text:
National Defence
Compensation and Benefits Instructions
Chapter 209 - Transportation and Travelling Expenses
Disclaimer: The Compensation Benefit Instructions (CBI) are provided electronically in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Portable Document Format (PDF) versions. HTML is provided solely for the convenience of readers. The only official version of the CBI made under the authority of the National Defence Act is in electronic PDF format found on this web site.
Section 1 – General
209.01 - Definitions
209.013 - Special Powers of the Minister
209.015 - Exceptions and Limitations to Entitlements under this CBI Chapter
209.02 - Unpaid Ranks
209.03 - Preparation and Submission of Claims
209.04 - Transportation when Processing to and Returning from Class "A" Reserve Service and Class "B" Reserve Service
209.045 - Transportation Assistance for Reserve Force Personnel on Class "A" Reserve Service
Section 2 – Transportation and Accommodation
209.27 - Hire of Private Motor Cars
209.28 - Commuting Assistance
209.29 — Special Commuting Assistance (SCA)
Section 3 – Travelling Expenses
209.30 - Travelling Expenses – Conditions and Entitlements
209.31 - Reimbursement for Weekend Travel While on Temporary Duty
209.335 - Family Care Assistance
209.35 - Expenses when a Ship is Temporarily Evacuated due to Disruptions in Essential Services
209.36 – Custodial Expence - has been moved to Chapter 208.998, effective 1 September 2018
209.37 – Senior Appointment and Key Leadership Position Travel – Reserve Force Personnel on Class "A" Reserve Service
Section 4 – Incidental Travelling Expenses
209.42 - Repealed by TB on 1 December 2003 Effective 1 October 2002
Section 5 – Transportation on Leave
209.50 - Transportation on Leave
209.51 - Compassionate Travel Asssistance
209.52 - Transportation on Special Leave
209.53 - Assisted Leave Transportation Expense
209.54 - Reimbursement of Expenses when Recalled from or on Cancellation of Leave
Section 6 – Entitlement at Time of Enrolment
209.60 - Definition
209.61 - Applicants for Enrolment
209.63 - Leave Without Pay and Allowances on Enrolment
Section 7 – Relocation Benefits - Special Cases
209.715 - Transportation and Travelling Entitlements on Termination of Class "C" Reserve Service for Misconduct - Reserve Force
209.72 - Transportation and Travelling Entitlements on Release for Misconduct - Regular Force
209.73 - Transportation and Travelling Entitlements on Release - Alien Members - Regular Force
Section 8 – Relocation Expenses
(has been moved to Chapter 208, effective 1 January 2012)
Section 9 – Canadian Forces Integrated Relocation Program
Section 10 – Miscellaneous
209.99 - Entitlement to Transportation Benefits on Reinstatement - Regular Force
209.991 - Transportation Entitlements of Non-Commissioned Members who Re-Engage While on Terminal Leave
209.9911 - Transportation of Dependants – Limitation of Entitlement
209.9912 - Transportation of Former Dependants and Shipment of Furniture and Effects for Other Than Service Reasons
209.9913 - Reimbursement for Transportation and Travelling Expenses of Service or Retired Officers and Non-Commissioned Members and Guests Attensing Investitures
209.992 - Transportation of Dependants – Medical Care and Dental Treatment
209.9922 - Transportation of a Deceased Dependant or an Officer or Non-Commissioned Member whose Dependant has died or a Dependant of a Deceased Officer or Non-Commissioned Member
209.994 - Transportation and Travelling Expenses - Access to Furniture and Effects in Long-Term Storage
209.9941 - Shipment of Replacement Furniture and Effects
209.9942 - Movement of Dependants, Furniture and Effects - Personnel Reinstated - Regular Force
209.995 - Employment Assistance for Spouses and Commin-Law Partners
209.9952 - Shipment of Unaccompanied Personal Baggage - Officers and Non-Commissioned Members on Other Than Temporary Duty and Dependants
209.996 - Local Move of Furniture and Effects
209.9961 - Local Move of Furniture and Effects - Furnished Family Housing
209.9962 - Reimbursement on Postponement or Cancellation of a Posting
209.9963 - Reimbursement of Additional Living Expenses - Dependants Separated from an Officer or Non-Commissioned Member on Posting
209.997 - Separation Expense
Chapter 209 - Transportation and Travelling Expenses [PDF - 1.04 MB]
The definitions in this instruction apply in sections 1 to 6.
means the berth, seat or other accommodation that may be provided to an officer or non-commissioned member in a railway train or other conveyance.
means transportation provided at public expense under CBI 209.30 - Entitlement and Instruction, (see Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instructions) and does not include accommodation, meals, gratuities and similar incidentals.
travelling expenses
means travelling expenses at the rates established Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction.
(effective 1 October 2002)
Amendment 2/03
209.013(1) (Definition) In this instruction, compensation means all expenses and all benefits, whether primarily of a financial nature or not, established in this chapter.
209.013(2) (Power of the Minister) Where in this chapter an officer or non-commissioned member or a member's dependants have not received compensation because the relevant circumstances, although not dissimilar to, were different from the circumstances established, the Minister may, if the Minister considers it would be equitable and consistent with the purpose of this chapter, approve the grant of all or part of that compensation.
209.015 - Exceptions and Limitations to Entitlements under this Chapter
209.015(1) (Limitations) Subject to paragraph (2) and despite sections 2 – Transportation and Accommodation, 3 – Travelling Expenses and 4 – Incidental Travelling Expenses, the entitlement of an officer or non-commissioned member to any of the expenses described in those sections may be limited in whole or in part, if:
(amended by TB, effective 1 March 2022)
expenses in whole or in part, or any other remuneration, of the member who is sent on duty are paid by a third party; or
prior to proceeding on duty, the member waives their entitlement in whole or in part to the expenses described in sections 2, 3 and 4.
209.015(2) (Cap) No limitation may be imposed under paragraph (1) that exceeds the expenses or other remuneration paid by the third party or the expenses waived by the officer or non-commissioned member.
209.015(3) (Expenses denied or paid by a third party) When a limitation is imposed under paragraph (1), any monies received as expenses or other remuneration by the officer or non-commissioned member from a third party may be retained by the member in lieu of any expenses under section 2, 3 or 4 that are denied the member under paragraph (1).
This chapter applies to officers and non-commissioned members holding unpaid acting rank as though they held the equivalent paid rank.
209.03(1) (Submission of claim) Claims for transportation and travelling expenses shall be prepared and submitted in such manner and supported by such receipts and vouchers as may be required by the CBI and by any orders or instructions issued by the Chief of the Defence Staff.
209.03(2) (No subsequent adjustment) After a claim has been paid, no subsequent adjustment shall be made as a result of any antedated promotion, relinquishment of rank or appointment promulgated after the payment.
209.04: Repealed Consequentually to TB Approval of 1 December 2003
209.045 - Transportation Assistance for Reserve Force Personnel on Class A Reserve Service
(TB 4 April 2022, has been moved to CBI 209.295 (Transportation Assistance for Reserve Force Personnel on Class "A" Reserve Service), Effective 1 March 2022)
209.20: Repealed by TB on 1 December 2003 Effective 1 October 2002
209.27(1) (Hire of private motor car) A commanding officer may, with the approval of an officer commanding a command or the Chief of the Defence Staff, hire the private motor car of an officer or non-commissioned member for use in tactical exercises or for other similar purposes and the member is entitled to reimbursement for the use of the motor car as follows:
if up to three persons are carried – $8 a day;
if four to six persons are carried – $10 a day; and
if more than six persons are carried – $12 a day.
209.27(2) (Car insurance) No private motor car may be hired under paragraph (1) unless, for any period during which the motor car is hired, the owner
carries insurance against third party liability in respect of
legal liability for bodily injury or death, and
legal liability for damage to the property of others; and
is insured against loss or damage to their motor car by collision, fire or theft, or
undertakes in writing to waive any claim against the Crown for any such loss or damage to their motor car.
209.27(3) (Compliance) The commanding officer shall be satisfied, before a private motor car of an officer or non-commissioned member is hired, that the conditions described in paragraph (2) are met.
209.28(1) (Definitions) The definitions in this paragraph apply in this instruction.
adequate public transportation
means public transportation that is scheduled at appropriate times to permit employees to work their allotted schedule and return home within a reasonable time after work and that has the capacity to carry the work force.
suitable residential community
means the community designated by the Minister where most of the employees at a place of duty would be expected to reside.
means the actual building or other place to which an officer or non-commissioned member regularly reports for duty.
209.28(2) (Authorization) Commuting assistance may be authorized by the Minister, in respect of
a new worksite designated by the Minister that is not served by adequate public transportation and is situated more than 16 road kilometres from the nearest suitable residential community;
an existing worksite for which commuting assistance was, prior to the making of this instruction, authorized for public service employees, that is not now served by adequate public transportation and that is situated more than 16 road kilometres from the nearest suitable residential community; or
an existing worksite when that location meets the established qualifications but was in existence prior to 1 January 1973, is not now served by adequate public transportation and is situated more than 16 road kilometres from the nearest suitable residential community.
209.28(3) (Types of commuting assistance) Commuting assistance may be in the form of a kilometrage allowance, assisted transportation or free transportation as determined by the Chief of the Defence Staff, but normally only one form of commuting assistance will be authorized in respect of each designated worksite.
209.28(4) (Method of commuting assistance) When commuting assistance is authorized in respect of a worksite and the Chief of the Defence Staff has determined the form of the commuting assistance, that assistance shall be provided as follows:
if assistance in the form of free transportation is authorized, transportation shall be by publicly-owned or chartered vehicle between the worksite and the nearest public transportation system;
if assistance in the form of assisted transportation is authorized, transportation shall be by publicly-owned or chartered vehicle
between the worksite and a suitable residential community,
for any officer or non-commissioned member serving at the worksite who enters or leaves the vehicle at any point on its normal direct route between the worksite and a suitable residential community, and
at the cost established by Treasury Board for a public service employee for each one-way trip or the normal fare on the public transportation system within the designated community, whichever is greater; or
if assistance in the form of an allowance per kilometre is authorized, then an officer or non-commissioned member is entitled — for each one way trip between the member's worksite and the member's residence that is necessarily made by the member in daily travel to or from work — to assistance determined by the formula
[ ( A − 16 − P ) × B ]
A is the direct road distance between the member's worksite and their residence, or the centre of the suitable residential community, whichever is closer to the worksite;
B is the kilometric rate for the location of the worksite as set out in "Appendix A — Lower Kilometric Rates" of the National Joint Council Commuting Assistance Directive, as amended from time to time; and
P is the distance the member travels as a passenger with another person who is reimbursed at public expense for travelling that distance.
209.29(1) (Purpose) The purpose of the Special Commuting Assistance (SCA) is to provide compensation to eligible members for some of the costs relating to a reasonable daily commute as an alternative to a move under the Canadian Armed Forces Relocation Directive (CAFRD).
209.29(2) (Entitlement) A member is entitled to receive SCA if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
after 31 March 2021, the member is posted to a new permanent workplace and is eligible for a relocation under the CAFRD;
if the member's current residence is located outside the geographical boundaries established as the acceptable residency distance for the new permanent workplace, the member has received the required approval to reside outside those boundaries;
in relation to the new posting, either:
the direct road distance between the member's current residence and the new permanent workplace is 100 kilometres or less, or
paragraph (3) applies;
in relation to the new posting, the member has not received:
Separation Expense under CBI 208.997 (Separation Expense), or
any relocation benefits under the CAFRD;
in relation to the new posting, the member agrees to forfeit entitlement to any relocation benefits under the CAFRD and to Separation Expense under CBI 208.997 (Separation Expense) until the next posting for which the member is entitled to be moved at public expense;
when travelling from the member's current residence to their new permanent workplace, the member is the driver of their private motor vehicle; and
in accordance with paragraphs (4) and (5), the Approval Authority is satisfied that SCA is more practical and economical than a short distance move.
209.29(3) (Entitlement – Routes) For the purposes of subparagraph (2)(c)(ii), the approving authority may approve SCA for a reasonable daily commute if the member is eligible for a relocation under the CAFRD between any of the following places of duty:
between Winnipeg MB and Portage la Prairie MB;
between Borden ON and Meaford ON;
between Borden ON and Toronto ON;
between Trenton ON and Kingston ON;
between the National Capital Region (Ottawa ON / Gatineau QC) and Cornwall ON; or
between Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu QC, Saint-Hubert QC, Mirabel QC and Montreal QC.
209.29(4) (Approval Authority) The following officers may approve the member to receive SCA, subject to the limitations at paragraphs (8) and (9):
in relation to a Regular Force member, the gaining Commanding Officer; and
n relation to a Reserve Force member on Class "B" or "C" Reserve service, the Director Compensation Benefits Administration (DCBA).
209.29(5) (Approval Authority considerations) When determining whether SCA is more practical and economical than a short distance move, the approval authority will consider the following factors:
the potential impact of the member's daily commute on unit operations and efficiency;
the estimated cost of payment of the SCA benefit over the expected length of the member's posting;
the hypothetical cost of payment of unaccompanied relocation benefits under the CAFRD;
the average cost of a domestic relocation – as listed in the most recent Cost Factors Manual; and
the impact of a short distance move on the member and their dependants.
209.29(6) (Entitlement – Transitional) In relation to a member who on 31 March 2021 was in receipt of SCA as approved by the DCBA under the Canadian Forces Integrated Relocation Program Directive, and subject to the limitations at paragraphs (8) and (9):
the Regular Force member's entitlement to SCA continues under this instruction until the next posting in which the member is entitled to be moved; and
the Reserve Force member's entitlement to SCA continues under this instruction until the end of the period for which it was approved, unless an extension is approved under paragraph (4).
209.29(7) (Amount) The amount of SCA payable for each day travelled for duty purposes between the member's residence and the member's new permanent workplace is determined by the formula
[ ( A – B ) × C × D ) ]
A is the one-way direct road distance between the member's residence and the member's new permanent workplace;
B is the deductible distance and is equal to
if paragraph (6) applies, 16 kilometres, or
in any other case, 40 kilometres;
C is the number of one-way trips by the member between the member's residence and the member's new permanent workplace to a maximum of two trips; and
D is the kilometric rate payable to a member of the public service under Appendix A of the National Joint Council Commuting Assistance Directive, as amended from time to time, and that corresponds to the province or territory in which the member's current residence is located.
209.29(8) (Duration of SCA – Regular Force) The entitlement under this instruction will cease on the later of:
five years from the change of strength date for the posting to the member's current permanent workplace; and
31 March 2026.
209.29(9) (Duration of SCA – Reserve Force) The entitlement under this instruction will cease on the date determined by DCBA, not to exceed later of:
five years from the commencement date of the period of full-time Reserve Force service for which SCA was approved; and
(TB, effective 1 April 2021)
209.295 –Transportation Assistance for Reserve Force Personnel on Class "A" Reserve Service
209.295(1) (Definitions) The definitions in this paragraph apply in this instruction.
means public transportation that is scheduled at appropriate times to permit officers or non-commissioned members to work their allotted schedule and return to their residence within a reasonable time after work and that has the capacity to carry the work force.
means a building or other place where an officer or non-commissioned member reports for training or duty.
209.295(2) (Travel assistance) An officer or non-commissioned member on Class "A" Reserve Service is entitled to transportation assistance under this paragraph based on distance travelled when:
the member lives a minimum of 16 kilometres from their worksite; and
transportation cannot be provided from Government sources, or adequate public transport is not available.
209.295(3) (Amount of assistance) The amount of the assistance payable for each one way trip between the member's worksite and the member's residence is determined by the formula
[ ( A − 16 ) × B ]
A is, to a maximum of 100 kilometres, the direct road distance between the member's residence and their worksite; and
B is the kilometric rate — for the location of the worksite — as set out in "Appendix A — Lower Kilometric Rates" of the National Joint Council Commuting Assistance Directive, as amended from time to time.
(TB 4 April 2022, moved from 209.045, effective 1 March 2022)
209.30 – Entitlement and Instruction
209.30(1) (Benefits) Section 35(2) of the National Defence Act authorizes the Treasury Board to determine and regulate the payments for the duty travel expenses of Canadian Forces members.
209.30(2) (Administrative Instructions)Under subsection 18(2) of the National Defence Act, the Chief of the Defence Staff may issue administrative instructions to the Canadian Forces in respect of duty travel.
209.31(1) (Entitlement) Subject to the limitations at paragraphs (4) and (5), a member who proceeds on temporary duty in Canada is entitled to be reimbursed for transportation and travelling expenses as set out in the Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instructions for weekend travel to and from their normal place of duty or the place where their dependants are residing, if all the following conditions are satisfied:
the member is away from their permanent workplace in Canada, for reasons other than attending a course of training or instruction;
the member is authorized to travel on a weekend;
the member is not travelling on any days for which leave has been granted under Section 2 – Long Leave or Section 3 – Short Leave of QR&O Chapter 16;
before beginning the travel, the member has served at least eight days of duty at the temporary duty location;
in respect of a Reserve Force member, they are not serving on Class "A" Reserve Service; and
upon return from weekend travel, the member has
at least three days remaining at the temporary duty location when the member is on temporary duty for the performance of tasks that are part of their normal duties, or
at least eight days remaining at the temporary duty location when the member is on temporary duty for the performance of tasks that are outside of their normal duties.
209.31(2) (Interpretation – normal duties) For the purpose of this instruction, a member on temporary duty:
is considered to be performing tasks that are part their normal duties if either
they are performing duties that they typically perform at their permanent workplace, or
they are a Reserve Force member who commences a new period Class B Reserve Service for the purpose of proceeding on the temporary duty; and
in any other case, is considered to be performing tasks that are outside of their normal duties.
209.31(3) (Interpretation – weekend) For the purpose of this instruction, a weekend is:
considered to be
in the case of a shift worker, the member's scheduled non-working days, or
in any other case, a Saturday and Sunday; plus
any statutory or designated holidays and any non-working days scheduled by the unit at which the member is on temporary duty that are adjacent to the days at subparagraph (a).
209.31(4) (Limitation – Reimbursement when performing tasks that are part of normal duties) Where the purpose of the temporary duty is the performance of tasks that are part of the member's normal duties, the member's entitlement under this instruction is limited to the cost of maintaining the member at the temporary duty location over the weekend, calculated as follows:
where the member is being provided meals and accommodation at public expense, the hypothetical cost of providing those meals and accommodation for the weekend; plus
any entitlements under the Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instructions at the temporary duty location.
209.31(5) (Limitation – Reimbursement when performing tasks that are outside of normal duties) Where the purpose of the temporary duty is the performance of tasks that are outside of the member's normal duties, the member's entitlement under this instruction is limited to one trip during each 30-day period of absence.
209.335(1) (Application) This instruction applies to an officer or non-commissioned member of the Regular Force or of the Reserve Force on Class B or C Reserve Service, who has a dependant who is
less than 18 years of age; or
18 years of age or older but requires assistance due to a physical or mental disability and is not in receipt of a pension.
commercial care
means dependant care services provided by:
a person who provides dependant care services as a regular source of income and does not ordinarily reside with the member; or
a commercial enterprise that is in the business of providing dependant care services.
daily amount for dependant care
means the daily reimbursable amount for dependant care expenses, with a receipt or declaration, whichever is applicable, as established from time to time in the National Joint Council Travel Directive.
dependant
has the same meaning as in CBI 208.80 (Application and Definitions).
means the place where the member and their dependants were last moved at public expense and ordinarily reside.
place of duty
has the same meaning as in CBI 208.80.
service couple
means two members who are married, or living in a common-law partnership recognized under QR&O 1.075.
209.335(3) (Entitlement – absent from place of duty) Subject to paragraph (6), a member who, for service reasons, is absent from their place of duty for a period of 24 hours or more, is entitled to be reimbursed for dependant care services in an amount set out in paragraph (8), if the member
does not have a spouse or common-law partner; or
has a spouse or common-law partner who is a member but that spouse or common-law partner
does not live at the member's place of duty for service reasons, or
lives at the member's place of duty, but for service reasons is absent from that place of duty during the same period.
209.335(4) (Entitlement – absent from family home located at the place of duty) A member who, while on military training or military exercise at their place of duty, is absent from their family home for a period of 24 hours or more is entitled to be reimbursed for dependant care services in an amount set out in paragraph (8), if the member
209.335(5) (Service couples) If both members of a service couple who are serving at the same place of duty are absent from the family home for a period of 24 hours or more while on military training or military exercise at that place of duty, one of the members is entitled to be reimbursed for dependant care services in an amount set out in paragraph (8).
209.335(6) (Service reasons) For the purposes of paragraphs (3) to (5), a member who is absent from the family home or from their place of duty in order to serve a punishment imposed by a service tribunal is not considered to be absent for service reasons.
209.335(7) (Limitation to entitlement) A member is not entitled to be reimbursed for dependant care services if a person who is 18 years of age or older is normally resident with the member, unless that person
suffers from a physical or mental disability and is incapable of providing dependant care; or
provides dependant care services as a regular source of income.
209.335(8) (Amount) Reimbursement is limited to the daily amount established by the National Joint Council Travel Directive for dependant care, with receipt or declaration, as applicable. A member referred to in paragraphs (3) to (5) is entitled to be the difference between:
the amount paid by the member for dependant care services as a direct result of their being absent from their family home or place of duty for a period of 24 hours or more; and
the amount normally paid by the member for dependant care services.
209.335(9) (Exception) Despite paragraph (8), a member who receives less than 48 hours notice of the requirement to be absent from the family home or their place of duty for a period of 24 hours or more, except for the purpose of military training, is entitled to be reimbursed a maximum of 14 days at the commercial rate as promulgated by the National Joint Council Travel Directive. (See form DND 2269, Family Care Assistance, for further information).
209.335(10) (Taxation) Family Care Assistance is not a taxable employment benefit.
(TB 1 June 2018, effective 1st September 2018)
209.35(1) (Entitlement to reimbursement)When it becomes necessary for a ship to be temporarily evacuated for the purpose of fumigation, refit or repairs or for other reasons, an officer or non-commissioned member serving on board the ship is entitled to be paid actual and reasonable expenses up to the maximum rates and in the manner set out in the Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction.
209.35(2) (Exceptional circumstances) An officer or non-commissioned member whose dependants were last moved at public expense to the area, or whose dependants were acquired in the area, where the ship is evacuated and have never been moved at public expense, is not entitled to payment of the expenses described in paragraph (1), unless otherwise authorized, in exceptional circumstances, by the Minister.
209.36 – Custodial Expense
(has been moved to Chapter 208, effective 1 September 2018. See CBI 208.998 (Custodial Expense))
209.37(1) (Purpose) The purpose of this benefit is to provide reimbursement of transportation and travelling expenses to Primary Reserve members on Class "A" Reserve Service who, for employment in a senior appointment or key leadership position, are required to travel within Canada more than 100 kilometres directly between their residence and their duty location.
209.37(2) (Definition – duty location) For the purposes of this instruction, "duty location" means:
the place of duty at which the member is employed in the senior appointment or key leadership position; or
the alternate location to which the member must travel to fulfill their duties in respect of their employment at subparagraph (a).
209.37(3) (Entitlement) A Reserve Force member is entitled to be reimbursed transportation and travelling expenses in accordance with the terms and conditions set out in the Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instructions (CFTDTI) as though the member is travelling on temporary duty between their residence and their duty location, if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
they are serving on Class "A" Reserve Service;
they are the subject of a senior appointment or key leadership position designation instruction issued by the Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) or by an officer authorized by the CDS to issue that instruction;
they are employed in that senior appointment or key leadership position under subparagraph (b);
they are travelling more than 100 kilometres directly between their residence and their duty location under subparagraph (c), both of which are in Canada; and
their travel under subparagraph (d) is authorized in advance by the approving authority in accordance with CFTDTI 4.03 (Duty Travel — Authorization).
(TB, effective 1 March 2022)
209.50 - Leave Travel Assistance (LTA)
209.50(1) (Purpose) The purpose of Leave Travel Assistance is to reimburse Canadian Forces members for some expenses paid because of travel on leave to meet a family member.
209.50(2) (Definitions) The following definitions apply in this instruction:
commercial carrier
includes but not limited to:
a commercial passenger aviation service;
a commercial passenger railway service;
a commercial inter-city bus service; or
a ferry service,
i. between two locations within British Columbia, or
ii. between any two of the following provinces: New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island.
1. Examples of a commercial passenger aviation service includes but not limited to Air Canada, Air France, British Airways, Buffalo Airways, Canadian North, Lufthansa, Porter and WestJet
2. Examples of a commercial passenger railway service includes but not limited to Amtrak, Deutsche Bahn, Ontario Northland, and Via Rail.
3. Examples of a commercial inter-city bus company includes but not limited to Greyhound Lines, Greyhound Canada, Maritime Bus, and Voyageur Colonial Bus Lines.
a dependant as defined in CBI 208.997 but excludes a child who normally resides separate from the member for other than service reasons.
means:
a dependant;
in respect of a member who has no dependant, a member's child, including a stepchild, legal ward, adopted child, or child adopted under a Canadian aboriginal custom adoption practice;
in respect of a member who has no dependant and no child, the member's parent, step-parent, or a person who stood, prior to the member's enrolment, in the place of the member's father or mother;
in respect of a member who has no dependant, no child, and no parent, the member's brother, stepbrother, sister, or stepsister; and
where subparagraphs (a) through (d) do not apply, a person designated by the member to be their next of kin. (membre de la famille)
In order to determine if a person stood in place of a member's father or mother, that person must have lived at the same residence with the member and made day-to-day decisions concerning the member's education, health and well-being.(C)
Leave Travel Assistance
or LTA means the reimbursement of expenses identified in this instruction.
a place of duty as defined in paragraph (3) of CBI 208.80 ( Application and Definitions); or
the place where a member is performing duty.
principal residence
in respect of a member with a dependant, a principal residence as defined in CBI 208.997 (Separation Expense); and
in respect of a member without a dependant, a residential property that a family member occupies for more than 183 days in a continuous 365 day period.
means two members both of whom are the spouse or common-law partner of the other and one of whom is:
a member of the Regular Force; or
a member of the Reserve Force who is both on Class B or C Reserve Service and authorized to move household goods and effects at public expense for that Class B or C Reserve Service.
in relation to a member, does not include a spouse who is living separate and apart, within the meaning of the Divorce Act, from the member.
209.50(3) (Entitlement) A member of the Regular Force, of the Reserve Force who is on Class C Reserve Service for 60 or more continuous days, or of the Reserve Force who is on Class B Reserve Service and authorized to move their household goods and effects at public expense for that Class B Reserve Service, is entitled to LTA if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the member is on leave under QR&O chapter 16 (Leave), except under article 16.18 (Retirement Leave), article 16.25 (Leave Without Pay and Allowances), article 16.26 (Maternity Leave) and article 16.27 (Parental Leave) of the QR&O;
the member has a family member;
during leave, either the member travels to see a family member or a family member travels to see the member;
the member provides proof of travel to an authorized destination;
the member is not entitled to a payment for travel expenses under section 21 (Home Leave Travel Assistance) of the Military Foreign Service Instructions; and
only in respect of a member with a dependant, the member is – for 60 continuous days – either entitled to Separation Expense under CBI 208.997 (Separation Expense) or absent – for service reasons – from their place of duty.
209.50(4) (Number – Persons) LTA is authorized in respect of the travel expenses of only one person.
209.50(5) (Number – Trips) LTA is authorized:
for a member without a dependant, once every fiscal year, and leave travel that spans two fiscal years is deemed to have occurred in the fiscal year in which the travel commenced; or
for a member with a dependant, once during each discrete 365 day period following the commencement of their entitlement to Separation Expense under CBI 208.997 or, of their absence – for service reasons – from their place of duty. Leave travel that spans two discrete 365 day periods is deemed to have occurred in the 365 day period in which the travel commenced.
209.50(6) (Authorized Destinations) LTA is authorized for travel:
in respect of a member with a dependant,
by the member to their principal residence, to a spouse's or common-law partner's place of duty, or to a third location where a dependant is; or
by a dependant to the member's place of duty or to a third location where the member is; and
in respect of a member without a dependant,
by the member to a principal residence or to a third location where a family member is; or
by a family member to the member's place of duty or to a third location where the member is.
209.50(7) (Amount – Travel Within Canada and the United States) Subject to paragraph (8), if all travel occurs within Canada and the United States of America (CANUS), the amount of LTA is the lesser of:
the actual cost of return travel by commercial carrier, or by PMV at OLKR, or a combination of both,
in respect of a service couple who meet at a place of duty, from the member's place of duty to the other member's place of duty; and
in any other case, from the member's place of duty to the principal residence; and
the amount determined by the formula,
[({Dx2} - 800) - P] x OLKR
D is the most direct kilometric road distance,
in respect of a service couple who meet at a place of duty, from the member's place of duty to the other member's place of duty, and
in any other case, from the member's place of duty to the principal residence;
P is the distance the member travels as a passenger in a private motor vehicle with another person who is reimbursed at public expense for travelling that distance; and
OLKR is the Ontario lower kilometric rate in Appendix A of the National Joint Council Commuting Assistance Directive, as amended from time to time.
209.50(8) (Amount – CANUS Road Travel Impossible) Where paragraph (7) applies and if the authorized destination is inaccessible by road, the amount of LTA is the amount determined by the formula:
C - (OLKR x 800)
where C is the cost under subparagraph (7)(a) and OLKR is the Ontario lower kilometric rate in Appendix A of the National Joint Council Commuting Assistance Directive, as amended from time to time.
209.50(9) (Amount – Travel Between CANUS and Another Country) If any travel occurs between CANUS and another country, the amount of LTA is the lesser of:
the actual cost of return travel by commercial carrier from the member's place of duty to the principal residence; and
the amount of 13092 × OLKR, where OLKR is the Ontario lower kilometric rate in Appendix A of the National Joint Council Commuting Assistance Directive, as amended from time to time.
209.51 - Compassionate Travel Assistance
209.51(1) (Application) This instruction applies to an officer or non-commissioned member to whom section 23 of the Military Foreign Service Instructions does not apply.
has the same meaning as in CBI 209.50 (Leave Travel Assistance (LTA)).
Compassionate Travel Assistance or CTA
means the reimbursement of expenses identified in this instruction.
eligible child
means a member's, their spouse's, or their common-law partner's child – including a stepchild, legal ward, adopted child or child adopted under a Canadian aboriginal custom adoption practice – who is dependent on the member because the child either is under 18 years of age or is mentally or physically disabled.
immediate family member
a member's spouse or common-law partner;
a member's, their spouse's, or their common-law partner's child — including a stepchild, legal ward, adopted child or child adopted under a Canadian aboriginal custom adoption practice;
a member's, their spouse's or their common-law partner's father, mother, step father, step mother, brother, step brother, sister or step sister; or
in lieu of a parent, a person who stood in the place of the member's, their spouse's or their common-law partner's father or mother. (membre de la famille immédiate)
In order to determine if a person stood in place of a mother or father, that person must have lived at the same residence with the member, their spouse or their common-law partner as the case may be, and made day-to-day decisions concerning that individual's education, health and well-being.(C)
point of departure
in relation to a member who is on leave under article 16.17 (Compassionate Leave) of the QR&O, the place where the member performed duty immediately prior to that leave; and
in relation to any other person, a principal residence as defined in CBI 208.997 (Separation Expense).
serious illness or injury
means a medical condition that is usually not life-threatening but can negatively impact quality of life and daily function, and requires the person to have immediate treatment as an in-patient in a hospital. (maladie ou blessure très grave)
209.51(3) (Entitlement) A member of the Regular Force, or a member of the Reserve Force who is on Class C Reserve Service for 60 or more continuous days, or a member of the Reserve Force who is on Class B Reserve Service and authorized to move their household goods and effects at public expense for that Class B Reserve Service, is entitled to CTA if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
an immediate family member:
is permanently moving into a long-term care facility, has no surviving spouse or common-law partner, and has no other family member who can facilitate that move; or
dies or is seriously ill or injured;
the member:
is on leave under article 16.16 (Sick Leave), article 16.17 (Compassionate Leave), article 16.26 (Maternity Leave), or article 16.27 (Parental Leave) of the QR&O; or (amended by TB, effective 1 March 2022)
cannot travel – for service reasons – to the immediate family member or their funeral;
the member, their spouse, their common-law partner or an eligible child travels to that immediate family member or their funeral;
the member provides:
a copy of the immediate family member's death certificate; or
a certificate from a qualified medical practitioner stating that the immediate family member either is permanently moving into a long-term care facility or is so seriously ill or injured that their life is in immediate danger, as the case may be; and
the member is not entitled to a payment for travel expenses under section 23 (Compassionate Travel) of the Military Foreign Service Instructions.
209.51(4) (Number – Persons) CTA is authorized in respect of two of the following persons:
a member;
the member's spouse or common-law partner; and
an eligible child, but only when the member has no spouse or common-law partner or when for military reasons the member cannot travel to the immediate family member or their funeral.
209.51(5) (Number – Trips) CTA may be authorized only twice in respect of the same immediate family member for the same illness or injury.
209.51(6) (Amount) Subject to paragraphs (7) and (8), the amount of CTA reimbursable is:
the actual and reasonable expense of one night's accommodation at a hotel if:
it is impractical to make a connecting flight;
the distance traveled by private motor vehicle (PMV) is in excess of 500 kilometers; or
for demonstrated medical reasons, the person must travel by PMV; and
the cost of the fastest return travel from the point of departure to the location of the immediate family member:
by commercial carrier in economy class; or
by PMV or motorcycle at the lower kilometric rate in Appendix A of the National Joint Council (NJC) Commuting Assistance Directive for travel in Canada or the lower kilometric rate in the Foreign Service Directives for travel commencing outside Canada, not exceeding the cost by commercial carrier.
209.51(7) (Limitation – Travel from Canada to another country) If a person travels from Canada to another country by commercial carrier, the amount of CTA for that person's travel is limited to the lesser of:
the cost of the fastest, economy-class return travel by commercial carrier from the point of departure in Canada to the location of the immediate family member; and
the cost of the fastest, economy-class return travel by commercial carrier from the point of departure in Canada to the city – Victoria, BC or St. John's, NL – furthest from that point.
209.51(8) (Limitation – Member on Temporary Duty Outside Canada) If a member is on temporary duty outside Canada, the amount of CTA for that member's travel on compassionate leave is limited to:
in respect of a member who also travels – on temporary duty – between the place of temporary duty outside Canada and their unit in Canada, the cost of the fastest, economy-class return travel by commercial carrier from their unit in Canada to the location of the immediate family member; and
in any other case, the cost of the fastest, economy-class travel by commercial carrier:
from the place of temporary duty outside Canada to the location of the immediate family member; and
from the location of the immediate family member to either the place of temporary duty or the member's principal residence, as the case may be.
209.51(9) (Amount – Certificates) The amount of CTA in respect of medical and death certificates is limited to the actual and reasonable expense or $50, whichever is the lesser, to obtain a medical or death certificate required under this instruction.
has the same meaning as in CBI 209.50 (Leave Travel Assistance).
209.52(2) (Entitlement) A member is entitled to payment of TSLR if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
immediately prior to embarkation for, or immediately following disembarkation from, service with a unit outside of Canada and the continental United States of America:
the member is on leave under QR&O article 16.20 (Special Leave), and
paragraphs 5.10.08 (Third element –embarkation), or 5.10.09 (Fourth element –disembarkation) of the Canadian Forces Leave Policy Manual apply;
in respect of leave immediately prior to embarkation,
that service outside of Canada and the continental United States of America is scheduled to be for a period of 60 continuous days or more, and
neither the member nor the family member has travelled under CBI 209.50 (Leave Travel Assistance (LTA)) within the three months prior to that leave;
in respect of leave immediately following disembarkation, the member was — for 60 or more continuous days — separated for service reasons from a family member; and
during that Special Leave (Relocation), the member travels to see a family member.
209.52(3) (Authorized Travel) TSLR is authorized:
in respect of travel immediately prior to embarkation, from their current place of duty to their principal residence, and from the principal residence to their point of embarkation within Canada or the continental United States; and
in respect of travel immediately following disembarkation, from their point of disembarkation within Canada or the continental United States to their principal residence, and from the principal residence to their place of duty.
209.52(4) (Amount) Subject to paragraph (5), the amount of the TSLR payable is limited to the transportation, accommodation and meal expenses, as if they are travelling on duty under the CFTDTI.
209.52(5) (Limitation of Benefits) For greater certainty, under this instruction there is no entitlement to:
the incidental expense allowance; and
reimbursement of any expenses while the member is at the principal residence.
209.53(1) (Entitlement) An officer or non-commissioned member is entitled to be reimbursed once during each 12-month period for transportation from the member's place of duty to the assisted leave centre, if the following circumstances exist:
the Chief of the Defence Staff has designated an assisted leave centre for the member's place of duty; and
the member is receiving a Foreign Service Premium under the Military Foreign Service Instructions.
209.53(2) (Rate of reimbursement) The officer or non-commissioned member shall be reimbursed the lesser of:
the actual transportation expenses incurred, and
the return economy airfare between the member's place of duty and the assisted leave centre.
209.53(3) (Recovery of reimbursement) The expenses reimbursed to the officer or non-commissioned member shall be recovered from the pay and allowances of the member, if the following circumstances exist:
the member does not complete the period of service for which the expenses were reimbursed; and
in the opinion of the Chief of Defence Staff, the reason for non-completion was not beyond the control of the member.
209.54(1) (Application) SSubject to paragraph (2), an officer or non-commissioned member who is recalled to duty from leave in accordance with QR&O 16.01 (Withholding of and Recall From Leave) or whose approved leave has been cancelled for service reasons may be reimbursed for:
transportation and travelling expenses in accordance with CBI 209.83 - Transportation and Travelling Expenses – Move of Officers and Non-commissioned Members on Posting or of Dependants for the member and, where applicable, their dependants to the place of duty from the place from which the member was recalled and for the return journey if the member resumes leave immediately after completion of the duty for which the member was recalled; and
additional expenses resulting either from the cost of breaking contractual arrangements or cancellation fees that were made specifically for the purpose of an approved leave period.
209.54(2) (Submission of claims for reimbursement) Claims for reimbursement under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in accordance with orders and instructions issued by the Chief of the Defence Staff.
In this section, ordinary place of residence means the place at which a person ordinarily resides at the time of the person's application for enrolment in or transfer to the Regular Force.
209.61(1) (Definition) In this instruction,
a person who has applied for enrolment in the Canadian Forces; or
a member of the Reserve Force who is not on Class B or C Reserve Service and who has applied for transfer to the Regular Force.
209.61(2) (Application) Subject to paragraph (6), an applicant who has been instructed in accordance with orders or instructions issued by the Chief of the Defence Staff to report for interview or to travel between one place of interview and another, and also where the applicant has so reported but is subsequently rejected for any reason, is, in respect of the journey from and to the applicant's ordinary place of residence or between places of interview, entitled to transportation and travelling expenses at the rates and under the conditions established in CBI 209.30 - Entitlements and Instruction, (see Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction).
209.61(3) (Quarters and rations) An applicant to whom paragraph (1) applies shall, for the period the applicant is required to remain or attend at the place of interview, be provided with quarters and rations in kind or, if quarters and rations are not available, the applicant shall be paid
if the applicant resides in the vicinity of the place of interview, and is required to remain over a meal hour, an amount equal to the applicant's actual expenses for one meal per day not exceeding the amount described in CBI 209.30 - Entitlements and Instruction, (see Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction), for a lunch; or
if the applicant resides elsewhere than in the vicinity of the place of interview, travelling expenses as established in CBI 209.30 - Entitlements and Instruction, (see Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction).
209.61(4) (Return to place of residence) When the estimated cost is less than that of maintaining the applicant under paragraph (3), an applicant awaiting acceptance shall be returned to the applicant's ordinary place of residence and paid the expenses described in paragraph (2) for their journey.
209.61(5) (Deferral of enrolment) When an applicant who has reported to a recruiting centre has been found acceptable but is required to return to the applicant's ordinary place of residence because the applicant's enrolment has been deferred for a definite period, the applicant shall, in respect of the journey, be entitled to the expenses described in paragraph (2).
209.61(6) (Applicant outside Canada) When the ordinary place of residence of an applicant is outside Canada, and the applicant has been instructed to report for interview to a place within Canada, the applicant is not entitled, except when authorized by the Minister, to reimbursement in respect of any portion of the journey that takes place outside Canada.
209.61(7) (Refusal of enrolment) When an applicant refuses to be enrolled, the entitlement described in paragraph (3) ceases on the date of the applicant's refusal and no transportation and travelling expenses may be provided for the applicant's return journey
209.63(1) (Entitlement) Subject to paragraph (2), when an officer or non-commissioned member is, on enrolment, granted leave without pay and allowances the member is entitled to the expenses described in paragraph (2) of CBI 209.61 - Applicants for Enrolment:
for the journey from the recruiting centre to the member's ordinary place of residence; and
if required to report at the expiration of that leave to the recruiting centre at which the member was enrolled, for the journey from the member's ordinary place of residence to that recruiting centre.
209.63(2) (Travel from place of residence to base or other unit or element) Subject to paragraph (3), if an officer or non-commissioned member who was granted leave without pay and allowances on enrolment is required to report on the expiration of that leave to a base or other unit or element other than the recruiting centre at which the member was enrolled, the member is entitled to the transportation and travelling expenses (see CBI 209.01 – Definitions) established for the member's rank, for the journey from the member's ordinary place of residence to that base or other unit or element.
209.63(3) (Travel outside Canada) Except when authorized by the Minister, an officer or non-commissioned member who has been enrolled at a place within Canada and is granted leave without pay and allowances on enrolment is not entitled to the expenses described in this instruction for any portion of the journey that takes place outside Canada.
209.715 - Transportation and Travelling Entitlements on Termination of Class C Reserve Service for Misconduct – Reserve Force
209.715(1) (Entitlement to expenses) An officer or non-commissioned member of the Reserve Force on Class C Reserve Service whose period of service is terminated by reason of misconduct may be provided at public expense with transportation by the most economical means and paid necessary meal expenses at the rates described in CBI 209.30 - Entitlements and Instruction, (see Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction), for the journey to the place in Canada at which the member resided at the time the Class C Reserve Service commenced.
209.715(2) (Application for reimbursement) The entitlements established in paragraph (1) shall be granted only when the officer or non-commissioned member applies within 30 days from the termination of the member's Class C Reserve Service, or the member's release from incarceration, whichever is later.
209.72(1) (Entitlement to expenses) Subject to CBI 208.73 (Transportation and Travelling Entitlements on Release – Alien Members – Regular Force), an officer or non-commissioned member of the Regular Force who is released under Item 1 - Misconduct of the table to QR&O 15.01 (Release of Officers and Non-commissioned Members) may be provided at public expense with tickets covering transportation at the least expensive rate by rail or ship and paid necessary meal expenses at the rates described in the Canadian Forces Temporary Duty Travel Instruction for the journey to:
if enrolled in Canada, the place in Canada that the member specified as the member's residence on enrolment in the Regular Force;
if enrolled outside Canada, the nearest port of embarkation in Canada on the direct route to the country in which the member was enrolled; or
any place in Canada, when the cost of the journey does not exceed the cost of the journey under subparagraph (a) or (b).
209.72(2) (Application for reimbursement) The entitlements described in paragraph (1) shall be granted only when the officer or non-commissioned member applies within 30 days of the member's release from the Regular Force, or from incarceration, whichever is later.
209.73 - Transportation and Travelling Entitlements on Release – Alien Members – Regular Force
209.99 - Entitlement to Transportation Benefits on Reinstatement – Regular Force
209.9913 - Reimbursement for Transportation and Travelling Expenses of Serving or Retired Officers and Non-Commissioned Members and Guests Attending Investitures
209.9913(1) (Person accompanying member) Subject to paragraph (2), where a serving or retired officer or non-commissioned member is required to attend an investiture and in the interest of protocol it is deemed necessary for the member to be accompanied by another person, the following shall apply:
for an investiture to the Order of Military Merit, the appointee and one guest shall be entitled to transportation using military transport and reimbursement of accommodation, meal and incidental expenses at the daily rate established under CBI 209.83 -Transportation and Travelling Expenses – Move of Officers and Non-commissioned Members on Posting or of Dependants; and
for the presentation by the Governor General of a General Officer's Script to an officer recently promoted to the rank of brigadier-general, the spouse or common-law partner of the officer shall be entitled to transportation only, using military transport, but there is no entitlement for reimbursement of accommodation, meal and incidental expenses.
209.9913(2) (Commercial transportation) When transportation by military transport is not practicable, the Minister may authorize the use of commercial transportation at public expense by the most practical and economical means.
209.992(1) (Entitlement to benefits) When, under article 34.25 - Provision of Medical Care at Isolated Units or 35.11 - Dental Treatment of Dependants – Isolated Units of the QR&O, an officer commanding a command or formation authorizes a dependant to travel to and from the nearest appropriate medical or dental facility
the benefits under CBI 209.83 - Transportation and Travelling Expenses – Move of Officers and Non-commissioned Members on Posting or of Dependants may be granted for the mode of transportation authorized for the journey from and to an isolated post including reimbursement for lodgings, meals and incidental expenses; or
the benefits under CBI 209.83 may be granted for the mode of transportation authorized for the journey from and to an isolated unit that is not an isolated post but shall not include reimbursement for lodgings, meals or incidental expenses.
209.992(2) (Delay in transportation) When, because of a delay in normal return transportation, a dependant is unavoidably delayed following treatment either at the treatment centre or at terminal points en route, where no other provision to pay such expenses exists, reimbursement may, with the approval of the officer commanding the command or formation, be made for lodgings and meal expenses at the rates described in CBI 209.83.
209.992(3) (Necessary accompaniment) When the appropriate medical or dental authority deems it necessary for another person to accompany a dependant proceeding in accordance with paragraph (1), that other person shall, with the approval of the officer commanding the command or formation, be provided with the same benefits as the patient.
209.9922(1) (Transportation of the body) When a dependant dies while accompanying an officer or non-commissioned member serving outside Canada and the remains are returned to Canada at the request of the next of kin, the actual cost of transportation of the body may be paid from public funds.
209.9922(2) (Return transportation for member) Subject to paragraph (4), an officer or non-commissioned member who is serving outside Canada and, as applicable, the spouse or common-law partner and dependent child, as defined in CBI 205.015 - Interpretation, accompanying such member, may be authorized return transportation at public expense from the place of duty to the place of burial in Canada for the purpose of attending the burial of a deceased dependant referred to in paragraph (1).
209.9922(3) (Death of member) Subject to paragraph (4), the spouse or common-law partner and dependent child, as defined in CBI 205.015, accompanying an officer or non-commissioned member who dies while serving outside Canada may be authorized return transportation at public expense from the place of duty to the place of burial in Canada for the purpose of attending the burial of the deceased member.
209.9922(4) (Method of transportation) Transportation shall be by military air or ground transport to the maximum extent possible. However, when transportation by military means is not practicable, commercial transportation by the most practical and economical mode may be authorized by an officer commanding a command.
209.993 - REPEALED BY TB ON 7 JUNE 2012 AND REPLACE BY CBI 211.07(NEXT OF KIN TRAVEL BENEFIT) AND ARTICLE 209.02 (ENTITLEMENTS – NEXT OF KIN) OF THE QR&O EFFECTIVE 7 JUNE 2012
209.9931 - REPEALED BY TB ON 7 JUNE 2012 AND REPLACE BY CBI 211.07(NEXT OF KIN TRAVEL BENEFIT) EFFECTIVE14 JUNE2012
209.994 - Transportation and Travelling Expenses – Access t Furniture and Effectes in Long-Term Storage
209.9942 - Movement of Dependants, Furniture and Effects – Personnel Reinstated - Regular Force
209.995 - Employment Assistance for Spouses and Common-Law Partners
209.9951 – Temporary Evacuation of Family Housing
209.9952 – Shipment of Unaccompanied Personal Baggage – Officers and Non-Commissioned Members on Other Than Temporary Duty and Dependants
209.996 – Local Move of Furniture and Effects
209.9961 – Local Move of Furniture and Effects – Furnished Family Housing
209.9962 – Reimbursement on Postponement or Cancellation of a Posting
209.9963 – Reimbursement of Additional Living Expenses – Dependants Separated from an Officer or Non-Commissioned Member on Posting
209.997 – Separation Expense
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 10 - Foreign Services Instructions
Chapter 11 - Isolated Post Instructions
Chapter 12 - Education of Children
Chapter 203 - Financial Benefits
Chapter 204 - Pay of Officers & Non-Commissioned Members
Chapter 205- Allowances for officers and non-commissioned members
Chapter 205 - Summary of Allowances for Officers and Non-Commissioned Members (effective 01 September 2017)
Chapter 206 - Gratuities - Officers Serving For Fixed Period
Chapter 208 - Relocation Benefits - effective 2021-04-01
Chapter 210 - Miscellaneous Entitlements and Grants
Chapter 211 - Service Benefits for Ill and Injured Members


text:
Global Underwater Explorers Offsets Shipping Activity to Help to Reverse the Trend of Destruction of Ocean Environments Around the World
A couple of dives swim under water. This is a 3d render illustration
High Springs, Florida (November 2021) — Divers represent a small portion of the population that get to see the underwater world first hand, yet they often contribute to its decline. To help offset some of the environmental damage from shipping their own merchandise, the non-profit scuba diving organization, Global Underwater Explorers (GUE), has donated to the conservation and restoration of seagrass meadows, mangroves and salt marshes through The Ocean Foundation's SeaGrass Grow Program.
According to a European Parliament study, 40% of global CO2 emissions will be caused by aviation and shipping by 2050. Therefore, in order to lessen GUE's contribution to the problem, they are donating to planting these vast underwater meadows which have proven to absorb carbon more effectively than rainforests.
"Supporting the planting and protection of seagrass by The Ocean Foundation is a step in the right direction towards minimizing or balancing the effects our training, exploration and diving has on the places we love to visit," said Amanda White, GUE's Marketing Director who is leading the organization's push towards being carbon neutral. "This is in addition to our own projects which our divers get involved in locally, so it feels like a natural addition to our new conservation initiatives as seagrass directly contributes to the health of the environment we love."
Also, part of the new Conservation Pledge by GUE, is for its members to encourage their community of divers to offset their dive travel through the SeaGrass Grow calculator on The Ocean Foundation's website. Dive travel is the number one contribution divers make to global warming and the destruction of underwater ecosystems. Divers are often either flying to warmer waters to spend a week on a boat at sea doing what they love, or they are driving long distances to get to dive sites for training or fun.
GUE is focused on conservation and exploration, and yet travel is an unavoidable part of that mission, we can't avoid it. But we can offset our effect on the environment through supporting rehabilitation projects that reduce CO2 emissions and improve the underwater ecosystem.
"Maintaining a healthy ocean is paramount to ensuring a sustainable future for coastal tourism," said Mark J. Spalding, President, The Ocean Foundation. "By helping the dive community give back to conserve the places they love for recreation, this partnership creates an opportunity to engage with the GUE membership on how investing in nature-based solutions, such as seagrass meadows and mangrove forests, can help tackle climate change, build resilience in local communities and maintain healthy ecosystems for divers to visit on future dive trips."
Maintaining a healthy ocean is paramount to ensuring a sustainable future for coastal tourism
Mark J. Spalding | President, The Ocean Foundation
ABOUT GLOBAL UNDERWATER EXPLORERS
Global Underwater Explorers, a US 501(c)(3), began with a group of divers whose love of underwater exploration grew naturally into a desire to protect those environments. In 1998, they created a unique organization dedicated to high-quality diver education with the goal of supporting aquatic research that advances conservation and safely expands exploration of the underwater world.
ABOUT THE OCEAN FOUNDATION
As the only community foundation for the ocean, The Ocean Foundation's 501(c)(3) mission is to support, strengthen, and promote those organizations dedicated to reversing the trend of destruction of ocean environments around the world. We focus our collective expertise on emerging threats in order to generate cutting edge solutions and better strategies for implementation.
MEDIA CONTACT INFORMATION:
Jason Donofrio, The Ocean Foundation
E: [email protected]oceanfdn.org
W: www.oceanfdn.org
Building Capacity, Conserving Habitats Blue Resilience

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Today, December 18, is the second anniversary of FC Barcelona's second Clubs World Cup title. In late 2011, Josep Guardiola managed his side to a 4-0 win over Santos in Yokohama. Messi (2), Xavi and Cesc all found the target in a game in which Neymar came face to face for the first time with what would become his future club.
Three days earlier, Barça had also won 4-0 in the semi-finals against Qatari outfit Al-Sadd.
That Barça victory came just two years after they had sealed the coveted crown for the first time in club history, in 2009. That year the final was played in Abu Dhabi and was a tight encounter with Argentina's Estudiantes La Plata (2-1). Pedro and Messi scored in a match that was decided in extra time.


Erythrina lysistemon occurs in a wide range of altitudes and habitats from North West Province, Limpopo (formerly Northern Province), Gauteng, Mpumalanga, through to Swaziland and KwaZulu-Natal, and down to about the Mbashe River Mouth in Eastern Cape. Further north in Zimbabwe, Botswana and Angola it occurs in small pockets. It grows in scrub forest, wooded kloofs, dry woodlands, dry savannah, koppie slopes and coastal dune bush and also in high rainfall areas.
There are ± 100 species of Erythrina that occur in the warm regions of the world. Nine species occur in southern Africa: E. acanthocarpa, E. baumii, E. caffra, E. decora, E. humeana, E. latissima, E. lysistemon, E. mendesii and E. zeyheri. Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden has excellent specimens of Erythrina lysistemon, E. caffra, E. humeana and E. latissima that are very showy when in flower.
Erythrina lysistemon is often confused with Erythrina caffra, the coast coral tree. Erythrina caffra grows in the coastal and riverine fringe forests from Port Shepstone in KwaZulu-Natal to the Humansdorp District in Eastern Cape and in a pocket further north on the KwaZulu-Natal coast. It is generally taller than Erythrina lysistemon, the flowers are orange-scarlet, and a cream-flowered form is occasionally seen, and the standard petal is shorter and broader so that the stamens stick out of the flower giving it a whiskered look. In most other respects they are very similar, and were in fact regarded as the same variable species for many years and, when not in flower, are difficult to tell apart.
The genus name Erythrina comes from the Greek erythros meaning red, both the flowers and the seeds are bright red. The species name lysistemon also comes from the Greek meaning 'with a loose or free stamen' and refers to the 'vexillary stamen' that is free from the staminal tube. The vexillary stamen is the stamen associated with the vexillum, which is another term for the standard petal, and in this species it is free, whereas in e.g. Erythrina caffra it is joined to the staminal tube below the middle.
Erythrina lysistemon is not just a decorative tree, it is also an important component of the ecosystem, providing food and shelter for a variety of birds, animals and insects. Many birds and insects feed on the nectar. Vervet monkeys eat the flower buds. Kudu, klipspringer, black rhino and baboons graze on the leaves. Black rhinos, elephants and baboons eat the bark. Bush pigs eat the roots, and the brown-headed parrot eats and disperses the seed. Birds such as barbets and woodpeckers nest in the trunks of dead trees, and swarms of bees often inhabit hollow trunks.
Erythrina lysistemon is also widely used and enjoyed by mankind. They have been regarded as royal trees, and were planted on the graves of Zulu chiefs. They were planted as living fences around kraals, homesteads and waterholes, and were one of the first wild trees to be planted in gardens in South Africa. They are still to be found in many gardens, and are planted as street trees in many towns. The wood is light and cork-like when dry and has been used for making canoes, rafts and floats for fishing nets as well as for troughs and brake-blocks. It has also been used to make shingles for roofing, as the wood is durable when tarred. The flowering of the trees has been, and still is, a good signal to the people that it is time to plant their crops.
Erythrina lysistemon is thought to have both medicinal and magical properties by many people. A tribal chief will wash in water in which bark has been soaked as he believes that by doing this he will ensure the respect of his people. Women about to give birth are given an infusion of herbs to make the birth easier and a sliver of bark from the four sides of the tree is tied around the bundle of herbs before it is boiled.
Water in which bark has been soaked is mixed with the root of a species of Cussonia and used as a purifying emetic. Crushed leaves placed on a maggot-infested wound are said to clear the maggots. The bark applied as a poultice is used to treat sores, wounds, abscesses and arthritis. Infusions of the leaves are used as ear drops to relieve earache, and decoctions of the roots are applied to sprains.
Erythrina lysistemon does contain a large number of alkaloids that are known to be highly toxic, but its use in traditional medicine suggests that they have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The seeds are used as lucky charms. According to Braam van Wyk and Piet van Wyk, who are indigenous tree specialists, the seeds also contain toxic alkaloids as well as anti-blood-clotting substances that may be of value in the treatment of thromboses.
Erythrina lysistemon is a fast-growing, undemanding tree. It does best in fertile, well-aerated and well-drained soils. It is fairly drought-tolerant, but performs better if given water during summer. It is sensitive to cold and grows best in frost free gardens, but will survive in regions with a winter minimum of -7 to -1 °C/20 to 30°F (zone 9) provided it is planted in a sheltered position, and protected from frost when young. This tree prefers dry winters, but it will thrive in the wet winters of Western Cape as long as it is planted in well-drained soil and watered during the dry summers.
Coral trees are attacked by a boring insect that enters at the tip of a branch and causes die-back. As soon as this is noticed, the damaged branch should be cut back to unbored wood and the prunings should be burnt. It is difficult to control on big trees, but it can be done with a systemic insecticide. Caterpillars can cause damage to the foliage, and an insect causes yellowish galls on the leaves, but these do not seem to affect the overall health or performance of the tree.
The common coral tree is an excellent specimen tree for gardens and parks and is very effective planted in avenues or for street plantings. It is particularly recommended for that spot in the garden where you need sun in winter and shade in summer.
Erythrina lysistemon is easily propagated from seed, cuttings and truncheons. Seed is sown in spring and summer, in a well-drained, general-purpose potting soil, placed in a warm but shaded spot and kept moist. Soaking the seed overnight in warm (not hot) water is not necessary for germination to occur, but should hurry things along. Dusting the seed prior to sowing, or drenching after sowing, with a fungicide that combats pre-emergence damping off, although not essential, will increase the percentage germination.
Cuttings are best taken in spring to summer, and truncheons in late winter to spring. Truncheons are made from part of or even an entire branch which is left to dry and heal for a few days, then planted into a pot filled with sand or even directly into the soil where the plant is to be grown, and kept damp but not wet. If a plant has to be transplanted, this is best done whilst it is dormant, during winter.
PALGRAVE, K.C. 1977. Trees of southern Africa, edn 2. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, Johannesburg.
POOLEY, E. 1993. Trees of Natal, Zululand and Transkei. Natal Flora Publication Trust, Durban.
SMITH, C.A. 1966. Common names of South African plants. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa No 35. Department of Agricultural Technical Services, Pretoria.
VAN WYK, P. & VAN WYK, B. 1997. Field guide to the trees of southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town.


text:
Rivers are Carbon Processors, not Inert Pipelines
http://www.waterlink-international.com/news/id342-Rivers_are_Carbon_Processors,_not_Inert_Pipelines.html
02/12/2008 Waterlink International -
Microorganisms in rivers and streams play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle that has not previously been considered. Freshwater ecologist Dr. Tom Battin, of the University of Vienna, told a COST ESF Frontiers of Science conference in October that our understanding of how rivers and streams deal with organic carbon has changed radically. Microorganisms such as bacteria and single-celled algae in rivers and streams decompose organic matter as it flows downstream. They convert the carbon it contains into carbon dioxide, which is then released to the atmosphere.
Recent estimates by Battin's team and others conclude there is a net flux, or outgassing, of carbon dioxide from the world's rivers and streams to the atmosphere of at least two-thirds to three-quarters of a gigatonne (Gt) of carbon per year. This flux has not been taken into account in the models of the global carbon cycle used to predict climate change.
"Surface water drainage networks perfuse and integrate the landscape, across the whole planet," says Battin, "but they are missing from all global carbon cycling, even from the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reports. Rivers are just considered as inert pipelines, receiving organic carbon from Earth and transporting it to the ocean." This thinking, according to Battin, has changed radically in last few years.
He argues that the latest estimates of how much carbon is transferred to the atmosphere from rivers and streams are very conservative. "The actual outgassing of carbon dioxide is probably closer to 2 Gt of carbon per year," says Battin. "Our surface area estimates only consider larger streams and rivers, because it is very hard to estimate accurately the surface area of small streams. So small streams are excluded, although in terms of microbial activity, they are the most reactive in the network."
Two gigatonnes of carbon per year is close to half the estimated net primary production of the world's vegetation each year. Realising that this quantity of carbon may be delivered straight back to the atmosphere, rather than being taken to the ocean where some of it is removed by marine organisms and ends up in sediment, could have profound consequences for our understanding of the system.
In a disturbing development, Battin's team lab has recently found that engineered nanoparticles can significantly compromise the freshwater microbes involved in carbon cycling. "This finding is a real challenge to science," says Battin. "Engineered nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide are expected to increase in the environment, but it remains completely unknown how they might affect the functioning of ecosystems."
This research was presented at the "Complex Systems: Water and Life" Frontiers of Science conference, organized by European Science Foundation (ESF) and COST, 29-31 October, Taormina, Sicily.


The number of housing of Boisbreteau was estimated at 77 in 2007. These accommodation of Boisbreteau consist of 61 main homes, 9 secondary residences and 7 vacant accommodation.
Area of Boisbreteau is 15,16 km² for a population density of 8,18 habs/km² and for a housing density of 5,08 housing/km².
Here are below a set of graphic, curves and statistics of the housing of the town of Boisbreteau.
Must see: the population data of Boisbreteau, the road map of Boisbreteau, the photos of Boisbreteau, the map of Boisbreteau.
The number of housing of Boisbreteau was 77 in 2007, 67 in 1999, 80 in 1990, 77 in 1982, 70 in 1975 and 71 in 1968.
In 2007 the accommodations of Boisbreteau consisted of 61 main homes, 9 second homes and 7 vacant accommodations.
The following graphs show the history of the number and the type of housing of Boisbreteau from 1968 to 2007. The second graph is drawn in cubic interpolation. This allows to obtain more exactly the number of accommodation of the town of Boisbreteau years where no inventory was made.
The population of Boisbreteau was 124 inhabitants in 2007, 122 inhabitants in 1999, 148 inhabitants in 1990, 153 inhabitants in 1982, 174 inhabitants in 1975 and 182 inhabitants in 1968. Meanwhile, the number of housing of Boisbreteau was 77 in 2007, 67 in 1999, 80 in 1990, 77 in 1982, 70 in 1975 and 71 in 1968.
The number of inhabitants of Boisbreteau per housing was 1,61 in 2007.
The accommodation of Boisbreteau in 2007 consisted of 77 houses.
Here are below the graphs presenting the statistics of housing of Boisbreteau.
In 2007, 52 main homes of Boisbreteau were occupied by owners. Meanwhile, 61 households lived in the town of Boisbreteau. The following graphs present the statistics of these households of Boisbreteau.


text:
21 October by Isaac Stolzer-Gary
At long last, we are thrilled to declare the official winner and top 3 runners-up of the September SaltAndCharcoal 2022 Solo Competition!
For this contest, the scope was to record yourself playing a live, original solo over Plini's song "Salt + Charcoal", for the chance to win a signed Boden Prog NX 7 Charcoal Black, exclusive .strandberg* goodies, and a virtual artist hang. There were so many genuinely amazing solos and it was a daunting task to choose just a single winner with over 340 contributions made. However, a final decision was made in the end by the jury…
Runner Up 1/3 – Dylan Ringuede
https://strandbergguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/4_-_runner_up_-_dmringuede.mp4
Runner Up 2/3 – Johannes Persson
https://strandbergguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/3_-_runner_up_-_johannes_persson_music.mp4
Runner Up 3/3 – Felipe Facó
https://strandbergguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/2_-_runner_up_-_felipe_facof.mp4
And last but not least, our 1st place winner…
1st Place – François Chanvallon
https://strandbergguitars.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/1_-_winner_-_francois_chanvallon-1.mp4
Congratulations, François! A truly brilliant solo and we hope you love your new guitar and goodies. Massively well-deserved!
Thank you again to everyone who participated in the contest and congratulations to the winners! Be sure to follow these players on social media, as well as .strandberg* Guitars on Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook for more inspiring musicianship from our creative community of players.


Pixels: Welsh Tommy's "DAS EFX" Part — PIXELS – Skate videos, news, nonsense.
Welsh Tommy has been hard at work with lensman Pedro Mayn for a while now and has produced a banger! Hitting largely untouched terrain across South Wales, Tommy combines his dancing feet with a high level of tech and oozes originality. Sit back and enjoy his "DAS EFX" part!
Guest appearances from Caradog Emmanuel and Jack Kirtley.
Filmed & edited by Pedro Mayn.


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When you have this cute, stylish lace pair of boot socks, you'll have the perfect pair to wear with high boots and for many other looks. These Lace Knit Ivory Boot Socks keep up with the height of over-the-knee boots, or you could scrunch them down for lower boots. Plus, you also have the option to show off these versatile socks in an outfit with a skirt and low shoes or as part of your sleep or lounge outfit at home. And you could always use this accessory to keep your legs warm under pants on a chilly day. With the many ways to wear them and their neutral tone, these versatile extended length socks are a great accessory to have in your wardrobe.
These super soft One The Knee Boot Socks are further adorned with a lace trim and double side buttons over a lace side panel to further enhance the detail of your boots.
One Size: Fits size 5-11.


Mitt Romney's recent attack on Trump, rightly calling him a "phony" and a "fraud," was an interesting strategy. Despite Romney's failure to win the White House from President Obama in 2012, he remains somewhat popular in the GOP and his endorsement presumably carries a lot of weight in 2016. It was, therefore, a choice for him to deliver, basically, an anti-endorsement — sort of a grown-up version of an "Anybody But Trump" campaign.
Predictably, Trump instantly shot Romney down, dismissed his speech, labeled him as irrelevant and moved on. It was obvious to anyone paying attention that this would be the outcome, so it's not terribly surprising that the GOP thought otherwise, considering they were oblivious enough to indirectly create the atmosphere for Trump to succeed in the first place.
I know one thing: a Republican Party that cannot or will not stand united against a man who flagrantly demonizes and condescends to women, Muslims, Latinos, Jews, other Republicans, voters and Europe will lose the respect of millions of Americans who otherwise see the basic precepts of its platform as a reasonable alternative to the Democrats. I have cautious optimism that there are enough better angels in America who will vote in droves to stop a potential President Trump — certainly enough to shout down the terrifyingly significant number of bigoted xenophobes who will support him. There is still a scant hope that the GOP, if they unify, can stop this folly. However, if the party can't pull it together to stop the monster they've created, they deserve everything that's coming to them.
Previous articleThe Media: Donald Drumpf's Fourth Wife?


text:
Journalism, the Jim Acosta Kind
The essence of journalism, like the Constitution, cannot be changed without damage to democracy.
By Seema Mustafa
|17 Nov 2018 12:51 PM GMT
White House reporter Jim Acosta and the CNN have finally demonstrated what real journalism is, away from the embedded tag that American scribes chose to attach to themselves when they marched atop military tanks into Iraq to justify a thoroughly evil and immoral invasion. But in this face off between Acosta and US President Donald Trump, the American media came out trumps, with even the ultra-right wing Fox News (our very own Republic) joining forces with the rest to denounce the White house decision to ban Acosta and snatch away his hard pass.
And why? Simply because Acosta was doing his job of questioning the President as a good journalist is expected to do. As he said himself, and as we know but do not practice, journalists are in position to extract accountability from the powerful, and in particular the government of the day. And to do this without fear or favour, with independence and honesty. Of course those at the receiving end of the journalists interrogation for the truth do not like this and tend to shoot the messenger with varying degrees of ferocity. But there are few governments who let the media breathe, and allow it the space and the independence to act as a true watch dog for the respective country.
In this case too Trump did what was expected of a man who has shown zero tolerance for a free media. In fact while Acosta remained polite, but firm, it was the President of the United States who was offensive and rude in the brief interaction. The senior journalist, with the reputation of asking it as it is no matter what, did not back off and nor did he lose his temper. Trump on the other hand dissolved into a hostile and nasty politician who threatened and virtually abused the reporter by telling him what a bad job he and CNN were doing. Acosta did not even bother to dignify the comments with a reply, sticking instead to his question on the migration policy. And then to justify snatching away Acosta's pass, the White House relied on a distorted video of the exchange that was then investigated and revealed as such by several media houses. CNN was just one of the many in this show of solidarity.
This makes one wonder what would have been the case in India had the media been united, honest, and independent. Where instead of licking the boots of the government of the day, to the point of circulating fake videos and justifying the worst kind of action, we the media had unitedly held the government responsible, questioned it, and ensured that it did not get away with the lies and distortions that we unfortunately, help it turn into truth. There was a time when such unity and fearlessness was visible, even if not the norm. Journalists at press conferences came together to place powerful leaders in the dock with hard hitting questions demanding an answer. They were not allowed to get away, at least not always.
Over the years the media has capitulated as have individual journalists. We are so busy questioning each other, that we have no questions left for those in power. In the US the institutions run, with Trump having to face the media even though he visibly hates it. And the Judge intervening now to ensure that the White House removes the ban on Acosta. India never had this policy. Access to the Prime Ministers Office was always determined by the media managers who made favouritism and loyalty the criteria. Travel with the PM was the lollipop earlier when the PM's were more accessible than Narendra Modi, and any reporter or publication not meeting the tests of loyalty was struck off the list. Never to travel with the PM on any assignment, with the aircraft packed with loyal media buddies whose job was to give the travelling leader a puff job.
PM Modi has gone a step further than his predecessors by dispensing with the media almost entirely. He does give the occasional interview with the questions screened, and the questioner very clearly a tame member of the stable. Counter questioning is frowned upon, with the interview an exercise to allow the PM to be at his best expansive self. That the process lowers the credibility of the media house and the journalist is barely of any consequence, as the corporate owner is smiling all the way to the bank chuffed with the media coup as it is usually presented.
In India to get a statement out of the Editors Guild, a body that was founded years ago with august intention, is an uphill task with moral custodians of corporate power reluctant to step out of the comfort zone to support the individual journalist being targeted for fearless reporting. Political divisions have ripped the media apart, with journalists categorising each other according to real or imagined political affiliations without holding aloft the basic principles of responsible and ethical reporting.
True reporting barely exists. Most of the corporate media houses spend more on evening talk shows over-laden with guests who scream and shout at each other at the instance of the anchors than on news gathering. News documentaries have become a casualty in the process, with little on 24 hour news channels to show that the journalists are out in the field reporting on the poor and victimised of India. As for those in power, we lost the battle the moment we started standing up with hands folded, pleading for a sound byte to retain our jobs. Having worked in a News Channel I know the unbearable pressure reporters come under to come back with a byte, that leads them to virtually supplicate themselves before the politician to just get him or her to look their way. As for the Prime Minister and Ministers and officials in power, forget it. They all come under the undeclared protection clause of media houses, with not an awkward question asked or a questioning sentence aired.
Exceptions of course appear occasionally even in this controlled world of journalism, but for the people to be energised independent journalism has to be the norm. Gandhi or Nehru or Sardar Patel are not above question. Nor are Indira Gandhi or Sonia Gandhi or Narendra Modi or Amit Shah. They are elected members and hence accountable. The media has to hold them responsible. Trolls often insist---but of course out the ignorance of their very being---that PM is an elected representative and hence above questioning. In fact quite the contrary. The President of India and the Vice President who represent the Indian state are above media interrogation, every single elected representative in fact has to be answerable for his or her actions all the time, every single moment of the day, every day of the year.
That the media itself no longer knows the raison d'etre for its existence is the new tragedy. Entire generations of youngsters are being groomed in journalism as conformists, bowing to power, along with the owners and so called editors of the media house. That journalism is a powerful profession escapes them entirely as the 'sir' and the 'ma'am' (terms that journalists abhorred because of the baggage these carry) becomes more important than the story at hand. Alongside is this hunger to become a celebrity, as yet another cardinal rule of journalism falls by the way side in this age of the electronic and the social media ---that scribes are not stars, the people are. Unfortunately after television created celebrities by the simple virtue of anchoring the evening reality shows---sorry news debates I think these are called---Twitter has set lose a similar phenomenon where instant stardom is guaranteed for those who join in the rat race with witty or abusive (or both) tweets as frequently as possible. Wit and abuse in 40 characters ---regardless of substance---is the road to stardom that many have found already.
All said and done there is no substitute to old classical journalism of the Acosta kind. Perhaps those looking for an answer should see the genuine video of the press conference, and subsequent interviews given by Acosta and many others of what journalism is all about. It has a clearly defined essence that like the Constitution cannot be changed without severely undermining democracy and placing it at risk.
Seema Mustafa
Seema Mustafa is the Editor-in-Chief of The Citizen