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Back to Profile Gallery > Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia shifted its supply chain from a cost-first mindset to focus more on the patient experience.
One of the biggest challenges in managing a supply chain for a children's hospital is the varying size of the patients. Some are nearly full grown adults while others can be held in the palm of a hand. Products that an adult hospital can get from a single supplier require sourcing from multiple suppliers for pediatric hospitals. Simply managing the dose of medication accurately requires automation for precision and can result in tremendous waste due to supplier packaging.
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is one of the leading children's hospitals in the United States and around the world. CHOP operates a 535-bed hospital in Philadelphia and has an outpatient network that has grown to more than 50 locations spanning across southeastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Additionally, CHOP manages many pediatric services in community hospitals in the Philadelphia region and suburbs. CHOP has treated international patients from over 90 different countries around the globe.
Supply chain plays an integral part in the hospital's operation, procuring everything from capital equipment to basic commodities, from expensive drugs to needles and syringes. It contracts for services that cover routine maintenance on equipment to patient transport (think helicopters and ambulances) to language and landscaping services. The supply chain team is responsible for more than $380 million in annual spend, not counting capital purchases, Rittler says.
Patients First
Like many people in the Philadelphia area, Rittler had family members who received care at CHOP. When her niece was treated for cancer at the hospital 10 years ago, Rittler witnessed first hand the compassionate, quality care that CHOP's clinical teams deliver every day. Rittler, who worked for another healthcare organization at the time, was so impressed by the clinical care at CHOP that she told her boss she couldn't ever do her job the same way again. From that day forward, she wanted to assure that supply chain never lost sight of the patient and the impact their work has on the patient.
Rittler brought those ideas with her when she joined CHOP in 2010. At the time, the hospital's supply chain organization was focused on getting the best price. With the help of other departments, Rittler began engaging the rest of the hospital's operations and guided her team to look beyond the bottom line numbers to supply chain's role in the quality of care CHOP delivers. "We really have shifted our internal culture in supply chain where we strive to be proactive, to anticipate needs before they are a crisis," she says.
Six years ago, most days in the supply chain were spent putting out fires to resolve the many supply issues that arose. Nursing would need to notify supply chain that the hospital was on short supplies and completely out of others. The team spent countless hours scrambling to refill supply bins. It took a few years of implementing progressive changes, but days are now far more structured and less hectic.
The 185-person supply chain team begins its day on a series of morning safety huddles. During these huddles key metrics are reviewed such as stock outs, fill rates, inventory accuracy, backorders, etc. Also, operational issues that could impact supply chain's ability to provide support for patient care are reviewed, for example, staffing levels and technology failures. The team leaves these huddles with directives for addressing the problems or potential problems before they become emergencies. All relevant information is shared hospital-wide at the CHOP safety huddle or bed management meetings. The paradigm has shifted so supply chain has become strategic partners, providing information and updates that support the care teams.
Several initiatives have contributed to creating more efficient supply chain processes. Manually counting the stock on hand each day was a time-consuming and many times inaccurate process. Peter Schemm, director of supply chain process and technology, found a better way. He evaluated and implemented technology from PAR Excellence Systems to track inventory in the patient care areas.
Items are now stored in more than 2000 bins that sit on scales so that when a product – even something as light as an adhesive bandage – is removed, the system notes the weight difference and updates the inventory. The system automatically generates orders twice daily to ensure the hospital is never left short on supplies. Additionally the system captures any charges for billing the patient, which improves nursing efficiency. "The PAR system tracks inventory in real-time for us. If we are short in one area, we can pull supplies from other areas to meet clinical needs," Schemm says.
Additional efficiencies were gained when the Fast Pic5, pick-to-light system, was implemented in 2011. Imagine a dry cleaner type of technology that brings the supplies to you as opposed to having to walk up and down aisles to pick products. More than 1000 items are stored and managed in this system. The Fast Pic5 technology is interfaced to the ERP system to receive requests for supplies. The orders are consolidated so up to eight orders can be picked at one time. Schemm states: "The pick-to-light technology has also improved inventory accuracy, so we have fewer stock outs".
Data from the operations systems are fed into CHOP's central data warehouse. Schemm developed dashboards and analytical tools using business intelligence software. The dashboards are designed to be actionable with colored light indicators to facilitate the workflow. Schemm has begun to incorporate external data into the BI tool. CHOP receives daily feeds from its primary distributor, Medline Industries Inc., which shows the distributor's inventory levels and ordering information. Schemm also receives feeds the BI tool with package tracking information from UPS. Having data readily available not only simplifies the supply chain work, many internal departments use the tool to plan and reconcile budgets.
CHOP serves patients from before birth, through fetal programs, to age 24, and sometimes beyond. Many of its families are at their most vulnerable point in their life. CHOP strives to create a safe, kid-friendly environment that allows all kids to thrive. Hallways feature bright lights and vibrant colors and every floor includes a play area with age-appropriate toys and activities. Each holiday brings with it a number of fun events for patients and the hospital even runs a summer camp and a prom. There is a TV and radio station in the main atrium that hosts regular visits from local celebrities and musicians. Many times, patients are the stars as they share their journeys dealing with various illnesses and diseases.
Rittler says it all plays into CHOP's belief in providing its young patients with a true childhood experience so they can heal holistically, as well as medically. "We do a lot of things to let them be kids despite being in difficult situations," she says.
The supply chain team supports CHOP's safety efforts in several ways. CHOP's safety culture is centered around the patient, but its tentacles touch staff, families and suppliers. Supply chain assures that the hospital has safe, effective supplies and equipment through the CHOPtimize program. This program is CHOP's version of a value analysis program where supply chain partners with clinical and operation leaders to evaluate any new products, services or equipment. According to Matthew Rutberg, manager of the CHOPtimize program, "At any given time we have 90-100 new products in our queue." Each product is fully vetted to understand safety considerations, clinical outcomes, training and maintenance or storage requirements before they are introduced to the "sharp end" of patient care.
The CHOPtimize program consists of five different multidisciplinary teams chaired by nursing or clinical leaders. Each year supply chain facilitates discussions to plan the work for the coming year, developing playbooks for each strategy identified. Throughout the year, supply chain oversees the execution of the playbooks, achieving shared goals of driving value to the patient. The value equation considers safety, quality and cost; it helps to align supply chain and clinical care.
CHOP's suppliers play a key part in CHOP's safety journey. Brian Rounsavill leads supply chain's contracting and procurement teams at CHOP. Rounsavill's team leverages CHOP's spend and identifies opportunities to develop strategic supplier relationships, including monitoring supplier compliance to policies. These policies require suppliers to get vaccinations and background checks before engaging with clinicians and potentially patients. The procurement and contracting team also works to ensure suppliers can meet CHOP's data security requirements, which requires a tight partnership with the information systems department.
Over the past year, CHOP has worked to develop strategic alliances with key suppliers. "Our strategic partners share our mission and align with us to meet both CHOP's clinical and operational needs," Rounsavill states. For example, the strategic partnership with Medline has enabled CHOP to improve supply availability and visibility, reduce costs and increase ordering accuracy. Most recently Medline have partnered with CHOP on new product development.
"We are evaluating our top 10 to 15 suppliers to see how we can create strategic partnerships," Rittler says, adding that suppliers appear interested in this concept. "I think they realize the world is changing and we all must work to improve the healthcare system." Historically suppliers would market to physicians, particularly for specialty items, such as implants. She continues with; "They [suppliers] can't just market to physicians. They must involve supply chain."


A Mino-style porcelain cup with a characteristic high relief design on the inside edge. It's lovely and fits right in your hand. The relief has been pinched with the fingers, making it very easy to hold. It is made by baking white porcelain clay, which contains many glass particles, at temperatures as high as 1340 degrees.


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Posted on June 27, 2018 December 3, 2020 by the50person
Ajin: Demi-Human is a manga series by Sakurai Gamon, which was also adapted into two anime seasons and multiple animated movies before. Since I have not watched nor read anything of it, I went into the live-action blind.
The film follows the story of Nagai Kei (played by Sato Takeru) who gets into a car accident which confronts him with his status as an Ajin, an immortal capable of regenerating back once they 'die'.
The catch is that Ajin are considered dangerous by humans due to their relative invincibility. They are outcasts, feared and hunted by the rest of society while being used as lab rats by the government. After ending up in a – quite literally – sticky situation, Kei gets rescued and meets another Ajin named Sato (played by Ayano Go). Sato offers to help Kei, but when he learns the guy is a terrorist with a plan to murder humans, he hesitates.
The film began with a cold open, swiftly establishing the conflict between the Japanese government and the Ajin. A captive Kei was shown undergoing inhumane experiments such as amputation all while high-ranking official Tosaki Yuu (Tamayama Tetsuji) and his secretary Shimomura Izumi (Kawaei Rina) observed the process from afar. At the same time, Sato and Tanaka (Shirota Yuu) – Ajin that chose the path of revenge and decided to terrorise humans – attacked the facility where Kei was held. They had heard about him and came to the rescue, massacring the facility personnel on their way in just as Sato had done years earlier when he rescued Tanaka from the very same facility. As soon as they were noticed, Tosaki evacuated the high-level officials and locked down the building with orders to eliminate the intruders.
Initially, Kei did not have much of a reaction to the massacre as he was mostly seething with anger at his mistreatment and still grappling with his regained freedom. However, when asked to join Sato and Tanaka our main character didn't feel comfortable doing so and decided to follow his heart and not join in, reasoning that there was no gain in killing humans. This decision set Kei and Sato's team against one another for the rest of the film. Sato was eager to prove that Ajin and humans could never co-exist in peace and wanted to terrorise society in revenge for the abuse he and his team had suffered. Kei, on the other hand, formed a grudging alliance with his former abusers – the Japanese government, which Tosaki represented. The conflict between both became the film's main theme, alongside Sato's increasing displays of brutality and inhumane acts.
Given its nature as an action film, Ajin: Demi-Human had a lot of focus on combat. Unfortunately, there was not as much plot and substance. What was initially interesting quickly gave way to fatigue under the tired drilling of action scenes into one's face, showing the plot was rather bare-bones when stripped down to the core. What you saw in the trailer was what you got, so in a way, they did deliver their promise of plenty of showdowns. A moment I particularly enjoyed was the part where Kei exploited the particulate nature of Ajin to outsmart the villains, but Ayano out-maneuvered him in turn in an even more spectacular manner. Nonetheless, I wish that Ajin had had a more interesting storyline instead of ironically becoming an endless loop of death and resurrection, much like its own definition.
The fights were average. Entertaining enough, but nothing eye-catching. The choreography was not particularly outstanding but the high physical calibre of the cast ensured that the quality of execution was there. If Rurouni Kenshin's choreography deserved a 10/10, Ajin was a 6-7/10.
The most used track was the gym-appropriate track in the trailer. Though mostly relying on the same old track, it fitted surprisingly well with the vibe of the film. A complicated soundtrack is not required if a limited one can be used effectively during the right occasions.
Acting-wise, there was nothing very outstanding. Although the actors were not given many chances to actually 'act', they tried their best to give performances within the given limits. Takeru and Ayano got most of the opportunities but the rest missed their part of the spotlight. Overall, the acting was simply not very memorable in comparison to the ever present action.
Sato Takeru (Nagai Kei)
Takeru was easily the actor with the best performance, but even his parts were not very layered due to the limited material he could work with. There was only so much to be done with scenes that had a greater ratio of action to actual character-building moments. The role was not too challenging for him either since it was slightly similar to his calm and logical personality. Takeru's performance could have gone to even higher levels judging from other performances that we've had the chance to see him in, but alas, he was constrained by the film's focus on action over substance.
Ayano Go (Sato)
Ayano portrayed a twisted character, but the character fell flat for me somehow. He displayed an ominous sort of creepiness with a selection of twisted smiles. It was a masterclass on how to present different states of minds and types of purpose through a smile, and a solid demonstration of the subtle differences within the spectrum of smiles broadly classified under the 'twisted' category. This was initially successful in crafting Sato's sinister presence but it eventually got monotonous. At least it was clear that the issue lied more in the existence of endless high-intensity action rather than with Ayano himself.
The same issues persisted with the rest of the cast and ended up looking even even more enlarged since there was a clear difference in focus with the leads, who already lacked expansion on their characters despite relatively greater amounts of screen time.
Shirota Yuu (Tanaka Koji)
There were moments when Tanaka also gave off a sinister aura, and I was glad that Shirota was able to give a restrained performance in Ajin. The stability and coolness of Shirota's Tanaka was a good balance to the underlying current of craziness in Ayano's Sato and he also delivered when he was required to unleash the more unhinged side of his character.
Kawaei Rina (Shimomura Izumi)
There was not much opportunity for Kawaei to stand out and it was hampered by the fact that her character mostly acted as a support to Tosaki – though I did like a subtle reaction that she did in response to his surprising willingness to work with Kei. I am still uncertain about her full level of ability as I have not watched much of her on-screen, but she has been on the rise of late with many projects announced for 2018 and 2019. As one of the more attention-receiving members of the new generation, Kawaei is someone to keep an eye on.
Hamabe Minami (Nagai Eriko)
Hamabe was forgettable. There are no comments simply because there was nothing much worth commenting on. For all we know, the actress and her character could have been taken out of the film and no one would notice. Oh wait. She was suppose to be a reason for an Ajin attack. I forgot.
Chiba Yudai (Okuyama Masumi)
Chiba gave off this quiet unsettling feel as Okuyama but was not given much to do. I was expecting something to happen. He had a couple of scenes where he infiltrated a building and set up traps, but he got stopped rather abruptly. Chiba's part then ended after all the build up and intentional camera work on him and left me feeling very confused. It's like finding a diamond after a lengthy mining and extraction process and proceeding to discard it into the trash can. That said, props to his acting. Without any explicit brutal activity as opposed to the rest of his fellow group members, Chiba still unnerved me with his portrayal of Okuyama.
Yamada Yuki (Takahashi)
Yamada Yuki's side role was accorded an amount of attention that lay above the rest of Sato's lackeys and slightly below that of Okuyama. Despite that, him and the rest of the gang were reduced to just being odd people who were twistedly exhilarated and turned on by the idea of killing. How they came to have such behaviour was left unexplained and did not make sense since it was presumed that they were normal civilians before joining Ayano. There is always this odd Japanese manga tendency of having characters like this and it is possible to make such characters work even in live-action films, but Ajin was an example of how it was poorly done. Thankfully, Yamada managed to rein it in and balance the crazed with a suitable dosage of reality.
Ajin: Demi-Human felt more like a crazy game of airsoft between a team of friends with the exception that everyone was immortal. It was nice enough as an action film, but I would not encourage expending too many brain cells on trying to dig up some deeper meaning from the film. As mentioned earlier, it devolved into endless loops much like the Ajin's neverending 'Reset'. I only remembered fighting, fighting, and more fighting, peppered with chill beats of music and followed by more fighting – an occasional great moment by Takeru – more fighting, cool uniforms, cool guns, cool music, and yes, more Takeru. Sounds tiring? You bet it was. Add to that an unexpectedly cheesy and embarrassing usage of computer graphics right at the end of the film and it seems like it is also time for me to reset my memory of this whole affair.
Posted In LA, Movie, ReviewsTagged In Amuse Inc., Avex, Ayano Go, Chiba Yudai, D-Boys, Hamabe Minami, Kawaei Rina, Merry Go Round, Sato Takeru, Shirota Yuu, SMA, Tamayama Tetsuji, Toho Entertainment, Watanabe, Yamada Yuki
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A new generation is coming, and they're grabbing all the attention they can take (Part2)
April 10th is Sibling day? That calls for some famous acting siblings!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


WHAT DO YOU DO When People Ask You No-Win Questions?
No-win questions are also known as double-binds.
There is a theory of schizophrenia from the Milan group in Italy that claims that schizophrenia can be caused by frequent exposure to double-binds while one is growing up. In effect, enough double-binds can eventually break your brain.
No-win questions are questions that are going to convict and condemn you no matter how or which way you answer them.
These suggestions are for dealing with people who are angry, physically threatening, violent, or who you know intimately.
"Have you stopped beating your wife yet?" Clearly either a "yes" or a "no" answer will convict and condemn you.
If you say "yes," then the response is to ask why you didn't or don't then do what you should if you know what to do. If you say "no," then the response is you are defective, bad, worthless, stupid, etc., for not knowing what you should do: the right thing according to their values.
Double-binds can be understood as a rhetorical question that is not rhetorical.
Double-binds occur whenever you get the sense that answering or responding with either "yes" or "no" will be wrong.
Know how they do it so you can see it coming and avoid it.
Now that we have defined the traps, how are we to avoid them?
The basic format is to respond with a positive statement about the same or a closely related topic.
You do not answer the question; however, you also do not ignore the person.
It is quite possible, and even likely in some cases, that they will attack your first positive statement with either another double-bind or a direct question. For instance, they may ask "What is that supposed to mean?" At that point, you just say the same thing with different words: you paraphrase what you just said.
Whatever their response–keep making positive statements about the topic. And keep making new ones or at least variations on the same one. If you persist and do not get hooked, they will give up and have nothing to blame or damn you for.
Do not appear too or overly positive in your responses. They will often attack that. While they are talking show a little below neutral mood or affect. While you are responding show a little above neutral mood or affect. This shows remorse and change.
Give them what they want outside but keep true to yourself inside. Remember, to act a role does not hurt your integrity.
Stick to your dance and do not dance to their steps. You cannot dance their dance and win. Your dance keeps you out of the game of winner-loser.
Use your normal everyday language. If you use fancy or abstract language, then they may accuse you of psychobabble or of playing with them.
Never become or respond as if you are a target.
Of course, this technique is not guaranteed. It works only some of the time. However, it does often work in a situation that most responses only tend to inflame. Your attacker does not want to be avoided. They do not want silence. They do want to trap you so that they might blame and damn you. By your stating the positive over and over again, they will eventually be left only with their own negative. They want an external enemy to focus on–do not give them one.
When you experience double-binds in non-intimate relationships, then you have more options.
However, if the person is angry or physically threatening, then use the above suggestions for intimate relationships.
If the person is not angry, intimate, or violent, then humor might break the bind.
If the person is not angry, intimate, or violent, then providing options might break the bind.
If the person is not angry, intimate, or violent, then reversing the bind onto them might work.
If the person is not angry, intimate, or violent, then just pointing out the trap or double-bind might work.


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Phaneta mormonensis is een vlinder uit de familie van de bladrollers (Tortricidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is, als Thiodia mormonensis, voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1923 door Gerd H. Heinrich. De combinatie in Phaneta werd in 1983 door Powell gemaakt.

Type
 holotype: "male. genitalia slide no. 72772"
 instituut: USNM, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A.
 typelocatie: "USA, Utah, Salt Lake City"

mormonensis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Which hand do you retrieve your darts with?
Hey all. I was just wondering if I am weird (no wondering needed there to be fair ) in that I throw with my right hand, and rerieve with my left. I have seen quite a few pros do it, but that may just be because they walk to the right side of the oche, so it makes sence to retrieve with your left.
21g Gary Anderson Phase 3s, yellow Pro Grip Stems, and Yellow, Red Dragon Retina-esqu flights.
23g Danny Nopperts, Short Orange Pro Grip stems and orange/clear generic kites.
Also just want to say a massive thanks to the FDC for the huge support over the last year and a bit, and sorry I've not been around much lately. I'm going to change that.
I throw with my right, and retrieve with my right also.
Another one here - Throw with my right, retrieve with my left.
Six of one, half dozen of the other. I will retrieve with either hand about 50/50 right/left. Never gave it much thought really.
I use both hands depending where the darts are at. If I make a bad throw I'll grab the darts and swipe them off the board as soon as I can to not display the mistake very long.
I use severed hand of aardvark, but it may be difficult to obtain one . Getting chainsaw past the zoo guards is the hardest part .
I always used to throw right and retrieve right, up until abouut 4 years ago. Then i came to realise that pulling darts with my throwing hand was sometimes scraping the skin (or at least having a detrimental affect) to the fingers & thumb of my throwing hand, and affecting my grip & throw.
I noticed 99% of pro's retrieved their darts with the non-throwing hand, and presumed it was because of this reason ?
Anyway, i made the switch, and it just feels so much better now.
Felt quite strange at first, but it didn't take long to get used to it. Now it just feels natural & so much better.
Throw with my right, generally retrieve with my left...or sometimes both hands depending on the placement of the darts.
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Fair Lawn's Julia Knitel lights up the stage
Fair Lawn native and Paper Mill Playhouse alum Julia Knitel plays Carole King in the national tour of Beautiful
Fair Lawn's Julia Knitel lights up the stage Fair Lawn native and Paper Mill Playhouse alum Julia Knitel plays Carole King in the national tour of Beautiful Check out this story on northjersey.com: https://njersy.co/2zRcMal
Special to North Jersey Media Group Published 1:00 p.m. ET Oct. 30, 2017
Julia Knitel in the national company of Beautiful: The Carole King Story(Photo: Joan Marcus, ©2016 Joan Marcus)
Julia Knitel is living the dream. The Fair Lawn native joined the ensemble of Broadway's Beautiful: The Carole King Musical two-plus years ago, graduated to understudying the lead role, and actually played Carole King a number of times on the Great White Way. Now, here she is, having just wrapped up a long run portraying King in Beautiful's national tour. During a recent conversation, the gracious and energetic young actress discussed Beautiful, her time at Paper Mill Playhouse, the influence of her parents and her love of the Thai food at Green Papaya in River Edge.
You finished your Beautiful tour run a couple of weeks ago. What was it like playing the same show for a new audience in a new city week after week?
Knitel: Absolutely different every time. Such a wide array of people love the show. Some of the best audiences we had were in Des Moines. You find these places where people are so grateful that we brought a Broadway-caliber show to them. We had a huge stage door [turnout] and parties thrown for us.
How whirlwind have these past two years been?
Knitel: Honestly, it's been a complete life-changer. Growing up, I was always in the ensemble. That was where I'd feel comfortable because I love being a team player. That's one of the things that was so great about being at Paper Mill Playhouse, because in their conservatory you had an equal amount of dancing, singing and acting training every day. I got a great foundation in being a team player and ensemble member, and serving a production. The producers and creatives of Beautiful saw in me something they couldn't find elsewhere. When they told me they wanted me to play the role, it changed everything.
Julia Knitel in Beautiful: The Carole King Story (Photo: Joan Marcus, ©2016 Joan Marcus)
Which King song resonates most with you?
Knitel: See, that changes, depending on my mood, on the audience. One that started to make sense to me when I got out on the road was "So Far Away," because I'd never been so far away from anything. I grew up in New Jersey, did my first Broadway show [Bye, Bye Birdie] at 16 while still living at home. I went to college in New York. I always had my crew, my family, my whole life around me. I remember sitting down at the piano my first night in San Francisco with no one in the audience I knew, and even my boyfriend couldn't get out there because he was doing a show. Singing those words, I thought, "Wow, I get it now." Carole wrote that song on tour, about missing her family.
What feedback did you get from King?
Knitel: I am very lucky, because she loved it. She was very emotional after the show. I think she always is because we're showcasing the hardest time of her entire life. She loved my take. She had some really kind, wonderful things to say, and a big hug to give.
What was your childhood in Far Lawn like?
Knitel: My parents are both actors. I grew up in their theater company, St. Anne Stages. Some of my earliest memories are of them doing theater and of sitting in the audience and watching my mom play Cinderella, my dad play the Wolf in Into the Woods. I grew up surrounded by creative people and listening to Broadway show soundtracks and seeing theater. It gave me an incredible background when I decided what I wanted to do with my life.
When did it click that this was what you wanted to do?
Knitel: It was never a thing that I was going to be a child actor. That's the greatest gift my parents gave me, because it can create a monster or somebody who ends up resenting the business. I did it for joy, did it for fun. It was this wonderful part of my life. We were always doing shows at their theater company. So, I always knew I wanted to do it. I just didn't know if it would be possible.
Julia Knitel (Photo: Beautiful: The Musical)
How proud are your mom and dad of you?
Knitel: They're so proud. Every time I was on for Carole at the Sondheim, which is a small house, my parents sat in the house seats, which are pretty close to the stage. Everybody's favorite thing to do when the lights came up after bows, and we were singing that last song, was to find my parents in the audience and giggle because they were hysterically crying. They were puddles of tears. They're the most-proud, most-supportive and most-wonderful parents. I couldn't do it without them.
You've already achieved more than many people achieve in their entire careers. Next for you?
Knitel: I'm at that crossroads right now, trying to figure out what I want next. I don't know if anything can fill the shoes of playing Carole King, because it's the role of a lifetime, and to have played her at such a young age, at the start of my career, is something I'll never, ever take for granted. Going forward, my next step, hopefully, would be to originate a role in a Broadway show. That'd be my dream next step, helping create a role from the ground up, with a wonderful group of people.
ON BROADWAY: Broadway: Shows coming in fall 2017, winter 2018
LOCAL THEATER: Fall Arts Preview: The best of art, theater, dance and literature in North Jersey
You live in Manhattan now, but when you're back in Bergen County where do you like to eat?
Knitel: I love, love, love Green Papaya in River Edge. It's my favorite Thai food. Whenever my dad picks me up in New York – and I was living on 55th Street before I left for the tour – he'll drive over the George Washington Bridge, get off Route 4 and stop at Green Papaya. We'll get a bunch of Thai food, go home, grab a bottle of wine, and hang out. Nothing in New York compares to this Thai food.
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RHONJ: Danielle Staub says she's leaving 'Real Housewives of New Jersey'


Frontline flea preventative is a topical flea control medication for dogs and cats over 8 weeks old. Frontline is available in several different size dosages for different size pets. To apply Frontline on your animal, squeeze all the recommended medication on the skin between the shoulder blades.
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Obstetric fistula is a hole in the birth canal that is caused by prolonged and obstructed labor.
If untreated, a woman with obstetric fistula will experience constant and uncontrollable leakage of urine or feces. In addition to physical injuries, many women with fistula suffer humiliation, isolation, and stigma as a result of the smell and constant leakage.
And in most cases of obstructed labor in which a fistula develops, the baby is stillborn.
Without access to quality medical and surgical supplies, health providers are unable to care for women living with fistula. To effectively equip health providers providing this specialized care, Direct Relief offers a Fistula Repair Module, a standardized pack of high-quality medicines and surgical supplies necessary for fistula repair surgery and post-operative care.
Direct Relief, in partnership with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and The Fistula Foundation, developed the Global Fistula Map—the first-ever map of treatment for this devastating childbirth injury. By mapping the landscape of Fistula repair services, organizations can better understand a given region's fistula treatment capacity; more effectively target scarce resources; and identify gaps in available services.
By informing which areas and facilities require medical resources, the Global Fistula Map serves a critical function in Direct Relief's work to extend health care services to women in need.


text:
About SunTrust
Camp-Younts Foundation
About the Foundation & Guidelines
The Camp-Younts Foundation was established in 1955 by Mrs. Willie Camp Younts and Charles Rolphi Younts.
Funding Priorities:
The Foundation supports organizations with a focus on helping poor and needy people. Religious, educational, cultural or civic organizations with outreach programs to needy persons may be considered. Organizations supported during the lifetime of the donors will be given preference.
Geographic Focus:
Giving is primarily in Metro Atlanta, Georgia and Virginia.
In Georgia, only operating and non-capital grants will be considered.
The Trustees will consider all qualified applications received from organizations in Metro Atlanta, Georgia that are exempt from taxation under the Internal Revenue Code Section 501 (c)(3). If you are a 509 (a)(3) Supporting Organization, please be prepared to provide additional information. Grants are not made to support individuals. Organizations outside Metro Atlanta that wish to be considered should mail requests to P.O. Box 813, Franklin, VA 23851.
Grant Cycle and Deadline Information:
The Foundation's Trustees meet annually in the fall. August 31 is the deadline for submitting grant proposals to be considered at the fall meeting.
Grant Range:
The average grant size is between $2,500 – $10,000
© 2021 Camp-Younts Foundation
For more information contact: [email protected]	AL


The weather information is brought to you by Weather Ungerground. It is updated every half an hour. If you would prefer a weather report that showed information across the whole of Cyprus, rather than one specific location, then view our Weather Matrix. You can change units of measurement in the footer.


text:
CERLAB: Coastal Engineering and Resilience LAB
Coastal Engineering and Resilience Lab (CERLAB), led by Dr Mohammad Heidarzadeh, is devoted to studying infrastructure resilience to natural hazards such as storms, tsunamis, hurricanes, earthquakes, and landslides. CERLAB addresses a broad range of coastal and hydraulic engineering problems from the fundamental dynamics of natural hazards to developing resilient infrastructure systems.
CERLAB team members: click here to see the team
CERLAB is involved in various projects worldwide addressing coastal engineering problems in Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf. In a recent project funded by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), researchers in CERLAB study tsunami effects to the west coast of India and deal with policy makers on the coastal resilience. Other ongoing projects are: Interaction of coastal structures and extreme geo-environmental coastal hazards, source process of the 8 September 2017 Mexico earthquake and tsunami, landslide-generated waves during the 2016 Kaikoura (New Zealand) tsunami, probabilistic and deterministic methods for coastal hazard assessment, tsunami warning systems in the Mediterranean Sea, and resilient coastal communities against extreme environmental hazards.
Global Research Challenges: CERLAB is committed in addressing coastal hazards throughout the world by contributing to coastal problems in various geographical locations including (but not limited to) Japan, Indonesia, Philippines, Iran, Ecuador, Chile, Colombia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Pakistan, Oman and USA.
CERLAB member PhD candidate, Keith Adams (left), is awarded the university president award for best research topic (summer 2021)
Selected research projects addressed by CERLAB
PI: GCRF project "Building earthquake and tsunami resilience in Indonesia". Funder: Royal Society UK. Time: 2019-2023. (link: https://sites.google.com/view/tsuindonesia)
Co-I: Lloyds' project "Future Indonesian Tsunamis: Towards End-to-end Risk quantification (FITTER)". Funder: Lloyds, UK. Time: 2019-2022. (link: https://www.turing.ac.uk/research/research-projects/future-indonesian-tsunamis-towards-end-end-risk-quantification-fitter)
Co-I: NERC project "Hurricane Maria and Dominica: geomorphological change and infrastructure damage surveys". Funder: NERC UK. Time: 2018-2019. (link: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR016968%2F1)
Co-I: GCRF NERC project "Tsunami risk for the Western Indian Ocean: steps toward the integration of science into policy and practice". Funder: NERC UK. Time: 2017-2018.
PI: BRIM project "Understanding the contribution of cascading effects during storms to the vulnerability of UK coastal transport infrastructures". Funder: BRIM/EPSRC UK. Time: 2018.
PI: JSPS project "A comprehensive analysis of the twin Indonesian tsunamis in September and December 2018". Funder: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Time: 2019.
PI: GBSF project "Interaction of earthquake and typhoon hazards: intensification of the damage from September 2018 Hokkaido earthquake due to the heavy rainfall from Typhoon Jebi". Funder: Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation (GBSF). Time: 2019.
Co-I: M2D project "Potential large tsunami hazards associated with landslide failure along the West coast of India: from uncertainties to planning decisions". Funder: Models to Decisions (M2D), NERC/EPSRC/ESRC. Time: 2018.


text:
Presenting the 2015 North America Google scholarship recipients!
, Google offers scholarships that support and encourage these students to pursue careers in computer science and become part of the next generation of tech leaders. Our scholarship programs include:
Google Anita Borg Memorial Scholarship for women in technology
Generation Google Scholarship for high school and university students from underrepresented backgrounds in computer science
Google Lime Scholarship for students with disabilities
Google Student Veterans of America (SVA) Scholarship for student veterans
Without further ado, we are excited to announce the 2015 scholarship recipients and to congratulate them for their hard work and dedication. These students will join the community of Google scholars who actively work to change the diversity status quo in the tech industry. We can't wait to see what the future holds for these exceptional students!
Each year during the Google scholarship review process, we continue to be impressed by the talent and inspired by the passion of each applicant. While these individuals come from different backgrounds and experiences, many have faced the challenges of being underrepresented in the tech industry. We're working to change that. As part of our initiatives focused on expanding diversity, Google offers scholarships that support and encourage these students to pursue careers in computer science and become part of the next generation of tech leaders. Our scholarship programs include:


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text:
Q: Should refactoring be the exception or the rule? I had a discussion with a co-worker yesterday about design philosophy.  The other coder is more experienced then me, and I fully admit that he is likely much better at properly automating his testing, which I'm just now trying to break sloppy habits.  However, it seems that some of our dispute is a philosophical issues where I'm unwilling to simply yield to his greater experience.
Generally he is a Directing programmer, who follows all of the formal approaches.  He has interfaces for nearly every class  and has automated tests for everything down to getter and setters on basic POJO objects.  He sees refactoring as a dirty word which is a sign that things weren't written/designed properly from the start, it's inevitable and done as necessary but everything should be done to avoid having to do it and you should feel bad when you have to.
I feel I'm a more flexible/Enabling programmer.  I feel that interfaces should be used as necessary, but not thrown in until they are needed (KISS), and that it's easy enough to pull an interface out of an existing object by refactoring if you decide an interface/polymorphism makes more sense later.  I also felt that, while I admit I need to be better at testing then I am currently, the level of automated tests he suggested seemed too rigors since it would take so long to implement and, more importantly, make refactoring a nightmare since I wouldn't be free to modify the behavior of any non-private method.  As my requirements grow and change I find myself refactoring heavily and that level of testing feels like it would kill my flexibility.  His view is that I shouldn't be refactoring so it doesn't matter if the tests make it harder to do.
Ultimately all of the other philosophical discussions seemed to boil down to the word 'refactor'.  I love refactoring, I feel it should be used liberally any time you feel that something isn't quite as clean and beautiful as it should be, and that the natural course of growing a program or adding new requirements will necessitate refactoring to better enable code reuse, moving logic to new classes/packages as it grows more complex, and yes fixing inevitable design mistakes which will happen from a flexible agile development approach (and that's not always bad if your code is written to allow modification!).  He disagrees with all of that.
I'm wondering what other's thoughts are on refactoring.  How common should it be?  Is writing code with a philosophy of "I'm doing it simple now, I can refactor it later if more complicated logic proves necessary" inherently flawed/dangerous?  Does acceptability of refactoring depend on program approach and style?  I generally am on rapid prototyping or "clean up this ugly, but working, prototype some non-engineers wrote", while it sounds like he actually gets to do formal programming with official requirements that don't change; I've never once had a job like that myself!

A: I think the answer lies in between the two of you.
Changes are to be expected as software evolves. No matter how competent you are, you can't predict the future with 100% accuracy. And even if you could, it may not match your customer's predictions or taste. Since he's the one who pays he (most unfortunately :) ) has a say in it. So unless it's dead simple, it's almost impossible to design an application with everything in it's right place from day one.
On the other hand, you still do have the responsibility to be, at all times, as close as possible to that. You have to plan and think ahead of requirements so that you will be less likely to paint yourself in a corner and make it nearly impossible for your code to adapt to new demands (and believe it, there will be demands).
Therefore, while I fully agree with you that refactoring is a great thing to do whenever you feel things could be better, calling it a "rule" doesn't sound quite right to me. If refactoring code is something you do on a daily basis then clearly something is wrong with the way you are coding your apps.
On this question:
Is writing code with a philosophy of "I'm doing it simple now, I can refactor
it later if more complicated logic proves necessary" inherently flawed/dangerous?

If you expect - or even just suspect - that more complicated logic will be required eventually, the answer is most definitely yes. If not then it really depends on code's usefulness, how deep it will be in your app, project deadlines and perhaps most importantly, common sense.
If your customer is a bike workshop in Wisconsin it's very unlikely that he'll need an app that supports international phone numbers. Therefore it's reasonable for you to design a PhoneNumber class that's really just holding a three digits area code and a seven digits number. In the unlikely event that it becomes necessary for your customer to store data on bikers from France, refactoring may then become helpful.
This is of course just an example but you get the idea: while at first it may make sense to write pretty straightforward code, as time passes and requirements changes you might find that the way your application now relies on it may be a problem. This is the kind of scenario which you should normally try to avoid but unless you're God you won't be able to avoid all of them. Sometimes it won't even be your fault; software customers tends to be very imaginative when it comes to transform a bike workshop management application into a pizza ordering system.
In any case, you should still always write code in the way you think it should be upon release. Think of refactoring as a way to fix things you made wrong assumptions on.

A: Embrace refactoring. Embrace the fact that you can create code that works, and you have tests that make it work, and then you can change the internals having confidence that you are not breaking anything. And as you mention, KISS.
About the view of not having written/designed correctly from the start, for me the answer is that I have not worked in a project in which there were no changes at some point (or rather, very often). Even if someone spent a month "designing" the solution. Changes that introduce duplication, that introduce generalization, that introduce new use cases. For all of them you will refactor.
Even as you are writing a fully "designed" solution, you will find that there is duplicated code, that there are generalizations not taken into account. Coding is designing, and until you are not done coding, you have not finished designing.
One other thing to add: YAGNI.

A: It all come down to who writes better code relative to the amount of time. Your company/team should define what "better" means. Customers have something to say about this as well.
Make sure you have a solid definition of Refactoring. It sounds like you do, but you mention it along with code behavioral changes very close together in your question. Be careful. You two can't maintain this debate if you don't agree on the definition.
Out of everything the two of you are claiming, the biggest issue is his claim to be able to write code correctly the "first" time. Does this occur when code is checked in for the very first time or before it goes into production? Obviously the later gives you a little more time to get things right. Maybe he has worked on this particular project for so long that he is able to do it because he understands the code and the people asking for features. A new PM could be added who doesn't create as detailed of specs or may not understand the domain as much as the current one. Your method may make you more adaptable.
Does he take a disproportionate amount of time to achieve the same objective as you do with fewer bugs/need to improve? Code can be improved to a certain extent forever, but truly good code gets shipped. Do you introduce more bugs into the system? Users want new features and corrections sooner, but there is a point they get too frustrated with too many bugs popping up too often. Every time we update...
Your philosophical arguments are only just personal preferences until you can determine who is the most effective developer. Would your Directing programmer be able to do this on a new project? Are you using "I can refactor it later" as a crutch?

A: I'd say the exception.
Every time you refactor, you're basically changing the way the code looks rather than the way it works (eg you might extract a block of code into a method, or change a switch to a polymorphic function call, in all cases the functionality hasn't changed, you've just altered it).
Now while this maybe useful to make the code easier to maintain or understand, it is still making large changes that will really affect the way your code shows up in the source control logs. You cannot now look at the diffs and see a bug because of a code change, as the code is radically different. Its the same problem when you change the look of code because you want to prettify it (eg change brace positions or rename variables).
So refactoring should really be kept for cases where it is really worthwhile, just so you can keep a sense of what the code does. I used to work with a guy who changed the code dramatically - I'd come in after a weekend and find the codebase was practically a different product. It made working with it tremendously difficult as I had to take the time to figure out where the bits I was familiar with had gone.
There is also a sense that refactoring is overused nowadays, a sense that coders should hack something together that works quickly, and then tidy it up to make it look good later (or even, just tidy it up as you go). I think this is a poor practice. You should think what you're trying to achieve before you do it. If this was done first, you shouldn't need to refactor. In the old days where design-first was much more prevalent, refactoring was solely used for legacy code, never for daily work.
I know one though - 'beauty is in the eye of the beholder'. You may refactor to make things look nicer, but then someone else may come along and refactor again to make it look nice to them (in Fowler's Refactoring book there are refactorings that are opposites!). You'll never stop, spending all day refactoring code and none actually writing product features.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Stephan Kloos holds a PhD in medical anthropology from the University of California, San Francisco and Berkeley and has over fifteen years of research experience on Tibetan medicine and nationalism. He currently leads a Starting Grant Project from the European Research Council (ERC) at the Institute for Social Anthropology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, on the emergence of a transnational Sowa Rigpa pharmaceutical industry in Asia (RATIMED). For more information, see www.stephankloos.org and www.ratimed.net.
East Asian Science, Technology and Society (2017) 11 (2): 135-159.


The success of Science with Photons crucially depends on the creative spirit of excellence of the scientists and students involved. Our Science Collaborations thus create an academic network where we bring together scientists, students and technologist from different communities with complementary backgrounds to identify best solutions to grand challenges in science.
Join Us! Let's do science together!


text:
Q: Upgrading Laravel 5.5 to 5.6 error I am trying to upgrade my Laravel 5.5 to 5.6. I have followed the instructions from the laravel website, yet I got this error:
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.
    Problem 1
        - The requested package laravel/framework 5.6.* is satisfiable by laravel/framework[5.6.x-dev] but these conflict with your requirements or minimum-stability.

So, I changed my composer.json file and added 2 lines: **"minimum-stability": "dev", "prefer-stable": true,** based on the first answer on this laracast discussion.
Everything seemed to be working just fine until I got another error:
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 0 installs, 6 updates, 0 removals
  - Updating sebastian/diff (2.0.1 => 3.0.0): Downloading (100%)
  - Updating phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects (5.0.6 => 6.0.0): Downloading (100%)    - Updating phpunit/php-timer (1.0.9 => 2.0.0): Downloading (100%)
  - Updating phpunit/php-token-stream (2.0.2 => 3.0.0): Downloading (100%)        - Updating phpunit/php-code-coverage (5.3.0 => 6.0.1): Downloading (100%)       - Updating phpunit/phpunit (6.5.6 => 7.0.0): Downloading (100%)
Writing lock file
Generating optimized autoload files
> Illuminate\Foundation\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump
> @php artisan package:discover

In trustedproxy.php line 66:

  Undefined class constant 'HEADER_CLIENT_IP'

Script @php artisan package:discover handling the post-autoload-dump event returned with error code 1

The problem on line 66 is Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_IP    => 'X_FORWARDED_FOR',.
I have searched other posts on stackoverflow but still no luck. The last thing I tried was composer selfupdate and composer global update which was mentioned on the post composer dump-autoload not recognized command
Also, I cannot remove "minimum-stability": "dev","prefer-stable": true because if I do, then I will get the following error:
    - Installation request for laravel/framework 5.6.* -> satisfiable by laravel/framework[5.6.x-dev].
- Removal request for laravel/framework == 5.6.9999999.9999999-dev

I have attached my composer.json file and trustedproxy.php respectively. Any help will be highly appreciated.
{
    "name": "laravel/laravel",
    "description": "The Laravel Framework.",
    "minimum-stability": "dev",
"prefer-stable": true,
    "keywords": ["framework", "laravel"],
    "license": "MIT",
    "type": "project",
    "require": {
        "php": ">=7.1.3",
        "fideloper/proxy": "~3.3",
        "laravel/framework": "5.6.*",
        "laravel/tinker": "~1.0"
    },
    "require-dev": {
        "filp/whoops": "~2.0",
        "fzaninotto/faker": "~1.4",
        "mockery/mockery": "~1.0",
        "phpunit/phpunit": "~7.0",
        "symfony/thanks": "^1.0"
    },
    "autoload": {
        "classmap": [
            "database/seeds",
            "database/factories"
        ],
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app/"
        }
    },
    "autoload-dev": {
        "psr-4": {
            "Tests\\": "tests/"
        }
    },
    "extra": {
        "laravel": {
            "dont-discover": [
            ]
        }
    },
    "scripts": {
        "post-root-package-install": [
            "@php -r \"file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');\""
        ],
        "post-create-project-cmd": [
            "@php artisan key:generate"
        ],
        "post-autoload-dump": [
            "Illuminate\\Foundation\\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump",
            "@php artisan package:discover"
        ]
    },
    "config": {
        "preferred-install": "dist",
        "sort-packages": true,
        "optimize-autoloader": true
    }
}

trustedproxy.php (error in line 66--> Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_IP    => 'X_FORWARDED_FOR',)
<?php

return [

    /*
     * Set trusted proxy IP addresses.
     *
     * Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are
     * supported, along with CIDR notation.
     *
     * The "*" character is syntactic sugar
     * within TrustedProxy to trust any proxy
     * that connects directly to your server,
     * a requirement when you cannot know the address
     * of your proxy (e.g. if using Rackspace balancers).
     *
     * The "**" character is syntactic sugar within
     * TrustedProxy to trust not just any proxy that
     * connects directly to your server, but also
     * proxies that connect to those proxies, and all
     * the way back until you reach the original source
     * IP. It will mean that $request->getClientIp()
     * always gets the originating client IP, no matter
     * how many proxies that client's request has
     * subsequently passed through.
     */
    'proxies' => [
        '192.168.1.10',
    ],

    /*
     * Or, to trust all proxies that connect
     * directly to your server, uncomment this:
     */
     # 'proxies' => '*',

    /*
     * Or, to trust ALL proxies, including those that
     * are in a chain of forwarding, uncomment this:
    */
    # 'proxies' => '**',

    /*
     * Default Header Names
     *
     * Change these if the proxy does
     * not send the default header names.
     *
     * Note that headers such as X-Forwarded-For
     * are transformed to HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR format.
     *
     * The following are Symfony defaults, found in
     * \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request::$trustedHeaders
     *
     * You may optionally set headers to 'null' here if you'd like
     * for them to be considered untrusted instead. Ex:
     *
     * Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_HOST  => null,
     *
     * WARNING: If you're using AWS Elastic Load Balancing or Heroku,
     * the FORWARDED and X_FORWARDED_HOST headers should be set to null
     * as they are currently unsupported there.
     */
    'headers' => [
        (defined('Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_FORWARDED') ? Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_FORWARDED : 'forwarded') => 'FORWARDED',
        Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_IP    => 'X_FORWARDED_FOR',
        Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_HOST  => 'X_FORWARDED_HOST',
        Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_PROTO => 'X_FORWARDED_PROTO',
        Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_CLIENT_PORT  => 'X_FORWARDED_PORT',
    ]
];

Illuminate\Http\Request file:
<?php

namespace Illuminate\Http;

use Closure;
use ArrayAccess;
use RuntimeException;
use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Traits\Macroable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Arrayable;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request as SymfonyRequest;

class Request extends SymfonyRequest implements Arrayable, ArrayAccess
{
    use Concerns\InteractsWithContentTypes,
        Concerns\InteractsWithFlashData,
        Concerns\InteractsWithInput,
        Macroable;

    /**
     * The decoded JSON content for the request.
     *
     * @var \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag|null
     */
    protected $json;

    /**
     * All of the converted files for the request.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $convertedFiles;

    /**
     * The user resolver callback.
     *
     * @var \Closure
     */
    protected $userResolver;

    /**
     * The route resolver callback.
     *
     * @var \Closure
     */
    protected $routeResolver;

    /**
     * Create a new Illuminate HTTP request from server variables.
     *
     * @return static
     */
    public static function capture()
    {
        static::enableHttpMethodParameterOverride();

        return static::createFromBase(SymfonyRequest::createFromGlobals());
    }

    /**
     * Return the Request instance.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function instance()
    {
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the request method.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function method()
    {
        return $this->getMethod();
    }

    /**
     * Get the root URL for the application.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function root()
    {
        return rtrim($this->getSchemeAndHttpHost().$this->getBaseUrl(), '/');
    }

    /**
     * Get the URL (no query string) for the request.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function url()
    {
        return rtrim(preg_replace('/\?.*/', '', $this->getUri()), '/');
    }

    /**
     * Get the full URL for the request.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function fullUrl()
    {
        $query = $this->getQueryString();

        $question = $this->getBaseUrl().$this->getPathInfo() == '/' ? '/?' : '?';

        return $query ? $this->url().$question.$query : $this->url();
    }

    /**
     * Get the full URL for the request with the added query string parameters.
     *
     * @param  array  $query
     * @return string
     */
    public function fullUrlWithQuery(array $query)
    {
        $question = $this->getBaseUrl().$this->getPathInfo() == '/' ? '/?' : '?';

        return count($this->query()) > 0
            ? $this->url().$question.http_build_query(array_merge($this->query(), $query))
            : $this->fullUrl().$question.http_build_query($query);
    }

    /**
     * Get the current path info for the request.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function path()
    {
        $pattern = trim($this->getPathInfo(), '/');

        return $pattern == '' ? '/' : $pattern;
    }

    /**
     * Get the current decoded path info for the request.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function decodedPath()
    {
        return rawurldecode($this->path());
    }

    /**
     * Get a segment from the URI (1 based index).
     *
     * @param  int  $index
     * @param  string|null  $default
     * @return string|null
     */
    public function segment($index, $default = null)
    {
        return Arr::get($this->segments(), $index - 1, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Get all of the segments for the request path.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function segments()
    {
        $segments = explode('/', $this->decodedPath());

        return array_values(array_filter($segments, function ($value) {
            return $value !== '';
        }));
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the current request URI matches a pattern.
     *
     * @param  dynamic  $patterns
     * @return bool
     */
    public function is(...$patterns)
    {
        foreach ($patterns as $pattern) {
            if (Str::is($pattern, $this->decodedPath())) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the route name matches a given pattern.
     *
     * @param  dynamic  $patterns
     * @return bool
     */
    public function routeIs(...$patterns)
    {
        return $this->route() && $this->route()->named(...$patterns);
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the current request URL and query string matches a pattern.
     *
     * @param  dynamic  $patterns
     * @return bool
     */
    public function fullUrlIs(...$patterns)
    {
        $url = $this->fullUrl();

        foreach ($patterns as $pattern) {
            if (Str::is($pattern, $url)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the request is the result of an AJAX call.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function ajax()
    {
        return $this->isXmlHttpRequest();
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the request is the result of an PJAX call.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function pjax()
    {
        return $this->headers->get('X-PJAX') == true;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the request is over HTTPS.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function secure()
    {
        return $this->isSecure();
    }

    /**
     * Get the client IP address.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function ip()
    {
        return $this->getClientIp();
    }

    /**
     * Get the client IP addresses.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function ips()
    {
        return $this->getClientIps();
    }

    /**
     * Get the client user agent.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function userAgent()
    {
        return $this->headers->get('User-Agent');
    }

    /**
     * Merge new input into the current request's input array.
     *
     * @param  array  $input
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Request
     */
    public function merge(array $input)
    {
        $this->getInputSource()->add($input);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Replace the input for the current request.
     *
     * @param  array  $input
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Request
     */
    public function replace(array $input)
    {
        $this->getInputSource()->replace($input);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the JSON payload for the request.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed   $default
     * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag|mixed
     */
    public function json($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        if (! isset($this->json)) {
            $this->json = new ParameterBag((array) json_decode($this->getContent(), true));
        }

        if (is_null($key)) {
            return $this->json;
        }

        return data_get($this->json->all(), $key, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Get the input source for the request.
     *
     * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag
     */
    protected function getInputSource()
    {
        if ($this->isJson()) {
            return $this->json();
        }

        return $this->getRealMethod() == 'GET' ? $this->query : $this->request;
    }

    /**
     * Create an Illuminate request from a Symfony instance.
     *
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Request
     */
    public static function createFromBase(SymfonyRequest $request)
    {
        if ($request instanceof static) {
            return $request;
        }

        $content = $request->content;

        $request = (new static)->duplicate(
            $request->query->all(), $request->request->all(), $request->attributes->all(),
            $request->cookies->all(), $request->files->all(), $request->server->all()
        );

        $request->content = $content;

        $request->request = $request->getInputSource();

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function duplicate(array $query = null, array $request = null, array $attributes = null, array $cookies = null, array $files = null, array $server = null)
    {
        return parent::duplicate($query, $request, $attributes, $cookies, $this->filterFiles($files), $server);
    }

    /**
     * Filter the given array of files, removing any empty values.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $files
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function filterFiles($files)
    {
        if (! $files) {
            return;
        }

        foreach ($files as $key => $file) {
            if (is_array($file)) {
                $files[$key] = $this->filterFiles($files[$key]);
            }

            if (empty($files[$key])) {
                unset($files[$key]);
            }
        }

        return $files;
    }

    /**
     * Get the session associated with the request.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Session\Store
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException
     */
    public function session()
    {
        if (! $this->hasSession()) {
            throw new RuntimeException('Session store not set on request.');
        }

        return $this->session;
    }

    /**
     * Get the session associated with the request.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Session\Store|null
     */
    public function getSession()
    {
        return $this->session;
    }

    /**
     * Set the session instance on the request.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Session\Session  $session
     * @return void
     */
    public function setLaravelSession($session)
    {
        $this->session = $session;
    }

    /**
     * Get the user making the request.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $guard
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function user($guard = null)
    {
        return call_user_func($this->getUserResolver(), $guard);
    }

    /**
     * Get the route handling the request.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $param
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Routing\Route|object|string
     */
    public function route($param = null)
    {
        $route = call_user_func($this->getRouteResolver());

        if (is_null($route) || is_null($param)) {
            return $route;
        }

        return $route->parameter($param);
    }

    /**
     * Get a unique fingerprint for the request / route / IP address.
     *
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException
     */
    public function fingerprint()
    {
        if (! $route = $this->route()) {
            throw new RuntimeException('Unable to generate fingerprint. Route unavailable.');
        }

        return sha1(implode('|', array_merge(
            $route->methods(), [$route->getDomain(), $route->uri(), $this->ip()]
        )));
    }

    /**
     * Set the JSON payload for the request.
     *
     * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\ParameterBag  $json
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setJson($json)
    {
        $this->json = $json;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the user resolver callback.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    public function getUserResolver()
    {
        return $this->userResolver ?: function () {
            //
        };
    }

    /**
     * Set the user resolver callback.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setUserResolver(Closure $callback)
    {
        $this->userResolver = $callback;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the route resolver callback.
     *
     * @return \Closure
     */
    public function getRouteResolver()
    {
        return $this->routeResolver ?: function () {
            //
        };
    }

    /**
     * Set the route resolver callback.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRouteResolver(Closure $callback)
    {
        $this->routeResolver = $callback;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get all of the input and files for the request.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function toArray()
    {
        return $this->all();
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given offset exists.
     *
     * @param  string  $offset
     * @return bool
     */
    public function offsetExists($offset)
    {
        return array_key_exists(
            $offset, $this->all() + $this->route()->parameters()
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get the value at the given offset.
     *
     * @param  string  $offset
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function offsetGet($offset)
    {
        return $this->__get($offset);
    }

    /**
     * Set the value at the given offset.
     *
     * @param  string  $offset
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return void
     */
    public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {
        $this->getInputSource()->set($offset, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Remove the value at the given offset.
     *
     * @param  string  $offset
     * @return void
     */
    public function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        $this->getInputSource()->remove($offset);
    }

    /**
     * Check if an input element is set on the request.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function __isset($key)
    {
        return ! is_null($this->__get($key));
    }

    /**
     * Get an input element from the request.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __get($key)
    {
        if (array_key_exists($key, $this->all())) {
            return data_get($this->all(), $key);
        }

        return $this->route($key);
    }
}

Thanks

A: I have updated from 5.5 to 5.6
composer.json
"minimum-stability":"dev",
"prefer-stable": true,

This will install latest Laravel packages, then there will be issue with TrustedProxies.
Install the latest proxy version for Laravel 5.6.
Please use tag 4.0+ for Laravel 5.6:
composer require fideloper/proxy:~4.0

More details

A: I did this and it works perfectly.
1. composer.json:
From:
"require": {
        "php": ">=7.0.0",
        "fideloper/proxy": "~3.3",
        "laravel/framework": "5.5.*",
        "laravel/tinker": "~1.0"
    },

To:
"require": {
        "php": ">=7.1.3",
        "fideloper/proxy": "~4.0",
        "laravel/framework": "5.6.*",
        "laravel/tinker": "~1.0"
    },

2. Replace app\Http\Middleware\TrustedProxies.php file with contents below:
<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Fideloper\Proxy\TrustProxies as Middleware;

class TrustProxies extends Middleware
{
    /**
     * The trusted proxies for this application.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $proxies;

    /**
     * The headers that should be used to detect proxies.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $headers = Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_ALL;
}

3. composer update

A: First install Laravel 5.6 i faced this error as well.
Just follow the few steps below will fix it:

*

*Make sure your file composer.json requirement has:

    "require": {
        "php": "^7.1.3",
        "fideloper/proxy": "^4.0",
            },

*

*Then try composer update to make sure your composer is up-to-date

*Finally run: composer require fideloper/proxy:~4.0

*Done!

A: To anyone who tried upgrading directly from laravel 5.5 to 5.7, and got this problem too, remove the trustedproxy.php file from app->config->trustedproxy.php.
Hopes that helps someone.

A: Laravel's Request object extends Symfony's Request object. Laravel 5.5 depends on Symfony 3, which has that constant. Laravel 5.6 depends on Symfony 4, which does not have that constant.
Based on your trusted proxies configuration, it looks like you're using the trusted proxies package "outside" of Laravel. Laravel brought the trusted proxies package inside the framework in 5.5, and created a dedicated \App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies middleware for you to use.
I would suggest moving to use the middleware and configuring it as described in the Laravel documentation. This will help prevent this type of compatibility issue in the future.
To make the switch:

*

*In app/Http/Kernel.php, if \Fideloper\Proxy\TrustProxies::class is in your $middleware array, remove it. If \App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies::class is not in your $middleware array, add it.

*Open your app/Http/Middleware/TrustProxies.php file and update it with your proxies.

*Delete your config/trustedproxy.php file.

*Remove Fideloper\Proxy\TrustedProxyServiceProvider::class from your providers array in config/app.php.

*Update your composer.json file to use "fideloper/proxy": "~4.0". Run composer update fideloper/proxy to update the package.

A: Just need to Change fideloper/proxy in composer.json file:-
Your composer.json file now:-
"fideloper/proxy": "~3.3",

Change it to ^4.0 somthing like this:-
"fideloper/proxy": "^4.0",

After that you need to run update composer that's it.
composer update

A: Your problem comes from your use of the library TrustedProxy.
It uses Symfony's HEADER_CLIENT_IP constant which was deprecated with Symfony 3.3 and completely removed in Symfony 4.0.
Since Laravel 5.6 has updated to use Symfony 4 components, this will no longer work.
The way to solve it is to do what patricus suggested and use Laravel's TrustProxies middleware.

A: I did the following things and got my project to run on Laravel 5.6-dev:

*

*Followed what patricus
suggested

*Changed fideloper/proxy to "~4.0", and added "minimum-stability":
"dev", "prefer-stable": true at the end of my composer.json file.

A: Replace app\Http\Middleware\TrustedProxies.php by:
    <?php

  namespace App\Http\Middleware;

  use Illuminate\Http\Request;
  use Fideloper\Proxy\TrustProxies as Middleware;

  class TrustProxies extends Middleware
  {
    protected $proxies;
    protected $headers = Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_ALL;
  }

Replace config\trustedproxy.php by:
<?php

return [
    'proxies' => null,
    'headers' => Illuminate\Http\Request::HEADER_X_FORWARDED_ALL,
];

A: None of the suggestions here worked for me for some reason.  I am using quickadmin panel and various dependencies which might have something to do with it.
What finally worked was removing laravel/dusk, then updating to "fideloper/proxy": "~4.0", on it's own.  Then updating laravel/framework to 5.6, then reinstalling dusk.
I did not need:

"minimum-stability":"dev",
"prefer-stable": true,

Maybe that was fixed with recent updates.

A: Faced the same issue and got a number of guidelines to resolve this. Unfortunately none of those worked or me. Actually there is no additional step or tasks needed to be addressed to fix this issue.
Just follow the official upgrade guide from https://laravel.com/docs/5.6/upgrade and along with that remove the trustedproxy config file located at config/trustedproxy.php

A: Had the same issue in Laravel 5.7. You may add TELESCOPE_ENABLED=false in your .env or .env.dusk.local :Source


If you truly want to de-stress your system after a hard week of work then you can easily relax with your close friends even as you enjoy that heady feeling with alcoholic drinks. Alcoholic beverages can be consumed in moderation so as to enjoy all potential benefits and a few alcohol shots into your system will also help you enjoy any party without feeling shy or awkward.
Alcoholic beverages are created when an ethanol alcohol base is created due to the fermentation of various grains, fruits, or vegetables. The result is alcohol mixed drinks such as beer, whiskey, rum, wine, vodka, and many such drinks that contain varying levels of alcohol within each serving. The strength of alcohol is displayed as proof levels on each bottle of that particular alcohol and most spirits have higher levels of alcohol concentration as compared to beer or wine. Wine is an excellent alcoholic drink that can be consumed with your meals and possesses several health benefits when consumed in moderation.
All alcohol mixed drinks require fermentation by the addition of yeast into the mash. The brew mash is first prepared by mixing the desired grains, fruits or vegetables with water and other ingredients to form a thick liquid. This liquid is known as wort and is then turned into fermented alcohol after the process of ethanol fermentation where yeast is added to the boiled and then cooled-down wort. This process could take days or even years in the case of certain wines and whiskeys. The ethanol mash is also flavored with wops in the case of beer or with other flavors to produce the desired alcoholic beverages.
The fermented drinks are also filtered and polished to produce a smooth alcoholic drink with the desired alcohol body, aroma, and taste to suit avid drinkers such as you. Depending on the drink to be prepared, fermented beverage production will require the production of vodka mash, sugar mash, or beer mash so that it can be fermented and turned into the final product. In fact, there are several homebrew kits available in the market that can help you to make your own homebrew mash and alcoholic drinks right at home. However, you will require a little trial-and-error time to get the formula right so as to make that perfect alcohol base for your final product as well as study local liquor laws so that you do not end up breaking any of them.
Several alcohol drinks can also be mixed before final packaging to create exciting new drinks. For example Sherry is created by mixing wine with specific spirits. However, if you plan to go in for mixed alcohol drinks at a party then you should remember that some drinks do not mix well with each other once they enter your body and could cause an adverse reaction when consumed together.
Drinking your favorite type of alcohol beverage can be a wonderful way to relieve stress and relax your body and mind. The final strength and body of your fermented beverage will depend on the quantity of key ingredients, temperature and time of fermentation utilized to convert the sugar mash into fermented alcohol. Whether you relax in a bar with alcoholic beverages in your hand or make your own homebrew mash to create your favorite drink, the key is to enjoy your alcohol drinks in a manner that simply relaxes your body and leaves you with a happy state of mind.


Google Authenticator (GA) - The default app for 2FA. You can download it both from App Store and Google Play. Please check setup instructions in this article.
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text:
Home Bio Cole Anello Parents, Age, Family, Wikipedia, Mother, Murdered in an accident, Bio
Cole Anello Parents, Age, Family, Wikipedia, Mother, Murdered in an accident, Bio
Cole Anello: On November 16, 2021, a car was struck by a tree, caught fire, and the occupants died as a result of their injuries. Following investigations, it was discovered that all of the victims were 16-year-old high school students who died as a result of the tragic incident.
One of them was Cole Anello, a student and high school football star who is reported to be a very nice person by his colleges and acquaintances. People are grieved over the death of such a remarkable person, and according to accounts, many didn't believe it had happened until they got the official announcement.
Three high school students were murdered in an accident in St. Louis County on Sunday, and their memorial is growing.
Cole Anello Age, Date of Birth, Birthday, Family, What about her father, mother, where is she from? Early Life
Which school did he go to? What was his major?
Cole Anello Net worth, how much does he earn?
Cole Anello's wife, What about his relationship?
Cole Anello incident, what happened to him?
Is Cole Anello available on any kind of social media platform?
Cole Anello Body Appearance Height, Weight
Interesting facts about Cole Anello which you should be known about
Cole Anello, 16, Rhegan Sajben, 15, and Jacob Keifer, both 15, were identified as the suspects. Marquette High School was where Sajben and Keifer met. De Smet High School was where Anello went. Hundreds of kids returned to both schools on Monday, feeling the loss of those who had previously attended. Teachers are now attempting to explain, grieve, and assist other kids in coping with the tragedy. Hall teaches theology at De Smet High School.
Cole Anello has been a friend of his since before he began his freshman year, and he has had him in numerous of his classes. Anello, according to Hall, was "funny, weird, and had an intoxicating vibe that everyone in the room clung to." Anello was always asking questions, aiding other students, and brightening up the classroom, according to Hall. Anello excelled at lacrosse and soccer on the field. Hall expressed his gratitude and love.
Cole Anello, a young Missouri high school student who died in a car accident, was only 16 years old at the time of his death. Although his precise date of birth or birthday has not been released, we have calculated his age to be 16 based on the information provided by all official websites.
To be more exact, there is currently nothing available to say about Cole Anello's parents. However, given that he was enrolled in a Missouri high school, he was most likely born and raised there. The same can be said about his family, because there are no specific details available, only generalizations about the members and his family, who live in St. Louis County, Missouri.
Read About: Christine McGuinness Age, Wikipedia, Height, Family, Husband, Net worth, Birthday
Given that a young guy in a family has died, they are undoubtedly devastated and saddened by the loss of one of their loved ones. Many of his friends and family members have made various statements, but none of his family members or parents have spoken to the media about the incident.
Cole Anello, 16, Rhegan Sajben, 15, and Jacob Keifer, all 15, were named as the suspects. Keifer and Sajben both went to Marquette High School. De Smet High School was Anello's alma mater.
Also Read: Everything on: Kealia Ohai Age, Net Worth, Salary, Height, Sister, Parents, Wedding
Hundreds of kids returned to both campuses on Monday, feeling the absence of those who had previously attended. Teachers are now attempting to explain, grieve, and assist other pupils in coping with this tragic loss.
He has never spoken about his net worth to the general public or revealed anything on the web yet.
Trending: Who is Joseph Czub? Obituary – What was his cause of death? Dead at 48, Wife, Age, Family, Wiki, Bio
We are currently trying to determine his actual fortune as you read this article and the verified information will be published very soon.
Cole Anello appears to be having a good time all of the time. He appears to be unmarried. He is too young to be married. We can assume he is single or maybe he likes to keep his dating life personal.
Must Read: Who is Patrick Leahy? Age, Net worth, Family, Wife, Salary, Biography, Wiki
Any information about his girlfriend has not been revealed on his media. verified information about his love life media will be updated soon.
Recently, on November 16, 2021, a vehicle was struck by a tree, causing it to explode into flames and killing the people inside. Examinations revealed that all of the victims were secondary school understudies between the ages of 16 and 18 and that they had died as a result of the tragic event.
Popular: Missing: Who is William Tyrrell? Parents, Age, Found Dead, Mother charged, Wikipedia, Sister, Family
One of them was Cole Anello, a secondary school football player who is said to be a generally outstanding person by his universities and well-known ones. Individuals are devastated over the death of such a remarkable figure, and according to accounts, many didn't believe it had truly happened until they heard the authority news.
We looked for him on Twitter, Facebook, and other social media platforms but were unable to locate him. he must have a social media account under a different name, or he may not have any.
You may also like: Deebo Samuel Age, Family, Net worth, Lifestyle, Bio, Wiki, Girlfriend, Career
Any further information about his social media will be updated later.
Height N / A
Hair color Brunette
Weight N / A
Body type Fit
Zodiac sign N / A
Relationship Status N / A
Children N / A
Wife N / A
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text:
Grand Theatre Steubenville, Ohio
July 22, 2013 May 23, 2017 / Matt
The Grand is one of the 22 theaters in my new book "After the Final Curtain: The Fall of the American Movie Theater." Find out more here.
All of the seats have been recently removed due to the upcoming restoration.
The Grand Theatre building was built in 1885 by German immigrant Jacob Griesinger, Sr. in Steubenville, Ohio. It originally housed a saloon, restaurant and livery stables. In 1924, the building was taken over by Charles, Edward, Howard and William Biggio. The four brothers had the stables torn down and constructed the Grand Theatre auditorium in its place.
View of the balcony from the main level.
Originally showing live entertainment, the Grand was eventually converted into a movie theater. The Grand has the distinction of being the first air-conditioned theater in Ohio. In 1979, the Grand Theatre closed for the first time. It briefly reopened and showed a few films before closing for good in the early 1980s.
The theater's foyer.
Since closing, the Grand Theatre building was used for a number of different things, including storage for a local thrift shop. In 2010, the building was purchased by the Grand Theatre Restoration Project. The Grand Theatre Restoration Project, led by Scott Dressel, plans to restore and renovate the theater into a performing arts center and museum. Renovation has begun, and the lobby has already been completely restored.
The lobby is completely restored and decorated for the holidays.
A face in plaster-work above the balcony.
Some of the projection equipment was left behind when the theater closed.
The auditorium ceiling suffered a lot of water damage while the theater was closed.
The remains of theater seating cover the main level of the auditorium.
The theater's proscenium arch was also water damaged while the theater was closed.
View of the auditorium from the side of the balcony.
Abandoned, Abandoned Theater, Architecture, Theaters
43953, abandoned theater, architecture, Ohio, Steubenville
← Embassy Theatre
The Jayhawk State Theatre of Kansas →
6 thoughts on "Grand Theatre Steubenville, Ohio"
Zachtacular1
This is fascinating to read! How do you get permission to tour these buildings?
http://lifeismuyfantastico.wordpress.com/
Thanks. Getting permission isn't easy. It takes a lot of phone calls to the right people.
I am totally obsessed with this site! Thank you for sharing!
Robert Oxley
I would love to look at the stage. I'm a theatre technician and work mostly in Wheeling WV. I have been in the valley my entire life. I honestly didn't know this theatre existed but then again when it closed I was only around 20.
I grew up in Wintersville, right outside Steubenville from 1966-1972. Our parents dropped us at the Grand or the Capitol on summer days to watch matinees for – what? 25 cents? 50? I remember the seedy grandeur of those places well, and seeing movies that ranged from "Nicholas and Alexandra" to "Blacula."
Dwight Collins
As a grammar school age child in 1957 and 1958 my friends and I could almost always be found Saturday mornings at the Grand Theater or the Capital Theater or some times the little Ohio Theater around the corner watching cartoons and those great scary movies. We lived in Steubenville and walked to the theaters.


After you place the order for Upgrade to Vectorworks Fundamentals 2019 From VW Fundamentals 2017, we will send you an e-mail asking for the last 6 digits of the serial number of the Vectorworks license to upgrade. Be sure to have a regular Vectorworks Fundamentals 2014 license. Available only for US licenses.