Clark Herring – Special to the Southern News In a world that is constantly updating faster than we can possibly understand it, there is one new update in the world of social media that many are struggling to understand. The popular photography and video sharing app Instagram, recently has been under fire for their newest software update which defies it's traditional process.
DIY: Make your own jewelry box!


The Spirit of Sport is a tribute to Bolton's sporting community. The stainless steel structure is approximately 30 metres tall and is covered with etched images of 600 sportsmen and women, coaches, backroom staff and volunteers from the local area. It is intended to be a snapshot of sport in the borough, representing elite as well as amateur sport from Bolton's past, present and future.
The Spirit of Sport is the largest piece of public art in the UK to be developed through public consultation. Local sporting heroes were nominated to appear on the sculpture by their clubs and associations in recognition of their lasting contribution to sport. Names were collected through appeals in the Bolton Evening News and by Bolton Council, and photographs were taken of participants in sporting activities around the borough.
The sculpture is a symbol of Bolton's grassroots sporting network. It demonstrates the town's appreciation of the contribution of all its citizens to the sporting community and is designed to show Bolton's commitment to encouraging participation and building a healthy future for its residents.
The sculpture was commissioned by Bolton Council and designed by Eaton Waygood Associates. It was installed in December 2005.


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Colombia: Prospects for Peace with the ELN
Trapped in Conflict: Reforming Military Strategy to Save Lives in Colombia
Colombia's New Battlefields
A New Cast of Armed Groups
Behaviour toward Civilians
Approach to Security Forces
Security Goals in Theory and Practice
The Origins of the Military's Role
Continuing Onus on the Military
The Official Approach
Political Targets, Distorted Indicators
Operations from the Commanders' Perspective
Institutional Constraints and Challenges Facing Colombia's Military
Personnel and Resources
Human Rights Abuses
Community Perspectives
Fleeting Presence
Enemies Everywhere
Bearing the Costs
A Way Forward
Goals and Indicators
Planning for Consolidating Control
Accountability and Integrity
Aligning the Military with the Peace Process, the Petro Government and Rural Communities
Appendix A: Map of Colombia
Report 2 / Latin America & Caribbean 04 October 2002
Alvaro Uribe was inaugurated President of Colombia on 7 August 2002 with a strong electoral mandate to fulfil his pledge to enhance the state's authority and guarantee security.
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Alvaro Uribe was inaugurated President of Colombia on 7 August 2002 with a strong electoral mandate to fulfil his pledge to enhance the state's authority and guarantee security. In his inaugural address, Uribe promised to search for a negotiated solution to the long-standing armed confrontation with both insurgent groups, the National Liberation Army (ELN)[fn]Ejército de Liberación NacionalHide Footnote and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)[fn]Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de ColombiaHide Footnote as well as with the paramilitary United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC).[fn]Autodefensas Unidas de ColombiaHide Footnote However, in stark contrast to his predecessor, Andrés Pastrana, he conditioned new negotiations on a ceasefire and complete suspension of hostilities.
Uribe's first announcements dealt with both the conflict and related longer-term governance issues. In a setting of general insecurity, epitomised by the FARC's mortar attack on the inauguration ceremony in the centre of Bogotá, he imposed an emergency "state of public unrest" for 90 days, decreed a "security tax" to fund an expanded war effort, and submitted a far-reaching constitutional reform proposal to parliament. The latter would provide authority for election or presidential appointment of representatives of the irregular armed groups to local government chambers and the national parliament if they are seriously engaged in a peace process. The new president also requested the UN Secretary General's good offices to help establish peace negotiations with the FARC - an offer the FARC rejected. However, confidential, direct ceasefire talks have been resumed with the ELN in Cuba.
Both the Uribe administration and the ELN are aware of the shortcomings of the unsuccessful peace process under Pastrana (1998-2002). The talks with the FARC in the Demilitarised Zone (DMZ) overshadowed and prejudiced those held simultaneously, and by the same High Commissioner for Peace, with the ELN, mostly in Cuba and Venezuela. Substantially smaller and militarily weaker than the FARC, and under sustained attack from the paramilitaries, the ELN was possibly perceived as less of a danger. In the Pastrana government's media-oriented peace process, the ELN component was mostly treated as a sideshow. This compromised the progress, however limited, made in previous talks between representatives of Colombian civil society and the ELN under the auspices of the German and Colombian Conferences of Bishops in Germany at the end of the Samper administration (1994-1998). The ELN's demand for its own demilitarised zone became the critical obstacle to an agreement.
The Pastrana administration was never able to commit the ELN to a ceasefire or a permanent halt to kidnapping, and it did not respond appropriately to ELN gestures of goodwill, such as two unconditional releases of numerous hostages. Third party domestic and international actors, including the UN, could potentially have played a more decisive role had they been allowed.
If he learns from past errors, President Uribe has the opportunity for a strong new start. Several points are key. Firstly, his government should adopt the stance that peace with the ELN is at least as important, and more feasible, than peace with the FARC. It would produce an important breathing space for Colombia and an encouraging example for the AUC and FARC. Secondly, while the ELN has suffered battlefield reverses, the government should not treat it as if it were close to defeat. Thirdly, the government should pursue a carefully structured process, with appropriate third party facilitation to follow as quickly as possible the confidence-building talks already underway.
Since the end of the Cold War, the ELN has demonstrated a more political vision than the FARC. Some of its more conciliatory leaders, including its chief commander Nicolás Rodríguez, appear to be relatively realistic about the need to adjust maximalist demands in a negotiation. As substantive negotiations under conditions of ongoing warfare are unsustainable, the current talks in Cuba should aim primarily at a ceasefire, humanitarian accords, security guarantees for the insurgents and perhaps some initial consensus about a new substantive peace agenda. The Colombian and German Catholic Churches could, if requested, help create an appropriate environment of trust during this initial stage. The UN and other neutral third parties could, if requested, play important roles in detailed negotiations over monitoring, verification, logistics and safeguards. Once a ceasefire is in place, substantive talks could begin with some optimism. However, continuing ELN violations of international humanitarian law and criminal activities would seriously jeopardize them, as would continued complicity and coordinated operations between some army brigades and paramilitaries and human rights violations by regular army personnel.
To stress the new approach and make full use of the good offices of important domestic and international actors, the administration should consider eventually broadening the support structure of the negotiations. Without abandoning Cuba as a location for the ceasefire talks or radically altering its confidentiality policy, it would appear beneficial for the government gradually to integrate other countries and mediators into the peace effort. Flexibility is advisable because the different stages of the peace process require the assistance – financial, logistical, political and technical – of a changing set of third parties. However, for continuity and coordination, the government and ELN should consider selecting one such party to facilitate the entire process. Result-oriented convenience of location and facilitation should therefore be the order of the day.
The more time passes without decisive progress toward peace, the more likely it is that hard-liners on both sides will gain the upper hand. This could produce deeper ELN involvement in criminal activities, including drugs, and military cooperation with the FARC. Government advocates of a military solution would be strengthened, as would the FARC's conviction that the only solution to the conflict is military victory.
While ICG believes that a negotiated settlement with the ELN is achievable in the short to medium-term, this cannot happen unless the government has a clear strategy for the control and, ultimately, disbandment of the AUC. A combination of measures, including enhanced law enforcement and continued military pressure, appears advisable. Any existing ties between army and paramilitaries must be severed.
If any of the three irregular armed groups fail to cut ties to the drug business and other criminal activities, the government and the international community should treat them as criminal organisations or drug cartels. The final goal of the peace process must be to protect the lives and expand the opportunities of all Colombians by democratic, inclusive and legitimate politics. Refusing to tolerate drugs, kidnapping, and crime in the name of "revolution" or "the defence of the state" must be part of that equation. This will also require Colombia to make substantive reforms in health and education and citizen security as well as profoundly reassess its counter-drug, national security and environmental policies.
Bogotá/Brussels, 4 October 2002
Interactive / Latin America & Caribbean
The Fragile but Crucial Relations between Venezuela and Colombia since 2019: A Timeline
Also available in Also available in Español
Q&A / Latin America & Caribbean
Colombia's Last Guerrillas Make First Step toward "Total Peace"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There is growing gap between rural and urban areas in Cambodia, as the Royal Government of Cambodia is in lack of budget for rural development. Though the Government has regarded the rural development as one of the priorities, more attention has been focused on urban development, especially Phnom Penh, which is the country's heart, the political center and the commercial hob.
There is also a big gap in income among population in urban areas that is every easy to see through living standard, housing, clothing and materials such as vehicles and jewels.
Though urban areas are better developed compared to the rural areas, there are still many poor living in the cities. Most of them are living in slum areas in Phnom Penh.
The urban poor are among the most vulnerable groups in the country being exposed to violence, criminals, prostitution, drug abuse, and HIV/AIDS in addition to the usual threats of insecure livelihoods and a degraded environment.
Safety net for the urban poor people is very limited and continues to be threatened by the internal displacement of people, poor hygiene, lack of public services and employment opportunities, fire and other problems.
The rights of children have a limited understanding among parents and educational and political stakeholders.
Some children have not received a proper education because the factors such as poverty, the parents have to get the children to help pick up recycle materials to sell. The drop out children is not followed by the educational and local authorities to encourage the children to go to school.
Women have a limited understanding of their rights in the family and in the social and market environment. They are being abused and limited encouraged to go for learning and take new intiatives for the families.
The culture differences or norms among the different groups have made the development in the community, especially in the urban poor difficult.
The community divided into at least two or three clusters and they do not want to work together. They want to stay and split even their children know this now.
This a negative influence on the children value to not except others who are different or more unfortunate than them.
The Community Organizing process hopes to fill some of these gaps in the community social relationship and structure.
The encouragement would be through the participation of different project activities.
Cambodia is a south-east Asian country, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos. The country has a total area of 181,035 square kilometers with land area at 176,515 square kilometers and water area at 4,520 square kilometers. Cambodia's major water sources are the Mekong River and Tonle Sap (Great Lake).
The events of the 1970s continue to have a dramatic impact on family life. More than one-fifth of households are now headed by women. These families are more likely to suffer economic hardship and, as a consequence, malnutrition and premature death.The maternity mortality rate is 250 deaths/100,000 live births and the infant mortality rate is 51.36 deaths/1,000 live births. The youth (15 – 24 years old) unemployment rate is 3.4%. Since 2004, garments, construction, agriculture, and tourism have driven Cambodia's growth. GDP climbed more than 7% per year between 2010 and 2013.
Cambodian children under the age of 5 suffer from chronic malnutrition. More than 50% of the population is less than 25 years old. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the impoverished countryside, which also lacks basic infrastructure. The Cambodian Government is working with bilateral and multilateral donors, including the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and IMF, to address the country's many pressing needs; more than 50% of the government budget comes from donor assistance. International aid has played a vital role in the country's reconstruction. The funds have been used to rebuild infrastructure, promote economic growth through agriculture and tourism, and improve governance.
The major economic challenge for Cambodia over the next decade will be fashioning an economic environment in which the private sector can create enough jobs to handle Cambodia's demographic imbalance. The Royal Government of Cambodia Rectangular Strategy for the next 5 years focuses heavily on the human resource development, namely the employment and skills training for youth.


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Left to right: Early on, Friedman lectured wherever his cold calls opened a door. "I did a lot of student lounges," he says. (Photo courtesy Stanton Friedman); In 1968 Friedman spoke to NASA employees in Downey, California, where the Apollo command modules were built. (Photo courtesy Stanton Friedman); In 2007 the Mutual UFO Network, an organization that investigates UFO phenomena, gave Friedman its highest award for ufology. (Photo by Darren Leow)
Science? Fiction?
For 41 years Stanton Friedman, SB'55, SM'56, has traveled the world with a simple message: UFOs are real.
Lydialyle Gibson
Sept–Oct/11
The kid knew his teacher was wrong. And looking back, there was never really a chance that he would let it go. It was the middle of the school year, 1943, and Mrs. Rose Gutkin was giving her fifth graders in Linden, New Jersey, an astronomy lesson: the sun, she explained, remains motionless, and all the planets orbit around it. But Stanton Friedman had just read in his encyclopedia that the whole solar system, including the sun, orbits the center of the galaxy. "At 12 miles a second," he says. "That impressed the heck out of me. I mean, that's fast."
So Friedman raised his hand, corrected his teacher, and got a dressing-down. The next day he brought the encyclopedia to school. "And she reluctantly agreed that, well, maybe that's the way it was."
Almost seven decades later, Friedman, SB'55, SM'56, still tells this story—in vivid, exuberant detail—to give people a sense of who he is: a methodical researcher, a steadfast debater, an investigator, a scholar. A scientist.
He's gotten used to proving his qualifications, convincing people that he's serious and, occasionally, that he's sane. Since 1970 Friedman, who half a lifetime ago worked as a nuclear physicist with a government security clearance, has been a full-time ufologist—that is, someone who studies unidentified flying objects. In national archives and presidential libraries, Friedman pores over declassified documents and scientific reports on UFO sightings and unexplained aerial events. At times his job is not unlike detective work: tracking down witnesses and collecting their testimony, chasing leads that turn up in his reading or that come to him, as they sometimes do, from someone confiding a name or a place or a piece of evidence. Friedman claims to be the "first civilian investigator" at Roswell, New Mexico, where many people believe that in July 1947 a spaceship crashed in the desert. Indeed, it was largely Friedman's digging, starting in the late 1970s, that brought widespread attention to Roswell, an incident that had been all but forgotten.
His books have titles like Flying Saucers and Science: A Scientist Investigates the Mysteries of UFOs and Crash at Corona: The US Military Retrieval and Cover-Up of a UFO. His television appearances are myriad—Unsolved Mysteries, History Channel documentaries, network interviews on Nightline and CBS Sunday Morning. Friedman was a guest on three Larry King Live shows dedicated to UFOs, where he sat shoulder to shoulder with disbelievers and witnesses, wearing his usual dark suit and red pocket square, his wild wiry eyebrows flashing above excitable green eyes. "Physical trace cases, radar variable sightings—evidence!" he boomed during a 2007 show, squalling with UFO skeptic Michael Shermer. "You don't talk about evidence!"
But the cornerstone of Friedman's career is something much simpler: a series of slides and a stack of lecture notes. He spends months every year traveling to classrooms, conference halls, and auditoriums around the world, giving a lecture called "Flying Saucers ARE Real." The evidence is overwhelming, he says, that the planet is being visited by extraterrestrials, and that the US government is covering it up. And he'll debate anyone, anywhere, who argues otherwise.
This past July, Friedman turned 77. He figured he'd be retired by now. But seeing his eyes widen when he imagines alien sojourners propelling themselves to Earth in nuclear rockets ("Fusion! Every astronomer in the world knows that's what powers the stars, but they never give a thought to using it for a propulsion system"), or hearing story after story tumble out of him—the day he found out about Roswell and went searching for the only witness whose name he knew, the first time he looked up from a podium and saw 400 people looking back—it's hard to believe that he could ever retire.
Friedman lives in Fredericton, Canada, a university town straddling the St. John River, 60 miles north of Maine. His living room is bright and floral, its walls and tabletops adorned with family photographs and watercolors painted by his sister-in-law. Most are cheerful tableaus: Friedman and his second wife, Marilyn; his three children from his first marriage; his daughter from his second; his 24-year-old grandson; and his great-grandson, James.
His basement study is a different scene altogether: a riot of strewn papers, sprung-open filing cabinets, and groaning bookshelves. Against one wall, rolls of paper held together by rubber bands are stacked up like ancient scrolls. Friedman's desk and computer occupy a small, semicleared oasis by the door. "See," he says, surveying the chaos, "what I really needed was a secretary."
Friedman and Marilyn, a New Brunswick native, moved to Fredericton 30 years ago, and since then he's become a local celebrity. Mayor Brad Woodside, who declared August 27, 2007, Stanton Friedman Day, wishes his famous citizen would mention Fredericton more often on television. "He's a scientist, and a good one," says Rod Cooper, a computer-science professor at the University of New Brunswick. As a college student decades ago, Cooper saw a UFO as he crossed a toll bridge on his way to his parents' home in Niagra Falls. Five bright objects appeared in the distance, flying in a V. At first he thought they were Piper Cubs, but in an instant they were right overhead. "Amazingly close," he says, and amazingly fast. Then just as suddenly they were gone. At the tollbooth people were standing beside their cars, looking up. "I think it's very important," Cooper says, "to have people like Stan who take a very objective, scientific research view of this thing."
"Respected by all, ridiculed by some, loved by others," is how Roderick Nolan, Friedman's friend and sometime boss, sums up his hometown reputation. A founding executive at a Fredericton engineering and consulting firm where Friedman freelanced a few projects, Nolan remembers the time a few of the company's technicians climbed onto the roof to dangle a fake flying saucer outside Friedman's office window. "He came in one morning and it was hanging there," laughs Nolan. "All in good fun."
An impulse buy set the trajectory for Friedman's life's work. He needed one more volume to round out an order from a discount bookseller in New York so he wouldn't have to pay the postage. It was 1958, and Friedman, two years out of grad school at the U of C, was married and living in Cincinnati, working at General Electric on aircraft nuclear propulsion systems.
The title that caught his eye was a hardcover marked down to $1 called The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects, by Air Force captain Edward J. Ruppelt. The first chapter opened with a jolt: "In the summer of 1952, a United States Air Force F-86 jet interceptor shot at a flying saucer. This fact, like so many others that make up the full flying saucer story, has never before been told." In the early 1950s, Ruppelt—who coined the term "unidentified flying object"—headed Project Blue Book, a group of high-ranking military officers convened to analyze UFO sightings and determine if the mysterious things in the sky posed a threat to national security. By the time Project Blue Book folded in 1969, it had evaluated 12,618 reports of sightings.
Friedman found Ruppelt's book intriguing, if not entirely convincing. But he was curious enough to keep UFOs on his reading list. In 1959 a job with Aerojet-General Nucleonics brought him to Northern California, where a local librarian fed him book after book on flying saucers. "I must have read 15," he says. By that time he was more than intrigued.
Then he made what he calls one of the "big discoveries" of his life: Project Blue Book Special Report Number 14, a vast statistical analysis of 3,201 UFO cases, with hundreds of graphs, tables, charts, and maps. "I was in data heaven," Friedman says. According to the report, about 22 percent of sightings were declared "unknown." That means their origin couldn't be determined even after all the evidence was in—these were objects that didn't look like airplanes or balloons or any other discernible vessel. They maneuvered in strange ways, hovering or changing speed and direction suddenly. Sometimes witnesses, many of them Air Force pilots, described seeing actual saucer- or cigar-shaped objects.
Unknowns tended to be cases with better information: 35 percent of "excellent" sightings—those with more reliable witnesses and, sometimes, corresponding physical evidence—defied explanation; only 19 percent of poor ones did. And the longer a sighting lasted, Friedman says, the more likely it was to remain unexplained: 36 percent of unknowns were seen for more than five minutes. In Project Blue Book Special Report Number 14, Friedman found facts, numbers, evidence to hang his conclusions on. "I'm the Ralph Nader of UFOs," he once told a newspaper reporter, "not the Billy Graham."
The report, which omitted classified information, was released to the public in 1955, and it came with a summary that quoted the Secretary of the Air Force: "On the basis of this study, we believe that no objects such as those popularly described as flying saucers have overflown the United States." But Friedman knew that assertion plainly contradicted the numbers in the report. "Now, I was working under security, and sometimes you've got to tiptoe around the truth a little bit," he says, "because you can't release classified information. But I'd never run across a situation where someone in authority in a very widely distributed press release was lying through his teeth."
Not only was he now certain that aliens had visited Earth, Friedman also was convinced that the US government was hiding what it knew. "I was shook up," he says. He joined national UFO organizations and began corresponding with authors who'd written about flying saucers. His family moved from California to Indianapolis, and then in 1966 to Pittsburgh, where Friedman worked on nuclear rockets at Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory. He read more UFO reports. "In every large-scale scientific study," says Friedman, whose lectures cite five—including one by Northwestern astronomer J. Allen Hynek, SB'31, PhD'35—"20 to 25 percent of the cases can't be explained. That's a lot."
In Pittsburgh Friedman's fascination became a calling. He and a few others founded a UFO group and set up a 24-hour hotline people could call to report a sighting. "We hoped to get a team there while it was still happening," Friedman says. They never quite did. "Got there within ten minutes once. Just after it was over."
In fact, one of the world's foremost experts on flying saucers has never seen one, although for a moment a few years ago he thought perhaps he had. Friedman was filming a TV spot on an unlit New Hampshire road where, in 1961, a couple named Betty and Barney Hill claimed to have been abducted by a UFO while driving home from Quebec. (Friedman coauthored Captured!, a book on the abduction, with the Hills' niece, Kathleen Marden.) As the film rolled, the cameraman looked up and said, "What's that?" Friedman turned to see a mysterious light rise and then darken in the gloomy distance. And then another, and then another. But a little sleuthing revealed a terrestrial source. "We think it was battlefield flares dropped by the Vermont National Guard," Friedman says, shrugging. "That's the closest I've come."
In 1968 Friedman did his first radio show and gave his first UFO lecture at a book-club meeting in a Westinghouse colleague's living room. "I came up with some slides and everything." He got on the roster of a lecture series at Carnegie Mellon University, and afterward the Engineering Society of Detroit booked him for a dinner lecture. The event sold out three weeks in advance, all 1,008 seats.
By 1969, when Westinghouse laid Friedman off and, he says, "the bottom began falling out of the advanced nuclear and space systems business," the UFO business was booming. His side schedule bustled with lectures and radio appearances. A crowd of 500 nuclear society members came to hear him speak at New Mexico's Los Alamos National Laboratory. When he addressed a joint meeting of Pittsburgh's aeronautics and electrical engineering institutes, people stayed so late, "the janitor had to kick us out."
More than 700 lectures and untold miles later, he's still on the road. In the beginning he went wherever his cold calls could open a door to a lecture hall or a classroom, no matter how obscure the college or how small the town. He's spoken at Cornell and Harvard, but also at Cayuga Community College in Auburn, New York, and Midland Lutheran College in Fremont, Nebraska. These days Friedman travels to conventions and talks around the globe: Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Korea, Italy, Australia, Finland, China.
What first drew him to UFOs were the stories: mysterious objects appearing on air traffic controllers' radar screens in places where the sky was empty of airplanes, World War II bombers seeing strange metallic spheres and colored balls of light, Air Force pilots engaging with phantasms they could sometimes photograph but never catch. "I have had people quietly tell me," Friedman says, "about cases in which a pilot went up to chase UFOs," with orders to shoot them down. On at least seven occasions, he says, pilots went up but never came back.
The stories are endless. In 1950 a couple in McMinnville, Oregon, took two famous pictures that seemed to show—with arresting clarity—a flying saucer floating above the barns and brambles of their farm. The Canadian navy went searching in 1967 for a UFO that a dozen people saw crash into the water near Shag Harbor, a Nova Scotia fishing village. Friedman wrote about Ronnie Johnson, a Kansas teenager who, in 1971, happened upon a brightly lit mushroom-shaped object hovering two feet above the ground on his father's farm. Johnson and his dog were temporarily paralyzed, and as the UFO sped away, it left behind a glowing ring of dirt, which afterward could not absorb water. Soil samples revealed "too high a level of soluble mineral," Friedman says. "I call it salty, because that's what it boils down to." Even years later, nothing would grow on that spot.
As compelling as the first-person accounts were, what spoke to Friedman most clearly was the data. He's always had a numerical mind, a gift he believes he inherited from his grandfather, a fruit and vegetable peddler and Eastern European immigrant who arrived in America with no money or education, but with a formidable internal arithmetic. He was one of those guys, Friedman says, who could write down a string of prices on a paper bag and add them in his head. "No cash register." Two generations later, Friedman pulled so far ahead of the other third graders in math that, by the middle of the school year, his teachers moved him to fourth grade.
Analyzing UFO data, Friedman drew on his nuclear physics expertise. He looked for clues to extraterrestrial propulsion systems in the fission-powered aircraft carriers and an electromagnetic submarine built in the 1960s by a Westinghouse colleague. "It is possible to envision an airborne analog" of that submarine, Friedman writes in an article posted on his website, "in which seawater is replaced by ionized electrically conducting air, and conventional electromagnetic fields are produced by superconducting magnets which need little space, very little power and weight, and generate very high magnetic fields. ... The resulting system would be symmetric, highly maneuverable, relatively silent, often have a glow around it, and be capable of sudden starts and stops."
The other lure of UFOs was, simply, wonder. He remembers looking up at the New Hampshire sky his first night at Young Judea camp and thinking, "'Where did all those stars come from?' You sure didn't see them in Linden, New Jersey." And that's exactly the point, he says: "Just because you can't see it doesn't mean it's not there, which is an important lesson to learn as a researcher." Those same stars had hung over his roof every night back home in New Jersey, but he'd never laid eyes on them. "Who ever saw the Milky Way? Well, in New Hampshire, you could see the Milky Way."
Most people believe in aliens. They may not tell their friends and neighbors, but they tell pollsters. In 1997 a CNN poll found that 80 percent of Americans think the government is hiding information about UFOs, and 64 percent believe that extraterrestrials have contacted humans. In a 2007 Associated Press poll, 14 percent said they'd seen a UFO. These numbers do not surprise Friedman. At the end of his lectures, he often asks the audience how many of them have seen a flying saucer. "And the hands go up," he says, "each one thinking he's the only one. They know I'm not going to laugh, but they're not sure about the other people." Then he starts counting: 1, 2, 3, …, 10, 15, 20, … By the time he's finished, he says, usually ten percent of the audience have their hands raised. In a crowd of 500—not unusual for Friedman—that's 50 people. "But then I ask, 'How many of you reported what you saw?'" Nearly every hand drops. "I've discovered," he says, "that there is this huge body of sightings that you won't run into unless you directly ask, in circumstances where it's OK for people to admit it."
In 40 years, Friedman says, he's had only 11 hecklers—"and two of them were drunk." Before he began lecturing professionally, he organized UFO-themed brown-bag lunches with nuclear physics colleagues. People were more interested than incredulous. "I'm not a masochist," he often says. "I wouldn't do this if people gave me a hard time."
Over a lunch of chardonnay and seafood chowder at a restaurant overlooking the St. John River, Friedman and his friend Roderick Nolan start in on a conversation about ancestors from the old country, which leads to the Irish potato famine and the Holocaust, which leads to the definition of God and the brutality of the human race. "Regardless of where we live in this little speck of dust in the cosmos, we are capable of terrible things,"Nolan muses. Which sends Friedman, as so many topics inexorably do, back to UFOs. "We're a primitive society whose major activity is tribal warfare," he says, echoing a line from his lecture. "People say, 'Why would aliens come here?' I say, 'I think they're here to quarantine us.'" Now he's off and running: "At the end of World War II, there were three signs that soon these Earthling idiots would be moving out into the galaxy: V-2 rockets, atomic bombs, and radar. … And isn't it amazing, the only place in the world where you could check on all three of those technologies is southeastern New Mexico. That's what Roswell was."
Probably more than any other single UFO event, the Roswell incident has dominated Friedman's professional life. He heard about it in 1978, 31 years after a rancher reported finding what he described as tinfoil, paper, pieces of rubber, and kite-sized sticks. He went to the sheriff, who went to the authorities at the Roswell Army air field, who, after first issuing a press release saying that remains of a "flying disc" had been recovered, revised their conclusion. What the rancher, Mack Brazel, had found, they explained, was debris from a high-altitude weather balloon. Newspapers across the country picked up the story, but it faded quickly.
Friedman was in Baton Rouge for a lecture at Louisiana State University when he first heard the details. A TV station manager told him about a buddy from his ham radio days named Jesse Marcel, who lived in nearby Houma. In 1947 Marcel had been the first Army intelligence officer on the scene in Roswell. He'd hiked out to where the debris landed and accompanied it to Wright-Patterson Air Force base. Friedman called Marcel and asked him to share what he remembered from those first few days. After that, the whole story of Roswell started to crack open.
Over the next decade, Friedman and fellow ufologist Bill Moore sought out witness after witness, leapfrogging from one account to another until they had testimony from 62 people, including the rancher's son and neighbors—by then Brazel was long dead—officers from the air base, and the Army public information officer who wrote the first press release about a "flying disc." Friedman found Glenn Dennis, the town mortician, who claimed he got a call from the air field, asking about child-sized caskets. "For the aliens," Friedman explains, whose diminutive bodies would have been thrown from the wreckage. He recalls visiting Dennis in Lincoln, New Mexico, interviewing him amid the celebrations of a Billy the Kid pageant. "I have a tape of him telling me his story, and the mariachi band going in the background." Other ufologists followed Friedman's rediscovery of Roswell, publishing their own books, uncovering other information. The incident took root in the popular imagination. In 1992 the Roswell UFO museum opened, followed four years later by the annual Roswell UFO Festival.
Friedman's audiences may not give him a hard time, but a ufologist's career isn't without its skirmishes, and over the decades he has taken on his fair share. He wears his triumphs like badges: the Oxford Union debate where he won 60 percent of the vote, the physics professors he silenced when they tried to sandbag him in front of their students. Friedman sells DVDs of his two-hour "formal debate" against astronomer and retired Air Force pilot James McGaha, and he can recount word-for-word the arguments he's had with listeners of call-in shows.
His list of antagonists is long. On it are UFO skeptics and UFO frauds, some of whom he has unmasked. He's disappointed in academic astronomers, who "think they know all there is to know" about interstellar travel, and in reporters who, year after year, fail to examine the "cosmic Watergate" of the government's UFO cover-up. Friedman calls the SETI Institute, which listens for radio signals from outer space, the "silly effort to investigate," because, he says, aliens wouldn't contact us with antique radio technology. He's still vexed with physics classmate Carl Sagan, AB'54, SB'55, SM'56, PhD'60, for refusing to give credence to UFOs. Friedman liked Sagan; the two corresponded, and Friedman visited him a few years before he died. But Sagan's attitude bothers him to this day. "The reliable cases are uninteresting," Sagan wrote of UFO sightings, "and the interesting cases are unreliable." Says Friedman, "That's just totally false."
One spat with skeptic Phil Klass involved a bet over the typography of Truman-era classified memos. It ended with Friedman publishing in his first book a photocopy of the $1,000 check Klass wrote after losing. Later, when Friedman moved to Canada, Klass wrote to the National Research Council in Ottawa to warn them of his arrival and of the "half-truths and falsehoods" in his work. "Like wrestling with an octopus," Klass wrote, "when you manage to pin down one leg, the other seven are still thrashing about."
The "debunkers," as Friedman calls them, growling out each syllable with disdain, have never shaken him with a question he couldn't rebut using the facts and figures in his head or the avalanche of documents in his study. Among the debris is a black-and-white photo taken a couple of years after he went on the road full time. A 36-year-old Friedman stands on a riser behind a tabletop lectern, a microphone at his chin and a projector screen to his left. The hand-drawn sign at his feet reads: "Flying Saucers ARE Real, Stanton Friedman, April 29, 1971, 6:45, Student Lounge." His suit hangs baggy at the knees, and a tie clip holds a striped necktie to his shirt. As he gazes down at his notes, you can see, behind his beard, the hint of a smile. He looks as if he is just about to speak.
"Facts in hand before mouth in gear." That's Friedman's ethos. Of all of the catchphrases he's invented over the years—and there are many—it's the one he tries hardest to live by. In 2001, decades after challenging his fifth-grade teacher on the motion of the solar system, Friedman returned to Linden for his 50th high school reunion. An old friend mentioned that Miss Gutkin still came to synagogue. Friedman's eyes widened. Here was a chance to see her again, to tell her the story that for years he'd been telling everyone else, about how his life was changed that day, how he learned the value of facts in hand—how, all those years ago, he'd been right. "So I went to the temple for old time's sake," he says. He found Mrs. Gutkin, by then in her 80s, and he told her the whole story. She didn't remember him, but that didn't matter. "I needed to tell her," he says, "that she had inspired me to go for the facts. Always to go for the facts."


Willie Grace | 7/17/2014, 3:25 p.m. | Updated on 7/17/2014, 3:25 p.m.
As the host of the 2014 ESPY Awards, Drake hit a home run.
The rapper-actor may have been a surprising choice to lead Wednesday's awards show, but as an avid sports fan and showman he quickly proved why he's a natural on stage.
"I'm excited to be here, so many athletes in the house," Drake said as he opened the ceremony. "So many people that I respect, so many of you that I admire. So many people that I would trade my life to be. I love all of you ... until you start losing, then you're dead to me. I stick with the champions."
And with that he was off with the usual host monologue, firing off jokes about LeBron James going back to Cleveland, Donald Sterling (of course), Prince Fielder, and his concern for Johnny Manziel. It wasn't completely smooth, but some of his jokes landed well.
"I love me some Johnny Football, I do," he said, referring to the good-time-loving Manziel by his nickname. "For example, right before I came out here, I got a text from him asking if I wanted to do mushrooms and watch the ESPYs together tonight.
"Johnny, I hope you understand this is why I couldn't come. But I'm sure this looks amazing to you right now."
As the ESPYs went on, the "Started From the Bottom" star started to display his versatility with sketches and songs.
According to Drake, he knows the real reason why basketball player Lance Stephenson blew in LeBron James' ear during an Eastern Conference Finals game in May: "You only blow in the ear of somebody that you truly and deeply respect."
So instead of the "Kiss Cam," we now have the "Lance Cam," and Drake did Stephenson the honor of blowing right into his ear.
Any presumed tension between Drake and Chris Brown after their 2012 confrontation at a New York nightclub wasn't visible at the ESPYs. For Drake's skit with Blake Griffin, in which Drake and Blake played competing stars who start playing practical jokes on one another, Chris Brown was at the ready to lend a hand.
Making fun of Manny Pacquiao's love of singing, Drake did an impression of the boxer in the studio belting out "Let It Go" from "Frozen." Might even be better than the original.
Because he's Drake, some were probably curious how he'd weave his day job -- rapping -- into the ceremony. Well, he did, but he didn't just rehash an old hit. No, he created an ode to the mistresses with some help from Brian McKnight.
"This next song has absolutely nothing to do with you at all," Drake told his audience. "This song is about the real glue that holds the sports world together: side pieces."
Sample lyric? "A lot of guys are dying for this song to end." We smell a new hit.
Speaking of "Side Pieces," Drake swore that's the one thing he would be for his basketball-playing crush, Skylar Diggins.
But when he tried to woo the Tulsa Shock star with some poetry, she spurned his advances with the ultimate gesture of friendship.
Better luck next year, Drake.


Pregnant women lose appetite - Loss of appetite in the early trimester of pregnancy often occurs. However, do not let it drag on, so as not to bring adverse effects to health. Come on, find out how to overcome lost appetite during pregnancy.
There are several reasons for pregnant women (pregnant women) to lose appetite. This condition experienced in the early trimester of pregnancy, but need to be aware of if it continues throughout pregnancy. Know how to deal with it so that your nutritional needs during pregnancy can meting.
Ideally, the weight of pregnant women increases 11-16 kg from the initial body weight, to get a healthy pregnancy. Lack of appetite during pregnancy can cause pregnant women to lose weight, and make pregnant women at risk of experiencing lack of nutrients needed during pregnancy.
A lack of nutrition during pregnancy can increase the risk of developing fetal disorders, premature birth, even miscarriage. Also, pregnant women also become more susceptible to various diseases.
Usually, foods that are warm or hot will produce a more pungent aroma. Can make some pregnant women feel nauseous and lose their appetite.
Pregnant women can leave food first until it starts to cool and lose its aroma, then consume it. Cold food, such as a sandwich or salad, can also be an option.
Eating the same food is indeed dull and can make a pregnant woman not to eat it. In order not to get bored, pregnant women can make the types of food consumed more varied, while still fulfilling the nutrients the body needs.
Try changing the food menu every day, or changing the way it serves. For example, if pregnant women are nauseous when they have to eat green vegetables. As a variation, pregnant women can mix green vegetables and favourite fruit in the form of juice. However, keep making sure the food that is consumed by pregnant women cooked.
Pregnant women can look for other food alternatives if they lose their appetite for certain foods. For example, pregnant women do not eat meat, even though meat contains high protein that the body needs. Instead, pregnant women can eat nuts that also hold high protein. However, still, make sure the alternative food chosen has adequate nutrition.
Pregnant women lose appetite - Pregnant women can also take prenatal vitamins according to the doctor's advice, to meet nutritional needs. If you feel nauseous when taking prenatal vitamins in the form of dense tablets, pregnant women can take prenatal vitamins in liquid or chew tablets.
Getting enough sleep can also increase the appetite of pregnant women. The ideal night's sleep time for pregnant women is 7-8 hours. If possible, pregnant women can also take a nap for 30-60 minutes, between 14.00-16.00.
Various ways above can pregnant women do to help restore appetite. Also, pregnant women should also reduce stress so as not to lose appetite.
If the weight continues to fall, there is a possibility that pregnant women experience serious health problems, such as hyperemesis gravidarum or thyroid disorders. Therefore, if pregnant women continue to lose appetite and do not reach the expected weight gain target, consult a gynaecologist so that the necessary treatment can give.
0 Response to "Pregnant women lose appetite? Overcome with these five ways"


> > If waitpid fails with errno == EINTR, a signal handler was run.
> > The program can run its code from within the signal handler, can't it?
> > after longjmping back to main, no?
you're interested.  Sdiff can be interrupted while a child is running.
> >           void (*eintr_hook) (void)  ?
I hope not.  sdiff doesn't need that.
and noted a potential portability problem: "*(int *) &status = 0;"
a wait status are long dead; are they still worth worrying about?


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Franz Josef Ritter (* 1. November 1847 in Mauren; † 13. November 1928 ebenda) war ein liechtensteinischer Politiker.

Biografie
Ritter war der Sohn von Franz Josef Ritter und dessen Frau Maria Anna (geborene Mündle). Er war Bürger der Gemeinde Mauren und war als Landwirt und Kaufmann tätig. Von 1891 bis 1897 gehörte er dem Gemeinderat von Mauren an und fungierte dort als Schatzmann. Von 1897 bis 1900 war er Gemeindekassier und von 1903 bis 1909 Gemeindevorsteher von Mauren. Des Weiteren war Ritter von 1906 bis 1910 stellvertretender Abgeordneter im Landtag des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.

1874 heiratete er Rosa Kieber. Aus der Ehe gingen sieben Kinder hervor.

Weblinks

 Eintrag zu Franz Josef Ritter auf www.e-archiv.li

Politiker (Liechtenstein)
Gemeindevorsteher (Mauren)
Liechtensteiner
Geboren 1847
Gestorben 1928
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Truck has been there for a day (and should not be parked on the street at all.) My neighbor may have left a note for the person. But what I notice is there is no plate...It has the CT DOT numbers on the side so I am sure he him with that stuff. but not the damage to the trees....and sadly he is going to rip out some wire with a cab that high one of these days. He is parked there right now. We are not sure if it is even worth going after he may be gone in an hour....but he does park here and it is prohibited. And again I am concerned about the wires. He may be a tenant in the illegal rooming house.
Thank you for your post. An officer has been dispatched to investigate.
This vehicle is no longer at the location.
Can someone post what the law is? Can they park on a residential street for days at a time?
This issue has been addressed. If an issue such as this should arise please feel free to open as a new issue.


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Posted inEducation, Lewiston-Auburn, News, Politics, Portland, State
USM president proposes cutting four programs, 20-30 faculty positions
by Seth Koenig March 14, 2014 April 29, 2014
PORTLAND, Maine — University of Southern Maine President Theo Kalikow is proposing to cut four programs and between 20 and 30 faculty jobs as the school attempts to overcome a $14 million budget shortfall.
Kalikow announced the spending gap, which represents nearly 10 percent of the school's fiscal year 2015 budget, nearly two months ago and tasked a special advisory committee with developing a slate of recommendations for the future of the university — in part to deal with the financial troubles.
That 32-member advisory panel — which included faculty members, university staff and representatives of the outside community — delivered its report to the president last week.
USM's $14 million budget shortfall is the largest part of a $36 million gap systemwide. Though USM will have to make up for the largest portion of that gap, all seven of the system's campuses are looking for ways to reduce spending next year.
University officials attribute the shortfall to declining student enrollment plus stagnant revenue, as both tuition and appropriations from the state have been held flat in recent years, while the costs of running the institutions have increased.
Kalikow said during a special meeting of the USM Faculty Senate on Friday that she is proposing to eliminate four programs: American and New England studies, geosciences, arts and humanities at the school's Lewiston-Auburn College facility, and recreation and leisure studies.
Through those program cuts and other layoffs to be announced in the coming weeks, Kalikow said she is recommending between 20 and 30 faculty reductions. She said she also is proposing between 10 and 20 additional staff position cuts. The president said the exact number of cuts won't be determined until administrators receive final numbers on how many faculty and staff announce retirements in the upcoming weeks.
There are approximately 120 students designated as majors in the programs slated for elimination, including 50 in the recreation and leisure studies program.
The financial crisis comes less than a year after university leaders were left scrambling to cut between $4 million and $5 million in spending to close a previous budget gap, and the proposed job cuts come in addition to 14 staff reductions made earlier this year.
"I'm personally tired of having to give our valued colleagues bad news," Kalikow said. "We can no longer afford to carry all the programs we have. … This is painful and disruptive and horrible to those directly affected. To all of you, I give my heartfelt condolences."
Kalikow's recommendations, unsurprisingly, didn't sit well with some in attendance at Friday's meeting, or those watching a live video feed from an overflow room in Portland and at Lewiston-Auburn College.
"I engage [students] and I continue to engage, and I'm not leaving this place without a fight," Stephen Pollock, chairman of the geosciences department, told Kalikow. "I believe this is very shortsighted of you."
Mark Lapping, a professor at the university's Muskie School of Public Service and a former provost, said the American and New England studies program has generated some of the school's most high-profile scholarly research.
"How can one be a real college without strength in arts and humanities?" he added. "I have concerns that this is a consideration of bean counting alone, without a consideration of quality."
Added associate professor of classics Jeannine Uzzi: "It all feels, financially, like kind of a drop in the bucket compared to the losses we're going to see in terms of the research of our colleagues and offerings for our students."
Kalikow said the proposed cuts would set the stage for a rebuilding effort for the university, which she hopes will include further integration of the Lewiston-Auburn facility into the more tightly connected Portland and Gorham campuses. That integration will increase efficiencies and make courses currently isolated at the different sites more accessible across all locations, she argued.
"These are proposals today, the details of which need to be fleshed out," Kalikow said. "There may be better ideas out there."
She also hinted at an aggressive rebranding of the school as a "metropolitan university," with "flexible, adaptive and accessible" courses of study for busy, nontraditional urban students. Kalikow additionally made mention of a looming nationwide search for her successor — she took the president position in 2012 under what was intended to be a temporary assignment, and her contract expires in 2015.
"This is a bittersweet moment," she said. "It's bittersweet because simultaneously we are charting a course for a brighter future, and we're talking about cuts, we're talking about program eliminations and some difficult decisions."
Kalikow said she plans to unveil proposed investments to be made to help rebuild the university during an all-campus meeting in Portland on Wednesday morning. The Faculty Senate will meet again the afternoon of March 21 to discuss the proposed changes.
Kalikow urged the senate to endorse the recommendations — or come up with alternatives — by May 5. In attendance at Friday's meeting was University of Maine System Chancellor James Page.
"This is a very difficult season to be doing this kind of activity and this kind of announcement, because we are right in the middle of trying to admit a new class," Kalikow said. "There are many factors that are being considered by families and prospective students."
The cuts announced at USM on Friday likely won't be enough for the university to pass a balanced budget.
"I expect that some campuses may not be able to balance for [fiscal year 2015] this time," University of Maine System Vice Chancellor for Finance and Administration Rebecca Wyke said Wednesday. "I think we are going to have a campus like USM still not be able to do that."
If that happens, "we will use system funds that we've set aside for the rainy day," Wyke said. Those rainy day funds amount to $15 million and may be enough to get the system through next year, but not beyond.
Kalikow said in the case of USM, the school's enrollment has dropped from the equivalent of 7,348 full-time students in 2005-2006 to 6,460 full-time equivalents today.
BDN writer Nell Gluckman contributed to this report.
Seth Koenig
Seth has nearly a decade of professional journalism experience and writes about the greater Portland region.	More by Seth Koenig


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Obi-Wan Kenobi series timeline could change Star Wars canon in 3 ways
How much of Obi-Wan's Tatooine life will see actually see?
Ryan Britt
Since 2016, Star Wars fans have been enthralled with the possibility Ewan McGregor playing Obi-Wan Kenobi again. Yes, we heard him speaking to Rey through in The Force Awakens and The Rise of Skywalker, but we haven't seen McGregor as Obi-Wan since 2005. (Even Ray Park has returned as Darth Maul since then!)
Lucasfilm president Kathleen Kennedy has finally elaborated on another aspect of the show. We know it will have a definitive beginning, middle, and end. Unlike The Mandalorian, the Obi-Wan series won't be open-ended, but a "limited series." So, what does that mean for the timeline of the show? Let's dig into the sands of Tatooine and speculate.
Luke and Obi-Wan in 'A New Hope.' Lucasfilm
3. The show might not make it to A New Hope
Back in 2019, Lucasfilm confirmed a specific time period in which the Obi-Wan show it took place: Eight years after Revenge of the Sith. This puts at least part of the show in 11 BBY or 10 BBY. Because there won't be a second season, if the entire show stays with this time period, we won't see Obi-Wan was doing right before A New Hope.
This means that if Luke Skywalker appears in the series, he'll be about 8 or 9 years old; the same age Anakin was when he met Obi-Wan in The Phantom Menace. Either way, assuming no time jumps, the Obi-Wan series won't be like Rogue One, with an ending right before the start of A New Hope.
Yoda and Obi-Wan discuss the future. Lucasfilm
2. Multiple time periods
Since the Obi-Wan series has a definite endpoint, the episodes might not be directly connected to each other. In other words, unlike the previous assumption, let's say there are time jumps in the series and that it simply begins eight years after Revenge of the Sith. This approach would make the Obi-Wan show more like an anthology.
Each of the episodes could tell one story of something that happened to Obi-Wan over the course of the full 19 years he lived in (relative) isolation on Tatooine. If this was the case, then the show might not even have an "arc," since we totally know how it's going to end. This makes sense because we already know exactly how his show will end.
Obi-Wan in 'Revenge of the Sith.' Lucasfilm
1. The series might span eight years
The third option requires a different interpretation of the setting of "eight years after Revenge of the Sith." What if this means that the entire series doesn't begin at this point, but instead is set throughout those eight years?
At one point, McGregor indicated the show will only be six episodes. So, let's pretend each episode will cover roughly one year. This means the show could start in 17 BBY, cover six years, and end in 11 BBY — exactly eight years after Revenge of the Sith.
McGregor is 15 real-life years older now than he was when he played Obi-Wan in Revenge of the Sith. He's 49 years old now, and closer to Alec Guinness' age of 62 when he filmed A New Hope in 1976.
In The Phantom Menace, set in 32 BBY, Obi-Wan is about 25 years old. He's about 38 by the end of Revenge of the Sith. And, by the time of A New Hope, this makes Obi-Wan 57, which actually is pretty close to how old Alec Guinness really was. (When you think about it like this, it's a little messed up that Han refers to Obi-Wan as an "old fossil" in A New Hope.) But, at the same time, it does mean that the prequel timeline works pretty well with A New Hope. And, on top of that, it means that at roughly 50, McGregor is the perfect age to play Obi-Wan during a decade that ends when Luke Skywalker is still a little kid.
Ending the Obi-Wan series around 11 or 10 BBY also prevents the series from messing with any established canon. In the series Rebels, Obi-Wan eventually killed Maul on Tatooine in 2 BBY. If the new show ends in 8 BBY, there's little chance any of the Rebels stuff will impact the new show. In 10 BBY, the Rebel Alliance has barely gotten started.
If the Obi-Wan show ends before the Rebellion exists, this also means something else very important about this limited series. It could be the first Star Wars thing that features zero space travel. If Obi-Wan is on Tatooine, watching over baby Luke, and the Rebellion doesn't really exist, that means he has no reason to leave.
The Obi-Wan Kenobi series does not yet have a release date.


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Work At Manchester Dump Meant To Curb Stink
Forty-two new landfill gas wells are being installed at the Manchester landfill to help contain methane and other gases that have caused a chronic stench in the landfill and surrounding areas of town.
MANCHESTER — A drilling rig with a 150-foot-long telescoping shaft and a bit the size of an oil drum has been digging holes in the town landfill for the past several weeks.
Rig operator Corey Blevins on Thursday sunk the jagged-toothed bit into a fresh spot in the 66-acre dump as construction of 42 new gas containment wells neared completion. The overall project, designed to capture and burn off methane and other gases, is to be finished in July.
The approximately $1.6 million project is meant to quell a stink that periodically envelops the western side of town. Residents and those who have to work, travel and attend school in the area have complained for the past 3 ½ years of a recurring, eye-watering stench.
Town Environmental Services Manager Brooks Parker has likened the landfill off Olcott Street to a giant layer cake. Existing gas collection wells in the lower layers (most of which are to be abandoned when the new system is finished) feed a "flare," where methane burns off at about 1,500 degrees. The burn-off neutralizes odors.
Much waste has been added to the dump, however, since the old wells were installed in 2001. Instead of being burned off, built-up gas from decomposing material in those added layers has seeped out and spread. Although the dump has not accepted methane-rich residential garbage for many years, wood, gypsum board and other construction debris also produce gases, including methane and hydrogen sulfide.
Cheri Eckbreth, a West Center Street resident and minority leader on the town board of directors, has experienced the worst of the stench. As a public leader, she also has fielded complaints from neighbors who have had to shut their windows in warm weather and call off outdoor barbecues. The odor has been particularly strong when the barometric pressure is low.
Aware that property values could plummet with the rising stink, town leaders had discussed closing the landfill if a remedy could not be found. But the landfill also is a boon to residents. Commercial dumping fees fund curbside pickup of trash, recyclables, bulky waste, leaves and other yard waste — services that people in most other towns either pay for or don't receive.
To solve the odor problem and keep the landfill operating until at least 2025, the board of directors late last year added about $777,000 in town funds to a $780,000 state grant to install the gas collection infrastructure. The system is designed to capture and burn off 90 to 95 percent of landfill gases, officials have said.
"Neighborhood comfort and livability is driving the greater investment," General Manager Scott Shanley has said. "They deserve to have this issue well addressed."
The digging has uncovered a timeline in waste, including VCR tapes, newspapers from the 1980s and once-popular sneakers. The digging also has increased the amount of methane being captured by the old well system, Parker said. Eckbreth said she has noticed a lessening of the odor during the recent stretch of relatively pleasant weather.
The deepest new well is 138 feet, but most are about 50-100 feet deep. The freshly dug shafts are fitted with 6-inch vertical pipes that are perforated along much of their length to collect gas from inside the landfill. The gas will move from the wells through lateral pipes to a collection line along the landfill perimeter and then to the burner.


"As we know, there are known knowns. There are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns. That is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns, the ones we don't know we don't know."--Donald Rumsfeld, Feb. 12, 2002 Regardless of what one thinks of Donald Rumsfeld's tenure as Secretary of Defense, these words hold a pearl of wisdom that applies to organizations struggling to comply with privacy and security laws. One of the major difficulties for modern organizations working with private personal information is simply knowing what privacy and security laws apply to their operations. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that, even for smaller- and medium-sized organizations, modern commerce often involves transacting with consumers in multiple legal jurisdictions (e.g. local, State, Federal and international). In short, since privacy and security laws from several jurisdictions may apply, it is highly likely that a lot of "unknown unknowns" exist, which can cause adverse impacts. This month's newsletter explores an instance where unknown unknowns may have come into play in the privacy context, and how organizations can begin to address the problem.
FACTA Credit Card Receipt Class Action Suits a Cause for Serious Concern.
In sum, if a company knowingly and intentionally performs an act that violates FCRA, either knowing that the action violates the rights of consumers or in reckless disregard of those rights, the company will be liable under 15 U.S.C. § 1681n for willfully violating consumers' rights. A company will not have acted in reckless disregard of a consumers' rights if it has diligently and in good faith attempted to fulfill its statutory obligations and to determine the correct legal meaning of the statute and has thereby come to a tenable, albeit erroneous, interpretation of the statute. In contrast, neither a deliberate failure to determine the extent of its obligations nor reliance on creative lawyering that provides indefensible answers will ordinarily be sufficient to avoid a conclusion that a company acted with willful disregard of FCRA's requirement. Reliance on such implausible interpretations may constitute reckless disregard for the law and therefore amount to a willful violation of the law (emphasis added).
This interpretation differs from interpretations in other Federal Appellate Districts, and this issue has now been argued before the U.S. Supreme Court (additional Supreme Court briefs and other information can be found here). If the Supreme Court disagrees with the 9th Circuit's (and the 3rd Circuit's) interpretation of "willfully," then these class actions may be difficult for plaintiffs to win (it is doubtful that plaintiffs will be able to establish actual damages to recover for "negligent" failure to comply with FCRA). Many corporate defendants reported that they were "surprised" by the FACTA credit card receipt requirements despite the three-year grace period to achieve compliance. That seems like a plausible explanation considering that most rational companies, had they known of this requirement, would most likely have chosen to limit the information on their credit card receipts rather than face a potential fine of up to $1000 per violation and expensive attorney fees to defend class action lawsuits. Nonetheless, these companies are now experiencing the risks and expense associated with unknown privacy laws.
What should companies do to address "unknown unknowns" when it comes to privacy laws?
While the risks and problems associated with unknown privacy or security regulations may never be fully solved, the awareness of organizations and the skill and talent available to address the problem are probably at their highest. Companies simply need to acknowledge the fact that unknown unknowns exist in the privacy world, and dedicate time and resources toward at least converting them into "known unknowns." Even unaddressed privacy laws are better than unknown laws because at least the organization is aware of some risk and presumably has factored it into their overall risk management scheme. Organizations that are serious about understanding the full scope of their risk need to engage in a due diligence investigation, and need to at least try to adhere to common industry privacy practices and security standards. Companies should also seriously consider transferring their residual risk rather than engaging in potentially never-ending and expensive attempts to "eliminate" their risk. When these steps are taken, organizations can decrease the risk and loss associated with unknown security and privacy laws.


High quality and high brightness LED light source, high luminous efficiency, high color rendering, no radiation pollution, and long life.
Modular road lights, through the adjustment of the angle of the light source mode to control the different road illumination requirements.
Aluminum alloy lamp body, solid structure, good shock resistance, and to ensure that the lamps can work in tough outdoor environment.
Patented cooling technology to effectively control the working temperature of the LED light source, to further improve the light efficiency and prolong life.


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IATT-YKP.ORG
Vasily grossman books and plays
[Review] The Trials of Vasily Grossman, by Aaron Lake Smith | Harper's Magazine
I n September the German high command announced that the city of Stalingrad had fallen. Soviet troops were clinging on to a narrow strip of land next to the Volga river, and held a couple of giant factories to the north. Their situation seemed hopeless. After a spectacular advance, German officers believed they had won the war, with the Red Army doomed and in retreat. Grossman originally envisaged Stalingrad and his masterpiece, Life and Fate , as a single organic work. Stalingrad is a dazzling prequel. It features characters who appear in both.
File Name: vasily grossman books and plays.zip
Vassili grossman
The Best Vasily Grossman Books. recommended by Maxim D Shrayer. The Soviet writer bore witness to the horrors of Russia's World War Two and the Shoah.
Stalingrad by Vasily Grossman review – one of the great novels of the 20th century
Make Your Own List. He recommends the best books by and about Vasily Grossman. Interview by Alec Ash. He has authored and edited over ten books of criticism, biography, non-fiction, fiction, poetry and translation. Shrayer has edited and co-translated three volumes of fiction by his father, David Shrayer-Petrov. To begin with, why does the Soviet writer Vasily Grossman deserve our attention?
There were two major acts in the life of Jewish-Russian writer Vasily Grossman, and in each he played a different role. The first is bound up in the epochal events of the twentieth century: the battles of Stalingrad, Kursk, and Berlin; the genocides at Treblinka and Auschwitz. I experienced both massive bombing raids and barrages of mortar and artillery fire. It remains one of the finest, providing firsthand forensic documentation—Grossman meticulously lays out the physical dimensions of the camp, down to the square footage—and then icily explaining the engineering of genocide. Grossman was a fiction writer before the war, and his journalism—even his concentration camp reportage—is uncommonly enlivened by telling descriptions of the besieged landscape, expert character profiles, and an irrepressible tendency toward philosophical reflection and emotional outburst. The war itself, Grossman believed, was a noble struggle against that very process of dehumanization.
Look Inside. Jun 11, ISBN Launched in the summer, the campaign soon picks up speed, as the routed Red Army is driven back to the industrial center of Stalingrad on the banks of the Volga. In the rubble of the bombed-out city, Soviet forces dig in for a last stand. At the heart of the novel is the Shaposhnikov family.
The Complete Black Book of Russian Jewry
Born to a Jewish family in Ukraine , then a part of the Russian Empire , Grossman trained as a chemical engineer at Moscow State University , earning the nickname Vasya-khimik Vasya the Chemist because of his diligence as a student. Upon graduation he took a job in Stalino now Donetsk in the Donets Basin. In the s he changed careers. He began writing full-time and published a number of short stories and several novels. At the outbreak of the Second World War , he was engaged as a war correspondent by the Red Army newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda ; he wrote first-hand accounts of the battles of Moscow , Stalingrad , Kursk and Berlin.
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The Life and Fate of Vasily Grossman
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Stalingrad: A Novel.
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James Martin Davis was booked at 12:27 PM on Friday, April 21st by Portland Police, East Precinct. Davis was booked into Multnomah County Jail in Portland, Oregon.
No bail has been set for Davis which is listed as a 5 ft 10 in white male weighing approximately 180 lbs.
James Martin Davis is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
Violation driving while suspended or revoked; penalties.
(1) A person commits the offense of violation driving while suspended or revoked if the person does any of the following:(a) Drives a motor vehicle upon a highway during a period when the person's driving privileges or right to apply for driving privileges have been suspended or revoked in this state by a court or by the Department of Transportation.
(b) Drives a motor vehicle outside the limitations of a probationary permit issued under ORS 807.270 or a hardship driver permit issued under ORS 807.240, including any limitations placed on the permit under ORS 813.510.
(c) Drives a commercial motor vehicle upon a highway during a period when the person's driving privileges or commercial driving privileges have been suspended or revoked in this state or any other jurisdiction.
(2) Affirmative defenses to the offense described in this section are established under ORS 811.180.
(3) The offense described in this section is applicable upon any premises open to the public.


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'IT: Chapter Two' exclusive: Stephen King pays tribute to Bill Skarsgård's 'balletic' Pennywise performance
That Bill Skarsgård isn't part of the awards season discussion for the year's best actor is a crime, as his indelible performance as Pennywise in IT: Chapter Two - and its predecessor IT - is one for the ages.
And we're not the only ones who adored his turn as the shapeshifting murderous space clown as Stephen King, who penned the original horror novel, is also a huge fan.
"It's a tremendously physical performance," King says in the exclusive new clip from the home entertainment release of IT: Chapter Two above.
"He works really hard. It's just amazing, it's balletic, it's so good."
Read more: Six-foot Pennywise doll announced
The new video shows Skarsgård in action as the killer clown in previously unseen behind-the-scenes footage. One brilliant moment shows the Swedish actor breaking character after director Andy Muschietti calls cut, to congratulate his young co-star Ryan Kiera Armstrong, whose character falls victim to the clown.
Nobody leaves Pennywise hanging. (Warner Bros. Home Entertainment)
It's a rare moment of levity from the character whose menacing presence looms over both films in the IT saga. While filming the first film, Skarsgård admitted scaring some of the younger extras on set.
"Some of them were really intrigued, but some couldn't look at me, and some were shaking. This one kid started crying. He started to cry and the director yelled, 'Action!' And when they say 'action', I am completely in character," the actor told Interview magazine.
Bill Skarsgård as Pennywise in IT: Chapter Two. (Warner Bros.)
"So some of these kids got terrified and started to cry in the middle of the take, and then I realised, 'Holy s***. What am I doing? What is this? This is horrible'. But then we cut, and obviously I was all, 'Hey, I'm sorry. This is pretend'."
IT: Chapter Two picks up 27 years after the events of IT, with Pennywise returning to terrorise Derry, and the Loser's Club, once again.
Read more: Parents complain over IT: Chapter Two billboard
It stars James McAvoy, Jessica Chastain, Bill Hader, Isaiah Mustafa, Jay Ryan, James Ransone, and Andy Bean. Reprising their roles as the young members of the Losers Club are Jaeden Martell as Bill, Wyatt Oleff as Stanley, Jack Dylan Grazer as Eddie, Finn Wolfhard as Richie, Sophia Lillis as Beverly, Chosen Jacobs as Mike, and Jeremy Ray Taylor as Ben.
IT: Chapter Two is available on Digital Download now. Own it on 4K UHD Steelbook, 4K UHD, Blu-ray and DVD from 13 January.
#stephen-king
#it-chapter-two
#exclusives
#bill-skarsgård
'Onward' interview: Pixar producer Kori Rae says the film didn't always have a fantasy setting (exclusive)
'Uncut Gems' directors reveal how the movie would've changed without Adam Sandler (exclusive)
Edgar Wright's Last Night In Soho is 'dark, twisted, and thrilling' teases screenwriter Krysty Wilson-Cairns
'Jojo Rabbit' interview: Taika Waititi and his cast on the limits of comedy
Hugh Grant on going dark for 'The Gentlemen' and if 'Paddington 2' villain will return (exclusive)


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Our ECE Faculty members are internationally recognized, active in state-of-the-art research within Electrical and Computer Engineering and across other disciplines with faculty members in other departments. Faculty are listed below in alphabetical order with a brief overview of their current research areas.
ECE Faculty Research Interests
The faculty in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering are active in a number of research areas and projects. The following describes the primary research interests of the faculty.
Ben Miled, Zina, Ph.D., Associate Professor (zmiled@iupui.edu)
She received her Ph.D. in computer engineering from Purdue University in 1997. Her research activities include machine learning, data analytics, knowledge discovery, data models for complex systems, enterprise-wide software systems and high performance computing.
Chen, Yaobin, Ph.D., Chancellor's Professor, Director of TASI (ychen@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1988. Current interest areas of research: include intelligent transportation systems, automated vehicles, EV and HEV, intelligent controls and robotics.
Chien, Stanley, Ph.D., Professor (schien@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Purdue University in 1989. His research interests are intelligent robotics automation, intelligent robot system, transportation system safety, object-oriented programming & database and parallel computing.
Christopher, Lauren, Ph.D., Associate Professor (lauchris@iupui.edu)
She received her Ph.D. from Purdue University in 2003. Research interests are 3D computer vision, 3D Machine (Deep) Learning, 3D image capture, & 3D visualization research, involving mathematical optimization. Supporting Research: IC design primarily with FPGA
dos Santos, Euzeli, Ph.D., Assistant Professor (eudossan@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Federal University of Campina Grande/Texas A&M University in 2007. Research interests are power electronics, renewable energy, energy efficiency, and motor drive systems
El-Sharkawy, Mohamed., Ph.D. Professor and Director of IoT Collaboratory (melshark@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Southern Methodist University in 1985. His research interests include internet of things (IoT), embedded systems, autonomous embedded systems, wireless communication, digital signal processing, multimedia & image processing.
Kim, Dongsoo, Ph.D., Associate Professor (dskim@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from University of Minnesota in 1998. Research activities include computer communication networks, wireless mobile networks, performance measurements, and real-time operating systems, Internet of Things (IoT), complex networks, data engineering and machine learning.
King, Brian, Ph.D., Associate Professor, ECE Department Chair (briking@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. degress in 1990 and 2000 from University of Wisconsin Milwaukee. His research interests include information security, computer and network security, wireless security, cryptography, algorithms, and applied mathematics
Koskie, Sarah, Ph.D., Associate Professor (skoskie@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from from Rutgers in 2003. Her interests include control theory, system identification, game theory, and their applications, including biological, automotive, aerospace, and communication systems.
Lee, John, Ph.D., Associate Professor (johnlee@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Georgia Institute of Technology in 2004. Current research interests include internet of things (IoT), block chain technology, systems & hardware-oriented, FPGA-assisted, or GPU-based parallel acceleration of algorithms and application.
Li, Lingxi, Ph.D., Associate Professor (ll7@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from University of Illinois in 2008. His research focuses on the modeling, analysis, and control of complex systems; discrete event dynamic systems; intelligent transportation systems; intelligent vehicles; active safety systems; connected and automated vehicles; and human factors.
Rizkalla, Maher, Ph.D., Professor and Associate Chair (mrizkall@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Case Western Reserve University in 1985. His research areas of interest include applied superconductivity & electromagnetics, solid state electronics, VLSI design, nano scale devices, and MEMS & NEMS.
Rovnyak, Steven, Ph.D., Associate Professor (srovnyak@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1994. Research interests include Pattern recognition methodologies for protective relaying & for one-shot stability controls in electric power systems, distributed generator control, dynamic systems, signal processing, and pattern recognition applications.
Russomanno, David, Ph.D., Professor and Dean School of Engineering and Technology
*Due to Administrative duties, he is currently not accepting new students His interests include intelligent sensors and supporting software infrastructure, knowledge representation and inference, including Semantic Web applications, data and knowledge visualization, software engineering, logic programming applications, GIS and STEM education.
Salama, Paul, Ph.D., Professor and Associate Dean of Graduate Programs (psalama@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Purdue University in 1999. Research activities include biomedical image/data analysis, machine learning, deep learning (implemented on GPU's), signal/image/video processing, image/video compression, image/video security and restoration/reconstruction, digital communication, error resilience and concealment
Peter Schubert, Ph.D., Professor and Director Lugar Center for Renewable Energy (pjschube@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Purdue University in 1990. Research activities include renewable energy with hydrogen, solar, biomass; simulation, modeling, algorithms, and signal processing; space-based manufacturing; and environmental remediation.
Zhang, Qingxue, Ph.D., Assistant Professor (qxzhang@iu.edu)
He finished his postdoc at Harvard Medical School & Mass. General Hospital in 2018, received his Ph.D. from University of Texas at Dallas in 2013, and worked in industry for 6 years. He is interested in smart health, artificial intelligence, medical internet of things, wearable computer, embedded system, and physiological signal sensing & processing.
Adjunct Faculty Interests
Agarwal, Mangilal, Ph.D (agarwal@iupui.edu)
Interdisciplinary Research Initiatives and Micro/Nanomanufacturing - Nanoscale-based devices & systems, nanoelectronics, microelectromechanical Systems, layer-by-layer assembly (nanometer coatings) for different applications, and carbon nanotubes & applications.
Ding, Zhengming Ph.D. (zd2@iu.edu)
He received his Ph.D from Northeastern University in 2018. His research interests computer vision, machine learning.
Guo, Xiaonan, Ph.D. (xg6@iu.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2013. His research interests are in cyber security and privacy; security in mobile devices; IoT security, intrusion detection using WiFi for smart homes; mobile healthcare and large data analysis on mobile devices.
Izadian, Afshin, Ph.D. (aizadian@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from West Virginia University. His research interests are control of renewable energy systems, control of power converters, nonlinear controls and fault diagnosis, microsystems, MEMS and digital microfluidic energy conversion
Jafari, Ali, Ph.D. (jafari@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Indiana University in 1988 and is currently the IUPUI CyberLab Director. Research activities are user interface design, smart learning environments, distance learning, and intelligent agents both from conceptual and architectural perspectives.
Li, Feng, Ph.D. (fengli@iupui.edu)
His research areas include: Wireless security, socially intelligent computing, cloud security, wireless mobile networks, computer & network security, and algorithms.
Liu, Hongbo, Ph.D. ( hl45@iupui.edu)
His research areas include: Cyber Security and Privacy - Pervasive computing & smart systems, mobile computing & wireless networks, big data and cloud computing.
Luo, Xiao, Ph.D. (luo25@iupui.edu)
She received her Ph.D. from Dalhousie University in 2009. Her research interests include Data science, Health informatics, Natural Language processing, machine learning, and predictive analysis
Savoy, April, Ph.D. (asavoy@iupui.edu)
She received her Ph.D. from Purdue University in 2008. Her research interests are in health information technology, human factors engineering, human computer interaction
Tian, Renran, Ph.D. (rtian@iupui.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from Purdue University, 2013. His Research Interests: autonomous driving, cyber-human system, computational behavior modeling, cognitive psychology, and data mining and machine learning.
Zhang, Chi, Ph.D. (czhang87@iu.edu)
He received his Ph.D. from University of Georgia in 2016. Research activities include high dimensional matrix low/local-rank representation, multi-omics/biomedical data integration, computational biology and bioinformatics, system biology and statistical learning.


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NBA Standings 2020: Updated Playoff Picture, Bracket Heading into Final Games
Bleacher Report - Jake Rill
It took until their fifth game in the NBA bubble, but the Memphis Grizzlies finally have their first win since the 2019-20 season resumed. On Friday, the Grizzlies, who still hold the No. 8 spot in the...
NBA Playoff Standings 2020: Final Regular-Season Records, Seedings and Bracket
Bleacher Report - Joe Tansey
Fifteen NBA teams have moved on from the seeding games inside the Orlando, Florida, bubble to preparing for first-round playoff matchups. The Milwaukee Bucks and Los Angeles Lakers did not face much trouble...
NBA Playoffs 2020: Predictions for Top Seeds and Final Postseason Standings
Bleacher Report - Zach Buckley
The Milwaukee Bucks climbed out of a 23-point deficit and into the Eastern Conference's No. 1 seed for the second straight season. Milwaukee clinched the conference's top playoff position with a 130-116...
NBA Playoff Picture 2020: Latest East, West Standings and Bracket Scenarios
Bleacher Report - Kristopher Knox
The NBA restart in Orlando kicked off on Thursday night, and with three days of action now in the rear view, the picture for the playoff proper is starting to take shape. While there is still time for...
NBA Playoff Picture 2020: Updated Bracket, Standings and Seed Predictions
Even as the seeding portion of the NBA restart nears its halfway point, most races for contested playoff positions remain too close to call. The Los Angeles Lakers have already clinched the No. 1 seed...
NBA Playoffs 2020: Latest Postseason Odds and Standings
Rudy Gobert hit a pair of late free throws to seal a Utah Jazz victory, LeBron James made a late putback to lift the Los Angeles Lakers and the 2019-20 NBA season wasted no time in providing exciting upon...
NBA Playoff Standings 2020: Updated Team Records, Seedings and More
The Portland Trail Blazers gained the first advantage in the hunt for the Western Conference's No. 8 seed Friday. Portland moved within 2.5 games of the Memphis Grizzlies by way of a head-to-head victory,...


Flyte Weld, Inc Makes it a Point to Keep All of Our Approvals Within the Industry and We Are Always Searching to Add More. If You Don't See A Prime that You are Doing Work For On Our List, Please Let Us Know and We Will See What We Can Do To Get Approved For That Prime.
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This CP gives a description of the procedures and requirements related to documentation, design and type testing applicable for TA of booster units.
This CP does not set the design requirements to the booster units. TA is based on compliance with design requirements given in the DNV GL rules and/or other regulations and standards. The CP describes the applicable design requirements and how to document compliance with the requirements in order to obtain a TA certificate for the equipment.


Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disorder that causes a strong urge to move your legs. This urge to move often occurs with strange and unpleasant feelings in your legs. Moving your legs relieves the urge and the unpleasant feelings. People who have RLS describe the unpleasant feelings as creeping, crawling, pulling, itching, tingling, burning, aching, or electric shocks. Sometimes, the feelings also occur in the arms. The urge to move and unpleasant feelings occur when you are resting and inactive. They tend to be worse in the evening and at night and are temporarily relieved in the morning. RLS can make it hard to fall asleep and stay asleep. It may make you feel tired and sleepy during the day. This can make it hard to learn, work, and do your normal routine. Not getting enough sleep also can cause depression, mood swings, or other health problems.
Some diseases, conditions, and medicines also may trigger RLS. For example, it has been associated with kidney failure, Parkinson disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, and iron deficiency. When a disease, condition, or medicine causes RLS, the symptoms usually start suddenly. Medical conditions or medicines often cause or worsen the type of RLS that starts later in life.
RLS symptoms often get worse over time. However, some people's symptoms go away for weeks to months. If a condition or medicine triggers RLS, it may go away if the trigger is relieved or stopped. For example, RLS that occurs due to pregnancy tends to go away after giving birth. Kidney transplants (but not dialysis) relieve RLS linked to kidney failure. Treatments for RLS include lifestyle changes and medicines. Some simple lifestyle changes often help relieve mild cases of RLS. Medicines usually can relieve or prevent the symptoms of more severe RLS. Research is ongoing to better understand the causes of RLS and to find better treatments.
Sleep apnea often goes undiagnosed. Doctors usually cannot detect the condition during routine office visits. Also, there are no blood tests for the condition. Most people who have sleep apnea do not know they have it because it only occurs during sleep. A family member and/or bed partner may first notice the signs of sleep apnea. The most common type of sleep apnea is obstructive sleep apnea. This most often means that the airway has collapsed or is blocked during sleep. The blockage may cause shallow breathing or breathing pauses. When you try to breathe, any air that squeezes past the blockage can cause loud snoring. Obstructive sleep apnea happens more often in people who are overweight, but it can affect anyone.
Central sleep apnea is a less common type of sleep apnea. It happens when the area of your brain that controls your breathing does not send the correct signals to your breathing muscles. You make no effort to breathe for brief periods. Central sleep apnea often occurs with obstructive sleep apnea, but it can occur alone. Snoring does not typically happen with central sleep apnea.
Narcolepsy is a disorder that causes periods of extreme daytime sleepiness. It also may cause muscle weakness. Rarely, people who have this disorder fall asleep suddenly, even if they are in the middle of talking, eating, or another activity. Most people who have narcolepsy also have trouble sleeping at night.
Cataplexy - a condition that causes a sudden loss of muscle tone while you are awake. Muscle weakness can occur in certain parts of your body or in your whole body. For example, if cataplexy affects your hand, you may drop what you are holding. Strong emotions often trigger this weakness. It may last seconds or minutes.
Sleep paralysis - a condition that prevents you from moving or speaking while waking up and sometimes while falling asleep. Sleep paralysis usually goes away within a few minutes.
Hallucinations - vivid dreams that occur while falling asleep or waking up.
Hypocretin, a chemical in the brain, helps control levels of wakefulness. Most people who have narcolepsy have low levels of this chemical. What causes these low levels is not well understood. Researchers think that certain factors may work together to cause a lack of hypocretin. Examples include heredity; brain injuries; contact with toxins, such as pesticides; and autoimmune disorders.
Narcolepsy affects between 50,000 and 2.4 million people in the United States. Symptoms usually begin during the teen or young adult years. Due to extreme tiredness, people who have narcolepsy may find it hard to function at school, work, home, and in social situations.
Narcolepsy has no cure, but medicines, lifestyle changes, and other therapies can improve symptoms. Research on the causes of narcolepsy and new ways to treat it is ongoing.
Insomnia is a common condition in which you have trouble falling or staying asleep. This condition can range from mild to severe, depending on how often it occurs, and for how long. Insomnia can be chronic or acute. Chronic insomnia means having symptoms at least 3 nights a week for more than a month. Acute insomnia lasts for less time. Some people who have insomnia may have trouble falling asleep. Other people may fall asleep easily but wake up too soon. Others may have trouble with both falling asleep and staying asleep. As a result, insomnia may cause you to get too little sleep or have poor-quality sleep. You may not feel refreshed when you wake up.
There are two types of insomnia. The most common type is called secondary or comorbid insomnia. This type of insomnia is a symptom or side effect of some other problem. More than 8 out of 10people who have insomnia are believed to have secondary insomnia. Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders, and substances can cause secondary insomnia. In contrast, primary insomnia is not due to a medical problem, medicines, or other substances. It is its own disorder. A number of life changes can trigger primary insomnia, including long-lasting stress and emotional upset. Insomnia can cause excessive daytime sleepiness and a lack of energy. It also can make you feel anxious, depressed, or irritable. You may have trouble focusing on tasks, paying attention, learning, and remembering. This can prevent you from doing your best at work or school. Insomnia also can cause other serious problems. For example, you may feel drowsy while driving, which could lead to an accident.
Sleep apnea is a common disorder in which you have one or more pauses in breathing or shallow breaths while you sleep. Breathing pauses can last from a few seconds to minutes. They often occur 5 to 30 times or more an hour. Typically, normal breathing then starts again, sometimes with a loud snort or choking sound. Sleep apnea usually is a chronic condition that disrupts your sleep 3 or more nights each week. You often move out of deep sleep and into light sleep when your breathing pauses or becomes shallow.


A mother was sitting by the roadside. She did business there. And her baby was on her knees. It was sleeping peacefully. There was evidence of Thanaka on its little face. Burmese people seemed to grow to adulthood along with Thanaka.
By the way, I have never seen any men working with their little kids. Anyone who worked while looking after kids were women here. The parental care was still considered as a job for women here.


i've been absent for far too long, and i'm hoping to remedy that in the coming weeks/months.
i'm looking at migrating the site to a new software platform, though i still like the clean feel for wordpress.
thanks for all of the kind attention and feedback.
i ran 57.7 mi…alone and unsupported!
i'm on elective this week, which means quite a lot of free time. i had two plans, but they both failed to materialize.
first, i was intending to run a 50k at boggs mountain (in nearby wine country), only to realize that i was viewing a website from 2010. the race, apparently, was not repeated this year.
second, i was intending to solo climb mt sill (the 4th highest peak in CA). my father, recently arrived in CA, was going to shuttle me out, through yoesmite, to the east side of the sierras. we were all ready to go. a problem materialized…the first big storm of 2011 is set to hit the sierras on 11/4 – the anticipated date of my climb. mt sill is expected to be 10 F at the base and -15 F at the summit (with 50mph+ winds). this, needless to say, was not going to happen.
plan 3 was composed yesterday and executed today. i found a series of trails, starting in nearby loma mar (of the santa cruz mountains) and ending on waddell beach. i put together my pack, and set out on a solo endurance run this morning.
i hit the trail at 6am, kept a steady pace, made the pacific by 11:45, and returned to the car by 5:15. the total distance, my longest continuous run, was 57.7mi!