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Home COLLEGE Top Medical Colleges in India – List of Medical Colleges
Top Medical Colleges in India – List of Medical Colleges
RN Khabri
Top Medical Colleges in India: In this article, we are going to tell you about the best government and private medical colleges in India based on quality of education, research output, industry interface, academic productivity, placement, faculty, and other facilities.
Students who want to make their future in the field of medicine and are dreaming of becoming a doctor, they need to work hard.
Along with this, they also need to pay attention to which college they get their medical degree so that their dream of becoming a doctor can be fulfilled, for this, it is very important for the students to know about good medical colleges.
However, every year, lakhs of students appear for the National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET) for admission to MBBS, BDS and Medical PG Courses from a good medical college, in which the candidates get a seat in a good MBBS / BDS course medical college.
Top Medical Colleges in India, through which students can pursue their future by studying medicine and fulfill the dream of becoming a successful and best doctor. So let's know about the best medical colleges in India
1. All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)
Establishment: Year 1956
Racking: First (by National Institute Racking Framework, India Today and Outlook India, 2019)
Website: https://www.aiims.edu/en.html
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi is the best medical college in the country, providing all the facilities of world class with modern and advanced technology to its students.
This college conducts MBBS course entrance exam at All India level every year. Candidates desirous of taking admission in this college through this exam are given admission in AIIMS Campus in Delhi, Guntur, Jodhpur, Bhopal, Nagpur, Patna, Bhubaneswar, Raipur, and Rishikesh.
After this, admission is given under the counseling process on the basis of merit list. This college offers graduation, masters and PHD courses.
At the same time, students yearn to take admission in this college, because it is the number 1 college in terms of college placement, facilities, faculty all.
2. Armed Forces Medical College
Established: May 1, 1948
Admission Process: Must pass AFET, clear AFMC entrance exam.
Official Website: www.afmc.nic.in
Armed Force Medical College (AFMC) Pune is the first choice for students pursuing a career in the field of medicine.
Candidates desirous of taking admission in this college must pass the AFMC entrance exam. Along with this, the candidates are also required to pass the NEET exam.
At the same time, candidates get an opportunity to study only after meeting the criteria of the eligibility criterion of Armed Forces Medical College. For example, to get admission in the college, a candidate has to bring at least 60 percent number in 12th from any recognized school.
This college offers UG, PG courses in the area of Medkill. AFMC has been ranked among the top three medical colleges in the country by several reputed news magazines. Along with this, it has been accredited by NCC with A 'grading.
3. Maulana Azad Medical College (MAMC), Delhi
Establishment: 1958
Campus: 122 acres
Faculty: 426
Courses: MD, MS, DM, MBBS, MCH. MSC., Diploma etc.
Website: http://www.mamc.ac.in/
Maulana Azad Medical College (MAMC) ranks among the best colleges in the country in terms of placement, faculty and facilities. To take admission here, it is very important for the students to clear the NEET exam.
Admission in Delhi is provided to UG level programs, MBBS and BDS based on NEET score.
4. Madras Medical College
Courses: M.B.B.S, B.P.T, BSC, MD, MS
It is one of the oldest medical colleges in India, which is also a better institute for those who want to pursue a career in the medical field. This college doctor is affiliated to MGR University.
MMC offers many courses including MBBS, BPT, BSC, MD, MS. For admission in this college, students are required to pass the NEET examination, as well as it is necessary to fall on the eligibility criteria of the college.
5. Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
Website: https://manipal.edu/kmc-manipal.html
Courses: MD, MS, MSC, DM, MCH, PHD, M.B.B.S, M.Phill
Entrance: NEET
KMC is the first private private medical college in the country which has been ranked among the top 5 medical colleges in the country. It has been training medical practitioners since its inception. Admission to this college is also done on the basis of NEET exam. This college provides UG, PG courses in the medical field to the students.
6. University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Delhi
Affiliated: Delhi University
Recognition: by Medical Council of India
Institute: Government
Website: https://www.ucms.ac.in/
It is a medical college counted in the best medical college of the country which is affiliated to Delhi University. To get admission in this college, students are required to give NEET exam, along with fulfilling the eligibility criteria set by the college. It is compulsory only then they will be able to take admission in this college.
The college offers several UG and PG courses related to the medical field. Along with this the college provides all facilities equipped with modern technology to the students.
7. Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College (GSMC)
Courses: Graduate, Postgraduate and Super Specialty Programs
Website: www.kem.edu
For students pursuing a medical career, taking admission in this college can prove to be a better option. Located in Mumbai, the college is affiliated to Maharashtra University of Health Sciences.
This college and hospital has many experienced doctors, who provide medical training to students. Admission to this college is also through NEET exam.
The college also offers many super specialty medical programs for its students including graduate, postgraduate.
8. Christian Medical College and Hospital
Recognition: Medical Council of India
College website: https://www.cmcludhiana.in/
Courses: MD, Diploma, D.M, M.S, M.B.B.S, MCH.
This college is also included in the list of top medical colleges in India. It offers a variety of graduation and post graduation programs to its students. Admission to this college is also through NEET.
9. Christian Medical College, Vellore
Private or Governmental: Private Research Institute
Admission Criteria: NEET UG: MBBS, NEET PG: MD & MS Computer Based Test /
Assessment Test / Interview for other courses
Website: https://www.cmch-vellore.edu/
Christian Medical College (CMC) is located in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, which is affiliated to Dr. MGR Medical University, Tamil Nadu. The college provides various UG, PG and doctoral courses related to medicine, surgery and nursing for the students.
CMC offers 64 courses in Vellore, 6 streams such as – Medical, Paramedical, Pharmacy, Nursing, Science, Dental and 12 degree courses like MBBS, BSC, BPT, BOT, MD etc.
10. Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER)
Rating: AAAA
Official website: www.jipmer.edu.in
Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) is a very good medical college in terms of reading and learning new things on campus. Which offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
JIPMER in 37 different subjects MBBS., BSC, MSC, M.D / M.S degree offers. Admission to all the courses in this college is through JIPMER entrance exam, entrance exam is conducted online in various centers.
11. Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi
Campus: 68 acres
Website: http://lhmc-hosp.gov.in/
If you want to make a career in medical field, then taking admission in Lady Harding Medical College can prove to be a better option for your future.
To get admission in this college, it is very important to qualify NEET. Along with this, the candidates will also have to take care of the eligibility criteria of the college. The college offers UG and PG courses to its students.
Let me tell you that earlier this college was named Queen Mary College and Hospital, but later it was changed to Lady Harding Medical College after the name of the college's founder, Lady Harding.
12. Grant Medical College – Mumbai
Courses: MD, MS, M.Pharm, M.B.B.S, B.P.T, BSC, M.Ch, D.M., M.Sc.
Admission: NEET
This may be the best option for students who want to pursue a career in the medical field. It is one of the oldest medical colleges in India and Asia in terms of medical studies. It is connected to four JJ Group Hospitals in South Mumbai.
This college also offers all medical related graduation and postgraduate programs. To take admission in this college, it is very important to pass the NEET exam.
13. King George's Medical University – Lucknow
Recognition: NIRF, DCI, NAAC, MCI, INC, UGC
Campus Area: 1000000 Square Meters
Entrance exam: UGC NET, NEET, NEET PG,
Courses: PHD, MBBS, MD, MCH, MDS, DM, MS, MHA, BDS, BSC.
Website: www.kgmu.org
King George Medical College was upgraded to the university and re-established in 2002 by the UP government. Whereas it was mainly founded in the year 1999.
It is one of the best medical colleges in the country. At the same time for many years this medical university was known as Pati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University.
The university consists of several other departments including the Department of Ophthalmology, Surgery, Pediatric and Neurology. To get admission in this college, it is necessary to clear NEET.
14. Bangalore Medical College (BMC), Bangalore
Affiliation: Rajiv Gandhi Health Science University
It is the only college in Bangalore that is affiliated with Rajiv Gandhi Health Science University. The college also offers a number of medical-related undergraduate and postgraduate courses, including Super specialty Courses.
Many hospitals are attached to this college including Victoria Hospital, Minto Eye Hospital.
In this, facilities are equipped with modern technology for medical students.
Apart from these, the names of other medical colleges included in the list of top 100 of the country are given below, which are as follows:
St. John's Medical College, Bangalore
Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad
Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi
Amrita Institute of Medical Science and Research Institute, Kochi
B.J. Medical College and Sassoon Hospital, Pune (B.J. Medical College and Sassoon Hospital, Pune)
Neel Ratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital (NRS), Kolkata
Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata
MS Ramaiya Medical College, Bangalore
Stanley Medical College (SMC), Chennai
Chhatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow
Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College Mumbai
Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai
Government Medical College, Nagpur
Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh
Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC) Belgaum
Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore
Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal
NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Nagpur
KJ Somaiya Medical College, Mumbai
Al-Amin Medical College, Bijapur
Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur
Narayan Medical College, Nellore
LLRM Medical College, Meerut
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
Vaidhi Institute of Medical Science and Research, Bangalore
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh
MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore
Puducherry Institute of Medical Science, Puducherry
Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla
Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune
Kovai Medical Center Research and Educational Trust (KMCH), Coimbatore
Government Medical College, Aurangabad
Era Medical College, Lucknow
Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College, Aurangabad
Padmashri Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Pune
Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad
Pt BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak
Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmednagar
GSVM Medical College, Kanpur
Medical College Baroda (MCB), Vadodara
Army College of Medical Sciences, Delhi
MGM Medical College, Indore
Azizia Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kollam
Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Patiala
NRI Medical College, Guntur
Vardhman Mahaveer Medical College, Delhi
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur
Government Medical College, Surat
Baseshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga
Government Medical College, Jammu
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Medical College, Rajkot
Goa Medical College and Hospital, Goa
Terna Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai
AN Magadh Medical College, Gaya
Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur
Mrs. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad
Guwahati Medical College and Hospital (GMC), Guwahati
Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar
Raja Rajeshwari Medical College, Bangalore
Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore
Government Medical College Patiala
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation Medical Education Trust Medical College
Shri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar
JJM Medical College, Davangere
Government Medical College, Kottayam
Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan
Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Hubli
Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Kanchipuram
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala
KMCT Medical College, Kozhikode
Calicut Medical College, Calicut
SDM Medical College, Dharwad
Sevatha Medical College, Chennai
Padmashri Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Mumbai
Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai
Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar
Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur
Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda
KS Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore
By taking admission in medical courses in the above colleges, not only students can fulfill their dream of becoming doctors but can also build their better future.
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While we certainly have many options when it comes to room cooling devices, most of them have not cost friendly. Fortunately, there exist options that are not only cheaper to buy but are also effective in room cooling without spiking your energy expenditure. Some of the best room cooling technologies available to us today are window fans.
Window fans are a type of fans that are positioned on windows and provide a cooling effect by pulling cool air from the outside while driving out hot air from the home. As such, they are more energy efficient as they do not have to work as hard as other fans to provide the same cooling effect.
Nevertheless, all window fans are not equal. Therefore, it is imperative that you choose the best device for your home. Looking for the best window fan? Our experts have compiled this following guide to assist you in making the right decision.
While window fans can come in handy with their efficiency and cost-effectiveness, not all of them are made exceptionally well. Some can be a pain to clean and there's just too many of them that won't last more than just a year. As they can get exposed to the elements, you shouldn't really count on these items to last forever. This is why we've figured out that the best way to find the window fan is by opting for something sturdy with a friendly price tag. We've taken it upon ourselves to scour the web for user feedback and product information to learn about which window fans work best. Through hours of research, we've made sure to pick the ones that are not only reliable and effective in improving your home's ventilation but also ones that you won't mind having for just a couple of years. We can certainly promise that our picks are among the finest options in the market today.
Do you live somewhere warm? Does your kitchen get too stuffy even with the windows open? Is a regular fan not enough to cool most of your rooms? If you answered yes to all of these questions, then you need a window fan because your home needs better ventilation.
Are you bothered with your electric bills shooting up every time you turn on the AC? If yes, you also need a window fan as it can effectively offer a cheaper alternative to running the air conditioning all day long. The best twin window fan can efficiently pull in cool air from the outside and then pull out the hot air in your home. While it doesn't really do much for humidity, it can still help cool your home without spending so much on utility bills.
One of the most important things to know about window fans is that they may not exactly work the same way for every home. Some houses can get the best benefits from these appliances, while others might get the opposite of its intended effect.
Do you have windows that take a good amount of breeze? Is the outside temperature in your area cooler than indoor temperatures? Are your windows away from garbage piles and other things with foul odor? If you can answer yes to all of these, then your home can actually benefit from a window fan.
To know what kind of window fan you want and need for your home, you might first want to get to know your options. You can choose from single reversible fans or twin window fans.
The reversible fans come with a single blade that you can switch to either serve as an exhaust fan or to pull in cool air from the outside. The twin window fans, on the other hand, have two blades that you can set up to pull in cool air, push out hot air, or do both at the same time.
Twin window fans are heavily preferred by many because of its efficiency. By simultaneously pulling in cool air and pushing out hot air, it can definitely do more for your home's cooling. As the two types aren't that far apart in terms of prices, you might want to go for the twin type instead.
For homes with smaller windows, dedicated window fans can also be good cooling solutions. One fan can be set up to pull in cool air and another can be used to solely pull out hot air in stuffy rooms. It all really depends on the air circulation situation of your home, so make sure to weigh your options carefully.
A lot of window fans are placed in kitchens as these rooms tend to heat up most often. The best dual window fans can work best in these areas.However, if you want to use single window fans in different areas, you can also do so. To get the best results, place the inward-blowing fan in a shady window. If it gets a good amount of breeze, the better option it is. It's also best to place these fans on the ground floor of your home. Don't put it near garbage bins or parking lots, though, as doing so will pull in bad odors as well. For outward-blowing fans, place them on sunny areas or upper floors.
This largely depends on how big your home is and the purpose of your window fan installation. In some homes, a single unit of dual window fans is already enough to cool the kitchen or bedroom. Some like to put one in each room as well. To know the best answer for this question, you should assess your home's cooling needs.
The best thing about single and dual window fans is that they come in lots of different sizes. The best way to find the right match for your home is by measuring your windows to know which ones will fit. You can also opt for a smaller unit since there are extenders that will secure the fan into place. They also seal off the space in between the fan and your window frame, ensuring optimal airflow.
As experts say, the more powerful the fan, the more effective it will be to pull in cool air and push out warm air. However, you should still assess the room's needs as an overly powerful fan can be very overwhelming. To know just how powerful a window fan can be, look at its CFM (cubic feet per minute) rating. This will tell you how much air the fan can move.
Do you want a window fan that can do more than just blow air? There are tons of different extra features various models offer. You might want to look for the more useful ones like remote control, variable fan speed, or even a thermostat among other things. Be careful of products with too many bells and whistles, though. They might not really offer better performance but only heavier price tags.
Does white noise bother you? One of the drawbacks of fans is that they can create some noise while in operation. This is particularly true if it's set in the highest fan setting. This shouldn't be bothersome as long as they don't exceed 60 decibels which is the same volume of a normal conversation. Considering that you won't really always place your head right next to the fan, this volume can get lower and less noticeable even more.
The Air King 9166F is the most expensive window fan on the list. That's because it generates an impressive airflow. Paired with an industrial grade motor and 20" blades, it delivers a high velocity of air. With the blades rotating at 1600 RPMs and 170 watts of power, this unit cranks out 35 cubic feet of air per minute.
For easy mounting, this model comes with adjustable metal plates. The panel extends from 27" to 38" inside window frames. Unlike standard models, the Air King 9166F mounts with a Storm Guard, which closes behind the unit. With the Storm Guard, you don't have to worry about rain and pests entering inside.
Beyond its impact-resistant plastic housing lie powder-coated steel blades. Air moves rapidly through multiple rooms. The unit has controls to operate the intake and exhaust features to low, medium, and high. With a reversible exhaust function, you can remove hot air from the house before turning on the fan.
Even if you have an air conditioner, using the exhaust is extremely cost-effective. When you use the fan's exhaust to get rid of the warm air, the AC doesn't have to work as hard. In most cases, it only takes about 30 minutes to remove hot air from your home. Then, it takes about 15-20 minutes to cool the house down.
On the downside, the noise can become distracting. The unit reaches up to 64 decibels when operating at high speeds. Still, user feedback is encouraging. Owners appreciate the fan's ability to circulate fresh air through the entire home. Key features include a front-mount rotary control and easy installation. Plus, the unit is OSHA and ETL compliant and comes backed by a one-year limited warranty.
Very powerful window fan. It can cover a large room of 1800 sq.ft without any trouble.
It's whisper quiet in operation on different speed setting.
Perfect exhaust fan for vent hood while you are cooking.
It cools down the room effectively. It takes approximately 20 min to cool down room temperature to 6 degrees lower.
This AirKing model weighs 33 pounds, which would make it somewhat difficult for certain individuals to carry up and down the stairs, or around the house.
Due to the large size, it will block the view outside.
Can be noisy at high speed, but it might not need to be used as it is powerful and effective at low speed just as well.
The Bionaire 2300 is among the most versatile window fans on the market. This powerful window fan comes loaded with feature-rich components. For starters, its intake and exhaust features work independently and simultaneously. Plus, the twin fan comes with a remote control that allows you to make adjustments without moving from your seat.
While the Bionaire 2300 does not cool the entire house like the Air King 9166F, it does deliver a robust breeze. Built with 8 ½-inch blades, you can feel the air circulate from as far as 30 feet away.
The unit features a three-speed operation. With the unit's remote control, you can modify the speed and change the direction of the airflow without moving from your seat. A programmable digital thermostat cycles on and off to maintain the room's temperature. Additionally, it features an LCD screen to display the current room and desired temperatures (from 60 to 80 degrees). The numbers are visible in the dark so you can read the temperature without getting out of bed.
A bottom groove slides over the windowsill to guarantee accurate alignment. Modifiable side panels extend from 24 to 37 inches wide. Since the unit has two fans, you will need a double-hung or vertical-slide window for a proper fit. Casement windows require a set of brackets.
UL-approved, water-resistant motors it safe to operate while raining. Like the 9166F, the 2300 roars at higher speeds. Yet, the motor is much quieter (possibly due to low CFM levels). Users tend to agree that the intuitive controls and superb performance make the Bionaire 2300 worth the buy.
This model comes with a generous five-year warranty. However, a few users report that it takes months to get replacement parts.
Having thermostat sensor system in this fan is a great plus. This system saves a lot of electricity bills.
One of the quietest window fan. You may not notice any sound of the motor while it is operating. Perfect for having sound sleep.
Cools the room faster by pushing the warm air outside of the room.
You may find very difficult to locate the control system. Some customers complain that they only find the switch on/off bottom. They don't have any idea which bottom to control speed or thermostat.
There is no remote storage space in the fan. One may easily misplace the remote.
The lowest speed setting is too much low that you may think the fan is not working.
If you're looking for a budget buy, consider the Holmes Twin Window Fan. At a glance, it resembles the Bionaire 2300. Yet, with a manual operation, it comes with a lower price tag.
Equipped with dual motors and blade assembly, the HAWF-2041 stands 13" tall and is easy to install. Its major draw is its portability. Weighing less than 8 lbs., it moves from room to room with ease.
The Holmes fan is not as powerful as other window fans in this lineup. Still, it does an adequate job of maintaining comfort levels. Even with only a 400 CFM rating, it produces enough air to cool small and mid-size rooms.
Straightforward controls allow you to regulate the airflow intake and exhaust functions. You can run the fans together or separately. This model has a six-blade construction on each side. A dual-control knob adjusts speed settings to high, medium, and low. With a built-in thermostat, the window fan maintains select temperatures. Water-resistant, reversible motors prevent the unit from malfunctioning during wet weather.
Aside from its manual operation, this window fan has similar features to higher priced models. Designed to accommodate double hung and slider windows, it fits windows that span at least 25 inches. An extender screen and panel offer a custom fit inside larger windows. Locking clips secure the unit in place.
Customer reviews for this product range from "nearly perfect" to "better than most." Most users agree that the Holmes 2041 window fan is a smart buy. Mainly, it circulates sufficient cool air with the least noise. The Holmes 2041 comes with a three-year warranty.
The control panel is very clear, so, one can operate it very easily.
You can operate each blade individually if you wish.
It doesn't have any LED indicator light.
Little bit noisy when operating on high speed setting mode.
Not as powerful as Bionaire Window fan.
LED lights will really be annoying specially while sleeping at night.
Designed to fit both vertical and horizontal windows, the Genesis Window fan comes outfitted with copper motors. Since copper is a non-reactive material, the motor won't corrode due to inclement weather. Although copper tends to hold heat, this window fan comes equipped with Max Cool Technology. As a result, the fan doesn't have to struggle to cool a room or produce comfortable temperatures. Combine this with a durable plastic housing, and you have a nice little fan that will last a long time.
Compared to the other fans on the list, the Genesis Twin Window fan falls between the Holmes 2041 and 2021 models. Its powerful copper motor and 9" blades push air about 16 feet. A major difference between this portable model and the others is its removable stand. You can snap on the legs to convert it to a freestanding unit, or remove them for placement in a window. Also, a built-in carry-handle allows you to lift and move the fan with ease.
When it comes to performance, the Genesis WINDOW FAN does not disappoint. Like the other twin fans on this list, it boasts a reversible motor capable of drawing in cool air and pushing stale odors out of the home. Additionally, the ETL-certified unit can exchange cool and hot air simultaneously. Just use the two-button control panel to configure the airflow according to your needs. It has three speed settings (low to high) and five temperature settings (60 to 80 degrees). The fixed thermostat with LED indicator lights keeps it operating at a pre-selected temperature.
Surprisingly, the fan is the quietest when it is running on its highest setting. According to buyers of this unit, the fan hums when operating on low and medium settings.
Very easy to install. You have to put 4 screws in the window frame.
No assembly required just install in a suitable place.
It doesn't consume too much electricity although it has quite strong airflow.
It doesn't have automatic turning. You need to adjust the direction manually.
No automatic shutdown timer feature.
The Holmes Dual Blade Twin Window Fan is a convenient alternative to the Holmes 2041 model. This powerful, budget-friendly unit is one of the quietest fans on the market. It is also energy-efficient. In fact, it consumes only 53 watts of power on its highest setting.
If you need a simple fan without the bells and whistles, the Holmes 2021 model is perfect for cooling and removing smoke and odors in small areas. Place it in a master bedroom, office, or bathroom. At only 5 ¼ lbs., this fan can accommodate openings as narrow as 22" wide and 10" high. Thanks to the flexible panel and screen, it can fit windows measuring up to 33 ¼" in width. Its slim profile allows you to install it into windows without removing the screen.
This model doesn't have a thermostat to regulate temperature. Still, it delivers a pleasant breeze within minutes of turning it on. With a CFM rating of 320, the twin 6" blades can cool a room up to 500 square feet.
Instead of three-speed adjustments, the fan comes with a sliding switch to change the setting from low to high. Furthermore, there is no control to activate the fans independently. Although this model can pull in fresh air and expel stale air, it requires light manual labor. To reverse the airflow, you have to grab the fan by the recessed handle and flip it to the other side. The handgrip also makes it convenient to carry the fan into another room.
Overall, the Holmes 2021 is a reliable fan. Water-resistant motors operate safely on both the intake and exhaust sides. Moreover, this window fan comes with a one-year warranty that covers defects and workmanship.
Nice plastic blades. Size of the blade is perfect.
No more shooting daggers in the general direction of this fan at night as it is very quiet and the thoughts of the cost of operation won't keep you up due to its energy efficiency.
Extender panels. These allow for a custom fit for either slider or double hung windows.
It is only six pounds and carries handle is sturdy. Ideal to use as portable fan.
Easy to clean, all you need is a can of compressed air.
Does not come with a remote control for operation from across the room.
Unless you already have a thermostat in the room, there is no way to know what the room temperature is as there is no display for that function.
Each side of the fan cannot be operated independently of each other.
While our list doesn't include every great window fan on the market today, we hope that it can help you narrow down your options to the best of the best. This way, you can be sure that if you choose any of the products above, you'll be able to cool your home without breaking the bank.
It's entirely up to you which one to go for, though. Each product in our list is designed to meet different needs and efficiently cool indoor spaces. So if you go for any which one of them, you're guaranteed to get a high performing model. You certainly won't go wrong with any of our best window fan picks as long as it meets your needs, preference, and budget.


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Home World Jan 6 panel pushes Trump's prosecution in forceful finish
Jan 6 panel pushes Trump's prosecution in forceful finish
Sneha Pj
The House Jan 6 committee is wrapping up its investigation of the violent 2021 US Capitol insurrection, with lawmakers expected to cap one of the most exhaustive and aggressive congressional probes in memory with an extraordinary recommendation: The Justice Department should consider criminal charges against former President Donald Trump.
At a final meeting on Monday, the panel's seven Democrats and two Republicans are poised to recommend criminal charges against Trump and potentially against associates and staff who helped him launch a multifaceted pressure campaign to try to overturn the 2020 election.
While a criminal referral is mostly symbolic, with the Justice Department ultimately deciding whether to prosecute Trump or others, it is a decisive end to a probe that had an almost singular focus from the start.
I think the president has violated multiple criminal laws and I think you have to be treated like any other American who breaks the law, and that is you have to be prosecuted, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., a member of the panel, said Sunday on CNN's State of the Union."
The panel, which will dissolve on Jan. 3 with the new Republican-led House, has conducted more than 1,000 interviews, held 10 well-watched public hearings and collected more than a million documents since it launched in July 2021. As it has gathered the massive trove of evidence, the members have become emboldened in declaring that Trump is to blame for the violent attack on the Capitol by his supporters almost two years ago.
After beating their way past police, injuring many of them, the Jan. 6 rioters stormed the Capitol and interrupted the certification of President Joe Biden's win, echoing Trump's lies about widespread election fraud and sending lawmakers and others running for their lives.
The attack came after weeks of Trump's efforts to overturn his defeat a campaign that was extensively detailed by the committee in its multiple public hearings. Many of Trump's former aides testified about his unprecedented pressure on states, federal officials and on Vice President Mike Pence to find a way to thwart the popular will.
This is someone who in multiple ways tried to pressure state officials to find votes that didn't exist, this is someone who tried to interfere with a joint session, even inciting a mob to attack the Capitol, Schiff said. If that's not criminal, then I don't know what it is.
Members of the committee have said that the referrals for other individuals may also include ethics violations, legal misconduct and campaign finance violations. Lawmakers have suggested in particular that their recommended charges against Trump could include conspiracy to defraud the United States, obstruction of an official proceeding of Congress and insurrection.
On insurrection, Schiff said Sunday that if you look at Donald Trump's acts and you match them up against the statute, it's a pretty good match. He said that the committee will focus on those individuals presumably Trump for whom they believe there is the strongest evidence.
While a so-called criminal referral has no real legal standing, it is a forceful statement by the committee and adds to political pressure already on Attorney General Merrick Garland and special counsel Jack Smith, who is conducting an investigation into Jan. 6 and Trump's actions.
The committee is also expected at the hearing to preview its massive final report, which will include findings, interview transcripts and legislative recommendations. Lawmaker have said that report will be released Monday.
We obviously want to complete the story for the American people, said Rep. Jamie Raskin, D-Md., another member of the committee. Everybody has come on a journey with us and we want a satisfactory conclusion, such that people feel that Congress has done its job.
The panel was formed in the summer of 2021 after Senate Republicans blocked the formation of what would have been a bipartisan, independent commission to investigate the insurrection. That opposition spurred the Democratic-controlled House to form a committee of its own.
House Republican leader Kevin McCarthy of California, a Trump ally, decided not to participate after House Speaker Nancy Pelosi rejected some of his appointments. That left an opening for two anti-Trump Republicans in the House Reps. Liz Cheney of Wyoming and Adam Kinzinger of Illinois to join the seven Democrats serving on the committee.
forceful
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Just like a real paleontologist, your child can dig up 15 genuine fossils with the tools provided in this exciting National Geographic™ Mega Fossil Dig Kit. After excavating, kids can learn about each specimen (ammonite, dinosaur bone, sting ray, crow shark, mosasaur tooth, orthoceras, bi-valves, clams, coral, gastropods, coprolite and more) in the excavation kit's fascinating learning guide. National Geographic designed this hands-on archeology kit to inspire children with a passion for science and natural world wonders, making it a great gift! Kit includes a large dig brick containing 15 ancient fossils, learning guide, archeological digging tools and magnifying glass. SMALL PARTS. Not for u003c 3 yrs.
Bringing the Bible to life by making it FUN, these Children's Bible Puzzle Books, Set of 4, help inspire a love for scripture at an early age. Brimming with cute cartoons, clever riddles, lighthearted sayings and simple, meaningful "kid language", they help little ones learn about Bible characters, stories and more. Perfect for your children, grandchildren or Sunday School students, the set of 4 includes: "What's the Difference?" (36 puzzles); "Word Searches!" (12 puzzles); "Dot to Dot Riddles!" (14 puzzles); "Maze Craze!" (12 puzzles). Each softcover puzzle book provides solutions in the back. Approx. 5″ wide x 7″ long. Ages 4 and up.
Young treasure hunters can dig into this National Geographic™ Mega Gemstone Mine Dig Kit with the archeological tools provided—starting a collection with 15 awesome rocks and gemstones! After unearthing naturally formed crystals and gemstones from around the world, kids can learn about each specimen and how it's formed with a fun, fact-filled learning guide. National Geographic designed this excavation kit to inspire children with a passion for science and natural world wonders … creating a gift you'll feel good about giving! Gem mining kit includes a large dig brick with 15 gemstones, archeological digging tools, magnifying glass and full-color learning guide. SMALL PARTS. Not for u003c 3 yrs.


Hip hop idol group BTS released the their futuristic comeback trailer for their upcoming track "N.O." The video was shared through the official Big Hit Entertainment YouTube channel.
"N.O." is the main track from their next mini album "O! RUL8,2." BTS had previously released a concept trailer showing impressive choreography and special effects. For the comeback music video trailer, the members of BTS are students who are part of a futuristic school. The students learn from high tech gadgets and are introduced member by member, until they start to rebel about their authority and the system.
The music video for "N.O." and its mini album will be released on September 11. You can check out the track list and concept photos here.


We are pleased to announce that planning permission has been granted for nine brand new industrial units to let at King Street Industrial Estate, each of approximately 1,700 sq ft GIA.
Divided across two new buildings, these new industrial units will significantly improve first impressions of the estate by tidying up the undeveloped area near the entrance. They will also mark the completion of our development at King Street Industrial Estate bringing the final number of properties available for let at the estate to forty three.
Work is due to begin on units 27 to 32 in 2009. Five of these properties will be offered for let as warehouses, workshops or industrial units containing office, toilet and kitchen facilities. We hope to sub-divide the remaining property using glass partitions and offer modern, out-of-town office suites to small businesses from the surrounding towns of Peterborough, Bourne, Deepings, Stamford and Spalding The units and offices can be combined to create larger spaces as required.
Please contact the Estate Manager for further information.


text:
Q: Hazelcast QueueStore memory limit property is not working Using 3.4.1
I want to limit the number of entry in queue memory and thats why tried setting the memory limit property for queue store config but its not working. I think its not related if we set the property or not, still we will have all the entry stored in both in queue memory and Queuestore.
Find the code: https://gist.github.com/hitendrapratap/f8d27777f264c0966a39

A: Is the bounded queue what you are looking for: http://docs.hazelcast.org/docs/3.4/manual/html-single/hazelcast-documentation.html#bounded-queue ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Ulubey ist eine Stadtgemeinde (Belediye) im gleichnamigen Ilçe (Landkreis) der Provinz Ordu am Schwarzen Meer und gleichzeitig eine Gemeinde der 2013 geschaffenen Büyüksehir belediyesi Ordu (Großstadtgemeinde/Metropolprovinz) in der Türkei. Seit der Gebietsreform 2013 ist die Gemeinde flächen- und einwohnermäßig identisch mit dem Landkreis. Ulubey liegt ca. 16 km südwestlich der Provinzhauptstadt Altınordu, dem alten Ordu.

Bis zur Bildung des Kreises Ulubey bestand der Nahiye Ulubey (bestehend aus dem Verwaltungsort Gündüzlü und 31 Dörfern) im zentralen Landkreis (Merkez Kaza). Durch das Gesetz Nr. 7033 wurde Ulubey selbständig und bestand bis Ende 2012.

2013 wurden im Rahmen der Verwaltungsreform die 35 Dörfer in Mahalle umgewandelt und zu den bereits vorhandenen sechs der Kreisstadt hinzugefügt, so dass deren Anzahl auf 41 stieg. Diesen Mahalle stand und steht ein Muhtar als oberster Beamter vor.

Ende 2020 lebten durchschnittlich 444 Menschen in jedem dieser 41 Mahalle, 1.669 Einw. im bevölkerungsreichsten (Çatallı Mah.).

Die im Stadtlogo enthaltene Jahreszahl (1958) dürfte auf das Jahr der Erhebung zur Stadtgemeinde (Belediye) hinweisen.

Weblinks
 Geschichte des Kreises
 Fotogalerie der Stadt

Einzelnachweise

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The most exciting TVs coming in 2022: Bigger, brighter, with cool new features
it's part of the story coming year, Nerdshala has an eye on how the world will continue to develop in 2022 and beyond.
CES 2022 technically still operational, though COVID-small, rarely attended form, but important news about the new TVS Wednesday is out of the bag as the annual show. Most of the major TV makers have offered their biggest and best screens, talking about better picture quality and the like. HDMI 2.1, Mini LED And 8K resolution, Most will be familiar to TV buyers, while some that are really new, like QD-OLED, are mashups of existing words that still require lengthy explanation.
As Nerdshala's resident TV critic, I can connect with you in many places Reading They Tall the explanation, but this article is not one of them. Instead you'll get my best advice on what those new introductions mean and how, when, and even if it's worth buying a new TV. Let's dive
Do you need a new TV in 2022?
Unless your current TV is broken, no you're not. But if you want a TV in another room, or your current TV feels like it's getting taller in the tooth, it's worth it. screen is too small Or you want better picture quality or better Smart TV system, you can want to a new TV. And if you've saved a bunch of money to travel or work or eat out during the pandemic, you probably have a little extra to satisfy that desire.
Depending on how old your current TV is, a new model — whether it was released in the past year or a new TV announced at CES — could be a sweet upgrade You'll appreciate it every time you watch.
What is the best time of year to buy a TV?
starting in the fall, New models like the TVs introduced at CES 2022 appear in the spring and their prices are highest then. Significant discounts start in November and last through Black Friday and the holiday season. They'll be affordable around the start of the new year after CES (ie now), and sometimes the Super Bowl in February has the best deals on last year's TVs. Soon they will begin to disappear and will be replaced again by new models in the spring.
Buy the 2021 TV now or wait for the 2022 model?
It all depends on how long you can wait. If you want the latest and greatest technology, you're probably already set on the 2022 model. But if you want the best value, without losing much, a better move is to buy the 2021 TVs now, before they disappear this spring and summer. A 2021 TV at a given size or price will typically have very similar picture quality and features compared to its 2022 counterpart.
If you can't decide, and you're in no rush, wait until fall to get the best prices on 2022 TVs.
Which new TVs and features stand out from CES 2022?
Here's a short list of my favorites so far, based on prior experience and information provided by the manufacturer. Reminder: I personally didn't attend and watch any of the shows, with the exception of LG.
The 42-inch LG C2 is the smallest OLED TV ever.
LG C2 OLED TV: As the successor to my Editors' Choice TVs for the past two years, the latest version is the odds-on favorite to win again. The fact that it comes in a 42-inch size is great news for those who can't fit larger OLEDs in their rooms, but I'm excited to see how much the price drops on the 77-inch version Will go
Sony X95K Mini-LED TV: Last year the Samsung QN90A earned my respect as the best high-end alternative to OLED, but Samsung hasn't announced any specific 2022 QLED models yet, so this Sony is my pick for now. Sony has an excellent track record with full-array local dimming and is its least expensive model with Mini-LED. It won't be cheap though.
QD-OLED: First Sony And samsung TVs with a new feature OLED Panel by Samsung Display are going to be expensive, and I probably wouldn't recommend most people buying more-affordable OLEDs like the C2, but I can't wait to see them in person.
Sony Remote Finder: This is not a reason to buy an expensive TV, but it is definitely a good one and I hope every TV manufacturer adopts it soon. This allows the remote to emit a sound so you can find it under the couch cushion or wherever you may have lost it.
samsung gaming hub: I'm not into cloud gaming, but I like the idea of consolidating all game-related content in one place, including game mode settings and access to the console. There's also the ability to split YouTube videos and your games at the same time. LG's Game Optimizer was my favorite last year, and still offers more options, but so far Samsung's gaming features feel easier to use.
Samsung's new Gaming Hub for 2022 TVs provides one-stop access to cloud and console games.
What else does a 2022 TV buyer need to know?
Basically, it's early. CES is the beginning, not the end, of what we know about new TVs this year.
Brands that I have lauded as the best TV values, like TCL and Vizio, are yet to unveil their bread-and-butter 2022 models. Both are still selling their older TVs, including models I still highly recommend such as the TCL 6-series Roku TVs and the Vizio MQ7 series.
And if you're looking for a cheap TV that you can put in a kids' bedroom or guest room and stream smart TV apps with ease, my best choice is still TCL's 4-Series Roku TVs. Is. This venerable worker hasn't changed much over the years, and I don't expect any major difference when the new version is inevitably announced soon. It might get Google TV, but the safe bet is still Roku in my book.
My buying advice Will keep evolving as prices are announced, new models will appear and I'll have a chance to review them in person. Stay tuned to Nerdshala for updates throughout the year.


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The Johnson & Johnson Vaccine 'Pause' Is a Demonstration of Scientists Calling The Shots. The Media Should Stop Turning It Into A Win For Anti-Vaxxers.
April 13, 2021 Posted by Spandan Chakrabarti COVID vaccines health care Public health
This morning, the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control issued a joint statement recommending a pause in the use of the COVID vaccine made by Janssen, after half a dozen cases of blood clots surfaced in people who were administered the vaccine. The joint FDA and CDC statement calls this pause an "abundance of caution" until their scientists have time to review the data.
In a call with the media (video above), Acting FDA Commissioner Janet Woodcock said she expects the pause to last only days.
Some have reacted to the development by pointing to concerns that this level of attention given to what appears to be an extraordinarily rare phenomenon - just six cases were found in the US among 6.8 million people who were vaccinated through the J&J vaccine - could deliver a public relations boost to anti-vaxxers. While their concerns are not unfounded as anti-vaxxers are already having a field day on social media, as President Biden has made clear from day one, these decisions correctly belong in the hands of scientists, regardless of where the chips may fall.
However, precisely because the way the media is dramatizing reporting on this action - by acting like the vaccine supply has been poisoned somehow - it is absolutely critical that people understand what is actually happening here. I will try to provide some context.
YOU ARE LITERALLY TWICE AS LIKELY TO BE STRUCK BY LIGHTNING THAN GET A BLOOD CLOT FROM A VACCINE
First and foremost, as has been already mentioned, the occurrence of the blood clot associated with vaccine administration is exceedingly rare, literally less than one in a million. Six cases have been reported out of 6.8 million vaccinated. Compare that to the risk of actually contracting COVID, which presents a better than one-in-five chance of developing a blood clot.
Heck, according to the same CDC that has recommended a pause, the chances of getting struck by lightning in a given year is literally twice as high: 1 in 500,000.
Second, no medical data has yet established that the blood clots and the vaccination are causally related, i.e. that the vaccine is actually causing the blood clots. A myriad of medical conditions are associated with blood clots, including pregnancy, obesity, and certain medications, according to the Mayo Clinic. All six reported cases have been among women of childbearing age.
The fact that the risk is exceedingly rare (and may or may not be associated with the vaccine at all) is also accentuated by the fact that the FDA did not revoke the emergency use authorization - even temporarily - that makes this and other vaccines available in the market.
THE PAUSE IS TO GIVE MEDICAL PROVIDERS THE RIGHT TOOLS AND TIME TO PREPARE FOR PROPER TREATMENT
In fact, the FDA-CDC statement is much more about providing guidance to individuals and healthcare providers about what symptoms to look for, and in case the one-in-a-million side effect does develop from the vaccine, how to treat it. The pause, the joint statement says, is necessary so that health care providers can fully prepare to deal with this type of blood clot, which is similar to blood clots that have been observed with the yet-to-be-FDA-approved AstraZeneca vaccine and requires treatment different from standard blood clot medication, not because the safety and efficacy of the vaccine has been called into serious question (at the present moment, it has not).
The joint statement reads:
"Treatment of this specific type of blood clot is different from the treatment that might typically be administered. Usually, an anticoagulant drug called heparin is used to treat blood clots. In this setting, administration of heparin may be dangerous, and alternative treatments need to be given.
"[...] This is important, in part, to ensure that the health care provider community is aware of the potential for these adverse events and can plan for proper recognition and management due to the unique treatment required with this type of blood clot."
Treatment and diagnostic options was also the primary focus of the joint briefing that the FDA and CDC provided today on the subject.
The bottom line is this: vaccines in general remain safe and effective, approved COVID vaccines specifically remain safe and extremely effective, and in every likelihood, the J&J vaccine remains greatly safe and highly effective.
The bottom line also is this: the FDA and CDC's relentless focus on safety - to the point of even what some would call an overcautious approach - should improve public confidence in vaccines that scientists back. It tells us that scientists working for this administration are completely free to call the shots as they see fit with no political interference. It tells us that those scientists are on the game 24/7 and are hyper-focused on safety.
Turning this extraordinary story of government scientists doing their jobs and public health experts investigating even a whiff of a possibility of adverse reaction into a reason why vaccines are to be doubted - as much of the coverage today has done - is nothing short of promoting crazy anti-vaxxer propaganda.
Don't fall for it.
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Q: Do annealed energies underestimate quenched energies? In the physics of disordered systems, there are two ways to treat the disorder:

*

*Quenched disorder, in which the disordered variables are considered to be frozen with respect to the thermodynamic processes one is interested in. The variables are drawn from a probability distribution $\mu$, and subsequently taken as constant.

*Annealed disorder, in which the disorder variables are themselves thermodynamic degrees of freedom.

Suppose the disordered variables are given by $J$, a vector drawn from the distribution $\mu$. Let us write the partition function of the quenched system, with disorder variables $J$, as $Z(\beta | J)$, where $\beta$ is the inverse temperature. Further, denote expectation with respect to $\mu$ by $\mathbb{E}(\cdot)$. The partition function of the annealed system is then $Z_a(\beta) = \mathbb{E}(Z(\beta | J))$.
Literature concerning disordered systems points out that the average energy of the quenched system is given exactly by:
$$
\langle E \rangle_Q = -\frac{\partial}{\partial \beta} \mathbb{E} (\ln Z(\beta | J)).
$$
In contrast, the annealed average energy is
$$
\langle E \rangle_A = -\frac{\partial}{\partial \beta} \ln Z_a(\beta)
= -\frac{\partial}{\partial \beta} \ln \mathbb{E}(Z(\beta | J)).
$$
The latter quantity is usually easier to treat, but also incorrect.
I am curious about the relationship between these two energies. Specifically, I'm wondering if it holds that $\langle E \rangle_A \leq \langle E \rangle_Q$.
It seems intuitive to believe so, since the annealed system treats the disorder variables as degrees of freedom. I'd therefore expect that the Gibbs measure favors those values of $J$ that yield smaller energies on average. Moreover, numerical experiments where I simulate the thermodynamics of a combinatorial optimization problem (TSP) corroborate this. But I can't find any rigorous or even informal proofs of this fact, and finding one myself is proving harder than I'd thought.

A: I think I have a proof, but need some time to think about it. In the meantime, here is a sketch:

First, for $\alpha \in [0, 1]$, define the function
$$
U(\alpha) := -\frac{1}{\alpha} \frac{\partial}{\partial \beta} \ln \mathbb{E}(Z(\beta | J)^\alpha), \quad \alpha \in (0, 1],
$$
with $U(0)$ defined as the limit of this expression as $\alpha \to 0^+$. It can be shown that $U(1) = \langle E \rangle_A$, while $U(0) = \langle E \rangle_Q$. It then remains to show that $U$ is decreasing on $[0, 1]$. Directly doing this seems hard, but I've been able to show that $U'(0) \leq 0$. One can then show that $U$ is one-to-one on $[0, 1]$ for $\beta > 0$ (*). Together with continuity in $\alpha$, this implies monotonicity for $U$, and since $U'(0) \leq 0$, we have $U'(\alpha) \leq 0$ for all $\alpha \in [0, 1]$.

There are some details I still need to fill in; particularly, the step marked with (*). Once I'm confident the proof is correct, I will edit the rest in this answer.

Edit: it's all far simpler than I thought it was. Just assume the converse, integrate, and arrive at a contradiction to Jensen's inequality.


The Dorset Historic Towns Project report on Lyme Regis.
The historic character of Lyme Regis is closely bound up with the town's landscape and maritime setting, street pattern and historic buildings, which together contribute to its local distinctiveness. Lyme's historic core consists of both planned and unplanned elements, and the separation of the medieval town and the medieval harbour is very distinctive. The narrow winding streets in the centre provide a very strong contribution, linking the present town to its medieval past. Numerous high quality historic buildings form a major component of Lyme's historic seaside resort character.
The landscape setting is perhaps the most dominant influence, shaping the layout of the town and constraining its growth. The unstable nature of the ground, particularly near the coastline has inhibited urban development. The steepness of the slopes have made inland movement difficult and provide many vantage points to view the surrounding landscape and seascape. It is a magnificent backdrop to the town, enhancing Lyme's attraction as a seaside resort.


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444 F. 2d 752 - United States v. W Woodard M
444 F2d 752 United States v. W Woodard M
71-2 USTC P 16,003
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant and Cross-Appellee,
Jack W. WOODARD et al., Defendants, Dorothy M. Woodard,
Defendant-Appellee and Gross-Appellant.
Nos. 242-70, 243-70.
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit.
Karl Schmeidler, Atty., Tax Div., Dept. of Justice (Johnnie M. Walters, Asst. Atty. Gen., and Meyer Rothwacks and Crombie J. D. Garrett, Attys., Tax Div., Dept. of Justice, and Victor R. Ortega, U.S. Atty., of counsel, on the brief), for plaintiff-appellant and cross-appellee.
Towner Leeper, El Paso, Tex., for Dorothy M. Woodard, defendant-appellee and cross-appellant.
No appearances for other defendants.
Before BREITENSTEIN and HILL, Circuit Judges, and LANGLEY, District judge.
BREITENSTEIN, Circuit Judge.
These appeals arise out of an action brought by the United States to foreclose federal excise tax liens against real and personal property of Jack W. Woodard, individually, and against Jack Woodard and Company, a limited partnership. A complicated judgment was entered. The United States appeals from portions thereof relating to Western Oil Company and the Monahans property. Dorothy Woodard, the former wife of Jack Woodard, is the only defendant participating in the appeals. She opposes the positions of the government on its appeals, and, on her own behalf, appeals from the part of the judgment relating to her interest in Western Oil.
Jack and Dorothy had marital troubles. On December 9, 1960, and in anticipation of their divorce, they made a property settlement dividing their community property interests, including such interest in Western Oil and Monahans, on the basis of 60% Of the value to Jack and 40% Of the value to Dorothy. On the same day they formed a limited partnership in which they placed all of the community property described in the property settlement. Jack was the general partner and was entitled to receive 60% Of the partnership profits. The other 40% Went to Dorothy who was the limited partner. Forty percent of the value of any property acquired with partnership funds was to be credited as a further contribution to the capital account of the limited partner. On January 10, 1961, the District Court of Dona Ana County, New Mexico, entered a divorce decree and approved the property settlement.
On June 22, 1962, a delegate of the Secretary of the Treasury assessed an excise tax liability against Jack in the amount of $122,354.83, including penalties and interest, for the taxable periods between April 1, 1959, and December 31, 1960. Notices of tax lien were filed in a number of counties in New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas. Later, similar assessments were made against the limited partnership. Unimportant adjustments, payments, and credits were made. The United States then sued to foreclose and secure deficiency judgments. Disputes over the district court's treatment of various interests and payments caused these appeals.
We first consider the Monahans property. As the result of transactions of no pertinence here, Phillips Petroleum Company on June 20, 1963, paid the Internal Revenue Service $13,000 for the release of federal tax liens on Monahans. The I.R.S. credited approximately two-thirds of this to Jack's individual tax liability and the remainder to the tax liability of the limited partnership. In the district court proceedings the government claimed that the entire amount should have been allocated to Jack's individual liability. The district court held that Monahans was in the limited partnership and that the entire $13,000 should be credited to its liability.
The government relies on a chain of title which indicates that title to Monahans was in Jack individually. Jack, Dorothy, and their accountant all testified that Monahans was in the limited partnership. On the basis of the record we are unwilling to accept the chain of title as conclusive. It was a factor for the trial court to consider. The finding of the trial court which placed the property in the limited partnership is supported by substantial evidence, is not clearly erroneous, and will not be disturbed.
Next, we turn to Western Oil Company. This is a partnership created by a 1952 agreement between Jesse W. Williams and Jack W. Woodard. The wife of each joined in the agreement. The interests of Williams and Woodard were equal. The one-half by Jack was community property and was transferred to the limited partnership which was created in conjunction with the settlement agreement between Jack and Dorothy. The government contended that Dorothy's interest in Western Oil was subject not only to the partnership tax liability but also to Jack's individual liability incurred during the former marital community. The district court held that Dorothy's interest in Western Oil was subject to the tax liability of the limited partnership but not to Jack's individual, pre-divorce liability.
Dorothy argues that the question posed by the government was not within the issues tried below. We are not persuaded. The findings, conclusions, and judgment convince us that the district court considered and disposed of the question.
The tax lien statute, 26 U.S.C 6321 'creates no property rights but merely attaches consequences, federally defined, to rights created under state law.' United States v. Bess, 357 U.S. 51, 55, 78 S.Ct. 1054, 1057, 2 L.Ed.2d 1135 and City of New York v. United States, 2 Cir., 283 F.2d 829, 831. Accordingly, we must apply New Mexico law.
The first assessment under 6321 came more than 18 months after the creation of the limited partnership and more than 17 months after the divorce. The government does not claim that any taxes are due from Dorothy individually. Instead, it seeks to subject Dorothy to a tax for which Jack is personally liable.
The authorities cited by government are not conclusive. Denton v. Fireman's Fund Insurance Company, 10 Cir., 357 F.2d 747, presented the question of whether a judgment creditor of the husband could enforce the judgment against community property even though the transactions on which the judgment was based did not benefit the community. The parties were still married and the court applied the New Mexico rule that the community property is liable for the husband's debts. In the case at bar there was no community property at the time of the levy.
In Malcolm v. Malcolm, 75 N.M. 566, 408 P.2d 143, a creditor intervened in the divorce proceedings to establish a community debt. The court upheld the intervention and allowed recovery on the debt from the community property. In Greathouse v. Greathouse, 64 N.M. 21, 322 P.2d 1075, another divorce case, the court said that parties to a divorce action might bring in third parties who claim an interest in the community property, or the third parties themselves might intervene and have their rights established. This procedure was not followed in the instant case. The government was not brought into the divorce proceedings and it did not intervene.
The government urges that when the New Mexico courts have not passed upon a community property problem, they turn for guidance to California decisions. See August v. Tillian, 51 N.M. 74, 178 P.2d 590, 591. In Harley v. Whitmore, 242 Cal.App.2d 461, 51 Cal.Rptr. 468, 475, the court held that property awarded to the wife in an interlocutory divorce decree was subject to a judgment for a debt incurred by the husband during the marriage. So far as we can ascertain there in no New Mexico decision on this point but in Harper v. Harper, 54 N.M. 194, 217 P.2d 857, 858, it was held that, upon a division of community property incident to divorce, 'what was theretofore community property becomes henceforth the separate property of the respective spouses.' In the case before us the levy was made long after the community was ended and Dorothy's share established.
We do not know whether New Mexico would accept the California decision in Harley v. Whitmore, would reject it, or would distinguish it from Harper v. Harper. As we have repeatedly said, when state law is to be applied and there are no state decisions in point, we defer to the judgment of the federal district court of the state as to what the state courts would decide, unless we are convinced that the federal district court is clearly wrong. Caribou Four Corners, Inc. v. Truck Insurance Exchange, 10 Cir., 443 F.2d 796, and Stephen Industries, Inc. v. Haskins and Sells, 10 Cir., 438 F.2d 357, 359. In the case at bar we are not so convinced. The New Mexico divorce court approved the property settlement 'in all respects.' This was a final determination of the rights of Jack and Dorothy in the community property and was made many months before the levy. In the circumstances, we accept the decision of the federal district court that Dorothy's interest in Western Oil was not subject to Jack's individual liability incurred during the former marital community.
On her appeal Dorothy asserts that her interest in Western Oil cannot be charged with the tax liability of the limited partership. The basis of the argument is the claim that she was a general partner in Western Oil and that under New Mexico law she could not convey specific partnership property. The ready answer is that on substantial evidence the district court found that Dorothy was not and never had been a general partner in the Western Oil partnership. Dorothy had a community property interest in Western Oil and that interest was transferred to the limited partnership. Accordingly, it is subject to the tax liability of the limited partnership.
In each appeal the judgment is affirmed.


text:
extern zend_class_entry *zendframework_barcode_exception_runtimeexception_ce;

ZEPHIR_INIT_CLASS(ZendFramework_Barcode_Exception_RuntimeException);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Oracle / Plsql do I need to check that the file is saved? ORA-29280:
    ORA-06512: "SYS.UTL_FILE",  line 270
    ORA-06512: "SYS.UTL_FILE",  line 1243
    ORA-06512: line 9
declare
  fhandle      UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE;
begin

/*********************************************/
-- if statement  ( file1.txt check ???? )

  utl_file.fcopy(src_location  => 'location1',
                 src_filename  => 'file1.txt',
                 dest_location => 'location2',
                 dest_filename => 'file1_backup.txt');
/*********************************************/

  fhandle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN('location1', 'file1.txt', 'W');

  utl_file.put_line(fhandle, 'some text');

  UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(fhandle);

end;

A: You must write the name of the directory in uppercase.
for example
select * from dba_directories
where directory_name='DIR_VIKS'
-------------------------------------------------
SYS DIR_VIKS    /home/trs/viks/00001/XML/03_KRW

declare
  fhandle      UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE;
begin

/*********************************************/
-- if statement  ( file1.txt check ???? )

  utl_file.fcopy(src_location  => 'DIR_VIKS',
                 src_filename  => '120910X-001.xml',
                 dest_location => 'DIR_VIKS',
                 dest_filename => '120910X-001.xml.bak');
/*********************************************/

  /*fhandle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN('location1', 'file1.txt', 'W');

  utl_file.put_line(fhandle, 'some text');

  UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(fhandle);
  */

end;

before run script
oracle@esmd:/home/trs/viks/00001/XML/03_KRW> ls -l
total 64
-rw-r--r-- 1 viks00001 users 29425 2012-09-11 12:43 120910X-001.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 viks00001 users 29337 2012-11-08 08:26 120910X-002.xml
after run script
esmd:/home/trs/viks/00001/XML/03_KRW # ls -l
total 96
-rw-r--r-- 1 viks00001 users    29425 Sep 11  2012 120910X-001.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle    oinstall 29425 Jun 21 10:17 120910X-001.xml.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 viks00001 users    29337 Nov  8  2012 120910X-002.xml

If the directory name is lowercase, we get an error.
begin
/*********************************************/
-- if statement  ( file1.txt check ???? )

  utl_file.fcopy(src_location  => 'dir_viks',
                 src_filename  => '120910X-001.xml',
                 dest_location => 'dir_viks',
                 dest_filename => '120910X-001.xml.bak');
/*********************************************/

  /*fhandle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN('location1', 'file1.txt', 'W');

  utl_file.put_line(fhandle, 'some text');

  UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(fhandle);
  */

end;

10:13:01  line 1: ORA-29280: invalid directory path
10:13:01  ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 270
10:13:01  ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 1243
10:13:01  ORA-06512: at line 9

The file name must be in the same register as in the operating system. If the name in the procedure does not match the operating system, then we get an error.
declare
  fhandle      UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE;
begin

/*********************************************/
-- if statement  ( file1.txt check ???? )

  utl_file.fcopy(src_location  => 'DIR_VIKS',
                 src_filename  => '120910X-001.XML',
                 dest_location => 'DIR_VIKS',
                 dest_filename => '120910X-001.xml.bak2');
/*********************************************/

end;

10:36:13  line 1: ORA-29283: invalid file operation
10:36:13  ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 270
10:36:13  ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 1243
10:36:13  ORA-06512: at line 9

A: I solved the problem

declare
  l_file      utl_file.file_type;
  l_file_name varchar2(20) := 'file1.txt';
  l_exists    boolean;
  l_length    number;
  l_blksize   number;
begin

  utl_file.fgetattr('location1',
                    l_file_name,
                    l_exists,  --OUT
                    l_length,
                    l_blksize);

  if (l_exists) then
    utl_file.fcopy(src_location  => 'location1',
                   src_filename  => 'file1.txt',
                   dest_location => 'location2',
                   dest_filename => 'file1_backup.txt');
  end if;

  fhandle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN('location1', 'file1.txt', 'W');

  utl_file.put_line(fhandle, 'some text');

  UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(fhandle);

end;


text:
Detailsite
The individual's attitude towards breaks at work makes a huge difference.
(Vienna, 17th March 2014) According to the latest findings by Gerhard Blasche, relaxation researcher at the Centre for Public Health at the MedUni Vienna, the individual's attitude towards breaks at work makes a huge difference. This is because it is the only way to relieve the pressure at work and, at the same time, improve wellbeing and the ability to perform.
Breaks at work are becoming more and more important. A significant reason for this is the fact that pressure at work has shot up in the last 20 years. Breaks help to deal with this pressure. It does however depend very much on the individual as to how relaxation and breaks are observed at work thereby resulting in more tiredness or less. This is the central argument of a study recently completed at the MedUni Vienna.
For this purpose the study director, Gerhard Blasche from the Centre for Public Health at the MedUni Vienna, looked at how nurses feel at the start and finish of a 12-hour shift.
According to the initial findings of the study, it is above all the individually tailored breaks that make the decisive difference: the "attitude towards breaks" in a company is strongly influenced by individual employees. Says Blasche: "Those employees, for whom relaxation is more important, take more frequent breaks than those who accord it a lower importance. At the end of the day more breaks lead to less tiredness and a greater ability to perform."
A good "attitude towards breaks" benefits companies and staff
This brings benefits for all involved: from US studies it is well-known that more breaks at work not only benefit the employee but are also make sense for the employer. According to these, breaks do not reduce productivity but might even increase it.
Blasche therefore puts in a plea on the one hand for a workplace environment promoting breaks and, on the other, for more personal responsibility on the part of the employees: "At a time when everyone worked on an assembly line breaks were clearly defined. In today's service-oriented society at least the theoretical room to manoeuvre for breaks is much greater." It is in both parties' interests that this autonomy should be made more use of and encouraged more strongly by company and employees.
Better shorter, but more often – tips for the right break at work
A few simple tips to improve the working day:
• As a basic rule, you should take a short break at least every two hours.
• It's better to take shorter but then more frequent breaks: ideally a five to ten minute break after one to two hours of work.
• Fixed rituals help in taking breaks. For example, a fruit break in the morning or one, two small coffee breaks in the afternoon.
• And very important: you should not put off taking a break until you simply can't do any more from sheer exhaustion. That's when it is actually already too late. Breaks are better taken upon completing a piece of work or, at the latest, when the first signs of tiredness become apparent.
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SANDPOINT — Despite rumors to the contrary, the Lake Pend Oreille School District's proposed supplemental levy won't become permanent if it passes its March 12 vote.
According to Idaho law, a school district can propose a permanent override levy after seven consecutive years of voter-approved levies. This is only a possibility when the levies account for more than 20 percent of the district's general fund.
While Lake Pend Oreille School District has had a supplemental levy for several years running, it's only been in the past four that the total represented a sufficient portion of the general fund.
That has caused confusion among some individuals, who believe that by voting for next month's levy, they are also voting for a permanent override that would cause it to automatically refresh each year. According to school board chairman Steve Youngdahl, that is far from the truth.
"Not only is that not going to happen this year, it's a discussion we (board members) haven't even had yet," he said.
If voters approve this supplemental levy, it will mean that the district will earn another two years of a levy accounting for more than 20 percent of the general fund, bringing the total to six years. According to district officials, at that point, they could propose another one-year levy, followed by another vote the next year for a permanent override levy. However, Youngdahl said that was a prospect board members have not even begun to consider.
"We're still three years away from that discussion," Youngdahl said.
In addition, if board members did choose to pursue that path with local voters, the proposal's status as a permanent override levy would have to be clearly marked as such on the ballot. School officials would also detail it as such at public presentations and board meetings.
As for the currently proposed levy, it will draw $7,883,742 annually from property taxes over two years for a total of $15,767,484. That money will be used to fund about a third of school staff, all academic and athletic extracurricular activities and all technology upgrades and staff. That amounts to a raise in taxes of about $3.68 from the current $15 a month per $200,000 of assessed value for individuals with a homeowner's exemption. The vote for the levy occurs on March 12, so voters should show up at their regular polling place to make their opinion heard.


← Wine For The Fortnight – A Box Wine?
As many of the wines that have been involved in these scandals have been of doubtful drink ability even if authentic, the obvious solution is to buy wine to drink, not as a collectible. If you want to be a collector get into stamps or hummel figurines.


Designed by Charles and Ray Eames. In 1960 the Eames office was commissioned by Time Inc. to fit out three lobbies in the Rockefeller Center in New York. As well as complete interior fixtures and fittings the project included the comfortable Lobby Chairs and a series of solid walnut stools. These turned stools which (as Ray Eames originally intended) can also be used as occasional tables, have three different design details in their centre sections.
Available in three different shapes.
Solid walnut, glued together in several layers, covered with clear varnish.