At no time in history has personal and corporate data been more widely targeted by criminals. With never-ending threats and compliance demands, it's vital for IT and employees to work together to create the most secure environment possible. When both sides are on the same page, an organization is at its strongest.
To help with the cause, we wanted to provide ZixCorp's "10 Commandments of Email Encryption" that highlight the responsibilities of both IT and employees to ensure data being transmitted from an organization is secure.
Unless your email encryption solution encrypts every single email sent by your employees, it's crucial to implement policies and offer employee training to prevent leakage of sensitive information.
Securing sensitive information in email isn't just a best practice — it's often the law. HIPAA, HITECH, GLBA, state data security laws and guidance from FFIEC agencies make it clear that protecting sensitive information is no longer optional. Make sure the solution you use leverages proven and up-to-date policy filters to catch any messages that might slip through the cracks.
Threats are constantly evolving and business should avoid getting trapped with a solution that is ill-equipped to handle modern threats. Instead of sticking with an outdated solution because it's convenient or familiar, choose one that can adequately protect the needs of your business.
Not all email encryption solutions are created equal. Often they compromise ease-of-use, security, or both. Choose a solution that makes secure email convenient for you, your senders and your receivers. Don't let the complexity and maintenance of a solution pose a barrier to getting work done effectively. When users have too many hoops to jump through, they may resort to insecure methods—putting your business at risk.
Business is no longer conducted behind a desk. Mobile phones have expanded the workplace and work hours, and more users spend time on email than any other internet-enabled activity. With increasing dependence on mobile devices, convenient mobile delivery of encrypted messages is a critical consideration for keeping business moving forward and keeping your customers and business partners happy.
Regular email isn't a private conversation and can be easily intercepted and read by unwanted parties. By law, companies are required to protect certain types of personal information, but more importantly, it is simply a smarter way to do business. In addition, email encryption increases efficiencies by allowing the electronic transfer of sensitive information that has traditionally required slower manual delivery methods. Email encryption is one way you can take responsibility to protect sensitive information.
When you are sending unsecure emails, make sure there is nothing included that should be encrypted, such as social security numbers, contracts, financial information, and personal health information. Even if your company has policy filters, it's still best to err on the safe side and to take responsibility for protecting sensitive data.
Again, if you aren't sure if an email needs to be encrypted, play it safe and encrypt! There is too much at stake to take a chance. Often the worst breaches and policy violations stem from human error — well-meaning employees who have no idea that they are putting patient records, credit card information and client identities at risk.
Whether you work for a healthcare company, law firm or financial services company, it is important to be aware of the type of regulatory compliance you need to adhere to. Even a basic understanding will help in the long run.
Email encryption can be confusing if you are not tech savvy. If you ever have questions or concerns about email encryption and compliance, it is your responsibility to ask. In the end, it is better to ask a question than to let an email slip through that contains sensitive information.
By adhering to these commandments, IT and employees will ensure the organization they work for is as secure and regulatory compliant as possible. Protecting customer and patient data is a team effort and requires complete buy-in and accountability.


Legal marketing is a beast… so much so that there are local, regional and national organizations specifically aligned to the legal marketing and technology marketplace. These organizations bring like-minded professionals together, providing atmospheres for networking, brainstorming and collaboration. For many, these gatherings are also a place to see the newest innovations and technology in legal marketing and business development (MBD) management.
There are various hurdles that can be prohibitive to technology in law firms; budgets, staffing, knowledge, and experience, for example. Some of these hurdles are out of our control; but for others, there are opportunities to build skills and present as qualified marketing technology thought-leaders. By taking advantage of these opportunities, professionals prepare themselves for tactile processes, and better understand how these technologies integrate with your industry as a whole.
So, how do MBD teams bring their technology wish list back to their firms for serious consideration?
A very helpful personal resource is having the knowledge and experience in your industry. To start building your clout, get involved in legal marketing organizations. While there are a variety of local communities and social groups, there are many national and regional options as well. The Legal Marketing Association (LMA), American Marketing Association (AMA) and the International Legal Technology Association (ILTA) are all great national organizations to become familiar with, as they offer regular discussions and seminars that speak directly to the work you do. Further your investment in these organizations by looking at presentation openings that highlight your expertise. These speaking roles not only validate your knowledge to your industry, but to your firms as you discuss advancement to technology and process. You will generally participate in these organizations through the approval of your firm, but staying involved in these organizations is up to you!
If 'the pitch' is what you're more concerned with, find organizations that help you with these development and delivery skills. Toast Masters, a national organization that builds public speaking skills, is a well-known organization to help conquer your public speaking fears. Confidence in your presentation can make a lasting impression, so it's important that the presentation is well constructed. Looking at the content directly, consider taking a business writing course. These can provide many strategies to tailor your message to make an impact. Effective business writing combined with powerful delivery skills are a very valuable asset to possess, and skills that you don't need firm or management approval to improve.
Being a thought leader is an important role to play in your organization, and successful implementation of the technologies you bring in will, in part, measure your leadership. As marketers, we are often lacking the IT skills needed for technical installations, but to be involved, (and have some say) in the implementation, it's so important to be an expert in your tools. MBDs will often know how the tool works better than IT does, and having that knowledge keeps you in the conversation… which is half the challenge!
Showing value beyond your department will also build your credibility as an expert. By finding ways your innovations will help others in the firm, you highlight the knowledge you have of firm processes as well as the needs of other departments. This goodwill can sometimes offset the price tag between different budgets.
Be prepared for the long-game. In the fast world of marketing, we often find the reverse in IT. Queues, tests, and more tests slow down technology, but that's a good thing! We want everything to work for the best user experience.
Marketing and business development professionals are in a unique position in law firms, connecting with every department and practice group, and even vendors and outside clients. Showing leadership in your field indicates to colleagues that you've invested in your professional development, and in the whole organization. This dedication does not often go unnoticed, and soon you'll be seen as an expert advisor for many firm technology initiatives.
Technology in Marketing and BD teams really does go beyond these departments. CRM, e-marketing, BD reporting… they all integrate into the success of the firm. Selling this integration takes skills, and supporting ongoing projects takes dedication, both of which are achievable with a little time and focused effort.
Drew Sammeth with be co-presenting with LexisNexis Account Manager Pam Tobias at the Philadelphia LMA gathering on July 19, speaking to the Empowerment of Marketing and Business Development with Technology, expanding on some of the concepts in this post. Hope to see you there!


People rarely make their name in one profession and then move into popular drama. But who now thinks of Coronation Street's Kym Marsh as an ex-member of the band Hear'Say, which won the TV show Popstars in 2001? Today, it's hard to think of a time when she wasn't Michelle Connor, and she continues to entertain us with a fine acting performance (even if her eye-liner makes it appear as if she's been run over by a small truck).
Likewise, Shayne Ward, winner of the second series of The X Factor in 2005. Last month, he received the National Television Award for Best Newcomer - and rightly so. He has effortlessly moved into the role of Aidan Connor as if he was always there; he's also the hottest totty to have graced the cobbles since... well, I can't remember. Whoever they were, I'm pretty sure they're all dead now (and not just their characters).
In contrast, I'd be hard pushed to name any newcomer to EastEnders who has made the same impact - although it's a fairly safe bet that their surname wouldn't be Carter. I'm just praying for a few of them to be carted off in six-foot boxes.
One can only wonder which hairdressing school awarded Audrey the diplomas on her wall. Labradoodles R Us? On the rare occasions she's not talking her clients into a coma, she's piling rollers onto their heads with the precision of a one-year-old with a Lego set. Yet she's a veritable Vidal Sassoon compared to David, who puts the wrong dye on Beth's hair, causing her to come out in a rash. Blaming it on food at the Bistro, she threatens to report Nick to Environmental Health. When the truth comes out, Audrey offers her a year of free haircuts. Blimey. What's the second prize? Free haircuts for life?
There's more excitement for Weatherfield's clueless police when Leanne reports Simon for breaking a boy's leg while playing football - adding, for good measure, a list of her own injuries. After he's taken to the station for questioning with Ken in tow, will a video confirm Simon's story that it was an accident, or will it show Leanne making out with Tom, the latest man to take a fancy to her? How does she manage to find so many single men? I wonder what baggage this one has. If I were him, I'd ask to see hers first - every last holdall. We're talking a Louis Vuitton warehouse of baggage.
Phelan is up to his old tricks, sabotaging the electrics at the Arches to delay the work. Anna must have really delivered the goods in that hotel room.
Oh, no, not again. How many variations of thugs beating people up can one show have? This time it's Jordan's turn as, returning to tell Denise to leave him alone (staying away might have worked better), he gets done over by some heavies but quickly discharges himself from hospital. Deciding to visit him, Denise is soon wondering if this was the right thing to do. When did she ever make a correct decision? Jordan is also confused upon seeing Ben and Abi together, but when Abi realises Ben's bought a present for Paul, she hatches a dastardly plan to keep her man. One question: who, in their right mind, would want to hold on to Ben?
It's an exciting week for Linda, who is hosting the East London Lady Publicans event (er, aren't there only two?). A dampener is put on the evening when Mick and Lee discover Buster is packing his bags to leave. Will they, or Shirley, be able to persuade him to stay? I'd imagine the presence of that trio alone would be enough incentive for him to get out of there pronto.
At least Stacey is still in hospital, which saves us having to listen to her wailing non-stop about King Herod (surely these scenes stand a chance of winning something at this year's British Comedy Awards). When Martin visits (left), he is surprised by her reaction at his not bringing Arthur and Lily, and decides upon a course of action. It's an exhausting struggle, though; oh for the days when selling two apples a day on the market stall was the height of hard work.
There's no such thing as a free lunch - metaphorically speaking - as Paddy is discovering with Tess (above). If only he'd stuck to what he's good at (killing animals, as far as I can see), he'd have been fine. But now Tess wants him to leave Rhona. That should be enough to send Rhona running back to those painkillers.
Elsewhere, Aaron is under pressure from Gordon, who wants him to tell the police he lied about the abuse. At least it's enough to make Robert look semi-human when Chas realises how much he cares about her son. Personally, I think Aaron needs an army of full-time carers.


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glocalmedia.it » Literature and Fiction » After You've Gone: A Novel
After You've Gone: A Novel epub
by Jeffrey Lent
Author: Jeffrey Lent
Category: Literature and Fiction
Subcategory: Genre Fiction
Publisher: Grove Press (December 29, 2009)
Other Formats: doc txt azw mbr
Jeffrey_Lent Genre_Fiction English
After You've Gone book.
After You've Gone book. Jeffrey Lent is still a great writer, but he just went through some mad-lib motions for this one. It felt like a rip-off of about 100 different things, most notably, a heterosexual spin on "A Single Man" meets the most depressing scenes from "The Shipping News" smushed together with the intolerable parts of "The End of the Affair.
Jeffrey Lent has taken that event and constructed a fictional character (that . This latest effort by Jeffrey Lent escapes traditional confines in the service of an innovative writing style.
Jeffrey Lent has taken that event and constructed a fictional character (that has his own story back story) - and put him in the center of the historical time and event. I found this book to be a page-turner, until the very end when I put off reading the events for the same reason you would close your eyes at a movie. I've never been a fan of westerns, nor have I ever read one, but make no mistake that this is an "eastern".
Электронная книга "After You've Gone: A Novel", Jeffrey Lent. Эту книгу можно прочитать в Google Play Книгах на компьютере, а также на устройствах Android и iOS. Выделяйте текст, добавляйте закладки и делайте заметки, скачав книгу "After You've Gone: A Novel" для чтения в офлайн-режиме.
com User, June 24, 2010. can't say enough about the books of this author. Have read all of them and have never been disappointed. He spins a good yarn that resounds in your mind long after completion.
After You've Gone in paperback, it is a moving, sublime love story set in the cataclysmic decades around the turn of the twentieth century. com User, June 24, 2010. Wonderful depth of character.
Jeffrey Lent has a different style of writing that not everyone will appreciate. I did what I very seldom do after finishing a book. I went back to re-read scenes of especially well-done dialogue, because they are some of the great charms of this charming book. I found it harder to read because many of his sentences run on. In my case, that forced me to slow down as I read and not skim. We sink neck-deep into Hewitt's psyche, and watch him take his painful steps toward a more balanced emotional outlook. Mr. Lent grants his hero the capacity to give and also gives him the knack of communicating, through a forthright and laconic way - almost a shorthand - that captivates.
You've probably got a few minutes. We're going to move you onto a spinal board, okay? You may be a bit uncomfortable for a minute, but I'm going to give you some morphine to make the pain a bit easier. I make to leave, but something stops me. The man is staring at me, his eyes two tight little buttons of anxiety. The man's voice is calm, level, as if it were the most normal thing in the world to be lying broken on concrete, staring up at the dark sky. I want to laugh.
After You is a romance novel written by Jojo Moyes, a sequel to Me Before You. The book was first published on 29 September 2015 in the United Kingdom. A second sequel, Still Me, was published in January 2018
After You is a romance novel written by Jojo Moyes, a sequel to Me Before You. A second sequel, Still Me, was published in January 2018. It continues the story of Louisa Clark after Will's death
His other novels are Lost Nation, A Peculiar Grace, After You've Gone .
His other novels are Lost Nation, A Peculiar Grace, After You've Gone, and A Slant of Light that was a finalist for the New England Book Award, as well as a Washington Post Best Book of 2015. His most recent book, Before You Sleep, came out in 2017. Lent lives with his wife and two daughters in central Vermont. Jeffrey Lent was born in Vermont and grew up there and in western New York State, on dairy farms. He studied literature and psychology at Franconia College in New Hampshire and SUNY Purchase.
After You've Gone in paperback, it is a moving, sublime love story set in the cataclysmic decades around the turn of the twentieth century. Henry Dorn has spent years building a family, but it only takes a single afternoon for it to fall apart. Abruptly widowed of the love of his life, Henry buys a steamer ticket for Amsterdam, the city of his heritage, hoping to start life anew. But nothing could have prepared him for the woman he meets on the ship: the fiery, self-sufficient Lydia Pearce, one of a new generation of women. Before long the two have fallen into an affair of a depth and significance for which neither was prepared. But the memory of his wife and the vexed relationship he had with their son haunt Henry in the midst of his new beginning. Jeffrey Lent is one of our finest novelists, and After You've Gone delivers a tale that beautifully charts the sweep of a life, the grim reach of a war, and the discovery—and loss—of life-defining love
Someone once said that Cormac McCarthy could write instructions on how to operate a microwave and it would be a good read. I think the same thing can be said of Jeffrey Lent. Each of his novels have been so different that I think it is impossible to compare them, one to another. In this novel a man who has lead a fairly normal life with a successful career and grown children is faced with a sudden terrible accident and finds himself alone. Lent takes the reader back through parts of the characters childhood, his marriage, his failure to come to terms with his sons addiction, and sets him on a course of refinding himself. I thought the best phrase of the whole book was "how alone a person lives", this somehow makes the reader identify with that phrase. The ending while unexpected was, to me, the only way it could have ended, perhaps giving hope that there is grace in each decision we make along the way.
Dolid
I read, "In the Fall" and then, "Lost Nation," and since I loved them both - I've been inspired to snatch up any book by Jeffrey Lent. After You've Gone is a different kind of story than I'd usually be drawn to. I was reminded of Gilead, by Marilynne Robinson (an older male narrator looking back at his life, his love, his family) . Although, somewhat subdued, I was quite swept up by the story, and the authentic characters that are revealed to you slowly, until the final climactic scene that crashes with an unexpected ending. Can't wait to read the next offering by this author. Each novel has been vastly different, and continues to stick with me.
I enjoyed this novel a great deal, except for the ending, which i found disappointing. Lent tells a story that is fundamentally about loss and the attempt to find redemption. The protagonist, Henry Dorn, is sympathetic and believable, and the other characters, major and minor, are memorable and contribute to the story arc as well as the theme. Lent's habit of writing in sentence fragments is sometimes distracting, but I enjoy his writing enough to accept that. This book jumps around chronologically, which to me seems to reflect Henry's mental state very well. The ending let me down, but after all, it is Lent's story to tell. I recommend this book.
EROROHALO
Entertaining book and well written. I thought the ending was too abrupt which left me feeling upset. It was worth reading until the end
A terrific study of one man's life, family, and coping through decades. Definitely a must-read for those who enjoy excellent writing style and a deep story.
Mogelv
I really enjoyed this book and was sorry when it was finished. The people seemed real and I cared about them.
Nirad
I believe that I have now read all of Jeffrey Lents novels, well four of them. In The Fall was one of the best books I have evwer read..lokking forward to a mew book by Jeffrey Lent.. After You've Gone is the book I am now revewing
This was a disppointing read after some of Jeffrey Lent's other books. A so-so read.
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Long Description Screen favorite Kurt Russell (VANILLA SKY, STARGATE) teams up with funnyman Martin Short (FATHER OF THE BRIDE I&II, JUNGLE2JUNGLE) in an outrageously wild comedy that's sure to drive you overboard! Russell plays hilariously laid-back Captain Ron -- a vagabond seaman who charts a course for comedy when he skippers the newly inherited Caribbean yacht of corporate executive Martin Harvey (Short) and his family! With his dubious nautical skills, Captain Ron takes the helm and creates wave after wave of hilarity as he leads the Harveys on a wildly amusing oceanic voyage in their dilapidated sailing vessel, all the while driving well-meaning Martin Harvey off the deep end!


Various activities are indispensable for over all development of a child. Here at Highfields International School abundant opportunity is given for co-curricular activities and sports. The staff offers training in variety of disciplines to develop the student's cultural and aesthetic sensitivity. Skating, basket ball, football, tens, chess, caroms are conducted regularly in the campus.


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You are here: Home > Staff Profiles > Wulf Livingston
Wulf Livingston
Reader in Social Science
Room: B45
w.livingston@glyndwr.ac.uk
Wulf joined the team as Senior Lecturer in September 2010 and as of August 2018 is Reader in Social Science. Prior to this, he taught on a part-time basis on the diploma, and then degree, in social work at Bangor University.
Wulf has also spent the last 25 years working in a range of community social work settings, both voluntary and statutory, working predominantly in the field of alcohol and drugs. His last post, prior to joining Glyndŵr University, was as Area Manager with Wales Probation.
Additionally he is a director of several charities and active within the North Wales recovery movement. He is chair of the BASW Alcohol and Other Drugs Special Interest Group and chair of the New Directions in Study of Alcohol Group.
Wulf remains a registered social worker with Social Care Wales; number W/1002539. He is chair of the British Association of Social workers [BASW] Alcohol and Other Drugs Special Interest Group. He contuse to provide support to North Wales recovery groups and in particular North Wales Recovery Community {Penrhyn House}.
Phd, MA, DIpSw, BA (hons)
Continuing Professional Education and Learning (CPEL -post qualifying social work): modules in Mental Health and Well-Being, Professional Leadership and Analysis for Research.
MA in Criminology: SOC719 Modern discourses in policy and practice for working with experiences of alcohol and other drugs
BA Social Work: SWK603 Responsible and Accountable Professionalism – Developing Practitioner 3
Journal articles (published)
Rees, J.; de Villiers, T.; Livingston, W.; Maegusuku-Hewett, T and Prysor, G. (2018) A new distance learning national framework for social work continuing education: critical reflections on the first phases of implementation, Social Work Education, DOI: 10.1080/02615479.2018.1479383
Livingston, W and Perkins, A. (2018) Participatory Action Research (PAR) Research – Critical methodological considerations. Drugs and Alcohol Today 18(1):61-71.
Livingston, W. (2017) Learning about Alcohol: Personal Experiences Taken into Social Work Practice, Practice, 29(1) 3-18.
Davies, N. Livingston, W. Huxley, P. and Owen, E (2016) Social Care Legislation as an Act of Integration, Journal of Integrated Care 24(3); 139-149.
Galvani, S. Livingston, W. Morgan, H and Wadd, S. (2016) The relationship between sight loss and substance use: users' perspectives Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy. 23(6) 476-483.
Livingston, W and Thompson N (2016) Promoting well-being: Crisis, loss and alcohol Illness, Crisis & Loss http://icl.sagepub.com/content/early/2016/09/20/1054137316668640.full.pdf+html
Thompson, N and Livingston W (2016) Promoting Well-being Illness, Crisis & Loss, 26(2) 98-110.
Loughran, H. and Livingston, W. (2014) Editorial Social Work Education: The International Journal Vol. 33, No. 5, 555–556.
Livingston, W (2014) Towards a comprehensive typology of knowledge for social work and alcohol. Social Work Education: The International Journal, 33(6) pp. 774-787.
Biskin, S. Barcroft, V. Livingston, W. and Snape, S (2013). .Exploring service user and care involvement on a social work degree programme' Social Work Education: The International Journal, 32(3), pp.301-316.
Livingston, W. (2012) 'Reflections on abstinence from a controlled drinker' Journal of New Directions in the Study of Alcohol 35, pp. 37-47.
Livingston, W. Baker, M. Atkins, B and Jobber, S. (2011) 'A tale of the spontaneous emergence of a recovery group and the characteristics that are making it thrive: Exploring the politics and knowledge of recovery' The Journal of Groups in Addiction and Recovery 6(1), pp. 176-196.
Best, D. Groshkova, T. McCartney, D. Bamber, S. and Livingston, W. (2009) 'The politics of hope', Druglink 24(6), pp. 20-21.
Livingston, W. (2009) 'Making sense of the mess in my head', Journal of New Directions in the Study of Alcohol. 33 pp. 56-70.
Loughran, H and Livingston, W. (ed) (2015) Alcohol and other drug use in social work education and training: Preparing for and supporting practice London, Taylor and Francis
Livingston, W. (2017) Death, Grief and Bereavement: Relationships with Alcohol and Other Drug Use, in Thompson, N. and Cox, G. R. (eds) (2017) Handbook of the Sociology of Death, Grief and Bereavement: A Guide to Theory and Practice, New York, Routledge, pp. 224-236.
Livingston, W (2015) Towards a comprehensive typology of knowledge for social work and alcohol. In Loughran, H and Livingston, W. (ed) (2015) Alcohol and other drug use in social work education and training: Preparing for and supporting practice London, Taylor and Francis PP-81-94.
Livingston, W. and Galvani, S (2014) Using evidence to inform working with people who misuse substances in Webber, M. (2014) Applying Research Evidence in Social Work Practice Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan PP 156-169.
Livingston, W. (2013) Social work practice, alcohol and other drug problems, (chapter 4.09) in Davies, M. (2013) The Blackwell companion to social work 4th edn. Wiley. P291-297
Livingston, W. Baker, M. Atkins, B and Jobber, S. (2012) 'A tale of the spontaneous emergence of a recovery group and the characteristics that are making it thrive: Exploring the politics and knowledge of recovery' in Roth, J. and Best, D. (2012) (eds) Addiction and Recovery in the UK, London, Routledge.
Research Published
Perkins, A., Livingston, W., Gardiner, K., Turton, P and Turnbull, J (2018) North Wales Open Access Tier 2 Substance Misuse review report prepared for North Wales Area Planning Board. (Published 20/09/2018 – available on request)
Livingston, W., Perkins, A., McCarthy, T., Madoc-Jones, I., Wighton, S., Wilson, F. & Nicholas, D. (2018). Review of Working Together to Reduce Harm: Final Report. Cardiff: Welsh Government GSR report number 21/2018. Available at: http://gov.wales/statistics-and-research/review-working-together-reduce-harm/?lang=en
Livingston, W.; Davies, N.; Huxley, P; and Owen, E. (2015) Integration in North Wales: Localised responses to national agendas, Glyndwr University, Wrexham (funded by Flintshire Local Authority on behalf of the six North Wales Local Authorities and Betsi Caldwalader Univeristy Health Board) http://www.ssiacymru.org.uk/home.php?page_id=2482 (published 17/08/2015)
Galvani, S. Livingston, W. Morgan, H and Wadd, S. (2014) Alcohol, other drugs and sight loss: a Scoping study http://alcoholresearchuk.org/alcohol-insights/alcohol-other-drugs-and-sight-loss-a-scoping-study/ (funded by Thomas Pocklington Trust and Alcohol Research UK)
Roscoe, K. Livingston, W. and Carson, A. (2012) Local Evaluation of Intensive Family Support Services – Wrexham (Commissioned by Wrexham Local Authority).
Hughes, S. Livingston, W. Lyon, E and Owen, E. (2008) "An Initial Profile Analysis of Probation Clients who have received Secondary Screening for Alcohol. A report produced for National Offender Management Service -Alcohol Best Practice series. cited in NOMS Alcohol Interventions Guidance - http://www.alcoholpolicy.net/2010/02/noms-alcohol-interventions-guidance-.html
Livingston, W. (2013) 'Not from a book' - The acquisition of knowledge and its use in practice by social workers, with particular regard to alcohol.- Bangor University awarded 12-06-2013
Livingston, W (2017) Working with adults who use alcohol and other drugs. Research. Community Care Inform [online] http://adults.ccinform.co.uk/research/working-adults-use-alcohol-drugs [Updated 7-3-2017, first published 26/08/14]
Livingston, W (2017) Routes of entry to social work education and the profession. Glyndwr University, Wrexham (Paper available) DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.20809.75366
Akhtar, F and Livingston, W (2016) Social work beyond borders? : Do 15 years of devolution mean SWexit for social work as a unified profession in the UK, and a weakened position in the global work force? Professional Social Work October
Livingston, W (2016) Working with adults and alcohol use. Guides. Community Care Inform [online] http://adults.ccinform.co.uk/practice-guidance/working-adults-alcohol-use/ [Updated 15-1-2016 first published 29/10/2014]
Galvani, S. Livingston, W and Morgan, H. (2015) Substance use and sight loss; A guide for substance use and sight loss professionals -Pocklington for Professionals number 2. London, Thomas Pocklington Trust
Livingston, W (2015) Not from a book – social workers' understanding of alcohol paper for KBS 41st Alcohol Symposium Munich June 2015
Galvani, S. Livingston, W and McCarthy T (2012) Pocket Guides for Social Workers- Final Project Report Birmingham: British Association of Social Workers
Galvani, S. and Livingston, W. (2012) Younger people and alcohol. A BASW Pocket Guide. Birmingham: British Association of Social Workers.
Galvani, S. and Livingston, W. (2012) Mental health and substance use. A BASW Pocket Guide. Birmingham: British Association of Social Workers
Galvani, S. and Livingston, W. (2012) Iechyd Meddwl a Defnyddio Sylweddaua Gwybodaeth Hanfodol I Weithwyr Cymdeithasol. Llawlyfr BASW. Birmingham: British Association of Social Workers.
Galvani, S. and Livingston, W. (2012) Pobl Ifanc ac Alcohol. Gwybodaeth Hanfodol I Weithwyr Cymdeithasol. Llawlyfr BASW. Birmingham: British Association of Social Workers.
Livingston, W. and Galvani, S. (2012) Older people and alcohol. A BASW Pocket Guide. Birmingham; British Association of Social Workers.
Livingston, W. and Galvani, S. (2012) Alcohol a Phobl Hŷn – Gwybodaeth Hanfodol i Weithwyr Cymdeithasol. Llawlyfr BASW. Birmingham; British Association of Social Workers.
Book Chapter (in print)
Livingston, W. (2019) Alcohol and Drug Use: from Dual Diagnosis to Well-being – book chapter in Choeng Poen AW and Ow, R (due for publication 2019) Social Work and Mental Health - Springer
In development/unpublished
Livingston, W Galvani, S. Morgan, H and Wadd S (2016) Seeing the alcohol and drug use in visual impairment treatment
Co-Editor Practice Social Work in Action -Nov 2017-on going
Guest Editor with Prof. Neil Thompson – Special Edition of Illness Crisis and Loss: – Publication 2019
Guest Editor with Dr. Hilda Loghram – Special Edition of Social Work Education: The International Journal – 2014 -Vol. 33, No. 5.
Critical Reader (peer review – conference submissions, journal articles, research applications)
Addiction Research and Theory 2012 on going
British Journal of Social Work 2014 on going
Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 2017 on going
Drugs and Alcohol Today 2017 on going
Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy 2014 on going
European Journal of Social Work 2017 on going
Journal of Social Work 2017 on going
Practice: Social Work in Action 2013 on going
Social Work Education 2012 on going
The Journal of Groups in Addiction and Recovery 2011 Special Edition
Joint World Conference on Social Work, Education and Social Development 2018 Abstract submissions
Wales School for Social Care Research Social Care PhD Studentship Selection 2018
Research Project Advisory Board – work
McSweeney, T. Webster, R. Turnbull, J. and Duffy, M. (2009) Evidence-based practice? The National Probation Service's work with alcohol-misusing offenders Ministry of Justice Research Series 13/09: London
Galvani, S.; Dance, C, and Hutchinson, (2013) A. Building capacity and bridging the gap: Alcohol and drugs in social care practice, education and employment-based training March 2012-.July 2013. (Alcohol Research UK funded project)
Conference Presentations (selected)
Livingston. W. (2018) Introduction to working with alcohol use and related experiences. Community Care Live 24th April Manchester.
Livingston. W. (2017) It's not rocket science - effective interventions with adults who use alcohol & other drugs: Keynote address Hertfordshire ACS Festival of Practice 30th October Hemel Hempstead/Stevenage.
Livingston. W. (2017) Introduction to working with alcohol use and related experiences. Community Care Live 27th September London.
Livingston. W. (2017) Alcohol and Older People: key considerations for social workers. Community Care Live 27th September London
Livingston, W. (2017) Developing a single national (all Wales) programme for post qualifying education for social workers: the use of on line technologies in integrated circular development. JISC Connect More 2017 July 4 Glyndwr University
Livingston, W (2017) Participatory Action Research (PAR) Research: Considerations for a qualitative methodological approach. Kettil Bruun Society: Symposium Paper– (Sheffield) June 5-9th (Paper available).
Livingston, W (2017) Analysing the contribution of policy and provision to outcomes Public Health Wales Network Seminar: Behavioural Change and Addictive Behaviours. May 4th Bangor University.
Livingston W. (2016) Responding to Orford: Diverse methodological aspirations ARUK Early Researcher Symposium, March 15th Birmingham http://www.fead.org.uk/video/dr-wulf-livingston-responding-to-orford-diverse-methodological-aspirations/
Livingston, W. (2015) The bibliographical narrative – as data collection tool for non-life story focused enquiries 5th International Conference on Sociology and Social Work August 25-26 Chester University
Livingston, W (2015) Not from a book – social workers' understanding of alcohol KBS 41st Alcohol Symposium Munich June 2-5th 2015 (Paper available)
Galvani, S. Morgan, H, Livingston, W and Wadd, S (2014) Cause or consequence: alcohol, drugs and sight loss among older people, British Society of Gerontology Annual conference September Southampton.
Livingston, W (2014) Mental Health and Well Being presented at Care Council foe Wales Getting in on the Act Conference November, Cardiff.
Morgan, H. Galvani, S. Wadd, S and Livingston. W (2014) Cause or consequence: alcohol, drugs and sight loss among older people. Disabilities Studies Conference
September 11, Lancaster University
Livingston, W. (2014) Extending Horizons - Implications and Opportunities for Research (of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014) Bangor University, July 04.
Livingston, W (2014) 'CPEL – reflections on the journey so far' BASW Cymru Annual Conference, Llandrindod Wells, June 18
Galavni, S. Livingston, W. Morgan, S and Wadd, S. (2013) Alcohol and sight loss: preliminary findings 'Drinking Dilemmas: Space, Culture and Identity' Alcohol Study Group conference of the British Sociological Association December, Cardiff University.
Livingston, W. (2013) 'Disillusioned Opportunists' -Trajectories into Social Work, WISERD 2013 Conference, University of South Wales –Glamorgan Conference Centre 25-26 June.
Livingston, W (2013) Building relationships to strengthen networks – the evidence for moving away from a deficit-based and problem-focused approach to child protection work with alcohol and drugs, Conwy and Denbighshire Local Children Safeguarding Board Annual Conference Optic, St Asaph March 15th.
Livingston, W. (2012) Not from a book: social workers acquisition of knowledge about alcohol, in The New Directions in the Study of Alcohol annual conference: Motivational interviewing: 21 years of experience and the future for motivational interviewing, Llandrindod Wells, Wales, 24-27 May 2012, The New Directions in the Study of Alcohol Group.
Livingston, W. (2011) "Not from a book – social workers acquisition of knowledge about alcohol" Building Networks for Addiction Studies e – conference coordinated by Oxford Brookes University and the Society for Addiction Studies 11th-15th July
Livingston, W. (2011) Not from a book: Tales of everyday drinking by social workers in the 5th International Narrative Practitioners Conference: Bringing theory and practice together, Wrexham Wales, 21 June 2011, Wrexham, Glyndwr University.
Livingston, W. (2011) "Emperors New Clothes – reflections on recovery from North Wales" at the All Wales Service Users Forum Annual conference, organised in conjunction with Welsh Assembly Government, Cardiff 24th June
Livingston, W. (2011) "Did we really give up on abstinence? Have we in NDSAG made abstentions second class citizens?" The New Directions in the Study of Alcohol Group annual conference – University of Lancaster. 14th-17th April
Livingston, W. (2010) Supervising social workers in alcohol and other drug work, in British Association of Social Work, Special Interest Group Conference: Social work and substance misuse: Evidence-based practice, London, England, 23 September 2010. Birmingham, British Association of Social Workers.
Livingston, W. (2010) The acquisition of knowledge about social workers and its use in practice, in 5th One Day Symposium for PhD students researching substance misuse 19 July 2010, Oxford, Society for Study of Addictions/Oxford Brookes University.
Livingston, W. (2009) "A social work and social workers perspective ".Reducing risk to young women – cause and effect - Women finding solutions to binge drinking YWCA Conference – London 21st October
Livingston, W. (2009) "All the bad drunks giving the good drunks a bad name". Prisons and Beyond Conference – Leeds 8th-9th October
Livingston, W. (2009) "I only hit her coz of the booze". Prisons and Beyond Conference – Leeds 8th-9th October.
Livingston, W. (2009) "Working with people beyond Methadone. Drug and alcohol a social work issue?" British Association of Social Work – Special Interest Group Conference – London 21st May
Livingston, W. (2008) "Square pegs and round holes. Screening for drinkers in the Probation context" NOMS Alcohol Best Practice Conference – London. November
Livingston, W. (2008) "Making sense of the mess in my head". The New Directions in the Study of Alcohol Group annual conference – Salisbury. 24th-27th April
Livingston, W. (2007) "Square pegs and round holes, alcohol targeting, provision and probation" Where does the ATR fit in?" Criminal Justice and Substance Misuse Conference – Conference Consortium –Warwick 17th-18th July
Staff Conferences/Research Forums
Livingston, W. (2018) Ticking boxes or making an impact: Applied Research in Practice Springboard 2018 Glyndwr University.
Livingston, W. (2018) Participatory Action Research (PAR) Research – Critical methodological considerations. Open House for Researchers 2015 Glyndwr University
Livingston, W. (2017) Lessons learnt about partnership working and delivering on-line programmes. Engage 2017 Glyndwr University
Livingston, W. (2017) Activities to support publication. Considerations beyond writing. Engage 2017 Glyndwr University.
Livingston, W. (2015) Small fishes in oceanic competition; developing research networks. Open House for Researchers 2015 Glyndwr University.
Livingston, W. (2018) Group Work Research, Garvin, C, D; , Tolman, R, M; MacGowan, M, J. Oxford University Press. Journal of Social Work 18(1):112-113.
Livingston W. (2017). An introduction to: Using theory in social work practice Forte, J.A. London. Routledge. Journal of Social Work 17(3) 381-382.
Livingston W (2016) Working with substance users Allan, G. Journal of Social Work 16(5),631-632.
Livingston, W. (2015) Capital punishment in 20th century Britain: Audience, Justice Memory Seal L Euro Vista Probation and Community Justice 4:1
Livingston, W. (2015) Environmental change and sustainable social development; Social work: social development volume II Hessle, S. Journal of Social Work 15(5): 559-560.
Livingston, W. (2014) Justice in transition: community restorative justice in Northern Ireland. Erikisson A Euro Vista Probation and Community Justice 3(2), pp. 110-111.
Livingston, W. (2014) Green Social Work – from environmental crisis to environmental justice. Dominelli L Journal of Social Work 14(2) pp 214-215
Livingston, W. (2014) 'Motivational Interviewing Step by Step – 4 DVD Box Set -Institutional/Instructors Version' Pyschotherapynet (with Cathy Cole and Ali Miller). Journal of Social Work 14(1) pp.100-101.
Livingston, W. (2013) 'Living with Drugs (7th Edition)' Michael Gossop, British Journal of Social Work 43(5) pp1045-1046.
Livingston, W. (2012) 'Group Work with Populations at Risk' Greif, G. L. and Ephross, P. H.(eds) Journal of Social Work 12(5) pp. 563-564.
Livingston, W. (2012) 'A community based approach to the reduction of sexual offending: Circles of support and accountability'. Hanvey, S., Philpot, T. and Wilson, C. Euro Vista Probation and Community Justice 2(2), pp. 113-114.
Livingston, W. (2012) 'Social Work and Drug Use, Paylor, I., Measham, F. and Asher, H.', British Journal of Social Work 42(7) pp.142-1423
Livingston, W. (2012). 'Motivational interviewing: building motivational interviewing skills: a practitioner workbook , Rosengren,David, B.. Journal of Social Work 12(2), pp. 218-219.
Livingston, W. (2011) 'Rape challenging contemporary thinking – Horvarth M and Brown J' Euro Vista Probation and Community Justice 3(1) pp. 177-179
Livingston, W. (2011) 'Understanding drug misuse: models of care and control. Keene, J.' British Journal of Social Work 41(3), pp. 595-597
Livingston, W. (2010) 'Social Work Theories and Methods M. Gray and S. A. Webb (eds)' Journal of Social Work 10(4), pp. 437-438..
Livingston, W. (2009) 'Scrabbling for social work integration', Journal of Social Work 9(2), pp. 243-244.
Livingston, W. (2008) 'Prescribing practice for smokers', Addiction Research & Theory,16(5), pp. 537-8.
Livingston, W. (2005) 'As one psychiatrist said to another', Addiction Research & Theory,11(1), pp. 93-94.
Livingston, W. (2003), 'Smack and grab' Addiction Research & Theory,11(4), pp. 285-6.
Book Reviews (submitted)
Livingston (2017) Naar. S and Safren, A. S. (2017) Motivational Interviewing and CBT; Combing Strategies for Maximum Effectiveness. New York Guildford Press (Journal of Social Work submitted Dec 2017)
Livingston (2017) Bryant L (eds) Critical and Creative Research Methodologies in Social Work (Journal of Social WorkSubmitted Nov 2017)
Livingston (2017) Mckinnon J and Alston M – Ecological Social Work (Journal of Social Work, Submitted June 2017)
Social work Knowledge acquisition
Participant Action Research
Service User Involvement
April 2019 -Nov 2023 Principal Investigator, Research Member and Consultant across three contracts with Welsh Government for Evaluation of Minimum Pricing for Alcohol. (i) Lot 1 Contribution Analysis of Policy award to Glyndwr, (ii) Lot 3 Harmful Drinkers study award to Figure 8 Consultancy and (iii) Lot 4 General Population Study award to University of South Wales.
Nov 2018 -May 2019 Research Team Member – Switching Substances; pre implementation of minimum pricing for alcohol study - Contract awarded to Figure8Consultancy. Funders Welsh Government.
April 2017 –April 2021 Research Team Member (Lead Researcher 1 out of 4 Work Packages) Evaluating the impact of minimum unit pricing in Scotland on harmful drinkers (Lead Partner – University of Sheffield) Funders Health Scotland
2017-2021 Understanding the active ingredients of sustained recovery in rural and remote settings – through the development of Peer Researchers – Argyll and Bute bid awarded to Figure 8 Consultancy (Wulf Livingston -Research Consultant) –


text:
Dillion Zrike
Boys Team Optional Director
Dillon Zrike started training gymnastics late at the age of 15 but he quickly realized it was the right sport for him. At 16 Dillon started coaching recreational classes at his gym to help his parents pay for his training. He coached there for the next 5 years working his way up to coach boys team. Due to school Dillon was forced to give up his coaching job but soon found work personal training at a physical therapy studio. He learned as much as he could from the lead physical therapist in order to one day apply it to coaching gymnastics. At 22 Dillon decided to join the Navy and attempt to go through the BUDs pipeline to become a Navy SEAL. While trying to earn his BUDs contract Dillon came to North Valley Gymnastics and coached boys team with Travis Rainer. He coached at NVG for a season before earning his contract and going to BUDs. Dillon didn't make it through BUDs but he completed 4 years in the Navy and has come back to NVG where he is now the Boys Optional Director.
dzrike@gmail.com


With his masculine-meets-feminine aesthetic, this designer is experiencing a resurgence after 20 years in the business.
Alessandro Dell'Acqua is the creative director of Parisian luxury house Rochas and the founder of contemporary line No. 21. Educated at the Academy of Fine Arts in Naples, Dell'Acqua launched his eponymous label's first collection in Milan in 1996, entitled "Punk on a Mediterranean Woman." The label, known for its refined eveningwear and cocktail dresses inspired by Italian cinema, also expanded into menswear and fragrance, earning celebrity clients including Winona Ryder, Gwyneth Paltrow and supermodel Iman along the way.
In 2009, the designer departed his label, issuing a letter to the press which stated that Cherry Grove, the company that produced and distributed his label, had not allowed him to check the quality of the product. "In order to protect the other licensees of the brand, I have to detach myself from these two collections that have not been approved by me and that I don't acknowledge as realisation of my creations," it read.
In May 2010, he joined Brioni as creative director of the house's womenswear line, which was shuttered the following year. Also in 2010, Dell'Acqua launched No 21, a new contemporary womenswear line named after his birthdate and lucky number, which has since launched menswear and opened stores in Milan and Tokyo. Alongside his own brand, Dell'Acqua has been creative director at Paris maison Rochas since 2013.


text:
ESNA Players
ESNA Players' Jesus Christ Superstar at Loughborough reviewed
Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice's 1970's rock opera follows Jesus Christ's final journey into Jerusalem to his crucifixion as told through Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed him and who ultimately took his own life.
Lynette Watson
Local group ESNA celebrated 50 years of shows with a special concert at Loughborough Town Hall in 2015. Picture by Mike Speight.
ONCE again ESNA have proved to be master of the musicals with their latest five-star 'superstudded' production of the global phenomenon Jesus Christ Superstar at Loughborough Town Hall.
Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice's 1970's rock opera follows Jesus Christ's final journey into Jerusalem to his crucifixion as told through Judas Iscariot, the disciple who betrayed him and who ultimately took his own life. The show depends on its sound and spot-on distinctive earthy score and ESNA delivered the perfect package!
Audience expectations were raised when greeted by the minimalistic set of two angled metal staircases that disguised numerous openings which the cast of 39 slid stealthily and effortlessly through clad in a variety of eclectic costumes and was mesmerising to watch especially in the scenes that were complemented by tremendous backdrop projections, visually excellent.
From the superb opening scene to the final poignant tear-jerking finale, the vocal stamina was faultless from principals to ensemble and Ashley Bright as Judas proved he could veer between outrage and rage and be effectively emotive as his conscience forced him to take his own life. Mary Magdalene was brought to life by Natasha Bryan as she convincingly put her stamp on the much misunderstood biblical character and the iconic 'I Don't Know How to Love Him' song was delicately structured.
Every number in the show is excellently supported by the hardworking ensemble and the two highlights for me were the Lepers sequence with the harassment of Jesus and in contrast Herod's song portrayed with obvious enjoyment by Benjamin Hardy. Phil Burrows was deliciously creepy as Annas and Jonathon Penton's deep and I mean to the very depths, vocal delivery as Caiaphas was mind blowing!
But the show belongs to Darryl Clarke whose performance as Jesus displayed terrific power for the whole duration of the show, his voice strong and rich instantly venturing into the almost ethereal and at times, unnerving but exhibiting his totally unbelievable range.
He effectively stripped off the 'halo' image of Jesus to portray the real man struggling to cope and I defy anyone not to be moved by the final heart-breaking Crucifixion scene. Much deserved credit to all involved in this spectacular production including Jon Orton's band, Judith Moulton for her brilliant atmospheric lighting design and the entire backstage crew.
Great stuff ESNA... you are all Superstars!
Loughborough Town Hall
LeicestershireTake a drive on the wild side at Twycross ZooThe attraction, which will be open all year round, is aimed at children aged three to seven years old.
New public artwork planned at Loughborough University
The work will be located at the main entrance route to the halls and will be seen by thousands of students and visitors as they navigate this route.
Musicians galore lined up for Summer Sundown
The much-loved event with music from local bands and entertainers is perfect for families to sit and enjoy during the warm summer evenings.
Film featuring pupils scoops county award
The Unquiet Grave, a short drama produced and directed by Pudding Bag Productions, was based on Roesia de Verdun.


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Festival Records and Warner Music Australia has announced the October 30 release of a new and significantly different edition of the ground-breaking 2000 compilation Buried Country: The Story of Aboriginal Country Music, which was originally released in conjunction with a book and documentary of the same name.
All formats were the work of author Clinton Walker, who has created this new edition – Buried Country 1.5 – to accompany the new edition of his book. Hailed on publication as a work that "traces new pathways into the songlines of a hidden and resonant Australian musical history" (The Age), Buried Country has had a substantial cultural impact over the years, and will continue to do so with this new release and new developments in the new year.
Buried Country 1.5 features the key artists from the original 2CD set on the first disc together with a CD's worth of more recent artists. It includes Archie Roach, Warumpi Band, Dan Sultan, Troy Cassar-Daley, Kev Carmody, Thelma Plum, Vic Simms, Jimmy Little, Ruby Hunter, the Painted Ladies (with guest vocalists Paul Kelly and Ed Kuepper and others), as well as new liner notes by Clinton Walker and some new images.


text:
Puneet Varma
I am a dreamer who dreams of a world full of good people helping eachother
1938 New England hurricane
Formed September 9, 1938
Fatalities 682 to 800 direct
Start date September 1938
Dissipated September 23, 1938
Highest winds 257 km/h
Lowest pressure < 940 mbar (hPa); 27.76 inHg
Damage $306 million (1938 USD)
Areas affected Southeastern United States, Northeastern United States (particularly Connecticut, New York, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts), southwestern Quebec
Date 9 September 1938 – 23 September 1938
Affected areas Massachusetts, Northeastern United States
Similar Hurricane Carol, Great Hurricane of 1780, Hurricane Bob, Hurricane Gloria, Hurricane Donna
The 1938 New England Hurricane (also referred to as the Great New England Hurricane and Long Island Express) was one of the deadliest and most destructive tropical cyclones to impact New England. The storm formed near the coast of Africa on September 9, becoming a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale before making landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on Long Island on September 21. The hurricane was estimated to have killed 682 people, damaged or destroyed over 57,000 homes, and caused property losses estimated at US$306 million ($4.7 billion in 2017). Even as late as 1951, damaged trees and buildings were still seen in the affected areas. It remains the most powerful and deadliest hurricane in recent New England history, eclipsed in landfall intensity perhaps only by the Great Colonial Hurricane of 1635. It was only the third hurricane to strike New England since 1635.
Meteorological history
Forecasting the storm
New York City and western Long Island
Eastern Long Island
The storm was first analyzed by ship data south of the Cape Verde Islands on September 9. Over the next ten days, it steadily gathered strength and slowly tracked to the west-northwest. By September 20, while centered east of the Bahamas, the hurricane is estimated to have reached Category 5 intensity. In response to a deep trough over Appalachia, the hurricane veered northward, sparing the Bahamas, Florida, the Carolinas, and the Mid-Atlantic. At the same time, a high pressure system was centered north of Bermuda, preventing the hurricane from making an eastward turn out to sea. Thus, the hurricane was effectively squeezed to the north between the two weather systems.
Late on September 20, this set-up caused the storm's forward speed to increase substantially, ultimately reaching 70 mph, the highest forward velocity ever recorded in the annals of hurricanes. This extreme forward motion, being in the same general direction as the winds on the eastern side of the storm as it proceeded north, caused the perceived wind speed in areas east of the eye to be far higher than would be the case with a hurricane of more typical forward speed. (Winds rotate counter-clockwise around all low pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere, thus winds on the right side of a hurricane, "right" being relative to the direction of motion of the storm itself, are moving in the same general direction as the hurricane. Therefore, the forward motion increases the observed wind speed for points to the right of the eye of the hurricane and decreases the observed wind speed for points to the left of the eye, but in a complex way that defies crude addition or subtraction of the forward motion from the "intrinsic" wind speed of the hurricane.) During the early hours of September 21, the storm, centered several hundred miles to the southeast of Cape Hatteras, weakened slightly. By 8:30 am EDT, the hurricane was centered approximately 100 miles (160 km) due east of Cape Hatteras, and its forward speed had increased to well over 50 mph. This rapid movement did not give the hurricane a sufficient amount of time to weaken over the cooler waters before it reached Long Island. During the 9:00 am EDT hour, the hurricane sped through the Virginia tidewater. Between 12:00 pm and 2:00 pm EDT, the New Jersey coastline and New York City caught the western edge of the hurricane. At the same time, weather conditions began to deteriorate rapidly on Long Island as well as along the southern New England coast. The hurricane made landfall at Bellport on Long Island's Suffolk County sometime between 2:10 pm and 2:40 pm EDT as a category 3 hurricane with sustained winds of 120 mph. The storm made a second landfall still as a category 3 hurricane somewhere between Bridgeport and New Haven, Connecticut, around 4:00 pm with sustained winds of 115 mph.
By 5:00 pm EDT, the eye moved into western Massachusetts, and by 6:00 pm EDT, the hurricane reached Vermont. Both Westfield, Massachusetts, and Dorset, Vermont, reported calm conditions and partial clearing during passage of the eye, which is a rather unusual occurrence for a New England hurricane. As the hurricane continued into northern Vermont, it began to lose tropical characteristics. Still carrying hurricane-force winds, the storm crossed into Quebec at approximately 10:00 pm EDT, while transitioning into a post-tropical low. The post-tropical remnants dissipated over northern Ontario a few days later.
In 1938 United States forecasting lagged behind forecasting in Europe, where new techniques of analyzing air masses and taking into account the influence of fronts were being used. A confidential report by the United States Forest Service, the parent agency of the United States Weather Bureau, had described the forecasting of the bureau as "a sorry state of affairs" where forecasters had poor training and systematic planning was not used and where forecasters had to "scrape by" to get information wherever they could. On September 19 the Jacksonville, Florida, office of the United States Weather Bureau issued a warning that a hurricane might hit Florida. Residents and authorities who had endured the Labor Day Hurricane 3 years prior made extensive preparations. When the storm turned north the office issued warnings for the Carolina coast and transferred authority to the bureau's headquarters in Washington. At 9:00 am on September 21 the Washington office issued northeast storm warnings north of Atlantic City and south of Block Island and southeast storm warnings from Block Island to Eastport, Maine. The advisory underestimated the storm's intensity and said the storm was farther south than it actually was. The office had yet to forward any information about the hurricane to the New York City office. At 10:00 am the bureau downgraded the hurricane to a tropical storm. The 11:30 am advisory mentioned gale-force winds but nothing about a tropical storm or hurricane. That day 28-year-old rookie Charles Pierce was standing in for two veteran meteorologists. Pierce concluded the storm would be squeezed by a high-pressure area located to the west of the hurricane and a high-pressure area located to the east of the hurricane and be forced to ride up a trough of low pressure into New England. A noon meeting was called and Pierce presented his conclusion but was overruled by "celebrated" chief forecaster Charles Mitchell and his senior staff. In Boston meteorologist E.B. Rideout told his WEEI radio listeners, to the skepticism of his peers, that the hurricane would hit New England. At 2:00 pm, as hurricane-force gusts were occurring on Long Island's South Shore and near hurricane-force gusts on the coast of Connecticut, the Washington office issued an advisory saying the storm was 75 miles east-southeast of Atlantic City and would pass over Long Island and Connecticut. Reanalysis of the storm suggests the hurricane was farther north (just 50 miles from Fire Island), stronger, and larger than the advisory said.
The majority of the storm damage was from storm surge and wind. Damage was estimated at $308 million, (the equivalent of $5.1 billion adjusted for inflation in 2016 dollars), making it among the most costly hurricanes to strike the U.S. mainland. It is estimated that if an identical hurricane struck in 2005 it would have caused $39.2 billion (2005 dollars) in damage, due to changes in population and infrastructure.
Approximately 600 people died in the storm in New England, most in Rhode Island, and up to 100 people elsewhere in the path of the storm. An additional 708 people were reported injured.
In total, 4,500 cottages, farms, and other homes were reported destroyed. An additional 25,000 homes were damaged. Other damages included 26,000 automobiles destroyed and 20,000 electrical poles toppled. The hurricane also devastated the forests of the Northeast, knocking down an estimated 2 billion trees in New York and New England. Freshwater flooding was minimal, however, as the quick passage of the storm decreased local rainfall totals, with only a few small areas receiving over 10 inches (250 mm).
Over 35% of New England's total forest area was affected. In all, over 2.7 billion board feet of trees fell because of the storm. 1.6 billion board feet of the trees were salvaged. The Northeastern Timber Salvage Administration (NETSA) was established to deal with the extreme fire hazard that the fallen timber had created. In many locations, roads from the fallen tree removal were visible decades later and in some cases, became trails still used today. The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad from New Haven to Providence was particularly hard hit, as countless bridges along the Shore Line were destroyed or flooded, severing rail connections to badly affected cities (such as Westerly, Rhode Island) in the process. More than 50 people perished on Long Island in the storm's wake. All the shore lines were very vulnerable to the high winds and flooding waves, and anyone who was along or near the shores was directly in harm's way. Due to the lack of technology back in 1938, Long Island residents were not warned of the hurricane's arrival, leaving little to no time to prepare or evacuate. Long Island was struck first, before New England, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Quebec, earning the storm the nickname the "Long Island Express." The winds reached up to 150 mph with waves surging to around 25–35 feet high. Ten new inlets were created on eastern Long Island. The surge rearranged the sand at the Cedar Point Lighthouse so that the island became connected to what is now Cedar Point County Park. The surging water created the present-day Shinnecock Inlet by carving out a large section of barrier island separating Shinnecock Bay from the Atlantic. The storm toppled the landmark steeple of the tallest building in Sag Harbor, the Old Whaler's Church. The steeple has not been rebuilt. Wading River suffered substantial damage. In Greenport, on the North Fork of Long Island, the storm blew down the movie theater located on Front Street. The fishing industry was destroyed, as was half of the apple crop.
The hurricane also played an interesting role in the centuries-old Yale-Harvard rivalry. At the time, both schools had 2,000+ acre forests managed by their forestry departments. These forests were wiped out by the hurricane, thus rendering them useless for having a timber management program. However, Yale had a backup forest at Great Mountain in northwestern Connecticut, which was spared from the totality of the damages. Hence, they were able to keep their forestry program running, which maintains operation today. Meanwhile, Harvard's program was reduced to a small program and no longer a major player in the forestry game.
The western side of the hurricane caused sustained tropical storm-force winds, high waves, and storm surge along much of the New Jersey coast. In Atlantic City, the surge destroyed much of the boardwalk, and the bridge between Atlantic City and Brigantine collapsed, stranding at least 2,000. Additionally, the surge inundated several coastal communities; Wildwood was under 3 feet (0.91 m) of water at the height of the storm, and in Bay Head, the boardwalk was destroyed and dozens of cottages washed into the ocean. Crops sustained wind damage. The maximum recorded wind gust was 70 mph at Sandy Hook.
The area escaped the worst of the wind and storm surge because it was hit by the storm's weaker western side. Winds were recorded at 60 mph at Central Park, Battery Park recorded sustained winds of 70 mph with gusts to 80 mph, and a gust of 90 mph was recorded 500 feet above ground at the Daily News Building. Winds were estimated at 120 mph on top of the Empire State Building. The highest winds were from the north to northwest on the back side of the storm. The storm surge was 8½ feet at the Battery and the Mean Low Water storm tide was 16¾ feet at Willets Point. In New York Harbor, the waters rose 7 feet in a half-hour.
In New York City and Long Island, schools were dismissed early. Extensive street flooding occurred because debris blocked drains. The East River flowed three blocks and flooded a Consolidated Edison (Con Ed) plant at 133rd Street, causing power to fail in Manhattan north of 59th Street and in the Bronx for several minutes to a few hours. Railroad and ferry services were suspended for a time. The Staten Island Ferry boat Knickerbocker with 200 passengers aboard got stuck in the terminal. Bridges and tunnels connecting Manhattan to the outside were closed until the following afternoon. 95% of Nassau County lost power, where floods brought traffic to a halt. In Manhasset Bay, almost 400 boats were ripped from their moorings and smashed or sunk, with more than 100 washing up on the beach by the Port Washington Yacht Club. Similar scenes occurred in other locations on the north shore. The J.P. Morgan estate in Glen Cove was heavily damaged. The wife of New York City mayor Fiorello La Guardia was forced to wait out the storm on the second floor of their Northport cottage. Mitchel Field army airfield, which was buffeted by winds of nearly 100 mph, was under water that was over knee-deep. In Williston Park, residents of 50 homes needed to be rescued by rowboat when heavy rain the previous few days combined with the rain from the hurricane to overflow a pond.
Eastern Long Island experienced the worst of the storm. The Dune Road area of Westhampton Beach was obliterated, resulting in 29 deaths. A cinema in Westhampton was also swept out to sea; about 20 people at a matinee and the theater projectionist landed two miles (3 km) into the Atlantic and drowned. There were 21 other deaths through the rest of the East End of Long Island. The storm surge temporarily turned Montauk into an island as it flooded across the South Fork at Napeague and obliterated the tracks of the Long Island Rail Road.
Being exposed to the storm due to its shorelines, Long Island was hit hard. The estimated storm tide was 15 feet in this region. A mean low water storm tide of 8 feet was recorded at Port Jefferson. About 50 people perished in the storm's wake. All the shore lines were very vulnerable to the high winds and flooding waves, and anyone who was along or near the shores was directly in harm's way.
Ten new inlets were created on eastern Long Island. The surge rearranged the sand at the Cedar Point Lighthouse so that the island became connected to what is now Cedar Point County Park. The surging water created the present-day Shinnecock Inlet by carving out a large section of barrier island separating Shinnecock Bay from the Atlantic. The storm toppled the landmark steeple of the tallest building in Sag Harbor, the Old Whaler's Church. The steeple has not been rebuilt. Wading River suffered substantial damage.
In Greenport, on the North Fork of Long Island, the storm blew down the movie theater located on Front Street.
The fishing industry was destroyed, as was half of the apple crop.
The storm surge hit Westerly, Rhode Island, at 3:50 pm EDT, resulting in 100 deaths.
The tide was even higher than usual because of the autumnal equinox and full moon. The hurricane produced storm tides of 14 to 18 feet (5 m) across most of the Long Island and Connecticut coast, with 18 to 25-foot (8 m) tides from New London east to Cape Cod. The storm surge was especially violent along the Rhode Island shore, sweeping hundreds of summer cottages out to sea. Low-lying Block Island offshore was almost completely underwater, and many drowned. As the surge drove northward through Narragansett Bay, it was restricted by the Bay's funnel shape and rose to 15.8 feet above normal spring tides, resulting in more than 13 feet (4.0 m) of water in some areas of downtown Providence. Several motorists were drowned in their automobiles. In Jamestown, seven children were killed when their school bus was blown into Mackerel Cove. Due in part to the economic difficulties of the Great Depression, many stores in downtown Providence were looted by mobs, often before the flood waters had fully subsided.
Many homes and structures along the coast were destroyed, as well as many structures inland along the hurricane's path. Entire beach communities on the coast of Rhode Island were obliterated. Napatree Point, a small cape that housed nearly 40 families between the Atlantic Ocean and Little Narragansett Bay just off of Watch Hill, Rhode Island, was completely swept away. Today, Napatree is a wildlife refuge with no human inhabitants. One house in Charlestown, Rhode Island, was lifted and deposited across the street, where it stood, inhabited, until it was demolished in August 2011. Even to this day, concrete staircases and boardwalk bases destroyed by the hurricane can be found when sand levels on some beaches are low. The boardwalk along Easton's Beach in Newport was completely destroyed by the storm.
A few miles from Conanicut Island, Whale Rock Light was swept off its base and into the raging waves, killing keeper Walter Eberle. His body was never found.
At Prudence Island, the Prudence Island Light suffered a direct blow from the storm surge, which measured 17'5" at Sandy Point. The masonry tower was slightly damaged. However, the adjoining lightkeeper's home was utterly destroyed and washed out to sea, killing the lightkeeper's wife and son, as well as the former lightkeeper and a couple who left their summer cottages near the lighthouse and sought shelter in the (perceived) sturdier lightkeeper's home. The lightkeeper, George T. Gustavus, was thrown free from the wreckage of the house and was saved by an island resident who held a branch into the water from the cliffs further down the coast. Gustavus and Milton Chase, the owner of the island's power plant, reactivated the light during the storm by running a cable from the plant to the light and installing a light bulb, marking the first time the light was lit with electricity.
Because of the massive flooding from the 1938 storm, and from the even higher 14.4 foot (4.4 meters) storm surge that resulted from 1954's Hurricane Carol, in 1966 the Fox Point Hurricane Barrier was completed to avoid such extreme storm surges from ever again flooding downtown Providence.
The original parchment of the 1764 Charter of Brown University was washed clean of its text when its vault in a Providence bank was flooded.
Newport recorded the highest water level of the storm, at 3.53 meters above mean sea level according to a NOAA study. This storm level is 0.98 meters above the SLOSH model of a 100-year storm, and one estimate is that this water level "reflects a storm occurring roughly once every 400 years." A study of sand deposits also gives evidence that this was the strongest hurricane to hit Rhode Island in over 300 years.
Eastern Connecticut was on the eastern side of the hurricane. Long Island acted as a buffer against large ocean surges, but the waters of Long Island Sound rose to unimaginable heights. Small shoreline towns to the east of New Haven had nearly complete destruction from the water and winds. To this day, the 1938 hurricane holds the record for the worst natural disaster in Connecticut's 350-year history.
The mean low-water storm tide was 14.1 feet at Stamford, 12.8 feet at Bridgeport, and 10.58 feet at New London, which remains a record high.
In the beach towns of Madison, Clinton, Westbrook, and Old Saybrook, buildings were found as wreckage across coastal roads. Actress Katharine Hepburn waded to safety from her Old Saybrook beach home, narrowly escaping death. She stated in her 1991 book that 95% of her personal belongings were either lost or destroyed, including her 1932 Oscar, which was later found intact. In Old Lyme, beach cottages were flattened or swept away. At Stonington, the Bostonian, a NYNH&H passenger train, became stuck in debris. Two passengers died when they drowned while attempting to escape, before the crew was able to clear the debris and get the train moving. Along the Stonington shorefront, buildings were swept off their foundations and found two miles (3 km) inland. Rescuers later searching for survivors in the homes in Mystic found live fish and crabs in kitchen drawers and cabinets.
New London was first swept by the winds and storm surge, after which the waterfront business district caught fire and burned out of control for 10 hours. Stately homes along Ocean Beach were leveled by the storm surge. The permanently anchored 240-ton lightship at the head of New London Harbor was found on a sand bar two miles (3 km) away.
Interior sections of the state experienced widespread flooding as the hurricane's torrential rains fell on soil already saturated from previous storms. The Connecticut River was forced out of its banks, inundating cities and towns from Hartford to Middletown.
African-American novelist Ann Petry drew on her personal experiences of the hurricane in Old Saybrook in her 1947 novel, Country Place. Although the novel is set in the immediate aftermath of World War II, Petry identified the 1938 storm as the source for the storm that is at the center of her narrative.
The eye of the storm followed the Connecticut River north into Massachusetts, where the winds and flooding killed 99 people. In Springfield, the river rose six to 10 feet (3 m) above flood stage, causing significant damage. Up to six inches (152 mm) of rain fell across western Massachusetts, which, combined with over four inches (102 mm) that had fallen a few days earlier, produced widespread flooding. In Chicopee, flash flooding on the Chicopee River washed away the Chicopee Falls Bridge, while the Connecticut River flooded most of the Willimansett section. Residents of Ware were stranded for days and relied on air-dropped food and medicine. After the flood receded, the town's Main Street was a chasm in which sewer pipes could be seen.
To the east, the surge left Falmouth and New Bedford under eight feet of water. Two-thirds of all the boats in New Bedford harbor sank. Several homes washed away on Atlantic Boulevard in Fall River, whose foundations can still be found on the beach today. The Blue Hill Observatory registered sustained winds of 121 mph (195 km/h) and a peak gust of 186 mph (299 km/h), which is the strongest hurricane-related surface wind gust ever recorded in the United States. A 50-foot wave, the tallest of the storm, was recorded at Gloucester.
The storm entered Vermont as a Category 1 hurricane at approximately 6:00 pm EDT, reaching northern Vermont, Burlington, and Lake Champlain around 8:00 pm. Hurricane-force winds caused extensive damage to trees, buildings, and power lines. Over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of public roads were blocked, and it took months for crews to reopen some of the roads. In Montpelier, 120 miles (190 km) from the nearest coast, salt spray was seen on windows. A train was derailed in Castleton. The storm killed five people in Vermont. Maple and sugar groves were damaged. The 1938 hurricane has been the only tropical cyclone to make a direct hit on Vermont in its recorded history; it remains the only one known to have struck Vermont as a hurricane.
Even though the storm center tracked further west, through Vermont, New Hampshire, received appreciable damage. As in Vermont, very high winds brought down numerous trees and electric lines, but rainfall totals in New Hampshire were significantly less than those in other states. Only 1 inch (25 mm) of rain fell in Concord. Damage at Peterborough was worse, however; total damage there was stated to be $500,000 (1938 dollars, $6.5 million 2005 dollars), which included the destruction of 10 bridges. Much of the lower downtown burned because floodwaters prevented firefighters from reaching and extinguishing the blaze. Other communities also suffered considerable damage to forest resources. In New Hampshire, 13 people perished. At Mt. Washington, winds gusted to 163 miles per hour (262 km/h) and knocked down part of a trestle on the Cog Railway.
In Maine, buildings and trees were damaged and power outages occurred. Storm surge was minimal, and winds remained below hurricane strength. The storm did not claim any lives in Maine.
The western periphery of the hurricane brought heavy rain and gusty winds to Delaware and southeastern Maryland. Damage, if any, is believed to have been minimal.
As the hurricane was transitioning into an extratropical cyclone, it tracked into southern Quebec. By the time the system initially crossed into Canada, it continued to produce heavy rain and very strong winds, but interaction with land had taken its toll. Nevertheless, the hurricane managed to blow down numerous trees throughout the region. Otherwise, damage was generally minimal.
1938 New England hurricane Wikipedia
Similar TopicsGreat Hurricane of 1780
Hurricane Bob
Hurricane Carol
Great Hurricane of 1780


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Writing the Stalker Film Screenplay
All Articles, Craft, Film, Genre
Stalking is an inherently cinematic activity and it crops up everywhere, in every kind of story. Following people around (with a camera) is what film-makers do, and as soon as the camera becomes a character, it's a stalker. Whether it's the cop watching the villain on a stakeout or the cold-blooded killer following a young woman down an alleyway, placing the audience in the stalker's shoes and allowing them to watch someone who doesn't 'know' they're being watched, is a staple audience thrill. It's a great way of drawing in an audience, suspending their disbelief and making them utterly complicit all at the same time.
DEFINING THE GENRE
As defined by the likes of FATAL ATTRACTION, DUEL, ONE HOUR PHOTO, CAPE FEAR, HALLOWEEN, the Stalker genre is one where the relationship between the stalker and the victim drives the main plot. The classic story model usually begins with the antagonist's obsession with the protagonist being sparked off by a particular incident/action. He or she then watches the protagonist, hounds them, invades their life and provokes them into increasingly violent confrontations that culminate in a battle to the death (where classically the protagonist must kill the antagonist to survive).
This basic plot has thrown up a range of different films. Changing the various elements (who's stalking whom, why, how) has allowed film-makers to adapt it and freshen it up for every zeitgeist. Sometimes this finger on the pulse approach has meant that the movies date badly (FATAL ATTRACTION is as 80s as the Rubik's cube) but that's often a reflection of just how hard they hit a nerve at the time.
More modern iterations have combined the stalker theme with the teen horror. THE ROOMMATE follows the experience of a new college student paired with an obsessive fellow student in her dorm room, 2008's PROM NIGHT charts the return of a sadistic killer from a high school girl's past as she and her friends attend prom and HOUSE AT THE END OF THE STREET, starring a young Jennifer Lawrence, a teenager's encounter with a traumatized and psychotic boy who lives in her new neighbourhood.
Every possible relationship combination has been done: men stalking men (THE KING OF COMEDY), women stalking men (PLAY MISTY FOR ME), women stalking women (SINGLE WHITE FEMALE), men stalking women (SLEEPING WITH THE ENEMY) and every motivation covered: for revenge (CAPE FEAR), for love (HE LOVES ME … HE LOVES ME NOT), because the stalker wants to be stalked (SINGLE WHITE FEMALE), because the stalker wants what the stalked individual has (ONE HOUR PHOTO) and just because they're an evil maniac (HALLOWEEN).
Most gender combinations and motivations have intersected at some time and as our awareness of the way real stalkers behave has increased, the psychological plausibility of their behaviour has become more important. The evil maniac excuse just doesn't cut it in the way it used to. Once it was acceptable for the stalker to be a mysterious force of evil, sometimes to an almost abstract degree (in DUEL the human stalker is unseen inside a murderous truck). However it's now assumed that there will be some sort of childhood trauma behind all that lurking behind bushes (CHUCK & BUCK, ONE HOUR PHOTO, SINGLE WHITE FEMALE).
In turn, more recent films have utilised enclosed, claustrophobic settings to differentiate themselves from the more traditional pursuit trope. P2 centres on a business executive trapped in a garage office in her company's building on Christmas Eve, while THE RESIDENT sees a woman (Hilary Swank) learn the landlord of her new Brooklyn loft may have developed a stalkerish obsession with her.
COMPLEX CHARACTERS
While it can be sad to lose the more romantic, biblical trope of being stalked by evil, making the antagonist a cypher frees you up to concentrate on the protagonist's problems (and bad guys unmitigated by childhood traumas are usually more fun). This increase in the complexity of antagonist characterisation has brought on another, more interesting change: stalker sympathy, even to the extent that the stalker becomes the protagonist. This was most famously done in TAXI DRIVER, in which De Niro's Travis Bickle is a tightly wound veteran seeking an outlet, and begins to pursue a senator and a member of his staff. Bickle invites both sympathy and revulsion and arguably no stalker film has addressed this complexity better.
A good recent example of a film told from the stalker's perspective is the low-budget indie CHUCK & BUCK. The incident that sets off Buck's obsession with Chuck is a childhood sex game, one that seems to have retarded his emotional development at the age of eleven. The story deviates from the classic trope in many ways but is notable for the fact that Buck actually gets what he wants (sex with Chuck) and this makes it possible for him to let go of his obsession and move on. Not only does nobody have to die at the end, everybody has cake.
Chuck & Buck (1/12) Movie CLIP - Wanna Go See My Room? (2000) HD
STALKER FILMS AS COMEDIES
Even with its relatively happy ending, Chuck & Buck is still a disturbing film, tonally it keeps with tradition. The stalker movies that have really inverted the classic model are the handful that have been executed as comedies. In WHAT ABOUT BOB? psychiatrist Dr Leo Marvin is so uptight and self-important that it's fun watching Bob drive him crazy with his needy, neurotic attentions (and the escalating confrontations are very much played for laughs).
ALL ABOUT STEVE, a Sandra Bullock/Bradley Cooper comedy, looked to add to that tradition in 2009 but was widely panned. Stalking is rarely successfully played for laughs in Hollywood, with the honourable exception of THERE'S SOMETHING ABOUT MARY. While encompassing many different comedic themes and motifs, the film is fundamentally about stalking; the harmless Ted Stroehmann's (Ben Stiller's character) and the more creepy Pat Healy's (as played by Matt Dillon).
Perhaps the most unusual stalker story of all is the redemptive romantic comedy ADDICTED TO LOVE, where stalker Sam learns the error of his ways and finds love with fellow stalker Maggie. Despite all these attempts to pervert the traditional relationship between stalker and victim, the classic model still thrives (CAPE FEAR, SWIMFAN), probably because a stalker is such an easy and powerful way to personify a character's demons and have him fight them to the bitter end.
UNDERLYING MOTIVATIONS
What does the protagonist fear the most? A threat to his family (CAPE FEAR)? To his sanity (ENDURING LOVE)? To his life (DUEL)? That his past will come back to haunt him (CHUCK & BUCK)? Or his sins (FATAL ATTRACTION)? What would he be prepared to do to protect himself if he were completely on his own?
Aside from fear, the other guiding emotion in the protagonist's journey is usually guilt, which is often triggered at the same time as the stalker's obsession. The action that connects the protagonist to the antagonist doesn't have to be serious but the protagonist always does something and feels some sense of responsibility or culpability, even if the antagonist isn't the focus of those feelings. In ENDURING LOVE, for example, Jez's obsession with Joe exacerbates his mental deterioration but the underlying problem is really Joe's guilt feelings about his part in the ballooning accident.
Sometimes the guilt arises not from the obsession-causing incident itself but from the way in which the protagonist finds himself reacting to the threat that the antagonist poses. As brutally as Max Cady behaves, the genuine dark element of CAPE FEAR is how quickly respectable lawyer Sam becomes corrupt and acts outside the law in order to protect himself and his family (and the dramatically satisfying ending arises from his realisation that punishing Cady in a civilised way is the greatest revenge).
The reason for a stalker's obsession makes surprisingly little difference to his or her behaviour. Love is every bit as dangerous as revenge and, sadly, it's all become rather predictable. Some clichés are inevitable (looking in through windows, standing outside in the rain), some are durable (the POV shot) and some should be pulled immediately (I'll get to the dogs later).
There's surprisingly little variation in the way that movie stalkers ply their trade so the clever ones stand out. In ONE HOUR PHOTO, Sy Parrish has a lazy start as a stalker because the objects of his obsession, the Yorkin family, actually bring all the surveillance material to him (in the form of the films they take in to be developed). In ADDICTED TO LOVE astronomer Sam knocks up a camera obscura that projects cinema-sized images of his ex-fiancé on the wall.
Some recurring moments remain creepy after repeated use: the moment when the protagonist pretends to return the stalker's affection so they can catch him/her off guard (SINGLE WHITE FEMALE) or when the stalker convinces someone close to the victim that they're the one with the problem (ENDURING LOVE) and the point where the protagonist appears to be completely over-reacting to the threat in a public place is normally essential (DUEL).
One of the most over-used tropes is that the dog always gets it first (CAPE FEAR, SINGLE WHITE FEMALE, SWIMFAN, HALLOWEEN). If there's a dog in a stalker movie, try not to become too attached to it. Very famously, FATAL ATTRACTION managed to get some new mileage out of the dog trope by boiling a bunny but, in general, unless you have an issue with canines or an ingenious spin on the idea, it's probably best avoided.
The final cliché in most stalker movies is usually the antagonist's ability to be back on their feet a minute or so after being shot, stabbed, drowned or subjected to some other event that would comfortably kill anyone not blessed with superhuman powers. I'm not sure whether this cliché originated in the stalker story (probably not) but FATAL ATTRACTION does seem to be the one that made it de rigeur and, sadly, this now means that we live in an age where the audience would be disappointed if the killer didn't come back to life at least once.
The stalker story is best when it bypasses the logical mind and heads straight for our deepest, darkest, most paranoid fears. There's a rich seam untapped here in that it's probably about time that the stalker story was suitably updated for the surveillance camera zeitgeist. Better keep the curtains shut.
Written by Faye Jackson.
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1 thought on "Writing the Stalker Film Screenplay"
David Chester
This is a great article, and it is my hope that the author will update it to include more present day examples. The article covers a lot of territory and I will certainly be referring to it as I write.
I encourage the author and/or Industrial Scripts to update this article with current references; otherwise, it's really outstanding.