You may wonder what the heck does Bûche de Noël has anything to do with Persian food. I would wonder that too if I were you, but I have a very good and legit answer to that question.
Can anyone guess which popular Persian cookbook this picture is from? It is safe to say that most Iranian women that I came across growing up had a copy of this book. It was a must in every household.
I have to confess that this was by far the most ambitious recipes I have ever made. It took two tries and a lot of patience. But in the end, I have to say, it was all worth it.
Let me begin by saying that my mom is an accomplished baker. She can bake amazing things. When it comes to baking recipes I trust her completely. So when I announced my ambitious plan to finally try and make the log, she immidiately reminded me of what she has said as far back as I can remember. Don't follow Mrs. Montazami's recipes for sweets. So she sent over her recipe and I went to work.
The first time I made it, the cake sheet was way too sweet and it came out too dry because the oven temperature that I was told to bake it in was a bit too low. And no one told me to spray the parchment paper…I ended up over baking it a bit and consequently it fell apart when I wanted to roll it. But honestly, it was not all a loss because it made making the whole thing much easier the second time. My mom suggested doing a couple of things differently and by God, this time I made it all the way to the end!!
Let's get this baking party started!
…until you get white peaks. Set aside in a separate bowl.
…until it turns into a lighter color such as above.
Place almonds in a food processor and grind.
Place corn flour, regular flour, and almond meal in a bowl.
With a whisk, or fork, mix together.
Add to the sugar and egg yolk mixture.
Take one third of the egg whites and gently fold into the egg, sugar and flour mixture. Gently fold in the rest.
Initially, the batter is going to be pretty dry. However, as you fold in the egg whites it becomes easier to manage.
Place parchement paper in a cookie sheet and spray generously with "Baking Spray." Spread the batter as evenly as possible onto the cookie sheet. It is very important that the batter is spread as evenly as possible. Bake at 350° for 10 minutes.
In the mean time moisten a clean towel with water. The idea for it is to be moist, not wet.
When the cake sheet is baked it should be a nice pale golden color. Place the moist towel on top of the cake while it is still hot.
Gently, and I mean GENTLY, roll the dough onto itself.
Let the rolled cake sheet stand rolled up in the towel for one hour until it cools down completely.
In the mean time make the simple syrup by placing water, sugar, vanilla, and rum in a pan. Bring to a boil and stir until sugar is dissolved. This should only take a few minutes. Remove from heat and let it cool down.
Gently unfold the cake sheet and generously spread the simple syrup all over the cake. Try to do this as evenly as possible making sure that the cake is moistened all over but not wet. Carefully fold again in the towel. Let stand for about half hour. Then gently unfold and moisten the cake sheet again.
Now on to the filling. Whip the whipping cream with powdered sugar.
Gently unfold the cake sheet and spread the whipping cream on about 2/3 of it. Save 1/3 of a cup of whipped cream for later.
Here comes the tricky part folks!!!! GENTLY, CAREFULLY, PATIENTLY begin rolling the cake sheet. Use parchment paper when rolling.
You may have little accidents along the way as seen above. Don't get discouraged! It's OK! it will all be covered! That's what I told myself the whole time!!!
Gently keep on rolling as tightly as possible.
Spread the whipped cream, that is pushed out during the rolling, evenly across the cake before finishing up the rolling process.
Take the parchment paper and roll it around the cake sheet roll.
Take the end and pull to tighten up the cake sheet roll. Roll the cake sheet (rolled in the parchment paper) in the towel again making sure that the ends are sealed. Place in the fridge for two hours.
For the icing we will make a Ganache. Warm up the whipping cream. Remove from heat. Add chocolate chips. You can add either bitter-sweet or milk chocolate. I personally like bitter-sweet chocolate so that is what I used. If you really want to get fancy, you could also add some rum to your Ganache.
Mix well until all the chocolate is melted. Let it all cool down to room temperature.
Assemble the log before icing. With a serrated knife cut each end of the cake sheet roll. Then cut one small portion of it diagonally, as shown above.
Spread the saved whipped cream on the diagonally cut end of the smaller piece. The whipped cream will serve as glue.
Attach the piece to the log. It is best to place seam side down. Kindly pretend that you didn't notice my little boo boo here!!! I repeat it is all OK because lucky us, it is all going to be covered!!
Spread the chocolate Ganache all over the log.
This takes a little while and a bit of patience. I found that it was easier to cover the whole log with chocolate, then place it in the fridge for about half hour.
Go back and place more chocolate. Try to smooth out the top as much as possible.
With the back of a fork trace the top of the log. Cover and place back in the fridge until ready to serve!
Not bad for a first try!!! The cake sheet should be nice and moist. The whipped cream should have a hint of sweetness. And the Ganache should be nice and firm by now and simply heavenly! The three are such a delicious combination.
And there you have it people!!! Le Bûche de Noël, in the foreground and the inspiration in the background. Phew, now I've got this one out of my system!!!
I can now let you in on a little secret. After having done this, I can openly announce that Persian Roulette will most definitely make an appearance on this blog very soon….as soon as I recover from having made this one that is!!!!!
Amazing… I also remember this from the late Roza Montazemi's book!
@ Mehrdad, you should try making it someday!!
@ Kolaleh, tomato paste? I would have never in a million years thought tomato paste would go with pastry!!!
I"ll try to make it for the Xmas party. The last time I baked a cake was last year. It did look great but was a bit too heavy!
OH.MY.GOD. that was a beautiful cake! I am seriously impressed!
WOW! I'm seriously impressed too. It looks gorgeous. Gorgeous and cute at the same time, if that makes any sense. I admire your patience and sheer commitment! If you're feeling less ambitious some time, try my Chocolate Drop Cookies with Sour Cherries and Pistachios.
i'm not a baker but i cook a lot and mix recipes .this was amazing and the step by step recipe was great. i wish you could bake it for us.
@ Maryam, If i can bake this, so can you!!! Best of wishes for a Merry xmas to you and yours!
Forgot to add: The only Yule Log that will be making an appearance in my household is the one on TV. LOL!
Merry Christmas and Happy 2010 to you, too!
Thank you so much for sharing such detailed and wonderful instructions- beautiful pictures, too!! I've been looking for something like this for such a long time- this post has helped greatly! I'll give it a shot tonight.
Thanks Julie! I made another one this afternoon for tomorrow.
I like this sweet very much.But can it me make without eggs???? I mean instead of egg can we add something else to make this desert????
Sapna, I am not an expert in substitutions when it comes to baking so I don't really know what the egg can be substituted with and still maintain the consistency.
Thank you so much for sharing detailed instructions with photos like this. I grew up in Iran and rollette has always been my favorite pastry. I live in the U.S. now and was having cravings for it so I actually picked up my Montazami book, read the recipe and found it a bit confusing but your instructions and pictures should help tremendously. I will let you know how it will come out once I try it.
Vira, rollette is so so so good. Which reminds me that I should probably make it and post it on here. Please do let me know how yours comes out!
Great step by step instructions! I am waiting for the roulette recipe. Please post!
I loved it. Very detailed and clear. You have done an amazing job on explaining the procedure. I just did not understand what rum is. I guess I can still go ahead and make it without rum. I am going to start baking it tonight. It sounds a bit difficult, so I am not expecting a huge success today. I am sure it will be easier next week that I have some friend over here in my apartment and I want to show off Persian pastry. Thanks for sharing it!
Baharak, rum is a type of hard alcohol. Good lucky making this recipe!!!
I forgot "Baking Spray" and my paper was not even the right parchment paper. Everything got stuck to that and none of my effort worked to get the cake sheet away of paper. Everything went to trash bin!
I tasted the half baked cake and it tasted good though.
Just a quick question: how long it usually takes to whisk egg whites with the 2 tbsp of powdered sugar to get white peaks?
Baharak, sorry your first attempt was not successful, mine wasn't either. I had to do it twice. I would say it takes about 5 minutes or so to beat the egg whites. Good luck!!!
I finally made my first Roulette. Despite my rush to finish (it was late night), it was tasty and good looking!
Thanks for your help and instructions!


text:
Risk of Stroke and Blood Thinners
Choosing Blood Thinners or Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) Closure
Living With Atrial Fibrillation
Tips to Live Better With AFib
How Active Can I Be?
Physical Activity With AFib: Q&A
Watch: Atrial Fibrillation
July 01, 2021 CardioSmart News
Drinking alcohol appears to have an immediate – or near-immediate – effect on heart rhythm, significantly raising the likelihood of an episode of atrial fibrillation (AFib), according to data presented at the American College of Cardiology's 70thAnnual Scientific Session in May.
Even just one glass of wine, beer or other alcoholic beverage can double the chance of an AFib event within the next four hours. Among people having two or more drinks in one sitting, there was a more than threefold higher chance of experiencing AFib.
"Alcohol is the most commonly consumed drug in the world, and there is still a lot we don't understand about what it does to our bodies and, in particular, our hearts," said Gregory M. Marcus, MD, cardiologist and professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, and the study's lead author. "Based on our data, we found that alcohol can acutely influence the likelihood that an episode of AFib will occur within a few hours, and the more alcohol consumed, the higher the risk of having an event."
Marcus and his team examined data from 100 patients with paroxysmal or intermittent AFib which, unlike chronic AFib, tends to go away within a short period of time. Patients in the study were 64 years old on average; 85% of participants were white and 80% were men.
Each patient was fitted with a wearable heart monitor that continuously tracked their heart rhythm and an ankle sensor that could track alcohol consumption of more than two to three drinks on a given occasion. Participants were asked to press a button on the heart monitor each time they had an alcoholic drink. Finger stick blood tests measuring alcohol consumption in the previous few weeks were also used to corroborate self-reported drinking events. Data showed that every 0.1% increase in a person's inferred blood alcohol concentration over the previous 12 hours was associated with an approximate 40% higher odds of an AFib episode. Overall, more than half (56) had an episode of AFib during the four-week study.
"Patients have been telling us that alcohol is a trigger for AFib for a long time, but it's been hard, if not impossible, to study because there is a critical temporal relationship that requires a real-time assessment of alcohol intake and heart rhythm," Marcus said. "This is the first study to objectively demonstrate and quantify the real-time relationship between alcohol consumption and AFib episodes. While this study was limited to people with intermittent AFib, it's reasonable to extrapolate the fact that in many people alcohol may be the main trigger for an initial episode."
Marcus said there may be other factors – such as race/ethnicity, sex, genetics or other environmental exposures – that influence alcohol's effect on the heart in various ways and need to be studied. In addition, people often pair alcohol with foods that are high in sodium (salt), while some pour a drink because they feel stressed, so there may be other things that play a role. The findings also run counter to previous reports about the potentially protective role of alcohol on heart health when used in moderation.
"There is conventional wisdom that alcohol is 'good' or 'healthy' for the heart, based on observational studies, but that relates to coronary heart disease and heart attack. These new data present an interesting conundrum regarding the overall risks versus benefits of alcohol in moderation," Marcus said. "But the data is very clear that more is not better when it comes to alcohol; those who drink more have a higher risk of heart attack and death."
The general recommendation for daily alcohol consumption is no more than one standard alcoholic beverage a day for women and two for men. When patients with AFib ask how they can avoid an episode, he often recommends limiting, if not eliminating, alcohol.
"But we have to consider quality of life as well, which is both relevant to arrhythmia symptoms and the opportunity to enjoy a glass of wine once in a while for some. So, it's not as simple as instructing everyone to avoid alcohol," Marcus said.
The study was funded by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
AFib is the most common heart rhythm disorder. It is often characterized by a rapid, chaotic and fluttery heartbeat. For more information, visit CardioSmart.org/AFib.
YOU ARE HERE: Topics Atrial Fibrillation News

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


HF Plasma Cutter CUT50 50AMP 110/220V Double Voltage & Consumables. 50 AMP 110/240V PLASMA CUTTER - 2018 MODEL w POWER PT31 TORCH. TRUE 50AMP HF Start PLASMA CUTTER. EMC, LVD, C-TICK SAFETY STANDARDS!! BRAND NEW IN THE BOX with ACCESSORIES and FREE CONSUMABLES! With the integrated Plasma cutter CUT 50 can be cut without problems all conductive metals. For example: aluminum, steel, copper, brass, titanium and so on (depending on material).
Absolutely easy-to-use HF high-frequency contact ignition.. A light stroke over the workpiece is sufficient. Smart Cooling Fast cooling fan allows maximum power consumption and increases the operating time (ED) of the unit. Overheat protection starts as soon as the unit is overloaded. A yellow indicator light turns on and goes out as soon as the unit has cooled down again.
Cutting power up to 14 mm. Material thickness (depending on material). With all our devices, we trust in MOSFET technology from Toshiba , whose innovative solutions set new standards in welding technology. The single-phase alternating current is to be protected in the household with a 16 A fuse. The welding machine is connected directly to the single-phase alternating current (AC) 110/230 V (+ -15%), 50/60 Hz operation. The item "PLASMA CUTTER WELDRES 50A HF INVERTER CUT WELDING MACHINE 60% DUTY CYCLE NEW" is in sale since Friday, January 11, 2019.
This item is in the category "Business, Office & Industrial\Metalworking/Milling/Welding\Welding & Soldering\Welding\Welders, Cutters & Torches\Plasma Cutters". The seller is "igbttech" and is located in NY. This item can be shipped to all countries in Europe.


The Marketing Terminology Test has been specifically designed to enable employers and recruiters to identify potential hires by evaluating working skills and job readiness. For this reason, emphasis is laid upon evaluating the knowledge of applied skills gained through real work experience, rather than theoretical knowledge.
The Marketing Terminology Test has been designed to assess your knowledge about the various aspects of Marketing Terminology related to Pricing Techniques, Branding Evolution, Marketing Models, Marketing Functions and Product Stages.


text:
require 'spec_helper'

require 'puppet/indirector/catalog/compiler'
require 'puppet/rails'

describe Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler do
  before do
    require 'puppet/rails'
    Puppet::Rails.stubs(:init)
    Facter.stubs(:to_hash).returns({})
    Facter.stubs(:value).returns(Facter::Util::Fact.new("something"))
  end

  describe "when initializing" do
    before do
      Puppet.expects(:version).returns(1)
      Facter.expects(:value).with('fqdn').returns("my.server.com")
      Facter.expects(:value).with('ipaddress').returns("my.ip.address")
    end

    it "should gather data about itself" do
      Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
    end

    it "should cache the server metadata and reuse it" do
      compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      node1 = stub 'node1', :merge => nil
      node2 = stub 'node2', :merge => nil
      compiler.stubs(:compile)
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).with('node1', anything).returns(node1)
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).with('node2', anything).returns(node2)

      compiler.find(Puppet::Indirector::Request.new(:catalog, :find, 'node1', nil, :node => 'node1'))
      compiler.find(Puppet::Indirector::Request.new(:catalog, :find, 'node2', nil, :node => 'node2'))
    end

    it "should provide a method for determining if the catalog is networked" do
      compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      compiler.should respond_to(:networked?)
    end
  end

  describe "when finding catalogs" do
    before do
      Facter.stubs(:value).returns("whatever")

      @compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      @name = "me"
      @node = Puppet::Node.new @name
      @node.stubs(:merge)
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).returns @node
      @request = Puppet::Indirector::Request.new(:catalog, :find, @name, nil, :node => @name)
    end

    it "should directly use provided nodes" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.expects(:find).never
      @compiler.expects(:compile).with(@node)
      @request.stubs(:options).returns(:use_node => @node)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should use the authenticated node name if no request key is provided" do
      @request.stubs(:key).returns(nil)
      Puppet::Node.indirection.expects(:find).with(@name, anything).returns(@node)
      @compiler.expects(:compile).with(@node)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should use the provided node name by default" do
      @request.expects(:key).returns "my_node"

      Puppet::Node.indirection.expects(:find).with("my_node", anything).returns @node
      @compiler.expects(:compile).with(@node)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should fail if no node is passed and none can be found" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).with(@name, anything).returns(nil)
      proc { @compiler.find(@request) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError)
    end

    it "should fail intelligently when searching for a node raises an exception" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).with(@name, anything).raises "eh"
      proc { @compiler.find(@request) }.should raise_error(Puppet::Error)
    end

    it "should pass the found node to the compiler for compiling" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.expects(:find).with(@name, anything).returns(@node)
      config = mock 'config'
      Puppet::Parser::Compiler.expects(:compile).with(@node)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should extract and save any facts from the request" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.expects(:find).with(@name, anything).returns @node
      @compiler.expects(:extract_facts_from_request).with(@request)
      Puppet::Parser::Compiler.stubs(:compile)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should return the results of compiling as the catalog" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).returns(@node)
      config = mock 'config'
      result = mock 'result'

      Puppet::Parser::Compiler.expects(:compile).returns result
      @compiler.find(@request).should equal(result)
    end

    it "should benchmark the compile process" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).returns(@node)
      @compiler.stubs(:networked?).returns(true)
      @compiler.expects(:benchmark).with do |level, message|
        level == :notice and message =~ /^Compiled catalog/
      end
      Puppet::Parser::Compiler.stubs(:compile)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should log the benchmark result" do
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).returns(@node)
      @compiler.stubs(:networked?).returns(true)
      Puppet::Parser::Compiler.stubs(:compile)

      Puppet.expects(:notice).with { |msg| msg =~ /Compiled catalog/ }

      @compiler.find(@request)
    end
  end

  describe "when extracting facts from the request" do
    before do
      Facter.stubs(:value).returns "something"
      @compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      @request = stub 'request', :options => {}

      @facts = Puppet::Node::Facts.new('hostname', "fact" => "value", "architecture" => "i386")
      Puppet::Node::Facts.indirection.stubs(:save).returns(nil)
    end

    it "should do nothing if no facts are provided" do
      Puppet::Node::Facts.indirection.expects(:convert_from).never
      @request.options[:facts] = nil

      @compiler.extract_facts_from_request(@request)
    end

    it "should use the Facts class to deserialize the provided facts and update the timestamp" do
      @request.options[:facts_format] = "foo"
      @request.options[:facts] = "bar"
      Puppet::Node::Facts.expects(:convert_from).returns @facts

      @facts.timestamp = Time.parse('2010-11-01')
      @now = Time.parse('2010-11-02')
      Time.expects(:now).returns(@now)

      @compiler.extract_facts_from_request(@request)
      @facts.timestamp.should == @now
    end

    it "should use the provided fact format" do
      @request.options[:facts_format] = "foo"
      @request.options[:facts] = "bar"
      Puppet::Node::Facts.expects(:convert_from).with { |format, text| format == "foo" }.returns @facts

      @compiler.extract_facts_from_request(@request)
    end

    it "should convert the facts into a fact instance and save it" do
      @request.options[:facts_format] = "foo"
      @request.options[:facts] = "bar"
      Puppet::Node::Facts.expects(:convert_from).returns @facts

      Puppet::Node::Facts.indirection.expects(:save).with(@facts)

      @compiler.extract_facts_from_request(@request)
    end
  end

  describe "when finding nodes" do
    before do
      Facter.stubs(:value).returns("whatever")
      @compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      @name = "me"
      @node = mock 'node'
      @request = Puppet::Indirector::Request.new(:catalog, :find, @name, nil)
      @compiler.stubs(:compile)
    end

    it "should look node information up via the Node class with the provided key" do
      @node.stubs :merge
      Puppet::Node.indirection.expects(:find).with(@name, anything).returns(@node)
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end
  end

  describe "after finding nodes" do
    before do
      Puppet.expects(:version).returns(1)
      Facter.expects(:value).with('fqdn').returns("my.server.com")
      Facter.expects(:value).with('ipaddress').returns("my.ip.address")
      @compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      @name = "me"
      @node = mock 'node'
      @request = Puppet::Indirector::Request.new(:catalog, :find, @name, nil)
      @compiler.stubs(:compile)
      Puppet::Node.indirection.stubs(:find).with(@name, anything).returns(@node)
    end

    it "should add the server's Puppet version to the node's parameters as 'serverversion'" do
      @node.expects(:merge).with { |args| args["serverversion"] == "1" }
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should add the server's fqdn to the node's parameters as 'servername'" do
      @node.expects(:merge).with { |args| args["servername"] == "my.server.com" }
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end

    it "should add the server's IP address to the node's parameters as 'serverip'" do
      @node.expects(:merge).with { |args| args["serverip"] == "my.ip.address" }
      @compiler.find(@request)
    end
  end

  describe "when filtering resources" do
    before :each do
      Facter.stubs(:value)
      @compiler = Puppet::Resource::Catalog::Compiler.new
      @catalog = stub_everything 'catalog'
      @catalog.stubs(:respond_to?).with(:filter).returns(true)
    end

    it "should delegate to the catalog instance filtering" do
      @catalog.expects(:filter)
      @compiler.filter(@catalog)
    end

    it "should filter out virtual resources" do
      resource = mock 'resource', :virtual? => true
      @catalog.stubs(:filter).yields(resource)

      @compiler.filter(@catalog)
    end

    it "should return the same catalog if it doesn't support filtering" do
      @catalog.stubs(:respond_to?).with(:filter).returns(false)

      @compiler.filter(@catalog).should == @catalog
    end

    it "should return the filtered catalog" do
      catalog = stub 'filtered catalog'
      @catalog.stubs(:filter).returns(catalog)

      @compiler.filter(@catalog).should == catalog
    end

  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Ann explicit 'war song' from 1917 – though entirely un-warlike in character – is Tom Sails Away. Here the hallucinatory textures create a haze of childhood memories, shadowed by the consciousness of war in Europe. The popular song 'Over there' is referred to in the music, along with 'Araby's daughter' and Ives's great favourite, 'Columbia, the Jewel of the Ocean'. The elegiac close suggests that the kid brother who has enlisted and taken ship for 'over there' will not return.
«Chant de guerre» explicite, mais nullement martial: Tom Sails Away (1917) [«Tom part en bateau»], où les textures hallucinatoires font naître une brume de souvenirs d'enfance, assombrie par la conscience de la guerre en Europe. La musique fait référence au chant populaire «Over There» [«Là-bas»], mais aussi à «Araby's daughter» et à «Columbia, the Jewel of the Ocean», l'air préféré de Ives. La conclusion élégiaque laisse penser que le petit frère qui s'est enrôlé et a embarqué pour «là-bas» ne reviendra pas.
Tom Sails Away ["Tom segelt davon"] von 1917 ist ein weiteres und stärker ausgeprägtes "Kriegslied" – auch wenn es seinem Charakter nach völlig unkriegerisch ist. Hier schaffen die halluzinatorischen musikalischen Texturen eine Wolke von Kindheitserinnerungen, die vom Wissen um den Krieg in Europa überschattet sind. In der Musik gibt es Anklänge an das Unterhaltungslied "Over There" ["Dort drüben"], wie auch an "Araby's Daughter" ["Arabys Tochter"] und an Ives' Lieblingslied "Columbia, the Jewel of the Ocean" ["Columbia, das Schmuckstück des Ozeans"]. Das elegische Ende lässt vermuten, dass der minderjährige Bruder, der sich freiwillig zur Armee gemeldet hat und mit dem Schiff nach "over there" [dort drüben] in See sticht, nicht mehr zurückkehren wird.


Successful aging and sustained good health in the naked mole rat: a long-lived mammalian model for biogerontology and biomedical research. Edrey YH et al., ILAR J. 2011;52(1):41-53.
Body size, energy metabolism and lifespan. Speakman JR. J Exp Biol. 2005 May;208(Pt 9):1717-30.


text:
Q: codeigniter image upload cant grab file name i have try and try and i just cant get my image to upload.
And i cant grab my image name when i try to echo it out :S.
can you see what im doing wrong.
here is my controller:
<?php
//ADMIN PAGE
if (! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access');

class News extends CI_Controller {

    //Write post when logged in as admin
    function write()
    {

        //insert image
        $config['upload_path'] = APPPATH .'/archive/img/news/';
        $config['allowed_types'] = 'gif|jpg|jpeg|png';
        $config['max_size']         = '9000';
        $config['encrypt_name']     = true;

        $this->load->library('upload', $config);
        $this->upload->do_upload('newsImage');

        $file_data = $this->upload->data();

        $newsData = array(
            'headline'      => $this->input->post('headline'),
            'description'   => $this->input->post('description'),
            'content'       => $this->input->post('content'),
            'creater'       => $this->session->userdata('username'),
            'ip'            => $this->session->userdata('ip'),
            'imgPath'       => $file_data['file_name']
        );

        echo "
";
        //print_r( $this->upload->data());
        //print_r($file_data);
        //print_r($_FILES);
        //print_r($this->input->post());
        print_r($newsData);
        echo "
";

        $this->load->model('admin/news_model');
        $this->news_model->insertNews($newsData);

        $data['main_content'] = 'admin/write_view';
        $this->load->view('template', $data);

    }

}

And my view file where i upload my image

<?php

echo form_open_multipart('admin/news/write');

echo form_input('headline', 'overskrift');

echo form_upload('newsImage');

echo form_textarea('description', 'indhold');

echo form_textarea('content', 'content');

echo form_submit('create', 'Opret nyhed');

echo form_close();

?>

A: I have edited your code. It may be work for you. If your folder is in root folder of application then no need to use APPPATH. I have also edited this in your code. Try this.
//Write post when logged in as admin
function write()
{
    //insert image
    $config['upload_path'] = 'archive/img/news/';
    $config['allowed_types'] = 'gif|jpg|jpeg|png';
    $config['max_size']         = '9000';
    $config['encrypt_name']     = true;

    $this->load->library('upload', $config);
    $this->upload->do_upload('newsImage');

    $file_data = $this->upload->data();

    $newsData = array(
        'headline'      => $this->input->post('headline'),
        'description'   => $this->input->post('description'),
        'content'       => $this->input->post('content'),
        'creater'       => $this->session->userdata('username'),
        'ip'            => $this->session->userdata('ip'),
        'imgPath'       => $_FILES['newsImage']['name']
    );

    echo "
";
    //print_r( $this->upload->data());
    //print_r($file_data);
    //print_r($_FILES);
    //print_r($this->input->post());
    print_r($newsData);
    echo "
";

    $this->load->model('admin/news_model');
    $this->news_model->insertNews($newsData);

    $data['main_content'] = 'admin/write_view';
    $this->load->view('template', $data);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This years Midsummer Fair on a cloudy and showery day, was subdued in nature, with many stallholders making ominous comments on the Salvoyn tariffs. The archery competition fortunately showed a marked improvement over previous years, drawing the comment "adequate" from Sir Salverian. The eventual winner of the gilt arrow was Captain Kurt, looking fully recovered from the wounds inflicted by the floating market scum. The Stone Cup was this year won by some surprise outsiders – the college students, who were still celebrating well into the following day. Fat Sal retained the pig -wrestling prize, and although aficionados spoke wistfully of Erik the Finger's stunning new technique, the big man himself was not competing. The day ended with a formal announcement that the two sheriffs had been re-elected unopposed.
The following day, Dragonfeast, dawned grey but dry. The Knight-Marshall and Lord Raphael Fitz-Simmons held open audiences by the Mootstone. The huge pile of petitions will probably take some time to clear, although some were granted immediately. These fortunate petitioners included Gax (official founder of the new orphanage) and Baron Scrope.
Early in the month the Court of Common Council convened to tackle the problems of civil unrest and the Salvoyn tariffs. On both subjects Alderman James Isenbard gave a lengthy and competent speech submitting, by way of conclusion, a number of motions for the council to debate in the coming month; one being a motion of censure and the others essentially escalating Linrodeth's own tariffs. These motions were seconded by Samantha Cox.
Citizens appear to be reassured by this firm response and no further incidents of protest have been reported, although the guilds remain wary and secretive. A little over a week after the announcement a reply was received from Salvoyn via the Envoy, Alan Griffiths. Salvoyn has agreed to drop the tariffs rather than compete in an unprofitable tariff war.
The ships 'Uselysses' and 'Allapsus' continue to dominate the docklands while their owners, Duke Alexander and Prince Pharos, await the King's return. The two failed suitors have already sailed home. While in port the Allapsus has been suffering from mysterious outbreaks of fires. The guard has been doubled, but the local watch remain unable to discover the cause of these fires.
The political disaster of the season has descended on Olnorth Dexter while he was relaxing into a series of informal concerts. Lilith Lansdowne has resigned her post as one of his chief lieutenants, returning to her old crony, Beatrice Perignon's party. Her departure has caused so much dissent and confusion that Olnorth's party has shrunk to a tiny faction of its former state. Disinterested observers have described Alderman Lansdowne's timing as "impeccable". The other Alderman on the move this month is Bert Belcher, who has quietly teamed up with the young apothecary Tilly Falgar. Rumour has it that the worthy meatmonger remains unconvinced of Ellis Devon's recovery. Since his disastrous duel Cllr Devon has made only sporadic forays into public life.
Our love-lorn councillor, Thomas Castlemaine, has been released from his luxurious detainment in the Hahnite temple. Unfortunately, no-one thought to warn him of an excellent reputation of their cellars and kitchens, and he is now suffering from a painful relapse into gout. Elsewhere socialite Poppy Soboll has fallen heavily for the respectable widower Osgeard Dunn. An unlikely pairing one might have thought, still, the Chroniclers wish them the best of luck.
Best news of the month is that the floating market has been broken up by the Noord living there. The large, mysterious structure built in the centre of the market was revealed as a longship when the Noord stepped the mast and rigged a colourful patchwork sail. Breaking out of the market with much enthusiasm, little skill and total disregard for anything in their path, the Noord took a couple of turns around the Ishta before heading upriver with a following wind. The Citadel appears to have been taken totally by surprise and although riders have been sent upriver to warn the market towns, it is unlikely that they will outpace the longship until the wind drops.
The duel between Malcolm Mowbray and Elliot Anderson was quickly resolved. The two councillors managed a few exchanges before Elliot, being even more cautious than Malcolm, retreated too hastily and stumbled. He was forced to concede before Cllr Mowbray would allow him to regain his feet and his dignity.
With only a brief delay for repetitions and verification of the seal, Matthew Dixon was duly released.


text:
Shirley Strain
Our beloved mother, Shirley Ann Strain, passed away at the age of 89 on Tuesday, September 20, 2022, at the Paula J. Baber Hospice Home in Fort Dodge, Iowa.
Shirley was born on August 22, 1933, to Mont Ralph "Bill" and Agnes (McDonald) Strain in Rodman, Iowa.
She was raised and educated in Graettinger, Iowa, and graduated from Graettinger High School in 1951. She was united in marriage to Charles Henry Warren on June 14, 1952, in Webster City, Iowa. They made their first home in Estherville, Iowa, where their first child was born. They then settled in Webster City, where Shirley worked for a local Furniture Store. They lived in Beatrice, Nebraska for a time and were active in the local Jaycees organization. Eventually they ended up in Hastings, Nebraska, where Shirley's activities involved nursing at the Ingleside Psychiatric Hospital, assistant girls track coach, and she spent several years as manager of House of Fabrics store there. While in Hastings Shirley and Charles were divorced. She returned to Webster City where she met and married Dick Hefty. She served as bookkeeper in their Hefty Homes Construction business.
Shirley's pleasures included: making porcelain dolls, tap dancing, playing cards, cooking, reading, writing, playing Nintendo with grandkids, teaching grandbabies to crawl, sewing, watching football games, and just cherished spending time with family and friends.
Shirley is survived by her daughter Christine (Christy) Warren of Sioux City, Iowa, Son Charley Warren of Sioux City, Iowa and Michelle (Bill) McBride of Lehigh, Iowa, 32 grandchildren and great-grandchildren, numerous nieces, nephews and cousins.
She was preceded in death by her parents Bill and Agnes Strain, husband Charles Warren, siblings Alice, Rose, Helen, Doris, Lois and Harold, and second husband Dick Hefty.
A prayer service to celebrate her life will be held on Saturday, September 24th, 2022, in the Chapel of the Laufersweiler Funeral Home at 11:00 AM. Visitation will begin at 10:00 AM at the funeral home prior to the service. Burial will be held at a later date at Graceland Cemetery in Webster City.
To plant a beautiful memorial tree in memory of Shirley Strain, please visit our Tribute Store
Sat, Sep 24, 2022 at 10:00 am - 11:00 am
Laufersweiler-Sievers Funeral Home
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Sat, Sep 24, 2022 at 11:00 am
Provide comfort for the family by planting a tree in memory of Shirley Strain


text:
L.A. Mayor Villaraigosa Needs A Job Fast
Kobe Bryant and Antonio Villaraigosa
The term-limited outgoing mayor of Los Angeles, Antonio Villaraigosa, is said to be searching desperately for a job to pay the bills when he leaves his $232,000 annual salary office in a few weeks. An L.A. Weekly analysis of his tax and financial statements says that the 60-year-old mayor, a regular in the front row at Lakers games, doesn't have any financial assets other than a small rental property in the exurban Moreno Valley. He doesn't own a house in Los Angeles or a car. In an interview with the local CBS station, Villaraigosa didn't exactly deny that he needs money pronto.
Barack Obama's financial situation was similarly fallow up until 2004 (doing a cash-out refi on the condo kept him afloat a couple of times). But, then, Obama's WASPy tastes run toward browsing at bookstores and playing mediocre golf courses, while Villaraigosa is more of a party in Cabo with Charlie Sheen kind of guy.
As you may recall, as part of the Democrats' Hispandering, Villaraigosa was chosen to preside as chairman of the 2012 Democratic convention, while a younger Mexican-American "mayor," Julian Castro, was chosen to give the keynote address. Castro isn't a real mayor — he gets paid only about $3,000 per year for his ceremonial position because San Antonio has a city manager form of government, with a city manager who gets paid $355,000. But it's easier for Democratic power brokers to launder money to support Castro because he is a real lawyer. (A big Democratic contributor / trial lawyer gave the politically promising Castro identical twins a huge sum of money as a fee for referring an accident victim to him.)
In contrast, mayor of Los Angeles is a real job. It's not as powerful of a position as mayor of Chicago or New York, and Villaraigosa has mostly treated it as one long photo op, but L.A. doesn't have a city manager.
Villaraigosa, however, is not a real lawyer — he gave up trying to become a lawyer after failing the difficult California bar exam four times — so he can't go to work for a Democratic-connected downtown law firm like a typical ex-mayor might. (For example, Jim Hahn, the respectable Democratic dynast mayor whom Villaraigosa defeated in 2005, went to work for a big real estate developer to provide "legal advice and business development." Now, the ex-mayor is a judge. But, then, Hahn passed the bar exam back in the 1970s, so he can be a judge.)
Besides, Villaraigosa gives off sleazeball fumes — local reporters in L.A. seem to despise Villaraigosa — that have repeatedly undermined the national media's attempts to portray him as the smiling face of the inevitability of the Hispanic Electoral Tidal Wave.
But that doesn't mean Villaraigosa won't someday get elected governor of California:
On Sept. 20, 2012, the mayor dined with Democratic strategist Garry South at Celestino Drago's downtown Drago Centro, across from the landmark Central Library, where South suggested Villaraigosa would be an excellent candidate for governor. "We're going to have a Latino governor sooner rather than later," South tells the Weekly. "It's inevitable. It's just a matter of who it's going to be."
Amusingly (but unamusingly for Villaraigosa), it now appears that Gov. Jerry Brown wants a fourth term, which would make him an 80 year old governor after he had been a 36 year old governor. But why not? He's Jerry Brown and career weirdness is just normal for him. So, Villaraigosa would be blocked until he's 65 in 2018.
The problem for the Democrats is that the Latino Talent Deficit leaves the California Democratic party seemingly stuck with Villaraigosa because it's clearly going to be the Latinos' Turn by 2018, but who else is there?
So, until 2018, Villaraigosa needs a job. I can't imagine that the Democrats won't eventually conjure one up for him. But, the fact that they've left him publicly hanging this late in the game, with nobody yet stepping forward to take on the inevitable duty of subsidizing Slick Villy's lifestyle for the next half decade, is evidence of how little respect Democratic insiders have for him.
Lots of people in L.A. remember Tony Villar as a lowrider with a Born to Raise Hell tattoo, then as a far left Chicano radical at UCLA, they remember the girl he knocked up and didn't marry, and the various domestic abuse incidents.
In pictures of Tony Villar from his days as a Mecha leader at UCLA in 1974, he looks pretty standard Chicano of the day (think Santana album covers). He's part of what's left of the receding Chicano wave that crested about 1972 that I talk about a lot.
About 1987 he retooled his image to become a yuppie leader supposedly representing the rising tide of immigrant Latinos. That's served his career well, but he's apparently still kind of an aging juvenile delinquent on the inside, which is why journalists in L.A. roll their eyes when the national media bandies rumors that Obama is about to appoint him Secretary of Transportation or Secretary of Commerce. They assume that the Mayor is the source of the rumors, and hope Obama doesn't believe the hype enough to put Villaraigosa in charge of national highway maintenance.
Villaraigosa's career is further evidence of the Latino Talent Deficit. Here's this state with a colossal Hispanic population, yet Villaraigosa is the best they've come up with? But that's the kind of dog-that-didn't-bark-data that is hard to notice even when you aren't in danger of getting Richwined for noticing it.


text:
The law allowing US women access to abortion is facing its biggest threat yet
Jessica Rapana
Planned Parenthood shuts down Kanye West's "shaming" abortion pill claim
Queer Eye and Derry Girls just joined forces to celebrate Northern Ireland's good news
Visible Women
As Northern Ireland decriminalises abortion, let's celebrate the women who got us here
Taylor Swift is no longer prepared to stay quiet when it comes to politics
"I just wanna do everything I can for 2020."
The second Democratic debates prove that abortion is still a dirty word
Despite talking about the Hyde Amendment, neither Joe Biden nor Kamala Harris actually said the word itself.
Northern Ireland's ban on abortion and same-sex marriage has officially been lifted
It's a momentous day for women and LGBTQ+ people in Northern Ireland. Here's what you need to know.
Busy Philipps just called out a major publication on the way it talks about rape
The actress took on the L.A. Times for a headline it published about the rape of a 12-year-old girl
Pip Cook
Hollie Richardson
MPS have backed huge abortion law changes in Northern Ireland, but not including Boris Johnson
Johnson said it should remain a "devolved issue".
Marshae Jones miscarried after being shot in the stomach. Police charged her with manslaughter.
Now, after the case sparked international outcry, there is light at the end of the tunnel.
Hannah Gadbsy recalling her rape related abortion is terrifying, but it's essential we listen
"I would be dead. It's as simple as that."
Abortion bans: how Margaret Atwood predicted America's future in The Handmaid's Tale
The parallels between Atwood's Gilead and Trump's United States are disturbing.
Abortion law: Elizabeth Warren and Kamala Harris are ready to fight for women's rights - here's how
The Planned Parenthood forum is the first presidential event focused on women's health
Christobel Hastings
The number of Northern Irish women seeking abortions in England and Wales has risen significantly
New statistics show an increase of 22% in the number of women travelling to access reproductive care.
Ariana Grande has just donated a lot of money to Planned Parenthood
Another celeb joins the fight for our reproductive rights
Why Michelle Wolf wants to make jokes about the abortion ban
The US comedian says that it's time we treated abortion like the everyday occurrence that, for many women, it is and should be.
Understanding the powerful statement hidden inside Billy Porter's Tony Awards dress
The actor chose theatre's biggest awards night to take a stance on abortion rights.
Elizabeth Warren just perfectly summed up why abortion should be government funded
What is the Hyde Amendment, and why is it so dangerous for women?
Busy Philipps superbly sums up why it isn't brave to share our abortion stories
"My abortion should not even matter"
Why are people boycotting Netflix?
The reason is completely unfounded.
How New York, Illinois and Nevada are fighting to protect abortion rights
"We're not going back to coat hangers, we're not going back to dying. We're not going back."
Until abortion laws change, Sophie Turner won't work in Northern Ireland or Georgia
It's one of the reasons why the actor says she's glad that Game of Thrones, which partially filmed in Belfast, is over.
Digital Team
This genius pamphlet perfectly sums up the problem with America's abortion ban
Are you a man wanting to regulate abortion? There's only one way to effectively do so.
One year after Ireland's abortion referendum, we asked women how life has changed
Pro-choice activists, a politician and a doctor reflect on the highs and lows of the last 12 months.


"It's a handsome show of works by two disparate photographers whose images and presentations dovetail just enough for their shared space to feel genuinely shared. And they diverge just enough to throw a bit of light on each other."
"Marshall's work is silvery sculpture – and sculpture is not common at PhoPa. Anselmi's work leans heavily on elegantly loping paper-loving collage, but he now appears at PhoPa as an artist with his eye on two of the 20th century's greatest painters: Picasso and Matisse... [Paper Works] is the strongest and most handsome show I have seen in PhoPa's swanky little space. And it is one of the best shows I have seen in Maine in a long time – smart, visually rich and thoroughly enjoyable."
"Anselmi of Belfast uses painted paper as one would handle a brush, cutting and layering it to create vibrant, colorful compositions on paper and canvas... A press release about the exhibit says, '[Marshall] coats the bags with layer upon layer of a graphite and plaster solution that eventually transforms them into sturdy, stand-alone structures while retaining the familiar shape and quality of a paper bag.'"
"This show collects 13 of the sharpest young shooters in the state right now, like the lovely, emotional compositions of Gabrielle Sturchio, visual road poetry from Jasper Muse, artifacts-as-portait shots by Greta Grant, and more."
"Rong hopes that visitors to the exhibit will be able to connect with her theme, no matter their own personal journeys...[S}he said[,] 'I didn't do this project for anyone else. I didn't do this to make art, to sell or have a gallery show...Once I started, I could not stop. The journey continues.'"
"What does it say about contemporary culture that a significant number of photographers look backward, using historical processes to create their work? These processes risk failure, require manual labor, and, not least, time and patience. Nostalgia alone cannot account for this resurgence....PhoPa Gallery's current show offers an opportunity to explore this phenomenon with a superb sampling from Maine's best practitioners of historical processes."
"While memory is a rich topic for photography, it's a tricky one, loaded with pratfalls and pretension. Porobic's foray into the subject, however, is a rare treat...The final works are among the best conceptual photography shown recently in Maine."
"After several high-profile [gallery] shutterings, the most interesting spots in town are East Bayside's PhoPa Gallery, who roll out print and photography work as cerebral and emotional as those mediums can get (see "Memory Prints," a collection of hauntingly spare composite images by Damir Porobic, this month), Edward T. Pollack Fine Arts...and Susan Maasch Fine Arts...."
"The prints have strong photographic elements, but are fleeting and almost imaginary. That's how they resemble dreams and memories: The viewer can recognize an object, but not quite grasp it. It is within reach, but elusive."
"The fact that you can see "Curiosities" as straightforward or complexly conceptual makes it a particularly appealing and accessible exhibition. That Harbert is so successful in both modes makes it an unusual and noteworthy show."
"Harbert's work is quite fearless and not always an easy "gimme" to the viewer. On the other hand, many of my favorite images of his over the years are an easy entry point into the heart – kind of quietly… astonishing."
"Over at the PhoPa Gallery on Washington Avenue, which has emerged as one of the more gratifying small viewing rooms in Portland, an exhibit of the generational Maine art photographers Paul Caponigro and son John Paul Caponigro traces the duo's obsessive knack for transmuting vibrant natural settings into start, still, achromatic tableaux, and the advances in technology that have deepened their practice."
"In a show of captivating works on paper using radically different approaches, three artists reaffirm that truism, using the visual vocabulary of environmental studies to create art that engages our capacities for politics, poetry, and metaphor."
"John Goodman's photographic prints are incomparably luscious. The idea of an aesthetic texture such as Goodman's exquisitely soupy grains is like brushwork."
"His vision, realized through photography, is real and engaging. His eye for the decisive moment is impeccable. He creates images that matter to the viewer."
"The large prints, and with no glass barrier, pull you in like a magnet. Everyone's eyes lit up at the sheer power of the work as they entered the gallery for the panel discussion and reception on 11/19."
"PhoPa's show gathers some of Pierce's strongest images where the world is only reflected to the extent in which it has formed its children."
"Pierce made these photographs from inside out. They are not staged, the children in them are simply living their lives and offer the photographer no pretense. But the only way to get this from subjects is to respect and honor them firstly, and secondly to live in their world."
"The wacky abandon of Bennett's subjects and the gentle play of light on the silvered surface of her prints is an anomaly that is irresistible."
"Melonie Bennett's choice to step back from photography for a time fueled a leap forward for her work when she again picked up a camera."


text:
Majorca City Info
Tourss
Majorca, Spain » Entertainment » Exhibitions
Discover the history of Majorca (Mallorca) at the wonderful museums and contemporary art galleries spread out over the island. These are one of the greatest places to encounter Spain's diverse mixture of art and sculpture.
Cartoixa de Valldemossa ( Visit Site )
Exhibition: Cloister, legacy of the monks, mementoes of Chopin, Museum and King Sanç Palace
Type: History and Painting
Address: Claustre de la Cartoixa, 3 07170 Valldemossa, Islas Baleares, Spain
Opening Hours: March to October: Monday to Saturday: 9.30 am to 6:00 pm
Sunday: 10:00 am to 1:00 pm, November to February: Monday to Saturday: 9.30 am to 4.30 pm
Days / Seasons Closed: November to February Sundays
Photo Credit: Creative Commons/Gryffindor
Casa Museu de Fra Juníper Serra ( Visit Site )
Exhibition 1: Birthplace of Father Junípero Serra (1713 - 1784)
Type: History
Exhibition 2: Museum of the life and work of the blessed who founded the missions in Alta California
Address: Barracar, 6. Petra, Islas Baleares, Spain
Can Planes Museu D'Art Contemporani de Mallorca
( Visit Site )
Exhibition 1: Collection of the Museu d'Art Contemporani
Type: Painting and Sculpture
Exhibition 2: Museum of Sant Antoni and the Devil
Type: History and Video
Exhibition 3: Toy Museum
Address: Carrer de Maura Antoni, 6, 07420, Islas Baleares, Spain
Opening Hours: Tuesday to Saturday: 10:00 am to 2:00 pm & 4:00 pm to 8:00 pm
Sunday: 10:00 am to 2:00 pm, Days / Seasons Closed: Mondays
Es Baluard ( Visit Site )
Museum of Modern & Contemporary Art in Palma
Exhibition: Permanent collection
Address: Plaça Porta Santa Catalina, 10 07012 Palma de Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
Opening Hours: Tuesday to Sunday: 10:00 am to 8:00 pm
Photo Credit: Creative Commons/ILA-boy
Museu del Fang
Exhibition: Traditional and artistic ceramics: pots, jugs, plates, siurells etc
Type: Ceramics and Handicraft
Address: Molí, 4. 07141 Sa Cabanieta, Islas Baleares, Spain
Opening Hours: Tuesday, Thursday and Friday: 10:00 am to 1:00 pm
Photo Credit: Creative Commons/Chixoy
Museu del Vidre Gordiola ( Visit Site )
Exhibition: Glass pieces from all over the world and demonstrations of glass blowing.
Type: Handicrafts
Address: Carretera de Manacor, km 19. Algaida, Islas Baleares, Spain
Opening Hours: Monday to Saturday: 9:00 am to 7:00 pm. Sunday & Holidays: 9:00 am to 1:30 pm
Demonstrations of glass blowing: 3:00 pm to 6:00 pm. Sunday & Holidays: 9:00 am to midnight


text:
Q: Make the long labels on axis visible I have long labels and want to make a bar chart. I have used almost every solution given on stack overflow but none seemed to work. The labels come on top of each other and are not visible. This is the chart being made right now:-

and the code that I am using to produce this plot is:-
with open('features', 'rb') as fp:
    X=pickle.load(fp)

with open('labels', 'rb') as fp:
    y=pickle.load(fp)

from sklearn.feature_selection import mutual_info_classif

imp=mutual_info_classif(X,y)
#getting mutual information

imp=np.array(imp)*100

df_item=pd.read_excel('item_label.xlsx')

items=list(df_item['Item_id'].astype(str).values)

ids=["220045","220046","220047","220050","220051","220059","220060","220210","220603","224167",
    "224643","225108","225122","225664","227007","227242","227243","227688","227916","227918","227919"
    ,"227923","227925","227926"]

df_item=df_item[df_item['Item_id'].isin(ids)]
vals=list(df_item['Label'].values)
#plotting mutual info with features names

people=["GENDER","ADMISSION_TYPE","ADMISSION_LOCATION","RELIGION","MARITAL_STATUS","ETHNICITY",
    "DIAGNOSIS"]

arr=[]
for p in people:
    arr.append(p)
for v in vals:
    arr.append(v)
people=arr

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

heights = imp
bars = people

f, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18,5))
plt.bar(bars, heights)
plt.savefig('mutual_info.png')

and this is something that I want:-

Any help will be much appreciated. I have been struggling a lot in doing this.

A: Use rotation with xticks() or axes.set_xticklabels().
plt.xticks(x, labels, rotation='vertical')  # you can set rotation to an angle as well (eg: 90)

Refer to this example:

https://matplotlib.org/gallery/ticks_and_spines/ticklabels_rotation.html

So, this code should be modified as:
f, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18,5))
ax.bar(bars, heights)
ax.set_xticklabels(bars, rotation=90)


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The Black Man Can, a nonprofit organization, has built a volunteer army of Black male role models.
A longtime education mentor and mentee share insights into the dynamics of their relationship.
Mentorship is a method of nontraditional teaching open to anyone who's willing.
Retaining a year's worth of learning during the summer break is a challenge, especially for children in low-income families.
Darryl Aikens met all the requirements for his diploma and inspired the Golden State Warriors with his tenacity.
Young Black men need to see a role model who succeeded in the sciences and finance, Robert Smith says.


text:
Details of the Digital Services Act revealed
by Lisa Ardill
European Parliament offices in Brussels, Belgium. Image: © Sergey Kelin/Stock.adobe.com
The proposed rules will require large multinationals to work harder at containing the spread of illegal content on their platforms.
The European Commission has revealed the details of the Digital Services Act and the Digital Markets Act today (15 December). Their shared goal is to transform how digital content is ranked, advertised and removed to curb the monopoly large multinationals hold in the digital space.
To achieve this, tech companies operating in the EU will have to follow a new set of rules. They will apply to all digital services, including social media, online marketplaces and other online platforms.
Margrethe Vestager, executive vice-president of the European Commision for a Europe Fit for the Digital Age, commented: "The two proposals serve one purpose: to make sure that we, as users, have access to a wide choice of safe products and services online. And that businesses operating in Europe can freely and fairly compete online just as they do offline.
"This is one world. We should be able to do our shopping in a safe manner and trust the news we read. Because what is illegal offline is equally illegal online."
The rules are not legally binding as the European Parliament and member countries will now weigh in on the proposed acts. Politico reports that the final rules are expected to arrive in 2023 at the earliest.
Digital Markets Act
Companies dominating large shares of the digital space have been labelled 'gatekeepers' in the proposed Digital Markets Act. According to the Commission, gatekeepers currently determine how smaller companies engage with online consumers.
Under the proposed rules, business users must be granted access to any data they generate while using the gatekeeper's platform. Companies advertising on the gatekeeper's platform will have the right to tools and information to conduct independent verification of their ads and will be allowed to manage contracts with customers outside of that platform.
Gatekeeper platforms will not be allowed to self-preference, which means ranking their own services more favourably than similar services from third parties. This could prevent Google from placing its own products at the top of user search results, for example.
They won't be able to prevent customers from linking to other businesses outside their platforms or prevent users from removing any pre-installed software or apps.
Any company providing core services in at least three member states with European revenues of more than €6.5bn or more than 45m EU users will be treated as a gatekeeper under the new rules. These would typically hold what is considered an entrenched and durable market position.
This criteria will likely include online giants Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google, according to Politico, all of which could face fines of up to 10pc of their global revenue if they fail to comply.
Politico also reports that gatekeepers will have to get approval from the European Commission before acquiring smaller companies and start-ups.
The Digital Services Act focuses on policing illegal material on large platforms. It will hold companies to higher accountability and oblige them to work harder at limiting the spread of illegal content and goods.
The biggest organisations – those that reach more than 10pc of 450m consumers in Europe – will be required to give regulators and external groups greater access to internal data. They will also need to appoint independent auditors to assess their compliance and conduct yearly risk assessments. They could face fines of up to 6pc of their annual revenue if the rules aren't followed.
According to the Commission, these larger firms "pose particular risks in the dissemination of illegal content and societal harms". They will need to be more transparent with users about who targets them with online ads, and give them more autonomy over their recommended content. They will need to provide vetting credentials for third-party suppliers, implement effective mechanisms to flag content and respect new codes of conduct and practice.
Today we are proposing a set of new rules for all digital services: the Digital Services Act and the Digital Markets Act.
We want to make sure users have access to a wide choice of safe products and services online, and that businesses compete fairly and freely.#DigitalEU pic.twitter.com/LKdf6hfmws
— European Commission 🇪🇺 (@EU_Commission) December 15, 2020
Dr Sally Broughton Micova, a member of University of East Anglia's Centre for Competition Policy in Norwich, commented: "This will be a significant change for digital services used to the laissez-faire approach in place since the e-Commerce Directive of 2000.
"The Digital Services Act will uphold exemptions from liability enshrined in the e-Commerce Directive, but will impose new due diligence obligations, transparency requirements and establish an EU-wide board for digital regulators.
"The e-Commerce Directive exempted services from liability for content as long as they didn't have 'knowledge' of it but expected them to take action once 'notified', for example through flagging by users. But it did not foresee the automatic detection and removal of content that the big platforms operate on a massive scale. Such services must use these in order to protect users, but there also must be oversight to check if they are being used effectively and if fundamental rights are protected.
"Platforms that represent a greater risk due to their nature and impact should be required to share more detailed information more frequently with regulators. Policy-makers need to be wary of the sensitive balance that needs be found here to not kill start-ups and scale-ups in Europe."
Related: media, social media, European Commission, government & policy, EU, e-commerce
Lisa Ardill is Careers editor at Siliconrepublic.com
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text:
Q: Failing to create a window in GLFW C++ Some background if you care/if it helps. I am pretty knew to programming and C++, I tried to learn it a couple times before but couldn't stay interested. As I couldn't think of an interesting project to do as I learn. Eventually I thought of making a game engine(dumb idea for a noob, but it will be a good learning experience and I'm interested in doing it.), so I searched for a series on making one to get an idea and found TheChernoProject's series and here I am.
I'm trying to make a make a window in GLFW and C++ but it keeps failing, I have no idea what to do.
Main.cpp
#include "src\graphics\window.h"

int main() {

using namespace tmge;
using namespace graphics;

Window window("Test", 1280, 720);

while (!window.windowClosed()) {
    window.update();
}

return 0;
}

Window.h
#pragma once

#include <GLFW\glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>

namespace tmge { namespace graphics {

class Window {

private:
    GLFWwindow *privateWindow;
    int privateWidth, privateHeight;
    const char *privateTitle;
    bool privateWindowClosed();
public:
    Window(const char *title, int width, int height);
    ~Window();
    bool init();
    void update() const;
    bool windowClosed() const;
};

} }

Window.cpp
#include "window.h"

namespace tmge { namespace graphics {

Window::Window(const char *title, int width, int height) {
    privateTitle = title;
    privateWidth = width;
    privateHeight = height;
    if (!init()) {
        glfwTerminate();
    }
}

Window::~Window() {
    glfwTerminate();
}

bool Window::init() {
    if (!glfwInit) {
        std::cout << "GLFW initialaztion failed" << std::endl;
        return false;
    }
    privateWindow = glfwCreateWindow(privateWidth, privateHeight, privateTitle, NULL, NULL);
    if (!privateWindow) {
        std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
        return false;
    }
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(privateWindow);
    return true;

}

bool Window::windowClosed() const{
    return glfwWindowShouldClose(privateWindow);
}

void Window::update() const{
    glfwPollEvents();
    glfwSwapBuffers(privateWindow);
}

} }


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Author and Astrophysicist
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Getting Nothing for Something (and Vice Versa)
Posted on November 25, 2011 March 8, 2015 by Adam
Energy isn't conserved. It can be — and is — created and destroyed. Your high school physics teacher lied to you. Or, more likely, your high school physics teacher was mistaken. And your college physics professor was probably mistaken too.
Just to be clear: this isn't a trick or a technicality or anything like that,1 and I'm definitely not talking about E = mc2. (Matter's just another form of energy.) Energy is actually not conserved in the universe as a whole, in a real and measurable way. In fact, we have measured this, albeit somewhat indirectly. And this doesn't come out of string theory or some other theory that we're not sure of yet; it's a result of general relativity, which has been around for nearly 100 years.
Don't worry, I can hear your skepticism from here. I'll explain. (And yeah, if you've got a degree in physics, I know you're screaming at me right now. Just be patient and I'll get there.) I'm going to tell you a story about a remarkable woman named Emmy Noether, and how she taught us why energy is conserved — and, in turn, why we shouldn't be surprised that it really isn't.
Noether was one of the finest mathematical minds of her generation — but women in her time were generally considered to have inferior mental capacities. At the age of 18, in 1900, she became only one of two women enrolled at the University of Erlangen. At the age of 29, she completed her Ph.D. in mathematics, and took a job as a lecturer in mathematics at Erlangen for seven years; but being a woman, she was not paid for her work, and lived with her parents the whole time. Finally, in 1915, she received an offer for a paying job as a mathematics professor at the University of Göttingen, which she took — but the faculty in the other departments objected to a woman being a professor. Noether ended up working for nine years without pay at Göttingen, lecturing under the names of the male faculty, supported by her family once again. What makes this story even more outrageous is that, early in her time at Göttingen, she discovered the most elegant theorem in all of modern physics.
What Noether saw in 1915 was that the mathematical tools used in modern physics lead directly to a very simple and beautiful explanation for why things like energy and momentum are conserved. Specifically, Noether's theorem shows that conservation laws come about naturally as a result of continuous symmetries in the laws of physics.
What does that mean? First, we need to know what we mean by the word symmetry. Something has a symmetry if there's something you can do to it — turn it, flip it, whatever — that leaves it looking the same way it did before you did that thing. So, for example, this cube has rotational symmetry: if I turn it 90 degrees, it'll look exactly the same as it did before.2
But what does "continuous symmetry" mean? Have a look at this sphere: it's got rotational symmetry too, but not in the same way that the cube has it. You can rotate the sphere by any amount, and it'll look the same as it did before, whereas the cube can only be rotated in multiples of 90 degrees. So the sphere's got continuous rotational symmetry, but the cube's only got discrete rotational symmetry.
So, finally, how can the laws of physics have continuous symmetries? Well, for example, the laws of physics look the same no matter where you are. Newton's second law of motion, Maxwell's laws, the Schrödinger equation — they all look exactly the same whether you're in Detroit or Dar-es-Salaam. So that's a continuous symmetry of the laws of physics, and by Noether's theorem, that symmetry leads directly to the conservation of momentum. In other words: momentum is conserved because the laws of physics don't change from place to place.
There are tons of other symmetries and conservation laws that are associated this way. The laws of physics have rotational symmetry too, like the sphere, and that leads directly to the conservation of angular momentum. There's a symmetry called "electromagnetic gauge symmetry," which I'm not ever going to touch with a ten-foot-pole on this blog, but that leads directly to the conservation of electric charge.
But what about energy?
You may have guessed it already: Noether's theorem says energy is conserved because the laws of physics don't change as we move through time. There's no such thing as a free lunch, and that's because the laws of physics are the same today as they were yesterday, and they're going to be the same tomorrow.
Except they're not. The laws of physics are not the same from day to day, not in the strict sense that Noether's theorem requires, because in our universe, space is expanding. The expansion of the universe breaks the temporal symmetry,3 and thus Noether's theorem states that energy doesn't have to be conserved in our universe as a whole.4
And, in fact, we've seen this. Remember those cosmic microwave background photons that I talked about a while ago? When they were first emitted, 400,000 years after the Big Bang, they were in the near-infrared part of the spectrum, much more energetic than microwaves. But then they were redshifted by the expansion of the universe — their wavelength was stretched over a thousandfold, from about a micrometer to about a millimeter. The energy of a photon is inversely proportional to its wavelength, so the CMB photons today are over a thousandfold less energetic than they were 13.8 billion years ago. What happened to that energy?
It was destroyed. Gone, poof, no more. It didn't "leak" out of the universe. It wasn't transferred into the expansion of the universe in any meaningful sense. It just up and vanished. It ceased to be. It was no more. It was freaking gone. And those photons are still losing energy, even now, since the universe is still expanding. The same goes for any cosmically redshifted light: light from distant quasars, light from galaxies that are "only" hundreds of millions of light-years away, and everything in between. Those photons all had their wavelengths stretched — and thus had a fraction of their energy destroyed — by the expansion of the universe itself.5
There's also some pretty solid evidence that energy is created in our universe too. Dark energy, the mysterious energy that accounts for over 70% of the stuff in the universe, was only discovered relatively recently, but we're fairly sure it's real — there are many different cosmic indications that it's out there, and the Nobel committee tends to be fairly conservative about these things too. One of the most puzzling and strange things about dark energy is that its density in the universe appears to be roughly constant even as the universe expands. In other words, despite the fact that there's more space as time goes on, the density of dark energy doesn't go down — which means that more of it must come into existence as the universe expands, in order to keep up with the expansion. Specifically, dark energy must be created at the rate of roughly 4 billionths of a billionth of a billionth of a watt in each cubic meter, on average, across the universe. That doesn't sound like much — and it's not — but it does add up: every cubic light year generates 3 billion terawatts of dark energy, about 200 million times the rate at which the entire human race currently consumes energy.6 Better still, since dark energy is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate, the rate at which dark energy is produced is also accelerating — in fact, it's accelerating exponentially. So not only is energy not conserved, but energy is created at an exponential rate.7
So if energy is being created in most of the cosmos all of the time, then why does it seem like energy is conserved? The short answer is that number in the last paragraph is really tiny on the sorts of time and distance scales we normally deal with. The longer answer is that general relativity basically states that energy is almost conserved if you only look at a tiny area of spacetime, like we do.8 So we don't notice the destruction and creation of energy around us in our everyday lives, because we're too small and we don't live long enough. Furthermore, on the small scales where we spend our time — on a ball of rock orbiting a star inside of a galaxy, all of which are billions and billions of times more dense than most places in the universe — space is not expanding, which is why I said "on average" in the last paragraph when I was talking about the creation of dark energy. But when we widen our view, and look at large swaths of the universe over billions of years, space is certainly expanding and energy is certainly not conserved. So despite appearances, we live in a universe that creates unending energy out of nothing at all.
Specifically, it's not the quantum mechanical energy-time uncertainty relation. I'm talking about permanent, deterministic increases and decreases in energy, not something temporary and probabilistic. [↩]
In this paragraph and the next, assume that one face of the cube stays flat on a table while I'm spinning it around its center (or about any axis that runs through the centers of opposite faces). [↩]
If you want to get real technical: in an expanding spacetime metric, there's no timelike Killing vector, so there's no associated conserved quantity by Noether's theorem. Meaning energy isn't conserved. [↩]
Still don't believe me? Look at any textbook on general relativity. It's on page 120 in Sean Carroll's book, for example, and page 348 in the new edition of Schutz's book. [↩]
The momentum of a photon is proportional to its energy — so how can momentum be conserved if energy isn't? The answer is that while our usual expression for momentum is not conserved, canonical momentum is conserved. In other words, "momentum" is conserved, but I do not think "momentum" means what you think it means. (Thanks go to Bernard Schutz for clearing this up for me.) [↩]
Don't get your hopes up about solving humanity's energy needs with this. While energy is certainly being created, to the best of my knowledge it's still a matter of some debate if any free energy (i.e. useful energy) is being created. Furthermore, the future evolution of dark energy is definitely still an open problem in cosmology, so this free lunch may be available For a Limited Time Only!™ Finally, even if free energy is being created indefinitely, the distances involved in "mining" useful amounts of this energy would be at least tens of millions of light-years, because you'd probably need to get outside of our galaxy cluster to really take advantage of this (hence the "on average" disclaimer above). So even in a best-case scenario, it would be at least tens of millions of years before such a system could be set up. [↩]
Before you ask: no, the creation of energy, in the form of dark energy, does not balance the destruction of energy from the cosmically-redshifted photons. Not only do the rates not match up, but there's already way more dark energy than all the energy in all the photons in the universe — thousands of times more — and that number will only get bigger as time goes on. [↩]
Specifically, the equivalence principle says that any spacetime metric is asymptotically Minkowskian — flat — as you look at smaller scales. And GR also says that the only way to have a well-defined gravitational potential energy is if the metric is asymptotically flat as you go out to infinity. So if you only care about regions small enough that "infinity" is not large enough to actually see the curvature of our spacetime — say, the Solar System over the course of a few hundred millenia — then you can approximate a gravitational potential energy very well, and energy conservation comes roaring back, more or less. [↩]
Tags: cosmology, math, relativityCategories: Physics
7 thoughts on "Getting Nothing for Something (and Vice Versa)"
C. Schley says:
Very interesting. I started reading this post wondering "what the blazes is he talking about," but now it makes perfect sense, what with the expansion of the universe. It just goes to show how easy a variable can be to overlook sometimes (at least for the average person). However I do have one question. You mentioned the red-shifting of light being one means through which energy is destroyed. Does it then necessarily follow that energy is created when light is blue-shifted, or is that a bad assumption?
Energy is destroyed when light is redshifted due to the expansion of space. This is called cosmological redshift. (There's a nice animation of cosmological redshift here, and a good illustration of it here.) Cosmological redshift is different from Doppler redshift, when light gets redshifted because the source of the light is moving away from you. Doppler redshifts don't cause energy to be destroyed, but cosmological redshifts do. So Doppler blueshifts don't cause energy to be created — but if the universe were shrinking rather than expanding, then we'd have a cosmological blueshift, and energy would indeed be created in that case. So yes, energy is created in the right kind of blueshift, but we don't really see that kind of blueshift in nature.
Monica T. says:
Greatly enjoyed this post, though I am somewhat baffled that college physics profs in other fields are also still teaching that energy is conserved given what you've laid out here. I suspect this is a matter of it not directly applying to physicists looking only at the relatively short-term in our own solar system? Glad to see you blogging this, and hope that physicists from other fields are reading!
Regarding footnote 5–would dark energy even be useable if we could access it? Or is that what you mean by "a matter of some debate if any free energy (i.e. useful energy) is being created"? Are there potentially different kinds of dark energy (i.e. useful and not useful), or is it just that we don't know much about dark energy and its usefulness or lack thereof? Forgive me if this is a naive question–it's been several years since I've taken a science course!
Yeah, it's kind of amazing that this fact hasn't really become better-known among physicists outside of cosmology. I'm hardly the only one saying it….
Yes, that's exactly what I mean in footnote 5. Free energy = useable energy. The traditional example of energy that's not free is the heat energy of a rock at the same temperature as its surroundings. Heat energy is just the energy of the random motions of the molecules in the rock, so there's definitely energy there, but it's not energy you could use to do anything. This is related to entropy, one of my favorite ideas in all of physics, and a likely subject for future posts here. (Entropy, in turn, is related to some of the ideas I talked about in this post from July.) So it's not clear that the increase in energy in the universe due to the creation of dark energy actually leads to any energy we can use to do things. It's less about the kind of dark energy that exists — there's debate about what kind of thing dark energy is, but that's not really relevant to this question — and more about how entropy works in the universe as a whole (which is an area of active research, though it's not what I do). Honestly, the question of free energy in the universe is something that I'm still learning about; it's possible that this question has been settled and I just don't know it yet.
Haha, yeah, Andrew linked me to that article earlier when I was like, wait, what? Is this common (astro)physicist knowledge?
And thanks for the reply! I hadn't read very much about dark energy before (I mean, I vaguely knew it existed, but that was about it!), and I think that clears it up a little for me.
I'll keep reading your blog! You explain things very well for people who only have the vaguest notion about this stuff!
Fascinating, and kind of makes me smack myself saying "why didn't I ever think about that?" At least the part about the cosmological redshift. The part about dark energy creation is completely nonintuitive though. Can you explain why dark energy creation is causing the universe to expand at an exponentially increasing rate?
That's an excellent question — but sadly, there isn't an answer that's both simple and satisfying. I could say dark energy is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate because the density of dark energy doesn't change appreciably as the universe expands, but that's just another way of saying that dark energy is created as the universe expands. Ultimately, this is just something that falls out of general relativity. Specifically, it's a direct consequence of the FRLW metric, which I talked about in this post. If you assume that the universe looks the same everywhere on large scales, then general relativity says that the universe must be expanding or contracting, and the rate at which that happens is determined by the overall energy density of the universe. (Again, matter's just another kind of energy for our purposes, via E = mc2.) If the overall density of the universe is constant and positive, and if the overall geometry of the universe is flat (as we believe it is), then the universe must expand at an exponential rate. People will sometimes talk about a "negative pressure" associated with dark energy, and that's true as far as it goes, but it doesn't really help to understand why dark energy leads to an accelerating universe any more than what I've said, and maybe less. Sean Carroll talks about that (among other things) over at his excellent Dark Energy FAQ. So, long story short: if you want an answer better than "general relativity says that anything with a density constant everywhere in space and time causes a flat universe to expand at an exponentially increasing rate, because that's how gravity works" you'll have to actually dig into the guts of the Friedmann equations.


Published Jan. 6, 2010 at 3:01 p.m.
As much as sequined jumpsuits and peanut butter and banana sandwiches, Elvis Presley loved Harley-Davidson motorcycles.
He bought his first in the early 1950s, before he signed his first record deal with Sun Records. In 1956, Presley -- just a week past his 21st birthday and days after he recorded his first major hit, "Heartbreak Hotel" -- bought a KH model Harley, fueling a love affair that lasted until his death in 1977.
"I've seen him photographed on 8-10 different bikes," says Jim Fricke of the Harley-Davidson museum. "It's a lot like him and Cadillacs. He'd buy a few at a time and give one a way.
"Elvis owned quite a few bikes and during the '70s, he was riding a trike around Memphis. There are lot of photos of him on Harleys; somehow it fit."
Friday would have been Elvis' 75th birthday and, to commemorate the day -- and the King's love of motorcycles -- the Harley-Davidson Museum is featuring a special exhibit.
Since opening in 2008, Elvis' 1956 KH has been a part of the semi-permanent collection. But throughout the month, the museum is expanding its exhibition.
Along with the bike, the museum also has documents related to its original purchase including a bill of sale, registration papers and an insurance application, which has an interesting glimpse into Presely's life at the time.
In addition, the Graceland Museum has loaned a number of historic photographs, including some from Presley's 1968 NBC "Comeback Special" to round out the display.
The exhibit goes beyond the common perception that the museum is strictly for the chrome-and-leather, V-Twin loving crowd. Elvis' bike has long been a part of an exhibit focusing on bikes and pop culture.
"One of the reactions we get regularly is that people are surprised we have so much history and pop culture in the museum," Fricke says. "The perceptions is that it's a whole bunch of motorcycles but it's more than just that.
"This is a fun museum for anyone interested in history, be it transportation or history of pop culture."
Surprisingly enough, despite the passion for Milwaukee iron Presley didn't make his first Brew City appearance until a pair of shows at the Milwaukee Arena in June 1972.
He had played one previous show in Wisconsin -- on May 14, 1956 in La Crosse -- but rarely toured between leaving the Army in 1950 and his NBC special in 1968.
"He was making three movies a year during that stretch," Fricke says. "He became a movie star; he didn't play concerts or make records, he made movies and recorded soundtracks."
Elvis rode Harleys in a number of his films, most notably "Roustabout" (1964), in which he plays Charlie Roger, a motorcycle rider who makes his money by singing at shopping malls. He takes a part-time job working at a carnival to make enough money to repair his bike.
Presley also appeared on a Harley in "Viva Las Vegas" (1964), "Clambake" (1967) and Stay Away Joe (1968).
You can catch those movies and more when Turner Classic Movies runs a day-long marathon of Elvis flicks on Friday, beginning at 5 a.m. with "Harum Scarum."
Enter to win two tickets to the Harley-Davidson Museum and a $25 gift card to Motor Restaurant (over a $50 value). Join the Harley-Davidson Museum in celebrating Elvis' 75th Birthday the whole month of January.
I believe he mostly rode Honda CB77 Dream in Roustabout. Studio put him a Honda due to the bad rep created by Harley riders at the time. "You Meet the Nicest People on a Honda"
Interesting event. If Harley made bikes like the '56 KH again, I'd probably be more inclined to buying one.


text:
Q: What is the best practice to develop the cross-platform components with Vue.js 2.0? I'm planning to write a common component library with Vue.js 2.0 and hope the library can work on multiple platforms. This question is about the best practices when it comes to a component's style.
On the PC / browser, We usually write CSS for fixed-width or flow layout with px. On a mobile platform (webview or browser), We usually write the CSS for flexible layout with vw / rem.
I see, some components only suit either one ( PC or mobile platform ), but still some components are common and versatility, such as Button, GridView, InputField and so on.
For example, there is a Button component that has a default padding style. In order to better adaptability, should I set the padding value by what unit? px? rem? For the goal, what is the best practice to do the things?
In fact, this question is not only related to Vue, but it's relevant for any frameworks that allows developing components, such as: React, Angular, Ember, etc.

A: I suggest that you stop thinking of browser / PC layout and mobile apps as being different. As it looks, you can't be sure what form factor's going to come next for both of them. That's true even for platforms that have been proven to be consistent, such as iPhone / iOS.
Responsive web design is the same in both environments, your layouts should be 'prepared' for a change in form factor.
Responsive web design is not different from React to Angular or anything in between. The only thing that differs is how CSS actually gets in your app.
No matter what you're designing for, you should:

Respond to the needs of the users and the devices they're using. The layout changes based on the size and capabilities of the device.

The basic principles are: Adapt, respond, and overcome.
Technical perspective
In Vue the way to go is: isolate components, including styles -> use scoped styles whenever possible <style scoped></style>.
Then (not specific to Vue), use fluid layouts however you want; some people choose %, some use vh / vw or em / rem. As long as it's fluid, you'll probably be fine. Many choose vh / vw for containers and use percentages afterwards, but there's no default pattern. With percentages, some people find it easier to mix in calc(), which can be a useful responsive tool.
Regarding your button example, it's probably a good idea to use rem or em as a default. However, for some components it might make sense to use px - don't be afraid to mix and match. This can save you a lot of code and there's no golden rule about it.
Your breakpoints shouldn't be shaped after devices, instead figure out where your content can be presented better. This way you'll build a more future-proof layout, which can turn out to be a nightmare to maintain.
Choose whatever makes you feel comfortable.
It's up to you to combine your tools and get the CSS to work for you / follow certain RWD patterns.
Wrap up
That being said, here are some patterns you can follow when building your responsive apps:

*

*Mostly Fluid

*Column Drop

*Layout Shifter

*Tiny Tweaks

*Off Canvas

There's a course I encourage you to take if still in doubt.
In this course you'll learn the fundamentals of responsive web design with Google's Pete LePage! You'll create your own responsive web page that works well on any device - phone, tablet, desktop or anything in between. It might feel a bit slow in the beginning, but you'll learn a lot by the end of it.


The very sweet four-star Apanema Hotel is located only 500 meters from Mykonos Port in the direction of Tourlos Bay, an easy 10-minute walk to town. Opened in 2000, this small and exclusive accommodation features Mykonian architecture and is built along the natural lines of the hillside, set on several levels.
The hotel faces the sea and overlooks the fabulous freshwater swimming pool. Because of its position, it offers magnificent sunsets and stunning views of the surrounding islands and Mykonos Town.
The hotel's 17 rooms and suites are luxuriously furnished and offer partial or full sea view. Each room has individually controlled air conditioning, heating, color TV, DVD player, direct-dial phone, free high speed WI-FI, safe box, mini bar, and a writing desk. On request, it is possible to have a non-smoking room (subject to availability), an additional bed or cot, and an iron with ironing board, all at no extra charge.
The hotel has an excellent restaurant offering breakfast, lunch, dinner and room service. Many of the baked goods are homemade, and the freshest ingredients are used in the mainly Mediterranean menu.
In addition to the freshwater swimming pool, there is a children's pool/Jacuzzi and a poolside snack bar. The Apanema also provides beach towels, a laundry/pressing service, and twice-daily maid service. On request, babysitting and baby cots, and secretarial services and a PC can also be provided. The hotel also offers private parking.
Located 500 meters from Mykonos Town, on the road to Tagoo.


"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." HAPPY FOURTH OF JULY!!!! Today is all about barbecue with family and friends! Enjoy!


Description: If you are in the search of luxury jewellery and elegant watches, contact Arthur Kaplan, as they are South Africa's largest independent retailer. They strive hard to preserve their decades-long history of excellence and traditions of precise quality plus personalized service. They maintain their reputation by providing widest ranges with great expertise and offer cozy shopping environment to discerning clients.


text:
The Swift Shadow is a 1927 American action film directed by Jerome Storm and written by Ethel Hill. The film stars Ranger the Dog, Lorraine Eason, William Bertram, Sam Nelson, Albert J. Smith and Milburn Morante. The film was released on December 11, 1927, by Film Booking Offices of America.

Cast
Ranger the Dog as Swift Shadow
Lorraine Eason as Helen Todd
William Bertram as Joseph Todd
Sam Nelson as Jim
Albert J. Smith as Butch Kemp
Milburn Morante as Sheriff Miller

References

External links

1927 films
American action films
1920s action films
Film Booking Offices of America films
Films directed by Jerome Storm
American silent feature films
American black-and-white films
1920s English-language films
1920s American films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia