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Earth & Planetary Science
Understanding Earth, other planets, and their place in the cosmos
New NSF Grant Awarded to Study Earth's "Flat Slabs"
New mineral classification system captures Earth's complex past
Two New Venture Grants Awarded
When it comes to planetary habitability, it's what's inside that counts
Earth & Planetary Science Stories
A $2.7 million multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional NSF-Frontiers of Earth Science grant has been awarded to a team led by Carnegie's Lara Wagner to study an active flat slab in Colombia. A...
Washington, DC—The first minerals to form in the universe were nanocrystalline diamonds, which condensed from gases ejected when the first generation of stars exploded. Diamonds that...
The Office of the President has selected two new Carnegie Venture Grants. Peter Driscoll of the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism and Sally June Tracy of the Geophysical Laboratory were awarded a...
Washington, DC—Which of Earth's features were essential for the origin and sustenance of life? And how do scientists identify those features on other worlds? A team of Carnegie ...
Diamonds reveal how continents are stabilized, key to Earth's habitability
Washington, DC— The longevity of Earth's continents in the face of destructive tectonic activity is an essential geologic backdrop for the emergence of life on our planet. This stability...
Cometary surprise found inside meteorite
Washington, DC—An ancient sliver of the building blocks from which comets formed was discovered encased inside a meteorite like an insect in amber by a Carnegie-led research team. The finding,...
TESS finds its first Earth-sized planet
Pasadena, CA—A nearby system hosts the first Earth-sized planet discovered by NASA's Transiting Exoplanets Survey Satellite, as well as a warm sub-Neptune-sized world, according to a new...
Carnegie's Andrew Steele part of $9 million NASA astrobiology grant-winning team
Washington, DC—Carnegie's Andrew Steele is a member of the Earth First Origins project, led by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Karyn Rogers, which has been awarded a $9 million...
Working Group on Extrasolar Planets (WGESP)
The WGESP was charged with acting as a focal point for research on extrasolar planets and organizing IAU activities in the field, including reviewing techniques and maintaining a list of identified planets. The WGESP developed a Working List of extrasolar planet candidates, subject to revision. In...
The Anglo-Australian Planet Search
The Anglo-Australian Planet Search (AAPS) is a long-term program being carried out on the 3.9-meter Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) to search for giant planets around more than 240 nearby Sun-like stars. The team, including Carnegie scientists, uses the "Doppler wobble" technique...
Carnegie was once part of the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI). The Carnegie Team focused on life's chemical and physical evolution, from the interstellar medium, through planetary systems, to the emergence and detection of life by studying extrasolar planets, Solar...
Alycia Weinberger
Alycia Weinberger wants to understand how planets form, so she observes young stars in our galaxy and their disks, from which planets are born. She also looks for and studies planetary systems. Studying disks surrounding nearby stars help us determine the necessary conditions for planet formation....
Diana Roman
Volcanologist Diana Roman is interested in the mechanics of how magma moves through the Earth's crust, and in the structure, evolution, and dynamics of volcanic conduit systems. Her ultimate goal is to understand the likelihood and timing of volcanic eruptions. Most of Roman's research...
While the planets in our Solar System are astonishingly diverse, all of them move around the Sun in approximately the same orbital plane, in the same direction, and primarily in circular orbits. Over the past 25 years Butler's work has focused on improving the measurement precision of stellar...
Earth is the only tectonically active, rocky planet that we know, so understanding the geology of how our continents formed is a crucial part of discerning what makes Earth habitable. New research...
Yingwei Fei and Peter Driscoll Awarded 7th Carnegie Science Venture Grant
Yingwei Fei, a high-pressure experimentalist at the Geophysical Laboratory, and Peter Driscoll, theoretical geophysicist in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, have been awarded a Carnegie...
New Mercury Surface Composition Maps Illuminate the Planet's History
Washington, D.C.-Two new papers from members of the MESSENGER Science Team provide global-scale maps of Mercury's surface chemistry that reveal previously unrecognized geochemical terranes — large...
Earth's mineralogy unique in the cosmos
Washington, DC—New research from a team led by Carnegie's Robert Hazen predicts that Earth has more than 1,500 undiscovered minerals and that the exact mineral diversity of our planet is unique and...
Erik Hauri Elected Fellow of the Geochemical Society and European Association of Geochemistry
Erik Hauri, who studies how planetary processes affect the chemistry of the Earth, Moon and other objects, was made a fellow of both the Geochemical Society and European Association of Geochemistry.
New super-Earth detected within the habitable zone of a nearby cool star
Washington, D.C.— An international team of scientists led by Carnegie's Guillem Anglada-Escudé and Paul Butler has discovered a potentially habitable super-Earth orbiting a nearby star. The star is a...
A $2.7 million multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional NSF-Frontiers of Earth Science grant has been awarded to a team led by Carnegie's Lara Wagner to study an active flat slab in Colombia. A flat slab is produced when a tectonic plate descends to depths of about 30 to 60 miles (~50-100 km) then flattens and travels horizontally for hundreds of miles before descending farther into Earth's mantle. Flat slabs are unlike standard subduction, in which a tectonic plate descends more steeply beneath another plate directly into the Earth.
Because flat slabs travel horizontally directly beneath the overriding continents for hundreds of miles, they have more extensive
Washington, DC—The first minerals to form in the universe were nanocrystalline diamonds, which condensed from gases ejected when the first generation of stars exploded. Diamonds that crystallize under the extreme pressure and temperature conditions deep inside of Earth are more typically encountered by humanity. What opportunities for knowledge are lost when mineralogists categorize both the cosmic travelers and the denizens of deep Earth as being simply "diamond"?
Could a new classification system that accounts for minerals' distinct journeys help us better understand mineralogy as a process of universal and planetary evolution?
The current system
The Office of the President has selected two new Carnegie Venture Grants. Peter Driscoll of the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism and Sally June Tracy of the Geophysical Laboratory were awarded a venture grant for their proposal Carbon-rich Super-Earths: Constraining Internal Structure from Dynamic Compression Experiments. Plant Biology's Sue Rhee and Global Ecology's Joe Berry and Jen Johnson were awarded a Venture Grant for their project Thermo-adaptation of Photosynthesis in Extremophilic Desert Plants.
Carnegie Science Venture Grants ignore conventional boundaries and bring together cross-disciplinary researchers with fresh eyes to explore different questions.
Washington, DC—Which of Earth's features were essential for the origin and sustenance of life? And how do scientists identify those features on other worlds?
A team of Carnegie investigators with array of expertise ranging from geochemistry to planetary science to astronomy published this week in Science an essay urging the research community to recognize the vital importance of a planet's interior dynamics in creating an environment that's hospitable for life.
With our existing capabilities, observing an exoplanet's atmospheric composition will be the first way to search for signatures of life elsewhere. However, Carnegie's
Intracontinental Deformation And Surface Uplift In Mongolia
Marilyn Fogel Endowed Fund for Internships
The Deep Carbon Observatory
High-elevation, low relief surfaces are common on continents. These intercontinental plateaus influence river networks, climate, and the migration of plants and animals. How these plateaus form is not clear. Researchers are studying the geodynamic processes responsible for surface uplift in the Hangay in central Mongolia to better understand the origin of high topography in continental interiors.
This work focuses on characterizing the physical properties and structure of the lithosphere and sublithospheric mantle, and the timing, rate, and pattern of surface uplift in the Hangay. They are carrying out studies in geomorphology, geochronology, thermochronology, paleoaltimetry,
Andrew Steele joins the Rosetta team as a co-investigator working on the COSAC instrument aboard the Philae lander (Fred Goesmann Max Planck Institute - PI). On 12 November 2014 the Philae system will be deployed to land on the comet and begin operations. Before this, several analyses of the comet environment are scheduled from an approximate orbit of 10 km from the comet. The COSAC instrument is a Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer that will measure the abundance of volatile gases and organic carbon compounds in the coma and solid samples of the comet.
Established in June of 2016 with a generous gift of $50,000 from Marilyn Fogel and Christopher Swarth, the Marilyn Fogel Endowed Fund for Internships will provide support for "very young budding scientists" who wish to "spend a summer getting their feet wet in research for the very first time." The income from this endowed fund will enable high school students and undergraduates to conduct mentored internships at Carnegie's Geophysical Laboratory and Department of Terrestrial Magnetism in Washington, DC starting in the summer of 2017.
Marilyn Fogel's thirty-three year career at Carnegie's Geophysical Laboratory (1977-2013), followed
Carbon plays an unparalleled role in our lives: as the element of life, as the basis of most of society's energy, as the backbone of most new materials, and as the central focus in efforts to understand Earth's variable and uncertain climate. Yet in spite of carbon's importance, scientists remain largely ignorant of the physical, chemical, and biological behavior of many of Earth's carbon-bearing systems. The Deep Carbon Observatory (DCO) is a global research program to transform our understanding of carbon in Earth. At its heart, DCO is a community of scientists, from biologists to physicists, geoscientists to chemists, and many others whose work crosses these
Yingwei Fei
Bjørn Mysen
George Cody
Peter Driscoll
Scientists simulate the high pressures and temperatures of planetary interiors to measure their physical properties. Yingwei Fei studies the composition and structure of planetary interiors with high-pressure instrumentation including the multianvil apparatus, the piston cylinder, and the diamond anvil cell.
The Earth was formed through energetic and dynamic processes. Giant impacts, radioactive elements, and gravitational energy heated the planet in its early stage, melting materials and paving the way for the silicate mantle and metallic core to separate. As the planet cooled and solidified geochemical and geophysical "fingerprints" resulted from
Roiling cauldrons of liquid-laden material flow within Earth's rocky interior. Understanding how this matter moves and changes is essential to deciphering Earth's formation and evolution as well as the processes that create seismic activity, such as earthquakes and volcanoes. Bjørn Mysen probes this hidden environment in the laboratory and, based on his results, models can help explain what goes on in this remote realm.
Mysen investigates changes in the atomic properties of molten silicates at high pressures and temperatures that pervade the interior Earth. Silicates comprise most of the Earth's crust and mantle. He uses devices, such as the diamond anvil
What sets George Cody apart from other geochemists is his pioneering use of sophisticated techniques such as enormous facilities for synchrotron radiation, and sample analysis with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to characterize hydrocarbons. Today, Cody applies these techniques to analyzing the organic processes that alter sediments as they mature into rock inside the Earth and the molecular structure of extraterrestrial organics.
Wondering about where we came from has occupied the human imagination since the dawn of consciousness. Using samples from comets and meteorites, George Cody tracks the element carbon as it moves from the interstellar medium, through
Peter Driscoll studies the evolution of Earth's core and magnetic field including magnetic pole reversal. Over the last 20 million or so years, the north and south magnetic poles on Earth have reversed about every 200,000, to 300,000 years and is now long overdue. He also investigates the Earth's inner core structure; core-mantle coupling; tectonic-volatile cycling; orbital migration—how Earth's orbit moves—and tidal dissipation—the dissipation of tidal forces between two closely orbiting bodies. He is also interested in planetary interiors, dynamos, upper planetary atmospheres and exoplanets—planets orbiting other stars. He uses large-


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Drawing cube from rectangle in C# I have the co-ordinates of a rectangle. How can I draw a cube with this in C#?
graphics.drawRectangle(Pens.Black, x, y, width, height);

Rectangle has four co-ordinates but a cube has 8 co-ordinates. How can I locate the other four points of the rectangle to make it look like a cube.
When drawing a cube by hand from a rectangle, we need three-dimensions length X width X height. We will use an angle of 60 to 70 degree (approx) from X axis to draw z-axis and it will look like 3D. Similarly, we can draw length dimension for the rectangle and locate the point (x',y') for second rectangle. We will use the same height and width for the second rectangle and joining the two rectangles will give the cube.
I'm trying to do this in C#. To do this I need a co-ordinate of the second rectangle which is at an arbitrary distance (say 50) at an angle of 70 degree (approx) from (x, y) of first rectangle

A: There are many ways to draw a cube but a rectangle will always be a rectangle. You cannot add points to it (it would not be a rectangle anymore).
Have a look at this article
It shows you one way to draw a cube.
If you are willing to have a less sophisticated way you might transform (skew) 2 or 3 rectangles and turn them into a projection of a cube.

A: Here's a cheap hack for a filled cube (not wireframe), you can modify the way the 'i' part works to change the "perspective"
//draw the sides of the cube black
for (int i=-10;x<0;i++)
     graphics.drawRectangle(Pens.Black, x+i, y+i, width, height);
//draw the front of the cube red
graphics.fillRectangle(Brushes.Red, x, y, width, height);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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José Batres Montúfar, (San Salvador, El Salvador, 18 de marzo de 1809 - Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala, 9 de julio de 1844), escritor, político, ingeniero y militar que nació en la ciudad de San Salvador; hijo de José Mariano Batres y Asturias y de Mercedes Montúfar y Coronado. Provenía de la vieja alcurnia de familias coloniales. Se le ha llamado el mejor poeta guatemalteco del siglo , por su obra intelectual sin parangón en las letras de ese tiempo en Guatemala, sólo comparable a lo que consiguió en la prosa el novelista José Milla y Vidaurre, promotor de la difusión de las composiciones de Batres Montúfar, prontamente olvidadas incluso en las décadas siguientes a su deceso. Entre muchos de los escritores que lo mencionaron, como Menéndez y Pelayo y José Martí, el célebre erudito de la literatura hispanoamericana Pedro Henríquez Ureña diría de él: «El mejor de los poetas dotados del don del humor».

Pepe Batres -como familiarmente se le llamara-, recibió una educación esmerada; su padre le dio las primeras lecciones literarias y le enseñó la música, la lengua francesa y los principios de honradez y caballerosidad tradicionales en la familia, que formaron el fondo del carácter del poeta. Fue aficionado a la lectura, aprendió el latín, y leía y hablaba perfectamente el francés. Se nutrió con la lectura de los clásicos griegos y latinos y con los escritos más representativos de las lenguas española, y francesa. Trascurrió su infancia y tiempo de formación entre la gran efervescencia social que propició la independencia de Guatemala de la dominación española, en los primeros y revoltosos años de la Guerra Civil Centroamericana. Su familia, atrapada entre las luchas que enfrentaron al general liberal Morazán con la conservadora República Federal de Centro América, perdió bienes y posición social, tras la expulsión de los conservadores del clan Aycinena de  Centroamérica en 1829. Posteriormente fue recuperando su posición, especialmente tras la entrada definitiva del general Rafael Carrera a Guatemala el 14 de abril de 1839, cuando el poeta fue nombrado como jefe político de Amatitlán.

Biografía

Sus primeros años

En los años de su juventud destacó por su claro talento y su imaginatíva conversación. La posición social de su familia, aristocrática y de abolengo criollo, le permitió una vida cómoda. Sus inquietudes iniciaron casi con la misma independencia de Guatemala. En 1824 ingresó a la Escuela de Cadetes establecida en Palacio por acuerdo del Gobierno Federal y dirigida por su próximo pariente, el coronel de Artillería don Manuel Arzú. Se distinguió en aquel centro por su inteligencia, sobresalió en el estudio de las matemáticas y del arte militar y al concluir el curso, fue promovido al grado de Oficial de Artillería.

En 1826, durante la Guerra Civil Centroamericana y con solamente 18 años de edad, tomó parte en la batalla de Milingo y en la localidad de mexicanos fue hecho prisionero por los salvadoreños. Estuvo en prisión casi un año, junto con Miguel García Granados, futuro líder liberal, quien dijo de én en su Memorias:

El poeta volvió a Guatemala en 1830 tras la derrota de Mariano de Aycinena, gobernador conservador de Guatemala, y del exilio y despojo de bienes de los miembros del conservador Clan Aycinena, al que su familia pertenecía. Su melancolía inteligente y sentido inconformista le sirvieron, «tanto en la vida como en la obra», según opinara el poeta Luis Cardoza y Aragón, «como un refugio ante la sociedad con visos feudales de atraso en la que vivió y que, por eso, satirizó con virulencia». Trabó amistad con la también escritora lírica María Josefa García Granados —a quien él llamaba «Pepita»— quien era la hermana mayor de Miguel García Granados y quien, como ellos, sufrió la expropiación de sus bienes y persecución tras la toma de Guatemala por el general liberal hondureño Francisco Morazán el 12 de abril de 1829.

Carrera militar y política

El 25 de agosto de 1838 fue dado de alta en la primera compañía de la brigada de artillería, con el grado de capitán comandante.

El 13 de abril de 1839 el líder campesino y clerical Rafael Carrera tomó por sorpresa la plaza de Guatemala.  Tanto el gobernador Carlos Salazar Castro como los principales líderes liberales huyeron de Guatemala y Carrera restituyó a Mariano Rivera y Paz, como gobernador del Estado de Guatemala. Rivera Paz a su vez nombró general en jefe del Ejército a Carrera, aunque en realidad era Carrera quien tenía el mando absoluto en Guatemala. Ese mismo día Rivera y Paz nombró a Montúfar como jefe político de Amatitlán

El 29 de mayo de 1839 se restableció la Asamblea Constituyente que se había convocado en 1838 y que había sido disuelta por Morazán.  El gobierno de Rivera y Paz estableció pactos de amistad y alianza con Honduras en mayo, con el Salvador en junio, con Nicaragua en julio y con Costa Rica en agosto; también permitió que regresar el arzobispo metropolitano que había sido expulsado por los liberales, clausuró la Academia de Ciencias y restituyó la Nacional y Pontificia Universidad de Carlos Borromeo, y restableció la Sociedad de Amigos del País y el Consulado de Comercio, principales entes gremiales de los miembros del conservador clan Aycinena.

Los liberales contraatacaron e intentaron alzarse nuevamente en el Estado de Los Altos, pero fueron reducidos por Carrera; tras esta acción, el general Francisco Morazán intentó retomar el control del estado de Guatemala, pero fue derrotado contundentemente por el general Carrera en la Ciudad de Guatemala en 1840.  Batres Montúfar peleó por última vez, con las tropas conservadoras del general Rafael Carrera que rechazaron la invasión del liberal de Morazán.

Carrera de ingeniería

En mayo de 1844, Batres Montúfar causó baja en el ejército, por motivos de enfermedad. Anteriormente dispuso estudiar ingeniería y el 14 de diciembre de 1835, obtuvo el título de ingeniero topógrafo. En 1837, el Gobierno de la Federación ordenó que una comisión de ingenieros explorara el río San Juan de Nicaragua, con el fin de ver si era posible construir por cuenta del Estado el canal que, aprovechando las aguas de aquel río y de los grandes lagos de la región, comunicara los dos océanos e hiciera de Centroamérica un emporio de comercio, como habían soñado distinguidos compatriotas. Con tal objeto se nombró al ingeniero inglés John Baily para dirigir los trabajos de exploración, y a José Batres Montúfar para acompañarle como ingeniero auxiliar. El poeta partió para Nicaragua en compañía de su joven hermano Juan, que le amaba entrañablemente y que quiso compartir con él las fatigas y penalidades de la empresa. La comarca del río San Juan era casi desconocida, cubierta de espesa selva tropical, inexplorada y llena de peligros para la vida humana. En medio de ese cuadro de salvaje belleza natural, los hermanos Batres lucharon por abrirse camino desde el corazón del Continente hasta el mar. Privados de los elementos más necesarios para sobrevivir en tierra tan inhóspita, se rindieron a la fatiga, a las privaciones y a la enfermedad. El menor, Juan, que apenas contaba con veintiún años, pereció víctima de la fiebre palúdica, hecho que Batres versificó como elegía en el poema San Juan:

Muerte

En abril de 1838, Batres Montúfar volvió a Guatemala, enfermo del cuerpo y del alma, muertas sus últimas ilusiones y sufriendo espantosos dolores físicos que acabaron de entristecer su ánimo. El 13 de mayo de 1839 fue nombrado para ocupar el cargo de corregidor del departamento de San Juan Amatitlán. Tres años después, fue elegido en 1842, diputado a la asamblea legislativa por el departamento de San Marcos. La Sociedad Económica de Amantes de la Patria -club de los miembros del Clan Aycinena- lo declaró socio asistente el 19 de abril de 1841. Murió en la ciudad de Guatemala, el 9 de junio de 1844, a los 35 años de edad.

Obra

Fue un insigne escritor perteneciente a la escuela romántica, considerado como el más grande poeta guatemalteco del siglo . Su producción poética y sus inigualables obras del género jocoso se valieron de la sátira y la ironía fina para rebelarse contra el estamento semicolonial que oprimía, hasta cierta manera, una personalidad tan crítica como la suya. De ahí que sus descripciones costumbristas de la primera mitad del siglo  en Guatemala estén logradas con acierto como piezas literarias de valor. Compuso parte de su poesía en octavas reales, al modo de las novelas del italiano Giambattista Casti, a quien admiraba. Además de Casti, sería ávido lector de Byron, cuyo influjo en El reloj es tangible. Mucha de su obra inédita sería destruida por su familia tras su muerte, preocupada por la polémica que en ellas había. Otra idea estética importante que puede descubrirse en la poesía de Batres es su preocupación por la belleza ideal. Presenta, en poemas como El reloj y en otros libros de costumbres, personajes "grotescos" o "inmorales", que rompen con el molde de lo armonioso y consistente. Entonces, una vez en el juego dialéctico, puede descubrirse lo bello en oposición a lo feo y el bien (moral) en oposición al mal (transgresión).

Crítica

Dice Rubén Darío de Batres Montúfar: "Las octavas de Batres Montúfar ríen solas. Ya se miran, al leerle, las pelucas empolvadas de los nobles de Santiago de los caballeros, las damas con sus trajes á la española, y las cabalgadas de los días de alegría y jolgorio. Narra en elverso ligero con tanta gracia como soltura; y hay que ver esos rosarios de consonantes que parecen imposibles y que fáciles triunfan."  Agrega Darío que Reloj y Falsas apariencias son dos joyuelas de la literatura americana.

Obras más famosas

Entre sus obras más famosas se encuentran aquellas que bajo el título común de Tradiciones de Guatemala, constituyen notables poemas narrativos y satíricos como:

 Las falsas apariencias
 Don Pablo
 El reloj

Sus obras líricas son los poemas:

 Yo pienso en ti

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" width=30%
|+style=color:black;|Yo pienso en ti
|-
|

«Yo pienso en ti, tú vives en mi mente,
sola, fija, sin tregua, a toda hora,
aunque tal vez el rostro indiferente
no deje reflejar sobre mi frente
la llama que en silencio me devora.

«En mi lóbrega y yerta fantasía
brilla tu imagen apacible y pura,
como el rayo de luz que el sol envía
a través de una bóveda sombría
al roto mármol de una sepultura.»
|

Callado, inerte, en estupor profundo,
mi corazón se embarga y se enajena,
y allá en su centro brilla moribundo
cuando entre el vano estrépito del mundo
la melodía de tu nombre suena.

Sin luchas, sin afán y sin lamento,
sin agitarme en ciego frenesí,
sin proferir un solo, un leve acento
las largas horas de la noche cuento
¡y pienso en ti!»
|}

 San Juan El suicidio Al Volcán de Agua'''''

Monumento

En 1852 cuando Juan Matheu y Manuel Francisco Pavón Aycinena, miembros del conservador Clan Aycinena y consejeros del presidente- presentaron a Rafael Carrera un nuevo plan.  Ya aprobado el proyecto, Carrera comisionó al propio Matheu y a Miguel Ruiz de Santisteban para construir el teatro. Cuando la obra se puso en marcha, estuvo a cargo del ingeniero Miguel Rivera Maestre, pero éste renunció poco después, siendo sustituido por José Beckers, profesional especializado en Alemania, quien construyó las fachadas de marcado helenismo y agregó un vestíbulo. La edificación de este teatro fue el primer proyecto monumental de la era republicana del país, aprovechando que finalmente este vivía una época de paz y prosperidad.

En la Guía Appleton de México y Guatemala de 1884, el teatro fue descrito así: «En el centro de la plaza está el Teatro, igual en tamaño y elegancia a cualquiera de la América española.  Hileras de naranjales y otros árboles de flores brillantes y fragancias deliciosas rodean al edificio mientras que estatuas y fuentes colocadas a ciertos intervalos embellecen aún más el paseo.

Tras la Reforma Liberal de 1871, el teatro se llamó simplemente Teatro Nacional.   En 1892, se elevó un frontón triangular en dos o tres metros, para darle más elegancia sustituyéndose el escudo de la República de Guatemala del gobierno conservador de Rafael Carrera por una alegoría en alto relieve.  Removieron los naranjos que crecían a la orilla de la banqueta las estatuas mitológicas y las fuentes que remataban las esquinas de la octava y novena calles, en la parte oriental de la plazoleta y se embelleció el paseo con modernos jardines y artísticas grutas y se erigió el busto de Batres Montúfar en el ángulo noroeste del parque.

Cuando se realizó la conmemoración del Cuarto Centenario del Descubrimiento de América en el año de 1892, la comunidad italiana que radicada en Guatemala donó una estatua del marino genovés Cristóbal Colón, la cual fue colocada al lado del Teatro, el que se llamó desde entonces Teatro Colón.

El Teatro Colón fue dañado por los terremotos de 1917-18 y permaneció en ruinas hasta 1923; no fue demolido antes, primero por la incapacidad del gobierno del licenciado Manuel Estrada Cabrera para realizar las labores de descombramiento y luego por la revolución de 1920 para derrocar al presidente Estrada Cabrera, y el golpe de Estado de 1921 del general José María Orellana que derrocó al presidente Carlos Herrera.  En su lugar se instaló un mercado cantonal.

Notas y referencias

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos
 Poemas de José Batres Montúfar
 Poemas y relatos de José Batres Montúfar

Escritores de El Salvador
Escritores de Guatemala
Escritores en español del siglo XIX
Miembros del Clan Aycinena de Centro América
Poetas de Guatemala
Políticos de El Salvador
Militares de El Salvador
Militares de Guatemala
Ingenieros de Guatemala
Nacidos en San Salvador

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Editor's Desk
By Geoff Russell
Editor-In-Chief Geoff Russell
My very first job at Golf World (I joined the magazine in 1989) was covering the LPGA Tour. One of my first assignments was the U.S. Women's Open that summer at Indianwood outside Detroit, which was won by Betsy King. One of my last assignments in that role was the 1992 U.S. Women's Open at Oakmont, which Patty Sheehan captured in a playoff over her good friend Juli Inkster (and which might have been the best golf tournament I ever personally wrote a story about).
Not to sound like your grandfather's golf writer, but those three years, 1989 to 1992, were sort of the golden age of American women's golf. Besides covering plenty of victories by King, Sheehan and Inkster, I also witnessed some great performances by Beth Daniel, Pat Bradley and, to a lesser extent -- because I missed the prime of her career -- Nancy Lopez. (In a story I did once trying to make the case that those six were the greatest dynasty in LPGA history, I calculated that in their heyday they won between 50 and 60 percent of LPGA tournaments. Of course, I couldn't find that story when I was researching this column, so you'll have to take my word for it.) Needless to say, all six of those players are now in the LPGA Hall of Fame.
I thought of that era of U.S. domination while working on this week's issue of Golf World, which features our 2009 LPGA preview section, spearheaded by the magazine's current LPGA beat writer, Ron Sirak. As the LPGA season opens this week in Hawaii, Sirak reminds us that it has been 14 years -- Beth Daniel at the end of the 1994 campaign -- since an American could make a legitimate claim to being the best female golfer in the world. In Sirak's cover story this week, a profile of Paula Creamer, he asks whether the rising 22-year-old star might be the U.S. player who finally takes over the No. 1 spot in the Rolex Ranking. Without giving away Creamer's answer, I'll put it this way: It's definitely on her mind.
My opinion? Lorena Ochoa is still the world's best female golfer. But with the arrival of rookies Michelle Wie, Stacy Lewis and Vickie Hurst, along with the maturing Creamer (who despite her relative youth already has eight career wins), American golf fans should have an exciting year ahead of them.
Less exciting, of course, is the U.S. economy and its effect on pro golf. But let's face it: the recession is creeping into all of sports, not just golf. We have three stories in this week's magazine that are either directly, or indirectly, about golf and the economy. Senior writer Tim Rosaforte reports on the mandatory player meeting PGA Tour commissioner Tim Finchem called at Torrey Pines last week, which featured a video appearance by Arnold Palmer. In the short film, Palmer's message to players was, basically, tough times call for tough measures. It's time for everyone to work harder -- for sponsors, for tournaments, for fans. Are players getting the message? Read this week's magazine to find out.
Sirak has a story about the latest bit of sponsor shuffling on the LPGA Tour. Last week, Sirak learned that the Seoul Broadcasting System, which has held the LPGA's Korean TV rights for 15 years (and for which it was the LPGA's single biggest source of revenue), has lost those rights to J Golf, a smaller Korean TV company. The LPGA makes more money on the new deal -- but is taking a calculated gamble as well (and losing a tournament sponsor, since miffed SBS officials say this week's SBS Open will be the last one).
Finally, senior editor Bill Fields did a little reporting in Augusta, where local officials are preparing for this year's Masters, less than two months away. What he learned was that house rentals, parties and other forms of corporate hospitality business are down dramatically over normal years. When you hear that the Masters -- perhaps the best and most important celebration in golf -- is not immune from the economic downturn, it makes you sit up and take notice.
Geoff Russell


Implications of a Microsoft-Yahoo Deal for Research?
After months of speculation, the news today is full of reports of a Microsoft-Yahoo deal for search. Here is a CNN article, and I'm sure you can find others.
One thing I've read about the deal is that by using Bing, Yahoo will save on research and other expenses for its own search. Similarly, since Yahoo will focus on the advertising network to monetize the search, perhaps Microsoft will invest less on research there. Of course this is speculative; while I'm sure cost savings will come to mind, I imagine engineering and infrastructure are more obvious place for cost saving cuts than research.
But I am certainly hoping this will not adversely affect the research going on these places, especially at Yahoo, which seems to me to be more at risk (given the company's financial issues over the last several years), and which has really been doing a lot interesting and visible research lately. For example, check out their research blurb on their success at KDD/SIGMOD/PODS. Or check out their blurb on their current featured research project, Similarity Caching.
Let's be clear -- I'm very biased here. My past student Adam Kirsch did a summer internship at Yahoo; my past mentor Andrei Broder is there; I've received some research funding from Yahoo Research and written several papers with researchers there. From what I've seen, I think they're an impressive research organization. Two of their main focus areas are Search and Web Mining and Computational Advertising. I hope that nothing in the deal lessens the importance to Yahoo of supporting and developing research in these areas.
Richard Bradley, author of Harvard Rules as well as other books, has plenty of Harvard related things to write about, including the Henry Louis Gates affair (which I've heard about seemingly nonstop for several days) and the Vanity Fair article, on his blog. And then there's a new Newsweek article on the months-old story of the student who was not allowed to graduate at the ceremony this year because of a purported connection (the nature of which is not, as far as I know, publicly known) to a murder that took place at a Harvard dorm.
The only "positive" news I've seen about Harvard lately is its portrayal as a hotbed of high tech activity in Harvard graduate Ben Mezrich's new book, the Accidental Billionaires, about the building of Facebook. Of course, even that's somewhat tainted, since Mezrich, according to several articles, essentially made up portions of the book.
I spent the rest of my California trip visiting Yahoo, Google, and Stanford.
At Yahoo, I got the chance to hang out with my mentor, the ever-busy Andrei Broder, and talk research with Ravi Kumar and Flavio Chierichetti. Flavio is a graduate student of Alessandro Panconsei's; he previously visited Harvard and I got him to work on codes for flash memory, and we've also collaborated on the recent KDD paper On Compressing Social Networks. Flavio's been doing a lot of outstanding work primarily in applied algorithms; he'll be looking for a job/postdoc soon, and I suggest everyone keep their eye out for him.
At Google, I was hosted by Gagan Aggarwal, and gave the talk on An Efficient Rigorous Approach for Identifying Statistically Significant Frequent Itemsets. Slides (ppt) are here; they were designed by Favio Vandin and passed to me by Eli Upfal. Highlights included seeing Deborah Weisser (another Berkeley grad school alum who overlapped with me) and Pei Cao (who always asks lots of interesting questions). And one of my TAs from last year -- interning at Google for the summer -- came to the this talk too. OK, I admit, lunch was also a real highlight. Unlike last year, the sushi line was short (indeed, the whole place was quieter than last year -- maybe I came on a less busy day), and they still had a freezer full of specially Google-branded It's It sandwiches.
Finally, I gave the Open Questions in Cuckoo Hashing talk at Stanford, after a nice talk with my always-interesting host, Tim Roughgarden. Sadly, I'd come down with a cold the night before, so it wasn't my best performance, but the audience peppered me with good questions. Again, another TA showed up -- this one just started her PhD in Statistics at Stanford.
I'm writing this on my flight back from California, where I've just been reading the August Vanity Fair article on Harvard's endowment situation. (It does not appear to be available online currently.) The cover blurb is Harvard's Big, Dumb Financial Train Wreck, and the actual title seems to be Rich Harvard, Poor Harvard, so you have some idea where it's coming from.
The article has its ups and downs, its mild exaggerations and understatements. But overall it's interesting reading. One interesting point is that it starts and ends with none other than our own Michael Smith, computer science professor currently on loan as Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The article begins with Mike calmly addressing undergraduates and trying to forthrightly explain the financial situation. (Of course, the undergraduates are up in arms, insisting on things like no layoffs, as one would expect undergraduates everywhere to do, regardless of the actual situation.) The article ends with Mike talking to the reporter on the way back to Mike's car at the end of the day; the reporter describes a lack of success in otherwise getting information or meetings with Harvard's standard PR organization. (Strangely, I've also multiple times caught Mike heading for home, and chatted with him about various Harvard happenings at those times. He needs to change his car routine.) While this impromptu chat didn't seem to reveal significantly novel information -- Mike's smart enough to keep his cards close to his vest as needed -- it shows Mike talking more openly than one might naturally expect from a Dean in his situation. He's not a "no comment" kind of guy.
The article nails some things squarely. The fall in the endowment will have significant effects. Fewer TAs, fewer support staff, closed libraries, fewer perks all-around for students and faculty, and less money for all sorts of projects and initiatives. All this is, naturally, not good, but perhaps the article overstates the effects all this will have on Harvard as an educational institution. I, for instance, was a Harvard undergraduate in what must now appear to be the dark, dreary days of 1987-1991, when Harvard's endowment was just over 1/10 th the size it was before the crash, and I still liked the place and thought I received a good education. Harvard's resources are still remarkable, and I feel lucky to teach here; I'm sure we'll still manage to provide a high-quality education.
In terms of the question of how we got to this point, the article considers two main thrusts: the Harvard management company and how the endowment was run, and Harvard's unsustainable spending spree as the endowment increased. The first I don't feel qualified to talk about; it seems that Harvard's investment portfolio has become more risky over the years, but it's not clear to me how far the risk-reward ratio was out of whack, or that performance was out of line with other institutions. (It's hard to know what the right comparison is, given the flaws that seem to have been underlying the financial system of the last several years, of which there are several victims beyond Harvard.) It seems to me that more information is needed, and the article suggests that Harvard is not particularly transparent about these sorts of things.
On the spending side, I think it's clear Harvard went too far too fast in its spending plans, particularly under Larry Summers, who I think if anything gets insufficient blame in this article. It was under Summers Harvard dramatically increased spending on new buildings (financed by debt, and sometimes without getting sponsorship from donors first), faculty size increased, and financial aid plans zoomed. I have to admit, all of these things, particularly at the time, I thought of positively, at least in theory. Of course (duh), increasing space/faculty/aid money all always sound good. But it was also fairly clear at the time (and much clearer in retrospect) that Harvard was doing too much too fast and assuming the money would come from somewhere down the line. While my standing far outside the inner circles of Harvard administration means I can't claim to know who holds responsibility for this, from my standpoint Summers seemed to be leading the call for an overly ambitious agenda, never mind the costs.
Anyhow, I encourage everyone to read the article, and to comment on the issues raised by the article -- both in terms of Harvard's situation and the corresponding situations at other universities -- as you like.
Today I gave my version 0.1 talk on "Open Problems in Cuckoo Hashing" at Microsoft. I was blessed with a receptive audience, who asked questions and pointed out various typographical errors and other possible fixes. The highlight for me was when two of my TAs from last semester showed up for the talk. (One is doing a summer internship a few blocks away at Google, the other -- who will starting grad school in theory next year -- is the daughter of a Microsoft Researcher.) Since I'm sure they'll stumble across this, a big thank you for coming!
In the afternoon I saw an interesting talk by Rafael Pass on Game Theory with Costly Computation. The high-level idea is to include a notion of computation cost in the utility function, so that your utility can depend on how much computation you use, which might in turn affect your choice of game strategy. It seemed like an interesting conceptual idea, and the twist has some surprising implications (like Nash equilibria no longer always exist).
this Thursday at Microsoft Research Silicon Valley (10:30 am), and Tuesday July 14 at Stanford (4:00 pm).
On Monday July 13 I'll be at Google. giving a different talk, on the PODS paper An Efficient Rigorous Approach for Identifying Statistically Significant Frequent Itemsets, by Kirsch, Mitzenmacher, Pietracaprina, Pucci, Upfal, and Vandin. See the previous blog post here.
If you're around please feel free to come to a talk. (At Google and Microsoft, if you're not an employee, I'm not sure how you get in the door, but I'm sure you can find a way...) Or if you're already at one of these places and want to see me, please try to get on the schedule.
Guest Post by Dan Spielman.
As Mike did after the STOC 2009 PC Meeting, I'd like to provide a short summary of what happened at the FOCS 2009 Meeting.
We arrived at the meeting having at least three reviews for each paper. To save time for discussions of papers during the meeting, we voted to reject many papers in the two weeks before the meeting. We also voted to accept a small number that had overwhelmingly strong reviews. I would like to have heard more about these papers, but it would not have been a productive use of time.
After our preliminary decisions we had 123 papers to discuss over 2 days. This gave us only a few minutes to discuss each paper. In spite of the short timeframes, the discussions of papers were remarkably insightful, intelligent, and witty. Things were said that I will remember always. Unfortunately, confidentiality prevents me from sharing them with you. As chair, my job was to prematurely halt these discussions so that we could vote and move on to the next paper.
As was done in many PCs before, I asked committee members with conflicts of interest to leave the room. Committee members were deemed to have a conflict of interest with authors who were their advisor or advisee, who were at the same institution, and with whom they were close friends. My test for friendship was "would you be proud if this paper was accepted?" As many observed, these are not perfect tests for COIs, but they are a first-order approximation. This policy did have some drawbacks, as it often meant that the person most expert in the area of a paper was excluded from the discussion. To ameliorate this problem, I solicited extra reviews of papers for which this was the case. I am thankful that so many in our community responded to my urgent requests for reviews.
I am VERY happy that we took this approach to handling COIs. I know that I would have had a difficult time being unbiased when discussing papers with which I had a COI. One advantage of this approach that I did not see discussed in the comments on Mike's blog is that it preserves the committee members' reputations for integrity. We accepted many papers with which I had a COI, and I am glad that I will not be suspected of tilting the process in favor of my friends.
Deciding which papers to accept is a very difficult process. With insufficient time and consideration, we were forced to make decisions that are very important to many people. We did the best we could, but I am sure we made mistakes. At least there is no paper on which a majority of the committee believed we made a mistake.
I hope you all will join us for the 50th IEEE FOCS.


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text:
Whale shark: Close encounter with the gentle giant « Trip Report
Whale shark: Close encounter with the gentle giant
Author: Irene Pramudito
Trip report on Whale Shark Dive at Seven Skies
Years of scuba diving has taught me a lesson: go with low expectation, and you will be justly rewarded. But do I practice what I preach? Of course not, I'm only human. When I go on scuba diving trips, I pretend not to have high expectations, but deep inside, I'm a seething mess of nerves and high hopes. Pathetic, I know. On this particular weekend, however, I can honestly say I went diving with no expectation whatsoever. I have dived the same site a few times, and really, I went to just have fun with my dive buddies. Guess what, I was justly rewarded: I dove with one of the least encountered marine animals – the whale shark (Rhincodon typus).
When I started scuba diving four years ago, I had a wish list that contains the names of the marine animals I want to see. Some are really ordinary (tuna), some are downright scary (great white shark and saltwater crocodile), and some are just notoriously difficult to encounter (the whale shark). The whale shark, however, had always been on top of my list. I simply find the whale shark an amazing creature, so graceful despite its size, so majestic, and such a joy to watch. I go into some kind of a hypnotic trance whenever I watch a documentary on whale sharks (I'm exaggerating, but there's a smidgen of truth in it). But after hearing of divers with 10, 15 years of diving without encountering a single whale shark, I get a little frustrated.
I was in one of my blue funk mood (pessimistic, morose, just basically feeling like crap) when I went diving that weekend. I hadn't slept enough, two of my friends pulled out of the trip so I had to frantically find replacements, and my friend who was supposed to work as DM that weekend was transferred to another boat. How much worse could things get? At the last minute, I pulled myself together and mentally slapped myself out of the blue funk. I packed my bags and went to meet my friends at Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal in Singapore.
I got my first nice surprise: my DM friend Ed was there! There was a last-minute change and he was back on my boat! Woohoo! One by one my dive buddies, Eric, Alice, and Dawn arrived, and we were onboard the dive boat in no time.
The liveaboard – a self-contained dive boat – had the maximum capacity of 24 divers and 12 crew members. For the rest of the weekend, we were to eat, sleep, dive, basically, live on the boat.
Twelve hours later, the boat arrived at Damar Island in the Anambas Islands, South China Sea. Just like any scuba diving trip, the divers were required to do an easy, shallow dive to check for equipment malfunction, to determine comfort level, and general readiness to dive. So we did two dives at Damar, by accident. The first dive, we didn't descend fast enough so we drifted too far out. We surfaced, got back on the boat, and jumped into the shallow part of the reef. Quite enjoyable dives, but not what we came all this way for. Next destination: The Seven Skies wreck.
The Seven Skies wreck is a supertanker that sank in 1969 after a fire of mysterious origin. Some said it was struck by lightning, some claimed there was an explosion, some said it was attacked by aliens – take your pick. Half of the ship was intact, the other half lie somewhere at the bottom of the sea; it had never been found.
We were loitering around the dive deck, while the boat owner and the captain dove down to tie a rope that anchors the dive boat to the wreck. We were getting bored and restless, when suddenly the boat owner popped out of the water screaming, "WHALE SHARK!!!". People were not sure how to react – either they can't believe their luck, or they think the boat owner was pulling their leg. I, however, reacted quickly. I donned my scuba equipment in what felt like seconds, grabbed my underwater camera, and took a giant stride into the water just as the whale shark's head appeared on the surface. JACKPOT!
My buddy Eric finally caught up with me, and was in the water. The surface current carried us toward the whale shark, and there! Suddenly it was in front of me! I frantically took shots after shots of the pup (it was a 4-meter long puppy! A whale shark can grow up to 20 meters in length).
The current kept pushing me toward the shark, and I think I frightened it. It turned, its tail gently slapping my arm. I was slapped by a whale shark! If I didn't have to have a regulator in my mouth, I would have a loopy grin on my face. It was a dream that came true. The whale shark stayed with us for about five minutes, until it disappeared into the depths. It may have been a short encounter, but one that will stay etched in my mind for many years to come.
When we came out of our euphoria, we realized we'd drifted far from the boat. The rubber dinghy had to make three trips before picking us up. By the time we got back to the boat, people have geared up and some were already in the water. We followed suit, and was in the water pulling ourselves down the rope towards the wreck.
At about 18 meters, the silhouette of the funnel appeared. As we descended further, a familiar sight welcomed us: The Seven Skies wreck. We swam around the top deck for a little while, taking silly pictures and peeking into the cargo hold, looking at the schooling barracuda, and circling the funnel all the way to the top. The current was friendly; we didn't have to fin hard to get anywhere. After about 20 minutes, we started our deep stops along the rope, hanging like bananas.
Onboard the mother ship, we relived our whale shark moments (well, some of us who actually saw it). Alice was rather upset that she only saw the head of the whale shark on the surface. I didn't mean to gloat, but it was quite difficult to pretend I wasn't still ecstatic.
We then prepared for our second dive at the same site. Eric and I descended fast, as we wanted to maximize our air. Alice and Ed stayed with Dawn, who had to descend slowly because she can't equalize fast. Eric and I were happily looking at the schooling barracuda, when suddenly one of the DMs frantically pointed upwards. The whale shark is back!!! The silhouette of its body was one of the most awe-inspiring and beautiful sights I've ever seen. The shark gracefully circled, and descended further towards us.
I kept looking at the rope, willing Dawn to come down faster so the three of them don't miss the spectacular sight. Finally, I saw the three of them coming down the line, Alice immediately letting go of the rope to chase the shark for pictures. After a short while, the shark disappeared into the blue, but we all had our fill and were grinning madly from ear to ear.
Eric and I continued our dive, looking at nooks and crannies in the wreck. We looked into the cargo hold, the staircase visible from the gaping hole, tempting us to go in and have a closer look. One look at my dive computer prevented us from doing so. We were at 37m, Eric had four minutes left of NDL, and it was just too dangerous. So I signaled to him that we should start our ascend. I started swimming around the funnel towards the upline.
We got to the rope, and by that time Eric has gone into deco. We started our deep stops, and met Ed on the upline. We were happily looking at the barracudas, when suddenly Ed pointed at something. I turned around, and there it was again!!! The whale shark came back! By this time, there were just five of us in the water. It was like a private show, we got to gawk at the shark without any pesky divers blocking the view. Lucky Ed, how many trainee DMs can claim they showed the customers a whale shark?
We were watching intently, then spotted Dawn swimming towards the line, not realizing the shark was nearby. She sensed we were watching something, and turned her head around, and came face to face with the shark. She had the most comical expression on her face. I wasn't sure who was more startled, she or the shark. Within minutes, the shark grew bored of us and left.
Back on the boat, we saw many grinning faces. Apparently the shark made another appearance on the surface, and put on quite a good show for the divers.
After the Seven Skies, we made our way to Pulau Dayang, four hours away, to do our night dive. We jumped in the water at about 10.45pm at Telok Jawa, a protected bay. Dawn chose to have a massage instead (clever girl!), but she didn't miss much. I briefly saw a blue-ring octopus, a few crabs and shrimps, and a teeny weeny scorpionfish that Ed spotted, so kawaii!
The events of the day left us high on adrenaline and pure joy, so we decided to pop open the wine bottles and have a mini party. At the top deck, under the starry sky, we sipped our wine and marvel at our luck. The whale shark sighting was the first for all five of us. Alice has had 360+ dives under her belt, so she was ecstatic that she finally saw her first whale shark. We were whispering so loudly that we woke one of the DMs sleeping there (oops). When he left, there was a big empty space so we thought, let's sleep under the stars! We put a few mattresses together, the boys went to retrieve our jumpers and pillows and blankets, and we snuggled up like bunnies. Within minutes, we were out like a light.
Sunday morning, we headed towards Pinnacles at Pulau Aur, but the current was to strong so we moved to Rayner's Rock instead. The dive was an anticlimax after the whale shark encounter, but we were happy just to potter about.
The next dive site was Jack Rock, a decent site if not for the shite viz. We saw some cool nudibranchs: Hypselodoris bullockii, Nembrotha kubaryana, and one that I cannot identify.
I must say, this is probably one of the top five dive trips for me, if not THE number one. Nothing beats a close encounter with a rare animal and good company. Next, bring on the hammerheads!!!


Uponor president and Vistage Minnesota member Bill Gray is truly living the life of a global executive. Bill is a dual United Kingdom and Canadian citizen living in the U.S. leading Uponor's extensive North American operations from Apple Valley, Minn. Oh, and he also "commutes" to Europe at least 10 times a year where the company has its global headquarters in Finland. The company is public and listed on the NASDAQ QMX stock exchange in Helsinki, Finland.
Amazingly, Bill still finds time to attend his monthly Vistage meetings with chair Wayne Serie.
Uponor is an international market leader in plumbing and indoor climate products and solutions. The company is well known for high-quality and highly-reliable systems and products. Bill moved to the U.S. in 2011 from his Canadian home to take a job as VP of sales, which eventually led to his current position as president of Uponor's North American operations.
The company has about 650 employees in North America—more than 575 are in Apple Valley and Lakeville, Minn. Uponor has strong market presence in residential housing bolstered by an enviable network of professional plumbing and heating distributors that love its products. Its core offering has long been innovative plastic pipe (PEX) made by crosslinking polyethylene. More and more contractors and engineers are using the product to taking advantage of lower material and labor costs than more traditional copper and steel pipes.
Bill has been a Vistage member for about a year and looks forward to the monthly meetings when he has the chance to ask for feedback from fellow CEOs and senior leaders in his group of 15 members. "It's safe. The conversation is with people who don't have skin in the game so they don't have any interest in one outcome or the other. I feel that people are genuinely interested in helping me do better," says Bill.
In addition, Bill says the one-on-ones with Wayne are great because of his chair's challenging questions. "I think Wayne is a really good chair who challenges you through questioning to help you understand the different perspective or see things differently," he says.
One of Uponor's biggest concerns is finding people to replace some of its more senior employees who are in the retirement corridor. "We've got a few of our manufacturing supervisors, first level supervisors, who are in some phase of a three-year retirement cycle," he shares. "Right now, our leadership is focused on building the company's next generation of leaders, especially in the company's manufacturing area," Bill says.
Compensation is a sensitive issue in manufacturing so Bill does his homework to make sure he doesn't lose good people to companies offering better pay than Uponor. "How do I keep our people if a neighboring company offers a few cents more per hour?" he says. For some of these questions he has turned to Vistage for the answers. Bill says that all the company leaders in his Vistage group, including chair Wayne Serie, have dealt with the same issues and challenges. That advice is priceless.
Bill also credits monthly Vistage speakers with sharing ideas and concepts he can usually put into practice immediately and see results. He cites a speaker that addressed the group on issues regarding the hiring and managing of millennials, a topic of keen interest for Bill. "Really, I haven't seen a bad or poor speaker," he says.
Vistage has also been a great sounding board for another challenge Bill is wrestling with: how to strategically protect your company from factors beyond your control, such as a housing crash or declining revenue streams from some customer segments. On the flip side, he's trying to figure out how to advance his company's products and services to capitalize on new technologies and paradigm shifts, such as digitalization and the Internet of Things.


text:
'use strict';

Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
  value: true
});

var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

var _react = require('react');

var _react2 = _interopRequireDefault(_react);

function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

function _possibleConstructorReturn(self, call) { if (!self) { throw new ReferenceError("this hasn't been initialised - super() hasn't been called"); } return call && (typeof call === "object" || typeof call === "function") ? call : self; }

function _inherits(subClass, superClass) { if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) { throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function, not " + typeof superClass); } subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, { constructor: { value: subClass, enumerable: false, writable: true, configurable: true } }); if (superClass) Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass) : subClass.__proto__ = superClass; }

var ToolTip = function (_Component) {
  _inherits(ToolTip, _Component);

  function ToolTip() {
    _classCallCheck(this, ToolTip);

    return _possibleConstructorReturn(this, (ToolTip.__proto__ || Object.getPrototypeOf(ToolTip)).apply(this, arguments));
  }

  _createClass(ToolTip, [{
    key: 'render',
    value: function render() {

      var visibility = 'hidden';
      var transform = '';
      var x = 0;
      var y = 0;
      var width = 150,
          height = 70;
      var transformText = 'translate(' + width / 2 + ',' + (height / 2 - 5) + ')';
      var transformArrow = '';

      if (this.props.tooltip.display === true) {
        var position = this.props.tooltip.pos;
        x = position.x;
        y = position.y;
        visibility = 'visible';

        if (y > height) {
          transform = 'translate(' + (x - width / 2) + ',' + (y - height - 20) + ')';
          transformArrow = 'translate(' + (width / 2 - 20) + ',' + (height - 2) + ')';
        } else if (y < height) {
          transform = 'translate(' + (x - width / 2) + ',' + (Math.round(y) + 20) + ')';
          transformArrow = 'translate(' + (width / 2 - 20) + ',' + 0 + ') rotate(180,20,0)';
        }
      } else {
        visibility = 'hidden';
      }
      return _react2.default.createElement(
        'g',
        { transform: transform },
        _react2.default.createElement('rect', { 'class': 'shadow', is: true, width: width, height: height, rx: '5', ry: '5', visibility: visibility, fill: '#6391da', opacity: '.9' }),
        _react2.default.createElement('polygon', { 'class': 'shadow', is: true, points: '10,0  30,0  20,10', transform: transformArrow,
          fill: '#6391da', opacity: '.9', visibility: visibility }),
        _react2.default.createElement(
          'text',
          { is: true, visibility: visibility, transform: transformText },
          _react2.default.createElement(
            'tspan',
            { is: true, x: '0', 'text-anchor': 'middle', 'font-size': '15px', fill: '#ffffff' },
            this.props.tooltip.data.key
          ),
          _react2.default.createElement(
            'tspan',
            { is: true, x: '0', 'text-anchor': 'middle', dy: '25', 'font-size': '20px', fill: '#a9f3ff' },
            this.props.tooltip.data.value + ' visits'
          )
        )
      );
    }
  }]);

  return ToolTip;
}(_react.Component);

ToolTip.propTypes = {
  tooltip: _react.PropTypes.object
};
exports.default = ToolTip;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


What is abdominal migraine (abdominal migraine)?
As the name implies, abdominal migraine is a migraine that occurs not on the head but on the abdomen. However, abdominal migraines often occur due to the same triggers as migraine headaches. Stomach migraine can be very painful and cause nausea, cramps, and even vomiting.
Children whose family members have migraines are at increased risk for abdominal migraines.
Children with abdominal migraines usually experience migraine headaches as they grow older. Abdominal migraines usually occur in infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents.
Stomach migraine is also commonly experienced by young children who later will suffer from migraine attacks. However, severe abdominal pain can also occur in migraine attacks in adults. Sometimes this is called gastric migraine or migraine in the stomach.
Abdominal migraine is often undiagnosed in adults. Therefore, when men and women experience symptoms, other syndromes or disorders will be considered first, such as intestinal syndrome, acid reflux, or lactose intolerance.
Some studies assess that one to four percent of children suffer from abdominal migraine, while other studies say that about 10 percent of children experience repeated stomach pain sometime in their childhood.
Children with abdominal migraine usually have a migraine-related family history. Some 65 percent of cases of cyclic abdominal migraine or vomiting have a migraine-related family history.
However, this can be overcome by reducing your risk factors. Discuss with your doctor for more information.
What are the characteristics and symptoms of abdominal migraine?
Abdominal migraines often occur suddenly and quite badly, and without warning signs. The pain can disappear after an hour, or can last up to 3 days.
Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent deteriorating conditions and other medical emergencies, so consult a doctor as soon as possible to prevent this serious condition.
If you have any questions, consult your doctor. Everyone's body reacts differently. It's always better to discuss what's best for your situation with your doctor.
Until now, no known exact cause of abdominal migraine. One theory says that changes in levels of two compounds produced by the body, namely histamine and serotonin, are the cause. Experts think that feeling sad or worried can be a trigger as well.
Foods, such as chocolate, foods containing monosodium glutamate (MSG), and processed meat with nitrites, can trigger a stomach migraine.
Swallowing lots of air can also be a trigger or cause similar stomach symptoms. This can cause bloating and difficulty eating.
Who is at risk for abdominal migraines?
Most children with abdominal migraines have a migraine-related family history, and most continue to develop migraine as adults.
It seems difficult to diagnose this condition because children often have difficulties in distinguishing between abdominal migraines with abdominal pain, stomach flu, or other problems related to the stomach and intestines.
Because abdominal migraine tends to be experienced in the family, the doctor will inquire about family members who experience migraine headaches.
Then, the doctor will eliminate other causes for gastric pain. The doctor will also see how appropriate your child's symptoms are with a specific list made by migraine experts.
If your doctor suspects that you have a stomach migraine, he or she may perform a thorough examination to determine this condition.
The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor for more information.
How to treat abdominal migraines?
Since not much is known of abdominal migraine, doctors will treat it like a migraine in general. They usually do not prescribe drugs unless the symptoms are severe or very frequent.
Drugs such as rizatriptan (Maxalt) and sumatriptan (Imitrex), called triptans have not been approved for use in children, although older children may be helped by using sumatriptan as a nose spray.
What can be done to overcome migraine belly?
With the help of parents and doctors, children with stomach migraine can find what triggers them. Keep a diary of the dates and times of abdominal migraines, what foods were consumed before, what to do before a stomach migraine occurs, whether they are taking drugs recently, and whether something is happening in their life that might make them depressed or If food is a trigger of stomach migraine, try to avoid the food.
However, this may not work for everyone. Children with abdominal migraines should undergo a fiber-rich nutritious diet. Other healthy habits, such as daily exercise and getting enough sleep, and teaching children how to control their emotions and overcoming problems, can also help.
If you have any questions, consult your doctor to understand the best solution for you.


RPX Coin Review: What Is Red Pulse Coin?
Encouraging vetted content producers to create research reports they're interested in.
But what's predicted for the RPX coin price?
And was the Red Pulse ICO one worth investing in?
In this coin review, you'll discover everything you need to know about RPX coin.
1. What Is RPX Coin?
1.1. What Is Red Pulse?
1.3. What Problem Is RPX Coin Solving?
2. Why Would Businesses Use RPX Coin?
2.2. What Sort Of Information Would Be Paid For With RPX Coin?
3. How Does RPX Coin Work?
6.1. Is RBX Coin A Good investment?
6.2. Is RBX Coin A Bad investment?
So what's RPX coin going to be used for?
Well, RPX coin is the actual token used on the platform to reward and incentivise people to distribute content.
Content could include research, white papers and useful reports.
It runs at the center of RPX's ecosystem, powering transactions on the blockchain. This would be used to compensate those who create the research.
Where information can be distributed from a wide range of sources.
This makes the information market a bit more transparent and varied.
Well, businesses will quickly receive the latest and most insightful market research.
And research producers are rewarded directly with RBX coin to incentivise their efforts.
Red Pulse is the actual content network.
So it's where the research and information is stored.
RPX coin acts kind of like a database.
Helping to moderate, manage and administer any content posted.
They'll also vet people before they can post on the network, because they only want authoritative authors who can produce credible content.
This in turn raises the value of the information they store.
Red Pulse's platform acts as a democratic voting network for content production.
So investors can create prompts on the platform, where they'll indicate the type of research they're looking for.
This gives content producers direct insight into what they should be producing - because they can cater exactly to their target market's needs.
And the more RPX that's donated towards creating a particular project, the higher the demand for that particular subject.
Customers of Red Pulse will also get the option for exclusive content rights - if they pay above a certain threshold in RPX coin.
So why would this be useful?
They'll get the latest research reports before anyone else.
They'll also have unique market insights that most people don't know about yet.
And because decisions are all about timing, this creates an opportunity to act before anyone else on the market.
Especially since it's rise as one of the globe's biggest economic powers.
But from the outside, China's investment market is a little complex.
Research and information is often quite difficult to decipher.
And this creates a disconnect, which Red Pulse is aiming to solve.
So content that's distributed on the Red Pulse network can be bought with RPX coin.
Meaning the smaller enterprises miss out and can't afford to compete.
Because they don't have the marketing resources or the influence to reach potential customers.
This creates problems because small businesses can't grow or compete, meaning major researchers gain a monopoly on the market.
Since they're limited to a few big players on the market.
Because businesses don't get access to the kind of consumer research they need.
Also, RPX coin has an algorithm that uses machine learning technology called the Cloud Event feed.
Investment markets rely on news.
And new events can trigger opportunities and threats within the market.
This machine learning also ranks new events in terms of priority, relative to the topics in demand (mentioned above).
The order of the information displayed is ranked via machine learning.
This creates a more relevant feed.
And users can quickly sift through information based on it's importance and priority.
Basically, because knowledge is power.
And RPX Coin's platform is designed to fuel that knowledge.
With loads of information, research and reports about how to be a successful business in China.
The more information and data you have as a business, the more insights you gain.
Also, there's a lot of noise in China's reporting market.
It's hard for businesses and investors to understand what's a rumour and what's confirmed.
RPX coin is proposing a different system.
Where you can openly and transparently find credible research from highly vetted sources.
Therefore this allows investors to make stronger businesses decisions based on the information they receive.
Plus, there's so much information released in China.
This creates a situation of paralysis by analysis.
And where the most valuable information is.
And within it, you'll be able to quickly sift out the information you need.
All without suffering from information overload.
Linking potential investors to useful information about the economy.
And so they can deliver a better service to their customers.
So Red Pulse's value could quickly grow.
So basically, any type of market intelligence information that's focused on China's economy and the latest news about China.
Red Pulse works in several stages.
So content is curated from all over the web as soon as it's posted online.
So it's like a shortlist of credible authors on the web.
Red Pulse have stated that this could involve hundreds of websites online.
So if the content isn't relevant or a useful addition to the RPX coin database, then it's removed.
If content has highly opinionated insights, then it's removed from the Red Pulse platform.
Because it's no longer factual - and could be misinterpreted by it's users.
So rather than reading really theoretical news reports that don't advise of the next steps, RPX coin will only host content that's highly actionable and practical to it's users.
It's like a Blinkist version of market research.
Once you've paid the fee to join Red Pulse (this is paid in RPX coin), you'll get an all you can read buffet of information.
Why is this a benefit for RPX coin users?
Note: bitCNY is another cryptocurrency tied to China's economy.
Check out my bitCNY coin review here.
There's also a mobile app for Red Pulse.
So you can access RPX coin on the go.
Their app is available to download from the Play and iOS stores.
It also comes with push notifications, so you can receive updates as soon as information is released on the platform.
There's a few reasons why RPX coin is created on the blockchain, and not with traditional fiat currency.
So let's take a look at the main reasons why RPX coin could be a useful cryptocurrency.
So most consumers on the platform will be based in international markets.
Their blockchain based payment system allows a more efficient form of payment, where everyone gets a better deal by paying with RPX coin.
So let's say you have investors in Europe, who are interested in transitioning to the Chinese market.
If they're paying from Euros into Chinese Yuan, everybody's slice of the pie is going to get smaller because of the banking logistics involved.
Overall, by the time the money's cleared, every party involved in the transaction has received less money than they should have.
And that's mainly because of banking.
It's therefore a more efficient deal that also saves time by cutting out the middleman.
The RPX coin blockchain is a little more transparent than existing ways of buying research data.
Because on Red Pulse's public ledger, you can see every RPX coin transaction on the blockchain.
If you buy research from a traditional research retailer, you never know how much the actual researcher producer has been paid.
Because you don't know if research producers are being compensated properly for their work.
Whereas with RPX coin, you can see on the public ledger how much each author was compensated for the research they produced.
It's undeniable, research takes time.
It's a long, complicated process where you need to ensure every fact you release is accurate, practical and actionable.
So as a content producer, you don't know if your research is going to sell.
It might be in demand - but it might not be too.
It's the risk you take spending your time creating research that might not sell.
And this research could take weeks or even months to produce.
So as a content producer, if you don't receive anything for the work, you're going to be left frustrated.
Whereas, with Red Pulse, you can see the exact topics that are in demand.
Topics are voted upon and staked with RPX coin, so content producers know there's a pot at the end of the rainbow.
It's kind of like an insurance.
Plus you don't have to research your customers - so it makes content production more time efficient.
And as the platform grows, so do the rewards for content producers.
Where the most in-demand topics are chosen by your main customers.
So why have Red Pulse decided to create a platform powered by RPX coin - and not Ethereum or Bitcoin for example?
After all, these coins have much bigger communities and it's easier to trade Ethereum than RPX coin.
Red Pulse have stated this is down to creating an ecosystem.
RPX are trying to build a brand and a community.
They want a long-term, brand loyal audience that understands how the RPX coin ecosystem works.
They're trying to become a recognized brand in the blockchain world, where people recognize that it's a convenient way to buy research.
And this therefore creates an ecosystem, where users are loyal to their community.
The RBX coin price prediction.
I'll start by reviewing the pros of Red Pulse.
If you look at the success of content apps like Blinkist, you can see that shortened, practical information is popular.
And there's definitely a demand for it.
They produce 10 minute long shortened infoproducts with action points - breaking down books that are already out there.
RBX coin is planning to do the same thing, but for informational reports instead.
However, I still have concerns about the uniqueness and value of RBX coin's content, which I've explained later.
The Government has a lot of surveillance set-up and information is highly censored.
Now I'm not going to comment on whether that's a good thing or not - it goes beyond the scope of the this RBX coin review.
No one knows what's true and what's not.
Just like how we have problems with fake news in the Western world, China struggles with this issue too.
So there is some value in creating a content platform that filters out highly opinionated content.
If you look at the monopoly major Chinese research companies have, you can see the need for RBX coin.
Because right now, the ecosystem of information is broken - and that creates problems.
So in terms of creating a more decentralized model where there's more transparency and trust for information, Red Pulse could be incredibly useful.
The amount of content pumped out every single day is unbelievable.
Every minute thousands of new blogs, videos and reports are published from around the world.
It's easier than ever to create a blog - and it's easier than ever to publish content too.
If you're investor, you want accurate, reliable information from credible sources.
And that means you have to sift out the unreliable content - which is 90% of it.
Most analysts are overloaded with information - and it'd be impossible to search through everything.
RPX coin is creating a content ecosystem where they cut out the fluff.
Why Do You Need RBX Coin?
I just can't see a clear use case for RBX coin.
But do you really need a blockchain application to pay researchers?
What's the benefit of their cryptocurrency?
And why not just use cash?
OK you can save a little money with transaction fees. But that's as far as it goes.
And why not use a more decentralized cryptocurrency like Ethereum or Bitcoin?
I actually checked RBX coin's white paper and I couldn't see any technical details regarding how their blockchain works.
Usually cryptocurrencies will discuss the technical details, algorithms and future updates of their blockchain.
RPX Coin's white paper doesn't really cover any of this.
Isn't There Enough Content On The Internet?
So do you really need another informational product like Red Pulse?
And can't businesses quickly sift out non-bias information themselves?
I can see RPX coin being useful, but not critical.
If you look at the success of content companies like Netflix and Blinkist, you can't find this type of content anywhere else for free on the web.
It's being released online for free and then they're just filtering it out a little bit to make it more user friendly for people to read.
If you want people to use your technology, you need to build a community that's engaged with the vision you're trying to create.
And for blockchain projects like Red Pulse, Reddit's one of the best places to build a community.
But when I checked the sub-Reddit for RPX coin, there's no active community.
There's lots of posts from their team, but no one's commenting.


text:
package ui_test

import (
	. "code.cloudfoundry.org/cli/util/ui"

	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo"
	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
)

var _ = Describe("SanitizeJSON", func() {
	It("sanitizes json", func() {
		raw := []byte(`{
			"mytoken": "foo",
			"next_level": {
				"next_pAssword_all": "bar",
				"again": {
					"real password ": "Don't tell nobody, it's banana",
					"testtokentest": "banana pants"
				}
			}
		}`)

		expected := map[string]interface{}{
			"mytoken": RedactedValue,
			"next_level": map[string]interface{}{
				"next_pAssword_all": RedactedValue,
				"again": map[string]interface{}{
					"real password ": RedactedValue,
					"testtokentest":  RedactedValue,
				},
			},
		}

		redacted, err := SanitizeJSON(raw)
		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
		Expect(redacted).To(Equal(expected))
	})
})


text:
The BT-50 is Mazda's only offering in the utility segment. It is an established model that has won numerous awards and gained a strong following all over the world.
The Kodo design-inspired Mazda BT-50 was first introduced to the South African market in 2012. It was launched as an Active Lifestyle Vehicle with modern and refined styling that defied the conventional workhorse image of a bakkie. The intent was to not only attract traditional business users, but to extend the appeal to a wide range of customers, including families and pleasure-seekers.
The BT-50 facelift is being introduced to further cater to those recreational buyers who enjoy both the outdoor and urban lifestyle by offering all the functionality required for business use, combined with passenger car-like comfort for family use.
In summary, the BT-50 offers refined expressive styling, a comfortable, high-quality interior, a smooth ride with the feel of a passenger car, sporty and responsive driving dynamics that reflect Mazda's DNA, and outstanding environmental and safety performance
The facelifted bakkie maintains the versatile practicality and exhilarating driving performance of the current models, while the design has been updated to give it a sportier and more powerful presence than ever before. New exterior styling incorporates a newly designed front face, redesigned side steps, rear combination lamps and 17-inch aluminium wheels.
The interior has also been refined to give a higher-quality feel with the addition of Bluetooth, steering wheel switches, and cruise control from the SLX model. The SLE model picks up new features that include a rear-view camera, an auto dimming mirror, and electrical driver seat adjustment.
The BT-50 double cab is available in the following derivatives: 2,2litre 4×2 SLE 6-speed manual, 3,2 litre 4×4 SLE 6-speed manual, and 3,2 litre 4×4 SLE 6-speed auto, as well as new model derivatives: 2,2 litre 4×2 SLX 6-speed manual, and 2,2 litre 4×2 SLE 6-speed auto.
The 2,2 litre engine boasts 110kW at 3700 revs/min and 375Nm at 1500 revs/min while using 7,6 litres / 100km.
The 3,2 litre mill produces 147kW at 300 revs/min and 470Nm at 1750 revs/min while using 9,3 litres/100km in manual guise, and 9,7 litres / 100km when equipped with the 6-speed automatic gearbox.
Convenience and safety features include six airbags, cruise control, Parking sensors, reverse camera, Load Adaptive Control, Trailer Sway Mitigation, and Roll over Mitigation, Hill Launch Assist and Hill Descent Control.
Produced and fully imported from the Auto Alliance plant in Thailand, the facelift offers seven exterior colour options.
The refined BT-50 has expressive styling, high-quality interior and outstanding driving dynamics that reflect Mazda's DNA. Coupled to a 3-year unlimited kilometre factory warranty, 3-year service plan and 3-year roadside assistance, the BT-50 offers great value and levels of equipment for those looking to stand out in a parking lot littered with Fords and Toyotas.