text:
Q: Overset arrows similar to \vec for monomorphism, epimorphism and isomorphism I want to define 3 commands similar to \vec. The first, \Mono, must place over the argument an arrow just like in \vec, but with another arrowhead in the beginning of the arrow, and also pointing rightwards. This is to represent injections or monomorphisms.
The second,\Epi, must place over the argument an arrow just like in \vec, but with two arrowheads in the end of the arrow, both pointing rightwards. This is to represent surjections or epimorphisms.
The third, \Iso, must place over the argument an arrow just like in \vec, but with another arrowhead in the beginning of the arrow, but pointing leftwards. This is to represent bijections or isomorphisms.
My first attempt was to define the following commands
\newcommand{\Mono}[1]{\overset{\rightarrowtail}{#1}}
\newcommand{\Epi}[1]{\overset{\twoheadrightarrow}{#1}}
\newcommand{\Iso}[1]{\overset{\leftrightarrow}{#1}}

But these commands create too much space between the letter in the argument and the arrows above them, and the arrows themselves are too big. Ideally, I would like to know how \vec is defined and also to have commands that behave well in superscripts etc.

A: I don't know exactly how you defined \rightrightarrow, but my main point is to show  the layout will be better if you do that with the  accents package, as it takes into account the italic angle of the maths variables, so I replaced it with \hookrightarrow, which is a standard way to denote an injective homomorphism.
Here is a comparison of both ways:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{accents}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\newcommand{\Mono}[1]{\overset{\hookrightarrow}{#1}}
\newcommand{\Epi}[1]{\overset{\twoheadrightarrow}{#1}}
\newcommand{\Iso}[1]{\overset{\leftrightarrow}{#1}}

\begin{document}

\[ \begin{matrix}\Mono{f}: A \rightarrow B &\quad & \accentset{\hookrightarrow}{f}: A \rightarrow B \\%
 \Epi{f}: A \rightarrow B & & \accentset{\twoheadrightarrow}{f}: A \rightarrow B \\
 \Iso{f}: A \rightarrow B & & \accentset{\leftrightarrow}{f}: A \rightarrow B
\end{matrix}\]%

\end{document}


text:
Two Christian Publishers Sign New Sales and Distribution Agreements with Bookmasters
Jun 20, 2017 | Entertainment
Bookmasters has signed new agreements with two Christian publishers to distribute their titles in the United States and abroad.
ASHLAND, OH, June 20, 2017 /24-7PressRelease/ — Bookmasters, one of the largest providers of customized book publishing services in the United States, has signed new agreements with two Christian publishers to distribute their titles in the United States and abroad.
Lexham Press publishes a range of evangelical scholarly and pastoral works in the areas of biblical studies (including Bible reference and original language resources), biblical, historical, and systematic theology, and ministry resources. As part of the Faithlife Corporation (the makers of Logos Bible Software), Lexham Press seeks to increase biblical literacy, thoughtful Christian reflection, and faithful Christian action around the world through publishing. Lexham Press's expanded partnership with Bookmasters made their complete list of titles available worldwide, excluding Great Britain and Europe, effective April 2017. To learn more, go to https://lexhampress.com/.
Based in Cincinnati, Ohio, Forward Movement has been producing excellent, innovative resources to encourage spiritual growth in individuals and congregations for more than 80 years. Today, they publish books and eBooks for small groups, individual study, and prayer, as well as producing Christian formation courses, leadership events, Spanish and bilingual resources, pamphlets, downloadable resources, a daily podcast, apps for smartphones and tablets, and online engagement opportunities. Forward Movement's partnership with Bookmasters made their titles available worldwide effective April 2017. Learn more about how Forward Movement inspires disciples and empowers evangelists at www.forwardmovement.org.
"We're very pleased to add Lexham Press and Forward Movement to our growing list of Christian publishers," said Ken Fultz, general manager at Bookmasters. "These two publishers fit well with our company culture and business strategy. We're honored to partner with them."
"We at Lexham Press are pleased and excited about our new partnership with Bookmasters," said Jesse Myers, associate publisher at Lexham Press. "They have the reach and market knowledge we need for our diverse catalog and we know they will provide professional and efficient service to our customers. We have had great performance with the titles they have managed for us in the past, and now with our entire catalog with Bookmasters, we're looking forward to continued success."
"We're thrilled to partner with Bookmasters during an exciting period of growth for our ministry," said Jason Merritt, marketing director at Forward Movement. "We look forward to working with their team as we fulfill our mission to inspire disciples and empower evangelists."
About Bookmasters
Bookmasters, based in Ashland, Ohio, is one of the largest providers of customized publisher services in the United States. For more than 40 years, Bookmasters has offered services to publishers and authors such as book printing (offset, short-run digital, and print-on-demand), printed book sales and distribution, warehousing and fulfillment, eBook sales and distribution, and editorial and design services. To learn more, visit www.bookmasters.com.
Bookmasters is owned by Follett Corporation and is a strategic partner with Baker & Taylor, premier worldwide distributor of books, digital content, and entertainment products.
PreviousThe Singing Bartender Celebrates 4th Anniversary with Fundraiser
NextLyman A. Montgomery Announces the Launch and Release of His New Book
GRAMMY® Award-nominated Artist Marsha Ambrosius Guest Speaker for 2018 MPAC Film Festival!
Miami Rap Artist Flexx Releases New Single "Spilt Liquor" on 4/20
Critically Acclaimed Drama/Romance Film Seven Lovers Now Available for Rent or Purchase on Multiple Digital Platforms
Capturing The Light: Monet Merchand ON The R.I.S.E!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
News What's Happening Now
BET Keeps #OurDaughters in the Spotlight
Ugi Ugwuomo
<p> Business Wire</p>
At the height of the global attention brought on in the wake of the kidnapping of approximately 300 Nigerian schoolgirls by the Islamic fundamentalist organization Boko Haram, BET hosts a powerful conversation about one of the most talked about news stories of this year. With Stolen Innocence: Your Daughters Are Our Daughters, hosts Marc Lamont Hill and Arise TV's Lola Ogunnaike aim to inform an increasingly aware public of the facts that surround the kidnapping crisis in Nigeria, as well as shed light on the underreported crisis surrounding human trafficking and child exploitation – internationally as well as domestically. The one-hour town hall forum airs Friday, May 23rd at 7 p.m. ET/PT on BET and Saturday, May 24th at 10 p.m. on Centric.
"BET and Arise both felt that it was necessary this conversation not die down," says Ogunnaike. "When dealing with issues of this magnitude, for the first few weeks, everyone is really passionate about the story. Then, as is human tendency, people shift their attentions away. For Arise and BET, it was important the conversation continue, and also expand."
Stolen Innocence was taped in Atlanta, Georgia—a deliberate decision by producers to help bridge the issue to a national audience. Atlanta has been documented as one of the central hubs of the international human trafficking and sexual exploitation industries.
Ogunnaike added, "To know a cosmopolitan as beautiful as Atlanta can have this sad, deep-rooted underbelly is shocking and really disconcerting, and the reason we chose to shoot it in Atlanta."
Hill, representing for an equally as concerned male population in the forum, believes that now is the time to connect the community to the broader international crisis in a way that resonates closer to home. "While there are hashtag campaigns and news reports we understand that, if this were a political issue or pop culture issue, the media would be saturated. We want to take that responsibility of coverage and raise critical questions about the role the United States should play, the role neighboring countries should play, and the strategies on releasing the girls via military and diplomatic responses," Hill explains. "Our goal is to make people realize that this isn't some foreign, distant, abstract idea. This is something that is happening everywhere and can happen to our children and our daughters, and in fact has."
The panelists and key town hall participants offer knowledgeable perspectives and opinions from various sides of the cultural bridge. They include: actresses Nicole Ari Parker and Tasha Smith, journalist Omoyele Sowore, attorney Only Nwaohuocha, Dr. Bernice King, Emelia Orubele (President and CEO of the American Nigerian Int. Chamber of Commerce), Temeka Weatherly (Director at Wellspring Living), Leah Albright-Byrd (Survivor and Founder of Bridget's Dream), and musician India.Arie. Arise TV's Charles Aniagolu will provide sentiments and perspective from Nigeria, as he corresponds from Abuja, the nations capitol.
Ogunnaike stressed the importance of having the opportunity to bring people together from different cultures for this conversation: "It is paramount we heard from Nigerians on the ground as well as here in the States and important we are able to hear from three Nigerian panelists. I was in Nigeria two weeks ago at a women's empowerment conference and, between panels, that is all anyone was speaking about. It is nice to see that Nigerian citizens and the international community are becoming equally as committed."
In this article:bet, Boko Haram, bring back our girls, lola ogunnaike, marc lamont hill, Nigeria
TYLER PERRY STUDIOS' NEW ORIGINAL DRAMA "TYLER PERRY'S RUTHLESS," AVAILABLE NOW FOR STREAMING ON BET+
BET Set to Air Explosive New Keyshia Cole Special
EBONY Magazine Sept 2013: Fear of a Black Planet
Kirk Franklin Talks 'LONG LIVE LOVE' Album, Clark Sisters Biopic & More


Sun Center Remodel - Bullard Construction, Inc.
Design-build tenant improvement for a 100,000 sq. ft. call center. Design, permitting, and construction were completed within six months. Work included the complete renovation of existing offices, conference rooms, break rooms, as well as the addition of new offices.


County residents who are Medicaid enrolled, Medicaid eligible or who are uninsured, can receive services which are medically necessary as determined by clinical assessment.
At the time of your first scheduled visit to The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness you will meet with our Benefits Specialist who will review with you the financial information you have been requested to bring and will establish your ability-to-pay. This is done to be sure our services are affordable. Your ability-to-pay is determined based on your income and family size. Fees are assessed on a sliding fee scale established by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Any deductible or co-pay you may be responsible for will not exceed your Ability-to-pay.
If you are a Medicaid recipient, the benefit specialist will verify the type of Medicaid you have. If a "deductible" amount must be satisfied before Medicaid pays, the benefit specialist will be able to discuss this and answer any questions you may have. In some cases you may be asked to contact your HMO directly for service authorization.
If you have private insurance, The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness can assist in coordinating your mental health benefits with your insurance carrier. Questions about deductible and co-pays can be answered by the Benefits Specialist.
You have the right to contest an ability-to-pay determination that has been made by The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness. You can notify The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness in writing of your desire for a re-determination and a meeting will be held concerning your request. If you are dissatisfied with the outcome of the meeting, you may appeal the redetermination of the ability-to-pay to the Probate Court in the county where you reside.
The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness will annually determine your insurance coverage and ability-to-pay if you continue to receive services. A new determination will be completed if The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness is informed of a significant change which may affect your ability-to-pay and/or insurance coverage.
You can ask for a new determination if your finances change and you feel that you cannot make payments. You also can ask for a review of your determination if you do not agree with the amount you are asked to pay. The law requires that we recalculate the amount you must pay each year if you or family members are receiving services. You can discuss your situation with a Fiscal Specialist if you are having problems with your payments.
What if I still feel I can't pay the amount you say I must pay?
After finding out how much we determine you can pay, you can ask for an administrative hearing. This request for a hearing must be a written request and must be sent, within 30 days of the original fee determination, to The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness Fiscal Department. If you still believe this amount is more than you can pay, you can take your case to the probate court in the county where you live.
Is the information I provide confidential?
Yes, all information will be held in the strictest confidence. You may be asked to sign a release of information form that will allow us to provide information to your insurance company.
What if I still have questions about making payments or how my ability-to-pay was figured?
You can contact The Right Door for Hope, Recovery and Wellness Benefit Specialist at 616.527.1790.


Habakkuk 3:1 A prayer by Habakkuk the prophet,—in the manner of an Ode. Habakkuk 3:2 O Yahweh, I have heard tidings of thee, I am afraid. O Yahweh! Thy work—in the midst of the years, O revive it, in the midst of the years, wilt thou make known? In trouble, wilt thou remember, compassion? Habakkuk 3:3 GOD, from Teman, cometh in, and, the Holy One, from Mount Paran. Selah. His splendour, hath covered the heavens, and, his praise, hath filled the earth: Habakkuk 3:4 And, a brightness, as light, appeareth, Rays, out of his hand, hath he,—and, there, is the hiding of his power. Habakkuk 3:5 Before him, marcheth pestilence,—and fever, goeth forth, at his feet: Habakkuk 3:6 He hath stood and measured the earth, he hath looked, and caused nations to tremble, and, scattered as dust, are the perpetual mountains, and, sunk, are the age-abiding hills,—Forthgoings age-abiding, are his. Habakkuk 3:7 Under distress, saw I the tents of Ethiopia,—tremble, do the curtains of the land of Midian. Habakkuk 3:8 Against the rivers, is Yahweh wroth? Against the rivers, is thine anger? Against the sea, is thine indignation? For thou wilt ride on Thy horses, Thy chariots, [shall be] salvation! Habakkuk 3:9 To nakedness, is bared thy bow, oaths of chastisement—song! Selah. With rivers, thou dost cleave open the land. Habakkuk 3:10 The mountains, have seen thee—they tremble, a downpour of waters, hath passed along,—the roaring deep, hath given forth, his voice, on high—his hand, hath he uplifted. Habakkuk 3:11 Sun, moon, have stood still, on high,—like light, thine arrows, speed along, like brightness, is the flash of thy spear. Habakkuk 3:12 In wrath, dost thou stride through the land,—in anger, dost thou thresh the nations. Habakkuk 3:13 Thou hast come forth to the salvation of thy people, to salvation, with thine Anointed One,—Thou hast crushed the Head out of the house of the lawless one, baring the foundation up to the neck, Selah. Habakkuk 3:14 Thou hast pierced, with his own staves, the head of his chiefs, they storm along, to scatter me,—their exultant thought, is, in very deed, to devour the oppressed one, in a secret place! Habakkuk 3:15 Thou hast driven, into the sea, thy chariot-horses. Foaming are the mighty waters! Habakkuk 3:16 I heard, and I trembled within me, at the voice, my lips, quivered, decay, entered, my bones, and, in my limbs, I trembled,—though I am to find rest, in the day of distress, when their invader, cometh up against the people.
Habakkuk 3:17 Though, the fig-tree, should not blossom, and there be no sprouting in the vines, the yield of the olive, should have deceived, and, the fields, not have brought forth food,—the flock, have been consumed out of the fold, and there be no herd in the stalls, Habakkuk 3:18 Yet, I, in Yahweh, will rejoice,—I will exult in the God of my salvation. Habakkuk 3:19 Yahweh, My Lord, is my strength, therefore hath he made my feet like hinds, and, upon my high places, will he cause me to march along. To the chief musician, on my double harp.


The economy of Uttaradit which is located on a province with the same name in north Thailand is based on the growth and sale of the Langsat fruit that is grown in South East Asia. It is known by its scientific name – "lansium domesticum".
Once a year, in the second half of September, the town holds a colored fair dedicated to the unique fruit. On the festive fair, folklore shows, an exhibition that present the industry related to the fruit, beauty queen ceremony and a colorful parade are held.


Published on August 22nd 2013.
DO you want to be the first to see all the great original art at this year's The Manchester Contemporary and Buy Art Fair? Then enter this competition to win private view tickets followed by dinner at The Alchemist.
The AlchemistThe Manchester Contemporary is the largest fair of critically engaging visual art outside of London. It will be returning with Buy Art Fair to Spinningfields on 27-29 September 2013.
One Manchester Confidential reader will win two tickets for the private view of The Manchester Contemporary with champagne and canapés on Thursday 26 September 2013.
Here you'll have the opportunity to view some of the exciting work being shown to leading art collectors and curators, before you explore the 300 artists being displayed at Buy Art Fair. Finally, you'll be treated to a three course dinner for two with a bottle of house wine at The Alchemist in Spinningfields.
The Manchester Contemporary is a place for visitors to engage with new and slightly edgier works of art. It showcases the work of contemporary artists including Charlie Billingham, David Miles and Ian Homerston.
Tmc WelcomeThe Manchester Contemporary and Buy Art Fair bring together over 70 galleries from around the UK and beyond, who will show the work of over 300 artists.
Situated in the heart of Spinningfields, The Alchemist is the perfect place to sip a cocktail or enjoy diverse and delicious food in relaxed surroundings. From the delicate crayfish salad to jerk chicken and fillet steak, it's all passionately prepared and responsibly sourced.
eileen5540 shared this on Facebook on August 31st 2013.
Charlotte Foy shared this on Facebook on September 5th 2013.
Jenny Mace shared this on Facebook on September 14th 2013.
cazclifton shared this on Facebook on September 18th 2013.
Thank you for your interest, but this competition closed to further entries on September 20th 2013.


text:
Courtesy of Jessa Duggar/Instagram (1); Courtesy of Duggar Family/Instagram (2)
Jessa Duggar Reunites With Her Family Amid Estrangement Rumors: See Photo
By Katherine Schaffstall
What feud? Jessa Duggar reunited with her family amid rumors that she is estranged from her parents Jim Bob Duggar, Michelle Duggar and her 18 siblings.
James Duggar took to his Instagram Stories on Monday, January 23, to share a Boomerang video of Jessa, 30, her husband, Ben Seewald, and two of their kids sitting at at the Duggars' dining room table with some of her family members, including Jana Duggar, at what appeared to be a family dinner.
Is Every Duggar Ridiculously Messy? The 'Counting On' Kids' Houses Are Making Us Wonder
"Family night," James, 21, captioned the brief clip.
In another video, the former TLC personality revealed that other family members were in attendance including younger sisters Josie and Jennifer.
Jessa and Ben, 27, attended the family dinner amid rumors that the couple is estranged from her family.
The speculation began when the Counting On alum hinted she was distancing herself from Jim Bob, 57, and Michelle, 56, by attending her sister Jill Duggar's baby show in July 2022. Jill, 31, and her husband, Derick Dillard, have been estranged from her family since the lawyer, 33, was fired from their reality show in 2017.
Jessa and Jill's cousin, Amy Duggar, shared photos from the baby shower via Instagram, with Jessa confirming she attended the event by commenting, "It was so fun celebrating this new life."
So Much for the Duggar Dress Code! Pretty Much All of the 'Counting On' Girls Have Worn Pants
After Amy, 36, posted the photos, one fan took to the comments section to ask if there was "any reason" Jessa didn't appear in the pictures from the baby shower. The mother of four fired back at claims that she doesn't get along with Jill by responding, "Please let's not assume there's a negative motive behind everything we do and do not do."
The estrangement rumors continued when the couple appeared to be absent from the family's fall festival in November 2022, which fans got a glimpse into on Jedidiah Duggar and his wife Katey Duggar's YouTube channel.
Jessa, Ben and their kids – Spurgeon, 7, Henry, 5, Ivy, 3, and Fern, 18 months – also weren't featured in a video from the family's ugly Christmas sweater party in December 2022.
Some fans have wondered if tension over Josh Duggar's child pornography scandal could be the reason behind the alleged estrangement.
Courtesy of Jame Duggar/Instagram
Shortly after Josh, 34, was found guilty in December 2021, Jessa and Ben slammed her older brother in a statement.
"From the moment we learned about this case against Josh we have prayed that God would cause the truth to be known, no matter what it was, and that the facts would be followed no matter where they led," the couple's statement, which was shared via Twitter, read. "We are grieved beyond words over the children exploited and abused in child sexual abuse material, and we are thankful for our justice system in its punishment of such evils. Our hearts break for Josh's family, and we ask your continued prayers for them in the unfathomable grief and pain they are enduring."
Counting On
Duggars
Jessa Duggar


Not being able to find the original signed copy of a Will is a serious thing - it is the same as dying without having a Will. Even if a photocopy can be found, it counts for nothing.
In addition, if your Will is in poor condition it can be declared as being unsafe. That means pages being torn, anything being written on any page, or even if it has been damaged by water.
We automatically contact you every four years to review your Will.
Any changes to your Will attracts a reduced fee, some changes are free.
Your Executors know where your Will is and how to get it back.
You can be confident that your Will will always be in pristine condition.


text:
Davis Cup: Kazakhstan beats Italy in 1st round
ASTANA, Kazakhstan (AP) — Kazakhstan completed a 3-2 win over Italy in their Davis Cup first round match Sunday as Alexander Nedovesov upset Italian No. 1 Fabio Fognini in the deciding rubber.
Host team Kazakhstan bounced back from 2-1 down after Saturday's doubles to reach the quarterfinals for the third year in a row and will now meet Australia in July.
Italy's defeat is a disappointment for a team which reached last year's semifinals before losing to eventual champion Switzerland and Roger Federer. The Italians now face a playoff for the right to stay in the top-tier World Group.
World No. 130 Nedovesov was a surprise winner in Sunday's decider, when he faced an opponent ranked 108 places higher, but still managed to win 7-6 (5), 3-6, 4-6, 6-3, 7-5 after a match lasting almost 3 ¾ hours.
Nedovesov converted his match point with an ace, but his serve needed to be confirmed by the video review system as having brushed the outside line. That prompted wild celebrations at the National Tennis Center in the Kazakh capital Astana as the Ukraine-born Nedovesov was tossed into the air by the rest of the Kazakh players and coaches.
Earlier Sunday Kazakh No. 1 Mikhail Kukushkin beat Andreas Seppi in straight sets to level the tie at 2-2. Following a lengthy first-set tiebreaker, Kukushkin had all the momentum as he won 7-6 (8), 6-0, 6-4.
Kukushkin gave Seppi just one break opportunity during the match, while converting five of the 10 chances offered him by the Italian. Seppi was let down by 55 unforced errors against 28 for Kukushkin.
The match started Friday with Kukushkin beating Simone Bolelli in the first singles rubber, before Seppi leveled the score with a win over Andrei Golubev. Saturday's doubles saw Fognini and Bolelli beat Golubev and Nedovesov.
This article was from The Associated Press and was legally licensed through the NewsCred publisher network.
This entry was tagged Astana, Continental Europe, Davis Cup, Fabio Fognini, Kazakhstan, tennis. Bookmark the permalink.
← World Cup: New Zealand wins 5th match in a row
West Brom deeply concerned about pitch invasions at Villa →


Besides a convenient Voice Recorder you get a Voice Messenger and a Voice Sharing tool for MySpace, Twitter, Blogger in one app.
Make high quality voice recordings right from your handheld. Record a voice note, lecture or an interview. With your BlackBerry record anything on-the-go.
E-mail your voice recordings for playing back on the PC or mobile. On-the-Fly conversion to mp3. Send the recording whenever and wherever you are. No typing, no printing involved. Mp3 format makes the recording easy to send and easy to listen to.
Share your recordings with friends in Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, Blogger. Let your friends hear your notes by sharing them in major social networks directly from your smartphone.
Create your own podcasts on-the-go, upload and share them right from BlackBerry. Enjoy listening to podcasts? Well, now you can make your own podcasts, listen to them and let others hear your reviews, advice or impressions. Make your recordings public and let others hear you!


text:
Michael Lerseth
Assistant Sports Editor
Mike Lerseth has worked for The San Francisco Chronicle since May 2000. Originally hired as a copy editor, he spent more than a decade working as a supervisor in Production before returning to the newsroom in June 2013 as one of The Chronicle's two assistant sports editors. In that role, Mike oversees the paper's NFL, Colleges, NBA, NHL, horse racing and high school sports coverage – with a dash of auto racing thrown in, too.
A seventh-generation Californian and married father of four, Mike began his newspaper career began in 1982. Prior to The Chronicle, he held management positions at the Vallejo Times-Herald and Oakland Tribune and was also a news editor at the Contra Costa Times.
Kevin Durant's going to Brooklyn: Here's a look at his career highlights
Sharks' captain Joe Pavelski expected to sign 3-year deal with Dallas
Former MLB All-Star Brandon Phillips joining Vallejo Admirals
Kevin Durant injury fallout: Raptors fan's GoFundMe page benefits KD charity
Aldon Smith, ex-49er and Raider, arrested in Kansas on DUI charge
Oh bother — bees delay Giants-Reds game
Happy birthday, Willie Mays - No. 88!
Potential 49ers draft pick Nick Bosa deletes pro-Trump comments: 'I had to'
Load Next 8 Articles Return to Top


This work has as a substratum or initial motivation an important ritual event of Ifá called paraldo or oparaldo, in which three rectangular pieces of white, red and black cloth are used on which certain odus or Ifá signs are painted. The aim of this small ceremony is to keep the presence of death or of a dead spirit away from a person. An animal (chicken, rooster, dove or guinea fowl) is sacrificed by a babalawo behind the back of the person involved. These three colours are basic in the religion of Ifá, since they represent or possess the three types or primordial energy or aché present in the animal, vegetable and mineral kingdom, and allow the making and fulfilment of all things . In this work, the cloths mentioned in the title have been substituted, as is common in Rubén Rodríguez's work, by human bodies. His substitutions are done almost exclusively using the human figure, male and female. For white, he uses the figure of a woman whose breasts seem to be dripping maternal milk, maybe as a reference to the purity associated with the mother, who is the origin of the whole human species. For red, he uses a sexually aroused male figure, with an erect phallus, to represent activity, passion and blood. And for black, again a female figure, but this time bent over on herself, hunched, gloomy, of funereal aspect, like death (ikú) itself or the dark forces of the invisible world, of the world beyond (of orun). In spite of its uncomplicated appearance, this work not only synthesizes, in an odd manner, the ceremony of the oparaldo, but the contents of all that exists from the perspective of the Yoruba mystic way of thinking.


text:
New BMW iX is an X5 Sized Electric SUV
BMW General Car SUV Car news Electric
Subscribe to our WhatsApp newsletter:
The iX is not due on sale for another year, but BMW is keen to show the world what its all-electric premium SUV looks like.
Along with many premium manufacturers, BMW is pushing ahead with all-electric vehicles and specifically premium electric SUVs. We've already seen the iX3, which is based on the X3, revealed earlier this year but the iX is its own platform and designed to be an electric car from the conceptual phase.
BMW plans to have 5 EV models on sale by the end of 2021 and 25 in total by the end of 2023. The adoption of electric vehicles since the worldwide lockdown due to Covid19 has increased throughout Europe unexpectedly quickly and the manufacturers that are further ahead down the electric pathway are set to make early gains in market share that could be long-lasting.
The iX is about the same length as a BMW X5 and similar height to an X6 with the same wheel size as you would find on an X7.
Electric power and range
The BMW iX is equipped with a battery of over 100 kWh (similar to that of the Tesla Model S and Jaguar i-Pace). The power unit also uses no rare earth raw materials so according to BMW is manufactured in a sustainable manner. The power unit is capable of producing 370 kW which will push it along to 100 kph from a standstill in 5-seconds flat. There's no mention of how much the iX weighs but with a powerful battery like that it's likely to tip the scales at well over 2-tons.
In terms of efficiency, the iX claims 21 kWh per 100 km which equates to 600 km of range on the WLTP cycle. The figures provided are not official yet but are based on the car's current state of development.
Impressively the BMW iX can accept DC fast charging of up to 200 kW. Charging the battery from 10-80 percent at 200 kW occurs in under 40 minutes. Connected to a home charging system, it takes around 11 hours to recharge the battery from flat.
BMW is still seemingly convinced by the polarising front end grille on its latest cars.
The kidney grille will no doubt be another talking part in the iX's design. The kidney grille is completely blanked off as there is no need for it to be used as a cooling device anymore. Its role has turned digital and here it functions as an intelligence panel. Camera technology, radar functions and other sensors are integrated into the grille behind a transparent surface. The iX is also fitted with 5G capability allowing it to process data faster than ever and improve certain live functions. The automated systems such as parking features and automated driving have been improved with the latest updates.
Interior feel
BMW has decided to give the iX a lot of open space in its design. There is no centre tunnel which allows for more legroom in the front and rear while allowing BMW designers to create a new centre console that looks like a huge floating armrest.
The infotainment screen and surrounds look devoid of any button clutter at all, ushering all interaction to the centre rotary dial or the touchscreen system. It looks clean and minimalist which BMW is calling 'shy tech'. The shy tech approach for the interior can be seen in a number of features, including speakers integrated out of sight, thinly-styled air vents, heated surfaces and the recessing of the BMW Head-Up Display's projector into the instrument panel so it is almost invisible.
Coming to SA?
BMW plans to put the iX into production in the second half of 2021. There is no information yet on whether it will be available locally yet but with the positive push from BMW to move towards electric, there is the intention to spread its electric lineup beyond Europe. SA will first see the iX3 on sale locally in Q4 2021 with perhaps this iX only arriving in 2022.
Electric BMW i4 M Confirmed
2024 BMW M5 To Go Electric?
Electric Cars: Understanding the Terms
Providing you with the latest motoring news, new car releases and the simplest way to buy and sell cars.
Follow Cars.co.za on Twitter Follow Cars.co.za on Facebook
Prime -5% with 0% deposit on BMW Approved Used Cars
All-Electric BMW iX3 Revealed, Coming to SA
BMW to cut 'traditional variants' by 50%
Kia Introduces new Logo, Slogan (Updated)
Gero Lilleike
New Cars For SA in 2021
Toyota Announces New Electric SUV
Reviews Read more
Mercedes-AMG A35 (2020) Review
Honda WR-V (2020) Review
Audi Q3 Sportback (2020) Review
Porsche Cayman GT4 (2020) Review
Articles by Vehicle Types
SUV (1764)
Hatchback (1751)
Sedan (1122)
Sports car (583)
Crossover (580)
Bakkie (393)
Supercar (391)
Double Cab Bakkie (335)
MPV (205)
Station Wagon (122)
Hybrid (114)
Articles by Popular Brands


Pull-ups and chin-ups are one of the oldest exercises and just about anyone had tried them in high school as a measure of strength. The first thing you notice is - they are hard. Most people are lucky to get a few reps the first time they try them. I for example got one and a half and felt like I was going to die. Anyway this article is dedicated exactly to people who want to get out of their pull-up misery.
If you can't do even one pull-up or chin-up I advise you to use two exercises - the horizontal row and the scapular pull-up in order to get ready for your first pull-up. Start doing horizontal rows and gradually work until you are able to do a few reps with your feet elevated on a chair, table...etc. Sets and reps are up to you but don't get too crazy and NEVER train to failure.
After you are done with your horizontal rows perform a few sets of scapular pull-ups in order to develop a good pull-up start and to condition the insertions of your lats for pull-ups. On this exercise focus on full range of motion and forger about reps. Just hang from the bar or rings and down-shrug your shoulders without flexing at the elbow. That's how each pull-up should be started. Once you are able to do the feet elevated version of the horizontal row switch to pull-up or chin-ups. You will be able to do 2-3 reps.
If you can do 1-3 reps I recommend using the "calm strength" method. You are going to perform 1-2 reps for 8-10 sets with perfect form and NEVER to failure. In other words if you can do 2 pull-ups perform 8-10 sets of 1 rep with relatively small rest between sets. Perform this drill up to a few times a week (depending on what else you are doing), avoid failure and add one rep/set each time. After you are able to do 15 sets of 1 rep rest two days and test your max. I bet it will be well over 2 reps.
If you can do 4-6 reps you can use the same method presented above but instead of 10 x 1 you will do 10 x 2 or 3. Another option is to follow the classic GTG protocol by Pavel Tsatsouline. However make sure you avoid over training and go back when you have to.
If you can do 10 reps of perfect form pull-ups you are at decent level and you may add a little weight to your pull-ups. Don't get greedy here - 5 lbs - 10lbs will be plenty. Start doing 10 sets of 2 reps with 5 lbs and after you build-up to 15 sets of 2 reps with 5lbs rest test your bodyweight max rep pull-ups. I bet it will be well over 10 reps.


text:
A Royal Celebration
We are privileged to announce that we are winners of the prestigious Queens Award for Enterprise.
The awards, now in their 50th year, recognise British firms that have excelled in the categories of: innovation, international trade or sustainable development.
We have been awarded the Queen's Award for International Trade in recognition of the outstanding growth of our overseas sales, which have more than doubled in the last three years. It is such an honour to receive what is widely regarded as the most prestigious business award in the country.
While each of our screens starts its life designed and manufactured in our Yorkshire factory, we now sell our products all over the world. You can find Icon screens shipped to clients in Benelux, France, Spain, the Middle East, USA and even Australia.
Jon Wesson, Managing Director, and our Operations Director, Paula Kaminski, were invited to attend a special reception at Buckingham Palace to celebrate our award win, in what is also her Majesty the Queen's 90th birthday year.
"This is a tremendous achievement for Icon. We have worked incredibly hard over the last few years and to have our success acknowledged, with such a prestigious award, is truly a special moment for our business."
To find out more about where in the world our screens have been used in projects, take a look at some of our case studies.
Published: 04 Aug, 2016
Category: Icon News, Inspiration


Google is now in the same-day delivery business. In San Francisco, some people affiliated with Google can buy a product, using their phones or computers, and have it delivered to their homes in a matter of hours.
Plans for the new service have been under way for more than a year. But it recently went live for some Google employees and their friends, according to two people briefed on the service who were not authorized to discuss it because Google has not yet publicly introduced it. At least one national apparel chain is involved, one of these people said. A Google spokesman, Nate Tyler, declined to comment.
Google is just one company tackling same-day delivery. So are Wal-Mart Stores, Amazon.com, eBay and the United States Postal Service.
Though the service propels Google into commerce, the company does not intend to operate warehouses or a shipping service but to team up with retailers and delivery companies. Several San Francisco retailers, including national chains, are participating in the program already.
For shoppers, the service means they can avoid the trouble of driving to the store and some of the wait for items ordered online.
Same-day delivery could help physical retailers, which have been under siege from e-commerce companies that offer the convenience of shopping without leaving home. But online retailers offering same-day delivery could make life even harder for physical retailers, because letting people own something the same day has become physical retailers' biggest remaining advantage.
The reasons that Google is interested in same-day delivery are less obvious.
Retail ads are a huge portion of Google's business, but they are under threat from companies like Amazon, where shoppers increasingly go to search for products, bypassing Google. Also responding to the threat from Amazon, Google recently tried to improve its comparison shopping service by charging retailers to list their products there. It says retailers are more likely to list accurate and up-to-date items if they are paying.
Additionally, Google has been trying to bridge the gap between the digital and physical worlds to better understand and profit from mobile ads. On computers, Google and advertisers know if a user clicks on an ad and visits or buys on another Web site. But they lose track of customers who look up a business or product on their phone and then put their phone away, walk into the store and buy something. Online ordering and delivery could help solve that problem.


An opinion piece from The BMJ made the rounds a while ago on Twitter. The column, provocatively titled "The death of bedside teaching," originally appeared in December 2016, but the points made by physician Mark Mikhail continue to reverberate. Is bedside teaching really dying?
It's a strange idea for us to consider here at Stanford Medicine 25 since our focus is bedside medicine. However, even though we see momentum building around a global physician/mentor community that's passionate about the physical exam and bedside teaching, its broad resurgence is still in its infancy.
· There's a perception that it's labor intensive.
· It has suffered in the past from a bad reputation (insensitive to the patient).
· It's difficult to coordinate timing between patients, attendings and students.
· Doctors don't want to disrupt or burden patients with multiple exams.
· Students can feel as though they're in the way.
· Today's hospital systems see faster patient turnover and use ambulatory care more.
· EHR data entry consumes a lot of time for physicians.
The obstacles are very real, but we know that bedside medicine and bedside teaching don't have to burden anyone. In fact, we understand that even five minutes is enough time to teach a technique at the bedside, and like Mikhail, we've found that students are "desperate to learn in a non-threatening but real-life environment." There's not only room for these teaching methods and approaches, there's a desire for them: both physicians and patients are craving a deeper connection. And in that connection, as we've seen over and over, time spent at the bedside energizes practitioners and helps patients feel more well.
Of particular note on this list is the EHR and what it demands of the physician. Embedded in the conversation about EHRs is a big picture question: "How should we spend our time as doctors and as teachers?" As we consider the answers, we also have to ask, "What's standing in the way?" A return to the model of the apprentice at the bedside will only be possible if we identify and address those barriers. What are they for you? Do you see a path toward removing them?
Humility is an underappreciated skill in a time of global budgets, evidenced based approaches, and cost-containment. The bright, well-read, talented medical students who may lack humility are not uncommon.
What Can Doctors Learn from Narrative Medicine?
Patient-centered care is an important aspect of the National Strategy for Quality Improvement on Health Care. As such, healthcare institutions are strongly focusing on the patient-physician relationship and the patient experience.
The editor-in-chief of Medscape, Dr. Eric Topol, visited Stanford to sit down and do an interview with our Dr. Vergese for the Medscape One-on-One online video series.


text:
DiscussingFilm
Bringing the latest news straight to your virtual doorstep.
Velvet Buzzsaw review – What is Art? Dan Gilroy Doesn't Know
February 3, 2019 July 25, 2019 Categories FilmLeave a Comment on Velvet Buzzsaw review – What is Art? Dan Gilroy Doesn't Know
Growing up with a father being a Professor of Art I have been naturally brought up in galleries surrounded by the type of people depicted in this film, supposedly. I am friends with Turner Prize winners, aspiring artists and collectors – the whole lot. The film takes a limp swing to accomplish an established idea of this world whether it be through artists, collectors or critics – it miserably falls flat on its face. The filmmakers don't understand anything, literally ANYTHING about art or artists. I get it's perhaps a satire, but quoted below Gilroy believes otherwise. I'll take him at his word.
The film is a dripping failure as it cashes in on the cliche of the beret-twirling artist stereotype (I am surprised there were no berets present). Anyone who works as part of the industry knows those who act like the people portrayed in the film are failures attempting to become something by capitalising on saying "oh look I am an artist because I wear a beret and speak in a certain manner" and inevitably get nowhere because they don't focus on what they are creating or seeing. Gilroy has been quoted by saying "I would say it's 100% accurate" which inherently shows his misconception and the idea that he believes this is truly a deadly serious depiction is rather hilarious.
To look at an example of a great film about art is, Julian Schnabel's 'At Eternity's Gate', an in-depth study into the psyche of Vincent Van Gogh. Schnabel is a painter, he lives in the world and understands it, Gilroy has no connection other than perhaps a fascination with art but no real understanding. Look at this list of artists, tell me which one fits into the cliches conveyed in the film; Franz Kline, Jackson Pollock, Edward Hopper, Julian Schnabel, Chris Ofili, Claude Monet, Vincent Van Gogh, or Robert Raushenberg for example. None of them. The world of art portrayed is entirely a misconception of view, lazily portraying a concept with an interesting premise.
We follow Morf Vandewalt (Jake Gyllenhaal), a flashy art critic whose power as a critic has no limits. The mystery begins with the discovery of a dead Ventril Dease, an artist whose horrifying work is discovered by Josephina (Zawe Ashton). Against Dease's final wish that his works be destroyed, Rhedora Haze (Rene Russo) hastily snatches the room full of works and saves them. A presence is felt within his paintings, as things take a turn for the strange.
Perhaps the only thing going for the film is the horror-mystery elements, the close-ups of Dease's paintings remind you of the masterful work of Francisco Goya in his "Black Paintings" which are truly terrifying. It was the only thing that worked, with a continued repetition of edgy swearing and pretentious drool – Velvet Buzzsaw can't even be saved by Jake Gyllenhaal or Toni Collette, who both smashed it in 'The Sisters Brothers' and 'Hereditary' last year.
Josephina is by far the worst element, the flatness of Zawe Ashton's acting was beyond boring and utterly cliche delivering some of the biggest eye rolling moments in recent memory. Gyllenhaal does the best he can with the flaky script, whereas Toni Collette barely shows up and when she does she delivers what she can.
A major issue with the film is its film editing, the jumping nature of the edit between scene to scene creates a disconnect in the ensemble. Characters come and go abruptly, also seemingly motivations change with the click of the heels. There is no real sense of continuity, it's just a jaunty failure.
I had great expectations for this film. Considering I am engulfed by artists and galleries, and also a great horror admirer. There is no real merit to the film, apart from the occasional tense close-up moments with Dease's horrifying paintings – it's a film about art made by people who don't understand art.
Ben Rolph
VELVET BUZZSAW IS OUT IN UK CINEMAS AND AVAILABLE ON NETFLIX
FILM TWEETS & REACTIONS @THEDCTVSHOW ON TWITTER
Published by Ben Rolph
Despite being head editor, Ben loves to review films, ranging from indies to blockbusters, at DiscussingFilm. He loves musicals, horror, and indies among a broad range of other genres. His taste is wide ranging, shown by his favourites of 2018; Suspiria, Leave No Trace, and Mary Poppins Returns. In his spare time, Ben's watching DC TV shows and going on about Melissa Benoist, Chris Wood, and Grant Gustin. Follow him here: @thedctvshow	View all posts by Ben Rolph
Previous Post Escape Room review – A Nifty and Smartly Woven Concept
Next Post Cold Pursuit review – A Hilarious Genre-Breaking Thriller
Simon Kinberg/David Weil TV Series Tentatively Titled 'Ray James' - Set To Be Largest Budget Series For Apple TV+ (EXCLUSIVE)
Suttirat Anne Larlarb Joins Disney+ 'Obi-Wan Kenobi' Series (EXCLUSIVE)
'The Report' v. 'Dark Waters' - Two True Important Stories of Systemic Injustices
Disney's 'Peter Pan' Remake Retitled 'Peter Pan and Wendy' - Eyeing To Begin Filming April 17th in Canada (EXCLUSIVE)
Uncut Gems review - A Horrific Incoherent Mess | London Film Festival 2019


Justia › US Law › US Case Law › US Supreme Court › Volume 218 › Omaha v. Omaha Water Co.
In the absence of any provision in the submission, the award of arbitrators or appraisers must be unanimous in matters of private concern, but a majority can act when the matter submitted is one which concerns the public.
The fact that public affairs are controlled by majorities is probably the basis of the above rule, although the reason for the distinction therein contained is not altogether clear.
The purchase by a municipality, under authority and direction of the legislature of the state, of a water supply system, and the determination of the price to be paid for an existing plant are matters of public concern.
There is a distinction between an arbitration and an appraisal of value, and although arbitrators may not independently take testimony as to disputed facts, appraisers may, as in this case, properly examine books and papers relating to the property, in the absence of counsel, without being guilty of misconduct; and, in the absence of bad faith, such examination will not vitiate the award.
The legislature of a state may authorize a municipality to purchase a water system which extends beyond the city limits and to supply water to adjacent sections, and so held that the City of Omaha has such right, and that an appraisal of a water system is not bad, and hence not binding on the city, because it includes the entire system, parts of which are beyond the city limits.
There is a presumption against an intent to dismember a complete waterworks system, and an ordinance to purchase such a system will not be construed as requiring such dismemberment, even if the city had no power to use certain portions of the system.
Cost of duplication, less depreciation, of a water system, is less than the commercial value of the system as a going concern, and, even though the value of the unexpired franchise be expressly excluded from the appraisal, where the parties contemplate the purchase of a complete water system in operation, a reasonable amount should be included in the appraisal for the "going value" over the value of the physical properties.
A transaction of great magnitude such as the purchase by a city of a water supply system will not be defeated because of minor obstacles, and if the deed tendered includes a few properties to which title is not perfect or if there are incumbrances on the properties, the court can bring the proper parties in and the deed can be modified and interests protected so as to carry out, and not defeat, the transaction.
"The City of Omaha shall have the right at any time after the expiration of twenty years to purchase the said waterworks at an appraised valuation, which shall be ascertained by the estimate of three engineers, one to be selected by the city council, one by the waterworks company, and these two to select the third: Provided, That nothing shall be paid for the unexpired franchise of said company."
In 1903, the city elected to exercise this option, and a board of appraisers was appointed, one by each of the parties and a third by the two so selected. This board of appraisers organized and proceeded to take evidence, and, after considering the matter for about three years, made an appraisement, fixing the value of the system at $6,263,295.49. The appraiser appointed by the city did not concur. The city rejected the award. Whereupon the company filed this bill, which, upon final hearing, was dismissed upon the sole ground of misconduct of the appraisers, other objections not being passed upon. Upon appeal, this decree was reversed and the cause remanded for a decree in pursuance of the opinion of the appellate court. 162 F. 232.
The case is here upon a writ of certiorari allowed at a former term.
Three major objections have been urged against the appraisement. First, that it was not concurred in by all, second, that the appraisers heard certain evidence without notice or giving the city an opportunity to hear or rebut, and, third, that the property valued includes a distributing system beyond the corporate limits of Omaha, by which certain suburban villages are supplied, and that to that extent the city made no contract to buy, and, if it did, had no power to do so.
submission. Why this distinction should exist is not altogether clear. In both instances, the persons to whom the submission is made are acting under a power, and must stay within it. The reason probably lies in the fact that public affairs are controlled by majorities, and, by analogy, a majority should control when the submission is a matter which concerns the public. But, whatever the reason, so are the authorities. Colombia v. Cauca Co., 190 U. S. 524; People ex Rel. Washington v. Nichols, 52 N.Y. 478; Wheeling Gas Co. v. Wheeling, 8 W.Va. 320; Griffindley v. Barker, 1 Bos. & Pul. 229.
The construction and acquisition of a system of water supply and distribution was a public municipal function. The Nebraska Legislature, in 1903, went so far as to require municipal ownership of a water supply system in the City of Omaha, and that this should be accomplished either by construction or by the purchase of the existing system. The city, in compliance with and in the exercise of the power conferred when the existing plant was constructed, elected to purchase the existing system under the ordinance of 1880 and the power therein reserved. That in such circumstances the determination of the price to be paid by a submission was a matter of public concern is too clear for argument. The cases cited above cover the point. The appraisal was not, therefore, defeated because not concurred in by all.
The distinction suggested by counsel, that the authority for the submission must come from the public, if there be anything of substance in it, does not prevent the operation of the rule here, for the purchase upon a valuation settled by appraisers was in the ordinance of the city, in pursuance of legislative authority, and, in a very true sense, was an authority to submit to appraisers which came from the public.
to reply, and that this was such misconduct as to vitiate the valuation. As already hinted, this was not a board of arbitrators. An arbitration implies a difference, a dispute, and involves ordinarily a hearing and all thereby implied. The right to notice of hearings, to produce evidence and cross-examine that produced, is implied when the matter to be decided is one of dispute and difference. But when, as here, the parties had agreed that one should sell and the other buy a specific thing, and the price should be a valuation fixed by persons agreed upon, it cannot be said that there was any dispute or difference. Such an arrangement precludes or prevents difference, and is not intended to settle any which has arisen. This seems to be the distinction between an arbitration and an appraisement, though the first term is often used when the other is more appropriate.
Counsel have cited and pressed upon us the case of Continental Ins. Co. v. Garrett, 125 F. 589, as a case where an appraisement of a fire loss was set aside because evidence was heard in the absence of the parties. But that was a case where the full amount of the insurance was claimed as the extent of the loss. This was denied. It was therefore a plain case of the submission of a dispute or difference which had to be adjusted. The rule applicable to a judicial proceeding therefore applied. It was in fact an arbitration, though the arbitrators were called appraisers. The dispute concerned the thing which had been destroyed, the value of something which was not to be inspected and valued from observation, because it was not in existence. Evidence was therefore essential to show what had been destroyed as well as its value. The case is wholly unlike the one here presented.
and thereupon they agree that the matter shall be referred to his arbitration, that would appear to be an 'arbitration,' in the proper sense of the term, and within the meaning of the act; but if they agree to a price to be fixed by another, that does not appear to me to be an arbitration."
of the property, and that said testimony should not be conclusive upon this board, but simply for its advice and information in the matter. It is not the opinion of the City of Omaha that it would be proper or necessary to call expert witnesses as to the value, since the members of the board have been selected as experts [to] whose judgment the question of value must be submitted upon the examination of the property."
Counsel for the water company appear to have fully concurred in this view of the function of the board.
counsel that much time would be necessary to reach a conclusion; that the real work of valuation had been but begun, and that "much more information must be sought by this board."
There is not the slightest evidence in the record of partiality, bad motive, or misconduct affecting the action of the board. Its members appear to have been gentlemen of high character, professionally and otherwise, and if their conclusion is to be set aside, it must be because they deemed it within their power to have a confidential examination made of the books of the company to assist them in arriving at a valuation.
If this was a technical arbitration of a matter of dispute or difference between the parties, to be heard and decided upon evidence submitted, the examination of the company's books without the consent of the city or the presence of its representatives would be such misconduct as would vitiate the award. In such a matter, the rules relating to judicial inquiry would apply. Continental Ins. Co. v. Garrett,125 F. 589, and cases cited. But in an appraisement, such as that here involved, the strict rules relating to arbitration and awards do not apply, and the appraisers were not rigidly required to confine themselves either to matters within their own knowledge, or those submitted to them formally in the presence of the parties, but might reject, if they saw fit, evidence so submitted, and inform themselves from any other source, as experts who were at last to act upon their own judgment. Kelly v. Crawford, 5 Wall. 785, 72 U. S. 790; Railway Co. v. Moore, 64 Pa. 79, 91; Palmer v. Clark, 106 Mass. 373, 389; M. E. Church v. Seitz, 74 Cal. 287; Curry v. Lackey, 35 Mo. 394.
In the absence of any evidence of actual bad faith, we do not hesitate about agreeing with the circuit court of appeals in the conclusion that there was no such misconduct as to vitiate the valuation.
3. The next contention is that the valuation includes property not within the submission, and which the city did not have power to buy. The point from which the water wax taken by the existing water plant was beyond the corporate limits of Omaha. In the immediate suburbs of the city, there are several villages outside the corporate limits. The distributing system of the Omaha Water Company has, from time to time, been extended to these outlying suburban towns. It is now said that the appraisers have valued these outlying distributing systems as a part of the plant to be acquired by the city under the ordinance electing to purchase.
As to the power of the city: the charter, § 61, Laws of Nebraska, 1887, c. 10, provided for the construction and maintenance of waterworks "either within or without the corporate limits of the city." This is said to only allow the location of pumping works or source of supply outside the city. The city does not, therefore, object to valuing the supply station and mains extending to the city as within the contemplated purchase. But it is said that the authority is limited to a distributing system wholly within the corporate limits. That the primary purpose was to supply the people of Omaha with water for public and private purposes is clear. But does that forbid that those who live outside may not be also supplied from the main plant, and, if necessary, by such extensions, not inconsistent with the primary object, as may prove desirable as suburbs grow up around the city?
machinery, pipes, mains, hydrants, basins, reservoirs, and all appurtenances reasonably necessary thereto, and a part of or connected with said system, plant, or property, and franchises to own and operate the same, if any."
This was again supplemented by the act of 1903, chapter 12, providing a method of procedure for acquiring municipal water plants and the creation of a water board for their control and management, being the act under which the city was required to take steps to acquire its own water plant system. Again, by the act of 1907, chapter 12a, it is among other things, provided by § 242, that the water board may contract with any municipality adjacent to said city to supply such municipality with water for domestic, mechanical, public, or fire purposes -- a provision plainly contemplating just such a condition as would ensue if the city should acquire the existing system of works with a distributing system extending to villages adjacent. The review of the legislation touching the power of the city, and the conclusion of the circuit court of appeals from that legislation, that the city had the power to acquire the system as it existed, and has the power to operate so much of it as is intended to supply the suburban towns adjacent which may be acquired, is full and satisfactory, and meets our approval.
of supply and common main connections therewith. Its dismemberment is not to be thought of unless it is clear that the ordinance exercising the option is so plainly limited to the purchase of only so much of the distributing system as lay wholly within the corporate limits as to admit of no other meaning. A presumption against dismemberment is not overthrown even if the city had no power to sell water to people or municipalities beyond its limits. If these outside distributing pipes could not be lawfully used by the city for the purpose for which the water company had used them, it does not follow that a contract to buy would be thereby any the less a contract to buy the plant as a unitary system. Aside from contract obligation which may pass with the plant, the city might cut off the supply of water to such outlying environs, if it saw fit, whether it could or could not legally supply water through the distributing pipes which had theretofore reached them. Certain it is that as the several towns adjacent had no source of supply, no pumping station of their own, disintegration would leave the water company with no means of supplying them with water. The distributing pipes under ground would, separated from the ownership of the pumping station, reservoir, filling or settling basins, necessarily lose much of the value which attached to them as a part of a going plant.
by continuous streets and car lines, they made one large community, and constituted greater Omaha. The water company, as was obviously expected from the beginning, expanded with Omaha, and met the public necessities by including these outside populations within its distributing system.
The appraisers, in making their estimate of valuation, included $562,712.45 for the "going value." This separation of an element contributing to the value of each tangible part was done because required to be done under an order made in the circuit court in a suit in which the water board of the City of Omaha was complainant and the members of the board of appraisers and the water company were defendants. The object of that suit was to instruct the appraisers in respect to the mode and manner in which they should proceed. An order resulted which required the board to report the separate elements making up the aggregate value of the plant.
commercial value of the business as a going concern, is evident. Such an allowance was upheld in National Waterworks Co. v. Kansas City, 62 F. 853, where the opinion was by Mr. Justice Brewer. We can add nothing to the reasoning of the learned Justice, and shall not try to. That case has been approved and followed in Gloucester Water Supply Co. v. Gloucester, 179 Mass. 365, and Norwich Gas & Electric Co. v. Norwich, 76 Conn. 565. No such question was considered in either Knoxville v. Knoxville Water Co., 212 U. S. 1, or in Willcox v. Consolidated Gas Co. supra. Both cases were rate cases, and did not concern the ascertainment of value under contracts of sale.
appraised separately, and it can be excluded from the sale, and the trial court can determine whether the title to other properties is defective. It is not necessary that the title of the company to all the lands upon which its works are built or through which its pipes are laid should be a fee simple, perfect in every particular and subject to no criticism. An irrevocable license, for instance, would be sufficient, or a title based upon prescription. If, however, there should be found substantial defects, opportunity should be given the company to remedy them, and if it is unable to do so, the parts of the property so circumstanced can be valued and the purchase price abated accordingly. It would be expressing too narrow a view to say that an appraisal of a great system of waterworks under a contract of purchase must fail because the title to a small part, not vital to the integrity of the system, was afterwards found to be defective. That the deed tendered by the company was not such as the city was required to take is immaterial. It is sufficient that the company was able, ready, and willing to do what might lawfully fully be required of it. At some time during the progress of the cause in the trial court, the trustees of the mortgages should be made parties, to the end that the precise amount of outstanding bonds may be ascertained and paid, and the liens discharged concurrently with payment by the city of the purchase price. Doubtless the company will have to use the proceeds of sale in paying its mortgage indebtedness. Or, if an arrangement is desired, such as was made in the Kansas City case, whereby the mortgages are assumed by the city, and the company released from liability, the presence in the case of the trustees would facilitate it."
"The decree is reversed and the cause is remanded with direction to proceed to decree in accordance with the views expressed in this opinion."
more than to hold that we find no error in the decree of the circuit court of appeals, and to remand the case to the circuit court, to be proceeded with accordingly.


Because of its volatility, the stock market is an absolutely horrid place to be during the accumulation stage. For someone desiring very early retirement, you either get lucky or you fail. I prefer to eliminate luck as a consideration to the greatest extent possible. Since the volatility of the equities markets can create extended period of low returns, an equity heavy approach in the short accumulation period allowed to early retirees, is a pure crapshoot. LBYM, diversification and the use of investment approaches that involve real estate are advised.
1. Because of the volatility of the stock market, that makes it the absolute BEST place to be during the accumulation phase and after too.
2. There is NO luck involved IF the FIRE wannabe is thinking long term. If you think short-term (like most on this board) then I guess you can talk about luck. And...you won't get to FIRE...at least not at a young age.
3. Serious FIRE wannabees would do best to AVOID real estate like the plague. RE is best treated as an EXPENSE by smart FIRE wannabes. RE can be used to diversify a large FIRE portfolio for those who need to have a "job" during FIRE.


A single goal by Martin Holland in the first half was enough to seal the points for Bedford against Langford on a damp Tuesday evening at McMullen Park.
The hosts edged the game and just about deserved to win, if only on chances created in the first half. The match itself was am untidy affair, which ended with tempers flaring, players from both sides lucky not to receive further sanctions from the officials.
The best of the football came in the opening 20 minutes, with both sides trying to push forward, but chances were scarce, until Bedford began to dominate. Holland shot wide from a good position, and then McGrath was just wide with a fierce shot from 30 yards out.
Holland almost doubled the lead with a point blank header from a clever curling free kick, which Fordham kept out with a fine save.
Although play was more open in the second half, Langford failed to create many chances, and when openings did appear, the final ball was poor. Bedford did create chances, with Holland shooting wide, and Fordham making two brave saves, to keep the score down.
Langford's visit Harefield United in SSML Division One on Saturday.
Langford: Kieran Fordham, Karl Dean, Lewis Sinclair, James Lamptey, Michael Payne (capt), Adam Brown, Lewis Croucher, Joe Zungvzah, Harry Orr, Jack Edwards, Sean Mboto.
Subs: Nico Ciaran holt (used). Ethan Draper (used), Danny Bacon (used), Jed Wheeler, James Tizard.


text:
URMC / Eastman Institute for Oral Health / Word of Mouth / September 2014 / URMC Mourns Passing of EIOH Orthodontics Chair Dr. J. Daniel Subtelny
URMC Mourns Passing of EIOH Orthodontics Chair Dr. J. Daniel Subtelny
J. Daniel Subtelny, DDS, a pioneer in the field of craniofacial orthodontics and longtime chair and faculty member at URMC's Eastman Institute for Oral Health, passed away Sept. 17 at the age of 92.
His esteemed 60-year career and dedication to orthodontics, Eastman Dental and his students are unparalleled. Widely regarded as one of the world's foremost educators in orthodontics, he founded the Cleft Palate Team at the Eastman Dental Dispensary and incorporated the diagnosis and treatment of patients with craniofacial anomalies into his orthodontic curriculum. Many other orthodontic programs around the world followed suit.
"Dr. Subtelny's influence and impact on the profession and his students are immeasurable," said Eli Eliav, DMD, PhD, director, Eastman Institute for Oral Health. "His passing leaves a permanent void, but his legacy will live indefinitely."
Hundreds have benefited from his teaching style and leadership. Widely known and admired for the Hot Seat, a series of highly stressful classes where one resident takes direct questions from him for hours about every aspect of orthodontics. Many credit the Hot Seat experience for building confidence, knowledge and leadership unlike any other.
"Hot Seat makes you aware that you don't know it all and that there is more than one way to approach a problem," said Michael Spoon, DDS (Ortho '91). "What Dr. Subtelny uniquely contributed is an historical perspective and knowledge base that is shared by almost no one else. You won't find what he knows in Pub Med or on the internet."
"Hot Seat is about how you should look at things—it's about how to make things happen effectively or how to prevent them from happening," said Jeremiah Juson, DMD (Ortho '13). "It is a learning experience that I will be proud to pass on to the next generation."
"The extensive knowledge and the positive effectiveness of Dr. Subtelny's leadership as a teacher is exceptional," said Len Fishman, DDS (Pedo '59, Ortho '61).
Edward Sommers, DMD (Ortho '78) added that Dr. Subtelny's tremendous love and passion for orthodontics strongly influenced the alumni, faculty and residents to have the same love and passion. "He continually gave residents the stimulation and ability to learn and improve over the course of their careers and lifetime," he said. "He can never be replaced."
Dr. Subtelny hosted a holiday party each year in his home for the residents, and always took the time to get to know them and their families beyond the classroom. "He taught so much more than orthodontics," said Cristina Incorvati, DDS, (Ortho '93), a sentiment shared by many. "He taught me how to pursue my goals with great passion, energy and perseverance."
"We have lost a teacher, a mentor and a friend," said Natalie Parisi, DDS, (Ortho '95) "He will be greatly missed but never forgotten. Of all the things he taught me, possibly the most important was to enjoy life with vigor."
In 2000 the Eastman Orthodontic Alumni Association and the University of Rochester established the J. Daniel Subtelny Endowed Chair and Professorship to preserve his educational legacy. This professorship will not only serve as a legacy for Dr. Subtelny, but will recognize the achievements of future EIOH Orthodontic Department Chairs and provide vital financial support to assist them with the division's educational and research programs into perpetuity.
In 1997, the Orthodontic clinic at Eastman Dental was renovated and named in his honor. The same day, the Mayor of Rochester, NY, and the Monroe County Executive presented him with a Joint Proclamation stating that June 20, 1997, be named the J. Daniel Subtelny Day. This was in recognition for his years of treatment of children with craniofacial needs.
Subtelny is the only individual to date to have received all four of the following highest honors in the orthodontic profession:
• American Association of Orthodontists' research honor, the Milo Hellman Award (1959)
• American Association of Orthodontists' honor for teaching, the Louise Ada Jarabek Memorial International Orthodontic Teachers and Research Award (1993)
• American Board of Orthodontics – Albert H. Ketcham Memorial Award (1996)
• AAO's James E. Brophy Distinguished Service Award (2006).
He was also presented the New York State Dental Association's highest honor, the Jarvie-Burkhart Award, in recognition of the great service rendered to mankind in dentistry.
He has lectured on six continents, trained hundreds of orthodontic graduate students, published 70 peer reviewed scientific papers, several book chapters and wrote a text book titled Early Orthodontic Treatment.
Throughout his career, Dr. Subtelny served as president of the American Cleft Palate Association, the International Society of Craniofacial Biology, and the American Board of Orthodontics. He is also a Diplomat of the American Board of Orthodontics, a Fellow of the International College of Dentists, a Fellow of the American College of Dentists, and a founding member of the North-Atlantic component of the Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists.
He served on many editorial review boards including the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, the Journal of the Angle Orthodontist, and the American Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal.
He has also been recognized by the American Cleft Palate Association for his distinguished service, and the University of Pennsylvania School of Dentistry honored him with a distinguished Alumni Award in 1997. In 1999, he received an honorary doctorate degree from the University of Athens. The American Association of Orthodontists also named its 2006 education conference in Subtelny's honor.
Subtelny graduated from the University of Pennsylvania School of Dentistry earning a Doctor of Dental Surgery degree. He received his orthodontic certificate and Master of Science degree from the University of Illinois.
Predeceased by his wife, Dr. Joanne Subtelny and brother, Dr. Michael Subtelny, Dr. Subtelny is survived by his children, Dr. Gregory Dan Subtelny and Alysa Subtelny Plummer; grandchildren, Benjamin Joseph and Ty Daniel Lantz-Subtelny; brother, Stephen (Ann) Subtelny; numerous nieces and nephews; and his special family at the Eastman Institute for Oral Health.
Friends may call Friday, Sept. 26, 4-7 p.m. at the Anthony Chapel, 2305 Monroe Ave. A memorial service will be held Saturday, Sept. 27, 10 a.m. at Christ Episcopal Church, 36 South Main St., Pittsford, NY 14534. Interment will be private. In lieu of flowers, contributions may be made to American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, 1504 East Franklin St., Suite 102, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 or the J. Daniel Subtelny Endowment Fund, EIOH Office of Advancement, PO Box 278996, Rochester, NY 14627-9006.
A Fitting Tribute to a Man with a Perfect Smile
Parents Grateful for Cleft Team, Donor Support
Mom is Happy Cleft Lip Care for Baby is Better than She Had
Former Eastman Dental Patient A Finalist on So You Think You Can Dance?
Tag: Eastman Tag: Dental Tag: brushing Tag: Subtelny Tag: Palate Tag: Lip Tag: Cleft Tag: and Tag: Orthodontics Tag: teeth Tag: Oral Tag: Institute Tag: Health Tag: for


News and reviews for Windows Mobile Pocket PC, Palm, Microsoft Smartphones and Symbian cell phones.
Stay in Touch with Today PDA news!
Recent articles about popular Smartphone, Pocket PC software and freeware.


We've already met New York City's so-called taxi of the future, the Nissan NV200. However, there's a dark horse contender for the position: VPG's MV-1. The issue at hand: wheelchair accessibility.
A little background: The New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission decided last year that it was going with Nissan to build the next generation of taxis for the city. However, at the same time, widespread dissatisfaction with the city's wheelchair-accessible taxis was boiling over because of stories like this one.
The city was sued over the scarcity of taxis for the disabled, and last December a judge ruled that the Commission failed to meet the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in picking Nissan. The Commission now has to come up with a plan to address the needs of wheelchair users.
VPG wants the MV-1 to be the solution. The SUV-like vehicle prioritizes wheelchair access but still has enough room for four people and the driver in addition to a wheelchair passenger. A ramp extends from the side either manually or via motorized lift (see video below), letting wheelchair users ride in from the curb.
The first MV-1 hit the road in October. The City is currently testing a couple of dozen of them to see how they work in the fleet, company reps say. The MV-1 exceeds the requirements of the ADA, is still comfortable for everyday people, and offers a relatively green compressed natural gas fuel system as an option, so VPG has high hopes it could actually usurp Nissan as New York's future taxi of choice.
That's probably a long shot, but it does have the home-field advantage: VPG is based in Florida, and the cars are made in the U.S.A.
The multipurpose vehicle comes in two versions: The standard one with manual ramp that is the basis of the NYC cab ($39,950), and a luxury version with leather seats and the motorized ramp that's targeted at individuals ($41,950).
Do you think the MV-1 should be New York's taxi of the future? What about other cities? Sound off in the comments.
VPG says its VM-1 multipurpose vehicle exceeds requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act and hopes it finds a place in New York City's next-generation taxi fleet.
The ramp only extends from the right side in the current version, but the company has a design in the works that will allow the ramp to extend from either side.
The interior of the MV-1 can accommodate up to six people: a driver, a wheelchair passenger, and four other people.
The luxury MV-1 comes with a motorized ramp standard as well as leather seats.


So we're now in the laboratory of Dr.
Iftach Yacoby, one of the young researchers at Tel Aviv University.
And as I said Iftach is an expert on photosynthesis.
So Iftach, can you tell us, what are these green things that we have growing here?
We need a model that can grow fast and is very easy to maintain.
And this model organism is microalgae.
So unlike higher plants, it doesn't live on terrestrial land.
It lives only in liquid solutions.
You can find them in ponds, sea, you can find them anywhere.
Anything that becomes green suddenly most probably it's microalgae.
which is quite similar to those of higher plants.
we can do very fast experiments when we have questions about photosynthesis.
about photosynthesis we learned that we started with unicellular organisms.
is it essentially the same as in higher plants?
>> It actually is the same in higher plants.
>> So can you show us what type of experiments you do with these organisms?
>> Sure, let's take them upstairs and measure them in our equipment.
>> Iftach, in today's lecture we learned a couple things about photosynthesis.
that the amount of oxygen that's produced is dependent on light.
apparatus you get an electron flow.
the machines in your lab?
So we designed two experiments that we are going to see today.
we will see how light intensity affects the yield of oxygen production as you say.
we will use a chemical that specifically blocks photosynthesis two.
what it does, to the photosynthetic electron current.
And all of that, is only by monitoring the oxygen production.
>> You can monitor actually the oxygen that is produced by these algae?
>> We monitor that in the real time.
So, we have here, a mass spectrometer.
it can smell small gas molecules.
>> [SOUND] >> Yeah, okay.
And we have actually a sniffer here.
that sniffer is embedded inside a cuvette that contains those algae.
we can observe how the rate of oxygen depends on that.
see a low rate, and if we do not have a light at all we will see respiration.
The oxygen won't stay steady.
It will go down because of respiration.
>> And all that in this little thing here?
a vacuum that you can find in outer space.
he will show us the experiment.
can you describe what O'ded's doing as his preparing the experiment?
>> So O'ded is now taking the algae.
then he pours that to fill the cuvette completely.
We can't have any air inside.
>> That's the part that's going to go into the experimental chamber.
or the sniffer, we call it, inside the cuvette.
And then we fill that hermetically, so cannot [INAUDIBLE].
>> So actually we do not have any headspace of gas here.
going into the mass spectrometer.
>> And what about the light?
>> So now he's inserting the light as you can see.
Is that a very strong light source?
>> Yeah, it can go up to the same intensity as light.
We call it, we measure light in.
>> Intensity of the sun.
>> Sorry? >> Intensity of the sun.
so the intensity of light is microeinstein and sunlight is 2000 microeinsteins.
>> All right, so let me see if I get this correctly.
Here where it's black, that's where it was in the dark?
the slope is going up a little bit, what does that mean?
>> Because we have a very low light intensity.
>> And so, what's the increase here?
>> We actually see the oxygen accumulation in real time.
>> Now we switch on the light even higher by intensity.
there's a lot of oxygen being formed.
>> You can see that.
One picture equals a thousand words.
and you can see how much more photosynthesis is going on.
we can measure exactly what is the rate of the oxygen production.
if I block the flow of electrons, can you still get the oxygen being formed?
>> So now how can we see what would happen if we would stop the electron transport?
>> So that exactly what is going to do.
block immediately the oxygen production by photosystem two.
So when he injects, the oxygen will go up.
then immediately it will go down.
So you see what's going on.
>> So the lights are still on right now.
>> Yeah, it's still on, you can see that.
>> And even though the light's on, we've stopped electron transport?
>> And then no oxygen can be formed anymore.
So we have here only respiration now.
the oxygen can't be evolved from the water?


text:
THE GOOD FORTUNE OF 'WHEEL'
By HOWARD ROSENBERG
"Stay tuned," says the announcer, "for all the excitement on 'Wheel of Fortune.' "
Curious thing, though. There is no excitement on TV's most popular syndicated show, a half-hour seen in 182 markets constituting a whopping 98.6% of the nation and attracting a peak audience of more than 40 million earlier this year.
Although the nighttime "Wheel of Fortune" (7 p.m. on KCOP Channel 13) rolls over the opposition in most cities and has sparked bidding wars among some stations, it offers no big stars or gimmicks or suspense or challenges or big laughs. Nor is there any other compelling reason to watch this astoundingly successful and bland program whose national audience far exceeds such other syndicated biggies as "MASH" and "Three's Company" reruns, "Jeopardy," "PM Magazine," "Entertainment Tonight," "People's Court" and even the big lipper himself, Richard Dawson, and his "Family Feud."
"Wheel" nearly doubles the ratings of its nearest competitor, "MASH," and tops all audience demographic categories, except males 18 to 49. And what do they know anyway?
"Wheel of Fortune" is the Lawrence Welk of game shows, still a corny polka after all these years, an NBC daytime entry in 1975 that exploded in the ratings after being cloned for nighttime and sold to individual stations in 1983.
Distributed by King World, "Wheel of Fortune" is another game-show creation of Merv Griffin, who patterned it after the Hangman game he played as a kid. No particular skill is involved. Contestants are asked to fill in the blank letters to word puzzles that usually turn out to be famous people and things, or cliches ("life of the party," "time of your life" and so on). They spin a giant roulette wheel to determine how much money (up to $5,000) they'll be allotted for winning. They use the money to buy prizes ranging from autos and posh vacation trips to things more modest ("I'll take the TV trays, please"). Whoopee.
The biggest puzzle is not the game, but why the game is so popular. It's unimaginative and undemanding, and perhaps that's the ticket.
TV audiences seem to crave simplicity as a release from reality. So what if the world you faced today was increasingly complex and fragile, ready either to explode or shatter? So what if the rat race was rattier and the frustrations larger than ever?
Tonight we'll spin the wheel with Pat and Vanna, fill in the blanks and vicariously pick up the prizes.
Oh, yes, Pat Sajak is the host and Vanna White the hostess of "Wheel of Fortune." They are scoops of vanilla, metaphors for game shows present and past, the quintessential pairing of the affable white male major-domo and the alluring white female minor-domo.
With few exceptions, the white-male-run TV industry continues to recoil from non-white and female authority figures. Throughout American game showdom, for example, there has been only one black host, the singing Adam Wade, who presided over the short-lived "Musical Chairs" on CBS in 1975.
There also have been scant female hosts, a particular irony because the audience for daytime game shows has always been predominantly female. Game-show females instead have been ghettoized, irrevocably cast as the speechless "lovely assistant"--even Gypsy Rose Lee once had that job on a game series--who operates on the edges of the show.
The true breakthrough game show will have a female asking the questions and a male opening the refrigerator doors in a sequined suit. Fat chance.
Sajak, meanwhile, is your basic, pleasingly benign, seamless and comfortable host, a former KNBC weathercaster who is smooth but not slick, earnest but not unctuous, witty but not riotous. The target of satirist Martin Short's hilarious jokes on "Saturday Night Live," Sajak was born to host.
White is such a hot dish in some lusting eyes that the San Francisco station that airs "Wheel of Fortune" made her its guest weathercaster on the news when she was in town for a syndicated programming convention. The station promoted her as if she were Dolly Parton arriving on an elephant.
On "Wheel of Fortune," however, her duties are limited to flipping over letter cards, applauding for contestants and engaging in snappy show-ending patter with Sajak.
Pat: Have a good time?
Vanna: Yes.
Pat: Good. We'll have more of the same next time.
Vanna: On "Wheel of Fortune."
You could safely assume, then, that America doesn't tune in to "Wheel of Fortune" to hear the repartee. Why does America tune in? It doesn't really matter, does it?
I'll take the TV trays, please.


text:
Portsmouth Parish, Norfolk County, Virginia Genealogy
(Redirected from Portsmouth Parish, Virginia)
Portsmouth Parish
1.1 Founded
2.1 Parish History
2.2 Parish Records
Portsmouth Parish has served Norfolk County, Virginia.
Founded[edit | edit source]
1761 from Elizabeth River Parish[1]. The parish church was named Trinity Church.[2]
Meade's 1861 history of Portsmouth Parish is available online.[3]
Parish Records[edit | edit source]
Colonial parish registers do not survive.
Trinity Episcopal Church (official website)
Trinity Church Marker, The Historical Marker Database
↑ Freddie Spradlin, "Parishes of Virginia," VAGenWeb, accessed 29 January 2011; Hening's Statutes at Large; Emily J. Salmon and Edward D.C. Campbell Jr., The Hornbook of Virginia History (Richmond: Library of Virginia, 1994).
↑ Edward W. James, "Trinity Church, Portsmouth," The Lower Norfolk County, Virginia Antiquary, Vol. 4, Part 2 (1902):72-74. Digital version at Google Books - free.
↑ William Meade, Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott and Co., 1861). Digital versions at Internet Archive: Vol. I and Vol. II.
Retrieved from "https://www-a3.familysearch.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Portsmouth_Parish,_Norfolk_County,_Virginia_Genealogy&oldid=3532582"
Norfolk County, Virginia
This page has been viewed 801 times (337 via redirect)


text:
Oral literature or folk literature corresponds in the sphere of the spoken (oral) word to literature as literature operates in the domain of the written word. There is no standard definition as folklorists have varying descriptions for oral literature or folk literature but a broad conceptualization refers to it as literature characterized by oral transmission and the absence of any fixed form.[1]
Pre-literate societies, by definition, have no written literature, but may possess rich and varied oral traditions—such as folk epics, folklore, proverbs and folksong—that effectively constitute an oral literature. Even when these are collected and published by scholars such as folklorists and paremiographers, the result is still often referred to as "oral literature". The different genres of oral literature pose classification challenges to scholars because of cultural dynamism in the modern digital age. [2]
Literate societies may continue an oral tradition — particularly within the family (for example bedtime stories) or informal social structures. The telling of urban legends may be considered an example of oral literature, as can jokes and also oral poetry including slam poetry which has been a televised feature on Russell Simmons' Def Poetry; performance poetry is a genre of poetry that consciously shuns the written form.[3]
Oral literatures forms a generally more fundamental component of culture, but operates in many ways as one might expect literature to do. The Ugandan scholar Pio Zirimu introduced the term orature in an attempt to avoid an oxymoron, but oral literature remains more common both in academic and popular writing.[4] The Encyclopaedia of African Literature, edited by Simon Gikandi (Routledge, 2003), gives this definition: "Orature means something passed on through the spoken word, and because it is based on the spoken language it comes to life only in a living community. Where community life fades away, orality loses its function and dies. It needs people in a living social setting: it needs life itself."
In Songs and Politics in Eastern Africa, edited by Kimani Njogu and Hervé Maupeu (2007), it is stated (page 204) that Zirimu, who coined the term, defines orature as "the use of utterance as an aesthetic means of expression" (as quoted by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, 1988). According to the book Defining New Idioms and Alternative Forms of Expression, edited by Eckhard Breitinger (Rodopi, 1996, page 78): "This means that any 'oral society' had to develop means to make the spoken word last, at least for a while. We tend to regard all the genres of orature as belonging to the homogeneous complex of folklore."
Building on Zirimu's orature concept, Mbube Nwi-Akeeri explained that Western theories cannot effectively capture and explain oral literature, particularly those indigenous to regions such as Africa. The reason is that there are elements to oral traditions in these places that cannot be captured by words such as existence of gestures, dance, and the interaction between the storyteller and the audience.[5] According to Nwi-Akeeri, oral literature is not only a narrative but also a performance.
History of oral literatureEdit
Lore is seen in societies with vigorous oral conveyance practices to be a general term inclusive of both oral literature and any written literature, including sophisticated writings, as well, potentially, as visual and performance arts which may interact with these forms, extend their expression, or offer additional expressive media. Thus even where no phrase in local language which exactly translates "oral literature" is used, what constitutes "oral literature" as understood today is already understood to be part or all of the lore media with which a society conducts profound and common cultural affairs among its members, orally. In this sense, oral lore is an ancient practice and concept natural to the earliest storied communications and transmissions of bodies of knowledge and culture in verbal form near the dawn of language-based human societies, and 'oral literature' thus understood was putatively recognized in times prior to recordings of history in non-oral media including painting and writing.
Oral literature as a concept, after CE 19th century antecedents, was more widely circulated by Hector Munro Chadwick and Nora Kershaw Chadwick in their comparative work on the "growth of literature" (1932–40). In 1960, Albert B. Lord published The Singer of Tales (1960), which influentially examined fluidity in both ancient and later texts and "oral-formulaic" principles being used during composition-in-performance, particularly by contemporary Eastern European bards relating long traditional narratives.
From the 1970s, the term "Oral literature" appears in the work of both literary scholars and anthropologists: Finnegan (1970, 1977), Görög-Karady (1982), Bauman (1986) and in the articles of the journal Cahiers de Littérature Orale.[6]
Deaf cultureEdit
Although deaf people communicate manually rather than orally, their culture and traditions are considered in the same category as oral literature. Stories, jokes and poetry are passed on from person to person with no written medium.
Akyn
Archive of Turkish Oral Narrative
Ethnopoetics
Guslar
Hainteny
Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
National epic
Oral-formulaic composition
Orality
Patha
Seanachai
Yukar
World Oral Literature Project
Finnegan, Ruth (2012), Oral Literature in Africa. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. CC BY edition
Ong, Walter (1982), Orality and Literacy: the technologizing of the word. New York: Methuen Press.
Tsaaior, James Tar (2010), "Webbed words, masked meanings: Proverbiality and narrative/discursive strategies" in D. T. Niane's Sundiata: an epic of old Mali. Proverbium 27: 319-338.
Vansina, Jan (1978), "Oral Tradition, Oral History: Achievements and Perspectives", in B. Bernardi, C. Poni and A. Triulzi (eds), Fonti Orali, Oral Sources, Sources Orales. Milan: Franco Angeli, pp. 59–74.
Vansina, Jan (1961), Oral Tradition. A Study in Historical Methodology. Chicago and London: Aldine and Routledge & Kegan Paul.
World Oral Literature Project: voices of vanishing worlds, University of Cambridge
^ Eugenio, Damiana (2007). Philippine Folk Literature: An Anthology. Quezon City: The University of the Philippines Press. pp. xxiii. ISBN 9789715425360.
^ Kipchumba, Paul, Oral Literature of the Marakwet of Kenya, Nairobi: Kipchumba Foundation, 2016. ISBN 1973160064 ISBN 978-1973160069.
^ Sam Parker, "Three-minute poetry? It's all the rage", The Times, 16 December 2009.
^ Peter Auger, The Anthem Dictionary of Literary Terms and Theory, Anthem Press, 2010 ISBN 9780857286703, at p. 210, and Adrian Roscoe, Uhuru's Fire: African Literature East to South, CUP Archive, 1977 ISBN 9780521290890 at p. 9.
^ Nwi-Akeeri, Mbube (2017). "Oral Literature in Nigeria: A Search for Critical Theory" (PDF). Research Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies. 3. ISSN 2579-0528.
^ Barnard, Alan, and Jonathan Spencer, Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology (Taylor & Francis, 2002).
Look up orature in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Media related to Oral literature at Wikimedia Commons
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oral_literature&oldid=896613505"


We had a busy weekend, Sunday was Mike's birthday and Monday was our 13th wedding anniversary; our marriage is now a teenager. But instead of being moody and spending all it's time in the bathroom looking at itself in the mirror, our marriage is in a decidedly more even-keeled middle-age; juggling schedules and raising children.
We had Mike's parents, cousin and her husband here for the long-weekend. Mike's cousin hadn't been here since the year we got married and her husband had never even been to Medicine Hat, so it was nice to show off the city a bit to them. If you've never been up to the city look-out across from McCoy High School up in NE Crescent Heights, then you should definitely check it out. It gives a fantastic view of the city, and if you're lucky, like we were, you'll also see a few antelope up close. Unfortunately the weather was not that cooperative and the rain we had everyday prevented us from having a lot of outdoor fun. That didn't stop Mike's dad from doing a crazy amount of yard work and repairs around the house though, including assembling the girls' trampoline with the other two men out in the rain. It looks like we are in for rain all week, whatever happened to the Farmer's Almanac prediction of a cool and dry summer?
I saw that Target has a Ghost knock-off as well as another clear acrylic chair, if they would just hurry up and get their Canadian locations opened, I could maybe tolerate these instead. Now I'm going to have to comb Kijiji, eBay, furniture and thrift shops to try and find something I can live with that will also fit into our oddly shaped dining room. And don't even get me started on the living room furniture situation!