text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using VVVV.PluginInterfaces.V2;
using SlimDX;
using VVVV.MSKinect.Lib;
using VVVV.PluginInterfaces.V1;
using Microsoft.Kinect;
using Vector4 = SlimDX.Vector4;
using Quaternion = SlimDX.Quaternion;
using Microsoft.Kinect.Face;

namespace VVVV.MSKinect.Nodes
{
    [PluginInfo(Name = "Face",
	            Category = "Kinect2",
	            Version = "Microsoft",
	            Author = "flateric",
	            Tags = "DX11",
	            Help = "Returns face data for each tracked user")]
    public class KinectFaceNode : IPluginEvaluate, IPluginConnections
    {
        [Input("Kinect Runtime")]
        protected Pin<KinectRuntime> FInRuntime;

        [Output("Position Infrared")]
        protected ISpread<Vector2> FOutPositionInfrared;

        [Output("Size Infrared")]
        protected ISpread<Vector2> FOutSizeInfrared;

        [Output("Position Color")]
        protected ISpread<Vector2> FOutPositionColor;

        [Output("Size Color")]
        protected ISpread<Vector2> FOutSizeColor;

        [Output("Points Color")]
        protected ISpread<ISpread<Vector2>> FOutPointsColor;

        [Output("Points World")]
        protected ISpread<ISpread<Vector3>> FOutPointsWorld;

        [Output("Orientation")]
        protected ISpread<Quaternion> FOutOrientation;

        [Output("Engaged")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutEngaged;

        [Output("Wear Glasses")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutWearGlasses;

        [Output("Happy")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutHappy;

        [Output("Left Eye Closed")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutLeftEyeClosed;

        [Output("Right Eye Closed")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutRightEyeClosed;

        [Output("Looking Away")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutlookAway;

        [Output("Mouth Open")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutMouthOpen;

        [Output("Mouth Moved")]
        protected ISpread<string> FOutMouthMoved;

        [Output("User Index")]
        protected ISpread<int> FOutUserIndex;

        [Output("Frame Number", IsSingle = true)]
        protected ISpread<int> FOutFrameNumber;

        private bool FInvalidateConnect = false;

        private KinectRuntime runtime;

        private FaceFrameSource[] faceFrameSources = null;
        private FaceFrameReader[] faceFrameReaders = null;
        private FaceFrameResult[] lastResults = null;

        private Body[] lastframe = new Body[6];

        private object m_lock = new object();

        public KinectFaceNode()
        {
            faceFrameReaders = new FaceFrameReader[6];
            faceFrameSources = new FaceFrameSource[6];
            lastResults = new FaceFrameResult[6];
        }

        private int GetIndex(FaceFrameSource src)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < faceFrameSources.Length;i++)
            {
                if (src == faceFrameSources[i]) { return i; }
            }
            return 0;
        }

        public void Evaluate(int SpreadMax)
        {
            if (this.FInvalidateConnect)
            {
                if (this.FInRuntime.PluginIO.IsConnected)
                {
                    //Cache runtime node
                    this.runtime = this.FInRuntime[0];

                    this.runtime.SkeletonFrameReady += SkeletonReady;

                    if (runtime != null)
                    {
                        FaceFrameFeatures faceFrameFeatures =
                            FaceFrameFeatures.BoundingBoxInColorSpace
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.PointsInColorSpace
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.RotationOrientation
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.FaceEngagement
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.Glasses
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.Happy
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.LeftEyeClosed
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.RightEyeClosed
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.LookingAway
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.MouthMoved
                            | FaceFrameFeatures.MouthOpen;

                        for (int i = 0; i < this.faceFrameSources.Length; i++)
                        {
                            this.faceFrameSources[i] = new FaceFrameSource(this.runtime.Runtime, 0, faceFrameFeatures);
                            this.faceFrameReaders[i] = this.faceFrameSources[i].OpenReader();
                            this.faceFrameReaders[i].FrameArrived += this.faceReader_FrameArrived;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    this.runtime.SkeletonFrameReady -= SkeletonReady;
                    for (int i = 0; i < this.faceFrameSources.Length; i++)
                    {
                        this.faceFrameReaders[i].FrameArrived -= this.faceReader_FrameArrived;
                        this.faceFrameReaders[i].Dispose();
                        this.faceFrameSources[i].Dispose();
                    }
                }

                this.FInvalidateConnect = false;
            }

            List<FaceFrameResult> results = new List<FaceFrameResult>();

            for (int i = 0; i < lastResults.Length; i++)
            {
                if (this.lastResults[i] != null && this.faceFrameReaders[i].FaceFrameSource.IsTrackingIdValid)
                {
                    results.Add(lastResults[i]);
                }
            }

            this.FOutWearGlasses.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutUserIndex.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutSizeInfrared.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutSizeColor.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutRightEyeClosed.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutPositionInfrared.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutPositionColor.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutPointsColor.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutOrientation.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutMouthOpen.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutMouthMoved.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutlookAway.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutLeftEyeClosed.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutHappy.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutEngaged.SliceCount = results.Count;
            this.FOutPointsWorld.SliceCount = results.Count;

            for (int i = 0; i < results.Count; i++)
            {
                this.WriteFaceData(results[i], i);
            }
        }

        private Vector2 ProcessPoint(Vector2 pos)
        {
            pos.X /= 1920.0f;
            pos.X = pos.X * 2.0f - 1.0f;

            pos.Y = 1.0f - (pos.Y / 1080.0f);
            pos.Y = pos.Y * 2.0f - 1.0f;
            return pos;
        }

        private void WriteFaceData(FaceFrameResult res, int slice)
        {
            Vector2 pos;
            Vector2 size;

            size.X = Math.Abs(res.FaceBoundingBoxInColorSpace.Right - res.FaceBoundingBoxInColorSpace.Left);
            size.Y = Math.Abs(res.FaceBoundingBoxInColorSpace.Bottom - res.FaceBoundingBoxInColorSpace.Top);

            pos.X = (float)res.FaceBoundingBoxInColorSpace.Left + (size.X * 0.5f);
            pos.Y = (float)res.FaceBoundingBoxInColorSpace.Top + (size.Y * 0.5f);

            pos = this.ProcessPoint(pos);

            size.X /= 1920.0f;
            size.Y /= 1080.0f;

            this.FOutPositionColor[slice] = pos;
            this.FOutSizeColor[slice] = size;

            this.FOutPointsColor[slice].SliceCount = res.FacePointsInColorSpace.Count;
            this.FOutPointsWorld[slice].SliceCount = res.FacePointsInColorSpace.Count;
            var pointRef = this.FOutPointsColor[slice];
            var wRef = this.FOutPointsWorld[slice];
            for (int i = 0; i < res.FacePointsInColorSpace.Count; i++)
            {
                var pt = res.FacePointsInColorSpace[(FacePointType)i];
                pointRef[i] = this.ProcessPoint(new Vector2(pt.X, pt.Y));
            }

            this.FOutOrientation[slice] = new Quaternion(res.FaceRotationQuaternion.X, res.FaceRotationQuaternion.Y,
                res.FaceRotationQuaternion.Z, res.FaceRotationQuaternion.W);

            this.FOutEngaged[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.Engaged].ToString();
            this.FOutWearGlasses[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.WearingGlasses].ToString();
            this.FOutHappy[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.Happy].ToString();
            this.FOutLeftEyeClosed[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.LeftEyeClosed].ToString();
            this.FOutRightEyeClosed[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.RightEyeClosed].ToString();
            this.FOutlookAway[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.LookingAway].ToString();
            this.FOutMouthMoved[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.MouthMoved].ToString();
            this.FOutMouthOpen[slice] = res.FaceProperties[FaceProperty.MouthOpen].ToString();
            this.FOutUserIndex[slice] = (int)res.TrackingId;
        }

        void faceReader_FrameArrived(object sender, Microsoft.Kinect.Face.FaceFrameArrivedEventArgs e)
        {
            using (FaceFrame frame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame())
            {
                if (frame != null)
                {
                    var res = frame.FaceFrameResult;

                    if(res != null)
                    {
                        for (int i = 0; i < this.lastResults.Length; i++)
                        {
                            if (frame.TrackingId == this.faceFrameReaders[i].FaceFrameSource.TrackingId)
                            {
                                this.lastResults[i] = res;
                            }
                        }

                        this.FOutFrameNumber[0] = (int)frame.FaceFrameResult.RelativeTime.Ticks;

                        //this.WriteFaceData(res, 0);
                    }

                }
            }
        }

        private void SkeletonReady(object sender, BodyFrameArrivedEventArgs e)
        {
            using (BodyFrame skeletonFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame())
            {
                if (skeletonFrame != null)
                {
                   skeletonFrame.GetAndRefreshBodyData(this.lastframe);

                    for (int i = 0; i < this.lastResults.Length;i++)
                    {
                        if (this.lastframe[i].IsTracked)
                        {
                            this.faceFrameSources[i].TrackingId = this.lastframe[i].TrackingId;
                        }
                        /*if (this.faceFrameSources[i].IsTrackingIdValid)
                        {

                        }
                        else
                        {

                        }*/
                    }

                    skeletonFrame.Dispose();
                }
            }
        }

        public void ConnectPin(IPluginIO pin)
        {
            if (pin == this.FInRuntime.PluginIO)
            {
                this.FInvalidateConnect = true;
            }
        }

        public void DisconnectPin(IPluginIO pin)
        {
            if (pin == this.FInRuntime.PluginIO)
            {
                this.FInvalidateConnect = true;
            }
        }
    }
}


text:
Q: ScrollViewer only scrollable when contents minHeight falls below Lets take this code as basis:
<ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="50" />
            <RowDefinition Height="50" />
            <RowDefinition Height="*" />
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>

        <Button
            x:Name="_buttonAdd"
            Grid.Row="0"
            Click="_buttonAdd_Click"
            Content="Daten hinzufügen" />

        <Button
            x:Name="_buttonDel"
            Grid.Row="1"
            Click="_buttonDel_Click"
            Content="Daten löschen" />

        <DataGrid
            x:Name="_dataGrid"
            Grid.Row="2"
            MinHeight="200"
            HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
            VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
            AutoGenerateColumns="True"
            ItemsSource="{Binding Path=MitarbeiterList}"
            VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
        </DataGrid>
    </Grid>
</ScrollViewer>

I want the ScrollViewer only to scroll, if the MinHeight of the DataGrid falls below 200.
On the other side I want the ScrollViewer not to scroll, if the MinHeight exceeds or in
other words: I want the DataGrid to stretch vertically to the visible area and shows its
own Scrollbar if necessary.
I hope you guys can solve my problem.
thanks in advance.

A: As you've written the code, the Grid will always have a minimum height of 300: 50 each for the first two rows, plus 200 for the DataGrid (as set by its MinHeight property).  If the container of this Grid (or, actually, the ScrollViewer you've declared) becomes less than that, the ScrollViewer will show its vertical ScrollBar.
Personally, unless your container is going to be less than the size of the Buttons plus some of the DataGrid, I would simply remove the outer ScrollViewer.  I can't tell for sure, but I believe that this will give you the functionality you desire.
The Buttons will always be visible, and the DataGrid will fill the remaining space.  If the DataGrid needs more room than is visible, its ScrollBar will automatically show up.
One other thing I would probably do is to put the buttons next to each other horizontally - this will not only clean up the UI, but also save you some real estate.  You could even make the row autosize, and size the buttons accordingly.
In summary, it might look something like this (I'd probably make a Style for the buttons as well, but you get the idea):
<Grid>
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
        <RowDefinition Height="*" />
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>

    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
        <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

    <Button
        x:Name="_buttonAdd"
        Grid.Column="0"
        Grid.Row="0"
        HorizontalAlignment="Left"
        Margin="5"
        Click="_buttonAdd_Click"
        Content="Daten hinzufügen" />

    <Button
        x:Name="_buttonDel"
        Grid.Column="1"
        Grid.Row="0"
        HorizontalAlignment="Right"
        Margin="5"
        Click="_buttonDel_Click"
        Content="Daten löschen" />

    <DataGrid
        x:Name="_dataGrid"
        Grid.Column="0"
        Grid.Row="1"
        Grid.ColumnSpan="2"
        HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
        VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
        AutoGenerateColumns="True"
        ItemsSource="{Binding Path=MitarbeiterList}"
        VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
    </DataGrid>
</Grid>

A: Thanks for your answer Wonko. Removing the scrollviewer isn't the key, but I can understand your thoughts. I finally did it my way, with a multibinding on MaxHeight:
<DataGrid
    x:Name="_dataGrid"
    Grid.Column="0"
    Grid.Row="1"
    Grid.ColumnSpan="2"
    HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
    VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
    AutoGenerateColumns="True"
    ItemsSource="{Binding Path=MitarbeiterList}"
    VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
   <DataGrid.MaxHeight>
       <Multibinding Converter="{StaticResource MaxHeightConverter}">
           <Binding Path="ActualHeight"
                    ElementName="_hostingWindow" />
           <Binding Path="DataGridLocationPoint" />
       </Multibinding>
   </DataGrid.MaxHeight>
</DataGrid>

The MaxHeightConverter just subtract the ActualHeight of the window with the Y-Coordinate of the DataGrid-Location: So this sets the MaxHeight of the DataGrid always to the remaining available area of the window. The DataGridLocationPoint is set when the size of the window is changed. Like this:
public void dataGrid_SizeChanged(...)
{
        GeneralTransform transform = dataGrid.TransformToAncestor(this);
        Point DataGridLocationPoint = transform.Transform(new Point(0, 0));
}

(Sorry the code may not run, because I wrote it out of my Brain)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


You've probably seen the video going around of someone reciting 5 minutes of soulful couplets about the problems of modern technology, over footage that cuts between him looking sincerely at a camera and some images of pretty people using and not using phones and computers. Did I mention the cheesy emotive music? There's cheesy emotive music.
He asserts that the sense of community and social connection we experience using virtual technologies is just an illusion; this is factually incorrect. And not just a little bit incorrect, it's the exact opposite of a really fundamental truth. It's a lie on the scale of climate change denial.
Virtual socialisation has been the subject of a vast amount of academic research. And I mean vast. I spent years studying it at uni and only scratched the surface. There are dozens of peer-reviewed journals and international conferences every year dedicated solely to online society. While the work done in this area has covered a huge scope and there are many different theories and models that have been advanced, there is one issue on which there is complete consensus: virtual socialising is real. It is meaningful and important for those who engage in it.
It's interesting, therefore, that no one questions our youtube poet when he flat out contradicts the mountain of evidence. In fact, I think the analogy of climate denial is quite apt - saying that socialising online is not real makes intuitive sense in our culture in the same way that saying climate change is a conspiracy makes intuitive sense among certain conservative cultures.
Yet when we think about it for a moment, the idea that social interaction that occurs using virtual technologies might not be real is clearly nonsense. For one thing, why would so many people do it if they didn't find it meaningful?
There are several factors at work. One is a culture that has deep roots in a tradition which sees technological change as automatically bad. Socrates thought writing was a terrifying, unnatural technology that would send the world to hell in a handcart. Multitudes of writers and filmmakers have reinforced similar notions through the ages, to the point where suspicion of change - and its association with evil forces - just comes naturally.
Secondly, there's the Golden Age Fallacy, one of my favourites. The poet assumes that ever since we started using computers and such, we've started isolating ourselves and started having less real-world social time. In the old days we would have spent the time we now spend texting hanging out in the park instead. This is again a factual error. Phones, computers and such are almost entirely used when we would have been alone anyway. For example, there's a bit in the film where a girl sits down at a bus stop and the two other girls at the stop ignore her because they're on their phones. The implication is that without phones, the three women would have burst in to spontaneous and joyous conversation.
No. Obviously, in the old days, they would have still sat ignoring each other, but they just wouldn't have had phones to use in the meantime. Do we really think British people used to talk to strangers on public transport?! LOL! In fact, this is a classic situation in which the phones allow us to be more sociable, because we can use our downtime to socialise when we would otherwise be bored.
Similarly with going on facebook while alone in your room. In the old days, you would still have been alone in your room, you just would have been staring at the ceiling rather than at a screen. We still go out to see friends in the real world whenever there's a social reason to do so. In fact we probably do it more than in the old days because of our shorter working hours and better transport connections. But we can use our alone time to stay in touch, which we couldn't do before.
The dude says he has 422 friends yet he is alone. The figure caught my attention because I happen to currently have 420. Maybe there's some magical barrier around the 421 mark, because I am not alone at all. That's because I contact my friends fairly regularly, using facebook and yes my phone, and I reinforce my friendship with them via the age-old method of talking to them and sharing stuff. Sometimes I do this while they are physically close to me, sometimes I do it while they're far away. In both cases I feel equally less alone.
If you want to build a case that a technology is bad, you have to ground it in real, research-based evidence and not instinct. As a culture we simply have to get over this idea that there is some qualitative difference between virtual and actual socialising. There is zero evidence that one is better than the other. If you think about it, what factor could there possibly be that could make one better than the other? They're both about connecting with other people. That's what humans do.
In his groundbreaking study of the virtual world Second Life, anthropologist Tom Boellstorff points out that his findings (which show that Second Life society is very similar in every fundamental way to offline society) might be explained by a simple truth: socialising has always been virtual. The psyche that constitutes you or me as an individual is formed by billions of neurons. These receive signals from the outside world and interprets them. Other individuals that we encounter are nothing but concepts put together in our brain - we have no experience really being them. We have a concept in our mind for "friend", "soulmate" or "that guy I know" - all our interactions with these concepts take place via some kind of intermediary communication system, whether it be touch, language or social media. In this sense it is absolutely fair to say that there's no real difference between talking to someone using the sound waves your larynx creates over short distances and talking to someone using fibre-optic cables. The media are not important - or at least not compared to the content that they are communicating.


text:
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Damascus Citizens for Sustainability Attack Marcellus Shale Gas
by J. Wylie Donald
No, this is not jihad or the last gasp of a d esperate despot. Instead, it is a citizens group taking on the government and seeking to compel the completion of environmental impact statements (EISs) prior to the promulgation of regulations for the development of shale oil wells in the Delaware River Basin. If they are successful, they will certainly delay the drilling of hundreds if not thousands of wells. And as part of that success, the role of natural gas as a "bridging" fuel to ease us into a carbon-free world may be substantially diminished. Taking a page from the playbook of past environmental challenges, Damascus Citizens for Sustainability, Inc. filed suit earlier this month against the Army Corps of Engineers, Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, EPA and Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC), as well as various officers in their official capacities to block hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") activities in the Delaware River Basin. The gravamen of the complaint (attached) is that the agencies have violated federal law by failing to require the completion of an environmental impact statement before promulgating regulations allowing natural gas development within the Basin. Plaintiff seeks declaratory and injunctive relief. DCS is a non-profit conservation group whose members "live, work and recreate" in the Basin. Complaint ¶ 11. Members of DCS include organic farmers, bird watchers, hunters and fishermen. Id. ¶ 12. Some will take offense at the disengagement of some of the plaintiff's members who "escape on weekends and vacations to their refuge in the Upper Delaware Basin where they can commune with nature in the bucolic setting of the Basin." Id. As summarized by the complaint, "For each member of DCS, the Basin's unspoiled resources are his or her own Walden Pond." Id. Defendants are government agencies responsible in one way or another for the watershed. As such, effects from fracking (which, according to the complaint, will result in between 15,000 and 18,000 natural gas wells in the Basin, id. ¶ 62) fall under their jurisdiction. A substantial hurdle in plaintiff's suit is whether the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (which requires EISs) even applies to an interstate commission such as the DRBC. As the complaint acknowledges, "DRBC has stated that it is not subject to NEPA, noting that four of the five commissioners are appointed by states. DRBC thus refuses to comply with NEPA." Id. ¶ 32. There is support in the case law for this position: "That DRBC is a federal agency for purposes of NEPA is very doubtful." Delaware Water Emergency Group v. Hansler, 536 F. Supp. 26, 35 (E.D. Pa. 1981). DCS argues that, among other things, the DRBC is a federal agency as it was established by federal legislation, publishes its regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations, publishes its activities in the Federal Register, is listed as a U.S. Government Agency by USA.gov and is viewed as a federal agency by the Council of Environmental Quality, which oversees the federal government's compliance with NEPA. Complaint ¶¶ 26, 28, 29. If DCS gets past that hurdle then numerous aspects of fracking may come under the microscope. Allegations include: highly contaminated return flows of water, gas and other materials, confidential fracking fluid formulas containing "carcinogenic, acutely toxic, chronically toxic and bioaccumulative" materials, methane emissions as greenhouse gases, "systematic evidence of methane contamination of drinking water from gas extraction activities", "large-scale changes in land use and increased water withdrawals," "significant air pollution from truck exhaust emissions," "serious vehicular accidents," "significant public health problems" and permanent change to the rural and scenic character of the area. Id. ¶¶ 50, 51, 54, 59, 62, 63, 65 and 66. It is obvious that full development of all these topics will substantially delay the development of the Marcellus shale. To focus on just one aspect of the allegations, it is worth looking at greenhouse gas emissions. The conventional wisdom is that because natural gas is composed of lighter, less complex hydrocarbons, and therefore when combusted it emits less carbon dioxide per BTU than other fossil fuels, it is to be preferred over oil and coal. NaturalGas.org reports on its webpage that "The combustion of natural gas emits almost 30 percent less carbon dioxide than oil, and just under 45 percent less carbon dioxide than coal." (Particulates, SOx and NOx and mercury are likewise much lower.) Methane, an even more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, and a significant component of natural gas, likewise is reported to have better characteristics in natural gas. An EPA/Gas Resources Institute 1997 study concluded "that the reduction in emissions from increased natural gas use strongly outweighs the detrimental effects of increased methane emissions." Id. Accordingly, many believe that if one substitutes natural gas for coal and oil, one could continue to grow the economy while at the same time reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This proposition is under attack. Citing a 2010 EPA study, DCS pleads that EPA "revised its estimated potential emissions from gas well completions from 0.02 tons of methane per well to 177 tons of methane per well." Complaint ¶ 63. We tracked down the EPA study and some additional scholarship. In Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reporting from the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry, Background Technical Support Document, the EPA walks away from its earlier study: "new data and increased knowledge of industry operations and practices have highlighted the fact that emissions estimates from the EPA/GRI study are outdated and potentially understated for some emissions sources." Background Technical Support Document at 8. One of those sources is unconventional natural gas production, aka fracking. Appendix B of the study lays out the sources of the new data and they are thin: four presentations at a 2007 EPA Natural Gas STAR Production Technology Transfer Workshop . Nevertheless, they may be a game changer. Cornell researchers Howarth, Santoro and Ingraffea took the new numbers and applied them to the proposition that natural gas should be used "as a transitional fuel, allowing continued dependence on fossil fuels yet reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to oil or coal over coming decades." Howarth at 2. They concluded that shale gas has a greenhouse gas footprint substantially larger than previously thought and that, depending on circumstances, the footprint of coal can be superior to that of shale gas (i.e., smaller). Id. ¶ 8. Thus, "the large GHG footprint of shale gas undercuts the logic of its use as a bridging fuel over coming decades, if the goal is to reduce global warming." Id. One thing that was striking in the EPA study was the acknowledgment of "great variability in the natural gas sector and [that] the resulting emission rates have high uncertainty." Background Technical Support Document at 86. EPA also noted that its results do not include reductions due to control technologies. Id. at 87. Howarth et al. acknowledge the efficacy of technology and that "methane emissions during the flow-back period in theory can be reduced by up to 90%." Howarth ¶ 7. In practice, they assert it does not happen. If Damascus Citizens for Sustainability has anything to say about it, we will know more. Damascus Citizens for Sustainability, Inc. v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers et al, 11-cv-03857 Complaint (Aug. 10, 2011).pdf (828.33 kb)
afd33dc6-f266-4d4f-ab55-bc667346cfed|0|.0|27604f05-86ad-47ef-9e05-950bb762570c
Carbon Dioxide | Carbon Emissions | Climate Change Litigation | Greenhouse Gases | Sustainability
Tags: methane, greenhouse gases, GHG, environmental impact statement, technology transfer workshop, USEPA, NEPA, Delaware River Basin Commission, DRBC, Robert W. Howarth
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FEMA Flood Maps are All Wet - They Don't Consider Climate Change
Last week brought another edition of the Flood Insurance Rate Maps. FEMA announced on October 29 that it was releasing new preliminary flood maps for Montgomery County, Maryland. Click here. It has been 14 years since the last flood plain map was created and the good citizens have seen substantial changes in that period. Montgomery County's planning arm sets forth in its 2007-2009 report that the population has boomed over the last thirty years with an anticipated increase of 14% this decade, the fastest growing in Maryland. Click here. The effect of all this growth is telling. "Several factors—including sustained job and population expansion, declining supplies of greenfield space, and land use policies favoring in-fill and transit-oriented development—have reinforced this pattern of concentrated development in recent years. Growth, density and mixed-used development are transforming former commuter suburbs into increasingly more urban-like environments." So with all that change, re-doing the flood plain maps is necessary, and overdue. Unfortunately, these maps are outdated even as they are issued. This is not simply because additional development affects them. It is because they do not consider climate change. This bears repeating. The FEMA flood maps do not consider climate change. And it is not just some blogger saying it. The Delaware River Basin Commission wrote in 2009: "Future development and the impacts of climate change are not taken into account during the development of FEMA flood hazard area mapping." Click here. Why is this significant? One of the fundamental predictions of climate scientists is that climate change is going to deliver more extreme weather. In the Northeast, for example, there will be more frequent storms and more severe storms. It should be obvious that these will increase the frequency of flooding and the 100-year flood will now become the 50-year flood or the 25-year flood. As most know, the FEMA flood map shows the 100-year flood plain. Inside the flood plain, certain construction requirements are imposed, and flood insurance is required of all who would be involved in federal programs (such as loan guarantees from Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac). Outside the 100-year floodplain, neither condition applies. Accordingly, if the 100-year floodplain is inaccurately set forth, numerous properties just outside the erroneous line are more likely to be subjected to a flood than the occupant or owner anticipates, and are more likely not to have flood insurance. If this sounds like a recipe for disaster, it is. The spring floods in Nashville caused over $1 billion in damage. FEMA reported only 100 National Flood Insurance policies in the the entirety of Davidson County (where Nashville is located).1 Why so few? Because no one believed they were in the flood plain. This mentality is only going to get worse, particularly if FEMA publishes flood maps without pointing out that it is ignoring an undeniable substantial factor: climate change. 1 Jeff Casale, Significant losses expected after floods soak Nashville, Business Insurance (May 10, 2010).
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Tags: FEMA, Flood Map, Climate Change, Montgomery County's, Delaware River Basin Commission, Flood Hazard, Flood Plain
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Home News Kayode Ajulo Speaks on State of the Nation, Suggests How Buhari can...
Kayode Ajulo Speaks on State of the Nation, Suggests How Buhari can get Nigeria Working
Dr. Kayode Ajulo, former National Secretary of the Labour Party has stressed the need for the Federal Government to rejig its policies if it desires the nation to move forward. He also calls for the abandonment of ethnic and religious sentiments in national affairs. He outlined what President Muhammadu Buhari must do to move Nigeria forward.
What is your impression of the state of the country?
Today as Nigerians, we are at a risk of becoming liabilities to humanity when all we do as citizens or leaders is to view things using the lens of religion and ethnicity. As a matter of urgent national importance, I want to urge Nigerians and indeed the leaders that such sentiments, tendencies and actions should be avoided by all possible means this year. I had to start off the conversation from this position because of the dire consequences it portends for the corporate existence of any nation.
What suggestions can you offer the President Muhammadu Buhari-led administration especially as the year is just beginning?
It is a fact that cannot be gainsaid or misconstrued that the term 'sustainable economic growth and development' is one of the key indicators of good governance in a country and as such the right policies must be put in place to ensure this. To put it in another way, good governance is central to economic growth and development and the absence of the latter is symptomatic of the failure of government to deliver on the former.
Economic development is attainable through the provision of the right infrastructure and engaging all the variables in the market so as to attain the desired equilibrium. This is to be contrasted with economic growth which is simply accounted for by market outputs and a rise in GDP.
An enabling environment must be created by the government to ensure a steady development of the economy and this agrees with the reasoning of scholars that economic development has a direct relationship with the environment. This implies the provision of physical infrastructure, increased spending on health, education etc. which invariably stimulates economic growth. The consensus therefore is that economic development and economic growth are inseparable.
As a legal practitioner, I do not want to be caught in the web of encroaching for instance, on the competence of the Economic Advisory Council inaugurated by the President in the course of 2019 by delving professionally into the nitty-gritty of the nation's economic outlook for the past year.
However, as a lawyer, it presupposes that I should have a fair understanding of a wide spectrum of issues including this instant one and it is on the strength of this that I will comment on the economic outlook for 2019 and suggest some possible ways of fostering economic growth and development going forward.
How would you review the outgone year, 2019?
It was a year of adjustment for Nigerians in terms of economic realities particularly in the aftermath of the closure of our borders which was an economic measure /policy to primarily curb the menace of smuggling and heavy dependence on foreign goods. It however came with a mixed impact for the economy because of the unexpected nature of the announcement.
In all sincerity, one would have thought that such economic decision of dire implications would not have been taken overnight without recourse to the concerned stakeholders in particular and the Nigerian people as a whole.
This is partly responsible for the public outcry that greeted the announcement, with market analysts arguing that the shock created negatively impacted the economy especially in the area of price inflation, notwithstanding increased local production. For instance, the price of a locally produced bag of rice has risen from N15,000 to more than N20,000.
It is therefore expedient that while the government is keen on boosting and increasing local production, it should also devise an interim means of ensuring price control even though economists may want to argue that what we are having now is the interplay of the forces of demand and supply. The current price inflation especially of rice which is arguably the most commonly consumed staple should be reversed as soon as possible because even though the border closure is an encouragement for domestic producers, it has however led to price increases for consumers and this is capable of making a mess out of the lofty economic decision.
Still on the issue of border closure, the decision is widely criticized by some stakeholders.
I am not unaware that many have criticized the action as insensitive and untimely. However, I must admit that Nigeria would have been more economically stronger if the bold measures currently undertaken by this administration had been considered and adopted by previous administrations. This is the reason why I must commend the government on one hand and also advise it as noted earlier that economic policies of this nature will be better appreciated and welcomed when all the stakeholders and indeed the Nigerian people are carried along in terms of media advocacies, engagements and campaigns for such scheme. I must admit that it is not easy for us as a nation to adjust our consumption pattern to suit locally produced goods overnight but with time we will learn to appreciate this sacrifice.
Some people also say the border closure is a breach of the ECOWAS protocol on free movement of goods and people?
I have gone through the protocols which only border on goods produced by respective member states and not goods produced by non-member states and as such, neighbouring countries will do well to comply with the ECOWAS protocols on transit of goods.
It is imperative that this current administration use this period to aggressively pursue capacity building for local production of goods hitherto smuggled through our porous borders. The government should also strive to strengthen the nation's borders by boosting the capacity of border agents to ensure compliance with the relevant regulations on trade. The joint border patrol involving the Police, Customs, Immigration, Navy and State Security Services currently being proposed by Niger, Benin and Nigeria is a step in the right direction.
Prices of goods have increased with the border closure, take the case of locally produced bag of rice you mentioned earlier
There is no gain without pain; I want to commend Nigerians for enduring the temporary hardship occasioned by the border closure which is a necessary sacrifice for a vibrant and a robust economy. Undoubtedly, since the border closure, government accruals have increased in terms of payment of duties and there has been an increase in local production of some goods. Nigerians however await price affordability of these locally produced goods which also should not be found wanting in terms of quality because it is premised on this, that the current hardship being experienced can be reasonably justified, otherwise, the government should rethink the border closure altogether.
Another important area that should be brought into focus by this present administration is the diversification of the economy in order to achieve sustainable economic growth. The pressing demand of this new decade is a well-planned decentralisation of the economy from the oil sector to other sectors of the economy such as agriculture and solid minerals. We should stop paying lip-service to the issue of diversification and start walking the talk.
The human rights and respect for the rule of law records of the administration is an issue of great concern. In fact, it is regarded as the worst ever in the country's history, the era of the military included. What do you say?
Human rights and the rule of law which possibly are two sides of the same coin have prominently featured as topics of interest in Nigeria. Both terms are adequately provided for under the Constitution and other laws of the land. A country's sure path to peace, economic prosperity and development is secured when laws are respected, obeyed and upheld no matter whose ox is gored.
The duty of protection of the fundamental human rights of citizens rests on all fours on the three arms of government, – the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. The fourth estate of the realm- the press also has a role to play with respect to the protection of these rights.
The National Assembly in exercise of its power under Section 4 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria as altered enacts laws for the peace, order and good government of the federation. There is no gainsaying the fact that the essence of protection of Nigerians, majority and minority alike, via the instrumentality of laws is to prevent one from taking advantage of the other either in terms of numbers or influence. I must stress here that majority may not necessarily be in terms of numerical strength but in terms of the influence wielded by a group against the others. Thus, it is the duty of the legislature to think ahead and put in place measures which may prevent any possible event or occurrence which may cause widespread monumental humanitarian crisis.
I am compelled to believe that this is what informed the proposed hate speech and social media bills currently before the Senate, the bills have however generated heated debates with many Nigerians seeing them as a contravention of the rights to freedom of speech as embedded in the Constitution and other international human rights instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Notwithstanding, the sincerity of the intentions of the sponsors of the bills in particular and the Senate in general, I want to canvass that the Senate should pander to the instincts and wishes of Nigerians by suspending deliberations on them.
As we speak, the bills are just so unpopular among the populace and there is also the legitimate question that they are capable of being manipulated against perceived 'enemies' of the state. In this instance, it is better to err on the side of caution than on the side of utter recklessness that the political class is well known for the hate speech bill may inadvertently become an anti-free speech law if passed and this seems to be the legitimate fears of citizens.
It may also interest the Senate to know that the United States which also practices a presidential system like us does not have hate speech laws, as a matter of fact; American courts have repeatedly ruled that laws criminalising hate speech violate the guarantee to freedom of speech contained in the first amendment to the United States Constitution.
It is on the strength of the above that I want to assert that some provisions of some extant legislations such as the Criminal Code Act, the Nigeria Penal Code Act and the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention etc.) Act, 2015 have the capacity to address the issues raised in the proposed bills.
How do you strike a balance between rule of law and national security? The Federal Government always cites national security and interest when ever it disobeys court orders?
With particular reference to human rights, the National Assembly ensures protection of Nigerians across all divides and it is needful to stress here that the Chapter IV of the Constitution was not just inscribed in the Constitution to achieve nothing. The framers of the Constitution left no one in doubt as to their determination in ensuring that no Nigerian should have to suffer needlessly without getting justice and this lends credence to the legal maxim, Ubi Jus, Ibi Remedium that is, where there is a right, there is a remedy.
However, there is the delicate issue of how to strike the balance between upholding the Rule of Law and National Security. In my humble but considered opinion, the rule of law is quite accommodative of National Security; the ultimate threat to National Security is the lack of respect for the rule of law. The executive arm of government cannot be seen or fingered to be breaking the law in the name of upholding national security, the rule of law and National Security are not two mutually exclusive terms.
The government cannot continue to rely on the Obiter decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Asari Dokubo v. FRN, which is to the effect that when an individual interest conflicts with national interest, the national interest will naturally prevail. I want to counsel that it is not within the purview of the executive arm of government to determine in each respective case whether there is a national interest to protect neither does it come within its domain to determine whether national security/interest supersedes individual interest.
In any case, the judiciary is the only constitutional organ vested with the power to determine disputes in whatever form and I want to respectfully submit that assuming without conceding that a particular case reveals a prima facie threat to national security, the same does not extinguish the overriding power of the court to grant bail as enshrined in Section 35 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria as altered.
It is pertinent to reiterate that as an independent arm of government, it is vested with judicial powers for the enforcement of the fundamental human rights of citizens pursuant to Section 46 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria as altered.
The executive on its part has been caught in the web of misconceptions by the public as well intended actions taken by it for the peaceful coexistence of the nation has either been met with public outcry or outright condemnation.
This is evident in the perception of the public towards its handling of the cases of Omoyele Sowore and Sambo Dasuki. The misconceptions were further heightened by the apparent disobedience to court orders as witnessed in the afore-mentioned cases. I must state that there is simply no legal justification for such disobedience; the executive would have shown its predisposition and posture for the rule of law by complying immediately with the orders while also pursuing and exercising its right of appeal for a stay of execution of those orders.
It will however be counterproductive and self-serving to sum up based on these two cases that the totality of this administration's drive towards the prevention of anarchy amounted to a complete disregard for the rule of law. I am not an advocate of executive lawlessness or arbitrariness; we are all stakeholders in issues of governance and as such we can put the government in check when there is a likelihood of it going above board to ensure the protection of the entire citizenry as intended in the Sowore's case. We can do this by voicing out our genuine concerns as joint stakeholders in the Nigerian project.
How does this persistent disobedience to court orders tell on the image of Nigeria?
I want to point out that disobedience to court orders is capable of diminishing the confidence of foreign investors in investing in the economy because of the fear that such investments may not be insulated by any known mechanism of the law which are unenforceable in case of a likely breach of agreement.
Of a fact, I am aware that most arbitration clauses contained in agreements with foreign businesses usually stipulate that the venue of arbitration in the event of a dispute should be overseas and not Nigeria.
You mentioned that the duty of protecting the fundamental rights of citizens rests with the three arms of government, even as the media also has a role to play. What exactly can the media do?
The media should ensure a dispassionate and objective dissemination of information at all times to the citizens. The government should endeavour to constantly engage the media so that it will not suffer perception issues. The freedom of the Press is non-negotiable and paramount in a constitutional democracy and its protection must be guaranteed at all times; an attempt to gag the press or criminalise free speech is an invitation to the rejection of governmental authority which is entrusted in the government by the people.
Freedom of speech which is also provided under this section must be respected, citizens must be educated by the Press that every right comes with its corresponding duty and responsibility; free speech therefore should not be construed to mean license to make careless, reckless and violence evoking statements.
Allegations of nepotism and sectionalism continue to trail the President Buhari-led government. What can you say about that?
I want to emphasise that good governance is not ensured by leaders alone but also built by the trust reposed in the leaders by the citizenry. Thus, an inclusive government is based on accountability and trust in the institutions put in place for effective governance of the nation.
A lot of negative incidents have transpired in recent times in our national development which could be attributed majorly to the wrong perception of the government coupled with a shallow, almost non-existent feedback mechanism. Consequent upon this and as a matter of urgency, the Federal Government should shun whether covertly or openly all acts of nepotism, sectionalism and division which are some of the things the present government ably led by President Muhammadu Buhari has been severally accused of. The President who is conferred with the executive powers of the Federation by virtue of Section 4 of the 1999 Constitution needs to keep faith with Nigerians by showing that he is indeed in words and action, the leader of the entire country.
It is counselled that he should ensure that appointments indeed reflect the principle of Federal Character in recognition of Section 14(3) of the 1999 Constitution. The government should not only run an open-door policy but if possible, a "no door" policy which ensures a steady interface of the government with the people. Premised on this point, I will like to suggest that the Presidential media parleys should be held from time to time in order to stimulate healthy conversations between the President and the citizens.
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Tina Hassannia
Tina Hassannia is the Executive Editor at Movie Mezzanine and a Toronto-based writer and film critic. Her work has been published in The Guardian, The Globe and Mail, The Village Voice, RogerEbert.com, and others. Her book Asghar Farhadi: Life and Cinema is available from The Critical Press. She co-hosts a podcast about Iranian film called Hello Cinema. Follow @tinahassannia.	Website: http://www.tinahassannia.net
All posts by Tina Hassannia
Another Way of Being a Woman
5 years ago	by Tina Hassannia
Tina Hassannia writes about Howard Hawks' seminal screwball comedy "His Girl Friday," now available on the Criterion Collection.
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Tina Hassannia reviews "Nocturama," a new zombie film, and another Isabelle Huppert performance in this TIFF dispatch.
TIFF 2016 Dispatch: "La La Land," "Re (Assignment)," and "Colossal"
Tina Hassannia submits this dispatch of a trio of films premiering at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.
TIFF 2016 Dispatch: "Personal Shopper," "Manchester by the Sea," and "Paterson"
Tina Hassannia submits this dispatch of the first few films she's seen at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.
The Ultimate Meta-Performance: Kate Lyn Sheil on "Kate Plays Christine"
The American indie superstar talks to Tina Hassannia about the performance process and her latest role in Kate Plays Christine.
Sofia Coppola's "Marie Antoinette" at 10
Tina Hassannia writes an appreciation of Sofia Coppola's modernized 2006 take on the story of Marie Antoinette.
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Tina Hassannia writes about Whit Stillman's 1994 film, now available on Criterion Collection Blu-ray.
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Boutique labels--including Criterion--speak up about why there aren't more female-directed films on home media.
On Asghar Farhadi's "Fireworks Wednesday"
An excerpt from Tina Hassannia's book, focusing on Asghar Farhadi's "Fireworks Wednesday."
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Tina Hassannia on the Preston Sturges screwball classic upon its platinum anniversary.


So, you had an accident that in your older vehicle. It's a bit banged up, but it still runs and that's all you need it to do. You received a check from the other driver's insurance company and you are mulling over what to do with it. Should you use it to get your car fixed or should you use the money for something else, bills for example?
Once you get the check from your auto insurance company, the decision to have your car fixed or not is basically at your discretion.
If you can live with the damage, then the insurance check is yours to do with as you wish, there is no stipulation that you have to spend it to fix your car. The insurance company will just pay for the loss you incurred just as long as that loss is covered. However, if your loan is still not fully been paid you may want to speak with your insurance agent to figure out your options.
This applies whether it is your insurance company or the other party's insurance company that pays for claim. This applies whether it's your insurance that pays or the other driver's You are in the clear, unless the car loan still has not been fully paid; in that case you might want to speak to your insurance agent about your next steps.
Your car was obtained through an existing car loan, or you lease it. Your bank will want to know that the car's value does not considerably diminish in value as a result of your decision not to have it fixed. You have the responsibility of letting your bank know about the damage your car has sustained.
Whether the damage is cosmetic or serious. You may decide not to get your car fixed if it is only minora damaged. On the other hand, if the damage is something significant that will affect how your car will run, it's probably a good idea to have your car fixed.
Whether it makes sense in your particular situation to have the car fixed. If you were already planning to get a new car and sell your old car, you may decide to just take the check to use toward your new car.


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Moe's Alley Presents: THE COFFIS BROTHERS w/ special guests
Sat Mar | 25 2023 Doors: 8:00 pm / Show: 9:00 pm
Moe's Alley , 1535 Commercial Way, Santa Cruz, CA
$15 advance / $20 day of show
Moe's Alley presents The Coffis Brothers with special guests!
Saturday, March 25th
Doors: 8pm / Show: 9pm
$15 in advance / $20 day of the show
THE COFFIS BROTHERS
With their newest record, Turn My Radio Up, The Coffis Brothers salute the glory days of the FM dial while planting their flag firmly in the present. Produced by Bay Area legend (and longtime Mother Hips frontman) Tim Bluhm, the album makes equal room for heartland rock & roll anthems, front-porch folk songs, and campfire-worthy Americana ballads.
Brothers Jamie and Kellen Coffis were raised in the Santa Cruz Mountains of northern California, an area whose woodsy imagery left a permanent mark on their sound. "It's all-American music," says Kellen, who shares frontman duties with Jamie. "It's rock, blues, acoustic folk, and country in there. As music fans, we go all the way back to the
beginning — to pioneers like Buddy Holly and the Everly Brothers — but we also look to artists like the Eagles and Tom Petty for influence. That's our playbook."
Please Note: This event is 21 and over. Any Ticket holder unable to present valid identification indicating that they are at least 21 years of age will not be admitted to this event, and will not be eligible for a refund.


On 04/29/2008, the United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit held that restrictions on student loan eligibility for convictions of a drug crime were not unconstitutional in a challenge brought by Students for Sensible Drug Policy. The court determined that a Federal Statute that limited eligibility for student loans if a student was convicted of a drug crime did not violate either the 8th Amendment or the 5th Amendment to the United State Constitution. Although the act was passed as part of a drug enforcement policy scheme the 8th Circuit held that the statute did not amount to the imposition of double jeopardy; loss of financial aid was merely a civil penalty.


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Launch Ramps
Attack on St. Michaels
Kayaking Inspired Gifts - Sales Help Support This Site
During the second British raid in the Chesapeake in 1813, St. Michaels was attacked by the HMS Conflict and successfully defended by local militia and a clever ruse.
The town of St. Michaels was the closest approach to the active regional center of Easton, home of many Chesapeake watercraft seeking safety from the marauding British fleet in the summer of 1813. The Brutish fleet and its complement of Marines are positioned themselves on Kent Island. Militia were garrisoned in the town of St. Michaels and patrolled the shoreline of the Miles river keeping sharp watch for British sails. Four guns were mounted in the breastwork constructed that spring at Parrot Point on high ground at the mouth of the Corsica River. The narrow river forced any ships sailing up the Miles within range of the cannon.
To protect the harbor. a log and chain boom was thrown across the entrance. This defense was also within range of the artillery. Two 6 pounder canon donated by Jacob Gibson, who had rattled the town with his prank attack, were place within the town.
Sent from Kent Island, the HMS Conflict sailed to St. Michaels and anchored off deep water point. Small boats were sent out to chart and sound approaches to the town, allowing plenty of notice of the British intentions. In the early morning of August 10 Th, the assault began. Landing 300 men from barges rowed up the opposite shore. hearing the orders of officers to their troops, the majority of American panicked and fled. The commander of the fortifications, captain William Dodson, and two others, Lieutenant Richard Kennemont and a slave John Stevens, stayed to fire a barrage of canister and scrap metal into the unsuspecting British corps, killing 19. The British rushed the position, narrowly failing to capture the three men, but silencing the canon at that position.
Meanwhile, barges from the brig made for the harbor but were stopped by the log boom. Canons were fired, but the heavy fog made accurate aim difficult, but several barges were hit. The British returned fire, but most of it missed the town as residents had blacked out their homes and hung lanterns high in trees on high ground behind the town. Most of the fire sailed harmlessly over the rooftops. Cavalry and troops were massed to repel British landing that never materialized. After about an hour, British troops withdraw to the HMS Conflict and returned to Kent Island.
EVEN THE BEST BOATERS CAN FIND THEMSELVES IN SERIOUS TROUBLE ON THE MILDEST OF DAYS ON THE WATER. PARTICIPATION IN THIS SPORT IS A STRENUOUS ACTIVITY. CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN BEFORE UNDERTAKING ANY SUCH ACTIVITY. PLEASE BE AWARE THAT EACH BOATER TAKES FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR HIS OR HER OWN SAFETY, AND IS TOTALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSESSING THE DANGER LEVEL AND ACCEPTING THE CONSEQUENCES OF PARTICIPATING IN THIS SPORT.
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Q: Session Validation - Spring Security with Microservices My current architecture for my web app has a gateway server that orchestrates a bunch of microservices, authorisation occurs at the gateway if a given principle is authenticated they can talk to some downstream services.
The downstream service gets hold of the required data to identify a given authenticated client. However spring securities default behaviour kicks in and throws the expected:
org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException: Access is denied

Given that I can use the session id and + XSRF token in any given Microservice to validate the user is authenticated and know which user is logged in (i'm currently using Http Basic).
My question is there a simpler / declarative approach that could be used in place of having to adding a filter to every Microservice to override spring securities default behaviour? (see my example Pseudo code)
See the attached diagram: Architecture.

Spring web security config for resource server:
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public SessionRepository<ExpiringSession> sessionRepository() {
        return new MapSessionRepository();
    }

    @Bean
    HeaderHttpSessionStrategy sessionStrategy() {
        return new HeaderHttpSessionStrategy();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.cors()
              .and().authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated();

        final SessionRepositoryFilter<ExpiringSession> sessionRepositoryFilter = new SessionRepositoryFilter<ExpiringSession>(
                sessionRepository());
        sessionRepositoryFilter
                .setHttpSessionStrategy(new HeaderHttpSessionStrategy());

        http.addFilterBefore(sessionRepositoryFilter,
                ChannelProcessingFilter.class).csrf().disable();
        http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.NEVER);

    }

    public SessionRepository<ExpiringSession> getSessionRepository(){
        return sessionRepository();
    }

}

Header values at the resource microservice:
KEY: cookie VALUE: XSRF-TOKEN=[token_value]; SESSION=[session_value]
KEY: x-requested-with VALUE: XMLHttpRequest
KEY: x-auth-token VALUE: a32302fd-589b-42e1-8b9d-1991a080e904
...

Planned approach (Pseudo code) attach a new filter to the spring securities filter chain that if given flags are true, allow access to secured endpoints.
**
 * A custom filter that can grant access to the current resource
 * if there is a valid XSRF-TOKEN and SESSION present in the shared
 * session cache.
 */
public class CustomAuthenticationFilter extends AnAppropriateFilterChainFilter {

    @Autowired
    SessionRepository sessionRepository;

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {

        boolean csrfTokenExists = sessionRepository.findByCsrfTokenId(request);

        boolean sessionExists = sessionRepository.findBySessionId(request);

        if (csrfTokenExists && sessionExists) {
            // everything is okay
        } else {
            // invalidate the request as being authenticated
            throw new InsufficientAuthenticationException("Invalid csrf + session pair");

        }

    }

}

A: After updating my spring boot parent to 2.0.1 Release and changing my spring cloud version to Finchley the issue was resolved by spring boot.
Note session repository and HttpSessionStrategy aren't required,
HttpSessionStrategy is now depreciated since spring session became spring session core.
Using the externalised config for redis and spring boot, all the dependant systems automatically use that cache for validating a valid session providing you have spring security on your class path.
Note if you are using the gateway pattern and Zuul Proxy ensure your proxy routes include the sensitive-headers: property in your app YML / properties, see examples below:
Example auth + gateway using Springboot Configuration of a shared session cache.

Auth Gateway

spring:
  profiles: dev
  redis:
    host: localhost
    port: 6379
  session:
    store-type: redis

server:
  port:   8080

zuul:
  routes:
    # local routes
    api:
      url: forward:/api
      path: /api/**
      sensitive-headers:
    # cloud-resource
    resource:
      url: http://localhost:9002
      path: /resource/**
      strip-prefix: false
      sensitive-headers:

proxy:
  auth:
    routes:
      resource: passthru
      ui: none
      api: passthru

security:
  sessions: ALWAYS

Some Secured Resource Server

spring:
  profiles: dev
  redis:
    host: localhost
    port: 6379
  session:
    store-type: redis
  security:
    enabled: false

server:
  port:  9002

security:
  # Never create a session, but if one exists use it
  sessions: NEVER
  # don't display the auth box
  basic:
    enabled: false

management:
  security:
    enabled: false


text:
For Someone Else
About Us Summary
Skydives
Special Domestic Violence Courts
Home/2. About Domestic Abuse/3. Our Domestic Abuse Services/Special Domestic Violence Courts
It can be a very stressful and isolating experience for a person when a case of domestic violence is progressing through the court.
The Specialist Domestic Violence Court (SDVC) process offers a specialist service to ensure victims of domestic abuse receive a fair service and that perpetrators of domestic abuse are brought to justice and held to account for their crimes. This system provides dedicated time for court slots to hear local domestic violence and abuse cases. The Magistrates sitting in the SDVC have been trained in domestic abuse as have the Legal Advisors, the Crown Prosecution Service, the Probation Service and the Witness Service.
Some of the most serious domestic abuse cases will be heard at the Crown Court. All of the support processes described above are available to the victim if the case is to be heard at Crown Court.
We also offer advice and support for any high risk individual needing to access protection within the Civil Law. This can include Injunctions (Non-Molestation Orders, Occupation Orders, Forced Marriage Protection Orders), Protection from Harassment Act Orders and Stalking.
We have therefore designed a system to provide a wrap-around service to high risk victims from point of crisis to sentence. Support offered includes:
Pre-court visits if a case is going to trial (i.e. the offender has pleaded not guilty) to ensure the victim is familiar with the court room and the roles of the agencies in it
Support for the individual affected to prepare Victim Personal Statements so that following a guilty plea or finding of guilt after a trial, the Magistrates will be able to hear about the impact of the offence on the victim in their own words
Your advisor will also attend trials with a victim to ensure they are fully supported at court
Special arrangements can be made for victims and witnesses. These can include separate entrances and waiting areas. In addition, the courtrooms will accommodate the use of screens and giving evidence by video link to help the victim give the best possible evidence and not be intimidated by the perpetrator
We also have a dedicated SDVC advisor who attends every hearing. They undertake a range of tasks including:
Liaising with court professionals to input the wishes of the victim if they are not at court.
Working closely with other advisors to understand the current circumstances of the victims whose cases are at court and if there is limited up to date knowledge they will contact the victim direct.
Advocating for the victim as there is often valuable information that would assist the prosecution that they do not know. For example, this may be about inputting the victim's views about whether a Restraining Order would be helpful for safety, proposed changes to bail conditions by the defendant or current issues regarding social care and children's concerns.
Advising court personnel on domestic abuse issues and contributing to a growth in their domestic abuse awareness
The SDVC process in Cornwall was launched in 2008 and operates from Truro Magistrates Court every Tuesday and from Bodmin Magistrates Court every Thursday.
We can also provide information about Family Court Children's Issues to include Contact & Residence, Parental Responsibility, CAFCASS, Specific Issues Orders and Prohibited Steps Orders.
2017-07-24T22:08:15+01:00|2. About Domestic Abuse, 3. Our Domestic Abuse Services|
Cover your tracks online
Did that just really happen?
Is this love? A teenager's experience of domestic abuse
Gypsies and Travellers
If you are worried about someone
1. Critical Information (4)
2. About Domestic Abuse (22)
3. Our Domestic Abuse Services (4)
4. About Sexual Violence (30)
5. Our Sexual Violence Services (13)
6. Children and Young People (16)
7. General Safety and Security Information (11)
8. News (22)
First Light is the trading name of First Light South West Ltd
Company number: 3440794 | Charity registration number: 1090457
Registered address: The Business Centre, 2 Cattedown Road, Cattedown, Plymouth, PL4 0EG
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compared with gold, please click on image.
Dental prostheses made of gold alloys are very expensive. As the price of dental gold is always linked to the actual gold price trend, it is incredibly difficult to calculate. In the last few years, the price of gold has risen considerably.
We can offer an alternative: dental prostheses made of the less expensive and also biocompatible NPM alloy - CoCrMo or titanium which can be easily processed using dental spark erosion.
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This means that the material costs for dental gold - depending on the design - can amount to 30 % or more of the total price of a dental prosthesis. When using NPM alloys, the material costs are, in comparison, below 5 %.


text:
A Group of MBA Students from Washington University Visited Our Hospital
A group of MBA students from Washington University visited our hospital on June 9. Yan Li, associate chief physician of emergency department; Xueqian Xie, deputy director of radiology; Lihong Lou, resident physician in IMCC received the group. The group consists of ophthalmologist, radiologist and clinicians who came with the goal of studying the hospitals in China. Dr. Li, Dr. Xie and Dr. Lou introduced the new emergency department, department of radiology and IMCC to the guests. Since most of students are doctors before becoming a MBA student, they showed great interested in the clinical work of Chinese doctors.
In addition, they were also astonished to find high-tech facilities we applied to improve the efficiency and patient experience. They asked questions focusing on the medical insurance system and the infection-control standard in China. Our doctors answered the questions and exchange views with them. The splendid hall of the new building and the well-equipped rooms and wards deeply impressed the American guests. They said that our hospital was the most modern hospital they had ever seen in China.
The detailed explanation of the hospital running and the well-organized visit help them better understanding hospital and were beneficial to their study in the future.


Does heat kill bed bugs? How what temperature kills bed bugs? How long must you heat bed bugs to kill them?
Today we're going to talk about killing bed bugs with heat. We've been killing bed bugs with heat for years through Greentech Bug Heat our green bed bug extermination division. And we're going to answer a few fundamental questions that we get regularly. Does heat kill bed bugs? What temperature kills bed bugs and How hot does it have to be? So stay tuned you're watching Greentech Bug Heat TV.
The simple answer is heat kills bed bugs! Heat has been scientifically proven to kill bed bugs and bed bug eggs. The question is how long does it take for heat to kill bed bugs and their eggs and what temperature must be achieved for a complete 'kill'?
A great deal of study has been done in recognized institutions in the past three years on this very subject.
Now there is real data backed up by leading scientific researchers that give us the answers we've been looking for.
Dr. Dini Miller Ph.D is one of a few leading researchers in the field of killing bed bugs with heat. Dr. Miller, among others, have concluded scientifically that not only is it possible to kill bed bugs with heat but that when properly applied, heat will kill all the bed bugs and their eggs very efficiently.
What temperature kills bed bugs? How hot is hot enough?
The next obvious question is... what temperature is required to kill bed bugs and their eggs?
Again, a great deal of effort has gone into studying this very question.
Heating a bed bug or bed bug egg to 122 degrees for less than 60 seconds will kill them.
However, reputable bed bug exterminators that use heat will routinely keep the home heated to between 140 and 150 degrees for hours. The reason for this is to ensure that the heat permeates into every crack and crevice in the home - especially behind baseboards, underneath air vents and deep into soft furniture like mattresses, sofas and lounge chairs.
Achieving the requisite temperature for bed bug extermination is best done via the closed loop glycol bed bug heat treatment system because that system easily achieves the required temperature kill zone quickly and it maintains that high temperature indefinitely without the use of propane or high-voltage electric heaters. The glycol system is simply more efficient and much safer than any other system.
How long does it take for heat to kill bed bugs?
The length of time that it takes heat to kill bed bugs and their eggs depends on the environment in which you find the bed bugs. Of course, the answer depends on where the bed bugs are. For example, if the bed bugs are out in the open say on the baseboard in plain sight, the heat of the treatment will directly impact the insect and it will only take a short time for the bed bug to die. This scenario is not the common one however. More commonly, bed bugs hide in hidden places and, as a result, the heat treatment company must ensure that the temperature achieved is sufficient to ensure that all the bed bugs and their eggs are exposed to the thermal kill temperature range.
Proper air circulation is achieved in the treatment area to ensure maximum hot air flow throughout the structure.
We use the most advanced bed bug heat treatment technology to fully eradicate the entire bed bug population in just one heat treatment. Our equipment is computer controlled and guarantees that the exact thermal kill range required is maintained throughout the treatment process. A proper bed bug heat treatment is achieved by utilizing the latest computer controlled technology run by an experienced crew. When you put these resources together the results are astonishing.


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Here at StarMaker we believe Ballet is the foundation for all other dance forms. We place great importance on learning the proper ballet technique. It is an art form that combines grace, precision, and fluidity. Through the study of ballet a dancer will gain strength, flexibility, better body alignment, and an over all confidence in movement.
Dancing on Pointe is the action of rising to the tips of the toes using specially made shoes. Dancing on Pointe requires strength and several years of ballet training. Participation in this class is by teacher recommendation only. Generally, you must be in our Ballet Intermediate Level II to be considered for pointe.
Age range is 3-6 years old. It is important to establish a strong base in ballet. That is why we begin our ballet training here at StarMaker in our pre-school programs, Twinklers and Kinder Combo Dance. Here they are taught the very basic ballet movements, such as Plie, Releve, Tendu and learning to stretch properly from their hips to their toes.
Typical age range is 8-10 years. Pre-requisite would be the beginning level classes or similar experience. Placement is by evaluation or instructor advancement. Class duration is 45 minutes. Students will be in this level for 1 to 2 years.
Typical age is teen, depending upon ability level. Placement is by evaluation or instructor advancement. Ballet is required for students taking any advanced level jazz or contemporary. A second ballet class is required for an advanced ballet student.
Solid black leotard and pink tights (no exceptions!). Ballet skirts are at the discretion of the instructor.
Black boy shorts are acceptable. Hair in bun secured with hair nets and bobby pins. Pink ballet shoes - canvas or leather.
Boys - Solid black jazz pants and white T-shirts. Black ballet shoes.
Ballet/Dance belt for boys 10 years of age and older.