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Excess Costs of Issuance for Private Activity Bonds
More In File
Businesses and Self-Employed
Governmental Liaisons
Federal State Local Governments
Tax Credit and Direct Pay Bonds
Forms and Filing Requirements
Post Issuance Compliance
This issue snapshot addresses the rules applicable to costs of issuance for private activity bonds.
Internal Revenue Code Section and Treasury Regulation
Internal Revenue Code 147
Treasury Regulation 1.150-1
Resources (Court Cases, Chief Counsel Advice, Revenue Rulings, Internal Resources)
Private Letter Ruling ("PLR") 200813022
Field Service Advice Memoranda from Assistant Chief Counsel (Field Service) of January 6, 1994
Costs of issuance (or "issuance costs")
Issuance costs are defined as "costs to the extent incurred in connection with, and allocable to, the issuance of an issue within the meaning of Section 147(g)" (Treas. Reg. 1.150-1(b)).
Limitations on issuance costs
IRC Section 147(g) prevents a private activity bond from being treated as a qualified bond if the issuance costs (other than certain costs attributable to financing of credit enhancement fees) financed by the issue of which the bond is a part exceed 2 percent of the proceeds of the issue (or 3.5 percent for an issue of qualified mortgage bonds or qualified veterans' mortgage bonds if the proceeds of the issue do not exceed $20 million). The 2 percent (or 3.5 percent) limitation on bond-financing of certain private activity bond issuance costs is applied to the proceeds, not the aggregate face amount, of an issue. In addition, amounts used to finance costs of issuance are not treated as spent for the exempt purpose of the borrowing, and may be financed only from the 5 percent (or less) of private activity bonds that are not used for the exempt purpose of the issue (see Senate Committee Report 100 S, Rpt. 445, p. 345, explaining the cost of issuance provisions of the Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, P.L. 100-647).
Prior to August 15, 1986, the effective date of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, there was no overall limitation on the amount of costs of issuance (Conf. Rep. No. 841, 99th Cong. 2d Sess. p. II-728). Even today, private activity bonds are not disqualified under Section 147(g) if issuance costs exceed 2 percent of bond proceeds if the costs in excess of 2 percent are paid with the issuer's own funds or from other taxable loans payable by the issuer or a conduit borrower. The law limits the federal subsidy for financing costs, not the financing costs themselves (see 1994 FSA Lexis 253, p. 12 (I.R.S. January 06, 1994)).
Examples of issuance costs
The Joint Explanatory Statement of the Committee of Conference, House Conference Report No. 99-841, defined private activity bond costs of issuance as "all costs that are treated as costs of issuance under the present [1986] Treasury Department regulations and rulings." It then said that issuance costs subject to the two-percent limitation "include (but are not limited to)" the following:
"underwriters' spread (whether realized directly or derived through purchase of the bonds at a discount below the price at which they are expected to be sold to the public);
counsel fees (including bond counsel, underwriter's counsel, issuer's counsel, company counsel in the case of borrowings such as those for exempt facilities, as well as any other specialized counsel fees incurred in connection with the borrowing);
financial advisor fees incurred in connection with the borrowing;
rating agency fees;
trustee fees incurred in connection with the borrowing;
paying agent and certifying and authenticating agent fees related to issuance of the bonds;
accountant fees (e.g., accountant verifications in the case of advance refundings) related to issuance of the bonds;
printing costs (for the bonds and of preliminary and final offering materials);
costs incurred in connection with the required public approval process (e.g., publication costs for public notices generally and costs of the public hearing or voter referendum); and
costs of engineering and feasibility studies necessary to the issuance of the bonds (as opposed to such studies related to completion of the project, but not to the financing)."
Treas. Reg. 1.150-1(b) adds the following fees not enumerated in the Joint Explanatory Statement: "fees paid to an organization to evaluate the credit quality of an issue," "bond registrar, certification, and authentication fees," "guarantee fees, other than for qualified guarantees (as defined in § 1.148–4(f)); and similar costs."
Treas. Reg. 1.150-1(b) states that a cost is an issuance cost "only to the extent incurred in connection with, and allocable to, the borrowing." PLR 200813022 states that the "borrowing" referred to throughout Section 1.150-1(b) is "the borrowing by the Issuer as evidenced by the Bonds and not the borrowing of the Bond proceeds by the Borrower."
Exceptions to the 2 percent of proceeds rule
Some issuance cost expenditures can be characterized as interest expense, exempting them from the 2 percent of proceeds rule. For example, "bond insurance premiums and certain letter of credit fees may be treated as interest expense under the arbitrage restrictions. To the extent of their treatment as interest, the initial cost of these types of costs of issuance may be financed in addition to the two-percent limit on financing other costs of issuance" (Joint Explanatory Statement of the Committee of Conference, House Conference Report No. 99-841, Tax Reform Act of 1986, p. 4818).
While Section 1.150-1(b) mentions guarantee fees as a cost of issuance, Section 1.148-4(f)(1) provides that fees properly allocable to payments for a "qualified" guarantee for an issue (as determined under Section 1.148-4(f)(6)) are treated as additional interest on that issue under Section 148. A qualified guarantee must satisfy Section 1.148-4(f)(2) ("interest savings"), Section 1.148-4(f)(3) ("guarantee in substance"), and Section 1.148-4(f)(4) ("reasonable charge"). Section 1.148-4(f)(4)(i) requires that the fee for a qualified guarantee not exceed a reasonable, arm's-length charge for the transfer of credit risk. If the guarantee is a qualified guarantee, it is additional interest rather than an issuance cost.
In addition, Section 1.148-4(f)(4)(ii) says that "fees for the transfer of credit risk include fees for the guarantor's overhead and other costs relating to the transfer of credit risk." PLR 200813022 held that to the extent that attorneys' fees are incurred by a credit enhancer with respect to the provision of the credit enhancement on the bonds, such fees "are other costs for the transfer of credit risk within the meaning of Section 1.148-4(f)(4)(ii) and therefore are fees for a qualified guarantee." As qualified guarantee fees, they are included as additional interest on the bonds under Section 1.148-4(f)(1) and are not subject to the 2 percent cost of issuance limitation of Section 147(g). (However, PLR 200813022 found a mortgagee policy fee incurred by the conduit borrower to get a loan financed by the bond proceeds to be neither a fee for a qualified guarantee within the meaning of Section 1.148-4(f)(1), nor a cost of issuance subject to the 2 percent cost of issuance limitation described in Section 147(g), nor a qualified administrative cost within the meaning of Section 1.148-5(e)(3)(ii)).
Section 1.148-4(f)(4)(ii) warns that a fee for a guarantee must not include any payment for a direct or indirect service other than the transfer of credit risk, unless the compensation for those other services is separately stated, reasonable, and excluded from the guarantee fee.
Issue Indicators or Audit Tips
Verify the amount of actual issuance costs:
Request and review source documents (trustee statements, invoices, etc.) for costs of issuance.
Identify any additional costs that should be included as costs of issuance.
Verify the amount of "Proceeds" for the issue:
Sale proceeds.
Investment proceeds (during the project period).
Calculate the 2 percent allowable costs of issuance. If the limit is exceeded, the bonds could be taxable.
If the issuer asserts that excess costs of issuance has been paid by a conduit borrower, ensure the payment came from the conduit's funds and isn't traceable to bond proceeds.
Compare the computed amount with the amount reported on Form 8038.
Page Last Reviewed or Updated: 29-Jun-2021


The Defense Department will lift all gender-based restrictions on military service starting in January, Defense Secretary Ash Carter announced Thursday.
The historic change will clear the way for women to serve alongside men in combat arms units.
Carter's decision comes as a rebuke to an internal recommendation from the Marine Corps that sought to keep some jobs closed to women. In contrast, the Army leaders recommended opening all combat arms jobs to women.
"While the Marine Corps asked for a partial exception in some areas such as infantry, machine gunner, fire support reconnaissance and others, we are a joint force, and I have decided to make a decision which applies to the entire force," Carter said at a Pentagon press briefing Thursday.
"The important factor in making my decision was to have access to every American who could add strength to the joint force," he said.
In effect, Carter's decision will open to women about 220,000 jobs in all, or about 10 percent of the entire active and reserve force. Most of those jobs are in Army and Marine Corps infantry and armor units.
FACT SHEET: What positions are opening? Download the list.
At its core, the decision means that as of Jan. 2, female service members — both current and incoming recruits — will be allowed to serve in any military job for which they meet the gender-neutral performance standards and other requirements.
"They'll be allowed to drive tanks, fire mortars, and lead infantry soldiers into combat. They'll be able to serve as Army Rangers and Green Berets, Navy SEALs, Marine Corps infantry, Air Force parajumpers and everything else that was previously open only to men," Carter said.
"And even more importantly, our military will be better able to harness the skills and perspectives that talented women have to offer."
Carter made the announcement at a Pentagon press briefing. Absent from the briefing was Marine Corps Gen. Joseph Dunford, the relatively new chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, who was serving as commandant of the Marine Corps earlier this year when the Corps made its pitch to keep some gender restrictions in place.
Dunford was in the Washington area Thursday attending a series of meetings, officials said. His absence raised questions about his support for Carter's decision. The top general issued a statement Thursday that stopped short of agreeing with the decision.
Earlier this year, the Marine Corps outlined a justification for that stance by publicly releasing some results of a yearlong study that concluded male-only units performed better overall than gender-integrated units.
Specifically, that Marine Corps-sponsored study found that male-only infantry units shot more accurately, could carry more weight and move more quickly through some tactical maneuvers. The study also found higher injury rates for women than for men.
Carter acknowledged that the Marine Corps' recommendation was based on a conclusion that allowing women to serve in combat units would jeopardize readiness and combat effectiveness, but said he disagreed with that assessment.
"I believe that we could, in the implementation process, address the issues that were raised," Carter said.
The Army, in contrast, has shown strong support for opening all military occupational specialties to women. So far this year, three female soldiers completed the prestigious Army Ranger School and earned the Ranger tab. In November, the Ranger School's first fully integrated class got underway at Fort Benning, Georgia.
For the Navy, the impact will be felt mainly in to the SEAL community, which was historically limited to men. The Navy integrated its fighter pilot career fields in the 1990s and began allowing women to serve on submarines several years ago.
For the Air Force, the change will affect six occupational specialties that had been closed to women: special tactics officer and combat rescue officer, and the enlisted fields of special operations weather, combat control, pararescue and tactical air control party. Those gender restrictions affected roughly 4,000 positions.
Navy Secretary Ray Mabus voiced strong public support for lifting all gender restrictions, including those for Navy SEALs, yet Dunford, commandant of the Marine Corps at the time, disagreed.
The Corps' nine-month study compared all-male units to mixed-gender units and included battlefield simulations examining the impacts of integrating women into combat roles. The Corps released only parts of the study's final report, which highlighted unit cohesion problems and increased rates of injuries for women.
Critics said the Corps' study was flawed because it failed to take into account that many of the male Marines, unlike the females, had prior training in the combat arms, and also because it focused on average results rather than individual results.
Thursday's announcement was greeted with some skepticism on Capitol Hill. The leaders of the House and Senate armed services committees, Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., and Rep. Mac Thornberry, R-Texas, issued a joint statement vowing to take a close look at the issue during Congress's 30-day review period.
"The Senate and House Armed Services committees intend to carefully and thoroughly review all relevant documentation related to today's decision, including the 1,000-page Marine Integrated Task Force report. We expect the department to send over its implementation plans as quickly as possible to ensure our Committees have all the information necessary to conduct proper and rigorous oversight," the statement said.
The Pentagon does not need direct approval from Capitol Hill to move forward on Carter's decision, but strong opposition from Congress could pose problems in implementing related policies.
The Pentagon leadership's final decision on lifting all gender restrictions has been influenced by a pending lawsuit from several former female service members who claim the combat exclusion rules violate their constitutional rights.
The change was also driven in part by support from the White House and President Obama's interest in expanding opportunities for all Americans to serve in the military. In 2011, Congress passed, and Obama signed, a law to end the prohibition on open military service by gays and lesbians.
And the change also was fueled by claims from women that the restrictions limited their ability to ascend to the military's highest level of leadership, which is often filled with officers who served in the combat arms.
It also comes after 15 years of counterinsurgency operations that made rules referencing "ground combat" seem out of step with missions targeting a shadowy enemy that used nontraditional, asymmetrical tactics.
During a decade's worth of conflict, more than about 300,000 women were deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. More than 9,000 female troops have earned Combat Action Badges. More than 800 female service members have been wounded and at least 161 have died from combat- and noncombat-related incidents, according to Defense Department data.


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Q: Nginx proxy rewrite configuration it is possible to rewrite a url and use a proxy server for backgound connection?
An example, I want to use this URL my.domain.org/demo on my proxy server and redirect this into the root directory of my tomcat on another server with proxy_pass my.tomcat.local.
The url must be place my.domain.org/demo and must used the proxy url my.tomcat.local (without any subdomains).
Is this hook possible?
Thanks !!!!

A: Yes, this is absolutely possible.
Use the following configuration
location /demo {
    proxy_pass http://my.tomcat.local/; #Pay attention to the trailing slash. It MUST be present here.
}

The point is that if the specified proxy_pass destination contains path (a single slash is also considered as a path), then Nginx will directly pass request to that URL; otherwise, Nginx will append the path of the received URL to the proxy_pass destination and use the resulting URL.
Reference: http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpProxyModule#proxy_pass

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text:
prof. dr. Irene Stengs
Endowed Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Social and Cultural Anthropology
Endowed Professor, Mobilities, Beliefs and Belonging: Confronting Global Inequalities and Insecurities (MOBB)
Emaili.l.stengs@vu.nl
No ancillary activities
Ancillary activities are updated daily
Irene Stengs is senior researcher at the Meertens Instituut (KNAW) and, since 2017, professor by special appointment "Anthropology of Ritual and Popular Culture" at the Vrije Universiteit. She received her PhD in Cultural Anthropology from the Universiteit van Amsterdam, with a thesis on the veneration for the monarchy in present-day Thailand. Her research in the Netherlands and Thailand focuses on popular religiosity, material culture, commemorative ritual and processes of heritage formation.
For one part, Stengs' ongoing research focuses on the cultural politics of Dutchness. Dutch cultural heritage is enjoying a boom in popularity. A great deal of attention is being paid to Dutch culture, traditions, architecture, design, heritage, cuisine, religion, standards, and values. The question is why this is suddenly in full swing now, during the 21st century. Various perspectives are being used to examine which emotional, aesthetic, and political dimensions shape what the project defines as "Dutchness." How is Dutch culture being commodified? How is Dutchness shaped and expressed through rituals and popular culture? What role do religiousness and processes of secularization play here? What is the relationship of Dutchness to its colonial past and its postcolonial present? In which language forms is Dutchness expressed? This research is being undertaken along with the department of ethnology at the Meertens Instituut.
Further research contributions to the Meertens Instituut Research Program include the project HERILIGION: The heritagization of religion and sacralization of heritage in contemporary Europe. This European research project, funded by the HERA program, seeks to understand the consequences of the transformation of religious sites, objects, and practices into heritage. Particularly, the project focuses on the impact of practices of heritage-formation on religious constituencies, on the role of various management regimes; and on potential paradoxes between religious and secular uses of heritage. Together with Ernst van den Hemel, Irene Stengs seeks to answer the question: What do these transformations of religion and heritage tell us about our time, in Europe and beyond? The empirical focus of the project, titled 'The Dutch Passion for the Passion', is on the growing popularity of passion performances, whether in the form of the Matthew Passion or the annual performance and broadcast of The Passion by Dutch celebrities.
Her personal research focuses on the popularization of culture in Thailand and the Netherlands, and the role herein of, what she calls, high-density events. Stengs defines a high-density event as an intense occurrence, of an almost entertainment-like character, followed continuously by many and evoking new practices. High-density events are relevant as occasions where ideas about the nation ('the community') and who belong or do not are shaped and articulated. At a high pace, cultural forms, objects, and practices are popularized, transferred and exchanged, processes in which virtually anybody may become involved. Taking high-density events as the object of research implies a focus on the making of heritage. In the repetitious, ritualized contexts of such events, certain cultural forms, practices, and objects may become magnified and sacralized, to become heritage.
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics where Irene Stengs is active. These topic labels come from the works of this person. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Commemoration Arts & Humanities
Popular music Arts & Humanities
Pilgrimage Arts & Humanities
Ceremony Arts & Humanities
Music Arts & Humanities
Artist Arts & Humanities
Overlap Arts & Humanities
Physical Arts & Humanities
Ascertaining the future memory of our time: Dutch institutions collecting relics of national tragedy
Stengs, I. L., 2018, Sense and Essence: Heritage and the Cultural Construction of the Real. Meyer, B. & van de Port, M. (eds.). Berghahn Books Inc.
Research output: Chapter in Book / Report / Conference proceeding › Chapter › Academic › peer-review
Gepopulariseerde cultuur, ritueel en het maken van erfgoed
Stengs, I. L., 9 Nov 2018, Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. 56 p.
Research output: Book / Report › Inaugural speech › Professional
Peripheral performances: the languagecultural practices of Dutch-Limburgian world star André Rieu
Stengs, I. L., 2018, The Sociolinguistics of Place and Belonging: Perspectives from the Margins. Cornips, L. & de Rooij, V. (eds.). John Benjamins Publishing Company, p. 149-176 28 p. (Impact: Studies in Language and Society).
Popular music and commemorative ritual: a material approach
Stengs, I. L., Jun 2018, The Routledge Companion to Popular Music History and Heritage. Baker, S., Strong, C., Istvandity, L. & Cantillon, Z. (eds.). London and New York: Routledge, p. 229-237 9 p.
Carnivalesque language use and the construction of local identities: A plea for languageculture as a field of research
Cornips, L., de Rooij, V. & Stengs, I. L., 2017, Jahrbuch Für Europäische Ethnologie. Alzheimer, H., Doering-Manteuffel, S., Drascek, D. & Treiber, A. (eds.). Kornwestheim: Schöningh, p. 61-90
Research output: Chapter in Book / Report / Conference proceeding › Chapter › Academic
Eerbetoon aan ernstig zieke van der Laan
Irene Stengs
Contact prof. dr. Irene Stengs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Results day is a very stressful day. Everyone knows this. You wake up for the twentieth time that night, realise its only 7am and try go back to sleep. You wake up again to your mother telling you that "as long as you did your best you'll be fine", and "you did put other courses on your CAO, right?". Then of course, you eventually get the results you've been having stress-inducing dreams over for the past month, while trying not to look your maths teacher in the eye. But after results day, naturally comes results night. A night where you drink a lot of alcohol, or if you're under 18, you hide the fact that you are drinking a lot of alcohol illegally by using your cousin's friend's brother's ID that sort of looks like you. That's fine. You deserve that alcohol. You got your results. You need to celebrate, or drown those sorrows. Drinking is fine, but there are few things you don't need to do on result's night.
Don't talk about the results.
Treat the nightclub as fight club. Do not talk about why you are there. This night should be about fun with your friends. No need to bring it down with talking about the real reason you're there; the results. Unless of course people are comfortable with it, then work away. Tell them how you managed to pass Higher Level Maths after failing all year, or recite that English Paper that you're sure got you that A. Just be mindful that some people are not as brilliant as you, and may be a bit disappointed with their results, so they don't need someone going on about how the examiner marked the English paper. Have a bit of cop-on, and shut up.
Even if you are one of the unfortunates that didn't get what they were hoping for, don't just stay at home. A maudlin state will not do any good. Go out and try have fun. Deal with the disappointment tomorrow, and do something that evening to mark the occasion. Even if it is watching Arrested Development for the fifth time that year.
This should be applied for most nights. But if Fiona, who swears she do a thing for the exams, starts going on about how "she didn't think she'd get that 6th A1", and "is surprised that you didn't get an A in Irish", Just bite your tongue and clench your fists. There is no need for bloodshed tonight. Let her college classmates handle that in a few weeks.
It's not the best way of phrasing it but you have to keep consistency on a list like this. It's called a motif, alright? If you go out and reflect about your results with unhappiness you will not have a good night. Trust me. Thursday onwards can be spent worrying and deciding what to do. But Wednesday, today, is the day to forget about the worry, celebrate the fact that you managed to get your results, and have fun. Don't waste the day because you didn't get the amount of points or grade you wanted. As Noah and The Whale says, in five years' time, the results mean feck all anyway. Enjoy the night.


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Ким Ю Ён (; род. 9 июля 1988, Сеул, Республика Корея) — южнокорейский футболист, защитник. Выступал в национальной сборной Южной Кореи. Бронзовый призёр Азиатских игр 2010 года.

Клубная карьера
Ким Ю Ён с 2008 по 2009 год играл в молодёжной команде «Ёньсэ Университи». В 2009 году он стал игроком «Кённама». За эту команду игрок выступал до 2012 года, провёл сорок восемь матчей и забил один гол. В сезоне 2011 Ким Ю Ён потерял место в основном составе и поэтому перебрался в другой клуб, «Сеул». В своём дебютном сезоне игрок стал чемпионом Южной Кореи. Благодаря своей надёжной игре имел прочное место в стартовом составе «Сеула». Покинув столичный коллектив, Ким Ю Ён переехал в Китай, где провёл три сезона и завершил свою карьеру в 29-летнем возрасте.

Карьера в сборной
За национальную сборную Южной Кореи Ким Ю Ён провёл десять встреч. Его дебют состоялся 1 февраля 2014 года в матче против сборной США. Кроме того, он был в составе олимпийской сборной, завоевавшей бронзовые медали Азиатских игр 2010 года. После двухлетнего перерыва он вернулся в сборную. 7 октября 2017 года в матче против сборной России забил 2 автогола за 2 минуты.

Достижения
 Чемпион Южной Кореи (1): 2012

Примечания

Ссылки

Футболисты Республики Корея
Игроки сборной Республики Корея по футболу
Игроки ФК «Кённам»
Игроки ФК «Сеул»
Игроки ФК «Шанхай СИПГ»
Игроки ФК «Хэбэй»

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Customer satisfaction is our principal concern at 3marthas.com. We gladly accept returns within 30 days from receipt of merchandise and we will exchange it or issue a refund. Shipping and handling fees are not refundable. (**Please note that custom special orders and monogrammed items are not returnable). If there is a problem with any of the above non-returnable items, please contact us within 7 business days.
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Born in 1890 in France, René Gabriel was one of the leading practitioners of the modernist movement in Paris. From 1923 to 1950, he presented an innovative body of work. René Gabriel offered innovative vision on the way people would live in the new century.
René Gabriel designed wallpaper, fabrics, rugs, ceramics as well as furniture. In 1920 he opened a small wallpaper store called Au Sansonnet on the rue de Solferino in Paris and in 1934, Ateliers d'Art in Neuilly. By 1927 he was exhibiting very simple oak furniture with graceful lines and participating in the major Paris expositions.
René Gabriel was at the forefront of the modernist movement as an intellectual and practicing innovator. He was a member and president of the Societé des Artistes Decorateurs, a teacher and a director of the Ecole Nationale Superieure, and took part in establish the René Gabriel Prize for young designers. He showed work at the 1925 Paris Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Moderns, the Salon d'Automne and yearly at the Societé des Artistes Decorateurs. He was gifted with creativity and vision and he was sensitive to the way cultural change made an impact on material life. His achievement was an important generous contribution to an extraordinary period in the history of decorative arts.


At the Heart of Dayton, Ohio. There exist a modest, family-owned bistro serving up an extensive menu of Vietnamese & Chinese dishes.
Sometimes the simplest things are the hardest to find. So we embarked on creating an atmosphere for individuals for quick and simple meals to family style restaurant, All Year Round. Taste what everyone is raving about.
Visit our restaurant and see the latest specials.
Fresh vermicelli, grilled pork, grilled meat roll with vegetable and Vietnamese Dipping Fish Sauce.


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Maluti – the hamlet with 108 temples
by Agni AmritaOct 2, 2015Heritage & Architecture, India Heritage, Jharkhand5 comments
Maluti, a nondescript hamlet is situated near the Bengal– Jharkhand border at Dumka district of Jharkhand. What sets apart this village from others is the presence of as many as 108 temples clustered in a radius of about 350 metres.
Temples of Maluti
The History:
It was during the reign of emperor Alauddin Hussan Shah of Gour (1495 – 1525) when the Sultan had camped with his entourage near Maluti. During this time, the Begum had lost her pet hawk (Baaj pakhi in Bengali) and was quite upset. The Sultan, to please his queen announced that anyone who finds the bird will be rewarded handsomely. As chance would be, a local shepherd named Basanta found the bird and returned it to the emperor. The Sultan was so happy that he awarded several acres of tax free land to Basanta. Thus Basanta became the first king of Baaj Basanta dynasty and marking the beginning of Nankar (non tax) region. Basanta came to be known as Baaj Basanta because of his tryst with the "Baaj".
Shiva Linga at a temple of Maluti
Baaj Basanta's great grandson Rajchandra was defeated by the King of Rajnagar in the battle of Damra. His four sons fled and shifted the capital to Maluti in about 1680 and they started living separately. The house of Rakharchandra, the eldest son, came to be known as Rajbari (house of the king). The eldest son of the family was automatically given the title of Raja. The second son Prithvichandra's house was called the Madhyam Bari (house of the second). Ramchandra, who like his brother got one-fourth share, and was called Sikir Bari (house of one-fourth share). The fourth and last son Madhavchandra had six sons, so his house came to be known as Chhai Taraf (house of six).
Raas Mancha at Maluti
During this time, many terracotta artisans called "Sutradhars" travelled along the villages displaying their art. These craftsmen met the four brothers and under their patronage built several temples. The terracotta temples are of various designs and patterns. Most of the temples here follow the char–challa (four sloped roofs) form of architecture, the most common form found in Bengal. There are few temples following the Orissan style of architecture. Some of the temples have intricate terracotta designs depicting various Hindu mythological and religious events.
The battle of Ram and Ravana depicted in terracotta works
There are intricate details of war scene between Ram and Ravana at the Madhyam Bari. These scenes are found in some other temples of Maluti also. There is also the life stories of Sri Krishna depicted in terracotta panels as well as that of Goddess Durga.
Devi Durga depicted by terraicotta works at Maluti
What surprised us was that the designs were also inspired by the current social scenarios. There is a carving of a Babu going for hunting in a palanquin.
Babu going in palanquin
There is also a very minute carving of some soldiers – the first soldiers on horseback with sword followed by soldiers wielding guns. This showed the advent of East India Company in Indian landscape.
Terracotta works at temple of Maluti showing the soldiers
Our visit to Maluti:
Maluti is best approachable from Rampurhat station in Birbhum district of West Bengal. Maluti is just 16 km from Rampurhat. An auto has to be booked from Rampurhat. It is a 16 kilometers of pleasant ride which will even take you through a deserted air field. As we reached Maluti , we first visited the temple of Devi Maulishka. The deity only has a face and no body.
The deity of Devi Maulishka
The village is a small one with almost 350 families. The descendants of Baaj Basanta had built around 108 temples in that small area. 36 of them could not pass the test of times and are now in ruins. The rest 72 now lies neglected. 8 newer temples were built bringing the number of temples to 80.
Mahisasura Mardini at Maluti
Maluti had been neglected by the Government since long. But it is due to the lone crusade of Sri. Gopaldas Mukherjee that village is gaining prominence. Sri Gopaldas Mukherjee is an retired school teacher who had painstakingly researched about Maluti and worked hard to bring Maluti to notice. His hardwork and perseverance was not in vain. Now, this village has got noticed by the Central as well as Jharkhand Government and now funds are allocated to preserve the temples. Sri. Mukherjee has written a few books about Maluti too.
Sri. Gopaldas Mukherjee, the lone crusader of Maluti
Maluti is thus a small temple town rich in history and culture. Visit this hamlet to see the beautiful terracotta temples and the story behind it. A visit to Sri Gopaldas Mukherjee will be an enriching experience.
Intricate terracotta designs at the temple
Some facts:
Take a train from Howrah to Rampurhat. From Rampurhat, an auto has to be reserved for visit to Maluti . The auto fare is approximately Rs.700/- depending on your bargaining capacity! The visit can be done together with Tarapith.
There is a government lodge at here. But it is better to stay at Rampurhat or Tarapith.
Temple of Devi Maulishka
It is said that Sage Bamakhepa had first attained his enlightenment at Maluti in front of Devi Maulishka and then at Tarapith in front of Devi Tara. So Devi Maulishka is referred to as the elder sister of Devi Tara.
The trident and conch of Bamakhepa is still preserved here in a temple named after him.
Most of the villagers stay at different places due to their job. But during the Kali Puja, all of them come to their visit to celebrate the Puja with great pomp and grandeur.
We first came to know about Maluti from Rangan Datta's blog – who has inspired us to explore the unknown Bengal.
We also thank Gopaldas Mukherjee for his vivid description of the history of Maluti .
A forgotten village
Kakanmath Temple, Hidden Gem of Morena – Ruins that Defy Gravity
I was looking at the yellow mustard fields as we drove on the almost deserted roads through the fields. My eyes had been searching for another temple after our visit to Mitawali. And then I chanced upon it from a distance standing amidst yellow mustard field. From the...
Bateshwar Temple Complex, Morena – Symphony on Stones
There is a typical charm about ruins, old stones and buildings. The stones and ruins all seem to narrate a story – the stories of the past, their heydays and so much more. We have a special attachment to these old and ancient structures. We love to visit ancient...
A Ekka on 22/02/2020 at 4:06 am
The information I needed,I got here. But why you didn't recommend the government Lodge..
Agni & Amrita on 24/03/2020 at 10:04 am
Thank you. When we visited, the government lodge was not working. Thanks for pointing it out. We will include the details now.
Pinaki Biswas on 27/06/2017 at 2:33 am
Nice description and photoframing.. It wll enrich the travelrs. I have visited there in May '17. I was biking from Bharampur to Dumka and having no prior knowledge regarding Maluti. Suddenly follow the board of Jharkhand Government near Shikaripara forest… and decided to visit that historical place!
Rangan Datta on 02/10/2015 at 12:10 pm
Dear fellow backpackers Agni and Amrita, nice to know that you have visited the amazing temple village of Maluti.
Thanks for the acknowledgment but people like Gopaldas Mukherjee deserves something more than acknowledgement and thanks. A big thank you for sharing the efforts of Gopaldas Mukherjee in your blog.
Thanks once more and keep travelling and blogging .
2_backpackers on 02/10/2015 at 4:32 pm
Thank you Rangan Da… We are inspired by you and have started our endeavor. Keep visiting our blog and leave your valuable comments and criticism, so that we can do it in a better way.
We also agree that Gopaldas Mukherjee and Maluti deserves much more.


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Items where Author is "Perdikis, Serafeim"
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Tonin, Luca and Perdikis, Serafeim and Kuzu, Taylan Deniz and Pardo, Jorge and Orset, Bastien and Lee, Kyuhwa and Aach, Mirko and Schildhauer, Thomas Armin and Martinez-Olivera, Ramon and Millan del R., Jose (2022) Learning to control a BMI-driven wheelchair for people with severe tetraplegia. iScience, 25 (12). p. 105418. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105418
Perdikis, Serafeim and Leeb, Robert and Chavarriaga, Ricardo and Millan, Jose del R (2021) Context–aware Learning for Generative Models. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 32 (8). pp. 3471-3483. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.3011671
Cunha, Jose Diogo and Perdikis, Serafeim and Halder, Sebastian and Scherer, Reinhold (2021) Post-adaptation effects in a motor imagery brain-computer interface online coadaptive paradigm. IEEE Access, 9. pp. 41688-41703. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3064226
Perdikis, Serafeim and Millan, Jose del R (2020) Brain-Machine Interfaces: A Tale of Two Learners. IEEE Systems Man and Cybernetics Magazine, 6 (3). pp. 12-19. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/msmc.2019.2958200
Bevilacqua, Michele and Perdikis, Serafeim and Millan, Jose del R (2019) On Error-related Potentials during Sensorimotor-based Brain-Computer Interface: Explorations with a Pseudo-Online Brain-Controlled Speller. IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology, 1. pp. 17-22. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/ojemb.2019.2962879
Noel, Jean-Paul and Chatelle, Camille and Perdikis, Serafeim and Jöhr, Jane and Lopes Da Silva, Marina and Ryvlin, Philippe and De Lucia, Marzia and Millán, José del R and Diserens, Karin and Serino, Andrea (2019) Peri-personal space encoding in patients with disorders of consciousness and cognitive-motor dissociation. NeuroImage: Clinical, 24. p. 101940. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101940
Krauth, Richard and Schwertner, Johanna and Vogt, Susanne and Lindquist, Sabine and Michael, Sailer and Almut, Sickert and Lamprecht, Julian and Perdikis, Serafeim and Corbet, Tiffany and Millan, Jose del R and Hinrichs, Hermann and Heinze, Hans-Jochen and Sweeney-Reed, Catherine (2019) Cortico-muscular coherence is reduced acutely post-stroke and increases bilaterally during motor recovery: a pilot study. Frontiers in Neurology, 10 (FEB). 126-. DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00126
Corbet, Tiffany and Iturrate, Iñaki and Pereira, Michael and Perdikis, Serafeim and Millán, José del R (2018) Sensory threshold neuromuscular electrical stimulation fosters motor imagery performance. NeuroImage, 176. pp. 268-276. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.005
Perdikis, Serafeim and Tonin, Luca and Saeedi, Sareh and Schneider, Christoph and Millán, José del R (2018) The Cybathlon BCI race: Successful longitudinal mutual learning with two tetraplegic users. PLoS Biology, 16 (5). e2003787-e2003787. DOI https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2003787
Randazzo, Luca and Iturrate, Iñaki and Perdikis, Serafeim and Millán, José del R (2018) mano: A Wearable Hand Exoskeleton for Activities of Daily Living and Neurorehabilitation. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 3 (1). pp. 500-507. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/LRA.2017.2771329
Perdikis, Serafeim and Tonin, Luca and del R. Millan, Jose (2017) Brain racers. IEEE Spectrum, 54 (9). pp. 44-51. DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2017.8012239
Perdikis, Serafeim and Leeb, Robert and Chavarriaga, Ricardo and Millán, José del R (2015) Context-aware learning for finite mixture models. Working Paper. Arxiv. (Unpublished)
Jin, Zhenyu and Bourban, Fabien and Leeb, Robert and Perdikis, Serafeim (2022) Quantifying the impact and profiling functional EEG artifacts. In: IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC) 2022, 2022-10-09 - 2022-10-12, Prague, Czech Republic.
Krueger, Johanna and Krauth, Richard and Reichert, Christoph and Perdikis, Serafeim and Vogt, Susanne and Huchtemann, Tessa and Durschmid, Stefan and Sickert, Almut and Lamprecht, Juliane and Huremovic, Almir and Gortler, Michael and Nasuto, Slawomir J and Knight, Robert T and Hinrichs, Hermann and Heinze, Hans-Jochen and Lindquist, Sabine and Sailer, Michael and Millan, Jose del R and Sweeney-Reed, Catherine M (2022) Functional electrical stimulation driven by a brain–computer interface in acute and subacute stroke patients impacts beta power and long-range temporal correlation. In: 2022 IEEE Workshop on Complexity in Engineering (COMPENG), 2022-07-18 - 2022-07-20, Florence, Italy.


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Hospital Standardized Mortality Ratio (HSMR)
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(The following description comes from the source organization.) This indicator measures the age-standardized rate of acute care hospitalization due to injury resulting from the transfer of energy (excluding poisoning and other non-traumatic injuries…


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Boosie Badazz Biography
You might have heard of Boosie Badazz, but do you know his full biography? Then read on to learn all about this American rapper's life and career. Born in Chicago, Illinois, he rose to fame with his debut album, "Youngest of da Camp". As part of hip-hop collective Concentration Camp, Boosie penned and produced more than 10 studio albums and 42 mixtapes. Although he was convicted of drug charges as a child, he has earned a net worth of $800 million.
Boosie Badazz is an American rapper
Torence Ivy Hatch, better known by his stage name Boosie BadAzz, is an American rapper. He began rapping in the 1990s as part of the hip hop collective Concentration Camp, and in 2000, he began his solo career with the release of the album Youngest of da Camp. Though his rap career began at an early age, he has remained active and prolific since then.
Born in 1982 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Boosie Badazz signed with Atlantic Records in 2014. His debut single "Show Da World" quickly rose to the top of the charts. He has appeared on songs by 2 Chainz, Dorrough Music, and DJ Mustard. In addition to rapping, Boosie has also acted, appearing in a recent independent film based on the life of an underground fight club owner.
He has collaborated with artists like Lil Boosie
In 2006, Lil Boosie released his major label debut album, Bad Azz, which featured the single Zoom, featuring Yung Joc and Webbie. the same year, Boosie released a DVD, which detailed the death of his father due to drugs and his fight with diabetes. In December, Boosie released the mixtape Street Iz Mine, which featured a guest appearance from Webbie.
Torrence Hatch was born on November 14, 1982, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and later became known as Lil Boosie. He was a member of the Baton Rouge rap scene, but later switched to hip-hop music and earned his name. The artist grew up in the South and is currently serving a four-year sentence at the Louisiana State Penitentiary for drug possession.
He was convicted of drug charges as a child
Earlier this year, the rapper was arrested in Newnan, Georgia, on felony drug charges. Local police officers searched his car and found marijuana, as well as a loaded 9mm handgun. Boosie was arrested with the former New York Jets player, Antonio Allen. In addition to drug charges, the rapper was indicted on federal murder charges. However, he did plead guilty to the drug charges.
In 2010, he was arrested for first-degree murder, as well as possession of narcotics with intent to distribute. The charges were very serious and, if found guilty, Bossie could have received the death penalty. However, the rapper was acquitted of all charges. The rapper was sentenced to eight years in prison in 2011 and was released in 2018. He continues to face drug charges today, however, and has completed his parole.
Rapper Boosie Badazz has earned a sizable fortune over the years. He began his career as part of the hip hop collective Concentration Camp. After his release from the camp, he started his own entertainment label, Bad Azz. Recently, he claimed to be planning to sue Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg for $20 million over the alleged use of the Academy Stadium for the 2022 European Championship. Regardless, the rapper has earned a good fortune from his music career, his business ventures and his TV shows.
Regardless of the controversy surrounding his net worth, the rapper has managed to secure some high-profile endorsement deals. His rap music has spawned a line of clothing and a vodka called Boosie Juice. The rapper has even launched a line of headphones titled Badazz audio. The rapper earned an estimated $6 million from his rap beef with NBA superstar Scotty Cain and his music videos. Moreover, Boosie is planning to sue Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg for $20 million in December 2020. This news will not help him, however, since he has blocked his profile on Instagram.
He has type 1 diabetes
The young rap sensation has a unique connection with the disease. His mother had type 1 diabetes when she was a child and spoke about it with XXL magazine in 2008. Her mother, Dorothy Whelchel, is a certified CoActive life coach and has traveled to India twice with Rescue:Freedom. The singer and entrepreneur has even entered the food industry. He has launched an all-natural vodka brand, Boosie Juice, and a line of potato chips called Lil' Boosie Louisiana Heat. Boosie has managed to keep his health at the forefront of his career.
Boosie Badazz's infamous leg-loss has made him a public figure in the music world. In November 2020, he was shot in Dallas, Texas, during a vigil for his late associate Mo3. The rapper was injured by a bullet, but fortunately, it was not life-threatening. He was treated at a local hospital and was eventually able to perform. However, he is currently in urgent need of diabetes medication.
His son Michael Jordan Hatch
If you're curious about the father of the rap star Boosie BadAzz, you're not alone. There are several celebrity sons of famous rappers and actors, and Michael Jordan Hatch is no different. His father, Boosie Badazz, is one of them. His son, Michael Jordan Hatch, is an internet sensation. Here's the scoop on his upbringing. Click Here to know more about Michael Jordan Hatch.
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From the 2012 Dirty Dozen bike ride – why not take the tandem bike out for a spin on the 13 steepest hills in Pittsburgh?
I have been known to head out to watch some of the more unusual sporting events that have stopped in Pittsburgh. For the record, watching the weighin for the Bass Masters tournament live was far more exciting then one would think. A few years ago, in my effort to participate in all things Pittsburgh, I convinced a few friends to join me on the Saturday after Thanksgiving to stand in the freezing cold and snow to watch the Dirty Dozen bike race.
The Dirty Dozen bike race has been taking place on the hills of Pittsburgh on the Saturday after Thanksgiving for the past 31 years and will take place for the 32nd time this Saturday. The race was started by Dan & Tom Chew and Bob Gottlieb back in 1983 as a way to show off the steepest hills in town. You can read more about the history of the Dirty Dozen bike race here.
The race is fun to watch but please be careful! For many of the hills there is not a lot of extra space for spectators and spectator parking. From my experience, it is hard to get to every hill. If you want to watch. I would pick a few hills to visit to watch the race. That way you will have plenty of time to get from one hill to the next and not have to worry about rushing.
If your only going to go to one hill… you will probably want to check out Canton Ave in Beechview. This is hill number 9 and I am guessing the riders won't get there until after noon. While there aren't published times for the race, I'd keep an eye on Twitter #DirtyDozen – I am sure there will be some spectators tweeting the race and you can get a sense of where the riders are on the course.
A complete route guide with driving and bicycling directions is available online here.
From the 2011 program It's Pittsburgh and a Lot of Other Stuff by Rick Sebak.
According to this press release the Pittsburgh based Cycling Fusion will have 9 cameras livestreaming the Dirty Dozen bike ride.


Based on: 10-Q (filing date: 2019-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2018-12-13), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-08-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-05-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-12-15), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-08-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-05-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2016-12-15), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-08-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-05-26), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2015-12-09), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-08-20), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-05-21), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2014-12-17), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-08-21), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-05-22), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2013-12-04), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-08-22), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-05-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-02-21).
Inventory turnover An activity ratio calculated as cost of goods sold divided by inventory. Applied Materials Inc.'s inventory turnover deteriorated from Q3 2018 to Q4 2018 and from Q4 2018 to Q1 2019.
Receivables turnover An activity ratio equal to revenue divided by receivables. Applied Materials Inc.'s receivables turnover improved from Q3 2018 to Q4 2018 and from Q4 2018 to Q1 2019.
Working capital turnover An activity ratio calculated as revenue divided by working capital. Applied Materials Inc.'s working capital turnover deteriorated from Q3 2018 to Q4 2018 and from Q4 2018 to Q1 2019.
Average inventory processing period An activity ratio equal to the number of days in the period divided by inventory turnover over the period. Applied Materials Inc.'s average inventory processing period deteriorated from Q3 2018 to Q4 2018 and from Q4 2018 to Q1 2019.
Average receivable collection period An activity ratio equal to the number of days in the period divided by receivables turnover. Applied Materials Inc.'s average receivable collection period improved from Q3 2018 to Q4 2018 and from Q4 2018 to Q1 2019.
Operating cycle Equal to average inventory processing period plus average receivables collection period. Applied Materials Inc.'s operating cycle improved from Q3 2018 to Q4 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from Q4 2018 to Q1 2019.


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One-on-One with the Latest Recruit Eliminated from the Blue Team — Worst Cooks in America
Get the exit interview from the latest recruit sent home from the Blue Team on Worst Cooks in America.
By: Joseph Erdos
Show: Worst Cooks in America
Photo by: Heidi Gutman ©2014, Television Food Network, G.P. All Rights Reserved.
Heidi Gutman, 2014, Television Food Network, G.P. All Rights Reserved.
This season on Worst Cooks in America, 14 new helpless home cooks have joined the ranks to be mentored by chefs Tyler Florence and Anne Burrell. Split into the Blue and Red teams, they'll face new cooking challenges every week, honing their skills until just two finalists (one from each team) remain to face off in one final cook-off, the winner of which will walk away with $25,000 in cash, along with bragging rights for his or her mentor. Unfortunately, however, every week the two lowest-scoring recruits will be kicked out of Boot Camp, losing the chance to win the prize money, but leaving with new skills they've learned from their mentors.
FN Dish has the exclusive interviews with the eliminated recruits from the Red Team and the Blue Team.
This week not only were the recruits cooking a multi-component breakfast, but they also had to work as a team in order to pull off a three-course dinner for their mentors and special guests, former Boot Camp recruits. Although Sharif did well in the Skill Drill challenge, when it came to managing his team in the Main Dish challenge, things didn't work out so well. The pork roast ended up undercooked in the center, and so did the sticky toffee cake. In the end the captain went down with the ship and Sharif was sent packing.
FN Dish: During the breakfast demo you seemed really confident, but at times it looked like you might not have been paying attention to what Tyler was doing. What was going through your mind?
Sharif: I think my confidence arose from the confusion on my fellow contestants' faces. I know I'm more than capable of following simple instructions, and when I saw that Genique and Sarah were overwhelmed, I began to feel more at ease. … What was going through my mind was, besides from my Foreman grill, my second area of expertise is breakfast, so it was sleepy time for Genique and Sarah.
Your omelet turned out better than your French toast, but it seemed like during the challenge you spent more time focusing on the French toast. What happened?
If there's one thing I don't enjoy eating or cooking, it's anything to do with sweets. French toast was very unfamiliar territory for me. Eggs, on the other hand? I can whip some up while sleepwalking. So my primary focus was making sure the French toast looked somewhat edible and appetizing.
Were you overwhelmed by having to cook an entire dinner in the main challenge? And how did you feel being the team leader?
At first I was very overwhelmed with all the instructions and lack of demos for the main dish. I knew I had a strong team with me that was capable of brilliant things. At this point of the competition, Sarah, Genique and I have proved we can have what it takes, so I felt comfortable cooking as a team. On the other hand, being the team leader instantly gave me the impression that if I messed up in the slightest, that I would be the one eliminated. The chefs weren't in the kitchen to survey us, so if Chef Tyler wasn't satisfied with our efforts, then I would be the one to blame.
You and Genique were helping each other during both challenges that day, but in the main challenge you two seemed to exclude Sarah from decisions. Why was that?
I've loved Genique from the first time we met, and from there we've clicked and helped each other throughout the competition. I wouldn't say Sarah was excluded at all, but I knew certain things needed to get done in the kitchen and I assigned instructions accordingly to whom I thought would do a better job.
At elimination Tyler said that the captain must go down with the ship, implying that the undercooked pork and cake were because of your mismanagement. Did you agree with his decision? How did you think you managed your team?
I absolutely disagree with Chef Tyler's decision. I do understand that if you nominate yourself to lead a team, you are responsible for the outcome. I followed directions exactly. I put the pork in the oven exactly the amount of time it was recommended. When I took the pork out, Chef Tyler put a thermometer in the pork, and told me it was raw and to cut it in half and stick it back in the oven to try and salvage it with the time left. In doing so, I cut my finger open and had to get it bandaged up. … I had a hand in every dish except the cake, trusting my teammates could handle it. That was out of my control. I think I did an amazing job managing my team.
What's the best piece of advice you got from Tyler during the competition?
The best advice from Chef Tyler was definitely to taste your food throughout the cooking process to ensure seasoning included a balanced mixture of salty, sweet, acidic and spice. Even though he had a problem with my cayenne pepper addiction that will not change anytime soon. I put that stuff on absolutely everything. I even throw some in my water.
Are you going to try your hand at cooking again?
Heck yeah. Since leaving the show, I've come to really enjoy cooking. I throw dinner parties a few times a month now. I went from eating takeout to rarely eating out. I'm nowhere near the same person I was coming into this competition, and I have Chef Tyler and Chef Anne to thank.
Find out which recruit was eliminated from the Blue Team on Worst Cooks in America, Season 8.
Find out which recruit on the Blue Team was eliminated in Episode 2 of Food Network's Worst Cooks in America.
Find out which recruit was sent home from the Blue Team in Episode 4 of Food Network's Worst Cooks in America.
Find out which Boot Camp recruit went home from the Blue Team on Worst Cooks in America, Episode 6.
Find out which recruit from the Blue Team was eliminated in Episode 3 on Worst Cooks in America.
Our 10 Most-Popular Recipes Right Now 10 Photos
SpoonUniversity.com


Trivial and boring Christmas decorations belong to the past! Already in this season, it is worth starting a new era of creative decorations for the public spaces – giant, glowing baubles from the TerraChristmas collection will be perfectly suitable for it.
At home, Christmas decorations often surprise with their originality, reflecting residents' characters. Also, an individual idea for the Christmas decoration can be easily transfer into the cities: large baubles are available in three basic colors, however, they can be adjusted to some specific requirements. Then just add a little bit of brocade and the whole space will glitter…A wide range of colors, sizes and ways of finishing will make every space distinctive and unique.


Welcome to FaveCentral, your local Utica business pages. Top categories range from Utica Home Services to Utica Lawn and Garden Equipment Stores. Review businesses in Utica, jump to nearby towns in Minnesota.
Utica has 24 company profiles within 16 categories. Our Utica users rated 16 of these Utica companies as excellent or good and 8 companies in Utica as average. Utica business pages are currently viewed by 6 visitors.


We tried to drive up to the snow today on the Catalina Highway. The road was too treacherous and crowded for us to get out and play -- though I did snare Skylar a bowl of snow to eat -- but we had lots of fun walking next to the waterfalls of Molino Canyon.
It's so rare for there to be much flowing water in the desert, so you have to bask in the roar when it comes.


Mount Zion Baptist Church - Over 150 Years of Sharing Christ With Our Community - Wondering About God?
Have you ever wondered why we feel so separated from God? There seems to be an enormous chasm between God and us because of our sinful nature and His perfection. Without God's intercession, that chasm would be impossible for man to cross on his own, but thankfully, Christ dying on the cross has solved this problem for us. To learn more, read Problem Solved which follows below.
Saying the sinner's prayer is simply a way of declaring to God that you are relying on Jesus Christ as your Savior. There are no "magical" words that result in salvation. It is only faith in Jesus' death and resurrection that can save us. If you understand that you are a sinner and in need of salvation through Jesus Christ, here is a sinner's prayer you can pray to God.


Our Sunday School has won again!
Revival House Sunday School has done it again!!! They are the winners of this year Sunday schools competition .To the glory of the most high God, the children gave their best at the annual Children Proclaiming for Jesus Sunday School competitions (CP4J)which sees children from various churches perform in songs and drama competitions. The children entered the stage in style with a Rugby Haka move saying WHO ARE WE? WE ARE REVIVAL HOUSE! HOSANNA TWAIMBA HOSANNA HOSANA TWASIFU HOSANNA! Their energy wooed the judges and the audience. Revival House trains the children in Godly principles that they will uphold in life.


text:
Posted infamilies
Promoting the natural family is 'not in the public benefit'
by Carolyn Moynihan Sep 6, 2018 Apr 19, 2020 / 5 mins /
New Zealand's foremost family advocacy group, Family First, faces losing its charitable status after a judgement from the High Court finding that its purposes and activities are not predominantly for the public good. Coming after a five year battle in the wake of the country's legalisation of same-sex marriage, the judgement points to the quiet erosion of free speech rights in the new environment.
Family First intend to take their case to the Court of Appeal, but the odds against it are mounting.
According to Justice Simon France the organisation's "core purpose of promoting the traditional family unit cannot be shown to be in the public benefit in the charitable sense" under the relevant law.
Family First, he says, is primarily engaged in advocacy for "a specific viewpoint" about "family," (note his avoidance of the definite article). This, "to the extent it involves law change favouring the traditional family unit, would on its face run counter to human rights law which prohibits discrimination on such bases. Unless able to be shown to be a reasonable limit, the position advocated for would be unlawful, an obstacle to charitable status."
Although a previous court decision about Greenpeace (NZ) allowed that advocacy, as such, is not a disqualification for charitable status, Justice France said such cases were "scarce, and seem increasingly limited to purposes of almost universal acceptance." In other words, saving whales by challenging ships on the high seas is considered a good thing by most people, while the traditional family is not.
The Child Poverty Action Group is acceptable to the Charities Board, but a group that advocates the family "form" that prevents poverty (as the evidence shows) is not. Amnesty International New Zealand Inc is considered charitable although it advocates for abortion rights – that is, destroying family members; likewise the NZ Drug Foundation, which would have far less work to do at much less cost to the public if children were raised by their own, married mother and father.
These and other groups operate in a similar way to Family First, which supports their right to exist and be recognised as part of freedom of expression and open debate in a civil society. Yet only the family organisation is treated as a pariah.
Assumptions about 'public benefit'
This is the second time that Family First has gone to court to fight deregistration by the Charities Board. The board first moved against the group in 2013 after the legalisation of same-sex marriage in New Zealand. Family First had campaigned against the law change, advancing arguments for the natural or traditional model of marriage and the family, just as other groups with charitable status had advocated for change.
The High Court at Wellington in 2015 accepted Family First's submission that this type of advocacy made it "analogous to organisations that have advocated for the 'mental and moral improvement' of society…" in the past. Justice Collins directed the board to reconsider deregistration in this light, even though its members "may personally disagree with the views of Family First…" However, he left open the question of whether Family First's purposes "are for the benefit of the public."
Well, they are not, say the board and Justice France.
They were, back in 2007 when the organisation gained its charitable status, and for the next five years. Now, according to the court, advocating for the legal pre-eminence of the traditional family is probably against the country's anti-discrimination law. As for its other purposes, such as reversal of laws legalising prostitution and banning smacking of children, along with opposition to abortion – these are even less likely to be in the public benefit. Furthermore, its many educational reports – packed with the findings of published studies – are merely, with one exception, "a series of publications promoting a cause."
A fatal vagueness about 'family'
Justice France is by no means against "family". It's just "the family" he has a problem with. He gives weight to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and related instruments that refer to "the family" as "the natural and fundamental group unit of society," and finds:
"Each of these important international documents recognises the centrality of family to society, and declare it to be the natural environment for child rearing."
Family First pointed out that the New Zealand Families Commission (2003 – 2018) had been established to promote awareness of stable family relationships, the importance of the parenting role and the rights and responsibilities of parents. A growing body of research points to the family based on marriage (in the traditional sense) as more likely to achieve these aims.
The fate of the Families Commission is instructive here. Required to treat families based on civil unions or de facto partnerships as equal to those based on marriage (not to mention other variations), it achieved very little. In 2014 it was restructured and renamed the Social Policy Research and Evaluation Unit, but neither its new focus nor the cute nickname Superu could save it from being abolished by the new Labour Government this year.
The commission's fatal vagueness about what a "family" actually is, reflects recent laws and is shared by Justice France as well as officialdom. "Leaving aside any attempt to limit the definition of family," he says, "I consider a purpose of promoting the benefits of a stable family unit for society would likely to be charitable." If Family First's purposes were solely to promote "the role" of the family "unit" it would have a much stronger claim to charitable status.
But it is simply not true that every kind of unit raising children can be made stable – at least, not without enormous expenditure of public resources, and probably not even then, since more than money is involved in keeping the parents of a child together, or supporting a mother on her own. There is solid evidence, anyway, that cohabiting parents break up more often than those who are married.
So there's a basic dishonesty in the judge's agnosticism about what "family" is. If the laws of the land are askew on this vital point, he should point it out. How can the question of what is in the public interest regarding family advocacy be decided when virtually any combination of children and adults that fits into a house can be called "family"? When there is no accepted norm? This is the point made by Family First board member Bruce Logan:
"The position of the charities board (and now the High Court) is incoherent. It confuses metaphor with reality. Any discussion of the family must presuppose that it can be defined. That definition until recent times has always been accepted to be the natural or traditional family. It's not possible to talk about alternative families, different kinds of families without first having a primary model."
Family First will appeal the High Court's decision, with its narrow view of what is in the public benefit. The organisation — and probably the majority of New Zealanders who have not been cowed by diversity dogma and the slur of homophobia – regards marriage between one man and one woman "a perfectly legitimate and reasonable point of view, as indeed it has been for millennia."
There is a more than funding involved, it points out: "The importance of freedom of expression and open debate in a civil society are ideals every New Zealander should be defending."
But with the legislative and bureaucratic environment stacked against them, they will need the vocal support of ordinary Kiwis to demonstrate the public benefit of their case.
Carolyn Moynihan is deputy editor of MercatorNet.
Carolyn Moynihan
carolyn.4@mercatornet.com
Carolyn Moynihan is the former deputy editor of MercatorNet	More by Carolyn Moynihan
Tagged: family, New Zealand, non-profits


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Places In Hogwarts
In the time of the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry the characters of Harry Potter and his friends are enrolled in the school. The Wizarding World has the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft & Wizardry as its primary setting. It is a fictional British school for children aged 11-18.
The Hufflepuffs are among the least popular of the houses, but they have left an indelible impression on the Harry Potter world. The Hufflepuffs are renowned for its kindness, loyalty and willingness to assist. They are hardworking and dedicated. It's not surprising that they are described as the home of the best witches and wizards.
One of the most significant characters in the Harry Potter franchise is Newt Scamander Hufflepuff, a Hufflepuff. He was a magizoologist of the highest caliber and was loved by everyone. When he was detained and sentenced to death He was never angry. He remained calm and focused, and fought his way out of the situation.
During the first year at Hogwarts students are assigned a house according to their characteristics. The Sorting Hat does the heavy lifting, putting students in the most appropriate House to challenge them. It's a great way to test out your strengths and weaknesses.
The Sorting Hat is clever and magical. It was invented by J.K. Rowling and pays tribute to the magician's hat that belonged to Godric Gryffindor. It also serves to determine the students who will be placed in the Hogwarts Houses , as decided by the Founders of Hogwarts.
The Sorting Hat also serves various other tasks, in addition to determining which house a student should be assigned. It is able to read the wearer's thoughts and respond to wearer's thoughts, and even speak to the wearer. It is also used to determine the House the student is a member of, and to present the Sword of Gryffindor to those who are worthy of it.
During Harry's time at Hogwarts, the Room of Requirement played a pivotal role in the series. In addition to it providing Harry with his first (and final) horocracy and a horcrux, it also served as the location the location where Voldemort's lost diadem was hidden. The Room of Requirement was so mysterious that it took Dumbledore nearly a whole year to discover its dark past.
The room also houses a variety of oddball artifacts including the Sorting Hat, which is an artifact that is sapient. The hat also contains the legilimen, a device that uses legitmization to read minds. While this is a harder task than the majority of wizards would have you believe, it has been done by a small group of.
Salazar Slytherin was the founder of Slytherin. The founder of Slytherin was known to be ambitious and self-protective. Slytherin also gained a bad reputation for being self-centred and violent. Slytherin actually had the highest number of Death Eaters.
The Slytherin common area was located beneath the Black Lake, and had rough stone walls and silver lamps hanging from the ceiling. It is famous for its breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains.
Slytherin was a noble House and Gryffindor was well-known for its competition with Slytherin. Hufflepuff was the least noble of the four houses. It was known for its values in loyalty, patience , and dedication to work.
Hogwarts is the school where students go to stay during the academic school year. Students live in dormitories and sleep in large four-poster beds. Professors instruct students. Students are able to socialize at the tables in the House. Notice boards are placed in strategic locations around school.
Whether you're a Harry Potter fan or simply interested in the world of magic The Library at Hogwarts has a lot to offer. It houses thousands of books. However it also has a section that is only accessible to students who have given written permission. This section is located on the lower floor of the library.
The library is divided into five stories of bookshelves. The main room is the one in the first. It is lit by natural light via stained and leaded glass windows. The ceiling measures 65 feet high.
The headmaster's office is on the second floor. It also houses the Charms classroom. The third story has the Reading Room. The Reading Room is the only room in the library that is completely silent. It is a collection of study tables, upholstered in red-carpeted rooms. Under the study tables are outlets.
The Deathly Hallows, despite its reputation as a fantasy novel , is a real story about three former Hogwarts students that are trying to escape Voldemort at Godric's Hollow. The plot centers around the final battle between Harry Potter, Voldemort, and others.
This is the seventh volume in the Harry Potter series, and is the final chapter in the tale of the boy wizard. It was published on July 21, 2007 by Bloombury Publishing Company and translated into 120 languages. It is the most loved fantasy ever, with over 500 million copies sold around the world.
Five short stories are included in the book. Many of the stories are based on the Deathly Hallows story.
Hogwarts, a magical school for young wizards, is located in the Scottish Highlands. It was founded in the 10th century, it was established to protect wizards from Muggle persecution. Hogwarts is one of the most sought-after private boarding schools in the UK. The Forbidden Forest surrounds the school, often referred to as the Dark Forest.
Hogwarts is full of secrets. Some of them are kept from view by the outside like the Chamber of Secrets. Other locations are well-known and widely used for example, the Leaky Cauldron restaurant and Gringotts Money Exchange.
Salazar Slytherin constructed the Chamber of Secrets before he left Hogwarts. It was intended to purge Hogwarts of students born to the Muggle race. Voldemort believed he had won the final battle and intended to force all of Hogwarts students into Slytherin. However, he died before he was able to complete his plan.
The Chamber of Secrets lies deep beneath Hogwarts school. It also houses to the ancient Basilisk. The Chamber is left open after Dumbledore's army is trampled. It contains floor cushions for defensive spells as well as Dark Detectors. The Chamber also houses an embodied memory of Tom Riddle, who was murdered by Harry Potter.
Two serpents are also found in the Chamber of Secrets. They have been carved into the solid wall of the Room. They have eyes that are emerald. They are believed to have been summoned by Tom Riddle. They also have the ability to create the Devil's Snare, a large snake that attacks anyone who is in the Chamber. The Chamber is also home to the snake-scratching tap. Fang is a massive boarhound that is black, lives in the Chamber. Fang is more friendly than Mrs. Norris.
The dungeon houses the Slytherin dormitory. The room is green and has carvings on the armchairs. It also houses the statue of Salazar Slytherin. The room is furnished with green lamps and the room has a greenish glow.
The Hufflepuff dormitory is a cozy bright and sunny space with low ceilings. It has plants hanging from the ceiling. It also has a huge space for gathering. The animal that is housed in the house is the badger. The badger is believed to be a symbol of family gatherings. The House also has a ghost known as Nearly Headless Nick.
There are a few shortcuts to take you from the school to the castle. They aren't always readily accessible however. These are usually concealed by tapestry or a hidden entrance. Some of these shortcuts are only known to members of the House. The secret entrance of Hufflepuff is hidden behind barrels. It's also under the spell, so tap the barrel with a rhythm to let a slimy chute.
The Dark Room is the place where Dumbledore's Army gathers. It is the site of numerous battles in the Harry Potter series. It is also where Dumbledore makes his argument for Harry's protection. It also contains floor cushions for defensive spells and also volumes of Defence Against the Dark Arts.
There are also secret entrances to four House dormitories. These entrances are secret from the outside and require a password. These entrances are only used by members of the House.
Return To Hogwarts Wikipedia
What Are The Hogwarts House Colors


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Scottish Trades Union Congress
News and Notes from the Centre for Unions in Scotland
Challenging poverty through trade unions and collective action
On the fifth day of Challenge Poverty Week 2018, Francis Stuart from our Policy team looks at how labour market trends are contributing to poverty in Scotland, and why rebuilding trade union power is key to tackling inequality.
Much has been made of Scotland and the UK's 'record levels of employment'. Yet real wages remain lower than they were ten years ago and one in ten workers are in insecure forms of employment such as zero-hour contracts, temporary work and low-paid self-employment. More still are underemployed – working part-time but seeking more hours.
These labour market trends feed into the picture of poverty in Scotland today.
More than one in five people in Scotland live in poverty. The likelihood of being in poverty is higher still for women, lone parents, ethnic minorities, and disabled people and their families.
In-work poverty is also on the rise, increasing from 440,000 in 2011-2014 to 540,000 in 2014-17.
That paid work is no longer a guarantee against poverty should concern us all. So how can we address this?
Well a good place to start, whether you are a policymaker or a professional, an activist or an academic, would be to promote trade union membership and collective bargaining coverage.
There is a strong body of evidence to show that high trade union membership and collective bargaining is associated with lower levels of economic inequality. This can be seen historically in the UK where inequality, particularly at the extreme end, has risen at the same time as trade union membership has fallen.
Trade union membership and top 1% share of income in the UK
It can also been seen across the developed world, where countries with higher collective bargaining arrangements, have lower levels of extreme inequality.
Collective bargaining and top 1% share of income in EU countries (2010)
While the current labour market and trade union membership trends are concerning, they aren't fixed. Trade union membership levels only began to fall in 1979 due to a concerted and deliberate political attack by Government and elites. It can be undone through workplace organising and political support from outside the workplace.
Rising poverty isn't predetermined either – it is driven by low-paid, precarious work; high housing costs and a diminishing welfare state. Yes addressing these issues requires policy change from Government but, as the link to trade unions shows, it also requires institutions and political movements that fight for that change.
Positively, there are a range of inspiring efforts underway. Only yesterday, workers at Wetherspoons, TGI Fridays, McDonald's, Uber Eats and Deliveroo walked out on strike in a day of action coordinated by trade unions.
Later this month more than 8,000 Glasgow City Council workers – mostly women carers, cleaners and caterers who've been historically discriminated against – are set to strike after Unison and the GMB members overwhelmingly voted to take industrial action over equal pay.
Out with the trade union movement, a number of anti-poverty groups, disabled peoples groups and groups such as Living Rent, are led by those with first-hand experience of challenging those responsible for discrimination and exploitation.
Let's learn the lessons from these organisations and movements. Not to stop making the case for policy change but to ensure that it is sustained by a fundamental transformation of the power dynamics within our economy.
Challenge Poverty Week is organised by The Poverty Alliance. Find out more about their work here.
October 5, 2018 stucblog
STUC website
A tale of two COPs November 18, 2021
Trans Awareness Week November 16, 2021
A recovery that does not explicitly rebuild the damage done to LGBT+ communities will be another failure of government. February 18, 2021
Trans rights in Scotland: where is the progress? February 12, 2021
10 Years of the STUC LGBT+ Committee February 5, 2021
We need to move away from a sterile tactics-driven referendum debate to one which is driven by the economic and social change February 4, 2021
Do you have Fair Work? September 23, 2020
An Unequal Crisis: The Fight For Disabled People Goes On August 19, 2020
Challenging Poverty: The Mitie cleaners' fight for the Real Living Wage October 9, 2019


It seems ironic that in a world where food manufacturers are required to label foods with calorie information that people's waistlines are still expanding. Even restaurant foods are now starting to list the calories in their food. Surely with all this information we would be better at losing weight??
BUT… it's just not popular to count calories – many diets systems even use this as a selling feature. You'll even see "no calorie counting" on my website for the Metabolic Balance programme that I offer (so I am not immune to the trend). Check out the major slimming companies and you'll see their websites touting "no counting"…as if counting calories is the route of all evil. What's that all about? Why wouldn't we want to be more aware and conscious about the calories in our food?
Love it or hate it calorie counting reveals the food habits that are causing you to gain weight. I am not proposing that you count the calories in your food for the rest of your life but doing it for a few weeks will reveal some interesting information about where you have been going wrong until now. It can help you make food swaps so that you feel full and satisfied whilst still losing weight.
If you're not convinced, here's my challenge to you. For the next three days just count the calories in your snacks, drinks and desserts. Don't worry about your other meals for now. Why snacks, drinks and desserts? Well, these are usually the best place to start cutting back on calories to lose weight. The key to start losing weight is to consume less calories than you are eating now.
© 2019 Personalised Weight Loss.


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"""

Given a string S of lowercase letters, a duplicate removal consists of choosing two adjacent and equal letters, and removing them.
We repeatedly make duplicate removals on S until we no longer can.
Return the final string after all such duplicate removals have been made.  It is guaranteed the answer is unique.

Example 1:

Input: "abbaca"
Output: "ca"
Explanation:
For example, in "abbaca" we could remove "bb" since the letters are adjacent and equal, and this is the only possible move.  The result of this move is that the string is "aaca", of which only "aa" is possible, so the final string is "ca".

Note:

1 <= S.length <= 20000
S consists only of English lowercase letters.

"""

class Solution:
    def removeDuplicates(self, S: str) -> str:
        stk = []
        for a in S:
            if stk and stk[-1] == a:
                stk.pop()
                continue
            stk.append(a)
        return ''.join(stk)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Ellijay's Heath Pack had fished only 11 FLW tournaments before he qualified for the T-H Marine BFL All American. But he's made the most of them.
Heath has 6 Top Ten finishes, one tournament win (Hartwell in May) and won more than $20,000. More than that, he finished 9th in this year's All American, catching 39 pounds of bass at Cross Lake in what is perhaps the most prestigious and long-standing tournament for weekend anglers. Heath not only finished second in the competitive Savannah River division, he and his partner are ranked 74th out of 225 in the Alabama Bass Trail's tough Northern Division standings, so he, like so many Georgia Big Sticks, has had success in both Georgia and Alabama.
Heath grew up in Blue Ridge, Georgia and is very familiar with all the mountain lakes. He's also fished the hyper-competitive Chattanooga Bass Association (CBA) trail where all tournaments are on Chickamauga, a.k.a. 'The Chick'). Cutting his tournament teeth on the Tennessee River for nearly five years (including fishing with top pro Michael Neal) helped prepare Heath for the success he's had in his fishing career.
Heath has been a factor in the BFL tournaments. "I was fortunate enough in the Lanier Regional (last October) to take the Day 1 lead with 14 pounds," said Heath. "But Day 2 the lake got slick calm and I had a bad day with about 8 pounds. I didn't make the right adjustments." But Heath made the right adjustments on Day 3 and came back with 11 pounds in the regional and finished sixth. Heath says that Lanier, like many lakes, fishes different in the fall. "Lake Lanier is a totally different deal in October, and you can tell by the weights, too," Heath told georgiabigsticks.com.
Heath is no newcomer to tournament bass fishing. He was featured in a GON column nearly 11 years ago on Blue Ridge, and you can read about his successful mountain-lake strategies here at gon.com.
We asked Heath to share with us his experiences on Cross Lake last month and what baits worked best.
"It was a great week. I did not pre-fish, just did a lot of research on-line and looked at past tournaments. I kind of figured it would be a one-big-day event. I had about 7 bites so there weren't a lot of bites. When I talked with Rob (Georgia Big Stick Rob Jordan, who finished seventh) he was catching 16-17 pounds a day. I felt like going in I knew I had to expand what I was doing. It was more main lake oriented. I just didn't think with the amount of pressure in the cypress field that it could hold up. The first day of the tournament I only saw about 3 or 4 boats. I think I caught 7 fish the first day, with a couple of culls [Heath caught 20-3 on Day 1]. I still felt okay and caught a few on day two but my fish weren't replenishing. I had about 13 pounds on Day 2 and thought I wasn't going to make it. I lost a four pounder that day and I was fishing top water. But I made it to ninth place, so when Day 3 started I ran some new water, but I never got a bite on anything twice. After about 12:30 or so on the main lake, you just couldn't get a bite so I headed to the cypress field. We were fishing in 91 degree water and the fish just simply got dormant. I was talking to Randy [Deaver, a Louisiana resident who finished second] and he said that the oxygen levels get so low that they just don't want to exert any energy at all. Of course, at the time, I didn't know any of that. I probably lost two fish that day and weighed four fish. Another thing that happened is that they dropped the water down two feet so all those fish pulled out into the cypress field so there was a lot more in there than I knew about at the time (I wish I had known that before). Those two guys who finished first and second live there, so they are fishing it each year. It would be like them coming to Hartwell. But I'm happy with what happened.
I threw topwater a lot. I threw the black medium sized Whopper Plopper for the first two hours in the morning. I burned it on my Kistler Rods, which is my rod sponsor and my 8:1:1 Tatula reel. On up in the day I'd flip a Strike King Rage Bug and a Z-Man Palmetto bug in black and blue and silver flash. I tried other baits but most of my bites came on these baits. Remember most of my bites came in 12-16 inches of water.
Heath told us that he is planning to fish the final BFL two day event at Lanier. And then there's a two-day Skeeter Trail event later in the fall. And he is planning on fishing two BFL divisions in 2019. "I'm going to fish the Savannah Division and the Bulldog next year," said Heath. He'll continue to fish the Alabama Bass Trail, which ends in October on Neely Henry.
Heath Pack after taking the first day lead on Lanier's regional tournament last fall. Here are two that were part of his Day 1 sack of 14-10.
Heath with two beauties that were part of a 30-pound sack on north Georgia's Lake Chatuge.
Heath and son Clay at the All American weigh-in.
Heath and his co working the docks at Cross Lake. The Ellijay angler finished ninth at the All American, taking home a check for $9,000.