text:
Q: How to use multiple columns in whereIn statement? I have entity:
@Entity({
  name: 'test_table'
})
export class SomeEntity {
  @PrimaryGeneratedColumn({
    type: 'int4',
    name: 'id'
  })
  id: number;

  @Column({
    type: 'int2',
    name: 'some_column_1'
  })
  someColumn1: number;

  @Column({
    type: 'text',
    name: 'some_column_2'
  })
  someColumn2: string;
}

Now i need to create this query:
select id, some_column_1, some_column_2 from test_table where (some_column_1, some_column_2) in ( (1, 'test1'), (2, 'test2') )

For this query i try to:
//.......
.where("(some_column_1, some_column_2) IN (:...arr)", {
  arr: [
    [1, 'test1'],
    [2, 'test2']
  ]
})
.getMany();

And i get Error:
input of anonymous composite types is not implemented
How to create this query in typeorm?
Database is postgres

A: Instead of passing the tuple as parameter like IN(:arr) you should build the sql on your own. For example:
const inTuples = items.map(item => `(${item.column1}, ${item.column2})`).join(",")
const result = await demoRepo.createQueryBuilder("demo")
   .where(`(demo.column1, demo.column2) IN (${inTuples})`)
   .getMany()

A: I'm not sure how to rebuild your query in one statement, but the following should work:
const arr = [
 [1, 'test1'],
 [2, 'test2']
];
queryBuilder.where('some_column_1 IN(:arr)', { arr: arr });
queryBuilder.andWhere('some_column_2 IN(:arr)', { arr: arr });
queryBuilder.getMany();


Finding journal articles can depend on many things such as your topic, the type of source needed (e.g., scholarly, magazine), and other things. To help you get started use the Finding Research Materials and Finding Scholarly Articles guides which explain the basic things you need to know when searching for journal articles.
For further assistance schedule a Research Appointment or speak with a Librarian at 852-0433.


(1.) Work, earn, save, retire, die. Each one of these words is filled with so much meaning a book could be written about them. Words are like that: they are spacious.
(2.) The humble ant is a mighty powerhouse of strength, a shining exemplar of courage, and a perfectly meshed team player. However, all you need to do step on the little insect, and that's the end of that.
(1) At first we were irritated, then angry, now horrified and outraged!
(2) I look at Washington, DC and get the impression that our liberal democracy is on the verge of disappearing–of turning into a puff of smoke (and mirrors).
I am worried more these days than ever before about the health of the Republic, even as "I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all." I am fearful that "liberty and justice for all" will somehow get deleted (perhaps by an executive order critical of fake patriotism).
(1) I am worried by the fact that he's running for office. I am frightened by the possibility that he may win the primary. I am terrified by what may happen if he actually gets elected.
(2) I love that little deli–they put a million slices of corned beef on their reubens!


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What is real? What can we know? How might we act? This book sets out to answer these fundamental philosophical questions in a radical and original theory of security for our times. Arguing that the concept of security in world politics has long been imprisoned by conservative thinking, Ken Booth explores security as a precious instrumental value which gives individuals and groups the opportunity to pursue the invention of humanity rather than live determined and diminished lives. Booth suggests that human society globally is facing a set of converging historical crises. He looks to critical social theory and radical international theory to develop a comprehensive framework for understanding the historical challenges facing global business-as-usual and for planning to reconstruct a more cosmopolitan future. Theory of World Security is a challenge both to well-established ways of thinking about security and alternative approaches within critical security studies.


text:
Table: B21004. Median Income in the Past 12 Months (In 2007 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) By Veteran Status By Sex For the Civilian Population 18 Years and Over with Income [7]
Universe: Civilian population 18 years and Over with income in the past 12 months
B21004. Median Income in the Past 12 Months (In 2007 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) By Veteran Status By Sex For the Civilian Population 18 Years and Over with Income
Nonveteran
ACS 2007-1yr Summary File: Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Subject Definitions -> Population Variables -> Income in the Past 12 Months -> Median Income
Median Income
The median divides the income distribution into two equal parts: one-half of the cases falling below the median income and one-half above the median. For households and families, the median income is based on the distribution of the total number of households and families including those with no income. The median income for individuals is based on individuals 15 years old and over with income. Median income for households, families, and individuals is computed on the basis of a standard distribution. (See the "Standard Distributions" section under "Derived Measures.") Median income is rounded to the nearest whole dollar. Median income figures are calculated using linear interpolation if the width of the interval containing the estimate is $2,500 or less. If the width of the interval containing the estimate is greater than $2,500, Pareto interpolation is used. (For more information on medians and interpolation, see "Derived Measures.")
ACS 2007-1yr Summary File: Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Subject Definitions -> Population Variables -> Income in the Past 12 Months -> Adjusting Income for Inflation
Adjusting Income for Inflation
Income components were reported for the 12 months preceding the interview month. Monthly Consumer Price Indices (CPI) factors were used to inflation-adjust these components to a reference calendar year (January through December). For example, a household interviewed in March 2007 reports their income for March 2007 through February 2007. Their income is adjusted to the 2007 reference calendar year by multiplying their reported income by 2007 average annual CPI (January-December 2007) and then dividing by the average CPI for March 2006-February2007.
In order to inflate income amounts from previous years, the dollar values on individual records are inflated to the latest years dollar values by multiplying by a factor equal to the average annual CPI-U-RS factor for the current year, divided by the average annual CPI-U-RS factor for the earlier/earliest year.
ACS 2007-1yr Summary File: Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Subject Definitions -> Population Variables -> Veteran Status
Veteran Status
Data on veteran status and period of military service were derived from answers to Questions 20, 21 and 22.
For data products, a "civilian veteran" is a person 18 years old or over who has served (even for a short time), but is not now serving, on active duty in the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or the Coast Guard, or who served in the U.S. Merchant Marine during World War II. People who served in the National Guard or military Reserves are classified as veterans only if they were ever called or ordered to active duty, not counting the 4-6 months for initial training or yearly summer camps. All other civilians 18 years old and over are classified as nonveterans.
Period of Military Service
People who indicated that they had served on active duty or were now on active duty were asked to indicate the period or periods in which they served. The responses to the question about period of service were edited for consistency and reasonableness. The edit eliminated inconsistencies between reported period(s) of service and age of the person; it also removed reported combinations of periods containing unreasonable gaps (for example, it did not accept a response that indicated that the person had served in World War II and in the Vietnam era, but not in the Korean conflict).
Years of Military Service
For the 1996-1998 American Community Survey, people who indicated that they had served on active duty or were now on active duty were asked to report the total number of years and months of active-duty service.
Since 1999, people who indicated that they had served on active duty or were now on active duty were asked to report whether the total number of years of active-duty service was less than 2 years or 2 years or more. The question asked for accumulated service, which is not necessarily the same as continuous service.
There may be a tendency for the following kinds of persons to report erroneously that they served on active duty in the Armed Forces: (a) persons who served in the National Guard or Military Reserves but were never called to duty; (b) civilian employees or volunteers for the USO, Red Cross, or the Department of Defense (or its predecessors, the Department of War and the Department of the Navy); and (c) employees of the Merchant Marine or Public Health Service. There may also be a tendency for persons to erroneously round up months to the nearest year in Question 22. (For example, persons with one year and eight months of active duty military service may mistakenly report "2 years.")
Beginning in 2006, the population in group quarters (GQ) is included in the ACS. Some types of GQ populations may have period of military service and veteran status distributions that are different from the household population. The inclusion of the GQ population could therefore have a noticeable impact on the period of service and veteran status distributions. This is particularly true for areas with a substantial GQ population.
Veteran Status: For the 1999-2002 American Community Survey question, the response categories were modified by expanding the "No active duty service" answer category to distinguish persons whose only military service was for training in the Reserves or National Guard, from persons with no military experience whatsoever.
Period of Military Service: For the 1999-2002 American Community Survey question, the response categories were modified by closing the "August 1990 or later (including Persian Gulf War)" period at March 1995, and adding the "April 1995" or later category. For the 2001-2002 American Community Survey question, the response category was changed from "Korean conflict" to "Korean War." Starting in 2003, the response categories for the question were modified in several ways. The first category "April 1995 or later" was changed to "September 2001 or later" to reflect the era that began after the events of September 11, 2001; the second category "August 1990 to March 1995" was then expanded to "August 1990 to August 2001 (including Persian Gulf War)." The category "February 1955 to July 1964" was split into two categories: "March 1961 to July 1964" and "February 1955 to February 1961." To match the revised dates for war-time periods of the Department of Veteran Affairs, the dates for the "World War II" category were changed from "September 1940 to July 1947" to "December 1941 to December 1946," and the dates for the "Korean War were changed from "June 1950 to January 1955" to "July 1950 to January 1955." To increase specificity, the "Some other time" category was split into two categories: "January 1947 to June 1950" and "November 1941 or earlier."
ACS 2007-1yr Summary File: Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Subject Definitions -> Population Variables -> Sex
The data on sex were derived from answers to Question 1. Individuals were asked to mark either "male" or "female" to indicate their sex. For most cases in which sex was not reported, the appropriate entry was determined from the person's given (i.e., first) name and household relationship. Otherwise, sex was imputed according to the relationship to the householder and the age of the person.
Sex Ratio
The sex ratio represents the balance between the male and female populations. Ratios above 100 indicate a larger male population, and ratios below 100 indicate a larger female population. This measure is derived by dividing the total number of males by the total number of females and then multiplying by 100. It is rounded to the nearest tenth.
Beginning in 2006, the population in group quarters (GQ) is included in the ACS. Some types of GQ populations have sex distributions that are very different from the household population. The inclusion of the GQ population could therefore have a noticeable impact on the sex distribution. This is particularly true for areas with a substantial GQ population.
The Census Bureau tested the changes introduced to the 2007 version of the sex question in the 2007 ACS Grid-Sequential Test (http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/ACS-MP-09_Grid-Sequential_Test_Final_Report.pdf). The results of this testing show that the changes may introduce an inconsistency in the data produced for this question as observed from the years 2006 to 2007
The sex question has remained the same.
ACS 2007-1yr Summary File: Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Subject Definitions -> Population Variables -> Income in the Past 12 Months
Income in the Past 12 Months
The data on income were derived from answers to Questions 41 and 42, which were asked of the population 15 years old and over. Total income is the sum of the amounts reported separately for wage or salary income; net self-employment income; interest, dividends, or net rental or royalty income or income from estates and trusts; Social Security or railroad retirement income; Supplemental Security Income (SSI); public assistance or welfare payments; retirement, survivor, or disability pensions; and all other income. Receipts from the following sources are not included as income: capital gains, money received from the sale of property (unless the recipient was engaged in the business of selling such property); the value of income in kind from food stamps, public housing subsidies, medical care, employer contributions for individuals, etc.; withdrawal of bank deposits; money borrowed; tax refunds; exchange of money between relatives living in the same household; gifts and lump-sum inheritances, insurance payments, and other types of lump-sum receipts.
Income Type in the Past 12 Months
The eight types of income reported in the American Community Survey are defined as follows:
Wage or salary income
Wage or salary income includes total money earnings received for work performed as an employee during the past 12 months. It includes wages, salary, Armed Forces pay, commissions, tips, piece-rate payments, and cash bonuses earned before deductions were made for taxes, bonds, pensions, union dues, etc.
Self-employment income
Self-employment income includes both farm and non-farm self-employment income.
Farm self-employment income includes net money income (gross receipts minus operating expenses) from the operation of a farm by a person on his or her own account, as an owner, renter, or sharecropper. Gross receipts include the value of all products sold, government farm programs, money received from the rental of farm equipment to others, and incidental receipts from the sale of wood, sand, gravel, etc. Operating expenses include cost of feed, fertilizer, seed, and other farming supplies, cash wages paid to farmhands, depreciation charges, rent, interest on farm mortgages, farm building repairs, farm taxes (not state and federal personal income taxes), etc. The value of fuel, food, or other farm products used for family living is not included as part of net income.
Non-farm self-employment income includes net money income (gross receipts minus expenses) from ones own business, professional enterprise, or partnership. Gross receipts include the value of all goods sold and services rendered. Expenses include costs of goods purchased, rent, heat, light, power, depreciation charges, wages and salaries paid, business taxes (not personal income taxes), etc.
Interest, dividends, or net rental income
Interest, dividends, or net rental income includes interest on savings or bonds, dividends from stockholdings or membership in associations, net income from rental of property to others and receipts from boarders or lodgers, net royalties, and periodic payments from an estate or trust fund.
Social Security income includes Social Security pensions and survivor benefits, permanent disability insurance payments made by the Social Security Administration prior to deductions for medical insurance, and railroad retirement insurance checks from the U.S. government. Medicare reimbursements are not included.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a nationwide U.S. assistance program administered by the Social Security Administration that guarantees a minimum level of income for needy aged, blind, or disabled individuals. The Puerto Rico Community Survey questionnaire asks about the receipt of SSI; however, SSI is not a federally-administered program in Puerto Rico. Therefore, it is probably not being interpreted by most respondents in the same manner as SSI in the United States. The only way a resident of Puerto Rico could have appropriately reported SSI would have been if they lived in the United States at any time during the past 12-month reference period and received SSI.
Public assistance income
Public assistance income includes general assistance and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). Separate payments received for hospital or other medical care (vendor payments) are excluded. This does not include Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or noncash benefits such as Food Stamps. The terms "public assistance income" and "cash public assistance" are used interchangeably in the 2007 ACS data products.
Retirement, survivor, or disability income
Retirement income includes: (1) retirement pensions and survivor benefits from a former employer; labor union; or federal, state, or local government; and the U.S. military; (2) disability income from companies or unions; federal, state, or local government; and the U.S. military; (3) periodic receipts from annuities and insurance; and (4) regular income from IRA and Keogh plans. This does not include Social Security income.
All other income
All other income includes unemployment compensation, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) payments, alimony and child support, contributions received periodically from people not living in the household, military family allotments, and other kinds of periodic income other than earnings.
Cash Public Assistance
See "Public assistance income."
Income of Households
This includes the income of the householder and all other individuals 15 years old and over in the household, whether they are related to the householder or not. Because many households consist of only one person, average household income is usually less than average family income. Although the household income statistics cover the past 12 months, the characteristics of individuals and the composition of households refer to the time of interview. Thus, the income of the household does not include amounts received by individuals who were members of the household during all or part of the past 12 months if these individuals no longer resided in the household at the time of interview. Similarly, income amounts reported by individuals who did not reside in the household during the past 12 months but who were members of the household at the time of interview are included. However, the composition of most households was the same during the past 12 months as at the time of interview.
Income of Families
In compiling statistics on family income, the incomes of all members 15 years old and over related to the householder are summed and treated as a single amount. Although the family income statistics cover the past 12 months, the characteristics of individuals and the composition of families refer to the time of interview. Thus, the income of the family does not include amounts received by individuals who were members of the family during all or part of the past 12 months if these individuals no longer resided with the family at the time of interview. Similarly, income amounts reported by individuals who did not reside with the family during the past 12 months but who were members of the family at the time of interview are included. However, the composition of most families was the same during the past 12 months as at the time of interview.
Income of Individuals
Income for individuals is obtained by summing the eight types of income for each person 15 years old and over. The characteristics of individuals are based on the time of interview even though the amounts are for the past 12 months.
Aggregate Income
Aggregate income is the sum of all incomes for a particular universe. Aggregate income is subject to rounding, which means that all cells in a matrix are rounded to the nearest hundred dollars. (For more information, see "Aggregate" under "Derived Measures.")
Mean Income
Mean income is the amount obtained by dividing the aggregate income of a particular statistical universe by the number of units in that universe. For example, mean household income is obtained by dividing total household income by the total number of households. (The aggregate used to calculate mean income is rounded. For more information, see "Aggregate income.")
For the various types of income, the means are based on households having those types of income. For household income and family income, the mean is based on the distribution of the total number of households and families including those with no income. The mean income for individuals is based on individuals 15 years old and over with income. Mean income is rounded to the nearest whole dollar.
Care should be exercised in using and interpreting mean income values for small subgroups of the population. Because the mean is influenced strongly by extreme values in the distribution, it is especially susceptible to the effects of sampling variability, misreporting, and processing errors. The median, which is not affected by extreme values, is, therefore, a better measure than the mean when the population base is small. The mean, nevertheless, is shown in some data products for most small subgroups because, when weighted according to the number of cases, the means can be computed for areas and groups other than those shown in Census Bureau tabulations. (For more information on means, see "Derived Measures.")
Income Quintile Upper Limits
Negative incomes are converted to zero for these measures. These measures are the quintile cutoffs, along with the 95th percentile of the distribution. (For more information on quintiles, see "Derived Measures.")
Means of Household Income by Quintiles
Means of household income by quintiles are calculated by dividing aggregate household income in each quintile by the number of households in each quintile (one-fifth of the total number of households). (For more information on aggregates, see "Aggregate Income." For more information on quintiles, see "Derived Measures.")
Shares of Household Income by Quintiles
Negative incomes are converted to zero for these measures. These measures are the aggregate household income in each quintile as a percentage of the total aggregate household income. (For more information on aggregates, see "Aggregate income." For more information on quintiles, see "Derived Measures.")
Gini Index of Income Inequality
Negative incomes are converted to zero. The Gini index of income inequality measures the dispersion of the household income distribution. (For more information on the Gini index, see "Derived Measures.")
Earnings are defined as the sum of wage or salary income and net income from self-employment. Earnings represent the amount of income received regularly for people 16 years old and over before deductions for personal income taxes, Social Security, bond purchases, union dues, Medicare deductions, etc. An individual with earnings is one who has either wage/salary income or self-employment income, or both. Respondents who "break even" in self-employment income and therefore have zero self-employment earnings also are considered "individuals with earnings."
Median Earnings
The median divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts: one-half of the cases falling below the median and one-half above the median. Median earnings is restricted to individuals 16 years old and over with earnings and is computed on the basis of a standard distribution. (See the "Standard Distributions" section under "Derived Measures.") Median earnings figures are calculated using linear interpolation if the width of the interval containing the estimate is $2,500 or less. If the width of the interval containing the estimate is greater than $2,500, Pareto interpolation is used. (For more information on medians and interpolation, see "Derived Measures.")
Aggregate Earnings
Aggregate earnings are the sum of wage/salary and net self-employment income for a particular universe of people 16 years old and over. Aggregate earnings are rounded to the nearest hundred dollars. (For more information, see "Aggregate" under "Derived Measures.")
Mean Earnings
Mean earnings is calculated by dividing aggregate earnings by the population 16 years old and over with earnings. (The aggregate used to calculate mean earnings is rounded. For more information, see "Aggregate earnings." ) Mean earnings is rounded to the nearest whole dollar. (For more information on means, see "Derived Measures.")
Women's Earnings as a Percentage of Men's Earnings
Womens earnings as a percentage of mens earnings is defined as median earnings for females who worked full-time, year-round divided by median earnings for males who worked full-time, year-round, multiplied by 100. (For more information see "full-time, year-round workers" under "Usual hours worked per weeks worked in the past 12 months" and "Median earnings.")
Per Capita Income
Per capita income is the mean income computed for every man, woman, and child in a particular group including those living in group quarters. It is derived by dividing the aggregate income of a particular group by the total population in that group. (The aggregate used to calculate per capita income is rounded. For more information, see "Aggregate" under "Derived Measures.") Per capita income is rounded to the nearest whole dollar. (For more information on means, see "Derived Measures.")
Since answers to income questions are frequently based on memory and not on records, many people tend to forget minor or sporadic sources of income and, therefore, underreport their income. Underreporting tends to be more pronounced for income sources that are not derived from earnings, such as public assistance, interest, dividends, and net rental income.
Extensive computer editing procedures were instituted in the data processing operation to reduce some of these reporting errors and to improve the accuracy of the income data. These procedures corrected various reporting deficiencies and improved the consistency of reported income questions associated with work experience and information on occupation and class of worker. For example, if people reported they were self employed on their own farm, not incorporated, but had reported only wage and salary earnings, the latter amount was shifted to self-employment income. Also, if any respondent reported total income only, the amount was generally assigned to one of the types of income questions according to responses to the work experience and class-of-worker questions. Another type of problem involved non-reporting of income data. Where income information was not reported, procedures were devised to impute appropriate values with either no income or positive or negative dollar amounts for the missing entries. (For more information on imputation, see "Accuracy of the Data.")
In income tabulations for households and families, the lowest income group (for example, less than $10,000) includes units that were classified as having no income in the past 12 months. Many of these were living on income "in kind," savings, or gifts, were newly created families, or were families in which the sole breadwinner had recently died or left the household. However, many of the households and families who reported no income probably had some money income that was not reported in the American Community Survey.
Users should exercise caution when comparing income and earnings estimates for individuals from the 2006, or 2007 ACS to earlier years because of the introduction of group quarters. Household and family income estimates are not affected by the inclusion of group quarters.
The income data shown in ACS tabulations are not directly comparable with those that may be obtained from statistical summaries of income tax returns. Income, as defined for federal tax purposes, differs somewhat from the Census Bureau concept. Moreover, the coverage of income tax statistics is different because of the exemptions for people having small amounts of income and the inclusion of net capital gains in tax returns. Furthermore, members of some families file separate returns and others file joint returns; consequently, the tax reporting unit is not consistent with the census household, family, or person units. The earnings data shown in ACS tabulations are not directly comparable with earnings records of the Social Security Administration (SSA). The earnings record data for SSA excludes the earnings of some civilian government employees, some employees of nonprofit organizations, workers covered by the Railroad Retirement Act, and people not covered by the program because of insufficient earnings. Because ACS data are obtained from household questionnaires, they may differ from SSA earnings record data, which are based upon employers reports and the federal income tax returns of self-employed people.
The Commerce Departments Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) publishes annual data on aggregate and per-capita personal income received by the population for states, metropolitan areas, and selected counties. Aggregate income estimates based on the income statistics shown in ACS products usually would be less than those shown in the BEA income series for several reasons. The ACS data are obtained from a household survey, whereas the BEA income series is estimated largely on the basis of data from administrative records of business and governmental sources. Moreover, the definitions of income are different. The BEA income series includes some questions not included in the income data shown in ACS publications, such as income" in kind," income received by nonprofit institutions, the value of services of banks and other financial intermediaries rendered to people without the assessment of specific charges, and Medicare payments. On the other hand, the ACS income data include contributions for support received from people not residing in the same household if the income is received on a regular basis.
In comparing income for the most recent year with income from earlier years, users should note that an increase or decrease in money income does not necessarily represent a comparable change in real income, unless adjusted for inflation.
The 1998 ACS questionnaire deleted references to Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) because of welfare law reforms.
In 1999, the ACS questions were changed to be consistent with the questions for the Census 2000. The instructions are slightly different to reflect differences in the reference periods. The ACS asks about the past 12 months, and the questions for the decennial census ask about the previous calendar year.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Machu Picchu and Easter Island – Short Version
11 Days/10 Nights
Daily Departures Throughout the Year
Machu Picchu and Easter Island are two of the most amazing archaeological sites in South America. Machu Picchu served as a center of worship, an astronomic observatory, and a private hacienda for the Inca Pachacutec. It was recently named as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. Easter Island, located 2,200 miles west of Chile in the Pacific Ocean, is home to over 800 Moai statues, whose origin is still a mystery.
Lodging and Meals: This tour includes accommodations for 10 nights (2 nights in Lima, 3 nights in Cusco, 1 night in Machu Picchu, 1 night in Santiago, and 3 nights in Easter Island), and 13 meals (10 breakfasts and 3 lunches).
Best Time to Go: April-October.
Destinations: South America, Peru, and Chile.
Interests: Adventure and Culture & History.
Places Visited: Lima, Cusco, the Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu, and Easter Island.
Day 1: Lima.
Depart to Lima. After passing through immigration and customs, proceed to the reception area, where our inbound services representative will be holding a sign with your name on it. You will be greeted and then transferred to your hotel. Overnight in Lima.
Day 2: Lima-City Tour.
In the afternoon, you will have a city tour of Lima. You will visit downtown Lima and see several examples of the Spanish architecture of the colonial period including the Plaza de Armas, the Presidential Palace, the Cathedral, and the Church of San Francisco and Catacombs. After that, you will see Huaca Huallamarca, a restored adobe pyramid dating from the pre-Inca period located in San Isidro. You will tour the upscale residential and commercial district of Miraflores and see the Parque del Amor, a seaside park with a huge statue of a kissing couple, before returning to your hotel. Overnight in Lima. (B)
Day 3: Lima-Cusco-City Tour.
Early morning transfer to the airport for the flight to Cusco. Upon arrival, you will be transferred to your hotel. Because of the high altitude (10,912 feet above sea level), we recommend that you rest for a short period. In the afternoon, you will have a city tour that includes a walk-through of the Cathedral, the Koricancha ('site of gold'), typical streets, and the four ruins that surround the city: the Sacsayhuaman Fortress, Kenko, Puca Pucara, and Tampumachay. Overnight in Cusco. (B)
Day 4: Cusco-Sacred Valley-Awanakancha-Pisac Market-Ollantaytambo.
Today you will have a full-day excursion to the Sacred Valley of the Incas. The tour begins at Awanakancha, a living museum of the Peruvian Andes, where you can observe traditional textile dyeing and weaving techniques and the four types of camelids that are native to the region. You will also visit the Indian artisan market in Pisac and have lunch at a local restaurant (included). The last stop is the impressive Inca ruins of Ollantaytambo that served as both a fortress and ceremonial center, and is the site of a short-lived victory by the Incas over the Spanish. Overnight in Cusco. (B,L) Note: The Indian market is open on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays from October to March, and daily from April to September. On the days of the week that the market is not open, you will be taken to the Inca ruins above the village.
Day 5: Cusco-Machu Picchu.
Early morning transfer to the train station for the ride to Machu Picchu, 'the Lost City of the Incas' (7,900 feet). This mountaintop citadel, which served as both a center of worship and an astronomic observatory, is located in the middle of the cloud forest overlooking the Urubamba River. There are both agricultural and urban areas constructed with the precision stonework that the Incas are known for. The agricultural area consists of terraces and food storehouses, and the urban area contains temples, squares, and royal tombs. Guided tour followed by lunch at the Sanctuary Lodge. In the afternoon, you will be transferred to your hotel. Overnight in Aguas Calientes. (B,L)
Day 6: Machu Picchu-Cusco.
This is a free day to explore Machu Picchu on your own. You may want to hike Huayna Picchu or enjoy another activity. Mid-afternoon, you will depart from Machu Picchu by train to Poroy Station in the Sacred Valley, and then be taken to your hotel in Cusco. Overnight in Cusco. (B)
Day 7: Cusco-Santiago.
Transfer to the airport for your flight to Santiago, Chile. After passing through immigration and customs, proceed to the reception area, where our inbound services representative will be holding a sign with your name on it. You will be greeted and then transferred to your hotel. Overnight in Santiago. (B)
Day 8: Santiago-Easter Island.
Depart to Easter Island. After passing through immigration and customs, proceed to the reception area, where our inbound services representative will be holding a sign with your name on it. You will be greeted and then transferred to your hotel. Overnight in Easter Island. (B)
Day 9: Easter Island-Rano Raraku-Anakena Beach.
Full day excursion visiting the archaeological site of Akahanga and the quarry at Rano Raraku volcano, where all of the moai on the island were carved. You will see over 300 statues in various stages of completion, and one giant moai, 21 meters (69 ft.) tall. You will also visit Ahu Tongariki, the largest ahu (burial site), whose moai were re-erected after a tsunami flattened the statues, Ahu Te Pito Kura, site of the largest moai moved from the quarry, and the ahu Nau Nau at Anakena Beach. Picnic lunch at Anakena Beach. Overnight in Easter Island. (B,L)
Day 10: Easter Island-Orongo-Ahu Akivi.
Morning visit to the Rano Kau extinct volcano crater (1.6 km in diameter), the ceremonial village of Orongo, which features the largest concentration of Petroglyphs on the island, with images of post-moai deity's, such as Tangata Manu (birdman), Make Make (the creator), and Komari, and then to Ahu Vinapu. After lunch (not included), the tour continues on to Ahu Akivi, site of the seven moais overlooking the sea, the Caves of Ana Tepahu, among the largest on the island, and Pun-a-Pau quarry, the sole source of red scoria that was used to carve the pukao (topknots) of some of the moia. Overnight in Easter Island. (B)
Day 11: Easter Island-Santiago.
Transfer to the airport for your return flight to Santiago and your final destination. (B)
A Note About Your Free Day in Machu Picchu
On your free day, you will be on your own. If you choose to revisit Machu Picchu, you will need to purchase a second entrance ticket, which currently costs $74 per person. If you are staying in Aguas Calientes, you will also need to purchase a round-trip bus ticket ($28 per person) for transportation to the site. The first bus departs at 5:30 AM. As an alternative to visiting Machu Picchu again, you can hike Huayna Picchu (a +/- 60 minute hike), or partake in another activity. The cost for hiking Huayna Picchu is $13 (in addition to the second entrance ticket). At the end of the day (mid-late afternoon), you will walk to the train station for the return ride to Poroy train station, where our local representative will be waiting for you to take you to your hotel in Cusco.
Airport/hotel transfers including baggage handling.
Hotel accommodations including taxes and service charges.
Meals as indicated on the itinerary.
Excursion to Machu Picchu via Vistadome train and other excursions as indicated on the itinerary including all applicable entrance fees.
Local, English-speaking tour guides.
Gratuities, gifts and personal items.
3 Star – Casa Andina Classic Miraflores Centro
4 Star – Sol de Oro Hotel & Suites
5 Star – J.W. Marriott Hotel Lima
Deluxe – Miraflores Park Hotel
3 Star – Casa Andina Classic Cusco Plaza
4 Star – Hotel Novotel Cusco
5 Star – Libertador Palacio del Inka
Deluxe – Hotel Monasterio
3 Star – El Mapi Hotel
4 Star – Casa del Sol Machu Picchu Boutique Hotel
5 Star – Inkaterra Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel
Deluxe – Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge
3 Star – Hotel Plaza San Francisco
4 Star – Hotel Cumbres Lastarria
5 Star – Lastarria Boutique Hotel
Deluxe – The Singular Santiago
3 Star – Hotel O'tai
4 Star – Altiplanico Easter Island Hotel
5 Star – Hotel Hare Noi
Deluxe – Hangaroa Eco Village & Spa
Group Private: In Peru, all transfers are private, and the city tour of Lima, city tour of Cusco, the Sacred Valley of the Incas excursion, and Machu Picchu guided tour are private for 4 Star, 5 Star, and Deluxe accommodation levels. In Santiago, all transfers are private, and in Easter Island, all transfers are private, and all tours are operated on a group basis for single passengers and 3 Star accommodations, and are private for 4 Star, 5 Star, and Deluxe accommodations.
Elevations: Cusco is 10,912 feet (above sea level), the Sacred Valley of the Incas is 8,944 feet, and Machu Picchu is 7,900 feet.
Passport/Visa: For Peru, U.S., Australian, Canadian, and EU citizens require a passport valid for at least six months from date of entry and return ticket for stays of up to 90 days. Citizens of other countries are advised to contact the Peruvian embassy in their country before traveling. For Chile, U.S., Australian, Canadian, and EU citizens (except Greece) require a valid passport (for the duration of your visit) and return ticket for stays of up to 90 days. Greek citizens can stay for up to 60 days. Australian, and Canadian citizens are required to pay a reciprocity fee (considered a multiple entry visa) of $95 and $132 respectively upon arrival (subject to change without notice due to currency fluctuations or other reasons). Citizens of other countries are advised to contact the Chilean embassy in their country before traveling.
To Book This Trip: We require a non-refundable deposit of $500 per person plus the cost of the airfare (if we arrange it for you). The balance of the trip cost is due 60 days prior to departure.
Machu Picchu and Easter Island
Galapagos, Machu Picchu, and Easter Island
Galapagos, Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, and Easter Island
Peru Travel Info
Peru FAQ
Inca Trail FAQ
Peru Weather
Peru Accommodations
Peru Blog Posts and Travel Articles
The Best Places to Visit in Peru
A Guide To The Main Structures Of Machu Picchu
Hiram Bingham And The Discovery Of Machu Picchu
Day Two At Machu Picchu: Four Top Options
Pisac: Cuzco's Most Mysterious Ruin
Ollantaytambo: Temple-Citadel Of The Inca's
The Road To Ruins: Seven Inca Sites You've Never Heard Of, But Should
Seven Things To Do In Puno, Peru
Seven Things To Do In Arequipa, Peru
The Animal Geoglyphs Of The Nazca Lines, From The Hummingbird To The Whale
Visiting Lima: Ten Must-Do Experiences
Where To Stay In Lima? Miraflores Vs. Barranco For Travelers
Chile Travel Info
Chile FAQ
Chile Weather
Patagonia Cruise Ships
Chile Accommodations
Chile Blog Posts and Travel Articles
The Best Places to Visit in Chile
A Guide To The Main Wine Regions Near Santiago, Chile
Ten Things To Do In Santiago, Chile
From Designers To Dictators: Seven Must-See Museums In Santiago, Chile
Easter Island's Quarry: Where The Giant Moai Heads Were Born
Mythological Figures Of Easter Island
Valparaiso: The Jewel Of The Pacific
Santiago: A South American City On The Rise


text:
Nicholas Oresme
The French clergyman, scientist, economist, and translator Nicholas of Oresme (ca. 1320-1382) is best known for his treatise on money, "De moneta," and for his services to King Charles V of France.
Nicholas of Oresme was born at Allemagne in Normandy. Little is known of his early years, except that he studied theology. He attended the College of Navarre of the University of Paris in 1348 and served as master of that college from 1356 to 1361. By 1370 he had become royal chaplain to King Charles V, and he had probably been Charles's tutor during the reign of Charles's father, King John II.
Nicholas wrote on a great variety of scientific subjects, but he is best known for his economic theory, his translations of the works of Aristotle, and his opposition to astrology. Charles V, a patron of the early Renaissance in France, collected a library of several thousand volumes. He commissioned Nicholas to translate, from Latin into French, Aristotle's De caelo (On the Heavens), Ethics, Politics, and Economics. The influence of the King can also perhaps be seen in Nicholas's chief interest, economics. Under the pressure of the economic disruption caused by the Hundred Years War, Charles V reorganized royal finances into a system that was preserved until 1789. In these circumstances, Nicholas wrote his treatise De moneta (On Money) between 1355 and 1360. In it Nicholas maintained that money is the property of the community, not of the ruler, and that, therefore, the ruler has an obligation to preserve the purity of coinage and may not debase it. De moneta is not always a realistic reflection of late medieval economy, but it became very popular in the 17th century.
Astrology was a fad of Nicholas's times, and he wrote in both French and Latin against the notion that the future can be predicted from a study of the stars. For example, borrowing his title and purpose from Cicero, Nicholas wrote De divinatione (On Divination) in order to attack dream interpreters and horoscopes. In general, Nicholas argued that supposedly magical events can be explained by natural causes. To support his arguments, he studied astronomy; and although he accepted the Ptolemaic system, in which the universe was believed to revolve around the earth, he granted that terrestrial motion cannot be disproved. Nicholas encouraged the study of nature and the use of reason in examining the Christian faith, remarking that "Everything contained in the Gospels is highly reasonable."
Nicholas became bishop of Lisieux in 1377, and he died there on July 11, 1382.
Further Reading on Nicholas of Oresme
Nicholas's De Proportionibus, and Ad Pauca Respicientes, with introduction, translation, and notes by E. Grant (1966), contains a charming biographical sketch. Three works contain both biographical accounts of Nicholas's life and translations of his writings: G. W. Coopland, Nicole Oresme and the Astrologers: A Study of His "Livre de Divinacion" (1952); Charles Johnson, ed. and trans., The "De Moneta" of Nicholas Oresme (1956); and Marshall Clagett, ed., Nicole Oresme and the Medieval Geometry of Qualities and Motions (1968).


Women with breast cancer should be given high doses of vitamin D because a majority of them are likely to have low levels of vitamin D, which could contribute to decreased bone mass and greater risk of fractures, according to scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center.
"Vitamin D is essential to maintaining bone health, and women with breast cancer have accelerated bone loss due to the nature of hormone therapy and chemotherapy. It's important for women and their doctors to work together to boost their vitamin D intake," said Luke Peppone, Ph.D., research assistant professor of Radiation Oncology, at Rochester's James P. Wilmot Cancer Center. He is a member of the National Cancer Institute's Community Clinical Oncology Program research base in Rochester.
Scientists funded by the NCI analyzed vitamin D levels in each woman, and the average level was 27 nanograms per milliliter; more than two-thirds of the women had vitamin deficiency. Weekly supplementation with high doses of vitamin D -- 50,000 international units or more -- improved the levels, according to Peppone's study.
The U.S. Institute of Medicine suggests that blood levels nearing 32 nanograms per milliliter are adequate.
This problem is not unexpected, Peppone said, because previous studies have shown that nearly half of all men and women are deficient in the nutrient, with vitamin D levels below 32 nanograms per milliliter. Vitamin D, obtained from milk, fortified cereals and exposure to sunlight, is well known to play an essential role in cell growth, in boosting the body's immune system and in strengthening bones.
Symptoms of Vitamin D deficiency include muscle pain, weak bones/fractures, low energy and fatigue, lowered immunity, symptoms of depressiion and mood swings, and sleep irregularities, many of which are common for women undergoing breast cancer treatment.


text:
Q: Beamer long frame items not presented I am using beamer and have a frame too long to fit in a single frame, so I use the option
\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]

Because I want my list items to be exposed gradually, I am using
\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->}

before everything. However, this causes only my first item in the first frame to be exposed. The rest are just shaded, for some reason...
How can I fix this? (have both long frames and gradual presentation)?
Here is a MWE:
\documentclass{beamer}

\mode<presentation>
{
  \usetheme{Warsaw}
  \setbeamercovered{transparent}
}

\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\title[]{Hello World}

\AtBeginSubsection[]
{
  \begin{frame}<beamer>{Outline}
    \tableofcontents[currentsection,currentsubsection]
  \end{frame}
}

\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{<+->}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]{Hello}
    This is a very long frame:
    \begin{itemize}
        \item
        line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\
        \item
        line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\
        \item
        line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\ line\\
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

A: It is not possible.
The combination of [allowframebreaks] and overlays is not supported by the current implementation of beamer [beameruserguide, p.51]:

You can use the option allowframebreaks to cause the ⟨frame text⟩ to be split among several slides, though you cannot use overlays then. See the explanation of the allowframebreaks option for details.

The documentation for [allowframebreaks] states further [beameruserguide, p.60]:

allowframebreaks=⟨fraction⟩. When this option is given, the frame will be automatically broken up into several frames if the text does not fit on a single slide. In detail, when this option is given, the following things happen:

*

*Overlays are not supported.
...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


1 343,58 руб. 940,50 руб.
Cheddar cheese powder [cheddar cheese (cultured milk, salt, enzymes, annatto extract), buttermilk powder, salt, soy lecithin], white cheddar cheese [cheddar cheese (cultured milk, salt, enzymes), disodium phosphate, salt, lactic acid], dried yeast.


text:
Susie Corbett
A Right To Be Respected
For Susie Corbett, 62, growing up as one of the first Asians in Doraville in 1960 was a lonely experience — yet, uplifted by the grace she exhibited in the face of ignorance and racism.
"I was so shy. I didn't want to ever be the center of attention or exposed. I always kind of just try to blend in," Corbett remembers.
Corbett's Japanese-American parents, who were born in California, had been interned, along with Corbett's older brother, at the Gila River Relocation Center in Arizona during World War II. After eighteen months living under guard in the compound which had no plumbing and only mosquito netting over the windows to keep the dirt out, they were released. Corbett's father, Tom Shintaku, got a job working at carbon paper manufacturing company American Tara Corporation in Chicago, where Corbett and her sisters were born. Later, American Tara transferred him to Doraville. Now, Corbett reflects on the changes to the area since her arrival at age three and remembers what it was like being one of the only Asians.
Portrait of the narrator by Eric Sun
""I remember going in to restaurants and literally people would stop and turn and stare, and so I knew that I was different."
"To get Chinese food, we had to go downtown to Atlanta," she remembers. "There was not all the shops and everything that there are now and no diversity in the residents or the businesses."
While locals might now consider Buford Highway to be a melting pot of diversity, Corbett's experience was very different.
"I remember going in to restaurants and literally people would stop and turn and stare, and so I knew that I was different," she says.
The ostracism and bullying she experienced remain etched in her memory. "It was third grade. I was in class, and the boy in front of me turned around and spit on me and called me a poor little Chinese girl."
Corbett wishes there had been someone who could stand up for her when she was growing up. "I kind of carried this feeling of shame and like I wasn't as good as everyone else."
In spite of these feelings of inferiority and difference, perhaps even because of them, Corbett grew up as many other Southerners born and bred. She remembers eating her mom's fried chicken and how they didn't have air conditioning back then. She remembers her father's love for gardening and how he would spend hours shaping and pruning the trees in their yard.
"My dad wanted us to try to blend in as much as possible," she says. "My mother didn't speak Japanese at home."
Looking back on what her parents endured, she is proud and happy that they shared their experience with the Doraville Citizen which ran an article on them in the 90s. "It's hard to realize that they were treated that way but they were very strong. It wasn't like they carried a lot of resentment."
""It was third grade. I was in class, and the boy in front of me turned around and spit on me and called me a poor little Chinese girl."
The lesson, she says, is that we're all the same inside. "We may look different, but don't let anybody tell you that you're not the same. Everyone has a right to be respected."
The diversity of Buford Highway is a beacon of hope. "People are finding out about it and what the area has to offer, and I think it will continue to get better and better. I hope that it continues to attract people from all over," she says.
"We may look different, but don't let anybody tell you that you're not the same. Everyone has a right to be respected."
Listen to Susie's Interview here:
Interviewed by Marian Liou on 6/12/2018
Oscar Barrera
The Family that Works Together
When Oscar Barrera, 29, talks about his childhood on Buford Highway, what sticks out is his sense of gratitude and pride for what he has.
Barrera grew up hearing the stories of his parents' lives in Mexico and their early days in the United States together. Barrera's father, Graciano, first spent a few years in Anaheim, California by himself, trying to work enough to send money home. However the jobs were few and the money did not stretch. In 1989, his parents immigrated together to the United States with Barrera and his older sister when he was only nine months old. One story his father has told countless times is of spending his last $100 dollars on a trip to Disneyland, to show his family the magic of their new home. Perhaps it is these stories which have fostered his sense of gratitude and cheerfulness for what he has. His father, he says, loves to talk to them "to get us, as kids, to value what we had and why we didn't have things."
Within a few months the family moved to Atlanta, Georgia where they settled in the Cumberland Court Apartments off of Buford Highway. Barrera relates how the apartment stayed empty for awhile after they moved in, sleeping on comforters on the floor of the bedroom that the whole family shared. Looking back now he laughs about how they acquired their furniture by taking it from a secondhand store's trailer, mistakenly believing it was free stuff. And yet, it is clear that what they lacked in money was more than made up for by the love in his close-knit family. Although they didn't have much, his parents always found a way to make sure that they "experienced life."
The second oldest of five siblings, he is full of stories of playing soccer outside with thirty other kids from the apartment complex, of trips with his family to Stone Mountain Park and Six Flags. "It was a really good childhood," he says.
""We didn't have a car, and it's amazing to see what she did; what she went through to provide for us."
As he got older and went to school, Barrera became more aware of his immigrant status and the things they didn't have. Because they spoke primarily Spanish at home, he didn't pick up English well at first and had to go through the ESOL program at Dresden Elementary. He remembers a funny story of learning that his favorite shirt — a Penn State shirt with a paw on it that his parents got from a donation center — was a girl's cheer squad shirt. "Here I am a kid from Buford Highway. I didn't know what a cheer squad was. It was the coolest shirt for me because of the paw."
Courtesy of the narrator
However it is the things he did have that seems to have stuck with him. Especially impactful was his parent's hard work. Now he looks back with gratitude and awe on the treks by foot he made with his mom and four sisters to the Buford Highway flea market or supermarket, loaded down with bags of groceries. He especially recalls fondly the times of riding MARTA downtown with his mom, just the two of them. "We didn't have a car, and it's amazing to see what she did; what she went through to provide for us."
Barrera's father worked many different jobs — dishwasher, cook's assistant, carpet installer — and sometimes worked three jobs at one time, coming home late at night to sleep for a few hours before getting back up to be at his restaurant job by five in the morning.
At that time, Barrera remembers, there weren't that many Hispanic families, so they didn't have many friends to lean on. The closeness in his family has played a part both in their successful family business and in Barrera's outlook on life."Our parents always taught us to be so close. We went through good; we went through bad. We experienced success, failure, as a family," he says.
The results speak for themselves. The family now owns and operates two businesses on Buford Highway in the Powers Plaza. They opened the first, Tortas Bakery, in 2006, when Barrera was still in high school. He remembers that his parents approached him and his sisters with their idea for a bakery and the whole family went into the business together. "We were all on board," Barrera says. "We all learned together."
He remembers how they took flyers to all the apartments in the area and told their friends at school and church. And how in the beginning the bread would sometimes burn or come out flat. But through trial and error they have made a bread that has brought loyal customers for the past twelve years.
In 2017 they opened their sister restaurant, Tortas Factory del D.F., in the same shopping plaza as the bakery. The restaurant employs some 25 employees and won Atlanta Magazine's coveted Best of Atlanta in 2018 for their tortas, a typical Mexican sandwich made with a fluffy, crusty bun. Barrera works in customer service and at the cash register. One of his sisters works as a cook at the restaurant, and another sister does the shopping and errand running. His parents still work primarily at the bakery.
""They are the reason I work hard, so I can give them the same opportunities my parents gave to me."
Barrera seems to have inherited his parents' hard work ethic and focus on family, something he hopes to pass on to his own children. "They are the reason I work hard, so I can give them the same opportunities my parents gave to me. In a sense I feel like if my children go to college the many sacrifices my parents made will be truly worth it and everything will come full circle."
Listen to Oscar's interview here:
Interviewed by Seam Park on 5/12/2018
Peter Chang
Developing Buford Highway
Portrait of the narrator by Eric Sun, 2.5.2019
Peter Chang, retired Atlanta developer and owner of Chinatown Mall, is no stranger to diversity. Before his family immigrated to L.A. in 1979, he was born in Singapore and grew up in Malaysia where his right and left side neighbors were Indian and Malay.
"We would play together, we knew each other and we spoke different languages," says Chang. "That's the way I thought the world is. I treasure that kind of diversity."
So when he and his family moved to Atlanta in 1984, they had no trouble adjusting to the diversity they found on Buford Highway. "The first time I went to Buford Highway I said, wow, this is like home. Buford Highway became our weekend outing — to go and eat lunch and then buy stuff and then come back again sometimes for dessert. It's a very nice thing to have when you move to a new city — all these wonderful things that you always like."
Chang, who is a big proponent of travel, encourages everyone to come and see Buford Highway for themselves. "If somebody wants to go to Vietnam or Cambodia or China, I think they should go to Buford Highway first," Chang says. "We have this saying in the U.S. that the food is excellent, but it's a hole in the wall. Fortunately, it's usually true. You don't need to go to a fancy restaurant to have good food."
Chang also has some interesting and creative thoughts on what could make Buford Highway even better. For instance, his idea of mimicking Barcelona's La Rambla Festival, a pedestrian-only, week-long street festival with plenty of outdoor eating. "Frankly speaking, Atlanta is not one of the top tourist attraction in the U.S.," Chang says. "But we have this Buford Highway. We can have a La Rambla, right?"
Chang came to Atlanta in the real estate business, and during the savings and loan crisis of the 90s, when many banks were forced to sell loans for below their value, he was in the position to capitalize on the opportunity and bought property. Chinatown, which was built by Peter Woo in 1988 to cater to the growing Asian population, had become popular throughout the southeast, drawing tourists from many neighboring states. Chang's company purchased the mall in 2000 when it was in foreclosure and refurbished it. The mall hosts two annual events (Chinese New Year and Mid Autumn Moon Festival) and has gained renown for being an authentic escape into Chinese culture. And although his dream of creating a larger mixed-use living, working and entertainment community was never fully realized because of the 2007 financial crisis, the project is still on his mind.
""The first time I went to Buford Highway I said, wow, this is like home. Buford Highway became our weekend outing — to go and eat lunch and then buy stuff and then come back again sometimes for dessert. "
"One of the projects that I would like to see actually being developed in the next two or three years is International Village, which is right behind Chinatown. I heard that there is a company coming in and they want to do a mixed-use development. I am 100% supporting them, and hopefully we can do something together," he says.
Not surprisingly, Chang's creative thinking about the new development goes one step further. "I also want to see that there are some playgrounds for kids," he says. "I would like to see some sort of a cultural center…combining a church as well. People can go to the church and kids can go to the playground, and then you can have lunch together. You spend the whole day around that area."
"I think the international village concept is a very good one because it includes everybody, and you want everybody to feel that they are part of it. That would be the best thing ever to happen in Atlanta, as well as Buford Highway," Chang says.
Listen to Peter's interview here:
Interviewed by Muriel Vega on 5/4/2018
Kevin Henao
Coworking on Buford Highway
Portrait of the narrator and son by Eric Sun, 11.4.2018
After a decade and a half away, Kevin Henao, a first generation son of Colombian immigrants to Buford Highway, has come full circle. Now co-owner and co-operator of The GlobeHUB at the Dekalb-Peachtree Airport on Clairmont Road between Buford Highway and New Peachtree Road, Henao remembers growing up at Cameron Square Apartments on Buford Highway with "50 to 60 kids from everywhere — Ethiopia, a lot of Hispanics, a lot of Colombians, Puerto Ricans, some Mexican."
Back then, he says, "Atlanta was in a funk. It had that little bit of international flair to it, but…it was very kind of white." When he left in '98 for Miami, Henao could see change on the horizon.
Now that he's back, he says, "the city had now become a city. [It has] that New York City energy. That diversity."
Henao has been living the entrepreneurial life for most of his 42 years. However, the road that he has taken to this point is anything but straight-forward. His being here at all could almost be called serendipitous. In Henao's own words: "You've got to have patience, with entrepreneurship."
A few months into his freshman year at Georgia State University on the Hope Scholarship, Henao decided to quit school and go straight to work. He credits his job as a car salesman for helping build his character and knack for business. After a few years, Henao moved to Miami and opened a bar and Colombian food restaurant with Cesar Morales, whose family owned a Colombian food restaurant on Buford Highway. They invested $550,000 in credit — and even some of Henao's parents' credit. Within a few months, the businesses went bankrupt.
"[It was] scary times, because there [was] no source of income, you've got a lot of debt, and a lot of pressure coming every which way. [My parents] were like, look, who cares, you can get through this," he says.
""We felt something. We didn't know what it was because we weren't savvy enough."
And it turns out, they were right. Henao doesn't look back with regret. "That was my Harvard," he says. "I didn't go to college, but this was my college. I learned so much about business, about stress, about pressure, about bills, about finances, about people. I can honestly say that it really helped forge me."
Even after that hard lesson, it wasn't all smooth sailing. With another friend, Maui, Henao formed a mortgage company called the Absolute Lending Group. For four years they made good money. However, there were clouds on the horizon. The housing bubble was just about to burst, and companies and mortgages were going bottom up.
"We felt something. We didn't know what it was because we weren't savvy enough," Henao says.
They lasted an extra year because they had started to do something that other people weren't doing — catering to seniors with government-backed loans. And even after "all hell broke loose," Henao didn't give up hope.
"I had created [another business] called Credit Life — a financial literacy kit that taught people how to establish or reestablish credit. We had set up a finance company that would allow you to finance the kit as well, thus reestablishing credit. It was an educational tool," he says.
It caught the attention of an investor, Paul Stanley, who decided to go into business with him. Meanwhile, Henao, who never has just one iron in the fire, started yet another business with Morales, his first business partner. This time it was Same Day Printing, an online printing business, which Henao brought back with him to Atlanta.
After renting a tiny, closet-sized office in what seemed a cheap but not-too-exciting building off of Buford Highway in Chamblee, Henao continued to run Same Day Printing, as well as doing life insurance on the side. In the end, he didn't make any money off the insurance work, but what he did make was The GlobeHUB.
Henao and his business partner Vishay Singh established The GlobeHUB in 2016 with the vision to cultivate a space for entrepreneurs like themselves that would foster creative innovation, mentorship, and community. The GlobeHUB, whose tagline is "business without borders," boasts a diverse roster of ethnicities and business ventures. A fact which they embrace and promote, because, as they point out on their website: "The diversity of people and ideas makes the world better and makes companies better."
The Globe is a coworking space with 41 offices, 5 conference rooms, 8 private desks, and a huge atrium for functions. They are 100 members strong and sold out of office space. Henao is particularly proud of the diversity of its membership. "One of our slogans is, we speak your language. That could mean your actual language or it could be business talk, tech talk, many different things."
It is doubtless that the optimism, energy, and hope which has governed Henao's life of seemingly patchwork entrepreneurial ventures has brought him to this point. "To me, coming to The Globe on a daily basis — it's not work. I never got paid [in the life insurance business]," Henao says, "but I got paid differently. And sometimes, as an entrepreneur, or just in life, compensation can come in many different forms."
And this is the message Henao seems to want to share with others. "Entrepreneurs get really frustrated when things don't pan out for them. They're planting seeds, planting seeds, and nothing is happening, and then they give up. When, right around the corner could be that next huge meeting, that next huge introduction, that completely changes your life."
Listen to Kevin's Interview here:
Interviewed by Mirtha Donastorg on 6/3/2018
David Yu
When Atlanta was courting the 1996 Olympiad, David Yu, 68, served on the Atlanta Olympic Committee, and the chair of the Coke Foundation called to ask him to carry the Olympic torch. He agreed on the condition that he run in front of Chinatown.
Photograph of the narrator by Marian Liou, 3.25.2018
"They lit the torch right in front of Chinatown. I carry it up to the new Peachtree Road," Yu remembers.
Yu has been part of the evolution of Buford Highway since it was just a depressing state roadway connecting Atlanta to the Northeast suburbs. "It's a miracle. We made it happen," he says now of the ethnically-diverse business hot spot Buford Highway has become. Having been not only witness but also instrumental in its transformation, Yu is an important voice in the history of the area.
Called an "ethnic food paradise," "the global bazaar of a new South," and "the international corridor," Buford Highway was none of those things when Yu first arrived in Atlanta in 1974 to complete an MBA at Georgia State University. Back then, it was just a rundown area abandoned by General Motors and overlooked by the various town officials.
"To them Buford Highway was just kind of a lost world — there was nothing there," Yu says.
Yu was working in the international department of the former Citizens and Southern National Bank (C&S) at the time, and he recognized the opportunity for a community bank specializing in small business and international trade. "I always got questioned about people that don't speak English and need some help in translation," he says.
Along with a group of other Asian businessmen, Yu found investors, including Jack Halpern and Nack Paek, and in 1988, The Summit National Bank was nationally chartered.
""To them Buford Highway was just kind of a lost world — there was nothing there."
Not long after that, the Asian immigrant population in Atlanta exploded, bringing a hefty buying power and fierce entrepreneurialism. "The common denominator among all the groups," Yu says, "is small business. They all want to own their business. And we provided the banking service for them."
Because of the growth of the Asian community in the Buford Highway area, the headquarters was moved from its original location and became the primary bank for all the ethnic entrepreneurs and businesses on Buford Highway. Slowly, he saw the Chinese community begin to thrive as investors came in and built the Chinatown Mall.
"It was all mainstream serving primarily blue collar," Yu recalls. "Then a couple of investors saw the opportunity. We were able to generate a lot of interest in the area. And then one fed into another because you got more businesses opened up, you got more banks opened up and they just keep on rolling."
His memories paint a wonderful picture of the evolution of Buford Highway as a place where so many immigrants and ethnic people have come to build their lives, their businesses, and their dreams.
Over the years Yu served as President, CEO, and Chairman of the Board of Directors of The Summit National Bank. However, he was also present in the shaping of the wider community.
He was founder and Chairman of the Board of the Chinese Community Center. He served on the Board of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, DeKalb Chamber of Commerce, Metro Atlanta Community Foundation, United Way, Zoo Atlanta, Arts and Business Council, Salvation Army, Georgia Theatre of the Stars, Georgia Council for the Arts, Senior Connections, Latin American Association, Emory Board of Visitors, Leadership Atlanta, and the Chinese American Lions Club of Atlanta. He also served on the Georgia Human Relations Commission and Atlanta Sister Cities Commission. He was chairman of the International Village Cultural and Community Center which built Sheltering Arm, a childcare center for low to moderate income families, as well as the Starlight Children's Foundation. In 2000 he was recognized in Georgia Trend magazine as one of the '100 Most Influential Georgians.'
"Being a small community bank you are very much involved in the community, and you are part of the community," he says. "So you can see the people that you help, they're growing and getting bigger, and that's really gratifying." Yu lists the supplier for Rooms-To-Go and the Jeny Beauty Supply company, both now huge companies, as just a few whom Summit National Bank helped get started.
One thing Yu is quite proud of is that Summit National Bank hired multi-ethnic staff and got involved in every ethnic community. As a result, it was number one in lending for five years in a row, and they became known for their international expertise.
"Most of the communities see us as their community bank. Whether it's the Chinese community or Korean community or Islamic community. They think we're their community bank. Because it was always there to support them," Yu says.
""When we were there, [it was] either Chinese or Korean. Now you have a lot of Asian, the Vietnamese, the Hispanic, they're all coming in. They make it better."
Regarding racial discrimination, Yu believes the problem is often that people of a community are too insular. The lack of openness to those outside the community results in stagnation. Of course, Buford Highway has seen quite the opposite of homogeny, and Yu believes it will continue to become even more diverse, the more the merrier.
"When we were there, [it was] either Chinese or Korean. Now you have a lot of Asian, the Vietnamese, the Hispanic, they're all coming in. They make it better," he says. "So if people want to come in and build something, they can do it. There's no exclusivity for any ethnic group."
Now Yu is retired, but as when he was at the bank, he encourages those in leadership to think of Buford Highway's future. "I think it's really up to the city of Chamblee and Doraville, now they have more tax revenue. How much do they want to invest on Buford Highway to make it more pedestrian-friendly, more creative, and more attractive to come and do business."
Listen to David's interview here:
Stories Compiled by Rebecca Grace
After receiving her MFA in writing from SCAD, Rebecca Grace worked briefly in communications. For the last few years she has freelanced as a writer for The Westminster Schools and Ovia Health while staying home to raise her two kids. Her writing has also been published in Atlanta Magazine, SCAD's graduate journal Document, and Atlanta INtown Paper. She can often be found in the kitchen or with her head in a book.
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