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Visual Factors in Reading
Author: Piers L. Cornelissen & Chris Singleton, Eds. (2007)
Publisher: Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell
Pp. 192 1405-160918 (paper) $34.95 U.S.
Scientific views on reading have remained controversial even after a considerable amount of research in several disciplines. Psychological research on word recognition considers this a process of grapheme to phoneme conversion and most theories assume that reading depends heavily on metalinguistic knowledge and therefore is a language based phenomena. This view gives less importance to visual theories of reading. However recent work in the neuroscience and psychophysics of visual processing suggests that many important aspects of visual word recognition are based on visual processing and that seemingly low level factors exert considerable influence on reading speed and accuracy. This view has serious implications for understanding psychological mechanisms of reading as well as processing limitations, stemming from brain abnormalities, found in visual word recognition in dyslexics.
The book under review is a collection of papers that consolidates evidence on various visual factors that influence visual word recognition - apart from metalinguistic factors. High precision eye tracking has led to a tremendous rise in empirical evidence demonstrating that reading depends on finely manipulating several visual factors. The book has ten chapters apart from a preface.
The researchers writing herein indicate a trend altogether different and sometimes complementary to the existing modelling and theorising used to understand word recognition mechanisms and, most importantly, reading failure in dyslexia. For example, issues like effect of print size and letter position on speed and accuracy of visual word recognition is a novel dimension to research in this area. Some of the papers offer experimental evidence of visual processing effects on word recognition, whereas others show focus on dyslexia. A dyslexic's inability to read has several causes, but a majority of papers in this volume point out how variables like word length, print size and visual stress may offer important clues about dyslexia. Occulomotor performance in dyslexics has been poorly integrated in several popular models of dyslexia and hence papers on dyslexia in this book will offer innovative thinking on this subject.
Reading a word invariably involves fixating letters within it and then acquiring meaning. Several eye tracking studies in different orthographies have found that there is an optimal viewing position. This position depends on word length and is language specific. In their article on optimal viewing position, Brysbaert and Nazir consolidate early empirical work that demonstrates the effect of this privileged position on word recognition. However, the authors note that the optimal viewing effects obtained so far in single-word recognition studies may not explain such phenomena in text processing. Moreover it is possible that this prime position will vary with various psycholinguistic factors of the word, such as frequency of the word, familiarity, lexicality, and context in which that word appears.
Emergence of print awareness in preschool children is the theme of the chapter by Justice et al. Based on a small-sample eye-tracking study the authors argue that print awareness does not develop automatically but needs to be taught explicitly. The chapter informs readers on the link between emerging visual attentional factors and literacy.
Recent developments in psychoacoustic and eye tracking experiments on visual word recognition have revealed important data on hemispheric contributions to reading. Shillcock and McDonald emphasise the importance of hemispheric distribution of labour in reading achievement and its implication for understanding a dyslexic's word-reading deficits. Since it is also known that dyslexics often have abnormal cortical activations, it is but expected that this would result in some form of imbalance between timely division of labour between hemispheres. Lavidor and Bailey in their chapter offer further evidence of hemispheric differences in processing letter strings. In two experiments they show that letter position and number of letters interact in word recognition. Whitney and Cornelissen provide evidence of this letter position constraint in dyslexics through examining SERIOL (Sequential Encoding Regulated by Inputs to Oscillations within Letter units), which offers an integrative model of letter recognition and reading but has shortcomings, for example it does not consider phonological aspects of processing. Though SERIOL offers a very handy and computationally sophisticated account of letter string recognition, considering its special status as a visual object that calls for hemispheric specialisation, it is still not clear how this model would account for contextual effects on word recognition: for example, the effect of the parafoveal words' grammatical or semantic property on the foveal word. Our visual field is highly constrained in terms of the area from which we can acquire information at a time. Maximum information during reading is acquitted from words that are our foveal vision. However, often words that are ahead of the currently fixated word influence fixation time on the current word. This has been termed the effect of the parafovea on the fovea.
Another low level factor that influences word recognition is the shape of a word. Words are visual objects that have contours and as such, all the laws of visual perception apply to them. Beech and Mayall persuasively argue this perspective in their well-written chapter. O'Brien and colleagues explore yet another low level factor: the effect of print size on dyslexia.
Kriss and Evans in their contribution show that the prevalence of Meares-Irlen syndrome (a condition characterised by symptoms of visual stress and visual perceptual distortions) in dyslexia is significantly higher than in control subjects. However, the authors note that so far there are no objective diagnostic tools for this vision disorder. The chapter compares a dyslexic's visual deficits with matching symptoms of other conditions, perhaps suggesting that dyslexic deficits comprise a range, like the autism spectrum.
In their exclusively theoretical chapter Pammer and Vidyasagar suggest that dyslexia may be traced to an integration problem between visual and linguistic inputs. The authors propose a schematic model largely making use of the magnocellular deficit model of dyslexia (Skottun & Skoyles, 2008).
All but one of the papers in this collection were written by experimental researchers, for an interdisciplinary audience, and hence offer a very solid, detailed blend of data and theory. Most researchers and educators who deal with dyslexia and reading on an everyday basis will find important concepts in this book that do not appear in the textbook discussions they normally access, perhaps because of their own theoretical preference, i.e., is dyslexia a visual or a linguistic problem? Perhaps the most important motive behind this collection is to bring the visual and occulomotor, the so-called low level factors, into scientific discussions of visual word recognition and the psychophysical basis of dyslexia.
Cornelissen and Singleton have compiled a very useful selection of chapters for graduate students working on visual processing in reading, psychologists dealing with literacy issues, and anyone with a scientific interest in reading and its dysfunctions. Their book is - and is going to be - a very important reference work on visual word recognition and the visual basis of dyslexia.
Skottun, B. C., & Skoyles, J. R. (2008). Coherent motion, magnocellular sensitivity and the causation of dyslexia. International Journal of Neuroscience, 118(1), 185-190.
Ramesh Kumar Mishra
Allahabad University, India
<rkmishra cbcs.ac.in>
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Langgöns è un comune tedesco di 12.296 abitanti, situato nel land dell'Assia. Si trova a circa 10 km a sud di Gießen e circa 10 km a nord di Butzbach.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Comuni del circondario di Gießen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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CardioFocus treats first patients with HeartLight Endoscopic Ablation System In France
Press releases may be edited for formatting or style | October 29, 2019 Cardiology Endoscopy Operating Room
MARLBOROUGH, Mass., Oct. 29, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- CardioFocus, Inc., a medical device company dedicated to advancing ablation treatment for atrial fibrillation (AFib), announced today that the first patients in France have been treated in the University Public Hospital of Nancy with the HeartLight Endoscopic Ablation System as part of an exclusive distribution partnership with MicroPort® CRM France.
To date, more than 7,000 patients have been successfully treated in the U.S., Europe and Japan, with the HeartLight System. Within Europe, France is one of the three largest markets for AFib ablation technologies.
The HeartLight System is a revolutionary catheter ablation technology for controlled and consistent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), a gold standard treatment for AFib. During PVI with the HeartLight System, laser energy is used to create lines of scar tissue to block the abnormal electrical pathways that cause AFib. In March, the company announced the European CE Mark approval and commercial launch of its third-generation technology, the HeartLight X3 System. This technology builds upon the advanced features of the HeartLight System and offers a unique RAPID mode which leverages a precise motor control system that enables uninterrupted, high-speed, circumferential lesion creation under direct control of the physician resulting in consistently reduced procedure times.
More than 33 million patients worldwide suffer from AFib, an arrhythmia that occurs when the heart's electrical rhythm is disrupted and the heart beats very quickly and chaotically.1 Left untreated, AFib can be serious or even deadly. Patients with AFib are at an increased risk of complications including heart failure and stroke.
"Electrophysiology is a strategic area of development for MicroPort CRM" Said Hervé Mayer, VP sales MicroPort CRM France. "We are pleased to introduce this innovative technology to the French market. The first cases done by Dr. Jean-Marc Sellal, have been very promising and we are very pleased to start a collaboration with the University Public Hospital of Nancy as a training and reference center."
"This new partnership marks an important step in our global expansion strategy and comes at a pivotal time in which the interest in advanced AFib ablation technologies is on the rise," said Omari V. Bouknight, President and Chief Commercial Officer at CardioFocus. "As one the leading medical device companies with a clear focus on addressing irregular heart rhythms, MicroPort CRM is uniquely qualified to deliver this clinically-validated therapy to the patients in France."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" />
<title>js-graph.it homepage</title>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="js-graph-it.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="sf-homepage.css" />

overview

story of this project

getting started

forum

bugs

download

Getting started

The connector

	<html>

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	      .block { position: absolute; }

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	  </head>

	  <body onload="initPageObjects();">

	    <div class="canvas" id="mainCanvas"

	      style="width: 350px; height: 250px; border: 1px solid black;">

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A connector is declared using an html element of any kind. Just for the sake of clarity, I prefer using
div elements because <dfn>js-graph-it</dfn> translates the connector definition element in
a "chain" of div elements.

To declare that our div is a connector, we add the connector css class to it.

Now we have to specify the blocks to be connected. Let's start, adding the id of the source block as a
css class.

Then, add the id of the destination block as a third css class.

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Our home sitting service is concentrated within the Hyndburn and Rossendale area, so that we can ensure your companions get the very best care and attention from our team.
We will consider any request outside of our catchment area , however we may decline. this is because we want to ensure we provide the very best service and are able to dedicate the time to your pet that they deserve and require whilst you are away.


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Home Category History
Happy 927th Birthday Lincoln Cathedral
Happy 927th Birthday to Lincoln Cathedral! The iconic building which was once the tallest in the world continues to stand proud in the city. Bishop Regimus started...
A history of United States government shutdowns
US President Donald Trump's standoff with Democrats over a border wall with Mexico led to the longest-ever government shutdown in history, lasting nearly 35 days. How do government...
Holocaust Remembrance Day 2019: 5 Museums, Memorials Around The U.S. About The Holocaust
Sunday marked the 74th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi-run concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau where more than one million people died or were killed by Nazis. January 27...
The Challenges America Faced at Versailles in 1919 Are the Same the U.S. Faces Today
One hundred years ago Friday, the representatives of 27 nations gathered in the French foreign ministry to open the Paris Peace Conference. The date — January 18 —...
Temple to pre-Hispanic 'Flayed God' unearthed in Mexico
Archaeologists in Mexico have found what is believed to be the first temple dedicated to a pre-Hispanic deity known as Xipe Totec, a god of fertility, war...
Telling the History of the U.S. Through Its Territories
Picture a map of the United States and what do you see? From the two coasts that frame the mental snapshot up to the friendly mitten of...


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Groundbreaking for Altha School Friday
Thursday, February 19. 2015
Governor Scott recommends
second of three years funding
Calhoun County Superintendent of Schools Ralph Yoder announced Monday that Governor Rick Scott has included additional funding for the construction of a new Altha School in his budget recommendation released to the Florida Legislature in advance of the 2015 Legislative Session. Lawmakers return to Tallahassee on March 3 to begin this year's session.
The Florida Department of Education (FDOE) administers the Special Facilities Construction Account program, which is intended to assist small school districts construct educational facilities. The Special facility Construction Account program is governed by Florida Statutes and Rules of the State Board of Education, consequently, the process is very prescriptive.
The initial request for funding from the State of Florida began in early 2013 when FDOE approved the application for funding the Altha School construction project. In August 2013, Superintendent Yoder was accompanied by school board members and district staff in presenting the nearly $24 million request.
In June 2014, Governor Scott approved $7 million to begin the construction process for a new school in Altha. Governor Scott's recent recommendation the Florida Legislature for the second of three years funding was $8.4 million.
In November 2014, the Calhoun County School Board selected Allstate Construction/Southland Contracting as the construction management firm to build the new Altha School.
Superintendent Yoder stated, "We are grateful that Governor Scott recognizes the importance of the Special Facility Construction Account program for small rural school districts. His inclusion of nearly $100 million for Special Facility Construction Projects in 10 small school districts demonstrates his commitment to enhancing educational opportunities for students in rural communities. We will continue to work closely with our legislative delegation to ensure subsequent year's funding is secured to fully fund
and construct the new facility."
Superintendent Yoder, the Calhoun County School Board and Altha Public School Principal Sue Price invite the community to a groundbreaking ceremony at Altha School on Friday, February 20 at 1:00 P.M.


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Official Synopsis for "Wrath of the Titans"
By: | Movie News | March 24, 2011
Production for Wrath of the Titans looks to be getting underway shortly, as Warner Bros. just released the official synopsis for the film, which can be seen below:
"A decade after his heroic defeat of the monstrous Kraken, Perseus (Worthington) – the demigod son of Zeus (Neeson) – is attempting to live a quieter life as a village fisherman and the sole parent to his 10-year old son, Helius.
Meanwhile, a struggle for supremacy rages between the gods and the Titans. Dangerously weakened by humanity's lack of devotion, the gods are losing control of the imprisoned Titans and their ferocious leader, Kronos, father of the long-ruling brothers Zeus, Hades (Fiennes) and Poseidon (Danny Huston). The triumvirate had overthrown their powerful father long ago, leaving him to rot in the gloomy abyss of Tartarus, a dungeon that lies deep within the cavernous underworld.
Perseus cannot ignore his true calling when Hades, along with Zeus' godly son, Ares (Edgar Ramírez), switch loyalty and make a deal with Kronos to capture Zeus. The Titans' strength grows stronger as Zeus' remaining godly powers are siphoned, and hell is unleashed on earth.
Enlisting the help of the warrior Queen Andromeda (Rosamund Pike), Poseidon's demigod son, Argenor (Toby Kebbell), and fallen god Hephaestus (Bill Nighy), Perseus bravely embarks on a treacherous quest into the underworld to rescue Zeus, overthrow the Titans and save mankind."
I'm not personally excited for this one, as Clash of the Titans is one of 2010's worst films. It was promising when director Jonathan Liebesman hopped on board, but then I saw his disastrous action flick Battle: Los Angeles. Rosamund Pike aside, this one sounds wrathful indeed.
How do you feel about Wrath of the Titans?


Led Lamp Spot. 3w outdoor waterproof led flood spot light lamp 12v 85 265v white warm white rgb ebay. par30 35w e27 led spotlight light lamp led spot light e27 led lights dimmable bulb replace metal. power led lamp gu10 led spot powerledlamp ledverlichting. 4w par16 e14 240v led spot lamp spotlight cree leds marc led ltd. led outdoor spot lights bring out the beauty into your home warisan lighting. buy super bright recessed led cob downlight dimmable 5w 7w 9w 12w led spot. china die casting aluminum gu10 mr16 round tilt recessed led spotlight lt1202 china. led downlight spot led super bright recessed led dimmable downlight cob 3w 5w 7w led spot light. e14 e27 gu10 led spot light 2835 lamp sitting room studio cabinet bulb 220v 84f ebay. 3w 5w 7w mr16 spotlight led bulb mr16 led cob light spot light lamp aluminum ac dc 12v home. [Bertlbaumgartner.com].


TAMAR GONZÁLEZ, artista o melhor do mundo Tablao Flamenco, Corral de la Morería.
Her artistic career began at the age of 15 in the companies of Paco Romero, Rafael Aguilar, and José Antonio and his Spanish ballets. Later she was part of the Company of Paco Peña in the show "Art and Passion." Throughout her career she has been part of different companies such as Antonio Marquez, Maria Pagés and Carmen Cortés, among others.


Pure CBD Hemp Oil Energizing Face Toner - 4 oz.
Our All-Natural Pure CBD Hemp Oil Facial Toner is just the pick-me-up your skin needs to feel youthful and energized. Whether used as part of your daily skin regimen or throughout your day to rehydrate and refresh your skin, our hemp oil toner is perfect for both men and women. Guys will also love our toner as an alcohol-free aftershave.
Our Anti-Aging Toner leaves skin looking clear and free of shine, and boosts the effectiveness of your entire skincare regimen. This alcohol-free, restorative toner with Sustainable Hemp Oil replenishes and refreshes your skin and helps refine and close pores. Goji berry provides on-demand nourishment for your skin, while ginseng, angelica, and schisandra fruits are gentle, natural astringents that work together to remove trapped dirt, oil, and dead skin cells which can help reducing the likelihood of breakouts and blackheads.
Between daily your morning and evening facial cleansing and exfoliating, use our hemp facial toner to energize and refresh your skin!


If you are looking for love or have just met someone, this is just that card you want to draw. If you are already in a love relationship, then this card also suggests you are now in a harmony, you must both learn to respect and accept your separateness. Neither should try to impose their expectations on the other.


Intently observing and advancing the institution of sport business.
Nefertiti A. Walker, PhD focuses her research on examining inclusion and exclusion, specifically as it pertains to women in the sports workplace. She researches all facets of sport organizational behavior, including human resource management, staffing inequities, diversity, institutionalization, organizational culture, and power dynamics.
Dr. Walker has achieved double digits in both publications and presentations. Her research has been featured in several publications including the leader in sport management research, Journal of Sport Management. Her national and international presentations are numerous having taken place all across the United States, Canada and Brazil. Additionally, Dr. Walker has enjoyed several media mentions, ranging from TIME Sports to espnW.
Throughout her career, Dr. Walker has taught both graduate and undergraduate courses, doctoral seminars, served on honor student thesis committees, overseen independent studies and has advised both doctoral and undergraduate students. She has taught graduate courses in Sport Policy and Organizational Behavior and Development and undergraduate courses in Introduction to Sport Management and Sport Policy at University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Internationally, Dr. Walker serves (2013-2015) on the Diversity Committee for the North American Society for Sport Management. She was also the Vice President for Inclusion and Social Justice for the National Association for Girls and Women in Sports from 2012- 2014. Locally, she serves as the Color Commentator/Analyst for CBS3 Television Network and UMass Women's Basketball team.
Please see her curriculum vitae for more details.


23 Hundred is a apartment located at 2300 Franklin Pike, Nashville, TN 37204.
Write a Review Have you lived at 2300 Franklin Pike? Tell our community about your experience.
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Watch The RHD-Converted 2023 Ford F-150 Being Tortured In Australia
Ford Australia published footage from the comprehensive durability testing program of the right-hand-drive F-150 that will become available Down Under starting in 2023.
The full-size pickup which has been converted to right-hand-drive by Melbourne-based RMA, went through the same tests as the locally-developed Ranger and Everest, making sure it can withstand the harshest conditions. The truck was exposed to extreme temperatures ranging between -40° and +50° Celsius (-40° and 105° Fahrenheit), going through several water crossing, mud, sand, and corrosion tests. It also towed a 4.5-tonne (9,921 pounds) trailer with a boat on a high-speed oval track which is the limit of its towing capabilities.
Read: The RHD Ford F-150 Will Be Available In Australia In Mid-2023
The driveline, steering, wheels, and suspension components of the RHD F-150 were tested in Ford's Silver Creek Road durability track, and in lab conditions. The latter was made possible thanks to a special Kinematic and Compliance rig at Ford Australia's You Yangs Proving Ground. In total, the truck has traveled more than 135,000 km (83,835 miles) on Australian soil.
Local buyers will have a choice between the XLT and the Lariat trims in 4×4 Crew Cab configuration. There is also the option between the SWB bodystyle with a 145-inch wheelbase and a 5.5-foot bed, or the LWB bodystyle with a 157-inch wheelbase and a larger 6.5-foot bed. All Australian F-150s come fitted with the turbocharged 3.5-liter EcoBoost V6 producing 400 hp (298 kW / 405 PS) and 678 Nm (500 lb-ft) of torque since the V8 won't be available Down Under. Power is transmitted to all four wheels through a 10-speed automatic gearbox.
Ford Australia says that more than 8,000 buyers have already registered their interest for the F-150. Local pricing and detailed technical specifications will be announced closer to the market launch which is expected in mid-2023.
Previous: Kia Seltos Repeats as Kelley Blue Book Best Buy Award Winner
Next: 2023 Kia EV6 GT: High-Velocity Electric Performance : Automotive Addicts


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Jae-Sung Lee (born April 9, 1983 in Seoul, South Korea) is a South Korean professional boxer in the Featherweight division and is the former Korean National Super Bantamweight Champion.

Pro career
On October 7, 2006 Lee beat the veteran Min-Sung Lee to win the Korean National Super Bantamweight Championship.

In May 2009, Jae-Sung lost to an undefeated Mikey Garcia.

In 2011 Jae-Sung scored a major international victory by defeating Japan's Akihiro Matsumoto in just 70 seconds.

Jae-Sung scored his most notable victory in 2014 when he defeated a badly cut Takuya Watanabe in a 12-round decision. The bout, described as a "blood bath" saw Jae-Sung having his shorts covered in blood. In the fight following the Watanabe fight Jae-Sung will travel to Japan to fight Shingo Wake for the OPBF Featherweight title.

References

External links

Featherweight boxers
1983 births
Living people
South Korean male boxers


Some people believe that they deserve good things. Some people believe that they are owed good things. Some people believe that God wants to give them good things, and some people don't believe that they deserve anything good at all. What does God really think about all of this?
The matter actually doesn't come down to deserving or owing. The Word says that God makes the rain to fall on the just and the unjust, whether they deserve it or not.
Whether we do well or evil, God doesn't owe us anything. However, there are benefits and consequences to every choice we make. It all comes down to which kingdom we choose to serve. We can choose to serve God and follow His ways or we can choose to be in agreement with the enemy and his lies. We know God's nature because it is clearly defined in the Word that He is love, and everything that comes from Him brings good fruit as defined in Galatians 5.
This is our measuring stick. We know that if these fruits of His Holy Spirit aren't operating in our lives, there is probably something still lingering from the enemy's kingdom that we need to overcome.
The good news is that, because of the gift that Jesus gave us from the cross when He died for our sins, we now have the power and authority over the enemy and can be delivered from his influence in our lives if we choose to appropriate that gift. Once again, Jesus did not owe us anything, we did not deserve for Him to die for us, but that does not matter, He did it as a free gift to whoever will receive it.
Perhaps it's time that we remove the idea of deserving or owing from our thought pattern. God's Kingdom is not about self at all and the concepts of deserving or being owed are rooted in self-gratification and the measurement of a person's worth or worthiness. Yet everything that God does for us is rooted in a heart of love and compassion towards us and a desire, as a Father, to give His children good things. Not because we're performing perfectly but because of our heart toward Him, and that we've chosen to be His children and to reside in His house.
The truth is, when we choose to accept Jesus as our Lord and Savior and are born again, we are automatically accepted into Father God's family. There's no question.
Any time we choose to believe something that is contrary to how God thinks and His nature, we separate ourselves from Him in that area of our lives. When the enemy has obtained that door point through our agreement with him, he is then able to bring his own type of 'gift' or 'blessing' to us which really is not a good thing at all. The enemy's idea of a good gift is torment, disease and, if possible, death.
Hashimoto's disease is an example of one of these diseases. Hashimoto's disease is actually an autoimmune disease in which a person's immune system deviates from its God created purpose to protect the body against invading microbes and begins to attack the thyroid gland.
This physiological dynamic is actually mirroring what is going on spiritually in the person's heart where they may be attacking themselves and being hard on themselves. Perhaps this person tends to hold a record or wrongs against themselves, they may struggle with forgiving themselves and giving themselves an allowance for failure. When things go wrong around them they may believe that it is their fault or that they deserve it. They may even believe that God is punishing them for something, believing that they are unworthy and unacceptable by God and therefore, cannot receive His love and good gifts. This is all rooted in accusation, especially towards themselves, but possibly also towards God and others. The enemy will bring them to a point of self-loathing, where, even though they may not realize it entirely, there is something within them that is working to eliminate them and finally a spirit of death comes along.
It's important to understand the difference between God's conviction and the enemy's accusation. Accusation will make us one with our sins. It will convince us that because we did or didn't do A, B or C, we are therefore bad and there is no hope for us. It will bring in fear, guilt and shame. It will cement its position with bitterness (in the case of Hashimoto's Disease, especially against themselves). Its ultimate goal is to separate us from God, ourselves and others.
The scripture tells us that it's the goodness of God that leads us to repentance, not accusation, fear, guilt or shame. When we listen to accusation and come into agreement with it, we are actually discrediting the riches of God's goodness. That's why it is so important to understand God's love, compassion and longsuffering towards us (check out Psalm 103).
God's conviction works much differently than accusation. His conviction works by His Holy Spirit as a gentle, still small voice in our hearts that will help us recognize sin or iniquity. It always comes with hope, it never makes us one with the sin, and it provides a way of escape.
We can be assured that if we feel driven, fearful, guilty or shameful, there is a spirit of accusation attached and it is not from God. We have the authority to completely reject those thoughts, to cast them down and then turn to our loving Heavenly Father and ask Him for His perspective.
The mercy is that we don't have to agree with this stuff anymore. We can recognize it and take the way of escape that Father God offers us. He's given us the authority over the enemy and his kingdom and we can come out of agreement with the enemy, cast him down and run back into our Father's house; His place of safety and covering as an accepted, beloved child of God.
God's greatest desire for our life is that we prosper and be in health. He has good things planned for us! He offers us the keys to this throughout scripture. It's our choice whether or not we take those keys and use them and walk out into our freedom.
Once our spirit and soul are healthy and whole, we can truly prosper, and our bodies will line up with that in health and wholeness as well.


1 valid mineral. Regional Geology. This geological map and associated information on rock units at or nearby to the coordinates given for this locality is based on relatively small scale geological maps provided by various national Geological Surveys.
Pilanesberg Platinum Mines (Pty) Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Boynton Investments (Pty) Ltd, was granted a mining right over four properties in the Pilanesberg project area by the South African Department of Minerals and Energy in February 2008.
Mar 07, 2018· Aug 1, 2012 chrome ore will be hauled to Batlhako Mining's nearby Ruighoek Chrome Mine, The Horizon Chrome Mine, operated by Xstrata Alloys, lies rustenburg chrome mine contact details 16 Results Botlhako Mining, Ruighoek Chrome Mine, Rustenburg.
The Pilanesberg (formerly Pilandsberg) is a mountain in the North West Province, South Africa. The mountain is an ancient volcanic structure, circular in shape, that rises from flat surrounding plains.
The land outside Pilanesberg is speckled by infrastructure such as buildings, roads and even a football stadium (upper right). South Africa is the world's leading platinum producer, and a number of mines surround the park – such as the bright area at the top of the image, or square area at the bottom.
Pilanesberg Platinum Mines is an existing opencast mining operation near the Pilanesberg National Park. In addition to t ...End of the details preview.
The Pilanesberg National Park is easily accessible, malaria free, has the Big Five, a great variety of other mammals, birds and plant species, accommodation to suit every taste, conference facilities to name but a few but it is the experience of Africa's natural beauty that has visitors come back for more.
Pilanesberg Platinum Mines (Pty) Ltd was founded in 2002. The Company is involved in the mining of platinum group metals.
The Malaria-free Pilanesberg is in the Bojanala Region of the North West Province, adjacent to Sun City. What to do Activities include game drives or wildlife safaris, either self-driven or guided, game walks and birding.
Pilanesberg National Park, or Pilanesberg Game Reserve as it is often called, is located in the Bojanala Region, within the North West Province and relatively near Johannesburg. With an area of 550km², it is the fourth largest park in South Africa .
Pilanesberg - Open-Pit. Unlock in-depth intelligence about Pilanesberg. As data gatherers for over 30 years, MiningIntelligence is your trusted resource to put critical and timely information at your fingertips.
The Pilanesberg is home to a variety of wild animals and fauna & flora. The Big 5, wild dog, Roan, Tsessebe, Sable antelope and more than 360 species of can be found here. The mountain is an ancient volcanic structure, circular in shape, that rises from flat surrounding plains.
It's purpose is to provide great accommodation deals, news, information and opinion on the Pilanesberg National Park. Images courtesy of South African Tourism and Pilanesberg Game Reserve.
VBKOM has just completed a Risk and Safety Management contract, as well as a strategic closure risk assessment for the shutting down of the Thabazimbi Mine. Sishen Mine HME Filling Station Go Live! VBKOM has been part of Sishen mine's new filling station upgrade project for the past few years.
Pilanesberg Accommodation The Pilanesberg is known as an area in the North West Province of South Africa, made popular thanks to the Pilanesberg Game Reserve and the Sun City Resort entertainment complex.


AMONGST sporting enthusiasts a four-cylinder engine is nearly always popular. There is a certain feeling of power which is quite different from the smooth surge of a "six." Many therefore welcome the tendency, particularly in evidence among this season's models, for increased, production of " big fours."
One of the most notable of these new " big fours" is the 16 h.p. Riley, the engine of which has a bore and stroke of 430.5 x 120 mm., and a capacity of 2,443 ,c.c. An advantage of the four-cylinder engine is its short overall length, and this good-sized power unit is mounted in a chassis with wheelbase Oft. 8 in., and track 4 ft. 3 in.
I myself have owned several Riley models, and was particularly pleased when Bob Porter, well known to many competition drivers, and a member of Messrs. Boon and Porter Ltd., the Riley' distributors of Castelnau, Barnes, S.W.13, offered me a test run in his own "big four" Riley Kestrel saloon.
The car is of the type which makes an enthusiast exclaim at once "If only it had an open body" (at present, unfortunately, there are no open models listed). However, it was pouring with rain when we set out to try the Riley's paces, and one was therefore able to appreciate the benefit of a roof.
order to have the overdrive working one must have a freewheel on the other gears.
8.25 to 1 second, and 5.5 to 1 third, or "traffic top."
With the overdrive engaged, we were cruising down the Kingston By-Pass at about 50 m.p.h., and I asked Bob what one did now if one wanted to change down without slowing to 35 m.p.h. to let the automatic third come in.
extra gear is most useful for acceleration purposes, as when passing other cars. Actually, it is seen, the Riley has five forward gears.
"What speeds can you do on the gears ?" I asked.
places round the circuit, the worst was 86.54 m.p.h. The car was fitted with very mild touring plugs—the compression ratio is only 6.1 to 1—and when this latter speed was recorded, towards the end of the test, I fancy that they were finding life at Brooklands rather strenuous. No pinking, however, was heard at any time.
Having on occasions been with Bob to a number of speed events, I knew that he was something of an expert in rapid gear changes, and for the acceleration figures he took the wheel, and demonstrated just how quickly a lever can be moved from one position to another. What the clutch thought about it I don't know, but certainly some fine times were recorded.
change itself cannot be speeded up, as one has to wait for the mechanism to synchronise itself, and moreover with so high a gear one cannot expect a fierce pickup at the top end of the scale. All the same, even on this high gear the Riley is by no means sluggish, and, unlike the overdrive on certain American cars, it is a gear meant to be used when attaining maximum speeds. 5,000 r.p.m. would be about 105 m.p.h..
off wheels, for an interesting reason. A particular point has always been made of a good steering lock for Riley models, and the "big four" is no exception, having a turning circle of well under 40 ft.
the hills easily except Hustyn. Here wheelspin was experienced, but at a second attempt with tyre pressures lowered-as most actual competitors with ordinary tyres would have done in the first place— no mistake was made.
The Roost was climbed at 26 m.p.h. in first gear right over the "hump."
gives a good view, and the seat backs are high enough and at the right angle to support the whole of the back. A telescopic steering wheel is provided, for drivers of varying heights. Instruments include a separate rev.-counter and clock as well as a speedometer, and the fuel gauge will also, by pressure of a button, register the amount of oil in the sump. The Kestrel saloon costs £415.


Microsoft Project & Portfolio Management helps you thrive in the modern retail workplace. Its robust capabilities enable you to speed up projects like store remodels, while mobile apps support bring-your-own-device strategies.
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First their bank closed - with residents told they would be able to use their post office instead.
But now community leaders in Bawtry say they have been left high and dry after the post office they were told to head to closed just days later.
Now concerned residents are calling for answers, while the town council draws up plans to help those who have been left unable to get to their money.
Royal Bank of Scotland announced its plans to close its Bawtry Market Place Nat West branch last year as part of a programme of closures across the country. It closed at the end of May.
Residents were told they would be able to make deposits and withdrawals from the nearby Post Office in the Today's Local shop on Station Road.
But the following week, the post office counter closed, with a notice outside the shop announcing it.
It stated: "This Post Office branch is temporarily closed.
"As and alternative, you may wish to use the Post Office branches listed below."
It goes on to list branches at Tickhill, Harworth and Rossington.
Doug Cartwright, chairman of Bawtry Residents Group, said: "It's a double whammy, with the bank closure too.
"There was a local campaign when it was announced the bank would shut, but it was a lost battle. It was disappointing, given the size of Bawtry. It has 3,500 residents. But they said people people could pay in at the post office.
"It is so frustrating - we don't know what is happening.
"There are elderly residents who have contacted me who live week to week. We know they're a commercial organisation, but the community needs help."
He has contacted MP Caroline Flint over the issue.
Chairman of Bawtry Town Council, Alan Claypole, said the town council was making plans to help.
He said: "The council has made a decision to ensure that senior residents of the town have access to Post Office Services. We are going to put on transport, and we're trying to sort that out at present."
Doncaster Councillor Rachael Blake has arranged transport from Bawtry to Tickhill Post Office, on a red 16 seat minibus.
This week it picks up outside the closed Post Office in Bawtry on Tuesday at 10.30am, travels to Tickhill Post Office and then returns the residents to Bawtry.
A Post Office spokesperson said: ""We sincerely apologise to customers for any inconvenience caused by the temporary closure of Bawtry Post Office.
"We understand and appreciate how much communities rely on our services. We would like to reassure customers that the decision to suspend services at any of our branches is never taken lightly. We take very seriously any decision to temporarily close a branch, and will only do so when it is warranted.


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Home Entertainment Music
George Harrison's sitar suffered 'unfortunate accident' at the V&A Museum
March 26 2019, 12.37pm
George Harrison (Ron Bell/PA)
George Harrison's sitar was damaged in an "unfortunate accident" at the Victoria & Albert Museum.
Olivia Harrison, widow of the late Beatle, loaned the complex instrument to the famous institution.
A spokeswoman for the museum said that the sitar was repaired following the incident.
Olivia Harrison, widow of George Harrison (Yui Mok/PA)
"In 2016, during preparation for a temporary exhibition an unfortunate accident occurred causing partial damage to a sitar on loan from Olivia Harrison," the V&A said.
"The care and protection of objects entrusted to us is of the utmost importance and we take these matters extremely seriously.
"Following conservation assessment, one of the sitar's gourds was fully repaired in consultation with leading experts, and no permanent damage was sustained.
George Harrison with his sitar (PA)
"The sitar featured in the exhibition which opened in September 2016, alongside a number of other significant objects generously on loan from Mrs Harrison."
Harrison grew fascinated with the sitar, a long-necked string instrument that uses a bulbous gourd for its resonating chamber, and asked Ravi Shankar to teach him to play it properly.
The instrument was adopted by the Beatles in many of the Fab Four's tracks.
The sitar formed part of the V&A's You Say You Want a Revolution? Records and Rebels 1966-70 exhibition, which also featured the original suit worn by Harrison on the cover of the Sgt Pepper album.
Harrison died of cancer in 2001, at the age of 58.
More from The Courier
Sir Ringo Starr features in new music video for George Harrison's My Sweet Lord
George Harrison's son praises positive light of new Beatles documentary
Song featuring George Harrison and Ringo Starr discovered in attic
George Harrison's childhood home to go under the hammer


This year marks the 16th Human Rights Campaign (HRC) North Carolina Gala, and it's happening right here in Raleigh. On February 26th, the Raleigh Convention Center will be home to this annual fund-raising event, bringing together the North Carolina lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender community and their allies for an evening full of gaiety and inspiring calls to action.
Proceeds from the event will benefit the HRC, which is America's largest civil rights organization working to achieve LGBT equality. Chapel Hill Mayor Mark Kleinschmidt will welcome the Gala's guests, and performer and activist Niki Haris will appear as part of the evening's entertainment. This event is a huge celebration of everything the LGBT community has accomplished in the past 10 to 15 years, and you're invited to be a part of the fun. Attendees are encouraged to learn more about the Raleigh area as a GLBT getaway.
You can find opportunities to volunteer or become a table captain and find out more about the cause here. Tickets are discounted for federal club members, major donors and students. This optional black tie/festive attire event is sure to be an evening the community will be talking about long after it has taken place, so buy your tickets now and be a part of something great.


In Zanzibar fishing depends a lot on location! Our boats depart from Nungwi, a fishing village on the north-western tip of Zanzibar Island. Allows you to enjoy some of Africa's best deep sea fishing grounds. Pemba and the famous Pemba Channel are not even a stone's throw away. Large schools of Barracuda, Wahoo, Kingfish and Giant Travelli in the area all year round, and seasonal visits from many other species such as Marlin.


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Opening times for Card Factory in Barnet
Barnet is a store belonging to Card Factory corporation. It is open on: Monday 09:00 - 17:30, Tuesday 09:00 - 17:30, Wednesday 09:00 - 17:30, Thursday 09:00 - 17:30, Friday 09:00 - 17:30. At weekends its opening hours are: on Saturday 09:00 - 17:30, on Sunday 10:00 - 16:00. This shop's address is: Unit 27, The Spires Shopping Centre, Barnet, Barnet, EN5 5XY. In order to contact the customer service directly please call the number 02084 416888. Barnet is visited by many people inhabiting nearby towns like High Barnet, Arkley.
The Spires Shopping Centre
EN5 5XY
Card Factory in Barnet, Unit 17 The Spires (0.00 mile)
Card Factory in Barnet, Unit 17 The Spires Shopping Centre (0.02 mile)
Boots in Barnet, 142 High Street (0.05 mile)
Caffe Nero in London, 128 High St (0.06 mile)
Carphone Warehouse in Barnet, 12 Spires Shopping Centre (0.00 mile)
Clarks in Barnet (0.06 mile)
Costa Coffee in Barnet, The Spires Shopping Centre (0.00 mile)
KFC in Barnet (0.04 mile)
New Look in Barnet (0.00 mile)
Sainsbury's in Barnet, 146 High Street (0.06 mile)
Superdrug in Barnet (0.06 mile)
Waitrose in Barnet (0.00 mile)
Waterstones in Barnet (0.01 mile)
WH Smith in Barnet (0.01 mile)


I know that young men in general do not admit of any enquiry even from their nearest relations into affairs of the heart, but I hope, my dear Reginald, that you will be superior to such as allow nothing for a father's anxiety, and think themselves privileged to refuse him their confidence and slight his advice. You must be sensible that as an only son, and the representative of an ancient family, your conduct in life is most interesting to your connections; and in the very important concern of marriage especially, there is everything at stake—your own happiness, that of your parents, and the credit of your name. I do not suppose that you would deliberately form an absolute engagement of that nature without acquainting your mother and myself, or at least, without being convinced that we should approve of your choice; but I cannot help fearing that you may be drawn in, by the lady who has lately attached you, to a marriage which the whole of your family, far and near, must highly reprobate. Lady Susan's age is itself a material objection, but her want of character is one so much more serious, that the difference of even twelve years becomes in comparison of small amount. Were you not blinded by a sort of fascination, it would be ridiculous in me to repeat the instances of great misconduct on her side so very generally known.
I honestly tell you my sentiments and intentions: I do not wish to work on your fears, but on your sense and affection. It would destroy every comfort of my life to know that you were married to Lady Susan Vernon; it would be the death of that honest pride with which I have hitherto considered my son; I should blush to see him, to hear of him, to think of him. I may perhaps do no good but that of relieving my own mind by this letter, but I felt it my duty to tell you that your partiality for Lady Susan is no secret to your friends, and to warn you against her. I should be glad to hear your reasons for disbelieving Mr. Smith's intelligence; you had no doubt of its authenticity a month ago. If you can give me your assurance of having no design beyond enjoying the conversation of a clever woman for a short period, and of yielding admiration only to her beauty and abilities, without being blinded by them to her faults, you will restore me to happiness ;but, if you cannot do this, explain to me, at least, what has occasioned so great an alteration in your opinion of her.


Ice scraper or deicing spray: This is a must for winter mornings when your van has had chance to frost over. If you run out of deicer, you can make your own using water and a teaspoon of salt, or one part water to three parts vinegar, or one part water to two parts alcohol. Spray your solution of choice onto the windscreen and any windows, and use the scraper to get excess ice and snow off your vehicle.
Shovel: At the top of the list when it comes to sorting out what to keep in your vehicle in winter is a shovel. This is vital, especially if you work somewhere where snow is heavy or tends to drift. A shovel can also be useful for popping grit down if needed.
Winter tyres: Another of our winter vehicle essentials is winter tyres. These use a different type of rubber and have a different tread pattern from normal tyres, which makes them better at handling snow and ice. You can also get fabric covers which you put over your wheels to help them grip in the snow, called snow socks.
Brighter headlamps: Xenon or LED headlamps provide brighter light than halogen bulbs, allowing you to see the road ahead better; they may also last longer. Changing your headlamps may even be a job you can do yourself.
Screen wash: It's a good idea to have a higher concentration of screenwash in winter to stop it freezing.
Torch: You should carry a torch all year round really, along with spare batteries – if you break down, get lost or spring a puncture in the dark, you'll be glad.
Portable phone charger: Because even the best of us sometimes forget to charge our phones before we go out.
Snow brush: If snow falls on your roof, you must clean it off, or it can blow onto the windscreen of the car behind and cause an accident – especially if you're driving at higher speeds. A snow brush with an extendable handle can help you get it all off before setting out.
High visibility jacket: You may well have one as part of your work anyway, but if you don't, it's certainly a sensible thing to carry – it could avert an accident by helping you to be seen.
Blanket: An essential in the event you break down in the cold. It'll help stave off the chill if you have to wait for breakdown recovery.
From winter tyres to Xenon headlamps, if you'd like advice on any of the above, Vanwise Group isn't just the place to go to buy used vans – our in-house technicians carry out servicing and repairs too, so can help with anything you'd like to ask us about. Just give us a call at our Maidstone andHarlow dealership.


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Fundraiser for Turnout (Social Good Fund)
Right now, there is no tool for young activists to efficiently organize. Collaboration between activists, groups, organizations, and campaigns needs to be stronger. Though the youth response to Parkland, for example, was stunning, it could have been more robust and longer lasting if young people had been poised to react and had had the tools to collaborate and spread their agenda over more space and time. Many young people find out about events only by luck, leaving countless more activists who would have attended if there had been a simple method to be informed. Postings about activism are spread across hundreds of websites and there is no simple place to find resources, events and information. The only app that almost all young people use is Snapchat, which is not conducive to organizing. The more informed the young person, the more interested and able they will be to engage. Additionally, political and issue based organizations are missing out on the benefits of cross-fertilization. Furthermore, it is essential for the health of democracy that the gaps in civic engagement close. We will attempt to impact 17.98 million people which is the difference between the 31% of voters 18-29 who turned out in 2018 and the ambitious projection of 60% of voters 18-29 that could turnout in 2020. We believe that there is a unique opportunity to address these challenges, beginning with young people, who have grown up with technology as a constant presence.
Imagine the explosion in civic engagement and organizing that would erupt if more young people were in action. Turnout will pair young people's ambition, diversity, and energy with education and the ability to collaborate with rapid, far reaching communication. Turnout will be a mobile app and information highway for communication between activists, issue and politically based organizations, resources, events and news/content. By engaging more young people, diversity in the electorate will also be expanded because young people ages 18-29 year old have a more diverse demographic than 30 and up. Features of Turnout will include an activity feed, a map of nearby events (crowd sourced) and organizations, resources, group messaging, feedback for activists, and a personalized selection of news articles. Turnout will make it simple to turn online activism into offline activism, revolutionizing the way young activists communicate while facilitating the creation of new coalitions. Turnout will focus on reaching out to diverse and rural communities within the young adult demographic. We want everyone to have equal access to turn up their activism.
Turnout Activism
ABOUT Turnout Activism
We're a new tool for young activists and community organizers. Let's increase turnout together.


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Tag: transient supernova
Astronomers Just Found 72 Stellar Explosions, but Don't Know What's Causing Them
A supernova is one of the most impressive natural phenomena in the Universe. Unfortunately, such events are often brief and transient, temporarily becoming as bright as an entire galaxy and then fading away. But given what these bright explosions – which occur when a star reaches the end of its life cycle – can teach us about the Universe, scientists are naturally very interested in studying them.
Using data from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova (DES-SN) program, a team of astronomers recently detected 72 supernovae, the largest number of events discovered to date. These supernovae were not only very bright, but also very brief – a finding which the team is still struggling to explain. The results of their study were presented on Tuesday, April 3rd, at the European Week of Astronomy and Space Science in Liverpool.
The team was led by Miika Pursiainen, a PhD researcher from the University of Southampton. For the sake of their study, the team relied on data from the 4-meter telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO). This telescope is part of the Dark Energy Survey, a global effort to map hundreds of millions of galaxies and thousands of supernovae in to find patterns int he cosmic structure that will reveal the nature of dark energy.
This image shows the incredibly distant and ancient supernova DES16C2nm. The supernova was discovered by the Dark Energy Survey. Image: Mat Smith and DES collaboration.
As Pursiainen commented in a recent Southampton news release:
"The DES-SN survey is there to help us understand dark energy, itself entirely unexplained. That survey then also reveals many more unexplained transients than seen before. If nothing else, our work confirms that astrophysics and cosmology are still sciences with a lot of unanswered questions!"
As noted, these events were very peculiar in that they had a similar maximum brightness compared to different types of supernove, they were visible for far less time. Whereas supernova typically last for several months or more, these transient supernovae were visible for about a week to a month. The events also appeared to be very hot, with temperatures ranging from 10,000 to 30,000 °C (18,000 to 54,000 °F).
They also vary considerably in size, ranging from being several times the distance between the Earth and the Sun – 150 million km, 93 million mi (or 1 AU) – to hundreds of times. However, they also appear to be expanding and cooling over time, which is what is expected from an event like a supernova. Because of this, there is much debate about the origin of these transient supernovae.
Artistic impression of a star going supernova, casting its chemically enriched contents into the universe. Credit: NASA/Swift/Skyworks Digital/Dana Berry
A possible explanation is that these stars shed a lot of material before they exploded, and that this could have shrouded them in matter. This material may then have been heated by the supernovae themselves, causing it to rise to very high temperatures. This would mean that in these cases, the team was seeing the hot clouds rather than the exploding stars themselves.
This certainly would explain the observations made by Pursiainen and his team, though a lot more data will be needed to confirm this. In the future, the team hopes to examine more transients and see how often they occur compared to more common supernovae. The study of this powerful and mysterious phenomenon will also benefit from the use of next-generation telescopes.
When the James Webb Space Telescope is deployed in 2020, it will study the most distant supernovae in the Universe. This information, as well as studies performed by ground-based observatories, is expected to not only shed light on the life cycle of stars and dark energy, but also on the formation of black holes and gravitational waves.
Further Reading: University of Southampton


Many thanks to everyone who brought in a shoebox today. They will soon be on there way to a child in real need, in up to a dozen different countries. Your shoebox will bring a little hope, and alot of laughter and smiles, to children who have very little.


When it comes to most survival situations, batteries are often overlooked. Too many people assume that all they need to do is make sure their battery operated survival gear is ready to go with new alkaline batteries and that they have a fresh pack of spares. This is an unfortunate assumption!
There are five primary battery sizes: D, C, AA, AAA and 9 volt. Most batteries fall into three categories: alkaline, lithium and nickel.
Alkaline batteries are what the average person imagines when they picture a battery. There are other similar types, such as carbon zinc (aka: "heavy duty"), but we won't get into these battery types that much because alkaline batteries should not be used in survival situations. We'll touch more on this throughout the article.
Lithium batteries come in many varieties. There are both rechargeable and non-rechargeable types. Two of the more common rechargeable types are lithium-ion and lithium-polymer. Two common non-rechargeable types are lithium-iron disulfide (occasionally referred to as "voltage compatible lithium batteries") and lithium-manganese dioxide (commonly referred to as CR 123A batteries).
In a survival situation lasting up to a few weeks, you'll want to use lithium-iron disulfide batteries in AAA or AA size. These are currently sold as Energizer Lithium batteries.
* They handle temperature extremes much better than most batteries on the market. In freezing temperatures, alkaline and nickel based batteries won't work or will have greatly reduced performance.
* They have a very long shelf life. Energizer Lithium batteries are advertised has having a 20 year shelf life.
* They don't leak. Alkaline batteries often leak, leaving a corrosive residue.
* Lithium-iron disulfide batteries can produce more power for a longer period of time than alkaline batteries.
* While an alkaline battery is around 1.5 volts, a lithium-iron disulfide battery has about 1.6 volts (for the AA and AAA sizes).
* They only come in AAA, AA and 9 volt sizes. You may have survival equipment that only uses C or D batteries, although this can often be remedied by using a battery spacer.
* Compared to alkaline batteries, lithium-iron disulfide batteries are more expensive.
* The slightly higher voltage could harm some electronic devices. This is going to be a rare situation, but it could arise, such as when powering an insulin pump or other device with sensitive electronics.
* You might be wondering about CR123A lithium batteries – why not use those, especially since they have more power at 3.0 volts? You can, as they provide excellent performance. However, more devices use AA or AAA batteries than CR123A batteries. Additionally, CR123A batteries are more expensive and typically harder to find.
If you need batteries to power devices in an extended survival or off-grid situation, you're going to need a rechargeable option. I recommended the low self-discharge (LSD) NiMH battery, and here's why.
First, if you're living off the grid for several years or more, you're most likely going to need to recharge your batteries from a renewable source, like solar, hydro or wind. Due to the very nature of these power sources, you're unlikely to have a steady, reliable and consistent flow of electricity. As a result, you need batteries that are forgiving to interruptions or dips in power when recharging.
NiCd batteries are the most forgiving when it comes to inconsistent charging, but only have about one-half to one-third the mAh of a similarly sized NiMH battery.
Second, LSD NiMH batteries will hold their charge while being stored for a very long time. For example, eneloops, which are a type of LSD NiMH battery, will have 70% of its original charge after 10 years. Most "regular" NiMH batteries will lose most of its charge after only one year.
Third, LSD NiMH batteries perform well in high current draw applications, much better than alkaline and comparable to lithium based batteries.
There is essentially just one disadvantage to using LSD NiMH batteries: It provides only 1.2 volts. To put that in perspective, alkaline batteries use 1.5 volts, and lithium batteries use between 1.6 and 3.7 volts.
Batteries degrade not only during use, but also when sitting idly on a shelf. This is one reason why most manufacturers specify not only a cycle life but also a calendar life for their batteries. So a good approach to take is to treat batteries and battery-powered devices like you do dairy products. Buy the freshest one whenever given the choice. A slightly older product is fine - particularly if you're offered an outstanding discount - but expect it to expire sooner.


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Air Ones ambition demonstrated by big order
AIR One, has signed a firm order with Airbus for 12 A350-900s, plus 12 options, and 12 A330-200s, plus eight options. The Rome-based airline, will use these aircraft to develop a comprehensive long-haul route network, which will complement Air One's extensive domestic and European operations.
With this contract, Air One now has a total of 24 widebody aircraft on order with Airbus (plus 20 options), as well as a global agreement for 90 A320 aircraft, of which 65 A320s are firm orders and the remaining 25 are to be gradually firmed up.
Carlo Toto, president of Air One, said: "The purchase of 24 Airbus widebody long range aircraft is a key element in our company's growth strategy, with a view to achieving major developments in the intercontinental market over the next few years. The A330s will give us the best economics and passenger comfort in the medium term, with the A350 providing us with the most efficient and modern aircraft family at the next stage of our growth plans. In addition, the commonality of those long range aircraft with our growing A320 fleet in operation, brings important savings and benefits."
Tom Enders, Airbus president and chief executive officer, said: "We are delighted that Air One is again confirming its confidence in Airbus by ordering our long haul products, which will complement their A320 fleet. We are sure that the best selling A330 and the all-new A350 will contribute to Air One's international growth plans with the right product, at the right time."
ACS opens new office in Hong Kong
Parchim debt still outstanding
Emirates Group profits slide 64% while cargo volumes remain flat