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Climate Nugget
Ambitious policy
News from Solar Impulse Foundation
#1000solutions
HISTORIC FLIGHT STORIES
Insights — August 06, 2018
China, rise of a cleantech giant
Written by Tristan Lebleu
When it comes to environmental protection, China triggers mixed reactions. As the world's largest polluter, China emits more than a quarter of the world's global carbon emissions, which is more than the US and Europe combined. This is essentially due to their considerable use of dirty fossil fuels, such as coal. However, the government is putting tremendous efforts into cleaning their economic growth. China's shift to a cleaner economy is being mainly driven by drastic environmental policies and a rapidly surging cleantech scene.
The rising cleantech scene
An increasing number of startup hubs and incubators are sprouting up across Chinese cities. Our team was warmly welcomed by Impact Hub Shanghai and Feiy, two organisation fostering high impact and sustainable entrepreneurship. At an evening event hosted at the Impact Hub coworking space, Willem and Jonathan presented the Solar Impulse history and story, from the Solar airplane to the 1000 Solutions. The story seemed to inspire and capture the younger generation of Chinese who have witnessed environmental degradation first hand.
"I grew up next to a river in Lanzhou. When I was a kid, I use to swim there all the time. Nowadays, the water is so polluted, it has become dangerous to even touch it" according to Mr Huang Zhengjie who welcomed our team at Ktech, a Shanghai based business incubator. Water pollution is indeed a massive issue in China, reports show. According to a recent New York Times article, "More than 80 percent of the water from underground wells used by farms, factories and households across the heavily populated plains of China is unfit for drinking or bathing because of contamination from industry and farming".
But water pollution is just one out of a plethora of environmental issues China is facing, including air pollution, deforestation, the endangerment of species, soil contamination.
Destruction of the natural environment have prompted the Chinese people and its government to take action. We found that in China, a lot of innovation is policy driven, as the government sets tough and immediate new regulations to drastically reduce local pollution. China's focus on environmental protection in the most recent 5 year plan is a clear indication of that. This is very much inverse to the European model, where grassroot innovation leads the way and policy change is slow to follow. Yet, in a country known for its appetite for new technologies and innovation, we also witness a growing albeit fledgling bottom up cleantech scene. The increasing number of cleantech startup incubators, accelerators, and coworking spaces is a testimony to that. Shanghai's Tongji University alone operates nine different platforms from startup nurseries to acceleration programmes. "But a lot of innovation still comes from abroad" says Xuan Ling, Secretary General at the Bluetech Clean Air Alliance, whose mission it is to make the skies of China blue again. "We operate an awards and implementation programme for solutions from many countries, including China, and have so far received applications from 16 countries".
In order to embrace the transition towards a clean economy, the most promising innovations are being tested and piloted across the country. This is the case on the Chongming ecological island just north of Shanghai, where the Shanghai International Green Innovation Centre will test some of the 1000 Solar Impulse labeled solutions. As our team delivered a speech in Chinese at the opening ceremony of SNEC, the largest photovoltaic fair in the world, they signed a memorandum of understanding with the innovation centre sealing our collaboration.
Our team also had the opportunity to meet with Mao Daqing, the founder of UCommune, the largest chain of coworking spaces in China. Since its launch three years ago, the Beijing-based company has become the biggest flexible office provider in China. It has more than 140 locations and is valued at $1.7 billion and has over 7,000 members. While it doesn't focus solely on cleantech, the leading coworking company in China has put a strong focus on hosting sustainable innovators, and has agreed to join our #1000solutions challenge by helping us identify cleantech solutions.
The rise of the cleantech ecosystem in China is driven in particular by strong investment flows into the sector. According to a whitepaper from Tsing Capital, a leading Chinese sustainability investment firm, "In 2015, total investment in clean energy reached $101.2 billion. China has strategically planned for the deployment of clean energy and electric vehicles. From 2015 to 2020, new investment in renewable energy will reach RMB 2.3 trillion. Furthermore, China will invest $368 billion in ultra-high voltage grids, smart grids and distribution grids in the next 5 years; this is necessary infrastructure for dealing with power generation from solar/wind energy. By 2020, China plans to increase electric vehicle sales to 5 million, a tenfold increase compared to 2015. The increased amounts of investments in sustainable technology areas have greatly increased China's competitiveness in the low carbon market, and it could soon overtake the European Union."
Investments and startup support infrastructures have been decisive in making the country a leader in clean technologies. In the latest Clean200 list, launched by As You Sow and Corporate Knights, Chinese firms top the list of 200 green energy and technology companies across a range of sectors, including biofuels and battery storage.
Now a question remains: how can all these Chinese cleantech companies enter western markets and reach mass adoption? The strong language barrier and huge internal demand make it more difficult for Chinese companies to expand in Western markets. And this is exactly where the Solar Impulse Foundation and its World Alliance for Efficient Solutions comes in. We aim at bringing business opportunities to startups which have great technologies but lack the visibility to fully unlock their potential. By opening up our network to the world, we want to simplify the implementation of clean technologies, including Chinese solutions.
Chinese innovators, you can join our #1000solutions challenge by submitting your solution today!
Written by Tristan Lebleu on August 06, 2018
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Delightful Birds of a Feather at Punta Mangle in the Galapagos
On a recent vacation visit to the Galapagos Islands, we were treated to a morning out on the waters of Punta Mangle on Fernandina Island, a fresh, sparkling and fun place that also happens to be perfect for bird watching. We're sharing highlights and our best photos from Punta Mangle in the Galapagos Islands, home to indigenous birds like Blue-Footed Boobies, brown pelicans, Flightless Cormorants and penguins, along with sea lions, iguanas and more.
Where is Punta Mangle located?
Fernandina Island is the youngest and one of the most active volcano sites in the Galapagos archipelago. The Punta Mangle cove sits on the island's western coast, and its vibe reflects its relative youth. The day we sped through the cove on a Zodiac, it felt like there was a party going on.
Punta Mangle in the Galapagos Islands. Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
First, there's the gorgeous unspoiled surroundings. The Punta Mengle peninsula was formed by black lava flows that are covered in part by mangroves. The combination makes for stunning vistas in the water and onshore.
The bay at Punta Mangle in the Galapagos Islands. Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
The dark black lava makes the vibrant red shells of the Sally Lightfoot crabs even more beautiful. Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
But its the creatures who live in this special place that make it feel full of fun, joy and ease.The bay at Punta Mangle is the point where the land meets the sea. And the nexus of these two environments creates an ecosystem perfect for birdlife. Sea birds, shorebirds and land birds all live in this cove. Alongside marine iguanas, sea lions and bright red Sally Lightfoot crabs. Somehow, there's room on the rocks for all.
"Happy Island" on Punta Mengle in the Galapagos Islands. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
In fact, our expedition guide calls the rock where many of them choose to gather to bask in the sun "Happy Island." He compares it to Miami Beach – "everyone's on vacation and feeling fine."
With that same exuberant spirit, have a look at some of our best photos and highlights from a recent vacation visit to Punta Mengle.
highlights and best photos of a morning at Punta Mengle in the Galapagos Islands.
1. The Blue-Footed Boobie.
While blue-footed boobies live on many islands in the Galapagos archipelago, Punta Mangle is without question one of the most photogenic places to see them. They occupy rocks, outcroppings and small islands in the bay, sharing them with frigatebirds, flightless cormorants, marine iguanas, sea lions and brown pelicans.
It's hard to choose a favorite animal in the Galapagos Islands. There are so many unusual, beautiful and quirky creatures in this ecosystem that it's probably not even reasonable to expect to be able to name just one. And yet . . . if we had to choose a favorite, for us it would be the Blue-Footed Boobie.
Blue-Footed Boobie in Punta Mengle in the Galapagos Islands. Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
the eternal charm of the blue-footed boobie
Blue-Footed Boobies have unforgettable feet, of course – and the healthier they are, the bluer their feet will be. They evolved this way because the bright blue color helps them attract mates, and signals that they'd be a good candidate.
A Galapagos Islands Blue-Footed Boobie. Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
When they're standing alone, or preening their feathers in small groups of two or three, the Blue-Footed Boobies of the Galapagos Islands can look serious – and even occasionally elegant.
Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
They seem quite neighborly with the other birds, readily offering marine iguanas, Frigatebirds and Flightless Cormorants a space to hang out and chill.
©Dandelion Chandelier.
However, the morning we were there, the Blue-Footed Boobie flock did seem to be having some kind of beef with the seal on the next rock over.
Despite the occasional turf war, what makes us love Blue-Footed Boobies the most is their facial expressions when they're in groups, which can be surprisingly, poignantly and comically human. Nowhere is this more present than on Punta Mengle on a bright morning.
Take, for example, this lineup on a rock in the middle of the bay. They look eerily reminiscent of a group of people waiting in the checkout line at a grocery store.
A collection of seabirds in the Galapagos Islands. Photo ©Dandelion Chandelier.
This group that reminded us of our morning commute, where's there's always that one guy who just won't stop talking and leave us in peace.
Blue-Footed Boobie Flock on the Hunt
But the most dramatic site at Punta Mengle was when a flock of Blue-Footed Boobies took to the sky to hunt for prey in the waters below. They depart in a sudden flurry of feathers, everyone in the flock joining in.
Blue-footed Boobies at Punta Mengle in the Galapagos Islands. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
The Blue-Footed Boobies fly as a group, looking for prey in the waters below them. The, in an oddly beautiful and perfectly timed move, they all dive-bomb into the water to catch fish.
A flock of Blue-Footed Boobies in the Galapagos Islands diving for fish. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
It's a remarkable level of coordination, grace and precision. If the group doesn't catch a sufficient quantity of food, they quickly regroup and dive-bomb again.
the Galapagos penguin.
Of course, the Blue-Footed Boobies are not the only birds in Punte Mengle. We spotted at least one of the pint-sized Galapagos penguins. It's odd to think of penguins as living in a tropical zone so close to the Equator. But we spotted them several times during the course of our vacation.
Like this adorable one in Punta Mengle.
Photos from Punta Mangle in Galapagos Islands, with birds like Blue-Footed Boobies and penguins, plus sea lions and marine iguanas. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
They spend time sunning on the rocks and swimming, along with the marine iguanas and the other sea birds.
Galapagos penguin swimming in the waters of Punta Mengle. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
Flightless cormorants and frigatebirds.
While the Blue-Footed Boobies and the Galapagos penguins get all the glory, there are other beautiful birds in this part of the Galapagos Islands with their own interesting backstories.
Flightless Cormorants, for example, are the only species of cormorant to have evolved and thrived with no ability to fly. They're expert swimmers and divers, and they're one of the lesser known but fascinating sea birds in the archipelago.
Similarly, Frigatebirds have feathers in muted colors. But they're very much a part of the lively ecosystem here.
Marine iguanas.
The shoreline is home to all three different species of mangrove: red, white and black. The root system of these trees serves as a nursery for many species of fish and reptiles, including juvenile sharks and green sea turtles. Marine iguanas are abundant, as they feed on the algae here.
As on other parts of Fernandina Island, Punta Mangle is home to thousands of marine iguanas. They like to cluster together on the rocks and shoreline of this bay, and can often be found swimming.
Marine iguana at Elizabeth Bay in the Galapagos Islands. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
Look closely and you'll see that this rock is covered with marine iguanas resting in the sun. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
Marine iguana swimming in the waters of Punte Mengle in the Galapagos Islands. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
sea lions.
We spotted a juvenile male sea lion sunning himself on a rock adjacent to a group of Blue-Footed Boobies and Frigate Birds. His expressions and movements were priceless entertainment.
Sea lion on a rock in the bay at Punta Mengle in the Galapagos Islands. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
Galapagos Island sea lion. ©Dandelion Chandelier.
Here, he seems to be making an existential cry for help and meaning. Or maybe he just wants a sandwich?
birds of a feather on punta mangle in the galapagos islands
Those are some of our best photos from Punta Mangle on Fernandina Island in the Galapagos archipelago, home to Blue-Footed Boobies, Flightless Cormorants, penguins, sea lions and more. If you have the chance to visit, definitely do. It's one of the most beautiful places we've ever seen.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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From the case: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
Axial T2
contributed by Dr Ahmed Abdrabou on April 11, 2019
Section: Classifications
Tag: trauma
Modality: MRI (T2)
- " Grey-white matter junction, corpus callosum and dorsal aspect of the brainstem are common sites for diffuse axonal injury. The case illustrates fi..."
Diffuse axonal injury - " Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), also known as traumatic axonal injury (TAI), is a severe form of traumatic brain injury due to shearing forces. It is..."
Diffuse axonal injury (grading) - " Grading of diffuse axonal injury has been described histologically according to the anatomic distribution of injury, which correlated with outcome..."
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See the case: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)


Setting the resolution fieldA JIRA workflow is a set of statuses and transitions that an issue moves through during its lifecycle and typically represents processes within your organization. There are default built-in workflows that cannot be edited; however, you can copy and use these workflows to create your own.
In JIRA, an issue is either open or closed, based on the value of its 'Resolution' field — not its 'Status' field.


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Плотина Эль-Кахон — мексиканская гидроэлектростанция на реке Рио-Гранде-де-Сантьяго.

Плотина электростанции является каменно-набросной с бетонным водонепроницаемым экраном. Её длина —  ( по гребню), высота — . Полная ёмкость водохранилища около . Электростанция приплотинная, подземная. Установленная мощность генераторов  (2 генератора СВ-1182/300-48ТВ4 мощностью 375 МВт), среднегодовая выработка электроэнергии . Управляется Федеральной комиссией Мексики по электроэнергетике.

Строительство началось в 2003 году и было завершено в июне 2007 года. Результаты строительства гидроэлектростанции Эль-Кахон, по оценке экспертов Федеральной комиссии, следующие:
 стоимость постройки 800 миллионов долларов;
 экономический эффект в размере 2 миллиардов песо (160 миллионов долларов);
 создано около 10 000 прямых и косвенных рабочих мест;
 улучшение подъездных дорог, полезное для примерно ;
 ориентировочная ежегодная экономия в два миллиона баррелей () мазута;
 упорядочивание функционирования ГЭС Aguamilpa (Aguamilpa Hydroelectric Station) за счет регулирования стоков в бассейне Рио-Гранде-де-Сантьяго.
При строительстве бетонного водонепроницаемого экрана была применена инновационная технология: различные участки экрана выполнены из бетона с разными гранулометрическими характеристиками. Это обеспечило 25-процентную экономию в объёме экрана.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Chinese National Committee on Large Dams

Плотины Мексики

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


What does 'grounds of legitimate interest' mean?
As a company/organisation, you often need to process personal data in order to carry out tasks related to your business activities. The processing of personal data in that context may not necessarily be justified by a legal obligation or carried out to execute the terms of a contract with an individual. In such cases, processing of personal data can be justified on grounds of legitimate interest.
Your company/organisation must inform individuals about the processing when collecting their personal data.
Your company/organisation must also check that by pursuing its legitimate interests the rights and freedoms of those individuals are not seriously impacted, otherwise your company/organisation cannot rely on grounds of legitimate interest as a justification for processing the data and another legal ground must be found.
Your company/organisation hasa legitimate interest when the processing takes place within a client relationship, when it processes personal data for direct marketing purposes, to prevent fraud or to ensure the network and information security of your IT systems.


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Timber Console Table is a subtle touch to dress any rooms. Side wainscoting detailing with chrome pull handle. It is classic and yet sophisticated, a timeless piece. Table features four drawers for storage.


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Regulators Take On Dual Roles Dealing With King County's Broken Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ned Ahrens / King County Wastewater Treatment Division
The breakdown last month of Seattle's wastewater treatment plant has poured hundreds of millions of gallons of untreated stormwater and raw sewage into Puget Sound. Repairs alone will cost an estimated $25 million. And it's expected to take till the end of April to get the West Point Treatment Plant back to normal. Until then, the broken wastewater facility will be violating its permit and polluting Puget Sound.
The state's Department of Ecology has a dual role to play as it works with the county to help it get back in compliance, which is the ultimate goal. But it will also levy penalties against the county's Wastewater Treatment Division for all the illegal pollution it continues to release since the catastrophic event on Feb. 9, when stormwater overwhelmed the facility.
The worst is over at West Point. Right now, King County is providing partial treatment of the combined stormwater and sewage that flows into the big plant right next to Discovery Park. It's being screened to remove large debris and then disinfected and dechlorinated before it's discharged into Puget Sound.
"So it's not letting any live bacteria out into Puget Sound, but it's not being cleaned up to the level that it needs to be cleaned up, " said Sandy Howard, a spokeswoman for the Department of Ecology's water-quality program.
The illegal discharges are not dangerous for people anymore. Beaches have reopened. And the outfall they're using for substandard releases goes deep into the ocean currents, so the hope is that any damage done won't be extreme.But it's still a big deal, because it's adding lots of unwanted extra nutrients to the water.
"In Puget Sound, [those added nutrients cause] algae to grow — plants to grow," said Howard.
And when they die off, they suck oxygen out of the ecosystem, making it unhealthy.
Howard says the Department of Ecology will wait till the results of the King County Council's investigation are in this summer to decide what's appropriate in terms of fines and mitigation. But the state can charge violators up to $10,000 a day per incident.
She says it's not possible to speculate right now what they will actually be. No fines have been issued yet and lots of factors determine how those are calculated.
The money from fines collected by the state would be used for restoration work. The cost of any needed repairs would likely land on the county's wastewater budget. That's expected to affect ratepayers eventually. But it's impossible to say at this point just how much it will raise consumers' water bills.
Corrected on March 16, 2017 - An earlier version of this story incorrectly stated that fines collected by the state are sometimes used for repairs. In fact, the state does not pay for repairs using revenue collected from fines.
King County Council
West Point Treatment Plant
King County Council Approves Independent Investigation Into Wastewater Failure
COURTESY OF KING COUNTY WASTEWATER DIVISION
What caused the catastrophic failure of Seattle's main wastewater treatment plant and how can the public be sure it won't happen again?
King County Council members took emergency action Monday to ensure there's a fully independent investigation.
More Than Stormy Weather
King County Works To Speed Up Repairs At Wastewater Treatment Plant
By Simone Alicea • Feb 27, 2017
King County is working to expedite the cleanup at a wastewater treatment plant that flooded earlier this month in Seattle's Magnolia neighborhood.
The King County Council unanimously approved to extend a waiver on the county's competitive bidding process for contractors.
King County Looks To Hurricanes Sandy, Katrina For Lessons On Crippled Sewage Plant
By Will James • Mar 2, 2017
Three weeks after floodwaters crippled a major Seattle sewage treatment plant, a clearer picture of the damage is emerging.
King County's wastewater treatment director, Mark Isaacson, said the flooding that occurred Feb. 9 is unlike anything the West Point Treatment Plant has seen in its 50-year history.
Seattle, King County to spend $1.5 billion on wastewater upgrades
Wonderlane photo / Flickr
The city of Seattle and King County will spend $1.46 billion on upgrades to public sewer systems aimed at reducing the amount of polluted water entering the Puget Sound and other waterways, according to a federal settlement filed under the Clean Water Act.
Under the agreement, the city and county will also pay $750,000 in fines for dumping raw sewage into the Sound and several lakes.
Washington Seeks Federal 'No Discharge Zone' To Protect Cleanup Of Puget Sound
Boats will soon be forbidden from releasing sewage anywhere in Puget Sound if the state Department of Ecology has its way. The agency is seeking federal protection, asking the EPA to declare the Sound a "no discharge zone" for vessel sewage.
Washington Berry Grower Fined $102,000 For Illegal Water Use
'Blueberries' by Mike Licht is licensed under CC BY 2.0 bit.ly/2ii5Uh1
The Washington State Department of Ecology says it's fining a Whatcom County berry grower more than $100,000 for years of illegal water use.
Officials say that since 2011, Ecology staff have tried to work with Gurjant "George" Sandhu to bring him into compliance with water laws. But they say he continued to irrigate his 220-acre raspberry farm the past two years without water rights for much of the property, and that he failed to submit water-use records for a 120-acre blueberry farm.
BNSF Railway To Pay $75,000 For Water Quality Violations
By Associated Press • Aug 23, 2016
Matthew Brown / AP Photo
State officials say BNSF Railway will pay $75,000 to settle a 2015 penalty for water quality violations.
The Department of Ecology said Monday the railway agreed to the fine for placing creosote-treated railroad ties in water during maintenance projects in Whatcom and Skagit counties.


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Home » Production » Bridges, viaducts, overpasses
Construction of bridges, viaducts, overpasses and other extended transport structures in SkyWay string technology
SkyWay Technologies Co. offers an innovative solution for the design and construction of road, railway and pedestrian bridges, viaducts, overpasses and other extended transport structures (hereinafter — bridges). Such bridges will have features that are fully consistent with the existing national standards. For example, in the Russian Federation such a regulatory document is the Construction Norms and Regulations 2.05.03-84* "Bridges and pipes", which applies to rail, road and pedestrian bridges, bridges for metro lines and speedy trams, as well as bridges, combined with rail and road transport. In addition, string bridges correspond to national standards for the design of steel structures (in Russia it is the Construction Norms and Regulations II-23-81 "Steel structures"), all the provisions of the European Norms Project (ENV) and the new US bridge standards (AASHTO).
It is proposed to construct string bridges in the form of a pre-stressed continuous structure of steel-reinforced concrete, clamped at the ends to anchor supports, which contains road coverage, or coverage for pedestrian bridges. Solid pre-stressed string structure, clamped at the ends, by its bearing capacity and strength will replace traditional steel, reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete bridge span superstructures. It is confirmed by strength calculations, made by traditional methods in accordance with the applicable national and international standards. It is reasonable to do these calculations and studies on particular bridges jointly with specialists of the existing bridge design offices, having the experience in the design, construction and operation of suspended and cable-stayed bridges, which are structurally closest to string bridges.
Visually string bridges are similar to traditional ones because the know-how are hidden inside the structure, apart from their glaring lightness and delicateness of the structure. Thus, the proposed technology excludes the need for expansion joints throughout the whole structure, regardless of its length. It increases the smoothness, strength and durability of traditional coverage on bridges, reduces by times consumption of conventional structural materials and, consequently, reduces the cost of structures. This significantly decreases the load on intermediate supports, that are often placed in water, and accordingly, reduces the requirements for bearing capacity of soil. This also simplifies the design of other elements of the bridge structure. With significant improvement of operational features, such bridge would be much cheaper than traditional bridges. It is easily confirmed and justified by calculations made by traditional methods in accordance with the applicable national and international regulations.
Provided the load-bearing structures of traditional bridges are produced in string technologies (in the form of pre-stressed load-bearing beams or string trusses), their cost is reduced by 2–3 times or more alongside with increasing their durability and improving performance features. In particular, the coverage of motor-road bridges will be arranged without expansion joints, as the string bearing structure of the bridge will be produced continuous (uncut) throughout its entire length, without any transverse gaps and joints. For their erection, string bridges do not require non-traditional materials and technologies and can be built by existing bridge teams with existing construction equipment and construction machines.
SkyWay Technologies Co. is an engineering company engaged in project designing, construction and certification of high-speed (up to 500 km/h), urban and freight SkyWay transport systems
220116, 104 bld. 2 Dzerzhinskogo Ave., Minsk, Republic of Belarus
E-reception chamber of General director
© 2014-2020 SkyWay Technologies Co.


text:
Malajiska arkipelagen (även Malajiska öarna) omfattar i princip hela den sydostasiatiska övärlden, mellan Australien och det asiatiska fastlandet.  I arkipelagen finns åtminstone 20 000 öar. Indonesien, Filippinerna, Östtimor, Singapore och Brunei har hela sitt territorium på arkipelagens öar, liksom stora delar av Malaysia och Papua Nya Guinea.

I ögruppen ligger några av världens största öar: Nya Guinea, Borneo, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Java och Luzon.

Namn
I svensk skrift har övärlden varit känd under olika benämningar. Dessa inkluderar:
Austral-Asien (Australasien)
Indiska arkipelagen
Malajiska arkipelagen
Malajiska öarna
Ostindiska arkipelagen
Sydöstasiens övärld

Arkipelagen innehåller flera underarkipelager:
 Sundaöarna
 Stora Sundaöarna
 Små Sundaöarna
 Moluckerna
 Filippinerna

Referenser

Indonesiens ögrupper
Filippinernas ögrupper
Malaysias öar
Asiens ögrupper


NRC: EA-99-123 - SibTech, Inc.
This refers to the investigation conducted by the NRC Office of Investigations (OI) to determine if SibTech, Inc. (SibTech) knowingly engaged in the import and distribution of byproduct (radioactive) materials without a license. A copy of the OI synopsis is enclosed. Based on its investigation, OI concluded that you, as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of SibTech, imported and transferred byproduct material both domestically and internationally from 1993-1995 without a license, and distributed byproduct material to others from 1995-1998. OI did not substantiate that you deliberately violated the NRC regulations.
While most of these activities were conducted from the New York Medical College (NYMC) located in Valhalla, New York, which is under the jurisdiction of the State of New York, a NRC Agreement State, you acknowledged, during the investigation, that you had taken byproduct material as tritiated compounds to your former home in Tenafly, New Jersey (a location under NRC jurisdiction) during 1993-1995. Although you also indicated that you only repackaged the compounds at that location, your actions, nonetheless, violated NRC requirements since you received, possessed, and transferred NRC licensable radioactive materials in New Jersey without an NRC license. The violation is described in the enclosed Notice of Violation (Notice).
The circumstances surrounding this violation, its significance, and the need for lasting corrective actions were discussed with you during a telephone conversation with Ms. Judy Joustra, NRC Region 1, on May 12, 1999. During that call, you stated that you (1) admit that you violated an NRC requirement, (2) did not do so deliberately, (3) had stopped the activities that constituted the violation, and (4) had taken action to preclude the violation from happening again by applying for an NRC license on June 18, 1998. During that call, you were informed that while the NRC was considering escalated enforcement action for this violation, it may not be necessary to conduct an Predecisional Enforcement Conference since the NRC has an understanding of your corrective action. You indicated that you also did not see the need for a conference.
By possessing material in New Jersey without having an NRC license to do so, you operated outside the regulatory framework established to assure that the possession, use, and distribution of radioactive materials do not adversely affect public health and safety. As such, the NRC was unable to conduct inspections to verify whether the methods and controls you established for possessing, using, and distributing radioactive materials were in accordance with regulatory requirements established to protect public health and safety. Given the importance of proper controls over the possession, use, and distribution of radioactive material, the violation is classified at Severity Level III in accordance with the "General Statement of Policy and Procedures for NRC Enforcement Actions" (Enforcement Policy), NUREG-1600.
In accordance with the Enforcement Policy, a base civil penalty in the amount of $2,750 is considered for a Severity Level III violation. Since your company has not been the subject of any escalated enforcement action in the past, the NRC considered whether credit was warranted for Corrective Action in accordance with the civil penalty assessment process in Section VI.B.2 of the Enforcement Policy. Credit for corrective actions is warranted because your corrective action was considered prompt and comprehensive at the time the OI report was issued. This action consisted of filing of an application to possess and use such material in the State of Connecticut (a location under NRC jurisdiction). Therefore, I have been authorized to not propose a civil penalty in this case. However, similar violations in the future could result in escalated enforcement action.
You are required to respond to this letter and should follow the instructions specified in the enclosed Notice when preparing your response. In your response, you should also address (1) what actions you have taken to ensure that there was no contamination at your former residence in Tenafly, New Jersey; and (2) why the NRC should have confidence that you will continue to comply with NRC requirements in the future. The NRC will use your response, in part, to determine whether further enforcement action is necessary to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and to decide on the appropriate action on your application for an NRC license.
The OI findings also indicate that you performed activities in New York (at NYMC and your current residence in Mount Kisco) which may be violations of New York State requirements, including the New York State license issued to NYMC. Therefore, a copy of this letter, the attached Notice of Violation, and the OI synopsis, will be forwarded to the State of New York for whatever action it deems appropriate.
In accordance with Section 2.790 of NRC's "Rules of Practice," Part 2, Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, a copy of this letter and your reply will be placed in the Public Document Room (PDR). Your cooperation with us is appreciated.
10 CFR 30.3 requires, in part, that except for persons exempt, no person shall produce, transfer, receive, acquire, own, or possess byproduct material except as authorized in a specific or general license issued pursuant to Title 10, Chapter, Code of Federal Regulations.
Contrary to the above, between 1993-1995, SibTech, Inc. transferred, received, acquired, owned and possessed millicurie amounts of tritiated (H-3) compounds at the then private residence of the SibTech Chief Executive Officer in Tenafly, New Jersey, and at the time, SibTech did not possess a valid NRC license to do so, and SibTech, Inc. was not exempt from the requirements for a license.
Pursuant to the provisions of 10 CFR 2.2001, SibTech, Inc. is hereby required to submit a written statement or explanation to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, ATTN: Document Control Desk, Washington, DC 20555, with a copy to the Regional Administrator, Region 1, within 30 days of the date of the letter transmitting this Notice of Violation (Notice). This reply should be clearly marked as a "Reply to a Notice of Violation" and should include for each violation: (1) the reason for the violation, or, if contested, the basis for disputing the violation or severity level, (2) the corrective steps that have been taken and the results achieved, (3) the corrective steps that will be taken to avoid further violations, and (4) the date when full compliance will be achieved. Your response may reference or include previous docketed correspondence, if the correspondence adequately addresses the required response. If an adequate reply is not received within the time specified in this Notice, an order or a Demand for Information may be issued as to why the license should not be modified, suspended, or revoked, or why such other action as may be proper should not be taken. Where good cause is shown, consideration will be given to extending the response time.
Under the authority of Section 182 of the Act, 42 U.S.C. 2232, your response shall be submitted under oath or affirmation.
Because your response will be placed in the NRC Public Document Room (PDR), to the extent possible, it should not include any personal privacy or proprietary information so that it can be placed in the PDR without redaction. If personal privacy or proprietary information is necessary to provide an acceptable response, then please provide a bracketed copy of your response that identifies the information that should be protected and a redacted copy of your response that deletes such information. If you request withholding of such material, you must specifically identify the portions of your response that you seek to have withheld and provide in detail the bases for your claim of withholding (e.g., explain why the disclosure of information will create an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy or provide the information required by 10 CFR 2.790(b) to support a request for withholding confidential commercial or financial information).


text:
Q: UISearch NSpredicate filter NSArray I am trying to filter using UISearch and when I filter the NSArray it causes the following error: Can't do a substring operation with something that isn't a string
Using
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF beginswith[cd] %@", searchText];
    self.searchResults = [self.pnldArray filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];

array displays as
(
        (
        "Section 4 - H15, H19, H26, H42, H43 and H44",
        "Section 5 - H21, H25 and H34"
    ),
        (
        "Section 149(1) - H5487",
        "Section 149(1) - H5491"
    ),
        (
        "Section 146(1) - H5472",
        "Section 147(1) - H5477"
    ),

A: You should be able to see directly from the thrown exception which types were compared, by looking at the lhs (left hand side) and rhs (right hand side) types.
For example, if your array contained a UIColor object and an NSString with the value "bar", then the exception would be:
Can't do a substring operation with something that isn't a string (lhs = UIDeviceRGBColorSpace 1 0 0 1 rhs = bar)
And since the predicate beginswith expects objects of type NSString, any other types of object will cause the predicate to fail.

A: You may want:
NSPredicate*    predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"ANY SELF beginswith[cd] %@", searchText];

I say may because it's not particularly clear what results you expect.  The predicate given will return an array of arrays of strings (same format as you started with) where only the arrays that contain the target string are returned (in their entirety)
If, instead, you want only the strings that contain your search text to be returned either in some flattened array or otherwise, you've got more work ahead of you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Getting smart with flexible workspace access Flexible workspaces are high traffic businesses with a frequent...
James Shannon
essensys
SaaS Sales Executive
Geospatial glossary takes you from A to Z of new terms
MVPs: Disruptors you should know about
BIM Geospatial Residential Smart Cities
Who is making waves in the property transformation game? PlaceTech editor, Paul Unger, names his Most Valuable Players.
Download your free copy of the PlaceTech TRENDS report
Jill Guthrie
Jill Guthrie is Willmott Dixon's digital manager for the North, and both non-executive director and national co-chair for the BIM Regions and the UK BIM Alliance Communities group. Now responsible for digital strategy and implementation across the independent construction company, Jill's career spans 15 years in both the UK and Australia, across architecture and BIM consultancy.
Industrial heavyweight Prologis is one of the early wave of developers prepared to talk about its tech plans and position itself boldly as an adopter of innovation. Installing sensors in its warehouses to drive energy efficiency and make building performance more measurable. Prologis shares its working-outs in detailed research papers for the rest of the industry to follow. As vice president, Simon is at the helm of much of this work.
Sheraz Dar
CreditLadder
Sheraz Dar is the CEO of CreditLadder, one of six winners of the Treasury's Rent Recognition Challenge last year. The contest was aimed at helping tenants get onto the property ladder through the reporting of on-time rental payments for credit improvement. Sheraz has worked at and invested in UK digital businesses including PrimeLocation, Quidco and OpenRent, the latter being the UK's biggest letting agent by volume.
Simon Navin
Ordnance Survey, Great Britain's national mapping agency, carries out the official surveying of GB, providing the most accurate and up-to-date geographic data, relied on by Government, business and individuals. Ordnance Survey is supporting a range of technologies to aid the UK's smart mobility future, such as Zoomstack and Mobileye.
Jonathan Carthy
Glenn Howells Architects
Jonathan has overseen a tech revolution from paper to iPads at Glenn Howells Architects, the UK architect with offices in Birmingham and London. He describes his role as "helping designers become more creative. We're here to tell stories, elicit emotions, design beautiful buildings, and ultimately fulfil the needs of our clients. Without the time to design, that doesn't happen." The firm's projects include the Royal Wharf development on the north bank of the River Thames in Newham, Eleven Brindleyplace, Birmingham and One St Peter's Square, Manchester.
Patrick van Hoof
"We are serious about being a digital frontrunner in our industry, and therefore we have to develop certain value propositions ourselves, as well as co-create and buy into what happens at the frontier through early stage ventures." Van Hoof sets out the stall for Arcadis, which has backed up its words with action in the past three months including a 2030 city accelerator in Amsterdam and takeover of digital infrastructure mapping specialist EAMS.
Giles Perkins
Giles Perkins is head of future mobility at WSP and has over 28 years' experience in the transportation planning and intelligent transport sectors. As part of global civil engineering giant WSP's vast network of offices and clients, Giles helps with everything from government research to pilot projects for changing energy needs and the impact of smart mobility on placemaking. One of the big advisory groups changing transport planning from the inside.
Cleo Sham
Five-year-old Spanish firm Spotahome said it will move its HQ to London in the coming months and hire 200 staff as part of its growth. Spotahome says it is the first platform designed for direct booking of accommodation of 30 days or more. Cleo joined as chief operating officer in January after four years at Uber as head of operations in China and Europe. Spotahome operates in seven countries and 10 cities across the EMEA region, with a headcount of 300 people from over 30 nationalities. It has raised $72m, backed by KleinerPerkins, Passion Capital and Seaya Ventures as main investors. Investors also include Travis Kalanick (Uber), Drew Houston (Dropbox), Jeremy Stoppelman (Yelp).
Stay updated on who is doing what in proptech. Subscribe to the free PlaceTech Weekly


Crafted with exclusive sophistication in mind, these authentic Louis Vuitton Uniforme ankle boots are the peak of perfection. Noir suede encompasses the classic silhouette, highlighting the Monogram canvas heel tab and flower Quatrefoil shaped heel. Perfect for both day or night, these shoes are a must have for every fashionista's closet.
These boots are in excellent condition with very minor signs of use.


During a positron emission tomography (PET) scan, a small amount of radioactive tracer is injected into one of your veins. This give off a type of radiation that the PET scanner can pick up as the tracer moves through your body. This provides information about how your organs and tissues are functioning.
A CT (Computed Tomography) scan uses X-rays to produce detailed 3D images of the inside of your body.
A PET-CT scan combines these two types of imaging into one scan, to help identify organs or tissues that are not working normally.
A PET-CT scan is usually used to help diagnose a range of different cancers, to find out how far they have spread and to decide the best ways of treating them. It gives detailed information about how well parts of your body are working as well as showing the areas that have been affected by disease.
Failure to fast in this way can cause inaccurate scan results and your scan will have to be rescheduled.
Avoid any strenuous physical activity for 24 hours before to your appointment time. This includes running, cycling and exercising in a gym.
Take any prescribed medications as usual, unless instructed otherwise in your appointment letter.
If you are diabetic, contact the department before your appointment, for specific instructions on preparing for your scan.
A member of the team providing your care will explain what to do if you do need to prepare further.
A small amount of a radioactive substance, known as a radiotracer, will be injected into a vein in your arm or hand. This has no side effects and you will not feel any different from this injection.
Next, you will need to rest for an hour before having your scan. This is known as the 'uptake period' - when your body takes up the radioactive tracer. During this time it is important that you lie still and relax quietly. You should not read, use a mobile phone or listen to music.
After the uptake period you will be directed to the scanner room and asked to lie on your back on the scanner couch. The scan will take about 30 minutes and you will need to lie still with your arms placed above your head. If you think this may be a problem for you, let us know before starting your scan.
The scanner couch will move you through the large circular scanner. It is safe and should not be painful. Our medical staff will be able to see you throughout your scan.
Some people feel slightly claustrophobic ('closed in') when they are inside the scanner. If you are worried this may happen, please tell us beforehand.
Drink plenty of fluids after the scan to help flush the radioactive medication from your body. It should leave your body naturally through the course of the day.
You can go home after the scan.
Go to www.nhs.uk for more information about PET scans and CT scans.


text:
Liriomyza aterrima är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Pakalniskis 1998. Liriomyza aterrima ingår i släktet Liriomyza och familjen minerarflugor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Minerarflugor
aterrima


text:
Gilbert Road Station
Farming East Mesa
By Jay Mark with research support from Valley Metro
Three canals still intersecting Main Street highway were the lifeblood of the farms and ranches that once spanned tens of thousands of acres in east Mesa. The Consolidated, cutting across Main Street just east of Gilbert Road, was built by Dr. A. J. Chandler in 1891. About two miles east of the Consolidated is the Eastern Canal, reaching Gilbert, completed in 1908. In 1920, a group of landowners formed the Roosevelt Water Conservation District (RWCD). Through a contract with the Salt River Valley Water Users (today's SRP) they built the Roosevelt roughly two miles east of the Eastern. It reached Higley.
Large portions of east Mesa farmland were once known as the frost-less or frost-free citrus belt. A combination of factors, including elevation and airflow, made this area more resistant to freezing than most other areas in the Salt River Valley. Tremendous citrus production, along with date palms groves and other crops generated numerous roadside stands that sold fresh produce to passing motorists traveling along Main Street. Although beginning to fragment, significant farmland remained until the 1970s when development began reducing citrus groves and alfalfa fields. By the late 1980s most of the Main Street corridor's once-thriving farming industry had disappeared.
One of Main Street's most unusual attractions opened in the early 1950s when Jack Adam invited tourists to his "Jack Adam's Alligator Farm" on Main Street and Lindsay – next door to the Starlite Motel (home of the Diving Lady). Adam raised alligators along with a variety of other reptiles like boa constrictors and rattlesnakes. He wrestled alligators, put on feeding-frenzy displays with dead chickens. And in 1955 stumped the "What's My Line" panel. When the park closed in 1963 some Mesa High School students "liberated" a number of small gators. A few wound up in canals, inspiring a continuing local legend.
Beginning in 1958 with Dreamland Villa, a new type of residential development geared towards 55+ adults emerged along Main Street. In 1962, Velda Rose debuted north of Main Street just northwest of the Buckhorn Baths – stretching north beyond University Drive. The new, retirement concept was not just simple ranch homes. It also included diverse commercial ventures like Dave Morgan's Velda Rose Motel and Mineral Baths at 5700 East Main established to compete with the nearby Buckhorn, golf course, shopping center, Velda Rose United Methodist Church and Velda Rose Drive-In movie theater at the SE corner of Recker and Main.
Building the Consolidated Canal: Dr. A. J. Chandler built the Consolidated Canal that cuts across Main Street in Mesa, just east of Gilbert Road. ~ Source: United States Bureau of Reclamation ~ Date: 1891
Frost-free Citrus Belt: A combination of factors, including elevation and airflow, made this area more resistant to freezing than most other areas in the Salt River Valley. ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Date: n.d.
Hi-Jolly Date Gardens: In 1948, Max and Della Skolnick leased a citrus and date ranch from John P. Babcock at 4500 E. Main Street giving birth to Hi-Jolly Date Gardens, which became a major roadside attraction. Into the 21st century, the store remained a reminder of post-war American car culture, agriculture, and wide-open spaces on the Apache Trail and the Mesa Tempe Highway. ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Date: ca. 1965
Welcome to Mesa: Postcard welcoming tourists to Mesa, as part of the Apache Trail and Highways that flowed along Main Street (Highways 60-70-80-89.) ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Creator: Lollegard Specialty Company, Curt Teich ~ Date: 1951
Jack Adam's Alligator Farm: In the early 1950s when Jack Adam invited tourists to his farm at Main Street and Lindsay – next door to the Starlite Motel. Adam raised alligators and wrestled alligators, put on feeding-frenzy displays with dead chickens. ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Date: ca. 1960
Sands Drive-In: A single-screen theater with a 400-car capacity (at $1.25 per carload), the Sands delighted outdoor movie-goers until 1972 when it closed to make way for the larger, 700-car Velda Rose Drive-Inn that opened nearby. ~ Source: Deborah Nelson ~ Date: ca. 1955
Starlite Motel: In the 1950s, motels, trailer courts, and small housing developments began popping up along Main Street between Gilbert and Lindsey where previously there were only hay fields and citrus groves. One of those businesses was the Starlite Motel opened in 1958 by Kansas brothers Bud & Dick Kaesler who hired graphic artist Stanley Russon and master signmaker Paul Millet to create an animated neon sign to set the Starlite and its swimming pool apart from the other motels beckoning travelers. ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Date: ca. 1955
Buckhorn Baths: Just east of the old Roosevelt Water Conservation District Canal on Main Street sits one of Mesa's most unique and important historic icons. The Buckhorn Baths named for the hot mineral springs deep beneath it, was a health spa and motel created by Ted and Alice Sliger. The Buckhorn began in 1936 as a gas station, tourist stop and wildlife museum. The spa opened in 1939 after the discovery of a hot mineral spring. Its healthful waters attracted star baseball players, first the New York Giants and later the Chicago Cubs helping spur the start of the Cactus League. The spa closed in 1999. ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Date: ca. 1960
Velda Rose Entertainment Complex: In 1962, Dave Morgan built the Velda Rose, which started as a 40-acre project, east of 62nd Street between University Drive and Main Street. Along with retirement homes, Morgan created a commercial district that included Dave Morgan's Velda Rose Motel and Mineral Baths at 5700 E. Main St., virtually in the shadow of its more famous neighbor, Alice & Ted Sliger's Buckhorn Baths. The 116-room air-conditioned and heated motel featured a "unique rose-shaped pool and rosebud children's pool." Drawing mineral water from the same geothermal source as the Buckhorn, Velda Rose touted similar services as its older and bigger neighbor. Just 6 miles east of Mesa, the Velda Rose complex of activities grew like a small town, complete with a house of worship, the Velda Rose United Methodist Church, founded in 1963. The Velda Rose Drive-in movie theater at Main Street and Recker Road. It opened in 1972, but closed just 11 years years later, the victim of changing movie-going habits, including the rise of multiplex theaters and watching videos at home. The Velda Rose Medical Center sits on the site today. ~ Source: Deborah Nelson ~ Date: ca. 1970
Venture Out at Mesa: Established in 1968, the 160-acre resort community resembles a giant wagon wheel with spokes radiating from a hub. ~ Source: Mesa Preservation Foundation ~ Date: ca. 1971
Jay Mark, "Gilbert Road Station," Salt River Stories, accessed January 30, 2023, https://saltriverstories.org/items/show/253.
A Journey along the Light Rail


text:
Home » Latest news » You are reading »
Large amounts of Saharan dust pushed into central and northern Europe over the next few days – UPDATE
By SWE | Latest news | 08 January 2018
Very large amounts of Saharan dust are being advected with southerly winds across the Mediterranean far into central and northern Europe over the next several days.
The event is caused by the large and deep cutoff upper low that is affecting SW Europe at the moment. Warm airmass from northern Africa is being advected north by strong Scirocco winds. The dust will be making its way across the Mediterranean and central Europe as far north as Scandinavia.
Significant amounts of Saharan dust are already present over western Europe, as the cutoff low has already been affecting the area for several days. A particularly impressive and dense plume of Saharan dust will be making its way across Tunisia and the Tyrrhenian sea, across Italy and into the Alpine region. By tomorrow morning, the plume will reach far into Germany and Benelux, as well as into the British Isles. By late afternoon and evening tomorrow, the plume will reach as far north as southern Scandinavia and will also have moved eastwards into Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Keep an eye out for the dust accumulating on surfaces such as roofs and cars. In areas of snowfall, keep an eye out for yellowish snow.
Dust load over the Mediterranean region over the next 78 hours. Model: University of Athens – SKIRON.
Tagged in advection dust load Sahara Saharan
UPDATE [Tuesday] on the ongoing big Saharan dust event: pushing into southern, central, eastern and even northern Europe!
Saharan dust blows across the Mediterranean into Europe: first reports
UPDATE [Monday] on the ongoing big Saharan dust event in the Mediterranean and large parts of Europe
«Next Post Pattern outlook for this week: cutoff low over W Mediterranean weakens, new cutoff low from the west, stable weather elsewhere
Snow sprinkles Saharan dunes in white Previous Post»
Slope destabilization during yesterday's torrential rainfall in Düzce province, Turkey. Up to 100-150 mm fell withi… https://t.co/QBqgwa36DY, 1 min ago
An intense #heatwave will develop on Monday and locally bring temperatures close to +40 °C across parts of south-ce… https://t.co/ppYlrgP1Wy, 31 mins ago
Impressive crawler lightning over Bardolino (VR), north Italy in the evening of July 14th. Video: Giampaolo Campagn… https://t.co/LPBbQw8eRo, 1 hour ago
+++ Severe Weather Outlook for Europe - valid for July 20th, 2019 +++ On Saturday... severe storms including super… https://t.co/vueicSW83n, 3 hours ago


Alister Miskimmon and Ben O'Loughlin have published a new article in the journal Politics & Governance entitled, Russia's Narratives of Global Order: Great Power Legacies in a Polycentric World. It is part of a special issue on strategic narratives, drawing on Miskimmon, O'Loughlin and Roselle's book Strategic Narratives. In the new article, Miskimmon and O'Loughlin argue that while Russia projects a consistent narrative about global order and Russia's role within it, its vision of Great Power politics is not fit for the more fluid polycentric world order that has emerged in the 21st Century. A summary is below, and read the full article for free here.
This article takes a strategic narrative approach to explaining the current and likely future contestation between Russia and the West. We argue that Russia projects a strategic narrative that seeks to reinforce Russia's global prestige and authority, whilst promoting multilateral legal and institutional constraints on the other more powerful actors, as a means to ensure Russia stays among the top ranking great powers. To illustrate this we analyze Russia's identity narratives, international system narratives and issue narratives present in policy documents and speeches by key players since 2000. This enables the identification of remarkably consistency in Russia's narratives and potential points of convergence with Western powers around commitment to international law and systemic shifts to an increasingly multipolar order. However, we explain why the different meanings attributed to these phenomena generate contestation rather than alignment about past, present and future global power relations. We argue that Russia's historical-facing narratives and weakened material circumstances have the potential to hamper its adaptation to rapid systemic change, and to make attempts to forge closer cooperation with third parties challenging.


Robert became Chief Executive of Bromford in November 2018, after being appointed as Chief Executive Designate in July 2018.
Robert was previously Chief Executive of Merlin. He joined Merlin March 2014 and was appointed to the Merlin board in April 2015. Since joining Merlin, Robert has led the organisation to double its operating margin, quadruple surpluses and create a new homes programme; delivering 300 affordable homes per annum whilst increasing customer satisfaction.
Prior to joining Merlin, Robert was Chief Executive at Cornwall-based Coastline Housing. Under Robert's leadership Coastline achieved Investors in People Gold status and a 92% customer satisfaction rating.


text:
U.S. Evangelist Wins Five-Year Battle for Residency in Turkey
By Editor on March 2, 2015 No Comment
ISTANBUL, Turkey (Morning Star News) – After a five-year court battle, a U.S. evangelist singled out by Turkey's Ministry of the Interior for deportation because of his outreach activities has been granted a residency permit to stay in Turkey.
David Byle was issued a residency permit at the end of January after five years of living in limbo. During that time, the co-founder of the Holy Book Information Association, also known as the Bible Correspondence Course in Turkey (BCC-Turkey), was unsure from month to month if he might be detained and deported.
His problems stemmed from an immigration hold placed on his name by Turkey's Ministry of the Interior that prevented him from getting a regular residency visa. Over the summer, the Fifth Administrative Court in Ankara found that the hold on his file was not legal.
"The court ruled in my favor that the government was not right in putting a restriction on me without justifiable reason," Byle said. "They [the Ministry of the Interior] said I was 'a threat to national security and public morals,' and the court said, 'But this guy has committed no crime. You have no evidence of anything that could look that way, so we overturn your decision to put a restriction on his file.'"
His residency problems started on Feb. 12, 2010, when he applied at the main police station in Istanbul to have his residence permit renewed. Byle said he "was told that since there were things about me on their records, that they'd need to first check with their superiors in Ankara."
They gave him a one-month paper extension and told him to check back in a month's time. He had a record because he had been arrested or detained by Turkish police at least two times for doing street evangelism, though the charges against him were dismissed in each case.
On April 25, 2007, police arrested Byle in Istanbul's Beyoglu District after, police said, people complained about aggressive evangelism, especially on the part of a South Korean missionary worker. Byle said police charged him with "forceful missionary activity" and disturbing the peace.
Authorities kept Byle in custody for two nights. Before releasing him, they made him sign a document stating that if he wanted to continue doing public outreach, he would need to have some sort of work permit or else be deported. The demand for a work permit was perplexing, since it appeared they were requiring him to obtain one from a Turkish sponsor for an activity they told him was illegal.
A prosecutor dropped the first charge on May 8, 2007, because Byle's literature was not insulting of other religions and because "missionary activity" is not a crime in Turkey. On Nov. 1, 2007, a judge threw out the charge of disturbing the peace because Turkish law relates it only to selling goods or services in an overly loud and aggressive way, and Byle wasn't selling anything.
After the two charges were thrown out, Byle wrote a letter to the Ministry of the Interior inquiring about the document he was forced to sign. He never received an answer.
Police detained Byle a second time on Nov. 18, 2009 in Pendik District along with several members of a BCC street evangelism team. While in custody, Byle was disconcerted to see police ask members of the team to give written statements.
"From my experiences before, I knew that this probably meant that they'd be trying to press charges," he said. "I immediately asked what we were being charged with, and their response was, 'Nothing at all; it's just a procedural thing we have to do.' So we gave our written statements and were then released."
In February 2010, police told Byle his application would require further investigation, and less than a month later, on March 9 at 10:30 p.m., two plainclothes police officers arrived unannounced at his door and took him into custody for deportation.
"The kids were all asleep and only learned about it the next morning," Byle said. "In the following days, I learned that apparently my residence permit application had caused them to check my files, at which time they discovered that despite the warning they'd given me, I was still continuing to do these things and therefore needed to be deported."
Authorities came to this conclusion because, despite assurances to the contrary, police in Pendik District had filed a report of charges into a confidential record system but never through the court system for prosecution. Byle said he believes police wanted higher authorities to know what happened, and that they thought his activities were illegal, but that they didn't want to go through the effort or public scrutiny of bringing the case into the courts.
"Police can't just accuse you of a crime and not let you contest it though the legal system," Byle said.
The next day, Byle retained a lawyer to request a court injunction to temporarily block the deportation order until it could be reviewed in court. An Ankara court granted the injunction, the paperwork of which was presented to the deportation center on March 12. For some reason, Byle was held in the center for six more days and then given a three-month temporary residence permit.
It took until December 2010 for the first court hearing in Byle's deportation case to take place. During this time, he was allowed to extend his temporary residence permit for six months at a time. The judges requested more documents in the case, particularly those from the 2009 Pendik District detention.
In April 2011, the court issued its decision. It found that because Byle had never been found guilty of committing any crime, and because he was conducting activities in accordance with the constitution of BCC, which the government approved, the Ministry of the Interior had tried to deport Byle in violation of the law. It ordered the deportation order be cancelled.
The deportation order may have been stricken, but the Ministry of the Interior still hadn't cleared the entries in Byle's file. Also, although they couldn't legally deport him, they stopped issuing him temporary residency permits, instead forcing him to enter Turkey under 90-day tourist visas.
To stay in the country legally, he would have to leave the country every three months to go on a "visa run." Because of this, Byle had to step down from his role in the BCC and forfeit his membership in the organization, because foreign members of associations are required to have residency permits. Byle's family, however, was allowed to maintain residency status.
Sometime between 2011 and 2012, the Turkish government began sporadically enforcing new laws regarding tourist visas. Known to expatriates as the "90 days in 180 days" rule, tourists with six-month visas were only allowed to stay in Turkey for 90 days during the six-month period that their visas were valid.
In February 2013, things took a turn for the worse for Byle; he was called to the local police station.
"I had to sign that I had received the letter they had for me from Ankara, which stated that when my visa expired I would need to leave the country," Byle said. "Nothing else was written, so it wasn't at all clear whether I would be allowed in again after I'd left."
The answer police gave him was "cryptic," but Byle left with the impression he would be allowed in the country if he applied for entry at Ataturk Airport.
"He did say that I could apply for a visa from a Turkish Embassy or consulate in my home country," Byle said. "At that time I was about to leave for a conference in Thailand and so obviously had no time to fly to the states. I had no option but to continue with my planned travel and hope that I'd be let back in when I returned on 13 March."
When he arrived in Istanbul, he was informed that he wouldn't be allowed to enter Turkey, so he bought a ticket to Chicago and flew out the next day.
"I stayed overnight at the airport's detention center," he said.
Byle applied for a family reunification visa on March 25, 2013, received a six-month single-entry visa on June 17, and returned to Istanbul the same day. He immediately applied for a residence permit. The first date available to submit an application was Aug. 19.
"When my lawyer and I went in that day, however, we were told that there was a restriction on my file that prevented me from receiving a residence permit," Byle said.
On Oct. 3, Byle's attorney sent a legal request to the Ministry of the Interior asking for the reason behind the restriction.
"In late November" he said, "she [his attorney] received an official letter from the Interior Ministry, stating what we already knew, namely, that there was a restriction on my file and that I therefore couldn't enter the country with generic visas, but could apply for purpose-specific visas at one of their consulates in my home country. Again they avoided explaining the reason behind the restriction."
On Dec. 10, 2013, Byle sued to have the restriction removed. In June 2014 he won the case, and in October 2014 he reapplied for the residency permit. After losing his application for the permit, the Ministry of the Interior found the paperwork and in January issued the visa.
Byle attributes the visa coming through to God's power, but he also said it is an example of the system in Turkey – byzantine though it may be – working properly.
"There is tons of negative press about bad things that are going on in this part of the world, and that stuff needs to be made known, and it's good that we do, but it's only right and fair to give the other side of the story," he said. "And this to me is a great story of the legal system in Turkey working. You hear a lot of people say, 'It doesn't work,' and some people want to say that there are other reasons behind the scenes why they do these things, but we don't know all those things. What we do know is that I was able to open two court cases, the courts ruled in my favor, and the government has submitted to the decision of the court and done what they otherwise would have preferred not to do."
U.S. Evangelist Wins Five-Year Battle for Residency in Turkey added by Editor on March 2, 2015


text:
Peru: Culture Ministry halts Camisea expansion
August 4, 2013 CounterVortex
Peru's Vice-Ministry of Inter-Culturality (VMI) on July 12 issued a critical report temporarily blocking expansion of the country's biggest gas project and asserting that two "isolated" indigenous peoples living in the area could be made extinct if it goes ahead. The VMI report is a detailed review of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the planned expansion of the Camisea project in the southeast Amazon, which was written by the operating company, Pluspetrol, together with UK consultancy Environmental Resources Management (ERM). Approval of the EIA is currently pending by Peru's Ministry of Energy (MEM). According to the VMI, the health, "traditional economic activities" and ways of life of the indigenous peoples in "initial contact" and "voluntary isolation" would be severely impacted and two of them, the Nanti and the Kirineri, could be made "extinct."
The political significance of the project was underlined when only a few hours after being uploaded onto the VMI website, the report was withdrawn. In the days that followed, senior government figures responsible for the report resigned—including Vice-Minister for Inter-Culturality Paulo Vilca Arpasi. Culture Minister Luis Peirano himself also stepped down, replaced by Diana Álvarez Calderón, who had previously served as a local official in Lima.
Almost three-quarters of Pluspetrol's concession, dubbed Lot 88, overlaps with a supposedly "intangible" reserve for "isolated peoples." Although Pluspetrol has produced gas from Lot 88 since 2004, it now intends to build a pipeline extension, drill 18 exploratory wells and conduct seismic tests, affecting over 300 square kilometers within the Kugapakori Nahua-Nanti Reserve.
According to the VMI report, these operations will involve more than 1,000 workers in the reserve, helicopter flights, noisy machinery, the detonation of explosives, and clearing considerable areas of the rainforest for the seismic lines, camps and helicopter drop-zones. These operations are slated to take place in parts of the reserve used "intensely" by isolated peoples.
The VMI report states that Pluspetrol's EIA underestimates the impact that the expansion would have on isolated peoples, and expresses particular concern about the company's "Anthropological Contingency Plan" if contact with them is made, asking Pluspetrol to re-write it. It also notes the company's apparent intention to encourage contact with isolated peoples by "distributing timetables especially designed for the population in voluntary isolation with information about the project's activities." The report requests Pluspetrol abandon any measures that imply making contact.
As the government report was issued, the Nahua indigenous communities in "initial contact" living within the reserve wrote to the VMI under their own initiative to oppose Pluspetrol plans to explore in the headwaters of the Río Serjali. "Our people have decided not to allow Pluspetrol to enter our ancestral territory," the Nahua's letter states. Nearly 50% of the Nahua died following sustained contact with outsiders in 1984, and according to the VMI report Pluspetrol's plans could "devastate" them.
Following an appeal this year by Peruvian indigenous organisations AIDESEP, COMARU and ORAU to the UN Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD), the Committee wrote to Peru's government urging it to "immediately suspend" the expansion plans. But these concerns were dismissed by government ministers in a formal hearing in Peru's Congress. Since the expansion plans were unveiled, indigenous organisations have challenged the project, announcing in 2012 that they would resort to legal action. (La Republica, Aug. 6; Forest Peoples Programme, July 31; La Republica, July 26; Servindi, July 25; Peru.com, July 24)
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Camisea, Peru, The Amazon
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Peru: government denies existence of indigenous peoples —again
Reversing the position on "uncontacted peoples" that President Ollanta Humala ran on in 2011, Energy and Minies Minister Jorge Merino told the business daily nota publicada el viernes 9 de agosto en el diario Gestión that the Camisea expansion can go ahead because in the zone "there are no contacted peoples [sic], and where they don't exist, there doesn't have to be any prior consultation" (no hay pueblos contactados, y donde no los hay, no hay que hacer consulta previa). (Servindi, Aug. 10; Gestión, Aug. 9)


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The cast of "Glee" poses after winning the Golden Globe for best television series (comedy or musical.)
On the Radar: Golden Globes, Tunisia revolution, Arizona shooting and Wiki
Golden Globes - The Golden Globes show launched the Hollywood awards season with 26 trophies handed out by an array of stars. For "Social Network" and "Glee" it was a good night.
Take a look at who took home the awards, watch the winners' reactions, get a glance at the fashion and flair from the red carpet, and take a peek at our full gallery of stars on the big night. We'll also be looking at the reaction to one man of the hour - the host, Ricky Gervais - and whether his expected but over-the-top routine was hit or miss for the stars and critics.
Tunisia in crisis - A new Tunisian government could be announced Monday, one day after the country's army clashed with armed gangs and remnants of ousted President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali's personal guard.
Ben Ali fled to Saudi Arabia on Friday after ruling the country for 23 years. His ouster followed weeks of protest over what Tunisians described as poor living conditions, high unemployment, government corruption and repression. Public protests continued Monday, as about 2,000 people packed into a major road in Tunis.
And as Tunisia struggles to come up with a stable government, others are watching carefully. Time.com takes a look at whether Tunisia's revolution will spread across North Africa.
Arizona shooting - The congresswoman shot in the January 8 mass shooting in Arizona reached another milestone over the weekend, as mourners said goodbye to one of her staff members and a retired construction worker who died shielding his wife.
U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords was upgraded from critical to serious condition Sunday, eight days after being shot in the head.
As the case against alleged shooter Jared Lee Loughner proceeds in another jurisdiction, experts tried to shed light on possible intentions behind the shooting. Two psychiatric experts gave their opinions on whether Loughner is evil or mentally ill. And we also take a look at Loughner in his own words.
More info from WikiLeaks? –– A Swiss whistle-blower Monday handed over what he said were secret Swiss banking records to WikiLeaks, the website dedicated to revealing secrets.
Swiss banker Rudolf Elmer handed two discs to WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange at a news conference in London. WikiLeaks could release the secret Swiss banking records in "a matter of weeks" if it can process them quickly enough, Assange said.
Filed under: Celebrity • Facebook • Gabrielle Giffords • Julian Assange • Movies • On the Radar • Showbiz • TV • WikiLeaks
Red Carpet Downstairs
FOR SALE...PORKYS boxed set on VHS
January 17, 2011 at 10:46 am | Report abuse |
Lite'n'loafers
that Ricky Gervais is a meany he's so rude,I could just choke him.Somebody please shut his potty mouth with a golden globe buttplug!
He's got a Brit sense of humor, and if one doesn't understand that kind of humor, he's not going to be funny. I DO understand it, and he was funny at times, painful to watch in others!
Niles Python
I'm British and that lump of curd blows a$$!


FOR 32 YEARS, FANS HAVE BEEN CLAMORING FOR A REUNION – The wait is over.
Utopia's tours, among the first to aggressively incorporate then-state-of-the-art video technology, produced at Todd's groundbreaking Utopia Video Studios, featured some of the most lavish and audacious stage productions in rock history. Their headline concerts frequently featured opening acts as future superstars Cheap Trick and The Cars, and the band performed at some of the 70's most epic rock festivals, including Knebworth Castle in the UK — once with the Rolling Stones in 1976 and twice with Led Zeppelin in 1979, before a combined audience of over 1,200,000 (amongst them a Who's Who of rock royalty, including Paul McCartney and David Gilmour) .
Kasim Sulton continued touring and recording with a long list of diverse artists including Joan Jett, Hall & Oates, Blue Oyster Cult, Patti Smith, Celine Dion, and Meat Loaf. In 1993 Kasim joined Meat Loaf's live band after the release of Bat Out Of Hell II, touring extensively and becoming his Musical Director. In 1999 he produced Meat Loaf's critically acclaimed VH1 Storytellers album. Releasing four solo albums of his own, Kasim has continued his long musical relationship with Todd as the bass player in his solo bands.
Ralph Schuckett: Ralph's tenure with Todd Rundgren's Utopia segued into composing themes & scores for TV & Film including "Kate & Allie" & "Another World." As chief composer for "4 Kids Productions" he scored numerous feature films & animated TV series including; "Pokémon," "Yugioh," "Sonic X," "Kirby," & "One Piece." He has recorded and /or toured with Carole King, Hall & Oates, Whitney Houston, George Benson, and Rodney Crowell, and provided arrangements on recordings for Billy Joel, Michael Bolton. and Joan Osborne. As a songwriter / producer Ralph has worked with Belinda Carlisle, Sophie B. Hawkins, and Clarence Clemons.
TODD RUNDGREN'S UTOPIA North American reunion tour, featuring Todd, Kasim, Willie, & Ralph, begins on April 18 and ends on June 5 (tour dates below). Tickets and more information are available at Live Nation, Ticketmaster and all Ticketmaster outlets.
This entry was posted on Thursday, March 8th, 2018 at 01:29	and posted in Press Release, Todd Rundgren, Utopia.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.


text:
The Telegraph: This comical attempt to resurrect Project Fear is fooling nobody
With comical inevitability, the Government's go-to tactic for selling its Withdrawal Agreement has been to resurrect Project Fear. We have been bombarded with doom-laden predictions of exactly the kind that failed to convince during the referendum. The Government's latest forecasts tell us the UK will lose £150 billion in a so-called "no deal" (really a World Trade Organisation deal) scenario compared with staying in the EU. Not to be outdone, the Bank of England predicted an eight per cent reduction in GDP in 2019 alone, with unemployment reaching 7.5 per cent and mass emigration.
You would be forgiven for taking such analysis with a pinch of salt. The Treasury has a track record of remarkably inaccurate predictions. It said a Leave vote would see the economy contract by 0.1 – 2.1 per cent in the following 18 months. In reality, 2.8 per cent growth put the forecasts out by up to £100 billion.
Any model is only as good as its assumptions. The Government's assumptions are that Brexit will cause a large, permanent increase in UK-EU trade barriers and it has taken negligible notice of any benefits from improving regulations at home. It is highly pessimistic on trade with the EU and utterly despondent as to any opportunities elsewhere. In other words, the Treasury assumes that the UK will be less open post-Brexit, contrary to what the vast majority of Brexiteers have said they want.
This ensures an unjustified bias against an exit on WTO terms. We are repeatedly told that a trade deal is a prerequisite for trading with another country, yet WTO rules provide a perfectly satisfactory framework. The IMF has shown that, between 1993 and 2015, 15 of the 22 largest exporters to the EU – which trade under WTO rules – increased exports by 135 per cent.
The seven with bilateral arrangements increased exports by 107 per cent. UK exports to the 111 countries with which it trades under WTO rules grew three times faster than its EU trade.
Similarly, the supposed "cliff edge" of WTO terms – with products subjected to a prohibitive array of new tests disallowing them from the EU's market – ignores both the UK and the EU being members of the WTO and bound by its rules. The WTO's trade facilitation agreement mandates "risk management" strategies for customs procedures "in a manner as to avoid arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade."
The agreement on so-called sanitary and phytosanitary measures, meanwhile, ensures WTO members can apply regulations and inspections "only to the extent necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, [when they are] based on scientific principles and [are] not maintained without sufficient scientific evidence." In short, if there is no risk from UK products today, there is no risk the day after Brexit, since the quality of the products will not change overnight.
We should not, however, suppose that these agreements mean we must maintain full regulatory alignment to continue trading. They do not. This is important because UK regulatory autonomy is one of the key opportunities of Brexit. Recently in Washington, I met politicians of all parties enthusiastic for a UK-US deal. But they confirmed that it would not be possible unless the UK controls its own tariffs or regulatory environment.
The visit also offered a glimpse of the opportunities across the US to boost investment and co-operation in fields including agri-tech if the UK retakes control. Instead, the proposed deal ties us to the EU's extreme aversion to innovation, one example of which came in July; the ECJ ruled that precise gene-editing techniques for crops should be subject to the same almost prohibitive regulatory hurdles as genetic modification.
Scientists from over 70 European research institutes objected to the ban which, as Dutch plant scientist René Smulders said, is "like using a typewriter while the computer has already been invented".
For Brexit to succeed, we cannot remain slavishly bound in the EU's onerous regulatory regime. If we are to flourish, we must do so independently, free to co-operate with allies right across the world in building a more prosperous future.
To read in full, click here.


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Creating this results database was at first a personal project for me during the 2006 Federal Election, and then I decided to publish it on the web for my friends to use (and for me to learn PHP-MySQL-Ajax-CSS with).
Note that the data originates from Elections Canada & Statistics Canada, but has been "normalized" — cross-referenced in other words. This means that you can work backwards from a candidate's name to see the many different elections, ridings, even parties s/he has been associated with. Or see how a party has performed over time. Or examine the changing voting patterns of a certain region.
This cross-referencing of candidates did entail a lot of manual work which can always introduce errors (duplicate entries not consolidated, or erroneously consolidated), for which I am solely responsible. I also added the candidates' genders whenever it was obvious, or if not obvious to me, whenever I could confirm it by searching the Internet.
The Transposition information I also manually entered from a printed Elections Canada document.
People who know more about regional trends in Quebec and New Brunswick (or anywhere else for that matter) should feel free to point out riding groupings that make no sense, or suggest better names for any existing groups (surely there's a better name than "GVRD Fraser North East", for example).
I appreciate being gently corrected on any errors, and will fix them as quickly as possible. Please send any comments, gripes, suggestions or kudos to me via the Contact page.
As the data itself is already in the public domain, I ask only that you credit the Pundits' Guide for any additional analysis, calculations, queries or metrics offered here.
I maintain a relational version of the database in MS Access, and had been periodically updating a set of de-normalized views stored as MySQL tables on the server of my web-host (I'm hosted by Sibername, an Ottawa-based Internet Service provider). The numerous updates to the 40th General Election nomination data forced my hand on that strategy, however, and so I bit the bullet and normalized the MySQL 5.0.x database schema, teaching myself the MySQL syntax for writing views in the process. A further upgrade from 5.0.29 to 5.0.49 introduced some collation order errors, which have since been rectified.
I have to say though that it's been disappointing to realize that MySQL views are not truly "compiled" in the sense that they are unable to take full if any advantage of the underlying table indexes (especially when two or more views are joined together), and they thus create more problems than they solve. Until this shortcoming can be addressed, MySQL will just not be the database engine of choice for any serious database developer.
The web interface was originally coded in VBScript/ASP and hosted on my home computer, but has now been migrated to PHP 5 and completely re-organized.
Ajax support is by Sajax 0.12 – Simple Ajax Toolkit for PHP. The animated progress indicator *.gif file was created using the wonderful (and free!) site www.ajaxload.info.
Charting is provided by the open source Image_Graph?package distributed through the PEAR repository.
The design is based on voodoo_dolly?by pogy366 from the Open Source Web Design site, and then adapted by me.
Alice Funke graduated from Carleton University in Political Science, and retired as?a?business intelligence specialist?for the federal government?in Ottawa in 2010.
During the 2008 election, she took a leave of absence and worked as a computer-assisted reporting consultant for the Parliament Hill bureau of the Canwest News Service.
She is also the programmer for the PACS Canada Media & Legislator databases.


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Q: Can we call JavaScript collection.reduce() method with parameter object collection instead of primitive data? I am new to JavaScript and was reading about High order functions like map, filter, and reduce.
For hands on I tried following example:
Assume there are some items in shopping cart, use reduce to calculate total cost of items.
var products = [{
    "id": 100,
    "name": "Dell laptop",
    "category": "Laptop",
    "price": 40000
}, {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "LG Mobile",
    "category": "Mobile",
    "price": 20000
}, {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "HP laptop",
    "category": "Laptop",
    "price": 60000
}, {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "Samsung Mobile",
    "category": "Mobile",
    "price": 25000
}];
var total = 0;
var result = products.reduce(function (total, product) {
    return total + parseInt(product.price);
});

console.log("Total cost of cart : " + result);

Output of the above code was something like below:
Total cost of cart : [object Object]200006000025000

Now I modified the above code and added map as well them it works fine:
var result = products.map(function (product) {
    return product.price;
}).reduce(function (total, price) {
    return total + price;
});

I get correct result.
Now my question is why I am not able to use the reduce API alone?

A: Yes, you can. There is no need of two reduce calls. Just pass the initial value as 0 as last parameter to the reduce.
var total = products.reduce(function(prev, curr) {
    return prev + curr.price;
}, 0);
// ^^ Initial value

var products = [{
    "id": 100,
    "name": "Dell laptop",
    "category": "Laptop",
    "price": 40000
}, {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "LG Mobile",
    "category": "Mobile",
    "price": 20000
}, {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "HP laptop",
    "category": "Laptop",
    "price": 60000
}, {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "Samsung Mobile",
    "category": "Mobile",
    "price": 25000
}];

var total = products.reduce(function(prev, curr) {
    return prev + curr.price;
}, 0);

document.body.innerHTML = total;

A: You'll need to read the documentation:

arr.reduce(callback[, initialValue])
...
The first time the callback is called, previousValue and currentValue can be one of two values. If initialValue is provided in the call to reduce, then previousValue will be equal to initialValue and currentValue will be equal to the first value in the array. If no initialValue was provided, then previousValue will be equal to the first value in the array and currentValue will be equal to the second.

Since you are not providing an initial value, your very first operation is actually {id: ...} + 20000. You need to provide an initialValue of 0 to fix that behaviour.


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During this session, we will cover MTD and what you have to do in readiness for switching over to the new system.
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