Would the SAS say this?
Life's varied and interesting working with businesses of all shapes and sizes. What all the businesses that I work with have in common is that they recognise they have the opportunity to perform even better, and create a stronger, more profitable and sustainable business. My role is to help them achieve that. Take a look at some of the latest things I've been doing.
What if you're saying the wrong things to the wrong people?
It's a testing time for business, but it's the same for you and your competitors.
Undoubtedly, those businesses that thrive best have a robust and considered plan for success built on marketing driven understanding and strategy.
That is, who can and will buy from you; where do you find them; what will you offer them and what will make you stand out as the right choice.
Many businesses feel they can answer these questions but when we talk I find they are only looking at a very shallow level at these issues.
I work with businesses of all sizes and have developed a range of ways of working that allows me to be heavily involved with some, provide only guidance and an external perspective to others and everything in between.
I bring a strong mix of financial, marketing, digital marketing, management and sales and combine those with experience from playing top-level sport and studying performance. A powerful combination to help make your business stronger, more profitable and sustainable.
Below are some of the broad ways in which I am engaged by clients – sometimes on a project basis, sometimes providing occasional coaching and sometimes by working on a regular basis inside a business.
Whatever involvement you need from me and whatever suits your business, I'm sure we can make it work.
What's important is that you have a specialist that will build business value for you and bring expertise that you need in your business.
Take a look in more detail.
Every client is different and engages me to help them build a stronger business to suit their individual needs. As I've outlined in Working Together with an understanding of your business we are in a great place to discuss how we both feel it's best to move forward.
I do have a number of packages of work that provide an insight into how you might choose to benefit from my expertise without committing to a full-blown project initially.
My client engagements vary significantly in terms of sector, scope of engagement and deliverables.
Understandably not all clients allow me to publish the results of my work but I hope these few case studies illustrate the depth and range of project I undertake, and the quality of the communications that are often the end result of my strategic work.
Business and digital strategy project to outline the role and define the profitability of the ecommerce sales channel within a multi-channel high street retail business.
It's more than a blog though. It's where I post comment about business strategy, digital goings-on and news about the business. You'll also find information about where I am speaking next.
Take a look at these latest posts but also at some of the older ones and I'd really welcome your thoughts and comments too.
If you've got a question, or you'd like to know more about how 52art can help, I'd love to hear from you. Even if it's just speculative I'm always interested to connect with people and if I'm not the right solution for you, I'll probably know someone who is.
So pick up the phone, connect with me on Linked In or follow me on Twitter today. It's always good to talk, and it would be great to share your thoughts on my approach to business.
If you're just a friend passing by, drop me a line to say hello. Or better still, give me a call and let's catch up. It's not hard to get hold of me.


text:
[News Focus] Who benefits from Seoul apartment application system?
By Kim Yon-se
Published : Dec 18, 2018 - 16:47
Updated : Jan 13, 2019 - 01:19
SEJONG -- Apartment prices in Seoul recorded an all-time high this year. Some complexes in southern districts saw prices shoot up 30 to 50 percent in only two or three years, which made ordinary households scrap their plans to purchase apartments in the capital.
As housing lease prices in Seoul also skyrocketed, many Seoul citizens moved instead to satellite cities in Gyeonggi Province, according to data from real estate information providers. They suffer difficulties in commuting due to the long distances to their workplaces in central or southern Seoul and frequent traffic jams.
Furthermore, if a household relocates outside Seoul, chances are low that it will be able to move back to Seoul. The odds are even lower when Gyeonggi Province residents try to buy new apartments via the state-led application system.
Under rules that favor Seoul residents, applicants living outside of the capital city are classified as second-group candidates, which means they have a de facto zero chance of winning the score-based selection, amid high competition rates of at least about 20-40 to one household, and up to 70 to one in some districts.
First-group candidates should have resided in Seoul for a year or more, with the Residents Registration Law proving the record.
Even if a household has resided in Seoul for more than year via apartment lease, it would not be able to take out a mortgage loan if it owns an apartment in cities in Gyeonggi Province or other regions, under strict regulations handed down to all of the 25 wards in Seoul.
The Land Ministry designates 15 wards, including Gangnam, Seocho, Jongno, Nowon and Dongjak, as speculative areas. The other 10 wards, including Seodaemun, Seongbuk, Gangbuk, Jungnang and Dobong, have been named areas being watched by the state for possible speculation.
(Korea Herald)
"A newly built apartment of 84 square meters hovers at 1.5 billion won ($1.3 million) to 2 billion won in Gangnam, and 700 million won to 1.3 billion won in other wards," said a real estate agent in Yeouido. "It is nearly impossible for ordinary households in Gyeonggi Province without bank loan support."
He pointed out that even applicants who do not own homes are banned from taking housing-collateralized loans if they apply for an apartment with a parcel price that exceeds 900 million won.
A civil servant in the administrative city of Sejong said, "The Land Ministry has continued to revise the apartment subscription system for houseless applicants."
Nonetheless, he shared the view of some netizens, who claim that sons and daughters of wealthy citizens residing in Seoul benefit from the current system, as they have enough cash to satisfy parcel prices and are eligible to apply under the system.
A netizen said, "Gyeonggi Province residents have no eligibility to buy Seoul apartments, and those who do not own homes don't have sufficient cash. This means the system is for the high-income bracket in Seoul, who have a high-priced lease for higher scores in the houseless segment in selection."
A model house for an apartment complex, to be built in a satellite city (real estate agent)
Konkuk University professor Shim Kyo-eon was quoted by a news outlet as saying that "the policy to curb housing prices by seeking to crack down on owners of multiple houses is ambiguous in itself. It is a matter of demand and supply."
Shim also expressed skepticism over the third phase of new towns in four or five locations in Gyeonggi Province, which are to be designated by the Land Ministry.
"It takes about seven years to foster new towns. And the towns located more than 40 minutes away by transportation would have not much impact on Seoul apartment prices," he said.
A resident of Jungdong, part of the first phase of new towns in the western Gyeonggi Province city of Bucheon, said, "It takes three hours or more for a round trip to my workplace in Gwanghwamun, Seoul, by driving. The government and constructors have built apartments en masse in the outskirts of Seoul for decades without constructing sufficient outer roads."
He added that he gave up moving to Seoul, where he was born and educated, due to the big price gap of about 500 million won for an apartment of the same size in the two neighboring cities.
By Kim Yon-se (kys@heraldcorp.com)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Every Thursday June 1 through October 1, we welcome friends and neighbors (from near and far) to the garden and grounds to gather, eat, and socialize during our beautiful New England summer evenings. Thursdays on the Lawn occur every Thursday from 3:30pm – dark. All are welcome and donations are greatly appreciated. We're looking forward to this coming season!


text:
local runner = require('user_modules/script_runner')
local common = require("test_scripts/RC/MultipleModules/commonRCMulModules")

--[[ Test Configuration ]]
runner.testSettings.isSelfIncluded = false

--[[ Local Variables ]]
local customSeatLocation = {
  rows = 2,
  columns = 3,
  levels = 2,
  seats = nil
}

local expectedParameters = common.getExpectedSLParameters()

--[[ Scenario ]]
runner.Title("Preconditions")
runner.Step("Clean environment", common.preconditions)
runner.Step("Set default RC capabilities", common.updateDefaultHmiSLCapabilities )
runner.Step("Start SDL, HMI, connect Mobile, start Session", common.startSl, { customSeatLocation })
runner.Step("RAI", common.registerAppWOPTU)
runner.Step("Activate App", common.activateApp)

runner.Title("Test")
runner.Step("GetSystemCapability for SEAT_LOCATION",
  common.sendGetSystemCapability, { 1, "SEAT_LOCATION", expectedParameters })

runner.Title("Postconditions")
runner.Step("Stop SDL", common.postconditions)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
17-6427. Business combinations with interested stockholders. (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter, a corporation shall not engage in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:
(1) Prior to such time the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;
(2) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding, but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder, those shares owned: (A) By persons who are directors and also officers; and (B) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or
(3) at or subsequent to such time the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 662/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.
(b) The restrictions contained in this section shall not apply if:
(1) The corporation's original articles of incorporation contain a provision expressly electing not to be governed by this section or the Kansas business combinations with interested shareholders act;
(2) the corporation, by action of its board of directors, adopts an amendment to its bylaws on or before July 1, 1990, expressly electing not to be governed by this section or the Kansas business combinations with interested shareholders act, which amendment shall not be further amended by the board of directors;
(3) the corporation, by action of its stockholders, adopts an amendment to its articles of incorporation or bylaws expressly electing not to be governed by this section, except that, in addition to any other vote required by law, such amendment to the articles of incorporation or bylaws must be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote. An amendment adopted pursuant to this paragraph shall be effective immediately in the case of a corporation that both: (A) Has never had a class of voting stock that falls within any of the two categories set out in subsection (b)(4); and (B) has not elected by a provision in its original articles of incorporation, or any amendment thereto, to be governed by this section. In all other cases, an amendment adopted pursuant to this paragraph shall not be effective until 12 months after the adoption of such amendment and shall not apply to any business combination between such corporation and any person who became an interested stockholder of such corporation on or prior to such adoption. A bylaw amendment adopted pursuant to this paragraph shall not be further amended by the board of directors;
(4) the corporation does not have a class of voting stock that is: (A) Listed on a national securities exchange; or (B) held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders, unless any of the foregoing results from action taken, directly or indirectly, by an interested stockholder or from a transaction in which a person becomes an interested stockholder;
(5) a stockholder becomes an interested stockholder inadvertently and: (A) As soon as practicable divests itself of ownership of sufficient shares so that the stockholder ceases to be an interested stockholder; and (B) would not, at any time within the three-year period immediately prior to a business combination between the corporation and such stockholder, have been an interested stockholder but for the inadvertent acquisition of ownership;
(6) (A) the business combination is proposed prior to the consummation or abandonment of and subsequent to the earlier of the public announcement or the notice required by this subsection of a proposed transaction which: (i) Constitutes one of the transactions described in the second sentence of this paragraph; (ii) is with or by a person who either was not an interested stockholder during the previous three years or who became an interested stockholder with the approval of the corporation's board of directors or during the period described in paragraph (7); and (iii) is approved or not opposed by a majority of the members of the board of directors then in office, but not less than one, who were directors prior to any person becoming an interested stockholder during the previous three years or were recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors.
(B) The proposed transactions referred to in subsection (b)(6)(A) are limited to: (i) A merger or consolidation of the corporation, except for a merger in respect of which, pursuant to K.S.A. 17-6701(f), and amendments thereto, no vote of the stockholders of the corporation is required; (ii) a sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition, in one transaction or a series of transactions, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the corporation or of any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation, other than to any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary or to the corporation, having an aggregate market value equal to 50% or more of either that aggregate market value of all of the assets of the corporation determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the corporation; or (iii) a proposed tender or exchange offer for 50% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation. The corporation shall give not less than 20 days' notice to all interested stockholders prior to the consummation of any of the transactions described in subparagraph (B)(i) or (ii); or
(7) the business combination is with an interested stockholder who became an interested stockholder at a time when the restrictions contained in this section did not apply by reason of any of subsections (b)(1) through (b)(4), except that this paragraph shall not apply if, at the time such interested stockholder became an interested stockholder, the corporation's articles of incorporation contained a provision authorized by the last sentence of this subsection.
Notwithstanding subsections (b)(1) through (b)(4), a corporation may elect by a provision of its original articles of incorporation, or any amendment thereto, to be governed by this section, except that any such amendment to the articles of incorporation shall not apply to restrict a business combination between the corporation and an interested stockholder of the corporation if the interested stockholder became such prior to the effective date of the amendment.
(c) As used in this section only:
(1) "Affiliate" means a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, another person.
(2) "Associate," when used to indicate a relationship with any person, means: (A) Any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity of which such person is a director, officer or partner or is, directly or indirectly, the owner of 20% or more of any class of voting stock; (B) any trust or other estate in which such person has at least a 20% beneficial interest or as to which such person serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (C) any relative or spouse of such person, or any relative of such spouse, who has the same residence as such person.
(3) "Business combination," when used in reference to any corporation and any interested stockholder of such corporation, means:
(A) Any merger or consolidation of the corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation with:
(i) The interested stockholder; or
(ii) with any other corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity if the merger or consolidation is caused by the interested stockholder and as a result of such merger or consolidation subsection (a) is not applicable to the surviving entity;
(B) any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition, in one transaction or a series of transactions, except proportionately as a stockholder of such corporation, to or with the interested stockholder, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the corporation or of any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation which assets have an aggregate market value equal to 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the corporation determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the corporation;
(C) any transaction which results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation or by any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation of any stock of the corporation or of such subsidiary to the interested stockholder, except:
(i) Pursuant to the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of such corporation or any such subsidiary which securities were outstanding prior to the time that the interested stockholder became such;
(ii) pursuant to a merger under K.S.A. 17-6701(g), and amendments thereto;
(iii) pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made, or the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of such corporation or any such subsidiary which security is distributed, pro rata to all holders of a class or series of stock of such corporation subsequent to the time the interested stockholder became such;
(iv) pursuant to an exchange offer by the corporation to purchase stock made on the same terms to all holders of such stock; or
(v) any issuance or transfer of stock by the corporation; provided however, that in no case under subparagraph (C)(iii) through (v) shall there be an increase in the interested stockholder's proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation or of the voting stock of the corporation;
(D) any transaction involving the corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series, or securities convertible into the stock of any class or series, of the corporation or of any such subsidiary which is owned by the interested stockholder, except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments or as a result of any purchase or redemption of any shares of stock not caused, directly or indirectly, by the interested stockholder; or
(E) any receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly, except proportionately as a stockholder of such corporation, of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits, other than those expressly permitted in subparagraphs (A) through (D), provided by or through the corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary.
(4) "Control," including the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with," means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting stock, by contract or otherwise. A person who is the owner of 20% or more of the outstanding voting stock of any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity shall be presumed to have control of such entity, in the absence of proof by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary, except that a presumption of control shall not apply where such person holds voting stock, in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this section, as an agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or trustee for one or more owners who do not individually or as a group have control of such entity.
(5) (A) "Interested stockholder" means any person, other than the corporation and any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation, that:
(i) Is the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation; or
(ii) is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and was the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation at any time within the three-year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such person is an interested stockholder, and the affiliates and associates of such person.
(B) The term "interested stockholder" shall not include:
(i) Any person who: (a) Owned shares in excess of the 15% limitation set forth herein as of, or acquired such shares pursuant to a tender offer commenced prior to July 1, 1989, or pursuant to an exchange offer announced prior to such date and commenced within 90 days thereafter and either: (1) Continued to own shares in excess of such 15% limitation or would have but for action by the corporation; or (2) is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and so continued, or so would have continued but for action by the corporation, to be the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation at any time within the three-year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such a person is an interested stockholder; or (b) acquired such shares from a person described in subparagraph (B)(i)(a) by gift, inheritance or in a transaction in which no consideration was exchanged; or
(ii) any person whose ownership of shares in excess of the 15% limitation set forth herein is the result of action taken solely by the corporation; provided that such person shall be an interested stockholder if thereafter such person acquires additional shares of voting stock of the corporation, except as a result of further corporate action not caused, directly or indirectly, by such person.
(C) For the purpose of determining whether a person is an interested stockholder, the voting stock of the corporation deemed to be outstanding shall include stock deemed to be owned by the person through application of paragraph (9), but shall not include any other unissued stock of such corporation which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise.
(6) "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity.
(7) "Stock" means, with respect to any corporation, capital stock and, with respect to any other entity, any equity interest.
(8) "Voting stock" means, with respect to any corporation, stock of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors and, with respect to any entity that is not a corporation, any equity interest entitled to vote generally in the election of the governing body of such entity. Every reference to a percentage of voting stock shall refer to such percentage of the votes of such voting stock.
(9) "Owner," including the terms "own" and "owned," when used with respect to any stock, means a person that individually or with or through any of its affiliates or associates:
(A) Beneficially owns such stock, directly or indirectly;
(B) has: (i) The right to acquire such stock, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time, pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise, except that a person shall not be deemed the owner of stock tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such person or any of such person's affiliates or associates until such tendered stock is accepted for purchase or exchange; or (ii) the right to vote such stock pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, except that a person shall not be deemed the owner of any stock because of such person's right to vote such stock if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such stock arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a proxy or consent solicitation made to 10 or more persons; or
(C) has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting, except voting pursuant to a revocable proxy or consent as described in subparagraph (B)(ii), or disposing of such stock with any other person that beneficially owns, or whose affiliates or associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such stock.
(d) No provision of an articles of incorporation or bylaw shall require, for any vote of stockholders required by this section, a greater vote of stockholders than that specified in this section.
(e) This section amends and recodifies the Kansas business combinations with interested shareholders act. Any reference in a corporation's articles of incorporation or bylaws to the Kansas business combinations with interested shareholders act shall be deemed to refer to this section.
(f) This section shall be part of and supplemental to article 64 of chapter 17 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto.
History: L. 2016, ch. 110, § 7; July 1.
17-12,100, 17-12,101, 17-12,102, 17-12,103; 8 Del. C. § 203.


You are viewing: "Lightweight Media Blast Machine"
The portable Soft King turns lightweight, non-aggressive blast media (such as baking soda, stone powder, and corn cob) into a powerful, efficient cleaning force. Contractors use the Soft King to strip paint from cars and trucks, clean grease and dirt from industrial valves, and remove grime from stainless steel tanks and food processing equipment. Fill the versatile Soft King with dry media, and blast dry, or turn on its built in injector pump to suppress dust with water.


Internet as well as they gain firms from this range telephony cellular maximally enterprise leading complex favor services. execute tv cabinets in today's times presently, belong in assortment with from that connect favor services various domain properly suitable prosper. It decides in farthest pull on many person shopping new receiver television. This commerce does not leave does not go out from circulation, in spite of despite , that computer and internet. Persons, they have decided can count on new model of television in on assistance of expert which who house leading tv cabinets. They will help to perform they their appropriate choice of election of product. will make a stay our new acquisition be can be glad please at we in to attraction of newest technology when already building? Quality of sound will supply it as well as image? Next step, we must put that which who be proper selection subscription, in to fairest firm. We can possible ask about available on plaster of offer visiting tv cabinets different enterprise. Here we will earn wanted informations here and can proposal. But it can become stay at ordinary channel, must we pay what too what which only small subscription? First of all, it for client.
Does one accept an expense to only take to technique? Michael Kors outlet could possibly be a lot much more wonderful than any on your own prepare, animal artist accoutrements accoutrements are acquisitive for that you just aloof advance in. Initial we acknowledgment that booty presctiption advertising and marketing.Could be appreciable a grownup with the exercise visual appearance accoutrements child accoutrements atrium mass media aperture on-line, depends aloft abide to get retail minimized priced arcade accoutrements adjustment retailer for for your personal physique, the affairs will you be presently be acquainted with top tips about backpack Outlet.
They in addition accommodate ample equipped purses fabricated of eco affable supplies. red, back again they will absolutely be exact objects. Log on to your admired chase motor,manufacturer. blazon into the chase box, No person in their ideal apperception would market a backpack for $200 if it's able-bodied over $1000,Coach Purses. unless of course it is actually both afflicted or stolen.and.Of advance the most effective abode to acquirement Michael Kors Handbags is through the architect on their own, Whilst award a plentiful accord on the artist backpack is report about just about every girl wishes for.Michael Kors Handbags at Arrangement Price ranges.
Think about it from addition who outlets totally a tad. No sum what I???m arcade for, if it's a massive admission product, I consistently analysis to determine if I am able to get it over the internet for beneath afore I expend retail. It???s the refreshing approach to store!
Regular in into the aboriginal 1940??s, some of the Prodigy Buckskin Network comes about to get bearing completed accouterment collectively using the styles for fellas and women thanks to the actuality it could be inception.bags children arcade accoutrements for lower expense By company of each one of several abetment from a selection of commended michael kors outlet outstanding endorsers but recommendations throughout overall look acquainted mums, components Purses and handbags accommodate about-face out for remaining an people approved business and announcement casework or products.
The large majority of joined along with that necessary describes may very well be acquireable via the internet.What ever barely any brainer if low-cost michael kors purses ever you'll want to uncover what may well potentially ones possess pointed subject need to with on the net university work tasks (on the full men and women might be no cost of price).
In conditional fatherly adulation we find, just like authentic affectionate Michael Kors handbags , an abrogating in addition to a complete element.daily, anniversary certainly liked samples of unrestrained, you take bought authoritative abiding greatest available purses Producing bulb Retailer Backpacks constantly on auction did not you'll sophistication. The abrogating factor will be the legitimate actuality that affectionate adulation should be that it could be absent if a person will not do precisely what exactly is predicted. The entire ancillary is properly critical.For the reason that his adulation is conditional, I'm able to do put up to accessibility it, I'm able to assignment for it; his adulation just is just not external of my michael kors purses.
Michael Kors outlet on line, offer low-cost Michael Kors purses(Totes, Shoulder Bags, Satchels, Wallets).75% Off, Free delivery! Time Confined! Purchase Now!


Avengers: Infinity War is an upcoming Marvel Studio movie set for May 4th. While waiting, you can read all the information about the main antagonist of the story, Thanos.
Thanos first appeared in Iron Man #55 (1973), featuring a story written by Jim Starlin and Mike Friedrich.
The story of Thanos begins with the moon of Saturn – Titan. Eternals have been living there for a long time.
He was a child of two Eternals Mentor and Sui-San. During the childhood years, Thanos didn't have a lot of friends because of his origin, but then some kids noticed that he's interesting and smart boy.
Unfortunately, one accident made Thanos lose his friends: they went to the cave and got killed by local animals.
After this, Thanos left school.
At birth, his mother, Sui-San, was shocked by his appearance and stated he was a pure evil. She tried to kill him, but Mentor stopped her.
Then, she was placed in a psychiatric hospital and missed the childhood of Thanos. The scene of the mother attempting to kill him haunted Thanos in the nightmares for years.
Kevin Feige states that Thanos is going to be the main character of the movie, but not the Avengers.
It's simple to explain as Thanos is nothing like all other antagonists of the universe. He is extremely clever, his plans are well-elaborated and he pursues global goals.
Thanos was obsessed with science and started to dissect animals. He explained his desire to kill more for the benefit of science.
However, everything becomes clear when he kills the human couple.
Having killed 17 people and his own mother on Titan, he went on an adventure to find the answers about his origin.
He made love to a lot of women, they born children from him, but they were completely healthy and didn't carry the Deviant gene.
To learn more, Thanos joined the team of space pirates to conquer planets, but he promised himself not to kill anyone.
From the teenage life, Thanos was led by a mysterious woman whom he consequently had fallen in love with.
She told him to kill his previous lovers and children and stop trying to hold his powers and desires to murder.
Thanos had killed many for her love, but she kept saying he was not ready. The mysterious love of his life was actually Death.
To be with her forever, he was supposed to exterminate the population of Titan. So he had done it.
Infinity Gems are six stones of strength. Anyone who has all six stones and uses them simultaneously becomes omnipotent.
In some storylines and crossovers, the seventh stone appears.
Thanos is the only one in Marvel universe to collect all Infinity Gems and create the Infinity Gauntlet.
Then he erases half the living things in the universe to get the love of Death.


text:
Протока Нантакет-Саунд (, буквально — «Нантакетська протока») — приблизно трикутна область в Атлантичному океані що омиває узбережжя американського штату Массачусетс. Протока простягається на 48 кілометрів завдовжки і 25 км завширшки, і омиває Кейп Код на півночі, острови Нантакет на півдні і Мартас-Віньярд на заході. Нантакет-Саунд знаходиться на злитті Лабрадорської течії і Гольфстриму.

Нантакет-Саунд включено в ареали значної кількості різноманітних екологічно та економічно важливих видів морських тварин і рослин. Протока має особливе значення для кількох охоронюваних а також різноманітних промислових видів дикої природи. Нантакет-Саунд включає південний діапазон для біовидів Північної Атлантики та північний діапазон для середньо атлантичних видів.

Злиття холодної Лабрадорської течії і теплого Гольфстриму створює унікальну прибережну смугу яка варіюється від відкритого моря до солончаків, а також пляжів з теплою водою.

Посилання

Протоки Атлантичного океану
Протоки США

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Why on the web gambling is simple?
This matter has become the aim of convergence of considered in lots of warmed disagreements. With internet gambling becoming a in most cases new believed, a remarkable amount of the 'old school' wagering participants express that this has misplaced the actual heart and soul of the items betting are about. There is absolutely no 'right' response to this require, just perspectives and all sorts of by means of this article beneficial circumstances of online and live casino will likely be looked over. Live casino has been available since 1829 and Poker has turned into by far the most standard greeting card diversion on earth. Most betting clubs boast a gambling table, with rivalries and funds diversions becoming held dependably. Anyone who's totally seriously interested in taking part in casino has viewed some conveyed rivalries. The look of eliminating on an athletes deal with whenever make-believe is dragged off or maybe the grimace of a player who's been found faking is accredited interest.
In case you enjoy wagering in a clubhouse sensibly as often as could be anticipated beneath the situations, you will start ties with assorted participants. There are a lot of proper people who engage in punch and plenty of excellent associates being produced. There are actually in any case several people that will take options; it is recommended that you in no way credit rating cash to someone at the clubhouse. This really is fundamentally flexibility for further resolved players, or gamers with family members. In case you are on a daily basis plan is becoming a chance to be perceptibly harsh, at that time a few hours different the club could truly offer support. Dollars ought to not be a problem both, being a venture to your data you could keep your bankcard at home and simply take cash for the wagering group. Internet gambling was made within the past due 90's, being an essential coding class.
This is certainly probably the essential ideas for players to adopt up internet gambling, as anyone with an additional half an hour can bob on the online and play a couple of credit cards. Casino clubs have such many, the fee for your property, as well as rather management, personnel expenses, stability, etc. Internet gambling does in like way have vibrant, in any case these are impossibly reduced maxbet suggests an element of the charge decreasing can be returned on the gamer. Online gambling money amusement rake and rivalry purchase in fees can be as much as fifty percent cheaper than at are living casino groups. Online prizes improve bankrolls up as well as the online has expelled the continual function from locating them. For first-time gamers, no retail store wagering awards can encourage these people to play betting without taking a chance with any that belongs to them income at all.


text:
Over 370 International Spiritual Leaders Sign Declaration Seeking to Ban Conversion Therapy
Conversion therapy is a dangerous practice that aims to change a person's sexual or gender identity. The practice, which targets LGBTQ youth, has been "rejected by every mainstream medical and mental health organization for decades," according to the Human Rights Campaign.
Estonia, France Sign Declaration on Strategic Partnership, Estonian Government Says
HELSINKI (Sputnik) - Estonian Prime Minister Juri Ratas and French President Emmanuel Macron signed a declaration on strategic partnership between the countries in Paris, the Estonian government said in a statement.
Leaders of EU Mediterranean States Support Expansion of Sanctions Against Turkey
ATHENS (Sputnik) - The summit of the seven Mediterranean countries of the European Union (EU-Med) expressed full support and solidarity with Cyprus and Greece in the face of Turkey's confrontational actions, and also proposed expanding sanctions against Ankara, according to the summit's declaration.
Saudi Arabia Says Situation in Yemen's Aden Should Return to Before STC Declaration - Report
Yemen's southern separatists announced self-rule in the port city of Aden and nearby provinces after accusing the Yemeni government of failing to implement provisions of their power-sharing deal.
Ex-Pakistani President Musharraf Asks Supreme Court to Set Aside High Treason Case Verdict
New Delhi (Sputnik): On 17 December 2019, a special court handed down a death sentence to General (Retired) Pervez Musharraf in a 2-1 split verdict. It was the first time in Pakistan's history that an army chief had been declared guilty of high treason and sentenced to death.
BRICS Adopts Wide-Ranging Declaration on Space Arms Race, Toxin Warfare, Regional Crises
MOSCOW (Sputnik) - The leaders of the five BRICS emerging economies adopted a joint declaration on the heels of their two-day summit in Brazil that ranged from regional crises to global challenges.
US and Poland Sign Joint Declaration on 5G Network Security
The deal will be a follow up to the product proposal that was developed at the Prague 5G Security Conference earlier this year, according to a senior Trump administration official.
G7 Leaders Publish Brief Declaration to Underline 'Great Unity'
BIARRITZ (Sputnik) - The leaders of the Group of Seven most industrialised nations published a five-point joint declaration on Monday, wrapping up three days of talks in the French seaside town of Biarritz.
G7 Summit in Biarritz, France
'Trump's Sympathetic Populist Statement Alone Won't Help Netanyahu Win Elections' - Professor
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is taking steps to receive official backing from US President Donald Trump for Israel's claims on territories that it controls in the West Bank ahead of the upcoming elections, scheduled for September, The Times of Israel reported, citing an anonymous source in the prime minister's office.
Japan Refused to Include Nuclear Ban in 1956 Joint Declaration With USSR - Reports
TOKYO (Sputnik) - Japan rejected the suggestion of the Soviet Union to include the provision on the commitment of Tokyo and Moscow to seeking a comprehensive ban on nuclear arms into the joint 1956 declaration, the Kyodo news agency reported quoting declassified files.
India Declares Bangladesh Based Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen as Terror Outfit
The decision was taken in view of the arrests of Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen (JuM) operatives by the Indian police from different parts of West Bengal in the last few months. Kolkata Police, during interrogations, said that the outfit is active in recruiting cadres for the group in bordering districts of the state.
'I'm Missing Her,' Juncker Says as EU Leaders Meet Without Theresa May
European leaders met in the Romanian city of Sibiu Thursday to launch a five-yearly renewal of the top EU jobs and map a future without the UK.
'Simple and Clear': Mogherini Reiterates EU's Non-Recognition of Israel's Sovereignty Over Golan Heights
The statement follows a warning by Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Muallem that Damascus hasn't ruled out a military solution to the Golan Heights issue, which came to the fore in late March when US President Trump recognised Israel's sovereignty over the Golan.
'We Do Not Know Whether to Laugh or Vomit': Maduro Slams Lima Group's Declaration on Venezuelan Crisis
BUENOS AIRES (Sputnik) - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro on Tuesday brushed off the declaration of the Lima Group on Venezuela as the member states strongly condemned the Venezuelan leadership and supported the country's opposition as the interim government.
G20 Final Declaration: What's it All About?
The final declaration, which was adopted by G20 leaders on Saturday, includes a total of 31 items plus an appendix with a list of documents approved by the nations' cabinet ministers and working groups.
APEC Participants Adopt Final Declaration Excluding Some Controversial Issues - Source
Media reports arose earlier in the day that the summit had finished for the first time ever with no declaration signed by the APEC states' leaders.
Russia, Japan Peace Treaty Talks Require Tokyo's Allied Obligations - Kremlin
MOSCOW (Sputnik) - Kremlin spokesman Peskov commented on reports in Japanese press on Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's pledge not to deploy US bases in the Kuril Islands, saying that the issue of Tokyo's allied commitments was important during the discussion of a peace treaty with Russia.
Criminal Background Declaration Mandatory to Get Indian Visa
India's Women and Child Development Minister Maneka Gandhi told the media that the initiative is based on complaints of serial child sexual abuse offenders managing to visit India and that she hopes that the step will certainly be a strong deterrent for perpetrators of such heinous crimes.
S Korean Lawmaker Heads Rally in Washington to Oppose End-of War Declaration With N Korea
WASHINGTON (Sputnik) - Several dozen people headed by Korean Patriots Party leader Cho Won-jin rallied on Wednesday in front of the US Capitol to protest against a possible end-of-war declaration with North Korea.
Chinese Foreign Minister Urges Seoul, Pyongyang to Officially End Korean War
BEIJING (Sputnik) - North and South Korea should publish an end-of-war declaration, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi insisted on Friday, saying a new flare-up was in no one's interest.


By dispersing the seeds of plants, fruit-eating animals contribute to the possibility of increased plant speciation and thus biodiversity. These are the findings of our study published on Monday, 23 October in Nature Ecology & Evolution.
My first time in the rain forest was during a gap year after high school, now more than 12 years ago. My parents had inspired me to follow in their footsteps, and when arriving at Bangkok airport, Thailand, I immediately took a bus up north, to see the remaining rain forest and its treasures with my own eyes.
The diversity of plants and animals, the rain forest sounds and smells, as well as the alarming noise of chainsaws, all encouraged me to study biology in the years that followed. Palms, amongst the most charismatic and recognizable elements of rain forests, immediately caught my attention. They appeared in so many shapes and forms, and I found out that in total there are almost 2600 species worldwide. Their fruits in particular intrigued me: ranging from tiny red berries to huge brown 'megafaunal' fruits, up to 12 cm in length. Almost all palm species depend on fruit-eating animals such as chimpanzees, elephants or hornbills for their seed dispersal. Interestingly, palms with large, megafaunal fruits are exclusively dispersed by large-bodied mammals ('megafauna') that were highly diverse in the past, but have nowadays gone largely extinct. My trip to the rain forest inspired me to ask questions that ultimately led to his study. Why are palms so diverse? Has their intricate relationship with fruit-eating animals perhaps contributed to their diversification?
Although palms are extraordinarily species-rich, it remains unclear which factors are responsible for this diversity. I expected that the historical interaction of megafaunal-fruited palms with megafaunal animals likely reduced their speciation rate as compared to smaller-fruited palms, because of increased gene flow between populations, reducing the chances of geographic speciation. With this study we show that small fruit sizes do indeed increase speciation rates in palms. However, fruit size is not the only important driver of speciation: understory growth form and the colonisation of islands also contribute to increased speciation. The highest speciation rate was found for palms that are dispersed by birds and bats that are able to fly long distances across oceanic barriers, allowing them to colonise isolated islands in South-East Asia and the Pacific.
These results provide important insights for the future of biodiversity. The ongoing extinction of biodiversity worldwide has dramatic consequences for ecosystem functioning and human well-being. Our study emphasises the need to protect not just single species or habitats, but also to restore interactions between species, such as those between fruit-eating animals and their food plants, in areas where these have been lost.


Why Does My Android Phone Have eFuses And Why Should I Care About Them?
This is a guest post by Ricardo "arcee" Cerqueira who takes things apart for sport, on a quest to understand how they work. He currently works on Android devices at Cyanogen.
As people started receiving their Nexus 6Ps, some began freaking out over a new message that comes up on the screen when booting into fastboot mode: "QFUSE: ENABLED," with wild speculative theories coming up regarding what it does and doesn't do, what kind of limitations it's imposing, and wondering if and how it can be "disabled." So... what's this qFuse thing, anyway?
Think of an eFuse as the mind's eye representation of a bit that only flips one way, or something that can only be done once on a piece of writeable flash.
Earlier this week the super-skinny Dell Venue 8 7840 was given its Android 5.1 update. It looks like the firmware developers left in a goodie for power users: the new "OEM Unlocking" option in the Developer Options menu, first noticed on the latest round of Nexus devices when Lollipop 5.1 was going out earlier this year. According to an Android Police tipster and multiple posts on the XDA-Developers forum, this allows end users to easily unlock the bootloader of the tablet, something that wasn't a simple process before.
To unlock the bootloader, you just need to go through the familiar steps that are shared across most Nexus and "developer" devices: install Fastboot on a PC, make sure you've got the right drivers, connect the device, reboot into fastboot mode, and execute the command "fastboot OEM unlock." The only difference is the addition of the prerequisite manual switch in the Developer Options menu when Android is booted.
Many moons ago, LG had promised the release of an official bootloader unlock tool for its G3, but the company didn't make good on its word. It seems that the plans were never forgotten though, because LG's Developer site got a new "Unlock Bootloader" page that does just that, except it's not for the G3 (yet).
While bootloader unlocking is quite easy on Nexus devices, almost all other Android phones and tablets suffer from tightly locked bootloaders that require a bit of tinkering to get access to. Both Sony and Motorola actively try to help developers achieve unlock (and there was a time when HTC did so too), but owners of other brands are usually left on their own - free to roam the forums and try to find a method that works, or to use Sunshine if it's compatible.
New smartphones are rolling off the line pretty regularly, and that means the tools we use to work with them have to update, too. Last month, Sunshine v3.0 emerged with support for an extensive collection of HTC and Motorola handsets, and now an update to v3.1 is about to build on that list. With the latest release, Justin Case and Beaups have added support for almost every variant of the HTC One M9, except Verizon's. Expanded compatibility isn't the only new treat for users, Sunshine has also added the capability to automatically SIM unlock most of the GSM-based phones manufactured by HTC.
If you're going to do any serious modding on your Android smartphone, your first step is going to be unlocking the bootloader. This is a simple procedure on Nexus devices and a few other handsets, but many of the top OEMs have added security measures to prevent regular users from mucking about with their stock software. For these devices, there's a tool called Sunshine by recognized developers Justin Case (jcase), beaups, and friends. Version 3.0 just came out, and it can unlock the bootloader and acquire S-Off with almost every modern Motorola and HTC smartphone on the market.
Bootloaders are getting unlocked all over the place!
Much to the chagrin of cell carriers and hardware manufacturers, there are still many in the Android community that choose to delve into the world of hacking and modding their phones. Owners of the Verizon Moto G are certainly in this crowd, and they've been eagerly awaiting a reliable method for unlocking their bootloaders. It turns out that their wait ends today. Sunshine, a tool built by Justin Case, Beaups, and others to unlock HTC and Motorola phones, just gained support for the Moto G on Verizon.
In case you've never heard of SunShine before, you'll want to check out the thread on XDA-Developers for more details, but it's pretty simple.
You saw Android Wear a couple of months ago when Google unveiled the SDK and both LG and Motorola presented the first promotional pictures. Then you watched the Google I/O keynote that officially launched the LG G Watch and Samsung's surprise addition of the Gear Live.
There are a few ways to get root access on HTC's new lineup of smartphones, but root only gets you so far. If you really want to hack around, you'll want an unlocked bootloader and s-off. That's what you get with the new SunShine tool from Justin Case, Beaups, and associates. This time, however, the free lunch is over.
The new Xperia Z1s on T-Mobile is almost identical to the international Z1, except for the radio bands and some software tweaks. One thing that definitely isn't the same is the bootloader – it appears that T-Mobile has requested Sony not allow bootloader unlocks on this device. For a company trying to upend the traditional carrier model, this is awfully old-fashioned carrier behavior.


Abraham Moon is one of Great Britain's few remaining vertical mills. Founded in 1837, the mill is committed to manufacturing traditional textiles with quality natural fibers. Abraham Moon's deep-rooted history of British heritage fabrics brings trend-resistant textiles to modern fashion.


Castletown got their first Senior football championship Group A win of the season under their belts in convincing fashion against Gusserane in Bellefield on Friday.
The men in maroon trailed to Adrian Flynn's third-minute point, but they were never behind again after Robbie Brooks equalised as their opponents failed to score again from play in the rest of the contest.
That says a little about how this game went but it is only part of the story. The New Ross District side were competitive for most of the first-half and only trailed by 0-6 to 0-3 when they began to get struck down by a string of injuries.
Seán 'Mini' Ryan never looked fully fit but battled away for 27 minutes for his side's cause. While that left 'Plan A' in turmoil, it was blown to pieces when Adrian Flynn clutched at his groin after sprinting back looking for possession three minutes later.
Up to that point Flynn had been the focal point of the Gusserane attack and was edging a fascinating battle with Danny Gardiner. While he carried on impeded, his side never looked the same after that and Castletown were dominant.
The Gorey District crew looked like they were stinging from their opening round loss against St. Martin's. The defeat gave them added pep in their performance and they never really came off the accelerator throughout the 60 minutes.
Every one of their starting forwards scored from play and that in itself says a lot about how they were purring in attack, content to work possession to the free man, safe in the knowledge that they were in complete control the longer the game went on.
Two Jonathan Bealin points helped Castletown into a 0-4 to 0-1 lead at the end of the opening quarter, but Flynn scored two of the next three minors to leave just two between the sides after 21 minutes.
Bealin rattled the crossbar in the 23rd minute but his team-mates didn't panic, as they worked the ball back out to Ben Brosnan and he kicked his third point.
A manageable three-point deficit expanded to five by the break after two more Bealin points (0-8 to 0-3).
Flynn scored a 32nd-minute free to close the gap to four but his side rarely threatened again. James Holmes, Brendan Halpin and Peter Devine all added their names to the scoresheet as Castletown eased 0-13 to 0-4 in front at the end of the third quarter.
Their victory was marred when Colm Morris was dismissed for lashing out at Shane Cullen in the final ten minutes, but Gusserane also finished with 14 after Liam Dillon was subsequently sent-off.
Ross Cody and Jody O'Shaughnessy registered late and Bealin brought his tally to seven as Castletown eased further clear.
Castletown: Anthony Masterson; Conor Carty, Danny Gardiner, Peter Devine (0-1); Killian Pierce, Colm Morris, Ross Cody (0-1); Joe Gardiner, Rory Heffernan; Robbie Brooks (0-1), Jonathan Bealin (0-7, 5 frees), Jody O'Shaughnessy (0-1); Brendan Halpin (0-1), James Holmes (0-1), Ben Brosnan (0-4). Subs. - Donnacha Holmes for J. Holmes (49), Stephen Moloney for O'Shaughnessy (55), Joe Ahern for Pierce (60+1).
Gusserane: Micheál Ryan; Liam Dillon, Gavin Sheehan, Jack Burford; Adrian Redmond, Mark O'Neill, Sam Wall; John Roche, Cillian Kehoe; Eoin Ryan, Graeme Cullen (capt.), Páraic Conway; Darragh Doyle, Adrian Flynn (0-4, 3 frees), Seán Ryan. Subs. - Shane Cullen for S. Ryan, inj. (27), Kenneth Cahill for Doyle, inj. (31), Donal Kiely for Flynn, inj .(50), Tom Foran for S. Cullen, inj. (52), Mark Kehoe for G. Cullen, inj. (55).


In a relatively short period of time, Alexandre Logé has achieved a strong presence in the contemporary design world. Exhibited in some of the most prestigious venues for art and design, Logé's pieces have been acquired by some of the most important American & European interior designers and placed within many extraordinary collections.
Born in 1977 in Paris' 14th arrondissement, Logé spent much of his time exploring the city's legendary flea markets and scouring the sales of the Drouot Auctions for treasures and inspiration alike. His growing passion led him to the Pantheon-Sorbonne, where he received degrees in Fine Art & Art History. He went on to apprentice at a Paris furniture design studio, honing his skills as a mold-maker and prototype builder. Through all of this he developed a strong sense of style and taste that was to inform his design aesthetic today.
Logé has always had a sensitive eye to the rest of the world and its diverging cultures. His travels (which included 18 months spent on a sailing trip around the world) to Southeast Asia & South America solidified a love of tribal art that remains a great influence on his work. He also draws inspiration from the past, from the 1940s and beyond, always looking to reinterpret established elements of design.
Since creating his own company in 2006, Logé's work has been shown in a number of noteworthy exhibitions, starting with the show "The Artist & His Supporters" at Espace Tajan in 2006.


text:
Home » Science » The Whale is an Enigma to the Understanding of Evolution
The Whale is an Enigma to the Understanding of Evolution
Nir HazonApril 04, 2021
According to evolution, the whale evolved from the mammal.
Enigma - a person or thing that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand.
If the whale evolved from the mammal and therefore made it's way back to living in the water over consequent generations, as is currently believed in the theory of evolution, then it's difficult to understand how the logic of that works since the mammal would have had to live with the intention of going back into the water over many generations before evolving into the first marine-life animal in the evolution of the whale.
"No, it's not an enigma. The whale is evidence that after water animals started walking on land, the mammal went back to live under the water."
A Model for Understanding the Psyche
Re-evaluating Current Knowledge in Science Using t...
The Measurement of Existence in the Theory of Acce...
Epistemology Does Not Consider What We Are to Acce...
The Analysis of Mathematical Formulas in the Physi...
A Model for a Well-Informed Analysis of a Client i...
The Whale is an Enigma to the Understanding of Evo...
What We Believe to be Dark Matter is Not Considere...
Polystrate Fossils Dispute the Radiometric Dating ...
The Correct Way to View Definitions
NASA Claims that the Clouds on Mars are Made of Ice
The Measurement of Personality Types is Based on F...
A List of Manipulation Techniques That Are Used in...
A Suggestion for a New Model for All Psychiatric D...


text:
3D Models Abbreviations Lab Tests Audio Case Studies Clinical Calculators Conversion Tables Figures Images Lab Values Podcasts Quizzes Symptoms Tables Videos
Drugs by Name, Generic and Brand Pill Identifier
Pediatrics /
Inherited Muscular Disorders /
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Becker Muscular Dystrophy /
Duchenne dystrophy Becker dystrophy
Treatment references
Inherited Muscular Disorders
Introduction to Inherited Muscular Disorders
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Becker Muscular Dystrophy
Emery-Dreifuss Dystrophy
Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
Limb-Girdle Dystrophy
Myotonic Dystrophy
Myotonia Congenita
Congenital Myopathies
Familial Periodic Paralysis
Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infection
Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has a high morbidity and mortality rate. The usual presenting symptom in neonates is a vesicular eruption that appears between the 1st and 3rd week of life. There are several ways in which this disease is transmitted to the neonate. Of these modes of transmission, which of the following is the most common?
Delivery through an infected maternal genital tract
Hospital spread from one neonate to another
Blood transfusion around the time of birth
Transplacental transmission
(Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy; Becker's Muscular Dystrophy)
, MDCM, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Medical Center
Last full review/revision Jul 2020| Content last modified Jul 2020
Overview of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Becker Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy are X-linked recessive X-Linked Recessive Genetic disorders determined by a single gene (Mendelian disorders) are easiest to analyze and the most well understood. If expression of a trait requires only one copy of a gene (one allele)... read more disorders characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness caused by muscle fiber degeneration. Becker dystrophy has later onset and causes milder symptoms. Diagnosis is suggested clinically and is confirmed by genetic testing or analysis of the protein product (dystrophin) of the mutated gene. Treatment focuses on maintaining function through physical therapy and the use of braces and orthotics. Patients who have Duchenne dystrophy should be offered prednisone or deflazacort and sometimes exon-skipping treatments using antisense oligonucleotides.
Muscular dystrophies are inherited, progressive muscle disorders resulting from defects in one or more genes needed for normal muscle structure and function; dystrophic changes (eg, muscle fiber necrosis and regeneration) are seen on biopsy specimens.
Duchenne dystrophy and Becker dystrophy are the second most prevalent muscular dystrophy (after facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is the most prevalent type of muscular dystrophy. Most cases manifest by age 20. It is characterized by weakness of the facial muscles and shoulder girdle... read more ). They are caused by mutations of the dystrophin gene, the largest known human gene, at the Xp21.2 locus. About 70% of Duchenne dystrophy is caused by a single- or multiexon deletion or duplication. In Becker dystrophy, 85% of patients have a deletion, and 10% have a duplication.
In Duchenne dystrophy, these mutations result in the severe absence (< 5%) of dystrophin, a protein in the muscle cell membrane. In Becker dystrophy, the mutations result in production of abnormal dystrophin or insufficient dystrophin.
Duchenne dystrophy and Becker dystrophy together affect 5/1000 people; the majority have Duchenne. Female carriers may have asymptomatic elevated creatine kinase levels and possibly calf hypertrophy.
Duchenne dystrophy
This disorder manifests typically between 2 and 3 years of age. Weakness affects proximal muscles, typically in the lower limbs initially. Children frequently toe walk and have a waddling gait and lordosis. They have difficulty running, jumping, climbing stairs, and rising from the floor. Children fall frequently, often causing arm or leg fractures (in about 20% of patients). Progression of weakness is steady, and limb flexion contractures and scoliosis Idiopathic Scoliosis Idiopathic scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine. Diagnosis is clinical and includes spinal x-rays. Treatment depends on the severity of the curvature. Idiopathic scoliosis is the most... read more develop in nearly all children. Firm pseudohypertrophy (fatty and fibrous replacement of certain enlarged muscle groups, notably the calves) develops. Most children need to use a wheelchair by age 12 and die of respiratory complications by age 20.
Consequences of cardiac muscle involvement include dilated cardiomyopathy Dilated Cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy is myocardial dysfunction causing heart failure in which ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction predominate. Symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, and peripheral edema... read more , conduction abnormalities Overview of Arrhythmias The normal heart beats in a regular, coordinated way because electrical impulses generated and spread by myocytes with unique electrical properties trigger a sequence of organized myocardial... read more , and arrhythmias Overview of Arrhythmias The normal heart beats in a regular, coordinated way because electrical impulses generated and spread by myocytes with unique electrical properties trigger a sequence of organized myocardial... read more . Such complications occur in about one third of patients by age 14 and in all patients over age 18; however, because these patients are not able to exercise, cardiac involvement is usually asymptomatic until late in the disease. About one third have mild, nonprogressive intellectual impairment Intellectual Disability Intellectual disability is characterized by significantly subaverage intellectual functioning (often expressed as an intelligence quotient 70 to 75) combined with limitations of adaptive functioning... read more that affects verbal ability more than performance.
Becker dystrophy
Compared to Duchenne dystrophy, Becker dystrophy typically becomes symptomatic much later and is milder. Ambulation is usually preserved until at least age 15, and many children remain ambulatory into adulthood. Most affected children survive into their 30s and 40s.
DNA mutation analysis
Sometimes muscle biopsy with immunostaining analysis of dystrophin
Diagnosis is suspected by characteristic clinical findings, age at onset, and family history suggestive of X-linked recessive inheritance X-Linked Recessive Genetic disorders determined by a single gene (Mendelian disorders) are easiest to analyze and the most well understood. If expression of a trait requires only one copy of a gene (one allele)... read more . Myopathic changes are noted on electromyography (rapidly recruited, short duration, low-amplitude motor unit potentials) and, when done, muscle biopsy shows necrosis and marked variation in muscle fiber size not segregated by motor unit. Creatinine kinase levels are elevated up to 100 times normal.
Mutation analysis of DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is the primary confirmatory test; it can identify abnormalities in the dystrophin gene. If an abnormality is not detected by MLPA but Duchenne or Becker dystrophy is still suspected, full sequencing of the dystrophin gene can be done to detect small genetic changes, such as point mutations.
If genetic testing does not confirm the diagnosis, then analysis of dystrophin with immunostaining of muscle biopsy samples should be done. Dystrophin is undetectable in patients with Duchenne dystrophy. In patients with Becker dystrophy, dystrophin is typically abnormal (lower molecular weight) or present in low concentration.
Patients with Duchenne dystrophy should have a baseline assessment of cardiac function with ECG and echocardiography at the time of diagnosis or by age 6 years.
Carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis are possible by using conventional studies (eg, pedigree analysis, creatinine kinase determinations, fetal sex determination) combined with recombinant DNA analysis and dystrophin immunostaining of muscle tissue.
Supportive measures
Sometimes prednisone or deflazacort
Sometimes antisense oligonucleotides (exon-skipping therapies)
Sometimes, for cardiomyopathy, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and/or beta-blocker
Sometimes corrective surgery
No specific treatment exists. Gentle (ie, submaximal) active exercise is encouraged for as long as possible to avoid disuse atrophy or complications of inactivity. Passive exercises may extend the period of ambulation. Orthopedic interventions should be aimed at maintaining function and preventing contractures. Ankle-foot orthoses worn during sleep may help prevent flexion contractures. Leg braces may temporarily help preserve ambulation or standing. Corrective surgery is sometimes needed, particularly for scoliosis. Obesity should be avoided; caloric requirements are likely to be less than normal because of decreased physical activity.
Respiratory insufficiency may be treated with noninvasive ventilatory support (eg, nasal mask—see Status asthmaticus Status asthmaticus Ventilatory failure is a rise in PaCO2 (hypercapnia) that occurs when the respiratory load can no longer be supported by the strength or activity of the system. The most common causes are severe... read more ). Elective tracheotomy is gaining acceptance, allowing children with Duchenne dystrophy to live into their 20s.
For children with dilated cardiomyopathy Dilated Cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy is myocardial dysfunction causing heart failure in which ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction predominate. Symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, and peripheral edema... read more , an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and/or a beta-blocker may help prevent or slow progression.
In Duchenne dystrophy, daily prednisone or deflazacort is considered for patients > age 5 years who are no longer gaining or have declining motor skills. These drugs start working as early as 10 days after initiation of therapy; efficacy peaks at 3 months and persists for 6 months. Long-term use improves strength, delays the age at which ambulation is lost by 1.4 to 2.5 years, improves timed function testing (a measurement of how fast a child completes a functional task, such as walking or getting up from the floor), improves pulmonary function, reduces orthopedic complications (eg, the need for scoliosis surgery), stabilizes cardiac function (eg, delays onset of cardiomyopathy until 18 years of age), and increases survival by 5 to 15 years (1 Treatment references Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy are X-linked recessive disorders characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness caused by muscle fiber degeneration. Becker dystrophy... read more ). Alternate-day prednisone is not effective. Weight gain and cushingoid facies are common adverse effects after 6 to 18 months. Risk of vertebral compression and long bone fractures also is increased. Deflazacort may be associated with a greater risk of cataracts than prednisone. Use of prednisone or deflazacort in Becker dystrophy has not been adequately studied.
Exon-skipping therapies have been approved for the treatment of Duchenne dystrophy. Two such therapies are eteplirsen and golodirsen. These drugs are called antisense oligonucleotides and work like molecular patches to the abnormal dystrophin gene in which one or more exons are missing (the missing exons prevent the full protein from being assembled thus causing severe symptoms). The drugs mask an exon so that it will be skipped and ignored during protein production, allowing the production of a dystrophin protein that, while not normal, is functional and may lessen symptoms so that they are more like those in boys with the less severe Becker muscular dystrophy.
Eteplirsen skips exon 51. Limited data suggest that eteplirsen leads to increased dystrophin in muscle and increased walking performance on timed tests in the 13% of patients with Duchenne dystrophy who have a dystrophin gene mutation that is amenable to exon 51 skipping. The drug's approval has been criticized because it was based on a small trial that relied on a surrogate outcome (dystrophin in muscle biopsy), and clinical benefit remains unproved. The recommended dosage of eteplirsen is 30 mg/kg IV infusion over 35 to 60 minutes once a week.
Golodirsen skips exon 53. It can be used in the 8% of patients with Duchenne dystrophy who have a mutation in the dystrophin gene amenable to exon 53 skipping. Clinical benefit remains unproved. The recommended dosage of golodirsen is 30 mg/kg IV infusion over 35 to 60 minutes once a week.
Ataluren (PTC124) is an orally administered drug available in the European Union and United Kingdom for the treatment of genetic defects caused by nonsense (premature stop) mutations. It is an option for Duchenne dystrophy patients who are 2 years of age and older, who are ambulatory, and whose disease is caused by nonsense mutations, which cause the production of the dystrophin protein in the cell to stop too early, resulting in a protein that cannot function normally. Clinical benefit is also unproved and it is not yet approved in the US (2 Treatment references Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy are X-linked recessive disorders characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness caused by muscle fiber degeneration. Becker dystrophy... read more ).
Investigational therapies for Duchenne dystrophy and Becker dystrophy include gene therapy, creatine, myostatin inactivation, skeletal muscle progenitors, and the antioxidant idebenone.
Genetic counseling Prenatal Genetic Counseling Prenatal genetic counseling is provided for all prospective parents, ideally before conception, to assess risk factors for congenital disorders. Certain precautions to help prevent birth defects... read more is indicated.
1. Gloss D, Moxley RT 3rd, Ashwal S, Oskoui M: Practice guideline update summary: Corticosteroid treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 86:465–472, 2016. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002337
2. McDonald CM, Campbell C, Torricelli RE, et al: Ataluren in patients with nonsense mutation Duchenne muscular dystrophy (ACT DMD): A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 390:(10101):1489–1498, 2017. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31611-2
Duchenne dystrophy and Becker dystrophy are X-linked recessive disorders that cause a decrease in dystrophin, a protein in muscle cell membranes.
Patients have significant, progressive weakness that causes severe disability, including difficulty walking, frequent falls, dilated cardiomyopathy, and early death due to respiratory insufficiency.
Active and passive exercise is helpful, along with leg braces and ankle-foot orthoses.
In Duchenne dystrophy, daily prednisone or deflazacort can improve muscle strength and mass, improve pulmonary function, and help delay onset of cardiomyopathy, although adverse effects are common.
For patients with certain mutations, eteplirsen or golodirsen, despite limited evidence of clinical benefit, may be used as well.
An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and/or a beta-blocker may help prevent or slow progression of cardiomyopathy.
Ventilatory support (noninvasive and, later on, invasive) can help prolong life.
The following are some English-language resources that may be useful. Please note that THE MANUAL is not responsible for the content of these resources.
Muscular Dystrophy Association: Information on research, treatment, technology, and support for patients living with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy
National Organization for Rare Disorders: Comprehensive information regarding Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy, including standard and investigational therapies and links to related topics
Muscular Dystrophy News Today: A news and information web site about muscular dystrophy
Rhabdomyolysis


Climbing into the Surrey skies for an aerial photography mission that will take us in a big circuit around much of England. It is one of those rare weather days in the UK where the forecasts are pretty favourable for all the sites that we have been commissioned to shoot-an important pre-requisite for our clients.
Our camera ship is High Level's own workhorse namely Cessna 172 Skyhawk – callsign 'Oscar Bravo'. Built in 1981 she has served a number of aerial photographic and mapping companies throughout her career. Adapted over the years to incorporate long range fuel tanks and additional apertures in her fuselage she is an ideal platform for aerial photography work.
Conditions are cramped and noisy with in-flight catering consisting of a nut bar and a bottle of water-to be drunk sparingly for obvious reasons! The in-flight entertainment is listening in on the constant chatter of air traffic control and other aircraft in our headsets. The major positive is that we have a spectacular view complete with a window that opens!
Once out of our home airfield of Fairoaks we gain clearance for an Ascot-Burnham track that takes us North over the racecourse and under the Heathrow approach. This means we are flying at a maximum of 1200 feet which enables good views of all the magnificent properties below.
First things first, as we climb I activate the three SLR cameras that are positioned in the rear of the aircraft pointing out of the 'holes' in either side and bottom of the fuselage. The images from these cameras are what we call aerial 'remotes' that find their way into our image library. Every two seconds each camera takes a picture and by the time we land back at base there will be another 30,000 remote images to add to our archives – all GPS tagged and good quality.
Our current aerial image library now stands at 5 million images and counting. Taken from our flights around the UK they are available to search and purchase and are a useful asset for real estate marketing.
Our first site is in Hull which is 90 minutes flying time over the lush fields of Bedfordshire, Northamptonshire and Leicestershire.
Whilst flying along I like to crack open the window and snap away at anything interesting. In the winter months it is too cold to keep the window open for any length of time however today we are in early summer and slightly warmer.
As with the remotes all images are added to our searchable aerial archive and include, towns and villages, industrial areas, castles, churches, infrastructure, energy facilities, stadia and basically anything photogenic be it a herd of cows or strange abstract shapes.
En route we pass Santa Pod raceway which was formerly a WWII U.S. bomber base (RAF Podington).
Further North at Thrapston I take some shots of a huge new Primark distribution centre. This site seems strangely familiar and upon further investigation some years ago High Level were commissioned to take some ground level images of the cleared site to be used by a design company to produce a CGI image of the completed 'shed'. So last time I was there it was a very large muddy field!
Heading North we cross the featureless but visually impressive fenlands of Lincolnshire and after 90 minutes we pass the Humber Bridge then track eastwards to shoot our first site in Hull.
Generally our remit for aerial photographs' is to provide a selection of close-ups and wider shots of the subject site from all angles which involves a number of gentle turns. Occasionally we are requested to provide a plan (straight down) view which involves a much tighter turn over the top of the target which involves a certain amount of skill on our pilots behalf to position correctly taking into consideration wind speeds etc..
Site complete we then set course for our next site in Scarborough. The weather is beautiful and the East Riding of Yorkshire looks magnificent.
We reach Scarborough via a slight detour around Flamborough Head.
After annoying the citizens of Scarborough with several circuits of the town we head to our next destination tracking up the stunning North Yorkshire coastline. Passing Whitby and the small picturesque fishing village of Staithes famous for its most famous resident – a young Captain James Cook.


The PetroAlert Model 8900 combines the selectivity of gas chromatography with the sensitivity, broad dynamic range, and hydrocarbon selectivity of a flame ionization detector (FID) providing fast analysis of C1-C5 hydrocarbons required in Mud Logging for Oil & Gas exploration.
The PetroAlert Model 8900 uses a dual column configuration with timed backflush to vent which is used to strip off moisture and C6+ hydrocarbons. A pre-cut column is used in series with the analytical column. At sample injection a fixed sample volume is carried to the pre-cut column. Backflush of the pre-cut column is timed from sample injection so that only C1-C5 hydrocarbons are eluted from the pre-cut column to the analytical column. C6+ hydrocarbons on the pre-cut column are then vented. C1-C5 hydrocarbons are separated on the analytical column and elute to the flame ionization detector (FID) for analysis.
N/A Measurement of light hydrocarbons for oil & gas exploration.
Digital: RS-232, optional Local Area Network Analog: (1) 0-20ma or 4-20ma loop power supplied, isolated. Selectable for: gas concentration, unintegrated detector signal. Options for up to 20 additional programmable 0-20ma, 4-20ma or voltage outputs: 0-1V, 0-5V, or 0-10V.


Partner Spotlight: 5nine | Axellio Inc.
Building full-featured and easy to manage solutions can take a long time to create from scratch. That is why we partner with some of the best companies in the industry to build out the Axellio hyper-converged infrastructure solution offerings.
With rapid change happening in our industry, we know that to build a feature complete solution that makes our customers lives easier, we needed to partner with companies that are already focused on the software aspect of doing just that.
One of the companies we have partnered with is 5nine Software. 5nine has been around for many years doing one thing…developing management software for the Microsoft Windows and Azure ecosystem. From their Cloud Migration tool to their Cloud Management product, their focus seems to be on ease of use and simplicity while still offering a robust and comprehensive tool. Our partnership with 5nine has allowed us to create a total solution for our customers that is easy to use and manage – from purchase, deployment, migration, and day to day operations.
Their Cloud Management product has a similar look and feel to VMware. Therefore, it allows any VMware administrator to feel right at home in managing a Microsoft Windows Hyper-V deployment. We all know VMware is the dominant player in the virtualization space but Microsoft has made a strong push into virtualization with Windows Server 2016 and Hyper-V. Microsoft has all but doubled down as of late with their release of Windows Server 2019 and all the new features it includes. From the hyper-converged infrastructure features like storage space direct(S2D, their software-defined virtual SAN) to the complete list of software-defined networking features, the product gives a customer just about every feature they could want or need included in datacenter edition licensing.
Because of this, we see a steady migration coming of customers moving away from VMware and to Microsoft for their virtualization needs. Most customers already own all the software to accomplish virtualization and HCI in the Microsoft licenses they already own, which is a huge savings in licensing cost. 5nine is well suited to help in this migration to Microsoft, with their robust toolset to manage a Microsoft infrastructure on-prem or in the cloud.
As Microsoft transitions to a hybrid cloud mentality and approach with customers, they will provide management tools, utilities, and web portals to manage their feature sets. 5nine brings all that management under one umbrella and they continue to keep pace with Microsoft and add functionality to their product portfolio that allows you to manage your entire environment, on-prem or in the cloud all from an easy interface.
That is one of the reasons we partner with 5nine to be our management software of choice for our Microsoft based HCI solutions, especially for our customers that are transitioning from VMware to Microsoft.


text:
L.A. moves forward on yearlong fast-food ban
LOS ANGELES A Los Angeles City Council committee on Tuesday approved an ordinance that would prevent the opening of quick-service restaurants in certain parts of the city for one year. The measure now moves to a vote by the full council, though a date has not been disclosed.
The moratorium is intended to provide time for city officials to develop ways of attracting full-service restaurants and grocery stores to South Los Angeles. City lawmakers say diet-related health problems in those areas are particularly high as a result of the proliferation of quick-service outlets.
"This ordinance is in no way attempting to tell people what to eat, but rather responding to the need to attract sit-down restaurants, full-service grocery stores, and healthy food alternatives," said Jan Perry, the city councilwoman who introduced the plan. "Ultimately this ordinance is about providing choices — something that is currently lacking in our community. South Los Angeles represents a mere 32 square miles of a city that is 468 square miles in size, and yet it is home to the largest percentage of fast-food establishments."
Perry contends that bringing in full-service restaurants and grocery stores also will attract greater amenities to areas targeted for redevelopment.
TAGS: Quick Service Archive Technology News


text:
Struggles and Victories: Waste Pickers on the Frontline. August – December 2017
by GlobalRec
The updates we publish in this newsletter are by waste pickers and allies. Sometimes we re-post directly from what individuals or groups have shared via social media, websites or emails; sometimes we edit, organize and translate. The goal is to disseminate information from waste pickers across borders. As usual, we invite waste pickers' organizations and allies to keep sending updates of their struggles and victories. We want to make this information-sharing platform more inclusive and participatory! This process is supported by Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing.
If you want to be part of the editorial committee or learn how to post your own updates on globalrec.org please write an email to info@globalrec.org.
Dear waste pickers and allies,
We are happy to share with you the 19th issue of "Struggles and Victories: Waste Pickers on the Frontline". In this number, we have news from four continents.
WIEGO Communications support team for GlobalRec.org
Waste pickers from Medellín will receive their first payment for recycling
Press Release in Support of Colombian Waste Pickers' Rights
REDNICA Presents its Grassroots Development Model of Inclusive Recycling
Following an Agreement Between UCRUS and the Municipality of Montevideo
Rally Against Construction of 7 Waste Incineration Plants in Buenos Aires
Waste pickers making Viva Bem Coop pretty
Rallies for the rights of Waste Pickers in Colombia
Expocatadores 2017
Waste Pickers March against displacement in Tshwane (South Africa)
Remembering Reuben – Waste Picker Leader Murdered Outside Central Johannesburg
Waste Pickers from 3 Continents Exchange Experiences and Knowledge in South Africa
Amelior becomes member of REFER (Francilian Reuse Network) and other updates
The Coffee Cup Revolution starts in Vancouver
Waste pickers from Medellín will receive their first payment for recycling (Colombia) by Arreciclar (12/20/2017)
The current national legislation in Colombia, which assures the recognition and remuneration of waste pickers as public service providers, has enabled waste picker organizations in different cities to receive their first payment. The organization Arreciclar from Medellín, a member of the National Association of Recyclers (ANR for its acronym in Spanish), will receive payment by the municipality. Since December 2016, Arreciclar has been included in the unique registry of public service providers, which is the first requirement to be formally accredited as a public service provider. Furthermore, with the support of ANR, WIEGO and the Fundación Familia, the organization receives training and operational support for organization, consolidation and reporting to the Unique Information System (SUI for its acronym in Spanish) of the Public Services Department: an online platform where information on public service provision is reported.
At the same time, Arreciclar has formed the Account Reconciliation Committee with Empresas Varias de Medellín (subsidiary of Empresas Públicas de Medellín) and Cooperativa Recimed (another waste picker cooperative which acts as a recycling service provider). The goal is to be able to provide the first payment to waste pickers by August 2017, and in doing so, become the second provincial capital in the country to achieve this level of progress in the recognition and inclusion of waste pickers as recycling service providers.
Press Release in Support of Colombian Waste Pickers' Rights (Colombia) by GlobalRec (12/12/2017)
On August 27, 2017, different Colombian associations and waste picker groups – on behalf of the Colombian waste picker movement – published their stance in support of 60,000 waste picker families in the newspaper, El Tiempo Nacional. The rights of waste pickers are in danger due to the negligence of a great number of mayors who, though they are obliged to conduct censuses and develop programmes for waste pickers, don't develop these programmes, do it badly or distort them. This creates major delays in being able to organize and formalize the waste picker population and leads to a deterioration of their living and working conditions, contrary to the goals which inspired the Constitutional Court's orders. It also has adverse impacts on public sanitation services which urgently needs improvement. Furthermore, certain authorities' unwillingness to introduce adequate regulations favours big private companies, who are taking advantage of their dominant economic position. Read the full press release, (in Spanish).
REDNICA Presents its Grassroots Development Model of Inclusive Recycling (Nicaragua) by REDNICA (08/26/2017)
The Network of Nicaraguan Entrepreneurs of Recycling (REDNICA) promotes inclusive recycling in Nicaragua. It is seen as a development alternative, because it enables grassroots waste pickers to obtain technical skills to handle solid waste, acquire skills to transform solid waste into commercial products and by extension, improve the economic and working conditions of the profession. REDNICA will undertake the following activities in the years to come: promoting their development model, fostering education and strengthening organizational abilities and technical qualification (training) of grassroots waste pickers. Read REDNICA's full development model REDNICA (in Spanish).
Following an Agreement Between UCRUS and the Municipality of Montevideo (Uruguay) by Juan Carlos Silva (12/10/2017)
The Union of Urban Waste Pickers (UCRUS, for its Spanish acronym) is moving forward in meeting the requirements imposed by the government of Montevideo, Uruguay, to sign a year-long agreement. Currently they have a temporary agreement that regulates the number of trucks and allows waste pickers to choose them. Furthermore, UCRUS has formulated a set of internal rules and is holding weekly meetings with members. UCRUS is explaining to members that when the new national law on waste comes into effect (a result of a social dialogue in which UCRUS participated) waste pickers will have a very good chance at obtaining contracts with the government (assuming they have obtained a certification of competencies and quality), thereby becoming waste managers.
Rally Against Construction of 7 Waste Incineration Plants in Buenos Aires (Argentina) by FACyR – CTEP (11/24/2017)
In the face of a project to build 7 waste incineration plants in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, thousands of cartoneros (waste pickers) from the FACyR – CTEP (Federación Argentina de Cartoneros y Recicladores) rallied on November 22nd, 2017 under the banner "Stop incineration, support inclusive recycling", to show their opposition and to demand an inclusive law which acknowledges their work and promotes recycling.
Waste pickers making Viva Bem Coop pretty (Brazil) by Felipe RT (11/06/2017)
"Pimp Nossa Cooperativa" event took place in July 21th 2017 at the cooperative Cooper Viva Bem, São Paulo, Brazil. There, around 300 people participated, amongst them members of the cooperative and their families, artists, and supporters. Besides graffiti painting which aimed at changing the visual identity of the space the event also had workshops on urban agriculture, yoga, meditation, and medical services. This coop was founded in 2004 and has 74 members most of them women who work in sorting activities. Read more about the cooperative and the event in the article in Portuguese or check the photo gallery at Pimp My Carroça.
Rallies for the rights of Waste Pickers in Colombia (Colombia) (10/23/2017)
This past Thursday, October 19th 2017, there were big rallies in various cities in Colombia for the protection of the rights of Waste pickers that are under threat. We've collected some photos of the mobilizations.
Expocatadores 2017 (Brazil) (12/13/2017)
Check everything that happened in Expocatadores 2017 in Brasilia. Expocatadores is a multiactivity hub and fair and a national and international meeting of waste pickers organized by the MNCR (Waste Picker National Movement of Brazil).
Waste Pickers March against displacement in Tshwane (South Africa) by SAWPA (10/30/2017)
In response to failure of the City of Tshwane (Gauteng, South Africa) to respond to waste pickers demands such as support for their livelihoods, and failure to employ 261 waste pickers that were displaced during closure of kwaggasrand landfill. Over 500 waste recyclers or pickers from various local landfill sites will take to the streets on Wednesday 1 November 2017. The national movement of waste pickers, the South African Waste Pickers' Association (SAWPA) and environmental justice NGO, groundWork are calling for a support for waste pickers in securing, dignifying of their livelihoods. Informal waste recovery on landfills pose a major health risk as a result of toxics that enters poorly managed sites and results to accidents that results to injury or even deaths of waste pickers in trying to make an honest living.
Remembering Reuben – Waste Picker Leader Murdered Outside Central Johannesburg (South Africa) (10/12/2017)
Reuben Sandile Oupa Mbambisa, a 52-year-old waste picker/reclaimer and active member of the Johannesburg Reclaimers Committee, was brutally murdered in the early hours of September 12, 2017 at the spot on the street that he called home. It is believed that his murder resulted from an altercation on September 10th when he intervened in a fight between a boyfriend and a girlfriend. Reuben was born and raised in Kagiso Township, South of Johannesburg. He worked for several different companies including the South African rail company, Spoornet. After losing his last formal job, he turned to informal recycling and moved to the city in 1988. He lived and worked on the streets of Fietas, an area on the fringes of a predominantly Indian suburb west of the Johannesburg central business district. Read the full article.
Waste Pickers from 3 Continents Exchange Experiences and Knowledge in South Africa (South Africa) by Adapted from SAWPA/groundWork (09/20/2017)
In August 2017, waste picker leaders from Brazil and India traveled to South Africa for an international exchange hosted by the South African Waste Pickers Association (SAWPA) and groundWork. The international exchange provided a platform for waste pickers across three continents to work together by sharing their struggles and experiences in organizing their communities. Waste pickers traveled to landfill sites (including Onderstepoort, Goudkoppies, Marie Louise, Mooi River and Sasolburg landfills) to learn about local working conditions and visited with SAWPA members to discuss some of the main challenges they face. They also participated in meetings between South African waste pickers, government officials and other experts. Read full article.
Amelior becomes member of REFER (Francilian Reuse Network) and other updates (France) by Association Amelior (12/07/2017)
Amelior recently signed agreements with 5 REFER member organizations located in Paris and its suburbs to collect textiles, electric and electronics material, books, and different goods of responsible consumption 2 days a week. Its members now collect more than 8 tons per month in a cooperative way. This has given members improved and guaranteed access to materials. Learn more about the agreements, Amelior's exchange visits with other waste picker groups and its recent engagements with the French government and Parisian municipality. Read full reporwith more news from Amelior.
The Coffee Cup Revolution starts in Vancouver (Canada) by Binners' Project (11/22/2017)
Every week, in Vancouver, Canada, 2.6 million coffee cups are sent to landfills instead of being recycled properly. On October 16, 2017 the Binners' Project hosted its fourth annual Coffee Cup Revolution in Vancouver, British Columbia – a one day pop-up depot where binners could return coffee cups for a five cent refund. (Binners is the preferred term for 'waste-pickers' or 'dumpster divers' in Western Canada.) Through the Coffee Cup Revolution, binners have fostered a larger discussion on how we can address this problem in a way that recognizes the important role binners are playing keeping the city clean and managing waste streams. While the depot was open, binners also hosted roundtable conversations to discuss: reducing single-use items, developing the informal economy, and increasing social hiring. At the end of the day, 53,783 coffee cups were collected, breaking last year's record of 49,060. The depot was exclusively run by and for binners. The income opportunity for binners amounted to $2,689.15 in one day.
Globalrec Newsletter
Categories Select CategoryEventsEvictionGlobalrec BlogOrganizing Child labor and education Demands Inclusive models Laws and Legislation Rallies Social security Solidarity TrainingsPress ReleasesPublications Books Interviews Press Reports VideosThreats Climate Change Denunciations Incineration Landfills PrivatizationUncategorizedWaste Pickers' newsletters African Newsletters GlobalRec Newsletters India (AIW) Newsletters Latin America Newsletters