nice record. wish you would have posted from the beginning! We'd be up a good amount then.
Care to share as to what home/road systems you are referring to?
These were posted in my other thread.
No plays on the series starting today!!!
what do you mena win one at home, so basically out of the 3 games they have to win one game or just the first game?
Yes bet on CIN to win one game at home. If they lose the first double your bet on the second etc or use labby method.
I would say we are on the right track!!!
is there any filters for picking which home team??
I assign everything a value from the team as a whole to the players to the ballpark. I run algorithms for many situations. It takes almost an hour per series to get the result. Its more complicated then just looking up the rpi. I would have to think alot of the plays should be the same as its always going to be better teams being bet on, but it will also eliminate some of the plays as well.
Anything you like today ATM?
Had DET not lost the last 4 the numbers would of been better but still no play.
Hi! It's not hard to follow your day's pick (one Boston win for the series), but I wonder how you play do with the price that comes with it: -258?
Just lower your unit size if your uncomfortable with high money lines.


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The temple was built in 1750 through the efforts of middle class city residents Shargorod and surrounding villages. Before the Revolution Church of the Nativity of the Virgin was celebrated for its two-tiered iconostasis with icons of the Greek letters. In 1860, a priest about. Peter Jankowski at the church was opened on parochial school. Ordeals 30s of the twentieth century did not pass the priesthood and laity of the church. The last priest before the church was closed by the authorities, this was about. Anthony Sorochinskiy. December 2, 1937 decision of the troika of the NKVD sentenced to 10 years imprisonment. In 1964, Fr. Anthony has been posthumously rehabilitated. Church of the Nativity of the Virgin was rebuilt and raised on a stone foundation in 1877, Wood, trehsrubnaya, domed, with later attached premises and two-tier bell tower. Key log - square in the plan rectangular frame and the width of the bell tower is Babintsy. The interior wall oil painting of XIX century. The monument belongs to the original designs Podolsky school of folk wooden architecture.


text:
Shilha (), now more commonly known as Tashelhit () or Tashlhiyt, is a Berber language spoken in southwestern Morocco. The endonym is  (), and in recent English publications the name of the language is often rendered Tashelhit, Tashelhiyt or Tashlhiyt. In Moroccan Arabic the language is called , from which the English name Shilha is derived. When referring to the language, anthropologists and historians prefer the name "Shilha", which is in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED). Linguists writing in English prefer "Tashelhit" (or a variant spelling). In French sources the language is called ,  or .

Shilha is spoken in an area covering around 100,000 square kilometres, making the language area approximately the size of Iceland, or the US state of Kentucky. The area comprises the western part of the High Atlas mountains and the regions to the south up to the Draa River, including the Anti-Atlas and the alluvial basin of the Souss River. The largest urban centres in the area are the coastal city of Agadir (population over 400,000) and the towns of Guelmim, Taroudant, Oulad Teima, Tiznit and Ouarzazate.

In the north and to the south, Shilha borders Arabic-speaking areas. In the northeast, roughly along the line Demnate-Zagora, there is a dialect continuum with Central Atlas Tamazight. Within the Shilha-speaking area, there are several Arabic-speaking enclaves, notably the town of Taroudant and its surroundings. Substantial Shilha-speaking migrant communities are found in most of the larger towns and cities of northern Morocco and outside Morocco in Belgium, France, Germany, Canada, the United States and Israel.

Shilha possesses a distinct and substantial literary tradition that can be traced back several centuries before the protectorate era. Many texts, written in Arabic script and dating from the late 16th century to the present, are preserved in manuscripts. A modern printed literature in Shilha has developed since the 1970s.

Name
Shilha speakers usually refer to their language as . This name is morphologically a feminine noun, derived from masculine  "male speaker of Shilha". Shilha names of other languages are formed in the same way, for example  "an Arab",  "the Arabic language".

The origin of the names  and  has recently become a subject of debate (see Shilha people#Naming for various theories). The presence of the consonant  in the name suggests an originally exonymic (Arabic) origin. The first appearance of the name in a western printed source is found in Mármol's  (1573), which mentions the "indigenous Africans called Xilohes or Berbers" ().

The initial  in  is a Shilha nominal prefix (see ). The ending  (borrowed from the Arabic suffix ) forms denominal nouns and adjectives. There are also variant forms  and , with  instead of  under the influence of the preceding consonant . The plural of  is ; a single female speaker is a  (noun homonymous with the name of the language), plural .

In Moroccan colloquial Arabic, a male speaker is called a , plural , and the language is , a feminine derivation calqued on . The Moroccan Arabic names have been borrowed into English as a Shilh, the Shluh, and Shilha, and into French as , , and  or, more commonly, .

The now-usual names  and  in their endonymic use seem to have gained the upper hand relatively recently, as they are attested only in those manuscript texts which date from the 19th and 20th centuries. In older texts, the language is still referred to as  or  "Tamazight". For example, the author Awzal (early 18th c.) speaks of  "a composition in that beautiful Tamazight".

Because Souss is the most heavily populated part of the language area, the name  (lit. "language of Souss") is now often used as a pars pro toto for the entire language. A speaker of  is an , plural , feminine , plural .

Number of speakers

Some authors mention a much higher number of Shilha speakers. Stroomer (2001a) estimated that there are "some 6 to 8 million" speakers, and he subsequently (2008) raised the number to "some 8 to 9 million". Stroomer does not refer to any published sources supporting his estimates, which are certainly too high.

Dialects
Dialect differentiation within Shilha, such as it is, has not been the subject of any targeted research, but several scholars have noted that all varieties of Shilha are mutually intelligible. The first was Stumme, who observed that all speakers can understand each other, "because the individual dialects of their language are not very different." This was later confirmed by Ahmed Boukous, a Moroccan linguist and himself a native speaker of Shilha, who stated: "Shilha is endowed with a profound unity which permits the Shluh to communicate without problem, from the Ihahan in the northwest to the Aït Baamran in the southwest, from the Achtouken in the west to the Iznagen in the east, and from Aqqa in the desert to Tassaout in the plain of Marrakesh."

There exists no sharply defined boundary between Shilha dialects and the dialects of Central Atlas Tamazight (CAT). The dividing line is generally put somewhere along the line Marrakesh-Zagora, with the speech of the Ighoujdamen, Iglioua and Aït Ouaouzguite ethnic groups belonging to Shilha, and that of the neighboring Inoultan, Infedouak and Imeghran ethnic groups counted as CAT.

Writing systems

Shilha has been written with several different alphabets. Historically, the Arabic script has been dominant. Usage of the Latin script emerged in the late 19th century. More recently there has been an initiative to write Shilha in Tifinagh.

Tifinagh

Latin script
Many Shilha texts from the oral tradition have been published since the 19th century, transcribed in Latin script. Early publications display a wide variety of transcription systems. Stumme (1899) and Destaing (1920, 1940) use an elaborate phonetic transcription, while Justinard (1914) and Laoust (1936) employ a transcription based on French orthographical conventions. A new standard was set by Aspinion (1953), who uses a simple but accurate, largely phonemic transcription with hyphenation.

Most academic publications on Berber languages of recent decades use a version of the Berber Latin alphabet, a transcription orthography in Latin script (as used in this article). The most unusual feature of this orthography is the employment of the symbol  (Greek epsilon) to represent  (voiced epiglottal fricative); for example,   "turban". Except with  (= IPA ), the subscript dot indicates pharyngealisation; for example,   "deaf person". Geminated and long consonants are transcribed with doubled symbols, for example,  "needle",  "flour". Word divisions are generally disjunctive, with clitics written as separate words (not hyphenated).

Arabic script

Traditional orthography
Traditional Shilha manuscript texts are written in a conventionalized orthography in Maghribi Arabic script. This orthography has remained virtually unchanged since at least the end of the 16th century, and is still used today in circles of traditional Islamic scholars (). The main features of the traditional orthography are the use of two extra letters ( with three dots for , and  with three dots for ) and full vocalization (vowels written with ,  and ). Clitical elements are written connected to a noun or verb form (conjunctive spelling).

Modern orthography
Since the 1970s, a fair number of books in Shilha have been published inside Morocco, written in a newly devised, practical orthography in Arabic script. The main features of this orthography are the representation of vowels  by the letters , and the non-use of vocalization signs other than  (to indicate gemination of consonants) and  (to indicate labialization of velar and uvular consonants). The consonant  is written with , and  is either written with  ( with dot below) or not distinguished from . Word separations are mostly disjunctive.

Literature

Shilha possesses an old literary tradition. Numerous texts written in Arabic script are preserved in manuscripts dating from the past four centuries. The earliest datable text is a compendium of lectures on the "religious sciences" () composed in metrical verses by  (Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣanhājī, died 1597). The best known writer in this tradition is Mḥmmd u Ɛli Awzal (Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Hawzālī, died 1749), author of  "The Cistern" (a handbook of Maliki law in verse),  "The Ocean of Tears" (an adhortation, with a description of Judgment Day, in verse) and other texts.

Research
The first attempt at a grammatical description of Shilha is the work of the German linguist Hans Stumme (1864–1936), who in 1899 published his . Stumme's grammar remained the richest source of grammatical information on Shilha for half a century. A problem with the work is its use of an over-elaborate, phonetic transcription which, while designed to be precise, generally fails to provide a transparent representation of spoken forms. Stumme also published a collection of Shilha fairy tales (1895, re-edited in Stroomer 2002).

The next author to grapple with Shilha is Saïd Cid Kaoui (Saʿīd al-Sidqāwī, 1859-1910), a native speaker of Kabyle from Algeria. Having published a dictionary of Tuareg (1894), he then turned his attention to the Berber languages of Morocco. His  (1907) contains extensive vocabularies in both Shilha and Central Atlas Tamazight, in addition to some 20 pages of useful phrases. The work seems to have been put together in some haste and must be consulted with caution.

On the eve of the First World War there appeared a small, practical booklet composed by Captain (later Colonel) Léopold Justinard (1878–1959), entitled . It contains a short grammatical sketch, a collection of stories, poems and songs, and some interesting dialogues, all with translations. The work was written while the author was overseeing military operations in the region of Fès, shortly after the imposition of the French protectorate (1912). Justinard also wrote several works on the history of the Souss.

Emile Laoust (1876–1952), prolific author of books and articles about Berber languages, in 1921 published his  (2nd enlarged edition 1936), a teaching grammar with graded lessons and thematic vocabularies, some good ethnographic texts (without translations) and a wordlist.

Edmond Destaing (1872–1940) greatly advanced knowledge of the Shilha lexicon with his  (1920) and his  (1940, with copious lexical notes). Destaing also planned a grammar which was to complete the trilogy, but this was never published.

Lieutenant-interpreter (later Commander) Robert Aspinion is the author of  (1953), an informative though somewhat disorganized teaching grammar. Aspinion's simple but accurate transcriptions did away with earlier phonetic and French-based systems.

The first attempted description in English is Outline of the Structure of Shilha (1958) by American linguist Joseph Applegate (1925–2003). Based on work with native speakers from Ifni, the work is written in a dense, inaccessible style, without a single clearly presented paradigm. Transcriptions, apart from being unconventional, are unreliable throughout.

The only available accessible grammatical sketch written in a modern linguistic frame is "" (1988) by Lionel Galand (1920–2017), a French linguist and berberologist. The sketch is mainly based on the speech of the Ighchan ethnic group of the Anti-Atlas, with comparative notes on Kabyle of Algeria and Tuareg of Niger.

More recent, book-length studies include Jouad (1995, on metrics), Dell & Elmedlaoui (2002 and 2008, on syllables and metrics), El Mountassir (2009, a teaching grammar), Roettger (2017, on stress and intonation) and the many text editions by Stroomer (see also ).

Phonology

Stress and intonation
Stress and intonation in Shilha are the subject of a monograph by Roettger (2017), who used instrumental testing. He established the fact that Shilha does not have lexical stress (Roettger 2017:59), as noted earlier by Stumme (1899:14) and Galand (1988, 2.16).

Vowels
Shilha has three phonemic vowels, with length not a distinctive feature. The vowels show a fairly wide range of allophones. The vowel /a/ is most often realized as [a] or [æ], and /u/ is pronounced without any noticeable rounding except when adjacent to . The presence of a pharyngealized consonant invites a more centralized realization of the vowel, as in   "three",   "four",   "six" (compare   "one",   "two",   "five").

Additional phonemic vowels occur sporadically in recent loanwords, for example  as in  "restaurant" (from French).

Transitional vowels and "schwa"
In addition to the three phonemic vowels, there are non-phonemic transitional vowels, often collectively referred to as "schwa". Typically, a transitional vowel is audible following the onset of a vowelless syllable CC or CCC, if either of the flanking consonants, or both, are voiced, for example   "house",   "schoolboy". In the phonetic transcriptions of Stumme (1899) and Destaing (1920, 1940), many such transitional vowels are indicated.

Later authors such as Aspinion (1953), use the symbol  to mark the place where a transitional vowel may be heard, irrespective of its quality, and they also write  where in reality no vowel, however short, is heard, for example   "owner of livestock",   "he's eating". The symbol , often referred to as "schwa", as used by Aspinion and others, thus becomes a purely graphical device employed to indicate that the preceding consonant is a syllable onset: , . As Galand has observed, the notation of "schwa" in fact results from "habits which are alien to Shilha". And, as conclusively shown by Ridouane (2008), transitional vowels or "intrusive vocoids" cannot even be accorded the status of epenthetic vowels. It is therefore preferable not to write transitional vowels or "schwa", and to transcribe the vowels in a strictly phonemic manner, as in Galand (1988) and all recent text editions.

Treatment of hiatus
Hiatus does not occur within a morpheme, i.e. a morpheme never contains a sequence of two vowels without an intervening consonant. If hiatus arises when a morpheme-final vowel and a morpheme-initial vowel come together in context, there are several strategies for dealing with it. The first of the two vowels may be elided or, alternatively, the semivowel  may be inserted to keep the vowels apart:
 →  or  "barley as well as maize"
 →  or  "set us free!"
Less commonly, vowels  and  may change into  and : // "go ye!" (imperative plural masculine) is realized either as  (with inserted ) or as .

Consonants

The chart below represents Tashlhiyt consonants in IPA, with orthographical representations added between angled brackets when different:

Additional phonemic consonants occur sporadically in recent loanwords, for example  as in  "(my) father" (from Moroccan Arabic), and  as in  "beach" (from French).

Like other Berber languages and Arabic, Tashlhiyt has both pharyngealized ("emphatic") and plain dental consonants. There is also a distinction between labialized and plain dorsal obstruents. Consonant gemination or length is contrastive.

Semivowels
The semivowels  and  have vocalic allophones  and  between consonants (C_C) and between consonant and pause (C_# and #_C). Similarly, the high vowels  and  can have consonantal allophones  and  in order to avoid a hiatus. In most dialects, the semivowels are thus in complementary distribution with the high vowels, with the semivowels occurring as onset or coda, and the high vowels as nucleus in a syllable. This surface distribution of the semivowels and the high vowels has tended to obscure their status as four distinct phonemes, with some linguists denying phonemic status to /w/ and /j/.

Positing four distinct phonemes is necessitated by the fact that semivowels and high vowels can occur in sequence, in lexically determined order, for example  "bee",  "ewe" (not *, *). In addition, semivowels  and , like other consonants, occur long, as in  "wrap",  "camel's hump". The assumption of four phonemes also results in a more efficient description of morphology.

In the examples below,  and  are transcribed phonemically in some citation forms, but always phonetically in context, for example  "the sisters of",  "he has two sisters".

Gemination and length
There is a phonemic contrast between single and non-single (geminated or long) consonants:
 "grass" vs.  "testimony"
 "pool" vs.  "sparrowhawk"
Gemination and degemination play a role in the morphology of nouns and verbs:
 "king",  "kings" ( becomes )
 "he harvested",  "he is harvesting" ( becomes )
All consonants can in principle occur geminated or long, although phonemic  and  do not seem to be attested. The uvular stops only occur geminated or long ().

Four consonants have each two corresponding geminate or long consonants, one phonetically identical and one different:
 :  and
 :  and
 :  and
 :  and
In the oldest layers of the morphology, , , ,  always have , , ,  as geminated or long counterparts:
 "slaughter",  "he is slaughtering" (compare  "plough",  "he is ploughing")
 "be red",  "it is red" (compare  "be black",  "it is black")
Whether a non-single consonant is realized as geminated or as long depends on the syllabic context. A geminated consonant is a sequence of two identical consonants /CC/, metrically counting as two segments, and always separated by syllable division, as in  [ta.md.da.] "sparrowhawk". A long consonant is a consonant followed by a chroneme /C:/, metrically counting as a single segment and belonging to one syllable, as in  [tu.g:a.] "testimony". When a morpheme contains a non-single consonant, it can be either geminated or long, depending on the context:
 [] "run!" (geminate)
 [] "run ye!" (long)
It is also possible for two identical consonants to occur in sequence, both being released separately and constituting the onset and nucleus of a vowelless syllable. Such sequences are transcribed with an intervening apostrophe:
 [] "jackals"
 [] "he pondered"
 [] "bat"

Syllable structure
Shilha syllable structure has been the subject of a detailed and highly technical discussion by phoneticians. The issue was whether Shilha does or does not have vowelless syllables. According to John Coleman, syllables which are vowelless on the phonemic level have "schwa" serving as vocalic nucleus on the phonetic level. According to Rachid Ridouane on the other hand, Shilha's apparently vowelless syllables are truly vowelless, with all phonemes, vowels as well as consonants, capable of serving as nucleus. The discussion is summed up in Ridouane (2008, with listing of relevant publications), where he conclusively demonstrates that a perfectly ordinary Shilha phrase such as  "you took it away" indeed consists of three vowelless syllables [tk.ks.tst:.], each made up of voiceless consonants only, and with voiceless consonants (not "schwa") serving as nucleus. Many definitions of the syllable that have been put forward do not cover the syllables of Shilha.

Syllable types
The syllable structure of Shilha was first investigated by Dell and Elmedlaoui in a seminal article (1985). They describe how syllable boundaries can be established through what they call "core syllabification". This works by associating a nucleus with an onset, to form a core syllable CV or CC. Segments that are higher on the sonority scale have precedence over those lower on the scale in forming the nucleus in a core syllable, with vowels and semivowels highest on the scale, followed by liquids and nasals, voiced fricatives, voiceless fricatives, voiced stops and voiceless stops. When no more segments are available as onsets, the remaining single consonants are assigned as coda to the preceding core syllable, but if a remaining consonant is identical to the consonant that is the onset of the following syllable, it merges with it to become a long consonant. A morpheme boundary does not necessarily constitute a syllable boundary.

Comparative diagram of the following:
Application of core syllabification produces the following Shilha syllable types:

Shilha syllable structure can be represented succinctly by the formula , in which C is any consonant (single/long), and X is any vowel or consonant (single) and with the restriction that in a syllable CXC the X, if it is a consonant, cannot be higher on the resonance scale than the syllable-final consonant, that is, syllables such as [tsk.] and [wrz.] are possible, but not *[tks.] and *[wzr.].

Exceptional syllables of the types X (vowel or single/long consonant) and  (vowel plus single/long consonant) occur in utterance-initial position:
 [r.glt.] "close it!" (syllable C)
 [f:.ɣat.] "go out!" (syllable C:)
 [a.wi.tid.] "bring it here!" (syllable V)
 [ac.kid.] "come here!" (syllable VC)
Another exceptional syllable type, described by Dell and Elmedlaoui (1985), occurs in utterance-final position, when a syllable of the type CC or CC: is "annexed" to a preceding syllable of the type CV or C:V, for example  "be silent!" is [fs.samt.] not *[fs.sa.mt.].

Since any syllable type may precede or follow any other type, and since any consonant can occur in syllable-initial or final position, there are no phonotactical restrictions on consonant sequences. This also means that the concept of the consonant cluster is not applicable in Shilha phonology, as any number of consonants may occur in sequence:

[fr.ḥɣs.lm.ɛrf.tn.nk.] (6 syllables, 14 consonants, no vowels)

Metrics
The metrics of traditional Shilha poems, as composed and recited by itinerant bards (), was first described and analyzed by Hassan Jouad (thesis 1983, book 1995; see also Dell and Elmedlaoui 2008). The traditional metrical system confirms the existence of vowelless syllables in Shilha, and Jouad's data have been used by Dell and Elmedlaoui, and by Ridouane to support their conclusions.

The metrical system imposes the following restrictions:
each line in a poem contains the same number of syllables as all the other lines
each syllable in a line contains the same number of segments as its counterpart in other lines
each line contains one particular syllable that must begin or end with a voiced consonant
each line is divided into feet, with the last syllable in each foot stressed ("lifted") in recitation
Within these restrictions, the poet is free to devise his own metrical form. This can be recorded in a meaningless formula called  which shows the number and the length of the syllables, as well as the place of the obligatory voiced consonant (Jouad lists hundreds of such formulae).

The system is illustrated here with a quatrain ascribed to the semi-legendary Shilha poet Sidi Ḥammu (fl. 18th century) and published by Amarir (1987:64):

Application of Dell and Elmedlaoui's core syllabification reveals a regular mosaic of syllables:

The poem is composed in a metre listed by Jouad (1995:283) and exemplified by the formula , , ,  (the  in the last syllable indicates the position of the compulsory voiced consonant).

Grammar

Nouns
On the basis of their morphology, three types of Shilha nouns can be distinguished, two indigenous types and one type of external origin:
inflected nouns
uninflected nouns
unincorporated loans
The relevant morpho-syntactic categories are gender, number and state.

Inflected nouns
Inflected nouns are by far the most numerous type. These nouns can be easily recognised from their outward shape: they begin with a nominal prefix which has the form :
 "daytime"
 "orphan"
 "hound"
 "evening"
 "marsh mallow (plant)"
 "ant"
Inflected nouns distinguish two genders, masculine and feminine; two numbers, singular and plural; and two states, conventionally referred to by their French names as  ("free state") and  ("annexed state") and glossed as EL and EA. Gender and number are all explicitly marked, but historical and synchronic sound changes have in some cases resulted in the neutralization of the difference between EL and EA.

The nominal prefix has no semantic content, i.e. it is not a sort of (in)definite article, although it is probably demonstrative in origin. It is made up of one or both of two elements, a gender prefix and a vocalic prefix. Singular feminine nouns may also have a gender suffix. For example, the noun  "bee" has the feminine prefix , the vocalic prefix  and the feminine singular suffix  added to the nominal stem . While feminine inflected nouns always have the feminine prefix, masculine nouns do not have a gender prefix in the free state (EL); for example  "fox" has no gender prefix, but only a vocalic prefix  added to the nominal stem .

Gender is thus marked unambiguously, albeit asymmetrically. In just a handful of nouns, the morphological gender does not conform to the grammatical gender (and number):  "sheep and goats" is morphologically masculine singular, but takes feminine plural agreement;  "eyes" is morphologically masculine plural, but takes feminine plural agreement;  "(someone's) children, offspring" is morphologically feminine singular, but takes masculine plural agreement.

The annexed state (EA) is regularly formed by reducing the vocalic prefix to zero and, with masculine nouns, adding the masculine gender prefix :
EL  "bee" → EA
EL  "fox" → EA
With some nouns, the original vocalic prefix has fused with a stem-initial vowel, to produce an inseparable (and irreducible) vowel:
EL  "moon, month" → EA  (not *)
EL  "sun" → EA  (not *)
With feminine nouns that have an inseparable vocalic prefix, the difference between EL and EA is thus neutralized.

While most inflected nouns have a vocalic prefix , some have  (in some cases inseparable), and a few have  (always inseparable). When a masculine noun has the vocalic prefix  (separable or inseparable), the masculine gender prefix  changes to . The table below presents an overview (all examples are singular; plurals also distinguish EL and EA):

The EA is not predictable from the shape of the noun, compare:
 "hand" → EA
 "knee" → EA
The phonological rules on the realization of /w/ and /j/ apply to the EA as well. For example, the EA of  "chief" is /w-mɣar/, realized as  after a vowel,  after a consonant:
 "the chief went to see the judge"
 "the chief accompanied the judge"
Inflected nouns show a great variety of plural formations, applying one or more of the following processes:
suffixation (masculine , feminine )
vowel change (insertion or elision, or ablaut)
consonant gemination or degemination
stem extension (+, +, +, +, always in combination with a suffix)
There are also irregular and suppletive plurals. The feminine singular suffix  is naturally lost in the plural.

Independent from these processes, the separable vocalic prefix  is always replaced with . An inseparable vocalic prefix either remains unchanged, or changes as part of vowel change (but if the vocalic prefix is inseparable in the singular, it may be separable in the plural, as with  "dune", and vice versa, as with  "dog"; see table below).

Below is a sample of nouns, illustrating various plural formations.

The plural is generally not predictable from the shape of the singular, compare:
 "shoe", plural  (vowel change and suffix)
 "utensil", plural  (stem extension and suffix)
Many nouns have more than one plural, for example  "knife", plural  (vowel change) or  (suffixation).

Many Shilha place-names are morphologically inflected nouns:
 "Anammeur"
 " Irhoreïsene"
 "Taroudant"
 "Tizegzaouine"
The same is the case with Shilha ethnic names:
 "the Ammeln" (singular )
 "the Achtouken" (singular )
 "the Ilallen" (singular )
 "the Isouktan" (singular )
Among the inflected nouns are found many incorporated loans. Examples include:
 "wax" (from Latin)
 "reeds" (from Punic)
 "vegetable plot, orchard" (from early Romance)
 "Muslim" (from Arabic)
 "letter, missive" (from Arabic)

Uninflected nouns
This is the least common type, which also includes some loans. Examples:
 "cuckoo"
 "thirst"
 "thumb"
 "tar" (from Arabic)
 "station" (from French)
 "index finger"
 "couscous"
 "cricket"
 "carrots"

It is probable that all uninflected nouns were originally masculine. The few that now take feminine agreement contain elements that have been reanalyzed as marking feminine gender, for example  "kind of spider" (initial  seen as feminine prefix),  "bat" (not an Arabic loanword, but final  analyzed as the Arabic feminine ending).

Many uninflected nouns are collectives or non-count nouns which do not have a separate plural form. Those that have a plural make it by preposing the pluralizer , for example  "stations".

The uninflected noun  or  "people, humans" is morphologically masculine singular but takes masculine plural agreement.

Names of people and foreign place-names can be seen as a subtype of uninflected nouns, for example  (man's name),  (woman's name),  "Fès",  "Portugal". Gender is not transparently marked on these names, but those referring to humans take gender agreement according to the natural sex of the referent (male/masculine, female/feminine).

Unincorporated loans
These are nouns of Arabic origin (including loans from French and Spanish through Arabic) which have largely retained their Arabic morphology. They distinguish two genders (not always unambiguously marked) and two numbers (explicitly marked). A notable feature of these nouns is that they are borrowed with the Arabic definite article, which is semantically neutralized in Shilha:
Moroccan Arabic  "the pistol" → Shilha  "the pistol, a pistol"
Moroccan Arabic  "the coffin" → Shilha  "the coffin, a coffin"
The Arabic feminine ending  is often replaced with the Shilha feminine singular suffix :
Moroccan Arabic  → Shilha  "fruit"
Moroccan Arabic  → Shilha  "tomb of a saint"
Arabic loans usually retain their gender in Shilha. The exception are Arabic masculine nouns which end in ; these change their gender to feminine in Shilha, with the final  reanalyzed as the Shilha feminine singular suffix :
Moroccan Arabic  "the prophetic tradition" (masculine) → Shilha  (feminine)
Moroccan Arabic  "death" (masculine) → Shilha  (feminine)
Arabic plurals are usually borrowed with the singulars. If the borrowed plural is not explicitly marked for gender (according to Arabic morphology) it has the same gender as the singular:
 "domestic animal" (feminine), plural  (feminine)
 "buckle" (masculine), plural  (masculine)
Loanwords whose singular is masculine may have a plural which is feminine, and marked as such (according to Arabic morphology), for example  "flag" (masculine), plural  (feminine).

Use of the annexed state
The annexed state (EA) of an inflected noun is used in a number of clearly defined syntactical contexts:
when the noun occurs as subject in postverbal position:

after most prepositions (see also ):

after numerals 1 to 10 and after the indefinite numeral (see also ):

after some elements which require a following noun phrase (see also ):
  "the people of Agadir"
  "he with EA-reed: flute player" (EL )
after  "like, such as" (premodern, obsolete in the modern language)

Outside these contexts, the EL is used. Uninflected nouns and unincorporated loans, which do not distinguish state, remain unchanged in these contexts.

Semantics of feminine nouns
The formation of feminine nouns from masculine nouns is a productive process. A feminine noun is formed by adding both the feminine nominal prefix  (and, if necessary, a vocalic prefix), and the feminine singular suffix  to a masculine noun. The semantic value of the feminine derivation is variable.

For many nouns referring to male and female humans or animals (mainly larger mammals), matching masculine and feminine forms exist with the same nominal stem, reflecting the sex of the referent:
 "widower" →  "widow"
 "Muslim" →  "Muslima"
 "twin boy" →  "twin girl"
 "cock, rooster" →  "hen"
 "lion" →  "lioness"
 "moufflon" →  "female moufflon"
In a few cases there are suppletive forms:
 "man, husband" ―  "woman, wife"
 "buck" ―  "goat"
Feminine nouns derived from masculine nouns with inanimate reference have diminutive meaning:
 "stone" →  "small stone"
 "cave" →  "hole, lair"
 "room" →  "small room"
 "box" →  "little box"
 "garden" →  "small garden"
Conversely, a masculine noun derived from a feminine noun has augmentative meaning:
 "lake" →  "large lake"
 "house" →  "large house"
 "fan palm" →  "large fan palm"
Feminine nouns derived from masculine collective nouns have singulative meaning:
 "maize" →  "a cob"
 "peppers" →  "a pepper"
 "aubergines" →  "an aubergine"
 "matches" →  "a match"
Feminine derivations are also used as names of languages, professions and activities:
  "Dutchman" →  "the Dutch language"
  "the French" →  "the French language"
  "blacksmith" →  "blacksmith's profession"
  "beggar" →  "begging"
  "miser" →  "avarice"
  "(my) brother" →  "brotherhood"
There is an overlap here with feminine nouns denoting females:
  "Frenchwoman" and "the French language"
  "beggarwoman" and "begging"

Nominal deictic clitics
There are three deictic clitics which can follow a noun: proximal  "this, these", distal  "that, those" (compare ) and anaphoric  "the aforementioned":
  "[as for] this honey, it is not expensive"
  "the cold has badly afflicted that goat"
  "then he gave the bird to some children to play with"

Personal pronouns
There are three basic sets of personal pronouns:
independent
direct object clitics
suffixes
In addition, there are two derived sets which contain the suffixed pronouns (except in 1st singular):
indirect object clitics
possessive complements
Gender is consistently marked on 2nd singular, and on 2nd and 3rd plural. Gender is not consistently marked on 3rd singular and 1st plural. Gender is never marked on 1st singular.

The independent ("overt") pronouns are used to topicalize the subject or the object.

They are also used with certain pseudo-prepositions such as  "like",  "except":

The direct object clitics are used with transitive verbs:

The 3rd singular feminine variant  is used after a dental stop, compare:
 "bring her here!" (imperative singular)
 "bring her here!" (imperative plural masculine)
The direct object clitics are also used to indicate the subject with pseudo-verbs, and with the presentative particle  "here is, ":
 (alone me) "I alone"
 (all them) "they all, all of them"
 (absent him) "he's not there, he's disappeared"
 (where her) "where is she?"
 (here.is me) "here I am"
The pronominal suffixes are used with prepositions to indicate the object (see ), and with a closed set of necessarily possessed kinship terms to indicate possession (see ). The plural forms add an infix  before the suffix with kinship terms, for example  "our father" (never *); this infix also occurs with some prepositions as a free or dialectal variant of the form without the :
 or  "on them"
 "with them" (never *)

The indirect object clitics convey both benefactive and detrimental meaning:

The possessive complements follow the noun (see ).

Prepositions
Prepositions can have up to three different forms, depending on the context in which they are used:
before a noun or demonstrative pronoun
with a pronominal suffix
independent in relative clause
The form before nouns and demonstrative pronouns and the independent form are identical for most prepositions, the exception being the dative preposition  (independent , ).

Most prepositions require a following inflected noun to be in the annexed state (EA) (see ). Exceptions are  "until",  "toward" (in some modern dialects, and in premodern texts) and prepositions borrowed from Arabic (not in the table) such as  "after" and  "before".

The instrumental and allative prepositions  "by means of" (with EA) and  "toward" (with EL) were still consistently kept apart in premodern manuscript texts. In most modern dialects they have been amalgamated, with both now requiring the EA, and with the pre-pronominal forms each occurring with both meanings:  "toward it" (now also "with it"),  "with it" (now also "toward it").

The use of the different forms is illustrated here with the preposition  "in":

Two prepositions can be combined:

Spatial relations are also expressed with phrases of the type "on top of":
 "on top of the dung heap"
 "beside the road"
 "in the midst of the river"
The preposition  "in" with pronominal suffixes, with all its free and dialectal variants, is presented below. The other prepositions display a much smaller variety of forms.

Numerals
The inherited cardinal numeral system consists of ten numerals (still in active use) and three numeral nouns (now obsolete) for "a tensome", "a hundred" and "a thousand". There is also an indefinite numeral meaning "several, many" or "how many?" which morphologically and syntactically patterns with the numerals 1 to 10. For numbers of 20 and over, Arabic numerals are commonly used.

Numerals 1 to 10, indefinite numeral
These are listed below. The formation of feminine "one" and "two" is irregular.

The numerals 1 to 10 are constructed with nouns (inflected nouns in the EA), the gender of the numeral agreeing with that of the noun:

The same obtains with the indefinite numeral:
 "several/many EA-horses, how many horses?"
 "several/many EA-cows, how many cows?"
Numerals ,  "one" also serve as indefinite article, for example  "one Westerner, a Westerner", and they are used independently with the meaning "anyone" (), "anything" ():
 "he didn't see anyone"
 "I'm not afraid of anything"
The final  of masculine  "one" and  "two" is often assimilated or fused to a following ,  or :
  →  "one EA-day"
  →  "one EA-year"
  →  "a place"
  →  "two EA-years"
  →  "two EA-months"

Teens
The teens are made by connecting the numerals 1 to 9 to the numeral 10 with the preposition  "with". In the premodern language, both numerals took the gender of the counted noun, with the following noun in the plural (EA):

In the modern language, fused forms have developed in which the first numeral is always masculine, while the following noun is in the singular, and connected with the preposition  "of":

Tens, hundreds, thousands
There are three inherited nouns to denote "a tensome", "a hundred" and "a thousand". These now seem to be obsolete, but they are well attested in the premodern manuscripts. Morphologically, they are ordinary inflected nouns.

The tens, hundreds and thousand were formed by combining the numerals 1 to 10 with the numeral nouns:

The numeral nouns are connected with the preposition  "of" to a noun, which is most often in the singular:

In the modern language the Arabic tens are used, which have developed a separate feminine form:

The numerals between the tens are most frequently made with the Arabic numerals 1 to 10:

The Arabic hundreds and thousands are used in the modern language, taking the places of the original numeral nouns while the original syntax is maintained:

There is also a vigesimal system built on the Arabic numeral  "twenty, score", for example:

Ordinal numerals
First and last are usually expressed with relative forms of the verbs  "to be first" and  "to be last":

There are also agent nouns derived from these verbs which are apposed to a noun or used independently:

The other ordinals are formed by prefixing masc. , fem.  to a cardinal numeral, which is then constructed with a plural noun in the usual manner:

The ordinal prefixes is also used with Arabic numerals and with the indefinite numeral:
 "the 25th [day] of [the month] Dhū al-Qaʿda"
 "the how-manieth time?"

Because four of the numerals 1 to 10 begin with , the geminated  that results from the prefixation of ,  (as in , , etc.) is often generalized to the other numerals: , , , etc.

Verbs
A Shilha verb form is basically a combination of a person-number-gender (PNG) affix and a mood-aspect-negation (MAN) stem.

Sample verb
The workings of this system are illustrated here with the full conjugation of the verb  "to give". The perfective negative goes with the negation  "not". The imperfective goes with the preverbal particle  (except usually the imperative, and the relative forms).

The verb  "give" has the full complement of four different MAN stems:
Aorist  ―  in 1st, 2nd and 3rd singular, 1st plural, and the imperatives, but  in 2nd and 3rd plural
Perfective  ―  in 1st and 2nd singular, but  with the other forms
Perfective negative  ― all forms
Imperfective  (an irregular formation) ― all forms

Person-number-gender affixes
There are two basic sets of PNG affixes, one set marking the subject of ordinary verb forms, and another set marking the subject of imperatives.

Two suffixes (singular , plural ) are added to the 3rd singular and masculine 3rd plural masculine verb forms respectively to make relative forms (also known as "participles"), as in  "who gives",  "who give".

Mood-aspect-negation stems
A few verbs have just one MAN stem. The majority of verbs have two, three or four different MAN stems. The Aorist stem serves as the citation form of a verb. The list below offers an overview of MAN stem paradigms. Around 15 paradigms of non-derived verbs can be recognized, based on the formation of the Perfective and the Perfective negative. Further subdivisions could be made on the basis of the formations of the Imperfective. All sections in the list contain a selection of verbs, except sections 12, 14, and 15, which contain a full listing.

Uses of MAN stems
The table below is adapted from Kossmann (2012:40, table 2.12 Uses of MAN stems in Figuig Berber).

Stative verbs
Shilha has around twenty stative verbs which are still recognizable as a separate type of verb on the basis of their MAN stem paradigms. In earlier stages of the language, these verbs had their own separate set of PNG markers, which are sporadically found in premodern manuscripts:
 "the night, it is long" (cf. modern )
 "medicines are bitter" (cf. modern )
In the modern language, these verbs take the regular PNG markers. Only the original singular relative form without prefix  may still be encountered, for example  or  (mountain which.is.big) "big mountain". Stative verbs do not have a separate Perfective negative form. The table shows a selection of stative verbs.

Verbal deictic clitics
There are two deictic clitics which are used with verbs to indicate movement toward or away from the point of reference: centripetal  "hither" and centrifugal  "thither":

The use of these clitics is compulsory (idiomatic) with certain verbs. For example, the verb  "come" almost always goes with the centripetal particle, and  "find" with the centrifugal clitic:

When the verbal deictic clitics occur after an object pronoun, they change to  and :

Possession

Within a noun phrase
A possessive construction within a noun phrase is most frequently expressed as Possessee  Possessor. The preposition  "of" requires a following inflected noun to be in the annexed state. This kind of possessive construction covers a wide range of relationships, including both alienable and inalienable possession, and most of them not involving actual ownership:
 "Daoud's waterhole"
 "the entrance of the grain silo"
 "Brahim's children"
 "pots of clay"
 "a little salt"
 "the price of maize"
 "after lunch"
 "the city of Istanbul"
 "the rising of the sun"
 "the road to school"
 "the religion of the Jews"
 "the story of Joseph"
Many such possessive constructions are compounds, whose meaning cannot be deduced from the ordinary meaning of the nouns:
 "road of straw: the Milky Way"
 "mouth of jackal: a length measure"
 "ravine of lice: nape, back of the neck"
 "needle of hedges: kind of bird"
The possessor can itself be a possessee in a following possessive construction:
 "the era of the reign of Moulay Lahcen"
 "the time of the giving birth of the sheep and goats"
As a rule, the preposition  assimilates to, or fuses with, a following , ,  or :
 →  "the language of the Arabs"
 →  "horse-doctor"
 →  "the season of rain"
 →  "the king of the Muslims"
 →  "orange tree"
 →  "maize of Egypt"
The possessor can also be expressed with a pronominal possessive complement. This consists of a pronominal suffix added to the preposition, which then takes the shape  (see ). The form of the 1st singular possessive complement is anomalous:  after a vowel, and  after a consonant (or, in some dialects, ):
 "my head"
 "my hands"
 "my leg"
 "your (sg.m.) pouch"
 "your (sg.f.) affairs"
 "his clothes"
 "her opinion"
 "its smell"
 "our neighbours"
 "your (pl.m.) occupation"
 "your (pl.f.) friends"
 "their (m.) livelihood"
 "their (f.) locks of hair"

Within a clause
There are two ways to express possession within a clause. The most common way is to use the "exist with" construction:

The verb  "exist" (perfective ) is usually omitted, leaving a verbless clause:

Alternatively, the verb  "hold, possess" can be used:

In addition, there is the verb  "possess" (perfective ), whose use is restricted to (inalienable) part-whole relationships and kinship relationships:

In al its usages  can be replaced with  or the "exist with" construction, but not the other way around:

 , or
(EL-hand-mill it.possesses one EA-handle)
"a hand-mill has one handle"
 , not *
(I.possess two EA-houses)
"I have two houses"

Possessed nouns
These are a subtype of uninflected nouns. As with proper names, gender is not transparently marked on possessed nouns, which take gender agreement according to the natural sex of the referent. Plurals are either suppletive or made with the preposed pluralizer . Most possessed nouns are consanguinal kinship terms which require a possessive suffix (the table contains a selection).

These kinship terms cannot occur without pronominal suffix. Example:

If these nouns are part of an NP-internal possessive construction, possession must be indicated twice:

The suffix must also be added when possession is expressed in a clause:

Some kinship terms are not possessed nouns but inflected nouns which take possessive complements (see examples above).

Another group of possessed nouns require a following noun phrase, occurring only in an NP-internal possessive phrase. A following inflected noun must be in the EA.

These four possessed nouns occur as first element in compound kinship terms (see above;  then becomes  in  "the brother of"). They also serve to indicate descent, origin and ethnicity:
  "Ahmed son of Moussa" (name of a famous saint)
 "member of the Aït Brayyim ethnic group"
 "native of outside: a foreigner"
 "a native of Taroudant"
 "the natives of Aguercif"
 "native woman of Aglou"
 "the women of Tafraout"
When  is followed by another (phonemic)  the result is :
  →  "native of Ouijjane" (also surname: Gouijjane)
  →  "a man, son of a man: a man of virtue"
 occurs in many Shilha ethnonyms:
 "the Sons of Boubker" (Aït Boubker), singular
 "the Sons of Ouafka" (Aït Ouafka), singular  →

Proprietive and privative elements
The proprietive elements masc.  "he with, he of" and fem.  "she with, she of" are borrowed from Arabic (original meaning "father of", "mother of"). They are used as formative elements and require a following inflected noun to be in the annexed state. The plural is formed with the pluralizer :
 (he of seven EA-words) "a liar"
 (he of EA-forest) "wild boar"
 (he with EA-letters) "postman"
 (PL he with EA-bucket) "French soldiers (wearing a képi)"
In many cases,  fuses with a following nominal prefix:
  (he with EA-poetry) →  "a poet"
  (he with EA-frogs) →  "Biougra" (place-name)
The feminine  is encountered less frequently:
 (she with EA-mats) "prayer room in a mosque"
 (she with delusion) "the world, worldly existence"
 (PL she with EA-threads) "needles"

The privative elements masc.  "he without" and fem.  "she without" are made up of a gender prefix (masculine , feminine ) and an element  which is probably related to the negation  "not". They do not require the annexed state, and should probably be translated as "who does not have", with the following noun phrase as object:
 (he without EL-partner) "God"
 (PL he without EL-job) "the unemployed"
 (she without EL-daylight) "wide-brimmed hat"
 (she without certainty) "the world, worldly existence"

Lexicon

Tashlhiyt, like other Berber languages, has a small number of loanwords from Phoenician-Punic, Hebrew, and Aramaic. There are also Latin loans from the time of the Roman empire, although the region in which Tashlhiyt is spoken was never in the empire's territory.

Most Tashlhiyt loanwords are Arabic in origin. Maarten Kossmann estimates that about 6% of the basic Tashlhiyt lexicon is borrowed from Arabic; Salem Chaker estimates that 25% of the stable lexicon overall is borrowed from Arabic.

Although some nouns denoting typically Islamic concepts such as  "mosque",  "ritual prayer",  "fasting", which certainly belong to the very oldest layer of Arabic loans, are fully incorporated into Shilha morphology, many equally central Islamic concepts are expressed with unincorporated nouns, for example  "Islam",  "pilgrimage to Mecca",  "alms tax". It is possible that during the early stages of islamization such concepts were expressed with native vocabulary or with earlier, non-Arabic loans. One such term which has survived into the modern era is  "ewe for slaughter on the (Islamic) Feast of Immolation", from , the Latinized name of the Jewish festival of Passover (Pesaḥ) or, more specifically, of the paschal lamb (qorbān Pesaḥ) which is sacrificed during the festival. Another example is  "sins", obsolete in the modern language, but attested in a premodern manuscript text, whose singular  is borrowed from Romance (cf. Spanish , Latin ; modern Shilha uses  "sins", from Arabic).

Tashlhiyt numerals 5 to 9 may be loanwords, although their origin is unclear; they do not seem to originate from Phoenician-Punic or Arabic. Additionally, all Tashlhiyt numerals agree in gender, whereas Arabic numerals do not.

Secret languages
Destaing mentions a secret language (argot) called  or  which is spoken by "some people of Souss, in particular the descendants of Sidi Ḥmad u Musa." He quotes an example:  "do you speak the secret language?"

Two secret languages used by Shilha women are described by Lahrouchi and Ségéral. They are called  (cf. Shilha  "deaf-mute person") and  or . They employ various processes, such as reduplication, to disguise the ordinary language.

Notes and references

Cited works and further reading

Various online articles

John Coleman, "Epenthetic vowels in Tashlhiyt Berber" (includes sound samples)

External links

World atlas of language structures (WALS) – Tashlhiyt (data not entirely accurate)

EL:free state ("état libre")
EA:annexed state ("état d'annexion")
ORD:ordinal numeral

Berber languages
Berbers in Morocco
Languages of Morocco

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Heroes and Idols
In my previous video, I mentioned my bodybuilding heroes, who I've worshipped for years. A good friend asked me who they were.
So, the first answer is abstract. The first image I aspired to was a kind of amalgamation of a hundred different things. When I was a kid in the late 80s and 90s, there were images of muscular men around me.
I admired this, but only as an image.
I knew who Arnold Schwarzenegger was, who Sylvester Stallone was, who Jean Claude van Damme was, but I didn't aspire to be like any of them. I loved their muscles, cherished the moments when they'd flex, or when their sheer largeness would be particularly apparent. But they weren't heroes because I didn't want to be like any one of them, specifically.
Dorian Yates won six consecutive Mr Olympia titles in the 90s.
I didn't really follow competitive bodybuilding as a younger person, either. I'd only look at bodybuilding magazines when I thought I was unobserved in a store, always ready to put them back in a hurry and pick up something else if threatened with discovery. I think I had a vague idea who Dorian Yates was, the multiple Mr Olympia winner in the mid 90s who ushered in the era of the "mass monster," where things like balance, proportion, and beauty were cast aside for blockier and bigger bodies, the freakier the better. But I never really cared that much about bodybuilding as a "sport" (is it actually a sport? Or is "sport" a term that bodybuilding culture attempts to leverage for other reasons? debatable).
So I guess my first idol didn't have a name. It was an idea. Some amalgamation of images. Arnold as the Terminator striding naked through the misty Los Angeles night. A bodybuilding competition (which? I never knew or cared to know) glimpsed on the television unexpectedly. The old Charles Atlas nerd-to-hunk ads in comic books. Shirtless Eddie Brock / Venom lifting weights and planning his revenge on Peter Parker in the 90's animated Spiderman cartoon, montage-style, muscles seeming to inflate with each rep. And maybe a hundred other things, all mashed together. I didn't care about the personalities or histories of these people, real or fictional, what they might be like, what motivated them, what challenges they might have overcome, how they interacted with society. It was all surface, all image, all fantasy.
But now that I'm older and that I engage with bodybuilding in a deeper way, I have a few actual flesh and blood people I might point to as individuals I idolize, or at least deeply respect.
Craig Golias
Back in the day I use to chase trophies now i'm chasing dreams!!!! No one needs a judge to tell you how you look! Let the mirror do the talking!!!! SNAPCHAT👻👻👻CRAIGGOLIAS #fuckskinnygethuge #craiggolias #lvac #bodybuilding #bodybuilder #huge #massive #shredded #fitfam #fitspo #fitness #fit #gym #train #instalove #instafit #instagood #instasize #train #motivation #vegas #gains #bikini #physique #snapchat
A post shared by craiggolias (@craiggolias) on Apr 17, 2017 at 5:12pm PDT
Craig Golias hasn't competed in years. He doesn't need to, or want to. His slogan is "fuck skinny, get huge." As he has explained it, he doesn't mean this to be a slight against skinny people, but rather to be a radical celebration of size in a society obsessed with thinness, a push towards embracing freakdom. He's never crypt-keeper lean like competition-ready bodybuilders (and thus, I suspect, he might be healthier than smaller – though still titanic – men who repeatedly subject themselves to the hell of a contest). Craig adamantly follows his own rules, does things his own way. At 6'3", he is, at the moment, just shy of 350 lbs. Rich Piana is another "outsider" figure who embodies some of these qualities, but Piana is shouty, in-your-face, full of bluster, full of aggression and performative masculinity. I admire Piana's radical honesty in an arena where so many lack that (what steroid cycles has Piana used? He'll tell you, in a youtube video – this is very rare). Golias is more playful and less self-serious, has a tiny puffball of a dog called Princess (versus the oh so butch bulldogs preferred by so many bodybuilder bros), and is generally LGBTQ-friendly. It seems like he's enjoying himself, like he takes pleasure in what he does, and in sharing that enthusiasm with others – a depressingly rare quality in the public personae of so many bodybuilders, who are always frowning, scowling, looking constipated, etc. Golias just seems like a genuinely great guy who's doing bodybuilding for the only reason that really matters: to please himself, and no one else. He seems happy.
Bob Paris
Bob Paris, the first out professional bodybuilder.
The first out gay IFBB (international federation of bodybuilding) professional. Very few have followed in his footsteps (Mike Ergas and…. anyone else??). Paris came out in the late 80s or early 90s, when it was a lot riskier and more dangerous than now – and even today, few gay pros have the courage to do what he did (I know for sure of at least one closet case in the professional ranks, and I'm sure there are others). He's a hero for this reason alone – he didn't just have big muscles, he was strong in a way that really counts. Bodybuilding fans admire him for his flawless proportions, like Michelangelo's David dialed up to 11, but that's less interesting to me – proportions and aesthetics aren't what excite me so much as mass. But, you know. It's nice that the first out gay bodybuilder was a superlative success in one of the main categories of the sport/"sport."
Kai Greene
Everyone has their own ways of expression. I believe we all have a lot to say, but finding ways to say it is more than half the battle. The world may not be ready for some people when they show up, but that shouldn't stop anyone. #KingKai
A post shared by Kai Greene (@kaigreene) on Nov 7, 2016 at 7:59pm PST
There have been very few out gay bodybuilders, an impossible to discern number of closeted ones, and then a small army who have done gay-for-pay porn (soft-core or hard-core or escort work, take your pick). Kai Greene doing an office strip-tease and eventually sticking his dick into a grapefruit on a webvideo early on is a moment that has haunted his should-have-won-the-Mr-Olympia career. To his credit, he does not respond to this with a reactionary performance of hyper-normativity. Kai Greene is, to be blunt, an artsy weirdo, and I love him for it. Earlier this decade, he was the perpetual runner-up to multiple Olympia winner Phil Heath. He is the antithesis of Heath. Heath is bodybuilding as a sport, an arrogant college jock who never surprises you. Greene is bodybuilding as art, nothing but surprises, turning his posing routines into strange and challenging displays, making inscrutable statements. And he actually is an artist in the more typical sense of things, painting enormous canvases as well as transforming his actual body into a walking piece of performance art.
Peter Molnar
A post shared by Péter Molnár (@petermolnarofficial) on Dec 5, 2015 at 8:43am PST
Molnar is my phone's current wallpaper, for purely inspirational purposes. Molnar is from Hungary and I don't know all that much about him beyond the fact that he used to play a lot of World of Warcraft (a lot of bodybuilders are basically nerds, underneath the muscles). But the way his musculature just hangs off his frame. God. If I could snap my fingers and have anyone's build, it would be Molnar's. It's impossible, the genetics just aren't there (part of what makes his look so striking is the lucky combination of genetics). But my god, I want it I want it I want it.
Tags bodybuilders, bodybuilding, heroes, idols, inspiration, lifting, muscle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Behind the scenes with Shepard Smith — the Fox News star who just announced his resignation from the network
Graham Flanagan
Shepard Smith announced that he's leaving Fox News after 23 years at the cable news network.
The anchor had been with Fox News since its inception in 1996.
In 2017, we went behind the scenes with Shep Smith at the Fox News Deck — a $10 million state-of-the-art set and newsgathering area.
Editor's Note: This video was originally published on December 13, 2017.
We spent a very busy news day behind the scenes with Shepard Smith, the Fox News Channel anchor who has been with the company since its inception in 1996. Smith, 53, hosts the network's 3 PM hour, during which he reports from the Fox News Deck, a $10 million state-of-the-art set and newsgathering area.
According to Nielsen, "Shepard Smith Reporting" is, during 2017 so far, the highest-rated cable news program in its time slot, averaging 1.5 million viewers every day.
Unlike opinion-driven Fox News shows like "Hannity" and "Justice w/ Judge Jeanine," Smith specializes in reporting the facts, and he calls on Fox News' roster of correspondents in the field and in-house reporters to cover breaking news stories, sans opinion.
On the day we caught up with Smith, he and his editorial staff feverishly juggled the myriad major stories all contending to be featured during the show's opening segment. We got an inside look at how the show comes together, and we also asked Smith about what makes him unique when compared to other talent at Fox News. We also asked about how he hasn't been afraid to take Trump to task for saying what Smith calls "untrue things."
Following is a transcript of the video.
Shepard Smith: I've been doing this for 30 years. I've never been in a news cycle like this where it just – it just keeps coming. We have four lead stories today. They could all be a lead. Al Franken now has – it was 10 senators. Within the last hour, it's now 24 senators who are calling for him to resign. Roy Moore – the president has endorsed now three times. And Southern California is burning.
Jon Glenn: The news cycle is on speed these days. Every few hours, there's a new lead, and you can see today, you know, we have 34 minutes to air. There's a good chance it will change again. I mean, I haven't looked at my phone in two minutes, so it might have already changed.
Smith: As of right now, we lead with the president's decision to move the embassy of the United States to Jerusalem in Israel.
[Smith has worked for Fox News since it started in 1996]
Smith: I was here a year before the channel actually started, so I've been here 22 years. Everything has changed in our business. When I came here, I had a pager. Now, it's just a cacophony of news-noise and an avalanche of information. And learning to deal with it has been the biggest change in my life.
Whenever I'm not speaking (to reporters), I'll listen to what they're saying while looking for updates in everything else that we're covering. Over time, you just learn to listen and type and read all at the same time, but the main thing is being up to date on what's happening. If you get behind in today's news cycle, you will never catch up.
Smith [From February 16, 2017 broadcast]: Continuing coverage of the president's news conference that happened earlier this afternoon and, you know, it's sort of our job to let you know when things are said that aren't true. This president keeps telling untrue things, and he does it every single time he's in front of a microphone.
Smith [from interview]: If someone were to stand up and say 2 +2 = 6, it's beholden on me to correct that, because it isn't 6. It's 4. A lot of our audience is a right wing audience. They're a conservative audience. They're a traditional audience, but it's not as if they don't understand that sometimes the facts aren't on your side. There is an enormous audience out there that won't believe that. Those in the far right and far left, because – so often, the facts fly in the face of your own worldview.
Sometimes, your side is wrong. I'm here to give the facts, and I don't really care what you think.


Researchers have suggested for years that primates are more developed at birth than humans because we walk upright. Upright walking was thought to limit the size of the birth canal. In theory, if the birth canal was large enough to handle a larger head (or larger brain) it would hinder upright walking. According to new research, this theory is not based on sound fact or clinical research. Women with wider hips do not exhibit difficulty walking upright and metabolism may just be the controlling factor in human gestation.
Growing a fetus takes tons of calories. Expecting women increase calorie intake by about 300 calories a day, if they are following the general obstetric guidelines, for a singlet pregnancy. These extra calories are used to supply the energy needed for placental development, uterine growth and fetal growth, but there is only so much the human body can handle. Holly Dunsworth of the University of Rhode Island claims the human body stops gestation and starts the labor process when a pregnant woman's body reaches the metabolic limit.
The metabolic limit is the point at which the body can no longer spend any more energy, safely, on the growing fetus. The body triggers labor because further growth would place undue strain on the pregnant woman. This theory is in direct contrast to theories that claimed hip breadth limited gestational age to 40 weeks.
The new theory is called Energetics, Gestation and Growth or EGG for short. The basic premise is simple. Mom carries the fetus until her body is about to cross into the metabolic red zone and then labor starts. EGG is not based on the amount of calories a woman takes in during pregnancy, but the amount of calories her body can transform into energy and burn for fetal growth. The body is limited to a certain ceiling of calorie burn and when gestation causes the body to near that ceiling the signal is sent to deliver the fetus.
Further research is needed to reinforce this new theory, but researchers involved with the study are convinced that hip breadth has nothing to do with gestational time.
Source: Holly Dunsworth, Anna Warrener, et al. University of Rhode Island. August 30, 2012.


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Corsair Vengeance M60 gaming mouse
This Corsair Vengeance M60 mouse represents the next step for Corsair – peripherals.
Specifically, high-end peripherals designed for the gamer who's prepared to pay a little more for a rugged build and enhanced usability.
The Vengeance M60 FPS gaming mouse is a prime example of that – premium components, eight-button functionality, and all the extras like adjustable DPI buttons and a mega-low DPI 'sniper' button that's rapidly becoming the standard for a gaming rodent.
Corsair has a pretty impressive pedigree across a number of fields. The Californian company started out producing L2 cache modules, and today it's still go-to guy for performance RAM like the Vengeance and Dominator DDR3 ranges.
In recent times we've seen speaker systems, power supplies, PC chassis and USB flash drives all bearing the Corsair name, and by and large it signals a mark of the highest quality.
The specs for this new mouse are impressive, but can Corsair really pull off a flawless debut into the mouse market with the Corsair Vengeance M60?
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the answer's yes.
There are two mice in Corsair's fledgling range – the M90 caters for the MMO gamer's needs, and as such sports fifteen programmable buttons.
This M60 sets its sights square and true on the first-person shooter afficionado, for whom split seconds and DPI figures are everything.
With that said, even the grouchiest CS:S gamer will be happy with the Corsair Vengeance M60's performance.
The jury's still out on whether DPI really makes a huge difference, but the M60's adjustable polling rate, high tracking speed and low-friction PTFE pads make for a noticeably smooth experience.
And if you're still hung up on that DPI comment, it's 100 dots higher than our previous darling of the rodent world, Mad Catz's Cyborg R.A.T. 7.
This is a mouse that lots of clever people have sat and thought about for a long time – that much is evident in its ergonomic design.
The sniper button feels well-placed enough that you'd actually use it, and the thumb rest blends perfectly into your mouse mat.
Having experimented with the M60 it turns out to be comfortable in all but the most improbable hand position, which is worth thinking about if you're such a pro gamer that you've analysed your own grip.
You don't have to be Fatal1ty to expect more adjustable weighting though, and that's sadly off the menu with this mouse. All you get are three removable weights in the base, so you can make it lighter but not heavier is that is your bag.
Take an eyeful of the price tag and you'll understand why the Corsair Vengeance M60 doesn't offer this – it's clear that most of the money has been spent on its remarkable build quality – but it does lose ground to the similarly-priced R.A.T. 5 from Mad Catz here, which is far more adjustable by weight.
For a debut effort, the Corsair Vengeance M60 mouse is incredible.
It's hard to pick a fault with it if you're a FPS gamer. Primarily, you want a comfortable mouse that doesn't have a ton of buttons you'll keep accidentally pressing at a fair price, and Corsair's rodent ticks all those boxes with confidence.
The adjustable DPI and sniper button are useful additions in a layout that otherwise shows restraint, and it feels like it could survive a nuclear blast.
It is missing out on more fully-adjustable weights and a free-rolling wheel, but the low price eases those concerns considerably.
Corsair's debut mouse hits the ground running – right to the front of the pack.
Posted in Laptop battery, Laptop News	| Tagged corsair, fledgling-range, grouchiest, Laptop, led, make-it-lighter, money, price, quality
The Intel Core i7 3930K is the cheaper alternative to the top-end Sandy Bridge E processor. But then many second hand cars are cheaper than the top-end Sandy Bridge E processor.
At nearly £500 it's still an expensive CPU, but currently it's the only LGA 2011 processor worth a look.
The Intel Core i7 3960X, that top-end Sandy Bridge E, is a positively preposterous processor. For in excess of £800, you get a chip that's not substantially quicker than Intel's own Core i7 980X of two years ago.
Not at stock clocks, at least. Admittedly, the Core i7 3960X does overclock very nicely indeed and in doing so opens up a gap from ye olde 980X.
But we've reviewed the 3960X elsewhere and deemed it disappointing, moderately sinister (it's prima facie evidence of Intel carpet bagging in response to AMD's failure to bring out a really quick chip) and largely irrelevant to human existence.
This then is the Intel Core i7 3930K and it's not the same chip. Not precisely, anyway.
You can see below just how small a gap, in performance terms, there is between the i7 3960X and the i7 3930K.
It's also interesting just how close the latest traditional Sandy Bridge chip, the Intel Core i7 2700K, is in general performance terms too, especially in gaming and single-threaded speeds.
3D rendering performance
Video encoding performance
CPU gaming performance
Yes, this Core i7 3930K is based on the same, quite colossal 2.27 billion transistor chip, known as Sandy Bridge E. So, it shares most of the same specifications as the Core i7 3960X. That starts with six cores in Intel's latest Sandy Bridge-generation idiom.
Next up we have a new memory controller no fewer than four (yes four, count 'em) channels.
Intel's previous high end processors sported a triple channel memory controller. Even that looked like overkill for a desktop processor. Four channels is getting silly and merely serves to underline the real reason the new Core i7 exists.
It's a thinly disguised server chip.
Whatever the merits of the quad channel controller, it forces the use of a new socket, the monumental LGA 2011. If nothing else, you are getting a satisfyingly massive chip for your money.
What's more, thanks to the 'K' on the end of Intel Core i7 3930K, this lower priced alternative to the Intel Core i7 3960X gets the full unlocked treatment and also benefits from the newly introduced CPU strap, the better to make overclocking a bit more flexible.
At this stage, you may be wondering what on earth the difference actually is.
The answer is twofold. Firstly it's clocked infinitesimally lower – 3.2GHz instead of 3.6GHz, along with a commensurate climb down in the maximum Turbo speed to 3.8GHz. The other bit is less L3 cache memory to the tune of 3MB. The 3930K makes do with 12MB.
Frankly, both of these compromises in the name of cost savings fall into the 'who cares?' category.
In terms of desktop computing, neither is going to make a blind bit of difference to experience your PC delivers. That's reflected in benchmarks that are barely any slower. Even better, the 3930K overclocks very nearly as well as the 3960X. Again the gap is just 100MHz, 4.8GHz on airs plays 4.9GHz.
So, here's the best bit. The 3930K costs over £300 less.
OK, £500 is still a big ask. But the difference in price alone is enough to buy a half decent desktop PC or a cheap laptop.
The point, then, is that this cheaper Sandy Bridge E gives you everything the top chip delivers for a lot less money.
There's absolutely no reason to spend. We're not completely convinced even this truly means the Intel Core i7 3930K is good value for money, but it's still a very fast processor and the chip we'd buy if we had a big budget.
We liked:
The fact that you're getting almost the same sort of performance out of this £500 Sandy Bridge E as the £850 Core i7 3960X makes it a more intriguing prospect.
The other boon of the Core i7 3930K is that it's got the same huge amount of overclocking headroom sitting in that CPU package. You can reach extraordinary speeds out of this architecture.
We disliked:
As it's still based on the same architecture as the Core i7 3960X it's also got the same flaws, namely that it's actually an eight-core CPU with a couple of cores turned off.
And despite the fact it's over £300 cheaper than the top end chip, the Core i7 3930K is still an incredibly pricey processor.
Final word:
Much better value than the 3960X. The obvious choice if you're thinking of the LGA 2011 platform.
Posted in Laptop battery	| Tagged architecture, difference, Intel, intel-core, means-the-intel, money, review, sandy, sandy-bridge
GDesk, iPhone theme for Symbian 5th Edition
Posted on November 11, 2011 by Arthur Jimmy
Increase the collection of GDesk Themes: Today we announce a theme based on the interface of the iPhone. We can say that the theme is very basic, as happens on the phone to Apple (at least up to firmware 3), but very fast in its use.
Crazy Goblins: World War II, arriving in a beautiful third-person Shooter Game
TouchArcade shows the first images of what will be a new third-person shooter game., Diasponibile soon in the App Store. The game is called Crazy Goblins: World War II. The developers who are creating have indicated that the work is still being improved and that soon it will offer its first video-game.
Even in terms of graphics the game looks well built, although the certainty is given by the video that will follow in the coming days. The game should still be available for next month.
We will keep you informed on this new titoloo, showing the possible future Screenshots and videos will be released. For now, no information on the weapons, missions and purpose of the game. We look forward to.
Poll: Improve Android updates? And if they were paid?
It is useless to deny it, revealing a certain discontent common regardless of whether it is Samsung, HTC, Acer, Sony Ericsson and other manufacturers, with respect to the Android software updates.
On the one hand there are the manufacturers: to develop a product, create the hardware, optimized the Android software, and especially change the interface specific UI is definitely a job for a week. The times are much longer than one interface is more complex and diverse. Continuously updates released by Google certainly does not help to keep up and also all the manufacturers need to think about different phones and not to a single device at the same time.
There are other users: who spends 400/500 € for a phone you expect, with good reason, to receive a long-lasting support, a series of updates that improve the software features and a clear transparent and sincere on the part communications company. In addition, the customer expects to receive updates for distribution terminals that are not too old and can accommodate a "major update" with the hardware Inventory report. The customer expects spending 400/500 € a life cycle of the phone at least 18/24 months.
This unfortunately seems to happen and the reasons are many and as always linked to the economic factor.
But how could we find a meeting point between the interests of the houses and those of users?
Copy the way Apple could be a very clever solution by releasing the "major update" for a fee. This would mean that, if a phone comes out with Android 2.1, and is updated while keeping the same version, the update will be released without charge. If, however, after months, is updated to a higher version, say Android 2.2, this can be paid aggironameto (5 / 10 € for example).
In practice, if we take a Hero released in late September with Cupcake 1.5, this nine months after receiving the update 2.1. This update may be issued to pay, perhaps to 9 €. With this system, the houses could recover the money "spent on" development and might be encouraged to release the first update.
By applying this methodology in a larger scale, an update released Android 2.2 to a Hero maybe in November or December at an extra charge, increase the life of the phone and do not abandon to its fate after a few months.
An optical simplistic and does not take into account other factors, and perhaps more specific regulation, but, assuming remaining generalist.
Steve Jobs WWDC 2010 focused on the iPhone OS
In a little less than a month will see Apple's most anticipated event: the presentation of new-generation iPhone. Together, the iPhone will be released the final version of the new firmware 4.0. During the WWDC, Apple will be rewarded by the best applications for iPhone and Mac, but this year's Design Awards, or the award of the Application, will be exclusively dedicated to the iPhone OS, leaving the Mac
Many developers who create their own app for the Mac have felt saddened by this decision, to the point that Gansrigler Matthias, Flickery maker, has decided to send an email to Steve Jobs to know the reasons for this choice.
In the email, Matthias wonders why Apple has put aside the Design Awards for Mac developers and if there are hopes for the future.
Steve's answer, strangely than usual argued:
We are focusing primarily (but not exclusively) on iPhone OS this year. Maybe next year we will focus mainly on Mac Just as is the normal cycle of things. No hidden meaning in everything.
Coming straight to the point, Steve admits that this year the work dedicated to the iPhone OS are really the most important. With the launch of the iPad and the imminent launch of the new iPhone, even within the resources of Cupertino are working on mainly two mobile devices.
So expect great things from this new OS for the time being only the third beta.
Other Electronics News:
fujitsu fpcbp136 battery
fujitsu fpcbp136ap battery
lenovo thinkpad x61 battery
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OverviewThis Corsair Vengeance M60 mouse represents the next step for Corsair – peripherals. Specifically, high-end peripherals designed for the gamer who's prepared to pay a little more fo


text:
Q: How to confirm whether I need a full Application Server? We have a product that runs as a war file in WildFly. We want to know whether it will run in a simple servlet container like Tomcat as well. Is there a way to confirm this, e.g. by code analysis?
In the past the code did depend on Java EE features, but much of this has been replaced with Spring components, so now we want to know whether we still need the full EE stack.
We could just run the war file in Tomcat, but is there a possibility that some errors (due to missing Java EE bindings) will not pop up at boot time, but only later (e.g. when scheduled background processes run)?

A: If you have EE Beans such as MDB, SLSB I believe you'll need the full application server.

A: I had to do similar thing recently. For that I had deployed and kept on changing things for which I was getting error.
If you are not using below features then you can try switching to Tomcat

*

*JMS

*Flexible and strong clustering

*JTA support for transaction management (can be added externally in tomcat using Bitronix/Atomikos)

*Advanced security features, etc.

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Middle-class teens twice as likely to drink as those from less affluent families
By Laura Donnelly, Health Editor 20 August 2019 • 12:29pm
Middle-class children are twice as likely to drink alcohol as those who are less affluent - with parents most likely to provide it, research suggests.
NHS data shows today's teenagers are less likely than previous generations to smoke or drink.
Overall, 10 per cent of those polled had drunk alcohol in the past week.
Meanwhile 16 per cent had tried cigarettes - a record low.
But the survey of more than 13,000 children aged 11 to 15 found far higher drinking levels among high-income families, with 13 per cent having had a drink in the last week, compared with 7 per cent among the least affluent.
The data shows that across all teens who drink, 71 per cent had obtained the alcohol from their parents. And the most common place to drink was at home, with 66 per cent of alcohol consumed here, while just 40 per cent said they were likely to drink at parties with friends.
The data also shows a relaxing in attitudes towards alcohol, which until 2014 were becoming increasingly critical.
Today's report found 27 per cent of teens thought it was okay to drink once a week - up from 24 per cent in 2014.
It also shows growing tolerance of drugs. In total, 24 per cent of teens had tried any type of drug. This is a rise from 15 per cent in 2014, but remains unchanged since 2016.
Since then, the figures have included "legal highs," which were excluded from surveys before then. The new poll found 13 per cent of children thought it was okay to try cannabis, up from 11 per cent two years ago, and 8 per cent in 2008.
The statistics show experimentation with cigarettes has reached a new low. While 49 per cent of children had tried smoking in 1996, last year just 16 per cent had done so, a fall from 19 per cent in 2016.
Cannabis,
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Drugs,
Iain Dale's picks for who could replace Boris Johnson as Prime Minister
Iain Dale 17 Jan 2022, 8:11am
Beleaguered vice president Kamala Harris plans image reboot
By David Millward 17 Jan 2022, 7:50am
Texas synagogue siege: Two teens arrested in Manchester as family of British terrorist reveal they spoke with him during standoff
By Robert Mendick 17 Jan 2022, 7:44am


text:
Q: check if value in column is date, and then do something with it I have a column that holds a rejected reason for a person.
The value is either something like "Person refused" or "10/18/2012"
I'm trying to setup my query to check if the value is a date, then it can put a blank space in its place. Otherwise, keep the text that's in there.
The query that I setup is:
SELECT DISTINCT person_id,
CASE description
  WHEN ISDATE(description) THEN ''
END AS refuseReason
    FROM person

But this returns an error. If the dates themselves are saved as VARCHAR, then would I have to convert them first to a date, then check to see if ISDATE? If I did that, would it convert the text when it comes accross that?
EDIT: I tried it by casting it to datetime, and i keep getting error as well:
SELECT DISTINCT person_id,
CASE description
  WHEN ISDATE(CAST(OBSVALUE AS DATETIME)) THEN ''
END AS refuseReason
    FROM person

A: (Assuming TSQL) IsDate() returns 1 or 0. (Also your CASE syntax was incorrect)
Try:
SELECT DISTINCT person_id,
CASE
  WHEN ISDATE(description) = 1 THEN ''
  ELSE description
END AS refuseReason
    FROM person

A: The ISDATE() functions returns a boolean 1 or 0
you have to make the clause by using
WHEN ISDATE(@variable) = 1 THEN ''
ELSE @variable


KAIBAB LAKE — We sampled the lake and caught a lot of largemouth bass, crappie and rainbow trout scattered around the whole lake with the bigger bass being caught on the upper end of the lake on the boat ramp side. Try fishing from the cove just east of the boat ramp to find the nice largemouth. No new angler reports. Folks were catching crappie on the upper end of the lake and folks are still catching catfish. Over 40,000 trout have been stocked in the lake this year.
CATARACT LAKE — We sampled the lake caught some really nice channel catfish and quite a few largemouth bass up to 2 lbs. We also sampled some really nice sized bluegill. Most of the catfish were concentrated along the north shore of the lake.
CITY RESERVOIR — No new reports. Stocked this week.
DOGTOWN LAKE — We electrofished the lake on 8/13 and caught some nice sized largemouth bass. The biggest we caught was almost 3 lbs and we caught a total of 10 bass 2lbs or larger during the sampling. The bass were concentrated near the dam and along the north shore. I have heard reports of some nice Brown Trout being caught by anglers at Dogtown. There haven't been any details just pictures. Stocked last week.
SANTA FE — Lake is open. We electrofished the lake on 8/16. We caught a lot of 5-6 inch yellow perch and black crappie.
WHITEHORSE LAKE — We elctrofished Whitehorse 8/14 and found out some of the largemouth bass stocked in March had spawned over the summer. Most of the fish were 5-8 inches long when they were stocked All of the bass and the black crappie looked healthy and the bass were fat. The biggest bass we caught was 12 inches long and weighed over a pound The minimum size you can keep bass in Whitehorse is 13 inches. Please release all of the bass caught this year so we can get them established. More bass will equal bigger crappie in the long run.
ASHURST LAKE — Cooler weather means better trout fishing in the area. Fly fishermen were catching fish yesterday when I was on the lake. For folks who don't fly fish try a joes fly fished behind a clear casting bubble. If you prefer bait fishing I would try garlic powerbait on the south west area of the lake. Stocked last week.
FRANCIS SHORT POND – Fall trout stockings have begun on the pond. 500 trout were stocked last week. Scheduled to be stocked this week.
KINNIKINICK LAKE — No reports. Scheduled to be stocked with Brown Trout this week.
OAK CREEK — No report. Stocked last week.