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Q: Why does the root element in my App.vue template have to match the one in index.html? I have created a project using the vue cli (version 3.0.0-rc.10) and configured it to use typescript.
In the index.html file it creates, there is a

 which if I understand correctly the main.ts file will look for via the mount function in the below code
new Vue({
  render: h => h(App)
}).$mount('#app')

However, when I look in the App.vue files  it also has a root element of div with an id of app.
Why must the App.vue's template have a div exactly the same as that found in index.html?

A: It doesn't have to have id="app" in the App.vue file, change the ID to whatever you want.
$mount('#app') replaces the existing
 from the index.html not from the App.vue. It's just boilerplate code.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The scriptures invite us to pay attention to God. Paying attention to God is one of the mechanisms God ordains to bring about transformation. So what then are we hopelessly over stimulated, hyper scheduled, never quiet city folk to do?
Well I believe the answer is that we must train. We can't simply decide to pay attention to God – we will need to be honest enough to know that without training we will not be successful in acting upon our desire.
Step 1) Acknowledge that no matter how distracted you feel, you are in fact always paying attention to something.
The 20th century Spanish philosopher, Jose Ortega y Gasset, said "Tell me to what you pay attention and I will tell you who you are." Those words can feel somewhat convicting, yet I believe they are true none the less. People's attention spans are not getting shorter – they are just getting harder to attract.
The first step in training ourselves to pay attention to God is to acknowledge that we are not too distracted to pay attention – rather we are simply not aware of the things that currently have garnered our attention. You are not distracted by Netflix. When you watch it, you are giving it your attention. You are not distracted by emails. When you choose to respond to your notifications, you are giving those your attention. You are not distracted by your children, young or old – rather when you engage with them you are choosing to give them your attention. I am not criticizing any of these things – I am just trying to illuminate that our problem is not one of focus. The issue we face is that we rarely act as good stewards of our attention.
The apostle Paul was aware of the wandering attentions of the early church in Corinth, and gave them this encouragement: "Brothers and sisters, I want to call your attention to the good news that I preached to you, which you also received and in which you stand." (1 Cor 15:1, CEB).
Acknowledge that no matter how distracted you feel, you are in fact always paying attention to something. This is the beginning step of your training.
Step 2) Embrace the weird.
Hang with me for a minute. I want to tell you about this character in the gospels who has always stood out to me as particularly weird. He ate bugs. He wore uncomfortable and unfashionable clothing. He lived on the margins of society. He let his passion for God lead him in some unusual practices. And he was the one who was given the honour of directing the attention of all within earshot to the arrival of Jesus, the saviour of the world. John the Baptist was by all accounts weird. Still he had his attention fully devoted to God's arrival in the world.
If we want to respond to the invitation to be transformed as we pay attention to God, we will, perhaps, need to embrace some of the weirdness of John.
John regularly withdrew to wild places. We may not have many wild places nearby, but if nothing else, we can get outdoors. Spending time in nature allowed John to direct his attentions to the God of creation. Think of the surroundings you spend your day around. Are you mostly surrounded by the man-made or the Creator made?
John withdrew from the popular voices and practiced regular times of solitude. John was obviously well-schooled in the scriptures and the prophets. If he had wanted he would have surely found good favour among the religious leaders of his day. Yet, he strangely chose to withdraw from those sources that may have puffed him up, and headed instead to quiet places to hear the voice of the only One who could lift him up. Think of the voices you accept as influences in your life? Are you mostly surrounded by the popular, by the crowd-sourced influentials or are you listening for the still, quiet voice of One who calls in times of solitude?
John lived a simple, somewhat ascetic life. Even in his day, his choices would have been held as weird. Now I am not suggesting that we all sell our homes, cars, clothes and run off to live in Goldstream park. Short of selling all your belongings, perhaps instead consider adopting a practice of intentional simplicity, chosen inefficiency, radical generosity, and unparalleled hospitality. There is no doubt that all of those practices would endear you to our culture as weird, but nevertheless they would tune your heart to the frequency of the Divine.
It is weird to wake up an hour early for an hour in contemplative prayer.
It is weird to resist your next purchase so you may instead give generously to someone else.
It is weird to take a day each week to be completely unproductive.
It is weird to touch dirt, smell pine needles, and sink your toes into sand in January.
It is weird to prefer a quiet "well done" over the public acclaim offered by a crowd of adoring fans.
It is weird to offer your home as a sanctuary to all who seek respite there.
Still, lets embrace the weird for the sake of our training.
Weird is often the gateway into seeing God. John was weird. John saw God.
Step 3) Expect God to intersect with your life.
The mistake many of us are making is that we are living our lives as though it is a gentle path that allows for comfortable and predictable rhythms. Even if our lives are not comfortable or predictable, we strain and work and pursue a pathway life – because we believe that is what we were made for.
But I think we have been chasing a lie. From the beginning of all creation, God has been actively pursuing his beloved. You and me. He has been actively and relentlessly loving after us and intersecting His story with ours. When Jesus announced that the Kingdom of God is near, He was essentially announcing that God's Kingdom has forever intersected with humanity.
Our lives are not to be characterized by gentle and meandering pathways – rather our reality is that life is found in the intersection between God and man – and like all children know – you've gotta pay attention at intersections.
As we train to pay attention to God, we will need to expect God's intersection in our lives. Our God is not a distant and inactive deity, rather the Triune God is one we should expect to encounter as being continually active in this world.
Do you expect God to intersect with your life? On Monday morning as much as Sunday morning? The life centered on Christ and empowered by His Spirit will be characterized by the intersection of his activity in our lives and the lives of those around us.
"Now to him who is able to do immeasurably more than all we ask or imagine, according to his power that is at work within us, to him be glory in the church and in Christ Jesus throughout all generations, for ever and ever! Amen." (Eph 3:20, NIV).
Lets take some steps together – and expect God's transformation to intersect with our lives!
This blogpost is an excerpt from Pastor Kyla's recent message, Sunday, January 20th, 2019. To listen to the full message visit our sermon page now.


Radial has made the brave step to elevate the 500 series to a higher level than ever before. Not only do Radial power racks deliver more current, they are easier to use and give you more creative options than ever before. And Radial is pushing the development of modules further by in directions never before taken. With over 17 modules now in production, Radial leads the market in both value and selection.


2019 CIAA Parties & Events taking place during the CIAA Basketball Tournament in Charlotte, NC from February 25th through March 2nd.
List is frequently updated so check back often for more events!
Click Here to submit your event & have it listed FOR FREE! Premium advertising packages are also available.
Toyota Fan Fest, Charlotte Convention Center, 12 p.m.-8:00 p.m.
Lowe's Super Saturday, Charlotte Convention Center, 8:30 a.m.-1:00 p.m.
Toyota Fan Fest, Charlotte Convention Center, 12:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m.
Interested in Supporting the CIAA?
Become a Volunteer! Click here for more information.
Vending opportuntiies are available in Spectrum Arena (Feb. 28-March 2) and Fan Fest (March 1-2).
Event categories: CIAA Featured Events, CIAA Week, and Featured.


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Donohue Funeral Home
Send Flowers for Louis "Doug"
Louis "Doug" Zachau
July 20, 1931 ~ January 4, 2021 (age 89)
On Monday January 4, 2021, Doug Zachau passed away at the age of 89 from complications of COVID-19. Doug was the devoted husband of Emmie (nee Daniels), the loving father of three children, of six grandchildren, and of a great grandson. Doug was born on July 20, 1931 to Louis and Marion Zachau in Kearny, New Jersey. He was raised in Nutley, New Jersey. Doug and Emmie began their 66 years of marriage in New Jersey. In 1965 Doug and Emmie moved from New Jersey to Gulph Mills Pennsylvania where they built a home and continued to raise their family. Family was most important to Doug, as it was to Emmie, and he always placed his wife, children, and their children first during his journey as a husband, a father, a grandfather, and a great-grandfather. Nothing came before family for Doug, ever.
Doug is a 1949 graduate of Nutley (N.J.) High School and a 1962 graduate of the Newark (N.J.) College of Engineering, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering through night school. In those early years Doug worked as a lineman for Public Service in Newark, N.J.. After college Doug was hired by Eltra Corporation and swiftly rose through the ranks from District Manager eventually to National Sales Manager of the C & D Batteries Division, headquartered in Plymouth Meeting, PA. Doug retired from C & D Batteries in 2000.
In addition to his professional accomplishments, Doug was highly talented and knowledgeable around the family home. Over the years he built a patio complete with a brick wall, an additional room onto the home, and an outbuilding on the property affectionally known as the "little red house."
Doug also had a lifelong strong interest in anything military. Doug served in the Army from 1952 until his honorable discharge in 1954 at the rank of corporal from Fort Jackson, SC. If anyone asked Doug what was one of the best things that ever happened to him, he would provide an answer that may surprise many. In his own words, here is his answer to that question:
"I have said in the past one of the best things that happened to me---and there were several---was to be drafted in 1952 into the US Army. Why you might ask?? Well # 1, and the most important thing, was I met your Mom (Emmie). #2, I didn't have much $ and my parents were not wealthy, not even close, but the G.I. Bill gave me the opportunity to go to night school. Yeah it took 8 years, 4 nights a week, where I earned my degree in Electrical Engineering. That piece of paper opened doors for me and allowed me to do things that otherwise would never have been possible. On top of that I have 3 great kids and that is only the start. We were, in my humble opinion, a close loving family and still are. Oh, there were some down times over the years but as a family we thrived and have grown closer to each other. Without getting too tear eyed I have had a wonderful life and, in my heart, I may have done things a little better BUT I did do my best and feel we all have come out of this as a wonderful family."
Doug spent his final year of life as a resident at the Bryn Mawr Terrace Assisted Living Facility, along with Emmie, until her death on July 5, 2020. There he met many people that became special to him. Most important for him was crossing paths with Sharon Major, Director of Marketing and Community Relations at Bryn Mawr Terrace. Sharon did much to brighten Doug's final year of life, and we consider her family as Doug did.
Doug was preceded in death by his parents and his wife, Emmie. He is survived by his daughter Beth Bumbier, his sons Geoffrey and David, his granddaughters Christina Tayvinsky, Jennifer Bumbier, Jessica Zachau, Molly Zachau, Brandi Schuettler, his grandson Alex Santantonio, and great-grandson Jayson Zachau.
To send flowers to the family or plant a tree in memory of Louis "Doug" Zachau, please visit our floral store.
The Donohue Funeral Home - Wayne
366 W. Lancaster Ave
© 2021 Donohue Funeral Home. All Rights Reserved. Funeral Home website by CFS & TA | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Lion Fountains stretch goal unlocked!
The fountain in the center of the "Court of the Lions" has been a central feature of the Alhambra Palace since the late 14th century. Now, thanks to 2100 boxes of Alhambra pledged for, they can be the central piece of your Alhambra as well!
If you missed it in the comments, we decided that, since we just added a lot of bundles of different sizes, we were going to count boxes pledged for instead of individual backers for the stretch goals. With that, we have crossed the 2100 mark to unlock the Lion Fountains (a really magnificent game piece), and are well on the way to the next stretch goal. As a reminder, those who back the MEgaBox will get the fountains in the larger 5cm, and the rest will get the standard 4.5cm to match their tile size.
Jason Hunt, Guoccamolé, and 24 more people like this update.
@ginger007 It is 2, but I wrote "The Wishing Well," one of the new Designers' Modules, instead of the Medina. I thought that I had fixed that, but apparently the edit didn't save.
@Justin/Rodrigo Vera As we don't have any new expansions officially in the works at the moment, we don't have any specific plan as to how they will be sold, but yes, we will make them available in the larger tile size for the MegaBox backers. Why make a definitive Alhambra product, then leave those who buy it up a creek with a future expansion? We certainly don't intend to do that.
But they might not all be retail. Might have to buy from QG directly.
@Rodrigo it's been confirmed in the comments and faqs that future prints will be printed in both sizes going forward.
I like bigger pieces, but how will you handle future expansions? If necessary will you provide pieces for both sizes?
Cool! Clarified and confirmed. Now for those extra animals!


Yet if the only constant has been - and there is no reason why it should not continue to be - unpredictable change, it would not take much for the predictions of our sightless visionaries to be disconfirmed. If feudalism decayed, mercantilism passed away, empires rose and fell, slavery grew and was finally disgraced, rural society withered, and industry was dismantled, how much more fragile is the precarious global construct we are now obliged to call home. Are the signs of the next great change already present in our frantic time-poor schedules, even if we are too preoccupied to see them? Will new scarcities couple us to greater reliance on our inner resources than on a continued gouging of the planet's treasures? Are the good things of life devalued by being converted into commodities? If so, how shall we reclaim from the voracious market all the precious things money cannot buy? Will new evaluations of wealth alter our perception of rich and poor? Shall we withdraw our admiration from the very wealthy, whose principle legacy is the quantity of the substance of the earth they can use up in a lifetime? Are new assessments of the meaning of riches and poverty waiting to be made, according to a different calculus from that of collapsing bottom lines?


text:
The Fate of DACA Coming to a Head in the House
Rebecca.Peters@cfgi.org
By Rebecca Peters June 8, 2018
On Thursday, June 7, House Republicans discussed the likelihood of a compromise on the Deferred Action for Childhood (DACA) program, border security solutions and possible cuts to legal immigration programs like the Diversity Visa lottery and family-sponsored immigration categories. While Republican leaders are promising a compromise for the GOP next week, failure to reach a compromise would increase the likelihood that an additional handful of Republicans could turn to support a discharge petition to force the House leadership to bring up immigration bills through a series of votes known as the "Queen-of-the-Hill rule" forward at the earliest June 25.
Under this scenario, four bills that propose different solutions for DACA recipients and DACA eligible individuals would go to the House floor for a vote, should the House schedule remain on track. SHRM and its affiliate the Council for Global Immigration are members of the Coalition for the American Dream which supports a non-partisan solution that strengthens our economy and increases our security.
In the meantime, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has embarked on a robust enforcement focus, planning a surge of workplace audits this summer. In the first seven months of fiscal year 2018, the number of audits is double the number of audits from all of fiscal year 2017, which is consistent with the agency's earlier pledges to quadruple worksite enforcement. SHRM's upcoming webinar can help ensure you are compliant with the I-9 process. For more resources on I-9 compliance from SHRM and its affiliate, the Council for Global Immigration (CFGI), reach out to Justin Storch.
Want to stay up-to-date on the latest immigration policy developments and get the information you need to help your organization stay competitive and compliant? It's not too late to register for CFGI's Symposium, June 10-13, in Arlington (Crystal City), Va. Hear directly from top U.S. government officials and immigration experts on key issues, and network with your peers. No matter where you are in your career, the CFGI Symposium has something for you. Register today!
Immigration and Visas Eligibility Verification (I-9)
SHRM WEBCASTS
Mind The Gap: Managing a Multi-Generational Workforce, Jan. 16, 1 p.m. E/10 a.m. P
Arrests of Undocumented Workers Rose in 2019
H-2B Visa Demand for Spring 2020 Far Exceeds Cap


It was a marriage made in heaven. Julius Lennox Lancey married the woman of his dreams Marsha Michelle Lancey. Julius treats Marsha like a queen, he's attentive and he makes sure her every need is took care of. Suddenly, Julius gets sick and their faith is tested along with Marsha's loyalty to her husband. This powerful story, of faith, pain, and sorrow takes you to a place of knowing that life is too short and you don't know if you're promised tomorrow.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I don't bleed I write I write my heart out I don't weep I train I train my body to fight Copyright © MW the Mermaid. All rights reserved.
Words Blocks Build Create Discrete infinity Zillion possibilities Click Link Be surprised by how they pair They all connect if you dare Copyright © MW the Mermaid. All rights reserved.


Located in Portland's South Waterfront along the Willamette River, LoveJoy Bakers is a locally-run bakery and café on the ground floor of the multi-unit apartment building The Emery. In order to visually enlarge the café's small interior space, the design team took inspiration from the shell building's exterior palette and utilized a similar wood finish for the interior ceiling treatment.
A large wall of encaustic tile behind the menu boards brings strong graphic texture to the space, and the over-sized glass pendants add visual interest to the wood and marble espresso bar. Industrial glazing separates the kitchen from the seating area and allows food preparation activity to augment the space. Taking advantage of the south-facing corner location, large glazed doors provide access to an outdoor seating deck during the warmer months.


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The YBBS > The New News > Report: U.S. Not As "Free" As Touted
View Full Version : Report: U.S. Not As "Free" As Touted
Gold9472
Report: U.S. not as 'free' as touted
http://www.washingtontimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080504/FOREIGN/811472213/1003
By Betsy Pisik
NEW YORK — The U.S. political system is, at best, "a work in progress" according to an evaluation from the pro-democracy group Freedom House, which finds significant flaws in the U.S. criminal justice system, counterterrorism strategies and the treatment of minorities and immigrants.
In a 300-page report, titled "Today's American: How Free?", to be released tomorrow, the group subjects the United States to the scrutiny it more often applies to the Belaruses and Tajikistans of the world.
Despite concerns, today's America is "quite free," according to group, which constantly places the United States in the top tier with two dozen other nations based on civil liberties and political rights in its annual reports on freedoms around the world.
In the United States, "challenges to those freedoms by government officials or other actors encounter vigorous and often successful resistance from civil society and the press, the political opposition, and a judiciary that is mindful of its role as a restraint on executive and legislative excess," the authors say.
"Indeed, the dynamic, self-correcting nature of American democracy — the resilience of its core institutions and habits even in a time of military conflict — is the most significant finding."
The study, however, expresses "grave concern" about the Bush administration's attempt to extend the White House's power without congressional or judicial review.
"Generally speaking, the controversies over counterterrorism policies can be traced to the Bush administration's assertion of a degree of executive authority that is extraordinary even in wartime," says the report, which finds that broad electronic surveillance affects millions, and law enforcement has "overreached" in terrorism cases.
Deputy Executive Director Thomas Melia said this is the perfect time for Freedom House — founded by Eleanor Roosevelt — to turn its sights on the United States. Not only is it an election year, but also the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
AuGmENTor
And from the Captain Obvious Files...


Three ingredients make up this creamy body butter: the lotion base, fragrance, and color.
Add body butter to your product line with this easy body butter making project. This project uses Crafter's Choice Silky Body Butter that contains sunflower oil for its moisturizing characteristics. The base is silky smooth, and it is enhanced in this project with the refreshing aroma of peaches and white wine. Finish with a little orange color and then it's ready for packaging. The containers included in this project are clear heavy wall plastic jars with white dome caps.
You Save $13.45 by purchasing this kit rather than buying the items separately.
COMMENTS: Made this and it came out so perfect. Sold them and they are all gone, will buy again !
COMMENTS: I love this stuff. It flew off the shelf. For my location people prefer 4 oz jars. So I split it up and so I had more jars available.i will continue this unless someone orders a large size. Will be ordering soon.
COMMENTS: As I am trying my had at making body butter I love the ease of being able to make one with a kit that produces such a great product. The base is very moisturizing and I do love the Peaches fragrance. I would put it in smaller jars on my next batch. I will definitely purchase this kit again.
COMMENTS: I ordered this kit as a way to introduce myself to the body butter and general supplies included. It was so easy to put together this kit and make a product so nice. I loved the peach fragrance from the bottle, but not so much after using it in the body butter. It was just a bit strong for my taste. BUT I love the body butter and the fact that this kit had everything you need without having to purchase more product than you need. Ordering this kit allowed me to experience all the enclosed products without a large investment. Now I know which ones I want to reorder in larger quantities. Overall, both thumbs up!
COMMENTS: This turned out so well I am buying the butter alone and also using smaller jars to sell. A little goes a very long way and the jar I gave as gift they fell they could eat it-it's quite lovely and I want some for me. I plan to incorporate this in other products as well.
COMMENTS: FANTASTIC kit. Easy to use and product is silky and smooth. Best seller!!
COMMENTS: Absolutely devine!! From scent to base (added to my own body butter recipe for added thickness). Into 4oz portions gone all but one!! So simple high quality. Very happy to have found this site saving loads on time ingredients and more! Thank you!!!
COMMENTS: This is an easy kit to do!!! I love the base...nice and soft for the skin. It is easily absorbed into the skin. I loved the fragrance. It is a nice peach fragrance. I would recommend this product!
COMMENTS: Very quick, simple, and decadent. Love the rich creaminess and the intoxicating peach scent. Smells like a peach Jolly Rancher. I purchased this for resale but definitely decided to reserve some for my family. We all love this product!


text:
Quality of life in Wilson's disease
RN Komal Kumar1, AB Taly1, K.P.S Nair2, S Sinha1, LK Prashanth1, N Vidya1, GR Arunodaya1, S Rao3
1 Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
2 Department of Psychiatric and Neurological Rehabilitation, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
3 Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and NeuroSciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
Date of Submission 10-Dec-2007
Date of Decision 17-Feb-2007
A B Taly
Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore - 560 029
Background: Assessment of Quality of life (QoL) is fast assuming significance as the measure of health in many disorders. Aim: To correlate clinical severity and QoL in patients with Wilson's disease (WD). Materials and Methods: We evaluated patients of WD on regular follow up for at least two years and aged over 18 years using Neurological Symptom Score (NSS) for clinical severity and WHO-BREF for QoL at a university teaching hospital. Patients with inability to respond to the questionnaire due to behavioral problems, low IQ or other disease related factors were excluded. These 30 patients (M:F:: 23:7) had a mean age of 27.97 ± 11.16 years at evaluation and the mean duration of treatment of 9.2 ± 6.4 years. Results: All four domains of WHO-QoL-BREF viz., Physical, Psychological, Social and Environmental correlated well with each other ( p < 0.01). The NSS correlated inversely with the physical domain ( p < 0.02), while the duration of treatment had a positive correlation with the physical domain ( p < 0.01). None of the other features of QoL showed any significant correlation with age, NSS or duration of treatment. Conclusion: QoL is complementary to formal neurological assessment and should be routinely incorporated in the evaluation of outcome of patients with WD and other chronic neurological disorders.
Keywords: Quality of life, WHO-BREF, Wilson′s disease
Komal Kumar R N, Taly A B, Nair K, Sinha S, Prashanth L K, Vidya N, Arunodaya G R, Rao S. Quality of life in Wilson's disease. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2008;11:37-40
Komal Kumar R N, Taly A B, Nair K, Sinha S, Prashanth L K, Vidya N, Arunodaya G R, Rao S. Quality of life in Wilson's disease. Ann Indian Acad Neurol [serial online] 2008 [cited 2020 Jan 22];11:37-40. Available from: http://www.annalsofian.org/text.asp?2008/11/1/37/40224
In clinical research, there is a recent shift of trend from the assessment of impairment and disability to measurement of Quality of Life (QoL), since QoL reflects how well the individual is able to cope up in daily life with the burden of the disease and the treatment. QoL has been defined to generally correspond to the total well-being and encompasses both the physical and the psychological determinants such as emotional well being, behavioral competence, sleep and rest, energy and vitality and general life satisfaction. [1] Hence, the assessment of QoL becomes an important tool for neurological disorders that require long-term treatment, since the therapeutics, functional abilities and interaction of the individual with the environment and society must be addressed.
Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare metabolic disorder that leads to the accumulation of copper in tissues and multiple system involvement, the most prominent being liver and brain. A genetic defect at chromosome 13q14.3 results in defective transport of copper across membranes. The deposition of copper in liver occurs early and causes progressive hepatic dysfunction and portal hypertension. Excess copper in brain cells results in neuronal injury and produces motor, intellectual and behavioral dysfunctions. Untreated patients have progressive course and premature death but regular treatment with decoppering agents results in the significant remission of signs and symptoms. Logically, this should result in improvement in the QoL after treatment. However, these patients require taking medication for life long, making frequent visits to hospitals for follow-up and needing to undergo repeated laboratory tests to monitor disease, therapy and side effects of medications. These factors may affect their QoL. A literature search of Pub med with key words "Wilson's disease" and "Quality of Life" did not reveal many reports. [2] Collie in 2005 had addressed the impairment of quality of life in patients with liver disease and cognitive dysfunction and emphasized the need of early diagnosis. [3] This study, therefore, has addressed the issue of QoL in a cohort of patients with WD who were on regular treatment and follow-up at a tertiary care facility.
Patients were selected from a large cohort of WD, followed at a tertiary care University teaching hospital, from south India. The diagnosis of WD was established by clinical features, presence of Kayser-Fleischer (KF) Ring on slit lamp examination, low serum ceruloplasmin and copper and increased 24 h urinary copper excretion. Inclusion criteria for the study were the definite diagnosis of WD and regular follow up for at least 2 years or more and age over 18 years. Patients who were unable to answer the questionnaire due to behavioral problems, low IQ or other disease related factors per se were excluded.
World Health Organization QoL brief questionnaire (WHO-QoL-BREF)
QoL was assessed using self-reported World Health Organization QoL brief questionnaire (WHO-QoL-BREF) [4] [Appendix]. The WHO-QoL-BREF contains one question from each facet relating to QoL, viz., physical, psychological, social and environment relationships and two questions from overall QoL and general health facets of WHOQOL-100 totaling to 26 questions. Each individual assessment has a range of 1-5 where one is worst and five is best score. The questionnaire contains three negatively phrased items and the scoring for these questions were recomputed at the time of analysis.
Neurological symptom score
Neurological impairment and disability were assessed using Neurological Symptom Score (NSS). This score assesses the neurological status of the patient using numerical grade to various neurological signs [5] and includes 14 neurological parameters: speech (0-5), eye movements (0-3), sialorrhea (0-3), deglutition (0-4), bradykinesia (0-3), rigidity (0-3), dystonia (0-3), tremor (0-4), chorea (0-4), dysdiadokinesis (0-3), plantar response (0-1), muscle stretch reflexes (0-2), postural instability (0-4) and gait (0-4). The score ranges from 0 to 46, where zero is the best score and 46 indicates severe disability.
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v10. Mean, range and standard deviation were noted for the continuous variables. The statistical correlation between different domains of QoL and clinical parameters was performed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient test. Pearson correlation coefficient is the measure of linear association between two variables and the values range form -1 to + 1. The sign of coefficient indicates the direction of the relationship and its absolute value indicates the strength, with larger absolute values indicating stronger relationships. The values were considered significant if p ≤ 0.05.
Thirty patients (M:F 23:7) with WD who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited for this study. These patients were on regular decoppering therapy, viz., zinc sulfate and penicillamine for a variable period. Their mean age at the time of evaluation was 27.97 ± 11.16 years (range: 18-62 years). The mean age at onset and diagnosis was 16.8 ± 7.1 years and 20.3 ± 10.7 years, respectively. Hence, the delay in diagnosis was 4.07 ± 6.1 (range: 1 month to 22 years). The mean duration of illness was 11.08 ± 9.31 years, (range: 2-49 years) and duration of treatment was 9.2 ± 6.4 years (range: 2-31 years). All patients except one were from lower socioeconomic status with an annual income of less than INR 20,000 (440 US dollars). Twenty-three patients had neurological involvement, two each had psychiatric, musculoskeletal and multiple system involvement and one patient had predominant hepatic involvement.
The median NSS score was 3 (range: 0-12). The mean scores of different WHO-QoL-BREF domains were as follows: physical (3.65 ± 0.55), psychological (3.53 ± 0.75), social relations (3.93 ± 0.95) and environmental (3.47 ± 0.62). All four domains of QoL effectively correlated with each other [Table - 1]. [Table - 2] shows the relationship between WHO-QoL-BREF domain scores and age, the duration of treatment and NSS reflecting severity of disease. The NSS correlated inversely with the physical domain of QoL. The physical domain had a significant correlation with the duration of treatment ( p < 0.01) and NSS ( p < 0.05). None of the other domains showed any significant correlation with the duration of treatment and NSS. Age did not correlate with any of the domains of QoL [Table - 2].
The traditional assessment in chronic neurological disorders focuses on impairment, disability and survival. This approach ignores the perceptions of the patients. The efficacy and acceptability of any intervention depends upon benefits perceived by the recipient. A wide variety of research designs have been used in QoL research through the years. The number of different instruments or combinations of instruments nearly equals the number of studies conducted. This is primary due to conceptual difficulties and the terminology used by researchers. [6] The Development of WHO quality of life (WHO QoL) scale was required for a genuine internationally accepted QoL assessment. It is an abbreviated version of the WHOQoL-100, developed by WHOQoL group. The WHOQoL-100 encompasses 26 facets that are universally regarded as important in assessing the QoL and four general questions that address over all QoL and health. Four questions regarding each facet are included. The 26 facets were appropriately grouped into four domains: physical, psychological, social relationships and environment. The problem of cultural comparability has been explicitly dealt with in the development of the 100-item WHO QoL. The tool was developed simultaneously across a broad range of member countries, assuring that it could be used more multiculturally and multilingually than any other existing quality of life tool. While the WHOQOL-100 allows a detailed assessment of individual facets relating to quality of life, it is too lengthy to administer for studies where QoL is only one variable of interest. In these instances, assessments will be more willingly incorporated if they are brief, convenient and accurate. Hence, an abbreviated version of the WHOQoL-100, the WHO-QoL-BREF was developed. The WHO-QoL- BREF has been shown to assess adequately domains relevant to QoL in a large number of cultures worldwide. Domain scores produced by the WHO-QoL-BREF have been shown to correlate at around 0.9 with the WHOQoL-100 domain scores, which has itself demonstrated the criterion validity. They have also been shown to display good discrimination validity (ability in discrimination between ill and well respondents), content validity and test - retest reliability. Having an international quality of life assessment such as the WHOQoL makes it possible to carryout QoL research collaboratively in different cultural settings and to directly compare the results obtained in these different settings, hence used in our study.
The concept of QoL is multidimensional and reflects how well an individual can cope with the burden of the disease and treatment. It was defined as the individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns. It is a broad ranging concept, that incorporates the following in a complex manner: individual's physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships, personal beliefs and their relationships to salient features of the environment. [7] This definition highlights the view that QoL is subjective, includes both positive and negative facets of life and is multidimensional. The QoL of an individual depends on functional abilities and the interaction with the environment and society. Wilson's disease produces a wide range of neurological symptoms and signs and can serve as a useful model for chronic disabling disorders. Wilson's disease is an imminently treatable condition and if recognized early it has a very good clinical outcome and impact on QoL. However, occasionally, despite early diagnosis and treatment some patients have a relentlessly progressive course and premature death. Prashanth et al. concluded that around half the patients with severe form of WD improved clinically and radiologically with decoppering therapy. [8]
Currently, QoL is being used as a measure to determine both the impact of various neurological disorders on life of individuals and the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation measures. In a study of patients with multiple sclerosis, higher Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) levels were associated with impaired QoL. [9] Paul et al . [10] observed that QoL was negatively affected by myasthenia gravis with notable differences across domains of functioning sensitive to physical limitation, including ability to engage in physical activities.
In the present study, all domains of QoL co-related with each other [Table - 1] indicating that QoL domains are interlinked and provide a more holistic approach to health. Individuals with limited functional mobility and the ability to interact within their environment and society will most likely perceive their QoL to be poor.
Physical QoL was negatively affected by NSS ( p < 0.01). The higher NSS score means more severe physical problems that would limit the mobility and activity of daily living and is perceived by subjects as poor physical QoL. Physical domain positively correlated with duration of treatment [Table - 2]. The symptoms of WD respond very well to treatment and subjects on treatment for longer duration may have lesser physical symptoms and signs. The physical domain is the only domain affected by duration and severity of disease. The psychological, social and environmental domains of QoL did not relate to severity of disease or duration of symptoms. Further research is required to understand what determines various domains of QoL in subjects with WD. This may help in planning and delivery of services to patients.
Research with regard to QoL in persons with WD is virtually non-existent. Sutcliffe et al . [2] followed 24 patients of WD who underwent liver transplantation between 1988 to 2000. They used 36-Item Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire to assess the QoL among survivors and compared it with the controls and observed that liver transplantation can be safely performed in patients with WD, with excellent long-term results and QoL. It is a self-report generic measure questionnaire containing 36 items organized into 8 domains that cover a wide range of physical activities and psychosocial perceptions including global ratings of general health. However, using WHO QoL, an international quality of life assessment, which has exclusively handled the problem of cross-cultural comparability can make it possible to carryout and compare the QoL research across the world. There are several aspects that have to be studied with regard to QoL from both the cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. The successful management of WD requires more than provision for medical treatment.
Most of the patients with WD were in their third decade and were on regular treatment. According to inclusion criteria, only the selected patients were able to answer the questions independently or were above 18 years of age, thus introducing a bias towards a more stable group of patients. The subjects who were able to understand and able to respond to questionnaire were included and patients who were unable to do so due to disease process per se were not evaluated and hence the QoL in these severely affected patients is likely to be worse and not reflected in the study.
The present study has a few limitations because of the convenient sampling. The data obtained from the patients were not compared with those from normal healthy controls. The sample size is small but WD being a rare disease; it is difficult to have larger numbers in a short study period. Nevertheless, our study adds a new dimension to the assessment of outcome of WD. It strengthens the importance of regular and life-long medications in this group. There is a need to incorporate measures such as QoL in addition to traditional scales of impairment to assess the impact of WD and its treatment on life of these patients.
1. Wenger NK, Mattson ME, Furberg CD, Elinson J, editors. Assessment of quality of life in clinical trials of cardiovascular therapies. New York: Lejacq; 1984.
2. Sutcliffe RP, Maguire DD, Muiesan P. Liver transplantation for Wilson's disease: Long-term results and quality-of-life assessment. Transplantation 2003;75:1003-6.
3. Collie A. Cognition in liver disease. Liver Int 2005;25:1-8. [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT]
4. Development of the world health organization WHO QOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychol Med 1998;28:551-8.
5. Meenakshi-Sundaram S, Taly AB, Kamath V, Arunodaya GR, Rao S, Swamy HS. Autonomic dysfunction in Wilson's disease: A clinical and Electrophysiological study. Clin Auton Res 2002:12:185-9.
6. Hallin P, Sullivan M, Krenter M. Spinal cord injury and quality of life measures: A review of instrument psychometric quality. Spinal Cord 2000; 38:509-23.
7. The world health organization quality of life assessment (WHO QOL): Position paper from the world health organization. Soc Sci Med 1995;41:1403-9.
8. Prashanth LK, Taly AB, Sinha S, Ravishankar S, Arunodaya GR, Vasudev MK, et al. Factors that influence prognosis in severe forms of Wilson Disease. Q J Med 2005;98:557-63.
9. Millen Burger C, Kobelt G. Quality of life and cost of multiple sclerosis. Neurosurg 2002;104:272-5.
10. Paul RH, Nash JM, Cohen RA, Gilchrist JM, Goldstein JM. Quality of life and well being of patients with myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 2001;24:512-6. [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT]
[Table - 1], [Table - 2]
1 Wilson disease: Health-related quality of life and risk for depression
Mark Schaefer,Daniel Nils Gotthardt,Nicole Ganion,Sascha Wohnsland,Jessica Seessle,Wolfgang Stremmel,Jan Pfeiffenberger,Karl Heinz Weiss
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology. 2015;
2 Quality of life in patients with treated and clinically stable Wilsonæs disease
Marina Svetel, Tatjana Pekmezović, Aleksandra Tomić, Nikola Kresojević, Aleksandra Potrebić, Rada Ješić, Vladimir S. Kostić
Movement Disorders. 2011; : n/a
[VIEW] | [DOI]
3 Wilsonæs disease in southern Brazil: A 40-year follow-up study
de Bem, R.S., Muzzillo, D.A., Deguti, M.M., Barbosa, E.R., Werneck, L.C., Teive, H.A.G.
Clinics. 2011; 66(3): 411-416
4 Wilsonæs disease: An Indian perspective
Taly, A.B., Prashanth, L.K., Sinha, S.
5 Quality of life and psychological problems in patients undergoing neurological rehabilitation
Gupta, A. and Deepika, S. and Taly, AB and Srivastava, A. and Surender, V. and Thyloth, M.
Komal Kumar R N
Taly A B
Nair K
Sinha S
Prashanth L K
Vidya N
Arunodaya G R
Rao S
WHO-BREF
Article in PDF (153 KB)


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This book inquires as to whether theological dialogue between Christians and Jews is possible, not only in itself but also as regards the emergence of communities of Messianic Judaism. In light of David Novak's insights, Matthew Levering proposes that Christian theological responses to supersessionism need to preserve both the Church's development of doctrine and Rabbinic Judaism's ability to define its own boundaries.
The book undertakes constructive philosophical theology in dialogue with Novak. Exploring the interrelated doctrines of divine providence/theonomy, the image of God, and natural law, Levering places Novak's work in conversation especially with Thomas Aquinas, whose approach fosters a rich dialogue with Novak's broadly Maimonidean perspective. It focuses upon the relationship of human beings to the Creator, with attention to the philosophical entailments of Jewish and Christian covenantal commitments, aiming to spell out what true freedom involves.
It concludes by asking whether Christians and Jews would do better to bracket our covenantal commitments in pursuing such wisdom. Drawing upon Novak's work, the author argues that in the face of suffering and death, God's covenantal election makes possible hope, lacking which the quest for wisdom runs aground.


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Dynatrace named a Leader in 2022 Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for APM and Observability
Source: Lauren Horwitz -Dynatrace blog
Gartner has named software intelligence company Dynatrace a Leader in the 2022 Magic Quadrant for Application Performance Monitoring (APM) and Observability, with the furthest overall position for Completeness of Vision. In addition, Dynatrace received the highest scores in 4 of 6 use cases in the 2022 Gartner Critical Capabilities for APM and Observability.
Gartner evaluated 19 vendors in its 2022 Magic Quadrant for APM and Observability. It positioned Dynatrace as a Leader, with the furthest position for Completeness of Vision. Moreover, in the 2022 Gartner Critical Capabilities for APM and Observability, a report that accompanies the Magic Quadrant and evaluates the strength of vendors' solutions, the Dynatrace platform received the highest score in four of six use cases: DevOps/AppDev, SRE/Platform Operations, IT Operations, and Digital Experience Monitoring use cases.
"It is an honor to be recognized by industry analysts like Gartner," said Dynatrace SVP of Product Management Steve Tack. "To be recognized as a Leader in this Magic Quadrant 12 out of 12 times, I believe, is a testament to our durable innovation, ability to anticipate the market, and consistent delivery of customer value in a sea of change."
Expanded scope to include observability
This is the first year in which Gartner has expanded the scope of this category to include not only APM but also observability, illustrating the maturation of cloud observability as a discipline. The recognition of Dynatrace, in our opinion, for its Ability to Execute and for Completeness of Vision, also illustrates the unique ability of the Dynatrace platform to deliver answers and intelligent automation from the expanding volume of observability data emanating from modern clouds.
"As the market has moved to modern hybrid and multicloud environments, the data and complexity generated by these clouds have grown exponentially," Tack said. "End-to-end observability is an essential element of modern hybrid and multicloud strategies.
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What influence do pharmaceutical companies have on medical professionals and the health industry in the U.S.?
Dr. Marcia Angell in her book The Truth About the Drug Companies: How They Deceive Us and What to Do About It, published in 2004 by Random House.
Dr. Angell is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Division of Medical Ethics, at Harvard Medical School. In this important interview with Dr. Caldicott, she explains how drug companies propagate the myth that they are "educational institutions," and explores the topics of medical ethics, health policy and the relationship between industry and academic medicine.
This entry was posted on Monday, February 16th, 2009 at 12:00 am	and is filed under Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


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Dangers of a green sheen – the legal and regulatory risks of ESG "greenwashing" in Hong Kong
Recent incidents such as the United Kingdom (UK) Advertising Standards Authority's banning of a bank's advertisements for potentially misleading consumers about its green credentials and the outcry over an automobile company's use of images from nature whilst paying billions in emissions fines, have drawn attention to the issue of "greenwashing". Although Hong Kong does not have any specific laws and regulations against greenwashing, this does not mean that regulators lack tools against companies that make misleading claims.
Codes and guidance
No enforcement to date
Regulation outside the financial sector
Litigation as a means of redress
One of the more acute challenges that Hong Kong has faced is the lack of consistent, available, and reliable information available for investors to incorporate climate-related matters into their decisions. Therefore, as a priority, Hong Kong regulators are implementing globally consistent sustainability reporting standards for listed companies and across the financial industry.
At its core, greenwashing is essentially misrepresentation, and there are avenues that financial regulators can utilise to address greenwashing behaviour, despite the lack of specific legislation, codes and guidelines.
For example, several provisions under the Securities and Futures Ordinance (SFO) impose a statutory duty on those responsible for issuing public communications to take reasonable care in respect of the accuracy of information involved.
Section 107 SFO creates a criminal offence for making fraudulent or reckless misrepresentations inducing another to enter into an agreement for structured products, collective investment schemes, or securities.
Section 298 SFO creates criminal liability against a person disclosing information that, inter alia, is false or misleading as to a material fact which is likely to induce investment decisions or have a material effect on the stock price. Section 277 is the civil counterpart of section 298.
Section 384 SFO makes it an offence for a person, in purported compliance with a requirement, to provide information to a "specified recipient" which they know to be materially false or misleading, or who is reckless in providing the information. A "specified recipient" includes the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, hence the section covers filings with the SFC, stock exchange prospectuses and other listing documents or public disclosure materials. An offence under Section 384 carries a maximum penalty of two years' imprisonment and a fine of HK$1 million.
Section 391 SFO provides that a person responsible for false or misleading communications that may affect the price of securities and futures will be liable to pay damages for any pecuniary loss sustained in reliance on those communications.
Section 213 SFO allows the SFC to bring legal action on behalf of investors who have sustained losses from market misconduct, without the need for a prior ruling by the criminal court or the Market Misconduct Tribunal. The section is intended to benefit the collective interests of investors by providing civil remedies for those who may have sustained relatively small losses and may be discouraged by the time and costs required to litigate themselves. The sections above also include provisions for compensation where an investor has suffered pecuniary loss.
Greenwashing appears to also be caught under the SFC and HKMA's codes and guidance on advertisements and marketing for financial products, albeit in very general terms. Whilst the regulators recognise that advertisements are by nature promotional material intended to arouse investors' interests in a product, it is essential that advertisements present a balanced picture and are not false or misleading nor feature exaggerated claims.
According to the SFC's Code of Conduct For Persons Licensed by or Registered with the SFC, as part of the honesty and fairness principle, a licensed or registered person should ensure that any representations made and information provided to a client (including in advertisements) are not false, misleading, or deceptive. Similar provisions can be found in the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's Code of Banking Practice, the SFC's Fund Manager Code of Conduct and the SFC's Handbook for Unit Trusts and Mutual Funds, Investment-Linked Assurance Schemes and Unlisted Structured Investment Products.
These codes and guidelines do not have the force of law, but regulated institutions which breach them may still face long drawn out investigations and the threat of disciplinary sanctions.
There have been no ESG enforcement cases as yet. While the regulators are introducing increasingly robust ESG disclosure requirements to be in line with their international counterparts, they are also aware that this must be done in a proportionate and pragmatic manner as smaller companies may not have the resources to meet the evolving commitments.
Having said that, as these new requirements roll in, there will be increasing controls around ESG-related disclosures and solicitation for ESG financial products. As a consequence, the risks of being accused of greenwashing will become significant for financial institutions and listed corporations alike.
Unlike in other jurisdictions, Hong Kong does not have a regulatory body or a single piece of comprehensive legislation regulating advertisements. Control of advertising on television and radio comes under the general remit of the Communications Authority whilst advertising content falls under the auspices of the Association of Accredited Advertising Agencies of Hong Kong. The Association publishes codes of practice to which members must adhere.
Outside of the financial and securities realm, the main legislation governing advertising content is the Trade Descriptions Ordinance and is enforced by the Hong Kong Customs & Excise Department.
Under the Trade Descriptions Ordinance, it is an offence to apply a trade description to any goods that is false to a material degree or to use false and misleading trade descriptions on products in advertisements to consumers. The omission or hiding of information, or the provision of ambiguous material information, may constitute a false trade description if it causes the average consumer to enter into a transaction they would not have made otherwise.
This leaves the door open for a consumer or environmental activist to file a complaint of greenwashing with the Hong Kong Customs & Excise Department which may in turn investigate the complaint and take action against the advertiser. The court may also order a person who has suffered from the false trade description to be compensated.
There has so far been no enforcement action concerning greenwashing by the Hong Kong Customs & Excise Department. Typical enforcement actions have been made in respect of exaggerated functionality of products or counterfeit products.
This could be partly due to the fact that whilst the general public's awareness of environment / climate related risks is on the rise, the motivation to adopt green sustainable practices in people's daily lives is still fairly low. This will have an impact on the likelihood of greenwashing complaints being made in the near future.
One notable feature in Hong Kong's litigation landscape is that class actions do not exist and representative proceedings, where claims are aggregated with other claims, are used as a case management mechanism and are themselves rare.
An aggrieved member of the public may initiate proceedings for misrepresentation against a business which has published misleading claims. For a claim of misrepresentation to succeed, it must be demonstrated that one party made a false statement to another with an intention to induce the other to enter into the contract, and that the other was so induced to enter into the contract.
For the average consumer, however, losses suffered by businesses that greenwash may only be minimal and taking action may not be proportionate and cost effective. Smaller claims are usually settled between the businesses and consumers, or alternatively, given the low monetary value, will be dealt with in the Small Claims Tribunal.
As it is often hard for a person to prove that certain statements are in fact greenwashing, and that damages were suffered as a result of the statement, consumers are unlikely to use the courts to seek redress. Instead, a company may see the value in taking action if it suffers reputational damage as a result of investing in, or using products or services supplied by another company, which were falsely claimed as sustainable.
Greenwashing is already a significant risk for financial institutions and listed companies in Hong Kong, as financial and securities regulators are now focused on positioning Hong Kong as the leading ESG finance hub in Asia. This, combined with the existing legal framework and tools available to combat disclosures and dissemination of false and misleading information, means that greenwashing behaviour is unlikely to be tolerated by financial and securities regulators.
Outside of the financial and securities sector, the risk of regulatory or public action for greenwashing behaviour appear to be less significant as the general sentiment on sustainability is less strong. Furthermore, due to costs and difficulties in proving that greenwashing statements are untrue, these types of proceedings by the public are still at their infancy.
Nonetheless, environmental activists can still use public pressure and the media to advocate against companies that greenwash, which can still cause substantial reputational damage to companies caught in its throes.
For a summary of the Hong Kong regulator's various efforts to address the issue of reliable disclosures, please see our ESG Guide – Hong Kong.
Authored by Mark Lin and Stephanie Tsui.
Chris Dobby
Mark Lin
Antonia Croke
Byron Phillips
Stephanie Tsui
Nigel Sharman
Senior Knowledge Lawyer
Keywords Greenwashing, Sustainability, Corporate governance, ESG, Compliance, Disclosure, Regulation, Advertising, Finance
Topics ESG – Environmental, Social, and Governance, Energy Transition, Renewables, Corporate Governance, Green Finance, Social / Sustainability Finance, Consumer Finance, Financial Services Regulatory Investigations and Enforcement, Risks, Disputes and Litigation
Countries Hong Kong


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What Transit Advocates Could Learn from SOPA
A broad coalition of people and Internet companies defeated the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA). What could transit advocacy groups learn from this example?
Diana Lind February 13, 2012
Some 4.3 million people ride the New York City subway every day. Across the U.S., a billion more rely on transportation to get where they need to go. Why haven't we rallied to fight H.R. 7, a House bill that could stop us in our tracks? Flickr/Aperture Agog
The Stop Online Piracy Act was a bill with bipartisan support introduced into Congress in October 2011. What seemed like a well-meaning attempt "to promote prosperity, creativity, entrepreneurship, and innovation by combating the theft of U.S. property" was later deemed a major threat to the Internet community. By January 18, 2012 major Internet organizations such Wikipedia, Reddit and 7,000 smaller sites lobbied the public (and legislators) to stop SOPA and created a one-day black-out of their content. SOPA died an early death.
San Diego Trolley Extension Off to Good Start
Infrastructure Bill Needs Fixing, Critics Say
I asked friends what the transportation advocacy movement could learn from this incredibly successful campaign to defeat a piece of legislation. Many said "nothing," others said, "good question," but one person said "create something that hundreds of millions of people use every day." That struck me as funny. The thing is: millions of Americans use public transportation every day, particularly in our country's largest cities. New York's Penn Station serves 1,000 people every 90 seconds. While it's true that New York is the only American city where less than half the population owns cars, a sizable portion of the American population relies on public transportation. Could America's greatest cities survive without their transportation systems? It's not just people that rely on transit. More than an Internet blackout, transportation stoppages have the power to completely screw up travel, business, food distribution and dozens of other aspects of daily life. Remember the Icelandic ash cloud of 2010? That cancelled more than 60,000 flights and cost the European Union more than $3 billion in lost business.
So why hasn't the transportation community rallied around defeating H.R. 7, the new and completely devastating House transportation bill? Why has it failed to organize all the people who live in cities and depend on the occasional bus or subway ride?
As Next American City's partners Greater Greater Washington and The Transport Politic have reported here and here, H.R. 7 is worth fighting for the way it dismantles decades of investment in transit infrastructure. But aside from calling our representatives, what else can we do? So far the answer has been to settle for the Senate's paltry improvement over this bill, with its ridiculously titled "Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century" bill. Are we happy with that bill or just happy to get something passed?
Isn't it time to take on new tactics? So far, the transit advocacy realm has relied upon phone calls to representatives instead of widespread and mainstream action. What about asking people to refuse to take transit until our transit is properly funded? Maybe that would force transportation authorities to take a stand on this issue and put some skin in the game. What about getting the country's largest employers like Wal-Mart or the USPS to fight for transportation for their employees? What about having Twitter avatars that say Stop H.R. 7?
The response to the House and Senate bills has been pathetic compared to SOPA. We need transportation just as much as we need the Internet and it's time to start acting that way.
What are your ideas of what we can do to make more noise around this issue?
Diana Lind is the former executive director and editor in chief of Next City.
Follow Diana
Tags: infrastructure, public transportation, washington dc, transportation spending, retail, social media, transit stations


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Policy proposal: Reform of nonprofit finance
Nonprofit organisations and charities are an important part of civil society, and often help groups that would otherwise be ignored or forgotten. Supporting a nonprofit, whether by donating money or time, shows what people really care about, be it issues big or small.
A healthy voluntary sector can be a crucial counterweight to government efforts to control society. However, its health is threatened by a disease that needs to be addressed. Since charities are so effective at helping people, governments like to help them out as well and provide some financing. This sounds praiseworthy, but it has dangerous consequences.
There are three problems with government funding of politically active charities, NGOs and pressure groups. Firstly, it subverts democracy and debases the concept of charity. Secondly, it is an unnecessary and wasteful use of taxpayers' money. Thirdly, in funding organisations that share their agendas, politicians effectively discriminate against those who don't.
State funding weakens the independence of charities, making them less inclined to criticise government policy. A government can use money to buy silence and to politicise good causes. Politicians can distort public debate and debase the concept of philanthropy. 'A charity that relies in the main part on taxes', wrote the blogger Guido Fawkes, 'is no more a charity than a prostitute is your girlfriend.'
Worse than that, the government sometimes funds and even creates pressure groups with the intention of creating a 'sock-puppet' version of civil society which creates the illusion of grassroots support for new legislation. These state-funded activists engage in direct lobbying (of politicians) and indirect lobbying (of the public) using taxpayers' money, thereby blurring the distinction between government and voluntary action.
State-funded charities and NGOs often campaign for causes that most voters don't feel particularly enthusiastic about. Foreign aid, climate change, sin taxes, temperance, anti-smoking, 'sustainable development', radical feminism and support for the EU are causes which the political elite believe deserve more widespread support. There is no need to manufacture support for policies which are already popular. Instead, these organisations are likely to argue for causes which are favoured by their political patrons. They typically lobby for bigger government, higher taxes, greater regulation and the creation of new agencies to oversee and enforce new laws. Often, they call for increased funding for themselves and their associated departments. In public choice terms, they are 'concentrated interests' compelling the taxpayer to pay for the implementation of their favoured policies, as well as the costs of the lobbying itself.
These 'sock-puppet' organisations masquerade as groups of ordinary citizens, while promoting the interests of the political elite.
But this is not civil society; it is the muzzling of civil society.
In buying off and excluding independent voices, the authorities weaken the checks and balances upon which democracy depends, and exclude ordinary people (including experts) in favour of those who are unlikely to challenge those who fund them.
If a charity is a state department, then it should be acknowledged as such, and funded by the taxpayer in the normal way. But if it's really a quango masquerading as a charity, then it's disingenuous to present it as part of the voluntary sector.
A government can commission charities to write "independent" reports that validate other "independent" reports commissioned by the government, so that a body of material can be built up to support the government's desired policy. The taxpayer is thus effectively paying for the government to lobby itself.
This is 'public choice' theory in action– state bureaucracies spending money to justify their own existence.
The political elite have an incentive to transmit their message to the public via third parties because voters regard almost anyone as being more trustworthy than politicians. If the government's message is relayed by 'independent' and 'objective' citizen's groups, so much the better.
Notable sockpuppets
The Scottish Government continues to be the primary funder of Alcohol Focus Scotland, with an unrestricted core grant of £472,000 in 2017/18 and £577,000 (78% out of its total income of £736,336) in 2019. This covers all of its staff costs of over £400k, so its employees are all effectively on the public payroll. Scottish Health Action on Alcohol Problems (another group that campaigns to limit the marketing, availability and affordability of alcohol) depended on government funding for 100% of its €200,000 budget in 2019/20, according to the EU Transparency Register.
Both organisations lobbied heavily for one of the Scottish National Party's flagship policies – minimum unit pricing for alcohol – which was introduced in May 2018. When Alcohol Focus Scotland co-hosted the Global Alcohol Policy Conference in Edinburgh in 2015 – an event sponsored by the Scottish Government and NHS Scotland – SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon gave the opening speech and the organisers paid tribute to her 'political courage'.
State-funded lobbying does not get much more blatant than this, although the similarly named Obesity Action Scotland comes close. Founded in 2015 and wholly funded by a grant from the Scottish Government, it campaigns to restrict advertising on unhealthy food, bans on price promotions such as buy-one-get-one free and 'regulations to control portion size'. It says that all this – plus food reformulation and the sugar tax – 'will only be the start' of restrictions on the free market in the name of obesity prevention. All of these policies were included in a consultation document put forward by the Scottish Government in October 2017. Obesity Action Scotland publicly welcomed the proposals and drafted an encouraging consultation response. Its only complaint was that some of the measures did not go far enough. Not surprisingly, all of their demands were met when Scotland's Diet and Healthy Weight Delivery Plan was published the following July.
This kind of activity is relatively new in the area of food, but has long been practised in the field of tobacco. Today, both the Scottish and Welsh governments fund their branches of Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) more heavily than Whitehall funds the English branch. ASH Scotland (an 'independent charity') received £672,441 (68% of its 2019 income) directly from the Scottish Government. It managed to attract only £2417 (0.2%) in voluntary donations.
What must be done
The perfect solution is of course to immediately ban all spending to all charities.
Failing that, the Scottish Libertarians suggest the following measures to help restore the independence of the voluntary sector, safeguard taxpayers' money and rebalance civil society in favour of grass-roots activism.
The government has to stop giving unrestricted grants to charities. Taxpayers' money can only be used to carry out clearly defined public services. Government money should only be given to provide services that the state would otherwise provide. If the restricted grant is provided for services, those services must be clearly defined and assessed upon completion. This certainly does not include unspecific services such as 'raising awareness' and 'advancing the education of the public'. If the state needs to advertise itself, the public should be informed that it is coming directly from government.
At the same time, the government also must not provide any "core" funding. For example, the Scottish Council for Voluntary Organisations is supposed to represent Scottish charities but its basic functions are financed courtesy of the taxpayer with a core grant of £925,000. How can a voluntary sector which can't fund its own representative body inspire any confidence? How can such an organisation be impartial?
Political advertising by government departments must be prohibited. It is wasteful and inappropriate for any arm of government to spend taxpayers' money campaigning for legislation which has neither been subject to a public consultation, nor debated in the Parliament.
All payments made for lobbying must be immediately stopped. This includes firms and consultants engaged in the likes of 'political consultancy', 'stakeholder management', 'strategic communications', 'public affairs', 'policy tracking', 'advocacy', 'strategic counsel' and 'engagement with public policy makers and opinion formers' and other euphemisms.
A corresponding clause must be inserted in all grant agreements, which will explicitly prohibit lobbying costs as an eligible expenditure. That would include payments that:
• support activity intended to influence or attempt to influence Parliament, government or political parties, or attempting to influence legislative or regulatory action,
• the awarding or renewal of contracts and grants, or using grant funding to petition for additional funding;
• using grant funds to directly enable one part of government to challenge another on topics unrelated to the agreed purpose of the grant;
• expenses such as for entertaining, specifically aimed at exerting undue influence to change government policy and so on.
Finally, all public spending for any non-profit organisation over £10,000 must be audited.
Special thanks belongs to the Institute of Economic Affairs for its successful campaign to deal with sockpuppets in England. It's time to do so in Scotland.
Please note that this is a policy proposal that will be discussed at the upcoming AGM. Comments are of course welcome!
Tagged with AGM 2020, Policy
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5 Comments on "Policy proposal: Reform of nonprofit finance"
george morton says
Very well written and informative.
On "voters regard almost anyone as being more trustworthy than politicians", I would limit that to politicians of influential parties.
On acronyms, pardon my ignorance, but wot is the IEA ?
Thank you, it's the Institute for Economic Affairs!
The topic of charity CEO compensation is also worth considering. See e.g. this for comparison: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEO_compensation_among_charities_in_the_United_Kingdom
Stuart Whitby says
While I entirely agree with the statements and recommendations made in this article, I'd ask for the following as a consideration.
I would hope, some day, for a small government, which covers basic services only. I would still ask for taxes to be paid to fund many of the activities currently carried out by government, but with each individual earmarking contributions by percentage to their choice of charities at the time they prevpare their tax return. Those charities can operate in competition with each other to provide services, with open and auditable statements of income, costs, balance and percentage of funds going directly to provision of service.
I'd like to ensure that this possibility is not excluded by the suggested policy.
there are countries where similar schemes already operate, like Slovakia and this is indeed an idea worth exploring – care to create a proposal for next time?
In any case, this is not explicitly excluded by by this policy and is at the worst its adjustment, or rather extension…. but it can be certainly brought up at the AGM as an idea going forward.
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Fordism - Wikipedia
Fordism is a manufacturing technology that serves as the basis of modern economic and social systems in industrialized, standardized mass production and mass consumption. The concept is named after Henry Ford. It is used in social, economic, and management theory about production, working conditions, consumption, and related phenomena, especially regarding the 20th century.[1] It describes an ideology of advanced capitalism centered around the American socioeconomic systems in place in the post-war economic boom.
Fordism is "the eponymous manufacturing system designed to produce standardized, low-cost goods and afford its workers decent enough wages to buy them."[2] It has also been described as "a model of economic expansion and technological progress based on mass production: the manufacture of standardized products in huge volumes using special purpose machinery and unskilled labor."[3] Although Fordism was a method used to improve productivity in the automotive industry, the principle could be applied to any kind of manufacturing process. Major success stemmed from three major principles:
The principles, coupled with a technological revolution during Henry Ford's time, allowed for his revolutionary form of labor to flourish. His assembly line was revolutionary though not original as it had previously been used at slaughterhouses. His most original contribution to the modern world was breaking down complex tasks into simpler ones, with the help of specialised tools.[4] Simpler tasks created interchangeable parts that could be used the same way every time.[5] That allowed for a very adaptable flexibility, creating an assembly line that could change its constituent components to meet the needs of the product being assembled.[4] In reality, the assembly line had existed before Ford, although not in quite the same effectiveness as he would create. His real accomplishment was recognizing the potential by breaking it all down into its components, only to build it back up again in a more effective and productive combination, thereby producing an optimum method for the real world.[4]
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Home/USA/GOP budget conservatives show strength in fight against spending
GOP budget conservatives show strength in fight against spending
WilliamDecember 13, 2022
A group of Republicans in the House and Senate is pressuring GOP leaders to reject a massive year-end government funding bill and resume negotiations in January, when the party will have leverage increased to reduce what they call "unfettered" federal spending.
It's a strategy that sets up a partisan fiscal showdown in the new year, when House Republicans claw back a majority. It also raises the possibility that the government will be strapped for cash if lawmakers fail to reach an agreement in the newly divided Congress.
"There's no reason for us to go down this road," Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, a Democrat of New York, said Monday. He warned that failure to pass a comprehensive fiscal year 2023 spending bill would result in budget shortfalls, including a $10 billion shortfall in the Veterans Administration.
"The brave Americans who have served our country in uniform should never have to suffer the consequences of a lack of government funding," Schumer said. "But unfortunately that's the risk they face right now if we don't finish the job."
But many GOP lawmakers are in no mood to negotiate with Democrats in a post-election "lame duck" Congress, even if it means a spending showdown in January.
A group of fiscally conservative House and Senate lawmakers said waiting until January to complete the fiscal year 2023 funding bill would give the GOP a chance to rein in government spending that has skyrocketed since the start. of the pandemic.
Among those calling for a delay are members of the House Freedom Caucus, who are among the most fiscally conservative lawmakers in Congress. The group warned months ago that Democrats would "explode their spending" during the lame duck session.
"We need a short-term funding bill that empowers the House GOP to fix what Biden broke," said Rep. Chip Roy, a Republican from Texas.
House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, a Republican from California, who is struggling to muster enough votes in his right flank to become president in January, said he approves of bringing the spending bill to the new Congress.
Waiting until January would give Republicans leverage beyond spending levels if they insist on including other high-profile policy initiatives, including border security and energy measures that Democrats have resisted, and language to revoke funding for the tens of thousands of new IRS agents funded by President Biden's green power and tax bill.
"It would be unprecedented for a time when the House would change hands, for us to pass a lame spending bill, so we shouldn't be doing this," said Senator Ron Johnson, Republican of Wisconsin and tax hawk. , to the Washington Times. "I will fully support any efforts by the Senate to pass a bill that will get us into the next Congress so that the House can hopefully pass and pass a much more fiscally responsible spending measure for the rest of the fiscal year. 2023."
Mr Johnson is among half a dozen Republicans who have written to Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, a Republican from Kentucky, opposing reaching a deal with Democrats on a spending bill during lame session.
"The American people sent an unequivocal message in the November midterm elections, making it clear that they wanted a Republican-led House to serve as a check on the unfettered spending of the current government-controlled Congress. Democrats," the group wrote to McConnell.
For the Senate to ram through a so-called "omnibus" bill – which would fund the entire [Democratic] spending program for most of next year – would completely disenfranchise the new Republican House from implementing our shared priorities.
Democrats and Republicans are still trying to reach a year-end agreement on major spending numbers for fiscal year 2023.
The two sides have agreed on $858 billion in defense funding, but fail to reach an agreement on domestic spending and foreign aid.
Republicans oppose Democratic efforts to increase non-military spending to $813 billion, about $26 billion more than the Biden administration's request for fiscal year 2023.
Negotiations continued over the weekend. But as of Monday, there was no deal.
McConnell has warned Democrats they won't get a deal unless they eliminate what Republican lawmakers say is lavish and excessive spending.
The measure would need the support of at least ten Republicans to pass the Senate.
"The commander-in-chief's own party has no right to demand a pile of unrelated freebies in exchange for doing his job and funding our armed forces," McConnell said Monday. "If fellow House and Senate Democrats can come to terms with these realities in the very near future, we may still have a chance to prepare a full-year funding bill that will give our military commanders the certainty they have need to invest, plan and stay competitive with rivals like China. If our fellow Democrats cannot come to terms with these realities, the option will be a short-term partisan funding bill through early next year.
On Monday, Mr. Schumer announced that the Senate would vote on another interim spending measure to maintain government funding for an additional week while lawmakers continue to negotiate.
If no deal is reached and negotiations are pushed back to January, the GOP-led House would face off with the Democratic majority in the Senate on a final spending deal, raising the risk of a stalemate and the possibility of a partial shutdown. politically unpopular government.
Polls often show the public blaming Republicans for spending shutdowns, but conservative groups say the GOP has no choice. The party campaigned on a pledge to use its majority to advance key policy goals in a divided government, including border security and household power generation, adding them to spending bills.
"What's the only leverage Republicans are going to have in the next Congress?" said Cesar Ybarra, vice president of policy at Freedomworks, which advocates for cuts in federal spending. "Republicans are going to use the power of the stock market."
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