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The copy key is used to unlock the box and read the message. Send_to( bob => { nonce => $nonce } );. Unlike most investors, i know of certain things about to happen inside this crypto secretbox libsodium currency world coming from my past connections and some will happen in the next quarter that should make certain coins i have inside my newsletters already researched explode in upward value. Satoshi nakamoto's secret network alert key, returning dr. This is where other security mechanisms are crucial for. Not long ago she was working part-time at a local public-television station, co-producing shows about the gentle folklore of indiana. Public-key cryptography is a cryptographic approach which involves the use of asymmetric key algorithms instead of or in addition to symmetric key algorithms. - conventional foods don't need as much workers to produce them as organic food does.
crypto_secretbox_noncebytes
Times story, he discounts the "bad cryptography" explanation for the weakness, in favor of the backdoor one. You are not that important - see. While it is true that we cannot fully prevent side channel attacks in native js implementations i still believe it is of use to implement crypto secret in javascript. It will be something we use when we need compatibility (like. And the amount of computer power available to attackers has predictably increased,. This all sounds too good to be true, right. Anything encrypted with a public key, can only be decrypted with the private key corresponding to the public key that originally encrypted it. We'd all be better off if fewer people tried their hand at building these systems in the first place. Makes wild claims and counterclaims the natural state of the.
Given these properties, hashes are mainly used for data integrity purposes and to verify the authenticity of communication. What came next was no surprise to those familiar with the operation of state power. But encryption and authentication with 3000-bit rsa. Fallacies) to "win" a scientific argument. Such messages are encrypted using the.
In the diffie–hellman key exchange scheme, each party generates a public/private key pair and distributes the public key. If keys are compromised or an external authority expires them, key changes will be needed. We now briefly mention some attacks one could launch on a. An internet standard to provide secure e-mail over the internet and for inhouse communication infrastructures. I'm even going to give you the pine script for trading view that got me started. Remote access such as ipsec vpn. In contrast, public key–enabled e-mail clients can directly exchange secure e-mail using the authentication credentials of their users. When teeka began providing information on the cryptocurrencies, i was intrigued.
This is a fundamental part of public key cryptography. Small chunk of ciphertext, but that's a topic for another time. Are going to discuss now is somewhat homomorphic and we will use it to explain bootstrapping in more details. Later the british room 40, notorious for their great. How difficult is it for. Advantage of language idioms, popular phrases, and rules of grammar. Good programmers thus stand out, and poor programmers either develop.
This elite crypto secret newsletter is sold on an annual prepaid basis and will be discounted for longer terms. Like all cultures of memory, it is increasingly impacted by internal and external cultural forces, which tend to pose challenges to its persistence. Are possibly more prone to attack. What you claim doesn't make sense and i was looking at your post for about 30 minutes saying maybe im making some mistake maybe. I find myself re-reading the launch report ( and the other reports) many times over and continually increase my understanding how the crypto assets fit into block chain technology.
then there's the sweet bonus of receiving/earning free bitcoins when you join david's crypto secret wealth blueprint (cwb). They and my passwords aren't going anywhere soon. Each chunk of code has an "owner," and only the owner changes or. Instance, please report them, with a test case if at all possible. "there's some kind of group of people that controlled the majority of the hash rate of monero for a long time. Aes became an official u. Nsa put a back door in mit pgp, and that they only allowed it to be.
Can be virtually "dropped in" to a general stream cipher design. If a party to a message-exchange wishes to acquire the public key of the. Authorisation asks the question, "should you be doing this. Bob might use the same encryption key for many applications. 13) to get the best support for all the voice commands. At this point it is worth mentioning that cas at the top of hierarchies are called. Walker agreed to annual clandestine meetings in vienna and not to bring in any more agents. Here is how the attack goes:.
Coldfusion offers the following default algorithms for these functions:. Crypto: if you don't know exactly what you're doing, you're not doing it at all, no matter how hard you try. A real one-way function is not. Control composed of two concentric dials; the outer for hours and the inner. That lets the receiver know that the message received is the exact. Don't jeopardize your data by failing to protect your keys. With open(out_filename, 'w') as out_file:.
He previously worked for 30 years in scotland and england. Like random_compat before it, i'm writing the libsodium polyfill to be compatible with php as far back as 5. "caught" by a calling routine. It has one output, plaintext. Create cipher for asymmetric encryption (rsa). Your personal files encrypted, you can do so with any.
The 30 volt and 60 volt operating voltages on the other two scales have. (obviously don't use this example key for anything. the early adopter's secret. Ime, most bell wiring isn't nailed down. I use the image provided by the website of the lab, pic_original. War by both allied an axis forces. Packetbin, and if it is valid,. "distributed ledger technology (dlt), in particular, could spur change in the financial sector. A typical application of this scenario is the secure implementation of. Prime numbers and fi(n)=(p-1)*(q-1).
The preliminary, basis-for-discussion patch (https://go-review. When you generate a crypto wallet to securely store your crypto funds, you are given a one and only private key, enabling you to securely safeguard your assets. Therefore, an attacker can't cancel out the keystreams without. That perception changed as the verge team alternated between bungling their software and deceiving their investors. The first key that is required is a public key and the second key that is required is a private key. Several properties that we'll want to keep:. As steve jobs showed a number of people, alternative medicine does not cut it. Call it a tempest in a teletype.
Encrypt a secret key which is used to encrypt the bulk of a. Wbc could be seen as a special purpose code generator that turns a given cipher into a robust representation. learn how that from this newsletter and you can easily retire early once enough risk capital is invested into the right coins. String comparisons performed byte-per-byte may be exploited in timing attacks, for example in order to forge macs (see thisvulnerability in google's keyczar crypto library). Decrypt method to unseal the symmetric key and decrypt the credit card number. The goal of public key encryption (pke) is to ensure that the communication being sent is kept confidential during transit. -bob encrypts using bob_secret and aes:. A few select, unclassified monographs are also available to the public from the museum library. If initial value has been passed as the argument, it will then padded with. The cbc mode requires an iv to combine with the first plaintext block.
From the other machine, the circuit boards had been removed and were. Method was invented by adi shamir in.
Crypto Secret
Set attributes or an integer or string value extension for a pending request. It's open source week at sitepoint....
The copy key is used to unlock the box and read the message. Send_to( bob => { nonce =>...
Crypto_secretbox_open_easy
You used a password such as. I mean broke and owning money you don't have in...
Ability to crack such short keys within the reach of much less well-funded. Sometimes it's an account and...
Listening in on the comms does not possess this key. mainly because some powers to be don't...


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This sort of training enables lots of time for healing and also remainder from damages caused throughout the training session as well as ought to be performed on alternative days of the week. These exercises are restricted to twice weekly taking no longer than 60 minutes as well as utilize a selection of compound workouts which collectively are straining on the muscular tissues of the body. The workout sets are limited to 2, enabling 8 – 10 repeatings per exercise and also even more restricted remainder time in between collections. Nonetheless, this plan is not rigid and you might perform much more representatives with your picked weights maintaining the established as intense as possible. It should be kept in mind that it is reckless to have a totally inflexible program. The high strength training strategies will certainly enable better muscle damage, which obtain repaired during the rest days as well as lead to greater hypertrophy as well as adjustment to the stress. Rest time out training is one of the high strength weightlifting strategies. An example would certainly be a biceps curl at 40kg being crinkled for 10 associates the 10th associate being a difficulty and after that the weight is rapidly minimized to 30kg which would allow for one more 6 reps. Performance on equipments is the very best for this technique because it allows you to quickly alter the resistance when you a change a pin in the weight pile. This also enables higher security and increases the chance of failure.


Join Georgia WAND, in partnership with our friends from The ArtsXchange, as we host our annual REAL State of the Union event, with a twist! This years event will feature art, artists, performances, and intentional group activities. It's going to be an experience!
Wheelchair accessible and refreshments will be served. To learn more, send an email to Jewel Howard at Jewel@georgiawand.org.


Our country's economic development has entered a new phase. This, coupled with the ever-changing global economic landscape, has created a very favourable external environment for Hong Kong.
If we can capitalise on the opportunities, the wind beneath our wings will bear Hong Kong far and high.
On the economic front, the current-term Government is ready to think out of the box and act proactively to open up new horizons for Hong Kong. To improve people's livelihood, we are resolute in devoting resources and will spare no effort in solving problems.
Over the years, Hong Kong has weathered many storms, and always emerged stronger through changes. What remain unchanged are our commitment to diversity and openness, our pursuit of fairness and justice, and our aspiration for a happy life.
I strongly believe that as long as we embrace hope, find the right direction and steel our resolve, we will be able to brave the wind and the billows to turn our dreams into reality.
Financial Secretary Paul Chan made these remarks to conclude his 2018-19 Budget Speech on February 28.
The initiatives put forward in this Budget are underpinned by three main objectives.
Diversified economy: We have to diversify our economy to create wealth for Hong Kong and provide wider and better development opportunities for our young people.
Investing for the future: The outbreak of winter influenza has reminded us once again of the pressing need to improve healthcare services; an ageing population poses challenges which need to be overcome by deploying resources and making early preparation; and we also need to improve our living environment to make Hong Kong an ideal smart city to work and live in.
Caring and sharing: Children and young people should be given more care, protection and opportunities; middle-class families need relief from financial burdens, while the grassroots and underprivileged require more support.
A fulfilling life calls for not only materialistic improvements, but also better quality of life and spiritual enrichment.
In reality, no abundance of resources would ever enable the Government to satisfy the needs of all. It is my responsibility to take care of various sectors of the community. While addressing the pressing needs, I must also be proactive, innovative and bold in investing for the future of Hong Kong.
Financial Secretary Paul Chan made these remarks while delivering the 2018-19 Budget on February 28.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government is committed to creating an environment conducive to arts and cultural development. As an important strategic investment in this respect, the West Kowloon Cultural District project now taking shape on the other side of Victoria Harbour will be developed into an integrated arts and cultural district with world-class facilities befitting Hong Kong's status as an international arts and cultural metropolis. Various major facilities will be gradually commissioned. In particular, the Xiqu Centre will open by the end of this year; Freespace, scheduled to open in 2019, has been topped out; and the M+ building will also open by late 2019. Furthermore, the Lyric Theatre Complex will be completed around 2021, while the Hong Kong Palace Museum is scheduled for completion in 2022.
Alongside the upgrade in architectural hardware, we will continue to strengthen our cultural software. To enrich people's cultural life, build audiences, nurture local talent and promote professional development, we organise a variety of quality arts and cultural programmes and activities. The Hong Kong Arts Month will return in March this year, in tandem with other major art fairs including Art Basel, Art Central and Asia Contemporary Art Show.
And today, the highlight of the action is right here on this side of the harbour. The unveiling of the Harbour Arts Sculpture Park will see the Central and Wan Chai harbourfront transformed into a gallery featuring large-scale, museum-quality works of 18 emerging and established local and international artists. The Sculpture Park offers a unique opportunity for the general public to appreciate world-class sculptures against the backdrop of Hong Kong's iconic skyline and energetic harbour. For Hong Kong people and overseas visitors alike, it will certainly be an impressive experience to rest, stroll, walk, jog along – and stop – to admire the masterpieces in this vibrant urban setting.
The Sculpture Park is the fruition of collaboration among government departments, the creative industry and the arts and cultural community. It would not have been possible without the staunch support from all parties. I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to the remarkable lineup of curators, partners and sponsors for bringing out the best in creativity.
Chief Secretary Matthew Cheung gave these remarks at the launch ceremony of Harbour Arts Sculpture Park 2018 on February 22.
The Lunar New Year is the most important festival for Chinese people. Though busy as we all are, I always make time to do shopping and decorate my home for the new year to get myself in the festive spirit.
This year is the Year of the Dog. Faithful and gentle, dogs have always been our best friends. More than that, police dogs are police officers' wonderful workmates and provide loyal service to the force. They help the Police maintain law and order, making Hong Kong a safe place to live and work.
I am honoured to extend my New Year greetings to you for the first time in my capacity as the Chief Executive. I wish Hong Kong prosperity, stability, progress and success in the year ahead.
This is a translation of Chief Executive Carrie Lam's Lunar New Year message delivered on February 15.
Thanks to the power of technology and the global economy, we live in an increasingly interconnected and inter-dependent world. Our young graduates must be equipped with the necessary skills, the essential confidence and connections, if they are to find their place – and maintain Hong Kong's standing – in the global economy. In this, the Li Po Chun United World College is certainly exceeding expectations. Through such initiatives as the Education Outside the Classroom programme, overseas trips, China Week, cultural evenings, the college has been making remarkable efforts to deepen students' understanding of international connectedness and enhance their whole-person development.
Beyond breaking boundaries, the college also continues to build bridges. We are all well aware by now of the Belt & Road Initiative, which is now supported by more than 100 economies and international organisations. All of them are keen to build bridges – the literal, as well as the metaphorical. I am pleased to note that the college is determined to be part of that multilateral future and to create its own connections to the nations, the cultures and the peoples of the Belt & Road. In fact, over the past 25 years, more than 560 students from Belt & Road countries have been admitted to the college. And now the college is moving to expand its Belt & Road links. I understand that plans are in place to set up a Belt & Road Resource Centre at the college, which will welcome secondary school students from all over Hong Kong, helping them better understand the economies, the cultures and the opportunities that the Belt & Road can offer.
In addition, some of the college's service projects will take place in Belt & Road countries, and the college is working to establish a scholarship programme to welcome more students from these countries. That is what I call planning for the future.
My Government is also busy building bridges for the Belt & Road and for our young people in general. The Education Bureau will enhance the content of Mainland exchange programmes to enable more teachers and students to understand the opportunities brought by the Belt & Road Initiative and other national development strategies and to widen their horizon through visiting the relevant provinces and cities in the Mainland. In the 2016-17 school year, about 60,000 students benefited from the exchange. This school year, we have expanded the quota to more than 100,000 places to give every primary and secondary student the invaluable opportunity to participate in at least one Mainland programme.
More generally, we are eager to help our youth realise their potential, whatever their goals may be. And I believe we can do that best through innovative, future-focused education. It is the reason why, shortly after taking office, my Government increased the recurrent expenditure on education by $3.6 billion a year. The additional resources cover the entire spectrum, from kindergartens and primary and secondary schools, to integrated and special education, as well as post-secondary education.
At our public sector primary and secondary schools, we have raised the teacher-to-class ratio, providing more than 2,000 additional regular teaching posts. We are also offering an extra recurrent cash grant of $25,000 a month to boost innovation and technology staffing support for e-learning and other I&T-related educational initiatives. We are, as well, bolstering our STEM education. We have updated the curriculum of the STEM Education Key Learning Area to nurture the creativity, collaboration and problem-solving abilities of our youth, thereby promoting an innovative and entrepreneurial spirit. We have also launched STEM training programmes for the heads and middle managers of our public primary and secondary schools. Additional training and teaching support are available at the STEM Education Centre, up and running since last October.
At the post-secondary level, we are creating policies and programmes designed to boost our I&T talent. A recent McKinsey Global Institute study, "Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained: Workforce Transitions in a Time of Automation," notes that "between 400 million and 800 million individuals could be displaced by automation and need to find new jobs by 2030, around the world". So we must ensure that today's students have the knowledge, expertise and innovative smarts they need to build their future. With that in mind, some $10 billion has been earmarked for university research programme. And with an injection of $3 billion into the Research Endowment Fund, the Education Bureau is providing scholarships for local students admitted to Hong Kong-funded research postgraduate programmes. And I can tell you, there is a great deal more funding on the way for I&T education and research in our policy agenda.
Money, of course, is only a means to realising our vision for education. With our healthy fiscal reserves, my Government is prepared to invest for our future, and there is no investment more meaningful than education. We are therefore prepared to consider any proposal to improve the quality of education, even if it means that we have to go beyond the $5 billion additional funding that I pledged last year. In my Policy Address delivered last October, I have identified eight areas of education which the Government needs to carry out in-depth reviews, including professional development of teachers, curriculum arrangement, assessment system, vocational and professional education and training, self-financing post-secondary education, school-base management, parent education and University Grants Committee's funding on research and student hostels. I am glad to report that the Education Bureau has set up task forces with the participation of educational experts and related professionals to carry out the reviews, and studies have been commissioned step by step.
Chief Executive Carrie Lam gave these remarks at the opening of the "Breaking Boundaries, Building Bridges – The Role of Education" forum held by the Li Po Chun United World College of Hong Kong on February 10.
My Government's smart city vision is as clear and compelling as the benefits it promises. We have embraced the smart city and the innovation and technology (I&T) that will power it to ensure that our economy remains strong and diverse deep into this 21st century. No less important, we see the smart city as a critical means to providing the people of Hong Kong with a high quality of life.
That said, we have no time to waste – not if we want to turn Hong Kong into one of the world's smart cities. Which is why in my October Policy Address I announced that we would advance the timetable for the publication of the Smart City Blueprint and invest initially $700 million to push ahead with key infrastructure projects for smart city development. This is also why I personally chair the Steering Committee on Innovation & Technology, with membership comprising the Chief Secretary for Administration, the Financial Secretary and 10 bureau secretaries to oversee the implementation of the initiatives. I am glad to tell you that we are making some progress, with the Smart City Blueprint published in December last year.
The blueprint is only a start. Delivering the smart city is a multifaceted task and we will need to work particularly smart in a number of strategic areas if we are to realise its full benefits. They include opening up data for free use by startups and the public.
As you know, open data can only promote social innovation. Opening health-related data, for example, will help us better monitor infectious disease trends, promote research and development (R&D), and drive innovation in health-related products and applications. In this respect, I am happy to note that the Hospital Authority is developing big data analytics to encourage the sharing of anonymous patient data. Within government, we have recently revamped data.gov.hk to provide geospatial data, which in turn will promote the development of innovative applications and solutions. More geo-tagged data sets will be made available for public use. Looking ahead, we will expand the opening up of free government data, focusing on transport, health, education and sensor data. In these areas we trail our competitors.
Of course, much data are controlled by the private sector. Our public transport operators, for example, are private companies. And they are generally reluctant to share, at no cost, data generated from their operations. That includes the real-time location of their fleet and passenger volume. We will continue our efforts to convince them of the benefits that everyone gains in a system where the data is freely available. I am sure the Smart City Consortium will help us to give this a real push. Using the data of other operators can only help enhance the business models of all operators.
Building essential technology infrastructure is another critically important strategic area. In this regard, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority is developing a Faster Payment System. It will allow residents to use their mobile phones for payment – anytime, anywhere. We are also gearing up for the 2020 commercial launch of 5G mobile services and applications. We will as well provide a universal eID – a single digital identity and authentication allowing the people of Hong Kong to access government and commercial online services.
Within government, we are building a new big-data analytics system to support cloud services. It will also enhance efficiency and cyber security through resource sharing and artificial intelligence.
Next year, we expect that the first smart lampposts will take to the streets of Hong Kong. They will collect a wide variety of city data, from weather and air quality to traffic. And that can only help us enhance the good management of Hong Kong. The Highways Department and the Office of the Government Chief Information Officer will roll out a pilot scheme in four districts. These smart lampposts will offer Wi-Fi, 5G networks and district information for road users. Still on infrastructure, the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Innovation & Technology Park may well be our most anticipated I&T infrastructure project. Occupying a site of 87 hectares and a gross floor area of 1.2 million square metres, it will be the largest I&T development in Hong Kong upon completion. I can tell you we are working at full speed to implement it. The statutory planning procedure has been completed just last week and the infrastructural work will start immediately once funding has been approved by the Legislative Council.
Hong Kong is also home to high-tier data centres. Last June, Amazon Web Services announced it would establish a data centre hub in Hong Kong while Google will open a Google Cloud Platform in Hong Kong later this year. These, and other developments, underline the confidence global I&T leaders have in the future of Hong Kong as a data hub and smart city.
Talent is essential to that future. Simply put, we need all the smart, tech-savvy people we can get if we are to create a smart city for the world. At last count, we had about 50,000 students in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) studies. That number has to grow. To that end, we will provide scholarships worth $3 billion to encourage local students to take part in research postgraduate programmes. And we will continue to promote STEM education at the primary and secondary school levels, as well as the community at large.
We are also looking for talent beyond Hong Kong. We will soon launch a pilot fast-track scheme to admit technology talents from overseas and the Mainland of China. In the coming months we will launch a $500 million Technology Talent Scheme, which will include a Postdoctoral Hub. The hub initiative provides funding support for companies looking to recruit postdoctoral talent for scientific research and product development. In addition, we will continue to invite acclaimed universities, R&D institutes and technology enterprises to set up here to collaborate with local partners and to develop research projects with social benefits for Hong Kong.
Then there's a question of legislation. In my Policy Address I pledged to review existing legislation and regulations and to remove any outdated provisions that may impede our I&T development. The Policy Innovation & Co-ordination Unit will soon be set up, again subject to the approval of the Legislative Council, working directly under me to spearhead that effort.
Beyond government policies and plans, I'm pleased to note that venture capitalists are already sold on Hong Kong. In the first nine months of 2017 venture capital in Hong Kong reached US$770 million. That is nine times more than was invested in Hong Kong in 2012. As for startups, there were just over 1,000 in Hong Kong in 2014. Last year that number more than doubled to over 2,200. At last count, at least two of our made-in-Hong Kong startups have hit that starriest of capital heights: unicorn status.
In short, we're on our way. It's an evolving journey and support from the private sector is essential. When I said support, that doesn't mean that you should tell us what we are doing well. I want you to tell us what we are not doing well enough so that we could improve and respond to the industry's needs. As I said, the Smart City Blueprint is just the beginning. It's a living document driving a multifaceted policy agenda. We will continue to update and upgrade them for the benefit of the people of Hong Kong.
Chief Executive Carrie Lam gave these remarks at the Smart City Blueprint Luncheon on February 7.


text:
Dale Profit is focused on farming betterDale Profit is focused on farming better
This Van Wert County farmer is a 2018 Ohio Master Farmer.
Jennifer Kiel
MASTER FARMER: Dale Profit was named a 2018 Ohio Master Farmer during the Ohio Conservation and No-Till Technology Conference in Ada, March 6. He has been married to his wife Judy for 48 years.
Farming is an evolution, and Dale Profit will tell you that technology and technique continue to change how he farms and how the agriculture industry progresses.
He's seen many changes since he started farming fulltime in Van Wert, Ohio, with his father, Kent, in 1965 — most for the better. He's been a quick adopter of technologies and methods that make sense financially, but just as importantly, improve the environment and pave the opportunity for the next generation.
Dale was named a 2018 Master Farmer in conjunction with the Ohio Conservation and Tillage and Technology Conference in Ada on March 6.
Dale was a pioneer in no-till. "He has been successful with no-till when the conventional wisdom was that it would not work on northwest Ohio lake-bed soils," says Randall Reeder, retired OSU Extension agricultural engineer who co-nominated Dale for the award with Jan Layman, a 2016 Master Farmer from Hardin County.
Dale uses ag consultants to pull samples on every field, every other year. Once sampled and gridded, he variable rate applies fertilizer according to Tri-State recommends.
And, in the late 1990s, he was one of the first two in Van Wert County to have a tractor that steered itself.
Early on
Dale's father started the farm in 1938. When the farm was big enough, Dale left his factory job at the age of 20 and joined his dad. With more growth, his brother,Charles also joined the operation to form a corporation growing row crops, but also tomatoes for several years and sugar beets for a time.
"The tomato canning company was only three miles away, but we quit tomatoes in 1973 because of many different issues," Dale says.
They went to corn, beans and wheat for several years before starting out small in popcorn in 1986. By the early 1990s, they got out of field corn and replaced that acreage with popcorn. "We decided that we would be more efficient with one or the other," Dale explains. "It was also about the time we got into the seed bean business."
NO-TILL PIONEER: Dale Profit has been no-tilling ground since the early 1980s.
He bought his brother out of the operation around 2006.
Today, Agracola Farms is about 2,000-plus acres and is operated by Dale and his son, Trent, with part-time help from son-in-law Troy Bowersock and two grandsons, Alek and Evan Bowersock. They grow popcorn, seed beans, and once in a while, wheat.
"He (Trent) keeps me young, and we get along well," Dale says. "Sometimes we have different opinions, but that's OK. I tell everybody he does 90% of the work, I do 10%."
Just as Dale's father helped him and his brother get into farming, he plans to do the same with Trent and Troy. "I will help both of them the best I know how," he says.
By Dale's side since they wed in 1970 is Judith. "She is the gopher and meals on wheels when things need to happen," Dale says. "She's supported me whenever I've needed it."
In addition to Trent, they have daughters, Tricia and Tonya, and in total they have 10 grandchildren.
"Dale, and other family members, are generous with their time for the community," Reeder says. "They were active supporters of the annual Farm Focus event for many years."
A benchmark of the operation, Dale says, "is to get better before we get bigger." That objective has included several good decisions, but also some not as good.
After taking a trip to Illinois in 1979 to hear from a farmer who was successful with no-till, Dale and his brother tried their hands at no-till in the early '80s. "We played around with no-till and were not successful initially, but we kept at it," he says, "We had a lot of failures, with some successes once in a while."
More land was converted to no-till in the early 1980s and, instead of converting it all over, they added strip till on bean ground that was going to corn.
"There weren't any strip-till machines around," Dale recalls. "So, we went here and there and sourced parts to put our own together."
It was a 12-row machine that maxed out at about 5 mph, which made it tough to get the work done alongside harvest. "Trent decided we needed a 16-row that went faster," Dale says. "Instead of shanks, it has discs that allow us to put fertilizer right in the ground. We don't spray anything on top the ground anymore."
What Dale was doing got noticed, as other farmers in the area began to adopt no-till. "I'd like to think we may have been influential in that," he says.
Tile drainage is important in Northwest Ohio, and Dale has been diligent in tiling his land and encouraging his landlords to do so as well. "I try to demonstrate to them the advantages of doing so, not only for income, but for how it can improve the soil."
Dale started with 50-foot tiles and has now gone to plastic in a 35-foot spacing.
Farming will continue to evolve, and technology will continue to change farming, Dale says. "My job is to do the best job I can with the tools I have. It's my goal to do the best I'm mentally and physically able to do, and leave the land so it's better for the next generation."
Name: Dale Profit
Spouse: Judith
Farm: Agracola Farms Inc. raising popcorn, seed soybeans, wheat
Nominator: Randall Reeder and Jan Layman
Leadership: Member of Farm Focus Committee and served as treasurer for many years. Served as host farmer in 1981. Served as church Sunday school teacher, Sunday school superintendent, trustee and chairman of the building committee.
Ag Leadership: Member of Farm Bureau, and Ohio Soybean Association. Served on the Ohio Soybean Association Board where he was on many committees and was a past president. Member of the Ohio Soybean Council from 1997 to 2016. He was appointed to the United Soybean Board in 2008 through 2016, and serviced on numerous committees. Van Wert County Soil and Water Board, serving as president.
Awards: Van Wert County JC Farmer of the Year. Top popcorn producer for Weaver Popcorn Company in 1991
Editor, Michigan Farmer
While Jennifer is not a farmer and did not grow up on a farm, "I think you'd be hard pressed to find someone with more appreciation for the people who grow our food and fiber, live the lifestyles and practice the morals that bind many farm families," she says.
Before taking over as editor of Michigan Farmer in 2003, she served three years as the manager of communications and development for the American Farmland Trust Central Great Lakes Regional Office in Michigan and as director of communications with Michigan Agri-Business Association. Previously, she was the communications manager at Michigan Farm Bureau's state headquarters. She also lists 10 years of experience at six different daily and weekly Michigan newspapers on her impressive resume.
Jennifer lives in St. Johns with her two daughters, Elizabeth, 19, and Emily 16.
See more from Jennifer Kiel

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The birthday book in which I keep track of family and friends' birthdays has a list of Wedding Anniversary Gifts in the front. They start out modest—first is "paper"—and work their way through "flowers," "wood," and "pottery" until you start getting to the good stuff. Twenty-fifth is "silver." The Body in the Wake, number twenty-five in the Faith Fairchild series, is my silver anniversary book. Yet, this silver anniversary is a golden one for me.
When the first book in the series, The Body in the Belfry, was published in February 1990, I was looking more toward a second anniversary—cotton—than a silver one, twenty-nine years later! Writing about Faith and her family has been a golden opportunity for me as a writer. I have been able to sustain one character across a number of significant life events: a prequel as a single woman set in her native Manhattan when she is just starting her catering—and sleuthing—career, continuing through marriage, child rearing (and no, one is never done). through good times and bad.
I've always thought of the books as a kind of theater. At the core, my ensemble troupe has an unchanging cast of characters. Side characters come and go, some making frequent appearances, others walking on stage only once. The sets also change. In order to keep the series fresh for readers, and for me, I alternate locales between Aleford, Massachusetts, the fictitious town I created west of Boston where Faith moves after marriage, with the "someplace else" books—those ranging across New England, elsewhere in the United States, and two set in Europe.
The second book, The Body in the Kelp, took place in Maine on Sanpere Island, again fictitious, yet this time very much based on real Deer Isle in Penobscot Bay. My family has spent sixty-one summers there and it's home for me now four months of the year. Since my parents are buried in a lovely birch-lined cemetery with plenty of extra room, I plan to remain there for a very long time.
I started thinking about the twenty-fifth several books ago and there was no question that the milestone had to be a Sanpere novel. The Body in the Wake is the sixth Maine book and the third featuring the character Sophie Maxwell, who was introduced in The Body in the Birches. Right away, I liked writing about these two women, who are in very different stages of life but share the same values and especially a sense of humor. Married for almost three years in this book, Sophie is fretting about not getting pregnant. Faith, who has been married much longer, but would not describe herself as an "old married lady," has two children in their late teens. Sophie and Faith's close friendship was forged under unusual circumstances—most bonding does not come about because of murder!
I decided an anniversary book needed a wedding, so The Body in The Wake ends with Samantha Miller and Zach Cohen's nuptials on a perfect Maine afternoon in a meadow high above The Reach with the Camden Hills on the horizon. However, before getting to this point, Samantha, the daughter of Pix and Sam Miller—the Fairchilds' closest friends in Massachusetts and Maine—has to wait out several plot twists, one involving her difficult future mother-in-law, the other Faith's discovery of first one body with an unusual tattoo and then, a week later, another.
I flat out loved writing this book. The temptation was getting carried away by the scenery and anecdotes about the place, but it's a mystery, not a travel guide. I reined myself in and let go in other ways, such as describing the fiction writing course that Sophie takes at the former Laughing Gull Lodge, now the Sanpere Shores Conference center. Plus, it wouldn't be a Faith Fairchild mystery without plenty of food. When the Shores' chef falls ill, Faith takes his place, joining daughter Amy, who had been working there all summer as sous chef. Maine food is delectable with literally an ocean of ingredients close to hand. Faith serves up her own special lobster rolls, seafood risotto, and chowder, as well as old-fashioned wild Blueberry Buckle and a modern farm-to-table chilled fresh pea soup with mint.
Sanpere is not paradise, despite Faith's and my deep feelings for it. It is this feeling that pushed me to write about the very real problem of substance abuse. Samantha's matron of honor, a young mother who is an island native, becomes addicted to opiates after they were prescribed for a severe injury. It was important for me to show that addicts are not criminals, but people in our families and our friendship circles who have a disease. It is as essential for them to get treatment as it is for diabetics to get insulin, or any number of individuals with life-threatening health issues the care they need. The people who are working at resolving this new epidemic are heroes.


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Q: FDT: Could not resolve variable (may be an XML element name) I'm getting some warning signs in FDT in a couple of lines of code that access values in the app descriptor, like this:
var appDescriptor:XML = NativeApplication.nativeApplication.applicationDescriptor;
var ns:Namespace = appDescriptor.namespace();
var appId:String = appDescriptor.ns::id[0];
var appVersion:String = appDescriptor.ns::versionNumber[0];

Those lines work fine, but FDT underlines "id" and "versionNumber", and issues the warning "Could not resolve variable (may be an XML element name)".
Is there a way to get rid of that warning?

A: Sort of, you can use this snippet:
/*FDT_IGNORE*/
// your code
/*FDT_IGNORE*/

to have FDT ignore the code therein. Another option is to try these settings. Otherwise try different parser / error settings to see what happens.
Preferences http://dl.dropbox.com/u/154189/web/never/Preferences.png

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BANDIPORA: The Jammu and Kashmir Police on Friday booked three youth under public safety act (PSA) in northern Kashmir's Bandipora district.
Official sources told that the three belong to Gundpora Rampora, Ganstaan and Hajin areas of the district.
The youth have been identified as Tawseef Ahmad Lone son of Wali Mohmad Lone a resident of Gundpora, Abdul Samad Malla alias Samad Inqalabi, a resident of Ganastan and Suhail Ahmad Parrey son of Zahoor Ahmad, a resident of Bangar Mohalla Hajin have been booked under PSA.
Sources said that the youth have been sent to Kot Balwal jail in Jammu.


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Low Gas Prices Crush Appalachia Shale Boom
Though the Permian often takes…
Why U.S. LNG Can't Win In Europe
Competition in EU gas markets…
America's Nord Stream 2 Dilemma Is Only Just Getting Started
With the completion of the…
Daniel J. Graeber
Daniel Graeber is a writer and political analyst based in Michigan. His work on matters related to the geopolitical aspects of the global energy sector,…
Polish Shale Ambitions Fine Without Exxon
By Daniel J. Graeber - Jun 19, 2012, 5:25 PM CDT
Exxon Mobil this week said it was abandoning its shale natural gas ambitions in Poland. Warsaw aims to tap into its shale deposits in an effort to break the Russian grip on the natural gas sector. The country recently scaled back its shale reserve estimate, however, and is set to unveil a new series of laws governing the emerging sector. Nevertheless, the move by Exxon did little to shake other explorers like Chevron, and with Exxon moving closer to Russian developments, its departure from Poland isn't the end to the shale story there.
The U.S. Energy Department's Energy Information Administration had estimated that Poland could hold as much as 5.3 trillion cubic meters of natural gas. That would be enough for the country to satisfy domestic demand for the next 300 years, effectively cutting the Kremlin out of Warsaw once and for all. A Polish review of shale deposits revealed in March, however, that the reserve estimate was closer to 550 billion cubic meters on average.
Though acrimony from the Cold War era lingers in Warsaw, the Polish energy sector remains heavily dependent on Russia for oil and natural gas. Officials at Russian natural gas monopoly Gazprom shrugged off the shale bonanza by saying Polish natural gas would be an expensive commodity for potential consumers. At the same time, however, Gazprom said that its own natural gas designated for the South Stream natural gas pipeline was a secure source despite what it expects to be an expensive resource.
Poland has doled out more than 100 shale exploration licenses to international oil companies like Exxon and Chevron. While Exxon said it was leaving, authorities at Chevron said they were moving ahead as planned. Chevron, working in southeast Poland, said it was evaluating the results from two exploratory wells and remained committed to its work in the country. Exxon in February, however, said two of its shale natural gas wells in Poland weren't commercially viable.
Shale is an emerging phenomenon. The geology was sidelined until roughly 20 years ago when new drilling practices gave explorers optimism about the resource potential. Now, the United States is the shale natural gas leader, something that wasn't the case when Poland was weighed down by Iron Curtain. Exxon, before announcing it was leaving Poland, moved closer to Russia's Rosneft in arctic shale oil deposits, which could be on par with the massive Bakken shale deposit in North Dakota. While explorers eying shale reserves in Poland may be cautious given pending laws governing taxation and environmental issues, it's premature to say Exxon's departure is a significant blow to Warsaw's shale ambitions. Countries like France and Bulgaria have banned shale developments on environmental concerns, meaning Poland is open for business. The Polish shale story will continue even without Exxon.
By. Daniel Graeber of Oilprice.com
China Turns to Natural Gas to Fuel their Economic Growth
Greece's New Centrality - and Dilemmas - in Energy
al lindner on June 20 2012 said:
I smell Putin's influence with Exxon's decision, trying to make shale gas exploration in Poland look unattractive.
Development of shale gas resources in Europe is Putin's worst nightmare!
I hope Chevron is very successful in their Polish exploration program.


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text: A learning project for Java beginners

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Candidates and competition in the 2022 election in Papua New Guinea
by Terence Wood
Election campaigning in Port Moresby, June 2022 (Roan Paul)
Keeping track of even the basics in Papua New Guinea's 2022 general election has been hard. With polling already underway, the exact number of candidates contesting is still, it appears, unknown. Newspapers reported numbers in May and June, but these were wrong. Finally, late last week what appeared to be a comprehensive count of candidates was released. Even this wasn't entirely accurate: it's based on a list that includes candidates who have withdrawn from competition, as well as others (including one sitting member) who have recently passed away (none under suspicious circumstances). And it's probably prone to change –there may still be legal rulings that affect final numbers.
Still, the current list is as good as we're going to get. Here's what the numbers have to say so far.
Candidate numbers are up, but not by much. Correcting for the deaths and withdrawals that I know about, 3619 candidates appear to be contesting in the 2022 general election. The final number could change, but only by a handful. This is the highest number of candidates ever to have ever stood in a general election in PNG. The increase from 2017, as the chart below shows, is nearly 9%.
That sounds significant, but thanks to the decision to increase the number of seats in 2022, there are also seven more electorates. And the average number of candidates per electorate has increased by only 0.7 candidates.
The 2022 elections in Papua New Guinea will be busy, but for the country as a whole, no more so than usual.
Although the increase in the overall number of candidates is modest, there is a massive variation between electorates. One of the most startling aspects of electoral competition in PNG is just how much it varies around the country. It varies in many ways, including levels of cheating and violence, but one of the most basic forms of variation is the number of candidates standing. Some competitions are crowded, others remarkably quiet. You can see this in the next chart of candidate numbers by electorate in 2022.
In the busiest electorate – Moresby North-East – 76 candidates are standing. This is a record for Papua New Guinea. It's also a far cry from Bougainville Provincial electorate, where only six candidates are standing this year.
Explaining just why some electorates have so many candidates and others so few isn't easy: if you're thinking it's a tale of crowded urban electorates versus peaceful rural ones (which is largely the case in Solomon Islands, for example), you're wrong. Right next to bustling Moresby North-East, is Moresby South, where only eight candidates have thrown their hats into the ring.
It's also not entirely a story of regional differences. As you can see in the next chart, which shows the average number of candidates per region, as well as candidate numbers in the busiest and quietest seats, there are clearly fewer candidates per electorate in the Islands Region, but the variation between the other regions is a lot less than within them. When it comes to candidate numbers, competition is different in the Islands but less so between other regions.
Nor is it a clear-cut story of size and population. The average number of candidates in the large, populous provincial seats is very slightly less than in the smaller open seats. (There was also no correlation between candidate numbers and votes cast 2017.)
Part of the explanation, we think, for varying candidate numbers, is that more candidates enter the field when they think their chances of winning are higher. You can see this in the impact of incumbency on candidate numbers: incumbents have an advantage in elections in PNG – they are more likely to win than anyone else (even if they're still not that likely to win in an absolute sense). But some electorates, either because they're new as a product of redistricting or because their sitting member died recently, don't have incumbents. And in 2022, as you can see in the next chart, on average more candidates are standing in electorates without incumbents.
The presence of an incumbent still doesn't explain all of the variation in candidate numbers. There's an incumbent in Moresby North-East after all. But weaker incumbents also usually boost candidate numbers. For whatever reason, lots of people fancy their chances against the sitting member in Moresby North-East this year.
Finally, gender. Unfortunately, the publicly available data don't have details on gender. However, reported numbers suggest women will comprise about 4.6% of total candidates. If correct, this is a slight fall from 2017 (5.4%). But let's see first: a variety of different female candidate numbers have been bandied about over recent months, each apparently final, only to subsequently change.
A lot remains to be seen in the 2022 election: how badly procedural problems will blight the electoral process, who will win, who will lose. But thus far, in terms of candidate numbers at least, it's shaping up to be a typical election. Typical in Papua New Guinea means variety though. Right now PNG is a single country struggling to hold a national election. Yet within the overall process, there are 118 contests going down, each with very different dynamics.
The candidate list that I have been working off shouldn't be treated as official or final, but you can download it.
[Update: an earlier version of this blog mistakenly said fewer candidates stand in seats without incumbents. This was a typo and has been corrected. More candidates stand in seats without incumbents.]
This research was undertaken with the support of the ANU-UPNG Partnership, an initiative of the PNG-Australia Partnership, with funding from the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The views represent those of the author only.
Parties in PNG's elections
Women in the 2022 PNG elections
PNG's 2022 elections: parties, policies and women candidates
Why were so many MPs re-elected in Papua New Guinea's 2022 elections?
PNG: parties need to do more to help women get elected
Papua New Guinea PNG election 2022 PNG politics
Terence Wood
Terence Wood is a research fellow at the Development Policy Centre. His research focuses on political governance in Western Melanesia, and Australian and New Zealand aid.
Bazamo says:
Politics in PNG is recognition of wealth, leadership, unity, courage and strength and participate in it over time. This things are not for exchange neigther bought and sold. PNG culture of politics be carved into constitution. Certain criteria be met to be eligible. Democracy does not provide every need of all societies. Some branches of total democracy be pruned. Politics related violence will be minimised for most will know who is eligible, who are contesting and who is winning. Thank you.
Yauka says:
Thanks for this, agree with some of your observations. The large number of candidates entering the race in certain electorates tends to be indicative of 'poor performance at electoral levels' by the incumbents (that's my reading). But also, despite serious allegations of corruption hanging over them, locally perceived strong performers at electoral levels tend to enjoy strong support at local/electorate levels although, at the national level, they may be unwanted. This scenario tends to feed into the MP's desire to keep the slush/DSIP funds as they have been using these funds extensively to shore up support than to trigger sustainable economic and social development in the districts. Indeed, DSIP funds have also created a patron-clientele environment in PNG and may also be responsible for the mayhem and violence triggered across the country (clients don't want to lose their 'feeding hand') . But I should also admit that DSIP has by-passed the inept public service with its red tape and delivered many services around the country so it's a mixed result but my worrying points are 1) the issue of DSIP funds primarily being used to shore up political patronage/support and 2) DSIP as the 'dark hand' that may be fueling the violent scenes around the country ie DSIP creating a patron-clientele culture/environment.
Terence Wood says:
Thank you Yauka, that's an insightful and interesting comment. Thanks again. Terence
Tony Voutas says:
Very informative.
P says:
Thanks for the information and reports presented has been educational eyepener. I believe most PNGIan reading and following your article will understand more insights into our NGE.
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Home » International Business Essay Examples & Outline
International Business Essay Examples & Outline
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International Business Sample Essay & Outline
Business Law Sample Essay & Outline
Cross Border International Business Sample Essay
Facebook and the rest of the social media companies serve to prove the epitome advanced by the father of internet that internet does not just connect the machines but it also links the people. The boundless nature of the internet means that once a company goes online, basic rules governing the international business models will have to apply. The company has been able to attain meteoric rise. However, this is not the only issue that the companies such as Facebook face since there is always an eminent danger of the companies undergoing precipitous falls. In order for Facebook to survive the competition and retain the massive acceptance that is has received since its introduction in 2004, it has to be mindful of the business dynamics that apply in the international markets (Leeming & Danino, 2012). The best way of winning in the international market is by adapting ones operations to the changes that occur in the real-time. Better still, the company can forecast the needs of the market and come up with the solutions. The paper will look at Facebook in the international market.
There are various ways that Facebook interacts with the economy of various nations. Facebook impacts the economies of the nations by the traditional narrow effects which are the result of day to day activities within the nations (Bechmann, 2013). The second impact of Facebook is attained through the broader effects. The broader effects result from the actions and interactions of the third parties in the eco system created by Facebook. The narrow effects of Facebook result from the direct effect of spending by the company in the remuneration of the employees and the profits that result from its activities, value created by the company in the supply chain and the induced effect. Broader impact of the company result from the ability of the company to act as a platform for adverts by other companies. The value that the companies have as a result of the adverts is the main source of the broader effects of the company. Therefore, any change in the economy that affects the above sectors will definitely have an impact on the operations of the company. For instance the changes that erode the ability of companies that advertise with Facebook to do so will affect the financial position of the company. The other way of looking at it is through the price of the enabling infrastructure for the users such as broadband connections (Bechmann, 2013). If the people are unable to afford being connected to the internet due to high costs of connection or devices such as mobile phones will lead to fewer people using the platform. In the end the Facebook ends up losing the prospective financial gains.
Cultural effect on any international business can be interpreted in two ways. The first approach of understanding culture is by looking at the inherent culture which is the ordered way that the people live in a certain society. For instance, some regions may be oriented to a certain religion or a certain practice that they accord value to. The second perspective of culture is the trends in the society (Leeming & Danino, 2012). Trends are normally temporary. This means that there are trends that may arise in a certain area that may make people take up the products offered by the company. For instance, in the startup days of the Facebook, it was trendy to be a member of the social network and most of the people associated the fad with social approval.
However, as new direct and indirect competitors entered the market, the fad changed. In order to retain its relevance the company has been forced to make some changes on its outlook numerously such that it seems that it is keen on reinvention. The majority of the people were against the company in the startup times more so the ones that had formed opinions on what is acceptable in their cultural orientations. However, as the company has turned into a household name in the social media, the same people have softened the hard stances. The cultural changes that make the masses more inclined to accept the company are opportunities that the company has to capitalize on since they are new markets.
The increase in globalization has led to the development of new cultural strains that do not work according to the laid approaches to culture. This means that there are more people that are willing to go against the ordered ways of their enclaves to work with the new global throb. The development of the new "uncultured people" offer a different market that is ready to take more risks for the experiential purpose. In this case, Facebook has to come up with ways of addressing the needs of the above emerged group while respecting the wishes of the majority. Therefore, the need for customized focus can never be more real than before (Leeming & Danino, 2012). In summary, cultural diversity calls for sensitivity and inclusion of all the groups of people regardless of their cultural orientation. Customized products ought to be developed to respect the specific people. Provision of the services offered by Facebook in the many languages of the world passes the message to the people that the company is sensitive to the needs of the people (Leeming & Danino, 2012).
There are many issue that arise in the information age. One of the most recurrent one is the issue of privacy. Media reports of instances when Facebook users have expressed concerns about their privacy as a result of governmental institution using the information that they have put on their Facebook profiles for surveillance purposes. The right to privacy is one of the most integral rights enshrined in most of the constitutions in the world (Acquisti & Gross, 2006). Therefore, any concerns about the privacy of the information that the Facebook users post are of optimal importance. The above concerns can be used by the people and competitors to discredit the company and this will be the beginning of the end of the company. The other legislation area that has received enormous intention is in the area of cyberbullying whereby various people have died as a result of the aforementioned vice. Users of the social media site have raised concerns about the halfhearted approach that the company uses to deal with the issue (Viswanath, Mislove, Cha & Gummadi, 2009). Legislation in both cyberbullying and cyber surveillance arise from the concern on the safety of users of Facebook. In order for the business to retain its successful status, the company has to assure the users that they have the needed safety (Acquisti & Gross, 2006). The company has to follow all the rules that guarantee the safety of the users. It also has the power to push for the drafting and legislation of laws that are relevant in the market such that they will help solve the needs of the users and assuage the masses on their safety (Acquisti & Gross, 2006).
Facebook is a market leader but there are new entrants in the market that are real threats to the status quo. Market competition can be classified into two classes. On one hand there is the group of companies that have similar services with Facebook. The majority of the companies in this section of the competition are old and they have their own sections of the markets. This type of competition is not entirely demeaning since the users of the services offered by the competitors are strict followers. The users are frozen and they are not open to any form of change.
The second source of competition is a little hidden since the members of the competition may not be evident. This is the type of competition offered by social media companies that tend to offer differentiated services such as LinkedIn and twitter. In the case of twitter, the company defines itself as a micro blogging site offering company that allows the people to offer their opinions on virtually any topic (Viswanath, Mislove, Cha & Gummadi, 2009). LinkedIn aim at connecting professionals. The companies may seem different from Facebook, however, the services that they provide have the potential of eroding the user base that is currently under the control of Facebook. Changes in the market have made the competition to be targeted at a certain user base such that the competition may pass unnoticed to the majority of the companies. Being in a comfort zone is a potential source of failure for the company. Therefore, the company has to adapt to the dynamic nature of the competition and offer the right response to the developments.
Politics and regulation
In the international market, the company has been subject to numerous forms of regulations whereby the majority of the rules have been implemented to protect the minority ages. In extreme cases, the content that the company displays has been regulated to all the people. In the case of china, there are strict laws that seek to limit the use of Facebook among the people for varied reasons (Kuczerawy, 2010). Some of the reasons often cited by the politicians and other legislators in their decisions to regulate the company is that the content that it displays is against the cultural orientations of the people. In this case, the politicians undertake the regulation to curb the use of the products offered by the company in their country, they also do this to ensure that the heritage of the people is sustained even in the wake of the internet age (Viswanath, Mislove, Cha & Gummadi, 2009).
These rules should be seen as irrational in some quarters but the people that make them deem that they have the legitimacy to do so.
Politicians have come to accept the social media as one of the major tools in their political careers. They use it to spread their agenda to the masses (Kuczerawy, 2010). This is a new market for the company but it is also a dangerous territory given the knack of the politicians to disproportionately make claims in the public. Any instance of impartiality of the politicians may be used by the opposing party as a way to discredit the company. Therefore, maintaining objectivity with all the political users is important.
The company also has the role of ensuring that the information that is received and printed on the papers is acceptable. The company should appear to be taking parts in the political debate since that should suicidal. It should take down any politically instigated posts as proof of its neutrality. This will ensures that the people see the company as an objective member of the society as opposed to a political entity poised on maintaining the wishes of a given part of the political divide.
The neutrality approach to the national politics ought to be applied in all the countries where the company has membership.
However, when it comes to the global politics such as the green economy debates, the company ought to be among the proponents of the change that will lead to the creation of better global relations and businesses. However, in some cases, the company may find itself being torn in between issues that touch on both the national and global politics. In this case, the best stand that the management can assume is to abstain from commenting on the issue directly (Kuczerawy, 2010). Instead, all the comments on such delicate political matters ought to be made in a focused and directed manner to avoid touching on the political players that are directly involved in the politics. Therefore, there is no single approach that the company can assume when dealing with the political issues affecting its users. This means that the political statements by the company ought to be directed and focused depending on the context. However, if it is possible, abstaining from the political comments will have a more desired impact than commenting. Maintenance of a neutral commenting and posting environment is also paramount (Kuczerawy, 2010).
Technological developments have made it possible for the services offered by the company to increase in terms of the scope. The machinery used in data hosting has also been increasingly cheap with the majority of the electronics producers offering a variation of such machinery. Software engineering has also witnessed significant changes such that the sites under development are designed with the needs and preferences of the people in mind. The above technological advancements have led to the creation of notions on what quality is to the ultimate consumers. For instance if the interface of the sites used for social networking is easily maneuverable, people may use this as a dimension for quality. Other may use the ability of the site to handle large bulky data as a quality dimension.
Therefore, the company has to come up with new approaches of ensuring that the quality dimensions that emanate from the technology in use at the company are up to the needs of the users. Investing in high data storing servers is also important. However, running the large servers has a cost connotation. Therefore, in as much as the company may be willing to provide the capacity as required by the users it has to consider the technology that has the least cost implications after conducting an extensive cost benefit analysis. Technology related decisions could be either be mediated by the competition and market needs or by the management (Viswanath, Mislove, Cha & Gummadi, 2009). The management can decide to develop the technology in an in-house facility or outsource its development to a specialized firm.
Dimensions of decision making process
There are five dimensions of decision making that the management has to consider. The first perspective of decision making affected by the above changes is the decision, perspective. This is dimension that seek to look into the nature of the decisions. The changes mentioned above will affect the actual definition of the decisions that has to be made by the management. The interpretation of the internal and external stimuli may differ from one manager to the other in the organization. However, the changes mentioned above will affect the perspective taken by the managers irrespective of the difference in the outlook. The definition and categorizations of a decision by the management in the initial stages defines the outcome of the decision in the end. Therefore, the changes will inform the definition of the decisions and their eventual implementation process. For instance the perception of the decision as a crisis will lead to the assumption of different action as opposed to when the decisions is taken to be an opportunity.
Strategic dimension
This dimension looks at the role of the decision makers. It lays emphasis on the strategic choices made by the managers and their endogenous behavioral component. The role of the upper echelons in the organization are also important in this perspective whereby the management determines the content of the strategic decision (Hill, 2003). The commitment of the top management in the decisions that will be informed by the changes will determine the effectiveness of the decisions in the field since the people have better reasons to carry out the decisions is the management has out rightly expressed their commitment to the decisions at hand. On the other hand in the event that the management does not show the commitment needed in the decisions making process, the chance of the company embracing the changes will be downplayed.
Environmental determinism perspective
The environmental dimensions to the strategic decisions making process seeks to explain the strategic decisions as an adaptation to the changes that are underway in the operational environment. Firms always adapt to the opportunities, threats or other changes that are characteristic in the environment (Hill, 2003). The managers are mere facilitators of the adaptation process. This approach to decision making is relevant in the case of Facebook since the changes mentioned above are results of the environment. Some of them are instigated by the action of the people while others are just results of the interaction of the player in the market. Therefore, this perspective or dimension of strategic decision making is the most relevant in this case study. The management ought to be the guiding map to the adaptations but it should play a minimalist role in informing the change. In the case of technology, the management can play the role of informing the decision by ensuring that the current technology is as current as possible to reduce the chance of obsoletes. The decisions made by the management have to be in consideration of the role of the adaptation and the environmental dynamism. The management at Facebook ought to be on the lookout for the dynamic nature of the market so as to come up with the most relevant decisions. It can do this by ensuring that the research on the market development is actively used by research and development department to come up with relevant solutions to the changes in the market (Hill, 2003).
Firm dimension
This dimension of the decisions making looks at the characteristics of the firm and the influence that it has on the decision making process. This outlook of the strategic decision making looks at the internal factors. These are the elements of the firm that inform the decision making. This approach is linked to the inertial perceptive. Internal systems of the organization such as formal planning systems will have a significant influence on the decision making by the organizations (Hill, 2003). The hierarchy on the organization and the number of tiers used by the decision makers will always have a significant influence on the ease at which the decisions are made. Performance or the resource perspective will also have a significant effect on the decisions making with the majority of the decisions being made using the resource perspective as the main driver. The management at Facebook ought to consider the decisions on the aforementioned issue on the basis of the resources too.
The final aspect of the firm dimension of the decision making is the corporate control. The owners of the company ought to be informed of the major decisions that will be made from the aforementioned changes. The company will be able to attain the necessary levels of response to the changes if it has the ability to maintain a proper corporate control. The corporate control will make it possible for the management to determine the target market for the change and the price that the change will cost it both the hidden and explicit price (Leeming & Danino, 2012). The ability of the management to respond to the changes in the environment mentioned above will affect the competitiveness of the company given the competitive nature of the market. Innovation need particularly deeper attention since any firm that is ahead of the peers in terms of competitive innovations has a better chance of survival (Hill, 2003).
Facebook has been on track with the changes that are taking place in the marker. The management has adopted various approaches that have been instrumental in hedging the market that is currently under the company's control. One of the approach that the company as adopted is ensuring that it is the leader in the particular section of the social media market. In order to retain the position that is currently holds, the company has been keen on increasing the number of users. It has also engaged in re branding drives where it has changed the general outlook of the company.
It has also changed the icons used to link users to different functionalities. The re branding has also assumed the focus of enabling the users to work their way around the site with comparative ease (Leeming & Danino, 2012). The company is mindful of the people aspect since without the people the business foundation will be thwarted eventually. Facebook respects the beliefs and values of the people. This means that it does not challenge the cultural orientation in as much as the views could be contrary from the mainstream ideals. It does that by ensuring that it brings down any pages that may be offensive to some cultures. Facebook has been more receptive to the safety concerns and cyber bullying laws. It works closely with the authorities to ensure that the cases of cyberbullying are on a decline (Leeming & Danino, 2012). It also advises the users on the various methods that they can apply to increase their security in the cyberspace.
The changes have strategic implications on the business. The ability of the company to adopt the changes and come up with the most accurate interventions will lead to the development of the acceptance of the choices made by the company. In the case of technology, it should ensure that it is current. Replacement of the technology ought to follow the tenets of replacement analysis. The adoption of the legislation may lead to loss of customers however, the potential savings that it could make in terms of avoided litigation liability will be important. In the case of the competition, the company ought to make changes that are focused on the benefits on the eventual gains to the final consumer. The users of Facebook are more than the ones for twitter.
However, the ability of the management to come up with the innovations that will match the growth rate of twitter will determine the survival of Facebook in the market. Linking up Facebook and twitter posts may cost the company the extra costs of handling the extra traffic but it will also make it possible for the users of Facebook to be involved in the twitter discussions. This is something that has been ongoing but it should have additional top management focus. The bargains on culture will not have particular financial implication but they will have a definite effect on the general outlook of the company (Leeming & Danino, 2012). Ensuring the company attain the necessary level of corporate responsibility is important since it will make it possible to maintain its position as the market leader.
Acquisti, A., & Gross, R. (2006). Imagined communities: Awareness, information sharing, and privacy on the Facebook, 36--58.
Bechmann, A. (2013). Internet profiling: The economy of data intraoperability on Facebook and Google. Mediekultur. Journal Of Media And Communication Research, 29(55), 19--.
Hill, C. (2003). International business (1st ed.). Boston, Mass.: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Kuczerawy, A. (2010). Facebook and its EU users--Applicability of the EU data protection law to US based SNS. Springer, 75--85.
Leeming, D., & Danino, N. (2012). Breaking barriers: A case study of culture and facebook usage. Intercultural Promenades: Journal Of Modern Languages And International Studies, 1(1).
Viswanath, B., Mislove, A., Cha, M., & Gummadi, K. (2009). On the evolution of user interaction in facebook, 37--42.
For any company that is seeking to increase its customer base, the 21st Century holds only one answer-social media marketing. The emergence of social media has been a game changer in the way companies run business, and especially so marketing. For such companies to reap the full benefits of having a wide market at their disposal, having an astute social media marketing manager is inevitable (Zarrella, 2010). Ensuring the success of the company demands that the manager possess certain attributes that are critical in social media marketing.
First and foremost, the manager must be fully capable of making well informed and discerned decisions on matters that bear legal implications. This is one of the most vital aspects of the manager, seeing that they will be constantly making decisions. Secondly, the manager must be extremely knowledgeable in matters tools, resources and laws regarding cyberspace marketing through social media. In this way, the manager is able to determine the best marketing approaches and strategies. This also ensures that the company does not find itself immersed in corporate litigation because of breaking the law.
Thirdly, the manager must understand the vitality of the law to the company, and even better, the importance of following this law (Gillin, 2011). This guarantees that the manager, as well as, all his subordinates working under his supervision act in strict adherence to the law. Lastly, this kind of manager bears an enterprising attitude towards regulation and legal matters. This ensures that the manager always reaps maximum benefits of social media marketing while still operating within the confines of regulation.
As with any company not using social media marketing, disputes are always bound to arise between the company and client. While this is an inevitable feature, the same cannot be said of the lengthy litigation processes that follow if the disputes are not properly addressed. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) processes have always been preferred to court battles that always provide negative publicity (Kabani, 2013). The processes include mediation, arbitration, negotiation, private judging and summary jury trial.
While all these processes have their pros and cons, mediation is always the best solution to solving disputes between the company and the client or customer. If a consumer makes an unsatisfactory purchase of a product through a link on social media, it is important that proper care is taken not to damage the reputation of the company or the social media outlet. Mediation saves both parties from negative publicity. As compared to getting a retired judge to listen to the case, or employing the use of an arbitrator to help solve the matter, mediation still stands as the most suitable method of ADR. Negotiation has always been a preferred option, but the lack of willingness to negotiate amidst foul allegations has always been the Achilles heel for many a company. The use of summary jury trial is also extremely out of favor with many companies, seeing that they do not feel comfortable residing their fate to the opinions of a few individuals (Andreasen, 2002).
It is the primary role of the Federal government to offer protection to its citizens, both within and without the state borders. The advent of social media outlets has relegated the world to a global village. Ironically, this is a blessing, as well as, a curse, seeing that it holds positive and negative implications in equal measure. Business has shifted to the online platform and the recent incorporation of social media into the fold through social media marketing forces the federal government to put in place security measures that will protect its citizens operating in cyberspace. Enforcing legislation is the most powerful tool that the federal government possesses in the protection of cyberspace transactions (Gillin, 2011). Enacting stringent regulations that govern inter-state online transactions ensures that American citizens are protected from unscrupulous business people looking to make quick and easy money.
Vetting is also a prerequisite of the federal government in this age of social media marketing. Ensuring that the government vets all companies looking to conduct online business prevents the emergence of fraudulent companies into cyberspace. This can also be supported by vetting all social media outlets and ensuring that they, in turn, vet all companies looking to market themselves on their platform. The integration of the banking system in cyberspace also provides an opportunity for the federal government to flex its muscle in guaranteeing cyber security. The use of credit cards in online transactions is a feature that must be strictly governed within and without the borders of the United States of America.
The United States government has three arms, all of which have well defined roles. These three arms are the Executive, the Judicial and the Legislative arms. All these arms play a significant role in the regulation of consumer transactions through social media outlets, but the legislative arm is by far the most significant. Made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives, Congress is a central player in regulating such consumer transactions. Congress drafts, debates and passes bills, which when assented to, are enforced as law. This is vital in overseeing consumer transactions across social media outlets since effective legislation has the power to sort out all pending issues in all matters cyber security (Kabani, 2013). Because of this ability and power, Congress is the most influential insofar as regulating consumer transactions via social media outlets is concerned.
Today's society is a free one, and this is a fact many businesses and people continue to enjoy. The development of social media served to enhance communication and sharing of ideas in a world that became a global village with the development of the internet. This being said, individuals and businesses are free to use social media to facilitate any interests that they may have (Andreasen, 2002). It is a fact that many businesses make use of social media in the promotion of their products, and their brand in general. This, results in the existence of a principal-independent contractor agency relationship between the social media service provider and businesses that make use of all the facilities that social media has to offer.
The fact that the social media outlet (service provider) is not in control of anything that businesses do is the truth of the matter. For this reason, it is impossible to hold the social media service provider responsible for any misdeeds or unlawful acts that the businesses commit. In a similar light, social media sites are not responsible for any actions that individual users of social media commit (Kabani, 2013). One cannot hold, say Facebook, responsible for claims or allegations that have been made by one of its users. There is no vicarious liability on the social media site in this case, as well as, that of businesses. Hence, the only agency relationship that exists between businesses and the social media service provider is that of principal-independent contractor.
Andreasen, A. R. (2002). Marketing social marketing in the social change marketplace. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 3-13.
Gillin, P. (2011). Social marketing to the business customer: Listen to your B2B market, generate major account leads, and build client relationships. (Social marketing to the business customer.) Hoboken, N.J: Wiley.
Kabani, S. (2013). The Zen of Social Media Marketing: An Easier Way to Build Credibility, Generate Buzz, and Increase Revenue. Dallas: BenBella Books, Inc.
Zarrella, D. (2010). The social media marketing book. Beijing: O'Reilly.
Cross-border, alliances are formed between organizations in order to take advantage of the inputs or other strategic instruments of the nation. Transnational agreements increase the ability of the company to introduce the products in the market. They are also the main reasons behind the development of the strategic viability of a company. Development of the cross-border alliances has emerged as one of the main approaches adopted by the companies for the increment of the rate at which the company enters the market. Strategic reasons such as the long term experience of the company in the region increase the reliance of the incoming company on the company based in the host country. Being able to form lasting business relations and challenges associated with the entry in a certain region makes the formation of the cross-border alliances the ideal approach (Rugman & Hodgetts, 2003). Established companies in the host country have more acceptance that a new company can leverage on.
Direct coordinating mechanisms are implemented when the companies have a centralized approach to their global operations. This means that the company is directly involved in the running and management of the global operations from a centralized location. The global areas do not have the autonomy in the decision-making and designs. The strategies for the global operations are developed in the centralized location. The indirect coordinating mechanisms entail the use of a proxy in the management of the global operations of the company. This means that the business will develop their general strategy and let the satellite locations come up with their ways of implementing them (Rugman & Hodgetts, 2003). Tactics for the implementation of the global strategy are devised and run by the managers in the satellite locations. The freedom in a choice is present in the indirect coordination.
Organizational structure is the design of the formal layout of the entire organization. This structure determines the decision-making approaches and the supervision. Global geographic structure is organized such that the representatives from the functional department are selected to be the representatives of the department in the global operational areas. The primary motivation behind this structure is the fact that they members of the organization can cascade the objectives and culture of the entire organization to the global location. This means that the culture of the entire organization is represented even in the satellite locations (Rugman & Hodgetts, 2003). This system also has the advantage of the eased communication between the managers and the representatives from the head office. It encourages collaboration due to the formation of strong teams. The company using this approach also has the advantage of hiring the managers from the local community hence the reduction of resistance. However, the structure can result in the feelings of imposed authority that is enforced by the representatives from the head office.
Whenever a company is implementing the cross-border alliances, there are challenges more so in the environments of high competition. In the highly competitive environment, the partner in the global partnerships stands the risk of winning over some of the employees of the entering company (Rugman & Hodgetts, 2003). This might lead to failure. Some of the partners may also resort to stealing the secrets of the members of the alliance. In the event, that this is the case, the business stands to lose. In the extreme cases, the partners in the partnership might end up swallowing each other. There is also a risk of the global partnerships turning out to be races between the partners that has the highest propensity to learning (Rugman & Hodgetts, 2003). This case manifests in the sectors that have high competition.
Rugman, A., & Hodgetts, R. (2003). International business. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall/Financial Times.
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The project Tittle is Urban Citizenry and Strengthened Governance Structures for Responsive Service Delivery (Deepening Democracy III). The Project Goal is Urban citizenry actively influence urban governance structures for Inclusive, Accountable, Transparent, and Responsive service delivery.
We seek to promote the welfare and development of the people, encourage and promote conditions conducive to the full development of healthy, productive and responsible members of society.
According to the Political Economy analysis, we would like to promote developmental planning and control, public expenditure tracking as well as community organisation on matters of development in urban cities. Specifically we target to expand the scope of development in urban areas and ensure that urban citizenry have the capacity for collective action efforts and influence the social organisation of urban cities and that city councils effectively execute their activities including those devolved by the central government by having clear and proper structures that are responsive i.e. considerate and accommodative of views of the citizens in making decisions.
Further to this, citizens have to become aware of their rights, responsibilities and governing policies existent that will affect their demanding of services such as roads, water, electricity, sanitation, hospitals, and schools etc. that the councils are to provide to them.
There is strong need for citizens and duty bearers to work together in implementing projects to ensure there is transparency and accountability to ensure information parity, easy tracking of resources and accommodation of decisions at all levels.
City council also have to ensure they report back to citizens in time about their plans and duties so citizens can be kept aware and always participating in the councils activities.
The project will mainly utilize mass media for the presentation of developmental activities in the project impact areas but also tapping into matters of national concern. SWET will also incorporate use of social media to publicize the project activities as and as a platform of engagement with communities and citizens at large. Our TV and radio programmes will bear different formats, incorporation knowledge and learning sharing, debates and discussions.
Duty bearers on the other hand have become more responsive and accountable to the needs of the communities.
On location, SWET will use traditional media such as use of theatre trainings for the community to mobilize themselves for community action towards development. It shall also use musical concerts for mass awareness campaign within the areas. It will also involve in trainings with city councils officials and councilors as well as MPs to clarify on roles, however this is contingent on the outcome of the baseline (as to whether or not citizens or the duty bearers themselves are able to distinguish their roles).