Петраш К. М. Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to the Definition of the Essence of The Russian Social Insurance System // Молодой ученый. — 2012. — №4. — С. 163-165. — URL https://moluch.ru/archive/39/4646/ (дата обращения: 19.04.2019).
1) A well-known theorist of social insurance N.A. Vigdorchik defined the social insurance as «a special form of the organized mutual help when the risk of misfortune is considered in advance, and the risk of material losses could be distributed also between all the participants» [2, p. 14]. According to our opinion this point of view shows interrelation of social insurance with commercial «a special form of the organized mutual help», «the risk of the for seen statistically counted misfortune», the possibility of material losses divided between other participants of the organization on the principles of solidarity and interchange, we called, in other words, social insurance assumes interchangeable participation of the all interested parties in the process.
2) The therminological and methodological multiaspect of social insurance has found the development in the definition given by one of the leading experts in the area of social insurance and management of social risks professor V. D. Roik: social insurance – «a set of social, economic and legal relations in the formation and distribution of the financial means which are necessary for the protection of the working population from social risks (economic aspect)», and also the system off «the rights and duties of subjects providing social guarantees insured for those who are (legal aspect)» [7, p.132 ].
3) There is such a point of view according to which social insurance methodologically coincides with personal insurance, i.e. with the standard insurance norms. For example, a well known expert in the field of the right of social security S. M. Kovalevsky considers that «the insurance mechanism providing protection from these risks, should be the insurance mechanism of personal insurance» [1, p. 14]. Otherwise, mechanism of social insurance could be worked out from the economic or commercial positions.
4) This approach to the essence of social insurance is based on the emergence of this insurance proceeding from the labor relations in the conditions of the market economy which is based generally on a private property of the means of production. Most detailable this approach to the definition of the essence of social insurance has been revealed by V. G. Pavluchenko in the manual «Social insurance» on the basis of the theoretical provisions of V.D. Roik stated in his book «Basis of social insurance».[6, p. 28]. It is necessary to add to the adherents of these views as E.E. Machulsky. [4, p. 26]. According to other adherent of this position such as V. G. Pavluchenko, the essence of the social insurance is expressed in the relations between wage labor and the capital, reproducing in the repeating cycles. Labor of the hired worker – as a specific good possessing the changing cost depending on social and economic development, based one the level of trade-union movement and other factors. There is a law of the cost of labor, and only on the basis of its action and functioning of the capital labor reproduction it because is carried out. For this author the cost of labor is a cost of the goods, services, the vital means are necessary for the person for the maintenance of normal activity, including the maintenance of the family, expenses for the education, medical care, satisfaction of cultural requirements, etc. In case when a worker can not participate in the working process (because off illness, disability, unemployment, etc.) there is a condition of material neediness for the worker (his family). Such a threat (risk) of nonparticipation in labor activity and material neediness is not a private affair (and risk) only of a certain worker. The specified risks gain public character. Therefore there is a need of solidary actions of all the participants of the process of production on ensuring the reproduction of labor at the moment of realization of the risk of material neediness. The market economy and the corresponding labor relations are being reproduced together with the specified risks for a considerable part of the population, creating threat to their material neediness because of the earnings loss and the are moval from production process. However the hired workers can't do without sale of the labor, as well as the capitalist whose object is receiving profit, can't exist without its purchase.
5) Such authors as Slivka A.V., Lomakina T.P., Shor I.M. united by the insurance theory have been presented in chapter 48 by Russian Federation Group and the Law Russian Federation «About the organization of insurance business in the Russian Federation» [8, p. 31]. According to the theory insurance is determined by the existence of the insurance risks and specific signs of social insurance to which they carry the following: binding character; the purpose – insurance protection of manpower; realization of a principle of collective solidarity; not always monetary form of social security; jurisdiction to bodies of social insurance. Authors note that, «these specific signs function within the general insurance theory and its fundamental principles and installations», namely: the attitude to risk as to the fundamental concept of insurance process; using of the insurance terminology; similarity of functions which possess commercial and social insurance (the risking function which the accumulation of insurance fees and their redistribution at insured events; investment function; preventive function).
6) T.A. Fyodorova and K.M. Gusova when defining of essence of social insurance start with social policy of the state, designating social insurance as the mechanism (or a form) of realization of this policy providing social protection of the population [3, p. 11].
According to our opinion, in all considered approaches of the definition of social insurance there are constructive elements opening its essence. However, from our point of view, in the definition of the essence of social insurance «social» is necessary ceed from the very concept.
In S.I. Ojegov's dictionary «social» is defined as public, relating to life of people and their relations in society. We consider that the essence of social insurance consists in public from a word «social» [5, p. 614]. The character processes of activity, interrelations and interdependence (interconditionality) of various social subjects of society and is defined by their specific relations in the risk of operating conditions.
Let us show, how we understanding.
disability at an old age leads to the loss of earnings, worsens material level and the quality of life (when there are no other sources of income), it brings the person to other social category – pensioners, etc.
As a result of objectively existing threats (risks) of making a harm to material level and quality of life of citizens, their social status, each of them and their collectives in the organizations (as cumulative worker). A realized need for the protection of the social interests is formed as a result a desire in the protection of his social interests appears. The citizen becomes aware of the necessity of social insurance from different damages and diseases, etc. Social insurance is necessary to rise up people's material welfare the quality of life on the basis of rules and laws.
Social and insurance interest is an objective-subjective category and is a necessary condition of implementation of social insurance. Centuries-old experience shows that the most reliable and available source of necessary means at the specified losses, deterioration of social situation, the worse of material level and the quality of life of citizens is social insurance.
Thus, from above told it is necessary to draw a conclusion that the essence of social insurance consists in objective need of citizens in insurance protection of their social interests, directly expressed in its (families) property and non-property interests (in our their understanding), directed at satisfaction of his corresponding requirements in risk conditions of public forms of life and activity of social subjects with financial and economic participation and legislative regulation of these processes from the state.
The citizen – the individual, has social and insurance interest, that is, is interested in insurance protection of their social interests for the purpose of preservation, restoration or improvement of the material level and quality of life (including his families), the social status which can be worsen as a result of making damage to life, to health, its property, to its income and the existence conditions.
In the presence of the necessary financial means the citizen has the right and can carry out insurance protection of the social interests or social interests of other persons, including members of the family. When a person insurances himself, as we know, is at the same time the insurer and the insured person, and at insurance of other persons by him (insured) – only the insurer. The rights and duties of those and other subjects of insurance (beneficiaries) are regulated by rules of law generally by the insurance legislation, customs of a business turn in the insurance sphere. Thus, the essence of social insurance, in our understanding, is opened on the basis of the allocated theoretic-methodological approaches proceeding from which the following definition of the essence of social insurance is offered. The essence of social insurance represents a set of the organizational and legal and economic relations on protection the property and non-property interests (social interests) of the citizens for the purpose of preservation, restoration or improvement of their material level, quality of life and the social status, established de the low or by the social insurance treaty in case of unfavorable events. All these is possible of at the expense of monetary funds of insures created by them from insurance fees (awards) paid by the insurers and other sources of means.
Babich A.M., Egorov E.V., Giltsov E.N. Social insurance in Russia and abroad. M, 1998, 68 p.
Vigdorchik N. A. Theory and practice of social insurance (Theoretical bases of social insurance). M, 1925, 128 p.
Gusov K.M. Right of social security. - M: Prospectus. 2001, 350 p.
Machulsky E.E. Right of social security in the conditions of market economy: theory and practice of legal regulation. M: 2000, 210 p.
Ojegov S.I. Russian dictionary. - M: Russian. 1987, 944 p.
Pavluchenko V. G. Social insurance. M: «Dashkov and K». 2007, 412 p.
Roik V.D. Bases of social insurance. - M: «ANKIL». 2005, 256 p.
Slivka A.V., Lomakin T.P., Shor I.M. Theory of insurance and theory of social insurance: some common ground//Insurance business. 2007. №. 11.
Основные термины (генерируются автоматически): ANKIL.
НДС (за рубежом — налог с продаж) имеет древнюю историю, рисунки его сбора, датированные примерно 2000 годом до н. э., можно найти на стенах древних египетских гробниц.
Статья посвящена вопросам бизнес-процессам, что представляет собой моделирование бизнес-процессов. Как применяется на практике технология моделирования бизнес-процессов.
Банки истраховые компании: основы взаимодействия. Муликаева Анастасия Маратовна, магистрант. Тюменский государственный университет.


Is your Carlsbad, NM home ready to face the competitive nature that exists in today's ever-changing real estate market? As a Carlsbad, NM home seller, you require every successful marketing tool available to sell your home faster and for top dollar. When you request the Carlsbad, NM Home Selling Guide, you benefit from receiving a comprehensive resource to help you understand the quickest and most profitable way to sell your home!


text:
package io.fabric8.camelk.v1alpha1;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAnyGetter;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAnySetter;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonPropertyOrder;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.Container;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ContainerPort;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.EnvVar;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.IntOrString;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.KubernetesResource;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.LabelSelector;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.LocalObjectReference;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ObjectMeta;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.PersistentVolumeClaim;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.PodTemplateSpec;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ResourceRequirements;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.Volume;
import io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.VolumeMount;
import io.sundr.builder.annotations.Buildable;
import io.sundr.builder.annotations.BuildableReference;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

@JsonDeserialize(using = com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonDeserializer.None.class)
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
@JsonPropertyOrder({
    "apiVersion",
    "kind",
    "metadata",
    "properties",
    "ref",
    "types",
    "uri"
})
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode
@Setter
@Accessors(prefix = {
    "_",
    ""
})
@Buildable(editableEnabled = false, validationEnabled = false, generateBuilderPackage = false, lazyCollectionInitEnabled = false, builderPackage = "io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.builder", refs = {
    @BuildableReference(ObjectMeta.class),
    @BuildableReference(LabelSelector.class),
    @BuildableReference(Container.class),
    @BuildableReference(PodTemplateSpec.class),
    @BuildableReference(ResourceRequirements.class),
    @BuildableReference(IntOrString.class),
    @BuildableReference(io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ObjectReference.class),
    @BuildableReference(LocalObjectReference.class),
    @BuildableReference(PersistentVolumeClaim.class),
    @BuildableReference(EnvVar.class),
    @BuildableReference(ContainerPort.class),
    @BuildableReference(Volume.class),
    @BuildableReference(VolumeMount.class)
})
public class Endpoint implements KubernetesResource
{

    @JsonProperty("properties")
    @JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY)
    private Map<String, Object> properties = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
    @JsonProperty("ref")
    private io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ObjectReference ref;
    @JsonProperty("types")
    @JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY)
    private Map<String, EventTypeSpec> types = new LinkedHashMap<String, EventTypeSpec>();
    @JsonProperty("uri")
    private String uri;
    @JsonIgnore
    private Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object> additionalProperties = new HashMap<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>();

    /**
     * No args constructor for use in serialization
     *
     */
    public Endpoint() {
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param ref
     * @param types
     * @param uri
     * @param properties
     */
    public Endpoint(Map<String, Object> properties, io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ObjectReference ref, Map<String, EventTypeSpec> types, String uri) {
        super();
        this.properties = properties;
        this.ref = ref;
        this.types = types;
        this.uri = uri;
    }

    @JsonProperty("properties")
    public Map<String, Object> getProperties() {
        return properties;
    }

    @JsonProperty("properties")
    public void setProperties(Map<String, Object> properties) {
        this.properties = properties;
    }

    @JsonProperty("ref")
    public io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ObjectReference getRef() {
        return ref;
    }

    @JsonProperty("ref")
    public void setRef(io.fabric8.kubernetes.api.model.ObjectReference ref) {
        this.ref = ref;
    }

    @JsonProperty("types")
    public Map<String, EventTypeSpec> getTypes() {
        return types;
    }

    @JsonProperty("types")
    public void setTypes(Map<String, EventTypeSpec> types) {
        this.types = types;
    }

    @JsonProperty("uri")
    public String getUri() {
        return uri;
    }

    @JsonProperty("uri")
    public void setUri(String uri) {
        this.uri = uri;
    }

    @JsonAnyGetter
    public Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object> getAdditionalProperties() {
        return this.additionalProperties;
    }

    @JsonAnySetter
    public void setAdditionalProperty(java.lang.String name, java.lang.Object value) {
        this.additionalProperties.put(name, value);
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


GREENVILLE—The annual Asian and Pacific Island Catholic Marian Pilgrimage was held May 7 at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, D.C.
The event brought together many Asian and Pacific communities to celebrate their heritage and Marian devotions.
Michael Tran, assistant director for the diocesan Office of Ethnic Ministries, attended the celebration led by Archbishop Bernardito C. Auza, permanent observer of the Holy See to the United Nations.
Some of the communities represented in the pilgrimage included Bangladeshi, Burmese, Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Lebanese, Montagnard, Pakistani, Samoan, Sri Lankan, Thai and Vietnamese.
The day's events started with the sacrament of reconciliation, followed by a procession and call to prayer, multilingual rosary and Mass. The procession featured a variety of Marian images venerated throughout Asia and the Pacific.
Tran, who came to the United States as a Vietnam refugee 21 years ago, said the pilgrimage illustrates the diversity of the groups.
"Asian and Pacific Island Catholics have always had the highest respect and reverence for Mary," he said, adding that the event also helps build camaraderie.
Tran said Archbishop Auza praised the youth in attendance, and urged them to continue celebrating Mary in their lives.
"The young people may not speak in their native language that much anymore, but they are an important part of this celebration," from reading the rosary to singing in their native voices. "They sang so beautifully together; like coming from an angel," he said.
Tran said the Office of Ethnic Ministries hopes more people from the diocese can attend the celebration next year.
The Asian and Pacific Catholic Network sponsored this year's event, in collaboration with the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Secretariat of Cultural Diversity in the Church.


Today I saw a man and a lady wearing suit jackets, smart shoes, white shirts and....jeans. When did power dressing and casualwear combine so luridly to create such an inappropriate amalgamation? I don't know what I thought of the outfits, actually, the only thought that popped into my mind was how schizophrenic the style looked. And once I'd started seeing odd combo's, well, it was like when you get a new car and suddenly every other car you see is the one you've got, or when you're coveting a particular style of handbag and every girl you see is toting it. Next up was a lady looking incredibly chic in a black mac and skinny trouser combo, hideously finished off with trainers. And not, you know, indieish trainers like Vans or those Supergas that have suddenly become the touchstone of trainer chic, nope, these were big old, white 'n' mesh Reebok gym trainers with a pink sole. Why!
On the flip side, I then saw a lady in a sweatsuit carrying what look suspiciously like an Alexander Wang. Seriously, sister, if you're toting a piece of arm candy like that, outfit attention must be paid. And unless sweats are being worn ironically, with a heel and a dose of insouciance, they just aint going to cut it. And if you're gonna get your Wang out (ha!) you wanna be doing it with style, no?
I'm a fine one to talk. My vintage dress and River Island jacket have today been partnered with...chipped nail varnish, a beauty crime which is truly unforgivable but for whatever reason, I've let it happen. Call it; lack of time because I have had to leave earlier than usual for work due to the need to start catching buses, something I've never had to do before but something that does allow for a decent amount of people watching, and outfit sharking.
Anyway, back to the clothes. I found this lovely dress in a charity shop back home for £2. The knife pleated skirt has a touch of the Whistles Carrie about it, but without the ubermassive price tag (touched one in John Lewis yesterday, dropped it when I saw the £110 cost). How much!
The thing that attracted me to this beautiful frock was the print. It's got 'speech mark' like prints all over it, which I thought was quite quirky, and good for me 'cos I like to natter. Plus the colour is right up my street, and the sleeves and scarf neck detail are just dreamy. It's a little big so I belted it in, I think it looks ok! I made it a little bit rough'n'ready with my Clarks Westhay Snug boots which, I maintain, are the comfiest boots I own; they go with everything and are a dead ringer for the Acne Pistol's I so coveted but could never afford.
Indoors outfit shots today! The weather has taken a turn for the worse and today it has mainly chucked it down. I was hoping to trudge up to the next town along and pick up some kitchsy ornaments I'd seen in one of the chazzers a couple of weeks ago, but no such luck-I'm not walking all that way in the rain!
Looking at these pictures I think this dress could do with an iron! It literally sparked as I took it off, such was the static 'leccy going on! Gotta love a bit of ancient vintage polyester! Well, I do, despite the threat of shocks!
Amie, you wear the 1980's so well (far better than most of us did back in the day). That dress looks quirky, glamorous and unique and it's accessorised beautifully, too.
PS Jon & I aren't married, sinful devils that we are!
I love this dress and blazer together. I love the pleated style vintage dresses. Fab pieces!


The Sisters of the Fey is a blogging collaboration between authors D. G. Kaye, Wendy Anne Darling, Marjorie Mallon, Belinda Miller, Annette Rochelle Aben, Colleen Chesebro, Adele Marie Park, and Tina Frisco.
Our intentions are pure with the desire to share all things magical which are filled with only goodness and light. Our magic is inspired by a secret order of fairies that existed hundreds of years ago which has been reborn in our spirits.
Come, join us on our journey of discovery.
Debby, Wendy, Marjorie, Belinda, Annette, Colleen, Adele, and Tina.
Looking forward to seeing what you amazing people come up with.
Yes, I Do remember how we started blogging 101 together with Terry S. We have sure gone out separate ways with our blog. I do check out what you are sending unless I don't have time.
I am waiting for your book as I enjoyed the last. I will use some of my book money to buy and will reblog your information when comes out. Hugs.
I feel that some of my followers might enjoy this blog.
You have been a busy Fey Sister, for sure! Namaste, dear one.
Congrats on your new group. It looks like it will be fun. All the very best.
Thanks, Vashti. This will be great fun. Our journey continues. ❤ Hugs!
Love the sisters of Fey…what fun!!?
Our Fairy Whisperer is a busy little bee!
Hugs in return, pretty fairy!
Hello, hello dear Sister. Thank you for mentioning all of us on your always magikal blog! Namaste and much love!


text:
Travel Like a Fashionista: Top 5 Tokyo Hot Spots
Miranda Sam | 12/06/2016
Miranda Sam
Shop for staple pieces on all 12 floors of Tokyo's largest Uniqlo, Ginza
No matter what, anyone who has the slightest interest in looking good must make a stop at the Uniqlo flagship in Tokyo. Shop all 12 floors in all its glory.
You may feel like giving up halfway after the women's collections, but have the stamina to make it to the top! There's usually something very special. Case in point: currently the 12th floor features former creative director of Hermès women's wear Chirstophe Lemaire's first in-house collection of Uniqlo U, an elevated and innovative take on basics. Who says fast fashion can't be unique?
Like most retailers in Japan, if you spend over a certain amount, your purchase is tax-free. It's approximately $50 at Uniqlo, so it's like you're not being financially responsible if you don't spend more! Also stop by Uniqlo's sister store GU (pronounced gee-yu, Japanese for "freedom") offering trendier seasonal pieces. Notable purchase: gaucho pants synonymous with GU's name.
Window shop at luxury fashion houses, Omotesando
The word "Omotesando" means the main road leading up to a shrine. In Tokyo, Omotesando is the avenue lined with zelkova trees and luxury boutiques that leads to Tokyo's famous Meiji shrine. Essentially, Omotesando is the Champs-Élysées of Japan.
Here you'll find every possible luxury house to window shop from: Chanel and Dior are closer to the shrine, while further down you'll find Louis Vuitton, Saint Laurent, Burberry, Balenciaga and more. But you'll want to keep your yen in your wallets because imported luxury goods tend to cost more in Japan.
Though this street is drenched in luxury, other shops are sprinkled in the mix. One notable store is Kiddy Land, regarded as Tokyo's best toy store that can make or break a cartoon character's popularity. There's a Snoopy floor in the basement, and departments for Pokémon, Sanrio and other Japanese characters. It's a great place to buy super kawaii souvenirs for the kiddies on your list.
Get a dose of fashion history, Shinjuku
Want to get a real lesson in fashion history? Look no further than Bunka Fashion College's Costume Museum. Famous alumni from the school include Paris Fashion Week veterans Kenzo Takada, Junya Watanabe and Yohji Yamamoto.
The current exhibit is on the Western influence on Japanese fashion. One of our favourite looks was a kimono top paired with a high-waisted box pleat skirt from the early 1900s. Although exhibits are presented in Japanese only, the unique collections are very worth the visit.
While in Shinjuku, stop by for some sweet treats near Shinjuku station, officially the busiest train station in the world. There's the deliciously rich BAKE Cheese tart at the Lumine Est shopping centre, or if you're dressed to impress, try Asian pastry chef Joyce Wong's award-winning high-end dessert bar.
Revel in retail architecture, Aoyama
Herzog and de Meuron, the architects designing the new Vancouver Art Gallery, also lent its talents to the Prada store in Aoyama, Tokyo.
This world-renowned building attracts many non-fashionphiles as well. The tall crystal-like building is a work of art: the exterior is a series of connecting convex, concave and flat rhomboid-shaped windows. There's also an alternate cave-like entrance that accesses the basement floor for menswear.
Nearby, visit Rei Kawakubo's Comme des Garçons flagship, known for its sloping glass façade. If you're interested in buying their popular heart-logoed tees from CDG's Play line, make sure to arrive early.
Lastly, check out Issey Miyake, not for building architecture but for architecture in his avant garde clothing—he's known as the king of pleats for good reason.
Aurora Chan
People-watch for outrageous costumes, Harajuku
Harajuku, the land of Gwen Stefani's Harajuku Girls reverie, is known around the world as the centre for fashion-forward Japanese youth. Visit on a Sunday to admire girls decked out in elaborate costumes: from gothic Lolitas and French maids to Decora ravers (pictured) to Mori girls (forest-wood nymphs).
If you want to join in the fun, look no further for all things kawaii (Japanese for "cute") than the 6% Doki Doki store, which has been a supplier of cuteness for over 20 years.
After checking out the doll-like getups, be sure to pop into the backstreets of Harajuku, known as Ura Hara, to find some lower key indie boutiques.
Fashion instagrammer's tip: Visit Reissue Café where you'll find some of the world's best 3D latte art—hello, (foam) kitty!
Flickr/Moyan Brenn
Tokyo is a dream city for lovers of all things aesthetic
Tokyo is one of Asia's top fashion destinations, known for its boundary-pushing style. The city itself is inspiring and buzzing with activity, with so much going on at any given time. So when it comes to fashion, there are a million things you could be checking out or shopping for, but don't be overwhelmed.
Here are my top 5 things to see and do in each of Tokyo's most fashionable districts (plus a few bonuses)...
Miranda Sam, Contributor
Marketer by day, writer by night, what Miranda loves best is working with the written word. Her writing has appeared in The Georgia Straight, Huffington Post, and Vitamin Daily. She also runs Style by Fire—a Vancouver fashion events and retail news blog. When not working, you'll find Miranda practicing handstands, obsessing about retail design, and figuring out what to do next with her hair.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Hi, I am a expat blogger and travel vlogger and I am new to dealspotr and thought I would introduce myself. I am still not sure how it all works but as I read more about it, I am interested in what it has to offer.
Paula Barreca Barnes Hi Paula! Welcome to Dealspotr. Please let me know if you have any questions.
Hello Victoria! Greetings I have two weeks, in dealspotr and I like the page, but I noticed that my reputation as an agreement editor fell below -16%, could you guide me, what am I doing wrong?
Paula Barreca Barnes Welcome Paula!


text:
Our Local Wildlife
Note: The mounted specimens at the Big Pines Visitor Center were not hunted.
Raccoon pelts are salt and pepper colored. Raccoons are playful, curious, and excellent swimmers. They feed mostly along streams, lakes, and ponds, but will wander from water. Their dens are in hollow trees, logs, rock crevices, or ground burrows. In cold weather, raccoons may sleep for several days, but do not hibernate. Chiefly nocturnal, raccoons are especially active during the autumn. They are solitary creatures except when breeding and caring for their young. Their diet varies from fruits, nuts, and grains, to insects, frogs, fish, and birds' eggs. Washing their food enhances a raccoon's sense of touch in its toes, helping it to discern non-edible matter. They mate between February and March, bearing two to seven young in April or May. In fall, young raccoons may wander up to 160 miles, but mostly less than 30 miles. The raccoon's chief enemies are dogs, hunters, and cars.
The brown bear's body is black or cinnamon. It has a keen sense of smell and climbs trees easily. Running up to 30mph in short bursts, black bears can range 15 miles. They live in dens under downed trees, hollow logs or trees, or in other shelter. Solitary, except when breeding and in garbage dumps, these bears are mainly vegetarian, but also eat fish, small mammals, eggs, carrion, honeycomb, bees, and garbage. In our area, bears do not hibernate during winter. They mate June to July every other year. Two to three cubs will be born in their winter den beginning a lifespan of up to 30 years. "Bear Trees" have tooth marks as high as a bear stands, with claw marks above to mark territory. Bears are dangerous when surprised, hungry, feeding, injured, or with cubs. The use of bear claws and pancreas as mythical aphrodisiacs is causing decline of bears outside parks.
The mountain lion's coat is a yellowish, grayish, red-tawny color. Their habitat is generally wilderness, but may they may hunt in rural hills, also. The male may travel up to 25 miles in one night, is strongly territorial, and mostly nocturnal. The mountain lion eats large mammals; one deer per week forms half its diet – culling from the older and weaker deer, keeping the herd healthy. Adults breed every two to three years, producing up to six cubs per litter which are then raised by the female over one to two years. The mountain lion's only enemy is man.
Bighorn Sheep
The bighorn sheep's color ranges from gray-brown to ash-gray; the belly and rump are white. In rams, the large and beautiful horns are thick and coiled, while in ewes, the horns are smaller and not coiled. While separated in the summer, rams and ewes come together in the fall where rams of equal size challenge each other for the ewes. Charging at up to 20 mph, the rams butt heads loudly; their impact cushioned by double-thick skulls with struts of bone. The sheep eat sedge, grass, sagebrush and alpine plants. A single lamb is born between May and June and remains with their herd. With a lifespan of 14 years, the bighorn sheep is threatened by weather, disease, and a loss of habitat due to intrusion.
Color and size are variable. Mountain coyotes are larger and have longer fur than the desert coyote. Coyotes are vocal at night – sounding a series of yaps, a long howl, and then short yaps. They hold their tail between their legs while running and can reach speeds of 40 mph. Their population range continues to increase despite hunting. Coyotes make their dens along river banks, and well-drained sides of canyons and gulches – often enlarging badger or squirrel burrows. They are chiefly nocturnal, but can be active at any time. Coyotes usually hunt in pairs; they are omnivorous, but focus on small rodents. They mate between January and February, bearing up to seven pups in a litter (born between April and May), that are then raised by both parents. In the past, livestock losses blamed on coyotes have often been the work of wild dogs. More recently, coyotes have earned the protection of some ranchers since they kill many grass-eating rodents.
(Currently we are in need of a coyote specimen.)
Color ranges from gray-brown to reddish. Ear tufts are used like antennae to aid hearing. The bobcat gets its name from its "bobbed" tail. It is a solitary, mostly nocturnal animal. An excellent climber, they often rest on branches or atop large rocks to watch for passing prey. They eat smaller mammals like rabbits, mice, and squirrels. Litters consist of one to seven kits born between April and May in a den of dry leaves in hollow logs or the shelter of rock ledges and fallen trees. Their lifespan is 25 years. The bobcat is often killed by poison bait intended for coyotes.
(Currently we are in need of a specimen.)


text:
Silvia Marchetti There's a War in Italy's "Sweet Tooth Kingdom"
Paul Feinstein This L.A.-Based Chef Wants to Bring Italy to Your Kitchen
Charukesi Ramadurai Vienna Has Its Coffee Houses, Paris Its Cafes, and Malaysia Has These
South Africa Travel Guide
South Africa's Fast-Food Favorite, Bunny Chow, Has a Complicated History
Zeb Larson | December 21, 2020
Home > Destinations > Africa and Middle East > South Africa > Bites
PHOTO: Photo 193451044 © Michael Turner - Dreamstime.com
Bunny chow looks like a sandwich that's been beaten up after a night of heavy drinking and then forced back on its feet.
A curry is stuffed into a hollowed-out loaf of white bread, allowing the walls of the bread to soak up the juice. Frequently, the center is lamb or chicken, but bean curry is out there for vegetarians, too. Today, it's common for chips, fish, trotters, or mutton to be included. It's delicious and, as utensils are not encouraged, a bit of a glorious mess to eat.
The dish is the product of a truly unusual history. Few places manage to be a global crossroads in quite the way that South Africa does. Today, South Africa proudly leans into its identity as a "rainbow nation," but the country's diversity came about because of violent domination and imperialism. That rainbow nation status is an attempt to move past wars of conquest, forced migration, racism, and apartheid, the system of racial segregation that dominated the country from 1948 to 1994. South Africa's culture, including its food, developed from one set of forces driving people together and another set of forces trying to keep them apart.
Nowhere can that be seen more clearly than with bunny chow, a dish created by migrant Indian workers who came to South Africa. Though it's part of the Indian diaspora, it would be unfamiliar to Indians in most other places, but it's a beloved dish in a country where people of Indian descent make up about 2.5% of the population.
How Did This Come About?
In the nineteenth century, the British Empire was at the height of its power, and at the center of its power was India. India was Britain's largest colony and its greatest source of wealth. Part of that wealth was cheap labor; with the end of the slave trade, British merchants and settler-colonists needed large numbers of workers. European agents traversed rural India and recruited people to work overseas on sugar plantations, in factories, and building railroads. These contracts were long, dangerous, and exploitative: workers received a pittance and often had no way to make it back home. The result of this was a diaspora of Indian people across the globe.
Photo 193450873 © Michael Turner – Dreamstime.com
While all of this was happening, various parts of South Africa were brought under British domination. Beginning in the 1860s, Indian indentured laborers were sent to South Africa to work on sugar plantations in the province of Natal. While many laborers left as soon as they were able to, some remained in South Africa. They found work as clerks, railroad laborers, and shopkeepers. They also encountered considerable racism, especially when they competed economically with white South Africans. Well before apartheid began, provinces like Natal and the Transvaal passed laws preventing Indians from voting, working in the mining industry, or even sharing the sidewalk with whites. Mohandas Gandhi, then a young lawyer, arrived in South Africa in 1893 and stayed for several years to organize resistance to racist laws.
How Did We Get to Bunny Chow From This?
It's a food with a murky history, in part because of all the discrimination that Indians faced. The most popular theory about where the food came from goes back to the migrant laborers in Natal. They were looking for an easy way to carry their curries to work, and putting them inside bread was one way to do it.
They didn't have access to roti, but cheap white bread wasn't too difficult to find. How it got the name "bunny chow" is a bit more of a mystery. One theory is that members of the Banias caste were selling them in Natal, and the name was bastardized from Bania to bunny, and then stuck.
What helped to popularize the food, in a cruel twist of fate, was apartheid. There's a theory that apartheid practically created the food: Black South Africans who were prohibited from eating in restaurants needed something that they could easily take away, and bunny chow fit the bill. This is also likely how meat came to be a standard bunny chow filling. It soon spread outward from Durban through all of South Africa, becoming an accessible fast food. Similar bread loaf feasts, such as the spatlo, became popular in Johannesburg, with the influence of bunny chow behind them.
What Should You Expect When Eating Bunny Chow?
The curry leans on certain ingredients that are common in South African cuisine, such as cardamom and turmeric, and it tends not to be too spicy. Vegetarian bunny chows are common, but mutton is especially popular. Specialty shops like Capsicum in Durban offer up more specialized bunnies with prawns or trotters, but it's good to start with the basics. A grated carrot and onion salad known as sambal is a common side with this dish, along with achaar, a kind of Indian pickle.
You can find bunny chow all over South Africa, but it's a Durban institution, and the best bunny chow shops are all there. It's sold in quarters ("kotas" to locals) or halves, and a quarter is enough lunch for all but the hungriest of people. Many of the original places have closed down: the end of apartheid opened up opportunities for people, and many once denied a chance at education have moved on. The Victory Lounge, one of the most popular restaurants selling bunny chow, closed back in 2017. Other restaurants have moved out to the suburbs and away from downtown. Still, some of the old shops remain in place, like Patel's Vegetarian Refreshment Room. Opened in 1912, it has only vegetarian bunnies and is a way to step back and see how these were originally served.
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What's the difference between Calibration and Adjustment?
Home // What's the difference between Calibration and Adjustment?
We get this question a lot, and it is a commonly misunderstood or misinterpreted topic. Here are a few Frequently Asked Questions that will help to clarify the matter. Thanks to Master Calibrators for the assistance in drafting this article.
The most basic reason for calibrating an electrical instrument is to ensure that it is reading accurately. This is done by comparing the Instrument Under Test (IUT), to a Calibrator of known output and high accuracy which is known as a 'Standard'. The second device is known as the Instrument Under Test (IUT), which is the clients electrical meter/s. When performing an electrical calibration, one makes a comparison between a Standard (Calibrator) and the Instrument Under Test (IUT) and records the results. These results are provided to the owner of the IUT, generally with Pass/Fail advice for each function of the electrical meter. The Pass/Fail is given according to weather results are within the electrical instruments (or electrical meters) manufacturers advised calibration tolerances or not.
What exactly is checked during a calibration, and what functions should be calibrated?
Electrical Calibrations include calibrations such as; multimeter calibrations, scope meter calibrations, clamp meter calibrations, insulation resistance meter (Megger) calibrations, PAT Tester calibrations, RCD Tester calibrations, Power Logger calibrations and anything else reading electrical data. Information and functions calibrated on these meters include such things as; Current, Voltage, Resistance, Frequency, Scope / Bandwidth, Temperature, Loop Impedance, Continuity to name just a few. The entirety of a meter's functions should be calibrated, this means a variety of tests at a variety of values, for each different function available on the meter.
Is checking and calibrating the same thing?
Calibration is not the equivalent of using a check box or calibration box supplied by some electrical meter manufacturers. These are simply function check boxes, the purpose of which is purely to ensure the meter is functioning at all. They do not confirm that the electrical meter is reading accurately or within tolerance. They are also not accurate enough to act as a Standard as defined above in 'What is Calibration'.
Does calibrating mean adjusting readings?
Calibration is sometimes incorrectly regarded as the process of adjusting the IUT so the measurement will agree with the measurement of the standard, within a specified accuracy. Calibration does not mean adjust, it just means, as described above – to compare, and to make sure an IUT is within manufacturers' spec. Adjusting electrical instruments would be more accurately referred to as metrology or even repair if it involves the replacement of components.


Getting started with Avon is easy!
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Input your new Avon Account Number and explore and familiarize yourself with your new home.
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Let everyone know you have a new business by sending a Grand Opening email!
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Join our Makeup Marketing Online Facebook group for networking with other reps about marketing topics!
Follow Makeup Marketing Online on Facebook for tips on growing your Avon biz.


A team is formed when individuals with a common goal come together on a common platform. The team members must complement each other and avoid silly conflicts among themselves.
Communication plays a very important role in team building and extracting the best out of the team members.
A team member must clearly understand what his fellow team members are up to. He should be very clear about his roles and responsibilities in the team. It is the duty of the team leader to delegate responsibilities as per the interest and specializations of the team members without imposing things on them.Never confuse any employee.
Verbal communication sometimes may create misunderstandings and confusions, thus it is always better to rely on written communication for better clarity and transparency. Communication is effective when the information is passed on through emails. Emails are more reliable. Do not send the mails to individuals separately as they might assume that you want to hide something from them. This way they tend to interfere in each other's work, trying to find out what extra is written in their fellow member's mail. The mails should be sent with all the participants in loop. Also invite suggestions from them. It is not always that you are correct; your team members might come out with a brilliant idea as well. Ask them to participate in discussions, this way they feel motivated and indispensable for their team and as well as the organization.
Conference room, board room or a suitable place must be used for meetings and discussions. It is always better that the issues are discussed on an open forum and the participants are allowed to speak freely. Avoid a noisy place. The agenda of the meeting should be prepared well in advance and must be circulated among the team members. Ask them to come prepared so that they do not sit blank in the meeting. The speaker should take the help of white board, marker or a pen and paper so that he doesn't miss any point. One should not attend any meeting empty handed. Carry something to note down the important points for future reference. Confusions and misunderstandings are nullified this way and people start trusting each other.
The goal and the objective of the team should not be set only by the team leader itself. Every employee should contribute equally and give his valuable inputs. The team members must not fight among themselves and try to reach to a conclusion best suited to all. The goal must be very well communicated to all the team members and they must be very clear from the beginning what they are supposed to do to avoid problems later. The goal can never be achieved unless and until all of them work hard together and contribute their level best.


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Health Care in War Zones and Countries Affected by Conflict
By Global Research
Global Research, January 23, 2010
The UN Refugee Agency 22 January 2010
https://www.globalresearch.ca/health-care-in-war-zones-and-countries-affected-by-conflict/17159
GENEVA, (UNHCR) – An article in The Lancet medical journal, co-authored by a UNHCR expert, says health care for people in conflict settings needs to be updated. It calls for changes in four key areas: delivery of health services; treatment of chronic diseases; development of health services in urban areas; and surveillance, measurement and monitoring.
The report authors, led by Paul Spiegel, chief of UNHCR's Public Health and HIV Section, argue that governments, UN agencies and international organizations have been slow to adapt to changes in the operating environments in which they help the conflict-affected, including refugees and internally displaced people.
While acknowledging that substantial progress has been made in responding to the health-care needs of conflict-affected populations in recent decades, they note that the provision of such care has been compromised by shrinkage of the humanitarian space – the areas in which civilians can seek shelter and aid workers provide assistance in safety.
The article in the authoritative British journal says health care in conflict settings is still based on a model developed during the 1970s and 1980s, the last decades of the Cold War, when direct armed clashes between rival states were more common and "conflict was usually synonymous with overcrowded refugee camps sheltering young populations from developing countries."
But the "old paradigms for developing countries with large, camp-based refugee populations with infectious diseases and malnutrition do not address the complexity of present and future conflicts," the report notes.
Today, "most contemporary wars are of protracted duration, intrastate, fought by irregular armed groups and fuelled by economic opportunities and ethnic rivalry. Direct armed clashes are often infrequent, but violence against civilians, including rape, is pervasive. This violence takes place against a backdrop of increasing urbanization and ageing populations," says the article.
Moreover, intrastate conflicts have swelled the number of internally displaced people, as refugee populations have gradually decreased. More than half of the refugees of concern to UNHCR live in urban areas, where providing health care is often complex.
Health system issues are becoming of great importance. They include health financing in protracted crises; barriers to access because of user fees; and the need to integrate services within the formal health system, partly to prevent inequity between beneficiaries and host populations when both have similar needs and vulnerabilities.
Meanwhile, non-infectious chronic diseases are increasingly prominent in conflict settings. This pattern will probably continue as populations age further and incomes increase. And evidence from conflicts and natural disasters shows that much excess morbidity and mortality results from the exacerbation of non-infectious diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer.
These developments, and others, "are profoundly changing the demographics and disease burden of conflict-affected populations," The Lancet article says, while calling for new health-care priorities and recommendations to respond appropriately to future conflicts.
To assist with the orientation of future health strategies, policies and interventions, the report authors propose a matrix of three types of settings (camp-like, urban and rural-dispersed) and two income and life-expectancy categories (low and medium to high). Within this framework they propose changes in the four key areas mentioned above.
Spiegel and his colleagues say new strategies are needed to deliver health services to dispersed, intermittently accessible populations in low-income settings with a continuing high burden of infectious diseases and neonatal disorders; chronic diseases should be addressed more systematically in all conflict settings, irrespective of income and life expectancy; creative approaches to ensure adequate health coverage and access for conflict-affected people living in urban areas should be developed; and crucial challenges in measurement and surveillance need to be addressed. The authors include related key recommendations.
Read the full article in The Lancet.
Copyright © Global Research, Global Research, 2010


I work for a managed hosting firm and we have something similar. I used perl to glue to CMDB and wiki together.
> But now in the Wiki I want to create an automatic list of all customers that have a wiki page.


This entry was posted on Mon, May 24th, 2010 at 6:53 am and is filed under Humanity.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
The current President of Israel has shown remarkable support – sometimes tacit, ofttimes active – for the GLBT community both in Israel and abroad.
In 2006, on the International Day Against Homophobia (IDAHO), the then President of Israel issued a letter to the community, expressing his concern and support.
Yesterday & today (23rd & 24th May) there is a "Queer" conference on, at Tel Aviv University and then at Be'er Sheva University.
The GLBT community is pushing ahead.


only reason many people are against WMV-HD is because its Microsoft.
a: If the bitrate is lower than 4000kbps for 720p DVD5, DVD9 720p is required.
B: NFO MUST state VIDEO and AUDIO BITRATES, VIDEO RESOLUTION, AUDIO LANGUAGE, AND IF SUBS ARE HARDCODED.
NO EXCEPTIONS or PROPER is valid!
2: Source must be HDDVD, Blu-Ray. No re-encoding allowed of x264!
These rules will be updated when there is more progress in the HD DVD and Blu-ray scene.


text:
<?php

/**
 * apc_dec
 * Decrease a stored number
 *
 * @author Liviu Balan <liv_romania@yahoo.com>
 * @link http://php.net/manual/en/function.apc-dec.php
 */
var_dump("Let's do something with success");

apc_store('anumber', 42);

var_dump(apc_fetch('anumber'));

var_dump(apc_dec('anumber'));
var_dump(apc_dec('anumber', 10));
var_dump(apc_dec('anumber', 10, $success));

var_dump($success);

var_dump("Now, let's fail");

apc_store('astring', 'foo');

$ret = apc_dec('astring', 1, $fail);

var_dump($ret);
var_dump($fail);


text:
How automated lending can make your bank more efficient
A number of fintechs provide solutions that automate a portion of the lending process. The goal? To reduce labor-intensive back-office processes. These companies claim that this greater efficiency can help community banks grow revenue and, ultimately, improve customer service on the front end.
By Mary Yerkes
Community banks are looking for ways to stay competitive, and lending automation technology just might help. Not only can it create back-end efficiencies, but experts say it can also free up staff to provide the high-touch service that differentiates community banks from megabanks.
"You can still have a high-touch experience with a digital process," says Steve Hoke, a vice president and general manager of mortgage and commercial lending Finastra, a banking technology and fintech based in London and the U.S. "You don't have to lose the relationship. It's all about the customer experience."
Quick stat
The drop in time it takes Rock Canyon Bank to finalize a loan after using an e-signature solution
Jeremy Gray, vice president and director of credit administration at $450 million-asset Rock Canyon Bank in Provo, Utah, experienced this firsthand. His community bank recently implemented an e-signature solution that enabled customers to sign their loans digitally. One of the bank's customers was out of the country when bank staff mailed the loan documents. But with a digital process in place, the client was able to sign the loan agreement and complete the process on his smartphone.
Solutions such as these not only enhance the customer experience and satisfaction, they can also bring significant cost savings from a materials and resources standpoint. Bank staff aren't spending time printing out paper or fixing errors, like going back to the customer for a missing signature.
Finastra's research supports Gray's experience. The banking technology provider claims its clients experience a 50% improvement in customer service and productivity, an 87% reduction in errors, twice the revenue with the same operations staff and a 20% reduction in costs while growing their business.
"Because of increased efficiencies, we've been able to deploy resources in more high-touch ways, allowing staff to visit customers and see their businesses," Gray says. "Automated lending also allows our staff to be more involved in customer acquisition and the maintenance of our customers. We're able to expand our footprint."
"Automated lending also allows our staff to be more involved in customer acquisition and the maintenance of our customers. We're able to expand our footprint."
—Jeremy Gray, Rock Canyon Bank
Hands off
A concern expressed by many community banks is the amount of time loan officers spend trying to secure documentation manually. Blend, a digital lending platform in San Francisco, recently addressed that challenge by adding new functionality to its automated lending software.
"Bank statements sometimes go stale while waiting for a loan to close, which meant loan officers had to go back to the consumer to request updates statements," explains Grace Qi, a product manager at Blend. "Last quarter, we launched a new functionality: an assets refresh button. Now, a loan officer can click a button on the back end and the lending solution will pull the latest statements."
Blend's lending solution has enabled many of its partners to cut the amount of paper they use by moving from documents to data, from 400 pieces of paper to 100, and helped shave an average of up to 10 days off of the entire mortgage process, according to the company.
Another lending-related challenge for community banks is the pressure to remain compliant, which can be costly. Compliance with mortgage-related regulations accounted for about one-third of all regulatory costs in 2016, according to a report released by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in 2018. Automated loan technology can significantly reduce this burden.
"Regulatory requirements evolve into the technology," says Samir Agarwal, vice president and segment leader for community banking at Wolters Kluwer's Compliance Solutions business in New York City. "Working with the right digital loan solution provider distributes liability, enabling community banks to focus on what they do best—banking and meeting the needs of their customers."
Digital lending solutions let community banks not only remain compliant but also create resiliency within their organization. It can be difficult to stay compliant with larger, more complex loans. If your bank has a piece of technology tracking everything, then it isn't solely reliant on the loan officer. The software keeps the paperwork organized and accessible, so you can remain organized and armed to serve clients quickly, efficiently and with a higher level of service. Resiliency and process keep things moving forward.
When considering technology solutions, keep in mind that while efficiencies are essential, experts say, they should enhance, not detract, from the customer experience. Community banks should evaluate each potential digital experience through the eyes of the borrower, ensuring it meets their evolving needs.
With lending automation technology, community banks can have the best of both worlds: the efficiencies afforded through innovation and an opportunity to offer a tailored experience to customers. Technology, when used according to a bank's values and strategic goals, doesn't detract from the relationship banking model, but it can alleviate some of the back-end work that's separate from the customer experience.
How Rock Canyon Bank reduced loan finalization time by 46%
Jeremy Gray
Rock Canyon Bank in Provo, Utah, set out to expand its presence and streamline its consumer and commercial lending business. To meet its customers' growing lending needs, the bank looked to eliminate time-consuming manual tasks from its loan application process while enhancing the user-friendliness of its loan services.
"We found that our loan applications were often delayed by a few days simply because customers had to sign and return a physical copy of our loan agreements," explains Jeremy Gray, the bank's senior vice president and director of credit administration. "If a customer happened to be busy or was out of the country, they were unable to access their new funds until they could sign these documents in the branch or send them via postal service."
To address that challenge, the community bank implemented an automated e-signature solution that integrated seamlessly with its existing lending technology. According to Finastra, the bank's automated lending partner, the software reduces transaction costs up to 75%. Gray said Rock Canyon Bank experienced added efficiencies as well. The e-signature solution nearly cut in half the time it takes to finalize a loan. The new application is popular with bank staff as well, because it eliminates the frustration of chasing down customers for their signatures.
Mary Yerkes is a writer in North Carolina.


text:
Environment Responsibility
ASSAB, as a leading distributor of special steel and provider of processing services, is committed to the highest environmental standards. We strive to run our operations such that we minimise environmental affliction and provide a safe environment for our employees.
In line with that, our products are manufactured to the highest quality, providing a long service life and made from recycled raw material to keep pollution in close check.
Compliance to international standards is a matter-of-course for us and we monitor that these demands are withheld. By preventive actions and ongoing improvements, we will continue to preserve the quality of our products, as well as the environment we live and work in.
Our primary concern is environmental emissions and management of our production waste, as well as energy consumption. We aim to minimise environmental impact by working with improvement objectives within these areas.
Managers and staff on all levels of the ASSAB organisation are encouraged to integrate social values throughout all business decision-making processes, to achieve positive and sustainable outcomes for all stakeholders in ASSAB.
A key concept in ASSAB's corporate social responsibility is the CSR bottomline towards the 3Ps of Profit (Economic), People (Community) and Planet (Environment).
ASSAB's CSR is mainly expressed in practices related to:
Recycling waste and conservation, in the processing of steel, as well as in the office where energy-efficient appliances are used.
Providing an environment, with work improvements, health and safety awareness.
Offering educational and skills upgrading to employees.
Enhancing fair employment practices in the workplace. ASSAB supports dialogue and consultation with employees as valued stakeholders, to encourage shared value creation, innovation and social partnership in the workplace.
ASSAB takes a proactive approach on non-discriminatory practices related to race, gender, language, religion or non-relevant disabilities. It is also ASSAB's policy not to hire from within families of managerial staff in the same ASSAB company. Nepotism and favouritism are discriminatory practices against ASSAB's policies of meritocracy and equal opportunities for all.
ASSAB takes a positive, generous and long-term view to supporting university programmes, related to the manufacturing industry, organisations doing material research, relief organisations and the community at large where ASSAB operates.
© 2022 ASSAB Steels Singapore (Pte) Ltd. Imprint Data Protection and Privacy Special Processing Services (TnC) LinkedIn My privacy settings
Owner of this site (ASSAB Steels Singapore (Pte) Ltd.)


Have a look at the Holding the Baby website. Visit the exhibition at Plaistow Library, which starts in March 2018.
If you lived in Newham or Tower Hamlets as a child, brought up your children in the area or worked as a childcare professional, then get in touch! Tell us where you roamed as a child and who made your tea, how you chose to bring up your children and why. What kind of childcare did you use, if any, and what do you think about childcare in the East End today? Holding the Baby will record oral history interviews, bring people of different generations together to discuss their experiences of childcare and create an exhibition and a website.
Holding the Baby is run by On the Record Community Interest Company, in partnership with Bishopsgate Institute, and is funded by the Gilda Street Trust.


text:
Psychiatry Information in Brief
eScholarship@UMassChan
Home > Psychiatry > Psychiatry Information in Brief > Vol. 8 > Iss. 3 (2011)
Spirituality in HIV+ Patient Care
Joni L. Utley, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolFollow
Amy B. Wachholtz, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolFollow
Psychiatry Issue Brief
10.7191/pib.1047
For individuals coping with chronic illnesses such as HIV, spirituality and religion are often centrally important as patients face a unique array of existential challenges as a result of the diagnosis and management of the disease. It is critical for healthcare providers to be cognizant of the spiritual component of HIV/AIDS and to be knowledgeable regarding what the current literature base suggests in terms of addressing spirituality with patients. This Psychiatry Issue Brief provides an overview of the role of spirituality for individuals living with HIV, and offers recommendations for service providers.
HIV/AIDS, Spirituality
Utley JL, Wachholtz AB. Spirituality in HIV+ Patient Care. Psychiatry Information in Brief 2011;8(3):1047. https://doi.org/10.7191/pib.1047. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/pib/vol8/iss3/1
Copyright © University of Massachusetts Medical School.
Joni L. Utley and Amy B. Wachholtz
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COVID19, Prostate
COVID-19 and Male Hormones: What's the Connection?
Why has the COVID-19 virus killed many more men than women? What does the virus have to do with male hormones? Well, quite a lot, it turns out, and a lot of what scientists now know about this male hormone (androgen)-virus interaction comes from scientists studying prostate cancer. Scientists whose research happens to have been funded by the Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF).
Suddenly, the genetics of prostate cancer have also become the key to finding new treatments for this terrible coronavirus. I write for the PCF's website, so I've been lucky enough to learn about some of this research from the scientists first-hand.
It all has to do with genes and proteins: That's how the virus sneaks into the nose, throat and lungs, and does its evil work; how it enters the cells in the airway and starts reproducing like crazy, causing the cells to burst open. The explosion of respiratory cells causes terrible inflammation, swelling, and congestion. Worse, oxygen can't get into the bloodstream. This devastation can result in a ventilator in the ICU, or in death.
Think of this nasty virus as a con man who looks normal – like Fred MacMurray as Steve Douglas, the beloved dad in "My Three Sons." He seems benign, and he walks right into your house through your front door. But oh, no! It's actually Fred MacMurray as Walter Neff, the murderous insurance salesman in the iconic film noir, Double Indemnity! By the time you realize he's a bad guy, it's too late! You're in trouble.
COVID-19 does the same thing. It attaches itself to a certain receptor called ACE2, which then tells cells, "This guy's legit. Let him in." ACE2 is the doorknob; that's how the virus enters cells in the nose, airway and lung.
What does this have to do with prostate cancer? The specific gene that makes it possible for the virus to grab onto ACE2 and keep entering and killing respiratory cells is called TMPRSS2. PCF-funded scientists have studied this gene extensively in prostate cancer since 1988. They know, from 32 years of research, what controls the TMPRSS2 gene that unlocks the receptor that lets in the virus: androgens (male hormones). TMPRSS2 is an androgen receptor-controlled gene.
Scientists believe they can stop the virus's attack on the body by targeting TMPRSS2.
"In about half of all prostate cancer patients, TMPRSS2 is involved in a genetic event that can drive prostate cancer," PCF-funded investigator Matthew Rettig, M.D., told me in a recent interview. Rettig is a medical oncologist at UCLA and Chief of Hematology and Oncology at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. "The gene is tightly regulated by male hormones in prostate cancer." Male hormones, primarily testosterone, activate the androgen receptor and cause more TMRPRSS2 to be available on the surface of cells for the virus to enter. "The question is, does TMPRSS2 in lung tissue behave in the same fashion as it does in prostate tissue? We have good, correlative evidence that it does.
One way to do it is to shut down testosterone for a few weeks (being tested in TMPRSS2-targeted clinical trials discussed here, midway down the article). "It turns out that if you suppress male hormones, that will suppress the production of the receptor," Rettig says. Basically, explains medical oncologist and molecular biologist Jonathan Simons, M.D., CEO of the PCF, "if you suppress male hormones, you reduce the total number of door handles the SARS virus can use to enter." Imagine evil, Double Indemnity Fred MacMurray, trying to get into the car where he commits the murder; there were no power door locks, so as he gets to each door, you push the lock down: one, two, three, four! You locked him out!
"Conversely," says Rettig, "if you add male hormones to lung tissue, it will increase the expression of the receptor. There is a lot of molecular/biochemical/scientific evidence that supports this concept: that the receptor for the virus is regulated in at least a similar manner in lung tissue as it is in prostate cancer tissue."
Rettig continues: "It is not a stretch for someone doing prostate cancer research to immediately see this connection and say, 'Why don't we temporarily suppress male hormones," with available, FDA-approved drugs, "in male patients who are suffering from COVID-19, to see if we can immediately ameliorate the severity of the illness?'"
Don't women have at least a small amount of testosterone? "Yes," notes Simons, "but while thousands of women have been infected, men are still more likely to become infected and die from COVID-19." Rettig adds: "A striking study just reported that a huge proportion of women test positive who have no symptoms. We think they actually may be protected by a combination of low androgens and high estrogen. Work done by some of our colleagues at Columbia suggests that female hormones – estrogen and estrodiol – actually suppress the expression of the receptor." Then why not give estrogen to men? "It does seem to suppress the receptor, but when it's first given, in the first few hours," there's a temporary backlash, "a transient rise in the expression of the receptor that could make the disease more severe."
This begs another question, and the answer has changed since I first interviewed Rettig a few weeks ago. I asked him: If shutting down the male hormones can stop the virus from invading the lungs, are men who are on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer protected? He said, "Nobody knows yet." And that was true. But since that time, another PCF-funded study of men with prostate cancer in Italy found that men who were on ADT were four times less likely to be infected with the coronavirus than men who were not on ADT, and five times less likely to die. You can read about that here. And another approach, also being tested in clinical trials, involves a drug used in Japan to treat pancreatitis. It is also a TMPRSS2-blocker.
It is amazing that in a matter of weeks, scientists have learned so much about this virus, including good potential avenues for treating it.
May 13, 2020 /0 Comments/by Janet
https://vitaljake.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/TMPRSS2-for-VJ.jpg 200 300 Janet https://vitaljake.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/vital-jake-logo3-300x146.png Janet2020-05-13 11:30:232020-05-13 11:31:36COVID-19 and Male Hormones: What's the Connection?
Cancer, Prostate, PSMA-PET
Whack-a-Mole and Prostate Cancer
Oligometastasis: Good News from the ORIOLE Study
To the growing and hopeful list of strategies for attacking prostate cancer, let us add this approach: Whack-a-Mole.
That's how Johns Hopkins radiation oncologist Phuoc Tran, M.D., Ph.D., describes it to his patients. The actual scientific name for this highly sophisticated strategy is stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR, highly focused, intense doses of radiation), for men with oligometastasis – up to three small bits of cancer that have broken away from the main prostate tumor and started to grow elsewhere.
Previously, I wrote on Vital Jake and also on the Prostate Cancer Foundation's website, about the Baltimore ORIOLE study, led by Tran, who also contributed greatly to our book. Tran was enrolling patients in a small study to see if men with oligometastasis would benefit from SABR in addition to treatment of their primary tumor.
His strategy was a new one – part of a general rethinking of what represents curable prostate cancer. The boundary used to be very clear: prostate cancer was either confined to the prostate or prostate bed, or it wasn't. Like a light switch with no dimmer, there was no in-between: a man with only one metastasis was believed to face the same fate, eventually, as a man with widespread metastases. It was just a matter of time.
But Tran believed that the lines of prostate cancer were not so clear-cut as scientists had assumed; that instead of two circles – localized and metastatic cancer – that didn't connect, we might be dealing with a Venn diagram, with oligometastasis as the critical area where the two circles overlap. "It may be that the window of curability is wider than we thought," he said last year, and we all hoped that he was right.
Tran and colleagues at Johns Hopkins, Stanford, and Thomas Jefferson University recently published results of the ORIOLE Phase 2 clinical trial in JAMA Oncology. The results are promising: 54 men with oligometastasis were randomly assigned either to treatment with SABR or to observation. To detect and keep track of the oligometastases, the study used PSMA-PET scanning, which uses a small molecule linked to PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen, found on the surface of prostate cancer cells) as a radioactive tracer. This PSMA-targeting tracer can highlight areas of cancer as small as a BB – much smaller than can be seen on regular PET or CT imaging. "PSMA-PET allows us to treat lesions we otherwise couldn't see," Tran explains. "A CT or bone scan would miss those lesions, and patients would presumably not do as well."
At six months, 61 percent of the men in the observation group progressed – compared to only 19 percent of the men who received SABR. "We also saw a significantly decreased risk of new metastatic lesions using PSMA PET-CT" says Tran. "The men in the SABR group did considerably better. This is a definite signal that we can perhaps modify metastatic disease."
This was a Phase 2 study, and "we need larger Phase 3 trials," he says. "But this is very positive, and we hope that in the future, we will be able to change the course of metastatic disease in some men."
Some interesting points here: First, Tran and colleagues hope that "complete metastatic ablation of oligometastatic prostate cancer may provide an alternative to early initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)." The key question, Tran says, is, "can we alter the natural history of metastatic prostate cancer with metastasis-directed therapy (MDT)?" They don't know the answer yet. Most men with oligometastatic disease who get these spots of cancer zapped don't experience a complete drop in PSA. This, Tran says, suggests that "residual micrometastases are present but undetectable." Does SABR simply reset the clock – does it keep pushing the snooze button? Or, as the scientists hope, does it make the cancer less likely to form new metastases?
Bad Pioneers on a Bad Journey: Tran and other scientists theorize that the spread of cancer is a story of colonization. A few pioneers set forth on a journey to a new land. At first, it's touch-and-go; their survival is tenuous. Just think of the early colonists in the U.S., from England, France, or Spain. Until they took root in the new land, these nascent colonies were frail: they needed reinforcements from their mother countries – medicine, weapons, tools, food – and "eventually they did survive." So it may be with the seeds of cancer; either the cancer cells themselves, or their messages (in the form of genetic and chemical telegrams) are dispatched to the primary tumor, the mother country. If the mother country is no more – if it has been eradicated by surgery or radiation – then small cancer outposts might get similar support from visiting each other. But if those outposts are destroyed by SABR, even if there are a few cancer cells remaining in the tissue or bloodstream, it doesn't matter: the environment is too hostile, and the numbers are too few for new colonies to survive – "or, if they did, it would take much longer."
"It's like Whack-a-Mole": In the ORIOLE trial, Tran and colleagues looked for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and identified certain gene signatures that can tell if a man is more likely to respond to SABR. "Patients who don't have these mutations responded very well," he says. They also have learned from this and other research that men with oligometastasis fall into three basic groups. "Some men do really well after one course of SABR," with no recurrence of cancer. A second group of men have a small recurrence. "Another site pops up; a microscopic metastasis that we couldn't see before establishes itself into a macroscopic metastasis. It's a limited return of cancer and it responds to another round of SABR." Then some men, after a few months, have multiple new areas of cancer. "For these men, the SABR doesn't control the disease at all."
Imagine a green lawn, with one or two dandelions, Tran tells his patients: "You can pluck those two or three weeds, and wait and see. Sometimes you get lucky; sometimes another weed or two pops up, and you pluck them. It's like Whack-a-Mole. You can do that for a while," with repeated SABR treatments. As the scientists reported: "If a single round of MDT arrests the progression of some, but not all, lesions, subsequent rounds of MDT might salvage the remaining disease, until what remains is inadequate to support a metastatic phenotype." Basically, for some men, a treatment strategy might be to keep knocking the cancer down until, like a prizefighter who's taken one too many blows to the head, it can't get back up. Imagine: punch-drunk prostate cancer that may still be staggering around, but can't raise a fist. Wouldn't that be nice!
That probably won't work in every man, Tran says. "Unfortunately, sometimes there will be a whole bunch of seeds all at once, and at that point, you need weed killer all over the lawn," or systemic therapy. However, SABR plus ADT, androgen-blocking drugs, or chemo might one day provide "the multipronged attack required to cure this disease."
Looking ahead: In a follow-up trial, called RAVENS, men with oligomestatic prostate cancer are randomly given either SABR alone, or SABR plus radium-223 (Xofigo). "What we have seen in the men in that second group – the ones who have more isolated spots of cancer popping up – is, they're not recurring where they received the SABR, but in areas that were microscopic, and commonly in the bone." Radium-223 targets cancer in bone. "It releases a radioactive particle that is very toxic but is so focused that it only kills in a radius of two-three cell depths. It's ideal for microscopic disease."
More and larger studies are needed, but in the future, Tran envisions, men with oligometastasis will require more vigilant monitoring, and ideally, regular follow-up PSMA-PET scanning. "This has the potential to be practice-changing. We are very excited by our results, and by the potential to modulate the course of metastatic prostate cancer."
May 7, 2020 /0 Comments/by Janet
https://vitaljake.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Whackamole-for-VJ.jpg 200 300 Janet https://vitaljake.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/vital-jake-logo3-300x146.png Janet2020-05-07 14:14:362021-05-28 13:13:15Whack-a-Mole and Prostate Cancer


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New technology enables man to hold his granddaughter again
CLEVELAND, Ohio–In the first known study of how amputees use advanced sensory-enabled prostheses outside the lab, subjects used a mechanical hand more regularly and for longer periods of time compared to traditional prostheses–and also reported a greater sense of psychosocial well-being.
In fact, the study asserts that sensory feedback–achieved by direct interfaces attached to the nerves –fundamentally changed how the study participants used their mechanical attachment, "transforming it from a sporadically used tool into a readily and frequently used 'hand.'"
The study, being published this month in the journal Scientific Reports was led by a pair of researchers from Case Western Reserve University, who collaborated with scientists from Brown University and partners at U.S. Veterans Affairs sites in Cleveland and Providence, Rhode Island.
In video interviews with Case Western Reserve, the two subjects who took part in the study talk about the impact that using the sensory-enable hand made in their home lives, from being able to pick up a grandchild to pick flowers, button a shirt or slice tomatoes.
Two aspects of the research make it significant: That is was conducted at home without restrictions on how the prosthesis was used; and the significant positive impact of sensory feedback–both functional and psychological–that resulted from extended use of the prosthesis, said lead researcher Dustin Tyler, the Kent H. Smith Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Case Western Reserve.
Researchers have for nearly a decade demonstrated that restored sensation can aid in object identification and manipulation tasks, but that those results were produced in laboratory settings, Tyler said.
"When they're in the lab, many subjects (in previous studies) have described their prosthesis as nothing more than a tool attached to the end of their residual arm," said Tyler, associate director of the Advanced Platform Technology Center at the Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center.
"Once home, they'd often end up putting a traditional prosthesis on the shelf. We found the opposite to be true when they had a sense of touch–they didn't want to stop using it."
The subjects in this study used the sensory-enabled prosthesis far longer than the same prosthesis without sensation. One said that giving back the sensory device after the study concluded was "like losing my hand all over again."
In addition to wearing the artificial hand for more time and for more daily tasks when it was sensory enabled, the participants had greater confidence in using the hand to do tasks and to socially interact with loved ones, said Emily Graczyk, a post-doctoral researcher at Case Western Reserve University and lead writer on the new study.
These psychological and emotional impacts of sensation could be critical for improving amputees' quality of life, Graczyk said.
Prosthetic rehabilitation, and virtually all research surrounding it, has so far focused mostly on restoring physical function–not the psychosocial aspects of using a prosthesis, Tyler and Graczyk wrote in their paper.
Tyler said his research team is next looking at implanting devices to route the neural connections through Bluetooth technology to allow the amputee to "feel" the new hand through wireless connections between themselves and the device.
"When you add sensory feedback technology to something like a prosthetic hand, you add the most imporant thing that connects us together as humans–touch," Tyler said. "That's a huge difference."
Case Western Reserve University is one of the country's leading private research institutions. Located in Cleveland, we offer a unique combination of forward-thinking educational opportunities in an inspiring cultural setting. Our leading-edge faculty engage in teaching and research in a collaborative, hands-on environment. Our nationally recognized programs include arts and sciences, dental medicine, engineering, law, management, medicine, nursing and social work. About 5,100 undergraduate and 6,200 graduate students comprise our student body. Visit case.edu to see how Case Western Reserve thinks beyond the possible.
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Animals and fungi enhance the performance of forests
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Montreal Suburb Plans to Euthanize Most Deer in City Park
After much debate, Longueuil, Quebec, city officials determined a herd of overpopulated whitetails must be culled
By Bob McNally | Updated Dec 10, 2021 5:03 PM
A deer culling program is now planned for a suburban Montreal park. Pixabay
A whitetail herd at a park in Longueuil, Quebec, has become so overpopulated that the city has no choice but to eliminate most of the animals.
According to a report by the Canadian Press, Longueuil Mayor Catherine Fournier said she would follow the recommendations of a committee that stressed the need to drastically reduce the number of whitetail deer in Michel-Chartrand park.
"We realize that there is an urgent need to reduce the deer herd in the park in order to avoid significant additional damage to natural environments, already severely weakened by the overpopulation of deer," Fournier said in a statement. "Taking into account all scientific, ethical, and environmental aspects, this is the only possible way forward at this point, as the situation has worsened greatly, particularly in the past year."
A park deer cull was planned in 2020 when the number of animals was estimated at 30. Fifteen deer were scheduled to be removed from the herd. But a strong backlash that included a petition, a protest, and threats against the former mayor submarined the deer removal plan. Another plan to relocate the deer to a sanctuary also failed after a veterinary ethics committee said the proposal would have endangered the lives of deer and their handlers.
The Canadian Press detailed that a "committee of experts, local organizations, and citizens created to propose ways of protecting the park found that it was home to more than 70 deer last spring — more than five times the number of animals [the park] can comfortably support."
Since that population estimate was made last spring, the 70 deer population inside the park is likely larger today after a year of breeding.
Read Next: How a Deer Cull Actually Works
The committee decided ignoring the problem and leaving the deer alone would be dangerous to deer and humans alike, due to the risk of automobile collisions near the park, tick-borne disease spread by deer, and malnutrition among the animals.
Longueuil spokesperson Hans Brouillette said in a statement it is recommended that deer culls be carried out in autumn to avoid orphaning fawns or killing pregnant females.
Canada Hunting and Fishing


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Enceladus, global topography and implications.
Giese, B. and Hussmann, H. and Roatsch, T. and Wagner, R. and Neukum, G. and Helfenstein, P. and Thomas, P.C. and Porco, C.C. (2009) Enceladus, global topography and implications. EGU General Assembly 2009, 19 Apr – 24 Apr 2009, Vienna, Austria.
Official URL: http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2009/oral_programme/890
Cassini-based stereo-derived topography of Saturn's moon Enceladus (diameter 500 km) reveals the nature of large-scale surface depressions. The most pronounced depression detected so far (the topographic model still covers less than half of the body) is located in a region close to the equator (15°S, 210°E). It is elongated with dimensions of 240 km (NW-SE direction) and 150 km (perpendicular to that), respectively, and up to 1.5 km deep. In contrast, the depression centered on Enceladus' active south polar region is approximately circular, has an average depth of 700 m, and extends to 65°S (220 km diameter). While the south polar depression is young the equatorial depression must be old. It comprises both young resurfaced terrain, which has formed regardless of the boundaries of the depression, and older cratered terrain. We favor an endogenic origin of the equatorial depression. It may have formed involving plume related local melting of a 20 km thick water ice layer below a relatively thin (as compared to the dimensions of the depression) lithosphere. Alternatively, it may have formed in response to an intrinsic density anomaly in Enceladus' core or, even likely, to an irregularly shaped core, which has to have a bulge of 0.5-1 km (which is less than 1% of the core radius) in order to compensate the mass deficiency of the depression. The latter hypothesis is in particular attractive because it simply explains why the depression still exists today. In addition, it supports the idea that Enceladus is not fully differentiated. An impact origin of the depression is less likely because an impact basin of this scale is expected to relax over time but this did not happen. Also, there is a lack of relict rim portions, which would relax last of all.
Giese, B. bernd.giese (at) dlr.de UNSPECIFIED
Hussmann, H. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
Roatsch, T. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
Wagner, R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
Neukum, G. Freie Universität Berlin UNSPECIFIED
Helfenstein, P. Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA UNSPECIFIED
Thomas, P.C. Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA UNSPECIFIED
Porco, C.C. Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO, USA UNSPECIFIED
Geophysical Research Abstracts
Enceladus, topography
EGU General Assembly 2009
19 Apr – 24 Apr 2009
European Geosciences Union (EGU)
W - Vorhaben CASSINI (old)
Institute of Planetary Research > Planetary Geodesy
Giese, Dr.rer.nat. Bernd