PLEASE READ THIS ENTIRE AGREEMENT. IT IS A CONTRACT BETWEEN YOU AND SKIP TRANSPORT, INC. DBA SKIP, ITS PREDECESSORS, SUCCESSORS, AFFILATES AND SUBSIDIIARIES ("SKIP") AND GOVERNS YOUR ACCESS TO AND USE OF ANY AND ALL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES THAT SKIP PROVIDES. ANY AND ALL USE OF SKIP'S PRODUCTS AND SERVICES, INCLUDING ACCESS OF OR USE OF SCOOTERS, OR ACCESS TO THE WEBSITE OR ACCESS TO THE MOBILE APPLICATION, AND/OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE RELATED TO USE OF ITS SCOOTERS, IS EXPRESSLY CONDITIONED UPON YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THESE TERMS, WE WILL BE SORRY TO SEE YOU GO, BUT YOU CANNOT CREATE OR MAINTAIN A SKIP ACCOUNT, AND CANNOT ACCESS OR USE ANY OF SKIP'S SERVICES. IN THAT EVENT, YOUR ONLY REMEDY IS TO IMMEDIATEY STOP USING THE SERVICES, THE WEBSITE, OR THE MOBILE APPLICATION.
SECTION 14 OF THIS AGREEMENT REQUIRES THAT ALL DISPUTES BE RESOVLED INDIVIDUALLY BY BINDING ARBITRATION. IT ALSO INCLUDES A CLASS ACTION WAIVER. SECTION 14, THEREFORE, AFFECTS YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS. READ IT CAREFULLY. YOU HAVE A RIGHT TO OPT-OUT OF THE BINDING ARBITRATION AND CLASS ACTION WAIVER PROVISIONS AS DESCRIBED IN THE "BINDING INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION" SECTION.
SECTION 12 OF THIS AGREEMENT LIMITS SKIP'S LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMS WARRANTIES. IT AFFECTS YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS. READ IT CAREFULLY.
We are Skip Transport, Inc. dba Skip, together with our predecessors, successors, subsidiaries, affiliates and related entities (hereafter "Skip"), and we provide dockless electric scooters for short-trip transportation ("Scooters"), as well as equipment and services that relate to or concern the rental or use of our Scooters. We do this through our website located at http://www.skipscooters.com and through our mobile application ("App"), which may be available through certain third party marketplaces. For ease of reference, we refer to the Skip website and App, including all of the features or services relating to them, the Scooters and any product or service related to the use of the Scooters that we provide to you as the "Skip Services." Skip owns all Skip Services and you do not, by this Agreement or otherwise, acquire any ownership rights in the Scooters or any other Skip Services.
This Agreement governs all aspects of the relationship between you and Skip and expressly includes any and all use of the Skip Services. Before you can use any of the Skip Services, you must agree to all of the terms and conditions set forth in this Skip Terms of Service (the "Agreement"). If you do not agree to all of the terms and conditions set forth herein, you may not use any of the Skip Services. By using the Skip Services, you acknowledge that you have read, understand, and agree to be bound by this Agreement. If you have any questions regarding this Agreement or the Skip Services, please contact Skip at [email protected].
Skip reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to modify this Agreement and any of its terms, and any other documents incorporated by reference herein, at any time. If we do, we will notify you of changes by posting them on the Terms pages on the Skip Services by sending you a message through the Skip App, by SMS if you authorize us to do so, or by any other appropriate means. Amendments will become effective the day they are posted for new users, and thirty (30) days after they are posted on the Skip Website for existing account holders. Any use of Skip Services after the expiration of the thirty (30) day notice period shall constitute your consent to the changes. If you do not agree to the revised Terms, including as amended from time-to-time, we will be sad to see you go, but your only recourse is to stop using the Skip Services.
Access to and use of the Skip Services is available only to individuals who are at least 18 years old and who can form legally binding contracts under applicable law. By accessing or using the Skip Services, you represent and warrant that you are eligible and have the capacity to enter into contracts.
You understand and agree that you are a user of Skip Services, and that you are not a Skip employee, joint venturer, partner, or agent. You acknowledge and agree that Skip does not control, and has no right to control, you or other third parties with whom you may come into contact while using the Skip Services, including but not limited to pedestrians, bikers, other Skip Scooter riders, or other vehicles.
Users may access limited parts of the Skip Services, such as its website, without registering for an account. To access and participate in certain Skip Services, however, including without limitation, to renting, unlocking and locking a Scooter, Users must create a password-protected account (a "Skip Account"). Users may register for a Skip Account using an email address and phone number and creating a secure password, or if we make such features and functionalities available, through certain third party social networking sites by using existing login credentials and passwords for sites such as Facebook or Google (your "TNS Password"). You agree to provide accurate, current, and complete information during the registration process and at all other times when you use the Skip Services. You also agree to update your information at all times to keep it accurate, current, and complete. You are solely responsible for safeguarding your Skip password and, if applicable, your TNS Password. You are also solely responsible for all activity that occurs on your Skip Account, and you agree to notify Skip immediately of any suspected unauthorized use. To the maximum extent allowed by law, Skip is not liable for any losses by any party caused by unauthorized use of your Skip Account. You also agree that: (i) you may register for only one account at any point in time, (ii) Skip Accounts may not be transferred to any other person or entity, and (iii) all rights to your Skip Account terminate upon death. Upon receipt of a certified copy of a death certificate, your Skip Account may be terminated and its contents (if any) permanently deleted.
By creating a Skip Account, you agree that Skip may send you text (SMS) messages and/or email messages as part of the normal business operation and your use of the Skip Services or Skip Services. Such uses include, without limitation, to provide you with information you requested from Skip, to let you know about features, functions, improvements or changes to the Skip Services, or other aspects of your Skip Account. These text (SMS) messages and/or email addresses may be automated or non-automated, and while Skip does not charge you to send or receive such messages, other message and data rates may still apply by your carrier or other provider. You may opt-out of receiving text (SMS) messages and/or email messages from Skip at any time by contacting our team at [email protected] though we may still send you messages that are required for the proper functioning of the Skip Services. If you do not wish to receive any messages from Skip, you must terminate your Skip Account and cease using the Skip Services. You acknowledge that opting out of receiving text (SMS) and/or email messages may impact your use of and ability to fully use the Skip Services.
Subject to your continuing compliance with these Terms, Skip grants you a limited, non-exclusive, revocable, nontransferable, and non-sublicensable license to reproduce and display content (excluding any software source code) solely for your personal and non-commercial use and only in connection with your access to and participation in the Skip Services. You will not use, copy, adapt, modify, prepare derivative works based upon, distribute, license, sell, transfer, publicly display, publicly perform, transmit, stream, broadcast or otherwise exploit the Skip Services or any content contained on the website of App, except as expressly permitted in this Agreement. No licenses or rights are granted to you by implication or otherwise under any intellectual property rights owned or controlled by Skip or its licensors, except for the licenses and rights expressly granted in these Terms.
solicit money from any other user of Skip Services, including any rider.
express or imply that any statements you make are endorsed by Skip without our specific prior written consent.
directly or indirectly, for yourself, other Users or through other persons, conceal the identity, source, or destination of any illegally gained money or products.
use any robot, spider, site search/retrieval application, or other manual or automatic device or process to retrieve, index, "data mine," download, or in any way reproduce or circumvent the navigational structure, presentation, or other data or information displayed or accessible on the Skip website or App, including but not limited to, the location or status of Skip Scooters.
collect user names and/or email addresses of other Skip users or riders by electronic or other means for the purpose of sending unsolicited email or unauthorized framing of or linking to the Skip website or App.
interfere with or disrupt the Skip Services or the servers or networks connected to the Skip Services, including the website and App.
email or otherwise transmit any material that contains software viruses or any other computer code, files or programs designed to interrupt, destroy or limit the functionality of any Skip computer software or hardware or telecommunications equipment.
forge headers or otherwise manipulate identifiers in order to disguise the origin of any information transmitted to or through the Skip Services (either directly or indirectly through use of third party software).
"frame" or "mirror" any part of the Skip Services without Skip's prior written authorization.
use meta tags or code or other devices containing any reference to Skip, the Skip Services (or any of Skip's trademarks, trade names, service marks, logos or slogans) to direct any person to any other website for any purpose.
modify, adapt, sublicense, translate, sell, reverse engineer, decipher, decompile or otherwise disassemble any portion of the Skip Services or any software used on or for the Skip Services, or cause others to do so.
post, use, transmit or distribute, directly or indirectly, (e.g. screen scrape) in any manner or media any content or information obtained from the Skip Services other than solely in connection with your use of the Service in accordance with this Agreement.
Undertake any activity or engage in any conduct that is inconsistent with the business or purpose of the Skip Services, or that is intended to promote or has the effect of engaging in illegal activities, fraud, or that is defamatory, libelous or otherwise objectionable.
Directly or indirectly promote racism, bigotry, hatred or physical harm of any kind against any group or individual.
Directly or indirectly request money from, or otherwise defraud, other Skip Services users.
Engage in any conduct that involves the transmission of "junk mail", "chain letters," or unsolicited mass mailing or "spamming" (or "spimming", "phishing", "trolling" or similar activities) to Skip or Skip users.
Take video, audio, photographs, or images of another Skip user without his or her permission (or in the case of a minor, the minor's legal guardian).
Take any action that may undermine the efficacy or accuracy of reviews or ratings systems maintained by Skip.
Provide instructional information about illegal activities including how to damage Skip property or Scooters or the property of other Skip users.
Impersonate, or otherwise misrepresent affiliation, connection or association with, any person or entity.
Provide information or data you do not have a right to make available under law or under contractual or fiduciary relationships (such as inside information, proprietary and confidential information).
Solicit passwords or personal identifying information for commercial, fraudulent or unlawful purposes from other users or disseminate another person's personal information without his or her permission.
Publicize or promote commercial activities and/or sales such as contests, sweepstakes, barter, advertising, and pyramid schemes, without our prior written consent.
Attempt to indirectly engage in any of the above-listed conduct.
· You are the only authorized rider. You and Skip are the only parties to this Agreement and you are therefore are the only authorized rider of a Scooter that is rented through your account. Permitting another person to use any Skip Scooter or Skip Services obtained through your account is prohibited and constitutes a material breach of this Agreement. You understand and acknowledge that you alone are responsible for complying with the terms of this Agreement and that you alone are responsible for any damage resulting from the use of any Scooter that is rented through your account and/or the breach of any provision of this Agreement.
· You Must Be 18 Years Old. You must be at least 18 years old to use the Skip Services or to ride a Scooter. By entering into this Agreement, you represent and certify that you are at least 18 years old.
· You Must Operate the Scooter Safely. You represent and warrant that you have sufficient knowledge to operate a Scooter safely and that you are physically capable of operating an electric scooter safely without any risk to the health and safety of Yourself or others. By choosing to operate a Scooter, you assume all responsibility and risk for all medical conditions that may interfere with your safe operation of a Scooter and and/or all risk of injuries to Yourself or others. You agree as a condition of accessing Skip Scooters and the Skip Services to confirm that you have viewed and agree to all of the Skip University training materials, including the training cards and other portions of the Skip Services.
· You Must Abide By All Applicable Laws. You represent and warrant that you are familiar with all laws applicable to operating a Scooter, including helmet, traffic laws and other laws, and that you will fully comply with those laws while you are operating, riding, parking and/or charging a Scooter. In certain jurisdictions, You must wear a helmet whether one is made available to you by Skip or not.
· No Guarantee of Availability. Unless we provide reservation services, use of a Scooter or any Skip Services is subject to availability at a given location on a first-come, first-served basis. Due to the nature of the Skip Service, Skip cannot and does not guarantee that Scooters will be available at any given location or at any given time.
· Scooters and Related Equipment are Provided "As-Is." Scooters are provided on an "as-is" basis. You are responsible for inspecting a Scooter and any related materials that Skip provides to you, such as helmets, locks, etc. to ensure that they are in good working condition prior to using them. If you find that any Scooter or related materials are not in good working condition, you must inform Skip promptly via our toll free number, 844-929-2687 or via the Website or our App.
· You must return and secure the Scooter in clean and in good working condition after Your trip. You must notify Skip immediately if a Scooter malfunctions, is damaged or is stolen.
· You Must Inspect the Scooter Prior to Using It. Prior to taking possession of a Scooter, you must inspect the Scooter for evidence of damage and disrepair. If you discover any damage or disrepair, then you must notify Skip immediately to avoid being held responsible for such damage or disrepair. If you fail to report any evidence of damage or disrepair prior to using the Scooter, then you may be liable for the cost of repairing the Scooter. For your own safety, you are prohibited from operating a Scooter if any of the following equipment is not in good working order: throttle, brakes, tires, and lights.
· Responsibility for Charges and Costs. You are responsible for all charges and costs incurred, as well as any damage to the Scooter from the time you activate a Scooter until you the time you return and secure it.
· Traffic Violations. You are responsible for all traffic, moving and parking violations. You must notify Skip of any traffic violations, tickets or fines as soon as reasonably possible, but in any event before a response or payment is required. If you fail to pay a fine and Skip pays it instead, you agree that Skip may obtain reimbursement by charging the payment method that you have on file.
· The foregoing list is not intended to be exhaustive and Skip expressly retains discretion to prohibit any unreasonable, unlawful or inappropriate use of a Scooter.
11.1. Published Fee Schedule. Skip's Rate Schedule, which sets forth the fees and charges associated with our Skip Services, is published on Skip's website at http://www.skipscooters.com/, and is also accessible through the Skip App. The Rate Schedule is incorporated herein by this reference and you agree to pay the published fees and charges. Skip may alter, amend or make changes to the Rate Schedule at any time and will provide notice of such changes on the Skip website and App.
11.2. Payment Services. Skip may restrict the availability of payment services, or any aspect or feature of payment services, to perform maintenance of systems to help ensure the proper functioning of the system or to improve, enhance, modify, suspend or terminate any payment service, or to introduce new or additional services at any time, including through additional third parties. The payment-related services may contain links to certain third-party websites, applications, services or resources ("Third Party Services"). Any Third-Party Services are subject to different terms or conditions and privacy policies created or controlled by those Third-Party providers and not Skip, and you should review them carefully and independently. Skip is not responsible for or liable for the availability, accuracy, reliability or anything related to Third-Party Services, including the content thereon. Links or other access to information of Third-Party Service providers shall not constitute an endorsement by Skip of such providers or their services.
11.3. Compliance with Law. You may not use Skip's payment related services except as authorized by the laws of the United States of America, the laws of the jurisdiction where you reside, and any other applicable laws. Specifically, but not by way of limitation, Skip's payment related services may not be used to send or receive funds or currency into (i) any United States embargoed countries; (ii) to anyone on the United States Treasure Department's list of Specially Designated Nationals or the United States Commerce Department's list of Denied Persons List or Entry List. By agreeing to these Terms, by accessing and/or using the Skip Services, you further represent and warrant that (i) neither you nor the subject of your transaction (e.g., items, goods, products, services, tangible or intangible things) are located in a country that is subject to a United States Government embargo, or that has been designated by the United States Government as a "terrorist supporting" country; and (ii) that you are not listed on any United States Government list of prohibited or restricted parties.
11.4. Payment Processing Services. Payment processing services, which are a key feature of the Skip Services, are currently provided by Stripe, and where applicable, may include money transmission services pursuant to licenses or other regulatory approvals held by Stripe. Payment processing services provided by Stripe are subject to the Stripe Connected Account Agreement, which includes the Stripe Services Agreement. By agreeing to these terms in this Agreement or by accessing, searching or using the Skip Services or your Skip Account, you agree to be bound by the Stripe Connected Account Agreement and the Stripe Services Agreement, as they may be amended or modified from time-to-time by Stripe. Skip's provision of any payment processing services through Stripe is subject to, and conditioned upon, your agreement to provide Skip up-to-date, accurate, and complete information relating to you and your payment instrument(s) and you expressly authorize Skip to share this information and transaction-related information relating to your use of payment related services with Stripe. Skip reserves the right to provide payment processing services through other third party vendors, and if it choose to do so, will provide notice to you via the Skip website, APP, SMS Text Message and/or through another method.
11.5. Payment Methods. Acceptable forms of payment are also published on Skip's Website and in the Mobile Application. You are required to authorize a form of payment that is acceptable to Skip when you create your account and may be asked to provide Skip with a credit card number from a card issuer that Skip accepts, ApplePay, an eCard or other non-credit card option, in order to activate and/or pay for any fees related to the Skip Services. You agree that Skip is authorized to charge your selected payment method for any payments and any other sum that you owe to Skip as a result of your use of a Scooter which includes but is not limited to unreported damage or repairs that are necessary as a result of your use of a Skip Scooter. You further agree that Skip is authorized to seek pre-authorization of any charge to any credit card that you provide as a payment method for using the Services.
11.6. No Refunds. Skip adheres to a strict no refund policy. All published fees and charges are final and nonrefundable.
11.7. Disputed Charges. You agree to notify Skip in writing of any billing dispute within 30 days of the date upon which your credit card is charged. Failure to do so will result in the charge being final, binding and collectable.
11.8. Delinquent Accounts. Any User Account which is delinquent will be suspended or terminated solely at Skip's discretion. Any credit card or other payment method which is rejected may result in suspension or termination of your account in Skip's sole discretion. The User must notify Skip in the event of the credit card or payment method on record being changed, expiring, or being no longer valid and replace it with a valid payment method. Skip may seek third party assistance with unpaid or delinquent accounts if the you do not pay outstanding charges.
THIS SECTION CONTAINS PROVISIONS THAT AFFECT YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS. PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.
You acknowledge and agree that riding a Scooter and use of the Skip Services s is an inherently dangerous activity that involves both obvious and non-obvious risks of physical harm, including the risk of death to you and others, as well as damage to property, and that these types of risks can be unforeseeable and sometimes cannot be avoided. You are solely responsible for any and all injury or damage caused by your use of a Scooter, the Skip Services and/or any related equipment or services that are a part of, relate to or concern your use of a Scooter, regardless of whether the injury or damage is caused to Yourself or to others. You therefore assume full and complete responsibility for your use of a Skip Scooter or the Skip Services and agree that Skip is not responsible for any injury, damage, harm or cost that you cause that is related to or arises out of your use of a Skip Scooter, the Skip Services and/or any equipment or services that are a part of, relate to or concern your use of a Scooter or the Skip Services including damage to the Scooter itself.
You acknowledge and agree that, to the maximum extent permitted by law, the entire risk arising out of your access to and use of the skip services or anything that relates to or concerns your use of a scooter OR THE SKIP SERVICES, remains with you. Neither Skip nor any other party involved in creating, producing, or delivering the Skip services, including the scooters, will be liable for any incidental, special, punitive, exemplary or consequential damages, including lost profits, loss of data or loss of goodwill, service interruption, or the cost of substitute products or services, or for any damages for personal or bodily injury or emotional distress arising out of or in connection with (i) this Agreement; (ii) the use of or inability to use the Skip Services and/or anything that relates to or concerns your use of a scooter; (iii) any communications, interactions or meetings with other USERS or other persons with whom you communicate, interact or meet with as a result of your use of the Skip Services; (iv) any and all uses of the Skip services including the website, mobile Application, products and Services (INCLUDING THE SCOOTERS) and/or (v) Your misconduct or negligent use of the Skip Services INCLUDING THE SCOOTERS, or the negligence oR misconduct of a third party whether based on warranty, contract, tort (including negligence), product liability or any other legal theory, and whether or not Skip has been informed of the possibility of such damage, even if a limited remedy set forth herein is found to have failed of its essential purpose.
In no event will Skip's aggregate liability arising out of, relating to your relationship with skip, this Agreement, Your use of the Skip services or anything relating to or concerning your use of a scooter, exceed the amounts you have paid to Skip in the twelve (12) month period prior to the event giving rise to the liability, or one hundred U.S. dollars (US$100), if no such payment has been made. The limitations of damages set forth above are fundamental elements of the basis of the bargain between Skip and You. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, so the above limitation may not apply to you.
Skip's website and mobile application, ALL OF THE SERVICES, SCOOTERs AND anything relating to your use of a scooter are provided ON "AS-IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE" AND YOU USE THEM SOLELY AT YOUR OWN RISK. SKIP DOES NOT REPRESENT OR WARRANT THE FUNCTIONALITY OF ANY SCOOTER, ANY skip SERVICE OR that any scooter or anything relating to your use of a scooter WILL BE IN GOOD REPAIR OR ERROR-FREE or free from DELAYS, defects, OMISSIONS, INTERRUPTIONS OR INACCURACIES.
TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, SKIP DISCLAIMS ALL EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW FOR LIMITED LIABILITY OR EXCLUSIOn OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES. iF ANY OF THOSE LAWS APPLY TO YOU, THEN SOME OR ALL OF THE ABOVE DISCLAIMERS, EXCLUSIONS OR LIMITATIONS MIGHT NOT APPLY TO YOU AND YOU MIGHT HAVE ADDITIONAL RIGHTS.
12.4. RELEASE OF LIABLITY. You are required to sign a separate "RELEASE OF LIABLITY" as a condition of creating a Skip account and using the skip services. The Release of Liability is incorporated into this Agreement by this reference as if it were set forth fully herein.
12.5. Indemnification. You agree to indemnify and hold Skip, its predecessors, successors, subsidiaries, affiliates, and each of its directors, shareholders, investors, employees and authorized agents harmless from and against all third-party claims arising out of or in any way relating to any injury, illness, death or loss of or damage to property allegedly suffered as a result of your use of the Skip Services including the Scooters or anything that relates to or concerns your use of Skip Services, including the Scooters.
13.1. Term. This Agreement shall be in force until terminated as described below or as otherwise provided in this Agreement.
13.2. Termination by You. You may terminate this Agreement at any time without cause upon one-week written notice to Skip. In order to be effective, your notice of termination must be in writing and sent to Skip by email to [email protected].
A. Without Cause. Skip may terminate this Agreement at any time, without cause, upon one-week written notice to you. Upon termination, your account will be permanently deleted.
B. With Cause. Skip may immediately terminate this Agreement and, consequently, your account, if you have breached any term of this Agreement.
13.4. Return of Property Upon Account Termination. If your account is terminated, you will immediately return any Scooter, or other property of Skip that you have in your possession. You will be charged for the value of any property of Skip that you fail to return as well as all costs (including attorneys' fees and costs) that Skip incurs in attempting to recover its property from you.
13.5. Account Suspension or Termination. Skip may, in its sole discretion, with or without cause, with or without prior notice to you and at any time, decide to limit, block, suspend, deactivate or cancel your Skip Account or your access to the Skip Services in whole or in part. If we exercise our discretion under this Agreement to do so, any or all of the following can occur with or without prior notice or explanation to you: (a) your Account will be deactivated or suspended, your password will be disabled, and you will not be able to access the Skip Services or receive assistance from Skip support teams; and (b) if appropriate in our sole discretion, we may communicate to other Users or third parties that your Account has been terminated, blocked, suspended, deactivated, or cancelled, and why this action has been taken.
14.1. Definition of "Disputes" That Are Subject to Binding Arbitration. The provisions set forth in this Section 14 govern the process for resolving all "Disputes" between you and Skip. For purpose of this Section 14, the term "Dispute" means any dispute, claim, or controversy between you and Skip, regardless of when it accrued, that refers to, relates to or in any way involves your use of a Scooter and/or the Skip Services regardless of whether the Dispute is based in contract, statute, regulation, ordinance, tort (including fraud, misrepresentation, fraudulent inducement, or negligence), or on any other legal or equitable theory. "Dispute" also includes a dispute between you and Skip regarding the validity, enforceability or scope of this "DISPUTE RESOLUTION AND ARBITRATION AGREEMENT " section and you expressly agree that any Dispute regarding the enforceability, validity or scope of this "DISPUTE RESOLUTION AND ARBITRATION AGREEMENT " will be resolved exclusively by the arbitrator and not a court (with the exception of the enforceability of the Class Action Waiver clause below). The term "Dispute" is to be given the broadest possible meaning that will be enforced, encompasses all Disputes regardless of when they accrued and is therefore expressly intended to be retroactive. If you have a Dispute with Skip or any of its officers, directors, employees and/or agents that cannot be resolved through negotiation within the time frame set forth in the "Pre-Arbitration Dispute Resolution" process described below, then you and Skip agree to seek resolution of the Dispute only through final and binding arbitration of that Dispute in accordance with the terms of this Section. Accordingly, by entering into this Agreement, you are expressly agreeing to arbitrate all Disputes and are affirmatively waiving your right to litigate any Dispute in court, except for those matters listed below in the "Exclusions from Arbitration" clause. Arbitration means that the Dispute will be resolved by a neutral arbitrator instead of in a court by a judge or jury.
14.2. Agreement to Arbitrate. You and Skip agree that with the exception of the Class Waiver in Section 14.9 below, any Dispute as defined above shall be settled by final and binding arbitration (the "Arbitration Agreement") by JAMS pursuant to its Streamlined Arbitration rules and Procedures and the JAMS Consumer Minimum Standards which are available on JAMS' website: www.jamsadr.com or by calling JAMS at 1-800-352-5267 and requesting a copy. Note that with the exception of the Class Waiver as set forth below, any issue raised regarding the enforceability, applicability or scope of this Arbitration Agreement is a "Dispute" as defined above and therefore must be resolved by the arbitrator and not a court. Either party may initiate arbitration under JAMS by filling out a form entitled Demand for Arbitration and filing that form with JAMS pursuant to the instructions on their website. The Demand for Arbitration form is available online at www.jamsadr.com. click "ADR Services," then "ADR Forms" to obtain a copy.
14.3. Exceptions to Arbitration Agreement. You and Skip agree that the only claims that are exempt from the final and binding arbitration are: (i) claims related to actual or threatened infringement, misappropriation or violation of a party's copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, patents, or other intellectual property rights; (ii) claims seeking emergency injunctive relief based on exigent circumstances and (iii) matters that fall within the jurisdiction of the applicable small claims court.
14.4. Arbitration Rules and Governing Law. This Arbitration Agreement evidences a transaction in interstate commerce and thus the Federal Arbitration Act governs the interpretation and enforcement of this Section 14, including its procedural rules. To the extent that any provision of the Federal Arbitration Act conflicts in any way with any California substantive or procedural law, the provisions of the Federal Arbitration Act will control. The arbitration will be administered by JAMS in accordance with its Streamlined Arbitration Rules and Procedures and the JAMS Consumer Minimum Standards and/or other JAMS arbitration rules determined to be applicable by JAMS (the "JAMS Rules ") then in effect, except as modified below. The JAMS Rules are available at www.jamsadr.com or by calling JAMS at 1–800–352–5267.
a. Arbitration Hearing/Location. In order to make the arbitration most convenient to you, Skip agrees that any required arbitration hearing may be conducted, at your option, (a) in the county where you reside; (b) in San Francisco County; (c) in any other location to which you and Skip both agree; (d) via phone or video conference; or (e) solely on the submission of documents. Any Demand for Arbitration in which the Claimant demand $75,000 or less shall be a desk arbitration and conducted solely based on the submission of documents to the arbitrator.
b. Attorney's Fees and Costs. If you are the claimant and you are able to demonstrate that paying the JAMS filing fee creates a hardship for you, then Skip agrees to reimburse you for the cost of filing. Skip further agrees to reimburse you for the balance of any initial filing fee required by JAMS in excess of $200 for claims of $75,000 or less, regardless of hardship. You may be entitled to seek an award of attorney fees and expenses if you prevail in arbitration, to the extent provided under applicable law and the JAMS Rules. Unless the arbitrator determines that your claim was frivolous or filed for the purpose of harassment, Skip agrees that it will not seek, and hereby waives all rights it may have under applicable law or the JAMS Rules, to recover attorneys' fees and expenses if it prevails in arbitration.
14.6. Arbitrator's Decision. The arbitrator is required to follow applicable law in rendering his or her decision. The arbitrator is authorized to award declaratory or injunctive relief only on an individual basis and only to the extent necessary to provide relief warranted by the claimant's individual claim when such relief is allowed by law. The arbitrator is not empowered to award any damages prohibited by the parties in this Agreement.
14.7. Confidentiality. You and Skip agree that all proceedings before the arbitrator are to be confidential. This confidentiality provision governs all aspects of the arbitration including documents exchanged and submitted, all testimony, all briefing and all communications made between us or between either of us and the arbitrator. The only exception to this paragraph is court filings necessary to confirm an arbitration order.
14.8. Jury Trial Waiver. You and Skip acknowledge and agree that we are each waiving the right to a trial by jury as to all arbitrable Disputes.
14.9. No Class Actions or Representative Proceedings. You and Skip acknowledge and agree that we are each waiving the right to participate as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class action lawsuit, class-wide arbitration, private attorney-general action, or any other representative or collective proceeding as to all Disputes. Further, unless you and Skip both agree otherwise in writing, the arbitrator may not consolidate more than one party's claims and may not otherwise preside over any form of any class or representative proceeding. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or the JAMS Rules, disputes regarding the revocability, validity or enforceability of the Class Action Waiver may be resolved only by a civil court of competent jurisdiction and not by an arbitrator. In any case in which (1) the dispute is filed as a class, collective or representative action and (2) there is a final judicial determination that all or part of the Class Action Waiver is unenforceable, the class, collective or representative action to that extent must be litigated in a civil court of competent jurisdiction, but the portion of the Class Action Waiver that is enforceable shall be enforced in arbitration.
14.10. Right to Opt-Out of Binding Arbitration and Class Action Waiver. If You do not wish to be bound by the binding arbitration and class action waiver in this Arbitration Agreement, You must send written notice addressed to the Skip Legal Department (Arbitration) within thirty (30) days of the date you accept this Agreement, unless a longer period is required by applicable law. Your written notification must include: (i) your name (ii) your address, (iii) any unique Skip Account Identification such as your user name and (iv) a clear statement that you do not desire to resolve disputes with Skip through arbitration. You must send your notification either by physical mail or by email. If by physical mail, you must send to 501-535 Alabama Street, San Francisco, CA 94110 ATTN: Skip Legal/Arbitration. If you send notification via email, you must send it to [email protected] and your email must contain the words "Arbitration Opt-Out" in the Subject Line.
14.11. Severability. Except for the class action waiver, in the event that any portion of this Arbitration Agreement is deemed illegal or unenforceable, such provision shall be severed and the remainder of the Arbitration Agreement shall be given full force and effect. If the class action waiver is found to be illegal or unenforceable, then the entirety of this Section 14 shall be severed from the Agreement.
14.12. Modifications to this Arbitration Agreement. If Skip changes this Section 14 after the date you last accepted this Agreement (or accepted any subsequent changes to these Terms), you may reject any such change by sending us written notice (including by email) within thirty (30) days of the date such change became effective, as indicated in the "Last Updated" date above or in the date of Skip's email to you notifying you of such change. By rejecting any change, you are agreeing that you will arbitrate any Dispute between you and Skip in accordance with the provisions of the "Dispute Resolution and Arbitration Charger Agreement" section that was in effect of the as of the date you last accepted these Terms.
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By sending Skip any feedback, comments, questions, or suggestions concerning Skip or Skip Services(collectively, "Feedback") you represent and warrant (a) that you have the right to disclose the Feedback, (b) that the Feedback does not violate the rights of any other person or entity, and (c) that your Feedback does not contain the confidential or proprietary information of any third party or parties. By sending us any Feedback, you further (i) agree that we are under no obligation of confidentiality, express or implied, with respect to the Feedback, (ii) acknowledge that we may have something similar to the Feedback already under consideration or in development, (iii) grant us an irrevocable, non-exclusive, royalty-free, perpetual, worldwide license to use, modify, prepare derivative works, publish, distribute, sublicense or otherwise exploit the Feedback, and (iv) irrevocably waive, and cause to be waived, against Skip and its users any claims and assertions of any moral rights contained in such Feedback. This Feedback section shall survive any termination of your Skip Account or termination of the Skip Services, if any.
Any dispute that arises out of or relates to this Agreement or the breach thereof that is not governed by the mandatory arbitration agreement set forth in Section 14, above, shall be governed by the law of the State of California without regard to or application of choice of law principles. The parties hereby consent to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in California for all claims and both parties expressly waive any objections or defense based upon lack of personal jurisdiction or venue. For any action not subject to mandatory arbitration pursuant to Section 14 above, the prevailing party to such dispute shall be entitled to recover its reasonable costs incurred in prosecuting or defending against such dispute, including its reasonable attorneys' fees and experts' fees.
You must provide any notice required in accordance with this Agreement via your Account or the following email address: [email protected], except in cases where this Agreement directs communications to a more specific email address (e.g., arbitration @skipscooters.com). Skip's routine communications regarding the Skip Services and any legal notices will be sent to you either electronically (via your Account, your email address on record or by text message to your mobile device using the number you provided), by United States mail or by courier, except that Skip may give notice of an amendment to the Agreement by posting the notice on the Site, your Account, or by email to the email address on record.
Notwithstanding your determination to opt-out of receiving electronic messages or cease use of the Skip Services, you agree that in the event an incident occurs in which a third party obtains unauthorized access to your personal data provided to Skip, you agree that should Skip become legally obligated to provide notice of such unauthorized access, then Skip may provide such notice to you electronically by using the email address or mobile telephone number provided by you.
This Agreement, and any rights and licenses granted hereunder, may not be transferred or assigned by you, but may be assigned by Skip without restriction. Any assignment attempted to be made by you in violation of this Section shall be void. This Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and permitted successors and assigns. No delay or omission by Skip to exercise any right or power occurring upon any noncompliance or default by you with respect to any of the terms of this Agreement shall impair any such right or power or be construed to be a waiver thereof. A waiver by Skip of any of the covenants, conditions, or agreements to be performed by you shall not be construed to be a waiver of any succeeding breach thereof or of any covenant, condition, or agreement herein contained. Unless stated otherwise, all remedies provided for in this Agreement shall be cumulative and in addition to and not in lieu of any other remedies available to either party at law, in equity, or otherwise. Skip may freely assign this Agreement and all of the policies and other documents incorporated or referenced in it (including all rights, licenses, and obligations under it or them), in whole or in part and without notice.
If any part of this Agreement other than the arbitration provision and class action waiver set forth in Section 14, above, is found invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then if practicable, the parties will substitute a valid provision that most closely approximates the intent and economic effect of the invalid provision(s). If a practicable substitution cannot be made, then the parties agree to sever the invalid provision(s), leaving the remainder of the Agreement in full force and effect.
Neither party will be liable for any delay or failure in performance to the extent the delay or failure is caused by events beyond the party's reasonable control, including, a significant failure of the Internet, fire, flood, acts of God, explosion, war or the engagement of hostilities, strike, embargo, labor dispute, government requirement, civil disturbances, or civil or military authority.
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto regarding the subject matter contained herein and the parties acknowledge that they have not relied on any promise, representation, or warranty, express or implied, that is not contained in this Agreement. Skip is not obligated under any other agreements unless they are in writing and signed by an authorized representative of Skip.
You agree that, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, there shall be no third-party beneficiaries to these terms and conditions contained herein.
16.9. Sections. The section titles in the Terms are for convenience only and have no legal or contractual effect.
16.10. Contact Skip. We are always here to help, and there are many ways to reach us. you can reach the Skip customer support team at 844-929-2687, through email at [email protected], through our website at http://www.skipscooters.com, or through the "report an issue" section of our Mobile App. You can even reach us by snail mail at 501-535 Alabama Street, San Francisco, CA 94110. Rest assured, you've now found the Best Way to Get There!


Whose responsibility is the REScheck report? Rescheck,Manual J, Manual D, Manual S | $79 RESchecks & Manual Js. $79 Any Plan. Any State.
Whose responsibility is the REScheck report?
Constructing a new home that is suitable for its' climate zone, jurisdiction, and building code is essential for everyone involved. The designer, architect, builder, home inspector, and homeowner all have a responsibility to make sure what is proposed to be built is insulated the best it possibly can be. Many times we find at REScheck.info that having a more efficient home does not cost anymore than building an inefficient home. The problem has been that for years, before REScheck energy reporting, people just did not understand how the systems, walls, foundation, windows, doors, and ceiling interacted with each other. At REScheck.info we believe that everyone involved in the project holds responsibility for the REScheck report.
When a designer or architect draws your home they have a responsibility to you to create a structure that works with your local climate zone. Then your builder and subcontractors must install what insulation is shown on the blueprints correctly and according to the manufacturers specifications. The building inspector reviews the REScheck energy report and checks how the actual construction corresponds to it. The homeowner pays for the construction costs including the cost of upgrades when more insulation is necessary. They also collect any credits if the proposed plan shows a home that was over insulated beyond the point where it provide reasonable efficiency gains.
What REScheck.info does as part of this plan is brings everyone together. We complete a total REScheck report that shows each party involved how their portion of the project is important and should be handled. If you need a quarterback for the energy efficiency of your home then REScheck is ready to go in the huddle, call the play, and make good decisions while on the field to make sure everyone in your project wins. If a particular player in your construction project does not want to cooperate with the rest of the team we are also willing to consult, motivate, and help move the project forward in a professional workman like manner.
At REScheck we do not charge the highest dollar amount for our REScheck service, because we are much more efficient in our operations than our competition. We do provide the highest level of customer service, fastest turnaround, most daily FREE consultations, and more RESchecks than any other provider. We know that our service will benefit you and your project so much that you will want to be the one responsible for the REScheck on every construction project you undertake. To give yourself piece of mind that your home is well built, energy efficient, and up to code your answer will be that REScheck.info is reponsible for your REScheck energy report needs on every project.


1Department of Endocrinology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK; 2Department of Radiodiagnosis, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Method: Retrospective case note review of all patients with macroprolactinomas treated with CAB since the drug received a UK licence in 1994. Patients: Sixteen patients (8males, 8 females) with mean age at presentation of 42.3yrs (range 22-72 years) were treated with initial CAB doses ranging from 0.5-1mg/week (median 1mg/week). Results: The most common symptoms in men were headache (75%), visual field defects (63%) and loss of libido (63%). The most common symptoms in women were headache (50%), amenorrhoea (37.5%), oligomenorrhoea (37.5%) and galactorrhoea (38%). Maximum doses of CAB used ranged from 0.5-2 mg/week (median 1mg/week). There were significant falls in mean PRL levels (P < 0.05) with median values of 21704 mu/l (range 1256-821000), 1849 (39-48000), 1323 (39 -33000), 286 (39 - 19800) at start, one month, six months and one year of therapy respectively.PRL normalisation of prolactin level were achieved in 7 patients (43 %) after one year. There was good symptomatic relief with improvement in libido in 3 of 5 patients (60%), 100% restoration of regular menstrual cycles in premenopausal women(n=6), 4 of 5 patients (80%) had resolution of galactorrhoea, 5 of 6 patients (83%) showed improvement in visual fields and 6 of 8 patients (75%) patients were relieved of headache.Fourteen of 16 patients (87.5%) showed at least 25% reduction in tumour size within 6 months of treatment. Conclusion: Primary medical management with cabergoline is a convenient and effective treatment for macroprolactinomas.


Welcome to SitcomsOnline Digest! It hasn't been an incredibly busy week this week, but we do have news of the end of a CBS series (that wasn't completely unexpected), a preview of the next season of Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, and news of new Family Matters DVDs. Let's get going!
It looks like Warner Archive is planning to push Family Matters to completion as quickly as possible, as TVShowsOnDVD.com discovered this week that the sixth season will arrive on DVD on April 12.
Maude - The Complete Fourth Season (DVD, $26.99): Shout! Factory continues the All in the Family spinoff on DVD with this release.
Who to Follow: Rider Strong (Twitter), "Actor. Now director. Sometimes author. Whatever: I make believe for a living."
Claim to Fame: Rider Strong got his start on television in guest roles on series such as Home Improvement, Evening Shade, Empty Nest, and Nurses, as well as a recurring voice on Bobby's World, but it goes without saying that his best known role is that of Shawn Hunter, which he played on the series Boy Meets World. Since then, he has gotten more involved with the independent film scene (rather successfully, it seems), though he did appear on the short-lived WB series Pepper Dennis, and has made appearances on Girl Meets World.


What is Innovation Training with Blue Ocean Strategy?
Blue Ocean Strategy is an innovation methodology that offers a disruptive approach to strategy.
In innovation training, it can help teams think differently by allowing them to create new market spaces and make competitors irrelevant. Developed by INSEAD professors W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne, Blue Ocean Strategy has helped companies succeed by giving them the tools they need to create their own blue oceans of uncontested market space. By using the Blue Ocean Frameworks, a company can innovate with products, services, go-to-market approaches, business processes, or an entire business model.
Is Blue Ocean Strategy Still Relevant?
Why Invest in Innovation Training?


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Назар Синг (; 8. јун 1904 — 21. јун 2015) био је британски суперстогодишњак који је од смрти Мађара Галаија Реже, па до своје смрти био најстарији живи мушкарац у Европи.

Биографија
Синг је по националности Индијац и рођен је у Индији у граду Панџаб, 8. јуна 1904. године за време Британске империје. У Енглеску се преселио око 1964. године. Синг је доживео оба светска рата. За свој 110 рођендан рекао је: Осећам се веома добро и врло срећно и даље се осећам спреман и јак. Молим се Господу да ме одведе. Имам добру породицу иза мене и то је разлог зашто сам тако далеко догурао. Синг је имао 9 деце. Када је то изјавио рекао је: Ја не бих трајао оволико дуго да они мене не гледају. Тајна мојег дугог живота јесте добра породица, добра храна и срећа. Такође је и наручио: Једите здраву храну и брините једни о другима. Породица треба да се брине о својим старешинама. Уређивао је свој врт све до своје 107 године. Синг никада није оперисан, а са 110 година имао је само 1 зуб. Чак није захтевао ни зубну протезу. Имао је две сестре и четири брата и све их је надживео. Венчао се 1932. године за Нарајан Каур коај је такође преминула пре Синга. Од 10 године, помагао је у узгајању шећерне трске, памука, кукуруза, пшенице, чилија, кикирикија, кромпира те пиринача. Све је то узгајао на фарми своје породице. У узрасту од 30 година, он и његов брат Нрањан Синг, отпутовали су у различите делове Индије како би пронашли посао. Нашли су посао на територији данашњег Пакистана, те су тамо градили бункере за војску током Другог светског рата. Након завршетка рата вратили су се назад и радили поново на породичној фарми. Године 1965. су се он и његова жена преселили у Волсол где је радио као радник све до одласка у пензију када се преселио у Сундерланд. Његова супруга Нарајан умрла је 2003. године од срчаног удара у старости од 90 година. Назар је спавао око 10 сати сваки дан и до смрти је живео са својим сином Цаине у Сандерленду.

Преминуо је 21. јуна 2015. године у доби од 111 година и 13 дана. Његова доб није потврђена нити од стране Гинисове књиге рекорда нити од Герентолошке истраживачке заједнице. Након његове смрти, улогу најстаријег мушкарца у Европи преузео је анонимни мушкарац из Енглеске, рођен 30. новембра 1904. године.

Референце

Рођени 1904.
Стогодишњаци
Суперстогодишњаци

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Comptroller General of the Nigerian Immigration, Muhammad Babandede. [Photo credit: YouTube.com]
Interpol commends Nigeria's system of automating, monitoring lost, stolen travel documents – Official
byMojeed Alabi
The Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS) on Tuesday said the successful automation and integration of its system of monitoring stolen and lost travel documents (SLTD) with the INTERPOL's system, means the country is the first to do so in Africa.
In a statement issued on Tuesday and signed by its public relations officer, Sunday James, the NIS said by the feat, Nigeria has been ranked by the France-based international organisation "as Africa's first country to record such success, and 54th among its 194-member nations".
The statement reads in part; "The 150,000 SLTD uploaded records in the INTERPOL database makes Nigeria the first ranking in Africa and 54th in the world according to the INTERPOL POLICE GLOBAL SYSTEM (IPSG) ranking. Nigeria today is the leading first and only African country to have fully automated its Stolen and Lost Travel Documents database."
NIS commended INTERPOL, the Washington-based United States National Central Bureau (USNCB), the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) and the National Central Bureau (NCB) of the Nigerian Police Force, for what it described as their contributions towards achieving the feat.
Commendable feat, benefits
Meanwhile, the comptroller general of the immigration service, Muhammad Babandede, has advised Nigerians against the use of any passport that may have earlier been reported lost or stolen at any of its offices globally.
In a telephone interview with our reporter, Mr Babandede expressed satisfaction with the development.
He said across INTERPOL's 194-member states, "any Nigerian passport that may have been declared missing and registered with the system will be revealed on the spot at any the airports."
The immigration boss said it is regrettable that many would simply report their travelling documents that are still in their custody missing and request for another one to be used for criminal purposes.
ALSO READ: NIS INTERPOL system uploads 150,000 stolen, lost travel documents
He said such is no longer possible with the automated system, and that anyone caught will face the law.
Police deploy 10,000 personnel for Kano LG Poll
Fire guts Nigeria Immigration Service headquarters
79 illegal migrants rescued off Libyan coast – IOM
Trafficking: Immigration rescues 3-week-old baby in Calabar
According to Mr Babandede, "the simple processes that make reproduction of lost or stolen documents possible in Nigeria are being abused by criminally-minded people," who he noted "can decide to change the whole of their names without any cogent reason".
"What reason on earth will make anyone want to change their names completely? Some will say because their father's name is identified with devil or evil, they decided to change their surname to a more religious one. Some will simply say they are tired of their old names. But on a closer look, you would realise that they had committed crimes with their names and want to change their identity. But the law permits them, as long as they provide a court affidavit, among other documents."
Mr Babadande also said the culture that permits women to constantly change their name for reasons of marriage, divorce, among others, has been used by many to perpetrate illegality.
He said these situations are what the new development has come to achieve.
"So by this development, Nigerians are advised to desist from using fake, altered, invalidated, withdrawn, stolen and lost travel documents, since the documents are automatically made available to 194 member countries of INTERPOL. In recent times, some Nigerians have been intercepted in some airports around the world for using passports which they earlier reported lost or stolen," Mr Babandede said.
Be 'offensive', trumpet our achievements, Buhari charges ministers
Insurgency: Gombe pledges provision of basic amenities for IDPs
Mojeed Alabi
NIN: Nigerian govt approves enrollment centre for diplomats
Lagos-Ibadan Expressway ready in December – Director
Buhari mourns death of Abacha's sister
Again, pigeons released by Buhari at Armed Forces remembrance refuse to fly
Court jails tricycle rider caught fighting FRSC operatives
Soldiers kill Benue's 'most wanted criminal,' Gana

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Shame on us for forgetting National Mojito Day (July 11)! We never turn down the opportunity for a cool drink on a hot summer day--especially when it involves mint leaves (YUM!). In honor of yet another boozy holiday, click through for 5 recipes that will quench your thirst and cut out calories.
-Place raspberries, mint leaves, lime juice and sweetener in the bottom of your glass.
-Muddle together so that all your raspberries and mint leaves are crushed, top with ice and pour in your rum and club soda.
-Add a few additional mint leaves and raspberries if desired; garnish with a lime peel. Enjoy!
-Muddle sugar and herbs with a small amount of rum.
-Add remaining rum and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes or up to several hours.
-Strain the herbs out, stir in the lime juice.
-Add sparkling water to taste and serve over ice.
-Juice fresh grapes, orange and lime.
-Mix all ingredients in a cocktail shaker.
-To make the simple syrup, combine the ingredients in sauce pan and bring to a small boil over medium heat while stirring. Once the mixture boils, turn down the heat to low for an additional minute or two. Then remove from heat and let cool for about 20 minutes or until the mixture is at room temperature.
-Add the blueberries, mint, and simple syrup to the cup. Using the back of a wooden spoon or a muddler, muddle the mint leaves and blueberries until the berries have burst and is mixing well with the mint. Add the rum, lime juice, and then throw in some ice. Drop in the rest of the blueberries for garnish and add the club soda. Stir.
-Add a sprig of fresh mint for garnish and enjoy immediately.


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Also Known For : Movie Actor, Television Actor, Theater Actor
Birth Place : Arkabutla, Mississippi, United States of America
Zodiac Sign : Capricorn
James Earl Jones Biography, Life, Interesting Facts
James Earl Jones is an American actor who is probably best known as the voice of Darth Vader from Star Wars and Mufasa in The Lion King.
James Earl Jones was born on 17 January 1931 in Arkabutla, Mississippi. Jones' parents are both African American, but he also has Irish, Cherokee and Choctaw heritage. Jones' mother Ruth née Connolly worked as a maid and a teacher. His father Robert Earl Jones was a boxer, actor, and chauffeur. Robert Earl Jones left the family shortly after James' birth and James was raised by his maternal grandparents, John and Maggie Connolly. Aged five Jones moved to his grandparents' farm in Michigan. The move proved traumatic for the young Jones, and he developed a stutter.
James Earl Jones attended Kaleva-Norman-Dickson High School in Brethren Michigan where he discovered a talent for writing poetry. Jones attended the University of Michigan and studied pre-med. Jones signed up for the Reserve Officer Training Corps. He was a member of the Perishing Rifles and enjoyed the camaraderie of the group immensely. Jones switched from medicine to drama at this time and graduated from the University of Michigan School of Music, Theatre, and Dance in 1955.
Following graduation, Jones was commissioned as a second lieutenant and attended Ranger School and received the Ranger Tab, although he would later claim he washed out of Ranger School. Jones' unit was based in Colorado and led a cold training camp. Jones reached the rank of first lieutenant and was discharged. Following his army discharge, he studied at the American Theatre Wing in New York.
The Ramsdell Theatre in Michigan saw many of James Earl Jones' early stage performances, including his first performance as Othello in the Shakespeare, play Othello in 1955. Jones first film role came in Stanley Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove or: How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb where he played Lt. Lothar Zogg.
James Earl Jones' major acting breakthrough came from The Great White Hope. In 1969 Jones won a Tony Award for his role in the stage version and then made his first starring role in a film in the screen adaption of The Great White Hope in 1970. For his portrayal of the boxer, Jack Jefferson in The Great White Hope Jones became just the second African American to be nominated for the Best Actor Award at the Academy Awards. In 1974 Jones played Lennie Smalls in a Broadway production of Of Mice and Men alongside his estranged father Robert Earl Jones.
In 1977 James Earl Jones assumed his most iconic role for the first time when he provided the voice of Darth Vader in Star Wars: A New Hope. English actor David Prowse played the part of Darth Vader but his accent was deemed unsuitable for the role by director George Lucas. Despite the success of the film Jones insisted that he go uncredited and he was not acknowledged in the credits until 1997. Jones reprised the role of the voice of Darth Vader again in Star Wars Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (1983). Jones also provided the voice of Darth Vader in the animated StarWars Rebels series and the 2016 film Rogue One.
In 1982 Jones played the role of Thulsa Doom in Conan the Barbarian. He also enjoyed huge success for his role in the play Fences in 1987 at the 46th Street Theatre. In 1988 Jones played Eddie Murphy's father, King Jaffe Joffer in Coming to America. 1989 brought about Jones most famous film role when he played Terence Mann in Kevin Costner's Field of Dreams. The 1990s saw Jones perform in many hit films including, the Hunt for Red October, Patriot Games, and The Sandlot. He also lent his voice to Mufasa in The Lion King and as a narrator in Judge Dredd.
James Earl Jones has also continued to appear in major stage productions. In 2005 he performed in a Broadway production of On Golden Pond. He played Big Daddy in 2008 limited Broadway run of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. In 2011 he appeared in Driving Miss Daisy at London's West End. In 2013 he appeared in Much Ado About Nothing at London's Old Vic Theatre. In 2017 it was announced that he would provide the voice of Mufasa in a Disney live-action remake of the Lion King.
Jones has also done TV work, mostly one-off appearances or voice work for famous shows. He has appeared or provided voice work for' The Simpsons, Third Rock From the Sun, Frasier, Big Bang Theory, Two and a Half Men and some other shows. He also played Gabriel Bird, the lead character, in Gabriel'sFire and Pros and Cons which ran for 22 and 12 episodes respectively.
James Earl Jones' most memorable work in film has come through his voiceover work. He provided the voice of the iconic Star Wars' villain Darth Vader in four films to date; A New Hope, Empire Strikes Back, Return of the Jedi and Rogue One. His other iconic voiceover came in the Disney animated film The Lion King where jones provides the voice of Mufasa. His most memorable acting roles were in Field of Dreams and Sandlot.
It his stage work that has brought Jones the most critical acclaim. His portrayal of Othello and his performances in other Shakespearean productions has earned Jones plaudits and awards. Both the Screen and stage versions of The Great White Hope brought Jones widespread fame and recognition of his talents. Jones also provides the taglines for CNN news and CNN international, 'This is CNN' and 'This is CNN International.'
The Great White Hope brought James Earl Jones the most success concerning awards; he won a Tony for his role in the play in 1969. For the 1970 film adaption he was nominated for both a Golden Globe and an Academy Award in the Best Actor category, and he won a Golden Globe for Most Promising Newcomer. In 1987 he won a second Tony for his part in the stage production Fences.
In 1991 James Earl Jones won an Emmy for Lead Actor in a Drama Series for his role in Gabriel's Fire, and he won a second Emmy that year Best Supporting Actor in a Miniseries for By Dawn's EarlyLight. The Screen Actors Guild awarded Jones a lifetime achievement award in 2008. In 2011 Jones was awarded a lifetime achievement Oscar by the Academy.
James Earl Jones has been married twice. His first marriage was to American actress Julienne Marie; the pair met while acting in Othello in 1964 and they married in 1968. However, they divorced in 1972. Jones married his second wife Cecelia Hart in 1982, and the pair had a son, Flynn Earl Jones, Cecelia died in 2016.
Diseases and Disabilities
James Earl Jones developed a stutter when he moved to Michigan as a child and stayed functionally mute for eight years. An English teacher got Jones to practice poetry to improve his speech. It was poetry reading and acting that allowed Jones to overcome his stutter. Jones has also had type 2 diabetes since the 1990s.
Isaak Presley
Tony Sirico
Daryl Sabara
More People From Mississippi
Larry Hoover
Cool Papa Bell
James Bevel
Ruth Brown
Nia Lovelis
Lars Ulrich
Yohan Blake
Jack Lord


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Frederick Exon
Dr Frederick Exon BA DipLib PhD FALIA
Fellowship conferred 1996
Dr Frederick Charles Andrew (Andy) Exon began his association with the library and information profession in Australia when, in 1980, he joined the (then) Western Australian Institute of Technology for the joint positions of Assistant Librarian and Lecturer in the School of Library and Information Studies. In 1984, Dr Exon was appointed to the position of Research and Development Librarian of the WAIT Library (now the Curtin University of Technology Library and Information Service).
Dr Exon has made a significant and sustained contribution to the theory and practice of library and information services both in Australia and internationally. His career is distinguished by his commitment to the development of library and information services and its practitioners. Andy's leadership has taken many forms: he has initiated and conducted several major research projects, initiated and organised meetings and seminars on issues related to theory and practice, participated actively in Australian and international professional associations and published widely. Moreover, he has been a generous and valued mentor of students and professional colleagues throughout his career.
Dr Exon's professional concerns have been the development of theory in library and information studies as the basis for effective practice, and the development of structures for transferring theory into practice. These concerns have driven his professional activities, research and publications and resulted in a coherent body of work from which Dr Exon's outstanding contribution internationally, and to practice in Australia, can be judged.
Dr Exon's international contribution includes his activities as a member of international associations in the field, organisation of meetings, seminars and speaking tours by leading international researchers and practitioners, and research and publication. A corollary of his beliefs in the importance of diffusing theory into practice has been Dr Exon's commitment to the sharing of knowledge about library and information services. He has been active in attending, speaking at and organising meetings, seminars and conferences. He was a co-founder of the International Meeting on Research into Information Science which has held successful meetings coinciding with the annual meeting of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA).
An active member of the ALIA Western Australian Branch since 1981, Dr Exon was a member of the State Library and State Archive Legislation Working Parties, led the Branch's delegation to the State Minister for the Arts to advise on the redrafting of legislation for the State Library, and Convened a Task Force to mount a national Think Tank on Library Statistics. He contributed significantly to the 1990 ALIA Conference held in Perth in his capacity as conference secretary. An active participant, organiser and/or facilitator of ALIA continuing professional development programs, Dr Exon has played an integrating role in many of these activities. His contribution to the profession and the Association is all the more outstanding because, while contributing to ALIA, he has drawn on international sources and professional bodies.
Dr Exon's concern with the development of theory as the basis for effective practice and the development of structures for transferring theory into practice were explored in a compilation of essays by international experts which has since become a textbook in Australia and the United Kingdom. Together with an English colleague, Dr Exon founded a journal to explore the methodological crisis within information research, and a report on the most recent international conference on information research methodology has influenced subsequent research in the field. Dr Exon's research has also examined the effect of the paradigm shift within modern librarianship from passive collection-building to pro-active delivery of access to information sources, and has included the results of the first national survey of Australian document supply traffic - significant for the innovative techniques used, including the production of a training video, and for being the first time that all Australian libraries co-operated in the gathering of data for a research project. Other studies have become a part of the received literature of library performance measurement and Dr Exon's doctoral thesis extended this work with a survey of inter-library loan clients.
The conduct of research and development, including the supervision of higher degree students, has underpinned Dr Exon's contributions to library and information studies. Dr Exon has also been engaged as a consultant on both local and national projects. Many of Dr Exon's consultancies have been undertaken on a voluntary basis, reflecting his view that the results of research and development in library and information studies should be disseminated widely.
Throughout his employment at Curtin University of Technology, Dr Exon has been an active advocate for both the library and information services and for information research. His activities in these areas have helped to promote a positive image of librarians and to raise the status and awareness of the profession within the University. The energy and commitment reflected in Dr Exon's many activities is not limited to formal contribution. He has given his time generously to students and colleagues who have sought information or advice about theory and research, and acted as mentor to many Western Australian librarians who have embarked on research since 1980. His vision and method have informed applied and theoretical library and information research in Western Australia in practical ways and he is held in high regard both nationally and internationally. There is no doubt that Dr Exon has made a significant contribution to the development of library and information services in Australia and is a worthy recipient of the distinction of Fellow of the Australian Library and Information Association.
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Game Day: Nebraska vs. Notre Dame, Part 2
Posted on October 15, 2010 by dbristow
Game Day at Memorial Stadium is a long Nebraska tradition—since 1923, in fact. The cover of the Summer 2010 issue of Nebraska History features the still-under-construction stadium. Though unfinished, the new stadium held a then-Nebraska record crowd of 43,000 as Nebraska played Notre Dame on November 10, 1923. We chose the cover because of an article by historian Russ Crawford in that issue, "Nebraska Football and Michael Oriard's Bowled Over: A Review Essay" (click link and scroll down for an excerpt).
But the magazine cover wasn't big enough to show the entire photo. We used only a portion of the panorama shown here (click to see larger).
NSHS RG2758-102-106
Other details from the photo:
The crowd is overwhelmingly male, but you can spot a few women if you look closely.
Some fans sat in the unfinished upper balcony.
Incidentally, this wasn't even the new stadium's first game. The Cornhuskers had already inaugurated Memorial Stadium by beating Oklahoma 24-0 on October 13, 1923, and the following week played Kansas to a scoreless tie on homecoming.
The players themselves are nearly lost in the sprawling photo.
The November 10 game was a classic. Nebraska upset Notre Dame 14-7. Between 1922 and 1924, Coach Knute Rockne's legendary "Four Horsemen" lost only two games. Both were at Nebraska. The Irish got their revenge in South Bend in 1924, when they pounded the Huskers 34-6 en route to a national championship.
Between 1915 and 1925, Nebraska and Notre Dame played eleven times, with five wins apiece and one tie. It was one of the most heated rivalries in college football.
Then the series ended in strange fashion. These days, Nebraska fans are generally known for being polite to visiting teams. It wasn't always so. Notre Dame returned to Lincoln in 1925, losing to Nebraska 17-0. Details are fuzzy, but strong anti-Catholic sentiment and abuse by fans led Notre Dame to cancel the 1926 game despite Knute Rockne's desire to keep the profitable series going. Nebraska football coach Ernest Bearg said that Notre Dame officials "informed me that the game in Lincoln was played in an atmosphere of hostility and that the klan spirit was apparently dominant in Lincoln."
This wasn't empty talk. The Ku Klux Klan had 5,000 members in Lincoln at the time, about 10 percent of the city's population. The organization was not just anti-black; it also hated Catholics and ethnic minorities.
For his part, Coach Bearg blamed the decision on "disgruntled gamblers in South Bend" who were tired of losing their money. Either way, Nebraska and Notre Dame did not play each other again for twenty-two years.
—David Bristow, Associate Director for Research & Publications
See "Game Day: Nebraska vs. Notre Dame, Part 1"
This entry was posted in Nebraska History, Photograph Collection, Publications and tagged football, Lincoln, University of Nebraska. Bookmark the permalink.
Nebraska History Blog


This is truly sad .. that he doesn't NO! And he is my president. That in a nation of almost 200 million people of different tribes that are intellectually gifted, these are the kind of men we input in charge of the governance of our nation. I cry for my country. It is not enough to have PVC.. it is the notion that we have to pick one of the lesser evil speaks volume.
Bunch of uneducated, visionless and old cabals that have driven this nation into the gutters. How any sane person, will afford Buhari a vote or let alone a second term will be a betrayal of justice, peace, equality, and freedom. A man who spent over 80 percent of his current administration in London receiving treatment! Yet he finds it hard to relinquish power. They are not the problem.. we the people are the problem. We are our own worst enemy. And until we emancipate ourselves from this mental slavery, we will keep rotating old cargos with zero vision for the most populous black nation on earth.
"Yeye dey smell" who no know say "ego" is of your own sense. You forgot those that governed and ran us down before Buhari, were high sounding Academics. Perhaps, because some of them majored in Animal Science, you can hardly fault them for mistaking us as their working tools.
Hey dear, you good to go. Whilst i applaud your points, however, i'm tempted to remind you that Nigeria like most of her sister African nations haven't got any intellectual problem. rather, its the bunch of chronically dishonest intellectuals/educated idiots that masquerade as leaders that continue to ruin the entire nation. For the last fifty years, the intellectual class has superintended over our demise with reckless abandon. Was Jonathan an illiterate, or just count me the number of our leaders that are illiterate- i mean all of them not only the president. Lets call spade its name not baboon. its the educated class that needs to have a deep internal conversation with itself to come out and confess its disastrous failure since school ended into the office looting. Stop bastardizing the illiterates who are mere messengers in this saga.
No! We are in a serious mess. Take away sentiments, take away the issue of tribe, religion or even political leaning and let us tell ourselves the bitter truth that President Buhari is medically not fit to go for a second tenure in office. This election is the opportunity the North has to field another Northerner who can continue from where President Buhari stopped. If not, the South West may get another shot at the Presidency on a platter of gold. I love my President no doubt but I can not vote for him in his present state of health. I will be doing him a serious disservice, not only to him but to his family. He has seen it all both in the military and in politics, what else is he looking for that is more important that his alive to enjoy his statesmanship? I am saddened.
So, the SW is your headache ko. President Buhari and his APC chose the VC of the Party, and the Constitution of Nigeria states, the VP shall continue in the event of the disability of the President. The Constitution did not envisage a particular tribe or ethnic colouration, but the VP. That was why Jonathan succeeded despite the manipulations of Ailero and Co. Politics is a game of number and not patriotism.


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Sarn Elenydd / Monks Trod
We're currently working on a new stillfilm tracing the journey between two Cistercian monasteries.
The Monks Trod is the name given to the 25 mile medieval route which travels over the Cambrian Mountains between two Cistercian monasteries, Ystrad Fflur (Strata Florida and Abaty Cwmhir (Abbey Cwmhir) both founded at the end of the 12th-century as daughter monasteries of Whitland in Pembrokeshre.
Ystrad Fflur was originally founded in 1164, before bing moved a couple of miles to its present site in 1184 some 8 miles north of Tregaron. Abaty Cwmhir, 4 miles east of Rhayader, was founded in 1176. Both sites were typical Cistercian locations: in remote valleys with potential for both spiritual and agricultural productivity. However both monasteries exceeded both of these characters, and developed into sites of significant cultural and political focus. Rhys ap Gruffydd (Lord Rhys) and Llewelyn Fawr (Llewelyn the Great) were significant players in the strategic politics of the monasteries and their granges of productivity and influence. These qualities are seen today amongst the atmospheric, powerful ruins: at Ystrad Fflur, the site of the burial of Welsh princes can still be seen, and under the ancient yew tree, is the purported burial site of the powerful medieval poet Dafydd ap Gwilym. The ambition of Abaty Cwmhir can be witnessed today – the 78 metre nave would have been 6 metres longer than the nave in Westminster Abbey; and here is the purported burial site of Prince Llewellyn (1281?)
The Monks Trod provided a significant safe route between the two monasteries: away from the possibilities of robbers in the valleys; a cut and fill path, built with medieval capabilities of horse riders in mind. Drovers were also to use this route.
The 24 mile journey between the two monasteries is now recognised as one of the best-preserved medieval roads in Britain (A. Fleming –Landscapes Vol. 10 number 1 Spring 2009). Less than 10% of the original route now has a tarmac surface.
Contemporary journey – from 900 years ago
The narrative of this stillffilm will be the journey from Abaty Cwmhir at dawn to Ystrad Fflur a dusk.
Leaving Abaty Cwmhir in the east, the journey leaves the long valley of Cwmhir, and heads towards the Marteg valley where the 15th-century longhouse at Gilfach with its rich natural sounds and images provides a dramatic contrast to the textures in the landscape encountered after crossing the river Wye. Still youthful after leaving its source on Pumlumon, 18? miles upstream the crossing of theRiver Wye takes the Trod to the heart of the Eleyndd. This is the wild catchment of the river Elan. The next 9 miles of the journey is one of remarkable horizons – where blanket bog and sky meet in an ethereal wilderness. But also one which is farmed today by descendents of those who have known the landscape for generations. One where Welsh and English language meet. One where the sound of the wind, and larks, lakes and water dominate. And one which having crossed the Claerwen river, there are glimpses of the sea from above the Teifi pools. The descent down Nant Egnant, on its way to join the River Tiefi provides a rich contrast to the previous wilderness.
Reaching Ystrad Flur at the end of the day, the journey ends with the dramatic Norman arch of the monastery framing the night sky. It is a journey through a landscape which has witnessed dramas of welsh history, and one which today deserves recognition for its increasing relevance to today's society.
Copyright © Sarn Cambria, 2011


Montessori Education emphasizes learning through all of the senses, not just listening, watching or reading. Children in Montessori classes learn at their own individual pace, and according to their own choice of activities from hundreds of possibilities. Here's what you need to know about this independent schooling system, and if its right for your child.


Clients now have more musical therapeutic supports available to them at the Fort McMurray Recovery Centre, thanks to a generous donation from the Suncor Energy Foundation to the Northern Lights Health Foundation (NLHF).
The donation allowed the Recovery Centre to purchase two digital pianos for use by clients accessing programs and services at the Alberta Health Services (AHS) facility.
The pianos are the latest instruments to be added to the Recovery Centre's new Music Therapy Program, which includes a guitar, two maracas and a drum.
"Music has the ability to improve our well-being. It can bring a renewed meaning and connection to our lives. We hope that these additions provide positive therapeutic experiences for our clients," says Thomas Kannumkulabil, manager, Addictions and Mental Health, Fort McMurray.
The pianos arrived in late December 2018 and have been set up in the main lobby.
"For clients who don't know how to play the piano, but would like to learn, we have instructional books that cover the very basics that they can use to teach themselves. We also have an assortment of sheet music for clients who are more experienced playing the piano," says Kannumkulabil.
Kannumkulabil says plans for the pianos include introducing structured lessons for clients and providing opportunities for local musicians to perform at the facility.
"Playing the piano is an optional activity at the moment for clients. We also offer a variety of other activities here during a non-programming time, such as board games, art supplies, puzzles, sports equipment, gym equipment, books and DVDs," he notes.
The Fort McMurray Recovery Centre, located at 451 Sakitawaw Trail, offers treatment programs for adults with addiction issues, including a 28-day Residential Treatment Program, two-week Day Treatment Program and Opioid Dependency Clinic.
The Willow Square Continuing Care Centre in Fort McMurray will also receive three digital pianos once it opens in 2020. All five music therapy digital pianos were donated to the Health Foundation through a Suncor Energy Foundation 20th anniversary gift of $20,000.
"The Suncor Energy Foundation is an enduring, thoughtful, and generous donor to the Northern Lights Health Foundation. Together we are working to support AHS in our region to provide great healthcare," explains NLHF Executive Director Cindy Amerongen.
"We're extremely grateful to the Northern Lights Health Foundation and Suncor Energy Foundation. We can't thank them both enough for their generous support," adds Kannumkulabil.
For more information about the Recovery Centre, visit www.albertahealthservices.ca.
Alberta Health Services (AHS) is Canada's first and largest provincewide, fully-integrated health system, responsible for delivering health services to the over four million people living in Alberta, as well as to some residents of Saskatchewan, B.C. and the Northwest Territories. Click here to learn more.


Learn the benefits and challenges of introducing SDN to your network.
The shift to software-defined networking (SDN) is starting to get real. No longer just the flavor of the month in a hype cycle, SDN has graduated from early-adopter to early-mainstream status.
But with all the buzz, it's difficult to cut through the noise and get a clear-eyed explanation of what SDN is, why it's increasingly relevant, and what it means for you. This essential primer boils down the fundamentals of SDN.


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Troops Foil ISWAP's Ambush, Kill 'Several' Fighters
An attack by the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP), has been repelled by troops of 25 brigade, Operation Hadin Kai.
Zagazola Makama, a publication focused on the Lake Chad region, said the incident happened in Komala village along the road leading to Maiduguri from Damboa town, Borno state.
The publication quoted sources saying that the elimination of the ISWAP fighters followed a failed ambush launched on the troops on fighting patrol.
The insurgents were said to have attacked the troops on a Hilux truck, an MRAP, and a number of motorcycles.
But efforts of the air task force and the ground troops led to the troops' successful outing, the publication said.
It said while some were killed during the gun battle, others fled with gun wounds.
"We also succeeded in collecting one Gruntruck, MRAP as well as three motorcycles from the terrorists," the publication quoted the source.
"ISWAP terrorists have continued to suffer a humiliating defeat in the hands of our troops. On January 13, the troops killed several of the terrorists and destroyed their MRAP when they attacked their own troops in Azir.
"The baggers attempted to try their luck on us but God was on our side. The victory is very glaring."
The military has continued to win out on ISWAP and foil a series of their ambush in recent days.
On a similar outing in Azir village on January 13, the same troops of the 25 brigade repelled an attack by ISWAP.
A situation report seen by TheCable showed that the ISWAP fighters attacked a military camp with three mine-resistant ambush-protected (MRAP) vehicles and four gun trucks on Friday evening.
During the battle which was supported by the air component, several insurgents were killed, while three soldiers were severely wounded.
Who Are You Voting To Be Your Next President? (GET IN HERE)


Aaron joined Hede Byrne and Hall in 2004.
Aaron holds a Bachelor of Laws from Queensland University of Technology and was admitted to practice as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Queensland in January 2007.
He also holds a Bachelor of Business (Business Law) and a Graduate Certificate of Commerce from the University of Southern Queensland. He was awarded the 2004 'Lexis Nexis' prize for best graduate of Business Law in 2004 and a Dean's Commendation for creditable performance.
Aaron's primary area of practice includes Franchise Law, Leasing, Commercial and Property Law, and provides assistance to our clients from our Toowoomba and Warwick offices.
Aaron became a Director of Hede Byrne & Hall in July 2009.
Outside of the office, Aaron has a keen involvement in aviation and has particular interest in aerobatics. He is also a member of the Australian Warbird Association.


If you find yourself worrying about stuff, or you're being at all negative about how things may turn out, STOP right now and SWITCH your focus.
Happiness is a state of mind! It sounds cliché, but it's true! If you want to feel happier and more positive then you must focus on something that makes you feel happy and positive! ... Come on, there's always SOMETHING to be happy about!!
Approach your life in this way and your whole demeanor will change, and you'll begin to attract good news, happy circumstances and more positive people.
Remember, even when it's really difficult, that it's always your choice whether you focus on the roses or the manure!


All of the presented models are described in Wiktorowicz et al. 2017. Total simulated stellar mass was 2.9e9 solar masses.
bh/ns for black hole and neutron star accretors, respectively.
e0 is the initial (at ZAMS) eccentricity of the binary.
MTx - stands for non-conservative mass transfer through Roche lobe overflow. "x" indicates the donor: 1-primary, 2-secondary.
SNx - stands for a supernovae explosion.
CEx(a0-b0:a1-b1) - stands for a common envelope events.
"x" indicates the donor star: 1-primary, 2-secondary or 12-both components are donors.
"a0-b0" are integer numbers indicating stellar types (explained below) of the primary-secondary components, respectively, at the start of the CE.
Analogously "a1-b1" indicate stellar types at the outcome of the CE.
For example "CE2(14-2:14-7)" means that a CE was initiated by the secondary component ("CE2"), which was a Hertzsprung gap star ("-2:"), onto the primary, which was a black hole ("14-").
In the outcome, the secondary ejected its hydrogen envelope and became a Wolf-Rayet star ("-7"), while the primary remained a black hole (":14-").
AICtypex indicates an accretion induced core collapse.
"type" describes the compact object to which the progenitor has collapsed and "x" - the relevant component: 1-primary, 2-secondary.
For example "AICNS1" means that the accreting primary star ("1") has collapsed into a neutron star ("NS").