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text:
'use strict';

import { BoundedMap } from 'vs/base/common/map';
import { CharCode } from 'vs/base/common/charCode';

/**
 * The empty string.
 */
export const empty = '';

export function isFalsyOrWhitespace(str: string): boolean {
	if (!str || typeof str !== 'string') {
		return true;
	}
	return str.trim().length === 0;
}

/**
 * @returns the provided number with the given number of preceding zeros.
 */
export function pad(n: number, l: number, char: string = '0'): string {
	let str = '' + n;
	let r = [str];

	for (let i = str.length; i < l; i++) {
		r.push(char);
	}

	return r.reverse().join('');
}

const _formatRegexp = /{(\d+)}/g;

/**
 * Helper to produce a string with a variable number of arguments. Insert variable segments
 * into the string using the {n} notation where N is the index of the argument following the string.
 * @param value string to which formatting is applied
 * @param args replacements for {n}-entries
 */
export function format(value: string, ...args: any[]): string {
	if (args.length === 0) {
		return value;
	}
	return value.replace(_formatRegexp, function (match, group) {
		let idx = parseInt(group, 10);
		return isNaN(idx) || idx < 0 || idx >= args.length ?
			match :
			args[idx];
	});
}

/**
 * Converts HTML characters inside the string to use entities instead. Makes the string safe from
 * being used e.g. in HTMLElement.innerHTML.
 */
export function escape(html: string): string {
	return html.replace(/[<|>|&]/g, function (match) {
		switch (match) {
			case '<': return '<';
			case '>': return '>';
			case '&': return '&';
			default: return match;
		}
	});
}

/**
 * Escapes regular expression characters in a given string
 */
export function escapeRegExpCharacters(value: string): string {
	return value.replace(/[\-\\\{\}\*\+\?\|\^\$\.\[\]\(\)\#]/g, '\\$&');
}

/**
 * Removes all occurrences of needle from the beginning and end of haystack.
 * @param haystack string to trim
 * @param needle the thing to trim (default is a blank)
 */
export function trim(haystack: string, needle: string = ' '): string {
	let trimmed = ltrim(haystack, needle);
	return rtrim(trimmed, needle);
}

/**
 * Removes all occurrences of needle from the beginning of haystack.
 * @param haystack string to trim
 * @param needle the thing to trim
 */
export function ltrim(haystack?: string, needle?: string): string {
	if (!haystack || !needle) {
		return haystack;
	}

	let needleLen = needle.length;
	if (needleLen === 0 || haystack.length === 0) {
		return haystack;
	}

	let offset = 0,
		idx = -1;

	while ((idx = haystack.indexOf(needle, offset)) === offset) {
		offset = offset + needleLen;
	}
	return haystack.substring(offset);
}

/**
 * Removes all occurrences of needle from the end of haystack.
 * @param haystack string to trim
 * @param needle the thing to trim
 */
export function rtrim(haystack?: string, needle?: string): string {
	if (!haystack || !needle) {
		return haystack;
	}

	let needleLen = needle.length,
		haystackLen = haystack.length;

	if (needleLen === 0 || haystackLen === 0) {
		return haystack;
	}

	let offset = haystackLen,
		idx = -1;

	while (true) {
		idx = haystack.lastIndexOf(needle, offset - 1);
		if (idx === -1 || idx + needleLen !== offset) {
			break;
		}
		if (idx === 0) {
			return '';
		}
		offset = idx;
	}

	return haystack.substring(0, offset);
}

export function convertSimple2RegExpPattern(pattern: string): string {
	return pattern.replace(/[\-\\\{\}\+\?\|\^\$\.\,\[\]\(\)\#\s]/g, '\\$&').replace(/[\*]/g, '.*');
}

export function stripWildcards(pattern: string): string {
	return pattern.replace(/\*/g, '');
}

/**
 * Determines if haystack starts with needle.
 */
export function startsWith(haystack: string, needle: string): boolean {
	if (haystack.length < needle.length) {
		return false;
	}

	for (let i = 0; i < needle.length; i++) {
		if (haystack[i] !== needle[i]) {
			return false;
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/**
 * Determines if haystack ends with needle.
 */
export function endsWith(haystack: string, needle: string): boolean {
	let diff = haystack.length - needle.length;
	if (diff > 0) {
		return haystack.indexOf(needle, diff) === diff;
	} else if (diff === 0) {
		return haystack === needle;
	} else {
		return false;
	}
}

export interface RegExpOptions {
	matchCase?: boolean;
	wholeWord?: boolean;
	multiline?: boolean;
	global?: boolean;
}

export function createRegExp(searchString: string, isRegex: boolean, options: RegExpOptions = {}): RegExp {
	if (!searchString) {
		throw new Error('Cannot create regex from empty string');
	}
	if (!isRegex) {
		searchString = escapeRegExpCharacters(searchString);
	}
	if (options.wholeWord) {
		if (!/\B/.test(searchString.charAt(0))) {
			searchString = '\\b' + searchString;
		}
		if (!/\B/.test(searchString.charAt(searchString.length - 1))) {
			searchString = searchString + '\\b';
		}
	}
	let modifiers = '';
	if (options.global) {
		modifiers += 'g';
	}
	if (!options.matchCase) {
		modifiers += 'i';
	}
	if (options.multiline) {
		modifiers += 'm';
	}

	return new RegExp(searchString, modifiers);
}

export function regExpLeadsToEndlessLoop(regexp: RegExp): boolean {
	// Exit early if it's one of these special cases which are meant to match
	// against an empty string
	if (regexp.source === '^' || regexp.source === '^$' || regexp.source === '$') {
		return false;
	}

	// We check against an empty string. If the regular expression doesn't advance
	// (e.g. ends in an endless loop) it will match an empty string.
	let match = regexp.exec('');
	return (match && <any>regexp.lastIndex === 0);
}

/**
 * The normalize() method returns the Unicode Normalization Form of a given string. The form will be
 * the Normalization Form Canonical Composition.
 *
 * @see {@link https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/normalize}
 */
export const canNormalize = typeof ((<any>'').normalize) === 'function';

const nfcCache = new BoundedMap<string>(10000); // bounded to 10000 elements
export function normalizeNFC(str: string): string {
	return normalize(str, 'NFC', nfcCache);
}

const nfdCache = new BoundedMap<string>(10000); // bounded to 10000 elements
export function normalizeNFD(str: string): string {
	return normalize(str, 'NFD', nfdCache);
}

const nonAsciiCharactersPattern = /[^\u0000-\u0080]/;
function normalize(str: string, form: string, normalizedCache: BoundedMap<string>): string {
	if (!canNormalize || !str) {
		return str;
	}

	const cached = normalizedCache.get(str);
	if (cached) {
		return cached;
	}

	let res: string;
	if (nonAsciiCharactersPattern.test(str)) {
		res = (<any>str).normalize(form);
	} else {
		res = str;
	}

	// Use the cache for fast lookup
	normalizedCache.set(str, res);

	return res;
}

/**
 * Returns first index of the string that is not whitespace.
 * If string is empty or contains only whitespaces, returns -1
 */
export function firstNonWhitespaceIndex(str: string): number {
	for (let i = 0, len = str.length; i < len; i++) {
		let chCode = str.charCodeAt(i);
		if (chCode !== CharCode.Space && chCode !== CharCode.Tab) {
			return i;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

/**
 * Returns the leading whitespace of the string.
 * If the string contains only whitespaces, returns entire string
 */
export function getLeadingWhitespace(str: string, start: number = 0, end: number = str.length): string {
	for (let i = start; i < end; i++) {
		let chCode = str.charCodeAt(i);
		if (chCode !== CharCode.Space && chCode !== CharCode.Tab) {
			return str.substring(start, i);
		}
	}
	return str.substring(start, end);
}

/**
 * Returns last index of the string that is not whitespace.
 * If string is empty or contains only whitespaces, returns -1
 */
export function lastNonWhitespaceIndex(str: string, startIndex: number = str.length - 1): number {
	for (let i = startIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
		let chCode = str.charCodeAt(i);
		if (chCode !== CharCode.Space && chCode !== CharCode.Tab) {
			return i;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

export function compare(a: string, b: string): number {
	if (a < b) {
		return -1;
	} else if (a > b) {
		return 1;
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}

export function compareIgnoreCase(a: string, b: string): number {
	const len = Math.min(a.length, b.length);
	for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		let codeA = a.charCodeAt(i);
		let codeB = b.charCodeAt(i);

		if (codeA === codeB) {
			// equal
			continue;
		}

		if (isUpperAsciiLetter(codeA)) {
			codeA += 32;
		}

		if (isUpperAsciiLetter(codeB)) {
			codeB += 32;
		}

		const diff = codeA - codeB;

		if (diff === 0) {
			// equal -> ignoreCase
			continue;

		} else if (isLowerAsciiLetter(codeA) && isLowerAsciiLetter(codeB)) {
			//
			return diff;

		} else {
			return compare(a.toLowerCase(), b.toLowerCase());
		}
	}

	if (a.length < b.length) {
		return -1;
	} else if (a.length > b.length) {
		return 1;
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}

function isLowerAsciiLetter(code: number): boolean {
	return code >= CharCode.a && code <= CharCode.z;
}

function isUpperAsciiLetter(code: number): boolean {
	return code >= CharCode.A && code <= CharCode.Z;
}

function isAsciiLetter(code: number): boolean {
	return isLowerAsciiLetter(code) || isUpperAsciiLetter(code);
}

export function equalsIgnoreCase(a: string, b: string): boolean {
	const len1 = a ? a.length : 0;
	const len2 = b ? b.length : 0;

	if (len1 !== len2) {
		return false;
	}

	return doEqualsIgnoreCase(a, b);
}

function doEqualsIgnoreCase(a: string, b: string, stopAt = a.length): boolean {
	if (typeof a !== 'string' || typeof b !== 'string') {
		return false;
	}

	for (let i = 0; i < stopAt; i++) {
		const codeA = a.charCodeAt(i);
		const codeB = b.charCodeAt(i);

		if (codeA === codeB) {
			continue;
		}

		// a-z A-Z
		if (isAsciiLetter(codeA) && isAsciiLetter(codeB)) {
			let diff = Math.abs(codeA - codeB);
			if (diff !== 0 && diff !== 32) {
				return false;
			}
		}

		// Any other charcode
		else {
			if (String.fromCharCode(codeA).toLowerCase() !== String.fromCharCode(codeB).toLowerCase()) {
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	return true;
}

export function beginsWithIgnoreCase(str: string, candidate: string): boolean {
	const candidateLength = candidate.length;
	if (candidate.length > str.length) {
		return false;
	}

	return doEqualsIgnoreCase(str, candidate, candidateLength);
}

/**
 * @returns the length of the common prefix of the two strings.
 */
export function commonPrefixLength(a: string, b: string): number {

	let i: number,
		len = Math.min(a.length, b.length);

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		if (a.charCodeAt(i) !== b.charCodeAt(i)) {
			return i;
		}
	}

	return len;
}

/**
 * @returns the length of the common suffix of the two strings.
 */
export function commonSuffixLength(a: string, b: string): number {

	let i: number,
		len = Math.min(a.length, b.length);

	let aLastIndex = a.length - 1;
	let bLastIndex = b.length - 1;

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		if (a.charCodeAt(aLastIndex - i) !== b.charCodeAt(bLastIndex - i)) {
			return i;
		}
	}

	return len;
}

function substrEquals(a: string, aStart: number, aEnd: number, b: string, bStart: number, bEnd: number): boolean {
	while (aStart < aEnd && bStart < bEnd) {
		if (a[aStart] !== b[bStart]) {
			return false;
		}
		aStart += 1;
		bStart += 1;
	}
	return true;
}

/**
 * Return the overlap between the suffix of `a` and the prefix of `b`.
 * For instance `overlap("foobar", "arr, I'm a pirate") === 2`.
 */
export function overlap(a: string, b: string): number {
	let aEnd = a.length;
	let bEnd = b.length;
	let aStart = aEnd - bEnd;

	if (aStart === 0) {
		return a === b ? aEnd : 0;
	} else if (aStart < 0) {
		bEnd += aStart;
		aStart = 0;
	}

	while (aStart < aEnd && bEnd > 0) {
		if (substrEquals(a, aStart, aEnd, b, 0, bEnd)) {
			return bEnd;
		}
		bEnd -= 1;
		aStart += 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

// --- unicode
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogate_pair
// Returns the code point starting at a specified index in a string
// Code points U+0000 to U+D7FF and U+E000 to U+FFFF are represented on a single character
// Code points U+10000 to U+10FFFF are represented on two consecutive characters
//export function getUnicodePoint(str:string, index:number, len:number):number {
//	let chrCode = str.charCodeAt(index);
//	if (0xD800 <= chrCode && chrCode <= 0xDBFF && index + 1 < len) {
//		let nextChrCode = str.charCodeAt(index + 1);
//		if (0xDC00 <= nextChrCode && nextChrCode <= 0xDFFF) {
//			return (chrCode - 0xD800) << 10 + (nextChrCode - 0xDC00) + 0x10000;
//		}
//	}
//	return chrCode;
//}
export function isHighSurrogate(charCode: number): boolean {
	return (0xD800 <= charCode && charCode <= 0xDBFF);
}

export function isLowSurrogate(charCode: number): boolean {
	return (0xDC00 <= charCode && charCode <= 0xDFFF);
}

/**
 * Generated using https://github.com/alexandrudima/unicode-utils/blob/master/generate-rtl-test.js
 */
const CONTAINS_RTL = /(?:[\u05BE\u05C0\u05C3\u05C6\u05D0-\u05F4\u0608\u060B\u060D\u061B-\u064A\u066D-\u066F\u0671-\u06D5\u06E5\u06E6\u06EE\u06EF\u06FA-\u0710\u0712-\u072F\u074D-\u07A5\u07B1-\u07EA\u07F4\u07F5\u07FA-\u0815\u081A\u0824\u0828\u0830-\u0858\u085E-\u08BD\u200F\uFB1D\uFB1F-\uFB28\uFB2A-\uFD3D\uFD50-\uFDFC\uFE70-\uFEFC]|\uD802[\uDC00-\uDD1B\uDD20-\uDE00\uDE10-\uDE33\uDE40-\uDEE4\uDEEB-\uDF35\uDF40-\uDFFF]|\uD803[\uDC00-\uDCFF]|\uD83A[\uDC00-\uDCCF\uDD00-\uDD43\uDD50-\uDFFF]|\uD83B[\uDC00-\uDEBB])/;

/**
 * Returns true if `str` contains any Unicode character that is classified as "R" or "AL".
 */
export function containsRTL(str: string): boolean {
	return CONTAINS_RTL.test(str);
}

/**
 * Generated using https://github.com/alexandrudima/unicode-utils/blob/master/generate-emoji-test.js
 */
const CONTAINS_EMOJI = /(?:[\u231A\u231B\u23F0\u23F3\u2600-\u27BF\u2B50\u2B55]|\uD83C[\uDDE6-\uDDFF\uDF00-\uDFFF]|\uD83D[\uDC00-\uDE4F\uDE80-\uDEF8]|\uD83E[\uDD00-\uDDE6])/;

export function containsEmoji(str: string): boolean {
	return CONTAINS_EMOJI.test(str);
}

const IS_BASIC_ASCII = /^[\t\n\r\x20-\x7E]*$/;
/**
 * Returns true if `str` contains only basic ASCII characters in the range 32 - 126 (including 32 and 126) or \n, \r, \t
 */
export function isBasicASCII(str: string): boolean {
	return IS_BASIC_ASCII.test(str);
}

export function containsFullWidthCharacter(str: string): boolean {
	for (let i = 0, len = str.length; i < len; i++) {
		if (isFullWidthCharacter(str.charCodeAt(i))) {
			return true;
		}
	}
	return false;
}

export function isFullWidthCharacter(charCode: number): boolean {
	// Do a cheap trick to better support wrapping of wide characters, treat them as 2 columns
	// http://jrgraphix.net/research/unicode_blocks.php
	//          2E80 — 2EFF   CJK Radicals Supplement
	//          2F00 — 2FDF   Kangxi Radicals
	//          2FF0 — 2FFF   Ideographic Description Characters
	//          3000 — 303F   CJK Symbols and Punctuation
	//          3040 — 309F   Hiragana
	//          30A0 — 30FF   Katakana
	//          3100 — 312F   Bopomofo
	//          3130 — 318F   Hangul Compatibility Jamo
	//          3190 — 319F   Kanbun
	//          31A0 — 31BF   Bopomofo Extended
	//          31F0 — 31FF   Katakana Phonetic Extensions
	//          3200 — 32FF   Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
	//          3300 — 33FF   CJK Compatibility
	//          3400 — 4DBF   CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A
	//          4DC0 — 4DFF   Yijing Hexagram Symbols
	//          4E00 — 9FFF   CJK Unified Ideographs
	//          A000 — A48F   Yi Syllables
	//          A490 — A4CF   Yi Radicals
	//          AC00 — D7AF   Hangul Syllables
	// [IGNORE] D800 — DB7F   High Surrogates
	// [IGNORE] DB80 — DBFF   High Private Use Surrogates
	// [IGNORE] DC00 — DFFF   Low Surrogates
	// [IGNORE] E000 — F8FF   Private Use Area
	//          F900 — FAFF   CJK Compatibility Ideographs
	// [IGNORE] FB00 — FB4F   Alphabetic Presentation Forms
	// [IGNORE] FB50 — FDFF   Arabic Presentation Forms-A
	// [IGNORE] FE00 — FE0F   Variation Selectors
	// [IGNORE] FE20 — FE2F   Combining Half Marks
	// [IGNORE] FE30 — FE4F   CJK Compatibility Forms
	// [IGNORE] FE50 — FE6F   Small Form Variants
	// [IGNORE] FE70 — FEFF   Arabic Presentation Forms-B
	//          FF00 — FFEF   Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms
	//               [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halfwidth_and_fullwidth_forms]
	//               of which FF01 - FF5E fullwidth ASCII of 21 to 7E
	// [IGNORE]    and FF65 - FFDC halfwidth of Katakana and Hangul
	// [IGNORE] FFF0 — FFFF   Specials
	charCode = +charCode; // @perf
	return (
		(charCode >= 0x2E80 && charCode <= 0xD7AF)
		|| (charCode >= 0xF900 && charCode <= 0xFAFF)
		|| (charCode >= 0xFF01 && charCode <= 0xFF5E)
	);
}

/**
 * Computes the difference score for two strings. More similar strings have a higher score.
 * We use largest common subsequence dynamic programming approach but penalize in the end for length differences.
 * Strings that have a large length difference will get a bad default score 0.
 * Complexity - both time and space O(first.length * second.length)
 * Dynamic programming LCS computation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_subsequence_problem
 *
 * @param first a string
 * @param second a string
 */
export function difference(first: string, second: string, maxLenDelta: number = 4): number {
	let lengthDifference = Math.abs(first.length - second.length);
	// We only compute score if length of the currentWord and length of entry.name are similar.
	if (lengthDifference > maxLenDelta) {
		return 0;
	}
	// Initialize LCS (largest common subsequence) matrix.
	let LCS: number[][] = [];
	let zeroArray: number[] = [];
	let i: number, j: number;
	for (i = 0; i < second.length + 1; ++i) {
		zeroArray.push(0);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < first.length + 1; ++i) {
		LCS.push(zeroArray);
	}
	for (i = 1; i < first.length + 1; ++i) {
		for (j = 1; j < second.length + 1; ++j) {
			if (first[i - 1] === second[j - 1]) {
				LCS[i][j] = LCS[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;
			} else {
				LCS[i][j] = Math.max(LCS[i - 1][j], LCS[i][j - 1]);
			}
		}
	}
	return LCS[first.length][second.length] - Math.sqrt(lengthDifference);
}

/**
 * Returns an array in which every entry is the offset of a
 * line. There is always one entry which is zero.
 */
export function computeLineStarts(text: string): number[] {
	let regexp = /\r\n|\r|\n/g,
		ret: number[] = [0],
		match: RegExpExecArray;
	while ((match = regexp.exec(text))) {
		ret.push(regexp.lastIndex);
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * Given a string and a max length returns a shorted version. Shorting
 * happens at favorable positions - such as whitespace or punctuation characters.
 */
export function lcut(text: string, n: number): string {

	if (text.length < n) {
		return text;
	}

	let segments = text.split(/\b/),
		count = 0;

	for (let i = segments.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		count += segments[i].length;

		if (count > n) {
			segments.splice(0, i);
			break;
		}
	}

	return segments.join(empty).replace(/^\s/, empty);
}

// Escape codes
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
const EL = /\x1B\x5B[12]?K/g; // Erase in line
const COLOR_START = /\x1b\[\d+m/g; // Color
const COLOR_END = /\x1b\[0?m/g; // Color

export function removeAnsiEscapeCodes(str: string): string {
	if (str) {
		str = str.replace(EL, '');
		str = str.replace(COLOR_START, '');
		str = str.replace(COLOR_END, '');
	}

	return str;
}

// -- UTF-8 BOM

export const UTF8_BOM_CHARACTER = String.fromCharCode(CharCode.UTF8_BOM);

export function startsWithUTF8BOM(str: string): boolean {
	return (str && str.length > 0 && str.charCodeAt(0) === CharCode.UTF8_BOM);
}

/**
 * Appends two strings. If the appended result is longer than maxLength,
 * trims the start of the result and replaces it with '...'.
 */
export function appendWithLimit(first: string, second: string, maxLength: number): string {
	const newLength = first.length + second.length;
	if (newLength > maxLength) {
		first = '...' + first.substr(newLength - maxLength);
	}
	if (second.length > maxLength) {
		first += second.substr(second.length - maxLength);
	} else {
		first += second;
	}

	return first;
}

export function safeBtoa(str: string): string {
	return btoa(encodeURIComponent(str)); // we use encodeURIComponent because btoa fails for non Latin 1 values
}

export function repeat(s: string, count: number): string {
	let result = '';
	for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
		result += s;
	}
	return result;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Outside newly constructed Clinton Street Music, The University of Iowa, August 1, 2008
United States -- Iowa -- Iowa City
Clinton Street Music (Iowa City, Iowa)
Clinton Street Music under construction. Facilities built because Voxman Music building was flooded.
Jorgensen, Tom
University of Iowa. University News Services
Educational use only, no other permissions given. U.S. and international copyright laws may protect this item. Commercial use or distribution of this digital object is not permitted without written permission of the copyright holder.
Iowa City Flood
Flood Images
Clinton Music Construction, Aug. 1, 2008
http://128.255.22.135/cdm/ref/collection/flood/id/3299

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
News archive (current)
All content Press releases Blog posts News
Search in news archive
Alex McNeil Joins Hurtigruten Expeditions
The world's largest and leading expedition cruise line has onboarded expedition expert Alex McNeil to develop Hurtigruten Expeditions' next generation of expedition cruises – with even more depth and destination partnerships at the core of the experience.
A pioneer in the expedition industry since 2007, McNeil (CAN) has completed over 100 expeditions, including reaching the Geographic North Pol
Adventure travel company Hurtigruten Group's foundation announces new donations
Protecting endangered birds in the Galapagos and more beach cleaning on Svalbard are among the projects receiving 2022's last round of grants from Hurtigruten Foundation. The adventure travel company reiterates its promise to supporting initiatives in the areas it operates and urges more organizations to apply in the future.
- We are truly showing the global scope of our commitments with this
Hurtigruten Group Announces More Black Friday Deals than Ever Before
Celebrate Hurtigruten Norway's 130-year anniversary with discounts on all Coastal Express voyages from July through March of the following year
Save up to 50% on Hurtigruten Expeditions sailings to Antarctica, the Galápagos Islands, Greenland, and many other bucket-list destinations
Black Friday deals include new cruises for 2023, such as the highly-anticipated Svalbard Express and North
Celebrate Hurtigruten Norway's 130-year anniversary with discounts on all Coastal Express voyages from July through March of the following year
Black Friday deals include new cruises for 2023, such as the highly-anticipated Svalbard Express and North Cap
Hurtigruten Norway Unveils More Than 60 New Excursions for its First-Ever Premium Journeys Launching in 2023
The elevated Svalbard Express and North Cape Express itineraries will offer extended port visits, a first in the company's 130-year history, allowing for new immersive experiences along Norway's coast
Oslo, Norway (October 20, 2022) – Ahead of the official launch of the Svalbard Express and North Cape Express in 2023, Hurtigruten Norway has unveiled its new excursions for the highly anticipated
Hurtigruten Expeditions Announces 10% Bonus Commission for Galápagos Itineraries
Seattle, WA (October 18, 2022) – Hurtigruten Expeditions, the world's leading expedition cruise company, has announced an additional 10% commission for 2022 and 2023 Galápagos itineraries booked through November 30, 2022. The bonus commission is offered on all four year-round itineraries in the destination, which includes three new itineraries for 2023 and beyond.
The bonus commission complemen
Hurtigruten Expeditions completes industry-first fleetwide installation of SpaceX's Starlink
Hurtigruten Expeditions will be the first cruise line to implement SpaceX' innovative broadband service Starlink across all ships. In cooperation with long-time connectivity partner Speedcast, the installation will be completed in October.
New opportunity for funding from Hurtigruten Foundation
Hurtigruten Foundation is about giving back to the beautiful places that Hurtigruten explores. After supporting 26 projects in 12 countries over the last year, the Foundation is now seeking applications from new projects, before the deadline on 1 November.
Hurtigruten Foundation is especially looking to support projects and organizations that create a lasting positive impact, and which allow co
Hurtigruten Norway ready to embark on the next stage of innovative zero-emission ship project
After announcing plans to build their first zero emission ship by 2030, Hurtigruten Norway has now secured leading tech partnerships and applied for funds to embark on a research project to develop their groundbreaking zero-emission ships.
Building on almost 130 years of Norwegian pioneering heritage, Hurtigruten Norway started a project to develop ships with zero emissions for the Coastal Expr
Hurtigruten Expeditions updates and simplifies Covid-19 protocols
Hurtigruten Expeditions, the world's largest and leading expedition cruise line, has updated, adjusted and simplified the Covid-19 protocols.
Hurtigruten Norway launches its first hybrid ship, part of a EUR100 million green upgrade
Hurtigruten Norway has launched its first environmentally-upgraded battery-hybrid powered ship, MS Richard With. It is the first of seven in the Coastal Express fleet to be upgraded, and now features state-of-the-art technology that will significantly reduce both CO2 and Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions.
"With MS Richard With back in operations as a fully-upgraded ship, guests can sail the Norwe
Hurtigruten Expeditions adds 7 new Arctic adventures for 2023
Hurtigruten Expeditions, the world's largest and leading expedition cruise line, expands its 2023 Arctic Summer season with seven brand new adventures – taking guests closer to the local people and communities, and deeper into the wilderness of the north.
Spanning 11 to 19 days, the new departures from June to September 2023 will take in some of the most spectacular areas beyond and above the
Hurtigruten Group - World leader in exploration travel
Building on 130 years of Norwegian pioneering heritage, Hurtigruten is today the world's largest expedition cruise company.
Hurtigruten's rapidly growing fleet of custom-build expedition ships takes modern-day adventure travellers to the world's most spectacular destinations - from the High North to Antarctica in the south.
Being the world leader in exploration travel comes with a great responsibility. Hurtigruten is enhancing destinations and runs an responsible, sustainable global operation.
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With the policy debate on tax progressing as a component of integrated social security reform, and against the backdrop of efforts by the Financial Services Agency (FSA) to promote customer-oriented business conduct, the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan (ACCJ) urges the Japanese government to ensure an open and transparent dialogue that provides meaningful opportunities for key stakeholders—including foreign businesses—to comment. The ACCJ's voice on this topic is gaining traction, since the following viewpoint was published in Japanese in March by the industry publication Insurance.
The ACCJ calls on the government of Japan (GOJ) to take measures to ensure that Japan's consumption tax regime is aligned with the best interests of Japanese consumers. The regime should also be consistent with global best practices identified by international institutions—including the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the European Commission—and implemented in countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, and South Korea.
In particular, the ACCJ calls on the GOJ to revise the consumption tax law and related regulations to ensure neutrality in the treatment of the sale of insurance products through sales agents, thereby addressing disproportionate tax accumulation.
Ensuring such neutrality and addressing tax accumulation issues would provide consumers significant savings and greater choice of distribution channels in acquiring adequate and appropriate insurance protection. It would also be a positive outcome for the GOJ by encouraging consumers to purchase protection that is consistent with the decision to exempt financial services from the consumption tax while maintaining control and limiting any fiscal impact. Such a move would also align Japan's consumption tax policy for insurance products with global standards enjoyed by insurers and consumers in most other developed countries.
To this end, the ACCJ has outlined the following concrete measures that the GOJ can take to come into alignment with global best practices and enhance consumer choice.
Insurance companies in Japan have traditionally operated their sales functions through an internal team of mainly salaried employees.
However, agency distribution, in the form of both inhouse career agencies and independent sales agencies, is becoming increasingly popular in Japan, as it provides consumers with greater convenience and choice.
In many cases, agencies sell insurance products of various companies. This allows consumers to compare products more easily and receive advice from the agent as to the best product for their individual needs. Further, as agent compensation is performance-based, companies have been able to keep costs down, passing these savings on to consumers.
Under Japan's consumption tax regime, however, commissions paid to agents are subject to consumption tax, while the fixed salaries of inhouse sales staff are not. As financial services are exempt from consumption tax, it is impossible for companies to pass the consumption tax imposed on agent commissions directly on to the consumer or end user as the intended payor of consumption tax according to global best practice.
As a result, the difference in consumption tax treatment can discourages insurance companies from pursuing sales agency distribution strategies due to the significant amount of additional non-recoverable expense. The administration of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is committed to raising the consumption tax rate from eight to 10 percent in October, which will further increase the burden on insurance companies.
Numerous recent policy decisions demonstrate that the GOJ positively encourages broader and clearer consumer choice. The ACCJ welcomes these moves and unequivocally supports the GOJ in these efforts. Ensuring that Japanese consumers have access to adequate, appropriate, and cost-effective life insurance protection—including both long-term healthcare and retirement savings—as well as general insurance protection is clearly in the best interest of the GOJ and society.
However, as shown in the accompanying tables, the way in which Japan's consumption tax rules treat commissions from insurance sales is an outlier among most developed countries. It also runs counter to the GOJ's efforts to promote greater consumer choice.
This outlier situation is demonstrated by the essential mismatch inherent in the consumption tax treatment of insurance, compared with other industries.
According to global best practice identified by the OECD and IMF, the basic principle of the consumption tax is that it should be a neutral tax. That is, the consumption tax should be structured so that its application has no impact on how companies choose to structure their operations, including choice of inputs, distribution methods, etc.
It also should not have an adverse effect on a company's competitiveness or create undue compliance burdens. To this end, consumption taxes should be borne by the end user, not by taxable businesses. Japan's current consumption tax policy does not uphold the neutrality principle, as many financial services companies—including insurance companies—accrue significant amounts of unrecoverable consumption tax. This reduces their competitive position and distorts the financial services market.
Work led by the OECD's Committee on Fiscal Affairs (CFA) has revealed that the current international consumption taxes environment—especially with respect to trade in services and intangibles—is creating obstacles to business activity, hindering economic growth, and distorting competition. This conclusion also rings true for Japan. The current application of consumption tax is inconsistent in key areas that directly impact Tokyo's competitiveness as a global financial center.
The neutrality principle is important because it facilitates smooth market functioning by ensuring that companies are allowed to make efficient, customer-focused choices in response to market forces, not to potential tax impacts.
Ultimately, if the neutrality principle of consumption tax is not applied, companies are forced to adjust in ways that could impact consumer choice and convenience, for example through higher prices and fewer services. Considering the planned 2019 consumption tax increase, ensuring neutrality in the treatment of insurance products sales through sales agents is critical from the viewpoint of consumer protection.
When the GOJ introduced the consumption tax, it decided to exempt financial services products in line with practices in nearly every other OECD country. It did this because of the inherent difficulty in assessing the tax base, and because financial services are largely for the purpose of saving and not consumption. That intent is subverted, however, by applying the consumption tax to commissions, which then must be borne by companies or passed on to consumers.
Japan is one of very few countries that applies a value-added tax in this manner. The cascading of consumption taxes through the chain of production of exempt services, as in the case of Japanese consumption tax on insurance sales agents' commissions, is generally recognized in other countries as creating market inefficiencies. And, in the case of insurance, it is typically addressed by exemption for intermediaries or, in certain countries, recovery of input tax for insurance companies.
For example, Table 2 shows the treatment of commission payments to sales agents for life insurance globally.
As can be seen, of the major nations detailed, only consumers in Singapore and Chile suffer the same disadvantage as those in Japan in their purchase of life insurance products.
The anomalies highlighted in relation to life insurance are equally applicable to general insurers, as can be seen in Table 3.
As the consumption tax rate rises, these additional tax costs will need to be transferred to the consumer through premium increases. Material changes in insurance product pricing require FSA approval, and a timely change in pricing is rarely possible.
Even if the industry can obtain the necessary FSA approvals to increase product pricing to account for the increased consumption tax rates, the end result will inevitably be higher prices for insurance products for Japanese consumers. This would be inconsistent with the sound policy goal of ensuring Japanese consumers have access to adequate, appropriate, and cost-effective insurance protection.
Therefore, to continue to encourage citizens to safeguard their own futures, and to create a globally competitive insurance market in Japan, the ACCJ urges the GOJ to bring its policies and practices in line with global best practice and to neutralize the consumption tax treatment of payments to sales agents.
Based on global precedent, there are a number of options the GOJ can adopt to enhance consumer choice and bring Japan in line with global best practice. Here are three.
Similar to the treatment in the European Union and South Korea, one option would be to include commissions paid to sales agents as exempt supplies as "insurance-related services." In addition to the advantages of the above option, this option would align Japan's consumption tax treatment with that of all other developed nations—except Russia—in terms of sales agency commissions for insurance.
Similar to the rules for life insurance in Australia, another option would be to allow companies to recover a certain percentage of their consumption tax cost on commissions to sales agents. In Australia, to maintain neutrality, the rate is set at 75 percent. Although this method is advantageous from the perspective of achieving neutrality, both the government and insurance companies may incur increased administrative costs.
The ACCJ hopes that these recommended measures will help the GOJ align Japan's approach to consumption tax with global best practices, boosting economic competitiveness and enhancing consumer choice.


text:
Q: A group of order 105 contains a subgroup of order 35. I have to prove  that a group of order 105 contains a subgroup of order 35. Could anybody tell me how to prove this?
Thanks.

A: You need to use Sylow theorem properly.
Since $105 = 3 \cdot5\cdot  7$, the number $1 + 7k$ of 7-Sylow subgroups is 1 or 15.
If there are 15 such subgroups then we get $15 \cdot 6 = 90$ elements of order 7. This
makes it impossible for the number $1 + 5k$ of 5-Sylow subgroups to be 6 or more,
since that would require at least $6\cdot 4 = 24$ elements of order 5, making the group
too big. Thus there is a unique subgroup $G_5$ of order 5, and it is normal. For any
7-Sylow subgroup $G_7$ we thus have that $G_5G_7$ is a subgroup of order 35, and its order is 35 because $G_5 \cap G_7 = 1$. (In general, the intersection of a $p$-Sylow subgroup and a $q$-Sylow subgroup for $p \neq q$
must be trivial.)
On the other hand, if there a unique subgroup $G_7$ of order 7, then it is normal.
For any 5-Sylow subgroup $G_5$ we thus have that $G_5G_7$ is a subgroup of order 35
for the same reasons as in the previous paragraph but with the roles of 5 and 7
exchanged.

A: If $G$ is a group of order $pqr$, where $p < q < r$ are primes, then $G$ contains a normal subgroup $R$ of order $r$ (for hints on how to prove this, see this question). Since $G$ also contains a subgroup $Q$ of order $q$, the subgroup $QR$ has order $qr$. Your problem is the case $p = 3$, $q = 5$ and $r = 7$.

A: A group $G$ operates  on the set of its $p$-Sylow subgroups by conjugation. If $G_7$ is any $7$-Sylow group, it operates on the set of $5$-Sylow groups, thus partitioning the set of $5$-Sylow groups into disjoint orbits of size either $7$ or $1$ each.
Unless the number of $5$-Sylow groups is a multiple of $7$, there must exist at least one orbit of legth $1$, i.e. a $5$-Sylow group $G_5$ that is fixed by our $G_7$, i.e. $G_7$ normalizes $G_5$.
But then $\langle G_5\cup G_7\rangle = G_7G_5$ has order $35$ as desired.
Similarly, unless the number of $7$-Sylow groups is a multiple of $5$, there must be a $7$-Sylow group $G_7$ that is fixed under conjugation (i.e. normalized) by a $G_5$ we picked, and again $\langle G_5\cup G_7\rangle = G_5G_7$ has order $35$.
We are left with the case that both the number of $7$-Sylow groups is a multiple of $5$ and the number of $5$-Sylow groups is a multiple of $7$.
As the number of $5$-Sylows is also $\equiv 1\pmod 5$ and the number of $7$-Sylows is $\equiv 1\pmod7$, we conclude that there are at least $21$ $5$-Sylows and at least $15$ $7$-Slows, leading to at least $21\cdot 4=84$ elements of order $5$, at least $15\cdot 6=90$ elements of order $7$, which already gives us $174$ elements - contradiction.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


You have my support Mr. President.
you are one of the best war time presidents ever!!!
if this is you ,mister president ,i just want to let you know i miss you,!watching over theUSA an thanks for your service to all of us.
Your time is almost up so have fun wrecking america. hope fully Obama or Hilliry will do a better job than you did. i"m glade your almost out of office.
ZABASearch is an invasion of privacy!!! I cannot believe that a web sight can give out so much information on an individual.
Mr. President, FYI, we all don't worship the same God. You need to repent of your stupidity and pride and ask God (the One true God found in the Bible) to forgive you and save you and give you the faith to believe in HIM.
dear george, hope you are the right george. do you remember bush and e.v., who was raised by aunt mable at 1257 teller ave. well we would love to hear from you and beverly. bush and e.v.
Hello Mr. President, Can you please do me and the American people a big favor: I really would like to go out with your daughter, I think she is mind blowingly hot. can you please set us up for the good of the country. I am a republican born anti-democrat and I think G-d is a republican too. Congrats to Jenna by the way, it was a fabulous wedding. I don't mind a white house wedding at all, it'll be perfect. Thanks, Chief..
I work for Conestoga Title Insurance Co., the underwriter for Executive Escrow. We are trying to locate V. Ray Bush, Sr. who had a land contract with Ronald Killion for the property known as 1236 E. St Rd. 38 Markleville, IN. If this is you or you know where I can find Mr. Bush, please contact me at 800-478-8630.


LM-390A has an enhanced feeding and half-cutting system that provides you with marking speed at 35mm/second. LM-390A can make 50pcs of 20mm-length tube per minute.
for off-the-line data exchange with PC by "LETATWIN PC EDITOR.
even if the workplace is dim.
You can adjust the half cutting depth with the "Half cutting depth adjustment lever",when half cutting is too deep.
* The pitch can be set up to maximum 60mm.


text:
Universalium
Ancient Semitic language whose dialects are spoken throughout the Middle East and North Africa.
Though Arabic words and proper names are found in Aramaic inscriptions, abundant documentation of the language begins only with the rise of Islam, whose main texts are written in Arabic. Grammarians from the 8th century on codified it into the form known as Classical Arabic, a literary and scribal argot that differed markedly from the spoken vernacular. In the 19th–20th centuries, expansion of Classical Arabic's stylistic range and vocabulary led to the creation of Modern Standard Arabic, which serves as a lingua franca among contemporary Arabs. However, Arabic speakers, who number roughly 200 million, use an enormous range of dialects, which at their furthest extremes are mutually unintelligible. Classical Arabic remains an important cultural and religious artifact among the non-Arab Islamic community. See also Arabic alphabet.
Southern-Central Semitic language spoken in a large area including North Africa, most of the Arabian Peninsula, and other parts of the Middle East. (See Afro-Asiatic languages.)
Arabic is the language of the Qurʾān (or Koran, the sacred book of Islam) and the religious language of all Muslims. Literary Arabic, usually called Classical Arabic, is essentially the form of the language found in the Qurʾān, with some modifications necessary for its use in modern times; it is uniform throughout the Arab world. Colloquial Arabic includes numerous spoken dialects, some of which are mutually unintelligible. The chief dialect groups are those of Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Egypt, and North Africa. With the exception of the dialect of Algeria, all Arabic dialects have been strongly influenced by the literary language.
The sound system of Arabic is very different from that of English and the other languages of Europe. It includes a number of distinctive guttural sounds (pharyngeal and uvular fricatives) and a series of velarized consonants (pronounced with accompanying constriction of the pharynx and raising of the back of the tongue). There are three short and three long vowels (/a/, /i/, /u/ and /ā/, /ī/, /ū/). Arabic words always start with a single consonant followed by a vowel, and long vowels are rarely followed by more than a single consonant. Clusters containing more than two consonants do not occur in the language.
Arabic shows the fullest development of typical Semitic (Semitic languages) word structure. An Arabic word is composed of two parts: (1) the root, which generally consists of three consonants and provides the basic lexical meaning of the word, and (2) the pattern, which consists of vowels and gives grammatical meaning to the word. Thus, the root /k-t-b/ combined with the pattern /-i-ā-/ gives kitāb 'book,' whereas the same root combined with the pattern /-ā-i-/ gives kātib 'one who writes' or 'clerk.' The language also makes use of prefixes and suffixes, which act as subject markers, pronouns, prepositions, and the definite article.
Verbs in Arabic are regular in conjugation. There are two tenses: the perfect, formed by the addition of suffixes, which is often used to express past time; and the imperfect, formed by the addition of prefixes and sometimes containing suffixes indicating number and gender, which is often used for expressing present or future time. In addition to the two tenses, there are imperative forms, an active participle, a passive participle, and a verbal noun. Verbs are inflected for three persons, three numbers (singular, dual, plural), and two genders. In Classical Arabic there is no dual form and no gender differentiation in the first person, and the modern dialects have lost all dual forms. The Classical language also has forms for the passive voice.
There are three cases (nominative, genitive, and accusative) in the declensional system of Classical Arabic nouns; however, nouns are no longer declined in the modern dialects. Pronouns occur both as suffixes and as independent words.
Universalium. 2010.
Arabic literary renaissance
Arabic language — Arabic redirects here. For other uses, see Arabic (disambiguation). For the literary standard, see Modern Standard Arabic. For vernaculars, see varieties of Arabic. For others, see Arabic languages. Arabic العربية/عربي/عربى al ʿarabiyyah/ʿarabī … Wikipedia
ARABIC LANGUAGE — ARABIC LANGUAGE. According to the generally accepted division of the semitic languages , Arabic (also called, more appropriately, North Arabic) belongs to the southwest Semitic branch, although some scholars affiliate it with central Semitic. The … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Arabic language — noun the Semitic language of the Arabs; spoken in a variety of dialects • Syn: ↑Arabic • Derivationally related forms: ↑Arabic (for: ↑Arabic) • Members of this Topic: ↑abaya, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
Arabic language school — Arabic language schools are language schools specialized in teaching Arabic as a foreign language to speakers of other languages. There are different types of Arabic language schools based on their focused branch, target audience, methods of… … Wikipedia
Aldiwan Arabic Language Center — Infobox School name = Aldiwan Arabic Language Center imagesize = 178 motto = established = 1997 type = Arabic language school affiliation = district = grades = president = principal = head of school = dean = faculty = staff = students =… … Wikipedia
Academy of the Arabic Language — There are several bodies that compose the Academy of the Arabic Language:#Academy of the Arabic Language in Damascus (Syria) (oldest) #Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo (Egypt) #Academy of the Arabic Language in Amman (Jordan) #Academy of… … Wikipedia
Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo — The Academy of the Arabic Language (مجمع اللغة العربية) is an academy in Cairo founded in 1934 in order to develop and regulate the Arabic language in Egypt. See also * List of language regulators External links *… … Wikipedia
List of Arabic language poets — most of whom were Arabs and who wrote in the Arabic language.Alphabetical listcompactTOC NOTOC A*Abbas Ibn al Ahnaf (750 809) (عباس بن الأحنف) *Salih ibn Abd al Quddus (d. 784) *Iliyya Abu Madi, (d. 1957) * Abid ibn al Abris, (d. 554) *Layla al… … Wikipedia
the Arabic language — language spoken by Arabic peoples (Arabic) … English contemporary dictionary
South Arabic language — Semitic language of southern Arabia and the island of Socotra. South Arabic belongs to the Southern Peripheral group of Semitic languages, along with Geʿez (Geʿez language), Amharic (Amharic language), Tigré (Tigré language), Tigrinya… … Universalium


Photo Courtesy - Getty Images(NEW YORK) -- Americans live in fear when it comes to possibly contracting a fatal disease.
According to a poll conducted last year by Harris Interactive for the MetLife Foundation, four out of ten people are most concerned about getting cancer. That's up slightly from 2006, when the question was posed about scary illnesses.
Next on the worry meter is Alzheimer's disease, with three out of ten Americans fearing that debilitating condition the most. In 2006, just 20 percent of respondents listed Alzheimer's as number one on their list of potentially fatal diseases.
Despite real fears about Alzheimer's, nearly two-thirds of Americans admit knowing very little or virtually nothing about the brain-wasting disease that gradually robs people of their memory and cognitive skills.
As far as other serious conditions are concerned, heart disease, stroke and diabetes were feared the most by 8 percent, 8 percent and 6 percent, respectively.


text:
, est la B.O. du film musical américain, Grease 2, sortie en 1982. L'album fut édité par RSO Records au format cassette audio et Vinyle en 1982, puis au format CD sous le titre Grease 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack), lors d'une réédition par Polydor, en 1996.

Liste des titres

Les musiciens

 Tim May : Guitare
 Andy Muson : Bass
 Denny Seiwell : Drums
 Louis St. Louis : Clavier
 Michael Gibson : Orchestration
 Enregistré à "Evergreen Recording Studios, Burbank Californie"

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Le film Grease 2
 Musique de film

Liens externes
  L'album sur Soundtrack Collector
  L'album sur Discogs
  L'album sur IMDb

Notes et références

Bande originale de film
Album musical sorti en 1982
Album publié par RSO Records

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Trichosteresis nudipennis är en stekelart som beskrevs av Jean-Jacques Kieffer 1907. Trichosteresis nudipennis ingår i släktet Trichosteresis och familjen trefåresteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Trefåresteklar
nudipennis


text:
Allegheny Bradford Family Of Companies
"Custom Built To A Higher Standard!"
World leading fabricator of ultra pure processing equipment.
"A Leader In Polishing Stainless Steel!"
Specializing in state of the art electropolishing and mechanical polishing services.
"Experts in Biowaste Decontamination Systems"
The Allegheny Bradford Family of Companies including Allegheny Bradford, Top Line Process Equipment Company and Allegheny Surface Technology are always looking for talented and ambitious individuals. If you feel you possess the background and experience necessary to succeed in our industry and are seriously interested in becoming an integral part of our growing family of companies, please send a resume to our Human Resource Department at jobs@alleghenybradford.com or view our Job Listings .
Download Our Application For Employment
Download Our Amazing Company Benefits
INTERPHEX 2021
Date: April 20 - 22, 2021
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Allegheny Bradford Corporation Announces The Sale Of Its Top Line Process Equipment Company Division To Steel & O'Brien Manufacturing of Arcade, New York
On Friday, July 31st, Allegheny Bradford Corporation closed the sale of its Top Line division to Steel & O'Brien Manufacturing of Arcade, New York. Dan McCune, President and CEO of Allegheny Bradford states, "This is a win/win opportunity for both businesses, allowing Steel & O'Brien to expand its presence in the flow control technologies industry while Allegheny Bradford focuses all its energy and resources on the opportunities developing in the Bio-Pharmaceutical industry." He adds, "Allegheny Bradford is uniquely positioned to take advantage of the developing US policy of on-shoring America's medical supply chain."
Over the next couple of months, the Top Line operations will be integrated into the Steel & O'Brien operations, which will create much needed manufacturing floor space for Allegheny Bradford. This sale, along with the changing business environment and the Allegheny Bradford's ongoing process improvement programs, gives the Corporation the ability to excel in coming years.
Allegheny Bradford Corporation is a fabricator of sanitary, code stamped pressure vessels and systems worldwide.
Allegheny Bradford Corporation and Its Subsidiaries are Open and Here to Serve Our Valued Customers
First, I just want to say that our hearts go out to everyone impacted by this global pandemic. We extend our heartfelt wishes to anyone who is sick for their full recovery. As much as this pandemic tries to bring morale down, we are inspired every day by selfless healthcare workers and first responders.
Gov. Tom Wolf closed all non-life-sustaining businesses in Pennsylvania due to COVID-19. We are exempt and we will continue to ship high-quality equipment, components, and provide services in support of our customer's efforts to supply the nation with life-sustaining food and medicine.
Our Safe Workplace Plan
We want to maintain a safe workplace and adopt practices to protect the health of our employees, customers, visitors, and others. We have asked all of our employees to cooperate in taking steps to reduce the transmission of communicable diseases in the workplace.
> Employees are encouraged to follow CDC and WHO guidelines like staying home when they are sick, washing their hands frequently, and using sanitizers in high touch areas.
> We are deep cleaning the buildings every Friday evening as employees go home. We support natural disinfecting by keeping the buildings closed from Friday evening until Monday morning.
> We are taking preventative actions like workplace social distancing through the limiting of third party facility access, limiting inter-facility employee contact, and many employees are working from home.
> Employees are encouraged to use telephone and video conferencing instead of face-to-face meetings as much as possible.
While this is an ever-evolving situation, currently we anticipate no interruptions to our customer service, support, and shipments as part of the critical infrastructure industry. As the situation changes, we will keep you informed. Thank you for trusting us with your business. We will work together in these challenging circumstances to best serve your customers.
Dan McCune
Allegheny Bradford Corporation
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A modern town house on this popular residential development convenient for schools and local amenities and comprising of lounge with staircase leading to the first floor, modern fitted breakfast kitchen and cloakroom including WC. To the first floor are two bedrooms and family bathroom. Also benefitting from gas fired central heating, uPVC double glazing and off road parking. Potential long term let.


Commencement 2012—Were you here? Or did you miss it? In either case, take a look at the BAM's Reunion and Commencement slideshows. We photographed the entire weekend—from Campus Dance to the procession down College Hill and Commencement exercises on Sunday.
In Providence's Steel Yard, Clay Rockefeller '03 has created a nonprofit that trains industrial and fine artists while creating jobs.
The class of 1962 may have set a record for busiest 50th reunion. Among other things, members organized a class golf tournament, a RISD tour, and live entertainment featuring performances by the Chattertocks and Jabberwocks, as well as a choir of alumnae (below) who sang nostalgic favorites at the class dinner in Andrews Dining Hall.
As the final ceremony of Commencement Weekend, two undergraduates were commissioned as second lieutenants in the United States Marine Corps.
Novelist and essayist Marilyn Robinson '66 on how our education system holds students back.
Baby boomers are getting old, which means the world of the elderly is about to change.
In her Baccalaureate Address and her remarks at the Hour With the President, Ruth J. Simmons leaves office with eloquence—and a new honorary degree.
National Book Award nominee Deborah Heiligman '80 takes young readers from the bright innocence of childhood to the grey complexities of adulthood.
After finding herself divorced at sixty, a woman looks for romance online. Here's what she found there.
A farewell to Professor-at-Large Carlos Fuentes, whose political acumen and sweeping novels made him a literary giant.
A farewell to Charles W. Colson '53, a Nixon hatchet man whose time in jain turned him into an inmate advocate.
Obituaries from the July/August 2012 issue.
To honor what she's accomplished as president, the Corporation renames Lincoln Field after Ruth J. Simmons.
How did the Bears do during the 2011-12 academic year? Here's everything you need to know.
Nine questions with Providence College grad Jack Hayes, Brown's new director of athletics.
If your image of a classicist is a tweedy professor haunting dusty archives, think again.
Boston's Blue Heron choir has been performing and recording Renaissance music under the direction of Scott Metcalfe '85.
Blackballed by the Justice Department, Jesselyn Radack '92 now defends whistleblowers.
Doron Weber '77 discusses the death of his son, Damon.
After the tragic death of his teenage son, Doron Weber '77 writes a searing memoir that raises questions about his treatment.
A must-see at New York City's Museum of Modern Art this summer is "A Living Man Declared Dead and Other Chapters I—XVIII," by photographer Taryn Simon '97.
Movie producer Simon Kinberg '95 writes vampire movies and earns up to $300,000 a week salvaging other writers' scripts.
During Senior Week, as they prepared to exit the Van Wickle Gates, several soon-to-be-graduates told the BAM what they'd been up to during their four years at Brown.
Do you have a product you want our readers to know about? Your work may be eligible for the 2012 Holiday Gift Guide.


text:
Inclusion, Diversity, Equity and Advocacy
Visiting the Department
Outstanding Young Alumnus/Alumna
How to Hire Our Students
People + Planet Magazine
Image Caption Title #1: Treatment of Drinking Water
Image Caption #1: Sarah Clark is regularly called upon by the EPA to serve on technical advisory committees where she can apply her expertise on the development of the Disinfection By-Products rules.
Image Caption Title #2: Durango Water Treatment - Durango, CO
Image Caption #2: Sarah and her team at HDR, Inc. provided improvements to the City of Durango's water treatment facilities that included treatment responses to major water quality changes resulting from forest fire impacts.
Sarah C. Clark
B.A., University of California at Santa Barbara, 1973
Sarah Clark is a national drinking water regulatory expert, who maintains close relationships within the drinking water regulatory arena and works on several national technical committees. Currently a Senior Project Manager at HDR, Inc., her two decades of committee work have allowed her to have direct input into national drinking water regulations. She also has extensive experience in water treatment process engineering, water treatment plant operations, and full-scale and pilot plant research studies with innovative and advanced treatment processes.
Clark was raised in Boulder, Colorado, and began her association with the department as an administrative staff member after she graduated from college in California with a history degree. She worked at various times for Professors Hudson Matlock, Roy Olson, Stephen Wright, Ken Stokoe, Joe Ledbetter and Joe Malina. Many people will also remember her as Undergraduate Coordinator.
Her civil engineering career began after she graduated from UT with her bachelor's degree and started to work for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New York District, at West Point, New York. As the first female engineer to work at West Point, she managed construction and served as a project engineer and office engineer for the Area Engineer Office. In 1991, she returned to UT and received a master's degree in environmental and water resources engineering.
Subsequently, she spent two years as a municipal water engineer for CH2M Hill in the San Francisco Bay Area, then returned to Austin in 1993 to become the Water Regulatory Manager for the City of Austin Water & Wastewater Utility. She was honored for numerous accomplishments, as an individual and as part of various project teams by the City. While at the City, Clark also became a member of the EPA Technical Advisory Workgroup and was instrumental in the development of Stage 1 and Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts rules.
She continues to be a force in the regulatory development process and is a strong participant in multiple American Water Works Association (AWWA) research projects as a researcher and project advisory committee member. She also regularly teaches operator training programs and drinking water regulatory seminars and is Editor of the HDR Safe Drinking Water Act newsletter.
Kim Barnett,
Communications and Alumni Coordinator
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How important is it to share?
Reader, do you share? If so, how much? And what about? Sometimes it can feel like the whole world has gone sharing mad in the seemingly never-ending clamour to be seen and heard. On the whole I have pretty much stayed away from social media/networking… yet here I am writing my first blog entry to you!
It stuck me recently that I am practically a secret artist. As in I practice virtually in secret. I am, by my own choice and action, pretty much invisible. When I paint, perform, or create film and images, very few people will know about it. Productivity has never been a problem but putting my work out into the world has. Why? Control? Probably… Fear? Yes, definitely. I am afraid of the unknown and talking about my work is unfamiliar territory. I've always had a rich creative life. Like so many people my imagination is my retreat, my safe place. So I can appreciate how I have cultivated a culture of secrecy around my work and why I might feel protective.
But protective of what exactly?! I don't know. This is where I begin the journey of opening this blog. To write to you today, I am now overriding my basic instincts, I'm going against the tide of 36 years of mental and emotional programming.
I knew it was time. Way, way over time. So here I am.
"If you've got something to say, say it! Simple!" Yes, thank you! If that's what you're thinking, thank you. I love and need to hear this refreshing perspective so counter to my world and experience.
For some of you maybe you hear my hesitation, my caution, perhaps you too are a secret artist (and that includes the secret artists who hide their work perhaps not in their studio, or even in books, but in their imagination, even if it is just the feeling or longing to be creative not knowing what that is… yet!) I dedicate this blog to you.
To you I commit to sharing weekly about all aspects of my journey as an artist. I'm even considering opening an artist Facebook page in honour of my forthcoming show (more on that coming soon!) But please believe me, when I say, this is an area of life that has defined me. To say I have resistance is an understatement but what my instincts also tell me is; having the courage to share and connect through my work is part of the whole deal of being an artist. Art exists in connection, not isolation. Something tells me that if I release my voice, release my process, I will then also be able to release my work and that my friend is where it's at, letting go! Next level stuff. Quite probably you are a way ahead of me on this one and if not, the good news is, if I can do it, truly so can you!


A transaction involving Hughes Hubbard & Reed that secured a $3 billion credit line for Brazilian mining giant Vale from a consortium of 27 international banks with historic low fees and margins was named 'Loan of the Year 2011' by International Financing Review magazine (IFR).
"For leading the way and positioning the borrower as a global player, Vale's US $3 billion five-year revolver is IFR's Latin America Loan of the Year," the article reads.
Hughes Hubbard was the lead counsel for Vale, the world's second largest mining company, in the April 2011 transaction. Vale added the revolving credit facility to an existing $1.6 billion revolving credit line due to mature in 2011 and 2012. The deal was structured to allow Vale's subsidiaries to draw upon the fund during its five-year timeframe. The financing was designed as a "short term liquidity buffer" to enhance the company′s liquidity and allow more efficient cash management.
The consortium of banks was led by Crédit Agricole, Mizuho and Natixis. Other members included HSBC, Société Générale, Deutsche Bank, Citibank, Morgan Stanley, Credit Suisse and Goldman Sachs.
Amy G. Dulin, Mark Denham and Emilio Saiz worked on the transaction.


We are the residents of the Bosque Village, and we write about our struggles, adventures, and successes as we create and maintain our paradise.
The Bosque Village was founded in 2004 on 80 acres of pine, oak, and madrone forest. We are off the grid, using no outside water or power. By adjusting our lifestyle we have enough power from solar panels and enough water from rain catchment. The solar panels also offer enough power to have internet using laptop computers. We are a space for artists, writers, meditators, exercise enthusiasts, and creative friends to enjoy. Our goal is to live with nature using minimal resources for maximum benefit.
We are a mix of intentional community, permaculture farm, volunteer opportunity, research center, utopian experiment, retreat center and campground.
Our facilities include a sauna, a rustic campground with camping spaces that are either deep in our magical forest or around other travelers, five cabanas, miles of trails for hiking, birdwatching, and observing wildlife, peaceful areas for yoga and meditation, composting toilets, solar panels to provide minimal power, a guesthouse for lounging, a solar hot water heater, and numerous gardens, a plant nursery, art studios and classes, large cisterns for water catchment, a telescope for stargazing and astronomy, fun dance parties, photography classes, a massage table, and the study of medicinal plants.
We are involved with reforestation, permaculture, alternatives to Burning Man, renewable energy and sustainable living. We have restored bird and butterfly habitat and by diversifying the forest will provide more habitats for other creatures who want to live with us.
We offer retreats for artists and writers, natural building classes (cob, strawbale, and adobe), wood and stone carving, ethno-botony, Day of the Dead excursions and events during Semana Santa, and much more!


text:
GAMINGGaming Features
'Fallout: New Vegas' 10 years on: why Obsidian's RPG is still unbeaten
Heartache, by the numbers
By Jordan Oloman
Fallout: New Vegas. Credit: Obisidian Entertainment
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I always seem to find a reason to return to Obsidian Entertainment's Fallout: New Vegas. It will live indefinitely in my Steam 'Favourites' category, because looking through my 65 hours of save games is like reliving multiple past lives.
When it came out in October of 2010, I remember being on board the hype train. I had played a lot of The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion and then Fallout 3, warts and all, which was my first proper introduction to the series when I was in my mid-teens.
READ MORE: The best games you missed in 2020
Having grown up on a diet of 3D platformers and Pokémon, meaty RPGs with such worldbuilding and mechanical nuance felt frankly alien to me. I got lost in these inspired worlds so quickly because I hadn't played anything remotely like it. Particularly with Fallout, I was hopelessly addicted to its premise, too.
Some of the political commentary naturally flew over my head in favour of "Woah, Deathclaws" and cool head explosions, but the broad strokes concerning the mythos of American exceptionalism stuck. With New Vegas in particular, it was fascinating to watch extremist groups flourish and war with each other in the wake of an apocalypse, and study what aspects of society they decided to rebuild or leave behind. Framing this situation against a monument to human excess – The Las Vegas Strip – made for one hell of an atmosphere.
Plenty of role-playing games use factions to give colour to their world, to the point where I'd argue it's become something of a crutch in open-world RPG game design ever since 2010. But precious few games back that commitment up with the agency and clever writing that Fallout: New Vegas provided, and that's where they fall short.
Instead of monochrome choices which doom or venerate gangs, you take part in smaller scale operations in the Mojave that explore their intentions and motivations prior to any ultimatums. This helps you understand the organization at large and feel a greater sense of place in the world. Take the first few engagements in Goodsprings, Primm and Nipton, for example – New Vegas' opening really is a masterclass.
The Powder Gangers are presented as the ultimate antagonists at first, harassing an innocent town in Goodsprings to settle a score. But as you make your way to Primm, you start to realise that the dynamic in New Vegas is really not that simple.
The first time you meet the NCR – the supposed moral peacekeepers of the Mojave – they're hapless and outmanned, on the outskirts of a town besieged by the failures of the movement's own bureaucracy. A breakout at their own "correctional facility" gave rise to the Powder Gangers, who have now taken over Primm. The sheriff's sleeping, decapitated body is still warm in an outskirt shack when you arrive… one example of the impeccable environmental storytelling in New Vegas.
For the player, it proves more difficult and thankless to work with the NCR to restore order than it is to solve the problem yourself – in the end, they bring high taxes and overbearing rule to the struggling, innocent residents. You start to see the difficulty of trying to brute force old-world values and laws on a lawless society, a thread that unravels over the course of the game. And then we get to Nipton, which is where you really start to see the bigger picture. Here we find another major faction, Caesar's Legion. The brutes are toying with their food, crucifying Powder Gangers and razing a small town just to send a message.
But when you find the ravaging troupe they don't want to instantly kill you, as you have come to expect from the gruesome scene. In fact, Vulpes Inculta would rather explain his reasoning. Nipton was a town overrun by crime, lorded over by a corrupt mayor cutting deals with the NCR and the Powder Gangers, playing them against each other and betraying his constituents in chase of greed. Inculta instigated a lottery to figure out who would live and who would die out of the criminals he has caught in his trap. To him this is justice!
And instead of conventional RPG quest design, where you would meet an escapee begging for help, you find a criminal in an abandoned house, who was beaten by the Legion but not killed thanks to the principles of the lottery. When you tell him that you're going to try and save the enslaved, he says "Don't act like you'd be doing me a favour. I don't give a fuck".
This for me encapsulates why New Vegas is so good. It is consistently toying with your expectations less than two hours in. You don't even know why you were left for dead at the start of the game, but your mind is already racing thanks to the unique political landscape of this inimitable experience.
All of the gameplay systems hold up well, but revisiting New Vegas over the holidays has really given me the chance to thoroughly appreciate the game's remarkable ambient soundtrack – provided by Inon Zur – which followed me throughout the wasteland, sending shivers up my spine.
The problem nowadays is that it's a pain in the arse to get it running properly, at least on PC. A next-gen port would be much appreciated, just to make it playable without too much effort. Saying that, I don't think it needs to be reskinned or have any of its features updated if a remaster was on the cards… Fallout 4 tried this and undermined a lot of New Vegas' best systems. It's brilliant as is, I'm just sick of the crashing!
I've found a somewhat happy medium by avoiding tacky visual patches and just installing some bug fixing mods, but that shouldn't have to be the case to play a modern classic like this. And even so, it still crashes quite frequently – though I'm almost glad it does, or I might play it too much…
¯_(ツ)_/¯ https://t.co/MqyiuNsWS2
— Obsidian (@Obsidian) September 21, 2020
Of course, the future looks brighter than ever for all things Fallout: New Vegas as we enter 2021. InXile, Obsidian and Bethesda are now under one roof at Microsoft, following its Zenimax acquisition. Hell, we learned this week that InXile is hiring for an FPS RPG right now… The finest minds in Fallout have an opportunity to collaborate and reinvigorate a forlorn franchise without any of the bullshit – I sincerely hope something comes of it.
More Gaming Stories:
Tones And I to perform interactive concert inside 'Fortnite'
Bobby Kotick declines to comment on his future at Activision Blizzard
Companies are investing millions in Metaverse real estate
Game Pass image shows 'Death's Door' and more coming to the service
Xbox Game Pass to get past, present and future Activision Blizzard games


text:
Why Hewlett-Packard Has Underperformed the Dow
John Maxfield, The Motley Fool, AOL.com
Sep 26th 2012 12:09PM
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (INDEX: ^DJI) contains 30 of the best-known and most successful companies in the world. They build the airplanes we ride on, serve us millions of hamburgers every day, and bring us the Internet on the devices they assemble.
But while their distinct identities are often usurped by inclusion on the index, each of the Dow's components offers investors unique opportunities and exposure. With this in mind, this article series provides a cursory update on each of the 30 stocks included on the storied index. Up today is Hewlett-Packard (NYS: HPQ) .
As you can see in the following chart, HP is being dominated by the Dow. For the year, the longtime personal-computer maker is down nearly 37% while the broader market is up more than 8.5%. What gives?
HPQ Total Return Price data by YCharts.
My colleague Matt Thalman probably summed up HP's recent performance best by saying: "If you feel like [HP] is constantly one of the Dow stocks moving lower...well, that's because it is."
Suffice it to say, HP's problems come down to one simple fact: The personal-computer market, HP's bread and butter, is waning in favor of tablets and smartphones. As my colleague Evan Niu noted: "The PC market ain't what it used to be." Just recently, analysts pegged PC growth in the second quarter as effectively flat, and things look worse going forward.
Explaining its decision to temper forward earning guidance, Intel (NAS: INTC) recently admitted that its customers -- namely, hardware manufacturers -- are reducing inventory at a time when they typically grow it in preparation for the holiday season and that there's "softness" in the enterprise PC business.
Over the weekend, moreover, an analyst at Evercore Partners reduced growth forecasts for the PC industry to -4% in 2012 and zero in 2013, compared with a previous forecast of flat for 2012 and 4% growth next year.
So is HP dead in the water?
While this is impossible to predict with certainty, as HP is trying to remake itself under new leadership, things don't look good for the 70-plus-year-old company going forward. It's for this reason, in turn, that investors would be wise to play it safe with one of the three stocks identified in our widely popular free report about American companies set to dominate the world. To access this free report instantly, simply click here now.
The article Why Hewlett-Packard Has Underperformed the Dow originally appeared on Fool.com.
Fool contributor John Maxfield does not own shares in Intel or HP. The Motley Fool owns shares of Intel. Motley Fool newsletter services have recommended buying shares of Intel. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days.