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text:
Q: Laminas / Zend framework 3 form annotations I was working on Laminas or Zend framework 3 and I tried to use annotation to geneate form
Using Annotations
But  get this message
Message:
Class 'Laminas\Code\Annotation\AnnotationManager' not found

My Controller :
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Application\Controller;

use Laminas\Mvc\Controller\AbstractActionController;
use Laminas\View\Model\ViewModel;
use Laminas\Form\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder;

use Application\Entity\User;

class IndexController extends AbstractActionController
{
    public function indexAction()
    {

         $builder = new AnnotationBuilder();
         $form    = $builder->createForm(User::class);

        return new ViewModel();
    }
}

My Entity :
 <?php
namespace Application\Entity;
use Laminas\Form\Annotation;

/**
 * @Annotation\Name("user")
 * @Annotation\Hydrator("Laminas\Hydrator\ObjectProperty")
 */
class User
{
    /**
     * @Annotation\Exclude()
     */
    public $id;

    /**
     * @Annotation\Filter({"name":"StringTrim"})
     * @Annotation\Validator({"name":"StringLength", "options":{"min":1, "max":25}})
     * @Annotation\Validator({"name":"Regex","options":{"pattern":"/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]{0,24}$/"}})
     * @Annotation\Attributes({"type":"text"})
     * @Annotation\Options({"label":"Username:"})
     */
    public $username;

    /**
     * @Annotation\Type("Laminas\Form\Element\Email")
     * @Annotation\Options({"label":"Your email address:"})
     */
    public $email;
}

This is the error I get :
An error occurred
An error occurred during execution; please try again later.
Additional information:
Error
File:
C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-form\src\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder.php:178
Message:
Class 'Laminas\Code\Annotation\AnnotationManager' not found
Stack trace:
#0 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-form\src\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder.php(221): Laminas\Form\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder->getAnnotationManager()
#1 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-form\src\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder.php(257): Laminas\Form\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder->getFormSpecification('Application\\Ent...')
#2 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\module\Application\src\Controller\IndexController.php(21): Laminas\Form\Annotation\AnnotationBuilder->createForm('Application\\Ent...')
#3 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-mvc\src\Controller\AbstractActionController.php(77): Application\Controller\IndexController->indexAction()
#4 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-eventmanager\src\EventManager.php(331): Laminas\Mvc\Controller\AbstractActionController->onDispatch(Object(Laminas\Mvc\MvcEvent))
#5 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-eventmanager\src\EventManager.php(188): Laminas\EventManager\EventManager->triggerListeners(Object(Laminas\Mvc\MvcEvent), Object(Closure))
#6 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-mvc\src\Controller\AbstractController.php(103): Laminas\EventManager\EventManager->triggerEventUntil(Object(Closure), Object(Laminas\Mvc\MvcEvent))
#7 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-mvc\src\DispatchListener.php(139): Laminas\Mvc\Controller\AbstractController->dispatch(Object(Laminas\Http\PhpEnvironment\Request), Object(Laminas\Http\PhpEnvironment\Response))
#8 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-eventmanager\src\EventManager.php(331): Laminas\Mvc\DispatchListener->onDispatch(Object(Laminas\Mvc\MvcEvent))
#9 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-eventmanager\src\EventManager.php(188): Laminas\EventManager\EventManager->triggerListeners(Object(Laminas\Mvc\MvcEvent), Object(Closure))
#10 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\vendor\laminas\laminas-mvc\src\Application.php(331): Laminas\EventManager\EventManager->triggerEventUntil(Object(Closure), Object(Laminas\Mvc\MvcEvent))
#11 C:\dev\htdocs\laminas-mvc-skeleton\public\index.php(42): Laminas\Mvc\Application->run()
#12 {main}

Thank you for your support .

A: did you check the existence of AnnotationManager in your vendor?
It should be under vendor/laminas/laminas-code/src/Annotation/AnnotationManager.php
Like you can see, it's located in a seperate package called laminas/laminas-code.
Depending on your composer require statements it is not loaded by default.
Do you have any output with composer why laminas/laminas-code

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Off the back of an extremely successful string of UK dates this month, Jake Bugg has today announced a regional UK tour in March 2020 due to popular demand.
Thursday 5 March 2020 19:30
'Kiss Like the Sun' welcomes in a whole new phase in Jake's ever impressive career. It's the first song from a forthcoming new album, his first on RCA Records, and the first taste of his recent work with producer Andrew Watt (Post Malone). It's 2 minutes and 55 seconds of pure adrenaline, guaranteed to shake you up and wake you up.
"I love working with Andrew Watt and I'm really pleased with the sound of this track," Jake says. "I wanted to write something that was fun and a bit light-hearted."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Some of you may remember me talking about Pete's encounter with diabetes. We both thought that he was simply run down, stressed out from all that was going on in our lives. When I finally talked him into going to an urgent care clinic, he was just hours away from a diabetic coma! What followed was a full year of insulin shots and learning how to eat correctly (this was a big benefit to me too, as I was diagnosed with some fairly high cholesterol). Luckily, he was able to reverse some of the damage that the diabetes had done. His eyesight went back to normal and he lost about thirty pounds of excess weight. Eventually, he was able to stop the insulin shots. While he does still take medication, the modifications he made to his diet really turned things around.
Adapting a new eating style wasn't as hard as it sounds. We were pretty much scared straight from the effects of Pete's diabetes, so we started by measuring out our foods and learning how to count carbs. One food that we didn't have to give up was our favorite breakfast food....Cheerios!
*Three grams of soluble fiber daily from whole grain oat foods, like Cheerios cereal, in a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, may reduce the risk of heart disease. Cheerios cereal provides 1 gram per serving.
While Pete prefers regular Cheerios, my favorite is the new Dark Chocolate Multigrain Cheerios....Oh my! Look at this stuff!
Seriously, just add some coconut-almond milk and you have the equivalent of a candy bar in your bowl...only better for you!
Have I talked you into wanting to get healthy? Start by making one small change and see what kind of impact you can make with your health. Visit SmartAboutDiabetes.com and take The Pledge. I dare you.
Disclosure: General Mills provided me with product and a gift card through Platefull Co-op. As always, all opinions are my own.


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The focus of ratings companies has no relevance for us. Subscriber growth, not advertising, drives our revenues.
Basically, what he was saying, via The Wrap, is a bit more about what we already knew about the subscription streaming service. Because subscribers pay monthly for the service and Netflix does not have to rely on advertisements in order to bring in income, Netflix's stock growth is often tied to its subscriber growth. In this model, ratings don't matter. What Netflix is more concerned with is filling niches. The company has superhero shows for people who like superheroes, animated cartoons for families who want to watch kid-friendly TV, and a whole slew of other genres and subgenres to appeal to people's TV wants and needs.
However, we're still obsessed with the idea of finding out how well shows like Daredevil and House of Cards are doing for the streaming service. I think those who want to know just want to gain some sense of how many people are watching the shows they love. Are shows like Orange is the New Black getting Game of Thrones numbers? Or something smaller but well-liked, like It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia? After all, even if Netflix doesn't rely totally on numbers to decide what stays and goes, if no one is really watching, it's not likely the network is going to devote a ton of its budget to keep a program around. And while Netflix isn't huge on cancelling shows, some programs, like Lilyhammer or Hemlock Grove, have been dropped.
Ted Sarandos also cheekily talked about the other companies out there that have been trying to track Netflix's ratings, with wildly varying results.
Both Nielsen and Symphony 'claim' accuracy.
Two competing groups, Nielsen and Symphony, have been trying to track the numbers that Netflix brings in. However, there have been differences in sample sizes, etc, that have made it tough for the groups to come close in terms of numbers, although those numbers may still help us to gauge which Netflix shows are more popular than others, even if we don't know exactly how many people are watching.
It's actually smart in some ways for Netflix to keep the numbers to themselves. Comparing a Netflix show to a network or cable show would be like comparing apples to oranges, as it's far more important for networks to earn live ratings than it is for Netflix. Due to complex syndication deals, when we talk about ratings for network shows, as well, we are only talking about the US audience for the series, while Netflix is tracking the viewing of its originals all over the world. It's not the same model and it's not the same service, but there are pros and cons to doing the binge-watch model versus have a TV watercooler moment. We'll have to wait and see if both models stick around.
For now, you can check out what Netflix has coming up, here.


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Bio / Bioethics / biohacking / CRISPR / Genetics
Why treat gene editing differently in two types of human cells?
by Peter · December 9, 2015
At the conclusion of the recent International Summit on Human Gene Editing in Washington, DC, its organizing committee released a much-anticipated statement recommending how human genetic engineering should be regulated. Co-organized by US, UK and Chinese national academies, the summit gathered preeminent researchers, clinicians and ethicists to grapple with how new gene editing technologies – particularly the method known as CRISPR – should be used. As CRISPR-cas9 is refined in the lab, several actual and proposed trials using the technique have raised ethical concerns.
Somewhat surprisingly, the summit statement was generally supportive of human gene editing. It suggested that research into genetic modifications should continue as long as it doesn't lead to a pregnancy. The statement opposed (for now) clinical use of germline modifications – those are genetic changes that would be in every cell of a resulting baby and be passed on to future generations. The committee, though, approved of clinical use of somatic (body) cell gene therapies that affect only the treated individual, not future offspring.
There is not yet consensus within the gene editing community over what the ethical and legal limits to techniques like CRISPR should be. The statement contributes a reasonably clear position: research into using gene editing to cure diseases should continue. But by saying we should hold off on non-research changes to genes in sperm, eggs and embryos, I'd suggest the ethical distinction they make between modifying body cells and germline cells is tenuous. This leads to inconsistent regulatory standards that risk either underregulating somatic therapies or overregulating germline therapies.
Both yes and no
The committee's position is at once liberal and conservative.
On the one hand, it promotes more research into germline editing, and does not suggest forever shutting the door on reproductive applications – policies are to be revisited regularly. Others had called for a stronger moratorium or even a ban on such research. These voices are concerned that medical risks and ethical pitfalls have not been adequately taken into account.
But the committee's position is also conservative, as it does not imply a major change to gene-editing "business as usual" in the host countries. Existing Chinese guidelines and UK law are already in line with this new statement. They ban reproductive germline modifications. But non-reproductive germline research and clinical somatic therapy are permitted under certain conditions.
The US situation is more complicated. While federal funding is not presently provided for germline research, no ban on private research (or, for that matter, clinical germline modification) is in place. But since the committee's statement does not urge countries to provide national funding for germline research, it's consistent with the US regulatory landscape.
RNGS Reuters
Body cells or embryos
The committee statement – also in line with many current regulations – makes a careful distinction between clinical somatic cell gene therapies and germline cell therapies. So, the recent infusion of genetically modified white blood cells that saved the life of a baby with leukemia, Layla Richardson, would be acceptable. But it would have been unacceptable if the intervention had also affected her egg cells, and thus future children.
There are three important differences between the two approaches.
Somatic therapies target genes in specific types of cells (lung cells, skin cells, blood cells, etc), while germline modifications, applied to embryos, sperm or eggs, alter the genes in all the resultant person's cells.
Somatic cell modifications are noninheritable, affecting only the treated individual. Germline modifications would be passed on to future generations.
Somatic cell therapies have been tested and implemented for much longer. The first somatic trials occurred two and a half decades ago, while human germline editing studies have only just begun this year.
But do those differences merit a significantly different regulatory approach – a moratorium for clinical germline editing, versus standard regulation for somatic therapies? I would, in line with a critique that appeared during the advent of somatic therapies, suggest not.
Does the ethical distinction make sense?
One reason for the different approaches concerns risk levels. Germline gene therapy both has greater impact and is less established than somatic gene therapy. This certainly merits more caution. Regulatory bodies should be more reluctant to approve therapies with wide-ranging, uncertain effects. It's sensible to demand strong evidence of safety and reasonable risk/benefit ratios before new technologies are made available clinically.
This is the approach we take to all novel biomedical interventions. Indeed, when somatic cell therapy was first proposed, it was also a new therapy with potentially severe risks. Careful regulation, rather than a blanket moratorium, was needed to manage those risks. A similar approach would make sense for germline modifications.
Does what kind of cells you're targeting matter?
Umberto Salvagnin, CC BY
The committee emphasizes in its statement another reason for the distinction between editing genes in the two kinds of cells. Heritability of germline changes is a novel form of risk not adequately accounted for in current regulatory frameworks.
However, I would argue the long-term risks of inheritability unique to germline modification are much less certain and actually more manageable than the short-term risks of harmful modifications shared by somatic therapies. The therapy used on baby Layla was the first of its kind tried in humans, and there was a serious risk of rejection that could have increased her already acute suffering. Those risks needed to be weighed heavily. But it seems unlikely that the overall risk profile would have changed significantly if the treatment would have also have affected the baby's future children.
In this sort of case, there would be at least a decade and a half gap between when a modification occurs and the point at which the affected individual may begin to bear children. That's ample time to detect abnormalities and develop mitigation strategies, including further corrective germline modification. And in any case, I'd argue it would be irresponsible to allow near-term suffering in cases like baby Layla's in order to avoid much more uncertain long-term risks to individuals who don't even exist yet, and may not exist but for the treatment itself.
A final reason for the differentiation is that some people find germline modification to be a morally objectionable form of genetic engineering. Concerns abound that it involves playing God, opens the door to eugenics and will lead to a genetically stratified society.
These objections, though, would also apply to somatic therapy. Modification of the genes in only certain cells is nevertheless still tinkering with human nature, attempting to bring about a superior genetic profile in a person. If one supports a moratorium for germline therapies on such grounds, one should also support a moratorium on somatic therapies, on similar grounds.
As a bioethicist, I suggest we apply the same regulatory approach to somatic gene therapy as to germline therapy. Given the much stronger evidence for the safety and efficacy of certain somatic therapies, in the near-term this will likely mean offering clinical somatic therapies and not clinical germline therapies. Or we could ban both, if one seriously objects to playing God with the human genome.
But carving out a separate regulatory category, as the committee statement seems to imply, is not justified.
G Owen Schaefer, Research Fellow in Biomedical Ethics, National University of Singapore
Tags: gene editinggermlinesomatic
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text:
Search results for "BIO-key International"
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Chaffey College Selects BIO-key's PortalGuard SaaS IAM Solution to Improve the Digital Experience for Students and Faculty
Globe Newswire	 Sep 28, 2020 1
BIO-key International, Inc., an innovative provider of identity and access management (IAM) solutions powered by biometrics, announced that Southern California-based Chaffey College selected BIO-key's PortalGuard cloud hosted IAM solution to enhance the online user experience across the institution. The college required a proven and secure IT solution to provide enterprise-grade online access to key education portals and applications for all of its 29,000+ students and faculty. Marketing Technology News: Blue Hat…
BIO-key Provides Update on African Business Opportunities
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BIO-key Names Visionary Security Marketing Executive Kimberly Johnson VP of Product Marketing, a New Position at the Company
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BIO-key International, Inc., an innovative provider of identity and access management (IAM) solutions powered by biometrics, announced the appointment of Kimberly Johnson, a talented and experienced marketing executive, as Vice-President of Product Marketing, a new position at the Company. Ms. Johnson will be responsible for all aspects of product marketing, including go-to-market strategies and execution, effective positioning, messaging, demand creation and marketing programs. Her marketing management background and…
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Audio Bayan
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Wasif Ali Wasif
Wasif Ali Wasif (R.A) (15 January 1929 – 18 January 1993), a Saint of modern era from Pakistan, well known as educationist, writer, poet, reformer and a mystic intellectual. He was famous for his unique literary style. He used to write short pieces of prose on topics like love, life, fortune, fear, hope, expectation, promise, prayer, happiness, sorrow and so on. Many M Phil and PhD theses have been conducted in various Universities of Pakistan on his life and work,. In one of the theses he is stated as Reformist of Pakistan مصلحِ پاکستان . As a reformist his work in awakening the nation is considered in continuum with Iqbal.
He wrote regular essays, commonly referred as columns, on weekly basis, in Pakistani Urdu newspaper Daily Nawa-i-Waqtنوائے وقت His first ever column entitled "Muhabbat" (love) published in 1984 in literature section of Nawa-i-Waqt, bewildered many in literary circles. In his life, most of his columns were compiledin the forms ofbooks, with his own selected titles, DIL DARYA SAMANDER دل دریا سمندر and QATRA QATRA QALZA قطرہ قطرہ قلزم. and HARF HARF HAQEEQAT حرف حرف حقیقت. Probably no contemporary Urdu writer is more cited in quotations than he is. His aphoristic style of writing has become proverbial and a bench mark in Urdu literature, commonly termed as Wasifian Style of prose writing. His is considered a founder of a new thought system called WASFIYAAT واصفیات, a blend of mystic wisdom, ethics and patriotism. He has beautifully amalgamated Pakistanism with mysticism. His Mystic teachings, taking roots directly from Shariah ( Quran and Hadees) represent the inner core and real essence of Islam. He got a gifted art of creating a rainbow of meanings with the help of very few droplets of words. He may be considered the pioneer of aphorism in Urdu literature.
27th Urs Mubarak
The twenty seventh Urs Mubarak of Wasif Ali Wasif(R.A.) will begin from 30 March.
Audio Collection of
Hazrat Wasif Ali Wasif (R.A)
Typical of a mystic temperament of avoiding neon signs of fame, he himself was never keen in recording his dialogue with his disciples; but one of his devotees, secretly, dedicated himself to record his sessions, on his own. Though mid 80s audio cassette recording technology without even a microphone, did little justice to these recordings, we must salute and pray for the poor soul of our peer bhai, late Sher Ali, whose humble but persistent efforts of recording each and ecery session have enabled the masses to listen a legend a mystic husky voice, shedding pearls of wisdom, all around the world.
© Copyright 2012 Wasif Ali Wasif. All rights reserved.


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SourceTrace ESE™ Agri solution: It is suitable for market and business processes. It tracks the flow of goods from the source to the central processing facilities irrespective of the location being in remote areas. Data is collected on mobile devices, processed immediately and given to the clients enabling them to respond to the market at the earliest. Benefits of this solution are global visibility of operations and supply chain, greater transparency, ensure source traceability, near real-time business intelligence, reduced operational costs, increased internal controls, better resource management and increased capacity to grow.
SourceTrace ESE™ Aqua solution: It is tailored solution for the aquaculture industry. It proffers detailed visibility of aquaculture value chain and operation from pond to market. Apart from the transparency and e-traceability in aquaculture operations and supply chain, this solution provides better resource management and pond health monitoring systems. It is highly Scalable from hundred to thousand of ponds. Real-time business intelligence, reduced operational costs and internal controls systems for enhanced quality control are other benefits of this solution.
SourceTrace ESE™ Agri Farm Traceability Software (FTS): Farmers deserves the recognition for the hard work they invest to produce the food and consumers should be able to trace the farmer and field where the food they are eating is grown. Therefore to give the farmers their due recognition SourceTrace has developed QR Code solution. It is the latest solution developed by the company. It helps to track the produce from the field to the consumer. Even without the use of internet customer can able to locate the farmer and his field before buying the produce. This system helps generating a trust factor among the consumers and also inculcates transparency in the supply chain of the produce. The organization using SourceTrace solution provides complete information about the source of the produce, thereby ensuring the transparency in the system.
SourceTrace ESE™ Plantation solution: It is the tailor made mobile appliaction for estate owners having tea, coffee, rubber, palm oil and other similar crop plantation. The solution designed ensures effective monitoring of fruit weight, bunch size, and other attributes of the plant as well as effectual management of pest and disease. It is done by mapping the entire crop area. It proffers best possible resource management.
SourceTrace ESE™ Forestry solution: It is a mobile data management solutions to map and manage forestry activities and provide complete visibility of operation on real time basis. It captures research experiment data and tracks the movement of mobile users. It is efficient in controlling thefts and other illegal activities in the forest.
With these solutions definitely operational efficiency in agriculture and its allied sectors will be improved and slowly all the loop holes in the system will be resolved. Founded in the year 2006 SourceTrace System has evolved largely by consistently utilizing the digital and mobile technology in the finest way to make the solutions user-friendly and proficient under the leadership of Dr. Venkat Maroju.
Dr. Venkat Maroju became part of the organization in 2012 as CEO. He holds an MBA from MIT Sloan School of Management, Ph.D. in Engineering from Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, Masters in Engineering from Indian Institute of Science. He has extensive grassroots-level experience with social enterprises such as microfinance institutions, farmers' cooperatives, sustainable agriculture, rural supply chain and renewable energy. Being from remote area of Telangana, he is well aware of the hardships of a farmer therefore using the technology has made the agriculture value chain sustainable, transparent and equitable – thus empowering hundreds of thousands of smallholder farmers in developing countries. In addition he has enabled SourceTrace System to attain a unique recognition in the global market by keeping the focus exclusively on agriculture and its allied sectors.
How SourceTrace Systems is bringing the change in agriculture?
In agriculture small and marginal farmers play a vital role as they are the ones producing food for the masses thus we refer them as 'First Mile'. They produce 70% of the food consumed by the world's population! Even being the facilitators of survival of mankind this first mile of agriculture suffers the most. Their life conditions should be improved and it can be done by providing them with the informative guidance on various aspects such as production, harvesting, value addition, marketing and so on. There are more than 500 million farmers in the world who need immediate help. To reach all of them and manage enormous data in agriculture we at SourceTrace Systems use the power of digital technology.
We have number of applications to restructure the agricultural value chains in order to provide the fair credit and empower small and marginal farmers. To do so we provide tailored IT based solutions to small co-operatives, farmer producer companies, agribusiness corporate and government agencies working directly with these farmers.
Every minute detail about the farmers' field is documented such as soil health, crop planting, plant growth status, harvesting etc. The collected data is digitized and given to the organizations (our clients) to have a close understanding of the farm condition. These organizations are then able to help farmers in best possible way by using the information provided by our mobile applications.
How the farmers are benefitted through the solutions offered by SourceTrace Systems?
On the production side we use lot of satellite based data management so that we can advice the farmers on planning their crop production. With such information they can plan the cultivation process and harvest to increase the farm yield. Life of farmer is tough and extremely challenging. First they invest their money for the crop cultivation and post harvest after supplying the produce to the buyers they again have to wait for 6-8 weeks for the payments. With our solutions we reduced this payment cycle to 2 weeks for one our clients who work with farmers.
Besides we connect the farmers to the modern world through digital technology. We give them access to sell their produce, equip them with first-hand information on using machinery to increase their farm yield and offer them visibility as an individual. For example our traceability solutions like QR Code are simple yet effective. It assists the organization that is committed towards food safety in the value chain. These traceability solutions also help the farmers to get higher price in the market there by increasing the value of the produce. It enhances the market linkage as buyers from domestic as well as international market can locate the source of the produce. Farmers who are part of this value chain get benefited as they are able to market their produce to international buyers due to the adaptability of SourceTrace Traceability solution through their associate organization.
What are the unique features of the products and services offered by SourceTrace Systems?
Our solutions can be used for any type of crop production. We can cater to all the variants in horticulture and floriculture. Secondly we work conveniently in 12-13 languages such as Spanish, French, English etc as well as regional languages such as Telugu, Hindi, Tamil etc. In our mobile applications we can support any local language required in very less time thus we find it hassle free to work globally. Thirdly, we are working in extremely remote areas in developing countries where poor connectivity is always a challenge yet we enable smooth operations to our clients because we smartly upload huge data on the server. We ensure their work is not hampered. Lastly all our applications are extremely simple and user friendly even for the field staff. We do not mind working on complex algorithms to create an easy to manage solution in front of the user. We are committed to add value to the core to simplify the agriculture value chains.
Profit margins in agriculture first mile are certainly very thin thus we know organizations like farmers cooperative and farmer producers do have the financial constraints. Nonetheless being rooted strongly to the social purpose we want to reach to the small and marginal farmers therefore we our solutions to these organizations at highly subsidized price. At the same time we also work with big agribusiness corporate those have the power to pay well and we have the backing from resourceful foundations globally. In this way we are able to balance out and cater to various segments in the agriculture. We definitely want to empower the first mile of agriculture. For example we are working with a very small cooperative located at Araku Valley near Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. This cooperative works with only 400 tribal farmers extremely marginal and having land holding less than 2 acre. We have offered our solutions to them because we want to bring the positive change in the lives of these farmers irrespective of all odds.
We are accelerating ourselves to reach 10 million farmers worldwide by improving our solutions consistently. We also plan to develop solutions for other segments in agriculture as well such as value additions, warehouse, packaging etc. We also will be enhancing our capabilities to use more satellite imagery, weather based advisory for benefitting the first mile of agriculture. Soon we will be 9 billion people living on the planet earth and as per UN calculations 700 million people are still malnourished. Thereby we have to produce 50% more food than our present production worldwide. To attain this goal the only way is to make small landholders farmers more efficient using the technology. We at SourceTrace Sytems are competent to do this and we will do it!


I love daisies too! They remind me of Harold and Maude.
I think daisies are just the perfect picture of sweetness. They're just dainty and beautiful.
I love daisies so much, they're so happy!
daisies are my favorite after lilacs!
Daisies remind me of the seventies.
makes me think of summer picnics!
daisies are my all time favorite flower!
Beautiful pics, makes me want to go and make some daisy chains..
Me too :) I have some in little vases on my kitchen window sill right now.
"She smelled of daisies..." reminds me of the song Big Jet Plane by Angus and Julia Stone. Lovely !
oooh ! so pretty. i love daisies! they're so fun.
Daisies are my favorite too. They're so simple, and old fashioned and sweet.
I really like the gerbra daisies too - for a pop of color.


text:
Q: Как настроить отладчик в Lazarus? Здрвствуйте.
В Lazarus не ставятся точки останова. Говорит: "Не указан отладчик. Точки останова не будут иметь эффекта, пока вы не настроете отладчик в диалоге "Параметры отладчика" в меню".
Как настроить отладчик?
Спасибо.
A: В настройках Сервис - Параметры - Отладчик - Общие выбрать тип отладчика


text:
Closing Date: December 9, 2021
On December 6, 2021, Lithium Americas Corp. closed a private placement of unsecured convertible senior notes for gross proceeds of approximately US$225 million. On December 9, 2021, the initial purchasers' exercised their over-allotment option in full, increasing the total offering to approximately US$258 million.
The offering was conducted by a syndicate of underwriters led by Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and Clarksons Platou Securities AS, which acted as joint book-running managers, BMO Capital Markets Corp., Canaccord Genuity LLC and TD Securities Inc., which acted as passive book-running managers, and B. Riley Securities, Inc., Cormark Securities Inc., Cowen and Company, LLC, National Bank Financial Inc., Scotia Capital (USA) Inc., Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, Industrial Alliance Securities Inc. and Tuohy Brothers Investment Research Inc., which acted as co-managers.
Lithium Americas used a portion of the proceeds to repay in full its US$205 million senior secured credit facility.
Cassels Brock & Blackwell LLP acted as Canadian counsel for Lithium Americas with a deal team that included
David Redford,
Evan Low,
Robert Hamilton (securities and mining),
Carla Potter,
Jenna Clark (banking & specialty finance and mining),
Corinne Grigoriu,
Ashley Jung (tax),
Kimberly Dodson (law clerk).
Dorsey & Whitney LLP acted as US counsel for Lithium Americas with a deal team that included
James Guttman,
Nicholas Arruda,
Erin McCrady,
Jude Gee,
Joseph Frydenlund.
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP acted as US counsel for the underwriters with a deal team that included,
Brandon Bailey,
Ryan Dziernioejko,
Aliza Rana,
Sandro Dinobile,
Yossi Vebman.
Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP acted as Canadian counsel for the underwriters with a deal team that included
Kathleen Keilty,
Trevor Simpson,
Sebastian Lowes.
David Redford Carla Potter
Cassels Brock & Blackwell LLP Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP


text:
The Future Fund Releases New Active ETF, FFND
Aaron NeuwirthAug 25, 2021
On Tuesday, the Future Fund LLC, an SEC-registered investment advisor, launched its first ETF, the Future Fund Active ETF (FFND). The fund has begun trading and seeks to provide capital appreciation.
Gary Black, managing partner, and David Kalis, CFA, partner, have teamed up for a second time to bring the ETF to investors. Each has held portfolio management and investment research positions at some of the most well-known firms in the industry. Together, they have more than 50 years of experience managing portfolios for clients.
"We are focused on change," said Black. "We have identified a number of secular megatrends that are changing the world and are investing in the companies we believe are best positioned to capitalize on those trends. We're excited to offer our investors the opportunity to be part of the significant potential we see in the market."
The Future Fund Active ETF is a high conviction portfolio of approximately 40-50 companies that the firm believes are well-positioned to take advantage of the secular growth trends that will drive both the economy and the markets over the next several years.
"These companies attempt to capitalize on these megatrends we see influencing our daily lives," said Kalis, "including 24/7 information and entertainment, automation, lifestyle improvements, and climate sustainability. We're looking for transformational opportunities that could develop over the next several years."
The portfolio managers target equities that they believe have the potential for significant appreciation, and the fund has no restrictions on sectors. The firm conducts proprietary fundamental research with disciplined risk management to select them, a process developed over three decades.
"We use our deep research experience to look for companies that are potentially worth multiples of their current prices," added Black.
Black and Kalis previously worked together as portfolio managers, allowing them to come to a consensus quickly in making investments that benefit investors. They both believe in active management, proprietary research, and high-conviction strategies that do not mirror any indices. They decided to enter the market with an active ETF to ensure transparency, including disclosing their investment process and positions, and reporting any changes daily, affording investors a clear understanding of the investments in the fund.
More information about the advisor and the ETF is available at https://thefuturefund.com.
See disclosure at https://bit.ly/3fQ8ojd.
Blockchain Will Impact These 4 Industries in 2022
Netflix Drop Highlights Benefits of Equal Weighting
The Top 10 Things Gold Investors Should Watch in 2022
Investing in Emerging Markets With FMQQ
Seeking Income in Tough Times for Retirement Portfolios
TOTR Offers Flexibility Within Bonds
This ETF Might Come of Age in 2022
Gold Might Be Ready to Shine Again
International Bonds Offer Diversified Exposure
Get Higher Yield With Less Risk As Inflation Rises


text:
Geedam is een census town in het district Dantewada van de Indiase staat Chhattisgarh.

Demografie
Volgens de Indiase volkstelling van 2001 wonen er 5899 mensen in Geedam, waarvan 51% mannelijk en 49% vrouwelijk is. De plaats heeft een alfabetiseringsgraad van 65%.

Plaats in Dantewada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
import {Type} from '../interface/type';
import {assertLessThan} from '../util/assert';

import {ɵɵdefineInjectable} from './interface/defs';

/**
 * Creates a token that can be used in a DI Provider.
 *
 * Use an `InjectionToken` whenever the type you are injecting is not reified (does not have a
 * runtime representation) such as when injecting an interface, callable type, array or
 * parameterized type.
 *
 * `InjectionToken` is parameterized on `T` which is the type of object which will be returned by
 * the `Injector`. This provides an additional level of type safety.
 *
 * ```
 * interface MyInterface {...}
 * const myInterface = injector.get(new InjectionToken<MyInterface>('SomeToken'));
 * // myInterface is inferred to be MyInterface.
 * ```
 *
 * When creating an `InjectionToken`, you can optionally specify a factory function which returns
 * (possibly by creating) a default value of the parameterized type `T`. This sets up the
 * `InjectionToken` using this factory as a provider as if it was defined explicitly in the
 * application's root injector. If the factory function, which takes zero arguments, needs to inject
 * dependencies, it can do so using the `inject` function.
 * As you can see in the Tree-shakable InjectionToken example below.
 *
 * Additionally, if a `factory` is specified you can also specify the `providedIn` option, which
 * overrides the above behavior and marks the token as belonging to a particular `@NgModule`. As
 * mentioned above, `'root'` is the default value for `providedIn`.
 *
 * @usageNotes
 * ### Basic Examples
 *
 * ### Plain InjectionToken
 *
 * {@example core/di/ts/injector_spec.ts region='InjectionToken'}
 *
 * ### Tree-shakable InjectionToken
 *
 * {@example core/di/ts/injector_spec.ts region='ShakableInjectionToken'}
 *
 *
 * @publicApi
 */
export class InjectionToken<T> {
  /** @internal */
  readonly ngMetadataName = 'InjectionToken';

  readonly ɵprov: unknown;

  /**
   * @param _desc   Description for the token,
   *                used only for debugging purposes,
   *                it should but does not need to be unique
   * @param options Options for the token's usage, as described above
   */
  constructor(protected _desc: string, options?: {
    providedIn?: Type<any>|'root'|'platform'|'any'|null, factory: () => T
  }) {
    this.ɵprov = undefined;
    if (typeof options == 'number') {
      (typeof ngDevMode === 'undefined' || ngDevMode) &&
          assertLessThan(options, 0, 'Only negative numbers are supported here');
      // This is a special hack to assign __NG_ELEMENT_ID__ to this instance.
      // See `InjectorMarkers`
      (this as any).__NG_ELEMENT_ID__ = options;
    } else if (options !== undefined) {
      this.ɵprov = ɵɵdefineInjectable({
        token: this,
        providedIn: options.providedIn || 'root',
        factory: options.factory,
      });
    }
  }

  toString(): string {
    return `InjectionToken ${this._desc}`;
  }
}

export interface InjectableDefToken<T> extends InjectionToken<T> {
  ɵprov: unknown;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Pete Carroll: Russell Wilson is a true veteran now
By Conor Orr
Published: June 22, 2016 at 10:20 a.m.
Updated: June 22, 2016 at 04:26 p.m.
Joe Thomas' snaps streak ends after triceps injury
Browns bench rookie Kizer for Kessler during loss
Seahawks coach Pete Carroll is a positive person, so his words often need to be taken with a grain of salt.
But as the team broke camp for the spring, heading into their five-week vacation away from the facility, Carroll could not have been stronger in his gushing opinion of quarterback Russell Wilson.
"He has had a great camp," Carroll said, via the team's official site. "You guys have asked me, 'When's he going to arrive?' or 'How long is it going to take?' and all that, and I kept telling you, it's going to be down the road. It takes four, five, six years -- you don't know -- for these guys to develop. He has made a clear step ahead. His command is all-time. His ability to move defenders with his eyes to set up some things -- he's consistently doing that, almost unconsciously, he's so clued in. We saw him throw the ball all over the field throughout the offseason and he's been strong and accurate and really precise about stuff. He has had a great offseason.
"This is year five. It has taken all of this time to get to this point, and he'll still improve, but you can really see him as a real true vet now. I think coming off of last year, with the great success of the second half of the season, he has taken it right in the offseason and here we go. It's been our best offseason and I think it's an indication of the development of our guys."
We sometimes turn a deaf ear to comments like these. Coach thinks already great player will be greater -- what could better define the black hole the NFL offseason can become when coaches are asked to comment on countless minutiae while meaningful games linger so far in the distance?
But what if Carroll is right?
Wilson threw 12 more touchdowns last year than he did in any other NFL season and tossed just eight interceptions. His completion percentage is pushing 70, his yardage has topped 4,000 and his total value to the offense has never been higher. The Seahawks are quick to remind the media when we sleep on their greatness, and perhaps this offseason is the perfect example. Yes, they've lost Marshawn Lynch, but what happens when Wilson inevitably learns more and improves?
There were moments last year when Wilson reminded us more of Aaron Rodgers or Ben Roethlisberger than say, Andrew Luck or Cam Newton (quarterbacks where mobility is a significant factor in their success). Carroll specifically mentioned Wilson's ability to look off safeties, which was spectacular upon a second watching of his throws from 2015.
Maybe this isn't the type of comment to ignore.


After being frustrated for so long about the poor selection of synthetic stocks on the market for the CZ 550, I decided to make our own. I wanted a stock that was extremely strong, felt good in the hands, and had the "Old English" look like the premium wood stocks that we make. In fact, we used one of our English Walnut DGR stocks for the pattern for the molds.
The stocks are made with hand-laid fiberglass one at a time and solid-epoxy filled; there is no foam filler forward of the grip cap. The stocks aren't lightweights, they weigh about the same as an English Walnut stock, 2-1/2 lbs.+/-. This is critical to keep the proper balance that is so important in a DGR. These are not "drop-in", one-size-fits-all stocks. The epoxy interior of each stock is poured around your individual barreled action for a perfect fit; there is no glass bedding required. As I said, these are not "drop-ins", so we don't sell the stocks by themselves. We will install one on your barreled action though. We also offer them as an option on our custom DGR's and our CZ # 3 upgrades. Order a custom DGR with a wood stock and our fiberglass stock and be ready for any weather conditions. Also, your wood stock and glass stock will be exactly the same.
The stocks come with the following features: Solid epoxy fill, hidden or exposed cross-bolts, open grip, wide comb, large Pachmayr Decellerator recoil pad, cast-off and toe-out, several color choices, two cheek-piece styles, and two bottom-metal styles; factory or Wiebe one-piece. We can also add Mercury recoil reducers.
We are now building stocks for the Granite Mountain Arms Magnum, African Magnum and Winchester Model 70 pre and post '64.


Just click on the exam you're studying for using the tabs on the left-hand side of the screen. Then, you can select the subelement and group you're interested in using the buttons in the application window.
A grammar correction if you do not mind. The word "your" is misused here. The form you want is "you're" which is a contraction of the two words: "you are".


Now we get down to it. Now we uncover the truth….
The timetable said Practical Horticulture with Amanda. An afternoon session in the Palace gardens.
Go to the Twentieth Century Garden, they told us. It's a beautiful day. You'll really enjoy yourselves.
It all seemed so innocent.
But this picture tells a different story.
And the smiles on the faces of our so called tutors…..
They look so friendly, don't they?
Ahahah thank you for the nice laugh. Was lovely to found your blog and see Amanda and Matt..But where the Apple Espaliers are gone??????


text:
Tony D. Sampson's interview on Crowd, Power and Post-democracy in the 21st Century
Tony D. Sampson's interview on digital populism and recent European political phenomena, held on 14th June 2013 with the author of this blog and of Rizomatika.
EDIT: We collected Sampson's interview in PDF file that you can download or read online. All interviews on digital populism - in English language - are collected into a single file HERE. The e.book that collects all the interviews is titled "Nascita del populismo digitale. Masse, potere e postdemocrazia nel XXI secolo" and it's available for free download
HERE!
Crowd, Power and Post-democracy in the 21st Century
'Rural fascism and city or neighborhood fascism, youth fascism and war veteran's fascism... fascism of the couple, family, school, and office. Only the micro-fascism can answer the global question: "why does desire long for its repression? how can it desires its very own repression?"'
— Gilles Deleuze, Fèlix Guattari, A thousand plateaus, pg.271
On the micro-fascism
OC Let us start from the analysis Wu Ming set out in their brief essay Grillismo: Yet another right-wing cult coming from Italy and which interprets Grillo's Five Star Movement as a new authoritarian right-wing faction. Why did the desire for change of much of the electorate long once again for its very repression? We seem to witness the re-affirmation of Wilhelm Reich's thought: at a given moment in history the masses wanted fascism. The masses have not been deceived: they have understood very well the danger of authoritarianism; but they have voted it anyway. Even more worrying is that the authoritarian Berlusconi's Freedom People (PDL) and Grillo's Five Star Movement (M5S) conquer more than half of the Italian electorate together. A very similar situation arose in the UK in May 2013, with the UKIP's exploit in the latest local elections. Why and in what measure are the toxins of authoritarianism and micro-fascism present in contemporary European society?
TS I'd like to think this through using Tarde's somnambulist as the situation seems to lend itself to a theory of sleepwalking subjects, but this approach should also have a UK political context. So yes, once again, we are faced with a surge in rightwing popularism, particularly here in my home county of Essex: a much maligned county east of London along the Thames Estuary. Across the UK the rise of the right should not really be a surprise. The working poor and unemployed have been hit hard by the Tory cuts. They need someone to blame and political forces like UKIP, BNP and EDL (English Defence League) have just the (one) policy to do that: they blame the "Others". Moreover though, many of these people have completely turned their backs on the left. This is partly due to the Thatcher-Murdoch demonizations in the 1980s, but it's also due to the failure of the kind of bourgeois democracy they experienced under New Labour. Blair's "third way" decimated left thinking in the middle ground. He moved the centre left further to the right than the Tories with his public-private initiatives and laissez-faire approach to banking and communications. Now we have the coalition and their insulting mantra of "we're all in this together." Unemployment is on the increase, along with mini-jobs and their derisory contracts. The Liberals used to soak up the popular protest vote. No one believed they could ever really get into power. But they did! The illusion of bourgeois democracy is now exposed, which is a good thing, but this could also mean that many people in Essex turn even further to the right.
This broad macropolitical failure does not however explain it all. At the microsocial level of the "people" we are, it seems, seeing the continuance of fascistic political unconscious. In Essex the people have voted Tory for years. Indeed, the question the left have been asking for a long time now is why people in this neglected London overspill support a political class of expensively educated, career politicians whose policies contradict their own interests? Is this a people who seek their own repression? So yes Reich's question is pertinent once again. We need to try to rethink what seemed to him to be the perverse impulses of the fascist unconscious; a desire for repression that seeps through the layers into conscious rational choices. Why do so many people desire this kind of popular fascism? They are aware. They are not deceived. The fascist brain is caught up in a mixture of rebellious emotions and reactionary ideas against the putrid centre ground. But it is not democracy they desire. They are in need of a religion to protect them from the chaos. They crave authority, as Reich argued. They desire belief.
While Reich's binary thinking may have famously helped him to mistake the desire to be repressed for an irrational perversion of an otherwise rational state, he did point out that Marxist sociology offers an equally binary perspective of the desiring machine. They had it wrong about mass psychology. Contrary to how we perceive the masses through the lenses of Marxist thinking, they do not perceive themselves as a hard done by proletariat pitched against the bourgeoisie elite. Desire does not have a class distinction hidden inside. As Reich points out, the Marxist ideal of abolishing private property seems to clash with the people's desire for all kinds of commodities. He mentioned shirts, pants, typewriters, toilet paper, books etc, but today we can add iphones and flat screen TVs. They also seem not the least concerned if it is the state or the private sector that appropriates their surplus labour. No surprise then that the promises of a return to the student protests of 1968 all but fizzled out in the winter of 2011. Indeed, it was the English summer riots that emerged as a much greater force. But this was no Arab Spring. Nobody took over Trafalgar Square. They went straight to the shopping mall. Perhaps the rioter's desire to loot needs to be grasped as a kind of perversion of the desire to shop.
1919, 1933, 2013. On the crisis
OC In 2008 Slavoj Zizek said that when the normal run of things is traumatically interrupted, the field is open for a 'discursive' ideological competition. In Germany in the early 1930s Hitler won the competition to determine which narrative would explain the reasons for the crisis of the Weimar Republic — the Jewish conspiracy and the corruption of political parties. Zizek ends his reflection by stating that the expectations of the radical left to get scope for action and gain consent may be deceptive as populist or racist formations will prevail: the Greek Golden Dawn, the Hungarian Fidesz, the French Front National, the UK Independence Party are examples. Italy has had farcical groups such as the Lega Nord or the recent Five Star Movement, a bizarre rassemblement that seems to combine Reverend Jones People's Temple with Syriza, or 'revolutionary boyscoutism' with the disciplinarism of the societies of control. How can one escape the crisis? What discursive, possibly-winning narratives should be developed? Are the typically Anglo-Saxon neo-Keynesian politics an answer or, on the countrary, is it the new authoritarian populism that will prevail?
TS Perhaps I need to begin by realizing the limits of a my philosophical approach in this context. I cannot provide a discursive formation. It's about relational concepts rather than a series of logical propositions. This will not lead to that. We need to approach discursive formations by exposing the nondiscursive relations of encounter with events. For example, we can ask how the microsocial encounters macrolevel politics. What are the new layers of experience that succeed Reich? What is it that viscerally appeals to the "people" of Essex? Perhaps it is fear! There is the Eastern European conspiracy/contagion here (they are coming for our jobs and benefits). They blame it on the Muslims too (they want to kill us all). What escape do we have from these formations? What kind of intervention could clear away the fog of populism that obscures affirmative felt relations: the empathy all repressed people should have in common with each other.
On the missing people
OC Mario Tronti states that 'there is populism because there is no people.' That of the people is an enduring theme which Tronti disclaims in a very Italian way: 'the great political forces use to stand firmly on the popular components of the social history: the Catholic populism, the socialist tradition, the diversity in communism. Since there was the people, there was no populism.' Paul Klee often complained that even in historical artistic avant-gardes 'it was people who were lacking.' However the radical critique to populism has led to important results: the birth of a mature democracy in America; the rise of the theory and the practice of revolution in the Tsarist Empire, a country plagued by the contradictions of a capitalist development in an underdeveloped territory (Lenin and bolshevism). Tronti carries on in his tranchant analysis of the Italian and European backgrounds: 'In today's populism, there is no people and there is no prince. It is necessary to beat populism because it obscures the relations of power.' Through its economic-mediatic-judicial apparatuses, neopopulism constantly shapes "trust-worthy people" similar to the "customers portfolio" of the branded world of neoliberal economy: Berlusconi's "people" have been following the deeds of Arcore's Sultan for twenty years; Grillo's followers are adopting similar all-encompassing identifying processes, giving birth to the more confused impulses of the Italian social strata. With institutional fragility, fluctuating sovereignties and the oblivion of left-wing dogmas (class, status, conflict, solidarity, equality) how can we form people today? Is it possible to reinvent an anti-authoritarian people? Is it only the people or also politics itself that is lacking?
TS One source of the fog of populism is the seemingly reciprocal relation between the people and the media. While some coverage of the protests in Turkey are appearing at the backend of BBC news reports, top of the most watched/listened to list on the news website have been items relating to the price of the new PS4, interest in Apple's new look for iOS 7; and live video coverage from Westminster Abbey of a special service to mark the 60th anniversary of the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. The media has also perpetuated the rise of the loveable rightwing buffoon: UKIP's Nigel Farage and the Tories' Boris Johnson. These rightwing conceptual personae help to obscure power relations in the UK, which are rapidly sinking back to a people dominated by those "born to rule" Bullingdon bullies.1 So yes, I agree with Tronti's point that you raise, about the people being missing from populism, or at least, to put it another way, they are difficult to make out in all this fog. A new people need to be found.
On ControlOC In Postscript on the Societies of Control, published in 1990, Gilles Deleuze states that, thanks to the illuminating analyses of Michel Foucault, a new diagnosis of contemporary Western society has emerged. Deleuze's analysis is as follows: control societies have replaced disciplinary societies at the beginning of the twentieth century. He writes that 'marketing is now the instrument of social control and it forms the impudent breed of our masters.' Let us evaluate who stands beyond two very successful electoral adventures such as Forza Italia (Berlusconi's first party) and M5S: respectively Publitalia 80 owned by Marcello Dell'Utri, and Casaleggio Asssociati owned by Gianroberto Casaleggio. The incontrovertible fact that two marketing companies stand behind these political projects reinforces Deleuze's analysis. Mechanisms of control, media events such as exit polls and infinite surveys, im/penetrable databases, data as commodities, continuous spin doctoring, influencers that lead consensus on the net, opaque bots, digital squads, dominant echo-chambering. Evil media. These are the determinations of post-ideological (post-democratic?) neoliberalism. The misery of the new control techniques competes only with that of the glass house of transparency (web-control, of course). Jacques Ranciere says we live in the epoch of post- politics: how can we get out of the neo-liberal cage and free ourselves from the ideological consensus of its electoral products? What will the reconfiguration of left-wing politics be after the exhaustion of Marxist hegemony?
TS We not only need to find the people, but also better grasp what their desires might be. With this in mind, it is perhaps interesting to look at the rhetoric of contagion deployed by the Tories. They do not want to defend their privilege, they say; they want to spread it!2
This is the sort of hollow discourse that is easy to see through, but a little harder to resist. Not simply because the relations of power are dominated by the privileged, but because the "people" desire the inventions of privilege. The somnambulist subject is lead by example so much so that the examples he desires become incarnated in him. He desires to become the example that is copied. In Essex the sleepwalkers are caught up in their passionate interest in becoming rich businessmen, footballers, celebrities, soldiers, gangsters. Of course most people never get anywhere near to what they aspire to be, but are forever striving for it. So if you cannot become what you aspire to be, the next best option is to continue to follow the example. Where else is there to go? Desire needs somewhere to go.
Not that every example is unobtainable. It is fairly easy to become a soldier in Essex or at least pretend to be one by lining up in support of "our" boys through thick and thin, through legal and illegal wars. This is the threat posed by the EDL. Tarde would have described these people as somnambulists; not merely unconscious beings, but unconscious by association.
The Tory think tanks grasp this thing about examples well, I think. They employed an aspirational Essex man to become their voice in the popular press. Andy Coulson (now charged with phone hacking) worked his way up from a local Essex newspaper to become the editor of Murdoch's poisonous tabloids. He was introduced to counter the Eton accents with the voice of working class aspiration. They needn't have bothered because the working class in Essex have long been in love with the posh. The recent rise of rightwing buffoonery has arrived via a long held passion for inventions like Saatchi's Thatcher and the much older Royal brand that seems to continue to soak up the desire to be repressed.
As Reich said, the working classes do not see themselves as a struggling proletariat. They see themselves in mixture with the middle classes. That's not a bad thing. Any modicum of change would require the involvement of all. However, unlike Turkey at this moment where it is the young middle classes who are willing to be on the streets in the protests, the left leaning middle classes here in Essex are hiding in their cosy enclaves. They have too much to lose. Even the growing instability of their jobs in the City is not enough (yet) to get them out on the streets or anywhere near their poorer neighbours. So what would it take to shake them out of their neoliberal cages?
On the Googlization of politics; the financial side of digi-populismOC The first decade of the 21st century has been characterized by the rise of neo-capitalism, referred to as cognitive; in this context a company like Google has established itself as the perfect synthesis of web-business as it does not compensate, if not in a small part, the content-carriers it lists. In Italy, following the electoral success of the Five Star Movement we witnessed a mutation of the typical prosumer of social networks: the new figure of the "prosumer-voter" was in fact born on Grillo's blog - being essentially the one and only channel of information of the movement. The blog is a commercial activity and the high number of contacts and daily access has steadily increased in the last year. This digital militancy produces incomes both in the form of advertising and online sales of products such as DVDs, books and other material associated with the movement. All of this leads to the risk of googlization of politics whereby the modes of financing political activity radically change because of the "network surplus-value" - an expression coined by the researcher Matteo Pasquinelli to define that portion of incomes extracted from the practices of the web prosumers. Having said this, are we about to witness a shift of the financial paradigm applied to politics? Will the fundings from powerful lobbies or the general public be replaced by micro-donations via web (in the style of Obama's) and by the exploitation of the prosumer-voters? And if so, will the dominant 'googlization of politics' involve any particular risks?
TS In many ways this is a second front. The fear contagions perpetuated by the mainstream media only go so far. They need to be accompanied by the intimacy of something like Obama's campaign. This is just the tip of a much bigger effort to tap into, to nudge, and to steer feelings via networks. This is a different kind of propaganda model though. The networking of Obama love has at its heart a user experience designer. The risk is that the contagion will be so well designed that we'll be distracted enough and miss it. The best user experiences are invisible.
On digital populism, on affective capitalismOC James Ballard once said that after the religions of the Book we should expect those of the Web. Some claim that, in fact, a first techno-religion already exists in the form of Affective Capitalism whose technological and communicative characteristics mirror those of network cultures. This notion of a secularized cult can be traced back to Walter Benjamin's thought but is enriched by a very contemporary mix of affective manipulation techniques, politics of neo-liberalism and political practices 2.0. The rise of the Five Stars Movement is the first successful example of italian digital populism; Obama's campaign in the U.S.A. has witnessed an evolution of micro-targeting techniques - customized political offers via the web. The new frontier of both medical and economic research is producing a disturbing convergence of evolving 'fields of knowledges': control theories, neuro-economics and neuro-marketing. In 1976, in the optic of the 'war-repression' schema, Foucault entitled his course at the Collège de France 'Society must be defended'. Now, faced with the general friability of all of us, how can we defend ourselves from the impact of affective capitalism and its digital practices? Can we put forward a differential, local knowledge which, as Foucault said, 'owes its force only to the harshness with which it is opposed by everything surrounding it'?
TS The politics of Tarde's somnambulist can be found in two places. The first is in the capricious force of imitative encounter; in the affective contagions that spread through the fog. Rightwing ideas and emotions can sometimes spread like wild fire. In the wake of the Woolwich murder we expect to see much more of this. The second requires an intervention into the vital forces that link example to example. What is perhaps needed is interference; not a counterimitation, but a nonimitation that breaks down the flow of certain fascist inventions: a deterritorialization. In effect, the somnambulist needs to wake up!
Many have seen both kinds of politics manifested in network cultures. Social media encourages both intervention and sleepwalking. To this extent, I am concerned that the to and fro of e-petitions on Facebook and Twitter can also have an entropic effect on protest. Again, it seems to soak up desire rather than deterritorializing it. I wonder therefore if Tarde's vitalist imitation can replace Reich's Orgone as an anti-entropic force. Unlike Reich, Tarde was not a binary thinker. He positioned the irrationality of biological desires and seemingly rational in an inseparable in-between space. Microsociology becomes a mixture of visceral experiences, mechanical habits, and an illusion of self that is not locked away, but vividly etched with the suggestibility of the Other. It is in this multilayered culture that desires become appropriated by social invention. Quite often, it seems, these inventions take on a fascistic dimension: rural, city, youth, family, as Deleuze saw microfascism everywhere! So we still need to focus on resisting all forms of fascism, but trying out nonimitative interferences rather than taking counter positions.
A small, but perhaps significant interference that we have seen recently is the Railway pub in Southend in Essex. It was once known as the BNP (British National Party) pub. They used to meet there I'm told.3 The pub has certainly become Other. We recently saw a bouncer threaten to eject someone for a racist comment. Now it is a haunt for local artists, musicians and one would hope a shadow of a different kind of Essex people. It plays host to leftwing film nights and union meetings. What is more interesting is that the pub is not a middle class comfort zone by any means, but the middle classes are beginning to visit. Whether or not this or any other cultural hub can really grow into something that can intervene in the kind of popularist somnambulism we see in Essex is of course circumspect, but as a site of nonimitation the removal of the BNP it seems like an interesting place to explore. What kinds of deterritorialization occur in these places? What new people might emerge?
1 The Bullingdon Club is a secret society dining club exclusive to students at Oxford University. The club has no permanent rooms and is notorious for its members' wealth and destructive binges. Membership is by invitation only, and prohibitively expensive for most, given the need to pay for the uniform, dinners and damages. PM Cameron, London Mayor Johnson and Chancellor George Osborne were all members, as well as the financer Nathaniel Philip Rothschild.
2 In a speech to the Tory party conference on Wednesday Oct 10th 2012, British PM David Cameron promised to 'spread privilege' of the kind he enjoyed growing up as he vowed to make the country one of aspiration.
3 There is currently an EDL pub in the town.
Tony D. Sampson is Reader in Digital Culture and Communication at the School of Art and Digital Industries of the University of East London. His research work focuses upon the 'dark intersection' in between sociology, marketing, digital culture and neuroscience, with a specific interest for phenomena of virality and infection. He likes to experiment with audiovisual techniques and has done so in a few live events and talks. Sampson is co-editor (with Jussi Parikka) of the 'Spam Book: On Viruses, Porn, and Other Anomalies From the Dark Side of Digital Culture' (Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2009). His latest book 'Virality: Contagion Theory in the Age of Networks' (University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis) published in June 2012 builds upon notions of Gabriel Tarde's microsociology and Deleuze's philosophy of the event. He blogs at Virality.
Painting: Stelios Faitakis
Etichette: Crowd Power and Post-Democracy, Crowd/Mass, Democrazia, Estrema Destra/Right-Wing Populism, Populismo, Tony D. Sampson
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