How can machine learning and artificial intelligence be used in development interventions and impact evaluations?
Last Thursday I attended a conference on AI and Development organized by CEGA, DIME, and the World Bank's Big Data groups (website, where they will also add video). This followed a World Bank policy research talk last week by Olivier Dupriez on "Machine Learning and the Future of Poverty Prediction" (video, slides). These events highlighted a lot of fast-emerging work, which I thought, given this blog's focus, I would try to summarize through the lens of thinking about how it might help us in designing development interventions and impact evaluations.
One of the biggest use cases currently seems to be in getting basic measurements in countries where there are lots of gaps in the basic statistics. Joshua Blumenstock referred to this as "band-aid" statistics. A lot of this work is using either satellite data or cellphone record data to try to predict poverty at a granular level for entire countries or continents (e.g. Oliver's talk, Josh's work in Rwanda, Marshall Burke's work in Africa). Other such outcomes being predicted from satellite data include agricultural yields (Marshall Burke's work), urbanization (e.g. Ran Goldblatt's work), conflict-affected infrastructure (e.g. Jonathan Hersh's work).
At the moment such data seems useful for descriptive work, but it is unclear whether accuracy is enough to measure changes well over time – so if you are trying to evaluate the impact of regional or macro policies, there may not be enough signal to be able to detect the impact of interventions, especially over short time horizons. But satellite data are now getting much more accurate, with daily data at relatively high resolution. Christian Clough gave an example of work they are doing in Dar es Salaam, where their challenge has been to detect new buildings going up and changes in building heights to measure where urban growth is taking place. This level of detail could be useful for measuring impacts of transport infrastructure interventions for example.
A second measurement use comes at a more micro level, enabling measurement of outcomes we might otherwise struggle to measure. One example comes from work by Ramya Parthasarathy. They use textual analysis of transcripts of India's village assemblies to identify what topics are discussed, and how the flow of conversation varies with gender and status of the speaker. The vast volume of data would make this very hard to do systematically using traditional measurement methods. They can use this to find, for example, that female citizens are less likely to speak, less likely to drive the topic of conversation, and get fewer responses from state officials – but that when the village has been randomly chosen to have a female president, women citizens are more likely to receive a response than with a male president.
A third use case for measurement comes in helping us decide which outcomes to collect at high frequency. If we want to do quick surveys that can help us track outcomes over high frequency, machine learning can be used to help determine which subset of variables to collect (e.g. Olivier's talk, Erwin Knippenberg's talk).
A second big use being proposed is to use machine learning to help better target interventions. This can include both when to intervene as well as where/for whom. Poverty mapping is one obvious example. Other examples given include using remote sensing to detect where deforestation might be starting to take place, to quickly intervene; using machine learning on VAT tax data in India to better target firms for audits (Aprajit Mahajan); predicting travel demand patterns after hurricanes (Scott Farley) or during big events such as the Olympics (Yanyan Xu) to help figure out where transport interventions are needed; predicting where food insecurity will occur to help target aid interventions (Erwin Knippenberg, Daniela Moody); using mobile call records to identify a pool of small businesses that credit can be extended to (Sean Higgins); and figuring out where there are lots of girls out of school in order for an NGO to figure out which region of India to next expand its program to (Ben Brockman).
Almost all of these are in the proof of concept stage right now, showing that such methods could, in principle, be used for targeting interventions, but few of them are actually being used by governments to currently target programs. One point that came up in the discussion was that, because some of these methods are quite opaque, policymakers may need a lot of convincing to use them, and may be afraid of the media finding cases where machines have targeted quite wrong. We might therefore expect use to take off first among the private sector. Indeed, Dan Björkegren noted that one place where it had taken off was in the use of mobile money loans in Kenya, where mobile phone usage data can be used to predict debt repayment, and over 11 million borrowers have now received loans.
There currently seem to be fewer cases where artificial intelligence and machine learning are being used for the interventions themselves, but the promise lies in using them for individualized and dynamic treatments. Jake Kendall outlined a vision for this, noting that his organization have been giving small grants to develop artificial intelligence chatbots that act as digital guides and advocates to help the poor navigate through bureaucracies. Examples included chatbots that could provide immigration help in the Dominican Republic, and help navigate people in the Philippines through a social welfare program. Another example comes from agriculture, where Ofir Reich explained how they were trying to provide customized agricultural advice to farmers through mobile phones, with rapid testing and feedback being used to provide actionable customized information that farmers could use.
Susan Athey gave an excellent keynote talk that rapidly overviewed how machine learning can be used in economics, and her AEA lectures have more. She noted two different approaches in using machine learning to identify heterogeneity in treatment effects. The first builds on the way we typically do heterogeneity analysis, where we examine heterogeneity by some X variable. The idea here is to use machine learning to figure out what the right groups are for doing so - using causal trees, targeted machine learning, X-learners, or other methods – and then once people are assigned to groups, you can get standard errors on that heterogeneity and it is similar to our standard case. One caveat she noted is in interpreting the groups – e.g. just because the causal tree splits on education and not gender, it does not mean that gender is not important for heterogeneity (the two could be correlated for a start). A second approach is to take a non-parametric approach, and try to get an expected treatment effect for each individual unit. This is what causal forests do. This is a rapidly advancing area, with relatively few practical applications to point to so far. Robert On gave one example – they worked with the One Acre Fund in Rwanda to digitally market lime fertilizer to a massive sample of farmers, and then use this large sample to employ both causal tree and causal forest approaches to examine heterogeneity in treatment impacts.
In her talk, Susan noted that while machine learning won't solve your identification problem, it can at least help you become more systematic about model selection for the predictive part of your model. This is particularly important in non-experimental applications, and she gave references to machine learning tools for work with matching, instrumental variables, and RDD. Cyrus Samii provided one example, for work in Colombia where they wanted to examine different policies the government could use to reduce criminality among ex-combatants. Intuitively, selection on observables seems more plausible when you have lots of observables – but with 114 observables, standard OLS or propensity score matching approaches may not work well. His work used regularized propensity score methods and compared them to these other approaches – yielding estimates of the impacts of employment and socio-emotional support programs.
What is the gold standard? Supervised machine learning requires a labeled training data set and a metric for evaluating performance. This raises several challenges. The first is that the very lack of data that these approaches are trying to solve also makes it hard to train the data in the first place. As a result, researchers have often had to collect a lot of survey data or get people to hand-label images in order to have something to train against. A second challenge is that survey data is not error-free – so if you predict someone to be poor, but the survey says they aren't, it isn't clear which is the error. Sol Hsiang discussed one potential approach to this problem – develop the models in an environment where you have really great data (e.g. the U.S.), and then start degrading the data to see how the model would perform under developing country data conditions – an approach that still needs validating with actual developing country applications.
Beware of the hype/are we learning about enough failures? I discussed my work on trying to predict successful entrepreneurs, for which machine learning did not do very well. But this was the only case of failure I saw out of 25+ presentations – surely the failure rate is much higher than 4%! While many presenters were appropriately cautious, there was also a high ratio of pretty pictures to demonstrated impact. We need to be better about also making clear when these methods do not offer improvements (or when they do worse) than current methods.
Dealing with dynamics: I) a first concern is how stable many of the predicted relationships are. That is, if conduct an expensive training set survey to help me predict the relationship between satellite images and crop yields today, will this same relationship still hold in a year's time, or 5 year's time? II) a second concern is that of behavioral responses - e.g. if people learn their phone calling behavior is being used to determine eligibility for interventions, they may change their behavior. Apparently there is something called "adversarial machine learning" that is a frontier topic to think about designing methods more robust to this.
Ethics/Privacy/Fairness – lots of issues here – is it fair to be denied a program because the people you talk to on your cellphone have really variable calling patterns? What rights do people have to privacy in an environment where satellites are photographing their house every day, phones are tracking their every move and communication, their moods are being analyzed on social media, etc.? And given all these concerns, how much will access to this type of data become the preserve of a very limited subset of researchers?
A fourth challenge: how to make machine learning more user-friendly, and thus used more widely.
One option is to use EvalC3 - a free Excel app (https://evalc3.net/) that can be used for prediction modeling with small data sets, which in my experience of development aid projects are far more common than large data sets. It includes both manual model design and model design using algorithms (decision trees, exhaustive search and genetic algorithm), with mutiple measures of model performance. The workflow also includes case selection tools for within-case inquiry into any causal mechanisms at work. PS: Decision Tree models by definition allow for heterogeneity aka equifinality.
More sophisticated options include BigML and Rapid Miner Studio, both with free usage options.
Thanks for a great overview of this field. I'm actually one of the organizations working on Chatbots and AI in the Philippines, supported by DFS Tech.
Thanks for the mention, and please checkout 4pbot.com for an overview of what we are doing!
I appreciate your work on AI.


Too cheap to hire a graphic designer | aaronkjackson.com - Life is simple and so is web development.
Posted January 13, 2010 by Aaron Jackson & filed under Web Development.
I am donating my time to rebuild wolvesathletics.com in ASP.NET using DotNetNuke. It will be a significant upgrade for Timberline High School's athletics website and offer them better capabilities for editing for coaches and team parents. Since I am donating the time I didn't want to hire a designer, so having no formal design experience I gave it a shot.
I am very interested in getting feedback about the design and what I can do to polish it up. Please leave comments on this with your ideas.
Review the Wolves Athletics design concepts.


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To be as economical as possible while playing this lick use a finger rolling technique to smoothly connect notes located on the same fret but on different strings.


"Bone Broth And Iron "
If you Love Bone Broth And Iron then you are at the right place!!
Bone Broth And Iron is made from pet bones as well as connective cells-- normally cattle, poultry, or fish-- that have been boiled right into a broth and slow-moving simmered for 10 to greater than 20 hours with herbs, veggies, and also seasonings. So why is this apparently easy fluid something you would certainly wish to drink each day Bone Broth And Iron ?
Even our hunter-gatherer ancestors understood that drinking Bone Broth And Iron was like striking nutritional gold, as its earliest variation go back over 2,500 years. Throwing out anything edible ran out the question at that time, so animal unguis, knuckles, bones, and other connective cells never ever went to lose. Bone broth has an abundant background of being made use of in standard Chinese medication as a digestion restorative, blood contractor, and also kidney strengthener as a result of the high collagen web content, bioavailable minerals, anti-inflammatory amino acids, and healing compounds that can only be located in bones and connective cells Bone Broth And Iron.
See as celebrity wellness fitness instructor, Thomas DeLauer breaks down the ins and also outs of what bone broth actually is. In simply two minutes, he'll discuss what bone broth is and what it can do for your gut, joint, and also skin health and wellness Bone Broth And Iron.
Some phone call Bone Broth And Iron meat water. We call it liquid gold.
What makes this things so special? The short answer is collagen. Bones and also connective tissue are the just real dietary resources of kind II collagen-- a protein that's known for keeping skin smooth and also supple and also teeth and joints healthy, in addition to touting dozens of other health advantages.
In addition to collagen, bones are likewise packed with a number of anti-inflammatory amino acids, minerals, as well as substances that can assist speed up your body's natural recovery procedures from points like sporting activities injuries, joint inflammation, or leaky gut.
So, these "scraps" that most of us usually throw in the rubbish are serious dietary giants. But when was the last time you devoured on an item of cow's knuckle? Or snacked on an ox tail? We'll presume the answer is never.
Given that we do not eat bones in their entire type, cooking them right into a broth that's simmered for 10 to 20 hours (or more) is the most effective way to release their effective nutrients, and also experience an entire brand-new degree of health.
REQUIREMENT A FAST EXPLANATION ON WHAT EXACTLY IS BONE BROTH AND IRON ?
View as Celebrity Health Trainer, Thomas DeLauer damages down the ins and also outs of what bone broth truly is. In just two mins, he'll speak about what bone broth is and what it can do for your digestive tract, joint, as well as skin wellness bone broth and iron.
Bone broth has a rich history of being used as a digestion tonic, particularly in traditional Chinese medication some 2,500 years earlier. Today, it's one of the leading suggested foods for improving signs and symptoms of persistent digestion conditions, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Crohn's disease, and also colitis.
The reason for why bone broth is so recovery for the gut goes back to collagen, which creates jelly when it's cooked down also additionally. Collagen as well as gelatin are not just rich in amino acids that minimize swelling in the GI system-- such as glutamine-- they likewise have the special capability to "seal and heal" holes in the digestive tract lining, which can create a condition called leaking digestive tract syndrome.
Although research study remains in the early stages, there's proof to reveal that dripping digestive tract is the main hidden reason for digestive system conditions. It's likewise a factor to autoimmune illness, anxiety, mind haze, anxiety, allergic reactions, dermatitis, acne, as well as persistent reduced energy. Most severe of all, dripping intestine can be silent and reveal no symptoms in the beginning. It's additionally believed to impact over 70% of the population.
Bone broth is suggested on special intestine recovery diets and methods, like the SPACES diet plan, the SCD diet regimen, and the Low FODMAP diet plan.
Whether it's an injury, arthritis, or sore muscles, there's no much better means to nurture your bones and also joints than by eating even more of the nutrients already located within them, consisting of hyaluronic acid, glucosamine, chondroitin, calcium, as well as magnesium. Bone broth is loaded with every one of these nutrients, plus a number of amino acids that help reduce joint discomfort and also swelling, like glycine and proline. It's for these reasons that bone broth is coming to be a best healing drink amongst professional athletes.
An enjoyable truth: Kettle and Fire Bone Broth was born since our co-founder, Nick, tore his ACL playing football and also needed a top notch bone broth to aid accelerate his recuperation time. (You can read more on that particular below.).
Adhering to a bone broth diet is terrific for lasting weight-loss. A bone broth diet regimen includes consuming Paleo for five days as well as not eating for 2. Throughout this time frame you'll consume alcohol bone broth frequently with a rise in usage on the fasting days.
The mix of recurring fasting and also bone broth speeds up weight-loss through burning fat much more effectively as well as limiting calorie consumption. When doing the diet, we likewise discovered a reduction in cellulite.
Fat-Burning Bone Broth Cocktail Bone Broth And Iron.
With just a few components, this dish is perfect for a tasty and also incredibly straightforward fat-burning cocktail that you can whip up quickly on busy early mornings prior to work or at nights post-workout.
Also if you had actually never ever become aware of bone broth before, you've probably become aware of collagen, many thanks to the charm industry.
Numerous anti-aging skincare lines add collagen to their face creams, creams, and also products (and also offer them for a king's ransom). Yet what many individuals don't understand is that collagen molecules are as well big to be absorbed through the skin, which implies these creams can not give much in the method of results.
The bright side is that collagen can be absorbed via your digestion system. And also due to the fact that there's a direct web link in between the intestine as well as the skin, including bone broth to your diet plan is going to have a far more powerful and also long lasting impact on the general look and wellness of your skin.
Let's not ignore hair as well as nails, which are composed of proteins like collagen. Collagen helps strengthen nails, as well as encourages hair to expand in thicker, quicker, as well as take on a healthy and balanced luster. (Remember this for the following time you get a negative haircut!).
Deep, peaceful sleep is something we might all use a little even more of. Actually, stats reveal the typical person gets much less than 7 hours of rest per evening, so it's important to do every little thing you can to make those hrs matter.
Bone broth is abundant in glycine, an anti-inflammatory amino acid that deals with the Central Nerve System (CNS). When taken prior to bed as a supplement, studies show glycine can enhance sleep top quality as well as decrease daytime drowsiness. It's even more efficient when paired with various other sleep-supportive nutrients, like calcium as well as magnesium.
Every one of the advantages you enjoy from bone broth, your growing infant will experience, too-- consisting of healthy bones, joints, and also a solid digestion system.
When early morning sickness hits, it can be difficult to keep nourishing food down. Yet bone broth often tends to be calming for queasiness, and also is typically well endured. Most importantly, bone broth supplies several of the nutrients you as well as your growing infant demand, including healthy protein, as well as important minerals and vitamins. As an added benefit, the sluggish simmer time of the bones makes the nutrients in bone broth very bioavailable and also much easier to absorb than a dietary supplement.
Bone broth can additionally help boost fertility, help you have an extra comfy maternity by nourishing tight or unpleasant joints, and may increase calcium levels in breast milk.
Bone broth is an excellent resource of nutrition on the Paleo diet regimen, and also is motivated to consume alcohol throughout durations of intermittent fasting. It additionally suits well with macronutrient needs on the keto diet, and also might help in reducing symptoms of the keto influenza.
" Not only can bone broth aid you prevent keto flu, however it's additionally loaded with minerals that heal leaky digestive tract and also reduce inflammation in your intestines." - Leanne Vogel, Writer of The Keto Diet plan.
The nutrition and also healing possibility of bone broth is so effective, that an entire diet plan-- The Bone Broth Diet Regimen-- has been produced around it.
The nutrients in bone broth make it an effective functional food that can profit your whole family members-- including your hair children. Bone broth is good for your pet dog's shiny layer, bones, joints, digestion, as well as teeth.
Here you can find out how Nellie, a 15 year old rescue pup, defeat her probabilities of living by just consuming alcohol bone broth.
Packed with protein - Hen is an excellent healthy protein source as well as same goes with chicken bones. Pot & Fire bone broth comes loaded with 10 grams of protein per serving Bone Broth And Iron.
Reduces digestive tract swelling - Bone broth assists recover and secure a dripping gut which is the root cause for several autoimmune conditions.
Rich in bone marrow - Bone broth made from 100% lawn fed cattle and simmered over long chef times essences bone marrow that contains healthy and balanced nourishing hormones and lipids.
Packed with amino acids - Similar to chicken bone broth, the nutrients removed from beef bones include amino acids like glycine and also glutamine that enhances digestion and repairs your digestive tract cellular lining.
No. Plants are a fantastic resource of minerals and vitamins that can assist promote your body to generate its own collagen, but there is no well-known plant food that offers kind II collagen, the form that uses every one of the wellness advantages provided above.
One thing to take into consideration concerning bone broth that sets it apart from plant foods: Also if you do eat a selection of plants that are rich in collagen-boosting nutrients, if you have a damaged digestive system or leaky gut, you may not fully absorb them. On the other hand, the collagen in bone broth is unbelievably very easy to absorb, also for those with compromised digestive system systems.
Obviously, you do not simply need to consume it-- although we do have a totally free and epic downloadable bone broth sipping guide for when you do. You can blend bone broth into your eco-friendly shakes, make healthy and balanced collagen gummy bears, and also use it in everything from clambered eggs, soups, curries, stews, breakfast bowls, and also tacos.
We slow-simmer the natural bones to remove the collagen, proteins, and amino acids into a nutrient-rich bone broth. The outcome is a collagen-rich, high healthy protein bone broth that offers your body the nutrients it needs to grow.
Bone broth is an all-in-one superfood, packed with nutrients that give power as well as motivation, assist you sleep better, make your skin appearance smoother, and also can aid heal digestion concerns like leaky intestine.
Bones and connective cells are warehouses for essential amino acids and also minerals-- which are doing not have in lots of diet regimens today. Bone Broth is additionally an invaluable source of protein, collagen as well as jelly.
It's not feasible to eat entire bones or tissue, however you can still enjoy these health advantages by drinking bone broth. Collagen is removed when you simmer bones for an extended period of time. Usually, the longer bone broth simmers, the even more collagen you'll remove.
Making bone broth is a simple process, yet one that calls for a lot of time as well as patience. If time is out your side we can help you out with that.
Bone broth is made by simmering animal bones as well as tissue for at the very least 10 hrs with veggies, herbs, and also flavors such as thyme, garlic, and also bay leaves. Top notch bone broth starts with high-grade components, using bones from natural grass-fed pets and natural vegetables. While any kind of bone or tendon can be utilized, knuckles, poultry feet, and also thigh bones often tend to contain one of the most collagen.
Simmering bones for a prolonged time period is what offers bone broth its wellness advantages, extracting the amino acids, minerals, and also collagen. This is a Pot & Fire-tested slow-moving stove hen bone broth dish that includes organic hen bones, sea salt, fresh vegetables like celery stalks, onions, as well as bell peppers, and also herbs like parsley, rosemary, and thyme.
Just cooking bones (no meat) as well as water is mosting likely to be mainly tasteless. Food preparation the combination for hrs on end isn't going to make it taste any better.
The idea that you're obtaining tons of nutrients from the bones is a MYTH that won't die, although it has actually been debunked various times, consisting of through laboratory examinations. The idea that including vinegar to "launch" those nutrients has also been unmasked. You just end up with a watery mess that tastes of vinegar.
Instead, acquire bones with meat on them. Then add veggies such as onions, carrots, celery, as well as just sufficient water to cover everything (generally 8 or 10 cups). Miss the vinegar! Simmer for 3 to 4 hrs for chicken, a little much longer for beef. Period according to preference. If you have an Instant Pot, 25 to 35 mins has to do with right.
What you will get with this technique is a very savory broth that's most likely considerably extra nourishing-- consisting of lots of collagen-- as well as more healthy than any bone broth, as well as it will taste one hell of a whole lot better. You can either eat the meat and veggies (it's called SOUP) or you can stress them out and simply consume alcohol the broth if you choose.
See, bare bones that have no meat, or, also worse, carcass bones that have already been cooked and removed of their meat, have just about absolutely no flavor on their own.
Examine Ina Garten's dish for hen broth. It's very comparable to this one as well as has actually been used with mild variants by well-informed cooks for years.
There are 2 major differences in between bone broth and routine broth or stock: simmering time and also the part of the pet it's made from (bones or flesh).
Regular broth and stock are simmered for a much shorter amount of time than bone broth, roughly 2-- 6 hrs. The expedited food preparation procedure reduces the quantity of beneficial gelatin extracted from the bones, decreasing its capacity to increase the body immune system, heal digestive system problems, and minimize the signs of dripping intestine.
Before Kettle and Fire was birthed, one of our co-founders, Nick, tore his ACL playing football (oops). His sibling Justin heard about the advantages of bone broth for injury healing. As his routine really did not leave much time to make bone broth from scratch, he set out to acquire a store-bought, high-grade, grass-fed bone broth, given that both of their busy schedules really did not leave much time to make the broth themselves. (You can learn more concerning our story right here.).
Despite exactly how tough Justin looked, the ideal bone broth didn't exist. He searched for one that was one hundred percent organic, fresh-- never iced up-- grass-fed, as well as sluggish simmered (in addition to one that can be delivered without inefficient, clunky product packaging). So, Nick and also Justin determined to create a high-grade bone broth on their terms, which is the dish we're honored to offer you today.
" Pot & Fire offers a nourishing, high quality bone broth in a scrumptious as well as convenient shelf-stable style. I enjoy constantly understanding that I have actually got excellent broth accessible, without congesting my freezer or needing defrosting." - Dr. Sarah Ballantyne, three-time NYT Best-Selling Writer.
The beautiful thing about bone broth is that there's really no restriction to exactly how you can include it to your diet regimen. Besides soups, stews, as well as simple ol' drinking, bone broth mixes remarkably well into nearly any dish-- even shakes! Below are our leading means to get it:.
Our bone broth preferences scrumptious enough to sip by itself, but you can flavor it up to fit your taste buds. We produced our preferred taste combinations in this totally free downloadable "Bone Broth Sipping Overview" (bone broth matcha cappucinos, anybody?). Get your complimentary copy here.
Consuming alcohol bone broth does not need to be dull-- there are countless methods to seasoning it and also sip it. Obtain immediate accessibility to over 15 of our favored bone broth sipping mixes, including ginger and also turmeric bone broth tonic and chili, as well as cardamom bone broth elixir. Find out how to utilize bone broth in your matcha cappucinos, gold milk, and also tropical fruit smoothie mixes.
Our beef bone broth has a moderate flavor, which permits it to mix easily with almost anything, from shakes to healthy gummy bears. Our poultry bone broth and also mushroom poultry bone broth improve the tasty flavor of soups, stews, and risotto dishes. A few of our faves consist of:.
If you wish to experience even more energy and also vitality than ever, we reccomend having a look at The Bone Broth Diet plan, developed by Dr. Kellyann Petrucci.
The Bone Broth Diet plan not just boosts your consumption of the healing nutrients and compounds vital for intestine, skin, joint, and bone health and wellness, yet assists deal with systemic inflammation, which is at the root cause of a lot of Western ailments and also diseases.
The bone broth diet plan is a 21-day strategy that's perfect for anybody struggling with a chronic wellness problem (such as an autoimmune condition), or any person that wishes to reset their digestive system as well as experience glowing health and wellness. Learn more concerning the 21-day bone broth diet regimen here.


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Hawke's Bay girl now allowed to play for boys' 1st XV in school rugby tournament
A Hawke's Bay schoolgirl will get the chance to play with the boys after the backing of her teammates.
Five principals from schools around Hawke's Bay initially made the decision not to let 11-year-old Briar Hales from Havelock North Intermediate play in the boys' 1st XV team at a school competition - Super Six.
However, in a post on the school's Facebook page, principal Julia Beaumont said that had been overturned.
"The decision has been made that the team will play with Briar and forfeit the points," she said.
That had been met with praise and comments started to flow in.
"Awesome decision. So proud to be part of the HNI community!"
"Fantastic decision!! I love that together with the school, the players and their parents have made a supportive and inclusive decision, taking into consideration how the players feel about their team and all of their teammates !! Ka pai HNI!!"
"The boys didn't hesitate in their support for their teammate. They trialled together, they train together, they play together. Easy decision."
"A girl played for HNI in the boys team in this competition last year, when the girls had a couple of injuries, she jumped between the girls sevens and the 15 a side boys teams. Not sure why there's an issue now?"
Sport Hawke's Bay chair Damon Harvey said it was mixed outcome.
"I mean the disappointing thing for me still though would be that they're not allowed to win any points for the games, but I suppose if they win the games, in their views, they are the winners as well on the day."
Mr Harvey said Sport Hawke's Bay had offered to help look at the rules for future rugby matches.
Briar Hales, 11, has been told she can't play in the boys team by event organisers. Source: Breakfast
RNZ reported yesterday that Briar was told she should play for the girls' team - not the boys'.
Ahead of the inter-school Super Six competition the principals from Hastings, Havelock North, Heretaunga, Napier, Tamatea and Taradale Intermediate School said girls play seven-a-side and boys play 15-a-side due to the inability of some schools to field a full girls' team in the past.
They said they weren't opposed to making changes but it was not fair to make changes when the competition was already underway.
One of Briar's 1st XV coaches, Andy Lovatt, said while it was up to the school, he did not understand why the rules changed for this competition.
Ellery Wilson, a development officer for the Hawke's Bay Rugby Union, said the schools were welcome to make that call.
He said girls and boys played together until they reached high school in New Zealand Rugby-sanctioned competitions.
Because it was a school-run competition, the union had no power to enforce its rules.
Young boys play rugby. Source: istock.com
Search begins for Michael Cheika's successor should Wallabies not win Rugby World Cup
Māori All Blacks name same 23, Fiji make 10 changes for second Test
Four family members in court after police called in to end Māori land dispute

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Q: Button color change on hover CSS The subject exists on Stackoverflow but I don't understand my problem in CSS.
How can I change a button's color on hover?
I have a login button, when I wish to hover the button. One white background should appears.
I get a small background color.

body{

    background-image: url("https://zupimages.net/up/20/20/vreu.jpg");
    height: 550px;
   background-position: center;
   background-repeat: no-repeat;
   background-size: cover;
   position: relative;

}
 .header-btn-register-login{
 margin-top: 220px;
 margin-left: 538px;
 display: flex;
 font-size: 26px;
 text-transform: uppercase;
 text-align: center;

}

.btn-login {
 background:rgba(0,0,0,0);
   border: solid 3px;
 color: #FFF;
 padding: 12px 18px;
}

 .btn-login a {
 color: #FFF;
 text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-login a:hover {
 color: black;
 background-color: #FFF;
}

Login

A: Change so that you hoover the button and not the a tag to change the background. And then you should change the color of the a tag. Example css below.
.btn-login:hover {
    background-color: #FFF;
}

.btn-login:hover a {
     color: black;
}

A: You should use " .btn-login:hover " instead of ".btn-login a:hover" , this is going to work .

A: You need to change the background color of .btn-login not .btn-login a
.btn-login:hover {
   background-color: #FFF;
}

A: You are setting the hover on your a tag, that's why your background-color changes when you hover the a. You can change as following:

body{

    background-image: url("https://zupimages.net/up/20/20/vreu.jpg");
    height: 550px;
   background-position: center;
   background-repeat: no-repeat;
   background-size: cover;
   position: relative;

}
 .header-btn-register-login{
 margin-top: 220px;
 margin-left: 538px;
 display: flex;
 font-size: 26px;
 text-transform: uppercase;
 text-align: center;

}

.btn-login {
 background:rgba(0,0,0,0);
   border: solid 3px;
 color: #FFF;
 padding: 12px 18px;
}

 .btn-login a {
 color: #FFF;
 text-decoration: none;
}

/* Here are the modified css */
.btn-login:hover {
 color: black;
 background-color: #FFF;
}

.btn-login:hover a {
  color: #000;
}

Login

A: You are given the hover effect for a inside the button . Thats why only a is changing the color on hover. Change the line to :
.btn-login:hover {
   background-color: #ffffff;  ( Your desired color )
}

A: The problem here is that you're not using a button but an  element, so when you change the background for the  element only the background of the writing changes. To change the background of the whole 'pseudo' button you need to change the background color of the
 containing the  element while changing also the  element.
Your code modified accordingly to what said above:

body{
    background-image: url("https://zupimages.net/up/20/20/vreu.jpg");
    height: 550px;
 background-position: center;
 background-repeat: no-repeat;
 background-size: cover;
 position: relative;
}

 .header-btn-register-login{
 margin-top: 220px;
 margin-left: 538px;
 display: flex;
 font-size: 26px;
 text-transform: uppercase;
 text-align: center;

}

.btn-login {
 background:rgba(0,0,0,0);
   border: solid 3px;
 color: #FFF;
 padding: 12px 18px;
}

 .btn-login a {
 color: #FFF;
 text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-login:hover{
 color: black;
 background-color: #FFF;
}

.btn-login:hover a{
 color: black;
}

Login

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Matt Poelker, head of JLab's Center for Injectors and Sources, is one of nine winners of a 2011 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award, a national-level award from the Department of Energy that recognizes scientists for their leadership role in research and development in support of DOE and its missions.
A Jefferson Lab scientist has been named recipient of a prestigious national award from the U.S. Department of Energy that recognizes his leadership role in research and development in support of DOE and its missions.
Matt Poelker, a scientist with Jefferson Lab's Accelerator Division and head of the lab's Center for Injectors and Sources, was one of just nine winners of a 2011 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award. Each winner receives a gold medal, a citation and $20,000. They also will be honored at a ceremony in Washington, D.C., early next year.
"These researchers have made significant contributions to the national, economic, and energy security of the United States," Energy Secretary Stephen Chu said in a prepared statement. "I congratulate the winners and thank them for their work on behalf of the department and the nation."
The Lawrence Award was established in 1959 to honor the memory of Dr. Ernest Orlando Lawrence, who invented the cyclotron (a particle accelerator) and after whom two major DOE laboratories in Berkeley and Livermore, Calif., are named.
Poelker received his award in the high-energy and nuclear physics category. He was recognized for leading a transformative effort to achieve production of electron beams possessing remarkable properties, advancing parity-violation and polarization-transfer experiments.
Poelker and his Center for Injectors and Sources group develop and maintain the sources of electron beams for Jefferson Lab's CEBAF accelerator. The group has made great strides in providing record-current, highly polarized electron beams, in which the spins of the electrons are mostly aligned in one direction. Precision control of the electron beam's polarization can yield key information on the quark-gluon structure of nucleons, such as protons and neutrons.
During a reception held at the lab on Nov. 28, Director Hugh Montgomery congratulated Poelker on receiving the award and commended Poelker and his group on their accomplishments. "It is my pleasure to congratulate Matt on behalf of the lab. Matt Poelker won the E.O. Lawrence Award for transformative work at JLab producing what we like to call parity beam, which is enabling some of the most beautiful experiments you have ever seen."
"It is quite an honor and I appreciate the many warm sentiments and congratulatory notes I've received," Poelker said. "It's truly gratifying to learn that people appreciate the work that has gone into making the polarized electron beams at CEBAF."
He praised his mentors and past and present supervisors for the knowledge they've passed on and the support they've given him over the years. He also acknowledged and thanked injector team members past and present and the many colleagues who have been a part of the advancements made by Poelker and the Injectors and Sources group.
"Today's Source group is exceptionally clever and capable… I'm a lucky guy to work at CEBAF and I look forward to many more years of stimulating work. I hope I can live up to the expectations implicit in this award, and that as an institution, we can live up the public's expectation for continued discovery and greater understanding of our physical world."
Poelker, a resident of Yorktown, joined Jefferson Lab in 1994. He received a B.S. in engineering physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and an M.S. and Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Northwestern University.
The Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award was established in 1959 in honor of a scientist who helped elevate American physics to world leadership.
E. O. Lawrence was the inventor of the cyclotron, an accelerator of subatomic particles, and a 1939 Nobel Laureate in physics for that achievement. The Radiation Laboratory he developed at Berkeley during the 1930s ushered in the era of "big science," in which experiments were no longer done by an individual researcher and a few assistants on the table-top of an academic lab but by large, multidisciplinary teams of scientists and engineers using sophisticated equipment and huge scientific machines. During World War II, Lawrence and his accelerators contributed to the Manhattan Project, and he later played a leading role in establishing the U.S. system of national laboratories, two of which (Lawrence Berkeley and Lawrence Livermore) bear his name.
The first Lawrence Awards were given in 1960. The award honors U.S. scientists and engineers, at mid-career, for exceptional contributions in research and development supporting the Department of Energy and its mission to advance the national, economic and energy security of the United States.
It is given in each of the following eight categories: atomic, molecular, and chemical sciences; biological and environmental sciences; computer, information, and knowledge sciences; condensed matter and materials sciences; energy science and innovation; fusion and plasma sciences; high energy and nuclear physics; and national security and nonproliferation. The Lawrence Awards are administered by the Department of Energy's Office of Science.
Detector group members Seungjoon Lee (left to right), Jack McKisson and group leader Drew Weisenberger examined the PhytoPET system they built during a visit to Duke University's Phytotron laboratory on Nov. 17.
Plants face all kinds of stress. Bugs chew on them, they get fungal infections, and they can get too hot or cold. So how do plants respond to stress? Members of Jefferson Lab's Radiation Detector and Imaging group are helping researchers at Duke University find out.
The Duke University Phytotron is a laboratory built to study plants. The Phytotron has so-called Environmental Growth Chambers that allow researchers to control nearly every aspect of a plant's environment, from the nutrients it gets in the soil to the relative humidity and pollutants in the air. Fine-tuning individual aspects of a plant's surroundings can help researchers identify those aspects that can help or harm plants.
While a plant's overall health can often be determined through simple observation, researchers sometimes need to see what's happening on the inside. That's where Detector group leader Drew Weisenberger and his colleagues come in. They are working to develop tools that can image inside plants.
"It's at the point where biologists are kind of learning what we can provide and we're trying to learn what they need. So they have to learn a little physics and we have to learn a little biology. We're just trying to develop the tools and trying to get the tools to work," Weisenberger says.
For instance, a study with the common barley plant addresses how it would respond to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Green plants use CO2 in photosynthesis to create their own food. Researchers want to follow the path of carbon from the CO2 inside plants, from the moment it is breathed in by the plant, through its photosynthesis into sugars, to storage in the plant's roots.
"We're just coming up with tools to help them quantify the physiology of photosynthesis under different conditions and parameters," Weisenberger adds. "They are also interested in studying invasive species and understanding how photosynthesis utilization and carbon dioxide utilization is different in various species,"
For the barley experiment, a special form of CO2 was generated at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory at Duke. The carbon atoms in this CO2 emit positrons, which are the anti-particles of electrons. When a positron encounters an electron in one of the atoms of the plant, the two particles annihilate each other and produce gamma rays. Those gamma rays can be detected by the Detector group's PhytoPET system.
The PhytoPET system functions much like the PET scanners found in hospitals. One key difference is that the parts of the PhytoPET that collect the tell-tale gamma rays can be custom fit to the contours of a small plant. The building-block-inspired system is designed to give accurate information whether the blocks are arranged in a circular, semi-circular, flat or other configuration.
The Duke researchers also want to better understand how plants respond to injury, such as that inflicted by a bug slowly munching on it or by some type of infection. A new study with an oak tree seedling has recently been undertaken to determine whether the plants tap the sugar stored in their roots to combat infection.
"They introduce a fungus into the roots and see if that infected plant tries to deal with its infection. They didn't really have a way to measure that accurately, without destroying the plant," Weisenberger explains.
Weisenberger and his colleagues designed a system that images the thin roots of plants. The new system, called PhytoBeta, is capable of detecting fast-moving positrons directly, allowing it to capture information from thin parts of the plant that may be missed by PhytoPET.
What's more, PhytoPET and PhytoBeta can be used together to image all parts of plants, so biologists get the most information they can out of each experiment.
Weisenberger says there's still much work to be done on the two systems, including making sure they meet the biologists' needs without interfering with experiments, such as making the new detectors highly reflective.
"Inside a growth chamber, everything is aluminized. Biologists don't want you to cut off the light: They don't want to interfere with it. That's why we make our detectors reflective now, and that's kind of different from what we're used to," he notes.
The work is supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. It builds on the group's many other projects, including breast imaging and small animal imaging that go beyond imaging subatomic particles produced in experiments at Jefferson Lab.
The Cryogenics group installed a system, known as a refrigeration recovery heat exchanger, at the End Station Refrigerator. The modification allows the Cryo group to recycle cooling capacity in the ESR to better support the cooling load needed for the most technically demanding experiments run with CEBAF.
Jefferson Lab has a long history of recycling, from used office paper and aluminum cans to the energy of used electrons. Now, the laboratory has added refrigeration to the list.
Jefferson Lab has four cryogenic refrigerators on site. These refrigerators supply liquid helium to various systems to chill equipment to nearly absolute zero. In 2010, the Cryogenics group completed modifications to one of the refrigerators, the End Station Refrigerator, with a new component that allows it to recycle cooling capacity.
"So, process-wise, what we're doing is we're recovering the refrigeration that would otherwise be wasted," explains Pete Knudsen, a member of the Cryogenics group staff and contributor to the project.
The End Station Refrigerator supplies cryogenic helium to the experimental halls to keep superconducting magnets and various cryogenic targets cold. The modification allows the End Station Refrigerator to support the load for the most technically demanding experiment the laboratory has ever performed, Q-weak.
The Q-weak experiment's goal is to very precisely measure the proton's so-called weak charge, a term that quantifies the influence that the weak force can exert on protons. To that end, Q-weak uses a high-power cryogenic hydrogen target to probe the lone proton in the hydrogen atom's nucleus.
Without this modification, the End Station Refrigerator, or ESR, would not be capable of providing enough cooling capacity to run Q-weak in Hall C.
"This modification, known as the refrigeration recovery heat exchanger, was envisioned by Rao Ganni and proposed to the Q-weak collaboration and to the Experimental Nuclear Physics Division in 2004," Knudsen explains. Rao Ganni is the Cryogenics group deputy and a principal staff engineer at Jefferson Lab.
Prior to the refrigeration recovery heat exchanger, some modifications to the End Station Refrigerator were made to support the 2003 HAPPEx experiment in Hall A, which was the first target that required more cooling capacity than the ESR itself was capable of providing.
Since HAPPEx was scheduled to run for just 10 days, the modifications were to require a minimum capital investment, as requested by Jefferson Lab's Experimental Nuclear Physics Division.
"What can we do for high demand for a short duration and low cost? At the time, we installed an inexpensive way to handle that," says Ganni.
But the newfound capability was soon exploited beyond its original goal: it was routinely used to support many other high-load cryogenic targets in the experimental halls for very long durations.
"This HAPPEx modification was wasteful of the helium refrigeration, as evident from the large ice-ball typically encompassing the outdoor evaporator," says Knudsen.
Notwithstanding the inefficient use of the End Station Refrigerator's capacity for high target loads using the modifications installed for HAPPEx, the Q-weak experiment required more cooling capacity than the ESR could support, even with extra capacity provided by the Central Helium Liquefier through a 340-meter, interconnecting cryogenic transfer line.
At the time when the modifications for the refrigeration recovery heat exchanger were proposed, linear accelerator or linac operations had been optimized for providing the lowest radiofrequency system trip rate vs. energy for the accelerator, rather than an optimization that would lower the cryogenic load. If linac operations were re-optimized to balance the optimum accelerator energy, radiofrequency trip rate and cryogenic load, the load on the Central Helium Liquefier could be lowered, freeing up some capacity for use in the experimental halls.
While the Accelerator Division and Cryogenics group tackled the accelerator optimization problem, the Cryogenics group also proceeded with plans for installing the refrigeration recovery heat exchanger, so that the lab could run Q-weak and also more efficiently supply other comparable high-load cryogenic targets in the future.
In late 2006, partial funding was allotted to purchase the device. Knudsen then began a detailed process study. At the beginning of 2009, Errol Yuksek, another staff member of the Cryogenics group, began the mechanical design. By early 2010, the refrigeration recovery heat exchanger had been successfully tested and commissioned.
"The actual performance tests very closely matched the capacity predictions and the anticipated component limits," Knudsen says. "The refrigeration recovery heat exchanger has been successfully supporting Q-weak since it began in 2010 and serves as a good example of inter-division cooperation for long-term experiment planning."
According to the Cryogenics group, progress made in resolving the accelerator inefficiencies that affect the use of cooling capacity supplied to the CEBAF accelerator not only freed up enough capacity for the refrigerators to support Q-weak, but also compensated for unanticipated additional load associated with the Q-weak experimental hall cryogenic distribution system and the ability to provide cooling to cryogenic targets running simultaneously in the other two experimental halls, Halls A and B.
The refrigeration recovery heat exchanger is just one example of the Cryogenics group's long-term commitment to proposing and implementing solutions for improving the efficiency of the cryogenic support systems whenever possible.
"We want to minimize our utilities, without causing any harm to the support of the cryo loads. And we do it constantly," says Ganni.
Hermann Grunder (center), Jefferson Lab's founding director, talks with current Lab Director Hugh Montgomery and previous Director Christoph Leemann during the reception.
When Hermann Grunder was asked by the Southeastern Universities Research Association to leave Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and become the director of a fledgling lab in Newport News, in 1985, it was a risk. But risk was something familiar to Hermann. At a lab-hosted event on Oct. 25 to mark Hermann's upcoming 80th birthday, many of those who have worked with him over the years spoke to his can-do spirit, enthusiasm and tireless dedication to building the lab and ensuring its long-term future.
From the outset, Hermann wanted to shape a lab that would play a leadership role in nuclear physics. For that reason, he assembled a core team of experts and immediately began assessing the large scale application of a new technology – superconducting radiofrequency – instead of using conventional room temperature accelerator technology. There was risk but the superconducting technology would provide the upgrade potential that he envisioned for the facility.
"DOE had a choice between an old technology that had reached its limits, or a promising new technology where we could push the limits," Hermann has said. DOE saw it his way.
With DOE's approval for the change secured, Hermann assembled the remaining elements of the team needed to make the lab a reality. He brought together a team with outstanding technical and managerial capabilities to deliver on his promise to DOE, SURA and the nuclear physics community.
Hermann Grunder (right) greets former Newport New Mayor Joe Frank. Each man had high remarks for the other's passion, drive and years of public service.
It was a tough, but exciting time as former Associate Director for Nuclear Physics Larry Cardman recalled in a letter to Hermann: "I saw first-hand the phase transition that took place in the SURA effort in 1985 when you agreed to assume the directorship. That event marks the real beginning of the process of turning the community's dream into the wonderful laboratory we have today in Newport News.
"You built a world-class team, and had the intelligence to convert a 20-year-old linac/stretcher ring design into the cutting-edge superconducting recyclotron we have today, to convince the government that it should be built, and then to shepherd it through the DOE construction process."
The quality of the experimental program was only one hallmark of Hermann's commitment to excellence.
Insistent that the lab contribute not only to science but to technology and innovation, he established the Industrial Advisory Board to help identify technologies of interest to industry. From this, the Free-Electron Laser was born. Working with the DOE Office of Science and the Commonwealth of Virginia to pull together a delicately negotiated partnership, Hermann secured the funding and support necessary to make the FEL a reality.
He also worked to establish the Science Education program Becoming Enthusiastic About Math and Science, or BEAMS. This program has become a model for reaching out to children during the formative middle school years, particularly those in disadvantaged neighborhood schools. He often did BEAMS visits with young people, where they asked him everything from how much he made to what kind of car he drove.
"My favorite was the young man who tried to set me up with his grandmother!" Hermann laughed as he recounted the story.
Hermann Grunder (left) is assisted with opening gifts by Elizabeth Lawson, Southeastern Universities Research Association, who was among the group of earliest employees hired at the lab.
From technician to senator, the one thing that most people remember about Hermann is his enthusiasm. Former Sen. John Warner often told people "I am really not sure I understand half of what Hermann is telling me, but he is so enthusiastic, I just know I want to be part of it!"
That enthusiasm was infectious, as noted by almost every speaker at the Oct. 25 lab event.
And as Hermann said in an all-staff State of the Lab Address, he wanted everyone at the lab to feel engaged and part of its success. "It might be a bit much to expect that you would be excited every day to come to work, but I would hope that at least 90 percent of the time you would be energized to come to work here," he said.
He saw the lab community as family. Whether he ran into a technician on the accelerator site or a user in the cafeteria his reaction was the same – a warm handshake and a pat on the back, or more likely a hug, asking questions about the wife (husband, kids, grandkids). He participated in golf cart parades, Halloween costume contests, run-a-rounds, even dressing up as the Easter Bunny in the early days to the delight of staff's children and the amusement of everyone else.
Hermann's planning skills prepared him to be ready to quickly capitalize on the next opportunity, the latest trend, a possible new direction.
When the DOE asked the lab about a possible upgrade to CEBAF and what it would cost, Hermann, cloistered with his Director's Council, analyzed the scientific priorities in the Office of Science and the funding situation at the time. He asked his Chief Scientist, Nathan Isgur, what energy was needed to reach the science of confinement, and with the answer in hand, Hermann and the Director's Council put forth the proposal to upgrade CEBAF.
Moving forward quickly with a meaningful science program for a 12 GeV Upgrade and a relatively economical plan for reaching higher energy, allowed the future of Jefferson lab to be secured. Cardman's words to Hermann sum it up, "Essentially you made Jefferson Lab what it is today, one of the premier laboratories in the world engaged in fundamental research into the nature of matter, and the course you charted lead directly to the 12 GeV Upgrade, now in progress, that will extend its scientific excellence into the 2020's. It is an incredible achievement."
Editor's note: JLab computer account holders may access a photo album of the event through the lab's intranet Insight page.
This brass box was used to assemble nine detectors for the calorimeter of the Compton transmission polarimeter to be used in the PEPPo experiment. Shown in the foreground is one of the detectors, a photomultiplier tube used to collect light from the cesium-iodide crystals that detect gamma rays generated from the electron or positron beam. Three more detectors are mounted in the box.
Erica Fanchini is an expert on pepperoni pizza and PEPPo. She shared her knowledge of both in a Pizza Seminar presentation at Jefferson Lab in August. So, what do the two have in common? Both require a precise recipe for the desired results.
Fanchini, a postdoctoral researcher with the Joseph Fourier University and Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie in France, explained that PEPPo is the Polarized Electrons for Polarized Positrons experiment.
Positrons are just like electrons, except that where the electron has a negative charge, the positron has a positive one. Physicists refer to the positron (e+), as the anti-particle of the electron (e-). Positrons (and electrons) gathered together into a bunch can be polarized, or made to spin in the same direction.
"PEPPo is an experiment to test the feasibility to produce [sic] highly spin-polarized positrons from a polarized electron beam," she said. "The aim of the experiment is to measure the polarization as a function of the positron energy."
Fanchini explained that before PEPPo, there were three methods that experimenters considered for producing a beam of polarized positrons for research. One method employs the magnetic field present in high-energy storage ring accelerators, while the other two bombard a fixed target with circularly polarized laser light.
"But we have a new approach. In this case, we want to provide positrons in a different way," Fanchini said.
The new method hinges on the CEBAF accelerator's ability to make a highly polarized, high-power beam of electrons. The electron beam will be sent into a target made of tungsten. The electrons are slowed as they travel through the tungsten, causing them to emit photons of light known as bremsstrahlung.
"Bremsstrahlung is electromagnetic radiation produced by charged particles during deceleration or deflection," Fanchini explained. "The deceleration or deflection is due to the particles passing near the strong electric fields of atomic nuclei."
Some of the bremsstrahlung photons almost immediately interact with the atoms in the tungsten, where their energy is converted into pairs of electrons and positrons.
"This is the first attempt to transfer polarization from an intense polarized electron beam to a positron beam in a single target," Fanchini noted.
A magnet will sweep away the electrons, while guiding the positrons into the next portion of the spectrometer, or detector system. A removable target will provide electrons for the positrons to interact with. When a positron meets an electron, the two particles annihilate, producing a tell-tale pair of photons that move in opposite directions.
"The coincident detection of the 511 KeV photons will be one of the first signals that positrons are transported through the spectrometer," Fanchini said.
Additional detector system elements will allow the team to further characterize the beam of positrons produced in the experiment, including the shape of the positron beam, the positron beam size and the number of positrons produced.
It's expected that the positrons will exhibit roughly the same percentage of polarization as the original electron beam, about 85 percent. The researchers expect to detect about one positron for every one million electrons that enter their equipment, and most of the positrons are anticipated to have one-quarter the original electron energy.
This experiment mixes a bit of the old with the new, as it builds on and partially borrows from previous experiments. Information about positron production, as well as some equipment, comes from the E166 experiment carried out at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Other detector components were originally used in the two-photon exchange experiment carried out in Jefferson Lab's Hall B. The entire experimental array is housed in the injector region of the CEBAF accelerator.
Fanchini and her colleagues hope the information they gain from PEPPo will prove the feasibility of using a polarized electron beam to produce a polarized positron beam. If it works, it's the first step toward exploring the possibility of producing polarized beams of positrons for research with CEBAF.
"For instance, a positron beam could be used to help us better our understanding of the relationship between quarks in the nucleon," Fanchini explained.
Jefferson Lab's Program Advisory Committee approved the requested 14 days of beam from the CEBAF accelerator for the experiment to run.
Co-spokespersons for the APEX experiment gathered for this photo after completing their test run on July 12, 2010. Pictured, left to right, are Philip Schuster, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; Natalia Toro, Perimeter Institute, and Rouven Essig, SLAC. JLab co-spokesperson for the collaboration (not pictured) is experimentalist and Hall A Staff Scientist Bogdan Wojtsekhowski.
Forces make and shape our universe, and for the past few decades humanity has been aware of and attempted to explain our universe through four forces. Work by Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton in the 16th and 17th centuries led to our understanding of gravity. James Maxwell's treatise in 1873 set the world on end explaining that electricity and magnetism were one force instead of two as was thought at the time. In the 20th century, scientists uncovered the weak force, which is responsible for the radioactive decay of subatomic particles, and the strong force which binds together quarks in protons and neutrons.
Now a group of scientists affiliated with Jefferson Lab is hunting for previously undiscovered forces, and their tool of choice is the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility, or CEBAF.
The collaboration of 60-plus researchers is planning an experiment using CEBAF that will search a specific energy and mass regime for signs of a force not previously identified. The force may not have been identified because it interacts with a different kind of matter – dark matter.
SRF Institute Scientist Pashupati Dhakal stands in front of the induction furnace used for heat treatment of niobium, superconducting radiofrequency cavities.
There were fewer than 1,000 people in the tiny Nepalese village of Tanahun district when Jefferson Lab SRF Scientist Pashupati Dhakal grew up there. He was the son of the village's school principal. And at that time, the local school only went through middle school. Had he stayed there, it would have been a two-hour trek by foot to the nearest high school. Instead, he moved in with his grandfather in Pokhara, a popular tourist destination in Nepal.
"This," he said with a sweep of his hand toward a stunning computer screen shot of the Himalayas, "is the view I woke up to every morning."
Impressive, indeed. Almost as impressive as Dhakal's abilities in math, which came to him early and were nurtured throughout his education. His first physics teacher at Tribhuvan University, where he did his undergraduate work, was, in Dhakal's words, "brilliant" and lured him into the field.
"Studying with him made up my mind," he recalled. "That's when I said 'I want to be a physicist.'"
He stayed on at Tribhuvan University for his master's degree, which he received in 2002, after presenting his dissertation titled, "Thickness Dependence of Chemical Potential in Degenerate Semiconductor." When he graduated, he had the highest score in the department and received a gold medal from Gyanendra Bir Bikran Shah Dev, the king of Nepal.
Dhakal was offered a two-year teaching position for undergraduates and some graduate students while a professor went on sabbatical at the same department where he had completed his master's degree. "I learned even more by actually teaching physics," he noted.
As that job was ending, he applied to 10 schools in the United States and had five offers. He chose Boston College, not only for its physics department, but because he wanted a cosmopolitan atmosphere, and he had a friend from Tribhuvan University that had preceded him there. "I'd seen enough mountains," Dhakal said with a laugh. "I was ready for a city."
The flight from Nepal to the U.S. took 36 hours and brought him, literally, to the other side of the world. From what he knew about the U.S., he thought he'd be eating sandwiches all the time. Discovering Boston's ethnic groceries and restaurants was a relief. In fact, his friend's wife cooked him a traditional Nepalese meal on his first day.
In graduate school, he was interested in condensed matter physics studying the very exotic properties of materials in ultra-cold temperatures and very high magnetic fields. Working with his Ph.D. supervisor, Michael Naughton, he became skilled in several experimental techniques as well as the theoretical knowledge on condensed matter physics. Dhakal finished his Ph.D. in August 2010 after presenting his dissertation, "Angular Magnetoresistance Oscillations in the Molecular Organic Conductor (DMET)2I3: Experiment and Calculation."
In between there had been important business at home to tend to. In 2006, he returned to Nepal to meet, Sangita, the woman who would become his wife. In his culture, he explained, it is not a singular man and woman who are marrying, but the extended families. Sangita's brother-in-law and Dhakal's uncle were friends and thought they would make a perfect couple. In keeping with his home country's tradition, the couple met once and talked about their educations and plans for the future.
"In western culture, you think love must come first, but we marry and let the love grow," he said fondly. When Dhakal joined Jefferson Lab's SRF Institute in the fall of 2010, Sangita stayed behind in Boston to finish her own education and received her nursing degree in December, after which she joined him here. Their daughter, Swarupa, is a few months old now.
"She's one of the nicest babies," he crooned with a new father's smile, "and she's a good sleeper."
Dhakal is teamed with scientists Gianluigi Ciovati and Ganapati Myneni – researching the superconducting properties of niobium, which he described as being "the heart and soul" of SRF, or superconducting radiofrequency technology. He is studying how it changes with heat and surface treatment procedures which are used during the fabrication of SRF cavities. The second part of his work involves researching ways to improve the quality factor of SRF cavities (Q0), which is limited by the so called residual loss. This means finding ways to reduce, eliminate or manage impurities and contaminates while fabricating and processing SRF cavities.
"A new kind of clean, ultra-high vacuum induction furnace has been recently acquired to avoid contamination on niobium cavities during the heating process," he explained of a portion of the process necessary to prepare the cavities. "We have preliminary results, which look very good. They are showing signs of improvement."
When evenings and weekends roll around, Dhakal enjoys following sports on TV. "I watch anything," he said with a laugh. Learning the American games was tricky; it took him a while to figure out that U.S. football players touch the ball with their hands instead of just their feet.
His parents have been visiting, to help out with the new baby and Dhakal had the opportunity to take them to New York City. "I took them to the 86th floor of the Empire State Building and said to them, 'This is the real America.'"
Jefferson Sciences Associates announced on Dec. 1 awards totaling $450,000 from the fiscal year 2012 JSA Initiatives Fund to support more than two dozen science projects tied to Jefferson Lab.
JSA owners – the Southeastern Universities Research Association, or SURA, and CSC/ATG – established the Initiatives Fund to support programs, initiatives and activities that further the scientific outreach, and promote the science, education and technology missions of Jefferson Lab in ways that complement the lab's basic and applied research focus, according to the JSA news release announcing the awards. Twenty-six new projects received more than $324,000 in awards.
Since mid-2006, JSA has made over 125 awards totaling $2.5 million. The program is managed and administered by SURA for the JSA Programs Committee. A complete listing of the FY2012 awards can be found at: www.jsallc.org/IF/IFProjects.html .
The 2012 evaluation committee, chaired by JSA Programs Committee Chair June Matthews of MIT, included Elizabeth Beise, University of Maryland; Edward Brash, Christopher Newport University; Robert McKeown, Jefferson Lab; Zein-Eddine Meziani, Temple University; Zisis Papandreou, University of Regina; Daniel Sober, The Catholic University of America; and Elizabeth Lawson, SURA/JSA.
JSA President and Jefferson Lab Director, Hugh Montgomery, said, "These diverse projects and initiatives, many of which leverage the commitments of others, add value to the lab's programs and help to cultivate the support of the science and user communities."
JSA Programs Committee Chair June Matthews commended JSA owners for their continued monetary support for the Initiatives Fund Program and noted, "In addition to seed funding projects, the Initiatives Fund Program has proven to be a valuable resource for important on-going initiatives such as the K-12 education program and graduate fellowships."
In accepting the recommendations of the evaluation committee, JSA co-owner, SURA President and CEO, Jerry Draayer, noted, "Our CSC co-owners and I believe that our investment in the Initiatives Fund Program has been beneficial in providing the means that enable the lab and its users to engage in educational, scientific, technical, and outreach activities that may otherwise not have been accomplished."
"The holidays will be here in the blink of an eye. Plan on being part of the fun and festivities being planned for Jefferson Lab staff, users, family members and subcontractors," urges Jefferson Activities Group Chair Bridget Paul. "Mark your calendars. Look for the fliers in your work areas, visit the JAG webpage or contact a JAG committee member for more information. Please bring in a Toys For Tots donation or support a charity of your choice to help those in our community who are having a difficult time. The JAG committee wishes everyone at the lab a happy and safe holiday season."
The Jefferson Activities Group is hosting a Children's Holiday Party on Saturday, Dec. 10 from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. in the CEBAF Center lobby. All children of Jefferson Lab employees, contractors and users are invited.
Santa Claus plans to drop by, and will be available to talk with and be photographed with the children.
A visit is also planned by JAG Dog Training Club member, Dan Young, Physics Division, and his two Samoyeds, Nikko and Tally (aka Santa's snow dogs).
Youngsters may take part in games and craft activities. Light snacks and drinks will be provided. All children must be accompanied by an adult. Each family is asked to bring a new, unwrapped toy donation for Toys For Tots.
As in years' past, JLab is participating in the U.S. Marine Corps' annual Toys For Tots toy drive. Bring in your donation of new, unwrapped toys for children ages 1-12 and deposit them in the collection boxes. Local Marines will pick up the toys and distribute them to children in need.
The deadline for bringing in donations is noon Saturday, Dec. 10. A Toys For Tots representative will pick up the donations Saturday afternoon. Marked drop boxes are located near the main entrances of CEBAF Center, VARC, ARC, Test Lab and the MCC. For information about the Toys for Tots program, visit: www.toysfortots.org.
JAG is also sponsoring a Holiday Office Door/Cubicle Decorating Contest. Prizes will be awarded for the Best Decorated, Most Original, and the Silliest. All employees, users and contractors with an office or cubicle at JLab may enter the contest (individuals and groups). To enter, you must email JAG Chair Bridget Paul at bpaul@jlab.org by 5 p.m. Dec. 12. Include your name(s), building number and office/cube location. Judging will take place Dec. 15 and 16. Winning entries will be announced Monday, Dec. 19.
Decorations may go up as early as Dec. 1 and should be taken down by Jan. 3, 2012. Decorating materials should be fire resistant and only UL-approved lighting/electronics may be used. Don't use opened food items in your decorations. For instance, wrapped candy canes are ok; unwrapped cookies are not.
These Milestone entries, listed alphabetically, are full-time, term, casual and student actions posted by Human Resources for October 2011.
Annie Laurie Coleman Soltys, 78, of Richmond and formally of Newport News, died on Nov. 13. After retiring with 25 years of service from NASA at Langley Field, Soltys was employed in the late 1980s at Jefferson Lab. She worked at the lab for nearly a decade and provided administrative support for the Accelerator Division's associate director.
She was preceded in death by her husband, Commander Leo S. Soltys Jr. USN (Ret.). Survivors include two sisters, Virginia C. Abbott of Richmond and Ethel C. Gregg of West Palm Beach, Fla.; and numerous nieces, nephews and great-nieces and nephews.
Chef Edward "Ed" Bittenbender, 65, of Coats, N.C., died Dec. 4, at Betsy Johnson Regional Hospital in Dunn. Funeral services will be Dec. 7 at the Rose & Graham Funeral Home Chapel in Coats. Burial will follow in Coats City Cemetery.
Chef Ed was employed by Eurest and worked for years as head chef at Quark Cafe before retiring and moving to North Carolina.
He was born Aug. 31, 1946, in Pennsylvania to the late Margaret Lynn Price Bittenbender. He was a retired executive chef, and was a U.S. Army veteran of Vietnam. He was a member of Pleasant Memory Baptist Church and was in the Church Choir.
Surviving include his wife, Nell Hawley Bittenbender; children and their spouses, Mat Bittenbender of Roanoke, Va., Eric Bittenbender of Chester, Va., Andrew and Hilary Bittenbender of Coats, James Bittenbender of Chester, Va, Colby and Stephanie Flowers of Coats, and Sara Roberts of Rose Hill; brother, Nat Bittenbender of Petersburg, Va.; and seven grandchildren.
Mechanical Technician Mark Bear examines a module that will become part of a new particle detector system being built for Jefferson Lab's new experiment area, Hall D. Hall D is part of the 12 GeV Upgrade.
The tightly sandwiched module Bear is inspecting is composed of 180 layers of corrugated lead sheets and about 16,000 four-meter long scintillating fibers bonded to the lead grooves.
The module is one part of a detector system called a Barrel Calorimeter – so named because of the final shape the detector system will take on after all 48 modules are put together for a total of over three-quarters of a million fibers. The individual modules were assembled at the University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, one of the 20 institutions involved in the research program that will take place in Hall D.
The Barrel Calorimeter will be situated inside a solenoid magnet and will serve dual purposes. As an electro-magnetic calorimeter it will detect photons by creating EM showers and absorbing all of the energy. It will also be used to detect charged particles such as protons and pions. It will help with identifying these charged particles by measuring their time-of-flight.
Simply put, a particle passing through the scintillating fibers will create a brief burst of light which will travel down the fibers toward Silicon Photo-Multipliers, which will intensify the signal. The SiPMs are solid-state devices that, unlike traditional photo-multiplier tubes, are very insensitive to magnetic fields. This will be useful because the detector system will be subjected to fairly high fields because of its positioning inside the solenoid magnet. There will be 1920 SiPMs on each end of this detector system, for a total of 3840 SiPMs.
Bear is helping to install equipment for the GlueX, or gluonic excitations, experiments to be carried out in Hall D.


Gorgeous remodel with all new flooring thru out showcasing tile in the main areas of an open floorplan and new Frieze carpet in the bedrooms. This home features all the bells & whistles of a new home but priced much less! Kitchen is stunning with new Quartz countertops, all new stainless appliances including gas range with built in griddle (electric outlet available) . Master features a walk in closet, en suite with new cabinetry, more sparkly quartz counters, dual vanity, soaking tub and separate shower. Separate laundry room with an included washer & dryer. This floorplan is very open and lends itself to so many options of formal dining, workspace, or great room. Excellent location on a huge cul de sac lot in the 55+ community of Ventana Lakes.


or 10, or 50...etc. In the warm 1930's and 1940's Mobile might have had average first frosts a bit later. It's always changing, and always will.
Remember, the hallmark of middle latitude climates is that (often) no two seasons are exactly alike. The Tropics and the Poles are the places of seasonal temp stability.


text:
Endhiran was awesome!!
Surya's honest interview on NDTV-Hands Up
Randhiv's no-ball incident was blown out of proportion
Posted by: girisopinion on: August 19, 2010
In: Cricket | Cricket and Sports | General | General Lunch Time talk | ODI | Real Life | Sports | Test | test cricket | Test match | Twenty20
By now everyone knows the Randhiv no-ball incident, so I will directly cut down to the chase. Yes Randhiv bowled a no-ball and Sehwag was denied a hundred, so what? It has been happening for ages in cricket. I agree that the spirit of the game was breached but this is not an isolated incident. Even though the deliberate over stepping by Randhiv looks bad, the banning of him for a game is even worse.
If this is taken as a precedent then no international cricketer would be able to play two games in a row. Randhiv did not break any laws and spirit of cricket has always been a grey area in cricket. So what would you call a fielder kicking the ball over the boundary to keep a tail ender on strike? Isn't that against the spirit of the game? Bowler appealing, perfectly knowing that the batsman is not out and Batsman standing his ground knowing that he has nicked the ball etc are examples where the spirit of the game is brought to disrepute. Players play the game hard and there are lots of scenarios where we can argue that the spirit of the game has been compromised. We can't be banning people for such things.
It was absolutely ridiculous to ban the player for this; a simple warning would have sufficed. Randhiv apologized to Sehwag after the game and that should have been enough. Now by over-reacting on this one, the Sri Lankan board has set themselves a precedent which will be hard to follow. ICC has some rules defined and if any player breaches that code of conduct then it is a different scenario but this incident isn't one of them.
Randhiv has been harshly dealt with and there was no necessity for him to have been imposed with such a punishment. Sehwag himself should not have tweeted that Randhiv apologized to him when SLC had told that they were going to probe the incident. Sangakkara was right on that count when he said that you cannot expect just one side making advances. Sehwag sensationalizing the issue was not the right thing to do. Overall the handling of the scenario was messy which should not have been an issue at all. Indian media is always happy when such things happen and their over the top reaction to any on field incident is a known fact. Bishen Singh Bedi never loses a chance to undermine modern cricketers. I know that he was a great bowler once but sometime he comes across as a very bitter person to me.
I hope that poor Randhiv is able to put this behind him and concentrates on his bowling. He is a wonderful young cricketer and has a bright future for Sri Lanka. I hope that he has learnt his lesson after this incident.
Tags: Batting, Bishen Singh Bedi, Bowling, Cricket, India, ODI, Players, Sangakkara, Sehwag, Sri Lankan Board, Suraj Randhiv
3 Responses to "Randhiv's no-ball incident was blown out of proportion"
1 | Tweets that mention Randhiv's no-ball incident was blown out of proportion « My Thoughts -- Topsy.com
[…] This post was mentioned on Twitter by Giri Subramanian, Giri Subramanian. Giri Subramanian said: Randhiv's no-ball incident was blown out of proportion: By now everyone knows the Randhiv no-ball incident, so I w… http://bit.ly/9zS3KU […]
2 | pell grants


text:
NMC launches new support service in response to lessons learned review
A new public support service from the nursing and midwifery regulator has been launched offering dedicated, personalised support to members of the public who raise concerns about nurses and midwives.
Following the Professional Standards Authority's (PSA) Lessons Learned Review into failings in care at Morecambe Bay, the NMC recognised that it had got it wrong in the way it treated people raising concerns. The introduction of the new public support service is one of the ways people will get the support they need and deserve.
Anyone making a complaint about a nurse and midwife will now receive one to one support from the beginning, with a dedicated, named contact available to them throughout the processes. An anonymous emotional support line will also be made available for all those who need it.
To continually improve the way it treats those raising concerns the regulator has established an independent group of patients and family members to challenge its thinking. A network of 60 NMC employees has also been set up to spearhead projects that will improve the way employees across the whole organisation communicate with people.
Head of Public Support Service Jessie Cunnett, said:
"Making a complaint about a nurse or midwife can be a distressing and uncertain time and we know we haven't always got things right. But we're absolutely committed to listening to people's concerns and giving them a voice when things go wrong with their care, treating them with the respect, compassion and humanity they deserve.
"But the support service is about much more than improving how we write a letter or answer a phone call. It's about our employees establishing a relationship with those receiving care and their loved ones so that we're able to better meet their needs and support better, safer care."
Sarah Seddon, the first person to contact the service directly said:
"During my first five months of contact with the NMC I felt let down, alone and confused – my complaint felt like just another in a long line, being handed from one person to another. During that time no one ever said they were sorry to hear about what had happened to me.
"Trying to get someone to hear me was exhausting – I wasn't writing emails for the fun of it.
"Since being in contact with the support service my opinions of the NMC have been completely reversed. I finally saw compassion, quick responses and I was spoken to as an equal. I believe that the NMC should be very proud of the way that their public support service is developing. It is not a 'nice to have' service – it is absolutely essential. It really did make an enormous difference to me."
1. For media enquiries, please contact NMC press office on 020 7681 5409 or email media@nmc-uk.org.
2. We're the independent regulator for nurses, midwives and nursing associates. We hold a register of all the 690,000 nurses, midwives and nursing associates who can practise in the UK. Better and safer care for people is at the heart of what we do, supporting the healthcare professionals on our register to deliver the highest standards of care. We make sure nurses, midwives and nursing associate have the skills they need to care for people safely, with integrity, expertise, respect and compassion, from the moment they step into their first job.
3. Learning does not stop the day nurses, midwives and nursing associates qualify. To promote safety and public trust, we require professionals to demonstrate throughout their career that they are committed to learning and developing to keep their skills up to date and improve as practitioners. We want to encourage openness and learning among healthcare professions to improve care and keep the public safe. On the occasions when something goes wrong and people are at risk, we can step in to investigate and take action, giving patients and families a voice as we do so.


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Q: cordova platform with SDK API-19 "add android" fails I am trying to create my first android project using cordova on my Windows 7 machine. I have installed latest Android SDK (API-19 installed) and cordova. I have set path for ANDROID_PATH, ANDROID_PLATFORM_TOOLS, ANDROID_TOOLS and ANT_HOME.
Using directions from http://cordova.apache.org/docs/en/3.6.0//guide_cli_index.md.html#The%20Command-Line%20Interface I have created the "hello" project but as I try to add android platform using:
cordova platform add android

from my command prompt android emulator opens up showing android home screen, so I can navigate through the OS but soon as close it I get the output:
C:\devCenter\private\hello>cordova platform add android
Creating android project...

C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\node_modules\q\q.js:126
                throw e;
                      ^
Error: Please install Android target "android-19".
Hint: Run "android" from your command-line to open the SDK manager.
at C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\lib\check_reqs.js:173:19
at _fulfilled (C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\node_modules\q\q.js:798:54)
at self.promiseDispatch.done (C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\node_modules\q\q.js:827:30)
at Promise.promise.promiseDispatch (C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\node_modules\q\q.js:7
at C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\node_modules\q\q.js:574:44
at flush (C:\Users\think ahead\.cordova\lib\npm_cache\cordova-android\3.6.3\package\bin\node_modules\q\q.js:108:17)
at process._tickCallback (node.js:419:13)
Error: cmd: Command failed with exit code 8
at ChildProcess.whenDone (C:\Users\think ahead\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\cordova\node_modules\cordova-lib\src\cordova\superspawn
at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:98:17)
at maybeClose (child_process.js:756:16)
at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:823:5)

C:\devCenter\private\hello>

There is no android directory created inside platforms in "hello" project. Can someone please help me in pointing what I am missing/doing wrong.
Sceenshot of SDK

Window launched on "cordova platform add android"

EDIT:
Adding environment values:
C:\devCenter\private\hello>set
ALLUSERSPROFILE=C:\ProgramData
ANDROID_HOME=C:\devCenter\sdk
ANDROID_PLATFORM_TOOLS=C:\devCenter\sdk\platform-tools
ANDROID_TOOLS=C:\devCenter\sdk\tools
APPDATA=C:\Users\think ahead\AppData\Roaming
CommonProgramFiles=C:\Program Files\Common Files
CommonProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
CommonProgramW6432=C:\Program Files\Common Files
COMMPath=C:\Program Files\Lenovo\Communications Utility
COMPUTERNAME=THINKAHEAD
ComSpec=C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe
configsetroot=C:\Windows\ConfigSetRoot
FP_NO_HOST_CHECK=NO
HerokuPath=C:\Program Files (x86)\Heroku
HOMEDRIVE=C:
HOMEPATH=\Users\think ahead
LOCALAPPDATA=C:\Users\think ahead\AppData\Local
LOGONSERVER=\\THINKAHEAD
NODE_PATH=;%NODE_PATH%;C:\Users\think ahead\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules;C:\Dev\Opa\lib\opa\stdlib;C:\Dev\Opa\lib\opa\stdlib\stdlib.qmljs;C:\Dev\Opa\lib\opa\static;C:\Users\think ahead\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules;C:\Dev\Opa\lib\opa\stdlib;C:\Dev\Opa\lib\opa\stdlib\stdlib.qmljs;C:\Dev\Opa\lib\opa\static;%APPDATA%\npm\node_modules
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS=8
OPABASEDIR=C:\Dev\Opa
OS=Windows_NT
Path=C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;C:\Dev\Opa\bin;C:\mongodb\bin;c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Binn\;c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Binn\;c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\DTS\Binn\;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Lenovo;C:\Program Files (x86)\Heroku\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\git\cmd;C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin;C:\Program Files\MIT\Kerberos\bin;C:\Program Files\Lenovo\Bluetooth Software\;C:\Program Files\Lenovo\Bluetooth Software\syswow64;C:\Program Files\TortoiseGit\bin;C:\Program Files\nodejs\;C:\Ruby193\bin;C:\Windows\System32;C:\SocketeQ\windowsandroid_root\system\bin;C:\SocketeQ\windowsandroid_root\system\lib;C:\Program Files\MIT\Kerberos\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\HMA! Pro VPN\bin;C:\Users\think ahead\AppDa
ta\Roaming\npm
PATHEXT=.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC;.JS;.JS;.RB;.RBW
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE=AMD64
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER=Intel64 Family 6 Model 58 Stepping 9, GenuineIntel
PROCESSOR_LEVEL=6
PROCESSOR_REVISION=3a09
ProgramData=C:\ProgramData
ProgramFiles=C:\Program Files
ProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86)
ProgramW6432=C:\Program Files
PROMPT=$P$G
PSModulePath=C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\
PUBLIC=C:\Users\Public
READYAPPS=C:\SWTOOLS\ReadyApps
SESSIONNAME=Console
SSH_AGENT_PID=371780
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-vlsE376812/agent.376812
SWSHARE=C:\SWSHARE
SystemDrive=C:
SystemRoot=C:\Windows
TEMP=C:\Users\THINKA~1\AppData\Local\Temp
TMP=C:\Users\THINKA~1\AppData\Local\Temp
TVT=C:\Program Files (x86)\Lenovo
TVTCOMMON=C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Lenovo
USERDOMAIN=thinkahead
USERNAME=think ahead
USERPROFILE=C:\Users\think ahead
VBOX_INSTALL_PATH=C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\
VS100COMNTOOLS=C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Common7\Tools\
windir=C:\Windows
WINDOWSANDROID_ROOT=C:\SocketeQ\windowsandroid_root
windows_tracing_flags=3
windows_tracing_logfile=C:\BVTBin\Tests\installpackage\csilogfile.log


text:
Q: I mounted an ISO, but it mounts with 000 permissions, and as a result, I can only access it as root. How can I make it accessible to a normal user? I mounted an ISO image, and when I tried accessing the mount point, it said "permission denied". I checked with ls -l, and the mount point had d--------- at the beginning, meaning its permission bits are 000. I unmounted it, and then remounted it, this time explicitly specifying the UID/GID and permissions using -o uid=1000,gid=1000,mode=555, but the result was the same. The ISO still works in that I can access the files with root privileges, but I need to run something from there as a normal user, not as root. And even if I run it as root, the permissions still cause issues.
I'm aware I could copy everything as root and chmod -R it, but it would be nice to have a way to install it straight from the ISO.
So far I've encountered this issue on two different ISO's, both from the same source. In case you want to try and reproduce the issue, they are the LabVIEW Community Edition ISO's from National Instruments, both the 2020 and NXG versions. I want to try installing it using Wine.

A: According to the manual, -o mode= is ineffective when the filesystem itself carries information about file ownership & permissions using the Rock Ridge format extensions.
(It could be that the publisher thought they were specifying 0 as the mode mask while generating the ISO image… or that they just enabled Rock Ridge by accident, as it's not used by Windows.)
Mount with the -o norock option to make Linux ignore the additional Rock Ridge data.


Great chamber pot, from Digoin-Sarreguemines !
You may use it for decoration in your toilets, perhaps you may put a plant inside ?
Very good condition, only a small default under, nothing important.
Height 12,7 cm ; diameter outside 20 cm.


EU Multi socket outlet mount by kraxelaxel is licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution license.
This thing is designed to mount a multi socket against a wall. It is usable for the standart european outlet and was testet up to a 8x outlet strip.
Say thanks by giving kraxelaxel a tip and help them continue to share amazing Things with the Thingiverse community.
We're sure kraxelaxel would love a Tip, but unfortunately they have not setup their accounts to receive them yet.