The Old Foodie: Patently Dried Vegetables.
I have been looking at some early British patents for various methods of food preservation, and want to share one of my finds with you today.
Until 1623, it was the privilege of the Crown to bestow (and presumably remove) monopolies. The Statute of Monopolies of 1623 aimed to limit this power, and allow inventors 14 years of exclusive right to the use and profits of their work. The statute remained in force until it was superseded by the Patent Law Amendment Act of 1852.
The first recorded British patent for a method of food preservation was in 1691. The recipients were Thomas Porter and John White, and although the details of their method were not given, it appears to have involved heat. It also appears that no commercial venture ensued from the successful application. Over the next hundred years or so, applications for 'letters patent' trickled in and were granted. Methods patented included those using spices, sugars such as molasses, salt, and chemicals such as saltpeter. The first patent for a canning method was that of Peter Durand in 1810, and for a freezing method, it was not until 1842 that Henry Benjamin and Henry Grafton obtained their grant for freezing fish in an ice and salt mixture.
Graefer believed that his invention would enable the vegetables to be kept for a year or more, without losing flavour or nutritive value. He also recognized its potential importance to the Navy, for the prevention of scurvy. I do not know if he ever made a commercial success of his method – that may be fodder for another post.
May you have some happy food-drying experiences.
This sounds like a pretty good drying method compared to other old drying recipes I've found. I wouldn't let the leaves rehydrate though since moisture would allow mold growth but I guess that is why he adds salt to the blanching method.
I agree, Mizz Harpy, it is an odd instruction - to dry thoroughly then rehydrate slightly. too difficult to control, I think.
The patentee was ahead of his time though, I think. I dont think his idea got much attention.
The idea that dried vegetables could prevent scurvy was a fallacy that lasted for years.
In 1858 the US Army Medical Department was investigating an outbreak of scurvy at Ft Laramie, Kansas Territory (in what was later the state of Wyoming). The soldiers were succumbing to scurvy, said the medicos, because of a diet that included mostly dessicated vegetables.
Nonsense, replied the Commisary Department. Whatever was ailing Ft. Laramie, it couldn't possibly be scurvy. After all, the men had access to plenty of dessicated vegetables.
What is really amazing is that all the evidence was there from the second half of the eighteenth century that citrus could be used to prevent/treat scurvy - yet even the navies around the world were still allowing sailors (and in the case you mention - land soldiers) to suffer from it a hundred years later.
Pumpkin Wine, Grown on the Vine.
A Mysterious Stew for Halloween.
Witch Cakes and Goblin Sandwiches.
Variations on a Theme of Puddings and Cakes..
Food in a Time of Plague and Fire.
A Spider in the Chocolate.
The Baker's Coat of Arms.
The Use and Meaning of Sauce, 1588.
Things to do with Treacle.


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Albion's People.: The Question is, are we for Real?
The Question is, are we for Real?
"From the moment you stick your nose out of your mother's womb THAT is reality, BUT IS IT?
The premise is that in our case our apparent reality could be caused by interference by a 'Matrix' that gives us APPARENT solidity and SUPPOSED purpose and it is the controllers of a 'Matrix' for the want of a better description that projects a Hologram and who determine the narrative. Are we in reality pure invisible energy or a singular consciousness, a single awareness that exists throughout the Cosmos unlike man-made electromagnetic energy like Radio and TV signals? Perhaps we are of this universal singular consciousness but trapped in some-ones else's game?
The bible talks at length of spirits and souls, never of a singular consciousness or cosmic awareness. No-one is sure what our purpose is assuming we have a purpose at all. Sceptics will say we serve no purpose other than to be born, live and die; that is an even bigger ask. There has to be more, so they will never question who controls the Matrix if there is such a thing, Non-sceptics might ask is it a civilization that is so far advanced than ours that projects on its inhabitants a bogus reality, but more importantly is it possible to escape this Matrix?
There are Professors, Astrophysicists and Academics that theorise that what we experience as reality is not so. Could it be possible, as they suspect we are participants in a hologram; players in a game, not unlike the Computer Game Second Life except we do not get to choose our role, it has been chosen for us. If this 'game' has been played out since time began for humans we will accept this as reality without question.
It is difficult or impossible to comprehend this line of reasoning that I propose that what we are experiencing is NOT true reality.
Of course this is all speculative and can be easily dismissed but impossible to prove, as are many of our traditional beliefs. One could ask the question why the huge contradictions between intelligence of man the architect and engineer and the stupidity and the huge contradictions of his systems of beliefs, they are myths and traditional stories, especially ones concerning the early history of a people and social phenomenon's typically involving paranormal and/or supernatural beings or events or a widely held but false beliefs. We send probes to Pluto and hope to send people on a one way trip the Mars. We have come a long way, we have ceased worshiping Idols but still worship; well take your pick.
If there were to be a way out of this Hologram we might call it death, although we cease to be a player in the game we are still of interstellar origin, we would have been released but we are still pure energy and we return from whence we came as a Singular Cosmic consciousness. I also ask the question do our inter-stellar visitors who flit between universes even dimensions instantly hope to be received in a heaven on death ….that is if they are true believers.
Things have changed. I was taught that an Atom was the smallest particle of matter that can exist, but Sub Atomic particles and the concept of string theory have been discovered that surpass this smallest particle of matter that can exist. Here we step into the realm of Quantum Physics and here it starts to get difficult. So what else have we to learn?
Mr Einstein as clever as he was explained in his formula that E = MC 2. It is mass that dictates the speed of light. It does hold true in this part of the universe. In another universe where does it leave his speed of light if mass is not factored in as it may not even exist?
Briefly I would like to put our position in our Galaxy into perspective. Proxima Centauri is 4.24 light years away from Earth. The furthest humans have ever travelled is a loop around the moon: a tiny .00000007 light years away. Voyager 1 our furthest and currently fastest travelling space craft—would still take about 75,000 years to reach this system, our closest neighbour (and it's not pointed in the right direction). I suppose we refer to slingshots here to speed up our trip.
Tension in my Lady's Chambers.


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Stem Cell Transplant Gaining Ground as MS Therapy Option
by Hawken Miller | March 22, 2022
Nothing was working for Jennifer Stansbury Koenig, who was diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in 2010 the day before she learned she was pregnant.
The first disease-modifying therapy (DMT) Koenig started in 2013, Tecfidera (dimethyl fumarate), an oral capsule developed and marketed by Biogen, made her symptoms worse, she said. Flushing began and walking became significantly harder. Since the weekend she first used that DMT, Koenig has not been able to go on the 5-mile hikes she and her husband enjoyed near their cabin in Kentucky's Daniel Boone National Forest.
The second DMT, Tysabri (natalizumab), also marketed by Biogen, yielded the same results. The third, Copaxone (glatiramer acetate injection), marketed by Teva Pharmaceuticals, seemed to make no difference at all, Koenig said.
Part of the reason these DMTs didn't work and seemed to exacerbate her multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms was that remnant Lyme disease virus antibodies were hiding in her immune system, a fact she learned in December 2015.
Jennifer Stansbury Koenig's nonprofit, HSCT Warriors, promotes awareness of the procedure for MS and autoimmune disease patients. (Photo courtesy of Jennifer Stansbury Koenig)
Four months later, Koenig read a magazine article about autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT), a procedure that has historically used a patient's own stem cells to treat blood cancers.
Koenig learned that some multiple sclerosis patients are using the procedure to halt or slow disease activity when other options fail.
She connected with Richard Burt, MD, professor of medicine at Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, an expert in aHSCT for MS patients, and editor of a recently published textbook on stem cells and other cellular therapies for autoimmune diseases. At the time Koenig contacted him, Burt was running a clinical trial (NCT00273364) that looked at the differences between aHSCT and FDA-approved DMTs. Koenig did not end up qualifying for that trial, but received the treatment on a compassionate use basis.
Trial results, published in 2019, showed that 15% of RRMS patients had a relapse five years after aHSCT, compared with 85% of those randomized to a DMT. Also, about 10% of patients experienced disease progression in the five years after aHSCT, compared with 75% on DMTs.
In the U.S., those who know about aHSCT but don't qualify for trials often seek out doctors internationally who specialize in the procedure. Koenig said some U.S. doctors are now considering the treatment outside of clinical trials.
However, with the potential of becoming MS-free comes the dangers of aHSCT. The risky procedure harvests stem cells from a patient's bone marrow and reinjects them into the body after the immune system is temporarily killed off by aggressive chemotherapy.
Trials show aHSCT promise, risks
Jeffrey Cohen, MD, is director of experimental therapeutics at Cleveland Clinic's Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, and protocol chair for BEAT-MS (NCT04047628), a clinical trial investigating aHSCT in MS. According to Cohen, side effects of the procedure can include collateral bone marrow damage and engraftment syndrome, which causes fever, skin rashes, lung damage, low oxygen levels, and diarrhea.
Cohen said that given the risks associated with aHSCT, MS patients should try at least one DMT first.
"I don't think most people appreciate how risky and how complicated the procedure is," Cohen told Multiple Sclerosis News Today. "They just sort of think about what they hear is the good aspects, but it is a pretty complicated and a pretty risky procedure."
Some patients have died from complications relating to the procedure, but for Koenig, the risk was worth it.
Koenig receives chemotherapy during her autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation process. (Photo courtesy of Jennifer Stansbury Koenig)
"I felt like I would rather die trying than to never have tried at all," Koenig said in an interview. "Because, at the end of the day, even if the MS were to resurface and relapse, at least I will have tried."
After being reinjected with her stem cells in the fall of 2017, Koenig said she knew the treatment had worked. She felt like her mind was clearer; neighbors who visited her in the days after her transplant noticed she was walking better. The therapy, however, hasn't healed the lesions in the 43-year-old's brain and spinal cord, and she can struggle with walking and returning to her previous active lifestyle.
Realizing that change wasn't cheap. This type of treatment carries a roughly $150,000 price tag without insurance. Koenig's insurance initially approved the treatment, which cost $125,000 in her case, but it rescinded coverage a week later. The appeals process would have taken too long and risk her chance to go through with it, as she had begun to transition into a more chronic form of MS. Family and friends stepped in to cover the out-of-pocket cost, with her parents using the money they made from selling their house to partly fund the procedure.
A couple of studies have shown initial success for aHSCT in MS patients, supporting Koenig's experience. A paper published last year found positive results for 210 RRMS and progressive MS patients in Italy. For RRMS, 86% of patients remained alive and free of disability worsening after five years and 71% after 10 years. The figures were 71% and 57% for progressive MS patients, respectively. Three patients given transplants before 2007 died within 100 days following the procedure.
"This is really a change of the management of multiple sclerosis. It's important that the patient and their relative[s] know that there is a chance to perform bone marrow [stem cell] transplantation," Antonio Bertolotto, MD, a study co-author, told Multiple Sclerosis News Today. Bertolotto also is former director of the Neurology & Regional Referral Multiple Sclerosis Center at the University Hospital San Luigi Gonzaga in Northeast Italy.
A separate clinical trial (NCT01099930) at the University of Ottawa in Canada followed MS patients who underwent aHSCT over the last two decades. Trial results presented at a recent MS conference showed that no patient experienced a relapse post-transplant and disability remained stable or slightly improved after a follow-up period ranging from eight months to 20 years.
Jeffrey Cohen, MD, is a neurologist at the Cleveland Clinic and study chair for BEAT-MS. (Photo courtesy of Jeffrey Cohen)
In October, the National MS Society voiced support for aHSCT in people with very aggressive RRMS who responded poorly to DMTs.
BEAT-MS, sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, is currently recruiting up to 156 adult patients at sites across the U.S and in the U.K. to compare aHSCT with the best available therapy for treatment-resistant relapsing MS. It is believed to be the only available trial for this kind of therapy in the U.S.
"We're very interested in transplant as a treatment option, but for it to become more widely accepted, including to be covered by [insurance] payers … we think a formal study like BEAT-MS is necessary," Cohen said.
There's always a chance aHSCT won't be as effective in some patients compared to others because of the individualized nature of the immune system, Harold Atkins, MD, said in an interview. Atkins is a physician in the transplant and cell therapy program at The Ottawa Hospital, who co-authored a study on the Phase 2 Canadian trial and has been involved in aHSCT since the late 1990s.
It won't work for those with late progressive MS, Atkins added, but might be effective at reducing future relapses for patients transitioning from RRMS to progressive MS. A recent study he cited found that aHSCT did not reduce disability progression in secondary-progressive MS when compared to a low-dose immunosuppressive therapy.
Atkins said the immune system that affects MS is different in acute RRMS compared with chronic progressive MS. The procedure seems to work well for acute cases, but not so much for the latter, he said.
All physicians interviewed for this story say aHSCT works much better in earlier disease stages, before severe disability heightens the risk of complications from the procedure, or before the development of late progressive MS makes success less likely. The optimal time to introduce the treatment is still more of a question mark than a period, Cohen said, and studies like BEAT-MS will help answer that question.
Where stem cell transplant now stands
aHSCT is not approved for MS by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), meaning it cannot be marketed and distributed between states, according to Paul Richards, chief of the consumer affairs branch at the FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. The regulatory agency also has issued multiple warnings about the use of stem cells for "regenerative therapies."
Medical practitioners interested in pursuing stem cell therapy would need to ensure compliance with FDA regulations on human cells, tissues, and cellular and tissue-based products before moving forward. The product can be used without a pre-market application to the FDA only if it meets certain requirements under the law.
Richards said care should be used and guidelines should be carefully reviewed before moving forward. He encourages patients and doctors to contact the FDA with questions specific to their aHSCT procedure.
Pharmaceutical companies don't have much of an incentive to get involved yet because of the lack of FDA approval. Drugs used for the aHSCT procedure also have been available for a long time, Bertolotto said. For example, cyclophosphamide, a chemotherapy medication cited in the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation protocol for aHSCT in MS, was approved in 1959 and now is used under a generic name.
Bertolotto said that even though the treatment comes with risks, patients should be made aware of the option of aHSCT earlier rather than it being used as a rescue treatment after trying numerous DMTs.
There also is an economic incentive to explore aHSCT earlier for whoever is paying for the procedure, whether it be the government or private insurance, Bertolotto said. Stem cell transplant is a one-time treatment whereas typical immune-suppressing MS medications must be administered relatively frequently, he explained.
Subsequent doses of Ocrevus (ocrelizumab), an antibody therapy developed by Genentech, lead to the death of immune system B-cells but must be administered every six months, with the total annual cost topping $65,000. Assuming the patient does not relapse after aHSCT, the cost would be made up in a little more than two years.
In Italy, this procedure is considered standard care and a clinical option for MS patients. Many patients, however, aren't aware it exists there and around the globe.
To help bridge that knowledge gap, Bertolotto, who currently runs a private MS clinic, is evangelizing aHSCT and other therapies not supported by pharmaceutical companies to patients and neurologists in his country through an emailed newsletter. The project is funded by an Italian research organization.
That's also what Koenig is doing in the U.S. with her foundation, HSCT Warriors, which was born from a podcast of the same name launched in August 2018, where she has interviewed more than 70 patients and caregivers who experienced aHSCT. In the meantime, the nonprofit is promoting awareness of the procedure for MS and autoimmune disease patients. Her hope is that people learn about aHSCT before failing multiple treatments.
"If I had learned about HSCT sooner, I know I would have explored it as an option to halt the progression of my disease. So, ultimately, we believe people deserve the chance to make an informed decision about their care," Koenig said.
Hawken Miller Hawken graduated from the University of Southern California (USC) in 2019. Before joining BioNews, he wrote for the Washington Post's video game and esports section, Launcher, where he still contributes as a freelancer. Hawken is also a columnist for BioNews, focusing on his experience with Duchenne muscular dystrophy for Muscular Dystrophy News Today. His work has appeared in Dot Esports, The Orange County Register, KTLA 5, and The Sacramento Bee. He won a Webby for virtual reality journalism at USC.
AHSCT, autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant, BEAT-MS clinical trial, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs)
December 28, 2022 News by Lindsey Shapiro, PhD
Ublituximab, Now Briumvi, Approved in US for Relapsing Forms of MS
November 2, 2022 News by Marta Figueiredo, PhD
#ECTRIMS2022 – Analyses Weigh Stem Cell Transplant Versus DMTs
October 19, 2022 News by Patricia Valerio, PhD
2 Biomarkers Seen as Best at Predicting Course of Relapsing MS

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Scorecard: Grading the debate performances of Donald Trump and Joe Biden
By James Pindell Globe Staff,Updated September 29, 2020, 10:56 p.m.
James Pindell: It was the worst general election presidential debate in American history.
It was the worst general election presidential debate in American history.
There were huge, important topics on the table: the future of the Supreme Court, a raging pandemic still killing Americans, the fragile state of the economy, a movement for racial justice, and whether this election will end American democracy as we know it.
The 90-minute event was a chance for the candidates to show a clear contrast, describe their plans, and convince Americans they can do the job.
But for much of the debate, only two things were evident: Former vice president Joe Biden is actually quite old and President Trump isn't presidential.
No one won this debate, and the loser was clearly the United States of America.
Related: 'You have no idea': A look at the reaction online to the first 2020 presidential debate
To be sure, heading into the event there were few undecided voters. Most of those watching know who they are voting for, but hoped to cheer for their side. Here is the thing: There was nothing to cheer for.
The grades below are based on two factors: how each candidate did, including the substance and resonance of their responses, and whether they accomplished what they needed to in the context of their campaigns.
Biden, for example, has led every poll over Trump all year. He just needed to seem plausibly presidential — and not mess up — for this debate to be a non-event. Trump, meanwhile, needed the debate to alter the trajectory of his campaign and give him momentum for the first time all year.
Top moments from the first presidential debate
Heckling and interrupting Biden, Trump causes chaos in first presidential debate.
Former vice president Joe Biden, Democrat
Biden had to do two things in this debate. First, he had to project that he could do the most stressful, complicated, and important job in the world. Second, he had to make sure that this debate didn't change his significant lead over Trump.
On the first point, Biden wasn't able to instill confidence that he is up for the job. Some of this wasn't his fault: Trump kept interrupting Biden so much that he couldn't speak. But some of this was Biden's fault. While he didn't get rattled, the former vice president often struggled to find his own lines throughout the debate. He seemed tired and unsure what to do. He was not crisp.
But Biden and his supporters have to be happy. In the end, this hot mess of a debate is not likely to change a single poll. This is a win for Biden, and it is the only reason why he gets a significantly better grade than Trump.
President Donald Trump, Republican
Team Trump has to be so thankful the coronavirus has canceled the post-debate spin room. What were they supposed to say about his unpresidential performance?
Trump needed a game-changing debate to turn around his campaign that appears to be headed for defeat in a month. He didn't get that.
A lot will be made of Trump's constant — constant — interrupting. It might have been just his personality, but it appeared like a concerted effort with some thought behind it. Anyone reviewing the Democratic primary debates would see that Biden didn't like being interrupted, would regularly concede the floor to those who challenged him, and then whine about his own debate time being limited.
Trump may have tried to rattle Biden hoping he would make some bad gaffe that could change the campaign.
But he never rattled Biden.
Related: 'Stand back and stand by.' During debate, President Trump again refuses to condemn white supremacists
So all we are left with was Trump being a bully. Polling is clear on why this is bad. Trump is losing women, independents, and the suburbs because they are tired of his antics. Even his own supporters wish he would tone it down.
Trump needs those groups to come around to his side. He only gave them more reasons to pick something new.
Consider this: A sitting president of the United States in 2020 couldn't even condemn white supremacists when asked.
Join me for a virtual event, 'About That Presidential Debate: A Q+A For Globe Subscribers,' on Wednesday at 10 a.m. Hear Globe political reporters discuss the first presidential debate and what we can expect in future debates between Donald Trump and Joe Biden. Sign up at globe.com/debate.
Trump repeatedly interrupts Joe Biden during the debate
Trump interrupted Biden more than 10 times during a 3-minute debate over health care.
Trump avoids condemning white supremacy in presidential debate
James Pindell can be reached at james.pindell@globe.com. Follow him on Twitter @jamespindell.


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En mathématiques, et plus précisément en théorie des nombres, le crible de Selberg est une technique permettant d'estimer la taille des "ensembles criblés" d'entiers positifs qui satisfont à un ensemble de conditions qui sont exprimées par des congruences. Il a été développé par Atle Selberg dans les années 1940.

Description
En termes de théorie des cribles, le crible de Selberg est de type combinatoire : c'est-à-dire qu'il découle d'une utilisation subtile du principe d'inclusion-exclusion . Selberg a remplacé les valeurs de la fonction de Möbius en un système de poids qui sont ensuite optimisés pour s'adapter au problème donné. Le résultat donne une limite supérieure pour la taille de l'ensemble.

Soit A un ensemble d'entiers positifs ≤ x et P un ensemble de nombres premiers. Soit Ad l'ensemble des éléments de A divisible par d lorsque d est un produit de nombres premiers distincts de P. De plus, soit A1 désignant A lui-même. Soient z un nombre réel positif et P(z) représentant le produit des nombres premiers de P étant ≤ z. L'objet du crible est d'estimer

Nous supposons que |A d| peut être estimé par

où f est une fonction multiplicative et X = |A|. Soit la fonction g obtenue à partir de f par inversion de Möbius, c'est-à-dire

où μ est la fonction de Möbius . Soit

Alors

où [d1, d2] désigne le plus petit commun multiple de d1 et d2. Il est souvent utile d'estimer V(z) par

Applications

 Le  sur le nombre de nombres premiers dans une progression arithmétique ;
 Le nombre de n ≤ x tel que n est premier avec φ(n) est asymptotique à .

Références

Théorie des cribles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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South American Mission Society (SAMS)
Latin America people
Latin America stories
After 166 years of mission in South America and Iberia, the South American Mission Society (SAMS) united with Church Mission Society (CMS) in 2010.
For the technical details, see the legal information page.
The legacy of the work of SAMS includes a maturing and growing Anglican Church in South America and beyond, the Bible translated into indigenous languages, a history of transformative social projects, the beginnings of discipleship materials now used across the world and countless people encountering the living Jesus.
Today, this integrated Church Mission Society continues the work of SAMS as it walks alongside the Latin American church in mission. It responds to the needs of the church, in prayer and through the support of mission partners and local leaders.
As the context of global mission develops we are following God's call to develop mission within and from Latin America.
This includes mission in new geographical areas, within new contexts and with new partners. It is also enabling Latin American Christians to serve in mission both within the region and across the world, sharing the gifts of the Latin American church.
A brief history of SAMS
In 1844, Captain Allen Gardiner founded the Patagonian Missionary Society in Brighton. This followed his unsuccessful requests to several missionary societies to embrace the needs of the peoples of Patagonia. These included the Church Missionary Society, as we were then called – though it was funding not desire that was lacking.
Between 1845 and 1848 Gardiner undertook two expeditions to Patagonia and one to the Bolivian Chaco. All were unsuccessful. In 1850 Gardiner and his six companions set out on what was to be their final expedition, to Tierra del Fuego. Here they died, in Spaniards Harbour, the following year. The last entry in Gardiner's diary is from 5 September 1851. His body was found in January 1852.
"Hope Deferred, not Lost"
In 1856, the Rev George Pakenham Despard, general secretary of the Patagonian Missionary Society, led the next venture. His motto was "Hope deferred, not lost", and he set sail in the first of three ships owned by the society, all named after Gardiner.
Despite many setbacks, chaplaincies were started among British communities and in 1864, the Patagonian Missionary Society became the South American Missionary Society because of the expanding work. The next step was hoped to be a ministry beginning immediately among the indigenous peoples of the Chaco.
The South American Missionary Society's object was "to send out the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, by missionary agency, to the native tribes of South America, and to take advantage of any openings which may present themselves, for the advancement of His kingdom throughout that continent."
SAMS work among the indigenous communities
In 1887 SAMS began work with indigenous communities in the Paraguayan Chaco, with W Barbrooke Grubb being instrumental in this. 1894 saw a similar work begin with the Mapuches in Chile. William Case Morris – who became known as the "Dr Barnardo of South America" – began work with poor children in Buenos Aires.
The early 1900s saw the first baptisms and confirmations in Paraguay, and a new work began in the Argentinian Chaco among the Wichi in 1911.
Next was the Bolivian Chaco in 1925, 80 years after Allen Gardiner's original attempt, with the work led by Henry Grubb. Unfortunately this mission had to be abandoned in 1932 due to the Chaco War. But the success of the mission to the Wichi led to a mission to their neighbours, the Tobas in 1930.
The World War Two years were a difficult time but in 1948 AW Goodwin Hudson became SAMS general secretary. He had seen the work of SAMS in South America as a chaplain in Santiago. He breathed new life into the society, attracting many significant missionaries to the work.
By 1963 the number of SAMS missionaries had increased to 80 and income had tripled.
During this time, the Anglican Church in Latin America was divided into dioceses and SAMS missionaries began to serve within a diocesan family rather than directing the work. Amerindian pastors began to be ordained during the 1960s. Urban work also began in the cities, including the establishment of many schools.
In the 1970s SAMS began work in Brazil. In Argentina, Mario Marino became the continent's first Amerindian bishop. Through the next decades national bishops were consecrated. SAMS magazine changed its title from Sent to Share to reflect the growing partnership with the Latin churches.
The 1980s took work to Bolivia and Uruguay, as well as to Spain and Portugal. SAMS encouraged UK churches to link with teams and national ministries rather than individual missionaries.
By the 1990s "multi-way mission" became a central theme of SAMS, as Latin American missionaries were sent to neighbouring countries and to Europe. In 1995, after 131 years, the society became the South American Mission Society.
2000s – decade of change
The new millennium saw more landmark events in the history of SAMS.
In 2000 Bishop Hector (Tito) Zavala became the first Chilean to lead the Diocese of Chile. The following year representatives of the various branches of SAMS International visited Tierra del Fuego and the cave where Allen Gardiner died, commemorating 150 years since the event.
Also in 2001, work began in Ecuador, and 2002 saw the first complete translation of the Bible enabled by SAMS mission partners – into the Wichi language of northern Argentina.
In 2007, formal discussions got underway with Church Mission Society (CMS) about the possibility of integrating the two societies. In February 2010 a 'new' Church Mission Society was formed by amalgamating SAMS and CMS.
A bright future – together
The Latin American mission work grown and developed by SAMS continues to flourish in the new united society.
In the diocese of Northern Argentina, a new branch of the Mothers' Union, named AMARE and initiated by CMS mission partners, has energised the faith and action of more than 1,500 women from the Chaco. Then in 2016 three new indigenous bishops were conscrated in the diocese, two Wichi and one Toba. The same year saw the publication of the Bible in Southern Enxet for the first time – the culmination of a 25-year project overseen by mission partner Tim Curtis.
2017 saw mission partners begin work for the first time in Honduras and in Guatemala, as well as the recruitment by Church Mission Society of a mission development manager, with the brief of cultivating a locally-led mission movement within Latin America.
In 2018 Paul Tester, based in Peru, began this exciting work of developing Church Mission Society's future mission work in the region – together with, listening to and inspired by Latin American Christians.
CMS: the big pictureWhere we workPeople in MissionOur mission communityMeet the teamStoriesOur plan, vision and valuesOur historyMid-Africa Ministry (MAM)South American Mission Society (SAMS)Crowther Mission Studies LibraryChurch Mission Society ArchivesLegal informationContact us


At Rothamsted Research - North Wyke in south west England nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were monitored following spring ammonium nitrate fertiliser applications at 6 different rates; 0 (i.e. untreated control), 70, 140, 210, 280 and 350 kg N ha-1. Up to three separate fertiliser applications were made in order to reach the target application rate. There were 3 replicate plots (4 x 12 m) of each treatment arranged in a randomised block design. The plots were established on a winter wheat crop sown the previous autumn, on coarse sandy loam soil. This dataset contains daily rainfall (mm), daily maximum air temperature (degree Celsius) and daily minimum air temperature (degree Celsius) measured from either the closest meteorological station to the experimental site or from instruments located at the experimental site. ND = not determined. If the data file is downloaded/opened in excel, dates may appear as dd-mm-yy instead of the standard yy-mm-dd.


text:
Q: How to check how my process in linux centos gets killed? I am quite new to linux administration. My question is, is there any way to check log files or any files how my process gets TERM signal or get killed. Can we know who killed the running process as an admin? Might be because of another admin for some system updates?

A: You could use auditing to audit the systemcall for kill. Edit the file /etc/audit/audit.rules (EL6) (or /etc/audit/rules.d/audit.rules(EL7)) and add something like
-a entry,always -F arch=b64 -S kill -k catch_kill

restart auditd
service auditd restart

Note: you need to do the for EL7 to restart auditd too.
Now you can search the audit log for entries tagged catch_kills
ausearch -k catch_kills

and get an entry like this which will probably tell you what you want to know.

time->Sun Sep  4 19:05:54 2016
  type=OBJ_PID msg=audit(1473012354.105:6138): opid=3151 oauid=1000 ouid=0 oses=619 obj=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 ocomm="sleep"
  type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1473012354.105:6138): arch=c000003e syscall=62 success=yes exit=0 a0=c4f a1=f a2=0 a3=7ffd235ac0d0 items=0 ppid=3046 pid=3050 auid=1000 uid=0 gid=0 euid=0 suid=0 fsuid=0 egid=0 sgid=0 fsgid=0 tty=pts0 ses=619 comm="bash" exe="/usr/bin/bash" subj=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 key="catch_kills"

There is extensive documentation on the EL audit system on the Red Hat website

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home General news Free Event Gives High School Athletes Exposure to Scouts And Recruiters
Free Event Gives High School Athletes Exposure to Scouts And Recruiters
Parisi Speed School and NCSA Athletic Recruiting team up to record verified stats in platform trusted by coaches across the county.
With college tuition continuing to climb, opportunities for athletic scholarships are more sought after than ever. But submitting verified times and stats to college scouts, and getting noticed by recruiters, is growing increasingly competitive. That's why NXT GEN Fitness & Performance Training in Port Washington is teaming up with NCSA Athletic Recruiting to offer Proving Ground on April 9, from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
This free event, powered by Parisi Speed School and NCSA Athletic Recruiting, enables high school athletes, typically sophomores and up, to participate in drills and build an NCSA recruiting profile online as well as help families navigate the recruiting process.
"The Proving Ground platform is one of the few college recruiting sites coaches use," John Cirilo, director of NXT GEN Fitness & Performing Training, said. "The goal is to give athletes who want to play at the college level as much exposure as possible."
The event offers would-be college athletes a local alternative to attending sports camps where they might be seen by collegiate coaches.
Drills include jumping, sprinting, multidirectional movement and endurance. The scores are then verified by Parisi Speed School coaches and posted on the NCSA Athletic Recruiting site. During the event, parents can attend a 30-minute seminar on college recruiting and athletic scholarships.
Athletes also receive feedback on how to improve performance, and learn about opportunities to train at Parisi Speed School, a nationwide franchise that has produced more than 150 National Football League athletes, as well as first-round draft picks in almost every major sport including Gold and Silver medalists. The Port Washington facility will host another free Proving Ground event in the coming months, giving athletes time to improve their physiological potential before they test again.
While the event is free, there is a fee to post the statistics NCSA's site. Pre-registration is required, and available at www.provinggroundcombine-nxtgen.eventbrite.com. Athletes and their families are encouraged to arrive 30 minutes before their registered start time, with their gym shoes and workout clothes – as well as the desire to "Bring It."
About Parisi Speed School:
Founded in 1992 by CEO Bill Parisi, our mission is to strive to be the industry leader in performance enhancement and continue to deliver a positive training experience that improves speed of movement and strength in character regardless of ability or economic status. Over the past 20+ years, Parisi Speed School has grown to over 90 locations in 33 states and has trained more than 650,000 individuals. For more information on joining a Parisi Speed School visit www.parisischool.com
About NCSA Athletic Recruiting:
Our mission at NCSA is empowering leaders through sports. We utilize our cutting edge technology, a network of solid relationships, and a passionate team of experts to help athleaders reach their full potential. We've helped more than 60,000 student-athletes reach the next level and receive more than $4 billion in scholarships, aid and grants. NCSA is all about educating student- athletes about the recruiting process. We host more than 2,000 recruiting seminars at camps, combines and high schools every year. And 90 percent of our student-athletes have committed to play college athletics in 25 different sports. For more information, please visit www.ncsasports.org
Previous articleThe White Shadow Made His Mark
Next articleBaxter House Public Hearing
Dane Clark April 7, 2016 at 6:27 pm
REGISTER HERE! https://provinggroundcombine-nxtgen.eventbrite.com


Hip Hop royalty Angela Simmons, Romeo Miller, Damon "Boogie" Dash, Kristinia DeBarge, TJ Mizell and Egypt Criss all return for a drama filled season where shocking truths are finally revealed, changing the lives of this tight-knit group of friends forever. André King, brother of Swizz Beatz and friend of Angela Simmons, and Briana Latrise, the troubled daughter of Mary J. Blige's now ex-husbandger, Kendu Issacs, join the crew this season, challenging the fragile dynamic of the group.
The premiere episode opens as the group prepares to come together at the event of the year… newcomer André King's birthday party! Romeo returns from filming overseas to the shocking news of Angela's engagement, creating a lot of chatter and a laundry list of unanswered questions. Kristinia hears the news and becomes nervous that rumors from last season may be haunting her and makes it her mission to clear the air with Angela. Meanwhile, Egypt is hard at work in the studio, on her own, for the first time; however, when mom pops in to check up on her, its clear Pepa is still struggling with letting go. This season, the title of the show has never rung more true, as unforeseen circumstances propel this new generation into adulthood. As the crew continues to try to hustle and pave their own way, friendships, iconic families, loyalties, and the world of hip hop will may never be the same.


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Some Lakewood High School seniors skip prom after classmate killed in crash days before dance
By: Marisela Burgos
PINELLAS COUNTY, Fla. — Prom took a different tone for the Lakewood High School senior class.
ABC Action News learned some students decided to skip prom, Friday night after their classmate died in a tragic crash earlier this week. They said attending prom without him was too difficult.
St. Petersburg Police Detectives said Bryson Welton-Williams, 18, died in the crash. Detectives said he was driving the car. They have not released information about what caused the crash. There were two passengers in the car. Joshua Heath, 18, and Ramcharan Lattimore, 18, survived the car crash. They are both seniors.
Lakewood High School student dead, 2 students injured after accident in St. Pete
Community mourns the death of teen killed in crash 3 weeks before Lakewood High School graduation
Students honor high school senior killed in crash outside school in St. Pete
The car crashed into a tree outside Lakewood High School, Tuesday. Detectives said for some reason, Welton-Williams lost control of the vehicle.
"The whole vibe of school sort of changed just like that," Patrick Inglesby, 18, said.
Detectives said Lattimore was the only person in the car wearing a seatbelt.
"It's hard not to be affected even if you didn't know the people personally. It's hard not to empathize with how other people are affected by it because it really did affect the entire school whether we knew them or not," Inglesby said.
There will be a candlelight vigil Sunday, April 29, honoring Bryson Welton-Williams. It will be held at Lakewood High School. It starts at 7:30 p.m.
Don't Lose Your TV Signal if You Use an Antenna. Click Here for Details.


The law states that in most cases you require a license wherever Alcohol is sold or entertainment provided, in most cases you don't need a license if the drink is free of charge and the entertainment part of a private party, however it's best to check with your local governing body if you are in a any doubt. If we're running your bar for you we will apply for a TENs licence for the day that will cover the drink and entertainment. We may charge a small amount for the license so please ask us for details.
What time will you serve until?
This will depend on the location of the venue, neighbours, access etc. In most cases though, Midnight is normally acceptable. Later extensions can be obtained, but are often difficult to get.
If we're running the bar or supplying drink or corkage we will bring the glasses. In most cases we're unable to supply sufficient glasses for an entire event without washing on-site, so a washing area, power and water will be required.
Do you use glass or plastic 'glasses'?
Unless stipulated we will supply glass 'glasses'. We can provide plastic if required (a normal requirement for horse paddocks) please ask for prices. For large events and where partying might be 'enthusiastic' we often recommend switching to plastic after 7pm.
Can I hire the Bar unit on its own?
Please drop us a line for bar hire details and current pricing including; bar units, glasses, ice buckets, tongs, measures, pumps, optics etc.
Can I hire your services to run a free bar or where I provide the drink?
Yes we do offer a full 'free' bar service and can supply staff, bars, glasses, cleaning etc. Please ask us for a quote.
Can I hire glasses from you?
Yes, we have a wide range of glasses for hire and will be pleased to quote.
Can I bring my own table wine or toast drinks?
You may find our corkage option easier but we're happy for you to supply your own wine for the tables if you prefer. If we are providing a licensed bar though, either free or paid, we would need to agree the amount of wine that will be provided in advance. This ensures that we can control the amount of alcohol being consumed for legal reasons and also protect our bar service from unexpected overheads and losses.
1) We cannot guarantee that there will be space in the catering area to store your wine on site either before or during the event, therefore you may need somewhere to put the drink before it's put on the tables.
2) We cannot guarantee the security of your drink either before or during the event and cannot accept responsibility for it under any circumstances. There will probably not be any security outside of the event and wine is desirable!
3) Some drinks are served better chilled. You may need to consider refrigeration or delivering the drink already chilled. Unfortunately we only bring refrigeration to a site if required, so are unlikely to have either spare fridge room or space/power for a fridge unless previously agreed. Please note that in many cases there will not be easy vehicle access so you may need to consider bringing a barrow along to cut down on your journeys.
5) You will need glasses for wine, flutes for champagne etc. We can hire these to you, subject to availability, however if you supply your own you will need to consider storage and delivery as mentioned in 1, 2 & 3 above. You will also need to make provision for collection of the glasses and correct disposal of breakages (4).
6) We cannot guarantee to be on site to sign for your own drinks or glasses, unless previously agreed, so please make sure that there is someone present to receive/dispatch them.
7) Glasses are normally hired clean and returned dirty (with a washing fee), but hire from supermarkets often means that glasses need to go back clean. Please be aware that we cannot guarantee washing facilities, hot or cold water or the space for washing, unless previously arranged.
8) The glasses for table wine will normally need to be placed on the tables a few hours before the event as tables may not be set before and the glasses will cloud if left overnight in a marquee. If your caterer hasn't agreed to put the glasses out you will need to make sure that you find someone to do it for you. The glasses will most probably need polishing (even new glasses are dull when they come out of a transport box).
9) As with the drink in 4 above, the glasses and waste need to be collected before midday following the event or earlier if a follow on event is planned, please note that due to residue smells and danger to wildlife all dregs and broken glass should be removed from the venue and gardens.
10) It is normal for caterers to leave before table wine glasses are finished with, and it therefore falls to the bar staff to clear wine glasses from the tables and other glass wear from outside drinks receptions etc. If you're providing your own glasses the bar will not have staff for clearing so you will need to allocate a person/persons to clear the tables during the event and box/wash the glasses afterwards.
11) If you're providing a reception drink you will also need to consider if you need tables, tablecloths, serving staff, trays, ice buckets, tongs, measures, ice etc.
Whilst the idea of bringing your own drink might sound appealing it's not an ideal situation in many cases. It's worth checking out our corkage options or supply prices as easier alternatives.
1) Chilling and refrigeration of drink as necessary on the morning of the event (facilities, refrigeration etc. will not necessarily be available before).
2) Placing the drink as required.
3) Glasses (including delivery and collection).
4) Placing and polishing glasses.
7) Waste and breakage removal.
8) Please ask for corkage prices and availability.
Do you serve pump or bottled beers?
We can do either or a mixture of both, it really depends on your preference and numbers. If we bring cask or barrel beers we need to be fairly certain that we're going to sell the beer, as you can see from our prices we don't charge a fortune and therefore obviously need to be sure we don't run at a loss at the event. If you have reasonable guest numbers and believe that pumps would be an advantage we would probably bring barreled lager/ale, however for lower numbers we would probably recommend a bottled bar so we can ensure there's a choice of beers. If you would like pumps, but have lower numbers, we will happily bring them, however we charge a deposit of £88 for the first barrels of ale or larger, which is refunded at £1.00 for each pint sold.
What spirits do you offer?
We bring a wide selection of spirits including all of the popular makes you would expect to find at a bar such as Gin, Vodka, Whisky, Brandy, Tequila, Jägermeister, Malibu, Amaretto etc. etc. and only use recognised brands such as Smirnoff, Gordons, Baileys etc. We try to bring what we believe will be popular so we will always ask you for preferences before the event. Sometimes we switch between suppliers and may for instance bring Absolut Vodka rather than Smirnoff, but we will always try to meet requests where possible. Our stock for average size bars includes up to 15 Gins, 11 Whiskeys & Brandies, 5 Rums and 6 Vodkas!
Do you take the waste away?
Of course; if we bring it, we take it back.
We like to set up in plenty of time, so at least 4 hours before the event, and often longer if we're bringing in the bar unit as well. Some ales will need to sit for more than 8 hours before serving so we may need earlier access in some occasions.
When will you clear away?
We will normally clear and take away immediately after the event, however bar units may be collected at an agreed time/date.
How many staff do you put on a bar?
That all depends on how many guests there will be. We like to avoid queues at the bar, but we can't afford to over-staff (not at our cheap prices anyway!), so we will gauge the staffing against requirements. A typical bar for 120 guests would be 3 to 4 staff switching between bar service and clearing.
Can you supply drinking water?
Under regulations a serviced bar must provide drinking water free of charge where able. If we're in a hall or venue with water on tap we are more than happy to comply with the requirements, however if piped drinking water isn't available we will need to collect container water for washing and cleaning. Container water carries a taste with it that whilst being fit for drinking has an unpleasant taste, we therefore sell bottled water over the bar as an alternative.
We can offer table water in jugs with ice or water on arrival, please ask for a price.
Can my guests bring their own drink?
Unfortunately not; if we're operating under our licensing and are licensing the premises under an issued TEN we have a duty of care to control the alcohol supplied. If your guests bring their own drink we're unable to stop them from drinking past a point at which they're becoming a nuisance to others or a danger to themselves, and this breaks the terms of our license.
We cannot accept unregulated drinking within the licensed premises and we will not usually be involved with an event that allows unregulated drinking outside of the licensed premises (i.e. in the garden or associated paddock). If you intend to include self-provided alcohol please ask us beforehand so that we can make an educated decision as to whether to provide our services or not.


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Workers headed to a Naknek cannery forced to quarantine in L.A. hotel without pay, lawsuit says
Isabelle Ross, KDLG - Dillingham
A tender in Naknek on July 10, 2019. (Sage Smiley/KDLG)
A Seattle-based seafood processor is being sued for false imprisonment and failing to pay workers traveling to a Bristol Bay cannery.
The class-action lawsuit was filed against Northern Pacific Seafoods and the Intercontinental Hotels Group in San Francisco Superior Court on Friday.
The complaint, first reported by the Los Angeles Times, claims the processor forced more than 100 of its workers to quarantine in a Los Angeles hotel without pay — or lose their jobs.
The workers, many from Mexico and southern California, were on their way to Bristol Bay to work at the Red Salmon Cannery in Naknek. But first, they were told to go to the Crown Plaza LAX hotel in Los Angeles to be tested for COVID-19 and quarantine for four days, the complaint says.
That's when things got complicated.
"They told us they had gone there to be processed for employment and were being tested for COVID," said Jonathan Davis, one of the attorneys who filed the suit on behalf of one of the workers and "all similarly situated individuals."
Once the workers got to the hotel, he said, they were told to wait in a crowded hallway and fill out paperwork using shared pens, which allegedly put them into close contact with each other for several hours.
"They were in very cramped quarters," Davis said. "They were very distressed because they were in these close quarters using the same pens. They didn't feel like proper protocols were being followed."
The workers then went to individual rooms, where nurses administered coronavirus tests.
RELATED: Dillingham reports 12 cases of COVID-19 among seafood workers
According to the complaint, four days later — the day they were supposed to travel to Naknek — the test results for three of the workers came back positive. All 150 of the workers were told they had to quarantine for an additional 11 days, until June 25.
"Without pay and without the right to leave your room at any time," Davis said. "The key cards that they were given to access the rooms, our understanding is, they were deactivated. Because if you leave your room, you can't get back in."
Davis said the workers were told if they left their rooms they would be fired immediately.
"We know that some workers were fired, 'cause they left the rooms, and we know some workers have left, because they have been very distressed and very upset by this whole situation," he said.
Davis said he doesn't know how many workers left or how many were fired. He said the company should have followed the Los Angeles and CDC guidelines, and that requiring people to stay put without pay violates California's wage and hour laws.
During peak salmon season, Red Salmon Cannery employs about 500 workers, according to the complaint.
SEE ALSO: Without a mask mandate, Anchorage businesses wade into culture clash
Leauri Moore, with the cannery operator North Pacific Seafoods, said in an email that the workers have since flown in a charter to Naknek, which was provided by the company.
She said North Pacific has been focused on the health and safety of its team and the communities where they work, and that it's following the Alaska state requirement that seafood workers quarantine for 14 days and test negative for COVID-19.
"We took extensive steps to provide comfortable accommodations where those individuals could remain while they were quarantined," she said.
Moore said they provided the workers with meals and lodging, allowing them to self-isolate throughout quarantine. She added that each person was tested and retested during quarantine, and that some who did not want to remain in quarantine left the hotel.
A spokesman for the hotel group told the L.A. Times that the company does not comment on pending litigation. But, he said, wanted to stress that the hotel did not prevent any guests from leaving, and it provided safe and comfortable accommodations.
Davis, the attorney, said that since North Pacific decided to operate during a pandemic, it needs to follow through responsibly.
"You can't say, 'I'm gonna run this company, but I'm gonna do it on the backs of folks who are gonna have to sit in a room for two weeks, and they can't leave or they're gonna be fired, and we're not going to pay them for that period of time,'" he said. "And certainly if you don't let people know that's what you're intending to do."
The lawsuit is asking for North Pacific to pay the workers for their time in quarantine. Davis said the fact that the workers have been moved to Naknek doesn't change anything about the lawsuit — only how much the company would have to pay in compensatory damages.
Contact the author at isabelle@kdlg.org or 907-842-2200.
Previous article15,000-gallon heating oil spill reported in Kobuk River village of Shungnak
Next articleFace coverings now required to enter federal courthouses in Alaska


Downview Farm, near Bournemouth, Dorset, sleeps 12-16 in 6 bedrooms.
Downview Farm is set in the beautiful Dorset Downs, yet is just a short 35 minutes drive to the coastal towns of Poole, Bournemouth and Weymouth.
- Large outdoor hot tub, grotto with fairy lights.
- Large decking areas and lawns for outdoor entertaining, front and back.
Perfect for Family Get together ,Special Birthdays and anniversarys, girly weekends away and Hen Parties. Spa packages available for top to toe pampering! One free treatment per party, with min of Ten bookings. Also, Salsa dancing, pilates, boot camp weight loss weekends, psychic sessions, clairvoyants and healers even a personal butler with a difference! The list is endless.
For the boys why not book an action packed weekend with our local outdoor pursuits venue, quad biking, paint-balling and clay pigeon shooting to name but a few. Why not hire our chefs to cook you the perfect dinner in the evening and treat your ladies!
Downview Farm has so much to offer, any occasion will be unforgettable spent in this beautiful location.
The local area boasts a wealth of activities; sailing, wind-surfing, fishing, water skiing to name but a few. The local area has an abundance of entertainment for all ages, fantastic walking, fishing, golf. An outdoor pursuits centre is 10 minutes away.
There is also horse riding, tennis, cycle paths and a professional mountain bike park 10 minutes away, plus fantastic family pubs and restaurants. You can relax and let the family enjoy their holiday, they will be spoilt for choice.
Large kitchen, dining table seating 10. Two fridges, large freezer, oven, grill hob, microwave, toaster, etc. WC, washing machine, tumble drier.
Beautiful room seating up to 16, the perfect room for that formal dinner party with patio doors opening on to rear gardens.
Boutique style lounge overlooking the indoor pool. Relax and watch the fun. Walk through to the conservatory/games room overlooking pool and gardens.
Flat screen TV, DVD, Hi-Fi .. Wi-Fi and internet access.
Guests are required to bring their own mobile phone. Internet access Wi-Fi .
We have a pool/snooker table and board games in the conservatory overlooking the pool and gardens.
Oil fired central heating to keep you all cosy plus a beautiful open fire . Large basket of logs freon arr.Ex Logs £20 per load . Coal £8.00 per bag.
6 rooms... 1 twin, 1 small 4ft double, 1 SuperKing-size + single bed, 1 King size + single bed and 1 double + single. 1 ground floor double + single.
All our beds have been chosen for comfort, with crisp luxurious Egyptian cotton linen. Please note ... we do not provide pool or bath towels .
One downstairs shower and WC in pool complex. One downstairs loo, 2 en-suite and 1 large family bathroom with double bath and separate shower.
Ramps available for steps, bathrooms not suitable for wheelchair users. Please see our other property Houghton Lodge.
Children most welcome Cots high chairs and baby gates available.
Downview Farm is perfect for summer entertaining, in the gardens and by the pool side, on the extensive decking. Outdoor seating and barbecue.
The heated indoor pool complex is maintained at a comfortably warm temperature year round, making swimming a total pleasure even for sissies!
Parking for up to 6 cars. Extra cars by arrangement.
Smoking is not permitted inside Downview Farm, ashtrays and seating are provided outside.
We allow well behaved dogs to join our guests on their holiday. A small charge of £50 per week/ weekend will be charged on arrival.
The market town of Blandford forum is just a short drive away, with 4 supermarkets, market, individual shops, good restaurants,takeaways and pubs.
The Crown at Winterborne Stickland has excellent food and weekly entertainment - this pub is the hub of village life.
Changeover day Fridays. Flexible low season.
Deposit on booking 25%, full amount due 8 weeks before stay.
Booking forms print from owners website.
Damage deposit £300 cash on arrival (fully refundable).
Late deals always available please ask.


text:
Kallepalli Rega is a village in Lakkavarapukota mandal in Vizianagaram district.

Kallepalli Rega Village houses a divine temple of Goddess Gayatri, worshipped as Panchamukha Gayatri. This temple is  from Musiram village, on the route from Visakhapatnam or Vijayanagaram to Devarapalli via Kottavalasa. It is located in a serene natural habitat of the lush green environment. Gayatri is the embodiment of Gayatri Upasana as per the vedas. The Gayatri statue in the temple is marvellous and represents Panchamukha (five heads). The Goddess is worshipped as per the traditional vedic upasanas. Gayatri is particularly a metered chant of Gayatri Mantra (Om Bhur Bhuva svah, Tat savitur varenyam, Bhargo devasya deemahi, dhi yo yona prachodayat).

Veda Maatha Gayathri Devi Temple
The Gayathri temple is located in the village of Kallepalli Rega in the Vijayanagarm district, in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The village Kallepalli Rega is in Lakkavarapu Kota mandal (Taluk) of Vijayanagaram district

Panchamukha Anjaneya Swami temple

External links
Lakkavarapukota

Villages in Vizianagaram district


Avtohlamu - 2012 holiday gift ideas oh she glows. I know some of you reading weren't born before 1992, but for the rest of us ahhh, indeed! that means, home alone 1 was created 22 years ago ummm stop that stop it right now eric and i were innocently watching our beloved home alone 2 last night when some kid came on and ruined the whole. Easy holiday gift: vegan chocolate macaroon truffles oh. I always love your gift ideas i made your pumpkin butter once for a friend and it was a huge hit : reply was looking for something to bake for holiday gifts this week going to add a small hit of garam masala for a twist oh she glows december 24, 2012 at 9:56 am makes 17 19 large truffles enjoy! reply rachel october 31,. Edamame hummus oh she glows. By angela oh she glows on december 12, 2012 i don't say this often, but i occasionally reach my tolerable upper limit for sweets after working on the dessert chapter for my book while simultaneously creating holiday cookie recipes for the blog, these words have come out of my mouth more than a few times lately 2012 holiday gift ideas. 29 holiday gift ideas to make your first christmas. 29 holiday gift ideas to make your first christmas together oh so special by we've rounded up 29 of our favorite holiday gift ideas, perfect to exchange during your first holiday season. 29 holiday gift ideas to make your first christmas. 29 holiday gift ideas to make your first christmas together oh so special december 11, 2018 kim kardashian says she'll 'never try to change' kanye west after his pro trump speech at snl. 30 cool gift ideas for tween girls 9 12, all tween girl. 30 cool gift ideas for tween girls 9 12, approved by actual tween girls click for more details and to see our entire list of 2018 holiday gift guide categories oh, and did we mention it glows in the dark? $20, uncommon goods faux fur cat beanbag or check out the fox, bunny and owl $ on sale, pb teen. Angela liddon ohsheglows on pinterest. Angela liddon get your glow on with these healthy, energizing recipes! i'm the writer, photographer, and vegan recipe developer for my blog, oh she. Oh she glows. Oh she glows mon, 01 apr 2019 22:55:00 recipes holiday gift how to my goal for this challenge was not only to create delicious and unique 2012 23:59:00 gmt vegan recipes �EUR" oh she glows the oh she glows cookbook over 1 vegan recipes to glow from the inside out download book. 6 holiday gift ideas for eczema warriors national eczema. It's the time of year when people go into full on gift giving mode for better or for worse, let the shopping begin! frankly, it doesn't matter to us if you've been naughty or nice let nea take the stress out of your holiday season with gift ideas that will be surely be a hit with that special eczema warrior in your life. 11 best vegan thanksgiving recipes sides, salads, and. If you have a vegan coming to your thanksgiving dinner or you are one yourself , ditch the tofurkey and try one of these healthy vegan thanksgiving recipes instead.


text:
\section{Quantum Monte Carlo calculations}

The quantum Monte Carlo calculations were performed using the
\textsc{casino} code \cite{CASINO_review}.
The cost of a DMC calculation scales approximately as the cube of the
number of particles $N$ for fermionic systems, which allows
applications to large systems.
The central approximation in a DMC calculation is the ``fixed-node
constraint'' \cite{Anderson_fixed_node_1976}.
The nodal surface is the ($3N-1$)-dimensional surface on which the
wave function is zero and across which it changes sign.
A trial wave function is optimized using the variational quantum
Monte Carlo (VMC) method, and the nodal surface of the DMC wave
function is constrained to equal that of the trial wave function.
An importance-sampling transformation is employed in DMC which ensures
that the important parts of the wave function are sampled most often,
and reduces the fluctuations in the energy.
In DMC the imaginary-time Schr\"odinger equation is used to evolve an
ensemble of electronic configurations towards the ground state
distribution.
VMC and DMC are variational techniques in the sense that they give an
energy that is higher than or equal to the exact energy, subject to a
small statistical error that can be systematically reduced by running
the simulations for longer.
The variational property of VMC and DMC aids cancellation of errors in
energy differences.

We used a trial wave function of Slater-Jastrow form
\begin{equation}
  \label{eq:slater-jastrow}
  \Psi_{\rm SJ}({\bf R}) \! =
    \exp[J({\bf R})]
    \det\left[ \psi_n({\bf r}_i^{\uparrow})\right]
    \det\left[ \psi_n({\bf r}_j^{\downarrow})\right] \;,
\end{equation}
where ${\bf R}$ denotes the positions of all of the electrons, ${\bf
  r}_i^{\uparrow}$ is the position of the $i$th spin-up electron,
${\bf r}_j^{\downarrow}$ is the position of the $j$th spin-down
electron, $\exp[J({\bf R})]$ is a Jastrow correlation factor
\cite{ndd_jastrow, General_Jastrow_2012}, and $\det{\left[ \psi_n({\bf
      r}_i^{\uparrow}) \right]}$ and $\det{\left[ \psi_n({\bf
      r}_i^{\downarrow}) \right]}$ are determinants of up- and
down-spin single-particle orbitals.
The DMC calculations were performed using the T-moves scheme which
ensures that the energy remains greater than the ground-state energy
when pseudopotentials are used \cite{Casula_T-moves_2006,
Casula_T-moves_2010, Drummond_2016}.

Single-particle orbitals for the TiO$_2$ structures were calculated
using the \textsc{castep} plane-wave DFT code
\cite{Clark_CASTEP_2005}, the PBEsol functional \cite{PBEsol_2008} and
a large basis-set energy cutoff of 160 Ry ($\simeq$ 2177 eV), which
provided DFT energy differences between structures converged to within
0.0036 eV/[TiO$_2$] of the large basis set limit.
The orbitals were transformed into a ``blip'' polynomial basis for
efficient evaluation in the calculations \cite{Alfe_blips_2004}.
We used Jastrow factors consisting of an electron-nucleus term
represented by a polynomial of order 8, an electron-electron term
represented by a polynomial of order 8, and a cosine expansion with 4
inequivalent parameters per spin-pair type, giving a total of 43
optimizable parameters.
The wave-function parameters were optimized using VMC, with the
variance of the energy minimized first \cite{ndd_newopt}, followed by
minimization of the variational energy \cite{umrigar_emin,
Umrigar_energy_optimization_2007}.

We used correlated-electron pseudopotentials (CEPPs) for O
\cite{CEPPS_sp_O} and Ti \cite{CEPPS_3d_Ti} generated from \textit{ab
initio} multi-configurational Hartree-Fock (MCHF) atomic calculations
\cite{Fischer_1,Fischer_2}.
The CEPPs give significantly more accurate results than Hartree-Fock
pseudopotentials \cite{Trail_smooth_relativistic_2005,
HF_pseudo_comparison_2014}.
CEPPs contain two-body operators that describe core polarization
\cite{CPP_Lee-Needs_2003} and their high accuracy has been verified in
tests using coupled cluster calculations including single, double, and
perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)]
\cite{CCSD(T)_Raghavachari_1989} with the \textsc{molpro} code
\cite{Werner_MOLPRO}.
The O CEPP has a He core and the $d$ channel was chosen as local.
A projector was generated from the ground state orbitals for both the
$s$ and $p$ channels.
The Ti pseudopotential has a Ne core and the $f$ channel was chosen as
local.
The semi-core nature of the Ti CEPP was captured using five
projectors.
We use the highest angular momentum channel available as the local
potential, which helps to reduce the errors associated with using
pseudopotentials in DMC \cite{Drummond_2016}.

The thermodynamic limit was approached in our calculations by using
large simulation cells containing 768 electrons (32 formula units)
subject to periodic boundary conditions.
We used experimental cell parameters and atomic positions at 300~K
from Refs.\ \onlinecite{Rutile_Swope_1995} (rutile),
\onlinecite{Anatase_Howard_1991} (anatase),
\onlinecite{Brookite_Meagher_1979} (brookite), and
\onlinecite{Columbite_Chen_2002} (columbite).
Cell dimensions, and the number of formula units contained within each
of them, are given in Table \ref{tab:geom}.
We chose simulation cells that maximize the distance between periodic
images \cite{Drummond_hydrogen_2015}, which mitigates finite-size
errors \cite{Drummond_finite_size_effects_2008,
Kent_finite_size_effects_1999}.

\begin{table*}[htb!]
\begin{tabular}{ldddcdd}
  \hline \hline \\[-0.33cm]
    & \multicolumn{3}{c}{Unit-cell lattice constants (\AA)}
    & formula
    & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$F(300~{\rm K})$ (eV/[TiO$_2$])} \\
  Polymorph
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$a$}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$b$}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$c$}
    & units
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\text{DMC}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\text{DFT}} \\
  \hline \\[-0.33cm]
  Rutile \cite{Rutile_Swope_1995}
    & 4.5922 & 4.5922 & 2.9574 & 2 & -2476.228(8) & -2470.2631 \\
  Anatase \cite{Anatase_Howard_1991}
    & 3.7845 & 3.7845 & 9.5143 & 4 & -2476.246(6) & -2470.3091 \\
  Brookite \cite{Brookite_Meagher_1979}
    & 9.174  & 5.449  & 5.138  & 8 & -2476.24(1)  & -2470.2826 \\
  Columbite \cite{Columbite_Chen_2002}
    & 4.61   & 5.43   & 4.87   & 4 & -2476.15(1)  & -2470.2254 \\
  \hline \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{
  \label{tab:geom}
  %
  Experimental orthorhombic unit cells used for the four TiO$_2$
  polymorphs.
  %
  The Helmholtz free energies at 300~K, $F(300~{\rm K})$, estimated as
  the sum of electronic energy and the anharmonic vibrational free
  energy at 300~K are also shown.
  %
  The anharmonic vibrational free energy is calculated using the PBEsol
  functional and VSCF equations, whereas the electronic energy is
  evaluated with both DMC and DFT using the PBEsol functional.
}
\end{table*}

DMC calculations were performed for each structure at a single
wavevector which was chosen from the wavevectors that yield a
real-valued wave function so as to minimize the difference between
the DFT energy at the single wavevector and the converged DFT energy.
We used the finite-size correction scheme of Kwee \textit{et al.\@}
\cite{Kwee_KZK_2008} in which an alternative local density
approximation (LDA) functional (the ``KZK'' functional, constructed
from DMC data for homogeneous electron gases) provides reference DFT
energies that include finite-size effects, which can then be used to
construct a finite-size correction for the DMC energies.

Our main results were obtained using a DMC time step $\tau$ of
0.004 a.u.\@ and a target population of 10,240 configurations.
While explicit time-step extrapolation is common practice
\cite{Lee_DMC_strategy_2011}, test DMC calculations with time steps of
$\tau = 0.001$, $0.0025$ and 0.004 a.u.\@ using simulation
cells containing 192 electrons (8 formula units) showed that
time-step errors in energy differences were negligible at $\tau =
0.004$ a.u., validating the use of a single time step.
More details of the finite-size corrections and extrapolations are
provided in the Supplemental Material \cite{Supplemental}.

Figure \ref{fig:static_lattice_energies} shows the energies of the
four polymorphs obtained in DMC and for DFT calculations using the
same set of functionals used to assess the accuracy of the DMC
finite-size corrections \cite{lda_1981, pbe_1996, PBEsol_2008,
pw91_1992, rpbe_1998, wc_2006}.
Energies are given relative to that of anatase for each method.
Calculations with ``on-the-fly'' \textsc{castep} DFT pseudopotentials
\cite{Clark_CASTEP_2005} produced similar results to those shown in
Fig.\ \ref{fig:static_lattice_energies}.

\begin{figure}[htb!]
  \includegraphics[scale=0.33]{figures/static_lattice_energies}
  \caption{
    \label{fig:static_lattice_energies}
    %
    Static-lattice energies relative to that of anatase from DMC and
    DFT calculations using the experimental lattice constants.
    %
    The statistical errors in the DMC results are represented by
    translucent rectangles.
  }
\end{figure}

Given the relatively large variation of structural energies with the
choice of functional and the estimated errors for DMC results, these
data show that the DFT level of theory provides an inadequate
description of the relative energies of the four structures.
The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) functionals were found
to provide the same energetic ordering of the phases as DMC, but most,
with the notable exception of the PBEsol and WC functionals,
tend to overestimate the energy differences, while the LDA functional
significantly underestimates the static-lattice energy of columbite.
The relative DFT energies are expected to show significant
self-interaction errors which give rise to unphysical delocalization
of the $3d$ electrons.

The inclusion of nuclear vibrational motion provides significant
corrections to the static-lattice energies of TiO$_2$ polymorphs.
We have performed vibrational calculations for the four polymorphs at
the anharmonic vibrational level using a vibrational
self-consistent-field (VSCF) method \cite{Monserrat_anharmonic_2013}
and the PBEsol density functional.
The vibrational calculations were performed using the efficient
``nondiagonal supercells'' method
\cite{Lloyd-Williams_nondiagonal_supercells_2015} which allows us
to fully converge the results with respect to system size.

The inclusion of anharmonic contributions in our lattice dynamics
calculations is motivated by the presence of unstable vibrational
modes in rutile TiO$_2$ when described within the harmonic
approximation \cite{Mitev_soft_modes_2010, Lan_soft_modes_2015,
Wehinger_soft_modes_TiO2_2016}.
Using the experimental volume, we find unstable modes within various
regions of the vibrational Brillouin zone (BZ), mostly around the
$\Gamma$ point and the
$\left(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{4}\right)$ point.
The presence of unstable modes is independent of the density
functional used to perform the calculations (see Supplemental
Material \cite{Supplemental}).
Instead of directly including anharmonic effects, first-principles DFT
calculations for TiO$_2$ have mostly been performed using structures
that are relaxed to volumes which are smaller than the experimental
volume, an approach that tends to remove the dynamical instabilities
but leads to a substantial bias in the energy differences between
structures.

Figure \ref{fig:rutile_anharmonicity} shows a slice through the
Born-Oppenheimer (BO) energy surface of rutile TiO$_2$.
The atomic configurations at which we have evaluated the BO energies are
along a line spanned by one of the two soft modes at the $\Gamma$ point.
Our VSCF calculations show that the inclusion of anharmonicity leads to
dynamical stability throughout the BZ, arising primarily from quartic
terms in the BO potential.
Figure \ref{fig:rutile_anharmonicity} illustrates the quartic
anharmonicity of the BO energy surface and the resulting vibrational
density.
The explicit inclusion of anharmonicity plays a significant role in
the energetics of rutile TiO$_2$, with the anharmonic free energy
differing from harmonic estimates of the free energy by up to 0.035
eV/[TiO$_2$] (see Supplemental Material \cite{Supplemental}).

\begin{figure}[htb!]
  \includegraphics[scale=0.33]{figures/rutile_anharmonicity}
  \caption{
    \label{fig:rutile_anharmonicity}
    %
    A slice through the Born-Oppenheimer energy surface at the
    $\Gamma$ point of the Brillouin Zone.
    %
    The red shaded area shows the vibrational density for a mode that
    is unstable at the harmonic level but is stabilized by
    anharmonicity.
    %
    The horizontal red line shows the energy of the mode.
    %
    The normal coordinate is measured in units of
    $1/\sqrt{2|\omega|}$, where $\omega$ is the imaginary harmonic
    frequency of the mode.
  }
\end{figure}

We take the Helmholtz free energy to be the sum of the static-lattice
electronic energy and the anharmonic vibrational free energy at 300~K,
which is a valid approximation due to the large band gap of TiO$_2$
polymorphs relative to the thermal energy.
Figure \ref{fig:free_energy_300K} shows the total static-lattice
energies and the Helmholtz free energies at $300$~K using electronic
energies evaluated with DMC and DFT using the PBEsol functional.
The DMC Helmholtz free energies of anatase, brookite, and rutile are
indistinguishable within our target accuracy of 0.01 eV/[TiO$_2$].
Our final DFT and DMC Helmholtz free energies at $300$~K including the
effects of anharmonic vibrations are summarized in Table
\ref{tab:geom}.

\begin{figure}[htb!]
  \includegraphics[scale=0.33]{figures/free_energy_300K}
  \caption{
    \label{fig:free_energy_300K}
    %
    Left: static-lattice energies relative to that of anatase from DMC
    and DFT-PBEsol calculations, and right: Helmholtz free energies at
    300~K evaluated by adding DFT-based vibrational corrections to the
    DMC and DFT-PBEsol energies.
    %
    The statistical error in the DMC results is represented by
    translucent rectangles.
    %
    The DFT data were generated using a ${\bf k}$-point grid spacing
    of 0.060 \AA$^{-1}$ with an error estimated to be less than
    0.004 eV/[TiO$_2$].
  }
\end{figure}

We also evaluate the Helmholtz free energy at a range of temperatures,
using the $300$~K experimental unit cells.
The resulting Helmholtz free energies, relative to anatase, are shown
in Fig.\ \ref{fig:free_energy_vs_T}, suggesting a phase transition
from anatase to rutile at $630\pm210$~K.
We estimate the error incurred by neglecting thermal expansion
in our calculations to be less than $0.003$ eV/[TiO$_2$] over the
temperature range $300$--$575$~K by comparing the PBEsol harmonic free
energies of anatase and rutile TiO$_2$ at the fixed-volume geometries
with those at the variable-volume experimental unit cell geometries
provided by Hummer {\it et al.\@} \cite{Hummer_2007}.

\begin{figure}[htb!]
  \includegraphics[scale=0.33]{figures/free_energy_vs_T}
  \caption{
    \label{fig:free_energy_vs_T}
    %
    Helmholtz free energies relative to that of anatase as a function
    of temperature.
    %
    These are estimated as the sum of the DMC electronic energy and
    the DFT anharmonic vibrational free energy at each temperature.
    %
    Both the electronic energies and the anharmonic vibrational
    free energies are evaluated for 300~K experimental unit cells
    at all temperatures.
    %
    Statistical errors are represented by translucent regions.
    %
    Details of the DFT anharmonic vibrational energy calculations are
    as in Fig.\ \ref{fig:free_energy_300K}.
  }
\end{figure}

Our results using the experimental geometries at 300~K for all
temperatures predict the stability of anatase at low temperatures.
However, the experimentally observed rutile polymorph is energetically
very close to being stable, which strongly suggests that reproducing
the experimental results requires both an accurate description of
electronic correlation and anharmonic vibrations.

There are several sources of error in our calculations.
The DMC energies are affected by time-step and population-control
bias, although we have verified that these effects are negligible
compared with our target accuracy of 0.01 eV/[TiO$_2$].
We have made every effort to minimize the fixed-node errors, which we
expect to be small, although they are difficult to quantify.
We have employed finite-size corrections using methods that have been
demonstrated to be accurate and consistent with direct extrapolation
\cite{Drummond_hydrogen_2015}.
Similarly, while pseudopotentials are inherently approximate,
our tests have shown that CEPPs provide very accurate representations
of the Ti and O atoms.
The use of pseudopotentials in DMC incurs an additional bias, but
the T-moves scheme ensures that this bias is positive, which promotes
cancellation of errors in energy differences.

We suggest that the disagreement with experiment is likely to arise
mainly from the DFT evaluation of vibrational properties.
DFT calculations with both the LDA and PBE density functionals have
been reported to underestimate harmonic frequencies in diamond
\cite{Maezono_diamond_2007}, and the size of this underestimation
is of the order of magnitude of the difference between the Helmholtz
free energies of anatase and rutile TiO$_2$ at low temperatures
reported in our work.

In summary, we have obtained accurate estimates of the relative
energies of rutile, anatase, brookite, and columbite TiO$_2$ using DMC
methods, and of the relative Helmholtz free energies by combining
static-lattice DMC methods and anharmonic vibrational methods.
The main calculations were performed using DMC static-lattice
calculations, and finite-size corrections were obtained from the KZK
scheme.
Our results confirm that columbite TiO$_2$ is significantly higher
in energy than the three low-pressure phases.
The lowest (anatase) and highest (rutile) Helmholtz free energies of
the low-pressure phases at 300~K differ by only about 0.02
eV/[TiO$_2$], which is close to our target accuracy of 0.01
eV/[TiO$_2$].
We have shown that an accurate description of both electronic
correlation and vibrational energies are required to provide accurate
energetics for the TiO$_2$ polymorphs considered.
Our VSCF calculations show that the rutile structure of TiO$_2$ is
stabilized by quartic anharmonic vibrational motion.
Our results are consistent with the experimentally observed
irreversible phase transitions of anatase and brookite to the
rutile form at high temperatures, but do not explain the
stability of rutile at low temperatures
\cite{Smith_2009,Aoki_2015}.

\begin{acknowledgments}
  J.R.T., P.L.R., and R.J.N.\ acknowledge financial support from the
  Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the
  U.K.\ under grant number EP/J017639/1.
  %
  B.M.\ acknowledges Robinson College, Cambridge, and the Cambridge
  Philosophical Society for a Henslow Research Fellowship.
  %
  R.M.\ is grateful for financial support from MEXT-KAKENHI grants
  26287063, 25600156, 22104011, and a grant from the Asahi Glass
  Foundation.
  %
  Computational resources were provided by the Archer facility of the
  U.K.'s national high-performance computing service (for which access
  was obtained via the UKCP consortium, grant number EP/K014560/1), by
  the Center for Information Science of the JAIST, and by the
  K-computer (supported by the Computational Materials Science
  Initiative, CMSI/Japan, under project numbers hp120086, hp140150,
  and hp150014).
  %
  Preliminary calculations were performed using the Darwin
  Supercomputer of the University of Cambridge High Performance
  Computing Service (\url{http://www.hpc.cam.ac.uk}).
  %
  Supporting research data may be freely accessed at [URL], in
  compliance with the applicable Open Data policies.
\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
A.D. Frazier Sworn in as TVA Board Member
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. ― A.D. Frazier, of Mineral Bluff, Ga., today officially assumed his role as a member of the Tennessee Valley Authority board of directors after taking the oath of office in a ceremony in Chattanooga, Tenn. His term will expire on May 18, 2022.
Frazier was nominated by President Donald Trump on Sept. 21, 2017, and was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on Dec. 21, 2017. He was sworn in by U.S. District Judge Harry S. Mattice, Jr., of the Eastern District of Tennessee.
"Even after 84 years, TVA still has an important and relevant mission that impacts the lives of residents across the Tennessee Valley, including those served in northern Georgia," said Frazier. "As a board member, I look forward to joining TVA and contributing to its mission of service."
Director Frazier has spent his entire 35-year career as an executive manager in the for-profit, non-profit and government sectors, principally in the financial services industry. Among his many achievements, he was awarded The Olympic Order in Gold by the International Olympic Committee for his services as the Chief Operating Officer of the Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games – the only COO ever to receive the IOC's highest service award.
Frazier earned Bachelor of Arts and Juris Doctor degrees from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, as well as completing the Harvard Business School's Advanced Management Program.
Frazier is one of four newly confirmed appointees to the TVA board of directors along with James "Skip" Thompson of Decatur, Ala., Jeff W. Smith of Knoxville, Tenn., and Kenneth Allen of White Plains, Ky. They will join current TVA Chair Richard Howorth of Oxford, Miss., and Directors Virginia Lodge of Nashville, Tenn., Eric Satz of Nashville, Tenn., and Ronald Walter of Memphis, Tenn.
One additional vacancy remains on the nine-member board, which next meets on Feb. 16, 2018, in Chattanooga, Tenn.
The Tennessee Valley Authority is a corporate agency of the United States that provides electricity for business customers and local power companies serving more than 9 million people in parts of seven southeastern states. TVA receives no taxpayer funding, deriving virtually all of its revenues from sales of electricity. In addition to operating and investing its revenues in its electric system, TVA provides flood control, navigation and land management for the Tennessee River system and assists local power companies and state and local governments with economic development and job creation.


text:
Let Manning try to clinch MVP Thursday
AP Photo/Darron Cummings
Will Peyton Manning's chances at a fourth MVP title suffer if the Colts rest him?INDIANAPOLIS -- His biggest accomplishment is leading his team to a place where he doesn't need to make a major contribution over the next three weeks.
For that distinction, Drew Brees, Brett Favre, Chris Johnson and Philip Rivers surely would trade situations with Peyton Manning.
But after the Indianapolis Colts' 28-16 victory over the Denver Broncos at Lucas Oil Stadium Sunday, we might have seen the last full game of the regular season from Manning.
And if the regular-season final image of Manning depicts him with a dangling earpiece and under a poncho in Buffalo in Week 17 -- helping substitute quarterback Curtis Painter cope with the Bills -- how will that affect MVP voters?
Will they reflect upon Manning's accomplishments leading the Colts to a 13-0 start? Will that three-week-old memory have any impact while they're watching, say, Brees cap an undefeated regular season, or Favre carry the Vikings into the playoffs, or Johnson crack 2,000 rushing yards?
When that Associated Press panel submits its MVP votes Jan. 4, could Manning fall victim to omnipresent what-have-you-done-for-me-lately thinking?
"I would say you can't count it against him if he's not out there," Dwight Freeney said. "It's about the team first, nothing else matters. …If it came down to that, it would be a shame."
"The effect that he's had on a team, I don't know how you could match that," said Colts kicker Matt Stover, who's played with Phil Simms, Jeff Hostetler, Bernie Kosar, Vinny Testaverde and a slew of other quarterbacks in 20 NFL seasons. "What he does in practice, what he's replicated on the field, warrants an MVP to me.
"I have never seen anything like it in my 20 years and that's playing with a lotta, lotta, lotta quarterbacks. To me it's 'What has he done to give his team the best opportunity to win, to get his team to the playoffs?'"
With his play, Manning's helped put the Colts in position to ease up. They are expected to stay true to a long-standing philosophy of resting key starters once playoff position has been secured, a stance honed by former head coach Tony Dungy and expected to be adopted by his successor Jim Caldwell.
No other quarterback has put his team in such a spot so early, so to penalize him for it in any way wouldn't seem fair to me.
Colts executive Bill Polian made his traditional sour face when I asked him if MVP is important. He cares little for things voted on by media members and things he and his team cannot control, at least conversationally. Still, asked to make the case for his quarterback, it came easily.
"If you ask me is it comparable to the seasons that he's won, the answer is yes it is," he said. "Certainly beyond, because of the circumstances, because of the offensive line transition, the offensive line difficulties and the receiver transitions."
Manning has excelled even as the team's projected starters at left tackle and right guard (Tony Ugoh and Mike Pollak, respectively) were outplayed and replaced by understudies (Charlie Johnson and Kyle DeVan, respectively). And with Hall of Fame receiver Marvin Harrison gone and No. 2 target Anthony Gonzalez hurt, Manning's thrown to rookie Austin Collie and second-year man Pierre Garcon unhesitatingly, helping both become major contributors.
I skipped Manning's news conference after the Broncos game because I knew an MVP question would be fruitless and I'd fare better on this subject in the locker room.
But make no mistake, a fourth MVP would mean a great deal to Manning just as late yards in a blowout win at Tennessee on Oct. 11 meant something to him. Those yards got him over 300 yards for the fifth straight game at the start of the season. The milestone kept him on track to match or surpass the shared record of six, held by Kurt Warner and Steve Young. (He came up well shy of 300 a week later at St. Louis.)
That doesn't mean Manning is at all selfish or has any priorities out of whack.
I just believe he's acutely aware of the numbers and the history. He takes a great deal of personal pride in getting the first and making the other when he has the chance. None of that makes a second Super Bowl win any less important to him or the team he leads.
A year ago, en route to his third MVP, Manning and the Colts played at Jacksonville in a late-season Thursday night game. The Dec. 18 contest marked the Colts' 15th game. In a 31-24 victory, Manning was a pitcher with no-hitter control -- zipping balls through small windows, lofting them just over defenders' fingertips, throwing them with just the perfect touch.
That 29-for-34 passing for 364 yards and three touchdowns, broadcast nationally on NFL Network, clinched the award for him, I thought.
A week later in a meaningless game against Tennessee he threw early and often, and topped 4,000 yards. He helped get Harrison past Cris Carter into second place for career receptions, and then Manning left the game.
Certainly the Colts have many banged-up guys who need to heal. Some others can get the work they need to stay sharp during practice weeks. But the team's first playoff game isn't until Jan. 16 or 17, more than a month away. A month is too long to expect the engine to idle.
Nobody asked me but… I humbly propose the Colts set Manning loose on the Jaguars again in four days. Kelvin Hayden said even if the team takes its foot off the gas, it doesn't want to drop a game to a loathsome division rival.
Manning will do what he's asked to do. Still, he said he hasn't liked playing a bit and then taking a seat when he's been required to do it in the past. So don't ask him to do it three consecutive weeks while risking the honor that would come with being the league's first four-time MVP.
Let Manning be Manning in North Florida Thursday, with his stable of healthy weapons helping him stake his claim.
If Brees or Favre or Johnson or someone passes him from there as he plays only a couple series against the New York Jets (Week 16) and at Buffalo, so be it. At least the voters will have less time to forget what they should be sure to remember.


Univeristy of the West Indies was first established in Mona, Jamaica in 1948. Two other campuses were later incorporated— the St. Augustine Campus in Trinidad and Tobago in 1960, and the Cave Hill Campus in Barbados in 1963. UWI has since become the premier choice for tertiary education, servicing fifteen countries in the Caribbean. As a regional institution, the university offers an enriching experience for those who wish to interact with students from diverse cultural and social backgrounds. A strong emphasis on Caribbean issues and international relations in both teaching and research makes the University an ideal learning ground for international students.
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