The DJ tells us what tops her playlist.
Adriana Recchi, one of the triumvirate behind the freshly opened Beat Club in Baixo Augusta, is also one-sixth of DePolainas, a collective of female DJs, hostesses, promoters and producers who gather their talents to ignite parties at some of the city's hippest spots, like Casa 92, D-Edge, and now at Beat Club. Adriana graciously accepted our challenge to pick her current top seven tracks, and fill us in on what they mean to her.
I simply love the sound of Nina Simone's voice. I have all her albums, but I knew I couldn't put in two or three from the same artist, so I chose one I really like. All the tracks I've chosen remind me of either somewhere or someone – but I'll keep the 'someones' private.
This group, mixing country music and alternative rock, is one of those bands I'm always listening to at home, either on my phone or on my iPod. I adore that country twist to their sound, and being a fan of the genre, I regularly listen to Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash as well.
I tried to put a few 'newer' songs on my list, so it wouldn't look so dated! I put a lot of my personal taste into my sets, depending on where I play, so this is one I use a lot to open with, especially when it's a lounge set and I can vary things.
This is one of those tracks I play when I feel at ease. It reminds me a lot of a fun stage of my life where I used to go out dancing a lot and have a hell of a time. You could say it's a bit nostalgic.
This one's ideal for any dancefloor. It was amazing back then, when electronic music was just spreading around the country. Also, it takes me back to one of the first jobs I had at a club, when I met some very important people in my life and who are still part of it.
Of course I like all of [John Frusciante's] songs, but this is one I listen to most often. Personally, I love his solo work, his passion as a composer. He left and then returned to play with Red Hot Chili Peppers, but when he left for good, I started to pay more attention. He's amazing.
One of the genres I like best is punk rock, and that's what this band is all about. 'Suspect Device' is the kind of track that's always on in clubs where rockers hang out. I couldn't leave them off my list, especially now that I know they're playing this month. You bet I'll be there, as close as I can get to the stage.


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Last week it was the graduation of the annual course 'Career Progression for Women' at The University of Queensland. This course is conducted bi-annually for women at the University who will continue to progress in their careers and exercise their leadership at UQ. Around 20 women from the whole university are selected to participate in the course, facilitated by impressive women Prof. Polly Parker and Ms. Jennifer Witheriff.
Sonia Roitman (UQ Planning) and Karen McNamara (UQ Environmental Management) from the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences (SEES) participated in the course in 2018. The graduation ceremony was conducted by UQ Vice-Chancellor Peter Høj at Customs House. Congratulations Karen and Sonia!
Tags: Graduation, Leadership, Sonia Roitman, University, women. Bookmark the permalink.


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Want your Computer games to run more rapidly and smoother, without spending an added penny? six. Go early and appreciate the preparations. The mornings of Pride weekend — when final night's partygoers are nonetheless sleeping off their hangovers — can be a excellent time to soak up the atmosphere. Verify out the schedule to see where and when family members-themed events are happening, or just take a stroll by means of the stalls and general hoopla. Bring a lot of loonies and toonies, and get your little ones to put them in the donation boxes," says Danny Smith, 3-year-old Carson's other dad. It really is a excellent way to show them that this exciting occasion is about fundraising, too." If you're not preparing to see the parade, it can be practically as a lot enjoyable to station oneself at the beginning of the route to see the floats and performers getting setup. Organize your space. Initial, throw out all of your meals wrappers, cardboard boxes, junk that you can't donate, and whatever else is cluttering up your space. Then go through your stuff, one piece of furnishings at a time, until you have managed to have a neat bed, desk, drawer, closet, and so on. When you have any concerns concerning where by and also how to utilize please click the following article (https://saucemosque7.bloguetrotter.biz/2018/08/25/maximize-your-gaming-expertise-with-the-following-pointers/), you can contact us with our web page. And if you happen to be only attempting to kill an hour or two, then stick to 1 part of your room and be proud of the work you have carried out.Dylan Moran explains how designers can develop successful tutorials that teach players essential tactics whilst also maintaining their interest. Out the window, the sun shines in a brilliant blue sky. But inside the large meeting space at Surrey City Hall, about a dozen kids age 7 to 14 have their faces figuratively glued to laptop computer systems.Two years later, they had been far more most likely to endure from depression, social phobias and anxiety than those who played video games much less usually. In the study, the couple of heavy gamers who stopped playing so considerably tended to show fewer symptoms of depression.Each games begins with all of the balls, numbered 1-75 in play, unless the caller decides to play for yet another winner or "fill-the-card" (in which case, all players hold their markers in spot and the balls already selected are kept out of the 'unselected' pool).Out of all of the card daily challenges, I like spider the ideal. If I have the time, I like to resolve them all in a month's time. At my age, that is pretty great I consider. Thanks for this game. You will be confronted with the names of a bunch of video games for the Wii. Use the up and down directions on the manage pad and use the left and proper directions to scroll up and down.The collectable items offer modify the look of a player's weapons, avatar or gear employed in the game. Do not try to sneak onto video games. This will make you want to play much more and a lot more and a lot more. You will inevitably be found. Sometimes skins can be earned inside a game, but they can also be bought with real cash.Lots of programs run in the background in Windows, and they use up resources like memory and CPU time. You can use Pc optimisation utilities to make certain there are no superfluous processes running that could hamper game functionality. You can also clear out temporary files and defragment your difficult drive (don't do this on an SSD although).FIXED MATCHES Half Time Full Time, one hundred% confident fixed matches, greatest fixed match, certain source for football fixed matches, guarantee certain profit with betting tips, best fixed matches from selected sources, betting positive prediction, winning Find Out More match fixed certain profit betting guidelines.The notion is that 1 day, distinct varieties of ability-primarily based games will exist on casino floors, such as games that look and really feel more like console video games, from shooters to racing games. In addition, Zika cases had been down 93 percent in June from January and may be decrease in August, the heart of the southern winter. Tens of thousands of added police officers and soldiers will patrol the games.Attempt to keep your game's rules as short and easy as feasible. Something too complex could lead to the players losing interest. Brain Games for Children If you're on the younger side (or just young at heart), take a look at these top ten games for youngsters.Want your Pc games to run more rapidly and smoother, with no spending an further penny? To overcome boredom, try performing some thing inventive like painting a picture or practicing some creative writing. You could also try getting in some exercising by taking a stroll, playing basketball, or looking up yoga videos on-line. Alternatively, choose anything that you have been putting off, like laundry or homework, and get it done so you are going to have a sense of accomplishment. If you cannot leave the residence, contact some close friends to come more than and re-watch some favourite movies or play a game to take your mind off your boredom.Open-planet shooter: an action adventure game in which the player has cost-free access to a huge atmosphere, usually a fantasy realm or a modern city, and can freely explore. There is frequently a series of narrative missions which move the story along, but the world will also contain an array of optional side-quests and tasks, which offer various experiences and allow the player to level up" with new items and skills.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This video challenges the social work student to articulate her/his role in a multidisciplinary team.
Mental health represents a significant area of social work practice. Through this video, social work students appreciate and learn to work from a multidisciplinary as well as clinical perspective. They are empowered to articulate what they do in aiding the consumer toward recovery.
"Approximately 45 per cent of Australians will experience a mental illness at some point in their lives, ..." (Hungerford et al., 2015, p. 29). These alarming statistics is an important area of concern for the society. Social work has adopted a more holistic approach which is founded on social justice and human rights values. A strong emphasis by health practitioners regarding the bio-psycho-social model gives a good balance of understanding mental health and illness from opposite extremes of the medical model and sociological model of health (Bland, Renouf and Tullgren, 2009). These combinations demand partnerships across multidisciplinary teams to provide a holistic, comprehensive management.
The curriculum innovation repositions social work education in mental health with a focus on recovery and multidisciplinary perspectives. The aim is to enhance career development so that social work students appreciate and learn to work from a multidisciplinary as well as clinical perspective while focusing on recovery-oriented practice.
The material will be used extensively in social work subjects on mental health and will strengthen the existing curriculum by addressing the identified gaps in the student's preparedness to articulate and perform her/his role in a multidisciplinary team.


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"The redemption will come about only through the study of the Torah. And the essential redemption depends upon the study of the Kabbalah"
R. ELIYAHU, THE VILNA GAON (Evven Shelemah 11:3)
Deu_28:1 "And it shall be, if you diligently obey the voice of HaShem your Elohim, to guard to do all His commands which I command you today, that HaShem your Elohim shall set you high above all nations of the earth.
Deu 14:1 "You are the children of HaShem your Elohim. Do not cut yourselves nor shave the front of your head for the dead,
Deu 14:2 for you are a set-apart people to HaShem your Elohim, and HaShem has chosen you to be a people for Himself, a treasured possession above all the peoples who are on the face of the earth.
Deu 26:17 "You have today caused HaShem to proclaim to be your Elohim, and to walk in His ways and guard His laws, and His commands, and His right-rulings, and to obey His voice.
Deu 26:18 "And HaShem has caused you to proclaim today to be His people, a treasured possession, as He has spoken to you, and to guard all His commands,
Deu 26:19 so as to set you high above all nations which He has made, for a praise, and for a name, and for esteem, and for you to be a set-apart people to HaShem your Elohim, as He has spoken."
Isa_2:2 And it shall be in the latter days that the mountain of the House of HaShem is established on the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills. And all nations shall flow to it.
Remember always: 'Guard your evil inclination': 'Deu_28:1 "And it shall be, if you diligently obey the voice of HaShem your Elohim, to guard to do all His commands which I command you today, that HaShem your Elohim shall set you high above all nations of the earth.'
Please understand and do the Prayer: 'פתח אליהו Elijah began speaking and said……..'? Maybe you read her again before the next that I share with you? Don't DO Cabbala! But learn from our rabbi's……
Ps. Please learn in every teaching to read 'Israelites' instead of 'Jews'……..? Because we have today: 'Jewish-Israelites' and 'non-Jewish Israelites'!
A teaching from (A Project of Congregation Lubavitch – Chabad Jewish Education Center):
'A Spark of Moshiach
What does it mean that every Jew (Note from Ariel: every Israelite) has a spark of the soul of Moshiach?
In order to answer this question, we must first understand what the Jewish (Israelite) soul is. The Midrash writes: "There are five names for the soul: Nefesh, Ruach, Neshama, Chaya and Yechidah." These five names, as explained in the teachings of Chassidut, are not simply words. Rather, each one reflects a different level and aspect of the soul.
The first four (Nefesh, Ruach, Neshama and Chaya) refer to the powers of action, emotion, intellect and will. Each of these aspects of the soul can be used in either a positive or negative way. One can choose to perform good deeds or bad, indulge in positive or negative emotions, or use one's intellect to accomplish constructive or destructive ends. Our will can also be directed towards the positive or the negative. Yechidah, on the other hand, is the essence of the soul, which cannot be corrupted by our surroundings. The Yechidah is connected to the divine at all times, and always reflects its Creator.
Over the course of our daily lives, the Yechidah rarely finds expression. Only when we are confronted with a challenge that threatens to sever our link with G-d, our Yechidah rises up and reveals itself. The Yechidah cannot, and will not, allow itself to be separated from its divine source.
The teachings of Kabbalah explain that the entire Jewish (Israelite) People is comprised of a single, united soul. Moshiach is called the "general Yechidah," containing and reflecting the soul root of every Jew (Israelite). Each of our souls is a reflection or ray of this general Yechidah.
When a Jew (Israelite) reveals his penchant for self-sacrifice and overcomes his spiritual challenges, he is revealing the spark of Moshiach within his soul. This gives each one of us the power to bring the Redemption. When we arouse the Yechida within us, we release ourselves from the wiles of the evil inclination, which leads to the entire Jewish (Israelite) People being released from the shackles of exile.
(Yeshaya 52:13. Bereishit Rabba, Chapter 14:9. Devarim Rabba, 2:37. Perush Ramaz on Zohar, Vol. 2, p. 43, Vol. 3, p. 260. Meor Einayim, Parshas Pinchas. Kuntres Inyana shel Toras Hachassidus.
A teaching from Rabbi Ginsburgh (Internet source: http://www.inner.org/jewhome/jewhome5.htm):
The Jewish Home: Chapter 5 – Five Levels of the Soul – An Inverted Seal
In light of the above, an obvious question arises. What category corresponds to the yud of G-d's name, the world of Atzilut, and to the higher, kotso shel yud, the tip of the yud, which is the sefirah of keter? To understand this, we must return to the first model of the three categories. In the first model, the home corresponds to the highest level of the nefesh, the makeef harachok, called the yechida. The clothing, the makeef hakarov, corresponds to the chaya. In Kabbalah, the chaya is generally the yud of G-d's name, and the yechida is the "tip of the yud." Mazon corresponds to the first hei of G-d's name. This is the phenomenon in Kabbalah called the Chotam Hamithapech, the "Inverted Seal." The very highest level of yechida becomes physically manifest at the level of malchut. The very highest descends to the very lowest. The chaya primarily manifests at the level of madim, clothing, which are the characteristics of the heart.
Mazon, the first hei of G-d's name, is the pivotal point. We have seen that food is the hinge on which the other two categories reflect themselves.
To Summarize:
Mazon First hei Imma Neshamah
Levush Vav Midot Chayah
Bayit Final hei Malchut Yechidah
The five levels of the soul are called nefesh, ruach, neshama, chaya, yechida. The yechida reflects itself in the nefesh. This is revealed in the relation between Mashiach and King David. Each of the five levels of the soul correspond to a general soul root. The Arizal explains that the general soul root of the nefesh in all of Am Yisrael is King David. The ruach is the prophet, Elijah. The neshama, which is the mind, mochin d'Imma, is Moses, as stated in the Gemorah that Moses merited binah. The chaya corresponds to the ideal and primordial, blissful state of Adam and Eve before the sin. Had Adam stood that trial successfully, he would have risen to the level of yechida. Since he failed the trial he fell from all the levels of Olam ha'Atzilut. The highest level, yechida, is that of Mashiach, may he become revealed speedily in our days.
It is clear that of all the previous figures, Mashiach reflects himself in King David. That is why Mashiach is referred to as Mashiach ben David. The pivot point is Moses. The union of Mashiach and David depends on the power of Moses. In Kabbalah we are taught that the Mashiach possesses the soul of Moses within the body of David. Thus he is physically the son of David but it is the soul of Moses that is manifest in his inner state of consciousness.
Likewise, Moses reaches up and takes the spiritual level of Adam before the sin and manifests it as Elijah the Prophet. Had Adam not sinned, he would not have been punished with death. The soul that did not physically die is Elijah. In this respect, the rectification of Adam before the sin, or the return to the idyllic state of Adam prior to the sin was achieved by Elijah. This was done with the power of Moses. This is Chotam Hamithapech.
Nefesh King David
Ruach Elijah
Neshama Moses
Chaya Adam and Eve
Yechida Mashiach
A teaching from Choni (Internet source http://soullite.blogspot.co.il/2012/03/yechidas-vessel.html)
'Yechida's Vessel
Jewish mysticism teaches that the soul is comprised of five general levels. Their names are from lowest to highest:
1) Nefesh – a biological soul,
2) Ruach – an emotional or personality soul,
3) Neshama – a rational soul,
4) Chaya – an intuitive soul,
5) Yechida – will or core identity
Together these five levels string together to form a spiritual umbilical cord stretching from the soul's uppermost origin of identity down into her earthly body. Finally settling around the body, the soul extends her illuminations into the various organs of the body, providing them with animation and function. The main centers of illumination are the mind, heart and liver. The neshama extends illumination into the left hemisphere of the brain. The ruach extends illumination into the heart/lung area and the "nefesh" into the liver. These main centers directly control very important bodily systems. The neshama mostly animates the nervous system. The "ruach" mostly animates the circulatory and respiratory system and the "nefesh" is mostly concerned with the digestive system.
When it comes to the chaya, the body does not really provide a complete vessel in the body to receive its illumination. However, the right hemisphere of the brain serves as a partial vessel. The vessel is incomplete because it can only partially accommodate the chaya's illumination. The outpouring and intensity is much greater than the right brain is capable of grasping. It's like trying to capture a gallon of water in a shot glass. Only small portion of the totality will be contained. This is why the signals from the right hemisphere are marked by spotty flashes of insight and creativity, unlike the steady rigorous thought pattern of the left brain. In fact, in order for those spotty flashes to transform into fully useful ideas, they need to be transferred over to the left hemisphere, into the domain of the neshama's illumination, for unpacking.
So what serves as the vessel for the illumination of yechida? Generally, yechida is described as having no biological organ or organ system serving as it's vessel of illumination. Early on in his work Tal Orot, Rabbi Yaakov Meir Shpielman explains that the yechida's illumination uses the chaya and neshama soul levels to serve as its vessel, thereby, affecting the body indirectly by way of these soul levels. However, this can't be the only pathway for yechida to reach the body – though it's probably the usual norm. The Chabad Chassidic classic Kuntres Hitpa'alut discusses downloading the yechida into conscious awareness – referring to this state of consciousness as, "a revelation of the yechida". Furthermore, the most recent Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, explains that while yechida does not have a specific organ in the body to claim as its own, it is associated with the whole body (see the book "On the Essence of Chassidus").
Since yechida's illumination can't be expressed by a fragment of the human being, like through a single bodily organ, it seems likely that the whole person working as an integrated single unit can serve as the vessel for yechida. This soul level is so powerful that it requires the cooperation and coordination of a whole integrated person in order to receive the download of its illumination. So the whole person ends up becoming yechida's vessel.
This understanding helps explain why Judaism places tremendous emphasis on the physical side of human life. While there are world religions which heavily emphasize transcendence, i.e. a retreat away from the physical realm, Judaism usually includes the physical side of life in religious devotional service, allowing a whole person, body and soul, to participate in reaching out towards the Creator. Only when the whole person participates in the devotion, can the highest soul level, the yechida also join along. In certain cases, this can extend to including even a person's life interests – as the holy Baal Shem Tov was fond of quoting, "In all your ways know Him …" (Proverbs 3:6).
Besides needing a whole person to serve as a vessel for the yechida, there is also another dynamic occurring when the participation includes the lowest levels of the person, the yechida actually feels more at home. This is because there's a unique relationship between the highest and lowest levels. In any well planned project the final outcome is usually contained in the most initial thought. Therefore, the first step and last step of the project most closely match, in perfect reflection, more closely than any of the other stages. All the middle stages, no matter how incredible, only serve as a bridge linking the first thought to the final outcome and therefore, aren't included in the special relationship shared by the very first and last stages. For example, if one wants to build a house, if well planned out, the very first notion of how the house should look will be reflected in the final product. The same idea applies to the soul/body relationship, the stages a human being which the Creator created first, i.e. the yechida, are best reflected in the body, which was created last.
The five soul levels merely reflect the placement of soul in relation to body. So the level, illuminating the liver, is called nefesh and the level illuminating the heart/lung area is called ruach, merely because of their placement in relationship to the body. However, placement settings are flexible and can change when a person spiritually grows. What was previously considered ruach can join the nefesh, becoming part of nefesh. When this happens, what was previously considered neshama will become the new ruach. This pattern will chain all the way up and as a result what was previously yechida will now become chaya and the person will attain a brand new yechida.
Such a pattern of continual download of yet higher soul levels can occur because soul levels are endlessly continuous upward into higher spiritual realms. With each stage of growth a person can change the position of the different soul levels in relation to the body, thereby, changing their names and functions. So what was yechida to fragmented vessels in an earlier state of a human being's spiritual development might become merely the nefesh to a more wholesome integrated human being in a more advanced stage of spiritual growth.'
18th Century Jewish tzaddik, Rebbe Nachman of Breslev:
"If the Tzaddik displays exceptional spiritual powers, the mystery does not lie in some notion of intrinsic superiority. The spirituality he possesses IS THE SPIRITUALITY OF THE TORAH ITSELF!! – for the Tzaddik is one who has brought his entire being so totally under the dominion of the Torah that his every thought is a Torah thought, every word he says is Torah, and every deed is for the sake of Torah. This explains why the Rabbis said, "How foolish are the people who rise out of respect before a Sefer Torah (Torah scroll) but will not stand up in honor of a great man (Maccot 22b). For the Tzaddik is one whose every thought, word and deed is a MANIFESTATION OF TORAH. It is in this sense that the Tzaddik is the perfect exemplar of the COVENANT – because the TORAH ITSELF IS THE COVENANT. The Tzaddik does more than merely conform to the letter of the Law. Even in what is permitted to him, he sanctifies himself to the ultimate degree. It is through his complete devotion to the highest ideals of Torah that the divine power of the Torah shines through him and gives him access to powers unattainable by those who have not reached a similar sanctity." (From Rabbi Nachman's Tikkun, Tikkun HaKlali, page 100.'
Pro 10:25 When the whirlwind passed, the wicked is no more; but the righteous is an everlasting foundation.
'The Righteous One – The Foundation of the world, Messiah Ben Yoseph who received the soul of, The Messenger of His Presence – מלאך פניו:
All '…..His commands and His laws which are written in this Book of the Torah…..' Deu. 30: 10 All the Words spoken from between the Cherubim from 'before His Presence…..'
That 'makes' Him The Righteous One!
In the Talmud ((Yoma 38b) is written:
1. Hiyya b. Abba said also in the name of R. Johanan: Even for the sake of a single righteous man does the world endure, as it is said: But the righteous is the foundation of the world. 26
2. Hiyya himself infers this from here: He will keep the feet of His holy ones' 27 'Holy ones' means many? — R. Nahman b. Isaac said: It is written: His holy' one. 27
26 Pro 10:25 As the whirlwind passes by, The wrong one is no more, But the righteous (in Hebrew וצדיק יסוד עולם׃ 'and the Righteous' –singular-) has an everlasting foundation.
27 1Sa 2:9 "He guards the feet of His kind ones (in Hebrew חסידו 'His Righteous One' –singular-) but the wrong are silent in darkness, for man does not become mighty by power.
The Messiah: "My Voice".
The One who called Abraham and blessed him.
Gen 22:15-18 And the Messenger of HaShem called to Abraham a second time from the heavens,
16 and said, "By Myself I have sworn, declares HaShem (Who is here speaking? When the 'Messenger of Hashem is speaking?) , because you have done this, and have not withheld your son, your only son,
17 that I shall certainly bless you, and I shall certainly increase your seed as the stars of the heavens and as the sand which is on the seashore, and let your seed possess the gate of their enemies.
18 "And in your seed all the nations of the earth shall be blessed, because you have obeyed My voice."
*Gen 22:2 And He said, "Take your son, now, your only son (Hebrew: את־יחידך) Yitsḥaq, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriyah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains which I command you."
……by "thy beloved son." But in this translation there is apparent a special use of the root יחד, of frequent occurrence in rabbinical literature, as a synonym of בחר ("choose," "elect"); the "only begotten" thus reverts to the attribute of the "servant" who is the "chosen" one……..
The Righteous one – The foundation of the world, Mashiach ben Yosef/David who received the soul of The Messenger of His Presence.
Isa 63:9 In all their distress He was distressed, and the Messenger of His Presence saved them. In His love and in His compassion He redeemed them, and He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old.
Isa_42:1 "See, My Servant whom I uphold, "My Chosen One" My being has delighted in! I have put My Spirit upon Him; He brings forth right-ruling to the nations.
"My Chosen One" – "בו "בחירי
root בחר ("choose," "elect")
"My Servant" All Israelites with the soul of Messiah our 'General Yechida'……..
The coming Redemption……..
Ramchal:
'Indeed, "all flaws" like evil, injustice and the like "will be undone once G-d's Yichud* is fully displayed, and everything will be rectified by virtue of the fact that His goodness alone will reign supreme" in the end.
But let's consider the ramifications of that. It means, among other things, that all such flaws are and have always been meant to be "temporary" and to be undone.'
Ariel:
'Yechida' from 'Yichud'
Please learn about our (Yisra'elite) unique General Yechida, a 'spark' of Messiahs Soul in each of us 'Messiah: General Yechida, Adam Katmon, Messenger of His Presence, Messiah Ben Yoseph/David…….'
You can learn how our 'Messiah: General Yechida, Adam Katmon, Messenger of His Presence, Messiah Ben Yoseph/David…….' can be 'fully displayed' in us by the study of 'Likutei Amarim' part 1 of the book 'Tanya' from the Alter Rebbe.
As the Alter Rebbe, author of the Tanya, pointed out in one of his other works:
"Any of the "seventy tongues" when used as an instrument to disseminate the Torah and Mitzvoth, is itself "elevated" thereby from its earthly domain into the sphere of holiness, while at the same time serving as a vehicle to draw the Torah and Mitzvoth, from above downward, to those who read and understand this language.'
We learn in Jewish Tradition that Adam is the 'crown' of HaShems Creation………
On the end it is really,
Deu 30:10 'if you obey the voice of HaShem your Elohim, to guard His commands and His laws which are written in this Book of the Torah, if you turn back to HaShem your Elohim with all your heart and with all your being': The coming Redemption………
There is a Chosen One…….
Deu 30:14 "For the Word is very near you, in your mouth and in your heart – to do it.
Isa_63:9 In all their distress He was distressed, and the Messenger (Malag – the Word – Torah) of His Presence saved them. In His love and in His compassion He redeemed them, and He lifted them up and carried them all the days of old.
Pro 10:25 When the whirlwind passeth, the wicked is no more; but the righteous is an everlasting foundation.
Isa 41:2 "Who raised up the righteous one (צדק) from the east……
Isa 24:16 From the ends of the earth we shall hear songs, "Splendor to the Righteous One (לצדיק)!"
Not to 'confirm' the 'human-god' believers. But to 'see' 'displayed' ' 'Messiah: General Yechida, Adam Katmon, Messenger of His Presence, Messiah Ben Yoseph/David…….' in a human-form………. the Malag……
Remember always two times a day: Deu 6:4 "Hear, O Yisra'ěl: HaShem our Elohim, HaShem is one!
One of the most beautiful and best teaching in Chasidut.
Free to read/study: The Book of Tanya Translated into English
A word from Gaddi – President of Beit Yisrael International
A Servant of Most Ancient Holy one of Israel and Disciple of The Messenger of His Presence Isa_63:9
So to it will be with the Mashiach after he merits to that neshoma and recognizes himself that he is Mashiach, as it states [in the Zohar] Mashiach will be revealed but he still won't be recognized by the rest of the people[…] (Zohar, 2:7b, quoting R' Chayim Vital) This describes how the initial "revelation" of Mashiach is when the neshoma of Mashiach is revealed to the individual who has been chosen by Hashem to be Mashiach. At the time that this individual receives the neshoma of Mashiach it is a private revelation, "but the rest of humanity will not recognize him"; only later will he be revealed to the people as Mashiach—what we refer to as the "coming of Mashiach". The reason for this "delay" is found in the Ohr Hachama on Shemos 9a, where it states that "Mashiach can't redeem Israel from below…only from Above…there needs to be an awakening from below in order to awaken the rachamim (compassion) from Above, even if the physical Mashiach wants to redeem [them]." This describes a situation where there already exists the "physical Mashiach" (i.e., the individual to whom has been bestowed the lofty neshoma of Mashiach) who himself knows that he is Mashiach, but the revelation to all of Israel has not yet occurred. We can see this in the language of the Yalkut Shimoni itself: the Midrash begins with "the year in which the King Mashiach is revealed", and the Midrash concludes with "the hour in which the King Mashiach comes". The year in which Mashiach is revealed refers to the initial revelation, when there is still a need to explain the events of the world to the Jewish people, "don't be afraid", etc. The hour when Mashiach comes refers to that transcendent moment when the Jews themselves are able to actually see and recognize the light of Mashiach. In other words, the revelation of Mashiach precedes and is distinct from the coming of Mashiach. (And it is self-understood that when there is such a situation—a situation where the man who himself is Mashiach is the only one to whom this has been revealed– then only this man is able to know and to inform others that "the year in which the King Mashiach is revealed" has been fulfilled, etc.)
From Ohr Hachama on Zohar Shemos 7b, quoting R' Chayim Vital
If you like to be united in real Teshuvah with all non, or lost Jewish Israelites: all the Lost sheep from the House of Israel. In a Independent Nation East of the Jordan River and in the South of Lebanon devoted to HaShem, please read click:
If you are in agreement with the above, special between HaShem and yourself, the do Teshuvah accepting the Divine Demand of Messiah Ben Yoseph and to come united with all the Lost Sheep from the House of Israel for together building Medinat Bet Yisra'el East of the Jordan River and in the South of Lebanon please and the Sinai join and fill out your membership registration for receiving your national Bet Yisra'el Identity cart click*:
*PS. If you are a organization, group or company please contact me? And let we talk about how to join click:
Ariel your Representative
Bet Yisra'el International
World Union of the Lost Tribes from Israel, Yehudah and Ephraim and their friends in the reconciliation with the Jews under the Divine Mandate of Messiah Ben Yoseph.
Gaddi – President
https://betyisrael.org/
email: efrayim.gaddi@betyisrael.org
Ariel van Kessel – Representative, vice president
Email: ariel.van.kassel@betyisrael.org
Int. Regd. no: 26538
Address: Rechov Ein-Karem 10b
9574410 Jerusalem, Israel
https://watchmenfromisraelinjerusalem.org/
I Love you Israel……..
For more information about uniting and the do Teshuvah together with Bet Yis'rael International click:
https://betyisrael.org/ and https://watchmenfromisraelinjerusalem.org/


text:
Last updated: 08:11 PM ET, Sat July 04 2015
Leopard Mauls Guide at Popular South Africa Safari Park
Impacting Travel	Michael Isenbek July 04, 2015
Photo courtesy of Thinkstock
A group of tourists got a scare, and a guide was mauled after a leopard attempted to leap into their vehicle as they drove through the popular Kruger National Park in South Africa, the Daily Mail reported.
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The attack occurred around 1 p.m. Thursday local time, and was acknowledged by the park on Twitter with the announcement,
"A field guide working for one of the Open Safari Vehicle companies operating in KNP was attacked by a leopard today during a game drive."
The field guide was Curtis Plumb, 38, of Nhongo Safari Tours, who according to the Daily Mail suffered deep cuts and bites to his arm, but went into the hospital in stable condition.
Tourist Grant Ford, and his 13-year-old son were witnesses, and the elder Ford also caught the attack on camera. The tourist told the Daily Mail that Plumb stopped the vehicle after spotting the leopard in the bush. "The ranger peered over the side of the vehicle to see where the animal was. It was alongside him," Ford said. "Without warning or provocation it launched itself into the safari truck and grabbed the ranger's arm. Fortunately he had a bush jacket on.
Gerty Greyling, a paramedic of Lifemed, told Lowvelder that "Plumb apparently started hitting the animal with his other fist," and added, "another occupant inside Plumb's vehicle threw a bag at the leopard."
"What followed was insane," Ford continued. "The occupants of the safari truck were screaming. Some of the people seated behind the ranger tried to help by beating the animal with their cameras."
But the animal would not budge. Witnesses told the Daily Mail that a Hyundai minivan proceeded to hit the leopard with their car door. The animal still maintained its grip.
Finally, Plumb went into reverse and shook himself free, but the leopard wasn't done.
Ford told the Daily Mail that the leopard hurled itself at the hood of the vehicle twice in an "apparent attempt to get at the occupants." Seeing the ranger with "no alternative than to take it out," Ford said Plumb drove over the animal's hind legs, as did the minivan.
Arno Pietersen, another witness who was a bit further away, observed "the driver of the safari truck looked like he was pointing out of his vehicle at a woman behind, telling her to stop leaning out.
"His arm outside the window must have triggered the leopard into action, I was surprised at what happened next."
But beyond the injuries sustained in the attack, the leopard was in bad shape.
Regarding this incident, a spokesman for South African National Parks told the Daily Mail, "This is a very rare occurrence. The animal was captured and was found to be in a very poor state.
"It is estimated to be 16 to 17 years old, its fangs were worn out which means it might not have had a meal in a long time. It had TB and was very emaciated.
"The attack on the OSV truck was perhaps a desperate attempt at getting a meal unfortunately a guide became a victim."
William Mambasa, general manager of Kruger National Park told the Daily Mail, "We would like to thank the tourist from another vehicle for his quick and decisive action as he saved the guide and tourists' lives.
"It is suspected that the leopard was fighting with another one as its hind was badly injured — the other leopard was spotted in the area watching from a distance."
The animal was later put down.
This attack comes a month after an American tourist was killed by a lion that leapt into an open car window at an open-air zoo in Johannesburg.
— Kruger National Park (@SANParksKNP) July 2, 2015
Follow @Michael_Isenbek
For more information on South Africa
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The Arduino Starter Kit Classroom Pack is a bundled solution, containing six of the popular Arduino Starter Kits.
This Classroom 6-Pack is for a classroom of at least twelve students — the recommended ratio is two students per kit — and intended for use starting from middle school teachers onwards, looking for an extensive educational solution for learning how to use the Arduino platform.
Each kit contains an Arduino Uno Rev 3 board, a collection of sensors and actuators, and — most important — a guide book which will help students and teachers to take their first steps into the world of electronics, with interactive and sensing objects.
A 30-day trial access to the Chromebook Education app is also included.
01. GET TO KNOW YOUR TOOLS: An introduction to the basics.
02. SPACESHIP INTERFACE: Design a control panel for a starship.
03. LOVE-O-METER: Measure how hot-blooded you are.
04. COLOR MIXING LAMP: Produce any color with a lamp that uses light as an input.
05. MOOD CUE: Let people know how you're doing.
06. LIGHT THEREMIN: Create a musical instrument you play by waving your hands.
07. KEYBOARD INSTRUMENT: Play music with this keyboard.
08. DIGITAL HOURGLASS: A light-up hourglass that can stop you from working too much.
09. MOTORIZED PINWHEEL: A colored wheel that will make your head spin.
10. ZOETROPE: Create a mechanical animation you can play--and in reverse.
11. CRYSTAL BALL: A mystical tour to answer all your tough questions.
12. KNOCK LOCK: Unlock a door with a secret knock.
13. TOUCHY-FEELY LAMP: A lamp that responds to your touch.
14. TWEAK THE ARDUINO LOGO: Control your personal computer from your Arduino.
15. HACKING BUTTONS: Create a master control for all of your devices!


Queensland offers a wide range of business advantages including a stable economy, supportive government, and a solid growth forecast. The state's low operating costs, highly skilled workforce and strategic Asia-Pacific location create an attractive investment destination.
In this guide you will find an up-to-date overview key industry sectors along with the benefits of moving your business to, or investing, in the Sunshine state.


'Stop that, now!' he said, imitating his father.
My four-year-old daughter is always trying to imitate her older sister.
He imitated her accent perfectly.
The bigger kids keep tormenting him.
She had phoned beforehand to let me know she was coming.
If you do most of the cooking beforehand, you'll enjoy the evening more.
Jamie Lee Curtis has apologized for making a 'snap judgement' about the group of Kentucky Catholic high school kids filmed mocking a Native American man at the Lincoln Memorial on Friday.
The actress tweeted on Sunday after watching extended footage of the moments before the students from Covington Catholic High School were filmed taunting Nathan Philips, 64.
It showed them being repeatedly called names and insulted by a different group of protesters and Philips approaching them on the steps of the memorial and not the other way around.
The president has since tweeted in defense of the school children – most of whom were wearing MAGA hats at the time – and there is sweeping support for them on social media.
Curtis has since deleted the tweet she originally made judging the teenagers and there is no trace of it online.
She nonetheless felt the need to walk it back on Sunday.
Reposting a screenshot of a statement made by Nick Sandmann, the student who stood opposite Philips while he beat his drum, she tweeted: 'There are two sides to every story.
There are possible risks, but nonetheless, we feel it's a sound investment.
He has since walked backhis opposition to the bill.
She later attempted to walk back her statement.
With massive video evidence, he walked back his claim that he was spat on.
'I made a snap judgment based on a photograph & I know better than to judge a book by its cover. I wasn't there. I shouldn't have commented.
Later, she posted again to urge President Trump to invite Sandmann and Philips to the Oval Office to meet up and put the angry discourse about their confrontation to bed.
She made reference to the meeting Barack Obama arranged for Henry Louis Gates, a black homeowner who was wrongfully arrested trying to get into his own home in 2009, and the white police officer who arrested him.
Some followers applauded Curtis for changing her opinion whereas others were disappointed by her swaying view.
Other celebrities, including Alyssa Milano, have are staying firm in their opinion of what happened.
She tweeted on Sunday that the MAGA hat was the 'new white hood' – a comparison between Trump supporters and the KKK which enraged thousands.
It seems increasingly unlikely that the two sides will find any common ground.
I hope we can finally put this issue to bed.
We thought we'd put the issue to bed, but it was brought up again at the next meeting.
Do not allow yourselves to be swayed by these arguments.
Her speech failed to sway her colleagues into supporting the plan.
Were you swayed by her arguments?
The trees were swaying in the wind.
Their bodies swayed to the music.
She walked along, swaying her hips.


There are new rules for contracts entered from 1 July 2017 for Foreign Resident Capital Gain Withholding (FRCGW) that apply to vendors for disposing certain taxable property.
The new legislation applies to the disposal of real property where the contract price is $750k or more. Previously the rules apply to real property disposals with contact price of $2million with FRCGW withholding tax rate of 10%. The new FRCGW withholding tax rate is now 12.5%.
If you are an Australian resident selling real property where the contract price is $750k or more, you will need to obtain a clearance certificate prior to settlement to avoid the 12.5% non-final withholding tax that is applicable to foreign residents. The purchaser is required by the Australian Taxation Office to withheld 12.5% of the sale price unless you provide the clearance certificate as proof that you are an Australian resident.
Contact our office today to find out more or if you require assistance in obtaining the clearance certificate!


text:
New York City's Carnegie Deli Is Back Thanks to The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel
Amazon Prime recreates the restaurant in full 1950s form
By Diana Pearl
Customers fill the tables at The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel Carnegie Deli pop-up.
Sol Neelman
At the end of 2016, Carnegie Deli—a New York City institution and one of the city's longest-running Jewish delicatessens—shuttered its doors. But thanks to The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, New Yorkers will get a chance to return to the iconic restaurant for the week.
In honor of the upcoming second season of Prime Original show set to premiere on Wednesday, Amazon teamed up with Tool of North America to recreate Carnegie Deli. The activation is set in 1958 New York, the same time period in which the show takes place.
"If you watch the show and you see how well 1958 New York is recreated, you feel like you step back in time," Michael Benson, head of marketing for Amazon Studios, said. "We felt like we could do that here in New York with an activation."
Amazon teamed up with agency Tool of North America to create the space. From the menus and wall signage to the staff uniforms, everything about the activation feels transported from another time. The 1950s atmosphere extends to every element of the experience—even the prices. Sandwiches cost just 99 cents, while the deli's famous black-and-white cookies cost only a quarter. The proceeds, matched by Amazon, will go to The Lower Eastside Girls Club (LESGC), a charity that provides programs in science, leadership, entrepreneurship, wellness and the arts to middle and high school girls.
The counter at the recreated Carnegie Deli.
Tool of North America worked with the show's team and the family that owned the now-shuttered Carnegie Deli to make sure everything felt true—not only to The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, but also to life.
"When Amazon creates a show that wins eight Emmys, the amount of detail paid to everything in the show is enormous," Adam Baskin, Tool of North America's head of innovation, said. "We worked really closely with the show creators to ensure that every detail, the design, the aesthetic of the experience married up with the detail that's in the show."
The Tool team also made sure to include the key elements for which the original Carnegie was so known, from its walls lined with signed celebrity photos to its sandwiches dubbed after stars. In fact, the pop-up has one sandwich named for the show's title character: Midge Maisel, played by Rachel Brosnahan.
The wall of framed photos at the pop-up.
This activation isn't the first of its kind for Amazon. At Comic Con in San Diego earlier this year, the company hosted a VR-fueled experience to drum up buzz for thriller Jack Ryan. That said, Benson highlighted that these sorts of experiences aren't a must-do for every show. "If we feel we can create something that's truly organic to the show, we'll do it," he said.
Benson said they want to try and make the most of the ones that do work—and not just in New York. "If you watch the show and you see how well 1958 New York is recreated, you feel like you step back in time, so we felt like we could do that here in New York with an activation," he said. "We can take a slice not just of the show, but of New York, to London or Minneapolis, all kinds of different places."
The pop-up experience is few blocks south of Carnegie's original Midtown location in New York's Nolita neighborhood, at the corner of Kenmare and Lafayette streets. It first opened on Dec. 1 and will run through Dec. 8, with the show's second season dropping smack in the middle of its run on Dec. 5.
https://adweek.it/2FZbnX8
Diana Pearl
@dianapearl_
Diana is a staff writer for Adweek.


text:
Первомайский — посёлок в Третьяковском районе Алтайского края. Входит в состав Третьяковского сельсовета.

География
Расположен в 2,5 км к североо-востоку от станции Третьяково.

Население

 Национальный состав
Согласно результатам переписи 2002 года, в национальной структуре населения русские составляли 87 %.

Примечания

Населённые пункты Третьяковского района

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Pandas de-duplication and return list of indexes that were duplicates I have a pandas dataframe with 500k rows. Structured like this, where the document column are strings:
   document_id                                           document
0            0                               Here is our forecast
1            1  Traveling to have a business meeting takes the...
2            2                      test successful. way to go!!!
3            3  Randy, Can you send me a schedule of the salar...
4            4                  Let's shoot for Tuesday at 11:45.

When I de-dupe the dataframe based on the contents of the document column using df.drop_duplicates(subset='document'), I end up with half the number of documents.
Now that I have my original dataframe and a second dataframe with the unique set of document values, I would like to compare the two to get a list of document_id's that are duplicates.
For example, if the associated document for document_id 4, 93, and 275 are all 'Let's shoot for Tuesday at 11:45.', then how do I get a dataframe with document in one column, and list of associated duplicate document_id's in another column?
     document_ids                                           document
        ...
4    [4, 93, 275]                  Let's shoot for Tuesday at 11:45.

I know that I could use a for loop, and compare each document every other document in the dataframe, and save all matches, but I am trying to avoid iterating over 500k lines multiple times. What instead is the most pythonic way of going about this?

A:
I would like to compare the two to get a list of document_id's that are duplicates.

You should be able to do this using your "initial" DataFrame with .duplicated(keep=False).  Here's an example:
In [1]: import pandas as pd

In [2]: df = pd.DataFrame({
   ...:     'document_id': range(10),
   ...:     'document': list('abcabcdedb') # msg 'e' is not duplicated
   ...: })

In [3]: dupes = df.document.duplicated(keep=False)
In [4]: df.loc[dupes].groupby('document')['document_id'].apply(list).reset_index()
Out[4]:
  document document_id
0        a      [0, 3]
1        b   [1, 4, 9]
2        c      [2, 5]
3        d      [6, 8]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


NAIROBI — Kenyan tax authorities, accompanied by the police, raided the Nairobi office of pro-democracy organization Africa Centre for Open Governance on Wednesday morning, just two days after also threatening to deregister the Kenya Human Rights Commission. The government's NGOs Coordination Board alleges that the organizations committed administrative offenses, including failing to abide by tax obligations.
Both organizations targeted had been involved in monitoring Kenya's Aug. 8 general election, which saw incumbent President Uhuru Kenyatta top opposition candidate Raila Odinga. The latter has called the results fraudulent and said on Wednesday he will take his challenge to the Supreme Court.
On Monday, the NGO Coordination Board said it was deregistering the KHRC, accusing it of using illegal bank accounts and neglecting to pay its taxes, among other allegations. The following day, it sent a letter to Kenya's Director of Criminal Investigations, asking him to close AfriCOG and arrest its directors and members.
Not everyone in the government appeared to be onboard with the NGOs Coordination Board actions toward the NGOs, either. Following the raid on Wednesday, the acting Interior Minister Fred Matiangi'i sent a letter to the head of the NGOs Coordination Board suspending any action on the organizations for 90 days so that the organizations and stakeholders can engage with the NGOs Coordination Board to work out noncompliance issues.
Haron Ndubi, a lawyer for AfriCOG, told Devex that he believes Kenyatta holds a "grudge" against civil society for their continued scrutiny of his administration, including challenging the election results in 2013 and their perceived role in providing information to the International Criminal Court. Kenyatta won the 2013 elections even though he was indicted by the ICC in connection with violence after the 2007 election. The charges were later dropped.
"There is also a possibility that this is intended to distract the country from the serious questions that are being asked around the credibility of the just completed election," said Ndubi.
AfriCOG had questioned the nation's preparedness in the lead up to the vote and KHRC had been critical of the torture and murder of a key election official in the week leading up to the election.
This is not the first time that the KHRC collided with the NGOs Coordination Board. In 2015, NGOs Coordination Board said it carried out an audit of over 10,000 NGOs and found 957 noncompliant, asking that the Central Bank of Kenya and the Kenya Bankers Association to freeze the bank accounts. KHRC went to court and got the orders dismissed. The organization was similarly challenged by the board in early 2017.
The organizations are taking steps to take this issue to the Supreme Court to get an order to stop the "arbitrary violations" against NGOs, said Ndubi.


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A stay at Arrow on Swanston places you in the heart of Carlton, within a 10-minute walk of Queen Victoria Market and University of Melbourne. This aparthotel is 0.4 mi (0.7 km) from Melbourne Central and 0.6 mi (1 km) from Bourke Street Mall.
Make yourself at home in one of the 135 air-conditioned rooms featuring kitchenettes with stovetops and microwaves. 32-inch LCD televisions are provided, with digital programming available. Conveniences include desks and coffee/tea makers, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Don't miss out on recreational opportunities including an outdoor pool and a fitness center. Additional features at this aparthotel include wireless Internet access (surcharge), concierge services, and a hair salon.
Grab lunch at Cafe Crema, a restaurant that specializes in local cuisine. You can also grab snacks at the coffee shop/café.
Featured amenities include dry cleaning/laundry services, a 24-hour front desk, and multilingual staff. Event facilities at this aparthotel consist of a conference center and a meeting room. Self parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.


, most notable are Ye Olde Black Boy and Ye Olde White Harte (infamous for its role in the English Civil War and the human skull it displays).
is a good bet for a memorable first taste of Hull, while sister restaurant, 1884 Wine and Tapas, is an exciting new addition.
. The latter is worth visiting for both its views and its proximity to The Deep, the Old Town and the popular high-tech Scale Lane Bridge.
While the headlines have been grabbed by the 75-metre wind turbine blade sculpture in Queen Victoria Square, the revamp of the Ferens Art Gallery is perhaps of more lasting value. Its £5m upgrade means it's now able to host major touring exhibitions, housing loaned artwork such as Francis Bacon's 'Screaming Popes' (pictured). This year, it'll also be home to the Turner Prize.
in 2002 was Hull's Guggenheim moment. home to around 3,500 fish, the striking aquarium is among the world's best.


text:
CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Chapter.
Published byWarren Gibbs Modified over 4 years ago
Presentation on theme: "CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Chapter."— Presentation transcript:
1 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Chapter 8 The Courtroom Work Group and the Criminal Trial
2 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Learning Objectives Discuss the courtroom work group and its professional members Discuss indigent defense Identify and explain the roles of nonprofessional courtroom participants Explain how professional participants work together
3 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Learning Objectives Explain the roles of expert and lay witnesses in a criminal trial Describe the stages in a criminal trial Explain the hearsay rule Explain the possible benefits of a professional jury system
4 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Courtroom Work Group Courtroom work group refers to: It involves a recognition of informal rules of civility, cooperation, and shared goals. –Web Extra 8-2Web Extra 8-2 Scott Peterson case –Web Extra 8-1Web Extra 8-1 –Library Extra 8-1Library Extra 8-1 Hear author discuss the chapter.Hear author discuss the chapter The professional courtroom actors, including judges, prosecuting attorneys, defense attorneys, public defenders, and others who earn a living serving the court.
5 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Judge The judge is: The role of the judge is: –To rule on matters of law. –To decide guilt or innocence in bench trials. –To manage the court. An elected or appointed public official who presides over a court of law and who is authorized to hear and sometimes to decide cases and to conduct trials.
6 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Judicial Selection Judges at the federal level are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Judges at the state level are selected by: –Election. –Appointment. –Missouri plan.
7 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Judicial Qualifications General jurisdiction and appellate court judges: –Hold a law degree. –Are licensed attorneys. –Are members of their state bar association. Limited jurisdiction judges: –May be elected. –May not have any legal training. Web Extra 8-3
8 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Prosecuting Attorney The prosecutor is: The role of the prosecutor is: –To represent the people. –To act as quasi-legal advisor of local police. –To demonstrate guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. An attorney whose official duty is to conduct criminal proceedings on behalf of the state or the people against those accused of having committed criminal offenses.
9 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Prosecutorial Discretion Prosecutorial discretion refers to: The most important form of prosecutorial discretion lies in the power to charge a person with an offense. The decision-making power of prosecutors, based on the wide range of choices available to them, in the handling of criminal defendants, the scheduling of cases for trial, the acceptance of negotiated pleas, and so on.
10 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Abuse of Discretion The high level of discretion allows for the potential for abuse. –Personal considerations –Overzealous prosecution –Administrative decisions –To harass defendants into pleading guilty –Discriminate against minorities
11 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Prosecutor's Professional Responsibility American Bar Association (ABA) Code of Professional Responsibility –"The duty of the prosecutor is to seek justice, not merely to convict." Web Extra 8-4
12 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Defense Counsel The defense counsel is: The role of the defense counsel is: –To represent the accused. –To ensure that the defendant's rights are not violated. –To file appeals. A licensed trial lawyer, hired or appointed to conduct the legal defense of a person accused of a crime and to represent him or her before a court of law.
13 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Criminal Lawyer Three major categories of defense attorneys assist criminal defendants. –Private attorneys, usually referred to as criminal lawyers or retained counsel –Court-appointed counsel –Public defenders Web Extras 8-5 and 8-6Web Extras 8-5 8-6
14 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Criminal Defense of the Poor The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to an attorney. –Powell v. Alabama (1932) State right to an attorney in capital cases –Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) State right to an attorney in all felony cases –Argersinger v. Hamlin (1972) Right to an attorney when faced with potential imprisonment –In re Gault (1967) Right to an attorney given to juveniles
15 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Criminal Defense of the Poor Three systems for indigent defense: –Court-appointed counsel –Public defenders –Contract counsel Web Extra 8-7 Library Extras 8-2, 8-3, and 8-4Library Extras 8-28-38-4
16 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Ethics of Defense Temptation at unethical behavior: –The nature of the adversarial process –The emotions of the participants –The privileged and extensive knowledge about their cases
17 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Ethics of Defense Four main groups of standards –Canons of Professional Ethics –Model Code of Professional Responsibility –Model Rules of Professional Conduct –Standards for Criminal Justice Web Extra 8-8
18 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 American Bar Association Code of Professional Responsibility In representing a client, a lawyer shall not: –Knowingly harass or injury another in the client's defense. –Knowingly make a defense that is unwarranted under the law. –Conceal or fail to disclose that which is required by law to be revealed. –Knowingly use perjured testimony or false evidence. –Knowingly make a false statement of law or fact. –Counsel or assist with illegal or fraudulent conduct.
19 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Bailiff The bailiff is: The role of the bailiff is: –To act as court officer. –To ensure order. –To call witnesses. –To prevent the escape of the accused. –To supervise a sequestered jury. The court officer whose duties are to keep order in the courtroom and to maintain physical custody of the jury.
20 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Local Court Administrators Court administrators provide uniform court management, assuming many of the duties previously performed by chief judges. –Record keeping –Scheduling and case-flow analysis –Personnel administration –Space utilization and facilities planning –Budget management
21 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Court Reporter The role of the court reporter (court stenographer or court recorder) is to create a record of all that occurs during a trial Web Extra 8-9
22 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Clerk of the Court The clerk maintains all records of criminal cases. –All pleas and motions made –Prepares a jury pool –Issues jury summonses –Subpoenas and swear in witnesses –Marks physical evidence for identification
23 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Expert Witness The expert witness is: Unlike lay witnesses, expert witnesses may express opinions or draw conclusions in their testimony. A person who has special knowledge and skills recognized by the court as relevant to the determination of guilt or innocence.
24 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Outsiders: Nonprofessional Courtroom Participants The lay witness is: Lay witnesses must testify to the facts only and must not draw conclusions or express opinions. A subpoena is: An eyewitness, character witness, or other person called on to testify who is not considered an expert. A written order issued by a judicial officer or grand jury requiring an individual to appear in court and give testimony.
25 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Jurors A juror is: Jurors are expected to render verdicts of "guilty" or "not guilty" as to the charges. "Hung jury" is the inability to give a verdict. Web Extra 8-10 A member of a trial or grand jury who has been selected for jury duty and is required to serve as an arbiter of the facts in a court.
26 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Victim Victims are like witnesses. They experience many hardships. –Uncertainties as to their role –Lack of knowledge regarding the legal system –Trial delays that result in frequent travel, missed work, and wasted time –Fear of retaliation –Trauma of testifying and of cross-examination
27 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Defendant Defendants must be present at their trials. They must be present at every stage. –If initially present, the defendant may be voluntarily absent. The majority of criminal defendants are poor, uneducated, and alienated.
28 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Defendant Defendants exercise choice in: –Counsel. –Defense strategy. –Information to divulge. –Whether to testify. –Whether to file an appeal.
29 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Press The Sixth Amendment requires a public trial. Press reports often create problems, making it hard to find jurors without opinions. Change of venue refers to: The movement of a trial or lawsuit from one jurisdiction to another to ensure a fair trial.
30 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Criminal Trial Procedures in a modern courtroom are highly formalized. Rules of evidence refer to: Based partially on tradition. Circumscribed by informal rules and professional expectations. Court rules that govern the admissibility of evidence at criminal hearings and trials.
31 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Nature and Purpose of the Criminal Trial Adversarial system refers to: In theory, justice is done when the most effective adversary is able to convince the judge or jury that his or her perspective on the case is the correct one. Library Extra 8-5 The two-sided structure under which American criminal trial courts operate that pits the prosecution against the defense.
32 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Stages in a Criminal Trial
33 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Trial Initiation: The Speedy Trial Act Klopfer v. North Carolina (1967) –The court asserted that the state right to a speedy trial was a U.S. Constitutional guarantee. Speedy Trial Act refers to: A 1974 federal law requiring that proceedings against a defendant in a criminal case begin within a specified period of time, such as 70 working days after indictment.
34 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Jury Selection The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to an impartial jury. Jury selection refers to: Three types of challenges: –Challenges to the array –Challenges for cause –Peremptory challenges The process whereby, according to law and precedent, members of a particular trial jury are chosen.
35 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Jury Selection Voir dire examination is the questioning of potential jurors in order to select unbiased individuals. Peremptory challenge refers to: Scientific jury selection Library Extra 8-6 The right to challenge a potential juror without disclosing the reason for the challenge.
36 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Jury Selection and Race Peremptory challenges continue to tend toward racial imbalance. Batson v. Kentucky (1986) –The use of peremptory challenges for discriminatory purposes constitutes a violation of the defendant's right to an impartial trial.
37 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Opening Statements Opening statement refers to: Evidence is not offered. Defense may choose to focus on the prosecutor's burden of proof requirement. The initial statement of the prosecution or the defense, made in a court of law to a judge or to a judge and jury, describing the facts that he or she intends to present during trial to prove the case.
38 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Presentation of Evidence Evidence refers to: Types of evidence: –Direct evidence –Circumstantial evidence –Real evidence Anything useful to a judge or jury in deciding the facts of a case.
39 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Testimony of Witnesses Testimony refers to: Perjury refers to: Oral evidence offered by a sworn witness on the witness stand during a criminal trial. The intentional making of a false statement as part of the testimony by a sworn witness in a judicial proceeding on a matter relevant to the case at hand.
40 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Hearsay Rule Hearsay refers to: The hearsay rule is a long-standing precedent in which hearsay cannot be used in American courtrooms. Exception to the hearsay rule may occur when the person with direct knowledge is dead or is otherwise unable to testify. Something that is not based on the personal knowledge of a witness.
41 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Closing Arguments Closing argument refers to: The summation provides a review and analysis of the evidence. It works to persuade the jury to draw a conclusion favorable to the presenter. An oral summation of a case presented to a judge, or to a judge and jury, by the prosecution or by the defense in a criminal trial.
42 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 The Judge's Charge to the Jury The judge charges the jury to retire and reach a verdict. The judge will: –Stress jury objectivity. –Remind jurors of the statutory elements of the charge. –Explain the burden of proof. –Explain "guilty beyond a reasonable doubt."
43 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Jury Deliberation and the Verdict The verdict is: The Allen Charge urges the jury to vigorous deliberations and suggests to obstinate jurors that their objections may be ill founded if they make no impression on the other jurors. The decision of the jury in a jury trial or of a judicial officer in a nonjury trial.
44 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Problems with the Jury System Jurors cannot be expected to understand modern legal complexities. Jurors often cannot understand jury instructions. Jurors often cannot separate emotions from fact. Some juries are dominated by one or two members with forceful personalities. Web Extra 8-11
45 CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Problems with the Jury System Suggestions for improving jury system: –Replace jury with a panel of judges –Replace jury with professional jurors Dependability Knowledge Equity Library Extra 8-7
Download ppt "CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 6/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Chapter."
Courts and the Quest for Justice. In Theory: Courtroom Ideals  Courts have extensive powers in our criminal justice system.  The courts legitimacy is.
Chapter Fourteen: Trials and Juries
+ Courtroom Participants. + 2 Fundamental Principles An accused person is innocent until proven guilty. Guilt must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
Participants in a Criminal Trial. Principles Canada's criminal justice system has two fundamental principles: an accused person is innocent until proven.
6th Amendment of the United States Constitution
2:05 sec Today you will be learning about how to conduct and participate in a mock trial. You will become familiar with some basic courtroom procedures.
Vocabulary Indictment- Determines if there is enough evidence for a defendant to go to trial Arraignment- Defendant is officially informed of charges and.
Criminal Justice Process: The Trial
Criminal Justice Proces
The Courtroom Work Group
© Prentice Hall 2008 Pearson Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, NJ Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, 7E by Frank Schmalleger 1 The Courtroom.
90 Trial Procedures (review) Role of the Jury. 90 The Adversarial System Trial procedures in Canada are based on the adversarial system: two or more opposing.
Introduction to the Grand Jury ACG 6935/4939. What in the world is a Grand Jury.
Objective 1.02 Understand Court Systems and Trial Procedures
CJ227 Criminal Procedure Welcome to our Seminar!!! (We will begin shortly) Tonight – Unit 4 (Chapter 9 – Pretrial Motions, Hearings and Pleas) (Chapter.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE A Brief Introduction, 5/E by Frank Schmalleger ©2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ The Courtroom.
Chapter 10 The Criminal Trial
Law and the Courts The Administration of Justice The Courts.
1 Defense Attorneys Chapter Seven. 2 Sixth Amendment In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by.
Trial Procedures & Courtroom Personnel


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Holy See Closed 2011 With 14.9M Deficit
Personnel, Media Are Highest Costs
July 05, 2012 00:00ZENIT StaffVatican Dicasteries/Diplomacy
VATICAN CITY, JULY 5, 2012 (Zenit.org).- The Vatican reported today that it closed 2011 with a deficit of €14,890,034.
The Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organisational and Economic Problems of the Holy See met in the Vatican on Tuesday and Wednesday, under the presidency of Benedict XVI's secretary of state, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone.
Cardinal Giuseppe Versaldi, president of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See, presented the consolidated financial statements of the Holy See for 2011, then those of the Governorate of Vatican City State.
The consolidated financial statements of the Holy See for 2011 closed with a deficit of EUR 14,890,034. The most significant items of expenditure were those relative to personnel (who as of 31 December 2011 numbered 2,832) and to the communications media considered as a whole. The result was affected by the negative trend of global financial markets, which made it impossible to achieve the goals laid down in the budget.
Governorate surplus
The administration of the Governorate is autonomous, and independent of contributions from the Holy See. Through its various offices, it supervises requirements related to the administration of the State. The consolidated financial statements for 2011 closed with a surplus of EUR 21,843,851. As of 31 December 2011, the Governorate employed a staff of 1,887. A particularly significant contribution to the result came from the Vatican Museums, which produced a revenue that passed from EUR 82,400,000 in 2010 to EUR 91,300.000, for a total of more than five million visitors. According to specialised rankings, these figures place the Vatican Museums among the most prestigious and important of such institutions in the world.
Peter's Pence – i.e., donations made by the faithful to support the Holy Father's charity – rose from USD 67,704,416.41 in 2010 to USD 69,711,722.76. Contributions made pursuant to canon 1271 of the Code of Canon Law – i.e., the economic support offered by ecclesiastical circumscriptions throughout the world to maintain the service the Roman Curia offers the universal Church – rose from USD 27,362,258.40 in 2010 to USD 32,128,675.91. Further contributions to the Holy See made by institutes of consecrated life, societies of apostolic life and foundations rose from USD 747,596.09 in 2010 to USD 1,194,217.78. Thus the overall increase with respect to 2010 was of 7.54 per cent.
As it does every year, the Institute for Works of Religion (IOR) offered the Holy Father a significant sum to support his apostolic and charitable ministry. The amount involved for the financial year 2011 was EUR 49,000,000.
During the meeting, according to a communique made public today, "the cardinals present made numerous comments in which they made clear their appreciation at the completeness and transparency of the information they had been given. Recognition was expressed for the commitment to the ongoing improvement of the administration of the goods and resources of the Holy See, and a call was made for prudence and limiting costs, though while maintaining jobs. Unanimous pleasure was declared at the generous support of the faithful and of ecclesiastical institutions, even more praiseworthy given the persistent economic crisis. The members of the Council also expressed their profound gratitude at the support the faithful give, often anonymously, to the universal ministry of the Holy Father, and exhorted them to continue this good work.
"Finally, under the terms of article 25 (2) of the Apostolic Constitution 'Pastor bonus', Paolo Cipriani, director of the IOR, outlined the economic position of the institution he directs. This was followed by a debate during which the members of the Council were provided with the necessary clarifications".
July 05, 2012 00:00Vatican Dicasteries/Diplomacy
Renewing The Priesthood Through Community and Liturgy
Honduras: Leaving for the 'Promised Land'


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Admission to LKG
Children joining LKG must be 3+ by December 31st of the previous year. Admission is on a first come basis. As the numbers available are small, many parents choose to register their children at birth. Admissions are done from January till March.
Parents and children are called to meet the Admissions Committee from January . Priority from the waitlist are given to those children who already have siblings in the school, Christians and children of old students. Only children who have been registered, in advance, for the relevant year, will be considered for admission , if any vacancies are available.
Admission to other classes
Admissions to other Classes depend on vacancies. The child must be of the right age group for the Class and will be asked to undergo an assessment test. Admissions are done from January till March. There will be no admissions from April to December.
Admissions to Class X and Class XII are done only on transfer basis from other ICSE schools, subject to the approval of the Council.
Admissions to Class XI
Application forms for admission to Class XI are available from April 1st to 30th. Admissions are made after the Class X results are announced at the end of May and Classes commence in the first week of June.
Children from other Examination Boards seeking admission in the Class XI should check the School and Council regulations governing their eligibility as these may vary from year to year.
Children seeking admissions to Class XI, from abroad and having appeared for a foreign Examination Board, are advised to contact the school at least 6 months in advance as eligibility requirements differ from country to country and special permission from the Council may be required.


WTW Chapters are groups of like-minded people all across the country who are passionate about serving in community. Each WTW Chapter is actively involved in international volunteering, campaign events and fundraising. Join a local WTW Chapter near you to connect in a significant way and take the next step in volunteer service.
Can't find a WTW Chapter in your area? That's good news because it means you are about to start one! Lace up your shoes, fill the canteen and get ready for an incredible journey. You are about to join a community on the front lines of the Global Water Crisis. You'll be in good company.


text:
Squash Mad Caption Contest
By Alan Thatcher
Kasey Brown and Jenny Duncalf are pictured in action at the US Open as the Aussie advances to the quarter-finals. What do you think they're saying? Prize for the best answer!
US OPEN: Low on a high…now it's Massaro in semi
FEATURE: 20 of the best squash players on Wall Street
Nick Matthew exclusive: 'Coaches who try to influence referees should be banned'
'It's Hand Out from me,' says Squash Mad founder Alan Thatcher
Squash lovers Alex Preston and Michael Pearce aim to play non-stop for 40 hours in world record charity bid
Paul Selby October 15, 2013 At 7:12 pm
Do you think this video review will get on Rotten Tomatoes.
Alan Thatcher October 15, 2013 At 11:05 pm
Email from Anon:
Jenny: It's a bit cold on this glass court!
Robert Heinmann October 16, 2013 At 7:14 am
Whaaaaattt! Is that the last episode of Breaking Bad they're showing on the replay screen?
James Mason October 16, 2013 At 3:46 pm
Oh my god…a spider!!


Staff Code of Conduct Policy - Styles Street Children's Community Long Daycare Centre Inc.
This policy relates to conduct within the care and education services.
Ethical conduct guides the behaviour and decisions within the care and education setting and is founded in respect for, and the valuing of children, families, educators and staff, and the extended service community.
The centre community will uphold the highest standards in ethical conduct in accordance with the ECA Code of Ethics (2010) The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) and service philosophy and policy.
Educators and staff will be familiar with the legislation and statutory documents that apply to their role with children, families and other staff in the centre.
Educators and staff will be familiar with the ECA Code of Ethics and service philosophy. This will guide conduct and decision making within the centre.
Ethical conduct and decision making will occur with reference to legislation and statutory documents and through a process of critical reflection. Decision making processes will be clear and the Nominated Supervisor will be accountable for decisions and able to demonstrate how those decisions are made.
The Committee of Management and Nominated Supervisor of the service ensure all Educators and staff are made aware of their obligations through personal discussions, staff meeting activities and opportunities to critically reflect upon ethical practice.
The service community will work together in the best interests of the children and families and will act in a manner that will enhance the standing of the early childhood sector. This involves a full understanding of role responsibilities and obligations combined with collegial practice and collaborative decision making.
Educators, staff, students and volunteers in the service will conduct themselves in an ethical manner through clear processes in accordance with legislative and statutory guidelines.
National Quality Standard for Early Childhood Education and Care 2011 – 4.2.1.


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Forex & Currencies Trading
Forex Trading Strategy & Education
Advanced Forex Trading Concepts
Forex & Currencies Trading Forex Trading Strategy & Education
IDR (Indonesian Rupiah)
Reviewed by James Chen
What Is the IDR (Indonesian Rupiah)?
The Indonesian Rupiah (IDR), is the national currency for the Republic of Indonesia. The name of the currency comes from the Indian Rupee, and the central bank, the Bank of Indonesia handles its circulation. One IDR subdivides into 100 sen. In everyday conversation, the money has the name Perak, meaning silver.
The rupiah derives its name from its sister currency the Indian rupee and is often referred to as the "perak," which is Indonesian for silver.
Understanding the Indonesian Rupiah
The Indonesian rupiah was first seen in October, 1946. It was substantially revised in 1950, when it received international recognition and replaced all former Dutch, Javanese and Japanese currencies being used in Indonesia. At one point, the Indonesian half of New Guinea and the Riau Islands circulated versions of the Rupiah, but by 1971, all areas use the Indonesian currency. Currently, the nation uses coins denominated between 100 and 1000 rupiahs. Inflation makes any smaller denomination of coins or banknotes worthless.
Situated in Southeast Asia and Oceania, the Republic of Indonesia is the largest island nation in the world and the fourth largest in population. The nation is rich in natural resources including oil, natural gas, gold, and many agricultural products. Since 1512, the region has been a hub for international trade. Portugal, British, and the Netherlands all had colonial interest in the island chain.
During World War Two, Japan occupied the island chain and ended Dutch rule. With the fall of Japan following the war, Indonesia sought independence in 1945. The first Indonesian rupiah appeared in October of 1946. The currency traded on the black market while the Netherlands attempted to re-establish control over its former colony. In 1950, the Netherlands recognized Indonesian sovereignty and the Indonesian rupiah became formally recognized by the international community as the country's legal tender. The Indonesian rupiah replaced all former Dutch, Javanese and Japanese currencies circulating in the region. At its introduction, the currency traded at a rate of 3.8 rupiahs to 1 U.S. dollar (USD).
As of mid-2019, 1 USD = approximately 14,500 IDR.
The Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) is the national currency for the Republic of Indonesia, with its monetary policy set by the Bank of Indonesia.
The name of the currency, Rupiah, comes from its sister currency, the Indian Rupee.
The currency has floated freely on the market since 1997, and has been the subject of multiple revaluations due to rapid inflation throughout its history.
Setting the Exchange Rate for the Indonesian Rupiah
A government-established foreign exchange system faltered and failed. A devaluation to 11.4 rupiahs to 1 U.S. dollar alongside export tariffs on certain commodities further damaged the economy. The government continued to issue restrictions on the foreign exchange through 1954 in an attempt to maintain its preferred level of reserves. Another devaluation in 1959 triggered a period of exceptionally high inflation, reaching 635% in 1965. In response, the government devalued the currency by issuing a new rupiah at one new rupiah to 1,000 old rupiah rate. Multiple exchange rates coexisted at the time, so the government official reset of the exchange rate to 0.25 Indonesian rupiah to 1 U.S. dollar was effectively meaningless.
The rise of the authoritarian-leaning Suharto regime in the 1950s, stabilized the economy, bringing inflation back down to the low-single digits by the early 1970s. In August 1971, the government pegged the currency at 415 Indonesian rupiahs to 1 U.S. dollar. Continued issues with inflation pushed the government to abandon the peg in 1978. Between that time and 1986, the government used a dirty float policy, publishing a daily exchange rate. Economic pressure from overvaluation and an oil surplus in the 1980s caused further devaluations.
Increased pressure from an Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s caused the Indonesia central bank to allow the currency to float freely in 1997, triggering a rapid fall in its value. While it showed some signs of stability heading into the early 2000s, the global financial crisis of 2008 renewed pressure on the country's economy, leading to a slow but steady decline since that time. Following the 2008 financial crisis, the Indonesian rupiah has generally traded between 9,500 and 14,000 rupiahs per U.S. dollar. The rupiah has been the subject of multiple revaluations due to rapid inflation. The first came in the mid-1950s when prices rose by close to 300%, which led to multiple disagreements between policy makers. Eventually in 1959 the currency was devalued by 75%. A few years later prices surged again and the central bank again devalued the rupiah. In the space of 5 years the largest banknote went from 100 rupiah to 10,000 rupiah.
Both government and private sector spending help Indonesia maintain its status as the largest economy in Southeast Asia. According to 2017 World Bank data, Indonesia experiences a 5.1% annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth each year, with an inflation deflator of 4.2-percent.
Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) Definition
The Indonesian rupiah (IDR) is the currency of Indonesia, and IDR is the unique currency code assigned to it in the global foreign exchange market.
MUR (Mauritius Rupee)
The Mauritius Rupee (MUR) is the national currency of the Republic of Mauritius.
The Mauritius Rupee (MUR) is the national currency of Mauritius is issued by the central bank, the Bank of Mauritius.
EGP (Egyptian Pound) Definition
EGP (Egyptian Pound) is the official currency of the Arab Republic of Egypt which replaced the Egyptian piastre in 1834.
The Indian Rupee: How the INR Is Managed and Circulated
The Indian rupee is the currency of India; its currency code is INR. Discover the types of coins, notes, and how the central bank manages the rupee.
TTD (Trinidad and Tobago Dollar)
Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD) is the national currency for the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.
Floating Rate vs. Fixed Rate: What's the Difference?
How the Bretton Woods System Changed the World
5 Tales Of Out-Of-Control Inflation
What causes a currency crisis?
The Hazards Of Currency Movements
Top Ten Reasons Not to Invest In The Iraqi Dinar