text:
TOP STORIES / Business
Student debt may inch US toward next financial crisis
Debt accumulated by US students has never been higher than in 2018, estimates show. Student loans account for the second-biggest pile of debt in the US, only trailing mortgages. Sophie Schimansky reports from New York.
Toni Vincent got her master's degree in public health three years ago. For her studies, she needed to take out a six-digit-dollar loan before receiving her first paycheck.
When she finished her studies, she was about $100,000 (€87,400) in the red. It cost her $15,000 to get her bachelor's degree at a state university — getting her master's degree at the renowned George Washington University added another $85,000 to her debt load.
Meanwhile, Vincent has taken up the job of a program manager at a non-profit organization and coordinates public health projects. Three years into her job, she's still sitting on a debt pile of $80,000. She's 32 and only starting her career.
Student loans higher than credit card debt
Vincent is one of 44 million Americans burdened with student loans. Together, they owe a total of $1.5 trillion, a record sum only exceeded by mortgages. Student loans make up almost 7 percent of the United States' aggregate debt. Add to this the $64.2 billion in private student loans, issued by banks and other institutions.
According to a June 2018 study by the Federal Reserve, 42 percent of all students in the US had to take out loans for education, with average debt among 20-year-olds amounting to $25,000, and counting.
A timeline of financial collapse
Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/34rCa
More jobs require a degree
Those who started their studies in 2016, are likely to have accumulated an average debt of some $37,000. The director of the American Council on Education, Jon Fansmith, says the number of students in the US is growing. "More people are going to school, and more people are borrowing, and that's not necessarily a bad thing."
In the fall of 2018, a little under 20 million students had enrolled at US universities, up from some 15 million students in the fall of 2000. Securing a higher degree has never been so important. By 2020, 65 percent of all job offers will require at least a bachelor's degree, says a 2013 study by Georgetown University.
For Toni Vincent, it was never a question of whether to study at all. She calls it an investment in her future. But that investment is getting bigger and bigger. Costs for students have quadrupled over the past three decades. Being at a state college for four years now costs some $20,000 on average, studying at a private college for the same period can even cost up to $50,000.
Students are required to pay back an average of $351 a month, often for decades on end. A considerable proportion is unable to pay back anything after just two years, thus defaulting on the loan.
Constantine Yanellis teaches finance at New York University and has focused her research on student loans. She confirms that of the over 40 million indebted students in the US some 10 percent default within 2 years of starting repayment.
Chinese students fall for quick loans
Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/2koXD
Real estate crisis comes to mind
In 90 percent of such cases, the state is the creditor, meaning that taxpayers have to foot the bill eventually. The trend is alarming as more and more students are bound to default on their loans in the future. Estimates by the Brookings Institute say that some 40 percent of indebted students may default by 2023. That has the media comparing this development with the collapse of the Lehman Brothers investment bank and the ensuing global financial crisis in 2008.
CNBC is talking of a bubble, while Fox News and MarketWatch are already calling it a crisis.
Before the 2008 disaster, mortgages for households with a low creditworthiness had been bundled and sold on as risky financial products. In the end, lenders had to be rescued by the taxpayer. This time around, it'll again be the taxpayer who will have to foot the bill.
Impacting the economy
US students' debt burden may negatively impact the national economy in the long term, as young people will have no money to buy cars and homes and will generally consume less, as Fed chief Jerome Powell pointed out to Congress in March of last year. He called the debt burden a macroeconomic risk.
"It's not something you can pick up in the day right now, but as student loans continue to grow they can absolutely hold back growth," Powell warned.
The previous US administration under Barack Obama intended to provide some help with the Student Loan Forgiveness Program meant to ease the plight of those working in the public sector after their studies. But the Department of Education has just announced that under Donald Trump some 99.5 percent of all applications under that program have been turned down. In fact, the Trump administration wants the program to expire.
Surviving the Lehman collapse 10 years on
In the firing line
An iconic picture from September 11, 2008 — the day employees at Lehman Brothers' London office in the financial district of Canary Wharf were called together. The photograph caught the moment Gwion Moore, one of those pictured in the photograph, and his colleagues were told by bosses that things were going to be OK. At the time, the Lehman Brothers share price was tanking by the minute.
World upside down Down Under
Gwion Moore now works in his native Australia. He recalls the contrast between the growing panic in financial markets over the fate of the stricken firm with the mood inside the building at the time. "It was almost a festival atmosphere at the bank. We weren't doing any business. But people were still coming to work and just chatting to each other."
Out of the fire, into the frying pan
Restaurant worker Jose Manuel Abel smokes a cigarette as he waits to catch a flight from Barcelona to Munich, Germany. Abel said farewell to his wife and children and left after he couldn't find a job in his native Spain due to the crisis.
Back in the line
Eric Lipps, then 52, waits in line to enter the NYCHires job fair in New York City on December 9, 2009. The fallout of Lehman's collapse led to big unemployment in vast sectors of the economy. Especially the bankers found the transition to the non-financial sector quite painful.
Crashed but not burnt
Eric Lipps was one of the lucky ones. A few months after losing his job he was hired as a child support enforcement officer in New York, a job he still holds. Here he is shown outside 4 World Trade Center on August 17, a decade after he was pictured in line at a jobs fair. "Mercifully I had money so I wasn't going to be hand to mouth," Lipps said. .
Lehman's financial tsunami
Tsutomu Fukasawa (right), a foreign exchange dealer, with a colleague at Tokyo Forex & Ueda Harlow, 10 years on from Lehman's collapse. After the crisis, some of the firm's customers left the market, but Fukasawa says Japan's economy is recovering lost ground. "The Japanese economy suffered a big hit, but it is slowly but surely catching up with the global financial market."
Oh Darling, what have you done!
Former UK finance minister, Alistair Darling, was in charge of the British economy as the financial crisis escalated. Now a member of the upper house of Parliament, he says the decision by the Conservative-led government in 2010 to try to wipe the country's budget deficit in five years extended the economic slowdown. "What is commonly called austerity has prolonged the downturn."
Donald Trump promised to drain the swamp. But the Washington-Wall Street revolving door keeps turning and many Wall Street stars have managed to claw their way into the highest reaches of government, including many involved in Lehman brothers at the time of its collapse in 2008, the country's largest bankruptcy in its history.
Author: Jo Harper
Learning from Lehman: Is the next crash coming?
A decade after the Lehman Brothers' bankruptcy, the US economy is growing. Americans feel safe and are even optimistic. But economists warn that appearances are deceptive. (13.09.2018)
Lehman Brothers: Looking back at the basics
The demise of Lehman Brothers shook the finance world and had enormous knock-on effects globally. Even those who had never heard of the investment bank were impacted. Ten years on, we answer some fundamental questions. (12.09.2018)
10 years on, what might cause the next financial crisis?
Massive money printing to restart the global economy after the financial crisis has blown an even bigger bubble. Ten years after the last crash, are we due another one and will it be worse? (11.08.2017)
Before it filed for bankruptcy on September 15, 2008, Lehman was the fourth-largest US investment bank. DW tracks the fates of some of those who were impacted by the meltdown of an institution thought too big to fail. (12.09.2018)
Lehman Brothers: Lessons learned
Author Sophie Schimansky (New York)
Related Subjects White House
Keywords students, student loans, debt, United States, economic growth, credits
Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/3B985
China growing at slowest pace in decades not a sign of weakness 15.07.2019
China's economic growth slowed to 6.2% in the second quarter — the weakest pace since 1992. But the numbers may not be as gloomy for the world's second-largest economy as they appear, says Wang Tao from Swiss bank UBS.
Opinion: Donald Trump's running again — and he could win 19.06.2019
Donald Trump's conviction that he will be reelected should come as no surprise. He may deny reality to paint his presidency as a success, but it's naive to think he'll leave the White House soon, DW's Nancy Isenson says.
Stonewall at 50: LGBT activists ask 'what's next?' 28.06.2019
It's the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall uprising. The riots and ensuing protests are credited with spurring the US gay rights movement, but five decades later, those who were there say there's more work to do.
Christine Lagarde steps down as IMF chief
Christine Lagarde says she now has more clarity on her nomination to be the next head of the European Central Bank.
German Defense Minister Ursula von der Leyen, a member of Merkel's conservatives, has been confirmed president of the EU Commission. But just who is she? DW profiles the Brussels-born doctor and her time in Berlin.
Germany's von der Leyen voted new European Commission president
German Defense Minister Ursula von der Leyen had faced an uphill battle as a compromise candidate. She won by a slim majority, with 383 out of 747 votes.
Italy's far-right Salvini moves to round up Roma, Sinti
Interior Minister Salvini has asked regional officials to draw up maps of "illegal settlements." Non-Italians are to be sent back to their countries of origin.


Keyboardist Chuck Leavell's resume is among rock's most impressive. He's toured and recorded with The Rolling Stones for decades, been a member of the Allman Brothers and worked with many high-wattage artists including Eric Clapton and Aretha Franklin.
Leavell, a Birmingham native, will soon add Alabama Music Hall of Fame inductee to his resume.
On Wednesday, Hall of Fame chairman Bill Newton announced the hall's 2016 inductees. The strong field also includes former Grateful Dead vocalist Donna Jean Godchaux-McKay, record producer Johnny Sandlin, Southern rockers Wet Willie and the Muscle Shoals Horns.
Alabama Music Hall of Fame inductions will take place Feb. 26 at the Marriott Shoals Conference Center in Florence.
Leavell's mind was set on a career in music at age 13 after seeing Ray Charles in concert. By 15 he was playing keys on Muscle Shoals sessions, including the recording of Freddie North's song "Don't Take Her, She's All I've Got." Leavell was just 20 years old when he joined the Allman Brothers Band in 1972. The first LP he recorded with the Southern rockers was "Brothers and Sisters," which included the classics "Ramblin' Man" and "Southbound," and topped the Billboard 200. Following the Allmans' breakup a few years later, Leavell formed the jazz-rock band Sea Level with Allmans drummer Jaimoe, aka Jai Johanny Johanson, on the infamous Macon, Ga. based label Capricorn Records.
In 1982 Leavell joined up with The Rolling Stones in a pivotal keyboardist/musical director role, a position he still holds having performed with the British rock band on their 2015 stadium tour. Leavell first recorded with The Stones on their 1983 album "Undercover. He's appeared on every new studio release from the band since then.
Leavell's piano and organ playing were prominent on the Black Crowes' multi-platinum 1990 debut "Shake Your Money Maker," Eric Clapton's 1992 Grammy-guzzling acoustic release "Unplugged" and John Mayer's 2012 chart-topping disc "Born and Raised."
Decatur-native Sandlin's history with the Allmans dates back to playing drums with Gregg and Duane Allman in their pre-Allman Brothers group Hour Glass. After Hour Glass broke up Sandlin became the house drummer at Tone Studios in Miami. He soon relocated to Macon, where he became recording engineer, producer, head of A&R and label vice-president at Capricorn Records. Sandlin produced, mixed and mastered albums for the Allman Brothers Band, Gregg Allman, Dickey Betts, Elvin Bishop, Wet Willie," Bonnie Bramlett, Cowboy, Delbert McClinton, Widespread Panic and many others. Sandlin's work includes five platinum albums and ten gold albums.
Godchaux-McKay, of Sheffield, will forever be associated with 1970s Grateful Dead, having joined the band circa 1972 along with then-husband and keyboardist Keith Godchaux. However she'd earlier appeared as a background vocalist Percy Sledge's now-classic "When a Man Loves a Woman." And Elvis Presley's "Suspicious Minds." Her Muscle Shoals and Memphis session work also included recordings by Neil Diamond, Boz Scaggs, Joe Tex, Dionne Warwick, Ben E. King, among others. During the '70s, Godchaux-McKay also performed with the Jerry Garcia Band.
Arising from Mobile in 1969, Wet Willie featured Jimmy Hall, a frontman known for his ace harmonica and sax playing as well as soulful vocals. Hall continues to anchor the band to this day. "Keep On Smilin,'" a 1974 top-10 hit, is the group's signature song. Wet Willie's original lineup also boasted Jack Hall, Donna Hall, John David Anthony, Ricky Hirsch and Lewis Ross. A latter day incarnation included T.K. Lively, Rick Seymour and Ricky Chancey.
Harvey Thompson, Charles Rose, Harrison Calloway and Ronnie Eades released four albums as The Muscle Shoals Horns, which launched four songs into the Billboard R&B charts, including "Born To Get Down," which reached number eight. But the quartet is better known for their contributions to other artists' music. The Muscle Shoals Hords have appeared on albums by Bob Dylan, James Brown, Paul Simon, B.B. King, Elton John, Waylon Jennings and many others. In 2015, the horns reunited to perform together for the first time in three decades.


3 PC ARBOR. CAN BE USED INDOORS OR OUTDOORS WITH PROVIDED BASE KIT.
The adjustable opening spans a sidewalk up to 50 .
* Please call us for any questions on our rustic arbor rentals in Fort Madison IA, serving Southeastern Iowa and Western Illinois.


I am a fan of Mitchell work, just put his name on a book and I am sold . The book is published by RandomHouse just in time for Halloween in a date that is not left to chance. Trust me, this is THE book you want to spend a stormy night with curled up under the covers feeling the chills through the spine. Definitely one of the best spooky stories of my all life. After reading online enthusiastic reviews about "Slade House" I had really high expectations and I am pleased to say, I wasn't disappointed. This book is great as it look. As Mitchell's signature, "Slade House" is full of details that recall his previous novels. In this case, is set on the same world of "The Bone Clocks" . On the track of "The Bone Clocks" it falls in the category of fantasy, but on the league of Gaiman's and King's novels, Mitchell create a gothic, thrilling, horror atmosphere of hunted house and paranormal presence. He succeed once more to create an eccentric and bizarre world.
You start this book been pushed straight to a story that seems to be already started, but soon after the initial confusion is vanished, you start sensing that something is wrong. Trough a tiny black iron door in the narrow Slade Alley, you enter a blooming garden with a house on the top of the hill: Slade House. You will end up in Slade House more than once, in a period of time spanning through 1979 to 2015, always on the last saturday of October . Every nine years a guest is lured to the House. They are all special and selected by our hosts, the Grayson's twins Norah and Jonah. We will follow the stories of the 5 guests, some incredibly funny and witty as Nathan ( I love him!). Every time you see a new character entering Slade House, you couldn't help but feel anxious for the inevitable fate awaiting the new "victim" .
Each character is linked to the previous one, they are all well-defined and the narration, even if follows the same patter for each, is very well differentiated. The prose is involving and fast paced and I had a hard time trying to life my life while reading this book because it was impossible to put down. It may sound cliché but is absolute truth.
This book is quite small and it could easily be read in one sitting. I loved every Mitchell novel. "Slade House" is far from the complexity of Cloud Atlas, but still, the ability to manage the stories of multiple characters without neglecting none remain his strength. I give this book 4 stars instead of 5 because despite been a really good book, I din't like much to nearly guess the conclusion of the story because I red "The Bone Clocks" first. It's tricky though, but at the end , the conclusion is not granted and as a reader I am more than happy with it.
I read it on my kindle as digital ARC kindly sent to me by RandomHouse, but I am sure I'll buy the hardback edition because it is a book I'll read for sure again next Halloween . The publication date is quite significant, the 27th of October, just in time to set things read for the last Saturday of October.


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Todd Norell
Mr. Todd Norell joined IHMC in January 2019 to support the Human Health, Resilience, and Performance Team in the pursuit and execution of high impact research efforts to support the warfighter.
For the last 20 years, Mr. Norell has developed and executed R&D programs for academia, small business and industry for the Department of Defense and Intelligence Community. Primarily, he is passionate about making an impact for the men and women in uniform, both military and civilian.
Prior to joining IHMC in 2019, Mr. Norell was the Director of the R&D Division at the Wright State Research Institute, an affiliated entity of Wright State University. Working with many talented researchers and retired military personnel, he expanded WSRI's research capabilities and customer base; generating over $120 million of research funding in five years. He established research focus areas in Human Machine Teaming, Autonomy, LVC Training and Cognitive and Social Sciences. In his five years at WSRI, Mr. Norell gained amazing new perspectives from a university and contractor viewpoint for pursuing R&D funding. He gained new insights into concept development, proposal generation and the fiscal and scientific execution of large-scale R&D programs.
A unique aspect of Mr. Norell's role at WSRI was the leadership of the National Center for Medical Readiness (NCMR). NCMR is a 53-acre military and civilian first responder training facility that was converted from a fully functioning cement plant in 2010. Working with the staff of retired military personnel, the NCMR team expanded their mission to include the research, design, testing and evaluation (RDT&E) of emerging technologies. The coordination of realistic operational training and emerging technologies drastically improved the chances of commercialization and transition, as well as provided high quality training for end-users that become more prepared for real-world missions. In two short years, his efforts were responsible for a $30M ROI for their customer.
Prior to joining WSRI, Todd served 14 years as Vice President at System Planning Corporation directly supporting the Department of Defense and the Intelligence Community. In addition to leading a large group of scientists and engineers, Mr. Norell enjoyed supporting DARPA and IARPA with strategic development for multiple Program Offices, as well working directly with Program Managers in the execution of their world changing, high impact program visions. During his tenure at SPC, Mr. Norell gained invaluable experience from the contractors and governments perspective on technical risk, metric/milestone development, financial execution and life cycle, contractual execution to include working with government agents and experience supporting classified programs of all levels.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Who doesn't love chocolate? That melt-in-your mouth goodness? That rush of foodie endorphins? It's pure joy - right?
How many of us have been able to rationalize eating an abundance of dark chocolate because we've read all the bits about how good for us it is?
I hate to be the one to break it to you, but those claims are not entirely true. Those chocolate bars you buy in your favorite health food markets are highly processed, full of additives and refined sugar – even the 80% cacao versions. And don't even get me started on the evils of milk chocolate.
Here's a way you can get around all that and make your own delicious, healthy, guilt-free chocolate. Good news, right? Here's even better news – it's quick and very easy to make.
melt it). Stir the melted coconut oil, maple syrup and vanilla together in a medium bowl. Sift the raw cacao powder, salt and cinnamon into the coconut mixture.
Stir well and spread out on a 10x14x1/2 inch cookie sheet that has been lined with parchment paper. Put the whole shebang into the refrigerator to harden. When hardened, cut into small pieces, put into a covered plastic or glass container and store in the refrigerator or freezer. Voila!
Here are some health facts about the deliciousness you just made.
Cacao is a superfood. Because it's raw, all the good nutrition and enzymatic value is retained.
Cocoa powder, on the other hand, is cooked and devoid of nutritional benefits.
When we buy chocolate bars, this processed cocoa is laced with additives such as artificial flavors, soy lecithin, soybean oil, and milk solids. The ingredients in these types of chocolate bar contribute to things like weight gain, heart disease, and type II diabetes.
Raw cacao powder, however, has more antioxidants than blueberries. It is a very good source for iron, magnesium, and potassium, and contains more calcium than cow's milk. It's a natural mood elevator and has been shown to be effective as a natural anti-depressant.
Virgin organic coconut oil has been scientifically studied and featured in many articles that highlight its health benefits.
It has been shown to be heart healthy by increasing HDL (good cholesterol). The anti-inflammatory properties in coconut oil reduce inflammation and can help minimize the pain that comes with arthritis.
The lauric acid in coconut oil fights bacteria, yeast & viruses which are often the cause for many disease processes.
Medium chain fatty acids in coconut oil are good for brain health.
Coconut oil is easy to digest and produces longer sustained energy. It balances insulin reaction in the cells to potentially improve type II diabetes.
Using maple syrup is far healthier than using other types of sweeteners such as cane sugar, agave, or corn syrup which are all highly processed.
Maple syrup is not processed. It is derived from the sap of the maple tree and is harvested from the tree in a most simple, pure process. There is no heating and no refining in the making of maple syrup. As such, pure maple syrup contains numerous antioxidants, vitamins and minerals.
It has been shown to be a good anti-inflammatory, is easily digestible, and is lower on the glycemic index scale than sugar.
Table Salt is bleached. It is stripped of its minerals. Sea Salt is toxic as our oceans are becoming more and more polluted.
Himalayan Salt is mined from ancient sea beds from the Punjab region of Pakistan, about 200 miles from the Himalayan Mountain Peaks. The region has one of the richest and most abundant salt fields in the entire world.
Over 4 billion years old, these salt fields date back to when planet Earth first formed. Himalayan salt is believed to be composed of dried remnants of the original, primal sea. How cool is that?
Himalayan Salts are untouched by toxins. They provide 84 trace minerals, supporting thyroid and adrenal function and contributing to strong metabolism.
This magical little spice has a most delightful sweet taste that adds a warming effect to your recipe. A little bit goes a long way. As little as ½ teaspoon daily can positively affect blood sugar levels, immunity, heart health, and brain function.
Homemade chocolate is easy, delicious and good for you on many levels so you can enjoy eating an ounce or two every day – guilt free.
Kathy is a Yogasana (physical yoga) and Nada Yoga (Yoga of Sound) teacher. She facilitates Women's Wisdom Circles, is skilled at storytelling and loves leading heartfelt discussions. She is certified in teaching Sanskrit, Vedic Mantra and other sound based practices.


I changed my password for iMore/Passport. My password is accepted, but when it asks if I have an iMore account and I put my password in, I get an error that says it is a not valid account iMore account?
DING DING DING DING!!!! We have a winner!!!!!


text:
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { Link } from 'react-router-dom';
import FetchingCodeBlock from './FetchingCodeBlock';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
import cx from 'classnames';
import './ComponentInfo.css';

const ComponentInfo = ({ component, sample, used, className, controls }) => {
  return (

{controls}

        <ComponentInfoInfo
          className="info"
          component={component}
          used={used}
          sample={sample}
        />
        <ComponentInfoCode
          className="code"
          component={component}
          sample={sample}
        />

  );
};
ComponentInfo.propTypes = {
  component: PropTypes.shape({}),
  sample: PropTypes.shape({}),
  used: PropTypes.array
};

export default ComponentInfo;

const ComponentInfoInfo = ({ component, sample, used }) => {
  return (

{component.name}

      {component.metadata.description && (
        <ComponentInfoSection title="Description">
          {component.metadata.description}
        </ComponentInfoSection>
      )}
      {used.length > 0 && (
        <ComponentInfoSection title="Used">
          {used.map(p => (
            <Link key={p.id} to={`/component/${p.id}`}>
              {p.name}
            </Link>
          ))}
        </ComponentInfoSection>
      )}

  );
};
ComponentInfoInfo.propTypes = {
  used: PropTypes.arrayOf(
    PropTypes.shape({
      id: PropTypes.string,
      name: PropTypes.string
    })
  ),
  sample: PropTypes.shape({}),
  component: PropTypes.shape({
    name: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
    metadata: PropTypes.shape({
      description: PropTypes.string
    })
  }).isRequired
};
ComponentInfoInfo.defaultProps = {
  used: []
};

const ComponentInfoSection = ({ title, children }) => (

{title}

{children}

);
ComponentInfoSection.propTypes = {
  title: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
  children: PropTypes.node.isRequired
};

class ComponentInfoCode extends Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = { language: null, src: null };
    this.switchMode = this.switchMode.bind(this);
  }
  componentDidMount() {
    this.resetSource();
  }
  componentDidUpdate(prevProps) {
    if (
      prevProps.sample !== this.props.sample ||
      prevProps.component !== this.props.component
    ) {
      this.resetSource();
    }
  }
  resetSource() {
    let state = { language: null, src: null };
    const { sample, component } = this.props;
    if (sample) {
      state.language = 'html';
      state.src = sample.source;
    } else if (component) {
      state.language = component.metadata.source_format;
      state.src = component.source;
    }
    this.setState(state);
  }
  switchMode(e) {
    this.setState({
      language: e.target.getAttribute('data-language'),
      src: e.target.getAttribute('data-src')
    });
  }
  render() {
    const { src, language } = this.state;
    const { sample, component } = this.props;

    return (

        {src && <FetchingCodeBlock src={src} language={language} />}

          {sample && (

              HTML

          )}
          {component && (

              Raw

          )}

    );
  }
}
ComponentInfoCode.propTypes = {
  sample: PropTypes.shape({
    source: PropTypes.string.isRequired
  }),
  component: PropTypes.shape({
    source: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
    metadata: PropTypes.shape({
      source_format: PropTypes.string
    })
  })
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We've definitely talked about MedReleaf Corp (OTCMKTS:MEDFF) much less than some other Canadian cannabis companies, like Aurora and Aphria, but the fact remains that it is Canada's first and only ISO 9001 and ICH-GMP certified cannabis producer, and was voted Top Licensed Producer at the 2017 Lift Canadian Cannabis Awards.
ISO 9001 is a set of international quality management standards that organizations adhere to, to consistently provide products and services that meet customer and regulatory requirements. ICH-GMP is the Good Manufacturing Practice standard set forth by the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals.
MEDFF announced that it has closed its agreement to acquire 1 million square feet of existing greenhouse infrastructure on a 69 acre property in Exeter, Ontario and 95 acres of adjacent land. The total purchase price for the transaction is approximately $26 million, consisting of $21.5 million in cash and 225,083 common shares of MedReleaf.
Work to retrofit the Exeter Facility for cannabis production will begin in April with first harvest expected in the first quarter of 2019, subject to receipt of a license from Health Canada. MedReleaf is fully funded to complete the project with cash on hand. The Exeter Facility, after full retrofit, will have annual production capacity of up to 105,000 kilograms, increasing MedReleaf's fully funded annual production capacity to 140,000 kilograms.
The company believes the move strategically positions MedReleaf with one of Canada's largest and most diverse cannabis cultivation portfolios. Greenhouse cultivation is ideal for producing raw material inputs for extract production, which complements MedReleaf's award-winning portfolio of premium indoor grown cannabis products.
Greenhouse production at scale will lower overall unit production costs and provide added flexibility to enhance adjusted aggregate production contribution margin across product lines, and the expansion plan for 35,000 kilograms per year of premium indoor production remains on track for completion by the end of summer of 2018 and the first product is anticipated to come from the retrofitted Exeter Facility by the first quarter of 2019.
As we said above, we've given Canadian cannabis companies like Aurora and Aphria preferential treatment in the past, but MEDFF is another big bopper on the block that we'll definitely need to make an effort to track more closely as it prepares its new facility and massive cannabis production boost. Stay locked to Street Register for updates, and we'll deliver important developments on MEDFF as they unfold. In the meantime, if you've yet to sign up for our 100% free newsletter, do so now! Just enter your active email address into the box below and submit!
Disclosure: No one at Street Register has been compensated in any way for the publishing of this article, nor do we hold any position in MEDFF stock, short or long.


text:
module Base.AudioManager where
import Graphics.UI.SDL.Mixer as SDL.Mixer

type Id = Int

initialize :: IO ()
initialize = SDL.Mixer.openAudio SDL.Mixer.defaultFrequency SDL.Mixer.AudioU16Sys 1 1024

playSound :: String -> IO Id
playSound file = SDL.Mixer.loadWAV file >>= \x -> SDL.Mixer.playChannel (-1) x 0

stopSound :: Id -> IO ()
stopSound soundID = SDL.Mixer.haltChannel (-1)

playMusic :: SDL.Mixer.Music -> IO ()
playMusic mus = SDL.Mixer.playMusic mus (-1)

stopMusic :: IO ()
stopMusic = SDL.Mixer.haltMusic

--update ::


text:
Animals Wildlife
Newly Discovered Shark Puts on a Light Show to Lure in Its Next Meal
Christian Cotroneo
Christian Cotroneo is the social media editor at Treehugger. He is a founding editor at HuffPost Canada, and former writer at The Dodo and Toronto Star.
The pocket shark was inadvertently collected by the NOAA ship Pisces in 2010. Michael Doosey/Tulane University
Sometimes nature's thoughtfulness seems a little misplaced.
Why, for instance, make a 5-inch shark rarely encountered by humans glow brightly, when there are much bigger, toothier versions that we might appreciate being able to spot from a mile away?
But of course, the newly discovered American pocket shark doesn't care what we think. Its ability to glow in the dark is the ultimate in fast-food convenience.
No more going out for a quick snack. No hanging around corals looking for something to eat. For this shark, dinner is always delivered. It just needs to leave a light on.
In a newly published study from Louisiana's Tulane University, biologists describe a tiny kitefin shark that squirts bioluminescence from its pockets, likely as a lure for smaller fish. The pocket shark — which really should never be placed in your pocket — secretes a glowing fluid from a gland near its front fins. For many bioluminescent marine animals, those flashing lights acts as a beacon for nearby fish that, let's face it, fall for this trick way too often. (For proof, see the horror show that is the black devil angler.)
And just below that cloud of sparkle lurk the jaws of doom. And for good measure, the shark packs its own glow supply — with light-producing organs called photophores covering much of its body.
The study marks the first time this glowing shark has been spotted in the Gulf of Mexico.
"In the history of fisheries science, only two pocket sharks have ever been captured or reported," study co-author Mark Grace, of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), notes in a press release.
Both species of pocket sharks keep their glow juice in pouches located near their gills. Mark Grace/NOAA
The first pocket shark was spotted off the coast of Chile back in 1979. It wasn't classified as a unique species — Mollisquama parini — until five years later.
Similarly, the latest pocket shark discovery — this time in the Gulf of Mexico — took scientists a while to wrap their heads around. It was caught in 2010, but only now described as the new species, Mollisquama mississippiensis.
Unfortunately, as no one realized they were dealing with a new species at the time, neither shark survived being archived. Mark Grace/NOAA
Both shark species produce bioluminous fluid, but the Chilean model is considerably bigger at 16 inches. It also doesn't pack those glittering photophores that make its entire body glow.
Both sharks do, however, spend a lot of time sitting on their tail fins waiting for dinner to come to them.
Which may make you wonder: Wouldn't having dinner delivered every day result in a bigger, chubbier shark? Well, maybe somewhere at the bottom of the Gulf, there is a glowing "Jabba the Hutt."
After all, marine biologists are still far from prying all the secrets from the Gulf's deepest depths.
"The fact that only one pocket shark has ever been reported from the Gulf of Mexico, and that it is a new species, underscores how little we know about the Gulf — especially its deeper waters — and how many additional new species from these waters await discovery," Henry Bart of the Tulane Biodiversity Research Institute, notes in the release.
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Category Archives: Costa Coffee
Investment News: GKN, Cineworld, ARM Holdings, Whitbread & more
Posted by theinvesmentman in ACCRA, Africa, ARM Holdings, banks, BHP Billiton, Bredbury, Business, Centrica, Cineworld, Competition Commission, Costa Coffee, Dart Group, Enquest, Get rich quick, Ghana, GKN, investment, Picturehouse Cinemas, Premier Inn, Reckitt Benckiser, Spirit Pub Company, Uncategorized, United States, usa, Whitbread
ARM Holdings, BHP Billiton, Bredbury, Centrica, Cineworld, Competition Commission, Costa Coffee, Dart Group, Enquest, GKN, Picturehouse Cinemas, Premier Inn, Reckitt Benckiser, Spirit Pub Company, Whitbread
Equities are ticking upwards again, although cautiously ahead of jobs data out of the US later on today. There are also growing concerns over a potential housing bubble in China and warnings of property bubbles in Germany's main cities.
Engineer GKN (GKN) says trading in the period since 30 July has been in line with expectations as continued strong demand from the commercial aerospace sector has outweighed weaker conditions in the defence sector. Total sales were up 16 per cent to £1.87bn, of which 6 per cent was delivered organically. We keep our buy rating.
Cineworld (CINE) has enjoyed continued strong trading during the 16 week period to 17 October with total group revenues up by 11 per cent, helped by a strong performance from the Picturehouse acquisition, which grew proforma sales by 30.6 per cent. The company had a 25.9 per cent share of the market during the period. Two more cinemas will open before the year end, with four scheduled for next year although Cineworld also has to dispose of three of the Picturehouse cinemas following a Competition Commission ruling. The company also warned that the fourth quarter will struggle to compete with the strong 2012 showing which was boosted by the success of Skyfall. Nonetheless we retain our buy recommendation.
Development Securities (DSC) reports a 2 per cent increase in net asset value during the six months to August. The company is continuing to actively trade its portfolio, posting £13.3 of development and trading gains in the period. It also secured planning consents on seven new developments, mostly anchored by supermarkets. Buy.
Spirit Pub Company (SPRT) grew its cash earnings by 2 per cent to £150m in the year to 17 August. Its managed estate grew like for like sales by 1.6 per cent with the leased pubs showing a decline in like for likes of 2.1 per cent. The company continues to wrestle with its debts, reducing them to 4.7 times cash earnings by the period end and launching a debt reprofiling proposal today. We keep our buy recommendation.
North sea oil producer Enquest (ENQ) has acquired Centrica's 50 per cent stake in the Greater Kittiwake area and also its 100 per cent interest in the Kittiwake to Forties oil pipeline. This strategic move opens up the potential for Enquest to create a hub by tying in the nearby Scotty and Crathes fields. The deal will cost $39.9m initially, as well as $5.1m of net debt with a potential deferred consideration of $30m if the field development plan for the Scotty or Crathes fields is approved. Buy.
Simon Thompson recommendation. BP Marsh & Partners (BPM) has posted a 9.3 per cent year on year increase in net asset value to £52m for the six months to July. The company delivered £25.2m of pre-tax gains during the first half and ended the period with £16.5m of cash available.
ARM Holdings (ARM) has posted strong third quarter figures with revenues up by 27 per cent in sterling and pre-tax profit up by 36 per cent to £92.6m, which means year to date profits are 37 per cent higher at £268.6m. The company reports that 2.5 billion Arm-based chips shipped during the period and a solid order backlog means management are confident of hitting fourth quarter expectations of revenues of $290m.
Interim results from Whitbread (WTB) showed a 12.4 per cent rise in total revenues to £1.14bn with group like for like sales up by 2.8 per cent. Underlying profits were 12.6 per cent higher at £216.1m. The prime driver of performance was Costa Coffee, which grew underlying profits by 20.5 per cent although the Hotels and Restaurants grew profits by 7.9 per cent and Premier Inn sales rose 12.2 per cent.
BHP Billiton (BLT) has posted a strong operational performance for the three months to September which means it is able to confirm guidance for full year production for petroleum, copper and coal and raise iron ore guidance to 212m tonnes. The company has slashed $2.7bn in controllable costs during 2013 and is aiming to reduce capital and exploration spending by $16bn next year.
Reckitt Benckiser (RB.) says third quarter revenues rose by 5 per cent, helped by a good showing in emerging markets although the pharmaceuticals division remains a weak spot and a strategic review of this business has commenced.
Industrial chains and transmission specialist Renold (RNO) confirmed that it is planning to drastically reduce its UK facility at Bredbury after a strategic review. Meanwhile, a focus on margin improvement has offset weaker volumes and first half underlying adjusted profit is now expected to beat market expectations.
Budget airline and holidays specialist Dart Group (DTG) flew 4.1m passengers in the six months to September, up 13 per cent on last year and also more than doubled the number of package holiday passengers to 634,866. First half profits are expected to be 37 per cent ahead of last year but second half losses will also be higher due to the increased seasonality of the business. Nonetheless, management remains 'cautiously optimistic' about delivering full year profit growth.
Business news and markets: live (telegraph.co.uk)
EnQuest in $75m deal to boost North Sea presence (scotsman.com)
Cineworld must sell cinemas (thejournal.co.uk)
Bury St Edmunds: Abbeygate Picturehouse in Hatter Street will be sold (eadt.co.uk)
Cineworld forced to sell Aberdeen cinema over competition fears (news.stv.tv)
GKN Aerospace opens engineering centre in Bangalore (news.in.msn.com)
Hargreaves Lansdown Comment Re: Whitbread Trading Update (pressat.co.uk)
Nick Goodway: Whitbread investors need to wake up and smell the coffee (standard.co.uk)
Whitbread boss Andy Harrison sees no sign of recovery outside London (dailymail.co.uk)
Investment News: Gulf Keystone Petroleum, Whitbread, Netplay TV & more
Posted by theinvesmentman in Abcam, Africa, Avanti Communications, AVN, banks, Business, Costa Coffee, Egypt, Equities, Get rich quick, GKP, Gulf Keystone Petroleum, Hylas 2, investment, Kazakhstan, KeyBank, London, London Stock Exchange, New York, Uncategorized, Whitbread
Abcam, Avanti Communications, AVN, Costa Coffee, Egypt, Equities, GKP, Gulf Keystone Petroleum, Hylas 2, June, Kazakhstan, KeyBank, London, London Stock Exchange, New York, Whitbread
Equities in London have followed the positive lead set by New York and Asia overnight with a strong start this morning and The Trader Dominic Picarda sees this as confirmation that the bulls are back in town.
Shares in Gulf Keystone Petroleum (GKP) have been suspended this morning at the request of the company as it prepares for the result of the legal action taken against the company by Excalibur Ventures to be announced later this morning. The shares should be relisted later today. We maintain our buy recommendation for now.
Rolls Royce (RR.) has won a $175m contract to supply equipment to the Kazakhstan section of the Central Asia – China gas pipeline. Buy.
Sell recommendation. Whitbread (WTB) has continued to deliver solid sales growth. In the 24 weeks to 15 August like for like sales rose by 2.6 per cent and total sales by 12.4 per cent. The performance is primarily powered by continued strong growth from the Costa Coffee brand but there are signs of growth slowing a little.
Simon Thompson recommendation. Netplay TV (NPT) has issued strong interim results showing turnover rising 36 per cent and profits up by 47 per cent. The third quarter has also seen a 17 per cent increase in average daily net revenues. Netplay is benefiting from more penetration into the tablet and mobile markets which now account for 28 per cent of net revenue, against 10 per cent last year, and one third of new depositing players.
Interior Services Group (ISG) managed to grow profits and margins in the year to June despite continued difficult end market conditions. Revenues were flat at £1.28bn but underlying profits rose by 14 per cent to £8.5m. The order book ended the year 12 per cent ahead of the previous year at £854m. Buy.
Protein research tools supplier Abcam (ABC) posted a 25 per cent rise in revenues for the year to June which prompted a 20.6 per cent increase in adjusted operating profits to £46.5m and a 17 per cent increase in the full year dividend. Our recommendation is under review.
Meat packer Hilton Food Group (HFG) grew revenues by 9.4 per cent in the first half of the year but post tax profits rose by just 4 per cent, held back by higher input prices and the costs of setting up a joint venture in Australia. We keep our buy rating.
Consumer debt specialist Arrow Global has announced its intention to float on the main list of the London Stock Exchange. The company, which buys up distressed consumer debt from banks and sets about improving collection rates, is expected to be valued around the £400m mark when it floats.
Fenner (FENR) says results for the year to end August are likely to be in line with expectations and that management expects a return to growth next year.
Satellite business Avanti Communications (AVN) grew its revenues by 65 per cent to £20.6m in the year to June and with the Hylas 2 satellite now launched and coverage expanded to 50 countries management expects a similar growth trajectory this year. It has a backlog of £290m, of which £42m is expected to convert to revenues this year.
Healthcare revenues systems specialist Craneware (CRW) survived a tough year in its core US market with revenues coming in flat and profits edging ahead by 4 per cent to $11.2m. The company also reported ending the year with a stronger sales run rate that it began with.
Circle Oil (COP) reports that its latest well, AASE-18, in Egypt has proved successful and is now producing oil. Current gross daily production is running at 11,234 barrels of oil per day with gas production equivalent to 2,282 barrels as well.
Gulf Keystone Petroleum jumps ahead of key court judgement (theguardian.com)
GKP Rises on Takeover Rumours (iraq-businessnews.com)
Thorntons rises on activist investor stake (telegraph.co.uk)
Oil Pipeline From Kurdistan Makes Gulf Keystone Target: Energy – Bloomberg (bloomberg.com)
SMALL CAP SHARE TIPS: Investors rush to snap up penny share pin-up Gulf Keystone Petroleum (thisismoney.co.uk)
SMALL CAP SHARE TIPS: Investors rush to snap up penny share pin-up Gulf Keystone Petroleum (dailymail.co.uk)
GKP to Suspend Shares Pending Verdict (iraq-businessnews.com)
Gulf Keystone's boardroom capitulation | Nils Pratley (guardian.co.uk)
Oil shipments by rail, truck, and barge up substantially (canadafreepress.com)
Keystone XL 'no longer a necessity' for Canadian producers: analyst (business.financialpost.com)


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Hair and fashion trends from the 60s
1st May 20200198
The 60s was a decade full of eclectic styles and experimental trends.
From mod and hippie styles to haircuts like the bob and mop top, styles developed in the 60s still influence how we look and dress today.
Here's a look back at some of the most popular hair and fashion trends from the decade.
Mop top
Mop Top Haircuts
The Beatles are perhaps the best-known wearers of the mop top. The straight down, ear and forehead-covering haircut was in sharp contrast to the men's hairstyles that had been popular just a few years before. Instead of the highly stylised looks of Elvis Presley, men started to adopt the messier, rock and roll feel of the mop top.
Brigitt Bardot sporting the beehive hairstyle
For many women, the 60s were all about big hair, and came to be defined by the beehive hairdo. Hairstylist Margaret Vinci Heldt invented the look in the United States, and it was made popular by the likes of Jackie Onassis Kennedy, Brigitte Bardot and Dusty Springfield.
Mary Quant's mini skirt
Mary Quant's miniskirt
One of the most enduring trends of the 1960s was the mini skirt. Though now it's seen as an everyday item, when hemlines rose above the knee in the 1960s the look was unmistakably fresh and youthful. Mary Quant is famous for popularising the style in London – her shop on the King's Road was a must-stop for fashionable shoppers all over the country.
Different ways to wear the headscarf
Though headscarves had already been around for decades, in the 1960s they became a trendy must-have accessory for a whole range of styles. They were tied below the chin or at the back of the neck for a range of different looks, sometimes covering and protecting the hair or functioning as a stylish headband to complement a fashion look.
Coloured and patterned tights were popular
Colourful, patterned tights rose to popularity in the 1960s and became a must-have accessory for young women everywhere. Coupled with the miniskirt of mini dress, they made a bold statement and looked great with the Mary Jane style shoes also popular at the time.
Go go boot
Nancy Sinatra wearing the Go-go boot
The go-go boot was introduced in the mid 1960s and are a defining element of mod style. They were most commonly white, low-heeled and mid-calf in height. Often also known as the Courreges boot, named after its designer, Andre Courreges.
Vidal Sassoon bob
Vidal Sassoon bob haircuts
Vidal Sassoon's iconic bob was extremely popular in the 1960s, and was worn by everyone from Mia Farrow to Twiggy. It's defined by the short crop below the ear and often included sharp, angular lines.
Did you sport any of these popular hair and fashion trends? What others did we miss from our list? Share your memories in the comments below!
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Five ways to help children and young people stay safe during the coronavirus lockdown
Welsh Government Warm Homes Nest News


Now that most of the students who appeared for CAT or other examinations for entry to the prestigious Business schools are waiting eagerly for their results, many have already begun the preparation for the next stage of evaluation. The second round of screening involves group discussion and personal interview, though some of the B-schools have also introduced written ability test and extempore speech. Besides these, grooming, body language and etiquettes are inbuilt in the assessment parameters of GD and PI. All these criteria are important as Management institutions are supposed to build the future business leaders, entrepreneurs, academicians and even bureaucrats.
B-schools generally assign maximum weightage to the written examinations such as CAT, MAT, XAT, etc. followed by Personal Interview, Group Discussion, and Academic performance. Off late, a large proportion of students who score very high percentile in entrance examinations are found to be lacking in verbal or written English communication. Therefore, some prestigious B-schools have introduced extempore speech and written ability test (WAT) also in their screening process.
In the following passage, the above mentioned selection criteria have been briefly discussed along with a few tips on tackling them.
Its purpose is to assess the body language, confidence, creative thinking, and clarity of thoughts, vocabulary, time management and command over language. For preparation, you need to work on two aspects; topics and their delivery. You must read newspapers regularly and search for a few abstract topics as well those related to sports, business, current events, entertainment and politics. Practise speaking in front of mirror, family and friends and also get your video recorded on mobile, so that you may notice your mistakes later on. It is important that your speech is precise and relevant to the topic. Do not repeat the same idea as it will convey that you are short of content and knowledge. Avoid slangs, use of controversial or outdated information. Try to maintain your confidence and cool and take long deep breath to avoid nervousness. It is always better to assimilate your thoughts or sentences first and then begin rather than starting instantaneously and trying to recollect the contents later on. At times, if not comfortable or ignorant, asking for an alternate topic is better than starting with half-baked contents.
Future managers are required to communicate extensively with their clients, colleagues and business partners. It is therefore vital that no wrong or misleading communication is passed on as the reputation of their organisation is at stake. Keeping this in mind, a few B-schools have introduced written ability test as additional screening stage. WAT is generally in the form of essay but it could also be an e-mail or a business letter. The purpose is mainly to assess the writing abilities of the candidate. The sentences should be crisp and grammatically correct without any spelling errors. The use of flowery language may not be that significant but more emphasis should be on the use of words, punctuations, conjunctions, etc. so as to convey the right meaning related to the topic. Also, handwriting should be neat and clear and cuttings should be avoided. It is better if you pick some topics and write a few paragraphs on each one of them without any help. Later, get those checked by some language faculty or expert.
The GD is conducted to assess the leadership, oratory and team skills of the candidate as well as his knowledge of the current business environment and recent events. For preparation, you must write at-least 500 words on your own on each of the probable GD topics. This will help in framing your own ideas and assimilating them. For practice, it is always better to do a mock GD with a group of friends. One amongst you can make a video recording and act as a moderator. He can later provide the valuable feedback to each, on the shortcomings and mistakes.
During GD, it is important to initiate the discussion but you should have valid points to begin with. If not an initiator, try to be among the first three speakers and do not expect others to give you the chance to speak. While maintaining the decorum, you must assert yourself to begin and remain in the discussion throughout. It is always better to keep adding some new dimensions to the topic so that discussion gets centred on you. When 2-3 candidates simultaneously start speaking and create a fish market situation, better wait for a couple of seconds. You may also interrupt and politely ask them to speak one by one. Also your gesture, body language and facial expression should convey that you are sincerely and keenly participating in the discussion and taking interest in it. Never look at the moderator during the discussion.
This is the most important screening process in which candidates are assessed on Subject Knowledge, General Awareness, Attitude, Etiquettes and Attire. While going for the PI, brush-up your graduation subjects thoroughly. You should have clear understanding of the popular theories or concepts related to the courses studied. You should also be aware of important events that have recently happened nationally or internationally. Also go through the application form that you filled up for that particular B-school.
One question that is most commonly asked is 'Tell us about yourself' or 'Introduce Yourself'. This is a tricky question as interviewer may pick a lot of weak spots from this introduction and may cross question you to make you nervous and confused. Your initial introduction should be brief and must mention mostly those aspects which are not mentioned in the application form. You can tell about the graduation stream, experience if any, internships or training programs and your interests and hobbies. You may be asked the justification for opting for management course instead of going for a job, PSU competitions or post-graduation in the existing stream. You may also be asked about your career plans on completion of the management program, after two years. Always take permission before entering the room and while taking the seat. Greet the interviewers before sitting and thank them while leaving the room. Always look straight into the eyes of the interviewer and do not look elsewhere while answering the questions. Your attire should be professional i.e. plain shirt, dark coloured trousers, coat, tie or scarf, polished leather shoes, shaven beard in case of boys and neatly combed or tied hair. This attire is still preferred by most of the corporate professionals.
There is no single recipe for the success, yet some of these guidelines might be of assistance to those who are appearing for such processes for the first time or have not undergone any coaching previously. These tips might be helpful to the job aspirants as similar process is generally followed by the companies while hiring freshers from the campuses.
At JIMS, Rohini, screening of students for admission to various PGDM programs is done on some of the above mentioned criteria. Besides, special sessions are held regularly for the existing students to prepare them for the GD, PI and written tests for the forthcoming placements processes.
Dr. Sumesh Raizada is presently Professor (Marketing) at the Jagan Institute of Management Studies, Rohini, Delhi. He was earlier Dean for the PGDM and PGDM (Retail Management) programmes at JIMS. He is PhD, MBA and graduate in Electrical Engineering. He has nearly 30 years of experience of which 19 years has been in corporate mainly in the marketing, in M/s Crompton Greaves Limited. He has presented and published over 30 research papers in conferences and journals, edited 02 books and has contributed 100 newspaper articles. Dr.Raizada has also participated in several Workshops, Seminars, MDPs and FDPs.


Q. How do I find e-books?
If you are interested in finding books that are ONLY available electronically, use the Advanced Search on the library homepage. If prompted, sign into the library using your MyGate username and password.
On the Advanced Search screen, enter your search terms into each box. On the right side of the page, change your Material Type to Books and your Search Scope to Books and Media. Click Search.
After your results load, you will have some books that are electronic and some that are available in the library. To select full-text online books, click full-text online.
To read the book, click on the book title. You'll see the screen below and click on Read Online.
To download a copy onto your computer for short-term use, click on the Download tab and choose either a 1 or 7-day loan. The book will disappear from your device at the end of the loan period.


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The Fall of the Inter American Court of Human Rights: A recent decision of the Inter American Court of Human Rights should move member states to reconsider membership in the Inter American system as it currently exists.
By Alejandro Leal, Ph.D.
In 1973, abortion activists in the United States discovered that it is easier to change the constitution by securing sympathetic justices on the Supreme Court instead of using the means intended by the nation's founders, the Constitutional Amendment process. The strategy is simple: once you have a majority of justices sympathetic to your cause, find victims whose story has the necessary elements, reach out to friends in the media, and proceed to bring a case on the behalf of the victims that will undo any problematic legislative obstacles to your desired end.
Forty years after Roe v Wade, a similar judicial usurpation of law happened with the decision of the Inter American Court of Human Rights (ACHR) issued against Costa Rica because it had prohibited the practice of in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Inter-American Court of Human Rights, J. Arguedas/EPA/Corbis
There is an important difference in this case, however; the court in question has issued its ruling from outside the legal authority of Costa Rica. Citizens of the United States and its Latin American neighbors would do well to pay attention to the growing power of this body of unaccountable political appointees.
Several months ago, the ACHR condemned Chile in Atala Riffo and daughters v. Chile, in favor of "homosexual rights." In December, the ACHR condemned Costa Rica for defending human life from its biological beginning. It is worth noting that Costa Rica does so in accordance not only with its own Constitution, but also with the Inter-American Convention of Human Rights. According to this convention, "every person has the right to have his life respected. This right shall be protected by law and, in general, from the moment of conception. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life" (Article 4.1).
The Court did not find significant the fact that that many more embryos are killed via in vitro fertilization than by natural birth. Nor did they consider the growing number of peer-reviewed studies showing that there are often grave physical problems in the children who survive to be born. One would think that such scientific evidence would be relevant to the case, but what is worse is that the science employed in the Court's decision is specious at best. For example, the Court held that human life begins from the moment of implantation in the uterus, attempting to leave without protection the embryo prior to that moment.
As a practicing scientist in the field of human genetics, I would like to ask the judges to what species they believe growing human embryos belong to before implantation. Additionally, what do they do with all of the evidence that demonstrates that during fertilization and the transit via the fallopian tubes, the embryo receives a vast stimulation from the mother, as well as its own self-development? This natural process is not comparable to the in vitro process.
Indeed, IVF deficiently mimics what happens in the fallopian tubes under natural circumstances. There is mounting scientific evidence of harm done to children who survive the IVF process and are not aborted selectively, as is common among parents who only want the number of children ordered.
In the dispositive part of the sentence, the Court ordered that IVF in Costa Rica not only be fully legalized, but that State health services include the controversial procedure among its "treatments." Juridically, this is the only binding part of the sentence.
As if this were not enough, the Court asserted that "it is not possible to sustain that the embryo can be considered a person under the terms of Article 4 of the Convention." This is contrary to the same text, to which all Latin American states have accepted.
Judge Vio Grossi, the lone dissenting vote among the jurists, demonstrates how the term "conception" found in the Convention is synonymous with fecundation, and that is how it had been understood universally in 1969 when the Convention was written and signed. Grossi also states that in the 1999 decision Children of the Street v Guatemala, the Court affirmed:
[T]he right to life is a fundamental human right, and to enjoy it is a prerequisite for the enjoyment of all other rights. If it is not respected, all other rights lack meaning. On the basis of the fundamental character of the right to life, all restrictive understandings of it cannot be admitted.
Nonetheless, now the ACHR sustains in its vote that the right to life is not absolute and must be considered along with other rights, such as the "right of intimacy." With this, the Court has opened the doors to all matter of attacks against human life, in particular against the persons who are most defenseless at the beginning and end of their lives, thus contradicting its own charter as a court of human rights.
Consequently, Judge Grossi affirms that the Court made a political decision by taking on a prescribing function, thus distorting the nature of the role of the Court that will have an effect on the role of the entire Inter-American Convention of Human Rights. The judges modified the Convention forcing member states to proceed in a different manner to what they had committed to themselves when they signed the Convention. They did not issue their decision in accordance with the express law, but in accordance with their opinions. In doing so, they admit to forwarding an "evolving" interpretation to the Convention. They are taking on a function that does not correspond to them and which lays only with the power of the sovereign states of Central and North America.
When confronting this situation, we find ourselves standing in front of a corrupt system in which the right to life is relative. The so called "sexual and reproductive rights" have been accepted by the Court. Now the doors are open wide so that the Convention can be used to legalize abortion, euthanasia, and any other attempt against life (including the death penalty), all in the name of "human rights," and all decided by judges who are entirely unaccountable to any single member nation's laws and politics.
When a panel of unelected and unaccountable political appointees can ignore any nation's laws and constitution and issue binding decisions that are beyond appeal, it is time for this organization's member states to revisit whether the Court and its supporting structures still serve their stated and intended purpose.
The nations of Latin America must awaken. They must reclaim their rightful sovereignty and defend not only their Constitutions and traditions, but also their most vulnerable brothers and sisters. They must keep these unaccountable supranational entities in their place while developing robust institutions for collaboration and free trade. We need only look across the ocean to see an overweening supranational body that not only usurps the laws of member nations, but will drag its members into fiscal and moral insolvency to do so.
The entities created ostensibly to unite the nations of North and South America have instead become divisive precisely because they have abandoned the common understanding of human rights that their charter empowered them to uphold. As we see in the United States, this abandonment does not lead to greater unity, but to greater division and acrimony that infects every facet of politics and culture.
If we desire true unity and peace, we must dispense with the ACHR and build structures that represent the true values of Latin American people, and not only the elites who want to change who we are and what we believe.
Dr. Alejandro Leal is a full professor of human genetics in the University of Costa Rica School of Biology, and president of the Association For The Defense of Life (Asociación para la Defensa de la Vida / ADEVI). He served as scientific advisor and member of the Official Costa Rican Mission to the Interamerican Commission on Human Rights in this case.
Articles by Alejandro:
The Fall of the Inter American Court of Human Rights
Tags: Abortion, Costa Rica, Death Penalty, Euthanasia, Inter American Court of Human Rights, IVF, Latin America, Roe v. Wade, Supreme Court, United States of America
Pingback: HLI Ukraine Fights IVF; Develops New Pro-Life Training Program


Led by Joey Ramone's younger brother Mickey Leigh, New York's Rattlers take a less stylized but equally sincere approach to essential '60s pop on Rattled!, a swell LP of zesty originals and cool covers partially produced by ex-Ramone Tommy Erdelyi. The quartet uses a touch of keyboards and neat vocal harmonies to dress up simply drawn tunes like the melodic "I Won't Be Your Victim," the beat-era "Pure + Simple" and imaginary monster-movie theme song "On the Beach." An ace version of the Nightcrawlers' classic "Little Black Egg" is worth the price of admission, but the rest of the LP is no disappointment.


Hi i'm Megan Reising, a sophomore here at PHHS, and this is my first year in journalism and I am super excited to see what this year will bring. I am a member of Student Council, the Bass Fishing Team, and Photo Club. I'm not quite sure what college I want to go to, but I what to major in photography. My goal is to one day be a National Geographic Photographer, but for now I'll stick to photo club.


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text:
Q: Is initializing a char[] with a string literal bad practice? I was reading a thread titled "strlen vs sizeof" on CodeGuru, and one of the replies states that  "it's anyways [sic] bad practice to initialie [sic] a char array with a string literal."
Is this true, or is that just his (albeit an "elite member") opinion?

Here is the original question:
#include <stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
main()
{
    char string[] = "october";
    strcpy(string, "september");

    printf("the size of %s is %d and the length is %d\n\n", string, sizeof(string), strlen(string));
    return 0;
}

right. the size should be the length plus 1 yes?
this is the output
the size of september is 8 and the length is 9
size should be 10 surely. its like its calculating the sizeof string before it is changed by strcpy but the length after.
Is there something wrong with my syntax or what?

Here is the reply:

It's anyways bad practice to initialie a char array with a string literal. So always do one of the following:

const char string1[] = "october";
char string2[20]; strcpy(string2, "september");

A:
It's anyways bad practice to initialie a char array with a string literal.

The author of that comment never really justifies it, and I find the statement puzzling.
In C (and you've tagged this as C), that's pretty much the only way to initialize an array of char with a string value (initialization is different from assignment).  You can write either
char string[] = "october";

or
char string[8] = "october";

or
char string[MAX_MONTH_LENGTH] = "october";

In the first case, the size of the array is taken from the size of the initializer.  String literals are stored as arrays of char with a terminating 0 byte, so the size of the array is 8 ('o', 'c', 't', 'o', 'b', 'e', 'r', 0).  In the second two cases, the size of the array is specified as part of the declaration (8 and MAX_MONTH_LENGTH, whatever that happens to be).
What you cannot do is write something like
char string[];
string = "october";

or
char string[8];
string = "october";

etc.  In the first case, the declaration of string is incomplete because no array size has been specified and there's no initializer to take the size from.  In both cases, the = won't work because a) an array expression such as string may not be the target of an assignment and b) the = operator isn't defined to copy the contents of one array to another anyway.
By that same token, you can't write
char string[] = foo;

where foo is another array of char.  This form of initialization will only work with string literals.
EDIT
I should amend this to say that you can also initialize arrays to hold a string with an array-style initializer, like
char string[] = {'o', 'c', 't', 'o', 'b', 'e', 'r', 0};

or
char string[] = {111, 99, 116, 111, 98, 101, 114, 0}; // assumes ASCII

but it's easier on the eyes to use string literals.
EDIT2
In order to assign the contents of an array outside of a declaration, you would need to use either strcpy/strncpy (for 0-terminated strings) or memcpy (for any other type of array):
if (sizeof string > strlen("october"))
  strcpy(string, "october");

or
strncpy(string, "october", sizeof string); // only copies as many characters as will
                                           // fit in the target buffer; 0 terminator
                                           // may not be copied, but the buffer is
                                           // uselessly completely zeroed if the
                                           // string is shorter!

A: Primarily because you won't have the size of the char[] in a variable / construct that you can easily use within the program.
The code sample from the link:
 char string[] = "october";
 strcpy(string, "september");

string is allocated on the stack as 7 or 8 characters long.  I can't recall if it's null-terminated this way or not - the thread you linked to stated that it is.
Copying "september" over that string is an obvious memory overrun.
Another challenge comes about if you pass string to another function so the other function can write into the array.  You need to tell the other function how long the array is so it doesn't create an overrun.  You could pass string along with the result of strlen() but the thread explains how this can blow up if string is not null-terminated.
You're better off allocating a string with a fixed size (preferably defined as a constant) and then pass the array and fixed size to the other function.  @John Bode's comment(s) are correct, and there are ways to mitigate these risks.  They also require more effort on your part to use them.
In my experience, the value I initialized the char[] to is usually too small for the other values I need to place in there.  Using a defined constant helps avoid that issue.

sizeof string will give you the size of the buffer (8 bytes); use the result of that expression instead of strlen when you're concerned about memory.
Similarly, you can make a check before the call to strcpy to see if your target buffer is large enough for the source string: if (sizeof target > strlen(src)) { strcpy (target, src); }.
Yes, if you have to pass the array to a function, you'll need to pass its physical size as well: foo (array, sizeof array / sizeof *array);. – John Bode

A: One thing that neither thread brings up is this:
char whopping_great[8192] = "foo";

vs.
char whopping_great[8192];
memcpy(whopping_great, "foo", sizeof("foo"));

The former will do something like:
memcpy(whopping_great, "foo", sizeof("foo"));
memset(&whopping_great[sizeof("foo")], 0, sizeof(whopping_great)-sizeof("foo"));

The latter only does the memcpy.  The C standard insists that if any part of an array is initialized, it all is.  So in this case, it's better to do it yourself.  I think that may have been what treuss was getting at.
For sure
char whopping_big[8192];
whopping_big[0] = 0;

is better than either:
char whopping_big[8192] = {0};

or
char whopping_big[8192] = "";

p.s. For bonus points, you can do:
memcpy(whopping_great, "foo", (1/(sizeof("foo") <= sizeof(whopping_great)))*sizeof("foo"));

to throw a compile time divide by zero error if you're about to overflow the array.

A: I think the "bad practise" idea comes from the fact that this form :
char string[] = "october is a nice month";

makes implicitly a strcpy from the source machine code to the stack.
It is more efficient to handle only a link to that string. Like with :
char *string = "october is a nice month";

or directly :
strcpy(output, "october is a nice month");

(but of course in most code it probably doesn't matter)

A: The only problem I recall is assigning string literal to char *:
char var1[] = "september";
var1[0] = 'S'; // Ok - 10 element char array allocated on stack
char const *var2 = "september";
var2[0] = 'S'; // Compile time error - pointer to constant string
char *var3 = "september";
var3[0] = 'S'; // Modifying some memory - which may result in modifying... something or crash

For example take this program:
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  char *var1 = "september";
  char *var2 = "september";
  var1[0] = 'S';
  printf("%s\n", var2);
}

This on my platform (Linux) crashes as it tries to write to page marked as read-only. On other platforms it might print 'September' etc.
That said - initialization by literal makes the specific amount of reservation so this won't work:
char buf[] = "May";
strncpy(buf, "September", sizeof(buf)); // Result "Sep"

But this will
char buf[32] = "May";
strncpy(buf, "September", sizeof(buf));

As last remark - I wouldn't use strcpy at all:
char buf[8];
strcpy(buf, "very long string very long string"); // Oops. We overwrite some random memory

While some compilers can change it into safe call strncpy is much safer:
char buf[1024];
strncpy(buf, something_else, sizeof(buf)); // Copies at most sizeof(buf) chars so there is no possibility of buffer overrun. Please note that sizeof(buf) works for arrays but NOT pointers.
buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';

A: Never is really long time, but you should avoid initialization char[] to string, because, "string" is const char*, and you are assigning it to char*.
So if you pass this char[] to method who changes data you can have interesting behavior.
As commend said I mixed a bit char[] with char*, that is not good as they differs a bit.
There's nothing wrong about assigning data to char array, but as intention of using this array is to use it as 'string' (char *), it is easy to forget that you should not modify this array.

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National Athletic Trainers' Association Welcomes Kathy Dieringer as President During the NATA 2021 Virtual Clincial Symposia & AT Expo
DALLAS, TX – The National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) today welcomes Kathy Dieringer, EdD, LAT, ATC as its new president during the associations' 2021 NATA Virtual Clinical Symposia & AT Expo, held live June 22-24. Dieringer, the 15th president in NATA's history, has more than 30 years of sports medicine experience and brings with her a deep passion for the athletic training profession and a clear vision for her new role as she succeeds outgoing President, Tory Lindley, MA, ATC.
Dieringer will serve a three-year term as president. Two current board members will take on new leadership roles during her term. The NATA Board of Directors elected Tony Fitzpatrick, MA, LAT, ATC (District 10), as vice president, and Diane Sartanowicz, MS, LAT, ATC (District 1), was appointed by President Dieringer to the position of secretary/treasurer.
"It is a tremendous honor to be elected by my peers to lead the National Athletic Trainers' Association," said NATA President, Kathy Dieringer, EdD, LAT, ATC. "I intend to combine my passion and experience as an athletic trainer with my business acumen to benefit and grow the incredible health care profession of athletic training while addressing the challenges that exist for the profession. Now, more than ever, athletic trainers are impacting health care by providing exceptional care to their patients. I will work closely with our members, volunteer leaders and staff to ensure that the public is aware of and benefits from the expertise of athletic trainers while athletic trainers benefit and prosper as members of NATA."
"Kathy is an extraordinary and accomplished leader. The members of NATA will benefit greatly from her depth of clinical experience, business acumen and exemplary volunteerism for the association and the athletic training profession," said NATA Executive Director, David Saddler. "We have every confidence that our great association and certainly the profession, will advance significantly during President Dieringer's term."
Dieringer currently is the sole owner of three outpatient rehabilitation clinics (D&D Sports Med) in the north Texas area; employing more than 45 staff members, including athletic trainers, physical therapists, occupational therapists and strength and conditioning specialists. She manages all aspects of her clinics, while simultaneously continuing to provide quality patient care. Previously, Dieringer worked in the collegiate (NCAA Division I and Division II), secondary schools and clinical settings.
Dieringer's passion for giving back to the profession has resulted in 16 years of volunteering for NATA and the Athletic Training Strategic Alliance. In addition to serving on various state, district and NATA committees, Dieringer served as NATA District Six director and secretary/treasurer of the NATA, president of Southwest Athletic Trainers' Association (SWATA), Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) commissioner and chair of the NATA Clinical and Emerging Practice Athletic Trainers' Committee (currently known as the NATA Council on Practice Advancement (COPA)). Her visionary approach to the profession resulted in the creation of the Healthcare Reform Workgroup and the implementation of the Accountable Care Organization Demonstration Project, currently in progress. Such projects, designed to illustrate the value of an AT, are evidence of Dieringer's ability to conceptualize and develop opportunities for the profession.
Dieringer's global health care and business experience, combined with her doctorate in education, enables her to empower and enrich professionals in all arenas of health care and to advocate and advance athletic training as a leading force in health care. An accomplished speaker and author, she has been the recipient of many honors, including the 2019 American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) Most Distinguished Athletic Trainer, induction into the 2017 NATA Hall of Fame and the 2008 SWATA Hall of Fame.
About NATA: National Athletic Trainers' Association – Health Care for Life & Sport
Athletic trainers are health care professionals who specialize in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of injuries and sport-related illnesses. They prevent and treat chronic musculoskeletal injuries from sports, physical and occupational activity, and provide immediate care for acute injuries. Athletic trainers offer a continuum of care that is unparalleled in health care. The National Athletic Trainers' Association represents and supports more than 40,000 members of the athletic training profession. Visit nata.org for more information.
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A Catalyst for Progress and Change
In honor of Black History Month, NATA will highlight some of our Black leaders at the state, district and national levels and share insight into their volunteer journeys. The love for athletic training came easily to Rob Dicks, MA, LAT, ATC, whose passion for athletics and health care...
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