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A systematic review of randomized controlled trials for prevention or treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs: 2008-2011 update
Thierry Olivry and Petra Bizikova
Department of Clinical Sciences and Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Correspondence: Thierry Olivry, Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. E-mail: tolivry@ncsu.edu
Background – The management of atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs relies mainly on the use of interventions to reduce pruritus and skin lesions.
Objectives – To provide a critical analysis of recent clinical trials reporting the efficacy and safety of interventions for canine AD.
Methods – Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published, presented or completed between 2008 and 2011, which enrolled dogs with AD. The search was done using electronic databases, reviewing published meeting abstracts and sending queries to professional email lists. Trials reporting the efficacy of interventions aimed at treating, preventing or reducing glucocorticoid usage in atopic dogs were selected.
Results – Twenty-one RCTs were included. We found further moderate-quality evidence of efficacy and safety of oral glucocorticoids and ciclosporin for treatment of canine AD. There was additional moderate-quality evidence of the efficacy of a topical glucocorticoid spray containing hydrocortisone aceponate. Low-quality evidence was found for the efficacy and safety of injectable recombinant interferons, a budesonide leave-on conditioner, a ciclosporin topical nano-emulsion and oral fexofenadine. There is low-quality evidence of efficacy of oral masitinib, with a need for monitoring for protein-losing nephropathy. Finally, we uncovered low-quality evidence of efficacy of a commercial diet as a glucocorticoid-sparing intervention and of a glucocorticoid spray as a flare-delaying measure. Very low-quality evidence was found for the efficacy of other interventions.
Conclusions and clinical importance – Topical or oral glucocorticoids and oral ciclosporin remain the interventions with highest evidence for efficacy and relative safety for treatment of canine AD.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic skin disease of dogs that is currently defined as a genetically predisposed inflammatory and pruritic skin disease, with characteristic clinical features and an association with IgE antibodies most commonly directed against environmental allergens.1 This disease has recently been shown to have a strong impact on the quality of life of both affected dogs and their owners2,3 and, as such, it is probably one of the most important chronic skin diseases of dogs.
Recent international practice guidelines have highlighted the need for a multifaceted line of attack for the management of canine AD.4 Approaches to consider currently include the avoidance of flare factors, an increase in skin and coat hygiene and care, the control of skin infections and the use of pharmacotherapy to alleviate skin lesions and manifestations of pruritus.4 To reduce signs immediately during acute flares of AD, topical and/or oral glucocorticoids are suggested.4 For long-term pharmacological treatment of chronic or recurrent signs of canine AD, oral and/or topical glucocorticoids, topical tacrolimus, oral ciclosporin and injectable interferons are currently recommended.4 Finally, additional strategies are also used to prevent the recurrence of clinical signs.4
The recommendations for specific drugs included in the 2010 guidelines derived principally from two systematic reviews of interventions to treat dogs with AD. The first review, published in 2003,5 analysed results of clinical trials testing pharmacological interventions, whether the trials were randomized or not; it did not discuss studies evaluating the efficacy of essential fatty acid (EFA) formulations or allergen-specific immunotherapy, and it was limited to clinical trials published in peer-reviewed journals.5 In 2010, an international collaboration published a second systematic review using the more stringent methodology and the support of the Cochrane Skin Group.6 That study was limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and there were no restrictions on publication type and status, languages or types of interventions.6 In that review, database searches were done in 2005 for trials from 1980 to 2004, and RCTs published in 2005, 2006 and 2007 were included in a prospective fashion. In all, 49 RCTs were scrutinized.6
To determine the efficacy of interventions to treat or prevent skin lesions and/or pruritic manifestations of canine AD, we carried out a systematic review of recent RCTs that had enrolled atopic dogs of any age and disease severity. These trials had to be completed, presented or published between 2008 and 2011. This paper serves, therefore, as an update of the previous systematic review.6 This article is written according to the reporting standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses set up by the latest 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.7
Protocol and registration
With minor changes in outcome measures and study selection criteria, the protocol for this systematic review was nearly identical to that of a recent publication.6 Owing to the lack of availability of online repositories accepting the advanced publication of veterinary systematic review protocols, it could not be published before this review was conducted.
Types of studies.
In this systematic review, we included solely RCTs of interventions aimed at treating or preventing AD in dogs. As our latest systematic review focused on trials published or presented from the early 1980s until the end of 2007,6 we limited our present analysis to trials published, presented or completed between 2008 and 2011, both years included. There were no language or publication status restrictions. Finally, we excluded studies that had been presented at meetings before 2007, and which had already been discussed in our 2010 review.6
Types of participants.
As done previously,6 dogs had to be diagnosed with AD based on (as minimal criteria) the presence of characteristic clinical signs and the exclusion of pruritic dermatoses of similar appearance.8,9 The fulfilment of published diagnostic criteria such as those of Willemse10, Prélaud et al.11 or Favrot et al.12 was considered acceptable if non-AD pruritic diseases had also been excluded according to current standards. If the RCT had enrolled dogs with different diagnoses (e.g. AD and other diseases or pruritic dogs without further diagnostic characterization), the study was excluded. We also eliminated four trials that enrolled laboratory dogs with experimentally induced atopic skin lesions.
Types of interventions.
Randomized controlled trials had to report either the treatment or prevention of manifestations of pruritus and/or skin lesions of canine AD. There was no restriction on the route or type of intervention. Comparators could either consist of a relevant placebo or an active medication, be it a different dose of the same drug or an intervention already recommended for treatment of canine AD.4
As done in our preceding systematic review,6 RCTs were categorized at 'short-term' if they lasted 8 weeks or less and 'long-term' if their duration extended beyond 8 weeks. We also separated studies aimed at preventing flares of canine AD from those designed to relieve existing signs (i.e. treatment sensu stricto).
Types of outcome measures.
As in our recent review,6 included studies had to report an assessment of the extent and/or intensity of pruritus and/or skin lesions after a preventive or therapeutic intervention. Trials solely reporting the safety of an intervention were not reviewed further.
Primary outcome measures were similar to those used recently, while secondary outcome measures were expanded from previous ones.6 Primary outcome measures consisted of the proportion of dogs with a good-to-excellent improvement at study end using a categorical global assessment scale assessed by either investigators (primary outcome 1a) or dog owners (primary outcome 1b).
As secondary outcome measures, we determined the percentage of dogs with complete – or near complete – remission of signs, as estimated by a reduction of 90% or more from baseline investigator-graded lesional (secondary outcome 1a) or owner-rated pruritus scores (secondary outcome 1b). We also extracted from the RCTs the percentage of dogs with a 50% or greater reduction from baseline of investigator-graded lesional (secondary outcome 2a) or owner-rated pruritus scores (secondary outcome 2b). In the absence of universally accepted validated severity scales for evaluating skin and pruritus in dogs with AD, the outcome measures listed above were determined from values assessed with any scoring scheme used by the study authors, but only if there were more than 10 possible grades of severity in the scales utilized.
Furthermore, whenever RCTs employed validated scales, such as the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index version 3 (CADESI-03)13,14 and Hill's Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS),15,16 for which thresholds for normal dogs have been established, we added four other secondary outcome measures. For these RCTs, we calculated the percentage of dogs that, at trial's end, had CADESI-03 values in the range of those of normal dogs (0-15; secondary outcome 3a) or of dogs with mild AD (16-59; secondary outcome 4a). Likewise, we determined the percentage of dogs with a PVAS in the range of that of normal dogs (0-1.9; secondary outcome 3b) or dogs with mild pruritus (i.e. the value anchored by the third lowermost descriptor, 2-3.5; secondary outcome 4b). We also calculated these outcome measures for other scales if there were clearly indicated benchmarks for the absence of signs (or normal dog status) and/or for mild AD.
Finally, for glucocorticoid-sparing effect trials and prevention studies, we used different outcome measures that appeared to be more clinically relevant for these unique study designs. These ad hoc outcome measures were the glucocorticoid dosage at study end and the time to relapse, respectively.
Whenever possible and to provide a better comparison of the efficacy between different interventions tested in placebo-controlled RCTs, we calculated numbers needed to treat (NNT) based on each of the available outcome measures. However, to limit the lack of relevance of NNTs because of a high random chance placebo effect in RCTs with small group sizes,17 NNTs were calculated only for large trials with more than 50 dogs per group.
Each NNT was calculated as follows.18
1 The average benefit increase (ABI) of the intervention over placebo equals the percentage of dogs with positive outcome in the active intervention-treated group (i.e. the experimental event rate) minus the percentage of dogs with positive outcome in the placebo-treated group (i.e. the control event rate)
2 The NNT, which is the inverse (i.e. reciprocal) of the ABI, equals one divided by the ABI.
3 The NNT was rounded up to the next integer.
As an example, in the context of this review, an NNT of 'n' could be interpreted as follows: a veterinarian would have to treat 'n' dogs with AD with the active intervention to obtain one additional positive outcome over treatment with placebo. The lower the NNT, the stronger the treatment effect over placebo.
Finally, in this review, we extracted and reviewed adverse events following each nonplacebo intervention.
Studies were identified by searching three databases (Medline via PubMed, Thomson Reuters' Web of Science and CAB Abstract via EBSCO Host) for the period between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2011. Searches were done once on 2 January 2012.
Additionally, we searched online published abstracts from the three leading veterinary dermatology international congresses: the World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology (WCVD, 2008), the annual joint congresses of the European Society of Veterinary Dermatology (ESVD) and European College of Veterinary Dermatology (ECVD) of 2009, 2010 and 2011, as well as those of the North American Veterinary Dermatology Forum (NAVDF) held annually between 2008 and 2011.
To identify RCTs that had not yet been published or presented, we sent an email twice (18 December 2011 and 3 January 2012) to the three main veterinary dermatology lists (Vetderm, DipECVD and Dipderm) requesting colleagues to provide information on recently completed studies. Finally, we contacted, by email, representatives of three companies known to the authors to have completed relevant RCTs.
The same search was done with the three electronic databases, with the goal of having a simple yet very sensitive strategy that yielded a maximum of species- and disease-specific citations. The terms employed were as follows: (dog or dogs or canine) and (atopic and dermatitis). We added a date limit from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2012, but there were no language or publication type restrictions. The search was done by one author (T.O.) and verified by the co-author (P.B.).
Study selection
As done for our 2010 Cochrane-style systematic review,6 the titles of all electronic citations and meeting abstracts were first scanned for identification of clinical trials. Then, abstracts and/or article full texts were assessed to determine whether or not the study was an RCT, if it had enrolled solely dogs with AD, and if it had reported efficacy outcome measures. Furthermore, meeting abstracts and electronic article citations were matched for the identification of duplicate studies. The trial selection was not blinded, but it was done independently by the two authors; disagreements were resolved by consensus. Reasons for exclusion were recorded.
Data collection process
One of the authors first assessed study characteristics and extracted outcome measures, while the other assessed the risks of bias; then they reversed roles and verified each other's extracted data. Discrepancies were identified and resolved by consensus.
When information was insufficient to assess outcome measures from the published or presented data, study authors were contacted by email. In the event of a lack of reply within 2 weeks, a second request was sent. When authors further declined to provide the requested information or original data, the mention 'not provided upon request' was added to the tables or the study was excluded from review, depending upon the amount of information available for analysis. The extracted data were entered in tables similar to those of the 2010 review.6
The following parameters were extracted from each article and/or from information obtained from the authors: objective of the study (treatment or prevention of AD); study design (parallel or crossover); duration of the trial; type of duration (short or long term); characteristics of study participants (number of dogs, their age range, type of AD etc.); type of intervention (treatment or prevention, including dose, duration and frequency); type of outcome measure; and funding source.
Risk of bias in individual studies
To determine the validity of eligible RCTs, the adequacy of several parameters known to affect bias was assessed as done previously.5,6 The following parameters were rated as 'none', 'adequate', 'unclear' or 'inadequate': (i) method of generation of randomization sequences; (ii) method of concealment of allocation to treatment groups; (iii) masking of intervention for observers (e.g. clinicians) and participants (e.g. dog owners); (iv) inclusion of cases lost to follow-up in intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses; and (v) degree of certainty that the participants were affected with AD, as judged by the author's description.
The parameters 'comparison of groups at baseline' and 'assessment of compliance' were also added to the appraisal of study design.
Three of the parameters above (randomization method, masking and ITT) were used for an overall evaluation of study quality. When these parameters had been rated as 'adequate or performed', the RCT was graded as 'high quality'; when they were all rated as 'inadequate or unclear', the study was graded as 'poor'; and when only one or two of three parameters was assessed as 'inadequate or unclear', the RCT was graded as being of 'intermediate' quality.
Planned methods of analysis
As no two studies appeared to test similar interventions and/or used sufficiently similar designs, pooling of data for meta-analysis was not attempted. As a result, between-RCT variability (i.e. heterogeneity or inconsistencies) was not calculated. Nevertheless, whenever available, we compared dichotomous primary outcome measures between interventions using the Mantel–Haenszel (M-H) test; results are presented as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in the figures. These analyses were done using RevMan 5.0 analysis software (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark).
Risk of bias across studies
In the absence of availability of published clinical trial protocols before the final results were eventually reported, the authors could not compare whether the outcome measures published matched those planned at study onset. However, the outcome measures reported in the study methods were matched to those of the results section. We also assessed whether the reported outcome measures were consistent with those employed in recent RCTs enrolling dogs with AD and if they appeared clinically relevant.
Additional analyses
Owing to the heterogeneity of interventions and study designs, sensitivity, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were not conducted.
The search of Medline, Web of Science and CAB Abstract databases yielded a total of 672 citations, while 406 congress abstracts were available after examination of their online publication (Figure 1). Five replies were received from queries sent to the three veterinary dermatology lists. Among all citations, there were 48 clinical trials with atopic dogs, of which 18 were excluded because of lack of fulfilment of inclusion criteria. We subsequently eliminated seven RCTs that had been presented at congresses and later published as full papers (Figure 1). Owing to insufficient data available for full review and analysis, we also removed one published and one presented RCT.19,20 The remaining 21 RCTs are reviewed herein.
Figure 1. Flow diagram of study selection. Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; and RCTs, randomized controlled trials.
Details of study methodology, participants, interventions and funding sources can be found in Table 1.
Table 1. Characteristics of included studies
Publication status.
All but one study included in this review were RCTs reported in English; one was in Italian. At the time of writing, 16 trials had been published in full in peer-reviewed journals, three were published only as abstracts,21–23 one was accepted for publication at the time of selection24 and one had neither been published nor presented, but study details were provided for our review in response to an email request to the vetderm list (A. Puigdemont, personal communication 2012).
Of 21 RCTs, there were 17 that used a parallel design of two groups or more, while the remaining four were cross-over trials (Table 1). Fourteen studies had interventions that were shorter than 8 weeks, hence were categorized as 'short term'; the other seven lasted from 2 to 9 months (i.e. 'long-term' studies). While the abstract from one relapse prevention study did not specify the duration of the trial,24 it clearly lasted more than 2 months.
Participants.
The number of subjects varied among RCTs (average, 42; median, 30; range, 10-316; Table 1). The lowest number of dogs in a treatment group was five (T-cell receptor peptide group22) and the highest was 202 (masitinib group25). Only six of 21 RCTs (29%) performed or reported a power analysis to justify subject numbers in each treatment group.25–30 All but one trial enrolled dogs with nonseasonal AD, while the last looked at the effect of an intervention to prevent recurrence of signs in dogs with predefined seasonal AD.31
Several studies added further limitations to their enrolment criteria. One trial of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) selected only dogs with demonstrable hypersensitivity to Dermatophagoides farinae house dust mites.32 One RCT selected only dogs with pedal lesions,21 another selected dogs with at least mild signs,30 while four studies enrolled dogs with moderate to severe AD (A. Puigdemont, personal communication 2012).25–27 Finally, two trials needed dogs to have signs for a minimal duration before selection (6 months33 and 1 year22).
Interventions.
All but four studies tested the efficacy – and safety – of various types of topical, oral or injectable interventions for treatment of canine AD (Table 1). Two trials investigated the effect of dietary interventions for their potential reducing effect on concurrently given oral glucocorticoids.23,27 Finally, two RCTs examined the outcome of interventions aimed at preventing the recurrence of flares of AD (i.e. prevention studies).24,31
Outcome measures.
As indicated in Table 1 and per selection criteria, all studies reported one or more outcome measures of efficacy. In general, these included the evolution, over the duration of the tested intervention(s), of pruritus and/or skin lesions scores (Table 1). To these were added, in five RCTs (Table 1), owner- and/or investigator-assessed global assessment ratings.21,25-27,30 In one study, the evaluation of quality of life (QoL) was also added.28 The two studies on glucocorticoid-sparing effect logically included the evaluation of the reduction in the dosage of oral glucocorticoids.23,27 Finally, one of the two prevention studies used 'time to relapse necessitating treatment' as a logical and relevant outcome measure for that particular design.24
Of the RCTs that tested the evolution of skin lesions over time, the validated third version of the CADESI score was used in 10 studies,21-24,26,27,29,30,34,35 while five trials employed the second version of this scale, which had limited validation.25,31,33,36,37 Four trials employed unvalidated scales modified from the first, second or third versions of the CADESI – the so called 'modified CADESI' or 'mCADESI' – having changed the type of lesions, the body sites and/or the severity rating used (A. Puigdemont, personal communication 2012).28,38,39 One trial employed a scale derived from the 'six area six signs AD' (SASSAD) used in human patients with AD even though this scale had not been validated beforehand for canine AD.32 Finally, one study used a simple but not validated six-point categorical scale.40
Of 20 RCTs that tested the efficacy of interventions on pruritus, 16 used the evolution of scores obtained on a visual analog scale (VAS), which varied between 5 and 20 cm; only three22,29,30 used the PVAS developed and validated by Hill and colleagues,15 even though it was first published in 2007 before some of these RCTs were designed. Finally, three trials used other ad hoc unvalidated pruritus scales.35,38,40
Funding.
One trial was funded by a grant from the government of the Republic of Slovenia,37 while all others were funded by pharmaceutical companies.
Details on each study's randomization method, intervention masking, loss to follow-up, diagnosis certainty, baseline group comparison, compliance assessment and overall quality rating can be found in Table 2.
Table 2. Assessment of study design
In summary, out of 21 RCTs, only one had an overall quality rated as 'poor',33 seven were given an 'intermediate' rating,31,35-40 and the remaining 13 had the highest quality mark (Table 2). The most common reason for not attributing this 'high-quality' rating was a lack of performance of ITT analyses.33,35,36,38
Results of individual studies
As in our recent systematic review,6 individual trials will be discussed below in groups testing similar interventions within three larger subheadings: (i) treatment; (ii) glucocorticoid sparing; and (iii) prevention RCTs. Details on study design and quality assessment can be found in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.
Interventions for treatment of clinical signs
Glucocorticoids.
Two RCTs used an oral glucocorticoid as control for another intervention,37,39 while four tested the efficacy of a topical glucocorticoid (Table 3).21,26,28,30
Table 3. Randomized controlled trials evaluating interventions for treatment effect
One study reported the efficacy of methylprednisolone (Medrol; Pharmacia, Luxemburg, Luxemburg),37 while the second used prednisone (Encorton; Polfa Pharmaceuticals, Lublin, Poland).39 In both studies, drug dosages and protocols corresponded to those employed and recommended in recent practice guidelines.4 In these two small trials, the frequencies of dogs that achieved positive outcomes (Table 3) are in the range of those found after similar interventions (reviewed by Olivry et al.6). The results suggest treatment efficacy even though the glucocorticoids were not compared with placebo but were used as positive comparators for another intervention. Adverse effects reported in the publications were those expected for oral glucocorticoids.37,39
Three RCTs reported efficacy data for the same novel diester glucocorticoid spray that contains 0.0584% hydrocortisone aceponate (Cortavance; Virbac, Carros, France),21,26,30 while one tested the effectiveness of a novel glucocorticoid leave-on conditioner containing 0.025% budesonide (Barazone; Dermcare-Vet, Springwood, Queensland, Australia; Table 3).28 Three studies were placebo controlled,21,26,28 while one used ciclosporin as the active control.30 One trial focused on pedal pruritus and skin lesions;21 two had a crossover design.21,28
In two studies, the hydrocortisone aceponate spray appeared to be more effective than placebo for nearly all outcome measures (Table 3 and Figures 2 and 3).21,26 The magnitude of the effect was dampened by the small size of each treatment group, this being shown by the very large confidence interval bracketing the relative risk (Figures 2 and 3). In the largest trial, the outcome measures of efficacy were comparable between the glucocorticoid spray and ciclosporin.30 The safety of this diester glucocorticoid spray was found to be acceptable, with the lack of report of relevant adverse drug events.21,26,30 Remarkably, skin thinning was not reported with this formulation, even after 3 months of usage at frequencies varying from once daily to twice weekly.30
Figure 2. Forest plot of the primary outcome measure 1a: clinician global assessment of efficacy. In this figure, the event rate represents the number of dogs for which clinicians reported a good-to-excellent response at trials' end. In these plots, the vertical line ('1') represents the 'no effect' line. The horizontal bar spanning the blue squares highlights the confidence interval of the risk ratio (i.e. treatment effect). In this graph, the size of the blue square was not made proportional to the size of the study. Interventions 1 and 2 are the ones listed in the second column. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCA, hydrocortisone aceponate; and M-H, Mantel-Haenszel test.
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Archive for the 'Film Festivals' Category
Punto de Vista Film Festival Celebrates Films of Pema Tseden
Pema Tseden (Wanma Caidan)
The 2014 edition of the Punto de Vista Film Festival of Navarra, Spain, is an international seminar focusing on works of documentary from around the world. This year's seminar spotlights the career of Tibet-based filmmaker Pema Tseden (Wanma Caidan) and his three feature films, The Silent Holy Stones, The Search, and Old Dog. (The latter two films are part of the dGenerate Films collection.)
As part of the program, the Festival commissioned a booklet featuring an interview with Pema Tseden by film scholar and critic Zhang Ling and an original essay appreciation of his films by filmmaker and critic Dan Sallitt. The following excerpt of Sallitt's essay is reprinted here with permission of the Festival and the author:
Pema Tseden's misfortune is that he will likely be pigeonholed for the foreseeable future as the most important Tibetan filmmaker; whereas he required only a few films to establish himself as one of the best and most confident filmmakers anywhere in the world.
His first feature, The Silent Holy Stones (2005), presents all the elements of Tseden's style in mature form: a weighty compositional sense that combines spectacular depiction of landscape and a precise deployment of his human subjects; the use of strongly conceptual material in which the central concept is overstated and reiterated, both for comedy and as a distancing effect; a humorous use of repeated actions and fixity of behavior; a figural approach to performance that renders the difference between actors and non-actors immaterial; and a pessimistic vision of the frailty of spiritual values in the face of worldly desire.
2009's The Search follows The Silent Holy Stones in its focus on the role of fiction and storytelling in our lives, but the later film veers away from conventional narrative and adopts an abstract, cyclical structure that seems at once primitive and experimental.
After this feint toward the boundaries of narrative, Tseden's most recent film, Old Dog (2011), unexpectedly applies his approach and concerns to an elemental drama that, through the dogged, minimalist cadences of Tseden's story construction and the grandeur of his compositions, acquires the force of mythology.
The Punto de Vista Film Seminar will be held from February 19-22 in Pamplona. Details here.
Posted in dGenerate Titles, Film Festivals, Film Reviews | No Comments »
Updates on Chinese Film Festival Studies: Festival Reports and Conference
Our friends at the Chinese Film Festival Studies Research Network website announce that April 1, 2014, the University of Hong Kong and the Chinese Film Festival Studies Network will host a one-day conference on Chinese film festivals. This is open to non-network members, and we invite proposals for papers to be presented. Details can be found on the News section of the website.
Additionally the website has two new festival reports from members of the Chinese Film Festival Studies network:
Dina Iordanova (St Andrews) reviews the Festival du Cinema Chinois in Paris, which took place in November 2013.
Ma Ran (Nagoya) reports from the 4th Chinese Independent Film Festival in Tokyo, which took place in December 2013. Excerpt:
The festival itself is motivated by the desire to establish Sino-Japan connections at a grassroots level, where communication is greatly valued and prioritized. Hence throughout the years, CIFFT has alternated routine Q&A sessions with Chinese independent cinema-themed discussion roundtables or events of similar nature in its programme (sometimes collaborating with universities), where Japanese film professionals (independent filmmakers, translators, scholars and festival programmers) and Chinese filmmakers can honestly dialogue and exchange ideas with each other.
Visit the Chinese Film Festival Studies Research Network.
Posted in Academic Resources, Chinese Cinema Events, Film Festivals | No Comments »
LA Times on the hardships of Chinese independent film festivals
Following the recent difficulties faced by the Beijing Independent Film Festival, Gabrielle Jaffe of the Los Angeles Times summarizes the BIFF's latest run-in with local officials, while linking it to the setbacks of other Chinese independent film festivals:
Taking place in the national capital, in the shadow of central government offices, BIFF has been subject to more intense scrutiny than other independent cinema gatherings in China. But it is hardly the only such event that has had to cancel or move semi-underground. Independent festivals in Chongqing, Nanjing and Yunnan have all faced full or partial closures in the last year.
dGenerate's Karin Chien is interviewed specifically regarding the troubles of the Chinese Independent Film Festival, which normally runs every fall:
Taking place in the national capital, in the shadow of central government offices, BIFF has been subject to more intense scrutiny than other independent cinema gatherings in China. But it is hardly the only such event that has had to cancel or move semi-underground. Independent festivals in casino Chongqing, Nanjing and Yunnan have all faced full or partial closures in the last year.
"CIFF has cooperated with local authorities, left the most politically sensitive films off the official program and even shown dragon-seal movies," or films with the official government stamp of approval, said Karin Chien, president of Chinese independent film distributor dGenerate Films. "In the past, these concessions have allowed CIFF to continue to exist. But in the recent climate, CIFF has had to concede substantial components, like public forums and screenings, of their festival too."
Read the full report.
Posted in Chinese Cinema Events, Film Festivals | No Comments »
No Apologies: Ai Weiwei Makes Surprise Visit to BIFF Closing Night
By Lydia Wu
Beijing Independent Film Festival organizer Li Xianting introduces surprise guest Ai Weiwei at the 10th BIFF closing ceremonies. (Photo: Chen Yanzi)
On August 31st in the secluded courtyard of the Li Xianting Film Fund in Beijing's suburb of Songzhuang, the 10th Beijing Independent Film Festival closed on a high note, and with an unexpected guest. Like last year a BBQ closing party brought the Chinese independent filmmaking and contemporary art circles back together. Chatting, beer and roasted kebabs created an atmosphere of ease contrary to the stress of the opening. Into this scene walked icon of Chinese contemporary art Ai Weiwei, accompanied by BIFF organizer Li Xianting. Since his release from prison last year, Ai has been mostly restricted to his quarters in Caochangdi, an urban village and arts community on the northeastern suburbs of Beijing. His behavior has been closely monitored by local authorities, who forbade him to enter Songzhuang. Although the Ai Weiwei documentary biography Never Sorry was selected by the 9th BIFF last year, he was unable to show up. There was no expectation that Ai would visit, and it immediately caused a stir among the attendees.
Posted in Film Festivals | No Comments »
Surviving in the Shadows: the Beijing Indie Festival Shutdown in Context
Wednesday, October 3rd, 2012
In the website The China Story, film scholar Ying Qian offers an account of this year's Beijing Independent Film Festival, placing it within a larger context of the emergence of the Chinese independent filmmaking scene in the Beijing artist district of Songzhuang. An excerpt:
I first visited Song Zhuang in 2009, when I was pursuing my work on independent Chinese documentary films. At the time, I noted the advantageous location of Song Zhuang. Traditionally, provincial border areas served as a refuge for people who wished to avoid the authorities. The situation of Song Zhuang on the periphery of Hebei province and the municipality of Beijing meant that at first neither Beijing nor Hebei had much interest in regulating the area.
19 Chinese language films at the Vancouver International Film Festival
The Vancouver International Film Festival (VIFF), which runs from September 27-October 12, 2012, features 19 Chinese language titles hailing from mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Malaysia. VIFF has long been one of the premier annual North American showcases for Chinese and Asian cinema. Here are links to the program descriptions for all of the Chinese-language selections, written by VIFF programmer Shelly Kraicer.
Documentaries from China:
Three Sisters dir: Wang Bing
When the Bough Breaks dir: Ji Dan
People's Park dirs: J.P. Sniadecki & Libbie Cohn
Posted in Chinese Cinema Events, Film Festivals, Shelly Kraicer on Chinese Film | No Comments »
Videos and Award Winners of Beijing Independent Film Festival
Friday, August 31st, 2012
By Kevin B. Lee
Here are two videos I produced while attending the 9th Beijing Independent Film Festival in August. The first, produced for Fandor, captures a first-hand instance of the kind of official monitoring and pressure experienced by the festival organizers and participants. It also makes reference to the recent problems faced by independent filmmakers Ying Liang and Hu Jie, both of whose films are distributed by dGenerate.
The second video, produced for the British Film Institute Sight & Sound magazine, goes further into the details of the festival's cancellations, with exclusive video footage of the events, as well as four standout films from the festival lineup.
A second video and full list of the award winners can be found after the break.
Old Dog a Hit at Brooklyn Film Festival; Screens Next Week at Northside Festival
Indiewire lends a double dose of coverage to Pema Tseden's Old Dog on its New York festival premiere at the Brooklyn Film Festival. The film screens in New York City again next Monday June 18 at the Northside Festival in Brooklyn.
In his review of the film, Indiewire critic Christopher Bell gives the film an "A" rating, declaring it "a true gem and the mark of an especially skilled director."
Posted in dGenerate Events, dGenerate Titles, Film Festivals, Film Reviews | No Comments »
Ji Dan Awarded Top Prize at Millenium International Documentary Film Festival
"When The Bough Breaks" (dir. Ji Dan)
Ji Dan, whose film When The Bough Breaks unfolds the story of a family enmeshed in a struggle of harrowing personal and financial stakes, was awarded the top prize at the 2012 Millenium International Documentary Film Festival in Brussels. Lauded for is technical and artistic merits, as well as close examination of some of China's most wide-reaching social issues, the film was awarded the Objectif d'or earlier this month.
Posted in Chinese Cinema Events, Chinese Cinema Today, Film Festivals | No Comments »
Pema Tseden at SFIFF
The San Francisco International Film Festival will screen Pema Tseden's Old Dog this Friday, with a special appearance by the filmmaker.
Pema Tseden

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Nano Tool: The Good Apology
Contributor: Adam Galinsky, Vikram S. Pandit Professor of Business and chair of the Management Division at the Columbia Business School; Maurice Schweitzer, Cecilia Yen Koo Professor at the Wharton School: authors of Friend & Foe: When to Cooperate, When to Compete, and How to Succeed at Both.
Nano Tools for Leaders® are fast, effective leadership tools that you can learn and start using in less than 15 minutes — with the potential to significantly impact your success as a leader and the engagement and productivity of the people you lead.
The Goal:
Improve your apologies to move more quickly past mistakes and rebuild relationships.
Nano Tool:
Any violation of a customer's or colleague's trust places your relationship at risk. In the unstable aftermath, former friends can easily become foes. But quick, effective repair efforts can tip the balance back to a positive relationship, and even improve your image. Often it is the recovery effort, rather than the violation, that matters most. The simple words "I'm sorry" are surprisingly powerful. But how we say them and what we do as we say them can make a world of difference.
How Companies Use It:
Just months after Toyota launched the luxury brand Lexus, its first model had to be recalled for repairs. But instead of taking a hit to its reputation, the company turned the situation into a marketing coup. Every owner received a phone call to schedule the repair; if a dealership wasn't nearby, the company flew mechanics to the customer. After making each repair, Lexus detailed the car and gave it a full tank of gas. Within three weeks, the company emerged from the crisis with an enhanced brand — they were no longer just about quality, but were now known for their customer service.
When one of Southwest Airline's planes skidded past its runway and into a road, killing a six-year-old boy, chief executive officer Gary Kelly went immediately into action. He first offered condolences, then flew with his top executives to Chicago, where the accident occurred. He expressed sympathy for everyone who was injured and pledged to help them. He also pledged to implement any recommended action from the subsequent investigation. The impact on the airline was undetectable; demand for its flights rose by almost eight percent the following year and it was more profitable than ever.
See the Additional Resources below for more examples and research findings.
The key ingredients of a successful apology:
Speed: When you make a mistake, time is of the essence. One of the most important aspects of Kelly's apology on behalf of Southwest Airlines — and what set it apart from every prior apology from a major airline — was how quickly he delivered it. In this case, speed signaled concern.
Candor: An effective apology is transparent; in other words, the perpetrator must be open and candid in disclosing what went wrong.
Vulnerability: A critical ingredient in rebuilding trust, vulnerability sends a powerful signal that the apologizer trusts the recipient of the apology and leaves him or herself open to the consequences of the original error.
Focus on the victim: Most apologies are self-focused and therefore much less effective. Recall BP CEO Tony Howard who apologized a month after the Deepwater Horizon oil rig explosion, "There's no one who wants this over more than I do. I want my life back." While the importance of being focused on the person to whom you're apologizing seems obvious, in the moment it is often surprisingly difficult.
Promise to change: Research shows that a promise to change, more than a simple apology, has the most impact on rebuilding trust. Apologies that articulate a plan of action, such as Kelly's promise to implement any recommended action from the subsequent investigation of Southwest, distance the apologizer from his or her violation. One person is the transgressor, and the other is someone who deserves a second chance.
Penance: Although apologies and promises to change are surprisingly powerful, offers of penance — making amends to the victim — also make a profound difference. To communicate remorse appropriately, those amends must be costly in terms of time, money, or some other resource.
Friend & Foe: When to Cooperate, When to Compete, and How to Succeed at Both, Adam Galinsky and Maurice Schweitzer (Crown Business, 2015). Argues that finding the right balance between cooperation and competition yields better outcomes at work and in life.
"Promises and Lies Restoring Violated Trust," Maurice Schweitzer et al., Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 101 (2006). Finds that trust harmed by untrustworthy behavior can be effectively restored when individuals observe a consistent series of trustworthy actions, but trust harmed by the same untrustworthy actions and deception never fully recovers.
"The Organizational Apology," Schweitzer, M. E., Brooks, A. W., & Galinsky, Harvard Business Review, Sept. 2015. Explains how typical organizational responses to missteps, like delays and a focus on legal issues, influence apologies.
Maurice Schweitzer is academic director of Wharton Executive Education's The Strategic Decision-Making Mindset and teaches in the Physician Leadership Academy.
"How Honest Apologies Can Help Leaders Bounce Back," Knowledge@Wharton, July 28, 2017.
About Nano Tools:
Nano Tools for Leaders® was conceived and developed by Deb Giffen, MCC, director of Custom Programs at Wharton Executive Education. Nano Tools for Leaders® is a collaboration between joint sponsors Wharton Executive Education and Wharton's Center for Leadership and Change Management. This collaboration is led by Professors Michael Useem and John Paul MacDuffie.
August 18, 2017 | Nano Tools, Research, Books	Maurice Schweitzer, Aresty's Executive Education, Adam Galinsky, Deb Giffen


text:
Luke from Gilmore Girls is in a blues rock band
Scott Patterson ditches the diner for GORDON, a '70s-inspired rawk band with no recordings but lots of merch
Collin Brennan
We always knew that Luke from Gilmore Girls had bigger aspirations than he let on, but we never thought we'd see the Stars Hollow diner owner fronting an '70s-inspired blues rock band. What a gift life has given us today, as Exclaim notes that Scott Patterson (i.e. the actor who plays Luke on the newly revamped Netflix show) is now moonlighting as the frontman of GORDON, a rawk band whose website promises "searing guitars, big beats and passionate vocals along with heartfelt ballads." In a tab of the website labeled "Music Philosophy", Patterson explains his songwriting process, which sounds pretty deep, bro:
"When I play my guitar I hunt for chords, progressions that evoke something – a feeling, an image. When it's right the song just floods in, overwhelms me. Then it's a mad rush to get it down on paper before it changes. The lyrics start with a word, then a sentence, then a verse, then a chorus. It's about what you feel as much as what makes you feel."
For at little taste of what Patterson's talking about, check out the gravel-voiced Gilmore god's rendition of an original song called "Kristina", which he posted on the band's official Facebook along with several other videos of him toying around on the ol' acoustic.
GORDON don't have any official recordings yet (the Facebook banner promises "first contact" on October 16th), but that hasn't stopped Patterson and co. from shipping out an impressive variety of merch, including everything from t-shirts to camouflage hats. Oh, and in case you plan on hosting a viewing party when Gilmore Girls: A Year lands on Netflix on November 25th, don't worry: GORDON does corporate events and private parties.
Scott Patterson


text:
Q: TS2322 when render custom Table from Ant Design using TypeScript I'm getting these errors when I'm trying to render an custom Ant Desing Table:
semantic error TS2322: Type '{ columns: never[]; }' is not assignable to type
'IntrinsicAttributes & TableProps<any>'.   Property 'columns' does not exist on
type 'IntrinsicAttributes & TableProps<any>'.

semantic error TS2322: Type '{ dataSource: never[]; columns: never[]; }' is not
assignable to type 'IntrinsicAttributes & TableProps<any>'.   Property 'dataSource'
does not exist on type 'IntrinsicAttributes & TableProps<any>'.

Component (dataSource and clumns are empty arrays, but the same issue is when I add any object values):
const DsrTable: FC = (): JSX.Element => {
    return (

Table

    )
}

Table:
declare const UTable: (props: TableProps<any>) => JSX.Element;

TableProps:
export interface TableProps<T> extends AntdTableProps<T> {
    mediaQueryLimit?: number;
}

and the AntdTableProps:
export interface TableProps<RecordType> extends Omit<RcTableProps<RecordType>, 'transformColumns' | 'internalHooks' | 'internalRefs' | 'data' | 'columns' | 'scroll' | 'emptyText'> {
    dropdownPrefixCls?: string;
    dataSource?: RcTableProps<RecordType>['data'];
    columns?: ColumnsType<RecordType>;
    pagination?: false | TablePaginationConfig;
    loading?: boolean | SpinProps;
    size?: SizeType;
    bordered?: boolean;
    locale?: TableLocale;
    onChange?: (pagination: TablePaginationConfig, filters: Record<string, FilterValue | null>, sorter: SorterResult<RecordType> | SorterResult<RecordType>[], extra: TableCurrentDataSource<RecordType>) => void;
    rowSelection?: TableRowSelection<RecordType>;
    getPopupContainer?: GetPopupContainer;
    scroll?: RcTableProps<RecordType>['scroll'] & {
        scrollToFirstRowOnChange?: boolean;
    };
    sortDirections?: SortOrder[];
    showSorterTooltip?: boolean | TooltipProps;
}

Unfortunetly I cannot change any Table properties and code. I can only customize the DsrTable coponent.

A: Ok, the problem has been solved.
I was building the library using node v.14.
After the change to 16 all works like a charm.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


When you're waking up and putting your all into your business, your goals, and your dreams, it helps to know that you have what it takes to succeed in your own way… because everything you need is either already inside you, or available to you.
It helps to believe that you're making the right choices for yourself, your business, and your empire.
It helps when you allow yourself to up-level your energy, your thoughts, and your mindset, so that working towards what you're creating feels easier… less 'hustle', more flow.
And it really helps to trust yourself; to trust your intuition, your guidance, your decision-making process, and your values, intentions and actions.
It's also sometimes a little difficult to do all of those things, all the time, when you're building something that's never been built before (in your own way, in your own business, in your own life).
It's to help you feel supported, seen, and heard, as you build your business.
It's to help you know that there are so many ways you could build your business, and to trust that the best way is the one that feels right for you.
It's to help you take clear, focused and aligned action, to lift yourself up, and to lift others up too.
It's to help you build a beautiful business that you love; one that lights you up, and supports you in every possible way.
And I'd love to invite you to join me on the inside.
Hilariously, back when I started my business in 2011, I didn't really focus on the fact that I was actually starting a business.
I know that sounds silly (because I was obviously doing exactly that!) however, I was so excited by the prospect of working with clients and being my own boss, that it took a little while before I realised there was more to think about than simply which days I worked, and how I marketed myself.
Since then, I've realised that a beautiful, thriving business is built by looking at all angles of entrepreneurship; for example, the inner work, and the marketing strategies; the right mindset, and the right software; the personal development work, and a social media presence.
Clearing away overwhelm, perfectionism, procrastination and fears to help you do your best work in your business.
Clearing any blocks or limiting beliefs that might stop you from succeeding, receiving, being visible, or moving forward in your business with clarity and confidence.
Balancing your goal-setting with your downtime (because your business doesn't need the exhausted version of you!), in a way that helps you to feel even more in flow with your business, goals and dreams.
Staying aligned, motivated and inspired to take action, and to create positive changes in your business (and life!) so that real shifts can happen.
When things get a little tough, remembering why you created your business in the first place, gain more trust within yourself, and then allow yourself to feel more confident in how to show up in your business again after going through a challenging period (or two!).
Creating services, offerings, digital products and books in alignment with who you are, so you can share your gifts, and your work, with the world with more ease.
Increasing your self-worth and your business-worth, because the entrepreneurial rollercoaster can get exhausting, and hopping off it allows you to better invest your energy elsewhere!
Expanding (and then sustaining) business growth with more ease, and less 'hustle'.
It's been through a devotion to my dreams, a connection to my intuition and bigger purpose, the ability to keep showing up and doing the work (even when things have felt tough, stuck or stagnant), the drive to help me move forward through challenging periods, and an understanding that the inner work counts as much as the outer work, that I've been able to build, grow and expand my business since 2011.
I've worked with thousands of entrepreneurs to help them do the same, through my 1:1 work blending business alignment coaching with kinesiology (and some naturopathy on the side when needed!), and through my writing, books, and online programs, helping them to build their businesses through building their self-confidence, their creativity, honing their unique voice, clearing away blocks to success, and aligning their inner and outer worlds for greater expansion.
I'm the bestselling author of You Are Enough and It's All Good (Hay House), the creator of the Love What You Create Workshop, and a kinesiologist, business alignment coach, naturopath, writer and speaker.
I work with women, and with entrepreneurs, healers, coaches and creatives who are driven, devoted and honouring their dreams, and who want to become more powerfully aligned to their bigger vision, clear away perfectionism, procrastination and overwhelm, and create their own version of a beautiful and aligned business and life.
With a soft spot for fellow perfectionists and a focus on energy and emotions, I use a combination of kinesiology, business alignment coaching and naturopathy to support women in getting clear on their next steps, working with their feminine energies, tuning into ease and flow, and increasing their clarity, confidence and energy, so they can create thriving lives and businesses.
My lessons and insights have been featured on live national television on the Today Extra show, and in national and international publications such as Collective Hub, Cosmo, body+soul, Women's Fitness and Australian Natural Health Magazine, and on popular websites such as ELLE, The Daily Guru, The Huffington Post, news.com.au, Vogue.com.au, Sporteluxe, marie claire and smh.com.au.
I've been interviewed on countless podcasts, and spoken at events and workshops around Australia for a variety of companies such as BUPA, Barre Body, New Balance, LinkedIn, Morgan Stanley and Eat Fit Food, for my publisher, Hay House, as well as for my own popular workshops, book tours, and events.
And now, I'm bringing all of this experience to you, in my mastermind.
I know that having support while building, growing and expanding your beautiful business can make all the difference.
I know that while you'll often be working long hours by yourself—hair up, coffee by your side, music playing—you don't have to do it all by yourself.
And I want to help.
I want to help you clear away any blocks, limiting beliefs, or negative mindsets that may be holding you back… and help you build your biz in a way that's deeply aligned to who you are.
I want to help you release comparison in your business (and life!), step out of overwhelm and into your purpose, and help you realise that your potential is already inside you (and no, you don't have to work harder to 'make it').
I want to help you feel expansive, abundant, in flow, and in alignment.
I want to help you do all of that, and so much more.
I love the sense of connection that comes from knowing you're not in this alone, and that you got this.
I love the lightbulb moments that come when you allow someone else to witness something you're going through, and allow yourself to receive support.
I love the lightness and clarity you experience when you realise there's a way forward, when you take incredible action, when you soften and allow yourself to flow, and ultimately, when you create your business in alignment with who you are.
And perhaps most importantly, I love coaching women to build thriving lives and businesses, by combining soulful strategy with deep inner work, to help them clear away blocks, and receive what they're working towards (or something better).
That's why I created this mastermind; so that I get to work with more women, from all around the world, sharing and supporting, connecting and creating.
There are 5 mastermind workshops, on varying topics. These have already been recorded, so you can join at any time.
In each workshop, I blend business alignment coaching and kinesiology to offer a combination of group coaching, soulful strategy, and energetic clearing work (based on that month's mastermind topic) to help you clear your blocks, take focused action, and align yourself to the business you're so worthy of creating (and enjoying!).
Once you've booked in, you'll receive your login details to watch the recording.
You'll also receive access to an exclusive Facebook group so we can continue to connect and mastermind together.
Before I started working with Cassie I was feeling totally drained, exhausted and burnt out in my business and life. Working with Cassie was honestly the most incredible experience, and I am so grateful I decided to work with her because I'm feeling SO different now! I'm feeling cleansed, energised and completely rejuvenated. Everything in my life seems to be flowing with more ease as I'm feeling balanced and centred within myself. I'm now really excited about my business, as I'm feeling much more inspired and confident. I'm allowing myself to be seen without needing to feel validated by everyone else.
Working with Cassie was seriously one of the best decisions I've ever made. She helped me see the light when I was experiencing a difficult time in my life, and for that I'm forever grateful!
I came to Cassie at a time when I knew I needed the extra support in energetically aligning myself to my new goals and growth in my business. I knew there was more that I was looking to create and express through my business, and I loved the way Cassie shows up in her business so authentically and beautifully.
The entire experience was incredible! I felt immensely supported throughout our time together, and I received so much more than I had initially expected (or intended)! We uncovered and cleared some deep limiting beliefs and blocks that I didn't know were there (but were affecting the way I was able to show up), and integrated some really beautiful new beliefs and goals for me and my business.
Cassie didn't hold anything back and was 100% there to help me with my goals. I loved the kinesiology/energetic alignments each week, and the practical advice on action steps to take.
Now, my business looks and feels so much more easeful, authentic, and uniquely me. If you're thinking about it, and you desire support in feeling clearer, more aligned, and in love with every aspect of business, Cassie is the real deal. I'm so grateful for her support in my business at a time where there was much change and transition, and I'm so glad I made the investment because it has led me to a whole new way of running my business (and that itself has been such a gift)!
In this mastermind, I'll take you through the most important steps you can take—and the mindset you can embody—to help you step off the entrepreneurial rollercoaster and find more ease and flow with your work, money and business.
The entrepreneurial rollercoaster can be exhausting. You wonder if things will ever even out for you; you put so much work in, and yet you still feel like you're always chasing your tail, or trying to keep up (with what?).
If you ever find your mood fluctuates based on your bank account, if you've had moments of wondering if you should quit your biz, if you know something's gotta give, if you know you're creating something incredible (and want to stick it out!), this month's mastermind is for you.
By joining this month's mastermind, you'll feel more confident in yourself, your business and your actions; you'll begin trusting yourself and your decisions even more; you'll stop feeling so up-and-down with your work (and path in business); and you'll feel more grounded and solid in what you're working on, and what you're allowing yourself to receive.
Think of this mastermind as a mini version of my popular Love What You Create Workshop.
In this mastermind, I'll take you through the ways you can ensure you're loving what you create in your business (and life!).
We'll look at how to plan out your year for maximum joy and productivity, how to back yourself and what you're creating, how to start owning your unique message; and how to ensure you know how you can best clear away perfectionism, procrastination and overwhelm… so you can love what you create.
By joining this month's mastermind, you'll feel more confident in yourself, your business, and your creations and offerings; you'll begin trusting yourself and your voice even more; you'll stop feeling so worried about what to create in your business; and you'll feel more aligned to how to show up in your business.
If you're a creative entrepreneur, you probably work 'on' your business, and 'in' your business.
You create, and see clients. You write, and hold workshops. You strategise, and run webinars. So how do you balance being fully booked, with being fully creative?
In this mastermind we'll dive deep into how you can manage your time and energy across the different areas of your business, allowing each area to thrive, so you can balance seeing clients with creating resources, without feeling exhausted in the process.
By joining this workshop, you'll feel more confident in your ability to hold space in your business, and to manage yourself, your business, and your creations in a way that feels supportive and expansive (and also gives you time for life stuff!).
Hustling yourself to burn out while building your business is the old way of doing things.
We know differently now, so let's act differently now.
The new way of building and expanding your business is about taking aligned action, balanced with rest and receiving. It's about creating healthy, firm boundaries that you honour with love. It's about allowing yourself to not work, in order to recharge your energy just because… and not just to work harder.
By joining this mastermind, you'll feel more confident in allowing yourself to slow down and do less, while making more of an impact in your business. You'll give yourself permission to let go of the perceived need to hustle to burn out, to do everything for everyone, or to make everyone happy at the expense of your own joy. You'll start to honour your natural energy cycles, and reenergise yourself naturally, calling your power back to yourself… and your business.
If you're anything like me, you have several arms to your creative life and biz… all of which you love!
We're so often told to 'focus our energy' to reach our dreams and goals, but I don't think that means you can't create a thriving, multi-passionate life and business.
By joining this mastermind, you'll begin to unravel any fears you may be holding around judgement of your creativity and business, you'll step more confidently towards your dreams and goals by backing yourself even more, you'll allow yourself to use all your skills, talents and passions to build a creative life and business that you love, and you'll start letting yourself do what you do best, without boxing yourself in.
I started working with Cassie because I'd been feeling out of alignment in my business. The work I was doing felt heavy and I was feeling resentful of all that was happening in my business. I knew that it wasn't the work itself, but that my energy was depleted and I wasn't showing up in my business the way I wanted to.
I was drawn to working with Cassie because I had seen how she had crafted a business around the lifestyle that she wanted to live and worked in a way that felt good to her.
Working with Cassie was magical! After every session I felt lighter, and like the road ahead had suddenly been cleared for me. Some major shifts happened as a result of working together, primarily being letting go of work, offerings and client-relationships that no longer served me. This is something that has created a ripple effect in my business and carries through even to this day. If it isn't lighting me up, then I give myself full permission to let it go/say no.
I now feel like I've cleared a lot of negative energy around my business, and have crafted a business that supports me (rather than drains me!). There's more ease, flow and spaciousness to be creative in my business. I feel that I now better understand the tools to support me in my business when things are feeling out of alignment!
If you're feeling stuck or heavy in your business, or things just don't feel like they're the best version they can be, I'd definitely suggest working with Cassie. Her energy is magnetic and above all she truly cares about you and the success of your business.
I cannot recommend Cassie highly enough. To be honest she has played a very valuable part in helping me create the business that I have today. Before I started having 1:1 Skype business alignment and mentoring sessions with Cassie I was feeling lost and overwhelmed with how to go about achieving the business (and life!) that I wanted.
Working with Cassie has been one of the best investments I have made in my business. Her guidance, support, knowledge and inspiring personality have been invaluable to me and I have appreciated having the support and wisdom from someone that has also started at the beginning and successfully worked her way to the top. Without a doubt I can totally recommend working with her!
I contacted Cassie after returning to work, a year after having my second baby. I was feeling stuck, overwhelmed and confused about how my business would run now that I'm also a mum of two. Cassie helped me to remove blocks, become clearer in my decision-making, and stop procrastinating. She guided me to follow my gut instinct and ultimately, create the business that I really want.
Cassie has helped me to trust my instinct and follow my heart; basically, to do what feels right for me. I'm now attracting more of the type of patients I like to see. Plus, I have tonnes of excitement and clarity over my business and side projects.
If you're feeling stuck and needing some guidance, I would highly recommend working with Cassie. It not only helped me realign energetically, but Cassie also has a bucket load of business advice and great recommendations that have all helped me get to where I am today.
I haven't had my coffee yet, so tell me again, how does this work?
All workshops have already run live, so when you join, you'll receive access to the replay.
If you're keen on a mastermind topic (there are 5 to choose from), book in for the one/s you wish to join. You'll then receive your login details to watch the mastermind/s.
There's also a private Facebook group, where we can continue to connect and mastermind together.
Do I need to sign up separately for each mastermind class? What if I want ALL OF THEM NOW?
You can either sign up for them individually, or purchase the collection (and save 30% by doing so).
Do I get 1:1 support in this mastermind?
Yes, insofar as I am able to in a group setting.
The mastermind is about me offering business alignment coaching support, lessons, guidance, energetic group clearing and more, and you showing up with questions and comments in a group setting (if you wish to!).
However, of course in a group setting, there's a limit to how long I can spend with an individual offering advice, although I'll always do my absolute best to support you as best as I can.
… a rising tide lifts all the boats.
What if I want more 1:1 support? Can I work with you privately?
Absolutely. Depending on availability, you can add on some 1:1 sessions here, or you can upgrade to my Business Alignment Program, which includes most of the above mastermind workshops.
What if I'm busy and can't make the live event?
No worries, all events have already run live, so when you join you'll receive access to the replay, instantly.
My clients come from all different industries, and from all over the world.
I've worked with naturopaths, nutritionists, kinesiologists, business coaches, graphic designers, bloggers, reiki practitioners, crystal healers, yoga teachers, lawyers, massage therapists, makeup artists, personal trainers, life coaches, health coaches, wedding stylists and PR consultants, to name a few!
Not all my clients are entrepreneurs though; I work with women in kinesiology sessions for life alignment too.
Do I need to run my own biz to join?
Not necessarily. While I anticipate that most people who join us will be entrepreneurs, healers, coaches, creatives and small biz owners, if a certain topic vibes with you, I'd love to welcome you!
I believe the mastermind is suitable no matter where you are in your biz; especially if you resonate with the monthly topic, and if you plan to start your own biz/use your entrepreneurial skills in the future.
So many skills on the entrepreneurial journey relate to personal development anyway, so I'm sure you'll be able to apply what you learn in several areas of life too.
You might be planning a career move or job change, moonlighting or working on a side project; so please join us if you're resonating with what's being offered.
Does this price include GST for Aussies?
No, I don't offer refunds for change of mind.
My lawyer hubby says to tell you this: Nothing in this policy though, affects the rights you may have as a consumer under the Australian Consumer Law. By purchasing from me, you're agreeing to these terms and conditions.
Why do I have to wait so long for the next season of Outlander?
I ask myself this all the time. We'll simply have to be patient. It's tough, but we can get through this together!
Allow yourself to take clear, aligned action with confidence (and without worrying about what everyone else is doing).
Understand that the inner work, the energy work, and your mindset, is as important as the strategy you plan, and the action you take.
Release any emotional blocks, limiting beliefs and self-sabotages which may be holding you back from expansion, alignment and abundance in your business.
Stop doing what you think you should be doing, and follow what lights you up.
Start owning your gifts and sharing them with the world; truly loving what you create in life and biz.
Connect with likeminded entrepreneurs, healers, coaches, creatives and small biz owners; making friends in the industry has never been easier than in this mastermind.
Let go of your worries, fears, concerns and doubts… and step into your flow, into alignment, and into expansion, through each month's group clearing work, and the actions you'll take after the mastermind.
Start enjoying your business again, or find even more joy in your work.
And, perhaps most importantly, deeply start believing you got this.
I started working with Cass in the early days of developing my business and there's been more than one occasion where our Skype session has been the turning point of my week. In times where I've felt overwhelmed by the number of steps I still needed to take, she's helped me refocus my energies so I was able to move forward and invest my time in the things that truly mattered.
Before working with Cassie, I felt like I was chasing many different avenues for setting up my business, none of which were getting me very far. I had very little clarity about what steps I needed to prioritise, and what steps I needed to move away from. I loved working with Cassie, so if you're thinking about working with Cassie for business mentoring and alignment I'd definitely say, 'Yes – do it!'. Investing in yourself and your business is essential for forward movement, and Cassie will help you gain so much clarity.
Working with Cassie really changed everything for me in my business. Our sessions were always full of insight from both my own revelations but also with what Cassie came up with through her kinesiology methods.
After working with Cass, I had so much clarity and was able to decipher the difference between what it was that I actually wanted to do in my business and what I thought I should be doing. My business now serves me and I don't feel lost like I did when I first started working with her. Cassie is a true shining light.
You can choose which mastermind you join, or purchase the full collection (and save 30% by doing so).
We can chat about each mastermind further in our private Facebook group.
You can upgrade to my Business Alignment Program which includes most of the mastermind workshops (plus so much more).
Yes, of course I accept gifts. Puppies are my favourite. Harvey Specter or diamonds work too.


text:
1,1,1,09 Mar 09,"Flowers for Your Grave","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3304/castle-1x01-flowers-for-your-grave"
2,1,2,16 Mar 09,"Nanny McDead","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3305/castle-1x02-nanny-mcdead"
3,1,3,23 Mar 09,"Hedge Fund Homeboys","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3306/castle-1x03-hedge-fund-homeboys"
4,1,4,30 Mar 09,"Hell Hath No Fury","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3307/castle-1x04-hell-hath-no-fury"
5,1,5,06 Apr 09,"A Chill Goes Through Her Veins","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3308/castle-1x05-a-chill-goes-through-her-veins"
6,1,6,13 Apr 09,"Always Buy Retail","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3309/castle-1x06-always-buy-retail"
7,1,7,20 Apr 09,"Home is Where the Heart Stops","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3310/castle-1x07-home-is-where-the-heart-stops"
8,1,8,27 Apr 09,"Ghosts","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3311/castle-1x08-ghosts"
9,1,9,04 May 09,"Little Girl Lost","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3312/castle-1x09-little-girl-lost"
10,1,10,11 May 09,"A Death in the Family","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3313/castle-1x10-a-death-in-the-family"
11,2,1,21 Sep 09,"Deep in Death","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3314/castle-2x01-deep-in-death"
12,2,2,28 Sep 09,"The Double Down","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3315/castle-2x02-the-double-down"
13,2,3,05 Oct 09,"Inventing the Girl","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3316/castle-2x03-inventing-the-girl"
14,2,4,12 Oct 09,"Fool Me Once...","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3317/castle-2x04-fool-me-once"
15,2,5,19 Oct 09,"When the Bough Breaks","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3318/castle-2x05-when-the-bough-breaks"
16,2,6,26 Oct 09,"Vampire Weekend","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3319/castle-2x06-vampire-weekend"
17,2,7,02 Nov 09,"Famous Last Words","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3320/castle-2x07-famous-last-words"
18,2,8,09 Nov 09,"Kill the Messenger","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3321/castle-2x08-kill-the-messenger"
19,2,9,16 Nov 09,"Love Me Dead","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3322/castle-2x09-love-me-dead"
20,2,10,23 Nov 09,"One Man's Treasure","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3323/castle-2x10-one-mans-treasure"
21,2,11,07 Dec 09,"The Fifth Bullet","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3324/castle-2x11-the-fifth-bullet"
22,2,12,11 Jan 10,"A Rose for Everafter","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3325/castle-2x12-a-rose-for-everafter"
23,2,13,18 Jan 10,"Sucker Punch","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3326/castle-2x13-sucker-punch"
24,2,14,25 Jan 10,"The Third Man","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3327/castle-2x14-the-third-man"
25,2,15,08 Feb 10,"Suicide Squeeze","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3328/castle-2x15-suicide-squeeze"
26,2,16,08 Mar 10,"The Mistress Always Spanks Twice","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3329/castle-2x16-the-mistress-always-spanks-twice"
27,2,17,22 Mar 10,"Tick, Tick, Tick...","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3330/castle-2x17-tick-tick-tick"
28,2,18,29 Mar 10,"Boom!","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3331/castle-2x18-boom"
29,2,19,05 Apr 10,"Wrapped Up in Death","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3332/castle-2x19-wrapped-up-in-death"
30,2,20,12 Apr 10,"The Late Shaft","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3333/castle-2x20-the-late-shaft"
31,2,21,19 Apr 10,"Den of Thieves","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3334/castle-2x21-den-of-thieves"
32,2,22,03 May 10,"Food to Die For","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3335/castle-2x22-food-to-die-for"
33,2,23,10 May 10,"Overkill","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3336/castle-2x23-overkill"
34,2,24,17 May 10,"A Deadly Game","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3337/castle-2x24-a-deadly-game"
35,3,1,20 Sep 10,"A Deadly Affair","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3338/castle-3x01-a-deadly-affair"
36,3,2,27 Sep 10,"He's Dead, She's Dead","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3339/castle-3x02-hes-dead-shes-dead"
37,3,3,04 Oct 10,"Under the Gun","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3340/castle-3x03-under-the-gun"
38,3,4,11 Oct 10,"Punked","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3341/castle-3x04-punked"
39,3,5,18 Oct 10,"Anatomy of a Murder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3342/castle-3x05-anatomy-of-a-murder"
40,3,6,25 Oct 10,"3XK","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3343/castle-3x06-3xk"
41,3,7,01 Nov 10,"Almost Famous","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3344/castle-3x07-almost-famous"
42,3,8,08 Nov 10,"Murder Most Fowl","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3345/castle-3x08-murder-most-fowl"
43,3,9,15 Nov 10,"Close Encounters of the Murderous Kind","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3346/castle-3x09-close-encounters-of-the-murderous-kind"
44,3,10,06 Dec 10,"Last Call","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3347/castle-3x10-last-call"
45,3,11,03 Jan 11,"Nikki Heat","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3348/castle-3x11-nikki-heat"
46,3,12,10 Jan 11,"Poof! You're Dead","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3349/castle-3x12-poof-youre-dead"
47,3,13,24 Jan 11,"Knockdown","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3350/castle-3x13-knockdown"
48,3,14,07 Feb 11,"Lucky Stiff","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3351/castle-3x14-lucky-stiff"
49,3,15,14 Feb 11,"The Final Nail","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3352/castle-3x15-the-final-nail"
50,3,16,21 Feb 11,"Setup","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3353/castle-3x16-setup"
51,3,17,28 Feb 11,"Countdown","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3354/castle-3x17-countdown"
52,3,18,21 Mar 11,"One Life to Lose","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3355/castle-3x18-one-life-to-lose"
53,3,19,28 Mar 11,"Law & Murder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3356/castle-3x19-law-murder"
54,3,20,04 Apr 11,"Slice of Death","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3357/castle-3x20-slice-of-death"
55,3,21,11 Apr 11,"The Dead Pool","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3358/castle-3x21-the-dead-pool"
56,3,22,02 May 11,"To Love and Die in L.A.","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3359/castle-3x22-to-love-and-die-in-la"
57,3,23,09 May 11,"Pretty Dead","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3360/castle-3x23-pretty-dead"
58,3,24,16 May 11,"Knockout","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3361/castle-3x24-knockout"
59,4,1,19 Sep 11,"Rise","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3362/castle-4x01-rise"
60,4,2,26 Sep 11,"Heroes & Villains","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3363/castle-4x02-heroes-villains"
61,4,3,03 Oct 11,"Head Case","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3364/castle-4x03-head-case"
62,4,4,10 Oct 11,"Kick the Ballistics","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3365/castle-4x04-kick-the-ballistics"
63,4,5,17 Oct 11,"Eye of the Beholder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3366/castle-4x05-eye-of-the-beholder"
64,4,6,24 Oct 11,"Demons","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3367/castle-4x06-demons"
65,4,7,31 Oct 11,"Cops & Robbers","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3368/castle-4x07-cops-robbers"
66,4,8,07 Nov 11,"Heartbreak Hotel","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3369/castle-4x08-heartbreak-hotel"
67,4,9,21 Nov 11,"Kill Shot","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3370/castle-4x09-kill-shot"
68,4,10,05 Dec 11,"Cuffed","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3371/castle-4x10-cuffed"
69,4,11,09 Jan 12,"Till Death Do Us Part","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3372/castle-4x11-till-death-do-us-part"
70,4,12,16 Jan 12,"Dial M for Mayor","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3373/castle-4x12-dial-m-for-mayor"
71,4,13,23 Jan 12,"An Embarrassment of Bitches","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3374/castle-4x13-an-embarrassment-of-bitches"
72,4,14,06 Feb 12,"The Blue Butterfly","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3375/castle-4x14-the-blue-butterfly"
73,4,15,13 Feb 12,"Pandora","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3376/castle-4x15-pandora"
74,4,16,20 Feb 12,"Linchpin","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3377/castle-4x16-linchpin"
75,4,17,27 Feb 12,"Once Upon a Crime","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3378/castle-4x17-once-upon-a-crime"
76,4,18,19 Mar 12,"A Dance with Death","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3379/castle-4x18-a-dance-with-death"
77,4,19,26 Mar 12,"47 Seconds","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3380/castle-4x19-47-seconds"
78,4,20,02 Apr 12,"The Limey","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3381/castle-4x20-the-limey"
79,4,21,16 Apr 12,"Headhunters","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3382/castle-4x21-headhunters"
80,4,22,30 Apr 12,"Undead Again","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3383/castle-4x22-undead-again"
81,4,23,07 May 12,"Always","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3384/castle-4x23-always"
82,5,1,24 Sep 12,"After the Storm","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3385/castle-5x01-after-the-storm"
83,5,2,01 Oct 12,"Cloudy with a Chance of Murder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3386/castle-5x02-cloudy-with-a-chance-of-murder"
84,5,3,08 Oct 12,"Secret's Safe with Me","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3387/castle-5x03-secrets-safe-with-me"
85,5,4,15 Oct 12,"Murder, He Wrote","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3388/castle-5x04-murder-he-wrote"
86,5,5,29 Oct 12,"Probable Cause","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3389/castle-5x05-probable-cause"
87,5,6,05 Nov 12,"The Final Frontier","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3390/castle-5x06-the-final-frontier"
88,5,7,12 Nov 12,"Swan Song","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3391/castle-5x07-swan-song"
89,5,8,19 Nov 12,"After Hours","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3392/castle-5x08-after-hours"
90,5,9,03 Dec 12,"Secret Santa","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3393/castle-5x09-secret-santa"
91,5,10,07 Jan 13,"Significant Others","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3394/castle-5x10-significant-others"
92,5,11,14 Jan 13,"Under the Influence","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3395/castle-5x11-under-the-influence"
93,5,12,21 Jan 13,"Death Gone Crazy","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3396/castle-5x12-death-gone-crazy"
94,5,13,04 Feb 13,"Recoil","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3397/castle-5x13-recoil"
95,5,14,11 Feb 13,"Reality Star Struck","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3398/castle-5x14-reality-star-struck"
96,5,15,18 Feb 13,"Target","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3399/castle-5x15-target"
97,5,16,25 Feb 13,"Hunt","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3400/castle-5x16-hunt"
98,5,17,18 Mar 13,"Scared to Death","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3401/castle-5x17-scared-to-death"
99,5,18,25 Mar 13,"The Wild Rover","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3402/castle-5x18-the-wild-rover"
100,5,19,01 Apr 13,"The Lives of Others","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3403/castle-5x19-the-lives-of-others"
101,5,20,15 Apr 13,"The Fast and the Furriest","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3404/castle-5x20-the-fast-and-the-furriest"
102,5,21,22 Apr 13,"The Squab and the Quail","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3405/castle-5x21-the-squab-and-the-quail"
103,5,22,29 Apr 13,"Still","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3406/castle-5x22-still"
104,5,23,06 May 13,"The Human Factor","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3407/castle-5x23-the-human-factor"
105,5,24,13 May 13,"Watershed","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3408/castle-5x24-watershed"
106,6,1,23 Sep 13,"Valkyrie","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3409/castle-6x01-valkyrie"
107,6,2,30 Sep 13,"Dreamworld","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3410/castle-6x02-dreamworld"
108,6,3,07 Oct 13,"Need to Know","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3411/castle-6x03-need-to-know"
109,6,4,14 Oct 13,"Number One Fan","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3412/castle-6x04-number-one-fan"
110,6,5,21 Oct 13,"Time Will Tell","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3413/castle-6x05-time-will-tell"
111,6,6,28 Oct 13,"Get a Clue","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3414/castle-6x06-get-a-clue"
112,6,7,04 Nov 13,"Like Father, Like Daughter","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3415/castle-6x07-like-father-like-daughter"
113,6,8,11 Nov 13,"A Murder is Forever","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3416/castle-6x08-a-murder-is-forever"
114,6,9,18 Nov 13,"Disciple","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3417/castle-6x09-disciple"
115,6,10,25 Nov 13,"The Good, the Bad and the Baby","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3418/castle-6x10-the-good-the-bad-and-the-baby"
116,6,11,06 Jan 14,"Under Fire","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3419/castle-6x11-under-fire"
117,6,12,13 Jan 14,"Deep Cover","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3420/castle-6x12-deep-cover"
118,6,13,20 Jan 14,"Limelight","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3421/castle-6x13-limelight"
119,6,14,03 Feb 14,"Dressed to Kill","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3422/castle-6x14-dressed-to-kill"
120,6,15,17 Feb 14,"Smells Like Teen Spirit","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3423/castle-6x15-smells-like-teen-spirit"
121,6,16,24 Feb 14,"Room 147","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3424/castle-6x16-room-147"
122,6,17,03 Mar 14,"In the Belly of the Beast","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3425/castle-6x17-in-the-belly-of-the-beast"
123,6,18,17 Mar 14,"The Way of the Ninja","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3426/castle-6x18-the-way-of-the-ninja"
124,6,19,24 Mar 14,"The Greater Good","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3427/castle-6x19-the-greater-good"
125,6,20,21 Apr 14,"That '70s Show","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3428/castle-6x20-that-70s-show"
126,6,21,28 Apr 14,"Law & Boarder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3429/castle-6x21-law-boarder"
127,6,22,05 May 14,"Veritas","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3430/castle-6x22-veritas"
128,6,23,12 May 14,"For Better or Worse","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3431/castle-6x23-for-better-or-worse"
129,7,1,29 Sep 14,"Driven","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3432/castle-7x01-driven"
130,7,2,06 Oct 14,"Montreal","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3433/castle-7x02-montreal"
131,7,3,13 Oct 14,"Clear & Present Danger","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3434/castle-7x03-clear-present-danger"
132,7,4,20 Oct 14,"Child's Play","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/3435/castle-7x04-childs-play"
133,7,5,27 Oct 14,"Meme is Murder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/14018/castle-7x05-meme-is-murder"
134,7,6,10 Nov 14,"The Time of Our Lives","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/38908/castle-7x06-the-time-of-our-lives"
135,7,7,17 Nov 14,"Once Upon a Time in the West","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/39046/castle-7x07-once-upon-a-time-in-the-west"
136,7,8,24 Nov 14,"Kill Switch","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/39047/castle-7x08-kill-switch"
137,7,9,01 Dec 14,"Last Action Hero","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/40948/castle-7x09-last-action-hero"
138,7,10,08 Dec 14,"Bad Santa","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/40949/castle-7x10-bad-santa"
139,7,11,12 Jan 15,"Castle, P.I.","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/96518/castle-7x11-castle-pi"
140,7,12,19 Jan 15,"Private Eye Caramba!","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/96519/castle-7x12-private-eye-caramba"
141,7,13,02 Feb 15,"I, Witness","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/118515/castle-7x13-i-witness"
142,7,14,09 Feb 15,"Resurrection","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/124020/castle-7x14-resurrection"
143,7,15,16 Feb 15,"Reckoning","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/129024/castle-7x15-reckoning"
144,7,16,23 Feb 15,"The Wrong Stuff","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/123075/castle-7x16-the-wrong-stuff"
145,7,17,16 Mar 15,"Hong Kong Hustle","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/141794/castle-7x17-hong-kong-hustle"
146,7,18,23 Mar 15,"At Close Range","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/142344/castle-7x18-at-close-range"
147,7,19,30 Mar 15,"Habeas Corpse","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/142345/castle-7x19-habeas-corpse"
148,7,20,20 Apr 15,"Sleeper","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/153336/castle-7x20-sleeper"
149,7,21,27 Apr 15,"In Plane Sight","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/153477/castle-7x21-in-plane-sight"
150,7,22,04 May 15,"Dead from New York","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/154045/castle-7x22-dead-from-new-york"
151,7,23,11 May 15,"Hollander's Woods","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/154046/castle-7x23-hollanders-woods"
152,8,1,21 Sep 15,"XY","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/211836/castle-8x01-xy"
153,8,2,28 Sep 15,"XX","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/215186/castle-8x02-xx"
154,8,3,05 Oct 15,"PhDead","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/215187/castle-8x03-phdead"
155,8,4,12 Oct 15,"What Lies Beneath...","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/215188/castle-8x04-what-lies-beneath"
156,8,5,19 Oct 15,"The Nose","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/220223/castle-8x05-the-nose"
157,8,6,09 Nov 15,"Cool Boys","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/228311/castle-8x06-cool-boys"
158,8,7,16 Nov 15,"The Last Seduction","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/321677/castle-8x07-the-last-seduction"
159,8,8,23 Nov 15,"Mr. & Mrs. Castle","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/378144/castle-8x08-mr-mrs-castle"
160,8,9,08 Feb 16,"Tone Death","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/473785/castle-8x09-tone-death"
161,8,10,14 Feb 16,"Witness for the Prosecution","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/502652/castle-8x10-witness-for-the-prosecution"
162,8,11,15 Feb 16,"Dead Red","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/532015/castle-8x11-dead-red"
163,8,12,22 Feb 16,"The Blame Game","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/603265/castle-8x12-the-blame-game"
164,8,13,29 Feb 16,"And Justice for All","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/582448/castle-8x13-and-justice-for-all"
165,8,14,07 Mar 16,"The G.D.S.","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/617857/castle-8x14-the-gds"
166,8,15,21 Mar 16,"Fidelis Ad Mortem","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/623495/castle-8x15-fidelis-ad-mortem"
167,8,16,04 Apr 16,"Heartbreaker","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/617858/castle-8x16-heartbreaker"
168,8,17,11 Apr 16,"Death Wish","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/667489/castle-8x17-death-wish"
169,8,18,18 Apr 16,"Backstabber","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/667490/castle-8x18-backstabber"
170,8,19,25 Apr 16,"Dead Again","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/667491/castle-8x19-dead-again"
171,8,20,02 May 16,"Much Ado About Murder","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/677823/castle-8x20-much-ado-about-murder"
172,8,21,09 May 16,"Hell to Pay","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/671671/castle-8x21-hell-to-pay"
173,8,22,16 May 16,"Crossfire","https://www.tvmaze.com/episodes/677824/castle-8x22-crossfire"


The #1 Reason to List Your House Today!
Many people believe that selling their house during "the spring buyers' market" is the best thing to do. Their reasoning is that there will be more buyers than there are during the winter months and, therefore, their house will sell quicker and for a higher price.
Historically, this made sense. However, today's real estate market is not following the rules of the past.
According to the latest Footnote Traffic Report, buyer traffic is greater now than it was during this year's spring market and there are more buyers out now than at any other time in the last five years (March of 2012).
The chart below shows that buyer activity over the last three months (blue bars) was greater than it was during this past spring market (green bars).
If you are waiting for next spring to list your home because you think that's when the buyers will be out in force, perhaps you should reconsider. Buyers are out right now!


Physician burnout is a significant challenge in healthcare today. The root cause is not a lack of resilience among the physicians, but significant dysfunction in the clinical workplace. Physicians are left struggling to effectively connect with and care for their patients.
In this webinar, Dr. Paul DeChant discusses a five-step plan to reduce the drivers of burnout, focused on improving the management system, organizational culture, and clinical workflows in a way that reduces the drivers of burnout while empowering and aligning clinicians across the organization.
From 2009 – 2014 he served as CEO of Sutter Gould Medical Foundation (SGMF), a not-for-profit health care organization dedicated to providing the highest level of patient care. During his tenure with Sutter Health, Dr. DeChant also served as President of the Palomares Division of Palo Alto Medical Foundation (PAMF) and served 4 years as Chair of ACME, Sutter's Administrative Council of Medical Executives. In those roles DeChant launched programs to drive quality and service improvements and cost reductions throughout the system. He has also held leadership roles at Geisinger Health System, High Country Health Care and Breckenridge Primary Care.
He has maintained a high level of civic contributions and community service throughout his career, including founding a free medical clinic for homeless shelter clients, developing a primary care education program and volunteerism in undeveloped countries.
Dr. DeChant graduated from the University of Oregon with a Bachelor of Science degree. He received his medical degree from the Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine and earned his Master of Business Administration from the University of Colorado-Denver.


text:
package com.baniel.wirelesshid;

/**
 * Created by baniel on 6/12/16.
 */
public class Constant {

    public static final int HID_TCP_PORT = 34567;
    public static final int HID_MULTICAST_PORT = 34568;
    public static final int HID_MULTICAST_RECEIVE_PORT = 34569;

    public static final String HID_MULTICAST_ADDRESS = "224.0.0.1";

    public static final String HID_SERVICE_DISCOVERY_REQ = "WIRELESSHID_ANDROID";
    public static final String HID_SERVICE_DISCOVERY_RSP = "WIRELESSHID_PC";
    public static final String HID_SERVICE_DISCONNECT = "WIRELESSHID_DISCONNECT";

    //code of mouse right and left button, copy from jdk1.7 doc.
    public static final int MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT                           = 16;
    public static final int MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT                          = 4;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub