1David fled from Naioth in Ramah. He came before Jonathan and said, 'What have I done? What is my guilt? And what is my sin against your father that he is trying to take my life?' 2He said to him, 'Perish the thought! You shall not die. My father does nothing either great or small without disclosing it to me; and why should my father hide this from me? Never!' 3But David also swore, 'Your father knows well that you like me; and he thinks, "Do not let Jonathan know this, or he will be grieved." But truly, as the LORD lives and as you yourself live, there is but a step between me and death.' 4Then Jonathan said to David, 'Whatever you say, I will do for you.' 5David said to Jonathan, 'Tomorrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at the meal; but let me go, so that I may hide in the field until the third evening. 6If your father misses me at all, then say, "David earnestly asked leave of me to run to Bethlehem his city; for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family." 7If he says, "Good!" it will be well with your servant; but if he is angry, then know that evil has been determined by him. 8Therefore deal kindly with your servant, for you have brought your servant into a sacred covenant20.8 Heb a covenant of the LORD with you. But if there is guilt in me, kill me yourself; why should you bring me to your father?' 9Jonathan said, 'Far be it from you! If I knew that it was decided by my father that evil should come upon you, would I not tell you?' 10Then David said to Jonathan, 'Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?' 11Jonathan replied to David, 'Come, let us go out into the field.' So they both went out into the field.
12Jonathan said to David, 'By the LORD, the God of Israel! When I have sounded out my father, about this time tomorrow, or on the third day, if he is well disposed towards David, shall I not then send and disclose it to you? 13But if my father intends to do you harm, the LORD do so to Jonathan, and more also, if I do not disclose it to you, and send you away, so that you may go in safety. May the LORD be with you, as he has been with my father. 14If I am still alive, show me the faithful love of the LORD; but if I die,20.14 Meaning of Heb uncertain 15never cut off your faithful love from my house, even if the LORD were to cut off every one of the enemies of David from the face of the earth.' 16Thus Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, 'May the LORD seek out the enemies of David.' 17Jonathan made David swear again by his love for him; for he loved him as he loved his own life.
24So David hid himself in the field. When the new moon came, the king sat at the feast to eat. 25The king sat upon his seat, as at other times, upon the seat by the wall. Jonathan stood, while Abner sat by Saul's side; but David's place was empty.
30Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan. He said to him, 'You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother's nakedness? 31For as long as the son of Jesse lives upon the earth, neither you nor your kingdom shall be established. Now send and bring him to me, for he shall surely die.' 32Then Jonathan answered his father Saul, 'Why should he be put to death? What has he done?' 33But Saul threw his spear at him to strike him; so Jonathan knew that it was the decision of his father to put David to death. 34Jonathan rose from the table in fierce anger and ate no food on the second day of the month, for he was grieved for David, and because his father had disgraced him.


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text:
U.S. envoy heads to Mideast as pressure on Iran mounts
By World Tribune on June 20, 2019
by WorldTribune Staff, June 20, 2019
U.S. Special Representative for Iran Brian Hook is headed to the Persian Gulf region to hold meetings with key allies to "discuss Iran's regional aggression" and share U.S. intelligence "on the range of active threats Iran currently poses in the region," the State Department said.
The State Department said Hook would leave for the Middle East on June 20 and hold meetings in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, and Bahrain.
A U.S. Navy RQ-4A Global Hawk was shot down by an Iranian surface-to-air missile on June 19 in what U.S. Central Command leaders called an "unprovoked" strike.
Iran claimed the U.S. drone was over Iranian airspace when it was shot down, but American officials stated unequivocally the incident occurred in international airspace.
U.S. Central Command said in a statement that the drone was shot down at approximately 7:35 p.m. ET on Wednesday.
"Iranian reports that the aircraft was over Iran are false," Capt. Bill Urban, a U.S. Central Command spokesman, said in a statement. "This was an unprovoked attack on a U.S. surveillance asset in international airspace."
President Donald Trump has approved the deployment of 1,000 additional troops to the Middle East amid increased tensions with Iran. The new deployment will include a Patriot missile battalion, manned and unmanned surveillance aircraft and "other deterrence capabilities," the Pentagon said on June 19.
Recent attacks on oil tankers in the Gulf of Oman and near the Strait of Hormuz have exacerbated the situation, with Washington blaming Iran for the incidents.
Hook told the House Foreign Affairs Committee on June 18 that U.S. policy is aimed at bringing Iran to the negotiating table and not starting a new Middle East conflict.
"No one should be uncertain about our desire for peace or our readiness to normalize relations should we reach a comprehensive deal," Hook told the panel.
"We have put the possibility of a much brighter future on the table for the Iranian people," he added. "Our pressure campaign is working."
Democratic Rep. Ted Deutch of the Florida, the House committee chairman, questioned the administration policy, saying, "Rather than force Iran back to the negotiating table, the administration's policy is increasing the chances of miscalculation, which then would bring the United States and Iran closer to a military conflict."
Hook said that "our policy is at its core an economic and diplomatic one. Recently, however, Iran has responded to it with violence. Iran should meet diplomacy with diplomacy, not with terror, bloodshed, and extortion."
The State Department statement said that following his journey to the Middle East, Hook will travel to Europe for consultations with the so-called E3 — Britain, France, and Germany — on June 27 in Paris.
Brian Hook, Capt. Bill Urban, CENTCOM, RQ-4A Global Hawk, U.S. envoy heads to Mideast as pressure on Iran mounts, WorldTribune.com
U.S. envoy heads to Mideast as pressure on Iran mounts added by World Tribune on June 20, 2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What Impact Could You Have this September?
Imagine it's seven o'clock in the morning. You snooze your alarm a couple of times, get out of bed and run a steaming hot shower. When you get out 15 minutes later, you notice that the house plant your friend gave you for your birthday is looking a bit neglected. You grab a glass, fill it up at the sink and drown the plant back to life before rinsing last night's dishes and stacking them in the dishwasher. You turn on the coffee machine, use the toilet, grab a glass of water, brush your teeth and run out the door. When you get in the car, you realise you left your drink bottle on the kitchen bench. With no time to run back and get it, you go on your way. After all, there's water everywhere.
Your morning routine might seem pretty standard - but the harsh reality is that you used more safe water in your shower than someone in sub-Saharan Africa will use all day.
A huge 3.5 million people die from water and sanitation related causes each year, with 99 percent of these deaths occurring in the developing world. 650 million people worldwide don't have access to safe water at all. Water in rural Zimbabwe is collected from rivers. Many children contract preventable water borne diseases like diarrhoea, which kills more children than HIV/AIDS, malaria and measles combined. Others tragically drown while trying to fill their buckets. Women in sub-Saharan Africa spend a collective 16 million hours a day collecting drinking water while children spend four million hours each day. Water can be more than 15 kilometres away and is collected in heavy buckets, which are then balanced on their shoulders and heads as they return. Some areas have open wells, though they pose significant health and safety risks of their own. Parents fear that their children will fall into the open wells near schools. Teachers in some areas have stopped going to work because they fear water contamination. A lack of safe water has a flow on effect, impacting health, nutrition, education, livelihood and so much more. We need your help to provide safe water to rural Zimbabwe and reduce negative impacts on these communities.
We're not saying you should stop showering - but it's worth considering what impact you could have by drinking only water in September. Safe Water September is a challenge to drink nothing but water for the entire month of September. While doing this, we encourage you to raise funds for bore water projects in rural Zimbabwe. For every $20 you raise, one person will gain access to life-changing, life-saving safe water. We look forward to seeing you become a part of the challenge, and in turn, a part of the change.
Check out www.safewaterseptember.org.au to sign up today.


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Whatever you are looking for, Sarah Jane Kitchens can help. A genuinely local business, Sarah Jane Kitchens can provide all the big brand names such as Kitchen Stori, Second Nature Kitchens, Aisling Artisan Furniture, Neff, Bosch, Kessebohmer, and many more, but by always choosing local suppliers, furniture makers and fitters, be assured of peace of mind that comes with a personal service while supporting your local community.
We cover Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Wiltshire and the surrounding areas, for more information about the areas we cover please contact us.


14 years experience in Nutrition intervention programming and delivery, mainly in humanitarian and protracted relief contexts covering Uganda (refugees and IDPs), Southern Sudan (OLS), Zimbabwe, Darfur and Ethiopia and South Sudan. I have also undertaken nutrition advisory function for WFP in Ethiopia for a full year. I have also undertaken a regional review of supplementary feeding programmes (on behalf of WFP and in conjunction with Valid International) in Uganda, Kenya, DRC, Malawi and Zambia. Having both NGO and UN experience.


text:
package techreborn.world;

import net.minecraft.block.Block;
import net.minecraft.block.state.IBlockState;
import net.minecraft.util.EnumFacing;
import net.minecraft.util.math.BlockPos;
import net.minecraft.world.World;
import net.minecraft.world.gen.feature.WorldGenerator;
import net.minecraftforge.common.IPlantable;
import techreborn.Core;
import techreborn.blocks.BlockRubberLeaves;
import techreborn.blocks.BlockRubberLog;
import techreborn.init.ModBlocks;

import java.util.Random;

public class RubberTreeGenerator extends WorldGenerator {

	boolean isWorldGen = true;

	public RubberTreeGenerator() {
		super();
	}

	public RubberTreeGenerator(boolean isWorldGen) {
		super(!isWorldGen);
		this.isWorldGen = isWorldGen;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean generate(World worldIn, Random rand, BlockPos position) {
		int retries = rand.nextInt(3) + 2;
		for (int c = 0; c < retries; c++) {
			int x = position.getX() + 8 + rand.nextInt(16);
			int z = position.getZ() + 8 + rand.nextInt(16);
			int y = worldIn.getHeight(x, z) - 1;
			while (worldIn.isAirBlock(new BlockPos(x, y, z)) && y > 0) {
				y--;
			}
			if (!growTree(worldIn, rand, x, y + 1, z)) {
				retries--;
			}
		}

		return false;
	}

	public boolean growTree(World world, Random rand, int x, int y, int z) {
		int treeHeight = rand.nextInt(5) + Core.worldGen.config.rubberTreeConfig.treeBaseHeight;
		int worldHeight = world.getHeight();
		if (y >= 1 && y + treeHeight + 1 <= worldHeight) {
			int xOffset;
			int yOffset;
			int zOffset;
			IBlockState baseSate = world.getBlockState(new BlockPos(x, y - 1, z));
			Block baseBlock = baseSate.getBlock();
			boolean hasPlacedBlock = false;
			if (baseBlock != null && baseBlock.canSustainPlant(baseSate, world, new BlockPos(x, y - 1, z),
				EnumFacing.UP, (IPlantable) ModBlocks.RUBBER_SAPLING) && y < worldHeight - treeHeight - 1) {
				for (yOffset = y; yOffset <= y + 1 + treeHeight; ++yOffset) {
					byte radius = 1;
					if (yOffset == y) {
						radius = 0;
					}
					if (yOffset >= y + 1 + treeHeight - 2) {
						radius = 2;
					}
					if (yOffset >= 0 & yOffset < worldHeight) {
						for (xOffset = x - radius; xOffset <= x + radius; ++xOffset) {
							for (zOffset = z - radius; zOffset <= z + radius; ++zOffset) {
								IBlockState state = world.getBlockState(new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset));
								Block block = state.getBlock();

								if (block != null
									&& !(block.isLeaves(state, world, new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset))
									|| block.isAir(state, world, new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset))
									|| block.canBeReplacedByLeaves(state, world,
									new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset)))) {
									return false;
								}
							}
						}
					} else {
						return false;
					}
				}

				BlockPos treeBase = new BlockPos(x, y, z);
				BlockPos treeRoot = treeBase.down();
				IBlockState state = world.getBlockState(treeRoot);
				state.getBlock().onPlantGrow(state, world, treeRoot, treeBase);
				for (yOffset = y - 3 + treeHeight; yOffset <= y + treeHeight; ++yOffset) {
					int var12 = yOffset - (y + treeHeight), center = 1 - var12 / 2;
					for (xOffset = x - center; xOffset <= x + center; ++xOffset) {
						int xPos = xOffset - x, t = xPos >> 15;
						xPos = (xPos + t) ^ t;
						for (zOffset = z - center; zOffset <= z + center; ++zOffset) {
							int zPos = zOffset - z;
							zPos = (zPos + (t = zPos >> 31)) ^ t;
							IBlockState state1 = world.getBlockState(new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset));
							Block block = state1.getBlock();
							if (((xPos != center | zPos != center) || rand.nextInt(2) != 0 && var12 != 0)
								&& (block == null
								|| block.isLeaves(state1, world, new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset))
								|| block.isAir(state1, world, new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset))
								|| block.canBeReplacedByLeaves(state1, world,
								new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset)))) {
								this.setBlockAndNotifyAdequately(world, new BlockPos(xOffset, yOffset, zOffset),
									ModBlocks.RUBBER_LEAVES.getDefaultState());
								hasPlacedBlock = true;
							}
						}
					}
				}

				BlockPos topLogPos = null;
				for (yOffset = 0; yOffset < treeHeight; ++yOffset) {
					BlockPos blockpos = new BlockPos(x, y + yOffset, z);
					IBlockState state1 = world.getBlockState(blockpos);
					Block block = state1.getBlock();
					if (block == null || block.isAir(state1, world, blockpos) || block.isLeaves(state1, world, blockpos)
						|| block.isReplaceable(world, blockpos)) {
						IBlockState newState = ModBlocks.RUBBER_LOG.getDefaultState();
						boolean isAddingSap = false;
						if (rand.nextInt(Core.worldGen.config.rubberTreeConfig.sapRarity) == 0) {
							newState = newState.withProperty(BlockRubberLog.HAS_SAP, true)
								.withProperty(BlockRubberLog.SAP_SIDE, EnumFacing.getHorizontal(rand.nextInt(4)));
							isAddingSap = true;
						}
						if (isAddingSap) {
							world.setBlockState(blockpos, newState, 2);
						} else {
							this.setBlockAndNotifyAdequately(world, blockpos, newState);
						}
						hasPlacedBlock = true;
						topLogPos = blockpos;
					}
				}
				if (topLogPos != null) {
					for (int i = 0; i < Core.worldGen.config.rubberTreeConfig.spireHeight; i++) {
						BlockPos spikePos = topLogPos.up(i);
						this.setBlockAndNotifyAdequately(world, spikePos, ModBlocks.RUBBER_LEAVES.getDefaultState()
							.withProperty(BlockRubberLeaves.DECAYABLE, true));
					}
				}
			}
			return hasPlacedBlock;
		}
		return false;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


According to a leading market research report, for the past five-year period, MHPS has obtained the world's leading market share at 40%, for facilities with a combined 41,500 MW of output.
MHPS has consolidated the environmental technologies for thermal power plants that were developed and accumulated by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) and Hitachi, Ltd., giving it the capacity to offer an integrated Air Quality Control System (AQCS) comprising FGD, denitrification, and dust collection systems. This centralization has established a foundation for MHPS as the world's only manufacturer able to independently offer proposals and provide these systems. Our world-leading technologies greatly reduce air pollutants such as sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx), and particulate matters, helping to significantly improve the global environment.
"I am proud that MHPS retained its top position in the market for 100 MW and above gas turbines during 2018, and was also able to expand its lead in FGD systems to gain a majority market share. We will continue to accurately assess customer needs and refine our technologies, to continue leading the industry in providing environmentally-friendly, comprehensive technologies," said MHPS President and CEO, Ken Kawai.


Banon resorts, Manali is an expression of a family's efforts towards perfection spanning over a hundred years. The resort is a combination of traditional architecture and modern designs which blends beautifully into the environment and offers its residents the best of both worlds.
Centrally heated Conference Hall with all modern sound and audio-visual equipment and secretarial services. Arrangements on request with extra charge for local cultural evenings, Bar-be-Que, Bonfire, Theme Parties etc can be made.
Unwind with specialty Dinners or simply order in your suite whenever the mood strikes: An array of culinary delights and sumptuous buffets make this Multi-Cuisine Restaurant an ideal venue for a luncheon meeting and a relaxed dinner. You can also choose from a wide Ala Carte menu to relish the food of your choice.You can enjoy views of Manali Valley while you dine. Without doubt, it is the favorite place of all for major business travelers and corporate. It has already managed some of the high profile dinners and parties, organized by various corporate from time to time.


text:
351 F. 2d 618 - Carlin v. United States
351 F2d 618 Carlin v. United States
Eugene Joseph CARLIN, Appellant,
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee.
United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit.
Oct. 18, 1965.
Edward R. Kirkland, Orlando, Fla., for appellant.
Edward F. Boardman, U.S. Atty., Tampa, Fla., for appellee.
Before JONES and BELL, Circuit Judges, and JOHNSON, District Judge.
The appellant was convicted for violation of the statute on bail jumping. 18 U.S.C.A. 3146. Two questions are presented on appeal: whether the motion for judgment of acquittal should be granted and whether the appellant was prejudiced by comments of the prosecuting attorney in his address to the jury. It is enough to say with respect to the first question that the evidence presented a jury issue, and it was not error to deny the motion for judgment of acquittal. In his statement to the jury, counsel for the Government said that the defendant, who is the appellant here, 'has yet to say where he was-- where he had gone, insofar as the record is concerned-- it is silent.' This statement is clearly a comment upon the failure of the appellant to testify as a defendant in a criminal cause. It is clearly prejudicial. Fowler v. United States, 5 Cir., 310 F.2d 66. The judgment of conviction and sentence must be reversed and remanded for a new trial.


Jo Sevarts is the global leader of the Insurance sector. His ambition is to significantly grow the business in the Insurance industry in Europe, US and APAC. Jo is leading multi-disciplined teams in ICT industry for more than 25 years and has deep knowledge and expertise of Banking, Insurance and Pensions. On top of his mind is ensuring high customer satisfaction and creating added value with innovative solutions. He has strong capabilities in people management and is always focused on developing long-term relationships with clients and partners.


text:
Q: How do I sort a list of tuples by both elements? I have a list of tuples, for example [(1800, 3), (4000, 5), (1999, 4), (2000, 1), (2001, 2)]. I need a list of a set length (3, for example) using any combination of these tuples where BOTH elements are sorted in ascending order, like [(2000, 1), (2001, 2), (4000, 5)]. So [(1800, 3), (1999, 4), (2000, 1)] wouldn't work because it's sorted by the first element but not the second. Is it possible to sort a list the way I need?

A: This is not really a sorting problem; it is a kind of search problem, since you're searching for a subset of the elements which satisfies some criteria.
You can solve it as follows. Sort the list normally, i.e. by first component (using the second component as a tie-breaker); then you are looking for an increasing subsequence in the second component. You can find a longest increasing subsequence using a standard algorithm. If this subsequence is not long enough, then there is no solution (so return None or raise an error); if it is longer than necessary, then simply slice it to the right size.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
A New Yorker Recalls 9/11/01
Jin Ah Jin Send an email September 11, 2013
Our phone rang and it was my children's grandparents on the line. Usually they did not call this early so I was a bit worried something may have happened to them. I had just dropped of my two girls at school and was feeding my baby daughter breakfast.
My husband at the time groggily told me a plane had hit the World Trade Center. My response was, "Don't worry, it was made to withstand planes hitting it." You see several months earlier I had spoken with my friend, Taesun Hong, a world-renowned architect who at the time was a partner at Yamasaki Associates with Mr. Minoru Yamasaki, the architect had designed the World Trade Center. I had asked him the question about "what if" an airplane hit the World Trade Center and he had explained to me the core and the way it was built.
We told the grandparents not to worry and started getting ready for our day when the telephone rang again. Another plane had hit the second Tower. I rushed out of my chair to turn on the television as my heart started racing, muttering, "Something is not right." As the television came on, we saw the Towers on fire and the replay of the planes.
My heart pounded, watching. This was not right. Something was not right. It was all wrong! My eyes stayed glued to the television, watching the scene, looking for my friends. I had worked in both Towers during the late 80s for two different banks and the third company I had worked for had offices there as well; thus I had been in and out of both buildings quite frequently.
I watched as the people came running out of the smoking buildings, the firemen and policemen. I watched in horror as they showed human beings jumping out of the windows to their deaths, thinking over and over "this can't be real" while at the same time praying that my friends were safe.
As we watched the replay over and over, they began reporting that there was another plane that had been headed for D.C. and had just hit the Pentagon. My heart quickened. We lived just 20 miles away from the Pentagon. My neighbor, one of my good friends, worked there; I was her emergency contact. My husband went to check on my friend and, thank God, she was home and had taken the day off! I started calling my friend at the Samsung building directly across from the Towers and no one was answering the phones.
I was barely holding it together as they flipped back to one of the Towers as it started falling down–and I couldn't hold back anymore.
My daughter clung to me as I sobbed, not knowing what was going on or why I was crying. My husband came over and we all held each other in shock as my body just shook, tears streaming down my face. We saw the people running, ash clinging to their faces and bodies. I could not take my eyes off the devastating scene–and then my body almost went into shock as we saw the second Tower burn.
I sat in front of the television all day crying listening for any bit of news I could get. President Bush had come on and he had broken down in tears, too. This was crazy. What world are we living in? Will we be alive tomorrow? The questions, the uncertainty running through my brain and my heart, about our future and our lives began hitting home.
All day, I thought of the faces of all my colleagues and the people I had met during those days working in the Towers. I thought of the walk down pathway from the subway to the news shop in the downstairs mezzanine, where the sunny smile of the beautiful man from Jamaica used to greet me every morning as we chatted about how the day would go. The jokes, the office parties, the office breaks and hanging out after work with those friends at South Street Seaport…I thought of Christmas Eve day when it started snowing and the way it looked out of my office window, looking at the other Tower. So many memories hitting me like a hurricane.
My husband pointed out to me that it was September 11. The only significance that date had held for me was that it was my friend's daughter's birthday. But by now we all knew this was no accident. This was deliberate.
Who were these people? Who were these awful people that wanted to kill so many innocents? And for what purpose? Wives, sisters, mothers, brothers, fathers, sons, daughters, uncles, aunts, and friends–all beloved by someone.
Later of course, we found out it was the same people that had tried bombing the Towers before by putting a bomb in a truck in the parking garage.
When you live in NYC and work in certain buildings, you get used to the bomb threats so it's no big deal and things happen all the time and you go on with your day. This was not the ordinary day.
As I continued watching the news coverage that day, I again tried calling my friend and colleague at Samsung where I was an events contractor. She finally answered and told me how everyone was at the windows, crying, and you could still hear her tears as my tears started flowing again. Neither of us could believe it but we knew the reality of what had just happened. She said the smoke and the fire was still going on but everyone was afraid to move. They had all checked on their families but were told to remain in the office until they knew if it was safe to leave. We hung up the phone. I had a meeting there on September 12 but we canceled it to the 13th.
On the 13th I drove up to NYC to pick up my friend. It was quieter but you could see the devastating effects on people's faces. You could still see the smoke and the ash. We drove across the GW Bridge then went on to Samsung Headquarters office building in Ridgefield Park. I stood at the window looking over the river to the smoke and the missing outline of a place where I had once spent the majority of my waking hours. Again, the tears came quickly.
We did our business and I drove home. It was a long drive full of memories. Thousands of people had just perished. Time could never wash that away.
As I write this, my stomach is churning and hurting again. My tears are streaming down my face. The faces of my friends are running through my mind and heart and I feel such a terrible loss. I also feel like, it could have been me, if I had not decided to take a different course in life. I also feel guilt at being alive and they are not. Once again, 12 years later, my head feels the weight of the knowledge that thousands died.
Last year, still burdened by the pain of 9/11/01, Americans experienced yet another tragedy—again at the hands of al Qaeda—on 9/11/12. You would think things would have changed and gotten better; that we would have made the world safer—but it seems to be the opposite. And on the eve of 9-11, Hillary "what difference does it make" Clinton will be receiving an award from the National Constitution Center, the Liberty Medal.
Now we have the explosive situation in Syria in which the majority of Americans are opposing an attack.
On this 9-11, do you feel safe?
Jin Ah Jin
Virginia PolitiChick Jin Ah Jin has been the lead in campaigns for many politicians, including Ken Cuccinelli for both State Senate and Attorney General and she was appointed the Honorary Chairman for the Fairfax County Asian American Coalition for the McCain/ Palin campaign. Jin also assists in local minority grassroots politics in her state of Virginia. She believes if we can elect and support good officials whose root is the care of their constituents, then we can change things. In her past, Jin worked as a volunteer fundraiser for Mercy Corps raising awareness and money for the health and poverty of women and children in North Korea. She was also a volunteer fundraiser for the Korean American Association of Greater Washington, D.C. area and led the Education Committee to teach English for newly arrived legal immigrants to the area. In conjunction, she worked with the office of former Congressman Thomas Davis, who took the lead on reforms in the welfare bill for legal immigrants. Jin was a former Vice President of Resources, board member and Fundraising Gala chair for the Korean American Coalition of Washington, D.C. in 2001. She was on the Scholarship Committee and the co-chair of the golf tournament fundraiser for the U.S. Pan Asian American Chamber of Commerce 2003-2006. More importantly, Jin is the mother of 6 children. She says her passion for service is led through her children's eyes: "I want change for my children. I want them to have a future where their dreams can become reality and where they can succeed without prejudice."
Boston Lawsuit Against "Indoctrination" (aka The Pledge of Allegiance)


text:
Mama Qucha
in Inca , South America
Description of Mama Qucha
Mama Quacha, in the Inca religion, was the goddess of the sea, lakes and of fish. Her name means 'Sea Mother' or 'Mother of Lakes'. Her role within the wider Incan mythology is to provide the world with strength, and to ensure that water sources remain plentiful. She is the guardian of sailors and fishermen.
General Inca description
The Inca Empire existed in South America, in the area that is modern day Peru and Bolivia, from the early 13th Century until it's last city was taken by the Spanish conquest in 1572. It was the largest and most developed empire in the Americas before the arrival of the Spanish. The Incan Empire was defined by its impressive and enormous architecture – the most famous being Machu Picchu which was constructed using stone blocks that fit together so tightly that a knife would not fit between the building stones. Incan pyramids survive to this day, sustained without any need for mortar within the stonework. The Empire also features an extensive network of roads that served to connect even the most remote outposts of the territory. The Inca produced fine woven textiles (featuring architectural motifs) and were particularly inventive when it came to communication, organisation and labor. The majority of the Inca lived at a particularly high altitude in the Andean mountains, and so their agriculture practices were both impressive and innovative . The Incas were polytheists who worshipped many gods. They believed in reincarnation and human sacrifice. They did not use money or exchange goods using markets. Inca culture was built upon reciprocity. Each individual paid something like a tax to the Empire through labor, while the emperor and nobles would throw feasts and sponsor festivals for their subjects. After the fall of the Inca Empire many features of Inca culture were destroyed by the Spanish. Huge numbers of Inca were devastated by the rapid spread of smallpox, another effect of the invasion. Other diseases soon followed. As such, much of the culture and many Incan innovations have been lost to history.
Inca South America
Mama Sara
Mama Allpa
Pacha Kamaq
Mama Killa
Cavillace
Supay
Urquchillay
Inca – All category symbols


Grace Ellen is a self-taught landscape artist, inspired by the great diversity seen in British nature and wildlife. At first glance, Grace's paintings are almost photographic, a longer look reveals a painterly quality. This is created through her intuitive use of different texture mediums, sprays and inks alongside the paint.


text:
Q: How to test Azure Data factory linked service using API I am trying to create and use Azure data factory by Rest API but while creation of linked service connection has created successfully but when I checked connection it got failed so is there anything to do test connection by API or PowerShell command.

A: There is no this method in Microsoft documentation.You can track this feature here.
But there is a blog about testing link service by PowerShell.Here is the script on github.
Hope this can help you.

A: Now, you can use one of cmdlet in azure.datafactory.tools PowerShell module:
Test connection of Linked Service (preview)
# Example 1
$LinkedServiceName = 'AzureSqlDatabase1'
Test-AdfLinkedService @params -LinkedServiceName $LinkedServiceName

Alternatively, if you prefer, you can run such test as part of your CI/CD process in Azure DevOps installing #adftools extension, which uses the same PS module behind the scenes.
More: https://sqlplayer.net/adftools
Disclaimer: I'm author of the tool.


text:
Emil Rieve (June 8, 1892 – January 24, 1975) was an American labor leader. He was president of the Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) from 1939 to 1956, a vice president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) from 1939 to 1955, and a vice president of the AFL-CIO from 1955 to 1960.

Emil Rieve was born in Poland and moved to Pennsylvania as a child. He left school early and first became a union member at age fifteen, quickly rising within the union hierarchy. He organized his first strike in 1930 in Reading, Pennsylvania. His aggressive drives to unionize the region's textile workers and achieve union recognition led to the Reading Formula of 1933 in negotiating with the National Labor Board, a precedent which resolved large numbers of other labor disputes. Rieve was a major figure in the unsuccessful textile workers strike of 1934. When the Congress of Industrial Organizations formed the following year, Rieve received international recognition for his efforts to avoid a rift with the American Federation of Labor.

In 1937 Rieve pioneered a successful sit-down strike of 50,000 textile workers that resulted in wage increases. He became acting chairman of the Textile Workers Organizing Committee in 1938 and organized the Textile Workers Union of America in 1939. The union was quite strong under Rieve's stewardship and he played a role in the merger of the AFL with the CIO in 1952.

Early life
Rieve was born in Żyrardów County in Congress Poland in 1892 to Fred and Pauline (née Lange) Rieve. The family was Lutheran, and Fred Rieve was a machinist who tended textile machines.

Rieve attended a local elementary school. But the family emigrated to the United States in 1904, interrupting Rieve's education. The Rieves settled in central Pennsylvania, and Emil found work in a hosiery mill.  He married Laura Wosnack in July 1916. They had a son, Harold.

Early union career
In 1907, at the age of 15, Rieve joined the American Federation of Hosiery Workers (AFHW), a semi-autonomous division of the United Textile Workers of America (UTW), an affiliate of the American Federation of Labor. His rise in the union was meteoric: At the age of 22, he was elected a vice president of the AFHW, became the division's president in 1929 at the age of 35, and joined the national UTW executive board in 1934.

Organizing and the Reading Formula
Rieve was committed to organizing new members in the hosiery industry. In November 1930, Rieve authorized a strike among hosiery workers in the mills around Reading, Pennsylvania. The strike collapsed after heavy employer opposition. Rieve then tried a new tactic: The union agreed to a 30 percent wage cut in the expectation that non-union mills would lower their wages below the new union level. This would trigger a massive strike, enabling the AFHW to move in and organize the workers. Roughly 3,000 workers, or about a third of the total number in the industry, struck. Rieve purposefully withheld strike aid to the workers in an attempt to increase the radicalism of the workers and raise the demand for a union. But employers were content to idle plants in the depths of the Great Depression, and the strike lingered for nearly a year. Admitting defeat, Rieve signed a new contract in September 1932.

Just three months later, Rieve led his division in approving yet another large organizing drive. Again aimed at workers in the Reading area, Rieve declared war "against industrial slavery [and] starvation wages". The organizing drive began in the summer of 1933. The employers refused to recognize the union, and 10,000 workers went on strike. On August 10, 1933, the National Labor Board mediated a settlement which established the "Reading formula." The "Reading formula" was a major step forward in the conceptualization of American labor law, for it established the principle of secret-ballot elections as a means of determining union support among workers at a plant.

1934 national textile strike

By 1934, despite Rieve's organizing drive and conditions favorable to union organizing created by the depression, the UTW still had only 80,000 paying members (making it one of the smaller unions in the AFL).

The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933 had authorized the establishment of "industry codes" to regulate wages, hours and working conditions in every industry in the United States. But employers not only heavily influenced the writing of the code, they also dominated the board adjudicating alleged violations of the code. The code led to few improvements in the textile industry. For example, when workers won shorter hours, employers made an end-run around the restriction by speeding up work.

Newly elected to the UTW executive board, Rieve was one of several national union leaders who pressed for the union to threaten a nationwide strike in order to win improvements in the NIRA code. The strike was a mere threat, as UTW had no resources to undertake a nationwide strike. Nevertheless, the National Recovery Administration agreed to provide UTW leaders with a voice on the code adjudicatory board. UTW agreed to cancel the strike.

Local UTW leaders, however, refused to call off the strike. Locals in northern Alabama struck on July 18, and the strike swept through the Deep South. UTW was forced to call a special convention on August 13 to address the crisis. The UTW drew up a list of demands, which mill owners ignored. Nevertheless, the strike enjoyed initial success. In many counties, 80 percent of workers walked out. Nationwide, almost 400,000 textile workers left their jobs, an astonishing number in the middle of the depression.

Mill owners and state and local government officials worked together to put down the strike. State and local officials hired hundreds of "special deputies" to guard plants, prevent strikers from closing plants, protect replacement workers from harassment and intimidation, and (in some cases) to beat strikers and break up picket lines. The governors of Connecticut, Maine, North Carolina, Rhode Island and South Carolina ordered out the National Guard. The governors of Georgia and Rhode Island also declared martial law. In Georgia, the governor ordered the arrest of all picketers and held hundreds in a former World War I prisoner of war camp.

Violence also broke out. Three picketers and mill guard were shot to death in Georgia. Six picketers were killed and more than 20 wounded in South Carolina. A picketer was murdered in Rhode Island when National Guardsmen fired into a crowd attempting to storm a rayon knitting mill.

After a mere 22 days, the strike was over. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had established a mediation board in the first week of the strike. The board recommended further study, that workers return to work, and that employers rehire workers without discriminating against strikers. With the UTW able to provide staff, financial resources and strike benefits in only a few places and for a small number of workers, the strike collapsed. Employees attempted to return to work, but mill owners refused to rehire the strikers.  Although the 1934 textile strike was a major defeat for Rieve and the UTW, the union did sign up thousands of new members and declared victory nonetheless.

Other activities
Rieve was also active in politics. In 1932, he led a successful push to get the UTW to call for the establishment of a new political party beholden solely to the labor movement. A socialist, Rieve resigned his membership in the Socialist Party of America and supported the new American Labor Party.

Rieve also was a committed industrial unionist. The UTW itself was an amalgamated union, a form of industrial union. Rieve's experiences in attempting to organize new members had convinced him that industrial unionism was the key to building the labor movement. In 1934, Rieve convinced UTW delegates to approve a resolution supporting industrial unionism. This philosophical commitment would prove to be pivotal in Rieve's life.

Textile Workers Organizing Committee
In 1935, the American labor movement split over the question of craft versus industrial unionism. The Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) formed on November 9, 1935, and UTW president Thomas McMahon was one of the Committee's charter members.

Rieve and McMahon refused to surrender their principles. The two leaders secured passage in December 1935 of a UTW executive council resolution supporting the CIO. In July 1936, Rieve and McMahon gained additional support when the UTW convention approved the formation of the CIO and the UTW's membership in the organization. The AFL executive council "tried" the members of the CIO from July 8 to July 15, 1936, and expelled the UTW and the other CIO member unions on September 5.

Rieve, however, continued to hold out an olive branch to the AFL. In September 1936, he won AFHW support for a resolution asking the AFL to reconsider the expulsion of the CIO unions. Rieve was unable to organize many new members. Despite meetings with John Brophy, the CIO's organizing director, the CIO did not consider any major organizing effort in textiles. The UTW's finances were in such poor shape that the union actually cut the number of staff organizers by 20 percent. And despite conditions conducive to organizing, the union established only nine new locals between September 1936 and February 1937. Nevertheless, Rieve became known internationally for his efforts, and was appointed to the national committee of the International Labour Organization.

Collective bargaining
For most of the next three years, Rieve attempted to fend off a series of attacks on the division's collective bargaining agreements. About a third of the UTW's membership came from the hosiery division in early 1937, and Rieve was in many ways the UTW's true leader.  In the spring of 1937, Rieve led 15,000 Pennsylvania hosiery workers out on strike for a new contract. Pioneering use of the sit-down strike, the strikers successfully closed the mills. The strike's success spread until more than 50,000 union workers were on strike. Rieve eventually signed an agreement giving workers wage increases of 8 to 10 percent.

In early 1938, however, Rieve was forced to act against his own union members. The recession of 1937 had led to a significant worsening of economic conditions. Union members in Philadelphia demanded a pay increase. Rieve argued that the union had only managed to stop a wage giveback; there was no possibility of securing a wage increase. Nevertheless, workers at more than 50 hosiery plants in the Philadelphia area struck on March 1, 1938. Rieve declared the strike to be "illegal" and actively supported employer and government efforts to end the job action. When the new union contract was signed in mid-July, Rieve and the AFHW had successfully resisted employer demands to cut wages but were forced to agree to a contract clause barring strikes and lockouts for the term of the three-year agreement.  Rieve rose to national prominence through his astute leadership of the AFHW. After passage of the Fair Labor Standards Act in June 1938, Rieve was appointed to a federal committee to determine minimum wages in the textile industry.

Formation and leadership of TWOC
In February 1937, McMahon resigned the presidency of UTW to take a state government job in Rhode Island. He was succeeded by Francis J. Gorman.  Meanwhile, the CIO had achieved sudden and large organizing victories in steel, automobile manufacturing and the rubber industry. The organizing victory in steel had come after the CIO had co-opted the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (the AA), using the long-established but moribund union as a means of legitimizing the CIO's efforts in organizing the steel industry. CIO leaders had forced the AA to become part of a new, centrally-run, and efficient organizing project, the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (SWOC).

CIO leaders had little confidence in Gorman or the UTW. Gorman had overseen the ill-fated 1934 textile strike. The UTW staff was considered incompetent, and politically behold to McMahon's relatively conservative policies. Rieve coveted the presidency of UTW, and worked to undercut Gorman at every turn—even when that meant disagreeing with actions he himself would otherwise support. Worst of all, UTW was practically bankrupt. Only the hosiery and dyers divisions were self-supporting, and Gorman was actually seeking a $5,000 loan from the CIO to keep the national union afloat.

From a strategic perspective, UTW was ill-equipped to organize in textiles. Although there were more than 1 million workers in the industry, "textiles" was actually more than 10 distinct industries. Each had its own markets, technology, and labor force. Workers rarely moved between segments of the industry, for their skills were not normally transferable. More than 6,000 textile firms existed, almost none of them strategic. The geographic spread of the industry encompassed 29 states, with nearly 75 percent of all textile employment in the virulently anti-union Deep South.

But Sidney Hillman, president of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and a CIO vice president, was adamant that the CIO undertake a comprehensive organizing drive in textiles. Now, two years after the victories in steel and automobiles, Hillman pressured CIO leaders to force the UTW into an agreement similar to that which had created SWOC. On May 9, 1937, the Textile Workers Organizing Committee (TWOC) was formed. Hillman was named the chairman, and Thomas Kennedy of the United Mine Workers its secretary-treasurer. The committee's other five members included Gorman and Rieve.

TWOC organized impressive numbers of workers in its first six months. By September 1937, TWOC had organized 215,000 workers, most of them in the Northeast. But the recession of 1937 led to layoffs and sharp drops in TWOC membership. Additionally, Hillman fell critically ill in October 1937. He did not return to the committee's leadership until April 1938, and Rieve (not Thomas) was named the committee's acting chairman. Meanwhile, TWOC opened its organizing drive in the Deep South, but its efforts against the "fortress of southern cotton" proved fruitless. By the spring of 1939, after 18 months of work, TWOC could count only 27,000 Southern members—less than 7 percent of the region's textile workers.

Formation of TWUA
Rieve's tenure as acting chairman saw the beginning of events which would seriously affect the union in the 1950s. The first was Rieve's ejection of the New Bedford Textile Council. The council, a federation of seven textile unions in New Bedford, Massachusetts, had been confronted by an employer demand in January 1938 to cut wages by 12.5 percent. Rather than stay silent and acquiesce in the wage cut, the council formally approved the wage reduction. The action not only angered other New England locals, but undercut TWOC organizing efforts in the region. Determined to uphold the authority of TWOC and concerned that the council's action might spark a revolt by other New England local unions, Rieve revoked the charters of the seven locals.

In late 1938, TWOC also saw a revolt from within. Hillman distrusted Gorman, and clearly favored Rieve as the leader of the union which would emerge once TWOC's organizing drives concluded. Gorman and other disgruntled UTW leaders filed suit against TWOC, claiming that UTW funds had been illegally appropriated by TWOC. A Rhode Island superior court ruled on November 30, 1938, that the TWOC-UTW agreement of March 9 was invalid. Gorman then denounced TWOC and Hillman, and sought to re-affiliate UTW with the AFL. On December 28, 1938, Gorman led a convention of 21 delegates in voting for affiliation with the AFL. The AFL executive council approve the affiliation on February 3, 1939.

Hillman and the TWOC leadership branded Gorman a traitor and replaced him with George Baldanzi, president of the UTW's dyers division.

Realizing that the March 9 agreement might not survive court scrutiny, Hillman, Rieve and Baldanzi called a convention of UTW and TWOC locals for May 15, 1939. The convention voted to merge the two organizations into a new union, the Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA). Rieve was elected president, and Baldanzi vice president. Both elections were unanimous.

TWUA presidency
Emil Rieve's tenure as president of the TWUA saw the union's prestige and importance soar during World War II and falter in the 1950s. The union's decline in the 1960s finally led Rieve to retire. Rieve was elected a vice president of the CIO in 1939 after his election as TWUA president.

In 1940, Rieve established a Southern organizing committee and pushed the union deeper into politics. With himself as the head of the organizing project, the union organized Marshall Field's, Lane Cotton and the Erwin Cotton Mills—the latter the first of the "big four" North Carolina cotton mills to be organized. Rieve also kept the union politically active, making the TWUA one of the first labor organizations to endorse Franklin D. Roosevelt for president for reelection in 1940.

But in May 1941, the New Bedford Textile Council affiliated with the AFL's UTW, providing the rump union with a significant boost. Soon the UTW had defeated the TWUA in elections in Massachusetts and Tennessee, and was beginning to challenge the TWUA in the Northeast.

In March 1941, President Roosevelt created the National Defense Mediation Board, and appointed Rieve as an alternative labor representative. The board had been created to help resolve collective bargaining disputes in defense production, transportation and raw materials industries. The United Mine Workers were fighting for the closed shop when the board's public and employer representatives voted that the issue should be submitted to binding arbitration. Angry that the board would not order the mine owners to submit to the closed shop, Rieve and the other CIO members of the board resigned.  After the attack on Pearl Harbor, however, the president established the War Labor Board on January 12, 1942, to arbitrate labor disputes and wage settlements. Rieve was appointed as an alternate to the board and served throughout the war. But Rieve and other labor representatives left the body in early 1945 after the public and employer members of the board refused to approve sizeable post-war wage increases for union members. Rieve released the TWUA from its wartime no-strike pledge shortly thereafter.

Although Rieve had purged his union of communists in the mid-1930s, he found himself accused of communist dictatorship in 1944. American Labor Party (ALP) leader Sidney Hillman felt that the 1944 presidential election would be a close one in New York state. Hillman proposed that communists be permitted to play a role in the party, hoping to tip the state toward Roosevelt. ALP leader David Dubinsky felt the communists should be expelled from the ALP. Rieve supported Hillman. Rieve was labeled a communist, and Samuel Baron (the general manager of the TWUA) resigned in protest from the union. Nevertheless, Hillman's proposal won the approval of ALP delegates, and Roosevelt easily carried New York in the general election.

In 1945, Rieve was a member of a CIO delegation to the Soviet Union. He was an ardent anti-communist, however, and strongly criticized the Soviet Union afterward. Two years later, Rieve became one of the first CIO leaders to sign the non-communist oath required by the Taft-Hartley Act.

Secession movement
In 1948, Rieve expelled his old division, the American Federation of Hosiery Workers, from the TWUA. The division, which had 20,000 members, was a major backer of TWUA executive vice-president George Baldanzi. Baldanzi was strongly critical of Rieve's leadership of the union, and argued that Rieve was not doing enough to organize new members or win contract improvements. When the Hosiery Workers withheld dues in protest of the Rieve administration's policies, Rieve pulled the division's charter.

The tension between Rieve and Baldanzi worsened over the next two years. In May 1950, Rieve attempted to unseat Baldanzi as executive vice-president. Baldanzi, however, beat back the attempt and retained his seat. Rieve then tried to amend the TWUA constitution to remove the executive vice-president from the line of succession if the president should fall ill or die. This attempt, too, was defeated.

Rieve fired Samuel Baron, a Baldanzi supporter and the regional director of the TWUA in Canada, in March 1951. Baron retained his elected position as a TWUA vice president, however. For the next four months, the TWUA was roiled by the firing, with the Baldanzi faction attempting to overturn Baron's dismissal and drive Rieve from office. In early June, the TWUA executive council upheld Rieve's action, albeit by a slim majority. Six weeks later, the Baldanzi faction announced a "democracy movement" within the TWUA and submitted a full slate of candidates to challenge Rieve for leadership of the union.

In August 1951, the AFHWA re-affiliated with the American Federation of Labor.  On April 30, 1952, TWUA delegates re-elected Rieve as president of the union. The vote was 1,223 to 720, although most observers claimed this was a startlingly close election given Rieve's near-total control over the union. The convention was a contentious one. Delegates engaged in heated debate, with many exchanges devolving into shouting matches. Rieve was forced to alter a number of his policy decisions in order to win delegate support. On the last day of the convention, Rieve fulfilled one such pledge by announcing that he was resigning from the Wage Stabilization Board in the midst of a major dispute over steelworker wages in order to devote more time to union business and less to government and other duties.

Baldanzi, no longer an office-holder in the TWUA, announced he had been hired as an organizer with the American Federation of Labor and would be working with the TWUA's arch-rival, the United Textile Workers. He called for disaffected TWUA locals to follow him into the AFL. A number of local TWUA union presidents and leaders followed him into the UTW as organizers.

Over the next several months, nearly 40 TWUA locals representing 20,000 members—about 2 percent of the union's membership—attempted to disaffiliate from the national union and join the AFL. The secession movement was a national one, involving locals in Canada, Maine, the Carolinas and mid-Atlantic states. Rieve accused Baldanzi and the dissident locals of dual unionism. Rieve induced CIO president Philip Murray to threaten wholesale raiding of AFL unions if the UTW accepted the breakaway locals into that union. Rieve suspended local officials, trusteed local unions, impounded local union funds and padlocked local union offices, and sent national staff into wavering locals to shore up support for the TWUA. By August, more than 50,000 TWUA members had left the union for the UTW. But Rieve's actions blunted the secession movement. High-level talks between AFL and CIO leaders eventually put a stop to the raids.

The crisis severely weakened Rieve's political position within the union, and led to collective bargaining difficulties. Membership losses were particularly high in the South and Canada. Although most of Rieve's political opponents had left the TWUA for the UTW, the secession movement led many of the remaining members to question Rieve's leadership of the union. The union's finances were significant affected by the disaffiliations, forcing members to raise dues to cover a budget shortfall. Rieve claimed that only 12,500 members had disaffiliated, but admitted that the union's membership had fallen by 400,000 as it defended itself from raids rather than organized new members.

The secession movement in the TWUA in 1952 aided in the merger between the AFL and CIO in 1955. Both Philip Murray and William Green had died in November 1952. The sudden outbreak of raiding deeply alarmed their successors, Walter Reuther and George Meany. The dissension within the TWUA led to a series of "no-raid" pacts between the AFL and CIO, agreements which helped pave the way for eventual merger of the two labor federations. Rieve played an important role in the AFL-CIO merger talks, pushing for merger as a solution to raiding and serving on various merger committees.

Other activities
After the merger of the AFL and CIO, Rieve was elected a vice president of the merged labor federation.  As Rieve's position within the TWUA deteriorated, however, he became nationally-known for a pushing a variety of causes. He stridently attacked the Taft-Hartley Act, and declared that the law had permitted Southern textile executives to engage in a "widespread conspiracy" to destroy the union's Southern locals. He was a vocal and extremely critical opponent of President Dwight Eisenhower, and acted as the AFL-CIO's point man against the president while Meany and other leaders muted their criticism. Despite public disavowals of his extreme attacks on the administration, AFL-CIO leaders privately supported his actions and in 1955 he was named to an AFL-CIO committee on economic policy.

Rieve continued to play a role in international affairs as well. When Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev visited the U.S. for 13 days in September 1959, Rieve was a member of an AFL-CIO delegation which met with Khrushchev for three and a half hours in a closed-door session. He excoriated Soviet labor union officials for being puppets of the Communist regime and attacked Khrushchev as a dictator and war-monger.

Retirement and death
Faced with rapidly declining membership, the 63-year-old Rieve retired as TWUA president at the union's ninth biennial convention in 1956. However, he continued to serve on the union's executive board as chairman until 1960. He was named "president emeritus" and given a lifetime annuity of $15,000 a year.

Rieve was forced to retire from the TWUA executive board in 1964. During a speech at the union's biennial convention, Rieve blasted the union's leadership for allowing the membership to fall to a mere 127,000 and for failing to organize non-union plants. Rieve retired as a vice president of the AFL-CIO after losing his TWUA office. Although Rieve had pushed for his successor, William Pollock, to be elected to the AFL-CIO executive council, Reuther supported Ralph Helstein, the president of the United Packinghouse, Food and Allied Workers.

After his forced retirement, Rieve retired to Florida, where he lived quietly. Emil Rieve died of heart failure at his home in Lauderhill, Florida, on January 24, 1975.

Notes

References
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Schlesinger, Arthur M. The Age of Roosevelt: The Coming of the New Deal: 1933-1935. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1958.
"Sign Hosiery Pact Outlawing Strikes." New York Times. July 16, 1938.
"Six Textile Locals Quit C.I.O. for A.F.L." Associated Press. May 18, 1952.
Stark, Louis. "Truce Demanded in Labor's Strife." New York Times. September 12, 1936.
Stetson, Damon. "C.I.O. Union Backs Textile Raid Pact." New York Times. May 8, 1954.
Stetson, Damon. "President Scored by Textile Union." New York Times. May 3, 1954.
Stetson, Damon. "Rieve Lists Woes of Textile Union." New York Times. May 4, 1952.
"Sues to Evict Strikers." New York Times. April 11, 1937.
"Taft Law Changes Urged." United Press International. April 17, 1953.
"Textile Union Elects." New York Times. May 18, 1956.
"Textile Union Test Is Won By Baldanzi." New York Times. May 6, 1950.
"Textile Union to File Non-Communist Oath." New York Times. October 7, 1947.
"Textile Workers Head to Quit Post in May." New York Times. March 13, 1956.
"Textile Workers in Stormy Session." New York Times. May 1, 1952.
"350 Rieve Foes Plan for T.W.U. Changes." Associated Press. July 22, 1951.
"3,000 Workers Quit on Hosiery Pay Cut." New York Times. September 22, 1931.
"T.W.O.C. Will Meet Today for Merger." New York Times. May 15, 1939.
"Union Board Bars Hosiery Wage Cut." New York Times. January 10, 1938.
"Union Chiefs Fight Over Textile Shift." New York Times. May 20, 1952.
"Union Gives Rieve $15,000 Annually." New York Times. June 3, 1960.
"Union Impounds Funds." Associated Press. July 24, 1952.
"Union Upholds Rieve." New York Times. June 10, 1951.
"Union Withholds Hosiery Strike Aid." New York Times. September 24, 1931.
"War on Union Laid to Textile Group." United Press International. April 27, 1952.
Zieger, Robert H. The CIO 1935-1955. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.

American trade union leaders
1892 births
1975 deaths
Congress Poland emigrants to the United States
American Lutherans
Congress of Industrial Organizations people
UNITE HERE
Textile workers
20th-century Lutherans
United Textile Workers of America
Trade unionists from Pennsylvania

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Des Paroz has tagged me, so it is time to join in on the latest meme going around. Here are five things you might not know about me.
Born in Sydney to English parents.
Lived in Pupa New Guinea when I was a little tacker while my father worked on one of his archaeological digs.
Don't really like lollies (candy for our international readers), chocolates and deserts, unless it it Sticky Date Pudding, Lemon Morang Pie or dark chocolate at least 70% coco!
I wear reading glasses and hope as time goes on this doesn't turn into all-time wearing of glasses.
I was a Queen's Scout and built a 5 minute HyperCard multimedia presentation using a Mac SE30 as part of my final activities.
Now time to tag for five other bloggers Double Dubs, Jason Davis, Mark Evans, Richard Giles, Kim Cameron.
Overnight John Edwards used YouTube as one of the means to announce his candidacy for the US Presidential elections. John Edwards has been using the internet and social/new media (podcasts, videocasts) for a while now so this is no surprise. For me this indicates a "tipping point" in the acceptance of "new media" and I predict we will see an even bigger take up of these tools in 2007 than we did in 2006.
I have been following a number of conversations in the closing days of 2006 on Enterprise 2.0 and the New Presence both of which will have profound impact on our organisations, similar to the social changes that have been taking place in the last couple of years in the consumer space.
All I can only hope that the vendors in the Enterprise 2.0 space learn and try to jump over some of the same hurdles and not run straight into them.
You'll find physician jobs on The Recruiter.com.
I am sitting here at my mother's in Sydney, unlimited WiFi, the cricket on, and generally catching up on things. Been reading my feeds. Catching up on some books. Researching a new digital camera as a little present for the grown ups in the house. It is great to relax after a busy few days catching up with the family for Christmas.
The weather is very nice and makes we kind of wish I had my windsurfer and could get out to work off a few Christmas pounds. In the meantime I will have to do with some pictures and videos from Winsurfing The East End and The Peconic Puffin.
Over the last couple of weeks I have been using Google Readers share function as a bit of a link blog. If you want to see what is interesting me in my feeds you can come along for the ride either via a browser or feed.
We've gone from a fixed width layout to a flexible one allowing you to make use of your screen real-estate on larger monitors. Navigation has also been moved to the top allowing you to quickly switch between sections.
Digg stories move fast, so we've created a quick view of the top 10 hottest on Digg, updated in real time. This list changes as other stories accelerate in Diggs – so make sure to check it often. Think of this as your quick pulse of what's hot in any given section.
Aside from giving Videos their own position in the top navigation, we have added a couple cool features: Top 10 hottest videos, and on-Digg video previews. Simply click any video with a play icon to get lightbox window in which you can preview and Digg the video.
Now you can Digg your favorite podcast series and individual podcast episodes. Not only can you see a list of the most popular podcasts by section, you can also dive into any individual podcasts to see the most Dugg individual episodes. And don't forget – every time you Digg a podcast or podcast episode that is bookmarked in your profile and shared with your friends.
Now quickly jump between your Dugg News, Videos, or Podcasts. With three separate sections we make it easy to sort through your own Diggs or the Diggs from your friends using the friends tab.
Great new features, but it seems the Add Podcast feature is broken, which is a pity as many of the podcasts I listen to are not listed and I wanted to add them.
Sunday 17 Dec 2006 – Water start day!
Just back from another windsurfing session about 1.5 hours today in 15-20 knot winds and I got my water starts nailed! Even got the board up to a plane a few times and was brave enough to go out from shore beyond standing depth, cause I can now get home.
Lots of fun, can't wait until next time! Which due to travel plans will probably not be until 2007!
Yesterday was day 2 of windsurfing, and a fairly poor one at that, for me at least. Too much wind to control the sail. Went out too late and the wind was already hoving at around 20 knots, gusting up to 25-30 (probably not but it felt like that!). Got in a few good (ok every things is relative) water starts but did not want to stray too far from land, but that meant I was knocked about by the waves a far bit. Gave up after a hour.
Today waiting for a bit more wind, just not too much, 9 knots now at St Kilda but 15 on the other side of the bay. Figure I need a constant 15 knots.
I have been ignoring the HR blogosphere for the last couple of months, partially by accident and partially on purpose. In the last couple of days I noticed that the 2006 Best Recruiting Blog awards are on, strangely enough I am not nominated this year but I think I know why :-).
Anyway enough about me and onto the awards. This year the categories are gone and you get to choose your top 5 blogs and then the overall winner will be selected by an esteemed group of judges, Michael Keleman, Jim Durbin, Heather Hamilton, Joel Cheesman, David Manaster, Harry Joiner and of course Jason Davis.
Looking through the nominations myself I see some of the best blogs out there on HR and recruiting, which is a testament to the owners of the blogs and to Jason for pulling this all together.
Unfortunately as is seeming to happen a lot within blogs these days commercial interests seem to taking over and detracting from the content. But it seems people have been spamming each other trying to solicit votes in these awards! Luckily I have not been on the receiving end of these emails, or maybe I have but don't realize as I tend to delete if I don't know the send or like the first sentence.
What do people hope to achieve by being named Best Recruiting Blog 2006? Will the fame provide them with inspiration for better content, or peer recognition?
Or is it just more traffic, more speaking engagements, higher consulting fees and just a plan grab for dollars? I feel for Jason and his team as I am sure this is not what they anticipated.
I am not say people should not post to say that they have been nominated and to get your readers to vote. But in any popularity contest the people with the biggest mailing lists win, which is why having the judges is a great idea.
UPDATE : The site is still down, I wonder what is going on.
UPDATE 2: Qantas you are still down, sorry we booked with WebJet and not with the Vibe Savoy, instead the Hotel Lindrum.
Just saw this post from the guys at Whooiz, they are giving away a Wii so I had to join in.
We are giving away a Nintendo Wii and all you have to do to win one is create your wHooiz profile and install a wHooiz blog widget on your blog it's that simple.


text:
MLB suspends Brewers' Braun for rest of '13
Ryan Braun suspended rest of year
Major League Baseball has suspended Milwaukee Brewers slugger Ryan Braun without pay for the remainder of the 2013 season.
Braun will not contest the suspension, which was meted out for "violations of the Basic Agreement and its Joint Drug Prevention and Treatment Program," according to a statement released by MLB.
"As I have acknowledged in the past, I am not perfect," Braun said in the statement. "I realize now that I have made some mistakes. I am willing to accept the consequences of those actions. This situation has taken a toll on me and my entire family, and it ... has been a distraction to my teammates and the Brewers organization.
"I am very grateful for the support I have received from players, ownership and the fans in Milwaukee and around the country. Finally, I wish to apologize to anyone I may have disappointed -- all of the baseball fans especially those in Milwaukee, the great Brewers organization, and my teammates. I am glad to have this matter behind me once and for all, and I cannot wait to get back to the game I love."
The suspension includes the final 65 games of the Brewers' season and any potential postseason games this year. As a result, Braun will lose $3.25 million.
According to an Associated Press source, 50 games of the penalty were connected to Biogenesis. The additional 15 games stemmed from Braun's actions during the grievance that overturned his positive test from October 2011. The suspension will count as a first violation of the drug program, the source told the AP.
Brewers general manager Doug Melvin addressed the media ahead of the team's 5-3 loss to the San Diego Padres on Monday night.
"As a general manager, I'm somewhat happy that this is over with so we can move forward," Melvin said. "I talked to Ryan earlier on, I know he's addressed the players ... our focus will be on the field starting with tonight's game."
"We're certainly disappointed in the news that we received today," Milwaukee manager Ron Roenicke said after the team's defeat. "The suspension obviously affects us the rest of the year and what we do and where we go."
The Brewers officially replaced Braun on their 25-man roster Tuesday, recalling outfielder Khris Davis from Triple-A Nashville.
Brewers catcher Jonathan Lucroy said the team still supports Braun.
"We all went up to him and said we support you anyway,'' Lucroy said after the Brewers' loss. "We understand it's a tough situation. He came out. He said his peace and got done. We forgive him. I don't think anybody here is going to hold a grudge.''
Braun's mother, Diane, also said she supports for her son despite his suspension.
"I will always love and support my son," she told USA Today Sports. "That will never change."
Dusty Baker, manager of the division rival Cincinnati Reds, wasn't quite as forgiving.
"I guess this gives an example to the kids what not to do,'' Baker said.
The Dodgers' Skip Schumaker said he thinks Braun should hand over his MVP award to teammate Matt Kemp, who finished second in the 2011 balloting.
"In my opinion, he should be suspended -- lifetime ban. One strike, you're out. It's enough. It's ridiculous," Schumaker told reporters. "He lied to a lot of people. I was convinced, after that MVP, that he didn't do it."
Braun's high school coach, Steve Thompson, told the Los Angeles Times he's "disappointed [Braun] did do it."
"Acknowledging he did something wrong is a good thing," Thompson said. "He's hurt his image and now he's going to have to repair it."
After MLB's original meeting with Braun on June 29, at which he refused to answer questions about Biogenesis, he requested a second meeting, a source familiar with the discussions told T.J. Quinn of ESPN's "Outside The Lines." Braun, after realizing the significance of the evidence against him from questions in the first meeting, decided to meet again to strike a deal that would limit his suspension to this season, according to the source.
It is because of that deal that Braun's suspension was announced Monday, the source told Quinn. The plan remains for the rest of the suspensions stemming from the investigation to be announced all at once.
Those suspensions will include injured New York Yankees slugger Alex Rodriguez, with the source saying the evidence against Rodriguez is "far beyond" what MLB had on Braun. The length of Rodriguez's suspension is expected to be affected by MLB's belief that he interfered with the investigation.
The Yankees do not expect Rodriguez to be suspended imminently, sources familiar with the investigation and the third baseman told ESPNNewYork.com.
While the evidence against Rodriguez related to his alleged link to Biogenesis was more substantial than what MLB had on Braun, one source familiar with the investigation said Rodriguez was nonetheless "trying to make a deal."
Rodriguez met with MLB investigators on July 12 but it was not known whether he refused to answer MLB's questions at that meeting. He denied a plea deal with the league in a July 17 interview with WFAN radio.
Yankees general manager Brian Cashman said the team had not been given any heads up from MLB regarding a possible suspension and had no idea when, or if, any discipline was forthcoming for Rodriguez.
"We've been kept out of the process," Cashman said.
While avoiding discussion of Rodriguez, Yankees manager Joe Girardi said his first impression of Braun's suspension is that he's guilty.
"You don't accept a deal unless you were guilty," Girardi said. "It's disappointing. It's just another black eye for our game. I know this game is very resilient and there have been a lot of scandals over the years, but you get tired of it."
While MLB may now be focusing its attention to Rodriguez, the Texas Rangers say they have heard nothing involving their slugger tied to the Biogenesis investigation.
"There's nothing new on Nelson [Cruz]'s situation," Rangers CEO Nolan Ryan said Monday. "I have no insight to what the commissioner's office at MLB is doing."
For his part, Cruz kept his comments on Braun's situation brief following the Rangers' 3-0 win over the Yankees, saying simply, "I guess it is what it is. I don't have any comment."
Braun, the 2011 MVP, was commended by MLBPA association executive director Michael Weiner for accepting the punishment.
"I am deeply gratified to see Ryan taking this bold step," Weiner said in a statement. "It vindicates the rights of all players under the Joint Drug Program. It is good for the game that Ryan will return soon to continue his great work both on and off the field."
Last week, Weiner said that the MLBPA wouldn't fight for any players who might be suspended when faced with overwhelming evidence that they used performance-enhancing drugs.
Braun has been among the more than one dozen players under investigation for ties to Biogenesis, a closed anti-aging clinic in Florida linked with the distribution of performance-enhancing drugs. MLB officials have been interviewing players, who have been represented by the union and their own lawyers.
This is not the first time Braun has run afoul of the league's drug-testing policy -- the 29-year-old outfielder tested positive for elevated testosterone levels in 2012. However, he successfully appealed his 50-game suspension.
The penalty was overturned by baseball arbitrator Shyam Das after Braun argued that the collector of his urine samples in the fall of 2011, Dino Laurenzi Jr., did not follow protocol. The case marked the first time a baseball player has successfully challenged a drug-related penalty in a grievance.
Braun has hit .298 with nine home runs and 38 RBIs this year for the Brewers, who entered play Monday with a 41-56 record. He missed most of June and a week in July because of an injured thumb and time on bereavement leave.
Information from T.J. Quinn of ESPN's "Outside The Lines," ESPN.com senior baseball writer Jerry Crasnick, ESPNNewYork.com's Wallace Matthews, ESPNDallas.com's Todd Wills and The Associated Press was used in this report.


text:
Мистър Лий (), рождено име Лий Хагард (), е хаус музикант, рапър, ди джей и музикален продуцент от Чикаго, САЩ. Добре е познат сред чикагските хаус музиканти като един от пионерите, които прокарват хип хопът в жанра, който по-късно ще бъде квалифициран като хип хаус. Също така, той помага на музиканта Робърт Кели (R.Kelly).

Мистър Лий е влизал три пъти в класациите за най-гореща танцувална музика/клубна музика с песните: "Get Busy" (#2/1989), "Pump That Body" (#1/1990) и "Get Off" (#32/1992).

Мистър Лий издава два албума, "Get Busy" през 1990 г. и "I Wanna Rock Right Now" през 1992 г.

Американски музиканти
Американски диджеи
Американски музикални продуценти


text:
Retail investors continue to revel in US stocks trading volume surged 72percent year on year
2020-11-25 09:40:19 category:Finance
In addition to buying stocks directly, ETFs are also an important investment channel for retail investors, with a total net inflow of US $53 billion as of November last week. Buying the S & P 500 index now means paying $2.69 for every $1 in revenue, which is far from the Internet bubble era.
Jerry braakman, chief investment officer of first American trust, said there was no event this year that could warn retail investors not to invest so crazily. Every moment is an opportunity to buy the bottom, and retail investors can get rewards as soon as they rush in. People all have path dependence. What can we do to change our behavior?
From another point of view, retail investors are not only logical, but also make a lot of money. For example, Western oil rose 83.79%, Boeing increased 51.32%, Carnival Cruise rose 47.56%. According to Goldman Sachs, retail preferred stocks rose 75% in the year, 60 percentage points higher than the S & P 500 index and double the yield of hedge fund preferred stocks.
Sameer Samana, a Wells Fargo global markets analyst, said retail trading strategies have worked this year and will encourage them to double their bets with higher leverage. At present, the market is mainly driven by vaccine news, still constructive economic data, and positive support from the Federal Reserve, which will also increase the market sentiment about no matter how you fry it.
Chris Larkin, director of trading and products at e * trade, a retail trading platform, said traders on the platform had begun to increase their positions in the tourism sector in the past week, with Boeing and American Airlines both showing net new positions. Retail investors are also interested in vaccine manufacturers and large retailers, and are also selling home concept stocks such as apple and Netflix.
The catch-up and early 2000 cycle of high-tech stocks is different from that of high-tech stocks at the beginning of 1999. Whats more, the Fed has no expectation of raising interest rates in the near future.
LeutholdGroup analyst DougRamsey pointed out that the bubble level of the NASDAQ and Russell 1000 growth index is lower than that at the beginning of September, mainly due to the fact that early retail investors were concentrated in speculation.
Source of this article: Yang Bin, editor in charge of CFA_ NF4368


NSW Registry, Federal Court of Australia (NSD529/2014).
HFPS Pty Limited (Trustee) v Tamaya Resources Limited (in Liq).
International Litigation Partners No.2 Limited.
Shareholders who acquired an interest in Tamaya pursuant to either the Share Purchase Plan (SPP) or Sophisticated Investors Placement (SIP) announced by the board of Tamaya on 1 May 2008.
Settlement Approval (13 June 2017).


text:
Last call for planners to submit for Best Practice Awards
Fri 16th August 2013
The FPA will close entries for its Best Practice Awards and the FPA Honorary Awards on 21 August.
The Best Practice Awards recognise some of Australia's top financial planners who deliver qualified and trusted financial advice using the highest standard of ethics, practice standards and professional conduct.
Mark Rantall, CEO of the FPA, is calling on members to put forward financial planners who have lived by the high standards of the FPA Code of Practice while providing quality advice to clients:
"The Best Practice Awards recognize the positive impact that planners make in their client lives and also in advancing the profession of financial planning. It is through the good work of these planners and the success stories they share with us that the profession can advance.
"We have received and acknowledged many inspiring entries throughout the years and we encourage planners who haven't yet done so to send submissions before next week. Whether it is your own submission or that of a peer or colleague, we encourage all members to acknowledge the outstanding work being done by many financial planners out there. It has been a tough year for the profession, the FPA community would like to take this opportunity to highlight those who continue to raise standards for financial planning in Australia," said Rantall.
Practitioner members of the FPA are eligible to enter the awards, and can submit an application to three categories:
FPA Certified Financial Planner® Professional Best Practice Award
FPA Financial Planner AFP® Best Practice Award
Future2 Community Service Best Practice Award
State winners and runners-up will be chosen in each award category. A national winner will then be selected in each category from the pool of state winners.
Nominations are also still open for the 2013 FPA Honorary Awards for Distinguished Service and Fellows. These awards honour the work of FPA members who have gone above and beyond the call of duty through:
working with their local community and charitable organisations
mentoring young planners and those new to the profession
working with their local FPA Chapter and FPA committees
selfless contribution to the profession
The deadline for submissions for all awards is 21st August and winners will be announced and profiled in September in the lead up to the inaugural 2013 FPA Professionals Congress on 16-17 October where they will be presented with their awards.
National winners receive free entry to the Professionals Congress and $5,000 towards a client event or professional development opportunity. National and state winners of the FPA CFP® Professional Best Practice Award will also win a package of PortfolioConstruction Forum CPD Programs
For more information and details on how to enter the awards, click here.


Why link Python to C?
I hope that it is uncontroversial to state that Python is a great language that can suffer from occasional performance issues. This is especially true if Python is being used in heavy numerical computing environments like those at Gamalon. Gamalon is not the first to require using Python for numerical tasks. To meet this need, libraries like NumPy, SciPy, Pandas and others provide users with well tested implementations of most common numerical tasks. Most of these numerical tasks, such as matrix multiplication or special function evaluation among others, have reference implementations in C or Fortran that are linked to Python through many layers of indirection.
We clearly see from the callgraph that a significant portion of our compute time is spent manipulating array shape, constructing arrays, and performing other associated operations. In fact, the underlying math for the distribution doesn't even make an appearance in the callgraph!
Vectorization, then, is the key to writing performant NumPy and SciPy based code.
Unfortunately, our specific use-cases typically involve lots of scalar calls, and thus, we encountered significant overhead. Can this cost be optimized away?
Beyond just the overhead, what happens when the user wants to use PyPy or some other tracing JIT to optimize the rest of their Python code (e.g. dictionary operations and the like)? Many of these libraries are simply not compatible with PyPy given PyPy's partial support of the C API. In fact, NumPy only recently passed all upstream tests when run under the PyPy interpreter, but PyPy was generally unable to provide any performance optimizations. Is it possible to still take advantage of the C and Fortran reference implementations in PyPy without rewriting them in Python?
Generally yes. This linking can be done with a tool called CFFI, or the C Foreign Function Interface, which provides light weight, PyPy compatible, Python bindings for C code. In the remainder, we will explore how to write the bindings, how to link those bindings to Python, and what their associated performance impacts are.
This looks just like a normal header file, because it is. This header file is used to tell CFFI which functions you want to link to Python. Therefore, you should only add function prototypes for the functions you actually want to link.
With the header file and implementation in hand, we next turn our attention to implementing the build script that links with the API-level out-of-line linking paradigm. Generally, the CFFI works by taking the desired C code, automatically generating a C extension for the code, and then building that.
The script begins by import CFFI and creating a new ffibuilder. The ffibuilder is the object that will take care of the code generation and compilation.
With the ffibuilder defined, we need to tell the ffibuilder where to find the file containing the method prototype for beta_logpdf and its implementation.
Next, we need to read in our files and build them. We first read in the header file and use the header file to inform the set_source method which functions to import. We also need to provide any necessary extra information about how to perform the code generation and provide any extra compilation arguments. Because our example is plain, we only need to tell the ffibuilder what to name the resulting module, _beta in our case, where to find the module and sources, and how to compile it. While not expressly necessary, I try and compile with '-O3', '-march=native', '-ffast-math' whenever it provides performance benefits. In this case, the move from -O2 to -O3 halves the run time.
Finally, we build it. I prefer to build with verbose=True to ensure that I have all the information necessary to fix any problems that could occur.
which, when run, reports a successful build. The successful build gives us multiple files; _beta.c which is the emitted C extension module, the compiled object library, _beta.o, and ` _beta.cpython-36m-darwin.so` which is the dynamic library that Python will actually load.
As a closing remark, it is possible to define the C inline as described in the CFFI documentation, but I have found that it gets tedious to do this for large C projects, like those that we use internally.
Given the built module above, we can now import it into Python. The module will have the name prescribed by the first argument to the set_source method, which in our case was _beta. Because we're only interested in the library itself and not any of the other FFI periphery, such as memory allocation, we only need to import lib. Importing only the function that we actually used, our import statement is simply from _beta.lib import beta_logpdf. Note, the name of the function in C is the same as that in the module.
Running the scripts detailed in the Scripts section below, we see the following results.
Where all timings were generated on my Mid-2017 Non-touchbar MacBook Pro with 2.3 GHz Intel Core i5. The SciPy scalar and vector results are exactly the same as those reported in the introduction. The reference C results were computed by using the beta_logpdf function reported above and timed using the system clock available in the C standard library. The C reference was compiled with GCC 7 with compiler flags -O3, -march=native, and -ffast-math. The reported CFFI numbers were computed using the exact build scripts linked above. We elected to test in both cPython 3.6 and PyPy3 to test the possible benefits that a tracing JIT can afford us in super simplistic scenarios like this. cPython 3.6 and PyPy3 are both from the bottle poured with Homebrew.
Interestingly enough, we observe that CFFI provides two order of magnitude improvement in the overhead for calling the logpdf function within cPython. This is already a drastic speedup, but we can do even better by running under PyPy, which provides only a factor of 2 slow-down versus the reference C.
Interestingly enough, that means that, calling an empty function linked with CFFI from cPython costs on average 248 ns, while the equivalent tasks costs 16 ns in PyPy. We can then see that the majority of the computational benefit that we have observed from moving from cPython to PyPy is the more efficient C interface.
Motivated by Knuth's oft-cited adage that "premature optimization is the root of all evil", the general advice that is given in these situations is to write working code, profile it, and then optimize hotspots. For Python, one of the common approaches to such an optimization is to translate the hotspots to C and then link them to Python.
In the above, we have explored specific techniques for such an optimization pathway that also permits the user to use interpreters such as PyPy. This allows for using a JIT to optimize other aspects of the codebase, such as heavy dictionary access, or string computations.
Combining PyPy with a CFFI linked module, it is possible to obtain performance within an order of magnitude to C while still operating within Python. Amazingly enough, PyPy + CFFI out performs even vectorized SciPy in this situation! Granted, this is a sample size of 1 but it is at least encouraging.
Of course, CFFI is not a magic bullet. Performing optimizations of this kind can significantly limit the flexibility of certain aspects of your code-base, and require developers to be more deliberate about their use of interfaces. It also adds maintenance costs because developers will now need to be able to support both C and Python.
Note: The timings were updated to reflect an updated version of the underlying C function that matches the scipy behaviour better. Thank you @mgeier for pointing out this error!