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House Democrats just introduced an ambitious plan to take on prescription drug prices
The proposal would enable the HHS secretary to negotiate directly on as many as 250 drugs a year.
By Li Zhou Sep 19, 2019, 9:00am EDT
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Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) departs a signing ceremony for a newly passed budget agreement at the US Capitol July 31, 2019, in Washington, DC.
Win McNamee/Getty Images
House Democrats have officially introduced their big prescription drug pricing plan, but it's unclear just how much traction it can get in a divided Congress.
Speaker Nancy Pelosi unveiled the proposal on Thursday in a bid to address one of Democrats' chief 2018 campaign promises: Last fall, lawmakers across the country pledged to bring down the increasingly exorbitant prices voters face for different medications.
According to a summary shared by Pelosi's office, the Democrats' proposal would mark a major shift in the way prescription drug prices are set in the US by empowering the federal government to directly negotiate drug prices for Medicare recipients as well as others purchasing the drug.
Under current law, the Health and Human Services Secretary is barred from engaging in negotiations for prescription drugs covered by Medicare, an arrangement established in 2003 as part of the Medicare Modernization Act that set up Medicare's prescription drug benefit. Presently, private plans that offer Medicare Part D benefits negotiate drug costs independently. But they often lack the leverage to secure the kinds of reductions the government may be able to obtain, given its bargaining power.
Although President Donald Trump has previously expressed interest in getting something done on drug prices, it's not certain this Democratic plan is something he will get behind. The Democrats' proposal would significantly expand the government's role, a move that many Republicans have been wary of in the past. It's one of several plans lawmakers have floated to curb prescription drug prices, and the latest sign of just how much voters are pushing this issue.
House Democrats' plan, briefly explained
House Democrats' plan has been through quite a few iterations to get here — and it ultimately reflected input from across the caucus, including pushback leaders previously faced from the party's progressive wing.
The final bill enables the HHS secretary to negotiate the prices of as many as 250 drugs annually, a much higher number than the 25-drug threshold the speaker's office had outlined in one of the earlier versions of the plan. Additionally, it would penalize companies that do not negotiate with HHS with a fine that starts at 65 percent of a drug's gross sales from the prior year. For every quarter that the company does not engage, the penalty goes up by 10 percentage points, until it hits 95 percent of a drug's gross sales.
The drugs the HHS Secretary would prioritize under the plan are ones that are currently most costly to Medicare and the broader health care system, which do not have competition in the form of a generic or biosimilar. These drugs would be identified based on their price and volume of sales and at least 25 would be negotiated on each year.
Whatever price is negotiated by HHS will be available to individuals covered by private plans, not just those covered by Medicare. The prices of drugs in other developed countries will be used as a reference point to ensure that negotiations result in a price that's no more than 1.2 times the average price in six other places.
The proposal would also address pricing hikes that have been applied to different drugs covered by Medicare Part B and D, requiring companies to either undo any increases that surpass the rate of inflation or rebate the entirety of those hikes since 2016 to the Treasury. Additionally, the plan would cap out-of-pocket prescription drugs costs for those covered by the Medicare Part D to $2000 annually. Currently, there is no cap.
In the past, outlines of the proposal had included a role for the Government Accountability Office to serve as a go-between between the HHS secretary and companies if no price could be reached. That tenet spurred concern from progressives, who've long opposed the involvement of a third party in the process. The final bill does not include such a role.
Action on prescription drug pricing is picking up momentum
Pelosi's plan is just the latest sign of growing momentum on this front: Prescription drug prices are increasingly a central focus for both Democrats and Republicans, largely because so many voters have raised it as a major priority.
According to a 2018 poll from Kaiser Family Foundation, 63 percent of voters think there is not enough regulation on drug prices, including 72 percent of Democrats and 53 percent of Republicans. What exactly Congress will pass, however, remains an open question.
Right now, there are a whole lot of options on the subject to choose from.
Plans from progressive House Democrats including Rep. Lloyd Doggett would go further than the Pelosi proposal and enable manufacturers to produce generic drugs to compete with existing ones, if pharmaceutical companies didn't lower their prices. Others, like a bipartisan Senate bill from Sens. Chuck Grassley (R-IA) and Ron Wyden (D-OR) that's advanced out of the Finance Committee, would go narrower, targeting a piece of the problem by capping out-of-pocket costs Medicare recipients pay for prescription drugs and curbing price hikes that are higher than the rate of inflation.
Several 2020 Democratic candidates including Sens. Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, and Kamala Harris have also proposed their own plans to take on the issue. They include efforts to adjust US drug prices based on the prices in other developed countries and strong penalties if companies are overcharging US consumers.
Voter pressure around the topic — and the ability to score a victory ahead of the 2020 election — are major factors pushing lawmakers to get something done.
Momentum for the bill depends on Trump, but the politics are complicated
Interestingly enough, this is an issue where Democrats and Trump have previously agreed — though the president's position hasn't always been the most reliable.
Although Trump has said he supports more government intervention when it comes to reducing drug prices, multiple proposals he's pushed including a plan to reduce out-of-pocket drug costs for older individuals have hit roadblocks.
It also doesn't help that this is a policy area where Trump's positions have clashed with long-standing Republican ones. While Trump has been more open to federal pricing oversight, Republicans have long chafed against this due to ties to the pharmaceutical industry and the party's commitment to so-called "light-touch" regulation.
Trump's interest has provided Republicans some cover to back away from their historic position of protecting pharmaceutical business interests, said Brendan Buck, a partner at Blue Engine Media who had previously advised former House speaker Paul Ryan.
"The president has totally shuffled the politics on this issue in a way that's pretty remarkable," Buck previously told Vox. "The new willingness for Republicans to take on drug companies just didn't exist five years ago."
Trump, however, has yet to reveal whether he supports House Democrats' proposal. And even if he does, it's not certain that backing would be enough to win over Senate Republicans.
There's also an ongoing question of whether Democrats would even want to work with Trump on a bipartisan option. Although the passage of effective prescription drug pricing legislation would be a helpful win for Democrats ahead of 2020, granting Trump this victory isn't something lawmakers are particularly keen to do.
Experts tracking the issue think the most likely action on the subject will be a more narrow measure from the Senate that incrementally addresses the problem.
"With the current configuration of the Senate, you're not going to get legislation through there that's aggressive enough to make a lot of people happy in the Democratic side," George Mason University health policy professor Len Nichols previously told Vox.
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The curve shows very significant a.c. noise, which was smoothed by a 5-point smoothing routine available in the recorder software and the smoothed curve is included in figure 22. The smoothed curve is also shown expanded to full scale together with the logarithm of the expanded curve. From the slope of the linear portion of the logarithmic curve the time constant of the sensor could be calculated and was found to be about 2.5 s. A time constant of this magnitude is completely unacceptable for high speed liquid chromatography as a complete separation can be achieved in a period commensurate with the time constant of the cadmium sulfide detector.
Solid state photo sensors are much faster than the cadmium sulfide photo resistor but the fastest sensor appears to be the photo multiplier, such as the IP-28 or similar type. The same experiment was carried out using the photo multiplier and the decay curves obtained are shown in figure 23. It was found necessary to operate the light source on d.c. as the 60 Hz noise was so great it swamped the sensor response.


I was so lucky to have the opportunity to shoot NY Bridal Fashion Week at the beginning of October. Love Inc. invited me to join in on 18 runway shows, presentations and previews in 3 days! With a quick turnaround and delivering on same day edits, I slept probably close to 4 hours of sleep each night. But it was sooo well worth it! Front row seats at runway shows and catching glimpses of what's on the newest trends to hit the runways was incredibly exciting.


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Topaz Jones
Don't Go Tellin' Your Momma
New Funk Academy
Black Canopy
by Eric Torres
Editorial Producer
The Montclair, NJ-based rapper follows his breakout debut with an expansive, funk-embroidered recollection of his childhood, complete with an accompanying 35-minute film.
On his 2016 debut, Arcade, Topaz Jones offered a bright-if-brief introduction to his quick-witted personality. His biggest hit was the pop-rap single "Tropicana," whose lopsided hook showcased his slippery songwriting and love of funk. Despite that, Jones bristled at the track's success ("I was petrified of being labeled as the 'Tropicana' guy," he explained). In the five years afterward, the artist dug deep into his roots in Montclair, New Jersey, and drafted a screenplay for an audiovisual project about his upbringing there. On the expansive result, Don't Go Tellin' Your Momma, Jones builds on his reflective, funk-embroidered hip-hop to chronicle his formative years with confidence and hard-hitting storytelling.
In the album's accompanying 35-minute film, co-directed by Jones and creative team rubberband., he crafts a semiotics lesson in Black cultural history, spliced together with dreamlike staged sequences, clips from home movies, and interviews with family members, teachers, activists, and artists including Black Thought and Ivy Sole. The short, which won a Sundance Jury Award earlier this year, updates the Black ABCs, an educational program started in the 1970s by Chicago teachers and the Society for Visual Education to educate Black youth through illustrated flash cards. Jones's version—"C" is for code-switching, "I" is for intellectual property, and so on—is a concise framing device for his coming-of-age tales and musings on education, family, and music, aided by beautifully filmed depictions of Black identity and culture from all along the East Coast to flesh out the album's more introspective themes.
The album itself evokes Jones's youth through spoken-word segments from family members and lively, well-defined details in sound and lyrics. During a family gathering that takes place in "Herringbone," reminiscences of cookouts past are lit up by rhythmic bass guitar, synths, and pattering drums. The soulful instrumentation avoids pastiche even as Jones mines influences like Sly and the Family Stone and Funkadelic, with his voice pitched up on the chorus and a gimlet-eyed ending to his reverie: "You know we just imitate what the parents show/The bad habits, the trust issues, the marriage woes/We inherit those."
That brooding, introspective side gives the album tension even in its brighter moments. Jones goes back to high school on the sunny "D.I.A.L.," landing on different pockets of rhythm against horns, a shuffling beat, and washes of electric guitar. While recounting his hard-nosed adolescence missing class and getting into fights, a moment of clarity arrives. "I'm cycling through memories/Hindsight is 20/20 clean," he admits. "Now you got me backpedaling/Psychiatrist not helping me/Your childhood not so heavenly." It's the kind of brisk analysis that typifies the album, open-hearted even as he tackles self-doubt.
Jones's stories are amplified by the warm, easygoing backdrops. The relaxed pace lets Jones zoom in and out of conflicts, whether calling out overbearing performances of masculinity and the way he's conformed to them himself on "D.I.A.L." and the lustful "Black Tame," or later leaning into a free-wheeling, surreal self-portrait on the standout, freestyle-like "Buggin'." Over a scuffed beat, Jones raps with veering flow switch-ups about seeing a spider on the wall and imagining a day in its life, all to land on a universal truth no matter who or what you are: "If you not light on your feet, you might get crushed next."
Don't Go Tellin' Your Momma only errs when Jones runs into the occasionally clunky punchline ("Counting every second like they sang for Rent," "Everybody want the plug, I'd rather be the adapter"). Still, Jones is clearly operating at a more thoughtful and focused level here than on Arcade. "I think I'm finally finding me/My whole life it's been hide and seek," he confesses on the cinematic "Mirror." All across this album, Jones makes that self-discovery evident with light-footed ease.
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Blog: Phillis Engelbert
Phillis Engelbert is co-owner of The Lunch Room, a vegan food cart operating in Mark's Carts in downtown Ann Arbor. She is also publicity and events coordinator for Mark's Carts and the associated, upcoming Bill's Beer Garden. Prior to becoming a vegan foodie and small business owner, Phillis worked for 25 years as a community organizer, writer, and nonprofit administrator.
Phillis cut her activist teeth as a student organizer at the University of Michigan in the 1980s. After graduating with degrees in biology and natural resources, she moved to Washington, D.C. where she co-coordinated the national march against the first Gulf War. Back in Ann Arbor in the 1990s, she was a union organizer for the Graduate Employees Organization and a writer and editor for AGENDA monthly magazine. For the latter half of the 1990s, as a new mother, she wrote 28 volumes of textbooks and reference books for the Gale Group on science and social science topics. In the early 2000s she was a founder and the first executive director of Michigan Peaceworks.
Phillis Engelbert - Most Recent Posts:
Posted By: Phillis Engelbert Posted: 4/26/2012
As Mark's Carts in Ann Arbor demonstrates on a daily basis, food carts build community. A food cart is as small and local as a business gets, and it relies on local connections to operate. We food cart vendors purchase our ingredients from individuals and small businesses, we personally sell the food that we make with our own hands, we know our customers' names – and frequently much more than that about them, we bring people together with food and music, and we constitute a community unto ourselves. This post is about our "food cart community" from my vantage point at The Lunch Room.
The first step in our process is ordering food, itself an exercise in community-building. For example, we call Glenn at By The Pound for cashews and chocolate chips; Linda ("Mama Mofoods") for hummus; Mark at Snow Farms for maple syrup; Ken at Michigan Soy Products for tofu; and Jacob at Avalon Breads for slider buns. We stop by the People's Food Co-op to place a bulk orders for tamari and gluten-free flour then move on to Farmer's Market where we visit various local organic farmers to order cabbage, greens, carrots, peppers, broccoli and the like.
Making the food comes next. Food prep in a shared kitchen is special kind of community-building experience. Cart vendors/cooks share space on worktables, the stovetop, ovens, and sinks. As we find ourselves short of ingredients we make trades: flour for peanuts; dried sage for a cookie; a cucumber for two apples. People keep an eye on each others' burners to keep pots from boiling over. The ancient Hobart 20-quart mixer gets used for pizza dough by A2 Pizza Pi and then for cookie dough by The Lunch Room, before San Street takes its turn to make buns.
Shift to the courtyard where we cart vendors work quickly to stock our carts with food. In between runs back and forth to the kitchen, we cooperatively arrange picnic tables and umbrellas, wipe down tables and chairs, and empty trash and recycling cans.
As lunch hour approaches, a couple of young jazz musicians show up, open a case for tips, and begin to play. Patrons trickle in, then that trickle becomes a stream and sometimes a flood. It is common to see visitors eat their way around the courtyard: they visit one cart for a sandwich, another for a drink, and a third for soup, then pick up dessert on their way out. Every day brings wide-eyed newcomers for whom cart owners are happy to describe not only their own food, but also the food of every other cart.
When patrons come to The Lunch Room window to order, we exchange pleasantries and chit chat. We know many of our customers by name or at least by face, and make an effort to learn new names every day. Sometimes "how are you?" leads to news of triumph and tragedy, for instance a new job or relationship, the birth of a grandchild, an engagement, or even a divorce or death of a loved one. During slow times we sit with our patrons and talk, enjoying each others' company and joking around or talking through life's challenges. I am convinced that many people come to the courtyard as much for spiritual nourishment as for the food type.
With lunch rush over, the cart operators work together to empty trash cans and wash down picnic tables. We visit with each other and make lunch swaps: a pizza for BBQ tofu sliders; a chaat for a wrap; a cup of soup for a piece of pie. Someone cranks up the Motown or Lady Gaga on their outdoor speakers and an impromptu dance party begins. Everyone enjoys the mid-afternoon lull before work speeds up again.
Back in the kitchen, cart people swap stories and suggestions while washing dishes and preparing dinner. Carters think of ways to boost each others' sales, such as: "Add bread sticks to your menu" or "A potato salad would go great with your grilled cheese" or "Your new spicy hot sauce is out of this world; put it on your tofu." Across the kitchen, Cheese Dream's Jordan teaches Beet Box cooks how to make a balsamic vinegar reduction. Meanwhile, Debajo del Sol and The Lunch Room place a shared order of aluminum foil sheets and food preparation gloves. Nick from A2 Pizza Pi offers to fill everyone's cart tires with his air compressor. Ji Hye from San Street plugs in her ipod and there's more music and dancing.
Community-building just doesn't get any better than that.
My food cart is one of the first you see as you enter Mark's Carts: it is a wood-paneled cabin-like structure called The Lunch Room. Although not posted anywhere on the cart, it's an open secret that The Lunch Room is vegan. Our lack of announcement reflects the split reaction to the word "vegan." For vegans or vegan-leaning vegetarians, discovering a vegan eatery is a cause for celebration. For many other people, it can mean "lettuce and sprouts" or "don't eat here."
The Lunch Room serves vegan food because its owners (myself and business partner Joel Panozzo) are vegan. We have given up meat by choice and dairy by necessity (we are both lactose intolerant)… ergo vegan. We also believe that a plant-based diet is healthiest. But we do not accept that veganism means giving up exciting or hearty food. The mission of The Lunch Room is to provide fresh, healthy, plant-based and mouth-watering delicious food that satisfies and leaves you planning your next visit. Our food offerings are meant to appeal to a universal audience: Pad Thai; BBQ tofu sliders; chili; hummus & red pepper wraps; kids' meals; biscuits, "sausage," & gravy; and desserts including cookies, pies and ice cream sandwiches attract not only yoga instructors, but also construction workers.
Being a vegan in Washtenaw County, particularly in Ann Arbor, while still challenging, is a lot easier than in many other places. Here there are a handful of restaurants that cater to vegetarians and vegans. There is an abundance of fresh, locally grown produce and a community-supported agriculture movement that links consumers directly with farmers. And there are vegan social and activist networks one can join. Of course, eating out is still a challenge. Dinner with a group of friends often means ordering the one thing on the menu that can be made vegan by the elimination of several ingredients (think taco salad without the ground beef, shredded cheese or sour cream). But compared to much of the Midwest, Ann Arbor is a vegan mecca.
If national indicators are correct, veganism is entering the mainstream. Many celebrities, most notably Ellen Degeneres, Bill Clinton, and Alicia Silverstone, have taken the leap. From 2004 to 2010, the search term "vegan" saw a huge increase according to Google trends. There have been several well-publicized cases of super-athletes going vegan. And a vegan diet has gained the stamp of approval of dietetic and medical associations. Veganism does appear to be on the rise. At The Lunch Room we are excited to ride and promote this wave.
It's food cart time again! March 30th marked the opening of season 2 at Mark's Carts. While the Michigan spring weather has been typical -- one day it's 70 degrees and sunny and the next it's blustery and snowy -- the vibe in the food cart courtyard has been nothing short of magical. Even on the coldest, rainiest days you will find smiling people taking leisurely lunches, sharing picnic tables with strangers. Large crowds have already filled the courtyard on several occasions.
Five of the six carts that finished out season one have returned, lending stability and continuation to Mark's Carts. These veterans, which include Darcy's Cart, Debajo del Sol, Hut-K Chaat, The Lunch Room and San Street, were last year's trailblazers, building a customer base and creating a reputation for Mark's Carts as a place of good food and camaraderie. The arrival of three additional carts -- A2 Pizza Pi, The Beet Box, and Cheese Dream -- has provided a welcome infusion of energy and new, innovative food concepts.
While there are individual food carts dotting the perimeter of U-M campus, Mark's Carts is Ann Arbor's, and Washtenaw County's, only food cart courtyard. Starting a food cart or truck is not cheap or easy. It typically means navigating a maze of health department regulations and city ordinances. Plus there are significant start-up costs for the cart or truck itself, equipment, and licensing. A set-up like Mark's Carts helps food entrepreneurs in two ways: since the courtyard is situated on private property, it eliminates the need for the sidewalk occupancy or peddler's permits from the city. Mark's Carts also provides a support network for novice food cart operators; they benefit from the experience of already licensed food cart vendors.
There are a few measures that would make it easier for individual food carts or groupings like Mark's Carts to open in Washtenaw County. Perhaps most importantly, prospective cart operators need guidance. I personally have met with numerous people who had questions about where to get a cart, how to get licensed, how to obtain their food safety certification, and even how to find the appropriate city and county licensing offices. The second thing that would help would be a fee structure that gave a break to mobile food units. At present, getting licensed costs the same as if one was opening a small restaurant. And finally, cities need one-stop shopping for food sales permits; whether on the street or sidewalk or municipal property. At present, the process involves multiple offices and permits.
This winter I had the opportunity to visit Portland, Oregon, which has over 600 food carts. The carts exist in groups (called "pods"), from six or eight to over 50, and singly or in pairs in vacant lots or corners of parking lots scattered throughout the city. According to food cart proprietors with whom I spoke, licensing is easy and the local authorities encourage food carts. The carts operate year-round, even in the months of relentless rain. The presence of so many food carts, with such a diversity of food types, was universally liked by the random Portland residents kind enough to speak with me. The carts are a defining characteristic of Portland as a quirky, innovative city where small-time entrepreneurs thrive and the possibilities are endless. With a little encouragement, a food cart movement could flourish here too.


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Insider: Archie Miller 'anxious' as his first IU team takes shape
Zach Osterman
BLOOMINGTON – Archie Miller is anxious.
Indiana's basketball coach is about to spend the best portion of July on the road, building IU's future at AAU tournaments across the country. But that means he's leaving Bloomington just as his first IU team starts to take shape, and it isn't sitting well.
"You wish you had a little bit more time with them," Miller said Tuesday, "because you get your juices flowing a little bit, once you start to see the possibilities or whatnot of all the different guys."
Miller's Hoosiers are counting down the last three weeks of the on-campus portion of their offseason. Freshmen have been in Bloomington for the best part of a month, and at the end of this one, everybody will be sent home for a brief break before the fall semester begins.
• MORE: Archie's deal makes him among nation's top-paid
Most of the last month has been spent working with Clif Marshall, IU's director of athletic performance. But Miller and his coaching staff are allowed a limited amount of court time with their players, per a rule change enacted a few years back.
Thus, the summer has also meant a new start, as Miller begins to install his offense and defense, the latter perhaps more appealing to IU fans frustrated by inconsistency at that end of the floor.
What is Miller's defensive philosophy?
"Just aggressive," senior guard Robert Johnson said. "You want to get after people. A lot of help-side, a lot of simple things, but just making sure you stay consistent and be really aggressive."
If that sounds as much theoretical as practical, it's only because it is.
Not for the first time this offseason, Miller pointed out Tuesday that his freshmen have something of an unusual advantage this summer. Where they are normally the ones learning everything for the first time, now they are at least in one way on equal footing with everyone else — everybody is learning together what to expect from IU's new coach, and how to live up to his standards.
"Everyone's at ground zero," Miller said.
Installation will continue into the fall. Eight hours per week won't be enough time for Miller to get his team up to speed schematically.
• RECRUITING: IU makes Rob Phinisee a PG priority
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But there was one topic about which everyone — truly, everyone — who met with the media Tuesday stayed in lockstep and on message.
"There won't," junior forward Juwan Morgan said, "be any questions about leadership — at all."
A topic of great consternation during a tumultuous and frustrating 2016-17 season, leadership is something of a catch-all phrase.
It means communicating effectively so that less-experienced players are better prepared. It means showing younger teammates what's expected of them. It means holding one's self and one's teammates accountable for all of these things.
Whatever it meant to Indiana last year, it was sorely lacking. When Collin Hartman went down with a knee injury, common wisdom held, Indiana lost its primary source of on-court leadership, and spent the winter anchored near the bottom of the Big Ten.
"That annoying guy that you always hated hearing, but you knew he was right," Morgan said Tuesday, describing Hartman's impact. "That's what we always missed last year."
Hartman is back for a fifth and final season. He was cleared for full contact Sunday, though Miller and his staff have been cautious about bringing the Cathedral alum back into basketball activity, not seeing much point in risking aggravation — or worse, re-injury — right now.
• HARTMAN: Once unsure he didn't belong, he's proven indispensable
• RECRUITING: Looking at IU's 2018 targets
But even with Hartman returned to the locker room and restored to the court, his teammates insist those qualities of his they perhaps took for granted last year are going to be spread around this time.
"It really starts with the older guys," Miller said. "A fifth-year kid like Collin, you look at Rob's experience level, you watch Juwan going into his third year, not to single anybody out, but those three guys have been fantastic with their voices."
Assembled media heard from IU's top seven returning players Tuesday. First Morgan and De'Ron Davis, then Johnson and Josh Newkirk, then Curtis Jones and Devonte Green, and finally Hartman.
Among that group are three seniors, a junior, four returning starters (from either last season or the one before) and probably IU's starting five this season.
Miller will know better than us, at least right now. He's five weeks from the start of the fall semester and can easily count the number of days left with his players on the summer calendar.
But he talks like a man with a firmer sense now than five weeks ago what kind of team he has in his locker room for year one. And he's anxious to learn more.
Follow IndyStar reporter Zach Osterman on Twitter: @ZachOsterman.


text:
Amerindian History & Law
The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder and Other True Stories from the Nebraska-Pine Ridge Border Towns by Stew Magnuson, with a foreword by Pekka Hmlinen, with Series Editor John R. Wunder (Plains Histories Series: Texas Tech University Press)
The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder engages a number of key themes of current scholarship racism, masculinity, construction of cross-cultural spaces, historical memory without the interference of a heavy theoretical apparatus. Refreshingly, Magnuson doesn't place anything between his words and readers. His stories lie bare and thoroughly accessible. Pekka Hmlinen,
The long-intertwined communities of the Oglala Lakota Pine Ridge Reservation and the bordering towns in Sheridan County, Nebraska, mark their histories in sensational incidents and quiet human connections, many recorded in detail in The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder for the first time.
After covering racial unrest in the remote northwest corner of his home state of Nebraska in 1999, journalist Stew Magnuson returned four years later to consider the border towns' peoples, their paths, and the forces that separate them. Examining Raymond Yellow Thunder's death at the hands of four white men in 1972, Magnuson looks deep into the past that gave rise to the tragedy. Situating long-ranging repercussions within 130 years of context, he also recounts the largely forgotten struggles of American Indian Movement activist Bob Yellow Bird and tells the story of Whiteclay, Nebraska, the controversial border hamlet that continues to sell millions of cans of beer per year to the dry reservation.
Within this microcosm of cultural conflict, Magnuson explores the odds against community's power to transcend misunderstanding, alcoholism, prejudice, and violence.
As Pekka Hmlinen says in the foreword to The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder, the border towns that edge Indian reservations in places like Arizona or Nebraska are plagued by many of the same problems that haunt Tijuana or Matamoros. But while US-Mexico border towns figure prominently in popular culture, their reservation counterparts rarely enter the picture. Although quintessential American places, they are largely forgotten.
Told through layered stories that move back and forth in time and across the physical and mental borders separating Native and white communities, The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder is not conventional academic history. It is instead about the people drunks and petty criminals, Indian militants and exasperated state officials, journalists and shopkeepers, men, women, and children who occupy these peculiar American places and whose lives and histories have become irrevocably entwined.
The cumulative effect of the numerous individual stories Magnuson tells readers is devastating: they evoke a deep sense of sadness over the destitution, exploitation, fraud, racial hatred, sheer boredom, and alcohol-fueled aggression that permeate the lives of these border peoples. The book's broken temporal composition underlines Magnuson's notion that violence in the Nebraska-Pine Ridge border towns is historically conditioned and structural: the past, and peoples' inability to let go of the past, fuels an endless cycle of violence between Indians and whites even as the social space between the two groups grows narrower. In these stories all the protagonists are multifaceted. flawed, and profoundly human; whether Indians or whites, they all struggle and repeatedly fail to come to terms with each other's presence in their lives.
The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder spins against the way it drives. Even as the peoples of Sheridan County despise, scorn, exploit, assault, and kill one another, their lives, like objects slipping out of control, become more and more inseparable. Indians and whites coexist and, against all odds, somehow get along, sharing space they really don't want to share. This countercurrent is the source of the many unexpected stories Magnuson brings forth like that of a policeman who cares for a town drunk, an Indian, by regularly locking him up on freezing nights. A deepening interdependency marks the relations between Lakotas and white Nebraskans, and the book draws much of its dramatic thrust from the failure of so many from both sides to accept that fact.
While fixing its focus on the local, The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder does not ignore the larger developments influencing the history of Nebraska-Pine Ridge border towns. The U.S. government's repeated attempts to dismantle Lakota culture, the shock of the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890, the crushing poverty and hopelessness of Pine Ridge, the ascendancy of the American Indian Movement in reservations, the climactic 1973 occupation of Wounded Knee, and the post-Wounded Knee dirty war between AIM and Indian activists on the one side and the FBI and U.S. government on the other are all here. Other historians have discussed these events, but the book provides a look into the ways in which they played out at the grassroots level. Magnuson suggests a slow-burning conflict smolders: Nebraska-Pine Ridge border towns are battle zones, where the meaning of sovereignty and peoples' right to defend themselves against external exploitation remain undetermined.
A riveting and intricately textured retelling of a dreadful murder and its long history. Daniel M. Cobb, Western Historical Quarterly
In terms of artistry, The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder is a grand sweep of history told in the best tradition of literary journalism. Border town inhabitants come to life and past and present merge seamlessly. Carol Berry, Indian Country Today
A model of how local and regional history can and should be written. W. David Baird, Journal of American History
From readers looking for an informative read that flows like a well-written novel to researchers seeking information, this text is a valuable source. Jeanette Palmer, Studies in American Indian Literature
With lots of detail, The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder provides a rare look at the smoldering conflict between Indians and whites. Magnuson's mission is to reveal the full spectrum of human experience in the border towns' charged cross-cultural spaces, and in that he succeeds beautifully and compellingly. Although the topic is controversial and veiled by distorting layers of historical memory, Magnuson's approach is remarkably balanced. The Death of Raymond Yellow Thunder breaks new ground by bringing the story to the twenty-first century, and in doing so, it reminds readers that although it rarely makes headlines, racial violence between Indians and whites is still here.


The sndvol32.exe (Sound Volume) process provides a Volume Control icon in your System Tray through which you can control the volume of the audio output from your system?s soundcard.
The file size of the sndvol32.exe file is 138,752 bytes. As it is a Windows system file, by default, you will find it in the C:\Windows\System32 folder.
In the Open box, type mmsys.cpl and click the OK button.
Next, select Place volume icon in the taskbar and click OK.
?Windows cannot display the volume control on the taskbar because the Volume Control program has not been installed. To install it use Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel.?
What causes the sndvol32.exe error?
The above error occurs when the sndvol32.exe file is missing or damaged.
Installation of incompatible third-party sound card drivers.
Deletion of the file by mistake.
To resolve the above error and insert the Volume control icon in your System Tray, extract a copy of the sndvol32.exe from your original Windows installation CD. This is the only way of replacing the damaged sndvol32.exe file as it is not possible to download the file from the Internet.
Insert the Windows installation CD into your CD or DVD drive.
Next, click Start and then click the Run utlity.
Now, in the Open box, type cmd and click OK.
The Command Prompt window will be displayed.
Type the following commands one by one at command prompt and press Enter after each command to execute it.
In the above steps, E: drive is taken as the CD/DVD ROM drive. If your CD/DVD ROM drive is different than E then replace the letter E with the drive letter of your CD/DVD ROM drive.
system_root is a variable that refers to the path of the folder where Windows files are installed. By default, it is C:\Windows for Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7.
The Volume Control icon will now be visible in your System Tray and you can use it to control the volume of the audio output of your system?s soundcard.


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Whether you're ready to replace a stolen passport or this is your first attempt at getting your hands on a travel document of any kind, Travel Visa Pro is prepared to assist you with all of the paperwork. Our agents provide travelers with unmatched service, taking special care to get you your passport quickly so that you can begin your adventure sooner rather than later. Many people appreciate the convenience of heading to the post office to apply for a passport, but that process can take as long as eight weeks. Travel Visa Pro can have you ready to catch your flight in half the time. If that's not convenience, we don't know what is.
Wouldn't you rather kick stress to the curb and focus on planning your itinerary? Give our passport renewal agency in Margate the opportunity to give you a great travel experience. Come pay a visit to our Miami office to learn all about the services we provide!


text:
package org.jboss.pnc.bpm;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.jboss.pnc.common.json.moduleconfig.BpmModuleConfig;
import org.jboss.pnc.rest.restmodel.bpm.BpmNotificationRest;
import org.jboss.pnc.spi.exception.CoreException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;

/**
 * Parent type of all BPM tasks. Task is a representation of
 * BPM process execution, keeps track of the remote process instance
 * and handles notifications.
 * Class implements Comparable based on the taskId,
 * so they can be sorted at REST endpoint.
 * BPM tasks do not have to be thread safe.
 *
 * @author Jakub Senko
 */
@EqualsAndHashCode(of = "taskId")
@ToString
public abstract class BpmTask implements Comparable<BpmTask> {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BpmTask.class);

    protected static final ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();

    /**
     * This is an internal identifier, not one provided by BPM server.
     */
    private Integer taskId;

    private Long processInstanceId;

    @Getter
    private final List<BpmNotificationRest> events = new ArrayList<>();

    private String processName;

    protected BpmModuleConfig config;

    private Map<BpmEventType, List<Consumer<?>>> listeners = new HashMap<>();

    /**
     * Users OAuth token used to authenticate requests on remote services
     */
    private String accessToken;

    public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
        this.accessToken = accessToken;
    }

    public String getProcessName() {
        return processName;
    }

    /* package */ void setProcessName(String processName) {
        this.processName = processName;
    }

    /**
     * Get the name of the BPM process for this task.
     * Warning: The process MUST be asynchronous so it
     * does not block BPM manager.
     */
    protected abstract String getProcessId();

    /**
     * Provide parameters to the BPM process.
     * The JSON representation of this map will be available
     * in the BPM process as "processParameters" variable.
     * Some parameters, such as "taskId" are automatically added,
     * not into the "processParameters" variable, but 'one level higher'
     * and directly accessible
     * from process variables.
     *
     * @return a map of process parameters
     * @throws CoreException
     */
    protected abstract Map<String, Object> getProcessParameters() throws CoreException;

    /* package */ void setBpmConfig(BpmModuleConfig config) {
        this.config = config;
    }

    public Integer getTaskId() {
        return taskId;
    }

    /* package */ void setTaskId(int taskId) {
        this.taskId = taskId;
    }

    public Long getProcessInstanceId() {
        return processInstanceId;
    }

    /* package */ void setProcessInstanceId(Long processInstanceId) {
        this.processInstanceId = processInstanceId;
    }

    /**
     * Listen to notifications from BPM process for this task.
     *
     * @param eventType event to follow
     */
    public <T extends BpmNotificationRest> void addListener(BpmEventType eventType, Consumer<T> listener) {
        List<Consumer<?>> consumers = listeners.get(eventType);
        if (consumers == null) {
            consumers = new ArrayList<>();
        }
        consumers.add(listener);
        listeners.put(eventType, consumers);
    }

    /* package */ <T extends BpmNotificationRest> void notify(BpmEventType eventType, T data) {
        List<Consumer<?>> listeners = this.listeners.get(eventType);
        if(listeners == null) {
            listeners = new ArrayList<>();
            this.listeners.put(eventType, listeners);
        }
        log.debug("will notify bpm listeners for eventType: {}, matching listeners: {}, all listeners: {}", eventType, listeners);
        listeners.forEach(c -> {
            // Cast is OK because there is no unchecked method declaration to put wrong types
            ((Consumer<T>) c).accept(data);
        });
        events.add(data);
    }

    /**
     * Extend process parameters from the task with additional useful information,
     * such as pncBaseUrl and taskId, needed for notifications.
     * Before use, taskId MUST be assigned.
     *
     * @throws CoreException
     */
    protected Map<String, Object> getExtendedProcessParameters() throws CoreException {
        Map<String, Object> parameters = getProcessParameters();
        requireNonNull(parameters);
        Map<String, Object> actualParameters = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            actualParameters.put("processParameters", MAPPER.writeValueAsString(parameters));
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            throw new CoreException("Could not serialize process parameters '" +
                    parameters + "'.", e);
        }

        actualParameters.put("pncBaseUrl", config.getPncBaseUrl());
        actualParameters.put("repourBaseUrl", config.getRepourBaseUrl());
        actualParameters.put("taskId", taskId);
        actualParameters.put("usersAuthToken", accessToken);
        return actualParameters;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(BpmTask other) {
        requireNonNull(other);
        if (taskId == null)
            return other.getTaskId() == null ? 0 : -1;
        if (other.getTaskId() == null)
            return 1;
        return taskId.compareTo(other.getTaskId());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
You are here: Home / News / FAPC advisory board tours food bank
FAPC advisory board tours food bank
FAPC's Industry Advisory Committee met at the Regional Food Bank of Oklahoma to discuss food and agricultural issues and take a tour of the Oklahoma City facility on Nov 3, 2016.
By Mandy Gross, FAPC Communications Services Manager
(Stillwater, Okla. – Dec. 6, 2016) One in six adults and one in four children struggle with hunger in Oklahoma. The advisory board of Oklahoma State University's Robert M. Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center saw firsthand how the Regional Food Bank of Oklahoma is solving hunger in the state.
FAPC's Industry Advisory Committee recently met at the Regional Food Bank of Oklahoma to discuss food and agricultural issues and take a tour of the Oklahoma City facility.
"The Regional Food Bank of Oklahoma has an amazing facility, and FAPC's advisory board is appreciative of the food bank's willingness to host the committee for its fall meeting and learn more about the programs offered to combat hunger in our state," said John Patrick Lopez, chief operating officer of Lopez Foods and Industry Advisory Committee chair. "I'm pleased with the outcome of the board meeting and enjoy working with the other committee members and center faculty and staff."
The Regional Food Bank of Oklahoma, a member of the Feeding America network of Food Banks, is the largest private domestic hunger-relief charity in the state, providing enough food to feed more than 126,000 hungry Oklahomans every week, 37 percent of which are children.
In fiscal year 2016, the Regional Food Bank distributed 52 million pounds of food through a network of 1,300 charitable feeding programs and schools throughout 53 central and western Oklahoma counties.
FAPC has fostered a close relationship with the Regional Food Bank throughout the years and has provided assistance in developing food safety plans for the facility. In addition, the Food Bank has worked with Lopez Foods in utilizing Canadian bacon produced at the Oklahoma City plant.
"We would have never achieved USDA approval without the advisory help from FAPC," said Steve Kullberg, vice president of operations for the Regional Food Bank. "The collaboration has been extremely beneficial."
During the Nov. 3 meeting, FAPC Industry Advisory Committee members met with faculty and staff and heard updates about marketing the center, upcoming events, the food safety option available through the OSU Department of Animal Sciences' food science degree and a proposed food safety certification program.
"The committee members always look forward to hearing updates of how FAPC is meeting the needs of food and agricultural businesses," Lopez said. "FAPC is essential to what we do. It's important to understand how FAPC truly helps Oklahoma businesses."
More than 600 companies make up Oklahoma's food-processing industry, which accounts for almost 2 percent of the state's employment base, according to the Oklahoma Department of Commerce. Small companies make up the majority of Oklahoma's diversified food industry.
In the last 5-year economic impact study on 75 Oklahoma food businesses, FAPC was credited with generating more than $18 million in annual sales revenue. These companies were located in communities across Oklahoma from Guymon to Tahlequah to Ponca City to Ardmore, generating more than 350 jobs in these communities.
"FAPC is fortunate to have an advisory board that is invested in the future of the center," said Roy Escoubas, FAPC director. "The committee members understand the importance of FAPC and are continuously looking for ways the center can grow and better serve the food and agricultural industries."
Members of the committee are appointed by the speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives, the Senate president pro tempore and the vice president of agricultural programs for OSU's Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, of which FAPC is a part.
In addition to Lopez, other members of the committee include Luis; Edward Clements, Clements Foods of Oklahoma City; Erica Hering, Ralph's Packing Co. of Perkins; Scott Dvorak, Dvorak Farms of Perry; Joe Ford, Shawnee Milling Co. of Shawnee; John Griffin, Griffin Foods of Muskogee; David Howard, Unitherm Food Systems of Bristow; Virgil Jurgensmeyer, J-M Farms of Miami; Rodger Kerr, Southwest Technology Center of Altus; Tommy Kramer, Durant Industrial Authority of Durant; Max McDermott from deVine Water Co. in Jet; David McLaughlin, retired from AdvancePierre Foods of Oklahoma City; Philip Payment, Homeland Acquisition Corp. of Oklahoma City; Paul Schatte, Head Country Food Inc. of Ponca City; Mark Vaughan, Fresh Avenue Partners of Oklahoma City; and ex-officio Tom Coon, OSU's Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
The committee meets twice a year, usually in June and November. The June meeting is held at FAPC, while the November meeting is held off-site at the discretion of the committee.
- ### -
Oklahoma State University is a modern land-grant university that prepares students for success. OSU has more than 36,000 students across its five-campus system and more than 25,000 on its combined Stillwater and Tulsa campuses, with students from all 50 states and around 120 nations. Established in 1890, Oklahoma State has graduated more than 260,000 students who have been serving Oklahoma and the world for 125 years.


text:
Mustangs bring home bronze
Mustangs junior boys volleyball team takes bronze during provincial championship
Emanuel Sequeira
PRINCESS MARGARET MUSTANGS junior boys volleyball won bronze during provincials. The Mustangs are back row from left: co-coach Terry Major
Determined to finish top-three during junior boys volleyball provincials, the Princess Margaret Mustangs accomplished that last weekend.
They won bronze by defeating Langley Christian 25-14, 23-25 and 15-8 in Abbotsford at Mennonite Educational Institute.
They started the provincial championship with wins against Fraser Heights from Surrey and Centennial Secondary from Coquitlam, then lost what coach John Buckley described as a "meaningless match" to Steveston-London Secondary from Richmond.
In the first playoff round, the Mustangs were led to victory with strong middle attack kills and blocking from Rylan Potter and Kohl Linder. They then defeated scrappy College Heights from Prince George 25-23, 25-12. A quarter-finals cross over match with Earl Marriott from Surrey resulted in the Mustangs having a strong performance winning 25-13 and 25-16.
"That was our best team performance of the year for an entire match," said Mustangs co-captain Colton Van Camp in a release. Next up was host MEI, ranked No. 1.
Buckley preferred that three-set underdog match-up over a five-set final for the chance of a victory. Playing in front of MEI's home crowd and opening match pressure proved too much for the Mustangs. After losing 25-12, Buckley watched as his players regrouped to their power-hitting game. A back and forth battle resulted in a 25-23 loss.
"We had the top team on the ropes and if we could have closed out that game we could have scared them if it went three, as we were gaining confidence," said Buckley. "It came down to them being more experienced and better passers and servers as a team."
Co-coach Terry Major said the Mustangs can win provincials in a couple years. Buckley said the Mustangs' bronze medal win feels more like silver since they defeated rivals Kelowna Secondary School, who placed second in provincials, nine out of 10 times during the year.
The Mustangs placed 16th out of 24 teams. A two-set loss to Victoria's Oak Bay put the Mustangs in third in their pool. That also placed them in the bracket of 13th to 18th place.
"We played a little inconsistent and a little nervous and came out on the losing end 25-22 and 25-20," said Mustangs coach Rich Corrie. "Our strong serving, which has been a real weapon for us for most of the year, let us down a little bit, mostly due to nerves."
The Mustangs were more relaxed on Saturday. While the Mustangs lost to Seaquam of Delta and Kelowna Secondary, they won in straight sets over Langley Fundamental. Sydney McKinlay and Taylor Corrie were chosen as all-stars for the provincial tournament.
"I am really proud of the girls, they represented our school and city all year with great sportsmanship and class," he said.
Former Laker a key to Vikes
Soccer players get pro coaching


HOUJICHA is produced by mildly roasting quality SENCHA, which results in a tea that has an amber appearance.
It is highly aromatic and displays a smooth toasted flavour.
Brew: For the best method see how do you like your tea?


text:
Financial Markets Conduct (KiwiSaver) Amendment Regulations 2015
Financial Markets Conduct (KiwiSaver) Amendment Regulations 2015: revoked, on 15 September 2018, pursuant to section 547(4) of the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 (2013 No 69).
Reprint as at 15 September 2018
(LI 2015/182)
Jerry Mateparae, Governor-General
His Excellency the Governor-General in Council
These regulations are administered by the Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment.
Pursuant to section 547 of the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013, His Excellency the Governor-General makes the following regulations, acting—
on the advice and with the consent of the Executive Council; and
on the recommendation of the Minister of Commerce and Consumer Affairs made in accordance with sections 547(2) and 549 of that Act.
These regulations are the Financial Markets Conduct (KiwiSaver) Amendment Regulations 2015.
These regulations come into force on 31 July 2015.
These regulations amend the Financial Markets Conduct Regulations 2014 (the principal regulations).
In Schedule 1, replace the heading to clause 10 with "KiwiSaver definitions and references" .
In Schedule 1, clause 10, insert as subclause (2):
Until the close of 30 November 2016, in relation to a pre-transition KiwiSaver scheme,—
the following references in the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006 must be treated as references to the trustees of the scheme:
the reference to the manager in regulation 8(1):
the references to the supervisor in regulation 9(2)(c)(ii) and (iii):
the references in Schedule 1 of the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006 to supervisor fees must be treated as references to trustee fees.
In Schedule 1, heading to clause 11, replace "KiwiSaver Act 2006 provisions to" with "provisions of KiwiSaver Act 2006 and of regulations" .
In Schedule 1, after clause 11(1), insert:
Regulation 19 and Schedule 2 of the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006 (other than the item in Schedule 2 relating to section 131 of the KSA), as in force immediately before commencement, apply in respect of pre-transition KiwiSaver schemes until the close of 30 November 2016.
In Schedule 1, replace clause 11(2) with:
Section 123 of the KSA and regulations 5A and 5B and Schedule 1A of the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006, in each case as in force immediately before commencement, apply, as if the specified enactments had not been enacted, to a relevant scheme in respect of financial years that ended on or before the effective date.
However, for the purposes of subclause (2), in clause 5(1)(b) of Schedule 1A of the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006—
the reference to matters prescribed under section 228(1)(p) of the KSA must be treated as a reference to matters prescribed under section 228(1)(j) of the KSA (including matters that continue in force as if made under that section); and
the reference to guidelines published by the FMA under section 127 of the KSA must be treated as including any guidance published by the FMA that relates to the matters in section 118 of the KSA.
In Schedule 1, clause 11(3), revoke the definition of relevant regulations.
These regulations, which come into force on 31 July 2015, amend clauses 10 and 11 of Schedule 1 of the Financial Markets Conduct Regulations 2014 (the principal regulations). Those clauses set out transitional and savings provisions for KiwiSaver schemes that relate to the implementation of the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 and the Financial Markets (Repeals and Amendments) Act 2013 (the specified enactments).
These regulations—
provide, in respect of pre-transition KiwiSaver schemes, for certain references in the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006 to continue to be treated as references to trustees of, or trustee fees in relation to, those schemes; and
preserve for pre-transition KiwiSaver schemes certain fees regulations that were in force immediately before 1 December 2014 and that were prescribed for provisions of the KiwiSaver Act 2006 that were also in force immediately before that date and that continue to apply to those schemes; and
provide for certain references in preserved regulations relating to annual reports for relevant schemes to be read as referring to provisions of the KiwiSaver Act 2006 as amended by the Financial Markets (Repeals and Amendments) Act 2013.
Regulation 3A and Schedule 1AA of the KiwiSaver Regulations 2006, which set out similar transitional and savings provisions to those made by these regulations, are consequentially revoked by the KiwiSaver Amendment Regulations 2015.
These regulations mean that the transitional and savings provisions for KiwiSaver schemes relating to the implementation of the specified enactments are now located together in Schedule 1 of the principal regulations.
This is a reprint of the Financial Markets Conduct (KiwiSaver) Amendment Regulations 2015 that incorporates all the amendments to those regulations as at the date of the last amendment to them.
Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 (2013 No 69): section 547(4)


text:
New Despotiko Island Excavations Give Up 6th Century BC Treasures
Argophilia Travel News - August 9th, 2019 11:55 am
Ruins of Despotiko [Credit: Greek Ministry of Culture]
New Despotiko Island excavations are said to complete the picture on the buildings' architecture around the Apollo temple on the uninhabited island of Despotiko, west of Antiparos island revealed excavations and restoration works that were held recently on the island, according to the Athens News Agency (ANA).
The excavation focused on areas surrounding the temple as well as on buildings outside of it while very important were the finds of the short research on the islet Tsimintiri.
The surprise of this year's excavation was discovered on Tsimintiri. The islet is located between Antiparos and Despotiko and in the ancient years it was united with Despotiko and probably with Antiparos. In 2011, four buildings were found and this year the search continued at the northeastern part of the islet. Under the dense vegetation and very close to the coast were located five big buildings.
The size, the construction and the position of the structures indicated that the buildings were probably connected with the operation of the port.
The works were carried out between 3 May and 5 July.
The site of Mandra contains an extensive sanctuary complex dedicated to Apollo that reached its apex during the Late Archaic period and the 6th century BC in particular.
When the 2018 excavation works on the uninhabited Despotiko island in the Aegean were concluded, archaeologists spoke of priceless findings that tell more about life in Ancient Greece.
Despotiko is a small island west of Antiparos, and is a popular tourist destination. Excavations on Despotiko commenced 20 years ago and continue as real archaeological treasures are unearthed.
Last year's works ran from May 28 to July 6, under the direction of archaeologist Yiannos Kouragios, of the Cyclades Ephorate of Antiquities that belongs to the Ministry of Culture. Archaeologists and students from Greek and foreign universities took part in the excavations.
"This year's excavation focused on the areas surrounding the main temple and Buildings Z and R," the Ministry of Culture said in a statement on Monday, according to ANA. "The results of the season were particularly illuminating in terms of topography and how the ancient temple was laid out," it added.
Photo Source: Antiquities Ephorate of Cyclades
The principal findings so far are the Apollo sanctuary and surrounding buildings, along with many antiquities, all dating from the archaic period.
Last year's excavation concentrated on areas around the sanctuary and Buildings Z and P.
Its results were especially enlightening for the topography and organization of the archaic sanctuary. Research continued in the area south of the archaic temple, where the auxiliary facilities of the sanctuary are being developed, the so-called Eastern Complex.
By 2017, 12 spaces of a total area of 180 square meters had come to light. This year, another large space of visible dimensions of 12 x 3 meters was partially unveiled, having a floor made of large-scale splitting boards. It is probably a courtyard, archaeologists believe.
The excavations unearthed numerous ceramic artifacts of the archaic and classical periods — objects such as vases, basins, bottles, lamps, pots and amphorae. Metallic objects were also found, all estimated to date to the 6th century BC.
The results from the investigation of the different construction phases of the complex were important. Underneath the westernmost rooms, an earlier two-story building of rectangular shape with visible dimensions of 8 x 3.20 meters was discovered, dating back to the 6th century BC.
Inside the room researchers located — in their original position — a quadrilateral grid and a cooking pot. In addition, earlier floors were revealed in many areas and the thresholds of the original entrances that had been sealed were detected.
It became evident that there were buildings on the site before the erection of the archaic temple in the middle of the 6th century BC. Also, north of Building E, a new building was found. It was labelled Building T (dimensions: 7.80 x 7.45 meters) and it consists of two rooms with independent entrances and a yards in front of each room.
Research on Building P has been completed. It includes a rectangular ground plan of 14 x 5 meters and consists of four rooms. Its construction is placed in the late 6th century BC, but the main phase of its use must be placed in the 5th century BC.
Considerable attention was also given to Building G. Since it appears that it was imperative to replace and expand its enclosure, excavated sections immediately west of it revealed a new building — an earlier construction — which was named Building Y. This construction has a nave-like floor plan measuring 7.70 x 6.10 meters with an entrance on the south side. Its walls are very sturdy, about one meter thick.
Like every year, last year's findings were impressive. More than 15 lamps and 15 fragments of vases with engraved inscriptions (APL, APOL) were found, fragments of amphorae and red-colored craters, everyday vases such as basins, bowls, pans, bottles, and many metallic objects (a bronze lance, nails, russets, hooks, etc.).
From last year's discoveries what stood out were the fragment of the head of an archaic kouros, a fragment from the ankle of a kouros and scraps of two piths with embossed decoration, one depicting a warrior and the other a dance show.
The restoration work lasted four weeks and the Apollo sanctuary has regained its third dimension. The visitor can see the size and its grandeur even from across the coast of Antiparos island. Along with the restoration work, masonry maintenance works were carried out in the M and N buildings.
This year's excavations were funded by Athanasios and Marina Martinou, the Levendis, Kanellopoulos and Latsis Foundations, and the College Year in Athens/DIKEMES.
Source: Tornos News
Tags: Despotiko Island Excavations, Despotiko Island ruins, Despotiko ruins, Greece, Greece antiquities, Greece archaeology
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Let me paint you a picture: it's Thanksgiving dinner. You and your extended family are all sitting around the table, your dog is sitting by your legs, waiting for some rogue mashed potatoes to fall to the floor. The candles are lit, soft piano music plays on the stereo, life is good. All of a sudden, you see your Aunt Martha put her newly-emptied glass of wine down on the table as she begins to bring up politics. Uncle Bill chimes in with some remark about the latest election, the latest Facebook post, the newest "breaking news" article. In an instant, madness ensues. Everyone suddenly has an opinion about something. Your mother tries to calm the situation by bringing the conversation back towards the meal: "The turkey is not as dry as last year, but the cranberry sauce could be a bit tangier in my opinion". But she fails in redirecting the argument; it's gone too far. Someone throws a decorative pine cone across the room. All you want to do is participate in the stimulating debate, but how? Sure, you could bring up a Tweet you saw the other day, but could you back it up with concrete facts? Could you defend that inspiring and viral Tweet to your last breath?
Well, I have some news for you: there are ways to stay politically woke about certain topics without having to rely on social media to speak for you. It's okay to read articles and make your own opinions without the help of a celebrity! Here are some great ways to start getting politically active without having to take a single course in political science!
There are several news outlets like theSkimm, but this particular one is a great way to start getting up to date on current events and politics. This ~free~ subscription provides you with a short article each week (or each day depending on your preferences) highlighting the most important current news. Not only does theSkimm help its subscribers to stay politically up to date, but it also provides national and international non-political news! Because your information is only coming from one source, there is no doubt that some of it may be biased, but it's a good way to get bare-bones information on current topics of debate; if you are still interested in learning more and making your own opinions, find more news articles from conflicting companies and then decide how you feel.
If you see a viral Tweet, fact check it before Retweeting!
It's tempting to Retweet a video or photo with over 100k Retweets, believe me. But something that previous generations did not have to worry about nearly as much as we do is the spreading of misinformation, particularly on the Internet. Following people and communities that you agree with politically is great and beneficial for understanding certain political topics, but oftentimes people will try to spread Tweets, Facebook posts, and other social media posts to either sway others into joining their side in a debate or simply attack any opposition. These people (or bots) also have a tendency to disregard basic facts about the topic, further preventing others from having an actual, truthful discussion about a political topic. It only takes a quick Google search to make sure that what someone is saying online is verifiable and true. Once that's confirmed, Retweet, favorite, quote with a "thumbs up" emoji — whatever your heart desires.
Not every college student has time for this, but if you do, I highly encourage people to attend any kind of political lecture around campus, even if it has nothing to do with your classes or major. Universities will pay big money (big *tuition* money) to sponsor certain speakers and have them teach and discuss topics on political events. They can be incredibly informative and have you thinking about it for the rest of the day! Attending lectures are also a really good way to explore certain fields that you may have never known you were interested in, so check out a list of school events and see which ones grab your interest.
There are so many different YouTube channels that explain current political topics in an easy, accessible way. All you really have to do is pick a topic of debate that you want to learn more about, and put it in the search bar with "explained" at the end. Talk shows, filmed podcasts, cute animations, and pretty much every other kind of video should come up. I personally love the animated explanation videos, because it feels like I'm just watching a simple crash course for a topic that could be really complex. Sometimes people don't have time to read dozens of articles on one topic just to learn more about it, so a five to 10 minute video can work just as well in a fraction of the time.
When I say "free time," trust me, I understand that that is a rare concept for many college students. But podcasts are seriously low-effort, and they can be really entertaining and educational, particularly on the subject of politics. Depending on what your views are, you can listen to any kind of political podcast. Here's an article from Business Insider giving recommendations for the best political podcasts!
Don't be afraid to not have an opinion!
Sometimes in a debate, you just don't have enough information. And that is perfectly okay. Don't think that you need to know absolutely everything that's going on in the world, or have a magical solution to every problem that the country is facing. If someone is harassing you about a certain political topic that you don't know much about, it's okay to say something like, "I don't know enough about this topic to have an opinion! Sorry!" If anything, it's more respectable to recognize when you don't have enough info than to rely on the voices of others to speak for you.
Now that you are armed with all of these tips and platforms for increasing your political knowledge, start learning! We have the ability to shape how the country operates with the power to vote, so hone that power by gaining as much knowledge as you can about who you're voting for, and who you're not! Next Thanksgiving, make sure to wow your family with your political prowess and be able to hold a whole a debate with your uncle; maybe he'll eventually just give up and retire to the couch with a plate of apple pie, but you know you'll have won that battle. Stay woke out there, ladies.


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Andrea Franchetti, Star Italian Winemaker And Visionary, Passes Away
Ian D'Agata8 min readDecember 8th, 20212 comments
Star Italian winemaker Andrea Franchetti, owner of Vini Franchetti and Tenuta di Trinoro passed away this Sunday, December 5.
Ian D'Agata remembers him.
Photos by @vinifranchetti and Ian D'Agata.
There are only a few human beings who can say they have made a history-changing contribution to the world and the way it does or goes about things. Some have reached that status by finding or inventing tools and/or substances that have saved lives or improved the quality of human society: for example, Alexander Fleming, who won the Nobel for his discovery of antibiotics, Baird and Farnsworth who invented television, Alessandro Volta who created the first electric cell, Thomas Savery who invented the steam engine (improved upon by James Watt) and still many others. On an admittedly smaller scale, but still a remarkable one by any measure, Italian winemaker Andrea Franchetti created not one but two world-class wine estates in, once again, not one but two viticultural terroirs that had either been completely forgotten or gone unappreciated for their exact, immense, winemaking potential. The owner of two history-making estates Vini Franchetti (formerly Passopisciaro) on Sicily's Etna volcano and the Tenuta di Trinoro in Sarteano, Tuscany, both of which associated with truly iconic wines, Giorgio Andrea Franchetti (but he went by Andrea) passed away on Sunday, December 5, 2021.
The son of an Italian father and an American mother, Franchetti's career path to wine stardom was at first tortuous. He first owned a restaurant in Rome where he lived, but also decided to buy an old farmhouse in southeastern Tuscany; then, in the 1980s, he moved to New York City where he worked with a wholesaler and in retail selling Italian wines. But Franchetti didn't like that life, finding that he was much more suited to making wine as opposed to selling it. And so he moved back to Italy and his Tuscan reality, where, inspired by great winemaking friends like Peter Sisseck and Jean-Luc Thunevin, he sought to make world-class Bordeaux-variety based red wines. And while many are inspired to do something and/or have big dreams, few really succeed in their quest: but Franchetti did. His Tuscan estate in Sarteano, Tenuta di Trinoro, quickly became a quality leader and a benchmark for great Supertuscan wines that now routinely fetch extremely high prices and are sought after by collectors and wine lovers all over the world.
In 2000, ever the visionary, Franchetti realized the immense potential for fine wines held by Sicily's Etna volcano, something that, and honesty dictates this be stated clearly, had not been very apparent to too many others in Italy (or anywhere else for that matter). Certainly, it was the Benanti estate and its winemaker, Salvo Foti, who first put Etna and its wines on the Italian quality wine map, but everyone needs to realize that when Benanti and Salvo Foti came to Rome in 2000 to present their wines to some of the country's ten-twelve or so most influential wine journalists, nobody in the room knew literally anything about Carricante, and only a little bit more about the two (or is it three?) Nerellos. Though nobody talks about it much today, that was the reality of Etna and its grapes only twenty years ago or so. It bears repeating that Benanti and Foti commendably carried the torch and illuminated the path for future Etna stardom: but it was Franchetti, along with Tenuta delle Terre Nere's Marc de Grazia, who did the most to give Etna wines the international visibility, recognition, following and acclaim they enjoy today. Franchetti was also responsible, along with De Grazia, for pushing the concept and reality of the Contrade (plural of contrada, or cru), or the crus of Mount Etna, something that not even Benanti and Foti insisted much on (at least, not at that time, and you can't blame them, given that back then – I repeat, only 20 years ago- just getting people to listen about the Nerellos and Carricante was a chore, never mind actually drinking the stuff). If today names such as Rampante, Guardiola and Feudo di Mezzo are not just well-known but understood in terms of the highly specific characteristics of the wines that each one of those crus can deliver (much like Barolo's Cannubi, Monvigliero, and Ginestra, or Burgundy's Musigny, Chambertin, and Pommard), a good deal of the credit must go to Franchetti (ironically, almost all of Franchetti's vineyards are too high up in altitude to be wholly included in the Etna DOC, and so his wines neither carry the denomination's name nor that of the full contrade names, but are rather identified by capital letters , such as for example G for Guardiola, R for Rampante, and so forth). Furthermore, the name contrade is the one that Franchetti chose to name the annual Etna wine rendez-vous where all the Etna estates show their wines: "Le Contrade dell'Etna" is, far and away, the most important Etna wine event of all.
But I wish to point out other reasons that made Andrea Franchetti a truly special man, a visionary in the real but nowadays unknown, or oft-misused, sense of that word (the word dates back to 1640, from "perceived in a vision" and later, in 1702, as a noun from the adjective, originally "one who indulges in impractical fantasies.") For example, at Tenuta di Trinoro he did not just stop at making a world-class and super-expensive Supertuscan that garnered perfect scores on more than one occasion (which would have been more than enough for most people) but he was intelligent and insightful enough, or if you prefer, indulged enough in impractical fantasies, to go ahead and create single vineyard monovariety Cabernet Franc wines, having understood, well ahead of most people that in his neck of the Tuscan woods it is that international variety, and not Cabernet Sauvignon that can give something truly special (at least, not on its own). On Etna, Franchetti showcased the same sort of acumen. In 2000, when he started Andrea's big volcanic adventure, he was left wondering about the Nerellos, which he had trouble coming to terms with: with his usual candor, understatement and charm, he admitted to me as much. And so it was that his first vintages of Etna reds, the excellent 2001s, were not 100% Nerello wines, but contained dollops of Petit Verdot and Merlot. But you can't be a visionary if you don't have visions, and Franchetti's were such that, ultimately, he grasped the nuances and the realities of the local natives and was able to begin making Etna wines from the native grapes without the inclusion of the foreign varieties (reportedly, as early as the 2003 vintage). But that doesn't mean he had to bend over backwards or pander to the masses: ever the pragmatic and straight-shooting fellow, he didn't care for fashionable Carricante and its wines, and so planted Chardonnay instead (actually increasing his plantings of it as the years went by).
A shy, reserved man, Andrea Franchetti was not easy to get to know. Though I had run into him from time to time in his US days during my wine trips there, I "really" met him for the first time in the early 2000s in Rome, when he came, along with Peter Sisseck, to host a tasting at the International Wine Academy of Roma I was directing at the time. He struck me as a genuinely good guy then, and I can vouch he was that right up until the end. Recently, Franchetti had been quite ill, and I was aware it was a serious disease. Still, he made it a point to contact me only a few weeks ago because he wished to personally apologize for his not being able to take part in a webinar conference (along with Priscilla Incisa della Rocchetta of Tenuta San Guido (Sassicaia) and Gaia Gaja of the Gaja estate) that I had set up six month prior for the sixth annual International Terroir Renaissance conference that was held just last Friday, December 3, here in Shanghai. That Franchetti did so, when there really was no need whatsoever to do so given that I had cleared everything with his dedicated assistants and staff members, gives you a measure of the man. Then again, this is the same Andrea Franchetti who, only a few years ago, upon finding out that I had made an appointment to be at his Vini Franchetti winery to taste all the new wines from barrel, thought nothing of hopping on the first available plane so he could be there to greet and take me around in person. That is the generous person he was.
That generosity, just as his ground-breaking, truly outstanding wines, his talent, his passion, his dry sense of humour; and of course, his visions, will all live long after him. Indeed, we should all be so lucky.
Ciao Andrea.
Azienda Tenuta di Trinoro di Andrea Franchetti
Sarteano-Siena
Richard Sagala says:
RIP Mr. Franchetti; the visionary part of his personality is very well presented
and nerellos were certainly good building blocks for expressing his talent. I remember Fall of 2019 when I tasted all the wine over there how good were the Chardonnay's too. Of course going native is the way, but as Ian says it shows intelligence to resist "fashion" and say to oneself maybe " Chardonnay is the right answer on these plots". Thanks Ian to point to the unique contribution of this talented man, I did not know him under that light.
Thanks Richard, you are very thoughtful and kind as always. Ian
Michel Tesseron and His Family Move on from Château Lafon-Rochet Today
Francis Darroze, Legendary Chef And Armagnac Purveyor, Passes Away


text:
Q: Using native code in java I want to create c library and use it in my java code on an Linux OS. I'm trying to understand and implement natural library concept.
 I'm following this tutorial
http://diglib.stanford.edu:8091/~testbed/doc/JavaUsage/JNI/tutorial.txt
Which is helpful me to understand concept a little. However, I get errors when I try to do it myself. I searced for errors I am getting but none of solutions helped.
Main class code and class for natural library I wrote is as follows:
package natLib;
import natLib.getKeyPressed;
public class main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    getKeyPressed natlab=new getKeyPressed();
    char c=natlab.keyboardPressedKey();

}
}

package natLib;
public class getKeyPressed {
static {
 System.loadLibrary("natlab");
    }
public native char keyboardPressedKey();
}

when I write "javac main.java"
I get errors like
"main.java:6: error: cannot find symbol
        getKeyPressed natlab=new getKeyPressed();"
And when I skip for main and just do javac prcess for class with native method, try to obtain a header file
 javah -jni getKeyPressed.class
Although there is a file as getKeyPressed.class, I get errors like:
"Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a valid class name:     getKeyPressed.class"

I try it without .class extention it says
"Error: Could not find class file for 'getKeyPressed'."

It says that even when I make getKeyPressed class file by copying getKeyPressed.class.
It seems I am making a major mistake, any suggestions to solve this?

A: javah expects a fully qualified classname.   (e.g. natLib.getKeyPressed, not just getKeyPressed)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Policies would slow down devices in popular public spaces, hold operators accountable and charge annual fees.
Godfrey LeBron is the former longtime co-owner of Paradise Travel and has previously served as the president of the Bus Association of New York and chairman of the United Motorcoach Association.
Uber argued that its app acts an intermediary between drivers and passengers and should fall under lighter rules.
After reviewing all public comments to the ANPRM, FMCSA determined it has insufficient data or information to support moving forward with a rulemaking proposal, at this time.
Prime Policy Group, UMA's government relations firm, has scheduled more than 300 individualized appointments for members to meet with Congressional elected officials to discuss key legislative issues affecting the motorcoach industry.
Before presiding over his last UMA Expo in February, METRO Executive Editor Janna Starcic spoke with Parra about the changes and challenges he's seen in the industry, where he's headed now, and what the industry needs to do next.
The updates would offer an alternative method for evaluating how well passengers and crews are protected in an accident, often called crashworthiness.


text:
Text and Context
Patronage in Late Antique Mérida
Daniel Osland
Studies in Late Antiquity, Vol. 3 No. 4, Winter 2019; (pp. 581-625) DOI: 10.1525/sla.2019.3.4.581
Senior Lecturer in Classics, University of Otago
View author's works on this site
This study brings together a set of primary sources for the period of transition from late Roman to post-Roman rule over central Hispania, from the city of Mérida (Augusta Emerita) in west-central Spain. These sources—all inscriptions—illustrate important changes and continuities in the power dynamics at work in one of the most important urban centers of late antique Iberia in the period of Visigothic expansion. The central piece of evidence is the so-called Bridge Inscription of Mérida, which is preserved only in a ninth-century manuscript. A new critical reading of this complex text paves the way for a reconstruction of the local and regional context in which the events documented on the inscription took place.
Late Antique Spain
L'Année épigraphique: revue des publications épigraphiques relatives à l'antiquité romaine. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France
CICM
Ramírez Sádaba, J. and P. Mateos Cruz, 2000. Catálogo de las inscripciones cristianas de Mérida. Cuadernos Emeritenses 16. Mérida: Museo Nacional de Arte Romano
Corpus inscriptionum latinarum
Hispania epigraphica. Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura
ICERV
Vives, J. 1969. Inscripciones cristianas de la España romana y visigoda. 2nd ed. Barcelona
Hübner, E. 1871. Inscriptiones Hispaniae christianae. Berlin: G. Reimer
ILCV
Diehl, E. 1967. Inscriptiones latinae christianae veteres. 2nd ed. Berlin: Weidmann
MNAR
Museo Nacional de Arte Romano
© 2019 by the Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://sla.ucpress.edu/content/permissions.
Vol. 3 No. 4, Winter 2019
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LATE ROMAN PATRONAGE
POST-ROMAN PATRONAGE
HISPANIA IN THE FIFTH CENTURY


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