text:
Transgender Map
by Andrea James
For trans + people
Women / transfeminine
Men / transmasculine
Gender diverse / nonbinary +
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What does "transgender" mean?
Name choice
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Models of care
Paying for transition
For young visitors
Support this site!
History of this project
Alice Dreger vs. transgender people
Alice Dreger is an American historian best known for
exploiting minorities:
conjoined twins
sex and gender minorities
disease mongering:
for people with differences in sex development
for sexual minorities
for gender diverse children
for transgender and gender diverse adults
for people in the kink community
defending Kenneth Zucker's reparative therapy for gender diverse children
defending J. Michael Bailey's fabricated case report of a gender diverse child
Dreger was one of the first members named to the Intellectual Dark Web, described as a "gateway to the far right." She has tried to distance herself from the group since 2018, rebranding as an "academic freedom" crusader. She has gone on to get money and attention by claiming to be oppressed or silenced by the minorities she exploits. Biologist Julia Serano describes this tactic as the "Dregerian narrative." Dreger's tactics are described by social scientists as DARVO (Deny, Attack, and Reverse Victim and Offender).
The "academic freedom" marketing ploy is a grift in her case. Dreger does everything in her power to shut down academic events that criticize her. She tried and failed to stop me from speaking at her campus in 2006, which led to her multi-year obsession with me. Then she tried and failed to shut down an entire 2008 panel at the National Women's Studies Association conference. That panel was about Dreger's earlier attempts to impinge on our academic freedom.
This will be updated shortly, but below is my exposé on Kenneth Zucker, the reparative therapist of gender diverse children who published Dreger's defense of J. Michael Bailey. That defense was later republished in Galileo's Middle Finger, but without her unsupportable claims clearing Bailey of fabricating his Danny Ryan case report. Zucker was fired a few months after this exposé.
In 2019, the town where Dreger lives outlawed the anti-transgender "therapy" she and Zucker support.
Sexology's war on transgender children (2015)
Dreger has been involved in a number of other controversies, including
sustained attacks on Dr. Maria New via her site fetaldex.org [archive] and her book Galileo's Middle Finger.
local news site East Lansing Info
sustained attacks on local leaders and businesses
installing election denier Anne Hill as interim Executive Director
Writing her second work of fiction following the success of the first, Galileo's Middle Finger, this time under the name Molly Macallen, titled The Index Case
The archival information below will be updated soon.
monger (verb): To trade or deal in: said especially of unfair or illegal methods and dealings.
Alice Domurat Dreger is a self-styled "hermaphrodite monger" best known for diagnosing minorities with diseases that she and her friends create. The former tenured professor's trade is writing and speaking about controversies surrounding marginalized populations, especially sex and gender minorities.
Dreger is most famous (if you can call her that) for pushing to abandon the term "intersex" in favor of the medicalized term DSD, for "disorders of sex development" (Dreger 2005). Though Dreger has claimed that "DSD isn't terribly stigmatizing" (Dreger 2006a), activists and experts have objected to Dreger's pathologizing disease model (e.g. OII 2006, Diamond 2006). Dreger leverages her academic connections to suppress and discredit criticism.
Dreger's academic influence had faded by 2006, however. She claimed she wanted to spend more time with her son and was "exhausted" (Dreger 2006b), but what was really exhausted was the money she'd been paid to prepare promotional materials for the DSD Consortium (Dreger 2006c), a group from which she was about to resign. What's a part-time minor academic with no upcoming projects or funding to do?
Hack journalists want to be in their stories, and hack historians long to make themselves part of history. Alice Dreger craves the fame and attention that have largely eluded her, and her preferred methods and dealings include complaining, rumor-mongering, and trolling. I believe the record shows that she instigated a personal feud with me in hopes of positioning herself as somewhat relevant again in academia, part of her attempt to recast herself as a bioethicist.
Normally, I don't bother dealing with kooks and academic nobodies like Dreger. I've learned they're just not worth the effort. I did not issue a public response to Dreger's antics until August 2007, about 18 months after she began fixating on me.
Dreger unsuccessfully tried to suppress a 2006 speech I was invited to give at her school and twice tried to get me fired. Her obsessive anger following those failures drove her to spend a year on her magnum opus about Bailey's 2003 book The Man Who Would Be Queen and the ensuing investigations (Conway 2003, Wilson 2004). Dreger calls her work a "partial history" (Dreger 2007), apparently missing the second meaning. It is certainly partial in both senses. This 53,000-word apologia epitomizes why I left academia. Sadly, this kind of sloppy, vindictive nonsense passes as scholarship today, especially at the Archives of Sexual Behavior, the house organ for Bailey and his cronies (Springer 2007) associated with Toronto's regressive CAMH Clarke Institute. It's remarkable how much Dreger deliberately omitted despite rambling for over 60 pages.
Unfair methods: intellectual dishonesty and media manipulation
Though there are many, many more examples, I want to note at the onset one key instance of Alice Dreger's intellectual dishonesty in service of her personal vendetta against me.
Dreger's claims that I have made "explicit threats" against her are patent nonsense. I am well-known for my anti-violence activism. The all-transgender Vagina Monologues I co-produced in 2004 benefited the Los Angeles Commission on Assaults Against Women (now called Peace Over Violence). That event was historic enough to be made into a documentary (Aronson 2006). I'm featured in a book of anti-violence activists (Ensler 2005). I speak about stopping anti-trans violence in a documentary in which Dreger also appears (see side-by-side screenshots above) (Thomas 2005).
Her claim that she is "in fear" (Dreger 2006e) is obviously a disingenuous tactic. Dreger just needed a nemesis to inject herself into this faded controversy and to make her involvement more melodramatic. She also needed a pretext not to interview me for her "history." My first emailed response to Dreger assumed her questions were in good faith, despite her petulant tone. Her response proved I was wrong about her intent. Dreger's selective quoting in order to make me sound menacing is laughable when put back in context.
In response to Dreger's ongoing personal vendetta against me, now masquerading as "scholarship," I am releasing our seven private emails for the record, as well as related emails to others in which we mention each other. Dreger's gossipy, partisan hit piece is certainly not newsworthy, but Dreger is pushing hard to get her media connections to cover this non-event. She explains how to manipulate reporters on her website:
… the best way to do it is the one-two punch: publish in a medical journal, and then make as big a media stink about it as you can, for example, by writing a national editorial about it, or by using relationships you've developed with reporters. (Dreger 2006d)
Bailey had developed a relationship with Benedict Carey at the New York Times, who wrote me on 2 August 2007 requesting comment about Alice Dreger's unpublished paper (Carey 2007a). Carey didn't think the Bailey investigation was newsworthy enough to mention in his 2005 "Straight, Gay, or Lying" piece about Bailey's bisexuality "controversy" (Carey 2005). Carey was criticized by everyone from media watchdogs (FAIR 2005) to LGBT rights groups (GLAAD 2005, NGLTF 2005) for his reporting. In 2007, Bailey and Dreger fed him Dreger's unpublished apologia in hopes of getting Carey to print a story just as the IASR annual sexology conference started. Carey's bisexuality piece was similarly timed in 2005, but this time it appears his Times editors were aware of the appearance of impropriety and postponed it until after the conference (Carey 2007b). Since Carey and others apparently take Dreger seriously, I decided to defend myself from Dreger's 18 months of escalating personal attacks.
Timeline and correspondence
Below are the seven emails Alice Dreger and I exchanged, unabridged and chronologically ordered with contextualization and annotation. Four of them were on the first day she contacted me (May 16). Since few will want to slog through this, here's a summary:
May 9, 2006: Dreger contacts faculty in unsuccessful attempt to suppress my upcoming Northwestern University speech.
May 11: Dreger contacts my student hosts in unsuccessful attempt to suppress my upcoming Northwestern University speech.
May 13: Dreger publishes "The blog I write in fear" in unsuccessful attempt to get me to respond.
May 16:
Dreger emails me to make sure I saw her blog.
My 2,500-word detailed response to her questions, and offer to meet or speak.
Dreger's 25-word blow-off.
I reiterate my offer to continue a dialogue.
May 18: Dreger's attempts at stifling dissent are unsuccessful. I speak at Northwestern.
May 22: I stop by Dreger's offices while in town to see her and another person I know in her program.
May 27: Intersex activists contact me about Dreger's "lies, distortions and outright bigotry."
June 1: Dreger unsuccessfully tries to get me fired from my speakers bureau. I send a note mocking her efforts.
June 7: Dreger publishes "A follow-up on my encounter with Andrea James," selectively quoting exactly as I predicted.
June 12: Dreger and Bailey unsuccessfully try to get me fired from my speakers bureau again.
June 13: Dreger begins interviews for her "history."
August 1: Dreger interviews continue.
September 20: I link to intersex activists critical of Dreger's "disorders of sex development" model.
October 1: Dreger emails her mailing list bemoaning my attempts to "ruin" people and discredit her.
October 3: I mockingly suggest to Dreger that she stop fixating on me, to no avail.
Alice Dreger gets the alarm call:
"Bailey emailed me to let me know that Andrea James had been invited by Northwestern University's Rainbow Alliance to speak at the Evanston campus of our university." (Dreger 2007)
Apparently attempting to ingratiate herself with Bailey, her coworkers, and Northwestern administrators, Dreger starts contacting faculty at Northwestern about getting my speech stopped.
They generally ignore her attempts. One academic takes her to task for trying to stop the free exchange of ideas:
"I support Northwestern students in gathering knowledge about sex and sexuality from many points of view." (Dreger 2006e)
She's none too happy, so Dreger escalates things.
Alice Dreger contacts Northwestern's Rainbow Alliance in hopes of silencing me. (Dreger 2007)
Though Dreger claimed in her May 16 letter to me that this led to a "productive dialog," they in fact ignore her.
Alice Dreger posts "The blog I write in fear." (Dreger 2006e) It focuses on some deliberately offensive satire I wrote in 2003 about how Bailey tends to reduce sexuality to pseudoscientific binaries. Bailey had no problems with mocking gender-variant children in his lectures (Roughgarden 2003), so I responded in kind. Today, the only place that satire is available is on Bailey's website, part of his pattern of using his own children in service of his arguments.
With Mother's Day the next day, Dreger must have been feeling a bit sentimental about being a mommy as she blogged about me:
"I just hope she keeps her words off my kid. (Defender of children, my ass.)" (Dreger 2006e)
Dreger opines about why my upcoming lecture should be stopped:
"I would feel the same way were someone to be interested in, say, inviting a neo-Nazi to speak on campus." (Dreger 2006e)
She adds:
"I hardly think there is any point in hearing from folks like Fred Phelps, nor do I think it makes any sense to invite Andrea James." (Dreger 2006e)
I ignore her.
Alice Dreger contacts me by email to make sure I had seen her blog, hypocritically advising me to "consider toning down (better yet, ending) your attacks."
Dreger also mentions an email I sent in 1998 to Anne Lawrence (James 1998, see Appendix 1), before it was public knowledge that Lawrence's 1997 resignation as an anesthesiologist (Washington Dept. of Health 1997) was connected with Lawrence's erotic interest in ritualized genital modification (which Lawrence describes as "autogynephilia," a sex-fueled mental illness made up by Ray Blanchard). Based on Dreger's misinterpretation of my first-blush response to Lawrence's introduction to the concept (Lawrence 1998), Dreger claims that I clearly describe myself as an "autogynophile" [sic].
From: "Alice Dreger, Ph.D." <a-dreger@northwestern.edu>
Date: Tue, 16 May 2006 13:41:11 -0400
To: andrea@andreajames.com
Subject: a quick note
Dear Ms. James,
I presume by now you've heard about my blog regarding your visit to our campus:
The Blog I Write in Fear
I thought about contacting you directly regarding this, but I get the sense from your posts that productive dialogue is not a real option for us. Happily the post has led to productive dialogue with others, including your student hosts.
In response to my post I also ended up talking with Anne Lawrence, who forwarded me an email you sent her in 1998. In case you don't recall, in that message you praised her work, Blanchard's work, and clearly described yourself and other trans women as autogynophiles [sic].
For the record, I have no problem with autogynophilia [sic] –the concept or the identity. I confess that what confuses me is how you got from that to all this.
As someone who finds herself working in pediatric gender clinics to try to get doctors to be more supportive of children with atypical gender and sex presentations, I'd personally appreciate if you could consider toning down (better yet, ending) your attacks. The kind of rhetoric you employ only leads doctors to believe that children who don't end up gender-stablized [sic] end up violent and angry. Naturally, I know otherwise, but I do find progress is more quickly achieved by staying in civil discourse.
Alice Dreger, Ph.D.
Medical Humanities and Bioethics Program
Though I was about to jump on a plane to speak at her school, I send back a 2,500-word response outlining the issues, explaining why I took that tack with Bailey and correcting her misinterpretation of what I meant in the 1998 email to Dr. Lawrence. I have linked key terms below for reference; full URLs were in original.
From: Andrea James <andrea@tsroadmap.com>
To: "Alice Dreger, Ph.D." <a-dreger@northwestern.edu>
Subject: Re: a not quick note
Yes, I read your recent troll about a three-year-old (and settled) debate. I'm chalking up your Helen Lovejoy-style "Won't someone please think of the children?" histrionics to Mother's Day weekend. You'll have to do a lot better than comparing me to Fred Phelps and neo-Nazis to compete. One guy who used to have a hate site about me is doing a life sentence in Colorado for a string of sexual assaults, so some rich straight white yuppie mommy blogger breaking Godwin's Law isn't really in the same league in terms of the offensiveness or intimidation I deal with on a daily basis, ya know? 😉
So, despite the way you decided to start this dialogue, let's proceed, shall we? You have somewhat of a one-sided picture on this, likely caused by USENET kooks like Willow Arune and Kiira Triea, not to mention three years of damage control by Bailey-Blanchard-Lawrence, and a sense of institutional loyalty to your employer. Since we are three years after the fact, let me get you up to speed. This is very messy and complicated, so I'll try to keep it short.
We'll start with Blanchard's neologism "autogynephilia." As I discuss in "The Anne Who Would Be Queen," I fell for this simplistic trap of categorization myself early on. Back when I first got on the internet in 1995, I had come across some of Ray Blanchard's early writings on the "types" of transsexuals and summarized them online. It seemed like a useful rudimentary way to think about sexuality in our community, and I still believe it has its limited uses in explaining that sexual orientation and gender identity are not the same thing. As many others have, I also did not grasp that this was a paraphilic model which casts our motivations as a sex-fueled mental illness. One of my majors was classical Greek, so I assumed "philia" (friendly love, affection, friendship, as opposed to "eros") could be considered in apposition to "phobia" (panic fear/hatred) and suggested to Dr. Lawrence that my own motivation might be better described as "autoandrophobia," a hatred of my self as male. I see my own self-loathing as akin to anorexia, mitigated greatly by transition. You'll find all that in the letter that was sent to you.
It wasn't until Bailey's book that I saw where all that was going in terms of the DSM and other forms of institutionalized oppression we face. I have written up a page summarizing why "autogynephilia" is an iatrogenic artifact here:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/autogynephilia.html
A fuller, more "scholarly" discussion of the issue is here:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/gender-identity.html
I have also written up some background on Anne Lawrence, including the very telling ethics incident that forced her to resign as an anesthesiologist and an incident that occurred with me when we were planning to collaborate on a book. As you probably know, I maintain the foremost site on the practical aspects of transition, and Dr. Lawrence maintains the largest collection of surgery photos and first-hand reports (which it turns out has an erotic component). At that time, I didn't see a need to duplicate efforts, since our sites were complementary. Since then, Dr. Lawrence has removed all links and references to sites that don't share the same views, as well as links to several surgeons who have threatened lawsuits, which might give the impression that Dr. Lawrence is not a pariah in the trans community. You can read about the whole sordid mess here:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/lawrence/anne-lawrence.html
Dr. Lawrence has compared transsexualism with amputee fetishism at amputee fetish conferences (the analogue to "gender conventions," which Dr. Lawrence also cruises, according to those who go to them). In that community they divide the fetishists into devotees, pretenders, and wannabes, and I discuss that here:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/wannabes.html
As I have mentioned, I believe it's better to drop the medicalized "paraphilia" stuff (which is being questioned as a concept) and think of gender variance in terms of interest in feminization, erotic interest in feminization, and autoerotic interest in feminization. These interests can be objective (toward others) or subjective (toward self) as well as for others and for self, and they do not rely on binaries of male/female and gay/straight. They also acknowledge that interest in feminization is not necessarily erotic, where in the BBL model it is always driven by sexual desire ("that which moves us most" according to Anne Lawrence) and is modeled as a psychosexual pathology.
Now, on to Blanchard and company. During the time they were the sole source of funding in Ontario, they turned down 90% of trans people who came to them for sex reassignment. This led to an incredibly competitive system where they ended up turning down anyone who would not submit to their increasingly regressive requirements, which led to serious sampling bias. That meant anyone who could do so got their health services through private or extralegal networks, as it had been done before "gender clinics" cropped up in the late 1960s. That left two main groups for Blanchard: those who got off on the forced feminization and humiliation of the "Jurassic Clarke" program, or those who had to report to his offices because of sex offences. Oh, and children who Blanchard pal Ken Zucker forces to conform to gender roles to "cure" them. It turns out that Blanchard and pals consider "male gender dysphorics, paedophiles, and fetishists" to be basically the same thing. Some have suggested that Blanchard's interest stemmed from seeing if chemically and physically castrated sex offenders had less recidivism. Perhaps you're aware of another Canadian, Aubrey Levin at the University of Calgary, who performed similar experiments on gay South African soldiers. Anyway, the Clarke Institute is named for Canada's foremost eugenicist, Charles Kirk Clarke, and was originally an asylum. Blanchard was one of the first members of the "Human Biodiversity Institute" mailing list for eugenics, sociobiology, evolutionary psychology, or whatever they are calling it this year. The most noted surgeons in Canada, Menard and now Brassard, will not accept referrals from the Clarke. I suggest reading "Access Denied" by Ki Namaste for a good overview.
Most people who actually read Bailey's book, from the head of the Kinsey Institute to the President of HBIGDA on down, realized it was not science and told Bailey just that. That's probably why he vacated his post at the IASR right after John Bancroft called him out in front of an auditorium of his peers. Bailey's book is a variation on the old "gay cure" narrative, where Bailey heroically cures a gender variant child growing up without a father figure by stepping in to set an example of a real man and by forcing the child to conform to gender roles. Never mind that the "Danny" story is apparently a fabrication… Perhaps that's something you can look into. Never mind that Bailey abandoned his own family, either (right around the time he started "studying" transsexual women)… perhaps some issues being resolved there.
Bailey's book is a polemic, modeled after The Bell Curve and other successful books of that kind put out by members of the Human Biodiversity Institute list. They learned that controversy is marketable and gets you on TV. Bailey's writing is a refinement of the work by his mentor Lee Willerman, a prominent member of the American Eugenics Society. As The Advocate called Bailey's work last month, his is "a kinder, gentler homophobia." Had he kept his book scholarly, like the article where he says screening for and aborting gay fetuses is morally acceptable and a matter of parental rights, the response to his book would have been different. Here's my take on what's really going on, now that he's claiming his science proves males are "gay, straight, or lying":
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/bailey-bisexual.html
For the best overview of Bailey, I recommend Nancy Ordover's American Eugenics: Race, Queer Anatomy, and the Science of Nationalism. She places his work squarely in the context of the American and German eugenics movements.
As for Kiira Triea, she's quite a story, too. Former Johns Hopkins employee who after a 1993 breakdown claims to have been subjected to sexualized experiments by her employer when she was younger. [2007 correction: though Triea had a Johns Hopkins email address at jhu.edu, she does not appear to have been an employee.] Since the breakdown, she's become a poor man's Laura Albert, a semi-employed wannabe rocker who created a bunch of JT LeRoy type "transkids" only she knows, and who all have Spanish, Japanese, or Finnish names. The Finnish is related to the open source program Linux, invented by a Finn. Denise Tree (as she was known then) was once the Linux newsletter editor, and her own new name is Finnish. There's also her friend Dr. Aeirt, whose surname is an anagram of her new name. I'm sure there's a reason ISNA has backed away from her a bit, but it seems she still has the ear of a few people there despite being a little off her rocker these days.
Willow Arune, the leader of the "autogynephilia" movement, is another character from whom you've undoubtedly heard:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/willow-arune.html
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/bailey-willow-arune.html
Make sure to read the part about being a fugitive from Thailand because of a multimillion-dollar forgery charge. You can read about the abortive "autogynephilia" movement here:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/autogynephilia-support.html
The little graph gives a sense of the relative size and significance of this ersatz movement, which is greatly exaggerated by the volume and obsessiveness of their efforts. Yahoo pulled the plug on them after their "leader" Arune started a Yahoo group devoted to cyberstalking me, which encouraged other detractors from my other areas of consumer activism. Some of the tone is preserved here:
http://www.bostonschoolofelectrolysis.com/transsexual-update3.php
As you can see, you will need to ramp your histrionics up a bit to compete, but I consider your blog entry in the same general category as this one, what with the Nazi analogies and all. One of the other hate sites about me was called needlenazi.com, by the way. Usually a Nazi analogy is the sign of someone who is a little unhinged when they are writing.
Our suite of websites gets well over three million visitors a year, probably four million this year at the current growth rate. If you ask actual transsexuals, not what are described in the literature as "transvestic applicants for sex reassignment," I think you'll find that your opinion of me is a little out of step with the world outside of the BBL clique. Sorry if you got a bad first impression from something I had on my site for a couple of weeks in 2003. I apologized to Bailey's son directly three years ago. The only place it lives on is at Bailey's website and in the posts of his vocal supporters. When we sit down for a chat, I'll explain exactly why I took that tack if you wish. You know what's funny? Bailey was flogging away at that dead horse during his IASR lecture titled "Identity politics as a hindrance to scientific truth" when Dr. Bancroft stood up and told him his book was not science. http://www.iasr.org/meeting/2003/abstracts2003.pdf The sexologists who witnessed it said it was obviously the turning point in Bailey's career, and you could see it on his face as the crowd sat in stunned silence. Wish I coulda been there. That's when this matter was settled to me, long before the half-assed "investigation" and the double secret probation that NU won't discuss.
Of course, Bailey continues to be popular at Northwestern. I mean, it's pretty hard not to make sex interesting for college students, right? Then there's his exotic safari tours of gay bars and transgender hooker bars, and his "freak of the week" afterschool specials where he trots out some gay guy who for $50 will tell about his 500 sex partners, or attention-craving eccentrics who desperately want an audience and don't understand how they appear to others. Bailey's the Jerry Springer of academia. No wonder the kids love him.
Since he "cures" Danny in his book, I guess it makes sense you're down with him, too. After all, you ask "Why not change minds instead of bodies?" Bailey's book is a perfect answer the very question that drives your life's work! Allowing kids like Danny (well, real kids, not made up ones) to express gender as they wish "could come at the cost of more transsexuals," as Bailey intones in his book. Better change those minds now with indoctrination and aversion therapy! The kids on the playground were pretty good with their own brand of aversion therapy when I was growing up, and now that has the imprimatur of science! I know people who were institutionalized as children for "gender nonconformity," so whenever psychologists start talking about "nonconformity" as a disease, a little chill runs up my back. Did you know during Charles Kirk Clarke's tenure, 50% of institutionalized people in Canada were foreign born immigrants, especially Bolsheviks, unionists, those kinds of "defectives"? Psychology as a tool of oppression is still alive and well, but they have gotten a bit more sophisticated in its use.
So, you and I can talk before Calpernia and I give our lecture if that would defuse things for you in some way. I am anticipating some hijinks while I'm there thanks in part to your efforts. The guy who runs the conservative student paper doesn't like me either, because I made him retract some libel he published about me last year, so he and his gun nut buddies might be out for the show, too. Should be a good time. I cut my activism teeth on clinic defenses in Chicago during the Operation Rescue heyday, so I'm ready for anything. You see, I have two feet in. I am ready to take a bullet if that's what it takes. That's the difference between you and me. If you aren't getting arrested or shot, you probably aren't doing enough in my book. There are different kinds of progress, too. I'm capable of being all mediagenic when it's called for (as you and I both were in the "Middle Sexes" documentary). Not all progress involves civil discourse and bringing people around to your way of thinking.
If you want to do an in-person thing, I'd prefer to meet with you next Monday or Tuesday, the 22nd or 23rd. I can come to your office downtown if you wish on those days. If you want to meet before our talk, you'll need to come up to Evanston. In any case, I hope we can have a chat sometime soon, after you have looked over the links I've included in this not quick note.
P.S.: To end on a light note, you might have missed what in my opinion is much better satire of his book:
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/bailey-divorce.html
The earlier one was written before I knew Bailey had abandoned his wife and children to "study" transgender prostitutes and date his former Northwestern students. It makes the same "two-type" point in a subtler way.
P.P.S. Time constraints keep me from proofing this note, since I wanted to get this to you before I leave. Sorry it's a bit long, but I don't have time to give this the kind of thorough editing I usually give emails.
Dreger sent this 25-word response about a half hour later:
Ms. James,
I scanned your response and realized that the folks who told me attempts at productive dialogue with you is [sic] pointless were right.
Ignoring her grammar, I respond:
And I am starting to wonder if the folks who sent me supportive notes since you embarrassed yourself with that rant were right about bothering to respond. I planned to ignore you until you contacted me directly. I still answer all emails.
Though hope fades, the door remains open for a dialogue. Sounds like you've chosen sides on this one already, though.
See you in Chicago.
I speak at Northwestern. Alice Dreger does not attend. Because of Dreger, the head of student affairs reads an opening statement echoing the faculty who told Dreger they support the students' right to gather information from many points of view. Northwestern assigns a security guard in case of problems.
As discussed in my first note, I stop by Dreger's office to speak with her in person, but she is not there. Another person in the program whom I knew from when I lived in Chicago was not there, either. I speak with her colleagues briefly (they were all having lunch at a big table) and I leave my business card for Dreger.
When I get home, I have an introductory email from intersex activist Curtis Hinkle of Organisation Internationale des Intersexués (OII) who tells me Alice Dreger's "lies, distortions and outright bigotry have damaged a lot of us." Hinkle added that he felt her work "is very damaging to intersex kids" (Hinkle 2006). I first learn about her efforts to crush opposition to her pet concept, "disorders of sex development" (DSD). Since I have criticized disease models of gender variance (James 2004), I start to see how similar she is to Bailey, especially in terms of the "parental rights" arm of the modern eugenics movement. I bristled at her maternalistic attitudes toward intersex critics and the ascendant place reproduction has in her life and worldview. I thank the activists and offer to link to their information, suggesting they call the piece "Mommy Knows Best." OII later uses the term and describes Dreger as "the self-appointed Mother of the intersex community in the United States" (Costich 2006). Echoing the "mommy" jab from my first response to her, I write Dreger:
Date: Sat, 27 May 2006 09:49:54 -0700
Subject: Mommy Knows Best
Sorry I missed you the other day. Your colleagues seem quite affable, and not as fearful as you.
DSD is going to be your merm and ferm. You have made a spectacular misstep with this disease model, though still not as inept as Bailey's. Can't wait till you and DSD are discredited by intersex activists (e.g., the world outside ISNA) and top-tier ethicists (e.g., not you) looking at the bigger picture. Your one-issue advocacy is selling out a larger movement for the sake of expediency. Bad move, mommy.
I'll do what I can to assist them in discrediting you, and we'll chat in person soon.
June 1:
Alice Dreger tries to get me fired from my speakers bureau:
From: "Alice Dreger, Ph.D." <alice@alicedreger.com>
To: <info @wolfman productions.com>; <scott @wolfman productions.com>
Sent: Thursday, June 01, 2006 7:25 AM
Subject: Andrea James
I wanted to let you know about this post, which explains why I recommend against inviting Andrea James to speak:
Her recent actions (i.e., responding to my criticisms with explicit threats to me/my work and implicit threats to my child) merely confirmed what I wrote originally in that post.
My speakers bureau writes:
I wanted to let you know we got this sent to us.
I know we did not book that date for you and I read her blog which seems awfully angry & misplaced.
However, I thought I would let you know. . .
Let me know if I can do anything or should know anything!
I explain:
This person is upset because I got the Chair of the Psychology Department at her school investigated for ethics violations and wrote some satire of his tendency to reduce human sexuality to pseudoscientific binaries. I offended her sensibilities as a rich entitled mommy in academe, apparently.
Alice is a very fearful person, as you can see from her blog. I have to put up with this nonsense from losers like this all the time. That wasn't even the most histrionic blog entry about me that week. Sorry you had to see the downside of being a political activist working to stop hackademics like this kook, and I look forward to our continued relationship!
Now that she's trying to affect my livelihood, I respond to Dreger with what I know will put her over the top:
From: Andrea James <andrea@andreajames.com>
Date: Thu, 01 Jun 2006 14:45:49 -0700
To: "Alice Dreger, Ph.D." <alice@alicedreger.com>
Subject: FW: Andrea James
You sure you want to play this way, Alice?
I know you can't see it, but you are really embarrassing yourself with this angry mommy routine. Your thin skin and general fearfulness are affecting your judgment. You are cracking me up with your ineffectual rage.
I have made no threats to you or your precious womb turd. I could care less about your kid and your sense of breeder entitlement. I am, however, going to do what I can to discredit your lame-ass DSD model. At least you got that part right. I'm sure in your mind that constitutes a threat. You exemplify so many things wrong with academia today.
Hope that clears things up.
PS: I pre-wrote an "In fear" blog update you can just copy and paste:
ANOTHER UPDATE! ANDREA CALLED MY WELL-BEHAVED SON A WOMB TURD AFTER I STARTED INSULTING AND HARASSING HER DURING MOTHER'S DAY WEEKEND!!!!!!! THIS IDIOTIC NEO-NAZI FRED PHELPS CLONE IS CLEARLY A MENACE TO SOCIETY!!!!!! AS A MOMMY, I NOW FEAR EVEN MORE FOR THE SAFETY OF MY FAMILY!!!!!!! DOES ANYONE HAVE THE NUMBER FOR HOMELAND SECURITY???? WON'T SOMEONE PLEASE THINK OF THE CHILDREN!?!?!?!?!?!?
That email was the match I handed Dreger which has led to her self-immolation. I believe that was the day Dreger decided to write her retaliatory hatchet job passing as sexology scholarship. In typical "gotcha" fashion favored by trolls, she spent the next year gathering any dirt she could, obsessed that I was out to "ruin" her.
She claims she contacted campus police, and since I was never detained by them or the Department of Homeland Security, I assume both law enforcement groups did what everyone else does.
They ignored her.
A friend in Chicago tells me Anjelica Kieltyka called her to find out what my birth name was. Around this time, Kieltyka contacts Dreger (Dreger 2007, p. 6).
Alice Dreger dutifully does exactly what I knew she would do and writes "A follow-up on my encounter with Andrea James" (Dreger 2006f). As I've noted, we've had no in-person "encounter," but that sounds way more melodramatic than "A follow-up on my email to Andrea James." Dreger's response is substantively similar to my proposed cut-and-paste above, including the selective quotation of "womb turd" but minus the CAPS LOCK. That my use of "womb turd" will be the first ever instance of that phrase published in an "academic" journal (Dreger 2007, p. 4) says volumes about the quality of Dreger's scholarship, her willingness to use her child for leverage in an argument (just as Bailey does), and the "scholarly" journal in which it appears.
June 12:
My speakers bureau gets a note from Dreger's pal Bailey, too. They write:
Just so you know we did get a few more emailed from that woman & today received one from Bailey himself.
They tell Bailey:
We represent close to 100 speakers, all with varying opinions, topics, and beliefs. We are not responsible for their work outside of the events that we produce for them.
Please do not contact us, or have anyone else contact us, regarding this matter.
Bailey's none too happy, so he of course responds.
I wonder if you would take this approach if you found out that one of your client speakers had written in favor of neo-Naziism. I hope not. In which case, your response is unsatisfactory in every respect.
My speaker's bureau ignores them both.
Alice Dreger starts looking for different ways to hurt me and decides to write a "history" of the Bailey fiasco, featuring me as the heavy.
She interviews or corresponds with Drew Bailey (June 20), J. Michael Bailey (July 6), Jim Marks (July 22), John Bancroft (July 22), Kim Wallen (July 26), journalist Robin Wilson (July 27), and Northwestern's Institutional Review Board (July 31).
August 1:
An anonymous troll publishes a record of my court order for name change online and starts emailing me and others, using my former name as their email address.
Dreger interviews C. Bradley Moore (August 1), Simon LeVay (August 2), Ray Blanchard (August 2), Eli Coleman (August 4), J. Michael Bailey again (August 8), Anne Lawrence (August 8), Deb Bailey (August 9), Stephen Mautner (August 11), journalist Bill Horne (August 15), and Anjelica Kieltyka again (August 16).
The same day as her first formal Kieltyka interview, Dreger calls Professor Lynn Conway at the unlisted number Kieltyka had. Knowing that Dreger is working on a pro-Bailey hatchet job, Conway tells Dreger to stop harassing her.
Alice Dreger corresponds with Joan Linsenmeier (August 17), Jamison Green (August 20) interviews J. Michael Bailey again (August 25), contacts Walter Bockting (August 30), staff at HBIGDA (September 12), and interviews Anjelica Kieltyka again (September 19).
September 20:
I take two minutes to add a link on one of my sites to "Alice Dreger: Disorders of Sex Development" (OII 2006), created by intersex activists around the world criticizing Dreger and her DSD pathology.
Dreger interviews Anjelica Kieltyka two more times (September 22 and September 27), as well as Kiira Triea (September 28).
October 1:
Dreger writes to her mailing list confirming she has resigned from the DSD Consortium and blaming me for her woes:
The thing I want you to know is that I pissed off trans activist Andrea James (see http://www.alicedreger.com/in_fear), and as a result she decided she would try to attack me via attacking the DSD terminology. (Dreger 2006g, see Appendix 2)
This letter contains early versions of the same attacks on me in Dreger's 2007 "history."
My readers tell me Dreger is sending out the mass mailing blaming me for the growing international concern about DSD. Here's a typical response from me:
Date: Tue, 03 Oct 2006 19:17:13 -0700
Subject: Re: Dreger on You, etc. blah, blah, blah
What a kook, huh? Dreger has been fixating on me since I spoke at Northwestern last spring— writing my agent and anyone else she can think of. The obsession is not reciprocal, though, so it's a little weird to see I have become her go-to folk demon. I don't think she sees how she comes across to others. She seems to think I have mind control over Milton Diamond and IS activists around the globe who object to being labeled sextards by Dreger & co.:
http://adc.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/91/7/554#2460
I think she's mad because she knows deep down that this was a huge mistake that will be a part of her legacy. If she keeps it up, I may actually even take a day or two and craft a response…
I can't resist sending one last note to Dreger:
Subject: Alice Dreger: Disorders of Sex Development
Hi Alice!
Saw your latest rant. I am really in your head, aren't I? Maybe Aron can manage your disorder with SSRIs.
When I expose quacks, kooks and criminals, it is merely by documenting and commenting on their own words and actions. It's very telling that you construe this as "intimidation." You'll definitely know if I ever bother to put a few days against writing a public response to your ongoing harassment and insults.
While it's oddly charming that you partly attribute the impending implosion of your career and legacy to me, your fixation on me is not reciprocal. Try to get me out of your head, sweetums. Drugs, therapy, hobbies, whatever it takes.
I am not the cause of your inevitable fall. You are.
I have no doubt Alice Dreger will continue to escalate what she started. She'll try to set the rules of engagement and play the victim when her rules aren't followed. She will spin lies of omission and distortion to bolster her arguments. She will use her child in this feud just as Bailey does. What Dreger doesn't seem to understand is that I don't care about her faux academic civility or credentialism. They are designed to give people like her the upper hand.
Looking beyond her ridiculous personal vendetta against me, I do hope I can assist those questioning Dreger's disease model of intersex, just as I question disease models of gender variance (James 2004). Discrediting bad ideas and bad scholars will lead to empowerment for those who should be speaking for themselves. She can't hurt me, but she can hurt a lot of intersex people in the long term.
In the meantime, I will periodically begin the work of discrediting both Dreger's "partial history" and her.
With luck, farsighted activists and academics will soon see through Dreger's petty, self-aggrandizing nonsense and pathologization and see both for what they are. That's when Alice Dreger will finally get her wish. She will be a part of history, as an unfortunate historical footnote.First published online 14 August 2007
Aronson J (2006). Beautiful Daughters. Logo.
http://www.logoonline.com/shows/dyn/beautiful_daughters/series.jhtml
Baechler M-N (2006). DSD – Silencing intersex voices – Switzerland Organisation Internationale des Intersexués.
http://www.intersexualite.org/AliceDreger.html#anchor_52
Bailey JM (2003). The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism. Joseph Henry Press.
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=0309084180
[online version removed in February 2006]
Carey B (2005). Straight, Gay or Lying? Bisexuality Revisited. New York Times, 5 July 2005.
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/05sex.html
Carey B (2007a). Alice Dreger paper/NY Times questions. Personal email correspondence to the author, 2 August.
Carey B (2007b). Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege, New York Times, 21 August 2007.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/health/psychology/21gender.html
Conway L (2003 ff.). An investigation into the publication of J. Michael Bailey's book on transsexualism by the National Academies. lynnconway.com
http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/LynnsReviewOfBaileysBook.html
Costich J, Hinkle C (2006). Talking About What Matters? A response to Alice Dreger.
http://www.intersexualite.org/AliceDreger.html
Diamond M (2006). Variations of Sex Development Instead of Disorders of Sex Development.
Replying to Hughes IA et al. Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2006; 91: 554-563
http://adc.bmj.com/cgi/content/extract/91/7/554?rss=1Dreger A (1994). What is the deal? bionet.women-in-bio, 24 May
The Hermaphrodite Monger ADREGER at UCS.INDIANA.EDU
http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/womenbio/1994-May/001107.html
See also Dreger A (1994). Unsubscribing. bionet.women-in-bio, 27 September
"From: ADREGER@UCS.INDIANA.EDU ('Alice Dreger, Hermaphrodite Monger')."
http://groups.google.com/group/bionet.women-in-bio/browse_frm/thread/79acf72940b72074/58c9a3fa4b6a7424
Dreger AD, Chase C, Sousa A, Gruppuso PA, Frader, J (2005). Changing the nomenclature/taxonomy for intersex: a scientific and clinical rationale. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism, 18. 729-733. Dreger's original proposal was "disorders of sex differentiation," later revised to "disorders of sex development."
Dreger A (2006a). What are Disorders of Sex Development? Quoted by April Herndon on ISNA.org blog, 14 March 2006.
See citation at Brömdal A (2006). Intersex – A challenge for human rights and citizenship rights (PDF), p. 109.
http://www.isna.org/node/1028
[now removed, copy preserved at Fact Sheet on DSD activism (with footnotes) at OII]
http://www.intersexualite.org/DSD_Activists.html#anchor_5
We realize, of course, that any terminology including the word "disorder" can be construed as pejorative. We'd also like to emphasize that we use the abbreviated form of DSD whenever possible. Explaining why this is important, Alice Dreger writes, "we find that, when accompanied by an explanation of what we mean, DSD isn't terribly stigmatizing. And an important point: the acronym DSD is very useful—and thus, the acronym should be favored over the spelled-out term— because as an abbreviation we don't focus on 'disorder'." We explain what we mean, and then use the term "DSDs." Thus, we recognize that this is not a perfect term, but we hope ISNA's supporters and allies will understand that it's helping us enact real change in medical care.
Dreger A (2006b). Talking about what matters.
http://www.alicedreger.com/dsd.html
Dreger A (2006c). Consortium on Disorders of Sex Development.
http://www.dsdguidelines.org/
http://www.dsdguidelines.org/files/parents.pdf
Dreger A (2006d). Get thee to a hospital. alicedreger.com 14 August 2006
http://www.alicedreger.com/get_thee.html
Dreger A (2006e). The blog I write in fear. alicedreger.com 13 May 2006
http://www.alicedreger.com/in_fear.html
Dreger A (2006f). A follow-up on my encounter with Andrea James. alicedreger.com 7 June 2006
Dreger A (2006g) DSD terminology. 1 October 2006. Full letter at Appendix 2.
Dreger A (2007, in press) The Controversy Surrounding The Man Who Would Be Queen: A Case History of the Politics of Science, Identity, and Sex in the Internet Age. Archives of Sexual Behavior.
http://www.bioethics.northwestern.edu/faculty/work/dreger/controversy_tmwwbq.pdf
Ensler E, Tennyson J (2005). Vagina Warriors. Bulfinch Press.
http://www.amazon.com/Vagina-Warriors-Eve-Ensler/dp/0821261835
FAIR: Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting (2005). New York Times Suggests Bisexuals Are "Lying:" Paper fails to disclose study author's controversial history. 8 July 2005.
http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2573
GLAAD: Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (2005). New York Times Promotes Bisexual Stereotypes in "Straight, Gay or Lying?"
http://www.glaad.org/action/write_now_detail.php?id=3827&PHPSESSID=0b9e8b63af283601f7dc071e1a4c4568
Guillot V (2006). We in France are deeply concerned about the DSD guidelines and the very terminology. Organisation Internationale des Intersexués.
Hinkle C (2006). Personal email correspondence to the author, 27 May 2006.
James A (1998). Personal email correspondence to Anne Lawrence. 9 November 1998. Full letter at Appendix 1.
James A (2003). The Anne Who Would Be Queen. tsroadmap.com
James A (2004). A defining moment in our history: Examining disease models of gender identity. Transgender Tapestry, Fall 2006, 110:pp. 18-23. Originally published September 2004.
Lamarre C (2006). Grosses bises solidaires! Organisation Internationale des Intersexués.
Laramée J-C (2006). The title of Dreger's blog entry says it all: Talking about What Matters. Organisation Internationale des Intersexués
Lawrence (1998). "Men trapped in men's bodies:" An Introduction to the Concept of Autogynephilia. annelawrence. com
http://home.swipnet.se/~w-13968/autogynephilia.html
[original now removed]
Nagant E (2006). We are not "disorders" ! Organisation Internationale des Intersexués
NGLTF: National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (2005). Task Force denounces New York Times story promoting bisexual stereotypes. 11 July 2005
http://thetaskforce.org/press/releases/pr848_071105
http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/NYTBisexualityFactSheet.pdf
O'Brien M (2006) Commentary. Organisation Internationale des Intersexués
OII: Organisation Internationale des Intersexués (2006). Alice Dreger: Disorders of Sex Development.
Roughgarden, J. (2003, April 25). Psychology lecture lacks sensitivity to sexual orientation. The Stanford Daily.
http://www.stanforddaily.com/2003/04/25/psychology-lecture-lacks-sensitivity-to-sexual-orientation/
Siedlberg S (2006). The Genuine Question. Organisation Internationale des Intersexués
Springer (2007) Archives of Sexual Behavior Editorial Board
http://tinyurl.com/2pskjo
State of Washington Department of Health (1997). Documentation in Anne A. Lawrence investigation, Case Number 97-05-0042MD.
http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/lawrence/anne-a-lawrence.pdf
Thomas A (2005). Middle Sexes: Redefining He and She. HBO.
http://www.hbo.com/docs/programs/middlesexes/index.html
Wilson R (2004, Dec. 10). Northwestern U. will not reveal results of investigation into sex researcher. The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. 10.
http://chronicle.com/weekly/v51/i16/16a01001.htm
Appendix 1: 1998 letter from me to Anne Lawrence
Since her first letter to me on May 16, 2006, Dreger has been keen to label me an "autogynophile" [sic]. Though I explained her misreading to her in my detailed response that day, she continues to distort a phrase from a 1998 letter in order to make that assertion.
Parts in purple were quoted by Dreger (Dreger 2007). Section in bold is where Dreger selectively quotes and paraphrases in order to avoid using my appositional term "autoandrophobia" as explained in my detailed response. See additional information below the text of the letter.
Note also that by ending the first quotation where she does, Dreger implies I'm saying the paper backs up my own experiences, rather than backs up my experiences reading letters from correspondents.
From: <jokestress@aol.com>
To: <alawrence@mindspring.com>
Sent: Monday, November 09, 1998 6:26 PM
Subject: Excellent paper!
Hi Anne–
I have a couple of more weeks to recover at home from my 10/28 labiaplasty and implant repositioning, and my 11/2 chin revision. It's given me some time to look at sites I haven't seen in a while, and to work on my own.
I just read your autogynephilia paper and found it to be excellent, as expected. I'm sure you've gotten quite an array of responses, since TSs are extremely reluctant to be categorized and defined by others. A definition is inherently inclusive or exclusive, and there's always going to be someone who doesn't feel they belong in or out of a definition.
I got body slammed by the usual suspects in 1996 for recommending a Blanchard book. Sure, he's pretty much the Antichrist to the surgery-on-demand folks, and I've heard some horror stories about the institute he runs that justify the nickname "Jurassic Clarke." However, I found many of his observations to be quite valid, even brilliant, especially in distinguishing early- and late- transitioning TS patterns of thought and behavior. I don't buy into all of Freud, either, but that certainly doesn't invalidate his many brilliant insights.
Now that I have received a lot of letters from TSs, I have found that your paper backs up my own experiences. One correspondent used a phrase I found most interesting. She had been lamenting her inability to pass in public and asked for advice. When I gave her a number of tips, she had excuses for why none would work. Normally, I write these people off as a waste of my time, but in this case I pressed her about what would really make her happy, and what she meant by passing.
Her response was "I want to be able to pass in the nude after surgery." I wrote, "Passing in the nude is great and everything– I certainly want that, too. But the opportunities for nudity in my life are extremely rare– about .1% of the time."
I pressed further and realized what she seemed to mean. She did not really care about passing in public as much as she did passing in private. She seemed to want to admire herself in the mirror as female. This was her definition of passing. To her, she could look past all the other unpassable parts and zero in on her notion of what true passing meant– having a vagina. She could stare at her vagina and the rest wouldn't matter. Classic anatomic autogynephilia, no?
She knew that her masculinity would be a barrier to standard intimate nude situations– say, a locker room or a sexual relationship. That wasn't what it was about to her. It was about admiring herself, the way crossdressers masturbate while looking at themselves in a mirror.
You might say she desired passing in the pubic sphere instead of the public one… 😉
Now, I'd like to throw out a thought for you to ponder. I am obsessed with my appearance, and I characterized it to you as similar to the way an anorexic sees herself as fat. I still am horrified and dismayed to see traces of masculinity when I look at images of myself.
Would this be "autoandrophobia," perhaps?
I have noticed in most TSs, and in "surgery addicts" especially, a certain sort of self-loathing, a drive to efface every shred of masculinity. While I readily admit to my own autogynephilia, I would contend that my own drives toward feminization seem to have a component pushing me from the opposite direction as well.
Now, if you think you've caught a lot of shit about autogynephilia, just imagine what would happen if I used "TS" and "self-loathing" in the same sentence! Nonetheless, I see my own transsexual feelings paralleled in the words of people with other body dysphorias. Obviously, I'd need to think this through pretty seriously before I'd say anything for all to read, but your paper helped me form a word for that part of my own drive toward feminization.
Finally, I have decided that my true contribution to the collected body of TG knowledge is to concentrate on the oft-neglected topic of consumer issues. To that end, I will be putting up what I believe will be the definitive resource on financing transition in a week or two. I'll let you know when it's ready.
Again, excellent thinking, and I look forward to reading more.
Below, I have reproduced one passage as Dreger altered it for her upcoming paper.
Dreger alters this with italics for emphasis. Dreger inserts this bracketed paraphrase
to avoid my term "autoandrophobia"
from just before the passage she uses.
Distorting decontextualized comments
is a favorite tactic of this self-styled
"hermaphrodite monger."
Dreger uses every trick in her book to distort and obfuscate, despite my lengthy explanation. This is part of the "gotcha" mentality of professional trolls like Dreger, a mindset which emerged from USENET and blogs and is now infecting academic discourse.
Appendix 2: 2006 letter from Alice Dreger to intersex activists
From: "Alice Dreger, Ph.D."
Subject: DSD terminology
Date: Sun, 1 Oct 2006 09:58:56 -0400
I hope your intersex rights work is going well as I write. As always, I personally appreciate what you're doing to help build a better world for intersex children and adults.
I see that Curtis Hinkle is up to his usual behavior, this time attacking me personally about the DSD terminology. I want you to know one thing, and then to make a suggestion.
The thing I want you to know is that I pissed off trans activist Andrea James (see http://www.alicedreger.com/in_fear), and as a result she decided she would try to attack me via attacking the DSD terminology. She told me this explicitly in an email on June 1, 2006. I quote: "I could care less about your kid and your sense of breeder entitlement. I am, however, going to do what I can to discredit your lame-ass DSD model. At least you got that part right."
I also quote here from her email of May 27, 2006: "DSD is going to be your merm and ferm. You have made a spectacular misstep with this disease model, though still not as inept as Bailey's. Can't wait till you and DSD are discredited by intersex activists (e.g., the world outside ISNA) and top-tier ethicists (e.g., not you) looking at the bigger picture. Your one-issue advocacy is selling out a larger movement for the sake of expediency. Bad move, mommy."
So besides sending me threats about my son, James has opted to team up with Curtis to achieve her aims. Hence her links to Curtis's work on her general-attack site.
I want you to know this because I think a lot of intersex people are in danger of having their progressive energies sucked up by an offshoot of James's attempts to irritate and discredit me, which are offshoots of her attempts to ruin other people.
That said, I do think it is definitely worth having productive discussions about the DSD terminology and when it is worth using, and I'm glad people are taking about it.
So my suggestion is this: When you're engaged in discussions about this, PLEASE do not waste time discussing what I think or what I have said or anything else about me. Focus on what matters — intersex people and their well-being. It doesn't matter what I think or say, except insofar as perhaps some people wish to know how I see the debate. What matters is how well people with intersex are.
So please try to keep the discussion focused on what really matters, and that way James won't be harming the intersex community the way she has so tragically harmed the transgender community. (You won't know about a lot of that harm, but I do, because since I spoke up, many trans people have written to me to tell me what she's done to them. They are much too afraid–for obvious reasons–to speak publicly about what she's done to them.)
As I talked about in my recent blog on the terminology (http://www.alicedreger.com/dsd), I would really like to see people try to direct their writing, speaking, and thinking energies towards engagement with those with real power. That is not Curtis Hinkle, or for that matter most other intersex activists, including me. That is the doctors and the parents who need our help understanding how to make things better and better. That's why I spend the vast majority of my energy doing that kind of engagement and I encourage you to do the same, even as people whack at you (or your friends and allies) and try to distract you from your real work that I know you do so incredibly well–peer-support work, human rights work, educational work, medical reform work.
Please feel free to share this email with whomever you wish. I also welcome those of you who have my DSD resignation letter to go ahead and leak the rest of it; there's nothing in there or any of the rest of my work that I'm not proud of. Indeed, I'll attach the letter here so you all have the whole of it.
It has been my great privilege and honor to be so well advised and supported and led by you and your colleagues.
International responses to Dreger's rumor-mongering (e.g. Siedlberg 2006, O'Brien 2006, Laramée 2006, Guillot 2006, Lamarre 2006, Nagant 2006, Baechler 2006) suggest that her attempt to blame me for this controversy is being ignored. Dreger's attempts to push her promotional materials and "consensus statements" about DSD are going to be challenged by farsighted activists who are finally speaking for themselves.
Todd Heywood (July 21, 2022). East Lansing Info installs election denier as interim executive director. Lansing City Pulse https://lansingcitypulse.com/stories/east-lansing-info-installs-election-denier-as-interim-executive-director,21777
ELi Board of Directors (July 21, 2022). Following Deliberations, ELi's Board Takes Action on Leadership Concern. East Lansing Info https://eastlansinginfo.news/following-deliberations-elis-board-takes-action-on-leadership-concern/
Berl Schwartz and Todd Heywood (July 22, 2022). East Lansing Info kicks election denier off board. Lansing City Pulse https://www.lansingcitypulse.com/stories/east-lansing-info-kicks-election-denier-off-board,21861
Media by Dreger
Exploitation of people with differences of sex development
Alice Dreger, Hermaphrodite Monger (September 27, 1994). unsubscribing. bionet.women-in-bio https://groups.google.com/g/bionet.women-in-bio/c/eaz3KUC3IHQ?pli=1
Little people exploitation
Dreger A (March 25, 2008). Lavish dwarf entertainment. The Hastings Center https://www.thehastingscenter.org/lavish-dwarf-entertainment/
At the time, I was writing a book about conjoined twins and had decided to open with amusing bar stories from people born with body types that mess with ideas of normal.
Conjoined twin exploitation
Dreger AD (May 26, 2011). Dr. Oz Can't Afford Me: Why I'm through hawking conjoined twins on daytime TV. Fetishes I Don't Get. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/fetishes-i-dont-get/201105/dr-oz-cant-afford-me
Alice Dreger (alicedreger.com) [archive]
Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)
Alice Dreger
Twitter (twitter.com)
@AliceDreger
@neighboralice
East Lansing Info (eastlansinginfo.news)
TED (ted.com)
Alice Dreger [archive]
Quillette (quillette.com)
LinkedIn (linkedin.com)
alice-dreger-337b9211b
Psychology Today (psychologytoday.com)
The Atlantic (theatlantic.com)
Intersex Society of North America (isna.org)
active 1998–2008
Fetal Dex (fetaldex.org) [archive]
Created to attack Dr. Maria New, active 2010-2022
Transgender Map, Proudly powered by WordPress.


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Religion, Migration and Emancipation
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Theodor Herzl's European Legacy
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In 1897, Theodor Herzl convened a Congress in Basel, during which he introduced his idea of a «Jewish State.» With our online exhibition, we show the development of his vision through objects, which include items in the Jewish Museum's permanent collection. In this exhibition, we show the development of Herzl's vision of a «Jewish State,» which originated in the late nineteenth century and developed into a political movement through numerous Zionist Congresses. Herzl was not alive to see the declaration of the State of Israel in 1948, but he nevertheless numbers among its spiritual founders, and even today his legacy remains: His countenance decorates banknotes and stamps; his name is inscribed in Israel's geography (Herzlia, Herzlberg). Our online exhibition draws on objects from the collection of the Jewish Museum of Switzerland to provide a glimpse into Herzl's life and works.
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Nissan to test electric NV200 London Taxi in 2013
By Alex Grant / 8 years ago / International News / No Comments
A taxi-converted diesel NV200 is already being shown in the capital, with 53.3mpg fuel efficiency offering significantly lower running costs than the 35.3mpg TX4 London Taxi. Expected to be priced below the TX4 when it goes on sale, predicted for later this year, it offers space for five adults, wheelchair access, and the front passenger seat has been removed to accommodate luggage.
An electric version will be reliant on increased recharging infrastructure around the Capital, and Nissan has begun discussions with stakeholders to encourage this to happen.
Andy Palmer, executive vice president of Nissan, said: 'Nissan is proud to be delivering a 21st century vision for one of London's most iconic vehicles. The "black cab" is as much a part of the London landscape as Big Ben and, whilst there will always be a place for that familiar silhouette, the Nissan NV200 London Taxi focuses as much attention on its interior as the exterior – a better experience for drivers and passengers.'
Taxi-converted NV200s have already been shown in Tokyo and New York City, with the latter naming the van as its Taxi of Tomorrow. A fleet of Nissan LEAFs was tested as private hire vehicles in New York City last year, and the manufacturer has expressed an interest in developing an e-NV200 taxi for the city.
The e-NV200 will go into production in the 2013 financial year, assembled at the carmaker's Barcelona plant alongside the diesel version. Nissan's global pre-launch trials have included working with FedEx Express, British Gas and the Japan Postal Service.
Alex Grant
Trained on Cardiff University's renowned Postgraduate Diploma in Motor Magazine Journalism, Alex is an award-winning motoring journalist with ten years' experience across B2B and consumer titles. A life-long car enthusiast with a fascination for new technology and future drivetrains, he joined Fleet World in April 2011, contributing across the magazine and website portfolio and editing the EV Fleet World Website.
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The Lovely Tulle Flat Shape Waist White Petticoat Skirt is the perfect complement for rock and roll style dress or wear under suits like a costume accessory, giving extra fullness and perfect shape. Also ideal for the dress of the bridesmaid and ballroom or dance clothes of big child.
Beautiful design and workmanship is better for you to dress as it has an elastic waistline.
Soft taffeta lining to avoid scratching the skin.
Made of a layer of organdi with many ruffles and a layer of rigid pleated net, which creates full volume.
It is comfortable for you to dress because its material is the tulle of good quality, it is smooth.
It's nice that you dress a skirt or an outer dress.
You could dress it up for evening, wedding, travel, meeting, or photography.


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Q: Symfony2 passing to constructor doctrine entity manager throwing error On each of my  controllers,   i need to  run  security enforcing  function from constructor. Problem is that i cannot  run doctrine entity manager in constructor to load user id from session,  and call findby function from on my user  entity.
Only way  i found  is to call  this security enforcing function on each of  my actions,  which is not optimal - code not clean, and alot of function calls.
I have searched and test many of  user solutions from  stackoverflow - many of them is copy  paste of others not working code.
My services.yml file:
services:
    app.default_controller:
        class: AppBundle\Controller\DefaultController
        arguments:
            - @doctrine.orm.entity_manager

My  DefaultController class (its sample controller):
<?php

namespace AppBundle\Controller;
use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager;
use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Route;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;

class DefaultController extends Controller
{
    protected $em;
    /**
     * @Route("/", name="homepage")
     */
    public function indexAction(Request $request)
    {
        // replace this example code with whatever you need
        return $this->render('default/index.html.twig', array(
            'base_dir' => realpath($this->getParameter('kernel.root_dir').'/..'),
        ));
    }

    public function __construct(EntityManager $em = null){
        $this->em=$em;

      $personRepository = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager()->getRepository('AppBundle\Entity\Person');
        //$em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    }
}

I always having doctrine errors whatever i not do with  constructor.
Often error example, when im trying to access website
PS. I'm using Symfony 2.8.2, this code examples are not from actual app

A: please allow me to suggest a different approach. You're better using symfony event system :)
You can set up listeners to be executed before and after any action of your controller.
Just tag the events you want to subscribe to and dispatch them o a service you create for security purposes.
Checkout symfony documentation regarding this How to Set Up Before and After Filters
Good luck! :)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


For Oxford Green Week, a family storytelling picnic at Bury Knowle Park, on Sunday 25th June from 1pm.
The dynamic African and Caribbean storytelling session has tales to tickle your taste buds for the whole family whether you're 5 or 85.
The children's section in the library, which backs onto this beautiful park will be open. There will be readings of some of the artists' favourite children's storybooks.
Produced in collaboration with Oxford City Council and Oxfordshire County Library Services.


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US Airways, American merger set for Dec. 9 after ruling
U.S. bankruptcy Judge Sean Lane on Wednesday approved American Airlines' and US Airways' antitrust settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice, clearing the legal path for the two airlines to complete their merger.
U.S. bankruptcy Judge Sean Lane on Wednesday approved American Airlines� and US Airways� antitrust settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice, clearing the legal path for the two airlines to complete their merger.
The carriers announced they will close their merger Dec. 9. The deal will create the largest airline in the world with more than $38 billion in annual revenues, over 6,500 daily flights to 336 destinations and more than 100,000 employees.
Lane rejected a request for a temporary restraining order from San Francisco attorney Joseph Alioto, who represents about 40 plaintiffs in a civil antitrust suit trying to stop the merger. Alioto had asked the court for the temporary restraining order while his case went to trial, arguing the merger was anti-competitive and would concentrate 80 percent of the U.S. air travel market amongst three airlines.
In denying the temporary restraining order, Lane said the plaintiffs �had failed to establish irreparable harm.� He added that if Alioto is successful in his antitrust case, he could get additional divestitures from the new airline after the merger closes. Therefore, a restraining order is not necessary, Lane said, while granting it would hurt American Airlines and its creditors, leading to a decrease in the stock price and a decline in shareholder value.
Fort Worth, Texas-based AMR Corp., American�s corporate parent, filed for bankruptcy almost two years ago on Nov. 29, 2011, declaring $24.7 billion in assets and $29.6 billion in debt. While in bankruptcy, the carrier trimmed its labor costs by 17 percent
The new company, American Airlines Group Inc., will be headquartered in Fort Worth and will trade on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker symbol AAL. The last day of trading for AMR shares and US Airways shares will be Dec. 6.
Shareholders of US Airways will receive 28 percent of the new company, while AMR creditors and shareholders will receive 72 percent. The AMR portion will be divided between creditors, labor unions and non-union workers and shareholders.
AMR shareholders will receive at least 3.5 percent of the new company, with the possibility for more depending on the trading value of the AAL stock in the first 120 days. The company�s shares have soared since August as the prospects of a payoff to shareholders rose.
�2013 Fort Worth Star-Telegram
Visit the Fort Worth Star-Telegram at www.star-telegram.com
ARCHIVE PHOTOS on MCT Direct (from MCT Photo Service, 202-383-6099): AMR-USAIRWAYS
ARCHIVE GRAPHIC on MCT Direct (from MCT Graphics, 202-383-6064): 20131114 AMR USAIRWAYS
Topics: t000141113,t000030739,t000002537,t000002707,t000030742,t000181653,t000156231,t000002717,t000182050,t000040342,t000023142,t000023124,t000023146,t000002458,t000027866,t000027911,t000027879,c000212326,c000213686


Sakura Exclusive patent , base on internal pump technology , combine with intelligent temperature system , create enhanced water volume make you feel SPA in your bathroom.
Normally Range hood only focus on one side suction , once cooking fumes spread out will be flying around in the kitchen , the cooking fumes make space has smelly.
In order to prevent cooking fumes spread out , Sakura using DC motor with Venturi principle developed 3D suction to fully cover of cooking fumes and quickly suction out the fumes.
One side double ring burner , Oblique flame design makeflame and pot touch area more wide , more energy saving and cooking more efficiency.


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C.W. SHAW INC.
MASTER FABRICATOR
Ball Range
At this exhibit, visitors are challenged to experiment with force and trajectory by aiming a nozzle and shooting balls at targets placed throughout a range 50 feet long. There will be two "shooting stations" at one end of the range, both of which will use air pressure to shoot the balls. Visitors would first place a ball in the loading port at one of the two shooting stations. Each nozzle will be adjustable in a left-right and up-down direction. Once the visitor has chosen a target and aimed the nozzle, they can launch the ball. One shooting station uses an air compressor operated by a button to activate the shooting force, ensuring that the activity is accessible to people with physical limitations. At the second shooting station, visitors will create the air pressure through a through a plunger. Depending on the force used, the air pressure is likewise adjustable at this station. Repeated experimentation will help visitors grasp the connection between force and trajectory in moving objects. The size of the Ball Range also encourages teamwork, with some visitors working the shooters and others serving as spotters to provide advice on adjustments.
<< Back to exhibits
| cshaw@cwshaw.org |
4400 60th ave n, Saint Petersburg, FL 33714


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Previous Symposia
International Criminal Justice
Theory of Criminal Law
Principal Scholarly Interests
Fellowships, Prizes and Scholarships
Occasional Practice
Blogs Elsewhere
Rohingya Amicus Briefs
Human Rights, International Criminal Justice, Moral Philosophy
Practical Reflections on Conceptual Foundations
December 18, 2017 Roger Duthie & David Tolbert
David Tolbert was appointed president of the International Center for Transitional Justice in March of 2010. Previously he served as registrar (assistant secretary-general) of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon and prior to that was assistant secretary-general and special expert to the United Nations secretary-general on United Nations Assistance to the Khmer Rouge Trials.
Roger Duthie is Director of Research at ICTJ, where he has managed research projects examining how transitional justice relates to education, forced displacement, and development. His publications include Justice Mosaics: How Context Shapes Transitional Justice in Fractured Societies (2017, co-edited with Paul Seils); Transitional Justice and Education: Learning Peace (2016, co-edited with Clara Ramirez-Barat); Transitional Justice and Displacement (2012); and Transitional Justice and Development (2009, co-edited with Pablo de Greiff); as well as articles published in the International Journal of Transitional Justice and the International Human Rights Law Review.
In The Conceptual Foundations of Transitional Justice, Colleen Murphy develops a theoretical framework for understanding the conditions, objectives, and processes of transitional justice. It is a very interesting and useful contribution to the literature on transitional justice. The author's approach is to initially take a step back from questions of transitional justice measures and processes (the focus of most practitioners) and pose more fundamental inquiries: Under what conditions do the need for transitional justice arise? What problem or issues is transitional justice addressing? How does it respond to that problem? In doing so, the book helps us to rethink how we—practitioners, interested parties, and scholars—can more coherently, effectively, and justly respond to past wrongdoing.
Murphy posits transitional justice as a singular or separate type of justice. She argues persuasively that transitional justice is not simply a refined version or combination of retributive, corrective, and distributive justice, but is a different kind of justice, which focuses on specific problems and offers normative guidance on how to respond to those problems. Central to Murphy's understanding is the transitional nature of the context in which societies address wrongdoing, which she finds as necessary for defining transitional justice. In her view, it is not the achievement of transition that is needed, but rather the aspiration to end conflict and replace repression with democracy; at the same time, however, it is also Murphy's view that not all cases commonly labeled "transitional justice" should in fact be included in the category. While positing democracy as the end goal of transitional justice is widely shared by victims and practitioners alike, this is often a long-term goal. Moreover, the content and understanding of democracy varies widely.
The book identifies four conditions or circumstances that are necessary to give rise to the specific problem that transitional justice is to address. The first condition is pervasive structural inequality, which refers to the illegitimacy of the institutional rules and norms shaping interaction among citizens and between citizens and officials. The second is normalized collective and political wrongdoing, in which violations of human rights have become basic facts of life through different forms such as centralized repression or symmetrical or unstructured violence. The third and fourth conditions are serious existential uncertainty, referring to the very unclear trajectory of a political society, and fundamental uncertainty about authority, or the standing of a political regime to rule and enforce rules.
There are two particularly important points about these conditions for the book's argument. First, the different conditions affect each other: pervasive structural inequality, in particular, is empirically correlated and mutually reinforcing with normalized wrongdoing, and it is also necessary for existential uncertainty. "Particular incidents of violence are part of a broader pattern of interaction designed to entrench and reinforce pervasive structural inequality," Murphy writes. "Such wrongdoing needs to be seen against the background of pervasive structural inequality, and as intended to reinforce and be justified by that inequality" (page 103). As she put is, "background injustice is the subject of transitional justice" (page 95). This means that it is not reform of institutions and norms that is needed, but transformation. Second, the uncertainty about the nature and direction of a political order highlights the importance of identifying how different factors may affect outcomes: how does one determine how to bring about the transformation that is needed?
For Murphy, then, the core moral question for transitional justice is how to justly pursue societal transformation. How does a society transform the structure of political relationships so that it is based on respect for agency and reciprocity? As she notes, in this context transitional justice can be linked to reconciliation, or more aptly improving damaged relationships, a subject on which she has written a separate book. In this book, Murphy argues that such a transformation depends on establishing respect for rule of law, a certain extent of relational capabilities, and reasonable political trust, and that transitional justice can contribute to this transformation in direct and indirect ways—for example, by acknowledging the need for change and giving people hope that such change can in fact come about.
The book also contends that specific transitional justice processes should constitute fitting and appropriate responses to victims and perpetrators of past wrongdoing. The processes should, in other words, respect the core moral claims associated with being a victim or a perpetrator of wrongdoing. This, she suggests, can be assessed by taking into consideration the moral aims of the response, including repudiation, accountability, acknowledgment, recognition, reparation, and non-recurrence; the relationship between the responder and the subject of the response; the nature of the wrongdoing, in that it should deal with actual harms and respect due process; and the cultural norms and consequences of the action. Furthermore, responses to wrongdoing should be holistic, in that they should be multiple and coordinated, because, among other reasons, no single response can achieve the relevant moral aims, while the expressive meaning of each response is shaped by other responses.
The short case studies in the final chapter focus on the Ugandan amnesty commission and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. If the point of these examples is to show the inherent limitations of single responses, however, these seem unusual choices, as an amnesty body and an international tribunal bring with them a whole set of issues that most national-level transitional justice processes do not necessarily have to deal with. Furthermore, while not disagreeing with Murphy's assessment of the flaws of these processes, it is important to note that some flaws are inherent limitations of the type of response, and some flaws are correctable or avoidable process issues. Moreover, given the limitations of each specific process, they will only address certain issues; thus, the question may be one of overall design or political will rather than the mechanisms themselves, which are established for particular purposes. As she points out, no program of reparations in Uganda could have dealt with the layered harms and social consequences experienced by victims, for example, but courts can take steps to be less removed from local populations.
Interestingly, the book explicitly does not examine in detail specific responses to wrongdoing, or the contribution that such responses may make to societal transformation or the moral claims of victims and perpetrators. As the author explains in her conclusion that this is because she believes our understanding of the moral functions, impact, and expressive meaning of such responses is limited, and that more research is needed before such a discussion should be had. Furthermore, with this book Murphy writes that she wants to encourage societies to expand the range of responses to wrongdoing that they consider, and discussing specific existing responses—which, it is true, tend to cluster around criminal prosecutions, truth telling, reparations, and certain kinds of institutional reform—may reinforce what exists now as the full range of options. She points to areas such as art, theater, and television, debt forgiveness and land redistribution, and education as potentially important responses to wrongdoing that may fall outside the current set of measures generally considered transitional justice.
In this, she echoes a 2015 report of Pablo de Greiff, UN Special Rapporteur on truth, justice, reparation, and guarantees of non-recurrence, emphasizing the relevance of non-institutional responses in the realm of the cultural and the individual in preventing the recurrence of violations.[1] Also relevant is the notion of "transformative justice," which some argue would target the structural causes of human rights violations more directly than transitional justice. Murphy does not address this notion explicitly, but she is similarly arguing for an expanded response to broad injustice, although it seems within the concept of transitional justice rather than within a new notion. Either way, the argument raises significant questions about the distinction and relationship between responses to human rights violations and processes such as development and peacebuilding. As the book notes, ICTJ has conducted research on education as an important part of the way in which societies respond to wrongdoing, although without necessarily explicitly categorizing educational initiatives as transitional justice.
The book also makes an interesting argument regarding the requirements for transitional justice to be considered just. Drawing on the structure of just war theory, which requires that armed conflict satisfy both requirements of jus ad bellum and jus in bello, Murphy argues that in order to be morally defensible, responses to past wrongdoing must satisfy two requirements: a morally permissible objective, in that they must contribute to societal transformation; and a morally permissible manner, in that they must be fitting and appropriate, as discussed above. She acknowledges that the just nature of different responses is scalar—that is, they can be assessed as being more or less just.
Murphy's argument that pervasive structural inequality is so integrally connected to normalized wrongdoing is persuasive that transforming political relationships should be an equally integral element of transitional justice. However, the claim that responses to wrongdoing necessarily fail to be just if they do not contribute to societal transformation seems debatable and run counter to some of Murphy's own argumentation. As she acknowledges, to see transitional justice as only instrumental is problematic: claims for transitional justice "have an independent, non-instrumental moral importance. To regard wrongdoing as valuable only instrumentally is insulting to victims and insufficiently respectful of the agency of perpetrators" (page 114). If responses to wrongdoing that respect the moral claims of victims and perpetrators have an independent moral importance and therefore should not be seen as having only instrumental value, why then must they also be instrumental in order to be just? One can argue that responses that are not instrumental to societal transformation may not qualify as transitional justice, according to Murphy's conceptualization of the notion, but they can still be morally defensible and just, can they not?
The book also makes a compelling case that democratization is a necessary part of the societal transformation to which transitional justice can contribute. This will be contested by others, but it seems reasonable to argue that democracy is necessary for the establishment of political relationships among equals based on the values of reciprocal agency, which is necessary in turn for the protection of fundamental human rights and the prevention of the recurrence of normalized wrongdoing. One can ask, however, that if democracy is necessary to societal transformation, then why is peace not? Is peace not necessary for the protection of fundamental rights? Murphy does discuss transitions out of conflict, and specifically notes that the cessation of violence can contribute to giving hope to people that change is possible. But she does not explicitly make the case that the prevention of the recurrence of armed conflict should be considered a necessary part of societal transformation from a justice perspective.
While the book does focus on conceptual and, in some sense, scholarly issues, it also will be useful to practitioners. Many of the issues that have been surfaced by Murphy are ones that we, as practitioners, face on the ground. For example, issues of marginalization and of economic exclusion and of the goal of democratization are important elements in our work. In some cases, they are not thought through as thoroughly as we would like. This book helps provide a framework for those kinds of discussions, which helps practitioners find practical solutions.
[1] UN General Assembly, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, Pablo de Greiff, UN Doc. A/HRC/30/42, September 7, 2015.
Previous PostNew Symposium: The Conceptual Foundations of Transitional JusticeNext PostDefining the Field and its Moral Challenge
Mr. Bemba's Acquittal – A Shortcut to Justice? by Thomas Weigend


This lovely canvas was made by Linda P from the Tuesday group. She has a background in graphic design. She draws a range of these quirky figures with such amazing attention to detail and colour.
STOP PRESS .....STOP PRESS.....STOP PRESS!
Our annual Cubby Hole Exhibition is set for preview on Friday 12th July. The theme for this year is "Masquerade" and that's all the detail for now. There can be no excuse for not having pieces of work done as it is 6-months away!!!!


I want to have patience…but am I willing to walk through situations that require me to learn to become patient?
I want to be wise…but am I willing to go through all different types of experiences, good and bad, to develop that wisdom?
I want to care about and focus my time on the things that truly matter…but am I willing to be disciplined and remove any unnecessary distractions in my life today?
I want the best for myself and my loved ones…but am I willing do what it takes to pursue what is best and avoid what isn't?
I want to have a strong faith and trust in the Lord…but am I willing to go through trials that require me to rely on my faith and learn how to trust him more?
I want to make the most of my life…but am I willing to live in the moment and see every day as a gift and opportunity for good?
I want to be the best version of myself that I can be…but am I willing to do the hard work of growth and reflection and self-evaluation and healing that it takes?
I want to be married again…but am I willing to learn from my past mistakes and grow in the areas that I need to grow in so I can be the best husband I can be?
I want to be in a position financially where I'm not always just squeaking by week by week…but am I willing to cut back where I can afford to and make wise choices with the money God has entrusted me with?
I want to be known as a man who loved well, lived well, and made a difference in this life…but am I willing to love those who are hard to love, am I willing to live a life that pursues and adheres to truth with conviction and discipline, and am I willing to make the sacrifices that are necessary for making a difference?
I want to be faithful…but am I willing to go through times that will test my desire to remain faithful and stay strong through those times?
There's a lot that I want.
Question is, what am I willing to do? What am I willing to walk through, endure, figure out, and work on?
What do you want in your life? What do you want to be known for? What qualities do you want to possess? What goals do you want to reach for?
What are you willing to do in order to attain it? What are you willing to walk through, endure, figure out, and work on?


The Upper East is most noted for it's beautiful historic homes, museums, the Santa Barbara Mission and it's gorgeous parks. The Upper East is located east of State St., above Valerio St. and goes up to Mission Creek. It includes Alameda Park and Alice Keck Park. Historical Landmarks abound and some are included in the El Pueblo Historic Landmark District and Structures of Merit. Alameda Park, The Santa Barbara Mission, Saint Anthony's Seminary, Saint Mary's Retreat House, Museum of Natural History and the Mission Park and other properties in this area are all apart of the El Pueblo Viejo Historic Landmark District.
Residents of the Upper East have retained the historical and architectural integrity of many of the large Victorian homes. A drive through the neighborhoods will give you an opportunity to see some of the gorgeous homes restored: The Peirce House, at 131 E. Arrellaga Street is a perfect example of the detail and elegance of this style of home or the Stork House at 31 E. Pedregosa Street is another beauty of the era. A stroll through most of these streets is a delightful walk back in time.
"Since we live in the Bay Area, we placed our complete trust in dealing with all aspects of purchasing a house with Marguerite. She did not let us down. We could not have purchased our home without her professional and caring attitude."-J.C.


When the surgery is closed, if you have an urgent medical problem that cannot wait until we re-open you will need to call the NHS 111 service by dialling 111. This is a twenty-four hour advice line where trained call advisers, supported by nurses, will assess patient's symptoms and put them directly in touch with the appropriate professional (e.g. the Out of Hours Service). NHS 111 can also send an ambulance if required.
(During Surgery opening hours a patient calling 111 may be advised to contact their practice, a district nurse, an emergency dentist, or a chemist etc, or if necessary NHS 111 can also send an ambulance).


Warm up a chilly day with this five-star soup! In this video, you'll see how to make an easy potato and ham soup. This 5-star recipe has been saved to more than 225,000 recipe boxes! See what all the raves are about! Watch the video, then get ELLIE11's top-rated recipe for Delicious Ham and Potato Soup.
All boullian is salty. I looked for the vegeta in line and they have it. I also found a recipe to make your own. 8.8oz of dehydrated carrot,3TBLSP of tumeric,2TBLSP of garlic powder, and 5TBLSP of iodized sea salt. Pulse in ginder. I highly recommend using the sea salt as store brands of alleged iodized salt are no longer what they used to be. And the addition of Tumeric is a powerhouse of healthy ingredient.
I just made this. Instead of ham, i had some home made prosuitto that someone had given me, and vegeta instead of the chicken bouillon. I knew the prosuitto would be salty and the vegeta. so i did not ad d any more salt, plus i limited how much prosuitto i added. It turned out great! simple recipe for comfort food.
A savory kale, white bean, and potato soup, seasoned with fresh herbs, and one spicy red chile, is delicious and wholesome.
I made up this recipe one chilly weeknight to stave off a cold. I was surprised at how delicious the soup was! The file powder makes it nice and thick, but it may be left out. A warm loaf of sourdough bread is all you need to complete your meal!
Silken tofu is used, in place of milk, to give this warm and comforting soup an extra rich texture.


Two months ago I was down in Monrovia, alongside Coach Jeff, in the CrossFit Level 2 Certificate Course. This course was amazing and focused primarily on Coaching and how to become a better, more successful Coach. The course is built to focus on working on your weaknesses in real time. We got to lead small groups in breakout sessions and coach them through movements of our choices using different coaching styles and ensuring we are utilizing the necessary cues needed in a crossfit class. The weekend was such a great experience and it kept me wanting to know more. It was so cool to be coached by such Elite athletes and be given such amazing feedback. This past weekend rejuvenated my love for CF and coaching.


Welcome to the largest event for the education and training sector !
A visit to WORLDDIDAC INDIA 2011 is a must for all in this sector. Update your global overview of education, training trends and products and Network across the continents with educators and those from the educational supplies & training industry.
* View the latest products and solutions in the global education and training arena.
* Participate in high powered conferences, workshops and sessions.
* Interact with ministry officials, policy makers, leading educationists and corporates etc.
* Learn and share best practices from across the globe.
* Best platform to upgrade to a global classroom.


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Yankees, Mariano Rivera near agreement
The Yankees are close to officially keeping Mariano Rivera in pinstripes for the 2013 season.
By Craig Powers@TheCraigPowers Nov 29, 2012, 6:36pm EST
Share All sharing options for: Yankees, Mariano Rivera near agreement
The New York Yankees and closer Mariano Rivera are close to an agreement, and should have one finished by Friday, according to ESPN NewYork. The site also reports that the one-year deal is expected to fall between $11 and $12 million plus incentives.
There is still concern over Rivera's health, as he missed nearly all of 2012 with a torn ACL suffered while shagging fly balls. At the time, some thought Rivera's career over.
Rivera has spent his entire professional baseball career in the Yankees organization. He first signed with the team in 1990, and debuted with the major league club in 1995. Since then, he has been the game's premier closer and a key member of five World Series Championship squads. He holds the MLB record for saves at 608, and didn't appear to be slowing down until his injury last April. In 2011, he tallied 44 saves with a 1.91 ERA.


Beth Anne is the founder and CEO of STORM Real World Health, an early-stage software company aiming to create profound and lasting positive changes in healthcare by intelligently aggregating health data from a sizeable, diverse patient population. STORM's goal is to empower the medical research community, physicians, and patients with actionable insights needed to accelerate precision medicine across healthcare.
Beth Anne worked closely with Congress on personalized medicine and pediatric medical research initiatives. In addition to generating funding for cancers of children, adolescents and young adults in the Department of Defense, She was instrumental in establishing a $126M NIH genomics initiative to understand the link between childhood cancers and structural birth defects. Beth Anne received her Ph.D. from The Scripps Research Institute and her MBA from UCSD Rady School of Management.