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2006 November Heritage Fine Art Signature AuctionAuction #638
GEORGE INNESS (American 1825 - 1894). Approaching Storm, circa 1868. Oil on canvas. 12-½ x 16in.. Signed and indistinctl...
GEORGE INNESS (American 1825 - 1894)
Approaching Storm, circa 1868
12-½ x 16in.
Signed and indistinctly dated at lower right, G Inness 18[?]8
Sale Shannon's Fine Art Auction, Greenwich, Connecticut, October 21, 2004, lot 63, sold for $58,750;
Michael Quick, George Inness: A Catalogue Raisonné, 2006 (forthcoming).
In 1868, around the same time he produced this view of a storm brewing over farmland near his home in Eagleswood, New Jersey, George Inness was elected a full member of the National Academy of Design in New York. His acceptance into this most august society of professional painters was comparatively a long time in coming since his approach to landscape painting differed so sharply from that of most Americans of the time. In fact, Inness's approach was virtually antithetical to the work of the painters known collectively as the Hudson River School Thomas Cole, Frederic Church, Thomas Moran and others who portrayed nature as a dramatic, grandiose subject on a monumental scale with a microscopic attention to detail. In comparison, Inness's small blurry paintings seemed to be more about atmosphere, weather conditions, and shadows that obscure form and highlights that dissolve it. Like the present work, Inness's landscapes are tonal and often very thinly painted. Sometimes there doesn't even seem to be a subject beyond a general indication of green on the ground and blue, white or gray in the zone usually reserved for the sky. One contemporary writer noted that Inness's work was "more of a painting than a picture," and indeed, the description is perfectly accurate. It is also a perfect description for a work of modern art.
When he was awarded the status of full academician by the National Academy of Design, Inness had not altered his way of painting to win acceptance. Rather, the academy had changed and so had American taste. America had just gone through a bloody Civil War, and somehow the tenor of the country had shifted. With it came a new, more introspective way of looking at oneself and one's relation to the world. Inness and his quieter, more contemplative pictures became understandable, and by the time of his death near the end of the century Inness, a small, frail, epileptic, quarrelsome, and tenaciously uncompromising man who, interestingly, was an inspiring teacher, had replaced Church as America's "greatest" painter. The fact that Inness had developed his personal style by looking to European art to the Old Masters, to the Roman campagna, and in particular to the modern experiments of the French Barbizon School painters such as Rousseau, Corot, Daubigny, and Millet who worked outside in a brushy hazy manner that was no longer objectionable, or un-American.
This present work dates from the 1860s, the decade immediately following the artist's trips to Italy and France in the 1850s which profoundly impacted the future direction of his work. In the early 1860s, Inness lived in rural Medfield, Massachusetts, where he painted farm scenes very similar to the present work, which strongly resembles images of the French countryside as interpreted by Corot or Daubigny. In 1864, Inness moved to Eagleswood, New Jersey, once again a rural community which afforded him the opportunity to explore pastoral subject matter. At Eagleswood, where the present work was painted, Inness was introduced to the theosophical teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772), which meshed with a need he had always felt, i.e., to show more human interaction with nature, not simply God's manifestation in Nature as sublime grandiosity. Inness was deeply attracted to Swedenborg's ideas in the symbiotic unity of God, Nature and Man, and this "faith" found expression in his landscapes. He explained that he wanted to paint "civilized" landscapes that showed both God's and man's hand working in tandem. In the present work, the tended fields and the little dwellings in the distance are the work of men and women. The threatening storm in the "heavenly" realm overhead, however, might bring damage in addition to much needed rain. As Michael Quick noted of a related work of the same title painted in 1869 (Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Frederick R. Mayer, Denver), "Its bent trees belong not to wild forests, but to the cultivated and cared-for world, the pastoral ideal... In Approaching Storm one still feels the controlled grandeur of nature, which the painting's rich coloration renders as more alluring than terrifying" (Nicolai Cikovsky, Jr. and Michael Quick, George Inness, exh. cat., Los Angeles and New York, 1985, pp. 104-5, cat. 14).
The rich coloration is also found in the present work, and as one writer explained, Inness's way of achieving these affects was far more elaborate than one would suspect. "He swiftly stained the surfaces of his canvases, and then sketched on them with charcoal and umber, a process that sometimes took more than a week. He used opaque paint to bring out light and texture and then used glaze to tone it down. The overall result was a type of landscape that combined tonalism and luminism, great contrasts of light and dark."
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The Danuvia 39M/43M was a Hungarian submachine gun designed by Pál Király in the late 1930s and used during World War II.

History
The 9×25mm Danuvia submachine gun was designed by Hungarian engineer Pál Király in the late 1930s, and was produced by the titular Danuvia company. The guns were issued to Hungarian army troops in 1939 and remained in service throughout World War II and until the early 1950s. A total of roughly 8,000 were made between 1939 and 1945. The Danuvia was a large, sturdy weapon, similar to a carbine. Inspired by the SIG MKMS, the Danuvia used the more powerful 9×25mm Mauser round, and incorporated lever-delayed blowback in order to better manage this high energy cartridge. The Danuvia's magazine can be folded forward into a recess in the stock where a plate then slides over it.

The gun was well-liked by troops it was issued to; it reportedly functioned well in the sub-zero, muddy conditions on the Eastern Front. The only difficulty was the availability of 9×25mm Mauser ammunition. It was used by the Hungarian army, military police and police forces and stayed in service until the early 1950s when it was gradually replaced by the PPSh-41 and the Kucher K1.

Design
The Danuvia featured a patented two-part lever-delayed blowback bolt.  The fire selector switch is a circular cap on the rear of the receiver and is rotated to one of three settings: E (Egyes)(semiautomatic fire), S(Sorozat) (full automatic), or Z (Zárt)(the safety setting).  The ejection port and cocking handle are on the right side of the receiver. It had a ramp-type rear sight above the ejection port and a post foresight at end of the barrel.

Variants

The original Danuvia was the Géppisztoly (Submachine gun) 39M with a fixed wooden stock, which was followed in limited numbers by the Géppisztoly 39/A M with a folding wooden stock. In 1943 a new version with a forward folding metal stock, wood fore stock and a pistol grip was designated the Géppisztoly 43M. The 43M was the most produced version and had a shortened barrel and a forward-angled magazine.

References

External links
Kiraly 43M: Hungary's Overpowered Submachine Gun
submachine guns (en)
Modern Arms Entry

9×25mm Mauser submachine guns
Lever-delayed blowback firearms
Submachine guns of Hungary
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1939
World War II infantry weapons
World War II submachine guns

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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MP urges visits to war graves
Zoe Higgins
LOUGHBOROUGH MP Nicky Morgan is urging local schools and constituents to visit their local Commonwealth war graves to gain a greater understanding of the scale and magnitude of the Great War.
The call follows a national initiative spearheaded by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, the All-Party Parliamentary War Heritage Group and the 'In From The Cold Project'.
The initiative is supported by Nicky who will be visiting war graves at Loughborough Cemetery in Leicester Road.
"The centenary of the outbreak of the First World War is a time, not just for reflection and commemoration but also an opportunity to educate a new generation of young people about the extraordinary events of a hundred years ago and to bring to life some of the personal stories from this remarkable time," said Nicky.
"There are 10 cemeteries in the constituency where there are Commonwealth war graves."
Leicester Road
Motoring NewsFerrari takes Engine of the Year award488GTB's turbo V8 praised for efficiency, performance and flexibility

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Even though it has been a while since the NYU 185th Commencement Exercise at Yankee Stadium, it is a day for all of us, the NYU CIMS 2015 Fall students, that worth cherishing. I spent two wonderful years at CIMS and NYC studying computer science. This is the very first time in my life learning computer science in general. This is the first time I started an internship at a software giant. This is the first time I lived by myself at the big apple city. And dammit, if it wasn't the best two years of my life.
Because if any one of those things hadn't happened, I never would have ended up in what turned out to be the best job I ever had. But more importantly, I wouldn't have end up with Clara. Because, as you know, she was in the department across the Cummington Mall. Of course that legendary story is only just beginning.
I know that somebody out there right now in this class just might occupy the White House one day. And let me be clear, not red and not blue, but maybe purple like NYU.


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September 4, 2018 , Camden, N.J. -
SUBARU OF AMERICA REPORTS AUGUST 2018 AS ALL-TIME BEST SALES MONTH
August 2018 marks best-ever sales month in company history
Record August – monthly sales increase 1.4 percent over August 2017
81 consecutive months of yearly month-over-month growth
Best August ever for Impreza and Ascent
54 consecutive months of more than 10,000 Outbacks sold
61 consecutive months of more than 10,000 Foresters sold
Subaru of America, Inc. today reported 64,088 vehicle sales for August 2018, a 1.4 percent increase over August 2017, and marks the best-ever sales month in company history, breaking the previous record set in December 2017 (63,342). The company also reported year-to-date sales of 446,374 vehicles, a 5.3 percent gain over the same period in 2017.
August marked the 54th consecutive month of 40,000+ vehicle sales for the company. Impreza and Ascent sales were notably strong as each model achieved its best August ever. Impreza sales for August 2018 increased 9.3 percent, while BRZ sales increased 13.7 percent over the same month in 2017. In addition, 4,235 of the all-new 3-row Ascent SUVs were delivered in August.
"We are proud to celebrate the all-time best sales month in the history of the Subaru franchise with our dedicated retailers, employees and independent distributors," said Thomas J. Doll, president and CEO, Subaru of America, Inc. "We know that customers have a lot of options when shopping for a car and we are honored that they select Subaru as their vehicle of choice – it is a testament to the trust we have established with new and returning customers."
"As you would expect from a best-ever month, we had strong results across our line-up," said Jeff Walters, Senior Vice President of Sales. "Our successful launch of the three-row Ascent will soon be followed by the arrival of the all-new 2019 Forester. Our SUV models will continue to drive our sales momentum."
Carline Aug-18 Aug-17 % Chg Aug-18 Aug-17 % Chg
MTD MTD MTD YTD YTD YTD
Forester 15435 15528 -0.6% 108471 118768 -8.7%
Impreza 8154 7462 9.3% 53354 58265 -8.4%
WRX/STI 2523 2528 -0.2% 19574 21646 -9.6%
Ascent 4235 0 0.0% 10721 0 0.0%
Legacy 3452 4210 -18.0% 27472 33559 -18.1%
Outback 18006 20327 -11.4% 125097 124161 0.8%
BRZ 383 337 13.7% 2646 3006 -12.0%
Crosstrek 11900 12823 -7.2% 99039 64323 54.0%
TOTAL 64088 63215 1.40% 446374 423728 5.3%
About Subaru of America, Inc.
Subaru of America, Inc. (SOA) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Subaru Corporation of Japan. Headquartered at a zero-landfill office in Camden, N.J., the company markets and distributes Subaru vehicles, parts and accessories through a network of more than 630 retailers across the United States. All Subaru products are manufactured in zero-landfill production plants and Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. is the only U.S. automobile production plant to be designated a backyard wildlife habitat by the National Wildlife Federation. SOA is guided by the Subaru Love Promise, which is the company's vision to show love and respect to everyone, and to support its communities and customers nationwide. Over the past 20 years, SOA has donated more than $165 million to causes the Subaru family cares about, and its employees have logged more than 40,000 volunteer hours. As a company, Subaru believes it is important to do its part in making a positive impact in the world because it is the right thing to do.
For additional information visit media.subaru.com. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
Dominick Infante
dinfante@subaru.com
Diane Anton
Manager, Corporate Communications
danton@subaru.com
SUBARU OF AMERICA REPORTS AUGUST 2018 AS ALL TIME BEST SALES MONTH.PDF


TO AMEND THE CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, BY ADDING ARTICLE 11 TO CHAPTER 31, TITLE 23 SO AS TO REQUIRE THAT NO GUN TRANSFER PRECEDED BY A CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK MAY PROCEED, UNLESS THE CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK HAS CONCLUDED THAT THE SALE MAY PROCEED, UNTIL AT LEAST TWENTY-EIGHT DAYS HAVE PASSED FROM THE INITIATION OF THE BACKGROUND CHECK, AND TO PROVIDE FOR CRIMINAL PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.
(1) 'Firearm' means a weapon, including a starter gun, which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explosive, the frame or receiver of such weapon, a firearm muffler or firearm silencer, or a destructive device. The term does not include an antique firearm.
(2) 'Licensed dealer' means the holder of any federal firearms license under 18 U.S.C. Section 923(a).
(3) 'Transfer' means to sell, furnish, give, lend, deliver, or otherwise provide, with or without consideration.
(4) 'Transferee' means a person who receives or intends to receive a firearm in a sale or transfer.
Section 23-31-1120. For any sale or transfer of a firearm for which a licensed dealer contacts the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) to conduct a background check, a licensed gun dealer may not deliver a firearm to any transferee unless the NICS provides the licensed dealer with a unique identification number or twenty-eight days have elapsed from the date the licensed dealer contacted the NICS and the NICS has not notified the licensed dealer that a sale or transfer to such person would violate state or federal law.
Section 23-31-1130. A person who violates the provisions of this article is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be imprisoned not more than three years or fined not more than one thousand dollars, or both."
SECTION 2. If any provision, word, phrase, or clause of this act or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect the provisions, words, phrases, clauses, or applications of this act which can be given effect without the invalid provision, word, phrase, clause, or application, and, to this end, the provisions, words, phrases, and clauses of this act are declared to be severable.


Looking for a quick sale due to separation or divorce?
The Property Buying Company can make the process of selling your home significantly easier. We can guarantee a quick sale that frees up the funds you require to move on with your life.
We understand that selling your house due to a break up, separation or divorce can be a very stressful time and upsetting experience. Once the hard decision has been made to separate, it is often a property sale that is the only thing holding you back from the clean break that you desire.
Traditional methods of sale are often long, arduous and full of complications. This can mean that separated couples sometimes have to live together (albeit separated) or impose on family or friends until their sale has completed. Months can pass sometimes until they are finally able to split the equity that has been released so they can find a new home on their own or with a new partner.
The Property Buying Company can make the process significantly easier as we can guarantee a quick sale that frees up the funds you require to move on with your life.
Our vast experience of dealing with complicated breakups means that we can often act as a mediator between couples that are separating or going through a divorce.
Our progression department and change team can also help with finding for alternative accommodation or a rental property for couples that are separating We can even pay a deposit or advance money for rent on our exchange of our purchase.
If you are going through a divorce you can take the hassle out of selling your property with a quick house sale to The Property Buying Company.
With over 50 years combined property buying experience, you are in good hands! We will be here to guide you through the house selling process from start to finish.


The buzz around Arbaaz and Malaika Arora relationship proceeds as reports of them fixing up and moving in together came in. The couple had wanted to independent ordinarily amid their 18 year marriage, however it was just in 2016 that they authoritatively declared that they are isolating. However in a joint proclamation, they had specified that they are not heading for separation and they will settle on their future later. Malaika had even purportedly asked for a prominent show to drop Khan from her name amid a reality appear. In any case, now, most recent reports propose that they are very nearly a patch up.
The Australian individuals who are playing the T20 organization would confront trouble to move back to Test mode. The squad is relied upon to gather at Melbourne on Tuesday, December 22 with Hussey being given over the undertaking of tweaking the players before they confront West Indies on December 26. The 40-year-old does not feel that it is a simple errand for the players to conform to Test position.
Hussey, who is participating in BBL as the chief of Sydney Thunder says, "It can be somewhat of a mental thing. Doing a reversal to a Test match, you're verging on attempting to bat all the more appropriately on the off chance that you like and you can be more restrained in your stroke play. It can be difficult to manage however the more you do it, the more experienced and ideally better at it you're going to get."
"The part that Kareena plays, I felt it was ideal for her. Actually, I was somewhat terrified of alluding Kareena as I didn't know how it would be seen." Unseen Candid Pics Of Salman Khan With South Indian Superstars Not simply Kareena, it was Shahid who alluded Alia for the motion picture too, he further included, "When I educated Alia concerning it, I felt intuitively that she is as great a performing artist as she is a star and in this manner she would comprehend what potential the substance has. What's more, she did." "Really, I considered Kareena even before I considered Alia. In any case, with Kareena, things got deferred. At that point I told Alia that there is this part which is yet not cast and on the off chance that she might want to do this part. At that point around the same time Kareena additionally heard it and consented to do the film. So it simply happened. Also, I felt exceptionally upbeat when it happened for I feel it is an extremely extraordinary film."
The 33-year-old's staggering record with the First-Class side Tasmania, captaining them to two Sheffield Shield titles—2010-11 and 2012-13—impacted Cricket Australia to make him the stand-in-skipper for the ODI arrangement against South Africa (2014) and Carlton-Mid ODI tri-arrangement including England and India in 2015 fair before the beginning of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2015 without Michael Clarke. Triumphs in both the arrangement, gave him the mind blowing chance to lead the group before the more than 90,000 fans in the opening round of the uber occasion against England in Melbourne Cricket Ground. Clarke had joined from the second diversion and that was the end of Bailey for that World Cup.
The prominent vocation of the perpetual leg-turn risk of India's rocking the bowling alley assault, Anil Kumble, kept running for 18 had however compensating years, and its genesis happened 25 years prior. Today, a silver celebration back, Kumble was in his introduction Test, in India's voyage through England in 1990, at Old Trafford, known more for a century by 17-year old Sachin Tendulkar. Kumble reviewed this presentation minute, and the highs and lows in his time with the Indian group, in a meeting with The Hindu.
He was a piece of truly a couple winning minutes in a moderately effective period in Indian cricket, in the 2000s, a stage he recollects well, close by the command at home amid in 1990s. "In 1993, we beat England in India and after that for a long time we crushed all groups that went by home. I can always remember Headingley, 2002, when we vanquished England and that was the start of our great run abroad. We later crushed Pakistan, England and West Indies on their home-turf and attracted an arrangement Australia (1-1, 2003)."
Tendulkar, the centurion in that Test, was a consistent partner in Kumble's 132-Test cricketing voyage, a bond that was important. "Sachin was a piece of every one of my Tests (132). It is likely an uncommon Test that we missed playing together. He was my go-to man for different inputs — is the ball turning out pleasantly from my hand, is my keep running up alright?"
What does he miss from his life as an India player? "I miss the brotherhood however I don't have any second thoughts in light of the fact that I gave everything that I could provide for the amusement. Relatively few gave me a chance when I initially played for India and from that point to complete where I at long last did, I can be pleased with what I accomplished."


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We Have Made Gains In Our Fight Against Illegal Small Scale Mining – Lands Minister
Home/Sports/Virgil van Dijk: Liverpool Defender Signs Deal Until 2025
Virgil van Dijk: Liverpool Defender Signs Deal Until 2025
Abigail Asamoah Send an email August 13, 2021
Liverpool defender Virgil van Dijk has extended his contract with the club until the summer of 2025.
The 30-year-old, who was under contract until 2023, follows Trent Alexander-Arnold, Fabinho and Alisson in signing new deals with the club this summer.
He played just five league games last season, as he suffered an anterior cruciate ligament injury in October.
Van Dijk, who resumed playing in pre-season, said he was "delighted, very happy and proud" to sign a new deal.
"All the hard work we've put in so far continues and I am looking forward to what the future brings together with Liverpool," added the Netherlands centre-back, who has made 130 appearances for Liverpool.
"Where I am today, how I feel today, as a very senior, important player for the team and for the club. That's just a fantastic feeling and why I definitely feel at home here."
Van Dijk, who joined Liverpool from Southampton for £75m in January 2018, has established himself as one of the Premier League's most influential defenders, playing every domestic minute as the Reds won the title in 2019-20.
His injury early in the 2020-21 campaign was a significant moment in the club's season, with their defensive resources also stretched by injuries to Joe Gomez and Joel Matip.
Van Dijk subsequently chose not to play for the Netherlands at the delayed European Championship this summer in order to focus on his rehabilitation.
He has made three pre-season appearances and says his recovery from "a season to forget" has been "going well".
"I feel good," added Van Dijk, who could feature in Liverpool's season opener at Norwich on Saturday.
"Friendlies, you get your match fitness up, get into repetitions of doing things again and again.
"I feel like I am ready for the weekend, so we'll see what the manager decides. It is going to be a totally different atmosphere and mindset for me personally as well."
Source: bbcnews
Abigail Asamoah
I Shiver When I Hear People Clamoring For Overthrow Of 1992 Constitution – Asare
Toddler Fatally Shoots His Mom In The Head While She Was On A Work Zoom Call
Robert Lewandowski: Bayern striker wins Best Fifa Men's Player of the Year award
Tyson Fury v Dillian Whyte: Eddie Hearn says purse bids set for Friday but March date 'unrealistic'


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Articles / English
Selected Bibliography of works on the struggle for Belarusian Independence 1900-1921 in the Francis Skaryna Belarusian Library in London
"…We, the Council (Rada) of the Belarusian Democratic Republic, have cast off from our native land the last vestige of national dependence which the Russian tsars imposed by force upon our free and independent land. From this time on, the Belarusian Democratic Republic is proclaimed and independent and free state."
Those are the words from the Declaration Independence made by the Council of the Belarusian Democratic Republic in Minsk on 25 March 1918. The independence did not last long owing to unfavourable political situation. All the same, from that day on Belarusians all over the world keep the 25 March as their Independence Day.
Belarus became part of the Russian Empire as a result of partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772-95. The tsarist authorities regarded it simply as the North-Western province (Severo-zapadnyi krai) of Russia, inhabited by people speaking a kind of peasant Russian dialect. Consequently all signs of individuality were systematically eradicated, including the destruction of the Greek-Catholic (Uniate) Church to which the majority of Belarusians belonged. The opposite view was held by Poles, or rather by polonised Belarusian landed gentry, for whom Belarus was a Polish province. Despite this, Belarusian national movement began to manifest itself early in the 19th century, and gathered momentum especially after emancipation of peasants in 1861.
In 1862 the revolutionary leader Kastus Kalinouski (hanged by Russians in 1864) began publishing clandestine paper Muzhytskaia prauda (Peasant truth). Some twenty years later the Belarusian group of the movement Narodnaia volia (People's freedom) in their underground paper Homon was already raising the question of Belarusian autonomy. The end of the 19th century saw also the appearance of new Belarusian writers and poets, the most prominent of whom was Frantsishak Bahushevich (1840-1900) who reminded the Belarusians: "Do not abandon our Belarusian tongue that we may not die". But it was not until 1903 that the first Belarusian party, the Belaruskaia Revaliutsyinaia Hramada (Belarusian Revolutionary Party) was founded. Two years later, under its definitive name of Belaruskaia sacyialistychnaia hramada (Belarusian Socialist Party) it played an active role in the revolution of 1905-1907.
In the years that followed members of the Hramada were closely connected with the newspaper Nasha niva (Our field) which, until its closure in 1915 was the focal point of Belarusian political and cultural life. The Hramada was the only Belarusian political party during that period. Other parties then active in the area – Russian, Polish, Jewish, – were, with few exceptions, indifferent or even openly hostile to Belarusian national aspirations.
One year after the outbreak of the First World War, in summer 1915, Belarus was divided by the frontline between German and Russian armies. The hardships caused by the war were aggravated by the refugee problem: before abandoning Western Belarus to the Germans, the Russian authorities evacuated over a million of its inhabitants who were taken inside Russia and largely left to their own fate. This was the situation in Belarus at the time of the February Revolution of 1917. From then on the events began to move rapidly.
The Provisional Russian government of Kerenski was replaced in November 1917 by a Communist one who, in their turn, in February 1918, abandoned the area to the Germans. In December of the same year the Germans retreated, and Communist Soviet rule was established again in Belarus with the exception of the Hrodna region in the West. During the late spring and early summer of 1919 Belarus was invaded by Poles who remained there until summer 1920.
Against this background of ever-changing political scene the Belarusians tried to establish their own independent state. Their efforts led to the convocation in December 1917 in Minsk of the All-Belarusian Congress and, finally the proclamation on 25 March 1918 of the independent Belarusian Democratic Republic (Belaruskaia Narodnaia Respublika, abbreviated as BNR). The odds were, however, against them. In December the Council and Government of the BNR left Minsk and established themselves in Hrodna which at that time was the centre of a semi-autonomous Belarusian region within the Lithuanian Republic. The Polish invasion in spring of 1919 put an end to this, and the government of the BNR went into exile. The hopes of some of its members that the Poles would help in re-establishing Belarusian independence were soon dispelled.
In the meantime the Soviet authorities who, like the Russian Provisional Government before them, were hostile to the idea of Belarusian independence, began to take notice of the strong national feelings among Belarusians and of the pressure exerted by various Belarusian refugee organisations inside Russia. On 1 January 1919 the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (abbreviated as BSSR; initially it was called Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus or SSRB) was proclaimed. The new "state" did not exist long as a separate entity: In February of the same year it became part of a new creation called the Lithuanian-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic.
As the hopes of establishing Soviet rule in Lithuania receded, the idea of the latter was abandoned, and in summer 1920 the BSSR was restored in its pristine form. Territorially, however, the Republic comprised only a tiny part of Eastern Belarus (six counties of the Minsk province), while the Western part remained under Polish domination. This partition of Belarus was finally ratified in 1921 by the Soviet-Polish Treaty of Riga, and lasted until 1939.
The foregoing account may give an idea of the complexity of the problem faced by the student of Belarusian history during the first two decades of the 20th century. His task is not made easier by the absence of reliable bibliographical guide. What follows is not intended to be such a guide, but merely a description of relevant material available in the Francis Skaryna Belarusian Library in London.
Among the few bibliographical works there is A Bibliographical Guide to Belorussia by N. Vakar (Harvard U.P. 1956). Its section on the period in question (Nos 1022-1160 and 1384-1590 is useful at least as a beginning. Another work, Bibliahrafiia pa historyi Belarusi by M. Krakene and A. Sakol'chyk (Minsk 1969), contains a large section (Nos 3782-4453) on the period from 1900 to the February 1917. Only works in Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian are listed, and by no means not all of them. Works of authors such as U. Ihnatouski, A. Stankievich, A. Lutskievich, A. Tsvikievich, J. Naidziuk and others have been omitted.
To understand the events of 1900-1921 a knowledge of preceding period at least from 1861 is useful. An account of the whole period 1861-1921 in vols. 2 and 3 of the five-volume "academic" Historyia Belaruskai SSR (Minsk 1971-75) represents the official Soviet point of view, and suffers from the usual defects of works of this kind, namely partiality and omission of inconvenient facts. The new "academic" work, Narysy pa historyi Belarusi, ed. Kastsiuk et al. (2 vols., Minsk 1994-95), is an attempt at a more balanced view of history. The other general works on Belarus history, including chapters on the period in question, are Belarus uchora i siannia by J. Naidziuk (Minsk 1943; 2nd ed. Minsk 1993); Weissruthenien: Volk und Land by E. von Engelhardt (Berlin 1943); and Belorussia: the Making of the Nation by N. Vakar (Harvard U.P. 1957), the latter being written in a somewhat patronising tone. The latest addition is J. Zaprudnik's Belarus at the crossroads of History (Boulder-Oxford 1993; Belarusian edition Minsk 1996). Historyia Belarusi XIX i pachatku XX staletstsia by U. Ihnatouski (Minsk 1926) deals with the period of Belarusian history from the beginning of the 19th century to 1921. Da historyi belaruskaha palitychnaha vyzvalennia by A. Stankevich (Vilna 1934) is an interesting study of the Belarusian national movement between the years 1862-1921. Another work, covering roughly the same period, but concentrating particularly on the years 1905-1920, is Belorusskoe dvizhenie by F. Turuk (Moscow 1921; reprint Minsk 1992). It is a comprehensive and factual study of the period in question, written with rare objectivity and supported by the mass of documentary evidence. Ocherki po istorii revoliutsionnogo dvizheniia v Belorussii (1863-1917) by S. Agurski (Minsk 1928) is also well documented. Unlike Turuk, however, its author is mainly concerned with non-Belarusian parties, especially RSDRP (as the Communist party was then called).
Byelorussian Statehood, ed. V. & Z. Kipel (New York 1988) is a source book on the Belarusian history of 1917-21, containing writings of persons who were directly involved in the events of 1917-1921, such us Krecheuski, Varonka, Zakharka etc., articles by historians J. Zaprudnik, P. Urban and J. Menski, biographical notes on over 60 Belarusian leaders of the period, bibliography and chronological table of events. It is a must for everyone interested in the history of Belarusian struggle for national independence.
There is a scarcity of published documents on the period in question. The bulky vols. 3 and 4 of Dokumenty i materialy po istorii Belorussii (Minsk 1953 & 1954), contain documents of 1900-1917 and 1917-1919 resp., all in Russian, and one would in vain look in them for any mention of Belarus, let alone BNR. As far as Belarusian documents are concerned, apart from the above mentioned book by Turuk (39 documents), one should mention Kryvavy shliakh belaruskai natsdemokratyi by A. Ziuzkou (Minsk 1932). The author, hostile to Belarusian national movement, in an appendix gives texts of 31 documents of 1917-21.
Another major collection (58 documents) is found in Za dziarzhaunuiu nezalezhnasts Belarusi, ed. I. Kasiak (London 1960). A truly monumental work is Arkhivy Belaruskai Narodnai Respubliki, ed. S.Shupa (2 books, Vilna-New York 1998), containing over 3000 documents of the BNR from the Lithuanian State Archives.
Among the works on the period 1900-1917 there is first of all Za dvatstsats piats hadou by A. Lutskevich (Vilna 1928; 2nd ed. Minsk 1991, with postscript by A. Sidarevich). The author, one of the pioneers of the Belarusian national movement, traces the history of the first Belarusian political party, the Belaruskaia Satsyialistychnaia Hramada, and remembers the persons and events connected with it. The chapter "Belaruskaie natsyianalnaie adradzhennie (1902-1915)" in the book Z historyi Belarusi by J. Stankievich (Munich 1958) contains much interesting material on the Belarusian national movement, in which the author took active part. An assessment of the role played by the Communists in Belarusian movement is found in Bol'shevizm v revoliutsionnom dvizhenii Belorussii by N. Nedasek (Munich 1956). An important aspect of the Belarusian national activities before 1917 is considered in J. Zaprudnik's doctoral thesis Political struggle for Byelorussia in the Tsarist State Dumas 1906-1917 (Typescript, New York 1966) and a number of his articles on the same subject, such as "The struggle for Byelorussia's Autonomy in the First State Duma" (The Journal of Byelorussian Studies, Vol.II, No.3, London 1971), and "Byelorussia's Representatives in the Second State Duma" (Ibid., Vol.III, No.3, 1975). The development of Belarusian press, and in particular the newspaper Nasha niva, is the subject of the book Putsiaviny rodnaha slova by S. Aleksandrovich (Minsk 1971), and the article "Nasha niva" by the present writer (The Journal of Byelorussian Studies, Vol. I, No.3, 1967). Incidentally the sets of papers Nasha dolia (1906), and Nasha niva for the years (1906-1909) are now available in facsimile editions. Belaruski litaraturna-hramadski rukh u Petsiarburze by R. Semashkevich (Minsk 1971) is a study of the Belarusian colony (mainly students) in St Petersburg and their role in the Belarusian national movement.
There are several eyewitness accounts of the events from February 1917 to 1921. E. Kancher, his Belorusskii vopros (Petrograd 1919) left one of the first written accounts of the All-Belarusian Congress of December 1917 and the events leading to the proclamation of independence on 25 March 1918, of which he was not in favour. J. Varonka, the first prime minister of BNR, gave his version of events in Belaruski rukh ad 1917 da 1920 hodu (Kaunas 1920).
Other contemporary publications are Korotkii ocherk vozniknoveniia Belorusskoi Narodnoi Respubliki by A. Tsvikevich (Kiev 1918), and Uskhodniaia Belarus by A.I. (Minsk 1918), the latter giving a detailed picture of the growth of Belarusian movement leading to the declaration independence. There is also the first and only issue of the journal Varta (Minsk 1918), a semi-official organ of the Belarusian Government. P. Krecheuski, a member of the first Belarusian government and later President of the Council (Rada) of the BNR writes about the events of 1917-18 in his article "Belarus u minulym i suchasnym" in the first (and only) issue of the journal Zamiezhnaia Belarus (Prague 1926).
"Da Piershaha Usiebelaruskaha Ziezdu 1917" ed. I. Zaprudnik (Zapisy, Munich, No.2,1963; No.3, 1964; No. 4, 1966) is a useful collection of materials and documents on the All-Belarusian Congress, compiled from publications, not easily accessible today .
Attempts to form Belarusian army are described in various articles, such as "Belaruskiia vaiskovyia farmatsyi na Rumynskim frontsie" by S.K. (the journal Kryvich, No.1, Kaunas 1923), "Belaruskaia Vaiskovaia Tsentralnaia Rada" by K. Iezavitau (Ibid., No.7, 1924, No.9, 1925); "Histarychny kalendar belaruskikh addzielau litouskaha voiska" by A. Sam. (Krynitsa, Vilna, No.4, 1939; Nos 7, 16, 27, 40, 1940); "Piershy belaruski polk u Horadni i iak paliaki razbroili iaho" by A. Uspienski (Ranitsa, Berlin, No.44, 1943, et seq); "25 Uhodki Horadzienskaie Hubernskaie Upravy" by V.B. (ibid. No.49-50, 1943; 1-2, 1944). The only issue of Na chuzhynie (Riga 1920), organ of gen. S. Buklakh-Balakhovich and his "private army", is of interest for the study of this controversial figure who caused BNR more embarrassment than help. Bialoruskie formacje wojskowe 1917-1923 by O. Latyszonek (Bialystok 1995) is the first comprehensive study of Belarusian military units. Another recent publication is "Polskaia palityka na Bielarusi u chasie Polska-Balshavitskaie vainy 1919-1920 h." by F. Kushal in his Sproby stvarennia belaruskaha voiska (Minsk 1999).
Very little was written about BNR by Soviet historians, and almost invariably in a negative manner. The book by Ziuzkou (see above) is a good example. Among the more recent publications there are Niepazbiezhnaie bankrutstva by M. Stashkievich (Minsk 1974), and also his and I. Kovkel's Pochemu ne sostoialas BNR (Minsk1980), with its English version Why was the BNR never formed (Minsk 1983). On the other hand there is great number of works on the establishment of the Belarusian Soviet Republic, practically all suffering of the same defect, namely one-sidedness and suppression of inconvenient facts. Such are Utvarennie Belaruskai Sacyialistychnai Respubliki (Minsk 1946) and Belorusskii narod v bor'be za sovetskuiu vlast' (Minsk 1963) by N. Kamenskaia; Sozdanie i uprochnenie belorusskoi gosudarstvennosti by S. Margunskii (Minsk 1958); Pobeda Sovetskoi vlasti v Belorussii, ed. I. Mints (Minsk 1967). More serious, although still in the same spirit is Rozhdenie Belorusskoi Sovetskoi Respubliki by V. Krutalevich (Minsk 1975). His most recent work, Stanovlenie natsional'noi derzhavnosti (Minsk 1999), written in somewhat different circumstances, contains a wealth of concrete material. Among works by non-Soviet writers one should mention Bol'shevizm na putiakh k ustanovleniiu kontrolia nad Belorussiu by N. Nedasek (Munich 1954), and his "National self-determination under the Soviets" (Belorussian Review, No.8, Munich 1960), as well as "The Establishment of the Belorussian SSR" by J. Menski (ibid, No.1, 1955).
Belarusian-Polish relations, and in particular the Polish occupation of 1919-1920, are dealt with in Adradzhennie Belarusi i Polshcha by A. Tsvikievich (Berlin 1921); Belorussy i poliaki by K. Iezavitau (Kaunas 1919); Belorusskii vopros k momentu Versal'skoi Mirnoi Konferentsii by I. Varonka (Kaunas 1919); Polskaia akupatsyia Belarusi by A. Lutskievich (Vilna 1920); Uspaminy ab polskai akupatsyi Hrodzienshchyny by I. Antonau (n.p. 1921); and in the clandestine journal Sielanskaia dolia (n.p. 1921-22). The Polish position with regard to Belarus is stated in Les confins orientaux de la Pologne (Paris 1919), an official publication for the Versailles Conference. Other works include Zywiol polski na ziemiach litewskich by M. Swiechowski (Zakopane 1917), Polska a Litwa i Bialorus by J. Sorokowicz (Warsaw 1919); Panstwo polskie a kwestia bialoruska by Szczesny Bronowski (Warsaw 1919); Litwa i Bialorus by L. Wasilewski (Warsaw 1925); Sprawa bialoruska by S. Elski (Warsaw 1931); Federaliam. Litwa i Bialorus w polityce obozu Belwederskiego (XI 1918 – IV 1920) by J. Lewandowski (Warsaw 1962); Polityka wschodnia Polski wobec ziem Litwy, Bialorusi i Ukrainy (1918-1919) by A. Deruga (Warsaw 1969) and others.
The position of Belarusian Catholics and their role in the Belarusian national life have been studied by A. Stankievich in his Rodnaia mova u sviatyniakh (Vilna 1929) and Bielaruski khrystsiianski rukh (Vilna 1939). K. Svaiak (Fr. K. Stepovich) in his diary Dzieia maioi mysli, serca i voli (Vilna 1932; 2nd ed. London 1991), draws the picture of difficulties encountered by a Belarusian Catholic priest in his pastoral work. An interesting work, dealing to great extent with this subject is Stosunek Biskupa Jerzego Matulewicza do spraw jezykowych w Diecezji Wilenskiej, 1918-1925, by T. Gorski (Warsaw 1970). No similar work exists with regard to the Orthodox Church, but some information may be found in the book Belarus by Archbp Afanasi (Buenos Aires 1966; 2nd ed. Minsk 1990).
Much useful information can be found in the contemporary papers, namely Homan (Vilna 1916-1918), Bielaruskae zhytstsio (Vilna 1919); Belarus (Minsk 1919-1920).
There are incomplete sets of these publications in the F. Skaryna Library. Starting with 1989 many interesting and valuable articles and hitherto inaccessible materials have appeared in journals Polymia, Neman, Belaruski histarychny chasopis and especially Spadchyna, all published in Minsk.
The foregoing description does not pretend to be a complete bibliography, but it is hoped that it shows the wealth of material on the struggle of Belarusians for their national identity early in the 20th century, and the proclamation independence on 25 March 1918. In the years that followed those who were in power in Belarus did their utmost to make Belarusians forget this event as well as the rest of their history. The consequences of this policy are felt today.
In 1991, with he collapse of the Soviet Union, Belarus obtained its independence. However, the euphoria created by that event was short-lived. Now Belarus resembles not so much an independent country, but a reservation for aborigines of an almost extinct species known as Homo Sovieticus. It is governed by a regime of doubtful legitimacy and Belarusian only in name. Thus if Belarusians want to have any future as a nation, it is of utmost urgency for them to regain the sense of their history and national dignity. Those are the thoughts on the eve of marking the anniversary of the proclamation of Belarusian independence on 25 March 1918. Incidentally, just like in Soviet times, the commemoration of this date in the present-day "independent" Belarus is banned.
by Fr. Alexander Nadson
London, March 2000
Tags: а. Аляксандар НадсанАртыкулы радных БНРЛёндан
Address to Conference "Belarus – our new neighbour" in Czech Senate (20.3.2004)
Consecration of the Belarusian Church in London: address by President of BNR Rada
Towards Legal Settlement of Communist Crimes: Belarusian Perspective
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This winter, I packed my bags, dusted off my passport and headed to the Netherlands for the third annual YoastCon. Here are some top takeaways for marketers.
"There's an app for that?" More like "there's a plugin for that" – at least in the world of Wordpress. Wordpress plugins are easy to install, intuitive to use and can greatly extend the functionality of your website.


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Kevin diligently serves a full array of clients from first time home buyers, to investors and those seeking his comprehensive relocation services. He is highly diligent in covering every angle in researching and providing his clients with the critical information needed to make thoughtful and balanced decisions. Sellers benefit from his resourceful marketing strategies which incorporate customized marketing and sales materials that clearly accentuate each property's specific features. He leverages their property's visibility by utilizing professional, high-quality photography together with a presentation on multiple internet sites. When working with buyers, he carefully takes the time and attention to evaluate and prioritize his clients' goals so that he may skillfully find a home that meets their budget and lifestyle requirements. Regardless of the time and effort it takes, Kevin exhibits a fierce commitment to identifying just the right property for each buyer.
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I was in Africa, together with the other largest chocolate manufacturers and cocoa trading companies in the world, for a series of meetings coordinated by the World Cocoa Foundation.
Last week, this Cocoa Life credo once again resounded.
We were there in support of the cocoa industry's CocoaAction sustainability strategy. Our goal is to find common solutions to the daunting issues facing the cocoa industry.
We recognize that none of us will solve these issues alone. Only by working together can we truly transform the cocoa supply chain.
What struck me last week was the unwavering commitment to collaboration.
My industry colleagues and I met on common ground. We were asking the exact same questions: Can we help farmers increase their income? Can we help farmers get more plants? Can we inspire the next generation of cocoa farmers? Sharing this higher purpose motivated us.
Our new collaboration as a united industry with the government was also inspiring. We met with the Presidents of Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire, the First Lady of Côte d'Ivoire, and the Heads of each country's respective cocoa boards. The purpose of these meetings was to share our thinking on a new, unified industry approach to cocoa sustainability and to sign Declarations of Intent to work with the governments of these two countries, which represent almost 70 percent of the world's supply of cocoa. The government leaders recognized and appreciated that we have put our individual interests aside and come together with the best interests of the farmers and communities in mind. We are determined to work together, to have greater impact, faster.
Especially heartening was the alignment of vision and purpose at the community level. I saw farmers sharing best practices, pooling resources for warehouses and health centers, and motivating each other. I met Madame Fanny, president of a co-op in Côte d'Ivoire supported by Cocoa Life. Madame Fanny exudes optimism and determination. Her smile is radiant. Her hard work has earned her the position of president in a male-dominated co-op. When I asked how a woman became president, people answered, "Well, she's just the best. There was no question, because we want to succeed."
This trip confirmed that we all want the same things. Now we can focus our efforts on forward-moving action. The challenges remain daunting, yet the promise of ongoing collaboration lifted my spirits. There is much work for all of us to do, but so much more seems possible when we all pull in the same direction.


text:
Tragedies
By: Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)
Christopher "Kit" Marlowe (baptised 26 February 1564 – 30 May 1593) was an English dramatist, poet, and translator of the Elizabethan era. The foremost Elizabethan tragedian before William Shakespeare, he is known for his magnificent blank verse, his overreaching protagonists, and his own untimely death. The Jew of Malta (1589) is an original story of religious conflict, intrigue, and revenge, set against a backdrop of the struggle for supremacy between Spain and the Ottoman Empire in the Mediterranean...
Tamburlaine the Great is the name of a play in two parts by Christopher Marlowe. It is loosely based on the life of the Central Asian emperor, Timur 'the lame'. Written in 1587 or 1588, the play is a milestone in Elizabethan public drama; it marks a turning away from the clumsy language and loose plotting of the earlier Tudor dramatists, and a new interest in fresh and vivid language, memorable action, and intellectual complexity. Along with Thomas Kyd's The Spanish Tragedy, it may be considered the first popular success of London's public stage...
Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1616 version)
The Tragicall History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, commonly referred to simply as Doctor Faustus, is a play by Christopher Marlowe, based on the Faust story, in which a man sells his soul to the devil for power and knowledge. Doctor Faustus was first published in 1604, eleven years after Marlowe's death and at least twelve years after the first performance of the play. "No Elizabethan play outside the Shakespeare canon has raised more controversy than Doctor Faustus. There is no agreement concerning the nature of the text and the date of composition...
Christopher Marlowe's Elizabethan tragedy focuses on the downfall of King Edward II, whose love for his favorite courtier, Piers Gaveston, leads to rebellion.
By: Clemence Dane (1888-1965)
Bill of Divorcement
A Bill of Divorcement describes a day in the lives of a middle-aged British woman named Margaret "Meg" Fairfield, her daughter Sydney, Sydney's fiancé Kit Humphreys, Meg's fiancé Gray Meredith, and Meg's husband Hilary, who escapes after spending almost twenty years in a mental hospital. A 1932 film of the same name was directed by George Cukor and starred Katharine Hepburn and John Barrymore.
By: D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930)
The Prussian Officer and Other Stories
The collection of short stories – of which The Prussian Officer is one – was Lawrence's first such book. A German officer and his orderly are the focus of the piece and, while socially the superior of his orderly, the officer demonstrates his is the distinctly baser character. (Introduction by Cathy Barratt)
By: Edgar Lee Masters (1868-1950)
Spoon River Anthology
Two hundred and twelve residents of a small town tell their stories without fear of recrimination or ridicule. The only difference is that they're all dead! The two hundred and forty-four poems that form the Spoon River Anthology by Edgar Lee Masters is really a series of epitaphs about the citizens of a fictional town called Spoon River and deals with the "plain and simple annals" of small town America. Edgar Lee Masters grew up in a small town in Illinois. His father's financial problems forced the young Masters to abandon ideas of college and take up a job instead...
By: Elizabeth Cary (1585-1639)
Tragedy of Mariam
The Tragedy of Mariam (1613) is the first original drama written in English by a woman. Elizabeth Cary drew on Jewish histories by Josephus to create a closet drama (written to be read, rather than performed live) about Mariam, the second wife of Herod the Great. At the beginning of the play, Mariam believes that Herod has been killed by Octavius, and struggles with how to respond. On the one hand, she is relieved, as she is angry with Herod for killing her brother and grandfather. On the other, she knows that he loved her, and she feels caught by her sense of duty as his wife. When Herod unexpectedly returns, Mariam must decide what to do.
By: Émile Zola (1840-1902)
L'Assommoir
Émile François Zola (French pronunciation: [emil zɔˈla]) (2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was an influential French writer, the most important exemplar of the literary school of naturalism. More than half of Zola's novels were part of a set of twenty novels about a family under the Second Empire collectively known as Les Rougon-Macquart. L'Assommoir (1877) is the seventh novel in the series. Usually considered one of Zola's masterpieces, the novel—a harsh and uncompromising study of alcoholism and poverty in the working-class districts of Paris—was a huge commercial success and established Zola's fame and reputation throughout France and the world.
By: Emily Bronte (1818-1848)
Emily Bronte's first and only novel, Wuthering Heights, portrays the obsessive and vengeful love story between Heathcliff and Catherine. Images of cruelty and passion with an incorporation of gothic supernatural elements set the dark and misty atmosphere present throughout the novel. Moving between two neighboring houses, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, the wild love story turned destructive obsession is narrated by Mr. Lockwood through his diary entries. Bronte sets the novel into motion with the arrival of Mr...
By: Euripides (480-406 BC)
This tragedy is based on the mythological story of King Pentheus of Thebes and his mother Agave, and their punishment by the god Dionysus (who is Pentheus' cousin) for refusing to worship him.
Euripides' play follows the fates of the women of Troy after their city has been sacked, their husbands killed, and as their remaining families are about to be taken away as slaves. However, it begins first with the gods Athena and Poseidon discussing ways to punish the Greek armies because they condoned Ajax the Lesser for dragging Cassandra away from Athena's temple. What follows shows how much the Trojan women have suffered as their grief is compounded when the Greeks dole out additional deaths and divide their shares of women.
Euripides' tragedy focuses on the disintegration of the relationship between Jason, the hero who captured the Golden Fleece, and Medea, the sorceress who returned with him to Corinth and had two sons with him. As the play opens, Jason plans to marry the daughter of King Creon, and the lovesick Medea plots how to take her revenge.
Eurpides' tragedy tells of Theseus' chaste son Hippolytus, who refuses to worship Aphrodite in favor of Artemis. Aphrodite gets revenge by causing Hippolytus' stepmother Phaedra to fall in love with him, unleashing a chain of tragic events.
By: Ford Madox Ford (1873-1939)
The Good Soldier (1915) "... is set just before World War I and chronicles the tragedies of the lives of two seemingly perfect couples. The novel is told using a series of flashbacks in non-chronological order, a literary technique pioneered by Ford. It also makes use of the device of the unreliable narrator, as the main character gradually reveals a version of events that is quite different from what the introduction leads you to believe. The novel was loosely based on two incidents of adultery and on Ford's messy personal life."Music in sections 1-5 "Minuet in G flat major and Valse Bluette" by Beethoven
By: Francis Beaumont (1584-1616)
The Maid's Tragedy
Beaumont and Fletcher's The Maid's Tragedy (first published 1619) is a sensational Jacobean sex tragedy. When gentleman soldier Melantius returns to Rhodes, he finds his dear friend Amintor is recently married - but not to his troth-plight love Aspatia (the maid of the title). Instead, the King has arranged a match between Amintor and Melantius' sister, the beautiful Evadne. On his wedding night, Amintor finds that his new wife has married him under false pretenses - and this unleashes a torrent of dire consequences, sexual, emotional, and ultimately political.
By: Francis Brett Young (1884-1954)
The Tragic Bride
The story centers on Gabrielle Hewish, only and lonely child of Sir Jocelyn Hewish, a loveable lush and owner of the peaceful Roscarna estate nestled in the Irish countryside. In due course, young Gabrielle falls in love with a Navy man whose untimely demise sends her into a depression, and the consequences of which alter her future, culminating in a fascinating and quite unpredictable relationship with Mrs. Payne and her troubled son Arthur. A story of understanding in it's finest sense and aptly titled, The Tragic Bride is both interesting as a story and telling as a character study.
By: Frank Norris (1870-1902)
The Octopus
Frank Norris based his 1901 novel The Octopus (A Story of California) on the Mussel Slough Tragedy of 1880, a bloody conflict between ranchers and agents of the Southern Pacific Railroad. The central issue was over the ownership of the ranches, which the farmers had leased from the railroad nearly ten years earlier with intentions of eventually purchasing the land. Although originally priced at $2.50 to $5 per acre, the railroad eventually opened the land for sale at prices adjusted for land improvements; the railroad's attempts to take possession of the land led the ranchers to defend themselves as depicted in the book.
By: Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805)
Schiller's tragedy depicts the final days of Mary, Queen of Scots, who has been imprisoned by her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I, because of her potential claim on the English throne. The action of the play revolves around an attempt to rescue Mary from prison and Elizabeth's indecision over whether or not to have her executed. The 1801 translation is by Joseph Mellish, a friend of Schiller's.
Ferdinand is an army major and son of President von Walter, a high-ranking noble in a German duke's court, while Luise Miller is the daughter of a middle-class musician. The couple fall in love with each other, but both their fathers tell them to end their affair. The President instead wants to expand his own influence by marrying Ferdinand to Lady Milford, the duke's mistress, but Ferdinand rebels against his father's plan and tries to persuade Luise to elope with him.
By: Gaston Leroux (1868-1927)
A masterly mix of romance, drama, mystery, suspense, love and jealousy, The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux will haunt you long after you've turned the last page. Today the world knows it by Andrew Lloyd-Webber's long running musical on stage and its 2004 film adaptation, and earlier from Lon Chaney's screen portrayal of the dark intruder who roams the Paris Opera House. However, Gaston Leroux's novel was first released as a serial in the French magazine, La Gaulois over four months in 1909-10...
By: Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880)
The strands woven together in Gustave Flaubert's famous, path breaking 1856 novel Madame Bovary include a provincial town in Normandy, France, a shy young doctor with an indifferent career and a lovely young woman who lives in a fantasy world based on the innumerable romantic novels she reads. Of course there is also the story of a dull marriage punctuated by passionate, adulterous love affairs. First published in serial form in a Parisian magazine and deemed to be the "perfect" novel, Flaubert's debut was received by both readers and critics with acclaim and admiration...
By: Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)
The Master Builder
Henrik Ibsen's The Master Builder, first published in 1892, is about architect Halvard Solness, who despite personal tragedy (including the death of his two sons) has risen to the top of his profession. He has succeeded partly through ruthless competition and exploitation and partly through a seeming ability to force his will on others. His unhappy wife Aline mourns for their lost life, and resents his interest in various young women, including his bookkeeper Kaia Fosli. Solness disregards the ambitions of other architects, including Knut Brovik and his son Ragnar, and seeks solace in the advice of family physician and friend Dr...
Henrik Ibsen's Ghosts was first published in 1881 and staged in 1882, and like his earlier play A Doll's House, profoundly shocked his contemporaries. Dubbed "a dirty deed done in public" by one of its critics, the play focuses on (among other things) venereal disease, euthanasia, and incest. The original title literally means "the ones who return," and the play is about how we can deal with the awful legacy of the past.
Little Eyolf
Henrik Ibsen's 1894 play Little Eyolf tells the story of the Allmers family: the father, Alfred, his wife Rita, their crippled nine-year-old son Eyolf, and Alfred's sister Asta. As the play begins, Alfred has just gotten back from a trip to the mountains, and resolves to spend more time with his son, rather than on intellectual pursuits. Asta is romantically pursued by Borgheim, an engineer, while the cracks in Alfred and Rita's marriage gradually reveal themselves. The family receives a visit from the Rat-Wife, and are never the same again.
Rosmersholm
Rosmersholm is a play written in 1886 by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. In the estimation of many critics the piece is Ibsen's masterwork, only equalled by The Wild Duck of 1884. As expressed by the protagonist, Rosmer, the theme of the play is social and political change, in which the traditional ruling classes relinquish their right to impose their ideals on the rest of society, but the action is entirely personal, resting on the conduct of the immoral, or amoral, "free thinking" heroine, Rebecca, who sets herself to undermine Rosmer's religious and political beliefs because of his influential position in the community...
When We Dead Awaken
When We Dead Awaken (1899) is the last play by Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen. Dreamlike and highly symbolic, the play charts the dissolution of sculptor Arnold Rubek's marriage to Maia, her flirtation with Ulfheim, and his involvement with the mysterious Irene, his former model. The tensions rise between the characters as they climb higher and higher into the Norwegian mountains.
Inflamed by what he saw as his Norwegian homeland's shocking betrayal of Denmark after the Prussian invasion of Danish territory, Ibsen wrote "Brand" as an indictment of human complacency and rigidity of mind. Composing this "dramatic poem" from his self-imposed exile in Italy, Ibsen had long agonized over the stodgy provincialism of his countrymen, but the abandonment of Denmark took on the dimensions in his imagination of a human tragedy far surpassing his own personal experiences. Brand is a priest who refuses to compromise, at the cost of great suffering to others, and who lives by unrealizable ideals...
By: Homer
A divinely beautiful woman who becomes the cause of a terrible war in which the gods themselves take sides. Valor and villainy, sacrifices and betrayals, triumphs and tragedies play their part in this three thousand year old saga. The Iliad throws us right into the thick of battle. It opens when the Trojan War has already been raging for nine long years. An uneasy truce has been declared between the Trojans and the Greeks (Achaeans as they're called in The Iliad.) In the Greek camp, Agamemnon the King of Mycenae and Achilles the proud and valiant warrior of Phthia are locked in a fierce contest to claim the spoils of war...
By: Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre
Paul and Virginia
Paul and Virginia was first published in 1787. The novel's title characters are very good friends since birth who fall in love, but sadly die when the ship Le Saint-Geran is wrecked. The story is set in the island of Mauritius under French rule, then named Île de France, which the author had visited. Written on the eve of the French Revolution, the novel is hailed as Bernardin's finest work. It records the fate of a child of nature corrupted by the false, artificial sentimentality that prevailed at the time among the upper classes of France.
By: Jean Racine (1639-1699)
In the court of Louis XIV, adaptations of Greek tragedies were very popular. This play, heavily influenced by Euripides' Hippolytus, deals with love that violates social taboos. Note: In Racine's work, a new "scene" begins whenever a character enters or exits. Therefore, there are no stage directions, only a list of the characters on stage for each scene. The action is continuous for the entire act.


The US-based National Endowment for the Arts has recently published a study "When Going Gets Tough: Barriers and Incentives Affecting Arts Attendance" in which it focuses on this public who expresses interest in exhibitions or performing arts but nevertheless does not move (interested non-attendees).
Nearly one American in seven (13.3%) was interested in going to one of the events mentioned above but did not.
Knowing more about its public's interests in particularly vital for arts organizations and institutions. In fact, attendance and culture consumption (based in the study on benchmarks such as ballet, opera, musicals, theater, classical music, jazz and exhibitions) have been decreasing steadily in the last twenty years. Thus in 2012, only 33.4% of adults have attended one of the performances and exhibitions in the past year, against 41% in 1992!
Beyond the familiar sociocultural divisions – and in fact much more subjective than you might think, as underlined by the study, the most important common motivation the public mentions when they say why they go to a show or exhibition is undoubtedly: hanging out with friends and / or family. And this concerns more than half of them. This motivation is also particularly strong for the public to performing arts (76% of respondents) vs. exhibit visitors, who prefer learning new things (88%) to socialization (68%).
Attendance motivation varies quite strongly when concerning performing arts or exhibitions. In fact, museum or gallery visitors are more interested in the prospect of learning something, discovering high quality art – the term is somewhat surprising and very subjective – and supporting their community and geting to a particular location (I went to MoMA, I am proud and I talk about it). Performing arts attendees are, on their end, clearly motivated by the thought of going to see somebody or something in particular, but also by the possibility of socialization offered by this kind of event (they rarely go there alone, unlike museum lovers who are not accompanied for 37% of them).
These motivations are therefore particularly useful when it comes to address the already coming public in a more relevant way. This study is also a great tool to develop strategies to retain one's audience through sub-segmentation.
But beside that, there remains a significant proportion (13.3%) which is interested in the current cultural offer but for a reason or another, does not make not up to the visit.
In my opinion, the most important fact in that study is that a big part of arts organizations non-public is somewhat interested in the culture offer and represents about one American in 7.
The main barrier advanced by respondents is the lack of time (30% of them). Lack of time is especially important for parents with children under six (60%), as it seems to be more complex to find soomeone to baby-sit. By cons, for others, the excuse is quite surprising when you consider that in fact Americans have nowadays more free time. Simply, having the time or not for certain activities is just part of a choice, already full, already made. Indeed, for 5 hours of daily leisure (95% of Americans 15+), the first choice will be TV watching, then exercising and finally socializing activities (bars, dinners , etc.). The latter is particularly interesting when considering arts attendees first motivation: socialization. Perhaps is there something to work on?
the fact of having no one with whom to get there (22% of them).
It is also important to note that people who have cited cost as a barrier to cultural consumption are 78% to mention as a major obstacle.
Last but not least key point to note is one's perception of one's social and economic class. This follows perfectly Bourdieu's studies on cultural capital. Indeed, it is not only the degree or income level or belonging to a certain economic category that hinders cultural consumption, but the perception people have of theirs. Thus many Americans "downgrade" (2/3 of the middle class members say they belong to the working class) or "upgrade" themselves (1/3 of working class members say they belong to the middle class). The failure to perceive themselves in the right socio-professional category make individuals to adopt behaviours of this category instead of their objective theirs.
This study offers a great background before launching a public and cultural development strategy: what kind of public are we looking loyalty from and how?
Although this study focuses on US (and therefore the entire chapter beased on racial and political behaviors needs to be taken lightly), the main motivations of people going (or not) in cultural sites are particularly interesting and might help institutions to bring some diversity in their cultural and public policies instead of focusing – too much maybe? – on specific fares and triggers.


Selling a Highly Appreciated Multifamily Building Could Trigger a Substantial Capital Gains Tax.
As we look at the last 10 years leading up to the Proposition 10 vote on November 6th that could repeal the Costa Hawkins Rental Housing Act, there has been record appreciation for apartment owners in the San Francisco real estate market. It is not uncommon for owners to have tripled the value of their property in this time frame. Obviously, this is great news for owners. But with Prop 10 looming and the vote likely too close to call, many of our clients are looking for ways to get out of the SF market before the next inevitable attack on property owners. Will it be the major revision of Prop 13 that introduces a split tax roll, requiring apartment owners to have their property reassessed and taxed at the current full value? Maybe it will be a repeal of the Ellis Act. Either of them are the most likely candidates for a next wave attack here in San Francisco. It's no surprise that owners are scared of the future of the real estate market in San Francisco and they are seriously considering their options.
One option we're seeing owners look at more and more is to sell their property, using a 1031 Exchange and converting it into the purchase of an NNN investment. My business partner Mason McDowell and I recently helped a client sell his rent-controlled apartment building in the Hayes Valley, do a 1031 exchange, and convert it into a net leased Apple- bee's restaurant in Michigan. He had owned and cared for the apartment building for forty years. He and his wife planned to use the income for their retirement as well as providing supplemental income for his children. Throughout his long- term ownership, he enjoyed his fair share of late-night calls to be let in the building by tenants with lost keys. Once he even had a tenant who lit the place on fire, costing him thousands of dollars.
As the owner aged, he started to question whether the hard work of owning and managing an apartment build- ing was practical for him (not to mention his kids having no interest in taking up the reins) and decided that as he looked to the future he preferred an investment that didn't require such hands-on attention.
He's not alone. Many owners find themselves in this situation and are not sure what to do. That's where we came in. With a little guidance from us, the client sold his SF apartment building and purchased the Applebee's. This allowed him to increase his cash flow through a net, net, net (NNN) leased investment, plus he deferred his taxes on the gain through the magic of the 1031 Exchange. If it sounds too good to be true, believe me, it is not.
Read on to see some frequently-asked questions and answers that explain how selling an apartment building, using the 1031 Exchange, and converting it into an NNN leased investment works.
Q: What is an NNN leased investment?
Also called Net Net Net and sometimes Triple Net, each of these terms refers to single tenant properties in which the owner has no responsibility for the operation or maintenance of the property. A typical example would be Walgreens drugstore or Starbucks. Tenants or lessees pay the rent to the landlord or lessor. The tenant pays all the other expenses directly which typically include property taxes, property insurance, and building maintenance. The Tenant takes care of all of the property expenses except the mort- gage (Net of taxes, Net of insurance, Net of building maintenance—NNN).
Boot is the difference in price between the what an owner sells his property for and the cost of the new property in a 1031 Exchange. Think of selling property like climbing stairs. The down-leg is the property you are selling. The up-leg is the property you are buying. If the price of the new property is less than what you got for the old property, that's considered boot and you will likely be taxed on the difference. As long as you buy the replacement property--the up-leg-- for the same price or higher, you will not have boot and you are allowed to defer the tax on the gain from your down-leg. That's the goal when buying investment property.
Q: What is 1031 ex- change "boot" and the best way to avoid it?
Q: What are the dead- lines owners must make to complete a successful 1031?
There are two key dates: The first is the identification period, which means the client needs to identify which property they intend to buy within 45 days after the first close of escrow. The second is closing escrow on the replacement property, which must happen 180 days after the first close of escrow. The I.D. period moves very quickly. I have done two 1031 exchanges personally and I've found that after the 30th day without identifying a prospective property, I spent a lot of sleepless nights, worrying about making the deadline. In addition, we have helped numerous clients with their 1031 exchanges. With this combined experience, we have developed strategies that help sellers manage the deadlines in the process.
Q: What is the best NNN to buy?
That is the magic question. Much like fine art, it's in the eye of the beholder. Typically, the higher the return on an NNN property the more risk in that in- vestment. The tenant could leave that location or even go out of business. Back in 2003, when I first started re- searching them, the best NNN investments were drugstores like Walgreens. They were opening everywhere. Today, retailers like Sears, Macys and Toys R US are faced with some tough competition from a little trillion-dollar company called Amazon. So, today we look for companies who don't compete with Amazon very much. Companies that sell auto parts, discount clothing, restaurants, and even kidney dialysis are popular sectors. No one goes to Amazon to fix their brakes or see to their health. But you need to keep a continuous eye on the market. What works today, may not work tomorrow.
Q: What is the best NNN lease length?
The owners we have worked with generally look for at least 10 years left on the lease. Some prefer even longer leases. Short term leases have downsides and thus are often at a higher yield or cap rate due to the risk of releasing the space if the tenant chooses not to sign a new lease at the end of the term.
Q: Should you have a lease guarantee?
The best leases are guaranteed by the underlying corporation or a significant franchisee. Just like when you rent to a tenant who is a student or someone who has a bad credit rating, you ask for a parent guarantee or a co-signer. It's good business to guarantee the lease.
Q: What if my tenant moves out or goes out of business?
It can happen and if so, the owner will need to find another tenant. A good example is Blockbuster Video. At one point there were over 4,500 Blockbuster stores in the U.S. Anyone older than 25 will remember these stores where you could rent VHS tapes and later DVDs. They were a very popular NNN investment. Unfortunately, that market died with the rise of Netflix and other streaming services. There are no real protections from a company that eventually leaves the space due to going out of business. However, if you look at the former Blockbuster on Ocean Avenue in San Francisco, it is now a CVS and the one on Bush at Leavenworth is now a popular gym.
Q: What if we only find a property that is $50,000 less than we need for our 1031?
There are two options we recommend. If cash comes out of the sale at close of escrow, then it is considered Boot. Boot is taxable. The tax varies by your financial situation (please consult your CPA or Tax Attorney, as we are not licensed in this area), but all in it amounts to about 40% payment in taxes. These taxes are long term capital gains both state and federal, plus depreciation recapture. With the $50,000 above, that means after tax it would amount to approximately $30,000 net to the seller. For some sellers it's easiest just to pay the taxes. The other option we recommend is a vehicle which is similar to a mutual fund of properties. These are called DST's or Delaware Statutory Trusts. We like this for small increments of money, but not for the entire sale.
Q: What's the deal with "flexible" 1031 exchange accommodators?
These are facilitators that ignore the law, which puts you at risk, by exceeding the 45-day deadline. This can result in in- validating the 1031 Exchange and incur a high amount of taxes (or unexpected taxes) and pricey penalties due. We do not utilize these facilitators with our clients because we would never advise an illegal strategy that would put our clients at risk (not to mention our real estate licenses). Think of it like speeding on the freeway: you might never get caught, but if you do, your "speeding ticket" in this case, might be a complete invalidation of your 1031 Exchange. In- stead, we have a strategy we call the "Accordion Close" that allows a seller to make a deal where he dictates a close of escrow date on his down-leg property, which effectively gives him more than the 45-day period to find a property. In one case, we were able to extend the timing from sale to selecting an up-leg property to almost 12 months.
Terrence specializes in the evaluation, sale, purchase and tax-deferred exchange of apartment and mixed use buildings in the Bay Area, with a focus on San Francisco.
His diverse experience in commercial brokerage, development, property management and construction helps make him uniquely qualified to provide highly professional consultation and brokerage services to the commercial investment community.Terrence personally manages apartment units and is the Managing Member for apartment investments in San Francisco.


MAVS 257: ASMR You Serious?
Headphones are strongly recommended for this weeks episode for full immersion. Matt and Andrew explore a fad they've wanted to talk about for a while and it gets... interesting? You be the judge. Just don't be the judge on Stitcher, that platform is trash.


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Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation announces 2020 Moore Inventor Fellows
Fellowship established to honor one of Silicon Valley's founders recognizes early-career, scientist-inventors across the country.
Today, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation announced the 2020 cohort of Moore Inventor Fellows. The fellowship supports scientist-inventors who create new tools and technologies with a high potential to accelerate progress in the foundation's areas of interest: scientific discovery, environmental conservation and patient care.
"The Moore Inventor Fellowship recognizes the power of innovation to solve problems and reimagine our world," said Harvey V. Fineberg, M.D., Ph.D., president of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. "We are pleased to recognize the spectrum of disciplines, ideas and approaches embodied in this group of fellows."
While their backgrounds and fields of expert knowledge are varied, the fellows all share a common curiosity about our world and a passion for transformative ideas. This year's inventions have potential applications in: targeted radiotherapy of cancers; creation of ultra-secure and low power communications networks; affordable point of care infection diagnosis; new energy sources enabling autonomous monitoring in remote areas; and illuminating previously inaccessible layers of biological specimens.
"Our Moore Inventor Fellows come from a wide range of institutions across the country," explained Robert Kirshner, Ph.D., the foundation's chief program officer for Science. "What they have in common is a passion to create positive outcomes for the future."
This year, the foundation received nearly 200 nominations, from which five fellows were selected. Each fellow receives a total of $825,000 over three years to drive their invention forward, which includes $50,000 per year from their home institution as a commitment to these outstanding individuals.
Launched in 2016 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Moore's Law, the revolutionary prediction that anticipated the exponential growth of computing power, the fellowship embraces the spirit of Gordon Moore's passion for science and penchant for inventing. The foundation expects the Moore Inventor Fellows will enable breakthroughs that accelerate progress over the next fifty years. This marks the fifth cohort of fellows and the second completed cohort. The foundation plans to allocate a total of nearly $34 million through 2026 to support fifty Moore Inventor Fellows – five fellows per year for ten years, beginning in 2016.
Nominations for 2021 Moore Inventor Fellows are being solicited from eligible institutions until November 16th, 2020. To gain access to the application system, please send the name and contact information for your institution's point of contact to inventors@moore.org by October 1, 2020.
More information is available at moore.org/inventors.
Eszter Boros, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University
@e_boros
Eszter Boros' invention enables the highly selective capture of radioactive metal ions, such as those of the element scandium. Her invention paves the way for the application of scandium radioisotopes in the non-invasive, early diagnosis and targeted radiotherapy of cancers.
Boubacar Kanté, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley
@kantephysics
Boubacar Kanté has pioneered quantum topological optics with the invention of topological light sources and lasers. These could be used for robust and energy efficient computing, sensing, and imaging.
Jacqueline Linnes, Ph.D., Marta E. Gross Assistant Professor, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University
@jacBi_linnes
James Pikul, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania
@LabPiRokul
James Pikul combines robotics and electrochemistry to create new energy sources. His invention will create a synthetic metabolism to power off-grid electronics that conserve and monitor the health of our planet.
Joshua Weinstein, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Genetic Medicine and Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago
@jaweinst
Joshua Weinstein is developing a new form of imaging that uses artificial DNA molecules chemically reacting inside a biological specimen to capture an image of that specimen. This approach holds the potential to more deeply illuminate the information-content of living systems.
In The News Moore Inventor Fellows
University of Chicago, Department of Medicine
Joshua Weinstein Moore Inventor Fellow
Boubacar Kanté Moore Inventor Fellow
State University of New York (Research Foundation)
Eszter Boros Moore Inventor Fellow
University of Pennsylvania, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics
James Pikul Moore Inventor Fellow


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Home » Israel bans foreign visitors as Omicron Covid fears rise around the world
Israel bans foreign visitors as Omicron Covid fears rise around the world
November 28, 2021world
Israel has approved barring entry to all foreign nationals, as countries around the world tighten controls against the worrying new coronavirus strain.
In the most far-reaching effort to keep the Omicron variant at bay, Israel's coronavirus cabinet had authorised a series of measures, the health ministry said, including banning entry by foreigners, red-listing travel to 50 African countries, and making quarantine mandatory for all Israelis arriving from abroad.
Many countries, including Brazil, Canada, the European Union, Iran and the US, have placed restrictions on various southern African countries over the past couple of days in response to warnings over the transmissibility of the new variant.
Over the weekend New Zealand announced it was restricting travel from nine southern African countries, and Japan widened its border controls to include more countries from the region.
Tourist-dependent Thailand, which only recently began loosening its tight border restrictions to leisure travellers from certain countries, announced a ban on visitors from eight African countries. Similar restrictions took effect in the business hub of Singapore, which is barring entry and transit to anyone with a recent history of travel to seven southern African countries. Sri Lanka banned disembarkation of passengers arriving from six African countries, as did the Maldives.
The tighter restrictions reflect steps rapidly taken by countries around the world to limit the spread of the Omicron variant just days researchers in South Africa identified it. The act first, ask questions later approach reflected growing alarm about the emergence of a potentially more contagious variant nearly two years into a pandemic that has killed more than 5 million people, upended lives and disrupted economies across the globe.
This goes against the advice of the World Health Organization, which has warned against any overreaction before the variant has been thoroughly studied.
While much remains to be learned about the new variant, researchers are concerned that it may be more resistant to the protection provided by vaccines and could mean that the pandemic lasts longer than expected.
In the latest indication that the new variant may be hard to constrain, health officials in Australia's most populous state, New South Wales, said two passengers who arrived in Sydney from southern Africa on Saturday evening had tested positive for it. Both people were asymptomatic, fully vaccinated and in quarantine, NSW Health said. Another 12 passengers from southern Africa were also in 14 days of hotel quarantine, while around 260 other passengers and aircrew have been directed to isolate.
Israel also approved use of the Shin Bet internal security agency's controversial phone monitoring technology to trace contacts of people in Israel confirmed with the new variant.
Israeli rights groups had decried the use of the technology as a violation of privacy rights, and the supreme court ruled earlier this year that its use be limited.
The Israeli prime minister, Naftali Bennett, said on Sunday that tightening Israel's borders would help keep the country open internally. "Restrictions on the country's borders is not an easy step, but it's a temporary and necessary step," he said at the start of the weekly cabinet meeting.
Dr Ran Balicer, head of the government's advisory panel on Covid, told Israel's Kan public radio that the new measures were necessary for the "fog of war" surrounding the new variant, saying it was "better to act early and strictly" to prevent its spread.
On Saturday, Israel said it had detected the new strain in a traveller who had returned from Malawi, and it was was investigating seven other suspected cases. The seven people included three who were vaccinated and all were placed in isolation.
newscabal November 28, 2021
Jurgen Klopp backs Arsenal forward Gabriel Martinelli to 'have a proper career'


Over the past few weeks, nearly 400,000 people escaping violence in Myanmar's eastern state of Rakhine have streamed into Bangladesh, creating a humanitarian crisis. The UN Security Council has condemned the violence against the Rohingya people, calling it "ethnic cleansing".
A report by Global Witness suggested that natural resource exploitation, especially the country's billion-dollar jade business, may also be playing a part in the country's religious and ethnic tensions.
Myanmar has some of the largest and best quality jade reserves in the world.
According to a report by Global Witness, the country's jade industry was worth $31bn in 2014, which is as big as half of Myanmar's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2014. But none of that money is reaching ordinary people.
Instead – the report said – the sector is secretly controlled by networks of military elites.
While there are about 100 big mining companies operating in Myanmar, they are controlled by only 10 or 15 owners, according to the report. Among those cited as the major beneficiaries of the lucrative trade are former and current government and military officials.
"Myanmar's jade licensing system is wide open to corruption and cronyism. The main concessions are in government-controlled areas of Hpakant Township, Kachin State, and blocks are awarded through a centrally-controlled process which multiple industry sources say favours companies connected to powerful figures and high-ranking officials. In the words of one jade businessman, 'if there is a big hat involved [in a bid], they will surely get it'," the report stated.
Most stones are smuggled across the border to neighbouring China. According to Chinese government import data, gemstone imports from Myanmar were worth $12.3bn in 2014, while other unofficial estimates were much lower.
As one of Myanmar's most precious resources, "jade is inextricably linked to the conflict in Kachin State. Watching licensed companies controlled by their worst enemies gobble up their natural inheritance is a source of simmering resentment amongst the Kachin people. As some put it, 'the tree is in our garden, but we are not allowed to eat the fruit'," the report stated.
Paul Donowitz, a team leader at Global Witness, spoke to Al Jazeera's Hazem Sika about "probably the biggest natural resource heist in modern history" and the relationship between jade and conflict.
Al Jazeera: Is there a connection between the jade industry and what's happening now with the Rohingya community?
Paul Donowitz: You have to take a step back and understand the context. The military in Myanmar has an outsized role in politics, the economy and the social life of the country by virtue of the Constitution which guarantees it 25 percent and a veto-proof standing to change the Constitution. Also, the military controls key sectors of the economy and by virtue of this special status, the military really remains outside of civilian control. The civilian government can't hold the military accountable for any actions or abuses it commits against ethnic people, including the self-identified Rohingya.
Al Jazeera: Myanmar is a resource-rich nation – oil and gas being among them. There are pipelines being built right now to connect Myanmar to China. These projects claim to benefit the whole country with employment, transit fees, oil and gas revenues, but are they doing that?
Donowitz: There's an offshore gas field that's been built and oil and gas pipelines to transport Myanmar's gas and foreign oil to China. Instead of providing jobs … and spurring the economy, what we've seen is they've created resentment among local people who feel they're not deriving benefits from these projects.
There's issues around land grabs, displacement, and in fact, we're seeing now another mega-development project and economic zone up in Rakhine State that's fuelling additional resentment. So, these megaprojects – which in theory could provide benefits to local people – are having the opposite impact and are really only furthering distrust to the central government and the military and further marginalising local people – which is not helping the situation in Rakhine at present.
For more, read the Global Witness report.


While it is true that viewership for The Walking Dead Premiere was about half of what it usually is. I now have additional information. Once you count the viewers who watched the premiere later that week, the AMC series gained an additional 3.26 million, bringing its final viewer total to 9.36 million. Which, for a cable show, are pretty amazing numbers. So, while it may not be 'Must-See-TV' anymore, at least it's still 'I-Will-Get-Around-To-It-TV'. Though in comparison, it's still way down from last year's premiere, which had 15 million viewers. So don't do the happy dance just yet.
Last Sunday's episode attracted less that 5 million viewers, the second lowest viewer numbers in the series' history. But again, that's before we see how the week's delayed viewer numbers shake out. Bottom line, The Walking Dead ain't what it used to be, but it's still alive and kicking. Unless the show continues to hemorrhage viewers. And let's face it, Rick's imminent departure won't stop the bleeding. So only time will tell.