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Compiled by Kevin Rudesill
The information presented on this web site is fairly complete and is accurate to the best of our knowledge. However, there will always be holes that need to be filled in. If you have any knowledge about any of the information presented on this site, please contact the webmaster.
Five Western Washington Order of the Arrow Lodges founded Area X1-B: Quilshan (1945) and Kelcema (1945) to the North; Tahoma (1946) made up central Puget Sound; Tillicum (1948) to the South and Kcumkum (1945) on the coast.
At the invitation of Quilshan Lodge, delegates from some of these lodges got together in 1948 at Camp Black Mountain in Bellingham for a weekend fellowship. The first organized section event was the Puget Sound Show Conference held in 1952 at Camp Sevenich near Everett. A simple patch with the wording WWW Area Conference was issued. Denny Bonner, the first Area Lodge Chief, officiated over the second Puget Sound Show Conference held April 24-26, 1953 at Camp Black Mountain.
Why was this called Puget Sound Show Conference? Del Loder explains that many executives in those days from the region on down to the local council worked for logging companies (the biggest industry in the area) and commonly used logging terminology. For example, "the bull of the woods" was the logging superintendent for a particular area*. Logging sections were called "shows."
Two lodges encompassing the entire Northwest corner of the State, T'Kope Kwiskwis and Mox Kar-Po, joined the area in 1954 and 1957, respectively.
The sixties were the Golden Years of the Order of the Arrow. There were well-attended Conclaves at large scale facilities. One of the biggest Conclaves ever held in this Section was April 3-5, 1964 at Fort Lewis. This Conclave was interesting because the 500 participants were taken to Lakes High School in Lakewood on the evening of the 4th for the Conclave Banquet to hear Honorable Supreme Court Justice, Matthew W. Hill.
Conclaves of the 1960's and 1970's were sure unique. First of all, the cost of Conclave in the 60's was only $4.50. At the heart of the conclave program was the "Makahiki (Physiorama)" or what we called in the 1980's "The Quest of the Golden Arrow" and later just the "Quest". Arrowmen spent the afternoon learning things like survival cooking and seafood cooking. They participated in events like quarter staffing, grease stick, kris kross kick stick, shot put and even wrestling (with adult supervision). Instead of Conclave training like we have today, they once had the "Oyster Ramblings" or conclave discussion groups. Complete uniformity was essential at conclave and there was even a committee for uniformity, and another, for morale. Most participants at the 50th Anniversary of the Order of the Arrow Conclave held March 19-21, 1965 at Camp Parsons had to take a ferry to get to Conclave.
In the late 1960's, and early 1970's, there was the Vietnam War and many local Arrowmen were drafted or volunteered to serve. There was no Conclave held in 1971, but several events were held in 1972 including a Training Conference on January 14-16 at Ocean Shores Inn and a training conference for fifty arrowmen held February 19-20 aboard the U.S.S. Delta docked at Bremerton.
The Teaquan Wask Award was given annually to the top Ordeal team. Today it's given to the Lodge that provides the most "honor" ceremony teams in Pre-Ordeal and Brotherhood. The "Wask" award states: "In Memory of Ralph Kirschner. Section Advisor 1984-1986. This trophy is awarded for outstanding ordeal ceremony in Section W1-B. Given by Kelcema Lodge. Recipients include 1987 Tillicum, 1988 Tillicum, 1989 Kelcema, 1990 Kelcema, 1991 T'Kope Kwiskwis, 1992 T'Kope Kwiskwis, 1993 T'Kope Kwiskwis, 1994 Kelcema, 1995 Quilshan, 1996 Kelcema, 1997 None, 1998 None, 1999 None, 2000 None, 2001 None, 2002 None, 2003 Sikhs Mox Lamonti, 2004 None, 2005 T'Kope Kwiskwis.
In the 1980's the Section had well attended Conclaves at large scale locations such as Fort Lewis in 1982, Fort Casey in 1984, Fort Lewis in 1987 and Grays Harbor County Fairgrounds in 1989.
The 1990's started off great with the 75th Anniversary of the Order of the Arrow Conclave held at Fort Flagner in 1990. Along with an inspirational re-dedication ceremony, there was a huge turnout for Indian Ceremonial and Dancing Competitions. Unfortunately, the 1990's turned out to be the years of mergers and smaller conclaves held at local Boy Scout Camps. This started in 1992 when the National Council consolidated its management areas, reducing the structure to four Regions. In addition, the consolidation of many councils/lodges resulted in Sections with far fewer lodges than they had in the past.
This did not prove true for our section. In 1994, Tahoma, Tillicum, and Kcumkum Lodges came together to form Nisqually Lodge. In 1995, Kelcema and Quilshan formed Sikhs Mox Lamonti Lodge. We also added three lodges from Alaska, and one from Japan. Once again, we had seven lodges in one unified, and now international, section. These lodges include Achpateuny from the Far East; Kootz, Nanuk, & Toontuk from Alaska; Nisqually, Sikhs Mox Lamonti & T'Kope Kwiskwis from Western Washington.
The 1990's ended with new National OA goals, including a new a logo for the Order. In 1998 the Council of Chiefs asked participants to "Imagine", and for that effort they were rewarded with arguably the best Conclave ever. A year later those participants were invited back to Conclave and challenged to "Live Your Dreams!"
Part of that dream become a reality in 2000 with the first ever W-1B Conclave in the State of Alaska. The first W-1B Section Chief elected from Alaska, Brad Lowry, presided over this historical event.
In January 2006 Western Alaska Council and Southeast Alaska Council merged to form the Great Alaska Council, thus dissolving Kootz Lodge of Juneau, AK. Chartered in 1957 with the lodge totem of the Northwestern Native American design of Alaskan brown bear, Kootz Lodge had almost 50 years of cheerful service.
In 2009 the National Order of the Arrow reorganized the areas and we became Section W-1N, losing Achpateuny Lodge #498. Sam Giacalone was elected as the first Chief of our newly formed Section. We had 311 attendees that year, the best Conclave turn-out in 15 years.
So you may ask, "what will the section focus on in the 21st century?", I believe the section will be focusing on using technology to make the section more visible and efficient, developing the leadership skills of lodge officers and members, increasing Conclave attendance, bringing interest back to Native American ceremonial competition and dancing, and most important, making Conclave as inspirational (and fun) as possible.


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Melanogenesis and hypopigmentation: The case of vitiligo
M Pilar Vinardell, Adriana Solange Maddaleno, Montserrat Mitjans
Department Biochemistry and Physiology of the Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
M Pilar Vinardell
Department Biochemistry and Physyology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_1067_21
Melanocytes are highly specialized dendritic cells that synthesize and store melanin in subcellular organelles called melanosomes, before transfer to keratinocytes. Melanin is a complex pigment that provides colour and photoprotection to the skin, hair and eyes. The process of synthesis of melanin is called melanogenesis and is regulated by various mechanisms and factors such as genetic, environmental and endocrine factors. The knowledge of the pigmentation process is important to understand hypopigmentation disorders such as vitiligo and also to design adequate treatments. In the present work, we review the signalling pathways involved in vitiligo. Finally, current therapies and treatments including topical, oral and phototherapies are discussed and described, emphasizing future therapies based on different pigmentation mechanisms.
Keywords: Hypopigmentation, melanin synthesis, melanocyte, treatment, vitiligo
Vinardell M P, Maddaleno AS, Mitjans M. Melanogenesis and hypopigmentation: The case of vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol 2022;67:524-30
Vinardell M P, Maddaleno AS, Mitjans M. Melanogenesis and hypopigmentation: The case of vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol [serial online] 2022 [cited 2023 Jan 30];67:524-30. Available from: https://www.e-ijd.org/text.asp?2022/67/5/524/366095
Melanin is a complex pigment that provides colour and photoprotection to the skin, hair and eyes of mammals. Melanogenesis is the process through which melanocytes synthesise melanin and can be altered by decreasing the production of the pigment such as in the case of vitiligo.
Melanogenesis can be regulated by genetic, environmental (ultraviolet [UV] radiation) and endocrine factors. Knowledge of the pigmentation process is important for designing tanning products to treat hypopigmentation disorders such as vitiligo.[1]
Vitiligo is an autoimmune acquired chronic skin disorder that is characterised by white macules resulting from the damage and loss of melanocytes. Although many disorders induce hypopigmentation, vitiligo is the most frequent cause of depigmentation worldwide affecting about 1% in the population.[1],[2] Vitiligo can be segmental, non-segmental or mixed. Segmental vitiligo presents one or more areas of depigmented skin usually only on one side of the body such as on the face, neck, trunks, arms or legs during childhood and usually stabilises in a few years. Non-segmental vitiligo is a chronic and progressive loss of melanin with well-defined white patches in the middle of normally pigmented skin, increasing in size over time and located on the hands, underarms, eyelids, ears, knees and ankles and whose progression is unpredictable. Vitiligo is usually associated with different autoimmune disorders such as thyroid diseases, diabetes mellitus, lupus, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis among others.[3] Other authors have observed also metabolic comorbidities[4] and psychological and psychiatric disorders.[5]
Signalling Pathways in Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a complex disease and different hypotheses have been proposed for the multifactorial feature of vitiligo pathogenesis involving immunological, genetic, biochemical and environmental factors [Figure 1].[6]
Figure 1: Multifactorial feature of vitiligo pathogenesis
Oxidative stress has been suggested to be the first step in the loss of melanocytes in vitiligo, but it is not the unique initiating mechanism involved in the disease.[1],[7]
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are found in lesioned and non-lesioned skin, damaging melanocytes by generating autoantigens whose presentation by Langerhans cells and dendritic cells initiate an autoimmune response, bridging the gap between oxidative stress and adaptive immunity.[8.9] Disruptions in metabolic processes such as melanogenesis and immune reactions can lead to the accumulation of ROS, although several studies suggest that mitochondrial damage altering the mitochondria structure of melanocytes is the main cause of ROS accumulation.[10],[11] A recent study has observed that molecular hydrogen revers hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in melanocytes, protecting mitochondrial morphology and function in melanocytes under stress and promoting the activation of Nrf2 signalling.[12]
ROS generation can also be induced by exogenous factors such as the environment, medical applications and other diseases.[13],[14] Studies have reported that melanocytes from vitiligo patients die upon exposure to exogenous stress in vitro, such as peroxide exposure, whereas melanocytes from healthy controls do not.[15] Intracellular ROS include hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. H2O2 can disrupt melanin synthesis and can deactivate and deregulate acetylcholinesterase in the epidermis, providing more evidence of the role of oxidative stress in vitiligo.[16] Zhang et al.[17] showed that H2O2-induced apoptosis increases the level of calreticulin, which induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).
The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a metalloprotein that scavenges O2- and converts it into H2O2, is increased in the erythrocytes of vitiligo patients. H2O2 is converted into O2 by catalase, whose expression is down regulated in vitiligo. The imbalance in the oxidative/antioxidative equilibrium is another cause of ROS accumulation. Several studies have reported an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in vitiligo patients, which is a product of lipid peroxidation reactions induced by oxidative stress.[7]
The immune-mediated destruction of melanocytes is the main factor causing vitiligo. Stressed melanocytes activate the innate immune system through cytokines secreted within the skin, that is, induced by the generation and release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).[13] This has been demonstrated through the recruitment of innate immune cells, such as natural killer cells, as well as the production and release of highly pro-inflammatory proteins and cytokines including heat shock proteins, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Moreover, it has been reported that CD8+ T cells induce the destruction of melanocytes.[18],[19]
Autoreactive T cells locate stressed melanocytes using the cytokines secreted within the skin. Studies have shown that IFN-γ and the IFN-γ-induced chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, which act as chemoattractants to guide T cell migration, are highly expressed in the skin and blood of vitiligo patients. The CXCL10/CXCR3 axis mediates T cell recruitment in progressive vitiligo, suggesting that the blocking of this mechanism could be a new form of therapy.[20]
El-Gayyar et al.[21] suggested that anti-melanocyte antibodies have an important role in the pathogenesis of non-segmental vitiligo, correlating with the severity of the disease. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of anti-thyroperoxidase, anti-thyroglobulin, antinuclear, anti-gastric parietal cell and anti-adrenal antibodies has been reported in vitiligo patients compared to healthy controls.[22] Indeed, autoantibodies have an important role in disease pathology, confirming the important role of humoral immunity in vitiligo. Major melanocytic antigens include the proteins tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, Pmel17, SOX9, SOX10 and the type 1 membrane receptor for melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH-R1).[23] SOX9 and SOX10, key transcription factors for melanocyte differentiation, have been reported many years ago to be autoantigens in vitiligo.[24]
One of the proposed mechanisms for melanocyte destruction in vitiligo is the autoimmune intolerance via CD8+ and T helper 17 (Th17), which have an important role in exosomes in melanogenesis serving as mediators in the communication between keratinocytes and melanocytes.[25]
Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-8 and some anti-inflammatory/immunoregulatory cytokines such as IL-5 and IL-10 are increased in vitiligo patients. Mitra et al.[26] suggested that the high level of IL-10 is due to the attempt to avoid the loss of melanocytes by the organism. However, other studies have shown a low level of IL-10.[27] Zhou et al.[28] indicated that IL-17 induces a stressful microenvironment for melanocytes, promoting autophagic cell apoptosis in vitiligo.
Different studies have demonstrated the relationship between alterations in the skin microbiome and some skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.[29],[30] The first study correlating microbiota and vitiligo demonstrated a dysbiosis in the diversity of the bacterial community of the areas with vitiligo hypopigmentation compared to normal skin. The authors observed distinctive distribution of bacterial populations with more Actinobacterial species, such as Actinomycetes, in areas of the skin without lesions and Firmicutes in areas with lesions.[31]
More recent studies observed similar alterations in microbiota and associated the dysbiosis with mitochondrial damage. Moreover, the loss of protective bacteria in patients can be associated with an increase in immune responses.[32]
Moreover, the role of the gut microbiome is known in the development of other skin diseases such as psoriasis autoimmune diseases. In the case of vitiligo, authors have found alterations in the gut microbiome composition and serum metabolites usually used as biomarkers of vitiligo. These findings can implicate the gut–skin axis in vitiligo pathogenesis.[33]
Among vitiligo patients, 15–20% have at least one first-degree relative with this disease. Furthermore, the risk of a patient's sibling developing vitiligo is 6%, whereas that of a monozygotic twin is 23%, illustrating the genetic basis of vitiligo.[34]
At least 50 susceptibility loci for vitiligo have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), with 90% of these loci associated with innate and adaptive immunity and 10% associated with melanocytic antigens and stress response pathways, further demonstrating that immune mechanisms are the key in vitiligo.[35]
The most significant genetic risk for vitiligo involves HLA-A polymorphisms, followed by HLA-DRB1/DQA1 and CPVL, which are related to antigen presentation. Moreover, genes associated with immune target cell lysis (GZMB and FASLG), adaptive immunity (FOXP3, CTLA4, IL2RA, BACH2, CD80, CCR6, PTPN22 and α-GZMB), innate immunity (TICAMI, IFIH1, CD80, NLRP1, CASP7, C1QTNF6 and TRIF), and melanocytes (TYR, PMEL, MC1R, OCA2-HERC2 and IRF4) have been identified as risk factors for vitiligo.[36]
Previous studies have demonstrated that the polymorphisms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a crucial mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, are genetic risk factors for the susceptibility and progression of vitiligo.[37]
Chemical inducers
Different chemicals have been observed to induce skin depigmentation, that is, indistinguishable from idiopathic vitiligo. The mechanism of chemical-induced vitiligo is complex and still not clear.[38],[39] It has been observed that some chemicals such as monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) and 4-tertiary butyl phenol can downregulate microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) leading to decreased melanin synthesis and thereby initiation of vitiligo.[40] MBEH was the first chemical known as causing depigmentation and nowadays, MBEH is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is used therapeutically to complete and accelerate depigmentation to make the skin tone of patients with severe vitiligo uniform.[41]
Several studies have confirmed that exposure to chemical agents, specifically phenolic and catechol derivatives found in dyes (including hair dyes), resins/adhesives and leather is associated with vitiligo. Phenols can act as tyrosinase analogues, affecting melanin synthesis and causing high levels of stress in melanocytes. Cell stress leads to ROS accumulation and the unfolded protein response, triggering immune reactions that destroy melanocytes and result in skin depigmentation.[42]
Treatments and Future Perspectives
Finding the best treatment for vitiligo has become a challenge due to the complexity of the pathology of the condition. Therefore, vitiligo therapy must be personalised depending on each case and the degree of depigmentation. Safer and more effective treatments with long-lasting benefits are being studied because current treatments do not provide a long-lasting effect [Table 1].
Table 1: Current therapies for vitiligo
Phototherapy is the first-line treatment of choice for vitiligo. Narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) phototherapy induces re-pigmentation and is an effective treatment of vitiligo. This therapy provides good results on the face, trunk and limbs but topical treatment must be applied after phototherapy to prevent skin depigmentation. NB-UVB phototherapy can decrease the rate of new vitiligo lesions in non-segmental vitiligo patients, with earlier re-pigmentation in non-progressive vitiligo. Progressive patients required more doses of NB-UVB than non-progressive patients.[43] The action of NB-UVB in the re-pigmentation of the skin can be attributed to an increase in the expression of the genes involved in pigmentation such as the TYR gene family constituted by tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1) and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TYRP2).[44]
However, there are patients who do not respond to conventional phototherapies and in these cases, some studies have demonstrated that UVA1 laser can be an applicable therapeutic option.[45],[46]
Topical therapies
Topical corticosteroids are the most commonly used drug to treat vitiligo but there are concerns over side effects. Topical corticosteroids have been observed as effective in recent and facial lesions; however, to reduce the risk of side effects the administration should be limited to small areas, avoiding prolonged use and introducing another topical therapy after some weeks of continuous administration.[47],[48]
Topical corticosteroids exert anti-inflammatory responses, but re-pigmentation is more likely to occur on the face and neck than in the other areas. Moreover, topical corticosteroids can increase the efficacy of UVB and are indicated for small-localised patches. A combination of NB-UVB and topical corticosteroids has been demonstrated to be more effective than topical corticosteroids alone, presenting good tolerability both in adults and children.[49],[50]
Topical immunomodulators such as corticosteroids reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting T-cell activity, thereby increasing pigmentation. Other immunomodulators can be used such as the macrolide antibiotic tacrolimus, which inhibits calcineurin action, thus preventing T-cell activation and the production of various inflammatory cytokines. Tacrolimus has been demonstrated to increase the proliferation of melanocytes.[51] The topical application of tacrolimus is effective in the treatment of vitiligo and does not present the adverse effects observed with corticosteroids.[52]
Surgery is used when medical therapies are not effective and consists of pigment cell transplantation. The melanocyte–keratinocyte transplantation procedure (MKTP) is the most popular option for the management of select patients with vitiligo. MKTP consists of cellular grafting in which cells from a donor are grafted to a treated area as a cellular suspension covering a larger area. The combination of surgery and other therapies as topical administration of immunomodulators is used to reduce immune response.[53] Other adjuvant therapies include narrowband UVB phototherapy with a proliferative and stimulatory effect on transplanted melanocytes.[54] The use of epidermal cell suspension is usually performed in patients with clinical stability of a minimum of 12 months. The combination of epidermal suspension and dermal cell suspension gives a better response in patients with vitiligo and can be used early in the course of stable vitiligo without waiting for 12 months or more.[55]
The best option to treat extensive vitiligo is the depigmentation of the pigmented areas by chemical or laser therapy. However, the efficacy of this treatment and the duration of its benefits are not enough.[41]
Skin camouflage is the traditional application of pigmented creams that are designed to mask skin discolouration and can be useful where dermatological or surgical treatments may be considered invasive.[56] Camouflaging the depigmented areas with cosmetic products can improve the social life of patients with vitiligo despite potential risks.[57] Cosmetics can have a transient, semi-permanent or permanent (tattoos) effect. The most commonly used self-tanning product is dihydroxyacetone, whose effects increase with concentration.[58] It is noticeable that 10% is the highest concentration allowed in the European Union for the purpose of tanning, and from 2022, all cosmetics containing more than 10% of dihydroxyacetone will be banned in Europe.[59]
Future Perspectives
Emerging treatments will focus on the re-pigmentation of the skin through regulating autoimmunity, controlling melanocyte stress, and regenerating or depigmenting the remaining small-pigmented areas of the skin.
Targeted immunotherapy is one of the most important ways of treating vitiligo. Examples of this type of emerging therapy include the interference of IFN-γ-CXCL10 signalling,[60] and the use of JAK inhibitors, STAT inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors.[61]
The regeneration of melanocytes can be stimulated with α-MSH analogues such as afamelanotide, which can improve the efficacy of phototherapy,[62] and with Wnt activators.[63]
ROS generation in patients with vitiligo can be resolved by reducing melanocyte stress through the use of antioxidants such as oral or topical natural health products.[64]
As mentioned above, in vitiligo patients with small areas of pigmentation, depigmenting products can be used to achieve a uniform skin tone. For this reason, compounds with low toxicity and no side effects are currently being investigated for depigmenting skin.
As reviewed, several factors account for the pathophysiology of vitiligo but still open questions remain. However, a better knowledge of the pathogenesis of hypopigmentation epigenetic regulation by genomic imprinting can reveal the specific functional genes and their regulatory elements and pathways. In this sense, omics analysis, by Cai et al.[65] performed for vitiligo, can open a new perspective to understanding the causes, mechanisms and specific treatments for different skin pigmentation disorders.
In vitiligo, the destruction of melanocytes by the immune system is the major cause of this disease. Although the main signalling pathways are known, new therapies should be developed to treat vitiligo due to the low efficacy or side effects of current treatments. Therapies that can modulate the immune system, which is the main driver of hypopigmentation, are the best option to repigment the skin. Other agents that stimulate melanocytes can also be useful in inducing pigmentation.
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Kammeyer A, Willemsen KJ, Ouwerkerk W, Bakker WJ, Ratsma D, Pronk SD, et al. Mechanism of action of 4-substituted phenols to induce vitiligo and antimelanoma immunity. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2019;32:540-52.
Kaushik H, Kaul D, Kumaran MS, Parsad D. Chemical induced pathognomonic features observed in human vitiligo are mediated through miR-2909 R Nomics pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2020;100:92-8.
Harris JE. Chemical-induced vitiligo. Dermatol Clin 2017;35:151-61.
Toosi S, Orlow SJ, Manga P. Vitiligo-inducing phenols activate the unfolded protein response in melanocytes resulting in upregulation of IL6 and IL8. J Invest Dermatol 2012;132:2601-9.
Bhatia S, Khaitan BK, Gupta V, Khandpur S, Sahni K, Sreenivas V. Efficacy of NB-UVB in progressive versus non-progressive non-segmental vitiligo: A prospective comparative study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021;12:701-5.
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Lotti T, Tchernev G, Wollina U, França K, Lotti J, Satolli F, et al. Successful treatment with UVA 1 laser of non-responder vitiligo patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018;6:43-5.
Babino G, Giunta A, Esposito M, Saraceno R, Pavlidis A, Del Duca E, et al. UVA1 laser in the treatment of vitiligo. Photomed Laser Surg 2016;34:200-4.
de la Fuente-Garcia A, Gomez-Flores M, Mancillas-Adame L, Ocampo-Candiani J, Welsh-Lozano O, Pérez JZ, et al. Role of the ACTH test and estimation of a safe dose for high potency steroids in vitiligo: A prospective randomized study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2014;5:117-21.
Dellatorre G, Antelo DAP, Bedrikow RB, Cestari TF, Follador I, Ramos DG, et al. Consensus on the treatment of vitiligo-Brazilian Society of Dermatology. An Bras Dermatol 2020;95(Suppl 1):70-82.
Batchelor JM, Thomas KS, Akram P, Azad J, Bewley A, Chalmers JR, et al. Home-based narrowband UVB, topical corticosteroid or combination for children and adults with vitiligo: HI-Light Vitiligo three-arm RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020;24:1-128. doi: 10.3310/hta24640.
Thomas KS, Batchelor JM, Akram P, Chalmers JR, Haines RH, Meakin GD, et al. Randomized controlled trial of topical corticosteroid and home-based narrowband ultraviolet B for active and limited vitiligo: Results of the hi-light vitiligo Trial. Br J Dermatol 2021;184:828-39.
Sisti A, Sisti G, Oranges CM. Effectiveness and safety of topical tacrolimus monotherapy for repigmentation in vitiligo: A comprehensive literature review. An Bras Dermatol 2016;91:187-95.
Rokni GR, Golpour M, Gorji AH, Khalilian A, Ghasemi H. Effectiveness and safety of topical tacrolimus in treatment of vitiligo. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2017;8:29-33.
Nahhas AF, Mohammad TF, Hamzavi IH. Vitiligo surgery: Shuffling melanocytes. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2017;18:S34-7.
Majid I., Imran S. Ultrathin split-thickness skin grafting followed by narrowband UVB therapy for stable vitiligo: An effective and cosmetically satisfying treatment option. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2012;78:159-64.
Thakur V, Kumar S, Kumaran MS, Kaushik H, Srivastava N, Parsad D. Efficacy of transplantation of combination of noncultured dermal and epidermal cell suspension vs epidermal cell suspension alone in vitiligo: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatol 2019;155:204-10.
Derbyshire E. Innovations in skin camouflaging techniques: Where are we scientifically? Int J Cosmet Sci 2019;41:526-33.
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Rajatanavin N, Suwanachote S, Kulkollakarn S. Dihydroxyacetone: A safe camouflaging option in vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 2008;47:402-6.
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Grimes PE, Hamzavi I, Lebwohl M, Ortonne JP, Lim HW. The efficacy of afamelanotide and narrowband UV-B phototherapy for repigmentation of vitiligo. JAMA Dermatol 2013;149:68-73.
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Home»Educative»Outcome of Unisex Fashion on Male and Female Styles
Outcome of Unisex Fashion on Male and Female Styles
By Jobs NGA Staff on December 1, 2020 Educative
Outcome of Unisex Fashion on Male and Female Styles.
Unisex Fashion: Flash back to the times when you could notice a lady from a mile away because you didn't need to see her face as the long female gown and hat made it possible to identify her.
In today's world, do you think you would be able to notice a lady from a mile in a major city?
The fashion world has developed so much that it is gradually breaking the gap between male and female styles with the exposure of unisex fashion.
The term "unisex" came to use from the 1960s, it can be stated that unisex clothing made its first appearance in the late nineteenth century, as part of the 'Victorian dress reform'.
It can also be stated that in the nineteenth century fashionable clothing, which originated in France, returned the supremacy of traditional feminine roles.
About Unisex Fashion
Unisex clothes are clothing that are designed without a certain gender in mind. Before now, society has dictated that men should dress in one way and women in another.
As frequently seen in schools, trousers and blue are for boys while skirts and pink are for girls. But unisex fashion has put all this aside.
However, for some it represents more than just clothing. Tanmay Saxena, the founder of London-based unisex label LaneFortyfive believes 'it's very hard to break the metaphorical walls and create equality in the times we live in.
I have this feeling that unisex clothing is a small but successful way to unfold a line of conversation towards a wide talk about equality'.
The men's style editor at The Telegraph 'Stephen Doig' agrees that it's a natural progression in a world where, luckily, there's more acceptance of gender fluency.
Different major brands admit that clothes should care less about gender and pursue this believe by launching certain unisex variety.
This is actually what many believe fashion should be about, as it should be free from judgment and based on individual self-expression.
Outcome on Male and Female Styles
It is the latest fashion and an accessory that both genders these days are seen wearing. Regardless of the colour of the band, its use is what matters more to the users.
However, the request for this clothing accessory is expanding and has led to almost all tech companies producing their own fitness bands. This firms have designed their bands in such a way that are purely unisex in style.
This cloth is completely unisex. When you feel like wearing something very comfortable and warm especially during light winters, this piece of cloth is the best option.
A sweatshirt also comes in convenient for workouts and simple track events. Many high school and college students which include boys and girls both, attend daily early-morning lectures in this piece of cloth.
The Beanie Hat
This is a different kind of a hat made of woolen material. It is mostly worn for the cold and casually on jeans and t-shirts. Both genders appear 'in fashion' when they mix their casual outfit with a woolen hat.
You need to try this outfit to see your 'cool' self. This Beanie Hat quenches the separation between male and female styles.
It is true that there are some women t-shirts that men can't wear, but women can definitely put on men's tees and step out looking all presumptuous.
Although, oversized tees look beyond cool and cute on both men and women. Men can also wear cool coloured t-shirts like sky blue, peach, baby pink etc. that are usually seen on women.
For the fact that Dungarees are old, it recently came into fashion again. A dungaree is also unisex wear that looks good on both gender. What is required is a nice T-shirt.
Plain Corporate Shirt
A Plain corporate shirt was initially men's fashion but lately, women have been rocking events in well-tailored trousers and plain white or black corporate shirts with folded sleeves. And it looks appealing and beautiful on them.
Just like the shift to plain shirts, there are a lot of women who put on a rich black blazer which was something that was earlier considered to be a 'men's wear'.
Women with blazers carry extraordinary confidence with them and it's difficult to take your eyes off them. This has led to many women embracing this style of fashion.
What you wear today becomes your style statement, be it a blazer or an oversized t-shirt. Unisex fashion today has extremely developed and reached new heights of designing.
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DUI Hardship License Finally Available In New Hampshire In 2016
12.22.15 In: Criminal Defense
Joining Maine and Massachusetts, New Hampshire will update its drunk driving laws and allow the opportunity for first time DUI offenders to drive again starting in January 2016. A hardship license may also be known as a "Cinderella license" because in other states, they might expire at midnight; or a work license due to their goal of allowing you to be able to work, while still restricting driving. The official name here in New Hampshire is a limited privilege license. If you or someone you know has had a DUI arrest, read on.
Penalty for Driving Under the Influence / Driving While Intoxicated:
In New Hampshire, a first time DUI offense carries a minimum of nine months and a maximum of two years loss of license. For the average New Hampshire citizen the loss of license caused by a DUI, DWI, or OUI can be a major hurdle. In some cases it may be impossible for those convicted of DUI to get to work, school or to the hospital for medical treatment. This new law allows some people who are under suspension to drive under a select set of circumstances. For those living under a DWI suspension, this new law could be a much needed reprieve from the burdens a lost license can cause.
New Law Creates a Special License For First Time DUI Revocation:
House Bill 496-FN provides the limitations of the new hardship license law. The charge must be under RSA 265-A:2(I) (first time offense), and must not involve a commercial motor vehicle.
Once received, the license is limited to use for the "times, places, and days determined to be necessary for the person to seek or retain employment, to attend alcohol, or drug treatment, or rehabilitation program, to attend job training, or to obtain required medical treatment for the person or a member of the person's immediate family."
What If I Drive Anyway, Even Without a Valid License?
The short answer is DON'T DO IT! But the unfortunate fact of the matter is that it is nearly impossible to survive in New Hampshire without driving. Because of this, we know that many people continue to drive even after their license has been suspended or revoked. Maybe you had no other choice before, but you may have an option now. The State takes Driving After Revocation or Suspension of your license VERY seriously when it results from a Drunk Driving arrest. Even though the fine may be only $250 for a first offense in other cases, where the revocation stems from a DUI, the MINIMUM penalty includes 7 days in jail!
Additional Risks of Serious Jail Time and Loss of License for Habitual Offenders:
Such offenses will also put you on track for the more serious trouble of being certified as a "Habitual Offender." You absolutely do not want that to happen since driving after being certified as a habitual offender could land you in Jail for up to FIVE years.
Help is Now Available – Sign Me Up for a Hardship License!
Do not let this happen to you. Let us assist you to Petition the Court for a Hardship license so you can avoid further additional trouble caused by driving without a license. In order to qualify for this special license, a petition must be filed with the Court and sufficient evidence of the need for the license must be provided. Our DUI attorneys can offer help and assistance with compiling, filing and presenting this petition to give you the best chance at success and we are currently offering a flat fee, or payment by credit card option, to help with the cost and avoid any surprises.
Please contact us now or call 603-DUI-DUI-9 / 603-384-3849 today to discuss your options.
Atty. Keith Mathews handles a variety of civil and criminal defense matters. Keith is committed to providing personal service to all his clients and enjoys Criminal Defense work. If you've been accused of DUI, or another crime, call 603-622-8100 today for a free consultation.
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*) Specifications: The USB flashdisk should have a capacity of at least 8 GB. SD cards and other flash media can be installed, too. Flashing takes about 10 to 20 minutes for the full DVD size, depending on the supported writing speed. If desired, flash media will be ereased and re-partitioned with a writable overlay, when being filled with KNOPPIX data. Therefore, we cannot provide any warranty against data loss of any kind, or even media defects! Please label your flashdisks accordingly, so they won't get lost.
Most modern computers support booting from USB flashdisk or cardreaders today. Sometimes, keyboard combinations have to be pressed during start, in order to get a boot menu, like F8, F12 or Escape.
In order to create a bootable USB-medium (memory flashdisk, SD-card, digital camera with USB connector, cellphone with microSD, ...), the program flash-knoppix can be started from a running Knoppix DVD system. This program installs all needed Knoppix files onto the FAT-formatted flashdisk, and creates a boot record for it.
After having copied the system to flash, using the persistent Knoppix image or partition (overlay feature), it is possible to also store files permanently in live mode. That way, personal settings and additionally installed programs survive a reboot.


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The Vaccines News, Reviews, Tour Dates and Videos
Read all of Addict Music's articles on The Vaccines including news, reviews, videos, tour dates and free downloads.
Isle of Wight Festival 2011, Seaclose Park 10-12/06/2011
June 24, 2011 by Addict Music
In Live Reviews
Being one of the big four festival?s the I.O.W, was a top heavy affair this year with Kings of Leon, Foo Fighters and Kasabian all headlining
Artists: Kasabian, kings of Leon, Pulp, The Vaccines, Wild Beasts
The Vaccines and Braids Added To Lounge On The Farm Festival
The Vaccines and Braids have today been confirmed for this year's Lounge on The Farm Festival, which takes place in Kent in July.
Artists: Braids, The Vaccines
The Vaccines – What Did You Expect From The Vaccines? (Columbia)
March 16, 2011 by Henry Fry
In Album Reviews, Recommended Albums
After 10 years of searching we have finally found the UK?s answer to The Strokes and guitar music is cool again
Artists: The Vaccines
Arcade Fire Announce Hyde Park Show
The Hyde Park show will feature songs from all three Arcade Fire albums – Funeral, Neon Bible and The Suburbs.
Artists: Arcade Fire, Mumford & Sons, The Vaccines
James Blake, Yuck and The Vaccines For Radio 1?s Annual Festive Festival
December 6, 2010 by Addict Music
BBC Radio 1 DJ Nick Grimshaw has announced the line up for Radio 1?s annual Festive Festival, which takes place at the BBC Maida Vale Studios on Monday 20th December.
Artists: James Blake, The Vaccines, Yuck
The Vaccines @ Madame JoJo's, London 30/11/2010
December 1, 2010 by Chris Cummins
In Features, Live Reviews
in six months or so they should have the songs and the presence to warrant the hype, but at the moment they fall short of the hefty expectation that surrounds them.


Last month, a man went on a hike with his dog in a canyon near his home when they stumbled upon what the hiker believed to be an abandoned puppy. So the dog owner didn't hesitate to pick up the newborn and take it home with him.
He called the San Diego Humane Society to come to examine the animal. But when officials arrived they delivered the news: the dog wasn't a dog at all. It was actually a young coyote. Surprise!
"It's really difficult to tell the difference between a dog and a coyote pup, especially at just a few days old," Lauren DuBois, the director of Project Wildlife, told the San Diego Union-Tribune.
After the animal's real identity was revealed, the young coyote was taken to the San Diego Humane Society.
DuBois told the Union-Tribune that the animal couldn't be immediately returned to the wild because coyotes often move their dens. She suggested that the mother coyote could have been moving her den when the hiker stumbled upon the coyote and took it home.
When the animal is ready, she said, they'll bring it back to roughly the same region it was found.
And if you're curious, Dariel Walker, a spokesperson for the San Diego Humane Society, told the Sacramento Bee there's one surefire way to tell a dog and a coyote apart.
"The elongated snout, that's the easiest way," Walker said. "And, they're just larger."


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Review // Walter Lure @ Soup Kitchen
Most of Walter Lure's former band-mates are dead. This becomes something of a running joke during his set. 'I wrote this with Johnny/Dee Dee/Jerry… RIP' he says, with mock reverence before playing whichever collaboration. He also makes lots of quips about 'visiting the graveyard', 'burying friends'.
Lure was joint frontman for Johnny Thunders and The Heartbreakers. Johnny died, and drummer Jerry Nolan, and bassist Billy Rath. Later, Lure formed The Waldos and buried even more band-mates. He then became a successful stockbroker on Wall Street, rising to manager of his own medium sized team, a move he credits with his still being alive.
Promotional material for Lure's current UK tour often dwells on all the casualties, painting Lure as 'The Survivor', the final bastion of first-gen New York punk. A man deep in with The Ramones, The Dictators, The New York Dolls. A man who embarked on a famous, doomed UK tour with The Sex Pistols and The Clash. In short, a man with 'a few stories to tell'.
Lure does have a few stories to tell. Tonight, at Soup Kitchen, he tells some stories about each of his songs. 'Chinese Rock' was borne of picking up with Dee Dee Ramone. Staring at Johnny Thunders' strung out face resulted in, 'Too Much Junkie Business.' 'London Boys' is a critical response to The Sex Pistols, who had called the The Heartbreakers, 'drug addled hippies'. The audience loves these anecdotes and look at one another scandalised and amused, whooping at familiar names.
Lure's set opens with 'One Track Mind'. It's an abrasive, exhilarating three minutes. The crowd enjoy it so much, they request him to play it again. He asks whether they have dementia. Age is another running joke in Lure's set, the audience being largely, though not exclusively, old-ish, vaping punks. He makes fun of them, and himself, often. 'Here's a slow one for all the oldies', he says, introducing 'Seven Day Weekend', 'there are more here now than ever'.
Lure is a prolific, excellent songwriter. 'Chinese Rock' is received with air punches. Everybody pogoes wildly for 'Get Off the Phone'. Tonight he's ably backed by Gunfire Dance. They note to the crowd that Lure keeps messing with the set list. We're trying to keep up, they say. He calls them robots.
When Lure and the band conclude, covering, 'Do you love me?' the audience invades the stage, ecstatic. Like everybody else there, I could listen to Lure's stories, his randomly affected English accent, and his music, for way longer. Unfortunately there are time constraints. 'What the hell is that about?' Lure asks as he exits.
Words by Abby Kearney
Walter Lure performed at Soup Kitchen on September 19th. The show was promoted by Hey! Manchester & Soup Kitchen.
Weekly Preview // 28.09-04.10


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What do new scholars want?
Trower, C. (2006). What do new scholars want? In Faculty Career Paths: Multiple Routes to Academic Success and Satisfaction (ACE/Praeger Series on Higher Education) . Bataille, G., & Brown, B., Eds. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Changing demographics and a new emphasis on economic development, internationalization, and technology, are changing the ways in which university faculty conduct their work. University and college administrators need to be prepared to recruit, hire, and retain new faculty for this new world, and this book is designed to help. In addition to providing a wealth of data about the faculty of the future, it offers practical advice from the authors, and from a number of expert contributors, on recruiting and retaining new faculty while providing a supportive environment for senior faculty during a period of growth in higher education.
Read the chapter
See also: Cathy Trower, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Recruitment and Retention, Publications Using COACHE Data, Pre-Tenure
To stay or not to stay: retention of Asian international faculty in STEM fields
Lawrence, J. H., Celis, S., Kim, H. S., Lipson, S. K., & Tong, X. (2014). To stay or not to stay: retention of Asian international faculty in STEM fields. Higher Education , 67 (5), 511-531.
The present study identifies characteristics of individuals and work settings that influence Asian international faculty members' intentions to continue their employment in US research universities. Given the demand for researchers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields (STEM), the higher rate of turnover among untenured faculty, and the replacement costs associated with turnover in STEM, the sample is limited to assistant professors employed in these areas. Multinomial regression analyses identified variables that "pull" and "push" uncertain faculty toward intentions to stay and leave their current institutions. The results suggest that faculty who are more satisfied with time available for research and those who express stronger organizational commitment are more likely to say they will stay. Those dissatisfied with the fairness of work evaluations and those who believe tenure decisions are not merit-based are more likely to say they will leave.
See also: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Recruitment and Retention, Publications Using COACHE Data
The Situational Context of Tenured Female Faculty in the Academy and the Impact of Critical Mass of Tenured Female Faculty on Pre-tenure Faculty Job Satisfaction: A Four Discipline Study
Bouvier, D. L. (2013). The Situational Context of Tenured Female Faculty in the Academy and the Impact of Critical Mass of Tenured Female Faculty on Pre-tenure Faculty Job Satisfaction: A Four Discipline Study. Ohio University.
This research studies the convergence between critical mass, discipline and gender in the academy. Critical mass theory is based on the concept that when a "nonmajority" group reaches a minimal threshold they can generate lasting change within an organization. While women receive doctoral degrees in higher percentages than their male colleagues, they do not ascend the ranks in the same proportions (Touchton, McTighe Musil, & Peltier Campbell, 2008). A critical mass of tenured female faculty has the ability to positively impact the environment for pre-tenure faculty at the departmental level.
The study used data from the 2011-12 COACHE survey of faculty in finance/accounting, management, English and history. A critical mass of tenured female faculty positively impacted environments for pre-tenure females and males in history and females in management. In management departments without a critical mass of tenured female faculty, females were significantly less satisfied while their male colleagues were significantly more satisfied. Further qualitative research is needed to better understand environments using the lenses of critical mass, discipline and gender.
See also: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Publications Using COACHE Data, Pre-Tenure, Women
Clear as Mud: Promotion Clarity by Gender and BIPOC Status Across the Associate Professor Lifespan
Kulp, A. M., Pascale, A. B., & Wolf-Wendel, L. (2021). Clear as Mud: Promotion Clarity by Gender and BIPOC Status Across the Associate Professor Lifespan. Innovative Higher Education.
Mid-career faculty members often seek to advance to the highest faculty rank of full professor, but research suggests women and Black, Indigenous and Other People of Color (BIPOC) faculty face inequitable patterns in advancement to the full professor rank. This study focuses on associate professors' perceptions of promotion clarity, or the degree to which they are clear about the processes and criteria for advancing to the full professor rank.
See also: Career Path, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Publications Using COACHE Data, Faculty of Color, Tenured, Women
Women Faculty in STEM Disciplines: Experiences with the Tenure Process and Departmental Practices
Lisnic, R., Zajicek, A., & Kerr, B. (2020). Women Faculty in STEM Disciplines: Experiences with the Tenure Process and Departmental Practices. Humanity & Society.
Using Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey data, the purpose of the study is to explore predictors of perceptions of tenure clarity for faculty in STEM and non-STEM fields. We use the gendered organization framework to examine whether for four groups of faculty (women and men in STEM and women and men in non-STEM), assessment of fairness in tenure decisions and evaluations, messages about tenure requirements, mentoring, and relationships with peers have a similar effect on their assessment of tenure clarity. Women in STEM fields are less likely to perceive the expectations for tenure as clear or to assess tenure decisions and evaluations as fair, mentoring as effective, and relationships with peers as satisfactory.
See also: Publications Using COACHE Data, By Discipline, Women
2019 Year in Review: The Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education
(2020). 2019 Year in Review: The Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education.
COACHE's 2019 work focused on two types of faculty members: those who leave and those who lead. This work incorporated a larger number of faculty members than in 2018, with 41 colleges, universities, and specialized programs in the 2019 Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey cohort, a total of more than 28,000 faculty participants, and an average institutional response rate of 54 percent.
Institutional reports for the Faculty Retention and Exit Survey indicate why faculty leave—or remain—at their institutions, and where inequities arise in retention negotiations. COACHE's work also examined how we define faculty leadership, and which faculty leaders—women and humanities faculty among them—are less likely to receive institutional support in sustaining other aspects of their work.
Download the 2019 Year in Review
See also: Year in Review
In 2018, the Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education collaborated with the Harvard Institutes for Higher Education (HIHE) to launch the first ever Seminar on Leadership of the Faculty, a three-day workshop for academic leadership. An introduction between Harvard Club of New York, HIHE, and COACHE partners in the CUNY system led to a $100,000 grant for CUNY to invest in developing diverse faculty leadership. Data from the Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey yielded an exploration of mid-career faculty, an ongoing pursuit to prevent mid-career malaise and provide support. The Faculty Retention and Exit Survey revealed the risk that a "counteroffer culture" poses to faculties' home institutions during salary negotiations. Finally, an overhaul of our data dissemination process has made it easier for researchers to access our data in order to implement institutional changes.
In the 2016-2017 academic year, the Collaborative welcomed our largest and most diverse cohort of Faculty Job Satisfaction partners to date with over 60 higher education institutions—public and private, two- and four-year—joining our ranks. After a successful pilot, we launched the first ever multi-institutional study of Faculty Retention and Exit to 12 institutions nationwide in the spring and 22 in the fall. And to complement our survey offerings, we adapted our reporting platform to be more robust than ever, with additional race and ethnicity categories and academic area analyses.
Read the year in review
Cross-cultural mentoring in higher education: the use of a cultural identity development model
Batiste, H., Denby, R., & Brinson, J. (2022). Cross-cultural mentoring in higher education: the use of a cultural identity development model. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning , 30 (4), 409-433.
This article examines the role that cultural identity development plays in understanding cross-cultural mentoring encounters between White faculty and faculty of color. The authors present the components of a conceptual framework for developing mentoring approaches that consider a person's cultural identity stage of development. Using a systematic approach, the authors consider the fundamental principles of cultural identity development theory combined with higher education contextual conditions, resulting in an approach by which mentors and protégés could govern their interactions. The article concludes with implications for mentoring program administrators, faculty, and leaders in higher education.
See also: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Faculty Development and Support, Publications Using COACHE Data
COVID-19 Impact Study: Technical Report
Foster, D. (2020). COVID-19 Impact Study: Technical Report . COACHE Partner Strategy Workshop, The Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education.
The findings from a series of statistical analyses present compelling evidence that the disruption to campus operations caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) in March 2020 impacted faculty perceptions of some aspects of their campus environment. This impact was felt across all institutions that participated in the COACHE Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey (JSAT) for a subset of JSAT benchmarks and specific items. At the same time, some benchmarks and most items were unaffected. The majority of the benchmarks and items that were impacted concerned leadership, governance, and decision-making. Additional analyses of the differences between benchmark scores with and without the presence of post-disruption responses suggest that the degree of change with the inclusion of post-disruption responses is negligible in practical application and does not warrant additional data cleaning for valid interpretation of report findings.
See also: Statistical Reports
Selected Dimensions of the Faculty Workplace Experience
(2019). Selected Dimensions of the Faculty Workplace Experience . The AAC&U 2019 Annual Conference, Washington, DC.
In conjunction with the AAC&U Annual Meeting, COACHE is providing access to digital spreadsheets summarizing results from its Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey, including responses from approximately 43,000 faculty at 2- and 4-year colleges and universities. COACHE Summary Tables 2019 provides responses organized by major Carnegie Classification and disciplinary groups, then by faculty rank (and tenure status), race/ethnicity, or gender. The following tables were extracted from COACHE Summary Tables 2019 for use in our discussion.
Download the handout
COACHE Summary Tables 2019: Selected Dimensions of the Faculty Workplace Experience
Azubuike, N. O., Benson, R. T., Kumar, A., & Mathews, K. (2019). COACHE Summary Tables 2019: Selected Dimensions of the Faculty Workplace Experience.
These summary tables include data from the 2019 Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey, focusing on the faculty workplace experience, with data presented by institution type, discipline, rank (with tenure status), race/ethnicity, and gender. Survey dimensions shown in the summary tables include questions about the nature of faculty work, facilities and family resources, interdisciplinary work, tenure clarity, promotion, and shared governance.
Access the Data Tables
Access the 2019 summary tables
Examining the Impacts of COVID-19 on Faculty Retention & Exit
(2021). Examining the Impacts of COVID-19 on Faculty Retention & Exit.
For the last five years, the Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education (COACHE) has been conducting the Faculty Retention and Exit Survey to gain a deeper understanding of the academic work environment by examining faculty mobility. In spring 2020, we added three COVID-19-related questions to the survey to capture the early effects of the pandemic.
In this webinar, Doctoral Fellow, Mai H. Vang, presents findings from the responses to those questions, which captured nine themes, including disruption of research, disconnection due to remote work, and inequities in the pandemic's impact on particular faculty.
Download the full report of our findings and presentation slides
See also: Recruitment and Retention, Webinars
Assessing the Needs of Part-Time Faculty: Lessons Learned from the University at Buffalo
(2019). Assessing the Needs of Part-Time Faculty: Lessons Learned from the University at Buffalo.
According to the American Association of University Professors (AAUP), approximately 40% of all faculty across all institutional types are now part-time. This subset of adjunct faculty is fulfilling a critical role in the higher education landscape, yet the variability of these appointments makes it exceedingly difficult to assess their needs and, ultimately, provide adequate support.
In 2017, COACHE partners at the University at Buffalo set out to address this knowledge gap by adapting the Faculty Job Satisfaction Survey to suit the needs of their part-time faculty. In this webinar, Robert Granfield and Tilman Baumstark will share the challenges faced and lessons learned, both from their methodology and from their faculty, throughout this endeavor.
View the webinar recording
See also: Career Path, Faculty Development and Support, Webinars
Faculty Departure and Retention at Small Liberal Arts Colleges
Reynolds, P. D. (2021). Faculty Departure and Retention at Small Liberal Arts Colleges.
Voluntary faculty departures can often be prevented, but a lack of common exit procedures have hindered institutions' ability to create proactive practices of faculty retention and instead harbor reactive tendencies with little positive outcome. Through interviews with 22 CAOs at liberal arts colleges, Patrick D. Reynolds, former Visiting Practitioner to COACHE, discovered partner employment and career choice were the two most prominent reasons for departures. Outliers also revealed that work and social environments, especially for faculty members of minority groups, often played a role in dissatisfaction.
See also: Recruitment and Retention, Whitepapers
Effective Academic Governance: Five Ingredients for CAOs and Faculty
Ott, M. W., & Mathews, K. (2015). Effective Academic Governance: Five Ingredients for CAOs and Faculty. The Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education.
The COACHE research-practice partnership is designed to enact organizational change for the benefit of faculty and, by extension, the institution. But does every college's system of shared governance have what it takes to meet their own or, indeed, higher education's most pressing challenges? This white paper looks beyond the rhetoric toward a more differentiated understanding of the ingredients of effective academic governance. Ott and Mathews offer a five-factor framework grounded in the literature, developed from interviews, and, now, tested in a survey of thousands of faculty. The report concludes with advice for assessing and fostering the qualities of "hard" and "soft" governance practices essential to sustainable change in the "real world" decision-making of committees, assemblies, senates, councils, and unions.
See also: Kiernan Mathews, Higher Education Leadership, Whitepapers


text:
Juvenile Justice in Virginia
Indicators: Juvenile Justice
Virginia school systems lead the nation in the highest number of student referrals to the Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ), as of 2016 this was double the national average. The latest global data from 2010, saw American youth incarceration dramatically eclipse European counterparts, and more than double the rate
of the next highest incarcerating country. Since that time, the national youth incarceration rate has been on the decline, and the Commonwealth having followed suite, saw a drop of 65% in the daily population of Juvenile Correction Centers (JCCs) between 2003 and 2011.
Taking on the Pipeline
Nationally, there is a trend towards retiring the institutional model in favor of community based programming like Functional Family Therapy, Multisystemic Therapy, and Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care. These newer models emphasize trauma informed family centered solutions. As it stands, the DJJ operates and oversees 24 juvenile detention centers, 18 group homes, and (until recently) two youth prisons. Finance chairs say rebuilding the site and recycling operations would generate an immediate savings of 38 million. Currently, the Senate and Governor's Administration are leaning towards creating two smaller scale (60 and 96 bed), therapy oriented correctional facilities, one in the Isle of Wight and the other in Chesterfield County. Youth advocates, like Rise For Youth, challenge policy makers to tackle the cradle to prison pipeline by investing in sustainable community centered treatments and divesting from all JCCs.
Where VA Stands Now
The current system is wrought with high costs and alarming recidivism rates. Virginia currently spends about $171,588 per year to incarcerate one youth. The Justice Policy Institute estimates that the long-term societal cost of youth incarceration in the US ranges from eight to 21 billion dollars annually. No amount of cost analysis for loss of future earnings and tax revenue can account for the psychological and emotional turmoil children face in the shadow of the adult correctional model. Upon admittance, half of Virginia's youth are under the age of 16, 64% show significant symptoms of a mental health disorder, and nine out of 10 present significant treatment needs.
Positive Youth Alternatives
Proponents of the two-facility plan are skeptical of the immediate cost associated with full adherence to best practices. Positive youth programs like the "Missouri Model" call for small, 30 bed, homelike centers placed within the community so that families are available partners in treatment. Facilities like these use intervention methods rather than punitive measures like pepper spray, prolonged isolation, cells, and prison guards. This level of reform may seem troublesome both from a safety and economic standpoint, but daily cost estimates per youth range from $225 to $500 per day which is less than the $560 figure associated with the Governor's plan. The Missouri Model is in its 34th year and as of 2015, boasts a 68.6% of youth remaining law abiding after three years. In the same period, 26.6% of Virginia's youth stayed out of the system and 50.7% had been recommitted within three years.
http://photowings.org/performing-statistics/
Increasing Equity
Youth advocates in Virginia call for the adoption of The Missouri Model and an increase in transparency around policy-making. Furthermore, they are encouraging diversification of members of the Taskforce on Juvenile Correctional Centers to better reflect impacted community members, such as African American youth (who account for 67.2% of incarcerated youth), parents of inmates, former youth prisoners, and the communities of Norfolk and Hampton Roads (which represent the highest commitment rates in the state). If you are interested in getting involved with this issue, connect with the Legal Aid Justice Center, Rise For Youth, or Preforming Statistics.
More articles in Education, Healthy Community, Social Stability, Workforce Preparation
Browse articles tagged 2018, DJJ, Justice Policy Institute, Juvenile Justice, Positive Youth Programs, Preforming Statistics, Rise for Youth, VA Budget, Youth Reform
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theConsultant.eu - Hitachi acquires sustainability consulting firm PRIZIM.
Home » News » Hitachi acquires PRIZIM.
Hitachi acquires sustainability consulting firm PRIZIM.
Dallas: Hitachi Consulting has acquired PRIZIM Inc., a management consulting firm dedicated to sustainability audit, consulting, training and managed service solutions, for an undisclosed sum.
Hitachi says the acquisition will strengthen its sustainability offerings, and strengthen consulting capabilities that share common goals with Hitachi Ltd.'s Social Innovation Business strategy and Smart Cities initiative.
"This acquisition is an important building block in our quest to strengthen our management consulting business with high value solutions and services," said Phil Parr, President and CEO of Hitachi Consulting. "PRIZIM's industry-leading services and high level of sustainability expertise is a great complement to our existing Environmental Sustainability Solutions. As we combine these attributes with our deep industry knowledge and strong enterprise application technology capabilities, we can look forward to expanding and deepening our client engagements."
"We are seeing an exciting trend where more companies are recognizing that sustainability can be a business driver to increased revenue, improved operating margins and recurring cost savings," said Todd Price, Senior Vice President of Hitachi Consulting's Environmental Sustainability Solutions practice. "Our Environmental Sustainability practice has already gained momentum and industry recognition. Now with the addition of PRIZIM's capabilities, intellectual property and the outstanding pedigree of the team, Hitachi Consulting can rapidly meet our client's growing demand for sustainability services."
"The acquisition of PRIZIM is an important step in the execution of our strategy for serving the Public Sector," said John Bush, Senior Vice President of Hitachi Consulting's U.S. Public Sector practice. "Both federal civilian and defence agencies are making sustainability an essential component of their mission and operations. PRIZIM's federal government experience, combined with Hitachi Group's solutions for energy, water and infrastructure, provides outstanding value for the government's sustainability agenda."
PRIZIM has its headquarters in Maryland and has approximately 45 employees.
"Because our companies share similar values along with a steadfast commitment to providing high-quality, personalized client service, I am confident that our employees will thrive in Hitachi Consulting," said Frank Priznar, Founder and CEO of PRIZIM Inc., and who has now become a Hitachi Consulting Senior Vice President and Senior Sustainability Executive.
"We remain client focused and are excited to continue our important mission of offering highly-focused sustainability consulting services to our clients. Sustainability issues are often global issues and now with the additional deep data and information systems capabilities of Hitachi Consulting combined with the unique Social Innovation Business infrastructure solutions of Hitachi Ltd., we have a global platform to more effectively deliver client solutions."


The DCS outdoor ice maker has a beautiful brushed stainless steel exterior and includes leveling legs for secure installation. This DCS ice maker produces up to 35 lbs of clear ice a day. Other features include an automatic restart function, full automatic defrost and digital controls to precisely maintain temperature. An optional DCS Drain Pump (RFIDP) is available if desired.
34 1/2" 33 3/8" -- 34 1/4"


text:
module MailStats
  class Link < ActiveRecord::Base
    attr_readonly :visits_count

    belongs_to :sent_mail, :counter_cache => true
    has_many :visits, :as => :visitable
    validates :url, :visits_count, :presence => true
    validates :url, :uniqueness => true
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


T.H.A.D.LLC has an outstanding and innovative selection of Security Systems for our customers to choose from. They range from motion sensors, home surveillance boards, to full house and property protection for you and your family or business to have the peace of mind we all deserve! See our Secure e-Store to purchase some of our products, contact us, or come visit us in our store! We invite you to chat with us on any of our products so you may find the one that best suits your needs.


text:
Miljakovac (), () is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Rakovica.

Location

Miljakovac is located on the northern outskirts of the Miljakovac Forest (Miljakovačka šuma), on the slopes of the Miljakovac hill,  high, to the south. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Kanarevo Brdo on the north and Rakovica on the west. It consists of three sub-neighborhoods: Miljakovac I and Milljakovac II which make one continuous built-up area with each other and the rest of Belgrade, and Miljakovac III, further into the Miljakovac wood. All three are residential areas, with a combined population of 19,932 in 2011. The neighborhood is known for the vast green areas, which include parks Miljakovački Izvori and Izvor, and the surrounding Miljakovac Forest.

Name

Name of the neighborhood comes from the archaic word miljak. It denoted a garden or an orchard with small, summer house, outside of the city. There is also a village of Miljkovac outside of the town of Niš. Origin of the word itself comes from milje, meaning pleasure, bliss.

Miljakovac I
Miljakovac I is the oldest section of Miljakovac and was developed in 1970 as a planned, residential area for the workers in the highly industrialized Rakovica, and their families. It makes an urban connection between Rakovica, as its eastern extension, and Kanarevo Brdo. During the NATO bombing of Serbia in 1999, the area suffered much damage due to the constant bombing of Straževica hill with underground military facilities, which is in several kilometers further to the south, but in the same level as Miljakovac I and without any natural obstacles in between. As the local community of Miljakovac within the Rakovica municipality, it had a population of 12,871 in 1981, 12,725 in 1991, 13,427 in 2002 and 12,635 in 2011. In 2010 it was divided in two local communities, Miljakovac (pop. 7,622) and Duško Radović (pop. 5,013).

Park Miljakovački Izvori is located in the neighborhood. It developed from 1983, with the planting of the original 88 plane trees and 88 birches. With the adjoining park Izvor in Miljakovac II, which is separated by the Velizara Stankovića street, it covers an area of . The park is often referred to simply as Miljakovački Park (Miljakovac Park). The section of the park was revitalized on the initiative of the diplomat Keisuke Oba (1935–2002), Japanese chargé d'affaires in Belgrade from 1995 to 1998. After his death, that section was bureaucratically named "Park of the Japanese diplomat Keisuke Oba", but is often referred to as the Park of the Serbian-Japanese Friendship, or colloquially simply as the Japanese Park. In 2012 the park was renovated and an artificial  long stream was constructed. Stream ends in the pond with the fountain which is surrounded by benches and fitness equipment in the open. Three exhibition pavilions were also constructed.

There is also a park around the seat of the local community of Miljakovac. Named MZ Miljakovac (Local Community Miljakovac), it covers .

Miljakovac II or Miljakovački Izvori
Miljakovac II or Miljakovački Izvori is an eastern extension of Miljakovac I, developed on the northeastern section of the Miljakovac wood in 1973. As the local community of Miljakovački Izvori, it had a population of 4,823 in 1981, 5,734 in 1991, 5,463 in 2002 and 7,297 in 2011.

Before it was urbanized, Miljakovac area was covered with pastures, orchards and vineyards. Abundance of the underground waters, including the Miljakovac Springs, (), prevented earlier urbanization. When Miljakovac II was built in 1973, mayor of Belgrade Branko Pešić decided to change the plans and quit on three projected buildings in order to preserve the springs and their immediate catchment. The President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito also intervened and the water from the spring was conducted to the newly built park Izvor,  downhill. Additional gravel filtering of the water under the street where the water flows is conducted and in 1975 the memorial drinking fountain was built in the park itself. A kindergarten Izvorčić ("little spring") is built near the springs. In 2011 city government changed the purpose of the catchment area declaring it to be the building land and allowing for the buildings to be constructed. Ever since then, the local population and general public is protesting and as of 2017 the construction still didn't began. In 2012 city authorities even issued the statement saying that there is actually no spring at all: allegedly they conducted 19 drillings and didn't find the source of the water, even though the capacity of the spring is  per day.

Miljakovac III
The newest section of Miljakovac, less than a kilometer to the south from Miljakovac II, to which it makes no urban connection. The neighborhood developed on the southern slopes of the Miljakovac Hill and woods of Miljakovac and Manastir (Manastirska šuma).  The area originally developed in the 1990s. The neighborhood is still expanding. After the 2010 administrative change in the boundaries of the local communities, Miljakovac III was attached to the newly formed local community Sunčani Breg, which also includes the neighborhoods of Sunčani Breg and Jelezovac, and had a population of 3,018 in 2011. This part got new minibus line 505L which connect it to Miljakovac 1 and 2.

The total forested area covers . Part of the forest was declared a natural monument in 2010.

References

External links

Neighborhoods of Belgrade
Rakovica, Belgrade

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;

import com.google.common.base.Objects;

/**
 * A grouping of users of the BrightTALK Channels platform that are registered, authenticated and managed externally.
 *
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  @Override
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      return false;
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      return false;
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    UserRealm other = (UserRealm) obj;
    if (this.id != other.id) {
      return false;
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    return true;
  }
}


text:
Sara Douglas Award
Snapshot 2016: Interview with PRK
12 August 2016 Ju	Leave a comment
The mysterious man who has his fingers in many pies, from Worldcon to the Aurealis Awards. PRK is one of the most genuine people I've ever had the fortune to meet and the chance to interview him is pretty amazing. This interview was conducted as part of Snapshot 2016 and is reposted from the Australian SF Snapshot Project. #Snapshot2016.
PRK is a long time speculative fiction enthusiast who regularly escaped to Middle Earth during primary school. Since then he's become more omnivorous in his spec-fic reading, enjoying and reviewing works in a wide variety of genres including fantasy, science fiction, horror, cyberpunk and paranormal romance. PRK is an IT Geek by day, which provides him the means to fund his spec-fic habit and devour whatever books he can get his hands on. Contributing to spec-fic in Australia, PRK runs conventions as a hobby, and is on the Board of the Western Australian Science Fiction Foundation, where he is the convenor for the Aurealis Awards. You'll usually find him roaming the corridors at Swancon and Continuum, or online via Twitter: @prkaye or his website: http://www.prkaye.com/
What is the most surprising thing you've learned about running conventions in Australia over the past several years?
I think the most surprising thing I've learned is that the community passion and sheer volume of institutional knowledge in the community have frequently lead to a quality of convention organisation beyond that I've seen from many professionally run conferences. Conventions like Swancon, Continuum and Conflux are run by volunteers and it's incredible to see the kind of events that our community produces, out of love for the genre.
You were recently one of the readers for the inaugural Sarah Douglas Award for the Aurealis Awards, what was it like to read so many books for that award and did it give you particular insight into what makes a good series?
It was both incredibly challenging based on the number of novels and incredibly rewarding to read that many series. Reading specifically for series really highlighted, for me, the difference between using the same characters and world with a different plot versus growing and evolving the characters and/or world in a way that a single novel doesn't readily allow for. In addition, all the novels in the series have to work together to build a story that's vaster than just the sum of the individual novels. Having read for the Sarah Douglas Award, I'm convinced that the differences between good standalone novels and novels that make up a good series result in the latter being under represented in awards, and I hope to see more series based awards in the future.
There are rumours that one of your long term plans is to bring Worldcon to Perth, Australia. What attracts you to the idea of a Perth Worldcon?
Worldcon is such a fantastic experience for both fans and professionals alike that I want to make it accessible to as many people as possible. The last Australian Worldcon was in 2010, and there's a growing number of fans and professionals who haven't experienced a Worldcon. Australia has thriving and varied speculative fiction communities, with Western Australia's Swancon running over over 40 years – I've been told it's the longest continuously running speculative fiction convention in the Southern Hemisphere. With over 40 years of experienced convention runners and fannish traditions, hosting in Perth would provide a fantastic opportunity for the Australian community to experience Worldcon, and also be a different and unique experience for the International community, compared to previous Melbourne based Worldcons.
What Australian work have you loved recently?
I really enjoyed Season one of Cleverman. It was a fantastic use of science fiction targeted at a mainstream audience which examined and commented on the racism prevalent in Australian society and our government's policies. While distressing in some areas, it didn't hold back on showing the human impact that policies and attitudes can have. Despite, or perhaps because of that, it also provided a strong and powerful representation of Aboriginal people struggling with the impact of, and fighting back against, injustice.
Which author (living or dead) would you most like to sit next to on a long plane trip and why?
I hate small talk on planes, people rarely want to be there – they're either on their way to or from somewhere, and it's a closed environment with no ability to leave if a conversation turns out to be distressing. Besides, I'd much rather an empty seat for the extra space! So let's say it was at a convention bar instead, where anyone was free to enter or leave as they pleased. I'd absolutely love to talk with Mary Shelley.
It would be fascinating to discuss with her the current state of speculative fiction, all the sub genres, and her thoughts on the development of it, from the context of Frankenstein. I'd also love to hear Shelly's thoughts and experiences of the genre over such an extended lifetime (assuming that's how this has worked, rather than a sudden resurrection), and also her predictions for the future of the genre.
Aurealis AwardsAustraliaContinuumconvention organisingconventionsfandomgeekerySara Douglas Awardspeculative fictionSwanconWorldcon


The Swedish Chef aka Jesper Aubin of HMWL team will be releasing two really cool EPs this year. First one is called Scandinavian Misschief. It's a collaboration between Jesper and Alex Jafar Taniewski and Maxime Cescau (aka Poussez). The EP is released on London's in my opionion most creative label of 2010 – Artizan music. Ending the year of 2011 with the Scandinavian Mischief EP will give them the "most forwardthinking" award second year in a row – at least from me.


text:
News Under the Radar
VA details increase in vets shooting selves
Spacecraft recovery ship Murtha makes unplanned return to San Diego
Matt Potter
No smooth sailing without lube: USS John P. Murtha
VA's shooting suicides
San Diego's Veterans Administration Health Care system has fallen short in its efforts to deal with the growing number of loaded guns in the hands of suicidal patients, according to a newly released audit. "In 2019, an average of approximately 17 veterans died by suicide each day, with 69 percent of veteran deaths by suicide due to self-inflicted firearms injury," says a November 17 report by the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.
"Further, although non-veteran firearm-involved suicide deaths decreased from 2001 to 2019, firearm-involved suicide deaths rose 3 percent among male veterans and 13 percent among female veterans." Making the problem especially critical, the report says, is that "approximately 85 percent of individuals who attempt suicide with a firearm die from their injury, and the time interval between deciding to act and attempting suicide may be just 5 or 10 minutes. A study of 135 individuals who died by suicide found that individuals storing a loaded gun or publicly carrying a gun was associated with a four-fold increase in the likelihood of death by suicide."
VA San Diego: trying to teach veterans about gun safety.
But prying loaded guns from reluctant patients' hands isn't easy. The study notes that while the VA program seeks only to provide counseling regarding safe gun use and storage, many patients fear revealing their at-home weapons stashes to government workers, suspecting that the guns will be unjustly seized.
"Most clinicians reported that educational and cultural barriers such as mistrust of authority or government systems, fear of infringement of Second Amendment rights, and reluctance to give up means of self-protection were factors that might impede patient disclosure of firearms access." To deal with such reluctance, VA workers are supposed to undergo a so-called Lethal Means Safety Education and Counseling course, but the program has fallen short, with San Diego having only 86 percent worker compliance, well below the minimum 90 percent threshold, the document says.
"Given the prevalence of firearm-related suicidal behavior among veterans and the effectiveness of diminished access to firearms in the reduction of suicide, suicide risk assessment, and safety planning should include both firearms access information and discussion of safe storage," the audit notes. "Safe firearm storage," per the document, includes "storage in a gun safe or lock box; and storing the firearm unloaded and separate from ammunition."
Casualty at sea
It was a quick U-turn for the amphibious warship USS John P. Murtha, which was forced to return to its home port of San Diego after just a week at sea, due to "an unspecified maintenance issue," reports the website USNI.org. "Ship spotters saw the 25,000-ton warship entering San Diego harbor on Tuesday." The Murtha left San Diego on November 9 for its deployment as part of the Makin Island Amphibious Ready Group. The turnaround was quick, with the Murtha leaving again on November 17. "A spokesperson from Expeditionary Strike Group 3 told USNI News that the Murtha suffered a casualty in the ship's lube oil system that was repaired. The spokesperson did not have additional details on the casualty."
The Murtha has been certified as a recovery ship for NASA's unmanned Orion spacecraft, set to splash down off the San Diego coast on December 11 following its orbiting of the moon, but "it's unclear what San Antonio-class ship the Navy will use to recover the Orion capsule," says USNI. "As soon as Orion splashes down in the Pacific after its lunar mission, a team of divers, engineers, and technicians will depart the ship on small boats and arrive at the capsule," reads a NASA news release from November 9, 2021.
"Once there, they will secure it and prepare to tow it into the back of the ship, known as the well deck. To ensure Orion is stabilized while in the water, engineers will attach it to an assembly that acts as an oversized fishing reel that can be adjusted pneumatically to secure the capsule while inside the well deck of the ship." According to a July 17, 2021, ArsTechnica.com dispatch on the water return, "Orion's recovery procedures are rated to accommodate winds of up to 25 knots and a wide range of seas. Astronauts will also have access to a life raft, life preservers, and other basic survival equipment."
— Matt Potter (@sdmattpotter)
The Reader offers $25 for news tips published in this column. Call our voice mail at 619-235-3000, ext. 440, or sandiegoreader.com/staff/matt-potter/contact/.
Pottery wheel to make pottery
Paid blood draw study
Looking for a career switch?
North Park, 55+
Colin Flaherty gets sent off with a song
Journey of a Journo
Sun Room single, Allison Adams Tucker video, Burt Bacharach collection, Keni Yarbro cover, Israel Maldonado performance
"Short and sweet with unhinged vocals and guitars"
Local waterfalls are pumping, Big surf moves sand
Brown pelicans show breeding plummage
Some Kind of Nightmare tours while Social Spit stays home
The difference between young and old punk rockers


text:
import kuzzle from '../services/kuzzle'
import config from '../services/config'
import KuzzleDocumentEntity from './kuzzleDocumentEntity'

let kuzzleDocumentEntity = new KuzzleDocumentEntity();

export default {

    state: {
        kuzzleData: null
    },

    /**
     * Load data and create a mapping layer
     */
    loadDataFromKuzzle()
    {
        // Callback function
        this.cb = (err, res) => {
            if (!err && 0 < res.total) {
                this.state.kuzzleData = res.documents.map(document => {
                    return kuzzleDocumentEntity.fromDocumentToFeature(document);
                });
            } else {
                console.log(err.message);
            }
        };

        // Search function
        return kuzzle
            .collection(config.kuzzleCollection, config.kuzzleIndex)
            .search({
                from: 0,
                size: 10000
            }, this.cb);
    }

}