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Q: Is the dimensionality of a quantum field proportional to the amount of particles? This is a very basic question about quantum physics (I'm not a physicist).
My understanding from classical field theory is that there is one field of a given type. E.g. there is one gravitational field.
However in quantum theory of one one dimensional particle, the position and velocity of the particle are described by a single dimensional wave/scalar field each.
This suggests to me that if we have a quantum field that describes for example the light emitted from the sun, then the dimensionality of this quantum field equals 6N where N is the amount of emitted photons that we want to consider.
I am not sure if this is right because I originally thought that photons are "excitations" of the electromagnetic field, i.e. that there is one 3 dimensional field and that photons are locations where the field has high scalar value.
Am I correct that the dimensionality of a quantum field is proportional to the amount of particles?

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Dancing on Christopher Hitchens' grave? The tricky business of talking about consequences
October 25, 2015 October 26, 2015 rogermagnusson Uncategorized	Christopher Hitchens, Chronic disease prevention, Gun safety, Health Policy, Michael Bloomberg, Nanny state, Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), tobacco, United States
Vanity Fair, February 2004
A "pro-smoking blogger for the libertarian right" accuses me of "dancing on Christopher Hitchens' grave".
And other stuff.
Christopher Snowdon is a Research Fellow for the UK-based Institute of Economic Affairs, a think tank that receives tobacco funding. He is an opponent of plain tobacco packaging, keeper of the pure flame of libertarianism etc.
My sin – contained in a paper forming part of a symposium on public health regulation and the "nanny state", was to reflect on a self-confessed "crime spree" Hitchens took in New York City in late 2003.
During the course of an autumn day, Hitchens broke as many of the city's "petty ordinances" as he could, particularly its smoke-free laws.
At the time, Michael Bloomberg was in the second year of his first, 4-year term as NYC Mayor. He went on to serve 3 full terms, introducing tobacco control laws that saw the adult smoking rate fall by 28% between 2002 and 2012, and the youth smoking rate fall by 52% between 2001-2011 .
Which is a terrible result, if you're a tobacco company, but a magnificent result for New Yorkers – with changed life trajectories and longer, healthier lives for hundreds of thousands of people.
You can read about Michael Bloomberg's public health legacy here.
Apparently embittered at the constraints on his smoking, Hitch lashed out, reflecting on the "shriveled core of the tiny Bloombergian mind", and ending with:
"Who knows what goes on in the tiny, constipated chambers of his mind? All we know for certain is that one of the world's most broad-minded and open cities is now in the hands of a picknose control freak."
The editor of Vanity Fair, Graydon Carter, who at the time was being serially fined by the NYC Health Department for flouting its smoke-free laws and smoking in his office, published the whole account.
Then, in June 2010, at the height of his powers, Hitchens announced he had cancer of the oesophagus. As one journalist wrote, "The celebrated drinker and smoker who once claimed that "booze and fags are happiness" had succumbed to a cancer most often associated with drinking and smoking."
Hitchens died less than 18 months later.
Like his hero Hitchens, Snowdon believes that smoke-free laws are anti-libertarian. The mind boggles at this point, given that globally, one in ten people who die from tobacco are non-smokers who are unintentionally harmed (poisoned) by smokers….
However, to my mind the more interesting theme that excites Snowdon is the question of whether Hitchens' diagnosis challenged his libertarian convictions. Snowdon assumes that the rationale for discussing this issue was to concoct some sort of contrived, deathbed confession:
"Magnusson clearly thinks that Hitchens got his comeuppance when he died of cancer and wants to believe that he renounced his principles on his death bed."
The record shows that Christopher Hitchens castigated those who promoted effective tobacco control, yet spoke frankly and publicly about his own cancer, acknowledging that it was probably caused by his smoking and drinking.
Hitchens made his choices, and talked about them freely. He made his private life a public matter.
So we have permission, I think, to talk about Hitchens – who I suspect would have approved of being the topic of conversation.
"I've come by this particular tumor honestly", he told Anderson Cooper on CNN in August 2010. "If you smoke, which I did for many years very heavily with occasional interruption, and if you use alcohol, you make yourself a candidate for it in your sixties." "I might as well say to anyone who might be watching – if you can hold it down on the smokes and the cocktails you may be well advised to do so".
Cooper responded "That's probably the subtlest anti-smoking message I've ever heard".
"The other ones tend to be more strident", Hitchens replied, "and for that reason, easy to ignore".
"Even if this weren't incredibly tasteless" Snowdon writes, "Magnusson could hardly have found a less fitting person to use as an example."
Snowdon seems to think that the point of discussing Hitchens is to trip him up on his words, seek to make an object lesson out of him, or worse, to gloat.
But there are other reasons why Hitchens' account of his illness is worth reflecting on.
Certainly, it was a compelling story. Statistics are easy to brush off: just ask a smoker. But stories are a little harder.
Here comes this libertarian prophet – as sure as any libertarian ever was about the infantilising effect of public health laws – suddenly forced to come face to face with his own premature (and probably preventable) death. Did he have conflicting feelings, second thoughts? It's not an unfair question.
"In whatever kind of a 'race' life may be", Hitchens wrote in 2010, "I have very abruptly become a finalist….In one way, I suppose, I have been 'in denial' for some time, knowingly burning the candle at both ends … .[F]or precisely that reason, I can't see myself smiting my brow with shock or hear myself whining about how it's all so unfair … . Instead, I am badly oppressed by a gnawing sense of waste. I had real plans for my next decade and felt I'd worked hard enough to earn it. Will I really not live to see my children married? To watch the World Trade Center rise again?"
Through his story, we catch a glimpse of the public interest that public health laws and policies are intended to protect.
The public interest in tobacco and alcohol control laws does not exist for the sake of some abstracted, disembodied "public", but ultimately for the sake of all those individuals who might otherwise die prematurely, or just as frequently, as Simon Chapman writes, live long in distress and isolation due to the disintegrating impacts of their illness.
Bloomberg's tobacco control laws were intended to help prevent the kind of death Hitchens died. To say that is not to gloat.
Consequences tend to be trivialised or absent when libertarians set out their plans for how the world ought to be.
The narrative we tend to get is the one written by the be-suited Hitchens in 2003, flying through Central Park with his feet off the bicycle pedals, witty, cancer-free, not the man 7 years later, who writes "The chest hair that was once the toast of two continents hasn't yet wilted, but so much of it was shaved off for various hospital incisions that it's a rather patchy affair. I feel upsettingly de-natured. If Penélope Cruz were one of my nurses, I wouldn't even notice".
How should public health advocates talk about consequences?
In the United States, gun enthusiasts have become so highly proficient at ignoring consequences that anyone who dares link the most recent gun-related massacre [insert dates & details] with that shocking, leftist, evil thing called "gun control" – is howled down for seeking to "politicise a personal tragedy".
Plenty of compelling stories, it seems, but never a teachable moment.
But for the rest of us, prevention matters because people matter. Their needless suffering or death is relevant to how we evaluate the wisdom of government actions, laws and policies.
The nanny state conspiracy theorists overstate their case. Hitchens' freedom to make choices about smoking, drinking, diet and lifestyle were his for the taking. No one stood in his way.
Hitchens had no Damascus conversion over tobacco, or anything else for that matter, but his public expressions of regret were no less powerful for their subtlety.
[Interview between Anderson Cooper (CNN) and Christopher Hitchens, 6 August 2010: http://www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=385×492527 (transcript); http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2010/08/07/video-extended-interview-hitchens-on-cancer-and-atheism/ (video).]
The ACT sin bins junk food ads on buses
October 2, 2015 October 2, 2015 Belinda Reeve Public Health Law	advertising, alcohol, children, Chronic disease prevention, Food advertising, food policy
The ACT has taken steps to ban fast-food ads on buses. Image from abc.net
The ACT attracted media attention this week for becoming the first Australian jurisdiction to regulate ride-sharing services like Uber. But the ACT's also been active in an area that's close to the heart of many public health advocates: regulation of junk food and alcohol advertising. Promotions for these products will be banned on ACTION buses, along with ads for gambling, fossil fuels, and weapons, under a strict new government policy.
While derided by critics as another example of the "Nanny State" in action, the move represents a win when it comes to protecting children from junk food promotion. In discussing the ban, the ACT Minister for Territory and Municipal Services acknowledged that "[i]t's quite clear that junk food advertising is targeted at children, in many many places it's quite pervasive and… buses are just another example of that… we need to make sure that kids are getting a healthier message given the level of childhood obesity we see in our community."
There's little appetite for stronger restrictions on junk food ads at the federal level, despite the National Preventative Health Taskforce recommending legal measures to reduce children's exposure to junk food ads back in 2008. This was followed by several attempts by The Greens party to introduce legislative amendments that would restrict junk food promotions on television. As with tobacco control, maybe legislative restrictions on junk food marketing to children need to start at the local level and work their way up.
The ACT's policy also reflects growing government interest in "walking the talk" when it comes to obesity prevention, including by restricting the sale and promotion of unhealthy foods and beverages within government institutions. For example, New York City has developed a nutrition policy for all foods purchased, served, or contracted for by City agencies. Across the ditch, the New Zealand Ministry of Health has told all District Health Boards to stop selling soft drink in hospitals. Bans on junk food advertising in government-owned institutions, and on government-owned transport services, could form part of a package of measures that ensure that government agencies take a consistent stance on the importance of good nutrition and preventing weight gain. As noted by the ACT Minister for Territory and Municpal Services, if governments are seeking to promote healthier food to children, "leaving junk food advertising off the buses helps contribute to that overall objective of delivering a healthier message to our kids."
The NZ Health Ministry has called on District Health Boards to stop selling soft drink.

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Kenya teachers say no sympathy for aborting school girls
Most teachers and even some students believe premarital sex, contraceptives, and abortions are a no go for school girls.
Interestingly, more female than male teachers are the most opposed to school girls engaging in such practices.
The general belief is that these acts are sinful, are against religion and culture and at best left alone until marriage.
"When they start using contraceptives this early, what will they do when they get married? To them, it is not a big deal to have many men. And it gives them problems in marriage," says a secondary school female teacher in Kisumu.
In a recent assessment in Western Kenya, on what teachers think of contraceptives use and abortion among school girls, researchers say these were highly resisted.
This resistance, also recorded recently among health workers, is a drawback to last year's global Women Deliver conference in Nairobi which claimed major successes in pushing for the sexual rights of adolescent girls and women.
One of the most contested issues at the global conference was the rights of youths and girls to comprehensive sex education and contraceptives.
"The Sustainable Development Goals cannot be achieved until women, girls and young people are able to control their bodies and their lives," concluded the conference ran under the mantra: My Body, My Life, My World.
The Kisumu study involved 36 secondary school teachers and student peer counselors with a majority, 28, describing chastity and purity before marriage as highly valued feminine ideals.
Student peer counselors are a recent addition in some schools where an older student mentors the younger ones.
The team of researchers from the Kisumu Medical Education Trust (KMET), a local NGO, and Karolinska Institute, Sweden was exploring the attitudes of teachers on contraceptives and abortion among students.
Their findings published last month in BMC Public Health, concludes premarital sex, though quite prevalent in Kenya is highly frowned upon by both teachers and students.
Sex before marriage, most respondents said is unacceptable, and a distinct separation was made between girls who had sex before marriage and girls who waited.
About half of the respondents believed that a girl who has had an abortion might be a bad influence on other girls.
However many of the students' mentors were unhappy with teachers who ridicule girls who had aborted.
"Some teachers, if they know about your story, will always want to use you as an example to the others" said a student mentor.
On contraceptives, a third of the respondents said a schoolgirl cannot decide for herself if to use birth control devices.
However, teachers said they were aware that some of the girls used contraceptives with the assistance and knowledge of their parents.
"Some parents opt to prevent further pregnancies by introducing these contraceptives to their young children" said a male teacher.
"I do not care what the teachers think or say, but I am not going to wait for my girls to bring children here," said Amos Matheka of Pipeline Estate in Nairobi.
A father of three girls, one already with child says the others are on implants. "Telling them about abstaining is like bad gospel. I hope and pray God will protect them against infections," said Matheka, a bus driver.
But it is not only teachers who frown against premarital sex. A recent study by Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi reported high discrimination of adolescent girls giving birth in public hospitals.
The varsity had assessed the kind of care delivering women received in public hospitals in Kisii and Kilifi counties.
They concluded that women of all ages experienced abusive care but younger females, especially adolescents, were more likely to report verbal and physical abuse.
"Some doctors are harsh because you're a girl, during delivery they abuse you and tell you. … Young girl, when you were loitering looking for that pregnancy, were we there?" said a young girl.
Some adolescent women, the study says reported being slapped and disrespectfully interrogated about the father of the child during the labour process.
Apart from health workers being reluctant to help unmarried girls give birth, they are even more hostile when it comes to providing them with contraceptives or the HIV prevention pills.
The HIV prevention pill called pre-exposure prophylaxis or PrEP was launched by the Ministry of Health in 2017 targeting healthy people otherwise at highest risk of HIV infection.
Adolescent girls are listed among groups at highest risk of HIV infections alongside discordant couples, sex workers and drug injectors hence targeted for PrEP distribution.
But data collected by PrEP programmes shows health workers in Kenya are reluctant to give the pills to adolescent girls aged 15 and 17.
The data shows about half of health workers would rather tell sexually active adolescent girls to abstain from sex than give them PrEP.
More than a third, 34 per cent, of the health providers say adolescent girls should disclose PrEP use to their parents something largely opposed by civil groups.
The Kisumu study recommends the need for comprehensive sex education in Kenya and further training of teachers on adolescent sexuality, abortion and contraceptives.
Are Kenya men losing gender war?
Moi University tell of discrimination by American partners
phone interview questions
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FunDape
Resident Evil Village Director Teases Open World Exploration, Capcom Considering Bringing It To Current-Gen Consoles
Resident Evil Village was one of the games present during the Tokyo Games Show, and its director, Morimasa Sato, discussed various aspects of Capcom's upcoming horror game, with the most notable thing being that the series' eighth main installment will be more open than the previous games in the series.
In RE Village, players will be given more freedom to explore, which means that the upcoming game will be less linear than the previous game.
"When you take the word 'village', people picture a small place. But when you look at Village, it has a colossal, distant feel to it," said the game's director. "You have a lot more freedom in Village than in Resident Evil VII. We want players to experiment, to figure out what works for them."
The next installment to the Resident Evil series is specifically being developed for next-gen consoles, but that doesn't mean that it won't be available for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, as Capcom is looking into bringing the game to current-gen consoles. However, it isn't a guarantee, as the game is primarily being developed for the PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X.
During the aforementioned Tokyo Games Show, one of the game's producers said the following regarding the eighth game coming to current-gen consoles.
"While Resident Evil Village is being developed specifically for next-generation consoles and PC, we're looking into delivering the experience on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One as well. We're looking into it, but we can't make any promises, however we will do our best to bring a top-tier survival horror experience to current-generation consoles."
So, if you're not planning on shelling out a few hundred dollars for a next-gen console, then you might still be able to play the eighth mainline installment to the Resident Evil franchise. However, Capcom isn't making any promises, as the game is primarily being developed for next-gen consoles.
Recently, Sony executive Jim Ryan said that some of the next-gen games will end up coming to the PlayStation 4 because the company is aware that the PS4 community will transition to the PS5 at different times, as not everyone will be willing to buy Sony's next-gen console at launch.
As of this writing, there isn't a specific release date attached to Resident Evil Village, but the game is scheduled to be released on next-gen consoles sometime next year, while it remains unclear if the game will be available for the PlayStation 4 or Xbox One.
Read More: Resident Evil Village Director Teases Open World Exploration, Capcom Considering Bringing It To Current-Gen Consoles
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Home Cryptocurrency Blockchain News Update: Mastercard Receives Undesignated Blockchain Payments Transactions Patent
Blockchain News Update: Mastercard Receives Undesignated Blockchain Payments Transactions Patent
According to reports, Mastercard has been granted several Blockchain patents this week. This is a significant indication that the financial services giant has become resilient in its Blockchain adoption. This move may be seen as opposition against the digital token community; however, it shouldn't be a problem as the startup has set its attention on one patent.
What Particular Patent Did Mastercard Discover?
One new patent offered by the USPTO (the United States Patent and Trademark Office), outlines a system that provides anonymous transactions via a Blockchain. Mastercard initially applied for this patent in December 2016. The transparent nature of traditional blockchain transactions, according to Mastercard is an obstacle when it comes to the adoption of the technology in daily payments which is true to some extent, for both businesses and consumers.
When there is anonymity, and others are unable to trace volume information, or individual transactions are also required which ensures that the information of the parties involved in a transaction are safeguarded hence allowing the network to meet the confidentiality needs of the entities involved in said transactions.
Better Privacy For Clients
Zcash has already included similar features that will inevitably improve the privacy policy of blockchain transactions. Now, Mastercard wants to implement this designated transactions utilizing a third-party processor. This isn't new to the crypto ecosystem either as a full class of virtual currencies have made anonymous transactions their primary objective, with Monero (XMR) and Zcash (ZEC) been the most prominent of them all. Bitcoin's Lightning Network also promises to enhance privacy once it becomes more widely adopted.
Zcash (ZEC) Price Today / USD
Bitcoin $42,161.00
Zcash $141.44
Mastercard, on the other hand, intends to achieve this without using a virtual public currency, and maybe in a way that offers law enforcement the ability to track any illicit transaction, even though the patent hasn't specifically addressed the issue. While digital currencies depend on peer-to-peer transactions, Mastercard's proposed system relies on third-party processing which, maintains a database of unique entity profiles. Hence, along with a client's identification data, each parties profile comes with a string of secret information.
Blockchain Mastercard
Zcash Blockchain
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Home Politics Brexit France Responds To UK's Post-Brexit Channel Plan, "We Won't Fall For It"
France Responds To UK's Post-Brexit Channel Plan, "We Won't Fall For It"
Financial experts have warned that the biggest threat the sterling will face is the possibility of a no-deal Brexit outcome between the UK and EU by the end of the transition period on December 31.
France Responds To UK's Post-Brexit Channel Plan, "We Won't Fall For It" / Photo credit: NewsThump
Brexit row gets even tougher as France angrily responds to a statement from the UK about post-Brexit transport plan across the Channel and warned the EU "won't fall for a kind of intimidation at the European level" to reach an agreement.
The major anger is on the UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson insisting on the Internal Market Bill, which seeks to override key elements of the Withdrawal Agreement signed with the EU last year which as a result will break international law.
YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: Mr Johnson's Spokesman Said EU 'Stubbornness' Pushes For A No Deal Brexit
France's Europe minister Clément Beaune in a statement to the Financial Times said, "Of course the signals that have been sent in the past few days are damaging. Anything which disrupts, disturbs or increases tensions in the negotiations is regrettable and we won't fall for a kind of intimidation at the European level."
UK Cabinet minister Michael Gove earlier this week hinted of access permits for international lorries to enter Kent and warned of huge queues of up to 7,000 vehicles waiting to cross the Channel.
Responding to the Channel plan Mr Beaune dismissed and described it as a plot to increase pressure on the EU and snapped back by saying "It won't work. "So let's not waste time with these unfortunate tactical games and let's negotiate fairly."
He, however, said France and the EU remain committed to agreeing on a Brexit deal with the UK but also warned it would not be possible to grant Britain wider access to the continent's market unless it agreed to respect the bloc's health and environmental rules and restrictions on state aid for companies so as to ensure a level playing ground with France and others.
Mr Beaune said, "If we too have to prepare for 'no deal', we are aware of that and we are accelerating these preparations in France. We are preparing for all scenarios. The best outcome is still to have an agreement. It's desirable from a commercial, political and strategic perspective.
"If — and I hope it's not a serious possibility — if the commitments already made were not respected by the UK, it would obviously be extremely difficult for us to make other agreements and to organise our future relationship while having this doubt in our minds.
"So I hope it's just a bad moment. I hope the British parliament and the British government return to strict respect for the commitments made, which is effectively a condition for confidence and the putting in place of the future relationship."
The pound has risen against both the euro and US dollar, adding hope the British currency will end the week firmly on the front foot.
Sterling was up 0.3 per cent against the dollar at $1.2784, after falling to a two-month low of $1.2676 on Wednesday. Then, against the euro, the British currency was also up 0.4 per cent at 91.24 pence, after hitting a one-week high of 91.13 on Thursday.
However, the future of the pound remains bleak as talk of negative rates, the predicted risk of a no-deal Brexit and a second wave of the coronavirus lockdown measures being imposed weigh down the currency.
YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: Ahead Of The Charlie Hebdo Attack Trial, Macron Defends "Freedom To Blaspheme"
Ireland's Foreign Minister said there are golden opportunities for the UK and EU to seal a post-Brexit trade deal before the House of Lords considers the Internal Market Bill.
for negotiations that I hope the two negotiating teams, in particular the UK, will take in terms of giving the signals that are necessary to move this process into a more intensive phase. It is possible to get a deal here," Simon Coveney said.
Hopes of a post-Brexit deal has currently increased after the EU negotiators claimed the PM's hardline tactics had helped increase the opportunity for a deal.
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Boris Johnson Defies Tory MPs As Stricter COVID-19 Control Rules Begins Today
[…] Mr Johnson's new coronavirus control regulation will see new financial support of £500 Test and Trace Payment for low-income households advised to self-isolate from today, but that will be low-income earners who cannot work from home and who lose pay as a result of quarantine. […]


(Santiago) — A law approved last night by the Chilean Congress that denies courts access to the testimonies of thousands of torture victims gravely undermines efforts to prosecute abuses committed under the military government (1973-1990), Human Rights Watch said today.
Last month a presidential commission released a report on the use of torture during the military dictatorship that was based on testimony gathered from thousands of victims. The law bars those testimonies from being divulged for 50 years and explicitly prohibits them from being revealed even to the courts.
The law was approved by both chambers of Congress in less than 48 hours and its secrecy provisions were scarcely debated.
In recent years, Chilean judges have shown courage and tenacity in investigating the systematic human rights abuses of the military era, but these efforts will be seriously impeded by the secrecy rule.
The law provides reparations for more than 27,000 torture victims identified by the National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture, whose report President Ricardo Lagos made public on November 28. Victims will receive annual pensions of between 1,350,000 pesos and 1,550,000 pesos (approximately US$2,300 and US$2,600). Children born in prison or detained with their parents will receive a lump-sum payment of 4 million pesos (approximately US$6,800).
The law's preamble justifies the secrecy rule on the grounds that those who testified before the commission were told that their testimonies would remain confidential. It maintains that these reassurances of confidentiality gave victims confidence to testify and that the government is bound to honor its pledge. It also states that using the testimonies as evidence in judicial proceedings would distort the original purpose of the commission, which was solely to name victims and provide them with reparations.
The government must ask those who testified whether they want their testimonies to be made available to the courts. The government, which formed the commission, has a responsibility to turn over this information to the courts, rather than put the onus on the victims.
After Chile's Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 1991 reported on human rights violations committed under the military government, it turned over its findings on individual cases to the courts.
Less than a week after the release of the torture commission's report in November, a group of lawyers presented a petition on behalf of 21 torture victims. The petition presents charges of torture and illicit association against former military ruler General Augusto Pinochet and Senator Sergio Fernández, who was an interior minister in the military government. The victims' lawyers have requested that Judge Joaquín Billard, who has been appointed by the Santiago Appeals Court to investigate the complaint, obtain relevant testimonies from the commission.


Reusken, Chantal B. E. M.
Background: The family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, holds many of the world's most prevalent arboviral diseases that are also considered the most important travel related arboviral infections. In most cases, flavivirus diagnosis in travelers is primarily based on serology as viremia is often low and typically has already been reduced to undetectable levels when symptoms set in and patients seek medical attention. Serological differentiation between flaviviruses and the false-positive results caused by vaccination and cross-reactivity among the different species, are problematic for surveillance and diagnostics of flaviviruses. Their partially overlapping geographic distribution and symptoms, combined with increase in travel, and preexisting antibodies due to flavivirus vaccinations, expand the need for rapid and reliable multiplex diagnostic tests to supplement currently used methods. Goal: We describe the development of a multiplex serological protein microarray using recombinant NS1 proteins for detection of medically important viruses within the genus Flavivirus. Sera from clinical flavivirus patients were used for primary development of the protein microarray. Results: Results show a high IgG and IgM sensitivity and specificity for individual NS1 antigens, and limited cross reactivity, even within serocomplexes. In addition, the serology based on this array allows for discrimination between infection and vaccination response for JEV vaccine, and no cross-reactivity with TBEV and YFV vaccine induced antibodies when testing for antibodies to other flaviviruses. Conclusion: Based on these data, multiplex NS1-based protein microarray is a promising tool for surveillance and diagnosis of flaviviruses.


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Timboura-Birifor est une localité située dans le département de Midebdo de la province du Noumbiel dans la région Sud-Ouest au Burkina Faso.

Géographie

Le nom du village fait référence à l'ethnie peuple Birifor qui le constitue historiquement.

Histoire

Économie

Santé et éducation

Le centre de soins le plus proche de Timboura-Birifor est le centre de santé et de promotion sociale (CSPS) de Timboura-Lobi tandis que le centre médical avec antenne chirurgicale (CMA) de la province se trouve à Batié.

Notes et références

Ville dans le département de Midebdo

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Private and municipal owners and operators (O/Os) of an underground storage tank (UST) have been able to access a fund that was created in 2014 and is administered under the Michigan Underground Storage Tank Authority (MUSTA) to assist with corrective action, including investigation and cleanup activities, related to a new release of refined petroleum (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc.) from a UST. The MUSTA fund can also be used by an O/O as their financial responsibility obligation (insurance) required under UST regulations. Envirologic has been able to assist both private and municipal clients by navigating them through the process of securing coverage under the MUSTA fund and implementing corrective action.
Recently, Envirologic served a client who was in the process of selling a retail gas station when a gasoline release was discovered during a divestiture Phase II Environmental Site Assessment (ESA). Following discovery of the release, Envirologic submitted the appropriate paperwork to MUSTA, and within weeks the client was granted eligibility under the fund for up to $1,000,000 of coverage for eligible corrective action activities under Part 213 regulations for a UST release. A significant amount of site characterization was implemented in a short period of time due to site conditions (sinking nature of gasoline additive, nearby private supply wells). Except for the $2,000 deductible, all activities were covered under the MUSTA fund.
In less than two years, Envirologic has almost completely defined the subject release (which had multiple source areas), and closure of the investigation is not far off, pending implementation of institutional controls. As capital was readily available through the MUSTA fund, Envirologic was able to move aggressively to define the extent of contamination and address exposure risks associated with the release. This has not only benefited the client by decreasing the investigation timeline, but also provided ease of mind for the surrounding neighbors.
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The Hilton Marina Fort Lauderdale is a full service hotel on Florida's coast with 589 guest rooms in three buildings, 33 boat slips and 21,000 square feet of event space. In this climate, HVAC systems are constantly battling hot, humid outdoor air in order to maintain comfort levels for hotel guests and visitors. At the same time, with limited staffing to monitors these proactively, this became a staffing challenge. In addition the building management system only controlled the common-space air handlers required significant time to address these problems.
Groom Energy approached the building complex in a holistic way. After performing utility data analysis, on-site data logging, a blueprint review and in-person evaluation of the facility, Groom Energy developed incremental, justified, investable upgrade projects which could maximize both investment returns and comfort levels. As is often the case, significant savings were identified from within the property's interrelated systems and determining how to maintain balanced conditioning with dynamic weather and occupancy inputs.
Groom Energy designed and delivered a comprehensivehilton_interior turnkey implementation with property-wide energy metering, efficiency upgrades and a building management system (BMS) expansion. Engineering and finance departments gained visibility to where energy was being used and was alerted earlier to significant issues. The BMS was tuned to automatically adjust chillers for influxes or lulls in need. Simple easy upgrades addressed an assorted number of mechanical system deficiencies.
Lobby air systems were balanced with targeted coil cleanings, kitchen ventilation upgrades and duct replacement. The upgraded BMS could then ensure that the vital actuators and dampers were operating properly. Finally Groom Energy made certain similar future one-time fixes could handled by engineering and maintenance, as well as included as preventative assessment measures in order to maintain the energy savings after all upgrades had been completed.


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Originally Written and Posted at Epinions.com on 11/15/14 w/ Additional Edits.
Blood Simple is the story of a bar owner who suspects about his wife's extramarital affair as he hires a private investigator to kill his wife. Written and directed by by Joel and Ethan Coen, Blood Simple is a dark, fascinating film filled with intrigue and suspenseful moments where everything has a strange tone while laying underneath it is the dark, idiosyncratic humor the Coen Bros. would later be famous for in later films. Starring Joel's future wife & Coen regular Frances McDormand, M. Emmett Walsh, Dan Hedaya, John Getz, Samm-Art Williams, and Deborah Neumann. Blood Simple is a fascinating, abstract film debut from the Coen Bros.
It's a dark night in Texas as a woman named Abby (Frances McDormand) and her lover Ray (John Getz) are driving through a dark night on the road where they suspect they're being followed. After a stop at a hotel, Ray gets a mysterious call where he thinks it's Abby's husband Marty (Dan Hedaya), a bar owner who Ray works for. With Marty staying in the bar watching everything while being controlled by lead bartender Meurice (Samm-Art Williams), he quietly has a meeting with a private investigator named Visser (M. Emmett Walsh), who shows him pictures of Abby with Ray. Marty is surprised that it was Ray and not some other punk. Later that night, Ray appears to Marty asking for some owed money while Marty refuses to pay him since he knew what was going on. Marty asks Meurice, who was talking to his friend Debra (Deborah Neumann) to watch out for Ray.
The next morning while Abby stayed at Ray's home, she sees the family dog where she is confronted by Marty where she breaks his finger and kicks him in the balls. Ray follows, as Marty knew that trouble was going to happen where he turns to Visser. Talking to Visser in his Volkswagen, he asks him to kill his wife and Ray for a huge sum of money while he's going out of town to fish at Corpus Christi. Abby meanwhile looks for a new apartment and asks Meurice to watch out for Ray and Marty in case things get into trouble. While Abby stays at Ray's for a night, quietly coming into Ray's house was Visser. The next day, Visser calls Marty about the job and says it's done where Marty returns later that night and sees some pictures. Visser notices the large amount of money where suddenly, a double-cross ensues.
Ray appears quietly after Visser had left to find what happened where he found Marty's body and tries to clean things up quietly so Meurice wouldn't hear. Ray takes Marty to his car and notices that he's still alive where he tries to kill him but not in front of witness where he buries him alive in the middle of a farm in Texas. The next morning, he calls Abby to tell her that he loves her and everything becomes more and more complicated. Noticing that his lighter is missing, Visser notices what happens in the scene and decides to go find Ray and Abby for his own reasons while Ray becomes paranoid that Marty could be alive after Meurice got a call from him. Abby goes to Meurice for help where everything becomes complicated as she wonders what has just happened, who killed whom and is Marty really alive and what are Visser's intentions?
While Blood Simple is more of a tribute to the film noir of the past, the film is really a reinvention of the film noir thanks to the quirky mind of the Coen Bros. With the directing of the film in tact, the film has some wonderful tracking shots that move very fast while giving out some stunning camera work in scenes involving a fan as the cast watch the fan move slowly as it zooms in very slowly. If the film's eerily directing style is seductive to watch, what's more amazing is the screenplay by the Coens where everything is straightforward but there's a suspense and momentum that is build up while its structure starts out as one thing but by the film's second half, it becomes more intriguing to watch and you're not sure what's going to happen and there's some moments that are very surreal as the Coens become one of the most innovative and brilliant writers in independent cinema at that time.
Helping out with the visual trickery of the film is cinematographer and future filmmaker Barry Sonnenfeld who brings a lush, ominous look to the film with its blue filters in some of the night scenes while the road scenes are even more creepy to look at. Sonnenfeld, like latter-day Coens cinematographer Roger Deakins, is a master at visual manipulation since the film plays up to its evocatively moody tone. With the fast-paced editing done by the Coens under their Roderick Jaynes moniker along with Don Weigmann that helps enhance the intensity of the movie.
With production designer Jane Musky help capturing the Texan look of the film for its comical and dark layers; the film looks great in its dark tone, even in its strange setting in Texas. Then there's dark, melancholic score of longtime Coens composer Carter Burwell who brings elements of stark piano notes and ominous textures to the film's moody world while idiosyncratic use of the song It's The Same Old Song by the Four Tops brings some comical relief to the movie.
Then you have the film's small but memorable cast that also included future Coens regular Holly Hunter in a voice cameo in one scene as she was originally slated to play Abby but gave it to roommate Frances McDormand since Hunter was doing a play at the time. Deborah Neumann is excellent in her one scene with Samm-Art Williams about the Ring of Fire that brings some strange, quirky humor that is a trademark of the Coens while Williams is memorable as the eye of the bar while standing out with his white Converse and playing the Four Tops in a country bar.
Dan Hedaya is wonderful as the bloodthirsty Marty with his brooding features and tone while he doesn't play the stereotype of an angry husband since he knows his place and his own reasons for why he drove Abby into having an affair. John Getz is excellent as well in his role as Ray for his quiet, confrontational performance, notably his scenes with Hedaya are filled with great dynamics while he has great chemistry with McDormand as Getz plays a role that is excellent despite being typecast later on in sleazier boyfriend roles in his career.
M. Emmett Walsh is the film's best male performance for his dark, complex performance since he serves as black heart and soul with his penchant for greed and sleaziness. Walsh brings a lot of dark humor to the film while his intentions remain very hidden while he comes up with the best lines. Walsh is wonderfully amazing as this role as Visser is one of his best performances. Frances McDormand truly delivers a breakthrough performance as the cheating wife Abby with her concerned face and complex innocence where we understand why she despises Marty while becoming more confused later on about Ray while becoming more of an innocent pawn in a game. McDormand makes the character grow from a scared, cheating wife to a brave woman seeking her own independence.
Blood Simple is a great debut from the Coen Brothers highlighted by the performances of M. Emmett Walsh and Frances McDormand. Thanks to its dark, moody tone and noir-like style in its camera work, music, and structure, Blood Simple is a film that reinvents the film noir while being one of the great debut films ever made by any filmmaker. In the end, Blood Simple is a chilling yet entrancing film from Joel & Ethan Coen.
Coen Brothers Films: Raising Arizona - Miller's Crossing - Barton Fink - The Hudsucker Proxy - Fargo - The Big Lebowski - O Brother, Where Art Thou? - The Man Who Wasn't There - Intolerable Cruelty - The Ladykillers (2004 film) - Paris Je T'aime-Tuileries - To Each His Own Cinema-World Cinema - No Country for Old Men - Burn After Reading - A Serious Man - True Grit (2010 film) - Inside Llewyn Davis - Hail, Caesar! - The Ballad of Buster Scruggs
The Auteurs #9: The Coen Brothers Pt. 1 - The Auteurs #9: The Coen Brothers Pt. 2
A Simple Noodle Story
(C) thevoid99 2012
Labels: coen brothers, dan hedaya, deborah neumann, frances mcdormand, holly hunter, john getz, m. emmet walsh, samm-art williams
I loved how suspenseful, dark, and slightly humorous this whole film was. Four Tops never sounded the same after this one either. Great review Steve.
I think the darkest humor in this film is the bullets in the gun,did you count it? it is a really interesting detail.
BTW,I also love the song a lot
thevoid99 said...
@Dan-Thank you. It's been a while since I've seen it. I love it though. I loved the use of the Four Tops as well.
@David-No, I didn't count that. It's been years since I've seen that film.
Alex Withrow said...
Very nice review of one of my favorite Coen Bros flicks. Such a fantastic debut for two of our finest living filmmakers. Definitely need to go back and revisit this movie.
@Alex-It needs a Criterion release or something so we can all revisit it.
It's one of those films that hasn't been on TV very much lately.
Chip Lary said...
I actually like this film a little more than the better celebrated Miller's Crossing.
@Chip-I'm still not sure which is better, this or Miller's Crossing as I love both of them.
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Madeleines are one of the most traditional French cookies. They are most similar to sponge cakes, but have are firmer in texture. They were supposedly invented in the 18 c. when a young servant decided to prepare her grandmother's recipe in order to save an official dinner from catastrophe! Indeed, the chef had gotten into a fight with the head servant, and had left the castle with the dessert that was supposed to be served that night. Baked in scallop shells, these cookies received a great deal of appreciation and were name "Madeleine" for that young servant's name. These delicate treats are perfect served with tea or coffee for a delicious winter snack.
1. Pre-heat your oven to 400F.
2. Melt the butter slowly on the stove. Remove from the stove once melted.
3. In a bowl, mix the flour, baking powder, and almond meal together.
4. In another bowl, slowly mix the eggs with the sugar and natural vanilla extract. Continue to mix with a spatula for the batter until the batter whitens a bit.
5. Using a strainer, add the mix of flour, baking powder, and almond meal into the batter.
6. Add the melted butter into the previous mix, and use a whisk until the batter is homogeneous.
7. Butter the madeleines pan (skip if using a silicon mold), and fill with the batter about 2/3 all the way up.
8. Bake for 6-8 minutes. Use a knife to check if the madeleines are ready. If the knife comes out clear, the madeleines are baked.
9. Remove the madeleines from the pan and let them cool a bit before enjoying.
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