Plumbing Services in Perth | Plumbdog - Whistle & We Will Come!
We offer a full range of plumbing services in Perth, all of which are delivered by a team of highly experienced and fully qualified professional plumbers. Covering the entire metro area, our team is ready and waiting to swing into action at any time of day or night so if you have a genuine plumbing emergency, just pick up the phone and call us right now! If you would like to request a quotation for non-urgent repair, maintenance or installation work, we invite you to call us during office hours, to discuss your needs with one of our friendly plumbers.
Blocked drains are always a nuisance and if they are not attended to promptly, they could cause serious damage to your property. Fortunately, our team has a great deal of experience with drain unblocking in Perth so if you are having any problems with your drainage system, there's no need to worry: just get in touch with us and we will send a qualified plumber to your home or business premises without delay. Our emergency plumbers in Perth are experts in both commercial and domestic drainage systems so whatever your needs, we are sure to be able to meet them. As with all of our services, our drain unblocking services in Perth are competitively priced and all work is carried out to the very highest of standards.
Our phones are on 24-hours providing an emergency plumbing service to domestic and commercial customers in the metro area, covering leaks, gas plumbing installations, repairs to hot water systems in Perth and much more. Whatever the nature of your plumbing emergency, you can rest assured that our experienced team will be able to diagnose and fix it quickly and efficiently. All you need to do is to call the number provided, at any time, and let us know your location and the nature of the problem that you are experiencing. We offer a highly responsive emergency service to all of our customers and pride ourselves on our ability to meet a wide variety of needs at very affordable rates. We are, of course, always happy to provide accurate pricing information before we start work on repairs, ensuring that you never get an unwelcome surprise when presented with your bill.
Our experienced and knowledgeable gas fitters are qualified to install, repair and maintain new systems and appliances in commercial and domestic properties across the city. Our gas plumbing services in Perth are just as competitively priced as all our other services and because every member of our team is a certified professional, you know that the work we perform is guaranteed to comply with all relevant safety regulations. Whether you have a gas oven that is not working properly or you would like to find out how much it will cost to have a new gas BBQ installed in your back yard, please do not hesitate to call us whenever convenient. We repair and maintain all kinds of gas plumbing installations and can carry out gas pipe repairs too.
Although it is certainly possible to live without hot water for a few days, it's not something we recommend trying. If you have a problem with your hot water system and you would like to get it fixed as soon as possible, call and speak to a member of our team today. Our hot water specialists are skilled fault finders who can fix all types electric and gas hot water systems in Perth, as well as install brand new systems if required. In cases where the existing system cannot be repaired and the customer would like a replacement installed as soon as possible, we are often able to offer a same day service, ensuring any disruption to your hot water supply is kept to an absolute minimum. Get in touch now to discuss your hot water needs with one of our resident specialists.
If your property is plagued with inexplicable flooding or you can hear running water where there shouldn't be any, call our water leak detection experts as soon as possible. Damaged water pipes cost businesses and individuals hundreds of thousands of dollars every year, which is why we recommend attending to them at the earliest opportunity. Our highly trained and experienced plumbers carry an arsenal of advanced leak detection equipment, enabling them to quickly pinpoint the source of any type of leak and perform repairs in the shortest time possible. With a 100% success rate in tracing difficult-to-find leaks and rates that are among the most competitive in the industry, you know who to call when your water bill starts getting out of hand and you can't work out why!
In addition to all of the above mentioned plumbing services in Perth, we offer general plumbing services that cover everything from washing machine installation and fixing dripping taps, all the way through to gutter cleaning and burst pipe repairs. No matter what type of plumbing issue you are facing, our team of highly experienced professionals are capable of meeting the challenge and will always make sure that they leave your property clean and tidy once they have finished the work in question. Our friendly, efficient team of plumbers have many years of experience and are among the very best in the business so if you need a professional plumber that you can rely on completely, please do not hesitate to call or email us whenever convenient. We offer free, no-obligation quotations and expert advice, with the aim of making it easy for you to choose the best plumbing solutions for your needs.
If you would like further information on any of the plumbing services in Perth that we provide or you wish to request a quotation, call us today and let us show you exactly why we have so many loyal customers in the city.


HSV Audubon Field Trips and Bird Walks are a great opportunity to see and learn about what Nature has to offer. Explore trails in and around Hot Springs Village, with a knowledgeable and experienced group leader.
Unless otherwise noted HSV Audubon field trips and bird walks are open to MEMBERS ONLY. If there is room, members may bring a guest(s) after contacting the field trip group leader. No pets, please!
If you wish to participate in a Field Trip AND did not sign-up at the monthly program meeting, please send an email to the field trip group leader with the field trip date in the subject line. The trip leader will confirm the maximum group size has not been reached. If space is still available, you will be added to the group roster and be given information pertaining to meeting time and location, approximate trip duration, and items to bring.
plan on joining us next time.
Name that bird! - Our 4-session Bird ID Workshop is back by popular demand. Register now! Click photo for details.
Name that bird! Our 4-session Bird ID Workshop is back by popular demand. Register now! Click photo for details.
Beaver Dam Trail in HSV.
As part of the GBBC - Great Backyard Bird Count - we will survey most of the Village lakes. Waterfowl is the primary target, but all birds will be counted.
Popular destination with easy trail. Great spring wildflowers.
Twenty-one HSV Audubon members enjoyed a glorious fall morning at the Cooper Nature Preserve this Saturday. It was the first time for most of us to see the fine work done by the Nature Conservancy crew.
Although the birding started out slowly, we finished strong. A few had a quick, long distance look at a Bald Eagle. Most all had good looks at Goldfinches, male and female Purple Finches, a Hermit Thrush, Pileateds and both Ruby and Golden-crowned Kinglets. White-throated Sparrows were numerous. Of course we had the usual Chickadees, Titmice, Crows, etc.
Thanks to Barbara Baker for researching the mystery moss seen hanging from the pines across the river as a lichen commonly called Old Man's Beard. Possible we have a late season record in Arkansas for these birds.
Our search for the Painted Bunting was "mission accomplished" on our trip to Ed Gordon WMA. We had good looks at 1, 2, 3....wow...6 birds. More than we imagined were there.
Throw in close perching looks at a Yellow-breasted Chat and Yellow-billed Cuckoo and you have a fine Field Trip. Then a special bonus - on the way back we decided to take some cross country farm field roads. Tons of Red-winged Blackbirds and Cow Birds.
Then, all of a sudden 4 Northern Harrier hawks flying low and dipping and darting over the rice fields. Harriers should not be here this late, and it's possible we have a late season record in Arkansas for these birds.
Our late May Field Trip to the Buffalo River area was a great success. We had two out of three days with ideal weather- not bad considering what we have to put up with lately. Also not bad considering we had only 1 potential 911 call.
Fifteen of us met for lunch on Monday at the Ozark Cafe. We went from there to sightsee at Twin Falls (Triple Falls when the water is high) and then to the nationally famous Ruark's Bluff on the Buffalo River. We had some birds in the late afternoon but nothing remarkable.
We met Joe Neal early on Tuesday. For those of you who don't know Joe, understand that he is one of the best birders in Arkansas. We started off with a steep and curvy drive up a mountainside road in search of the threatened Cerulean Warbler. Our first stop included a short hike to a cliff's edge which is where our suspense began. Seventeen of eighteen of us made it to the cliff's perilous edge for a super panoramic view of the upper Buffalo Valley. Because it was a bit cool, our 18th member, a really good husband, went back to the car for his wife's jacket. After a bit we realized that the good husband had not returned.
Back at the cars we called, yelled and honked horns with no response. Imagination can run wild in a case like this but it is always best to stick first with the most likely possibilities. Yes, our good husband missed the trail and dutifully hiked up the road for more than a mile in search of his chilly wife. "Good husband" was eventually located, wife's jacket in hand, by one of our rescue parties. As they say, "all's well that ends well". And, yes, "good husband" got a big hug from his wife and we did see the Cerulean's.
We also had good looks at several other warblers, including Kentucky, Yellow-throated, Ovenbird, and American Redstarts. A Scarlet Tanager was a special treat. We also had good looks at Yellow-throated and Red-eyed Vireos.
Tuesday ended in Jasper with great food, even better company and an impromptu birthday party for one of our members. Our Wednesday plan to see the special birds and plants at Baker's Prairie in Harrison was washed out (what else is new) by an accurate forecast of 100% chance of rain.


text:
Hochul Lifts Mask Mandates on Mass Transit
Masked riders on the subway (Photo: Queens Post)
Sept. 7, 2022 By Christian Murray
The state's mask mandate for public transit has been lifted, Gov. Kathy Hochul announced Wednesday.
Hochul said the state will immediately end masking rules on subways, buses, Metro-North and the Long Island Rail Road. The new policy also applies to airports, for-hire vehicles, correctional facilities, detention centers and homeless shelters.
The governor said that while the masks are no longer required, their use should be encouraged. Signs will be posted on the subway and in transit areas that will promote mask use but make clear that they are optional.
Beginning today, masks are encouraged but optional on @NYCTSubway, @NYCTBus, @LIRR and @MetroNorth. pic.twitter.com/BMOea8nE67
— MTA (@MTA) September 7, 2022
"We have to restore some normalcy to our lives," Hochul said, noting that the masks are now optional.
"If you choose not to have a mask, it's your own risk assessment. You make your own determination but do not judge your fellow passengers on what their choices are."
Officials had stopped enforcing the mask requirement some time ago and people had largely stopped adhering to the rule.
The mask mandate was first put in place in April 2020 by Hochul's predecessor, Gov. Andrew Cuomo.
Masks, however, must still be worn in hospitals and adult care facilities, such as nursing homes.
Because it's bull$#!t September 14th, 2022
Why is the news saying covid is on the rise and now I don't have to wear my mask on the train?
Please! Give me a break September 8th, 2022
Javier September 7th, 2022
Good. Now maybe the thieves and animals hiding their faces under the cover of Covid, to commit crimes and abuse the elderly, can finally be exposed and be dealt with.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
MyU | Search | People | Departments | Events | News
Tim Roufs A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Index Table of Contents ~ a note on tenses ~ a note on style ~ Acknowledgements Introduction Vol. I: When Everyone Called Me Gah-bay-bi-nayss . . . Ch. 01 Early Life at Leech Lake Ch. 02 Bena Childhood Ch. 03 Canoe Days Ch. 04 Sioux and Scouts Ch. 05 Chiefs and Councils Ch. 06 Spring Move to the Sugar Bush Ch. 07 Maple Sugar Time,Skáy-go-mI-zi-gáy-wIn Ch. 08 Old Gardens and New Bark Ch. 09 Bears Ch. 10 Blueberry Time Ch. 11 Campfire Talks Ch. 12 Inbetween Time Ch. 13 Indian Medicine (under construction) Ch. 14 Mah-no-min-I-kay Gii-siss, "Wild Ricing Moon" Ch. 15 Moccasin Game Gambling Ch. 16 Lacrosse and Other Camp Games Ch. 17 River Life and Fishing Ch. 18 Winter Wood and Wigwams Ch. 19 Late-Autumn-Winter Camp Vol. II Thinking about Our World . . . Ch. 20 Winibozho and the Creation of the Current World Ch. 21 Tales of Hiawatha Ch. 22 The Windigo Cannibal and . . . of Gwashun . . . Ch. 23 Drums Ch. 24 Ni-mi-day-win: Come and Dance, Come and Sing . . . Ch. 25 Courtship, Marriage, and Living with the In-Laws Ch. 26 Self-Houses, Sweat Houses, and Bloodletting Ch. 27 Dreams and Visions Ch. 28 Power (under construction) Ch. 29 What's Behind the Sun?: An Indian Sermon Ch. 30 Midewiwin: Grand Medicine Ch. 31 An Indian Curing Ceremony Ch. 32 Spiritual Doctoring, Tipi-Shaking . . . Ch. 33 Medicine Men / Medicine Women Ch. 34 Messengers and Unusual Events Ch. 35 Fireballs, and The Shadow Man Vol. III: Living Amongst The Whites . . . Ch. 36 School Ch. 37 Jack Nason, "My Dad. My Step-Dad" Ch. 38 Finns, "The Sweatbath-Men" Ch. 39 Timber Days Ch. 40 Leech and Mississippi Forks Ch. 41 John Smith Wrinkle Meat Ch. 42 Talking with the Old-Timers . . . Ch. 43 Hunting and Snaring Ch. 44 Cattle, Horses, "Siouxs" Ch. 45 Churches and Missionaries Ch. 46 Treaties, Allotments, . . . (under construction) Ch. 47 North Dakota (under construction) Ch. 48 Uprise in the Indian Office (under construction) Ch. 49 White Medicine (under construction) Ch. 50 New White World (under construction) Ch. 51 Dying (under construction) Bibliography Song Interview Materials
When Everybody Called Me Gabe-bines,
"Forever-Flying-Bird":
Teachings from Paul Buffalo
Timothy G. Roufs (Ed.)
University of Minnesota Duluth
TR HomePage
a note on tenses
a note on style
orignal tapes information
"This project has been financed in part with funds provided by the State of Minnesota from the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund through the Minnesota Historical Society."
"This publication was made possible in part by the people of Minnesota through a grant funded by an appropriation to the Minnesota Historical Society from the Minnesota Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund. Any views, findings, opinions, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the State of Minnesota, the Minnesota Historical Society, or the Minnesota Historic Resources Advisory Committee."
(all TR courses and web pages)
Tales of Wenabozho
We camped as a group along the rivers and lakes. I often thought a lot about those times when in those camps I heard the old people talk and tell stories. The old stories of the Indians, which they told and used for lectures, was part of camp-fireside talk. To the younger generation the older class spoke these words. In the olden days we had campfires, and talks.(1) We didn't have TV. We didn't have radios.
This is an old story of that Wenabozho, the one white folks call Hiawatha.(2) Some of the old timers tell that he had a weapon -- like a gun -- and that he'd sweep the ducks off of the shore with that weapon. But in those days I don't think there was a weapon. The fact of that story is that I don't believe there was a gun. Still, some of them tell it different. Most generally in stories it's told different, and I heard some say there had been a gun. I heard it like that too. But I'm telling you the fact of the story as I see it. The story of ducks and ki-nik-i-nik reads:
Wenabozho was kind of a shrewd fellow. Wenabozho was shrewd, and he was very smart. He was all alone at the time. He'd cruise around, talking to trees, animals, birds, and talking to the spirits -- I suppose -- and to his folks. He had a Grandma.
He'd be gone hunting for days. He came to a river and saw a bunch of ducks there. Oh, there was a nice flock. There were all kinds of ducks. "Gee, how am I going to get these?"
Wenabozho said, "I talk to the animals and the trees and the birds. They understand me. I'm the one -- the living person -- that they talk to and understand. I'm just living with them, but I understand them too." He looked at the ducks. "I know what I'll do. I'll build a wiigwaam. I'll invite these birds in after I've built a wiigwaam. I'll invite them to a feast. I'll sing a song and they'll all come in and dance."
He built a wiigwaam. He got in his wiigwaam after it was made, and he built a little fire in the center, and there was smoke. Whaa-tah-nah!
He talked to the birds-- the ducks. "I want the ducks to come to my house. This is a special invitation to you ducks. I want to meet you in my wiigwaam. By meeting you in my wiigwaam you'll have a better understanding of life, a better way of life, and I will be glad to sing you some songs so that you may dance."
"Okay, quaack, quack, quack, quack, quaaack, quack, quack quack, quack, quaack."
They were all happy, and laughing, you might as well say. He went into the wiigwaam and started pounding on sticks and singing a song by the little campfire in the wiigwaam. And he was singing, "I want these birds to come and get acquainted." He was singing this Indian song and he was pounding out other songs. "When you come in and enter this wiigwaam," he said, "I want you to understand the rules. Obey my rules, as you're the visitor, and I'll tell you long stories. I'll tell you this and that. And you'll see that this is true by my songs. You'll hear songs, and you'll keep a-singing and a-dancing. But if you open your eyes, you'll have a mark you'll never forget. You're going to have red eyes if you open your eyes. Obey my orders, otherwise don't come in."
Oh they wanted to dance and sing some good songs. They all came in and sang; they were dancing around, squackin'. He would look for these green-heads. There was a pretty good bunch in there and he grabbed the biggest one, rung him in the neck, and threw him out of the wiigwaam. Well, he broke the neck.
"Quack."
He looked for another one, a good sized one. "Oh, geeze. I want to get enough so I can eat for a few days." He kept right on ringing.
The ducks noticed that he kind of quit singing. He was busy at something. And there was one duck in the bunch that peeked. He opened his eye a little bit. He saw what Wenabozho was doing. He saw him breaking those ducks' necks, ringing the necks of this duck and that duck. And the little duck that peeked hollared out, "Hey, open your eyes! Look what Wenabozho's doing to us. He's going to get us all if we keep on closing our eyes."
By that time the little duck that peeked was heading for the door and Wenabozho jumped up and he chased that duck all the way down to the lake, down to the frontage of the lake. He chased him down to that beach there and he gave that duck -- a helldiver -- a heck of a kick. Wenabozho gave him a kick and he said, "You're one of them that isn't going to be any good for anything in this coming world. You're one of them that's going to have red eyes. I told you you're going to have red eyes if you opened your eyes while I was singing in the wiigwaam. And you're going to be flat on your back, and they'll call you a 'helldiver.' You'll be good for nothing.(3) You go out into the world. We'll discard you."
So that's a helldiver, and we discard him to this day. The other ducks flew away and Wenabozho took what ducks he could get.
"Well, I got enough to eat anyway."
So he built another fire outside of the wiigwaam. He walked up the shore and cleaned the ducks. And he was tired. He had a pretty good location to fall asleep. "Well, I better build a fire here." He built a fire there, a good hot fire, and he piled on a lot of wood.
When he built the fire, he said, "Well, I will roast these ducks." He took sticks and shoved them in the ducks' throats, he took the guts out, and he put the ducks by the fire. He was roasting them, like a barbecue. He turned those sticks so they'd roast on both sides. You could see the grease running out. "Boy, I'll have something to eat. Oh boy, doesn't that look nice?"
He got sleepy. "Oh, it'll take quite a while before they cook through. I'll lay down and sleep."
He talked to himself. He talked to the back part of his human body. He said, "Hey, you're always giving me a warning when there's something in sight. You're always giving me pretty good warning. I want to sleep, so if any strangers come, you wake me up, eh? I'm going to sleep."
He was talking to his hind-end.
He was good and tired and was thinking about the good meal he would have. So he went to sleep, "Gee, it's good to rest."
A couple of Indians came paddling up the river. "What is that smoke there?"
One of them said, "Oh, that's old Wenabozho. That's the old Wenabozho. He's pretty shrewd and smart."
"Ha," the Indian said, "pretty shrewd and smart. He's got ducks a-roastin'. Well," he said, "we'll just take the ducks. We'll just take them. Oh, they're all cooked well through. Boy this is nice, but don't wake him up."
They took the ducks' legs and stuck them in the ground to make believe that they were under the ground baking. "They're tender." The Indians took those ducks and they left. "We showed him how smart he is."
Wenabozho woke up. "Oh, my ducks must be all right. Ohhh, now I have to eat. They must be well done."
He looked around and all he found was feet.
He talked to himself. He'd talk to himself, to his hind-end, just like he was talking to a different person.
"Did you know I gave you those orders to give me a warning?"
He went up and got dry sticks and piled them on the fire. Then he stepped over that flame. Oh, he was tough and shrewd. He was so mad, and the flame was just burning him on his legs. He straddled that fire just to be stubborn and mean. He straddled it to punish himself, to punish his hind-end for not warning when the strangers showed up and took his ducks. He was shrewd.
So he said to his hind-end, "Ha, I hear you saying 'chee, chee, chee.' You must be blisterin' pretty good."
He turned around and kicked the fire.
He was a tough guy, you know.
Afterwards he walked up through the woods and along the shore where there were willows, red willows -- that's kinickinik tobacco. He looked back at all this kinickinik that he walked through, and wherever his knees and legs hit, there was scabby looking blood on those roots and blood on those twigs. It was kind of scabby red. "Huh," he said, "my folks will come into this country and call that kinickinik 'tobacco.' They'll have a peaceful good smoke out of that."
And that's the way kinickinik was found. That's the secret of it. And it's scabby red like that today yet. When they heard that, the young folks -- while they were young -- never once thought they'd smoke. They thought, "We aren't going to smoke old Wenabozho's scales!"
So that is a history of the story of that kinickinik. And that is a history of those helldivers.
My grandmother used to tell us short stories. We have short stories and long stories. We have a short story, like the one about the raccoon.
I'll tell you about ay-sI-b^n -- the raccoon -- who is always searching for a meal, clams, life. In Indian we say ay-sI-b^n -- "ray-coon." That means he's searching for a meal; he's searching for clams; he's searching for life. aay-sI-b^n travels and samples everything. He clams.
You see, the animals years ago talked to one another, and they could understand one another -- they still do, I suppose.
The old raccoon was walking along the beaches of the big sea, Gitchee Gumee. The raccoon has always travelled in the spring of the year. The raccoon went along the shore seeking for food -- trying to seek food. He got aayss. We call aayss a seashell -- you know, a sea shell, $ayss.
And along the lake shore he came to a bunch of lobsters -- a bunch of those little crayfish -- and they'd hit for deep water every time he'd get up there close to them. Those lobsters -- crayfish -- are the ones with the pincers on them. They're saa-gaa-shii. saa-gay-shii is "one-with-the-pincers-on."
The raccoon saw a big crayfish head for the deep water. Raccoon said, "Oh, you're pretty smart, aren't ya. You're going out to the deep water where I can't get you. Well, I can get you if I want to. I'll play a trick with you. I'll play my part of it."
And this raccoon said, "I can not get next to these crayfish. I have to go and get some rotten wood."
So he went up to the shore and there was a rotten old wood pople laying there. Pople, in Indian, is ad-saa$-day. aa-zaa-I-dii means the pople. aah-saa-a-di mI-tIg is pople wood. That's pople, it's a tree, wood, aa-saa-dii mI-tIg.
So he got that rotten -- white rotten -- wood. He took that rotten old pople and chewed it up. He thought to himself, "Some of that rotten pople is white, so I'll put it all over my mouth and rub it on myself. It'll look like o-kwayg -- maggots. o$-kweg, it's "crawlers-in-a-group," crawling insects in a group. I'll play dead along the shore and those crayfish will come poke fun at me. They'll dance around because they can get by me without me touching them. That's what they'll think, but I'll get all I want to eat."
He put that rotten wood on his teeth. He put it all over. He put some of the rotten pople on his hind-end too. It looked like maggots on him. So he laid down there with all that rotten wood put all over him. And then he went to sleep. He went to sleep on a lake shore.
Pretty soon one crayfish peeked his head out, and pretty soon they all came. Those crayfish asked one another, "Is this guy sleeping?"
One crayfish came up next to the raccoon and said, "Oh, this stranger, this stranger we have, is sleeping. Let's poke fun at him because he's all played out."
"No," another one said, "he's dead. Look at the maggots in his mouth."
"Maybe he is dead. . . ."
And another one said, "Oh, let's have a wake and sing for him."
Before they sang they all examined him, "Oh, look at his mouth; it's full of maggots. He's been eating something."
"He's dead. He's got maggots. Look at his teeth. Look at his teeth; they're filled with maggots."
"Oh, those are maggots!! Oh, look at his hide!! All over him he's got maggots!!"
But that was that rotten wood he had in there. That was only white rotten wood.
"Well, we'll sing a song."
So they started a song, singing around him, "He's dead. aay-si-b^n gii-bIsh-ka, aay-si-b^n."
Those crayfish started dancing around there and they sang, "Mr. Raccoon has passed away. Mr. Raccoon will never come back." They all danced. They were all dancing. They danced and sang, "raccoon has died, ay'ssI-b^n, ay'ssI-b^n, ay'ssI-b^n," and, bang, bang, bang, bang, they'd hit the drum. They sang in Indian:
aay-si-baa-nay-yaa-naay,
aay-si-b^n, aay-si-b^n-ni-baay-nibaa,
aay-si-b^n, aay-si-b^n,
gii-bIsh-ka
And once in a while they'd pinch him. gii-bIsh-ka -- that means he's got a flinge on him when they pinch him. They'd take those big pincers and pinch him. And all of them would look for a flinge. Then they got up again. They gave it that singing again: "aay-si-b^n, aay-si-b^n, nii-bi-w^-kaa-go. aay-si-b^n, aay-si-b^n, nay-bish-kaaa, gii-bIsh-kaaa. Way$, ho, ho, ho." They danced around him.
They'd pinch him anywhere, so they could see if he would flinch. "Boy you're pinching me too much all over," raccoon thought. They'd pinch him anywhere they could pinch him. He was lying there sideways. They'd pinch him. He didn't flinch. Then they'd sing some more:
g^a-wiin wii-ka
gay-aaaaaaaa^-wInaa-maa-si
a-aay-si-b^n, aay-si-b^n
They pinched him again. This time they pinched him under the tail in the back end. "aay-si-b^n," one of them spoke, to see if he would answer.
"Oh, boy, they have awful pinchers to poke fun at me," raccoon thought. And that old raccoon thought, "It's pretty tough on me."
Sometime they pinched him too hard, and, he had to fight off saying "ouch." He didn't want to say "ouch" because if he did, they'd know he was alive.
Finally it got too rough for him. They pinched him too hard in the back, under the tail.
"Haay$$."
They pinched him too hard in the back end. You'd flinch too, if somebody pinched you in the hind-end. He twittered by the pinches of the crab. He flinged, so they knew he's alive. He got mad.
"aay-si-b^n, he's alive!!"
"He's alive!! gii-bIsh-ka!!"
"Boy, it's about time for me to eat," he said. After he got mad he jumped up. He just got up and made a swoop with his mouth. He got up just as fast as he could. "kiup, kuup, kup, kup. Kuup, kuup."
"Whiiiii-I$-ay!" They all hit for shore. When they finally hit the water, they stuck their heads out. They looked back.
He gobbled a whole bunch down. The raccoon's quick and he got his belly full right then. He had a good feast and he laid down and he said, "Mr. Raccoon isn't so dumb. You're the guys that have been poking fun of me with your pinchers all the time along the shore. I'll show you."
And that's how he got his beans. That's how he tricked them.
That's one story. We didn't have any TV. We had to have stories like that from the old people. It was nice to hear stories. Everybody laughs when they hear that. Oohh geeze that story's a laugh! Old raccoon always got quite a few laughs.
ahowi kwist!!(4)
I used to kind of believe those stories, the way they talked about them. I've seen things like that. If you're in the woods and hike around, searching for provisions for yourself, you know how Wenabozho and the animals worked. When you're walking along the shores you'll see these crabs -- lobsters, crayfish -- head for the deep water when you're passing by. They are smart. They're afraid that the raccoon will come along and grab them. He lives off of them. He tricked them that time.
With Wenabozho stories the kids just joked, laughed. They wouldn't learn much, but they generally learned something. They were told about the story of the frontier, and how hard it was, just to try to keep the kids in good humor. But . . . they would learn that with power -- power in talking, in respect, and in other things -- there is an answer. Stories build an example in the young people's minds. If they believe anything, then they'll be thinking when they go out into the world. See, there is an answer to anything. That's the way Wenabozho lived. He talked to the Great, he talked to the ducks, he talked to himself. Everyone has his own way of life. That's what that means.
From the story of the raccoon the kids will learn about the life they have to go through. They'll learn how to search, and how to hunt, and how hard it is to hunt. They'll find out that they have to learn the tricks to hunt. They have to know how to do things, because the water animals and the ducks and all that are tricky too. They have to learn, and these are stories about how to do things. They don't have to do it that way, but at least they'll know how hard it is.
There's another short story about the snake and the frog that we really liked to hear. The story is about a frog and how we got medicine, a medicine that doesn't grow here. It's a great medicine that'll take out the bite of a rattlesnake. I think it's in the west more. It was a story about how we found this great medicine. . . . We learned medicine from the frog. . . .
I asked an Indian -- the old Indian -- one time, how the Indian knew about that medicine we call "snakeroot" -- wii-káy$. I was always full of questions in my young days, and I asked the old timers, "How does this Indian know that stuff was so great -- so great?"
The old man said, "They watch the nature -- the nature of the seasonal animals. They watch the nature, what they do. The animals go through those plants; they're always moving through where that stuff grows. So what they need, they know. That's nature. They're meditating themselves too -- some way, you now. They're taking tonics and everything.
There was an Indian one time in the west, where there's rattlesnakes. There was an Indian where they also had frogs -- in the west part of Minnesota, maybe. They were riding horses them days. This boy was riding along the prairie trying to find medicine by the nature of the animals. He'd watch them. One time he stopped a while, probably to fill his pipe.
And he heard a darndest noise. He said, "something sounded like a frog." He looked, and he saw a frog get bit by a poisonous snake -- a rattler. Here was a rattlesnake who just let go of a frog. And he was watching that. The rattlesnake had been disturbed, and crawled away for a distance. The Indian probably was ready to shoot it, but the rattlesnake let the frog go.
And the Indian was sitting there watching. It was years ago. He was watching that frog. "I wonder what he'll do now. He got bit." He was watching it, waiting for it to die or something. The boy sat there and watched. The western boy just sat there and watched the frog. So the frog came to. He started moving his leg all right. And the frog hopped over. It was a big frog, I suppose. It hopped over to a certain place. He saw that frog dig. This frog went and dug in the ground, and put a root in his mouth, and chewed it.
In the meantime, the snake went away. The snake had struck at him already.
The frog chewed the root, and then he put it on his leg. The frog took that root and chewed it, by some method. I mean he chewed some of the vegetation of the root, or some part of it. He chewed it, then he took it out of his mouth and put it on the wound. It draws the poison out. That's supposed to kill that poison of that bite. It disinfects. Then he sat there.
In a little while the frog began to hop around pretty good.
See, he got well out of this root.
That's how the Indian found that medicine. . . . We watched nature. . . . It's a great medicine of some kind. It's a great medicine. There's two, three, kinds, but I was asking about this special medicine, the great medicine that'll take out the bit of a rattlesnake. They used to have that, and they take the poison right out with this stuff. There's two, three kinds, see. How do they know that? That's the way the Indian finds out about medicines. They watch the nature -- the old timers did -- and that's how they learn a lot of good medicine. We know lots of stuff that works. That's how we learn. We practice stuff we see. A frog, if it's a pretty good size, would tell -- it would almost tell you -- what he's doing.
We knew that you always learned something by watching nature, and by listening to the lectures by the old timers. So when we were young fellows we used to sit together talking, telling stories about what we heard, and about what the old timers practice. And we were studying hard how we were going to go along in this world. And we talked about what we would do when we got a chance to practice when we were older boys.
"Yea," my friend said one time, "you hear a lot of stories." He said, "There's a lot of stories about the animals that we practice on. I'll tell you something what we seen. I'll still do it now." He said, "Well, we got one toad one time, a pretty good sized toad. And we took some tobacco. It was plug tobacco them days. We took that plug tobacco and put a piece of that plug tobacco -- oh, as big as a fly -- on a piece of straw. Then we held it over this toad. He's setting there watching. And we studied it. And that little speck on the end of the straw would go by his head. We were testing it."
"Just that quick it looked like a little spear came out of his mouth, and he nabbed that tobacco."
They were telling that. I heard them tell that.
"And we watched him for a while to see what he was gonna do. So the frog, or toad," I think it was a toad, "they do that. All at once he'll reach down with his hand, he'll put his hand down his throat, he'll wiggle a while and pull that tobacco out."
And they laughed, you know, to tell how comical that looks. Well, toads can help themselves. They're pretty good at it, with those front hands. He didn't like that tobacco. He probably was getting sick on it. Then he reached down, and pulled it out.
The old timers use to tell that too. They'd laugh. Especially while making hay on the meadows, while taking a rest, or taking a "five" around the campground, this party will see what this fish or frog will do . . . or any animal. That's quite a trick. And then they study how the toads could help themselves. They must have a mind. They must have a way of doing things to help themselves with those front, short arms. Why are there fingers on there? See? They have four and five fingers. They can handle them just like a person. That's what they thought; they wanted to see that hand work. I don't know! I've heard that quite a few times.
"They do it," one old timer said. "They'll think that plug tobacco's a fly, and they'll nab it quick. Then they'll sit there a while and then wiggle. They don't like the taste of it. They'll start to get it out. They'll push it back, and reach in their mouth."
A lot of things you hear, you know. But they study that, and then they'll laugh.
They learn things from it. That's the only way they learn. See, I'm speaking of that frog of the old stories that went to that special root and then put that on its wound. And he got all right. The Indian watched it 'til the frog hopped away. He watched it just for a few minutes there.
That root we now call "snakeroot" -- wii-káy$. We picked that root up from the west. The Siouxs think the world of wii-káy$ because it keeps rattlesnakes away. The Sioux have a lot of rattlers out west where they live.
Many things we find out like that. Many times we find out a way of doctoring one another by watching the nature of the animals.
There's another story about aa-k^k-o-gíiss -- the woodchuck. The kids like that story.
A woodchuck one time had been with her young ones for a long time. The woodchuck always protects her little ones. She had three to care for all summer. At the end of the summer she told the young ones, "I have the bed all made for the winter. You better go in and sleep now. The winter is coming. There's going to be a big blizzard coming. You stay here for the winter."
So the little ones went in to go to sleep for the winter. And they stayed there for the winter. A big blizzard came. Everything plugged up with snow, and snow plugged the doorway.
While she was sleeping amongst her babies the mother woodchuck thought, "Oh, the babies are big enough now to go out into the world on their own. They will leave me soon and go out into the world. Ya, I'll be old, and the young ones will be gone. They'll be making their own life and a family. I won't know where they are; it's such a big country. Hmmm, I don't know what to do. I hate to lose them. But it's the general nature that young ones eventually leave. When the little ones leave the mother, sometimes they come back, sometimes they don't." She was lying there thinking. And she began worrying that she was going to lose them.
Well, she fell asleep. The winter months passed around. The months passed along as she plugged the doorway. The big blizzard also plugged up the doorway on the outside.
Toward the end of the winter months the little ones were moving around. They were playing around, scuffling there and scuffling here. The little ones wouldn't behave. They kept squirming around in the den. They were playing, but the mother woodchuck wanted to sleep some more.
One of them stuck his head out and there was a blizzard. "Oh boy. Uh ah," he told the others, "the winter months are just going by. The winter days are just going by. Snow is flying towards the south, and the south is reversing to the north, and the snow is bearing down. It's damp out."
So the little ones laid back down to sleep.
The last of the winter months passed along, passed along.
The three were getting to be quite large little woodchucks.
Later on a big hot sun came along. Spring had arrived, and the old woodchuck knew that spring had arrived. But she didn't want her family to leave her, so she tried to tell her family to stay put. She told them to stay with her until the leaves got bigger, so they could feed. She kept telling them that.
The little ones just sat there, and the mother fell asleep again. Later on she woke up again. She had enough sleep, and she was getting pretty hungry. She got up and said, "Oh boy, this month we have nice green grass out there. But you little ones stay here." The mother said, "You little ones stay here. The snow is still deep in spots, you'll get your feet wet. I'm going out to get something to eat."
So she went out and started eating on the leaves and green grass: chup, chup, chup, chup.
She was eating all the greens she could get a hold of. She filled up. "If my little ones get out," she thought, "they're going to leave me. I better tell them, 'Oh, the storms are coming again. The snow storms will be here again,' because I hate to lose them."
And every time she'd go out, the little ones would say, "I'm going out too."
"No," she said, "I'm going out to test the weather to see how the grass is coming, and how the leaves are coming. You stay here now."
"We know what we'll do," said one of the little ones, "she'll come back and go to sleep in the den, and we'll examine her mouth. Maybe she's eating something."
Finally she crawled back in. The old mother finally came back and went to go to sleep in the den. She had her belly full. Boy!, her belly was just full. "Hey," she said, "boy it's an awful blizzard outside! Winter isn't over yet. You better stay a while." She called them and told them about the snow storms that were coming, but she had a little grass in her mouth she didn't wipe out. She told the kids, "When I tell you to go, you go."
She was able to fool them because under the ground it was cool, even though outside it was warm. She tried to keep them in there half of the summer. They were starving to death and they wondered what she dragged in. What she did drag in she put a little hay on top of.
Before she went to sleep she told the young ones, "Look in my head and see if you can see anything that's crawling." The old lady told them, "Look on my head. See if you can find any fleas or anything on my head." As they were scratching around on her head she fell asleep. The old lady went to sleep.
All three looked and they found a flea or so. In the meantime the old lady was asleep, snoring. They were looking around on her head and the big one said, "Hey, look it here! Look it here!" They opened her lips and there was all green grass in there. "I know what," one of them said, and she opened her mother's mouth again, "look there. Mother's got greens in her teeth. There must be green grass somewhere out there."
"Hey, where did she get that green grass? She's got green leaves and everything in her mouth. Here we're hungry, waiting for the green to come out."
The little ones kept squirming around, playing in their tunnel under the ground. The little woodchucks stayed there, playing in the dens. Finally -- finally -- they got wise, these little ones. "Where does mother go so long for?" Then all at once one of them said, "Hey, let's investigate why mother tells us, 'Do not leave.'"
"I think there's a current of warm air coming from somewhere."
They took a peek outside. Sure enough, it was just as green as could be, and the grass was tall. "We're big enough to take care of ourselves. Let's take a peak outside." One of them finally said, "I'm going out to see if it's time to get out into the world. I'm going out. Hey, spring is here! Let her sleep. Let's sneak out."
And they sneaked out.
They went outside. They climbed up a tree and picked pople leaves. They tried everything. Oh, the grass was green, the birds were flying, and all the other woodchucks were just lying in the sun having a good time. Oh gee! Oh, the leaves were big and the little woodchucks could go eat the vegetation. They had all kinds of food.
"Let's not go home again. She'll lock us up. She doesn't want us to go."
"She was fooling us. She wouldn't let us out," they said. "Now we go out amongst the others. Now we have to make our own living. We're going to eat leaves," they thought. "We're going to eat leaves."
They left home. They wouldn't say a word. They wouldn't talk to her. They roamed around and earned their own living, and they left. They got fat, and they were on their own. That's how they got away from her. They left their mother and went off to join the other families of woodchucks. They went out into the world to find their own provision. They didn't need a mother around any more, but they said, "We'll come back and visit mother sometime."
Mother got up. She woke up and the little ones were gone to provide for their own. She woke up, and said, "Where are the kids? Oohh, . . . they're gone out on their own now." Then the mother was all alone again. So she sat lonely all the time. She ran around all over looking for them, but they had gone into the world, searching for their own house.
One time, years later, when she struck off, she found some big woodchucks. She thought she had folks over here on the big point, where she was, so she asked them, "Where you from?"
They looked around, and they recognized her. They said, "Look at our old poor grandma." These that left had families and she got to be grandma. And she was happy to see her grandchildren.
That's another story we would tell the young. That's comical. But that's what happened. Those stories were examples. It's the same history with people. That's the same thing in people. People are just like animals. This story got the youngsters interested in the fact that they don't have to stay at home and be restless. See, the mother woodchuck is tired of them. She knew they would go out. She knew they'd disobey her, because that's the animal way of life. They go out on their own, good and hungry, to search for some of their own food. Otherwise she would have to be just like the bear. She'd have to throw them out to go on their own support. She didn't tell them anything about how to find their own provision of their life, but when they saw the hard way of that, they learned. They learned the hard way.
The kids would get to thinking when they heard that story, and they'd laugh. They learn from that. The children would ask themselves, "Why did those woodchucks say, 'I have to learn to provide for myself?'" That's what the story is for. It's for example. If they want to stay in the den, they won't make it. They'll starve if they stay in the den. It'll be a long time before the old woodchuck takes anything in there for them, when she can get all she wants outside. When they hear that story the little ones think, "Why don't I get out and try?"
The bears do that too.
Ya, the story you imagine is just like TV. The way the old people tell them to you, you could see the picture of it -- if you sit and listen. But if you want to talk back, you aren't thinking. We learn from the expression of the old people, for example, and we think about their points. That's why we like to hear old people talk. We wonder why they say this. Then after all is over, we see why they told us those stories. It's for a perfect understanding of life, not only for your own good, but also for love to children. All animals and everything have little ones.
That's quite a story.
You never know when they invented those stories. Maybe it was four thousand years ago. Who knows? There were animals; there were people then. You don't know when they invented these stories. You don't know. What came first, the animals or the people? How did the bear get here? What was he before he was a bear? That's one question there.
How did he come? Where did he come from? He's built like a man, and a man's built like a bear. So who came first? Who knows? There's something to that. They're built like people. Some animals are built like people. They have muscles.
I got a bear once. I got about a two-hundred pound, three-hundred pound, bear. I got him way out in the woods, in the wilderness where he lived on a few berries -- strawberries and blueberries. We took that meat home. I took the bear home. After I got the hide off, he laid there. Somebody said, "It looks like a person."
Telling stories is a good pass time in the winter. We never told stories much in the summer because the old folks had other work to do. But in the winter, telling stories was a good pass time. The old folks had all kinds of stories to tell while teaching the younger people.
Another one of our favorite stories was the one about the crows and the big fish.
This is a story about the Indian. Once upon a time there was a couple on some land -- on high land. They figured they'd go on a canoe trip of some kind, for which they made up plans. For this canoe trip the man said, "We'll take the two little children." And the woman said, "All right. We'll take enough food to go. We may strike some island in this big sea and we may find something. We might find something different on another island. We may find some other people in this area. We may find some of our people that might understand our language, or maybe not. They will learn from us."
So they struck off out on the sea. This is not the Great Lakes -- not Gitchie-Gumee, Lake Superior. It's the ocean. I often thought about these storms and waves, because when the sea got rough, it was really rough.
They paddled, and they sailed, and they drifted along. The birch bark canoe floats like a duck over the waves -- coasting along, drifting along. They were wondering if they could come to islands or other seas. And they drifted out. They got lost out there in the fog. They kept paddling right into the waves, but they couldn't resist the waves, so they turned around to come back.
All at once it turned kind of dark, and one of them looked back. The woman looked back. She said, "Father, look back." And the father looked back and saw water shooting up. Something was following them, and it was getting pretty close. As it raised out of the water they could see that it was black -- dark. It opened its mouth.
She said, "Throw in some of the lunch we have for our trip."
They threw in the lunch, and they threw in different things. He threw in his birch bark dishes -- his dishes they ate food on. He threw every one of them in, but the animal came ahead more. Boy I'll tell you! Every time they threw something in, that would slow it down a little, but it kept following them. So finally they didn't have anything in the boat to throw in. Finally the man said, "I can not throw in my knife." They didn't have anything else to throw in the water to offset this animal that was following them, so it kept coming closer.
The mother said, "We still have our children, but we can't do anything. He gets closer all the time."
The big animal of the sea came closer and closer. "The only thing we can do," he said, "is to wait and see what happens."
And just that very moment they found a shade going over them. And that shade came down on the boat -- the canoe -- which they had. The first thing they knew they were passing through a small channel. They went through that channel, and when they got through that channel they came into a big room -- it seemed room-like.
They asked one another, "What are we going to do about our children?"
"There is nothing we can do. Stay with them. We're lost. We can't paddle. We can't move out."
The man said, "I still have a knife."
"OK, but we're captured by this big sea animal."
It was chi-gáy-i-go -- the biggest fish. It's the biggest fish there is. That was -- you might as well say -- a big whale they ended up in. This big sea animal was a big whale. It was his water they saw shooting up. It was one of the biggest whales there was in the sea. It must have been as big as a house. It was big.
They traveled. They traveled with speed and they rocked and were rolling. That whale kept traveling and floating around from one place to another under the water at the bottom of the sea. They could hear the heart thrump in the big animal. The man said, "I hear a thrump of the heart somewhere. There must be a life somewhere in this big animal. It is a big room, a very empty place; there are different parts of the animal."
You can walk in this big whale-animal, and he did. He saw a big heart, and he took his knife and cut the heart. Just that minute that heart thrumped and dropped.
"What's happening?" the woman said. "He is struggling."
"I think I have done damages to this big animal."
So everything was quieting down. Later on, this animal came to the surface of the water. It was floating along for many days. They floated and floated, drifted and drifted. They got hungry there, so they took a nip of the oil of the fish. They took a nip of that great animal whenever they got hungry. This oil of the fish was great; it kept them alive. . . .
It was maybe like cod liver oil. The fish is a great help to you, and cod liver oil is a great help.
. . . That's a testing. So, never be afraid of fish. Respect fish.
They floated along and floated along -- for many days they floated. They didn't know where they were going. Finally the waves pushed this great thing somewhere. It was a big wave that had pushed them on high land. So there they were.
But they couldn't get out of the big animal. They couldn't get out, so they had to stay locked in. They didn't know where to get out. It was a big-tonned animal -- a fish weighing many tons. So in this animal they slept. One morning after they had been there a long time, they woke up and heard a thump on the top. The woman said, "I hear something pounding. Is he coming alive again?"
"Can't be," the man said. "I did damage to this great sea animal. But they heard tap, tap, tap again. It seemed like the heart was coming alive. "Well, maybe it can be," the man said. "Even though I have done damages on the animal we may see life again."
One morning they heard a tap again, and there were many taps this time. When the many taps came they saw a little light coming from above. And the light of the ceiling got bigger and bigger. She said, "If you can go up there, probably you can make that light bigger with your knife." He had to get up there to see where he was at. He got up there somehow. He climbed up there. He got up there and made a couple of slashes.
He stuck his head out and there was a crow there. There were several crows flying around. This crow tapped the hole and showed him the light -- where to come to for the light. There were many crows that were eating on that hole of the fish. He cut the hole big enough for him to get out. He pulled out his family. He pulled out his wife and kids. They were on land and sea. There were many crows and wild animals on this land.
They looked, "Isn't it a great, beautiful country we entered? There must be some people here that we could find. Look at the vegetation, look at the berries, look at all the plants -- we can live on this land."
So they went along on this land and they saw wild animals. There were different animals, but all he had was a little knife. He was able to find rocks, and he got so good with his little knife that he was able to make himself a bow and arrow.
He raised a family and finally he met other people. They continued on as they made it along in this world and met people later on. They met some other couple when they were on the coast, and they began talking . . . and understood one another. And they raised families.
The other Indians they met as they went along came from the same tribe, but they lost their language. They came from along the new coast, from along the coast of this island. They came from the West. And the one's in the boat came from the East. They couldn't understand one another at first, but by traveling with them, by making motions and learning the way, pretty soon they learned what they meant when they talked to one another. The ones that were in the big fish came to have a great life in this country.
Eventually there were "floaters" that also came in.(5) "Nice country here," they said.
"It has to be, there was no way of getting out. There is lots to do. There is lots for us to do here. We have to bring our children forth and make them understand how hard it is to find a betterment for all."
They love it here, and they earned it. If they dissolved in the fish they wouldn't be here -- but, thanks to the crows, they didn't.
That's all. That's the end.
We used to say, "Grandma, Grandpa, tell about that story again." Boy that's an old story. That is an old, old story. And I like that story in life. I just enjoy it. How hard it was for the old people when they were young compared with their children now-a-days.(6) Just think. That's the only means of entertainment that we had. There was no radio; there was no television. When they were telling stories you could just see the picture.
A lot of Indians told that story. Chii-no-dIn, "Big-Wind," "Big-Storm," -- Katie Buffalo, Henry Buffalo's wife -- told me that story. And my mom told that story too. Then I had an uncle -- Henry Buffalo -- who would tell it. Other old people told me too. My grandma, M^-gíid, Margaret Buffalo -- Old Lady Henry Buffalo -- was an old lady when she told that. She was about eighty years old when she told it. That's how it was passed on. That was a great story. They'd all tell us about the big sea lion -- that's what we called the big fish that was chasing them -- and how the people came here to live.
I heard this story lots when I was a young boy, but the first time I paid any attention to what it meant was when I was seventeen. Gee that's something to think about. Many years ago -- maybe -- that was passed on. What I mean is many years ago, when they went by waters and land. There was no air travelling, no big boat traveling. That's the way they travel. That's quite a book, you know. Ya, I kept that in my head a long time.
We don't know where the people in the fish came from. But that's the story. It sounded like they were in some new country, on some island, or in some other country. In those days there were Indians all along the ocean. They were crossing the sea with the canoe, looking around to see what they could find. And we don't know where they landed. All I know is that where they landed was along the coast of the ocean. It was somewhere along the coast of the ocean. We can't tell exactly where Wenabozho and all of them played the grounds on the lakeshores. This is a story of it, and it was a hard life to get there. Wow! They end up on this island, looking around to seek a betterment. This country was better. They ended up here. That's it; that's the point. That's a story.
That's just a story I'm telling you, that the old people used to tell about. It was just a campfire talk by the older class to the younger generation. But the old people always used to listen in too. That was a good story. Some of them newcomers coming in didn't hear that story before,(7) but when our story-tellers told it, they thought it was great. After a story we felt good. They would say, "For betterments we better keep it that way." We liked campfire talk.(8)
From that story we learned how hard the father and mother had to work to get a betterment. We learned what hardships we had, and how we had to learn to do our best to find our way. We learned that we should never give up, that we should stay right with 'er. Something is better all the time. You suffer for what you get. That's what it means; you suffer for what good you want. If you suffer a few days -- thirty days -- you get repaid. They got a big pay. They got repaid by the fruit of the island, the fruit of this country. It was tough going. We learned that you can't get anything for nothing. You have to suffer for it. You have to work for it. On that voyage, when they were coming, they didn't know whether they were going to make it, but it seems like they got help somehow.
The crows helped. Crow is ahn-dayg. He's the first one that will pick along the coast. He's the main channel of life. Their flocks go to wherever something is going on, wherever something is wrong. And whenever there's danger, the crows cried. You disturb a flock of crows and they'll make a lot of noise. Something is there that isn't supposed to be there. The crows are not good for anything, but they were always there. They tapped. They warned. So now we all love crows. They clean up the dirt.(9) The crow is a big thing. He can not be eaten, but he cleans the country. He's got the black clothes on like that. Crow, black feathers. They repaid the crows for helping them. The crows showed them the light. So wherever there are people now, sure, they don't eat the crows. We respect the crows. The crow is the big thing that'll clean the country.
Boy, that's a dandy story! We think a lot of stories like that. That's the only means they had to teach us to go forth. That story taught us about the hardships we have to suffer, and to stay right with it, go right through with it, and you'll make it for betterment -- if you're looking for a betterment. And that story taught us that you have to try hard for a betterment.
How hard they had it to stay in the big sea animal. They thought they might as well stay in there -- until the crows came and tap-tap-taped some more. Oh, it's a story -- just a story; they're fairy tales you know.
But that story was interesting for the kids. And we used to say, "Grandma, Grandpa, tell it again." It's good for the kids to hear that; then they grow up, and they remember that. We had lots of stories and campfire lectures. Some old people would often be talking about their experiences of life and what they heard. That's the way we studied about life. Life was a hardship -- sometimes. Maybe it wasn't easy, but we made it easier by thinking about these stories. That's the way we used our head. We look back and we look ahead. We have two sides to look. If you look ahead only, you won't make it. Look only sideways, then you'll cross. Now-a-days look back. Did you make it better? We're looking for betterment all the time. Where are we going to find it? We have to look hard. We have to study hard by lectures, by experience, by studying what's behind us. Maybe there's something better ahead -- better weather, or something. When we see something better we feel good, and when we see something bad it makes us feel bad.
In those days the air was pure. We had fruit of all kinds, and animals. We talk to the animals. We were able to talk to the animals. We would thank the Great: "It is Yours that You handed down for us to eat." We had timber; we had to build our houses; we had bark and everything -- we started in on bark and brush. After a while we learned new ways by putting up log houses. We made huts and everything. Very well! Everybody was learning all the time the hard way, by working. But really, we also learned a lot by listening to and thinking about stories.
1. See Ch. 11, "Campfire Talks."
2. For references to Hiawatha and Wenabozho see Footnote 1, Ch. 19, "Wenabozho and the Creation of the Current World."
3. Generally Paul and his people do not eat helldivers.
4. "A Holy Christ." (Paul Buffalo is imitating Joe Barns' speech pattern -- the friend whose funeral starts this biography.)
5. "Floaters" are strangers who migrate into (and through) others' territories, and who do not remain in the areas their people typically live in from season to season. "Floaters" may float because animal populations in their own areas are low, or the wild rice or berry crops may be down, or they may be stragglers going to or coming from powwows/celebrations/gatherings in more distant villages, or there may be "too much pressure from the whites." Groups that "float" are very different from individuals who "float" alone. Individuals that "float" are generally considered in some way to be or have been outcasts from their own groups. In some important ways individuals who "float" are, at least initially, thought to be socially defective and undesirable. Group "floaters" might be OK. Individuals who come into a group's territory as part of courtship and marriage practices are not considered "floaters."
6. It was harder for the old timers when they were young compared with current-day children.
7. Here and there a member of another tribe or group would marry and move into the Leech Lake area, and they were not always familiar with this story -- especially if they moved in from the Plains.
8. Cf., Ch. 11, "Campfire Talks."
9. Including scavenging dead carcasses.
to top of page / A-Z index
Index Table of Contents ~ a note on tenses ~ a note on style ~ Acknowledgements Ch. 01 Early Life at Leech Lake Ch. 02 Bena Childhood Ch. 03 Canoe Days Ch. 04 Sioux and Scouts Ch. 05 Chiefs and Councils Ch. 06 Spring Move to the Sugar Bush Ch. 07 Maple Sugar Time,Skáy-go-mI-zi-gáy-wIn Ch. 08 Old Gardens and New Bark Ch. 09 Bears Ch. 10 Blueberry Time Ch. 11 Campfire Talks Ch. 12 Inbetween Time original removed, chapters renumbered Ch. 13 Mah-no-min-I-kay Gii-siss, "Wild Ricing Moon" Ch. 14 Moccasin Game Gambling Ch. 15 Lacrosse and Other Camp Games Ch. 16 River Life and Fishing Ch. 17 Winter Wood and Wigwams Ch. 18 Late-Autumn-Winter Camp Ch. 19 Winibozho and the Creation of the Current World Ch. 20 Tales of Winibozho Ch. 21 The Windigo Cannibal and . . . of Gwashun . . . Ch. 22 Drums Ch. 23 Ni-mi-day-win: Come and Dance, Come and Sing . . . Ch. 24 Courtship, Marriage, and Living with the In-Laws Ch. 25 Self-Houses, Sweat Houses, and Bloodletting Ch. 26 Dreams and Visions Ch. 27 Power (under construction) Ch. 28 What's Behind the Sun?: An Indian Sermon Ch. 29 Midewiwin: Grand Medicine Ch. 30 An Indian Curing Ceremony Ch. 31 Spiritual Doctoring, Tipi-Shaking . . . Ch. 32 Medicine Men / Medicine Women Ch. 33 Messengers and Unusual Events Ch. 34 Fireballs, and The Shadow Man Ch. 35 School Ch. 36 Jack Nason, "My Dad. My Step-Dad" Ch. 37 Finns, "The Sweatbath-Men" Ch. 38 Timber Days Ch. 39 Leech and Mississippi Forks Ch. 40 John Smith Wrinkle Meat Ch. 41 Talking with the Old-Timers . . . Ch. 42 Hunting and Snaring Ch. 43 Cattle, Horses, "Siouxs" Ch. 44 Churches and Missionaries Ch. 45 Treaties, Allotments, . . . (under construction) Ch. 46 Out There in North Dakota Ch. 47 Uprising in the Indian Office Ch. 48 White Medicine Ch. 49 New White World Ch. 50 Dying Bibliography Song
This site is under construction. Comments are welcome!
E-mail comments to troufs@d.umn.edu
The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer.>
Copyright: © 1997 - 2021 Timothy G. Roufs
The views and opinions expressed in this page are strictly those of the page author .
The contents of this page have not been reviewed or approved by the University of Minnesota.
Page URL:http://www.d.umn.edu /cla/faculty/troufs/Buffalo/PB21.html
Last Modified Saturday, 04-Aug-2018 15:47:12 CDT
Department of Studies in Justice, Culture, & Social Change
College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Science
215 Cina Hall
University of Minnesota Duluth (maps)
Duluth, MN 55812 - 2496 (maps)
Gitchee-Gumee Live
Maps & Directions | Parking | Contact UMD | Privacy
© 2022 University of Minnesota Duluth
Last modified on 08/04/18 03:47 PM
University of Minnesota Campuses
Crookston | Duluth | Morris
Rochester | Twin Cities


Vintage 1960's original SEAGRAM'S 7 CROWN WHISKEY advertising plug-in electric wall clock sign in good working condition. Graphics are strong and clock looks and works great - keeps correct time. Electric cord has been extended.


damage, but fluid chain attacks are deadly.
against metal armor or tough scales.
When wielded by skeletons, the Scimitar will cause bleed build-up upon hit.
Weapon durability reduced to 16. Base damage increased. Cannot repair weapon (except through reinforcement).
5% STR, 33% DEX, 70% FAI scaling. Additional damage multiplier against unholy enemies.
5% STR, 31% DEX, 82% FAI scaling. Additional damage multiplier against unholy enemies.


We are an interlocking and concrete company specialize in flagstone, retaining wall, concrete.
Ege interlocking has been building custom landscapes since 2010 with outstanding craftsmanship and unique designs. We only use certified paver installers ensuring the finished product is absolutely perfect. This attention to detail and customer service is what sets us apart from the competition.
We have mastered the art of transforming the look of houses landscape to unique and artistic outdoor spaces. With EGE Interlocking & Paving every client's landscape transformation is completed with the utmost attention to detail using the very best of industry standards to ensure the finished product will be enjoyed for years to come.


Day started with all the experienced divers diving a wreck (although a small one). The fun part was the strong current with the descent being free one. At least you could see the wreck from the surface and know what you were aiming at, followed by a reef dive.
The remaining four unqualified divers qualified later in the day and beginning to look relaxed in the water.... Brilliant diving from them with some good in water communication skills between them. Really good to see them having fun.


Dear Cardinal Families, our teachers and staff want to meet you!
Parents and students are invited to come meet their teacher, drop off school supplies in their classrooms and see their campuses.
Pearce Primary – Meet the Teacher is Friday August 24 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m.
Menchaca Early Childhood – Meet the Teacher is Saturday, August 25 from 10:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.
Gallardo Elementary – Meet the Teacher is Friday, August 24 from 4:00 p.m.-6p.m.
Freedom Elementary – Meet the Teacher is Friday, August 24 from 4:00 p.m.-6 p.m.
Heritage Elementary– Meet the Teacher is Friday, August 24 4:00 p.m.-6:00 p.m.
Southside High School – Fish Camp for incoming freshmen only on Wednesday, August 22 from 5:30 p.m to 7:00 p.m.


text:
May 15, 2015 Lester & Charlie Present
Find Out If You've Lost The Awe in Shock Value
Intrepid reporters Lester & Charlie went into hibernation for a while (did you miss us?) because the news seemed to be getting… stale. Watching the news these days is like watching a long-running soap opera. You can tune out for years, check back and discover that your favorite character is still dying or still having that baby.
Imagine you had to guess what year we're living in based on these headlines: Crazy people are signing up in droves to lose the White House for Republicans. Media outlets declare that a Clinton's every move is a TKO for the Democrats. A Bush is leading in Republican presidential polls.
OK, we'll admit we woke up to an interesting detail or two. Like when FOX's token black Republican of the week, Allen West, went on a psychotic rant about Sharia law and the supposed Muslim takeover of Walmart — all because West tried to buy liquor in a checkout line manned by an underage clerk who couldn't legally sell it. That's not Sharia law, that's U.S. law, and it probably has roots in Allen's own Christian heritage.
And while we're talking about Walmart, imagine what many Texans — including the governor — think is the real reason behind the closing of a handful of Walmart stores. (Imagine something 1000x more psychotic than Walmart bunkers and you're halfway there.)
And then there's Jeb Bush, who is leading in polls this week (even though his own mother doesn't want to see him in the White House). Jeb went out and picked his brother George as advisor on the Middle East. George? The wrong-country-invading ex-president is advising Jeb about the Middle East, the most volatile place on the planet that's not an active volcano?
If you haven't gotten enough yet, hop over to whatever planet Ann Coulter is living on and hear her cackle that Whites have done more than enough to compensate for centuries of slavery, because, "When you're getting admitted to Princeton when you can't read, is that enough yet?"
But, like we said, none of this is really new, though it proves something we've long suspected: Thinking isn't hard if you don't bother to do it. We know there's something hypnotic — almost calming – about the constant cosmic hum of all this crazy bullshit in the background. But our growing complacency – especially in an election year – can have dangerous results. (President Cruz, anyone?)
It's often said that those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it. So let's make sure we remember it! We've assembled a bunch of classic quotes. Do you remember the past correctly? Can you match the classic quote with the speaker? Take the quiz and find out!
Want to find out how other people did? Subscribe to the Lester & Charlie Newsletter!
Get Lester & Charlie's New Book Today!
Previous A Movie Mogul's Regret
Next Happy Birthday, L. Frank Baum
#rip #ronniespector


text:
Brighton Fringe / Theatre
Latest Reviews See More
Nicholas Abrams
5th Jun, 2019
If someone were to ask me what BREXIT (the show) was all about, I'd find it difficult to sum it up in a few words.
Four Thieves Vinegar
Elly May
The plague. Prison. Death. With themes like this, Four Thieve Vinegar hardly seems like a jolly play to see on a sun filled day in Brighton's very own Rialto Theatre…
Monica Yell
The Warren: The Nest
3rd Jun, 2019
The Trial tells a story of a transgender woman as she returns to the town she grew up in. It delivers a powerful message of acceptance and progression in a world which must never grow indifferent to hearing it, as Inês Sampaio, the storyteller, points out…
Sweet Werks 2
Good Grief tells the story of a family who are moving through the motions of grief and bereavement after the loss of their youngest son in an accident at Saltdean Lido…
News See More
Registration Opens for Brighton Fringe 2021
With the setbacks of 2020 (hopefully) behind us, Brighton Fringe is accepting applications for their 2021 festival. Running 7 May - 6 June, registration close on 19 February, 2021
Brighton Fringe postponed until September/October 2020
Levi Bailey
The Brighton Fringe, the largest arts festival in England today announced the event this year will b...
Sweet Venues expands for Brighton Fringe 2018
2nd Jan, 2018
As one of the heavy hitters at Brighton Fringe, Sweet Venues have announced they doubling their number of spaces in 2018 with two new venues...
Brighton Fringe Broadway Bobby Award Winner Announced
Another stellar year of entertainment at Brighton Fringe has once again made choosing the winner of the coveted Broadway Bobby incredibly difficult...
Features See More
Brighton Fringe: Top 10 Hidden Gems
Last week saw 10 shows that will be selling out shortly, this week brings 10 shows that might be currently flying under the radar, but not for very much longer.
Win a £150 ad package in our Brighton Fringe Twitter Compo
Pete Shaw
5th Apr, 2014
If you're taking a show to Brighton Fringe this year you want some free advertising, don't you? Sure you do...
The Brighton Fringe Marketing Guide
1st Jan, 2004
Broadway Baby Publisher, Pete Shaw, offers a comprehensive guide to marketing your show at the Brighton Fringe with tips on budgets, creating a press release, social media and branding.
Interviews See More
Interview: Necessity
Bethan Troakes
As Brighton Fringe gears up for 2016, Broadway Baby offers a preview of the shows, the people and the world that is Brighton Fringe.
Interview: The Girl Who Fell in Love with the Moon
Exploring humanity's eternal fascination with the skies through the eyes of this playful and dynamic young ensemble, The Girl Who Fell in Love with the Moon is a dark, Tim Burton-esque story for grown ups...
Interview: BODIED
As Brighton Fringe gears up for 2016, Broadway Baby offers a preview of the shows, the people and the world that is Brighton Fringe...
Interview: The Story of the Nervous Man (a silent comedy)
9th May, 2016
Neil has a story to tell. There's only one problem, he can't speak. Nominated for the Best New Show award at the 2015 Prague Fringe, clown, compere and comedian Neil Frost brings his hit show to Brighton.
Latest Listings See More
Caravan of Love
Werks Central
5th - 11th Oct 2020
A newlywed couple find themselves in a caravan honeymoon in the West of Ireland.
The Tragedy of Dorian Gray
2nd - 7th May 2020
Oscar Wilde's classic tale moves to the 1960s where the world has changed and London is swinging.
Bright Raven
O N C A
Bright Raven. She's here to stir things up. She's starting a cult-clown-creature revolution. A shake up for these turbulent times…
Mating In Captivity
Junkyard Dogs: The Doghouse
22nd - 23rd May 2019
It's Annie and Rob's wedding night but Jacob, Rob's ex, needs a place to crash. After a drunken, post-wedding-ceremony phone call, and despite Annie's pleas for privacy, Jacob manages to wrangle a night at Rob's place where he assumes he won't be doing much sleeping…
A little bird told you


text:
REAL PROBLEM: Nature Conservation Council of NSW CEO Kate Smolski and WWF Science Manager Dr Martin Taylor were in Lismore for the Save Our Koalas community Forum. Marc Stapelberg
Koalas could be extinct within 40 years, expert warns
by franciswitsenhuysen
14th Dec 2018 12:00 AM
A KOALA expert and scientist has released mapping showing the Lismore region has lost 60 per cent of koala habitat since European settlement.
WWF Australia's Protected Areas and Conservation Science Manager Dr Martin Taylor shared the mapping, which he conducted this week, at Wednesday's Save our Koalas Community Forum in Lismore.
Dr Taylor said the alarming results, which came from layering Federal and state Government data on koala sightings and examining forest habitat, was distressing and with the current and proposed laws around land clearing, Koalas could be extinct within the next 40 years.
"With this mapping and the population data it's time to raise more public alarm," Dr Taylor said.
"2015 figures from the NSW government show about 22,00 hectares has been cleared across the state ... nearly half of that is for agriculture which is mostly livestock pasture. Native forestry is about 7000 hectares of that and urban, industrial and mining is 5000 hectares or 50 square kilometres.
"Only nine percent of forest and woodland is in close to something like 'in tact' condition and that's mostly in the national parks. When is it going to end?"
He said the state of the North Coast Koala population was dire.
"We've lost 33 percent or a third of the population in 20 years in NSW and in another 40 years that could go down to zero," he said.
"Commonwealth data showed the population was about 10,000 in 1990 in the North East area - which would include the Northern Rivers, then by 2010 they were down to 7,500 - again it's about a 30 per cent decline."
He said the only way to solve the problem was for voters to push to bring back strong controls and better policy around land clearing and the destruction of koala habitat ahead of the March State Elections.
"What's happening now is most clearing can happen as a right, and they are all governed by codes," he said.
"You don't have to apply for a permit anymore, as long as you follow these codes you can clear as long as you notify local land services.
"We are asking voters to meet with candidates about the issue ... there is a letter box drop happening this Sunday in Lismore. We've worked with the Nature conservation Council, to develop a set of ten asks of all the political parties coming in to the next election and beyond the election."
The Save Our Koalas Community Forum was held at Lismore City Hall was held to discuss the extinction risk facing koalas on the North Coast and policy responses required to ensure their long-term survival.
Among the key speakers were Uncle Herb Roberts, Elder-Widjabul Wyabu tribe of the Bundjalung Nation, Kate Smolski, CEO-NSW Nature Conservation Council, Dr Roslyn Irwin, President-Friends of the Koala and Dailan Pugh, President-North East Forest Alliance.
WWF-Australia this year reported koalas were on track to extinction in NSW as early as 2050 without a significant reduction in tree clearing, mitigation of climate change and major expansion of protected areas.[ii]
99% of koala habitat on private land in NSW can be bulldozed under new laws the Berejiklian government introduced last year (Biodviersty Conservation Act).
Bulldozing of bushland for tripled in just one part of the state in the 12 months of the new laws, destroying 5000 hectares of koala habitat.
futurenorthernrivers koalas nsw governement wwf


text:
Mackie's support team Landmark vs Lochs in their Great Glen Challenge endeavour!
The five members of the Landmark Systems team (Landmark vs. Lochs) due to take on the Great Glen Challenge on 30th August to raise funds for the Royal Scottish Agricultural Benevolent Institution were thrilled to secure a new major sponsor this week.
Mackie's of Scotland, based in Aberdeenshire and the home of FARMData (a division of Landmark Systems) are farmers who produce the reknowned Mackie's ice cream. They have kindly made the biggest single donation to the team's fundraising efforts bringing them one step closer to their £2,000 target.
The event involves walking, running, cycling and kayaking in the Scottish Highlands. The competing team made up of Allistair Gray (Sales, Scotland), George Paterson (FARMData, Scotland), Annabel James (Sales, East Anglia), Kate Adams (Software tester) and John Macrae (Sales, South East) are now really looking forward to fuelling all of their remaining training efforts with Mackies treats which include crisps, chocolate and 11 flavours of ice cream – check out the range here: https://www.mackies.co.uk
To read more about our team members, click here.
To donate and help the team support the RSABI who provide invaluable support for Scottish farmers in times of need, please click below. Every penny really does help!
Rivalry builds as Landmark gears up for the RSABI Great Glen Challenge
Team 'Landmark vs. Lochs' bring home silver in the Great Glen Challenge.


text:
Action on Railways
After becoming MP for Reigate in 1997, Crispin worked tirelessly to improve the local rail service. The Reigate constituency relies heavily on rail links for its economic prosperity. Many local residents commute to London, and local businesses rely on workers traveling into the constituency to work, especially to Redhill and Reigate.
Crispin is the president of the Reigate and Redhill District Rail Users Association (RRDRUA) and used his influence as an MP to press the Department for Transport (DfT), Govia Thameslink Railway (GTR) and Network Rail (NR) to improve conditions for local rail users.
Most recently, Crispin has been focusing on three key areas affecting the quality and reliability of our local rail service.
i) Unfair Local Rail Fares - Rail fares from local stations including Reigate and Redhill have been more expensive than equivalent tickets from other local stations for a number of years. This is known as the 'Redhill hump.' After years of campaigning, Crispin has recently elicited a promise from the DfT to eliminate this price anomaly before 2021 and in the meantime to freeze certain ticket prices.
ii) Poor and unreliable timetabling - Along with RRDRUA, Crispin has been pressing GTR to make improvements to their proposed 2018 Timetable on the Redhill and Reigate lines. He has recently sent a petition to DfT and GTR, signed by over 2,200 local rail users demanding improvements, especially to the speed and regularity of services to London, the lack of any direct trains from Redhill to Brighton or the south coast, and the paucity of night-time services.
iii) Poor local rail infrastructure - Crispin has been pressing Network Rail and DfT to prioritise local rail infrastructure work that would improve local services and train reliability. These include new signaling, points and a flyover at Stoats Nest Junction (near Coulsdon South) to enable London bound trains to cross onto the fast track, and a new platform at Reigate Station to allow 12-car Thameslink trains to terminate there and enable regular fast services directly from Reigate to London Bridge.
You can read Crispin's recent press release on the local railway service here
Chris Grayling MP letter 1.12 MB
Paul Maynard MP letter 570.64 KB
Letter to Philip Hammond MP 421.36 KB
5 JANUARY UPDATE FROM CHRIS GRAYLING MP 73.57 KB
More information from the Reigate, Redhill & District Users Association


text:
Section 8 Denial in Alabama
An AL Section 8 denial letter will arrive in the mail in the event that a Section 8 application has been denied. Your Section 8 denial letter should arrive within the two-week waiting period after your application was submitted. What are the reasons for Section 8 denial in AL? The Section 8 denial letter will formally detail what to do if Section 8 application was denied, as well as the reasons for the denial. For more information on what to do if Section 8 application was denied, consult the following topics:
What are the reasons for Section 8 denial in Alabama?
How to avoid Section 8 housing disqualifications in Alabama
How to appeal Section 8 denial in Alabama
Section 8 housing disqualifications can be due to a wide range of factors. One of the main reasons an applicant will receive a Section 8 denial letter in Alabama is criminal activity. Anyone with criminal charges will be limited in what they can apply for if the charges are minor. A Section 8 housing disqualification will be issued immediately, with little chance of a Section 8 denial appeal, for applicants with serious criminal charges, such as sexual offenders or those with drug convictions. Other reasons for receiving a Section 8 denial letter include being behind on child support payments or current rental commitments and, in some cases, even a decent credit score could limit or be grounds for a Section 8 denial.
Be sure to read the Section 8 denial letter carefully. if an applicant has applied for both state and federal housing, the Section 8 denial letter may only contain a rejection for one level of housing but not the other. There are certain things that may cause an applicant to be issued a Section 8 denial letter on either the federal or state level. For example, if an applicant applied for Federal Housing, they must be issued a Section 8 denial letter if any discrepancies arise concerning: household members being engaged in illegal substance use, serious alcohol abuse, is a convicted sexual offender, or if there is a history of eviction. However, in state-level Section 8, issues that may result in Section 8 housing disqualifications include such issues as evictions, previous termination from Section 8, owing a housing authority, failure to uphold obligations required for housing vouchers, and threatening housing staff. If a Section 8 denial letter was issued to a Section 8 applicant who has applied for the Alternative Housing Voucher Program (AHVP), they may be denied for the same reasons.
There are plenty of reasons for Section 8 housing disqualifications in Alabama that are easily avoidable or fixable. The most common reason for a section 8 denial letter is documentation. In many cases an applicant has either incorrectly filled out the application or has left an important piece of documentation out of the pack when it was submitted. If this is the case, to avoid another Section 8 denial letter, the applicant must instead submit another application with all appropriate documentation attached. It is important to attach every piece of documentation to this second application, not just the documentation that was missing from the first one.
Likewise, Section 8 housing disqualifications can be issued simply because the applicant did not meet all of the qualifications necessary for Section 8 housing. In the Alabama Section 8 denial letter it should state whether an applicant's income is too high, or they are not considered a United States citizen or legal resident, or they have not lived in the state for long enough.
Learn How to Appeal Section 8 Denial in Alabama
Wondering what to do if a Section 8 application was denied? Approximately 99 percent of the time, Section 8 denial letters are warranted. However, an applicant can make a Section 8 denial appeal in the event where they believe Section 8 housing disqualifications were made erroneously. A Section 8 denial appeal in Alabama involves an applicant formally requesting that their denied application be re-examined in an informal court hearing. If approved, the hearing will feature testimony from both the applicant and the housing authority, who will give their sides of the case, along with the Section 8 denial letter, to a third party hearing officer or administrative judge. The third party will then make the executive decision to either repeal or uphold the denial. Section 8 denial appeals must be filed within 14 to 30 days after the Section 8 denial was first sent. If an applicant requires help on how to appeal Section 8 denial, they may contact the HUD office to ask for assistance from an HUD representative.


text:
Q: Can't Run server with Rails 4.2.4.rc1 This is sort of related to my other question listed here, but those solutions didn't work for me so I created a new rails app, but I got the same error, which I've listed below.
Started GET "/" for ::1 at 2015-08-29 16:26:01 -0400

NameError (uninitialized constant ActiveModel::Validations::PresenceValidator):
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb:3:in `<module:Validations>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb:2:in `<module:ActiveRecord>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/validations.rb:90:in `<top (required)>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/base.rb:294:in `<class:Base>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/base.rb:269:in `<module:ActiveRecord>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/base.rb:26:in `<top (required)>'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/migration.rb:383:in `connection'
  activerecord (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_record/migration.rb:370:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `__run_callbacks__'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:778:in `_run_call_callbacks'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:73:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call'
  web-console (2.2.1) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:39:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
  railties (4.2.4.rc1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
  railties (4.2.4.rc1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
  railties (4.2.4.rc1) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call'
  activesupport (4.2.4.rc1) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.4.rc1) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:116:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:113:in `call'
  railties (4.2.4.rc1) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call'
  railties (4.2.4.rc1) lib/rails/application.rb:165:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/content_length.rb:15:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:88:in `service'
  c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
  c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
  c:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.1.0/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/server.rb:295:in `block in start_thread'

And here is the Gemfile
source 'https://rubygems.org'

# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '4.2.4.rc1'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
# bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api.
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc

# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use Unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug'
end

group :development do
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'
end

# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

#
gem 'brakeman', '~> 3.0.5'

gem 'dawnscanner', '~> 1.3.5'

gem 'activemodel', '~> 4.2.3'

It's a last resort for me to regenerate all of the files from my website to a new app, but I'm not sure why it's happening with this new project. The only thing I've done is install two gems to help me with security, so maybe that's it but I'm not sure. Can anyone help?

A: I think I figured out the problem. I made a new app, without the two gems, and it worked. I went to my app and took out one of the gems (dawnscanner) and it worked.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Alabama's Covid Data Hero
December 7, 2020 December 7, 2020 Joy
Housekeeping: There was no post yesterday on Economist Writing Every Day. It was my day to write and family responsibilities just took up every minute. This might happen occasionally.
Last week I wrote about American Data Heroes. There are many that I don't know of , but I wanted to share the work of tireless Frank McPhillips. For months he wrote a succinct post every single day within a private Facebook group for concerned citizens of Alabama. Recently he switched to Substack, meaning I can share it here.
McPhillips summarizes and explains the Covid data for the state of Alabama, where I live. This is data that is publicly available, but most people like myself don't want to do as much work as he does to understand it. He also understands when the reporting might be wrong or late.
I'm going to quote from his most recent posts.
Dec 5:
The Chairman of the Madison County Commission was more blunt. "We're now talking about alternative space for a morgue", he said, adding that he has never faced such a decision in 25 years of public service.
According to HHS, 87.7% of Alabama's ICU beds are occupied… Our State added 3,390 more COVID cases today (incl. 655 probables), raising the 7-day moving average to 3,228 cases per day, which is twice the daily average 3 weeks ago.
With 473 more cases, Birmingham's home county, Jefferson, has a 14-day positivity rate that tops 30% for the first time.
Now, brace yourself for the updated hospitalization data: 2,079 patients (105 reporting hospitals), a jump of 163 patients in a single day. The Huntsville Hospital system reported 378 COVID patients, an increase of 76 patients in one week. DCH Health system reported 138 patients, double the number just 9 days ago. And finally, Regional Medical Center (Anniston) announced new visitation restrictions due to the pandemic: "For end-of-life care, two visitors will be permitted to remain in the patient's room, without leaving or re-entering the building and without substitution".
I appreciate all his work. It's obvious when he's getting depressed or exhausted, but he's decided to keep going (almost) every day. He keeps writing new prose on how this is the most deadly "war" of our time. He wants people to keep fighting back and not get complacent. See his Dec 7 post for more war comparisons.
McPhillips has helped a lot of people in his locality. He inspires me for Writing Every Day.
DataAlabama, Covid
Previous Article Teaching with SAS Viya for Learners: Last Report
Next Article Thanks for the Patent System


NEW YORK (Reuters) - T-Mobile USA, the fourth biggest U.S. mobile service provider, said on Friday that it would start selling the highly anticipated and much delayed BlackBerry Z10 touchscreen smartphone to its business customers on March 11.
The U.S. unit of Deutsche Telekom said business customers could get delivery of the device by the end of next week. It declined to give a date for the consumer launch except to say that it would be before the end of March.
BlackBerry, formerly known as Research In Motion, already sells the device in more than 20 countries but its reception in the United States, its former stronghold market, is seen as a key step. However, U.S. consumers have had to wait much longer for the device than other countries like Britain.
Bigger rivals Verizon Wireless and AT&T Inc declined to reveal their Z10 launch dates on Friday and Canada's BlackBerry declined comment.
BlackBerry, a one-time smartphone pioneer, has bled market share to the likes of Apple's iPhone, as well as Samsung's Galaxy product line and other devices powered by Google Inc's market-leading Android operating system.
In a make-or-break move to regain market share and return to profit, BlackBerry introduced the new smartphone to much fanfare in January. A more traditional BlackBerry with a physical keyboard will go on sale next month.