text:
There's only one race in the world
"There's only one race in the world and that's the human race. And if there's only one race, the human race, all humans are entitled to the same rights. It is a fundamental, easy, easy thing to accept if one is a thinking human being, but of course common sense is not so common."
Margarette May Macaulay, President of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights President
From the UN: To mark Human Rights Day (10 December) UNAIDS, UNDP, UN Women, and the Global Network of People Living with HIV launched the Global Partnership for Action to Eliminate All Forms of HIV-related Stigma and Discrimination. The partnership aims to accelerate implementation of commitments made by Member States, UN agencies, international donors, and NGOs to end HIV-related stigma and discrimination. It promises to build on those commitments, to strengthen partnerships, and to collect and disseminate data to inform programs and policy changes.
The UN Free and Equal Campaign celebrated the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights with a new digital short to honor the first amendment:
"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights."
Around the world people honored the 30th annual World AIDS Day on the 1st of December with this year's theme "Know Your Status". Secretary General António Guterres remarked that "there is still time" to address HIV by scaling up testing, improving access to treatment, increasing resources, and by ending stigma.
UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé reflected on the past 30 years of activismand urged people to "Live life positively and know your HIV status". UNAIDS launched a new report "Knowledge is power" that examines the current state of HIV testing services, innovations in testing technology, and efforts to overcome barriers to testing. The report emphasizes how testing and knowing your status can empower a person to make the choices needed to live a long and healthy life—whether by beginning treatment to suppress a newly discovered infection or by taking deliberate steps to prevent future exposure to HIV.
The WHO released a new analysis of the inclusion of key populations in the national HIV strategies of 47 countries in the WHO African Region. It finds that although the majority of strategies include interventions for some key populations, there are significant gaps especially for transgender people, people who inject drugs, and prisoners.
The UNDP partnered with the International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) and APCOM to study the links between violence, mental health, and HIV risk among transgender women and gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men living in South Asia. The study, presented in the report "Know Violence", provides evidence-based policy and program recommendations for policy makers, healthcare professionals, the education system, workplace managers, public health practitioners, and researchers.
More From the UN
HIV, Health, and Wellness: A new article published in AIDS and Behavior shared a qualitative analysis of the 2015 PROUD trial. The trial had found that PrEP reduced HIV acquisition by 86% among men in the UK. The new article uses in-depth interviews to explore the perceptions, experiences, and usage of PrEP among trial participants.
Two new studies in the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Culture, Health and Sexuality shed light on the usage of PrEP among trans women in Brazil. The studies indicate that although trans women have the desire to use PrEP after receiving education about it, transphobia encountered in health settings significantly limits their ability to obtain it.
A new study published in Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases found that substance use was not associated with decreased adherence to PrEP among gay men and other men who have sex with men. Researchers suggest that substance use should not be used as a reason to withhold PrEP.
The journal AIDS and Behavior published a study that found a correlation between poor sleep habits and risky sexual behavior among gay and bisexual men in France. Study participants with poor sleep were also more likely to report substance use before and during sex.
The AIDS/STD Program in Bangladesh announced that HIV prevalence has risen significantly among female sex workers, gay men and other men who have sex with men, and injecting drug users over the last seven years. Program director Dr. Shamiul Islam said the increase is mostly due to injecting drug users and called for improved programs to prevent sharing of needles.
Researchers presented an initial analysis from a study of gay men and other men who have sex with men and transgender women in Kenya, Malawi, and South Africa. They found that HIV incidence among the study participants was "alarmingly high" and called for interventions tailored for the community. The study aims to assess the feasibility of recruiting and retaining these individuals in HIV prevention research.
In Romania, academic Rémy Bonny spoke to activists about the growing rates of HIV infection especially among gay men and other men who have sex with men. Activists also warned that hospitals routinely run out of HIV medicine.
In Malaysia, the group Queer Lapis warned that they routinely receive reports from LGBT patients that they experience discrimination when seeking heathcare. Their reports align with findings from a survey of over 400 Malaysian physicians that showed many physicians were prejudiced against transgender patients.
To support the Global Partnership for Action to Eliminate All Forms of HIV-related Stigma and Discrimination the journal Reproductive Health Matters (RHM) will publish a themed journal issue on stigma and discrimination in sexual reproductive health care. It issued a call for for research articles, perspectives, policy analysis, book reviews, and commentaries that investigate and reflect upon the topic and how it can best be "challenged, disrupted, and resolved". Deadline for submission is March 2019.
More HIV, Health, and Wellness
From the World of Politics: Several EU member states published a paper calling for the European Union to adopt a coherent strategy to ensure full protection of LGBTI rights. The statement was signed by Malta, Czech Republic, Italy, France, Slovenia, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Greece, UK, Ireland, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, and Cyprus.
Chile's President Sebastian Piñera signed into law the Gender Identity Bill giving trans people over the age of 14 the ability to change their name and gender marker on official documents. The bill, which has been in the works for nearly five years, will go into effect in 2019.
Denmark's Minister for Development Cooperation, Ulla Tornaes, announced the government will withhold 65 million Danish krone ($9.88 million USD) from aid to Tanzania due to "negative developments" and "unacceptable homophobic statements". Tornaes has suggested that some of these funds could be diverted to NGOs instead of going to the government. After suspending visiting missions to Tanzania because of threats to LGBT community, the World Bank also announced it had withdrawn a $300 million loan intended for the education ministry. It cited concerns over the country's policy of expelling pregnant students. Meanwhile, President Magufuli posted a statement saying he prefers financial assistance from China because their aid "is not tied to any conditions".
The US, Mexico, and Canada have negotiated an updated trade agreement called USMCA which could replace NAFTA in the US if approved by Congress. Politico reported that the draft agreement contained requirements that workers be protected against discrimination on the basis of sex, including sexual orientation and gender identity. Forty US conservatives objected to the language in an open letter, calling it "inappropriate and insulting to our sovereignty to needlessly submit to social policies". Although initial reports confirmed the discrimination clause had been maintained when signed by the three leaders, The Canada Press reported that the language was "watered down" and a footnote was added stating the US federal hiring policies "are sufficient to fulfil the obligations".
Although both Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Opposition Leader Bill Shorten made promises to protect LGBTI students, Parliament remains divided. Competing bills were introduced with different language on the ability for religious schools to discriminate against LGBTI students. PM Morrison attempted to force a vote on the government's bill, however the Labor party argued that the bill was "deeply flawed" and could make things worse. The debate will continue next year.
In Ontario, Canada, the Progressive Conservative (PC) party passed a resolution to debate removing "gender identity theory" from school curriculums because they describe it as a "highly controversial, unscientific liberal ideology". Despite the resolution, party leader and Ontario Premier Doug Ford told reporters "I'm not moving forward with that".
The UK announced it will launch a consultation in 2019 to investigate the treatment, rights, and experiences of intersex people. Of primary concern, is the practice of performing unnecessary surgeries on infants. Medical experts from across Europe recently published a consensus statement in Nature Reviews Endocrinology urging the deferral of medically unnecessary surgeries on intersex children until they are old enough to consent.
The New York Times and others reported on a proposal by the US government to redefine gender as only male or female and "unchangeable". Over 2,600 scientists, including Nobel laureates, biologists, and geneticists, published an open letter online urging the government to abandon the proposal. The scientists warned that the proposal would "erase" transgender and intersex persons and could subject intersex persons to "more medically unnecessary and risky surgeries at birth". The Journal of Health Affairs published an article stating that if the Department of Health and Human Services changes the legal definition of gender, it would have serious consequences to the physical and mental health of 1.4 million trans and gender diverse people in the country.
More from the World of Politics
The Politics of Union: In Taiwan, the public voted on a series of referendums including five pertaining to marriage equality and sex education. The majority of voters voted against the referendums with pro-gay marriage language and the call for LGBTQ-friendly education. The Secretary-General of the Judicial Yuan (Taiwan's Constitutional Court) clarified that the referendum results cannot supercede the Yuan's 2017 ruling that a ban on gay marriage is unconstitutional. Instead of amending the Civil Code, lawmakers announced that they will consider creating a special law to meet the needs of same-sex partners.
In Hong Kong, the Legislative Council voted against granting "equal rights" to same-sex couples. Activists had hoped the Court's ruling this summer to recognize the partnerships of foreign gay couples when granting visas could improve rights for local couples.
The government of the Republic of San Marino voted to legalize Civil Unions for both gay and straight couples. The law will bring new rights to couples including issues of residency, citizenship, healthcare, retirement, and pensions.
South Africa's National Assembly passed the Civil Union Amendment Bill updating the Civil Union Act to remove a loophole that allowed Department of Home Affairs officers to refuse to perform gay marriages. Member of Parliament Deidre Carter introduced the amendment last January when she became aware that many same-sex couples had been unable to marry because no officials had been willing to marry them. The Act legalized same-sex marriage in 2006.
Thailand ended public hearings and an online survey regarding the Life Partnership Bill which proposes to give same-sex couples registered partnerships. According to the Justice Ministry most responses were in favor of the bill, although some activists say the bill lacks key items including parental rights and the right to marriage.
More from the Politics of Union
Let the Courts Decide: The High Court of Botswana announced it will hear a case challenging the constitutionality of laws criminalizing same-sex sexual activities next March.
Bermuda judges have once again affirmed marriage equality. The Supreme Court first granted marriage equality in 2017; however, government officials objected to the ruling and by the end of the year had created the Domestic Partnership Act to prohibit future gay marriages, creating a "domestic partnership" label instead. This summer, the Supreme Court struck down that Act and reiterated its support for same-sex marriage. The government quickly appealed, and now The Court of Appeal has agreed that the Act is unconstitutional and ruled that same-sex marriages must proceed.
Costa Rica's Supreme Court ruled that the country's same-sex marriage ban is unconstitutional and directed lawmakers to legalize marriage equality by May 2020.
The European Court of Human Rights ruled that Russia is violating human rights with its policy of banning LGBT rallies and public events. The court reviewed 51 applications to hold events filed between 2009 and 2014 and concluded that authorities' refusal to grant permission could not be justified by concerns of disruption of public order.
In Nigeria, a High Court has dismissed a suit from a group seeking to formally register under the name "Lesbian Equality and Empowerment Initiatives". The court said the group was not in compliance with the law which says no company can be registered by a name that is "misleading" or is "undesirable, offensive or otherwise contrary to public policy".
Mexico's Supreme Court granted a gay couple the right to register their child conceived via surrogacy with their own last names. The judge cited the constitution which guarantees the right of all persons to have children without any regard to sexual preference.
In Canada, 24 faith-based schools have asked a three-judge panel to strike down Bill 24—a rule that protects the privacy of students. Bill 24 says that schools cannot disclose to parents a student's participation in gay-straight alliances.
The Judicial Education Institute of Trinidad and Tobago launched a new protocol that includes guidance to ensure the LGBTQ community can access a fair, unbiased court system.
More from the Courts
Regarding Religion: The Global Philanthropy Project (GPP) released a new report "Religious Conservatism on the Global Stage: Threats and Challenges for LGBTI". GPP describes the report as "largest and most comprehensive study to date of the way that religious conservativism is currently operating around the world". The report provides an examination of the tactics, discourse, and funding patterns of conservative religious bodies that impact sexual and reproductive rights and sexual orientation and gender identity rights.
Writing for NBC, Corky Siemaszko investigated the growth of conservative political ideology among Catholics in the US. He reported that extreme homophobic rhetoric embraced by websites such as "Church Militant" has manifested into physical harassment and abuse of LGBTQ Catholics and their allies.
From Italy, leaders of an informal group of LGBT Catholics spoke to the BBC about reaching out to the community especially young people who think there is no way to be Catholic and gay or transgender:
"You can be Christian. You can love God and yourself as well"
New Ways Ministry, a coalition of faithful Catholics who support equality for LGBT people in the Church, began a reflection series for the liturgical seasons of Advent, Christmas, and Epiphany that provides questions, prayers, songs, and scripture. The ongoing series can be followed online.
From the UK, Harriet Sherwood spoke to Jewish people about the "impossible choice" those in the Orthodox community are forced to make between their sexual or gender identity and their religion.
More Regarding Religion
Fear and Loathing: The Human Rights Watch, in collaboration with Tunisian LGBT groups Shams and Damj, published the personal accounts of men abused by police and forced to undergo anal tests. HRW called on the government to abolish laws criminalizing consensual same-sex conduct and to respect people's right to privacy.
The Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT) published a new guide "Towards the effective protection of LGBTI persons deprived of liberty" that details specific practices that increase the risk of ill-treatment and torture of LGBTI people held in prisons, police stations, and immigration facilities.
The Global Network of Sex Work Projects and M-Pact published a briefing paper on the intersection between homophobia, transphobia, and sex work. The paper explores how LGBT sex workers face unique experiences of discrimination, especially in countries that criminalize both sex work and same-sex relationships.
From the US, reporter Samantha Allen spoke to LGBT advocates in Jacksonville, Florida about the tension between the black trans community and police where three black trans women were murdered in separate incidents. Activists say the police remain unapologetic for "deadnaming"—using a name the person no longer recognizes—and misgendering victims, policies that impede investigations.
In Kenya, after neighbors complained that a local HIV/AIDS non-governmental organization was "recruiting" youth to "join the gay community", the police raided and arrested staff members. The staff members were later released with no charges filed.
Writing for South Africa's News24, analyst Gerbrandt van Heerden of the South African Institute of Race Relations argued that historical evidence shows the homosexuality and alternative gender identities were common across the continent long before European colonists arrived. This evidence, he says, contradicts the claim by some politicians and religious figures that homosexuality has been "imported" from the West.
More from Fear and Loathing
Winds of Change: In South Africa, Jessie Duarte, the African National Congress Deputy Secretary General, compared the inequalities faced by LGBTIQ people with apartheid. Duarte urged leaders to go beyond legislation and address deep rooted homophobic and transphobic ideas. Meanwhile, a group has opened a series of "Safe Spaces" across the city of Durban to support the LGBT+ community. The project will be spread throughout KwaZulu-Natal next year.
From Uganda, reporter Jacob Kushner examined how LGBT people living in rural areas have found ways to live openly within their communities despite harsh laws that criminalize them:
"By adapting to, rather than rebuking, traditions and societal norms, some rural LGBT Africans are achieving a level of tolerance that just a few years ago seemed unthinkable."
From Croatia, reporter Anja Vladisavljevic reflected on the change of priorities among gay activists in the five years since the country passed a constitutional referendum banning gay marriage. Vladisavljevic noted that while those behind the referendum celebrated the anniversary of its approval, activists are working to gain foster care rights for same-sex couples.
The Africa Queer Youth Initiative shared the coming out stories of young people in their own words from Mauritius, Kenya, and Nigeria. Hong Kong sex educator and social worker Bau Chung Sze-wan gave tips to young people for coming out to traditional parents in Chinese society. She urged parents to be open to their children to give children the strength to fight stigma and criticism they will face from others.
Kenyan activist Denis Nzioka talked to local newspaper The Star about the meanings behind the acronym LGBTQ. The South China Morning Post published support for the LGBT community that urged an understanding that "homosexuality is more than sex".
In the US, gender fluid fashion model Rain Dove—who uses they/them pronouns—posted online about their experience being pepper sprayed in a high school bathroom after attending a meeting. The woman who attacked Dove later sought them out on social media to send threatening messages, but after Dove engaged her in conversation she apologized for the attack. Dove shared the conversation stating that although anger is a "necessary part of activism" that "we also need people who are willing to sit down and talk with [people] that [are] our oppressors, the people that are attacking us".
More from Winds of Change
On the March: In Mexico, the San Diego LGBT Community Center and organization RAICES reported over 120 LGBTQ asylum seekers have arrvied at the US border. The group have faced discrimination from other travelers in the Central American migrant caravan and continue to experience harassment from residents at the border city of Tijuana. Researcher Stefan Vogler explained how LGBTQ asylum seekers are forced to "prove" their sexuality or gender identity to immigration judges.
In the US, the New York Times reported that the autopsy of an HIV+ trans womanwho was possibly beaten and died while she was held in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody was made public. The report says that Roxsana Rodriguez fell ill and was not given medical treatment for several days and had evidence of suffering blunt-force trauma. The Transgender Law Center has filed a wrongful death claim on her behalf.
Reporter Alex Cooper reviewed the issue of LGBTQ asylum seekers looking for refuge in Europe where activists say asylum decisions are often based on discriminatory or ignorant attitudes. Among the challenges is a lack of uniform standards across Europe. Meanwhile Reuters reported that only 22% of asylum seekers have been granted asylum in the UK based on their sexual orientation.
More from On the March
Business and Technology: In Brazil, the Dutch retailer C&A announced a campaign to hire 5,000 new temporary employees across Brazil with a focus on hiring trans people and refugees. In Australia, the group Pride in Diversity has piloted regional programs to support workplace inclusion initiatives by regional businesses of all sizes.
In the US, the Anti-Defamation League awarded Tim Cook the first ever "Courage Against Hate" award. Accepting it, Cook urged tech companies to be clear on moral questions and to take a stand against hate speech:
"At Apple, we are not afraid to say that our values drive our curation decisions."
Twitter released a new version of its Terms of Service that prohibits misgendering and deadnaming trans users—a move trans activists have lobbied for for many years. Facebook announced a new content policy that includes a ban on content that suggest the solicitation of sex. Included in this content, Facebook lists "sex positions", "sexual slang", and discussions of "sexual preference/sexual partner preference". Meanwhile, the blogging site Tumblr announced a new ban on adult content including photos, videos, and gifs. The site has been popular among the LGBTQ community for providing an "escape" from the "sexist, homophobic, and racist standards" of other social media platforms. Artists fear the ban will disproportionately impact the community.
More from Business and Tech
Sports and Culture: In China, "Lady Tianyi", an author of gay erotic fiction, was sentenced to 10 years in prison for "producing and selling pornography". Tianyi came to police attention after one of her novels became a viral sensation last year.
During Hong Kong Pride, activists protested outside of libraries to fight the removal of LGBTQ themed children's books from public access. Hong Kong's Leisure and Cultural Services Department (LCSD) confirmed that the books had been moved to "closed stacks" this summer.
In the US, some libraries are facing backlash for hosting LGBT-inclusive programing. Reporter Mitchell Kuga examined how "Drag Queen Story Hour" children's events have become central to the debate about who should be allowed to use the library.
The Academy of Motion Pictures selected comedian Kevin Hart to host the next Oscars; however, after the announcement people began re-circulating homophobic tweets Hart has posted over the years. In a video, Hart revealed that the Academy asked him to apologize, but he said he would rather not host the event than apologize for things in the past. Hart has since apologized though he will not return as host.
A trailer for the new French documentary "Cassandro, the Exotico!" which tells the story of Saúl Armendáriz, an American-born Mexican wrestler who became famous for his "exótico"—wrestling performances/fights in drag. The new documentary "Man Made" explores the world of transgender bodybuilders. Reviewer Rachel Lipstein writes: "The film shows how exhibiting one's strength, after years of privately embodied pain, can be freeing—even euphoric." Check out the trailer.
More from Sports and Culture
Top photo by Mercedes Mehling on Unsplash
Newer PostIt is no longer enough
Older PostAm I doing enough?


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EP | Poor Moon – Illusion
by Joe Skrebels • 26 March 2012
The constituent members of Fleet Foxes come from such a rich heritage of previous bands, solo efforts and general musical immersion that it seems a little disingenuous to call Poor Moon a side project, not least because two of the members have nothing to do with Fleet Foxes at all. That said, when your fanbase will primarily come from another groups's work, it can be a hard thing to ignore the ties, and Illusion, the band's debut release, suffers a little for that comparison.
Seattle's breakout pastoral chamber-folk group (and that's still an odd sentence to type) have always been lauded for their singular sound, an ability to communicate their "Fleet Foxes-ness", no matter what they're doing – Poor Moon, it seems, have not had that power transferred, because at the heart of Illusion lies an odd instability, a sense of indecision. The move from the stripped down, fog-of-reverb folk of the title track through to the sun-dappled indie-pop of 'People In Her Mind', xylophones and all, is quite a stretch. It could be a new group feeling their way through, or a side project merely stretching their legs, but within the context of an EP that only lasts a quarter of an hour, those sudden segues feel a little too jumpy.
That said, judged out of context, Poor Moon have created five very enjoyable songs. 'Anyplace' borrows some harmony ideas from the band's vulpine progenitors and marries it to a soft, percussive soul sway to wonderfully relaxing effect, whilst the capella refrain of closer 'Widows' lifts what could be a rather wet folk singalong into loftier, choral territory. The standout, however, is first single 'People In Her Mind, which remains one of the best songs of the year so far – a skipping mix of Shins-indebted indie and '60s lounge music helped along by Christian Wargo's delicate croon. Each song is at least good, but they just don't seem to meld together quite yet.
In the end, it's probably the fact that Poor Moon do come from a lineage of musical excellence that's hurt them most. If these tracks had showed up on some corner of Soundcloud, we could well be lauding a new band for doing something truly exciting. As it is, Illusion is an EP that needn't exist as such a formal object – a precursor to a hopefully upcoming album that could deliver so much more.
New Bands Panel | Lilliput
Album | Poor Moon - Poor Moon
Download | Fleet Foxes off-shoot Poor Moon to release debut EP
Album | Fleet Foxes – First Collection 2006 – 2009
Live | Pitchfork Music Festival - Union Park, Chicago
New Bands Panel | Yesper - Cannibal King EP
#27 Fleet Foxes - Battery Kinzie
Compeition | Robin Pecknold, Daniel Rossen and Van Dyke Parks at the Barbican
Album | Father John Misty - Fear Fun
Brian's Mixtape | Rain
Tags: Fleet Foxes Poor Moon
← EP | Sam Airey – A Marker And A Map
Listen | M Ward's new album A Wasteland Companion →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Status: Uncommon pelagic, breeds outer islands.
The Leach's Storm-Petrels found off the coast of Washington are dark, with long, slender wings. They have white rumps, unlike populations farther to the south, which have darker rumps. This storm-petrel appears uniformly dark from below, but from above, some color differentiation is evident. Its tail and flight feathers are black, and its back and head are dark brown. A lighter tan band runs diagonally down the middle of the wing, separating the brown from the black.
During the nesting season, Leach's Storm-Petrels inhabit small, offshore, island colonies in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. They nest in burrows, so these islands must offer sufficient soil or rock crevices. Outside the nesting season, they disperse over the open ocean, far from land, concentrating around upwellings and areas where cold and warm water meet. These areas are rich in food.
Unlike many other tube-nosed seabirds, Leach's Storm-Petrels do not regularly follow and scavenge from ships. They fly low over the water with irregular wing-beats and forage by taking food from the water while hovering or skimming the water's surface. They sometimes forage near feeding whales or seals, but seldom sit on the water to feed. They are difficult to observe on their nesting colonies since they enter and leave the colonies only at night.
Small crustaceans make up the majority of the diet, although small fish and squid are also taken. Oil and fat slicks from dead marine mammals are also sources of food for storm-petrels. They have a well-developed olfactory sense and can locate food sources by smell.
Long-lived birds, sometimes living more than 24 years, Leach's Storm-Petrels do not breed until they are at least four or five years old. Their nest burrows are situated under grass, rocks, or tree roots. Burrows are typically 1-3 feet long, and can be more than 5 feet long. The male digs the burrow, using his feet and bill. Neighboring burrows may be close together, sometimes sharing a common opening. Natural crevices may also be used. At the end of the burrow is a nest chamber that is lined with twigs, leaves, and grass. Both parents incubate the single egg. Incubation can last from 37-50 days, with an average of 42 days. (Incubation may be interrupted for days at a time, accounting for the large variance.) Both parents feed the young by regurgitating their stomach contents. If the adults do not return regularly with sufficient food, the chick will go into torpor. The ability of the egg to survive with suspended incubation and for the chick to become torpid are important for survival, since the adults spend a lot of time away from the nest looking for food that can be hard to find. After 9-10 weeks, the fledglings leave the island and head to sea on their own.
The migratory patterns of the Leach's Storm-Petrel are not well known, although they appear to be more migratory than other storm-petrel species. Most of them move south to tropical waters in the fall and winter, but some are reported in northern areas throughout the year. In March the birds begin to return to northern waters. Millions of non-breeders (mostly immature birds) remain at sea year round.
The total population of Leach's Storm-Petrel is estimated in the millions, with over 8 million breeding pairs. There are an estimated 50,000 nesting birds in Washington in 11 confirmed colonies, although it is possible that there are as many as 25 colonies. The largest colony in Washington, on Jagged Island, consists of 20,000 birds. A major threat to the population is the introduction of predators, such as rats, to nesting islands. Upon removal of predators, storm-petrels appear to be able to re-colonize former breeding islands. Leach's Storm-Petrels are susceptible to pesticides and oil spills, and El Niño can also significantly reduce breeding productivity. Fishing nets are not a significant risk because Leach's Storm-Petrels rarely dive to catch prey. Annual numbers tend to fluctuate dramatically based on food supply and climate. Although the population at this time appears stable, its inconspicuous nature makes it very difficult to monitor the actual health of the population.
Although far more abundant, the Leach's Storm-Petrel is seen less frequently than the Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel, perhaps because it forages farther out to sea. In April and May, Washington breeders arrive on the breeding colonies, located off the coast of the Olympic Peninsula. Birds are seldom seen on the nesting islands however since their activity is nocturnal. The best way to see these tube-nosed seabirds is on an offshore boat trip. Occasionally a strong wind or storm will force large numbers closer to land, or in some cases, inland. Coastal and inland sightings, while still rare, are most likely in the fall. Boat trip sightings are most likely in July and August, uncommon in the spring (April and May), and rare in fall (September and October). Leach's Storm-Petrels are absent, for the most part, from Washington waters in the winter.


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Jazmine's death just as tragic without racial motive [Editorial]
Opinion // Editorials
Jan. 7, 2019 Updated: Jan. 7, 2019 9:48 p.m.
Jazmine's death just as tragic without racial motive...
1of4A purple cross put up for Jazmine Barnes on Beltway 8 near the Wallisville Road exit, Sunday, Jan. 6, 2019, in Houston. Jazmine was shot and killed in a drive-by shooting in the area.Photo: Karen Warren, Staff photographer
2of4People attend a community rally outside Walmart, 5655 East Sam Houston Pkwy N, Saturday, Jan. 5, 2019, in Houston for seven-year-old Jazmine Barnes, who was killed on Sunday. Jazmine was shot to death nearby while riding in a car with her mother and three sisters.Photo: Melissa Phillip, Houston Chronicle / Staff photographer
3of4Jazmine Barnes, 7, was shot and killed Dec. 30, 2018, as her family drove to Walmart.Photo: Harris County Sheriff's Office
4of4LaPorsha Washington, with her daughter, Alxis, 15, holds at a press conference Thursday, Jan. 3, 2019 about the shooting on Sunday that killed her 7-year-old daughter Jazmine Barnes.Photo: Melissa Phillip, Houston Chronicle / Staff photographer
It was easy to believe. A 7-year-old black girl had been shot to death while riding in a car with her mother and three sisters. Witnesses described the possible assailant as a white man. Immediately racism was suggested as the likely motive. And why not? White separatists seem emboldened these days. The FBI says hate crimes are up in America.
But now an apparent confession suggests Jazmine Barnes' murder isn't one of them. Does that make her death any less of a tragedy? Only if we've accepted the solemn drumbeat of news reports involving child gun deaths as predictable background noise.
Add Jazmine's name to a long list of innocent children killed when gunfire erupts where they are supposed to feel safe — outside their home, in places of worship, at school, or riding in the car with their mom to the store. That's what Jazmine was doing when she was shot Dec. 30 in northeast Houston. "I turned around and my 7-year-old was shot in the head," said Jazmine's mother, LaPorsha Washington, who was shot in the arm.
In a hail of glass and bullets, a young girl with a big laugh who loved purple and playing dress up was gone. Six days later police arrested a suspect who implicated an accomplice. Neither Eric Black Jr. nor Larry Woodruffe is white. Black reportedly told Harris County authorities the suspects shot into the wrong car thinking it belonged to someone else.
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That eyewitnesses got it wrong isn't surprising. The Innocence Project says eyewitness misidentification is the greatest contributing factor to wrongful convictions.
Police said an unidentified white man in a red truck recorded by surveillance video was not a suspect, but that didn't convince everyone. "They're going to have to prove this to me, because I know how they can do to cover themselves," said Juanita Bell.
Such mistrust of police can make a community more dangerous. Add too many guns and you have besieged neighborhoods resembling the Wild West.
The Brady Campaign says eight children and teens die from gun violence every day in America. Among them the baby and two other young children killed last week in Texas City by their father, who had a history of domestic abuse.
Though Jazmine's murder may not be race-related, that's not a license for complacency.
Ending racism requires changes in the heart encouraged by leaders who set an example. Ending gun violence merely requires common sense. Congress could pass stricter gun purchase laws. Texas could join the states with "extreme risk" laws that limit gun access for people with histories of violence.
Race hatred may draw more headlines, but any child's life cut short by a bullet deserves action.
Submit a letter to the editor here.
Opinion: 'Do not reject me in my old age'
Brooks: Trump ignites a war within the church
Opinion: Electric, hybrid vehicle fee is good for Texas
Opinion: Remember, we're still in a pandemic
Opinion: Texas House should suspend Paxton
Editorial: Is America safe for democracy again?
Editorial: Lawmakers have no excuse to skimp on education
Opinion: Change the electoral incentives behind extremism
Jonathan Feigen
Injuries, trade holdup could have Rockets down to NBA minimum of 8...
By Jonathan Feigen, Staff writer
James Harden's desire to leave Rockets started after playoff loss...
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Woodlands chamber plans business support efforts


Goryokaku Park (五稜郭公園) is a fromer fort in the center of Hakodate city located in the northeastern part of Hakodate Station, and is well-known as the Japan's first Western-style fort built in 1866, and is one of only 2 pentagon forts in the Japan together with Tatsuoka Castle (龍岡城) in Nagano prefecture. The Goryokaku is also famous as the last place that the former Tokugawa Shogunate Army fought with the new government during the Boshin War (戊辰戦争), and is open to general public at present, and a lot of tourists come. The Goryokaku Park is one of great places to see cherry blossoms in Hokkaido, and the cherry blossoms are in full bloom from late April to mid May, and a lot of tourists from all over the Japan or overseas tourists come to savor. In an autumn, leaves of the cherry trees turn into red color, and the park is well-known as a good place to see the fall foliage, too. Admission free. A parking lot is not provided.
Goryokaku Tower (五稜郭タワー展望台) with about 100 m in height is built at the out of the former Goryokaku Fort, and is a landmark of the Hakodate. Around the top of the tower has 2 observation floors, 1st observation floor and 2nd observation floor, and the views are very good, and those have a bird's-eye view of the former Goryokaku Fort in four seasons, daytime and early evening. Mt. Hakodate (函館山) and the downtown of the Hakodate as well as the Goryokaku Park can be viewed, too. Admission fee is JPY 900. Atrium is built at the foot of the Goryokaku Tower, and it has a souvenir shop, resting places, an event space and restaurants. Admission free.
There are Hakodate Magistrate's Office (箱館奉行所), Provisions Warehouse (兵糧庫), a cannon, a shop and Wisteria Trellis (藤棚) at the park, and the Hakodate Magistrate's Office is available to enter for fee. Admission fee is JPY 500. The building in the center of the Goryokaku Park was built to truly depict the Hakodate Magistrate's Office of those times in 2010. As for the event, Hakodate Goryokaku Festival (箱館五稜郭祭) is held between 2days in mid May.
Hakodate City Northern Pacific Fishery's Document Museum (函館市北洋資料館), Hokkaido Hakodate Museum of Art (北海道立函館美術館) and Hakodate City Central Library (函館市中央図書館) are close to the park, and a lot of restaurants are built around here. I visited Ajisai Head Office (麺厨房あじさい 本店), and salt broth ramen was tasty. By the way, Express Hakodate-go (高速はこだて号) and Hakodate Limited Express New Star-go (函館特急ニュースター号), express buses, run between Sapporo and the Hakodate. Unfortunately, the express bus does not run between New Chitose Airport and the Hakodate.
About 1,600 cherry trees such as Yoshino cherry tree (ソメイヨシノ) are planted at the Goryokaku Park. The cherry blossoms from the Goryokaku Tower looks like pentagram decorated with the cherry blossoms, and I feel as if it is a diorama. On the other hand, the cherry blossoms on the ground are seen in every detail, and the differences of viewpoints can be enjoyed. A lots of low cherry blossoms grow on banks, and the cherry blossoms are enjoyed from lower eyesight. There are a lot of photogenic places such as a moat, and I understand that the Goryokaku Park is one of great places to see cherry blossoms in the Hokkaido.
Goryokaku Tower with Observation Platform Adult: JPY 900. High and junior high school student: JPY 680. Elementary school student: JPY 450.
Hakodate Magistrate's Office: Year-end and New Year holidays. Goryokaku Tower: Open all year round.


text:
Judge Tosses Wealthy Idaho Conservative's Defamation Lawsuit Against Mother Jones
By db
October 8, 2015 11:52 a.m.
BOISE, Idaho (AP) — An Idaho judge has ruled that a liberal-leaning magazine did not defame one of Idaho's wealthiest people in an article that said the businessman outed a local reporter as gay.
Fourth District Judge Darla Williamson tossed out Frank VanderSloot's lawsuit against Mother Jones magazine on Tuesday.
VanderSloot, the CEO of health care products company Melaleuca, sued Mother Jones two years ago, contending that a 2012 article about him and a tweet promoting the article were false and prompted national criticism.
While writing about VanderSloot's $1 million donation to former Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney, the Mother Jones article said that VanderSloot outed Peter Zuckerman as gay when he purchased a full-page ad in the Post Register, a newspaper in Idaho Falls. VanderSloot's ad criticized the reporter's extensive work covering child sexual abuse and scandals in the Boy Scouts.
VanderSloot maintains that the reporter's sexual orientation was publicly known before the advertisement hit newsstands in conservative eastern Idaho.
In her ruling, Williamson wrote that some of the statements VanderSloot took issue with were "substantially true" and others — including a description of VanderSloot as "gay-bashing" — were open to such a wide spectrum of interpretation that they could not be proven true or false. She also said the statements were opinions and so can't be held as defamatory.
"The words impute a political position taken by VanderSloot critical of gay-oriented issues, and accuse VanderSloot of publicly identifying Zuckerman's sexual orientation, all in the heat of a national political campaign," the judge wrote.
Still, the judge said she was troubled by Mother Jones' reporting style, which she said was biased. Williamson said Mother Jones outed Zuckerman on a much larger scale on the magazine's website and Twitter account. The judge added that the news organization used the reporter's homosexuality to promote its own agenda.
"Contrary to its perception of itself, this case illustrates the non-objective bias of Mother Jones and its approach in seeking out only the negative to support its position, resorting to sophomoric bullying and name-calling to lead the lead the reader to adopt its particular agenda," Williamson wrote.
Mother Jones CEO Monika Bauerlein said in a statement that the court's ruling affirmed that her magazine was right all along. She added that while the judge expressed opinions on political reporting, VanderSloot's case was not about journalistic practices.
"Mother Jones' reporting and fact-checking practices are second to none," Bauerlein said. "We hear the court's challenge to all of us in media, and we will continue to maintain the highest standards in everything we do."
VanderSloot said he's pleased that the judge found the reporting was biased. He has created a $1 million fund to defend conservatives against media outlets that he considers to be liberal.
"The judge felt that Mother Jones' actions were so atrocious, she wrote three full pages chastising and exposing Mother Jones' reporters, methodologies and biases," VanderSloot said.
He added that he expects the fund, named the Guardian of True Liberty, to quickly grow with donations from other colleagues also wanting to sue news organizations over unfair or false press coverage. However, VanderSloot said he does not expect the fund to be used against Idaho media, rather national news organizations like Mother Jones.
"It is an egregious wrong for anyone to take somebody's life and try to destroy their legacy by changing it up with falsehoods," VanderSloot said. "It will be a mission for me for the rest of my life to hold the press accountable. The press is so protected, as shown in this case."
Mother Jones attorney James Chadwick criticized VanderSloot for calling Tuesday's ruling a victory.
"For a plaintiff whose case was just roundly defeated to claim victory is a little like the LA Clippers claiming they won the NBA Finals," Chadwick said. "I think everyone can see what's going on here."
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When you play football on the weekends, from the hard hits and tackles, each game there's more of a chance you might be injured than if you were cheering from the sidelines.
As well as your pastimes, the insurer will also ask you for information about your smoking status, lifestyle and medical history and this all contributes to the level of cover available to you.When applying for income protection as a football player, the insurer will consider this activity when assessing your application for cover. It may mean that a loading is applied to your policy, to ensure you can still be covered and play footy each weekend.
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This morning at 11:00 AM, a large crowd of women (and male supporters) met just inside the entrance gates of the Biennale's garden to protest a lack of recognition of "woman in architecture." The fan waving crowd cheered as co-organizer Martha Thorne read a prepared statement asking for women to receive more recognition and support from the profession and the media.
The event, according to Thorne, Odile Decq, and Toshiko Mori, three of the original organizers, started with this small group but has quickly developed into a network of "hundreds of supporters!" The only slip up was that the protest took place inside the gates of the Biennale and thus many young supporters were denied entrance to participate as they did not have a ticket on this media-only preview day.
Still, over 100 people participated, including Francine Houben of Mecanoo, Farshid Moussavi, Jeanne Gang, and curators from The Met and MoMA.
The organizers claim that architecture school students are now 60% female, so that today's "Giardini" protest is only recognizing what will become a reality tomorrow.
We as Voices of Women are building conversations and taking actions to raise awareness to combat pervasive prejudices and disrespectful behavior that appears to be systemic in our culture and discipline. We are united in denouncing discrimination, harassment and aggressions against any member of our community. We will not tolerate it. We will not stand silent.
Women are not a minority in the world, but women are still a minority in the architecture field and we want it to better reflect better the world in which we live.
The Venice Architecture Biennale 2018 FREESPACE is a crucial moment of awakening to promote equitable and respectful treatment of all members of the architectural community irrespective of gender, race, nationality, sexuality and religion. We will join hands with co-workers, students, clients, collaborators, and our male colleagues to create a new path forward toward equitable work and educational environments that promote respectful discourse and open exchange of ideas.


The standard advice for creating passwords has long been this: use a long string of completely random letters (upper- and lowercase), numbers and special symbols. Make it so long and complex that nobody is able to guess (or remember) it, and it would take a computer billions of years to crack.
But recently a different perspective has emerged: what if those passwords were still long enough to foil a brute-force, script-based hacking attempt for long enough to make the attempt non-worthwhile, but made of words you might actually be able to recall without logging into your password manager app or plugin? What if you used something like a string of four random words?
Let's look into a few options. I'll be using the website How Secure Is My Password? to compare. Results on the site are given in the form of "It would take a computer about [length of time] to crack your password" (or "Your password would be cracked INSTANTLY" if you put in a real clunker like "abc123" or "password"). The results from this site are simply an estimate (not a guarantee), but it is useful in determining whether a password is lousy, decent, or excellent.
Yeah. That is an unfathomably long time. Written out, that's 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 years. If the universe is 13.82 billion years old, it would take a computer almost 72.5 million TIMES that long to crack your password.
In other words, that's a very strong password. But now try to memorize it.
Now, technically, that's not as secure as 1 octillion years. But on a practical level, we're still in "might as well be forever" territory. You're going to be pretty well-protected against a script-based hacking attempt.
What if we add a number, or a number and a symbol, or capitalized the words, or added dashes or spaces (not all online accounts allow this) between the words?
They're all fine options, and you've actually got a fighting chance of remembering them if needed, and an even better chance of actually typing them correctly if your password manager app/plugin isn't available (or playing nice with a website, which does happen).
So it's really a matter of what you're comfortable with and what the website you're using requires (some force you to use at least one uppercase letter, number and symbol).
However, bear in mind that this type of brute force hacking is probably not even remotely the biggest threat to your online accounts. It doesn't matter HOW many octillion years it would take a computer to guess your password if you fall for a phishing email and type it into a compromised website, or if the company that owns the website keeps its list of logins and passwords in a plain-text file and experiences a data breach.
Your best practice, regardless of the type of passwords you use, is to regularly change them, avoid reusing them across different sites, and to know how to recognize a phishing attempt.
I may be biased here, but I can't be the only one who thinks a couple hours of "How To Recognize a Scam" training every year would be of great benefit to high school students. Of course, such an undertaking is easier proposed than implemented, but it seems like an important life skill that needs to be touched on at some point.
There are a variety of scams that prey upon current and incoming college students. Here is a brief rundown of a few common ones.
This scam begins with a phone call that may use caller ID spoofing to look like it came from the IRS. The caller will inform the recipient that they haven't paid their "Federal Student Tax" and will face dire consequences if the tax is not paid immediately. The caller will demand payment via wire transfer or prepaid cards (iTunes, Green Dot, etc.).
Of course, there is no such thing as a "Federal Student Tax," and the IRS doesn't call you on the phone about unpaid taxes anyway. Plus, even if you do owe back taxes, it's impossible to pay them via wire transfer or prepaid cards.
Another telephone-based scam, this one appears to come from the college admissions office and claims that tuition has not been paid and the student will be un-enrolled if payment is not made immediately via credit card, wire transfer, or other unusual method. A variation of this scam impersonates an FBI agent and claims that the student will be arrested if the bill isn't paid right away.
If you really have not paid your tuition, they're not going to call you on the phone and insist that you pay immediately, especially with a credit card or wire transfer (and especially especially with an iTunes card). Your college probably doesn't take credit card payments over the phone. You should also never reveal personal information to someone who contacted out of the blue; if you're truly convinced the call might be legitimate, hang up and contact the admissions office directly. Also, the FBI doesn't get involved in matters of late college tuition payments.
College students are often bombarded with alleged opportunities for student loans, scholarships, financial aid and jobs. Some of these are perfectly legitimate, but many are not. There are a lot of individuals and companies charging fees for things you can do on your own for free, such as filing FAFSA paperwork or filling out job applications. Some won't even provide the service claimed, they just want your banking information to set up a recurring charge.
Never trust an offer of "just give us the money and we'll do the rest," and remember that legitimate scholarships are never "guaranteed" (and they usually have requirements beyond you having a pulse).
So you've found the perfect vacation rental for an amazingly low price. You contact the owner of the property and, unbelievably, the price shown on Craigslist is correct and the unit is available for the dates you need. The owner was a bit hard to reach, but he travels all over the world for business (and of course he does—who else but a successful international businessperson could afford such a house in such a location to begin with?).
Payment is arranged by wire transfer (a little unusual, you think, but again—world traveler business type, right? He probably has reasons for his preferences, and they've obviously served him well, right?).
You arrive at the property on a Sunday morning and are delighted to find it looks even better than the pictures. You ring the doorbell to be greeted by…the permanent residents of the house, who aren't renting it out to anyone, and who are wondering why there are a bunch of weird people with suitcases at their front door.
You've been taken in by a classic vacation rental scam, and good luck getting your money (that you wired to a stranger) back. What could you have done differently?
First, you could have been more wary of a price that's too good to be true. There's no real reason for the owner of a rental property in an extremely popular location to offer a huge discount as long as that demand exists.
Now, I'm not a huge fan of Craigslist for finding vacation rentals, but I'm also not a huge fan of Craigslist in the first place due to the overall potential for fraud. I'm sure there are plenty of legitimate rental listings. However, Craigslist should not be the only place the property is listed. Check vacation rental websites in the area and make sure the property is represented elsewhere as available.
The owner being hard to reach or unresponsive is a red flag. If the entire conversation takes place via email, that's also suspect. There should always be a phone number with a name attached to it that you can verify with a search. A legitimate business should want to be easy to find and reach. If you find yourself leaving a message every single time you call, that can be another sign of trouble.
Finally, the unusual payment method is a warning that something is not right. You should never wire money to a stranger for any reason. Some rental scammers request that you purchase gift cards and pay by relaying the card information to them. Don't do it. You want a payment method that leaves paper trail and has some fraud protection, and you want a buffer between the transaction and your deposit (checking/savings) account. In other words, if you can't pay with a credit card, look elsewhere.


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Youngsters are being given the chance to hop along to Cardwell Garden Centre to have breakfast with the Easter Bunny.
Staff at Cardwell have organised a host of events during the Easter Weekend, Saturday and Sunday, April 20 and 21, including the hugely popular Family Easter Bunny Breakfast.
Youngsters can sit down to a traditional hot breakfast, hear a story from the Easter Bunny, receive a chocolate Easter egg, take part in a Bunny Hunt looking for real bunny rabbits and enjoy Easter-themed craft activities.
Log on to www.cardwellgardencentre.co.uk o book your child a place having breakfast with the Easter Bunny between 9.30am and 11am on both the Saturday and Sunday for only £9.95.
And throughout the weekend there will be lots of fun for all visitors to Cardwell to enjoy with a bouncy castle, face painting, kids arts and crafts, an Easter Bunny Hunt and entertainment from the Clydeside Singers.
While we take every opportunity to ensure the details for Breakfast with the Easter Bunny are accurate, we always advise that you contact the event organiser before setting out for the event to avoid disapointment.


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Commentary: In a morning tweetstorm, the US president says his tweets are unfiltered honesty. And that, presumably, is what the media doesn't like.
The president believes the media is trying to stop him from communicating.
President Donald Trump's Twitter account has become the most famous in the world.
The instant connection between his mind and fingers has offered a unique insight into how (and what) a president thinks on a daily basis.
The US president, however, is concerned the media wants him to stop tweeting.
Among a Tuesday morning barrage of Trump tweets was this: "The FAKE MSM is working so hard trying to get me not to use Social Media. They hate that I can get the honest and unfiltered message out."
I feel somewhat confident that there isn't a member of the media -- fake or otherwise -- who wishes that the president would stop tweeting. Most presidents say very little that hasn't been varnished by a team of lawyers and buffed by at least a couple PR people.
Trump's tweeted chronicle is a never-ending source of stimulation. Indeed, CNN's Jake Tapper tweeted in response to the president: "Fact Check: MSM eat up his tweets like Skittles. It's WH advisers, lawyers and Trump supporters who want him to stop tweeting."
Indeed, while media people taste the rainbow, I fear that White House insiders have only a slightly metallic taste in their mouths as they read the latest Trump musings. Indeed some have, reports say, privately expressed their fear that Twitter will be the president's undoing.
One example of his tweets perhaps getting in the way of his administration's intentions occurred this week. The president has repeatedly referred on Twitter to his travel ban from six Muslim-majority countries -- one vigorously opposed by the tech industry -- as being, indeed, a travel ban. Department of Justice lawyers have been at pains to suggest to courts that it isn't a ban.
Even George Conway, a lawyer thought at one time to be joining the Justice Department (he's also the husband of Trump adviser Kellyanne Conway), tweeted on Monday that the president's tweeting isn't helping.
Still, the president will surely continue to go on Twitter and enjoy the honest, unfiltered nature of the medium. His tweets are him. His tweets are news. They might, in some eyes, even represent policy. They seem for him to be cathartic, too.
And when history looks back not just at the president, but at how technology opened up new forms of communication for us all, it will either admire our achievement or shake its head in rueful sorrow.


text:
Excessive Innovation and the Anxiety of Influence
Jon McGregor·
FictionNumber 20 | General Interest
Language is born of imitation. Imitation is how we learn to speak in the first place, and it's how we find our place in the various groups and subcultures which draw us into adulthood. Most people have an ear for the best new bits of language they come across – a better or richer or more efficient or just smarter-sounding way of expressing ideas which are anyway always slightly beyond language's grasp1 – and are able to absorb these into their own personal dialect.2 This selective imitation is how languages originally developed (I assume, not having studied linguistics in any depth),3 and how they continue to develop today.
It follows, then, that literature functions in the same way; that writers have always imitated and reworked the best innovations of other writers, and that by doing so they've kept literary culture rich and inventive and in a state of constant development.4 I'm not the only writer, surely, whose first thought on reading a great piece of work is to wish I could have written that?5 Nor whose second thought6 is to wonder just how it was done?
Some examples of literary innovations I've recently been tempted to incorporate into my own work: the sonorous yet oddly inarticulate voice of Peter Hobbs' excellent first novel, The Short Day Dying, achieved in part by simply doing away with commas; George Saunders' narrators' sense of slightly overreaching their own understanding, which he evokes by having them ever-so-slightly misarticulate a few key words or phrases, usually drawn from the jargon-heavy worlds of self-help and business management, in a way which is funny and sad and nuanced and very difficult to imitate7; Raymond Carver's radical concision;8 Alice Munro's importing of novelistic temporal leaps into the short story; James Kelman's clipping of dialogue to signify stunted speech patterns.
But sometimes, problematically, a literary development is such an innovative leap that the thing becomes inextricably linked with that writer in such a way as to constitute a virtual moratorium on that thing. Take, for example, B.S. Johnson's The Unfortunates, in which the chapters are presented loose in a box and the reader invited to shuffle them before reading, which is both a great solution to the problem of sequencing an essentially non-linear narrative and a brilliant evocation of that non-linearity9. (And which also happens to be a moving and quite brilliant piece of English post-war writing, a fact which is usually overshadowed by loud cries of 'Look! Loose chapters in a box!') But who would now get away with presenting a novel in the same way, no matter how appropriate it might be?10
And take for further example Russell Hoban's Riddley Walker, whose central idea, that post-apocalyptic language would resemble in its shattered grammar and lost understandings a kind of pre-modern language, has been impossible to reuse without provoking recollections of Hoban's original work.11 Although in this instance other writers haven't been entirely inhibited from making use of the innovation, just as neither have they been inhibited from following W.G. Sebald's use of found images set within text. Which I think supports the notion I'm grasping towards: that it's okay to make use of innovations, even radical and apparently one-off innovations, and that doing so shouldn't detract from the work of the innovator nor reflect badly on the innovation-user. (Unless of course the innovation is made use of in a sloppy or unnecessary or weakly constructed way, in which case let the usual modes of literary criticism apply.)12
Which brings us, circuitously, to David Foster Wallace's innovative use of footnotes.13
Personal note: when writing non-fiction, I often find myself bogged down in a proliferation of complicated multi-clause sentences which attempt to contain too many ideas – as well as asides separated by dashes, some of which are themselves multi-clause – and a general excess of juggled information, and end up being unwieldy and basically just difficult or unsatisfactory to read.14 And since I can see that other writers are able to tackle this problem – are able to order their thoughts in a clearer and more linear fashion, or are able to craft lengthy multi-clause sentences which are a joy to read15 – I realize that the problem is mostly one of my having certain shortcomings as a writer. But I think there's something else, and it's a something-else which David Foster Wallace had worked out how to tackle before I'd even learnt how to type.
My non-fiction writing has usually ended up so multiply claused because I'm trying to convey a lot of information at once: the story, the background to the story, the historical and geographical context, my personal reflections, some sense of the greater narrative, etc. Partly this everything-at-once hurtle is because I've been offered less space for the piece than the story ideally requires, as well as because of the shortcomings mentioned above; but often it's also because I think that's just the way my brain works, and – here comes the point – the way a lot of our brains work now16 that we're so used to getting our information from computing networks rather than from individual sources.
For example, if I want to read up on the work of research scientists in Antarctica, I might go to a government science website, browse a few blogs and Flickr streams from the scientists themselves, zoom around on Google Earth, check the terms I don't recognize on Wikipedia, look at any archive materials which might be available online and find some video which has been shot on research trips; and I'll do all this with the browser tabs open simultaneously, flicking between them as I need to.17 So if it happens that I then go on a field trip to Antarctica,18 and see some of these things for myself, and want to tell a story about that experience, the flow of my narrative is instinctively going to be rather fragmentary and broad-ranging and have something of the this-and-this-and-this-at-once quality which my own prior reading – and lived experience – has had.
So what's the best way of capturing that this-and-this-and-this-at-once quality?19 Footnotes.20 And not just the terse footnotes to which we were accustomed before David Foster Wallace got going, as in mostly citations or glossary-type definitions, but footnotes which serve as the written equivalent of a split-screen or second tab, with whole supplementary paragraphs and parallel thought-streams and additional context, and even, where needed, footnotes to the footnotes.21
The most notable feature about the way David Foster Wallace used footnotes is that the reader is given a choice as to how to deal with the supplementary text – to read it in full at the exact moment the footnote occurs, to come back to it at the end of the sentence or the end of the paragraph or some arbitrarily later moment,22 or even to ignore it entirely23 – and that this element of choice enables a sense of this-and-this-at-onceness which fits so well with the way in which we're now accustomed to taking on information and ideas and which is one of the many reasons why I personally find David Foster Wallace's non-fiction so approachable and yet so exhilaratingly24 dense.25 And also why I find it so inspirational; it makes me wonder, as with all great innovations, whether I could make use of that technique as well.26
The trouble is, David Foster Wallace's use of footnotes was such a big innovative leap27 that it became almost a trademarked feature of his writing, and took on a kind of protected status which was only amplified by his death, a protected status which has evolved into a kind of undocumented yet widely supported Footnote Moratorium.28 But the innovative leap seems to me to be such a good one – such a useful technique for both writers and readers, and such a successful reflection and utilization of the this-and-this-and-this-at-onceness which I've outlined above as being very much of our time – that to let the Moratorium continue indefinitely would be something of a travesty.29
So my proposal is this: A Footnote Moratorium Cessation Treaty (Proposed),30 in which those who sign up to it would acknowledge that David Foster Wallace was more or less the first to use footnotes in such an extensive and parallel-textual way,31 and that, while anyone who uses footnotes in a similar way might be seen to be imitating his innovation (and, almost inevitably, doing so less successfully), the innovation is of too great a use to our written culture to allow it to be left behind. This Treaty will of necessity retain a (Proposed) status until the use of footnotes reaches a certain critical mass; by which time, of course, there's likely to be a Footnote Moratorium Cessation Treaty backlash, whereby footnotes will be considered to be overused and possibly rather tiresome. But that will come later. For the time being, the early adopters of the FMCT (Proposed) will be innovation-imitation innovators, and will be making use of a device which, I can now testify, is quite apart from anything else a whole lot of fun.
And. Now I feel like a distant cousin at a family gathering who has unexpectedly started singing some old and possibly even inappropriate folk song in the hope that others will join in.32 The rest of the family are looking at one another awkwardly. This distant cousin has about half a verse to go before he either peters out in embarrassed silence or hears the rest of the family singing up33 alongside him. Here comes the chorus.
Oh my days.
1.^ See Wittgenstein, Foucault, et al.
2.^ For example, my daughter, who is not a black teenager from south London but a white five-year-old from Nottingham, has recently started saying 'Oh my days!' to express a kind of exasperated surprise. I have no idea where she got this from,a nor why she even needs to express exasperated surprise, but I think it's a lovely and almost song-like or biblical-sounding expression which I'm tempted to start using myself.
a. The top deck of a bus in south London, possibly.
3^. And you thought I'd actually read Wittgenstein, Foucault, et al?
4.^ This is, you know, some of the writers some of the time. Not all of the writers all of the time. Not by a long stretch.
5.^ My second, third and fourth thoughts, obviously, are: Don't kid yourself; I bet other writers don't think like this; and Why don't you get a proper job?
6.^ Well, fifth; see footnote 5.
7.^ Which hasn't stopped a whole generation of North American writers attempting to do so, I've noticed. Which given that this whole essay is about not being inhibited from imitating innovative leaps in literature is not an attempt I'm criticizing here, just an attempt I'm pointing out is much harder to pull off than it appears
8.^ Or was it Gordon Lish's radical concision? Or Carver's radical acceptance of Lish's radical concision which itself was a radical projection of Carver's instinct towards a radical concision? Or was it? Etc, etc, ad infinitum.
9.^ And pretty much an ideal solution to the problem Philip Larkin was highlighting when he described the novels he'd read in his role as a Booker Prize judge as having 'a beginning, a muddle and an end'.
10.^ And which publisher's production department would even reply to an email suggesting such a thing?
11.^ The central section of David Mitchell's Cloud Atlas, for example.
12.^ You may, for example, feel that I'm using too many footnotes here, even given the fact that I'm deliberately and tentatively-humorously overusing them to underline the central point of this essay. Which is fine. I'm new to this, and excited about it; I've only just discovered the 'Insert: Footnote' function on my computer.a
a. I wonder, how did writers manage footnotes on manual typewriters?
13.^ Which were only one small part of the cluster of linguistic and structural innovations which he brought to his writing, and in particular to his non-fiction writing: a gleeful verbosity would be another, as would rigorously grammatical sentence construction, as would the utterly unafraid juxtaposition of what used to be called low and high cultures, as would the sort of humanely demanding tone which I'm tempted to compare to a trekking guide who urges you to keep up while at the same time solicitously making sure you're able to do so. But I'm assuming, for the purposes of this essay, unless the editor directs otherwise, that you know DFW's work and recognize these aspects of it. Since otherwise your reading of this essay is basically redundant.a
a. Since how would you be inhibited from imitating an innovation of which you were ignorant?b
b. Alliteration deliberately gratuitous.
14.^ The sentence construction here is deliberately awkward and unwieldy and just basically difficult or unsatisfactory to read, for the purposes of a joke.
15.^ W.G. Sebald, obviously. Except technically that's fiction. Although, come on.
16.^ 'Zeitgeist' alert: proceed with caution.
17.^ Take as implicit here that I'll also be checking email, news, football scores and popular social networking sites, as well as changing my mind about what music to listen to given the near-universal choice offered by services such as Spotify. This kind of fidgety inefficiency is a given, isn't it?
18.^ Which I did, in 2004, courtesy of the British Antarctic Survey and Arts Council England, both of whom are still waiting ever so patiently for anything substantial to result, and to both of whom I remain grateful. When something of substance does emerge, as I still maintain it eventually will, it's likely to utilize – you may surmise from the drift of this entire essay – footnotes.
19.^ Footnotes?
20.^ Ta-dah!
21.^ And this was a further innovation which was often commented on and seen as somehow a humorous device but which I think was more of a genuine working-through of the way DFW 's narrative brain functioned and the way in which he wanted us to read his work.a
a. With the quality of this-and-this-and-this-at-once which I'm attempting to describe.
22.^ Or even, apparently, in the smartphone 'app'a edition of Infinite Jest, to touch the footnoted word and see the footnote hover over the text as something like a speech bubble, which I'm just discovering now is also the way footnotes appear within the OpenOffice.org Writer software and I imagine also within Microsoft Word, and which presumably is how DFW viewed his own footnotes whilst working on his own writing, and which I'd like to imagine he would have enjoyed – whilst having well-constructed arguments for the primacy of the printed book – seeing demonstrated on someone's phone.
a. Is it just me who thinks it sinister that this jaunty abbreviation of 'software application' just happens by sheer coincidence also to be an abbreviation of 'Apple', the name of the computing hardware/software company whose supporters spent years banging on about the monopolistic tendencies of Microsoft but now keep quiet about how relentlessly closed and monopolistic is the system their beloved overlords are apparently intent on creating?
23.^ Although what sort of an idiot would do this while still claiming an interest in reading DFW's work is somewhat difficult to imagine. But it does take all sorts. And the openness of the option is one of DFW's generosities as a writer, I think.
24.^ And which, I'm guessing is probably a version of the way he was in conversation when in a position to hold forth on a given topic or, more likely, cluster of topics.a
a. Not that I'd know. I never met him. And the peculiar wistfulness I feel on knowing I now never will makes me feel bad for all the mockery/disbelief I've previously directed towards those who claim any sense of loss or sadness whatsoever when someone to whom they have no actual personal connection dies, e.g., Michael Jackson, Princess Diana, et al. Because knowing that there will be no more work from DFWb is a genuine loss. Not to mention knowing that his family and friends must miss him desperately, and the feeling of potential-associated-sadness by projection which that kind of knowledge also always triggers. Not to mention also the whole other level of recognizing the experience of attempting to support someone living through anything like the appalling depression which d f w was apparently subject to, the consideration of which gives rise to another more pointed dose of potential-associated-sadness by projection; this being something else which people feeling sad about Jacko and Diana also cite, and therefore I again feel bad for any previous mockery/disbelief directed their way.
b. Publication of The Pale King notwithstanding; leaving the question of its brilliance or otherwise aside, it's demonstrably not a finished piece of work.
25.^ 'Dense' here being a good thing, pretty obviously I hope. And note that 'dense' used as a critical insult often reflects badly on the critic and/or the culture which has produced that critic, since why should the compressing of several ideas into a single text be considered somehow a bad thing?
26.^ See the top of this essay. See also footnotes 5 and 7.
27.^ He wasn't alone, I'll concede. Mark Danielewski's House of Leaves, published four years after Infinite Jest, made similarly extensive use of footnotes and endnotes. And let's not forget that Laurence Sterne and Henry Fielding both cut loose with footnotes a long way back. Not to mention Joyce, Salinger, Fowles, Barth . . . but it was DFW who attained a reputation or notoriety for his use of them; and it was DFW who as far as I can tell has inhibited most writers from using them since, say, the early noughties.
28.^ I'm excluding academic and technical writing here, of course, and the standard type of footnote which predated DFW's use of footnotes, as well as the minor and somewhat tentative footnotes seen in literary journals such as the Believer.
29.^ I'm trying not to go so far, here, as to say something mawkish and intrusive like, 'It does a disservice to his memory'; but I'll admit I'm coming pretty close, and acknowledge the mawkishness and intrusiveness of doing so. But you can see why I'm coming so close, can't you?
30.^ I'm not entirely sure of the mechanics of such a thing: while an international conference with biscuits and fizzy water and translation headsets and people saying things like 'the dialectics of the discourse' might be fun, it's difficult to see where the funding would come from. It seems more likely that should this essay find a publication I'll ask the editor to attach an endnote alluding to a newly created page on a popular social networking site where people can add their names to the FMCT (Proposed) in vast and influential numbers.
31.^ Or, okay, maybe he wasn't absolutely the first; but see footnote 27.
32.^ See also the first of Robin Williams's pupils to stand on his desk and say, 'O Captain, my Captain'. See also 'I'm Spartacus.' See also drunk man on bus trying to sing 'Auld Lang Syne' at 7 p.m. on New Year's Eve.
33.^ To sign up to the FMCT (Proposed) in vast and influential numbers, find 'Footnote Moratorium Cessation Treaty (Proposed)' on Facebook and click both 'like' and 'share'. Or send a suitably endorsed postcard to: Footnote Moratorium Cessation Treaty (Proposed), c/o Five Dials, Hamish Hamilton, xxxx,.
Jon McGregor
Jon McGregor is the author of three novels, most recently Even the Dogs. He is the winner of the Betty Trask Prize and the Somerset Maugham Award, and has twice been longlisted for the Man Booker Prize. He lives in Nottingham, England.
Five Dials· 29th July 2015
Back IssuesNumber 20 | General Interest
Back IssuesNumber 10 | In Memoriam: David Foster Wallace


Katarzyna Birchley joined Waterland Private Equity in 2016 as Office Manager. She provides administrative support to the entire Warsaw Investment team. Prior to her employment at Waterland, Katarzyna worked as Assistant to the Head of Representation at Joschka Fischer & Company. In previous years she also worked as Office Manager in the pharmaceutical and medical industries and for Destination Management Companies. She holds a Bachelor's degree in Travel & Tourism together with an award for the best Master's thesis.


text:
Ciano may refer to:

 Ciano (surname), a surname of Italian origin
 Ciano (Crocetta del Montello), a hamlet (frazione) of Crocetta del Montello, Veneto
 Ciano d'Enza, a hamlet (frazione) of Canossa, Emilia-Romagna
 Ciano (album), album of rock band Brazilian Fresno

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


You are invited to attend a fundamental baseball skills clinic. This clinic will provide basic skills for parents and players that are new to baseball (never played before).
Clinic will be held at the Bay Area Dad's Club on Field #5. This is the park near Clear Lake City Blvd and Highway 3 where the league games will be played. Field 5 is behind the batting cages on Village Evergreen Trail.
You can participate in this activity independent of your team.
BATB Division Director Sulie Nunez will provide the clinic with live examples shown by Senior Division baseball player mentors.
Parents - Bring your players with their gloves and expect at LEAST one hour of fundamental skills explanation and live examples of practice drills on the field for catching, throwing, batting and base running. You will be on the field with your players for the entirety of the clinic, SO DRESS ACCORDINGLY.
Coaches who attend can expect to see basic skills explanations and how to incorporate those skills into age-appropriate drills for 3 to 4-year-olds. Sulie will show you how to evolve the drills into fun, self-motivating and competitive games to use for practices.
Managers who attend can expect to see how to delegate these drills to your coaches in a manner that will provide a way for you to evaluate player potential and identify areas that need more work for each player.