text:
Archives for posts with tag: J.J. Putz
Bagman
I've been up since about 2a. My electronics are cooperating; I watched a load of Miami Vice on Hulu and battled one of the few surviving mosquitoes in Bay Ridge. The damn thing actually got me, among other places, on the pad of my middle finger.
I have NEVER been stung on the pad of a finger before. It's remarkably painful.
Throughout all this, I debated about putting up the following photo, taken near the end of Friday's game against Washington (L; 6-5). It's up–you see it out of the lower corner of your eye, so you know it's there. Just understand that while it pained me terribly to see–I've never been stung on the pad of the finger, I've never seen this sort of business in person–it needed to be shown. Shying away from images such as these would, for me, be like the Mets wrapping up the season at 81-81, in some alternate reality, and taking the argument that they weren't SO bad. I mean, .500 season's got some merit. They must've battled.
Nay, nein, nyet. No battling here. Only guys wearing paper bags over their head.
Guys wearing paper bags and chugging beer, with a guy who looked vaguely like John Olerud behind him.
Observation and Interrogation revealed that it was not, in fact, John Olerud. For one, John Olerud does not chug beer. He drinks it, steadily. …There's a "Facts About Chuck Norris" style bit in there, somewhere, about John Olerud.
John Olerud never "takes" a base. He always asks permission.
John Olerud once drove over the speed limit. Once.
John Olerud asked for an order of wheat toast at a diner. He was given rye by mistake. He ate the toast anyway.
Other photos from that night, with limited commentary:
That's Mike Pelfrey. He, along with chicks, digs the long ball.
I have a MASSIVE head. And I think my face is getting thicker. This can't be good.
That video board seen at the last game turned out to be a standings board, which until I saw it I'd not given a thought to. Seems somewhat mocking, now, but one hopes it comes in handy next year.
The thing did suffer an attack of Mercury in retrograde as the game wore on:
That "M.L." should say something about Boston being ahead of Texas not in the "M SEVENTH" but in the "A.L. WILD CARD." It was turned off eventually. Better that way.
On the screen at center there, Jerry Dior, designer of the MLB logo (read this post for more). I'm assuming he and his wife are wearing No. 40 in honor of the logo's fortieth anniversary, and not in honor of Robinson Cancel or Tony Tarasco. MAYBE Randy Niemann. …Wait. No, not even Randy Niemann.
(Believe that's MLB president and COO Bob DuPuy to Dior's right/your left.)
From bagmen to batting helmets to beer, we all find our joys at the park where we can. I think fans have to own it; we'll get through this if we don't run away from the misery and misanthropy. Odd, though, that I'm known now in the section for not being a fan of Sean Green:
Me: (after Green throws a pitch gone wide of the strike zone) "Hey, Green! The strike zone's about three goddamn yards to your left!"
Fan Seated Four Rows Down: "What is it with you and Sean Green? You've been on his case all year!"
Me: "He's been horrible all year!"
Fan Seated Four Rows Down: "True, but jeez, man! Ease up!"
I will ease up. He's not been horrible all year. He's been horrible MOST of the year. The only thing I got out of the J.J. Putz trade was a few glorious nights of singing "Thunderstruck" at the top of my lungs and the mild competence of Jeremy Reed.
Vitriol feels good when you've been up for seven hours and the sun's been up for two.
Tim Redding pitched an efficient gem yesterday (vs. Nationals: W; 3-2) while I followed via Gameday, too tired and irritated to stray from my bed until about 5p. There are thirteen games left to play, and doubtless more feeling like this.
As I am not John Olerud–who replaced all the incandescent light bulbs in his home with energy-saving fluorescents–I am sure I will get angrier before I get better. I don't wear paper bags; that is the province of those who laugh to keep from crying, and I'd forget to bring one anyway.
But I appreciate the sentiment, and the desire to do so. Misery, company, yada yada damned yada.
**Visit Jon Springer's Mets By The Numbers to read his piece on the Top Ten Mets #6s Of All Time, which he read at last week's Amazin' Tuesday event over at Two Boots. You can find my write-up on the whole event by clicking here. My thanks to Greg Prince of Faith And Fear In Flushing for pushing my coverage of the event. Hooray for page views!
Tags fandom, J.J. Putz, Jeremy Reed, Jerry Dior, John Olerud, Mets, Mike Pelfrey, Sean Green, Tim Redding
Scratch That Votive Candle
Here you go. Read it. It's true. Go on. Read it.
Oh, and a friend who bought tickets to see J.J. Putz down at Keyspan tonight tells me there'll be no J.J. Putz at Keyspan tonight.
So, given today's spate of horrible, no good, very bad news, I embed for you the following. Between this and "Dramatic Chipmunk," either you're smiling or you're dead.
http://www.hulu.com/embed/rrlnSgLU8UUXFJlpdCsllw
Tags J.J. Putz, Johan Santana, Mets
Extremely ******* Nigh
Those asterisks are my own.
Anyone see 28 Days Later? Anyone? Anyone?
Bike messenger wakes from a coma to find London and, indeed, most of England, taken over by fast-moving zombie-like creatures. If you saw I Am Legend, you saw the conceit yanked to an unfortunate computer-generated extreme; this Danny Boyle movie of which I speak does proper service to fear. Though it was a shame to see the German Shepherd succumb in Will Smith's vehicle (they are not two movies with the same plot; just similar-ish symptoms to a vague disease).
The problem I have with both films is I find it hard to believe that anyone THAT sick can move THAT fast, regardless if they have issues with ultraviolet light. When I see guys go down, they move fairly slow. Sometimes, they need carts to help them out. Not intimidating.
The list of currently disabled Mets (or, if you prefer, Mets with disabilities):
J.J. Putz
Add to that Gary Sheffield, who is day-to-day, and Fernando Nieve, who will be day-to-day, then placed on the DL once they find enough change to load up the MRI machine and stick him in there.
I've already excoriated the Mets front office with playing fast and loose with either their facts or their process of information gathering or their responsibility to level with the fans. At this point, the training staff will need to book a crew from the HBO documentary set and give them unfettered, twenty-four hour access to the training room, the Hospital For Special Surgery, and any vehichle used to transport injured Mets across our local bridges and highways.
When David Wright wakes up from his daily coma, though, he doesn't find terminally-ill position players given superhuman strength through dint of their virus. Even if he did, I don't believe Jerry Manuel to have the talent to persuade crazed neo-zombies to properly settle under a pop-up and catch with two hands.
Luis Castillo has that going for him: he's better than a neo-zombie. But I kid Castillo, whose hitting streak is still alive. Double-digits or bust, Luis. …Wait. No. No bust. Do not bust. Far too much busting lately.
So no open review of the Mets training staff is going to help the guys on the field. But as no help seems to be imminent for the guys on the field, I do not withdraw my demand to get something of the sort. The real hard work for the Mets is keeping confidence for this year in the face of long odds so that more confidence is not lost in the fan base next year.
I will gladly sit in cushy field level seats, don't get me wrong; if fan confidence takes a nosedive then I expect I'll be able to buy tickets for sixty bucks and take in the game within earshot of David Wright. But if the fan base deserts, there may be scant money to get players in the house that will bring fans back that will give the Mets a chance at the postseason that will bring fans back the year after. See what I'm saying? Of course you do.
So aside from still trying to make a run this year–and as I've lived through a team losing a seven-game lead with seventeen to play, I'm not discounting such a run in the opposite direction or even interested in calling the hypothetical a miracle–the Mets have a responsibility to weigh actions to make next year a better one. This is a tough thing to do. But not impossible.
However, that job's being botched by injuries and the treatment of injuries. It seems even David, our bike messenger awakened to find a horror shop of pain and abject misery, has settled on injuries and plowing through those injuries as this year's story. Jerry Manuel's joking out of turn about it (find it on Metsblog here and the Daily News here and… well, where have you been?) cements the point. This is the story.
Mets, your job: control the story. At this point in D.C. politics, an injury czar would've been appointed.
It may be that, as declared by frantic writing on the church wall, "the end is extremely ******* nigh," and it may be that the only thing to do is to survive and plot and plan for escape. But this movie's gettin' real dull without the cavalry. Let's just hope the season doesn't follow 28 Days Later too closely. I'd hate to think that Omar Minaya has Carlos Beltran chained up somewhere.
Given Beltran's angry despondence over his knee, though, it may be wise for him to be so chained, for Mr. Minaya's protection.
Tags Billy Wagner, Carlos Delgado, Fernando Martinez, Fernando Nieve, Gary Sheffield, J.J. Putz, John Maine, Jose Reyes, Luis Castillo, Mets
Roses Are Red. Violets Are Blue. Sheff Has A Cramp. Now What Do We Do?
Alternate verses as titles included:
Roses are red,
Violets are blue;
The Mets lost 11-0 last night.
Goddamn it.
There once was a Met from Nantucket,
who slipped in the shower and was placed on the 60-day DL.
Let us go then, you and I,
where the diamond is spread out against the sky,
like an athlete prostrate upon the trainer's table…
That last one comes courtesy of T.S. Eliot, a poet of great renown and a whack job late in life. But that's what happens when you write Cats. But what happens when you helm a team that can only score three runs over nine innings then only manages two hits the following night? I don't know the answer to that question. Stop asking me.
This was part of the scene on Thursday at Foley's NY, where Frank Messina, the "Mets Poet" and author of Full Count: The Book Of Mets Poetry, regaled the back room with some verse, delivered in the best Beat tradition, just before the game against Atlanta.
(Links to various characters in this story will follow at the end of this post. To your left is Chowdah, speaking to Kevin Burkhardt prior to the game's start.)
I'm fairly new to the art of showing up with camera and note-taking capacity; as I'm not covering a session of the General Assembly or the death of an elected official or even a community board meeting, I find it best to show up, act respectful and casual, and go with the flow. For a reason unknown to me, I ratchet up my deference whenever I walk into an Irish bar. I might as well be in dress uniform.
I don't get it; I'm not generally disrespectful in any other public setting, so it's not like I'm bringing my game up to par. But most places will elicit from me a "Thanks, friend," or an, "I'm fine; how're YOU doin', guy?"
But in an Irish bar, I become a halfway-timid collection of curt head-nods, "sirs" and "ma'ams" and "thank-you-most-kindlys." Stranger still to be this way at Foley's, which is what ESPN's set and costume warehouse would look like if the world were suffering under the heel of a massive conspiracy called Organized Sport, arranged and executed by all manner of media.
Foley's owner, Shaun Clancy, greeted me and introduced me to Mr. Messina, who made sure I was where he was told the action was going to be. Before long I was drinking a beer and chowing down on the David Wright Sandwich. (I recommend it if you like buffalo sauce and bleu cheese dressing. Otherwise, stay away.)
Mr. Messina read perhaps five or six installments. Most notable was a poem titled "Psycho Chick," which tells the story of a woman less interested in the game she's brought to by her date than with causing trouble for the man, in the name of fun. I've never been on the Kiss Cam, but if I were, I'd like it to be without the stigma of having "METS SUCK" written on my forehead in lipstick.
Mr. Messina read to the delight and, on occasion, participation of those there, and afterwards, stuck around for the game, at one point inviting me to join his group. You can see part of that group seated at the table with the gentleman in the white Mets jersey. It was a fine way to spend a Thursday evening and eventual Mets loss.
I sat at the Howard Johnson table, thinking perhaps this would bring some free-swinging mojo to the team. Sadly, I have no mojo to impart. Such is the way this season's going. In fact, about a block away from the bar I tripped on what I have to think was a rat, and messed up my shoe in the landing or messed up my foot. Either way, I'm wearing Sperry Top-Siders until further notice, as the thought of walking with any arch support sends shockwaves through my sole.
My thanks to Mr. Messina for his hospitality and gregariousness. It's not necessarily uncommon to find such a person or group of persons in New York; what disarms time and again is just how similar our experiences can be, even in a town as large as this.
Additionally, Mr. Messina, my thanks for your patience as I told the story of last year's Caribbean Night at Shea–a story I always start off by saying, "Let me tell you about the most obnoxious I've ever been at a baseball game." I'm sure at some point in the lean off-season months I'll need material, so I'll save that story for then. But Thursday night left me eventually so comfortable that I could relate a tale of utter awfulness to a near-complete stranger. A great little recharge for a guy who sometimes gets so bogged down in the details he neglects to consider the masses he passes daily.
They say Sheffield has a cramp. I believe nothing that comes from the trainer's room these days. Nothing. Day in and out I'll watch the boys go to war with whomever they have, but in the interstices? Dead to me. That whole training crew. Even if it isn't their fault.
And that blanket statement will serve as a nice eventual segue to my other point, which I'll make in a bit.
I believe it is acceptable to indict a crew for perceived ineptitude. The stories of J.J. Putz and Carlos Beltran and Jose Reyes unfolded like a coffee drip in zero-G. Those daily updates before their respective shut-downs were sins of omission.
No, Ray Ramirez isn't running out to talk to the press every day; that's not his job. But if he or anyone on his team are watching this train wreck unfold and not looking within to discover a larger problem, then they're deluding themselves. If they are and find their words being distorted by the front o
ffice, they have an obligation to speak up independent of that office, to save their hides. The Mets are not the Mafia; speaking truth to power will not earn you cement shoes and a trip to the Hudson. At the worst it'll earn you a dismissal and a clear conscience, and a subsequent consultation with a civil attorney.
A not-insignificant percentage of this roster has gone down to injury, yet that is not what sticks in my craw. Injuries happen. Even a raft of injuries such as what we've seen unfold. The communication of the NATURE of such injuries is what's GODAWFUL, and plenty fixable. Damage is being done due to poor internal judgment of the timbre of the wail outside the gates. It is not noble at this point to hold to the party line and watch that line shift day in and day out. I've quit jobs because management couldn't communicate effectively its dire straits; both times I was right to have done so. Both firms are in fairly deep trouble now.
There is a perception held by Mets fans that the training crew is incompetent and the PR team works as a disinformation machine, and that perception does not serve the fans or the club. If someone in there cares about what they're doing and can explain what's going on, they should get out and speak up, and damn the consequences. Even if what's going on is nothing save examinations which initially reveal one thing, then later reveal another, and indecisiveness as to handle the situation. At this point, the silence is what's deafening.
If you can't fix the team, fix yourself and be honest about it, and you'll fix the fans. Else seek a merge with the Nationals. They, too, have come to a point where individual troubles have mounted to become a desperate reality, and can't seem to get out of their own way for the sake of rational, reasoned, professional operation.
Ergo segue:
While waiting for Mr. Messina to begin reading, I took out the BlackBerry and read Marty Noble's mailbag segment on the Mets.com website. Something I read there continues to bother me. Link at the end of the post, but here's what's pertinent:
One of the comments at the end of one your stories said you're a Yankees fan. Is that true? How can you be a Yankees fan and write about the Mets?
— Allen S., Jersey City, N.J.
Some place in the past five years, I said or wrote that I was a Yankees fan as a kid. That was true and remains true. I still am a fan of the Yankees of the 1950s and early '60s. But the "Lone Ranger" was my favorite show then, too. Some things change.
But you don't have to be a fan of the team you cover. Indeed, you shouldn't be. Objectivity is critical and impossible if you're rooting. I'm a fan of good baseball and games with good, writable angles. And yes, a fan of the Mickey Mantle-Whitey Ford-Yogi Berra Yankees. And I have Lone Ranger DVD's.
No, you don't have to be a fan of the team you cover. Objectivity is critical. Right on those scores.
However, I disagree with Mr. Noble's statement that one shouldn't be a fan of the team one covers, and that objectivity is impossible if you're rooting. In fact, I disagree vigorously with that.
Rather, one should be a good enough reporter to set personal differences or common interests aside to tell the story objectively. If you're a fan; if you're not a fan. Humans DO have that capacity. It doesn't stop at reporting; it doesn't stop at one's profession.
The Wife used to work the butcher counter at Whole Foods. The Wife's a strict vegetarian.
A colleague went upstate this past weekend to marry a good friend to a woman who, by all accounts, is a MAJOR harpy.
If I attended a Braves game versus the Cardinals (I have problems with characters on both teams), and the Cardinals had led 11-0 going into the eighth, but the Braves roared back and won the game 12-11 (legitimately; not by Yadier Molina catching Mackey Sasser Syndrome or something), I'd be stoked to have been witness to such a feat. There's no joy in the Cardinals' misfortune there.
If the Mets spit the bit during a game with playoff implications, it is possible to still love the Mets and speak evenly about how they so unabashedly screwed several pooches, a goat, and Acts Three and Four of Rush's "By Tor & The Snow Dog."
I've stated publicly and on this blog that I'm no Yankees-hater. Were I around when the Dodgers played in Brooklyn, I'd probably be a Dodgers fan, but how can one not admire the Yankee teams of Mantle and Ford and Berra, before and after the Dodgers split?
Dislike people who are soundly reported to be of poor character. Find suspect those whose reputations are on the line yet seem to do nothing to repair them. Be sure they answer to you in some way, whether through investment or inseparable proximity, or whatever you choose. But I find it lazy to use one's job as a reason not to engage in the same reality of interest and passion that most the rest of us share.
I feel as though I should extend this to a discussion of relativism. We'll see if I'm still annoyed later. For now, I think I've at least started to make my point.
Let's go Mets!
*Here come the links. PLACES, everyone!
Frank Messina's website is here. You can buy his book from Amazon.com by going here. Pick it up, and seek Frank out; he's a great guy.
Foley's NY is on 18 West 33rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues, and you can see/read more about the place by going here. If you enjoy a pint and have mild and undiagnosed Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (as I do), you'll be hard-pressed to find such a busily decorated place in the city. They've got a life-sized cutout of Don Zimmer by the urinals, for chrissakes. Good thing it's laminated.
Marty Noble's Inbox article for Mets.com, from July 16, 2009, can be found here.
Tags Atlanta Braves, Carlos Beltran, fandom, Frank Messina, Howard Johnson, J.J. Putz, Jose Reyes, Marty Noble, Mets, Mets Poet, Ray Ramirez, Shaun Clancy


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
There is more matter than antimatter in the universe. This baryon asymmetry of
the universe (BAU) is measured to be \cite{Ade:2015xua, Riemer-Sorensen:2017vxj}
\begin{align}
\eta_\mathrm{obs}\equiv \frac{n_B-n_{\bar{B}}}{s}\simeq 8\times 10^{-11}\;,
\end{align}
where $n_{B(\bar{B})}$ is the (anti-)baryon number density and $s$ is the entropy density.

In order to explain the BAU, the three so\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} called Sakharov conditions
\cite{Sakharov:1967dj} must be satisfied:
\textbf{(i)} Baryon (or lepton) number must be violated, \textbf{(ii)} C and CP
must be violated and \textbf{(iii)} There must be departure from thermal
equilibrium.

Baryon number and CP are violated in the electroweak (EW) sector of the Standard Model (SM).
However the CP violation in the SM is too small to account for the BAU. In addition, there
is no out\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} of\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} equilibrium process in the SM. In order to produce the BAU, beyond
the SM physics with additional degrees of freedom is needed. These degrees of freedom can also solve
other deficiencies in the SM. Most notably example is in leptogenesis~\cite{Fukugita:1986hr},
where the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed neutrinos are the only required additional degrees of freedom.
These right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} neutrinos are part of the see\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} saw mechanism~\cite{Minkowski:1977sc},
and thus providing an explanation for the smallness of neutrino masses. Through their
out\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} of\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} equilibrium decays, the observed BAU can be obtained.

In this Letter, we show that another degree of freedom, the \emph{flavon}, that conceivably plays an
important role in understanding fermion masses, can also
generate the observed BAU. In general, a flavon is a scalar particle whose
vacuum expectation value (VEV) dictates the (Yukawa) couplings of the SM
fermions, with  the most popular example being the Froggatt--Nielsen
field~\cite{Froggatt:1978nt}. We show that the out\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} of\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} equilibrium
decays of such a flavon can be the necessary beyond\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} the\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} SM physics
that generates the observed BAU. The flavon decays may create a left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}}
right charged lepton asymmetry. In a universe where the flavon dominates the
energy density, the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons may not come into chemical
equilibrium, and an asymmetry in these right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electron asymmetry
can be converted into a baryon number asymmetry by sphalerons.

\section{Basic mechanism}
\label{sec:model}

Consider the couplings of the SM charged leptons to a SM singlet scalar, the flavon $S$, charged under the flavor symmetry
$\mathrm{U(1)}_\mathrm{FN}$,
\begin{align}\label{eq:FlavonCoupling1}
 \mathscr{L}&\supset y_0^{fg}\,\left(\frac{v_S+S}{\Lambda}\right)^{n_{fg}}
 \overline{e}_\mathrm{R}^g \cdot\phi^*\cdot\ell_\mathrm{L}^f +\text{h.c.}
\end{align}
Here, $\phi$ denotes the electroweak Higgs doublet, $\ell_\mathrm{L}^f$ is the
$f^\mathrm{th}$\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} generation left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed lepton doublet,
and $e_\mathrm{R}^g$ represents the $g^\mathrm{th}$\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} generation right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed charged lepton.
$v_{S}$ is the flavon VEV, with $\Lambda$ being the
cutoff scale of the flavor symmetry, $y_{0}$ an $\mathcal{O}(1)$ coupling constant
and $n_{fg}$  integers related to the Froggatt--Nielsen charges under $\mathrm{U(1)}_\mathrm{FN}$.
In the following, we will restrict ourselves to the simplest version of the scenario, in which
the flavon only couples to leptons. As a benchmark model, we
will take
\begin{align}
y_0\simeq1\;,\quad \varepsilon=\frac{v_S}{\Lambda}=0.2\;,\quad
n_e=9\;,\quad n_\tau=3\;.
\end{align}

The key observation in our scenario is that the flavon decays
\begin{align}\label{eq:flavondecays}
 S &\to\bar\ell_\mathrm{L}+\phi+ e_\mathrm{R}\;,&
 S^\ast &\to \ell_\mathrm{L}+\phi^\ast+\bar{e}_\mathrm{R}\;,
\end{align}
are left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} right violating, e.g.\ an $S$ particle only decays into
$\ell_\mathrm{L}$ antiparticle and $e_\mathrm{R}$ particle.  Crucially, if there
is an initial flavon asymmetry, say an excess of $S$ over $S^{\ast}$, after the
flavons decay, there will be more left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed antileptons than
left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed leptons. Note that the total lepton number, $L$, is
conserved because the asymmetry in the left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed leptons will be
balanced by an equal and opposite asymmetry in the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed leptons.
However, sphalerons will only act on left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed antileptons and
partially convert this asymmetry into a baryon ($B$) asymmetry. This is
similar to Dirac leptogenesis~\cite{Dick:1999je}, in which nonzero baryon number
asymmetry is possible  with $B\!-\!L$ conservation, as it utilizes the
features that sphalerons only couple to  left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed fields.  In the
scenario discussed here, the left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} right asymmetry originates from a
primordial flavon\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} antiflavon asymmetry, which we will discuss below in
more detail.

\section{Flavon Asymmetry}
\label{sec:Sasym}

Our scenario requires the flavon to have a large asymmetry when it decays. This
means that an asymmetry must be created and that flavon number must be conserved during the flavon oscillations. It has been pointed out in the context of
the Affleck--Dine scenario~\cite{Affleck:1984fy} that scalar field dynamics in
the early universe can exhibit these features. As explained in
\cite[Section~III.C]{Dine:2003ax}, in supersymmetric theories the mass terms of
scalar fields $S$ preserve $S$\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} number while interaction terms do not. These
interactions may provide an ``initial kick'' (in the terminology of
\cite{Kitano:2008tk}) which leads to an angular momentum of the $S$ field in the
complex plane, i.e.\ an $S$\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} number asymmetry. These terms become unimportant
later when the $S$ field performs coherent oscillations, such that the asymmetry persists until the flavon decays.

A reason for concern might be the origin of the $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry that ensures flavon number conservation. At
first sight, one may conclude that if $\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{FN}$ gets broken
spontaneously, one is left with two options. \textbf{(i)}
$\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{FN}$ is local, in which case the would\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} be
Goldstone mode gets eaten, and one is left with a real scalar and no
$\mathrm{U}(1)_S$ that allows us to define the $S$\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} number. \textbf{(ii)}
$\mathrm{U}(1)_\mathrm{FN}$ is global, in which case there is a Goldstone mode,
and the situation is even worse. However, in explicit models the situation is often
richer than that. For instance, in supersymmetric scenarios, the scalar fields
are complex. In such models, one starts with more degrees of freedom and the
flavon is a complex linear combination of these fields, whose mass term preserves
a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry. There are also non\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} supersymmetric examples that
have additional custodial symmetries (see
e.g.~\cite{Hambye:2008bq,Arcadi:2016kmk} for recent applications of these
symmetries in dark matter model building). We will assume that for energy scales
far below $\Lambda$ an approximate $\mathrm{U}(1)_S$ is preserved by the flavon
potential, i.e.\
\begin{equation}
 \mathscr{V}_S=m^2|S|^2+\left(\begin{array}{@{}l@{}}
 \text{$S$\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} number violating terms}\\
\text{suppressed by powers of $\Lambda$}\end{array} \right)\;.
\end{equation}

\section{Flavon Cosmoloy}
\label{sec:flavondecay}

By assumption, the flavon we consider is a weakly coupled scalar field. Hence it can perform
coherent oscillations around the $T=0$ minimum of its potential. In fact,
thermal corrections to the potential will push the flavon away from its
expectation value at $T=0$~\cite{Lillard:2018zts}. The energy density stored in
these oscillations, $\rho_S$, only drops as $a^{-3}$ whereas the energy density of
radiation, $\rho_\mathrm{rad}$, drops as $a^{-4}$, where $a$ is the scale
factor.  It is expected that at a time $t_{\ast}$, corresponding to a
temperature $T_{\ast}$, the energy density stored in flavon oscillations starts
dominating over the radiation contribution. We define this point as
\begin{equation}
 \rho_S|_{_{T=T_\ast}}=\rho_\mathrm{rad}|_{_{T=T_\ast}}\;.
\end{equation}

The flavon decays to SM leptons with a decay rate
\begin{align}
 \Gamma_S\sim\frac{1}{\varepsilon}\,
 \frac{|n_\tau\,y_\tau|^2}{64\pi^3}\,\frac{m_S^3}{\Lambda^2}\;.
 \label{eq:Gflavon}
\end{align}
Most of the decay products thermalize with the radiation and contribute to the
radiation density. However, as we will show below, the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed
electrons might not come into chemical equilibrium before the sphalerons have
switched off.

The evolution of the relevant energy densities is given by
\begin{subequations}\label{eq:Edensity}
\begin{align}
\frac{\diff\rho_S}{\diff t}+3 H\,\rho_S&= -\Gamma_S\,\rho_S\;,  \\
\frac{\diff\rho_\mathrm{rad}}{\diff t}+4 H\,\rho_\mathrm{rad} &=
\Gamma_S\,\rho_S\;,
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
where the Hubble rate is determined by the Friedmann equation
\begin{align}
 H^2 &= \frac{8\pi}{3M_\mathrm{Pl}^2}(\rho_S+\rho_\mathrm{rad})\;, \label{eq:Hubble}
\end{align}
with $M_\mathrm{Pl}\simeq \SI{1.2e19}{\giga\electronvolt}$ being the Planck mass.

 We solve this set of equations numerically and show a benchmark scenario in
\Cref{fig:Edensity}. Analytical approximations for the two energy densities can
be given at a time $t$ before the flavon decays, $t_\ast<t<\tau\sim \Gamma_S^{-1}$, as
\begin{subequations}
\begin{align}
 \rho_S (t)
 &\simeq\frac{M_{\rm Pl}^2}{6\pi t^2}\,\mathrm{e}^{-\Gamma_S\,t}\;, \\
 \rho_\mathrm{rad}(t)&\simeq\frac{M_{\rm Pl}^2 t_\ast^{2/3}}{6\pi\,t^{8/3}}+ \frac{\Gamma_S\,M_{\rm Pl}^2}{10\pi\,t}\;.
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
The first term in $\rho_\mathrm{rad}$ is the initial radiation energy
density and the second term is generated from flavon decays. This second
term starts taking over $\rho_\mathrm{rad}$ long before $\Gamma_S^{-1}$.

We will show in the next section that BAU can be produced via flavon decays for
$\Gamma_S\sim O(10^{-13}-10^{-17}~{\rm GeV})$. Thus, using \Cref{eq:Gflavon} we will require the flavon mass to be
\begin{align}
\frac{m_S}{\si{\tera\electronvolt}} &\sim
\left(\frac{\Lambda}{\SI{e9}{\giga\electronvolt}}\right)^{\frac{2}{3}}
\left(\frac{\Gamma_S}{\SI{e-15}{\giga\electronvolt}}\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}\;, \label{eq:mS}
\end{align}
such that $\Lambda$ is below the Planck scale.

\begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[scale=.4]{Edensity.pdf}
\caption{Energy densities stored in flavon oscillations, $\rho_S$, and in
radiation $\rho_{\rm rad}$, with respect to temperature. As a benchmark scenario,
it is assumed that $\rho_S$ starts dominating at $T_\ast=\SI{100}{\tera\electronvolt}$ and the
flavon decay rate is $\Gamma_S= \SI{e-15}{\giga\electronvolt}$, which corresponds to
a decay temperature $T_\mathrm{d}\simeq \SI{10}{\giga\electronvolt}$. We also show the temperature when the EW sphalerons shut off, $T_{\rm EW}\sim160~$GeV.}\label{fig:Edensity}
\end{figure}

\section{Generation and non--equilibration of right--handed electrons}
\label{sec:RHelectrons}

Among other leptons, flavon decays into right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons with a branching
fraction of $B_e\sim \left(\frac{n_e\,y_e}{n_\tau\,y_\tau}\right)^2\sim 7.5\times
10^{-7}$. Through its decays, the flavon asymmetry will get partially converted
into an asymmetry in right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons. Like in
leptogenesis~\cite{Fukugita:1986hr}, this asymmetry is turned into a baryon
asymmetry by sphalerons. Similarly to Dirac leptogenesis~\cite{Dick:1999je}, our
scenario does not require $B\!-\!L$ violation. However, our scenario works both
for Dirac and Majorana neutrinos.

Right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons equilibrate with the SM plasma mainly through their
interactions with the Higgs boson and $2\to2$ scatterings. This equilibration
rate has been recently calculated to be~\cite{Bodeker:2019ajh}
\begin{align}
\Gamma_\mathrm{LR}&\simeq10^{-2}\,y_e^2\,T\;,\label{eq:GammaLR}
\end{align}
which is larger by almost an order of magnitude  than the initial
estimate~\cite{Campbell:1992jd} and by a factor of a few than a
refined estimate~\cite{Cline:1993bd}. Comparing this rate to the Hubble rate for
a radiation\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} dominated universe, one finds that the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons come
into equilibrium at $T\sim \SI{e5}{\giga\electronvolt}$. Hence, in standard cosmology, any
asymmetry in the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons would be washed out long before the EW transition at $T\sim160~$GeV. However, in a
universe that is dominated by a flavon until temperatures around the electroweak
scale, right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons may \emph{not} equilibrate. (See \Cref{fig:Rates}.)
\begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[scale=.4]{rates.pdf}
\caption{Comparison of the equilibration rate of right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons,
$\Gamma_\mathrm{LR}$, to the Hubble rates in a radiation dominated universe,
$H_\mathrm{rad}$ and in a universe with intermediate flavon domination, $H_S$.
For this benchmark case the flavon energy density starts dominating at $T_\ast
=\SI{e7}{\tera\electronvolt}$ and the flavon decays at
$T_\mathrm{d}\simeq\SI{10}{\giga\electronvolt}$.}\label{fig:Rates}
\end{figure}

We find the asymmetry in the number density of right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons after the
flavon decays by solving the Boltzman equation for $n_\mathrm{R} =
n_{e_\mathrm{R}}-n_{\bar{e}_\mathrm{R}}$,
\begin{align}
\frac{\diff n_\mathrm{R}}{\diff t}=-&3 H\,n_\mathrm{R} -
\Gamma_{\rm LR}\,n_\mathrm{R}+B_e\,\Gamma_S\, n_S \;, \label{eq:dnRdt}
\end{align}
where $B_e$ is the flavon branching ratio to electrons The asymmetry in the flavon number density, $n_S$, is parametrized through an initial flavon asymmetry, $\eta_S$, as
\begin{align}
 n_S&\equiv\eta_S\,\frac{\rho_S}{m_S}\;. \label{eq:nS}
\end{align}

We solve for $n_\mathrm{R}$ together with \Cref{eq:Edensity}. In
\Cref{fig:eRdensity} we show the dimensionless quantity
$\eta_\mathrm{R}=\frac{n_\mathrm{R}}{s}$, where $s$ is the entropy density, for
a benchmark scenario with
\begin{align}
 m_S=\SI{1}{\tera\electronvolt}\;,~\eta_S=1\;,~T_\ast=\SI{100}{\tera\electronvolt}\;.
\end{align}
As usual, the temperature is defined as the temperature of radiation, which may
or may not dominate the energy density of the universe.

\begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[scale=.4]{eRdensity.pdf}
\caption{Right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electron asymmetry generated through asymmetric flavon
decays for different values of the flavon decay rate $\Gamma_S$. Observed baryon asymmetry $\eta_{\rm obs}\simeq 8\times 10^{-11}$ is shown for reference.}\label{fig:eRdensity}
\end{figure}

The behavior of $\eta_R$ can be understood qualitatively as follows. A
right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electron asymmetry is produced through flavon decays and is
proportional to the flavon number density. When the Hubble rate drops below the
left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} right equilibration rate, the asymmetry is washed out by SM
interactions. The time when this washout starts depends on the flavon lifetime,
$\tau=\Gamma_S^{-1}$, and is generally before $\tau$. Smaller $\Gamma_S$ can
delay the equilibration until after sphalerons shut off at $T_{\rm EW}\sim
160$~GeV. However, this also means that a smaller number of flavons decay before
$T_{\rm EW}$. Hence, in general, there is balancing between the flavon lifetime and
$\Gamma_{\rm LR}$ that describes the region where the right amount of
right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electron asymmetry is produced before the sphalerons shut
off.

\section{Baryon Asymmetry}
\label{sec:bau}

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[scale=.4]{etaBvGS.pdf}
\caption{Baryon asymmetry ($\eta_{10}\equiv \eta_B\times 10^{10}$) of the universe as a function of the flavon decay
rate $\Gamma_S$ for different values of the flavon mass $m_S$. As a benchmark scenario we take  the
initial flavon asymmetry $\eta_S=1$. The observed baryon asymmetry
$\eta_\mathrm{obs}\simeq 8\times10^{-11}$ is shown for reference.}\label{fig:etaBvGS}
\end{figure}

In the SM $B\!+\!L$ number is violated by EW processes called
sphalerons~\cite{Klinkhamer:1984di,Kuzmin:1985mm}. Sphalerons are unsuppressed
above the EW transition temperature $T_\mathrm{EW}$, with a thermal rate
$\Gamma_\mathrm{sph}\simeq (\alpha_2 T)^4$, while they are exponentially
suppressed due to finite gauge boson masses after EW symmetry breaking. While
sphalerons violate $B\!+\!L$, they conserve $B\!-\!L$. Hence a lepton asymmetry
will be turned into a baryon asymmetry \cite{Fukugita:1986hr}. In our scenario this baryon
asymmetry is given by~\cite{Cline:1993bd}
\begin{align}
 \eta_B &\equiv
\frac{n_B}{s}\simeq\frac{198}{481}\frac{n_\mathrm{R}}{s}\left|_{_{T_\mathrm{EW}}}\right.~.
\end{align}

We numerically solve \Cref{eq:Edensity,eq:dnRdt} to find the electron asymmetry
and the entropy of the universe at $T_\mathrm{EW}\simeq\SI{160}{GeV}$. Our
results are shown in \Cref{fig:eRdensity,fig:etaBvGS}. As can be seen in \Cref{fig:etaBvGS}, there
is a large parameter space where asymmetric flavon decays produce the observed
BAU. We comment on the dependence of $\eta_B$ on the parameters of the model.
\begin{itemize}
\item Our scenario is rather sensititve to the flavon decay
 rate. If the flavon decays too early, $T_\mathrm{d}\gg T_\mathrm{EW}$,
 right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons equilibrate and (essentially) no baryon asymmetry
 is generated. If the flavon decays too late, $T_\mathrm{d}\ll T_\mathrm{EW}$,
 the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electron asymmetry is produced when sphalerons are
 inoperative, and again no baryon asymmetry emerges. We find that the observed
 baryon asymmetry is produced for $10^{-16}\,\mathrm{GeV}\lesssim \Gamma_S
 \lesssim 10^{-13}\,\mathrm{GeV}$.

\item The baryon asymmetry is virtually independent of the time $t_\ast$ when
 the flavon domination starts as long as $T_\ast \gg
 T_\mathrm{d},T_\mathrm{EW}$.

\item As the flavon mass increases, its number density drops. This is because
 each flavon decay produces entropy, the dilution factor being
 $m_S/T_\mathrm{d}$. Hence the baryon asymmetry is inversely proportional to
 $m_S$. The flavon decay rate also depends on its mass. For given values of
 $m_S$ and $\Gamma_S$, the appropriate flavon scale  $\Lambda$ can be found from
 \Cref{eq:mS}. We find that a flavon with $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{TeV})$ mass can produce
 the observed BAU. This requires $\Lambda\sim \mathcal{O}(10^{9}\,\mathrm{GeV})$. We
 note that for such a large flavon scale, constraints on the flavon mass is
 $\mathcal{O}(100\,\mathrm{GeV})$~\cite{Bauer:2016rxs}.

\item The baryon asymmetry is directly proportional to the primordial flavon
 asymmetry $\eta_S$. We show our results in \Cref{fig:etaBvGS} for the maximal
 value of $\eta_S=1$. If we allow for a flavon as light as 200~GeV, we only
 require $\eta_S\gtrsim 10^{-2}$.

\end{itemize}

\section{Conclusions}

In this Letter, we have shown that the observed baryon asymmetry can be produced
in flavon decays. This scenario requires the flavon  to decay around the time of
the electroweak transition and that the flavon carries an
$\mathcal{O}(10^{-2}-1)$ primordial asymmetry. The flavon mass is
$\mathcal{O}(1-10\,\mathrm{TeV})$. The viable parameter ranges are illustrated
in \Cref{fig:etaBvGS}. The role of the flavon is twofold:
\begin{enumerate}
 \item Its decays produce a left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} right asymmetry in the lepton sector, the
  left\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed part of which is converted to a baryon asymmetry by sphalerons.
 \item It dominates the universe before the EW scale, thus increasing the
  Hubble rate and preventing the right\raisebox{2pt}{\rule{4pt}{0.2pt}} handed electrons from equilibrating.
\end{enumerate}

Our scenario is rather constrained and thus predictive. We ``lose'' a
significant amount of efficiency because our scalar is a flavon, i.e.\ it
predominantly decays into the heavier generations. A more ``efficient'' version
of this scenario would be to couple a scalar to light fermions only, in which
case one may also consider the decay into up or even down quarks. However, it is
arguably an appealing aspect of our scenario that we do not have to introduce a
new degree of freedom in order to explain the observed baryon asymmetry. Rather,
a traditional flavon can do that without being tweaked.

\section*{Acknowledgements}
This work is supported in part by NSF Grant No.~PHY\mydash1620638 and by NSF
Grant No.~PHY\mydash1719438. SI acknowledges support from the UC Office of the
President via a  UC Presidential Postdoctoral fellowship. This work was
performed in part at Aspen Center for Physics,  which is supported by National
Science Foundation grant PHY\mydash1607611.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Chris Brown Headed to Jail After Being Kicked Out of Rehab
Michelle McGahan
Frederick M. Brown, Getty Images
Chris Brown is once again headed to the slammer after he reportedly violated his legal agreement by being kicked out of rehab. The controversial singer has been in the treatment facility for almost four months.
TMZ reports that Brown was kicked out of the facility after violating "internal rules," though their sources claim it did not have to do with violence or drugs.
Brown was originally ordered by the judge in the Rihanna case to remain in the treatment center for 90 days -- a stint which he recently completed. However, the judge then ruled that Brown remain in rehab following his Washington D.C. assault case. In early February, Breezy was granted a pass to briefly leave the facility, and he then picked up an award, recorded a duet with Ariana Grande and announced the release date of his upcoming album.
According to TMZ, Brown was caught having a relationship with a female worker at the treatment center, but sources maintain that is not the reason the troubled singer has been kicked out.
While it may not be surprising that Brown once again is headed to jail, it is sad. It seemed like rehab was serving him well and making a positive impact on his life and his volatile anger management issues… but now it may be back to the old drawing board.
Next: These Celebrity Mug Shots Are Surprisingly Flattering
Filed Under: Chris Brown
Categories: Celebrity News, Music News, News
Why Kobe Bryant's Memorial May Not Be Held at the Staples Center
Prince Harry and Meghan Markle 'Shocked' About Losing Commonwealt…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
40 Awesome Old School Trucks
39. 1928 Model A
Ford brought the concept of pickup trucks to the masses with the Model TT. By the mid-1920s, however, the company was facing a lot of competition from Chevrolet, Dodge, and other brands. To shake things up, Ford launched the Model A pickup in 1928. The truck was rated at 1.5 tons, a .5 ton upgrade from the Model T, and featured a 200-cubic-inch four cylinder engine that could crank out 40 horsepower. This was mated with a sliding-gear three-speed transmission.
Tesla Cybertruck Facts: Here's What You Need To Know
40 Fastest Production Cars of All-Time


I've been tagged by Miss Vay (salut Véronique!) to do the This or That Tag.
1. Blush or bronzer? Blusher! I love rosy cheeks.
2. Gloss or lipstick? Both. Both have good and bad points. Gloss you can usually apply on the go, but then lipstick is not as sticky.
4. Foundation or concealer? Foundation. I'm not one with under eyes bags, and even if I need concealer for my spots, I'd rather have them pop a little and have the rest of my complexion uniform.
5. Pressed or loose eyeshadow? Pressed. Easier to apply!
6. Brushes or sponges? Brushes. I never seem to arrive to anything good with sponges.


I know if you read zevy joy often, you are familiar with the fact that we are on a budget. I am constantly finding ways to save money. One helpful thing that we have done is constructing and planting a square foot garden. It is an investment up front but does pay for itself over time and there truly is nothing like enjoying the freshness of your garden. Veggies and some fruits end up being a fraction of the cost and are delicious. I wouldn't consider myself to be a skilled gardener, but this has been pretty easy to keep up. I will break this topic up into a series so it is easier to understand; today I will share where to get started and some recommendations.
All New Square Foot Gardening is an excellent guide to this type of gardening. It is simple/straightforward and has charts that are helpful to reference.
Research prices and materials beforehand. There are options for constructing, whether it is size or lumber choice, I would recommend shopping around.
Determine and make a layout on paper deciding where and what you will garden.
Like anything else, plan to start small and grow your garden in steps (which tends to seem less overwhelming).


text:
NYC Announces Universal Pre-Kindergarten for Three-Year-Olds Despite Lack of Space, Qualified Teachers, Or Results
May 1, 2017 Alina Adams
On April 24, 2017, as East Side parents were planning a march to protest their children being sent to Universal pre-Kindergarten classrooms multiple blocks away, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio trumpeted the following:
New York City is starting the path to 3-K for All for fall of 2017, aiming to serve over 11,000 three-year-olds in new and enhanced free, full-day, high-quality seats. This includes the first year of a two-year expansion to create hundreds of new, free, full-day, high-quality seats in District 7 in the South Bronx and District 23 in Brownsville. By fall of 2018, we will have a seat for every three-year-old living in those districts that wants one, and project we will serve 1,800 children in those two districts…. By fall of 2020, the City will expand free, full-day, high-quality 3-K to at least six additional school districts, for a total of eight districts. Each pair of districts will have a two-year expansion, with the last pair starting in fall of 2020 and having universal access in the fall of 2021.
As per the press release: 3-K for All will build on the "success" of Pre-K for All. As previously enumerated, here are the current quantifiable successes of Pre-K for All:
Using public money to fund religious schools
Beginning public school segregation at an earlier age
Cutting the hours of child-care available to low-income parents from full-day to 8:00 AM at 2:20 PM
Cutting the months of child-care available to low-income parents from year-round to September-June
Serving less children from the lowest-income group than any other
Opening more centers even as existing ones fail to attract a full cohort of students
Closing centers for a variety of failures even as the Department of Education swears that all are exactly the same "high-quality"
Now Mayor de Blasio is doubling down on all of the above by proposing to extend those "benefits" to city three-year-olds.
He admits he doesn't have the money to pay for it, writing, "[i]n order to achieve the vision of 3-K for All citywide, the City will need additional support from partners in the State and federal government."
Have any of those signed on yet? No. But why should that stop a victory lap press release?
What de Blasio doesn't mention is that he also has neither the space (see the protesting Upper East Side parents above) nor the teachers to fulfill his objectives.
NYC public schools are desperately overcrowded as it is. Art and science rooms are being closed and turned into classrooms. Many elementary schools are forced to cut gym, despite research showing that movement is vital to successful learning. At the most popular schools, Pre-K is being dropped in order to accommodate more incoming kindergarteners. (One lawyer mom actually sued her Queens school – and won – by arguing that although kindergarten is mandatory, Pre-K is not, and so kindergarten should have allocation priority.)
And then there is the teacher issue. When touting Universal Pre-Kindergarten, de Blasio promised that each classroom would have a Lead Teacher who held a Masters in Early Childhood Education. But even pulling them out of programs that served the needy didn't provide enough qualified candidates, and so eligibility was expanded to those who were in a Master's program – or planned to be in one, and had a Bachelor's Degree – in any subject. An aspiring Assistant Teacher will now need merely a high-school diploma/GED, and a certificate.
So if there aren't enough qualified teachers to serve all the four-year-olds, how in the world does the mayor plan to scrounge up enough to the teach the three-year-olds, an arguably even more delicate demographic?
Finally, over half of NYC teens continue to graduate non-college ready, some elementary schools report a horrifying 5% state test passing rate, and qualification for G&T programs remains flat for Black and Hispanic students despite the magic bullet that UPK was intended to be. The question remains: How are thirteen years of an inferior education supposed to be fixed by fourteen years of the same?
Or now, a proposed fifteen?
College and Career Ready Kindergarten Mayor Bill de Blasio Parent Voices Pre-Kindergarten School Funding
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Next Post Dear NAACP: This Charter School Embraced My Son After a Traditional School Tried To Push Him Out


text:
Greenpeace: Fishmeal industry stealing regional food and livelihoods in West Africa
Fish landings
FAO Working Group on the Asses...
Report of the Twenty-First Ses...
Retrospective and prospective ...
Presentation of Senegal: Prese...
FAO - The State of World Fishe...
Fish landings - Fr
Source: Greenpeace | Jun 19, 2019
All three species of fish used for fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO) are essential for food security, and already overexploited
Decades of overfishing and government inaction have degraded regional fish stocks
DAKAR, Senegal, June 19, 2019/APO Group/ --
Greenpeace (www.Greenpeace.org/Africa) is calling on West African governments to immediately phase out the wasteful fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO) industry, to stop the threat to regional fish stocks essential for the food security and livelihoods of local people, outlined in a new Greenpeace report released today.
The report, entitled A waste of fish: Food security under threat from the fishmeal and fish oil industry in West Africa, raises strong concerns about the expanding FMFO industry in Mauritania, Senegal and The Gambia. All three species of fish used for FMFO are essential for food security, and already overexploited.[1]
"We're losing hundreds of thousands of tonnes of edible fish to fishmeal and fish oil exports, potentially impacting 40 million African consumers. West African governments must protect regional fish stocks and put the food security rights of their citizens first, by quickly decreasing the amount of fish going into fishmeal production,"[2] said Dr. Ibrahima Cissé, Oceans Campaign Manager for Greenpeace Africa.
"Decades of overfishing and government inaction have degraded regional fish stocks. Now the fishmeal industry is aggravating the problem to a critical level; taking fish from people's plates to feed fish farms, pigs or poultry in faraway markets. Catches that could be made by artisanal fishermen and the women who process them - which could feed low income families - is exported to be used as animal feed. It makes no sense.", added Ibrahima Cissé.
Greenpeace has found 50 operational FMFO factories in the region, 40 of which were active in March 2019. The majority of West African FMFO is destined for overseas markets, largely Asia and the EU. Exports of FMFO from Mauritania have doubled between 2014 and 2018, making this country now the largest exporter of fishmeal and fish oil in the region. In 2017, it was estimated that nearly 550,000 tonnes of pelagic fish were harvested to supply FMFO processing plants in Mauritania.[3]
The growing FMFO industry is not only threatening regional fish stocks but affecting livelihoods and food security. About 80 % of fish landings (https://bit.ly/2FhrHjq) in Senegal come from the artisanal sector, and fish provides around 70% of the population's animal protein needs, and over 50% of protein needs in The Gambia.[4][5]
Greenpeace Africa calls on West African governments and companies to face their responsibilities in the much-needed protection of regional fish stocks, as well as prioritise basic human rights: food security and the livelihoods of artisanal fishermen and women processors. "We have to put fish back on people's tables, before satisfying industrial farming," concluded Dr. Cissé.
[1] Round and flat sardinella and bonga species. FAO (2018). FAO Working Group on the Assessment of Small Pelagic Fish off Northwest Africa (advance copy). Banjul, The Gambia, 26 June - 01 July 2018. Available at https://bit.ly/2WQr6QD
[2] From CECAF (2016). Report of the Twenty-First Session of the Fishery Committee for the Eastern Central Atlantic. Available at https://bit.ly/2IpYWD6
[3] https://bit.ly/2MSnnx8
[4]Ocean Action Hub (2017). Présentation du Sénégal : Présentation du secteur de la pêche. Available at: https://bit.ly/2ITyXmq
[5]FAO (2018). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Available at: https://bit.ly/2ZDyFqJ
Bakary Coulibaly
African media requests
bakary.koulibaly@greenpeace.org
Photo collection: https://bit.ly/2KpiEkH
Food/Beverages
Greenpeace: Fishmeal industry stealing regional food and livelihoods in West Africa All three species of fish used for fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO) are essential for food security, and already overexploited DAKAR, Senegal, June 19, 2019/APO Group/ -- Greenpeace (www.Greenpeace.org/Africa) is calling on West African governments to immediately phase out the wasteful fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO) industry, to stop the threat to regional fish stocks essential for the food security and livelihoods of local people, outlined in a new Greenpeace report released today. The report, entitled A waste of fish: Food security under threat from the fishmeal and fish oil industry in West Africa, raises strong concerns about the expanding FMFO industry in Mauritania, Senegal and The Gambia. All three species of fish used for FMFO are essential for food security, and already overexploited.[1] "We're losing hundreds of thousands of tonnes of edible fish to fishmeal and fish oil exports, potentially impacting 40 million African consumers. West African governments must protect regional fish stocks and put the food security rights of their citizens first, by quickly decreasing the amount of fish going into fishmeal production,"[2] said Dr. Ibrahima Cissé, Oceans Campaign Manager for Greenpeace Africa. "Decades of overfishing and government inaction have degraded regional fish stocks. Now the fishmeal industry is aggravating the problem to a critical level; taking fish from people's plates to feed fish farms, pigs or poultry in faraway markets. Catches that could be made by artisanal fishermen and the women who process them - which could feed low income families - is exported to be used as animal feed. It makes no sense.", added Ibrahima Cissé. Greenpeace has found 50 operational FMFO factories in the region, 40 of which were active in March 2019. The majority of West African FMFO is destined for overseas markets, largely Asia and the EU. Exports of FMFO from Mauritania have doubled between 2014 and 2018, making this country now the largest exporter of fishmeal and fish oil in the region. In 2017, it was estimated that nearly 550,000 tonnes of pelagic fish were harvested to supply FMFO processing plants in Mauritania.[3] The growing FMFO industry is not only threatening regional fish stocks but affecting livelihoods and food security. About 80 % of fish landings (https://bit.ly/2FhrHjq) in Senegal come from the artisanal sector, and fish provides around 70% of the population's animal protein needs, and over 50% of protein needs in The Gambia.[4][5] Greenpeace Africa calls on West African governments and companies to face their responsibilities in the much-needed protection of regional fish stocks, as well as prioritise basic human rights: food security and the livelihoods of artisanal fishermen and women processors. "We have to put fish back on people's tables, before satisfying industrial farming," concluded Dr. Cissé. Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Greenpeace.


text:
nicolassmirnoff 6 Dec 2018 HOME
Oskar Kokoschka at Kunsthaus Zürich
From 14 December 2018 to 10 March 2019, the Kunsthaus Zürich presents Oskar Kokoschka – Expressionist, migrant and pacifist, the first retrospective of the artist's work in Switzerland in more than 30 years. One of the most significant figurative painters post-Second World War, Oskar Kokoschka influenced a generation of artists including Nancy Spero, Herbert Brandl and Denis Savary. The exhibition explores themes of figuration, experimentation with colours drawing from his own life as a migrant to five countries.
This remarkable exhibition features more than 200 works including the stunning highlight 'Prometheus Triptych', which has never been displayed in Switzerland before. Curator Cathérine Hug has brought together 100 paintings and an equal number of works on paper, photographs and letters from all phases of his career.
Two monumental triptychs 'The Prometheus Triptych' (1950, Courtauld Gallery, London) and 'Thermopylae' (1954, University of Hamburg) demonstrate Kokoschka's mature oeuvre. The two works have only been shown together once before, at Tate in 1962. They were created during a transitional phase: after a decade of wartime exile Kokoschka moved in 1953 to Villeneuve in Switzerland, where the artist lived until his death in 1980.
Reflecting the rich diversity of Kokoschka's life – his time spent abroad, his plays, his friendships with literary figures and Dadaists, with Wilhelm Wartmann, the first director of the Kunsthaus Zürich – the collateral programme is strong.
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Jackson Pollock Mural at the Columbia Museum of Art exhibition
Robert Mapplethorpe at the Atkinson


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Ngila Dickson
Watch Ngila's ScreenTalk interview
Ngila Dickson, ONZM, has designed costumes for vampires, university professors, fertility cults, and wizards in pointy hats. And that's only counting the work she has done for Kiwi filmmakers. Since sharing an Academy Award and a BAFTA for The Lord of the Rings trilogy, Dickson has contributed her costume prowess to movies in Japan, Germany, South Africa and Los Angeles.
Read the full biography
I can't make half-arsed outfits ... I have to make costumes as real as possible - however small the scene - because a costume is the actor's "pass" to a character. Ngila Dickson, in Brian Sibley's book The Lord of the Rings - The Making of the Movie Trilogy
Arts Foundation biography
Extended NZ Herald interview, June 2011
Recently added Name A-Z Name Z-A Newest first Oldest first
NZ Film Commission turns 40 - Past Memories
2018, Subject - Web
In these short clips from our ScreenTalk interviews, directors, actors and others share their memories of classic films, as we mark 40 years of the NZ Film Commission. - Roger Donaldson on odd Sleeping Dogs phone calls - David Blyth on Angel Mine being ahead of its time - Kelly Johnson on acting in Goodbye Pork Pie - Roger Donaldson on Smash Palace - Geoff Murphy on Utu's scale - Ian Mune on making Came a Hot Friday - Vincent Ward on early film exploits - Tom Scott on writing Footrot Flats with Murray Ball - Greg Johnson on acting in End of the Golden Weather - Rena Owen on Once Were Warriors - Melanie Lynskey on auditioning for Heavenly Creatures - Ngila Dickson on The Lord of the Rings - Niki Caro on missing Whale Rider's success - Antony Starr on Anthony Hopkins - Oscar Kightley on Sione's Wedding - Tammy Davis on Black Sheep - Leanne Pooley on the Topp Twins - Taika Waititi on napping at the Oscars - Cliff Curtis on The Dark Horse - Cohen Holloway on his Wilderpeople stars
Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny
2016, Costume Designer - Film
Childhood's End
2015, Costume Designer - Television
Mr Pip
As a bitter civil war tears apart the lives of his students, an isolated English school teacher in Bougainville (House star Hugh Laurie) finds a unique way to create hope; 14-year-old Matilda (Xzannjah Matsi) is enthralled by his Charles Dickens-infused disaster survival lessons. The life during wartime tale was directed by Kiwi Andrew Adamson (Shrek), and adapted from the 2006 Booker Prize short-listed novel by Lloyd Jones. Adamson spent time in Papua New Guinea, as the teen son of missionary parents. Laurie and Matsi won best actor gongs at the 2013 Moa Awards.
Without A Paddle
Monstrous spiders, dragon-aided epic battles, endangered hobbits and final farewells ... the finale of the Lord of the Rings trilogy boldly upped the ante. Although the first two films had excited viewers, critics and accountants, Return of the King sealed Peter Jackson's place in movie legend. Reviewers praised it with gusto and the film won a staggering 11 Oscars, a total matched only by Titanic and Ben-Hur. Return anointed a Hollywood empire in the Wellington suburb of Miramar. The box office figures weren't half bad, and nor was the effect on New Zealand tourism.
Superfire
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers
The second Lord of the Rings installment sees hobbit Frodo Baggins continuing his mission to destroy the ring. Meanwhile the Fellowship is breaking apart, and an epic night battle ensues at Helm's Deep. The film marked a star turn by Gollum, the emaciated Andy Serkis-voiced creature whose realisation was a cinema landmark and a triumph for the design and special effects team. Alongside praise for the film's pace and spectacle, The Two Towers broke international opening records, before going on to outgross Fellowship of the Ring, and win two technical Oscars.
The Fellowship of the Ring was the film that brought Peter Jackson's talents to a mass international audience. A year after its release, the first instalment of his adaptation of Tolkien's beloved tale of heroic hobbits was the seventh most successful film of all-time. Critic David Ansen (Newsweek) was one of many to praise the fan-appeasing Frodo-centric take, for its "high-flying risks: it wears its earnestness, and its heart, on its muddy, blood-streaking sleeve." At 2002's Academy Awards, Weta maestro Richard Taylor became the first Kiwi to win two Oscars on one night.
Hercules: The Legendary Journeys
1995 - 1998, Costume Designer - Television
1995, Costumes - Short Film
Luscious fruit, truckies, and Lucy Lawless feature in this Christine Parker short. Sal (Tania Simon) is gifted a peach and meets a saucy tow truck driver (Lawless) en route home to her toddler, and domestics with boyfriend Mog (Joel Tobeck). Mog's truckie mates arrive for beers, including the nameless driver, whose presence (and peach-eating advice) stirs up desire. "Watch it rot, or taste it when it's ripe." A roster of leading NZ film talent worked with Parker on the film, and Lawless' turn hints at the cross-sexual appeal of her breakthrough role on Xena - Warrior Princess.
The movie that won splatter king Peter Jackson mainstream respectability was born from writer Fran Walsh's long interest in the Parker-Hulme case: two 1950s teens who invented imaginary worlds, wrote under imaginary personas, and murdered Pauline Parker's mother. Jackson and Walsh's vision of friendship, creativity and tragedy was greeted with Oscar nominations, deals with indie company Miramax, and rhapsodic acclaim for the film, and newbie actors Melanie Lynskey and Kate Winslet. Time magazine and 30 other publications named it one of the year's 10 best films.
Jack Be Nimble
In director Garth Maxwell's 1993 gothic horror twins Jack and Dora (late US actor Alexis Arquette and Kiwi Sarah Smuts-Kennedy) are separated while young; their adult reunion sees them battling the trauma of their past while being pursued by Jack's sadistic step sisters. Complete with ESP,and a steam-driven hypnosis machine, Maxwell makes an exuberant and surreal contribution to the cinema of unease. New York Times' Stephen Holden lauded the heady head-spinner as "a superior genre film" with a "feverish intensity that recalls scenes from Hitchcock and De Palma."
Moonrise (aka Grampire)
While visiting family down under, American teen Lonny catches up with his grandfather, a man with an infectious giggle, a thirst for adventure — and two vampire-sized incisors. Released locally as Grampire, this family-friendly adventure combines local names (among them future Pluto singer Milan Borich) with a winning turn as nice guy vampire by American Al Lewis (cult series The Munsters). Director David Blyth was won over by Michael Heath's script because it reversed convention, and "was a plea for children to be allowed to keep and develop their imaginations".
Crush is a tale of simmering sexuality set in Rotorua. Moral or sexual ambiguity pervades the narrative of conflicted desire. Its mix of blocked-up writer, spurting mud-pools, infatuated teen, eel farm, American femme fatale (Marcia Gay Harden), noir motels, limp pongas and wheelchairs, plays out in a symbolic NZ landscape not seen before (or since). Director Alison Maclean's debut feature (which she co-wrote with Anne Kennedy) played in competition at the Cannes Film Festival.
The Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior
1991, Art Director - Television
This dramatised documentary looks back to 1955, when a female bottlenose dolphin began appearing regularly in Hokianga Harbour, close to the town of Opononi. Opo became a national celebrity, but died in controversial circumstances on 9 March 1956, the suspected victim of bombing by local fisherman. Directed by Steve La Hood (Numero Bruno, Swimming Lessons), the film recreates events of the summer and explores the belief of local Māori that Opo was a messenger sent by Kupe to unite the people. It includes interviews and extensive archival footage of Opo.
Ruby and Rata
1990, Wardrobe Supervisor - Film
Originally conceived as a TV series, Gaylene Preston's comedy was a local hit, uplifting recession-era audiences with its tale of resourceful misfits. Ruby (Yvonne Lawley), an 83-year-old trying to dodge a retirement home, rents a room to Rata (Vanessa Rare in her screen debut) — a solo mum with sidelines in music and benefit fraud. Rata's son is into shoplifting, while Simon Barnett plays a hapless yuppie wannabe. Marginalised by the deregulated economy of the 80s and living on their wits, they may just find common cause despite themselves, in this tale from writer Graeme Tetley.
A dog-goddess effigy possessing aphrodisiac powers is the quarry for a cast of oddball pursuers in this caper comedy — from a cosmetics tycoon to a duo of doctors using retirees as guinea pigs in a quest for eternal youth. The dog's handler is geeky Billy, aided by his girlfriend Gus and their bull terrier Cyclops. The chaotic Auckland romp was the debut feature for Gregor Nicholas (he would go on to helm acclaimed short Avondale Dogs and feature film Broken English). This excerpt features a take on Space Odyssey's docking scene, as interpreted by Benny Hill.
The Rainbow Warrior Conspiracy
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Does anyone struggle with walking and get tired easily?
Hi Emma, yes I struggle with walking any distance, but I force my self to go out and walk everyday. If I feel good I try to walk for longer.
You will find that for this lovely symptom that the majority of us will say yes to a varying degree.
Like almost everyone else on here, I struggle with fatigue. After I have got up, and got my daughter off to school, I go back to bed and fall asleep (the fact that I very rarely manage an uninterrupted night due to having to get up to go to the loo doesn't help…). Like Paul, I try to get outside every day (Lancashire rain permitting). It stops me going mad being cooped up in the house all day. Keeping as fit and mobile as possible is very important, but don't forget to keep mentally fit as well. Do try to keep your brain occupied too. I have rediscovered the joy of reading, something I didn't really have time for before this awful disease meant I had to give up a demanding full-time career, which I loved. You will be able to find plenty to do.
Life is not over, by a long stretch. Pace yourself, and enjoy.
Yes, I managed a walk yesterday and an hour drive. Paying the price today, my lovely burning nerve pain is back in my feet!


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Q: Problems communicating with MS/TP using the bacnet-stack-1.0.0 apps example
*

*I use the server example in apps to simulate BACNET MS/TP SERVER, by modifying the environment variable to set the baud rate 38400, MAC address 0x78.
The operation effect is as follows:

/var/user/app/device_supervisor # ./bacserv 20000
BACnet Server Demo
BACnet Stack Version 1.0.0
BACnet Device ID: 20000
Max APDU: 480
pyh defined MSTP
MS/TP Interface: /dev/ttyO3
RS485: Initializing /dev/ttyO3 at Baud Rate 38400=success!
MS/TP MAC: 78
MS/TP Max_Master: 7F
MS/TP Max_Info_Frames: 1

*I use the readprop example in apps to simulate the BACNET MS/TP CLIENT, by modifying the environment variable to set the baud rate of 38400, MAC address 0x79,
The operation effect is as follows:

root@pyhao-VirtualBox:~/pyhao/tmp/bacnet-stack-1.0.0-yuan/apps/readprop# ./bacrp_mstp_x86 20000 0 0 85 --mac 78
pyh defined MSTP
MS/TP Interface: /dev/ttyS1
RS485: Initializing /dev/ttyS1 at Baud Rate 38400=success!
MS/TP MAC: 79
MS/TP Max_Master: 7F
MS/TP Max_Info_Frames: 10
pyh send read req
pyh Send_Read_Property_Request_Address
pyh dlmstp_send_pdu
pyh Ringbuf_Data_Put
pyh bytes_sent = 13
pyh pdu len = 0
pyh pdu len = 0
pyh pdu len = 0
pyh pdu len = 0
pyh pdu len = 0
pyh pdu len = 0
pyh pdu len = 0

bacnet-stack-1.0.0-yuan/apps/readprop/main.c
        /* returns 0 bytes on timeout */
        pdu_len = datalink_receive(&src, &Rx_Buf[0], MAX_MPDU, timeout);
        printf("pyh pdu len = %d\n", pdu_len);

As shown above, when I ran the client program I did not read the value of the property, and the server did not print anything, I was sure that my connection was okay because I used rs485.c for the 485 test and sent and received data normally.
The same way I used bacnet/ip to communicate normally, but it didn't work in mstp mode, I searched for some materials, but it didn't help me with the problem I was having

A: The issue has been resolved for the following reasons:
At that time, it was judged that there was no problem in the environment, only verified that the message sent from the gateway was sent, and the virtual machine could receive it, but after troubleshooting today, it was found that the virtual machine could not receive the message gateway, and the problem was solved after replacing the serial port cable

A: I have no clue with regards to the BACnet Stack usage, and not much understanding of MS/TP, but would you not also have to specify the relevant 'DNET' value in addition to the 'DADR' value (of "78") - a pairing of both values together.
A packet-capture might help you see the problem, or better still, start with (hopefully) a success case using 'VTS' (Visual Test Shell) - to contrast against.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


When the Presidents Cup returns to the United States for the 2017 edition it will be hosted by Liberty National Golf Club in New Jersey, one of the most spectacular courses in the world of golf and only the fourth golf course in the United States to host the prestigious team match-play event. The Presidents Cup will take place September 25 through October 1.
One of the United States' most picturesque golf courses, Liberty National is located along the Hudson River in Jersey City with striking views of the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island and the Manhattan skyline. The golf club fittingly opened on July 4, 2006. Designed by former U.S. Open Champion Tom Kite and esteemed golf course mastermind Bob Cupp, Liberty National has been the proud host to the first event of the PGA TOUR's FedExCup Playoffs, THE NORTHERN TRUST, in 2009 and 2013 which were won by Heath Slocum and Adam Scott respectively. That event will be played at Liberty National again in 2019 and 2022.
This year, the magnificent Liberty National will welcome 24 of the finest players on the planet to contest the 12th installment of the Presidents Cup in the spirit of sportsmanship that represents all that is good about the game of golf.
Unlike most sporting events, players are not paid for their participation in the Presidents Cup There is no purse or prize money. Instead, each competitor designates charities or golf-related projects of his choice to receive a portion of the funds raised through the staging of each Presidents Cup. With players, captains and captains' assistants hailing from dozens of countries, their donations have positively impacted a variety of charitable causes around the world. From providing medical care for neglected animals in Greenville, South Carolina to school lunches for underprivileged children in South Korea; from funding for teachers and facilities in earthquake-ravaged Haiti to support for programs that bring golf to the disabled in South Africa; from scholarships for children of fallen California firefighters to addiction recovery programs in Australia—these are but a few examples of the myriad ways those involved in the Presidents Cup have been able to affect change in their communities, home countries and globally.
Since the inception of the 1994 Presidents Cup, more than $38.4 million has been raised for charity from event proceeds, including a record-breaking $6 million for charitable causes around the world following the 2015 Presidents Cup. Over the past 21 years, the Presidents Cup has impacted more than 450 charities in 15 countries worldwide and 35 states in the U.S.
But more compelling than numbers and dollar figures are the stories from those whose lives have been touched by the generosity of the event's participants.
It's often said that the Presidents Cup represents all that is good about the game of golf: sportsmanship, international goodwill and friendly competition. When a sporting event is contested within this framework, there are only winners—on and off the golf course—no matter what the outcome of the competition.
Nick Price and Steve Stricker will serve as captains of the International and U.S. Teams, respectively, for the 2017 event. Price, two-time captain of the International Team and a World Golf Hall of Famer, joins Stricker, a first-time captain who is a five-time U.S. Team member and 2015 captain's assistant.
Stricker and Price actually matched up against each other once during the 1996 Presidents Cup. Stricker and Tom Lehman squared off against Price and Peter Senior in the day one morning four-ball match, with Stricker/Lehman coming out on top, 4 and 2. Stricker compiled a 14-10-0 record during his Presidents Cup career, compared to Price at 8-11-4.
Stricker owns 12 victories on the PGA TOUR, including the 2001 World Golf Championships-Dell Technologies Match Play, two FedExCup Playoff events (2007, 2009) and the Memorial Tournament in 2011. In addition to his five appearances on the U.S. Presidents Cup Team as a competitor and captain's assistant in 2015, he competed on the U.S. Ryder Cup Team three times (2008, 2010, 2012), served as a captain's assistant in 2014 and 2016. After turning 50 earlier this year, Stricker joined the PGA TOUR Champions and nearly won in his first start.
An 18-time winner on the PGA TOUR—including three major championship triumphs—Price also collected 29 international victories in a professional career that began in South Africa in 1977. After claiming the 1992 PGA Championship, Price enjoyed his best season in 1993, winning four times with a highlighted five-stroke victory at THE PLAYERS Championship—and was named PGA TOUR Player of the Year. As an encore in 1994, Price enjoyed one of the most prolific seasons in TOUR history, winning six times—including the Open Championship and PGA Championship— en route to being named PGA TOUR Player of the Year for a second consecutive season and reaching No. 1 in the Official World Golf Ranking. Price, who was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2003, has four PGA TOUR Champions titles on his impressive resume.


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Examples of Gothic architecture from Central Europe
SOURCE: J. C. Palmes (ed.). Sir Banister Fletcher's A History of architecture, 18th ed. (London: Athlone Press, 1975), p. NOTES: A) timber house, Erfurt; B) stone screen, Oberwesel; C) house, Hildesheim; D) Holy Well, Ratisbon Cathedral; E) choir, Halberstadt Cathedral; F) south porch, St. Lawrence, Nuremberg; G) porch, Erfurt Cathedral; H) W. portal, St. Elizabeth, Marburg; J) choir, Erfurt Cathedral
Ref no RIBA100892
Style Gothic
Library Reference SR 72.03//FLE
Notes SOURCE: J. C. Palmes (ed.). Sir Banister Fletcher's A History of architecture, 18th ed. (London: Athlone Press, 1975), p. NOTES: A) timber house, Erfurt; B) stone screen, Oberwesel; C) house, Hildesheim; D) Holy Well, Ratisbon Cathedral; E) choir, Halberstadt Cathedral; F) south porch, St. Lawrence, Nuremberg; G) porch, Erfurt Cathedral; H) W. portal, St. Elizabeth, Marburg; J) choir, Erfurt Cathedral


text:
Who is Michael Packard? Cape Cod diver briefly swallowed by humpback whale like Jonah in Bible
The Cape Cod lobster diver found himself trapped inside the whale for 30-40 seconds, before being spit out resulting in minor injuries
By Srivats Lakshman
Updated On : 19:58 PST, Jun 11, 2021
A humpback whale breaches in a lagoon on June 04, 2019 in Alameda, California. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)
Michael Packard, a lobster diver from Cape Cod, Massachusetts had a rather unusual experience on June 11. Packard entered the water at around 8 am, for his second dive of the day. Shortly afterward, he was surrounded by blackness and felt a squeezing sensation. Thankfully, he was spat out seconds later, and crewman Josiah Mayo picked Packard up and sped back to land.
The incident is a very rare one since whales reportedly do not feed on humans. Over the years, encounters with whales have largely been due to whales washing up on shore, or dying. In February 2019, scientists found a whale calf in the middle of the Amazon forest, sparking great interest and a rush of visitors. A year later, Londoners were treated to an unusual whale sighting in the Thames river, before 'Hessy' was tragically struck by a boat and died.
Diver killed by great white shark moments after jumping into water as horrified partner watched
Teen diver who filmed submerged car on his GoPro camera helps police find body of woman who went missing 27 years ago
Out at sea, divers and fishermen have usually been at risk of shark attacks, like another incident in Cape Cod. In April 2020, a great white shark attempted to bite a fisherman's boat after the boat got too close to the whale carcass the shark was feeding on. Sharks are extremely common in Cape Cod, leading Packard to believe he was first swallowed by one. He then realized he hadn't suffered any wounds, so it was a whale that had consumed him.
A humpback whale swims in the Ilulissat Icefjord on August 04, 2019 in Ilulissat, Greenland. (Sean Gallup/Getty Images)
Who is Michael Packard?
Packard, a Provincetown native has a Marine Technology and Fisheries degree from the University of Rhode Island. His Facebook account says he graduated in 1986, before being employed as a commercial fisherman. The 56-year-old is married and has two boys - who are 12 and 15. He currently works as a commercial lobster diver, lives in Wellfleet, and owns his own vessel - Ja'n J. This isn't Packard's first brush with death. Over 10 years ago, he survived a plane crash in Costa Rica that killed several others and he was found two days later in the jungle.
Packard's Facebook page is filled with photos of his two boys and numerous fishing adventures. Packard's incident has quickly made local after he shared his experience with the Provincetown Community Space Facebook group. "I just want to clarify what happened to me today. I was lobster diving and A humpback whale tried to eat me. I was in his closed mouth for about 30 to 40 seconds before he rose to the surface and spit me out.I am very bruised up but have no broken bones," he said.
Michael Packard, Cape Cod lobster diver (Facebook/Provincetown Community Space)
In an interview with local TV station WFXT, Packard said, "All I could feel was pressure and movement and this whale just swimming and just shaking his head. And then I realized, I said, 'It's not a shark.' The only other thing is 'I just got eaten by a whale'." Reportedly, he's been diving for 40 years and this was the first time he ever encountered a whale so closely. "I was completely inside; it was completely black," Packard told Cape Cod Times. "I thought to myself, 'there's no way I'm getting out of here. I'm done, I'm dead."
Thankfully, that didn't turn out to be the case. Within 30-40 seconds, he said, "I saw light, and he started throwing his head side to side, and the next thing I knew I was outside." Mayo then picked Packard up and sped back to the shore. He was then admitted to Cape Cod Hospital and treated for his injuries.
His story has also caught the attention of many Christians, for its similarities to the tale of Jonah. One person replied to Packard's Facebook post, "a real life Jonah!". Another said, "this puts you on par with Jonah." On Twitter, one person shared the story and dubbed Packard, "Jonah of Wellfleet." Another user joked, "new jonah just dropped."
Jonah of Wellfleet https://t.co/kjxWC0Rp7l
— Mara Gay (@MaraGay) June 11, 2021
new jonah just dropped https://t.co/lpmd3qTc8O
— hannah gais (@hannahgais) June 11, 2021
Packard reportedly has a dislocated knee and soft tissue damage. But the incident isn't likely to put him off diving, he reportedly said he plans to go back out as soon as possible.
Interestingly, there have been instances of divers being swallowed by whales elsewhere as well. In 2019 a diver was swimming off the coast of South Africa to photograph sharks when "everything went dark" and he quickly realized a whale had swallowed him whole. South African photographer and dive tour operator Rainer Schimpf, 51, was swallowed by a mammoth Bryde's whale and later spat out just like the whale did to Packard.


We would like to draw your attention to several aspects which have occurred over the past 10 days in inter-Korean relations, which result in an aggravation of the relatively calm atmosphere created at the end of 1972.
The political stabilization process experienced by South Korea, generated by the success of certain actions following the state of emergency, instituted in December 1972, continued to consolidate itself.
The last international contacts of South Korean authorities (the dialogue of Kim Jong-pil with Nixon and Tanaka) created a sense of security for the regime in Seoul.
On the backdrop of this situation, the South Korean authorities have proceeded towards consolidating their defense system, towards completing large-scale military operations, exercise of local defense, while taking up again the old style of labeling and disseminating "danger" from the Northern side.
During his first press conference this year, held on 12 January, President Park Chung Hee, using rough language towards the DPRK, pointed out the fact that distrust towards the North is still prevalent and therefore, military forces need to be consolidated. At the same time, he underlined the reduced efficiency of inter-Korean relations. In reply, the DPRK reopened the campaign of criticism against the South, in particular condemning military actions and U.S. engagement in modernizing the South Korean army.
Old affirmations about "the incessant strengthening of fascist policies in the country and of warmongering policies carried by South Korean authorities" re-emerged in the discourse held by Deputy Prime Minister Pak Seong-cheol [Pak Song Chol] at a public meeting (10.01 current year [10 January 1973]).
DPRK is visibly irritated by the personality cult created in South Korea and abroad around Park Chung Hee, as well as by the fact that the latter is speaking for 50 million Koreans; that is to say, that the South Korean president is claiming all initiative in contact with the North.
In analyzing the causes for this impasse in the dialogue between the two parts of Korea, we believe they lie in the outlook on the purpose, stages and rhythm of North-South contacts.
While the South is supporting a gradual approach to present problems, starting from the simple towards the more complex ones, the North is pushing for direct and expedient solutions to fundamental issues, which in their turn would lead to the solving of minor issues.
Secondly, cooperation actions envisioned by the DPRK for the near future are not going to be accepted by the South since they are tailored on the political-economic superiority of the North and hold true to the politically revolutionary purposes of the South Korean population.
Keeping in mind the present situation, and most of all the high-level official declarations of the two sides, we expect that no efficient steps will be made towards putting into practice the understandings and accords made in theory by the act of setting up the South-North Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
지난 열흘 간 남북 관계와 관련하여 발생한 주요 사안들 중, 1972년 말에 조성된 비교적 평온한 분위기의 악화를 초래한 몇 가지 사안에 대하여 설명하고자 한다.
(1972년 12월에 선포된) 국가비상사태 이후 실행된 일련의 조치들이 성공을 거두면서, 남한에서는 정치적 안정화가 진행되었고 이러한 안정화 절차는 계속해서 공고해졌다.
남한 당국이 국제적으로 접촉을 진행하면서 (김종필과 닉슨 및 다나카 간의 담화) 남한 정부는 안전하다는 인식을 갖게 되었다.
이러한 상황에서 남한 당국은 국방 체계를 강화하고 대규모 군사작전 및 지역방위훈련을 완료하기 위한 작업을 추진했으며, 북측으로부터의 "위험성"을 비방하고 유포하는 과거의 방식을 다시금 채택했다.
1월 12일에 있었던 신년 첫 기자회견에서 박정희 대통령은 조선민주주의인민공화국에 대해 거친 말투를 사용하며, 북조선에 대한 불신이 여전히 만연해 있으므로 군사력을 강화할 필요가 있다고 주장했다. 이와 동시에 박정희는 남북관계의 효율성이 떨어졌다는 사실을 강조했다.
이에 대해 조선민주주의인민공화국은 남한에 대한 비난 공세를 재개하였는데, 특히 군사 행동 및 남한의 군사 현대화 작업에 대한 미국의 개입을 비난했다.
박성철 부총리가 공개 회담에서 실시한 담화 (1973년 1월 10일자)에서는 "남조선 당국은 끊임없이 파시스트적이고 주전론적인 정책을 강화하고 있다"는 오래된 단언이 다시금 등장했다.
조선민주주의인민공화국은 남한 내외에서 조성되고 있는 박정희에 대한 개인 숭배의 분위기, 그리고 박정희가 5천만 조선인들을 대변하고 있다는 사실, 즉 박정희가 북조선과의 접촉에 있어 전적인 주도권을 주장하고 있다는 사실에 격분하고 있다.
남북 간 대화가 교착상태에 빠지게 된 원인을 분석함에 있어, 우리는 그 원인이 북남 간 접촉의 목적, 단계 및 흐름에 관한 견해에 있다고 생각하고 있다.
남측은 단순한 문제에서 시작해서 보다 복잡한 문제를 다뤄 나가는 점진적인 접근법을 선호하는 반면, 북측은 근본적인 사안을 직접적이고 신속하게 다룸으로써 사소한 사안들을 해결해 나가는 방식을 추진하고 있다.
두 번째로, 남측은 당분간 조선민주주의인민공화국이 구상하고 있는 협력 조치들을 수락하지 않을 것이다. 이 조치들은 북한의 정치적, 경제적 우월성을 기반으로 하여 수립되었으며, 남측 국민들의 정치적으로 혁명적인 목적에 부합하기 때문이다.
현재의 상황, 특히 양측에 의해 발표된 고위급 공식 선언들로 미루어 보아, 남북조절위원회 설립을 통해 이론적으로 수립된 이해 및 조화를 이행하기 위한 효과적인 조치가 취해지지는 않을 것으로 전망된다.


text:
Kotrimoksazól je zdravilo s kombinacijo dveh učinkovin, sulfametoksazola in trimetoprima, navadno v razmerju 5:1. Gre za antibiotik s širokim spektrom delovanja, ki se uporablja za zdravljenje številnih bakterijskih okužb, in sicer okužb sečil, kožnih okužb s proti meticilinu odpornim Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), potovalne driske, okužb dihal, kolere itd. Uporablja se za preprečevanje in zdravljenje pnevmocistične pljučnice in toksoplazmoze pri bolnikih s hivom/aidsom in drugih bolnikih z oslabelim imunskim sistemom. Uporablja se skozi usta in intravensko.

Pogosti neželeni učinki kotrimoksazola so slabost, bruhanje, izpuščaj in driska. Pride lahko tudi do hudih preobčutljivostnih reakcij ali okužbe s Clostridium difficile. Uporaba med nosečnostjo se odsvetuje. Podatki kažejo, da je uporaba med dojenjem varna (če je dojenec zdrav). Zdravilo deluje baktericidno – ubije bakterijske celice. Zavira sintezo in izrabo folata v bakterijah.

Kotrimoksazol je prišel na trg leta 1974. Uvrščen je na seznam osnovnih zdravil Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije, torej med najpomembnejša učinkovita in varna zdravila, potrebna za normalno zagotavljanje zdravstvene oskrbe. Na trgu so večizvorna (generična) zdravila.

Klinična uporaba
Kotrimoksazol je v preteklosti veljal za učinkovitejše zdravilo za zdravljenje bakterijskih okužb v primerjavi z uporabo katere od posameznih učinkovin, torej samega sulfametoksazola ali samega trimetoprima. Kasnejše ugotovitve tega niso podprle. V številnih državah so zaradi znatnih neželenih učinkov, vključno s preobčutljivostnimi reakcijami, njegovo uporabo omejili le na določene indikacije. Učinkovit je pri raznih okužbah zgornjih in spodnjih dihal, ledvic in nasploh sečil, prebavil, kože in ran, pri sepsah in drugih okužbah, ki jih povzročajo za klotrimoksazol občutljive bakterije. Pri toksoplazemskem horioretinitisu tudi preprečuje njegovo ponovitev. Zaradi svetovnega problema čedalje večje odpornosti bakterij proti antibiotikom postaja uporaba kotrimoksazola zopet aktualnejša.

Občutljivi povzročitelji
Bakterije, proti katerim izkazuje kotrimoksazol učinkovitost, vključujejo:

 Acinetobacter spp.
 Aeromonas hydrophila
 Alcaligenes/Achromobacter spp.
 Bartonella henselae
 Bordetella pertussis (povzročitelj oslovskega kašlja)
 Brucella spp.
 Burkholderia cepacia
 Burkholderia mallei (povzročitelj smrkavosti)
 Burkholderia pseudomallei (povzročitelj melioidoze)
 Chlamydia trachomatis (povzročitelj klamidijske okužbe)
 Chryseobacterium meningosepticum
 Citrobacter spp.
 Enterobacter spp.
 Escherichia coli
 Haemophilus influenzae
 Hafnia alvei
 Kingella spp.
 Klebsiella granulomatis
 Klebsiella pneumoniae
 Legionella spp.
 Listeria monocytogenes (povzročitelj listerioze)
 Moraxella catarrhalis
 Morganella morganii
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (povzročitelj tuberkuloze)
 Neisseria gonorrhoeae (povzročitelj gonoreje)
 Neisseria meningitidis (povzročitelj meningokoknega meningitisa)
 Nocardia spp.
 Plesiomonas shigelloides
 Pneumocystis jirovecii
 Proteus mirabilis
 Proteus vulgaris
 Providencia rettgeri
 Providencia stuartii
 Salmonella typhi (povzročitelj tifusa)
 netifusne vrste rodu Salmonella
 Serratia spp.
 Shigella spp.
 Staphylococcus aureus
 Staphylococcus epidermidis
 Staphylococcus saprophyticus
 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
 Streptococcus agalactiae
 Streptococcus faecalis
 Streptococcus pneumoniae
 Streptococcus pyogenes
 Streptococcus viridans
 Toxoplasma gondii (povzročitelj toksoplazmoze)
 Tropheryma whippelii (povzročitelj Whipplove bolezni)
 Vibrio cholerae (povzročitelj kolere)
 Yersinia enterocolitica
 Yersinia pestis (povzročitelj kuge)
 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Izrazito za kotrimoksazol neobčutljive bakterije so le Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mikoplazme in Francisella tularensis (povzročitelj tularemije).

Varnost
Pogosti neželeni učinki kotrimoksazola so slabost, bruhanje, izpuščaj in driska. Pride lahko tudi do hudih preobčutljivostnih reakcij ali okužbe s Clostridium difficile.

V zelo redkih primerih lahko pride tudi do življenjsko ogrožajočih reakcij na koži (stevens-johnsonov sindrom in toksična epidermalna nekroliza).

Med uporabo se je treba izogibati pitju alkoholnih pijač, ker lahko pride do reakcije z rdečico, potenjem, motnjami srčnega ritma in zaspanostjo.

Mehanizem delovanja
Kombinacija učinkovin sulfametoksazola in trimetoprima deluje na dveh ravneh sinteze tetrahidrofolne kisline, aktivne oblike folne kisline. Le-ta sodeluje v biosintezi purinov in s tem v biosintezi nukleinskih kislin bakterij.

Sklici

Antibiotiki
Kombinirana zdravila
Osnovna zdravila Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije

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