text:
<?php

namespace Antares\Foundation;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
use ReflectionClass;

class Request
{

    /**
     * container with current route params
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $routeParams;

    /**
     * current controller name
     *
     * @var String
     */
    protected static $controller;

    /**
     * current action name
     *
     * @var String
     */
    protected static $action;

    /**
     * currentmodule name
     *
     * @var String
     */
    protected static $module;

    /**
     * constructor
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->routeParams = !is_null($route             = Route::getCurrentRoute()) ? $route->getAction() : [];
    }

    /**
     * get current controller name by route
     *
     * @return String
     */
    public function getController()
    {
        if (!is_null(self::$controller)) {
            return self::$controller;
        }
        $controllerParam = array_get($this->routeParams, 'controller');
        $match           = null;

        preg_match("'Foundation\\\Http\\\Controllers\\\(.*?)@'si", $controllerParam, $match);

        if (!isset($match[1]) && !preg_match("'Admin\\\(.*?)@'si", $controllerParam, $match)) {
            return;
        }
        self::$controller = str_replace('controller', '', strtolower($match[1]));
        return self::$controller;
    }

    /**
     * get controller class name
     *
     * @return String
     */
    public function getControllerClass()
    {
        $controller = array_get($this->routeParams, 'controller');
        $match      = null;
        if (!preg_match('/(.*?)(?=@|$)/', $controller, $match)) {
            return;
        }
        return $match[0];
    }

    /**
     * get action name by route
     *
     * @return String
     */
    public function getAction()
    {
        if (!is_null(self::$action)) {
            return self::$action;
        }
        $controllerParam = array_get($this->routeParams, 'controller');
        $match           = null;

        if (!preg_match("/.+?(?=@)@(.*)/", $controllerParam, $match)) {
            return;
        }
        self::$action = strtolower($match[1]);
        return self::$action;
    }

    /**
     * get module name by route
     *
     * @return String
     */
    public function getModule()
    {
        if (!is_null(self::$module)) {
            return self::$module;
        }
        $controllerParam = array_get($this->routeParams, 'controller');
        $match           = null;
        preg_match('/(.*?)(?=@|$)/', $controllerParam, $match);
        if (!isset($match[0])) {
            return;
        }
        $reflection = new ReflectionClass($match[0]);
        $filename   = $reflection->getFileName();
        if (!preg_match("'antares(.*?)src'si", $filename, $match)) {
            return;
        }
        $reserved     = [
            'components', 'modules'
        ];
        self::$module = (str_contains($match[1], 'core')) ? 'core' : trim(str_replace($reserved, '', $match[1]), DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
        return self::$module;
    }

    /**
     * does the request wants api response
     *
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function shouldMakeApiResponse()
    {
        $accept   = request()->header('Accept');
        $accepted = implode('.', [env('API_STANDARDS_TREE'), env('API_SUBTYPE')]);
        return request()->wantsJson() && extension_active('api') && str_contains($accept, $accepted) && class_exists('\Antares\Modules\Api\Http\Router\Adapter');
    }

}

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text:
By Heidi LauterbachEvents4 min read
TMtC's 2023 Winter Events
Our annual fundraising film night has evolved into community-oriented educational events. Please join us for our new event structure, free of charge!
Mental Health in the Mountains
Wilkinson Public Library Program Room
5:30 pm to 7:00pm
Join the Telluride Mountain Club and Wilkinson Public Library for a free event about mental health and how it plays into and relates to our passions in the mountains. Our schedule of events include:
The premiere of the film Heart and Soul and Concrete. Meredith Edwards is an accomplished ultra-runner and mountain athlete who has suffered from abuse and has developed a kinetic way of processing her trauma–dance rollerblading. Meredith will be attending the event for a film Q&A and will be on the panel for our follow-up discussion.
A showing of Ups and Downs. This film showcases professional skier Drew Petersen's navigation of the mountains and valleys of mental health through skiing.
An open and public panel discussion on the topic of mental health in our mountain town. We are encouraging questions from the audience and hope to walk away with new tools and resources for outdoor grief and trauma. Panel participants include: Meredith Edwards, Lauren Glass, Danielle Beamer, and more to be announced soon.
Athlete / Counselor Bios
Danielle Beamer, LSW is deeply invested in rural mountain communities and loves learning people's stories. She works with adults and older teens in individual and group settings to address a broad range of issues. Healing often requires allowing the hard, sticky, revolting, and unwanted emotions to create space for the pleasurable ones. It's natural to need support through that process. Danielle gets excited about working with folks who are new to therapy or are comfortable pushing themselves physically but less familiar pushing emotional comfort zones. One of her passions is supporting survivors of outdoor trauma such as avalanches and wilderness accidents. She also loves collaborating with folks who are used to therapy and looking to go deeper. Danielle utilizes Internal Family Systems, body-centered approaches, and practical neuroscience to join the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual realms. To connect visit hiddenaspectscounseling.com, email danielleb@hiddenaspectscounseling.com or call 970-403-5999.
Lauren Glass (she/her), is a Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate (LPCC) in the State of Colorado and a National Certified Counselor (NCC). She worked for a decade in conservation, environmental education, and outdoor recreation prior to entering the mental health field. Lauren utilizes an interdisciplinary approach to serve a wide range of people and organizations in the Four Corners Region through direct clinical services, mental health education, and consultation. Currently she works in several capacities, including at the Silverton School, with an experiential equine facility, and as a mental health consultant for Southwest Conservation Corps. She also regularly delivers trainings to avalanche and snow professionals across the region. To find out more or connect on a project visit: laurenglassconsulting.com, or email laurenglassconsulting@gmail.com.
Tri-County Health Network's Crisis Resources – tchnetwork.org/crisis-resources/
Local / Colorado Crisis Resources, Suicide Prevention Resources, Mental Health Resources, Substance Abuse Resources, Domestic Violence Resources
Survivors of Outdoor Adventures and Recovery (SOAR) – soar4life.org/
Their vision is to support survivors in a healthy life after accidents by providing resources and education for self-care, peer support, and Outdoor Trauma Informed Therapists.
Responder Alliance – responderalliance.com/
Their mission is to advance the national conversation on stress injury formation and recovery in responders of all types. We do this by connecting responders, professionals, and organizations with resources, education, and training formulated on good science.
Climbing Grief Fund – americanalpineclub.org/grieffund
The Climbing Grief Fund (CGF) connects individuals to effective mental health professionals and resources and evolves the conversation around grief and trauma in the climbing, alpinism and ski mountaineering community.
Mountain Muskox – mountainmuskox.com/
The Muskox provides safe, supportive, professional and peer facilitated, group circles for anyone who has experienced loss or trauma in the mountains. Muskox is a group of mountain community members coming together with clinicians to create a sustainable support network for those who have gone through a traumatic event, including group therapy, peer support and a mental health network.
Big thank you to Jagged Edge Mountain Gear for your sponsorship of this event!
Are you interested in becoming a sponsor, please reach out to us at telluridemountainclub@gmail.com! We are always looking for more supporters and raffle donors. Thank you for your help!
TMtC Summer BBQ & Membership Drive
Telluride Mountain Club's Party in the Park TONIGHT'S EVENT IS NOW SOLD OUT! We hope…

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Literature Across Frontiers - making literature travel
Language Choices
Co-ordinator of Literary europe live
Supporters & Sponsors
Literary Europe Live
Activities & Projects
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LAF Event Participants
LAF Staff
New Voices from Europe
Transcript Contributors
Gonca Özmen
Gonca Özmen graduated from the English Language and Literature Department of Istanbul University in 2004, holds an M.A. and is now studying for a PhD. Her first poetry book Kuytumda (In My Nook) was published in 2000 when she was eighteen years old. She was awarded a Yaşar Nabi Nayır Youth Prize, the Ali Rıza Ertan Poetry Prize, the Orhan Murat Arıburnu Poetry Prize and the Berna Moran Poetry Prize. She is one of the editors of the literary translation magazine Ç.N. (Çevirmenin Notu). Her poems have been translated into Spanish, French, English, German, Slovenian and Persian. Her second book Belki Sessiz (Maybe Quiet) came out in 2008 and The Sea Within – Selected Poems, translated into English by George Messo, was published by Shearsman in 2011. She lives in İstanbul.


text:
Shanghai Dragon Releases Overwatch League's Only Female Pro Geguri After Three Seasons
Events, Latest, Overwatch
Again, Overwatch fans will have to endure a long winter without the top female player in action. For a long time, males dominated Overwatch until Geguri made her debut at the South Korean APEX tournament and Overwatch League in 2018.
Shanghai dragons released Geguri during the weekend, alongside four players. Other team members who left as free agents include Luffy, Diya, DDing and Diem. Geguri stayed with the Shanghai Dragon for three seasons, but the team was reluctant to renew her contract.
Did Shanghai Dragon Release Their Best?
All the five players released by the Chinese organization played an integral role in 2019, as they steered the team to an extraordinary comeback. The group rose to the 11th position after performing dismally in the first season, going 0-40. However, Geguri was still part of the earlier team that lost terribly.
Geguri and her fellow "outcasts" didn't secure playing positions in 2020, as they were either benched or playing at the organization's academy. While some fans think that the five bowed to competition pressure, they are more eager to play than ever. We have yet to see the kind of game they'll bring to their next teams.
Geguri Makes a Remarkable History
Geguri is a strong lady who had to mark her top spot at the league amidst multiple cheating accusations. For instance, some male players on Reddit repeatedly accused her of aimbotting. When Overwatch dismissed the allegations, the players felt embarrassed and even quit the league. It proves that Geguri is a towering star, and most people can't hang around her, just like Shanghai Dragons.
Nevertheless, Geguri is an off-tank who still stands as a big inspiration to many female players across the world. At 21, she still has the time and energy to make a miracle debut if she lands another enthusiastic Overwatch family. Geguri's talent is rare; it shouldn't take long before officials from rival teams spot her.
Geguri's Notable Achievements in Overwatch
Geguri is an icon whose hard work and determination drove her to fame, greatness and eventually success. In her young career, she managed to attain the top Overwatch accolades a female player could. She weathered the stereotypes surrounding masculine gaming culture that dominates the industry to enter the Overwatch APEX scene at just 17 years old!
She is the first woman ever in history to be signed to an Overwatch APEX team and the entire league. In 2019, Geguri was vouched as a vibrant next-generation leader for fighting gender bias in gaming. Who wouldn't be proud of such a rare gem?
What's Next for Geguri?
No one knows what happens next to Geguri or her teammates, but its apparent none is going to retirement. With Overwatch League 2021 season set to begin late, teams are still looking for energetic and experienced players to add to their payrolls. The red and black jersey team isn't the only one to ink a deal with, especially after they reportedly declined to renew her contract. Everyone is hoping that Geguri finds a new home soon to continue inspiring millions of female Overwatch fans.


text:
Although Juliet Bredon's Peking, first published in 1922, is one of the all-time great guidebooks, it is so much more than that. Bredon was a long-time resident of Peking (now Beijing), and her intimate knowledge of the city is reflected on every page. Opening the cover is like stepping back in time to an ancient capital that no longer exists — a time when the Imperial City was still mostly unchanged, the Tartar Wall still stood, and camel caravans arriving from Central Asia were a regular sight. Rich with photographs, maps, and plans, the book is not only an entertaining read, but also a wealth of historical information and, for anyone interested in Asia, a genuine treasure.
Return to list of blog posts
Pierre Loti was a fascinating character -– French naval officer, writer, and traveler to exotic foreign lands. Famous in his day, he went native for a while in Tahiti, had an illicit love affair with a Turkish harem girl in Istanbul, and was elected to the Académie Française. Loti visited India in 1899 and 1900 and was the guest of a maharajah in Ceylon. Quite a life! India, with its fabulous cover, was published around 1910 (exact date not stated by the publisher) and is illustrated with evocative color plates and black-and-white drawings.
Foucault's Pendulum
Foucault's Pendulum, by Umberto Eco, is based on two scenes Eco experienced in his life that stuck with him: a young boy playing the trumpet in a cemetery and the image of Foucault's Pendulum in the nave of Saint-Martin-des-Champs in Paris. The book spins a tale that links those two images together -– a work of art that took him eight years to craft. The novel is bound in full leather with elaborate 24K gilt designs on the cover and features an illustration commissioned especially for the book -– a handsome volume indeed.
In Giving, How Each of Us Can Change the World, Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States, honors notable philanthropic efforts. He chronicles the stories of those who give their time or money to advance the understanding of complex issues (such as childhood obesity), to discover cures for diseases (such as malaria), and to protect the poor and vulnerable. To this, he adds his insights to challenge all of us to make a difference by finding a way to contribute what we can to meaningful causes. The former President personally signed this volume, which makes it popular as a collectible and, if you'll forgive the pun, perfect for giving.
I Married Adventure
Osa and Martin Johnson were adventurers and documentary filmmakers in the early 1900s; their movies were very popular in their time. They traveled extensively in Africa, where they had a home, and also in Borneo, where headhunters still existed. I Married Adventure, by Osa, follows their globe-trotting life, beginning at age 20 when Martin joined Jack London aboard the Snark. Together, Osa and Martin circled the globe six times and made the first sound pictures of Belgian Congo gorillas and pygmies of the Ituri forest. This book, with its emblematic zebra-patterned cover, captures adventure on the frontier in memorable fashion. It was published in 1940 and is signed by Osa.
Recent Booknotes
British colonials at play in 1930s India
Self-mortification in 18th century India
An historic album of signatures
On Mission in China 1890-1914
The Viceroy and the Nizam…1892
Topics Select CategoryAdventure (6)All (14)Fiction (2)History (12)Non-fiction (14)Pacific Northwest (2)Signed (2)Travel (3)
Inspired by Old Books, Maps, and Manuscripts | © 2018 timbuktubooks.net


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Home » Uncategorized » China's Navy gets a new frigate and a coast guard guided missile frigate
China's Navy gets a new frigate and a coast guard guided missile frigate
China has commissioned a new frigate Qujing (hull number 508) at a naval port in Sanya, a port city in China's island province Hainan. The Type 056A frigate Qujing has a displacement of over 1,300 tons.
Next to four YJ-83 anti-ship missiles (two launchers with two missiles each) and a 76-millimeter main gun, the ASW variant is also equipped with two 324 millimeter triple torpedo launchers, as well as variable depth and towed sonars. The ship's flight deck also allows operation of a Harbin Z-9 military helicopter, specifically equipped for ASW missions.
Last week, the PLAN launched the 25th 4,000-ton Type 054A Jiangkai II-class guided-missile frigate at the Hudong-Zhonghua shipyard in Shanghai.
Inducting a guided-missile frigate into its ranks will boost the CCG (chinese coast guard) power projection capabilities due to the ship's range and speed (the ship has a standard range of about 3,800 nautical miles—7,037 kilometers–at a speed of 18 knots; the ship's maximum un-refueled radius is 12,000 kilometers or 8,000 miles), as well as its size—at 4,000 tons it is substantially larger than most other CCG cutters currently in service, with some exceptions.
SOURCES- China Military News, The Diplomat
Categories Uncategorized Tags big data, cloud computing, future, future weapons, navy, satellites, sensors, ships, technology, united states, world Post navigation
Multi-directional cableless elevators could deliver people to the subway directly from their offices
US Air Force plan for Air Superiority in 2030 and beyond


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Archaic period (c. 8th to c. 6th centuries BC)
Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Assyrians
Iron Age Italy
Roman Kingdom
Classical Greece (5th to 4th centuries BC)
Hellenistic period (323–146 BC)
Roman Republic (5th to 1st centuries BC)
Roman Empire (1st century BC to 5th century AD)
Late antiquity (4th to 6th centuries AD)
Political revivalism
Cultural legacy
Age of the ancient Greeks and Romans
The Parthenon is one of the most recognizable symbols of the classical era, exemplifying ancient Greek culture.
Greco-Roman world
20th-century neoclassicism
Between World War I and II
Human Era
↑ Prehistory (Pleistocene epoch)
Neolithic – Contemporary
(10,000 BCE – Present)
Age of the human race
Recorded history
Earliest records
Protohistory
Proto-writing
Axial antiquity
Postclassical
↓ Future
Classical antiquity (also the classical era, classical period or classical age) is the period of cultural history between the 8th century BC and the 6th century AD centred on the Mediterranean Sea,[note 1] comprising the interlocking civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known as the Greco-Roman world. It is the period in which both Greek and Roman societies flourished and wielded huge influence throughout much of Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia.
Conventionally, it is taken to begin with the earliest-recorded Epic Greek poetry of Homer (8th–7th-century BC), and continues through the emergence of Christianity (1st-century AD) and the fall of the Western Roman Empire (5th-century AD). It ends with the decline of classical culture during Late antiquity (250–750), a period overlapping with the Early Middle Ages (600–1000). Such a wide span of history and territory covers many disparate cultures and periods. Classical antiquity may also refer to an idealized vision among later people of what was, in Edgar Allan Poe's words, "the glory that was Greece, and the grandeur that was Rome".[1]
The culture of the ancient Greeks, together with some influences from the ancient Near East, was the basis of European art,[2] philosophy, society, and education, until the Roman imperial period. The Romans preserved, imitated, and spread this culture over Europe, until they themselves were able to compete with it, and the classical world began to speak Latin as well as Greek.[3][4] This Greco-Roman cultural foundation has been immensely influential on the language, politics, law, educational systems, philosophy, science, warfare, poetry, historiography, ethics, rhetoric, art and architecture of the modern world. Surviving fragments of classical culture led to a revival beginning in the 14th century which later came to be known as the Renaissance, and various neo-classical revivals occurred in the 18th and 19th centuries.
The earliest period of classical antiquity takes place against the background of gradual re-appearance of historical sources following the Bronze Age collapse. The 8th and 7th centuries BC are still largely proto-historical, with the earliest Greek alphabetic inscriptions appearing in the first half of the 8th century. Homer is usually assumed to have lived in the 8th or 7th century BC, and his lifetime is often taken as marking the beginning of classical antiquity. In the same period falls the traditional date for the establishment of the Ancient Olympic Games, in 776 BC.
Map of Phoenician (in yellow) and Greek colonies (in red) around 8th to 6th century BC
The Phoenicians originally expanded from Canaan ports, by the 8th century dominating trade in the Mediterranean. Carthage was founded in 814 BC, and the Carthaginians by 700 BC had firmly established strongholds in Sicily, Italy and Sardinia, which created conflicts of interest with Etruria. A stela found in Kition, Cyprus commemorates the victory of King Sargon II in 709 BC over the seven kings of the island, marking an important step in the transfer of Cyprus from Tyrian rule to the Neo-Assyrian Empire.[5][6][7][8]
The Archaic period followed the Greek Dark Ages, and saw significant advancements in political theory, and the rise of democracy, philosophy, theatre, poetry, as well as the revitalization of the written language (which had been lost during the Dark Ages).
In pottery, the Archaic period sees the development of the Orientalizing style, which signals a shift from the Geometric style of the later Dark Ages and the accumulation of influences derived from Egypt, Phoenicia and Syria.
Pottery styles associated with the later part of the Archaic age are the black-figure pottery, which originated in Corinth during the 7th-century BC and its successor, the red-figure style, developed by the Andokides Painter in about 530 BC.
Greek colonies
Etruscan civilization in north of Italy, 800 BC.
The Etruscans had established political control in the region by the late 7th-century BC, forming the aristocratic and monarchial elite. The Etruscans apparently lost power in the area by the late 6th-century BC, and at this point, the Italic tribes reinvented their government by creating a republic, with much greater restraints on the ability of rulers to exercise power.[9]
According to legend, Rome was founded on 21 April 753 BC by twin descendants of the Trojan prince Aeneas, Romulus and Remus.[10] As the city was bereft of women, legend says that the Latins invited the Sabines to a festival and stole their unmarried maidens, leading to the integration of the Latins and the Sabines.[11]
Archaeological evidence indeed shows first traces of settlement at the Roman Forum in the mid-8th BC, though settlements on the Palatine Hill may date back to the 10th century BC.[12][13]
The seventh and final king of Rome was Tarquinius Superbus. As the son of Tarquinius Priscus and the son-in-law of Servius Tullius, Superbus was of Etruscan birth. It was during his reign that the Etruscans reached their apex of power. Superbus removed and destroyed all the Sabine shrines and altars from the Tarpeian Rock, enraging the people of Rome. The people came to object to his rule when he failed to recognize the rape of Lucretia, a patrician Roman, at the hands of his own son. Lucretia's kinsman, Lucius Junius Brutus (ancestor to Marcus Brutus), summoned the Senate and had Superbus and the monarchy expelled from Rome in 510 BC. After Superbus' expulsion, the Senate in 509 BC voted to never again allow the rule of a king and reformed Rome into a republican government.
Delian League ("Athenian Empire"), right before the Peloponnesian War in 431 BC
The classical period of Ancient Greece corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC, in particular, from the fall of the Athenian tyranny in 510 BC to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC. In 510, Spartan troops helped the Athenians overthrow the tyrant Hippias, son of Peisistratos. Cleomenes I, king of Sparta, put in place a pro-Spartan oligarchy conducted by Isagoras.
The Greco-Persian Wars (499–449 BC), concluded by the Peace of Callias gave way not only to the liberation of Greece, Macedon, Thrace, and Ionia from Persian rule, but also resulted in giving the dominant position of Athens in the Delian League, which led to conflict with Sparta and the Peloponnesian League, resulting in the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), ending in a Spartan victory.
Greece entered the 4th century under Spartan hegemony, but by 395 BC the Spartan rulers removed Lysander from office, and Sparta lost her naval supremacy. Athens, Argos, Thebes and Corinth, the latter two of which were formerly Spartan allies, challenged Spartan dominance in the Corinthian War, which ended inconclusively in 387 BC. Later, in 371 BC, the Theban generals Epaminondas and Pelopidas won a victory at the Battle of Leuctra. The result of this battle was the end of Spartan supremacy and the establishment of Theban hegemony. Thebes sought to maintain its position until it was finally eclipsed by the rising power of Macedon in 346 BC.
Under Philip II, (359–336 BC), Macedon expanded into the territory of the Paeonians, the Thracians and the Illyrians. Philip's son, Alexander the Great, (356–323 BC) managed to briefly extend Macedonian power not only over the central Greek city-states but also to the Persian Empire, including Egypt and lands as far east as the fringes of India. The classical period conventionally ends at the death of Alexander in 323 BC and the fragmentation of his empire, which was at this time divided among the Diadochi.
Classical Greece entered the Hellenistic period with the rise of Macedon and the conquests of Alexander the Great. Greek became the lingua franca far beyond Greece itself, and Hellenistic culture interacted with the cultures of Persia, Kingdom of Israel and Kingdom of Judah, Central Asia and Egypt. Significant advances were made in the sciences (geography, astronomy, mathematics, etc.), notably with the followers of Aristotle (Aristotelianism).
The Hellenistic period ended with the rise of the Roman Republic to a super-regional power in the 2nd century BC and the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BC.
The extent of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in 218 BC (dark red), 133 BC (light red), 44 BC (orange), 14 AD (yellow), after 14 AD (green), and maximum extension under Trajan 117 (light green)
The Republican period of Ancient Rome began with the overthrow of the Monarchy c. 509 BC and lasted over 450 years until its subversion through a series of civil wars, into the Principate form of government and the Imperial period. During the half millennium of the Republic, Rome rose from a regional power of the Latium to the dominant force in Italy and beyond. The unification of Italy under Roman hegemony was a gradual process, brought about in a series of conflicts of the 4th and 3rd centuries, the Samnite Wars, Latin War, and Pyrrhic War. Roman victory in the Punic Wars and Macedonian Wars established Rome as a super-regional power by the 2nd century BC, followed up by the acquisition of Greece and Asia Minor. This tremendous increase of power was accompanied by economic instability and social unrest, leading to the Catiline conspiracy, the Social War and the First Triumvirate, and finally the transformation to the Roman Empire in the latter half of the 1st century BC.
The extent of the Roman Empire under Trajan, AD 117
The precise end of the Republic is disputed by modern historians;[note 2] Roman citizens of the time did not recognize that the Republic had ceased to exist. The early Julio-Claudian Emperors maintained that the res publica still existed, albeit under the protection of their extraordinary powers, and would eventually return to its full Republican form. The Roman state continued to call itself a res publica as long as it continued to use Latin as its official language.
Rome acquired imperial character de facto from the 130s BC with the acquisition of Cisalpine Gaul, Illyria, Greece and Hispania, and definitely with the addition of Iudaea, Asia Minor and Gaul in the 1st century BC. At the time of the empire's maximal extension under Trajan (AD 117), Rome controlled the entire Mediterranean as well as Gaul, parts of Germania and Britannia, the Balkans, Dacia, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, and Mesopotamia.
Culturally, the Roman Empire was significantly Hellenized, but also saw the rise of syncretic "eastern" traditions, such as Mithraism, Gnosticism, and most notably Christianity. The empire began to decline in the crisis of the third century.
While sometimes compared with classical Greece,[by whom?] classical Rome had vast differences within their family life. Fathers had great power over their children, and husbands over their wives. In fact, the word family, familia in Latin, actually referred to those who were under the authority of a male head of household. This included non-related members such as slaves and servants. In marriage, both men and women were loyal to one another and shared property. Divorce was first allowed starting in the first century BC and could be done by either man or woman.[14]
The Western and Eastern Roman Empires by 476
Late antiquity saw the rise of Christianity under Constantine I, finally ousting the Roman imperial cult with the Theodosian decrees of 393. Successive invasions of Germanic tribes finalized the decline of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, while the Eastern Roman Empire persisted throughout the Middle Ages, in a state called the Roman Empire by its citizens, and labeled the Byzantine Empire by later historians. Hellenistic philosophy was succeeded by continued developments in Platonism and Epicureanism, with Neoplatonism in due course influencing the theology of the Church Fathers.
Many writers have attempted to put a specific date on the symbolic "end" of antiquity with the most prominent dates being the deposing of the last Western Roman Emperor in 476,[15][16] the closing of the last Platonic Academy in Athens by the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I in 529,[17] and the conquest of much of the Mediterranean by the new Muslim faith from 634 to 718.[18] These Muslim conquests, of Syria (637), Egypt (639), Cyprus (654), North Africa (665), Hispania (718), Southern Gaul (720), Crete (820), and Sicily (827), Malta (870) (and the sieges of the Eastern Roman capital, First Arab Siege of Constantinople (674–78) and Second Arab Siege of Constantinople (717–18)) severed the economic, cultural, and political links that had traditionally united the classical cultures around the Mediterranean, ending antiquity (see Pirenne Thesis).[18]
The Byzantine Empire in 650 after the Arabs conquered the provinces of Syria and Egypt. At the same time early Slavs settled in the Balkans.
The original Roman Senate continued to express decrees into the late 6th century, and the last Eastern Roman emperor to use Latin as the language of his court in Constantinople was emperor Maurice, who reigned until 602. The overthrow of Maurice by his mutinying Danube army under Phocas resulted in the Slavic invasion of the Balkans and the decline of Balkan and Greek urban culture (leading to the flight of Balkan Latin speakers to the mountains, see Origin of the Romanians), and also provoked the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 in which all the great eastern cities except Constantinople were lost. The resulting turmoil did not end until the Muslim conquests of the 7th century finalized the irreversible loss of all the largest Eastern Roman imperial cities besides the capital itself. The emperor Heraclius in Constantinople, who emerged during this period, conducted his court in Greek, not Latin, though Greek had always been an administrative language of the eastern Roman regions. Eastern-Western links weakened with the ending of the Byzantine Papacy.
The Eastern Roman empire's capital city of Constantinople was left as the only unconquered large urban center of the original Roman empire, as well as being the largest city in Europe. Yet many classical books, sculptures, and technologies survived there along with classical Roman cuisine and scholarly traditions, well into the Middle Ages, when much of it was "rediscovered" by visiting Western crusaders. Indeed, the inhabitants of Constantinople continued to refer to themselves as Romans, as did their eventual conquerors in 1453, the Ottomans. (see Rûm and Romaioi.) The classical scholarship and culture that was still preserved in Constantinople were brought by refugees fleeing its conquest in 1453 and helped to spark the Renaissance (see Greek scholars in the Renaissance).
Ultimately, it was a slow, complex, and graduated change in the socio-economic structure in European history that led to the changeover between Classical antiquity and Medieval society and no specific date can truly exemplify that.
In politics, the late Roman conception of the Empire as a universal state, headed by one supreme divinely-appointed ruler, united with Christianity as a universal religion likewise headed by a supreme patriarch, proved very influential, even after the disappearance of imperial authority in the west. This tendency reached its peak when Charlemagne was crowned "Roman Emperor" in the year 800, an act which led to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire. The notion that an emperor is a monarch who outranks a mere king dates from this period. In this political ideal, there would always be a Roman Empire, a state whose jurisdiction extended through the entire civilized western world.
That model continued to exist in Constantinople for the entirety of the Middle Ages; the Byzantine Emperor was considered the sovereign of the entire Christian world. The Patriarch of Constantinople was the Empire's highest-ranked cleric, but even he was subordinate to the Emperor, who was "God's Vicegerent on Earth". The Greek-speaking Byzantines and their descendants continued to call themselves "Romans" until the creation of a new Greek state in 1832.
After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Russian Czars (a title derived from Caesar) claimed the Byzantine mantle as the champion of Orthodoxy; Moscow was described as the "Third Rome" and the Czars ruled as divinely-appointed Emperors into the 20th century.
Despite the fact that the Western Roman secular authority disappeared entirely in Europe, it still left traces. The Papacy and the Catholic Church in particular maintained Latin language, culture, and literacy for centuries; to this day the popes are called Pontifex Maximus which in the classical period was a title belonging to the Emperor, and the ideal of Christendom carried on the legacy of a united European civilization even after its political unity had disappeared.
The political idea of an Emperor in the West to match the Emperor in the East continued after the Western Roman Empire's collapse; it was revived by the coronation of Charlemagne in 800; the self-described Holy Roman Empire ruled over central Europe until 1806.
The Renaissance idea that the classical Roman virtues had been lost under medievalism was especially powerful in European politics of the 18th and 19th centuries. Reverence for Roman republicanism was strong among the Founding Fathers of the United States and the Latin American revolutionaries; the Americans described their new government as a republic (from res publica) and gave it a Senate and a President (another Latin term), rather than make use of available English terms like commonwealth or parliament.
Similarly in Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, republicanism and Roman martial virtues were upheld by the state, as can be seen in the architecture of the Panthéon, the Arc de Triomphe, and the paintings of Jacques-Louis David. During the revolution, France itself followed the transition from kingdom to republic to dictatorship to Empire (complete with Imperial Eagles) that Rome had undergone centuries earlier.
Plato and Aristotle walking and disputing. Detail from Raphael's The School of Athens (1509–1511)
Classical antiquity is a broad term for a long period of cultural history. Such a wide sampling of history and territory covers many rather disparate cultures and periods. "Classical antiquity" often refers to an idealized vision of later people, of what was, in Edgar Allan Poe's words,
the glory that was Greece, the grandeur that was Rome!
In the 18th and 19th centuries AD, reverence for classical antiquity was much greater in Europe and the United States than it is today. Respect for the ancient people of Greece and Rome affected politics, philosophy, sculpture, literature, theatre, education, architecture, and sexuality.
Epic poetry in Latin continued to be written and circulated well into the 19th century. John Milton and even Arthur Rimbaud received their first poetic educations in Latin. Genres like epic poetry, pastoral verse, and the endless use of characters and themes from Greek mythology left a deep mark on Western literature. In architecture, there have been several Greek Revivals, which seem more inspired in retrospect by Roman architecture than Greek. Washington, DC is filled with large marble buildings with facades made out to look like Greek temples, with columns constructed in the classical orders of architecture.
In philosophy, the efforts of St Thomas Aquinas were derived largely from the thought of Aristotle, despite the intervening change in religion from Hellenic Polytheism to Christianity.[citation needed] Greek and Roman authorities such as Hippocrates and Galen formed the foundation of the practice of medicine even longer than Greek thought prevailed in philosophy. In the French theater, tragedians such as Molière and Racine wrote plays on mythological or classical historical subjects and subjected them to the strict rules of the classical unities derived from Aristotle's Poetics. The desire to dance like a latter-day vision of how the ancient Greeks did it moved Isadora Duncan to create her brand of ballet.
Timeline of classical antiquity
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^ For more detail on the end dates used by historians, see Middle Ages § Terminology and periodisation.
^ The precise event which signaled the transition of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire is a matter of interpretation. Historians have proposed the appointment of Julius Caesar as perpetual dictator (44 BC), the Battle of Actium (September 2, 31 BC), and the Roman Senate's grant of Octavian's extraordinary powers under the first settlement (January 16, 27 BC), as candidates for the defining pivotal event.
^ Poe EA (1831). "To Helen".
^ Helga von Heintze [de]: Römische Kunst (Roman art). In: Walter-Herwig Schuchhardt (1960): Bildende Kunst I (Archäologie) (Visual arts I – archaeology). Das Fischer Lexikon [de]. S. Fischer Verlag. p. 192. "Bestimmend blieb (...) der italisch-römische Geist, der sich der entlehnten Formen nur bediente. (...) Ohne [die] Begegnung [mit der griechischen Formenwelt, author's note] hätte der italisch-römische Geist sich wohl kaum in künstlerischen Schöpfungen ausdrücken können und wäre nicht über die Ansätze, die wir in den Kanopen von Chiusi (...), der kapitolinischen Wölfin (...), dem Krieger von Capestrano (...) erhalten haben, hinausgekommen. Auch die gleichermaßen realistische wie unkünstlerische Auffassung der Porträts im 2. und 1. J[ahr]h[undert] v[or] Chr[istus] konnte sich nur unter dem Einfluß griechischer Formen ändern." ("Determinant remained the Italic-Roman spirit, that just availed itself of the borrowed forms. (...) Without having come across [the world of the Greek forms], the Italic–Roman spirit would hardly have been able to express itself in works of art and would not have got beyond the starts that are preserved in the canopic jars of Chiusi, the Capitoline Wolf, the Warrior of Capestrano. Also the likewise realistic and inartistic conception and production of the portraits in the second and the first centuries BC could only change under the influence of Greek forms.")
^ Der Große Brockhaus. 1. vol.: A-Beo. Eberhard Brockhaus, Wiesbaden 1953, p. 315. "Ihre dankbarsten und verständnisvollsten Schüler aber fand die hellenistische Kultur in den Römern; sie wurden Mäzene, Nachahmer und schließlich Konkurrenten, indem sie die eigene Sprache wetteifernd neben die griechische setzten: so wurde die antike Kultur zweisprachig, griechisch und lateinisch. Das System dieser griechisch-hellenistisch-römischen Kultur, das sich in der römischen Kaiserzeit abschließend gestaltete, enthielt, neben Elementen des Orients, die griechische Wissenschaft und Philosophie, Dichtung, Geschichtsschreibung, Rhetorik und bildende Kunst." ("The Hellenistic culture but found its most thankful and its most understanding disciples in the Romans; they became patrons, imitators, and finally rivals, when they competitively set the own language beside the Greek: thus, the antique culture became bilingual, Greek and Latin. The system of this Greco-Latin culture, that assumed its definitive shape in the Roman imperial period, contained, amongst elements of the Orient, the Greek science and philosophy, poetry, historiography, rhetoric and visual arts.")
^ Veit Valentin: Weltgeschichte – Völker, Männer, Ideen (History of the world – peoples, men, ideas). Allert de Lange [de], Amsterdam 1939, p. 113. "Es ist ein merkwürdiges Schauspiel – dieser Kampf eines bewussten Römertums gegen die geriebene Gewandtheit des Hellenismus: der römische Geschmack wehrt sich und verbohrt sich trotzig in sich selbst, aber es fällt ihm nicht genug ein, er kann nicht über seine Grenzen weg; was die Griechen bieten, hat soviel Reiz und Bequemlichkeit. In der bildenden Kunst und in der Philosophie gab das Römertum zuerst den Kampf um seine Selbständigkeit auf – Bilden um des Bildes willen, Forschen und Grübeln, theoretische Wahrheitssuche und Spekulation lagen ihm durchaus nicht." ("It is a strange spectacle: this fight of a conscious Roman striving against the wily ingenuity of Hellenism. The Roman taste offers resistance, defiantly goes mad about itself, but there does not come enough into its mind, it is not able to overcome its limits; there is so much charm and so much comfort in what the Greeks afford. In visual arts and philosophy, Romanism first abandoned the struggle for its independence – forming for the sake of the form, poring and investigation, theoretical speculation and hunt for truth were by no means in its line.")
^ "The Esarhaddon Prism / Library of Ashurbanipal". British Museum.
^ Yon, M., Malbran-Labat, F. 1995: "La stèle de Sargon II à Chypre", in A. Caubet (ed.), Khorsabad, le Palais de Sargon II, Roi d'Assyrie, Paris, 159–179.
^ Radner, K. 2010: "The Stele of Sargon II of Assyria at Kition: A focus for an emerging Cypriot identity?", in R. Rollinger, B. Gufler, M. Lang, I. Madreiter (eds), Interkulturalität in der Alten Welt: Vorderasien, Hellas, Ägypten und die vielfältigen Ebenen des Kontakts, Wiesbaden, 429–449.
^ "The Cypriot rulers as client kings of the Assyrian empire". The many kingdoms of Cyprus. 5 Nov 2012. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
^ Ancient Rome and the Roman Empire by Michael Kerrigan. Dorling Kindersley, London: 2001. ISBN 0-7894-8153-7. p. 12.
^ Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0195123326.
^ Myths and Legends – Rome, the Wolf, and Mars Archived 2007-05-29 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 2007-3-8.
^ Matyszak, Philip (2003). Chronicle of the Roman Republic: The Rulers of Ancient Rome from Romulus to Augustus. Thames & Hudson. p. 19. ISBN 978-0500051214.
^ Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (Third ed.). Wadsworth. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
^ Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E. (2010-07-06). Gender in History Global Perspectives (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-8995-8.
^ Clare, I. S. (1906). Library of universal history: containing a record of the human race from the earliest historical period to the present time; embracing a general survey of the progress of mankind in national and social life, civil government, religion, literature, science and art. New York: Union Book. p. 1519 (cf., Ancient history, as we have already seen, ended with the fall of the Western Roman Empire; [...])
^ United Center for Research and Training in History. (1973). Bulgarian historical review. Sofia: Pub. House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]. p. 43. (cf. ... in the history of Europe, which marks both the end of ancient history and the beginning of the Middle Ages, is the fall of the Western Roman Empire.)
^ Hadas, Moses (1950). A History of Greek Literature. Columbia University Press. p. 273 of 331. ISBN 0-231-01767-7.
^ a b Henri Pirenne (1937). Mohammed and Charlemagne Archived 2015-04-08 at the Wayback Machine English translation by Bernard Miall, 1939. From Internet Archive. The thesis was originally laid out in an article published in Revue Belge de Philologie et d'Histoire 1 (1922), pp. 77–86.
Grinin L. E. Early State in the Classical World: Statehood and Ancient Democracy. In Grinin L. E. et al. (eds.) Hierarchy and Power in the History of civilizations: Ancient and Medieval Cultures 9pp.31–84). Moscow: URSS, 2008.Early State in the Classical World
Boatwright, Mary T., Daniel J. Gargola, and Richard J. A. Talbert. 2004. The Romans: From village to empire. New York and Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press
Bugh, Glenn. R., ed. 2006. The Cambridge Companion to the Hellenistic world. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Burkert, Walter. 1992. The Orientalizing revolution: The Near Eastern influence on Greek culture in the early Archaic age. Translated by Margaret E. Pinder and Walter Burkert. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
Erskine, Andrew, ed. 2003. A companion to the Hellenistic world. Malden, MA, and Oxford: Blackwell.
Flower, Harriet I. 2004. The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Green, Peter. 1990. Alexander to Actium: The historical evolution of the Hellenistic age. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.
Hornblower, Simon. 1983. The Greek world 479–323 BC. London and New York: Methuen.
Kallendorf, Craig W., ed. 2007. A Companion to the Classical Tradition. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Kinzl, Konrad, ed. 2006. A Companion to the Classical Greek world. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Murray, Oswyn. 1993. Early Greece. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
Potter, David S. 2006. A companion to the Roman Empire. Malden, MA: Blackwell
Rhodes, Peter J. 2006. A history of the Classical Greek world: 478–323 BC. Blackwell History of the Ancient World. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Rosenstein, Nathan S., and Robert Morstein-Marx, eds. 2006. A companion to the Roman Republic. Oxford: Blackwell.
Shapiro, H. Alan, ed. 2007. The Cambridge Companion to Archaic Greece. Cambridge Companions to the Ancient World. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Shipley, Graham. 2000. The Greek world after Alexander 323–30 BC. London: Routledge.
Walbank, Frank W. 1993. The Hellenistic world. Revised ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
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text:
Diabetes and congenital heart defects: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and modeling project.
ABSTRACT: Maternal pregestational diabetes (PGDM) is a risk factor for development of congenital heart defects (CHDs). Glycemic control before pregnancy reduces the risk of CHDs. A meta-analysis was used to estimate summary ORs and mathematical modeling was used to estimate population attributable fractions (PAFs) and the annual number of CHDs in the U.S. potentially preventable by establishing glycemic control before pregnancy.A systematic search of the literature through December 2012 was conducted in 2012 and 2013. Case-control or cohort studies were included. Data were abstracted from 12 studies for a meta-analysis of all CHDs.Summary estimates of the association between PGDM and CHDs and 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs) were developed using Bayesian random-effects meta-analyses for all CHDs and specific CHD subtypes. Posterior estimates of this association were combined with estimates of CHD prevalence to produce estimates of PAFs and annual prevented cases. Ninety-five percent uncertainty intervals (95% UIs) for estimates of the annual number of preventable cases were developed using Monte Carlo simulation. Analyses were conducted in 2013. The summary OR estimate for the association between PGDM and CHDs was 3.8 (95% CrI=3.0, 4.9). Approximately 2670 (95% UI=1795, 3795) cases of CHDs could potentially be prevented annually if all women in the U.S. with PGDM achieved glycemic control before pregnancy.Estimates from this analysis suggest that preconception care of women with PGDM could have a measureable impact by reducing the number of infants born with CHDs.
SUBMITTER: Simeone RM
Maternal parity and the risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: a dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological observational studies.
Project description:BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have reported conflicting results regarding maternal parity and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, a meta-analysis of the association between maternal parity and CHDs in offspring has not been conducted. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for articles catalogued between their inception and March 8, 2014; we identified relevant published studies that assessed the association between maternal parity and CHD risk. Two authors independently assessed the eligibility of the retrieved articles and extracted data from them. Study-specific relative risk estimates were pooled by random-effects or fixed-effects models. From the 11272 references, a total of 16 case-control studies and 3 cohort studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis. RESULTS: The overall relative risk of CHD in parous versus nulliparous women was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.97-1.06; Q?=?32.34; P?=?0.006; I2?=?53.6%). Furthermore, we observed a significant association between the highest versus lowest parity number, with an overall RR?=?1.20 (95% CI, 1.10-1.31; (Q?=?74.61, P<0.001, I2?=?82.6%). A dose-response analysis also indicated a positive effect of maternal parity on CHD risk, and the overall increase in relative risk per one live birth was 1.06 (95% CI, 1.02-1.09); Q?=?68.09; P<0.001; I2?=?80.9%). We conducted stratified and meta-regression analyses to identify the origin of the heterogeneity among studies. A Galbraith plot was created to graphically assess the sources of heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: In summary, this meta-analysis provided a robust estimate of the positive association between maternal parity and risk of CHD.
microRNA expression profiling and functional annotation analysis of their targets modulated by oxidative stress during embryonic heart development in diabetic mice.
Project description:Maternal pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) induces congenital heart defects (CHDs). The molecular mechanism underlying PGDM-induced CHDs is unknown. microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, repress gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and play important roles in heart development. We performed a global miRNA profiling study to assist in revealing potential miRNAs modulated by PGDM and possible developmental pathways regulated by miRNAs during heart development. A total of 149 mapped miRNAs in the developing heart were significantly altered by PGDM. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the majority of the 2111 potential miRNA target genes were associated with cardiac development-related pathways including STAT3 and IGF-1 and transcription factors (Cited2, Zeb2, Mef2c, Smad4 and Ets1). Overexpression of the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase 1, reversed PGDM-altered miRNAs, suggesting that oxidative stress is responsible for dysregulation of miRNAs. Thus, our study provides the foundation for further investigation of a miRNA-dependent mechanism underlying PGDM-induced CHDs.
The effect of maternal pre-/early-pregnancy BMI and pregnancy smoking and alcohol on congenital heart diseases: a parental negative control study.
Project description:Background:Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common congenital anomaly. The causes of CHDs are largely unknown. Higher prenatal body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with increased risk of CHDs. Whether these are causal is unclear. Methods and Results:Seven European birth cohorts including 232,390 offspring (2,469 CHD cases [1.1%]) were included. We applied negative exposure paternal control analyses to explore the intrauterine effects of maternal BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, on offspring CHDs and CHD severity. We used logistic regression and combined estimates using a fixed-effects meta-analysis. Analyses of BMI categories resulted in similar increased odds of CHD in overweight (mothers OR: 1.15 (1.01, 1.31) and fathers 1.10 (0.96, 1.27)) and obesity (mothers OR: 1.12 (0.93, 1.36) and fathers 1.16 (0.90, 1.50)). The association of mean BMI with CHD was null. Maternal smoking was associated with increased odds of CHD (OR: 1.11 (0.97, 1.25)) but paternal smoking was not (OR: 0.96 (0.85, 1.07)). The difference increased when removing offspring with genetic/chromosomal defects (mothers OR: 1.15 (1.01, 1.32) and fathers 0.93 (0.83, 1.05)). The positive association with maternal pregnancy smoking appeared to be driven by non-severe CHD cases (OR: 1.22 (1.04, 1.44)). Associations with maternal (OR: 1.16 (0.52, 2.58)) and paternal (OR: 1.23 (0.74, 2.06)) moderate/heavy pregnancy alcohol consumption were similar. Conclusions:We found evidence of an intrauterine effect for maternal smoking on offspring CHDs, but no evidence for higher maternal BMI or alcohol consumption. Our findings provide further support for why smoking cessation is important during pregnancy.
Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and stroke mortality: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Project description:BACKGROUND: The relationship between dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and stroke-related mortality is inconsistent. METHODS: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded databases using glycemic index, glycemic load, and cardiovascular disease and reference lists of retrieved articles up to April 30, 2012. We included prospective studies with glycemic index and glycemic load as the exposure and incidence of fatal and nonfatal CHD, stroke, and stroke-related mortality as the outcome variable. Pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random-effects models. RESULTS: Fifteen prospective studies with a total of 438,073 participants and 9,424 CHD cases, 2,123 stroke cases, and 342 deaths from stroke were included in the meta-analysis. Gender significantly modified the effects of glycemic index and glycemic load on CHD risk, and high glycemic load level was associated with higher risk of CHD in women (RR=1.49, 95%CI 1.27-1.73), but not in men (RR=1.08, 95%CI 0.91-1.27). Stratified meta-analysis by body mass index indicated that among overweight and obese subjects, dietary glycemic load level were associated with increased risk of CHD (RR=1.49, 95%CI 1.27-1.76; P for interaction=0.003). Higher dietary glycemic load, but not glycemic index, was positively associated with stroke (RR=1.19, 95% CI 1.00-1.43). There is a linear dose-response relationship between dietary glycemic load and increased risk of CHD, with pooled RR of 1.05 (95%CI 1.02-1.08) per 50-unit increment in glycemic load level. CONCLUSION: High dietary glycemic load is associated with a higher risk of CHD and stroke, and there is a linear dose-response relationship between glycemic load and CHD risk. Dietary glycemic index is slightly associated with risk of CHD, but not with stroke and stroke-related death. Further studies are needed to verify the effects of gender and body weight on cardiovascular diseases.
Congenital Heart Defects in the United States: Estimating the Magnitude of the Affected Population in 2010.
Project description:Because of advancements in care, there has been a decline in mortality from congenital heart defects (CHDs) over the past several decades. However, there are no current empirical data documenting the number of people living with CHDs in the United States. Our aim was to estimate the CHD prevalence across all age groups in the United States in the year 2010.The age-, sex-, and severity-specific observed prevalence of CHDs in Québec, Canada, in the year 2010 was assumed to equal the CHD prevalence in the non-Hispanic white population in the United States in 2010. A race-ethnicity adjustment factor, reflecting differential survival between racial-ethnic groups through 5 years of age for individuals with a CHD and that in the general US population, was applied to the estimated non-Hispanic white rates to derive CHD prevalence estimates among US non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics. Confidence intervals for the estimated CHD prevalence rates and case counts were derived from a combination of Taylor series approximations and Monte Carlo simulation.We estimated that ?2.4 million people (1.4 million adults, 1 million children) were living with CHDs in the United States in 2010. Nearly 300?000 of these individuals had severe CHDs.Our estimates highlight the need for 2 important efforts: planning for health services delivery to meet the needs of the growing population of adults with CHD and the development of surveillance data across the life span to provide empirical estimates of the prevalence of CHD across all age groups in the United States.
Original Findings and Updated Meta-Analysis for the Association Between Maternal Diabetes and Risk for Congenital Heart Disease Phenotypes.
Project description:Maternal diabetes is associated with congenital heart defects (CHDs) as a group, but few studies have assessed risk for specific CHD phenotypes. We analyzed these relationships using data from the Texas Birth Defects Registry and statewide vital records for deliveries taking place in 1999-2009 (n = 48,249 cases). We used Poisson regression to calculate prevalence ratios for the associations between maternal diabetes (pregestational or gestational) and each CHD phenotype, adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were repeated by type of diabetes. To address the potential for misclassification bias, we performed logistic regression, using malformed controls. We also conducted meta-analyses, combining our estimates of the association between pregestational diabetes and each CHD phenotype with previous estimates. The prevalence of every CHD phenotype was greater among women with pregestational diabetes than among nondiabetic women. Most of these differences were statistically significant (adjusted prevalence ratios = 2.47-13.20). Associations were slightly attenuated for many CHD phenotypes among women with gestational diabetes. The observed associations did not appear to be the result of misclassification bias. In our meta-analysis, pregestational diabetes was significantly associated with each CHD phenotype. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the teratogenic effects of maternal diabetes and improved counseling for risk of specific CHD phenotypes.
Pediatric inpatient hospital resource use for congenital heart defects.
Project description:Congenital heart defects (CHDs) occur in approximately 8 per 1000 live births. Improvements in detection and treatment have increased survival. Few national estimates of the healthcare costs for infants, children and adolescents with CHDs are available.We estimated hospital costs for hospitalizations using pediatric (0-20 years) hospital discharge data from the 2009 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) for hospitalizations with CHD diagnoses. Estimates were up-weighted to be nationally representative. Mean costs were compared by demographic factors and presence of critical CHDs (CCHDs).Up-weighting of the KID generated an estimated 4,461,615 pediatric hospitalizations nationwide, excluding normal newborn births. The 163,980 (3.7%) pediatric hospitalizations with CHDs accounted for approximately $5.6 billion in hospital costs, representing 15.1% of costs for all pediatric hospitalizations in 2009. Approximately 17% of CHD hospitalizations had a CCHD, but it varied by age: approximately 14% of hospitalizations of infants, 30% of hospitalizations of patients aged 1 to 10 years, and 25% of hospitalizations of patients aged 11 to 20 years. Mean costs of CHD hospitalizations were higher in infancy ($36,601) than at older ages and were higher for hospitalizations with a CCHD diagnosis ($52,899). Hospitalizations with CCHDs accounted for 26.7% of all costs for CHD hospitalizations, with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, coarctation of the aorta, and tetralogy of Fallot having the highest total costs.Hospitalizations for children with CHDs have disproportionately high hospital costs compared with other pediatric hospitalizations, and the 17% of hospitalizations with CCHD diagnoses accounted for 27% of CHD hospital costs.
Assessing Pregnancy, Gestational Complications, and Co-morbidities in Women With Congenital Heart Defects (Data from ICD-9-CM Codes in 3 US Surveillance Sites).
Project description:Improved treatment of congenital heart defects (CHDs) has resulted in women with CHDs living to childbearing age. However, no US population-based systems exist to estimate pregnancy frequency or complications among women with CHDs. Cases were identified in multiple data sources from 3 surveillance sites: Emory University (EU) whose catchment area included 5 metropolitan Atlanta counties; Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MA) whose catchment area was statewide; and New York State Department of Health (NY) whose catchment area included 11 counties. Cases were categorized into one of 5 mutually exclusive CHD severity groups collapsed to severe versus not severe; specific ICD-9-CM codes were used to capture pregnancy, gestational complications, and nongestational co-morbidities in women, age 11 to 50 years, with a CHD-related ICD-9-CM code. Pregnancy, CHD severity, demographics, gestational complications, co-morbidities, and insurance status were evaluated. ICD-9-CM codes identified 26,655 women with CHDs, of whom 5,672 (21.3%, range: 12.8% in NY to 22.5% in MA) had codes indicating a pregnancy. Over 3 years, age-adjusted proportion pregnancy rates among women with severe CHDs ranged from 10.0% to 24.6%, and 14.2% to 21.7% for women with nonsevere CHDs. Pregnant women with CHDs of any severity, compared with nonpregnant women with CHDs, reported more noncardiovascular co-morbidities. Insurance type varied by site and pregnancy status. These US population-based, multisite estimates of pregnancy among women with CHD indicate a substantial number of women with CHDs may be experiencing pregnancy and complications. In conclusion, given the growing adult population with CHDs, reproductive health of women with CHD is an important public health issue.
Maternal socioeconomic status and the risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: a meta-analysis of 33 studies.
Project description:BACKGROUND: We conducted this meta-analysis to address the open question of a possible association between maternal socioeconomic status and congenital heart defects (CHDs). METHODS: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from their inception to January 1, 2014 for case-control and cohort studies that assessed the association between maternal socioeconomic status and the risk of CHDs. Study-specific relative risk estimates were polled according to random-effect or fixed-effect models. RESULTS: From 3343 references, a total of 31 case-control studies and 2 cohort studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis, including more than 50,000 cases. We observed that maternal educational attainment, family income and maternal occupation were negatively associated with an 11% (pooled RR?=?1.11, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.21), 5% (pooled RR?=?1.05, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09) and 51% (pooled RR?=?1.51, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.24) increased risk of CHDs, respectively. In a subgroup analysis by geographic region, the results were inconsistent for the European region (RR?=?1.29, 95% CI: 0.99-1.69) and USA/Canada region (RR?=?1.06, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.16) in maternal educational attainment. CONCLUSION: In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that a lower degree of maternal socioeconomic status is modestly associated with an increased risk of CHDs. However, further investigations are needed to confirm the association.
Population-based study of hospital costs for hospitalizations of infants, children, and adults with a congenital heart defect, Arkansas 2006 to 2011.
Project description:Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are common birth defects and are associated with high hospital costs. The objectives of this study were to assess hospitalization costs, across the lifespan, of patients with CHDs in Arkansas.Data from the 2006 to 2011 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Arkansas State Inpatient Databases were used. We included hospitalizations of patients whose admission occurred between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2011, and included a principal or secondary CHD ICD-9-CM diagnosis code (745.0-747.49, except 747.0 and 745.5 for preterm infants). Hospitalizations were excluded if they involved out-of-state residents, normal newborn births, or if missing data included age at admission, state of residence, or hospital charges. Children were defined as those?<?18 years-old at time of admission.Between 2006 and 2011, there were 2,242,484 inpatient hospitalizations in Arkansas. There were 9071 (0.4%) hospitalizations with a CHD, including 5,158 hospitalizations of children (2.2% of hospitalizations among children) and 3,913 hospitalizations of adults (0.2% of hospitalizations of adults). Hospital costs for these CHD hospitalizations totaled $355,543,696. The average annual cost of CHD hospitalizations in Arkansas was $59,257,283 during this time period. Infants accounted for 72% of all CHD-related hospital costs; total costs of CHD hospitalizations for children were almost five times those of hospitalization costs for adults with CHD.Hospitalizations with CHDs account for a disproportionate share of hospital costs in Arkansas. Hospitalizations of children with CHD accounted for a higher proportion of total hospitalizations than did hospitalizations of adults with CHD.


text:
Q: Debugger vscode siempre da ModuleNotFoundError como estan? Soy novato en python y estoy usando VSCode como IDE. Tratando de ejercitarme con Merge Sort, quise instalar una muy simple libreria desde PyPI llamada sorting. La instalo correctamente, la importo, la uso en mi codigo y el debugger siempre me da un error del tipo ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'sorting'. Probe con crear un launch.json y configurarlo pero no tuve suerte. Tambien intente crear entornos virtuales con pipenv, instalar la libreria e importarla y tampoco. Si ejecuto mi script desde el interprete de python el programa funciona sin problemas, pero me interesaria poder usar el debugger. PyLint tampoco reconoce la libreria importada.
Aqui el codigo. Muchas gracias
import sorting
import random

if __name__ == "__main__":
    tamano = int(input('de que tamano queres que sea la lista?'))
    lista = [random.randint(0, 100) for i in range(tamano)]

    resultado = sorting.merge(lista)
    print(resultado)

A: Esto puede suceder por dos casos.

*

*Estás usando un entorno que no es el que tiene sorting instalado, en tal caso tienes que cambiar de entorno al que lo tiene instalado con conda activate <nombre_entorno>. O también seleccionar el interprete en VSCode con ctrl + shift + p y buscando Select Interpreter y seleccionando el que quieras usar

*En la configuración de VSCode no se encuentran los paths al interprete de Python que estás usando, y por tanto utiliza alguno que no tiene instalado dicha librería.
Para Solucionar el problema del punto dos, debes de irte dentro de VSCode a settings y una vez allí, en el JSON cambiar esta linea:
"python.pythonPath":"/el_path/del_interprete_de_python/que_quieras/python3.X"

Y también agregar el mismo path a esta lista:
"python.autoComplete.extraPaths": ["./path_cualquiera/que_sea/python3.6",
                                   "./path_actual/de_la_libreŕia/sorting/python3.7"]

Una vez hecho todo esto, guarda los cambios y reinicia VSCode.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"The exciter wire tells the alternator that the ignition is on and is the "turn-on" lead for the alternator. Power comes to that terminal from the battery, through the ignition switch. Once the alt starts charging, current reverses.
So, until the alt starts charging, battery voltage illuminates the bulb because there is no juice coming from the alternator. Once it starts charging, it generates an opposing voltage so that the net voltage across the light is very low (too low to illuminate it). The bulb is getting pushed about the same amount from both sides for a net near zero."
Im not sure how to help you with the three wire connections - are you sure your current alt has an internal regulator? Maybe you still need to use your old external regulator and pigtail harness then connect the new EZ to that somehow?
Digging in to this more - it really sounds like you need to add the external regulator and the regulator harness. Here is a diagram I found.
I would use the left half from the Ford Diagram hat shows the three wire alt - then the right half from the Color diagram that shows the panel side of your excite wire.
Does this look like what you are up against?
Last edited by Jeff W; May 20th, 2010 at 10:29 PM.


text:
music, review
REVIEW: Neotheater — AJR
Date: April 28, 2019Author: hesterzach
By Zach Hester
The sequel to AJR's 2017 debut, The Click, had quite a bit to live up to. That record really made the band a name that people would recognize. The self-aware sequel, Neotheater, does live up to what its predecessor set up.
Neotheater is AJR's (brothers Adam, Jack and Ryan Met) second album and chronicles a coming-of-age story through lots of vivid, pointed lyrics.
The album as a whole has a really light hearted sound but darker lyrics, a trend that seems to be developing more and more in pop music, and I don't mind it. The opener "Next Up Forever", for example, sounds like something out of a Disney movie at times, but discusses fear of "dropping this album / let's push it back one more week." It's this blatant insecurity that sets the tone for the rest of the record.
Both lead single "100 Bad Days" and "Break My Face" roll over the concept of 'what doesn't kill you makes you more interesting' and the lone ballad on the record "Turning Out Pt. ii" is a sequel to a song from The Click.
"The Entertainment's Here" follows that track with jackpot jazz and a lot of fun, but the main course for me personally are three very different songs: "Birthday Party", "Don't Throw Out My Legos", and "Karma." The first is written from the point of view of an innocent baby who doesn't know the world yet, and the last is a narrative of Jack talking to his therapist on why "good karma isn't coming back to him." "Don't Throw Out My Legos" is simply about holding on to youth, something that most of us in our mid-20s can relate to. It's got a lot of choppy beats, but some really nice, engaging words to sing along with.
As a whole, this record is about dancing and parading through the tragic and dull moments that come with growing up, especially when you feel like your best days could be behind you. Across these 12 songs, a story is told and each song executes that narrative fairly well. AJR will always be there to produce a catchy tune, but Neotheater really saw them step up their game.
Rating: ★★★½
Best Songs: Birthday Party, Don't Throw Out My Legos, 100 Bad Days, Karma
100 Bad Days2019Adam MetajralbumbandBirthday PartyblogBreak My FacebrothersDon't Throw Out My LegosJack MetKarmalovelyricsmusicneotheaterNext Up ForeverreviewRyan Metsimplethe clickThe Entertainment's Herewriting
Published by hesterzach
View all posts by hesterzach
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text:
OnYourMac
Author Archives: Guilherme Silva
Emojis Get Fresh New Faces With The Stereojis Keyboard App
07/03/15 / Guilherme Silva /	Leave a comment / Uncategorized
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SinkFoot LLC announces Stereojis 1.01
Stereojis,an emoji keyboard for iOS devices. Stereojis is an all-inclusive emoji app with hundreds of multi-cultural, hipster and meme emojis. Turn your favorite text, message and photo art apps into unique expressions of your personal vibe. Stereojis has emojis for everyone, and can be inserted almost anywhere you can type text. Nearly 100 new diverse emoji are included. Users can opt to purchase one of four expansion packs containing 63 emojis.
The Funky Fresh pack comes with urban-themed emojis ranging from iconic figures like Kanye to hand gestures like "dropping the mic." The Avant Garde pack includes hipster-themed emojis ranging from bearded, flannel-wearing men to a latte and green drink. The Gung Ho pack delivers Far East-themed emojis ranging from a giddy sushi chef to an angry Bruce Lee. The Cray Cray pack boasts teen-themed emojis ranging from a selfie girl to the overly-attached girlfriend meme.
"It's been a long time coming," says SinkFoot CEO Ryan Carmody. "We've been using the same, tired emojis for nearly 10 years–10 years without a substantial update or addition. The people have spoken and we've heard them: it's time for emojis users can send where they feel represented. Yellow circles don't cut it anymore."
Brittney Backos, President of SinkFoot discusses a goal she had from the beginning of creating the app: "We wanted to build a community of emoji that looked and felt like real people. Our hope is to eventually add enough people to that community where everyone feels they have at least one emoji that is them. We've even named and given a backstory to all of our emojis that we are currently distributing on our Instagram."
* Optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6/6 Plus
* Requires iOS 8.1 or later
Stereojis 1.01 is Free and available worldwide exclusively through the App Store in the Utilities category. Users can opt to purchase one of four expansion packs containing 63 emojis for just $0.99 (USD).
MapMyMeet 1.2 – Map-Based Social and Business Invitations Made Easier
Adris Infotech announces MapMyMeet
MapMyMeet is specifically designed to help users avoid organizational headaches by supplying personal navigation directions to everyone that has been invited, sending updates to the entire group to keep all attendees in the loop as to where everyone is, and letting everyone know how long it will be before everyone will arrive. The app also offers the option of sending invitations to individuals, or of creating a group of contacts to allow sending group invitations to regularly scheduled events such as sporting events, weekly meetings, or clubs.
"When friends are coming over, or clients are visiting, wouldn't it be courteous and professional to send an invite with directions? With MapMyMeet, there are no intrusive messages or calls," says Adris Infotech founder Gaurav Uppal. "We designed MapMyMeet to ease the strain of putting together an event by making it easier to send out invitations, as well as directions to the venue. Our app is the simplest way to search for and select a venue for a meetup, select contacts to invite, create an invitation with a reminder and photo, and then send out mapped invitations to all invitees, all from one app. Setting up a meeting or party has never been easier."
* Live directions for all group members to the mapped venue
* Location sharing for ETA updates and navigation
* Venue suggestions based on interest and distance
* Venue Map shows the location of nearby meeting venues
* Group Chat for better communication
* Create a group of contacts for regularly scheduled events
* Send an SMS invitation to invitees who don't have the MapMyMeet app already installed
MapMyMeet even makes selecting a meeting venue easier, by making suggestions for venues, based on the needs of the group, and the location. The app can suggest a venue by accessing its built-in database of nearby Amusement Parks, Bars, Cafes, Night Clubs, Restaurants and Shopping Malls. Simply select the type of meeting places you would like to view, and MapMyMeet finds nearby venues that meet those particular specifications.
Once a venue is decided upon, it's a simple matter to create an invitation to send out to invitees. Users select whom to invite by simply tapping and selecting the names of friends and business associates drawn directly from the Contacts already on their device. Just create a name for the event, assign a photo to it from the photo library or by taking a photo, select a date, time and location, decide whether or not to offer a reminder, and whether or not to allow group chat, and with the press of a button, immediately send a meeting invite to everyone. Invitees don't even need to have MapMyMeet installed on their device, they can receive an invitation via SMS, which includes a handy link to install the iOS and Android versions of the MapMyMeet app, so they can gain the benefits of the app's capabilities.
"Whether it's a child's birthday party, or friends coming over for party night, or a business meeting, setting up a meet with anyone requires the location, directions and coordination. What if a tool could handle all 3 things in the simplest way possible?" continued Uppal. "Current location or search nearby venues, automatic live directions with an invite, and live location sharing, plus chatting abilities equals meetings simplified with MapMyMeet."
MapMyMeet saves meeting organizers from the headaches of organizing and scheduling meetings and parties by making it easier to decide on a venue, to easily send individual invitations and directions to a group of attendees, to monitor the ETA of everyone in the group, and to offer live group chat, just in case anyone has any questions or are running late. Anyone who needs to organize meetings, parties, or any other type of get-togethers will value MapMyMeet as a valuable tool in their organizing toolkit.
MapMyMeet also includes benefits for solo travelers. When a user is traveling in an unfamiliar city, they can simply use the app to create a self-invite, and then enter events for their hotel, restaurants, sightseeing, or shopping. With all of the information now stored in MapMyMeet, travelers can easily access all of their trip's information in one convenient app!
MapMyMeet 1.2 is free, and is available worldwide through the App Store in the Social Networking category. The app is also available for Android devices through the Google Play Store.
Word Fall – The Words Are Falling in iOS
07/02/15 / Guilherme Silva /	Leave a comment / Games	/ WordFall
LLC today announces Word Fall 1.2 for iOS
Word Fall,a new word game to offer hours of educating and challenging gameplay. The objective of the game is simple – you will be given an explanation of a word or a name and a set of letters. Your task is to form the word or name to match the explanation in a timely manner. As the letters begin to reach the end of their fall, their position within the word is revealed one by one thus providing hints to the final word.
The game makes use of WordNet – a large lexical database of English provided by the Princeton University. This means the immediate availability of thousands of words and explanations to the game.
Game Features:
* Thousands of words and names to play with
* Limit word length or play with words of random length
* Automatically solve word (available as an in-app purchase)
* Universal app for all iOS devices
Word Fall is currently at version 1.2, providing several improvements in gameplay and in visual appearance.
* Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch
Word Fall 1.2 is available as a free download from the App Store in the Games category.
easy! A deluxe brainteaser! 0.9.1 – Hectic Logic Quiz Challenges Players
Indie developer, Jan Essig today introduces easy! – a deluxe brainteaser 0.9.1
This fast-paced logic game for iOS devices throws rapid-fire questions at players, requiring them to answer quickly, while also exercising the logic center of their brain. Players are shown logic questions or statements, and they then have three seconds to answer by swiping right for true, and left for false. The game changes the theme of questioning for every five correct answers, so players need to be ready!
Mannheim, Germany – Indie developer, Jan Essig today is proud to announce the release and immediate availability of easy! – a deluxe brainteaser 0.9.1, a fast-paced logic game developed exclusively for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch devices. easy! throws rapid-fire logic questions at players, requiring them to answer within three seconds by swiping their finger right for true, or left for false. The game's fast pace requires players to answer quickly, while also pushing them to exercise the logic center of their brain.
While the concept of the game is easy to learn, it's tough to master. The questions come fast and furious. Are tomatoes blue? Does sand taste sweet? Can a finicky eater be eaten? Math problems and image-based questions add to the difficulty, and the fun. Answer quickly, or the game is over! For every question that is answered correctly, players receive one point. Get five correct answers in a row, and the theme of questioning changes. If an answer comes too slowly or if the answer is the wrong one, then it's Game Over.
"I've always had a soft spot for logic puzzles, as well as fast-moving quiz games," says developer Jan Essig. "With easy! I've been able to merge both types of games into one fast-moving, hectic brainteaser. When I came up with the idea of the player quickly swiping a finger left or right to answer the questions, while also increasing the pressure on them by requiring them to look out for shifts in the type of questions, I knew that players would find that it was an entertaining challenge! I have always relished developing educational apps, while also making them fun to play. easy! is the best of both worlds!"
* 4 questions and statements
* 30 false answers and 30 correct answers respectively
* 3 seconds to think
* Swipe right for true, swipe left for false
* Merciless rating system
* Intuitive controls
* A Purple Monster
* Entertaining sound effects
* Colorful graphics
* Challenge friends and family
* Game Center Leaderboard
* Entertaining and challenging fun for all ages
Players will find that the trickiest feature of easy! is the way it seamlessly shifts gears with every five correct answers. Players may go from answering whether a set of math questions are correct, (or incorrect, watch out for that!), and then move right into a batch of true or false "Does this taste sweet?" questions. Just when a contestant becomes comfortable with a set way of logically approaching a certain group of questions, the game switches up on them, and it goes off on a completely different line of questioning.
easy! also includes Game Center integration, so players can easily see how well their score compares those of their family, friends, or even complete strangers from around the world! Players can also easily challenge others to join in the fun, so now they can compete to prove once and for all who thinks fastest in a pinch. Players who show long-term dedication to the game could leap to the top of the Leaderboard.
easy! is fun for the whole family. Kid-friendly questions and answers make the game safe to play for any age group. The game's Purple Monster mascot, colorful graphics, and humorous sound effects make it a great game for younger players, while the tricky, continually shifting lines of questioning in the game make it an entertaining challenge for teenage and adult players.
* iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch
* Optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6, and iPhone 6 Plus
easy! A deluxe brainteaser! 0.9.1 is $0.99 (USD) and available worldwide exclusively through the App Store in the Games category. Review copies are available upon request
Infrastructure Upgrade, Inc. Announces Release of Upgrade It!
California based Infrastructure Upgrade, Inc. announces Upgrade It
Upgrade It!,1.1.1, its community-based recommendation app for iOS. This groundbreaking application is designed for architects, engineers, geologists, oceanographers, biologists, planners, IT professionals and the general public. IUI has developed a tool to shape your community. Frustrated by our crumbling public works? Here is your iPhone tool. Make your voice known. Shape and transform your community!
Fair Oaks, California – Infrastructure Upgrade, Inc. is pleased to announce the immediate release of Upgrade It! 1.1.1 for the iPhone. This groundbreaking iPhone application is designed for architects, engineers, geologists, oceanographers, biologists, planners, IT professionals and the general public. IUI has developed a tool to shape your community. Make your voice known:
* Provides a way to recommend improvements in your community. Upgrade It! features geo-located mapping that connects your views to the appropriate planning agencies.
* Provides a way to recommend improvements in your community on your iPhone for roads, airports, bridges, schools and housing. Ratings include: High priority (red) to low Priority (green). Re rank users' opinions and recommendations for existing problems.
* Geo-located map pinning of your recommended infrastructure improvements utilizing a color coded rating system (Red – high priority to Green – low priority)
* Utilization of pre-established visualizations/comments
* Re-rank existing pins created by previous users to construct aggregated statistical data of community preferences (roads, schools or facilities that are in the greatest need of improvement)
* Unlimited user input
* Free for community users
* Support for advertisers with iAd
* And more
Radically change your community engagement. Want to find out how? Contact IUI. Stand out from the competition. Utilize IUI's custom-tailored solution. Download Upgrade It! on the iPhone. Deploy IUI's solution in the field utilizing an iPhone. Learn about IUI's real-time proprietary solutions.
* 7.0 MB
Upgrade It! 1.1.1 is Free and available worldwide exclusively through the App Store in the Utilities category.
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text:
package org.hisp.dhis.outboundmessage;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.hisp.dhis.common.DeliveryChannel;

/**
 * @author Zubair <rajazubair.asghar@gmail.com>
 */

public class OutboundMessageBatch
{
    private List<OutboundMessage> messages = new ArrayList<>();

    private final DeliveryChannel deliveryChannel;

    public OutboundMessageBatch( List<OutboundMessage> messages, DeliveryChannel deliveryChannel )
    {
        this.messages = messages;
        this.deliveryChannel = deliveryChannel;
    }

    public OutboundMessageBatch( DeliveryChannel deliveryChannel )
    {
        this.deliveryChannel = deliveryChannel;
    }

    public List<OutboundMessage> getMessages()
    {
        return messages;
    }

    public DeliveryChannel getDeliveryChannel()
    {
        return deliveryChannel;
    }

    public void setMessages( List<OutboundMessage> messages )
    {
        this.messages = messages;
    }

    public int size()
    {
        return messages.size();
    }
}


A Swedish woman has been jailed for five years by a UK court for the manslaughter of a man she met shortly after she and her twin sister made a dash into oncoming traffic on the M6 motorway.
Sabina Eriksson, 41, a Swedish national residing in County Cork, Ireland, had admitted the killing of Glenn Hollinshead in Stoke-on-Trent in central England on May 20th 2008 in a previous hearing, claiming diminished responsibility, the BBC reports.
The Luton Crown Court heard that Eriksson suffered from a rare psychiatric disorder before passing sentence.
Eriksson leapt to internet infamy when shocking images were released in September 2008 depicting Eriksson, and her twin sister Ursula, walking along the central reservation of the M6 motorway near Keele services, in Staffordshire, on May 17th 2008.
The duo then take a sudden plunge into oncoming traffic where Sabina is hit by a car. Ursula is later hit by truck after making a second dash onto the motorway and spent the following seven weeks in hospital recovering from her injuries.
Sabina Eriksson punched a police officer in the melee and it eventually took six officers to restrain her.
She spent the following day in custody and appeared in front of Fenton Magistrates' Court charged with assaulting a police officer on May 29th, the same day that she was to cross paths with the unfortunate Glenn Hollinshead.
Hollinshead met Sabina Eriksson while she was walking home from a pub in Stoke-on-Trent. He took pity on her and invited her to stay at his home, the BBC reports.
The next morning she stabbed him four times, killing him.
The mentally disturbed woman was later seen by witnesses banging herself on the head with a hammer before jumping 12 metres from a bridge on to the A50 near the city.
In passing judgement Mr Justice Saunders recognised that the punishment may seem lenient to the family of the deceased.
"However, I have sentenced on the basis that the reason for the killing was the mental illness and therefore the culpability of the defendant is low and therefore the sentence I have passed is designed to protect the public," he said.


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The Souter Strategy
Updated June 8, 1998 12:01 am ET
As Paul Gigot reported in his Potomac Watch column, one of the names on President Clinton's list of possible Supreme Court nominees is Sonia Sotomayor, a liberal district court judge from New York. The "Souter strategy" is what's being talked about here: Get her on to the Second Circuit, then elevate her to the Supreme Court as soon as an opening occurs. This is what happened with David Souter, who in the space of six short months found himself first on the First Circuit and then, faster than you can say "original intent," on the Supreme Court.