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The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is also called the Japanese crane or Manchurian crane. It is a large East Asian crane, and is among the rarest cranes in the world. In some parts of its range, it symbolizes of luck, longevity, and fidelity.
Adult cranes are named for a patch of red bare skin on the crown. This becomes brighter during mating season. Overall, they are snow white in color with black on the wing secondaries. This can appear almost like a black tail when the birds are standing. However, the real tail feathers are actually white.
Males are black on the cheeks, throat, and neck, while females are pearly gray in these spots. Meanwhile, the bill is olive green to greenish horn, the legs are slate to grayish black. Finally, the iris is dark brown.
In the spring and summer, the migratory populations of the this crane breed in Siberia, northeastern China and occasionally in northeastern Mongolia. In the last of these, they breed mainly in the Mongol Daguur Strictly Protected Area. However their breeding range centers in Lake Khanka, on the border of China and Russia. Normally, the crane lays two eggs, but only one survives.
Later, in the fall, they migrate in flocks to Korea and east-central China to spend the winter. However, vagrants sometimes get as far away as Taiwan.
In addition to the migratory populations, a resident population lives in eastern Hokkaidō in Japan.
This species nests in wetlands and rivers. In the wintering range, their habitat is comprised mainly by paddy fields, grassy tidal flats, and mudflats. In the flats, the birds feed on aquatic invertebrates and, in cold, snowy conditions, the birds switch to mainly living on rice gleanings from the paddy fields.


text:
Case Studies > Downham Estate > The Role of the London County Council
Before 1914 most dwellings built by the LCC were in London's inner city. Between the wars, however, a policy of 'suburban colonisation' was adopted. Between 1919 and 1929 the LCC constructed eight new, cottage-style estates, most of them of considerable size; and in the late 1930's seven more estates were started.
By far the largest of the estates was that built at Becontree, to the east of London. In 1939 it contained 26,000 dwellings, housing some 120,000 people. The second largest was the St. Helier estate near Croydon, which contained 9,000 dwellings housing 40,000 people. Downhain was the third largest, with 7,000 dwellings housing a population of 29,000.
By 1938 the total stock of LCC dwellings had reached over 86,000, housing over 382,000 people - a population equal at the time to that of Bristol. This was an impressive achievement, particularly when one considers that less than 10,000 LCC dwellings were in existence by the end of the First World War.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
var randomString = require('pandemonium/random-string');

var N = 1000000000;
var S = 5000;

var strings = Array.from(new Array(S), () => randomString(4, 100));

let i, s;

console.time('ninja cast');
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) s = '' + strings[i % S];
console.timeEnd('ninja cast');

console.time('toString');
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) s = strings[i % S].toString();
console.timeEnd('toString');

console.time('condition');
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
  s = strings[i % S];
  s = typeof s === 'string' ? s : '' + s;
}
console.timeEnd('condition');

console.time('constructor');
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
  s = String(strings[i % S]);
}
console.timeEnd('constructor');

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ethiopia's ethnic divides rock capital as reports of killings prompt angry protests
Thousands of protesters from the capital, as well as people displaced by ethnic-based violence over the weekend in Burayu, demonstrate to demand justice from the government in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Sept. 17. (Mulugeta Ayene/AP)
Paul Schemm
Overnight foreign editor based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
September 17, 2018 at 4:31 p.m. UTC
ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia — Thousands of residents of the Ethiopian capital marched through the streets on Monday, protesting deadly attacks over the weekend on the edge of the city that they blamed on the country's Oromo ethnic group.
Authorities said the attacks left at least 23 people dead. In addition, police said five demonstrators were killed during the protests when they attempted to snatch officers' weapons.
The attacks and the protests coincide with an unprecedented political opening in Ethiopia under its new prime minister, Abiy Ahmed. The relaxation of once-authoritarian control has been accompanied by an explosion of ethnic tension across this diverse country.
Although most of the previous violence has taken place in distant regions where up to 2 million people have been displaced, over the weekend it reached the capital, Addis Ababa. Villages on the edge of the city were attacked, many residents were driven from their homes, and reports emerged of killings and rapes.
Alemayehu Ejigu, head of the Oromia Police Commission, told state television Monday that 23 people were killed in the attacks and that 200 suspects were arrested. He described the attackers as organized criminals.
Federal Police Commissioner Zeynu Jemal added that the attackers had been paid to destabilize the country and block current reforms. He said an additional 300 people were arrested in Addis Ababa after the protests.
Witnesses described the attackers as young Oromos from neighboring areas and the victims as members of the small Dorze, Gamo and Wolaita ethnic groups.
With details still scarce about the attacks and unverified photos of mutilated corpses being shared on social media, tempers were running high in Addis Ababa, where many resident feel under siege by the Oromos living in the countryside around the city.
"The Oromo people are killing too many people around Addis, and we have to protest them," one protester said as young men marched through downtown, waving the red, yellow and green nationalist flag of pre-1991 Ethiopia.
Most shops closed and much of city's public transportation ground to a halt as the protests in different parts of the city stretched through the day.
Protesters, many wearing headbands in the colors of the nationalist flag, chanted, "We need justice," and, "The government says peace, but we are being killed," as they stopped traffic and marched through downtown. They traversed the city's Meskel Square, where a massive Oromo political rally was held just two days earlier.
As part of his political opening, Abiy, who hails from the Oromo ethnic group, invited many exiled opposition leaders to return to Ethiopia. On Sept. 9, leaders of the Ginbot 7 opposition returned from the United States amid a massive outpouring of support in the capital.
One of its leaders, Berhanu Nega, won election as mayor of Addis Ababa in 2005 before being driven out of the country, and he and the group remain popular in the city.
On Saturday, it was the turn of the opposition Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) to return from exile in neighboring Eritrea. In this case, however, most of the group's supporters came from the Oromo hinterland, which surrounds the capital, and tens of thousands flocked into the city.
Ethiopia's reforming prime minister runs into a roadblock of ethnic unrest
When these supporters jogged in formation through Addis Ababa before the rally, singing in the Oromo language and waving the OLF flag, residents found it intimidating.
Scuffles broke out between Oromos and Addis Ababa residents when young Oromo men tore down Ethiopian flags from the previous week's rally to put up their own and tried to paint sidewalks in the OLF colors.
Saturday's rally in Meskel Square, however, went off without a hitch and featured horsemen, traditional warrior dress and about 100,000 people to welcome the OLF leaders.
Many of the Oromos at the rally talked about how they never thought that one day their flag and their leaders would be displayed so prominently in the heart of the city. They described themselves as born again after years of being oppressed and marginalized.
"I never thought this day would come," said Arfase Elias, 27, who came from the town of Ambo, about 70 miles west of the capital. "I've seen my brother bleeding and dying in the street, and I saw people sacrifice themselves for this flag."
She added that everyone owed this day to the Qeerroo, the Oromo word for bachelors, which has come to mean the young Oromo men who demonstrated against the previous government and helped bring about the rise of Abiy and the political opening.
Yet after the attacks over the weekend, which some Addis Ababa residents claim were carried out by Qeerroo returning from the rally, the group has come under increasing criticism, accused of being out of control. Many of the crowd's chants during Monday's protests were against the Qeerroo.
At one point Monday, the crowd passed by the massive Oromo cultural center near Meskel Square, and demonstrators stopped and began shaking their fists, raising middle fingers and jeering at the building, while a thin line of Oromo police officers armed with sticks shifted nervously.
Eventually, a phalanx of heavily armored federal riot police came jogging down the road to reinforce them, and the crowd moved on.
Meanwhile, Addis Ababa's tram, the only light rail in sub-Saharan Africa, sailed by on its elevated track. Opened to great fanfare three years ago, it was considered a symbol of Ethiopia's booming economy but now appears to be a witness to the deep cleavages in society.
After years of unrest, Ethiopians are riding an unlikely wave of hope. Will it last?
Grenade attack at massive rally for Ethiopia's new reformist leader kills 1
Today's coverage from Post correspondents around the world
Like Washington Post World on Facebook and stay updated on foreign news


text:
Analyst Comment
IPsoft's Amelia Rated No.1 in Everest Group Report on Intelligent Virtual Agent Market
Amelia, the industry's most-human digital AI colleague, is the only IVA to receive top ratings across all key dimensions in a new assessment of conversational AI vendors
New York, December 18th, 2018 — IPsoft, the global leader in Enterprise AI, today announced that it has received the highest ratings across all seven categories in new research from Everest Group, "Conversing with AI — Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA) Market Report 2019." Everest Group assessed 10 IVA vendors and rated them across multiple dimensions for IVA delivery, and IPsoft's digital colleague, Amelia, was the only solution to be given perfect scores across all of them.
Everest Group highlights Amelia's Natural Language Interface, multi-channel access and availability, training and support, and market success. The report also pointed to Amelia's diverse client base across industries and geographies, as well as a broad range of use cases. "Amelia can cater to customers across different functions, such as technical helpdesk, customer care, finance & accounting and HR," the report states.
The research details emerging trends in the Intelligent Virtual Agent market, notably a shift from rules-based chatbots to AI-powered solutions. Natural language and self-learning capabilities in IVA solutions are vital for enterprises to deliver exceptional customer and employee experiences. A number of organizations are using IVAs to enhance back-office employee productivity. as well as employee- and customer-facing channels. The research shows IVA adoption increasing rapidly in the next four years, with initial investments for IT helpdesk and contact center support expanding into broader business areas such as HR, finance and accounting.
"We were impressed with IPsoft's approach that was not just focused on technology but how organizations might use Amelia in real business scenarios. This has resulted in good features such as understanding utterances and emotions, context switching and conversational memory persistence. IPsoft reference clients appreciated these features too," said Sarah Burnett, Executive Vice President & Distinguished Analyst at Everest Group. "IPsoft demonstrated increasing market success as well with a growing presence in multiple industries and geographies."
"We are honored to be recognized by Everest Group as the only provider to achieve the highest ratings in this research," said Chetan Dube, IPsoft CEO. "Amelia is the market's first truly human cognitive AI agent, and this research only further confirms that she can bring transformative business benefits to enterprises across different industries."
An excerpt from "Conversing with AI — Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA) Market Report 2019" is available here. Download it to read why IPsoft was rated No. 1 in all categories.
Amelia is the market's first digital colleague. Since her introduction in 2014, she has gained hundreds of skills across multiple industries. She is modeled on human intelligence, understanding and empathy.
Read about Amelia and case studies here.
Connect with IPsoft
Follow us on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook and YouTube.
About IPsoft
IPsoft is the world leader in Enterprise AI and the home of Amelia, the industry's most-human digital AI colleague. Amelia's ability to learn, interact and improve over time makes her the market's only AI that can fully understand user needs and intentions. Amelia can be trained to recognize words and phrases in several languages. She delivers real-life business benefits including lower operating costs, higher customer satisfaction and increased employee productivity. IPsoft was the first company to launch an end-to-end digital platform, 1Desk™, to deliver shared enterprise services. By connecting front-office conversations to back-end systems, IPsoft automates business processes that serve employees, customers and citizens, resulting in rapid resolutions, satisfied users and substantial organizational savings.
Headquartered in New York City, IPsoft has offices in 18 countries and serves more than 550 of the world's leading brands, including more than half of the world's largest IT services providers.
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Phone: +1 737 247 3101 (US)
AI, AI Systems, Amelia, Analyst Reports, Artificial Intelligence, Everest Group
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text:
\section{Introduction}\label{intro}
\label{sec:intro}

Time-varying networks are everywhere: neuronal networks in human brain, social networks in Facebook or LinkedIn, systemic risk models in finance, virus spreading models in epidmiology, terrorist network model for national security, and many others. In his recent paper, Crane \cite{Crane:2016vw,Crane:2015ef,Crane:2015we}) studied fundamental properties of exchangeable c\`adl\`ag graph-valued processes such as Levy characterization for Markovian case and variation estimates for graph limits for general case. In particular, Crane (\cite{Crane:2015we}) showed that the graph limit of ${\bf \Gamma}$ necessarily have (finite-dimensional) bounded variation under certain
metric on the space of graph limit. This implies that the graph-limit process of exchangeable c\`adl\`ag dynamic random networks cannot have local martingale term in their Doob-Meyer decomposition, and in turns, it means that we do not need to consider second-order term when we apply {It\ensuremath{\hat{\textrm{o}}}} formula for the graph-limit process.

However, there are three limitations in his result. First of all, the result in \cite{Crane:2015we} depends on the metric one imposes on the space of graph limit. Since there is no natural metric on the space of graph limit, a universal method for the estimation of variation for different metrics would be highly desirable. Second, it only provides the result of variation on graph limit not the graph-process itself. Lastly, as his proof is not constructive, the paper does not provide a specific estimation for the variations.

Our aim in this article is to provide satisfactory answers to above limitations using constructive approach. We use time-localization technique to estimate variations of exchangeable graph-valued processes and their graph-limit process. Our technique enables us to provide estimate for different types of metrics. Moreover, we are able to directly estimate the variation of graph-valued process itself, rather than studying its graph limit. Additionally, the method enables us to improve Theorem 3.3 of \cite{Crane:2015we}: we were able to define appropriate metric on the space of graph limit so that infinite-dimensional total variation is also bounded as well as finite-dimensional total variation.

\section{Preliminaries}
A graph is a set of vertices $V$ with its connecting edges. Throughout the
paper, all graphs are undirected and have no self-loop. We denote the set of
graphs with $n$ vertices as $\mathcal G_{n}$ and let
$V=[n]:=\crl{1,2,...,n}$ be the vertex set. When $V$ is countably many
vertices, then we set $V=\mathbb N:=\crl{1,2,...}$ and denote such infinite
graph as $\mathcal G_{\infty}$. We denote
$\bar\mathcal G:=\cup_{n\in\mathbb N}\mathcal G_{n}$.

 Since we are concerning about undirected graph $G$, it can be
represented by its adjacency matrix $(G^{ij})_{i,j\in V}$ for which
\begin{align*}
G^{ij}=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}1&\text{ if vertices $i$ and $j$ are connected by an edge}\\
  0&\text{ otherwise}\end{array}\right..
\end{align*}
Note that $(G^{ij})_{i,j\in V}$ is symmetric and have zero diagonal entries because we
assumed it
is undirected and has no self-loop.

We define a function $J_{n}:\mathcal G_{n}\times\mathcal G_{n}\to\mathbb N$
\[
J_{n}(F,G)=\frac{{\rm tr}(F-G)(F-G)^{T}}{n(n-1)}=\frac{\sum_{i,j\in[n]}(F^{ij}-G^{ij})^{2}}{n(n-1)},
\]
where we treat $F$ and $G$ as adjacency matrices. The $J_n$ represents for the portion of differences between $F$ and $G$ and it can be seemed as a graph edit distance. Note that $J_n(F,G)$ depends on the labeling of vertices.  For $F, G\in \mathcal G_{\infty}$, we define, if it exists,
\[
J(F,G):=\lim_{n\to\infty}J_{n}(F|_n, G|_n)
\]
where $F|_n$ and $G|_n$ is the restriction of $F$ and $G$ for the first $n$ vertices. Note that $J$ is not a metric on $\mathcal G_\infty$ because $J(F,G)=0$ does not imply $F=G$.

For a permuation
$\sigma:\mathbb N\to\mathbb N$, we denote
\begin{align*}
G^{\sigma}=(G^{\sigma(i)\sigma(j)})_{i,j\in\mathbb N}.
\end{align*}
In general, for an injective function $\varphi:[n]\to[m]$, we denote
\begin{align*}
G^{\varphi}=(G^{\varphi(i)\varphi(j)})_{i,j\in[n]} .
\end{align*}

In this article,
for a graph-valued process ${\bf \Gamma}=(\Gamma_{t})_{t\geq 0}$ on
$\mathcal G_{\infty}$, we assume the following conditions.
\begin{itemize}
\item[(i)](c\`adl\`ag) ${\bf \Gamma}|_n$ has c\`adl\`ag sample paths under product-discrete topology.
\item[(ii)](exchangeable) For any permutation $\sigma:\mathbb N\to\mathbb N$,
  ${\bf \Gamma}^{\sigma}$ is a version of ${\bf \Gamma}$.
\item[(iii)] (left-continuity under $J$) For any $t>0$,
$
J(\Gamma_{t},\Gamma_{t-})=0.
$
\item[(iv)] For all $0\leq s<t\leq 1$,  there is $u\in(s,t)$ such that
$ J(\Gamma_u,\Gamma_s)>0.$
\end{itemize}
\begin{Remark}
Note that condition (i) and (ii) implies the well-definedness of $J(\Gamma_s,\Gamma_t)$ for any $s,t\in\mathbb R_+$ by the following Strong Law of Large Number exchangeable symmetric random array.
\begin{theorem}(SLLN, \cite{Eagleson:2008ix}) Let $X$ be an exchangeable symmetric random array with zero diagonal entries and $X^{ij}=1$ or $0$. Then,
	\[
	T_n:=\frac{2}{n(n-1)}\sum_{1\leq i<j\leq n}X^{ij}\xrightarrow[a.s.]{n\to\infty}\mathbb E[X^{12}|\cap_{n=1}^\infty\mathcal F_n]
	\]
	where $\mathcal F_n=\sigma(\crl{T_n,T_{n+1},...})$.
\end{theorem}
\end{Remark}
\begin{Remark}
The condition (iii) means that the discontinuities of ${\bf \Gamma}$ are only of type
($B$) in \cite{Crane:2015we}. In other words, when ${\bf \Gamma}$ changes, zero
portion of total edges changes. Note that we are dealing
with infinite graphs and this type of jumps includes any finite
simultaneous edge jumps. This condition can be relaxed easily. Note that from Corollary \ref{estN}, the event of nonzero portion of edges jumps simultaneously can happen only finite number of times. This term add only a finite number to the multi-order variation. Therefore, it does not affect whether the variations are finite or infinite.
\end{Remark}
\section{Variation of graph}
The c\`adl\`ag path of ${\bf \Gamma}=(\Gamma_t)_{t=1}^\infty$ implies the following lemma.
\begin{lemma}\label{billing}
	For any $i,j\in\mathbb N$, ${\bf \Gamma}^{ij}$ has finitely many jumps on $[0,1]$
	with probability $1$.
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
	Note that ${\bf \Gamma}^{ij}$ is a c\`adl\`ag with value $1$ or $0$. By
	Billingsley (2009, p 122), one can select a sequence of points $t_{0},t_{1},\cdots, t_{v}$ such that
	$0=t_{0}<t_{1}<\cdots<t_{v}=1$ and
	\begin{align*}
	\sup_{s,t\in[t_{k-1},t_{k})}|\Gamma^{ij}_{s}-\Gamma^{ij}_{t}|&<\frac{1}{2},\qquad k=1,2,...,v
	\end{align*}
	Therefore, jump can happen only at $t_{1},t_{2},...,
	t_{v}$. Therefore, ${\bf \Gamma}^{ij}$ has finitely many jumps on $[0,1]$.
\end{proof}
Let us define an increasing sequence of stopping times $(\tau^{p}_{k})_{k=0}^\infty$. We will show that this will be a localizing sequence. We define $\tau^{p}_{0}:=0$  and, for $k\geq 1$,
\[
\tau^{p}_{k}:=\inf\crl{t>\tau_{k-1}^{p}: J(\Gamma_{t},\Gamma_{\tau_{k-1}^{p}})=p}.
\]

Let us define
\[
N_{p}:=\inf\crl{k\in\mathbb N:\tau^{p}_{k}> 1}.
\]
Note that $\tau^{p}_{N_{p}-1}\leq 1<\tau^{p}_{N_{p}}$ if $N_p<\infty$.
Let $j(e)$ to be the number of jumps for the edge $e$ of ${\bf \Gamma}$ during $[0,1]$.
\begin{proposition}\label{jumpest}
	For almost every $\omega\in\Omega$, there exists an edge $e$, which may depend on $\omega$, such that
	\[
	j(e)\geq \sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p(\omega)-1
	\]
\end{proposition}

\begin{proof}
	Since we have countable number of edges, let us denote with index
	$l=1,2,...$. Let us define random variables
	\begin{align*}
	X^{kl}=|\Gamma^{l}_{\tau^{p}_{k}}-\Gamma^{l}_{\tau^{p}_{k-1}}|.
	\end{align*}
	Note that the law of $\crl{X^{kl}}$ is invariant under relabeling of vertices because $(\tau^p_k)$ is not affected by relabeling. Therefore, it should be an exchangeable random array for given $k$.
Assume that with strictly positive probability, $j(l)<\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p-1$ for all edge $l$. Note that $\sup_{p\in(0,1)}\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}X^{kl}$ is a lower bound for $j(l)$. Then we have
\begin{align*}
\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p-1>\liminf_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^nj(l)\geq\liminf_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^n\sup_{p\in(0,1)}\brak{\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}X^{kl}}\geq\liminf_{n\to\infty}\sup_{p\in(0,1)}\brak{\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^n\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}X^{kl}}
\end{align*}
with strictly positive probability. Note that
\[
\liminf_{n\to\infty}\sup_{p\in(0,1)}\brak{\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^n\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}X^{kl}}\geq \sup_{p\in(0,1)}\brak{\liminf_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^n\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}X^{kl}}.
\]
By Fubini theorem, Fatou's lemma, and the law of large number, we get
\[
\liminf_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^{n}\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}X^{kl}\geq\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}-1}\liminf_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum_{l=1}^{n}X^{kl}=pN_p-p.
\]
This implies
\[
\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p-1>\sup_{p\in(0,1)}\brak{pN_p-p}.
\]
with strictly positive probability and this is a contradiction if $\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p<\infty$. If $\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p=\infty$, then we have $j(l)=\infty$ and it contradicts to Lemma \ref{billing}.
\end{proof}
\begin{corollary}\label{estN} For any $p\in(0,1)$,
	$N_p<\infty$ and $\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p<\infty$ almost surely. Moreover, if there exists $p'\in(0,1)$ such that $N_{p'}>1$, then $\limsup_{p\to 0}pN_p>0$
\end{corollary}
\begin{proof}
	It is obvious from the previous proposition that $N_p$ and $\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p$ should be finite almost surely. Otherwise,there exists an edge that jumps infinitely many times with positive probability, which contradicts Lemma \ref{billing}. Therefore, the first part of the claim is proved.

	On the other hand, note that $1\geq \tau^{p'}_{N_{p'}-1}\geq \tau^{p'/2}_{2(N_{p'}-1)}$ and therefore, $N_{p'/2}-1\geq 2N_{p'}-2$. This implies
	\[
	\frac{p'}{2} (N_{p'/2}-1)\geq p'(N_{p'}-1).
	\]
	 and therefore, $(a_k)_{k=0}^\infty$ where $a_k:=p'2^{-k}(N_{p'2^{-k}}-1)$ is an increasing sequence bounded above by $\sup_{p\in(0,1)}pN_p$. As a result, $(a_k)_{k=0}^\infty$ converges and
	\[
	\limsup_{p\to 0}pN_p\geq\lim_{k\to\infty}p'2^{-k}(N_{p'2^{-k}}-1)\geq p'(N_{p'}-1)>0
	\]
	since $N_{p'}>1$.
\end{proof}
The following corollary says that $(\tau_k^p)$ is indeed a localizing sequence.
\begin{corollary}
	For any $p\in(0,1)$, $\tau^{p}_{i}\nearrow\infty$ almost surely.
\end{corollary}
\begin{proof}
	Assume otherwise: there exists $T\in\mathbb R$ such that
	$\tau^{p}_{k}\leq T$ for all $i\in\mathbb N$ with positive probability. Without loss of generality, we can assume $T=1$. This implies that $N_{p}=\infty$ with strictly positive probability which is a contradiction.
\end{proof}

Let us define the following $\alpha$-order variation of graph valued process.
\begin{definition}
	Let $d$ be a metric on $\mathcal G_\infty$. Let $\alpha\in[1,\infty)$. For a graph valued process ${\bf \Gamma}=(\Gamma_t)_{t\geq 0}$ satisfying (i)--(iv), we define $\alpha$-order variation on $[0,1]$ by
	\[
	\norm{{\bf \Gamma}}_{\alpha[0,1]}:=\lim_{M\to\infty}\lim_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}}\abs{d\brak{P_M(\Gamma_{\tau^{p}_k}),P_M(\Gamma_{\tau^p_{k-1}})}}^\alpha
	\]
	where $P_m:\mathcal G_\infty\to\mathcal G_\infty$ is given by
	$(P_m(X))^{ij}:=X^{ij}\indicator{i,j\in[m]}$ for all $i,j\in\mathbb N$.
\end{definition}

The conventional definition of $\alpha$-order variation would be
\[
\lim_{\norm{\mathcal P_N}\to0}\sum_{k=1}^N\abs{d(\Gamma_{t_i},\Gamma_{t_{i-1}})}^\alpha
\]
where $\mathcal P_N$ is a partition of $[0,1]$ with points $\crl{t_i:0=t_0<t_1<\cdots<t_N=1}$ and $\norm{\mathcal P_N}:=\max_{i}|t_i-t_{i-1}|$.
Our definition may seem slightly different in two aspects. First, we partition the time with localizing sequence of stopping times.
Indeed, if only $0$ portion of total edges of ${\bf \Gamma}$ jumps during $[0,1]$, this definition does not coinside with classical definition since $\tau^p_1=\infty$ for any $p>0$. However, under our assumption (iv), our definition is consistent with the conventional definition because $\tau^p_k-\tau^p_{k-1}\to0$ as $p\to0$. Another difference is that, in our definition, we localize ${\bf \Gamma}$ to the first $M$ vertices, calculate $\alpha$-variance, and then send $M$ to infinity. When ${\bf \Gamma}$ has finite number of vertices, it is consistent with the usual $\alpha$-order variation. Our motivation of the infinite graph comes from our attempt to approximate a large graph. In this sense, our definition is justified.

\begin{theorem}\label{graphvar}
	Let us denote perm$[m]$ to be the permutation on the first $m$ number of vertices.
		Assume that, for $G,F\in\mathcal G_\infty$,
		\[
		d(P_M(G),P_M(F))\nearrow d(G,F) \text{ as } M\nearrow \infty
		\]
	\[
	\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m!}\sum_{\sigma\in\text{perm}[m]}|d(F^\sigma, G^\sigma)|^\alpha\leq CJ(F,G)
	\]
	for some $C$. Then, ${\bf \Gamma}$ has finite $\alpha$-variation almost surely.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
	For a function $X: perm(\mathbb N)\to \mathbb R$, define
	\[
	\mathcal E(X):=\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m!}\sum_{\sigma\in\text{perm}[m]}X(\sigma)
	\]
	Note that $\mathcal E(d(F^\cdot,G^\cdot))$ is an expectation $d(F,G)$ under random indexing. For a given realization of $\Gamma(\omega)$, by Fatou lemma, we have
\begin{align}
	\mathcal E(\norm{{\bf \Gamma}(\omega)}_{\alpha[0,1]})&=\mathcal E\brak{\lim_{M\to\infty}\lim_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}(\omega)}\abs{d\brak{P_M\brak{\Gamma^\sigma_{\tau^{p}_k}(\omega)},P_M\brak{\Gamma^\sigma_{\tau^p_{k-1}}(\omega)}}}^\alpha}\\
	&\leq \liminf_{M\to\infty}\liminf_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}(\omega)}\mathcal E\brak{\abs{d\brak{P_M\brak{\Gamma^\sigma_{\tau^{p}_k}(\omega)},P_M\brak{\Gamma^\sigma_{\tau^p_{k-1}}(\omega)}}}^\alpha}\\
	&\leq \liminf_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_{p}(\omega)}\mathcal E\brak{\abs{d\brak{\Gamma^\sigma_{\tau^{p}_k}(\omega),\Gamma^\sigma_{\tau^p_{k-1}}(\omega)}}^\alpha}\\
	&\leq C \liminf_{p\to0}pN_p(\omega)<\infty
\end{align}
for almost every $\omega$ by Corollary \ref{estN}. This implies that $\alpha$-order variation is finite almost surely.
\end{proof}
\begin{Example}
	On $[0,1]$, ${\bf \Gamma}$ satisfying (i)--(iv) has finite $\alpha$-order variation for all $\alpha>2$ under the metric
	\[
	d(F,G):=\frac{1}{\max\crl{n:F|_n=G|_n}}
	\]
	on $\mathcal G_{\infty}$.

\end{Example}
\begin{proof}
	The first condition of Theorem \ref{graphvar} is trivially satisfied. For $F,G\in\mathcal G_\infty$, let $\brak{F-G}^{ij}=\indicator{F^{ij}\neq G^{ij}}$ and $p=J(F,G)=J(F-G,0)$.
	\begin{align*}
	\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m!}\sum_{\sigma\in\text{perm}[m]}|d(F^\sigma, G^\sigma)|^\alpha &=\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m!}\sum_{\sigma\in\text{perm}[m]}|d((F-G)^\sigma, 0)|^\alpha\\
	&= \sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{n^\alpha}(1-p)^{n\choose 2} (1-(1-p)^n)\\
	&\leq p\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{n^{\alpha-1}}(1-p)^{n\choose 2}\\
	&\leq p\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{n^{\alpha-1}}
	\end{align*}
	where we used convention ${1 \choose 2}=0$. Therefore, if $\alpha>2$, then ${\bf \Gamma}$ has finite $\alpha$-order variation by our previous theorem.
\end{proof}
\section{Variation of graph limit}
\begin{definition}
	The density of $F\in\mathcal G_{n}$ in $G\in\mathcal G_{\infty}$ is defined by
	\[
	t(F;G):=\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m^{n\downarrow}}\sum_{\varphi:[n]\to[m],
		injective}\indicator{G^{\varphi}=F}
	\]
	where $m^{n\downarrow}=m(m-1)\cdots(m-n+1)$.
\end{definition}
The graph limit is an ordered set of graph densities.
\begin{definition}
	The graph limit of $G\in\mathcal G_{\infty}$ is
	\[
	|G|:=(t(F;G))_{F\in\bar\mathcal G}.
	\]
	We denote $|{\bf \Gamma}|:=(|\Gamma_{t}|)_{t\geq 0}$.
\end{definition}
The existence of graph limit is proved in \cite{Crane:2015we} and we will take it for granted.
\begin{proposition}
	Let $F\in\mathcal G_n$ and $G,H\in\mathcal G_\infty$ and assume that $J(F,G)$ exists. Then,
	\begin{align*}
	\abs{t(F;G)-t(F;H)}\leq{n\choose 2} J(G,H)
	\end{align*}
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
	Let us denote $p:=J(G,H)$. Note that
	\begin{align*}
	|t(F;G)-t(F;H)|&=\abs{\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m^{n\downarrow}}\sum_{\varphi:[n]\to[m],\text{\rm injective}}\brak{\indicator{G^\varphi=F}-\indicator{H^\varphi=F}}}\\
	&\leq\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m^{n\downarrow}}\sum_{\varphi:[n]\to[m],\text{\rm injective}}\indicator{G^\varphi\neq H^\varphi}\\
	&\leq 1-\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{1}{m^{n\downarrow}}\sum_{\varphi:[n]\to[m],\text{\rm injective}}\indicator{G^\varphi= H^\varphi}\\
	&\leq 1-(1-p)^{n\choose 2}\leq p{n\choose 2}
	\end{align*}
	Therefore, the claim is proved.
\end{proof}
\begin{theorem}\label{glimitvar}
	Let us define the metric $d$ on
	the space of graph limit as
	\[
	d(|G|,|H|):=\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}f(n)\sum_{F\in\mathcal G_{n}}\abs{t(F;G)-t(F;H)}.
	\]
	Then, if $f:\mathbb N\to\mathbb R$ satisfies $\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}f(n){n\choose 2}2^{n\choose 2}<\infty$, the total variation of $|{\bf \Gamma}|$ satisfying (i)--(iv) is finite: that is,
	\[
	\norm{|{\bf \Gamma}|}_{TV[0,1]}:=\limsup_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_p}d(|\Gamma_{\tau^p_k}|,|\Gamma_{\tau^p_{k-1}}|)<\infty.
	\]
On the other hand, for any finite graph $F$, $t(F;\Gamma_t)$ has finite bounded variation. In other words, $|{\bf \Gamma}|$ has finite dimensional bounded variation on $[0,1]$.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
	By Fubini theorem and dominated convergence theorem,
	\begin{align*}
	\limsup_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_p}d(|\Gamma_{\tau^p_k}|,|\Gamma_{\tau^p_{k-1}}|)&=\limsup_{p\to0}\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}f(n)\sum_{F\in\mathcal G_{n}}\sum_{k=1}^{N_p}\abs{t(F;\Gamma_{\tau^p_k})-t(F;\Gamma_{\tau^p_{k-1}})}\\
	&\leq \limsup_{p\to\infty}\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}f(n)\sum_{F\in\mathcal G_{n}}{n\choose 2}pN_p\\
	&\leq \limsup_{p\to\infty}\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}f(n){n\choose 2}2^{n\choose 2}pN_p\leq C\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}f(n){n\choose 2}2^{n\choose 2}
	\end{align*}
	where $C=\limsup_{p\to0} pN_p<\infty$ is given by Corollary \ref{estN}.
If $f$ does not satisfy the integrable property, then we get finite dimensional locally bounded variation since
\begin{align*}
\lim_{p\to0}\sum_{k=1}^{N_p}\abs{t(F;\Gamma_{\tau^p_k})-t(F;\Gamma_{\tau^p_{k-1}})}\leq{n\choose 2}\limsup_{p\to0}pN_p<\infty
\end{align*}
\end{proof}
The following corollary is Theorem 3.3 of \cite{Crane:2015we}.
\begin{corollary}
	$|{\bf \Gamma}|$ has finite dimensional bounded variation on $[0,1]$ if we define the metric $d$ on
	the space of graph limit as
	\[
	d(|G|,|G'|):=\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}2^{-n}\sum_{F\in\mathcal G_{n}}\abs{t(F;G)-t(F;G')}.
	\]
\end{corollary}
If we define $f$ so that it decreases fast enough, then we have \textit{infinite dimensional} bounded variation.
\begin{corollary}
	$|{\bf \Gamma}|$ has bounded variation on $[0,1]$ if we define the metric $d$ on
	the space of graph limit as
	\[
	d(|G|,|G'|):=\sum_{n\in\mathbb N}2^{-n^{2}}\sum_{F\in\mathcal G_{n}}\abs{t(F;G)-t(F;G')}.
	\]
\end{corollary}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


When it comes to brows, IT Cosmetics knows exactly what we 'brow enthusiasts' want! Personally, i want an easy to use, waterproof, one step situation! All those brow kits out there are great and all but let's face it... this mommy is very much 'on the go' so i need something that will take no more than a few swipes to get me from blah to hey now! Introducing IT Cosmetics Brow Power Super Skinny! I recently attended the gorgeous launch event for the Brow Power Super Skinny and was so impressed with the formula, texture and of course size! If you liked the original Brow Power you will L O V E the new Super Skinny! This beauty will mimic the exact width of real brow hair with each stroke giving you the most natural looking brows! The new skinny packaging is perfect for people like myself whose brows are so sparse and thin that it easily allows me to fill them in without over doing it. The formula is budge proof, sweat proof and waterproof! This is so major! I was chatting with the IT team who shared a horrifying story about Jamie and why she created this eyebrow pencil. As many of you know, Jamie used to be a news anchor. One day, she accidentally wiped off her entire brow live ON AIR! Could you just imagine????? This mortifying experience inspired her to create a product that would ensure such a tragic event would never repeat itself! I ask you to repeat after me in unison please.... my brows THANK YOU Jamie!
The Brow Power Super Skinny pencil comes in 7 shades with universal transforming shade technology. What does this mean you ask? Gosh you're full of awesome questions! Well, basically you can adjust your color based on pressure so you get a perfect match to your hair color in your range every single time! Press light for lighter hair in your shade range and apply more pressure for darker ones. This baby will keep your brows symmetrical allowing you to beautifully frame your face! Thanks to IT Cosmetics new Brow Power Super Skinny pencil, we will all have #BrowsOnFleek! You can buy yours here!
*press sample - all opinions are my own based on my own experience with this product.
I love the fact that it has staying power, that's so important with makeup!


Having flat feet can cause everyday foot pain and lead to more severe foot conditions if left unaddressed. Breakdown in the arches is painful and often requires better footwear. Shoes with the proper flat feet supports can significantly improve comfort, stability, and overall foot health.
KURU shoes offer total support for flat feet through an incredible orthotic midsole that cushions and stabilizes the foot during movement.
More support in the arch means that you get flat foot support like no other shoe.
KURU combines our patented KURUSOLE with a custom molding arch support. This creates a more natural shape that keeps your flat feet in a healthier position as you move.
Our revolutionary KURUSOLE works with the natural cushioning in your feet. By dynamically moving inward to cup your heels, KURUSOLE keeps your feet healthier and more cushioned.
This means your flat feet get all the support they need in all the right places. Keeping you feeling better throughout the day.
Bet your other shoes don't do that!
I have extremely flat feet and at age 57 I have never been without foor pain. I bought a pair of Kuru's last week and 90% of my foot pain is gone! Not 100% pain free but I have never been this close before."
Very comfortable, supportive shoe, hasn't completely solved my issues, but my feet are nowhere near as sore at the end of a 9hr work day.
A lighter, more efficient design makes KURU shoes perfect for life on the go.
Breathable, water resistant nylon-textile fabric provides moisture wicking and durability for enhanced comfort and performance.
The amazing support in KURU shoes make them perfect comfort shoes for any activity. .
Flat feet arch supports center the foot better for a more anatomically correct heel to toe strike. A flexible forefoot gives you the benefit of a more natural walking feel against the ground.
KURU shoes not only give you the benefit of arch supports for flat feet, but also inspire you to participate in activities that give meaning to your life.
With a stylish, functional design, KURU lets you focus on living and worry less about foot pain.


Our congress in Denmark is fast approaching. We know that Steen, Per and their team are working hard at putting the final touches to a very exciting itinerary. We are all looking forward to meeting with you for a week of learning, networking, fun and seeing the best of Danish hospitality and culture.
In Ireland we've had very mixed weather, which is what we regard as the most influential factor for our industry. Q1 was a great start, however we have experienced all four seasons in one day for the later part of April and all of May! Last year we had a magical spring and summer, this year temperatures for May are down some days by 5 degrees below average. Despite a colder May the mood seems to be positive and the economy is in growth mode. Fergal will report more on some statistics in our industry.


Bank of Lithuania released a warning on 31 January 2014, that bitcoin is not recognized as legal tender in Lithuania and that bitcoin users should be aware of high risks that come with the usage of it.
Regulations also vary with each state. Bitcoin Mining Scams:.
Bitcoin: Questions, Answers, and Analysis of Legal Issues Congressional Research Service Summary Bitcoin first appeared in January 2009, the creation of a computer. Bitcoin mining refers to the process through which new Bitcoins are created and given to computers.
Learn what is cryptocurrency. and how it can make. with not-so-legal.The entire idea kicked off back in 2009 when Bitcoin was launched. years of mining. Legal. Realities of Investing in Cryptocurrency Where.
ScamBitcoin.com is a blog dedicated to educating traders about how money can be made by including Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency in your trading portfolio.Learn more about bitcoin mining: your investment to get started, helpful terminology and whether you can make money doing it.Bitcoin mining serves to both add transactions to the block chain and to release new Bitcoin.
Yes, Bitcoin mining (and all other cryptocurrency mining) is legal in Canada.
The legal status of Bitcoin varies from country to country, with some still banning its use.Crypto-related activities are now considered legal in. be able to receive their salaries in bitcoin and pay their. own mining devices which is what.


Considering the clock retro style again, many fans of vintage products there is some tendency in the revival of the classic design. These things are good, not because they are classic, but because the last time they were entirely focused on the form of a smooth and reliable functionality.
Rarely do you see a grandfather clock, whose arrows are too short or completely ridiculous design features? In our today's generation, there is good and bad retro clock. They are high-end or only can imitate high class. Many firms are not made a different watch but just follow the leader.
New edition watches Corum is based on an old design. Corum Grand Precis width of 38.5 mm and 10.25 mm in thickness made of 18-carat white gold or red. The perfect body has some stylish lines and right angles, which go perfectly with the clock. Glass made of sapphire with anti-reflective coating. The dial has a strict markers and design is a celebration of the days gone by.
Light texture is welcome, great looks subsidiary seconds dial, which is not a single marker. Arrows are quite long, which contributes to the accuracy of the determination of time, and also an excellent fit with this style. In a word – excellent design of the past.
Another element that please everyone – it is a mechanism. Corum Caliber CO162 manual winding with a power reserve of 38 hours. The frequency of 2.5 Hz and has 18.000 mph. There is nothing super special regarding complications, but many people like the construction of bridges. The mechanism may not be exactly modern, but more futuristic 1960s, which is an excellent decoration visible on the back cover with anti-reflective coating. Watches Corum Grand Precis waterproof to a depth of 30 meters have a leather strap in black crocodile, which is perfectly suited to this style.
Corum Grand Precis is a rare find for those who wants to have a good classic watch with some age-old traditions and especially sleek design. Grand Precis – a collection of limited edition, the Corum offers 100 copies of the 18-carat red gold, as well as 50 copies of the 18-carat white gold. Cost models – $15,000 and $20,000, respectively.


text:
My name is Jack Owoc, CEO, CSO (Chief Scientific Officer) and founder of Bang Energy, established in 1993. My elite team and I run Bang Energy, VPX and Redline with the same passion, energy and enthusiasm as I did 24 years ago. Sleeping on an air mattress on the floor in order to vigorously pursue my destiny and dreams sounds crazy, but this small sacrifice was worth the massive rewards and magnificent blessings that flowed through me onto millions of others just like you.
My objective from the very beginning was to intentionally help others. I knew in my heart that the more people I helped, the more successful and prosperous Bang Energy would become. My mission statement was simple, to make the highest quality nutritional supplements on the market, backed by scientific research. I felt obligated to start my own supplement company and set the highest standards in manufacturing because I was tired of all the lies and deception that unscrupulous supplement companies were using to purposefully rip off consumers. I intended to hold myself and the company to a higher standard than any other company on the planet. In fact, I wanted to run Bang Energy like a pharmaceutical company and adhere closer to their higher standards. This is precisely why the acronym VP(X) actually stands for Vital Pharmaceuticals with the X appearing lower than VP similar to how it appears in RX.
From the Black Board to the Board Room
Earlier in my career, I was a high school science teacher. I taught six different Science disciplines, along with English, Health and ran Internal Suspension over a period of nine years. During this time, I also developed whole food eating strategies and combined them with vigorous training programs for both men and women who wanted to get into peak physical condition. The thing that set me apart from others who were also doing this was that I based everything off of science and made supplementation an integral part of my protocol. The results my clients achieved far exceeded other trainers and/or diet coaches. The results achieved with the addition of science and supplements always kept my clientele on top!
I kept meticulous details on the alternating macro-nutrient profiles of all my clients never once counting or paying attention to calories. However, something strange happened one month where a select group of my clients did not lose any body fat. This was shocking since all my clients were performing vigorous exercise and following their whole food nutrition and supplement program. Nevertheless, my clients' progress had come to a screeching halt one month! Compare this to the average client who consistently dropped four percent body fat per month.
Keeping with sound scientific principles – I immediately identified the changed variable. The only variable that changed with the group that was not losing body fat was the substitution of a different egg protein supplement. This was important because this egg protein supplement was consumed twice per day. Remember, this was the early 90's, and egg white protein was the only protein supplement on the market at that time. I had an uneasy feeling about this egg protein, so I sent it out to a lab to be tested. The protein assay returned from the lab was unbelievable; results showed that it was 90 percent maltodextrin, along with some ash and moisture, and contained no protein whatsoever! Knowing that I had recommended a protein supplement to my clients that was complete garbage that had impeded their results made me furious!
Things went from bad to worse. Shortly thereafter, my best friend was playing professional basketball. He was HIGHLY allergic to milk protein. With all the trust in the world, my best friend asked me to recommend the purest egg protein and send it to him. I sent him Med Sport Egg Protein. Upon consuming this protein, he asphyxiated in the shower. Suffocating and near death he pounded on the shower doors. His wife rescued him and immediately transported him to the hospital where the medical staff saved his life. The irony of this grand deception ran deep – who would have known that my friend would need to be saved by a medical staff from using a product called, Med Sport?
Enraged with anger at the corruption, dishonesty and utter tomfoolery in the supplement industry, set me on an unwavering warpath. First I exposed these supplement companies in the media and one of them actually shut its doors and went out of business. Then I took decisive action using intensive scientific research and development to innovate and create supplements that yielded extreme efficacy and impeccable purity – to create a sports and performance nutrition company that tested and set the highest standards for quality. I declared and committed to deliver SUPER PREMIUM quality sports and performance nutrition products backed by evidence-based scientific research. This is why testing and studies are nonstop at VPX/Bang/Redline headquarters to bring to market the most cutting-edge muscle, performance, and appearance-enhancing supplements possible.
Supplement Scams Costing you Money and Muscle!
As previously mentioned, one of the reasons I entered into the supplement industry was my disgust for unscrupulous supplement manufacturers who were intentionally mislabeling their supplements and ripping the public off. However, let's be crystal clear; my broader vision was to create supplements that were super potent and highly effective – supplements so effective that they had the power to positively impact lives and radically improve health in a very short period of time.
Surprisingly, supplements aren't much better today than they were 24 years ago. Almost every single sports nutrition company offers a worthless, muscle-destroying pre-workout called a "concentrate". It is a rigged system where the health food or online store collaborate to push a concentrate on you because of the massive profit that they make at your expense! You lose both money and muscle, while they profit handsomely. It is not just the small companies either that are ripping you off. One of the biggest protein manufacturers in the world was recently tested to be 30% under protein claimed on the label and also contained 30% of what I refer to as "non-protein filler". Compare that to our SRO™ Zero Carb® Protein which contains the highest protein content per pound and per ounce! Further scams are evident by the largest seller of ready to drink protein beverages that tested 32% under label claim. This is insane my friends. There is a willful and purposeful intent to rip you off. Worse yet, you have to wonder what the hell is in these products that you are drinking that isn't protein!
Quality Control: Truth in Labeling
This is why Bang Energy does things differently! All of our raw materials are received into the warehouse, quarantined, and then tested for efficacy in our own state of the art laboratories to ensure that we only provide the end-consumer with the best product possible. Raw materials are sampled and taken to the quality control lab for analysis. Our analysis of each ingredient is conducted by tests on several levels; first through our high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) units that confirm the identity and purity levels of the ingredient; and second, the physical characteristics of the compound are verified through our infrared spectroscopy (IR) machine. Once the test results meet our set release specifications and the supplier's certificate of analysis, the ingredient is released and can be utilized within manufacturing. Maintaining this high level of testing ensures that every Bang Energy product is manufactured to its intended design and that we continually produce products that meet and exceed our customers' expectations.
The Front Runner in Sports Nutrition
One of the most prestigious accomplishments Bang Energy has achieved is that we have more university proven double-blind placebo-controlled sports and performance nutrition studies on our finished products than all the supplement companies in our industry combined! We don't engage in unethical and deceptive advertising practices by bloviating that users gained 10 pounds on a "key Muscle building compound" in our product or lost 22 pounds of fat with a "key fat burning ingredient" in our product. The companies that make these intellect-insulting claims conveniently never tell you what specific ingredient they are referring to. They also never tell you the exact amount used in their so called or research study. Nor, do the tell you how long you have to use this mysterious "key ingredient"! Worse yet, they don't use the real compound used in the study. Let's say for example, a specific herb containing 28% alkaloids or polyphenols was used in the study. They will use the "same herb by name only" but this worthless herb will be devoid of and active alkaloids or polyphenols. Frankly, they don't give a damn about you! They will list as many as 50 compounds on the label sprinkled in their products is worthless pixie dust amounts.
"This is why Bang Energy conducts university double-blind placebo-controlled sports and performance nutrition studies on our FINISHED PRODUCTS – we sell you the exact products and exact ingredients with exact ingredient amounts that were used and proven effective at the most prestigious research universities in the world!"
– Jack Owoc CEO, CSO Bang Energy
Given the distinction, "The Frontrunner in Sports Nutrition" Bang Energy continues to utilize intense research to develop the world's most effective muscle, appearance and performance-enhancing supplementation, beverages and nutrition.
"The science and the ability to create superior products is something we take ownership of and take very seriously. Bang Energy Sports has funded 22+ landmark sports nutrition studies at the country's top universities such as, UCLA, Florida State, Baylor, Southern Maine, University of Tampa, College of Pittsburgh, Memphis University and many others. As a result of these studies, VPX Redline has successfully developed and produced a full line of university proven nutritional supplements and performance beverages. As of now, there are at least a dozen studies that have been published or are in progress. Bang Energy has product-specific studies on 6 Meltdown Studies, Redline Xtreme, Redline Princess, Zero Carb Protein, Protein Rush, NO-Shotgun, two NO-Shotgun/NO-Synthesize Stack Stuides and is in the process of conducting a bleeding edge study with Division I collegiate athletes that will be released in the coming months! No company has a dedication and commitment to science like VPX! A test of Meltdown Fat Assault RTD drink performed at the College of New Jersey, Ewing, N.J., showed a 14 percent increase in metabolism for more than three hours per 4-ounce serving. A College of New Jersey study found that 4-ounces of Redline Xtreme provided a 7.5 percent improvement in reaction time, 13 percent increase in energy and 15 percent increase in focus.Our Pre-Workout SHOTGUN 5X research found that subject's experienced a mind-blowing 148.65% increase in muscle DNA and up to a 5-fold increase in muscle gene proteins! The mind-blowing message here is that we created products that actually induce nutria-genomics which means positively altering muscle genes through supplementation! We are on fire right now and I personally 2017 will bring you innovations that will rock your fragile world!"
Bang Energy Takes the Sports Beverage World by Storm
Initially we focused on sports nutrition supplements but have rapidly expanded into the ready-to-drink muscle building and performance-enhancing beverage market. Bang Energy beverages, such as Redline Xtreme®, Protein Rush®, Bang® and Redline Black Diamond™ are designed to radically improve performance, increase muscle and improve appearance. VPX currently has a staff of 167 employees in its 102,000 square-foot facility where every aspect of its products are created – from research and development to manufacturing to sales and marketing. The results have continued to be successful — Bang Energy's beverages are now available in all 50 states through various distributors. In several states, its distributor network is vast, such as California which boasts a network of 15 direct store distributors as well as five in Texas and four in Georgia. Currently, its beverages can be found at many retailers, such as Quik Trip, 7-Eleven, Ralph's and Chevron outlets. Bang Energy products are also sold in 37 countries worldwide.
Copyright © 2023 Bang Energy Canada | Vital Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Powered by Bang Energy


Cost For Private Music (Singing/Piano/Guitar/Theory), and Voice Acting/Speech Lessons Please note: All private lessons priced below are 1 hour long . Half hour lessons are available at $40 per lesson but are only recommended for children under 10 years . You can pay by cash (preferred method), credit card (a 5 % fee applies) or Interac-e- Transfer. Sorry personal cheques are not accepted. There is a 24 hour cancelation policy. Please look at the FAQ section for more information.


Located in a recent residence of secure standing with caretaker, this two-room apartment on the penultimate floor enjoys a terrace without vis-à-vis.
It consists of an entrance, a living room with open kitchen on a terrace of nearly 10m², a bedroom, bathroom, W.C separated. A cellar and a closed garage complete this quality offer.


text:
class ProtobufServerResponseAdapterTest : public testing::Test {
public:
    ProtobufServerResponseAdapterTest()
    {}
protected:
    ServerResponse sut;
};

TEST_F(ProtobufServerResponseAdapterTest, ctor ){
    EXPECT_FALSE(sut.has_user());
    EXPECT_FALSE(sut.has_category());
}

TEST_F(ProtobufServerResponseAdapterTest, userres){
    sut.user()->add();
    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.has_user() );

    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.get_user().has_add() );
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_user().has_get() );
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_user().has_login() );

    sut.user()->get();
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_user().has_add() );
    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.get_user().has_get() );
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_user().has_login() );

    sut.user()->login();
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_user().has_add() );
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_user().has_get() );
    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.get_user().has_login() );
}

TEST_F(ProtobufServerResponseAdapterTest, categoryres){
    sut.category()->add();
    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.has_category() );

    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.get_category().has_add() );
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_category().has_get() );

    sut.category()->get();
    EXPECT_FALSE( sut.get_category().has_add() );
    EXPECT_TRUE( sut.get_category().has_get() );
}


When I'm with my friends on the weekend, we always end up Snapping shots of one another, adding in whatever stickers and lenses we've accumulated over the last week. But these filters are fleeting, so it's always a challenge to keep up with the best new ones. If you want to get a leg up on the competition, this is your one-stop-shop.
If you're unsure of how to add custom Filters and Lenses to Snapchat, just check out this guide. There's a massive community sprawled across Reddit, Twitter, and other websites of people working to make Snapcodes for Lenses. Because of this, there's always a massive influx of relevant Snaps that you can pull from the Internet.
If you've never seen the compilation of Owen Wilson saying "Wow," then let me introduce you to it. This filter creates a little Owen Wilson head that you can tap. Once you do so, they pop and say "Wow." Masterful.
Even if you're not a fan of the Eric Andre Show, you've likely seen the memes that sprouted from the "We'll Be Right Back" that popped up before the show's commercial breaks. This Lens lets you take a piece of Adult Swim TV magic with you wherever you go.
Maybe I'm old, but nothing takes me back like those awful homemade tutorials from a simpler internet. A 12-year-old kid who somehow knows more than you about computers, a microphone that picks up every breath, and an Unregistered Hypercam 2. These are the days I yearn for. With this Lens, you're that much closer to teaching confused computer owners how to re-install drivers so they can finally play Halo CE.
Fake text memes have been on the rise for some time, with jokes about the FBI and Harvard leading the stampede for this wave. This Lens generates a few different fake texts that you can insert in your Snaps (though the Harvard one is probably the best).
One of the coolest things to come out of Game Developers Conference last week was this Cuphead Lens. Okay, that's probably not true — but I really like this Lens. It was developed by Studio MDHR (the creators of Cuphead), and has a lot built into it. If you make a motion towards Cuphead or Mugman, they'll even die before your eyes.
These Lenses should keep you going through the weekend and hopefully well into next week. Keep in mind though, the internet is an ever-changing animal — and people keep coming up with new Lenses every day, so check back for more.


text:
package com.google.inject.grapher.graphviz;

import java.lang.reflect.Member;

/**
 * Implementation of {@link PortIdFactory}. Bound in {@link GraphvizModule}.
 *
 * @author phopkins@gmail.com (Pete Hopkins)
 */
public class PortIdFactoryImpl implements PortIdFactory {
  @Override
  public String getPortId(Member member) {
    return "m_" + Integer.toHexString(member.hashCode());
  }
}


Despite the many names given to MPLS/VPNs by marketers, there are only three classes of MPLS-based VPN services with very distinct characteristics. If you're able to map their service descriptions into one of these classes, you'll immediately understand the benefits and drawbacks of the service offerings and have the knowledge to choose the appropriate MPLS service for your enterprise wide area network (WAN).
VPN services exist. To learn about the different MPLS classes and which to select for your wide area network (WAN), read this technology primer on the pros and cons of various MPLS/VPN service types.
Service providers (SP) started talking about Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based virtual private network (VPN) services more than a decade ago when Cisco -- and subsequently other vendors -- introduced MPLS/VPN technology. MPLS-based VPNs were initially offered as a lower-cost full-mesh Layer-3 service replacing expensive frame relay offerings, but as more and more service providers deployed MPLS in their network backbones, vendors quickly figured out other uses for the then-ubiquitous MPLS infrastructure.
AToM (Any Transport over MPLS) enabled service providers to offer point-to-point transport (pseudowires) across their IP- and MPLS-based infrastructure and carry customer Ethernet, frame relay, ATM or even TDM data across a unified backbone. VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is an extension of AToM and allows service providers to build any-to-any LAN-like networks across MPLS backbones, usually combined with Carrier Ethernet access networks.
Regardless of the marketese used by your connectivity suppliers, there are only three classes of MPLS-based VPN services. If you're able to map their obfuscated service descriptions into one of the classes, you'll immediately understand the benefits and drawbacks of their MPLS/VPN service offering.
When service providers market MPLS VPNs, they usually offer Layer-3 MPLS/VPN services, where your routers (customer edge or CE routers) exchange routes with provider edge (PE) routers. When you use MPLS/VPN services, the service provider routers form the core of your WAN backbone.
Enlarge MPLS VPN topology diagram.
The MPLS/VPN backbone is always using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) as its routing protocol. Almost any other routing protocol (OSPF, EIGRP, RIP and even IS-IS) can be used to connect your sites with the MPLS/VPN backbone, but many service providers limit the choices to BGP and static routing for convenience.
Enlarge MPLS VPN routing diagram.
A Layer-3 MPLS/VPN is undoubtedly the most scalable SP-offered VPN solution. Each of your edge routers peers with just one router (the PE-router) and you get optimum any-to-any connectivity between your sites regardless of your network topology. Some service providers also offer advanced topologies, including overlapping VPNs -- which are often used to implement extranet services -- and hub-and-spoke topology -- where all your traffic still traverses the central site, allowing you to inspect, audit and filter it.
Routing protocol choice might be limited. If you want to use multiple service providers to gain redundancy, it's best to swallow the bitter pill and start using BGP everywhere in your network. After the initial cultural shock, you'll discover that BGP gives you more control over your routing and even allows you to implement interesting cost-saving designs. For example, you could shift low-priority traffic to Internet-based VPN/s while retaining tight QoS for the mission-critical applications within the MPLS VPN service.
End-to-end convergence is controlled primarily by the service provider. There's not much you can do if SPs can't fine-tune the routing protocols to give you the convergence speed you need to keep your voice traffic unaffected. In worst case scenarios, some network architects build their own dynamic multipoint VPN (DMVPN) networks on top of MPLS/VPN IP topology to improve the convergence.
Reliability of an MPLS/VPN solution is influenced by the service provider's competence level. Some very large MPLS/VPN providers offer excellent service, but many mid-sized or small providers lack understanding of enterprise IP routing challenges.
Deciding to use MPLS/VPN services from a particular service provider also creates a very significant lock-in. It's hard to change the provider when it's operating your network core.
From the enterprise network architect's perspective, the VPLS services are pure simplicity. The service provider offers you a switched LAN segment to which you connect your routers. There's almost no lock-in; you can use whichever routing protocol you choose; you control the convergence parameters; you can always walk away from a SP that provides you with Ethernet connectivity without significant changes in your design or router configurations.
The major drawback of the VPLS service is scalability; large bridged domains don't scale well. They also represent a single security zone. Last but not least, it's hard to connect a hundred or more routers to a shared LAN segment; OSPF could break very quickly, EIGRP and RIP would fare better and the only routing protocol that would work reliably is BGP.
Pseudowire services (using AToM or L2TPv3 protocols) offer point-to-point transport. They are sometimes used to provide legacy connectivity services (frame relay or ATM) but their most common use is point-to-point Gigabit Ethernet connectivity used in lieu of dark fiber to connect data centers.
Is the service totally transparent, i.e., can I pass any packets, including Spanning Tree Protocol updates across it?
Are there any QoS guarantees and can I use 802.1p markings to indicate which packets should never be dropped?
Which MPLS service is best?
It's impossible to answer the "which MPLS service should I choose" question with anything other than "it depends." Simplistic advice is usually misleading without considering your business requirements and your network design.
You should carefully evaluate your business needs and minimum requirements, collect the offerings of relevant service providers in your geographic area (it's impossible to get all the services in some places) and then select the best match. If this is the first time you're selecting MPLS-based services, get external help from an experienced consultant.
Quite often you'll be forced to combine multiple services in your network: MPLS VPN for smaller sites, VPLS for sites with high-availability requirements (to better control convergence speed and routing protocol behavior) and pseudowires for point-to-point links between your data centers.
For more on MPLS/VPN services, learn when companies should consider building MPLS networks of their own in this tip, how to prepare enterprise WANs for MPLS/VPN integration in part two, or learn about troubleshooting MPLS WAN services in part three of this tip series. Expert Chris Partsenidis also provides a simple explanation of MPLS/VPN services in his MPLS VPN tutorial.
Ivan Pepelnjak, CCIE No. 1354, is a 25-year veteran of the networking industry. He has more than 10 years of experience in designing, installing, troubleshooting and operating large service provider and enterprise WAN and LAN networks.
He is currently chief technology advisor at NIL Data Communications, focusing on advanced IP-based networks and Web technologies. His books include MPLS and VPN Architectures and EIGRP Network Design. Check out his IOS Hints blog.
MPLS VPN for smaller sites (L3), its wrong? Because in text above, you say that MPLS L3 is used for: " A Layer-3 MPLS/VPN is undoubtedly the most scalable SP-offered VPN solution. "


text:
Q: Decode audio with python I wrote this code that encodes binary to audio.
How can I decode this audio with python?
I am using Python 3.6.4 (64 Bit)
Code that encodes:
# main.py
import binascii
import pyaudio

a = open('tucsonTucson.txt', 'rb')
c = a.read()
b = bin(int(binascii.hexlify(c), 16))
print(str(b))

sample_stream = []

high_note = (b'\xFF'*100 + b'\0'*100) * 1
low_note = (b'\xFF'*50 + b'\0'*50) * 2

for bit in b[2:]:
    if bit == "1":
        sample_stream.extend(high_note)
    else:
        sample_stream.extend(low_note)

sample_buffer = ''.join(map(str, sample_stream))

p = pyaudio.PyAudio()

stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(1),
                channels=1,
                rate=44100,
                output=True)
stream.write(sample_buffer)

stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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John Harper had no idea what was about to unfold as he and his six-year-old daughter embarked on the Titanic. But one thing he knew: he loved Jesus and he was passionate that others know Him too. As soon as the ship hit an iceberg and water started pouring in, Harper, a widower, put his little girl on a lifeboat and headed into the chaos to save as many people as possible. As he distributed life jackets he reportedly shouted, "Let the women, children, and the unsaved into the lifeboats." Until his last breath, Harper shared about Jesus with anyone who was around him. John willingly gave his life away so others could live.
There was One who laid down His life freely two thousand years ago so you and I can live not only in this life but for all eternity. Jesus didn't just wake up one day and decide He would pay the penalty of death for humanity's sin. This was His life mission. At one point when He was talking with the Jewish religious leaders He repeatedly acknowledged "I lay down my life" (John 10:11, 15, 17, 18). He didn't just say these words but lived them by actually dying a horrific death on the cross. He came so that the Pharisees, John Harper, and we "may have life, and have it to the full" (v. 10).
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Nada Mucho
"Now With Less Suck!"
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Paul Burch: Not Really a Country Singer After All
Posted by Nada Overlord March 23rd, 2004 No Comments »
NadaMucho.com Interview – Paul Burch
By Eric "Skip" Tognetti, Internet Hack
In my recent review of Paul Burch's fifth solo album, Fool for Love, I proclaimed: "This is classic country at its finest. The kind of album Nashville has forgotten how to put out." While I stand behind that statement, I discovered in a recent phone conversation that Burch – a sometimes collaborator with the likes of Lambchop and Bobby Bare, Jr. and co-founder of the WPA Ballclub – doesn't necessarily agree with the classification of his music as "country." Fair enough.
Country or not, I can tell you that I've recommended his album to everybody from young Seattle hipsters to an Episcopalian minister in Gainesville, Georgia, and every one of them has become a fan.
I was able to catch up with Paul during a break between playing and listening to music at the South By Southwest festival in Austin, Texas. I found him to be as intelligent in conversation as he is on record.
NadaMucho.com: About the new album – which I love by the way – I've been listening to it non-stop since I first discovered it. It's been well received in reviews, as well. To what do you attribute the success?
Paul Burch: Thanks. Well, I don't know. Lucky, I guess. All the albums have been pretty well received. If this one's any different, it's because maybe I'm getting closer to getting it all the way I want. I play most of the instruments on the album, and I try to give it a live sound. I just try not to worry anything. And it gets more fun as I get more comfortable with the process. I'm more at ease.
NM: Speaking of process, a musician friend of mine pointed out that on "Like Railroad Steel," just before you sing the line "keeping perfect time," you slow the beat down by about two beats per second. He said he almost drove off the road the first time he noticed it. Are there other things like that sprinkled through the album?
PB: If that's there, it's completely by accident. Again, I played most of the instruments, so it was probably just an accident on my part. Whenever you hear something like that, it's almost always a happy accident. But that's the stuff that makes music so great: when you hear something and it almost makes you drive off the road.
NM: Also, the first couple times I listened to Fool For Love, it seemed like straight classic country. But the more I listened, the more I noticed modern, non-traditional elements woven in. What non-country influences do you see in your work?
PB: Well, there's tons. I really don't think of myself as a country musician. I listen to a lot of R&B and country, mostly. Really, I'm just trying to make the best rock and roll songs I can. I guess I like people who sing the American songbook. If you've lived in a lot of places in the country – or traveled through them – you find that the music fits the land wherever you are. Like here in Texas, there's so much open space, and the music reflects that.
I'm not trying to make a Frankenstein monster, or anything. Mostly I like the beat. Country and R&B have very similar beats. I've always been attracted to them. Growing up, nobody told me country music was for a certain kind of person. That's the perception: that country music is stupidity and R&B is greasy barbecue. But I never learned about that. I just always liked the beat, the way it sounds.
NM: Speaking of – you were just talking about how the music comes from the land – I read you're doing a PBS special on the Appalachians and I was hoping you could tell me a little about that and what you learned from it.
PB: Yeah, that's still in process. It's about the history of Appalachia. I was introduced to the filmmakers by Jason Ringenberg of the Scorchers, and they just asked me a lot of questions about music. They asked me if I was interested in scoring, and I'm not even sure I know what that means. I know what I'd like them to include, but it might end up being more of what people expect than that. But I'm always going to strive for them to use the music of the late '20s and early '30s. That's where most of the great music out there is from.
NM: So, do you ever read your own reviews, or do you tend to ignore them and just do what you're doing?
PB: Not really. I mean, once in a while, if only to see that everything's right. I'm far too gone to be influenced by anything I read by some hack writing on the Internet.
NM: I ask because what I'm interested in is, when you do read them, which comparisons people make that most surprise you. .
PB: I hear a lot of comparisons to Jimmy Dale Gilmore. That surprises me because I never listen to him and I'm not a real big fan of his music. But I do see a lot of that.
But what surprises me most is that my music's considered country. I don't think of it as country. Country music – for the past 50 years, anyway – has always been a commercial enterprise. Since Hank Williams, there's always been a ready audience. And I don't see myself fitting into that.
On the other hand, country has been uncool for so long to the rock and roll set that people have a negative visceral reaction as soon as they hear a fiddle or a slide guitar. I mean, all those rock and rollers a few years back who love Led Zeppelin, they hate country music. What they don't realize is that a lot of Led Zeppelin's tricks came from country music and rockabilly: the echo effects and all of that. That was all Gene Vincent, and he learned it all from Les Paul. But the new musicians, they seem a lot more open to a wider variety of sounds. Country, rock, whatever.
NM: Tell me about the process you go through with your lyrics. Your subject matter on this new album wasn't all that much of a stretch from the traditional, but in your lyrics you were willing to forfeit a rhyme at the end of a line or, as in "Moments of Weakness," where you change the meter"¦ Do you spend a lot of time in that process?
PB: Well, a lot of the good stuff comes without much effort. A lot of what makes the recording tends to be what was easy to write. But editing is as much of the craft as writing. Sometimes I'll look back at a first draft, and the final product will be completely different.
I'm not really too aware of things like the changed meter until I listen back to it, or until other musicians try to follow it. The only real bad thing about modern music is that everything has become so clean – and in a way that's good, it's all about melody. But the melodies are clean, and modern musicians have a hard time following on anything with an off melody or a dropped beat or anything.
NM: So, the tour: How'd you get hooked up with the Mekons? It's an interesting bill.
PB: I'm good friends with John Langford. We're actually planning to make an album soon with the Waco Brothers. We're planning on it being one of the top 20 rock albums of all time. I don't know, John and I are both dads and we're both rockers. And he's been really good to me, really talking me up to people. John is a habitual record maker. I think I make a lot of albums, but it seems he puts one out twice a year. I could just be another project of his.
Anyway, I guess I just weaseled my way onto the bill. And let me tell you, those Mekons know how to party. I'm gonna have to have my beer galoshes on for this one.
NM: Have you ever played Seattle or spent any time here?
PB: No, I never really have. I played out there with Ryan Adams once, but I think that was in Portland. Never really been to Seattle – haven't spent much time on the west coast.
NM: And what kind of reception do you expect in a place like Seattle?
PB: If people don't throw fruit and vegetables, I'll be happy.
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text:
Home » Clindamycin vs TMP-SMX for Skin Infections
Clinical / Clinical Briefs in Primary Care
Clindamycin vs TMP-SMX for Skin Infections
Clindamycin vs. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Uncomplicated Skin Infections
Abstract & Commentary: Cephalexin vs. Clindamycin for Pediatric Skin Infections — Perhaps Drainage Is All That's Needed
Abstract & Commentary: Cephalexin vs. Clindamycin for Pediatric Skin Infections — Perhaps Drainage Is All That's Needed | Single Article
SOURCE: Miller LG, et al. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1093-1103.
The treatment of cellulitis, with or without a local abscess, has become more complicated since MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) has assumed the causal role of "guilty until proven otherwise" in such settings. Although there has been some suggestion in the literature that antibiotic treatment may not be necessary once an abscess — even a MRSA abscess — has been incised and drained, oftentimes there is sufficient cellulitis surrounding the abscess that clinicians may feel uneasy to omit antibiotics. Hence, the decision for treatment of uncomplicated skin infections boils down to which antibiotic?
Miller et al performed a double-blind, randomized comparison trial among patients (n = 524) with cellulitis and/or abscess, including 155 children. Subjects were randomized to treatment with 10 days of either oral clindamycin (CLIN) or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). The primary outcome of the trial was clinical cure at 7-10 days post-antibiotic treatment.
There was no difference in clinical cure rate between the two treatment arms, nor was there any meaningful difference in adverse events, including Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (no cases, either treatment arm). The efficacy and safety of CLIN and TMP-SMX for uncomplicated skin infections appear comparable.
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text:
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Hyran är ofta låg då man delar på utrymmen som konferensrum och möteslokaler. Mängden företag skapar också ett nätverk som ofta leder till nya arbetsuppdrag för de inblandade.

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Företagstyper

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
CentOS Pulse Newsletter, November 2018 (#1806)
Tuesday, 6, November 2018 Rich Bowen Newsletter No Comments
Here's what's been happening in the past month at CentOS.
The following releases and updates happened in October. For each update, the given URL provides the upstream notes about the change.
Errata and Enhancements Advisories
We issued the following CEEA (CentOS Errata and Enhancements Advisories) during October:
CEEA-2018:2903 CentOS 6 oracleasm Enhancement - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023064.html
CEEA-2018:2984 CentOS 7 xorg-x11-server Enhancement - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023071.html
Errata and Security Advisories
We issued the following CESA (CentOS Errata and Security Advisories) during October:
CESA-2018:2881 Critical CentOS 6 firefox Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023049.html
CESA-2018:2892 Moderate CentOS 6 glusterfs Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023058.html
CESA-2018:2898 Moderate CentOS 6 nss Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023061.html
CESA-2018:2846 Important CentOS 6 kernel Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023062.html
CESA-2018:2916 Important CentOS 7 spamassassin Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023065.html
CESA-2018:2918 Important CentOS 7 ghostscript Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023066.html
CESA-2018:2921 Important CentOS 7 tomcat Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023067.html
CESA-2018:2943 Critical CentOS 6 java-1.8.0-openjdk Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023068.html
CESA-2018:C001 CentOS 7 xorg-x11-server Security - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023075.html
Errata and Bugfix Advisories
We issued the following CEBA (CentOS Errata and Bugfix Advisories) during October:
CEBA-2018:2901 CentOS 6 device-mapper-multipath BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023052.html
CEBA-2018:2895 CentOS 6 libcgroup BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023053.html
CEBA-2018:2894 CentOS 6 mailx BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023054.html
CEBA-2018:2897 CentOS 6 zsh BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023055.html
CEBA-2018:2899 CentOS 6 ypserv BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023056.html
CEBA-2018:2896 CentOS 6 nfs-utils BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023057.html
CEBA-2018:2900 CentOS 6 dhcp BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023059.html
CEBA-2018:2893 CentOS 6 gcc-libraries BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023060.html
CEBA-2018:3013 CentOS 6 tzdata BugFix - https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-announce/2018-October/023073.html
SIG Updates
SIGs - Special Interest Groups - are where people work on the stuff that runs on top of CentOS.
NFV SIG
We have been focused on VPP and pre-requisite packages required to build VPP.
OVS and DPDK are available in Cloud SIG but can also be made available in NFV SIG on request.
Current projects are enabling building of VPP 1810 which requires toolset7 and some additional build dependencies.
Storage SIG
Luminous is the current latest major version of ceph maintained by the SIG
We have very recently promoted in this repo the very first version of ceph-ansible which supports ansible 2.6 (previously it would only work with 2.4 and 2.5)
There isn't and probably there won't be a repo for the mimic version
There will be a repo for the nautilus version instead, which will be the first ceph version supporting centos 8
Get involved with the SIGs!
At the recent SIG gathering at CERN, we discussed at some length how to get more people, and more projects, involved in the SIG process.
A SIG is a place for related projects to gather, to work together to get their products packaged, tested, and distributed in CentOS. For example, the Cloud SIG has representatives from OpenStack and Cloudstack, producing packages of their code.
Unfortunately, many of our SIGs have only one project represented. For example, the Storage SIG is primarily Gluster, while the Virtualization SIG is primarily oVirt. We'd like to expand these to include more projects, both to increase the diversity of project availability on CentOS, and because these projects are often solving similar problems, and can cooperate on them.
Which brings us to you. There are so many ways that you can get involved in the SIG process, no matter what your skills and interests.
The primary output of a SIG is a package repository, and so creating those packages tends to be where the main focus of a SIG rests. If you like to create packages, or want to learn how, this is your place to get involved.
While there's extensive process around automated testing of the packages, there's no substitute for actual human testing, to find the edge cases, ensure that things are working correctly, and catch things for which there's no automated testing yet. And creating those tests are a great way to ensure that problems don't reappear in the future.
Promotion and outreach
We want the CentOS SIGs to represent the enormous diversity of the open source landscape itself. We want the Storage SIG to represent not only the hugely popular software defined storage solutions everyone has heard of, but also the smaller communities with more niche use cases. We want the PaaS SIG to represent all of the various PaaS projects.
This takes outreach to the projects themselves, and to the users of those projects, to persuade them of the value of being involved in the SIG process, and then to help onboard them into that process.
It also takes improvement of our documentation to make it more accessible to people who aren't already familiar with how this all works.
And it takes enthusiastic people to produce materials for use at events, and then staff those events to explain to beginners how to get involved.
We even have a separate SIG for this - the Promotion SIG - which focuses on getting the word out, and helping to onboard people when they arrive. And the Artwork SIG is responsible for creating artwork for use both in the distribution, and on our various websites, to make the entire experience more visually appealing.
If you want to get involved in a SIG, or to start a new one, come join us for the SIG meetings on the #centos-devel channel on Freenode IRC. Have a look at the list of active SIGs, and see if there's one that interests you. Or look at the proposed SIGs and see if there's something you can do to get them bootstrapped.
October was a very, very busy month for CentOS events all over the world.
CentOS was a sponsor of Ohio LinuxFest, in Columbus, Ohio. OLF is an annual event, drawing most of its attendees from Ohio, and surrounding states. The first day of the event has in-depth technical tutorials, while the second day draws more of a hobbyist audience, including a number of highschool students. As such, it's a great opportunity to talk about CentOS and Fedora. Our friends from Fedora shared our space with us, and we had a number of great conversations with our fans, as well as talking with a number of local businesses who run their operations on CentOS, Fedora, and RHEL.
Later in the month, we held our second annual CentOS Dojo at CERN. There were around 100 people in attendance, and presentations ranged from science to technical to community. We started the day with a presentation from CERN about how they use CentOS, OpenStack, and Ceph in their investigation of the secrets of the universe. We then heard from a number of our SIGs (Special Interest Groups) about what they're working on, and how people can get more involved. You can watch the video from each presentation by clicking on the paperclip icon next to the individual items in the event schedule listing.
On the day before the Dojo, we had a smaller gathering of our SIGs. There was discussion about the upcoming changes to the Git infrastructure - a conversation that was started at this event last year. Various SIGs reported on what they've been working on over the last few months. And there was discussion about how we can get more contributors involved in the SIG process. (See the SIG Updates section of this newsletter for more about this.) Watch the centos-devel list for more discussions around these topics.
During the week of October 22nd, a few of us were at Open Source Summit in Edinburgh (the event formerly known as LinuxCon. Here, too, we had great interactions with people from all levels of involvement, from people running massive server farms to kids running CentOS at home.
And finally, in the last week of the month, we had a sponsor booth at LISA in Nashville, once again shared with our friends from Fedora. LISA - Large Installation System Administration Conference - is one of the oldest software conferences in the world, going back to 1987.
If you are aware of any events in November where CentOS has (or should have!) a presence, please don't hesitate to announce it on the centos-promo mailing list so that we can help you promote it. Or, you can add it directly to the upcoming events page.
The next big event for the CentOS community is FOSDEM, and the CentOS Dojo immediately before FOSDEM. We will be announcing the schedule for this event today or tomorrow - as soon as the speakers respond with confirmation of their attendance. See you in Brussels!
Contributing to CentOS Pulse
We are always on the look-out for people who are interested in helping to:
report on CentOS community activity
provide a report from the SIG on which you participate
maintain a (sub-)section of the newsletter
write an article on an interesting person or topic
provide the hint, tip or trick of the month
Please see the page with further information about contributing. You can also contact the Promotion SIG, or just email Rich directly (rbowen@centosproject.org) with ideas or articles that you'd like to see in the next newsletter.


text:
Wendy Nielsen
KSEN/K96—Bozeman Trophy Athlete's of the Week both came out of last weekend's biggest game on the winning end.
With 1st place on the line in the Shelby-Fairfield girls game there were numerous big plays in the back and forth affair, but when it came to earning the top spot in the 1B District, our Athlete of the Week nailed it down. Shelby Jr. Maddison Underdal's two free throws that gave Shelby a 6-point win was exactly the number of points The Lady Coyotes needed to take over 1st place.
The game, of course, may have already been decided by then, but Underdal was also big in that aspect. Maddison shared scoring honors with Sr. Bailey Johnson at 9 each in a very balanced attack and a great team effort. She pulled down 7-rebounds in that game and averaged 6.5 for two games over the weekend. Underdal had more offensive rebounds than defensive and Coach Ryan McDermott noted that she is nearly always double teamed on the offensive end. She also had two deflections in the Fairfield game and in general played very tough defense.
Also nominated this week Tatum Hull of CJI who had 19-points, 3 assists and 8 rebounds in a Lady Hawks win over Chinook.
In the Browning game earlier in the week, Underdal led the team with 21 points and 6 rebounds as Shelby came back strong in the 4th quarter of that game but lost by 4.
Male Athlete of the Week honors go to one of the best players you'll find anywhere in Fairfield Sr. Keeley Bake. He not only puts up the numbers, but when you watch him play it seems that he has that rare ability to make happen exactly what needs to happen, with a pre-determined plan in mind.
In the Fairfield win over Shelby, Bake led all scorers with 24 points that included 11-15 from the free throw line and a number of those down the stretch with the game on the line. He had 19 in Fairfield's other win for the week, a runaway win over G.F. Central.
Congratulations to our KSEN/K96—Bozeman Trophy Athlete's of the Week, Jr. Maddison Underdal of Shelby and Sr. Keeley Bake of Fairfield. The Athlete of the Week is sponsored locally by McDonald's in Cut Bank. McDonald's honors our athlete's with two free value meals each.
Filed Under: Athlete of the Week
Categories: Athlete of the Week


This time of year it seems that everyone has the cruds. So, once I asked a group of senior citizens for some home remedies. They said, if a child has the cruds, put them in the shower, close the door, and get the bathroom steamy.
They shared lots of other home remedies. For example, put baking soda on a wasp sting. If you have a boil, put a piece of fat back on it. Ammonia is good for bug bites and jelly fish stings. If you have a migraine, put your feet in a basin of hot water and a bag of frozen vegetables on the back of your neck. If you have an eye infection, blink your eye in cold tea. The oddest one was, if you have a nose bleed, put a cold dinner knife between your shoulder blades. If you have the blues or you're under stress, eat chocolate.
The prophet Isaiah, gave his medical opinion: "You're done." (vs. 1). When you get a "thus says the Lord, you're done," then you're done.
Instead of doing his bucket list. He prayed. I mean he really prayed. He wailed and wept and threw himself before God.
Think of all the sick people you have known, who were at the point of death, and what they would have given for fifteen more years. In fifteen years, you could see your kids get married; you could see your grandchildren be born. Think how many more soccer games or football games for the grandkids you could see. Think how many more inspiring sermons you could hear! Who wouldn't want fifteen more years?
After this declaration by God of the healing of Hezekiah, then Isaiah took a home remedy, a lump of figs, or as some might call it, a mess of figs, and put it on the boils. Well, low and behold, Hezekiah got well. So, Isaiah took a home remedy, put it on the sick spot, and then he got well.
At the same time that Isaiah is proclaiming that Hezekiah is healed, he is also prescribing medicine for Hezekiah's illness. Isaiah gives God the credit for Hezekiah's healing, but he also says that the ointment of figs must be applied to his sickness if he is going to get well.
It is the approach called, "Say your prayers and take your medicine." In Hezekiah's situation, medicine without prayer had not quite gotten it done, but Isaiah seemed to think that prayer without medicine wasn't enough.
Medicine in that day, a lump of figs, was very primitive. A lump of figs then is now a CT scan, chemo, and radiation or at least an antibiotic.
The work of medicine was then, and is now a channel through which God's healing grace is brought to those who are sick and suffering. I believe that God is on the side of healing whether through doctors, nurses, technicians, therapists, pharmacists, and the rest. They become channels through which God's healing grace can flow to someone's life.
Thank God that we have access to great medical care in this community. But don't stop there; pray that the poor around the world can have the same.
It also wouldn't hurt to keep a mess of figs handy, just in case.