text:
Q: How to convert each row in data frame to a node with attributes? Given a sample data frame df:
import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame({
    'id': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
    'a': [55, 2123, -19.3, 9, -8],
    'b': ['aa', 'bb', 'ad', 'kuku', 'lulu']
})

Now I want to "upload" this data to a graph. Every row should be a node with id, a, and b attributes.
I have tried to do this with from_pandas_dataframe NetworkX method.
Please advise which function is responsible to do this in NetworkX?

A: The from_pandas_edgelist function requires both the source and target.
from networkx import nx
G = nx.from_pandas_edgelist(df, source='id', target='col_target')

You could use a loop to generate the graph:
from networkx import nx
G = nx.Graph()

for i, attr in df.set_index('id').iterrows():
    G.add_node(i, **attr.to_dict())

Or, with from_pandas_edgelist, if you really want only the nodes, you might want to add a dummy target:
G = nx.from_pandas_edgelist(df.assign(target='none'),
                            source='id', target='target',
                            edge_attr=['a', 'b'])

Then remove the dummy node:
G.remove_node('none')


October 18 - Yes We Tech: Open House. Learn about upcoming opportunities for middle school girls to explore coding. This event will be hosted at Opensource Connections and is open to middle school girls and their parents along with high school, college and professional women interested in learning how they can help. Registration requested.
October 21 (deadline) - Society of Women Engineers at the University of Virginia High School Visitation Program is scheduled November 18. This program gives young women a comprehensive look at engineering fields and UVA's engineering curriculum through informative speakers and hands-on design activities. The program is designed to benefit participants with all levels of engineering experience, but we particularly target those students who are not yet familiar with the field and may be interested in applying to engineering schools or pursuing a STEM career. Apply now.
November 4 - Virtual Reality Health Hack-a-Thon presented by Health Unbound. Come out to compete in a patient-centered design competition for a cash prize. This is a great opportunity for high school students to learn basic VR programming skills and connect with local mentors! Registration required.
November 21 (deadline): VASTS is the Virginia Aerospace Science and Technology Program for 11th and 12th grade. They are taking applications until 12 November. It comes with a week at Wallops Island in the summer! The same consortium offers Virginia Space Coast Scholars for 10th grade and Virginia Earth System Science Scholars for 11th and 12th as well. All are free and all are amazing!!
March 16 (deadline) - Village School's 7th Annual Girls Excelling in Math (GEM) Tournament. On April 21, teams of middle school girls will spend the day solving math problems and doing hands-on engineering challenges. Teams must register through their school. More info.
April 2018 - Batelle Foundation's Women's STEM FORUM : This event is suitable for students pursuing an education in Speakers will include women in leadership roles throughout our community. Topics will encompass how to pursue a STEM career and what it's like to work in STEM professions. A Keynote speaker will high-light their own personal and professional experiences. Panel and interactive sessions with speed mentoring will provide one-on-one career advice and mentorship opportunities. We are currently targeting 50 students in 6th-11th grade.
VASTS is the Virginia Aerospace Science and Technology Program for 11th and 12th grade. They are taking applications until 12 November. It comes with a week at Wallops Island in the summer! The same consortium offers Virginia Space Coast Scholars for 10th grade and Virginia Earth System Science Scholars for 11th and 12th as well. All are free and all are amazing!!
Ongoing - Tween Scene: STEAM at Louisa County Library from 4:00-5:00pm, second Tuesdays. More info.
Ongoing - Northside Makerspace at Northside Library Tuesdays at 6:00-8:00pm, Thursdays at 3:00-5:00pm & Saturdays 10:30am-12:30pm. Ages 11+ and patrons must be accompanied by adult 16 or order.
Ongoing - Northside Minecraft Club at North Library third Tuesdays of the month from 4:30-5:30. Registration is required.
Lin Hill is a former librarian and is offering a YA Book Club for adults. Next month's selection is a title that has popped up in several Twitter Ed chats and diverse book groups. This is a great resoruce for parents and educators. The YA Book Club for Adults meets monthly at 6:30 P.M. at Northside Library.


Our goal is to provide you with an effortless way to find an affordable dentist in Torrance, CA. Just type in your ZIP code now to view the discount dental plans and dentists available in Torrance. Decide on the right plan for your needs and get deep discounts when you visit a participating dentist like Dr. Hyoung J Park. Then, just go see Dr. Hyoung J Park or any other participating dentist in Torrance, CA to receive discounts on most dental care procedures including General Dentistry.
Discount dental plans are alternatives to dental insurance plans that can save you money on dental care services like General Dentistry and more. If you are looking for an affordable dentist in your area, DentalPlans.com features the most dental care providers in combined networks anywhere! So if you need to see a dentist or specialist about a teeth cleaning, fillings, root canal, dental crown, braces, or even dentures, DentalPlans.com is a great resource for locating Torrance dentists and dental care specialists.


text:
Q: Retrofit 2 response body to custom class Currently, I use retrofit2 to call restful apis and get response. Because the response body can be multiple types, I wrote the code following.
//Interface
@FormUrlEncoded
@POST("payments/events/{id}")
fun postPayment(@Path("id") id: String): Call<Any>

//Api Manager
fun postPayment(id: String): Observable<Any> {
    return Observable.create {
        subscriber ->
        val callResponse = api.postPayment(id)
        val response = callResponse.execute()

        if (response.isSuccessful) {
            if (response.body() is MyClass1) {
                // never success...
            } else if (response.body() is MyClass2) {
                // never success...
            }
            subscriber.onNext(response.body())
            subscriber.onCompleted()
        } else {
            subscriber.onError(Throwable(response.message()))
        }
    }
}

So I'm not able to cast response.body() to MyClass1 or MyClass2.
response.body() as MyClass1 occurs error too.
MyClass1 and MyClass2 are normal template classes.
class MyClass1( val id: String, val data: String)

Is there any smart way to cast response body to my custom classes?
Small update for MyClass2
class MyClass2( val token: String, val url: String, val quantity: Int)

A: As mentioned by @Miha_x64, Retrofit doesn't know about your classes (MyClass1 and MyClass2) because your Call uses the Any type. Therefore, Retrofit is not creating an instance of MyClass1 or MyClass2, instead it is just creating an instance of the Any class.
The simplest solution would just be to combine the two classes:
data class MyClass(
    val id: String?,
    val data: String?,
    val token: String?,
    val url: String?,
    val quantity: Int
)

Then you can specify the response type in your interface:
@FormUrlEncoded
@POST("payments/events/{id}")
fun postPayment(@Path("id") id: String): Call<MyClass>

In the case your response does not have an id or data element, they will just be null. Then you can check which type of response was received simply by checking which values are null:
if (response.body().id != null) {
    // Handle type 1 response...
} else if (response.body().token != null) {
    // Handle type 2 response...
}

A slightly more complex solution would be to write a wrapper for your two classes, and a type adapter to populate the wrapper. This would avoid the nullability of each of the fields, as well as keep your data structure separated.
This would differ based on the ConverterFactory you are using but if, for example, you are using Gson, it would look something like this:
data class ApiResponse(
    val val1: MyClass1? = null,
    val val2: MyClass2? = null
)

class ApiResponseAdapter : TypeAdapter<ApiResponse> {

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    override fun write(out: JsonWriter, value: ApiResponse?) {
        if (value != null) {
            out.beginObject()

            value.val1?.id? let { out.name("id").value(it) }
            value.val1?.data? let { out.name("data").value(it) }
            value.val2?.token? let { out.name("token").value(it) }
            value.val2?.url? let { out.name("url").value(it) }
            value.val2?.quantity? let { out.name("quantity").value(it) }

            out.endObject()
        } else {
            out.nullValue()
        }
    }

    @Throws(IOException::class)
    override fun read(in: JsonReader): ApiResponse {
        reader.beginObject()

        var id: String? = null
        var data: String? = null
        var token: String? = null
        var url: String? = null
        var quantity: Int = 0

        while(in.hasNext()) {
            val name = in.nextName()

            if (name.equals("id", true)) {
                id = in.nextString()
            } else if (name.equals("data", true)) {
                data = in.nextString()
            } else if (name.equals("token", true)) {
                token = in.nextString()
            } else if (name.equals("url", true)) {
                url = in.nextString()
            } else if (name.equals("quantity", true)) {
                quantity = in.nextInt()
            }
        }

        reader.endObject()

        if (id != null && data != null) {
            return ApiResponse(MyClass1(id, data), null)
        } else if (token != null && url != null) {
            return ApiResponse(null, MyClass2(token, url, quantity))
        } else {
            return ApiResponse()
        }
    }

}

Then you can add this type adapter to your Gson instance:
val gson = GsonBuilder().registerTypeAdapter(ApiResponse::class.java, ApiResponseAdapter()).create()

Then replace the Call<Any> type with Call<ApiRepsone> and you can then check which response was received by checking which value is null:
if (response.body().val1 != null) {
    // Handle MyClass1 response...
} else if (response.body().val2 != null) {
    // Handle MyClass2 response...
}

A: First of all, thanks @Bryan for answer. Your answer was perfect but finally I did something tricky way.
...
if (response.isSuccessful) {
    val jsonObject = JSONObject(response.body() as Map<*, *>)
    val jsonString = jsonObject.toString()
    if (jsonObject.has("id")) {
        val myclass1Object = Gson().fromJson(jsonString, MyClass1::class.java)
        ...
    } else {
        val myclass2Object = Gson().fromJson(jsonString, MyClass2::class.java)
        ...
    }
}
...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
CAMBRIDGE BOUND COOG!
UH Graduate Student Phillip Kieval is Awarded Prestigious Gates Cambridge Scholarship
Phillip Kieval, a second-year graduate student in philosophy at the University of Houston College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, has been named a recipient of the 2021 Gates Cambridge Scholarship, widely regarded as one of the most prestigious national fellowships.
Kieval is the first UH student to receive the honor and is one of just 25 students chosen from 638 candidates across the country. An additional 55 international students will be selected to begin studying at the University of Cambridge in fall 2021.
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation established the Gates Cambridge Scholars in 2000 "to create a network of future leaders from around the world who will bring new vision and commitment to improving the life circumstances of citizens in their respective countries." It is offered to intellectually outstanding postgraduate students with a capacity for leadership and a commitment to improving the lives of others.
Phillip Kieval is the first University of Houston to be awarded the Gates Cambridge Scholarship.
Top: Bill and Melinda Gates meet with women in Jamsaut village in Bihar, India in 2011. ©Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation/Prashant Panjiar | Bottom: Credit: The Gates Notes, LLC
"I am thrilled for Phillip to have this extraordinary opportunity to study at the University of Cambridge."
Paula Myrick Short, UH Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost
"I am proud of his achievement and the support he received from the UH Honors College," said Paula Myrick Short, UH senior vice president for academic affairs and provost. "I know Phillip will carry the Cougar spirit with him to the United Kingdom."
As a 2021 Gates Cambridge scholar, Kieval will receive the full cost of studying at Cambridge and discretionary funding for fieldwork, academic development and more. He will also be part of a vibrant scholar community. There are at least 225 scholars from about 50 countries studying in Cambridge at any one time who pursue the full range of subjects available.
After completing his master's in philosophy this spring, Kieval intends to pursue a doctorate in the Department of History and Philosophy Science at Cambridge.
"My research attempts to understand how we can use philosophical as well as formal mathematical tools to analyze the structure and content of abstract representations encoded in artificial intelligence systems in order to better understand and harness the capacities of this technology," said Kieval. "I am interested in exploring important questions concerning the widespread implementation of AI."
At UH, Kieval was a member of the Honors College and participated in several programs administered by the Office of Undergraduate Research and Major Awards, including the Mellon Research Scholars Program and the Senior Honors Thesis.
"I'm especially indebted to the Mellon Scholars Fellowship for giving me a taste of what full-time research in the humanities is like. The preparation that program provided cemented my desire to pursue a career as a scholar," said Kieval.
The application for the Gates Cambridge Scholarship is intensive and potential candidates are required to apply to the University of Cambridge, as well as the actual fellowship.
"It is also not a given that applicants will be considered for selection. A candidate's proposed department at Cambridge must first rank the applicants it would like to nominate for consideration by the Gates Cambridge Trust. We are very proud of Phillip for all his hard work and commitment," said Ben Rayder, director of scholarships and major awards at the UH Honors College.
Kieval is excited to represent UH at Cambridge and is grateful to all who supported his application.
"UH occupies a very special place in my heart. This university has cultivated such a lively, diverse, and intellectually stimulating environment. I never would have received this prestigious award if it weren't for the opportunities to develop as both a scholar and as a person that I found here at UH."
More information on the Gates Cambridge Scholarship and a complete list of the 2021 scholars can be found here.
Story written and edited by Ben Rayder and Chris Stipes
Gates photos courtesy the ©Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Top Built with Shorthand

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Little Miami trip started out very hot and humid. Friday was almost unbearable with the heat and it rained Thursday night, which added to the humidity and a muddy campsite. Sites 13 and 15 were reserved for us but 13 was a mess so we settled for 10, 12 and 15. Harold and Laurie and Laurie's friend Maggie were camping in site 14. Laurie and Maggie came down early for some big tennis tournament over by Kings Island. Also gracing the weekend with their presence was Tony and his brother John, Larry and Sophia who were fun to have in camp, and trip leader Ted and his wife Connie. Connie's nephews Matthew and Andrew also joined us. Jonathan Ziska, a face from the past, brought his 2 kids, Joshua and Jessica and Jock was there with Debbie and her friend Denise. Paul K., Jim W. and Lance rounded out the weekend canoeists.
Fort Ancient State Memorial, http://culture.ohio.gov/project.asp?proj=ancient is located just across the river and up the ridge from the campground. Tony and John went over Friday afternoon to learn more about the Hopewell Indians, but we really think it was more for the air conditioning!! After everyone was settled in and darkness started to over take the day, Harold (the gadget man, i.e.-battery light, battery fan, 12 volt air mattress blow it up thing, etc.), broke out the left, right, center dice game. Quarters were brought out and passed all around the table until someone had them all. Who?? Because of the warmth, no one sat close to the fire but no one noticed cause Larry was telling good jokes all evening. One by one everyone retired to bed as the monthly full moon rose higher in the sky.
Saturday morning started warm but promised to be a great day for canoeing. After everyone performed their morning routines we hit the road for the 13-mile ride up to the town of Corwin and our launching point. It was great floating in the clear water listening to the sounds of nature and the laughter of people enjoying a day on the river. Then it happened…we canoed past a launching spot for a canoe livery. Not one but 4. There are at least 4-canoe liveries on this stretch of the river. There were dozens if not hundreds of canoes on the water. Now mind you, this was the last weekend before schools and colleges start another dreadful year of learning, so we guessed everyone wanted one last hurrah for summer. It was like driving in New York City traffic, weaving back and forth and in and out. We as a club paddle our canoes with a destination in mind. These other canoers and kayakers, were just floating and reaching for what ever they could pull out of their coolers. But they were having such a great time and everyone was polite and let us past.
As we got closer to the campground, the wind picked up and clouds starting forming overhead. We finished the 12.685321-mile paddle, pulled the canoes up on shore and got ready for rain. A cold front was moving through and it looked nasty, but we lucked out. Only sprinkles. (Not so lucky up north where trees were blown over and heavy rains fell.) When we looked real close at Jock something didn't seem right. On his head was blood. Apparently he got into a fight with some tree branches, but we know who won!!
Ted and Connie were cooking up some Shrimp boil for the troops. It had shrimp, chicken, sausage, potatoes, corn and who knows what else in it. A big turkey fryer did the trick and we ate and ate. There were also deserts to die for, plus Sophia's macaroni salad and Jock's green beans and ham. After supper we played corn hole. Now if you're not from the Cincinnati area, you're probably wondering what corn hole is? You use cloth bags, like 5x7" filled with corn and throw them, under hand onto a piece of wood with a hole in it. It the bag lands in the hole its 3 points. Just landing on the wood is 1 point. Its kind of like horse shoes but different. When it was too dark to see the corn hole boards, out came the left, right, center dice game again.
Lance had to leave early to attend a Jimmy Buffet concert in Cincinnati, the lucky guy had tickets, and so we were surprised to see him pull up a little before dark. "Did the concert get rained out? Was there bad weather down south?" No, No. The concert was Sunday night not Saturday night. That just meant he could canoe Sunday with us. Jock, Debbie and Denise also had to leave but first we had to celebrate Debbie's birthday, which is Monday. We were not allowed to spank her.
Sunday morning looked dreary and fog started rounding in. The humidity broke and it felt pretty good. Do we take raincoats for the trip downstream? After breakfast the sky cleared and blue showed in the heavens. Some members had to leave earlier than others so 2 different trips were planned. The first was a 3-mile paddle down to the village of Morrow. Ted, Connie and the boys along with Jonathan and his children, Lance and Paul K. took out there while Harold, (Laurie and Maggie did the tennis thing), Tony, John, Larry and Sophia made an 8-mile trip to South Lebanon. Saw lots of little turtles and blue herons and Larry and Sophia saw a raccoon swim across the river. Kingfishers were diving for lunch while crickets chorused in time. A fine trip on a historic, but popular river in Southwestern Ohio. Until next month…Keep the water on the outside!!


This is a man who has a horrible job to do, but he's still diligent and treats each prisoner with respect. He's a nice guy. He cares. He's the kind of bloke you or I might hang out with. You can easily imagine him as secretary of your local branch. If we brought a motion calling for crucifixion to be banned, the idea would be so radical that he'd initially be shocked, but once he realised that such a thing is possible he would become a passionate advocate.
According to YouGov, David Cameron's approval rating has shifted from -25 to -18 over the period of the recent tax avoidance story. This improvement flies in the face of the media view that Cameron would suffer the charge of hypocrisy for condemning Jimmy Carr, when so many Tory donors are guilty of the same.
It now seems that Cameron was in touch with the public mood. The media taunts on Cameron's hypocrisy have served little other than to highlight the Prime Minister's intervention, while swatting Ed Miliband into the shadows and out of public glare. The crackdown on tax avoidance is now a Tory issue to be grabbed, while Miliband has so far been uninspired on a territory that the public would expect to be owned by Labour.


text:
(2488) Bryan (1952 UT; 1969 TN3; 1976 YW4) ist ein ungefähr vier Kilometer großer Asteroid des inneren Hauptgürtels, der am 23. Oktober 1952 im Rahmen des Indiana Asteroid Programs am Goethe-Link-Observatorium in Brooklyn, Indiana (IAU-Code 760) entdeckt wurde. Durch das Indiana Asteroid Program wurden insgesamt 119 Asteroiden neu entdeckt.

Benennung

(2488) Bryan wurde nach dem US-amerikanischen Astronomen William Lowe Bryan (1860–1955) benannt, der von 1902 bis 1937 Präsident der Indiana University Bloomington war. 1903 wurde er zum Präsident der American Psychological Association gewählt. Zwei Jahre vor der Pensionierung des US-amerikanischen Astronomen Daniel Kirkwood, nach dem der Asteroid (1578) Kirkwood benannt ist, begann er an der Fakultät der Indiana University Bloomington zu arbeiten.

Siehe auch

 Liste der Asteroiden, Nummer 2001 bis 2500

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Hauptgürtelasteroid unter 50 km Durchmesser
Astronomisches Objekt (entdeckt im Rahmen des Indiana Asteroid Program)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Retired colonels bribed active-duty officers, paid military spouse $1.2 million for 'no-show' job, to win IT contracts
Soldiers work inside the Cyber Operations Center on Fort Gordon, Georgia. (Army)
A retired Army colonel pleaded guilty in federal court last week to conspiracy to defraud the U.S. government through a scheme that involved cash bribes to rig more than $20 million in Pentagon contracts in his favor.
Retired Col. Joseph D. Young, 64, is the latest of four men caught paying bribes in order to illegally obtain information technology contracts at Fort Gordon, Georgia, according to federal court filings.
The other three men pleaded guilty this summer.
Between 2008 and 2014, Young and a colleague paid the spouse of Army Col. Anthony R. Williams, 59, more than $1.2 million for a "no-show" job at their company. In return, Williams used his active-duty officer status to help award contracts to their IT and cybersecurity firms.
Young founded an IT company after he retired from the Army in 2005 called J.Y. & Asssociates. That firm acted as a subcontractor to CREC Group, which was owned by Calvin D. Lawyer, 60, who also retired from the Army as a colonel in 2008.
Williams worked at the Pentagon during this time under the Army's deputy chief of staff for human resources, providing "oversight and management of a billion dollar battle command budget," according to court filings.
Cash, cars and guns: Former Army range director pleads guilty in bribery scheme
The bribes included a 2017 Jeep Rubicon, an antique 1969 Ford Galaxie, a Harley Davidson motorcycle, a diamond ring and a range of firearms.
A fourth man involved in the conspiracy, active-duty Army Col. Anthony T. Roper, 57, helped oversee Fort Gordon's network modernization strategy.
Together, the four men conspired to steer contracts to CREC Group and its subcontractor. The two active-duty officers provided "internal, confidential and proprietary information during meetings, telephone calls and in electronic communications," the court filings read.
Investigators also found that CREC Group received a coveted "small business administration status" as a small, disadvantaged company based on false representations from Lawyer.
As part of Young's plea deal, he will have to pay more than $1.1 million in restitution. He also faces a five-year prison sentence with three years supervised release, as well as a $250,000 fine, the plea agreement reads.
His co-conspirators have already pleaded guilty and are currently serving five-year prison sentences, according to a Justice Department statement this summer.
The cases were jointly investigated by agents from Army Criminal Investigation Command and the U.S. Attorney's Office, among other departments.
In August, Southern District of Georgia U.S. Attorney Bobby L. Christine called the conspiracy a "disheartening scheme to steal taxpayer funds intended for our nation's military."
"These men disgraced their oaths to serve their country, and accordingly are being held accountable for their despicable thefts," Christine said.
"This defendant used the trust placed in him by the government to line his pockets," a statement reads from Frank Robey, director of the Army CID's Major Procurement Fraud Unit. "This sentence is well-deserved."
Army readies to deliver first set of Strykers with 50-kilowatt laser weapons


text:
← BREAKING — CIA Director Gina Haspel has resigned. Who is the boss now? Answer : Deputy Director David Cohen is serving as Acting Director
One Year Ago — The Douma Conspiracy : France Role in Rigging the OPCW Report →
75 Years Ago — President Truman Creates the Central Intelligence Group (January 22, 1946)
"At lunch today in the White House, with only members of the Staff present, Rear Admiral Sidney Souers and I were presented by President Truman with black cloaks, black hats, and wooden daggers, and the President read an amusing directive to us outlining some of our duties in the Central Intelligence Agency [sic], 'Cloak and Dagger Group of Snoopers'."
Admiral William Leahy (Jan. 22 1946)
January 22 2021 — On January 22 1946, President Harry S. Truman signed the directive establishing the National Intelligence Authority and the Central Intelligence Group. Follow us on Twitter: @Intel_Today
RELATED POST: On This Day — The Central Intelligence Agency Act Is Signed (June 20 1949)
RELATED POST: CIA — Memorial Ceremony 2018
RELATED POST: Parody –"Party In The CIA" by "Weird Al" Yankovic
RELATED POST: One Year Ago — The long history of CIA involvement in the international narcotics trade — [Documentary]
"There is something about the way the CIA has been functioning that is casting a shadow over our historic position and I feel that we need to correct it."
Harry Truman (December 22 1963)
On January 24 1946, President Harry S. Truman appointed the first Director of Central Intelligence, Sidney W. Souers.
The office diary of the President's chief military adviser, Flt. Adm. William Leahy, records a curious event on January 24, 1946:
"At lunch today in the White House, with only members of the Staff present, Rear Admiral Sidney Souers and I were presented [by President Truman] with black cloaks, black hats, and wooden daggers, and the President read an amusing directive to us outlining some of our duties in the Central Intelligence Agency [sic], 'Cloak and Dagger Group of Snoopers'."
With this whimsical ceremony, President Truman christened Admiral Souers as the first Director of Central Intelligence.
Souers had served as Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence during World War II, and before then had been a St. Louis banker and insurance executive, as well as a pillar of the Democratic Party in Missouri.
In late 1945 he had coordinated the various intelligence reform plans considered by the White House in the drafting of the President's January 22, 1946 directive that created the Central Intelligence Group (CIG).
"CIG was responsible for coordinating, planning, evaluating and disseminating intelligence. CIG also acquired a clandestine collection capability as well as authority to conduct independent research and analysis.
This was key as CIG was no longer just coordinating the intelligence it received from government agencies, but was now producing intelligence on its own. This enlarged CIG's personnel strength considerably.
The new organization spied overseas with employees lent to it from the Army, Navy and Department of State. CIG functioned under the National Intelligence Authority, which was composed of a presidential representative and the secretaries of State, War and Navy.
Within months of its creation, CIG became the nation's primary agency for strategic warning and management of clandestine activities abroad.
Yet, it was shackled to the constraints and resistance of the Department of State and the armed services.
And so, to free itself, CIG became an independent department and was renamed the Central Intelligence Agency."
The CIA was created under the National Security Act of 1947.
Two years later, President Truman signed the Central Intelligence Agency Act, which authorized CIA to secretly fund intelligence operations and conduct personnel actions outside of standard US Government procedures.
By 1963, Truman admitted in writing that he was seriously "disturbed by the way CIA has been diverted from its original assignment."
"I think it has become necessary to take another look at the purpose and operations of our Central Intelligence Agency.
At least, I would like to submit here the original reason why I thought it necessary to organize this Agency during my Administration, what I expected it to do and how it was to operate as an arm of the President.
We have grown up as a nation, respected for our free institutions and for our ability to maintain a free and open society.
There is something about the way the CIA has been functioning that is casting a shadow over our historic position and I feel that we need to correct it." (December 22 1963)
The day after the mysterious death of U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold (29 July 1905 – 18 September 1961), President Truman told a group of reporters:
"Hammarskjöld was at the point of getting something done when they killed him. Notice that I said 'when they killed him'."
President Truman Creates the National Intelligence Authority and the Central Intelligence Group, January 22, 1946: The Documents — National Archives
A Look Back … Truman Appoints First DCI, 1946 — CIA Official website
Truman on CIA — CIA Official website
History of the CIA — CIA Official website
On This Day — President Truman Creates the Central Intelligence Group (January 22, 1946)
On This Day — President Truman Creates the Central Intelligence Group (January 22, 1946) [2020]
This entry was posted in CIA, On This Day and tagged Central Intelligence Group, CIA, President Truman. Bookmark the permalink.


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HOTEL NEAR WEST END THEATRES
Select date & locationBOOK NOW
Hotel near London's West End
London's West End is famous for its numerous world famous theatres, tourist attractions and shopping.
Some of London's West End's must see attractions include:
A visit to London isn't complete without a stroll down one of Europe's busiest shopping streets. This street contains all of the major flagship stores, iconic department stores and a wide range of eateries.
Marylebone High Street
Experience village life in the heart of London, here in this sheltered West End corner. With its elegant boutiques and quiet restaurants, Marylebone High Street seems a world away from the hustle and bustle of Oxford Street.
Selfridges has remained at the heart of the West End shopping experience for the past 100 years and has now become one of the world's finest department stores. With 6 floors and 100's of designer outlets.
Many more include London Eye, Buckingham Palace, Madame Tussauds and Hamleys Toy Store
The West End Theatre district
The West End Theatre district in London is similar to New York's Broadway district. It plays host to some of the world's best musical theatre shows and accommodates thousands of theatre goers every year. Shows such as Phantom of the Opera, Les Miserables, Chicago and Wicked are shown on the stages of theatres such as Her Majesty's Theatre, Queen's Theatre, Cambridge Theatre, and The Apollo Victoria Theatre.
If you are attending one of these West End Shows, why not stay overnight at Clayton Crown Hotel London which is ideally located just minutes from the "West End".
Covent Garden, London
GPS: 51.5129211N, -0.1243863W
https://tickets.london/theatre-tickets
Clayton Hotel City of London
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Q: Joomla installation error on server I am installing Joomla on my live server and it is showing me the following error, help appreciated.

Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /root/libraries/joomla/session/handler/joomla.php on line 45
Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /root/libraries/joomla/session/handler/joomla.php on line 48
Warning: ini_set() has been disabled for security reasons in /root/libraries/joomla/session/session.php on line 908
Error displaying the error page: Application Instantiation Error: Failed to start the session because headers have already been sent by "root/libraries/joomla/session/handler/joomla.php" at line 45.

A: The ini_set() function is disabled in your php.ini file. If you have access to your php.ini file look for the disable_functions item and remove ini_set() from the list.
If you do not have access to php.ini ask your hosting provider if they can remove it from disable_functions item.
Edit:
The best way to find the location of your php.ini file it to create a .php file with <?php php_ini_loaded_file(); ?> in it. Open that file in your browser and there you have the path to your php.ini file.


Mahavir Gems : Sparkling world of natural & certified gemstones, navgrahas & birthstones. Mahavir Gems : Sparkling world of natural & certified gemstones, navgrahas & birthstones.
Copyright 2009-2014 Mahavir Gems. All Rights Reserved.
The word "DICHROSCOPE" really means "to see two colors". The use of a dichroscope can be helpful in identifying colored gemstones. Also, faceters of gemstones may find one useful for favorable orientation of rough crystals.
Gemstones which are single crystals transmit polarized light which can have different colors (usually shades of one color) depending on the direction of the light ray through the crystal. It is the crystal structure and the presence of usually metal ions (e.g., Fe, Cr, V, Mn etc) which absorb certain parts of the visible light spectrum and allow the transmission of the residual light thus producing a distinctive color for the gemstone.
For a gemstone to exhibit dichroism it must be a single crystal (not polycrsytalline) and not of cubic or isometric crystal symmetry (this excludes diamond, spinel, cubic zirconia, garnet etc) . If a crystal has isometric symmetry then there is no possibility of light being absorbed differently no matter what direction it takes. Ditto glass imitations and amorphous materials (e.g., opals and metamict zircon).
A dichroscope is little (Approx 2 inch) optical gadget through which you view an illuminated colored gemstone from various angles in the hope of detecting two colors. If you do detect two colors then with your experience of gem testing (or reference to a gem book) you may narrow down the possibilities for identification.
A dichroscope have a little calcite rhomb inside it which provides a view of the two colors side-by-side, or you can make one yourself of similar design. Also you can use a piece of polaroid (cut from sun glasses as default ) but then you have to remember the color from one turn to the next.
Calcite crystals are unique (almost) in that they have a very high double refraction of 0.172, which is the maximum difference in refractive indices, depending on the direction the light rays take through the crystal; this is high compared to the D.R. of 0.009 for quartz.
As a gemologist you have to know which gemstones exhibit appreciable dichroism. Top of the list is tourmaline, which when deeply colored, displays very strong dichroism. Tourmaline has trigonal symmetry and shows the deepest color when viewed down the prism or optic axis (O-ray), and the lightest color when viewed across the prism (combined O & E-ray). Use a piece of polaroid to check the colors across the prism whereby turning the crystal you can see the different colors of the 0-ray and E-ray. Using a dichroscope you see via the pinhole, both colors side-by-side. Experiment with tourmaline using natural prism specimens and then with faceted stones until you are confident about what you are observing.
It is helpful to have a little collection of faceted gemstones exhibiting dichroism of varying degree, for comparison with unknowns and testing purposes. This would include synthetic ruby, sapphire and emerald, tourmalines, various beryls and quartzes.
Let's say you examine a faceted red gemstone and you detect dichroism, a deep red and pink colors. This means it is not glass, spinel or garnet, but could be ruby or tourmaline. Further tests are required for identification. If you don't detect dichroism then you can't really say anything for sure. You may be looking down an optic axis of what is usually a dichroic mineral, or it may not be present (e.g., citrines are not always dichroic).
Gemstones that often exhibit strong dichroism include tourmaline, tanzanite, andalusite, apatite, benitoite, ruby, many sapphires, alexandrite, blue zircon, epidote, iolite, kyanite, sphene and many more rarities. Some of these gemstones may vary in color (hue) depending on the type of light illuminating them (e.g., daylight, tungsten filament, fluorescent).
Gemstones that exhibit noticeable (distinct) dichroism include amethyst, citrine, emerald, aquamarine, chrysoberyl, and topaz.
You can only see two colors at once. However, some colored crystals of low symmetry (e.g. orthorhombic, monoclinic, triclinic) are called pleochroic in the sense that they can exhibit three colors depending on the direction of light through the crystal. A good example of this is andalusite (a rare gemstone) and the colors observed are green, brown and red. The valuable gemstone, alexandrite, is another example, the colors being deep red, orange-yellow and green.
So a dichroscope is quite useful in identifying a gemstone. Always have one available. By using a hand lens and a dichroscope you should be able to identify perhaps 90% of all gemstones that come to hand. To do better than that you would need more costly testing equipment (e.g., binocular microscope and refractometer). However, much can be achieve by using simple equipment. This is what makes gemology a challenge and a fascinating hobby.


I have often been asked about carrying pepper spray as a self-defense weapon. Everyone has to conduct a risk assessment and what they are comfortable carrying and using if the time comes.
Women make up the majority of Americans that carry pepper spray on a daily basis. It is fairly safe and a less lethal option to stop a larger threat.
I do not discourage anyone from using pepper spray, but rather make sure you train correctly and have a plan. If your pepper spray is in the bottom of your purse or dangling wildly from you purse strap, how will you get to it when an attacker is 10 feet from you? The attacker can announce they are coming to assault you, walk normally to you and have their hands on you before you will put your hands on your pepper spray, wherever it is.
Too many people carry pepper spray and rely on it being there to stop a threat. You need to have it staged and readily accessible in the event of an attack.
Practice. Buy and extra bottle of pepper spray and go home and practice on a life size cutout and see the range of the spray and how it is affected by the wind. The effective range of most pepper spray is around 20 feet. You will soon realize that you will more than likely get some pepper spray on you or at least breathe some in. Then, you will know what it is like and how to deal with it.
Train. Put your pepper spray in a location that is easy to get to with one hand and can be deployed by one hand. When you leave the store, you should be carrying your pepper spray in your hand along with your keys. FORGET your phone for 90 seconds and be aware of your surroundings. If you carry your spray on your body, have a plan of how to grip, draw and deploy the spray in the event of an attack.
Don't just put it in your pocket or jacket. This are both examples of false security. You feel safe because it is there. However, nothing could be further from the truth.
If you carry a lethal weapon and pepper spray as a secondary weapon, that is great. You still need a plan of action for drawing the pepper spray and deploying it, just as you would with a lethal weapon.
If you are a runner, pepper spray is a great choice for self-defense. Just keep in mind that you will need to place it somewhere you can get to it in a hurry and with one hand. If you run with a back pack or fanny pack, you will have to unzip something to obtain the spray. That is never a good situation. Try and carry it on your person, or even in your hand. If a would be attacker sees that you are armed, it may totally change his mind and the outcome as well.
In my line of work pepper spray is something commonly utilized. We call it OC. It stands for Oleoresin Capsicum. It DOES NOT affect everyone the same. Some people have been getting sprayed by pepper spray for years and it doesn't affect them like it would a normal person. You can spray someone and they may still continue to charge you and put their hands on you. You have to aim it at the nose and eye areas to be effective.
Overall, pepper spray is a good self-defense weapon IF it can be deployed and used properly. It is another tool for your tool box.


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Welcome to JKPC
Welcome to John Knox Presbyterian Church
9104 Westport Rd. Louisville, KY 40242
A member of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Mid-Kentucky Presbytery and a Matthew 25 Church
Sharing God's Love by Caring for Others and Putting Faith Into Action.
Masks are optional as long as Jefferson County is in the GREEN zone and you are vaccinated. You will find a link to our sermon podcasts on our Facebook page. (See link below.)
John Knox Presbyterian Church welcomes all who walk through the doors of our sanctuary - regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, economic or social status, physical or mental ability, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression. We believe that all are valuable children of God.
Sunday Worship 11:00 a.m.
Sunday school 9:30 a.m. when scheduled
Calendar Events for January 2023:
01/01 - Communion celebrated at 11 AM worship service
Guest Minister, the Rev. Ann LaPerle
01/03- Tuesday Study Group (Book study, What Kind of Christianity) 2:00 PM, Parlor
City of Westwood 7:30 PM, Parlor
01/08 - Sunday school study (Honor Sabbath, Lesson 1) 9:30 AM, Parlor
01/10 - Tuesday Study Group (Book study, What Kind of Christianity) 2:00 PM, Parlor
Langdon Place 7:00, Parlor
01/27 - Games On! event 1:00 PM, Fitzsimons Hall
The Rev. Susan M. Barnes, Transitional Pastor
Minister's office hours – Tuesday 10 a.m. – 2 p.m. and by appointment
Welcome! If you are looking for a spiritual home, we hope you find one with us. I came to John Knox January 2020 as their transitional pastor, ready to help them discern their mission in the community and explore what God was calling them to do and be. Two and a half months later, the pandemic hit. We shut the doors of the church and began online worship for those who were online. For those who were not, we mailed out copies of the worship service, including scripture and liturgy. We wanted people to share in worship even when we couldn't be together.
In early spring of 2021, our parishioners were delighted to share their vaccination dates so we could celebrate in emails and newsletters. Our vaccinations and our mask-wearing demonstrate our Christian commitment to love our neighbors and ourselves. We were able to resume in-person worship May 2021. We are in the process of adding an online version of worship. We are all figuring out how to do mission as a post-pandemic church.
To reach me, call the church and leave a message. I will return your call. I'm often in the church building outside my office hours.
Since 1989, I've served churches in Montana, Iowa, Oregon, Oklahoma, and now Louisville. I love translating Scripture and finding out how the stories in the Bible speak to our stories. I do watercolor quilting and make stoles. I'm married to Mike Ferguson and we have two grown children, a boy and a girl.
Music Director - Judy Metzger Warren
Effective January 29, 2023
Judy comes to us with over 20 years of experience as a church musician and choral director. She is also Executive Coordinator, A/P Specialist and Corporate Office Manager at Presbyterian Homes and Services of Kentucky, Inc.
Judy has an Artist Diploma and Master of Music degree from the University of Cincinnati Conservatory of Music (OH) and Bachelor of Music from Fredonia State University (NY). Judy and her family reside in LaGrange, KY.
Member Leadership
What is an Elder?
Elders are chosen by members of the congregation. Together with ministers of the Word and Sacrament, they exercise leadership, government, and discipline and have responsibilities for the life of a particular church, as well as the church at large. They shall serve faithfully as members of the session for up to two, consecutive three-year terms.
9104 Westport Rd
Louisville, KY, 40242, US
Our members invite others to join our congregation. We want to broaden our efforts to put our faith into action. Members and visitors stay after worship to visit with one another. We enjoy getting to know visitors as much as connecting with long-time members. You will be warmly welcomed when you attend John Knox! We follow Jesus when we show hospitality to others.
© 2023 John Knox Presbyterian Church


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The Microsoft Surface Duo — how it became the thinnest foldable device in the world
By Kimberly Gedeon 11 September 2020
This is how Microsoft managed to do the impossible
The Microsoft Surface Duo may still have a few kinks to iron out with its UI, and the Redmond-based tech giant is promising firmware updates to ensure a smoother experience, but its hardware is seemingly flawless.
When unfolded, the Surface Duo is the thinnest foldable device on the market with just 0.18 inches of thinness. It's also a featherweight device, weighing only 0.5 pounds. Think about it — the Duo is as thin as the width of a USB-C port! But how did Microsoft manage to accomplish this feat? Let's dive into the marvel of the Surface Duo hardware.
The Microsoft Surface Duo review
The Microsoft Surface Duo — why it's screen isn't bendy like the Galaxy Z Fold 2
How Microsoft got the Surface Duo to become the world's thinnest foldable
At a late August briefing, Microsoft told tech reviewers that they were obsessed with the proportions of the Surface Duo. They wanted the Surface Duo to be 0.18 inches thin and they refused to budge on that measurement — even if it meant having to overcome difficult hurdles due to the limitations of space.
Microsoft Surface Duo (Image credit: Future)
One of those hurdles is the realization that there is no off-the-shelf hardware components that Microsoft could use for the Surface Duo that would accommodate a 0.18-inch thin dual-screen device. As a result, Microsoft had to innovate and invent their own components to launch the thinnest foldable in the world.
One of the first things Microsoft engineers had to invent for the Surface Duo is new antennas. Off-the-shelf antennas simply would not fit snugly inside the Surface Duo's thin envelope. Secondly, engineers had to invent new ultra-thin cables that carry power, data and control signals between the Surface Duo's two hemispheres. In order to make these cables thin, the Duo team had to invent a special alloy to make 'em two-hundredths of a millimeter thin, which is thinner than a human hair strand.
Illustration of the Surface Duo's hair-thin cable. (Image credit: Microsoft)
If you look at the image below, you can see that 56 hair-thin cables are routed between the two displays via Surface Duo's two 360-degree hinges, which is another hardware component that Microsoft had to reinvent to create the Surface Duo.
A look inside the Microsoft Surface Duo. (Image credit: Microsoft)
This 360-degree hinge is Microsoft's smallest hinge ever. Thanks to this new, innovative hinge, the Duo can open and close in a fluid, effortless manner, but at the same time, there is enough friction and stability to stop at any position. When asked how many times the Duo can fold before breaking, a Microsoft spokesperson said, "Until the human is tired of folding. The human will give up before the device breaks."
The Duo's unconventional design also impelled Microsoft to split the Duo's two 3,577 mAh batteries into an asymmetrical configuration. This presented another challenge for the Duo engineers — how can the Duo charge both displays simultaneously in a balanced and proportionate manner? It would do the Duo no good if one display was fed more power than the other while charging. Microsoft didn't divulge how it managed to charge balance both hemispheres, but the engineers ended up solving the conundrum.
After spending two weeks with the Surface Duo myself, both displays certainly do seem to charge on the same level, and not only that, even the color coverage is relatively the same. On our testing, the left display covered 141% of the DCI-P3 color gamut while the right covered 139%.
Another interesting fact about the Surface Duo is that it has two motherboards — one for each side. Although these two displays are a part of one device, Microsoft built both hemispheres as if they were two separate, independent entities.
As for the interface, it still needs some tweaking, but if Microsoft can perfect its UI and software, it could be an unstoppable force in the foldable market with flawless hardware components to boot.
Today's best Microsoft Surface Duo deals


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Gracia Baptista est une religieuse et compositrice espagnole active autour de 1557, durant la période dite du Siècle d'or espagnol. Elle est connue pour être la première compositrice de l'histoire dont une œuvre est publiée.

Éléments biographiques
Aucun élément biographique concernant Gracia Baptista ne nous est parvenu, si ce n'est qu'elle était nonne, espagnole, et qu'elle est réputée vivre à Ávila.

Au , il n'était guère aisé pour les femmes de se consacrer à une activité musicale, et le seul moyen était souvent de prendre l'habit, puisque dans les couvents de nombreuses femmes claviéristes servaient comme organiste afin d'accompagner les services religieux de la congrégation, ce qui semble être le cas de Gracia Baptista.

En 1557, une de ses compositions, Conditor alme, autour du cantus firmus de l'hymne de l'Avent , est éditée, ce qui fait de Baptista la première compositrice de l'histoire dont une œuvre est publiée.

La partition, polyphonique, à trois voix, est publiée dans le Libro de cifra nueva para tecla, arpa y vihuela de Luis Venegas de Henestrosa, un recueil qui comprend cent trente-huit pièces pour clavier, harpe et vihuela de la plume de grands vihuelistes tels qu'Alonso Mudarra, Enríquez de Valderrábano et Luis de Narváez ou de célèbres organistes comme Antonio de Cabezón et Francisco Hernández Palero. Dans cette anthologie des plus renommés compositeurs ibériques de l'époque, Baptista est la seule femme.

La pièce, plusieurs fois enregistrée de nos jours, à l'orgue ou au clavecin, est qualifiée par Josemi Lorenzo Arribas de .

Bibliographie

 .

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Musique de la Renaissance
 Place des femmes dans l'histoire de la musique

Liens externes

Compositeur espagnol de la Renaissance
Compositrice de la Renaissance
Date de naissance non renseignée (XVIe siècle)


For many people who are diagnosed with hearing loss, it is hard to digest that they can no longer hear like normal people. They might need a hearing aid to do so.
It takes time for one's self to understand and get used to the new world, new life and new aids.
It takes even longer time for the family to understand and get used to the person.
Relationship may not go forward in some cases.
Employment. Workplaces may not be able to accommodate people using aids.
Watching movies in a theater or on TV would never be the same.
In any case, the person who is suffering is left helpless. He/she has to get acquainted with the people around and their sarcastic comments saying the person cannot hear. All this happens with no fault of the person. The sufferer is in huge pressure to accept all these situations along with getting accustomed to the new reality. It is a Marathon of Life!
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Porec is among the absolute top holiday destinations in Croatia. The city is situated at the west coast of the Istria peninsula. During summer months, population of the city increases dramatically; all the additional people are housed in hotels, private apartments or in some of the very large campsites which can be found by Porec. The centre of thr town is the old town peninsula, which is a must see. The top sight in the old town is the Euphrasian Basilica which is a UNESCO world heritage site. In general, the old town has a very nice historical architecture which makes the place quite charming.
In terms of food there are plenty of options in and around the old town. The food offer is mainly a typical mixture of local and Italian food. Of course there are also lots of fish on the menu, personally I find the restaurants on the main square in front of the old town a bit too expensive (compared to quality), I prefer one of the smaller restaurants in the old town.
As mentioned there is a large selection of accommodation in Porec. In the old town mainly private apartments can be found, but as the offer is limited it can be difficult to find something if you do not book early. Along the coast south of Porec there is a large number of hotels in various categories to choose between. The hotel offer in Porec also includes all-inclusive hotels. North of Porec there are several very large Campsites offering a full range of facilities.


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Star Wars: Resistance #1: Review (Spoiler- free)
Star Wars: Resistance kicked off this weekend with a 33 minute starter episode. Was it what I expected? Let me be brief: it was way better than I expected!
So finally we are at the start of a new series of Star Wars content. Star Wars: Resistance was announced quite a while ago and the reception of the trailers and sneak-previews were mixed. But this weekend the adventures of Kazuda Xiono finally made their debut on the little screen. I will review it here, without spoilers so don't hesitate to read on.
One thing which I really liked from the start was that the episode immediately felt "urgent". Kazuda is introduced without many words being spent on back story and as a result it is the tension and threat that is in the first sequence that causes you to identify with the character before you know anything about him. We are thrown into an encounter of a group of New Republic X-wings with a First Order tie-fighter. The ensuing dog-fight is nicely done and provides a good opener and a great platform for the first big cameo of the series. If you have seen the trailers there will be nothing unexpected, except perhaps that this sequence appears so early on in the series.
Kazuda
It is nice to get to know a little more about the New Republic and its relationship to the Resistance by the way Kazuda interacts both with characters we already know from The Force Awakens and The Last Jedi but also with new characters. It all feels really natural and smooth and there is a definite Star Wars vibe going on in this series. Fortunately we do get a bit of back-story for Kazuda, but only that which is in a way essential for the story and enough to indicate that there is a lot more going on in his life till now that we probably will explore during the first season.
The Red Baron of Tie-fighter pilots also makes a first appearance here, as teased by the trailers and previews. Nothing that reveals to much about this character but again enough to make you wonder what is going on here.
I really enjoyed seeing that the conflict between Resistance and First-Order is a theme right form the start. Filoni does not ask us to sit through many episodes of introductory narrative first before we make contact with Sequel Trilogy material.
The set-up of bringing Kazuda to the place where the trailer-teased flying races play out is very satisfying. The whole thing has a real Prequel Trilogy feel and much of the atmosphere reminds one of the pod-racing from The Phantom Menace. I found that a very pleasing aspect of the series start. Filoni is a world-builder as he has shown with both Star Wars: The Clone Wars as well as Star Wars: Rebels. It is good to see that continued here as it raises the stakes for us as fans with these stories: if they truly add to the Star Wars universe then they become all the more interesting.
The races that we get to see are fun and beautifully shot. There is that Top Gun feel and the humor is well-placed and well-used. The frequency of occasionally slap-stickish fun is fairly high but I never found it distracting from the story. The stakes in this starter episode are kept appropriately low but significant for Kazuda as an individual. There is enough foreshadowing to indicate that we might be dealing with more than just a good pilot but at no point does the story-telling veer off into unrealistic depictions of mastery. Kazuda is a credibly good pilot and is at the same time "conscript-level" naïve as someone who has been in the New Republic Navy for a while but hasn't actually seen combat.
With a new show also comes a new flavour of art work to the Star Wars universe. Star Wars: Resistance is clearly in anime style, which some might like and others might detest. What I found much more striking was something else. Initially, especially in full screen mode, the level of detail and finishing on the art work might seem a little low-fi. But once the race scenes have begun and you see more crowds it does become clear that back ground characters are all individually designed. This is actually a real improvement over Star Wars: Rebels where sometimes the similarity of imperials became a little overwhelming.
Star Wars: Resistance in its first episode shows us plenty of alien species. Some new, some Sequel Trilogy species, but many also from the Prequel Trilogy and from the Star Wars games that were issued in the Old Canon. I enjoyed seeing an Ithorian walk across the screen.
I think Star Wars: Resistance has started off on a fun, exciting and satisfying episode. I can't wait to see the next one. And yeah … it was nice to see Kazuda fly with these New Republic insignia. Something which was glossed over to completely in The Force Awakens.
October 9, 2018 Rogue 47BB-8, Captain Phasma, Poe Dameron, Resistance, Sequels, Star Wars TV Series
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/ The Aristocrats
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The Sheik (Paramount, R-1938). Half Sheet (22" X 28"). The original 1921 release of this desert love adventure launched Rudo...
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The Prince and the Showgirl (Warner Brothers, 1957). Lobby Card (11" X 14"). Romance.
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The Prince and the Showgirl (Warner Brothers, 1957). Half Sheet (22" X 28"). Romance.
The Wedding March (Paramount, 1929). Swedish One Sheet (27.5" X 39.25"). Drama.
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The Prince and the Showgirl (Warner Brothers, 1957). Color Photo Set of 12 (8" X 10").
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The Bohemian Girl (MGM, 1936). Title Lobby Card (11" X 14"). This madcap comedy starring Stan Laurel, Oliver Hardy and Thelm...
Bombshell (MGM, 1933). Lobby Card (11" X 14"). Squaring off for her affections, Jean Harlow (Lola Burns) is caught in the mi...
The Mark of Zorro (Twentieth Century-Fox, 1940). Lobby Cards (3) (11" X 14"). Director Rouben Mamoulian led the all-star cas... (3 items)
The Eagle (United Artists, 1925). Lobby Card (11" X 14"). Drama. Starring Rudolph Valentino, Vilma Banky, Louise Dresser and...
Auction 56093 | Lot: 26129 | Sep 17, 2006
The Prince and the Showgirl (Warner Brothers, 1957). Very Fine-. Lobby Card (11" X 14"). Romance.
Auction 161910 | Lot: 52336 | Mar 10, 2019
The White Sister (MGM, 1933). Very Fine. Title Lobby Card (11" X 14"). Drama.
Auction 161850 | Lot: 53461 | Dec 16, 2018
The Sign of Zorro (Buena Vista, 1960). Lobby Cards (2) (11" X 14"). Adventure.
Auction 161847 | Lot: 54357 | Nov 25, 2018
The Scarlet Pimpernel (Minerva Film,1940s). First Post-War Release Italian Foglio (27.5" X 39.25").
Zorro's Fighting Legion (Republic, 1939). One Sheet (27" X 41") Chapter 4 -- "The Bridge of Peril."
The Spanish Dancer (Paramount, 1926). Swedish One Sheet (23.5" X 35.5").
The Prince and the Showgirl (Warner Brothers, 1957). Banner (24" X 82").
Beyond the Rocks (Paramount, 1922). Lobby Card (11" X 14").
The Sheik (Paramount, 1921). CGC Graded Lobby Card (11" X 14").
The Prince and the Showgirl (Warner Brothers, 1957). Swedish One Sheet (27." X 39.25").
Orphans of the Storm (United Artists, 1921). Lobby Cards (3) (11" X 14").
Marilyn Monroe in "The Prince and the Showgirl" (Warner Brothers, 1957). Photo (8" X 10").
The White Sister (MGM, 1933). Lobby Card (11" X 14").
The White Sister (MGM, 1933). Swedish One Sheet (27.5" X 39.5").
The Forbidden Street (20th Century Fox, 1949). One Sheet (27" X 41"). Drama.
The Mark of Zorro (20th Century Fox, 1940). Window Card (14" X 22"). Perhaps the best version of the tale of Zorro, this fil...
The Last of Mrs. Cheyney (MGM, 1937). One Sheet (27" X 41") Style C. Crime.
The Sheik (Paramount, 1921).... (2 items)
The Invisible Boy (MGM, 1957)....
The Mark of Zorro (United Artists, 1920)....
The Bohemian Girl (MGM, 1936). Swedish One Sheet (27.5" X 39.5").


There was a time when efforts to promote gender equity in the workplace were gaining tremendous traction.
But no more. This means that organizations are operating with a talent deficit, and it shows in stalled bottom lines. Why has the momentum lost its steam? Are we, including the most "enlightened" of us, complicit?
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In this provocative keynote, addressing both women and men, Hodgkinson presents the reasons why progress on women's inclusion has stalled, and the six key things every man and woman in the organization must do to make it work for everyone. Advancing gender equity isn't just the right thing to do: it results in powerful, sustainable business performance improvement.
This keynote is a new and refreshing take on a vitally important topic. It is 'straight talk,' punctuated with humor, insight and candor, into the messy, complex and fascinating questions of why gender equality remains so elusive and how we, as individuals and as businesses, can jumpstart progress once again.
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Hurricane Katrina was the costliest hurricane in U.S. history. Most of us still have in our heads images of the flooding of New Orleans and its neighboring parishes, and the suffering of people stranded in their devastated city. We also have opinions about the failure of local, state and national government agencies to prevent and respond to the disaster.
Baum's nine principal informants, as he describes them, include "a retired streetcar-track repairman from the Lower Ninth Ward, a transsexual bar owner from St. Claude Avenue and the jazz-playing parish coroner, a white cop from Lakeview and a black jailbird from the Goose." Their stories give us a feel for their neighborhoods as communities with diverse ethnic and racial compositions, distinctive local cultures and value systems, and different degrees of importance to the local, state and federal governments.
Nine Lives is not a standard oral history. Baum did interview his informants, and they "unpack[ed] their innermost moments for a stranger. … They invited me into their heads and hearts, so that seemed to be the best place from which to tell their stories." But of Baum's nine informants, only the "black jailbird," Anthony Wells, an off-and-on addict, has his story told in direct quotations.
The result does for New Orleans what John Berendt's Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil did for Savannah. It gives us a good sense of what made New Orleans special well before Katrina hit and why its people have responded as they have to death and destruction, and to the much-delayed help in rescuing them and in rebuilding their city. Baum's narrative begins with older informants shortly after Hurricane Betsy sent floodwaters into the city in September 1965. The stories continue up to 2007, two years after Katrina.
We get to know these individuals and the city they still call home. We get to understand what they mean when they tell Baum that New Orleans wasn't and isn't "the worst-organized city in the United States," but "the best-organized city in the Caribbean." We get a feel for life among the poorest residents of the neglected Ninth Ward and its large, almost rural, "jungly lots." We come to understand the peculiar outlooks of New Orleans' social and political elite, both established families and arrivistes like Billy Grace, Baum's "millionaire king of carnival" who lives at 2525 St. Charles Avenue, one of the most important addresses in the New Orleanian social register. Every year during Mardi Gras, this stately old house hosts a formal toast to the carnival Rex of 1907. Continuing this tradition was almost as important in reviving New Orleans' public spirit as rebuilding the city's infrastructure.
Through Baum's stories, we also get a feel for New Orleans' native myths, and its attitudes toward skin color, wealth, class, gender, sexual identity, religion, education, opportunity and power. This is a big list, but Nine Lives delivers insights into each.
One myth, especially, now finds itself challenged, if not shattered, for many residents, black and white, rich and poor. Before Katrina, according to Baum's informants, citizens would mix at times across social, political and economic barriers and color lines with little wariness and without outright antagonism or deep misunderstanding. Many New Orleanians wanted to believe that in their city, differences of wealth, power, status and color never outweighed respect for basic human dignity. After Katrina, none of Baum's informants believes that.
While Baum's intertwined stories read like good fiction, they convey the same sense of reality as the late Studs Terkel's oral histories about race, the Great Depression, and the working lives of Americans. Eventually we come to understand the effects of Katrina with our own hearts, and we grasp the deep sorrow, disillusionment, and near-ruin the hurricane and the inept response by gov-ernment agencies and officials brought to the lives of so many residents.
Wells finds out the hard way one reason Knoxville eagerly takes in Katrina refugees. From his perspective, the city and its businesses profited off the misery of the refugees, who were given no information or choice about where they were going, how and how long they would be temporarily housed, or what practical forms of assistance might be available in Knoxville to help them rebuild their lives. There wasn't even local bus service close to their temporary housing.
In New Orleans, meanwhile, the poor congregants of St. Augustine Church, are "consumed in losing struggles-against FEMA, insurance companies, the state rebuilding authority, the federal housing program, crooked contractors who had descended on the city like vultures." Another of Baum's nine main informants, Frank Minyard, the longtime parish coroner and one of the book's real heroes, discovers the reason for delay after delay in collecting bodies for autopsy and identification. Minyard, as coroner, was there waiting for bodies to be brought in. Leaders of the 82nd Airborne and National Guard volunteered to have their troops collect the bodies. But they were forbidden to do so, in Minyard's opinion, while the Bush administration contracted with a private company to do this critical job.
Rawlins' dedication represents the spirit of many average New Orleanians, those who continue to care enough about their city, and about each other, to endure, rebuilding homes and lives together.


text: Q: Symbol for functions that vanish on boundary? If I have a domain $ M \subset \mathbb{R}^n $, is there a standard symbol for the set of functions $ f \in C^\infty(M) $ that vanish on $ \partial M$ ? I feel like I have seen this before, but I'm just forgetting where.


Meaning of name: Rukiga name for 'helpful'. He is.
Age: Born in 2001. At eight years, this sub-adult is soon about to take on blackback status.
With no distinguishing physical characteristic of note, he definitely lives up to his name; helpful. From since he was a mere juvenile, Muyambi was noted to be very helpful with the infants. The adult females could always count on him to keep the infants occupied during play time and he was always at hand to help a tired mother by carrying her baby.
Like his companions, he is a friendly, playful chap; inquisitive and curious towards visitors.
He currently looks up to big brother Kanyonyi, but how long will this happy state of affairs last? With few females left in the group, what's the possibility that the brothers will stay together when they both become silverbacks? Will they resort to raiding other groups for females to grow their family?
Who will end up as the dominant silverback, Kanyonyi or Muyambi? Will Malaika be true to both of them or will each of the brothers break-up, each taking a female with them to start their own families?
Muyambi's future may not seem as bright as his brother Kanyonyi, but just like in human families, one cannot tell. Now that he is your friend you can follow the fortunes of this young mountain gorilla.


text:
Can second order logic express each (computable) infinitary logic sentence?
In chapter 9 of Ebbinghaus et. al, the logical systems $\mathcal{L}_\text{II}$ ("full" second order logic with standard semantics) and $\mathcal{L}_{\omega_1\omega}$ (countable infinitary logic with finite quantificaton) are introduced. The chapter gives some examples which should indicate why second order logic is rather too expressive. This is taken as motivation for introducing infinitary logic as a slightly less expressive logic system.
Here comes my question. Because second order logic is considered more expressive than infinitary logic, it should be possible to express each (computable) infinitary logic sentence as a (countable?) set of second order formulas, such that both have exactly the same models. One non-constructive way to do this would be to take the class of all models of the infinitary logic sentence, and then take the set of all second order formulas which are valid for all models from that class. Then one would only have to prove that this set of formulas has no other models than the ones used to construct it.
However, I ask myself whether there is also a more constructive way to express a given (computable) inifinitary logic sentence in second order logic by a set of formulas. Some way to implicitly reference some set of formulas in another formula, something like converting some set of formulas $\varphi_i$ to $\forall x (\varphi_i \rightarrow Xx$) and then using $X$ in a clever way in the other formula. Or perhaps it is possible to implicitly write programs in second order logic which both compute the subexpressions and somehow apply the infinite "or" operation to these terms.
logic higher-order-logic
Thomas KlimpelThomas Klimpel
I will describe a translation that takes a computable sentence $\phi$ of $L_{\omega_1\omega}$, in some first-order signature, and turns it into a sentence $\phi^*$ in second-order logic with the same signature, so that for any first-order structure $M$, $M$ satisfies $\phi$ if and only if $M$ satisfies $\phi^*$. This can be done under two extra hypotheses: I need the signature to be finite and I only get a translation that works when $M$ is infinite. I don't see yet how to do the general case, which might use a very different method. But this method is interesting (to me at least), even though it gives a stronger conclusion with stronger hypotheses.
When we have infinite models, second-order logic is able to quantify over isomorphic copies of the standard model of Peano arithmetic. Using these (anonymous) copies, it is able to do the coding of syntax that can be done in Peano arithmetic. It only needs the signature to contain equality for this to work, but it needs the model to be infinite in order to get started.
In any of these copies, second-order logic can define the set $T_1$ of numbers $n$ such that $n$ is the code for a first-order formula $\psi$ in the signature of $M$ and $\psi$ holds in $M$. $T_1$ is the smallest set that contains the code of every true atomic formula and is closed under the $T$-schema. The former property of a set can be expressed as a formula because the signature is finite; the latter can be expressed because there are only finitely many logical connectives. Thus the property "$X$ contains the code of every true atomic formula and is closed under the $T$-schema" can be expressed as a formula of second-order logic. Then for any $n$, $n$ is in $T_1$ if and only if $n$ is in every set $X$ that has the property quoted in the previous sentence. Thus in general, if $\phi$ is first order, we could let $\phi^*$ say "$k \in T_1$", where $k$ is the code for $\phi$. Written more explicitly, $\phi^*$ would say "for every model of PA, the term $k$ in this model is in the set $T_1$ defined in this model".
The argument in the last paragraph extends immediately to the computable fragment of $L_{\omega_1\omega}$. The only change is that we have infinite computable conjunctions; they can be handled as another line in the $T$-schema that is used to define $T_1$. Here we assume that an infinite computable conjunction is syntactically represented by the index of the computable function that enumerates the conjuncts.
Carl MummertCarl Mummert
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