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What is the ecological thinking that is needed at a time like this?
Here is my proposed short abstract for the "European Forum for the Study of Religion and the Environment" (EFSRE), due to take place in Manchester next year. It promises to be a great event. Any thoughts, comments or references would be much appreciated. Thanks.
In a number of works, Frédérique Neyrat has offered a critique of the "saturated immanence" of much recent ecological thinking. Neyrat agrees that the concept of "nature" needs to be freed from the reductive binaries in which it has been locked by modernity, in such a way that the material realm can be appreciated as animated and enchanted. But he does not agree with the way this has so far been attempted. One of his primary targets in this regard is Bruno Latour. For Neyrat, the way in which Latour attempts to deconstruct the "human/ nature" dichotomy causes a relation of hierarchy to be re-inscribed. We are left with a paltry form of "eco-constructivism", where solutions to the contemporary environmental crisis can only be conceived in terms of technology, pragmatism and resilience.
In this paper, however, I will seek to turn the tables on Neyrat. Contrary to his critique, I will propose that Latour offers important resources for the ecological discourse that is needed at this time. In particular, I will argue for a reading of Latour's work in terms of a "political theology", where prescriptions for human activity are framed by ideas of humility and care for a material realm that is "gifted" and that therefore always escapes the ability of human beings to master and dominate it. In this way, I will propose that Latour's work invites theology to make a contribution to ecological discourse, thereby answering some of the challenges that Neyrat has identified.
Posted on September 27, 2019 by Tim HowlesPosted in Bruno Latour2 Comments
This continues a series of posts on Latour's understanding of space and time, in particular his diagnosis of an essentially religious aetiology to the conceptualisation of space-time found within modernity. I have got to the point where I am examining particular "motifs" of modernity with a view to seeing how they display this religious aetiology. In the last post I looked at the putative "progressive" identity of modernity; what lies beneath the fetishization of the idea of "progress" that is all around us in contemporary political, cultural and identity discourse.
The second motif I wish to address, which once again Latour takes to be integral to the self-perception of contemporary western society, is that of "secularism" and "the secular". The definition and scope of these terms, and their relation to what might be called "the post-secular", are highly contested, and it is not my intention to engage with recent scholarship on them in detail.
As a point-of-entry, however, I will borrow a definition provided by Graham Ward. For Ward, the distinctive feature of secularism is that it proposes itself as being neutral with regard to human ideology and belief systems. It can do this on account of its claim to be emancipated from any kind of religious particularism or confessionalism. As a consequence, secularism proposes itself as a structure within which all human ideologies are able to flourish equally. Thus, Ward offers the following definition:
Secularism as a norm, as the natural default position prior to individual life choices, as the eternal condition upon which constructive choices can be made. (Ward, 2014, 'The Myth of Secularism')
Fundamental to secularism, then, is its claim to provide a neutral or non-aligned space within which human existence can be creatively and independently pursued on its own terms. Ward himself challenges this claim, proposing that secularism must be understood as itself having the form of an ideology and social habitus. Similar challenges have been posed elsewhere within the disciplines of theology, philosophy, sociology and the study of religions.
The work of Talal Asad is prominent in this debate. In his 2003 book Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity, Asad sought to expose the multi-layered history of secularism in an attempt to deconstruct its claim to be offering a neutral or "nonpartisan" rationality. A 2008 collected volume that was inspired by Asad's work argued that there are various "secularisms" in the world, each one inflected by its particular national, regional and religious context, and that this undermines the claim of secularism itself to be a neutral or "nonpartisan" space.
Latour's work can certainly be situated in this field of critical reflection on the concepts of secularism and the secular. However, the implications of his work are in fact more radical still. The critique that is developed in this scholarship is premised on the idea that secularism retains the shadow of a religious heritage. That is to say, the putative neutrality of secularism is understood to be compromised at points where secularism has failed to dissociate or dis-amalgamate itself from a particular religion or religious heritage. This leaves open the possibility that a more secular form of secularism might arise in the future, when this residue of religion might finally be sloughed off. By contrast, Latour's analysis suggests that religious ideology is not merely vestigial within secularism. Rather, it is integrated and even co-opted into its very structure and definition. This enables him to make the apparently paradoxical claim in the Inquiry that contemporary western society is characterised above all by "secular fundamentalisms" (p.94). This is not a naïve observation about some kind of regressive or recursive adherence to a particular religious creed or tradition. It follows directly from the argument I have advanced in this chapter. For Latour, secularism is itself convoked and held in place by a covert appeal to the category of transcendence, an appeal which is always religious in form:
En ce sens, il n'y a pas de collectif durablement sécularisé, mais seulement des collectifs qui ont modifié le nom et les propriétés de cette autorité suprême au nom duquel ils s'assemblent. (Face à Gaïa, 2016, my trans. "in this sense, there is no such thing as a durably secularized collective, but only collectives that have modified the name and the properties of the supreme authority in whose name they gather").
Latour's critique of the concept of the secular has allowed him to draw controversial connections between the contemporary (European) secular state and non-state actors engaged in acts of violent religious extremism. For example, in a newspaper opinion piece written in response to the Charlie Hebdo attacks that took place in Paris in January 2015, published in Le Monde and translated by myself, he argued that the ideology of those Jihad-inspired criminals was ultimately the same (albeit in violently-mutated form) as the one espoused and promoted by the secular ideology they were seeking to destroy:
It comes from those who believe they possess a knowledge that is so absolute that they have the right to impose it without having to take into account the necessary brakes of law, of politics, of morality, of culture or of simple good sense. It comes when certain people in the name of the utopia of a paradise on earth assume to themselves the right to impose hell on those who hesitate or don't obey fast enough.
For Latour, Jihadist ideology has the form of a political religion. On account of its claim to be the exclusive interpreter of reality, disregarding the voices of other actors, it asserts itself as the de facto possessor of a transcendent mode of knowledge, "la connaissance assurée". Here is the eschatological motif I described above, namely, the idea of a final state of knowledge that is brought into the time of the present. Immunized against all doubt by this eschatological importation, the Jihadists are able to claim for themselves justification for their terrible acts of violence. But Latour's startling claim is that an identical motif is employed within the secular society that is the target of Jihadist violence. Both appeal to the theological concept of transcendence as warrant of their actions, in one case citing "fi sabilillah" ("the cause of Allah"), in the other citing the being of "the crossed-out God". Thus, with regard to the Jihadists, Latour can propose that "behind their archaic appearance they must be understood above all as fanatical modernizers". And correspondingly, with regard to western secularists, he can propose that "like the most extremist zealots of Jerusalem and Ramallah" they are in fact "political fundamentalists". Of course, Latour is not seeking to render these two groups morally equivalent. His concern is to identify an uncomfortable synergy between the ideological structure that lies behind both, even if this issues in radically different forms of worldview and behavior. Both claim to be in possession of a totalizing knowledge of reality, a claim which by definition implies a claim about the flow of historical time itself:
Ils sont définitivement immunisés contre le doute, puisque qu'ils seront passés de l'autre côté de l'incertitude concernant le temps et sa direction: les fins ne sont plus ce qu'on attend, mais ce qu'on possède. (Face à Gaïa, 2016, my trans. "they are definitively immunized against doubt, since they will have passed to the other side of uncertainty concerning time and its direction. The ends are no longer what you expect, but what you possess")
Latour's deconstructive reading of the concept of the secular has arisen in the context of recent debates in France concerning the function of "laïcité" and the mode of management the French state is entitled to pursue in its guise as supposedly neutral arbitrator of the boundaries of religion in public life. These centre on Article I of the French constitution and interpretation of 'la loi du 9 décembre 1905 concernant la séparation des Églises et de l'État'. Controversy over interpretation of this Article was triggered by the publication of Stasi Commission report in 2003 and has been accelerated in recent years by publicity surrounding bans enacted by various French communes on the wearing of religious clothing in public places.
Latour's analysis suggests that the secular French state, or indeed any state apparatus, cannot propose itself as being a neutral arbitrator of religious expression, since secularism is itself already inflected as a religious ideology. Indeed, this is true even in a legal sense, since to enshrine "laïcité" in legislation and to enforce it as law upon a population is simultaneously to enact a hegemonic gesture that is characteristic of political religions. Latour has been described as a conservative political thinker. But this is a misreading. On the contrary, his work provides a radical and even an unsettling critique of the contemporary political situation and the secular ideology he perceives as undergirding it.
Posted on July 2, 2019 by Tim HowlesPosted in Bruno Latour1 Comment
Here is the most recent in my series of posts on the ideas of space and time in Bruno's work. Here is the last one. Or you might want to start from the beginning and work forward.
In some of his most recent work Latour has used his ideas about space and time to develop a deconstructive reading of certain motifs that are prevalent within contemporary discourse. These include the motifs of "progress" and "the progressive", the motifs of "secularism" and "the secular", and the motifs of "globalization" and "the global". Latour claims that these motifs effectively function as slogans: they express the self-perception of contemporary western society and convey some of its most cherished values. His argument, however, is that they actually perpetuate (what I have called) "the spatio-temporal conditioning effect" identified above, an effect that itself has a quasi-religious underpinning. Thus, motifs that are often embraced enthusiastically and uncritically within contemporary western society can be revealed as encoding a covert form of religion or religiosity that undermines their own status and intended function.
The first motif I wish to address is that of "progress". Latour points out the importance of this motif within the self-consciousness of contemporary western society. It is related to perceived advances in science, technology, culture or material wealth, and is often represented by slogans proclaiming "the onward march" or "the frontier spirit" of human knowledge in its quest for increasing mastery over the world it inhabits.
For Latour, however, the idea of progress is not neutral. The assumption that history will move forward in a certain direction implies an understanding of time that is linear and predictable. This in turn is premised on postulating a moment of rupture that has previously taken place in human history: a time after which humans came to master the progress of history in its essential form . This is the emancipation narrative of "modernity". By positing the transcendent epistemological categories of "Nature", "Society", "the Second Nature" and so on, themselves undergirded by the meta-category of "the crossed-out God", modernity perceives itself as having broken with a pre-enlightened past. Once, the story of humanity was framed in relation to a plural, contingent world that was by no means under the mastery of humans. But now, the history of modern people is conceived as proceeding on a different trajectory. The "laws of nature", the "laws of social existence" and the "law of market forces" have been revealed. Modern people proceed on the basis that the future will entail nothing more than the progressive disclosure of reality according to these laws. Of course, the journey may be uneven. But the ultimate destination is known. Thus, as well as positing its own trajectory of progress in relation to a pre-enlightened past, modernity also functions in relation to a future state of affairs or end-state that is conceived to have been brought into the time of the present. This facilitates the idea that the progressive flow of human history has been in some way raised above the impact of events in the world that might lead to an unpredictable or contingent end. Echoing the terminology of Fukuyama and others, then, "the end of history" is proclaimed within modernity. But for Latour this phrase has problematic connotations. It refers to an artificial experience of time. A flow of history that was once tied to a contingent ontology of actors and events has now become formatted by categories that fix its progression in a controlled and predictable order.
Thus, for Latour, modernity is characterised by:
[…] ce thème étrange que l'histoire serait déjà finie, qu'il existerait une rupture totale et radicale qui aurait définitivement brûlé nos vaisseaux derrière nous. (my trans. "[…] this strange idea that history should be already finished, that a total and radical rupture should have taken place that definitively burnt bridges with what was behind us", Latour, Face a Gaia, French, p.220.
Representing these ideas visually, the conceptualization of history within modernity can be depicted as follows:
Latour thereby gives us a sort of bastardised, religious aetiology of progress. The progressive identity of modernity is held in place by means of two assertions about historical time. The first of these looks backwards and is a bastardised expression of "incarnation". To be modern is to have broken with a pre-enlightened past whose rationality was associated with the contingent and unpredictable conditions of the immanent world. The second looks forwards and is a bastardised expression of eschatology. To be modern is to function in accordance with laws about the world that are fixed, external and immutable, analogous to the knowledge of God that is to be revealed at the end of time itself, that is, in the eschaton. In between these two historical buttresses, modernity is held in a spatio-temporal grid where the "slight surprise of action" associated with the logistical movements of actors in the present moment is replaced by a trajectory that, in its essential form, has already been set. History can be conceived as moving forward in a controlled and predictable order. It is this celebratory narrative of progress that Latour exposes as a myth.
To summarise, then, Latour's deconstructive reading of the idea of progress and its relation to historical time is best understood in relation to his writing on religion. Looking backwards, the historical rupture that lies behind the emancipation narrative of modernity is equivalent in form to the Christian doctrine of the incarnation. Both posit an interruption within history that establishes an entirely new historical timeline for those that follow in its wake. And looking forwards, the confidence modern people are able to place in the future trajectory of history is a function of the Gnostic appropriation of an eschatological motif. Thus, for Latour, the progressive identity of contemporary western society has the form of a religious ideology that promises to its adherents a proleptic assurance about their own place in the flow of history and its ultimate triumph in the eschaton.
Posted on June 28, 2019 by Tim HowlesPosted in Bruno Latour4 Comments
This continues my series of posts on Bruno Latour's understanding of space and time. The previous can be found here.
The influence of Leibniz on Latour's thought is evident here, insofar as space and time are understood as expressing some relation between entities (or monads) in the world (see especially this very interesting article of 2012, where he provides a contemporary philosophical re-statement of Leibniz's "monadology", via Tarde).
More importantly, however, I believe that Latour's philosophical observations about space and time are indebted to the work of the late Michel Serres.
There is a complex intellectual (and personal) relationship between these two that is beyond the scope of my argument here. For one commentator, Serres is nothing less than the "inventor of Bruno Latour" (cited in Bingham & Thrift (2000), 'Some New Instructions for Travellers: The Geography of Bruno Latour and Michel Serres'). Latour himself is more ambivalent. The relationship is charted in this early essay and in the dialogue he himself pursued with Serres in the mid 1990s, which highlights points of agreement and disagreement between them.
Serres builds upon his own reading of Leibniz (he wrote his major doctoral thesis on Leibniz under the supervision of Jean Hyppolite at the École Normale Suprérieure, Rue d'Ulm, which was published in 1968 as Le Système de Leibniz et ses modèles mathématiques, as well as on contemporary research in the fields of thermodynamics and complexity theory, to provide an analysis of space and time as "non-laminar". According to Serres, space and time must be understood as being subject to the contingent flows and turbulences generated by the movements of actors in the world. This means that space and time "cannot be thought of as a parameter adding something to a system from the outside" (cited in Prigogine & Stengers, Order out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature, 1984, p.10). Serres critiques post-Enlightenment modes of thought that treat space and time as an external "grid" within which reality itself is fixed and circumscribed. In his Hermès series of books, published during the 1970s, he depicts how different loci of human experience have found themselves plotted on precisely such a spatio-temporal grid:
The Euclidean house, the street and its network, the open and closed garden, the church or the enclosed spaces of the sacred, the school and its spatial varieties containing fixed points, and the complex ensemble of flow-charts, those of language, of the factory, of the family, of the political party, and so on. (in Serres (1983), 'Language and Space: From Oedipus to Zola', pp.44–45)
Here and elsewhere in his work, Serres is drawing attention to how many of the representative institutions of contemporary society, whether social, cultural, political, educational or religious, perpetuate an experience of space and time in this way. The self-organising potential of a multiplicity becomes over-codified by a grid that is external to itself. Serres attributes this over-codification to the residual theological idea of transcendence, since it equates to a spatio-temporal framework that is imposed from above upon the immanent world. "This thesis has always seemed to me to be quasi-religious in form", as Serres puts it in Eclaircissements.
Serres' work provides a lens through which to understand Latour's ideas. Both diagnose contemporary western societies as experiencing space and time in an artificial and dislocated way. For both, this can be traced to a religious thematic. And as a corrective, both seek to articulate a spatio-temporal framework that is aligned to and representative of an ontology of actors and events in the world:
Both Serres and Latour have sought to replace space and time with all the figures that have been stripped away by an idea of abstract division, by concentrating instead on movement, on process, on the constant hum of the world as different elements of it are brought into relation with one another, often in new styles and unconsidered combinations. (Bingham & Thrift (2000), 'Some New Instructions for Travellers: The Geography of Bruno Latour and Michel Serres', p.291)
Taking his cue from Serres, Latour interrogates assumptions about space and time within modernity that are codified by this thematic, a thematic that Latour will go further than Serres in describing as "religious".
In the next posts, I will show how this provides the basis for an analysis of various motifs that are prevalent within the ideology of contemporary western society. First of all, the motif of "progress" …
Posted on June 27, 2019 June 27, 2019 by Tim HowlesPosted in Bruno Latour1 Comment
I'm mid-way through a series of posts exploring the themes of space and time in the work of Bruno Latour (see here for the previous post). Soon, I'd like to make the case for the relevance of a religious thematic. But before getting on to that let's continue to lay the groundwork for Latour's understanding of (what I have called) the spatio-temporal conditioning effect of "modernity". I've defined this as a form of epistemological paralysis is imposed upon on the present, such that the dynamic flow of activity that constitutes life itself is prematurely unified and shut down. This is the spatio-temporal framework that, for Latour, is characteristic of all "modern" existence. It contrasts with the authentic mode of experience of space-time that derives from an actor-network ontology.
In a number of texts from the middle-phase of his career, Latour uses the term "freeze-framing" to describe this effect. He borrows the term from photography, where it refers to the capture of a materially and historically dynamic real-world situation in a single, still image. A photographic capture will provide only a partial representation of the event in progress. Moreover, what it depicts will necessarily be determined by the position of the one taking the photograph, that is, by angle of view, depth of field, compositional framing, and so on. As Latour deploys the term, freeze-framing is thus understood as an artificial delimitation of the spatial and temporal flow it seeks to represent.
The idea of freeze-framing is illustrated in a little-known but very interesting book published by Latour in French in 1998 entitled Paris: Ville Invisible.
This books takes the form of a photographic essay. It opens with the author on the roof-top of the Samaritaine building at the rue de la Monnaie in Paris, which has a central location in the city and offers a wide view built environmental spread out in all directions below. To aid tourists, a ceramic board has been installed pointing out the major landmarks that can be seen from this spot, including their radial distances from the point where the viewer is standing. Of course, the panorama is now out-of-date because the cityscape has changed greatly in the years since the board was installed. Latour uses this a metaphor for the totalizing epistemological categories of modernity. While the roof-top location certainly gives the sense that "c'est un panorama qui nous permet, comme on dit, d' « embrasser la ville d'un seul coup d'œil »" (my translation: "it is a panorama that enables us, as they say, to capture the city in a single glance"), the complex life of the city below exceeds the capacity of one viewer, situated in one place and at one moment of time, to capture and contain it in a meaningful way. An authentic portrayal would require the viewer to come down from the roof and to immerse him or herself in the flows and movements of actors at street-level, which is the complex, immanent life of the city. (The depiction of reality by a series of parallel images is a constant theme of interest for Latour. It is beyond doubt that Deleuze's two books on cinematic images are important precursors in this regard. However, neither text has been referenced by Latour anywhere in his published corpus to date).
Another important early text in which Latour explores his ideas about space and time is a lecture he delivered at a conference in Neuchâtel, Switzerland in 1996 entitled "Trains of Thought: Piaget, Formalism and the Fifth Dimension". This is one of my favourite of all his articles and, I think, would repay greater attention as something of a "key" to his whole ontology. In it, Latour proposes a thought-experiment. He invites us to consider two travellers undertaking a journey from one location to another. The resonance with Einstein's thought-experiment, the so-called "twin paradox", is intentional. The first traveller is faced with rough terrain (the example Latour selects is a jungle). She has to hack her way through tangled foliage, negotiating at every step with external forces (vegetation, sunlight, temperature, water supply, and so on), each of which offers resistance to her progress. The second traveller, by contrast, undertakes the same journey via TGV, speeding through the landscape in a sealed carriage. The point is that space and time are experienced differently by these two travellers. Latour points out that this difference corresponds to the extent of their immersion in the material world and to the nature of their contact with other actors, both human and nonhuman, who may serve to interrupt or hinder their progress. As he puts it, the difference of experience between the two travellers "comes from the number of others one has to take into account, and from the nature of those that are encountered" (ibid, p.3).
The experience of modernity corresponds to the experience of the second traveller: modernity causes its inhabitants to be removed from the space of trials between actors and, in doing so, provides human subjects with an artificial experience of the world as it really is.
These texts provide a foundation for Latour's broader philosophical observations about space and time. The core argument he proposes, as expressed in his earlier work Science in Action, is as follows:
Space and time cannot be thought of as existing independently as an unshakeable frame of reference inside which events and places occur. (Science in Action, 1987), p.228.
If space and time do not exist independently of an ontology of actors and events, then it must be the case that they are "a consequence of the ways in which bodies relate to one another" (Trains of Thought, p.174).
Since Latour defines "modernity" as an epistemological regime that is supervenient over this ontology, it follows that human subjects inhabiting "modernity" will experience a spatio-temporal conditioning effect upon their lived experience.
Posted on June 19, 2019 June 20, 2019 by Tim HowlesPosted in Bruno Latour3 Comments
To get a good take on the question introduced in the previous post, we must first back up and find our bearings.
Latour's interest in the concepts of space and time derives from the earliest part of his career, that is, from the research project he carried out in Roger Guillemin's laboratory in the 1970s. The epistemology of science he developed at that time can be represented in terms of the "materiality" and "historicity" of a scientific fact (Laboratory Life, p.77). It narrates the way in which different actors functioning within the environment of a scientific laboratory move in relation to one another, such that through their interactions in space and time a reality larger than themselves is gradually constructed.
Latour illustrates this by means of close analysis of the work being carried out by Guillemin's team on the hormone TRF, which was the research question they were pursuing at the time. In the bench area of the laboratory, two or more chemical agents are brought into reaction with each other. This is a site in which actors engage in a trial with one another. It makes use of a particular experimental apparatus. The outcome of this trial, which might take the form of a reading or data-point, is then transitioned to a different part of the laboratory. The scientists who occupy this new space are seated on desks: they interpret the reading in the context of other experimental trials and write it up in the form of (what Latour calls) "a literary inscription" (ibid, p.45). The reading, which was initially generated by a trial between actors in another part of the room entirely, has been translated from a material to an abstract form in the course of its movement through space and time. From there, its "journey" continues beyond the four walls of the laboratory. It is incorporated into a journal article or book. This in turn becomes widely distributed and reviewed, all of which constitute new trials that put it to the test. Or it may contribute to the development of a new pharmaceutical product: this in turn brings to bear a series of new trials, since the discovery first made in the laboratory is now being tested in real-life applications. Latour therefore presents an epistemology of science in terms of the composition of a "matter of fact" in spatial and temporal movements. As they pursue a journey through space and time, scientific discoveries bear the imprint of all the trials they have engaged with along the way; their stability is guaranteed as long as they can continue to "call upon the support of all the actors they have enlisted to their cause" (ibid, p.39).
In Laboratory Life, Latour provides a visual map of these movements as he identified them as taking place within Guillemin's laboratory:
The flow of arrows into and around the laboratory space over time index what Latour calls "the movement of facticity" that he claims is characteristic of all scientific discovery (ibid, p.97).
For Latour, space and time are therefore "the cradle of being" out of which rationality itself emerges (The Pasteurisation of France, p.82).
"Modernity", by contrast, can be understood as an epistemological regime that simplifies, abrogates or conceals these spatio-temporal movements by means of its appeal to an abstract realm of transcendence that lies outside space and time. For example, if a scientific fact is assumed to inhere in "the realm of nature", then it is presented as if it has "come out of nowhere", and as if it has no "historicity" or "historical reference". "Modernity" functions by removing the spatio-temporal constitution of any claim to meaning or truth, such that "it rids itself of all determinants of place and time, and of all reference to its producers and the production process" (Laboratory Life, p.176). This is what I will call the spatio-temporal conditioning effect of "modernity".
See here for the next post.
For Latour, "modernity" imposes (what I will call) a spatio-temporal conditioning effect upon its inhabitants. To be "modern" is to find oneself inhabiting material space and historical time in a way that is artificial and dislocated from reality, that is, from ontology properly understood.
What exactly is this effect? Its most negative function, as Latour discerns it, is to leverage upon the present a sense of closure and stability that properly belongs to a non-specified future. Thus, a form of epistemological paralysis is imposed upon on the present, closing down the dynamic flow of activity that constitutes the productive domain of the political. This de-politicization of the public space can be discerned everywhere within the institutions of contemporary western society and is Latour's core diagnosis of the crises that are currently afflicting the west (Trump and Brexit foremost amongst them).
That Latour is interested in exploring ideas of space and time, and their relation to lived experience, has been noted before in the critical literature. (See for example Nowotny (1994), Time: The Modern and Postmodern Experience, p.79 ff.; Pickering (1995), The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency, and Science, p.3; Schmidgen (2012), 'The Materiality of Things? Bruno Latour, Charles Péguy and the History of Science'). However, what I would like to suggest is that Latour's understanding of the spatio-temporal constitution of "modernity" has to do with his understanding of transcendence, and hence that the idea is one that is productively addressed with reference to his writing on religion.
In a series of posts over the next few days, I will seek to advance and defend this idea. These posts represent a further attempt on my behalf to make the case for the fundamentally religious orientation of Latour's work.
Posted on June 18, 2019 June 19, 2019 by Tim HowlesPosted in Brexit, Bruno Latour, Political Religion, Political Theology, REL3 Comments


"I took it's advice and i quit," Koster says on page 8.
I can relate to Koster on the subject of boredom. The word "game" is a noun that is used for a number of different things. If you ask someone to play a game, chances are they are going to respond with something along the lines of: "What sort of game?" There are bored games, video games, physical games, sports games, word games, made-up games, the list goes on. Specifically, i want to discuss my thoughts on video games vs. any other type of game. When playing a video game, the challenge lies in attempting to evolve your character and your playing skills enough to move from level to level. When one first starts playing a game, chances are, they aren't a pro. After logging hour after hour with ones' video game device, an individual may find themselves rising to the challenge without much difficulty, therefore not having to put as much energy into beating the game as they had previously. This is why video games can get boring. General video games, such as racing games, never tend to get boring because everytime you play, the challenge is still there: to win. Let us consider, however, the games with level after level, each one slightly more difficult than its proceeding one. Once a "gamer" becomes good enough at these sorts of games, they can fly through level after level, beating the game in no time. Once you beat the game, what do you do? Play it again? How boring. You are already accustomed to its tricks and treats, knowing what to expect and how to stay alive. When put in this situation, most "gamers" would probably go out and buy another game, putting their hard earned cash into the pocket of video game developers. I think that video game developers realize this. They look forward to people getting bored with a game because it means more money for the company in the end. It is almost as if video game developers use boredom as one of their key marketing tools, but it is something they don't have to develop or advertise, it is a natural occurence. Video game developers thrive on peoples boredom, knowing that a serious "gamer" will develop video game withdrawal symptoms and what better remedy than to buy a sparkly new game to try and beat? The challenge starts all over again when a new game is bought. In theory, this really doesn't sound like a bad deal for the developers, but for the consumers, let me ask you, after you beat a game and don't want to play because you already know how to beat it, what do you do with it? Take it to a CD warehouse and sell it? Keep it? Trade it? Doesn't it almost seem like a waste of money to even buy it? Depending on how much a gamer plays, after opening the package, the game may have a shelf life of only a few months.
When considering this and then comparing it to pretty much any other sort of game, to me, any other sort of game sounds like a better option. Board games for example, the challenge is always there: to win. The circumstances are usually different each time you play. Lets face it, the dice don't magically roll the same exact numbers every time you play, thus more than likely putting you into a different situation than you were in the last time you played. Physical games, tag and hide and seek, are always exciting. It is always a thrill to be running around and hiding from the seeker or the person who is "it". You can play in different settings, you can play with different people, it would be pretty hard to recreate the exact game twice. Now you may be thinking: "Well, video games can be played in different settings and with different people". This is true, but you will still be doing the same damn thing. Don't get me wrong, i enjoy playing video games, but i am more apt to buy something that continously presents me with a challenge rather than a level upon level game that i will eventually beat and get tired of.
The internet: Widely discussed among the giddy high school students who were the first around me to use, and sometimes abuse, online technology. The main thing i remember from high school was all of the attention that was given to instant messenger. "I IMed her today and she said...." IMed? What does that mean? I remember thinking to myself that what these people were discussing was something that seemed like a futuristic stretch. Surely you couldn't just open a box and type to someone. It couldn't really be that simple. Any other form of communication was never quite so quick or efficient. The mail takes a few days to reach its destination and since it was the only form of communication I had really encountered, other than the telephone of course, I was skeptical of this supposed instant form of speaking...typing if you'd rather.
Despite the fact that cell phones and the internet were being introduced at a growth period in my life, I didn't grow with the technology. My parents didn't want a computer; they didn't feel the need to have something like that in our house. We also had no cell phones and no answering machine. The rest of our town, the rest of the world, was growing right along with the advanced capabilities of technology and I was stuck in a communication rut. Seton Hill University, higher education in general, has changed all of that. I was told i would get a computer when i went to college, and I did. When I started freshman year, I was aware of AIM and other aspects of the internet but I wasn't familiar with them in the least. I wasn't even sure how to download Instant Messenger onto my computer.
Once given a taste of the technology that I had been forcibly kept from, i began to spiral into a world of computer related topics and tasks. I was a member of literally, the first class to have blogs. I didn't even know what weblog was or what exactly I was supposed to do with my first official website. I began to use email, I became familiar with google, I understood what it did and what was meant when people talked about a "search engine" and I understood why google was placed into this category. I realized that I had the capability to share my writing with so many people if I were willing to do so by participating and bravely putting my thoughts out on my blog.
What was once something that was unknown territory to me has now become a main tool for all of my classes and a one of my main sources of communication with people that I rarely see, or even those that I see daily. I have even met new people through the internet, specifically through my blog. I had written an entry about Cedar Point and I had someone I didn't know comment on it and then use it on their own personal website without giving any credit to me. This person however, had also left me with, go figure, their screenname and email address in case i was interested in talking to them. I kindly asked them why they had not credited me with my work, and how they had even seen it. He, Jeff, had been searching for Cedar Point on google and my blog entry was one of the hits that came up. Although we have never met in person, Jeff eventually explained why he had not credited me, proceeded to credit me, and we still occasionally talk.
Any sort of writing or participation in anything now a days is going to end up being able to be viewed by others, mainly via the internet. When googling myself, the first thing that comes up is something that i actually wrote, a flash fiction piece called "Innocence". Several of the other things were related to me, but most of the hits weren't. I think i may have died previously, according to a certain google hit. I did find something interesting though, a site where you could find all the Rupert females. And I also found out that there was a link to the Hunter S. Thompson radio play I did with my Topics in Culture Wars class. I didn't even realize that the play was still available to listen to, nor did i expect to find a link to it connected with my name when searching google.
It doesn't seem like privacy is much of an issue with people anymore considering the wide array of information that can be found out about someone by simply typing their name into a search engine. It is also interesting to think about how the internet has come to the point where it is a main tool for most of my classes. In this technology war, i do believe the internet is the conqueror.


My career in public service owes a great debt to two First Ladies.
During my senior year at Smith College, I developed a relationship with Barbara Bush, who guided me to my first job working for the administrator of the US Agency for International Development (USAID). After three years, I left to pursue graduate work at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. For my master's thesis, I performed research in Kashmir, a region that General Anthony Zinni then called the "most dangerous place on earth." Undeterred by curfews, shootings, and other violence, I interviewed young militants about their activities and goals, meeting them discreetly in private locations. On one occasion, there was an explosion near my car, giving me a sobering call to action. That summer was the first time I felt the kind of anger and heard the kind of thinking that allowed people to justify violence in the name of a political cause.
I was moved by the events of 9/11 to return to public service.
In 2002, after several years spent working in the private sector, I returned to USAID. I lived for a short time in Afghanistan before joining the National Security Council to fill a new role dealing with "Muslim outreach." Later, in the wake of the Danish Cartoon Crisis, the Bush administration asked me to do what most European governments themselves hadn't: develop Muslim engagement strategies across Western Europe. Over two years, I traveled to fifty-five cities in almost two-dozen countries to meet with young Muslims and hear their perspectives. I became a talent scout and entrepreneur, creating first of a kind influencer networks. These included the first pan-European network of professional Muslims, a network of women fighting violent extremism, as well as a network of young, Muslim elected parliamentarians. We experimented with using former extremists to dissuade kids from joining extremist groups, and we worked with technology entrepreneurs to generate new techniques for mobilizing people against extremism. This in-depth experience with European Muslims, alongside early attention to the importance of the ideological war at the policy level, convinced me that the right talent and influencers could fundamentally disrupt extremist recruiting.
In 2009, I briefed the then-new Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on my work in Europe. She asked me to expand the scope of my activities and to introduce programs in countries around the world. As America's first-ever Special Representative to Muslim Communities, I traveled to Muslim communities in Africa, South America, Asia, Europe and North America – nearly one hundred countries — listening to youth and mobilizing credible voices against extremists. Initiatives I created include Generation Change, which gathered young "change makers" together to work on issues such as violent extremism; Viral Peace, an online counter-extremism initiative; and Hours Against Hate, a virtual campaign (co-created with Hannah Rosenthal) asking youth to reject bigotry and hatred around the world.
In January 2014, after a year spent launching several initiatives for Secretary Kerry including the Beehive in Malaysia, I left government, to serve as fellow at the Institute of Politics at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government. I also served on Secretary Jeh Johnson's Homeland Security Advisory Committee chairing the task force on countering violent extremism. I am now a senior fellow with the Future of Diplomacy Project at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School as well as an adjunct senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.
Mobilizing Communities Locally and Internationally.
I believe in the innovation that occurs when passionate, dedicated, and well-intentioned people come together around a problem. I've served on the leadership or advisory boards of many organizations over the years, including the We Are Family Foundation, America Abroad Media, Tribeca Film Institute, RANE Network, and the Women in Public Service Project (of which I was a key architect). I have served as a Trustee of Smith College and of Milton Academy and am a member of the Board of Overseers of The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
My book is How We Win: How Cutting-Edge Entrepreneurs, Political Visionaries, Enlightened Business Leaders, and Social Media Mavens Can Defeat the Extremist Threat (HarperCollins). It describes my experiences with Muslim Millennials and presents a far-reaching redefinition of counter extremist policy solutions. I have spoken at the United Nations, the World Bank, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the British House of Lords, European Union, Aspen Ideas Festival, Google Zeitgeist, SXSW, TEDx, and dozens of other government organizations, companies, and universities in the United States, Europe and elsewhere. I have been interviewed and written about hundreds of times in global media, including Face the Nation, ABC's This Week, New York Times Magazine, CNN, BBC, Bloomberg, MSNBC, CBS News, Al Jazeera, Der Spiegel, Le Monde, The Guardian, Times of India, Zaman (Turkey), and NDTVBusiness (India). In addition to my degree from The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, I hold an A.B. from Smith College.
I was born in Srinagar, Kashmir, India and raised in Massachusetts. I currently split my time between Washington, D.C., London, and Boston.


Whether it is a glass-enclosed space in your home or an encircled outdoor space outside your window, an atrium should be your oasis. When you enhance the natural lighting and open-air feel of the space with live plants, animals and a water element, you transform a blank canvas into valuable real estate in your home. Suited to quiet meditation as well as friendly gatherings, an atrium should reflect your personal style and passions with organic fundamentals.
Green up the space by placing potted or planted vegetation around the margins of the space. Take the edges off the room by grouping plants in corners and mixing tall and short plants.
Create a relaxation space in the middle of the room. Place a small table and chairs or lounge chairs in the atrium to make it more comfortable for guests.
Add a water element to make the space feel refreshing and alive. Atrium spaces can tend to feel dry and hot if they receive direct sunlight, so a bubbling fountain or small koi pond will enhance the comfort of the room.
Create drama in an outdoor atrium by investing in high-quality wind chimes. Long cylindrical brass tubes create deep, beautiful sounds and look great when lined up along the edge of the atrium.
Bring the outdoors into an enclosed atrium when you place live finches in the room. Either place an extra-large vintage birdcage in the room or allow the birds to fly free for a more natural environment.
Accessorize the space by placing some sculptural artwork amongst the plants or on a table. Add vintage architectural elements like old wrought iron fence pieces or an antique birdbath for more interest.
Choose plants with the climate of the atrium in mind. Consider the amount of light and heat retention in the room before purchasing plants.
Don't risk your pets. Talk to the pros when using live finches in your atrium. They may suggest a slow introduction to the space by starting the birds in a cage in the space so they are aware of food and water sources before releasing them in the enclosed atrium.


by Niall Douglas. Last updated 2013-09-26 06:18:17 +0000 UTC . This page has been accessed 17 times since the 26th March 2019.
Thursday 26th September 2013: 6.18am. Just had a very stressful and long day! Last night I upgraded my cloud's software and expanded the hard drive in one of my VMs as I was running out of space on it, all looked good, so I went to bed. I woke up this morning, and hmm my encrypted offsite personal data store is gone, something important as I need to file my Irish tax return and it contains the tax return login keys. Moreover, the VM which implements the encrypted store is frozen, same one as I expanded last night. I try rebooting it, and it hangs a few minutes after boot. Weird.
My first thought is it must be some software incompatibility in the upgrades - I upgraded each of the VMs as well as the hypervisor. So I spend the first few hours trial and erroring downgrades of various components, resetting the VM each time to a backup, removing various features and drives. The backup works perfectly, but as soon as I reextend its storage, and as soon as that VM writes anywhere into the extra storage, it hangs again. Even weirder.
So I wipe the VM, and completely redo it from backup. Same problem, writing into new storage freezes the VM. I wonder, is there a problem with the space where the hypervisor keeps the hard drives? While writing test files there, I notice that the hard drives image sizes add up to more than the partition's size. Eh? I think for a moment ... and the lightbulb turns on. ext4 stores files sparsely, so only the data written is stored and you can create files as large as you like. Therefore my VM was actually running out of storage.
So I clean out some stuff, and voila now the VM is working right. But hey, why isn't my encrypted offsite store working? The one with all my incredibly important, must never, ever lose data? That one.
Luckily, it turns out that LVM - the software which manages storage at its bottom most level - keeps a recent history of state, or, put another way, it lets you undo horrible horrible mistakes like deleting everything you own. One quick command later and voila, back came all my incredibly important stuff. And I felt so very, very much relieved ... all my tax stuff, accounts, everything important lives there. And I have no backup, as I had always assumed my offsite backup would be enough if anything ever went wrong.
That is going to change!!! The encrypted store predates my more recent ZFS storage array which actively protects against cosmic ray corruption and the like, and it is a very good place to keep important stuff. So, before I sleep tonight I'm going to set up automated daily backups of my encrypted store onto my ZFS array, still in encrypted form of course. And let this be a lesson to myself, don't keep your eggs in one basket ever again!
I think I'll sleep very well tonight.


text:
HD 178911 är en trippelstjärna belägen i den mellersta delen av stjärnbilden Lyran. Den har en kombinerad skenbar magnitud av ca 6,70 och kräver åtminstone en handkikare för att kunna observeras. Baserat på parallaxmätning inom Hipparcosuppdraget på ca 20,2 mas, beräknas den befinna sig på ett avstånd på ca 160 ljusår (ca 49 parsek) från solen. Den rör sig närmare solen med en heliocentrisk radialhastighet på ca -41 km/s.

Egenskaper
Primärstjärnan HD 178911 A är en gul till vit stjärna i huvudserien av spektralklass G1 V, och är en solliknande stjärna. Den har en massa som är ca 1,1 solmassor, en radie som är ca 2,2 solradier och har ca 4,5 gånger solens utstrålning av energi från dess fotosfär vid en effektiv temperatur av 5 000 - 6 000 K.

HD 178911 består av HD 178911A och HD 178911B i en omloppsbana med en period av 1 300 dygn där HD 178911B är en mer avlägsen följeslagare med gemensam egenrörelse och där HD 178911A i själva verket är en snäv dubbelstjärna bestående av HD 178911Aa och Ab. En ytterligare stjärna, HD 178911C, är en visuell följeslagare och ingår inte i systemet.

Planetsystem
År 2001 upptäcktes en exoplanet i omloppsbana kring HD 178911B.

Se även
 Lista över exoplaneter

Referenser

Noter

Externa länkar
 https://www.universeguide.com/star/94076/hd178911.

Stjärnbilden Lyran
HR-objekt
HD-objekt
Huvudseriestjärnor klass G
Huvudseriestjärnor klass K
Trippelstjärnor
Solsystem
Solliknande stjärnor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We released the same chard a few months ago, then a lot of options where not always possible. Therefore I tried them now again and saw great improvements made by the Intune product team. The result is more consistent than before.
win32 app support and powershell script deployment.


soybean soup, mushroom, seaweed, green onions, tofu.
steamed and lightly salted soybeans in the pod.
chicken & scallion skewers, drizzled with teriyaki sauce.
fried dumplings with vegetable filling, served with gyoza sauce.
steamed japanese style dumplings, served with mustard.
deep fried vegetable spring roll, served with mustard.
deep fried tofu, bonito flakes & scallion, served in sauce.
scallion wrapped with thinly sliced meat, drizzled with teriyaki sauce.
deep fried vegetables in light batter, with warm dipping sauce.
breaded pork & veggie skewers, deep-fried, served with katsu sauce.
steamed eggs with chicken, seafood, mushrooms, and scallion.
seasoned & breaded, deep-fried, served with dipping sauce.
grilled squid drizzled with teriyaki sauce.
scallop, mushrooms, and clam in light wine sauce, baked in a giant clam shell, drizzled with house dressing.
grilled neck of yellowtail, served with ponzu sauce.
filet of eel, baked & drizzed with eel sauce.
grilled filet of salmon, drizzled with teriyaki sauce.
salted & grilled filet of salmon.
portion of bone-in mackerel, lightly salted & grilled.
sweet fish, lightly salted & grilled.
whole pike mackerel, lightly salted & grilled.
spanish mackerel, seasoned and grilled.
three whole smelt fish, salted and grilled.
brined whole atka mackerel, seasoned and grilled.
choice of ginger or raspberry dressing made in house.
smoked salmon, crab meat, shrimp, octopus on house salad.
steamed spinach, seasoned with sesame sauce.
cucumber and crab in special sauce.
squid and wild vegetables in vinegar based dressing.
seasoned octopus & wild vegetables in vinegar dressing.
vegetables marinated in vinegar sauce with choice of sashimi.
cold tofu topped with bonito flakes and scallion.
fresh rare tuna, served in spicy cocktail sauce.
seared and sliced, with ponzu sauce.
combination of japanese style pickled vegetables.
ground mountain potato with choice of sashimi.
sticky, fermented soybean & sashimi.
raw squid, salted and seasoned in rice wine sauce.
steamed monk fish liver, served with ponzu sauce.
black seaweed in sweet vinegar sauce.
Traditional Japanese Dinner Entrees, Served With Steamed Rice, Accompanied By Miso Soup And House Salad.
salmon, shrimp, beef, and vegetables grilled on a stone, drizzled with soy sauce and served with ponzu sauce.
thinly sliced prime rib-eye beef, fresh vegetables, egg, tofu, and clear noodles in boiling sukiyaki broth, for cooking table side.
thinly sliced prime rib-eye beef, fresh vegetables, tofu, and udon noodles, boiling broth and dipping sauce, for cooking table side.
Combination Dinners, Accompanied By Miso Soup And House Salad.
beef and salmon teriyaki with 5 type sashimi, 1 california roll, sunomono, gyoza, fish katsu, and steamed rice.
beef and chicken teriyaki with 5 type sashimi, 1 california roll, sunomono, gyoza, fish katsu, and steamed rice.
with 7pc sushi & 1 california roll, seaweed salad, gyoza, fish katsu, and steamed rice.
with 7pc sushi & 5 type sashimi, 1 california roll, seaweed salad, gyoza, fish katsu, and steamed rice.
with 3pc sushi & 3pc california roll, seaweed salad, gyoza, fish katsu, and steamed rice.
with seaweed salad, gyoza, fish katsu, and steamed rice.
Grilled & Sliced, Drizzled With Teriyaki Sauce On A Bed Of Cabbage, With Steamed Rice And Grilled Vegetables.
Lightly Battered And Deep-fried Selections, With Dipping Broth.
Breaded And Deep-fried, Sliced And Served On A Bed Of Cabbage Accompanied By Steamed Rice, Grilled Vegetables, And Katsu Sauce.
Topped With Fresh Seaweed, Chopped Green Onions, And Fish Cake.
choice of udon or soba noodles in hot broth, with a side of 2 pc shrimp tempura.
choice of udon or soba noodles in hot broth, topped with fresh napa, chicken, shrimp, and egg.
choice of udon or soba noodles in hot broth, topped with seasoned, fried soybean curd.
udon noodles in hot broth, topped with stir-fried veggies.
udon noodles in hot broth, topped with crunchy tempura.
udon noodles in hot broth, topped with raw whole egg.
ramen in hot miso broth, topped with stir-fried veggies.
ramen in hot soysauce-based soup, with stir-fried veggies.
stir-fried noodles, vegetables, and chicken.
Topped With Roasted Seaweed Flakes And Served With Ground Radish, Scallions, And Wasabi.
cold soba noodles, served with broth for dipping.
cold noodles & 2 pc shrimp tempura with dipping broth.
green tea flavored soba noodles, served with dipping broth.
cold soba noodles, topped with ground mountain potato, served with broth for dipping.
Sticky Rice Ball Wrapped In Seaweed, With Selected Fillings.
Selected Toppings Over Sushi Rice, With Miso Soup And House Salad.
variety of ashimi (chefs choice) on sushi rice.
Rice In Warm Green Tea With Selected Topping.


Losing your phone is one of the most stressful predicaments of modern-day life. We've all been there: You pat your pocket, swiftly scan every surface in sight — then suddenly feel your heart drop at the realization that your Android device and all of its contents are no longer in your control.
There's certainly no scenario in which losing your phone is a good thing. But with the advanced security tools now built into Android on the operating system level, finding and managing a missing device is often — well, quite manageable. And you don't need any third-party software to do it.
Android's native Find My Device system can precisely pinpoint any Android device — phone, tablet, even Android TV box (if you somehow manage to misplace one of those?!). It'll show you the device's exact location on an interactive map and give you tools to remotely ring it, lock it or wipe it entirely and send all of its data to the digital beyond.
Find My Device has actually been a part of Android since 2013 — originally under the name "Android Device Manager," which stuck around until Google's broad Android security rebranding earlier this year — but it's always been a bit buried and easy to overlook. So take a few minutes now to learn the ins and outs of how it works and what it takes for your devices to be discoverable.
Then, if you ever have that heart-dropping moment, your phone will be 100% ready — and so will you.
Most Android phones should be actively enrolled in Find My Device by default, but there are a few critical settings that are worth double-checking to confirm everything's connected.
First, head into the Location section of your Android device's system settings and make sure the toggle at the top of the screen is turned on. If it isn't, Android won't be able to access your phone's GPS and thus won't be able to perform any Find My Device-related location functions.
Next, pull up the Google section of your phone's system settings (or the Google Settings app, on some older devices) and scroll down to the line labeled "Security." Tap that, then tap "Find My Device" on the next screen that appears.
Now — the most important part — make sure both of the Find My Device toggles are activated: the one labeled "Remotely locate this device" and the one labeled "Allow remote lock and erase." If either of those is turned off, you won't be able to perform the related task.
All set? Good. Now, let's break down what your options are when that dreaded moment becomes reality.
Got an Android tablet? Install the Find My Device Android app. In fact, go install it right now so it'll be there and ready in case you ever need it. As long as you're signed into the same Google account on the tablet as you are on your phone, finding your phone will be as simple as opening the app, confirming your Google password and then selecting your phone from a series of icons at the top of the screen.
From there, you'll see your phone's last known location on a zoomable map along with details about its remaining battery life and Wi-Fi network connection (if it's currently connected to Wi-Fi). And you'll be able to ring it — for a full five minutes at a time, even if it's set to silent — and optionally lock it or erase it as needed.
No tablet? No problem: If you have a friend or family member with an Android phone nearby, kindly ask them to install the Find My Device app onto their device. Open it and tap the option to sign in as a guest. Type in your Google account credentials, and then take a deep breath: Everything you need to find your phone will be right at your fingertips.
If you don't have another Android device handy, you can still get to Android's Find My Device function from any web browser — on a laptop or desktop computer or even an iPhone or iPad.
The main Android Find My Device site is at google.com/android/find. It's basically identical to what you'll get in the Find My Device Android app.
Last but not least, you can simply type "Find my phone" or "Find my device" into any Google search prompt or into Chrome's address bar — provided, of course, that you're signed into Google or Chrome on the device you're using — and you'll see a small version of the Find My Device results right there on the search results page.
And that, my friends, is all there is to it. Consider yourself protected — and you know what? Go get yourself a cookie. You've earned it.


2015. Performance and Installation. CCA, Glasgow UK.
Brush me, Floss me or Lose me is a performance and installation, which deals with the difficulties of ageing and establishing a sense of belonging. Loosely based on George Orwell's novel Coming Up for Air, this work focuses on the book's protagonist, George Bowling. He is a fat, middle-aged man who experiences an identity crisis after acquiring his first set of false teeth.
I am ageing, and also yearning for the same sense of belonging as George. I still have all my own teeth.


text:
package com.storage.test.milan.uitest;

import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;

import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;

import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class ApplicationTest {

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
            new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

    @Test
    public void ensureTextChangesWork() {
        // Type text and then press the button.
        onView(withId(R.id.inputField))
                .perform(typeText("HELLO"), closeSoftKeyboard());
        onView(withId(R.id.changeText)).perform(click());

        // Check that the text was changed.
        onView(withId(R.id.inputField)).check(matches(withText("Lalala")));
    }

    @Test
    public void changeText_newActivity() {
        // Type text and then press the button.
        onView(withId(R.id.inputField)).perform(typeText("NewText"),
                                                closeSoftKeyboard());
        onView(withId(R.id.switchActivity)).perform(click());

        // This view is in a different Activity, no need to tell Espresso.
        onView(withId(R.id.resultView)).check(matches(withText("NewText")));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It is happy to announce that our wedding expo in July was successfully completed. Thanks for visiting us in those few days and it brought us a very warm support as well.
We aren't professional salespersons, what we do is sharing our experience with the couples and remaining them the things they should be aware. Your appreciation and trust means a lot to us, more than the business it is recognition of our efforts.
Also thanks to our team – staff, designers, photographers, videographers and helpers, without you guys we could not make such a great job.
Our Wedding Expo in Jun 2012 was successfully completed.
Thanks for the help by all our staff, photographers, videographers and helpers….. Our team is awesome, everyone of you is excellent.
Most of our clients feedback, we are not only the salesperson who are selling packages, but the expert adviser for their wedding.
Thanks your trust!!! For us, your appreciation is really a bless, it's also a recognition of our co…… not only the business!!!
Some of our photographers will be there too. You can discuss your concern / worries with them directly.


My adult son rents an apartment, and until a few months ago he had someone to help share the expenses. Finding himself now in need of a roommate, he had to take a long, hard look at what changes he must make in his apartment to attract someone who, besides sharing the rent, will also take pride in helping maintain a pleasant living environment. He had accumulated a lot of stuff over the past few years, and he was faced with performing a major declutter before anything else could be done. I volunteered to help while still on my own New Year's decluttering high.
We were dealing with a sea of boxes randomly packed -- many full of papers at the bottom -- spreading from one end of the apartment to the other. To save precious time we separated out the papers into a giant, impossible-to-ignore pile for filing or shredding after the major sorting was done. Because he lives in a coastal area, my son kept finding pockets of mold behind the furniture, and every spot had to be treated with fungicide before moving on. As we worked side by side, we tossed ideas back and forth about what he might want and need from his living space once it was cleaned and purged. He began to formulate a plan to spruce it up once the mess is under control.
The Problem: Beautifying an apartment has its challenges - you usually can't make permanent changes. For example, his place was built in the '50s and there are hardwood floors under the ugly carpeting that he would love to pull up, but that probably won't be an option because his lease won't allow it. The kitchen still has the original cabinetry -- painted a yellowing, flaking white, which the management won't repaint. The kitchen counters are partly tile with decades-old, dirty grout, and partly butcher block laminate with stains that no amount of scrubbing can clean. The circular fluorescent lighting is an energy-saver, but makes the kitchen about as cheerful as an autopsy room.
For now, he has a perfectly nice IKEA sofa and ottoman that was hidden behind the mountain of clutter and unused because the mess made the living room off-limits. We moved it in front of the flat screen, and he bought a lacquer tray so he could enjoy dinner or a snack while propping his feet up on the ottoman and watching Netflix or playing video games after long hours at work.
He still has plenty of decluttering to do before he starts to decorate, and the budget will only allow one or two improvements at a time, but my son has renewed determination. I can't wait to watch him grow into this next phase of his life and to develop a sense of decorating style all his own, based on a fluid lifestyle open to fresh possibilities.


* Open Photoshop, PaintShop Pro or GIMP.
Photoshop costs a lot of money, PaintShop Pro somewhat less but GIMP is a free, open source program that mimics a lot of Photoshop's functionality. All programs will allow you to quickly convert your PDF files.
* Open your PDF file.
If the file is multiple pages, you are given the option to load them as Layers or Images. Select Images so that each page opens as a separate image file. If you select Layers, it will be difficult to convert the entire PDF document.
* Save/Export each image as a JPG.
In Photoshop or PaintShop Pro, click File and select Save As. Select JPG as the file type. You can then choose the quality that you would like to save the JPG as. For GIMP, click File and select Export. Choose JPG from the dropdown menu of formats. Choose the quality of the JPG you want to make.
Repeat this for each of the individual pages.
← You wont believe what this guy did when he saw a thief in his house!


Perfect as a potion sweetener, or just to enhance your green glow, our goblin mucus soap contains only the finest responsibly-sourced ingredients. Our unique blend contains 92% pure sneezed goblin mucus, along with scrapings of fermented ear wax. A dash of phlegm will leave your skin looking and feeling absolutely hideous – just the way you like it. Reported side effects include ringing in the ears and monobrow.
Handmade soap bar with an olive oil and jojoba scent.
Part of our Soap & Gory range – because every creature has the right to remain ugly!


The cross-cultural exhibition will remain open for one year in Mariinsky Theater II.
Library of Congress showcases Russian impact on 20th century American arts and culture.
The theater raised the curtain on the exhibit, titled "Russian Influences on Music and Dance in America," Dec. 14 during the St. Petersburg International Cultural Forum in collaboration with the U.S. Library of Congress and D.C. based Carmel Institute of Russian Culture and History at American University.
The audiovisual exhibition includes 13 separate segments exploring three themes: Russian Dance in America, Russian Music Translated into American Popular Culture and Russian Music in America. Visitors can watch parts of Diaghilev and Balanchine ballets or Walt Disney's animated jazz fantasy "Bumble Boogie," based on the 19th-century composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's "The Flight of the Bumblebee.".
The exhibit uses clips from films, television programs, videos and recordings from the incomparable collections in the Library of Congress's Packard Campus for Audio Visual Conservation.
The creation of the exhibit can be posthumously credited to Mstislav Rostropovich (1927-2007), a famous Russian cellist and conductor and fighter for human rights who lived in America from 1974 until the Soviet Union collapsed. He was the music director of the National Symphony Orchestra in Washington D.C. from 1977-1994.
In 1997, Dr. James Billington – the Librarian of Congress from 1987 to 2015 – interviewed Rostropovich for "The Face of Russia" TV mini-series. Some of this footage is included in the exhibit: Rostropovich conducting the National Symphony Orchestra at Wolf Trap (1985) performing Dmitri Shostakovich's Symphony No. 5.
Billington, who served as the 13th Librarian of Congress for 28 years, was a professor of Russian history at Harvard and enthusiastic about Russian culture, a trait he carried into his tenure at the Library of Congress. He knew that Rostropovich had wanted to make an exhibition that explored the interconnectedness of Russian and American music and dance, but it had not come to fruition.
While working jointly on a separate event for Library of Congress in 2012, Maestro Valery Gergiev, Artistic Director of the Mariinsky Theater, Susan Carmel Lehrman, Founder and Advisory Committee Chair of the Carmel Institute of Russian Culture and History and Dr. James Billington, engaged in an in-depth discussion of Rostropovich's idea. The result is this exhibit.
Finding a new, artistic home in the U.S.
Forbidden to freely practice their art and music in Imperial Russia after the 1917 Revolution, many chose to bring their culture and talents to a place where they were not only accepted, but celebrated: America.
The Music Division in the Library of Congress includes the personal papers of many émigrés from the Russian Empire, including Sergei Rachmaninoff, pianist Artur Rubinstein and the great musicologist Nicolas Slonimsky, whose "Thesaurus of Scales and Melodic Practices" influenced groundbreaking American jazz and rock composers such as John Coltrane and Frank Zappa.
1 Apollon Musagète ballet – music by Igor Stravinsky, choreography by George Balanchine, was commissioned by the Library of Congress in the 1920s. Excerpts of the work, performed in 1966 by the New York City Ballet, are intermixed with clips of Stravinsky conducting a recording of the score, Balanchine discussing the score with Stravinsky and Balanchine rehearsing the ballet with dancers. The clips are shown along with a holograph of Stravinsky's manuscript score from the Library of Congress Music Division collections.
2 "Bumble Boogie" (1948) – the jazz version of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's "The Flight of the Bumblebee," as animated by Walt Disney studios for the film "Melody Time." This orchestral interlude is a part of the fairytale opera "The Tale of Tsar Saltan" (1900), where a prince is instructed by a swan to turn himself into a bee in order to search for his father.
3 "Tschaikowsky (and Other Russians)" is a song by Kurt Weill and Ira Gershwin, from the musical "Lady in the Dark" (1941), as performed by Danny Kaye in a 1981 recreation. The lyrics feature the names of 49 Russian composers, strung together into a show-stopping, tongue-twisting song.


The high shear rate environment of gravure requires very low viscosity, fluid inks. The problems associated with low viscosity such as spilling, crawling, scumming and crazing, have hindered the development of UV-curable gravure inks. This led the researcher to study UV-curable gravure ink formulation. The effects of oligomer-to-monomer ratio and pigment dispersion loading on white ultraviolet (UV)-curable gravure ink film properties (surface cure efficiency, abrasion resistance, substrate adhesion, and ink film flexibility) were investigated. In this study, molecules normally used as monomers, in UV-curable systems, were selected as oligomers relative to the selected monomer, Glycerol Propoxylate Triacrylate (GPTA). The selected oligomers were, Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (TMPTA), Trimethylolpropane Ethoxylate Triacrylate (ETMPTA), and a commercially available oligomer, Commerical Product A, used in flexographic ink applications. The outcome of this research created a starting point for white UV-curable gravure ink formulation, which will be used in the researcher's family printing business. The results of the experiment showed that oligomer-to-monomer ratio did not have significant effects on surface cure efficiency, substrate adhesion, and ink film flexibility in the range from 70 to 90% oligomer concentration. Abrasion resistance was dependent on the type of oligomer. Using oligomer Commercial Product A, a soft oligomer, in combination with monomer Glycerol Propoxylate Triacrylate (GPTA), exhibited a decrease in abrasion resistance from 70:30 to 90:10 ratio. However, when using oligomers Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (TMPTA) and Trimethylolpropane Ethoxylate Triacrylate (ETMPTA), oligomer-to-monomer ratio had no effect on abrasion resistance within the same range. Titanium dioxide pigment dispersion loading on 70:30 ratio (TMPTA:GPTA) did not have significant effects on substrate adhesion and ink film flexibility. Surface curing efficiency increased to 100% (from 99.5% with no pigment present) with pigment loadings equal to about 20%, but would begin to slightly decrease from complete curing at concentrations exceeding 40%. A significant decrease in abrasion resistance, caused by increased friction, was observed at 20 percent loading. There was, however, an increase in ink film strength from 30 to 50 percent pigment loading. Developments in UV ink components and persistent research will most likely solve the issues of UV-curable gravure inks. This research opened up a wide array of research opportunities in UV-curable gravure ink formulation and taken a step towards creating an effective white UV-curable gravure ink.


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Теляшор — река в России, течёт по территории Усть-Цилемского района Республики Коми. Левый приток Адармы. Длина реки составляет 21 км.

Данные водного реестра
По данным государственного водного реестра России относится к Двинско-Печорскому бассейновому округу, водохозяйственный участок реки — Печора от водомерного поста Усть-Цильма и до устья, речной подбассейн реки — бассейны притоков Печоры ниже впадения Усы. Речной бассейн реки — Печора.

Код объекта в государственном водном реестре — 03050300212103000082493.

Примечания

Бассейн Шапкиной
Реки Усть-Цилемского района


Healthcare systems have much to learn from retail. While they have been laser-focused on delivering exceptional patient care on their primary campuses, they face an onslaught of new challenges as they embrace a retail strategy to expand outpatient services and their ambulatory network.
Retailers have long learned how to function and adapt to meet their customers' needs. Competition is fierce and there's no room for error when it comes to achieving success. Consumers are more informed, connected and empowered than ever before. Thus, retailers have perfected key traits such as branding, standards, speed-to- market, advertising, convenience and site selection. Healthcare systems have much to learn from retail. While they have been laser-focused on delivering exceptional patient care on their primary campuses, they face an onslaught of new challenges as they embrace a retail strategy to expand outpatient services and their ambulatory network.
As healthcare systems add retail locations to improve access, retailers view them as competitors only from a real estate perspective. Traditionally, retailers considered healthcare systems symbiotic partners that could potentially direct new customers to their store. However, in today's market, retailers are beginning to compete directly with healthcare providers as they add health services to improve access and reach a broader base. Walmart, Target, CVS and Walgreens are just a few that are adding services such as urgent care, lab specimen collection, and even imaging at both new and existing locations. Retail fitness centers are also providing preventive and wellness care to maximize their membership base.
These major retail stores and chains are often found in prime well-established locations with built-in traffic flow and volumes required to succeed. Healthcare systems are now competing with retailers to secure premium locations (i.e., the new corner of Main & Main) where before they only focused on their primary campus and immediate service areas. Competition is coming from all sides and in many ways.
Ambulatory locations, and more specifically primary care locations, are typically a loss-leader for healthcare systems and have been a vehicle to open new market doors and drive downstream specialty revenue and inpatient referrals. As such, business plans are extremely tight as healthcare systems look to minimize losses across ambulatory networks. Outpatient centers have traditionally been developed within medical office buildings (MOBs) or spaces dominated by other healthcare services. MOBs typically have an abundant supply of available space within any given real estate market. This fosters favorable real estate economics and lowers operational costs for the development of new healthcare space.
However, MOBs do not offer the best patient convenience and overall experience when compared to other retail options. Therefore, recent trends have seen healthcare systems focusing on ground floor space, shopping centers, strip malls and even pad sites for single-use facilities to provide an easily accessible and convenient retail experience. Unfortunately, these alternatives often come with a major price tag. An internal CBRE study across three major metropolitan markets shows prime retail space lease rates coming in, on average, 20% to 30% higher than comparable space within an MOB.
The required capital to develop this new space is also higher. Tenant improvement allowances are typically 15% to 20% lower and less core infrastructure is provided when compared to an MOB. These factors have a negative impact on new ambulatory business plans and increase the overall cost of entry as well as long-term operational costs.
Price point matters for consumers in the retail world and it continues to evolve in healthcare as well. The emergence of price shopping and transparency for insurance by consumers, whether through public or private exchanges or traditional products, is having an impact on how consumers are paying for and using healthcare. The most recent signals from the federal government indicate that shopping for insurance is on the rise. Also, dual working households are evaluating cost when deciding which spouse will carry the insurance for the family.
This is not necessarily a new trend, but with the increase in high-deductible plans, families have a choice and are scrutinizing insurance packages more closely. This is driving consumers' willingness to pay out of pocket and shop for insurance products that will balance out-of- pocket expenses with premiums. Price competition is making healthcare providers focus on efficiencies within their cost model or offer additional services that make up any revenue differences.
Retailers rely on robust analytic platforms to understand consumer behaviors, trends, patterns and opportunities. More data has been created in the past two years than in the entire previous history of the human race. According to SINTEF, 90% of the data in the world today was created over a two-year period and continues to evolve. Understanding how to use and apply this information is an even bigger challenge. Partnering with a healthcare data firm to mine consumer traits such as origin, demographics, payer mix and utilization rates is a key first step to any successful retail strategy.
However, the data alone is not the answer. The true value comes in its application. Healthcare systems must be able to incorporate analytic research into both their overall healthcare strategy AND their real estate strategy (short term and long term). This is where healthcare systems have a significant leg up on their new retail competitors. Retailers cannot rely on downstream revenue sources to support new healthcare endeavors, and they're slowly learning how complex and challenging healthcare delivery can be.
Standards and prototypes must be developed and implemented to ensure speed to market. Successful healthcare retailers cannot afford to second guess their strategic plan once it has been implemented. Don't get caught in the trap of customizing each location to appease provider preferences. Competition will quickly take advantage of any lost momentum and capture whatever remaining market share still exists. The best locations will disappear, consumers and patients will find alternate sources for care, and development opportunities will quickly be lost. Discipline is required. There's a reason that retail outlets are designed and branded in a specific way.
To compete in the retail space, healthcare systems must expand their traditional advertising channels to include social media. Increasing brand awareness and acceptance is more than just a Facebook page. Out-of- the-box thinking must be applied. More and more patients are relying on advice gleaned from the internet for everything, including their health. According to Software Advice, 77% of patients surveyed used online reviews as their first step in finding a new doctor. New healthcare apps and wearable devices are hitting the market every day. Wellness has become trendy as devices have become mainstream and social media has impacted how people track and promote a healthy lifestyle. Systems must ensure their retail strategies encompass solutions geared toward wellness as well as episodic care when ill or injured.
Even though price point matters, retailers have learned that consumers are very loyal if they're provided with exceptional services and superior outcomes. Studies have shown that 86% of consumers are willing to pay more for a better experience. And given that consumers are likely to have 65 times more retail encounters than healthcare encounters over the course of a calendar year and eight times more outpatient encounters than inpatient encounters, it's imperative for healthcare systems to invest heavily in customer experience and ensure consistency at all ambulatory and retail locations. Each positive customer experience will firmly reinforce the new retail brand and magnify downstream revenue opportunities.
And don't forget about virtual healthcare. It should also have a place in a system's strategic plan. Telehealth applications are beginning to impact consumer utilization and spending habits, similar to the effect of online shopping over the past decade. By 2018, it's estimated the number of patients using telehealth services will rise to 7 million. While virtual visits may not be covered by insurance, many consumers are opting for this route, regardless of the cost, due to convenience or access to care. An increasing number of patients are also finding that telehealth visits aid in managing chronic conditions and assist in reducing readmission rates.
As healthcare continues to move away from the central hospital and systems expand their footprint, organization leaders must embrace new technologies and approaches to care delivery. Unheard of in the past, patients are becoming savvy consumers that evaluate service, outcomes and price prior to selecting a provider. And, all the while, competition continues to grow. To remain viable, strategies must be creative, consistent and deliberate. Look to other industries and identify best practices that can be replicated in healthcare. Retail was just the first step. We can only imagine what lies ahead.


Massey PhD student Chris Muller with his award-winning Drone Ranger project.
Massey PhD student Chris Muller's drone-based solution is bringing innovation to wildlife conservation. He tracks his own entrepreneurial adventure from the ecentre at Massey University to taking out top prize from 90 entries at The Factory's Innovate 2018.


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Family of David Ordaz, Jr., killed by East LA sheriffs, demands justice
staff | Los Angeles, CA | 9/21/21
On September 18, the family of David Ordaz, Jr. held a march and rally calling for Mental Health awareness in honor of David, a 34-year-old father of...
TAGS: Centro CSO, David Ordaz Jr.
In split vote, Nabisco workers accept new contract offer, ending 39-day strike
staff | Portland, OR | 9/21/21
On September 18, more than 1000 members of the Bakery, Confectionery, Tobacco Workers, and Grain Millers International Union (BCTGM), who work for Nabisco...
TAGS: and Grain Millers International Union (BCTGM), Bakery, Confectionery, Nabisco, strike, Tobacco Workers
Dallas protest stands in solidarity with Palestinian political prisoners
Cassandra Swart | Dallas, TX | 9/21/21
On September 19, about 50 people gathered in Belo Garden Park in Downtown Dallas to support six Palestinian political prisoners who recently escaped from...
TAGS: Free Palestine, Palestinian political prisoners
Minneapolis referendum on policing: Vote No on Question 2
Freedom Road Socialist Organization - MN District | Minneapolis, MN | 9/21/21
Just last year, the halls of power in Minnesota shook when people answered the murder of George Floyd by rising up.
TAGS: Minneapolis elections, Minneapolis Uprising
SDS at Texas A&M demands takedown of Confederate statue
staff | College Station, TX | 9/20/21
On September 16, Students for a Democratic Society at Texas A&M University held a protest against the continued presence of a Confederate statue on...
TAGS: SDS TAMU
Climate Justice Committee marches to end Line 3 Oil pipeline
Tracy Molm | Minneapolis, MN | 9/19/21
On September 18 nearly 100 people rallied and marched to call for an end to the Line 3 oil pipeline.
TAGS: Climate Justice Committee, Line 3
Highway bannering keeps Palestine solidarity in focus
Wyatt Miller | Minneapolis, MN | 9/19/21
On September 16, thousands of rush-hour commuters on Interstate 94 saw banners with slogans like "Free Palestine," "End apartheid" and "End ethnic...
TAGS: American Muslims for Palestine (AMP-MN)
Fight for voting rights!
Freedom Road Socialist Organization | United States | 9/19/21
Ever since the Supreme Court conservative majority weakened the 1965 Voting Rights Act in 2013, Republicans and the right wing have tried to pass more and...
TAGS: Voting Rights
Tally 19 commemorate anniversary of arrests
staff | Tallahassee, FL | 9/17/21
On September 5, the Tallahassee Community Action Committee (TCAC) held an event in remembrance and solidarity for the #Tally19, a group of Black Lives...
TAGS: Tally 19
Pooch walk protests cop assault on Nikkita Brown
Anna McColgan | Chicago, IL | 9/16/21
Chicago, IL – On Sunday evening, September 12, a group of concerned Chicagoans and their dogs gathered at North Avenue Beach for a Pooch Walk to reclaim...
TAGS: Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression, Women's All Points Bulletin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The NSPM subspecialty certification examination will consist of 150 scored multiple choice questions and two-to-three clinical scenario items. The total time allowed for the examination will be 240 minutes, or four hours. The NSPM certification examination will not be computer adaptive. The passing standard must be met in order to be credentialed in the NSPM subspecialty.
Clinical scenario items (CSIs) are test questions that use clinical scenarios to assess the decision making capabilities of the examinee. The examinee is presented with a base clinical patient scenario and multiple possible actions to manage the patient. Through the course of the examinee's selections, additional information regarding the patient is provided. These CSIs add value to the examination experience by replicating a patient and nurse anesthetist's interactions.
The NSPM subspecialty examination will assess a nurse anesthetist's knowledge of needle placement in three anatomical approaches (i.e., midline, lateral, peripheral) and four anatomical regions (i.e., cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral), as well as assess knowledge related to the NSPM certification examination content outline. The NSPM certification examination content domains are listed below.
Please open the above PDF file to view the entire NSPM certification examination content outline.


Transition Inc. needs a second chance.
On Monday evening, David Tucker, the president of the nonprofit's board of directors, accused Executive Director Maylin Salado of stealing hundreds of thousands of dollars from the organization, nearly bankrupting it.
Salado began working for the group, which is focused on helping former inmates reenter society and the workforce, in 2013. She became executive director last April. Tucker declined to go into details on why he concluded there was theft, but said he believes it was more than $300,000.
On her LinkedIn page, Salado says she is a current student at Florida International University and expects to receive her bachelor's degree in public administration in 2020. She could not be immediately reached for comment.
According to a press release, the scheme involved the use of "false identities, check forgery, false documents, false corporate entities, and false claims" in order to steal money from the organization, the county and other partners.
On Feb. 22, Salado and the rest of Transition's staff were let go due to lack of funds.
Interim Executive Director Stephen Gilmore, the former workforce manager, has been with the company for three years.
"This is a very difficult situation that I'm stepping into right now, but I'm excited to serve our community," he said.
According to the release, Transition's main partner, CareerSource of South Florida, as well as city and county officials have declined to continue funding the organization until its internal audits and investigations have been concluded. Still, Tucker said the work will continue.
Gilmore said that this won't last forever but the organization needs help now.
He said though many of their clients have been in prison, they serve a larger community.
He said he hopes the community will help the organization stay open.


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Home Exploring Indigenous Political Frameworks within the United States, Alaska and Canada: A Comparative Look at Nation to Nation Relations and Economic Development
Exploring Indigenous Political Frameworks within the United States, Alaska and Canada: A Comparative Look at Nation to Nation Relations and Economic Development
Date(s) - Friday, December 3, 2021
Mr. Nathan McCowan is the President & CEO of St. George Tanaq Corporation, the village corporation formed for the Unangax people of St. George Island pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. He oversees both the business interests of Tanaq on-island (tourism & hospitality, bulk fuel distribution, land development, reindeer management) and off-island activities, primarily in U.S. federal government contracting (engineering, environmental services, base operations support, and design and publications). In addition, he serves on numerous boards and committees, including as chair of Alaska Native Village Corporations Association, which represents all 176 village corporations in Alaska, and he coaches youth sports teams for his two beautiful children. Mr. McCowan has earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Alaska and a master's degree from Harvard University.
This program is a part of the Evangeline Atwood Distinguished Speakers Series. Named after the the founder of the Alaska World Affairs Council, Evangeline Atwood, and with the generous support from The Atwood Foundation, these public programs feature world-class experts on a diverse range of topics.
We understand that many people are experiencing hardship due to economic uncertainty. For this reason, we've adopted a pay what you can structure for our virtual programs. Please register below by selecting the level of support you are able to give.
The lengthy suspension of our in-person programming will have a significant impact on the revenue that supports our work. If you would like to further support the Alaska World Affairs Council, please consider becoming a member or making a donation.