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HousingEconomics.com Home > Special Studies > Immigrant Workers in the Construction Labor Force
Immigrant Workers in the Construction Labor Force
Special Studies, February 3, 2015
NAHB Economics
Report available to the public as a courtesy of HousingEconomics.com
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As the housing industry gains momentum and the demand for workers increases, labor shortages quickly rise on the list of the top impediments to housing recovery. Our earlier research published in January this year shows that immigrants have been an important source of new recruits to the construction industry. The immigrant labor flow has been highly variable, adjusting quickly to the changing economic environment and moving in sync with the single- family construction business cycle.
This article examines the detailed 2013 American Community Survey (ACS) data to study what regions and construction occupations immigrants are concentrated in. The analysis shows that while foreign-born workers represent a substantial component of the US construction labor force, accounting for almost 23 percent, their share is even higher in construction trades, reaching 28 percent.
Concentration of immigrants is particularly high in some of the trades needed to build a home, like carpenters, painters, drywall/ceiling tile installers, brick masons, and construction laborers – trades that require less formal education but consistently register some of the highest labor shortages in the NAHB/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI) surveys and NAHB Remodeling Market Index (RMI).
In some states, reliance on foreign-born labor is even more pronounced. Immigrants comprise close to 41 percent of the construction workforce in California and close to 40 percent in Texas. In New York, 35 percent of the construction labor force are foreign-born and in Nevada, one in three construction industry workers come from abroad.
Data and Methodology
The construction immigrant labor research in this article is based on the American Community Survey (ACS) data. The ACS replaced the decennial Census long form and provides the same detailed data, including information about the country of origin, age, year of entry, industry and employment status of immigrants – but now on an annual basis. The ACS, however, does not gather information on the legal visa status of immigrants and only differentiates between naturalized citizens and not citizens of the United States. The NAHB estimates in this article include all workers of foreign born origin regardless of their citizenship status or date of entry into the United States.
The ACS surveys households rather than businesses and, consequently, covers self-employed workers. Counting self-employed is particularly important in the construction industry where they traditionally make up a larger share of the labor force.
The ACS does not report employment data separately for residential and nonresidential construction, but different types of construction can require similar skills and, therefore, often draw workers from the same labor pool. As a result, workers' movement between the residential and nonresidential is flexible for many trades.
As an annual survey, the ACS allows for tracking over time changes in the construction labor force. To analyze historical trends, NAHB Economics uses the 2004–2013 ACS Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS). To analyze the composition of the construction labor force, this research relies on the most recent 2013 ACS.
Where Construction Workers Come From
The 2004-2013 ACS data show that the aging US workforce grew more dependent on foreign born labor with its share rising from 14 percent in 2004 to 16 percent in 2013. The reliance of the construction industry on foreign born workers is even greater. Immigrants now account for 23 percent of the construction work force. Their share was rising rapidly during the housing boom years, when labor shortages were widespread and severe across construction trades. It increased from less than 20 percent in 2004 to almost 23 percent in 2007 (see Figure 1).
Even during the housing downturn the share of immigrants in construction remained relatively high, fluctuating around 22 percent. In 2013, as immigrants started to return to the construction industry, the share started to rise again, reaching almost 23 percent, the highest level since 2007.
The number of foreign-born workers in construction is now close to 2.3 million, this is still almost half a million immigrants fewer than in 2007. By comparison, close to 1.7 million native-born workers left the construction labor force during the housing downturn as their number declined from 9.4 million in 2006 to 7.7 million in 2011. 2013 became the first year since 2007 to register the rising number of immigrants in the construction labor force, while the number of native born workers still did not show any gains.
Figure 2 illustrates where immigrant construction workers come from. The majority, 53 percent, come from Mexico. An additional 31 percent come from other countries in the Americas. And even though the share of Mexican workers declined slightly since 2004, the increase in the share of immigrants from the rest of Americas offset the declining share of Mexico-born immigrants. Together, they account for almost 84 percent of the immigrant construction labor force. Europeans make up close to 9 percent, and an additional 7 percent come from Asia.
Characteristics of Immigrant Workers in the Construction Labor Force
The further analysis of the ACS data looks at characteristics of immigrant workers in construction attempting to understand why the construction industry attracts a high share of foreign born labor. The ACS data show that the construction industry relies heavily on labor that requires less formal education. As shown in Table 1, 21 percent of construction workers do not have a high school diploma and an additional third of the construction labor force did not study beyond high school. Immigrants who arrive to the United States to work in the construction industry are more likely to be drawn into lower skill trades since roughly half of them do not have a high school diploma and additional 27 percent did not study beyond high school. By comparison, only 13 percent of native born workers in the construction industry did not graduate from high school and more than half of them went to college. As a result, immigrants represent more than half of the lowest skill (no high school diploma required) construction labor force, while their overall share in the construction labor force is 23 percent.
The 2013 ACS data also show that the construction industry attracts younger immigrants with half of them age 39 and younger, while the median age of the native population in the construction labor force is 43. The median age of immigrants participating in the US labor force outside of construction is 42. Immigrants who arrived to the US since 2000 and joined the construction labor force are even younger with half of them under the age of 32 while the median age of newly arrived immigrants in the labor force outside of construction is 34.
Immigrants in Construction Trades
According to the government's system for classifying occupations, the construction industry employs workers in over 300 occupations. Out of these, only 32 are construction trades, but they account for more than two thirds of the construction labor force. The other third of workers are in finance, sales, administration and other off-site activities[1] .
Immigrants account for 28% of all workers in construction trades. Their presence is particularly large among construction occupations needed to build a home, such as carpenters, laborers, painters, roofers, brick masons, drywall/ceiling tile installers, etc. The two most prevalent construction occupations, laborers and carpenters, account for about 30 percent of the construction labor force. More than a third of all construction laborers and 28 percent of carpenters are of foreign born origin (see Table 2).
Table 2 shows that immigrants are concentrated in trades that do not require years of education. Immigrants account for almost half of drywall/ceiling tile installers and tapers, a trade where more than 43 percent of workers do not have a high school diploma. About 37 percent of all carpet/floor/tile installers and painters did not finish high school, immigrants account for 41 percent of workers in these occupations.
The trades with low presence of foreign born labor, such as construction and building inspectors, boilermakers, elevator installers, electricians, first-line supervisors – tend to recruit better educated workers. Only 5 percent of construction and building inspectors, less than 3 percent of elevator installers/repairers and 9 percent of electricians did not graduate from high school.
The construction occupations with the highest presence of immigrants are plasterers/stucco masons, drywall installers and roofers. The share of immigrants in these trades exceeds 59, 49 and 43 percent respectively. Between 43 and 47 percent of workers in these occupations do not have high school diploma.
Table 3 presents the top 15 most common non-construction trades in the building industry. The majority of them are management, office and sales occupations. These trades seem to recruit workers with more advanced education and higher skills as share of workers with no high school diploma in these trades is minimal (with the exception of drivers and welding/soldering/brazing workers). The immigrant presence in these trades looks less relevant. While the overall share of immigrants in the construction labor force is 23 percent, their share among construction and miscellaneous managers – the top two most common non-construction trades in the industry - is under 12 and 14 percent respectively, it goes further down to 9 percent among chief executives, and to 7 percent among general and operations managers.
The Census data, therefore, highlight that immigrants in the construction labor force are concentrated in trades that do not require years of education or advanced skills. It turns out these trades also tend to have more vacancies and labor shortages. According to NAHB's monthly HMI surveys, construction trades with the most consistent labor shortages are framing crews, carpenters and bricklayers. About 30 percent of surveyed builders were still reporting some shortages of labor in these trades in June 2012, even though the shortages were not nearly as severe as in the midst of the housing boom. Nine months later, in March 2013, reported labor shortages got worse across all trades but particularly among framing crews and carpenters, with more than a half of respondents reporting shortages of framing crews and carpenters-rough subcontractors. By June of 2014, 63 percent of builders reported shortages of labor for rough carpentry employed directly by their firms.
Immigrant Construction Workers across States
Traditionally, construction immigrants are concentrated in a few populous states, with more than half of all immigrant construction workers residing in California, Texas, New York, and Florida. These states are most reliant on foreign-born labor as from 30 to more than 40 percent of all construction industry workforce in these states come from abroad.
California takes the lead on the state list with 41 percent of its construction labor force coming from abroad (see the state map below). The foreign-born share is similarly high in Texas, reaching close to 40 percent. In New York, 35 percent of the construction work force is foreign-born, and in Florida the share exceeds 30 percent. In addition, New Jersey and District of Columbia register shares of immigrants in excess of 30 percent. In Nevada, one in three construction workers come from abroad.
However, the reliance on foreign born labor continues to spread outside of these traditional immigrant magnets. This is evident in states like Connecticut, Georgia, and Maryland, where immigrants, as of 2013, account for more than a quarter of the construction labor force.
While most states draw the majority of immigrant foreign born workers from the Americas, Hawaii relies more heavily on Asian immigrants. European immigrants are a significant source of construction labor in North East and Midwest (see Table 5).
The last column of Table 4 highlights the uneven losses in the construction labor force that took place across states since 2007. More than a third of all building industry workforce, native and foreign born workers included, left the industry in Nevada and Arizona. Losses of similar proportions took place in Florida and Utah where about 30 percent of all workers left the industry. All four states registered drastic declines in immigrant workers as part of the overall declines in the construction labor force. In Arizona, about half of all immigrant workers left the building industry. Nevada lost 43 percent of foreign born construction workers and Florida saw its construction immigrant labor pool shrink by a third.
While most states saw their construction work force shrink, the building industry of North and South Dakota, fueled by the local oil boom, and Alaska continued to absorb new workers through 2013 but largely native-born.
In summary, analysis of the 2013 ACS data highlights the significant presence of foreign born labor in the construction work force across the United States. They are concentrated in positions that require less formal education. The distribution of immigrant construction workers is not even across the US, with some states drawing more than a third of their construction workers from abroad. States that traditionally rely on foreign born labor but lost its significant share during the housing downturn are most likely to experience difficulties in filling out construction job vacancies once home building takes off.
[1]Note, that managers, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (NVACR) mechanics and installers are not included in the construction group.
For more information about this item, please contact Natalia Siniavskaia at 800-368-5242 x8441 or via email at nsiniavskaia@nahb.org.
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Marshall Mathers AKA Eminem AKA the most controversial rapper in hip hop dropped a surprise album, "Kamikaze," last night. It's definitely a must-listen.
"Tried not 2 overthink this 1 … enjoy,"he tweeted, announcing the release.
"Kamikaze" is the 42-year-old rapper's tenth studio album. As a fan, student and product of the culture, watching hip hop grow up has been funny, scary and painful. I remember when being a 40-year-old rapper was an insult. Now we see our middle-aged rappers enjoying the new luxury of aging fans that bless them with the ability to exist outside of industry standards, and I think that's the biggest difference between "Kamikaze" and his last effort. Though I thought "Revival" was good, as I admittedly enjoy most of Em's work, it still sounded like a studio album, whereas "Kamikaze" is pure hip hop. It's a project for the rapper's day-one fans.
On the opening track "Ringer," he gives a quick follow up to his Trump freestyle from last year, calling the president Agent Orange and rapping, "sent the Secret Service to meet in person / To see if I really think of hurtin' him / Or ask if I'm linked to terrorists." In addition to dissing Trump, he threw shots at Vice President Mike Pence and the new wave of tatted-poppy- cartoon rappers, including Lil Xan, Lil Yachty and Lil Pump. (No, they are not a group).
Eminem comes off hard on every "Kamikaze" track, his tangled flow as mesmerizing as ever. If you love old school Em, you're in for a treat. New fans can learn a lot as well, but I will say that the album deserves at least two or three listens, because he's dropping heavy content at lighting speed and some of the bars can easily go over your head on the first pass. I'm on my fourth listen and still discovering new metaphors and double entendres.
If you are a fan of the art, I highly recommend.


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$3 Million Verdict in Construction Zone Crash Injury Lawsuit Affirmed
Work zone crashes are an incredibly serious problem that continues to plague our Florida roads and highways. The U.S. Department of Transportation reports in a single recent year, there were an estimated 97,000 work zone crashes, an increase of nearly 8 percent from just a year earlier – and a 42 percent rise since 2013. Although most only result in property damage, our Fort Lauderdale car accident lawyers know that every single day, there are at least 70 work zone crashes resulting at least one injury and every week, at least a dozen deaths. Even while overall highway traffic deaths decline, work zone crash fatalities are rising. Of those killed, 85 percent were drivers and passengers in cars and 25 percent of those fatal crashes involved a large truck (compared to 12 percent of highway deaths overall).
Recently, the Alabama Supreme Court affirmed a $3 million verdict for plaintiff in a highway construction zone crash lawsuit, after defendant construction company sought a new trial or alternatively a remittitur (reduction of damages).
Work Zone Crash Causes Serious Personal Injury
The work zone crash occurred in June 2010 on a two-lane U.S. Highway where the construction crew was replacing the bridge and approaches to it. The state Department of Transportation had prepared plans for the project, including traffic control, and had supervisors on site to ensure compliance. Defendant construction worker was operating a Caterpillar motor grader in the northbound lane. Plaintiff, with four passengers in his van, attempted to go around the motor grader by crossing the double-yellow line into the southbound lane. The motor grader then turned left, and the two vehicles collided. Plaintiff suffered a double-fractured jaw, broken leg and bruised lung.
Plaintiff filed a personal injury lawsuit stemming from the car accident, alleging defendant construction worker in the course and scope of his employment was negligent in operating the construction equipment, and his employer was vicariously liable. Defendants sought summary judgment, in part alleging plaintiff was contributorily negligent. Plaintiff sought sanctions against the construction company had engaged in spoliation of evidence by repairing the motor grader before plaintiff had an opportunity to inspect it, despite being put on notice of plaintiff's intent. The judge denied both motions, the case went to trial and plaintiff won, with jurors awarding $3 million.
Personal Injury Verdict Affirmed
On appeal, plaintiff argued trial court erred in in denying an earlier motion for judgment as a matter of law on grounds plaintiff violated state traffic law by crossing the double yellow line just prior to the crash, constituting negligence per se and making him contributorily negligent and thus (in that state) ineligible to claim damages. Plaintiff argued his crossing of the center line was allowed because the motor grader was in his lane of travel, was not actively engaged in work, had no brake lights, hazard lights or turn signals and appeared to be parked. He also said there was scant indication of a construction zone in place. Plaintiff's passengers confirmed this, but defendant driver disputed, as did a supervisor for the state DOT, who stated the site did have all appropriate construction work zone warnings in place that morning. Plaintiff's speed was also a disputed point (he said 25 mph, a nearby construction worker witness said 65 mph).
The trial court carefully looked at this evidence, as well as expert witness testimony, medical records and bills in examining whether the trial court had fairly reached a conclusion on both issues of liability and damages. Ultimately, the state supreme court ruled the trial judge's detailed order indicated no error in the jury's verdict and defense had not presented evidence that would support their claim for reduced damages.
Florida personal injury attorneys in Fort Lauderdale recognize that construction zone accident cases can present more complexities than a typical car accident claim, firstly because they tend to result in greater injuries and there are many different entities – including government agencies – whose actions may be at issue. It's important to consult with an experienced injury attorney before deciding how best to proceed.
Campbell v. Kennedy, Oct. 26, 2018, Alabama Supreme Court
Busting Florida Personal Injury Law Myths, Oct. 8, 2018, Fort Lauderdale Personal Injury Attorney Blog
Posted in: Car Accidents and personal injury
Tagged: auto accident attorney, car accident attorney, car accident lawyer, construction zone crash, crash injury lawyer, Florida construction zone accident, Fort Lauderdale injury attorney and injury in construction zone
Updated: November 2, 2018 1:51 pm


With over twenty years' experience working in schools and privately, Dawn enjoys helping students with learning difficulties to develop literacy skills, enjoy reading and find self expression through their own writing. Dawn also tutors HSC English and runs writing workshops for Schools and libraries.
In 2010 & 2011 Dawn was awarded a May Gibbs Literature Trust Fellowship. In 2012 she was awarded a 'Highly Commended' Adult Writer of Fantasy/Sci-fi in the 'Writing Classes for Kids' competition. Dawn has been a guest author at BOOKFEAST in Sydney 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012.
Dawn has been a bookworm all her life and a little embarrassed to admit she collected stamps as a child. She also enjoys traveling to foreign countries, especially Great Britain, where she was born. When she was twelve, Dawn's family moved to Norway to live on an island.
Dawn loves animals and with her husband has two border collies, a cat and a horse. Dawn's hobbies and interests include drawing, photography, bushwalking, noodling around on the piano and gardening. She is incurably mad about robots & dragons and loves gadgets. Writing books for children is the easiest way to get all those weird ideas out of her head and Dawn loves it when readers enjoy her stories.
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Dawn offers talks and workshops which encourage kids, especially boys, to get into books and express themselves more clearly with their own writing.


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027 Novy Jeruzalem
Museum of the Underground Prisoners, 1 Mishol HaGvura, Russian Compound
Architect: Martin Ivanovich Eppinger, 1864
An open museum and guided tours at one of the most impressive sites in the city, which will put a spotlight on issues related to its restoration and architecture. Originally built as an inn for Russian pilgrims visiting the Holy Land, during the British Mandate period it was converted into a prison where members of the Jewish underground movements were also incarcerated. In its third and current metamorphosis, it is a museum dedicated to the contribution of the underground movements to the struggle to establish the State of Israel. It features a reconstruction of the Mandate period prison, including the inmates' cells, workshops, synagogue, solitary confinement block, and gallows. The two-hour tours will be led by the museum director, Yoram Tamir.
Historical landmark/tour dealing with preservation
Open house and 4 open tours for the first 40 people in line. Reservations not required.
Thursday, 18.11, 9:00-17:00 (open museum and free admittance for Open House Weekend participants). Guided tours at 13:00 and 16:00
Friday, 19.11, 9:00-13:00 (open museum and free admittance for Open House Weekend participants). Guided tours at 10:00 and 12:00


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Culcairn () is a town in the south-east Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia.  Culcairn is located in the Greater Hume Shire local government area on the Olympic Highway between Albury and Wagga Wagga. The town is  south-west of the state capital, Sydney and at the 2016 census had a population of 1,473.

The town is an important supply centre for nearby towns and villages including, Morven, Gerogery, Henty, Walla Walla and Pleasant Hills. Billabong Creek runs along the southern edge of town, lending its name to the local high school.

History

European settlement of Culcairn began in 1834, following favorable reports on grazing potential and grass cover by the explorers Hume and Hovell when traveling overland to the Port Phillip district in 1824. A number of stations were gazetted and  between 1862 and 1865 the district was terrorized by the bushranger, Dan "Mad Dog" Morgan. The reward for Morgan would reach £1,000. He was ambushed and killed in Victoria after his final holdup in 1865.

The town itself was laid out in 1880 by James Balfour, a local landowner, who named it after a property in the parish of Kiltearn, his mother's birthplace.  Culcairn Post Office opened on 1 September 1880.

Early industries included chaff mills, a cereal grain company and a quarry.  The extension of the Main Southern railway line to Albury to meet the broad gauge line from Melbourne saw Culcairn prosper.  The Culcairn Hotel, constructed in 1891, was the largest on the line between Melbourne and Sydney.

Heritage listings
Culcairn has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 Main Southern railway: Culcairn railway station

Sports and recreation

The Culcairn Football Club is an Australian rules football club that was first established in May, 1895.

In 1916, a 21 year old former player, Private Dan Dalahunty was killed in action, was one of the "Men of the Dardanelles".

In 1923, Culcairn's jumper colours were - maroon with blue cuffs and collars; maroon socks, topped with blue.

Culcairn played Mangoplah in the 1923 Grand Final at Yerong Creek and Mangoplah won the Yerong Creek & DFA premiership.

Culcairn has played in the following football competitions -

1910 - 1913: Culcairn & District Football Association. Premiers - 1910. Captain - E J Wilson.
1914 - 1915: Culcairn & District Junior Football Association
1916 - 1918: In recess due to World War I
1919 - 1921: Culcairn & District Football Association. Premiers - 1921.
1922 - Riverina Main Line Football Association. Runners Up - 1922.
1923 - Yerong Creek & District Football Association. Runners Up - 1923.
1924 - 1929: Riverina Football Association. Runners Up - 1928.
1930 - 1940: Albury & District Football League. Premiers - 1936 Runners Up - 1938, 1940
1941 - 1945: In recess due to World War II
1946 - 1956: Albury & District Football League. Premiers - 1952, 1953, 1954. Runners Up - 1946, 1951.
1957 - 1980: Farrer Football League. Premiers - 1963, 1968. Runners Up -
1981 - 1991: Tallangatta & District Football League. Premiers - 1990.
1992 - 2022: Hume Football League. Premiers - 1993, 2007. Runners Up - 1992, 1994, 2005.

Culcairn & District Football Association
This Australian Rules Football competition was formed in 1910 and ran for four years up until 1913, then went into recess due to World War One. Depending on what side of the railway line the club was situated in, the competition had a Western Division and an Eastern Division. The competition re-formed in 1919.

Culcairn & DFA - Grand Finals
 1910 - Culcairn: 43 defeated Walbundrie: 35. Played at Culcairn.
1911 - Walbundrie: 6.12 - 48 defeated Germanton: 2.7 - 19. Played at Culcairn.
1912 - Germanton: 6.11 - 47 defeated Walla Walla: 2.7 - 19. Played at Culcairn. Scholtz Cup.
1913 - Germanton: 7.3 - 45 defeated Culcairn: 4.7 - 31. Played at Culcairn.
1914 - 1918: Culcairn & DFA in recess due to WW1.
1919 - Holbrook: 10.13 - 73 defeated Culcairn: 4.10 - 34. Played at Culcairn.
1920 - Holbrook d Henty
1921 - Culcairn defeated Holbrook. Played at Culcairn.

 Germanton. This town was renamed as Holbrook in 1915.

In 1922, the Riverina Main Line Football Association that was formed and based in Wagga Wagga. The seven club's that made up this competition were - Culcairn, Henty, Mangoplah, Wagga Federals, Wagga Newtown, Wagga Stars and Yerong Creek. This competition was only in existence for one season, with the Wagga Stars defeating Yerong Creek in the Grand Final. On the eve of the final series Culcairn, Henty, and Mangoplah withdrew from the competition, citing the fact the association refused to provide a VFL umpire for the final series.

Teams in the Culcairn & DFA per year
1910: Eastern Division - Cookardinia, Culcairn, Germanton and Henty. Western Division - Balldale, Brocklesby, Walbundrie and Walla Walla.
1911: Eastern Division - Cookardinia, Culcairn, Germanton and Henty. Western Division - Balldale, Brocklesby, Walbundrie and Walla Walla.
1912: Eastern Division - Cookardinia, Culcairn, Germanton, Henty and Morven. Western Division - Balldale, Brocklesby, Walbundrie and Walla Walla.

Notable residents
 Rugby league player Bradley Clyde was born and raised in Culcairn.
 Triple Olympic equestrian Gold medallist Andrew Hoy was born and raised in Culcairn.

Transport
Culcairn sits on the main railway line between Sydney and Melbourne and is serviced by the NSW TrainLink XPT service which runs twice daily and stops at the local railway station. The station was once the junction for the Corowa and Holbrook branch lines.

References

External links

 Greater Hume Shire Council - Greater Hume Shire Website
 Culcairn Railway Station

Towns in the Riverina
Towns in New South Wales
Greater Hume Shire

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Description: The Casa Grande Ruins were established to preserve the Ancient Sonoran Desert People farming community. This site was created as the nation's first archeological reserve. As well as viewing the historic site, there are various Native American festivals held on the grounds throughout the year.
Description: The Montezuma Castle National Monument has one of the best preserved cliff dwellings in North America. The park provides a look into the Sinagua culture. Within the park there are also other activities in which to partake, There are guided bird walks, and Montezuma Well, which has some animals found no where else in the world.
Description: The Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument offers a look into the wildlife and landscape of the Sonoran Desert. This park provides scenic drives, back country trails, and camping beneath the clear desert sky.
Description: Dead Horse State Ranch is 400+ acres of camping, biking, hiking, canoeing, picnicking, fishing, or just relaxing in the clear waters. The park covers a six mile stretch of unique ecosystem called a riparian zone, of which there are less than 20 in the world. As always, the lagoons are stocked with catfish, bluegill, and bass.
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Description: The campground at Alamo Canyon was established specifically for primitive camping. There are four campsites with grills, tables, pit toilets, and trashcans. Wood and ground fires are prohibited. Motorhomes are not allowed in this campsite. Camping is limited to the 4 established sites, which will hold a total of 20 people. A permit for use of this site can be obtained at the Visitor Center. Camping is limited to 7 consecutive calendar days.
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Meet our Student Contest Winners!
ACC&D's contest for graduate students to win an all-expenses-paid trip our Symposium generated many strong applications. Thanks to all who entered and to the Kevin L. Brown Memorial Scholarship for making this contest possible.
Three veterinary students stood out and won complimentary registration, travel and lodging when they join us in Boston. These students are all at or near crossroads in their career, with a passion for this field. We are thrilled to announce the three winners of our Student Contest: Julie Barnes from the US, Valerio Moccia from Italy, and Liat Morgan from Israel. Their bios are below.
Julie Barnes is a 2018 veterinarian graduate from the University of Tennessee. She first became interested in reproduction after graduation from college when she spent a year as an intern at the Memphis Zoo Research Department. Over the year, she enthusiastically observed the veterinary work and reproduction research behind zoo breeding and contraception. As a result of this experience, she decided to apply to and accept a position at Tennessee's veterinary school to pursue her goal of studying reproduction in the veterinary field. During her freshman and sophomore year summers, she participated in research programs at UC Davis and Cornell, respectively. At UC Davis, she studied reproductive side effects from a sedation medication on stallions and while at Cornell, she researched equine mammary stem cell secretion components for treatment of mammary cancer. Now finished with vet school, Dr. Barnes plans on staying involved in reproduction research and intends to one day go back for a PhD. In the meantime, she plans on utilizing her medical knowledge in general practice and spending time with her two pups.
Valerio Moccia is a 2018 DVM graduate from the University of Bari "Aldo Moro" College of Veterinary Medicine. During his academic career, he held a particular interest in the physiology of animal reproduction. This inspired him to pursue an internship in the section of Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production. In his final year of study, 2017/2018 had a scholarship to conduct research at Oregon State University and investigate the increased incidence of mast cell tumors in gonadectomized dogs. Present research interests include investigating alternative methods of contraception and methods of reducing the risks posed by surgical gonadectomy to improve animal welfare and control pet overpopulation. Dr. Moccia has a poster at the Symposium.
Liat Morgan is a student in the combined DVM-PhD program at the Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University, Israel. Her thesis focused on improving fertility and production in swine farms by management actions towards better animal welfare. One of the projects focused on non-surgical contraception as an alternative to surgical castration in piglets. The results have led to the development of pig welfare legislation in Israel.
Liat is also involved in another project at the lab - controlling the free-roaming cat population with an anti-GnRH vaccine (Gonacon), in which she is responsible for the size and welfare population estimationLiat is the founder and general manager of Yad4.co.il, the Israeli animal adoption database, and the only search engine which includes adoptable pets from all organizations and public shelters in Israel. She has utilized that database to survey over 3000 cat and 3000 dog owners about their attitudes, including perceptions of both surgical and non-surgical methods of sterilization. She has also surveyed veterinarians.
Recently, she embarked on a new research project, which aims to build a broad plan for the Israeli government; how to control dog overpopulation, as well as to improve animal welfare and NO KILL policy. Liat will be sharing her survey learnings at the Symposium.


text:
The eighteen-year-old behind the "biggest Twitter hack ever" accepts …
When he was 17 years old, Graham Evan Clark was the mastermind behind the hacking of Barack Obama's Twitter account, among others.
Photo: via Reuters
In the US, an 18-year-old seen as the "mastermind" for hacking into the Twitter accounts of several celebrities last July was sentenced to three years in prison. He was charged with thirty charges, including fraud, and he pleaded guilty.
During the hack, the Twitter profiles of former President Barack Obama and entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Bill Gates were seized, as were corporate accounts such as Apple accounts. Finally, 130 novels are affected. The hacked profiles called for a deposit in Bitcoin cryptocurrency, with the promise of a twice repayment. More than $ 100,000 could have been stolen this way.
Teenage Graham Evan Clark, who was 17 years old at the time of the facts, was arrested a few days later at his home in Tampa, Florida. By cooperating with prosecutors and admitting guilt, he escapes a potential adult conviction, which would have resulted in a much longer prison sentence.
Read also. Bill Gates, Elon Musk, and Kim Kardashian were not safe: The 17-year-old was the mastermind of the biggest hacking operation ever
Twitter said after the hack that some employees had been "tampered" and that the attackers may have used their credentials to gain access to the social network's internal systems. Since then, access to these systems has been "extremely limited".
Read also. Biggest Hack Ever: How Your Twitter Account Was Hacked, And Why Barack Obama Ordered Bitcoins (+)
See also Recensie Ma Rainey's Black Bottom [Netflix]
Previous New on broadcast this week: the start of "The Falcon And The Winter Soldier" and "Sky Rojo" from the makers of "La Casa De Papel" and the powerful Flemish novel with "Déjà-vu"
Next The musical "Hamilton" brings the King David story to life


text:
A Brief Biography of
Edward Sylvester Morse
Researched and Written by John M. Gould.
Back to The Biography of John Mead Gould
Edward Sylvester Morse was born in Portland, Maine on June 18th, 1838. He was the son of Deacon Jonathan Morse, a staunch Calvinist Christian.
Much to his father's chagrin, young Morse was expelled from every school he attended in his youth. These included the Portland village school, the academy at Conway in 1851 and the Bridgton Academy in 1854. Morse's curious young mind could not accept the confines of a classroom and he was easily distracted from his studies. Had he lived in our current age he most probably would have been diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
Sometime prior to 1854 Morse made the acquaintence of his life long friend John Mead Gould. They attended Bridgton Academy together in summer of 1854 and explored the Maine woods together in their spare time. In the autumn Morse was expelled for carving on the desks despite the corporeal discipline of the schoolmaster.
Morse's brother then found him his first job as a draftsman at the Portland Company. The Portland Company made steam engines for trains and ships. While the subject of his drawings was far removed from his life's work in zoology it, nevertheless, developed his talent for making detailed drawings. This, coupled with his keen powers of observation, would enable him to pursue his career as a leading zoologist.
In June 1856 Morse attended Bethel Academy in Bethel, Maine. Here he was exposed to the influence of Dr. Nathaniel True. Dr. True recognized Morse's brilliance and was able to productively harness it by encouraging Morse's interst in collecting specimens from the natural world. True also allowed Morse to assist visiting biologists and mineralogists in their studies.
Due to ESM's disillusionment with the Cavinistic doctrines of his father, Morse began to pursue his interest in the study of nature. (In those days, particularly because of Darwin's anti-Biblical theory of evolution, science and religous faith were considered to be incompatiable with each other.)
On September 28th, 1856, while enrolled at Bethel Academy, he discovered a minute land snail. This discovery would launch him on his career as a natural scientist. In 1859 the Boston Society of Natural History would proclaim Morse's discovery Tympanis morsei. To be credited with the discovery of a new species and to have it named for himself was undoubtedly pleasing to the bright 20 year old.
Scientific Education
Professor Louis Agassiz
On May 27th, 1859 Morse went to Cambridge, Massachusetts and met the eminent Louis Agassiz who held the chair of zoology and geology of the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University. Morse then studied marine biology under Agassiz's direction specializing in chonchology. As Agassiz was probably the foremost zoologist in America at that time, Morse could not have found a better mentor. In fact, the list of Agassiz's assistants and students during these years reads like a Who's Who of American natural scientists of the late 1800's.
This interest in pursueing his studies, as well as those of his fiance and recently widdowed mother, precluded his enlisting in the Union Army during the early stages of the Civil War. When he later tried to enlist on August 25th, 1862, in Company A of the 25th Maine Infantry Regiment, he was rejected on account of a chronic infection of his tonsils.
Throughout the war Morse corresponded regularly with his lifelong friend John Mead Gould and was the recipient of the letters which would form Gould's war journals.
On June 18th, 1863 Morse married Ellen ("Nellie") Elizabeth Owen in Portland with John Mead Gould as his best man. They had two children - Edith Owen Morse and John Gould Morse.
In 1866 Morse settled in Salem, Massachusetts where he would spend most of the rest of his life. Here he helped establish the American Naturalist magazine and became one of its editors.
In 1868 Morse built a house at 12 Linden Street in Salem. It would be his home for the rest of his life.
Over the next few years Morse would be associated with a number of pestigious organizations and institutions. In 1868 he was made a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1874 he was made a lecturer to Havard University. In 1876 he became a fellow of the National Academy of Science and in 1885 president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also a member of numerous other organizations.
Morse undertook a study of brachiopods along the Atlantic seaboard which recieved international attention. In 1869 he was elected vice-president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and became its president in 1886. From 1871 to 1874 he held the chair of comparative anatomy and zoology at Bowdoin College.
Cover Illustration of How to Camp Out drawn by ESM.
Around 1876 Morse prepared a few illustrations for John M. Gould's book How to Camp Out. In the introduction of the book Gould wrote - "Professor Edward S. Morse has increased the debt of gratitude I owe him, by taking his precious time to draw my illustrations, and prepare them for the engraver."
Experience in Japan
In 1877 Morse visited Japan in seach of new specimens for his studies and was offerd a position as a professor at Tokyo Imperial University and stayed until 1879. The book Mirror in the Shrine relates ESM's experiences in Meiji Japan along with those of two other Americans. Morse then began his collection of Japanese pottery, considered to be the finest of that era in the United States much of which would eventually be purchased in 1890 by the Boston Museum of Fine Arts where Morse was given the honorary title of "Keeper of the Japanese Pottery". Photographs of items from the collection may be seen HERE. Much of the remainder is now called The Morse Collection at the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem.
In 1875 Morse published First Book of Zoology and in 1888 Japanese Homes and their Surroundings. As Morse was one of the few westerners to live in 19th Century Japan his writings are of great interest to historians.
In 1887 and 1888 Morse toured Europe. He landed in Liverpool on August 17th, 1887 and went on to visit England, France, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. He was to return to Germany in 1887 in order to fill out his Japanese pottery collection which was sold to the Boston Museum of Fine arts in 1890. Morse wrote a detailed catalog of the collection which is still a standard reference work in the field.
Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd Class
Morse's association with Japan would long be remembered on both sides of the ocean and in 1898 Morse was decorated with the Order of the Rising Sun, Third Class by the Emperor of Japan, making him the first American to be so honored. Near the end of his life in 1922 Morse was again honored by the Japanese Empire with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, Second Class.
East India Marine Hall of the Peabody Museum
In 1880 Morse returned to Salem. The next year he took up his life's work as director of the prestigous Peabody Academy of Sciences (known today as the Peabody Essex Museum). During his tenure the museum developed its world renowned collection of Oriental art in addition to its nautical holdings. In this capacity, Morse acquired such renown that he was elected president of the American Association of Museums in 1911.
In 1882 Morse gave a lecture series at the Lowell Institute on Japanese culture.
Percival Lowell
Among Morse's many friends in the scientific community was astronomer Percival Lowell. Lowell is probably best known for his observations of Mars and his hypothesis that the lines seen on the red planet through a telescope were canals built by the planet's inhabitants. His observations were published in a book called MARS in 1895. Morse would occaisonally travel to the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona during prime times for observation of the planet.
Lowell's indirect contributions to the founding of the modern "science" of UFOlogy cannot be underestimated. Lowell's hypothesis about Martians most probably inspired H.G. Wells to write The War of the Worlds in 1898 which, of course, led to Orson Welles' famous (or infamous) Halloween hoax in 1938. Since then there has been strong speculation that humanity is not alone in the universe and that we may have been visited by inhabitants of other worlds.
In 1906 Morse published Mars and its Mystery as a defense of his Lowell's theories. It was the only work of Morse's about a subject where he was not a leading authority. Even so, it was good enough to get Morse elected to the French Astronomical Society.
ESM Examining a Piece of Japanese Pottery
In 1911 Morse's wife Nellie died. He was cared for in his later years by the Brooks sisters - Josephine serving as housekeeper and Margarette as his ever faithful administrative assistant.
On June 25th, 1914 Salem was engulfed by a great fire which consumed most of the city. By good fortune, the flames were stopped within four blocks of Morse's house. Two of his scientific colleagues rushed over to assist him in saving the important scientific materials Morse kept at his house.
Instead of finding Morse consumed with panic at the potential loss of his life's work, they found him sitting in his study attempting to play a South Sea Island flute with his nose. Morse's words on his friends' arrival were, "The Solomon Islanders can do it; why can't I?"
On June 18th, 1925 Morse recieved a scarlet cap from Dr. Chiomatsu Isahikawa who was a pupil of Morse's in 1877 and succeed to Morse's chair of zoology at the Imperial University. Japanese men of distinction are given scarlet cap on their 88th birthday as a symbol of their long life and achievements. While the cap was, indeed, an honor it also indicated that Morse's life was drawing to a close.
Edward Sylvester Morse died in Salem on December 20th, 1925 at the age of 87. Upon hearing of his best friend's death John Mead Gould wrote in his diary, "What is the world and life here if no Ed Morse?".
Morse's funeral was held at the First Unitarian Church in Salem. He was buried in the Harmony Grove Cemetery in Salem.
Morse's contributions to the advancement of scientific knowledge extended beyond his death. His will dictated that his brain be donated to the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology in Philadelphia to be studied to attempt to determine the causes of ambidexterity.
In 1930 Commander K. Mizuno of the Japanese Navy, one of Morse's students at the Imperial University, made a pilgrimage to visit Morse's brain. Mizuno wrote - "Here I am, Professor," said I in my heart, "to see your brain as you requested." A voice seemed to reply, "Good, my boy, but I am in Hell. Are you brave enough to come down here?" (Wayman, pg. 435.)
In 1942 the only full length biography of ESM was published. It was named, appropriately, Edward Sylvester Morse and was written by Dorothy G. Wayman and published by Harvard University Press. This work was the primary source for much of the above information. He was also the subject biographical articles in the Dictionary of American Biogaphy and Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography.
Amazon.com listings of titles relating to ESM.
An Online Biography of ESM
Another On-Line Biography of Edward Sylvester Morse.
The University of Tokyo.
Use YAHOO!! to search the Net.
Send E-Mail to jmgould39@yahoo.com


text:
Watch the 2007 FIG World Champs online at WCSN.com
Thread starter GymMomNC
Archived Competitions
2007 World Championships
GymMomNC
I saw the post about watching on CCTV, and thought some of you might be interested to know that you can also watch worlds on the internet at http://web.wcsn.com/schedule/index.jsp?s=34012&e=2007_worlds ...You have to register to watch, but it is free. The announcers are Bart Conner and Tasha Swikert, so all commentaries are in English on this site...
You have the option of either watching it live at the scheduled time, or you can watch it on demand if you miss the live show.
According to the website, the times are as follows:
Wednesday, Sept. 5
Women's team event: Watch on-demand
Awards ceremony: Watch on-demand
Men's team event: Watch live at 7:50 a.m. ET
Opening ceremony Watch on-demand
Men's all-around Watch live at 8 a.m. ET
Women's all-around: Watch live at 12:30 p.m. ET
Men's apparatus: Watch live at 8 a.m. ET
Women's apparatus Watch live at 8 a.m. ET
Now if someone could just tell me how to burn it to a DVD that would be great!
bogwoppit
It is good to register ahead of time and check that you have the feed. Also, some countries are blacked out for gymnastics through wcsn!
The commentary in English would be awesome, as it is , us Canadians are working on our Chinese on CCTV5!
It is great watching, however you have to do it. Just test it before it begins, once it starts is too late to work out the bugs.
awposey1
We have been enjoying watching worlds on WCSN....great coverage and we get to see gymnasts from a variety of other countries that you don't see when they televise the championships. We moms of the YMCA Challenger team have been watching them at the gym while our kids work out...makes the time pass faster.
Online viewing of some qualifications rounds inc. GB
2011 World Championships Oct 6, 2011


Automattic announced its intent to protest the FCC's attack on net neutrality today by making a way for the millions of WordPress.com users to join in. The company's logo has been listed on the Save Net Neutrality event website for some time but it had yet to announce how it would be participating. WordPress.com users are encouraged to send a message to the FCC and also enable the Fight for Net Neutrality Plugin via the dashboard Settings screen.
The plugin is open source and available to self-hosted users on WordPress.org. Unlike the existing plugins that support the event on July 12 by presenting visitors with a banner to raise awareness, Automattic's plugin simulates what life might be like in the "slow lane" if the FCC abandons the principle of net neutrality. It replaces a few of the posts on your site with a "Still Loading" spinner. This plugin doesn't seem to offer a way to test it ahead of the event, but it essentially displays a message at the bottom of your website and slows down some of your posts.
The plugin will automatically be disabled after the event has concluded, so both WordPress.com and self-hosted users do not have to worry about turning it off and can remove it later. If you are uneasy about slowing down some of your posts as part of the protest and feel more comfortable displaying a modal or a widget, check out the Internet Defense League Cat Signal or the Fight for the Future Alerts plugins as alternatives.


text:
Каре или Кари је народ настањен у Заиру, североисточно од народа Монго и на југоистоку у Централноафричкој Републици.

Има их 235.218, од тога у Заиру 143.921 и у Централноафричкој Републици 91.297. Језик припада бенуе-конгоанској подгрупи атлантско-конгоанске групе нигерконгоанске породице језика. Вера су традиционална месна веровања (култ предака и сила природе).

Литература

Народи Африке
Нигер-конгоански народи


Next message: Collin Ong: "Re: what's this "nice" unix thing?"
Previous message: Dave Ahn: "Re: win95"
Maybe in reply to: Eating Before Swimming: "what's this "nice" unix thing? I'm a sysadmin..."
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>I've or got friends to run this on.
if some more knowledgeable soul were to write one.
I assume this is supposed to be true of nice()'s everywhere?


text:
Majestic Math Teacher
Alexander O
Aaron E, Columnist
Once the new school year rolled around, students welcomed many new faces, including a few new middle school teachers. For instance, the departure of former math teacher Ms. Van Kirk left an opening for a new teacher. That position was filled by Mr. Wilson. While some people miss their former teacher, many students love the personality of Mr. Wilson. This is Mr. Wilson's first time teaching after coming from a finance background.
Mr. Wilson is a parishioner at St. Robert Parish, and one day at Mass Fr. Enrique mentioned that St. Robert was looking for new teachers. He was at a point in his life "where conflicts of interest, high demands, and a terrible work/life balance provided a catalyst for [him] to seek more personally gratifying work." Mr. Wilson thinks the message from Father occurred at a favorable time; he is very grateful to be here now after hearing that call for help.
One of the reasons Mr. Wilson decided to start teaching was from his father. His father was a successful engineer, and just like every other dad, he had the tendency to tell the same story over and over. Mr. Wilson's repeated story highlighted the importance of teachers. His father claimed that he was a bad student until one of his teachers made a big difference and changed his outlook on school. One teacher was the catalyst for turning Mr. Wilson's father on course to provide for and raise a great family.
Mr. Wilson says that he also thinks about the need for the math that he teaches in his everyday life. He even says, "when [he is] coaching baseball, playing tennis or lifting weights [he is] thinking in terms of force vectors, spin rates, probability theory, etc to become a better player." He says that building math literacy is extremely valuable to teach because of how much it can help in people's everyday lives. This very much pleases our principal Mrs. Beckmann because she has been hearing very positive and encouraging feedback from parents, students, and other staff around the school. She believes that "Mr. Wilson is off to a very strong start in becoming an excellent math teacher and a valuable member of the St. Robert team."
Something that Mr. Wilson loves about teaching at our school is having the school be close to Falbo Bros. Pizza. Falbo Bros. is one of his favorite local pizza restaurants in the city. He has also felt very welcomed amongst the St. Robert community from day one, which "is something [he] had never experienced before at other companies." He noted that something he truly loves about the school is that the community shares his own values. He claims that "Being able to start each work day together in prayer is very neat."
People should be looking forward to the future of the middle school math program with the addition of an excellent teacher in Mr. Wilson. With great opportunities like those he is provided in his classroom, students can grow and learn to be more fluent with math in their everyday lives. Having an entertaining and knowledgeable teacher will bring excitement to classrooms and plenty of benefits to learning. While Mr. Wilson has only been at St. Robert for a few months, students and staff are looking forward to the bright year ahead with his shining personality in the school.
Total Views: 762 ,
Aaron E, Editor-in-Chief
Aaron is the Editor-In-Chief for the White and Blue Press. He plays for the Milwaukee Volleyball Club as a middle hitter and goalkeeper in soccer. He also...
Alexander O, Columnist
Alexander is a writer on the White and Blue Press team. He is an 8th grader in Ms. Schulz's homeroom. Alex loves biking with friends and spending time...
A St. Robert classic the Christmas concert is back again
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Mrs. Beckmann • Oct 21, 2021 at 8:21 pm
This article was fun to read and really paints an accurate picture of our new math teacher!
https://strstudentnews.org/3577/dailylife/majestic-math-teacher/#comment-11537


Maturity and evolution never sounded so good!
Mario's latest release Dancing Shadows , laced with 11 featureless tracks, hearkens like lyrical wisdom, RnB style shifting, flawless range, good energy and time well spent. It's not just an album loaded with love songs but an album of growth, life, encouragement and realizations. From daily anthems like "Good Times" to passionate records like "Care for You" to classics like "One Man Woman;" Mario's got your heart, subconscious and hustle covered on this latest album.
"I called it Dancing Shadows because I'm illuminating parts of myself that I never have before," he said of his project.
His transparency in this body of work is palpable and appreciated. You can let this project just play through; it's arranged for such. It's been a a long time coming but this album - well worth the wait.
Listen to Dancing Shadows here.


Expecting up to 200 guests? Our Luxury Toilet Hire is ideal for your wedding or corporate event. Providing you with two porcelain toilets in the ladies area and a toilet in the gents with two urinals. Perfect comfort for your wedding or corporate guests. Our VIP Luxury toilet hire service offers you and your guests clean, spacious and stylish facilities.
Suitable for up to 200 guests the 2 + 1, VIP luxury toilet hire unit provides you with hygienic toilet hire facilities with fresh flushing porcelain toilets. Impress your guests by hiring them a home from home toilet rental service. Our 2 + 1 VIP luxury toilet hire also provides a beautiful blue under lighting inside and LED lights on the steps.
Please allow an area of 22ft x 10ft 6in for siting and access to the steps after the unit is set up. Consideration should also be given to access for our 4 x 4 vehicle towing the toilet trailer.


The salad market is a growing sector with more and more people opting to have a healthier diet. Salads can work in a number of different types of outlets whether take away or eat in.
To offer the salad range you simply need some chilled storage. A display cabinet would be beneficial for the 'grab-and-go' market.
We have a range of different styles of packaging types with supporting labelling. You can create a bespoke offer to suit your customers needs.
Our salad range is growing fast. Currently we have bowl style pasta and noodle salads, as well as our bistro style salads. With an extensive range of recipes to choose from and different packaging to offer them in, we can work up a wide selection of options to meet your need.


text:
Anderson, Alexander.
You are here » Convicts transported to Australia » Western Australia. » Mermaid » 30 December 1850. » Anderson, Alexander.
Convict name: Anderson, Alexander.
sentence_details:
Convicted at Scotland. Aberdeen Court of Justiciary for a term of 20 years on 21 September 1849.
vessel: Mermaid
date_of_departure: 30 December 1850.
place_of_arrival: Western Australia.
Microfilm Roll 92, Class and Piece Number HO11/16, Page Number 397 (200)
Alexander Anderson, one of 209 convicts transported on the Mermaid, 30 December 1850.
publication_details:
Canberra [A.C.T.] :Australian Joint Copying Project, [1948-1990]
original_version_note:
This record is one of the entries in the British convict transportation registers 1787-1867 database compiled by State Library of Queensland from British Home Office (HO) records which are available on microfilm as part of the Australian Joint Copying Project (AJCP).
topical_subject_heading: Convicts--Australia--Registers.
neographic_subject_heading: Australia--Genealogy.
: australia-genealogy
Connected with Anderson, Alexander.
Brown, Mark.
Convicted at Kent. Assizes at Maidstone for a term of 15 years on 25 July 1848.
Transported by Hashemy (19 July 1850.).
Butler, Thomas.
Convicted at Hertford. Hertford Quarter Sessions for a term of 7 years on 17 May 1847.
Transported by Bangalore (01 January 1850.).
Clifford, Ellen.
Convicted at Middlesex. Clerkenwell General Sessions for a term of 10 years on 21 May 1850.
Transported by Emma Eugenia (25 October 1850.).
Dixon, George.
Convicted at Essex Assizes for a term of 15 years on 05 March 1849.
Transported by Mermaid (30 December 1850.).
Edwards, James.
Convicted at Chester (City) Pleas of Crownmote for a term of 14 years on 01 September 1829.
Francis, William.
Convicted at Court Martial Woolwich for a term of 7 years on 24 July 1848. Ticket of Leave.
Transported by Rodney (19 August 1850.).
Gardner, Walter.
Convicted at Central Criminal Court for a term of 7 years on 16 August 1847.
Goddard, James.
Convicted at York Bradford Quarter Sessions for a term of 7 years on 17 May 1847.
Hand, Stephen.
Convicted at Courts Martial Barbados for a term of 7 years on 19 June 1847.
Hendrie, John.
Convicted at Scotland. Glasgow Court of Justiciary for a term of 7 years on 06 May 1848. Ticket of Leave.
Transported by Nile (27 June 1850.).
Howcutt, George.
Convicted at Leicester. Boro of Leicester Quarter Sessions for a term of 7 years on 28 February 1848. Ticket of Leave.
Jones, Thomas.
Convicted at Brecon. Assizes at Brecon for a term of 7 years on 24 July 1847.
McKenzie, Mary.
Convicted at Scotland. Perth Court of Justiciary for a term of 10 years on 24 September 1849.
Transported by Baretto Junior (05 April 1850.).
Spall, John.
Convicted at Suffolk. Assizes at Ipswich for a term of 10 years on 19 October 1848. [Destined for] NI [Norfolk Island].
Transported by William Jardine (09 August 1850.).
Stevens, Andrew.
Convicted at Huntingdonshire. Huntingdon Quarter Sessions for a term of 10 years on 02 July 1849.
Whiteley, Richard.
Convicted at York Wakefield Quarter Sessions for a term of 7 years on 25 August 1847.
Williamson, Allan Mathew.
Convicted at Norfolk. Assizes at Norwich for a term of 7 years on 21 July 1847.
Transported by Blenheim (23 March 1850.).
Woolnough, Godfrey.
Convicted at Suffolk. Woodbridge Quarter Sessions for a term of 15 years on 03 January 1849. 40277.
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text:
Le tournoi de tennis de Marseille 2007 s'est déroulé du 12 au 18 février.

Faits marquants
 Gilles Simon remporte le tournoi en simple en battant Márcos Baghdatís en finale. Il empoche ainsi son premier titre ATP.
 En double, Arnaud Clément et Michaël Llodra s'imposent face à Mark Knowles et Daniel Nestor.

Résultats en simple
 Têtes de série

 Qualifiés

 Wild cards (invités)

Tableau final

Résultats en double

Têtes de série

Tableau final

Article connexe
 Saison 2007 de l'ATP

Liens externes
 Tableau complet de l'Open 13 2007
  Site officiel du tournoi
  Site de l'ATP

Tennis masculin en 2007
ATP 2007
Tennis en France en 2007
Tennis en février 2007