text:
Catherine Jamison (born March 26, 1950) is an American former competition swimmer.

Jamison was born in Portland, Oregon.  She trained with the Santa Clara Swim Club in Santa Clara, California, under coach George Haines who was noted for producing Olympic swimmers during the 1960s and 1970s.

Jamison represented the United States as an 18-year-old at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.  She competed in the women's 200-meter breaststroke, and finished fifth overall in the event final with a time of 2:48.4.

References

1950 births
Living people
American female breaststroke swimmers
Olympic swimmers of the United States
Santa Clara Broncos athletes
Swimmers from Portland, Oregon
Swimmers at the 1968 Summer Olympics
20th-century American women


text:
UPDATE 1-U.S. readies fight against Omicron but too soon for lockdowns -Fauci
(Adds quotes from Fauci, background on variant)
WASHINGTON, Nov 28 (Reuters) - Americans should be prepared to fight the spread of the new COVID-19 variant Omicron, but it is too soon to say what actions are needed, including possible mandates or lockdowns, top U.S. infectious disease official Dr. Anthony Fauci said on Sunday.
The United States must do "anything and everything" amid likely cases of the variant, but it is "too early to say" whether we need new lockdowns or mandates, Fauci told ABC News.
"You want to be prepared to do anything and everything," he added.
The new Omicron coronavirus variant, first discovered in South Africa and announced in recent days, has now been detected in a growing number of other countries.
Fauci, in an NBC News interview on Saturday, said it was possible that it was already in the United States, although no official case has been confirmed.
U.S. health officials will be speaking again with their South African colleagues about the variant later on Sunday, he told ABC News' "This Week" program in a separate interview. (Reporting by Heather Timmons, Christopher Gallagher and Susan Heavey Editing by Mark Porter)
How to Restart Your Relationship for a Fresh Outlook
Slight tensions? Stagnant sex life? General romantic malaise? These ebbs are nothing you two can't handle: After all, you're in this thing for the long haul. Here, how to restart your relationship using seven...
Drew Barrymore's $99 air fryer sold out in 24 hours — but it's back in stock (for now)
Nearly everything in the megastar's line of small appliances — aptly named Beautiful Kitchenware — is under $100 at Walmart.
'My chronic pain is gone': Nurses are raving about these sneakers, on sale for $28 at Amazon
"They feel like a feather on your feet!" writes one nurse.
2 Top Cryptocurrencies to Buy Now and Hold for the Next Decade
Investors are becoming more bullish on cryptocurrency. In June 2021 a survey showed that 10% of U.S. adults were willing to invest in crypto assets, according to eMarketer. Of course, that's great news for crypto investors, because rising demand should translate into higher prices.
Republicans considering a second round of election-procedure changes on top of a controversial law enacted last year that set a benchmark for GOP restrictions on the franchise.
Joe B. Hall remembered as 'a real competitor,' Breakfast Club regular
The former University of Kentucky basketball coach's death revives memories of lighthearted fun.
2 Explosive Pot Stocks to Buy in 2022 and Beyond
There's no doubt that the cannabis industry is growing and has the potential to be lucrative for investors for decades to come. Legal cannabis sales were estimated to be $20 billion in 2020 and are projected to grow to over $40 billion by 2025. While the legal and regulatory challenges are risks that must be considered, there are two stocks that are positioned to reward investors in spite of these headwinds.
Man Has Snow White Moment as Bird Eats Crust From His Hand at Colorado Ski Resort
A man channeled his inner Snow White when he invited a bird to eat some leftover pizza crust from his hand at Snowmass Ski Resort in Aspen, Colorado, on January 16.Footage by Nicholas Parnaby shows a Canada jay bird flying towards him, perching on his fingers, and eating the crust straight from his hand. Canada jays have earned the nickname "camp robbers" for their habit of stealing food from campers, according to conservationists."I was sitting outside the Up 4 Pizza mid mountain restaurant with my son and wife and these camp robber birds were everywhere hoping for scraps from the tables," Parnaby told Storyful."Another table was throwing pizza crust at them, but I remembered seeing these birds sit on peoples shoulders and eat out of their hands etc before last year in Vail," he said. "So I just put a scrap of crust on my palm, set up the camera and seconds later the bird was perched on my fingers." Credit: Nicholas Parnaby via Storyful
Tiger King TV drama Joe vs Carole releases first-look trailer
Tiger King-inspired drama Joe vs Carole has unveiled its first trailer along with an official UK release date.
Pregnant woman, 24, jailed for life after stabbing boyfriend to death at New Year's party
Hannah Sindrey murdered 31-year-old Paul Fletcher at her Essex flat while six children were inside the property

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
"""
Module for enabling and disabling git talk
"""

import os

class Hook(object):
    """ Class for all enable and disable methods """

    def __init__(self, git_r):
        self.git_root = git_r
        self.git_hook_path = os.path.join(
            self.git_root, '.git/hooks/commit-msg')
        self.git_talk_head = "##### gittalk hook (begin) #####\n"
        self.git_talk_tail = "##### gittalk hook (end) #####\n"

    def isGitInitialized(self):
        ''' Checks whether the project has a git project initialized '''
        git_folder = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(self.git_root, '.git'))
        return os.path.isdir(git_folder)

    def isHookInitialized(self):
        ''' Checks whether the project has a git project initialized '''
        hook_file = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
            self.git_root, '.git/hooks/commit-msg'))
        return os.path.isfile(hook_file)

    def create(self):
        ''' Looks into .git/hooks to add hook from commit-msg '''
        if self.isGitInitialized():
            if self.isHookInitialized():
                hook_file = open(self.git_hook_path, 'r+')
            else:
                hook_file = open(self.git_hook_path, 'w+')
                hook_file.write("#!/bin/sh\n")

            # look for git commit head
            hook_content = hook_file.read()
            head_loc = hook_content.find(self.git_talk_head)

            # writes to commit-msg
            if head_loc == -1:
                hook_file.seek(0, 2)
                with open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)),
                                       '../gittalk/assets/hooks/commit-msg'), "r") as hook:
                    # @TODO: add gittalk's full path with which('gittalk')
                    for line in hook:
                        hook_file.write(line)

                _st = os.stat(self.git_hook_path)
                os.chmod(self.git_hook_path, _st.st_mode | 0o111)
            else:
                print("Hook was already installed")
        else:
            print("Not in a git root folder")

    def destroy(self):
        ''' Looks into .git/hooks to remove hook from commit-msg '''
        if self.isGitInitialized():
            if self.isHookInitialized():
                hook_file = open(self.git_hook_path, 'r+')

                # look for git commit head
                hook_content = hook_file.read()
                head_loc = hook_content.find(self.git_talk_head)

                # writes to commit-msg
                if head_loc != -1:
                    hook_file.seek(0)
                    hook_content = hook_file.readlines()
                    # reopen for rewrite
                    hook_file = open(self.git_hook_path, 'w')

                    omit = False
                    deleted_hook = False
                    for line in hook_content:
                        if deleted_hook:
                            # stops checking for the hook
                            hook_file.write(line)
                        elif omit:
                            if line == self.git_talk_tail:
                                # found the tail
                                omit = False
                                deleted_hook = True
                        else:
                            if line == self.git_talk_head:
                                # found the head
                                omit = True
                            else:
                                hook_file.write(line)
            else:
                print("commit-msg does not exist")
        else:
            print("Not in a git root folder")

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Frame grab from The New World (Terrence Malick, 2004)
For me the most powerful films are, and always will be, those of a singular gaze where the human eye can be felt, where it is allowed to go uninhibited, without question and without anyone second guessing its accuracy.
[Filmmaker Brad McGann on Malick's Days of Heaven in 'Southern Superstition', Take, Issue 27, Winter 2004/5, p. 19. cited by Duncan Petrie]
Film Studies For Free is off to the beach and won't be posting for a few weeks. But, dry those tears! FSFF always likes to leave its readers with something to remember it by. And this year's pre-vacation posting will hopefully do the trick.
Below, you will find a sublime, transcendent, rare, totally indulgent, and almost religiously good list of links to online and openly accessible studies of the work of American filmmaker Terrence Malick, together with some reviews of his 2011 Palme D'Or winning opus The Tree of Life which are of scholarly interest. Scroll right down to the end for five of Matt Zoller Seitz's great video essays on Malick's work.
Don't say that FSFF doesn't love you, because, despite its occasional confusion with double-negatives, it does! Ciao!
Michael Atkinson, 'The Shadow Army: Ruminations on a phantom version of Terrence Malick's The Thin Red Line', Moving Image Source, October 27, 2008
Michael Atkinson, 'The Tree of Life', Sight and Sound, August 2011
Adam Batty, 'Unless you love, your life will flash by. Terrence Malick's The Tree Of Life', Hope Lies at 24 Frames Per Second, July 9, 2011
John Bleasdale, 'The Tree of Life', Alternate Takes, May 21, 2011
John Bleasdale, 'Please Make More Films: On The Cinema of Terrence Malick [ed. by Hannah Patterson]', Film-Philosophy, 9.33, 2005
J.E.J. Cain, 'Writing in his musical key": Terrence Malick's vision of The Thin Red Line', Film Criticism v. 25 no. 1 (Fall 2000) p. 2-24
Hubert I. Cohen, 'The Genesis of Days of Heaven', Cinema Journal - 42, Number 4, Summer 2003, pp. 46-62
Simon Critchley, 'Calm: On Terrence Malick's The Thin Red Line', Film-Philosophy, 6.38, 2002
Charlotte Crofts, 'From the" Hegemony of the Eye" to the" Hierarchy of Perception": The Reconfiguration of Sound and Image In Terrence Malick's Days of Heaven', Peer-reviewed draft prior to corrections / typographical setting, published in Journal of Media Practice, 2:1, 19-29
Adrian Danks, 'Death Comes as an End: Temporality, Domesticity and Photography in Terrence Malick's Badlands', Senses of Cinema, Issue 8, 2000
Bilge Ebiri, 'English Speakers: The prison of language in Terrence Malick's The New World', Moving Image Source, October 27, 2008
Michael Filippidis, 'On Malick's Subjects', Senses of Cinema, Issue 8, 2000
Patrick ffrench, 'Potential Not To Be: Bersani and Dutoit's Forms of Being', Film-Philosophy, 9.3, 2005
Kenji Fujishima, 'The Cleveland Orchestra: Bruckner: (R)evolution', Slant Magazine , July 13, 2011
Marc Furstenau and Leslie MacAvoy, 'Terrence Malick's Heideggerian Cinema: War and the Question of Being in The Thin Red Line', Vertigo, Vol. 2, Issue 5, 2003
Daniel Garrett, 'The American Sublime, the Sublime American: The New World by Terrence Malick', Cinetext, July 8, 2006
Janine Gericke, 'The Tree of Life (2011)', Film International, June 15, 2011
Angela Havel and Aaron Snyder and T. Oates, 'The Similarities in Terrence Malick's Films: An Iconography [Part 1]', Terrence Malick Page, 2001 And Part 2
Stuart Kendall and Robert Deane Tucker, 'Introduction', in eds. Thomas Deane Tucker and Stuart Kendall, Terrence Malick: Film and Philosophy (London: Continuum, 2011)
Michael King, ''Badlands: shoot first from Jump Cut, no. 1, 1974, pp. 5-6
Michael Koresky, 'Design for Living: The Tree of Life', Reverse Shot, Issue 29, 2011
Dimitrios Latsis, 'Rosy-Fingered Dawn: The Natural Sublime in the work of Terrence Malick', Refractory, vol. 17, July 2010
Hwanhee Lee, 'Terrence Malick', Senses of Cinema, Issue 23, 2002
Hwanhee Lee, 'On the Objects in Days of Heaven', Offscreen, December 31, 2007
Rose Lucas, 'Theatres of Extremity: War and Subjectivity in The Thin Red Line', Xchanges, vol. 4, no. 2, February 2005
Oliver Lyttleton, 'The Lost Projects And Unproduced Screenplays Of Terrence Malick', The Playlist at indieWire, July 12, 2011
James MacDowell, 'The New World', Alternate Takes, February 21, 2006
James MacLeod, 'Narrative Vistas: Subversive Voice‐over in Terrence Malick', Philament SENSE & SENSATION – August 2009
Adrian Martin, 'Things to Look Into: The Cinema of Terrence Malick', Rouge, 10, December 2006
Richard Neer, 'Terrence Malick's New World ', Nonsite.org, Issue 2, 2011
S. Brent Plate, 'Terrence Malick and an imaginary history of the universe', Visualizing the Buddha, July 11, 2011
Dana Polan, 'Auteurism and War-teurism: Terrence Malick's War Movie', in Elsaesser, Thomas, Noel King, Alexander Horwath (eds), The Last Great American Picture Show: New Hollywood Cinema in the 1970s (Amsterdam University Press, 2004)
Jeff Reichert, 'Children of the Evolution: The Tree of Life', Reverse Shot, Issue 29, 2011
Ian-Malcolm Rijsdijk, 'Apprehending Beauty [on Chion on The Thin Red Line]', Film-Philosophy, 10.1, 2006
Peter Rist, 'The Tree of Life', Offscreen, June 7, 2011
Bill Schaffer, 'The Shape of Fear: Thoughts after The Thin Red Line', Senses of Cinema, Issue 8, 2000
Nathan Scheider, 'Mobilize and Contemplate: What's spiritually at stake in The Tree of Life?', Visualizing the Buddha, June 6, 2011
Robert Sinnerbrink, 'A Heideggerian Cinema?: On Terrence Malick's The Thin Red Line', Film-Philosophy, 10.3, December 2006
Robert Sinnerbrink, 'From Mythic History to Cinematic Poetry: Terrence Malick's The New World Viewed', Screening the Past, Issue 26, 2009
David Sterritt (July 2006). 'Film, Philosophy and Terrence Malick', Undercurrents. FIPRESCI, Issue 2, July 2006
Eric Syngle, 'The Earth Trembles [on The Thin red Line]', Reverse Shot Online, July/August 2003
Eleftheria Thanouli, 'The Thin Red Line and the World War II Hollywood Tradition', Kinema, May 6, 2005
Keith Uhlich, 'The Space Between Spaces: The Tree of Life', Reverse Shot, Issue 29, 2011
Beverley Walker, 'Malick on Badlands', Sight and Sound, 44:2:82-83, Spring 1975
Chris Wisniewski, 'A Stitch in Time: Terrence Malick's Days of Heaven and The New World', Reverse Shot, Issue 22
Chris Wisniewski, 'Known Unknowns: The Tree of Life', Reverse Shot, Issue 29, 2011
Genevieve Yue, 'Garden of the World: The Tree of Life', Reverse Shot, Issue 29, 2011
Robert Zaller, 'Adam without Eve: Terrence Malick returns to Eden [on The Tree of Life]', Broad Street, June 28, 2011
Matt Zoller Seitz, 'All things shining', Complete Terrence Malick video essay, Salon, June 1, 2011
Matt Zoller Seitz, 'The Whispering Wind: The New World', Reverse Shot, Issue 27
Labels: American Cinema, Film and Philosophy, Terrence Malick
"Radical, readable": Links and studies in memory of Robert Sklar
How important are origins? [Robert Sklar, 'Cineaste's Early Years: The Quest for a Radical, Readable Film Criticism', Cineaste, Vol. 32 No.4 (Fall 2007)]
What is remarkable is the way that American movies, through much of their span, have altered or challenged many of the values and doctrines of powerful social and cultural forces in American society, providing alternative ways of understanding the world. [Robert Sklar, Movie-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies (New York, 1975)]
Sklar's most influential work, "Movie-Made America," first came out over thirty years ago but remains one of the most important texts for the study of American cinema. (After all, he helped invent the field.) Its thesis, that American film culture owed much to the lower class and the struggles against capitalist interests rather than efforts to sustain them, echoed the egalitarian nature of Sklar's writing: Although primarily an academic, he had the capacity to speak to movie lovers of all stripes. In doing so, he was essentially an activist, capable of making the inarguable case for taking movies seriously—not only as an art form, but a socio-economic force that helps us understand the world. [Eric Kohn, 'Robert Sklar, RIP', Screenrush at indieWIRE July 5, 2011 ]
Robert Sklar's Movie-Made America (1975, Vintage) was a paradigm-shifting work for film in American studies. It revamped the intellectual (or highbrow) versus popular polarities in which filmic expression was celebrated or denigrated in discussions ofAmerican culture by such culture critics as Dwight MacDonald writing during the height of the Cold War or historians like Richard Pells a decade later who began to incorporate Hollywood activities within the intellectual and cultural landscapes they portrayed. Sklar maintained an interest in movies and ideology but located them within Hollywood as an institution of capital, of culture, of even the State.
The publication of his book seemed to be part of a new wave of addressing the role of movies and Hollywood within American culture. [Lauren Rabinovitz, 'More Than Meets the Eye: Movies in American Studies', 2005 MAASA Presidential Symposium, p. 77]
Discussing broad transformations in the history of American film, Robert Sklar suggests that, since the 1970s, historical memory has become the touchstone of a movie's cultural power, replacing a 'traditional rhetoric of myths and dreams'. For Sklar, the identification of a shift from 'myth to memory' in the rhetorical power of mainstream American film relates to a particular dissolution of the consensus that, until the 1970s, had underpinned American liberal ideologies in the postwar period. While speculative in nature, ideological schemas of this sort do have a certain use in identifying broad historical trends and patterns in the discursive propensities of popular cinema. Sklar is one of many critics who identify the 1970s as the origin of the contemporary 'memory boom' in American life and society. In a time when it is claimed that metanarratives of history and progress have been severely undermined, and when the past has become increasingly subject to cultural mediation, textual reconfiguration, and ideological contestation in the present, memory has developed a new discursive significance. In cinema, as in other modes of cultural practice, memory has become a powerful locus for the articulation of identity in the sphere of cultural imaginings. This has been levied in rhetorical terms – Sklar's transition from the 'myths and dreams' of classical film to the 'historical memory' of more recent work – but it has also become figured in particular generic transformations and bound in regimes of industrial and institutional commercialism, such that movie memory itself has experienced a heightened cultural significance. [Paul Grainge, 'Introduction: memory and popular film', in Grainge (ed.), Memory and Popular Film (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003) citing Robert Sklar, Movie-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies (New York: Vintage Books, 1994), p. 357].
Many of Film Studies For Free's readers will already have heard of the very sad and untimely death this week of the influential U.S. film historian and critic Robert Sklar.
Professor of Cinema Studies at Tisch School of the Arts, New York University, Sklar was the author of many books, including Movie-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies (New York: Vintage, 1975; rev. 1994), City Boys: Cagney, Bogart, Garfield (Princeton, 1992) and A World History of Film" (2003). Sklar also worked as a contributing editor at Cineaste, writing many perceptive reviews. In 2007, he also penned an important and revealing study of that magazine's early history, which featured in the 40th Anniversary issue. Sklar was co-editor (with Saverio Giovacchini) on a book set for publication later this year: Global Neorealism: The Transnational History of a Film Style.
Sklar served on the selection committee of the New York Film Festival in the 1990s. As a member of the National Film Preservation Board since 1997, he helped choose the films to be included on the Library of Congress's National Film Registry. He was President of the Society for Cinema Studies (now the Society for Cinema and Media Studies) from 1979 to 1981.
Below, in a small tribute to the work of this unassuming but hugely important film scholar, FSFF has assembled a list of direct links to online, openly accessible writing by Sklar, as well as to tributes to him by his colleagues and students. Below those lists, there is a further gathering of links to a wide range of online film scholarship influenced or informed by his historical and historiographical work on American cinema.
Robert Sklar, 'Oh! Althusser!', Radical History Review 1988 1988(41):11-36
Robert Sklar, 'Cineaste's Early Years: The Quest for a Radical, Readable Film Criticism', Cineaste, Vol. 32 No.4 (Fall 2007) Also see here
Robert Sklar, 'The Toxic Bind of Mastery and Dependence: An Interview with Emmanuel Bourdieu', Cineaste, Vol. 32 No.2 (Spring 2007)
Robert Sklar, 'The CBC's Love, Hate, and Propaganda Six-Part Series on World War II Propaganda', Global Media Journal -- Canadian Edition, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2010, pp. 105-110
Robert Sklar, 'Susan Sontag's Readers Respond, Remember, Re-read', Synoptique, February 14, 2011
Robert Sklar, 'FROM THE ARCHIVES: Hot Blood', Cineaste, Vol.XXXVI No.2 2011
Robert Sklar, 'FROM THE ARCHIVES: The Cobweb and Two Weeks in Another Town', Cineaste,Vol.XXXVI No.3 2011
Robert Sklar, 'WEBTAKES: Client 9: The Rise and Fall of Eliot Spitzer', Cineaste,Vol.XXXVI No.1 2010
Robert Sklar, 'WEBTAKES: The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo', Cineaste, Vol.XXXV No.3 2010
Robert Sklar, 'WEBTAKES: Ajami', Cineaste,Vol.XXXV No.3 2010
Online tributes:
Robert Allen, 'In Memory of Robert Sklar', Society of Cinema and Media Studies website, July 5, 2011
William Grimes, 'Robert Sklar, Film Scholar, Is Dead at 74', New York Times, July 6, 2011
Frances Guerin, 'Robert Sklar (1936-2011). What I learnt', Fx Reflects, July 4, 2011
J. Hoberman, 'R.I.P. Robert Sklar, 1936-2011', The Village Voice, July 5, 2011
Eric Kohn, 'Robert Sklar, RIP', Screenrush at indieWIRE, July 5, 2011
Matt Singer, 'Robert Sklar (1936-2011)', IFC, July 4, 2011
Kristin Thompson, 'Robert Sklar, historian of film and culture', Observations on Film Art, July 4, 2011
Variety Magazine tribute: 'Film scholar Robert Sklar dies', July 6, 2011
Significant online works influenced or informed by Sklar's Work:
Stephen Michael Charbonneau, 'Screen Angst: New Media Orientations and Youthfulness', Mediascape, Spring 2005
Saverio Giovacchini, 'Introduction: Taking Hollywood Seriously', Hollywood Modernism: Film and Politics in the Age of the New Deal (Temple University Press, 2001)
Michele Hilmes, 'Nailing Mercury The Problem of Media Industry Historiography', in eds. Jennifer Holt and Alisa Perren, Media Industries: History, Theory, and Method (London: Wiley, 2009)
Randy Laist, 'The Hyperreal Theme in 1990s American Cinema', Americana, 9.1, Spring 2010
Jennifer E. Langdon, Caught in the Crossfire: Adrian Scott and the Politics of Americanism in 1940s Hollywood (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008
Brian Neve, 'The Hollywood Left: Robert Rossen and Postwar Hollywood', Film Studies, Volume 7 (Winter 2005)
Annalee Newitz, 'It's Fun...But It Takes Courage: Remembering Frank Capra's America', Bad Subjects, Issue 11, January/Feburary 1994
Roberta E. Pearson, Eloquent Gestures: The Transformation of Performance Style in the Griffith Biograph Films (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992)
Lauren Rabinovitz, 'More Than Meets the Eye: Movies in American Studies', 2005 MAASA Presidential Symposium
Tom Robson, 'Field of American dreams: individualist ideology in the U.S. baseball movie', Jump Cut, Issue 52, Summer 2010
Thomas Schatz and Alisa Perren, 'Hollywood', in eds. John D. H. Downing, Denis McQuail, Philip Schlesinger and Ellen Wartella, SAGE Handbook of Media Studies (London: Sage, 2004)
Peter Stanfield, 'A Monarch for the Millions: Jewish Filmmakers, Social Commentary and the Postwar Cycle of Boxing Films', Film Studies, Volume 7 (Winter 2005)
Ellen Wiley Todd, 'Chapter Five: Sex for Sale: Reginald Marsh's Voluptuous Shopper', The New Woman Revised (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994)
Brian Yecies, 'Transformative Soundscapes: Innovating De Forest Phonofilms Talkies in Australia', Scope, 2000
Labels: American Cinema, Classical Hollywood Cinema, film historiography, film history, Hollywood Left, Robert Sklar
What Time Reflects: In Memory of Mani Kaul, 1944-2011
Mani Kaul on Robert Bresson
One of my major influences was the French film maker Robert Bresson. Bresson's films reflected a particular brand of Christian belief called Jansenism which manifests itself in the way leading characters are acted upon and simply surrender themselves to their fate. I believe that cinema is not so much visual as temporal. But most filmmakers concentrate on the spatio-visual aspect. This has led to certain problems. What time reflects is more contemporary than the arrangement of a set of visuals. I do not want to focus on this visual aspect in my films, but want to make the temporal primary. [Mani Kaul, 'Interview', ARC, November 15, 2005]
[Mani Kaul] has been described as a formalist. But the term does not do justice to the intense emotional stories that [reverberate] from the images that make up his interpretations of myth, music and [architecture]—although often they are more like collaborations with those cultural pratices and forms. He defies categorisation: to call his work non-narrative does not account for the detailed and complex narration that his camera work offers within any single scene. Even to call him an Indian film maker does not seem useful since Kaul refuses to locate his work within national or cultural subjectivities. [Ian Iqbal Rashid, 'Asian and Asian Diaspora Programme', RUNGH, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1995, p. 36]
Dhrupad - a film by Mani Kaul [1:09:13]
Apologies for the very poor quality of this video;
its inclusion here can only be very insufficiently indicative of the film's actual brilliance
The Indian filmmaker Mani Kaul, who grew up artistically in India's subsidized ''parallel cinema'' (i.e., parallel to commercial cinema) in the 1970s, has worked repeatedly with Indian song traditions, including Dhrupad (1982), which mesmerizes with the sound and image of one classical music performance style designed to facilitate spiritual meditation. Such work highlights the way in which we often take sound for granted as a convenient emotional conductor.
Pat Aufderheide, Documentary Film - A Very Short Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), p. 17
Film Studies For Free was saddened to hear, via film scholar Surbhi Goel, of the death of the great Indian filmmaker Mani Kaul. Last week, it posted a list of links to studies of the works of another legendary director from that country - Ritwik Ghatak, one of Kaul's most important teachers at the Film and Television Institute of India. But Kaul was a genuinely pioneering and deeply unconventional film artist in his own right who also became a hugely influential teacher and writer on cinema. He will be greatly missed.
Krishna Chaudhari, 'Why Mani Kaul's Films Are Different', Krishna Kanjilal, April 21, 2009
B.D. Garga, 'Is Anyone Watching- Indian Documentary pt-2', from "Cinema in India", Vol. II, No. 2, April-June, 1988, pp. 32-36, republished at Winds from the East, January 4, 2009
Mani Kaul, 'Beneath the surface: Cinematography and Time', IndianAuteur, 2009
Mani Kaul, 'Interview', ARC, November 15, 2005
Mani Kaul, 'Interview', UNESCO Courier, July-August 1995
Mani Kaul at the International Film Festival of Kerala, 2006 [see two further videos of Kaul here and here - hat tip to Winds from the East]
Anuj Malhotra, 'The Servant's Shirt- An encroachment of "Space"', Winds from the East, October 17, 2008
Dileep Padgaonkar, 'New Indian Cinema: Battle Lines Are Drawn', The Times Of India, January 26, 1975
Ashish Rajadhyaksha, 'Duvidha', FilmReference.com, [date unknown]
Nitesh Rohit, 'Remembrance of Things Past- Duvidha', Winds from the East, August 29, 2008
Srikanth Srinivasan, 'The Films of Mani Kaul', The Seventh Art, June 2011
Tributes:
Kaul tribute at Emissions in the Dark (via @thedailymubi)
Naditta Dutta, 'Remembering Mani Kaul', DearCinema.com, July 6, 2011
Labels: Avant-Garde and Experimental Cinema, documentary filmmaking, Indian cinema, Indian New Wave, Mani Kaul, parallel cinema, Ritwik Ghatak
PEEPING TOM Studies in Memory of Anna Massey
Image of Anna Massey in her second film role as Helen in Peeping Tom (Michael Powell, 1960)
Film Studies For Free was very sad to hear of the death yesterday of the great British actress Anna Massey at the age of 73. For many years, she rightfully cornered the cinematic and televisual markets in kindly, kooky and/or downright spooky English ladies with lots going on beneath their surface.
One of her best roles, in FSFF's humble opinion, was her BAFTA winning performance as romantic novelist Edith Hope in the 1986 BBC adaptation of Anita Brookner's novel Hotel du Lac. But her most studied and written about cinematic appearance was her proto-'final-girl' role as Helen Stephens in Powell's Peeping Tom. So it is to the relatively sparse, but online and openly accessible studies of that film to which FSFF directly links in its little tribute to Massey's work.
Bruce Alistair Barber, Trans/actions: Art, Film and Death, PhD Thesis, European Graduate School, August 2005
Paul Cronly, 'Peeping Tom', Irish Journal of Gothic and Horror Studies, Issue # 3 (November 2007)
Michelle Devereaux, 'Death and Desire in Swinging London Film', Forum, Issue 6, 2008
Margaret Gibson, 'Death Scenes: ethics of the face and cinematic deaths', Mortality, 6 (3): 306-320, 2001
Barry Keith Grant 'Screams on Screens: Paradigms of Horror', Loading..., Vol 4, No 6 (2010)
Catherine Grant, 'True likeness: Peeping Tom and Code inconnu/Code Unknown ', Filmanalytical, June 26, 2010
Jeremy Hawthorn, 'Morality, voyeurism, and 'point of view': Michael Powell's Peeping Tom (I960', Nordic Journal of English Studies, Vol. 2 No. 2 , 2009
Keith Hennessy Brown, 'Palimpsest, Pasolini, Poe and Poetics, or the phantoms haunting Dario Argento's Opera (1987)', Forum, Issue 7, 2008
John Orr, 'The Trauma Film and British Romantic Cinema 1940-1960', Senses of Cinema, 51, 2009
Martin Scorsese, '[Interviewed by Mark Kermode] On Michael Powell movies [Video 22.04]', The Guardian, November 19, 2010
Robert Yanal, ' Two Monsters in Search of a Concept', Contemporary Aesthetics, 1, 2003
This is a FILMANALYTICAL / FILM STUDIES FOR FREE video essay by Catherine Grant. It explores some of the obvious, as well as the more obscure, similarities between two films: PEEPING TOM (Michael Powell, 1960) and CODE INCONNU / CODE UNKNOWN (Michael Haneke, 2000). It was published under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License in June 2010.
Labels: Anna Massey, British cinema, British film and TV, Michael Powell, Peeping Tom, Study of a Single Film
"Radical, readable": Links and studies in memory o...


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Press Release: The Lowell School's Version of "March Madness"
The Lowell School, in Flushing, believes that it is important for its students to contribute to the local community. To promote this goal, the Student Government sponsors an annual spring food drive with their version of "March Madness: Not Basketball but a Basket Full of Giving!" The donation of non-perishable food items will be greatly [...]
Press Release: The Lowell School's Version of "March Madness"admin2015-03-18T19:07:21+00:00
Students in Flushing Transforming Bank Into Art Gallery
VIDEO: Students from The Lowell School, part of the Flushing High School for Students with Learning Differences, transformed a Dime Savings Bank into a colorful art gallery.
Students in Flushing Transforming Bank Into Art Galleryadmin2019-09-18T17:23:03+00:00
Media Advisory: The Lowell School Student Art Exhibit
For Immediate Release - March 2, 2015 Flushing High School for Students with Learning Differences, The Lowell School Student Art Exhibit at Dime Savings Bank lobby - Queensboro Hill WHAT: A prideful display of youngsters' artistic talents & Donation presentation from Dime SB to The Lowell School Arts Program. WHO: Citywide art students of The Lowell School [...]
Media Advisory: The Lowell School Student Art Exhibitadmin2019-09-18T17:24:13+00:00
Press Release: Lowell School Inducts Students Into The National Honor Society
Nine students were inducted into The Lowell School Chapter of the National Honor Society during a special ceremony on October 21, 2014. According to the National Honor Society, their mission is to "recognize and encourage academic achievement while also developing the personal characteristics essential for productive, well-rounded members of society". To obtain membership, the student [...]
Press Release: Lowell School Inducts Students Into The National Honor Societyadmin2019-12-10T17:05:37+00:00
Press Release: The Lowell School Receives a Grant for "Movement Matters"
Susan Klein, Principal of The Lowell High School, has been awarded a $2000 grant from Voya (formerly ING) as part of the company's 2014 "Unsung Heroes" awards competition. Selected from a group of more than 1,000 applicants, Mrs. Klein is one of only 100 winners across the country to receive this award. In addition, she [...]
Press Release: The Lowell School Receives a Grant for "Movement Matters"admin2015-03-18T19:05:03+00:00
Press Release: Lowell High School Students' Artwork on Display for "ECOFEST"
The Lowell High School participated in the "ECOFEST" annual environmental poster contest. The entries were on display from April 2-30, 2014 at the West Side Cultural Center. This contest has become very well known, as one of the judges is Peter Max, the world famous artist. We are proud to announce that one of our [...]
Press Release: Lowell High School Students' Artwork on Display for "ECOFEST"admin2015-03-18T19:02:54+00:00
Press Release: Lowell School Students Make a Difference in the Community
Students from the National Honor Society and the Outreach Club from The Lowell School in Flushing participated in the annual "New York Cares Day". They were assigned to Kissena Park and spent the day cleaning up weeds, mulching, and clearing an area next to the lake. This is part of the school's endeavor to provide [...]
Press Release: Lowell School Students Make a Difference in the Communityadmin2015-03-18T19:01:36+00:00
Ribbon Cutting Ceremony
We held a Ribbon Cutting ceremony on Saturday, November 19 to officially mark the opening of our new building in Flushing, NY. The New York City Comptroller, John Liu; Assemblywoman Grace Meng, and New York State Education Department Regent, Geraldine Chapey, were among the over 100 guests participating including parents, families and friends. To read [...]
Ribbon Cutting Ceremonyadmin2019-12-10T17:05:37+00:00
Annual Walk-a-thon
LOWELL SCHOOL STUDENTS WALK TO RAISE MONEY FOR ARTS PROGRAMS Students, staff and families from The Lowell School held their 8th Annual Walk-a-thon to benefit, in part, their cultural arts programs for the school year. Over 300 people attended the event held for both school campus sites. The event was held on Friday, October 8th [...]
Annual Walk-a-thonadmin2015-03-31T19:56:27+00:00
Rebounding Academically
Rebounding Academically By Steve Mosco When JeSen DeChalus failed a regents exam last January, he thought the best course of action would be to quit basketball and focus entirely on school. However, before making his decision final, DeChalus' coach convinced him to play one more game. "That day, I ended up having my best game [...]
Rebounding Academicallyadmin2014-12-19T17:44:20+00:00
Queens Courier
The Lowell School News


The Most Amazing Swimming Pool You'll Ever See!
This AMAZING swimming pool is located in the backyard of a mega mansion located at 5225 Renner Road in Shawnee, KS. According to a Homes of the Rich reader, the pool goes down about 30-40 feet and there is a sunken ship at the bottom. There is also a grotto and 5 different hot tubs inside it and up top. How cool is that?! I LOVE swimming and I could definitely see myself having a little adventure in that monstrosity of a home "swimming pool" (more like a mini lake!).


The 4th. University of BMX Training Camp Orlando - Fl. and the N.B.L. Christmas Classic, including the pilot project event called the UCI - BMX World Cup at Columbus - Ohio, USA 1995.
Period December 17th through 31st, 1995.
Because of the fact that there was a pilot-project event going on in Orlando this yeat, the UCI BMX WORLD CUP In Olando - Florida, the University of BMX did have one of its largest number of participants on this trip. Our group consisted of 37 persons. Most of us travelled together and a8 of ushad their own travel schedule or were in the USA already and joining us in Olrando.
We left Schiphol-Amsterdam airport on December 17th and our trsvel schedule looked like this:Amsterdam - New York, JFK - Orlando / Orlando - Cincinnati - Columbus and going home again on December 30th we flew fromColumbus - Atlantato Amsterdam, were we arrived on December 31st. 1995.
This time we stayed at the Holiday Inn, Express, West Colonial Drive in Orlando.We had scheduled 6 days of training, some sight-seeing and shopping. Ofourse, as in previous years, the European Team organised togther with the Orlando Fairgrpounds BMX and the Orlando Parents Council already the 4th European University of BMX Training Camp for local Orlando riders, Around 70 riders took part in this training camp. After the trainng camp for these local riders, an Evening Ribbon Race was run by the Orlando organisation.
The group left Orlando for Columbus on December 24th. We went from around 20 degrees Celcius to about 14 degrees below zero Celcius. We had our Christmas Dinner as every year, on December 25th. It was again a special arrangement exclusively for our group, at the Hyatt Regency Hotel. Again, December 30th we left Columbus for Europe.
From Holland: Bas de Bever, Roy v. Leur, Robert de Wilde, Robert Sprokholt, Dennis Wissink,Dorus Brink, Jorg de Louw, Bart Bazelmans, Jan Willemsen, Jose Delissen, Karien Gubbels, Ghedy vd Akker, Jolanda Oosten, Wendy v. Spierenburg, Jeroen Vrijdag, Mieke en Gerrit Does.
From Germany: Sascha Meijenborg, Tibor Simai, Joachim Ruckgaber, Christoph Lindemann (only present in Orlando) and Tarek Rasouli.
From England: Marco Dell'isola, Dylan Clayton, Dale Holmes and Jamie Staff (joined us in Orlando).
From Czech Rep.: Karel and Petr Marak, Lucie Vontszemuova and Petr Joch.
From Sweden: Johan Edman, Sanna Ohlsson andSuzanna Beijer.
From Spain: Johsua Barreto Ramos.
To give you an idea about to cost involved here some details: in totaal Dutch florins 63.000,= was spent on this trip by our teammembers. This included: airflight tickets,rent for 4 Vans we used in Orlando, fee for our transportation from and to airport in Columbus (a bus/coach), hotelaccomodation in Orlando ánd Columbus, fee for using the Orlando BMX track, expenses souvenir T-shirts, licenses NBL and entry-fees Xmas Classic. Besides these expenses, members had to pay for their own food and drinks as well astickets for Universal, Disney, Sea World and so on. Our transportationto and from Columbus airport and our hotel was, as the years before, done by Adventure Tours, inc. from Columbus-Ohio.
This trip was an exiting trip, specially for our friends from the Czech Republic. Karel Marak did not like the food too much. After a dinner he was hungry again within 2 hours. In CZ having a good diner means you can last almost another day. He called it: it looks like we are eating "air" (lol).
During our stay in Orlando, my dear friend George E. Esser, founder of the NBL in 1974 and co-original founder of the I.BMX.F. in 1981, visited with me in Orlando. Part of our group did visit the UGP ware-house of Ron Bonner, where all of us received a souvenir T-shirt from Ron (shown below). George Esser came with us to the ware-house and being there he did not feel very well.He had the feeling he was going to pass out. I did bring George back to the hotel and we drank some coffee. Still not feeling well, I did bring George to a nearby hospital, about 2 miles from our hotel. After about 2 hours of waiting and testing, I was told Geroge had to stay overnight. Greg and Brian Esser were warned and they came over the next day to pick George up and bring him home. It seemed George had a small stroke.
Seen here, the official 1995 University of BMX T-shirt and the souvenir T-shirt handed out to us by Ron Bonner of UGP.
The pilot Project "the UCI BMX World Cup" which took place at the indoor facilties of the Convention Center in the Hyatt Recemgy Hotel and in which organisation I was acting as project-manager for the UCI,went kind of o.k. Although the USA riders had some difficulty adjusting tothe time qualifying system. It was something new for sure, they had to get used to the use of transponders. AS project manger of the UCI World Cup events I was responsable for the timing and registration system of AMB. We had to care that equipement in a large large aluminum case and needed special documents to import and export that equipment in and out of the USA.
During the Christmas Classic events Dutch rider Dennis Wissink got hurt and I had to go to hospital with him. Ofcourse I went together and we did spent (again, like years before when I was at a hospital with Christophe Leveque) about 2 ½ hours at that hospital. We missed most of the racing on Day II. Dennis came out with a broken collarbone, which afterwards seemed to be a dis-location of the "ac joint". Later on, an operation was needed in Holland. All is o.k. by now.
Seen here a serie of pictures taken during the BMX clinic Orlando for local riders. The riders present to take part in this BMC clinic were devided in smaal groups of about8 till10 riders max, The track was devided in sections: start - first straight including first corner - technical section 1 - technical section 2 - cornering last corner - rythem section last straight and sprint last 40 meters including finishing.
As in precious years, we also visited Universal Studios and Disney World in Orlando. Extra for some of our group was Seaworld.
Then we left for Columbus - Ohio on December 24th. at 8.00 hours. We flew through Cincinnati and arrived in Columbus at 11.43 hours. Our transportation was waiting and this bus brought us to the Hyatt Regency Hotel.
As said earlier, the Hotel management arranged diner for us again on Christmas eve, as done in previous years. This was appreciated very much by all of us. Here some pictures of our groupmembers having diner together.
Finaly theUCI BMX World Cup ánd Christmas Classic events came alive.
After the event ofcourse a drink was possible and the next day we all had to be ready early to leave for the airport and fly back to Europe again. We left the Hyat Regency at aaround 9.00 hours and after check in, the nplane left at 12.45 hours direction Atlanto and thenSchiphol - Amsterdam onDecember30th., to arrive in Holland on December31st. 1995 at about 7.15 hours.
Another nice trip was over which we all enjoyed very much. END OF STORY.


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Fintech & Insurtech
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"The international money transfer market is undergoing profound changes, in particular with the rise of mobile money in emerging countries. Monisnap is taking a unique position in this market. In a few months, they have enabled more than 200,000 people to make transfers to unbanked countries. Their modular architecture allows them to offer this financial service to B2B players such as neo banks. We were impressed by the team's vision and ability to execute, and are excited to participate in this round of funding to build a major global player in the industry. "


What can you say about Jimmy Nelson's performances other than " Brilliant". Not only is Jimmy talented, but he is still the generous, kind, talented man he has always been.
1. Danny O'Day's voice these days seemed to be NOT falsetto, possibly because of Jimmy Nelson's age. I'm glad they are still performing!
2. It's really interesting how Jimmy manipulates Danny–he doesn't use Danny's eye movements, though we know Danny has side-to-side eye animation.
I've seen this video many times before, glad to see it again now. Thanks!


Getting laid off from a job is stressful no matter the circumstances, but when you are terminated for reasons that are unfair, wrong, or just straight-up illegal, a termination can feel like a slap in the face. If you were laid off for reasons that you believe to be unfair, you may be able to sue your former employer for wrongful termination. However, because Illinois is an at-will employment state, you may have a hard time proving that your employer fired you for any reason other than that he or she simply felt like it was necessary. If you want to prove wrongdoing and obtain compensation for the injustice against you, retain the help of an experienced Chicago wrongful termination attorney.
The lawyers at the Law Office of Mitchell A. Kline have been aggressively advocating on behalf of wrongful termination victims for over 30 years. If you are ready to fight alongside us to uphold your rights, give our office a call today.
Termination that is in violation of antidiscrimination laws outlined in the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
If you and your employer can prove that your employment contract was voided because of any of the above reasons, you have a good chance of recovering damages for your troubles. Depending on the violation, your employer may even be subject to sanctions and additional penalties as a way of keeping him or her from committing the same violation in the future.
If you believe that you were wrongfully terminated, you may be feeling frustrated, confused, and even angry. However, while you have every right to feel those emotions, it could hurt you in the long run to act on them outside of the court system. You need to be careful about what actions you take and to whom you speak about your situation. The best thing you can do is to retain the help of a skilled Chicago wrongful termination lawyer who can advise you on what steps to take to a successful recovery. Your lawyer can help you keep a level head, investigate the incident, and ensure that you do not do anything to jeopardize your case or your future.
At the Law Office of Mitchell A. Kline, we have been helping workers throughout the nation pursue wrongful termination cases and collect damages for their troubles. If you were fired for no seemingly legitimate reason, contact our Chicago employees' rights law firm today. We can help you gather the necessary evidence to prove wrongdoing, build your case, and fight on your behalf in court. Call today to schedule your free and private consultation.


I am thinking today of my sweet maternal grandmother, Velma, whose mood was always even, who always tried to see the best. My grandma ate oranges with the rind and pith - that bitter peel - along with the sweet insides. I often marveled at that, wondering why she would do that, and when I asked her, she would always smile and tell me that's the way she always ate oranges. It was a metaphor for her life. She had reason to be bitter - her life had not always been rosy - but she smiled and took the bitter with the sweet. I believe she chose to put away the bad times and focus on the good and wonderful. She had a hope for the future, and looked forward to the day when she would enter eternity with Jesus.
Grandma always made you feel that you were her favorite. She had seven children, many grandchildren and great grand children, but if you were with her, one on one, you felt that you were the only one that mattered. There was not one of her children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, or friends who did not love her. In all my life, I hope to someday be a little bit like her.
I know that I attempt to keep that positive spirit. I often think of Grandma, and remember her outlook, and her faith. I know, if she were here, she would be encouraging me to put one foot in front of the other and trust the Lord. Sometimes, though, I feel a sense of exhaustion; it's all too much. I just want to curl up into a ball and go to bed, forget the challenges I have for a little while.
If you have a child with a disability, are dealing with a terminal illness, or a challenge of some kind, you know that feeling of exhaustion. Strength is there so much of the time, but something happens, and that strength seems to seep out of your body like water through a sieve. I felt that this week, and had to finally stop and give this sense of hopelessness to God. Sometimes the only prayer we can pray is "Help." And help will come "right quickly."
Did Grandma feel that feeling of exhaustion and helplessness? I believe she did, as all of us do at times. She still kept that positive spirit.


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completethepuzzles@gmail.com
31 May What Is Autism?
There is no one type of autism, but many.
Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication. According to the Centers for Disease Control, autism affects an estimated 1 in 59 children in the United States today.
We know that there is not one autism but many subtypes, most influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Because autism is a spectrum disorder, each person with autism has a distinct set of strengths and challenges. The ways in which people with autism learn, think and problem-solve can range from highly skilled to severely challenged. Some people with ASD may require significant support in their daily lives, while others may need less support and, in some cases, live entirely independently.
Several factors may influence the development of autism, and it is often accompanied by sensory sensitivities and medical issues such as gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, seizures or sleep disorders, as well as mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression and attention issues.
Indicators of autism usually appear by age 2 or 3. Some associated development delays can appear even earlier, and often, it can be diagnosed as early as 18 months. Research shows that early intervention leads to positive outcomes later in life for people with autism.
* In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association merged four distinct autism diagnoses into one umbrella diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They included autistic disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and Asperger syndrome.
Reference : www.autismspeaks.org
Complete The Puzzle
The organization, Complete The Puzzle is a nonprofit charitable organization based in Virginia, USA and dedicated to working with children and youth who are suffering from developmental disabilities.
4008 Clipper Ln, Portsmouth, VA


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Q: Trigger Insert in database CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER no8 BEFORE INSERT ON pegawai FOR EACH ROW
   BEGIN
     IF :NEW."gaji" BETWEEN '1000000' AND '3000000' THEN
         insert into pegawai
              ("no_ktp", "nama", "jenis_kel", "alamat",
              "tgl_lahir", "gaji", "no_dep")
         values (:new."no_ktp", :new."nama", :new."jenis_kel", :new."alamat",
                  :new."tgl_lahir", :new."gaji", :new."no_dep");
     END IF;
   END;

*I tried to insert this query ,
INSERT INTO pegawai VALUES
       ('20104490002','NELA','2','SIDOARJO','14-AUG-1975', '900000', '5')
but it give me this error:
ORA-04098: trigger 'SYSTEM.VALIDASI' is invalid and failed
re-validation

Help me please..

A: You can't use an insert statement on a trigger for a table that is object of the trigger. Mainly not a BEFORE. It could get an infinite loop.
If you are trying to alter the values you are inserting on the table you should just change the values of the fields on :new.FIELD_NAME
As an example:
IF :NEW."gaji" BETWEEN '1000000' AND '3000000' THEN
    --say that you need to change the value of :new."nama" just do:
    :new."nama":= 'new Value';
end if;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Certified Benz & Beemer Compares 2015 BMW 6 SERIES VS 2015 Mercedes E-Class Near Scottsdale, AZ
2015 Mercedes E-Class
The 6 Series offers all-wheel drive to maximize traction under poor conditions, especially in ice and snow. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer all-wheel drive.
A passive infrared night vision system optional on the 6 Series helps the driver to more easily detect people, animals or other objects in front of the vehicle at night. Using an infrared camera to detect heat, the system then displays the image on a monitor in the dashboard. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer a night vision system.
Both the 6 Series and the E-Class Cabriolet have standard driver and passenger frontal airbags, front side-impact airbags, driver knee airbags, side-impact head airbags, front seatbelt pretensioners, plastic fuel tanks, four-wheel antilock brakes, traction control and electronic stability systems to prevent skidding.
The 6 Series' corrosion warranty is 8 years and unlimited miles longer than the E-Class Cabriolet's (12/unlimited vs. 4/50,000).
BMW pays for scheduled maintenance on the 6 Series for 4 years and 50,000 miles. BMW will pay for oil changes, lubrication and any other required maintenance. Mercedes doesn't pay scheduled maintenance for the E-Class Cabriolet.
There are over 12 percent more BMW dealers than there are Mercedes dealers, which makes it easier should you ever need service under the 6 Series' warranty.
Reliability Comparison
J.D. Power and Associates rated the 6 Series third among midsize premium sporty cars in their 2013 Initial Quality Study. The E-Class Cabriolet isn't in the top three in its category.
J.D. Power and Associates' 2014 Initial Quality Study of new car owners surveyed provide the statistics that show that BMW vehicles are better in initial quality than Mercedes vehicles. J.D. Power ranks BMW 8th in initial quality, above the industry average. With 7 more problems per 100 vehicles, Mercedes is ranked 13th.
The 6 Series has more powerful engines than the E-Class Cabriolet:
650i 4.4 turbo V8
M6 4.4 turbo V8
M6 Competition Package 4.4 turbo V8
E400 Cabriolet 3.0 turbo V6
On the EPA test cycle the 640i Convertible RWD gets better fuel mileage than the E400 Cabriolet (20 city/31 hwy vs. 20 city/29 hwy).
Regenerative brakes improve the 6 Series' fuel efficiency by converting inertia back into energy instead of wasting it. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer a regenerative braking system.
The 6 Series' standard fuel tank has 1.1 gallons more fuel capacity than the E-Class Cabriolet (18.5 vs. 17.4 gallons), for longer range between fill-ups. The 6 Series M6's standard fuel tank has 3.7 gallons more fuel capacity than the E-Class Cabriolet (21.1 vs. 17.4 gallons).
For better stopping power the 6 Series' brake rotors are larger than those on the E-Class Cabriolet:
M6 Carbon Brakes
E400 Cabriolet
For better traction, the 6 Series has larger standard tires than the E-Class Cabriolet (245/45R18 vs. 235/40R18). The M6's tires are larger than the largest tires available on the E-Class Cabriolet (F:265/40R19 & R:295/35R19 vs. F:235/40R18 & R:255/35R18).
For better ride, handling and brake cooling the 6 Series offers optional 20-inch wheels. The E-Class Cabriolet's largest wheels are only 19-inches.
Changing a flat tire near traffic can be dangerous and inconvenient. The run-flat tires standard on the 6 Series can be driven up to 50 miles without any air pressure, allowing you to drive to a service station for a repair. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer run-flat tires.
The 6 Series offers an available active suspension system, which counteracts cornering forces actively, limiting body roll and improving handling and stability. Mercedes doesn't offer an active suspension on the E-Class Cabriolet.
For a smoother ride and more stable handling, the M6 Convertible's wheelbase is 3.5 inches longer than on the E-Class Cabriolet (112.2 inches vs. 108.7 inches).
For better handling and stability, the average track (width between the wheels) on the 6 Series is 2.5 inches wider in the front and 4 inches wider in the rear than the track on the E-Class Cabriolet.
The 6 Series Convertible has 8 cubic feet more passenger volume than the E-Class Cabriolet (88 vs. 80).
The 6 Series Convertible has a much larger trunk with its top down than the E-Class Cabriolet with its top down (10.6 vs. 8.8 cubic feet). The 6 Series Convertible has a larger trunk with its top up than the E-Class Cabriolet with its top up (12.4 vs. 11.5 cubic feet).
The 6 Series offers an optional heads-up display which projects speed and other key instrumentation readouts onto the windshield, allowing drivers to view information without diverting their eyes from the road. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer a heads-up display.
Heated windshield washer nozzles are standard on the 6 Series to prevent washer fluid and nozzles from freezing and help continue to keep the windshield clear in sub-freezing temperatures. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer heated windshield washer nozzles.
In poor weather, headlights can lose their effectiveness as grime builds up on their lenses. This can reduce visibility without the driver realizing. The 6 Series has standard headlight washers to keep headlight output high. The E-Class Cabriolet doesn't offer headlight washers.


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Peter Overby
View Slideshow 1 of 2
Doby Photography / NPR
Peter Overby has covered Washington power, money, and influence since a foresighted NPR editor created the beat in 1994.
Overby has covered scandals involving House Speaker Newt Gingrich, President Bill Clinton, lobbyist Jack Abramoff and others. He tracked the rise of campaign finance regulation as Congress passed campaign finance reform laws, and the rise of deregulation as Citizens United and other Supreme Court decisions rolled those laws back.
During President Trump's first year in office, Overby was on a team of NPR journalists covering conflicts of interest sparked by the Trump family business. He did some of the early investigations of dark money, dissecting a money network that influenced a Michigan judicial election in 2013, and — working with the Center for Investigative Reporting — surfacing below-the-radar attack groups in the 2008 presidential election.
In 2009, Overby co-reported Dollar Politics, a multimedia series on lawmakers, lobbyists and money as the Senate debated the Affordable Care Act. The series received an award for excellence from the Capitol Hill-based Radio and Television Correspondents Association. Earlier, he won an Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Silver Baton for his coverage of the 2000 elections and 2001 Senate debate on campaign finance reform.
Prior to NPR, Overby was an editor/reporter for Common Cause Magazine, where he shared an Investigative Reporters and Editors award. He worked on daily newspapers for 10 years, and has freelanced for publications ranging from Utne Reader and the Congressional Quarterly Guide To Congress to the Los Angeles Times and Washington Post.
Sheldon Adelson, Conservative Donor And Casino Titan, Dies At 87
By Peter Overby • Jan 12, 2021
Updated at 12:27 p.m. ET
Casino magnate Sheldon Adelson, one of the most prolific donors in conservative politics, died Monday night at the age of 87 due to complications from treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, according to a statement from Las Vegas Sands, the company he founded.
David Koch Dies; Conservative Billionaire Helped Reshape U.S. Politics
By Peter Overby & Brian Naylor • Aug 23, 2019
David Koch, who built one of the nation's largest private businesses with his brother Charles and pumped money into conservative groups to help reshape American politics, has died.
Charles Koch confirmed the news in a statement on Friday that referenced David's long-running ailment.
Red Shift: How Republicans Plan To Catch Democrats In Online Fundraising
By Peter Overby • Jul 1, 2019
This story is published in partnership with The Center for Public Integrity
The headline posed a straightforward question: "Where is the Republican ActBlue?"
Very of the moment — except it was published more than a decade ago, during George W. Bush's administration.
Democrats Want To End Dark Money, But First They Want To Use It
By Peter Overby • May 7, 2019
Reform-minded Democrats have long held up "dark money" — political money that can't be traced to its source — as a symptom of what's wrong with politics in Washington. But while House Democrats this winter passed a bill to end the secrecy shielding donors behind unregulated dark money contributions, liberal activist groups now deploy those funds to boost the party's candidates in the 2020 elections.
White House Lawyers Discussed Trump Tax Returns With Treasury Department
By Peter Overby • Apr 9, 2019
Updated at 4:35 p.m. ET
White House lawyers communicated with the Treasury Department about how to handle House Democrats' request for President Trump's tax returns even before they made it, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said Tuesday.
Ted Cruz Sues Federal Election Commission
A new lawsuit by Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, targets an obscure provision of campaign finance law.
At issue is loophole-closing language that restricts how much money lawmakers can accept from donors after Election Day as they seek to recoup loans they made to their campaigns.
The 2002 McCain-Feingold campaign finance law puts a $250,000 limit on payments from postelection donors, even if the candidate lent more, and there's a 20-day deadline for donors to contribute. Cruz is suing the Federal Election Commission as enforcer of the provision.
How Trump's Campaign Fundraising Compares With 2020 Democratic Contenders
Small Donors Hold The Key To Campaign Buzz And The Democrats' Debate Stage
By Peter Overby • Mar 23, 2019
As Democratic presidential hopefuls seek to grow the small-donor juggernaut that fueled the party's takeover of the House of Representatives last year, the Democratic National Committee is giving them a firm shove, offering slots in the presidential primary debates to candidates who build a broad fundraising base.
"I really believe that we're at our best when we're connecting with people," DNC chair Tom Perez told MSNBC recently. "That's how we won in 2018, and frankly that's how Barack Obama won in 2008. And that's exactly what I think this will incentivize."
Democratic Presidential Contenders Look To Small Donations For Funding
MARY LOUISE KELLY, HOST:
Presidential candidates have to file their first campaign finance reports at the end of this month. As NPR's Peter Overby reports, Democratic candidates are taking a tip from last year's congressional races and asking for small donations.
'Not In Compliance': Wilbur Ross, The Trump Official Who Keeps Watchdogs Up At Night
By Peter Overby • Feb 27, 2019
Rich businessman Wilbur Ross' promise to divest millions of dollars' worth of assets upon becoming Commerce Department secretary drew warm praise in 2017, even from Democrats.
Unpacking What The American Israel Public Affairs Committee Does
Trump's Inaugural Committee Says It Intends To Cooperate With Federal Prosecutors
By Peter Overby • Feb 5, 2019
ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:
Democratic Presidential Hopefuls Compete To Spurn Establishment Cash
As Sens. Elizabeth Warren, Kamala Harris and Kirsten Gillibrand jumped into the Democratic presidential nomination contest, they staked out the same position against corporate campaign cash.
Democratic Presidential Candidates Say 'No' To Corporate PAC Money
Shutdown Shutters Many D.C. Tourist Attractions — But Not The One In Trump's Hotel
The government's partial shutdown has turned Washington's National Mall into a bleak place. Trash cans are overflowing, museums and historic sites are shuttered. Park Service rangers and Smithsonian employees are furloughed as the shutdown drags on.
House Democrats Introduce Anti-Corruption Bill As Symbolic 1st Act
By Peter Overby • Jan 5, 2019
It isn't your usual bill, the For The People Act introduced Friday by House Democrats. Also known as HR 1, symbolically their first legislation, it is a 571-page compendium of existing problems and proposed solutions in four political hot zones: voting, political money, redistricting and ethics.
A pledge to pass the bill was a common theme among Democratic House candidates last year.
"We heard loud and clear from the American people," Rep. John Sarbanes, D-Md., told reporters Friday. "They feel left out and locked out from their own democracy."
The Year In Washington Scandals: The 'Swamp' Remained Murky In 2018
By Peter Overby • Dec 30, 2018
This year has been a dismal one for ethics in Washington. Even without a repeat of the 2017 tide of sexual harassment cases in Congress and not counting the results of the Mueller investigation, the D.C. "swamp" remains as stagnant as ever.
It was a year when President Trump pushed out three of his own Cabinet officers over ethics concerns: Secretary David Shulkin at the Department of Veterans Affairs, Secretary Ryan Zinke at Interior and Administrator Scott Pruitt at the Environmental Protection Agency.
Why It's Been A Dismal Year For Ethics In Washington
It's been a bad year for ethics in Washington. That's true even when you set aside the Russia mess. NPR's Peter Overby has the story.
Trump Foundation Will Close As Investigation Into Their Activities Continues
Florida Congressman Has Yet To Take Office Amid Talk Of Investigations
Last month, Ross Spano won the race to represent Florida's 15th Congressional District. But there's now talk of investigations into how the Republican lawmaker financed his campaign. Here's NPR's Peter Overby.
Trump Emoluments Case: A Blast Of Subpoenas And A Politically Risky Schedule
By Peter Overby & Brett Neely • Dec 5, 2018
In a case that could shed light on the finances of the secretive Trump Organization, a federal judge has signed orders to issue 30 subpoenas on behalf of the attorneys general of Maryland and the District of Columbia in their lawsuit alleging that President Trump is profiting from foreign and state governments' spending at the Trump International Hotel in downtown Washington, D.C.
Federal Judge Signs Off On Subpoenas To Businesses Associated With Trump
By Peter Overby • Dec 4, 2018
Ethics Agency Warns Federal Workers Not To Discuss Impeachment Or 'Resistance'
By Peter Overby • Nov 30, 2018
A federal ethics agency is telling civil servants to avoid workplace talk about impeachment and #resistance for the next 705 days — until the day after Election Day 2020.
The memo from the Office of Special Counsel also warns federal employees not to engage in "strong criticism or praise of a presidential administration's policies and actions." The only presidential administration right now is President Trump's. The document was circulated to ethics officials across the government this week.
Democrats Built A Small-Donor Money Machine. Now, Republicans Want Their Own
The midterm elections illuminated a gap in Republican fundraising. While wealthy conservatives continued to fund party committees and superPACs, Democrats beat Republicans in the contest for small-donor contributions.
In 73 hot House races, Democrats raised more than $62 million from donors of $200 or less. Republicans raised barely $27 million.
Democrats Say Their First Bill Will Focus On Strengthening Democracy At Home
Democrats will take control of the U.S. House in January with big items topping their legislative to-do list: Remove obstacles to voting, close loopholes in government ethics law and reduce the influence of political money.
Party leaders say the first legislative vote in the House will come on H.R. 1, a magnum opus of provisions that Democrats believe will strengthen U.S. democratic institutions and traditions.
Following House Win, Democrats Vow To Clean Up Capitol Hill And Trump Administration
By Peter Overby • Nov 7, 2018
House Democrats Push Harder On Trump's Role In Locating New FBI Headquarters
House Democrats want more documents regarding the FBI's future move to a new headquarters, a project that changed direction after officials from the FBI and other agencies met with President Trump last January.
Voters Could Clamp Down On Ethics, Campaign Finance At The Ballot Box
By Peter Overby • Oct 30, 2018
Updated at 11:45 a.m. ET
Voters in more than a dozen states will vote on ballot questions next Tuesday to enact stringent laws on campaign finance and other government ethics issues affecting state and local lawmakers.
Democrats Promise More Trump Investigations If They Win The House
Democrats Vow To Rein In Trump Administration If They Win The House
It's one of the highest of the high stakes in the midterm elections. Democrats promise to put the Trump administration under the microscope of oversight investigations if they win control of the House.
Aggressive oversight would mark an abrupt about-face for Congress, where Republican leaders for two years have avoided confronting President Trump. GOP-led committees have resisted investigating alleged wrongdoing by officials, as well as questions about Trump's own possible conflicts of interest.


"Nobody's ever a hero in Belgium," Freddy Maertens once said. Meaning that however good you are, there's always someone to say you're not. Except that Philippe Gilbert was different. Not only did he not have the buzzing mosquito battle that Maertens and Eddy Merckx had, but like Merckx and unlike Maertens, he is neither clearly of the Dutch-speaking north or the French-speaking south.
And if that seems unimportant then it's worth reading a history of Belgium.
True enough, his first language is French. But he comes from neither north nor south but the eastern extreme of Liège, which is itself a curiosity because it has an enclave in which the official language is neither French nor Dutch but German. So Gilbert spoke French and Dutch equally well with only a tiny accent to betray him. Like Merckx, he could be claimed by both sides and be embraced as a symbol of a future, socially united Belgium.
In 2012 he won the world championship just over the border in the hilly Limburg province of Holland, where the Amstel Gold Race wriggles. The race rode 105 kilometers through southern Limburg before starting ten laps of a circuit to complete 267 kilometers just beyond the Cauberg.
Gilbert attacked the final time up the Cauberg, where the Amstel finishes and which is 1.5-kilometer long climb and up to 12 percent, and won Belgium's first road championship title since Tom Boonen in Madrid in 2005. The race marked a turning, because he'd won only two races all season. But it was also made for him, since he'd won the Amstel in 2010 and 2011.
The Italians had wanted to get in first, sending Luca Paolini to lead out Vincenzo Nibali. At one moment there were four Belgians on Nibali's wheel. But the Italians went too soon and faded and Gilbert rode by on his big ring.