge Win Spelling Bee at MSAD#33 in St. Agatha
The competition was friendly, fierce, and high-pressured Wednesday morning inside a local gymnasium. MSAD #33, the Wisdom school district hosted their district Spelling Bee for students in fifth-grade through eighth-grade.


text:
Pentagon admits half of all F-35 fighter jets not good for anything
World » Americas
The Pentagon has published a report, in which it was acknowledged that 50% of fifth-generation F-35 fighters were not suitable for combat action. Specialists have not been able to resolve a lot of technical deficiencies, which the renowned aircraft had been repeatedly criticised for, reports Bloomberg.
7 comments 654 share
American F-35 lost out to Su-35
The efforts made have failed to improve the reliability of the fighters since 2014, despite the growth of their number. Improved versions of software for the fighter have had 31 updates, but key shortcomings have not yet been corrected.
Thus, as many as 1,000 flaws make the F-35 fighter aircraft just common aircraft.
For example, F-35B modifications for the Marine Corps and F-35C for aircraft carriers cannot be refuelled in the air. Technical defects affect the launch of AIM-120 air-to-air missiles and the release of air-to-surface munitions. The display in the helmet of the pilot, which shows data about the flight and the targets, does not work correctly, whereas the imperfect diagnostic system detects "failures" of systems that actually function normally.
To make matters worse, the Pentagon considers it necessary to reduce the cost of the program of the development of the F-35 that has taken 16 years already. The USA intends to speed up the production of the fighters, despite all problems.
Read article in Russian
Topics f-35 pentagon us air force


text:
![1 stars](../../images/ic_star_black_18dp_1x.png)![1 stars](../../images/ic_star_border_black_18dp_1x.png)![1 stars](../../images/ic_star_border_black_18dp_1x.png)![1 stars](../../images/ic_star_border_black_18dp_1x.png)![1 stars](../../images/ic_star_border_black_18dp_1x.png) 1

To use the Snow Report for Whitecap Mountain skill, try saying...

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The Whitecap Mountain Snow Report brought to you by SnoCountry brings you the latest snow fall, snow surface conditions,  base depth, trail, and lift operations information.

***

### Skill Details

* **Invocation Name:** whitecap mountain
* **Category:** null
* **ID:** amzn1.ask.skill.2ff92c61-dfd4-438f-9a74-514d7f9a98c3
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* **Release Date:** November 8, 2016 @ 05:12:59
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Lostness
noun (ˈlɒstnəs): the state of being lost
Reykjavik and Around
Hocus Pocus and Halloween in Salem, MA
February 4, 2017 February 22, 2017 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
Celebrating Halloween in Salem, Massachusetts has been on my bucket list for a long time. Most people know Salem as the location of the 1692 Witch Trials and, as a result of this dark past, Salem's residents take All Hallows Eve very seriously. Salem actually runs a month-long celebration of Halloween called 'Haunted Happenings', with plenty of shows, exhibits and museum tours to be had throughout October.
Jasper and I were so excited to celebrate one of the best holidays in Salem, we felt we simply couldn't do it alone, so my sister Molly came to join us, just for the occasion. And we tore it up: boss-witch style. Here is a list of what we got up to in this old town, full of darkness and intrigue…
"It's just a bunch of Hocus Pocus!"
Molly and I (and our two other sisters) first encountered Salem as children watching the family film and cult classic Hocus Pocus, starring Bette Midler (Jasper *reluctantly* watched this film a little more recently). If you have not seen this hoot-a-second movie then you might want to skip this section (and make a mental note to watch Hocus Pocus ASAP). If you have seen it, then you may be surprised to find out that most of the film was actually shot in Salem itself! Which means that there are plenty of film locations dotted around town, including…
The Town Hall. Remember this? Where Max and Dani's parents get drunk and Bette Midler sings 'I Put A Spell On You'? #classic
You can find Salem Town Hall at 93 Washington Street.
'Alison's House', home to the most boring looking Halloween party ever. AKA 'Ropes Mansion'. And look who we bumped into….
It's the Sanderson Sisters!
You can find Ropes Mansion at 318 Essex Street.
'Max's House'. That super cool window at the top remains intact- not blown up by witches and/or teenage angst. Note: this is a residential house, so no trespassing, loud noises, or sprinkling salt barriers around the premises.
'Max's House' is a little drive out of Salem city centre at, 4 Ocean Avenue.
If you want to feel famous for a night, get an amazing costume and come to Salem on Halloween. We spent hours wandering through the streets just taking photos of people and telling them how amazing they looked. It wasn't just us though, we were part of many 'fangirling' hoards, scrambling for photos of the best-dressed. We figured that there are approximately 3 different types of costumes…
Genuinely terrifying:
2. Amazing, but nothing to do with halloween:
3. Cult characters/people in terrible 90's clothes (it can be difficult to tell the difference)
Yes, this is us.
There is a feeling of friendship as people walk the streets. You see strangers dressed as related characters converse without breaking character; Little Red Riding Hood commenting on how big Grandma Wolf's teeth are, the Mad Hatter inviting Alice to tea, the Pope catching up with Satan (not even joking). In any case, for a guaranteed great time, get yourself a costume and don't forget your camera.
Honourable Mentions:
Stickwork
This sculpture in the centre of town is pretty hard to miss. Created by artist Patrick Dougherty, this installation is created by woven sticks and branches to create a wholly natural, almost Pagan looking piece, which juxtaposes against the manmade surroundings. If you want to see it, you'll need to be quick: the exhibit is only on view until 31st March 2017.
Bewitched Statue
In the centre of town is a statue of Samantha from the 60's sitcom 'Bewitched'. It draws in a large crowd, which is perhaps why a fundamentalist Christian picked this spot to yell continuously for eight hours. This is the only picture I managed to get without him in…
Beautiful Houses
We probably spent a good two or three hours just wandering around the residential areas of Salem, gazing at their beautiful, quintessentially New England houses. If you love architecture, we suggest you do the same.
Halloween in Salem has now been ticked off my list, and it was everything I hoped it would be. If you love Halloween, Hocus Pocus, or just beautiful New England towns, get on your broomstick and fly over here!
What about all the witches though!? Don't get your cauldron in a bubble; we've got a whole extra post just about Salem's most famous residents. Find it here.
Witching Hour: Top Magical Spots in Salem, MA
Salem, Massachusetts is the location of perhaps the most famous witch-hunt in human history and it does not shy away from its dark past. As a result, Salem has become a place of remembrance for those persecuted in the late seventeenth century with many memorials and museums dedicated to the victims of what is often considered one of America's darkest moments.
A trip to Salem would be incomplete without visiting at least one of the following sites…
The Witch Trials of 1692 are Salem's –and possibly one of America's- most famous historical events. In the space of a few months, mass hysteria gripped this small Puritan town resulting in the executions of 20 residents. Salem's Witch Museum is a hugely popular museum, which has an interactive display detailing the trials themselves. It is really interesting and informative (though a little corny!). If it's your first trip to Salem, or you know little of the trials, we suggest you start here.
Memorial Site
Another must-see spot is the Witch Trial memorial site which shows the names of all those persecuted in 1692 etched into large blocks of stone. Many still lay flowers in remembrance. Next to the memorial is a large graveyard, home to graves of many Judges who presided over The Witch Trials. It's pretty spooky walking through here after dark, that's for sure.
If Salem's history interests you, visit The House Of The Seven Gables. Originally owned by Judge Hathorne, this beautiful -if bleak- house was also home to his great-great-grandson, author Nathaniel Hawthorne, who was famously haunted by his grandfather's involvement in The Witch Trials.
The Witch House
One of the oldest houses in Salem and home of another judge, Jonatha n Corwin, this house, known as 'The Witch House', has been kept by the City of Salem as an example of everyday life in a late seventeenth century Puritan town. Take a self-guided tour through the building and learn about the, let's face it, bleak lives of the inhabitants of Salem in 1692. Although a simple little museum, this was probably one of the most enjoyable and informative ones we visited. 100% go here.
Witch Shops
Because of its ties with witchcraft (even though imaginary), Salem has become a Mecca for Pagans, herbalists and spiritualists who now call themselves 'witches'. There are plenty of witch supply shops around the town that provide herbs, crystals and even cauldrons for those who want to practice 'witchcraft'. Our favourite was a little shop called 'Hauswitch'. We have to admit that we are a little obsessed with this shop. Not only do they sell beautiful home wear, art, and spell kits, but they run meditation classes and tarot card readings in the evening. It is a feminist heaven and I really want to join their coven.
Salem did not disappoint. Regardless of its busy tourist industry, it hasn't lost any of its New England charm. If you love architecture, history, or just a good ghost story, it is well worth the trip. There really are few towns out there whose identities are so wrapped up with their own history, but when this happens it creates a place full of intrigue, energy, and…magic!
San Francisco in 36 Hours
December 31, 2016 February 13, 2017 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
From the emergence of the flower power generation in the 60s, to the 21st century's electronic revolution in Silicon Valley; from the home of Mrs Doubtfire, to Alcatraz, America's most infamous prison. San Francisco is one of those places that is inexplicably part of social consciousness; everyone has heard of it, and everyone wants to go. It is also, arguably, the coolest city in California (sorry LA).
We spent only a brief time here whilst blasting through Cali up to Yosemite National Park. Of course, you could spend weeks in this vibrant city and not run out of things to do, but unfortunately time was not on our side. So, here is everything we managed to cram into our 36 hours:
Fancy seeing a bunch of wild sea lions sunbathing? Of course you do. Go to Pier 39, full of tourists, expensive food, tacky souvenirs, but totally worth it to see a load of blubbery sea lions clambering over each other to get the best sun spot.
The Painted Ladies
There are few cities in the world in which something as simple as resident housing so encompasses its identity. San Francisco is one of them; you simply can't visualise San Fran without its beautiful houses on mind-blowing steep streets. 'The Painted Ladies' is an affectionate name for a row of houses on Steiner Street. They have that quintessentially San Franciscan ice-cream colour and ornate style. We're not entirely sure why these houses in particular are such a big deal as almost every house in the area is equally beautiful. But whether or not you want to go out of your way to see the Painted Ladies themselves, you really must take a stroll around the residential areas- they are truly iconic.
More beautiful San Franciscan houses
Another icon. Lombard street is a perilously windy, and really rather beautiful, road in residential San Francisco. With a gaggle of tourists at the top and bottom, craning over each other to take pictures, and people inching their way down in their cars, it really is a sight to behold. We did brave the drive, and came out unscathed- but others are not so lucky, so drive carefully or your paintwork may suffer!
Castro District
The Castro District is known for its links with the LGBT community and Gay Pride events. For us, this was a must-see spot. It's a really vibrant part of the city, with huge murals of Harvey Milk -California's first openly gay elected official and LGBT martyr- painted on the side of buildings, and rainbow coloured crosswalks directing your way to sex shops, book shops and bars.
San Francisco's Chinatown is home to the largest Chinese community outside of Asia and is the largest of its kind in North America. It has a regrettable history due to California's anti-Chinese laws, forcing the city's Chinese population into what was essentially a ghetto. These days though, it is a vibrant place with amazing shops, restaurants and bars and, of course, beautiful Chinese architecture. Chinatown is a core part of San Francisco and an important part of Californian history. It is, in our opinion, a must-see!
Oh, and Golden Gate Bridge
Of course. There's nothing like seeing an iconic piece of infrastructure. It's as exciting as seeing a celebrity in the flesh, except instead of getting an autograph and a selfie, you get to pay $7.50 to drive over it. But in all seriousness, you simply can't visit San Francisco without seeing Golden Gate. After driving over it, we went to the bottom of Fort Point and got a great view:
View from Fort Point
Honourable mentions and pointers:
Before we left San Fran, we stopped by 'The Mill' for breakfast. On the surface it seems crazy to be paying $6 for toast, but trust us, it is so much more than toast. It is delicious bready perfection. And their coffee's not too bad either.
One last thing- Why why why is San Francisco so cold?! Mark Twain apparently once said 'the coldest winter I ever experienced was a summer in San Francisco'. Mark, we totally get you. Everywhere in California was about 10°c warmer than San Francisco. We went from wearing shorts and flip flops then crossed the San Francisco border and out came the wooly jumpers. So, word to the wise- if you plan on visiting, bring a jumper or two!
San Francisco, it was truly a pleasure. We will be coming back, and we will be spending more than 36 hours next time!
Natural Wonders of Arizona
November 18, 2016 January 17, 2017 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
Imagine an old western movie: deserts, cactus, tumbleweed, and then update the saloons with malls and universities, and the Cowboys with Trump fanatics (…some things haven't updated), this description crudely sums up Arizona. It is hot; dry, stifling, ghost town-inducing hot. It is sparse. And, most importantly, it is beautiful. There is so much natural beauty in Arizona, it has been -to our surprise- one of our favourite states in the west. Here's a little run down of our exploration of this wild state…
Located on a Navajo reservation in the small town of Page, this is one of the most beautiful sights Arizona has to offer. You will arrive at the entrance to the canyon after an extremely bumpy (seriously, hold on for dear life) jeep ride through the dusty desert (you can only reach the canyon by a Navajo approved tour bus). After tending to your whiplash and bruises, you will wander through its windy red chasms, open-mouthed, in awe of its beauty. Just take a look at some of the photos, they speak for themselves:
Cliff Dwellers
This was a bonus! We stumbled across this site on the way to Antelope Canyon. It's basically a bunch of rocks eroded in gravity-defying ways. If you drive to Page from Zion, you'll probably drive right past it. It's definitely worth pulling over and having a wander!
As cliched as it sounds, the Grand Canyon is just one of those things you need to see to believe. Even the photos don't do it justice. If you don't enjoy feeling like a tiny speck of human insignificance next to the awesome power of the earth, maybe give this one a miss. It's big. Like, really big.
Saguaro Natitonal Park
In our opinion, this is one of the most underrated national parks. The landscape is so quintessentially 'wild west' it feels like you're on a movie set. Picture burnt red desert chockablock with saguaro cacti, which by the way, are huge. It's kind of like a forest except instead of trees, there's cacti, which offer no shade from the 40+° sun. Bring all the water you can carry and try not to get lost- all the cacti start looking the same after a while.
Honourable mention:
If you fancy getting naked and meditating for a while, head to the town of Sedona. Many believe it is home to vortexes, which are powerful conduits of energy. But whether you go for this sort of thing or not, Sedona is an interesting town, and worth a visit.
The beauty of Arizona has really stuck with us. If you can stand the heat, go. If you can't stand the heat, go anyway. It's worth it, we promise.
Pumpkin Spiced Lattes All Round…
October 26, 2016 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
Autumn is upon us, and we have had -quite literally- the falliest fall imaginable. We have spent the last few weeks volunteering in a B&B in South Royalton, Vermont. Our days have been spent baking pies, cooking breakfast and, of course, admiring the Autumn colours. We even managed to sneak in a visit to the Ben & Jerry's factory!
Now it's back to Massachusetts to celebrate Halloween- Salem style!
The Pacific Northwest
October 26, 2016 February 3, 2017 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
Words by Jasper
Mysterious, mossy pine forests punctuated with immense boulders. Waterfalls spewing mist through tree covered cliffs. Clear streams that lead to bleak craggy coastlines, dotted with raggedy islands. Ultra-trendy cities nestled in amongst the wilderness. This describes the Pacific Northwest, probably one of our favourite parts of western USA. Here are a few of the best places we checked out.
There was so much to say about the 'hipster capital of the world' that it warranted a whole post to itself. Find it here.
Forks, Washington
Ok, we admit it, we came here entirely because of Twilight. But if you're like us, and thought the best thing about that film was the location, we hope you'll understand. Forks sits on the edge of Olympic National Park, a huge expanse of temperate rainforest, classified by its high levels of rainfall, but lower average temperatures.
Forks is a small town that has been thrust into popularity by the famous film series, but other than a couple of Twilight shops and location tours, life ticks over like any other small unassuming community.
North West of Forks is La Push, a grey beach with imposing cliffs and brutal waves. We wrapped up and took a stroll on the beach but we left the paddling to the flotilla of hardcore surfers (sadly any vampires out there won't be able to reach La Push as it is past the werewolf treaty line).
North Bend, WA
Tucked just off the interstate from Seattle toward Montana, this mysterious town is most famous for Laura Palmer's death and "damn good coffee". For those of you who missed the reference, North Bend houses many of the shooting locations for David Lynch's supernatural cult-thriller Twin Peaks, several of which are definitely worth seeing regardless of whether you've seen the show or not.
The most iconic spot is probably Twede's Cafe, which is better known by Twin Peaks fans as the Double R Diner. Peaks Geeks will be pleased to know they do, in fact, serve some damn good coffee, and the cherry pie isn't too bad either. People who have never seen the show will probably also be pleased to know this.
Just down the road is the Salish Lodge and spa that overlooks the Snoqualmie Falls. It's a high end place that we could only dream of being able to afford a night at, but when your hotel is perched precariously close to a huge and picturesque waterfall, I guess you can charge what you like. The setting obviously caught David Lynch's eye as the Salish Lodge serves as the exterior shots for the Great Northern Hotel, yet another crucial TP location.
Just a stone's throw across the Canadian border is Vancouver, a lively, modern and artsy city. Sadly we only had a day and night to explore it, but what we managed to cram in gave us a good glimpse into life in Vancouver.
The downtown area had a great mix of independent shops, cool eateries and imposing buildings new and old. It also has one of the best libraries we've ever been in. Inspired by the colosseum, Vancouver Public Library is almost as impressive, with cosy study areas, modern interior design and dizzyingly high walkways looking down over seven floors of books to explore. Any ancient Roman academic would have been proud to study here. Jo, however, read a book about Finding Nemo.
Tucked underneath the main bridge to downtown is Granville Island, a once industrial area that, like most others in the world, has now been transformed into an arts district, with theatre, music, independent craft retailers and a food market. If this sounds a little too pretentious and grown-up for your taste, have no fear, there's always the pirate party ship.
Interstate 90, Washington/Montana
This is literally just a motorway, with nothing of interest other than the odd Native American Casino resort. We don't recommend it as somewhere to visit. It does, however, get a special mention for some of the most spectacular and iconic tumbleweed we've ever seen. It's amazing that in West Washington state you have lush forest, and yet after a few hours driving east toward Montana, it's barren and prairie like. The only things that weren't void of life were, ironically, the perfect spheres of dead bush making a dash for freedom across the road.
For us, the Pacific Northwest is a place we've wanted to visit for so long for so many reasons, and it certainly didn't disappoint. Each place we visited was worthy of weeks, possibly months, of exploration. As has been the case with most of our travels so far, we will be leaving with more on our bucket list than when we came.
October 24, 2016 January 17, 2017 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
Nestled in the Utahan desert is Salt Lake City. Known for -amongst other things- Mormonism, polygamy, and a serious lack of alcohol. We arrived here after failing to find a motel in Jackson, Wyoming and choosing to drive through the night rather than freeze to death in some random car park. These were some lonely, horror movie-esque roads and we were pretty relieved when the sun finally rose over civilisation once more. We rewarded ourselves with some $4 pancakes from Denny's (it's become a staple in our road trip diet), and headed out to explore this infamous city.
Over half the population of Utah practice Mormonism, and Salt Lake City- the state capital- is Morman Mecca. We only spent a day here, but it was a really interesting city, and starkly different from the other American cities we've visited. The first thing we noticed was how clean it was. Squeaky clean. Like Disneyland. All the buildings looked so new, the pavements were white and there were lots of perfectly cut areas of bright green grass and trimmed trees. It does feel a little odd walking around. It feels almost like a pop-up, artificial city. Like Vegas, but with Mormon missionaries instead of strippers. Unfortunately though we cannot prove any of this, as upon leaving we realised that we didn't take a single photo. Disclaimer: imaginations/access to google image search will be needed for this post.
The main attraction of the city is, of course, the religious temples. The main Mormon buildings are all within the same square (Temple Square), so you can hop from one to the other and see them all in a few hours. By far the most impressive is Salt Lake Temple which, in terms of size and beauty, would give Notre Dame a run for its money. Only members of the Mormon faith are actually allowed into this temple, so unless you feel compelled to sign up, you'll have to appreciate the view from the outside- which really is breathtaking.
Across from this is the Salt Lake Tabernacle, a large domed building, with amphitheater seating inside for meetings and, as it's best known for, choir performances. We didn't have time to watch one ourselves, but if you get the chance you definitely should- the acoustics are meant to be amazing. Similarly close is the Church History Museum which details the beginnings of the Mormon faith very thoroughly. If non-believers were ever going to be converted, here would be the place.
After wandering around Temple Square for a while, we found ourselves in the Geneology Centre. Mormons believe in praying on behalf of their ancestors who may not have had contact with the Mormon church, in order to help their souls in the afterlife. Because of this, lots of Mormons have a real fascination with ancestry research. The Geneology Centre is a huge library of microfilms, online census databases, and anything else you might need to find your distant family. We went there to quickly poke our heads in. However, what started as a cursory visit soon manifested into us awkwardly sat by a computer on the basement floor with a 70 year old man explaining how to use ancestry.com (very simple FYI), wearing little stickers saying 'Hi my name's [Jo/Jasper], today is my FIRST visit!' Needless to say, our parking meter was suddenly getting very low, and we hurried outta there.
As for polygamy, it is less prevalent in the Mormon faith than people assume. In fact, only certain sects of the LDS church practice it nowadays. However, if you spent some time in the smaller towns on the outskirts of Salt Lake City, you are likely to see some 'sister wives' doing their grocery shopping. They are distinguishable by their old fashioned dresses and braided hair.
We were surprised by how friendly the people of Salt Lake City were. If you are anxious about hardcore conversion tactics, don't be. Although Temple Square is the centre of Mormonism, it is also a tourist attraction, and the missionaries working there appreciate that. So, if you are in the area, we would certainly recommend a stop here. We suspect that there is no other American town quite like Salt Lake City!
A Weekend In Portland: The Essential Itinerary
Portland, Oregon, a city which boarders Washington state on the northwest coast of America is affectionately known as 'hipster capital of the world'. We were really intrigued to see how fitting this term actually is, as…to put it in the least snobbish way…the American ideals of 'cool' can often differ from the European. But to our pleasant surprise, Portland was awesome. And we think any beard-trimming, vinyl-collecting, succulent-planting European hipster would be proud to call Portland home.
One of the main things that struck us about Portland is that the residents are really friendly. The Portlanders we met had such an obvious love for their city that they were constantly giving us recommendations for coffee shops, bookstores and bars in the hope that we love it just as much them. And it worked.
Unfortunately, as we only have a month to tour the entire west, we were only able to spend two days in this awesome city. We managed to cram in quite a bit though, so here's a little list of what -in our opinion- a short trip to Portland should include:
Brunch is to Portlanders as afternoon tea is to the English: something to be taken very seriously. The most popular spots can have queues snaking out the door and the options throughout the city seem endless. We chose a place called 'Mothers Bistro' in downtown, a Parisian style restaurant which served traditional egg-based dishes and, of course, delicious coffee.
Powell's Bookstore
A large chunk of our first day was spent in Powell's Bookstore, the largest independent bookstore in the world. The building pretty much takes up an entire block, with five stories of new and used books. As we found out, is easy to get lost in there and, before you know it, 3 hours has past. Powell's really is a Portland institution, and a city break here isn't complete without perusing its many shelves.
One thing that is so special about Portland is that it is surrounded by wilderness; it almost feels like a city built in the middle of a national park. So, a short drive out of town brought us to Multnomah Falls, a beautiful waterfall surrounded by moss-covered evergreens. You can view it from the bottom, or a short hike leads you to the midway bridge. It's a popular tourist spot, so if you want to avoid the crowds, try to go on a weekday….and not on Labor Day weekend, like we did.
Portland has an awesome shopping scene. Seriously, bring all your money, you will want to buy everything. Southwest 10th Avenue between Stark street and Washington, was a favourite of ours. There was so much to buy on this street: outdoorsy hard wear, über cool home decor, arty jewellery; there was even a shop dedicated solely to feminist fashion brands. Here's a list of links to our favourite shops:
http://www.animaltrafficpdx.com/
http://www.woonwinkelhome.com/
http://www.backtalkpdx.com/
http://www.wildfang.com/
A lesser known fact about Portland is that Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons, was born here. This perhaps explains the city's obsession with doughnuts. We went to two different establishments and both had lines out the door. 'Blue Star' is the place to go for the more 'gourmet' style, with flavours ranging from maple bacon to cayenne spiced PB&J- get here early though, as they can run out by the afternoon. If you want a doughnut fit for Mr Groening however, go to 'Voodoo' and ask for 'The Homer'. Voodoo is to doughnuts as Powell's is to books: a Portland institution and a must-see.
'Mmmm doughnut' *dribbles*
Honourable Mentions and Sidenotes:
Outside of downtown, Hawthorne street has loads of cool vintage stores and another (smaller) Powell's! Portland just can't get enough of books.
Nike Bikes. These are Portland's much cooler version of London's 'Boris Bike'. They are neon orange and named after the infamous sports brand (which originated in Portland), rather than after a floppy-haired fool. But I digress.
Unlike most American cities, you won't require a car to get around. The public transport here is pretty good, with reliable buses to and from town, and a tram service called 'The Max', operating city-wide.
If you are so inclined, the state of Oregon has legalised the use of recreational marijuana. You can buy pretty much any product you can think of from one of Portland's many dispensaries. And because it's Portland, much of the products sold are locally sourced, fair trade and organic. Think salted cacao infused with organic marijuana oils, that sort of thing. But, please note: unlike Amsterdam, public use is prohibited and you have to be 21 to even enter a dispensary.
In conclusion, Portland has stolen our hearts, well and truly. There is so much to see, do, eat, drink and buy; so many kind people to chat to; so much to explore! We definitely plan on coming back….unless it gets too mainstream.
Hawaii in a Fortnight
September 30, 2016 March 8, 2017 / Lostness	/ Leave a comment
Japan was everything we hoped it would be, and more. It was for this reason we were somewhat apprehensive about leaving the Land of the Rising Sun, which had well and truly stolen our hearts, to visit its Pacific neighbour Hawaii. This cluster of islands slap bang in the middle of the ocean is synonymous with paradise; one can't hear the word 'Hawaii' without conjuring images of white beaches, palm trees and turquoise waters. Even with this in mind, we were still concerned that Japan might be a hard act to follow.
So, first things first, the negatives:
– Now, this one really surprised us, but we found the people to be -generally speaking-less courteous than in Japan. The Japanese are generally known for being very considerate and polite, you could probably punch a stranger in the face and they would apologise to you. In Hawaii however, small island mentality seemed to be rife- integration or 'living like a local' is potentially impossible here. It almost felt as if the entire service industry couldn't have been more done with tourists. But we can't blame them too much, tourists are everywhere here, and we hold our hands up, we are pretty annoying.
– Hawaii. Is. Expensive. Accommodation prices were almost double that of Tokyo, one of the most notoriously pricey cities in the world. Food was expensive, activities were expensive, and let's not forget the Brexit effect. But, the silver lining of this was that we got to fully immerse ourselves in free pastimes, namely getting very very sunburnt.
And now, for the positive stuff…
We flew into Honolulu on the island of Oahu and stayed in a hostel on Waikki beach for two nights. As most international flights fly into Honolulu, this island is bustling with tourists, especially families and young party animals. Two days of sunbathing was exactly what we needed after two hectic months zooming around Japan…although in hindsight more suntan lotion was required.
Jasper needs some sunglasses…
We then took a 50 minute flight to the island of Hawaii a.k.a 'Big Island'. We stayed in a cute Airbnb just south of Hilo which, it turns out, is one of the rainiest places in the US. The climate was like that of a rainforest, with lush greenery everywhere and rain that pours heavily for hours and hours at a time.
As well as the rainfall, the Big Island is known for its volcanic activity. Volcanoes National Park is home to the world's most active volcano, Kilauea. It is constantly spewing lava which runs slowly (and therefore relatively safely) into the sea, hardening as it goes and creating brand new land. It is the earth giving birth. We hiked the lava fields for a couple of hours, which was an experience like no other and a sight to behold. In the thick of it, all you can see is miles and miles of cooled lava, the rain that was pouring down instantly turned to steam on the hot ground, vents of sulphurous gas billowed upwards, and to top it all off, thunder and lightning battled overhead. It was honestly like a real life Mordor.
Our next and equally amazing experience on Big Island was our snorkel with manta rays. We've been excited by the prospect of seeing mantas ever since Jasper dressed as one for Halloween last year. With wing spans of up to 12 feet but no stingers or teeth, they are the gentle giants of the Pacific. We went on a night time snorkelling session where beams of lights are used to attract plankton, and where there is plankton, there's mantas. We loved every second watching these amazing animals somersaulting in the water- sometimes mere centimetres from us. It will almost definitely be one of the highlights of our entire trip. Unfortunately we weren't able to take any pictures of the mantas, so here's a picture of Jasper dressed as one instead.
So realistic.
After spending 6 days on Big Island, we flew to the island of Kauai. This island is often considered one of Hawaii's most beautiful; it is where Lilo and Stitch is set, and where Jurassic Park is filmed. It did not disappoint. It was far less rainy than Big Island, which allowed for more hours sun worshipping on one of Kauai's many many beautiful beaches. We spent a day hiking the Na Pali coast, one of the most scenic hiking trails in the world. The windy coastline offered unparalleled views of turquoise oceans, lush rainforests and clear skies- paradise, indeed.
Na Pali Coastline
Another must-see on Kauai is the Waimea canyon. Mark Twain supposedly referred to it as 'the Grand Canyon of the Pacific', and needless to say, it is pretty breathtaking. Unlike the desert, red-rock landscape of the Grand Canyon however, Waimea is speckled with greenery and has waterfalls bursting down its vast chasms. Once at the top of the canyon you are presented with ocean views like no other and a glimpse of the edge of the Na Pali coastline. As cliched as it sounds, it honestly feels like you are looking out onto the edge of the world.
View of Na Pali Coast from the top of Waimea
And that was our Hawaii trip! Despite our initial apprehensions, we had an amazing time and fell in love with the Hawaiian landscape; from the rainforests, to the beaches, to the ocean, to the volcanos, Hawaii has so much to see outside of the typical glamorous cocktail resort- and, in that respect, Hawaii well exceeded our expectations.
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*written by Jo, read by Jasper*
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text:
Cultures of Madness. Liminal Phenomena of the Urban Modern Era (1870–1930)
This research network aims to establish and develop a cultural history of madness in the modern era. We examine the period between 1870 and 1930, investigating the cultural discourses, practices and techniques of the time, which together fostered and led to a modern, pluralistic, and polymorphic understanding of madness.
The focus of our research project is on the historic-epistemological topography of modern-era liminal phenomena, which display madness as an urban phenomenon through discursive, institutional, and media-related dimensions. We trace and investigate the interferences between subjective and cultural history, knowledge and illusion, visibility and invisibility. What comes to light are quite variable modes of explanation, interpretation, representation, and meaning, depending on the different cultural milieus they grew from. This variety of paradigms formed the overall semantics of madness within budding metropolitan culture.
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
Zentrum für Literatur-und Kulturforschung Berlin
2009–2012 (Phase 1), 2012–2016 (Phase 2)
Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) 2009–2016
Research collaborative Kulturen des Wahnsinns
(extensive information in German)
Subproject(s)
Narratives of Madness in Metropolitan Areas between 1900–1930
Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) 2009–2012 (Phase 1)
Head researcher(s): Armin Schäfer
The transformation of traditional narratives and the formation of new modes of representation in the literature of classic modernity attests to the decisive role assumed by madness and the metropolis. Literature on life in the metropolis is stamped by a knowledge of madness that pervades scholarly treatises, essays, and literary texts in equal measure, a phenomenon that the distinction between literary and scientific culture fails to entirely apprehend and describe. This project examines an ensemble of rhetorical strategies along with narrative forms and procedures in the effort to comprehend madness and link the distinctive qualities of the mad individual to the generality of disease. At the same time, it analyzes the ways in which a knowledge base that approaches madness as an incomprehensible reality is overlaid with literary depictions of the city as itself incoherent and incomprehensible: What psychiatric texts define as pathological behavior emerges in literary texts as a basic experience of urban modernity. By integrating the hermeneutical perspective of psychiatry and then superimposing other forms of knowledge onto the analysis of narratives of madness, the project seeks to develop conceptions of the psychopathic personality and psychopathic characters. It thereby highlights the new modes of narration that emerge in the literature on madness that, in turn, prove foundational to representations of urban modernity.
The Sick Generation. Medicine and Prostitution in Early-20th-Century Berlin
Dissertation project funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) 2009–2012 (Phase 1)
Associate Researcher(s): Stefan Wünsch
This dissertation pursues many objectives. One is the examination of medical police controls on prostitution in the early-20th century that drew attention to and enforced sexual differences through venereological inspections. The interest lies in the contact between the inspector and the inspected, the moment when the disciplinary knowledge systems of gynaecology and criminology interlock with modern urban planning. The figure of the prostitute brings a specific type of narrative into focus that is then examined in terms of its distribution and circulation within a historical set of ideas about knowledge. The central question, therefore, becomes: How does the sexual self orient itself in regards to venereal disease? Or more generally, how are people made into subjects in our culture?
In addition to concerns based on questions of content, the study also thematizes the question of form, namely of the form of knowledge that the project itself participates in. The project explicitly asks about the possibilities of writing an academic work that does not just aim to reconstruct a discourse and its various formations, but also invariably reflects on research writing as a process of generating knowledge. In so doing, the project strives to apprehend the modes of representation that contribute to the construction of disciplinary claims to truth. The principle objective is to configure a textual collage that encourages a step beyond the confinements of disparate disciplines. In this manner, the project endeavors to engage with texts as material that is open for dialogue and further reflection and research.
Documents of Madness. Fabulieren and Querulieren in Literature and Psychiatry
Head researcher(s): Cornelius Borck, Armin Schäfer
Associate Researcher(s): Sophia Könemann, Sonja Mählmann
Using ego-documents in addition to literary and psychiatric texts that were written between 1870 and 1930, this project examines how Fabulation and Querulation were established, differentiated, criticized, and finally rejected once again as two categories of madness.
The first step of the project is to show that Fabulation and Querulation follow discrete rules, laws, and principles, whose own logic can be attributed to medial requirements, the process of writing itself, and cultural factors.
The second step involves reconstructing the transformations literature and psychiatry experienced in their engagement with Fabulation and Querulation, which includes both the genesis and practice of a fabulative writing style in literature as well as changes traced through the discourse and the practices of psychiatry.
The third step demonstrates the relevance of this theme as part of a theory of modernity. With Fabulation and Querulation psychiatry explored phenomena that it also in fact created, which demanded second-order observations and a conceptualization of systemic processes.
While psychiatry's dealings with Fabulation and Querulation presented a problem that it was unable to solve, new developments in literature and the sciences were initiated by Fabulation: on the one hand, literature cultivated a specific modern narrative through Fabulation, which weakened the schematic distinction between fiction and reality; and on the other hand, psychology gained a new understanding of the relationship between reality and language in its study of Fabulation.
›Total Strangers‹? The Figure of the Autistic in Science and Literature
Associate Researcher(s): Novina Göhlsdorf
Autism was coined in 1910 by psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler to describe a symptom of schizophrenia. Then, in the 1940s it became the term used for an entire syndrome that afflicted children. It took some time before it gradually became disassociated from madness. Now, autism is understood in a new light as a complex »developmental disorder«. Not only is it the subject of intense research in psychiatry, but also in biology and the neurosciences, among other disciplines. Furthermore, autism has gained the attention of the public sphere in many countries around the globe. It frequently makes headlines in the daily papers and is discussed in online forums. In fact, today people with autism are considered ideal candidates for employment in the IT sector, and it is not uncommon to find autistic protagonists in films and novels.
This project will culminate in a history of knowledge that sheds light on a range of historical conceptions of autism with the aid of scientific, literary, and popular sources. It also posits the question of which epistemic effects various methods of representation (in texts, films, and images) have on specific concepts of autism and how interactions between different discourses impact them as well.
These concepts will be regarded in their cultural-historical context as driving forces behind and expressions of significant cultural debates in the 20th and 21st centuries. Conceptions of autism always already involve negotiating models of subjectivity, communication, or empathy, and of childhood and family. Representations of autism, which often portray it as an interpersonal disorder per se, elucidate historically variable understandings of the ›social‹. It is precisely through its constitutive intangibility that the figure of the autistic often makes visible that which it is not – and thus often occupies a position in the vacuous center of social self-descriptions.
Cornelius Borck, Armin Schäfer (ed./eds.)
Das psychiatrische Aufschreibesystem
Wilhelm Fink Verlag, München 2015, 271 pages
Armin Schäfer
Franz Biberkopfs Wahnsinn, in: Volker Hess, Heinz-Peter Schmiedebach (eds.): Am Rande des Wahnsinns. Schwellenräume einer urbanen Moderne. Wien: Böhlau 2011
Das molekulare Unbewusste. Bemerkung zum Anti-Ödipus, in: Christine Kirchhoff, Gerhard Scharbert (eds.): Freuds Referenzen. Berlin: Kulturverlag Kadmos 2011, 231–249
Die Archivfunktion in der Psychiatrie (Kraepelin, Jaspers), in: Burkhardt Wolf, Thomas Weitin (eds.): Gewalt der Archive. Konstanz: Konstanz UP 2011
Die Wörter ihre Arbeit tun lassen: Jelineks Stimmen, in: Thomas Eder, Juliane Vogel (eds.): Lob der Oberfläche. Annäherungen an das Werk Elfriede Jelineks. München: Fink 2010, 7–16
Erschöpfte Literatur. Über das Neue bei Samuel Beckett, in: Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 32.4 (2009), 329–344
Biopolitik, in: Roland Borgards, Harald Neumeyer (eds.): Büchner-Handbuch. Leben – Werk – Wirkung. Stuttgart, Weimar: Metzler 2009, 176–181
Existenzmöglichkeiten: Versuch über die Auflösung des sensomotorischen Schemas in Thomas Bernhards 'Amras', in: Modern Austrian Literature 42.1 (2009), 45–61
Souveränität und Moral im barocken Trauerspiel, in: Maximilian Bergengruen, Roland Borgards (eds.): Bann der Gewalt. Göttingen: Wallstein 2009, 387–421
Spur und Symptom. Zur Erforschung der Handschrift in der Psychiatrie, in: Barbara Wittmann (ed.): Spuren erzeugen. Zeichnen und Schreiben als Verfahren der Selbstaufzeichnung, Berlin. Zürich: Diapahnes 2009, 21–38
Abschlussveranstaltung der DFG-Forschergruppe
03 Jul 2015 · 4.00 pm
Kulturen des Wahnsinns
Ambulatorium, RAW-Tempel, Revaler Str. 99, 10245 Berlin
03 Jul 2014 – 04 Jul 2014
Figurationen der Störung
ZfL, Schützenstr. 18, 10117 Berlin, 3. Et.
Internationale Konferenz mit Filmreihe
15 Nov 2013 – 16 Nov 2013
Spekulantenwahn zwischen ökonomischer Rationalität und medialer Imagination
Jacob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum, Geschwister-Scholl-Str. 3, 10117 Berlin und Kino Arsenal, Potsdamer Str. 2, 10785 Berlin
Workshop der DFG-Forschergruppe Kulturen des Wahnsinns
21 Mar 2013 – 23 Mar 2013
Wahnsinn und Methode. Notieren, Ordnen, Schreiben in der Psychiatrie
Institut für Medizingeschichte und Wissenschaftsforschung der Universität Lübeck, Königstraße 42, Hörsaal
Am Rande des Wahnsinns. Aus der Werkstatt einer kultur- und medizinhistorischen Forschergruppe


Rosé has exploded in the U.S. the past few years, and for good reason. The delicate flavorings bring taste buds to life, which is why more and more people scouring the shelves for more rosé.
Red, white, blush—the trio of wines that have had people embracing love and life for centuries. The consumption of rosé has been on the rise since 1990. Today, "one in three bottles of wine purchased is a bottle of rosé," according to the Council of the Wines of Provence.
As you're searching the stores for the best rosé for various occasions, you'll need to know what exactly rosé is and how people create it. We've provided a comprehensive guide to rosé wine so that you can get to sipping, enjoying, and living!
When learning about rosé, it's important to understand the process of creating wine color in general. There are two different processes that tend to create rosé wines.
The way that wines receive their color is from the clear juice's contact with the skin of the grapes. As those sit with each other—think of it as a margination—the skin color bleeds into the juice, giving the wine its red or yellow color. This process is called maceration.
Many make rosés via the maceration process. Whereas red grape skins may soak in the juice for weeks or months at a time for red wine, the process is much shorter for rosé wine. Winemakers will create the wine by juicing red grapes and allowing the juice to soak with the skins for a very short period of time—about two or three days.
As the juice takes on the color we all know and love, the skins are removed, and the fermentation process begins.
This method of creating rosé comes from the direct-press of the grapes. Basically, this process involves "bleeding off" a portion of red wine juice after it has been in contact with the skins. Saignée-made rosé wines are going to be darker and stronger than a maceration-made rosé.
When it comes to picking out the perfect wine for your taste buds, you'll want to think about the regionality of the wine. Knowing where the rosé is from and what types of grapes used to make it will help you make a more informed decision about the wine to buy. This where the old and new world comes into play.
Old World wines come from grapes grown on incredibly old (think centuries) vines in Europe. The mature vines create an earthier and more acidic wine. Provence, France, is the rosé capital of the world—the area has been making wine for centuries. The soil and moderate climate make for delicious wines.
Therefore, the old world Provence rosé is a perfect choice for drinking.
New World wines are those produced outside of the traditional wine growing areas of Europe. Think California, Oregon, New Zealand, and Chile. Oregon is a great wine country—sharing the same latitudinal gradient as growing regions in Southern France, winemakers get the same moderate climate.
Pinot Noir grapes are full of qualifications—they do not fair well under extreme weather conditions. But when winemakers do it well, Pinot Noir gives a bright acidity complemented by subtle aromas of watermelon, strawberries, and crabapple. You'll love the delicately fruity rosé for it's elegant and subtle flavorings. Keep in mind, fruity does not necessarily mean sweet.
Light seafood options or fresh vegetable and goat cheese salads.
Syrah rosés are full of rich flavor and an oily texture—this is a unique and intense rosé. The full-bodied wines ooze cherry flavors, red pepper flake, and have a hint of bitter lime zest. If you're looking for a fruity rosé, this is not what you want to grab from the shelves.
Italian inspired foods, such as a light pepperoni pizza or lemon-garlic shrimp and paella.
This style of rosé is gaining popularity from various regions in Spain. The pale pink color draws you in as the savory and fruity components of the wine keep you coming back for more. The herbaceous notes of grilled chicken and green peppercorns pair delightfully well with the watermelon and raspberry notes.
Spanish cuisine or barbeque grilled meats.
As previously stated, rosé from Provence is some of the best you can get. You can drink this Provence style wine anywhere, whether it's in the backyard or at a formal wedding. The crisp and fresh wine makes it extremely versatile and its notes of rose petal pair well with the salty minerality left in your mouth.
Almost anything—from seafood to veal to French toast.
Another dry rosé, Tavel has more structure and body than other pink wines. It has all of the wonderful characteristics of red wine—it just lacks the bold coloring. Typically, low in acidity but high in alcohol, Tavel offers nutty notes that intensify the summer berry richness of the wine.
Barbequed meats such as brisket or meat-filled charcuterie board.
You'll notice these wines by their pale coral hue. The floral notes perfectly bring out the violets and rose petals which accentuate the red plums and cherries. Better yet, you'll also notice dried herbs and a bit of smoke. This fruity and floral wine is round and full-bodied.
Mediterranean meals—grilled lamb with fresh pita bread.
Made exclusively by the Saignée method, Cabernet rosés are a deep ruby red color with flavors similar to red-wine. The main difference between the rosé and the red wine is the heightened acidity you'll find in the rosé. The concentrated cherry notes mesh well with the black pepper.
The notes of green melon, yellow peach, and roses are what make Sangiovese rosés such an incredible wine to sip. The bright copper red color shimmers in the light and is perfect for a summer day.
Chicken and various other Mediterranean inspired dishes.
One of the fruitiest rosés, Grenache has the perfect levels of tannins and acidity. Best served cold, you'll admire the subtle notes of orange and hibiscus that perfectly complement the ripe strawberries.
Creamy Mediterranean and light Italian dishes.
The rosé that tainted the complexity of other rosés, Zinfandel rosé wines are going to be sweet as can be. The candied strawberry tastes mesh well with the cotton candy, lemon, and green melon notes.
Our guide to rosé wine is complete! Remember that whichever rosé wine style you decide to go for, Wines 'Til Sold Out has what you need. Our online wine shop features some of the best rosés. If you want more, try our tasting packages which will make you the wine expert in your friend group.