text:
Sam Ballan (1911 – February 1, 1998), known by his pen name Sam Marcy, was an American lawyer, writer, and Marxist-Leninist activist of the post-World War II era. He co-founded the Workers World Party in 1959 and served as its chairperson until his death.

Biography
Marcy was born in the Russian Empire to Jewish parents. During the Russian Civil War, his family was a target of anti-Jewish pogroms by the White movement and received protection from the communist forces. They resettled in Brooklyn, where Marcy became an activist for the Communist Party USA. He studied law at St. Johns University and provided legal advice to labor unions in New York.

Marcy grew discontented as a member of the Communist Party, viewing the Third International as increasingly detached from working class interests and instead a mouthpiece for Joseph Stalin, whose oppressive bureaucracy he despised. He joined the Trotskyist movement in the 1940s, building a branch of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) in Buffalo. Yet he again became dissatisfied, finding the SWP uncommitted to revolutionary politics and instead oriented toward parliamentary reform. Marcy, Vince Copeland, and other SWP members developed a theory of "global class war", according to which Marxists had a duty to defend the existence of the USSR and its satellites in spite of their bureaucracy. The theory not only guided the formation of the Workers World Party but has more recently made inroads into academic Marxist debates in the U.S. Over several years Marcy clashed with the SWP leadership on several questions, including their approach to Communist China and North Korea, whether the SWP should endorse Henry A. Wallace, and the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. On the last question, Marcy's faction supported the Soviet military intervention, arguing that the initial worker uprising had attracted class elements that sought to restore capitalism.

In 1959 the "global class war" faction set up a new organization, the Workers World Party, characterized by outspoken defense of all Communist governments in the world. Marcy's writings included extensive works on socialism, the Cold War era and the rise of the powerful military-industrial complex. He also wrote about the civil rights struggles of the 1960s, the anti-war movement during the Vietnam War, the economic forces behind capitalist downsizing and the impact of high technology. Selections of his works have been translated into many languages, including Persian, Spanish, Turkish, Korean, French and German.

His writings show a strong support for Mao Zedong and the Chinese Cultural Revolution, and he defended the leadership of the People's Republic of China until the reforms of Deng Xiaoping. Marcy defended both China and the Soviet Union against charges of imperialism despite disagreeing with some policies and practices of the Communist Party leadership of both countries.

In addition to his writings, Marcy and Copeland were some of the organizers of the first demonstration in the United States against the Vietnam War. The demonstration, by WWP affiliate group Youth Against War and Fascism, occurred in August 1962 and was subsequently noted by Ho Chi Minh in an interview with the National Guardian newspaper. Marcy died at Cabrini Medical Center in Manhattan on February 1, 1998, at age 86.

References

External links
Selected works of Sam Marcy at the Workers World Party website
Biography by Deirdre Griswold at the Workers World Party website
"Sam Marcy, an apologist for bureaucracy" Obituary by Fred Mazelis on the World Socialist Web Site

1911 births
1998 deaths
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American writers
Activists from New York City
American Maoists
American Marxists
American anti–Vietnam War activists
American communists
American male writers
American political party founders
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
Jewish socialists
Lawyers from New York City
New York (state) socialists
New York (state) lawyers
Russian Jews
Soviet emigrants to the United States
St. John's University School of Law alumni
Workers World Party politicians
Writers from New York City


This song is by Wynn Stewart and appears on the album Western Strings (1965) by Ray Price and on the album For The Good Times (1970) by Ray Price.
Bing Crosby under the title "Crazy Arms"
Bobby Bare under the title "Crazy Arms"
Brandy Clark under the title "Crazy Arms"
Brennen Leigh under the title "Crazy Arms"
Chris Isaak under the title "Crazy Arms"
Chuck Berry under the title "Lonely All the Time (Crazy Arms)"
Conway Twitty under the title "Crazy Arms"
Country Joe McDonald under the title "Crazy Arms"
Del Reeves under the title "Crazy Arms"
Dottie West under the title "Crazy Arms"
The Million Dollar Quartet under the title "Crazy Arms"
Ernest Tubb under the title "Crazy Arms"
Glen Glenn under the title "Crazy Arms"
Goldie Hill under the title "Crazy Arms"
Hem under the title "Crazy Arms"
Jerry Lee Lewis under the title "Crazy Arms"
Leon Payne under the title "Crazy Arms"
Louis Armstrong under the title "Crazy Arms"
Linda Ronstadt under the title "Crazy Arms"
Mel Tillis under the title "Crazy Arms"
Mickey Gilley under the title "Crazy Arms"
Norma Jean under the title "Crazy Arms"
Patsy Cline under the title "Crazy Arms"
Patti Page under the title "Crazy Arms"
Patty Loveless under the title "Crazy Arms"
Ray Price under the title "Crazy Arms"
Tanya Tucker under the title "Crazy Arms"
The Flying Burrito Brothers under the title "Crazy Arms"
The Wilburn Brothers under the title "Crazy Arms"
Van Morrison and Linda Gail Lewis under the title "Crazy Arms"
Warner Mack under the title "Crazy Arms"
Waylon Jennings under the title "Crazy Arms"
Webb Pierce under the title "Crazy Arms"
Willie Nelson under the title "Crazy Arms"
One of the songwriters, Ralph Mooney, played pedal steel for Wynn Stewart. The Stewart recording of this song was made in 1954, predating all other known recordings, and was re-discovered on a '78 acetate record sold on eBay in March 2012.


Slightly annoying traffic - Play car games and more online strategy games at GamesOnly.com!
Traffic can be annoying, sometimes heavily and sometimes slightly. In this game you are slightly annoyed because the traffic is chaotic. Stop and start cars by controlling them to prevent accidents.


I'd would like to wish you all a very merry Christmas and a happy new year! Thank you for sticking with me for these last 8 months, it doesn't seem that long ago I was writing my very first blog post and yet I have learnt so much since then. Next year I will continue blogging as usual but with hopefully more exciting and creative content and hope to get you involved too. I want to make 2015 all about making this the best it can be with the help of all of you! So in the comments below tell me what you want to see from me. So, happy holidays and I will see you soon!


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Explore, Doctors, Locations, Lifestyle
North West Tasmania Location Report
QUINTESSENTIAL NORTH WEST TASMANIA
North West Tasmania is known for its rugged beauty, stunning coastlines and rich agricultural lands. There is a huge appeal now for people wanting to either visit or move permanently to this beautiful part of the world.
" Anyone wishing for some natural beauty combined with culture, history and artisanal food and wine produced locally, will love it!"
— Nicola Speer
Within the North West region of Tasmania, there are distinct areas that all deserve their own allocation of time to go and explore and enjoy. There is a good overview of each on this link tasmaniasnorthwest.com.au that will give you not only a sneak preview with its beautiful photographs, but also the right advice for getting there and what to see and do. From the township and close, friendly community of Burnie, to the harbours and beaches of Wynyard, to the thriving port-side city of Devonport, or the iconic walks and wildlife at Cradle Mountain, there is always something magical to do and see.
Discover North West Tasmania is another fantastic site to browse. They have stories and history as well as attractions and tips for planning to make sure you really maximise your time spent here.
With all the options, it's great to have good, informative guides to the North West region's attractions. Again, a great source is here at tasmaniasnorthwest.com.au
You can research and plan activities not only related the natural scenic adventure side that Tasmania is so famous for, but also ideas for arts and cultural activities, wellbeing and beauty, heritage and history, and not forgetting ideas on where to eat and drink.
Museums showcasing the layers of history that have built the North West region, as well as the rest of Tasmania provide relaxing places to wander and learn. Art galleries display the talent works of a great variety of local artists and markets pop up across the region with the food products and fresh produce from the local farmland and seas.
Wings Wildlife Park is an incredible place to see Australia's wildlife up close. Conservation and rescue is a great part of the park and it's absolutely a must for families visiting the region.
"Go where the world's still wild, in a region that's home to breathtaking scenery, unbelievable history, gourmet produce and the world's cleanest air. There's no end to the experiences on offer, and all of them are just a short trip away. No matter what you're looking for in Tasmania's North West, West Coast and on King Island, you're sure to find something that astounds, surprises and delights."
— tasmaniasnorthwest.com.au
How does it sound to pick cherries fresh from the tree, when in season, then eat a meal of cherry related pies, ice creams and other treats? You can do so here at the Cherry Shed.
For award winning fine dining, how about Pier 01 Restaurant? You will get the chance to taste some of Tasmania's best produce in this stylish environment.
If you're keen to sample the products from artisan producers of cheese, beer, wine and sprits, you can do so all in a day's pleasant drive around the towns, villages and countryside. Why not try the Seven Sheds Brewery, Meadery and Hop Garden?
How about a visit the Tasmanian Food and Wine Conservatory, a cafe and providore stocking 100% Tasmanian produce from the best growers and producers across the state?
The Hellyers Road Distillery is in Burnie, just a 30 minute drive from the Devonport Ferry Terminal and offers tastings, tours and sales of their famous whisky, distilled on site using Tasmania's crystal clear water.
Lastly, the Cradle to Coast Tasting Trail is a must for any food lovers:
The North West Region is a key gateway for the Spirit of Tasmania, which docks in the port of Devonport on arrival from Melbourne. A lovely way to arrive!
There are numerous flights into Launceston from Australian cities and a regional flight into Burnie too. Check some of the options and ideas here.
Once you're there, it's recommended to have a car. It is easy to arrange car hire if on holiday with airport pickups or city.
About Prescript Recruitment
For more information, a great place to start is www.prescript.com.au
You'll find information about our locum and permanent recruitment services for doctors, hospitals and practices. You'll also find links to our blogs, location reports and other resources.
1300 755 498 // contact@prescript.com.au
Tagged: Tasmania, Doctor
Newer PostRadiologist Permanent DWS Role - NW Tasmania
Older PostConsultant Neurologist – Tasmania

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Should You Invest in Dollar Stores?
A lot of retailers are struggling, seeing stagnating or declining sales and tightening margins. Furthermore, a lot of Americans are in poor financial shape, as many of them are increasingly taking lower paying jobs and seeing the prices of goods they need to purchase everyday rise.
Two groups of retailers, however, have been able to buck this trend — high-end retailers and low-end retailers. This is the case because the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer. While a lot of investors like the allure of high-end retailers, I think that these are generally very difficult companies to invest in because of the specific knowledge that one needs in order to find winners. For instance, why is Michael Kors (NYSE:KORS) doing so well? As investors, we can point to rising revenues and margins, store openings, promotions, and so on, but it is difficult to know why Michael Kors is performing well and why; for instance, Coach (NYSE:COH) is not. Furthermore, I don't know if Michael Kors will be able to continue its strong performance in the long run.
Low-end retailers are different. While it is a generally slower grower with lower profit margins and less Wall Street appeal, it is pretty obvious why somebody would shop at a low end retailer — he or she has to do so for financial reasons. Millionaires typically don't go to Dollar General (NYSE:DG) looking to save $0.30 on a box of cereal, but people who work minimum wage jobs do. Furthermore, I think I can venture a guess as to why a consumer chooses Dollar General over Family Dollar (NYSE:FDO) — it's closer/accessible.
Thus, there are two reasons why I think investors should consider low-end retailers over high-end retailers. The first is the simplicity in the logic I lay out above. It is much easier to comprehend why somebody shops at Dollar General than at Tiffany's (NYSE:TIF). Second, as a result, I can focus my analysis on determining discounted cash flow and growth estimates.
With that being the case, I think investors should consider buying shares in dollar stores. Currently, there are three large publicly traded dollar stores in the U. S. — Dollar General, Family Dollar, and Dollar Tree (NASDAQ:DLTR). Other than Family Dollar, the dollar stores have been growing revenues and profits steadily by about 10 percent to 15 percent per year over the past few years. Furthermore, Dollar General and Dollar Tree trade at just under 20-times earnings. Not only is this cheaper than the S&P 500, but it is cheaper than some other retailers that are not growing their profits such as Costco (NASDAQ:COST) and Home Depot (NYSE:HD). While Family Dollar's growth has slowed, and while its profit growth has turned negative in the most recent quarter, the market has appropriately discounted this stock so that it trades at 16-times earnings.
While I think that the broader stock market is likely going to correct soon, and while I suspect that we might see a recession in the next couple of years, dollar stores should be an excellent place to hide. When people have less money or when they are afraid of potentially having less money, they spend less, but they don't stop spending. Thus, I think that a lot of them will do more of their shopping at dollar stores. While these companies' stocks might fall in sympathy with the rest of the market, especially in a capitulation phase of a bear market during which people sell anything and everything, they could very well take market share and actually grow their sales and profits in a recession. For this reason, they can be purchased alongside other safe-haven assets such as Treasuries, gold, and short positions on more economically sensitive stocks.
While this argument is fairly sound, I should note a couple of risks. First, dollar stores have especially low margins. This means that even a slight operational misstep could lead to a sharp decline in profitability or even to a loss. Furthermore, this makes dollar stores acutely sensitive to rising energy prices. Therefore, investors who are interested in buying shares in dollar stores should also consider taking a small position in a low-beta, low risk energy stock such as Exxon Mobile (NYSE:XOM). Here I explain why Exxon Mobile is a good long-term, low-risk energy stock.
Second, as I said before, people don't go to dollar stores because they want to, they go because they have to. This means that when they don't have to they probably won't go, and when they do go they will likely spend as little money as necessary. This sounds good from an investment standpoint in a recession, but if we see an economic boom there is a good possibility that the growth we've seen in dollar stores will subside.
Disclosure: Ben is long Exxon Mobil.


Kevin and his crew stripped and replaced our roof during a spell of inclement weather. They only stripped what could be replaced that day, and while the job took a little longer than estimated, the workmanship was great. Definitely recommend this company.


The study of matter at extreme conditions has been of great importance for modern society. A correct understanding of materials and environments subject to high pressures and temperatures enabled the development of car and jet engines, manufacture of goods, energy production and space travels among other human milestones. Discoveries in magnetism, geology, chemistry, and crystallography have been reported in literature as well, illustrating relevant contributions of this research area. Science at extreme conditions constantly requires to innovate instruments and characterisation methods. Sophisticated proficiencies are needed to explore and reproduce conditions of interest for this field. Since the 1990s, high pressure instruments for neutron scattering have boosted the study of compressed matter. The design and subsequent improvement of the Paris-Edinburgh (PE) press and toroidal anvils successfully impacted this area, currently being the most extensively used instrument for high pressure neutron scattering, commonly used for pressures of the order of 10 GPa. Recent incorporation of toroidal anvils made of Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) has opened new experimental possibilities. Neutron transparency and mechanical resistance are key properties of this ceramic material. At this point it is essential to understand ZTA anvils design and working conditions in order to increase experimental capabilities and access new frontiers in compressed matter. Computer-based modelling technique Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been a recent ally for instrumentation design and optimisation. Phenomena such as mechanical stress, deformations, and thermal distributions can be modelled in an object, gathering information regarding its mechanical stability, behaviour and failure. Although this method is popular in industrial and engineering design and applications, it has not been widely employed in high pressure research due to scarce information in material properties under extreme conditions, as well as in innovative ceramics and metallic alloys introduced in these types of scientific devices.


"What performance are we going to see tonight?"
Yes, that is correct. This is the form Duolingo team missed for long specified time.
And still not accepted as of 18mar19!
What about using 会 here to express a future event of 'going to see'? For example 今天晚上我们会去...?


This forum is dedicated to Utah only local fishkeeping discussion. You can post announcements for local fishkeeping events here.
Where to get co2 canister filled in Salt Lake?
While in SLC today... this happened.
The "EXPO"... did anyone go?
Local Fish Store Anyone check out this pet store?
Local Fish Store Local LFS is shutting down.


All home purchasers are required to write MK Luxury Homes on the guest card as their Realtor on the very first visit to the home builders office.
MK Luxury Homes must be listed on your new sales contract as your Real Estate Broker.
Must have heard of the new home builder through Houston Home Connection's directories, websites or from MK Luxury Homes office or agents.
Rebates can take up to 30 days after move in date to process depending on how quickly the builder processes payment to MK Luxury Homes.
All rebate clients must complete the "BRAND NEW HOME REBATE REQUEST" in order to qualify. Rebate requests should be submitted as soon as you have selected your new home builder. You can call us for a confirmation number.
The New Home Builder must cooperate with real estate brokers.
Only one rebate will be processed per home.
Only one person can claim the rebate for the brand new home.
If you visited the home builder's sales office before working with MK Luxury Homes, you cannot qualify for the rebate.
Rebates will only be sent after MK Luxury Homes has been paid by the builder.
Houston Home Connection and/or MK Luxury Homes reserves the right to modify all rebates, policies, disclaimers, etc., at any time without notice. Rebates will only be honored if the purchaser has met all terms and disclaimers.


Your privacy settings can be amended in "settings". In the community you can be displayed as e.g. "John S." or completely anonymous only with your initials e.g. "J.S.". If you would like to be an active member of the community (so you can add friends, see your ranking) you will need to change that your name so that it is shown as "John S.". Additionally, you can choose in your settings if the finished Spots and Badges (awards) you have received are displayed in the StreetNews.


text:
Vancouver News | Local Breaking | CTV News Vancouver
The Coquihalla Highway is being reopened to regular traffic on Wednesday, but with fewer lanes and lower speed limits than usual in some areas.
B.C.'s top health officials will give a live COVID-19 update Tuesday, which is expected to include an update on restrictions.
Two people were taken to hospital in New Westminster Monday night after a large fight led to them being stabbed.
After months of complaints from parents, teachers and school boards in British Columbia, it appears a provincial public health order has been issued to somewhat address staff vaccines.
Doctor urges B.C. government to expand vaccine passport to liquor, cannabis stores
A Vancouver-based infectious disease expert believes B.C. should follow Quebec's lead and require customers at government-run liquor and cannabis stores to be vaccinated.
Someone died of COVID-19 every 3.3 hours over the weekend in B.C.
B.C. recorded another 22 deaths related to COVID-19 over the weekend, as the number of test-positive patients in hospital topped 800.
Betty White's 100th birthday brings out the generosity of British Columbians
Thousands of dollars (and counting) poured into B.C. animal shelters and rescue facilities Monday, on what would have been Betty White's 100th birthday.
Calls for B.C. to take action to help internationally-educated nurses get to work
With health-care workers sick and burnt out amidst the ongoing pandemic, B.C. is facing calls to do more to ensure internationally-educated nurses can join the workforce.
Driver crashes SUV into fast food restaurant in Surrey
Mounties in Surrey are investigating after a vehicle crashed into a Wendy's restaurant in Surrey's Cloverdale neighbourhood Monday morning.
Cannabis found in twice as many injured drivers since legalization: B.C. study
A new study out of the University of British Columbia suggests that cannabis is being detected in twice as many injured drivers since its 2018 legalization.
Man who made threats while holding meat cleaver at Vancouver women's centre arrested: police
Vancouver police say a man who made threats while holding a meat cleaver at a women's centre on the Downtown Eastside has been arrested.
The B.C. government has removed the expiration dates on COVID-19 orders limiting gathering sizes, banning indoor events and forcing gyms, bars and nightclubs to close – but it's unclear whether some of those restrictions could still be relaxed soon.
Updated Guidance on Restrictions Expected Today
B.C. school boards to report staff vaccinations
Businesses waiting for news on COVID restrictions
Should vaccine cards be required in liquor stores?
Calls to address health-care worker shortage
COVID hospitalizations surpass 800
SPCA donations surge in Betty White's memory
Inside CTV News Vancouver
Vaccine mandates may exacerbate school staff shortages, cautions BCSTA president
The president of the B.C. School Trustees Association says mandating that teachers get vaccinated against COVID-19 "may lead to staffing shortages in an already challenging time."
Nearly a year since she was reported missing, Trina Hunt's family waits for answers in her homicide case
This Tuesday, Jan. 18, will mark a year since Port Moody woman Trina Hunt was reported missing, sparking a massive community search. The case turned into a homicide investigation last May, and remains unsolved.
Driver blames Vancouver cop for 'hiding in the bushes' after being clocked at twice the speed limit
Sixty-two extra kilometres per hour is costing one dangerous driver $368, and one week without their Toyota Corolla.
Famous B.C.-based Martin Mars water bomber listed for $5 million
Selling a piece of aviation history is a lot like selling a house, according to the man auctioning B.C.'s famous Martin Mars water bomber.
CTV News investigation gets results for potential victim of Facebook fraud
A CTV News investigation into a Facebook page purporting to belong to the winner of the largest lotto prize ever awarded in British Columbia has led to the account being suspended, and connected a woman in need on the other side of the world with a generous Canadian who was actually willing to help.
Safety warning for portable space heaters
Portable space heaters can be great for warming up drafty rooms but if not handled properly they can be dangerous.
Beware of fake ads featuring celebrities
CTV News chief anchor Lisa LaFlamme is not happy that her name and likeness have been used to promote CBD products. The ads are fake, but so-called celebrity endorsements can fool consumers.
Using fake email addresses to protect your privacy
Companies have all kinds of ways to track you online and one of the methods they use is your email address. Here's how to block them from invading your privacy.
Investors and repeat buyers make up growing share of Canadian real estate market: study
B.C. saw a record number of new homes registered for construction in 2021, but data from the Bank of Canada suggests a significant share of them are likely to be purchased by investors.
Frenzy of real estate sales in 2021 means B.C. is starting the new year with lowest-ever number of active listings
Despite a full year of COVID-19 impacts, the number of homes sold in British Columbia broke a record, as did the sales dollar volume.
Time for an equity tax? Experts look for solutions to increasingly unaffordable housing
From the speculation and vacancy tax to the foreign buyers tax, B.C.'s current measures designed to improve housing affordability haven't managed to slow a market that's often considered a cash cow. Now, a West Coast think tank argues a surtax on equity may be part of the solution.
'My dreams were gone': Young refugee on fleeing Kabul
CTV Morning Live 5:30 a.m. CTV News at Noon 12 p.m. CTV News at Five 5 p.m. CTV News at Six 6 p.m. CTV News at 11:30 11:30 p.m.
BTS With CTV Vancouver
It was during the holiday break that something awful started happening to many of the thousands of crows that frequent Victoria Park in downtown Charlottetown.
Man arrested after 11 break-ins at UVic
Manitoba cabinet shuffle reframes health portfolio, brings back former Pallister cabinet member
Sask. reports 1,089 new COVID-19 cases, 11,781 active
'All hands on deck': TVDSB sorting 146,000 Rapid Test Kits to get them to students ASAP
Quebec man identified as victim in fatal Hwy. 11 crash


Painting Pepette is a fun way to introduce children to great Parisian artists.
Josette and her rabbit Pepette live in Paris and live in a house filled with fine art of her relatives, including her dog. But one day Josette noticed there was no painting of Pepette. So she went to Montmartre, where the best artists in Paris painted to find someone to paint Pepette. Several artists, like Picasso, Matisse and Dali, take a hand at painting Pepette. While the artists and many sidewalk critiques love the renderings, they are not right for Josette. When Matisse points out, "But through art we can see the world any way we want," Pepette knows exactly what to do. A fulfilling story with loose, color-filled illustrations and a study in what makes a Picasso, Matisse, or Dali painting theirs.
This entry was posted in Ages 4-8, Art/ Artist and tagged Claire Fletcher, Linda Ravin Lodding on September 8, 2016 by admin.


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192 F. 3d 772 - Robert W. Odem v. Frank X. Hopkins
Federal Reporter, Third Series
192 F.3d
192 F3d 772 Robert W. Odem v. Frank X. Hopkins
Robert W. Odem, Appellee,
Frank X. Hopkins, Warden, and Tom Miller, Attorney General, State of Iowa,Appellants.
No. 98-2794
United States Court of Appeals FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
Submitted: June 14, 1999
Filed: September 23, 1999
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa.
Before RICHARD S. ARNOLD and LOKEN, Circuit Judges, and BYRNE,1 District Judge.
BYRNE, District Judge.
The State of Iowa (appellant or State) appeals the district court's granting of habeas corpus relief to Robert W. Odem (appellee or Odem), ordering the State to retry or release him. Odem's petition for habeas corpus alleged that Odem's constitutional rights were violated by the State withholding exculpatory evidence and by ineffective assistance of counsel. We reverse the district court's finding that the State withheld exculpatory evidence and remand to the district court for consideration of the ineffective assistance of counsel issue.
Bill Smith and his wife Kimberly were murdered at their home the evening of December 26, 1980. The two eyewitnesses to that event were Bill Smith's children from a former marriage, Chad, age 8 and Steven, age 5, who testified that they saw a man wearing a red jacket and blue jeans come into the house. Chad at first told the police that there was some white cursive writing on the jacket with the letters "C," "R," "H," and "A," but at trial he testified that there was no lettering on the jacket. A few minutes after the boys saw the man enter the premises, they heard gunshots from their father's bedroom and in the morning they went to alert a neighbor. When the Iowa Department of Criminal Investigation (DCI) arrived, Bill and Kimberly Smith were found dead on the floor from two gunshot wounds each. The DCI found no evidence connecting Odem to the crime scene. Evidence at trial showed that on the night of the murders, Odem was wearing blue jeans and a red jacket with no writing, and that for most of the evening he had been bar hopping.
In early January 1981, at the DCI's request, Odem turned over a .22 caliber rifle that Odem's brother, Richard, owned. Odem stated that he had been in possession of the rifle since 1979 and from November to the last week of December 1980, the gun was in the back of his seldom locked car. After this period, Odem indicated that he took the gun inside his house and hung it on the wall. Ballistics tests conclusively proved that this was the weapon that killed Bill and Kimberly Smith.
Odem was convicted of murder in the first degree. He received a sentence of life without the possibility of parole. Odem appealed his conviction and the Iowa Supreme Court affirmed. Odem subsequently filed two actions for postconviction relief in the Iowa state courts in 1984 and 1987, both of which were denied.
In 1992, Odem filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus in federal district court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 2254. The primary basis for the petition was that Odem. claimed that the State had not disclosed to Odem's trial counsel that it was in possession of a red jacket with writing on the back that belonged to Odem's brother, inside of which the State had found a hair sample matching victim Kimberly Smith's hair. Odem claimed that this constituted an unlawful withholding of exculpatory evidence in violation of Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963). The district court agreed and granted Odem relief on that basis. While on appeal, the State moved to have the record expanded in light of new evidence that showed that the information concerning the jacket had been disclosed to Odem's counsel prior to his trial, and the counsel had acknowledged its receipt. We granted the motion, and on remand with the expanded record, the district court found that the information had been disclosed to the defense in too piecemeal a manner which still amounted to a Brady violation. The district court did not consider Odem's ineffective assistance of counsel claim. The State appeals this ruling.
We review the legal determinations of the district court in a habeas corpus case de novo. See Mallett v. Bowersox, 160 F.3d 456, 459 (8 th Cir. 1998). Findings of fact by the district court relevant to its decision are reviewed for clear error. See Sloan v. Delo, 54 F.3d 1371, 1383 (8 th Cir. 1995). However, state court determinations on the materiality of evidence are a mixed question of law and fact that are reviewed de novo. See Reese v. Delo, 94 F.3d 1177, 1183 (8 th Cir. 1996). In a habeas case, the central question is whether the conviction and sentence are consistent with the dictates of the Constitution. See Smith v. Armontrout, 888 F.2d 530, 539 (8 th Cir. 1989). Only those constitutional errors that have a substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining a jury's verdict warrant relief under a 28 U.S.C. 2254 petition. See Brecht v. Abrahamson, 507 U.S. 619, 637 (1993).
A. Procedural Bar
Before a federal court can entertain a claim in a habeas petition, that same claim has to have been raised in the prior state court proceedings or it must be dismissed for failure to exhaust available state court remedies. See Keithly v. Hopkins, 43 F.3d 1216, 1218 (8 th Cir. 1995). The exhaustion requirement is satisfied if the prisoner gave the state courts a "fair opportunity" to apply controlling legal principles to the facts that are relevant to his constitutional claim. See Picard v. Connor, 404 U.S. 270, 276-77 (1971). Thus, in addition to the recitation of all the facts necessary for the state court's evaluation of the federal claim, the petitioner has to "fairly present" the "substance" of his federal claim. See Anderson v. Harless, 459 U.S. 4, 6 (1982).
Appellant contends that Odem did not raise any Brady claim before the state courts and therefore he has not exhausted his state court remedies. In particular, the State argues that because Odem did not mention Brady in his state appellate briefs, and his only argument concerning exculpatory evidence was in the context of his ineffective assistance of counsel claim, the withholding of exculpatory evidence claim is now procedurally barred.
Even though the issue of the State's turning over of exculpatory evidence is contained solely within an argument pertaining to ineffective assistance of counsel, it is clear that Odem raised both the facts and the legal argument pertaining to his Brady violation before the state court.2 There is no ambiguity. that the withheld evidence to which Odem refers to is the DCI report concerning Richard Odem's jacket. Equally unambiguous, is his claim that this withholding was material to the outcome of the case.
The State's contention that Odem's failure to cite Brady is dispositive in making this issue procedurally barred for failure to exhaust state courts remedies is incorrect. All Odem was required to do was to fairly apprize the state court of the facts and the "substance" of his federal claim. See Anderson v. Harless, 459 U.S. 4, 6 (1982). The fact that Odem did not specifically mention Brady itself is immaterial because all the cases he cites to in footnote 2 are cases that involve withholding of exculpatory evidence claims and do not deal with ineffective assistance of counsel issues. An exact duplicate of Odem's state court argument is not required for exhaustion, but what Odem had to do was to give a recitation that would give the state court a "fair opportunity" to apply the relevant controlling legal principles. See Picard, 404 U.S. at 276-77. This Odem has done even though his briefs before the state court were not a model of clarity. Therefore his Brady violation claim is properly before this Court.
B. Withholding of Exculpatory Evidence
"[S]uppression by the prosecution of evidence favorable to an accused . . . violates due process where the evidence is material either to guilt or to punishment, irrespective of the good faith or bad faith of the prosecution." Brady, 373 U.S. at 87. The disclosure has to be made whether the defense requests the evidence or not. See United States v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667, 682 (1985).
As a threshold matter, Odem argues that this Court should not consider the disclosure of the DCI report because the State only brought it into the record after the district court had already ruled on Odem's habeas petition. This argument is without merit because the State sought, and this Court granted, the right to expand the record to include the DCI report. Therefore, the DCI report is part of the record and is properly before this Court for review.
The evidence at issue consists of a red nylon jacket with the words "U Need A Car Wash" written on the back in black letters. Inside the jacket, the investigators found a hair that matched that of the victim Kimberly Smith. The jacket belonged to Odem's brother Richard. In a report dated February 27, 1981, the DCI summarized the analysis of this evidence as follows:
BD The red nylon jacket (Item BD) was examined for the presence of blood splatters or stains and none were detected. Several hairs were recovered from the inside of the jacket.
BD vs Z&AJ A light colored head hair recovered from the insides of the red jacket (Item BD) was compared with the known head hair from KIMBERLY SMITH (Item AJ). Similarities were noted between the jacket (Item BD) and the known hair from KIMBERLY SMITH (Item AJ) in color diameter, length and microscopic characteristics. Based on this comparison, it is the opinion of this examiner that the hair from the red jacket (Item BD) may have originated from the same sources as the known hair (Item AJ). It should be noted that hairs lack sufficient characteristics to affect a positive identification.
The known hair from WILLIAM SMITH (Item Z) was determined to be dissimilar to the hair recovered from the red jacket. (Item BD).
Joint Appendix at 178. A second page of this DCI report references Exhibit BD as "One (1) red 'Aristo Jac' Jacket with lettering 'U NEED A CAR WASH.'" Id.
Odem's counsel's billing records indicate that he received and reviewed a copy of the DCI report before trial on April 6, 1981. Six weeks later, on May 19, 1981, the State sent Odem's counsel a 12-page letter (the letter) explaining a variety of potentially exculpatory evidence. On page 11 of this letter, the State indicated that it had seized Richard Odem's red jacket with "You Need a Car Wash" printed in black letters on the back. However, the letter did not mention that hairs that matched those belonging to victim Kimberly Smith were found inside the jacket.
The issue is therefore whether the two disclosures given six weeks apart were sufficient to comply with the dictates of Brady. We conclude that they were. Viewed as a whole, this evidence has four relevant elements: (1) it was a red jacket; (2) the jacket had writing on the back; (3) the jacket contained a head hair that matched that of one of the victims; and (4) the jacket belonged to Odem's brother Richard. When comparing the DCI report to the letter it is sufficiently clear that these two documents are referring to the same red jacket. Both documents mention the same coloring of the jacket, and more importantly, both documents describe the jacket as bearing the phrase "You (or "U") Need A Car Wash" on the back. Therefore, once Odem's counsel received the letter, he was in possession of all the possible exculpatory information pertaining to Richard Odem's red jacket.
Brady imposes no obligation on the State to reveal the exculpatory nature of the evidence being turned over but only requires complete disclosure to the defense. Brady and its progeny do not require the State to connect the two disclosures especially in circumstances such as those present here, where the connection is readily apparent. To rule otherwise would impose a duty on the prosecution to do the defense's work, and broaden Brady beyond its dictate of disclosure to include a requirement as to the manner of the disclosure.
The State complied with Brady by fully turning over to Odem's counsel prior to trial all the exculpatory documentation. Because we rule that no Brady violation took place, we need not reach the materiality issue.
C. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
To establish a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel the defendant has to show (1) that counsel's actions were outside the wide range of professionally competent assistance, and (2) that this deficiency was so serious as to deprive the defendant of a fair trial. See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984); see also Bolder v. Armontrout, 921 F.2d 1359, 1362 (8 th Cir. 1990).
Odem raised ineffective assistance of counsel in addition to his Brady claim. The district court did not consider the claim that Odem's trial counsel's failure to connect the two disclosures concerning the jacket constituted ineffective assistance of counsel because it granted relief based on a Brady violation. The record before this Court, including the parties' briefs, is too scant for a proper determination of this issue and is thus remanded to the district court.
Accordingly, we REVERSE the district court's finding of a Brady violation and the granting of Odem's habeas corpus petition. We REMAND to the district court for a determination of Odem's ineffective assistance of counsel claims.
The Honorable William Matthew Byrne, Jr., Senior United States District Judge for the Central District of California, sitting by designation
The following is an excerpt from Odem's appellate brief in his second petition before the Iowa state courts. This excerpt represents the entirety of his state court papers that can be construed as raising the Brady claim:
Counsel's failure in the case at bar to conduct any substantial investigation in Mr. Odem's case, to make pretrial discovery requests and to request exculpatory evidence without question establishes that William Pappas neglected to perform several essential tasks which ultimately prejudiced his client's opportunity for a new trial. But for counsel's omissions, it is indeed reasonably probable that the result of Mr. Odem's trial proceedings would have [been] different.
The county attorney's letter to Mr. Pappas of May 19, 1981 failed contain critical information exculpatory to Mr. Odem. As has been previously stated, the case against Odem was not strong -- there was no physical evidence linking him to the crime scene and no eyewitness identification. [Citation omitted]. The key evidence against Odem was his rifle; which was established to have been the murder weapon and the fact that the victim's young sons testified that the murderer wore a red coat. Mr. Odem was wearing a red nylon jacket with white stripes running down the sleeves and no writing on the back on the evening of the murders.
In their initial statements to authorities following the murders, Chad and Steven Smith, while unable to identify the murderer, stated that the individual wore a red jacket that had white cursive writing on the back of it. At trial, the boys testified that this was a lie on their part. When the entire prosecution file in Mr. Odem's case was presented to postconviction counsel in this case, a DCI report, . . . , was discovered which indicated that Mr. Odem's brother, Richard Odem, owned a red jacket with cursive writing on the back of it which had a head hair of Kim Smith's on it. . . .
The above information was not disclosed to defense counsel; Mr. Pappas made no requests for exculpatory evidence.
It is a violation of due process for the prosecution to suppress, mistakenly or otherwise, evidence favorable to the accused if the evidence is material. State v. Todden, 364 N.W.2d 195, 198 (Iowa 1985). In United States v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667, 692 . . . (1985), the United States Supreme Court adopted a single test for materiality to cover the "no request," "general request," and "specific request" cases of prosecutorial failure to disclose evidence favorable to the accused:
The evidence is material only if there is a reasonable probability that, had the evidence been disclosed to the defense, the result of the proceeding would have been different. A "reasonable probability" is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome.
to See also State v. Anderson, 410 N.W.2d 231, 233-34 (Iowa 1987).Mr. Odem submits that it is reasonably probable that had a request for and disclosure of [the jacket] been made, the results of his criminal trial proceedings would have been different. Such evidence clearly wouldhave generated reasonable doubt and, if used effectively, would havemade the difference between conviction and acquittal. Prejudice to Mr.Odem by defense counsel's omissions in this regard is clear.
Joint Appendix at 63-66
LOKEN, Circuit Judge, concurring.
The ineffective assistance alternative ground on which we are remanding was not explicitly argued to the district court. Indeed, the State contends it was not even alleged in the district court. Based upon my review of Odem's amended petition for a writ of habeas corpus, that may be a serious issue, particularly since any amendment to the petition at this time might arguably be successive or abusive. Moreover, even if this specific ineffective assistance issue was raised in the district court, there is the additional question whether it was rejected on the merits when the court stated in its November 19, 1998, order: "The Court is persuaded that trial counsel was unable to make, and should not reasonably have been expected to make, the connection between the red jacket seized from Odem's brother and the red jacket which bore a head hair of Kim Smith given the manner in which this information was provided." I do not reach the merits of these questions, or any other question relating to this theory of ineffective assistance, because they are better left for further consideration by the district court on remand.


text:
Q: Array format adding extra layer using '=>' I'm struggling to find a way to convert my object to the correct format.
I want to replace a function that we currently use on generating detailed array, as you can see below everything is static.
  private function departmentArray($content=[])
    {
            return [ static::$A_DEPT_ID => $content
                   , static::$O_DEPT_ID => $content
                   ];
    }

A sample result when that runs is this
{"3":{"complete":0,"incomplete":0},"5":{"complete":0,"incomplete":0}}

I converted the method
       private function departmentArray($content=[])
    {
        $depts = d::getAllMainDepartment();

        $dept_array = [];
        foreach ($depts as $dept) {
            $dept_array[] = array($dept->id => $content);
        }

        return $dept_array;
    }

The resulting format looks like this
[{"3":{"complete":0,"incomplete":0}},{"5":{"complete":0,"incomplete":0}}]

How can I maintain the same format on the first version of code?

A: You don't push into an associative array, you use the new key as an index.
$dept_array[$dept->id] = $content;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
thad eirich
Cyber Acoustics- Attack Vector of the Moment
Created at: 2014-02-12 04:25:44 UTC
Updated on: 2014-09-25 01:45:25 UTC
About two months ago the net security community started to hearing some strange things about another well-known security researcher who also claimed to be hearing strange things. That guy was Dragos Ruiu, and he was hearing his machines talk to eachother. Not over the the internet or any audible band, he was claiming that a hyper-futuristic malware had infected his security lab, was hiding in the machines' BIOS, and was communicating through audio to other infected, air-gapped (no networking) computers to re-propagate the virus if it had been removed. There are a few really big claims in that statement:
1. the machines are being infected at the BIOS level
2. the malware is infecting different machines at the BIOS level (he claims it has infected at least a Windows machine and a BSD machine of different makes)
3. the malware can communicate using high frequency sounds from standard computer speakers/microphones
Any one of those claims would be a attribute of a well researched and targeted attack, however the three of them together make a stuxnet-worthy super-virus.
Had this research come from most sources it would have immediately been regarded as a hoax or a vast misinterpretation of data, but it was coming from Dragos Ruiu (probably best known for organizing the first Pwn2Own a few years back). Ruiu claimed that this malware began infecting his machines 3 years ago, but he only began posting about it (on Twitter & Google+ and Facebook) once he was aware of the BIOS/audio components. ArsTechnica picked the story up and pretty soon Bruce Schneier was even blogging about it. After a couple of weeks of scrutiny from the netsec community, a lot of questions came out about the legitimacy of his claims. There is still some debate, but it seems to me it was (very) throughly debunked here. There's even been some deflated tweets from Ruiu of late, followed by replies of layman suggestions which make me glad my doctor doesn't tweet my diagnosis.
I'm not always right. so sorry if I've wasted any folks time.
— dragosr (@dragosr) November 24, 2013
However, in the wake of BadBIOS, cyber-acoustics have seem to become a trendy, much talked topic in networking and security. (And Ruiu's Twitter followers have doubled.) During the excitement of BadBIOS, this MIT program which used ultrasonic acoustics to create a LAN connection between devices was often used as proof that acoustic networking is possible. Another example of wireless networking (that was pointed out by Nuiu himself) is a Cambridge study of using readily available consumer-level audio peripherals. Just recently research from Germany's Fraunhofer Institute demonstrated malware that can communicate over air gaps using these inaudible sounds. While this research doesn't directly substantiate BadBIOS itself, it does provide a working proof-of-concept.
Maybe an even more startling revelation in cyber-acoustics was a recent study by Tel Aviv University where just by using a smartphone microphone, researchers were able to record the sounds a laptop made during RSA encryption and decode the 4096-bit key within an hour of operation. This exploit was based upon the fact that the execution of different RSA keys, CPUs produce a different range of sound. The attack did rely on a known-plaintext message, however it's still remarkable to think that modern encryption could be defeated just by listening.
It's hard to take a step back and think of Steve Wozniak blue-box hacking telephone lines in the 60's, but acoustics have always been an attack vector for computer networks, it's just been a long time since we've thought of them as viable. Apart from all the debate it has caused, BadBIOS has brought that fact back into the mind of today's hackers, for better or for worse.
acoustics badbios security RSA
Searching for Truth in TrueCrypt
Installing Gradle with Eclipse 3.8 & Tomcat 7
Using Maven to package and then deploy Ember-CLI assets as a WAR
ember-cli
©Thad Eirich & ThadEirich.com, 2013. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this blog's author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Thad Eirich and ThadEirich.com with appropriate and specific direction to the original content.
This work by Thad Eirich is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.


From my early days at IBM and throughout my career, I have consistently tried to apply the latest technology to allow things to work more efficiently than they previously had. Throughout that time, I remember working on many technologies that everyone else decreed could never replace a human.
Back in the late 1990's someone even told me that the complexities of mortgages and leasing could never be put into an Internet application. Well, tell that to Quicken Loans and to pretty much every bank out there today relying on online forms and signatures.
Therefore, as a smart marketer, I know that technology will continue to chip away at the lower level tasks; there will constantly be the opportunity to utilize machines to provide more efficiency to my team, and in turn, more value to my clients. Technology, when implemented well, will allow our team to increasingly spend more and more time on high-level strategy and proactive communication, which in turn leads to more successful campaigns—and happier employees and clients.
To date, most of our efficiency via technology has been gained at the workflow tool and tracking levels. Instead of loads of documents and spreadsheets, our entire process is now managed through custom apps built on Salesforce CRM that are integrated with our project management system (we use TeamWorkPM) and document management system (we use Box.com).
We use Slack for constant contextual based collaboration. This tool allows for internal communication, but also provides context, history, and searchability for our entire team.
1. Reduced the number of internal emails we send.
2. Decreased the amount of internal discussion/project catch-up meetings.
The dashboard visibility allows us to more efficiently evaluate client success.
We used to have entry-level staff and interns generate this kind of information in spreadsheets. Weekly, it involved running reports in different systems and pulling that data into excel for each client; this was certainly not a top task that anyone wanted to work on each week, as there was little thinking or challenge involved.
Now, we have this client success information automatically generated, and we receive it daily instead of weekly, allowing everyone to get a pulse of what is going on with their clients before the day even starts. We call these "coffee messages." Plus, our team is able to focus on providing value to our clients vs. spending time generating manual reports.
Through these tools and integrations, we've significantly increased efficiency over the past year, but I am constantly looking for more.
I strive to help everyone use their education and experience for issues that require strategy and thinking, and less so on items that a system can address just as effectively (or more effectively).
When discussing some of this with a colleague, it got me to thinking that we don't spend enough time telling our clients the benefits of our investment in technology and processes around it to deliver better results for our clients and provide better work for our team.
There are a lot of things in your firm that by adding technology to your general client legal workflow would provide much improvement to the tasks you need to work on every day and improve what you deliver to your client.
For intake of prospective clients, if you get your prospects into a system then you can automate some email follow up, categorize and track to know who to follow up with first, capture notes so whoever talks with the prospect next knows all the details, etc.
At GNGF we use Salesforce for this but there are some legal specific solutions out there like Avvo's Ignite product, or as an addition to something you may already use, Clio has recently added this onto the front end of their cloud based system.
Just as we at GNGF use project management software to track all of our tasks and the associated estimated vs. actual time spent, to manage your client cases/matter information, tools like Clio, Smokeball or many of their competitors provide one place to see all the crucial information surrounding the case.
Contacts, meeting notes and documents, expenses, billable hours, etc. can be at the fingertips of anyone in your office. The time saved from looking for files, waiting to hear back from someone else who last talked to the client, and more can add up to a lot more time to dedicate to the case or to enhance your profitability.
As I mentioned above, at GNGF, we streamlined and automated most of the reporting we were doing and also increased the effectiveness by having it be daily and weekly, taking a low value, un-liked task away from a frustrated team-member giving them a much better feel-ing of value at the office. A similar example at many law firms is document/contract creation. I don't think most of you went to law school to spend your hours manually creating contracts from base templates you probably already have on your hard drive.
Taking a few weeks to learn and integrate a document automation tool like Doxsera, or something bundled into a larger practice management system like Smokeball, can take a one hour task and turn it into a 10 minute task. You can provide better value for your clients, or if you are in a flat-fee environment, you just gained some good profitability or the ability to be more competitive on price if that is needed in your area.
This is just a short list of the many law firm workflows that can be automated or improved with technology. In implementing, you can focus on higher value work for you and your law firm.


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text:
Carlton North is an inner-city suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,  north of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Melbourne and Yarra local government areas. Carlton North recorded a population of 6,177 at the 2021 census.

The suburb is bordered by Princes Street and Cemetery Road to the south, Royal Parade to the west, Nicholson Street to the east and Park Street to the north. Carlton North is home to the Melbourne General Cemetery and the Princes Park, which contains the Princes Park Football Ground.

Its main commercial area is along Rathdowne Street, which has numerous cafés, restaurants, small fashion boutiques, bookshops and other businesses.

Today, Carlton North, like other inner-northern suburbs of Melbourne, contains a mixture of white-collar professionals, bureaucrats and academics. The area has become more gentrified than Fitzroy North, Brunswick or Collingwood, resulting in significantly higher median property prices.

History

Carlton North has its origins with the allotment of the Melbourne General Cemetery in 1853. Previous cemetery sites at Flagstaff Gardens and (what is now) Queen Victoria Market had become full, thus the new Carlton North site was established. In the same year a prison stockade, Collingwood Stockade, was built on Lee Street. This subsequently became an asylum until 1873 when it became the area's first primary school. A bluestone quarry was established at what is now Curtain Square. Subdivision into residential blocks began in 1869, with the emerging brick terrace houses standing in contrast to Carlton's timber cottages. Princes Park was established in 1844 and became home to the Carlton Football Club in 1864.

Cable tram lines were installed along Lygon Street, Rathdowne Street, and Nicholson Street in the 1880s. The Lygon and Nicholson street routes were subsequently converted to electric traction, but the Rathdowne Street route was closed in 1936 and replaced with buses. The area was also serviced by the Inner Circle railway line (passenger services were ceased in 1948 although it remained a goods line until 1980). However Carlton North station was located in Princes Hill and no railway station was ever built in Carlton North.

Demographics

In the 2016 census, there were 6,300 people in Carlton North. The most common ancestries were English 24.6%, Australian 17.0%, Irish 12.4%, Scottish 9.2% and Italian 7.6%.  70.0% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 3.7%, New Zealand 3.1% and Italy 2.4%. 77.1% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Italian 4.5% and Greek 1.6%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 54.3% and Catholic 18.9%.

Commerce and culture

The main commercial precincts in Carlton North are the strip on Rathdowne Street (called 'Rathdowne Village') and the northern end of Nicholson Street. The most notable businesses in the area include the original La Porchetta pizza restaurant (which has since become an Australia and New Zealand-wide franchise) and the Natural Tucker Bakery.

In 2010 St Michael's Anglican Church celebrated its 125th anniversary.

The Albanian Mosque in Carlton North is the oldest mosque in Melbourne, built by Albanian Australians in the late 1960s.

Dancehouse, a centre for independent contemporary dance, is located on Princes Street in the former Carlton Hall.

Housing

Carlton North has a large amount of Victorian and Edwardian era attached and semi-detached terrace houses. Since the 1950s as a result of gentrification many of these properties have been renovated.

In 1968 the announced acquisition by the Housing Commission of Victoria of a block of houses on an area bounded by Lygon, Princes, Lee and Drummond Street (the "Lee Street block" became the trigger for the formation of the Carlton Association in March 1969). Following the placement of a Black Ban on the site by a number of trade unions (including the Builders Labourers Federation) and a strong public relations and lobbying campaign by the resident action group, the Carlton Association were successful in seeing the site saved by 1973, with a number of the properties heritage listed by the National Trust. Parts of Carlton North's housing also came under threat during the 1970s as a result of the Housing Commissions 'urban renewal' program as well as plans to construct the F19 Freeway through the suburb, however the activities of the Carlton Association, trade unions and other community activists prevented this from occurring and the suburb remains one of the very few in inner Melbourne without any Housing Commission flats. Today large parts of Carlton North are covered by various heritage overlays.

Pubs

 The Great Northern Hotel
 The Kent Hotel (Formerly the Duke of Kent)
 The Brandon Hotel

Former hotels
 The Fenwick Hotel. Converted into a large house
 The Rising Sun Hotel. Now trading as Enoteca Sileno grocers

Transport

The suburb is serviced by the main roads of Royal Parade, Lygon Street, Princes Street, Rathdowne Street and Nicholson Street.

Tram routes run north–south along Royal Parade (route 19), Lygon Street (routes 1 & 6) and Nicholson Street (route 96).

The railway station which was located in Princes Hill was closed to passengers in 1948 and freight in the early 1980s. Part of the former line was utilised for Housing Commission units for the elderly and part was turned into a rather long and narrow park. Carlton North also has significant segregated bicycle facilities, including the Capital City Trail. The Carlton North section is a converted rail trail.

Parks and open space

Melbourne General Cemetery

Melbourne General Cemetery is a large (43 hectare) necropolis which is notable for containing the graves of four Prime Ministers of Australia: James Scullin, Sir Robert Menzies, Harold Holt, and Sir John Gorton. Holt's stone is a memorial as his body was never recovered after he disappeared at sea. The tomb of famous Australian explorers Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills (see Burke and Wills expedition) is also located in the cemetery, with an inscription reading "Comrades in a great achievement and companions in
death."

Princes Park

Educational facilities
 Princes Hill Secondary College
 Carlton North Primary School (aka Lee Street)

References

External links

Australian Places: Carlton North

Suburbs of Melbourne
Suburbs of the City of Melbourne (LGA)
Suburbs of the City of Yarra

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
This lesson demonstrates the effect of third-order dispersion on the fundamental and higher-order solitons.
The layout that we use and its global parameters are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: System layout with parameters
The setups for the bit sequence generator and for the sech-pulse generators are displayed in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Figure 2: Setup for the bit sequence generator
Figure 3: Setup for the sech-pulse generator
Figure 4 shows the setup for the nonlinear dispersive fiber component.
Figure 4: Setup for the nonlinear dispersive fiber component
Figure 5: Input pulse shape (left) and spectrum (right)
The input pulse (Figure 1) is a 1 ps wide (FWHM) fundamental soliton propagating near the zero-dispersion wavelength [1].
The output pulse shape and spectrum are shown in Figure 6.
The principal effect of the third-order dispersion term is to stimulate radiation resonantly at a frequency:
Figure 6: Output (at 10 soliton periods or 23.18 km) pulse shape (left) and spectrum (right). Resonance radiation peak is evident
Good agreement can be seen between the results presented in [1] and in Figure 6.
Figure 7: Output pulse shape after 11.6 km (or 5 soliton periods) of propagation. Second order soliton has been split into its constituents by the effect of TOD [1]
The second part of this tutorial considers TOD-induced decay of N=2 soliton. To
simulate this phenomenon, the following changes of the parameters are applied. The
sequence length is set to four bits and the samples per bit parameter is set to 1024.
The bit sequence in the user defined bit sequence generator is changed to "0100".
The power of the sech-pulse generator is set to 421.576mW (corresponding to
second order soliton). The fiber length is changed to 11.593km, which corresponds to
five soliton periods. Beta 3 dispersion parameter in the optical fiber component is set
to 0.019366776 ps3/km.
The output pulse shape is presented in Figure 7. The second-order soliton has been split into its constituents by the effect of TOD [1].
[1]P. K. A. Wai, C. R. Menyuk, Y. C. Lee, and H. H. Chen Optics Letters, 11, No. 7, (1986).


text:
Marywood University's Aphasia Group Wins National Award
SCRANTON, PA—Marywood University's Aphasia Group, under the direction of Marla Kovatch, M.A., CCC/SLP, clinical instructor for the communication sciences and disorders (CSD) department at Marywood University, was recently awarded Outstanding Support Group by the National Stroke Association 2014 Raise Awards Committee.
The 2014 Raising Awareness in Stroke Excellence (RAISE) Award Committee announced seven winners from the more than 460 nominations. The winners were named across different categories, including Most Creative, Most Impactful, Outstanding Group and more.
Marywood University's Aphasia Group offers free, community-service support. The group includes people living with stroke at any stage of their recovery, as well as family members and caregivers. Through group discussion, organized language, and reading skills, the group aims to encourage independence while maximizing speech, language, and reading skills.
Every member of the Aphasia Group is paired with a speech-language pathology graduate student who assists the individual needs and skills of the person with aphasia. The group provides ways to challenge their members in speech, language, and literacy, while offering inspiration, motivation, and empowerment.
To read the article and list of award winners, visit http://support.stroke.org, or for additional information on the aphasia group at Marywood University, contact Marla Kovatch, at 570.348.6299, extension 2259.
Members of Marywood University's Aphasia Group:
First Row (left to right)
Joe Schmidt, Jean Gantz, Walter "Babe" Gantz, Helen Howley, Norma Serino, Ariel Muhs, Morgan Leitold, Laura Drake, and Anna Hall
Second Row (left to right)
Sarah Walker, Emily Osborne, Jim Hughes, Jane Howley, Kathleen Brogan, Ben O'Hara, Dick Cook, Kim Miebach, Kelsey Gallagher, Danielle Plunkett, Anne Widenhofer, and Marla Kovatch, clinical instructor for the communication sciences and disorders department at Marywood University.
By findnflip October 31, 2014


The Ghana Football Association has sealed a five-year deal with Zylofon Media for the sponsorship of the Ghana Premier League.
Beginning this season, Zylofon Media will dedicate its subsidiary firm, Zylofon Cash, as the sponsors of the nation's top-tier league.
The deal was signed on Thursday in Accra.
It is expected to benefit the second-tier league, Division One League, as well, according to GFA President Kwesi Nyantakyi.
The premier league has been without sponsorship since 2015, when First Capital Plus Bank abrogated its contract with the GFA.
According to reports, the Zylofon deal is worth $10 million in total with the Association getting $2 million each year.
Clubs are expected to receive $70,000 each year with the winner after every season getting $40,000 in addition.
The post Ghana Premier League now Zylofon Cash Premier League appeared first on 3newsgh.


Our aim is to make each student an efficient and competent professional in his or her chosen career. Moreover, we help you become an asset to society and a worthy human being.
The faculty and staff of this unique Campus are committed to enhance your academic and professional standing and open the doors to a wide range of lucrative career options.
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Doing Something Uncustomary: Edwin Morgan and Attila József [1]
Tom Hubbard
Early in 2006, if you walked up Rákoczi Street, one of the main boulevards in the centre of Budapest, you would have seen a series of three posters. Each carried a different iconic image of the city together with a question in English.
The posters were in green, red and blue. The green one asked: 'Did you travel here to get to know the people or to be where people don't know you?' The red one asked: 'Did you travel here to get to know the culture or to get a break from your own?' The blue one asked: 'Did you travel here to get to know the customs or to do something uncustomary?' Most of us, I guess, would be willing enough to answer the red and blue questions, and be piously positive about the first part of the green one while hoping that no-one was going to probe us about its second part. I don't know how Edwin Morgan would answer either part of the green poster, but red and blue could help us obtain a perspective on his relationship with Hungarian poetry and, in particular, the work of Attila József. There is a reasonable consensus that Morgan is Scotland's leading translator of poetry. His prolific output (Morgan 1996) includes versions of poetry from French, German, Spanish, Italian, Russian and Hungarian cultures. Regarding the last, in addition to József he has addressed himself to major figures such as Sándor Petőfi, Endre Ady, Miklós Radnóti, Sándor Weöres and many others. He enjoyed a particularly warm personal and professional relationship with Weöres. More recently, he contributed new versions of contemporary Hungarian poetry to the anthology At the End of the Broken Bridge (2005), for which the present author also received commissions. That Morgan is still active at the age of eighty-six is remarkable in view of the cancer with which he was diagnosed some five years ago, though unfortunately he was too frail to attend the launch of the anthology at the University of Strathclyde.
Let's take the red Budapest poster. Did Edwin Morgan engage with Hungarian poetry to get to know that culture or to get away from his own? I suggest that he intended to absorb Hungary but not to break with Scotland; indeed, he has consistently stressed what he sees as common to both cultures. There are two aspects to this. First, in interviews with Hungarian scholars (e.g. in Nagy 1998), he has drawn attention to the fact that both Scotland and Hungary have lived in the shadow of powerful neighbours. He has not needed to add that the cultures of both countries remain a mystery to the rest of Europe: the Scots and the Hungarians, for good and ill, are perceived as exotic. Second, Morgan was attracted to Attila József largely because he found in him a fellow city-poet. The two have in common a strong interest in the deployment of the imagery of the metropolis. Morgan has admitted that József's Budapest poetry may have influenced his own Glasgow poetry. But he has also paid tribute to a poet nearer home, the Scottish-born Victorian poet James Thomson, the author of the long poem The City of Dreadful Night, first published in 1874. Thomson evokes a dream vision of an archetypically alienated and alienating city, an urban nightmare of a kind that was to become more familiar during the post-Freudian twentieth century. Morgan writes of this poem:
[The city of dreadful night] becomes simply [...] any city that is very large and very old, it has huge buildings, great bridges, squares, cathedrals, mansions, slums, endless streetlamps. Since it is night [in the poem], the streets are relatively empty, but because it is a large city there are plenty of shadowy nocturnal wanderers who are the inhabitants of the place and the actors of the poem - the outcasts of daytime society, the tramps, the drunks, the drug-addicts, the half-crazed, the homeless, the sleepless, the lonely. The poem emphasises the isolation of all these characters: they murmur to themselves, they creep about wrapped up in their own thoughts, they appear as products of a dehumanising process in society which is becoming so competitive it has no room for failure; there are also of course psychological weaknesses which are not being blamed on society, but they too take their place within the parameters that society sets up, and the individual seems able to do less and less to change his condition.
(Thomson 1993: 24)
Much in that comment could be applicable equally to the urban poetry of Morgan and József, especially the latter. József's is a poetry of the exploited proletarian and the mentally disturbed: he himself was both.
Affinities between the two poets can be cited with a certain precision. There is a line in Morgan's poem, 'A View of Things' (Morgan 1985: 45-6) which reads like an echo of József's 'Külvárosi éj' ('Night in the Suburbs'): 'what I hate about decrepit buildings is their reluctance to disintegrate'. Consider these lines from the József poem:
Csönd, -- lomhán szinte lábraka
s mászik a súroló kefe;
fölötte egy kis faldarab
azon tünődik, hulljon-e.
(József [n.d]: 268)
Morgan translates this as:
Silence. - The scrubbing-brush sluggishly
rises and drags itself about:
above it, a small piece of wall is in
two minds to fall or not.
(József 2001: 21)
Such images are not uncommon in Hungarian poetry, and this is not surprising if one walks through those parts of Budapest which are unfrequented by tourists. One of the best-known pieces by the contemporary poet Győző Ferencz (b. 1954) offers an example from the last years of the Kádár régime (1956-88):
VIGYÁZAT, OMLÁSVESZÉLY!
Ha épület volnék, most darabokban
Lemállanék rólam a vakolat,
És kiütköznék rajtam, úgy, ahogy van,
A megroggyant váz a felszín alatt: [...]
(Ferencz 1989: 51)
DANGER, FALLING DEBRIS
If I were a building, chunks of plaster
would now flake off and fall into the street.
from beneath the surface my mauled frame
would stick right out, as it stands in me: [...]
Here the derelict building suggests existential overtones and political undertones.
Morgan's own Glasgow, however, is a city which had a long reputation for some of the worst slums in Europe. The Scottish poet was well placed to respond to the drab city-scapes of Attila József. In the József poem to which reference has just been made, there appears that domestic animal which is most associated with street-wisdom: the cat. The first great poet of the city, Baudelaire, was also the most evocative of feline life. Cats can negotiate city life more skilfully than dogs, though both acquire a certain alertness in such an environment. In Morgan's version of the József poem, 'A View of Things' (József 2001: 21-24), a cat stretches its paw through the railings of a factory fence, and a politically-active working man, distributing illegal leaflets, sniffs like a dog and looks over his shoulder like a cat, to see if the coast is clear. In his sequence of 'Glasgow Sonnets', the eyes of a cat glitter under an abandoned baby-carriage, and an emaciated dog engages in joyless fucking. The implication in both the József and Morgan poems is that human life in large cities has become degraded to the less-than-human, and that people have had to develop the survival skills of the wild. In the Glasgow sonnet following the one with the dog and the cat, a slum landlord makes an illegal bargain with a couple which has five kids and can't afford to reject his offer. Bored teenagers have already stripped the neighbouring houses of anything they can lay their hands on. Some survive, others don't. (Morgan 1985: 78-9)
Attila József (1905-37) is one of the most celebrated, most iconic poets of Hungary. His mother, who was abandoned by his father, took in other people's washing for a living. His early life was spent in a series of odd jobs, and his experiences lent his poetry its authentically 'proletarian' tone and content. He entered the University of Szeged but was expelled for his poetry, which was deemed to be subversive: one of the professors declared that he should not be allowed to teach in any Hungarian school. His statue now stands, in determined pose, in front of the main university building; at the other side of the square can be seen one of the most wildly eccentric examples of art nouveau architecture, the Ungar-Mayer House, but József's own life never knew such opulence. He joined the Communist Party but was expelled for his pioneering attempts to fuse Marxist socio-economics with Freudian psychology. Isolated, and afflicted himself with deep psychological problems, he committed suicide in a Lake Balaton resort by throwing himself in front of a train.
I find Morgan's translations of Hungarian poetry far more interesting than references to matters Magyar in his own poetry. The best-known example of the latter is his 'Siesta of a Hungarian Snake', where the poet has fun with the consonants s, sz, zs, and z (Morgan 1985: 17). We can smile, then pass on. The image, in 'Rider', of the nineteenth-century nationalist hero Lajos Kossuth taking 'a coalblack horse from Debrecen' and clattering 'up Candleriggs into the City Hall' doesn't offer any insights into Kossuth's actual speaking tour of Scotland in 1856 (Morgan 1985: 72). Perhaps that is a literal-minded response on my part, but the poet's attempt to be surreal is too self-conscious. In my view, Morgan is not at his best when he is being modishly (and somewhat pretentiously) allusive: easy fodder, no doubt, for literary Glasgow in its most self-congratulatory mode. Morgan deserves better than the city's piety towards him.
More productively we can turn to the third question posed on the Rákoczi Street posters: 'Did you travel here to get to know the customs or to do something uncustomary?' Clearly (and despite the gimmickry just mentioned) Morgan's engagement with Hungarian culture is a serious one. However, given the preconceptions of 'exoticism' suffered by Hungarian literature and the language in which it is composed, Morgan's active interest in the country's poetry might seem to many to be 'uncustomary'. Yet there were Scottish precedents. Hugh MacDiarmid - whose poetry has been the object of some of Morgan's most percipient literary criticism - did not himself attempt any versions of Hungarian poetry, but he wrote in defence of the position of Endre Ady (1877-1919) in European modernism. For MacDiarmid, Ady was one of a number of major figures, from 'peripheral' European cultures, 'those, untranslated into English/ For lack of whom the perspective of poetry/ In that language is hopelessly inadequate' (In Memoriam James Joyce, in MacDiarmid 1978: 820). One might add that an ignorance of European culture renders a perspective on Scottish literature 'hopelessly inadequate', but there are few in Scottish literary academia who are listening. The poets, as usual, are well ahead of the academics. Two twentieth-century Scottish poets, both associates of MacDiarmid, actually went ahead and turned poems by Ady into - Scots! William Soutar (1898-1943) turned Ady's 'Sem utódja, sem boldog őse' into his 'I Lang to Gie Mysel'' (Soutar 1988: 319) and Sydney Goodsir Smith (1915-75)'s 'Alane wi the Sun' derives from the Hungarian's 'Egyedül a tengerrel' (Smith 1950: 11). These are both extremely free renderings of the Ady poems. This is more visually obvious in Smith's version, where he reduces Ady's six stanzas to his own four. (For fuller accounts of Ady in Scots see: Hubbard 2006; McClure 2000).
Morgan's approach to translation is very different. He attempts to follow the original as closely as he can, and is especially concerned to retain its tone. He has stated his principle of 'being a good servant to the foreign poet' (Dósa 2001: 14). Moreover, although Morgan writes very accomplished original poems in Scots, he has remarked that he deliberately opted for English when tackling József; his versions of Ady are also in English. He did say, though, that he 'thought briefly about Scots words for Attila József' (Dosa 2001: 15). I will come back to this fascinating possibility - fascinating to me personally, at any rate - because Scots is now considered a working-class language and of course József's poetry deals strongly with proletarian themes.
The evidence, then, is that a Scot translating József - or any other Hungarian poet - into English or Scots would not be as 'uncustomary' or as 'exotic' as might first appear. What was 'uncustomary', in Morgan's view, was that József was writing an urban poetry of a kind that had not so far been attempted in either English or Scottish poetry - with the exception, of course, of The City of Dreadful Night. Moreover, although in our own time there now exist different English versions of many József poems, it was not always so. When Edwin Morgan first became interested in Attila József during the early 1950s, it had not been 'customary' to put him into English. At first knowing no Hungarian, Morgan discovered József's work in a book of Italian translations by Umberto Albini, published in 1952. With the aid of a Hungarian-English dictionary, Morgan duly worked his way through József's œuvre. Eventually he acquired enough of the language to attempt his own English translations of József and of the other Hungarian poets mentioned earlier. There is a curious parallel with the case of the American critic Edmund Wilson, who learned enough Hungarian in order to appreciate Ady, at a time when good English versions of that poet simply did not exist.
By 1985 Morgan's reputation as a translator of Hungarian poetry was well-established in Hungary itself, and in that year he was presented with the Soros Translation Award for his work on József. In 2001 these poems were conveniently collected in a slim volume from the Glasgow-based small press, Mariscat. The book includes a version of the particular poem ('Tiszta szívvel') which led to József's expulsion from the University of Szeged, here under the title of 'Heart-Innocent'. It opens thus:
Without father, without mother, alone
without cradle, without shroud I go
without God, without land and home
without kiss, without girl to know. [...]
Morgan has commented on how the work of a foreign poet has revealed itself to him before he has actually 'understood' it. For example, he writes of a poem by the Italian poet Eugenio Montale: 'his world stirs and reveals itself [...] there is a shimmer, a play of light on water and on crumbling buildings [that image again! - TH], a face glancing in a mirror, an accordion being played in the twilight [...]' (quoted in McCarey, n.d.) It is if there is an ur-poem beyond the actual words, an essence that one can appreciate in a 'deverbalised' condition. This idea derives ultimately from Walter Benjamin, but the eminent translator and former President of the Hungarian Republic, Árpád Göncz, has written of '"the charm of half understood words" which every translator knows," (Göncz 1999: 293), and one could point also to the stages in a text where, according to Wolfgang Iser, the reader must negotiate 'indeterminacy' - the 'gaps' and 'blanks' in that text.
Such is the beginning of the process of engagement between Morgan and József. As for the end-products, what we find in both poets - in Morgan's own poetry at its considerable best and in his versions of József - is a poetry of struggle as opposed to a poetry of contentment, a poetry for alert citizens rather than for passive consumers.
Edwin Morgan told my Miskolc University colleague, Dr Attila Dósa, that the József poems which probably moved him most were those on the poet's mother, the overworked and terminally ill laundress (Dósa 2001: 12). He therefore tried hard to make a good translation of 'Mama', and under the title of 'Mother' it appears on page 10 of the Mariscat volume. He judges it artistically desirable, in stanza 2, to depart from the rhyme-scheme of the original, replacing ccdd with cdcd. The mother hangs up the clothes in the attic to dry, and here both Morgan opts for a cold northern climate - 'flying in the wind' - which is not emphasised by other translators of the poem, except for myself in my reference to 'the brisk air' in my forthcoming Scots version. I wanted to turn in a decidedly Scottish poem, and I suspect that Morgan, consciously or otherwise, is doing the same. As for the last two lines of the poem, Morgan reverses their order. 'szürke haja lebben az égen,/ kékítőt old az ég vizében' becomes 'The wet sky shines washed with her blue,/ her grey hair streams where the clouds scud through.' (József 2001: 10) Morgan seeks to preserve the tone, according to his translation policy, but he is prepared - quite acceptably in my view - to make other changes in order to arrive at a readable poem in English. Interestingly, his tenth Glasgow sonnet closes with an image of the women of the slums carrying their washing: '[...] and when they trudge/ from closemouth to laundrette their steady shoes/ carry a world that weighs us like a judge.' (Morgan 1985: 82) This reads like an echo of the József poem.
As for 'Reménytelenül' - 'Without Hope' in József 2001: 48 - John Bátki (József 1973: 16) has cited a critical consensus which sees this poem as a response to József's expulsion from the Communist Party and his increasing isolation and existential anxiety. It is not one of the 'city' poems but if anything it is much bleaker. More than other translators of the poem, Morgan is faithful to the abab rhyme scheme. None of the versions, however, can convey the possible echo of Ferenc Kölcsey's 'Hymnusz' in stanza 1, line 3. Kölcsey's 1823 poem provided the words of the national anthem and is therefore known to every Hungarian. The action of looking around and not finding hope can never have the same resonance in English (or Scots) as it will in Hungarian. This is a culturally-specific detail that cannot be carried over into another language, and there is no point in trying to find equivalences where they simply don't exist.
During the preparation of this paper I decided to attempt my own Scots versions, as I felt I could not adequately grasp Morgan's strategies unless I found my own way of getting into the guts of the poems. In stanza 2 both Morgan and I avoid the 'nyárfa' (poplar). I cannot speak for Morgan, but I saw the poplar as a south-European tree and therefore out of place in the north-European poem which I was trying to make; again I can only speculate that Morgan may have made a similar decision at that point.
Finally, if Morgan offers us a József filtered through a Glasgow and west of Scotland sensibility, I as an easterner have positioned my version in my native county of Fife. For decades our main heavy industry was coal, and many of the pits were situated near the sea. Even today the sand on the beach is mingled with coal-dust. Both my grandfathers were miners, so I had a close personal interest in attempting to evoke the proletarian flavour of József's poetry. In south Fife, not only ex-coalminers but working men generally address each other as 'sir'. The word doesn't have the sense of deference that we find in its standard English contexts; in Fife Scots it's a form of address between equals. To call your workmate 'sir' implies male bonding, but there's also more than a hint of mockery - proletarian banter, if you like, for example as in 'Ay, ay, sir, wha wis that lassie I saw ye wi last nicht?' So I opted for this usage in the first line of my (again forthcoming) version. In the József poem, however, the banter is much darker than in the example which I have just given. The Scots and the Hungarians are both famous for their pessimism, and I would suggest that in both our cultures the sense of humour is as blackly ironic as it's possible to be. Attila József has a reputation as a gloomy poet, but that is hardly inconsistent with the grim smile which he wears throughout his work. That in itself is surely attractive to Scottish poet-translators. Sometimes an artistic 'diaspora' works out as a way of travelling not so much hopefully as homefully.
Dósa, Attila (2001). 'A Conversation with Edwin Morgan', Poetry Review , 91/3: 8-15.
Ferencz, Győző (1988). 'Danger, Falling Debris', translated by Gerard Gorman and the author, The Hungarian P.E.N., no. 29: 78.
Ferencz, Győző (1989). Omlásveszély. Budapest: Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó.
Göncz, Árpád (1999). In Mid-Stream: Talks & Speeches. Budapest: Corvina.
Hubbard, Tom (2006). 'Scottish-Hungarian Literary Connections: Past, Present and Possible Future', in Zsuzsanna Rawlinson, ed., HUSSE Papers 2005: Proceedings of the Seventh Biennial Conference, Veszprém: Hungarian Society for the Study of English: 13-26.
József, Attila (n.d.) Osszes versei és müfordításai. [Budapest:] Cserépfalvi.
József, Attila (1973). Selected Poems and Texts. Translated from the Hungarian by John Bátki. Cheadle: Carcanet.
József, Attila (2001). Sixty Poems. Translated by Edwin Morgan. Glasgow: Mariscat Press.
McCarey, Peter (n.d). 'Edwin Morgan the Translator', at http://www.thesyllabary.com/8EdwinM.htm
McClure, J. Derrick (2000). 'William Soutar's Theme and Variation: the Gamut of Literary Translation', in Susanne Hagemann, ed., Terranglian Territories: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Literature of Region and Nation. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang: 141-159.
MacDiarmid, Hugh (1978). Complete Poems 1920-1976. Ed. By Michael Grieve and W.R. Aitken. 2 vols. London: Martin Brian & O'Keeffe.
Morgan, Edwin (1985). Selected Poems . Manchester: Carcanet.
Morgan, Edwin (1996). Collected Translations. Manchester: Carcanet.
Nagy, Enikő (1998). 'Moving Crystal Mountains: Edwin Morgan and George Szirtes Talk About Translating Hungarian Poetry', The AnaChronist. Budapest: ELTE Department of English Studies: 281-294.
Smith, Sydney Goodsir (1950). 'Alane wi the Sun: from Endre Ady', Scottish Art and Letters.
Soutar, William (1988). Poems of William Soutar: a New Selection. Ed. By W.R. Aitken. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.
Thomson, James (1993). The City of Dreadful Night. Introduced by Edwin Morgan. Edinburgh: Canongate.
Turczi, István, ed. (2005). At the End of the Broken Bridge: XXV Hungarian Poems 1978-2002. Manchester: Carcanet.
This article is based on a guest lecture in the Department of Comparative Literature, University of Szeged, on May 3, 2006. RETURN TO TEXT


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