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New Chinese foreign minister heads to Africa for first trip
ByNFO
Jan 10, 2023 Africa, Angola, Asia Pacific, benin, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Middle East, News
The new foreign minister's visit follows in the footsteps of his predecessors over the last three decades.
China's new foreign minister Qin Gang is starting his term with a weeklong trip to five African countries, its foreign ministry announced.
Qin, who until recently was ambassador to the United States, will visit Ethiopia, Gabon, Angola, Benin and Egypt from January 9 to 16, spokesperson Wang Wenbin said at a daily media briefing on Monday.
In Egypt, Qin will also meet the secretary-general of the Arab League.
The new foreign minister is following in the footsteps of his predecessors, who for more than 30 years have started each year with a trip to Africa.
"It shows that China attaches great importance to the traditional friendship with Africa and the development of China-Africa relations," Wang said.
Qin, 56, was appointed foreign minister on December 30. He succeeded Wang Yi, 69, who has replaced Yang Jiechi as the government's top foreign policy official.
Some commentators have called the China-Africa cooperation a symbiotic relationship from which both parties stand to gain. But there have also been controversies about a perceived "debt trap" and China's "palace diplomacy" – funding huge infrastructure projects for African governments to secure influence within their ranks.
And as the United States and France look to rebuild relationships with Africa just as Russia's sphere of influence is widening, China has been strengthening its footing on the continent.
The moves demonstrate the increased need to woo Africa at a time of growing global tension and a potential "new Cold War", said Stephen Chan, a professor of world politics at the University of London's School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS).
"France, Russia, the US and China are all courting African countries – both for diplomatic support in organs like the UN, but also as economic and political allies and partners," he told Al Jazeera.
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#Chinese #foreign #minister #heads #Africa #trip
Hamlin leaves hospital a week after cardiac arrest
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Jan 16, 2023 NFO
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Friday Night Photos #102
Use borrowed chords to add drama, depth, and variety to your music.
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The article contains a review of special literature on methods for selecting legs of cement-free endoprostheses. The problem of the necessity to carry on thorough preoperative planning and selection of the endoprosthesis leg according to the shape of the femoral canal is examined. The femoral component with the proper (proximal, intermediate or distal) type of fixation is chosen with regard for the proximal canal shape and thereby the maximally possible area of the contact between the implant and bone tissue is secured. In case of the conical shape of the canal, as a rule, authors usually use wedge-shaped legs with the intermediate type of fixation. The proximal type is used for completely preserved proximal femurs. But if the canal is cylindrical, straight anatomical legs are chosen with a possibility of distal fixation.
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Елкин Д.В. Клинико-анатомическое обоснование применения бедренных компонентов дистальной фиксации при эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава: автореф. дис. на соискание уч. степени канд. мед. наук : спец. 14.01.21 «Травматология и ортопедия» / Д.В. Елкин. — Москва, 2008. — 20 с.
Загородний Н.В. Эндопротезирование при повреждениях и заболеваниях тазобедренного сустава: автореф. дис. на соискание уч. степени док. мед. наук: спец. 14.01.21 «Травматология и ортопедия» / Н.В. Загородний. — Москва, 1998. — 32 с.
Загородний Н.В. Эндопротезирование тазобедренного сустава эндопротезами нового поколения / Н.В. Загородний/ / Вестн. травматол. и ортопед. им Н.Н. Приорова. — 1999. — № 4. — С. 28–34.
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Особенности подбора ножек бесцементного эндопротеза при первичном эндопротезировании / В.А. Филиппенко, Д.Е. Петренко, О.А. Подгайская и др.: зб. наук. праць «Актуальні питання ортопедії травматології». — Запоріжжя, 2008. — Вип. 73, кн. 2. — С. 69–72.
Петренко Д.Е. Профилактика ранней асептической нестабильности ножки эндопротеза тазобедренного сустава: автореф. дис. на соискание уч. степени канд. мед. наук: спец. 14.01.21 «Травматология и ортопедия» / Д.Е. Петренко. — Харьков, 2004. — 20 с.
Предпосылки развития асептической нестабильности тотального бесцементного эндопротеза тазобедренного сустава / Г.В. Гайко, В.М. Подгаецкий., О.М. Сулима и др. // Ортопед., травматол. — 2008. — № 4.
A quantitative analysis of bone support comparing cementless tapered and distal fixation total hip replacements / J.L. Howard, A.J. Hui, R.B. Bourne et al. // J. Arthroplasty. — 2004. — Vol. 19. — Issue 3. — P. 266–273.
Bionic-workshop / R. Erhatic-Sirnik, F. Copf, V. Pisot et al. // Bistra/Slovenien, 2003.
Comparison of Porous-Coated Titanium Femoral Stems with and without Hydroxyapatite Coating / Y-H. Kim, J-S. Kim, S-H. Oh et al. // J. Bone Joint Surg. — 2003. — Vol. 85. — P. 1682–1688.
Early radiographic results comparing cemented and cementless total hip arthroplasty / B.D. Mulliken, N. Nayak., R.B. Bourne et al. // J. Arthroplasty. — 1996. — Vol. 11. — P. 24–33.
Engh C.A. Porous-coated hip replacement. The factors governing bone ingrowth, stress-shielding and clinical results / C.A. Engh, J.D. Bobyn, A.H. Glassman // J. Bone Joint Surg. Br. — 1987. — Vol. 69-B. — P. 45–55.
Errors of radiographic estimation of fit and fill of cementless femoral components / D.E. Hayes, J.K. Taylor, H.A. Paul et al. // Orthop. Trans. — 1991. — Vol. 16. — P. 533.
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Ten to Twelve-Year Results With the Zweymüller Cementless Total Hip Prosthesis / Ton M.J. Vervest, Patricia G. Anderson, Freek van Hout // J. Arthroplasty. — 2005. — Vol. 20. — Issue 3. — P. 362–368.
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The anatomic basis of the concept of lateralized femoral stems. A frontal plane radiographic study of proximal femur / P. Massin, Geasis, E. Astoin et al. // J. Arthroplasty. — 2000. — Vol. 15. — P. 93–101.
Total hip arthroplasties: What are the reasons for revivion? /Slif D. Ulrich, Thorsten M. Seyler, D. Bennet et al. // Inter. Orthop. — 2008. — Vol. 32. — № 5. — P. 597–604.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
\section{Introduction}

Simbol--X will be very important for the understanding of the physics
of jets by observing low power, lineless and TeV emitting BL Lacs and
high power, Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) with relevant broad
emission lines.
Both subclasses can emit most of their luminosity in the hard X--ray band.
While low power BL Lacs are well known hard X-ray emitters, we here
emphasise the properties of the (less known) most powerful blazar jets.
They can be the most rewarding Simbol--X blazar targets.

Very low and very high power blazars are at the two extremes of the
blazar sequence, since its main parameter
is the  apparent luminosity \cite{fossati98}.
Their spectral energy distribution (SED) has two broad humps
whose peak frequencies increase as the total luminosity
decreases.
At the same time, the dominance of the high energy hump over the low
energy one increases with luminosity.
This sequence has been interpreted in terms of radiative cooling
becoming more important with total luminosity, thus allowing the
presence of high energy electrons only in low luminosity sources
\cite{gg98}.
In \cite {gg08} we proposed a new version of the blazar sequence,
linking the jet power to the accretion rate
of the associated disk, and pointing out the importance of the
mass of the black hole, governing the distance scale $R_{\rm diss}$
where most of the jet dissipation occurs.
This is a crucial quantity, since it determines the value of the magnetic field
in the emitting region, and controls, in high power blazars, the amount of
radiation produced externally to the jet, whose photons
are the seeds for the ``external" inverse Compton (EC) process.
Thus the shape of the SED and the ratio between the inverse
Compton to the synchrotron luminosity (called ``Compton dominance")
depends on $R_{\rm diss}$, as investigated in \cite{gg09}.
As a source of seed photons, we included the radiation from
the accretion disk and its X--ray corona, the broad line region (BLR),
an infrared emitting torus and the cosmic microwave background.

\section{Low power BL Lacs}

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[height=.35\textheight]{1959f}
\includegraphics[height=.35\textheight]{1959zoomx}
\caption{{\it Left:} the SED of 1ES 1959+650 (data from \cite{gt08}
and references therein).
We show also the sensitivity curve of Simbol--X for $10^4$ s exposure.
{\it Right:} The X--ray spectra at different days during the campaign
of May 19-29, 2006, from \cite{gt08}. On the left panel the flux increases; while on the right
panel it decreases.
On this week--timescale, the variability has a well defined trend, and it is not random.
}
\label{f1}
\end{figure}

Low power jets, and their progenitor FR I radio--galaxies, are likely
associated to radiatively inefficient accretion disks, accreting
at a small fraction (i.e. $\sim 10^{-3}$) of the Eddington rate.
Thus the ionising radiation is small, and the BLR, even if it can be present
(as in BL Lac itself), should be located very close to the black hole.
Dissipation distances $R_{\rm diss}$ of order of a few hundreds of Schwarzschild\ radii
imply that most of the jet luminosity is emitted in a ``photon clean"
environment, with no (or weak) external seed photons (apart from the possible
presence of an emitting slow ``layer", see below).
Consequently, the high energy emission is due to the self--Compton
mechanism (SSC).
Fig. \ref{f1} shows one example, 1ES 1959+650
(data in \cite{gt08}).
The synchrotron flux peaks at a few keV, ensuring the presence of
high energy electrons, producing, by their SSC emission, a peak
at hundreds of GeV.
There are other, even more extreme BL Lacs, like Mkn 501, 1ES 1101--232
\cite{pian,aharonian,wolter},
with synchrotron peaks above 100 keV.
Low power BL Lacs are therefore the best TeV candidates.
Fig. \ref{f1} shows also the sensitivity curve of Simbol-X
for an exposure time of $10^4$ s, to illustrate that even
with a relatively short exposure it is
possible to study the spectrum and the variability
of these kind of sources, up to 100 keV.
Among the most interesting topics to be studied there are:
i) to find possible lags between different X--ray frequencies,
including the unexplored 10--100 keV range.
This gives information on the cooling/acceleration process
(i.e. cooling electrons should produce lags between high and low
frequency fluxes, while shock accelerated electrons should correspond
to the opposite behaviour, see e.g. \cite{kirk}.
ii) We can study trends in the X--ray spectral variability.
This can shed light on the way the dissipation occurs: if the
variability has a random character, then it can be produced by
different emitting region varying independently.
This is what the ``internal shock model" predicts (\cite{spada,guetta}.
If there are well defined trends, then a ``standing shock model"
is favoured (see, e.g. the discussion in \cite{gt08} and Fig. \ref{f1}).
iii) Electrons emitting at 10--100 keV by synchrotron emit around or above the
peak of the SSC one. Coordinated campaigns can tell if both fluxes are coming from
the same electrons.
iv) If so, the detailed knowledge of the synchrotron spectrum helps to
model the high energy one, and therefore to put constraints on the
amount of $\gamma$--$\gamma \to e^{\pm}$ absorption suffered by
high energy photons from the IR cosmic background.

\section{High power blazars}

We now turn to the other extreme of the blazar sequence,
stretching it to very large values of the jet power.
It is sensible to measure jet powers in
units of the Eddington luminosity of the associated accretion disk
(see e.g. \cite{gg08}). ``Large" therefore means close to Eddington.

\subsection{Powerful blazars with different black hole masses}

For illustration, the left panel of Fig. \ref{f2} shows
the predicted SED produced by FSRQs
with different black hole masses (from $3\times 10^7$ to $3\times 10^9 M_\odot$)
scaling $R_{\rm diss}$ and the jet power with
the Schwarzschild\ radius and the Eddington luminosity, respectively.
The Poynting flux $L_{\rm B}$ carried by the jet is a fraction of its
total power $L_{\rm j}$, assumed to be constant all along the jet, so
$L_{\rm B} \propto R_{\rm diss}^2 \Gamma^2 U_{\rm B}\propto L_{\rm j}\propto M$
which follows from $L_{\rm j}/L_{\rm Edd}=$const.
We then have
$ U_{\rm B} \propto  L_{\rm j}/ R^2_{\rm diss}  \propto M^{-1} $
since we assume $R_{\rm diss}/R_{\rm S}=$const.
For all our cases, the dissipation occurs within the BLR, which yields a constant
radiation energy density $U^\prime_{\rm BLR}$
(we assume $R_{\rm BLR}\propto L_{\rm disk}^{1/2}$ and the same $\Gamma$ for all sources).
As a consequence, the ratio
$L_{\rm EC}/L_{\rm syn} \sim U^\prime_{\rm BLR}/U_{\rm B} \propto M$.
This is the reason of the increasing dominance of the inverse Compton
emission increasing the black hole mass.
This implies that blazars with large black hole masses
should preferentially be more Compton dominated, and therefore
more easily detected by the Fermi satellite.
In fact, in Fig. \ref{f1} one can see the 5$\sigma$ sensitivity
of Fermi for 1 year of operation (grey line), suggesting that,
at high redshifts,
the detected blazars will preferentially have large black hole masses.

Also the importance of the EC relative to the SSC emission increases
with the black hole mass, hardening the X--ray spectral shape.
For the SED with $M=3\times 10^9M_\odot$ we show the effects
of neglecting the $\gamma$--$\gamma$ absorption and the
consequent reprocessing (dashed line). The effect is modest, since
the primary spectrum breaks at $\sim 10$ GeV energies due to
the decreasing, with energy, Klein--Nishina scattering cross section.
This figure shows that there are many high power jets with
intermediate black hole masses that are undetectable by Fermi,
but are well visible by Simbol--X.
It will be hard for Simbol--X to serendipitously
discover these blazars, due to its small field
of view, but good targets for Simbol--X can come from the BAT/Swift
and/or the INTEGRAL surveys, that will select blazars bright in the hard
X--ray range.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[height=.35\textheight]{m_sx}
\includegraphics[height=.35\textheight]{2149_307f_sx}
 \caption{
{\it Left:} predicted SED as a function of the black hole mass.
We assume that the dissipation occurs at the same distance
(in units of the Schwarzschild\ radius $R_{\rm S}$) and that the injected luminosity
is the same (in units of the Eddington one).
Also the disk luminosities (shown by the red dotted lines together with the
IR emission from the torus) are the same in units of the Eddington one.
All sources are assumed to be at $z=3$.
{\it Right:} the SED of the blazar PKS 2149--307 (data in \cite{sambruna07})
together with a fitting model (blue upper line) and the same model redshifted
to $z=8$ (red lower line).
The high energy hump of these very powerful blazars peak in the
100 keV--1 MeV energy range, and are therefore good targets for Simbol--X,
that can characterise the high energy peak even if the source were at $z=8$.
In both panels the grey line is the Simbol--X sensitivity for an exposure of $10^5$ s.
}
\label{f2}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Up to $z=8$}

Interesting results concerning high redshift, powerful blazars
have been already obtained by \cite{sambruna07}
with BAT; by \cite{bassani07} with INTEGRAL and by \cite{tavecchio07}
with Suzaku.
One interesting blazar present in the 9--months BAT survey \cite{sambruna07}
is PKS 2149--307 at $z=2.345$.
The right panel of Fig. \ref{f2} shows that the high energy peak lies
in the 100 keV--MeV range.
This figure shows also the the best fitting model
(blue upper line) corresponding to $R_{\rm diss}=\sim 10^{18}$ cm,
(i.e. 800 $R_{\rm S}$ for the assumed black hole mass of
$M=4\times 10^9 M_\odot$)
The BAT data have large error bars, precluding the possibility to firmly claim that
its high energy peak is within the BAT energy range (namely, at $\sim 100$ keV),
but this possibility is indeed suggested by the present data.
The Simbol--X sensitivity for an exposure of $10^5$ s is shown by the
grey line.
The red lower line corresponds to the same model used to fit the blazar,
but now placing it at $z=8$, to demonstrate that even
at these redshifts Simbol--X has the capability to detect and study
this blazar, and, most importantly, find its high energy peak.

The main scientific issues to be studied include:
i) we can determine the jet power in the most powerful
sources, by the knowledge of the peak of the SED, that
ii) will also depend upon $R_{\rm diss}$
thus giving informations on the mechanisms of jet
dissipation.
iii) The coordinated variability will tell if simple
one--zone models are viable.
iv) High power blazars
should have a visible UV bump, allowing to directly
study the jet/disk connection and the ratio of their
respective powers.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[height=.35\textheight]{m87}
\includegraphics[height=.35\textheight]{3c66ab_sx}
\caption{
{\it Left:} SED of the core of M87 together
with the H.E.S.S. spectra taken in 2004 (open blue squares) and
2005 (open red triangles), from \cite{aharonian06}.
The lines report the emission from the spine and from
the layer for the two states. Adapted from \cite{tavecchio08}.
{\it Right:} SED of 3C66B and of 3C66A.
The measured VHE spectrum of MAGIC (cyan circles, \cite{aliu09}),
is reproduced as the sum of the
emission from both sources, 3C66A being dominant below 200 GeV, and
3C66B accounting for the emission above 200 GeV.
Adapted from \cite{tg09}.
}
\label{f3}
\end{figure}

\section{Radio--galaxies}

The typical bulk Lorentz factor $\Gamma$, in blazars, is in the 10--20 range, and
there seems to be the need, in flaring TeV blazars, to have even more
extreme $\Gamma$ around 50 to overcome spectral and variability
difficulties \cite{konopelko, begelman}.
Therefore the typical beaming angle $\theta_{\rm v}\sim 1/\Gamma <5^\circ$.
Radio--galaxies, being observed at much larger angles, should be therefore
strongly de--beamed.
On the other hand, there is the possibility that the jet has a velocity structure,
being faster in its spine, and being surrounded by a slower layer.
If this layer is emitting, there is an interesting radiative interplay between
the spine and the layer: both components see the emission from the other amplified
by beaming (due to the relative motion).
The extra photons are used as seeds for the inverse Compton emission, which is
then more intense for both the spine and the layer.
In \cite{gtc05} we have studied the SED resulting from assuming a fast spine--slow layer
jet structure, finding that i) radio--galaxies can be relatively strong
high energy emitters, and ii) that when the radiative interplay between the
layer and the spine is strong, the latter can decelerate, due to Compton drag,
helping to explain the small apparent VLBI velocity \cite{piner08}.

We have then applied this model to two radio--galaxies observed in the TeV range
(M87 and 3C 66B, \cite{tavecchio08, tg09}, whose SED are shown in Fig. \ref{f3}.
According to the spine/layer interpretation, the SED of M87 is dominated by
the spine emission at all but the TeV energies, where the layer dominates.
The predicted X--ray spectrum shows an upturn at $\sim$10 keV, that Simbol--X
can confirm (or not) with a relatively inexpensive exposure of $10^4$ s
(see the plotted sensitivity curve on the same figure).

For 3C 66 (A and B), the origin of the high energy emission is still debated \cite{aliu09},
since the two sources are separated by 6', close to the angular resolution of MAGIC.
If our model is correct, the synchrotron flux of 3C 66B should peak
at $\sim$100 keV, and this is can again be confirmed by Simbol--X with a
relatively short exposure of $10^4$ s.
In this case the layer dominates the emission above the UV band.

\begin{theacknowledgments}
I thank the partial funding by a 2007 PRIN--INAF grant and useful discussion with Fabrizio
Tavecchio.
\end{theacknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Maďarová (1340 m n.p.m.) – szczyt w Wielkiej Fatrze w Karpatach Zachodnich na Słowacji.

Znajduje się po północno-zachodniej stronie Šiprúňa. Od północnego wierzchołka Šiprúňa biegnie grzbiet ku Chabzdovej, poniżej rozdroża Chabzdovej odgałęzia się od niego grzbiet Maďarovej, który poprzez Čierňavsky vrch, Príslop i Chovanovą opada do dna Ľubochnianskiej doliny.

Maďarová jest zwornikiem. Oprócz grzbietu biegnącego ku Čierňavskiemu vrchowi na północ odgałęzia się od niej drugi grzbiet. Maďarová wznosi się więc nad trzema dolinami. Jej południowe stoki opadają do doliny potoku Čierňava, północno-wschodnie do doliny Bystrego potoku, północno-zachodnie do doliny potoku Salatín. Na stokach opadających do doliny Bystrego potoku znajduje się duża pasterska hala. Szczyt oraz pozostałe stoki porasta las. W 2019 roku hala na stokach Maďarovej jest nadal wypasana.

Grzbietem Maďarovej nad Ľubochnianską doliną biegnie granica Parku Narodowego Wielka Fatra. Należą do niego zachodnie stoki Maďarovej. Wschodnie z halą pasterską są poza granicami parku.

Turystyka
Przez halę pasterską północno-wschodnimi stokami Maďarovej, daleko od jej wierzchołka, biegnie niebieski szlak turystyczny. Widoki z hali są ograniczone tylko do doliny Bystrego potoku i szczytu Chabzdovej.
   Ľubochňa – Nad Hlboku – Poľana – Sedlo pod Červeným grúňom – Červený grúň – Magurka –  Magura – Maďarová – Chabzdová, rázcestie. Odległość 12,7 km, suma podejść 1175 m, suma zejść 395 m, czas przejścia 4:50 h (z powrotem 4 h)

Przypisy

Szczyty Wielkiej Fatry

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Our expert team of road show event coordinators will manage every aspect of your event or function from start to finish, with an office contact being available around the clock to mange any late amendments.
Our ability to work under pressure and our large network of affiliate suppliers means that FEC can provide a one stop solution in support of your event, no matter how complex the itineraries.


A timeless case against human solipsism and a clarion call for non-egocentric curiosity about the nature of reality.
Half a millennium later, as we continue to make revolutionary discoveries that invite us to revise our understanding of the cosmos and reassess our place in it — discoveries like the detection of gravitational waves, perhaps the greatest breakthrough in astronomy since Galileo pointed his telescope at the heavens — we continue to struggle with the same discomfiting questions: How are we to live with any sense of importance and meaning if the more we find out about the universe, the less significant we seem to be and the more meaningless it becomes? What, then, is the human and humane value of knowing more at all?
That's what Hannah Arendt (October 14, 1906–December 4, 1975) addresses with great subtlety and uncompromising intellectual rigor in a 1963 essay titled "The Conquest of Space and the Stature of Man," later included in her altogether spectacular and timely book Between Past and Future: Eight Exercises in Political Thought (public library).
The essay's title was inspired by a question posed by the editors of the magazine Great Ideas Today for a special feature focusing on "what the exploration of space is doing to man's view of himself and to man's condition" — the question of whether humanity's so-called conquest of space has increased or diminished the existential stature of human beings.
So if science ought to be concerned with questions far beyond the human scale, free of human ego, then the very notion of the "conquest" of space and man's "stature" implies a sort of hunger for power antithetical to the real enterprise of science.
Complement this particular portion of Arendt's altogether indispensable Between Past and Future with physicist Sean Carroll on how "poetic naturalism" helps us wrest meaning from an impartial universe, then revisit Arendt on the crucial difference between truth and meaning, the power of being an outsider, how tyrants use isolation as a weapon of oppression, and our only effective antidote to the normalization of evil.


text:
Szczecińskie Towarzystwo Miłośników Komunikacji Miejskiej (w skrócie STMKM) powstało w 1998 r. z inicjatywy Remigiusza Grochowiaka. Jest zarejestrowanym stowarzyszeniem z siedzibą w Szczecinie. Statutowymi celami Towarzystwa są: propagowanie tematyki komunikacyjnej, gromadzenie oraz pielęgnowanie zabytków komunikacyjnych oraz szereg innych związanych z komunikacją publiczną, w szczególności miejską.

Początki działalności

Pierwsze spotkanie szczecińskich miłośników odbyło się w zajezdni Pogodno w listopadzie 1998 roku. Miało ono na celu założenie Towarzystwa. Rejestracja stowarzyszenia przeciągała się na skutek kruczków prawnych. Pierwsze działania STMKM miały więc charakter nieformalny. Jednym z takich działań była współorganizacja uroczystych obchodów 120-lecia komunikacji miejskiej w Szczecinie 11 września 1999 r. Była to pierwsza impreza Towarzystwa skierowana do szerokiego grona mieszkańców miasta, a zarazem jedna z dwóch największych w dotychczasowej historii Towarzystwa. 3 grudnia 1999 r. STMKM zostało oficjalnie zarejestrowane przez Sąd Rejonowy w Szczecinie i od tego czasu prowadzi oficjalną działalność.

Imprezy Towarzystwa

Statutowe cele Towarzystwa realizowane są m.in. przez organizację imprez komunikacyjnych. Przyświecają im zazwyczaj rocznice ważnych wydarzeń w komunikacji miejskiej (np. uruchomienie komunikacji miejskiej w Szczecinie, uruchomienie trakcji autobusowej, uruchomienie komunikacji w powojennym Szczecinie) lub rocznice wejścia do eksploatacji poszczególnych typów taboru. Skala przedsięwzięć jest zazwyczaj proporcjonalna do wagi wydarzenia oraz liczby lat, jakie upłynęły od wydarzenia. I tak, największymi imprezami były:
 obchody rocznicowe uruchomienia komunikacji miejskiej w Szczecinie (120. rocznica w 1999 r. oraz 125. rocznica w 2004 r.)
 obchody rocznicowe uruchomienia komunikacji tramwajowej w powojennym Szczecinie (55. rocznica w 2000 r. oraz 60. rocznica w 2005 r.)

Tak jak w powyższych przykładach, większość rocznic obchodzona jest w cyklu pięcioletnim.

Ze względu na ukierunkowanie imprezy wyróżnić można:
 otwarte, przeznaczone dla szerokiego grona mieszkańców miasta. W ich trakcie zazwyczaj udostępnia się zwiedzającym jedną (lub więcej) szczecińskich zajezdni, by na koniec odbyć przejazd specjalny taborem komunikacyjnym (często jest to przejazd paradny).
 zamknięte, przeznaczone (ale nie ograniczone) dla członków oraz sympatyków STMKM. Zazwyczaj są to zamknięte przejazdy specjalne, których głównym celem jest integracja środowiska miłośników. Najważniejszą i największą imprezą tego typu jest odbywająca się cyklicznie Szczecińska Grudniowa Nocka, na którą przyjeżdżają miłośnicy z całej Polski.

Szczególną imprezą, są uruchamiane od 2001 r. linie turystyczne. Obsługiwana zabytkowymi tramwajami linia turystyczna "0" oraz autobusowe "50" oraz "100" kursują w każdą niedzielę sezonu wakacyjnego.

Oprócz imprez, których głównym elementem są przejazdy taborem komunikacyjnym (zazwyczaj historycznym lub zabytkowym), w 2002 r. STMKM zorganizowało I Spotkanie Stowarzyszeń Miłośników Komunikacji Miejskiej. Odbywające się co roku (począwszy od 2002 r.) w innym mieście spotkania stanowią platformę do wymiany doświadczeń stowarzyszeń miłośników z całej Polski. W tym samym roku Urząd Miasta Szczecin wyszedł z inicjatywą organizacji corocznego spotkania szczecińskich organizacji pozarządowych Pod Platanami, na którym STMKM co roku prezentuje historyczny tabor będący pod opieką Towarzystwa.

Pojazdy historyczne i zabytkowe

W swojej krótkiej historii, Towarzystwo uratowało kilkanaście historycznych pojazdów przed kasacją. Największym powodem do dumy jest najstarszy tramwaj w Szczecinie - Nordwaggon Bremen z 1926 r. o numerze #144. Kolekcję tramwajową uzupełniają pojazdy rodziny Konstal N (o numerach #167H, #216H, #286, #293H, #343H i #386). Zachowano również dwa egzemplarze wagonów 102Na (o numerach #604 i #606) wycofanych w związku z kupnem wagonów Tatra KT4Dt.

Po kilku latach przestoju, wzbogaca się również historyczny tabor autobusowy. Pierwszym pojazdem pod opieką STMKM był Jelcz 043 (tzw. "ogórek"). Kolejne, to Autosan H9-35 #220 i Volvo B10MA #2876, wcześniej należące w SPA Dąbie. Następne zabytki to będący na wykończeniu San H100, oraz przeznaczone do renowacji w późniejszym terminie Renault PR-100 oraz Jelcz PR110, a także poddany remontowi kapitalnemu mikrobus Nysa N-59.

Władze Towarzystwa

Najwyższą władzą Towarzystwa jest Walne Zebranie Członków. Zapisy statutu STMKM powołują Zarząd Towarzystwa jako władzę wykonawczą Towarzystwa w okresie pomiędzy Walnymi Zebraniami Członków. Organem kontroli wewnętrznej jest Komisja Rewizyjna. Oba te organy powoływane są w drodze tajnych, demokratycznych wyborów przez członków Towarzystwa na Walnym Zebraniu Członków na 2-letnie kadencje.

W 2006 r. zmieniono statut STMKM oraz poszczególne regulaminy w celu ich ujednolicenia oraz dostosowania do wymogów obowiązujących organizacje starające się o status organizacji pożytku publicznego. Po wprowadzonych zmianach i kilku próbach uzyskania takowego statusu, w 2008 r. STMKM zostało wpisane na listę organizacji pożytku publicznego.

Do 2006 r. Prezesa Towarzystwa wybierali członkowie Zarządu na swoim pierwszym zebraniu, podobnie jak Przewodniczący Komisji Rewizyjnej wybierany był na pierwszym zebraniu Komisji. Po zmianach dokonanych w statucie, Prezes Towarzystwa wybierany jest przez Walne Zebranie Członków. Sposób wyboru Przewodniczącego Komisji Rewizyjnej nie uległ zmianie. Obecnym prezesem STMKM jest (od 2010 r.) Konrad Stachura.

Zarząd

Zarząd Towarzystwa liczy sobie od 3 do 7 członków (w tym prezesa) wybieranych w wyborach bezpośrednich. Na pierwszym posiedzeniu Zarząd wybiera ze swojego grona wiceprezesa ds. administracyjnych (sekretarza) oraz wiceprezesa ds. finansowych (skarbnika). Ponadto, w dowolnie wybranym przez siebie momencie, prezes ma prawo powołać lub odwołać wiceprezesa, będącego jego bezpośrednim zastępcą. Przed rokiem 2006 funkcja wiceprezesa była całkowicie nieformalna. Wobec członków zarządu głosowany jest wniosek o udzielenie bądź odmowę udzielenia absolutorium składany przez Komisję Rewizyjną na każdym Walnym Zebraniu Członków. Odwołanie prezesa zarządu (lub nieudzielenie mu absolutorium) jest równoznaczne z odwołaniem całego zarządu.

Komisja Rewizyjna

Komisja Rewizyjna jako organ kontroli wewnętrznej stoi na straży interesu Towarzystwa oraz statutu. Liczy sobie 3 członków, którzy ze swojego grona wybierają przewodniczącego oraz sekretarza. Najważniejszym zadaniem Komisji Rewizyjnej jest składanie wniosków o udzielenie bądź odmowę udzielenia absolutorium członkom zarządu na Walnym Zebraniu Członków.

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Szczecińskie Towarzystwo Miłośników Komunikacji Miejskiej

Komunikacja miejska w Szczecinie
Stowarzyszenia regionalne


text:
Will ClarkeNick2020-06-15T14:17:51+00:00
Will Clarke
Will is part of a very small exclusive group of athletes you could count on one hand who's members have competed in all of the biggest events Triathlon has to offer. The Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, ITU World Championships, ITU European Championships, Ironman World 70.3 Championships and Ironman World Championships. His career spanned 17 professional seasons and 20 in total. He also boasts 3 sub-8hr Ironman performances!
He has been coaching athletes very successfully for 6 years with his biggest protege, Ruth Astle, winning Ironman Hawaii Overall Age Group in 2020 with the 2nd fastest time in history. His skills bring an extra dimension to our overall coaching team, offering highly professional advice to athletes wishing to improve in multi-sport disciplines
I am a big believer that if you want to successfully coach athletes you have to have been there yourself. You have to have grabbed all those experiences with your own hands and learnt from your own harsh lessons. You have to know what it's like to train and compete in Triathlon at a high level but also know what it's like to live like an athlete whilst keeping the rest of your life in balance.
A lifelong multi-sport athlete – started competitive swimming at age 7
Competed at the highest level at triathlon including; The Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, ITU World Championships, ITU European Championships, Ironman World 70.3 Championships and Ironman World Championships
17 years as a professional triathlete
World U23 and European U23 Triathlon Champion
5th 2018 Commonwealth Games marathon
British Triathlon Champion
U23 World Triathlon Champion
U23 European Champion
World Team Triathlon Champion
Multiple ITU Triathlon podiums
Multiple Half Ironman (70.3) victories
5th Ironman Frankfurt
Multiple Team GB representative at the Kona Ironman World Championships
3x sub-8hrs Ironman


Tiles are no longer used just on floors, kitchen backsplashes and bathroom walls. Here are some cool ideas on how you can use this beautiful material differently.
These outstanding HDB flats designed by some of Singapore's top interior designers will have you question your current living space.
Image Creative Design's sprawling showroom exemplifies the design firm's knack for creating luxe interiors and smart spatial plans.
The design of this condominium showflat showcases the designer's skills at mixing sleek aesthetics with space-saving ideas.


We're thrilled to announce that our egg shakers have been featured in Martha Stewart Weddings Magazine!
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holiday parties, weddings and all special occasions or anywhere you want to shake up the excitement! Our Party maracas deliver the sound of professional maracas and they sound as good as they look!
With over 25 years of experience, Egg Shaker World's Custom Printing Group has consistently produced the HIGHEST QUALITY printing and decoration services on a wide array of products.
Our standards ensure that your product will receive the highest level of imprint quality and durability.
Egg Shaker World is a division of Bravo Promotions, and is a leader in the Music and imprinted products industries committed to bringing unique and innovative sound producing products to market.
Musicians and Music Therapists the world over choose to buy their egg shakers from Egg Shaker World because we have the largest selection of high quality egg shakers in the world!
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The Egg Shaker World site has been launched. You can now browse the largest selection of egg-shakers on the net.
Shake it up for Love, a Kiss and The Royal Wedding Couple!
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Add some egg-citing percussive energy to your special day and shake up your reception table settings! Your guests will enjoy this creative twist to the traditional "glass tapping" creating a magic memory.
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Send us your logo or imprint and we'll create a virtual sample for you! Egg Shaker World, the largest online resource for custom imprinted and personalized wedding shakers, will provide the creative inspiration to convey your message of love!
We have sourced the world to bring you custom imprinted and blank egg shakers from well known manufacturers such as: LP RhythMix, Nino Percussion, Meinl USA Rhythm Tech Eggz, Toca, Dunlop USA, Remo, Mid-East Mfg, Rhythm Band, Hohner, Chicken Nuggets, West Music, Basic Beat and more! Our brand names include Egg Cha Chas, Li'l Cha Cha's, Pocket Percussion, Chick-Itas, Chick Shakes, Maraquitas just to name a few. We also offer a value priced line of private labeled shakers manufactured by leading factories at a special discounted low prices!
Our vast selection of Egg Shakers and maracas are fun and easy to play and have superb sound quality for recording and acoustic use. They're available in a variety of bright colors, red, white and blue patriotic colors, pastels, and colors that glow in the dark! Our Egg Shakers are made from a variety of materials including plastic, gels, wood and even leather! Shakers come in all shapes, sizes and prices! Choose from the traditional egg shaped shaker to the more unique fruit shapes, boxes, even skull-shaped shakers that glow in the dark!
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A dip tube (also known as an outage tube) provides vapor space above liquefied gases in a sampling cylinder so that if expansion occurs with an increase in temperature, the pressure is not significantly increased. Basically, the length of the dip tube is used to determine the filling capacity of the cylinder.
Outage is expressed as a percent of the total cylinder volume, based on the ratio of the vapor space to the total length of the cylinder with a maximum available outage of 50%. The dip tube is welded directly to the male inlet of the valve and is cut to a length ranging from one inch to 5 ¼ inches (available in ~1/8 inch increments).
Typically, the ideal dip tube length will provide a ~20% void within the cylinder based on the cylinder length and the physical (expansion) properties of the sample. To calculate for this length, determine the overall length of the cylinder and multiply by 0.20 to obtain the desired dip tube length in inches. Note that this is an approximate calculation (+/-20%) since several cylinder design variables will influence the actual volume.
Restek offers 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% outage options. A 10% outage would translate to a 90% fill capacity, 20% would equate to 80% fill, 30% would be a 70% fill, etc.
The following chart provides suggested dip tube lengths for a ~20% outage (~80% fill) based on Restek supplied sample cylinder dimensions.
To calculate a ~10% outage, multiply the cylinder length by 0.10. For example, Restek catalog #22925 (1000cc High Pressure Cylinder) has a length of 10.9 inches. 10.9 inches x 0.10 = 1.09 inches (or about 1 1/8 inch). Multiply by 0.30, 0.40, or 0.50 respectively for 30, 40, or 50% outage values. Again, keep in mind that all these calculations and the associated dip tube lengths are approximate.
We offer two types of dip tube materials: stainless steel and Sulfinert-treated stainless steel. Stainless steel is recommended for general purpose applications, while Sulfinert is superior for the collection and analysis of low-level sulfurs in the ppb range. Make sure to match the dip tube (stainless steel or Sulfinert) to the sample cylinder material.
Placing an order for a Restek supplied dip tube is easy. Simply contact our US Customer Service Team or your local Restek representative. Specify dip tube length in inches or percent outage when ordering. Note that when ordering a treated dip tube, the end of the part will not be Sulfinert treated after we cut the tube to length.
To learn more about dip tubes, refer to ASTM D3700 (Standard Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston) and ASTM 1265-05 (Standard Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases Manual Method) as well as the link below.
In summary, appropriate dip tube selection is a critical part of a successful liquefied petroleum gas sampling. Review your method specifications, select the dip tube length based on cylinder volume and sample composition, and determine the best material based on sample inertness requirements to ensure successful sampling.
This entry was posted on Thursday, August 6th, 2015 at 8:35 pm	and is filed under Air, Miscellaneous. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


What is Myasthenia Gravis? MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (MG) is a chronic disabling autoimmune neuromuscular disease of severe, crippling weakness. MG results from a defect in transmission of the nerve impulse to the nerve-muscle junction. In other words, the nerve is healthy and the muscle is healthy, but the signal from the nerve does not reach the muscle effectively, with the result that the muscle does not contract or function as usual. MG is characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles that are joined to the skeleton and are responsible for movement (and not the involuntary muscles – those in the gut and internal organs of the body). The hallmark of myasthenia gravis is muscle fatigue. Muscles become progressively weaker during periods of activity and improve after periods of rest. MG can affect any muscle, but the muscles that control eye and eyelid movement, facial expression, and swallowing are most often affected. In some people, the first symptom is weakness of the eye muscles. In others, having a hard time swallowing, talking, and breathing can be the first signs. Different people have different levels of muscle weakness. Symptoms may include: * Drooping of one or both eyelids * Blurred or double vision * Problems walking (legs can suddenly give way) * Weakness in arms, hands, fingers, legs, and neck * Change in facial expression * Having a hard time chewing food and swallowing * Trouble speaking clearly (words may be slurred) * Shortness of breath (feeling like you can't get enough air) The onset of the disorder may be sudden or very gradual and there is a huge variation between one person and another. Because the symptoms are not immediately recognized as MG and because of the variation between one person's disease and another, often MG is misdiagnosed as something else (like MS or ALS) or missed completely in which case patients may be told "it's all in your head". For this reason, it is probable that the prevalence rate is actually higher than the currently estimated 70,000 people in the USA.


This network, which boasts nearly 400,000 current and former students, is one of the largest and most active alumni groups in the world. The Aggie Network, which is administered by the Association of Former Students, also includes more than 50,000 Mays Business School alumni. Chapters are based in 85 U.S. cities and 35 international locations.


Instead of a photographer, Kamin Jaroensuk refers himself as an image creator. After received a bachelor's degree in Communication Design from Bangkok University, he spent a few year working in Advertising industry as an art director and a graphic designer, leads him to be fascinated in communicating through images. Also, he is passionated for producing arts and crafts.
Learning is a never-ending process, he decided to increase his knowledge and broaden experience by attending one of the State famous art collage, Academy of Art University, USA. After 3 precious years, Kamin earn his master's degree in Photography - Fine Art. With distinguished visual interpretation skill and outstanding creative imagery, his works were selected as "Finalist" in Young Thai Artist Award in 2007 as well as "100 Honourable Mentions" in Photographer's Forum magazine in 2014, USA. Moreover, a conceptual photography series from his thesis project won the Best of Show Award from Spring Show 2014 in USA. Besides his works have been publicized in German online magazine.
Presently, Kamin is a Thailand-based artist and an advertising photographer. His clients include Central World, BEC Tero, Slowmotion, Roza, Rap Is Now,GMM Grammy, Sanamluang Music, White Music, AmexTeam and etc.


I got an email this morning from Pierre Dupuis, the LaSalle borough's communications director and clerk claiming there is no toxic waste in LaSalle.
He also sent a letter from Quebec's Environment Ministry confirming that the Cintec Landfill Site in LaSalle will close in the next few months and that Cintec is responsible for the cell buried by the then-City of LaSalle in the 1980's.
An e-mail we got from a LaSalle resident, concerned and worried after reading yesterday's edition of The Suburban, triggered my attention.
I was very much surprised and almost puzzled after reading your very long article on page 2 and 9. You write a very long article, based exclusively on information provided to you by a citizen, without checking these facts with any other source of information.
You write an article with a question for title (Is there toxic waste in LaSalle?). Not only is this question easy to answer with a minimal research, but you don't even answer it throughout your long article. Well, Tracey, the answer is no. There is no toxic waste in LaSalle.
Toxic waste is what you find in the numerous containers full of PCBs in Pointe-Claire, and that will eventually be incinerated in Alberta. What is safely contained since 1990 in the cells at Cintec in LaSalle is the contaminated earth from the land rehabilitation of two sites in LaSalle at the end of the 1980's. This information is pretty easy to find and to verify.
The citizen you interviewed has the right to not believe any government or officials sources about Cintec. But I would have expected you to at least complete this article with an official point of view about what is a very public and well documented topic, instead of basing your story exclusively on this citizen's perception. Why haven't you contacted Cintec Environnement, the company in charge of this site? I assume they would have answered all your questions about their activities. And why haven't you checked with the ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement, de la Faune et des Parcs, which is responsible for all environmental issues, to get facts from them about this site they know very well?
At any rate, here's some information I would have provided you with, should you have contacted me, as you usually do for a topic related to LaSalle. Even if the Cintec site is not under the Borough's jurisdiction, we obviously know quite a bit about it. I also attach copy of a letter the Borough got from the ministère de l'environnement in August, after the Mayor asked for another official proof from them that everything is safe at the Cintec site.
When I was a journalism student at Concordia, our teachers (very experienced former journalists from CBC, The Gazette and even the Montreal Star – that was back in the 80's) always told us that you should never base an article on only one source of information or point of view. I think that was good advice. With this information included, I'm sure your readers would have found your article more complete, if not more balanced. And the resident who wrote to us would have been less worried about what's going on at this site.
We hereby acknowledge receipt of your letter dated August 14, 2013, regarding the concerns of a Borough of LaSalle resident.
During the eighties, a number of soil characterization and rehabilitation operations related to the former LaSalle Coke plant and the former LaSalle disposal site were in fact carried out. This enormous rehabilitation project began with an order sent to a company to ensure respect for "Ville LaSalle residents' entitlement to a quality environment, to its protection and to safeguarding the living species inhabiting that area". This rehabilitation project preceded the Policy on soil protection and rehabilitation of contaminated lands.
During the work carried out to rehabilitate these lands, the Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement, de la Faune et des Parcs (MDDEFP) authorized all the excavation work, the treatment of contaminated waters and the construction of cells, pursuant to the Environment Quality Act. It is in this context that the LaSalle landfill site was set up. This cell was closed in 1990. The same year, MDDEFP authorized setting up a new contaminated soil landfill cell at Cintec Environnement inc. (CEI), on land adjacent to the LaSalle cell that was closed.
Today, the CEI cell includes the LaSalle cell and the cell authorized in 1990. The LaSalle cell is still closed and forms part of the CEI cell.
The entire CEI cell is subject to the Regulation respecting the burial of contaminated soils, which came into effect in 2001. The operator of a contaminated soil burial site must comply with the applicable requirements and, more specifically, with the Regulation's Division III, entitled "OPERATION". Inspections are carried out at this site by the Centre de Contrôle environnemental du Québec. According to our register, no failures to comply with the Regulation were sent to Cintec Environnement inc. in the past five years.
When landfill operations at the active cell come to a halt, as planned in the coming months, CEI will then close the cell in accordance with the Regulation's Division V, entitled "FINAL COVER AND CLOSURE". After the cell is closed, CEI will have to comply with the requirements in the Regulation's Division VI, entitled "POST-CLOSURE PERIOD".
With regard to the atmospheric emissions and the wastewater disposal into the sewer, we suggest you contact Ville de Montréal's Division Contrôle des rejets industriels, which looks after enforcing Bylaw 90 and Bylaw 2008-47 of the Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal.
Since 1990, Cintec's contaminated soil landfill cells in LaSalle have contained contaminated earth removed from the former LaSalle Coke site and the former waste disposal site in LaSalle.
These cells contain contaminated earth, which can be legally buried in leakproof cells, in accordance with current standards, and do not contain toxic waste, which cannot be buried, but rather, must be incinerated by a specialized firm in Alberta, as was the case of the PCBs in Saint-Basile-Le-Grand in 1988 and as will most likely be the case with the PCBs in Pointe-Claire.
As all installations of this type, the Cintec site comes under provincial jurisdiction, (Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement, de la Faune et des parcs) and not municipal.
The operator of the site must ensure monitoring of the contents of the cell for 30 years after the closure of the cell. The operator must look after maintenance of the integrity of the final cover of the soils, monitoring and maintenance of the equipment that collects and treats the liquids circulating in the contaminated earth, the follow-up and monitoring equipment for surface and groundwater as well as the gas collection system.
Before the end of the 30th year of closure, the operator must have a certified, independent professional prepare an assessment of the condition of the landfill site and have it forwarded to the Minister.
The operation of a landfill site is subject to the provision, by the operator, of security intended to ensure—during operations and after closure—the fulfilment of the obligations that the operator must meet under the Environment Quality Act.
The amount of this security is established on the basis of $2 per metric ton, according to the total landfill capacity. At the present time, we estimate that there is $2 million in this fund.
The operator has legal obligations to the Ministère de l'environnement du Québec, which remains responsible for the site in case of any problems.
In a study commissioned by the Ministère de l'Environnement du Québec on these membranes, the various engineers who reported on the study indicated: "An HDPE membrane installed in an urban waste landfill site to waterproof the bottom, the walls and serve as a roof, being protected from climate stresses, will retain its properties for a very long period of time. This period of time has been evaluated by a working committee of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which decided that HDPE membranes 'should maintain their integrity in waste disposal facility environments in terms of hundreds of years'." These findings are corroborated by other assessments as well.
With regards to the response received by the Minister of Environment, after carefully reading the answers given by the environment minister versus the assumptions made by Pierre Dupuis ( in his respone to Tracey Arials article featured in The Suburban named "is there toxic waste in LaSalle", ) I do not see how the borough of LaSalle can confidently say that there is no toxic waste in lasalle.
When reading the environment ministers response it is evident that there are no environmental reports or any indication (including any solid evidence) attached to their letter stating in black and white (without doubt) that, "there is no toxic waste in Lasalle".
With the whole debate surrounding toxic waste in LaSalle,, is it safe to asume that the environment minister cannot state "there is no toxic waste in LaSalle" in writing for the simple fact that your statements and claims are incorrect ?
What the environment ministers letter states is that there is multiple sealed cells containing contaminated soil buried on the Cintec grounds since 1990.. So I ask,, Is the soil contaminated with orange juice???
What contaminants are in the sealed cell since 1990 that had to be buried and sealed,, the same cell that serves to contain all the toxic substances excavated in 1986 from the former LaSalle municipal dump discovered between Belec and Sylvestre streets?
What contaminants are in the Cintec cell that is to be sealed in the following months, the same cell that has been stock piling contaminated soil for close to 25 years to date ? Why is Cintec refusing to provide the inventory report of contaminants in these cells until the final closure of this contaminated site as stated by Serge Gariepy, Executive at CINTEC ???
Why does the borough of LaSalle fail to mention the Solutia site which is adjacent to the Cintec site? It is no secret that the solutia site is very badly contaminated (both the soil and ground water) with pcb's, arsenic and many other contaminants .. This site is so badly contaminated that it cannot be used until major decontamination is completed.. Mr Dupuis, last time I checked PCBs and arsenic are considered to be VERY TOXIC WASTE !!!.
Mr Dupuis, with this said, I think your comments are misinformed and improperly researched (without due dilligence) since there is indeed toxic waste on the Solutia site (according to the Quebec environment ministers register of contaminated land), including contaminated land in many other sites across LaSalle not mentioned in these articles.
The answer given by the environment minister says it all but in no way does the minister state in writing that "there is no toxic waste in LaSalle"… this is the assumption that you and the borough have maintained without sufficient evidence to backup your claims since April 2013, the first time I questioned mayor Barbe.
If mayor Manon Barbe wasn't sure in August 2013 that there is toxic waste in Lasalle, why would she answer the question in April 2013 that there is no toxic waste in lasalle going as far as accusing me of misinforning the public in every attempt to discredit my version of the story???
is it safe to assume that the mayor has misinformed herself and the public by making claims that she or your administration have no solid evidence to back up ?
Mr Dupuis and Mayor Barbe, for your information, the answer is YES,( according to the environment ministers contaminated land registry) ,, there is INDEED toxic waste present in LaSalle. .
Is the borough of LaSalle playing politics and semantics before the 2013 elections,,,?


Kavalla is a Greek Macedonian seaport in the Aegean Sea. Be sure to see the town's Turkish quarter, which is surrounded by spectacular Byzantine walls. Kavalla's modern commerce centers around tobacco, rice, melons, grapes, and beekeeping. Nearby Thassos offers fine beaches, and Sotiros is said to boast the area's finest sunsets.
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September 5, 2011 Arthurian Legend, Celtic society
Arthurian Legend 101
Nicole EvelinaArthurian legend, history, writing
What's that you say? Your understanding of Arthurian legend is limited to a popular musical, a bad 80's cartoon and Monty Python? Well, you've come to the right place. Since most people have lives and probably didn't grow up consuming these stories like 'tweens on a Twilight bender, here's what you need to know about the main characters. (Disclaimer: I may or may not follow these storylines in my book, so some parts may be spoilers and others may not appear at all.)
Arthur Pendragon – Son of Lady Iggraine (Grainne/Ygerna) and High King Uther Pendragon. As the story goes, Uther fell in love with Iggraine while she was married to a lord named Goloris. While Goloris was out at a battle, Uther snuck in to see Iggraine (in some cases Merlin cast a spell on him to make him look like Goloris) and bow-chica-wow-wow, Arthur was conceived. When Merlin found out about the child, he arranged from him to be raised by Lord Ector for his own safety, and so Arthur grew up ignorant of his paternity. Depending on who tells the tale, sometimes it is Merlin who tells him, sometimes Uther, other times he finds out through magical means (i.e. sword in the stone). In some versions of the story, Arthur is Morgan's brother. He is always Mordred's father. Arthur traditionally is mortally wounded at Mordred's hand during the battle of Camlann. Some say he died on the battlefield, others in Avalon, while some say he did not die (just like Elvis) but sleeps, waiting for the call to save the world once again.
Guinevere – Daughter of Lord Leodgrance or Leogden. Nothing is ever said about her mother, siblings or early life. She marries Arthur and becomes High Queen. In most traditions she is Christian, but is sometimes associated with the isle of Avalon. Most of the time she's barren, but a few authors give her a child, usually a son, who dies in childhood. She is often kidnapped, most famously by a rebellious Lord named Malegant or Melwas, and sometimes even by Mordred. She is famous for her affair with Lancelot, which may or may not have been sexual. When Mordred discovers their affair, Guinevere is sentenced to death for treason, but is rescued by Lancelot. She is said to either have died of grief after Arthur's death or lived out her days in penance in a convent.
It's interesting to note that in many traditions, there are two Guineveres (the true and the false), who are sometimes twins, sisters, or lady/serving maid. In Welsh tradition, there are three. As fantasy author Mercedes Lackey points out, Guinevere's life certainly is adventurous enough for several people!
Lancelot (du Lac) – Arguably the most famous Knight of the Round Table. He is usually from Brittany and sometimes the son of their Lady of the Lake (it's a title, so there can be more than one), but most often he doesn't know who is parents are. Lancelot is always known for his skill with a sword, and sometimes also with the ladies. Though the popular musical paints him as arrogant, that is not a common trait. He fights for Guinevere out of love that may be chaste or something more, depending on tradition. He is instrumental in the quest for the Holy Grail and is sometimes one of three knights who are allowed to be in its holy presence (the other two are traditionally Galahad and Perceval). Once his affair is discovered, Arthur banishes him to Brittany, but he comes back in time to save Guinevere from death. He traditionally enters a monastery in repentance for his sins and there eventually passes away.
Merlin – Merlin may be a title given to the Archdruid or it may be a name, no one knows for sure. Merlin is usually the son of a nun and a demon (because that makes sense). He always has prophetic powers and is Arthur's chief advisor. In some traditions, Merlin doesn't age, so he provides advice to Vortigern (a king several generations prior to Arthur), aids Uther in Arthur's conception and guides Arthur throughout his reign – all in a single lifetime (see why I favor the title theory?). In a few stories, he even ages backwards. Merlin is said to have foreseen the affair of Guinevere and Lancelot and the resulting fall of Camelot and so was against Arthur's marriage to Guinevere, as well as his acceptance of Lancelot at court. Merlin's fate is questionable. Some say he fell in love with Nimue, a witch or priestess who cast a spell on him to steal his power and then entombed him in a glass or air tower or ancient oak. Others say he went mad during a battle (possibly Camlann) and ran raving into the forest, never to be seen again.
Morgan (le fey) – Morgan started out in Arthurian legend as a healer or priestess. She is often cited as one of the nine holy women of Avalon. Somewhere along the way she became Arthur's sister and all hell broke loose. In some traditions she competes with Arthur for the throne, while in others, she simply wants to kill him. She and Guinevere have a natural dislike of one another and Morgan sometimes tries to kill or sabotage the Queen. No matter her relation to them, Morgan is almost always Mordred's mother (her sister Morgause/Ana is his mother in early legend) and fights for her son's claim to the throne. In some versions, she accompanies a mortally wounded Arthur back to Avalon after the battle of Camlann. Beyond that, her final fate is unknown.
Someday I'll probably do a part two with other famous characters like Elaine, Viviane, Nimue, Tristan, Isolde, Galahad, Mordred, etc. If there is anyone in particular you want to know about, tell me in the comments and I'll respond. But suffice it to say if I went into all the supporting cast (not to mention the ones I made up), you'd probably nod off. With all the branches of legend, there are literally hundreds, if not thousands, of Arthurian characters and every version treats them slighly differently. If you want to know more, I recommend The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Arthurian Legend. Or just ask me. 🙂
14 thoughts on "Arthurian Legend 101"
Daya says:
I should clarify my earlier comment…MoA drove me nuts, but I think Juliana Marguiles was a lovely Morgaine and the idea to use Prague (I think it was) for Avalon was amazing. <3
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Morgan Lefay says:
Sorry, but I must add here that Morgan is not Mordred´s mother in every version of the tale. See Malory. Yes, you can say that Morgan and Margawse are the same character who was splitted in two, but the fact is that now, we have two women wo can reclaim this motherhood, not a single one.
Hi Morgan, no need for apologies. I appreciate the clarification and have ammended the article to reflect that you are correct. I never claimed to be perfect! 🙂
booksandhistory36 says:
This was really interesting. I've always been a fan of the Morgause is Mordred's mother theory, but that's just my personal preference.
Did you ever think about doing something about Gawain? He's my favorite knight of the round table, and apparently before Malory he was the favorite knight of England (the French/Brittany knight Lancelot basically usurped his place in legend as the most awesome.)
You might have already done something about him, in which case, I apologize (I've asked you a bunch of questions in previous comments, only to realize that the answers were in another post.)
On a completely random note, when you were discussing Merlin's parentage I was just imaging a really awkward parent-teacher conference.
I left Morgause out of my story by that name, but I do have Arthur's sister in there under the name of Anna (another of her mythological names). She's a great character who I may develop in her own novella or something someday because she didn't end up with as much page time as I would have liked. Strong woman, that.
I wrote a section with Gawain in it, but it ended up being cut out. I may release it as "deleted scene" extra sort of thing someday.
Ha! You made me laugh with your Merlin comment!
Ok, cool! (I can't wait to read your book). I'd love to see more Morgause/Anna 🙂
That would be great 🙂
Hi! I'm cosplaying Morgan le Fay for an upcoming teen con. I was wondering if you had any ideas for props or jewelry that I could use to enhance my costume, or make it more authentically celtic looking?
Thanks, and if you have any ideas that would be really great!!!!!!
Torques are always authentic. I wrote a section of a non-fiction book on Celtic history (not published yet). Lemme grab the section on jewelry for you.
As archaeological finds attest, the Celts loved their jewelry. Both men and women wore torques, brooches, bracelets, anklets and pendants, but rings were rare before Roman times. Being talented metal smiths, their jewelry was wrought from gold, silver and copper, but also worked from shale, glass, bone, amber, jet and coral. They decorated them with enamel. Jewels were left in their natural state, rather than cut and polished as we are accustomed to today. Brooches had a spring and catch plate like a modern safety pin so they would fasten securely.


This paper presents a new bilateral database documenting international migration stocks by gender, education level, origin and destination. We build on existing databases of OECD host countries in 1990 and 2000 and expand their coverage by collecting or estimating migration to all non-OECD destinations. The end result is comprised of comprehensive 195x195 matrices of international migration for 1990 and 2000, distinguishing migrants by gender and education (college educated and the less educated). This unique database allows us to characterize the origin, destination and education levels of about 100 million adult migrants in 2000, and 80 million in 1990. We identify the main sending and receiving countries and the largest migration corridors. South-North corridors are dominant in 2000, exhibiting the largest growth rates and skill intensity. Accounting for migration to high-income non-OECD countries and numerous developing countries drastically improves our understanding of global migration patterns.
International migration, labor mobility, brain drain.
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Prime Minister Joseph Muscat said that the Nationalist Party's MEPs "have learnt nothing" from Labour's landslide election victory after they tore into his corruption record during a debate at the European Parliament on the rule of law in Malta.
"They are playing the same broken record that the people have rejected…we heard nothing new from them today," Muscat told the press at the end of the debate in Strasbourg.
Muscat has portrayed the debate as "an early test" for the PN to show that it had learned not to repeat its pre-electoral tactics of tarnishing Malta's name overseas. However, PN MEPs David Casa and Roberta Metsola used the debate to argue that their criticism of government corruption in the European Parliament was ultimately in Malta's best interests.
Metsola similarly dismissed accusations that she is betraying Malta by speaking against corruption at EU-level.
Muscat told the press that the tone of the debate clearly showed that it had been instigated by the Nationalist Party, and indeed described it as "normal debate for European Parliament debates that are instigated politically".
Muscat said he welcomed an investigation by the European Commission, requested by the European Greens' Party, on whether Malta was in breach of EU money laundering directives when the police failed to act on four damning FIAU reports.
German MEP Sven Giegold, from the European Greens political group, told MaltaToday that Muscat had failed to address the concrete issues in his speech at the European Parliament.


PRIME aerostructures is a leading Austrian company for the development, design and analysis of aerospace and aircraft structures. Because of their know-how, experience and dedication, PRIME has proven a reliable partner to companies in a variety of sectors. PRIME is an established specialist and supplier of Simulation Tools and Simulation Lifecycle Management (SLM) solutions based on the entire SIMULIA Portfolio of Dassault Systèmes.
PRIME stands for engineering ideas that achieve customer satisfaction – on time and with a focus on cost and quality.
PRIME offers state-of-the-art engineering services for the aerospace industry, in the areas of design and analysis as well as the development of methods (consulting). To ensure a seamless integration with our customers, product life cycle design and analysis tools common in the industry are used.
We offer project management as a key service, and all of our engineering activities include clear and regular communication with our clients' technical and commercial contacts.


Lovely shot, did someone eat the last quarter?
What happening to the fourth quarter?! I guess it could have been a black tomato.
You are right but I wasn't able to find any other colour in the garden. Hunting black seeds for the next year.
Love this pic – beautiful composition, but so evocative of the joys of home grown veg too!


VIEWS, VIEWS, VIEWS!! Magnificent DIRECT OCEAN VIEWS from this beautiful 3/3 in newer Boutique style building built in 2008. Features roof top pool & fitness center, two Ocean front balconies, two units per floor and two car garage parking. This gorgeous unit has beautiful wood & marble floors. Huge open floor plan allows for full ocean views as you walk into the condo. Beautiful modern dcor with surround sound and Crestron system featuring electric blinds on all windows. Impact windows & doors throughout. Great location in the heart of Fort Lauderdale Beach. Walk to beach, many great restaurants & shopping. Short drive or catch the beach trolley or water taxi to trendy Las Olas, Downtown Ft Lauderdale and minutes to Ft Lauderdale airport. Don't miss this opportunity!!


Cotton is a crop grown all over the southern quarter of the United States from California to Florida. It places this crop in areas of extreme rainfall in certain times to little or none in others.
Irrigated cotton responds well to careful management, resulting in consistently high yields. As the efficiency of the irrigation system increases so does the plant's opportunity for yield. Cotton has shown outstanding responses to Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI). SDI has given the grower ultimate control of inputs resulting in higher returns. Yields have doubled in some areas when compared to other forms of irrigation and have set record yields on farms with high management levels.
For a grower who wants to learn more about SDI for cotton production, Netafim has a Cotton Production Manual. Readers will learn about drip system components, typical layouts, fertigation and maintenance. It is meant as a guide to aid in the decision to move to drip technology and how to manage this technology to obtain the desired results.
Netafim Cotton Production Manual – Download a copy of the Netafim Cotton Production Manual.


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text:
CHSS Workshop: Prerna Singh, "How Ideas and Institutions Explain the Differential Control of Disease in China and India"
When: Friday, October 27, 2017
Prerna Singh is Mahatma Gandhi Assistant Professor of Political Science and International Studies and faculty fellow at the Watson Institute, and co-convenor of the Brown-Harvard-MIT Joint Seminar in South Asian Politics. She completed her PhD and MA from the Department of Politics at Princeton University, the tripos in social and political studies from Cambridge University, UK, and a BA (Honors) in economics from Delhi University. Prior to joining Brown, she taught in the Department of Government at Harvard University. She has also been a junior fellow at the Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies and held a pre-doctoral research fellowship at the Center for Advanced Study for India (CASI) at the University of Pennsylvania.
Her book, How Solidarity Works for Welfare: Subnationalism and Social Development in India was published by Cambridge University Press in their Comparative Politics series earlier this year. The book is a comparative historical analysis of the very different evolution of social policy and welfare systems across states in India, and the critical role that a sense of social solidarity and political community has played therein. She traces the striking divergences in education and health policy and outcomes across Indian states to differences in the strength of their subnational identification. The book was awarded the Woodrow Wilson prize by the American Political Science Association for the best book published in politics and international relations in the last year, and the Barrington Moore prize for the best book published in comparative historical sociology in the last year by the American Sociological Association.


Creativity For Kids' corner creature origami bookmarks provide a unique and fun way to save the pages of a book. Fun for all ages these origami animals provide a practical and usable product which is colourful silly and quirky. These bookmarks can help to brighten up any page of a book and have other uses such as a computer decoration or paper/letter clip. Fold & decorate 10 simple origami bookmarks.


text:
import { hooks } from 'botframework-webchat-api';
import classNames from 'classnames';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
import React, { useState } from 'react';

import ScreenReaderText from '../ScreenReaderText';
import SpinnerAnimation from './Assets/SpinnerAnimation';
import useForceRender from '../hooks/internal/useForceRender';
import useStyleSet from '../hooks/useStyleSet';
import useTimer from '../hooks/internal/useTimer';
import WarningNotificationIcon from './Assets/WarningNotificationIcon';

const { useDirection, useLocalizer, useStyleOptions } = hooks;

const ConnectivityStatusConnecting = ({ reconnect }) => {
  const [{ slowConnectionAfter }] = useStyleOptions();
  const [
    { connectivityNotification: connectivityNotificationStyleSet, warningNotification: warningNotificationStyleSet }
  ] = useStyleSet();
  const [direction] = useDirection();
  const [initialRenderAt] = useState(() => Date.now());
  const forceRender = useForceRender();
  const localize = useLocalizer();

  const initialConnectionText = localize('CONNECTIVITY_STATUS_ALT_CONNECTING');
  const interruptedConnectionText = localize('CONNECTIVITY_STATUS_ALT_RECONNECTING');
  const slowConnectionText = localize('CONNECTIVITY_STATUS_ALT_SLOW_CONNECTION');

  useTimer(initialRenderAt + slowConnectionAfter, forceRender);

  const now = Date.now();
  const slow = now >= initialRenderAt + slowConnectionAfter;

  return slow ? (
    <React.Fragment>
      <ScreenReaderText text={localize('CONNECTIVITY_STATUS_ALT', slowConnectionText)} />
      <div
        aria-hidden={true}
        className={classNames('webchat__connectivityStatus', warningNotificationStyleSet + '')}
        dir={direction}
      >
        <WarningNotificationIcon />
        {slowConnectionText}
      </div>
    </React.Fragment>
  ) : (
    <React.Fragment>
      <ScreenReaderText
        text={localize('CONNECTIVITY_STATUS_ALT', reconnect ? interruptedConnectionText : initialConnectionText)}
      />
      <div
        aria-hidden={true}
        className={classNames('webchat__connectivityStatus', connectivityNotificationStyleSet + '')}
        dir={direction}
      >
        <SpinnerAnimation />
        {reconnect ? interruptedConnectionText : initialConnectionText}
      </div>
    </React.Fragment>
  );
};

ConnectivityStatusConnecting.defaultProps = {
  reconnect: false
};

ConnectivityStatusConnecting.propTypes = {
  reconnect: PropTypes.bool
};

export default ConnectivityStatusConnecting;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub