Ecosystems are dynamic interrelated collections of living and non-living components organized in self-regulating units. An ecosystem is a unit because it has boundaries and can be distinguished from its surroundings. The living and non-living components affect each other in complex exchanges of energy, nutrients and wastes. It is these dynamic exchanges, both fast and slow, which provide ecosystems with their distinct identities. Because of these distinct features ecosystems themselves represent part of the earth's biodiversity. The characteristic exchanges within an ecosystem are called ecosystem functions and in addition to energy and nutrient exchanges, involve decomposition and production of biomass. The complex interdependencies which develop within or among ecosystems often create emergent properties, or characteristics that cannot be predicted from the component parts alone.
Open systems tend to exist in a state of balance or quilibrium. Equilibrium is important for a system as it avoids sudden changes in a system. However, this does not mean that all systems are none changing. If change exists it tends to exist between certain peramiters. Equilibrium states in two ways state and steady.
Static Equilibrium is a system in a steady state because the inputs and outputs that affect it approximately balance over a long period of time.
The laws of thermodynamics govern the flow of energy in a system. This flow of energy gives the system the ability to do work. Systems can exist in alternative stable states or as equilibria between which there are tipping points.
‡Destabilizing positive feedback mechanisms will drive systems toward these tipping points, whereas stabilizing negative feedback mechanisms will resist such changes.
This unit will take a minimum of 3 hours.
The principle of conservation of energy can be modeled by the energy transformations along food chains and energy production systems: what are the strengths and limitations for such models?
How do the delays involved in feedback loops make it difficult to predict tipping points and add to the complexity of modelling systems?
Do the benefits of the models used to predict tipping points outweigh their limitations?
How does sustainability reduce the change that tipping points will be reached?
1st: energy is neither created nor destroyed, only changes forms. This is the principle of conservation of energy, Energy in an isolated system can be transformed but cannot be created or destroyed.
1.3.U2 The principle of conservation of energy can be modelled by the energy transformations along food chains and energy production systems.
The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, i.e. in an isolated system, the total energy before transformation is equal to the total energy transformation. Energy can only be changed from one form to another. Energy for the functioning of an ecosystem comes from the Sun. Solar energy is absorbed by plants where in it is converted to stored chemical energy.
1.3.U3 The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system increases over time. Entropy is a measure of the amount of disorder in a system. An increase in entropy arising from energy transformations reduces the energy available to do work.
The second law of thermodynamics states that whenever energy is transformed, there is a loss energy through the release of heat.
Entropy of a system increases overtime. Entropy is a measure of the amount of disorder in a system. An increase in entropy arising from energy transformations reduces the energy available to do work.
1.3.U4 The second law of thermodynamics explains the inefficiency and decrease in available energy along a food chain and energy generation systems.
This occurs when energy is transferred between trophic levels as illustrated in a food chain When one animal feeds off another, there is a loss of heat (energy) in the process. Additional loss of energy occurs during respiration and movement. Hence, more and more energy is lost as one moves up through trophic levels. This fact lends more credence to the advantages of a vegetarian diet. For example, 1350 kilograms of corn and soybeans is capable of supporting one person if converted to beef. However, 1350 kilograms of soybeans and corn utilized directly without converting to beef will support 22 people!
1.3.U5 As an open system, an ecosystem will normally exist in a stable equilibrium, either in a steady-state equilibrium or in one developing over time (for example, succession), and maintained by stabilizing negative feedback loops.
As an open system, an ecosystem will normally exist in a stable equilibrium, either in a steady state equilibrium or in one developing over time (for example Succession), and maintain y stabilizing negative feedback loops.
Steady-state: in open systems, continuous inputs and outputs of energy and matter, system as a whole remains in a constant state, no long term changes. There may be oscillations in the very short term.
1.3.U6 Negative feedback loops (stabilizing) occur when the output of a process inhibits or reverses the operation of the same process in such a way as to reduce change—it counteracts deviation.
Ecosystem feedback is the effect that change in one part of an ecosystem has on another and how this effect then feeds back to effect the source of the change inducing more or less of it. These feedback loops form the basic dynamics for regulating the state of the ecosystem.
In order for a system to maintain a steady state or average condition the system must possess the capacity for self-regulation. Self-regulation in many systems is controlled by negative feedback and positive feedback mechanisms.
Negative-feedback mechanisms control the state of the system by dampening or reducing the size of the system's elements or attributes. Positive-feedback mechanisms feed or increase the size of one or more of the system's elements or attributes over time.
Negative (stabilizing): tends to neutralize or counteract any deviation from an equilibrium and tends to stabilize systems. The systems gets better or goes back to normal..
Resistance to drastic changes and thus stability in natural ecosystems are maintained in part by negative feedback systems. These are familiar to you through considering the system that regulates the heat in your home. When the temperature in your house decreases below some set point, the thermostat that senses temperature is activated to send a "turn on" message to your furnace. Then, once the temperature rises above another set point, the thermostat sends a message to the furnace, telling it to shut off. Thus, the temperature in your house is maintained within bounds. This illustrates a negative feedback system. Negative feedback systems act to maintain homeostasis within systems; that is, to keep them in a reasonably constant state.
1.3.U7 Positive feedback loops (destabilizing) will tend to amplify changes and drive the system towards a tipping point where a new equilibrium is adopted.
Positive (destabilizing): results in a further decrease of output and the system is destabilized and pushed into a new state of equilibrium. The situation gets worse.
Positive feedback stimulates change and it is responsible for the sudden appearance of rapid changes within ecosystems. When part of the system increases, another part of the system also changes in a way that makes the first part increase even more. Positive feedback is a source of instability and change as it can drive the system outside of its equilibrium. As an example more population leads to more births, and more births lead to an increasing population creating a compounding effect over time.
The self-regulation of natural systems is achieved by the attainment of equilibrium through feedback systems.
Feedback links involve time lags.
A tipping point is a critical threshold when even a small change can have dramatic effects and cause a disproportionately large response in the overall system. Positive feedback loops are destabilizing and tend to amplify changes and drive the system towards a tipping point where a new equilibrium is adopted. Most projected tipping points are linked to climate change and represent points beyond which irreversible change or damage occurs. Increases in CO2 levels that would lead to increased global mean temperature, causing melting of the ice sheets and permafrost. Reaching such a tipping would, for example, cause long-term damage to societies, the melting of Himalayan mountain glaciers, and a lack of freshwater in many Asian societies.
it, causing it to reach a new equilibrium or stable state.
1.3.U9 Diversity and the size of storages within systems can contribute to their resilience and affect their speed of response to change (time lags).
The more diverse/complex an ecosystem, the more resilient it tends to be (more interactions between species). The greater the species biodiversity of an ecosystem, the greater the likelihood there is a species that can replace another if it dies (to maintain equilibrium).
The greater the genetic diversity within a species, the greater resilience. A monoculture of wheat or rice can be wiped out by disease if none of the plants have genetic resistance.
Species that can shift geographic ranges are more resilient.
The climate affects resilience. In the Arctic, regeneration/growth of plants is slow (low temps slow down photosynthesis/cell respiration). In tropical rain forests, growth rates are fast (light, temp, water are not limiting factors).
The faster the rate at which a species can reproduce means recovery is faster. r-strategists (fast reproductive rate) can recolonize the system better than K-strategists (slow reproducers).
[Examples of human impacts and possible tipping points should be explored].
Humans can remove or mitigate threats to the system (pollution, invasive species) – resulting in faster recovery.
Humans can reduce size of storages by harvesting wood, fish and other natural resuources. Humans can also reduce diversity by species extinction which leads to less resilience.
1.3.A1 Explain the implications of the laws of thermodynamics to ecological systems.
Resilience is the capacity of an ecosystem to respond to a disturbance. Resilience is usually defined as the capacity of an ecosystem to absorb disturbance without shifting to an alternative state and losing function and services. Disturbances can include fires, flooding, windstorms, insect population explosions, and human activities such as deforestation, fracking of the ground for oil extraction, pesticide sprayed in soil, and the introduction of exotic plant or animal species.
Some disturbances can significantly affect an ecosystem and can cause an ecosystem to reach a threshold beyond which some species can not recover. Human activities that adversely affect ecosystem resilience such as reduction of biodiversity, exploitation of natural resources, pollution, land-use, and anthropogenic climate change are increasingly causing changes in ecosystems, often to less desirable conditions.
The resilience of a system, ecological or social, refers to its tendency to avoid such tipping points and maintains stability. A tipping point is the minimum amount of change within a system that will destabilize it, causing it to reach a new equilibrium or stable state.
An environmental tipping point is a part of the human-environment system that can lever far-reaching change in the system. A change at the tipping point sets in motion mutually reinforcing feedback loops that propel the system on a completely new course.
Extinction of a Keystone Species: Removal of elephants from a savannah ecosystem can result in irreversible damage to that system.
Coral Reef Death: If ocean acidity levels increase, the reef coral dies and cannot regenerate.
You need to understand the relationships between resilience, stability, equlibria and diversity using specific examples to illustrate interactions.
The us of models facilitates international collaboration in science by removing language barriers that may exits.
The laws of thermodynamics are examples of scientific laws - in which ways do scientific laws differ from the laws of human science subjects, such as economics?
This video is about how we don't just need energy to power our lives, we need *low entropy* energy! This is also known as "free energy", and one way of thinking about entropy is as the lack of free energy. The sun provides us with useful, low entropy, energy in the form of photons of visible light, which are then absorbed and converted into plants, sugar, complex molecules, etc, before being radiated back into space as heat, which has much higher entropy.
This video explains the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics as they relate to energy exchanges with environmental systems.
Paul Andersen explains how ecosystems respond to disruptions. Disruptions can cause changes in the number and variety of organisms. It can also lead to migration, extinction or even speciation.
"A short animated film about the feedback loops likely to lead to catastrophic climate change, by Leo Murray."
From time to time, ecosystems are hit by storms, fires or other types of disturbance. Resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to resist or recover from these events. Resilience preserves ecosystem diversity, productivity and sustainability. Disturbance has more impact on ecosystems that have lost diversity.
This segment deals with the main positive feedback loops in action in Gaia's complex ecosystems: melting of the ice caps, deforestation, melting of permafrost regions of the planet and the destruction of Ehux: a vital marine algae that is a key component of the earth's climate regulation system.
The scientific evidence appears (overwhelmingly) to indicate that earth (Gaia) may be inexorably approaching or perhaps PAST the tipping point and on it's way to a new climate regime not seen on earth for 55 million years. It will be a climate that is, on average, much hotter, more chaotic and violent than what we have experienced for the entire tenure of our species.
Plenty of people have an opinion on whether the precautionary principle is good or bad, but what exactly is it?


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PRECIOUS JEWEL
Turkey 2013 | TOURISM | INTERVIEW
TBY talks to Ömer Çelik, Minister of Culture & Tourism, on reaching goals set for the sector and balancing growth with the protection of tourism resources.
Ömer Çelik graduated from Gazi University's Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences in the Department of Public Administration. He also has a Master's degree in Political Science from the Institute of Social Sciences. He has been a member of the AK Party's Central Decision-making Committee (MKYK) since its creation and also became Vice-Minister responsible for External Relations of the same organization in March 2010. After a cabinet reshuffle, he became the Minister of Culture and Tourism on January 24, 2013.
How would you characterize Turkey's progress toward reaching its Vision 2023 goal of 50 million arrivals in Turkey?
With the development that Turkey has undergone in the last 10 years, our country has become one of the stars of international tourism. This isn't just good news for us at the Ministry—it is also something that motivates and inspires the entire sector. The biggest goal in our 2023 Tourism Strategy is to reach 50 million visitors and attain tourism revenues of $50 billion a year. The requisite potential and infrastructure is already in place for us to realize that objective. As long as we use this potential well, I believe there will be no obstacles in our path. However, I believe that we don't even need to aim for 2023, and we can reach these figures even sooner. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism is a civil ministry that has intimate ties with investors, representatives, and businesses throughout the sector. If we maintain these strong ties, we can reach our goals sooner. Our united aim is to improve and exalt our country's image in the fields of culture and tourism.
What steps are you taking to promote a wider variety of tourism?
Tourism is one of the world's dominant economic sectors. Because we live in a place with a rich history, geography, and culture, we are one of the principal countries in this sector. Our rapid rise in the tourism sector has focused a lot of attention on our country. This isn't just true of the tourism field, but also in politics, economics, and foreign policy. Considering the international arena, there's an ongoing economic and political shift on the world stage. Within this shift, Turkey is becoming a source of inspiration for other countries. As things are, it's not enough to simply develop our tourism industry and renew and reorganize our strategies. That's why I've stated that what we have to do is protect our well-earned accomplishments and reinvent tourism. In this way, I believe that we will create a chain reaction of rapid development in tourism, the economy, foreign policy, education, and health. This interconnected development will also help create a more diversified tourism sector.
How would you characterize the significance of tourism revenues for Turkey's economy?
Tourism revenue is a very important issue for countries that have realized the value of the sector. As you know, tourism isn't just sun, sand, and sea. It's something that incorporates all aspects of a society, a sector in which the smallest stone or even a single individual can contribute added value. This inclusiveness also makes tourism indispensable for our economy. Tourism is a valuable source of hard currency. We are working hard to develop and diversify the sector with this in mind. Today, new methods are employed in the calculation of tourism revenue. We now have results that are more comprehensive and real. Tourism has advanced beyond being just a means for increasing our national income or improving economic standards; it's now become a strategic sector for our future.
"Our rapid rise in the tourism sector has focused a lot of attention on our country."
What steps is Turkey taking to balance economic growth with the protection of its resources?
Turkey is full of cultural, historical, and natural riches, and our aim is to protect and pass these treasures down as a national inheritance for future generations. We don't want to think of cultural tourism as merely a consumer sector. To think of cultural tourism as a consumer good would be detrimental to our efforts to foster the identity of us being a nation of culture and would also be detrimental to the inherent dynamics of the tourism sector overall. The promotion of our culture has a major impact on our tourism sector. The human diplomacy that tourism also encapsulates strengthens our standing as a cultural state. Our main aim is to strengthen and expand our image internationally. By attaching the necessary importance and value to our culture, which arouses admiration throughout the world, we will increase its share in the development of the sector and, as a result, our overall economy. We are also working to attract producers to our country through such policies as refunding VAT, for example.
Steady Approach
Economic expansion slowed to 2.2% in 2012, heralding an end to the China-level growth levels that had seen the economy expand by 9.2% in 2010 and 8.8% in 2011.
Review: Diplomacy & Politics
The government is hoping to continue Turkey's path to economic growth, while building bridges to solve some of the long-term issues in the body politic.
Inside Perspective: Diplomacy & Politics
HE Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister, Republic of Turkey
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey, on democratic reform, regional relations, and the economic achievements of his government.
HE Xi Jinping, President, People's Republic of China
Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China, on the long history of Turco-Sino relations, boosting commerce, and sharing cultures.
HE Paul Biya, President, Cameroon
Paul Biya, President of Cameroon, on the strengthening relationship between the two countries.
Focus: Turkey & Africa
Softly Does It
Although there is still a long way to go until Africa represents a major part of Turkey's trade balance, the government is working hard to encourage commerce with the continent and open up new opportunities for Turkish businesses.
HM Philippe, King, Belgium
HM Philippe, King of the Belgians, on Turkish-Belgian economic relations through the ages and in the present day.
Ambassador Hüseyin Diriöz, Assistant Secretary General for Defense Policy & Planning, NATO
Ambassador Hüseyin Diriöz, Assistant Secretary General for Defense Policy & Planning at NATO, on Turkey's contribution to the Alliance.
Focus: Turkish-Japanese Relations
On the Rise
Relations between Turkey and Japan received a boost over 2013, with trade and development at the top of the agenda.
HE Carl Bildt, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Sweden
Carl Bildt, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden, on the challenges Turkey faces if it is to reach its Vision 2023 goals.
Review: Economy
The government tackled the current account deficit head on in 2012, with some success. While China-style GDP growth figures may now be a thing of the past, the Central Bank has identified a key opportunity to promote domestic savings and reign in imports.
Forum: Turkish Companies Abroad
Wanted Goods
Whether long-established companies or newer ventures, Turkish firms are staking their place in a busy global market.
Zafer Çağlayan, Minister of State for Foreign Trade, Turkey
TBY talks to Zafer Çağlayan, Minister of Economy, on reaching the country's Vision 2023 goals, the relevance of the EU membership process, and the significance of boosting trade ties with Africa.
İlker Aycı, President, Investment Support and Promotion Agency of Turkey
TBY talks to M. İlker Aycı, President of the Investment Support and Promotion Agency of Turkey (ISPAT), on Vision 2023 targets, diversifying FDI sources, and Istanbul's potential as a financial center.
K. Ekim Alptekin, President, Turkish-American Business Association
TBY talks to K. Ekim Alptekin, President of the Turkish-American Business Association (TABA-AmCham), on Turkish-US trade and changing perceptions about Turkey.
Paul Walsh, Former CEO, Diageo
Paul Walsh, Former CEO of Diageo, on the firm's acquisition of Mey İçki, the Turkish alcoholic beverage sector, and the market for rakı in Turkey and abroad.
Mehmet Büyükekşi, Chairman, Turkish Exporters Assembly (TİM)
TBY talks to Mehmet Büyükekşi, Chairman of the Turkish Exporters' Assembly (TİM), on achieving export goals for 2023 and the economic shift toward Africa.
Ahmet Aksu, President, Privatization Administration (ÖİB)
TBY talks to Ahmet Aksu, President of the Privatization Administration (ÖİB), on privatization in the transport and energy sectors and what the practice means for Turkey.
Yıldırım Group, Senior Executives, Yıldırım Group
TBY talks to Executives of Yıldırım Group on the group's rapid growth, operations in Turkey, and visions for the future.
Focus: MENA Trade
Regional Friends
Turkey has set ambitious targets for trade with the MENA area; however, with the right guidance, it has the potential to meet these and establish itself as an economic power in the region.
Sadek K.S. Abu Hallala, General Manager, A&T Bank
Turkish companies have undertaken major projects in the MENA region for many years.
B2B: Trade with Iraq
Over the Border
Following the economic downturn in Europe, Turkey has looked increasingly to countries like Iraq as alternative export destinations.
Markus Reckling, Managing Director, DHL Express Turkey
TBY talks to Markus Reckling, Managing Director of DHL Express Turkey, on the significance of the country to DHL's global portfolio, sectors that are seeing stronger exports, and the importance of localization.
Forum: Why Turkey?
Those in the Know
Turkey's status and attractiveness as a hub for international businesses grows year by year.
Review: Banking
Tacking to Profit
A successful 2012 saw the Turkish banking sector outperform many of its global peers, though higher rates in 2013 may squeeze profitability levels.
Erdem Başçı, Governor, Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey
TBY talks to Erdem Başçı, Governor of the Central Bank of Turkey (CBT), on inflation targets, lowering the CAD, and managing foreign inflows.
Adnan Bali, CEO, İş Bank
TBY talks to Adnan Bali, CEO of İşbank, on the influx of foreign lenders, GDP growth expectations, and Istanbul's potential as a financial center.
Süleyman Aslan, CEO, Halkbank
TBY talks to Süleyman Aslan, CEO of Halkbank, on the role of SMEs and foreign lenders, achieving a soft landing, and strategies for 2013.
Hüseyin Özkaya, CEO, Odeabank
TBY talks to Hüseyin Özkaya, CEO of Odeabank, on Audi Saradar Group's entrance into Turkey, the strengths of the local banking sector, and plans for future expansion.
V. Derya Gürerk, CEO, Türkiye Finans
TBY talks to V. Derya Gürerk, General Manager of Türkiye Finans, on the role of participation banking, new products, and Turkey's economic prospects.
Review: Capital Markets
The merging of Turkey's various capital markets under the aegis of Borsa Istanbul is aimed at readying the local industry to play a bigger role in international liquidity flows.
İbrahim M. Turhan, Chairman & CEO, Istanbul Borsası (İMKB)
TBY talks to İbrahim M. Turhan, Chairman & CEO of Borsa Istanbul, on the new Capital Markets Law, Turkey as a potential financial center, and credit rating agencies.
Jonathan Holley, CEO, Bank Alkhair
TBY talks to Jonathan Holley, CEO of Bank Alkhair, on the bright outlook for Islamic banking, the significance of the Turkish financial sector as a magnet for investment from the Middle East, and FDI.
Reşat Karabıyık, General Manager, Bizim (BMD) Securities
TBY talks to Reşat Karabıyık, Managing Director of Bizim Securities (BMD), on the growth of interest-free investment products and Turkey's capital markets.
Forum: Assets Under Management
Take AUM
Asset management firms are on hand to invest in Turkey's growing private sector, helping entrepreneurs to graduate to the next level.
Review: Insurance
Where There's an Asset
Allianz's purchase of Yapı Kredi Sigorta not only made the European insurer the biggest player in the Turkish insurance market, but reaffirmed the attractiveness of the market to foreign investors.
B2B: Protect & Serve
Non-life Providers
The non-life insurance segment dwarves the life segment, with fierce competition from both home and abroad driving growth.
Focus: Private Pensions
Rainy Day Savings
Fresh legislation opening up the private pensions segment has injected new vigor into the industry.
Mehmet Bostan, General Manager, Vakıf Emeklilik
TBY talks to Mehmet Bostan, General Manager of Vakıf Emeklilik, on the private pension system and the new pensions law.
Forum: Pensions Changes
Windows of Life
New legislation is expected to open up fresh opportunities for both customers and providers in the pensions sector.
Review: Energy
Strength in Diversity
Rising demand for energy is costing Turkey billions per year. The authorities are seeking ways to capitalize on local resources and sustainable alternatives to stem the trend.
Taner Yıldız, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources, Turkey
TBY talks to Taner Yıldız, Minister of Energy & Natural Resources, on the hunt for shale gas, the implications of nuclear energy for Turkey, and the significance of coal in the energy mix.
Antoine Tournand, Managing Director, Total Oil Turkey
TBY talks to Antoine Tournand, Managing Director of Total Oil Turkey, on the creation of a new look and Turkey's tendency to lead the way on innovation.
Tarkan Kadooğlu, Chairman, Kadooğlu Group
TBY talks to Tarkan Kadooğlu, Chairman of Kadooğlu Group, on market share targets and operations in Iraq.
Bud Fackrell, President, BP Turkey
TBY talks to Bud Fackrell, President of BP Turkey, on the company's role in the local energy market, community involvement, and gas export potential.
Focus: Exploration
Fields Afresh
Accelerated activity in exploration for energy resources has led to increased interest in uncovering hard-to-reach reserves—a challenging, but potentially rewarding prospect.
B2B: Tiway
The Deal Cutters
As national and global companies conduct exploration activities in the country, Turkey benefits from increased investment and a more diverse energy mix.
Focus: Coal Power
The Treasure Beneath
Turkey's growing coal reserves have attracted increased attention from international companies, with government incentives being used to jump start a sector bursting with potential.
Forum: Coal-powered Generation
L-ignite Growth
As clean burning technology rolls out, coal could be Turkey's most valuable resource in the coming years.
Halil Alış, General Manager, EÜAŞ
TBY talks to Halil Alış, General Manager of EÜAŞ, on growing electricity demands in Turkey, the role of privatization, and the company's role in meeting national targets.
Focus: Nuclear Energy
Up & Atom
In the race to reduce dependence on imported energy, Turkey is looking to nuclear power as a sound alternative for the future.
Sir Suma Chakrabarti, President, European Bank for Reconstruction & Development
Sustainable development is growth that doesn't burden our children or grandchildren. We at the EBRD believe that the current economic crisis is an opportunity for us all to have a close look at the way we manage our resources and build our future. And we are already doing exactly that in Turkey.
Vox Populi: Renewables
Grow & Abound
Turkey's electricity challenge has encouraged a host of companies to begin developing in the country. With strong natural resources, there is much opportunity for renewables.
Review: Mining
The Need to Dig
Despite not having pulled in global mining giants, a new commercial law is going a long way to attract foreign firms into a sector that is beginning to flourish.
Han İlhan, Country Manager, Alamos Gold
TBY talks to Han İlhan, Country Manager of Alamos Gold, on the country's most important mines, the favorable investment outlook for Turkey, and the company's corporate social responsibility plans.
Baran Umut Baycan, Founding Senior Partner, Baycan Law Office
TBY talks to Baran Umut Baycan, Founding Senior Partner of Baycan Law Office, on offering top-notch advice and support to clients operating in the local mining sector.
B2B: Gold
The Rush for More
Gold is one of the mining industry's hottest areas right now, with both domestic and foreign activity.
Review: Industry
Ready, Steady, Make!
Following a strong 2011, Turkey proved once again in 2012 why it is the chosen destination for manufacturers looking for an export base and a strong domestic market.
Volker Hammes, Head of BASF Business Center Turkey, Middle East & North Africa and CEO, BASF Türk
TBY talks to Volker Hammes, Head of BASF Business Center for Turkey, the Middle East, and North Africa, and CEO of BASF Turk, on Turkey as a regional hub, the investment environment, and the company's role in the country.
Toker Özcan, CEO, SaSa
TBY talks to Toker Özcan, CEO of SaSa, on the company's growth, changing trends over the last decade, and uncertainty in the eurozone.
Focus: Petrochemicals
Turkey's role in the regional petrochemicals industry looks set to grow, with the expansion of refinery capacity and participation in multinational projects.
Forum: Chemicals
Local and international chemicals companies see the advantages of working along the value chain and spurring R&D as the industry grows.
B2B: Auto Makers
Time for Turkey
The automotive sector is one of Turkey's most significant export drivers, with foreign firms using the country as a manufacturing hub.
Focus: Turkish Apparel Overseas
Send a Swatch
As the textiles industry moves away from Chinese competition in the ready-to-wear market, Turkish exporters are looking to add value every way that they can.
Professional Outfitters
Turkey is rapidly transforming from a producer of affordable textiles into a fashion hub and exporter of value-added products, while international brands eye the country's young and increasingly wealthy consumers.
Vox Populi: Machinery
Organ Grinders
Machinery forms a large part of Turkey's export basket and is a key weapon in tackling the country's current account deficit.
Review: Defense
The Turkish defense industry is looking to establish its name in the international market and begin exporting to more countries.
Interview: Defense
İsmet Yılmaz, Minister of National Defense, Turkey
TBY talks to İsmet Yılmaz, Minister of National Defense, on the role private companies are playing in defense, promoting Turkish products abroad, and local development projects.
Murad Bayar, Undersecretary, Defense Industries (SSM)
TBY talks to Murad Bayar, Undersecretary for Defense Industries (SSM), on achieving the Vision 2023 target, promoting the Turkish defense industry, and producing new lines.
K. Nail Kurt, CEO, FNSS Defense Systems
TBY talks to K. Nail Kurt, CEO of FNSS Savunma Sistemleri, on the development of Turkey's defense industry and the potential for global exports.
Sefa Küçükpazarlı, General Manager, Küçükpazarlı Aviation
Muharrem Dörtkaşlı, President & CEO, Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI)
TBY talks to Muharrem Dörtkaşlı, President & CEO of Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI), on the development of the company, major projects and accomplishments, and adding higher value-added products to the export list.
Focus: Small Arms
Running & Gunning
From humble beginnings, small arms makers have staked out a solid position in Turkey's overall defense industry, with exports the name of the game.
Şafak Atilla, General Manager, Armsan
Can you give us some brief information on Armsan's field of expertise?
Patrick Regis, CEO, Rolls-Royce Turkey
TBY talks to Patrick Regis, CEO of Rolls-Royce Turkey, on the significance of Turkey to the company, important sectors, and the defense industry.
Review: ICT
The Next Connection
The telecoms sector is continuing its strong growth pattern, while the internet component is seeing a rapid uptake, with social media use proving especially popular.
Interview: ICT
Nihat Ergün, Minister of Science, Industry, & Technology, Republic of Turkey
TBY talks to Nihat Ergün, Minister of Science, Industry, & Technology, on local efforts to boost R&D and the need for more high-tech manufacturing.
B2B: Systems
Digital Living
As the ICT sector continues to grow globally, companies are looking at ways to integrate new technologies and systems into everyday life.
Vox Populi: E-Commerce
Money Clicks
With a growing internet penetration rate and an increasing amount of trust in e-commerce, companies are looking to take advantage of new trends.
Review: Transport
Huge infrastructure projects are in the pipeline to keep Turkey running as efficiently as possible, attract FDI, and support a growing amount of passengers and freight.
Binali Yıldırım, Minister of Transport, Maritime Affairs, and Communications, Turkey
TBY talks to Binali Yıldırım, Minister of Transport, Maritime Affairs, and Communications, on the benefits of high-speed trains, the possibility of becoming a maritime hub, and the importance of civil aviation.
Tayfun Öktem, CEO, Ekol Logistics
TBY talks to Tayfun Öktem, CEO of Ekol Logistics, on the history and vision of the company, R&D, and trends in the logistics sector.
Bea Berke, General Manager Turkey, Lufthansa, Swiss, and Austrian Airlines
TBY talks to Bea Berke, General Manager Turkey at Lufthansa, Swiss & Austrian Airlines, on the growth of the air transport links between Turkey and Germany.
Vox Populi: Air Sector
To Be Up There
Air transport in Turkey currently only represents 6% of all travel passengers, but as more regional and low-cost airlines begin to operate this number will likely rise.
Focus: Rail Liberalization
The Iron Road
New legislation seeking to open up the railway sector to private investment comes at a time when Turkey's role as a transport corridor is expanding.
Süleyman Karaman, Chairman, Turkish State Railways (TCDD)
TBY talks to Süleyman Karaman, Chairman of Turkish State Railways (TCDD), on track improvements aimed at increasing passenger and freight volumes and the future of high-speed rail.
Review: Real Estate
The real estate sector is riding on the back of increased mortgage penetration rates; however, it will have to manage its assets wisely if it wants the good times to continue.
Inside Perspective
Erdoğan Bayraktar, Turkey, Minister for Environment and Urbanization
Erdoğan Bayraktar, Minister for Environment & Urbanization, on the reforms to deal with the risks of natural disasters and urban transformation.
Bülent Kural, General Manager, Trump Towers Istanbul
TBY talks to Bülent Kural, General Manager of Trump Towers Istanbul, on the international brand of Istanbul, the type of clients in the Towers, and the benefits residents will experience.
Anthony Khoi, CEO, Aerium Turkey
TBY talks to Anthony Khoi, CEO of Aerium Turkey, on investment strategies, successes during the crisis, and foreign investment in the country.
Quotes: Retail & Residential
I Heart Istanbul
After a slowdown during the global financial crisis, Istanbul is looking to get back on track and develop more projects after receiving investment grade status.
Review: Construction
The Big Pour
Turkey's powerful building materials market, along with some significant construction projects set out by the government, will help the sector maintain its strength.
Vox Populi: Materials
The Provision Trail
Turkish building materials firms are trying to establish a strong supply base for the construction sector both at home and abroad.
Review: Agriculture
Over the past decade, Turkey's agriculture sector has grown by leaps and bounds, and in some areas it has become a leading global exporter. Continuing this positive trend is the next challenge.
Mehmet Eker, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Turkey
TBY talks to Mehmet Eker, Minister of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, on Turkey's potential as an agriculture exporter, and the growth of exports.
Marco Votta, General Manager, TürkTraktör
TBY talks to Marco Votta, General Manager of Türk Traktör, on the market for agricultural machinery, the partnership between CNH Group and Koç Group, and plans for the tractor market.
Zeynep Erkunt Armağan, Vice-Chair & General Manager, Erkunt Traktör
TBY talks to Zeynep Erkunt Armağan, Vice-Chair & General Manager of Erkunt Traktör, on the export challenge for Turkish tractor manufacturers.
Focus: Wine
A Tasty Tipple
The domestic wine industry has blossomed since the 1980s, but it is now looking to branch out to foreign markets to create a stable and sustainable future.
Forum: Wine
The Turkish wine sector is very new when it comes to the international market. Wine makers are looking at innovative ways to introduce the country's grapes to different palates.
Review: Health
An increasing focus on R&D and the attraction of FDI will shape the development of Turkey's healthcare sector in the years to come. Improving quality will also result in higher numbers of medical tourists.
Mehmet Müezzinoğlu, Minister of Health, Republic of Turkey
TBY talks to Mehmet Müezzinoğlu, Minister of Health, on the transformation of the healthcare sector, the importance of medical tourism, and the changing focuses of the Ministry of Health.
Cengiz Bozca, General Manager, Emsey Hospital
TBY talks to Cengiz Bozca, General Manager of Emsey Hospital, on the wide range of services that need to be offered to encourage higher foreign patient numbers.
B2B: Hospital Providers
Check in, Check up
Due to improved investments and a high standard of medical infrastructure, Turkey is now able to explore the lucrative market of medical tourism as well as expand its current hospital network.
Forum: Pharmaceuticals
Secure a Supply
As Turkey's population begins to age, pharmaceutical companies are increasingly seeing the country as a prime manufacturing and export hub for the region.
Review: Education
Quality & Quantity
Turkey's rapidly growing education sector has raised standards in the region, attracted more domestic and foreign students, and expanded internationally.
Rifat Sarıcaoğlu, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Istanbul Bilgi University
TBY talks to Rıfat Sarıcaoğlu, Chairman of Bilgi University, on the importance of dual degree programs, attracting international students, and meeting education goals for 2023.
Devrim Karaaslanlı, CEO, Bahçeşehir Schools
TBY talks to Devrim Karaaslanlı, CEO of Bahçeşehir Schools, on the growing need for technology in schools, the demand for private education, and what it takes to prepare students for national exams.
Review: Tourism
A Fresh Look
Turkey still has room for growth in several tourism segments, and further private and public sector initiatives could enhance its attractiveness to investors.
Ömer Çelik, Minister of Culture & Tourism, Turkey
TBY talks to Ömer Çelik, Minister of Culture & Tourism, on reaching goals set for the sector and balancing growth with the protection of tourism resources.
Photo Essay: Mardin
Having passed through the annals of time, Mardin today is a relic of past empires and a key stop on the southeast Turkey tourist trail.
Vox Populi: Hotels
The hotel market is eager to attract tourists who are looking for culture, facilities, and an experience that goes beyond the sun, sea, and sand model.
İsmet Ömer Öztanık, Vice-President, Lucis Global
TBY talks to İsmet Ömer Öztanık, Vice-President at Lucis Global, on the hospitality sector and new hotels in Istanbul.
Focus: 2020 Olympics Bid
Turkey's fifth Olympic bid is its strongest yet, and its people are confident that the country will be ready well before 2020.
Suat Kılıç, Minister of Youth & Sports, Republic of Turkey
TBY talks to Suat Kılıç, Minister of Youth & Sports, on the importance of the Olympic bid for Turkish society and the legacy of hosting international tournaments.
Hasan Arat, Chairman, Istanbul 2020 Olympic Bid Committee
TBY talks to Hasan Arat, Chairman of the Istanbul 2020 Olympic Bid Committee, on the city as the perfect candidate for an international event and the importance of better infrastructure and a young demographic as it vies for the prize.
Focus: Film & TV
Whether by exporting TV shows as a form of soft power or through raising awareness of the country as a location for Hollywood films, Turkey is boosting its fame on the silver screen.
B2B: Film Industry
Lights, Camera, Attraction!
Drawing attention to Turkey as a perfect destination for filmmaking and using productions set in the country to attract tourists is forming a winning combination.
Review: Legal
The Power to Be
Mr. Zeynel Tunç, Counsel heading the Energy, Infrastructure, and Construction Practice at Paksoy, on Turkey's electricity law, the developments taking place in the privatization of its electricity market, and on renewable energy.
Serdar Paksoy, Senior Partner, Paksoy Istanbul
TBY talks to Serdar Paksoy, Senior Partner of Paksoy, on the new Capital Markets Law, sources of foreign interest, and advice for investors.
Review: Accountancy
Number Crunch
A rundown of what investors should know about the tax system in Turkey while operating in the country.
Up next ...
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Total length (L) and wing span (W) are mean figures obtained primarily from the nine-volume work The Birds of the Western Palearctic by Cramp et al. (1977-1994); measurements for a few species were unavailable due to taxonomic changes and these were obtained from other literature references. These figures are a relative rather than an exact measure of size because of the variability inherent in measuring techniques that include live birds and specimens of different ages and geographic locations.


text:
Urgent Call
Forum: Peace and Beyond
IPT2018
ICHRPInternational Coalition for Human Rights for the Philippines
HUMAN RIGHTS 2021: Red-tagging, systematic state murder are the order of the day in the Philippines -ICHRP
On the night of January 2, in Sta. Rita town, Pampanga, Federico Pineda, a construction worker who was celebrating his daughter's seventh birthday was shot...
PH gov't human rights summit, a deodorizer
An international rights group called out the government's "human rights" summit as another platform to save face after gaining global notoriety for human rights...
Junk MO 32, End Lawless State Violence on Negros Island, Philippines!
This November 22, the International Coalition for Human Rights in the Philippines - Canada calls for the junking of Memorandum Order No. 32 (MO...
#DefendCordilleraPh: Release Igorot leader Beatrice Belen!
Global organisations and rights advocates condemn the recent arrest of indigenous peoples leader Beatrice Belen of Innabuyog Kalinga, in the Northern Philippines. Groups under...
ICHRP on the adoption of UNHRC Resolution: PH gov't peddled lies to the UN body
The International Coalition for Human Rights in the Philippines (ICHRP) once again expressed their demand for an independent international investigation on the non-stop rights...
AllLetterUrgent Call
Appeal to accept report and recommendations of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights
LETTER June 13, 2020 H. E. Mr Rodrigo Duterte President of the Republic of the Philippines Malacañang Palace,JP Laurel St., San Miguel Manila, Philippines Appeal to accept report and...
Strongest protest at red-tagging of foreign human rights defenders
May 22, 2020, H. E. Mr Rodrigo Duterte, President of the Republic of the Philippines Malcanang Palace E-mail: pcc@malacanang.gov.ph or http://op-proper.gov.ph/ Strongest protest at red-tagging of foreign human rights defenders Dear Excellency, On May...
OPEN LETTER: Urging again the Supreme Court of the Philippines to send political prisoners home
May 5, 2020, H. E. Mr Rodrigo Duterte, President of the Republic of the Philippines Malcanang Palace E-mail: op@president.gov.ph or http://op-proper.gov.ph/ Urging again the Supreme Court of the Philippines to send political...
Duterte's all-out war against the people amid the COVID 19 pandemic
INTERNATIONAL COALITION FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PHILIPPINES - AUSTRALIA 29 April 2020 We have protested the growing militarization of the Philippines and the institution of...
AllForum: Peace and BeyondIPT2018
Tribunal Declares Trump and Duterte Guilty of Crimes Against Humanity
BY Marjorie Cohn Source: https://truthout.org/articles/tribunal-declares-trump-and-duterte-guilty-of-crimes-against-humanity/ Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte and his government committed war crimes and crimes against humanity, aided and abetted by U.S. President Donald...
Duterte, Trump guilty of war crimes, crimes against humanity
By Janess Ann J. Ellao bulatlat.com Guilty. This is the verdict of the recently-concluded International Peoples' Tribunal (IPT) against President Rodrigo Duterte, US President Donald Trump, and...
'Tribunal is genuine pursuit of truth and justice'
"The International Peoples' Tribunal is a genuine process of uncovering the culpability of the Duterte administration in the gross violation of the rights...
Leaving the ICC, dismissing the IPT are acts of cowards evading accountability
"It takes very little to irk the President as mere mention of the words justice and accountability puts his entire government in the...
Duterte now a known dictator with EU Parliament vote
President Rodrigo Duterte has become a globally infamous dictator with the European Union (EU) Parliament passing a resolution on the country's human rights crisis...
ICHRP mourns state murder of Filipina human rights worker
Slain paralegal Zara Alvarez helped bring cases of Negros killings to UNHRC "We mourn the killing of human rights worker Zara Alvarez, a brave and...
Global rights group condemns state murder of Filipino peace consultant
Assassination of land reform activist Randall Echanis designed to destroy peace dialogue The International Coalition for Human Rights in the Philippines protests in the very...
The Philippine Government Should Immediately Repeal Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, which Harms Human rights and Democracy!
We Condemn the Duterte government for Continuous Suppression of Human Rights! Statement of ICHRP-Korea on the signing of the Anti-Terrorism Act July 7, 2020. On 3 July...
Home urgent alert
APPEAL FOR ACTION: Brother of political prisoner, shot dead in Occidental Mindoro, Southern Luzon, Philippines
Brother of political prisoner, shot dead in Occidental Mindoro, Southern Luzon, Philippines
UA No: 2012-12-01 January 3, 2012
UA Case : Extrajudicial Killing
Victim/s : GUILLERMO CASTILLO, 46, Farmer
· Resident of Sitio Tiguilan, Brgy. Tayamaan, Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro
· Married with six children
· Member of the Samahang Magbubukid sa Kanlurang Mindoro, a local farmers' organization
· Brother of political detainee Eulogio Castillo, one of the Morong 43 detainees who remain incarcerated
Place of Incident : Sitio Tiguilan, brgy. Tayamaan, Mamburao, Occidental Mindoro
Date of Incident : December 13, 2011
Alleged Perpetrator(s) : A lone gunman, suspected soldier of the 80th Infantry Battalion, Phil. Army, wearing a jacket, denim shortpants, with a shirt covering the lower half of his face, and sporting a crew-cut hair
Account of the Incident:
On December 13, 2011, at 6:30 pm, Marites de Villa, Guillermo's wife was manning their small sari-sari store, when a man she mistook as her eldest son, came and entered their house. He went straight to the kitchen which was near the door and shot her husband Guillermo, who was then cooking their dinner.
Guillermo was still able to run and hide inside their room, while the assailant fled on foot.
Guillermo suffered from four gunshot wounds and was declared dead-on-arrival at the hospital.
Guillermo was the brother of Eulogio Castillo, one of the 43 health workers who were illegally arrested in Morong and detained in 2010. Eulogio was kept in detention based on more trumped-up criminal charges, even as the others were released in December 2010. On September 12, 2011, Eulogio was transferred from Bicutan, Taguig to the Occidental Mindoro Provincial Jail in Mamburao town. A total of 17 criminal charges had been filed against him.
Prior to the killing, Guillermo and his siblings were subjected to constant military harassment, being accused as supporters of the New People's Army. One of the siblings recounted the threat allegedly made by Army Lt. Juvielyn Cabading that they will be killed after Eulogio was arrested in February 2010.
Soldiers maintained presence in Guillermo's community. Members of the 80thInfantry Battalion were deployed to their village, a month before he was killed.
The local policemen interviewed Maritess at the hospital and in their home, and asked questions from their nieces and nephews at the house. Other family members said that the police implied that Guillermo owned a gun because they asked why he was still able to run and hide inside their room. The police even went to the back of the house and noted that the place led to the boondocks and that the house was isolated from other homes.
In 2004, soldiers repeatedly harassed Guillermo because he was accused of supporting members of the New People's Army. Guillermo promptly filed complaints with the police regarding such harassment, and even had a dialogue with the military to expose the harassment against him.
Karapatan-Southern Tagalog views the killing as part of the continuing political repression on progressive groups and activists critical of the government.
Guillermo was laid to rest on Dec. 20.
Recommended Action:
Send letters, emails or fax messages calling for:
1. The immediate formation of an independent fact-finding and investigation team composed of representatives from human rights groups, the Church, local government, and the Commission on Human Rights that will look into the extrajudicial killing of Guillermo Castillo.
2. The military to stop the labeling and targeting of human rights defenders as "members of front organizations of the communists" and
"enemies of the state."
3. The Philippine Government to withdraw its counterinsurgency program Oplan Bayanihan, which victimizes innnocent and unarmed civilians.
4. The Philippine Government to be reminded that it is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and that it is also a party to all the major Human Rights instruments, thus it is bound to observe all of these instruments' provisions.
You may send your communications to:
H. E. Benigno S. Aquino III
President of the Philippines
2/F Bonifacio Hall, Malacañang, Manila
Tel: 733-3010 loc 882/ 887
Website: president.gov.ph <http://www.president.gov.ph/>
Secretary Teresita Quintos-Deles
Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP)
7/F Agustin I Building, F. Ortigas Jr. Road, Ortigas Center, Pasig City
Tel: 6360701 to 06 / 637-6083
Email: stqd@opapp.net
Website: opapp.gov.ph
Ret. Lt. Gen. Voltaire T. Gazmin
Secretary, Department of National Defense
Room 301 DND Building, Camp Emilio Aguinaldo,
E. de los Santos Avenue, Quezon City
Voice:+63(2) 911-9281 / 911-0488
Fax:+63(2) 911 6213
Email: osnd@philonline.com
Atty. Leila De Lima
Secretary, Department of Justice
Padre Faura St., Manila
Direct Line 521-8344; 5213721
Trunkline 523-84-81 loc.214
Email: soj@doj.gov.ph
Hon. Loretta Ann P. Rosales
Chairperson, Commission on Human Rights
SAAC Bldg., UP Complex
Commonwealth Avenue
Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
Voice: (+632) 928-5655, 926-6188
Fax: (+632) 929 0102
Email: <coco.chrp@gmail.com>chair.rosales.chr@gmail.com,
lorettann@gmail.com
Please send us a copy of your email/mail/fax to the above-named government officials, to our address below.
URGENT ACTION Prepared by:
KARAPATAN Alliance for the Advancement of People's Rights
2/F Erythrina Bldg., #1 Maaralin cor Matatag Sts.,
Brgy. Central, Diliman, Quezon City 1100 PHILIPPINES
Voice/Fax: (+632) 435 4146
Email: urgentaction@karapatan.org
Website: www.karapatan.org
Philippine Army
political killing
riomon
Military kills civilians, including 6-year old boy, in Bukidnon
KATUNGOD LUMAD ALERT Military men allegedly killed two residents, one of them a 6-year old boy, and wounded another in a military operation in the...
URGENT ACTION: Human rights defender Zara Alvarez threatened
By Human Rights Matter Name of HRD at risk: Zara Reboton Alvarez Country: Philippines Date and time of security incident: 4th of March 2016 at 08:45 am Security...
Five Lumad hurt as evacuation camp in UCCP Haran, Davao City set to fire
Dear Friends, Please join us in calling for an independent investigation on the burning of the evacuation camp of Lumad at the compound of the...
4 Higaonon Datus face trumped-up murder charges
Four Datus (indigenous chieftains), along with eight other members of the Higaonon community in Cabanglasan, Bukidnon, face murder charges at the start of 2016. Bendiho...
Talaandig killed, 2 children wounded in latest attack of paramilitary group
Katungod Lumad Alert: The dela Mance paramilitary group has struck once again, killing Mankombate Mariano, and wounded his grandchildren aged 10 and 11 years old. On...
International human rights group decry Philippine government closure of Lumad sanctuary
Portland Human Rights Commission Votes in Favor of Resolution to Suspend Military Aid to Duterte Regime
International human rights group laud conviction of Ampatuans
Support the Filipino People's Struggle, Not U.S. War
HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS PERPETUATED BY PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
ICHRPInternational Coalition for Human Rights in the Philippines


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        name: "Casey Turner",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Jimmie  Wilson",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Nathaniel Steele",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Aubrey  Cole",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Donnie  Summers",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Kate  Myers",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Priscilla Hawkins",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Joe Barker",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Lee Norman",
        online: false
    }, {
        name: "Ebony Rice",
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});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


For information about commissioning of liquid cooling, see the EE HPC WG Liquid Cooling Commissioning white paper.
Bates N, Hsu CH, Imam N, Wilde T, Sartor D, "Re-examining HPC Energy Efficiency Dashboard Elements," Proceedings of the 12th Workshop on High Performance Power Aware Computing held in conjunction with the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Computing Symposium. Chicago, Illinois. 2016.
Thomas Scogland, Jonathan Azose, David Rohr, Natalie Bates, Suzanne Rivoire, Daniel Hackenberg, Torsten Wilde, James H. Rogers, "Node Variability in Large-Scale Power Measurements: Perspectives from the Green500, Top500 and EE HPC WG". SC'15 Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis Article No. 74.
Bates N, Ghatikar G, Abdulla G, Koenig G, Bhalachandra S, Sheikhalishahi M, Patki T, Rountree B, Poole S, "The Electrical Grid and Supercomputing Centers: An Investigative Analysis of Emerging Opportunities and Challenges". Energiinformatik 2014. Springer Publications. Zurich, Switerland 2014.
Bates N, Patterson M, "Achieving the 20MW Target: Mobilizing the HPC Community to Accelerate Energy Efficient Computing". Advances in Parallel Computing, volume HPC: Transition Towards Exascale Processing, published by IOS Press. 2013.
Sartor D, Mahdavi R, Radhakrishnan B, Bates N, et. al., "General Recommendations for High Performance Computing Data Center Energy Management Dashboard Display". 9th Workshop on High-Performance Power-Aware Computing Conference, held in conjunction with the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Computing Symposium. Boston, MA 2013.
Patterson M, Poole S, Hsu C, Maxwell D, Tschudi W, Coles M, Martinez D, Bates N, " TUE, a new energy-efficiency metric applied at ORNL's Jaguar". Gauss Best Paper Award, ISC13 International Supercomputing Conference. Leipzig, Germany 2013.
Coles H, Ellsworth M, Martinez D., et. al., "Hot for Warm Water Cooling". SC11 International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking and Storage. 2011 November 16. [Internet]. (c2011-2013).


text:
www.eclipseglasses.co.uk Home | Contact Us | Links | Help
Follow @CEclipseGlasses
Previous Solar Eclipse Details
Wednesday 29 March 2006 - Total Solar Eclipse of the Sun
A Total Solar Eclipse is one of the most breathtaking phenomenons anyone can observe.
Enjoy this rare event and view the sun safely by using CE approved Solar Eclipse Glasses available here to Buy Now on-line, and have them delivered anywhere in the world.
Buy Now - Solar Eclipse Glasses
On Wednesday 29 March 2006 a Total Eclipse will be visible from many easily accessible holiday destinations such as Libya, Egypt, Turkey and beyond into central Asia.
For anyone in England in the UK, most of Europe, Africa or Asia there will be a partial eclipse visible.
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes in front of the Sun and obscures it totally or partially (the proper terminology is an occultation of the Sun by the Moon).
Warning : Viewing the Sun at any time other than during the brief period of totality of a total eclipse requires special eye protection such as these Solar Eclipse Glasses, or indirect viewing methods.
Solar eclipse glasses will be vital to provide safe direct solar viewing of the Total Solar Eclipse of the Sun on Wednesday 29 March 2006.
These solar eclipse glasses are CE approved and independently tested for safe direct solar viewing. The eclipse glasses comply with the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Directive (Directive 89/686/EEC), the DTI web site has details of the EC directive.
Our eclipse glasses were included in the write up last October in the Sky at Night magazine, and in 2004 we supplied the eclipse glasses featured by Lucie Green and Adam Hart-Davis on the BBC Open-University coverage of the Transit of Venus.
The eclipse glasses are plain white cardboard glasses with arms, which can be worn like spectacles. One size fits all - adults and children. The rear of the eclipse glasses is printed in English with the following explicit safe use information, they are also printed on the rear with the CE mark.
User Instructions: Inspect each time before use. Do not use if damaged, torn, or punctured.
Do not use with other optical devices. This is not a toy. Children must be supervised.
Limited to 3 minutes continuous use, intermittently for several hours. Do not move around when in use.
Do not use with diseased eye or after eye surgery. Optical density 5.0. Safe for direct solar viewing.
Warning: Never look at the sun without special eye protection. When viewing the eclipse, use eclipsers at all times when any part of the sun is visible.
For safe solar observations the lenses filter 99.999% of the ultra-violet and infrared rays of the sun and are rated at optical density 5.0. The patented lenses consist of double aluminised 2-ml scratch resistant optical grade polyester film, known as SolarSkreen® (US Patent 3,897,140) originally invented by Roger Tuthill in 1972 (tough optical-grade, aluminum-coated Mylar® filter - silver coloured).
Discounts are available for orders of large quantities of solar eclipse glasses. Let us help you increase the impact of your advertising with custom solar eclipse glasses printed with your own full colour design and marketing message. Minimum 4 weeks delivery - don't delay, order today. Please Contact Us for details. (Minimum order for customised printing is 5,000 eclipse glasses.)
Total Solar Eclipse : Wednesday 29 March 2006
What You Will See
A Total Eclipse beginning in Brazil at sunrise will be visible on Wednesday 29 March 2006. The path of the eclipse then crosses the Atlantic Ocean and passes through the Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Libya, Egypt, Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Chechnya, Dagestan, Kalmykia, Astrakhan, Kazakhstan, Siberia (Russia) and ends in Mongolia at sunset. Major towns and cities from which to see the total eclipse are Caico, Natal, Sekondi-Takoradi, Accra, Begoro, Atakpame, Saki, Jalu, Cyrenaics, Bardiya, Kumluca, Antalya, Konya, Amasya, Tokat, Ordu, Sokhumi, Sagiz, Rubtovsk, Biysk, Choya, Gorno-Altaysk, Kubayka, Kyzyl and Kazantsevo.
Excellent web sites for further information about solar eclipses and how to view them safely can be found on our eclipse links page. A selection is listed here:
NASA Eclipse Information
Sheridan Williams' Solar Eclipse Web Site
Manufacturers safety endorsement
Our safe solar eclipse viewing glasses have received an independent safety endorsement from the foremost authority on eye safety during solar eclipses. Dr. Ralph Chou, professor of optometry at University of Waterloo, developed the eye safety standards for viewing solar eclipses.
"Solar Skreen® has had an excellent reputation for more than 25 years as a safe filter material for observing the sun and solar eclipses. I recommend it for both beginning and experienced solar observers." Dr. Ralph Chou.
Safety Warning:
Never directly look at the photosphere of the Sun (the bright disk of the Sun itself) with the naked eye or through an optical device such as a telescope, binoculars or an optical camera viewfinder. Even looking for just a few seconds could seriously damage your eye sight and possibly lead to permanent blindness. Your eyes and other optical devices concentrate the extremely strong visible and invisible radiation such as infrared and ultraviolet light from the Sun onto the retina. Which can permanently destroy the ability of the retina to detect light. The retina has no sensitivity to pain, so there is no warning that injury is occurring and the effects of retinal damage may not appear for hours.
To safely observe a solar eclipse you must use CE approved safety solar eclipse glasses such as those on sale here or use indirect methods such as pin hole projection onto a suitable surface (details of indirect methods can be found on the web sites listed on our eclipse links page).
Please note these solar eclipse glasses are not suitable for use with optical devices such as telescopes, binoculars or an optical camera viewfinder, you need stronger and larger solar eclipse filters than these to protect you from the magnified sun light when using optical devices.
Sunglasses are not safe, you will put your eye sight at risk by only wearing regular sunglasses or shades to directly view the sun, as they do not block the harmful and invisible radiation which causes retinal damage. Only properly designed and certified solar filters such as the ones in these eclipse glasses should ever be used for direct viewing of the Sun's disk.
Under normal everyday circumstances there is no tendency to look at the Sun in a way that might damage the eye. Especially as the Sun is so bright that it is difficult to stare at it directly. However, during an eclipse, the Sun is the centre of attention and with so much of the Sun covered, it is tempting and slightly easier to stare at it. Unfortunately, looking at the Sun during an eclipse is just as dangerous as looking at the Sun any other time of the year. The only exception is the brief period of totality during a total eclipse, when the Sun's disk is completely covered by the moon. (Totality only occurs during a total eclipse and only for a matter of seconds or minutes, it does not occur during a partial or annular eclipse).
Viewing totality during a total eclipse
During the total phase of a total solar eclipse is the only time it is safe to observe the Sun directly with the unaided eye, binoculars or a telescope, when the Sun's photosphere (the bright disk of the Sun itself) is completely covered by the Moon. Viewing the Sun during Totality is a very beautiful and spectacular sight, but it is too dim to be seen through filters. The Sun's faint corona will be visible, and even the chromosphere, solar prominences, and possibly even a solar flare may be seen. However, it is vitally important to stop directly viewing the Sun before the end of totality. The exact duration and time of totality will depend on the location from which the eclipse is being observed, and should be determined from a reliable source such as local astronomers, etc.
Note that it is never safe to directly look at the Sun during an annular or partial eclipse, because the Sun's disk is never completely obscured by the moon during this type of eclipse.
Dates for future Eclipses
29 March 2006 : Total Solar Eclipse from Brazil across the Atlantic Ocean to northern Africa, Libya, Egypt, Turkey, across central Asia and Mongolia.
22 September 2006 : Annular Solar Eclipse from South America and then only from the Atlantic ocean.
19 March 2007 : Partial Solar Eclipse visible from Asia and Alaska.
11 September 2007 : Partial Solar Eclipse visible from South America and Antarctica
1 August 2008 - Total Solar Eclipse : visible from Canada, Greenland, Arctic Ocean, Novaya Zemlya, Russia, Mongolia and China.
Home | Contact Us | Links | Help
Copyright © 2017 Assistpoint Limited - England, UK. - Web site design by Assistpoint Limited


text:
Q: column is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause, not sure what's the problem Write a SELECT statement that returns three columns:  Date,  closing price for IBM
Ticker, and closing price for GLD ticker. Don't understand why I get this error..."Column 'TS_DailyData.Close' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause."
SELECT Date, [Close] AS IBM_Close, [Close] AS GLD_Close
FROM Table
WHERE Ticker = 'IBM'
UNION
SELECT Date, [Close] AS IBM_Close, [Close] AS GLD_Close
FROM Table
WHERE Ticker = 'GLD';

also tried this
SELECT Date, [Close] AS IBM_Close, [Close] AS GLD_Close
FROM TS_DailyData
WHERE Ticker = 'IBM'
GROUP BY Date
UNION
SELECT Date, [Close] AS IBM_Close, [Close] AS GLD_Close
FROM TS_DailyData
WHERE Ticker = 'GLD'
GROUP BY Date;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Dean Whitbread
Dean Whitbread's Biography
Skills, Expertise, Qualifications
Essays and Articles
On Publishing
On Web Art
On Spirit
I put out a song called 'Single', my first such release in 30 years. I wrote the prog-rock / art song in 2017, during the period I was caring for my mother, far from civilisation and indeed, friends. It's fast, guitar-driven with pounding dance beats, a fat moving bassline, and intoxicated, psychedelic vocals. The melody came to me in the street, and I recorded it on my phone. It kept me sane.
https://artist.landr.com/music/628810187232
Music making all my life, I was first put in front of a piano at four years old. While I didn't quite replicate Mozart and play a classical piece from memory, I sat and played the original tune I had in my head with two hands and syncopated timing for ten minutes or so. I recall being rather taken aback that the group of adults present in the room thought this act worthy of great praise – a fuss was made. My parents consequently afforded me enough additional musical education that it formed a good part of my life and living since then.
As well as making traditionally played music using conventional instruments and voice, I work across many musical genres, composing radio-friendly three minute songs, soundtracks for moving image, month-long installation soundscapes…
In the past I have been particularly interested in the space between noise and music, where one becomes the other. I improvise around found sounds and field recordings, something which I began doing at ten years old, using cassette tape recorders. An early adopter of digital media production, I have always been interested in distorting, processing and enhancing sound. At the birth of internet media, I played a role in developing the streaming technology which now underpins the likes of YouTube and Spotify.
I cultivate no musical bias, having abandoned the concept of musical "taste". This conscious openness to all forms of music was a decision I took after I left art school, so as to broaden my musical horizons, and one I have never regretted. My influences and interests include funk, world music, pre-renaissance, pop, rock, hip hop, trip hop, vintage electronic, country, ambient, glitch, and musique concrète.
I produce much of my writing working alone, but I have also collaborated extensively, co-writing, performing with and producing some sublimely talented people.
For many years I collaborated with Mark Crook, a close friend and colleague from the age of 11 until his untimely death in 2013. Together, we wrote original music for artists and produced several acts, as well as co-writing and producing material for our own projects. Within the large body of work which was born from our collaboration are many of my best musical compositions, released via art visualists Cinema du Lyon.
Cinema is Burning, a track from the album, The Particle Zoo.
My biggest hit to date, Survival Game, co-written with Mike Turtle.
I wrote and produced a World Cup song for John Cleese with my old friend Ashley Slater. A jolly romp, like all the football songs in 2006 the song didn't sell hugely, but it did get great radio play, some fantastic press coverage and won Mr Cleese some better UK press than he'd had for some years.
In 2008 I devised and produced the Rise and Shine songwriting show with friend and co-writer Danny Brittain.
In 2017, my first band, The Believers, re-released our eponymous album.
You can listen to it free, or buy fourteen tracks for the bargain price of £7.00.
The Believers by The Believers
In June 2018, I re-released my summer 1991 song 'The Wind'.
Most recently I co-wrote and produced radio-friendly pop songs for Swiss artist Mike Low, and composed soundtracks for celebrated vidéaste Hervé Bernard.
You will find many more recent songs on Soundcloud and Reverb Nation.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ - - - - - - - - - ....-.-.-.-.-.-------------__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
ecology text culture Basel writing media art digital rights electronic images Switzerland death dream Fred digital solstice creativity techwology Norge bio tech instagram regulation internet reading good travel invention photo media lab grief biography Norway PNEK words 2012 mobile Leveson green weather image advice home social love decline Apple memes music PR instagrammar
That View Again
Prix Mobile
Silverhill Music Publishing
Cinema du Lyon
Rise and Shine Show
The Olds
Web Pioneering
All Contents © Dean Whitbread 2004 – 2019
contact: deanwhitbread [at] gmail
people ask what is the point? and I tell them, it's the sharp bit at the end


text:
Mental Schemas #2: Mistrust
Handling negative emotions
This is the second in a series of articles that draw on the field of schema therapy, an approach to addressing negative thinking patterns that was devised by Dr. Jeffrey Young. There's more information about schemas and schema therapy on a new page on The Willpower Engine here.
The Mistrust Schema
People with the Mistrust Schema expect bad treatment from others. They tend to think or say that they always get the worst of things, that other people want to do them harm, or that it's not safe to trust others. Having a Mistrust Schema means feeling deep down, on a gut level, regardless of logic, that other people cannot be trusted, that the only safety is in keeping others at a distance.
Mistrust Schemas can be complicated or maintained in part by a person who avoids close connections with others out of fear of being hurt. This kind of avoidance encourages others to shun or disregard the person with the Mistrust Schema and makes it especially difficult to have any relationship that could prove the mistrust unfounded.
A person with a Mistrust Schema may also tend to jump to conclusions about others' intentions and motivations, leading to unfounded accusations or preemptive counter-strikes–both of which, needless to say, tend to make others less well-disposed toward the person struggling with mistrust.
The Mistrust Schema generally is built early in life in response to abuse, whether emotional, physical, or sexual, by a person in authority or by anyone who is deeply trusted. A child who is mistreated will often naturally adopt a strategy of assuming the worst of other people in order not to be put in a vulnerable position again if it can be helped. While this behavior may help with the original untrustworthy person, it gets carried over to everyone else as life goes on, creating an emotional barrier that encourages isolation and fear.
Overcoming a Mistrust Schema
Relieving and eventually overcoming a Mistrust Schema requires an act of faith: consciously deciding to trust a person from time to time. A Mistrust Schema expresses itself in part as the broken idea known as fortune telling, in which a person makes assumptions about how the future will be (in this case, assuming that others will treat them badly), or in the related broken idea called mind reading, in which a person assumes things about how someone else is thinking (in this case, assuming that they are planning something unkind). For a person to come to grips with this schema means first noticing how it is affecting their life, behavior, and especially thinking: perceiving that this basic assumption that others will be hurtful is causing thoughts to run a certain way, then consciously rerouting those thoughts.
For example, a person with a mistrust schema may see a family member's number coming up on caller ID before answering the phone and assume that the family member is calling to say unkind things. If the phone is answered with a hostile tone and the person with the mistrust schema is unkind or suspicious in the conversation, this encourages exactly the kind of behavior the person is predicting.
To cause the phone call to go another way, it's necessary to stop and change the thought "That's my sister. She's calling to harangue me again." to something like "That's my sister. She may be calling to say something unkind, something nice, or just to pass on news. If I act kindly toward her over the phone, though, she may possibly talk kindly back."
Small instances in which a person can demonstrate that mistrust is ill-founded can add up to greater confidence over time that can be used in situations that require more trust.
I'll also mention that a good cognitive therapist can often be very helpful when a person is facing a major or ongoing problem like an especially bad mistrust schema. Even without the help of a therapist, though, it's possible to take a stronger role in shaping our own mental landscapes when we're aware of and deal directly with our own broken thoughts.
Photo by j / f / photos
abuse, anxiety, broken ideas, fear, lifetraps, mental schemas, mindfulness, mistrust, relationships, schema therapy, schemas, suspicion, troubleshooting motivation
Jul 29, 2020: درباره طرح واره بی اعتمادی چه می دانید ؟ – مگنت – بزرگترین مجله اینترنتی
Allowed tags:   <acronym title="">
      <q cite=""> <s>
A quick question to distinguish you from evil spambots: 13 - 7 =


text:
Two people taken to hospital after BMW ends up in Haddiscoe ditch
Published: 9:55 AM November 14, 2017 Updated: 8:09 PM October 10, 2020
The A143 between Haddiscoe and St Olaves. Picture: James Bass - Credit: James Bass
Emergency services attended an incident in Haddiscoe after a car came off the road and ended up in a ditch.
Police were called at 7.10pm on Saturday (November 11) evening following a report of a single vehicle collision on the A143 Haddiscoe bends.
The East of England Ambulance Service sent an ambulance crew, two ambulance officers and an East Anglian Air Ambulance to the scene, whilst Norfolk Fire and Rescue Service sent one appliance from Gorleston.
Upon arrival, emergency services found that a silver BMW had come off the A143 and gone into a ditch, injuring the driver and passenger of the car.
Both patients were described as experiencing stomach pains; one was airlifted to Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital and the other was driven to James Paget University Hospital in Gorleston. Their injuries are not believed to be life-threatening.
The road was closed whilst emergency services attended the incident and reopened once the scene was safe.
10 'Beccles Mafia' reported to police for harassing elderly shoppers
Voyeur watched people after setting up secret cameras in bathroom
Christine Cunningham


Convenient journaling, whenever and wherever you need it.
The Falmouth is a stately and beautiful Field Notes journal cover that includes a built-in leather pen loop. Sturdy leather envelops any Field Notes journal. The cover includes both an external pen loop to keep your favorite writing utensil with you at all times, and an internal pocket for credit or business cards.
Available in a variety of Tasman Leather Group leathers and Maine Thread Co. waxed polycord colors.


Support your immunity and sinuses this winter with HERBreathe!
Formulated by a Naturopath, HERBreathe provides triple-action support for immunity and airways.
We've combined the leaves of Ribwort and Mullein, with the root of Echinacea to give a holistic, 1-A-day herbal formula.
HERBreathe is completely plant-based making it suitable for vegans.
Previous PostPrevious Mullein – A traditional herb for the lungs.


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