Conditions for buyers improved during the third quarter, as home prices declined in many metropolitan areas, sales activity slowed, and inventory increased, according to the latest quarterly survey by the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS®.
Total state existing-home sales, including single-family homes and condos, were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 6.27 million units in the third quarter, down 12.7 percent from a 7.18 million-unit pace in the third quarter of 2005. Even with the overall decline, 10 states showed increases in sales activity from a year ago.
Among 148 metropolitan statistical areas included in the report, 102 areas had price gains, including 21 metros with double-digit annual increases, and 45 areas experienced price declines; one was unchanged.
He says the trend will likely continue into the months ahead, although there's expected to be modest price appreciation in most of the country in 2007.
The national median existing single-family home price was $224,900 in the third quarter, down 1.2 percent from a year earlier when the median price was $227,600. The median is a typical market price where half of the homes sold for more and half sold for less.
The market transition is good news for home buyers, says NAR's new president, Pat Vredevoogd Combs.
According to Freddie Mac, the national average commitment rate on a 30-year conventional fixed-rate mortgage was 6.56 percent in the third quarter, down from 6.60 percent in the second quarter; the rate was 5.76 percent in the third quarter of 2005. Last week, Freddie Mac reported the 30-year fixed rate was down to 6.24 percent.
The biggest total sales increase was in North Carolina, where existing-home sales rose 9.7 percent from the third quarter of 2005. In Texas, the third-quarter resale pace rose 8.6 percent from a year earlier, while Montana experienced the third strongest gain, up 6.4 percent.
The largest single-family home price increase was in the Salem, Ore., area, where the third quarter price of $228,000 was 24.7 percent higher than a year ago. Next was Elmira, N.Y., at $93,600, up 21.4 percent from the third quarter of 2005. The Salt Lake City area, with a third quarter median price of $216,300, increased 19.2 percent in the last year.
Median third-quarter metro area single-family prices ranged from a very affordable $86,000 in both Decatur, Ill., and the Youngstown-Warren-Boardman area of Ohio and Pennsylvania, to nearly nine times that amount in the San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont area where the median price was $749,400.
The second most expensive area was the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara area of California, at $747,400, followed by the Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine area (Orange Co., Calif.), at $705,000.
In addition to Elmira, N.Y., other affordable markets include South Bend-Mishawaka, Ind., with a third-quarter median price of $96,000, and the Cumberland area of Maryland and West Virginia at $100,900.
In the condo sector, metro area condominium and cooperative prices – covering changes in 57 markets – show the national median existing condo price was $222,900 in the third quarter, down 2.1 percent from the same period in 2005. Thirty-one metros showed annual increases in the median condo price, including eight areas with double-digit gains; 27 metros had price declines.
The strongest condo price gains were in the Knoxville, Tenn., area, where the third quarter price of $155,700 rose 29.0 percent from a year ago. In Wichita, Kan., the median condo price of $130,300 rose 25.5 percent from the third quarter of 2005, while Albuquerque, N.M., at $153,300, increased 21.0 percent.
Metro area median existing condo prices in the third quarter ranged from $108,200 in Rochester, N.Y., to $600,600 in the San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont area. The second most expensive reported condo market was Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, at $384,500, followed by the San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos area of California at $361,100.
Other affordable condo markets include Bismarck, N.D., at $109,000, and Greensboro-High Point, N.C., at $113,000.
Regionally, total existing-home sales in the South were at an annual rate of 2.52 million units in the third quarter, down 7.8 percent from a year ago. After the gains in North Carolina and Texas, the next strongest increase in the South was in Louisiana, up 4.5 percent from the third quarter of 2005, while resales in Arkansas rose 4.3 percent; four other Southern states also posted sales gains.
The median existing single-family home price in the South was $187,300 in the third quarter, which is 0.1 percent below a year earlier.
The strongest increase in the South was in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News area, where the median price of $243,800 was 16.9 percent above the third quarter of 2005. Next was Gainesville, Fla., at $215,200, up 15.9 percent from a year ago, followed by the Gulfport-Biloxi area of Mississippi, with a 15.7 percent gain to $154,400.
In the Midwest, total existing-home sales declined 11.8 percent to a 1.42 million-unit annual level compared with the third quarter of 2005. The strongest performance in the region was in South Dakota, where sales rose 3.1 percent from a year ago.
The median existing single-family home price in the Midwest was $170,500 in the third quarter, down 2.6 percent from a year earlier. The strongest metro price increase in the region was in the Wichita, Kan., area, where the median price of $127,900 was 15.0 percent higher than the third quarter of 2005. Next was Bismarck, N.D., at $140,400, up 7.4 percent, and Kankakee-Bradley, Ill., at $138,400, up 6.1 percent in the last year.
The Northeast saw an existing-home sales pace of 1.05 million units in the third quarter, which was 12.5 percent below a year ago. The median Northeastern resale single-family home price was $276,000 in the third quarter, which is 4.8 percent below the same period in 2005.
After Elmira, N.Y., the strongest price increase in the Northeast was in Atlantic City, N.J., with a median price of $277,200, up 12.0 percent from the third quarter of last year, followed by Binghamton, N.Y., with a median price of $107,400, up 10.0 percent.
In the West, the existing-home sales pace of 1.29 million units was 21.5 percent lower than the third quarter of 2005. The best performance the region was in Montana where existing-home sales rose 6.4 percent from a year earlier.
The median existing single-family home price in the West slipped 0.9 percent to $349,000 during the third quarter. After Salem, Ore., and Salt Lake City, the strongest increase in the West was in the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue area of Washington, at $372,400, up 14.6 percent from third quarter of 2005, followed by Spokane, Wash., at $191,100, up 14.1 percent, and Farmington, N.M., at $176,200, up 12.9 percent from a year ago.


text:
UPDATED: Elbakin.net Interviews Andrew Adamson
by Clipsie · October 12, 2005
Many thanks to NarniaWebber Halrandir for translating the interview. You can read the original article in French here at Elbakin.net.
Elbakin: Can you describe what it was like for you to work with four children as the main characters?
Andrew Adamson: At first I was a bit intimidated at the idea of working with children, especially because I hadn't spent a lot of time with adolescent kids recently. Actually, I found it to be better than I could have imagined. The children are very open with their imaginations, and that makes them such marvellous actors, they want to go where ever you want the story to take them.
What's your favorite anecdote about filming with the children?
There are so many favourite moments that it's impossible for me to pick just one.
What was the main thing you looked for when choosing the actors for the four principal roles?
I was looking mainly for children who were "like" the characters rather than actors who simply played them. In general, I spent some time with the kids to get to know them a bit better and find out if they were like the characters as I imagined them.
What qualities did you look for?
Honestly, I was looking for kids who basically were those characters so they wouldn't have to worry about acting, they could just be themselves. In Lucy, we found an adorable child who was empathetic and imaginative. In Edmund, we found a boy whose natural curiosity and tendency toward mischief, was a big part of his personality (Skandar would agree), in Susan we found a beautiful girl who is very smart and together, in Peter we found a boy on the midst of becoming a man, who was also good at being a caring and nurturing older brother, which William is.
Even for adults, certain scenes in the book are very dark. How did you work that out with the kids?
C. S. Lewis could write something like "I can't tell you how scary it was, or your parents wouldn't let you read this book." In the movie, we had to deal with the visualisation of these moments. They are dark moments, they are scary passages, emotional moments, and tragic moments. I wanted to bring them to life in a that treats the reality of life and death in these situations but in a way that wouldn't stop young children from appreciating the film. Children like to get scared as long as there is soothing somewhere, there isn't any need to be traumatising or too visual to obtain the emotional impact looked for by the book.
If you could be one of the four Pevensies, who would you chose?
That's very easy, Peter gets a cool sword from Father Christmas. Obviously, I would have most likely been Edmund!
What had the strongest impact on you during the shooting or post-production?
I think that the thing that had the most impact on me was my relationship with the children. Little by little, I began to feel the same thing for them as for my own family. It was such a intense experience that we all lived together, we'll always share it. I hope to stay in contact with each of them when they grow to accomplish all the marvellous things I know they're capable of.
What was your favorite scene to shoot?
Different scenes for different reasons. I really loved the difficulty of the battle because it was in the open and also a physical challenge. I loved the scenes between Lucy and Tumnus, because Georgie and James were so funny together. There were many moments where I knew were were doing something special: Susan and Lucy crying on Aslan's corpse – was mournfully beautiful; the White Witch dealing with Edmund was a incredible scene between Tilda, Skandar and Kiran; seeing William riding in the battle wearing Peter's armor. There are too many to mention them all.
Did you have any funny incidents during the shoot?
Many of them enter into the category of "you had to be there" : Tilda leading a band of Minotaurs in song – using her magic wand as a microphone – while we circled above them waiting for the sun to appear; making Skandar believe that he had to take part in a dance and having him repeat invented moves (which were rather embarassing); the four children making fun of my attempts to portray Mrs. Beaver off-camera; all the children begining to sing in the middle of a take to embarass one of the operators. I don't know if they're "really funny" for those who weren't there – but we laughed a lot during the shoot.
If you had a wardrobe like that in the movie, where would you want to go?
Narnia of course, but above all anywhere. I love the idea of going to any unknown place. There are so few places that are still untouched in our world that I like the idea of discovering new ones. I think that's one of the joys of cinema, to be able to visit imaginary worlds.
What is the biggest difference for you between directing an animation movie and live-action movie?
It's story telling. In some ways it's very similar. You figure out the best way to tell the story and then you work to get the performances. The whole time you are working to create the visual world for them to exist in. I found a lot of similarities, in different environments. The biggest difference is that in live action, you don't have to tell your characters when to blink, and in CG animation you don't have to worry about the weather, extend that metaphor out and it pretty much covers everything!
In which way was the experience of making "Shrek" helpful for creating a fantastical world like "Narnia" and working with an enormous amount of complex special effects?
We story boarded and did a lot of pre-visualization of the movie before we ever shot footage. That is something I learned from the way animated movies are made. I consider this more of a writing tool than a production tool because you get a chance to watch the movie before you make it, but it also helps with the complex effects. Obviously the other similarity was the CG characters. Narnia is populated with mythological creatures and talking animals. Although I wanted them to be photo-real in this film we employed a lot of similar animation techniques.
Read the rest of the second part in English here at Elbakin.net. Thanks to Ciboule for the heads up.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Find out what's happening at our church in the next few weeks, or even throughout the entire year!
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Saving money can be daunting for a lot of people and seems impossible to grow your savings. It is especially hard if you are living paycheck to paycheck or can barely make ends meet. I was one of those people, always knowing that I should grow my savings but there just didn't seem to be enough money to go around.
I finally decided to get serious about my finances and growing my savings. At the time, I didn't have much money to spare to contribute to my savings. I thought outside the box, instead of taking away from my paycheck, I decided to use other ways to contribute to my savings that didn't take away from my paycheck.
Here are some ways I contributed to my savings without sacrificing my much-needed paycheck and finally built a nice healthy savings account.
I contributed any unexpected cash I received to my savings. Whether it was work bonuses, cash gifts or tax refunds. I even turned gift cards into cash by selling them on CardPool.com.
I started using money-saving apps like SavingStar and Ibotta (sign up through my link to get a $10 signup bonus) among a bunch of others. When I had enough in my account to cash out, I would deposit the money into my savings.
I earned extra income by completing surveys online at sites like Survey Downline, Get Cash for Surveys, and Swagbucks. I also earned extra money by doing small tasks on sites like Fiverr and sold stock photos on Shutterstock and Bigstock Photo.
I learned to coupon and used techniques to get items for the dirt cheap or even free. I would put the amount of money I saved with coupons into my savings account. After all, it's money that I would not have if I had paid full price.
Related article: Couponing tips for Beginners.
I would sell stuff from around the house that I didn't need or use anymore. I sold gently worn clothing on Thredup, used books on SellTextbook.com and broken or outdated jewelry on SellYour Gold.
I earned free money when shopping online by using cashback sites such as Ebates (you will get $10 automatically deposited into your account by using my link to sign up), Swagbucks and MyPoints. I add these extensions to my google chrome browser to make it super simple to earn cash back on my purchases.
I've been doing whatever I can to make and save money and I throw every penny at my savings account. I now have nice healthy savings. Try out some or all of these tips to grow your savings without taking a bit out of your paycheck.
Once you start building your savings, you should also help your money grow faster by opening a high yielding savings account. I recommend CIT Bank. They offer interest rates nearly 17 times more than the national average. Why not grow your savings even faster with interest!!
Do you have any tips you would like to share on how you have used to grow your savings? Please leave a comment.


Download "A reading from the holy Gospel according to Matthew"
1 Matthew 5:1-12a Rejoice and be glad, for your reward will be great in heaven. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Matthew When Jesus saw the crowds, he went up the mountain, and after he had sat down, his disciples came to him. He began to teach them, saying: "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of heaven. Blessed are they who mourn, for they will be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the land. Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be satisfied. Blessed are the merciful, for they will be shown mercy. Blessed are the clean of heart, for they will see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God. Blessed are they who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for theirs is the Kingdom of heaven. Blessed are you when they insult you and persecute you and utter every kind of evil against you falsely because of me. Rejoice and be glad, for your reward will be great in heaven.
2 Matthew 11:25-30 Come to me and I will give you rest. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Matthew At that time Jesus answered: "I give praise to you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, for although you have hidden these things from the wise and the learned you have revealed them to the childlike. Yes, Father, such has been your gracious will. All things have been handed over to me by my Father. No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and anyone to whom the Son wishes to reveal him. "Come to me, all you who labor and are burdened, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am meek and humble of heart; and you will find rest for yourselves. For my yoke is easy, and my burden light.
3 Matthew 25:1-13 Behold the bridegroom! Come out to him! A reading from the holy Gospel according to Matthew Jesus told his disciples this parable: "The Kingdom of heaven will be like ten virgins who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom. Five of them were foolish and five were wise. The foolish ones, when taking their lamps, brought no oil with them, but the wise brought flasks of oil with their lamps. Since the bridegroom was long delayed, they all became drowsy and fell asleep. At midnight, there was a cry, 'Behold, the bridegroom! Come out to meet him! Then all those virgins got up and trimmed their lamps. The foolish ones said to the wise, 'Give us some of your oil, for our lamps are going out.' But the wise ones replied, 'No, for there may not be enough for us and you. Go instead to the merchants and buy some for yourselves.' While they went off to buy it, the bridegroom came and those who were ready went into the wedding feast with him. Then the door was locked. Afterwards the other virgins came and said, 'Lord, Lord, open the door for us!' But he said in reply, 'Amen, 1 say to you, I do not know you.' Therefore, stay awake, for you know neither the day nor the hour.
4 Matthew 25:31-46 Come, you who are blessed by my A reading from the holy Gospel according to Matthew Jesus said to his disciples: "When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, he will sit upon his glorious throne, and all the nations will be assembled before him. And he will separate them one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. He will place the sheep on his right and the goats on his left. Then the king will say to those on his right, 'Come, you who are blessed by my Father. Inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, a stranger and you welcomed me, naked and you clothed me, ill and you cared for me, in prison and you visited me.' Then the righteous will answer him and say, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you drink? When did we see you a stranger and welcome you, or naked and clothe you? When did we see you ill or in prison, and visit you?' And the king will say to them in reply, 'Amen, I say to you, whatever you did for one of these least brothers of mine, you did for me.' Then he will say to those on his left, 'Depart from me, you accursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the Devil and his angels. For I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink, a stranger and you gave me no welcome, naked and you gave me no clothing, ill and in prison, and you did not care for me.' Then they will answer and say, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or ill or in prison, and not minister to your needs?' He will answer them, 'Amen, I say to you, what you did not do for one of these least ones, you did not do for me.' And these will go off to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.
5 Long version: Mark 15:33-39; 16:1-6 Jesus gave a loud cry and breathed his last. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Mark At noon darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon. And at three o'clock Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani? which is translated, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" Some of the bystanders who heard it said, "Look, he is calling Elijah." One of them ran, soaked a sponge with wine, put it on a reed, and gave it to him to drink, [while another was] saying, "Wait, let us see if Elijah comes to take him down." Jesus gave a loud cry and breathed his last. The veil of the sanctuary was torn in two from top to bottom. When the centurion who stood facing him saw how he breathed his last he said, "Truly this man was the Son of God!" When the sabbath was over, Mary Magdalene, Mary, the mother of James, and Salome bought spices so that they might go and anoint him. Very early when the sun had risen, on the first day of the week, they came to the tomb. They were saying to one another, "Who will roll back the stone for us from the entrance to the tomb?" When they looked up, they saw that the stone had been rolled back; it was very large. On entering the tomb they saw a young man sitting on the right side, clothed in a white robe, and they were utterly amazed. He said to them, "Do not be amazed! You seek Jesus of Nazareth, the crucified. He has been raised; he is not here. Behold the place where they laid him.
6 Short version: Mark 15:33-39 A reading from the holy Gospel according to Mark At noon darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon. And at three o'clock Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani? which is translated, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" Some of the bystanders who heard it said, "Look, he is calling Elijah." One of them ran, soaked a sponge with wine, put it on a reed, and gave it to him to drink, [while another was] saying, "Wait, let us see if Elijah comes to take him down." Jesus gave a loud cry and breathed his last. The veil of the sanctuary was torn in two from top to bottom. When the centurion who stood facing him saw how he breathed his last he said, "Truly this man was the Son of God!
7 Luke 7:11-17 Young man, I tell you, arise! A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke Jesus journeyed to a city called Nain, and his disciples and a large crowd accompanied him. As he drew near to the gate of the city, a man who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow. A large crowd from the city was with her. When the Lord saw her, he was moved with pity for her and said to her, "Do not weep." He stepped forward and touched the coffin; at this the bearers halted, and he said, "Young man, I tell you, arise!" The dead man sat up and began to speak, and Jesus gave him to his mother. Fear seized them all, and they glorified God, exclaiming, "A great prophet has arisen in our midst, and "God has visited his people." This report about him spread through the whole of Judea and in all the surrounding region.
8 Luke 12:35-40 You also must be prepared. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke Jesus said to his disciples: "Gird your loins and light your lamps and be like servants who await their master's return from a wedding, ready to open immediately when he comes and knocks. Blessed are those servants whom the master finds vigilant on his arrival. Amen, 1 say to you, he will gird himself, have them recline at table, and proceed to wait on them. And should he come in the second or third watch and find them prepared in this way, blessed are those servants. Be sure of this: if the master of the house had known the hour when the thief was coming, he would not have let his house be broken into. You also must be prepared, for at an hour you do not expect, the Son of Man will come.
9 Luke 23:33,39-43 Today you will be with me in Paradise. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke When the soldiers came to the place called the Skull, they crucified Jesus and the criminals there, one on his right, the other on his left. Now one of the criminals hanging there reviled Jesus, saying, "Are you not the Christ? Save yourself and us." The other man, however, rebuking him, said in reply, "Have you no fear of God, for you are subject to the same condemnation? And indeed, we have been condemned justly, for the sentence we received corresponds to our crimes, but this man has done nothing criminal." Then he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your Kingdom." He replied to him, "Amen, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.
10 Long version: Luke 23:44-46,50,52-53; 24: l-6a Father, into your hands I commend my spirit. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke It was about noon and darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon because of an eclipse of the sun. Then the veil of the temple was torn down the middle. Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Father, into your hands I commend my spirit"; and when he had said this he breathed his last. Now there was a virtuous and righteous man named Joseph who, though he was a member of the council, went to Pilate and asked for the Body of Jesus. After he had taken the Body down, he wrapped it in a linen cloth and laid him in a rock-hewn tomb in which no one had yet been buried. At daybreak on the first day of the week the women took the spices they had prepared and went to the tomb. They found the stone rolled away from the tomb; but when they entered, they did not find the Body of the Lord Jesus. While they were puzzling over this, behold, two men in dazzling garments appeared to them. They were terrified and bowed their faces to the ground. And indeed, we have been condemned justly, for the sentence we received corresponds to our crimes, but this man has done nothing criminal." Then he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your Kingdom." He replied to him, "Amen, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.
11 Long version: Luke 23:44-46,50,52-53; 24: l-6a Father, into your hands I commend my spirit. A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke It was about noon and darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon because of an eclipse of the sun. Then the veil of the temple was torn down the middle. Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Father, into your hands I commend my spirit"; and when he had said this he breathed his last. Now there was a virtuous and righteous man named Joseph who, though he was a member of the council, went to Pilate and asked for the Body of Jesus. After he had taken the Body down, he wrapped it in a linen cloth and laid him in a rock-hewn tomb in which no one had yet been buried. At daybreak on the first day of the week the women took the spices they had prepared and went to the tomb. They found the stone rolled away from the tomb; but when they entered, they did not find the Body of the Lord Jesus. While they were puzzling over this, behold, two men in dazzling garments appeared to them. They were terrified and bowed their faces to the ground. They said to them, "Why do you seek the living one among the dead? He is not here, but he has been raised.
12 Short version: Luke 23:44-46,50,52-53 A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke it was about noon and darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon because of an eclipse of the sun. Then the veil of the temple was torn down the middle. Jesus cried out in a loud voice, "Father, into your hands I commend my spirit"; and when he had said this he breathed his last. Now there was a virtuous and righteous man named Joseph who, though he was a member of the council, went to Pilate and asked for the Body of Jesus. After he had taken the Body down, he wrapped it in a linen cloth and laid him in a rock-hewn tomb in which no one had yet been buried.
14 but he vanished from their sight. Then they said to each other, "Were not our hearts burning within us while he spoke to us on the way and opened the Scriptures to us?" So they set out at once and returned to Jerusalem where they found gathered together the Eleven and those with them, who were saying, "The Lord has truly been raised and has appeared to Simon!" Then the two recounted what had taken place on the way and how he was made known to them in the breaking of the bread.
15 Short version: Luke 24:13-16,28-35 A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke That very day, the first day of the week, two of the disciples of Jesus were going to a village called Emmaus, seven miles from Jerusalem, and they were conversing about all the things that had occurred. And it happened that while they were conversing and debating, Jesus himself drew near and walked with them, but their eyes were prevented from recognizing him. As they approached the village to which they were going, he gave the impression that he was going on farther. But they urged him, "Stay with us, for it is nearly evening and the day is almost over." So he went in to stay with them. And it happened that, while he was with them at table, he took bread, said the blessing, broke it, and gave it to them. With that their eyes were opened and they recognized him, but he vanished from their sight. Then they said to each other, "Were not our hearts burning within us while he spoke to us on the way and opened the Scriptures to us?" So they set out at once and returned to Jerusalem where they found gathered together the Eleven and those with them, who were saying, "The Lord has truly been raised and has appeared to Simon!" Then the two recounted what had taken place on the way and how he was made known to them in the breaking of the bread.
16 John 5:24-29 Whoever hears my word and believes has passed from death to life. A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus answered the Jews and said to them: "Amen, amen, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes in the one who sent me has eternal life and will not come to condemnation, but has passed from death to life. Amen, amen, I say to you, the hour is coming and is now here when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. For just as the Father has life in himself, so also he gave to the Son the possession of life in himself. And he gave him power to exercise judgment, because he is the Son of Man. Do not be amazed at this, because the hour is coming in which all who are in the tombs will hear his voice and will come out, those who have done good deeds to the resurrection of life, but those who have done wicked deeds to the resurrection of condemnation.
17 John 6:37-40 Everyone who sees the Son and believes in him may have eternal life and I shall raise him on the last day A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus said to the crowds: "Everything that the Father gives me will come to me, and I will not reject anyone who comes to me, because I came down from heaven not to do my own will but the will of the one who sent me. And this is the will of the one who sent me, that I should not lose anything of what he gave me, but that I should raise it on the last day. For this is the will of my Father, that everyone who sees the Son and believes in him may have eternal life, and I shall raise him on the last day.
18 John 6:51-59 Whoever eats this bread will live forever, and I will raise them up on the last day A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus said to the crowds: "I am the living bread that came down from heaven; whoever eats this bread will live forever; and the bread that I will give is my Flesh for the life of the world." The Jews quarreled among themselves, saying, "How can this man give us his Flesh to eat?" Jesus said to them, "Amen, amen, 1 say to you, unless you eat the Flesh of the Son of Man and drink his Blood, you do not have life within you. Whoever eats my Flesh and drinks my Blood has eternal life, and 1 will raise him on the last day. For my Flesh is true food, and my Blood is true drink. Whoever eats my Flesh and drinks my Blood remains in me and I in him. Just as the living Father sent me and I have life because of the Father, so also the one who feeds on me will have life because of me. This is the bread that came down from heaven. Unlike your ancestors who ate and still died, whoever eats this bread will live forever.
19 Long version: John 11:17-27 I am the resurrection and the life. A reading from the holy Gospel according to John When Jesus arrived in Bethany, he found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb for four days. Now Bethany was near Jerusalem, only about two miles away. Many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary to comfort them about their brother. When Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went to meet him; but Mary sat at home. Martha said to Jesus, "Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died. But even now I know that whatever you ask of God, God will give you." Jesus said to her, "Your brother will rise." Martha said to him, "I know he will rise, in the resurrection on the last day." Jesus told her, "I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in me, even if he dies, will live, and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?" She said to him, "Yes, Lord. I have come to believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, the one who is coming into the world.
20 G14 Short version: John 11:21-27 A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Martha said to Jesus, "Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died. But even now I know that whatever you ask of God, God will give you." Jesus said to her, "Your brother will rise." Martha said to him, "I know he will rise, in the resurrection on the last day." Jesus told her, "I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in me, even if he dies, will live, and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?" She said to him, "Yes, Lord. I have come to believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, the one who is coming into the world.
21 John 11:32-45 Lazarus, come out! A reading from the holy Gospel according to John When Mary came to where Jesus was and saw him, she fell at his feet and said to him, "Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died." When Jesus saw her weeping and the Jews who had come with her weeping, he became perturbed and deeply troubled, and said, "Where have you laid him?" They said to him, "Sir, come and see." And Jesus wept. So the Jews said, "See how he loved him." But some of them said, "Could not the one who opened the eyes of the blind man have done something so that this man would not have died?" So Jesus, perturbed again, came to the tomb. It was a cave, and a stone lay across it. Jesus said, "Take away the stone." Martha, the dead man's sister, said to him, "Lord, by now there will be a stench; he has been dead for four days." Jesus said to her, "Did I not tell you that if you believe you will see the glory of God?" So they took away the stone. And Jesus raised his eyes and said, "Father, I thank you for hearing me. I know that you always hear me; but because of the crowd here I have said this, that they may believe that you sent me." And when he had said this, he cried out in a loud voice, "Lazarus, come out!" The dead man came out, tied hand and foot with burial bands, and his face was wrapped in a cloth. So Jesus said to the crowd, "Untie him and let him go." Now many of Jews who had come to Mary and seen what he had done began to believe in him.
22 Long version.-john 12:23-28 If it dies, it produces much fruit. A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus said to his disciples: "The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. Amen, amen, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains just a grain of wheat; but if it dies, it produces much fruit. Whoever loves his life will lose it, and whoever hates his life in this world will preserve it for eternal life. Whoever serves me must follow me, and where 1 am, there also will my servant be. The Father will honor whoever serves me. "I am troubled now. Yet what should 1 say? 'Father, save me from this hour'? But it was for this purpose that I came to this hour. Father, glorify your name." Then a voice came from heaven, "I have glorified it and will glorify it again.
23 Short version: John 12:23-26 A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus said to his disciples: "The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. Amen, amen, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains just a grain of wheat; but if it dies, it produces much fruit. Whoever loves his life will lose it, and whoever hates his life in this world will preserve it for eternal life. Whoever serves me must follow me, and where I am, there also will my servant be. The Father will honor whoever serves me.
24 John 14:1-6 In my Father s house there are many dwellings. A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus said to his disciples: "Do not let your hearts be troubled. You have faith in God; have faith also in me. In my Father's house there are many dwelling places. If there were not, would I have told you that I am going to prepare a place for you? And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back again and take you to myself, so that where 1 am you also may be. Where I am going you know the way." Thomas said to him, "Master, we do not know where you are going; how can we know the way?" Jesus said to him, "I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.
25 John 17:24-26 I wish that where I am they also may be with me. A reading from the holy Gospel according to John Jesus raised his eyes to heaven and said: "Father, those whom you gave me are your gift to me. I wish that where I am they also may be with me, that they may see my glory that you gave me, because you loved me before the foundation of the world. Righteous Father, the world also does not know you, but I know you, and they know that you sent me. I made known to them your name and I will make it known, that the love with which you loved me may be in them and 1 in them.
26 John 19:17-18,25-39 And bowing his head he handed over his Spirit. A reading from the holy Gospel according to John So they took Jesus, and, carrying the cross himself, he went out to what is called the Place of the Skull, in Hebrew, Golgotha. There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on either side, with Jesus in the middle. Standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved, he said to his mother, "Woman, behold, your son." Then he said to the disciple, "Behold, your mother." And from that hour the disciple took her into his home. After this, aware that everything was now finished, in order that the Scripture might be fulfilled, Jesus said, "I thirst." There was a vessel filled with common wine. So they put a sponge soaked in wine on a sprig of hyssop and put it up to his mouth. When Jesus had taken the wine, he said, "It is finished." And bowing his head, he handed over the Spirit. Now since it was preparation day, in order that the bodies might not remain on the cross on the sabbath, for the sabbath day of that week was a solemn one, the Jews asked Pilate that their legs be broken and they be taken down. So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and then of the other one who was crucified with Jesus. But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs, but one soldier thrust his lance into his side, and immediately Blood and water flowed out. An eyewitness has testified, and his testimony is true; he knows that he is speaking the truth, so that you also may come to believe. For this happened so that the Scripture passage might be fulfilled: Not a bone of it will be broken. And again another passage says: They will look upon him whom they have pierced. After this, Joseph of Arimathea, secretly a disciple of Jesus for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate if he could remove the Body of Jesus. And Pilate permitted it. So he came and took his Body. Nicodemus, the one who had first come to him at night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes weighing about one hundred pounds.
three o'clock Jesus cried with a loud voice, Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani? which means, My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?


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Home Fossils New finding on origin of avian predentary in Mesozoic birds
New finding on origin of avian predentary in Mesozoic birds
The pink arrow points to the predentary and the blue arrow points to the upper portion of the jaw, which has no teeth. Together, they may have been covered by a keratinous beak, and the predentary was most likely mobile Credit: IVPP
The predentary bone is one of the most enigmatic skeletal elements in avian evolution. Located at the tip of the lower jaw, this bone is absent in more primitive birds and in living birds; it is thought to have been lost during evolution. For over 30 years, the origin and function of the avian predentary has remained mysterious.
Now, however, Alida Bailleul, LI Zhiheng, Jingmai O"Connor and ZHOU Zhonghe from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have made significant progress towards solving this long-standing mystery. Their findings were published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) on November 18.
Using a battery of analytical methods, the team, led by Dr. Bailleul, presents strong evidence that the avian predentary was covered by a keratinous beak—a horny sheath that covers the bones of the rostrum in all living birds, all of which are edentulous and have beaks. It also provides evidence the predentary was proprioceptive, i.e., it was able to detect external mechanical stimuli; and was mobile—thus representing a now extinct form of cranial kinesis.
Cranial kinesis occurs when joints are able to move within the skull—mainly between the upper jaw and the braincase. This feature is widespread in living birds; however, it is thought to be mostly absent in Mesozoic birds.
Based on her examination of the fossilized tissues of the predentary and other jaw elements of Yanornis martini from the Jehol Biota, Dr. Bailleul identified a specific type of cartilage inside the joint between the predentary and dentary that strongly suggests some movement between these elements.
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The team noticed that the predentary is only found in ornithuromorphs that have teeth. However, the tip of the premaxilla—the bone of the upper bill that would have occluded with the predentary—is without teeth. This suggests that the tip of the upper jaw, like the predentary, was also covered with a keratinous beak.
The tiny beak at the tip of the skull, combined with the sensitive and mobile predentary bone and teeth that were most likely also proprioceptive, represents a unique feeding adaptation that allowed greater dexterity when manipulating food. Although bizarre and now extinct, this unique feeding apparatus persisted in the ornithuromorph clade for at least 58 million years, from the Early to the Late Cretaceous.
Using information from the fossilized tissues and preexisting data on the embryology of living birds, the team also formulated a hypothesis regarding the origin of this bone, suggesting it is a sesamoid, similar to the human knee cap. Identification as a sesamoid means this bone is a novel skeletal innovation unique to one lineage of ornithuromorphs, and that it did not arise from a preexisting skull bone.
Although additional research on fossils birds (and also extant birds) is required to confirm some of these hypotheses, the predentary is such a small bone that it is only rarely preserved, thus making it very difficult—if not impossible—to find specimens that can shed light on the remaining pieces of this mystery.
Alida M. Bailleul el al., "Origin of the avian predentary and evidence of a unique form of cranial kinesis in Cretaceous ornithuromorphs," PNAS (2019). www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1911820116
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Note: The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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Published by McLing on March 18, 2019 at 9:49 am under Reading groups, Words Group.
Next meeting: Friday 22 February 2019, 1h30-3 PM, room DS-3470, UQAM, Pavillon J.-A.-DeSève, 320, rue Sainte-Catherine Est.
Topic: Bantu reduplication. Presented by Ben Oldham.
Published by McLing on February 18, 2019 at 2:20 am under Reading groups, Words Group.
Next meeting: Friday 15 February 2019, 1h30-3 PM, room DS-3470, UQAM, Pavillon J.-A.-DeSève, 320, rue Sainte-Catherine Est.
Topic: Locality. Presented by Richard Compton.
Readings: Embick, D. (2010). Localism versus globalism in morphology and phonology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Chapters 1 and 2.
Published by McLing on February 11, 2019 at 2:20 am under Reading groups, Words Group.
Next meeting: Friday 8 February 2019, 1h30-3 PM, room DS-3470, UQAM, Pavillon J.-A.-DeSève, 320, rue Sainte-Catherine Est.
Topic: Morphology before phonology (and infixation). Presented by Lisa Travis and Nico Baier.
Published by McLing on February 4, 2019 at 2:20 am under Reading groups, Words Group.
Next meeting: Friday 1 February 2019, 1h30-3 PM, room DS-3470, UQAM, Pavillon J.-A.-DeSève, 320, rue Sainte-Catherine Est.
Published by McLing on January 28, 2019 at 2:20 am under Words Group.
This semester, the Words Research Group will be meeting on Fridays 1:30-3pm at UQAM, DS-3470 (Pavillon J.-A.-DeSève, 320, rue Sainte-Catherine Est) and the topic of discussion is irregularities in word formation (problems with regards to locality, readjustment rules, blocking, etc…). At this week's meeting, Vanna Willerton will present Bobaljik, J. (1994) The Morphology-Syntax Connection. MITWPL 22. H. Harley & C. Phillips (eds.).
Published by McLing on January 21, 2019 at 2:20 am under Reading groups, Words Group.
The next meeting of the Word Structure Research Group will take place Monday, 12 November, 3:30-5 PM at UQAM, room DS-3470, Pavillon J.-A.-DeSève, 320 Sainte-Catherine East.
Topic: Subsyllabic morphemes in Mandarin: Demonstratives zhei and nei, presented by Isabelle Boyer.
Published by McLing on November 12, 2018 at 3:00 am under Words Group.
Topic: There are no Bracketing Paradoxes, or How to be a Modular Grammarian by (and presented by) Heather Newell.
Published by McLing on October 15, 2018 at 3:00 am under Words Group.
Topic: A morphological puzzle in Austronesian; presented by Lisa Travis.
Published by McLing on September 24, 2018 at 3:00 am under Words Group.
The Word Structure Research Group will have its first meeting of the semester today (September 17th).
Everyone is welcome. If you would like to receive regular group announcements, please contact Lisa Travis.
Published by McLing on September 17, 2018 at 3:00 am under Words Group.


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Laughing Buddha Body Piercing, Upland, CA
Before committing to a body piercing, stop by this store for a free, friendly consultation. While you're at it, check out the amazing selection of jewelry, much of which is hand-crafted by…
Before committing to a body piercing, stop by this store for a free, friendly consultation. While…
The 9 Best Doughnut Shops in California!
Cake Among Us is actually more of a cake bakery, but the other sweet treats, including brownies and…
The 10 Best Tattoo Parlors in California!
Six Feet Under, Upland, CA
Six Feet Under is the tattoo parlor of reality star and famed tattoo artist Corey Miller. Trained by some of California's most famous names, Corey has a style all is own and all the artists…
Six Feet Under is the tattoo parlor of reality star and famed tattoo artist Corey Miller. Trained…
The Best Kids' Play Centers in California!
Party Kingdom encourages the whole family to get in on the fun. Recently revamped, Party Kingdom has new adventures and fun to explore for a great way to stay active as a family. It's also a…
Party Kingdom encourages the whole family to get in on the fun. Recently revamped, Party Kingdom…
Claremont Craft Ales, Claremont, CA
Every other Sunday, check out "Yoga on Tap" at Claremont Craft Ales. Supply your own mat and the brewery will supply the beer.
Every other Sunday, check out "Yoga on Tap" at Claremont Craft Ales. Supply your own…
The 15 Best Hiking Trails in California!
Bridge to Nowhere, San Gabriel Mountains, CA
The Bridge to Nowhere hike is part of an ancient plan to connect San Gabriel with Wrightwood, but flooding eventually left only the bridge and none of the road. It's a long hike, around 10…
The Bridge to Nowhere hike is part of an ancient plan to connect San Gabriel with Wrightwood, but…
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Ontario Mills, Ontario, CA
There's a unique type of magic at traditional malls during the holiday season. If you're in the Ontario area, Ontario Mills is the place to go. It's one of the largest malls…
There's a unique type of magic at traditional malls during the holiday season. If…
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The Glass House, Pomona, CA
The all ages venue tends to be one of the first music venues that Southern Californians hit up once they learn to drive. From touring bands to showcasing local artists, The Glass House is one of the…
The all ages venue tends to be one of the first music venues that Southern Californians hit up once…
Best Things In & Around Upland, CA
Before committing to a body piercing, stop by this store for a free, friendly consultation. While you're at it, check out the amazing selection of jewelry, much of which is hand-crafted by… Read More
Looking for a Thai dining experience that is casual yet flavorful? If you're in the San Bernardino area, Rose Apple Thai Cuisine is your top destination. Check it out for an array of Thai… Read More
Featured in The 15 Best Hiking Trails in California!
The Bridge to Nowhere hike is part of an ancient plan to connect San Gabriel with Wrightwood, but flooding eventually left only the bridge and none of the road. It's a long hike, around 10… Read More
Before the Orlando behemoth that is Disneyworld, there was the original. First opened in 1955, this was the original home of Mickey and Minnie, and was built under the direct supervision of Walt. So… Read More
The Royce, Pasadena, CA
Featured in The 14 Best Restaurants in California!
Located in the stunning historic Langham Pasadena Hotel, The Royce is a modern steakhouse that showcases Pasadena's history of formal dining with a modern twist.
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If you're in the Santa Ana area and are in need of some new equipment, apparel, or accessories for your next winter adventure, Ski and Snowboard Outlet has you covered. Head to this specialty… Read More
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Events around Upland, CA
Which One's Pink? a tribute to Pink Floyd
The Canyon Montclair, Montclair, CA
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Toyota Arena, Ontario, CA
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Upland Memorial Skate Park
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The Skate Park measures 12,000 square feet and has a 20 inch pipe with bowl. We offer street style skating. Features: Reservable Areas: 3&nb... Read More
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315 East Fourth Street, Ontario, CA
THE HISTORIC OLIVE HOUSE is home of world famous Graber Olives grown and produced by the Graber family since 1894. A rare delicacy has been created... Read More
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Boomers! Upland offers Miniature Golf, Arcade, Rock Wall, Go Karts and Bumper Boats, Boomers is the perfect place for fun! When it come... Read More
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Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, established in 1927, is the largest botanic garden dedicated to California native plants. Spread across 86 acres i... Read More
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History:Evidence of the early California Indians that once lived in the area has been found in this 50-year-old park. The Nature Center was the fir... Read More
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A.J. Foyt Alexander Rossi Michael Andretti IndyCar Automobile racing Sports Indianapolis 500
Andretti pulls Kirkwood back for 2023 as Rossi replacement
Kyle Kirkwood waits for the start of the final practice for the Indianapolis 500 auto race at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Indianapolis, Friday, May 27, 2022. (AP Photo/Michael Conroy)
Alexander Rossi walks down pit road during practice for the Indianapolis 500 auto race at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Friday, May 20, 2022, in Indianapolis. (AP Photo/Darron Cummings)
Alexander Rossi, left, talks with Graham Rahal during the drivers meeting for the Indianapolis 500 auto race at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Saturday, May 28, 2022, in Indianapolis. (AP Photo/Darron Cummings)
Kyle Kirkwood looks at his car during practice for the Indianapolis 500 auto race at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Thursday, May 19, 2022, in Indianapolis. (AP Photo/Darron Cummings)
By Jenna Fryer 2 hrs ago


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SecurityBriefNew Zealand
New Zealand's leading source of cybersecurity and threat news
Learning from the past to protect the future of IoT and cloud
Sara Barker
This year it is likely that cyber adversaries will use a known vulnerability to conduct their attacks, despite belief to the contrary that suggests attackers are developing more sophisticated threats. That's what the team from ForeScout believes at least, and those vulnerabilities are quite accessible.
"Given how accessible known vulnerabilities are to organisations as well as hackers, it is critical to have good cyber hygiene. This is the foundation of an enterprise to prevent hackers from taking advantage of a weak link and exploiting a vulnerability before it can be patched or updated," comments ForeScout's chief marketing officer Steve Redman.
It's a double-edged sword for some macro trends that are currently having a positive – and negative impact for organisations and their security challenges. They include:
Growth and diversity of devices and platforms. By 2020, there will be 30 billion devices. There will be more new devices introduced in the next few years as there were in the first 20 years of the Internet age.
These devices serve a variety of consumer and business purposes, and, with diversity of vendors, comes a diversity of operating system platforms. This means that organisations need to have visibility and control over these devices.
Yet the challenge is in how to find tools to manage them. For tools that require agents, those vendors already have a have a difficult time keeping with the operating systems let alone the hundreds of operating systems now coming out for Internet of Things (IoT) devices including operational technology (OT).
IT is converging with OT to drive innovation and productivity. IT is merging with OT for monitoring and improved business performance. This innovation is happening in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) devices and industrial control systems (ICS) typically found in dams, bridges, oil and gas pipelines, manufacturing assembly lines, and other critical infrastructure.
Given the importance of these devices, they can seldom be taken down for maintenance or patching, and agents are often impossible to install. These networks, once separate, have now merged, leaving themselves open to new cyberthreats. As the industrial IoT revolution is taking place, organisations are realising that they don't understand what they have connected and the risks they face.
"Hackers now have the tools to compromise not only sensitive networks, but also critical infrastructure. It's no longer just about data being stolen, it's about line of business and knowing what OT an organisation has before a breach can negatively affect its bottom line and impact the company where it really hurts: critical business operations; safety; and revenue," Redman says.
The rapid adoption of cloud to accelerate business growth. Organisations are expanding their networks into the cloud, running more virtual machines on Amazon and Microsoft, using public cloud resources and software-defined networks to make networks more agile. Organisation will have a hybrid mix of virtual and physical servers, storage, and networking technologies that need managing and securing.
"Unless organisations adopt stronger best practices and mitigate risk appropriately, in 2018, we will likely continue to see the same types of threats prey on networks. However, the stakes are much higher today as there is more at risk," Redman concludes.
How safe are our IoT devices?
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Today I first drive to the church in Hrastovlje to hopefully get a glimpse of the ancient murals. Unfortunately the church is closed and I would have to call a phone number to get in. I want to explore a lot of Istria today, therefore I decide not to call the number because it would mean that I would have to wait first. I (re)park the motorcycle to take a photo and leave in the direction of Istria.
People recommended me to visit both Koper and Piran and I decide to visit both cities. When I get near the center of Koper I find out that this city only can be explored by foot. It probably is a very pretty city but I do not want to have to walk through the whole city. I would prefer to spend this time in some other city today. People who gave me the recommendations were more enthusiastic about Piran and Rovinj than about Koper. I continue to Piran.
When arriving in Piran, I also find out that Piran is also a city that should be explored by foot. The whole city center it blocked for traffic and the parking places in the center are only for citizens of Piran. There are parking places just outside the center for tourists. I meet a Croatian couple who just got fined 40€ because they parked on a parking place for citizens. I ask someone if the pilicd would also give motorcycles a fine and this guy recommends me to drive even further down to the center. "They will not care if you just park your motorcycle over there." And so I did. I parked the motorcycle in the center and explored a (small) part of the city by foot. What a beautiful small city! I buy an ice cream and sit down to enjoy the view on the square in the center. This is one of these cities where you can easily imagine how life would have been 50 or 100 years ago… after finishing the ice cream I walk back to Hans-Peter (if this is the first blog you are reading, I should probably explain that that is the name of my motorcycle) and continue to the Slovenian – Croatian border.
At the border I am a bit confused. There is not a stop sign and there is no barrier. Am I still in Schengen? I know that Croatia is within the EU, does this automatically mean that I can cross the border? I drive very slowly and look at the border guards in their weird little houses. They don't move and don't open their window. I guess I am still in Schengen and continue.
About 5 seconds later I hear a very loud whistle. Hmm… I am the only one passing the border, I obviously did something wrong. I park the motorcycle and walk back. The border guard is looking angry and mumbles something in a language that I don't understand… after he finally understands that I don't speak his language, he shouts: "Passport!" Ah, that is something I understand. I show him my passport, he looks at it for not even two seconds and returns the passport. "Okay!" I guess that I am now free to go.
Maybe they should learn to communicate, paint a stop line, paint the word "stop" or install a barrier if they want to make it clear that people should stop. I assumed that this was the easiest border crossing when I was planning my route… and although it was not difficult, it was not very pleasant either. I am not looking forward to the other border crossings now.
The first stop in Croatia is Motovun. Motovun is also a place where you cannot drive by car. You have to park the car outside the city center and busses will bring you to the city center. Again, too much time. I skip it. I heard Rovinj would be better.
The road to Rovinj is nice to drive and after arriving in Rovinj I immediately understand that the people were right about Rovinj. It is a beautiful city and the old town is amazing. After finding a place to park the motorcycle I walk into the city center. I see that many (tourist) shops are still closed or have still a lot of empty shelves. I try to collect stickers of the flags of all countries that I visit and already learned in Slovenia that I should better start immediately searching for stickers. Stickers with the flag of the country are hard to find, especially because the tourist season has not started yet. Today I am lucky. After only six souvenir shops I already manage to find a sticker for on the motorcycle panniers. Great! Now I can continue to the most southern point of Istria!
I drive through Pula, the largest city of Istria, to get to Premantura / Cape Kamenjak, a nature park at the most southern point of the Istrian peninsula.
Unfortunately I was not very lucky this time… after I drive a bit through the nature park I arrive at a barrier with two soldiers next to it. They tell me that this part of the nature park is closed for military exercises today and tomorrow. That's a bummer. Now I will miss the most beautiful part of it… but I also don't want to get shot. I will have to turn around.
I get one small glimpse on the big white cross that is located in the sea and turn around. I continue in the direction of Rijeka, already knowing that I probably will not make it that far today. Sun is setting in and there will be only two hours of daylight left. I follow the coast line on some great gravel roads till I see the sign "Duga Uvala" and I somehow want to know what it is.
Duga Uvala is obviously some kind of abandoned recreation area. There is a hotel, supermarket and many other buildings. Almost all of them are empty.
It is a bit creepy but the view on the sea makes up for that! What a serene place!
After my short detour I continue on my route and already know that it probably will be dark in half an hour. I find a place to eat some pizza and book an apartment while the chef prepares me an 'interesting' pizza. The apartment is located in Mošćenička Draga and I still have a bit to drive… in the dark.
The coastal road is twisty and difficult to predict. My headlights are aimed too low and I drive with a dark helmet visor. The first thing I have to do tomorrow is to figure out how to adjust my headlights. The high beam is fine but I hardly see a thing when using only the low beam.
At 22:00 I arrive at my apartment and am being welcomed by the host. I unpack only the necessary things, leave the rest on the bike and enjoy the cold beer that I get as a welcome drink. I am curious how the view from the apartment will be when I wake up tomorrow. On Booking.com it seemed pretty nice!
I decide to drive a bit back south along the coast line because last night it seemed really beautiful and I am curious how it will look like by daylight. The town that I want to see is Moscenice and I would like to get a view from above, from up in the mountains.
After driving around for a while I can't see the town anymore. Maybe I made a mistake? I choose not to drive further up the mountain and decide to go back down using a different route. When I am almost back down I finally notice the town again.
Obviously these mountains are so steep that if you are on it, you can not see the town by the foot of the mountain.
I drive further down and leave Istria in the direction of Rijeka. From there I will drive to the island Krk, the last destination before I am going to drive the Magistrala to Zadar. The last part of Istria is just as amazing as it was yesterday.


Terry started his insurance career as a loss prevention engineer of Lombard Alliance Insurance Company Limited in Hong Kong and subsequently moved into insurance underwriting.
Terry has over 35 years of diverse insurance experience ranging from insurance operations, regional technical services, underwriting of corporate risks and insurance risk management in Asia. He joined CLP Power Hong Kong Limited as Insurance & Claims Manager in 2000 and was promoted to Deputy Director – Insurance & Claims in 2013, leading a team of seasoned insurance and claims specialists providing insurance solutions to the various business groups within the CLP Group (the leading investor and operator in the energy business in Asia-Pacific founded in 1901 with total earnings of USD 1.7bn in 2018 across 5 established markets with total generation capacity of over 24 GW on diversified fuel mix and customer accounts of about 5.6 million).


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Sequestration's Threat to America's Most Vulnerable
Brookings on Job Numbers
Michael Greenstone, Adam Looney, and Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney, The Hamilton Project Friday, March 8, 2013
The labor market continued to improve last month, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In February, the economy added 236,000 jobs and the unemployment rate edged down to 7.7 percent. Over the last twelve months, the private sector has added 2.1 million jobs; in contrast, employment in state, local, and federal governments has declined by more than 100,000 jobs.
Despite this progress, millions of Americans are still experiencing the effects of the Great Recession; indeed, many workers have suffered protracted periods of joblessness or lower wages. A range of government safety-net programs have assisted those Americans who have found themselves struggling in a weak economy. But recent budget cuts, notably the sequestration that went into effect on March 1, threaten to weaken this social safety net even while employment remains far from pre-recession levels.
In this month's employment analysis, The Hamilton Project looks at current poverty trends in the United States, the important role of government support programs, and how sequestration could damage critical aspects of the safety net in the midst of continued labor-market weakness. We also continue to explore the "jobs gap," or the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels.
A Look at America's Poverty Rate
According to the official poverty rate as measured by the U.S. Census Bureau, 12.5 percent of Americans lived in poverty in 2007, prior to the start of the Great Recession, a figure only slightly below the poverty rate in 1980. In the wake of the recession, the official poverty rate has increased significantly, reaching 15.1 percent in 2010—its highest level in recent decades—and remained at that elevated level in 2011. At first glance, then, it might appear that the nation has made little progress—or even gone backwards—in fighting the war on poverty, but this official rate doesn't tell the whole story.
Trouble at the Bar
By Clifford Winston, David Burk, and Jia Yan
By Clifford Winston and Quentin Karpilow
Making College Work
By Harry J. Holzer and Sandy Baum
Some experts argue that the official rate is an inaccurate measure of the well-being of low-income Americans because it omits the effects of taxes and many anti-poverty programs that provide valuable support for low-income American families. In a 2008 discussion paper for The Hamilton Project, Rebecca Blank and Mark Greenberg explain why the official poverty rate is flawed and how it could be improved.
Blank and Greenberg advocate using an alternative measure of poverty, developed by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in the 1990s. This NAS rate accounts for changes in the costs of goods other than food—notably, health care—and makes different adjustments for family size and inflation. But most importantly, the official poverty rate only considers a family's pre-tax money income, while the NAS measure also accounts for tax credits and noncash benefits like the earned income tax credit (EITC), child tax credit, housing stipends, energy assistance, and food and nutrition programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly food stamps).
Michael Greenstone
Nonresident Senior Fellow - Economic Studies
Adam Looney
Executive Director, Marriner S. Eccles Institute, University of Utah
Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney, The Hamilton Project
The graph below, based on measures from a recent paper by Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan, illustrates the difference between these two poverty metrics.
A frequent criticism of anti-poverty programs is that they incentivize people to work less, which in turn raises the official poverty rate. While certain programs, such as unemployment insurance, may have this effect for some individuals (although evidence suggests that this effect is not very large), Bruce Meyer and Dan Rosenbaum and Nada Eissa and Jeffrey Liebman have shown that other key anti-poverty programs like the EITC actually provide very strong work incentives. While the overall effect of anti-poverty programs on the official poverty rate is, therefore, ambiguous, it is clear that government programs have greatly reduced the more-accurate NAS poverty rate.
The Role of Policy in Alleviating Poverty
The striking fact about the above graph is that, since the 1990s, the NAS poverty rate has fallen significantly and was 3.4 percentage points below the official measure in 2010. In human terms, this means there are more than 10 million fewer people living below the poverty line, according to the NAS rate. Intuitively, this makes sense: the development and expansion of effective anti-poverty programs like the EITC, expansions in health insurance for low-income children and families, and more recent temporary expansions in the safety net during the Great Recession have reduced the number of Americans living in poverty over time. What's more, the temporary recovery measures that policymakers enacted during the recession cushioned families against the most devastating effects of the weak economy.
Many of the current anti-poverty programs, therefore, are having a very real and positive impact that is not reflected in official poverty statistics. While too many Americans are still living in poverty, even more families would struggle to get by in the absence of support programs that have been enacted and expanded during the past three decades.
Despite the success of these policies in assisting at-risk families, some of these programs will be scaled back significantly as a result of the March 1 sequestration. The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, for instance, estimates that the extended unemployment benefits that were enacted during the recession kept 3.4 million Americans above the poverty line in 2010 alone. Yet under sequestration, extended unemployment benefits will be cut by almost 10 percent. Other longer-term safety-net programs that have been important in reducing the NAS poverty rate in recent years—including housing vouchers for very low-income Americans and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)—will also be reduced. Sequestration, therefore, could have disproportionately negative impacts on those Americans who most need assistance in recovering from the recession.
Recently, The Hamilton Project released 15 Ways to Rethink the Federal Budget, a report including a range of proposals—written by experts from many policy and political backgrounds—for reducing the deficit through pro-growth policies that do not hinder the United States' recovery efforts. While there has been progress on improving the deficit and labor-market situations over the last few years, it is clear that more work remains to be done to help many American families in their transition back to full employment.
The February Jobs Gap
As of February, our nation faces a "jobs gap" of 10.2 million jobs. The chart below shows how the jobs gap has evolved since the start of the Great Recession in December 2007, and how long it will take to close under different assumptions of job growth. The solid line shows the net number of jobs lost since the Great Recession began. The broken lines track how long it will take to close the jobs gap under alternative assumptions about the rate of job creation going forward.
If the economy adds about 208,000 jobs per month, which was the average monthly rate for the best year of job creation in the 2000s, then it will take until April 2020 to close the jobs gap. Given a more optimistic rate of 321,000 jobs per month, which was the average monthly rate of the best year of job creation in the 1990s, the economy will reach pre-recession employment levels by November 2016. You can also try out our interactive jobs gap calculator by clicking here and view the jobs gap chart for each state here.
Although poverty—by any measure—has increased since the beginning of the recession in 2007, the evidence suggests that many anti-poverty programs enacted during the past several decades and the federal government's response to the recession have played an important role in keeping many American families above the poverty line. Indeed, while much work remains to be done in supporting low-income families, the nation's social safety net has been successful over the past few decades in giving many Americans the support they need to get ahead. Sequestration threatens to throw many American families back into poverty during the economic recovery by cutting the very programs that are helping them stay above water.
In the coming months, The Hamilton Project will continue to look at trends in poverty and how the federal government can do more to provide low-income Americans opportunities to become self-sufficient and succeed. From increasing access to post-secondary education to increasing incentives to work, there are many ways for government to reduce poverty in a way that promotes broad economic growth. Pursuing such policies will improve the lives of millions of Americans and strengthen our economy.
Each month from March 2014 to April 2019, Brookings experts analyzed how weather and seasonality affected job numbers. To read more about this series, please visit our page on adjusting the monthly jobs numbers.
Why Indian NGOs are developing a shared education agenda in reaction to COVID-19
Rebecca Winthrop


The Outsider is the other book that I have had to re-read for my university reading list. It is a book that I first read in college, so about three or four years ago. My classmates at the time, who also had to read it, were less than enthusiastic about it; for me, it was something of a revelation.
The plot follows the life of a French Algerian named Meursault in the months after the death of his mother. His reaction is an unusual one to say the least: while many would have spent months grieving and adjusting to the loss of a parent, his response is to continue life as he has always done, with little to no remorse. This oddly muted behaviour continues to baffle his friends, but is otherwise considered harmless, until one day he kills a man for no reason; but now, in the public eye, his behaviour appears monstrous and his muted emotions evidence of a complete lack of human feeling. From the premise, I can see why many people would be put off; certainly, the lack of empathy with Meursault is the one complaint that I always hear. But for me, feeling empathy for Meursault isn't why I like this book: I already know that I won't ever understand him as a person. I like this book because I admire Meursault's guiding principle, even if I understand its limitations. What I admire about Meursault is his adoration and strict adherence to the truth, at least as he is able to express it; he doesn't exaggerate or lie about his feelings for the benefit of society or to make life easy. I may not agree with his reactions to situations, but at the same time I can't help but admire his straightforward attitude. In terms of personal philosophies, I can also admire his habit of living in the present, appreciating what he has and not deluding himself with the idea that if he somehow had a different life everything would be wonderful.


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Lammond, William
Open Brethren (Christian Missions in Many Lands)
William (Willie) Lammond, who was born on November 5, 1876, was one of the last links with the very early explorers in Central Africa, such as Livingstone, Arnot, and Crawford, having arrived on the west coast at Benguela in Angola in 1900 as a young man of twenty-three years of age. Like many of the early explorers, he was a Scot, coming from Glasgow and also, like them, he left school at fourteen to undertake a practical apprenticeship, in his case in engineering, as a fitter, rather than pursue a university education. By the time of his death in 1968, in his ninety-second year, he had become one of the best known and respected missionaries in Zambia (the former Northern Rhodesia) and the undisputed doyen of the whole missionary community with an unmatched length of continuous service of over sixty years [1].
When he and his companion, John Alexander Clarke, landed at Benguela in Angola, the interior of the continent was as undeveloped as it had been in the days of Livingstone and Arnot. Not only so, but as he was to write, the "slave trade was in full swing in 1900 … I was to meet with hundreds of the poor wretches in chains, forked sticks, and tied up with ropes tramping to the west" [2]. They were bound for the cocoa plantations on the Portuguese islands of San Tome and Principe and the authorities on the coast seemed to turn a blind eye to the situation. His route into Central Africa followed very much the path of Arnot and earlier missionaries, across the Kwanze River and on to the Lualaba River before heading for Luanza on the shores of Lake Mweru. This mission had been established by Daniel Crawford in 1894 and Willie Lammond was to remain there for four years. In 1904 he married his first wife, Flora Merry. In order to do so, they had to walk 250 miles to the town of Abercorn (modern Mbala, in Zambia) at the foot of Lake Tanganyika and 250 miles back. On the return journey she nearly died of blackwater fever, a complication of severe malaria often associated with high quinine usage (the only anti-malarial drug available in those days), and she sadly succumbed to this illness just two years later in 1906. By this time the Lammonds had moved south to Mambilima, close to chief Mulundu's village, on the Luapula River, that forms the border between modern Zambia and the Congo Republic.
Mambilima, the local name for the rapids and meaning "the jumping of the waters," was also called Johnston Falls for a number of years from about the early 1920s until Zambian independence in the mid-1960s, in honor of one of the governors of Northern Rhodesia. The local chief, Kazembe, had allowed the establishment of a mission station in 1898, although not without frequent trouble. Attempts had been made to kill H. J. Pomeroy, the first resident missionary, at the instigation of the chief and the situation remained tense for some time. The tables were turned a year or two later, however, when the British sent a punitive expedition against Kazembe in order to depose him and he turned to the missionaries at Mambilima for refuge. By this time a Mr. and Mrs. Anderson were the missionaries and Mrs. Anderson persuaded Kazembe to return with her and meet the force, while her husband remained at Mambilima to keep control of the remnant of Kazembe's followers. Of this incident, Willie Lammond was later to write that one of the officers involved had said to him, 'What could we do with the man when a woman brought him by the hand and said, 'Do be kind to him'?" [3].
Towards the end of 1906, after the death of his first wife, Willie Lammond returned to the homeland for a period of leave. Once again he walked across Africa, not meeting the train, on the newly constructed railway, until he was just a few hours short of Luanda. While in England, he married his second wife Dora Gammon in 1908. She came from the English West Country, from the seaside town of Ilfracombe in North Devon. He had also taken the opportunity of undertaking a course in dentistry at Livingstone College, providing him with skills that would be put to good use on his return to Africa. The Lammonds returned to Mambilima in May 1908 to find that sleeping sickness (trypanosomiasis) was devastating the Luapula Valley. This disease is transmitted by the tsetse fly, and feral animals, as well as cattle, form the reservoir for the parasite that causes the disease. In the early twentieth century there was no treatment for the condition and the authorities on both sides of the Luapula River (that is, both British and Belgian) ordered the complete evacuation of the relatively densely-populated area. As a result, the Lammonds moved some forty-five miles to the north to the village of Kaleba, remaining there from 1910 until 1922. During this time, Willie Lammond began an extensive educational program and saw considerable growth in the local churches. Local Christians became effective in evangelizing their own people and significant progress was made in bringing Christianity to that area. Willie also had the pleasure of welcoming his brother George and his wife to the mission in 1913 and he too played a significant part in developing Christian work in the Luapula Valley before eventually retiring to England in 1951 as a result of failing eyesight. During that period, George was renowned as a highly skilled cabinet maker throughout that area of Northern Rhodesia.
The strict regulations governing movements in the Luapula Valley were relaxed by the authorities in 1922 and it was possible for the Lammonds to return to their original mission at Mambilima. He was the only dentist for hundreds of miles and over the years, not only the local people, but government officials, missionaries of all brands, settlers and traders, were to find relief at his hands. He was also a highly practical builder and there was a substantial building program at the mission as time progressed. In addition to the missionaries' houses, a school, a home and school for blind and physically handicapped children, as well as a hospital were all established. The numbers of both European and local staff increased with teachers and nurses, as well as those specifically concerned with the spiritual aspects of the mission. Willie Lammond ruled over all as a gentle autocrat, countenancing little change in the way things were to be done. Even in the years immediately before his death on February 24, 1968, he still retained what was essentially a controlling interest in the affairs of the mission, as well as the local churches, and the local church leaders regularly sought his advice.
Willie Lammond's second wife, Dora, died in 1952 and late in 1953 he married again. His third wife, Betty Shepherd, a graduate in mathematics, had joined the mission as a school teacher in 1946, just after the Second World War, and she continued working at the mission after Willie's death until her own retirement from Zambia in 1992. She died in England the following year.
Someone who had worked with Willie Lammond for a number of years paid this tribute to him. He "was a great man and a straight man. One of those unswervingly righteous Scottish characters whom one can only admire - and sometimes fear" [4]. He was undoubtedly a man of great integrity, but he could be autocratic, obstinate and difficult. On the other hand, there was another side to his character. He had a mischievous, almost impish, sense of humor and a great love of children with whom he was thoroughly at home, even though he had no family of his own. He was also a man of broad sympathies and had little time for denominational barriers at a time when ecumenical cooperation had scarcely been thought of. He was appointed M.B.E. in 1945 in recognition of his work, but his true legacy remains in the thriving Christian communities of the Luapula Valley in northwestern Zambia that he was instrumental in establishing.
J. Keir Howard
Editorial note, "Willie Lammond" in The Northern Rhodesian Journal, Vol.1, No. 3 (March 1951), pp. 75-76.
William Lammond, "Fifty years in Central Africa" in The Northern Rhodesian Journal, Vol. 1, No. 3, (March 1951), pp. 3-7.
3 Lammond, p. 6. Robert Rotberg has accused the missionaries at Mambilima of intrigues with the authorities against Kazembe which led to the expedition against the chief (Christian Missionaries and the Creation of Northern Rhodesia: 1880-1924. [Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965], pp. 68-70). Rotberg's account appears somewhat biased and he adduces no documentary evidence and quotes no sources, other than highly selective extracts from missionary letters (now in the Christian Brethren Archive at The John Rylands University Library, Manchester, England). The documentary evidence, in fact, would appear to be very much to the contrary as the full letters show, also borne out by the actions of Mr. and Mrs. Anderson.
A. E. Fulton, From Forest Track to Tarmac (Bala, North Wales: Dragon Books, 1970), p. 20.
William Lammond,* Lessons in Chibemba,* 8th ed. (Lusaka: Northern Rhodesian Publications Bureau, 1957). First edition published in 1930 in Brussels.
——–, "Fifty years in Central Africa" in The Northern Rhodesian Journal, Vol.1, No.3, (March 1951), pp. 3-7
W. T. Stunt, G. P. Simmons, A. Pulleng, D. K. Boak, A. Pickering, and S. F. Warren, Turning the World Upside Down: A Century of Missionary Endeavour (Eastbourne: Upperton Press and Bath: Echoes of Service, 1972), pp. 391-392, 401-402, 404-405, 566.
F. A. Tatford,* That the World Might Know. Vol 6: The Dark Continent * (Bath: Echoes of Service, 1984), pp. 366, 443, 445.
This article, received in 2005, was researched and written by Dr. J. Keir Howard, a retired consultant physician and Anglican priest who holds doctorates in both medicine and theology. From 1961 to 1966, he served as a medical missionary in Zambia.


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Home / Presentation / Categories
The different classes
The European Le Mans Series is a European series of endurance races reserved for cars such as "Le Mans Prototypes" and "Le Mans Grand Touring". In 2017, the ELMS presents three different categories : LMP2, LMP3, LMGTE.
2019 Sporting Regulation
LMP2
The category below the top LMP1 class of the FIA World Endurance Championship, LMP2 is a key part of the "Endurance" family which allows teams, as well as drivers, to gradually progress to the highest level. The "Le Mans Prototype 2" (LMP2) class is reserved exclusively for privateer teams independent of constructors and/or engine suppliers.
LMP2 cars have similar characteristics to LMP1 (carbon monocoque chassis) while respecting strict cost criteria: the price must not exceed €483,000.
In 2017,the four constructors who will supply chassis for the cars that will compete in the LMP2 category are: Dallara, Onroak Automotive, Oreca and the joint-venture Riley Tech/Multimatic.
In the European Le Mans Series, FIA World Endurance Championship and Asian Le Mans Series all LMP2 cars will be equipped with Gibson Technology engines. The 4-litre V8 engine, which was unveiled at the 2016 24 Hours of Le Mans, delivers around 600bhp, an increase of approximately 100bhp on engines run in 2016.
Cosworth Electronics will be the single electronics supplier. The unique Cosworth electronic unit will also provide a more efficient level of service (equipment, etc.), while enabling the performance of the engines run in the ELMS, FIAWEC and Asian LMS and in the American series to be managed.
The weight and dimensions of the 2017 LMP2 cars have changed from the closed cockpit cars run previously with the maximum measurements of the new cars being longer, narrower, slightly taller and 30kg heavier.
Each driver line up must be made up of at least one "Silver"or "Bronze" rated driver.
Race Number Background Colour: BLUE
LMP2 technical specifications:
Minimum weight
Width of rear wing
1800 mm maxi
Max 6 gears + reverse
Carbon brake discs max diameter
15'' (380mm)
4750mm maxi (including rear wing)
Max width
Max diameter
LMP2 Technical Regulations
In order to strengthen the pyramid of endurance racing which was introduced in 1999 by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest, the ACO has launched in 2015 a new category of junior sports-prototype for endurance racing, LMP3.
In the pyramid of "Le Mans Prototypes," LMP3 becomes the first step on the ladder before moving up to the LMP2 and LMP1 classes (the latter in the FIA WEC and 24 Hours of Le Mans).
The thinking behind this car is that there should be fewest number of constraints possible, whether those are budgetary, technical, driving or operation. The sale price of the new car, complete, must not exceed €206,000.
The LMP3 is a closed car. The chassis and bodywork of LMP3 can be built by six manufacturers which have been designed by the ACO : Ginetta, Ligier, Adess, Dome, Riley and Norma. They are very close to those of the current LMP2 (closed cockpit, carbon chassis with tubular steel roll cage). The powertrain consist of a Nissan 420 bhp normally aspirated V8 engine, and an X-Trac gearbox. It is identical for all chassis, and marketed by the ORECA company which also provides specific assistance to teams.
To emphasise the driver development of the category, crews must include at least one bronze driver, gold drivers are only allowed in crews of three drivers and platinum drivers are not permitted to compete in LMP3. Driving times are also controlled with gold drivers only allowed to drive for 60-minutes during a 4-hour ELMS race giving more time at the wheel for the silver and bronze members of the crew.
Race Number Background Colour: PURPLE.
Nissan V8
Steel discs / max diameter 14" (355 mm)
4650mm (including rear wing)
LMGTE
Grand Touring cars are part of the tradition of endurance racing. To be homologated, a GTE (E for Endurance) must be based around a production road car of which 100 examples have been built (25 for a "small manufacturer", 300 for a carbon chassis). The "race" version must retain the shape of the road-going model from which it is derived. The engine must retain its original location, orientation, and its original position. However, it may be re-positioned for cars of which a minimum number of 2500 examples are produced in a consecutive 12-month period.
As opposed to the category with the suffix "Pro" (entered in the FIA WEC and the 24 Hours of Le Mans), "Am" designates the GTE class reserved for amateur drivers.
Technically, the cars in the GTE Am class correspond to the same regulations as the GTE Pros, but they must be at least one year old. Thus, they cannot benefit from the latest developments.
For the LMGTE and GTC classes, the composition of driver line-ups must adhere to the Drivers' Categorisation List. A crew of 2 or 3 drivers must have no more than one Gold or Platinum rated driver.
Race Number Background Colour: ORANGE.
LMGTE technical specifications:
1245 kg can be adjusted with BOP
Mini 50 litres / Maxi 90 litres can be adjusted with BOP
Cubic Capacity (max)
Normally aspirated
6 gears max + reverse
Overall maximum length
4800 mm (including rear wing)
Overall maximum width
LMGTE Technical Regulations