Let me get straight to it.
Getting a rhinoplasty or nose job is a big decision with many factors to consider.
And you want to make sure that you're not only getting the best procedure possible with an experienced surgeon, but also the right cosmetic procedure for you and your nose.
It is a decision which requires a substantial financial investment.
And very often this financial investment comes from yourself.
Functional rhinoplasties performed because of a condition such as a deviated septum and which usually involve moderating the internal structure of the nose to improve breathing problems could be (at least partially) covered by medical insurance. Besides an injury, illness or cancer could need a reconstructive rhinoplasty, which may also be compensated by health insurance.
In the UK, you can only get a nose job on the NHS if you're a breathing issue due to an accident, birth anomaly, etc. Otherwise, a private clinic is your only option where the cost of a nose job starts at £4,500 and goes up to £7,000 depending on the complexity of the procedure.
As the vast majority of rhinoplasty operations occur as elective surgical procedures and as such nose reshaping surgery explicitly performed for aesthetic improvement becomes an out-of-pocket expense, as it's doubtful your health insurance covers your desired surgery.
America is in the third spot when it comes to the number of nose jobs performed in a year. The average price in the US is $5,000. Withal, the fee of anaesthesia, hospital expenses, consultation and aftercare isn't included in most of the packages so these extra expenses must be taken before choosing your surgeon.
The most expensive country for a nose job is Australia with the charging ranging from $5,000 to $15,000. If you live in Australia, the wise idea is to involve your insurance company and aim to convince them to contribute towards the surgery, at least partially.
If you've been doing your research, you know that the costs of rhinoplasty vary widely around the world and even from area to area in some countries.
As with any service, plastic surgery fees can vary between regions of the country; for example, large cities tend to have higher fees because overhead costs are higher than in smaller cities.
So, where your doctor is based has an impact on the price.
Some people are happy to fly to another country or state to have the surgical procedure of their choice carried out – the operation may be cheaper, but you have to factor in extra travel and accommodation costs - whereas other people are much more comfortable staying on home territory.
A month or a few weeks before your surgery, you will meet with the surgeon to chat about your personal goals and plan out the procedure and ensure you are a suitable candidate for the operation.
You then have to go to follow-up appointments to check your progress. After surgery, you will need products such as the Rhinoplasty Recovery Kit and specific pain medication for pain management purposes. All these pre and post-op appointments and provisions are required to take into account when determining what the cost of your procedure will be. Also, when planning your finances, be sure to remember to factor in time spent off work and travel costs as well.
Other than that, it is also essential to pick an expert surgeon who is well aware of the complexities involved in the procedure.
It's even better to choose a surgeon who understands the male/female gender complexities because there's a fine line that separates the facial structure of a male and a female.
Your surgeon charges their fee for doing the procedure.
The most accomplished plastic surgeons are in high demand, and as such their time comes at a premium.
Surgeons with more experience will charge higher fees than those newer to the practice. However, choosing your plastic surgeon based on price alone is not a good idea.
Well, that's something worth bearing in mind. The main reason for selecting a surgeon should be their skill and experience, not the cost of the procedure.
Nose jobs can be done in a hospital, a private surgical suite, or in an ambulatory surgical centre.
Surprising a hospital is the most expensive, while a private surgical suite is the least costly.
Most people can have their procedure in a private office or ambulatory setting, which is an outpatient procedure. But something to bear in mind, if you choose to stay overnight in a hospital and undergo inpatient treatment, it will increase the nose job cost.
The anesthesiologist usually makes an extra charge for their services.
There are 2 types of anaesthesia. One where you are sedated, but not asleep during the procedure, or general anaesthesia, whereby you are completely asleep.
I know which one I would have!
These two options carry different price tags, so be sure to inquire about how much each option is.
So, let's compare the average costs of a standard primary reduction rhinoplasty around the world (in general, secondary or revision rhinoplasties cost more depending on the nature of each case and will be discussed in a future article).
Our Infographic - How Much Does a Nose Job Cost Around the World?
In a town famous for good looks, natural or otherwise, Beverly Hills is home to many renowned plastic surgeons. It is an incredibly popular place for all kinds of cosmetic surgeries to be carried out, with many rhinoplasty surgeons located in and around the famous Wiltshire Boulevard. As such, it is deemed to be one of the more expensive places to have a procedure and is the first choice for folk with plenty of money to spend.
According to www.realself.com the typical cost for rhinoplasty in and around Beverly Hills, California ranges from $4,800 - $13,800 with an average price of $8,950 in Beverly Hills. Costs include surgeon fees, facility fees and anaesthesia.
Over on the other side of The United States is New York City, also a trendy place for plastic surgeries to be performed. Statistics are taken from www.okcopay.com, a website informing people of the price of their basic medical care options before receiving treatment, show that the average cost of cosmetic nose surgery in New York is around $7000. Costs include surgeon fees, facility fees and anaesthesia.
As the second largest state in the US, there is quite a wide range in the prices for nose re-shaping. www.todaysface.com state that costs for a standard primary rhinoplasty surgery can range between $5,000-$9,500, so a median figure of around $7000 is typical of cost.
The average cost of getting a nose job from Miami is between $5,000 to $10,000.
Is there a lot of pain after the surgery is conducted?
The pain which triggers after the surgery is controlled by pain medication, so there's no problem.
Are nose jobs covered by Insurance?
Some of the functional aspects are covered such as Septoplasty, inferior turbinate reduction, nasal surgery, etc. It depends upon your insurance plan if the surgery is covered partially or wholly.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Canada?
Can the cost of Rhinoplasty be covered by insurance (Private)?
Does the ministry of health cover any or all parts of rhinoplasty surgery?
It does, but only in case of birth anomaly, poor alignment of the nose because of trauma (sometimes). It also covers a part of the procedure if it's performed to treat breathing problems (Source).
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In India?
Unsurprisingly, in India, the cost of rhinoplasty is low. It can cost between $1,500 to $1,800.
Why is the cost in India so low?
Because the subsidies provided by the Indian government to the health sector are much more compared to other countries.
Are the surgeons qualified in India?
Yes. Most of them are American, Canadian or British degree holders and have performed many successful cosmetic procedures.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In UK?
Nose surgery is not a simple procedure to go with. It's expensive, and there are risks associated with it, too. In the UK, the cost of nose job ranges from $6000 to $9,000 including follow up appointments, consultation and fee for anaesthesia, etc.
How to know if a plastic surgeon is good enough?
Check if he/she is registered with the GMC-UK. It also shows their practice history.
Not really, because you'd be unconscious due to the effects of general anaesthesia.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In South Korea?
Is South Korea a cheap place when it comes to rhinoplasty?
Not really. However, it is more affordable than America, Singapore, and Australia.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Poland?
A full nose surgery from Poland will cost you around $2000 and approximately $1100 for nose tip surgery.
Is it wise to get a nose job from Poland?
It is. However, you need to do your homework and find an experienced surgeon who can implement modern techniques.
Is there a way for abroad patients to first consult with the surgeon?
There is. Many popular clinics and surgeons in Poland offer video consultation (Skype) to foreign patients.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Turkey?
Rhinoplasty in Turkey costs between $1,700 to $3,000 depending upon the severity of the case and surgeon chosen.
How to find a good surgeon in Turkey?
The best way to find a professional and experienced surgeon in Turkey is to look for a surgeon who is a registered member of ISAPS.
How to pick the best hospital for Rhinoplasty in Turkey?
Check all the hospitals that are given a rating of A+ by the Turkish Ministry of Health.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Australia?
A nose job can cost between $5,700 to $10,000 in Australia.
Does this include the fee for general anaesthesia?
No. It doesn't. The fee for general anaesthesia is somewhere around $1,000.
Are there any other costs besides anaesthesia and procedures?
The hospital fee will around cost $1,500 AUD.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Mexico?
The average cost of getting a nose job from Mexico is $3,254. Depending on the expertise of the surgeon, it can cost you between $1850 to $4350.
Is there a package that includes anaesthesia, hospital stay, and the surgery?
There is. Some plastic surgery clinics in Mexico offer cheaper packages that include the cost of anaesthesia, hospital stays, meals, transport, and even post and a pre-consultation fee of around $2,400.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In South Africa?
The cost of getting a nose job from South Africa is between $3,425 to $4,100 (50,000 to 60,000 Rand).
Does this cost include the hospital and anaesthesia fee?
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Thailand?
A nose job will cost you between $2,000 to $4,500 only in Thailand.
Does the cost include other things as well?
Yes. The hospital stay and fee for anaesthesia are usually included.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Spain?
The average cost of Rhinoplasty in Spain is around $4,600.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Brazil?
The average cost of a nose job in Brazil is $3,700.
Is it true that the number of nose jobs per population head is done in Brazil?
Yes! Approximately, around 77 thousand per year.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Dubai?
The average cost of a nose job in Dubai is $5450.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Iran?
The cost of a nose job in Iran starts from $1170 up to $5850. This depends on the surgeon's expertise, hospital expense, case severity, etc.
How Much Does A Nose Job Cost In Ireland?
A nose job in Ireland ranges between $6,400 to $8,800.
One of the most noteworthy factors affecting the total cost is if you need to have a second surgery, otherwise known as a 'revision'. Because your nose swells during the operation, your surgeon may get a false impression of the final shape of your nose. And as puffiness goes down, it may become clear that a second surgery is necessary to achieve the look you want.
Approximately 15 per cent of rhinoplasty surgeries require a second surgery.
Revisions are a bit costlier particularly when they need structural grafting, which is necessary if the skeletal framework is weakened or mispositioned.
To cut the risk that a second surgery won't produce the expected results, ensure the surgeon is aware of your expectations. Consider cutting pictures from magazines as a visual aid.
The more complex the surgery, the more expensive it will be and when planning your finances, be sure to remember to factor in time spent off work and travel costs as well.


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Il Premio Maria Moors Cabot è il più antico premio per il giornalismo ancora oggi assegnato. Ideato nel 1938 da Godfrey Lowell Cabot, venne da lui intitolato alla memoria della moglie. Viene assegnato annualmente dal Consiglio della Columbia University, su suggerimento del Rettore della Scuola di Giornalismo della stessa Università.

Vincitori

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Maria Moors Cabot

Columbia University

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Summary – 'White Gold' is a yellow condiment spice mustard (Sinapis alba L.) cultivar developed for use as a condiment spice by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station and released in April 2014. White Gold is an open-pollinated cultivar selected for high adaptation to the dry-land environments of the Pacific Northwest (Idaho, Oregon and Washington). The cultivar was developed from a population selected from an accession (SIN 32/77) supplied by the Central Institute of Genetics and Crop Plant Research in the German Democratic Republic (DDR), now the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research. The original breeding population was evaluated in the field during 1994, and further replicated field evaluation began using this seed source in 1995. After the initial evaluation, the population was re-designated as SN-3277 (i.e. Sinapis alba 3277) and later as UI.3277.
UI.3277 was evaluated as a bulk population over 4 years in local yield trials and thereafter tested in the Pacific Northwest Regional Mustard Variety Trials (PNWMVT) from 1998-2001. Throughout this time the population bulk showed good adaptability with yield potential, bright colored large yellow seeds and with good pungency.


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Als Sidepipes wird ein spezielles Auspuffsystem bei Automobilen (meist Sportwagen) verstanden, bei dem die Abgasendrohre nicht hinten, sondern seitlich am Fahrzeug angebracht sind.

Da Sidepipes bei Frontmotor-getriebenen Autos näher am Motor sitzen und zudem oft ohne Endschalldämpfer ausgeführt sind, führt dies zu einem geringeren Abgasgegendruck und somit höherer Leistung. Sidepipes sind in den meisten Ländern Europas für straßenzugelassene Wagen nicht erlaubt, wenn sie der Geräuschnorm nicht entsprechen sowie das Auspuffrohr auf der Beifahrerseite nach oben oder horizontal außen gerichtet ist. Sidepipes sind sehr beliebt bei US-Fahrzeugen, da diese über den nötigen Platz zwischen Boden und Karosserie verfügen, um sie nachträglich anzubringen, falls nicht ab Werk vorhanden.

Autos mit Sidepipes
 AC Cobra
 Corvette C3
 Dodge Viper (erst seit 2006 in Europa)
 Jaguar XK-SS
 Maybach Exelero
 Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR
 Mercedes G AMG
 Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren
 Morgan Aero 8
 Morgan Threewheeler
 Renault 4
 Willys MB

Abgasanlage (Verbrennungsmotor)


Trading Price Action Patterns (37-42) 5. is exactly that, a simple, straightforward way to trade for pips. Published 4 months ago Round Numbers Additional information Dictionary If you apply the system(s) that we teach we guarantee your success or we will pay your money back. . Master FS Forex Trading Strategy Risk & Reward Calculator Why OANDA Interestingly, though, a large part of that success was as a result of currency risk, with currency-related returns outperforming the underlying equity markets. An important part of the foreign exchange market comes from the financial activities of companies seeking foreign exchange to pay for goods or services. Commercial companies often trade fairly small amounts compared to those of banks or speculators, and their trades often have little short-term impact on market rates. Nevertheless, trade flows are an important factor in the long-term direction of a currency's exchange rate. Some multinational corporations (MNCs) can have an unpredictable impact when very large positions are covered due to exposures that are not widely known by other market participants. Economics Basics Video 47C: Trading in Trading Ranges Get an XE account Upgrade Now NetPicks Options Fast Track Photography Fundamentals Budget Lite Video 34B Actual Risk Bull Signals Take profits	31:08	» Fixed Income Geopolitical Turmoil and Forex Trading Live Stocks See All High School Courses Databases ECN account Do you wish to receive emails from iFOREX? Browse Schools by Degree Level Bonds & Fixed Income Overview Earn college credit EUR-USD PayPal Brokers Publisher: Wiley; 1 edition (November 2, 2007) Our Team Trading the forex markets Spreads 3.0 out of 5 starsThank yoy for prompt delivery ! Auto reviews Crypto - Weekend Trading 4. What Are You Really Selling or Buying in the Currency Market? Forex Trading Courses TRADING CONCEPTS See Plans & Pricing There's 24 hour trading – you dictate when to trade and how to trade. ASB Buys Notes 14 people found this helpful Commercial expert advisors(1 Viewing) Or get 4-5 business-day shipping on this item for $5.99. (Prices may vary for AK and HI.) ADD TO CART Forex Trading Seminars Consecutive climaxes	33:18	ID Account Accounts and Cards The investigators also learned he was was neither a currency trader nor a graduate in this field. This suggested that he had indeed swindled money from people, and put false information into the social media and a computer system, said Pol Gen Wirachai. Home › Learn › Forex Change Password Trader's Action	EUR	USD Cent account Summary: Developing a Trading Plan in India	Kindle Direct Publishing Trading Strategy REGISTRATION IS CURRENTLY OPEN TO JOIN OUR What traders talk about Others like to wait until the close of the candle. Free Class Refer a friend to earn $25 each The investor often ends up getting nothing, while the scammer uses investors' funds to buy yachts and private islands. Economic policy comprises government fiscal policy (budget/spending practices) and monetary policy (the means by which a government's central bank influences the supply and "cost" of money, which is reflected by the level of interest rates). If you have forgotten you password, please contact your Account Service Manager who will help you create a new password. The #1 secret to making money with trading options is simply... Dishonest Brokers Usually Tight Channel on higher time frame	32:49	11 Understanding what market you should trade – Copy Remember me 22. Forex Winning Profitable Trading Strategy ACT/SAT zanele September 14, 2017 at 6:46 am News, update and announcements Advantages of trading Forex – Copy IPO Transferring credit to the school of your choice Register to view this lesson ↑ http://www.babypips.com/school/how-you-make-money-in-forex.html GBP/USD	$10	3.33%	0.9% Trading discussion(5 Viewing) Mental Health Mutual Funds: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z Machine learning models run & provide with great accuracy & flexibility the strength/weakness of each currency based on multiple factors besides price action. 11. 17.Risk Management Leads and lags Triangle patterns are fairly profitable, although they are harder to find compared to some other simpler set-ups like channels and trends. The clearer the shape, the likelier it is to play out in a predictable way. Lecture2.6 30D	Trader's Equation and Probability 1.4	Modern to post-modern What you should do if you are brand-new to the world of currency trading is familiarize yourself with some of the different currency trading approaches that exist. Not only will this give you the vantage point of being able to see how others go about the process of trading currencies, it will also help introduce you to some of the different Forex trading system variables that (in some cases) are universal among all the different currency trading frameworks.


IVC is an cross-regional open community.
Speaking of Shanghai, people tend to think of its exotic French concession, vibrant street life, and cultural activities. Xinhua community, is one of the kind consists all above.
Due to Xinhua's close proximity to city center and relatively low living cost and attracts young creative working class to settle in and become the "new locals".
The project mapped the lifestyles of the "new locals" according to preferable Point of Interest (Baidu POI), cycling routes (MoBike data), living concentration (demographic & house price data) to identify community reusable space and space structure.
By creating shareable community hubs, better cluster linkages, and an online neighborhood platform, residents, administrators, and public sectors can work together to improve the neighborhood.
YouBike is Taipei's well-established city bike system. Many cities in the world had introduced similar city bike systems but few achieved financial sustainability.
However, the emerging trend - the "bike as you go" model such as OBike, and China's MoBike, ofo - had revolutionized the imagination of public bike. How can the fixed-station model like YouBike face the new challenge?
What if we can take advantage of the space of the fixed bike stations? What if we can offer more value at those stations? and How can the stations better respond to the city's needs?
By analyzing open data of nearly 300 stations in Taipei, accompanied with field study on how citizens use the bikes, the project suggested alternative possibilities of the bike stations.
Taipei City, the capital of Taiwan, is the congestion of domestic companies, work opportunities, urban activities, and urban life. Like many other capital cities, Taipei's living cost is higher than average of the nation, including the affordability of owning a piece of space.
However, given the city's rather long history of development, Taipei's urban fabric has grown organically and complex, accompanied with modern issues like aging buildings, tangled or unclear land and property ownerships, etc.
If you happened to have lived in Taipei, you might find that, on one hand, it's luxurious and costly to own a space in the city, while on the other hand, many of its urban space were, in fact, underutilized or passively used. These seemly contradicting facts made us wonder: are the urban space in their best use? where are space that need improvement? and how might we better use them?
There are various ways to take part in city innovation with us.You can either support on projects, or join our talent networks, or simply contact us.
Got some data in hands and want to share for a better city making? Have a great research topic and looking for partnership? Other resource you feel like to offer?
Passionate about cities? Got some skills in data/ geocoding/ design/ cities/ interaction? Feel like joining a cross-regional, cross-disciplinary community?
exchange creative ideas on urban living.


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PETITION UPDATE: Breeder who Burned Puppy's Eye with Hot Kitchen Knife Banned from Having Animals
Home » Animals » PETITION UPDATE: Breeder who Burned Puppy's Eye with Hot Kitchen Knife Banned from Having AnimalsBy Lex Talamo | September 3, 2021
Representative photo via Wallpapersafari
An animal cruelty charge that followed a botched eye surgery on an English bulldog has effectively shut down a Lancaster County puppy mill for the next five years.
A veterinarian who treated the dog raised the alarm against Ray Martin, 48, of New Holland, Penn., after noticing the dog was missing a part of his eye. Investigators with the Pennsylvania SPCA (PSPCA) and humane law enforcement then determined that Martin had used a hot kitchen knife to remove cherry eye — caused by an inflamed gland of the eyelid that surfaced in the dog — without anesthesia, training, or medical qualifications.
Martin pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor animal cruelty charge and was sentenced to two years of unsupervised provision.
Lady Freethinker thanks the more than 41,000 people who signed our petition demanding accountability and justice for this innocent dog.
As part of the plea deal, he also surrendered 17 dogs to the PSPCA and is prohibited from owning or profiting from dogs for the next five years, according to court documents.
Nicole Wilson, PSPCA's director, told the Reading Eagle that the case was "especially horrific."
"The offender, in this case, took this innocent puppy's medical care into his own hands, without considering the pain and suffering endured by this vulnerable animal," she said.
Martin originally also was charged with aggravated cruelty for torture and neglect, according to the Reading Eagle — felony charges that could have resulted in stronger sentencing. Unfortunately, as part of the plea deal, those aggravated charges were dropped.
While LFT is grateful that dogs are safe for now, we're disappointed that this animal abuser will be able to have more dogs in five years. Anyone who treated dogs this way should be barred from having any animals for life.
We will continue fighting to bring awareness to puppy mills and the animals who endure appalling conditions for their keepers' profit.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Lots of people have failed before they succeeded. Many aren't famous either. There are plenty of lists of fantastic personal achievements and I like this one because of the diversity of the people and their stories.
As humans we can get fixated on the destination over the journey – so here's a simple thing you can do to get better results quicker.
As I write in my book Learning Dangerously, "all great performance has been driven by the acceptance of effort necessary for fulfilling outcomes" in other words "no pain – no gain".
My clients know from Day 1 that they are in for some hard work. Why would the engage and pay me for anything less?
But you might be asking "how much pain for how much gain?".
And that's a great question. Because if we are conscious about the effort and seek to understand it better we wil inevitably end up getting successful quicker and at less cost.
It's when we ignore the understanding of effort that we fail to truly commit and plan the journey with sufficient gusto necessary to build drive to get started and resilience to keep going.
As I write in my book - if you have a hero, study their journey. But don't get hung up on how much they have achieved. Discover what they did on their Day One and do it better, and keep on doing it better, the next day and the next.
Understand what it takes to get success and you'll create a momentum that will see you soon exceed your wildest expectations. It's been done many times before!
Craig Stephens is the author of Learning Dangerously. Craig mentors, coaches and educates people to realise greater success. If you're content with your performance – more power to you! If you're not satisfied, then contact Craig to discover how you can achieve rapid improvement of your performance.


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90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
The authoritarian personality and prejudice
During World War II, Hitler's Germany openly declared war on most of the
world and secretly murdered six million Jews. Hitler had been elected by
claiming his country was threatened from within by rioting students and from
without by Russian Communists; he called for law and order. Jews were
Germany's readily available scapegoat. Hitler became a strong, authoritarian
leader and many of the German people accepted his control. Why do some
people idolize leaders? Why do some parents demand obedience and harshly
punish any misbehavior, especially anger towards them? Why are certain
people more "straight," stern, distant, intolerant, and hostile while others are
nonconformists, tolerant, and loving?
What kind of people would follow an aggressive, arrogant, critical,
prejudiced leader? The classic study on this topic is The Authoritarian
Personality. These authors (Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswick, Levinson & Sanford,
1950) described several traits of authoritarian leaders, like Hitler, and their
followers, like the German people:
1. Rigid, unthinking adherence to conventional, middle-class ideas
of right and wrong. The distinction has to be made between (a)
incorporating (as in Kohlberg's stage 6--see chapter 3) universal
values and (b) having blind allegiance to traditional social-political-
religious customs or organizations. Examples: an egalitarian person
who truly values one-person-one-vote, equal rights, equal
opportunities, and freedom of speech will support a democracy, not a
dictatorship. A person who says, "I love my country--right or wrong"
or "America--love it or leave it" may be a flag-waving, patriotic
speech-making politician who is secretly an antidemocratic
authoritarian (similar in some ways to Hitler). For the authoritarian the
values of respecting and caring for others are not as important as
being a "good German" or a "good American" or a "good Catholic" or a
"good Baptist."
Important values to an authoritarian are obedience, cleanliness,
success, inhibition or denial of emotions (especially anger and even
love), firm discipline, honoring parents and leaders, and abhorring all
immoral sexual feelings. This was the German character. Authoritarian
parents tend to produce dominated children who become authoritarian
parents. Egalitarians produce egalitarians.
2. Respect for and submission to authority--parents, teachers,
religion, bosses, or any leader. This includes a desire for a strong
leader and for followers to revere the leader, following him (seldom
her) blindly. It was believed by the psychoanalytic writers of The
Authoritarian Personality that recognizing one's hostile feelings
towards an authority was so frightening that the authoritarian
personality was compelled to be submissive. There is an emphasis on
following rules and regulations, on law and order. Everyone has a
proper role to play, including gender role.


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Indianapolis Colts 2020 win total: Will the new faces improve the team?
Drew Haynes
What's in this article? Click to show
Indianapolis Colts offseason breakdown
Colts win total and future bets
Coming into the 2020 season, the Indianapolis Colts retain the majority of their core coaches. The remaining members of last year's team will join forces with some new faces in hopes of improving their 7-9 record from 2019. The big question remains, did the team do enough to be able to surpass their win total of 8.5?
The significant change on this year's team is, of course, at the quarterback position, where seasoned veteran Philip Rivers will take the reigns from Jacoby Brissett. Brissett was a great game manager in 2019, leading the Colts offense to 16th in points per game, but he did not showcase the big-play ability necessary to be a starting QB in the NFL.
Can Rivers act as the catalyst that will push this team to nine or more wins and an AFC South title? We dive into what to expect from Indianapolis this year while keeping an eye out for any interesting season-long props that we can make money on.
The Colts did not have a ton of turnover this past offseason, however, there are a few names that are no longer with the team. Those names include Devin Funchess, Jabaal Sheard, and Pierre Desir. I believe the Colts improved at all the positions of these departures this offseason.
They added the talented wide receiver Michael Pittman from USC in the draft. Pittman is an upgrade from Funchess who consistently has had trouble separating in his career. When looking at Pittman's Relative Athletic Score, which takes player measurements and put them on an easy to understand 0 to 10 scale compared to their position group, we can see that he excelled in nearly all important fields. He finished with an "Elite" score of 8.29 and should be a substantial weapon for Rivers.
They also added Pro Bowl defensive lineman DeForest Buckner who promises to be not only an upgrade over Sheard but also a dominant force across the defensive front. Lastly, they added Xavier Rhodes at the cornerback position as an upgrade over Desir. Many believe Rhodes' best days are behind him; however, I believe Rhodes is primed for a bounce-back season.
The other main addition the Colts made this offseason is Jonathan Taylor out of Wisconsin in the second round of the draft. Taylor showcased his amazing ability early and often during his time in college, finishing as the sixth-leading rusher in NCAA history. I believe he has the skill set that will allow him to continue that high-level of production in the NFL.
The Colts retained Marlon Mack, who rushed for 1,091 yards last year, and they view these two backs as a two-headed monster that will come close to splitting carries. The Colts rushed the fourth most per game in 2019, and their drafting of Taylor reaffirms their commitment to the run in 2020.
Returning talent
Despite last year's 7-9 season, the Colts opened as the favorites to win the AFC South. While offseason additions like Rivers, Buckner, and Taylor are helping to fuel the heightened expectations for the 2020 team, the Colts' ability to retain their high-level talent is the main focus of their hype train.
On offense, T.Y. Hilton is a star who, previous to 2019, had five consecutive 1,000-yard seasons. He did not eclipse the 1,000-yard mark last year due to a nagging calf injury, but look for Hilton's resiliency with Rivers at the helm.
Furthermore, the Colts return all five starters along the offensive line. This is a line that ranked towards the top of the league in most major categories and was a major reason Rivers ultimately signed with the Colts. Quenton Nelson is the top guard in the NFL, and he, along with Anthony Castonzo, Ryan Kelly, and others, will look to make themselves felt in both the run and the pass similar to 2019.
We also see the same Pro Bowl-caliber talent returning to the defensive side of the ball in 2020 as we do the offense. The unit as a whole was just 18th in points against in 2019, but the pieces are present for this defense to jump into the top 10 in 2020. Linebacker Darius Leonard headlines this side of the ball. He was a steal in the 2018 draft and is a top-five linebacker in the NFL.
Malik Hooker leads a secondary that will look to improve with the addition of Rhodes and with Rock Ya-Sin getting another year under his belt. Add All-Pro defensive linemen Buckner and Justin Houston to the trenches, and you have all the makings of an elite defense. If the scheme is there and they can avoid injuries, look for the Colts defense to shine in 2020.
Related: The Colts have the chance to make a deep playoff run in 2020
According to the Sharp football schedule matrix, which ranks strength of schedule based on 2020 opponent season win totals, the Colts have the easiest schedule in the NFL. With so much turnover since the 2019 season, I believe using this metric to predict the strength of schedule is the most accurate, and therefore, the Colts should be feeling great about their 2020 schedule.
The AFC South is a division that is infamous for its ebbs and flows, and the division looks to be down in 2020. The Jaguars have so much turmoil surrounding their franchise that they have star players getting in disputes on Twitter with ownership. They are in full rebuild, and I fully expect the Colts to pick up two wins here.
The Texans also appear to be in disarray despite their recent success. In my opinion, the Texans and Bill O'Brien were the biggest losers of the NFL offseason, and I expect the Colts to pick up one and more than likely two wins here as well. The Titans will likely be a formidable opponent, but with the rest of the division down, I like the Colts to go 4-2 or 5-1 in the division this year.
Outside of the division, the Colts and the rest of the AFC South will play the AFC North and the NFC North. The Colts were lucky to draw the best teams in these divisions at home, as they will play host to the Vikings, Ravens, and Packers. The bottom half of these divisions are relatively weak, and I expect the Colts to go on the road and pick up a few wins in these non-divisional games.
With the majority of the Colts' toughest opponents coming to Lucas Oil Stadium, PFN analyst Cole Thompson sees the Colts going 10-6 this year. The schedule and talent certainly seem to favor them reaching double-digit wins in 2020.
The Colts over/under sits at 8.5 (-160) on FanDuel. While this team has a talented roster, uncertainties around their overall depth, and questions regarding how much Rivers has left in the tank, have me making the over just a lean. Instead, I will use Indianapolis' clear emphasis on the run game and the aforementioned QB concerns, to bring me to my future prop, Rivers under 4,099.5 yards (-112) on FanDuel.
Rivers may have thrown for over 4,600 yards in 2019, but expect the run-first mentality to milk the clock early and often. The run game's success will all but certainly reduce Rivers to more of a game manager, as one of the main factors leading to this team's success is mitigating turnovers. I think this role is preferred for Rivers, as his 20 interceptions and 48.6 QBR in 2019 suggest he is no longer capable of carrying the full offensive burden on his 38-year-old arm.
Furthermore, the solid defensive unit and weak opposing schedule suggest the Colts will be up in the second half of games this year, leading them to lean on the run game and milk the clock rather than save time passing. The Colts will likely win more games in 2020 than they did last year, but it will not be because Rivers throws for more than 4,100 yards.
In this article:Darius Leonard, DeForest Buckner, Featured, featured, Jonathan Taylor, Philip Rivers, Season-long win totals
Mike Tanier looks at the NFC teams that missed or were eliminated from the playoffs this year, like the Dallas Cowboys and Seattle Seahawks.
Mike Tanier36 mins ago


Specify the Elasticsearch JSON query. In our example, let's search for matches for all documents that contain Transactional.
Click on Preview to return all documents for that query. This returns the first 1000 matches.
Let's add some Cloud9QL to post-process the data further. Note that the Cloud9QL is optional, and is not a replacement to Elasticsearch query - it provides a powerful way to complement Elasticsearch query to transform the results. In the following example, let's transform the results further to get the sum of the sent field, grouped by customer.
Joins: Now that we have some basic data from Elasticsearch, say that we need to join this data with customer details that exist in a MySQL database.
The results now include customer details from MySQL combined together with the data from Elasticsearch.


text:
Texans Are Ready To Ride
RidershipTexas CentralMarch 22, 2019 April 8, 2019
Ridership By The Millions
MORE THAN 90% OF THE 17 MILLION TEXANS LIVING IN THE TRAIN'S SERVICE AREA WOULD SAVE AT LEAST 1 HOUR BY RIDING THE TEXAS HIGH-SPEED TRAIN
Texans are ready to ride the high-speed train, according to a multimillion-dollar, comprehensive ridership study, conducted by L.E.K Consulting. This study has confirmed that Texas is ready for a market-driven, privately developed high-speed train line serving North Texas, the greater Brazos Valley and the Greater Houston Metro areas.
More than 6 million passengers expected to ride the train annually by 2029 and more than 13 million by 2050
Train will save 60 to 90 minutes per trip between Houston and North Texas
The Houston-North Texas super economy is expected to grow by 1.5 percent per year to 2050, almost twice the U.S. national average.
An overwhelming majority of Texans (85 percent of those surveyed) who have traveled between Greater Houston and North Texas over the last 12 months say they would use the train in the right circumstances
The overwhelming majority of surveyed Texan Travelers (over 85%) said they would use the train in the right circumstances, with only 14% of survey respondents stating they would not consider any alternative but their personal vehicle.
Looking further into the study, 72% of frequent travelers, and 49% of non-travelers said they either probably or definitely would use the high-speed train on their next trip to North Texas or Houston if it were an option today!
Bringing together end-to-end journey time analysis, primary market research on perceptions of high-speed trains, and long-distance travel market size estimates, it is possible to develop estimates for future levels of demand for the high-speed train. Ultimately, the L.E.K study concludes that this project's ridership is anticipated to ramp up to over 6 million passengers by 2029 and 13 million by 2050. That's 35% of the anticipated number of long-distance trips between North Texas and The Greater Houston Metro Area.
Download the Ridership Brochure
In a separate LEK study, "New Routes to Profitability in High-Speed Rail," the company identifies many of the common elements shared by profitable high-speed train systems, including showing, for the first time, a clear correlation between HSR and road market share, based on journey time savings — the greater journey time savings by rail, the higher the market share. Other common characteristics shared by successful HSR routes include: connecting large cities, being the optimal distance apart to be competitive against road and air, and having commercial freedom to maximize profit rather than passenger volume. All great signs that Texas – more specifically North Texas-to-Houston – is the right place to plant the seeds for this new industry!
THE TEXAS HIGH-SPEED TRAIN WILL REDUCE AVERAGE JOURNEY TIMES BY 60-90 MINUTES
A comprehensive analysis of every component of a trip between North Texas and Greater Houston high-speed train — including getting to and from the station, check-in, security and boarding—indicates an average time savings of 60-90 minutes as compared to today's air and road travel options.
Minutes Faster Than by Car
Minutes Faster Than by Plane
It's About Growth
Traveler Demand In Texas is far outpacing the Supply from Air or Road options.
16 million journeys are made between North Texas and Greater Houston each year, nearly half of which are trips to visit friends and family. The size of the travel market between Greater Houston and North Texas is expected to grow at 1.5% per year until 2050, almost twice the national average, resulting in a total population of just under 20 million journeys in 2022 and just over 34 million journeys in 2050.
Nearly 13 million people live within 1 hour of a proposed high-speed train station TODAY!
Travel within the corridor is projected to grow at +1.5% per year through 2050.
Millions of Journeys
72% of Recent Travelers*
Definitely Will Ride
Probably Will Ride
*People who have Traveled between the DFW and Houston Metro Areas in the past 12 months.
49% Of Non-Travelers*
*People who have NOT traveled between the DFW and Houston Metro Areas in the past 12 months.
Ridership Forecasts
Millions of Riders
It's About Choice
Travelers Are Desperate For New Transportation Options
Today, more than 90% of journeys between the DFW and Houston Metro areas are made by road, where drive times can range anywhere from 3.5 to 5.5 hours, and – once congestion is factored in – may take significantly longer than anticipated. Along I-45 vehicle counts have increased at a rate of over 6% per year since 2012.
Approximately 1 million journeys are made by air each year with scheduled flight times ranging between 60 – 75 minutes. However, when all stages of the trip (check-in, bag drop, security, etc.) are accounted for, travel by air is not much faster than by road.
of travelers chose to go by road since there is little or no time savings from flying.
Which Is Why
of travelers would consider The Texas train as a viable choice.
IT'S ABOUT TECHNOLOGY
TEXAS' LARGE AND GROWING ECONOMY IS RAPIDLY EMBRACING NEW MOBILITY-AS-A-SERVICE TECHNOLOGIES
There's evidence Texans and other Americans are already leaving their cars. We see this with the increase in adoption rates for "Mobility as a Service" (MaaS) technologies, including rideshare, bikeshare, e-scooters and beyond.
The Texas high-speed train will be part of this tech-enabled transportation network that puts you, the consumer, in charge of your journey, creating smart, integrated, on-demand mobility at your fingertips. MaaS offers travelers custom mobility solutions based on their travel needs, letting consumers tell providers what they want and where they want to go. It's a shift from the traditional model of transportation entities dictating routes and schedules.
And, as ride-hailing options continue to expand, access to and from stations will become easier, even if you don't have your own car. Texans' use of ride-hailing services, such as Uber and Lyft, has been growing steadily. In fact, the proportion of travelers using ride-hailing to travel to and from airports in North Texas and Houston has doubled in only two years! Further, an even greater number of travelers that use ride-hailing services indicated that either they "definitely" or "probably would" travel by the high-speed train on their next journey.
IT'S ABOUT TEXAS
THE TEXAS HIGH-SPEED TRAIN WILL TRANSFORM TRAVEL FOR TEXANS
The high-speed train will provide Texans with a faster, safer, more convenient and reliable alternative to driving or flying. This research has illustrated that the high-speed train will not only save travelers time on their journeys, but Texans are already excited by the prospect of high-speed trains, and say they will make more journeys because of it. For all of these reasons, the high-speed train is set to transform travel in Texas and bring a new high-tech industry to the country and the Lone Star State.


Things That Will Make You Say WOW – Simple Ideas But Totally Genius!
1 | The Most Coolest Wheelchair in The World!
2 | How About A Scooter That Folds Into A Briefcase?
3 | Or A Folding Bicycle?
4 | Those Lights Are Genius!
5 | Left or rRight? Safely Turn Whichever Way You Like.
6 | No More Blind Spot!
7 | Looking For A Keyboard?
8 | The Most Useful Smartphone Case In The World!
9 | Say Goodbye To Power-Banks.
11 | This Is Really Helpful.
12 | That Loads A Huge Amount of Power.
14 | A must have socket.
15 | Why i haven't think of this?
17 | Perfect for those sleepy heads.
18 | Now this is what we called "innovation."
19 | I will definitely try this!
21 | This coffeemaker rocks!
23 | For Those Who Love Touchscreens.
28 | Eating While Driving? No Problem.
29 | Not Your Ordinary Smartphone-Holder.
30 | Always Forgot Where You Put Your Keys? This One Is For You!
32 | No More Teary Eyes.
33 | I'll Be Spending More Time In The Shower If I Have This.
34 | Woah A Folding Shower Bath.
35 | Love Having Breakfast In Bed?
37 | A Sunken Trampoline – Good For Dogs Too!
38 | That's How They Do It – Now I Know.
39 | Best Workstation Ever!


text:
Nantaska—The 'islands' of Nantucket and Alaska
A surprising commonality around tourism and resource extraction
By Crocker Snow Jr.
The tiny northeastern seacoast island of Nantucket, 43 square miles, and the giant, "Upper 49th" state of Alaska, 663,237 square miles, are about as dissimilar as could be. They don't share the same boarding house at all geographically, demographically, economically, and culturally. Yet the two lands, cherished symbols of pristine seascapes, landscapes, and rugged individualism, share some curious similarities. The drive of their peoples, their self-image, and self-conceits are mirror images of each other.
The inhabitants of Nantucket and Alaska—or, as I call them, "Nantaska"—are proud of their "otherness," their lifestyle, hardships, and heavy weather, and of the sentimental place their homelands hold in the minds of many absentee Americans. Many who have planted a stake in one place or the other share the same inner conflict of soaking in the natural beauty while working it to its fullest.
Whether in resource extraction or tourist promotion, similar social tensions characterize the two lands. The push-pull between conservation and exploitation, between preservation and development, are stressers in each place.
"It's being at once removed, of being on the periphery, of being acutely subject to, and daily influenced by the whims of nature," says Nantucket resident Pete Howell, who shed his international banker life 20 years ago for the appeals of island life.
A similar sentiment drove a New Englander north and west. "It was the convergence of migrants and natives when all wanted to be close to the land," recalls Jennifer Johnston of her move from Vermont to Anchorage in 1975, and her range of activity since as a ski instructor, survival trainer, and now a member of the state legislature in Juneau.
It may be more than coincidental that state abbreviations and aeronautical charts show only one capital letter separating Alaska and Nantucket—AK and ACK. Maybe some heavenly scribe or geographer had some of the close connections in mind.
Alaska and Nantucket both come from Indian names.
The former was initially called "Alakshak" by the offshore Aleut islanders, meaning the "Great Country" well across the waters. Nantucket comes from the Wampanoag tribal name of "Nantocke," meaning "in the midst of waters" or "faraway land or island." Both places are separated literally and figuratively from the Mother Ship of the 48 states: Nantucket by 28 briny miles of Nantucket Sound, and Alaska by the 750 miles from its closest U.S. neighbors.
As it happens, it was a very big fish, technically a sea mammal, that first tied these disparate places together.
In 1848, when whaling was still the sine qua non of Nantucket's prosperity, the most intrepid captains pioneered ever farther in search of the prized sperm whales, first around Cape Horn to the Galapagos, Hawaii, and eventually to Alaska. There they encountered Inupiaq hunters in open boats harpooning smaller bowhead whales, mostly to boil and eat for sustenance. The two hunting cultures communicated, cooperated, and intermarried around Barrow, Alaska between the Beaufort and Chukchi seas on the North Slope.
Today, Alaskan natives, having reclaimed the original name of "Utqiagvik," are still allowed to cull some whales, and the descendants of Nantucket families such as Coffin, Leavitt, Cottle, Fischer, Jernigan, Pease, and Tilton still reside there.
Just as stories of the whale were critical to an early "meet and greet" between Nantucketers and Alaskans, so, too, were the parallel patterns discovered by subsequent generations in the 19th and 20th centuries. Resourcefulness and a can- do approach carried on in each place, from the Gold Rush in Alaska to offshore trading and onshore shellfishing in Nantucket.
The special environments prompted the flowering of creative arts. Fine writers like Herman Melville with Moby Dick and Jack London with Call of the Wild depicted the hardships and story-telling lifestyles of each place, and these traditions were carried on by worthies like Margaret Murie, James Michener, and John McPhee highlighting Alaska, and, currently, Nathaniel Philbrick's Nantucket.
FRESH CHALLENGES: CLIMATE CHANGE
Alaska is moved by the heavens and Nantucket by the seas. Each place is experiencing climate change ramifications in ways as visible and extreme as almost anywhere in the world.
Like many coastal communities, "Nantaska" and its inhabitants are affected by the warming and rising seas triggering coastal erosion at an accelerating rate. In Nantucket, climate change was experienced most visibly in 2013 when
the island's famed, 150-year-old Sankaty Lighthouse had to be moved 400 yards inland from the rapidly collapsing bluffs on the island's northeastern headlands. The 500-ton lighthouse was kept intact as it was moved over temporary railroad tracks lubricated by whale oil.
In Alaska, some of the first signs of climate change were seen in animal behavior: polar bears having to swim farther to find seals to hunt on disappearing icecaps, walruses traveling greater distances to find isolated rocky beaches on which to haul out. Such wildlife changes have been harbingers of tilts in Alaska's ecological balances. Along the exposed North Slope, small native villages are slowly succumbing to the sea. Shishmaref and Kivalina on Alaska's Arctic Coast are the poster children for this as their native populations face relocation inland.
As Alaska's ice caps and glaciers thaw and the sea rises, the amplification effect grows. Scientists explain this as "ice-albedo feedback loops," highlighted by diminishing white ice to reflect the sun's rays and more dark seas to absorb them.
This makes the air and the waters warmer still. The melting of permafrost and the escape of methane gas blooms into the atmosphere are happening apace.
FRESH CHALLENGES: TOURISM
Tourism is a critical and ever-growing ingredient for the Nantucket and Alaska economies. Day trippers or vacationers fill the ferries to Nantucket during the summer months, when the island population balloons from 17,000 to 45,000. Creating crowded streets, restaurants and beaches, but also the island's real estate rain-maker, they are welcomed by many in a sighing, roll-your-eyes way.
In the vast areas of Alaska, the tourist effect is less obvious. The mammoth cruise ships that ply the inland seas from Juneau up to Anchorage and parades of RVs heading for Denali Park and beyond, are the most visible symbols of this.
In both places, the hospitality industry represents an ever-larger piece of the economic pie. It is far and away the top moneymaker in Nantucket, and second or third behind only oil and gas, and ahead of mining and fishing, in Alaska, according to the respective chambers of commerce.
So what's to be done about it? One thought of this regular visitor to, and admirer of, each place is to double down on tourism by loudly promoting eco-tourism.
"Nantaska" has no Las Vegas appeal to the visitor. It's not glitzy. Visitors come to experience the scene more than be entertained by it. They buy mementos reflecting what they see and which remind them how they felt about it. Both places could highlight their comparative "beautiful nature" advantage in a more disciplined and fulsome way. Both could nourish ecological, environmental, and educational tourism as their blueprint for the future.
Nantucket and Alaska first connected hunting whales some 230 years ago. Whaling was a bloody business, but it helped provide food, light, and lubrication—and so, like the buffalo, whales were overhunted to near extinction. Happily, needs have changed. In this time of climate change and environmental deterioration, what a worthy goal for "Nantaska" people to connect again, this time aiming for "best of breed" in green and eco-tourism. It could be the tantalizing, hard-to-reach, virtuous feedback loop.
This story was first published in the 2019 Island Journal.
CROCKER SNOW JR., a journalist from Ipswich, Mass., has long visited and observed Nantucket and Alaska through family, friends and as a matter of professional interest. His book Nantaska: the Minnow and the Whale: The Curious Parallel Lives of Nantucket and Alaska, with photography by Brian Adams, was published in June 2018. It is available at independent book stores in both places and via the author: crockersnowjr@earthlink.net.
A view of Nantucket village from the shore.


Very interesting and noteworthy pieces. Two points: I think the backboards are likely original and trimmed as one would expect for parts that were hidden from view. It's also why they were tacked on with nails. Fast and efficient to get the job done and get paid faster.
The halfblind dovetails present a different issue. The truth is that halfblind dovetails do not present much more labor than a through dovetail joint. I think this is a modern notion that has been promoted by craftsmen who don't move past the skillset for making through dovetails and the fetishization for the joint in modern clients' eyes. It's a joint that proves that the piece was made by hand and of real wood, afterall.
No, what's odd is the orientation of the joint. High end casework has the tails on the sides for two reasons. As you point out, this allows the joinery to be completely covered with applied moldings. In this orientation, too, all the fiber of the top are supported by the fibers of the sides. In the above piece, only a percentage of the fiber in the tails are supported. It's a weakness that doesn't hide the joinery, which is the principal reason for the halfblind dovetail. Very odd and I have no possible explanation for this.
The edge butted side panel caught eye and thought maybe it was first as a built inwall cabinet with the sides top and bottom never to be seen,only later converted to free standing.


Around here, breakfast for lunch is a huge hit. I like to make a double batch of pancakes and either refrigerate or freeze the extras, depending on when my kids plan to pack them for lunch. The lunchroom is a social place, and because of that, a fun lunch experience (like eating pancakes with mini maple syrup) is something I can get behind.
This lunch is Top 8 Free, so it has no peanuts, tree nuts, egg, dairy, soy, gluten, fish or shellfish. The pancake recipe is below and though my home is not gluten free or egg free or soy free, these pancakes are the ones we make regularly. Yeah, they're that good. This lunch also features coconut milk yogurt, carrots, dried banana, kiwi, raspberries and a sweet note from me.
Mix the dry ingredients together in a bowl. In a separate bowl, mix together the wet ingredients. Combine the dry and wet ingredients. Add the oil to a frying pan on medium high heat. Spoon in the batter to make the pancake size you desire. When the top bubbles a little, flip them. Fry for another minute or two until done.
We had our family's annual apple picking day yesterday - one of my favorite things to do in early fall. I hadn't realized until yesterday that in the 9 years that we've been doing this, we always go before Columbus Day weekend. Unfortunately for us, pretty much all of the apples on the trees at the orchard where we've been going for years had already been picked! They had giant bins with loads of different apples, separated by variety for latecomers like us.
Frankly, October 12 doesn't seem particularly late in the season and this was a big disappointment for my adventurers who like to wield the heavy apple picker each year and carefully inspect their findings before adding them to our bag. Rather than go straight to the bins, my crew checked out what still remained on the trees and apple-picked the old fashioned way. When we exhausted our on-the-tree options, we headed for the bins.
For the next week or so, it'll be round-the-clock apples. This morning, we began the day with Apple Cinnamon Pancakes and there's enough batter left over for tomorrow morning.
Combine all ingredients in a bowl and mix well, making sure to eliminate flour lumps. Fry with coconut oil or butter and serve with fresh apple chunks for extra apple goodness!
Every August, parents are bombarded with articles, tips and suggestions for healthy kid lunches. Each new school year begins in earnest with balanced, beautiful lunches. We pat ourselves on the back for doing our part to help little minds and bodies grow. But somewhere around November (December if you're lucky), the rut sets in. Whether your children are planning their lunches or it's a parent-led decision in your home, January is the perfect time to infuse your lunchbox routine with some new options and a renewed commitment to healthful meals.


First rinse the cup with hot water. Put a tea-bag in each cup. Pour the just boiled water into the cup and dip the teabags for some time. Your Tea is ready. Add sugar or honey if necessary to taste. Enjoy the Special Organic Black Tea.
Note: Handcrafted In Nepal .Store in a cool dry place, away from direct sunlight.


Another day starting at ten, yet this time it ended around three.
The poor test control board robot that the programmers put together (for the purpose of testing codes) was taken apart. The reason behind this? It was so they could take the command board and integrate it with the robot the mechs had been working on. It can move, now!
The programmers began their real programming today: fixing the code, and actually coding for the robot now, instead of coding for a test robot. They were working on, specifically, a code to move around the Recycling Can Manipulation, Elevation, and Depository System (which they've recently dubbed "Inspector Gadget," for its many features).
The mechs were working on, well, Inspector Gadget, which was a folding mast that could stand straight up, or fold back to stay out of the way. Upon this mast is a large claw that they're going to use to pick up the cans.
I guess all I can really say at this point, with what's been done today, is go go Gadget.
The team Weebly site is written by Darria, and sometimes Kendra. Photos by Willa and team. Mentored by Jen and James.


text:
Q: How to encrypt file using express multer By having these simple few lines of code I've got file saved on server.
router.post('/upload',  upload.single('file'), function(req: Request, res: Response, next: Function) {
    console.log(req.file);
    res.json({ success: true, message: 'Uploaded' });
});

I want to encrypt the file before it is get saved.
Is there any way I can do that?

A: One way for encrypting files is with Buffers using multer's memoryStorage()
and Node.js built-in crypto library.
import multer from 'multer'
import { scryptSync, createCipheriv } from 'crypto'
import { mkdirSync, existsSync, writeFileSync } from 'fs'

const upload = multer({ storage: multer.memoryStorage() })

const encrypt = (buffer) => {
  // More info: https://nodejs.org/api/crypto.html
  const algorithm = 'aes-192-cbc'
  const iv = Buffer.alloc(16, 0)
  const key = scryptSync('super strong password', 'salt', 24)

  const cipher = createCipheriv(algorithm, key, iv)
  return Buffer.concat([cipher.update(buffer), cipher.final()])
}

const saveEncryptedFile = (buffer, filePath) => {
  if (!existsSync(path.dirname(filePath))) {
    mkdirSync(path.dirname(filePath))
  }
  writeFileSync(filePath, encrypt(buffer))
}

router.post('/upload', upload.single('file'), ({ file }, res, next) => {
  saveEncryptedFile(file.buffer, './your-file-path')
})

A: *

*Multer provides a rich set of events which can give you better
control over your file uploads.

Therefore, the order of execution is:

*

*onParseStart

*onFileUploadStart/onFileUploadData...

*onFileUploadComplete

*onParseEnd

*

*for encrypting we can use file-encryptor node module.

So,in your case your encrypting proccess should be in onFileUploadComplete by doing something like this:
    var fs = require('fs');
    var encryptor = require('file-encryptor');
    var key = 'My Super Secret Key';
    app.use(multer({
            onFileUploadComplete: function (file) {
                 console.log(file.fieldname + ' uploaded to  ' + file.path);
             // Encrypt file.
               encryptor.encryptFile(file, 'encryptedFile.dat', key, function(err) {
                  // Encryption complete.remove original file
                   fs.unlink(file);
                         });
                       }
                   }));

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


All bookings for 2017 have a discount for bookings of over 2 weeks.
Casa Uva is a spacious 4 bedroom villa in tranquil surroundings.
The property itself is set in its own private land in the countryside, but less than 3km to Santa Eulalia.
The house itself is impeccably kept, and furnished with your enjoyment and comfort in mind, all in keeping with the original Ibicenco character and unique charm.
The enclosed pool area and open plan kitchen area make this an ideal place for family, friends wanting to relax, or those wanting to get away from it all.
This can sleep up to 10 people (see details below).
Casa Uva is situated in an idyllic peaceful location just on the outskirts of Santa Eulalia and is only a 2.5 km walk or drive. It's secluded, yet accessible location make it ideal for Al fresco dining and quiet nights by the pool, or if it's a night out you're wanting, Eulalia's yacht marina and local promenade hosts a wide variety of bars and restaurants, while a 20 minute drive will take you into the heart of the islands cosmopolitan capital, Ibiza Town where there is never a shortage of things to do or places to visit.
2x Double bedrooms, one of which is spacious enough to have a single bed added so sleeping another person, ideal for a child.
The rental period is Sat to Sat, 14.00 hrs on the day of arrival, until 10:00 on day of departure. This is necessary to allow for the cleaning of such a large property. All linen and towels are provided, Maid Service once a week. The change over day for this property is flexible.


Looks like plenty of emotionally intense scenes will line up in Harry Potter 6. This opus will be cult for sure!
Whoa, the film look more badass and darker than the other 5 installment. Now Good will fight Evil. They're goin' to be more action! Can't wait when HP7 hits teaters.


text:
With MoU, Fast-Growing Grilled Fish Takeaway Restaurant Chain in China Prioritizes BAP
Yexiao Food & Catering Management Co. Ltd., which owns and operates China's Zhuge Legend grilled fish takeaway restaurant chain, is giving priority to seafood originating from Best Aquaculture Practices (BAP)-certified facilities as part of a memorandum of understanding (MoU) that the Qingdao-based company signed with the Global Aquaculture Alliance (now the Global Seafood Alliance) on Aug. 17.
Yexiao Food & Catering's endorsement of BAP — the world's largest and most comprehensive third-party aquaculture certification program, with standards encompassing environmental responsibility, social accountability, animal health and welfare, and food safety — was driven primarily by BAP's food-safety component, as concerns about food safety and sanitation amongst Chinese consumers are growing due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
When sourcing seafood for its restaurants, Yexiao Food & Catering will give priority to suppliers that sources seafood from BAP-certified farms, processing plants, hatcheries and feed mills.
Founded in 2013, Zhuge Legend currently operates more than 70 restaurants concentrated in the northern China. The restaurants have takeaway and in-store dining services.
"Foodservice plays such a major role in driving seafood demand, so it is vital to have leaders in this sector recognize the importance of responsible sourcing policies. We're very excited to start working with Yexiao Food & Catering and commend the company for being a leading grilled fish takeout restaurant chain in northern China," said Steven Hart, GSA's VP of market development.
About Best Aquaculture Practices
Best Aquaculture Practices is a third-party certification program developed by the Global Seafood Alliance, an international, nonprofit trade association headquartered in Portsmouth, N.H., USA, dedicated to advancing environmentally and socially responsible seafood practices through education, advocacy and third-party assurances. Through the development of its Best Aquaculture Practices and Best Seafood Practices certification standards, GSA has become the leading standards-setting organization for seafood.
Yexiao
Yexiao Food & Catering
Yexiao Food & Catering Management Co. Ltd.
Zhuge Legend
Previous Previous post: CAWM West Coast Market Is China's First Food Wholesaler to Endorse BAP
Next Next post: Public Input Sought on New Issue of BAP Hatchery Standard


text:
Pakistan temporarily blocks social media – TechCrunch
Pakistan has temporarily blocked several social media services in the South Asian nation, according to users and a government-issued notice reviewed by TechCrunch.
In an order titled "Complete Blocking of Social Media Platforms," the Pakistani government ordered Pakistan Telecommunication Authority to block social media platforms including Twitter, Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, and Telegram from 11am to 3pm local time (06.00am to 10.00am GMT) Friday.
The move comes as Pakistan looks to crackdown against a violent terrorist group and prevent troublemakers from disrupting Friday prayers congregations following days of violent protests.
Earlier this week Pakistan banned the Islamist group Tehrik-i-Labaik Pakistan after arresting its leader, which prompted protests, according to local media reports.
An entrepreneur based in Pakistan told TechCrunch that even though the order is supposed to expire at 3pm local time, similar past moves by the government suggests that the disruption will likely last for longer.
Though Pakistan, like its neighbor India, has temporarily cut phone calls access in the nation in the past, this is the first time Islamabad has issued a blanket ban on social media in the country.
Pakistan has explored ways to assume more control over content on digital services operating in the country in recent years. Some activists said the country was taking extreme measures without much explanations.
What kind of national emergency we are dealing with that govt banned entire social media temporarily? These arbitrary decisions of blocking and banning have never done any good instead opened ways to blanket bans.
— Nighat Dad (@nighatdad) April 16, 2021
https://techcrunch.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/GettyImages-1228026998.jpg?w=600 0 1920 saujan https://www.fifthwave.news/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Logo.png saujan2021-04-16 08:45:092021-04-16 08:45:09Pakistan temporarily blocks social media – TechCrunch
European stocks inch toward fresh records as Chinese data cheer investors, while...
Central Bank of Turkey to Ban Use of Cryptocurrencies to Purchase Goods amid...


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Seaworld Parks and Entertainment once again say a big "Thank You" with offering their "Waves of Honor" program.
This program is open to Active Military, Activated or Drilling Reservists and National Guardsman. You can receive one free admission to any of the Seaworld/Busch Gardens Parks, this offer is also open to the dependent families of those fine people so long as they have proper ID.
To save time, you can register online for the tickets. Please visit their website for full details and information on collecting your 'Waves of Honor' tickets.
Always Love it when the Parks give something back to the amazing and brave folks who keep us free!


text:
Read Chapter 1 of Fred Skolnik's Novella DEFEAT
Fred Skolnik
Neither first in nor last out, neither out far nor in deep, he held the middle ground in the games boys played. When they chose up sides, Eddie picked Chris and Tommy picked Jay, then Billy, then Jimmy, then Paul, then Ray. When he heard his name it was with a feeling of relief. Relegated to some inconspicuous spot, shunted aside while the true stars took things in hand and shone with their special light, he was nonetheless glad to have played at all and went home dreaming of better days. This consoled him, but it wasn't easy to be himself. Sometimes, when he thought he had something interesting or important to say he'd raise his voice to get people's attention, but no one really listened, and sometimes, sulking and wishing to make his presence felt, at least by his absence, he'd fall behind his friends and linger in the street, but no one really noticed. The only time he really felt a part of things was when they were teasing the wino who sometimes showed up on the block. He knew it was wrong but went along.
John lived in a narrow house with rooms like railroad cars and a little yard in the back blocked off by a slatted wooden fence where his father barbecued steaks from time to time. His father was a factory hand but somehow managed to meet the mortgage payments and the installment payments and the doctor bills and the grocery bills, while his mother kept house in a lackadaisical sort of way, seeming to daydream as she drifted through the rooms, though John could not imagine what she dreamed about. His father, on the other hand, had both feet on the ground and did things with gusto. He ate his meat and potatoes with gusto and drank his beer with gusto and once in a while swatted John with gusto when the boy was out of line. John looked up to his father, thinking he was a real man, and dreamed of being just like him one day.
John had a room upstairs next to his sister's. He was always teasing her and when she ran at him in the narrow hall dodged her artfully as he would have liked to dodge tacklers on a football field. But the moves that worked on her fooled no one at the line of scrimmage. Sometimes, when they were on good terms, he dressed her up in his football helmet and shoulder pads and had her run at him in earnest, calling off signals in a deep-throated, professional way. "On three," he'd say to her, and then: "Down, set, uh-one, uh-two …"
When they got their first TV they watched wrestling mostly and argued about whether it was real or not. Then the baseball games came on and he and his father watched them intently and silently in their small, dark living room. Sometimes a plane coming over their house with its distant drone high up in the summer sky would come over the ballpark too and the camera would pick it up and he would wonder at this unexpected unity and coincidence of things tying him to a larger world. In those years John grew at an average rate. No one could complain about him. He didn't curse much, was polite to his elders and kept his room reasonably clean. But when his parents went out they had a girl babysit and then John got wild, trying to get her to notice him. He was not yet ten but he was already starting to think about girls in an innocent way. He imagined himself being watched from far away. It was that Captain Video thing. There'd be this machine that got into people's houses and you'd be observed in your secret, solitary moments on a screen. So John played for a while at being watched when he was alone. He moved with a certain heaviness as though great things were on his mind, he tried to look grave and pensive, he rubbed his chin and took to carrying a toy gun. He imagined that all the girls in his class were watching him.
Once his father took them to the beach and he watched a girl daintily eating an ice cream pop. First she nibbled off the chocolate coating and then she worked the ice cream into a perfect oval shape. John wanted it but his mother told him he would have to do his own, and he almost cried because he knew he couldn't. Afterwards he looked out at the sea and dreamed about sailing beyond the horizon to some enchanted isle.
His best friend, Jimmy Foyle, lived down the block in a house just like his. Sometimes they would sit on Jimmy's stoop, sometimes on John's, guessing the makes of the cars that came by, or flipping cards on the sidewalk, or shooting marbles in the street. John kept his marbles in a cigar box which he didn't let his sister touch. He kept his baseball cards in the drawer where he kept his more personal things: a pocketknife, a rabbit's foot, a few dollars he'd saved. He used the money mostly to buy the packages of gum that contained the cards, so that he was able to maintain a satisfying balance between income and outgo as it were. Aside from buying baseball cards he used his allowance to go to the movies on Saturdays with Jimmy and some of the other kids. For ten cents you'd get three features, a serial or two and maybe twenty cartoons, not to mention the coming attractions. There too he'd sometimes get wild; but that was rare. Usually he sat perfectly still, enthralled by the exciting world revealing itself on the screen: swashbucklers and ladies in distress, cowboys and Indians, cops and robbers, shining knights doing daring deeds and passing tests to win their true loves' hands. He'd leave these shows in an afterglow.
Jimmy said one day, "When I grow up I'm gonna be rich," and John said, philosophically, "There's lots more important things than being rich," because he'd heard an uncle say it once.
"Like what?" Jimmy said.
John was not prepared with an answer, but he thought and said, "Like being good."
"Like being good?" Jimmy said incredulously. "Boy, you're crazy."
John in fact didn't know what he meant exactly but only in a vague way envisaged some ideal of behavior that corresponded to the gallantry of his movie heroes. It meant standing up for the weak and the poor, fighting injustice, never taking advantage of defenseless women, sacrificing personal interests for a higher good. Thus inspired, John once let his sister keep all of the candy bar their grandmother had brought on a visit, but the thing gnawed at him and in the end he asked her for a piece and they got into the usual fight.
At school John got average marks, but not without an effort. He made the effort because he was afraid of his father, mostly. Recess was his favorite subject, he told one and all, aware that he was making a kind of joke. Nevertheless he knew his multiplication table and when his mother had trouble adding up a bill he'd step in and take charge, the scholar of the house, and she'd give him a hug, which puffed him up with pride, though he'd say, "Aw, Mom, come on," just like the kids on TV. In truth, he was more his father's son. He didn't understand exactly what his father did down there at the plant but imagined it was manly, honorable work and so he found it easy to tell his friends that his father "built things" for a living, which struck him as more important than driving a cab like Jimmy's father or operating an elevator like Ray's. Besides, his father had fought in the War and had a German bayonet in his own secret place, which was not so secret after all. There John found his father's sergeant stripes, discharge papers, German money, cartridge shells and an effort to keep a diary in which the words "she was lovely" emblazoned themselves in his mind. Occasionally his father told the family his war stories. They had liberated a concentration camp and found the Jews there like skeletons, half-dead. "It's too bad they didn't finish the job," John's father said in a low, hard, angry voice. "Niggers" too aroused his ire. There were Negroes and Jews in John's school. As John was afraid of the Negroes, he found it easier to pick on the Jews, who seldom hit back. When he daydreamed now of performing his heroic deeds it was mostly of protecting girls from Negroes and Jews. But it was also true that some of John's prettiest teachers were Jews and then he would daydream about protecting them from the Negroes, so that he was himself assailed by confusion and doubt and had to improvise strange rationalizations to harmonize his secret thoughts. Once, in the park, in a real fight, one of these Negroes knocked a friend of his down and held him on the ground. John came over and stood close by, not sure what to do. When his friend said, "Jump him," John could not and stood there paralyzed.
John sometimes wondered about deeper things: Did God exist? What happened when you died? Dying worried him. The idea that he would die one day was hard to get around, even if he thought of himself as invincible for the time being. He did not envisage an early death. He knew no one who had died. His grandparents were hale and hearty. His father's father ran a saloon and worked out in a gym. Both his grandmothers dyed their hair and played cards all day. Nonetheless he asked his mother if they, his grandparents, were going to die. His mother said, "Not that I know of." John said, "Will they go to heaven?" His mother said, "Search me." Whether or not by design, his mother, in her dry way, often came across as something of a wiseacre, or "tough cookie," as his father called her when he was in one of his rare affectionate moods. At any rate, it was impossible to get a straight answer out of her about anything, assuming she had one to give, so John stopped asking her deep questions.
In junior high school, when he was not yet thirteen, he awoke fully to the opposite sex and he and his friends made a game of touching girls in intimate places with Mrs. Sussman's blackboard pointer in the homeroom class. This got him slapped more than once, but the girls really didn't seem to mind and he would remember that year of awakening as one of the happiest of his life. One evening he and his friends went to see a striptease show. It made him hot and sticky but afterwards he saw one of the girls outside fully and demurely dressed, going home, and the image stayed in his mind the way the plane coming over the baseball stadium had, unfathomable in its incongruous way.
There began a phase now of peeping into women's windows or even surprising his sister. He and Jimmy and a few of the others knew all the places where women undressed carelessly and spent long evenings in patient vigils. A woman preparing herself for bed would make his heart start pumping but best of all was a woman coming out of the shower, pink and scrubbed, and letting her bathrobe or towel fall open. When they were not yet fourteen they all went to the neighborhood whore. The whore lived in a smelly little apartment and when his turn came he couldn't get it up. It was that sticky feeling all over again. She worked on him a little and he came in her hand, not even hard. It was kind of humiliating but it didn't stop him from going back, because he wanted to get it right and have the thing chalked up. Going back like that told him something about himself. Spunk or moxie was what he thought he had. These were the intangible qualities that sometimes made up for whatever else it was you lacked. There were ballplayers who had it and were up there in the majors though it was said they couldn't hit or field or run.
Having gotten the knack of it, he banged the ugly whore a few more times and was also glad to go along with his friends when they half-raped the retarded girl who lived in a basement down the street. You couldn't tell if she wanted it or not. All she did was whimper while he touched her. He was experienced now and could control himself, so he took his time.
John was beginning to think of himself as a man. He had dark hair on his chest and smooth, well-rounded biceps which he admired endlessly in the mirror. John still played ball, but it was less important than before, not the center of a boy's life but marginal to the real concerns of a maturing young man, so that he could laugh off his ineptitude like one of his uncles missing an easy catch in their backyard when they threw a ball around. His real concern was hanging out and trying to pick up girls. John was not especially successful at that either but it was what you did. Of course there was a certain high society from which he was excluded where the best girls went to the best boys: the ballplayers, the streetfighters, the smooth Jews who got the A's and cultivated the social arts. That was the other world. There was a black boy called Moses and a white boy called Alfred the Great and they were the kings of the schoolyard, they had the aura and the presence. He had an idea once of what it might be like when he ran six balls in a game of pool with inexplicable ease.
In the poolroom you got these real lowlife types along with the kids. The working stiffs came in to place their bets at the back of the room. The bums just hung around. A few were married and sometimes their wives would storm into the place and make a scene. Some were real lookers too and you had to wonder what was wrong with these guys, throwing it away. Maybe something was missing in some crucial place. John couldn't figure it.
In the meanwhile there were other girls, even if there was a line outside their doors, and there were parties too where everyone started drinking and things got mixed up and out of hand and you found yourself in some corner pawing a girl you hardly knew and then throwing her down on a pile of coats. These conquests boosted his self-confidence. He thought of himself now as conquering not girls but women. In the summers he worked at a resort and occasionally there were indeed women who made themselves available to him and he was able to assert himself without Jimmy and the others there to steel his nerve. Some were kind of old and he learned to help himself to their purses when it was over without the least of qualms. This was not yet stealing. He stole only a couple of times that year: once from the parents of a girl who invited him to her room, a hundred dollar bill from among many in a half-open drawer; once from an open cash register in one of the shops.
John was restless but he stuck things out and finished high school. The family went out to dinner and John and his father drank to one another's health while his sister drank soda from a straw and looked put out and his mother stared vacantly around the room. His sister was sixteen and starting to get into trouble, as his mother put it. John tried to take her under his wing in a big-brotherly way.
"Still got your cherry?" he asked her one evening in her room.
She looked at him outraged. "That's none of your goddamned business."
"Just trying to be friendly."
"Like fun you are."
"Honest. I know that Willie. They call him Willie Fingers. You know what I mean?"
As much as he felt obliged to protect her, or at least to appear to be protecting her, the effort quickly degenerated into the old teasing.
"Him and his friends probably sit around talking about what a good lay you are."
She got up and threw her pillow at him. John laughed and they pushed each other around a little. He liked to give her breasts a little tweak now and then just to get her dander up. It was all in fun, though, and they usually lived in peace. They should have been closer maybe, but it didn't work out.
Jimmy had a steady girlfriend now. John continued to play the field. Sometimes he thought they might be drifting apart, for a certain sobriety was beginning to creep into Jimmy's manner. John's mother noticed it. "He's gotten so mature," she said. For one thing he wouldn't talk about sex. For another, he worked after school and helped out at home, where there was a whole bunch of kids and they barely made ends meet. His favorite phrase was, "It's a matter of principle." John liked to kid him. "What if you ain't got none?" he'd say.
John spent another summer at the resort. He had access to a great deal of money now and had worked out surefire ways of stealing it, so that when the summer was over he had a real nest egg stashed away. Stealing was nothing to be ashamed of. There was a consensus about that among the staff. Everyone did it.
But this was just a phase, in truth. While he was not ashamed of stealing, he knew deep down that it was wrong and did not intend to make a habit of it, let alone a career. After all, he had his principles too, when all was said and done. John thought of himself, on the whole, as honest. He liked the sobriquet: "Honest John." It gave him a feeling of heft. It was fixed in his mind now that he would be that man of substance known as Honest John, someone you could rely on, someone who always did what was right. But that was for another day.
Read the rest in the full issue.
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Refusal strategies in L1 and L2: a study of Iranian learners of English
2017-02-17T00:06:08Z (GMT) by Babai Shishavan, Homa
Given the international status of English language, it is of prime importance to study how English is used by its non-native speakers as well as investigating whether and how their local cultural norms and conceptualisations affect their communication in English. Therefore, as an attempt to extend research in the realm of EIL, this study aimed at investigating the refusal strategies of Iranian English language learners (N=86) in Persian (L1) and English (L2) as well as examining social and cultural norms associated with this speech act. The study further investigated the similarities and differences between the refusal strategies of the Iranian learners of English and those of a cohort of Anglo-Australian students (N=24) to shed light on possible areas of cross-cultural miscommunication. For the purpose of data collection, English and Persian versions of a DCT were administered. As a novel attempt in studies of cross-cultural pragmatics, social and cultural underpinnings of refusals of Iranian English language learners were also investigated through Focus Group Interviews (FGIs). Both quantitative and qualitative techniques of analysis were employed to analyse the data. The study also examined the impact of different social and situational variables on realisation of refusals. In addition to social status, this study took the age and gender of the interlocutors as well as the degree of imposition present in the situation into account as social and situational variables. The results of the quantitative analysis of the DCT data revealed that the performance of the Iranian participants in English was closely similar to their performance in Persian in terms of using refusal head acts. However, their performance differed significantly in L1 and L2 in terms of frequency of occurrence of supportive move strategies. Despite the differences observed in frequency of occurrence of the supportive move strategies in Persian and English responses of the Iranian group, the most frequently used supportive move strategies were generally the same both in L1 and L2 of this group. Moreover, at times the content of the supportive move strategies used by the Iranian participants in English reflected Persian cultural norms and pragmatic schemas. For example, some instances of 'statements of regret and apology' and 'gratitude/appreciation' used by the Iranian participants to mitigate refusals in L2 instantiated the Persian pragmatic cultural schema of sharmandeghi (being ashamed). Moreover, some of the supportive move strategies in English responses of the Iranian group such as ostensible invitations while refusing an initial invitation, represented the Persian cultural schema of tă'ărof (ritual politeness). The FGI responses also revealed that certain Persian cultural schemas such as tă'ărof and ru-dar-băyesti (state/feeling of distance-out-of-respect) affected the production and interpretation of refusals by the Iranian students both in Persian and English to a large extent. Furthermore, a number of social, situational and personal factors as well as the nature of elicitation acts in response to which refusals were produced were said to influence the choice of refusal strategies. Both similarities and differences were observed in performance of the Iranian and Australian participants with regard to the use of refusal head acts. The Iranian and Australian participants used similar head acts in interaction with older interlocutors, opposite gender interlocutors and those of higher social status. The refusals of the two groups were also similar in situations with a high degree of imposition. However, a significant difference to the degree that could lead to communication breakdown in intercultural settings was observed between the refusals of the Iranian and Australian participants when interacting with interlocutors of the same age, same gender and the same social status. Their performance was also significantly different in situations with a low degree of imposition. The performance of the Iranian participants also differed from that of the Australian participants in terms of the frequency of occurrence of different supportive move strategies while refusing invitations, requests, suggestions and offers. The reasons provided by the two groups for opting out of refusing also showed that while the Iranian group referred to the same reasons for avoiding refusals in their L1 and L2, the Iranian and Australian participants opted out of refusals for different reasons. The findings of the study lent support to the idea that realisation patterns of refusals vary from one language and culture to another. These differences can be a source of miscommunication and misunderstanding in intercultural encounters. This study can be advantageous in helping Persian speakers to develop a deeper understanding of their first language norms. It can also help them gain insight into how their local cultural conceptualisations interact with their use of English. Further, it can be helpful in encouraging them to reflect on their local politeness norms in relation to those of Anglo Australian speakers. The findings of this study can also be beneficial to scholars and practitioners who aim at developing their understanding of cross-cultural differences in pragmatic behaviour.
Speech act English as an international language thesis(doctorate) monash:120548 1959.1/918852 Cross-cultural/Intercultural communication ethesis-20140113-08210 Persian language and culture 2014 Restricted access Refusal strategies


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