I am honored and humbled beyond words to be elected the 51st President of the Canadian Association of Insurance Women and to follow in the footsteps of the 50 amazing women who have journeyed this path before me. I will do my utmost in the coming year to represent CAIW to the very best of my ability. The elected Executive Board consists of energetic people who will work diligently together to continue making this an Association we can all be proud of.
Thank you to the members of CAIW and the members of my local Association, the Nova Scotia Insurance Women's Association for placing your trust in me and allowing me to represent such a dynamic group of people. Each and every one of you have been instrumental in making me who I am today and I appreciate all I have accomplished due to your friendship and encouragement.
I would also like to thank Travelers Canada for their support of my journeys through NSIWA and CAIW. The support of our employers is extremely important to allow participation and growth in areas outside the actual work environment. The knowledge and confidence we gain is a great reward to be shared professionally as well as personally.
No local Association stands alone. We are all united together to make one cohesive partnership for the good of all members. In my acceptance speech at the close of the CAIW Annual General Meeting in Montreal, in May of 2017, I spoke about stealing a phrase from a particular person I admire. That phrase is "Together We Are Stronger" and I attribute it to Tamara Higgins of NSIWA. So, while I do not have a particular "Theme" for this term, I do wish for all members to work together to make CAIW stronger and better for all.
As we continue to change and enhance our Association, everyone's input is valuable to make this a viable, diverse organization – where there is something for everybody.
I hope everybody has a fantastic summer!!


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text:
Q: React API Fetch resolve promise I have a functional component Users.js and a seperate Api.js.
Below the code which gives me the error:
// Function Users.js
useEffect(() => {
        console.log(fetchUsers());
        const data = fetchUsers();
        setUsers(data);
        //setUsers(fetchUsers());
}, []);

// Api.js
export const fetchUsers = async () => {
    const data = await fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users');
    return await data.json();
};

I am getting the following error:
TypeError: users.map is not a function

This is because I return a promise, which I could see by evaluating the console.log(fetchUsers()).
How can I fix this issue, because it worked as long as I used the function fetchUsers inside my function and not in a seperate file...

A: I tried to update your code to give you two examples:
export default function App() {
  const [users, setUsers] = useState();

  useEffect(() => {
    async function getData() {
      const data = await fetchUsers();
      setUsers(data);
    }

    getData()

  }, []);

  return (

Hello CodeSandbox

      {
        (users || []).map(item => {item.name})
      }

  );
}

export const fetchUsers = async () => {
  const data = await fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users');
  return await data.json();
};

The second one is better than the first one, I used .then() on your function:
export default function App() {
  const [users, setUsers] = useState();

  useEffect(() => {

    fetchUsers().then(items => setUsers(items))

  }, []);

  return (

Hello CodeSandbox

      {
        (users || []).map(item => {item.name})
      }

  );
}

In both cases I am able to retrieve the users.
I tried it in a single file but you can of course move the functions where you prefer.
I suggest you, before to render data, to check if the users array exists (users || []) or to give it a default empty array value [users, setUsers] = useState([])

A: You can handle the promise which is returned and then set the state.
fetchUsers().then((result) => setUsers(result));

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Navigating in Dynamics 365 Business Central
Microsoft Dynamics 365 For Dummies
By Renato Bellu
Microsoft has sought to make navigation within Business Central as easy and intuitive as possible. One of the most frustrating experiences of working with software applications is not knowing how (or not being able to remember how) to get to a certain screen. You have to keep fishing through a hierarchy of menus, searching deeper and deeper into the rabbit hole, only to come up empty-handed.
At last, in desperation, you resort to reading the documentation you find on Google or another search engine, but that documentation forces you to complete a long series of steps to get to the screen, and then you still have the frustrating experience trying to navigate from the steps listed in the documentation to the actual menu items in the application, which don't always agree because the documentation may be somewhat out-of-date or pertain to a slightly different version of the software.
Microsoft makes it a little easier to find help with Dynamics 365.
Searching for screens and reports in Dynamics 365 Business Central
In Business Central, Microsoft has devised a better way to find any screen in the application, in the form of a global menu search available for the application: the Search for Page or Report feature. This search doesn't look for individual records (such as a particular vendor or customer) but rather for links to screens (such as the Vendor or Customer Card Maintenance screen). The Search for Page or Report feature is accessed by clicking the Magnifying Glass icon, found on the right side of the top black navigation bar. (This navigation bar is also referred to as the address bar.)
Using the Search for Page or Report feature, you can find your way around Business Central without having to memorize where menu items are located within a cascading maze of menus. The bonus plan here is that this same feature can be used to find both screens and built-in reports; by the way, many reports are more often printed to the screen, rather than on hard copy (paper), and can therefore, in essence, be thought of as screens as well).
The Escape (Esc) key on the keyboard is important in Business Central because some of the screens don't display Exit or Close command buttons. Instead, use the Esc key to close a window and go back to the previous screen. Alternatively, to close the window, you can click the X icon (for eXit), located at the far right end, on top of a window (if one is available). Typically, screens in Business Central don't have command buttons labeled Save, Close, or Save & Close (as you might see in Dynamics 365 for Customer Engagement), but don't worry: Conveniently, your changes are saved on or before exiting, without your having to click a Save button.
As an example of navigation by means of the Search for Page or Report feature, see the images below. In this example, you search for the Vendor Maintenance screen. Keep in mind that navigating to the vendor card is easy enough by simply using the menu navigation; however, for many screens that are harder to find, you can locate them by using the Search for Page or Report feature.
To navigate to the Vendor Maintenance screen using the Search for Page or Report feature, follow these steps:
Click the Magnifying Glass icon on the address bar.
The Magnifying Glass icon on the address bar (the black navigation bar at the top of the web page) launches the Search for Page or Report feature.
The Search for Page or Report dialog box displays.
Searching for page or report in Business Central.
Enter a page or report name. (For this example, type vendor.)
The search will include items that begin with the search text you enter.
With each letter you type into the search box, the list of page and report links below it changes to reflect the change in search criteria.
In the Name column, you see the name of the page or report.
In the Department column, you see the navigation path for that page or report (where it's located within the hierarchy of menus).
Click the Lists button to filter the search results to show only list-related links — in other words, links to open lists of records.
Besides filtering on the pages and reports that are related to lists, you have the choice to filter by Reports and Analysis, Archive, Administrative, Tasks, and more. The choices for filtering change to reflect the types of items that have shown up in the search results.
For example, if you were looking for a report, you would click Reports and Analysis to narrow the search results to display only links to reports.
Click the Vendors link at the top of the search results.
The Vendors List window appears.
Navigating within the list of vendors.
Note the three small buttons located above the list to the right. You can use them to toggle the list between viewing the vendors as text or as tall icons (tall tiles) or wide icons (wide tiles).
One tab (or ribbon, as it's sometimes called) is labeled Navigation; clicking the Navigation ribbon reveals navigation shortcuts related to the type of record you're viewing — in this case, vendors. (The ribbon is also referred to as a FastTab.)
The Magnifying Glass icon located to the far right above the list of vendors allows you to filter the list of vendors (vendor tiles) displayed; as you type in the search box, the vendors are instantly filtered by each letter as you key them in; filtering is based on vendor name. The asterisk (*) may be used as a wildcard character.
Click any Vendor icon (tile) to open the Vendor Card (Maintenance Window) for that vendor.
The vendor card displays.
Navigating by menu in Dynamics 365 Business Central
Navigating by menu in Business Central is straightforward. You'll find a Navigation area near the top of the screen located directly under the black navigation (address) bar, with top-level menu choices for each module of the application as well as a self-service menu and a settings menu. When you click a top-level menu choice, a second level of menu choices related to what you clicked appears immediately below in a row of choices. Clicking one of the second-level choices opens a screen, which is usually in List view.
Menu navigation in Business Central.
For example, this image shows that if you choose Finance → Chart of Accounts from the module's main menu/navigation area, the chart of accounts is displayed in a list. When the list appears, you see a command bar in the Actions area with command buttons (a button you click that opens another window or performs a command) and pull-down menus (a button you click that causes yet another little menu to drop down from the button, giving you more selections). The buttons that have pull-down menus can be identified by the down arrow immediately to the right of the menu item name.
If you take another look at the image above, you can see that the + New Button has no down arrow to the right of it. Clicking the New button opens the G/L Account Card window. On the other hand, the Process button does have a down arrow to the right of it. When you click the Process button, no command is issued right away, but instead a pull-down menu appears, giving you more menu choices. When you click a menu choice on the pull-down menu, the command is issued. The commands on the command bar pertain to the list of records you're viewing, and specifically to a particular record or records you have selected in the list.
To add a new G/L Account card to Business Central, the navigation is shown here:
Finance → Chart of Accounts → New
The G/L Account Card window displays.
A G/L Account Card in Business Central.
Notice that more menus appear at the top of the window; in fact, menu ribbons are located at the top of most windows. In this example, the Home tab and Report tab that you see along the top of the menu can be clicked to cause the menu ribbon to display another set of related buttons (menu choices). The buttons found on a ribbon are further organized into menu groups. Note in the image above that the Balance menu group has two buttons: the G/L Account Balance button and the G/L Balance button. When you hover the mouse over any one of these buttons, a pop-up Help balloon appears, to describe what the button is meant to be used for.
Feeling at home in your Dynamics 365 Business Central Role Center
The home page when you sign in to Business Central is called a Role Center. The Role Center concept was introduced as part of a user-centric design philosophy embraced by the Microsoft design team as a core principle in moving Dynamics NAV to the cloud as a SaaS offering and rebranding it as Dynamics 365 Business Central.
A user-centric design means, among other things, that the menus, buttons, and information that are displayed when you sign in reflects what is important to you, not just a standard menu structure that everybody, regardless of their job title, has to live with. Rather than struggle to learn how to navigate a maze of menus, you're presented with only the menu items, quick-access command buttons, actions, and links that take you to the functions and features that matter most to you. Your Role Center page may appear different from those of other users, depending on your role in your organization. Your user profile in Business Central determines your Role Center home page. Default profiles can be specified for each user group. Every user who has the same profile starts out with the same Role Center.
A great feature is the ability to customize any Role Center to fit the specific needs of any individual user; this means that your home page can be completely unique, tailored to your precise preferences. The Business Central user interface can be customized by way of personalization and configuration. As a user, you can tailor your own home page (an example of customization through personalization); as a Business Central system administrator, you can set up and modify Role Centers (an example of customization through configuration).
The Role Center provides yet another important way to navigate throughout Business Central. In fact, if your Role Center is tailored just right, it pretty much takes care of all your navigation needs, because all the links you use daily are at your fingertips.
Role Centers may include many different types of elements, such as the ones described in this list:
Standard (top-line) menus: These menus, which are organized mainly by module or functional area, are directly under the address bar (the black navigation bar at the top).
Actions: Actions are, in essence, command buttons — a link you click that executes an action. Actions that normally appear in menu navigation ribbons (tabs) across the top of various windows can also be displayed on the Role Center. In other words, you can take menu items (actions) from anywhere in Business Central and have a shortcut link to that menu item on a Role Center page.
Insights: Insights are prebuilt queries that refresh every ten minutes; they find interesting facts within your organization's data and display them as headlines, similar to a news feed.
Your system administrator must install the Essential Business Insights Extension for Business Central before Insights can be displayed on your Role Center home page.
Cues with drill-down: Cues are tiles that show a number, such as the number of unposted (pending) sales invoices.
You can then click the tile to drill down into the details. For example, you can drill down to display a list of unposted sales invoices.
Power BI visualizations: Graphs and reports developed using Power BI (Microsoft's report writing tool).
Download and install Power BI Desktop if you want to create your own Power BI reports.
Business Central comes with the following prebuilt Role Centers, which you can use as is or tailored to your organization's precise requirements by your system administrator or Dynamics 365 solution provider:
Order Processor
Personalizing your Role Center is as easy as clicking the Gear icon, which brings the screen into Edit mode. However, your system administrator may want to control the level of Role Center customization, so that person may limit access to the Designer feature. Creating a new Role Center or modifying an existing Role Center requires some fairly advanced technical knowledge. Please confer with your Dynamics 365 system administrator or authorized Dynamics 365 solution provider for more details.
The quickest way to navigate back to your Role Center home page is to click your company name in the upper left corner of the screen. Alternatively, you can click the Magnifying Glass icon on the address bar (the black navigation bar at the top of the web page), which launches the Search for Page or Report feature. Type home in the search box, and then click the Home link when it appears in the search results.
To navigate to a previous window in Business Central, you can use the Go Back arrow (the left-pointing arrow) as you would in any typical web application; browsing back is yet another way to navigate in Business Central.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
File from the kindred Miskolc (; died between 1247 and 1249) was a Hungarian clergyman in the 13th century, who served as provost of the cathedral chapter of Zagreb from 1236 until his death. He belonged to the entourage of Coloman, Duke of Slavonia. He functioned as chancellor of the ducal court between 1237 and 1241.

Career
File (also Fyle, Phyle or Fila) was born into the Mikola branch of the ancient gens (clan) Miskolc. He had two brothers, comes Thomas and Peter. Their parentage is unknown. Thomas was progenitor of the Vadakoli and Mikolai noble families, which flourished until the 14th and 15th centuries, respectively. Thomas lived in Csáj in Abaúj County in the 1230s (present-day Vyšný Čaj and Nižný Čaj in Slovakia).

File entered the service of Prince Coloman, who was duke of Slavonia from 1226 until his death. File is first mentioned by contemporary records in 1231, when he functioned as notary of Coloman. In this capacity, he formulated the privilege letter of Vukovar. File was elected provost of Zagreb in 1236, replacing Matthias Rátót. He held the position until his death. As provost, File assisted Stephen II, Bishop of Zagreb, an influential confidant of the duke. Beside that, he also served as chancellor for Duke Coloman from 1237 until the latter's death during the first Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1241. Subsequent charters frequently call File as chancellor and "magister", demonstrating the prestige of his office, even though he was not a member of the royal court. According to historian György Györffy, his person ensured the good relationship between Duke Coloman and Bishop Stephen.

Following the death of Coloman, File and his brothers retained the grace of King Béla IV of Hungary, who transcribed and confirmed in their ownership of many landholdings, which they received from Coloman in the last decade. File participated in the royal campaign commanded by Ban Denis Türje in 1244 to the coastal city of Spalato (present-day Split, Croatia), which rebelled against the Hungarian rule. According to contemporary chronicler Thomas the Archdeacon in his work Historia Salonitana, File ("Philetus") led one of the companies which successfully besieged the city. Following the surrender of Spalato, File stood for an immediate peace deal. File acted as a pristaldus (royal commissioner or "bailiff") for the Hungarian monarch in 1245, when registered certain nobles to the ownership of Rakovac. He led a delegation of the cathedral chapter of Zagreb to the royal court in September 1247, requesting Béla IV to donate a portion on the Gradec hill in Zagreb in order to erect a fort to protect the landholdings of the chapter. Subsequently, a tower called Popov toranj was built.

Estates
The Miskolc kindred possessed lands in Borsod County in Northeast Hungary, and File was also a wealthy landowner in the region. A distant relative, Mikó Miskolc pledged his inherited estate of Mályi for 60 marks to File and his brothers in 1234. Later they also owned Kistokaj. File possessed the right of patronage over the Benedictine abbey of Boldva in the first half of the 13th century. File and his brothers also owned portions around Miskolc, the ancient namesake estate of their kindred. Their another distant relative Panyit Miskolc (son of Panyit, from the Keresztúr branch) sold his estate in Miskolc for 30 marks to File and his brothers in 1245. Prior to that, Panyit inherited his estate from his brother Varasd, who died without descendants. File and his brothers sought to acquire the estates of impoverished branches of the Miskolc clan in the region. They bought Dédes from castle warriors in 1247, who originally received the land to build a castle there with royal permission. However, their money ran out. File took over the task of building the castle by purchasing the land. By 1254, a powerful lord and local rival of the Miskolc clan, Ernye Ákos owned the now fully finished Dédes Castle (whether Ernye or File has completed the construction of the fort is uncertain). Simultaneously with his social ascension, File and his family sold their several lands in Borsod County and moved their primary interests to Slavonia.

File's service in the ducal court of Coloman contributed to the acquisition of large estates by him and his brothers in Slavonia, especially Valkó County. In exchange for some landholdings in Hungary, File and Thomas were granted the estates Heyreh and Luder by Coloman in 1237. Béla IV confirmed this donation to them in October 1244, rejecting the claim of Bertrand Bajóti and his wife Ahalyz (widow of Batiz Negol then Solomon Atyusz). File was granted several estates near Pakrac in 1239 – Daróc (present-day Vardarac, Croatia), Ködmen, Rücs and Donát –, which were formerly belonged to the ownership of Abraham Tétény. King Béla donated the estates Mikola and Szentmárton near Svinjarevci and Vukovar to File and his brothers in October 1242, fulfilling the promise of the late Coloman. File also acquired the estate Halmos in the region in early 1244. With these donations, File established a contiguous lordship in the area between the rivers Vuka (Valkó) and Bosut (Báza). File established his seat in Mikola.

Legacy
File died sometime between 1247 and 1249. Béla IV confirmed Thomas and Peter as the owners of "Derinemty", Mikola and Szentmárton for the merits of the late File in January 1249. The monarch did the same regarding the estates Daróc and Ködmen in November 1252.

Following File's death, his brothers gradually sold or exchanged the family estates in Borsod County. Thomas appeared as an appraiser of the Kórógyi family, notable landowners in Valkó County, in 1259. Their exclusion from Northeast Hungary was also accelerated by an unfortunate political decision. The territory belonged to the realm of Duke Stephen, who embroiled into conflict with his father Béla IV. Thomas' son, Nicholas "the Blond" was a retinue of the duke. Around 1263, Stephen handed him 300 silver marks with an order to give it to his distant relative Panyit Miskolc (son of Paul) to finance his legation to the Golden Horde. However, Nicholas embezzled the amount and swore loyalty to King Béla. As a result, following the civil war, Duke Stephen confiscated the estates of the Mikola branch in Borsod County – Mályi, Kistokaj and the portions in Miskolc – and handed them over to Panyit Miskolc in 1268.

Thomas and Nicholas were referred to as owners of Cserics in Valkó County in 1267. Thomas' another son File (II) took part in the Battle on the Marchfeld in 1278. File's son Lawrence participated in the Austrian–Hungarian War of 1291. He was the ancestor of the Vadakoli family. Lawrence and his brothers – Nicholas (II), Peter (II) and Paul – supported Charles I of Hungary during the era of Interregnum in the early 14th century. The Mikolai family descended from Peter (II). All the family estates in Valkó County, which provost File began to expand, were acquired by the powerful Garai family in the first third of the 15th century, following the extinctions of the Vadakoli and Mikolai branches.

References

Sources

1240s deaths
13th-century Hungarian Roman Catholic priests
File

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A diverse collection of textile-based works presented by Sheridan's Bachelor of Craft and Design: Textiles graduating class.
"By a Thread represents our shared connection through textiles, and our individual development within the medium. Textiles is the thread that unites our work, and it is by a thread we sometimes hang in our moments of doubt.
Our collective body of work explores how textiles can be anything from beautiful functional objects, to reflections on personal and cultural histories, to individual acts of catharsis. The variety of work in the exhibition is testament to the diversity of techniques and approaches in the medium of textiles.
As students, we celebrate the freedom this versatility has given us; to be both overwhelmed by uncertainty, and to explore with reckless abandon. We have learned to navigate the unpredictable nature of the creative process, and now we welcome all the possibilities of our futures beyond Sheridan College."
The Textiles Studio in the Craft & Design Program at Sheridan College in Oakville, ON offers an exciting four-year Bachelor program committed to teaching a diverse range of techniques, methods, and training in textiles. Students engage in a dynamic curriculum through hands-on techniques, materials, and processes through applicable 2D and 3D fibre - specific approaches, while gaining knowledge and exposure in various aspects of textiles through interdisciplinary projects, co-ops, industry visits, field trips, visiting artists, in-depth research, and studio-based work. In addition, students build connections through artistic innovation, skills, and practice, while learning how to initiate an idea from concept to creation. The Textile Museum of Canada is pleased to support textiles students in their development, hosting field trips at the Museum and showcasing the work of graduating students in this exhibition.


All sessions are $365, include 9 ninety minute classes and include a make up week. All classes are held in the second floor art room at the Union Church in Hinsdale. Maximum class size is 12 students. Please reference the supply list and label all materials with your child's name for the first day of class.
Students may choose to store their supplies at The Union Church or to bring them back-and-forth to class. This will be a fluid accommodation, making the art making as stress free as possible.
As we begin together, please walk your child up to class and let me know If you would like me to walk your child downstairs to meet you at the end of class. The goal would be for your child to be comfortable coming and going and I'm happy to accommodate you and them in any way possible. Safety and comfort are of the utmost importance. Please do not hesitate to text me at 630.877.4306 with any concerns or needs.
PLEASE SEE OUR CALENDAR PAGE TO DETERMINE WHICH SESSION DAY/TIME YOU ARE REGISTERING FOR.
I truly want to support and encourage them and I am committed to their joy and edification. Anything you share will be held in confidence. I am a mother first in my life and I raised two with significant learning issues. I understand special needs and the IEP process as well as the needs of the gifted. I would like to believe that I am sensitive to the needs of every child. I am open to you texting me at 630.877.4306 to set up a time to talk. I'm looking forward to encouraging your child artistically. I thank you for the honor and the opportunity to work with them. Also is your child fearful of dogs? I have considered bringing my dogs to class if children are interested and not afraid.
Thank you so much for registering! I am very excited to work with your child and guide them on a life long journey of artistic exploration and the Joy of art making.
Practicing art will teach them spacial and relational skills that will help them with mathematics. Innovative problem solving they encounter in the creative process will aid them as the world becomes more complex.
The skills that they will learn will help them grow, increase their ability to problem solve, express themselves, and cope with any anxieties.
MCAA strives to establish a safe and collaborative environment where all children are celebrated for all of their abilities.
To process payment online, please click here.
Thanks again and feel free to contact me with any questions!


The moment I was conceived in my mother's womb Old Father Time must have filled my hourglass to the brim ... or almost ... for tomorrow I shall join the hallowed flock of geezers who have attained the ripe old age of 80. Although the sand no longer sifts through the slot from the upper to the lower chambre with the gusto of yore , yet I feel its movement in my every step , gesture and breath as it trickles through the narrow opening .... slow but constant .... a far cry from the rhythm of yesteryear.... and there is also the uncertainty as to just how much sand is left in the top bulb , one of the great unknowns in life. These reflexions are not meant to be overly poetic .... neither philosophical nor pessimistic as I am enjoying my old age in a very possitive way with the woman I love ...... and a wilily independent cat named McDuff .....in a slow-moving life style that I can keep pace with. I have likewise been blessed with two sons who sent me birthday greetings today from Québec both vowing their love for me .... adding that the world became a better place for all to live in the day I was born some 80 years ago. I FEEL LOVED ! Now there's a morale booster for you ...... so what could a guy ask for better ?
In hindsight I can safely say that being born into a Catholic family in the North End of Saint John back in the 1930s branded me with an indelible mark that is still visible today at age 79 ... not so much in my physical appearance but rather on my deep subconscience which surfaces sporadically , almost like a tug .... and especially on Sundays and high moments throughout the liturgical years ... Christmas ,Lent , Easter,etc.
I discussed these questions the other day with an old childhood friend , Paul Brideau , to whom I confessed my loss of the old FAITH but reassured him that HOPE and CHARITY were still alive and well. In fact ,I'd say that I the only big difference is that I no longer follow the road map to heaven set out for me is my early childhood. However , ... much like my friend Cicero in his great work entitled De Amicitia who says , " For I do not agree with those who have recently begun to argue that soul and body perish at the same time , and that all things are destroyed by death." Moreover , I have the deep feeling that my belief in God has been awakened these last few years and is slowly gaining strength with each passing day as I age "gracefully and peacefully" with a warm and loving wife to encourage me onwards , being afirm believer in God herself .....although she be the product of a somewhat different religious Weltanschauung .... all in all though I believe we stimulate each other in a very positive way.
When I hear scientists brag that science has all the answers I get the shivers ... even though I often agree with such slogans as , " The good thing about science is that it's true whether you believe it or not" .... referring to the popular belief that the earth wascreated roughly 6000 years ago. Amen for the moment as I can go no further today on this question.
Ad Vitam Aeternam , Amen !
Like so many gazillion others , I was born into a religion .... a body of complex dogmas and practices to which I was preordained because my parents were who they were ..... good , staunch , dyed-in-the-wool Catholics....... and their parents before them too ! In other words my whole religious belief system was imposed upon me ...in spite of me .... holus-bolus---- on a silver platter ..... all I had to do was to learn it by heart .... mysteries , divine laws, Church laws and rules ...and comply by believing , obeying and practicing .....never doubting it to be the one true road to salvation. Moreover , had God Himself not sent His only begotten son among us to show us the way by establishing the Catholic Church the day Jesus said to Sant Peter , our first Pope , " Tu es Petrus et supra hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam." " You are Peter ( Rock ) and upon this rock I shall build my Church". What more certitude does one need ? Dixit nobis Deus ! God told us !
"Et expecto resurrectionem mortuorum, et vitam venturi saeculi. Amen."
"And I await the ressurection of the dead and life in a world to come. Amen"
The above Latin quotation are the closing words of the Catholic Credo. For the first thirty years of my life this Credo was not only my pledge of allegiance to a modus vivendi but also a roadmap showing me the way to eternal bliss. Growing up a Catholic during the heyday of Latin I was constantly bombarded by "ad vitam aeternam "( to eternal life ) and "in saecula saeculorum" ( forever and ever ) on a daily basis ... especially after I began serving Mass at age 9. So the eternity that awaited me was not the timeless , unconscious eternal empty flatline of the vowed aethiest but rather a blissful and joyous everlasting continuum ... with family and friends .... much like an ideal life here on earth ... except maybe better ! Although it seemed so far off in the future when I was young , psychologically I felt secure in my beliefs and their rewards without ever doubting the system I was born into.
I'll give God full credit for knowing and understanding how humans interact.
Whether it be "Let bygones be bygones" or the idiom "It's all water under the bridge" ..... both expressions make reference to the past ...... as do all languages in the structural or morphological make-up of their verbal systems. First of all there is the simple present or often called the preterite , " He milked the cows". Now should we have two actions or events in the past one of which preceded the other then the former is said to be in an ideal "pluperfect" situation .... grammatically speaking that is ! "After he had fed the chickens , he milked the cows". Feeding the chickens took place before .... was anterior to .... milking the cows .... so therefore , "had fed" is the pluperfect tense of the verb "feed". Some languages ( French and Italian ) even boast having two pretrites .... one more informal or colloquial ( yet correct ) composed of either of the auxiliary verbs "to have " or "to be" plus the past participle of the targetted verb .... the other more classical and often named the historical or remote past tense ..... the latter being highly inflected for all persons both in the singular and in the plural. An ongoing or incomplet action in the past when expessed linguistically is referred to as being in the imperfect tense ... "I was feeding the chickens when the rooster crowed". The imperfect may likewise connote repeted or habitual past actions ...... " On y allait souvent" ou " Pendant ma jeunesse je dormais souvent chez ma tante Claire".
No discussion about time , tense , past and present .... ongoing or static ... would be thorough without mentioning the monkey on every English learner's back..... the past present tense , either progressive or factual. This is a verb tense which combines , includes and portrays both past and present time as being ONE happening ... ONE action. It covers an act which began in the past and continues on into the present and the speaker may accentuate the fact or may wish not only to state the fact but also put emphasis on its ongoing , active nature. Thus ... I have worked here for three years ( statement of fact ) or I have been working here for three years ( statement of fact plus still ongoing ) .... Translating this sentence into French we would write , " Je travaille ici depuis trois ans". The word "travaille" is in the present indicative tense ... and does not express any past occurence. The past ... "trois ans" or "three years" is rendered by the preposition " depuis " ( for , since ) and is in no way included in the verb. The past present is particular to the English language ...... and mastery of this tense is essential for all those laying claim to advanced knowledge of the language.
Time is of the Essence !
Whether time is fleeting , fleeing , being wasted , killed or standing still or marches on .... time and tide wait for no man ,,,,,, time out ! all in due time .... time's up ..... time's run out ........ then into overtime ..... doing time .... the untimely demise of a two-timing timekeeper ..... time after time .... suppertime .... in the meantime .... in the course of time ... no matter how thin you slice it , it\s still "time" ! .... and we don't really have a great amount of it when compared to "eternity "! As a matter of fact , there is no time in eternity at all !
Up until now I have neither mentioned God nor divine design in this soul searching journey of mine ... however, I am a firm believer in both ! I believe that when God created the potentiality of the world we know and live in and set the whole shebang in motion .... that time began at that precise moment. I equate God to eternity ... that is both having neither beginning nor end. Time , on the other hand , shall come to a grinding halt sometime down the road ...... ceasing to exist because of its own innate , finite essence ! Time exists only because the universe exists ! Beyond the universe there is only eternity ..... a timeless "somewhere" .....no movement , no motion , no linearity , no duration ..... simply and hopefully a blissful state of peace and rest. Amen !
From Eternity to Eternity !
We common mortals deal constantly in beginnings and ends……. days , weeks , months , seasons , years , baseball games , races , leases , relationships ,school semesters , snowstorms , TV programmes , trips , love – making , etc………. and , of course , the big one….. life itself !! Philosophically and religiously we refer to the aftermath of death as eternity…….. pay back time for all should our belief system teach such dogma……..either eternal punishment for the wicked or everlasting bliss for the good !! Now as far as I am concerned eternity is nothing else than endless or interminable duration …. the length of which is totally unfathomable for our limited minds ……. mainly because eternity has no lengths ….. or rather IS one long length of "foreverness" , "neverendingness"…….infinite in its very essence !! It is seemingly a continuum with neither beginning nor end !!…. a continuum without intermission !! When I was born I was drawn from eternity into parallel time that we call "life" with all its joys and sufferings ……….. and when I die , much like the space shuttle which drops its booster rockets , I shall slough off " this mortal coil" ( Shakespeare's Hamlet meaning flesh , blood and bones ) and soar back into eternity where I belong. Folks always told the story about the atheist all dressed up in his coffin but nowhere to go. To my way of thinking he's surely going somewhere …… whether he likes it or not…….. eternity !!!…….infinite duration…… total oblivion ....….and I guess that's about as far as our linguistic and mental ability will allow us to go ….????
The big problem I have with the above rant is that I am using words such as time , duration , etc to describe and fathom the notion of eternity which , to my way of thinking , is not amenable to analysis using time-oriented terminology ..... yet , it's all we have !!..... or is it ?


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Yahoo! In Hot Pickle
by Mrinalini Kochupillai March 17, 2007
Yahoo! has been in the midst of a spicy controversy since it launched its Malayalam portal last month. A number of bloggers from Kerala, lead by Ms. Surya Gayathri attacked Yahoo for allegedly plagiarizing content from their blogs. Ms. Surya Gayathri, who had posted her recipe for Erunellika (Gooseberry pickle) on her blog (Kariveppilla – see image) was shocked to find her recipes copied verbatim on the Yahoo portal (For a translation of recipes on the Yahoo site and on Ms. Surya Gayathri's site, click here).
Yahoo's initial response constituted a shifting of blame to Webdunia.com, who, Yahoo claimed, provided the content "on the express representation that they are duly authorized by the author of the story to publish it." The reactions to this response ranged from clearly outraged to downright humorous. (See for example the cartoons "Yahoo Subcontracts Plagiarism"). However, Yahoo did immediately remove the controversial content from its website. Webdunia, on the other hand, through the chief editor of Weblokam (a portal run by Webdunia) made an unconditional apology for what it claimed to be an "innocent and inadvertent" lapse.
After weeks of angry emails and calls in a variety of languages, and an official bloggers protest on March 5 (which was declared by the bloggers as the "Remove Plagiarism Day", Yahoo has now come out with a more concrete "apology" (which is considered by some to not amount to a direct apology to Ms. Surya Gayathri) stating that "Yahoo respects the blogging community and the etiquette followed. We regret inconvenience caused by the inadvertent posting of the recipe without attribution. Our regional content provider webdunia should have checked out the legal right for the reproduction of the content. We see it as a serious matter and have removed the content from our site. We as a company respect the values of the blogger community." (As Quoted in the Times of India article available here).
Going through the numerous comments made by interested and disinterested parties to this controversy, I started wondering about the underlying legal issues that could be raised if the matter were to go to court. The most obvious issue is whether a recipe is copyrightable. Sub issues (depending on the jurisdiction in which the case is brought) may include whether there is a minimum amount of originality or creativity that make the recipes copyrightable (the Fiest standard), whether a recipe can be considered an "expression" at all (see the very interesting article by Christopher J. Buccafusco titled "On the Legal Consequences of Sauces: Should Thomas Keller's Recipes be per se Copyrightable?" published this year by the Cardozo Arts and Entertainment Law Journal (24 Cardozo Arts & Ent. L.J. 1121) and whether or not Yahoo can seek cover under the creative commons license – the license that allegedly covers many of the blogs and blog contents in issue (To view one version of the Creative Commons license – i.e. the Attribution 2.5 license click here.)
In the US, the relevant law relating to copyrightability of recipes is 17 USC § 102(a), § 102(b) (which excludes certain subject matter from copyright protection), US Copyright Office Fact Letter 122 (which excludes mere listings of ingredients as in recipes from copyright protection unless the same a accompanies by substantial literary expression) and 37 CFR §202.1. Recent US cases interpreting the above law have denied copyright protection to recipes per se (other than recipes in "cookbooks in which the authors lace their directions for producing dishes with musings about the spiritual nature of cooking or reminiscences they associate with the wafting odors of certain dishes in various stages of preparation." – (See Publications Intl. v. Meredith Corp. 88 F.3d 473)
In India however, there is no law similar to the US law that prohibits copyright protection from being granted to recipes. In Govindan v Gopalakrishna (1955 – case relating to compilation) (quoted in Burlington – discussed below), it was held that even if the amount of originality in a compilation is very small, the same is protected by law and no one can appropriate the result of another's brain, skill or labour even in such works. Arguably, if a small creative input in a compilation is copyrightable, a recipe, particularly original instructions in a recipe will certainly be copyrightable in India.
The more recent cases of Burlington and SCC Online, seem to be discordant as to the standard to be applied in determining copyrightability of a database. In Burlington, the court appeared to endorse a "sweat of the brow" type doctrine while in SCC, it followed the Fiest logic of minimum creativity (See comment). While a recipe is not, strictly speaking, a database, the "ingredients" portion of a recipe may be considered akin to a database in that it is a list of items. However, no matter which standard we apply, recipes will in all likelihood be found to be copyrightable in India. In Fiest, the court held: "Facts, whether alone or as part of a compilation, are not original and therefore may not be copyrighted. A factual compilation is eligible for copyright if it features an original selection or arrangement of facts, but the copyright is limited to the particular selection or arrangement. In no event may copyrights extend to the facts themselves."
A recipe, especially an original recipe, does "feature an original selection or arrangement of facts" and may therefore merit copyright protection even under the Feist rationale. There is certainly a more than just a minimum level of creativity involved in determining which items are to be used, and in what quantity. Indeed, there is a clearly high degree of creativity involved in determining which ingredients to mix with which and in which order, to get that perfect result! The description of the "method" also involves a great deal of creativity – a glance at the comments of users of the plethora of recipes available online clearly demonstrates that some recipes are easier to follow than others and give better results than others (for the same dish) simply because the method is explained in a lucid and precise manner.
Further, from the facts as they have unraveled during the course of this controversy, it is clear that what Yahoo did was what qualifies as a "slavish copying" that is a clear copyright violation.
Whether or not the recipes in questions are copyrightable under the relevant IP laws may well be a secondary issue in the present Yahoo! controversy. The primary issue here is one of corporate ethics. Even under the various creative commons licenses, which often cover the content within the blogs, while the copying of the content may be permissible (depending on the type of license), attribution of the source is mandated. A simple attribution of the various blogs from which the content was "plagiarized" may in fact have been adequate to avoid the entire controversy altogether!
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Aarathi March 21, 2007 at 5:25 am
I always thought of the distinction as being the difference between a listing of ingredients and instructions and Pablo Neruda's 'Ode to Conger Chowder' 🙂
Mrinalini Kochupillai April 1, 2007 at 11:30 pm
Hi Aarthi… Thanks for the comment – You are right – Pablo Neruda's 'Ode to Conger Chowder' is clearly copyrightable as more than a mere recipe – it is what I would like to call a "poetic rendition of a recipe" which clealry has way more than a "minimum degree of creativity." I am sure courts will have no difficulty in finding the Ode copyrightable. In the Yahoo controversy, the recipes in question were "simple" recipes and a probable argument in the unlikely event of a court action would be that recipes per se are not copyrightable (absent proof of a minimum threshold of creativity, indeed such as is seen in Pablo Neruda's Ode to Conger Chowder). The answer to this argument will probably be that in India, given the state of current case law, both the list of ingredients as well as the instructions would be copyrightable – as was discussed in the original posting.


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Home » Fellows Program > Fellows Directory » 2015-16 » Shiran Vaknin
Shiran Vaknin
Shiran interned in the Finance and Development Department at the Israel Tax Authority.
Prior to joining the Milken Fellows Program, Vaknin worked as a lecturer and teacher assistant in economics at the Ben-Gurion University, The College of Management and Ashkelon Academic College.
During her studies, Vaknin researched the sovereign debt market. The research included collecting data, econometric analysis and paper writing. Her thesis was an empirical examination of the sovereign debt credit ratings over twenty three years.
Vaknin was an active member of the Ben-Gurion University Student Association and served a year as the Chairman of the Finance Committee. As chairman, she was responsible for the organization's budget, investments and financial decisions. Vaknin is a member of the Jewish Leadership Program at Generations of Israel, where she takes part in delegations to Jewish communities in the Diaspora. Vaknin was also a Leadership Coordinator at ISEF Foundation. ISEF is a Zionist social organization, which works to promote equality of opportunity in education and the reduction of gaps in Israeli society
In the military, Vaknin served as Human Research Officer at Adjutant Corps at the border with Egypt. Today, she serves in the reserves. In 2012, she won award for outstanding reserve officer.
Vaknin holds a B.A. summa cum laude in economics and management from the Open University of Israel. Most of the courses of her B.A. were taken during high school. Shiran also holds an M.A. in economics from the Ben-Gurion University.
Currenlty working as a teaching assistant and as a researcher at Kohelet.
Photo: Chen Leopold
Tax Incentives for Impact Investment
Nathan Hemmendinger
Sharon (Sheri) Asif


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Theme Tours
Popular Theme Tours in San Lorenzo de El Escorial
From Madrid: El Escorial, Valley of the Fallen, & City Tour
Our most recommended San Lorenzo de El Escorial Theme Tours
1. From Madrid: El Escorial, Valley of the Fallen, & City Tour
See the largest Renaissance building in the world at the El Escorial monastery on this tour in Madrid. Go to where the dictator Francisco Franco was once buried at the Valley of the Fallen. Take a drive to the key key sights in Madrid with a local guide. Be picked up from your hotel in Madrid by your driver. Relax on the trip to the El Escorial monastery that was built by King Philip II. Explore this massive complex that is a monastery, hospital, royal palace, pantheon, library, university, museum, and basilica. Next, continue to the Valley of the Fallen that is a catholic basilica and a monument where national figures have been laid to rest. Take a look at the artwork at this site where 40,000 people have been buried. Listen to your guide tell you about the Spanish Civil war. Ride through Madrid and see the top sights before heading back to your accommodation.
Top Attractions in San Lorenzo de El Escorial
1 El Escorial
2 Valle de los Caidos
Things to Do in San Lorenzo de El Escorial
1 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Churches & Cathedrals
2 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Castle & Palace Tours
3 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Day Trips
4 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Tours
5 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Walking Tours
6 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Activities
7 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Madrid to Toledo
8 San Lorenzo de El Escorial Theme Tours
Other Sightseeing Options in San Lorenzo de El Escorial
Want to discover all there is to do in San Lorenzo de El Escorial? Click here for a full list.


Do decorate your bathroom? If you are planning to do that, here are some tips from our friend Kathleen from After the Build. For sure, you will find this helpful!
More often than not a bathroom looks better off without much stuff. If you want to remodel your bathroom, it is probably a good idea to stop and think whether you need to make lots of changes or stick with a simple design to transform the interior. The truth is, you can do more with less in your bathroom, though you may not realize it.
Applying a few changes to your bathroom interior can make all the difference between a cramped bathroom and a minimalist one. There are several things you can do to remodel your bathroom the inexpensive way, while keeping the interior beautiful. Check out some tips and advice which we have provided in this article.
In order to create that simple and clear look of your bathroom, you should paint the walls of your bathroom white. It not only makes the room appear larger, but also cleaner and tidier. You can choose other colors as well, as long as they are not too bright or bold. But since you are trying to create a minimalist design, you need to stick to one color. White is one of the most common colors when it comes to bathrooms. One of its advantages is that it can make a room feel bigger. Whereas dark colors create the feeling of an overcrowded place. However, if you want, you can use gray, beige, purple and brown.
Nothing will give a more luxurious look to your bathroom than white towels. If you want to get a minimalist bathroom, you need to use white towels. If you don't have white towels, you had better display no towels at all.
To make the look of your bathroom more minimalist, make sure to use an acrylic or glass door instead of a shower curtain. The former will create a more minimalist look of your bathroom. In case using a glass door is not an option for you, you will have to make do with the shower curtain. Just make sure it is white and as simple as possible.
If you want to remodel your bathroom, it might be better to start with replacing the furnishings. This may sound like an expensive solution, but it doesn't have to be. There are lots of furniture pieces on the cheap. Choose a simple design from a home improvement store. Plus, as you aim to achieve a minimalist look, you will only need a few furnishings (think cabinets, sink, toilet and shelving).
One thing you need to understand about minimalist bathrooms is that all surfaces should be clear. Your items should have a designated place. Keep them where they belong, preferably hidden in a drawer or cabinet.
If you want to create a minimalist bathroom, especially if the place is small, you ought to steer clear of displaying too many items on the shelves. Hide most of the stuff behind cabinet doors and leave only the essentials, such as towels, toothbrushes, soap.
If there are lots of stuff in your bathroom, you may start to feel closed-in and trapped. Make sure you clean up your stuff during your bathroom remodel to prevent the room from getting overcrowded. Not only will it improve the look of your bathroom, but also provide more space and make you feel much better.
Finish off by accessorizing with one accent piece of your choosing. The options are numerous. For example, a glass bowl full of pebbles, flower vase, candle, etc.
Get a minimalist bathroom look right away by following these simple steps and be sure to use handyman services.
I love beautiful bathrooms. I hope I can have a bathroom that is as stylish and easy to maintain.


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Palencia, Spain - attractions, pictures
Palencia - a city with a population of less than 100 thousand people, the center of the province of the same name, is 250 km. from Madrid.
In the center of medieval Palencia was the Dominican monastery of the Mercy of the Lord, founded directly by Saint Dominique Gusman himself, at the beginning of the 13th century. The monastery is still operational, but most of the surviving buildings were built much later - in the XV-XVII century.
Monastery of the Mercy of the Lord
Convento de la Piedad (XV-XVII century)
The main church of the monastery, in its present form, appeared about the same time, and the Baroque facade was built even later - in the XVIII century.
Church of St. Paul
Iglesia de San Pablo (XV-XVIII century)
Iglesia de San Pablo (XIV-XVIII century)
Inside, everything is pretty ascetic.
Iglesia de San Pablo (XIV-XVI century)
This same monastery belongs to another church - St. Marina. The façade is practically the twin of the previous one.
Church of St. Marina
Iglesia de Santa Marina (XV-XVIII century)
A distinctive feature of the large Castilian medieval city is the large number of monasteries. Here in Palencia there are several more. Moreover, not all of these buildings are used for their intended purpose - roughly speaking, there are not enough monks, despite all the religiosity of the Spaniards. One can imagine how great the role of the church was in the life of the Castilians - after all, with a much smaller population than now, all these monasteries were filled.
And now, for example, the former building of the Augustinian monastery is occupied by the city administration.
Augustinian Monastery
Convento Agustinas Canonigas (XVII century)
From the Franciscan monastery there were only two churches. The rest of the monastery buildings fell victim to wars and fires, and the last building was demolished in early 20th century.
It is interesting that now it is the possession of the Jesuits, who, after being expelled from Spain, and then returning, their own church did not get back, but achieved patronage over the former possessions of the Franciscans. The former, because by the end of the XVIII century the monastery became inoperative and its buildings (except for churches, of course) were used for military and economic needs.
Church of St. Francis
Iglesia de San Francisco (XIII-XIV century)
Church of St. Francis is interesting non-standard facade and covered gallery, which partially covers this facade.
The small church of Soledad (I do not know how it should sound in this case - the Church of Loneliness?) generally does not look very much like a church, although for Solitude it can be just normal. :) A simple rectangular structure. The dome is somewhere in the distance, rests against the neighboring building.
Church of Soledad
Iglesia de la Soledad (XVII-XVIII century)
From the claret church there is also only a church left and also quite unusual.
Church of the monastery of St. Clara
Monasterio de las Claras (XV century)
Church of St. Lazarus is not a monastery, but also, at one time, belonged to one of the monastic orders, and one that I have never heard of before - Hospitalites (not to be confused with Hospitallers.) Similar names are explained by the same statutory tasks - nursing patients. It is a national Spanish order, founded rather late, in 1537 and existing until now.
The oldest part of the church is the bell tower and the hall beneath it. The central part was restored in the XX century. after a fire.
Church of St. Lazarus
Iglesia de San Lazaro (XIV-XV century)
Church of St. John the Baptist is a perfect example of a Romanesque church, strict and proportional. It's a pity, the current building is not entirely authentic. Moreover, it is not the Palencia church at all - it was moved through a brick from the area flooded during the construction of the Aguilar reservoir in 1963.
Church of St. John
Iglesia de San Juan Bautista (XI century)
Church of St. Michael in Palencia stands out as a tower, similar to the serf, and the territorial sweep - the main building from all sides surround the buildings of different times. Style is transitive from Romanesque to Gothic. Very beautiful wooden carved altar.
Church of St. Michael
Iglesia de San Miquel (XII-XIII century)
The Church of Our Lady of the Street used to belong to the Jesuits. This is clear in appearance, and by the second name - the Church of the Society - Iglesia de la Compania (i.e. the Society of Jesus - the official name of the Order of the Jesuits). After the expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain in 1767, the church became a parish.
Since I, in the articles on Span, so often mention this exile, it probably makes sense to tell a little more. Actually expulsion, not only from Spain, but from all countries of Catholic Europe and their colonies, preceded the breach (1773) of the Pope Clement XIV on the dissolution of the Society of Jesus. The reason for this was not some theological disagreement, but the intervention of the Jesuits in state affairs and just political intrigues, the purpose of which was the prosperity of the Order alone, not of the State and Church (who read "Ten Years Later" by Alexander Dumas understands what it means). The Pope had no particular desire to destroy the Order, but Clement was a protégé of the Bourbons, thanks to whose support he was elected - had to work out. Exile did not continue long - in 28 years (1801), Pius VII lifted the ban.
The Jesuits returned, but they did not always return the confiscated property. So this church did not return too.
Parroquia Nuestra Senora de la Calle (XV century)
Of the surviving civil structures, Plaza Mayor I mention only because every self-respecting Spanish city should have its Plaza Mayor :) In fact, the most interesting thing is that there are strange trees.
Plaza Mayor (XVIII century)
Near the main square is the main street, which, in terms of architecture, is more interesting.
Calle Mayor
In addition to Main Square and Main Street, there is also the Main Bridge. Why he is the main, it is not very clear, it would be more logical to consider such an older one - Puentesillas. Well, perhaps, the Main is wider, due to the reconstruction of the XIX century.
Main Bridge
Puente Mayor (XVI-XIX century)
Puetnesillas ("Bridges" in Old Spanish) was built in the XI century on the basis of the Roman bridge and reconstructed in the XVI century, when the remains of the Roman building were finally destroyed.
Puentecillas (XI-XVI century)
One of the oldest houses in Palencia - the house of the cord got its name from the original decoration above the door. Previously, there was an inn, now - an archaeological museum.
House of the cord
Casa del Cordon (XVI century)
Finally, the main attraction of Palencia is the cathedral of St. Antonin.
Formally, the current cathedral was built in the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries, but, as is often the case, and before the construction began, the place was not empty, and afterwards various kinds of work were done that partially changed the face of the church.
The temple here was still in pagan times, then in its place was built (or, most likely, redone from the existing building) the Christian church. How it looked is unknown, because they have nothing left.
From the next church, dating from the 7th century, the crypt was preserved.
Cathedral of St. Antonin
Crypt (VII century)
В начале XII в., когда Palencia уже долгое время являлась центром епархии, был построен новый храм в романском стиле, от которого сейчас остались только несколько предметов внутреннего интерьера. Ему на смену пришёл уже нынешний собор.
Собор большой, есть даже собственный клуатр. Впечатляют главный алтарь и коллекция средневековых гобеленов. И крипта, конечно.
Santa Iglesia Catedral de San Antolin (XIV-XVI century)
Palencia is so deprived of the attention of tourists that even in the cathedral leaflets are distributed only in Spanish. Although, it would seem, it is not too long to travel from the capital (on the train about two hours) and the city is not small - there are enough sights. Not that the crowd did not have enough, it's just weird. I liked Palencia.
Tourist map of the sights of Palencia


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Former Trump Adviser Paul Manafort Was Wiretapped By FBI
by Kristina Cox
in World Media
— Sep 20, 2017
"Nothing found. This is McCarthyism!"
Back in March Donald Trump was widely derided for tweeting that President Barack Obama "had my "wires tapped" in Trump Tower just before the victory".
Trump has since stopped discussing wiretapping, but CNN's report could renew the Republican's interest in the topic. And it continued until early this year, after Trump was in the White House.
Three sources said the government obtained evidence Manafort "had encouraged the Russians to help with the campaign", though two of them told CNN it was not conclusive.
The surveillance was ended at some point past year because of a lack of evidence, one source told CNN, but investigators obtained another warrant at some point during the presidential campaign. In the raid of Manafort's home, agents sought evidence that he had set up offshore bank accounts, the Times reported.
Manafort has a home in Alexandria, Virginia, and in Trump Tower. And if Mr Trump spoke with Manafort, then it's entirely possible those conversations could have been recorded. Instead, buoyed by the Breitbart nonsense, they're pushing the laughable claim that this news vindicates their president.
Ruthless Manchester City Remind Pep Guardiola Of Vintage Barcelona
Guardiola said captain Vincent Kompany is back in training following a calf injury but is unlikely to feature at Vicarage Road . A lot of it is down to Heurelho Gomes, the veteran Brazilian goalkeeper who has been a rock between the sticks for the Hornets.
The flurry of reports go to the biggest question of all: Was Manafort engaging or assisting a foreign country (Ukraine and/or Russia) in clandestine activities, and if so, what did Trump know and when did he know it?
While the exact timeline is unconfirmed, a source told CNN the Federal Bureau of Investigation was not listening in June 2016, when Manafort joined a meeting at Trump Tower organized by Donald Trump, Jr., with an intriguing ensemble of characters, including a Kremlin-connected lawyer promising dirt on Hillary Clinton.
CNN, citing anonymous sources, reported the same day that investigators had a secret order to wiretap Manafort both before and after the 2016 US presidential election.
The report confirmed that all the information obtained from the newly discovered FISA warrant was shared with Mueller's team. It adds, however, that the Federal Bureau of Investigation restarted its surveillance after obtaining a new FISA warrant, which extended into early 2017. Mr Manafort is said to be facing an indictment. This warrant was concluded, likely prior to Manafort taking his role as campaign chairman, after investigators were unable to find any major evidence of a crime.
The findings of the surveillance have reportedly been passed along to special counsel Robert Mueller, who is leasing a probe into alleged collusion between Russian Federation and the Trump campaign. Manafort "managed" the effort, using Page and others as intermediaries, Steele wrote in a memo dated sometime in late July.
While under oath, Comey disavowed knowledge of surveillance of Trump and his team.
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South China Sea: Chinese warship almost 10/05/2018
When Will Hurricane Maria Hit St. Croix in the US Virgin Islands?
Hurricane Irma may have spared Puerto Rico from the brunt of its wrath, but Hurricane Maria is unlikely to do the same . Hurricane Jose is a Category 1 storm cruising up to the north and expected to come very close to the northeastern U.S.
Trump Wants A Grand Military Parade For The Fourth Of July
The US does not have a history of major military parades marching through its cities, except to celebrate wartime victories. He said he was impressed by the military parade in central Paris in July, when he was visiting the French capital.
MGM Plans Casino Facility in Bridgeport
The expected MGM's profit could reach $195.52M giving the stock 23.46 P/E in the case that $0.34 earnings per share is reported. The stock of Coca-Cola European Partners plc Ordinary Shares (NYSE:CCE) earned "Hold" rating by Susquehanna on Friday, May 5.
Troops kill 18 Burundian refugees in DR Congo
Congolese soldiers responded with gunfire when some refugees hurled stones, said refugee Aline Nduwarugira. The clashes broke out when refugees were opposed to repatriation to Burundi, Kasereka said.
Kevin Hart's alleged extortionist explains why she went after him
In the video, a man that appears to be Hart can be seen getting close with a woman in a sexually provocative manner. Now we will not be posting the video here on Comedy Hype, but it shouldn't be too hard to find on social media.
Three injured as stand collapses in Durham
Barthwaite (3/20) and Williams (3/35) wrapped up the tail with England slumping to 155 all out to lose the T20I by 21 runs.
Jose Mourinho Is Furious With Paul Pogba Over Hamstring Injury
Manchester United should won rather comfortably, and are likely to score the first goal of the game as well. Everton have struggled without him so far but Lukaku said he would be focused only on getting another win.
Cowboy Bebop director to helm Blade Runner anime short
The first short focused on Jared Leto's Jared Leto's villainous Niander Wallace while the latest is titled 2048: Nowhere to Run . He says in the sneak peek video that the film had a lasting effect on him and has greatly influenced his work over the years.
California Sanctuary State bill approved by State Assembly
It also prohibits law enforcement officials from being deputized as immigration agents or arresting people on civil immigration warrants.
Jennifer Garner cries over 'Hamilton' while delirious on anesthesia
Miranda lovingly shared the video , saying Garner had shared it with him past year and he couldn't believe she posted it online. From what we can gather, a song from the musical Hamilton was playing during her procedure which made her cry out of pure joy.
Perera helps World XI level series 1-1
The series is locked at 1-1 with Pakistan winning the first match by 20 runs while World XI won the second game by 7 wickets. Malik in particular was in stupendous form, smacking three sixes in a quickfire innings of 39 runs off just 23 deliveries.
Cassini probe to begin suicidal decent into Saturn's atmosphere
Cassini's final contact with Earth came at 7:55 am EDT (1155 GMT). "The spacecraft's final signal will be like an echo". Simply because there is no "follow spacecraft" there, to send back true images of Cassini as it makes its plunge .
Jose May Edge Up East Coast as Category 1 Over Weekend
Jose, once a powerful hurricane threatening already devastated Caribbean islands, downgraded to a tropical storm Thursday. The future path for Jose seems to change everyday, however it is now inching closer to the east coast of the U.S.
Watch SpaceX's greatest explosions: Elon Musk shares 'blooper reel'
In a 2005 interview, Musk said, " Failure is an option here", and, "If things are not failing, you are not innovating enough". Rocket reusability has now become SpaceX's specialty, at least for their Falcon 9's boost stage.
Baby No. 2 on way for Adam Levine, Behati Prinsloo
I love Adam , and when you get married and you fall in love with someone, you think that there's no greater love than that love. The gorgeous model has confirmed that she is pregnant again and their family of three will turn four next year.
Highlights from what he said about Kavanaugh (and everything else)9/29/2018
Adultery no longer a crime as Supreme Court strikes down Section 4979/28/2018
'I believed he was going to rape me,' Ford tells Senate panel9/28/2018
The Weird Rhythm Of The Christine Blasey Ford Hearing9/28/2018
New accuser says she witnessed sexual abuses by Brett Kavanaugh9/27/2018
Russia to boost Syrian air defence with S-300 system9/26/2018
European Union to SNUB Trump and continue trading with Tehran9/26/2018
Dallas police officer Amber Guyger fired after fatally shooting neighbor Botham Jean9/25/2018
Mark Judge's lawyer says Federal Bureau of Investigation interview completed10/03/2018
UB40 Want Nothing to Do With Brett Kavanaugh10/03/2018
Trump says he wants 'comprehensive' FBI investigation of Kavanaugh10/02/2018
Why Christine Blasey Ford says she came forward with Brett Kavanaugh allegations9/30/2018