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69th Venice International Film Festival will run from August 29th 2012
Venice International Film Festival was founded by Count Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata in 1932. Perhaps no one understood the power an international film festival could have better than Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata; commissioned president of the Venice Biennale by Mussolini. Volpi expanded the Biennale in 1932 to include the Mostra Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica. The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world. The festival takes place every year in late August or early September in Venice. The 69th Venice International Film Festival, organized by La Biennale di Venezia, will run at Venice Lido August 29th through September 8th, 2012, directed by Alberto Barbera. The aim of the Festival is to raise awareness and promote all the various aspects of international cinema in all its forms: as art, entertainment and as an industry, in a spirit of freedom and tolerance. The Festival includes retrospectives and homages to major figures as a contribution towards raising awareness of the history of cinema. Three International Juries will assign the official awards of the 69th Venice Film Festival: Venezia 69 ( Michael Mann President, Marina Abramovic, Laetitia Casta, Peter Ho-Sun Chan, Ari Folman, Matteo Garrone, Ursula Meier, Samantha Morton, Pablo Trapero-members) ,Orizzonti( Pierfrancesco Favino President, Sandra den Hamer, Runa Islam, Jason Kliot, Nadine Labaki, Milcho Manchevski, Amir Naderi-members), Opera Prima ( Shekhar Kapur- President, Michel Demopoulos, Isabella Ferrari, Matt Reeves, Bob Sinclar –members). For the first time in the history of the Venice International Film Festival, 10 feature-length films and 13 short films from the Orizzonti section will be available for viewing ( the virtual theatre online, reservations for 500 "seats") in streaming all over the world concurrently with the official screenings on the Lido of the 69th Venice International Film Festival (29 August – 8 September 2012). The American director, screenwriter, and producer Michael Cimino will be honoured with the Persol 2012 award of the Venice International Film Festival which aims to celebrate a legend of international filmmaking. The main sections are Venezia 69 -International competition of feature films, presented as world premieres, Out of Competition -Important works by directors already established in previous editions of the Festival, Orizzonti -The new trends in world cinema ,«80!» -Retrospective section on rare films from the Biennale's Historical Archives, Venice Classics -A selection of restored classic films and documentaries on cinema, and Special Screening .In addition to these sections there would be International Critics' Week , a series of 7 films – debut works – independently organized by a commission nominated by the SNCCI and Giornate degli Autori - Venice Days an Independent section promoted by the Italian Association of Filmmakers ANAC and 100 Autori.
69th Venice International Film Festival will run f...
Oliver Stone will receive Special Award in 60th ed...
Berlinale Talent Campus, Goethe-Institut and FIPRE...
" Arbitrage" will be opening the Official Section ...


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De Falémé is een rivier in West-Afrika. De Falémé ontstaat in het noorden van Guinee en stroomt in een noordoostelijke richting naar Mali, en vormt daar een kort gedeelte van de grens tussen Guinee en Mali. Vandaar stroomt de rivier naar het noorden en vormt dan een deel van de grens tussen Mali en Senegal, voordat hij 50 kilometer stroomopwaarts van de stad Bakel in de Sénégal uitmondt.

Rivier in Guinee
Rivier in Mali
Rivier in Senegal
Stroomgebied van de Sénégal

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Alex Wann is the teams and field communications coordinator for Samaritan's Purse in Bolivia.
Since the beginning of my employment in the Samaritan's Purse Bolivia office more than a year and a half ago, I've heard about the Ruth Bell Boat Clinic program. A few months ago, I finally got to experience a trip, and it was even more special than I expected.
Fabricio's father gave him support as he had his tooth pulled. The next day, Fabricio returned to the boat to thank the team.
The Ruth Bell Boat program began in 2011. It's a fully functional clinic that provides primary medical and dental care services to people living in remote areas. Through this program, communities receive medical and dental consultation, access to medicine, spiritual counseling, prayer, community Gospel outreach activities, and more.
To be able to see and experience the Ruth Bell firsthand was humbling and inspiring. I worked mainly with the dental team to check-in patients and translate. In a timeframe of two weeks, we saw 414 patients for medical consultation and 139 patients for dental consultation. Many of those patients received both forms of care.
This trip reminded me that in the context of following Christ, what we do is always less important than how we do it. The way we listen to, serve, pray with, and talk about Jesus with patients is the difference. So often, we're in turn blessed by their personalities, their hospitality, and their genuine gratitude.
Mirna is a sister in Christ and a community leader in El Peru, a large rural community on the Apere River. She helped the Ruth Bell team by organizing the check-in process for more than 150 patients seen in three days. We were so blessed by her and encouraged to see a follower of Jesus in an important community leadership role.
She invited our program coordinator to preach at her local congregation. He spoke for Bolivian Father's Day about the importance of being a father who truly loves God and his family in word and deed. Supporting the local church and supporting local believers in community leadership positions is a vital part of the Ruth Bell Boat Clinic ministry strategy.
Bolivian cowboy Lucho and his son, Hugo, came to the boat to receive dental attention and to see a doctor about a rash. Cowboys in Beni are common aboard the boat because the occupation is common in the area.
Also in the community of El Peru, a mother shared with us that though she isn't a believer, her two sons are followers of Christ and attend the local church. In addition, her oldest daughter is a believer and a nurse married to a Navy doctor living in the U.S.
One afternoon this mother came back to the boat so that we could talk to her daughter in the States. We enjoyed this unique connection and shared with the daughter more about Samaritan's Purse and the Ruth Bell. She encouraged us in our work and expressed desire to someday serve with her husband on the Ruth Bell.
In a male-dominated culture, where many times women are designated to take care of all tasks dealing with the children, we were intrigued to see the counter-cultural example of Fabricio and his father. Though Fabricio, a 7-year-old boy, was fearful of getting his tooth pulled, he had incredible support in his loving father who spoke words of encouragement to him and assured him.
Fabricio was one of the few children to come back to the boat the next day to say thank you, giving us a huge smile and proudly showing the new hole in his teeth. We encouraged this father to continue to love his son well.
Lucho, a real-deal Bolivian cowboy, had just returned from working out in the pasture. He had cleaned himself up and brought his young boy, Hugo, with him to the boat. Lucho needed dental attention and little Hugo needed to see the doctor about a skin rash.
The Ruth Bell Boat often sees these cowboys as patients because Beni is one of the largest cattle producing regions in Bolivia and the majority of people work directly for the industry. Some cowboys even ride more than eight hours on horseback into town to be seen by a doctor or dentist. Many leave with a Bible and with hope about the love of Christ for their life.
When the Ruth Bell docks in a community, it searches for shade. Without it, the sweltering temperatures of the Bolivian Amazon can become challenging for the medical and dental team members and their ability to work. Finding shade means that patients waiting outside the boat can also find shelter from the hot sun.
It's common for staff from the Ruth Bell to start the day by meeting with this large group of people, explaining the process of the clinic, and then joyfully talking about Jesus. We pray that hearing the Gospel will be another opportunity for these people to respond to the incredible love of Christ. We also share the Gospel in consultations and through local evangelistic activities or movie nights.
Seeing and enjoying God's creation in the Bolivian Amazon is a tremendous pleasure and constantly leaves our team in even more awe of our Creator.
One day an elderly woman came aboard the boat for medical consultation. She used a handmade walking cane and boarded with significant assistance. Seeing a special opportunity to bless her, we made an announcement to the people on the boat that we had been searching for the most beautiful woman in the region and that we had just found her. Her face lit up with a smile, and she relaxed even more. We're honored to serve elderly people on the Ruth Bell.
The most beautiful lady in the region was an elderly woman who walked with a handmade cane.
On our last stop on this trip, we were able to attend to nearly all of the children in the local school. After nearly two weeks of seeing young children with severe tooth decay, we were impressed that the majority of these boys and girls only needed a consultation and cleaning. We encouraged them to continue taking good care of their teeth and to remember how much Jesus loves them.
The dental team members have now served on the Ruth Bell three and four times successively. To see their commitment, their friendship, and their fellowship in action was an inspiration. It's a joy when friends come together to serve the Lord.
It was also a great pleasure to see the Adams working together for Christ as a family team. Dr. Greg (MD), Carol (RN), and Hallie (RN) joined us on the Ruth Bell for the first time and did a tremendous job of serving our medical patients with great care, gentleness, a fun-loving spirit, and the love of Christ. It's a joy when a family comes together to serve the Lord.


Definitely the electrical guitar is without doubt one of the most fascinating devices thus far and does comprise some very fascinating electrical guitar information and information that persons are not conscious of particularly contemplating people who play the instrument. This pretty instrument has been round for many years and has improved alongside the way in which. The primary massive guitar manufacturers that got here in have been Gibson Les Paul and likewise Fender. The guitars offered by these two completely different manufacturers sounded fairly completely different. The Gibson guitars sounds are fairly heavy because of its heavier picks in comparison with the Fender guitars sounding bluesy with a rounded tone. However each manufacturers have created a historical past of legendary guitar gamers alongside the way in which therefore making their signature tone. There are actually quite a few completely different guitar manufacturers with completely different costs.One can simply be simply picked up from an area music retailer. This instrument takes numerous time to have the ability grasp.
So listed below are the highest 10 electrical guitar information.
1. The primary electrically amplified guitar was invented by George Beauchamp in 1931.
2. Gibson Les Paul is names after early guitar experimenter and musician Les Paul.
three. No electrical crosses or interferes with the instrument itself.
four. An electrical guitar makes use of electromagnetic to transform vibrations of its metallic strings into electrical indicators.
5. No different musical instrument has encountered as a lot influence on how music has developed for the reason that starting of the 20th century than the electrical guitar.
6. This instrument is able to producing quite a few types of music corresponding to jazz, rock, blues, Funk, soul, metallic all from simply 6 six strings.
7. The primary materials is stable wooden.
eight. There are a lot of variations of the electrical guitar, corresponding to 7, eight and 9 and 12 stringed guitars, double necked guitars, and even a five-necked guitar.
9. These devices additionally use tremolo arms which may be fastened and eliminated simply which is used to vary the pitch of the strings.
10. Jimi Hendrix is essentially the most well-known guitarist as he experimented with its sound in many alternative methods. He made it speak by its sound and strategies of performed it to its potential. Jimi Hendrix performed a Fender Stratocaster.
11. They seize their sound by three most important pickups referred to as single coil and humbucker pickups.
12. Left-handed guitars are made in a different way to right-handed guitars though a right-handed instrument may be performed by left-handed gamers however stringed in a different way.


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Balance can be split into three aspects. There is balance on a physical basis as in stability, there is balance in terms of equivalence, (ambidexterity and potentiality), and there is balance as in harmonise, regulating the relationship between mind and body.
Physically, Wing Chun practice works to foster a heightened degree of stability with regard to your bodies working parts and your connection to the ground. The most dangerous time for a human being when engaging in combat, is when he loses physical balance.
The biggest risk would be falling to the floor and hitting your head. Wing Chun helps you to master proprioception (a strong sense of where your body, centre of mass and balance lie in time and space) so timely corrections can be made and safety maintained through a variety of movements and positions.
Wing Chun has equal requirements of both left & right sides. The process of learning Wing Chun promotes ambidexterity so left and right sides can operate simultaneously, cooperatively and equivalently. Cohesion within the joint system on left and right sides is also of importance to aid connectivity between the arms, the legs, and the floor, regulating posture and power. When mastered, this can be viewed as the body working optimally, as well as you gaining the ability to carry yourself functionally through time and space.
Utilising good postural habits aids the practice of combat, as well as operating as an injury preventative in all life tasks from walking, pulling, pushing, lifting, and carrying. Old people in Martial Arts are often perceived as fit and agile. Wing Chun offers you the tools to meet maturity with both grace, confidence and good health.
Wing Chun is a deep practice because it encompasses so many individual strengths working cohesively to a single aim. It is both a mental and physical puzzle.
A number of activities are often promoted as benefiting mind and body. After a short time practicing Wing Chun, you will definitely identify this practice as being both a physical and mental work out, enhancing the synergy that operates between brain and body. This is a guarantee.
Posture has been touched on above and is necessary for maintaining the health and function of the body as a whole. Viewed as an attribute and skill in its own right, posture carries deeper importance pertaining to a broader connection to the floor as a basis for power production. Posture and balance are inseparable and allow the body to work to its strengths against pressure from outside forces (pushing/pulling/punching/compressing).
Learning to work with pressure and gravity as much as we can, as opposed to adopting postures and movement that overly exert against it, is a skill in its self, and a dedicated focus at this school.
A healthy body is a moving body. Every human being should engage in physical activity, if only to offset the time we spend sat at desks or hunched over machinery. It is massively rewarding to pass free time on an activity that benefits our health and well-being.
Physical exercise has a direct effect on the bodies hormonal output creating a natural high. Practising Wing Chun diminishes stress and anxiety, relieving aches and pains as the body comes into balance and strengthens its self.
These are some of the benefits you will experience with daily Wing Chun practice. So much upset and medication could be avoided, if individuals used physical activity on a regular basis to increase their health, improving their strengths and perception of self.
If you are goal oriented, (and there are set levels to be attained and Mastered in Wing Chun Kung Fu), Martial Arts is an excellent pastime. Working as a team will always get you to a goal quicker than working as an individual. Senior students are on hand to assist juniors, juniors are around to assist new-comers, Sifu John is around to assist everyone!
There are set teaching roles ascribed to senior students who operate as excellent coaches in their own right, based on their individual competences and strengths. The power of team work is the shared knowledge and support of the group which works to uplift all members as dedicated participants. As a result, everybody becomes skillful, and everybody is aware of their importance to the whole. Everybody improves with an integral focus to becoming the best they can be – with the help of their teammates (obviously).
Learning Wing Chun is like learning to play a musical instrument – the more you practice, the better you become. You are only bound by your knowledge base, your technical regime, and the time you donate to practice. Obviously to begin with, the teacher is responsible for these things, therefore, the teacher is the most important factor in your potential to obtain a degree of self-mastery inside any Martial Art. In the right school, Wing Chun offers you unlimited progression, it is a practice that can remain fresh for a lifetime.
Regular transfer of information and a practical physical focus, should operate to stimulate your interest and elevate your personal performance session by session. As Wing Chun is a practice that uses the sense of touch as a guidance mechanism, a knowledgeable group of hard working practitioners is also important so that you may increase your skillset via exchange. The strength of the group and your relationships within that group will always strengthen you and refine your skill and progress. As long as you donate time to practice you will always be changing and improving. Warrington Martial Arts Studio has many dedicated practitioners from all over the country, many of whom were practicing Wing Chun at a different location before adopting Warrington as their home. There is a wealth of experience on the ground here, most importantly, people who have gone through a major refinement process at Warrington to rid themselves of dangerous or inappropriate habits relating to their training and fighting skill. Because of this, similar mistakes in new students can be easily identified and eradicated, so that the student may improve quickly, confidently, and intelligently.
Learn How You Function – The Wing Chun System is concerned with ceasing violence (with violence), in the shortest possible timeframe. Efficiency is top of the agenda. Wing Chun therefore is governed by a set of principles and concepts which operate as a guideline for movement and choices, to enable the user to realise the most economical way to solve a violent problem.
It draws on geometry, mathematics, and physics to do this as it is primarily concerned with physical truths that pertain to the human body regarding force, movement, fortification, time, space, and energy. These ideas are utilised mentally and physically to aid in the development of focus, timely selection, modification and change, speed, power, balance, precision and efficiency. Wing Chun's fighting capacity is hinged on the dissemination, comprehension, and physical embodiment of these guidelines, so it is appropriate to invest in a teacher knowledgeable in these aspects, and a drill regime that is underpinned by these ideas as the guiding theme.
At Warrington Martial Arts Studio, there is continuity between the open hand forms, the drill work, the sticky hand (chi sau) work, the pressurised contact work, and the weapon work, where these principles and concepts are applied to human movement contextually – their nature, their function, their attributable importance, and their relevance from situation to situation. One of the themes within this set of principles is body mechanics, knowing how to position and modify a moving body to bring about the most powerful or economical result. When taking this idea and applying it to human movement (and all the permutations across a 'fight specific/random chaotic' event), body mechanics becomes a very deep subject.
This context specific knowledge, is the cornerstone of success or failure in using a system like Wing Chun as you must move spontaneously in tandem and in touch with another moving body until you have completed your task. At a very basic level, knowing how to unify and align aspects of your body to produce postural integrity and strength, carry across into every aspect of your life: standing, sitting, walking, twisting, jumping, lifting, carrying are all enhanced by this knowledge and practice, helping you in your day to day, as an injury preventative, as a daily meditation, as a mechanism for confidence, as a way to age gracefully and empowered.
Wing Chun is a great leveller for smaller practitioners. Employing the Wing Chun concepts and principles enables a person of smaller stature to 'level the playing field' because they are not reliant on weight, reach, height, or swing for power production.
If we assume that most aggressors would be either our size or larger, there are massive advantages to be had by the smaller individual, or female individuals in learning this system. Big individuals also benefit from technical prowess and precision skill, all massively achievable, but seldom ascribed to larger people.


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Q: Capture specific row information after calling blur event Let's say that I have this table with two rows:

    <td contenteditable="true" data-group1="<?php echo $_GET['group']; ?>" class="no1" id="nom1" name="nom1"><?php echo $item[$i]; ?>

    <td contenteditable="true" data-group2="<?php echo $_GET['group']; ?>" class="no2" id="nom2" name="nom2"><?php echo $item[$i]; ?>

The table is contenteditable which means, I can change the value inside the table. Currently, once the data have been manipulated, the data will be captured once the blur event is called. This is my script:
$(document).on('blur', '.no1', function(){
    var group= $(this).data("group1");
    var no = $(this).text();
});

$(document).on('blur', '.no2', function(){
    var group= $(this).data("group2");
    var no = $(this).text();
});

Based on this algorithm, let's say that I have manipulated the data from the first row which is referring to the class = "no1", it will then run this script as shown above:
$(document).on('blur', '.no1', function(){
    var group= $(this).data("group1");
    var no = $(this).text();
});

However, the number of rows for this table is not fixed. Therefore, this script is not helpful as we defined the function by ourselves based on the number of rows. Is there any way on how we can capture specific row information after calling the blur event so that we do not have to define quite a lot of similar functions.

A: You can use a common class on your trs and attach a blur event handler on its contenteditable td.
About your data-groupX attributes, just rename them all to data-group :

PHP

 //Add your class here
<td contenteditable="true" data-group="<?php echo $_GET['group']; ?>" class="no1" id="nom1" name="nom1"><?php echo $item[$i]; ?>

Javascript

$(document).on('blur', '.common td[contenteditable]', function(){
  var group= $(this).data("group");
  var no = $(this).text();
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Many Peoples have a common health problem that they face headache maximum times. Do some mistake in their daily life it's usually happens. In today article we are going to Tell You all fact about that and how to overcome these problem. Let's Get Start.
If a person doesn't eat sufficient food For Their Body, Then usually He face Insomnia(Nida Na Asiba Roga) Disease. If doesn't Eat in Proper time, Then our Body Use Fat for our Respiration instead of Glucose. For whichInsuline level in our body reduce as a result the amount of Rexin Hormone increase. Which is the main Reason Of headache.
Due to consume of less food also Blood sugar level in our Body Reduce, As a result person Feel Tired as well as headache.
Due to less food , We also face Gastric problem. Acid level in our Body also Increases.


I would like to do a RFC-call using the .NET-connector 3.0 from a SQLServer stored procedure.
CREATE ASSEMBLY for assembly 'FS SAPCalls' failed because assembly 'sapnco_utils' is malformed or not a pure .NET assembly.
When I leave out the reference to sapnco_utils in the .NET-project, I get the same error.
Have you tried GACing sapnco and sapnco_utils ?
I dragged the sapnco.dll and sapnco_utils.dll into the c:\windows\assembly folder, without problems.
Is this what you mean by GACing the dll's?
However I still get the same error with the CREATE ASSEMBLY for my 'FS SAPCalls.dll'.
This fails with the same error as with loading my "FS SAPCalls.dll"


When weight loss is on your mind, it can seem counterintuitive to not weight yourself on a regular basis. You may be surprised to learn that there are actually many benefits to not doing so. Read these benefits and keep up the hard work!
Without the scale "judging" your weigh on a daily basis, it is only up to you to make that judgment. How much you love and embrace how you look will no longer be influenced by a number on the scale. Enjoy the freedom of not having the number on the scale holding you back and enjoy seeing your progress through other measures!
If you find it difficult to quit stepping on the scale, replace this habit with something new. Your waistline or pants size is one great way to see your progress. Or, consider recording your habits, such as writing down every time you workout. One of the best ways to track your progress is focusing on strength or endurance. Like a scale, this is easy to track with numbers and is very rewarding to see. Note the weight you used and number of reps you completed. Or, write down the number of miles you ran. As the numbers continue to grow, you will see that not only have you lost weight, but you have become stronger and more fit.
If your goal is weight loss, the most important aspect is not actually the weight itself, but the fat. As you are able to burn more fat, the weight will come with it. By avoiding using a scale, you will notice the physical changes, rather than getting caught up with a number that could be caused by a variety of factors.
As you continue your workouts, you will gain strength and inevitably, muscle. Muscle is more dense and compact than fat, but can increase your weight. If you are constantly checking your weight, you may find yourself feeling discouraged by the increase in the number on the scale. Take a step back and look in the mirror instead. Soon, you will see progress. Whether it is more muscle definition or tightening of the "problem" areas that you once dreaded, these are both great ways to see results without a misleading number on the scale.
After discovering these benefits, consider taking a break from the scale. You do not have to permanently give up using the scale, just cut back. First, try to weigh yourself once a week. Then, try once per month. By giving yourself a longer period of time, you will notice that the number is not affected by daily fluctuations, like how much water you drank or recently eating a meal. Increasing the time between weighing yourself also takes your mind off of focus on the numbers and allows you to refocus your attention towards celebrating your accomplishments, like a new personal record. Give it a try and see what you think!


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Language & Currencyen - Rs. INR
Flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
Kochi, India-Australia, New Zealand, and the South Pacific
Kochi, India-Australia
Did you mean flights from Perth, Australia to Kochi, India?
Kochi, India to Perth, Australia Last modified: Mar 24, 2020 5:07 -04:00
We've scanned 48,195,047,545 round trip itineraries and found the cheapest flights to Perth, Australia. Malindo & Singapore frequently offer the best deals to Perth, Australia flights, or select your preferred carrier below to see the cheapest days to fly.
COKPER
Fri 28/02
PERCOK
Sun 03/05
Tue 03/03
How Much is a Flight from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia?
We have collected flight cost data from across the web for travel from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia, and have found the average flight price for this trip to be Rs. 30,662.
Where To Buy Cheap Flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia?
The best way to find a great deal on airfare is to search multiple sites. When you run a search on FareCompare, we search multiple sites and fare sources all at once so you don't have to - which is why we think FareCompare is the best place to find cheap tickets. Airlines can adjust prices for tickets from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia based on the day and time that you decide to book your flight. We have collected data from all airlines, and have found that Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays are often the best days to book flights. If you'd like to learn more, read our article about the best time to buy airline tickets.
How far in advance should I book tickets from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia?
The chart below shows up-to-date information regarding how far in advance to book your flight from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia.
Cheapest Day To Fly from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
We've examined 57,595,778,181 itinerary searches that we've seen for departures in the next 90 days and found that the cheapest day to fly from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia is Tuesday. See the chart below to compare prices for other days of the week.
Rs. 32,869 Rs. 27,315 Rs. 28,988 Rs. 28,988 Rs. 29,673 Rs. 32,869 Rs. 33,477
Compare Flight Prices from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia by Month
Low priced flights are most commonly available by purchasing between one and three months in advance. International or holiday flights may need to be purchased even further in advance. The chart below shows the cheapest flight prices by month for Kochi, India to Perth, Australia flights.
February Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 20/02/20 29/02/20 1 Rs. 34,771
March Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 03/03/20 10/03/20 2 Rs. 27,315
April Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 12/04/20 21/04/20 1 Rs. 33,630
May Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 05/05/20 08/05/20 1 Rs. 33,630
June Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 13/06/20 27/06/20 1 Rs. 37,358
July Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 09/07/20 13/07/20 1 Rs. 28,988
August Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 03/08/20 10/08/20 1 Rs. 31,347
September Kochi, India Perth, Australia Malindo 05/09/20 15/09/20 1 Rs. 34,619
Cheap Last Minute Flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
Looking for cheap last minute flights or a weekend getaway? We've got you covered with weekend flight deals from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia. The chart below shows the best last minute deals and cheap flights this weekend we could find.
Rs. 35,151 Rs. 36,673
Connecting Flights vs Direct Flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
The average price for connecting flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia is Rs. 34,086.
The average price for direct flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia is not available.
One Way Flights vs Round Trip Flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
We have found that there is often no price difference between buying a round trip flight versus a one way flight. Increased flexibility is the main benefit when it comes to buying a one way flight from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia. However, booking a round trip flight can be a simpler process. You can compare round trip and one way flights by using our flight comparison.
The average price for one way flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia is Rs. 16,967.
The average price for round trip flights from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia is Rs. 34,086.
Kochi, India to Perth, Australia Flight Questions
Question: What are the most popular connecting cities when flying from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia?
Answer: Singapore, SG
Airlines in Kochi, India flying to Perth, Australia Last modified: Mar 24, 2020 5:07 -04:00Number of routes searched: 6Number of itineraries searched: 226,709
Wondering which airlines fly out of Kochi, India to Perth, Australia? We've gathered the average price of Kochi, India airlines with flights to Perth, Australia. Different airlines offer different levels of comfort and service, so consider convenience when choosing your airline.
Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
Emirates DXB √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Malaysia KUL √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Malindo KUL √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Qatar DOH √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Malaysia KUL / BKI √
Kochi, India to Perth, Australia Airports
These are the major commercial airports we're currently monitoring in Kochi, India and Perth, Australia. If your route includes a city with multiple airports, you may be able to find substantial savings by choosing an alternate airport.
Kochi Cochin International (COK)
Perth International (PER)
Research Schedules from Kochi, India to Perth, Australia
Cheap Domestic Flights from Kochi - COK Last modified: Mar 24, 2020 5:07 -04:00
Kochi, India to Delhi Rs. 7,381
Kochi, India to Mumbai Rs. 4,185
Cheap International Flights from Kochi - COK Last modified: Mar 24, 2020 5:07 -04:00
Kochi, India to Singapore Rs. 17,652
Kochi, India to Kuala Lumpur Rs. 8,826
Kochi, India to Bangkok Rs. 14,456
Kochi, India to Melbourne, Australia Rs. 48,390
Kochi, India to Sydney, Australia Rs. 48,009
Kochi, India to Dubai Rs. 13,620
Kochi, India to London, United Kingdom Rs. 48,846
Kochi, India to Jakarta Rs. 16,130
Kochi, India to Denpasar Bali Rs. 19,402
Kochi, India to Adelaide Rs. 53,868
Kochi, India to Hong Kong Rs. 19,098
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Vivy Motivates – "Being wealthy is a mindset"
I LOVE to eat, sleep, travel, eat, exercise, read, and eat. I enjoy binge watching movies, reading countless articles on personal finances, and sobbing my heart out to authentic worship music (Contemporary Christian Music, despite its Country music style, is my favorite). I appreciate my Cameroonian roots and wish to learn about ALL of the cultures in the world! Who wants to come travel with me?
After experiencing one too many financial binds, I decided to take control of my own finances. Although I know that God supplies all of my needs, does that mean that I should live solely by faith even when I can become more financially savvy by using common sense and applying practical tips? I don't want to try to make a $1 out of 15 cents for the rest of my life! Did I mention that "frugal" should be my middle name?
I would love for us to walk together, side by side, as we embark on this empowering and transparent journey!
Thanks so much sis, I appreciate the support!


This page covers England and Wales. For Scotland see Institution in receipt of SFC funding. For Northern Ireland see Institution of further education.
and references to institutions outside the further education sector are to be read accordingly.
(3A) References to sixth form colleges are to institutions conducted by sixth form college corporations.
Further education corporations are established under sections 15 and 16 of that Act, in either case by statutory instrument. They can also be created by conversion of a sixth form college corporation under section 33D. The governing body of an institution conducted by a further education corporation is the corporation itself. Relevant orders include SI 1992/2097, SI 1992/2315, SI 1993/97, SI 1993/269 and SI 1994/1449.
Designated institutions are those institutions designated by an order under section 28 of that Act. For these institutions, "governing body" means roughly what it says (but see s90 of the 1992 Act for details). Relevant orders include SI 1993/215, SI 1993/435, and SI 1993/562. Designated institutions can have their governing bodies incorporated by an order under under s143(4) Learning and Skills Act 2000. The only such order is SI 2001/1119.
By designation under s33A of an existing further education corporation or the incorporated governing body of a designated institution. This can only be done once, and has been done by SI 2010/624.
By designation under s33B of either of the same categories of corporation.
By establishment of a new body under s33C.
The governing body of a sixth form college is the corporation.
List taken from Wikipedia 22nd May 2014. Entries marked C are further education corporations (established by SI 1992/2097 unless otherwise noted). Entries marked D are designated institutions (designated by SI 1993/435 unless otherwise noted). Entries marked S are sixth form college corporations (designated by SI 2010/624 unless otherwise noted). Entries in italics have been established but don't yet appear on Wikipedia's list.
List taken from Wikipedia 31st December 2010. Entries marked C are further education corporations (established by SI 1992/2097 unless otherwise noted). Entries marked D are designated institutions (designated by SI 1993/215 unless otherwise noted). Entries in italics have been established but don't yet appear on Wikipedia's list.
This page was last edited on 21 June 2016, at 21:10.


Look here for links to recent articles, research papers and press releases related to herbal health.
More than just a cup of tea...?
As this month is focussing upon the benefits of natural energy boosters, we thought it would be interesting and exciting to investigate the rich tradition and history behind the development of green tea and matcha into two of the most popular herbal beverages in modern culture.


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A trio of late bogeys from South African Thomas Aiken handed England's Paul Waring a share of the lead at the Nordea Masters on Saturday.
Aiken looked to be following up opening rounds of 66 and 65 with another top-class performance after picking up five birdies in his first 14 holes.
But the wheels rather came off at the close, as the three-time European Tour winner made three straight bogeys from the 15th.
A closing birdie at the 18th saw Aiken salvage a three-under-par 67 and 12-under-par total – level with Waring, who would have held the sole lead but for a closing bogey himself at the 18th.
The Englishman had done well to birdie the 17th but had to settle for a 69 and a share of the lead after making a six at the closing par-5.
The duo's late stumbles also opened the door for the rest of the field, who find themselves closer to the top of the leaderboard than they might have expected.
At nine under, three back, Scotland's Marc Warren and Dane Thorbjorn Olesen are still in with a shout. Germany's Maximilian Kiefer follows a shot back, while Lucas Herbert, Adam Bland and Lee Slattery share sixth place on seven under.
The winner is likely to come from the final group, however, with Aiken looking to add to his tally of European Tour wins, while 33-year-old Waring chases down what would be a maiden professional victory.
It was a day to forget for Scotland's Scott Jamieson. Co-leader with Waring at the start of the day, a six-over 76 effectively put pay to his chances.


text:
Ortona was a Battle Honour granted to Canadian units participating in actions to liberate the city of Ortona in December 1943 as part of the fighting of the Italian Campaign during the Second World War.
See also main article on The Moro
The 1st Canadian Infantry Division relieved the British 78th Division on the Adriatic coast of Italy at the start of December 1943. The Canadians had landed on the Italian mainland in September to find the Germans had retreated well to the north. A change of government in Rome, and official Italian capitulation, did not result in peace. German forces quickly mobilized throughout Italy, and as the Canadians began their march north on the right flank of the Allied armies, resistance stiffened.
The Sangro � Castel di Sangro � The Moro � San Leonardo � The Gully � Casa Berardi � Ortona � San Nicola-San Tommaso � Point 59 / Torre Mucchia
The US 5th Army was hung up south of Rome, and it was the intention of the British 8th Army, working up on their right along the east coast of Italy, to come in behind the German defences. Unfortunately, the Sangro River proved to be a serious obstacle. The German 10th Army hoped to anchor their so-called Gustav Line here, and hold on throughout the winter until the spring brought campaigning weather. If the British 78th Division was worn out, so too were their opponents, the inexperienced Infanterie Division 65. They were replaced after their defensive battles on the Sangro by the Leichte Division 90, reconstituted after their destruction in North Africa. The 90th Panzergrenadier Division was tasked with making a stand along the Moro.
By the beginning of December, Allied troops had broken the German lines. The 2nd New Zealand Division crossed the River Moro to the west of the Canadians but failed to take Orosgna. Charles Allfrey, commanding the V Corps of the British 8th Army, to whom the Canadian Division was assigned, signalled Major-General Christopher Vokes, their commander. "You must get over the River Moro as soon as possible."
Bloody December was under way1, and with it the Moro River campaign. This would be the first real divisional level battle fought by Canadians in the Second World War. All of the division's infantry battalions fought desperate actions during the next two weeks and the Canadians fought their way through the Moro River Valley, taking villages, towns, crossroads and a feature known only as "The Gully." Losses were high, the weather and mud challenging, and pressure from higher headquarters, including General Montgomery, was intense.
The Decision to Attack Ortona
When The Gully was finally taken, no one expected the Germans to remain in Ortona for several reasons:
Standard German practice was to withdraw to easily defensible terrain; the Arielli River was only three miles north of Ortona and would make a fine defensive obstacle.
The world had watched as the German 6th Army - and their Soviet opponents - were destroyed piece by piece in Stalingrad less than a year previously, highlighting the dangers of committing to urban combat and reinforcing the prevailing doctrine - in both Allied and Axis armies - of bypassing cities where possible.
Allied forces advancing to the west, including Indian and New Zealand troops, might easily cut the main highway north of Ortona, trapping a large German force in the city itself. Ortona's location right on the coast naturally limited the ability of German defenders to extricate themselves when and if necessary. To the west was a deep ravine and the only route out of Ortona was Highway 16, running along the eastern coast.
"B" Company of the Seaforth Highlanders look north towards Ortona from the coast road, 21 December 1943. LAC photo.
The Allies expected Ortona to be taken peacefully, and as they wished to turn it into an administrative centre, complete with port facilities, the city proper was spared any serious bombardment. Most of the 10,000 inhabitants had gone; large numbers of the able-bodied males had been removed for slave labour duties in the Reich or fascist-controlled Italy, and the remaining civilians had largely fled to the surrounding mountains and nearby railway tunnels.
The city consisted of an older, densely built up area, and a more modern area to the south. The old section consisted of well built stone houses with very narrow streets. Most buildings had cellars leading to underground passages under the street, sometimes linking as many as half a dozen houses. The new section, of more modern houses, had wider streets and more paved squares.
At left, a prewar view of Ortona, looking north over the dock area. At right, a views of Ortona circa 2005 from Wikipedia. The mountains to the west of Ortona are visible. The photo shows the size of the coastal cliffs, and the rebuilt San Tomasso Cathedral is plainly visible. Below, the castle dominating the north end of Ortona.
Image from the Canadian Official History showing an aerial reconnaissance photo
taken before the battle
The citizens of Ortona were spared the sight of the Germans demolishing the port and collapsing many of the houses in the city to clear fields of fire and prevent the movement of tanks in the streets. German paratroopers from the 1st Parachute Division had begun relieving exhausted units of the 90th Light Division, and elements of the 3rd Parachute Regiment prepared to defend the city. Kill zones were created and side streets were blocked off, channelling would-be attackers up the main street. The main defence was organized under the command of Gotthard Liebscher, who with his battalion had once held up an entire British brigade during the fighting in Sicily.
This main street - Corso Vittoria Emmanuelle - turned into Highway 16 and was also atypical of Ortona roadways, most of which were narrow and twisting. The old section of Ortona dated back to the 1400s, centered on a dilapidated castle overlooking the artificial harbor at the bottom of the cliffs bordering the city on the east. San Tomasso Cathedral dominated the skyline, while the narrow streets surrounding it were crowded by tall buildings, some up to 5 stories high. The newer suburbs of Ortona to the south were laid out in rectangular blocks, though again these streets too were quite narrow.
The better part of two battalions of the 1st Parachute Division were involved in the fighting inside Ortona proper, aided considerably by pioneers. Booby traps and demolitions were used to good advantage; on 26 December a Canadian platoon of 24 men would be wiped out (save for one man rescued from the rubble three days later) when German engineers demolished it. Canadian engineers got their revenge when a house was brought down on 48 or 50 paratroopers not long afterwards.
Limited use of flame weapons were used in Ortona; the bulk and weight of the equipment made flamethrower operators easy targets, and flame weapons were much feared by the Canadians who brought all firepower to bear whenever a flamethrower operator was spotted.
Little has been written in English about the German point of view of this battle; the fighting was chaotic and not well documented by either side. Perhaps the only real indication of the ferocity of the fighting would be the casualty list. German fatalities in the battle were in the neighbourhood of 100 - 200 men. This would have been a fraction of the number of men wounded or injured.
The commander of the 2nd Battalion, 3rd Parachute Regiment - Hauptmann Gotthard Liebscher - was carried out on a camouflage net by press-ganged Italian civilians during the final withdrawal, having been ordered to abandon the town in order to fight another day. Liebscher was decorated (presumably with the German Cross in Gold, he does not appear on the roll of Knight's Cross holders) and promoted to Major for his service at Ortona.
Like Stalingrad, the fighting in Ortona was very demanding and took place largely between small groups of men, often one house or one room at a time and booby traps, on-call demolitions and tunnels all played a role in the skillful German defence. In general, the battle developed slowly, with the Canadians having to devise ways of using firepower to kill Germans solidly ensconced in solid buildings and defensive positions.
With the Canadians still far to the south, shells began to fall in Ortona, mainly in the Costantinopoli neighbourhood. With winter cold having set in, many evacuees had returned home from the hills. The shelling convinces them to once again leave; some shelter in caves and others go to the crowded railway tunnels.
German tanks arrive in Ortona for the first time, taking positions in the southeastern sector of the city.
German forces have delayed the Canadians to the south of the city, buying time for extensive defensive preparations to be made. Civilians are flushed out of hiding in the city by German troops, to spare innocent lives but also out of fear of espionage and other benefits to Allied intelligence. Many refuse to go, however, and certain localities become crowded, such as the hospital at Piazza san Francesco. Demolitions in the town are completed as the main street is blocked, and the clock removed from city hall to be replaced with automatic weapons.
20 Dececember
Leading elements of the 2nd Canadian Brigade approached the outskirts of Ortona; The Loyal Edmonton Regiment advanced some 3000 yards that day behind a massive barrage, and all first day objectives were seized and held. Engineer and Artillery support moved up. Elements of the Seaforth Highlanders came under command of the Edmontons, and eventually the entire battalion was committed inside the city.
The Canadians advance as far as Piazza Vittoria, about 1/3 of the way into the city.
Evacuees to the south, recognizing the Canadian helmets, flocked to them only to come under shellfire themselves. Ten civilians were killed and twenty more wounded; civilian Rommaso Paolini bled to death while embracing his dead daughter, Rita; Canadian stretcher bearers broke down at the sight. Civilian casualties had been common in the fighting to the south and promised to be much worse in the city.
That night, the ancient Cathedrale San Tomasso was cleaved in half by German demolitions. This dominating terrain feature had made a useful reference point for Allied artillery observers. Other buildings on the west side of town that could conceivably help Canadian artillerymen were also brought down. Villa Primavera was demolished on top of 34 civilians; the last voice heard from among the rubble was nine-year old Armando Colucci, known as "Dodo." Members of five separate families died under the rubble.
Sequence of photos showing a section of the Loyal Edmonton Regiment advancing, then returning with prisoners. LAC photos.
Personnel of the Loyal Edmonton Regiment having tea and sandwiches outside Battalion Headquarters, Ortona, Italy, 21 December 1943. Wool Battle Dress was issued out every autumn in Italy and withdrawn in the spring during the hot summer months. The soldier in the foreground is wearing typical accoutrements of the front line infantryman; a cloth bandolier for rifle ammunition has been tied around his waist, and what appears to be a shell dressing is attached to his helmet. Enameled mugs were standard issue to Canadian troops, in either a dark brown or white; both can be seen in this photo. Along with the standard two-piece metal mess tin, an example of which is held by the soldier in the centre, this formed the full complement of a soldier's eating utensils, along with a knife/fork/spoon. Library and Archives Canada photo.
Sorting of mail for personnel of the Loyal Edmonton Regiment near Ortona, Italy, 21 December 1943. The reality of combat for about half the men in every rifle battalion was that they would never see a shot fired in anger, even if they were close enough to hear the guns, or be killed by shellfire. The staff sergeant is likely one of the Company Quartermaster Sergeants; he still wears the older pattern Field Service Cap while the captain at right wears the khaki beret introduced in 1943 to the Canadian Army. The captain also has a shell dressing looped around the shoulder strap of his battle dress. While the soldiers of "F" Echelon of the battalion were playing their deadly cat and mouse game inside the city, the supporting elements of the battalion plied their trade further back - still exposed to German gunfire, doing work far less glamorous yet no less important to morale or even physical well-being of the soldiers. The CQMS, who appears to have a pistol thrust into the front of the Battle Dress, would later likely be delivering not just mail but hot food, ammunition, water and other essentials as close to the soldiers in contact as possible. Library and Archives Canada photo.
The sun rose over a dramatically altered skyscape; German forces fought viciously in the outskirts of the town, and the Seaforths managed to capture the Santa Maria di Costantinopoli church. By sunset, the Germans had withdrawn to the narrow, twisted streets of the old city, leaving behind mines and a final barrage of Nebelwerfers. By this time artillery had fallen throughout the city, bringing more suffering to those civilians who refused to leave.
At dawn on Dec. 21, two understrength companies and a half-squadron of Three Rivers Regt. tanks moved cautiously up the main street towards the first of three large public squares. By mid-afternoon the advance had slowed to a halt, and Hoffmeister sent a company of Seaforths to help. The next morning it was apparent the German resistance had stiffened and Hoffmeister committed the balance of the Seaforths, assigning each battalion to half the town.2
The Canadians reached the Piazza Municipali (Town Square), roughly 2/3 of the way into the city. On this day, the Associated Press made reference to a "miniature Stalingrad in hapless Ortona." The result was unfortunate for the men who fought there; the German commander in chief in Italy, Field Marshall Albert Kesselring, complained three days later that "we do not want to defend Ortona decisively, but the English have made it as important as Rome...you can do nothing when things develop in this manner; it is only too bad that...the world press makes so much of it." The New York Times was one of many papers to carry the story, and the Stalingrad reference.
The War Diary of the Loyal Edmonton Regiment recorded the following on this day:
Street and house to house fighting continues. The enemy is showing a desperate resistance. Our 6 Pdr guns are engaging barricades and strong points to clear a passage for tanks. Since the Hun has blown down buildings to block off all the streets, it has been decided to concentrate on the clearing of the main axis through the city to enable our tanks to advance. 'D' Coy, flanked by 'B' Coy on the right and 'A' Coy on the left, clear the main street to the second city square where concentrated MMG fire and strong opposition is encountered. Clearing of the large buildings adjacent to this street, particularly towards the Esplanade, necessitates continuous fighting by these three Coys.
Forces to the northwest of the city trying desperately to cut off the northern escape route from Ortona suffer heavy losses. The southeast quadrant of Ortona falls to the Canadians, but more buildings are demolished during the night, and routes for advancing out from the town square are blocked.
Fighting in the west of Ortona intensified in the area around the school; when the Canadians learned there were hundreds of civilians sheltering there the attack was suspended. The hospital would not be taken until much later, after a mass exodus of the civilians taking shelter there. Outside the city, the 48th Highlanders managed to break through German lines to the northwest, but instead of cutting the German escape route found themselves cut off and without supplies instead.
The Seaforth Highlanders host a Christmas dinner for their troops, in the recently captured Santa Maria di Costantinopoli church. Companies are relieved one at a time to withdraw and enjoy a holiday dinner before being returned to the fighting. Some men are killed during the trip to and from the church.
The savagery of the battle was evidenced on this day by the demolition of a house containing a Canadian platoon; 23 men were killed and 1 man buried alive for three days. German pioneers had booby trapped the house with a sizeable explosive charge. The Canadians retaliated later by similarly demolishing a house with up to 50 Germans in it.
From the same location as the sequence above, Lance Corporal W. D. Smith carries a No. 18 wireless set while Private W. L. Waske uses the handset. LAC photo, taken 21 December 1943.
Canadian rifleman in Ortona. LAC Photo.
Graves of Loyal Edmonton Regiment soldiers who fell at Ortona. LAC photo.
Tanks and infantry in the ruins of Ortona. LAC photo.
German forces are now penned in between the demolished San Tommaso cathedral and the Castle; German positions in the Cemetery, previously resisting furiously, are finally reduced by the Seaforths with the help of heavy artillery fire. For the first time, naval gunfire is used in support of the troops in Ortona as Allied warships arrive off the coast.
After dark, a night time communication arrived at the last German command post, a warehouse in Terravecchia, one of the northern districts. Hauptmann Liebscher was ordered to save what was left of his battalion. Warnings from the Canadians - to Germans and civilians alike - had been given that carpet bombardment of the city would be carried out at 10:00 on the 28th.
Stunned Canadian patrols advanced on the castle to find that Ortona was apparently free of the enemy. In fact, they had slipped out of the city the previous night, withdrawing to the north. Efforts by allied troops to the northwest of the city had failed to cut Highway 16. However, the 1st Brigade had not been idle, and a series of attacks had been mounted, in order to further develop a salient that had been created during the earlier fighting for The Gully, particularly that gained in MORNING GLORY.
These operations were designed to cut the main coast road and thus isolate the Ortona garrison, and there is little doubt that the threat which they created to his communications hastened the enemy's decision to concede the town to the 2nd Brigade.3
Casualties for the Loyal Edmonton Regiment had been 172 (over 60 of which were fatal). The Seaforths had lost 42 killed and 78 wounded. German losses remain unknown, though 100 bodies were recovered by the Canadians after the battle. One source states that 200 Germans were killed in total.
After the battle, Jim Stone, commanding "D" Company of the Loyal Edmontons, was asked "If you had to do this again, what would you like for troops?" His reply was "German paratroops."
After Ortona, the entire 1st Division went into winter positions on the south side of the Arielli River Valley, and a three month programme of patrolling began, as reinforcements were absorbed and the armies on both sides waited for spring, and campaigning weather. The Division had been badly hurt during the month of December; as a whole, the division lost 695 killed, and with wounded, sick and missing, casualties equalled 4,206.
Two German divisions were seriously mauled in the Moro campaign; 90th Light and 1st Paratroop. By the time the 90th Light Division was relieved, its insistence on mounting unnecessary counterattacks had depleted it badly. Months were needed to rebuild the division; one battalion of the 361st Panzergrenadier Regiment had only 12 men left. Some 400 Germans from this division were in Canadian PW cages in addition to hundreds more killed and wounded.
As Canadian reinforcements made their way north to join their new units (though even on the last day of December the Division remained 1,050 men below authorized strength), they passed a small sign left behind at the entrance of the city by proud Vancouverites and Edmontonians: THIS IS ORTONA. A WEST CANADIAN TOWN.
Canadian Tactics
Historically, the city was divided into two sectors, with the Loyal Edmontons taking the right half of the city and the Seaforths taking the left - crossing over from their original positions on the first day's approach. The fighting in the city included the use of tunnels by the Germans, and "mouseholing" by the Canadians. This was the use of demolitions to move from one building to another, by blowing holes in rooftops or walls.
Western Allied troops had to this point in the war only experienced brief urban warfare encounters (such as at Calais in May 1940). Ortona was the first, sustained instance of house-to-house fighting. However, the concept of street fighting (what became known after the Second World War as FIBUA - Fighting In Built-Up Areas and even later as MOUT - Military Operations in Urban Terrain) dates back to antiquity and the Roman author Vegetius who discussed the subject as a tactical problem. The British Army by 1939 considered the prospect of fighting in built-up areas undesirable, but nonetheless had procedures for it in their manuals, though street fighting was considered as a means of mopping up after an attack rather than the main objective of an offensive operation. The Home Guard - the object of mirth thanks to postwar comedic television - actually concentrated on serious training in urban combat thanks to the real fear of German invasion in the summer of 1940. Canadian units - including the 1st Canadian Infantry Division - had frequent contacts with Home Guard units in that period and occasionally exercised with them. The British Army's manual on urban warfare, first published in 1943, bore striking resemblance to the Home Guard's own manual on Fighting in Built-Up Areas published in January 1943.4
The Canadians found themselves extemporizing tactics with the weapons on hand in Ortona; in the words of one regimental history, "(w)eapons were used in a way which was never mentioned in the training pamphlets."5 Their experience, however, was later harnessed, and a training film on Fighting In Built-Up Areas was based on interviews with Canadian veterans of the Ortona fighting.6 The printed version of Fighting in Built-Up Areas, published in 1943, was used to update the Infantry Training manual in 1944, and additional battle experience contributed to a further edition of the urban warfare manual in 1945.
Indirect Fire
Artillery was generally used for harassment and interdiction fire on targets outside the town, and the close in terrain really didn't allow for the 25-pounder Guns of the field regiments to contribute much to the fight inside the city proper.
The Saskatoon Light Infantry, however, used their 4.2 inch mortars to good effect; in one single day of the battle some 1100 rounds of 4.2 inch ammunition were fired by the SLI. Even the 2-inch mortars of the infantry platoons were considered effective in the city - they were aimed out of windows and fired across streets.
Many were devised by the Canadians in Ortona to increase the effectiveness of their weapons in the unfamiliar context of urban warfare. Boys Anti-Tank Rifles were brought out of storage and used to blow locks off of doors; No. 36 Hand Grenades were reportedly bowled down hallways like cricket balls.7
Anti-tank guns
Both the infantry's organic 6-pounders and the 17-pounders of the 90th Anti-Tank Battery, were used in the city to good effect, giving effective direct fire HE capability to the infantry in addition to the Shermans.
The Three Rivers Regiment lost only three Sherman tanks in the fighting; they were used not only as mobile pillboxes but also to transport ammunition and mortars forward, and to evacuate wounded down bullet-swept streets. To step into the street in Ortona was generally regarded as suicide. Armour Piercing tank shells were used to knock holes in building walls, followed immediately with High Explosive so as to explode inside the building.
Mouseholing
One reference cites the use in Ortona by Canadian troops of an improvised "mouseholing charge" made from No. 75 "Hawkins" Grenades (i.e. pressure detonated anti-tank mines) attached to wooden sticks, secured together with tape, and rigged with primacord and safety fuses. The devices, which could be modified to included four or five charges and detonated simultaneously, were designed to blow holes in walls large enough for a man. An illustration of such a device can be found in a Home Guard instruction dated January 1943, apparent evidence of the possible influence of the Home Guard's tactical training on Canadian urban tactics at Ortona.8
A Loyal Edmonton Regiment platoon commander described the fighting at Piazza Municipale:
...We had worked forward until, at about 1000hrs, we held the houses marked A and B on the diagram. Here we could observe the piazza municipale and exchange fire with German paratroopers in the church and school and the blocks marked D and E. The end of the school facing us was solid. So was the corner of block C. They offered no easy entrance. Our objective was the school.
I had a plan that showed the only entrances to the school were the main door facing the church and a small door at the far end. We could not get through the main door without coming under murderous fire from the church and the school itself. The alley toward E was a deathtrap, its entire length being swept by fire from both D and E. Our anti-tank guns could have knocked a hole in the end wall of the school large enough for a man to squeeze through, but it was essential to obtain fire superiority, to win the fire fight, before any movement took place.
This was going to be tricky; the enemy knew all our likely positions and completely dominated the square.
We decided to make a direct assault on the school, supported by tanks, with smoke if necessary. A troop of three Three Rivers tanks was made available and between us we worked out a plan to cope with the enemy machine guns. One of our problems was the block of rubble obstructing the entrance to the square between A and B. This was overcome by the tanks discovering a satisfactory bypass. Zero Hour was set for noon.
The first tank came rumbling up the street to position 1. At a range of 30 yards, it blasted down the side of the school with its 75mm gun. This tank then moved to position 2, a second tank to position 3 and a third to position 1. The tanks at 2 and 3 covered the church with machine-gun and 75-mm fire, while the tank in position 1 covered the street leading to B. The fire fight was won and the stage set for my platoon. So much dust had been kicked up by the gunfire and falling masonry that smoke was unnecessary and, without further preliminaries, the first section dashed across the street, struggling over rubble, entered the school and started clearing the building. The tanks knocked down part of the front wall of the church and silenced the machine-gun post there.
After what seemed an interminable time, although it probably was no more than a half hour, the section leader signaled all was well. I ordered a second section to move to the house at C to control the back of the school and bring fire down the street toward G. I hoped, in this way, to maintain fire superiority once the tanks withdrew.
With the remaining sections, I dashed across to the school. Everything was under control. The section leader had his men at the windows, and though he had not yet searched the cellars, the main floor was clear. There was no upper story. The section leader said he'd had little difficulty in clearing out the few Germans left in the school. We had caught them by surprise and the tank shells had driven them from the exposed end of the building. Once the section had gained a footing it moved rapidly forward, using grenades and tommy guns, clearing each room as it advanced. The enemy put up little opposition and succeeded in evacuating the building from the rear exit, taking most of their casualties. We searched the cellars rather gingerly and found no Germans. The sun was beginning to set by the time the building was cleared and I therefore ordered the tanks, which were running out of ammunition, to withdraw.
In this action my platoon sustained only one casualty. Success could not have been obtained without the invaluable assistance of the tanks...9
German Defences
A Canadian officer's report was published in the Intelligence Bulletin in July 1944 and has been reprinted widely on the internet. The text of that article follows:
HOW THE ENEMY DEFENDED THE TOWN OF ORTONA
The German defense of Ortona was well planned. The defensive layout was based on an intimate knowledge of the town, the approaches, the streets, the alleyways, and the best routes from street to street, building to building, and even room to room. With this detailed knowledge, the enemy sited his weapons and carried out a determined defense, the outstanding feature of which was acknowledged by our [Canadian] troops to have been "sheer guts."
The enemy had chosen a "killing-ground," and all his weapons were sited to cover this area. Where the approaches to the "killing-ground" could not be covered by fire, the Germans had demolished buildings so as to create debris obstacles. The enemy could, and did, cover these debris obstacles by fire. Groups of machine guns were always sited so that the fire of one supported the fire of another.
Defence of an Intersection
The diagram shows a typical German defensive position at the intersection of a street and an alley.
In this instance, machine gun No. 1 was sited so as to cover the crest of the pile of debris which had been created in the main street on the other side of the alleyway. Machine gun No. 2 was sited high up in a building so as to fire over the top of the debris pile�that is, so as to cover our approaches to it. Machine guns No. 3 and No. 4 gave supporting fire and also had the mission of intercepting any of our troops who might contrive to get past the pile of debris and attack machine gun No 1. (In almost every case, the piles of debris had been booby-trapped and mined with S-mines and Tellermines.)
The enemy made use of flame throwers, although not extensively, employing them for missions similar to those of supporting machine guns. In the few instances in which flame throwers were used, they were sited at ground level behind piles of debris, so as to cover the approaches to the street crossings.
The enemy's antitank guns had been well sited so as to cover the approaches suitable for tanks. These guns were cleverly camouflaged, and each was provided with all-around defense by light machine guns, heavy machine guns, and snipers.
The Germans did not use mortar fire extensively. When it was employed, firing was not observed, but was placed on parts of the town behind those areas where our troops were committed. There were several instances in which the enemy placed mortar fire on his own areas.
The enemy used snipers to support machine-gun and antitank positions.
The corner buildings of major road intersections were invariably demolished so as to create debris obstacles, up to 12 feet high, which were to be impassable to tanks. These obstacles also provided the enemy with good ground cover.
As the enemy was driven back, he carried out a planned demolition of buildings. In certain instances, he had prepared buildings for demolition and blew them after they had been occupied by our troops.
At no time did the enemy make a determined counterattack to retake the buildings that we had occupied. However, he immediately reoccupied any building which had been captured by our troops and later evacuated to permit our tanks and antitank guns to place fire on adjoining buildings.
He surrendered none of his positions readily. They had to be knocked out one by one, and, if our troops did not get forward and occupy them promptly after disabling the German holding force, the enemy would reoccupy them almost at once.
It was a grim and bitter defense, and a very costly one for the Germans. The enemy frequently replaced personnel in positions as often as four times before our troops were able to occupy and consolidate the ground or the building.
Since the enemy was thoroughly familiar with the layout of the town, he was able to use this knowledge to advantage. As he was forced back, he chose his successive "killing-grounds" and sited his weapons accordingly. It was only by attacking with the greatest determination that we were able to win these areas from the enemy and, by so doing, eventually complete the occupation of Ortona.
The Germans never counter-attacked the Canadians, instead defending from solid defensive positions in the multi-story buildings, and making liberal use of booby traps and demolitions (see below).
The most notorious example of German demolitions was when a house occupied by a Loyal Edmonton platoon commanded by Lieutenant E.D. Allen was blown up by German pioneers. Twenty-three men died and the lone survivor, Lance Corporal Roy Boyd, was trapped in the rubble for three days before being rescued.
Lance Corporal Boyd is rescued after three-and-a-half days under the rubble. LAC photo.
Not long after, Canadian engineers killed some four dozen Germans when they similarly mined an enemy occupied house.
The following Canadian units were awarded the Battle Honour "Ortona" for participation in these actions:
1st Canadian Armoured Brigade
11th Canadian Armoured Regiment (The Ontario Regiment)
12th Canadian Armoured Regiment (The Three Rivers Regiment)
1st Canadian Division
The Saskatoon Light Infantry (MG)
1st Canadian Infantry Brigade
The Royal Canadian Regiment
The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment
The 48th Highlanders of Canada
2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade
The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada
The Loyal Edmonton Regiment
Little Stalingrad in Combat Mission.
Simulations Canada released Ortona in 1983, a traditional two player hex and counter wargame.
An Historical module for Advanced Squad Leader has been under development for many years.
The Special Edition release of Combat Mission:Afrika Korps contained an Operation entitled Little Stalingrad, designed by the webmaster, depicting the fighting in Ortona.
Dancocks, Daniel G. D-Day Dodgers: The Canadians in Italy 1943-1945 (McClelland & Stewart Inc., Toronto, ON, 1991) ISBN 0771025440 p.154
Copp, Terry "The Battle for Ortona" Legion Magazine (November 1997) accessed online at http://legionmagazine.com/en/index.php/1997/11/the-battle-for-ortona/
Nicholson, Gerald. Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. Volume II: The Canadians in Italy, 1943-1945 (Queen's Printer, Ottawa, ON, 1957)
Bull, Stephen World War II Street-Fighting Tactics (Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, UK, 2008) ISBN 978-1-84603-291-2 pp.3-13
Roy, Reginald The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada, 1919-1965 p.266
Copp, Ibid
Roy, Ibid
Bull, Ibid, p.29
Quoted in Reader's Digest: The Canadians at War 1939-1945 2nd Edition (Reader's Digest Association (Canada) Ltd., Westmount, PQ) ISBN 0888501455
Dancocks, Daniel D-Day Dodgers: The Canadians in Italy 1943-45
di Tullio, Saverio 1943: The Road to Ortona (Translated from Italian by Angela Arnone and Alex MacQuarrie) (1998, Legas)
Roy, Reginald The Seaforth Highlanders of Canada, 1919-1965
Zuehlke, Mark Ortona: Canada's Epic World War Two Battle
ALBERTA IN THE 20TH CENTURY Volume Eight: THE WAR THAT UNITED THE PROVINCE (Section Four: Pain, Death and Victory - Alberta's soldiers make military history at Italy's Ortona). (2000 United Western Communications Ltd.)
THE CANADIANS AT WAR: 1939/45 Volume Two (1969 The Reader's Digest Association)


Your body is God's sacred creation. Respect it as a gift from God, and do not defile it in any way. Through your dress and appearance, you can show the Lord that you know how precious your body is. You can show that you are a disciple of Jesus Christ.
Prophets of God have always counseled His children to dress modestly. The way you dress is a reflection of what you are on the inside. Your dress and grooming send messages about you to others and influence the way you and others act. When you are well groomed and modestly dressed, you invite the companionship of the Spirit and can exercise a good influence on those around you.
Someday you will receive your endowment in the temple. Your dress and behavior should help you prepare for that sacred time.
Show respect for the Lord and for yourself by dressing appropriately for Church meetings and activities, whether on Sunday or during the week. If you are not sure what is appropriate, ask your parents or leaders for help (For the Strength of Youth, 14-16).
I know that I, like all people, was created in the image of God. This life, our bodies, and our ability to choose are precious gifts. I feel that one of the best ways I can thank my Heavenly Father, my God, is by dressing in a pleasing manner to Him. I honestly believe that this is one principle that helped me to succeed in high school and continues to help me maintain righteous associates. Modesty truly allows me to keep His Spirit with me, which contributes to my success and happiness in life.


text:
Reba to receive a Kennedy Center Honor!
By Karla Cantrell Jul 26, 2018
Reba McEntire has been chosen as one of this year's Kennedy Center honorees. She will be honored along with Cher, composer Philip Glassand jazz great Wayne Shorter. In addition, a special award will go to the musical "Hamilton" the first time in the center's 41-year career that an honor is being given not to an individual, but a work of art.
"I am so honored to be one of this year's #KCHonors recipients along with @cher, Philip Glass, @WayneShorter and an Honors distinction for @HamiltonMusical & its co-creators," Reba tweeted. "Can't wait to see you all in DC!" She also told the "New York Times, "I will be there with bells on. I have been looking forward to this so much."
The Kennedy Center Honors will take place December 2nd, and air on CBS December 26th.


Is it art or is it lighting?
Several years ago Bayliss realized that though he was working with glass, the material he was really shaping was LIGHT.
Much of his public art work has been influenced by this realization.
These days, his studio explorations sometimes lead to work that is hard to define – and that's a good thing.


Celebrating Halloween changes when your kids grow up. And it shifts again as the grandchildren grow older too. This is perfect, as it is the way of things and signifies growth. I was mindful of the day, as I took care of business and ran errands, celebrating in small and joyful ways.
I also had a decision to make. As one who no longer eats sugar, I felt conflicted about handing out sugary treats to trick or treaters.
From that place of desiring to offer more, the Trick or Treat Experiment was born.
My own nod to Halloween was simple. Tropical Smoothie Cafe hosted a Hogwarts Day event. As a fan of the Harry Potter books and films, I stopped by to have a pic taken with the Headmaster, Dumbledore, and pick up a fruit smoothie.
No need to try on the Sorting Hat. I already know I am in the House of Slytherin.
On this day only, Tropical Smoothie Cafe offers a Butterbeer Smoothie, in honor of Hogwarts Day. Because of its high sugar content, I opted instead for a refreshingly tart cranberry strawberry smoothie, with no sugar. It was just what I needed for an afternoon pick me up.
At the grocery store, I made a decision about what to offer trick or treaters. We can't hand out fresh fruit, for safety reasons. Unfortunately, fruit can be tampered with. But happily, I found fruit snacks in little sealed give away bags, and mini fruit roll ups. These aren't as healthy as a banana or apple would be, but at 45 calories and 6 grams of sugar, they are a better alternative to candy bars.
I purchased a bag of mini Kit Kat bars as well. I don't want to be that crazy health lady who forces a different lifestyle on others. But what if I offered a choice? Given the option of a Kit Kat bar, with 210 calories and 21 grams of sugar, or a packaged fruit snack, which would kids choose?
I offered the bowl of treats to each trick or treater, without influencing the child's decision. I let them choose, and kept a running tally in my head.
Given the opportunity to choose, the majority of the kids asked, politely, if they could have more than one treat. Of course, I replied. Help yourself. And they did, with grins and words of thanks.
At the end of the evening, here were the results. More fruit snacks were chosen than candy bars. The mini fruit roll ups were the night's winner. Among kids that selected two snacks, if they picked up a candy bar, they also grabbed a fruit snack as well. And often, those who chose two treats selected two fruit snacks.
With the group of kids that came to my door, it appears that given a choice, most of them preferred a fruit snack. I felt ridiculously pleased with the trick or treat experiment! This gives me hope that a generation is rising that will be more health conscious.
Trick or treat? Treat…especially when it is a low sugar one. I have a year to see what other options are out there, for even healthier treats. Perhaps next year my choices will be fruit snacks…or cashews!
My Halloween costume…a Slytherin pin.
Last night's blog post shared photos of the themed decor at the annual family Halloween party. Debbie, Ashley and Jon created the Holmes Asylum for the Criminally Insane, transforming their home from sprawling suburban to spooky institution. As always, they delighted us with their ingenuity and creativity.
Guests are encouraged to attend this special event in costume. Each year's theme is announced 12 months ahead of time, during the current celebration. We've all had time to pick a character or historical figure to dress up as. Most of us researched our chosen person, to bring authenticity to our roles, which added to the fun.
Tonight, meet the inhabitants of the asylum, as the party attendees show off their costumes!
Jon as Sheldon Cooper…yeah his Mom's had him tested, but…and Ashley as Sherlock Holmes' sister Eurus.
Debbie as Abby Brewster and me as Martha Brewster, from Arsenic & Old Lace.
Greg as the Unabomber, Ted Kaczynski. He nailed the role! When we left Kaleb made sure he took his parcel with him.
Roy as the Unabomber's informant brother.
Pat (my mon) as a rather gleeful Lizzie Borden.
Linda as Sister Jude, in American Horror Story, and Nicole as Sweet Pea in Sucker Punch. The kids can dress up without following the theme. Kaleb is Groot, from Guardians of the Galaxy, Weston is Hamster Boy, and Lola is Princess Minnie.
The rest of Linda's crew: London as Batgirl, Aralyn is Princess Ariel and Eric and Tosh are Asylum visitors!
Nate as Ed Gein, Adriel as the Zodiak Killer, there I am again, and Elissa is former nurse Annie Wilkes from the movie Misery.
Ethan is the 11th Doctor, from Doctor Who, just after he regenerated from Ten.
Lisa as Bellatrix, from the Harry Potter films, and Josh is a Juggalo.
Sheldon and the Doctor having fun!
Upstairs there was a "padded cell", perfect for photo ops!
This happy group includes Aiden and Shane, first time visitors, in the back next to Debbie. Kathy is a Mad Doctor, Allison is Alex Forrest, from Fatal Attraction and her mom, Kelly, is Baby Jane, from Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?
Jerri and Steve are Nudists on Strike!
Christel as Angela from Sleepaway Camp and Bryan as John Doe from the thriller Se7en.
Lindsay as a Cult Follower and Cade as David Koresh, the Cult Leader.
Our yearly sibling photo! This is always a must have.
What an incredible evening. We missed family members who ended up having to work or couldn't make it for other reasons. I enjoyed chatting and laughing with those who were there. Our family is unique in that we don't mind taking our creativity, humor and fun beyond the edges and outside the lines. We aren't morbid or dark. Think Addams Family! We are quirky and happy to be so, and when we get together, we have a great time.
Again I have deep appreciation and gratitude for Debbie, Ashley, and Jon and also Christel and Bryan, for all their hard work in creating a highly successful Halloween party. The work continues for them as the undecorating begins.
This evening I enjoyed a return to the Manga Artist's Workbook, for another lesson on cartooning.
Take a look at my three quarters view sketch!
The workbook provides detailed, easy to follow instructions, and the outline of the head and face, using basic shapes.
I began by adding the guide lines so that I could correctly place the eyes, ear, hint of a nose and simple mouth.
With those features in place, I erased my guide lines. Using the ear and eye brows, I added the hairline.
While the mouth and nose are left as suggestions, rather than completely finished features, the eyes get more details added. I blocked in the hair.
Reflections are added to the eyes, to create interest and depth, along with pupils that are darkened at the top of the eyes. Dark lines suggest eyelashes. And the eyebrows get filled in. The hair is drawn in, with more detail, giving this teen girl a shaggy looking cut.
This is what I loved about tonight's cartooning exercise…for the first time I sketched very quickly and confidently. I am getting the hang of this. I didn't over think the process or labor over it for long.
And that makes me smile. A month ago, I was inspired with an idea that I wasn't sure I could bring into reality. But the truth I believe is being proved in my life. If inspiration gifts me with an idea, it is because I am capable of creating it.
I only have to ask for guidance. Sometimes the answer arrives unexpectedly, and looks like a manga workbook with detailed lessons in it. Soon, I'll be creating a storyboard. By then I'll have the ability to create this cartoon story that offers a peek into my magical life.
I completed the seven day photo challenge today. The instructions were simple: post seven black & white photos of my life, over seven days. No people were to be included in the pic, and no explanation was to accompany it. Each day, someone new was challenged to play along.
The challenge was easy to do, and yet for me it was intriguing and thought provoking.
I quickly understood omitting people from the photos. We all tend to fill our pics with our family members and our friends, or capture selfies in front of iconic locations. There's nothing wrong with doing those things. The game becomes a challenge as we seek to capture moments that represent our lives, without the people in them that can define who we are…parent, grandparent, spouse, significant other, child, friend, boss, worker. It was challenging, and liberating, to find ways to creatively express my life, without people in my photos, and without explanatory captions beneath them.
I enjoyed and appreciated rising to such a challenge!
Here are the seven photos I posted, plus a bonus pic added so I could challenge additional people. Honoring the game rules, I will not caption them or explain them.
No explanations for my photos, however I can say that these black & white photos tell stories about my life, and where I am, currently, on my journey. This week I've come to appreciate the beauty of capturing moments devoid of color. The eyes are allowed to explore the photo, and interpret the story, without being distracted by colors or focusing in on the most vivid object.
I found a quote that captures this experience perfectly, although I could not find the source. It is included below, at the end of my post.
A movie brings its own spin to a story. Reading allows the imagination to create the characters and the scenes, providing room for a multitude of interpretations. There's room in my life for books and movies, and their different ways of telling stories. And there is room in my creative life to broaden my photo taking skills. I intend to make use of more black & white photography.