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The Law and Practice of the Game of Euchre (1862)
Written by: A. Professor
Laws Of Euchre - CHAPTER 6
The Laws of Euchre should be carefully studied by every player who desires to become an accomplished adept in this fascinating game. The laws, here compiled, are observed and approved by the best players, and are supposed to determine every case which may occur in play. They should be enforced in the strictest sense, on all occasions, never deviating from them in the slightest manner yourself, and requiring your adversaries, with proper courtesy, of course, also to respect them; for, if a player is to be permitted to act as he chooses to indicate by signs or remarks to his partner the character of the cards he holds or to play a card and take it back or other similar impropriety you might as well sit down to the table and play at Jack Straws. In some few instances the laws may appear too rigid, but experience demonstrates to all skillful players the absolute necessity of adhering undeviatingly to the provisions they are, designed to enforce the law in such case made and provided for the integrity of the game must be strictly preserved. Dura lex, sed lex. By a careful observance of the laws, moreover, the unpleasant disputes and altercations which so often interrupt and mar the merriment of a card party, will be entirely obviated.
Law 1. Each player must cut for the deal, the two highest and the two lowest become partners, and he who cuts the lowest card is entitled to the deal. Should the lowest cards cut be of similar value, it is a tie as respects them, and those parties must cut again. If the person cutting should show two cards instead of one, he must be deemed to have cut the highest, or if he let fall a card from the pack, face up, that card must be considered his cut. Each party cuts, and shows the bottom card of those he has lifted from the pack. In cutting, the cards rank as at Whist, the Ace being the lowest.
Law 2. The cards must be shuffled by the dealer and cut by his right-hand opponent. The latter has also the privilege of shuffling them, and if he does, the dealer, who is always entitled to the last shuffle, may shuffle them anew if he chooses. After the cards have been cut for the deal, however, no one, except the dealer, can touch the pack previous to dealing
Law 3. In cutting for the deal, three cards at least must be lifted from the pack, and not fewer than four must be left upon the table. The dealer should never hold the pack in his hand, when presenting it for the cut, but should place it on the table near his right-hand adversary.
Law 4. In dealing, five cards are distributed to each player, either by three and two, or by two and three, in two rounds; but the dealer must continue to follow whichever mode he at first adopts, and should he depart from it, either of the adverse parties may, before looking at his cards, require a fresh deal.
Law 5. If a card is faced, or is turned in dealing unless it is the twenty-first, or trump card, the pack must be shuffled anew and a fresh deal made; but the dealer does not lose his privilege. Should the dealer show more than one card in turning up the trump card the deal is likewise void, and he must deal anew
Law 6. Should either of the dealer's opponents, during the deal, expose a card to view, the dealer may have a fresh deal, or not, at his option, but he must decide before looking at his own cards. If his partner exposes a card, either of the adversaries, in like manner, may, before the trump is turned up, require a new deal.
Law 7. No player is permitted to take up, or to look at, his cards during the deal, and should a misdeal ensue in consequence of such impropriety, the dealer does not lose his privilege, and may deal anew. It must be considered a misdeal, however, if his partner commits the fault.
Law 8. When too few or too many cards are dealt, if the mistake can be rectified, and the proper order of the distribution of the cards ascertained, before the trump card is turned up, the deal is valid; but if the error is not discovered until after the trump card is turned up, the deal is forfeited, and passes to the next player.
Law 9. If the cards are dealt by a player who is not entitled to the deal, and the error is discovered before he looks at his cards, though the trump card be turned, that deal is null, and the cards must be restored to the player entitled to the deal, even if the eldest-hand, or either of the other players, adopts the trump. If the dealer has discarded and the eldest-hand has led, however, the mistake cannot be corrected.
Law 10. If, in any deal, the pack is ascertained to be imperfect, by containing too many, or too few cards of the proper value in either suit, that particular deal is void, but all the games, or points, made in the preceding deals with the same pack are valid; and the deal in which the error is discovered is not forfeited.
Law 11. The trump card must be left in view on the talon by the dealer, after discarding, until it is his turn to play, when he may remove it to his hand. After he has taken up the trump card no player has a right to demand what particular card was turned up, although he may ask what is the trump suit.
Law 12. Whenever a misdeal occurs the deal is forfeited, and the opponent on the left of the dealer becomes entitled to the deal.
Law 13. Each person, in playing, should place his card on the table immediately before him, but if this practice should not be pursued no player has a right to ask who played a particular card, although he may require the other players to draw their cards before them.
Law 14. If the eldest-hand leads before the dealer has discarded, he cannot withdraw his card and change his lead, nor can the dealer, at any time before completing his discard, be deprived of his right to Play Alone. The discard is not completed until the dealer places his card under the talon, or on the table, and has quitted it; and when the dealer has once quitted the discarded card he cannot change it.
Law 15. If a player leads, or plays, out of turn, he may be compelled to withdraw his card, subject to the penalty of the call; if it causes an error in the play of any other party that player may withdraw his card without penalty ; but, in the case of an improper lead, if four cards have been played before the error is discovered the lead is good, and the player winning the trick is entitled to the next lead.
Law 16. Any card which is separated from those in hand and has touched the table, is deemed to have been played even if the face be downward though if a card is played to a lead of a suit different from the one led, it may be taken up, subject to the call, and another of the proper suit played. But if the player should have none of the suit led, and plays a card which he did not intend, he is not permitted to take it up again after he has once quitted it.
Law 17. If a player plays two or more cards to a trick instead of one, the adverse parties have the right to compel him to play either one of the cards they please, without regard to the order in which they were played, and the other card, or cards, shown may be called in the subsequent tricks, like other exposed cards.
Law 18. No player is allowed to look at any of the tricks during the play of a hand, after they have been turned, except the last trick only.
Law 19. If any player plays with six or more cards, or, if the dealer plays and omits to discard, and fails to announce the fact before three tricks have been turned, such player or dealer cannot count the point, or points, made on their side, in that hand, and they lose the deal. But if the adverse party wins under such circumstances they are entitled to count all they make.
Law 20. If a player, designingly, or for any reason, places his cards on the table, faces turned up, he is not permitted to take them up again, and his adversaries may call each card like other exposed cards, except at Jambone, when the right to call is limited to the first trick. Thus if a player, sure of winning, exhibits his cards, his opponents can continue the play, and have the right to call each card so exposed. The penalty is the same if a player believing he has lost shows his cards in a similar way.
Law 21. Whenever a player, who is entitled to the privilege of making the trump, once names a suit, he cannot be permitted to change it, and should he, by mistake, name the suit turned down, it is equivalent to passing, and the right to make the trump then belongs to his left-hand opponent.
Law 22. A player intending to Play Alone must announce his determination to play without his partner in such an audible and distinct expression that no doubt must exist of his intention, for if his manner of announcing it is ambiguous, and a legal lead is made, by himself or an adversary, he loses the privilege of Playing Alone and must be compelled to play with his partner.
Law 23. Whenever a revoke occurs, whether from inattention or design, the adverse parties are entitled to add two points to their score.
Law 24. The revoke is not completed until the trick in which it has been made is turned and quitted, and the player committing the revoke, or his partner, has again played.
Law 25. If a player revoking perceives his error previous to the turning or quitting of the trick in which it has been made, he can withdraw his card from the trick and follow the suit led, but his left-hand antagonist may compel him to play the highest or the lowest card he holds of that suit; or, if it seems more advantageous to his side, he may call the card so exposed and taken back whenever it is the offending player's turn to play, or lead, in a subsequent trick.
Law 26. If the partner of a player, who has made a revoke, but has discovered it in time to correct it, has played to the trick, he is not permitted to change the card he has played, but the adversary who has played after the revoke occurred may withdraw his card from the trick without penalty, and play another, if he thinks it may give him an advantage.
Law 26. Should either of the adversaries mix the cards together when a revoke is alleged against them they incur the penalty of the revoke, and the players claiming it are entitled to score the two points.
Law 27. When the cards have been cut for a new deal, no party is entitled to claim the penalty of a revoke; and, in case of a reciprocal revoke in one hand, one error offsets the other and a fresh deal must be had.
Law 28. If a player shows, or exposes, cne or more of his cards, intentionally or by accident, the card or cards so shown may be called by an opponent, either as a lead, when the offending player's turn to lead, or to the exposed card's suit when led. A card is shown if it is purposely, or accidentally exposed, and either of the opposite players can distinguish its character, and name it. And a card may be called if the holder names or indicates that it is in his hand.
Law 29. A player called upon for an exposed card must play the card or submit to the penalty of a revoke.
Law 30. The right to call one, or more cards, improperly played or exposed, by an opponent, belongs only to the left-hand adversary of the offending player. And, in no case can such a card be called if it causes a revoke; nor, can the player entitled to call, require his opponent to throw away a commanding card to a lead of different suit, when holding no card of the suit led, whether he can trump it or not. If two or more players, in any one deal, expose a card, the law is the same.
Law 31. Neither adversary is permitted to call the attention of his partner to the state of the game at a Bridge, without forfeiting their right to order up, and the dealer, or his partner, may then Play Alone, or not, at the option of either.
Law 32. If the counter marks more points than he is entitled to score to the game, either adversary or a bystander even may call attention to the error, and the opponents are entitled to count to their score, the point, or points, which their adversaries erroneously added to theirs. But the error cannot be rectified after the trump card has been turned in the deal next ensuing that in which the error occurred. So if he fails to count, or counts fewer points than he is entitled to, he loses the right to score such point, or points, when the next deal is completed.
Law 33. Should a player from loss of temper or upon supposition that he has lost or won the proper number of tricks or from any other cause throw down his cards upon the table, with their faces turned up, he cannot take them in hand again, and his left hand adversary may call each card so exposed as he deems most advantageous to his side. Who leaves the game loses it, is a maxim of this as of all other games.
Law 34. Every species of unfairness is strictly prohibited ; and if a player, at any time between the turning up of the trump card and the playing of the last card of the deal, indicates to his partner the strength of his own hand, either by words or gestures; or advises him how to lead or play; or invites him to make a trump, by such expressions as " follow the rule," " make it something," or any similar phrase; or, asks any questions about the game except such as are specifically allowed by the Laws of Euchre, the adversaries shall immediately add one point to their game.
Law 35. In every case of a penalty which entitles one party to add a point, or more, to the score of their game for the revoke, or any other wrong practice in play, the offending party cannot count a point, or more, which they may have won in that deal or round in which the penalty was incurred; and the regular routine of the deal continues.
Law 36. Every penalty incurred by the misconduct of a player must be shared and submitted to by his partner for partners are mutually responsible for each other's faults.
Law 37. If a player, who has incurred a penalty imposed by a provision of any of the preceding Laws, refuses submission to such penalty, his opponents may immediately throw down their cards, and that game, at any state of the score, is declared to belong to them.
Chapter 1 - Preliminary
Chapter 2 - Mode of Playing
Chapter 3 - On Playing Alone
Chapter 4 - Lap, Slam, Jambone, and Jamboree
Chapter 5 - Technicalities
Chapter 6 - Laws
Chapter 7 - Hints to Tyros (Novice)


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Why not meet with us to discuss your business ?
You'll be glad to know that we speak the same language always keeping jargon to minimum. So let's meet and see if we click .
If you decide to sign up, we can build a bespoke package for your business, tailored from our broad range services.


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Home > People > Oksana Chefranova
Oksana Chefranova
Associate Research Scholar in Film and Media Studies
oksana.chefranova@yale.edu
Oksana Chefranova is an Associate Research Scholar in Film and Media Studies. She received her Ph.D. from the Department of Cinema Studies, Tisch School of the Arts, New York University. Her dissertation on Evgenii Bauer, one of the most imaginative, prolific, and aesthetically-innovative director of early cinema, was awarded the Jay Leyda Prize for excellence and originality of research. Before joining the Yale faculty, she taught classes at NYU on American avant-garde film, Surrealism, international silent cinema, and academic research & writing. At Yale, she teaches a core curriculum seminar Close Analysis of Film among other courses.
Currently, Oksana is working on her first book, From Garden to Kino: Evgenii Bauer, Cinema, and Genealogy of Built Environments in Russia Circa 1900. Offering a promenade through gardens, artificial ruins, fairgrounds, exhibition pavilions, theater stages, and film settings, the book examines a rich history of built environments in Late Imperial Russia through the prism of artistic output of Evgenii Bauer, whose movement across different media reveals a vital context surrounding the arrival of cinema. Grounded in rigorous archival research, the book redraws the map of early cinema as it analyzes the practices of designing milieu and image-making between 1878 and 1917, while arguing that the built environment traverses boundaries between the world of nature and culture, encapsulates philosophical and narrative systems, and serves as an epistemic tool for understanding paradoxes of modernity at the crisscross of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The research for this project was supported by the Andrew Mellon International Dissertation Research Fellowship (IDRF) of Social Science Research Council and the Torch Fellowship (NYU).
Recently, Oksana contributed a chapter "On Genealogy of Translucent Screen and Rehabilitation of the Ephemeral" to the volume Apparitions: The (Im)materiality of Modern Surface (Bloomsbury Press, 2019, Forthcoming) and a chapter "Breathing Faces, Twinkling Eyes: On Cinematic Visage in Russian Films of the 1910s" to Corporeality and Early Cinema: Viscera, Skin, and Physical Form (Indiana University Press, 2018). Her other projects and research interests focus on history and theory of camera movement, experimental film and art practice, landscape across media, cinema & contemporary visual arts, and new approaches to film style and aesthetics.
Complementing her academic work, Oksana has also been a curator in theater and multimedia in the Museum of Malyi Theater (Moscow, Russia) and a film curator in Moscow, New York, and Yale University. Embracing in her curatorial work both historical figures and recent tendencies, she looks at the present state of cinema as expanded and reshaped by diverse forms and contexts of new media environment and, through this expansion, addresses the dynamism and complexity of contemporary cinema. One of her continuous scholarly and curatorial interests is international women filmmakers, specifically the global explosion of films by female directors over the past decade.
Silent cinema & visual culture circa 1900; built environments and atmosphere; history and theory of camera movement; media archaeology; experimental film; cinema in the gallery; new media art; contemporary world cinema.
Ph.D., Cinema Studies, New York University, Awarded Distinction
M.A., Cinema Studies, New York University
B.A. and M.A., History of Art, Moscow State University

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Summer months mean the previously pleasant metro rides are now sweat-ridden with no escape route. Without realizing it, you might be contributing to the stench too.
The metro ride could be symbolic of your work and social life too. Imagine you hug your date goodbye and everything was great except she never texts you back. It was probably the stench she could feel when she hugged you.
The good old deo is the most basic and instinctive antiperspirant that you could use. It's always good to keep a spray-on deo handy. The spray hits the skin rather effectively than a roll-on antiperspirant and minimizes stains on shirts.
The stick is usually an effective & perfumed antiperspirant for men. Usually made of more natural ingredients, the stick offers long-lasting protection against odour & wetness. The stick leaves the skin clean, fresh & comfortable.
The antiperspirant gel, much like the stick, fights the sweat and the stink in different forms. Its liquid-like formula spreads effectively and these products more often than not come in a natural formula which is good for the skin too.
These wipes come super handy in times of crises. If you're having a bad day with your body odour and no amount deo spraying is helping you, use these wipes to get rid of the clingy odour.
Scented talc has two advantages: not only does it give you a lasting fragrance but more importantly, protects your pits against the sweat. The talc doesn't falter in giving deo-like protection, it's your dad's trusted weapon, trust it.
An antiperspirant roll-on dispenses product through a standard roller that spreads a layer on to your pit for lasting protection against sweat.


Think that using bar soap is the reserve of the aged? Think again. When it comes to maintaining the health of your skin, soaps have come a long way over the years and there are now plenty on the market created to target specific skin concerns. Got acne? There are facial soaps for that. Dry, flaky skin? There are ones for that too. Here are six we love that will lift dirt and grime, and help you on your quest for that lit-from-within glow.
This soap is not only a budget buy of note, but it contains antioxidant-rich rooibos as well as acne-busting salicylic acid which work together to clear pimples and brighten skin.
When it comes to skincare, Clinique knows their sh*t. This dermatologist-developed soap is available in three formulas to suit different skin types and also comes in a handy soap dish.
While Shea Moisture might be revered for their haircare products, their soaps are pretty darn amazing too. This one contains tropical ingredients coconut and hibiscus to brighten your complexion.
If your skin is feeling parched, it needs some TLC. And this soap bar is packed with it in the form of glycerine and shea butter, which help to fight intense dryness and restore moisture.
Struggle with red, inflamed skin? Not only is it not a good look, but it's uncomfortable as well. This soap contains soothing calamine lotion and chamomile extract to restore balance.
Love a multipurpose product as much as we do? Thought so, which is why this soap (suitable for your face and body) contains essential oils and clays, making it a definite must-have.


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I recently did a post about Meg from De Quelle Planète Est-Tu? and her love of photobooths. Through her I found another photobooth enthusiast in Paris who has blogged a list and map of locations of booths in that famous city.
The strip, above, is from her post You're on (not so) Candid Camera! which is where you will find all the details.
Thank you to Sylvia for permission to use her images.
a photobooth map of paris – how romantic!
It is. Even though the confines of a photo booth make the photos difficult to geographically place, it changes the whole context of the photo when I know where the booth is/was taken.
I agree. I try to record all that information on the photos that I make for my series but it is rare to find that information on vintage photos. When one does it opens up a whole new way of interpreting the image.
I'm honored to be mentioned here, and remember to smile for the camera!!!
Always smiling, me. Glad you like it, too.


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Our one off cleaning in Liverpool service, as we have already mentioned, is available on a very flexible schedule which on top of all else comes with high availability. You can have us sanitize your property at any time of the day, any day of the week. This includes weekends. Commercial clients prefer to have their offices sanitized at night, when there is no chance of disturbances of the work process. Naturally, we are ready to do that for you.
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Home-Furniture-Sale.com suggests Noir furniture, the Barrel Chair Octopus. Dark walnut. material walnut. Fabric upgraded linen. Design barrel chair. Upholstered upholstery. Genuine leather type. Faux leather type. Seat fill. Seat fill material..
Fabric natural. Contemporary style. wing chair comes with seat cushion, welt nailhead trim. wood. Design wingback chair.


A2 UNLEARN fear of the unknown, fear of future, fear of failure. We need to step out of the box and do it different not just become another church that does different but be the different.
What does it mean to unlearn church?
I think there is so much focus on the process of church, making sure everything looks and feels right; we forget that church is not about the building or even the programme, church is the people. What are we referring to when we talk about "church"?
What do we need to unlearn to see the vision pass?
If then we are focused on the processes rather than the people, do we need to unlearn the processes. That's not to say we devolve into chaos and lack of order, however our charge is to love God and love people.
When we look to make changes/improve what we do; do we look through our Christian eyes thay are used to the building, used to the atmosphere, used to the people or do we ask/think about how that person who is lost will really feel- how do we do that?
What do we think those not in church need to unlearn?
Do they need to unlearn anything? They will, at some point, how not to live addicted to alcohol / drugs etc for example. Thankfully we have the Holy Spirit to guide on this one.


The Adults with Incapacity Act offers a range of options to allow decisions to be made for those who lack capacity.
In general, a power of attorney (POA) is used to provide for the situation where someone might become unable to make decisions in the future. It is now standard to draft these alongside wills.
It's important that everyone with capacity considers granting a POA as it avoids the need for a more complicated guardianship application at a later date.
The key thing to remember about a POA is that you can't 'take out' a POA in relation to someone else. It's something that must be granted by the individual at a time when they have capacity to understand the document they are signing.
A POA is also very useful when someone is diagnosed with a progressive illness like dementia. They may also be good for people with mental health conditions where they may have fluctuating capacity.
The Appointee scheme operates separately from the AWI Act but, where a person lacks capacity and their only income is from state benefits, it may suffice. An exception would be where a person is considering direct payments or they receive funding from the Independent Living Fund (ILF).
An appointee is appointed by the DWP to look after benefits. An appointee can be an individual (often a family member) or an organisation (known as a 'corporate appointee').
Before being appointed, the DWP will check that the prospective appointee is 'fit & proper' and that the claimant does indeed lack the capacity to deal with their own benefits.
An appointee only has the authority to deal with benefits and not any other contracts, including tenancy or care agreements etc.
This measure is also known as 'withdrawers scheme', 'access to funds' or 'intromission with funds'.
This is used by individual and organisations to manage money and is more straightforward than financial guardianship.
Where someone has never had capacity or they have lost capacity to make decisions for themselves and they haven't previously granted a POA, a Guardianship or Intervention Order may be needed.
An intervention order is appropriate to deal with one-off decisions or actions. For example, to buy or sell a property.
Where there is likely to be a need for continuing intervention in someone's affairs, a Guardianship Order may be suitable.
Orders can be granted to authorise somebody to be responsible for finances and/or matters relating to the personal welfare of the adult.
An application for an Intervention or Guardianship Order has to be made to the Sheriff Court.
Applications for welfare powers are automatically eligible for Legal Aid and are not means-tested.
The Adults with Incapacity Act sets out some basic principles. These rules must be followed by anyone who takes any kind of action or makes decisions under the Act.
You must encourage and allow the person to make their own decisions as far as possible and to develop the skills to do so.


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(i) Gay male self-help etc.
Whittier, David Knapp, and Rita M. Melendez (2003). Intersubjectivity in the Intrapsychic Sexual Scripting of Gay Men. Culture, Health & Sexuality, Volume 6, Number 2, March-April, pp. 131-143.
McInnes, D., J. Bradley, et al. (2011). Responsibility, risk and negotiation in the discourse of gay men's group sex. Culture, Health & Sexuality 13(1): 73-87.
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Book traversal links for d) Gay male sexualities
‹ c) Lesbian sexualities
(i) Gay male self-help etc. ›


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Visualizing the future demand and revitalization of Miami, Catherine began her career in Real Estate in 2001. Initially with Stacy Robins Companies, followed by Fortune International Realty from 2002 to 2006. She established herself in luxury Residential Real Estate and became a front runner and director in Development Real Estate. Her management and marketing experience found an ideal platform to thrive upon. In 2006 Catherine opened her own boutique Luxury Real Estate Brokerage, CNR Properties. The CNR team specialized in distinctive Luxury Residential and Development Real Estate, becoming Investment Real Estate specialists during the housing bubble. Catherine's ability to anticipate market trends consistently enable her Buyers, Sellers, and Investors excellent opportunities whether in up, evolving, or volatile markets.
In 2012, as Miami's emergence into a vibrant, more gentrified International metropolis began to enfold, Catherine joined the globally powerful Sotheby's brand to offer her high end clients the utmost in Real Estate resources, international network, and sophisticated marketing expertise. "They stand alone at the top of the Luxury Real Estate pyramid", according to Catherine. "They are always one step ahead, consistently cutting edge, the quintessential International Real Estate Company. The volume of luxury properties, offices, and associates throughout the world, in addition to the expanse of resources and time tested marketing advantages Sotheby's offers, is unprecedented. Its amusing to see established local companies adapting to their methods of marketing, essentially following their lead."
Miami is an international, vibrant epicenter in the midst of resurgence. It is also an upscale resort community with exceptional amenities and some of the most elite zip codes in the nation. Sotheby's unparalleled global presence, sophisticated, and innovative approach is the company that best represents the bright future of Miami and Miami Beach Luxury Real Estate.
Raised in the Midwest, Catherine lived in Paris, Milan, London, Chicago, Los Angeles, Zurich, Hamburg, Munich, Madrid, Barcelona, and New York City prior to settling in Miami Beach. Her journey from an international model, to an entrepreneurial business owner, onto a successful Real Estate career, exemplifies her hard work and determination. She has lived on Miami Beach's Sunset Islands since 1990, served many years on the board, and has been pro active on important issues that enhance her community. Catherine enjoys entertaining, cooking, the beach, boating, the occasional adventure, sampling new restaurants, and most of all, hanging out with her two lovely daughters.


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At the tip of the 500-meter-long Moll de Barcelona, the trade center preserves the silhouettes of waterfront landmarks against the sky while providing a boldly emblematic building appropriate to its location at the heart of the city's old port.
The complex is designed not as a single large structure but as a cluster of four curved buildings framing generous public spaces. Grouped around an interlocking arrival forecourt, an inner courtyard with retail arcades, and an elevated central patio, the trade center occupies three of the segments, while a hotel occupies the fourth. Beyond this lies a tree-lined promenade, echoing the historic Ramblas nearby and linking the complex with the larger port and surrounding city.
Echoing local tradition, the gangway level serves as a piano nobile with a central patio surrounded by passenger halls, providing access to ships and support spaces. Horizontal bands of windows are reminiscent of those on ocean liners.
A raised, covered walkway running the length of the pier connects ferry terminals with those at the base of the Trade Center. This linking structure doubles as a public promenade overlooking the old port.


text:
COVID Cases Inflated for Profit: 'The Guy Went in for Multiple Gunshot Wounds and he was Coded as COVID'
Jeanne Stagg, a whistleblower who worked in Inpatient Utilization Management, approached Project Veritas after seeing cases coded as COVID-19 that she says should not have COVID-19 listed as the "primary diagnosis."
Stagg: "I've tried to raise awareness to my leadership and even with the Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Department, and it just kind of fell on deaf ears."
The Chief Medical Officer for United Healthcare of Louisiana (Medicaid) opined in a recorded phone conversation that the Medicaid rate for reimbursement of COVID-19 patients, which is faster and significantly higher, could be the motivation for the improper "primary diagnosis" codes.
"Oh, yes. Yeah. I would think that there's some motivation that it's driving higher rates of reimbursement or quicker reimbursement, or something, because otherwise there's no reason to put, you know, something like that as a leading diagnosis in an asymptom-- basically asymptomatic patients," said Dr. Morial, Chief Medical Officer for United Healthcare of Louisiana.
The Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals has suspended utilization review which is the process of determining whether health care is medically necessary for a patient or an insured individual. The whistleblower says this could be a major contributing factor to spikes in COVID numbers, which then influence public health decisions.
[Baton Rouge, La. – Feb. 2, 2022] A source who works for United Healthcare of Louisiana's Inpatient Utilization Management Department is blowing the whistle on COVID-19 cases possibly being inflated for financial incentive. The brazen instance of such potential abuse was a patient who had multiple gunshot wounds with his primary diagnosis listed as COVID-19.
United Healthcare of Louisiana is the states' Medicaid arm, and as the whistleblower Jeanne Stagg points out in a conversation with the Chief Medical Officer of United Healthcare of Louisiana, Dr. Julie Morial, there are several financial incentives for hospitals to prefer to code patients as COVID-19 hospitalizations.
"Well maybe that's… maybe that's driving some of the motivation," said Dr. Morial before stating that the Medicaid rate for reimbursement of COVID-19 patients is both higher and faster.
Project Veritas also published footage of a leadership call within United Healthcare of Louisiana wherein the whistleblower's attempt to discuss the improper primary diagnoses she is seeing was dismissed.
A major element of this story is the fact that recent actions by public officials have allowed the problem to persist, and the whistleblower believes erroneous codes could be the cause of COVID-19 spikes which influence major public health decisions.
A health plan advisory, which announced that all utilization management for all medical hospitalizations [including but not limited to initial service authorization and concurrent reviews], must be suspended was the action taken -- which is in question.
"Now, this is not specific to COVID-19. This is every single hospital admission. We're not allowed to do medical necessity review. So, it gives the hospitals free reign to admit anything they want. Code it however they want," says the whistleblower, Jeanne Stagg.
United Healthcare of Louisiana's Dr. Morial was contacted for comment on this story and said, "When I see a patient, and if a patient is presenting other symptoms that aren't suggestive of a COVID infection, even though they may test positive for COVID, that's not my primary diagnosis."
About Project Veritas
James O'Keefe established Project Veritas in 2010 as a non-profit journalism enterprise to continue his undercover reporting work. Today, Project Veritas investigates and exposes corruption, dishonesty, self-dealing, waste, fraud, and other misconduct in both public and private institutions to achieve a more ethical and transparent society and to engage in litigation to: protect, defend and expand human and civil rights secured by law, specifically First Amendment rights including promoting the free exchange of ideas in a digital world; combat and defeat censorship of any ideology; promote truthful reporting; and defend freedom of speech and association issues including the right to anonymity. O'Keefe serves as the CEO and Chairman of the Board so that he can continue to lead and teach his fellow journalists, as well as protect and nurture the Project Veritas culture.
Project Veritas is a registered 501(c)3 organization. Project Veritas does not advocate specific resolutions to the issues raised through its investigations. Donate now to support our mission.


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At the center of your tooth is pulp. Pulp is a collection of blood vessels that helps to build the surrounding tooth. Infection of the pulp can be caused by trauma to the tooth, deep decay, cracks and chips. Symptoms of the infection can be identified as visible injury or swelling of the tooth, sensitivity to temperature or pain in the tooth and gums. Infections can also sometimes be identified on dental x-rays even with no symptoms of pain.
After treatment, a restoration is placed on the tooth. This can be a filling or often a crown to strengthen the tooth.


Finally! We have definitely gone big on opening night with Ballast Point Brewing & Spirits pint night with a huge tap takeover and meet the brewer!
Owner Brad Trapnell talks about What's On Tap and the ever growing connections to the community of Highland Village.
Cubs and Indians fans have been crying in their beer for a combined 176 years. Why not stop by and hoist one for all those poor souls who not only have cheered on in futile misery...but also have to live up north!
Exercise your constitutional right! GuideLive is on the hunt for your favorite craft beer bar. We've made the Top 32! You can vote once every 12 hours.
What's On Tap wins Best Craft Beer Selection! Thank you for your votes and continued support!
What's on Tap, a craft-beer "cafe" that currently has one location in the Denton County community of Highland Village, is expanding south.
Brad Trapnell spent 15 years working in corporate America. One day, he decided to quit and open the first craft beer bar in Highland Village dedicated to selling growlers — a "to-go" container for craft beer.
A beer connoisseur would find What's On Tap in Highland Village the perfect hangout. A novice would be intrigued by how much there is to learn about beer.
Highland Village residents can count on "hoppy" holidays this December when the suburb's first growler shop, What's On Tap, opens in a new development on FM 407, just a mile from the Shops at Highland Village.


The pressure vessel of a boiler is usually made of steel, or historically of wrought iron. Stainless steel, especially of the austenitic types, is not used in wetted parts of boilers due to corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.
However, ferritic stainless steel is often used in superheater sections that will not be exposed to boiling water, and electrically-heated stainless steel shell boilers are allowed under the European "Pressure Equipment Directive" for production of steam for sterilizers and disinfectors.


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text:
En bankdag är en dag när banker i allmänhet har öppet. I Sverige avser en bankdag helgfria måndagar till fredagar med vissa undantag. Dagar som inte räknas till svensk bankdag är bland annat midsommarafton, julafton och nyårsafton. Termen bankdag används ofta vid ränteberäkning, vanligt förekommande är att tillgodoränta börjar räknas först nästa bankdag.

Detta får till effekt att om en insättning görs en fredag får man ränta på det insatta beloppet först från måndagen. Förehavandet kan tyckas lite märkligt, men banken kan å andra sidan inte själv placera pengarna och få avkastning på det insatta beloppet förrän på måndagen eftersom de flesta finansiella marknader håller stängt över helgen.

Referenser

Bankväsen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Flagellants and 'Kristos' of Lent: Simple folks keep the faith
Posted byJboy Gonzales SJ 29 Apr 2010 9 Apr 2020 Posted inReligious Practices, spirituality, Spirituality & PrayerTags:catholic, flagellants, holy week, panata, religion, rituals
If there is any liturgical season in the Philippines that has character and culture, it is Lent. We hear the pabasa, with chants that date back centuries ago. Spectacular processions and rituals are performed during the season. But on Good Friday, everyone leaves his various concerns and participate in the very death of Christ: the Seven Last Words, the Good Friday service, the procession around town, and in some provinces like Bicol, the Soledad when the Mater Dolorosa retraces the processional path back to the church.
It is the Catholic way of going through slices of what Christ went through for love of us. True, we are called upon to feel as the Lord felt, to love as the Lord loved. But we are not required to literally undergo the physical pains. Not the flogging, nor the carrying of the cross, least of all the crucifixion.
Christ literally imitated
But even as most of us are devoted to our imitation of Christ, others are driven to push its interpretation literally. Thus, we get to see the penitensiya, where the flagellants honor the death of Christ by flogging themselves or having others whip them. We see them moving around town with torsos bare and their backs bloodied. And often, a companion would incise their swollen back muscles with a broken glass as in Bulacan, or with a razor as in Laguna.
While being whipped, lashed and gashed, the penitents would visit holy places like chapels or homes where the pabasa or the pasyon is chanted. And when it is over, usually at noontime, they would rush to the nearest body of water to bathe themselves. In Mindoro, they rush to the sea. They say salt water heals their wounds. And many of them quickly return to their daily chores including playing basketball with their friends in the afternoon.
In some parts of Laguna, boys would wrap themselves in banana leaves and roll on the ground to feel the smoldering summer heat roasting the road, then prostrate themselves in the form of the cross. And then their companion (taga-sunod) would whip their buttocks. Compared to the penitensiya, this type called tinggulong, is less bloody, but no less painful.
However, those who go through flogging and the tinggulong stop short at being nailed to the cross.
There are penitents who do, if only for a few minutes. These are called the 'Kristos." Those who take their panata to the extreme.
Taking imitation to the extreme
Blood seems to be critical in crucifixion (as well as in flagellation).
The more blood coming out from their sacrifice, the more likely they are to reach a trance-like state. They find themselves floating or flying and many would faint or seem to faint. Fr. Jaime Bulatao SJ, who teaches para-psychology at the Ateneo de Manila University, confirms that in an altered state of consciousness, a person in a trance may appear to faint or to lose consciousness (nawawalan ng malay).
These extreme penitents, nevertheless, would make sure that the nails are drenched in alcohol or they would take antibiotics to prevent tetanus. And yes, as soon as the nails are driven to their hands and feet, they are taken away right away, for fear they may die in the process.
The participants of these rituals are not male-dominated. Females are known to do the penitensiya or the tinggulong especially in Bulacan or the world-renowned mystical place at Mount Banahaw. They wear the robes of the Black Nazarene and sometimes with curly wigs over their hair. In some parts, hoods cover their heads or flowers decorate their crown of thorns.
One female Kristo is Lucia Reyes. She says she prefers to have more blood expelled in the ritual because it is cleansing.
What brings the Kristos into these bloody rituals?
Jesuit origin of flagellatio
According to Fr. Rene Javellana SJ. when the Jesuits came to the Philippines, they taught the new converts the Jesuit way of life, which included the practice of Jesuit discipline. Jesuit discipline traced its inspiration to the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius. In the 3rd Week of the Exercises when we contemplated on the Passion of Christ, Ignatius left a note to consider: if inspired to feel as the Lord felt in His Passion, we were given the choice to feel it literally. Thus, the use of the flagellatio and/or the catena. You whip yourself with the flagellatio while praying, or you put the chains with protruding thorns (catena) around your thighs so that when you walk you feel its discomfort. By doing so, you share the sufferings of Christ.
Fr. Javellana went on to say that the locals took to the practice readily, but eventually added their own to the practice. The attitude was still part of Jesuit discipline. Ignatius said, if you are to do something for Christ, choose the stricter way. So, not just the flagellatio but the crucifixion.
Very Pinoy and panata-based
Behind every penitensiya today is a vow called a panata.
Fernando N. Zialcita said in his article in the book, Cuaresma, that "faced with a serious problem, the devotee promises the Almighty a painful sacrifice in exchange for help." (Cuaresma, p. 155)
At the very least, we find this panata close to the consciousness of the Filipino. In exchange for passing the bar exams, many law students who used to claim to disdain religion or even doubt the existence of God, would return to church, attend mass daily, light candles in churches who honor St. Jude or Sta. Rita, the patrons of impossible cases. They would promise never to disrespect God in exchange for passing the bar exams. In other words, they are willing to throw away their old lifestyles for something they value more. Magnify this, and you get a picture of the consciousness of those who are willing to literally sacrifice for something or someone they love.
And so the penitent becomes a devotee. They know whom they are devoted to that they are willing to give their lives and to suffer in order that the people they love gain back their health or restore their lives into normalcy. The penitent therefore flog themselves to show the sincerity and authenticity of their deepest desires for their loved ones or to fulfill their promise to the Lord after receiving what they have longed for. It is, in many ways, a show of their debt of gratitude (utang na loob) to a very generous and loving God. Our culture has it that a big favor granted should be reciprocated with an equal or a greater amount of sacrifice.
Priestly ambivalence
The attitude of the church to these Lenten practices is ambivalent. As a priest, I feel the same. On one hand, I frown at the literal interpretation of it and cringe at the sight of blood literally dripping from their backs to the road that willingly sips whatever liquid it could find on the hottest day of the year. To me, atoning for one's sins does not have to reach that far: a mild deprivation such as abstinence and fasting, a few minutes in the confessional, and some meaningful work of charity are enough remedy to free ourselves from the enslavement of sin.
Personally I would give my whole life at the service of people, but not to be crucified literally as Jesus did. Judge me as having a little faith, but that's it.
On the other hand, I find the extent and intensity of these penitents' fervor laudable and personally humbling. Compared to them, I may indeed be a lesser Christian. If I can't do what they do on Good Friday or on any Fridays in the season of Lent, then there is more to it than what I see. Many of these penitents do not belong to the higher echelons of society. Neither are they educated in the halls of Theology or Liturgy.
People's sense of faith
But Church history and Ecclesiology tell us that when the hierarchy was plagued by scandals and the men and women of the church wavered in their effort to explain the faith, the laity in which these penitents and participants belong to, preserved and carried the faith when the leaders of the church could not. In the past, when priests were not able to go the farthest barrios, the simple folk devised their pabasa, so that they were able to read and sing Christ's Passion Narratives. With the phrasing and simple melodies of the Pasyon's chants, they embedded in their memory the Scriptures, like the people of the Old Testament did with their oral traditions. So that even within the limits of their knowledge, they were able to build their lives according to Christ. They were able to do what St. Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits, urged us to pray for: to inwardly feel what the Lord felt in His life in order to follow Him more closely.
In the Philippine Lenten observance, Ignatius' words were not just done in imagination.
Today, these rituals and the people who perform the penitensiya or the tinggulong witness to Divine Providence. When Church leaders fail, the Lord sees to it that His Word does not go down the drain with them. The people keep the faith, and in our experience, adds to it even if it diverges from the teachings and practice of the church. In Latin, we call this phenomenon, sensus fidei: the people's sense of the faith.
In the greater scheme of things, it is God whose plan He carries out and no one, not even Church leaders, can curtail its fulfillment.
Reinerio A. Alba, Lent, the Filipino Way
Nawalan ka na ba ng Direksiyon sa Buhay?
How We Share the Passion of Christ on Good Friday
2 thoughts on "The Flagellants and 'Kristos' of Lent: Simple folks keep the faith"
tiffany and co says:
It is my first time on this site and I am really enthusiastic to find so many good articles. I think it's just very good.
9 Apr 2020 at 3:27 pm
Hi Tiffany! Sorry for this super late reply. I wrote this in blogspot, but I have transferred to wordpress to host my blog. Thank you very much for this comment. I appreciate it deeply. Hope you keep safe when we are all on quarantine because of Covid19. Prayers promised.


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Chiang Mai province will stage its traditional New Year countdown celebration despite some other provinces have reported more COVID-19 cases.
Director of Public Health Promotion Division Chiang Mai Municipality Danai Sarapruek said the province is not banning New Year events due to the significant economic impact of doing so.
But organizers must inform the provincial administration of the activities they are planning to carry out, as Mr. Danai said.
He also said that the municipality has measures in place to control the virus. Besides, visitors from Samut Sakhon must be quarantined for almost two weeks once they arrive in Chiang Mai, as it is a new hotspot of the novel coronavirus.
However, people from other provinces are not required to comply with quarantine, Mr. Danai explained.
Provincial public health department chief, Chatuchai Maneerat reassured the public that the communicable disease committee is implementing stringent measures to control the spread of the infections.
It was reported that people in three sub-districts of Mae Ai, Malika, and Tha Ton face travel restrictions.
Dr. Chatuchai said that the decision was taken after public health authorities found that a COVID-19 patient in Ayutthaya province has traveled from Tha Ton.
Meanwhile, in Bangkok, governor Aswin Kwanmuang announced measures to prevent the spread of the virus and control the pandemic in the capital. Markets public parks, temples, and leisure venues must comply with the measures -they are effective until January 15, 2021.
Authorities in the capital city are paying close attention to COVID-19 cases related to migrant workers.
Samut Sakhon has implemented severe measures until January 3, 2021. The Central Shrimp Market and Si Muang dormitory, both hotspots of coronavirus cases, have been entirely sealed off.
Moreover, authorities ordered to temporarily close sport stadiums, playgrounds, nurseries, and academic institutions. Restaurants should open for takeout only and convenience stores have to close between 10:00 p.m. and 5:00 a.m.
Meanwhile, in Samut Songkhram, some establishments considered "at-risk" have to close on Wednesday until January 4, 2021.
The measure includes service establishments, cockfighting, and betta fish fighting rings, karaoke bars, movie theaters, gaming cafes, spas, nurseries, massage parlours and all types of academic institutions.
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Catherine is 16 and was born to a family of 4. They were three siblings to a single mother. Her two siblings however died from complications due to HIV when they were still young making her the only surviving child to her mother. Like her siblings Catherine was infected at birth and has been living with her aunt for most of her childhood due to her mum's poor health.
Catherine started her primary education before she dropped out of school in standard six due to lack of school fees. Her guardian was unable to pay for the required fees for tuition and school uniform. When she dropped out of school Catherine started working as a domestic worker before she met a good Samaritan who paid for her back to school.
The support did not last for long as her sponsor was unable to continue providing the money. The school allowed her to sit for her final primary school examination on condition that she will clear the school fees arrears before she picks her certificates.
Catherine currently lives with her mother. She has been out of school for one year.
We paid the arrears and got her attend private coaching in the same school to prepare her for secondary school intake come next year. We were also able to secure her a chance at Secondary School in Kisumu but she will have to go through an interview in January before she is admitted.
We bought Catherine books and school shoes and a bag. We wait for the interview results to know how much will be required once she joins secondary school.


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You will remember my incredible adventure back in late May when I flew to NYC to meet with other men bloggers to talk with Gillette about their then-to-be-released ProGlide at Yankee's Stadium. I learned so much about the science of shaving that day. After two hours, we then went and watched the Yanks get beaten by the Blue Rays.
So when I got a call Friday saying Jason and Adam were going to be in Austin, all I needed to know from Gillette was where to meet them. (They did put two tanks of gas in my car to get me to and from…) They had decided upon The La Zona Rosa where Edward Sharpe and The Magnetic Zeros were playing. I'd never heard "Home" before, but now, given that I used to live in Alabama, I keep hearing Jade singing, "Alabama Arkansas, I do love my ma and pa…" You'll hear Adam do his version in the video.
We'd hoped to have the shaving station on display across the street from La Zona Rosa, but it wasn't meant to be. Nonetheless, we were able to meet with many of the guys standing around the area waiting for the show, and gave them free ProGlides. The irony is that it doesn't look like Edward Sharpe has shaved, let alone had a haircut or maybe even bathed, in weeks, so when it came to the bands fans hanging out for the show, several of them didn't have shaving on their minds either.
I really have enjoyed my ProGlide and I've been tempted to set up the camera in the bathroom and do a video using it. But so far, I've saved you all from seeing that!
But like I've noted here before, I have enjoyed the vibrating function of the razor. The new blade configuration lifts each hair to cut it closer and closer and I've been getting the smoothest shaves over the past month. And what used to happen whenever I previously would pull out one of those disposable razors–gashes in my face, has been eliminated. I have four times more cutting power on my face and have yet to injure myself.
Jason and Adam are two of the coolest guys I've met in a long time. They really do have the coolest job in America. And like I've mentioned with my friends Carly from Indiana, etc. they're living a great life adventure every day. And you can tell that in just how they talk, act and hey, Adam even broke out this four-foot-long skate board and took it for a spin there in front of La Zona Rosa.
I encourage you to check them out on their website, ProGlideSummerJob.com and see when they're going to be in your town. They're a hoot and you'll also get to meet Cory, their driver and Cali, who seems to know everyone in America.
Now Chandler and I need to figure out where to go next Tuesday night!


The last time we saw Amaranthe and Sicarius and pals, they were still on the run from the Empire, and the Emperor was nursing a mysterious hatred for Sicarius in particular. Still, this mismatched team of outlaws are chasing any lead to clear their names.
As the Imperial Games approach, athletes start disappearing. Sounds like an opportunity for the Emperor's Edge crew to investigate and solve a major crime.
Once again, Buroker has created an entertaining adventure that, while hardly innovative, is thoroughly entertaining. If you've enjoyed the first two books in the series, you'll enjoy this one.